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Rockford Fosgate Tricks Out A Tata Nexon: Concert For Five
Rockford Fosgate is a company that has been developing and manufacturing audio products since 1973, it was founded by a man named Jim Fosgate who has been making car audio systems ever since. Rockford audio has recently added the DSR1 system, an audio processor that is a first of its kind. The DSR1 was made with the intention to enhance the overall audio experience in premium cars, additionally, this system isn't limited to just top end cars but can be fitted to any car.
The DSR1 can be fitted anywhere in the car given its small dimensions, it was primarily designed to replace a cars stock amplifier and integrate with the existing audio system. Fortunately, there is no wire cutting involved since a specific adaptor for your cars make & model can be purchased. We'll come back to the audio system, let's talk a little about their car, Rockford Fosgate picked a Tata Nexon to launch the DSR1 system.
This Tata Nexon has been fitted with the best that Rockford has to offer and its meant to go around the country to different Rockford Fosgate dealerships while showcasing its performance. Mechanically speaking, the Nexon is in bare stock form, but there has been quite a dramatic visual change on the inside and a tad bit on the outside. For starters, this Nexon gets a matte grey paint finish on the outside along with the company name on either side of the car.
On the inside is where the big change takes place, once you move into the cabin you notice red & black theme running across the car surrounds and there are two tweeters on each side of the A-pillars that sit right in front of you. The seats too are custom made and feature perforated leather, while the lower portion of the doors has been reworked to accommodate 2 T1659 speakers that are 6.5-inches in size. Additionally, the doors have a layer of damping installed to prevent the sound from exiting the cabin along with preventing exterior noise making it into the cabin.
In total this car has 8 speakers, 4 tweeters and 2 subwoofers. Unfortunately, we don't have any exact output figures but what we do know is this setup looks like something straight out of a Fast & The Furious Franchise. It's clear that the exterior aesthetics of this car were never the priority, this is the kind of setup a true audiophile will enjoy and appreciate.
Also Read – Skoda To Offer The Virtual Cockpit On All Its Big Cars
Coming back to the audio system, Rockford allows users to fine-tune the system with the help of the PerfectTune App. Given the fact that similar to products from any other audio manufacturer costs a bomb meanwhile, this system seems a whole lot more accessible at a price of just Rs. 30,000/-. The DSR1 system is available across the country at any Rockford Fosgate dealer and can be installed in any car.
Image Source – TeamBHP


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Earlier this year, The New York Times announced in 2013 traffic to their home page was half of what it had been in 2011. In two years their home page had taken a major hit to its influence.
And they are not alone. Insurance agency websites are not immune to this slide away from the home page. Potential clients usually start on your website on a page other than the home page when they discover your site through social media or search engines results.
Two things have helped this shift:
- More SEO Friendly Landing Pages: More insurance agents now have designated pages to pick up specific traffic for specific lines of business. A landing page has a stronger, tighter SEO focus and will pick up more clients looking for that specific type of information.
For example, on an insurance agency website, there will be a page that focuses on auto insurance only. On that page all of the keywords and Meta tag information will be aimed at auto insurance, instead of a home page which discusses auto, homeowners and everything else the agency does.
- Social Media: Links on an agency's Facebook, Twitter or LinkedIn pages rarely take clients to the insurance website's home page. Instead, they will go to a specific landing page that relates to the topic of the post.
A post about summer fun and insuring watercraft will take people to the page about boat insurance. Or the links will be to the agency's blog or other special programs offer.
Though the home page may no longer be as relevant as it used to be, it is still an important part of your insurance agency website.
Search engines put an emphasis on the home page. If you leave the home page blank or unedited on a regular basis, it will affect your search engine optimization. (Tweet this!)
While less people may naturally find your home page than before, not putting effort into your home page design will deter potential clients whose first impression of you is through that very home page.

subset: commoncrawl


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The Evangelization Commission assists the parish in sharing and promoting the Good News of Jesus Christ. We continue to grow in our understanding of the New Evangelization and engage in ministries that reach out to parishioners, invite those interested in becoming Catholic to join us and encourage and support those who wish to to return to the practice of their faith. This group meets quarterly and as needed.
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New Music Video Created Entirely With iPad Brushes App [VIDEO]
Animator Shawn Harris picked up an iPad with the Brushes app on board and created a lively and colorful music video for the group Blush featuring Snoop Dogg. Who knew this was even possible? It's the first music video created entirely using the Brushes app for iPad.
As you can see in the "making of" video for the group's debut single "Undivided," Harris drew the individual frames on the iPad Brushes [iTunes link] app, it recorded each of the frames, and when he emailed the resulting file to himself, he had the makings of a stylized and highly creative animation.
Great stuff. The group Blush is impressive, too. Take a look at the finished product:
See more: Here's more artwork, all created on the iPad:


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Brass Offsets are crucial for protecting small flared cracks, often fitting perfectly where nothing else will go. The brass used for the head of the nut is soft enough to bite into placements, but hard enough to resist deforming and pulling through. Wires are soldered directly into the nut head, allowing a thicker wire to be used and increasing overall strength. The colour coded swage gives easy size selection and allows the Brass Offset to self equalise when loaded, making the most of marginal placements.
Brass Offsets often fit perfectly in shallow flares where most other stoppers would barely hold body weight.
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For years, policymakers on Capitol Hill have searched for a path forward on tax reform that is "business only," meaning that it does not affect individuals' tax rates. The thought was that comprehensive tax reform is too difficult to achieve politically. The trouble with business-only tax reform is that so many businesses are organized as pass-through entities (partnerships and limited liability corporations) that efforts to lower the corporate tax rate without lowering individual tax rates tend to run into opposition from businesses that do not pay corporate-level taxes.
On April 13, 2016, Tax Notes Today reported that the US Senate Committee on Finance has identified a path through the wilderness: "corporate integration," by way of a dividends paid deduction. But tax-exempt pension funds and other tax-exempt entities may not like where that path leads, because it would likely make them a good deal less exempt than they are under current law.
Corporate integration is the idea that corporate earnings should be taxed once, either at the corporate level or the shareholder or bondholder level, but not at both levels. Under the current US tax system, corporate earnings distributed as dividends are taxed once at the corporate level and again when distributed to shareholders as dividends—two times. Meanwhile, corporate earnings distributed as interest are deductible at the corporate level but taxable at the bondholder level—one time. This creates a tax preference to capitalize a corporation with debt rather than equity, an economic "distortion" that policymakers would like to eliminate. Also, many perceive the comparatively high corporate tax rate in the United States as creating an incentive for US corporations to move earnings offshore.
The proposal would allow corporations to deduct not only interest paid to bondholders but also dividends paid to shareholders. This would eliminate or significantly reduce tax at the corporate level, without adjusting the nominal corporate tax rate. It would also eliminate the distortion between debt and equity as well as the incentive to move earnings abroad to escape US taxation. Mission accomplished!
But there's a catch. The proposal would require corporations to withhold on dividends and interest at a 35% tax rate and pay that amount to the US Department of the Treasury. Taxable shareholders and bondholders would be able to claim a nonrefundable tax credit on their tax returns equal to the amount withheld, but tax-exempt shareholders and bondholders—including pension and other tax-exempt employee benefit funds—would be unable to use the credit. And therein lies the rub: under the proposal, tax exempts would bear one level of tax on dividend and interest income from US corporate stocks and bonds where they currently bear none.
It's not difficult to see why the drafters would go this direction; after all, the tax-exempt sector collectively holds a huge amount of US corporate debt and equity. If corporations could deduct dividends and interest, and tax exempts could exclude dividends and interest, then a large portion of corporate profits would escape taxation altogether. But the effect on tax-exempt entities would be profound.
It is unlikely that any significant tax legislation will be enacted prior to the 2016 elections. That said, it is important to give serious consideration to tax reform proposals developed by tax writing committees such as the Senate Finance Committee. This particular proposal has yet to be officially released, and if and when it is, it will likely be in the form of a discussion draft rather than as legislation. The prospects that it will someday be enacted depend in large part on the Joint Committee on Taxation's microeconomic and macroeconomic revenue estimates and the distributional effects of the proposal. Once we have a better sense of who the winners and losers may be, we can more easily forecast the likelihood of passage. For now, it seems that tax-exempt pension trusts and other tax exempts may well be on the losing side of the ledger.
For more information about this proposal, please see our LawFlash, Corporate Tax Reform Proposal Would Raise Taxes on Exempts.


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As well as announcing the new Amazon Kindle Fire tablet and the new Amazon Kindle Touch, Amazon also announced that their Kindle book store now has more than 1 million Kindle books available to download.
When the Amazon Kindle Book store launched four years ago, Amazon only had a total of 90,000 books available, and now they have over 1 million which doesn't include any copyright free texts.
We suspect that we will see this figure increase quite a bit over the next few years, especially considering the launch of the new Amazon Kindle Fire tablet, which we think will be extremely popular.
Source Tech Crunch


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Taiwan's export orders received in October amounted to US$ 46.6 billion (NT$ 1.39 trillion) for a surge of 9.2 percent over last October, a single-month high in history and representing the 15th consecutive month of growth, according to the latest statistics compiled by the statistic department of Taiwan's MOEA (Ministry of Economic Affairs).
Li-Chen Lin, director of the statistics department, holds optimism about Taiwan's monthly export orders are very likely to continue to hit a record high in the remainder of this year.
Taiwan's cumulative export revenue by mainstay industries, including information & communication, electronics and traditional manufacturing, for the first 10 months of this year have totaled US$395.6 billion (NT$11 trillion), up around 10 percent over the same period of last year and an all-time high in history. Also notable is that it is the first double-digit growth rate ever seen in the past 6 years.
Worth mentioning is that gaining steam mostly from Apple Inc., which routinely launches its new products during the second half of each of the past years, Taiwan's exports are believed to experience an even longer growth streak than expected, especially at a time when launch of iPhone X, Apple's most important smartphone model in the decade, has just been postponed to November, which will help maintain growth momentum for Taiwan's export for the remaining two months of this year.
Lin noted, the high season for Taiwanese exporters in a year usually lasts 4-5 months after September. Nevertheless, the year 2017 may be an exception, as the officer stated that the this year's peak season is very likely to extend to the end of the first quarter of next year, given that iPhone X has yet to be launched.
Lin mentioned iPhone 6, the biggest revision of Apple's smartphone range in 2014, as an example. Thanks to Apple's decision to launch its first smartphone with larger-sized screen, growth momentum for export in the year lingered into the first season of 2015. A similar growth trajectory will likely come this year.
Lin continued, export revenue in the remaining two months is expected to continue to hit a new high, whereas a majority of Taiwanese exporters also think that orders received in November will exceed that in December in terms of value.
Lin forecasted that Taiwan's export orders in November will show a YoY growth of 7.7 to 10 percent, to an estimated US$ 4.7-4.8 billion (NT$141 billion- NT$144 billion); and value of export orders for the whole year is estimated at US$ 4.92 billion (NT$147 billion), a zenith in history.
Benefiting from iPhone's launch, export orders received by Taiwanese companies from the U.S, Europe, China and Hong Kong in October all amounted to over US$10 billion (NT$300 billion) each. Noteworthily, orders from the U.S. and Europe, in terms of value, both beat single-month records for all time, while those from China and Hong Kong reached new highs for the month in history.
In the meantime, Taiwan's overall export orders for ICT (information and communication technology) products and electronics this October also hit an all-time high. As long as market demands for such products continue to swell, Taiwan's export orders from the U.S. and Europe will also keep growing in value for sure.
The additional good news for Taiwan's export-driven economy is that export orders received by local industries of base metal, chemicals, and plastic & rubber, all showed double-digit growth rates in the month, to which a couple of factors were attributed, including the continued recovery of the global economy, growing willingness of global enterprises to invest in fixed assets, and price hikes of crude oil, according to MOEA's report.


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By GREGG ELLMAN— Twitter.com/greggellman
Using a smartphone or tablet to store and play music and video is common these days but the speaker built into these devices just isn't good.
Bluetooth speakers are the best choice for wireless listening and generally have a range of about 30 feet from the media source.
Some have built-in rechargeable batteries while others need an AC outlet for power. The setup for each is generally pretty simple: just pair it with your device and you should be ready to go.
When shopping for the speakers, obviously consider price and sound but be aware of size, too. They range from pocket-sized speakers up to some that take up the same amount of space as a small piece of furniture.
Here's a bunch of choices in a variety of sizes, sounds, colors and prices from $14.99 up to $599.
RadioShack's Auvio Bluetooth speaker line comes in a variety of sizes, shapes and colors.
The Auvio 1.5-Watt 3-inch cubed speaker ($39.99) is good for about six hours of playback and can also be used as a handsfree devices for answering cell phone calls with its built in mic.
It pumps out great sounding music but doesn't take up much space, making it very portable.
The speaker is available in blue, black, white and TCU purple.
The Auvio HBT6000 Bluetooth speaker ($149) has a 60W output from six internal 10W speakers to make it the life of a party.
RadioShack calls it Sonic Emotion Absolute 3D technology, which produces the powerful sound.
A remote control is included to give you wireless access for controlling music choices, pause/play along with volume. You can also control everything with similar buttons on the top of the speaker.
It measures 4.7 x 14 x 5.2-inches and comes with an AC power adapter for the needed power and has a black mate finish.
The Satechi Portable Mini Bluetooth speaker is travel-friendly since it can get tucked away in a computer bag or suitcase.
The pocket-sized 1.5W speaker weighs just 2.2 oz and puts out an amazing amount of sound from its twistable pop-up resonator.
It's not room-filling sound for a party but it does produce deep, full bass for high-quality music.
www.Satechi.net $14.99
The rounded and sharp-looking 3-inch-tall HMDX JAM Plus wireless speaker gives you a unique option to pair a second JAM for true stereo sound.
Once you get the second (sold separately) paired it's a pretty amazing system for its size.
Each speaker has a rechargeable lithium-ion battery for up to 6 hours of sound.
www.hmdxaudio.com $59.99 available in gray, blue yellow, purple and pink
You can't help but to compare the Divoom's Onbeat-200 speaker's appearance to the Jambox Jawbone with its rectangle design (6.5 x 2 x 1.5-inches).
The speaker performs well and makes a great computer companion with good sound and a built-in mic to work as a handsfree speaker phone.
Inside the rugged looking case is a pair of 4W speakers and a rechargeable battery for up to 8 hours of use.
www.divoom.com $79.90 available in black, blue, gray and red
Once you get past the impressive packaging, NudeAudio has a versatile lineup of Bluetooth speakers.
Among them are the Move S ($49.99), a pocket-sized speaker to take on the go. It features an 8-hour battery life to power a speaker packed inside a thick protective silicon sleeve.
The NudeAudio website refers the Move L ($99.99) speaker as the "Big Daddy" of the company's line of Bluetooth portable speakers. And after cranking it up, it sure performs to the name.
Inside is a pair of full-range speakers and a sub-woofer in a protective silicone sleeve.
Both come in charcoal/coral and gray/mint color combinations and include a carrying cord for portability.
The Bēm Wireless Boom Box has incredibly clear sound at any volume and features a carrying handle to bring back the boom box days of past.
Controls for play and volume are on top of the handle of the speaker, which measures 12 x 9.5 x 5-inches and features a metal casing on the front and back.
The rechargeable battery is good for about 10 hours and you can pair two devices silmultaneously to the speaker but it can only stream the audio one at a time.
www.bemwireless.com $249.99
Soundcast Systems Melody wireless speaker system has a 360-degree rugged enclosure for sound in any direction. This includes inside or outside with its weather-resistant enclosure.
This is described by the company as "designed to operate indoors and outdoors, in cold and heat, in moderate snow and rain."
The 9-pound speaker has a carrying handle and a body with four full-range speakers. A high capacity lithium-ion battery should give you about 20 hours of sound before a charge is needed.
Simply put, the sound out of this speaker is outstanding and by far gets the "WOW" factor.
www.followmelody.com $449
Saving the best for last, which you can say gets the "WOW WOW" factor is the Minx Air 200 wireless speaker.
Devices connect to the speaker with Bluetooth or Apple iOS devices via AirPlay. Either way the sound from the 200W amplifier is just amazing.
Other features include ports on the back for a direct connection to TVs and Blu-Ray players.
Also, head to your App store for the free Minx Air app for Apple and Android devices, which let you have presets for sound control and volume.
It measures just over 8.5 x 17 x 6-inches and weighs 11 pounds and comes with a wireless remote control.
www.cambridgeaudio.com $599


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| 7.9°C Belfast
A Labour MP has pointed to "shocking" figures suggesting that black people are 26 times more likely than white people to be stopped and searched by police in England and Wales.
Chuka Umunna (Streatham) called for an urgent debate on the analysis of Ministry of Justice data in the Observer newspaper.
During Commons exchanges on forthcoming business, he said: "The researchers said this was the most glaring example of racial profiling they have seen. I think these figures are shocking.
"Can I ask if we can have an urgent debate on this matter to discern whether the police in England and Wales are using their powers of stop and search appropriately?"
Commons Leader Sir George Young said: "We are against any racial profiling when it comes to stop and search. I will raise the issue with the Home Secretary and ask her to respond."
Under Section 60 of the Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994, a police officer can stop and search anyone without suspicion in a designated area for a 24-hour period.
Analysis by the London School of Economics and the Open Society Justice Initiative in the Observer on Sunday found that in 2008-09, there were 41.6 searches for every 1,000 black people, compared with 1.6 for every 1,000 white people - making black people 26.6 times more likely to be stopped and searched.


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BRUSSELS — European Union regulators will explain on Tuesday why they believe that tax deals granted to Apple Inc. and Fiat SpA violated EU law, an EU spokesman confirmed Monday, marking the next formal step in the bloc's drive against alleged tax avoidance by multinationals.
The European Commission, the EU's central antitrust authority, opened formal investigations in June into whether tax deals granted to Apple
The commission will publish its so-called opening decisions in the Apple and Fiat cases on Tuesday, explaining why it believes that tax deals agreed between the companies and the governments in question amounted to illegal state aid, the spokesman said.
"We have doubts that [the companies] may have been granted selective treatment, preferential treatment, compared to what another company" would have received under the countries' general tax laws, the spokesman said.
Apple, Fiat and other interested parties will have a month to respond to the decisions once they are published in the EU's Official Journal, which will take place in "a few weeks", the spokesman said.
The regulator isn't yet ready to publish its opening decision in the Starbucks investigation because negotiations with the Dutch government over which information to release publicly are taking longer, the spokesman added.
The decision to examine the tax deals through the lens of the region's state-aid rules, a first for the European Union, means the commission could eventually demand that the companies return any unpaid taxes, tax experts said. It wasn't clear how large these sums would be.
An expanded version of this report appears at WSJ.com


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There is an opinion survey from the Federal Reserve Board that indicates banks have been loosening their lending terms lately. The senior loans officers survey conducted in April 2018 addressed several categories including household lending, commercial lending, as well as real estate lending.
The study shows that most, if not all, U.S banks are loosening lending policies across all three major categories. There are indications that the practice is cutting across the banking industry as foreign banks follow suit and do the same thing across all three categories.
Why are Banks Loosening Lending Standards?
The simple answer to this question is that banks are loosening lending standards in a bid to attract more borrowers. The global financial crisis experienced in the wake of the housing market crash in 2008 led to the adaption of stricter lending policies by banks the world over. However, since then, more non-bank financial institutions have come into the picture, and the aggressive competition they pose to traditional banks has led to a review of lending strategies and policies.
Other factors that led to this decision include:
- A willingness to assume more risk: with looser lending policies, banks are essentially saying that they are willing to take on more risk as the number of eligible borrowers will grow to include even those who were previously considered high-risk or disqualified as viable clients.
- Relatively stable commercial real estate prices: the commercial real estate market has since bounced back, and as such, banks are slowly regaining their confidence in dealing with this sector as the prices have remained relatively stable.
- High vacancy rates: high vacancy rates in the real estate sector spurred many non-bank lenders into action as real estate borrowers seek to find tenants as well as the money to repay their loans. This leads to a cyclic effect where banks and other lending institutions find it profitable to lend to both commercial real estate clients as well as regular mortgage borrowers.
The greatest factor, however, is the fact that non-bank lenders have found a footing in the industry after banks tightened their lending practices due to the 2008 crash. This means that banks now have to compete with a section of the lending market that does not necessarily adhere to the old "tried and tested" stringent rules that most banks use to ensure coverage for their positions when they loan out money.
Most of these new lenders do not even take credit scores or credit histories into account when dealing with borrowers. Even though they are a bit more expensive when compared to banks, the fact that they are a lot more accessible makes them the first choice for many borrowers who have poor to bad credit.
Advantages of Loose Lending Policies
While it is true that loose lending policies were a big part of the recent real estate crash, the fact of the matter is that, if managed properly, loose lending policies can actually spur the growth of an economy. Here are some advantages that come about with banks loosening their lending policies:
- It allows for more investments and higher consumer spending: when banks lower their interest rates and begin loosening their lending policies, they open up the door to budding entrepreneurs who previously had no access to the kind of funding they need to start their own business ventures that would potentially create more jobs. Additionally, friendlier lending practices could encourage business owners to take on business loans to expand their enterprises thus creating more for the local economy in general.
- It can encourage low inflation rates: one of the biggest advantages of having friendly monetary and lending policies is that it can encourage a stable economy where lenders and borrowers work in some kind of symbiotic harmony. This, in turn, promotes stable commodity prices which can be very helpful in ensuring that inflation rates stay low. Since inflation rates affect just how much money is worth and how people spend it in general, a low inflation rate is an excellent incentive for people to make financial decisions such as taking up a mortgage or a business loan without worrying that prices will drastically change thus putting them in a financial crisis.
- It can help reduce the wealth and wage gap: when more people have access to the capital they need to start their own business and improve their own lives, they get the kind of foundation necessary to create their own
- Leads to fewer financial delinquencies: most people default on their loans or financial responsibilities because they simply cannot afford these facilities. However, looser lending practices can help tame this menace as people gain access to more facilities at more affordable rates.
While these advantages are essentially good for the economy and the well-being of the borrower and the lender, to some extent, it is still not without its risks.
Disadvantages that Come with Loose Lending Policies
- It could create more delinquencies: there are two sides to this coin. On the one hand, loose lending policies could foster fewer financial delinquencies as borrowers have access to more facilities are affordable rates. On the other hand, it could mean that undisciplined borrowers have access to more loans than they can manage thus leading to more borrowing without a solid repayment plan that could, in turn, lead to more delinquencies.
- It could foster predatory lending: as lending policies become looser, more and more non-bank institutions come into the fray and with them come almost no requirements for loan qualification. When someone says that they will not even consider your credit score or history before giving you a loan, you can bet your house that the loan they give you will be as expensive as they come. High interest rates and shady fine print requirements come into play, and this is how people get unknowingly trapped under a mountain of debt.
Yes, banks are loosening their lending policies to attract more customers and spur economic growth, but is it really for the best? In an economy where there are more responsible than irresponsible borrowers, yes, it is for the best. But are we that economy?
If circumstances in your life have caused you to miss loan payments and your credit has been negatively impacted, learn about your options for improving your credit.
You can also start up a conversation on our social media channels. Like and follow and interact with us on Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter.


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FPP025 - Flight School (US Navy): With US Marine Corps Major Mike "BS" Walsh
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Doctors attend medical school. Attorneys go to law school. …Plumbers acquire the skills of their craft at a plumbing trade school. So where do fighter pilots get their start? Duh. At flight school, of course. The US Air Force and Navy maintain discrete flight schools. While they share some aircraft (i.e. the Beechcraft / Raytheon T-6 Texan II) and occasionally exchange students and instructors, the two flight schools otherwise differ in their focus and execution. We will talk about the Air Force's school on a future episode but, for this week, join Major Mike "BS" Walsh—the podcast's first US Marine Corps guest—as we delve into the US Navy flight school from beginning (immediately following commissioning) to end (FRS completion). We discuss the syllabus, aircraft flown, training locations, what it takes to succeed, and what preparation (if any, arguably) students should undertake before attending. Like med-, law-, and plumbing school, US Navy flight school is lengthy and arduous, but the rewards that follow are well worth the effort. Due to the lengthy interview, this episode does not feature a listener question segment. New bumper music by Jaime Lopez.


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Descriptiongeminiis a virtuosicsolo for unaccompanied cornet, inspired by the constellation of the same name and one of a small sequence of works inspired by the composer's love of astronomy.Gemini is a constellation visible in the night sky overhead in January and February, between Taurus, Cancer and Auriga. Gemini is latin for "twins", as the constellation's two brightest stars represent the mythological twins Castor and Pollux. Bizarrely, despite being twins, Castor and Pollux had two different fathers and hence two different fates and personalities. This work is dedicated to the composer's friend Lizzy Tonge. The opening melody takes its outline from the song 'Thank You' by Dido.To view a PDF preview click here.Estimated delivery 3-5 days


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Luis Suarez, Serial Biter: What Will FIFA Do?
Luis Suarez, superstar striker for Uruguay and Liverpool FC, is one of the finest footballers on the face of the planet. He is also, as the world discovered Tuesday, a serial biter.
During the 79th minute of the crucial game between Uruguay and Italy to decide which team would advance to the next stage of the World Cup, Suarez was jostling for position with Italian defender Giorgio Chiellini. Suddenly, without warning, Suarez bit Chiellini on the shoulder.
Suarez immediately put his hands to his face and fell to the ground. The referee did not notice the incident, and did not book Suarez. Chiellini protested vocally, and showed the bite mark on his shoulder. Other Uruguayan players rushed to get him to cover it up.
Shortly after the incident, Uruguay's Diego Godin scored the only goal of the game, and went through in second place in its group. The team will likely face Colombia in the next round.
"It was absolutely clear. There's even a mark," Chiellini told Italian station Rai TV after the match. "He knew very well that he did something that he shouldn't have done."
Meanwhile, Uruguay's manager Oscar Tabarez defended his striker by suggesting the press was making a meal of the incident: "Suarez, besides the mistakes he might have made, is the preferred target of certain media," he said.
Casual soccer fans were especially shocked to discover Suarez has bitten before — not once, but twice, and earned multiple match bans for doing so. Here he is biting Branislav Ivanovic of Chelsea last year, which earned him a 10-game ban in England's Premiere league:
Suarez also chomped on an opponent in 2010 in the Netherlands, which earned him a seven-match ban. Then playing for Ajax, he bit PSV Eindhoven player Otman Bakkal.
So what will FIFA do? The governing body is said to be preparing a statement, pending a report from match referee Marco Rodriguez of Mexico.
The organization has the power to issue anything from a fine to a one-match suspension to an indefinite or decades-long suspension of any player from professional football. This last sanction was most recently issued against players in the English and Slovakian leagues for alleged match fixing.
Sadly, FIFA has a history of issuing relatively mild sanctions in situations involving major players — even when the entire world is watching, and the game is being brought into disrepute.
In the 2006 World Cup final, French star Zinedine Zidane infamously headbutted Italian midfielder Marco Materazzi. FIFA's sanction? Zidane was fined $6,000, and agreed to do community work with children in lieu of a three-match ban. (Materazzi, meanwhile, was fined $4,000 and banned for two matches for provoking Zidane.)
We'll update this story as more news comes in and we have comment from FIFA, but one thing's for sure: Twitter, and the world, will not soon forget this incident. The hashtag #BanSuarez was trending Tuesday, even in the U.S. — and brands rushed to capitalize on the notorious incident.
Suarez's odd tendency has been outed on a global stage, and we'll all be watching him more carefully now.


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I think this is a fun, modern way to show your Valentine's Day spirit and it was very easy to do!
– 4 branches (I used birch, but plain wood with a light coating of white paint would work.)
– 2 wreath forms (I used styrofoam forms and wrapped them in birch ribbon below, but grapevine wreaths painted white would work just as well.)
– Birch patterned ribbon (you won't need this if you go with the painted version mentioned above.)
– Red raffia
– Red burlap
Cut all your sticks to the same length, making them slightly longer than the wreaths. My wreaths were 14″ diameter and I cut my sticks to 16″.
Cross two sticks to make and X and use the raffia to tie them to each other. Do the same with the other two sticks.
If you're using the birch ribbon, wrap each wreath form with the ribbon, holding the ends in place with pins. If you're using grapevine wreaths, just paint them white so they match your sticks.
Cut a 12″ wide piece of burlap the height of your area, I roughly matched my door height. Cut a second piece that is 6″ wide. Layer the pieces, wide on the bottom, narrow on top, and use a staple gun to attach them to the wall or door.
Hang your X's and O's one above the other using a small nail that goes though the burlap and into your wall.
Stand on your front porch and blow kisses to your neighbors.


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(ITKF Statute, Article 1, paragraph 1.3)
Through traditional karate an individual acquires means to develop his mental and physical skills. Thanks to constant search for tech-nical perfection, a person achieves an allround development of his possibilities. There are no limits to search in traditional karate, whereas by aiming at getting higher in sports hierarchy, one only improves one?s technique. The only existing limits are the capability of an individual to increase his abilities and his potential in pursuing new achievements. But one must try to go beyond the limits.


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Graphic Design
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Our graphic design team offers superior logo design and identity imaging services across all industries.
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The web is still a major lead development platform, but is difficult to maintain due to constantly changing web standards. Print Tech's web design group is versed in all modern web languages including HTML 5, CSS3 and PHP. Whether you are updating your current website, or looking to establish a mobile web presence, our team can help!
Preview Before and After Graphic Design From Our Talented Team


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Create an Account - Increase your productivity, customize your experience, and engage in information you care about.
It is the vision of the Greenspace Development Committee (GDC) to develop designated greenspace areas into flood tolerant recreational facilities for the use of all citizens and the overall enhancement and improvement of our community.
The Blanchard River can provide opportunities for educational, recreational and economic purposes in the Village of Ottawa and surrounding areas. GDC believes developing the mitigated flood properties around the Village to promote these opportunities is important for the future of the Village.
The Greenspace Development Committee (GDC) was formed after a workshop at the Putnam County Educational Service Center. This group is working to identify and prioritize potential uses for buyout sites in the Village and develop a strategy to make it all happen. Rex Center Park | Ark Stage is the first project completed by the GDC & the West End Soccer Fields were just completed in 2020! Currently, the GDC is working towards developing Arrowhead Park - a highly visible area with informal access to the Blanchard River.
This group meets the 1st and 3rd Wednesday of each month at 2:00 p.m. If you have any suggestions or comments that you would like the committee to address, please contact Tim Macke at email@example.com or call the Village office at 419-523-5020.
The committee meeting minutes are available.
The Rex Center & Ark Stage is the first project completed by the Greenspace Development Committee


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A spot for me to blog on life in my garden, where I grow things, read things, drink tea and ponder. An important principle for me is living a simple life - to live simply so that others may simply live
Wednesday, August 3, 2011
Paris in July - Final Post
For me, I still have three more weeks here in Europe, mostly in France, and that should include another visit or two to Paris. I will, without a doubt, post more aboout the things I'm discovering in France - see keep your eyes open...
I have two other posts planned already - for July I read 'An Englishman in Paris' - review to come, and I want to post also about some exhibitions I've seen here in Montpellier....
Again, I'd like to join Karen at Bookbath, and say Thankyou so much for joining us in this journey - we've been overwhelmed and excited by the passion people have for this topic. It's been awesome and we must do it again sometime..
5 comments:
- Meredith said...
Thank you, dear Tamara, for the lovely challenge. I absolutely loved every part of it, from the photographs to the food to the reviews to the ambiance of Paris felt all the way here in les Etas-Unis. Have a wonderful, blessed vacance for your last few weeks!
- August 3, 2011 at 6:49 AM
- Karen said...
Hi T - enjoy your last few weeks in Europe - can't wait to hear all about your trip when you get back (and we can start planning Paris in July 2012!!) xox
- August 3, 2011 at 8:12 AM
- Joan Hunter Dunn said...
Thank you too for organising it. I love how easy and relaxed it is and look forward to next year -.where I really shall attempt to make macarons!
- August 4, 2011 at 6:40 PM
- Brenda G. Spalding said...
Thank you, Tamara, I had a fun time participating in the Paris in July challenge. Hopefully, you have enjoyed your time in Europe. I am hosting a challenge in September: Southern Belle Challenge. Please pass the word. Thanks again! See you again next year!
My blog is http://www.curlingupwithagoodbook.com
:) Brenda Spalding
- August 10, 2011 at 12:00 PM
- Jeanie said...
I definitely will post more on Paris, both on The Marmelade Gypsy and Chopsticks and String. And I'm going back next spring -- so of course, I'll be asking questions about favorites, too!
Eager to hear more from you!
- August 19, 2011 at 9:32 AM


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Pho Toan Thang, FlemingtonMonday, September 29, 2014
People naturally gravitate towards queues. Perhaps it's curiosity. Or perhaps it's the intrinsic human need to be where the crowds are, to feel included and in the know. Either way, a queue outside a restaurant indicates more often than not that it is one that you should visit. If you have the time and stomach capacity to wait, that is.
At Pho Toan Thang in the inner west Asian hub of Flemington, you will find a queue snaking outside the restaurant, tucked inside an arcade, every day. Some times, if you arrive early enough, you may be rewarded with a short queue, perhaps only two or three groups long. Or if you're really lucky there may be no queue at all. This Vietnamese-Chinese restaurant is well known among the local community for its cheap, consistently delicious food and fast turnover. So don't let the line deter you, it simply indicates a level of popularity and cult-like following signals a good feed. It's not the kind of place you would take someone for a good chat or catch-up, but rather the eatery you would turn to for a quick, low-cost but extremely filling, satisfying meal.
Don't be deterred either by the though of sharing a table, this is one of the many reasons why turnover is so fast. Another reason is that meals are brought out at a lightning pace, good for any grumbling tummy. Serving sizes are relatively large, but normal for an Asian restaurant, as most dishes on the menu aren't really designed to share.
Conquer the lines during rush hour and you'll enter the restaurant to medium sized space filled with four and six seater tables, every space filled with people slurping over steaming bowls of silken noodles or chomping away on deep-friend pork shops. Some have with them icy cold slushy-like drinks of bright colours, others sipping on the essential complimentary tea. The menu is plastered on the walls in Chinese and English, a drooling mix of noodle soups, rice dishes, and 'Vietnamese cuisine' dishes. This is an eatery where service is fast but may seem rushed at times; this is simply a characteristic of the restaurant's personality.
Rare beef rice noodle soup ($9)
Many come here for the pho, a huge bowl of silky thin rice noodles and thin mounds of rare beef swimming in a perfectly balanced, intensely flavoured beef soup. This is one of the best phos we've tasted in Sydney, and a favourite whenever we visit. Top it with provided bean sprouts, Vietnamese mint and a squeeze of lemon.
Pork Chop with Dried Vermicelli ($9.50)
Another favourite of ours is the Vermicelli salad, listed 'dried vermicelli' on the menu, that is topped with a golden pork chop or, on another visit, a combination of spring rolls and grilled pork. The pork chop is crunchy with all its deep-fried goodness, cut into manageable-sized pieces and sprinkled with a mound of spring onion and chopped peanuts for a layer of texture and crunch. Underneath the nest of vermicelli lies a salad of lettuce, julienned carrot and cucumber and bean sprouts. The pork and spring roll version comes with grilled lemongrass pork, and whole spring rolls that lend a hot (in temperature), peppery and crunchy texture to the vermicelli. Pour over the nuoc cham dressing that arrives on the side, a refreshing balance of salty, sweet and a hint of chilli, mix up the whole salad, and enjoy a healthy, satisfying meal. This is one of my favourite Vietnamese dishes for its combination of fresh and fried.
Toss it up!
Satay Chicken Rice Noodle Soup ($9)
Dad always tends towards the Satay Noodle Soup, a noodle soup that he rates as one of his favourites of all the satay noodle soups ever. This always seems to come in a bowl that is a little too small for its contents, containing a thick, spicy red satay soup, slippery rice noodles, capsicum and long pieces of chicken breast and soak up the slightly tomato-flavoured broth.
Crispy Chicken with Tomato Sauce Rice ($10.50, above is with boiled rice)
Another classic is the fried chicken on rice, typically served with tomato rice but on this occasion boiled rice.There is always an excess serving of rice, value for money as the chicken is quite large too. It's salty, crunchy, golden and perfection in chicken form, topped with shallots and with a slice of tomato, cucumber and a lettuce cup on the side. This also comes with nuoc cham for dipping.
Wonton Noodle Soup ($9.50)
Wonton Noodle soup is a stalwart of Chinese cuisine, something I always love to order for its clean, tasty broth and bundles of yellow prawn and meat joy. At Pho Toan Thang you can order this in soup or dry-style, we've tried and loved both on different occasions. There is a choice of noodles with the soup version, I like to opt for egg noodles for their bite and flavour. The soup is delightfully seasoned and flavoured, not too salty but not too bland, and there are around six to eight wontons bobbing about amongst the huge mound of noodles, lettuce, sliced fish cake, fresh and fried shallot and rubbles of chicken mince. The mince is a thoughtful addition that I surprisingly love, for the texture and slight flavour it adds to each mouthful. What I've learnt from Mum is to make a concoction of soy sauce and the minced chilli paste they have as condiments, and dip the wontons into this. Heaven.
Wonton Noodle Soup dried style ($9.50)
The dry version, Wonton kon lo mein (attempted Cantonese-English transcription), comes in a deep bowl with a small bowl of the broth on the side. The sweet sauce it is mixed in is flavoursome and licks the surface of every slippery noodle, although comes as a much smaller serving compared to the soup form.
Beef Brisket Noodle Soup ($9.50)
Beef Brisket noodle soup is another one of my all time favourite noodle soups, the Cantonese style with tendon and spices and all. This version is spicy, without the tendon and with a much beefier-flavoured soup. The chunks of beef are slightly fatty and tender.
Seafood egg noodle, dried style ($13.50)
Seafood stir noodles (dry style) are like a seafood version of the dry wonton mein, not unlike the stir noodles you can find at most yum cha restaurants. Egg noodles are tossed in a tasty sauce that includes dark and light soy and oil, laced with bean sprouts and sliced shallot and fried prawns, squid and scallops. Delicious.
Every dish that we've tried on the menu at this restaurant is absolutely delicious. This, with the combination of fast service, huge servings and cheap prices, is what makes Pho Toan Thang so popular for authentic Vietnamese and Chinese food, in a suburb in the inner west where there is no shortage of like restaurants. We've been coming to this place for as long as I remember and it's mostly been the same people running it all these years, surely they must hold the secret to success.


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[caption id="attachment_10045" align="alignleft" width="518"] The Dynamic of Representation: The Narrative Pattern in William Faulkner's Short Stories[/caption]
Mrs. N. Kanmani
Assistant Professor
Department of English
University Engineering College
Anna University, Kanchipuram
Dr. Amutha Pandian
Government Arts College for Men (Autonomous), Nandanam, Chennai
Faulkner's achievement as a fiction writer is massive. Faulkner's novels have too often been read not as fiction but as realistic accounts, with the notion that they represent only slightly distorted pictures of southern rural and small-town life.
Carothers is of the opinion that Faulkner's stories and novels have been praised and condemned for their lack of realism or of historical or sociological accuracy, and they have been praised and condemned for their realism, their sociological and historical authenticity (1984). Either way, it is made clear that their realism, social and historical authenticity is the criteria that have weighed in the criticism of Faulkner. This paper analyses a short story in the light of a unifying narrative pattern Encounter, Termination and Initiation Proper.
In several of Faulkner's short stories one can find that the circumstances or environment make a woman repress her natural drive for love and sex. This has a relation to the narrative complex in question. Sally. R. Page's (1973:94-5) remark that Faulkner presents heroines whose idealistic drive for complete fulfilment in physical love results in the isolation and death may be true of "Elly", in which the protagonist is driven to perverse sexuality by her grandmother's repressive control.
The title character of the story "Elly" is a self-obsessed young woman, who, obviously, is a victim of self-pity and over-indulges in sexuality which is a wild defiance of her grandmother's stern prohibitions. Elly engages in sexual play nightly but consistently refuses the final act which would make her lose her virginity. She returns home hating the acts but exulting in her revenge her grandmother:
She thinks I did and she will tell that I did, yet I am still virgin. She drove me to it, and then prevented me at the last moment (Collected stories: 211).
But things have totally gone against her when Elly met Paul in the shrubbery near her home. She surrenders herself to Paul de Montigny physically:
That night Elly quitted the veranda for the first time. She and Paul were in a close clump of shrubbery on the lawn; in the wild close dark for that instant Elly was lost, her blood aloud with desperation and exultation and vindication too, talking inside her at the very brink of surrender loud as a voice: I wish she were here to see! I wish she were here to see! (Collected Stories: 211).
But Elly's coming into contact with Paul, a mullato young man, is the point of encounter that leads to greater consequences in the narrative and the life of Elly herself. First of all, this encounter terminates her virginity and secondly her romances with other young men. This intimate relationship with Paul paves the way for certain complications. Elly desires to marry Paul so that she can bring the final outrage to the tradition her grandmother represents. So she begs Paul to marry her. But Paul refuses politely and firmly:
That afternoon she met Paul downtown, 'Was everything all right last night? He said. 'Why, what' is it? Did they-'
No Paul, marry me, they were in the rear of the drugstore, partially concealed by the prescription counter, though anyone might appear behind it at any moment. She leaned against him, her face wan, tense, and her painted mouth like a savage scar upon it. Marry me or it will be too late, Paul.
I don't marry them, Paul said. Here pull your self together (Collected Stories: 212).
Elly tries to persuade Paul but he sticks to his decision strongly perhaps because he is aware of the fact that Elly uses him sexually just as he is willing to use her and also perhaps because he is aware of the racial and personal consequences of a black marrying a white:
'Yes. All right. I've stopped. You won't, then? I tell you it will be too late'. 'Hell no. I don't marry them. I tell you'. 'All right. Then its good-bye. Forever'.
'That's O.K. by me too. If that's how you feel. If I ever see you again, you know what it will mean. But no marrying. And I'll see next time that we don't have any audience' (Collected Stories: 213).
A week later Elly is engaged to Philip, an assistant in a bank, whom she had known from childhood. In the mean while, the grandmother has departed to visit her son in Mills city. And Paul and Elly leave for Mills city to bring back the grandmother. The grandmother is infuriated when she finds Paul and Elly together again.
The complication reaches its height when Elly tries to kill her grandmother though Paul is not for that. In Mills city too, Elly begs Paul to marry her. But he refuses. Elly is made to realise that Paul will never marry her. This revelation makes her pull the steering wheel of the car in which she, Paul, and the grandmother are riding, causing it to careen over the edge of the road. Elly is thrown free of the wreck but the other two are killed in that homicidal impulsive act.
Here, the self-realisation of Elly that Paul will not marry her and that her protest cannot triumph over convention could be considered the point of initiation. But initiation seems to be altogether out of the question because violence that leads to murder cannot be considered a meaningful beginning and the impulse to outrage is not a door to a fresh life. As Alice Hall Petry remarks:
"Elly" is an extraordinarily complex story. Its two female characters are intended simultaneously to be flesh-and-blood individuals, doubles, manifestations of id and superego, and symbols of the Old South and the New; and this complexity increases geometrically as these four roles shift and interact constantly, thereby mutually enriching and illuminating one another. Clearly this story…..
…. So, too "Elly" uses the tragedy of murder to exhort the New South to be receptive to the best of the Old. Despite its tragic ending, therefore "Elly" is ultimately a hopeful story; as the romantic glow of the Old South dims considerably in its pages. So too Faulkner's insistence upon doubleness holds out at least the possibility of hope for the New (Cited in Minrose Gwin. The Feminine and Faulkner 1990:231-32).
Thus the story "Elly" present its protagonist's initiation as existential isolation or seclusion. Though the protagonists in these stories reach a state of seclusion, the way by which they reach it conveys the reasons for their fall.
Elly, a young-belle meets her fall through her wild and aggressive acts, from the beginning itself. Elly is in conflict with her grandmother and her Southern tradition, both of which severely inhibits Elly's normal sexual initiation.
Elly cannot proscribe her grandmother. Elly wants to be free from her grandmother's repressive control (the wild acts are in defiance against Ailanthia), but she finds she cannot be free. Later, Elly tries to marry Paul, but he is not for marrying Elly. Against Elly's intention, she is engaged to Philip. In all these acts Elly meets with nothing but frustration. This frustration leads her to commit the homicidal act of killing Paul and her grandmother. Elly's violative acts are spring from her frustration and her lack of courage to act.
Hence, her frustration and violation cannot be deemed the point of initiation. There had been encounter and termination, but initiation does not follow. Further investigations in detail would give the readers a deep insight.
Works Cited
- Brooks, Cleanth, William Faulkner: The Yoknapatawpha Country. – New Haven, Connecticut: Yale Univ. Press, 1963. Print.
- Brooks, Cleanth, William Faulkner: the Yoknapatawpha Country. New Haven: Yale Univ. Press, 1976. Print.
- Faulkner, William. Collected Short Stories. Random House: New York. 1950. Print.
- Ferguson, James. William Faulkner's Short Stories. University of Tennessee Press: Tennessee. 1991. Print.
- Frohock, Wilbur Merril. The Novel of Violence in America. London: Barker, 1959. Print.
- Gwin, Minrose, C. The Feminine and Faulkner: Reading (Beyond) Sexual Difference. Tennessee. University of Tennessee Press. 1990. Print.
- Malin, Irving. William Faulkner: an Interpretation. – Stanford, California: Stanford University Press. 1957. Print.
- Nordanberg, Thomas. Cataclysm as Catalyst: The Theme of War in William Faulkner's Fiction. – Uppsala: University Press. 1983. Print.
- O'Connor, William Van. The Tangled Fire of William Faulkner. – Minneapolis: Minnesota University Press. 1954.
- Vickery, Olga W. The Novels of William Faulkner: a Critical Interpretation. Baton Rouge, La: Louisiana State Univ. Press, 1964. Print.
- Waggoner, Hyatt Howe, William Faulkner: from Jefferson to the World. Lexington: University of Kentucky Press. 1959. Print.


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Pastor Craig Caster is the founder and director of Family Discipleship Ministries. He began as a lay minister at Calvary Chapel El Cajon working with married couples and youth ministry in 1985. At that point in his life, Craig was the vice president of a large developing company in San Diego, California. Early in the year of 1992, the Lord began to reveal the vision for the ministry of FDM, and, in January of 1993, Craig left his career for full-time ministry. In 1994, Family Discipleship Ministries became a non-profit ministry in San Diego, California, and Craig was ordained in 1995 by Calvary Chapel. Read More…
Miguel Rivera
Pastor – International Outreach
Miguel spent 28 years serving in Law Enforcement in the state of California. He has a Bachelor's Degree in Biblical Studies and is currently studying at Southern California Seminary to earn his Master's Degree in Science and Religion. Since 2010, Miguel has traveled internationally, teaching at Family Leadership and Training Conferences with FDM, serving as our International Outreach Pastor. Miguel also currently serves as a Deacon at Shadow Mountain Community Church.


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Growth Trends for Related Jobs
When cutting ties between an employer and a worker, the end of the relationship is often met with a severance package to ease a worker's transition to something new. Severance is usually calculated based on the number of weeks served with the company. Understanding what the average severance pay is can help you know what to expect and how to negotiate a better deal for yourself.
Severance Components
Cash payments are not the only components of the average severance package and in some cases, the other benefits you receive can amount to more than your final check. Severance packages may include any number of benefits depending on the company, industry and employee's position. For example, some may have cash, healthcare and job search assistance components while others may provide workers with office equipment, stock options and life insurance coverage. Still others may grant the former employee two weeks of pay and a letter of recommendation. The details of any package vary according to company policy and your own bargaining power.
Getting Severance Pay
Severance packages are most often offered when you accept a job offer. They are considered part of your compensation package and any inclusions should be discussed before you sign on with a new company. Companies are not obligated to give you any severance at all unless it is part of your employment contract although some may choose to extend the courtesy to long-term workers or those with high rank in the company. However the average employee works without a contract and will receive nothing at all at her time of dismissal.
Average Severance Pay
In most cases companies base the number of weeks severance pay you get on the number of years you have been an employee. The standard formula is two weeks of severance per year of work although it can vary according to company policy. In general, the average maximum number of weeks is 26 for a non-executive and between 6-and-12 months for an executive. As a general rule, larger companies tend to offer larger severance packages and employees with higher standing in the company tend to be given more of a sendoff.
Angling for More
Companies are free to offer workers severance at the time of a layoff, retirement, or release as a result of a company restructuring, even if they did not negotiate one when hired. In return they may ask the worker to sign a confidentiality or non-competition contract that restricts her actions once she's left. If this is the case, the average severance guidelines are out the window. Depending on her time with the company and her knowledge of its inner workings, she may be able to negotiate something more substantial for herself before signing the release and promising to restrict her actions.
Photo Credits
- Hemera Technologies/PhotoObjects.net/Getty Images


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Sneakers from the Puma x Helly Hansen collaboration.
Founded in Norway in 1877, Helly Hansen are renowned for their professional-grade ski and sailing gear. The debut of PUMA x HELLY HANSEN brings together PUMA's streetwise sensibilities and Helly Hansen's performance technicality – creating a unique collection designed to escape the ordinary. City meets nature. Street meets mountain and sea. And '90s-inspired graphics meet present-day styling. Step out of your everyday routine and into PUMA x HELLY HANSEN.
Worldwide: 200 NOK (approx. 24 USD).
Europe: 150 NOK (approx. 16 EUR).
We handle all taxes and duties for you, no surprises! This service is included in the shipping price.
Norway: Calculated at checkout.
Dapper Oslo ships internationally with DHL Express and in Norway with Bring. We do our best to ship as quickly as possible and your order is usually sent from our store the same day. Your package will be fully trackable and delivered within 1-3 days after being sent from us.
To return an item, please contact us at email@example.com
We strongly advise you to check items thoroughly upon receipt before removing any attached tags, or disposing of any original packaging. Please notify us immediately by email if you receive any item which is defective, damaged or missing original tags/packaging.
If you wish to return an item, you can either ship it back to us with the carrier of your choice, or contact us to purchase a DHL return label for 150 NOK. We recommend that you return any items with a trackable shipping method as we cannot be responsible for untracked returns not arriving.


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Master of Landscape Architecture
Teaching Assistantships
The Department of Landscape Architecture offers 15-20 competitive, 25-percent time, Teaching Assistantships per academic year. Generally, students must have a 3.5 GPA or better to be considered. Benefits include salary, tuition benefits and the Graduate Assistant Health Insurance Plan.
TA responsibilities differ by course, but may include: assisting with critiques, maintaining course websites, grading papers and exams, researching course materials, helping with lecture presentations, proctoring exams, and leading discussion sessions.
The Department offers Teaching Assistantships for a number of courses, from undergraduate drawing courses to graduate technical courses. We match our students' strengths and preferences to courses.
Thanks to our generous donor support, the department also offers the following competitive fellowships to our top students. Applicants interested in financial assistance should:
- Obtain information from the Director of Graduate Studies,
- Specify need in the Letter of Intent.
Ager Fellowship
This gift was founded by distinguished alumnus, Xiaowei Ma (MLA 1998). Ma is the founding principal of Ager Group, an international multidisciplinary design firm offering integrated services in urban planning, landscape architecture, and architecture. This gift demonstrates Mr. Ma's commitment to the Department's role in educating leading professionals by supporting outstanding graduate students for global practice.
Steven Andrews Fellowship
This gift honors the memory of Steven Andrews, who received a Master of Landscape Architecture degree in 2004. Steven was held in high esteem by faculty and classmates alike and provided leadership to his studio classmates. The fellowship is awarded to deserving students who demonstrate academic achievement, design accomplishments and, above all, leadership—especially leadership that demonstrates caring action—to peers, the department, and/or the community.
A. Dale Chapman Fellowship
The Chapman Forestry Foundation awards annual scholarships to students in the landscape architecture program. Criteria for this award includes: full-time undergraduate students going into 3rd, 4th, or 5th year of the design studio sequence with a minimum 3.0 overall GPA, full-time entering or continuing graduate student majoring in landscape architecture, an active member of the student chapter of the American Society of Landscape Architects the previous academic year, and possible consideration of financial need.
Founders Fund Graduate Fellowship
The intent of the gift is to honor all founders of the department of landscape architecture, including key volunteers and donors Herb Baldwin, Roger Clemence, and Roger Martin. The Fellowship will be awarded annually to deserving student(s) through the department head, or through the department head's agent, such as the director of graduate studies or a departmental scholarship committee.
Girard K. Gray Fellowship
This fund supports architecture and landscape architecture students enrolled in graduate programs who demonstrate unique collaborative design leadership expertise in working with fellow students, faculty, the profession, or the public. Collaborative leadership is defined as the demonstrated ability to lead other individuals, to discover creative and outstanding architectural and/or landscape architectural design alternatives which leverage the input of diverse groups, expertise, and/or points of view for the betterment of the ultimate design solution.
Clinton N. Hewitt Prize
Clinton Hewitt has contributed 30 remarkable years to the University of Minnesota as a professor and campus planner. During that tenure, he involved superb landscape architects on every possible project. His passion for campus planning and design and his talent for communicating the success of a university through adherence to a campus master plan. Through that dedication, he has greatly expanded the understanding of the impact of landscape architecture. His equally important legacy is his helping many other minority designers achieve success. His leadership is celebrated through the establishment, by friends and colleagues, of the Clinton N. Hewitt Fellowship—an award given to students with exceptional potential in the field of landscape architecture.
The Edmund J. Phelps Memorial Fund
Edmund J. Phelps Memorial Fund is dedicated to developing students who are capable of: exploring the relationships of design, planning, and management to environmental quality and person-environment experiences; and creating and managing quality environments for human use and enjoyment. The Fund aids student(s) in the pursuit of graduate education in landscape architecture. The Landscape Architecture faculty and the Phelps Fund Advisory Committee selects recipients based on: academic record of the applicant, statements of intent in pursuing graduate education in landscape architecture at the University of Minnesota, letters of reference, the ability of the applicants to pursue graduate studies without financial assistance.
The Jo Tushie Endowed Fellowship
This gift honors the memory of Jo Tushie, whose work with the firm Tushie Montgomery exemplified her belief that "imagination is more important than knowledge." The purpose of the fellowship is to assist Master of Landscape Architecture professional degree students who demonstrate academic achievement and design accomplishments or potential in the spirit of "imagination is more important than knowledge."
Kopischke-Westwood Graduate Fellowship
The Kopischke-Westwood Graduate Fellowship in Landscape Architecture would like to honor the memory of University of Minnesota landscape architecture alumnus and Westwood principal, Greg Kopischke, who held a Bachelor of Landscape Architecture and Bachelor of Environmental Design from the University of Minnesota. The fellowship assists deserving graduate students in the landscape architecture program.
Research Assistants in Practice
The Research Assistants in Practice is a unique program that embodies our mission of advancing landscape architecture through community engagement. Research Assistants in Practice receive the same benefits as a traditional RA—salary, tuition benefits, and health benefits—as well as the opportunity to apply knowledge while acquiring real world experience. The ability to work directly with a non-profit organizations, government agencies, or firms sets the RAs in Practice apart from conventional research assistantships.
Although the details of each assistantship will differ in the type of work depending upon the agency, RAs in practice can expect to:
- Research on administrative framework, emerging policy, societal needs, and process trends.
- Participate in interdisciplinary professional collaboration on multifunctional landscape efforts.
- Perform basic day-to-day project work in the support of the firm/agency.


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Career Advantage
Career Advantage: a program designed for busy adults
Complete your associate degree in two years, attending classes two nights each week. The Career Advantage program is ideal if you have work and family commitments and may not otherwise be able to complete a traditional degree program. This program is recommended if you are:
- more comfortable with a group of adult students and are not coming directly from high school.
- working and prefer the convenience of night classes and online coursework.
- a parent and need flexibility while caring for your family.
- interested in online learning with the support of classroom-based courses.
- ready to advance or change your career.
- Health Information Technology (A.A.S.): With this degree, you can pursue careers in medical transcription, medical coding, medical insurance, and records management. Available on the Jamestown Campus, Cattaraugus County Campus, and North County Center.
- Human Services (A.A.S.): This degree prepares you for roles in social work, human services, counseling, psychology, and other related fields. Available on the Jamestown Campus, Cattaraugus County Campus, and North County Center.
The Career Advantage program is designed for you to be a full-time student in the fall and spring semesters and part-time over the summer. Your credit hours each semester may vary if you have prior college credits that apply toward your degree.
|Cost and financial aid
Estimated total program costs: $16,702 for New York state residents
Payment plans are available.
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Research Article | Open Access
Mohamed E. Seliaman, "Optimizing the Two-Stage Supply Chain Inventory Model with Full Information Sharing and Two Backorders Costs Using Hybrid Geometric-Algebraic Method", Journal of Optimization, vol. 2013, Article ID 519180, 5 pages, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/519180
Optimizing the Two-Stage Supply Chain Inventory Model with Full Information Sharing and Two Backorders Costs Using Hybrid Geometric-Algebraic Method
We consider the case of a two-stage serial supply chain system. This supply chain system involves a single vendor who supplies a single buyer with a single product. The vendor's production rate is assumed finite. In addition, the demand at the buyer is assumed deterministic. In order to coordinate their replenishment policies and jointly optimize their operational costs, the two supply chain partners fully share their relevant information. For this purpose, we develop an integrated inventory replenishment model assuming linear and fixed backorders costs. Then, we use a hybrid geometric-algebraic method to drive the optimal replenishment policy and the minimum supply chain total cost in a closed form.
1. Introduction
Supply chain integration is concerned with functional integration and coordination among the supply chain partners. In an independently managed supply chain, each member in each stage will optimize his own operational costs in a decentralized fashion. Generally, it has been realized that such managerial independence of the supply chain partners may increase the imbalance between demand and supply. Such independence also has been recognized as direct cause of increased costs. This pushed firms towards the full integration of the supply chain resources and the proper coordination of decisions. Researchers report that closer collaboration among the chain partners, increased level of information sharing, and high level of coordination of various decision processes lead to improved customers service and reduced costs. The significant advances in information and communication technologies facilitated the provision and sharing of the business information necessary for efficiency improvement. This, in turn, facilitated the development in the integrated supply chain management.
In recent years, numerous articles in supply chain modeling have addressed the issue of inventory coordination. Banerjee [1] introduced the concept of joint economic lot-sizing problem (JELS) for the case of a single vendor and a single purchaser under the assumption of deterministic demand and lot for lot policy. Since then, numerous articles in supply chain modeling focused on the integrated vendor-buyer inventory models and the joint economic lot-sizing problem [2–4]. An extensive review of integrated models which deal with the interaction between a buyer and vendor is presented in [5]. This review classified the literature dealing with the integrated models into four main classes. The first class represents models which deal with joint economic lot sizing policies. The second class characterizes models which deal with the coordination of inventory by simultaneously determining the order quantity for the buyer and the vendor. The third class is a group of models which deal with integrated problem but do not determine simultaneously the order quantity of the buyer and the vendor. The last class represents models which deal with buyer-vendor coordination subject to marketing considerations. In the following, we provide an overview of selected relevant models.
Goyal and Szendrovits [6] presented a constant lot size model where the lot is produced through a fixed sequence of manufacturing stages, with a single setup and without interruption at each stage. A one-vendor multibuyer integrated inventory model was developed in [7] with the objective of minimizing the vendor's total annual cost subject to the maximum cost that the buyer may be prepared to incur. The single-vendor multibuyers integrated inventory model was revisited by [8] where he relaxed the constraint of equal-sized shipments of [9] and suggested that the shipment size should grow geometrically.
The idea of producing a single product in a multistage serial production system was extended by [10] to deal with equal and unequal sized batch shipments between stages.
Several benefits of coordinating inventory decisions and sharing related information have been reported in the supply chain management literature. The investigation by [11] on the bullwhip effect in supply chains reported that lack of information sharing can lead to excessive inventory, poor customer service, lost revenues, unplanned capacities, and ineffective logistics. They recommend avoiding managerial independence by integrating various supply chain functions. They also recommend that firms need to device strategies that lead to smaller batches or frequent replenishments. Exchange of substantial quantities of information among the buyer, supplier, and carrier can increase the efficiency and effectiveness of the supply chain [12]. Coordinated replenishment can significantly reduce inventory. Inventory reductions have a significant impact on supply chain activities. Lower inventory levels increase operating revenues and reduce the need for costly facilities [13].
The centralized, coordinated replenishment policy and the decentralized replenishment policy in a two-echelon, multiitem supply chain were investigated in the model developed by [14]. This model determined the optimal common replenishment cycle for end items and the integer multiples of the common replenishment cycle for raw materials. Analysis showed that a centralized, coordinated replenishment policy was always found to be superior to the decentralized replenishment policy in terms of cost reduction, especially when major setup costs were high.
Most of these reviewed research articles used differential calculus to drive the optimal solutions for the integrated production inventory models. However, a recent line of research focused on easier solution methods for the optimization of these types of systems [15, 16]. For example, [17] introduced the use of algebraic optimization approach to the EOQ model with no backorders. Reference [18] used algebraic procedure to the EPQ formula taking shortages into consideration within the case of only one backlog cost per unit and time unit. Reference [19] considered an integrated three-stage inventory system with backorders. They formulated the problem to derive the replenishment policies with four-decision-variables algebraically. Their model was later extended by [20] to include a fourth stage.
The popularity of the algebraic approach for the optimization of production inventory models could be due to the fact that it requires basic knowledge of simple elementary mathematics [21]. An exhaustive literature review on the use of algebraic optimization methods in the development of production inventory systems is presented in [21]. Interested readers are referred to the more recent relevant models presented in [22, 23].
In this paper, we develop a two-stage supply chain inventory model under two types of backordering costs. This model is an extension of [19], which considered only a single stage inventory system. The hybrid geometric-algebraic solution method described in this paper contributes to the trending research that uses nontraditional derivatives based methods. The main purpose of this direction of research is developing useful supply chain models that can be understood and used without the knowledge of differential calculus [19]. To the best of the authors' knowledge, there is no model in the literature of multistage supply chain modeling that used algebra and analytical geometry to drive optimal production-inventory coordination decisions with linear and fixed backorders costs.
The remainder of this paper is organized as follows. The next section presents the notation and assumptions made for developing the model. Section 3 describes the development of the model. A numerical example illustrating the model application is presented in Section 4. Section 5 contains some concluding remarks.
2. Notations and Assumptions
2.1. Notations
The following notations are used in developing the model:: basic cycle time, cycle time at the end buyer,: setup cost for the buyer,: the demand rate for the buyer,: setup cost for the vendor,: integer multiplier at vendor, : inventory holding cost per unit time for the buyer,: inventory holding cost per unit time for the vendor, : the stock-out time at the buyer,: backordering cost per unit per unit time (linear) for the buyer,: per unit backorder cost (fixed) for the buyer.
2.2. Assumptions
The following assumptions are made for the two-stage supply chain model:(a)a single product is produced by the vendor and transferred to the buyer;(b)replenishment is instantaneous;(c)production rate and demand rate are deterministic and uniform;(d)a lot produced by the vendor and sent in equal batches to the buyer;(e)complete information sharing policy is adopted; (f)there are two types of backorders costs.
3. Model Development
We consider a two-stage serial supply chain consisting of a single vendor and a single buyer. This supply chain model is formulated for the integer multiplier inventory replenishment coordination mechanism, where the cycle time at the vendor is an integer multiple of the inventory replenishment cycle time used by the buyer. Shortages are allowed for the end buyer. The buyer's cost consists of the inventory holding cost, the shortage costs, and the setup cost. Figure 1 shows the inventory pattern for the buyer.
As we can see from Figure 1, the total annual cost for the buyer is given by This total annual cost can be rewritten as The total costs at the vendor side are made of three parts. The first part is the cost of carrying inventory of raw materials as they are being converted into finished products during the production portion of the cycle. The second part is the cost carrying inventory of the finished products during the nonproduction portion of the cycle [2]. The third part is the setup cost. Therefore, the total cost for the vendor is The total cost for the entire supply chain is This cost model can be rewritten in the following form: where For a fixed replenishment cycle length , (5) can be optimized with respect using the concept of parabola as in [21]: Substituting (7) in (5), we get This can be further rewritten as Substituting and in (9), we have Now, applying the algebraic procedure proposed by [16] and extended by [20], the annual total cost for the entire supply chain in (9) can be represented by factorizing the term , and completing the perfect square, one has After further factorization, we get It is worthy pointing out that (12) reaches the minimum with respect to when setting Hence, the optimal batch size is Now, for the entire supply chain, the minimum annual total cost is given as The optimal batch size is a function of the integer multiplier . We use the method of perfect square to drive the optimal value of this integer multiplier. Substituting for and into (15), we get where , , , and .
Rewriting (16), we get From (17), setting the optimal value of the integer multiplier is derived as follows: Since the value of is a positive integer, the following condition must be satisfied: Now, we can substitute from (19) into (14) to find the optimal cycle time size . This optimal value of is used to get from (7). Also, substituting from (19) into (17) derives the optimal annual total cost in the following closed form:
4. Numerical Example
In this section, we present a numerical example to illustrate the application of developed solution procedure. The relevant data is shown in Table 1. In addition to this data, it is also assumed that holding cost for the raw material at the vendor is .
By applying the developed hybrid geometric-algebraic method in the previous section, the results of this example are presented in Table 2.
5. Conclusion
In this paper, we considered a two-stage supply chain inventory model for coordinating the inventory policies between a vendor and a buyer with full information sharing and planned backorders. We used a hybrid geometric-algebraic method to drive the optimal replenishment policy and the minimum supply chain total cost in a closed form. The described model can be used by the two parties to get benefits of sharing their information and synchronizing their inventory replenishment cycle. The hybrid geometric-algebraic solution method described in this paper contributes to the trending literature that uses nontraditional derivatives based methods.
One clear limitation of the developed model is the assumption of known deterministic demand. Considering a real-world case and relaxing the restrictive model assumptions are good direction for further research. Also, the use of this hybrid geometric-algebraic method for the development of more complex generalized multistage nonserial supply chain inventory models is considered for future research.
The author would like to acknowledge the support for this research provided by the Deanship of Scientific Research: King Faisal University under Grant (14045).
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Copyright © 2013 Mohamed E. Seliaman. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.