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Scars are the result of the cutaneous wound healing process that leads to fibrosis and altered skin morphology. All wounds heal with some degree of scar formation, and a variety of different scars can develop following surgery, trauma, and cutaneous inflammatory processes.[1] Scars can have significant cosmetic, physical, and psychological impacts on patients, prompting many to seek treatment. Various treatment modalities have been utilized, with increasing evidence demonstrating the efficacy of lasers in improving different varieties of scars, including keloids, hypertrophic scars, atrophic scars, and acne scars.[2]Modern advancements in laser technology have enhanced the ability of laser devices to improve the appearance, symptoms, texture, and pliability of all scar types.
Scar formation occurs due to cutaneous dermal injury and is under the influence of various etiologic factors: genetic predisposition; depth, type, and location of the skin injury; the degree of tension; local infection or inflammation; and hormonal influences.[3][4]
Hypertrophic scars and keloids characteristically demonstrate abnormal fibroblast proliferation and excessive collagen production in response to a range of skin injuries, often arising with a familial tendency.[5] Hypertrophic scars and keloids occur most commonly in those ages 10 to 30, with males and females equally affected.[4] Keloids occur with a higher prevalence in African-American, Hispanic, and Asian populations with an incidence of 4 to 16%.[6]
Hypertrophic scars are the result of excessive collagen synthesis with insufficient collagen lysis during the remodeling phase, which leads to the formation of thick, hyalinized collagen bundles of fibroblasts and fibrocytes.[5] In keloids, increased production of transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta results in a prolonged proliferative phase of wound healing and significantly increased collagen synthesis by fibroblasts.[7]
In contrast, atrophic scars are characterized by dermal depressions that develop as a result of collagen destruction induced by cutaneous inflammation.[8] This type of scar commonly occurs in inflammatory diseases, such as acne vulgaris, varicella, and lupus, but may also be the result of surgery or trauma. Atrophic scars occur most commonly in patients with acne vulgaris, which affects up to 80% of those ages 11 to 30.[2] Atrophic scars are three times as common as keloids or hypertrophic scars[9]. Atrophic scars result from diminished deposition of collagen factors due to an imbalance between the synthesis of scar matrix components and their degradation by proteases.[9]
Indications for laser scar revision include atrophic, hypertrophic, and keloid scars in patients who desire an improvement in scar appearance and texture.
Hypertrophic scars are red or pink, firm, raised scars that remain within the border of the initial injury. They form within the first month after the initial injury and may regress over time.[2] Keloids are pink to purple, nodular, firmer scars that extend beyond the margins of the original wound. They may occur weeks to years after the initial injury and do not regress spontaneously.[2] Atrophic scars subclassify into ice pick, boxcar, and rolling scars. Ice pick scars are narrow, deep, sharply marginated tracts that taper to a point at the base and extend vertically to the deep dermis or subcutaneous tissue.[2] Boxcar scars are round to oval depressions that are wider than ice-pick scars with sharply demarcated vertical edges. Rolling scars are wider than icepick or boxcar scars and characteristically show an undulating appearance of the skin due to abnormal fibrous tethering of the dermis to the subcutis.[9]
Contraindications to laser therapy include the use of oral retinoids within the past year, pregnancy or breastfeeding, immunosuppression, connective tissue disorders, and the presence of any concomitant skin disease at the site of treatment. It is important to elicit information regarding herpes simplex virus (HSV) history so prophylactic antiviral therapy can commence before the laser treatment.
Scars should be thoroughly evaluated using a combination of clinical assessment and patient history to guide the appropriate treatment plan. Scars should be categorized as hypertrophic, keloidal, atrophic, or conventional. History of the scar should be obtained to elucidate the age of the scar, previous scar treatments, and type of preceding trauma, surgery, or inflammatory process. The patient's Fitzpatrick skin phototype should be a consideration.
Pictures and measurements taken before each laser treatment can assist in monitoring progress and response to treatment. Scars should be clinically assessed at each visit, documenting pigmentation, pliability, and height of the scar.
Application of a topical anesthetic (e.g., a cream) to the scar should take place between 30 and 60 minutes before beginning treatment. The treatment area should be cleaned with an antiseptic solution before delivering laser treatment.
Laser scar revision utilizes photothermal energy to target intra- and extra-cellular structures within scar tissue to stimulate eventual remodeling of dermal collagen and elastin.
Various types of lasers have been utilized in the treatment of scars since the 1980s, beginning with continuous-wave argon, CO2, and Nd:YAG 1064 lasers, followed by the application of PDL and Er:YAG lasers for scar revision.[10] Most recently, fractional photothermolysis with ablative and non-ablative fractionated lasers have found use as effective treatments for scars.[2]
For hypertrophic scars and keloids, the most common non-ablative laser has been the pulsed dye laser (PDL: 585 to 595 nm).[2] PDL is effective in improving the vascularity, pliability, color, and height of hypertrophic scars and keloids.[11] Previous studies have reported a 57% to 83% improvement in clinical appearance and texture of hypertrophic scars after one to two PDL treatments.[12]
For atrophic facial scars, the most commonly used non-ablative lasers are Nd: YAG and 1450-nm diode laser. One study reported an improvement of 40 to 45% with 1320-nm Nd: YAG or 1450-nm diode laser treatment after an average of three consecutive monthly treatment sessions, as assessed by patient satisfaction surveys, histologic evaluations, and skin texture measurements.[2] Non-ablative lasers have minimal downtime and produce gradual results, with the most significant improvement noted between 3 and 6 months following the final laser treatment.[2]
Non-ablative fractional lasers (NAFL) have been shown to significantly improve the pigmentation and thickness of surgical scars, atrophic scars, hypertrophic scars, and hypopigmented scars.[13] A study by Tierney et al. comparing 1550-nm NAFL to 595-nm PDL for the treatment of surgical scars showed that NAFL outperformed PDL and 83% of patients preferred the half of the scar treated with a non-ablative fractional laser.[13][14] A study by Niwa et al. examined NAFL in the treatment of hypertrophic scars and found 26% to 75% clinical improvement after two to three treatment sessions done at 4-week intervals.[10]
Ablative laser resurfacing, with CO2 or Er: YAG lasers, has been shown to be effective for traumatic and surgical scars, especially when resurfaced within 6 to 10 weeks after trauma or surgery or even immediately after surgery.[15] CO2 and Er:YAG lasers are also effective for atrophic scars due to their ability to smooth scar texture and stimulate collagen production within facial atrophic scars,[16] although patients must consider the potential for significant downtime as re-epithelialization typically takes 4 to 7 days with Er: YAG and 7 to 10 days with the CO2 laser. While requiring more downtime, ablative lasers usually produce a higher degree of clinical improvement.
For acne scars, previous head-to-head studies have suggested that CO2 laser produces superior results while Er: YAG is better tolerated with less downtime.[17] Raised scars and shallow boxcar scars improve the most with laser resurfacing, while icepick scars are more challenging to treat and may necessitate secondary resurfacing.[15] Non-ablative lasers are also useful for acne scars.
More recently, fractional ablative laser resurfacing has emerged as a popular treatment modality for atrophic and surgical scars. In fractional ablative resurfacing, columns of thermal damage, called microscopic thermal treatment zones, are separated by surrounding untreated skin, resulting in rapid re-epithelialization and reduced downtime as only a fraction of skin is altered.[18] The microthermal treatment zones also allow fractional lasers to penetrate the skin more deeply than fully ablative lasers.[19] A double-blinded split-scar study by Tidwell et al. reported a significantly superior outcome with fractionated Er: YAG compared to fully ablative Er: YAG for surgical scar revision, with 94% of patients preferring the side of the scar treated with fractional ablative resurfacing.[19] Another study showed fractional CO2 laser to be effective in treating atrophic traumatic scars in 70% of patients treated with six monthly sessions of fractional CO2 laser treatment.[18]
Adverse effects of non-ablative laser options are generally mild and include transient erythema, which resolves within 24 hours. Blistering, crusting, scarring, and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation are rare and occur most commonly in darker skin types.[2] The most frequently encountered side effect of PDL treatment is post-treatment purpura lasting for up to one week.[20]
Non-ablative fractional resurfacing laser adverse effects include mild to moderate pain during treatment, and erythema and edema post-treatment lasting up to two to four days.[15]
Side effects of ablative laser resurfacing include temporary burning discomfort, oozing, crusting, ulceration, erythema, edema, acneiform eruptions, eczematous dermatitis, and infections.[15] Long-term adverse effects include dyspigmentation and scarring.[18] Erythema and edema typically worsen within the first 24 to 48 hours after treatment, with erythema occasionally lasting up to 4 months post-treatment. One study reported an average duration of post-treatment erythema for one month.[21] Transient postinflammatory hyperpigmentation occurs 2 to 4 weeks after treatment and is more common in darker skin phototypes. In a study of patients with Fitzpatrick skin types III to V, 45.5% developed transient hyperpigmentation that resolved within three months in 90% of affected patients.[21]
Fractional ablative laser resurfacing adverse effects are generally transient and less severe than with fully ablative resurfacing.[20][18] Erythema, crusting, burning sensation, edema, and bruising were reported after fractional CO2 laser treatment.[18] Persistent erythema and postinflammatory pigmentary changes are less common complications when compared to fully ablative skin resurfacing.[18]
Laser therapy for the treatment is an effective and safe treatment modality for multiple types of scars. Several studies have demonstrated high patient satisfaction rates with the cosmetic outcome of various laser treatments. The emergence of fractional ablative laser devices has led to superior outcomes with decreased downtime compared to traditional fully ablative lasers, thereby increasing the appeal of laser treatment for patients. In addition to making existing scars less noticeable, laser therapy can also be used prophylactically to minimize post-operative scarring.[11] For symptomatic scars, lasers can reduce pruritus and pain. Lastly, laser treatment can increase the range of motion of debilitating scars that restrict movement.
Scar revision using laser technology is an interprofessional process that involves the interplay of the primary caregiver, nurse practitioner, surgeon, and a dermatologist, with a special interest in aesthetics in order to achieve the best possible outcome for the patient. Primary healthcare professionals should refer patients with scars to a board-certified dermatologist or plastic surgeon with the necessary medical expertise and specialized knowledge in treating scars with lasers. A medical consultation to review the patient's overall health, comorbidities, skin type, and scar characteristics is essential to treat a scar effectively. The outcomes of patients with scars are variable. While in some cases, skin aesthetics can improve cosmesis, lasers themselves can cause several complications that can worsen the appearance of scars. Hence, laser therapy for scars requires professionals with experience with this device. The nurse has a crucial role to address the patient's fears and concerns before the day of surgery and assists the clinician in providing education for the patient. A follow-up of laser therapy in scar treatment requires an interprofessional approach with liaison between the dermatologist and nursing staff with specialized training in dermatology, as the nurse may well be the initial point of contact and education for follow-up care. This team approach can ensure the best possible patient outcomes. [Level 5]
Ensure that the patient gives informed consent and is aware of the potential complications of the laser. In addition, the nurse should note the site of the surgery and also record the findings in the chart.
|English RS,Shenefelt PD, Keloids and hypertrophic scars. Dermatologic surgery : official publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et al.]. 1999 Aug; [PubMed PMID: 10491047]
|Khatri KA,Mahoney DL,McCartney MJ, Laser scar revision: A review. Journal of cosmetic and laser therapy : official publication of the European Society for Laser Dermatology. 2011 Apr; [PubMed PMID: 21401378]
|Alster TS, Laser treatment of hypertrophic scars, keloids, and striae. Dermatologic clinics. 1997 Jul; [PubMed PMID: 9189679]
|Niessen FB,Spauwen PH,Schalkwijk J,Kon M, On the nature of hypertrophic scars and keloids: a review. Plastic and reconstructive surgery. 1999 Oct; [PubMed PMID: 10513931]
|Wolfram D,Tzankov A,Pülzl P,Piza-Katzer H, Hypertrophic scars and keloids--a review of their pathophysiology, risk factors, and therapeutic management. Dermatologic surgery : official publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et al.]. 2009 Feb; [PubMed PMID: 19215252]
|Robles DT,Berg D, Abnormal wound healing: keloids. Clinics in dermatology. 2007 Jan-Feb; [PubMed PMID: 17276198]
|Shah M,Foreman DM,Ferguson MW, Neutralising antibody to TGF-beta 1,2 reduces cutaneous scarring in adult rodents. Journal of cell science. 1994 May; [PubMed PMID: 7929624]
|Tanzi EL,Alster TS, Laser treatment of scars. Skin therapy letter. 2004 Jan; [PubMed PMID: 14716440]
|Fabbrocini G,Annunziata MC,D'Arco V,De Vita V,Lodi G,Mauriello MC,Pastore F,Monfrecola G, Acne scars: pathogenesis, classification and treatment. Dermatology research and practice. 2010; [PubMed PMID: 20981308]
|Niwa AB,Mello AP,Torezan LA,Osório N, Fractional photothermolysis for the treatment of hypertrophic scars: clinical experience of eight cases. Dermatologic surgery : official publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et al.]. 2009 May; [PubMed PMID: 19389105]
|Nouri K,Rivas MP,Stevens M,Ballard CJ,Singer L,Ma F,Vejjabhinanta V,Elsaie ML,Elgart GW, Comparison of the effectiveness of the pulsed dye laser 585 nm versus 595 nm in the treatment of new surgical scars. Lasers in medical science. 2009 Sep; [PubMed PMID: 19572180]
|Keaney TC,Tanzi E,Alster T, Comparison of 532 nm Potassium Titanyl Phosphate Laser and 595 nm Pulsed Dye Laser in the Treatment of Erythematous Surgical Scars: A Randomized, Controlled, Open-Label Study. Dermatologic surgery : official publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et al.]. 2016 Jan; [PubMed PMID: 26673432]
|Tierney E,Mahmoud BH,Srivastava D,Ozog D,Kouba DJ, Treatment of surgical scars with nonablative fractional laser versus pulsed dye laser: a randomized controlled trial. Dermatologic surgery : official publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et al.]. 2009 Aug; [PubMed PMID: 19250300]
|Tierney EP,Eisen RF,Hanke CW, Fractionated CO2 laser skin rejuvenation. Dermatologic therapy. 2011 Jan-Feb; [PubMed PMID: 21276157]
|Alexiades-Armenakas MR,Dover JS,Arndt KA, The spectrum of laser skin resurfacing: nonablative, fractional, and ablative laser resurfacing. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 2008 May; [PubMed PMID: 18423256]
|You HJ,Kim DW,Yoon ES,Park SH, Comparison of four different lasers for acne scars: Resurfacing and fractional lasers. Journal of plastic, reconstructive [PubMed PMID: 26880620]
|Alexiades M, Laser and light-based treatments of acne and acne scarring. Clinics in dermatology. 2017 Mar - Apr; [PubMed PMID: 28274357]
|Keen A,Sheikh G,Hassan I,Jabeen Y,Rather S,Mubashir S,Latif I,Zeerak S,Ahmad M,Hassan A,Ashraf P,Younis F,Saqib N, Treatment of post-burn and post-traumatic atrophic scars with fractional CO{sub}2{/sub} laser: experience at a tertiary care centre. Lasers in medical science. 2018 Jul; [PubMed PMID: 29473114]
|Tidwell WJ,Owen CE,Kulp-Shorten C,Maity A,McCall M,Brown TS, Fractionated Er:YAG laser versus fully ablative Er:YAG laser for scar revision: Results of a split scar, double blinded, prospective trial. Lasers in surgery and medicine. 2016 Nov; [PubMed PMID: 27426441]
|Graber EM,Tanzi EL,Alster TS, Side effects and complications of fractional laser photothermolysis: experience with 961 treatments. Dermatologic surgery : official publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et al.]. 2008 Mar; [PubMed PMID: 18190541]
|Lee SJ,Kang JM,Chung WS,Kim YK,Kim HS, Ablative non-fractional lasers for atrophic facial acne scars: a new modality of erbium:YAG laser resurfacing in Asians. Lasers in medical science. 2014 Mar; [PubMed PMID: 23793338]


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Project Update
Today is Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, and tomorrow is the inauguration of our nation's first president of African origin. These are momentous times for hoarders and non-hoarders alike.
As we continue to make progress on this Hoardhouse project, it is important to give you, our readers, an update on where this effort is headed. We are finalizing the designs for the eventual Hoardhouse website, which we will launch in mid-March. Thus, in two months time, this blog layout will be replaced by a fully loaded multimedia site organized thematically (the hoarders, the clean-up specialists, the social workers, and the experts).
We are always open to suggestions about our material and our mission. As we continue to cover a topic that can be controversial and sensitive for many people, we realize that empathy and understanding are key to doing the best possible reporting. This has been and will remain a process of learning about the psychological and social facets of a highly complex phenomenon.
While we have certainly logged some solid footage thus far, it seems that much of our most meaningful work lies ahead. Also, at this point, while we conduct the rest of our reporting and production, the ultimate feel of our site is still somewhat nascent.
In terms of our most recent reporting, we have decided to shift how our blog reflects what we learn. Some of our posts thus far have included our opinions and speculations about hoarding. We are now interested in blogging more factual material about our goings-on, even if we have become more restrained with how much detail is revealed about the particular hoarders that we meet.
Our coverage of Catherine in New Jersey will continue, although we are concerned about her medical and legal situations.
Each of the three Hoardhouse group members attended three different Clutterers Anonymous (CLA) meetings in Manhattan this past week. We plan on returning to these CLA chapters in the West Village, Union Square, and Times Square. We are cultivating relationships with a number of folks that we've met at these meetings. It has been somewhat of a challenge to present ourselves candidly as journalists, when the conventional expectation at any 12-step Anonymous meeting (even if considered an "open" meeting) is that all attendees are part of the "fellowship."
There is a relatively small minority of CLA attendees who appear reluctant to share their thoughts if they perceive that their full anonymity and confidentiality are threatened by the presence of a journalist or researcher. However, we have found that the vast majority of attendees were comfortable with our journalistic inquiries, as long as we explained our goals. Yet, some hoarders and clutterers (we are still ascertaining the difference between the two terms) fear that we have voyeuristic intentions. We always reiterate that our aim is to be informative, thorough, and transparent.
In sum, our project has been fulfilling and challenging thus far. We will continue to pose the difficult questions about our subject matter. Some of the bigger picture questions that we seek to resolve include: does hoarding deserve its own DSM classification when it is generally comorbid with other disorders? Why did so many people start hoarding in the 1980's? Do most New Yorkers know at least one hoarder? Could there really be 5 million hoarders in America?
We look forward to engaging with our readers and viewers over the coming months.
Happy Inauguration Day!

subset: commoncrawl


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Maintenance is very important to keep your boat running the way it should. This means you will need to use high quality parts for your boat when you need to replace one of them. You should never believe that all boat parts are basically the same. The quality of the manufacturing process is very different. Therefore the same part made by two companies can have a very different level of quality. You need to be very smart when you are doing your shopping for boat parts. Here are a few tips to make your shopping go a bit easier.
1. Pay a visit to some boat mechanics in your area to get their advice on where to buy parts.
Mechanics will often know the best places to pick up discount boat parts. Therefore, it would be in your best interests to seek these people out and find out what they have to say. There is a good chance that they will know some great places to buy boat parts that the average person will not know about. You have nothing to lose and everything to gain by talking to many boat mechanics in your area.
2. Look for blogs that focus on boat maintenance.
There are many blogs that are focused on topics related to boats. You will be able to find a great deal of info about how to take care of your boat. There will be lots of info about boat maintenance and the parts you should use. Make a note of the brands that these blogs recommend so you will be able to look for them later.
3. Consider buying parts that have a reputation for excellence.
There are certain brands of boat parts that many people have trusted for decades. This means that these parts must have a level of quality that other manufacturers cannot match. This is why you need to do your homework and find out which brands are generally considered to be the best. Parts that have some sort of warranty should always be purchased if they are available.


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- This event has passed.
Broadwater ward Surgery
October 10 @ 11:00 am - 12:30 pm
|Recurring Event (See all)
An event every month that begins at 11:00 am on day Second of the month, repeating until 22nd November 2020
An event every month that begins at 11:00 am on day Fourth of the month, repeating indefinitely
2nd and 4th Saturday of every month 11-12.30 (no parking restrictions) at the Labour Hall 119 Lyndhurst Rd, BN11 2DE. Come and chat to your Labour councillors about any concerns. Other activities such as coffee mornings, community activities and food bank collection may occur at the same time. Please message 07485161685 ahead if possible


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This post has a featured image on the header!
Everyone has a special childhood moment that they remember. Like for me, I had a great childhood. All of the things I did were great and most of all fun. My best memory from my childhood was that I got to sing in front of a lot of people. Being the first time on stage was the best memory for me ever. Especially with my father being right there by me.I remember the crowd chanting it made me feel like if I was already famous. I enjoyed being on stage dancing and singing with my twin brother. We were only 6 years old when we performed at the Ford Motor Company in Dearborn for The Hispanic Culture.
Music is my passion, it makes me feel calm whenever I'm mad. After I sang on that stage for the first time, I started doing some other performances. It wasn't my last time being on stage. Also together with my twin brother doing dance competitions as well.My family is all involved in music. As a result of my childhood performance presently I perform with my father in his own salsa band. I am able to perform in front of many people without being shy. Music is my inspiration and I am glad that I can inspire many people through my singing.
I had an amazing childhood!
Seriously, it was amazing!
Therefore, In my conclusion I will say that I had an amazing childhood memory. Me singing and performing for the first time. Secondly, How I had my family there also made it the best childhood memory for me. I enjoy music and music will always be my passion. There is nothing more that I love then just listening and playing to music. Me performing and singing while I was only 6 years old, made me the person that I am today. That is a singer and performer, something that I will always enjoy doing for the rest of my life.


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Future Primitive and Other Essays
|John Zerzan
|United States
|Anthropology, political economy
Anarchy: a Journal of Desire Armed
Publication date
|December 1, 1994
|Media type
|192 pages
|Preceded by
|Elements of Refusal
|Followed by
|Running on Emptiness
Future Primitive and Other Essays is a collection of essays by anarcho-primitivist philosopher John Zerzan published by Autonomedia in 1994. The book became the subject of increasing interest after Zerzan and his beliefs rose to fame in the aftermath of the trial of fellow thinker Theodore Kaczynski and the 1999 anti-WTO protests in Seattle.[1] It was republished in 1996 by Semiotext(e), and has since been translated into French (1998), Turkish (2000), Spanish (2001), and Catalan (2002).[2] As is the case with Zerzan's previous collection of essays, Elements of Refusal, Future Primitive is regarded by Anarcho-Primitivists and technophobes as an underground classic.[3]
Future Primitive is an unequivocal assertion of the superiority of the hunter-gatherer lifestyle.[4] Zerzan rejects the thesis that time and technology are neutral scientific realities, arguing instead that they are carefully constructed means of enslaving people.[5] He cites as examples the computer and the Internet, which he maintains have an atomizing effect on society, creating novel divisions of labour, demanding ever increasing efficiency and portions of leisure time.[5] Life prior to domestication and agriculture, Zerzan argues, was predominantly one of "leisure, intimacy with nature, sensual wisdom, sexual equality and health".[6] In the Paleolithic era, as The Wall Street Journal summarized Zerzan's thesis, "people roamed free, lived off the land and knew little or nothing of private property, government, money, war, even sexism. In the wild, the shackles of civilization weren't necessary, as people were instinctively munificent and kind, the primitivist argument goes."[7]
See also[edit]
- ^ Campbell, Duncan (April 18, 2001). "Anarchy in the United States". The Guardian. Guardian Media Group. Retrieved 2008-10-06.
- ^ Works by or about Works by or about John Zerzan in libraries (WorldCat catalog)
- ^ Noble, Kenneth B. (May 7, 1995). "Prominent Anarchist Finds Unsought Ally in Serial Bomber". The New York Times. The New York Times Company. Retrieved 2008-10-06.
- ^ Gowdy, John (1998). Limited Wants, Unlimited Means. Washington: Island Press. p. 220. ISBN 1-55963-555-X.
- ^ a b Veseth, Michael (2002). The New York Times Twentieth Century in Review: the Rise of the Global Economy. New York: Routledge. pp. 515. ISBN 1-57958-369-5.
- ^ Bookchin, Murray (1995). Social Anarchism or Lifestyle Anarchism. Stirling: AK Press. p. 39. ISBN 1-873176-83-X.
- ^ Waldman, Peter (December 6, 1999). "An Anarchist Looks to Provide Logic To Coterie Leading WTO Vandalism". The Wall Street Journal. Dow Jones & Company. Archived from the original on March 11, 2016. Alt URL
External links[edit]
- Future Primitive and Other Essays at Libcom.org


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This has been submitted to the Lake County Record-Bee
It's Not Easy Being Green: The Top Five Green Stories for 2012
Tis the season for looking back on the previous year; here are my picks for 2012's top environmental stories plus a bonus story:
1. California's Cap and Trade Program Begins.
As U.S. CO2 emissions hit a 20 year low, the California Air Resources Board began its cap and trade program by auctioning off allowances of one metric ton of CO2 equivalent (greenhouse gas – GHG). The goal of the California Global Warming Solutions Act (AB32), signed by Governor Schwarzenegger in 2006, was to bring statewide emissions down to its 1990 levels by 2020. Depending on who spun the story, the first auction, which raised significantly less revenue, than projected, was a qualified success or a fool's errand.
There are two more auctions to go, but the nonpartisan Legislative Analyst's Office estimates that the state may expect less than one-third of lawmakers' budget projections.
2. California's Proposition 37 Ballot Initiative to Label Food Developed Using Transgenic (Genetically Modified) Methods Defeated.
While Europe looks longingly at the U.S. for our lack of labels on genetically modified crops, a ballot measure was solidly defeated that would have legislated more stringent requirements than Europe. Still, groups continue to fight to have labels placed on food that the Food and Drug Administration maintains is virtually identical to food that was developed through crossbreeding methods.
In other news, in October, Syrian President, Bashar al-Assad whose regime has slaughtered more than 33,000 people, issued a ban on GM food "to preserve the health of human beings."
3. Earth Summit – Rio + 20.
Some 50,000 people including world leaders, bureaucrats, non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), and others converged on hedonistic Rio de Janeiro last June to consider how to "reduce poverty, advance social equity and ensure environmental protection on an ever more crowded planet to get to the future we want."
Since the data show those things happening without them, they cancelled their trips and did things that were more productive. Not.
4. Italian Scientists Sentenced for Failing to Predict Earthquake.
The Italian courts sentenced six Italian scientists and a civil servant to six years in prison and $10 million in fines for failing to communicate the magnitude of risk before the 2009 L'Aquila earthquake that ultimately killed 309 people. The prosecution contended that people were ill prepared due to the seven downplaying earthquake risk following several minor tremors in the area.
Expect scientists and civil servants now to err with reports of direr consequences for any and all events. One-tenth inch of light rain predicted? Close all roads and evacuate the county. We cannot be too cautious now can we?
5. Extreme Weather Events.
From the U.S. drought to megastorm Sandy, it was a year of proofs in the media that catastrophic global warming is occurring due to our releasing carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gasses into the atmosphere. BusinessWeek ran an article, "It's Global Warming, Stupid."
Time magazine had an article that said, "In Africa, drought continues for the sixth consecutive year, adding terribly to the toll of famine victims. [Recent] record rains in parts of the U.S., Pakistan and Japan caused some of the worst flooding in centuries."
The Time article was written in 1974…about a coming Ice Age.
"Extreme events, like the recent U.S. drought, will continue to occur, with or without human causation," John R. Christy, PhD, Alabama State Climatologist stated in testimony to congress. Roger Pielke Jr., professor of environmental studies, notes, "Flooding has not increased [in the United States] over the past century, nor have landfalling hurricanes." Pielke adds that, even with this year's drought, droughts have decreased over the past 100 years.
Because our climate and our earth's weather have always been in flux, preparedness is our best strategy. Just like earthquakes, extreme weather events happen from time to time. We have seen them in the past; we will see them in the future.
6. Bonus story: December 21, 2012 – The Mayan Apocalypse.
The Mayan calendar ended on the winter solstice in 2012, which, naturally meant the world was ending then. Did you really think that a people who did not predict the conquistadors' invasion could predict the end of the world?
See you next year.
Sources/Further Reading:
- Is Weather More Extreme In A Warmer World? The Answer is in the Ice. (EnergyTribune.com)
- The Birth of Carbon Pricing and Delivering California's First 'Climate Dividend' (http://www.huffingtonpost.com/mike-sandler/california-carbon-pricing_b_2205089.html?ncid=edlinkusaolp00000003)
- Today's Tornado Outlook: High Risk of Global Warming Hype http://www.drroyspencer.com/2011/05/todays-tornado-outlook-high-risk-of-global-warming-hype/
- Guest Commentary: Climate spin is rampant – The Denver Post http://www.denverpost.com/opinion/ci_21752735/climate-spin-is-rampant#ixzz2FR3VI9aN
- "Another Ice Age?" Time. June 24, 1974 http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,944914,00.html#ixzz2FhLcAdhM
- "First cap-and-trade auction a bust for California budget." November 21, 2012. http://blogs.sacbee.com/capitolalertlatest/2012/11/first-cap-and-trade-auction-a-bust-for-california-budget.html


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How do you decide what book to read next? Do you follow blogs and websites dedicated to reviewing and recommending the latest bestsellers? Do you get recommendations from friends or prefer roaming the aisles of the bookstore looking for inspiration? Perhaps you are an e-reader fan and leisurely scroll through the on-line bookstore.
I do all of the above, but I also like to choose books that are off the radar. Maybe ones that are a little older, even those discarded in yard sales or second hand shops. When I was a teenager, I would head downtown with two of my closest friends and we would find three paperback books that we all liked, each would buy one and then we'd trade until we all got to read three books for the price of one.
Here are a few of my favourite recent reads that have been out for a couple of years (some a little more than that) but are still enjoyable.
Secret Daughter by Shilpi Somaya Gowda tells the tale of an Indian woman's desperation to save the life of her newborn baby girl in the Mumbai culture that favours sons, as well as the story of an American doctor whose only option for motherhood is to adopt. This story is told from the point of view of both women independent of each other and is such a beautiful and thought provoking read.
Empty Cradle by Diana Walsh is an emotional true story about the abduction of the writer's newborn baby from her hospital room in the mid 90's. I remember this event being on the news and never dreamed that I would, years later, meet Diana and read her story.
The Silent Wife by A.S.A. Harrison is a psychological thriller told in alternating paragraphs by both sides of a troubled married couple, bitter to the very end. An impossible to put down read!
Still Missing by Chevy Stevens draws you into an abducted realtor's nightmare as she re-lives it through sessions with her therapist. This is such a fantastic debut novel from this author that I have been hooked and have read everything she has written.
Intensity by Dean Koontz is by far the most chilling novel I have read in a very long time. Certainly not new to the charts (my old paperback edition is dated 1995), but worth picking up if you like a good thriller. A story of survival and courage, you will be on the edge of your seat as Chyna, the main character, fights her way out of the deadly trap set by a murderous sociopath.
Mother, Mother by Koren Zailckas tells a dysfunctional family's story from the point of view of two of the three children. In families, sometimes things are not what they seem, and alcoholism and drug addiction partnered with an overwhelming need to be controlling play a role in the downward spiral.


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bySamori Benjamin
[audio src="http://wbaisports.com/audio/05 Track 5.mp3"]WBAISPORTS speaks with Rutgers University head basketball coach Vvivian C. Stringer about building a basketball program at Rutgers that can compete with perennial powerhouse, and big-east rival, uconn, as well as perennial powerhouse University of Tennessee, who Rutgers lost to in the 2007 championship game. Uconn Tennessee have combined for 13 national championship titles since 1987.
©2007–2020 WBAISports.com


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The game is split into two parts: one resembles an RPG, featuring various locations that Mark and his team have to explore in order to get new items, face several other players in short casual battles or to advance further in the story. The second part is the actual match: using the stylus, the player moves the soccer team around against the opposing team. The player can dodge opponent's attacks, slide-tackle to take the ball away, or use a special ability available to the characters they recruited to kick, steal and catch the ball. The result of any of his players actions are determined by seven skills, the player's affinity, and the total number of players participating in an action. Special abilities can not only be stopped with other abilities, meaning that they will most of the time win against basic tactics but not always. Super shots and Super keeps play simultaneously, which means that unlike defending the ball they always consume.
We will only notify you about the most important info & release updates
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Inazuma Eleven was released on 3DS 2441d ago in the US.
February 13, 2014Confirmed


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Motorcade in Baku celebrates worthy candidate's victory in presidential election (PHOTO)
Baku, Azerbaijan, April 11
By Vugar Imanov - Trend:
The New Azerbaijan Party and the Azerbaijan Automobile Federation (AAF) have organized a motorcade to celebrate the victory of worthy candidate in the presidential election in Azerbaijan.
The motorcade consisting of about 100 off-road cars started from the Heydar Aliyev Center.
The cars that took part in the motorcade moved along the following route: Heydar Aliyev Center - Heydar Aliyev Avenue - Yusif Safarov Street, 28 May Street - Bul-Bul Avenue - Khagani Street - Azadlig Avenue - Zarifa Aliyeva Street - Neftchilar Avenue - State Flag Square - Neftchilar Avenue - Yusif Safarov Street - Heydar Aliyev Avenue - Koroglu Metro Station - Heydar Aliyev Avenue - Gulara Gadirbekova Street - Heydar Aliyev Center.
Members of the New Azerbaijan Party and the AAF took part in the motorcade.
The participants of the motorcade drove through the central streets of Baku holding placards and slogans in support of the presidential candidate from the New Azerbaijan Party Ilham Aliyev.


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Any Country
Work schedule:
Below times are all in Beijing Time (GMT+8)
Availability within the times shown below would be required
Mon — Fri: Between 6pm-9:10pm
Sat — Sun: Between 8:30am-9:10pm
Job Description:
• Teaching group ESL lessons online to Chinese kids 5-12 years old
• Group classes with up to 25 students are available for exceptional teachers with excellent internet connection and computer hardware.
• A wide variety of courses available including phonics, test-prep, etc.
• Working from anywhere with a computer and stable internet connection
• Pre-job training and on-board training provided
• BlingABC provides all the curriculum, so our teachers can be more focused on teaching
Basic Requirements:
• Native speakers from USA, UK, Australia, Canada
• A Bachelor's degree or above
• Must be a holder of TEFL/TESOL/CELTA or State/provincial teaching license (still valid)
• 1 year teaching experience in K-12, or ESL experience of young learners
• Wired, high speed internet connection
• Punctual, good communication skills and easy-going
• A well-balanced, flexible and adaptable nature
• A demonstrated respect of the values, cultural differences and expectations of the Chinese parents
Salary and Benefits:
• $24 – $27/hr according to qualifications, $26-$29/hr with bonus
• $30-$38 for 1 vs 15 or more classes after additional trainings and meeting specific requirements
• Set classes semester by semester allows you to see your students' progress
• Long term schedule allows you to plan ahead
• Our team will support you throughout the application process as well as term of employment
Receive updates and hear the latest from Teacher Tee by signing up to our mailing list today!


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While electric motorcycles are increasingly viable, the dream of alternative fuels that are safer and cheaper than petrol continues. But will any work? Bikesure takes a look at some possible future fuels. You'll have doubtless heard the stories that the mysterious they who control these things are suppressing knowledge of an engine that runs on... Read more »
Post from the Bikesure Blog blog


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Don't Forget Thursday's Wine Dinner
Posted on by admin
Don't forget to join us this Thursday, August 1 at 6:30 P.M. to kick off August with our Montevina Terra d'Oro Wine Dinner!
Enjoy a sampling straight from Amador County, California- a region known for its unique "Shenandoah spice."
- Montevina California Pinot Grigio '12
- Terra D'oro Amador County Barbera '10
- Terra D'oro Amador County Sangiovese '10
- Terra D'oro Amador County Zinfandel '10
- Terra D'oro Amador County "Deaver Ranch" Zinfandel '11
- Terra D'oro Sierra Foothills Moscato '11
Executive Chef Simon DeJohn prepared a special menu to compliment the wines including Stuffed Prawns, Duck Trio, Wild Mushroom Tart, Veal Medallions with Eggplant, Peppers and Mozzarella, and Raspberry Orange Sabayonne.
Tickets are $89 per person – excluding Taxes & Gratuity.
We hope to see you there!
Click here to make a reservation.
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Today's contestants:
|Jerry Vinokurov, a software developer from Pittsburgh, PA
|Stephanie Hunt, a graduate student from Highland Park, NJ
|Buzzy Cohen, a music executive from Los Angeles, CA (1-day total: $33,601)
There have been a few people who have been greatly anticipating this matchup. Alex Jacob, for one:
Eyes on Jerry on #Jeopardy tomorrow night. He has the quizbowl pedigree of Matt Jackson plus like ten(?) years of life experience. Dangerous
— Alex Jacob (@whoisalexjacob) April 26, 2016
Jerry went for a $6,400 True Daily Double and hit it to get a commanding lead going into Final!
Scores going into Final Jeopardy:
Jerry $16,400
Buzzy $9,400
Stephanie $5,000
Final Jeopardy! category: LITERARY QUOTES
Final Jeopardy! clue: More than once this 1897 novel quotes from Deuteronomy, "The blood is the life"
What is Dracula? (Jerry said Ger…)
Stephanie 5000 + 4995 = 9995
Buzzy 9400 + 7001 = 16401 (2-day total: $50,002)
Jerry 16400 – 2401 = 13999
From the book, over at Project Gutenberg:
Dr. Seward's Diary.
17 September.—I was engaged after dinner in my study posting up my books, which, through press of other work and the many visits to Lucy, had fallen sadly into arrear. Suddenly the door was burst open, and in rushed my patient, with his face distorted with passion. I was thunderstruck, for such a thing as a patient getting of his own accord into the Superintendent's study is almost unknown. Without an instant's pause he made straight at me. He had a dinner-knife in his hand, and, as I saw he was dangerous, I tried to keep the table between us. He was too quick and too strong for me, however; for before I could get my balance he had struck at me and cut my left wrist rather severely. Before he could strike again, however, I got in my right and he was sprawling on his back on the floor. My wrist bled freely, and quite a little pool trickled on to the carpet. I saw that my friend was not intent on further effort, and occupied myself binding up my wrist, keeping a wary eye on the prostrate figure all the time. When the attendants rushed in, and we turned our attention to him, his employment positively sickened me. He was lying on his belly on the floor licking up, like a dog, the blood which had fallen from my wounded wrist. He was easily secured, and, to my surprise, went with the attendants quite placidly, simply repeating over and over again: "The blood is the life! The blood is the life!"
I cannot afford to lose blood just at present; I have lost too much of late for my physical good, and then the prolonged strain of Lucy's illness and its horrible phases is telling on me. I am over-excited and weary, and I need rest, rest, rest. Happily Van Helsing has not summoned me, so I need not forego my sleep; to-night I could not well do without it.
(contestant photo credit: jeopardy.com)
(When commenting, please note that first-time commenters may have their comments held in moderation by WordPress. Also, all comments should be either positive in nature or have to do with gameplay.)


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More business professionals want to know how to use video marketing to boost sales. With the growth of mobile devices used in search, as well as the fact that YouTube is now the second largest search engine in the world, video marketing is no longer an option to generate more leads and boosting sales.
Video gives you the opportunity to reach and engage with more potential customers by allowing them to understand you and your business, as well as feeling comfortable with your product or service. This is particularly crucial for small, local businesses. Forrester Research Group says, "video is 53 times more likely than text pages to appear on the first page of a search engine." Optimized for geo-specific keywords, a small business can gain a competitive edge with their local marketing efforts by using video. Knowing how to use video marketing to boost sales is no longer optional for any business desiring to reach their best customers.
Use Video to Introduce New Products Or Services To Target Audiences
One of the most important aspects in any business is the launch of a new product or service. Any busiess needs that new product to resonate on and to gain traction among consumers. Moreover, speed is imperative when launching any new product or service. Video marketing is a highly effective method to any business accomplish this. Companies and entrepreneurs asking themselves how to use video marketing to boost sales need to immerse themselves into the technologies and methodologies of this marketing platform.
This is especially true for companies with technical, intricate, or niche products or services. Simply put, it can be extremely difficult to communicate what your product is and what makes it so unique only with written copy. Video represents a game changer in how one communicates a UPS. Creating a video in which you actually show your new product in action, allowing consumers to immediately get an idea of what it is and what benefits it offers, is a simple and effective marketing tool. Video narration can be added to explain your product or service in further detail. When looking to launch a new product, consider seriously about developing an introductory video, along with press releases, emails, social media posts and announcements from your company blog.
How To Use Video Marketing To Boost Sales
- According to Retail Touchpoints, the Step2 Company found that shoppers who viewed video were 174% more likely to purchase than viewers who did not. (Retail Touchpoints Channel Innovation Awards, 2012)
- Visitors who view product videos are 85% more likely to buy than visitors who do not. (Internet Retailer, April 2010)
- Ice.com found that viewers who chose to view video converted at a 400% increase over those who did not. Ice.com also credits video with decreasing returns by 25%. (Internet Retailer, December 2009
- Here are 25 amazing video marketing statistics that you should check out.
Different Types of Video Marketing
Here are the different types of video marketing that any company or entrepreneur should consider:
- Promotional: Showcase your products and services
- Testimonies: Highlight your talents by showing clients raving about you
- Thought Leadership: Offer new or practical information that your industry desires
- How-To: Educating you prospects on how they can best utilize your product or service
- Product Information: Explains new features, benefits, solutions, and common uses
- Entertainment: Utilize video to tap into the wide array of human emotions and needs
Some Tips On How To Use Video Marketing To Boost Sales
Here are some great tips from seasoned professionals on how to use video marketing to boost sales and reach a wider, more engaged audience.
"Make a video about something in your industry, something funny or newsworthy. YouTube can drive a huge amount of traffic to your site, but not if your video is some boring video just about your business. People don't want to just hear about you; they are searching for funny, valuable, interesting videos. That's what's going to bring you traffic in the end." – Ben Lang | Founder, Mapped In Israel
"Unless you're shooting a professional video, don't be afraid to be a little imperfect. Know what you're going to talk about, rehearse, then go with it. Don't worry about cutting out every imperfection. Real is relatable and honest. It works. Instead of over thinking things, focus on getting your message across in a real and honest way, even if it includes a few 'um's.'" – Matt Cheuvront | Founder/CEO, Proof Branding
"Great online videos make clear in the outset what will be discussed within. If you start the video by just diving in to the content, it won't be clear to viewers what they'll be getting out of it. Use an outline format, like an essay, to communicate at the start of the video what the viewer can expect to learn." – Doreen Bloch | CEO & Founder, Poshly Inc.
"Rather than creating a purely promotional video about your product or service, create several educational videos on topics relevant to your industry. Potential customers will appreciate that you are sharing your knowledge and will begin to recognize you as a leader in your field." – Bhavin Parikh | CEO, Magoosh Inc
"Don't stop at one video! Create a series of educational videos that lead people from 'episode to episode.' Use what TV writers have been using against us for years by creating 'open loops' where an idea is 'to be continued' in the next video. This creates engagement and allows you to educate prospects in more than one video, and to lead them back to your website." – Nathalie Lussier | Creator, Nathalie Lussier Media Inc.
"Regardless of what the video is about, make it thought-provoking in that viewers will want to share their comments with you on it. A good example of this is always ending your videos with some sort of question." – Logan Lenz | Founder / President, Endagon
Need Help With How to Use Video Marketing To Boost Sales?
If you need assistance with how to use video marketing to boost sales, contact me for a FREE 1-hour coaching session.


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Skip to 0 minutes and 13 seconds Welcome to this influenza course at Lancaster University. The flu, needs little in the way of introduction. Most of you will have experienced it. And some of you may have had very severe attacks that have lasted a couple of weeks. We'll be investigating the world of the influenza virus, looking at what it is, how we can treat it, or perhaps prevent it, where it comes from, and what might lie in wait for us in the future. The word influenza is Italian and is the origin of our English word "influence," as well as the English medical term, influenza. In the Middle Ages, influenza was used in a medical context to describe how environmental conditions seemed to be associated with certain diseases.
Skip to 0 minutes and 55 seconds So for instance, for those Renaissance Italians who had no idea about malaria parasites or plague bacteria, the disease of malaria was under the "influenza" of swamps and marshes. And plague was supposedly under the "influenza" of bad smells. The first use of the word to describe the disease we recognise today as the flu was in 1708 by Dr John Hugger and medical historians have traced several supposed influenza outbreaks in the 18th and 19th centuries. Now, this was a time when serious epidemic diseases, such as tuberculosis, typhoid, scarlet fever, diphtheria, and cholera, were features of daily life, and even in the richest countries.
Skip to 1 minute and 36 seconds So the public profile of influenza was fairly low, despite it causing the death of the second in line to the British throne, Queen Victoria's grandson the Duke of Clarence in 1892. All that changed, though, in 1918. Just as the First World War was drawing to a close– which had been the biggest war the world had seen up to date, with around 8 million battlefield casualties and an equal number of civilian deaths– a particularly nasty strain of flu started to spread around the world. It killed so many people that the total numbers remain more or less a matter of guesswork– between about 20 million and 100 million deaths around the world.
Skip to 2 minutes and 12 seconds Even the most conservative of those estimates would make that flu pandemic outbreak of 1918 deadlier than the First World War, and possibly even up to five times deadlier. 1918 was a flu pandemic, meaning an epidemic that spreads right across the planet, ignoring the usual seasonal winter rhythms. At the time, it was given the name Spanish flu. But it definitely didn't originate there. The reason for this misnomer was that Spain was a neutral country in the First World War. And therefore, it had no reporting restrictions. However, the media of the combatant countries didn't report the disease for fear of damaging morale and affecting the war effort. The real origin of the outbreak is unknown.
Skip to 2 minutes and 52 seconds But the first fact that we have about the 1918 pandemic is that cases started to appear at allied military bases in the USA and France. The neighbouring civilian population were infected. And soon, the disease was in most major cities of continental Europe and North America. British troops returning home across the channel, especially after the war ended in November 1918, brought the disease back to the UK. And this was true for troops returning to many other parts of the world as well. There was no treatment for influenza in 1918 and little or no idea of its cause. Viruses in general had been discovered by Dimitri Ivanovsky in 1892. But in 1918, the medical profession initially went looking for a culprit elsewhere.
Skip to 3 minutes and 35 seconds The candidate suggested at the time was a bacterium that was given the name haemophilus influenzae. Antibiotics hadn't even been discovered in 1918 so although the public health authorities of the day wrongly suspected that this bacterium, haemophilus influenzae, was to blame, they were in any case in no position to do anything about it, even if they had been correct. Instead, the response was focused on public health measures, such as the wearing of face masks in the street and the prohibition of spitting in public. These may be fairly low-tech solutions, but in some cases, they can be quite effective.
Skip to 4 minutes and 10 seconds And in some other videos, we'll be looking at the epidemiology of influenza and seeing how even in today's modern world of flu vaccines and anti-viral drugs, one of the most important factors in flu prevention is that kind of low-tech hygiene with respect to our coughs and sneezes. The 1918 pandemic appeared in two waves. And it was 1920 before the outbreak quietened down finally. Normally, what happens after a pandemic is that the flu strain responsible returns the following winter in a milder form and keeps doing so for some time. The pandemic flu, thereby, becomes what we call a seasonal flu. We assume that this happened from 1920 onwards, even though we have no clinical samples preserved from that period.
Skip to 4 minutes and 55 seconds Nevertheless, we can be pretty confident about this theory since, when some victims of the 1918 pandemic in Alaska were exhumed and the flu viruses retrieved by molecular methods and sequenced, it was found that they were of the same general variety– the technical classification uses the term type and subtype– the same general variety as the first flu strains isolated in the laboratory in 1933. That variant is called type A subtype H1N1. The meaning of the letter and number designations for flu subtypes will be explained in a related video. So, we therefore have strong reason to believe that the H1N1 flu circulated seasonally from 1920 onwards, returning to the northern hemisphere every January and staying for a few months.
Skip to 5 minutes and 42 seconds And then, the same process being repeated in the southern hemisphere winter six months later. This phenomenon of seasonal influenza continues today, although the strains of flu involved have changed quite a bit, as we'll see. The reasons for this global oscillation are still rather unclear and are the subject of a very active area of research. It seems that the flu, whether heading south or north depending on the time of year, always originates somewhere around Southern China and Southeast Asia. 1947 was a particularly heavy year for seasonal flu. And every now and then, one of these heavy seasonal flu years will happen.
Skip to 6 minutes and 20 seconds Perhaps, there at the end of the Second World War in 1945 had led to a re-establishment of global transport and trade links that had been disrupted since the outbreak of war in 1939, thus allowing the virus to spread more easily around the world. Or perhaps, the reason lay in the virus itself. And this reason– lying in the virus itself– is one of the core concepts in the study of influenza and is called antigenic drift. Viruses, like all infectious agents, are going to find themselves under attack from your immune system. And that means antibodies are produced against the virus.
Skip to 6 minutes and 55 seconds And once bound by an antibody, a virus particle may be disrupted in its function and also could be targeted for destruction by other parts of your immune system. For some viruses, such as measles, this kind of immunity is lifelong. Nobody ever gets the measles twice. However, it's a different story for influenza. The reason why you could potentially catch the flu every year is that the flu virus evolves very quickly. So if one rare variant of flu escapes destruction by your immune system and by the immune systems of other sufferers, then that variant will not be destroyed and will be the ancestor of next year's strains.
Skip to 7 minutes and 33 seconds And this means that the immunity you acquired against this year's viruses might be of no use anymore. In years when seasonal influenza is particularly bad– such as 1947 and more recently in 1999 was also a very bad year– these are usually years when antigenic drift, as we call it of that sort, as particularly strong. So, we've come to the end of the short introduction. We've covered the catastrophic flu outbreak of 1918. And we've seen how it turned from pandemic flu into a seasonal flu, returning every winter for several decades, each time having undergone antigenic drift, allowing it to avoid the antibodies its human hosts made against the strains of the previous years.
Introduction - the Spanish Flu pandemic of 1918
In this first video, we'll be exploring the history of the flu, from its earliest known appearances to the Spanish Flu pandemic of 1918, the worst outbreak of influenza in history, which swept around the world killing possibly up to 200 million people. A pandemic is an epidemic that sweeps across the entire world. Influenza pandemics are rare and usually serious events. Seasonal influenza, that returns every winter, is not pandemic because it only ever infects part of the world (northern hemisphere in northern winter, and correspondingly southern hemisphere in the southern winter). Seasonal flu is therefore a recurrent epidemic. The last pandemic of influenza was in 2009, and it progressed across the entire world without regard to seasons. However, 2009 was nowhere near as devastating as 1918.
As you watch this video, try to imagine what it must have been like to live in a world where war has been raging for 4 years and suddenly a deadly disease is now killing millions, but at the same time the media makes no mention of it - behaving as if nothing is happening - and where the medical profession is just left guessing at the cause and with no treatment.
In the next step, we'll be inviting you to contribute any family stories you may have from that time.
One of the unsolved mysteries about the 1918 pandemic is where it first came from. As mentioned in the video, the first hard evidence we have for its appearance is in military bases in the USA in 1918, and soon afterwards at other military bases in France and the UK. A North American origin is plausible. After all, we know that the 2009 pandemic influenza ("swine flu") probably originated in Mexico.
There are however, two other theories:
The Spanish Flu is the same disease as the respiratory epidemic that was affecting people in China in 1917. Chinese workers were employed by the US military for various tasks during the war. Perhaps the pandemic originated in China, and was then brought to North America by migrant workers?
The Spanish Flu originated in France, and its initial appearances in the USA were caused by US military personnel who traveled back to North America from France in early 1918 to organise troop transport.
We will probably never know which of these alternatives - North America, Europe or China - is correct. However, we can say one thing: Spanish Flu was definitely not Spanish. It did however, spread to Spain later just as it spread to most other places.
If you want to find out more, see the links below for some further reading.
© Lancaster University


text:
T was the night
before Christmas
And Janet was gone.
I was at home
And I was alone.
I pulled down the shades,
I locked all the doors.
My feet moved swiftly
Across the cold kitchen floor.
There were the gifts
All under the tree.
I would look them over,
And find one just for me.
I'd shake it and smell it,
And rattle it good,
And hope that like last year
That it wasn't just wood.
But as hard as I looked,
I just could not see,
A single present
That was just for me.
I scratched my bald head,
I thought I'd been good,
This year I wouldn't
Even get wood.
I'd search the whole house,
I'd look low and look high,
"I'll bet Janet hid it,"
I heard myself cry.
I looked in the pantry,
I searched every shelf,
I emptied the cupboards
Till nothing was left.
I went room to room,
Leavin' a mess in my wake,
I'd find that blame present
If all night it did take.
There was one place left,
But I was scared to look there,
'Cause it was the drawer,
Full of her underwear.
I got a screwdriver
To use as a stick,
To stir all those panties,
So I wouldn't get sick.
Ladies panties, you see,
And it may sound silly,
They're lacy and shiny,
And they give me the willies.
So I stirred and I dug,
Flung them here and then there,
I never have seen
Quite so much underwear.
When the drawer was empty,
I sat on the floor,
It was then that I heard
Janet open the door.
"What it the world,
Have you done to this place?"
I tried really hard
To have an innocent face.
But I could tell by the way
She looked at the mess,
To save my poor skin,
I'd better confess.
"Well," I said sadly,
With an innocent sigh,
And tried to make a tear
Come out of my eye.
"I noticed," I said,
"When I looked under the tree
There wasn't a single
Present for me.
So I have been lookin'
In case it was hid."
"I swear," she said.
"You're worse than a kid.
"Close your eyes,"
She said with a sigh.
"And don't you dare peek,
Or I'll put out your eye."
I closed my eyes tightly,
With a smile on my face,
And then in my hands,
A present she placed.
I opened my eyes,
And there in my hand,
Was a little red box
With a bright ribbon band.
I tore off the paper,
It was then that I knew,
She had got me some bullets
For my ol' twenty-two.
I hugged her and squeezed her
And then kissed her, too.
It was just what I wanted,
How was it she knew?
This question I posed her,
She smiled and then paused,
"I intercepted your letter,
To ol' Santa Claus."
She explained to me,
Because of the war,
That Santa couldn't fly
With bullets no more.
She kissed me and smiled,
And I knew I was blessed,
"Merry Christmas," she said.
"Now, clean up this mess.
Merry Christmas. May God bless each and every one of you.


text: SMA Buyers Guide See our current SMA offerings Secondary Market FIXED TERM ANNUITY SECONDARY MARKET BUYER'S GUIDEFeaturing Higher Yield Returns • AAA to A Ratings • Choice of TermsSecondary Market Fixed Term Annuities offer a simple and affordable way for buyers to meet goals such as saving for retirement or a child's education or improving overall returns on a balanced portfolio.Lance Insurance and Marketing Services 602-795-6270 602-795-6270 (888-939-0135 888-939-0135)Define of TermsAll amounts are expressed in U.S. DollarsCredit Rating refers to the credit rating of the insurance company paying the IN-FORCE Fixed Term Annuity as determined by Standard & Poor's (S&P).Existing Annuitant refers to a person who sells the payment rights to an annuity to us in return for a present value, lump sum cash payment. This person is usually a personal injury victim who was awarded annuity payment rights as part of a structured settlement of his or her injury claim. This person may also be a lottery prizewinner of the recipient of another kind of annuity; e.g., lottery winner.Secondary Market Annuity is the name given to these types of investments: payments paid over a fixed term by an insurance company arising from a structured settlement, lottery prize-winning payment or other similar type of annuity.Present Value is the value on a given date of a future payment or series of future payments, discounted to reflect the time value of money and other factors such as investment risk.Secondary Market refers to the organized trading of Securities (stocks, bonds) or annuities through various exchanges and over-the-counter markets where these types of investments are bought and "re-sold." This reselling has created a secondary market for these kinds of assets.Structured Settlement is a financial or insurance arrangement in which an individual accepts payments over a period of years to resolve a legal claim that often involves a personal injury. This type of payment plan is often in the form of a structured settlement annuity.Term refers to the length of time before all principal and interest are paid.We, us, and Lance Insurance & Marketing Services refers to Lance Insurance, our affiliates, partners, brokers or agents.You and your, my, mine and me refer to the Buyer of an Secondary Market Annuity.What is a Secondary Market Annuity?When you purchase a Secondary Market Fixed Term Annuity, you, the Buyer, receive the rights to fixed payments in exchange for a lump sum payment to an individual who is the original Existing Annuitant. By purchasing an individual's right to receive payments, you receiver high yield returns while the Existing Annuitant enjoys the benefits of having cash now.What are the benefits of purchasing a Secondary Market Fixed Term Annuity?A Secondary Market Fixed Term Annuity can provide above average returns for the fixed income portion of a balanced portfolio. Since they provide you a payment stream over a fixed period for time at a fixed rate of return, this purchase is generally considered to be a solid vehicle for conservative saving. Insurance companies invest the funds primarily in government securities and high-grade corporate bonds which provide fixed interest rates. Lance Insurance only offers Secondary Market Annuities from insurance companies with among the highest Standard & Poor's credit ratings: A or higher making them one of the safer forms of fixed term purchases available today.Where do these annuities originate?Individuals involved in legal calms for personal injury often accept a structured settlement in which they receive regular, fixed payments over several years and / or lump sums at stipulated times from an annuity. Lottery prizewinners and other individuals may also have the right to receive regular, fixed payments over a period of time. As circumstances change, these Individuals, called Existing Annuitants, sometimes need to convert a portion of their fixed income into cash now to meet personal needs or settle an estate. They decide to assign their right to their future annuity payment at a discount. Lance Insurance & Marketing Services, in turn, offers the payments rights to these annuities, called Secondary Market Annuities to Buyers like you. Typically these payments are made regardless of whether or not the Existing Annuitant or the Buyer is alive, meaning these payments are not contingent on an individual's life. In circumstances where life contingent payment are being offered, and unless otherwise indicated, there shall be in place a prepaid life insurance policy that will pay to the Buyer their lump sum investment at the rate of returned contracted for, less any payments received, until the time of death.Who makes the payments to me?Secondary Market Annuity payments may be paid directly to you by a U.S. based insurance company or if the payments are split between parties, a third party servicing company. In all situations the U.S. based insurance company is backing the payments and they have a credit rating that is A to AAA rated by Standard & Poor's.How is the rate of return determined?The rate of return for each Secondary Market Annuity is determined by the current market at the time which includes what a Buyer is prepared to accept as a return on his or her purchase, the number of years for the payout and the insurance company's financial rating. The rate of return for each Secondary Market Annuity is represented as an "effective rate," meaning it is compounded monthly to generate an annual effective rate based on a 365-day year. This is standard practice in the annuity industry. Interest rates are recorded an accuracy of two decimal places, for example 7.00%Why are rates of return on Secondary Market annuities higher than those offered on annuities purchased directly from insurance companies today?The rate of return on a Secondary Market Annuity is typically higher (3 to 5 times) than the rate available on annuities newly purchased directly from insurance companies today because a Secondary Market annuity has been "previously owned" with attributes such as payment term and payment amounts that cannot be changed. Additionally, a Secondary Market Annuity is transferred for the present value of future income payments. The present value is determined by what the Existing Annuitant, or the Seller, will accept and what a Buyer will pay.Why do I need Lance Insurance & Marketing Services to arrange the purchase of a Secondary Market Annuity?The purchase and sale of structured settlement annuity payments is governed by state law and must be approved by a court which issues an order redirecting payments to you, the Buyer. A judge will review the prosed transfer to determine if it in the best interests of the Existing Annuitant and then issue the court order.Do I have to appear in court for payments to be transferred to me by court order?No, the Buyer does have to appear in court. Lance Insurance & Marketing Services will arrange for the legal expertise to transfer the payment rights. We arrange a court order in your name at no additional cost to you. All of the court cost, transfers fees, lien search fees and legal cost are paid by us. Also we acquire structured settlement annuities through a number of channels, including an extensive broker network. Our experience and due diligence insure the quality of the Secondary Market Annuities that we offer for sale to you.What is the typical Secondary Market Annuity term and purchase amount?The present value of a Secondary Market annuity is generally between $50,000 and $200,000 but can by higher or lower. Terms range between 5 and 35 years but typically are 7 to 20 years.Exclusivity?Secondary Market fixed term annuities are not widely known to the generally public nor are they widely available to individual Buyers. As such, they provide a unique opportunity for Buyers to purchase safe, fixed returns at superior rates.What is the legal structure of the purchase?Lance Insurance & Marketing Services arranges for the purchase from an Existing Annuitant and transfers the payment rights to you, the Buyer, through a court transfer process. This process is available in all states through a state-sanctioned transfer statute. Your name, IRA name, intermediate transferor or nominee or payment assignment trust name will be stated in the transfer court order, which is generally obtained in the state where the Existing Annuitant resides. The court will direct the insurance company that issued the Fixed Term Annuity to pay to the designed payee all of the annuity payments when they are due and as further assigned. The court order assumes that the Existing Annuitant has relinquished title to his or her payment rights as well as securely effecting the reassignment. Payments are made whether the Existing Annuitant lives or dies during the period that the payments are due. Upon the death of the Buyer, the payments continue to the joint owner(s) or the estate of the Buyer, as designated. Payments are typically made by check mailed to your designated address or by direct deposit into your account. The insurance company usually determines the method of payment. As the Buyer, you may change the address for payment of bank account designation at any time by informing the insurance company directly.What documentation will I receive at closing?Receivable Purchase AgreementDisclosure StatementSale and Assignment AgreementAuthorization LetterChange of Beneficiary DesignationExisting Annuitant's IdentificationDuplicate Annuity Policy or Benefits Letter or Issuer Acknowledgement LetterCertificate of Marital Status/Spousal Consent, Divorce Decree, or Property Settlement AgreementCourt Order permitting the assignment of the annuity payments and naming Buyer as new PayeeStatement of Independent Professional Advice or Waiver, where applicableSatisfactory Results of Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) (within 30 days of closing), Judgments (within 90 days of closing), Lien (within 90 days of closing), Bankruptcy (within 30 days of closing), and Evidence of Lien Resolution, as applicableClosing Book (containing documents such as those listed above)What are the risks?Like other financial products, Secondary Market Annuities are not risk-free. As a Buyer, you must determine whether a Secondary Market Annuity meets your risk tolerance and purchase objectives. The following are risks associated with a Secondary Market Annuity (SMA):The security of the SMA is directly related to the financial health of the insurance company that issued the annuity and its ability to pay claims as well as the terms of the court order that accompanies each transaction.SMA's are not deposits and are not insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) or any other federal government agency.SMA's are monetized in U.S. Dollars. Foreign Buyers may be subject to currency exchange risk.Reasons Why You Should Not Buy A Secondary Market Annuity (SMA)No Liquidity - Once you purchase a SMA, you are bound by the terms and conditions of the court order. Once the judge assigns you the payments, that's what you are going to get. You can't withdraw cash if you need to, so make sure you have other assets for liquidity.Interest Rates Go Up - If interest rates go up, and that is a BIG IF, there is the potential that if you had waited, you might have been able to get higher yields down the road.You don't play it safe with your money - If you like the dramatic up's and down's of the stock market, the volatility of commodities or futures markets, or if you are a risk taker, this is not going to be a good fit for you. Call your broker immediately and tell him you thought about playing it safe for once, but realized it just isn't in you.You can't find a SMA that meets your needs - Like snowflakes, each SMA is different. The payments, the initial investment, and the terms for each SMA are unique and no two are alike. You may have to ladder several SMA's to achieve your financial goals. Please share with us you goals and objectives, so we are able to put together a plan that completely satisfies your needs.There is a risk of the judges order getting vacated. This is highly unlikely, and you can purchase insurance to prevent it at a cost. Please do some research before you purchase someone else's structured settlement. If this were to happen to you, and you didn't purchase the insurance against such an occurrence, there is a chance you would not receive all of the payments you purchased.What the SEC says about SMA'sSEC Investors BulletinWhat information will you need as a Buyer?Customer Identification Program for Buyer AccountsTo comply with all federal laws and regulations and to help fight the funding of terrorism and money laundering activities.Individual BuyersNameDate of birthAddressDriver's licenseCitizenship (If dual citizen, all citizenships are required.)U.S. Citizen: Taxpayer ID (Social Security Number)Non-U.S. Citizen: U.S. taxpayer identification number, passport number and country of issuance, alien identification card number or government-issued identification showing nationality, residence and your photograph.Corporations, Partnerships, Trusts or Other Legal EntitiesName of corporation or entity ● Address ● Name of principal officer or trusteeEmployer Identification Number (EIN) ● Principal place of businessArticles of Incorporation, Partnership or Trust AgreementInformation for Foreign BuyersNothing in this document shall be considered a solicitation to buy or an offer to sell an In-Force Term Annuity, or any other product or service, to any person in any jurisdiction where such offer, solicitation, purchase or sale would be unlawful. To be eligible to buy a Secondary Market Annuity, a foreign Buyer must have a U.S. address, U.S. Tax ID, and U.S. bank account.How do I become a Buyer?To become a Buyer, you must:Execute a Receivable Purchase Agreement (RPA). The RPA sets out the terms of the relationship between you, the Buyer, and Lance Insurance and Marketing Services and the transaction process.Provide the information in the Customer Identification Program outlined above.Fund and close transactions in accordance with the terms of the RPA.How do I pay for a Secondary Market Annuity?Individuals:Individuals remit payment for a Secondary Market Annuity in two stages:A 5% deposit at the time the Existing Annuitant executes a Sale and Assignment Agreement with Lance Insurance & Marketing Services.The balance of the purchase price upon receipt of the court transfer order naming you, the Buyer, as the new Payee. All funds are held in a segregated account until closing. The closing of each SMA transaction will occur in accordance with the Receivable Purchase Agreement and only after all conditions precedent have been met, including but not limited to the court order that directs the insurance company to pay the annuity payments to you, the Buyer, as and when due.Institutions:Institutions remit payment for In-Force Fixed Term Annuities at closing by paying the Existing Annuitant directly in accordance with the indicated instructions.Can Buyers sell their In-Force Fixed Term Annuity?Once you purchase a Secondary Market Annuity (SMA), you must hold it to the completion of its term. SMA's are generally not liquid or marketable. The transfer court order states that there are no further assignment rights.How are fees, expenses and sales commissions paid?The Buyer is not charged any additional fees or expenses when acquiring a Secondary Market Annuityy. Lance Insurance & Marketing Services earns a fee based on the net difference between the price at which it buys annuities from Existing Annuitants and the price at which it sells them to Buyers.Sales CommissionThe broker of record generally receives a sales commission upon the closing of each Secondary Market Annuity. The amount of commission is negotiated between the broker and Lance Insurance & Marketing Services. The price you pay for each Secondary Market Annuity and the agreed upon rate of return constitute the net price and actual rate of return you will earn. The sales commission is an extra expense paid by Lance Insurance & Marketing Services.What are the income tax considerations for me as a Buyer?The tax a Buyer pays on a Secondary Market Annuity depends on the Buyer's jurisdiction of citizenship and jurisdiction of residency, as well as U.S. tax laws. Lance Insurance & Marketing Services expresses no opinion on Buyer's tax obligations and recommends that you consult your tax advisor according.For More Information Contact: Lance Insurance & Marketing Services, LLC 3033 N Central Ave, Suite 435 Phoenix, AZ 85012 888-939-0135 or 602-795-6270 Or visit us on the web at: www.LanceMarketing.com www.AskMrAnnuity.com 888-939-0135 602-795-6270


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What Microsoft Clippy should have been.
What it does
Highlight a word inside a Microsoft Word document with your mouse or keyboard. Then let the fun begin by allowing the add-in to search for websites, videos, images, and current news based on what you've selected (i.e. highlighted).
Perfect for research or finding inspiration.
How I built it was
Duck-taped with Javascript.
Challenges I ran into
The add-in was built over a weekend. But I wish I had more time to add more "search features"...like maps and support of language translations.
What I learned
Javascript still sucks.
What's next for Whisper
Absolutely nothing.


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HarperCollins has experienced non-stop declines in their e-book revenue for the past year. The publisher has reported that they have garnered $74.8 million in audiobook and e-book sales in Q1 2017 and the same time last year the same digital content brought in $78.4 million.
In the latest quarterly filings News Corp did not go into great detail about their HarperCollins publishing division. The only thing they said was that "Revenues in the quarter decreased $20 million, or 5%, compared to the prior year, primarily due to the absence of revenues from Go Set a Watchman by Harper Lee, partially offset by the continued expansion of HarperCollins' global footprint and the popularity of front-list titles such as The Black Widow by Daniel Silva, Hillbilly Elegy by J.D. Vance and Jesus Always by Sarah Young. Digital sales represented 20% of Consumer revenues for the quarter. Segment EBITDA for the quarter increased $6 million, or 14%, from the prior year due to the mix of titles."
I have noticed a big trend in the way audiobook and e-book revenue is being reported by major publishers in 2016. They simply are not breaking down sales or disclosing exactly how much money both digital formats are generating. The only thing they really say is that e-book sales are down and audio is up, but they don't say anything beyond that. You know e-book sales are dismal when a publisher will not even say anymore how much they lost. The only meaningful data that we can extrapolate is finding how much digital accounts for their revenue stream and doing the math, but that still does not paint the full picture.
I wonder how long the publishing industry is going continuously lose money on e-books every quarter before they realize they were selling more copies and making more money when Amazon was in charge of setting the price.
Michael Kozlowski is the Editor in Chief of Good e-Reader. He has been writing about audiobooks and e-readers for the past ten years. His articles have been picked up by major and local news sources and websites such as the CBC, CNET, Engadget, Huffington Post and the New York Times.


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Grey's Anatomy Spoilers: More on GeorgeSteve Marsi at .
As we know, actor T.R. Knight doesn't return for the September 24 Grey's Anatomy season six premiere, but it appears his character, Dr. George O'Malley, will.
"Transplant doctors descend on Seattle Grace because it's revealed that George was a registered organ donor," according to a source on the Grey's Anatomy set.
"His colleagues are still reeling from George's death and are fighting with transplant doctors to stop them from taking his lungs, liver, corneas and bone marrow."
"It's only when everyone hears what lives will be saved that George's friends start to get some perspective on his death," says the source to Life & Style Weekly.
George's funeral scene is also said to take place early this season.
Who knows how reliable any of this actually is, but according to the source, all of the scenes with George O'Malley were shot using special effects and makeup.
"It's one of the goriest scenes they've ever done because you literally see each of these organs get pulled out of his body," says the supposed on-set insider.
Steve Marsi is the Managing Editor of TV Fanatic. Follow him on Google+ or email him here.


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Midwest College of Oriental Medicine
Mission Statement
It is the Midwest College's mission to provide an education that is rooted in the historical context and teachings of Traditional Chinese Medicine and combine it with modern clinical applications to create a practitioner of Acupuncture or Oriental Medicine that embraces the spirit of an …
"ancient medicine for modern times"
The combination of Eastern and Western science, together with an appreciation of the natural healing philosophies of Asia, develops the qualities that are the "Heart of Chinese Medicine". With this foundation, graduates will become true practitioners of Oriental healing. The subtle balance of clinical science and compassion is the key to a successful practice.
The Acupuncture Program is modeled on the modern eight-principle style, currently taught at TCM universities in China. Combined with the bio-medicine courses, it prepares graduates to practice "Classic Chinese Medicine" using acupuncture, moxibustion, and other accessory modalities. The curriculum in the Oriental Medicine program provides a distinctive course of study in the areas of food and herb therapy that are fundamental to Traditional Oriental Medicine. Baccalaureate study in nutrition within the Oriental Medicine program leads to a simultaneously granted Bachelor of Science degree in Nutrition and a master of Science degree in Oriental Medicine.
To meet the needs of students, the Midwest College affirms its commitment to educate broadly informed, ethically responsible, and scientifically competent professionals by offering the highest accredited entry-level degree in the field. To meet the needs of a community that is increasingly aware of the importance of nutrition and herb therapy, the Oriental Medicine program combines TCM theory with principles of nutrition.
Diagnosis in Chinese Medicine has always consisted of two levels of differentiation: a disease differentiation (bian bing) and a syndrome differentiation (bian zheng). In modern times, there has been a shift away from the energetic model of syndrome differentiation to an emphasis on biomedical disease based treatment.
The ancient practice of Chinese Medicine has seven different methods of syndrome differentiation, plus an eighth for acupuncture only. In order to support our mission of combining historical and modern models of health and disease, the Midwest College includes all eight models of syndrome differentiation in our curriculum.
- Differentiation according to cause/ seven emotion / six evils / diet (san yin bian zheng)
- Differentiation by eight principles (ba gang bian zheng)
- Differentiation according to the zang fu (zang fu bian zheng)
- Differentiation according to six channels (liu jing bian zheng)
- Differentiation by qi & blood / wen bing (wei qi ying xue bian zheng)
- Differentiation by qi, blood and fluids (qi xue jinye bian zheng)
- Differentiation by according to the san jiao (san jiao bian zheng)
- Differentiation by channels & collateral / acupuncture (jing luo bian zheng)
The Midwest College maintains the historical context of traditional medicine by acknowledging the full range of Energetics syndromes, counteracting the unbalanced focus on the modern bio-medical disease name. The old saying "same disease different treatment" shows why this multifaceted approach is so important.


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Oregon State University (OSU) is a public research institution in the northwest United States, with its roots in agricultural education.It began as Corvallis Academy in 1856 and was founded as a co-educational place of college-level education in 1868.
Its main 400-acre campus in the college town Corvallis, nestled in Willamette Valley, is within easy reach of Portland, the Pacific Coast, ski resorts and hiking trails in the Cascades mountains, along with four seasons of impressive scenery.
OSU takes advantage of the dramatically varied terrains surrounding it, offering degree programs in conservation biology, agricultural sciences, nuclear engineering, forestry, fisheries and wildlife management, community health, pharmacy, zoology and marine studies. There are over 200 undergraduate and over 80 graduate programmes in all, including over 30 online degrees.
OSU has 12 colleges, 15 agricultural experiment stations, 35 county extension offices, the Marine Sciences centre in Newport and OSU-Cascades, located in the city of Bend.The student population is 83% undergraduates, 15% graduates and 2% professionals; around 60% of students are Oregon residents.
The university ranks very highly for renewable energy use, and 22 exercise bikes in Dixon Recreation Center are connected to the grid to help power the university.With a recent renovation of the sports facilities the university gained a brand new synthetic turf, outdoor basketball courts and a tennis complex. There is also an Olympic size pool and a couple of volleyball courts.
Its Pride Center provides support services for LGBTQ students, and OSU is ranked in the top 20 LGBT-friendly campuses in the US, according to Campus Pride's LGBT Friendly Campus Climate Index.
Its alumni include two astronauts, two Pulitzer prize winners, a Nobel Laureate, the first American woman to climb Mount Everest, and the inventor of the computer mouse.
Benny Beaver is its official mascot, first seen in 1942, and can be seen around campus sporting Oregon State University's signature orange and black colours
Oregon State University's ranking in the 2020 edition of Best Colleges is National Universities, #139.
The most popular majors at Oregon State University include: Computer Science; Business Administration, Management and Operations; Human Development, Family Studies, and Related Services; Health and Physical Education/Fitness; and Mechanical Engineering
United States
For Undergraduate
Academic Scholarships
30% Partial Scholarship


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#halfandhalfonthego is a Social Media Campaign that aims to showcase entrepreneurs, community organizations, community and multi-cultural events, and the City of London in general.
Each "aspect" is presented in a short video format, that will be streamed in the #halfandhalfonthego Channel, YouTube Channel, IG and IGTV, Facebook, and all our Social Media Platforms.
Creating a video could be beyond the reach of most small businesses, entrepreneurs, artists, and community volunteer organizations. Our approach enables these groups to have online exposure and aim to build a strong community.
Ask us how you can get involved here.
By supporting this campaign you are supporting local, you are giving the opportunity to an entrepreneur, an artist, a community organization, to our community, to grow, to be stronger. We need your support so we can continue working on this project, so let's work together towards a better London!


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Windsor Meadows State Park
Econo Lodge East Hartford
Econo Lodge East Hartford
Econo Lodge East Hartford
490 Main StreetEast Hartford, CT 06108
$55 - $99
Hotel DescriptionThe Econo Lodge East Hartford is situated approximately 15 miles from Bradley International Airport and two miles from downtown Hartford. Local attractions include Austin Art Center Bushnell Park New England Air Museum and Foxwood Casino. Hotel amenities include fax/photocopy service free coffee in the lobby multilingual staff parking wake-up calls and exterior corridors. All guest rooms features cable TV direct-dial telephones in-room movies and clock radios high speed internet and a continental breakfast is served daily. The hotel is easily accessible to and from major highways and area attractions include Dodge Music Theater Mark Twain House and the Connecticut Convention Center.
Amenities(Additional fees may apply to some amenities)
- Pets accepted
- Family Rooms
- Free breakfast
- Meeting rooms
- Non-smoking rooms
- Data port
- Login or register to post comments
- Email this page


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We have a range of embroidered clothing available from our online shop. Get your name and team name added as well for your own individual look.
You can either buy and have your order delivered to you or you can collect on arrival.
Please follow the link below to our online shop.


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McDonald's Ground Lease Sold at Record Cap RateBy
Doug Roland, Investment Sales Advisor with NAI Avant's Charleston office, recently facilitated the sale of a ground lease of the McDonald's located at the corner of Bettis Academy Road and Interstate 20 in Graniteville, SC (Augusta/Aiken MSA).
The transaction closed in January for $1,050,000. The indicated 4.0 percent Cap Rate, reportedly sets a record Cap Rate for a McDonald's ground lease in South Carolina. The remaining term of the lease was not reported.


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When the mozzies bite, you know you are possibly in for a treat.
So far, I've got away with just a few nibbles, nothing to be concerned about. No purulent festering sores have erupted, no scabrous wounds, no mind twisting itches. I've only heard the odd little buzzing in the night to indicate their presence. Perhaps because we are in Spain, this lot are a little less vicious than their Scottish midge cousins. Its the weather here making them a little less restive. I saw one sipping on sangria, muttering 'meh' rather than going in for the kill on the nearest white skinned tourist. As far as the fauna go, they are the probably the most dangerous little creatures around. Everything else seems to be benign. The flora however are a bunch of spikey bastards. There are flowers of course to lull one into a false sense of security, but make no mistake there is a thousand different types of cactus waiting to prick your sorry arse should you sit in the wrong place. Mozzies seek you out. Cacti just wait for you to come to them. The antidote is a chilled glass of 'tinto verrano'.
The post breakfast stroll found ourselves buying hats in the busy town square. The lady who sold Ann her hat was French, and thus I could not pass up the opportunity to speak to her in her native tongue. Madame had heard us speaking English and was visibly shocked to be addressed in just about half decent French. I don't know much of the language but just enough to make them think. I've noticed several times how faces light up when an English person speaks their language. Tourists here are from the United States, Germany, the Nordic countries, Japan, China and and the UK of course. It is obvious that just about none of them try to speak Spanish at all. The locals all speak great English which of course enables them to deal with the babel of foreign tongues.
The Americans are stereotypically loud. They always have been, going back to Roman times in the third century BC. I don't know why, but one always knows when they are in the vicinity. Perhaps it is because they think they come from the greatest country in the world and have adopted a master race mentality. Perhaps they think they are doing the rest of the world a favour and feel no need to learn a foreign tongue. They do not hesitate for a second before bellowing something inane in loud English. It is frankly embarrassing. Why I should feel that on their behalf is of course a stereotypical British response. My Spanish is not great but the difference it makes to the demeanour of the people one deals with is very noticeable. For example, outside most restaurants there is a member of staff waiting to greet passers by and to invite them in. Most tourists nod something in English to them and walk on. I tried a bit of spanish in response to an invitation to enter the restaurant; "Gracias, pero acabo de comer" which means "thanks, but I have just eaten". Her face lit up that someone has attempted her native tongue. Little things I know, but it makes a small difference. I always note just how little people try to speak. It is hard, and it takes confidence, and it leads to replies in rapid response as they then assume one knows far more than is actually known. However, I do it to prevent being mistaken for an American, who as a collective nation, are more of an irritant than the mozzies.