text:
Liquidity Services, Inc.
B-294053: Aug 18, 2004
Additional Materials:
- Full Report:
(202) 512-8278
Kenneth E. Patton
(202) 512-8205
Office of Public Affairs
(202) 512-4800
Liquidity Services, Inc. protests the General Services Administration's (GSA) award of a contract to Maximus, Inc., under request for proposals (RFP) No. FAS-PP-03-0004, for the sale of federal surplus property. Liquidity challenges the evaluation of proposals.
We sustain the protest.
B-294053, Liquidity Services, Inc., August 18, 2004
The decision issued on the date below was subject to a GAO Protective Order. This redacted version has been approved for public release.
Matter of: Liquidity Services, Inc.
Craig A. Holman, Esq., Paul E. Pompeo, Esq., and Glenn I. Chernigoff, Esq., Holland & Knight, for the protester.
Brian A. Darst, Esq., Odin, Feldman & Pittleman, for Maximus, Inc., the intervenor.
Sharon Chen, Esq., Harmon R. Eggers, Esq., and Richard R. Butterworth, Jr., Esq., General Services Administration, for the agency.
Sharon L. Larkin, Esq., and David A. Ashen, Esq., Office of the General Counsel, GAO, participated in the preparation of the decision.
Price evaluation was unreasonable where comparison of offerors' "discount rates" for transportation and warehousing did not reflect actual proposed prices or the cost to the government for these services.
Liquidity Services, Inc. protests the General Services Administration's (GSA) award of a contract to Maximus, Inc., under request for proposals (RFP) No. FAS-PP-03-0004, for the sale of federal surplus property. Liquidity challenges the evaluation of proposals.
The Federal Asset Sales (FAS) program seeks to improve and optimize how agencies dispose of billions of dollars of unwanted assets. GSA, the "lead partner" on the FAS initiative, is responsible for developing, implementing, and operating a successful solution in accordance with the FAS program's "high-level" objectives, including: (1) making it easier for citizens and businesses to find and buy government assets, (2) increasing net proceeds from asset sales, (3) decreasing agencies' expenses related to asset sales, (4) reducing asset disposal time, and (5) improving the personal property sales process. RFP Sections A.5.1, A.5.2, C.2.
The RFP contemplated award of a fixed-price indefinite-delivery/indefinite-quantity contract to a single "service aggregator" whose proposal best met the FAS program objectives. Specific categories of services to be provided under the contract were marketplace services (including providing online and offline auction venues for selling assets), pre- and post-sale value added services (such as providing appraisals, packaging, and shipping services), marketing, government system integration and security, and administration and oversight services. Id. Sections A.6, C.2. The RFP provided for a maximum 10-year contract period (2-year base period, with one 2-year option, followed by two 3-year option periods), with a minimum guarantee of2,500 and a maximum contract ceiling of $500,000,000 in total revenue to the service aggregator. Id. at i. and Section A.1.
The RFP stated that award would be made on a "best value" basis considering the following factors and subfactors: [1]
Technical Approach
Related Experience
Marketplace (5%)
Value Added Services (5%)
Administration and Oversight (5%)
Marketing (2.5%)
Performance Management (2.5%)
Past Performance
Quality of the Services (2.5%)
Timeliness of Performance (2.5%)
Business Relations/Customer Service (2.5%)
Cost Control (2.5%)
Offerors were required to propose pricing for at least one of two pricing models described in the RFP: a fee-for-service price model (Model 1) and an incentive-aligned price model (Model 2). [2] Under the fee-for-service model (Model 1), the agency will select the services to be performed from a menu of services offered by the contractor, including online and offline marketplace services, value added services, and payment collection services. The contractor will be paid a fee based on a percentage of gross proceeds obtained for each of the services selected under the contract. In addition, the contractor will be reimbursed on a fixed unit-cost basis for transportation, warehousing, and refurbishing services expended. Offerors were required to specify both their proposed fee and fixed unit prices in "Model 1 bid forms" submitted with their proposals for the base and option years, and for different volumes of gross proceeds specified in the RFP. RFP amend. 2, Section B.
Under the incentive-aligned model (Model 2), which is a performance-based model, the offerors choose the services to be provided when selling property. Under this model, the contractor will receive a fee based on the percentage of net proceeds, that is, the difference between gross proceeds realized from the sale of property and all direct costs of managing, transporting, protecting, improving, and marketing property. Transportation, warehousing, and refurbishing services are not reimbursable under Model 2, but are considered an element of the fee paid to the contractor. Therefore, offerors were to specify only their fees in "Model 2 bid forms" for the base and option years, for differing volumes of net proceeds specified in the RFP. Id.
The RFP provided that in conducting the price evaluation, GSA would use "standard financial and business analytical techniques and methodologies" to evaluate pricing approaches under nine equally weighted issue areas: maximizing net proceeds, the risks to the government, best practices/proven model, agency acceptance (that is, increasing the likelihood individual agencies will provide assets for sale), administrative costs, business viability, reasonableness of proposed pricing, minimizing up-front investment, and time to implement. The RFP stated that, in performing this analysis, GSA would make an "integrated assessment" of all the required components of the written price proposal--including completed "bid forms" for the pricing models proposed, narrative descriptions of the nine issue areas to be evaluated under the RFP, and the offeror's "operational/financial business model" [3] -- and information provided in oral presentations or during discussions. The RFP provided that the narrative and business model would be used "only to assess the extent to which the [offeror's] proposed pricing approach reflects a consistent and well-structured approach to the contract; the specific assumptions regarding data elements included (e.g., property volume, services provided, etc.) in the Operational/Financial Business Model will not be part of the evaluation." RFP amend. 2, Section F.8.2.4.
Maximus and Liquidity were among three offerors whose proposals were found to be in the competitive range. The agency held several rounds of discussions with offerors, and each offeror made an oral presentation to the agency. Final proposal ratings for Maximus and Liquidity were as follows:
Technical Approach
3.00 [4]
Related Experience
Marketplace (5%)
Value Added Services (5%)
Administration and Oversight (5%)
Marketing (2.5%)
Performance Management (2.5%)
Past Performance
Quality of the Services (2.5%)
Timeliness of Performance (2.5%)
Business Relations/Customer Service (2.5%)
Cost Control (2.5%)
Price Score
Weighted Average Score
Overall Adjectival Rating
Revised Final Consensus Summary Report (Revised FCSR), at 69.
As indicated by the weighted average score, Liquidity's proposal received a higher overall numerical rating. However, GSA nevertheless found Maximus's proposal overall to be more advantageous to the government. This is because the agency found Maximus's approach to be superior under the technical approach and price factors notwithstanding the equal ratings under those factors. For example, GSA determined that Maximus's proposal was stronger in several of the nine issue areas evaluated under the price factor--including maximizing net proceeds, risks to the government, and agency acceptance--because it provided more attractive pricing (particularly in the option periods) over various scenarios considered by the agency, and offered very successful sales channel options. Id. at 72-73.
GSA determined that Maximus's proposal superiority under the two highest weighted factors (technical approach and price) was more significant to the agency than Liquidity's superiority under the lesser weighted related experience and past performance factors. Given Maximus's proposal strengths under the technical approach and price factors, the agency determined that the firm had a "greater likelihood of performing the FAS contract successfully, with the least degree of risk to the Government," and thus presented the best value to the government. Id. at 73. Upon learning of the resulting award to Maximus, Liquidity filed this protest.
Liquidity challenges GSA's evaluation of its and Maximus's proposals under the price evaluation factor. Specifically, it contends that it proposed less expensive transportation and warehousing services than Maximus, and that GSA improperly diminished this price advantage in its evaluation.
Where an evaluation is challenged, our Office will not reevaluate proposals, but instead will examine the record to determine whether the agency's judgment was reasonable and consistent with stated evaluation criteria and applicable statutes and regulations. Sam Facility Mgmt., Inc. , B-292237, July 22, 2003, 2003 CPD Paragraph 147 at 3. Agencies have considerable discretion in determining the particular method used in evaluating cost or price; however, the method used should, to the extent possible, accurately measure the cost to be incurred under competing proposals. Eurest Supp. Servs. , B-285813.3 et al. , July 3, 2001, 2003 CPD Paragraph 139 at 7. Where a source selection decision is based on figures that do not reasonably represent the differences in costs to be incurred under competing proposals, this source selection is not reasonably based. Preferred Sys. Solutions, Inc. , B-292322 et al. , Aug. 25, 2003, 2003 CPD Paragraph 166 at 9. Based on our review of the record, we find that the agency's price evaluation was unreasonable because it did not reflect the actual cost to the government of the offerors' approaches.
As an initial matter, we note, and GSA confirms, that this was a "close" competition between "two very strong offerors" who submitted "two exceptional pricing proposals" in response to a complex solicitation. Tr., Vol. 1, at 156-57, 226, 257; Tr., Vol. 3, at 90. The offerors' price proposals were evaluated using a complicated analytical scheme, further described below, where the agency made certain assumptions that we view to be unreasonable. Because the outcome of the price analysis turned on the evaluation of transportation and warehousing costs, we focus on that aspect of the analysis. In this regard, the record shows that Liquidity's transportation and warehousing prices were significantly lower than Maximus's. However, as we find below, GSA's approach to evaluating the proposed pricing for these services effectively eliminated much of Liquidity's price advantage. Although the agency asserts that only a small portion of the contract will involve transportation and warehousing, nevertheless, because this was a close competition, the errors with respect to the evaluation of transportation and warehousing pricing could affect the outcome of the competition.
Although not disclosed in the RFP, the agency's "integrated" price evaluation included three components: a "qualitative" evaluation of each offeror's proposal assessing strengths and weaknesses under the nine issue areas, a "quantitative" analysis of offerors' proposed pricing under various scenarios developed by the agency, and a "comparative" analysis of offerors' price proposals based on the qualitative and quantitative assessments. Price Evaluation Methodology at 1-2.
In its quantitative analysis, the agency compared the offerors' proposed pricing percentages, or fees, under approximately 128 complex scenarios [5] reflecting an array of service volumes expected for the FAS program. [6] As noted above, these fees were based on gross proceeds under Model 1, and net proceeds under Model 2. Also for Model 1, the agency compared offerors' fixed unit prices for transportation and warehouse costs, as these were cost-reimbursable items under the RFP for this model only. This comparison of transportation and warehousing was done using "discount rates" that were calculated by the agency. However, the "discount rates" did not reflect discounts in the literal sense, but instead reflected the relationship between the two offerors' pricing, as further described below.
As the agency explained during a hearing conducted by our Office, it calculated "discount rates" for transportation and warehouse costs based on the percentage that Liquidity's proposed fixed unit prices were lower than Maximus's. For example, if Maximus proposed (hypothetically) a unit price of1,000 and Liquidity proposed $250, the discount rate would be 75 percent. Narrative of GSA's Price Analyst, July 23, 2004, at 1. The agency adjusted these discount rates based on certain agency assumptions, and then averaged the two discount rates (one for transportation and one for warehousing) to obtain an overall discount rate to use in the quantitative evaluation. Id. at 3; Hearing Transcript (Tr.), Vol. 3, at 34, 63. This is further illustrated below.
For transportation, Liquidity proposed fixed prices for "short hauls" (less than or equal to 200 miles) and "long hauls" (greater than 200 miles), with different prices for full truckloads and less-than-full truckloads. Liquidity Price Proposal, Narrative, Section A.184.108.40.206; Model 1 Bid Form. Maximus also proposed "short haul" and "long haul" rates, using different truck sizes and weights, which were higher than Liquidity's. Maximus Price Proposal, Narrative Section 5.0. The agency explains that it calculated discount rates comparing offerors' proposed pricing (for the base year) at various distances and at various load weights. These discount rates, which reflected Liquidity's lower prices, ranged from [redacted] percent to [redacted] percent, and averaged [redacted] percent, considering all distances and load weights. GSA Hearing Exh. T, Transportation Cost Analysis, at 3; Tr., Vol. 3, at 25. GSA reduced this average to a range of [redacted] percent (and thus reduced Liquidity's price advantage) by excluding all long haul and at least some full truckload weights from the computation based on its assumption that most of the transportation provided under the contract would be short hauls at less than full truckload weights. Narrative of GSA's Price Analyst, July 23, 2004, at 3; Tr., Vol. 3, at 24.
For warehouse services, Liquidity proposed (for the base year) a fixed price of[redacted] per square foot per month, while Maximus proposed $[redacted]. Liquidity Price Proposal, Model 1 Bid Form; Maximus Price Proposal, Model 1 Bid Form. The discount rate here is [redacted] percent. However, the agency explains that it reduced this rate to a range of [redacted] percent because it found that Maximus's warehouse price included additional services not offered by Liquidity; the reduction in rate, the agency explains, was so that it could compare "apples to apples." Narrative of GSA's Price Analyst, July 23, 2004, at 3; Tr., Vol. 3, at 31-32.
Having determined the discount rate for transportation to be [redacted] percent, and the discount rate for warehousing to be [redacted] percent, GSA states that it took the average of those rates ([redacted] percent) to use as the overall discount rate for comparing offerors' transportation and warehouse costs in its quantitative analysis. By using this rate in its analysis, the agency found that Maximus was more likely to maximize net proceeds and offered more favorable pricing under both Model 1 and Model 2. In other words, by decreasing the overall discount rate to [redacted] percent, GSA effectively decreased Liquidity's price advantage in the competition.
During the protest hearing, we asked the agency to further explain the basis for its selection of a [redacted] percent discount rate. The agency's price analyst explained that there is no contemporaneous documentation of this discount rate calculation. Tr., Vol. 3, at 67. He further stated that the rate was based on agency assumptions that were made because the agency "didn't want their decision to be governed by the warehousing and transportation elements of things" since it believed that these services would only constitute 2-5 percent of the contract. Tr., Vol. 3, at 19, 21. However, even assuming that the services would only constitute 2-5 percent of the contract, the analyst admitted that "changing the parameters [for transportation and warehousing] could change the outcome," as Liquidity had a "significant advantage" in terms of transportation and warehousing pricing under Model 1 that could offset any pricing advantage Maximus had under Model 2. Id. at 19-20.
We find that GSA's pricing analysis was unreasonable because the comparison of offerors' "discount rates" did not reflect the actual proposed prices or cost to the government for these services. While Maximus's warehouse price may have included additional services not offered by Liquidity, the fact remains that the price to the government for Maximus's warehouse space will be higher than the price for an equivalent amount of Liquidity warehouse space, and the price evaluation did not reflect this difference in cost to the government. (In this regard, the agency did not find that the additional warehouse services allegedly offered by Maximus would result in quantifiable savings in costs that the government would otherwise incur.)
Furthermore, we find that the agency's rationale for reducing Liquidity's price advantage for warehouse services is unsupported by the contemporaneous record. While the agency explains that the reduction in discount rate from [redacted] percent to [redacted] percent was due to differences in proposal approaches, the contemporaneous record does not demonstrate that the agency evaluated the asserted differences in warehousing services. Indeed, the agency's current assertion that it did so is inconsistent with the remainder of its pricing analysis, which did not take into account any differences in offerors' proposal approaches under any of the other service areas considered in the price evaluation. For example, Liquidity's price proposal states that many of its warehousing services are included with its value-added-services pricing, yet GSA did not make any adjustments to the value-added-services pricing to take into account this proposal difference, as it did with warehousing. In fact, we note that the agency asserts, in response to other protest challenges to the price evaluation, that differences in proposal approaches were to be evaluated only under the technical approach factor, and not the price factor. See , e.g. , Agency Report, July 2, 2004, at 3.
We also find that GSA erred in calculating its discount rate for transportation services. Although it may have been reasonable to assume that most of the transportation provided would be short hauls at less-than-full truckloads, there is no basis for excluding all of the long distances from consideration, as if no long haul services would be used. The agency does not claim that no long haul services would be used, the RFP does not specify that long hauls would not be required or considered in the evaluation, and, consistent with the RFP, both offerors proposed prices for both long and short hauls. On these facts, we find that the agency must consider in its price evaluation all of the costs of long haul transportation that it reasonably expects to use during contract performance, and, moreover, should disclose to offerors the basis for its evaluation of these costs prior to proposal submission.
We also find that these errors in the agency's evaluation prejudiced the protester. Competitive prejudice is an essential element of every protest; where the record does not demonstrate that the protester would have had a reasonable chance of receiving award but for the agency's actions, we will not sustain a protest, even if deficiencies in the procurement process are found. Leisure-Lift, Inc. , B-291878.3, B-292448.2, Sept. 28, 2003, 2003 CPD Paragraph 189 at 10; Statistica v. Christopher , 102 F.3d 1577, 1581 (Fed. Cir. 1996). Here, GSA's price analyst testified that when the discount rate rises above [redacted] percent, the outcome of the price evaluation would "flip" in favor of Liquidity. Tr., Vol. 3, at 51. Based on the discussion above, if GSA repeated its quantitative analysis, adjusting upward only the warehouse price to reflect the actual discount rate of [redacted] percent, and not making any changes to the transportation discount rate of [redacted] percent (the midpoint of the agency's range for less-than-full truckloads and short hauls), the overall discount rate would increase to [redacted] percent, which apparently alters the outcome in favor of Liquidity. Narrative of GSA's Price Analyst, July 23, 2004, at 4. Adding in some portion of the long hauls and full truckloads that were not considered in the price evaluation would increase Liquidity's price advantage even further. The errors in the agency's price evaluation thus prejudiced Liquidity.
In considering the appropriate remedy here, we note that Liquidity has also raised a number of other protest challenges to the price evaluation, including that GSA's quantitative scenario analysis (1) relied on improper assumptions concerning gross proceeds and net proceeds, (2) failed to take into account differences in offerors' operational/financial business models or recovery rates, (3) improperly estimated the relative amount of services to be performed (for example, that transportation and warehousing services amounted to only 2-5 percent of the contract), and (4) improperly weighted the base and option years. Liquidity also challenges the evaluation of Maximus's proposed performance measures under the technical approach and related experience factors, and argues that GSA held improper discussions with Maximus over these measures. Our review of the solicitation indicates that the RFP is unclear with respect to these areas and does not adequately inform offerors how proposals will be evaluated. We recommend that GSA address these issues in its corrective action.
In view of our findings above, we recommend that GSA amend its solicitation to clarify how transportation and warehouse costs will be evaluated, how the pricing scenarios will be analyzed, and how the agency will evaluate performance measures. We further recommend that after revising the solicitation, the agency seek revised proposals, hold discussions if appropriate, and reevaluate proposals. We also recommend that Liquidity be reimbursed the expenses of filing and pursuing its protest, including reasonable attorneys' fees. 4 C.F.R. Section 21.8(d)(1) (2004). In accordance with section 21.8(f)(1) of our Bid Protest Regulations, Liquidity must file its certified claim for costs, detailing the time expended and costs incurred, directly to the agency within 60 days of receipt of this decision.
The protest is sustained.
Anthony H. Gamboa
General Counsel
[1] Although the RFP did not specify the weighted percentages applied to the factors and subfactors (this information was included in the source selection plan), the solicitation did state that technical approach was more important than related experience, which was more important than past performance; and combined, these factors were "significantly more important than price." The RFP also stated that the related experience subfactors were listed in descending order of importance, with the first three and last two of equal importance, and the past performance subfactors were of equal importance. RFP Section F.8.2.
[2] In addition, offerors were permitted to submit alternative pricing models that could better meet the RFP's objectives, including specifically the agency's desire to maximize net proceeds. RFP amend. 2, Section C.9.1.
[3] Offerors' operational/financial business models were presented in the form of spreadsheets that projected gross proceeds, net proceeds, and direct costs to the government based on the offerors' expectations as to how they would perform.
[4] Proposals received scored ratings from one to four, which equated to ratings of unacceptable, marginal, acceptable and exceptional.
[5] These scenarios, and the array of expected service volumes, were not disclosed to offerors in the RFP.
[6] The services volumes used in the scenarios were based on agency assumptions, and not based on offerors' anticipated gross or net proceeds as reflected in their operational/financial business models. The agency explains that this is because offerors' assumptions were "data elements," which the RFP stated would not be evaluated. RFP amend. 2, Section F.8.2.4.
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Knight Point Systems, LLC
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We deny the protest.
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MindPoint Group, LLC
We deny the protest.
Oct 16, 2020
Potomac Electric Corporation
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Island Pyrochemical Industries
We dismiss the protest.
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Alba&William elopement on banana farm in Gran Canaria, Spain was absolutely amazing!
Banana plantation in the Hacienda del Buen Suceso, Gran Canaria, Spain – dream venue for the elopement of Alba&William. I'm sure this was the best decision they could have made! It was such an amazing place to elope. Surrounded by all those fresh Canary bananas and the beautiful landscape they red their vows under the awesome wooden triangle.
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3º ESO. Basketball 3: Basic Skills
-This is the first thing to learn.
-After receiving a pass, you want to get into the "triple-threat" position so you can quickly dribble , shoot or pass.
-The ball must be far from the defender, so he can not steal it easily.
-Look at the basket and put the ball in one side of your chest. Turn your body so your body is between the ball and the defender.
-Keep your head up, centered over your body and your eyes on the hoop, but also seeing the entire floor.
-Be sure your shoulders are facing the basket with your knees bent and weight spread evenly.
-Your feet should be shoulder-width apart.
-Now you're ready to shoot, pass or dribble!
Image: http://jamesonbasketball.org
Look at this video from www.ehow.com explaining you how to do it:
SUBTITLES: 1. Clic the play button. 2. Clic on the grey rectangular button with two lines
The dribble is a push-pull movement of the arm.
-Your fingers must form a cup to adapt to the ball. Fingers and wrist must be relaxed.
- As the ball bounces back up, meet it with your fingers. Control the ball with your fingers, not the palms.
-Raise your non-dribbling hand up for protection.
-Control is the key. Practice dribbling with your hand the following areas of the ball: directly on top, in front, behind, right side and left side.
Control, or Low Dribble:
Use this when you're closely guarded.
-Keep your body between the ball and the defender.
-Dribble the ball at knee level or lower so it's harder for the defender
to touch it.
-Keep your free hand up to protect the ball. Keep your dribbling arm close to your body.
-If you keep you head up and eyes off the ball, you'll be able to see open teammates.
Speed, or High Dribble:
-Use it when you need to run with the ball quick: fast breaks after a steal, for example.
-Keep your body nearly erect, leaning forward slightly. Extend your dribbling arm completely, pushing the ball out in front of your body.
-Keep the ball near waist level or higher to help maintain maximum speed.
-Develop your confidence in doing this technique without looking at the ball.
Look at this video from www.ehow.com explaining you how to dribble:
SUBTITLES: 1. Clic the play button. 2. Clic on the grey rectangular button with two lines
Two-Handed Chest Pass:
-This is the most effective pass you can use.
-Use this pass whenever possible because it's the fastest way to advance the ball to teammates.
-Place each hand on either side of the ball and spread the fingers evenly.
-Fully extend your arms as you push the ball out from your chest.
-Be sure the pass is thrown with enough strength, with the ball parallel with the floor.
-You want the pass to arrive at your receiver above the waist and below the shoulders.
Image: www.zimbio.com
Two-Handed Bounce Pass:
This type of pass is good to miss the defender´s hands, but it is the slowest one.
-Use the same grip and motion with this basketball pass as you did with the chest pass.
-The ball must hit the floor about two-thirds of the way to the receiver.
Two-Handed Overhead Pass:
This type of pass is easy to control and helps you keep the ball away from your defender.
-Position your hands on the sides of the ball with your fingers pointed up. Your thumbs should be on the back of the ball and pointing in toward one another.
-Bring the ball up above your head (be sure your hands go straight up, not up and back over your head).
-It's usually good to make a step forward with the foot of your strong arm side when you throw the ball.
Baseball Pass:
Effective for long passes.
- Place the ball high above the side of your head with the passing hand behind the ball while the other hand is in front of and slightly under the ball.
-Plant your rear foot and step toward the receiver with your front foot. Try to keep both hands on the ball as long as possible and throw the ball with a quick wrist snap and arm thrust.
Image: http.//hiphopstan.com
Look at this video from www.ehow.com explaining the main types of passes:
SUBTITLES: 1. Clic the play button. 2. Clic on the grey rectangular button with two lines
Basic position:
-Your feet should be shoulder width apart with. Weight should be slightly forward on your toes, knees bent slightly, hips relaxed.
-If you're right-handed, place your right foot slightly ahead of the left (if left-handed, place your left foot slightly ahead of the right).
A good basketball shooting starts with the correct balance and your power for the shot comes from the legs, not arms.
Ball Placement:
-Hold the ball close to your chest and just below your chin. Your shooting hand should be positioned a little under the ball and and a little more toward the back. Non-shooting hand should be cupped, slightly under the ball and a little more toward the front.
Your fingers and thumb must be well spread and your thumbs and index fingers forming a "W"
-The ball should touch your entire hand except for your palm.
Prepare to shoot:
Lock your wrist and tilt it back.
-Your hand, forearm, elbow, knee and foot should be in a straight line.
-Don't let your elbows stick out at your side. Keep the elbow pointed at the basket and closer to the basket than your wrist. This prevents you from "pushing" the ball at the hoop.
-Keep your head up. Your weight should still be slightly forward on the balls of your feet, knees bent slightly, hips relaxed. Focus on the front of the rim before, during, and after your shot. Don't look away to watch the ball in flight.
Image: http://www.youth-basketball-tips.com
The Shot:
When you begin the shot, your weight should roll forwards, to the toes of your forward foot. If you lean backwards, on your heels, the ball will not reach the basket.
-As the ball leaves your hand, snap your wrist to release the ball with a back spin, necessary for a soft shot.
Follow Through:
Visualize putting your hand into the basket as you follow through. This will help you get complete elbow extension and wrist flexion during the follow through.
Image: http://www.youth-basketball-tips.com
Do you need to see all this to get a better idea of the shooting technique? Look at this videos:
Super slow motion shots:
A video from www.ehow.com explaining you how to shoot:
SUBTITLES: 1. Clic the play button. 2. Clic on the grey rectangular button with two lines
-Pick the side you are going to shoot from, right or left. Dribble the ball towards the basket with the hand of the side you are on.
-When you get to the three point line, have the opposite foot in front of the side you're shooting from. Put the ball in the hand opposite the foot in front.
-Run two giant steps towards the basket you're shooting at. About 1.5m from the basket, stop dribbling and jump off the foot closest to the basket. As you jump, your other knee should come up towards your chest.
-Throw your ball at the backboard top corner with the hand furthest from the basket (right hand when approaching the right side of the basket; left hand when approaching the left side). The ball should hit the backboard and pass through the net.
Look at this video explaining how to do a lay up:
-If you are right-handed, approach the basket from the right side.
-You must jump off the foot opposite your shooting hand (in this case, the left) and bring your right leg, hand and arm up at the same time.
-The left hand is used to protect the ball.
-Keep the ball close to your body on the way up.
-Your shooting hand should be in front of and under the ball with the fingers pointed up.
-You should release the ball with a slight flick of your wrist, fingers and elbow at the peak of your jump.
Image: http://a.espncdn.com
Look at this video from www.ehow.com explaining you how to do a good lay-up:
SUBTITLES: 1. Clic the play button. 2. Clic on the grey rectangular button with two lines


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If there's one application that just about every computer user in the world (and now, many handset users) makes use of, it's instant messenging. By Microsoft's estimates, there are over a quarter of a billion people in the world engaging in some form of instant messaging today and the fact that a real time communications application like IM has gotten that big without experiencing any really serious growing pains is not just a testimony to its scalability, but to our need to have not just information at our fingertips, but people as well.
One benefit of instant messenging that many people rely on is something called presence. With today's instant messenging clients, we can glean certain information about our what our contacts are up to at any given moment. Are they online, or present? Is their system idle (indicating that they're away from their desk)? If so, are they still present on the instant messenging network, but just via a mobile handset? In addition to our contact's IM aliases -- aka "screen names" -- what are their real names and phone numbers? Not only that, but today's free IM clients from Yahoo, Microsoft, and AOL don't seem to ever be resting on their laurels. Already, we can initiate VoIP phone calls, video conferences and whiteboard conferences with multiple people simultaneously and more functionality (for example photo sharing) is always on the way.
In the meantime, even though many businesspeople rely on the public forms of IM, vendors like IBM and Microsoft are trying to convince businesses that their real-time collaboration solutions -- solutions that typically require the installation of special behind-the-firewall infrastructure -- make it plainly evident that there's so much more to presence than what the public networks have to offer. The result, these vendors argue, is that businesses can be more efficient at everything thing they do and somehow, that could contribute to the bottom line (although that actual hard dollar contribution is hard to quantify).
Earlier today, I gave Microsoft's group product manager for real-time collaboration Ed Simnett the opportunity to make his case for why organizations that rely on public messaging clouds should be thinking about taking the application in house by using products like Microsoft's Live Communications Server (LCS) and the company's very recently released Office Communicator 2005: the Windows-based client that users would use to not only connect to an LCS server, but also reveal many more details (including calendar data and whether their on the phone or not) about other people who are connected to the "private cloud" as well as to communicate with external users who still operate in one of the major public clouds such as AOL Instant Messenger or Yahoo IM (yes, Microsoft's client integrates other IM clients). In a quick and dirty test, Simnett and I freely IMed each other while he was on the Microsoft client and I was on AOL, although it did take a while before his original request to "intrude" on my buddy list was received.
As you can hear from the interview (available as an MP3 that can be downloaded or, if you're already subscribed to ZDNet's IT Matters series of audio podcasts, it will show up on your system or MP3 player automatically. See ZDNet's podcasts: How to tune in), there are other reasons to put some sort of real-time collaboration infrastructure in place. For example, organizations such as ones in the healthcare of financial industries -- which must keep a virtual paper trail or ensure that all communications are encrypted (with no chance for circumvention) -- can use a centralized infrastructure like LCS to handle such background tasks.
Another scenario is where the private cloud is extended to include business partners or other relevant constituencies. If you have to contact someone who's outside of your organization but in your supply chain, you might be able to gather rich presence information on them as well, provided they're running the same vendor's real-time infrastructure you are. If they're not, some bare-bones integration between dissimilar real-time collaboration infrastructures is possible through protocols like SIP and Simple, but some of the rich presence data may be lost. During the interview, Simnett talks about how this barrier to integration will be overcome at some point in the future through the use of Web services and XML documents that essentially allow real-time collaboration systems to export their presence data. Toward the end of the interview, Simnett talks about the recently released Web client for LCS as well as one that will ship near year's end so that that connected Windows Mobile devices such as PocketPCs can also tap into a Microsoft-based "presence backbone."


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Submitted by Jessica M Larsen on July 17, 2013 - 12:29pm
Olga Khazan of the Atlantic explores what sets Finland apart as the best when it comes to education, unemployment, economics, and more. Featuring quotes from our very own Andrew Nestingen, this article explores why a successful welfare system has worked in Finland and what the United States can learn from the Nordic country.
Read the article here.


text: (Adds strategist's quotes, details throughout; updates prices) * Canadian dollar falls 0.3 percent vs greenback * Loonie touches C$1.3083, its weakest level since Sept. 11 * Price of U.S. oil rises 0.5 percent * Canadian bond prices edge lower across much of yield curve By Fergal Smith TORONTO, Sept 27 (Reuters) - The Canadian dollar fell to a two-week low against an advancing greenback on Thursday, after criticism of Canada's negotiating position on NAFTA by U.S. President Donald Trump lowered expectations for a trade deal by a Sunday deadline. Trump on Wednesday blasted Canada over the slow pace of talks to revamp the North American Free Trade Agreement, known as NAFTA. But Canada's Prime Minister Justin Trudeau dismissed the criticism, saying Canadians were tough negotiators. "Markets have priced in a lower probability of a NAFTA deal this weekend," said Greg Anderson, global head of foreign exchange strategy at BMO Capital Markets in New York. "That pushed us through $1.3050 and it snowballed from there." Canada sends about 75 percent of its exports to the United States, so its economy could be hurt if a deal is not reached or if Trump follows through on a threat to impose tariffs on Canadian autos. At 11:04 a.m. EDT (1504 GMT), the Canadian dollar was trading 0.3 percent lower at 1.3062 to the greenback, or 76.56 U.S. cents. It touched its weakest level since Sept. 11 at $1.3083. "I still think there is a reasonable probability of a deal this weekend," Anderson said. "It always gets the most intense right at the end on any type of negotiation because people actually have to move red lines." Trump has already concluded a text with Mexico, the third country in NAFTA, and is threatening to leave out Canada unless it signs up by the end of the month. The U.S. dollar climbed against a basket of six major currencies one day after the U.S. Federal Reserve raised interest rates for the third time this year. The Bank of Canada has also been hiking rates this year. BoC Governor Stephen Poloz could provide clues on prospects of another hike in October when he speaks later today. The central bank will release his prepared remarks at 5:45 p.m. EDT. The price of oil, one of Canada's major exports, was supported by the prospect of a shortfall in global supply once U.S. sanctions against major crude exporter Iran come into force. U.S. crude prices were up 0.5 percent at $71.90 a barrel. Canadian government bond prices edged lower across much of the yield curve, with the 10-year falling 3 Canadian cents to yield 2.42 percent. On Tuesday, the 10-year yield touched its highest in over four months at 2.472 percent. (Reporting by Fergal Smith, editing by G Crosse)


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Find great offers on flights from London with TAP and connect to destinations across Europe, Asia and the Americas. Experience the comfort of lie-flat beds and the best Portuguese cuisine when you choose to fly TAP Executive.
TAP serves the city of London through its main airports Heathrow Airport (LHR) and Gatwick Airport (LGW). London's busiest airports offer conference rooms, VIP lounges, duty-free shops, prayer rooms, internet service and restaurants and bars to make your wait as stress-free as possible.
The Heathrow Express offers the fastest service to reach Heathrow Airport (LHR), just 15 minutes away from the city centre. Though taking a taxi may be more comfortable, buses and rail are great choices for travellers on a budget. If departing from Gatwick Airport, you can use easyBus, a low-cost airport transfer that departs every 15 minutes, or take the Gatwick Express to reach the airport by rail in just 30 minutes from London TAP Miles&Go.


text: How to throw a Solstice Party, Montaninavian style #Entertaining#party#spirituality#winter#winter solstice Updated Oct 12 2015 (Posted Dec 21 2012) Guest post by Sarah My Yule decorations. (I also have some fairly gruesome photos of a burnt pig from years past.) Sometimes when I mention how into the Winter Solstice I am, I get some looks. I can almost hear the thoughts: "Ohhhh, yeah. That explains why she also eats quinoa patties." or "Her hair is always long and a little scraggly." or even "Is she Wiccan? Wow!" But my love of the Winter Solstice has nothing to do with Wicca and everything to do with the fact that I am a badass Montanan of Scandinavian heritage. And I have been getting my Yule on since 1995. Here is my guide for throwing a party for this kind of Solstice. I've grouped party ideas by age, but you can borrow from any category. How to throw a Montaninavian Solstice party when you're in your… TEENS Find a large, secluded yard/side-of-mountain and dig a large pit. Get a local farmer or butcher to kill and dress a pig for you. Without any real research or forethought, attempt to roast the pig in the pit you just dug complete with a Viking-esque lighting of the pit fire with a flaming arrow to protest Eternal Darkness. The flaming arrow part is definitely the trickiest. Turns out, you need more than drenching your fire pit in gasoline and more than an arrow wrapped in a gasoline drenched rag. You need homemade napalm and some tampons. I will leave the rest to you since *disclaimer* this whole endeavor is actually a very, very bad idea and you can get really hurt doing it. Don't worry about other food or beverages or activities. I'm sure you'll think of something. Be sure to invite EVERYONE. Related Post Agnostic seasonal decor: it's winter, not Christmas I'd love to get some ideas for non-Christmas-holiday decorations. DIY would be especially treasured. Something more winter solstice-based…or really just not anything overly Santa Claus/presents/Christian-centered.... Read more EARLY-TO-MID TWENTIES OMG, you have, like, your own apartment! And there's a futon in it and a kitchen! Time to officially invite friends over for Solstice night. Make snacks: Since you now live in a city in an apartment, the pig pit is out. But Solstice pretzels are delicious. Shape them into a pagan cross shape to celebrate the four seasons for extra ancient-ness. To be more Montaninavian, make some delicious bison Swedish meatballs. If you are employed at a salary commensurate with your experience (unlikely), splurge on some smoked salmon and crackers, too. Make drinks: You can buy alcohol on your own now but it's soooo expensive. Make it last by creating an extremely potent glőgg. Take everyone's keys away for safety. Keep the back door open for potential puking. Also, make friends bring more drinks. They'll usually oblige. Whenever you drink, say Skål and reminisce about your flaming arrow incident. LATE TWENTIES-EARLY THIRTIES You're growing up, and people who've been coming to your Solstice for a while or heard the arrow story have some expectations, but now you're pregnant, or have a baby, or a dog that jumps at loud noises, or a job that requires you to get up early, or a history of hangovers that makes the alcoholic nature of this event more intimidating. It's time to procure either a place with a fireplace and/or one of those outdoor fire pit thingies and transition your party to either a cozy fireplace party (smaller numbers, less tolerance of extreme drunkenness) and/or an outdoor party (to help dog/baby/early sleepers). Get a Yule log for the fire. You can make it yourself, or just get regular wood and call it a Yule log. Here's a twist. Get some holly, too for something that's still Scandinavian but, okay, a little New Agey. Get enough for each of your guests to get a branch or two. I, um, forage some from neighbors' yards, but you may have to buy some from a local flower shop or grocery store. Traditionally, Scandinavians burn holly in the Yule log fire to burn away sorrows from the year. Sorrows can be small or large, trivial or profound. They're private like birthday wishes. Over the years, my friends and I have burned away everything from bad hair days, to bad traffic, bad relationships, heartbreaking miscarriages, near-fatal illnesses, and deaths of our fathers, sisters and friends. Your friends should do this cathartic therapy on a full stomach. Do you eat local now? I'll bet… me, too! Keep the glőgg, pretzels and the meatballs, but now make your eats reflect your region. Add homemade schnapps or aquavit (be sure to allow at least two weeks for your flavors to percolate). MID-THIRTIES-FIFTYISH Same as above, but make it potluck. MID-FIFTIES-SEVENTYISH Did you downsize to a condo? Do you have, like, your own apartment?! Is there a futon and a kitchen in it? You are so set. Buy snacks — some pretzels, deli meatballs, and smoked salmon should do. Buy or make drinks, and whenever you drink, say Skål and reminisce about your flaming arrow incident. SEVENTY + Find a large, secluded yard/side-of-mountain and dig a large pit. Get a local farmer or butcher to kill and dress a pig for you. Light that pit on fire with a flaming arrow because you are a Sage, a Viking Elder whose awesomeness cannot be contained. Protest Eternal Darkness. P.S. Invite no one. Reporter Name * Reporter Email * Original text Enter the original text here. Edited text* Enter your suggested copyedit here. Notes You can add a note for the editor here. * Required information. Fix Typo Sarah I'm a Montaninavian turned Marylander. I am a school librarian in Baltimore working with college bound urban youth. I am a married mom to a 5-year old and a 5-month old. Besides drinking age-appropriate beverages, we like road trips, cooking, laughing and staying up too late. PREVIOUS How can I raise freethinking children in a religious community without seeming like an angry atheist? NEXT My son found my Barbie, said she was pretty, and turned her into a space explorer Show/Hide comments [ 14 ] Want to do this. I think my pagan mother-in-law would have a blast, as well as everyone one else I know. Reply .. oh my god, this post only got better as it went on. The end had me laughing really hard. I look forward to being 70+ and lighting a firepit with a flaming arrow. That's my new retirement goal. In .. forty-four years. Look out, pig. I'm comin' for ya. Reply A printed copy of this will be my christmas card to my mother this year. Thank you! Reply I just spit apple on my work computer I was laughing so hard – I can't wait to be 70+ and pull this off. Thanks for the inspiration. Reply Best holiday celebration guide EVER! Thank you! Reply This was great. I can't wait to be 70, because I apparently missed the flaming-arrow-gravel-pit-pig-roast thing the first time around. Reply My Viking does a giant Jul party every year at the family farm. There's a bonfire and some kegs and magical late night walks through orchards filled with mist. Last year they roasted a whole pig which he slaughtered himself. This year I think it's sheep. Scandinavians throw the best parties. Reply This is funny. Just want to acknowledge that first. Second, I need a Yule log and holly apparently. The idea of physically burning sorrows from the last year sounds very very good. Cathartic. Such a good word. Reply This is my favorite post ever. Reply I agree with everyone else- the 70+ one is the way to go. Reply I am loving this post. Certainly gives me options as to what to do next year for Solstice, leaning towards the burning of sorrows version. Thank you from a Montana girl. Reply Viking Elders FTW! I just wanted to say that in Spain the burning of sorrows is done in St. John's bonfires at the beach, on June 24th (you write them down, burn the paper, and then jump over the fire). I love solstice rituals!! Reply So what does it mean that my birthday is on the winter solstice? Should I be wiccan? Reply Not only am I a Native Montanan, but a diehard plant geek . I LOVE the solstice because it is the time when all the plants start to reboot and start anew, regardless of how crappy it is outside, or inside, or anywhere. All begins again on the solstice. Party on! Reply Join the conversation Cancel ReplyYour email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *Comment Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Notify me of follow-up comments by email. No-drama comment policy Part of what makes the Offbeat Empire different is our commitment to civil, constructive commenting. Make sure you're familiar with our no-drama comment policy.


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Pailhac tourism and travel guide
Photo is of Arreau at 1 km from Pailhac
Visit Pailhac: highlights and tourist informationTo Visit Attractions
Pailhac is situated in the Hautes-Pyrenees department and Occitanie region.
Popular places to visit nearby include Arreau at 1 km and Col d'Aspin at 5 km. For more places to visit and local tourist attractions see the map and listings below.
Pailhac, France: places to visit and attractions
Some of the places that we have visited and reviewed and can recommend when you are sightseeing close to Pailhac in Occitanie.
Note that all distances below are 'direct' and real driving distances will be greater!
Arreauless than one km (direction west-south-west)
Deep in the Pyrenees on a small river, Arreau is a delightful...
See Arreau guide
Col d'AspinScenery at 5 km (direction north-west)
The Col d'Aspin is an important mountain pass in the west...
See Col d'Aspin guide
Col de PeyresourdeScenery at 14 km (direction south-east)
The Col de Peyresourde is a mountain pass in...
See Col de Peyresourde guide
Col du TourmaletScenery at 18 km (direction west)
The Col du Tourmalet is a mountain pass in the Pyrenees,...
See Col du Tourmalet guide
Saint-Bertrand-de-CommingesMost Beautiful Village at 21 km (direction east-north-east), in the Haute-Garonne department
2000 years ago the town of Saint-Bertrand-de-Comminges had 10000...
See Saint-Bertrand-de-Comminges guide
Valcabrereat 22 km (direction east-north-east), in the Haute-Garonne department
Valcabrere deserves a visit because of the very lovely roman style...
See Valcabrere guide
Bagneres-de-Luchonat 23 km (direction east-south-east), in the Haute-Garonne department
Bagneres-de-Luchon is one of the nicest of the 'belle-epoque' spa towns...
See Bagneres-de-Luchon guide
Luz-Saint-Sauveurat 30 km (direction west)
The pleasant town of Luz-Saint-Sauveur is well placed to explore...
See Luz-Saint-Sauveur guide
Mont PerduHeritage Site at 36 km (direction west-south-west)
Mont-Perdu is a natural highlight on the border between France...
See Mont Perdu guide
Saint-Savinat 38 km (direction west)
It is the abbey church in Saint-Savin, and the...
See Saint-Savin guide
Lourdesat 38 km (direction west-north-west)
Lourdes is of course very famous as a pilgrimage...
See Lourdes guide
GavarnieScenery at 39 km (direction west-south-west)
The natural highlight of the Cirque de Gavarnie, a great...
See Gavarnie guide
Tarbesat 43 km (direction north-west)
The substantial gardens of Jardin Massey are the main place...
See Tarbes guide
Mont d'Astaracat 50 km (direction north-north-east), in the Gers department
The frescoes in the village church are the highlight of...
See Mont d'Astarac guide
... or see ALL recommended places to visit in Hautes-Pyrenees
Map of places to visit near Pailhac
Markets in and near Pailhac
- Arreau: market Thursday all day (1km)
- Saint-Lary-Soulan: market Saturday (11km)
- Bagneres-de-Luchon: market every day - seasonal market only (22km)
- Loures-Barousse: market Friday (23km)
- Bagneres-de-Bigorre: market Saturday all day (25km)
- Montrejeau: market Monday (26km)
- Luz-Saint-Sauveur: market Monday (30km)
- Saint-Gaudens: market Thursday (37km)
- Aspet: market Wednesday & Saturday (37km)
- Lourdes: market Wednesday & Tuesday & Thursday all day & Saturday all day & Monday & Friday (40km)
More information about Pailhac, Midi-Pyrenees
Tourist attractions near Pailhac, France
What to do at Pailhac? Some places with official tourist classifications and other places of interest to visit nearby that should provide inspiration if you are visiting Pailhac.
Grand sites of France
- Cirque de Gavarnie (39km)
Heritage sites
- Jézeau église Saint-Laurent (monuments on French pilgrim routes) (1km)
- Aragnouet chapelle des templiers (monuments on French pilgrim routes) (20km)
- St Bertrand de Comminges cathédrale (monuments on French pilgrim routes) (21km)
- St Bertrand de Comminges chapelle St Julien (monuments on French pilgrim routes) (21km)
- Valcabrère basilique St Just (monuments on French pilgrim routes) (22km)
- Ourdis-Cotdoussan église St Jacques (monuments on French pilgrim routes) (32km)
- Gavarnie église St Jean Baptiste (monuments on French pilgrim routes) (37km)
- Mont Perdu (38km)
Most beautiful villages in France
(see also beautiful French villages)
- Saint-Bertrand-de-Comminges (21km)
National Monuments
- Montmaurin Gallo-Roman Villa (41km)
- Marshall Foch house (43km)
Remarkable gardens
- Jardin Massey (44km)
- Jardin de la poterie Hillen (47km)
Sites of natural beauty
- Gouffre d'Esparros (14km)
- Col du Tourmalet (18km)
- Lac d'Oo (21km)
- Grottes de Médous (23km)
- Cirque des Crabioules (25km)
- Cirque de Troumouse (29km)
- Cirque d'Estaubés (34km)
- Cascade de Gavarnie (39km)
- Brèche de Roland (41km)
- Henne Morte (41km)
- Pont d'Espagne (42km)
- Cirque du Lys (43km)
- Gorges de la Save (43km)
Villages in bloom 4* (fr: ville fleurie)
- Tarbes (45km)
Geography and distances
Pailhac is in the south-west of France at 43 kilometres from Tarbes, the department capital (general information: Pailhac is 679 kilometres from Paris).
Geographical Information
Commune: Pailhac
Canton: Arreau
Arrondissement: Bagnères-de-Bigorre
Department: Hautes-Pyrenees
Region: Midi-Pyrenees
New region: Occitanie
Postcode: 65240
Distance to Pailhac
from Tarbes (prefecture): 43 km
from Paris: 679 km
from Calais: 901 km
from Nice: 565 km
from Bordeaux: 227 km
from Strasbourg: 851 km
Getting here
For driving distances to Pailhac from anywhere in France see driving distances and route planner.
We have 19 other places listed as being close (less than kilometres from ): Ancizan, Ardengost, Arreau, Aspin-Aure, Bareilles, Barrancoueu, Bazus-Aure, Beyrede-Jumet, Borderes-Louron, Cadeac, Camous, Cazaux-Debat, Frechet-Aure, Gouaux, Grezian, Guchen, Jezeau, Lancon and Ris.
This page in French: Visiter Pailhac


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Thankfully, the majority of head injuries are mild and the sufferer can get back to their normal life within a few days. However, for some people, this is not the case. The injury that they received in a workplace accident or in a road traffic accident is severe and the brain has been damaged. Adjusting to life following a brain injury is a challenge and the impact on the whole family can be profound.
If the injury was caused by another person or by negligence on behalf of a company or organization a brain injury lawyer can help you get the compensation that is needed to make adjustments to your home and lifestyle. If you caused the accident or if no-one was to blame you may have to rely on your own health insurance or on savings to help you cope.
Categories of brain injury
The category of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) that you sufferer is useful in predicting how well you will recover but doctors do not have a crystal ball. Most injuries are classed as mild. A mild injury may have been caused by you banging your head on a low doorway or slipping over in the street. It is common to feel a bit sick and dizzy for a while but no more. A complete recovery within a few days is expected.
In a moderate brain injury, you will have lost consciousness for between 15 minutes and six hours. You may also have lost your memory which is called 'amnesia' and this can last for up to 24 hours after the accident. With an injury like this, you will be kept in hospital for one night so that the medical team can observe you closely. If all is well the next day, you will be discharged.
However, you can have some on-going symptoms that can last for up to nine months. The most common of these are:
- Tiredness
- Headaches – which vary in severity
- Dizziness
- Cognitive effects including finding it difficult to think things through, remembering things, planning things, organizing things and concentrating
- Behavioral effects including irritability
Whilst it is common to be concerned and worried when you have these symptoms, they will ease off as the weeks progress. You should be able to return to work and all other usual activities within a few months.
In the most severe brain injuries, you will have been unconscious for more than six hours and will have had amnesia for more than 24 hours. You will have spent a prolonged period in hospital and may have in a coma for a long time. The longer you were in a coma, the less likely you are to make a complete recovery but there are exceptions to this rule and there are no certainties.
Rehabilitation and recovery following a brain injury
If you have suffered a severe brain injury, you will have a prolonged period of rehabilitation (months or years) to try to recover as many functions as possible. This is a period of great uncertainty and it can put you and your family and friends under a lot of strain. During the first few months, it simply is not possible to predict how your recovery will progress.
By the time you get to six months post-injury the picture is clearer. However, things can change a lot up to one year after the injury took place so it is wise to delay any major decisions about your care until then.
Psychological recovery can take even longer and so personality and behavioral issues can take many years to resolve or may be permanent. In comparison, the greatest visible, physical progress occurs in the first six months or so and progress after that is much slower.
Where your recovery takes place
Following the initial hospital stay, your recovery and rehabilitation following a brain injury may take place in one of three settings.
If your injury is very severe, you will not be able to return home and your rehabilitation will take place in an inpatient setting. A specialist rehabilitation team will work with you in a neurological rehabilitation center on a structured rehabilitation program. If you are well enough to go home, the same treatment can be delivered but on an outpatient basis.
Once you have developed sufficient skills to live independently, you can live at home with only a community rehabilitation team to support you.
Throughout the whole of the recovery period, the support of family and friends is essential.


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Iran is planning to boost crude processing capacity to 3.2 million barrels a day by 2021.
Speaking in a news conference on Tuesday, Oil Minister Bijan Namdar Zanganeh also called for a massive $200 billion investment to develop the oil industry, Shana reported.
"Crude processing capacity will reach 3.2 million bpd by the end of the sixth five-year development plan (2021) and early in the seventh plan," he said.
"Export of crude oil will increase following the rise in output. Ramping up oil exports is a top priority of President Hassan Rouhani's administration."
The plan puts Iran on track to reach its pre-sanctions oil production level of 3.6 million barrels. Output hit a 25-year low of 2.7 million bpd in 2012 after the US and the European Union intensified sanctions against Tehran over its nuclear program.
Iran was once the second-biggest producer in the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries, but sanctions significantly cut Iran's exports as it conceded market share to Iraq, now the second-biggest OPEC producer after Saudi Arabia.
Tehran pumped 2.8 million barrels a day on average last year. Data on Iran's preliminary tanker loading schedules suggest the country's overall exports is expected to total around 1.44 million barrels a day in February and about 1.5 million bpd in January.
"We need $200 billion in investment to increase extraction from joint oilfields and reach sustainable development," he said.
Zanganeh broke down the substantial figure into $130 billion for upstream sector and $70 billion for the downstream petrochemical sector, including for renovation of aging refineries and building new processing and production units.
To raise this huge amount of money, "a new model for oil contracts was devised", the minister said, referring to Iran's new contractual framework for oil and gas projects, which is officially known as Iran Petroleum Contract.
"Domestic financial resources can barely drive oil industry forward … Despite receiving $15-20 billion from the National Development Fund of Iran, we need foreign investment and, more importantly, technology."
Oil Ministry in November lifted the curtain on its new oil and gas contracts for international companies, and along with that, introduced 53 oil and natural gas development projects.
Officials say the IPC, which has been a subject of dispute inside the country, offers more attractive terms to foreign investors to develop Iran's untapped hydrocarbon reserves.
Zanganeh said increasing crude production from joint fields, in particular West Karun which is shared with Iraq, is a top priority.
Iran produces around 160,000 barrels a day from the field, but plans call for ramping up production to 300,000 barrels in 18 months.
Lukoil Deal
The senior Iranian oil official categorically ruled out an oil-for-goods barter deal with Russia.
Zanganeh referred to an agreement between National Iranian Oil Company and Lukoil to export crude oil to Russia's second-biggest refiner and said, "The deal has nothing to do with oil-for-goods barter with Lukoil … it [the barter] is all over."
Speculations mounted last year that Iran and Russia were negotiating a deal to exchange Iran's crude with Russian goods, with Iranian media citing officials at Moscow that the deal had been all but sealed.
According to reports, Lukoil is among several European refiners that have booked oil cargo delivery from Iran's Kharg Island to European ports in the next two weeks.
Petrochem Developments
Iran's petrochemical exports will reach $18 billion by the end of the current Iranian year (March 19, 2016), Zanganeh said, targeting $22 billion in annual petrochemical revenues in two years.
The Islamic Republic wants to become a major player in the global petrochemical industry by raising petrochemical production capacity to 180 million tons a year from around 60 million tons at present.
Tehran hopes to raise $70 billion in petrochemical investment over the next 10 years to fulfill its ambitions.
Meanwhile, the production of Euro-4 gasoline has soared nearly 10 times to reach 24 million liters a day since Rouhani took office in mid-2013, Zanganeh told reporters.
Iran imports around 8 million liters of gasoline per day, but it will become a gasoline exporter when Persian Gulf Star Refinery, Iran and Middle East's biggest refinery project, becomes operational by 2017.


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Termination of Foreign-invested Joint-stock Companies
Termination of Foreign-invested
Joint-stock Companies
According to Government Decree
38/2003/ND-CP dated April 15, 2003 on conversion of foreign-invested
enterprises into joint-stock companies, the procedure for termination of
the operation of foreign-invested joint-stock companies, liquidation of
their assets and dissolution of the companies is as follows:
-The Ministry of Planning and Investment issues a decision to terminate
the operation of the foreign-invested joint-stock company,
-The company must establish a liquidation board to liquidate its assets.
After completion of the liquidation, the company must submit the
liquidation file to the ministry for consideration.
The bankruptcy of foreign-invested joint-stock companies is conducted in
accordance with Vietnamese regulations for business bankruptcy.


text: Contact Us Get Directions For Driving Walking Transit Bicycling show options hide options Avoid Tolls Avoid Highways Avoid Ferries From To Fetching directions...... Reset directions Print directions What is the difference between a taxidermist and a tax collector? The taxidermist takes only your skin. ~ Mark Twain Paul D. Voytovich, CPA, CFP 3778 N. Buffalo Rd Orchard Park, NY 14127 tel: 716.667.2577 fax: 716.667.6928 email@example.com


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Derek Jeter Fractures Ankle In Loss To Tigers
Game one of the American League Championship Series was painful in more ways than one for Yankee fans. After rallying from four runs down in the bottom of the ninth inning, the Yankees lost in 12 innings to the Tigers. Shortly after the game came word that captain, Derek Jeter, has a confirmed fractured ankle suffered in the loss and will miss the rest of the playoffs.
Game one of the ALCS between the Yankees and Tigers started off as a nail-biter. New York loaded the bases three times against Tiger starter Doug Fister and failed to plate a run each time. Yankee bats continued to be frigid as the likes of Robinson Cano, Curtis Granderson and Alex Rodriguez combined to go 0-13. Rodriguez who was benched in the clinching game of the Division Series, left six men on base tonight and was pulled for backup, Eric Chavez.
Detroit was able to scratch out two runs in the sixth with shallow hits to right field by Prince Fielder and Delmon Young. Young later padded the lead in the eighth inning with a home run and the Tigers took a 4-0 lead into the bottom of the ninth.
Ichiro Suzuki got the stadium rocking with a two run home run to cut the lead in half. That's when Raul Ibanez made his case to be an October legend in pinstripes - again. Down to their final out, Ibanez tied the game for New York with a homer to right field. Sadly, the Yanks couldn't finish off Detroit and the game went into extra innings and hearts sunk all over New York in more ways than one.
Delmon Young came through for the Tigers again with a double in the top of the 12th, sending a ball behind Yankee right fielder, Nick Swisher. The very next batter, Jhonny Peralta, hit a ball to short stop, Derek Jeter, and during a dive to stop the ball from reaching the outfield grass, Jeter stayed on the ground in obvious pain. Carried off the field, Jeter couldn't put pressure on his left leg. As Jeter was helped to the clubhouse, Detroit added another run and polished off the Yankees 6-4 in 12.
After the game, Yank's manager Joe Girardi confirmed what no Yankee fan wanted to hear - Jeter has a broken ankle. Prognosis - not good. The Yankee captain will be out for the remainder of the playoffs. If the Yankees want to win game two and proceed on their journey to another World Series title, they'll have to do it sans captain.
First pitch is 4:07 PM tomorrow. What odds are you giving the Yanks without Jeter?