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Aryan-Dravidian divide is a modern political creation with no scientific or historical support
N.S. Rajaram
Science on Aryans and Dravidians
A recently published study comparing the genetic composition of Western Eurasian and Indian populations shows that the supposed Aryan invasion of India 3000 to 4000 years ago postulated by historians in the nineteenth century, and still found in many textbooks is contradicted by genetics. In articles that appeared in the British journal Current Biology, T.R. Disotell, T. Kivisild and their coworkers observe that the "supposed Aryan invasion of India 3000 – 4000 years ago was much less significant than is generally believed." A key mitochondrial DNA of the Western Eurasian strain accounts for at most 5.2 percent in Indian populations as compared to 70 percent in Europe. This rules out a recent common origin as postulated by the 'Aryan invasion'. Any split that occurred from a common population must have taken place more than 50,000 years ago, according to the study.
This is in agreement with other genetic data, showing that there were major migrations out of Africa into Southeast Asia at approximately the same time. It is worth noting that according to a widely accepted theory, humans evolved in Africa and spread into other parts of the world beginning about 100,000 years ago. This was during the last Ice Age, when much of the Northern Hemisphere was uninhabitable due to extreme cold. The Puranas also record that during an extended cold period, people from all parts of the world sought shelter in India in caves and rock shelters. This goes to explain the presence of ancient cave- and rock art at places like Bhimbetka in Central India.
Here is something really interesting. The authors of the genetic study note that this West Eurasian strain is not only insignificant, but also present in roughly the same proportions in North and South India. This means that there is no correlation between the languages of the population and their supposed Eurasian origin. The 'Aryan invasion' theory holds that ancestors of speakers of 'Aryan' languages like Hindi, Punjabi, Bengali and others were Eurasian invaders, whereas speakers of 'Dravidian' languages of South India (like this writer) were the original inhabitants of India. The genetic study contradicts this by showing both to have the same insignificant proportion of the West Eurasian DNA strain. So, according to science, there is no Aryan-Dravidian divide.
The recent reading of the Indus script shows that these findings are in agreement with findings from archaeology. Jha and I have read more than 2000 Harappan seals and they show that the Vedic literature already existed by 3000 BC. The iconography of Harappan seals is definitely Vedic.
The literary evidence of the Rigveda also contradicts any invasion from Eurasia. Some recent attempts to place the Rigvedic land in Afghanistan are seriously misguided. The Rigveda describes an established maritime society in which references to the ocean, ships and navigation are very common. It is not easy to see how such a society could flourish in land-locked Afghanistan. All in all both science and literature shatter the notion of any Aryan invasion. It is one of the aberrations of scholarship that belongs to what Millikan called 'pathological science'. Let us next look at its history and politics.
Dr. Ambedkar on Aryans and Dravidians in history
This fact — that the Aryan-Dravidian theory was of recent origin — was noted by Dr. Ambedkar also. As he wrote: "All the princes, whether they belonged to the so-called Aryan race or the so-called Dravidian race, were Aryas. Whether a tribe or a family was racially Aryan or Dravidian was a question that never troubled the people of India, until foreign scholars came in and began to draw the line."
This is supported also by the Manusmriti, another ancient authority. It tells us that Dravidians (in the geographic sense) are also Aryans who at one time had fallen from the Aryan fold when they stopped following certain Vedic practices and rituals. (Was this the reason that Sage Agastya went south of the Vindhyas, taking Vedic knowledge with him?) The Manusmriti has been revised many times to reflect changes in society and practices. In one particular place it describes Arya Desha as: "The land bounded by the mountain of Reva (Narmada), the Eastern Sea (Bay of Bengal) and the Western Sea (Arabian Sea) is Arya Desha. This is the land where black-skinned deer roam freely." That is to say, the Manusmriti identifies Arya Desha as none other than Peninsular India, which includes Dravidians. It also tells us that the inhabitants of this country are exemplary Aryans, worthy of emulation by all.
What this means is that the terms 'Arya' and 'Aryadesha' were assigned to people and their habitat depending on their conduct and culture— and not race or language. This also means that the assignment could change depending on whether the people had lapsed from their expected standards of behavior. So at the time when this passage in the Manusmriti was composed, the people of Peninsular India were considered exemplary Aryans. And this was because of their conduct — not language or race.
In fact only recently, a non-Brahmin community in South India known as Idigas, identified itself as Arya-Idigas. Vaishyas of course call themselves Arya-Vaishyas.
'Race science': Colonial-missionary politics, African Tragedy
The notion of Aryan and Dravidian as separate races, though a colonial European imposition continues to influence intellectual discourse in India. This is unfortunate because it rests on scientifically discredited beliefs. Writing as far back as 1939, Sir Julian Huxley, one of the great natural scientists of the century, observed: "In England and America the phrase 'Aryan race' has quite ceased to be used by writers with scientific knowledge, though it appears occasionally in political and propagandist literature. In Germany, the idea of the 'Aryan' race received no more scientific support than in England. Nevertheless, it found able and very persistent literary advocates who made it appear very flattering to local vanity. It therefore steadily spread, fostered by special conditions."
Huxley was referring of course to the rise of Nazism around the notion of the Aryan race. It should make one suspicious of the motives of the English, who, while denouncing racial theories in Europe, continued to classify their Indian subjects along racial lines. It was simply a politically convenient tool in their 'divide and rule' strategy. They appealed to the vanity of one group to make them feel superior to others (but still inferior to the English). They knew well that it had no scientific basis, but found it a convenient tool for use in India!
African tragedy
British were by no means the only colonists to indulge in such propaganda in the name of 'science'. This idea of dividing a conquered people in the name of 'race science' was a standard ploy of colonial officials and Christian missionaries. Much of the bloodletting in ethnic conflicts in Africa today is due to such mischief. Speaking of the recent Hutu-Tutsi conflicts, the French anthropologist Jean-Pierre Langellier wrote: "The idea that the Hutus and the Tutsis were physically different was first aired in the 1860s by the British explorer John Speke… The history of Rwanda [like that of much of Africa] has been distorted by Pere Blancs [White Fathers] missionaries, academics and colonial administrators. They made the Tutsis out to be a superior race, which had conquered the region and enslaved the Hutus. …Missionaries taught the Hutus that historical fallacy, which was the result of racist European concepts being applied to an African reality. At the end of the fifties, the Hutus used that discourse to react against the Tutsis."
Sound familiar? The Aryan-Dravidian conflicts are a carbon copy of the same racist divide, or the 'convert and conquer' policy. Fortunately that there is enough indigenous scholarship in India to fight and refute such political charlatanism, though it did succeed in dividing the people into mutually hostile camps. This was mainly due to the patronage extended to them by the ruling authorities— first the British and then the Marxist dominated Congress. Better sense is now beginning to prevail, though much too slowly. To their eternal disgrace, the 'Secularist' and Marxist historians of India and their political allies continue to peddle this racist nonsense in different guises. They shall live in infamy.
The basic problem with these race theories is that they are based not on any laws of nature, but man-made classifications that use externally observable features. As one scholar puts it: "The race concept has no scientific basis. Given any two individuals one can regard them as belonging to the same race by taking their common genetic characteristics, or, on the contrary, as belonging to different races by emphasizing the genetic characteristic in which they differ." As an illustration, instead of choosing skin- and eye color as defining parameters, if one were to choose height and weight, one would end up with African Zulus and Scandinavians as belonging to the same race. Noting such anomalies, Luigi Cavalli-Sforza, widely regarded as the world's foremost human geneticist, observed that such external features simply indicate changes due to adaptation to the environment. He points out that the rest of the genetic makeup of the human family hardly differs at all.
The same is true of misconceptions that lie at the root of the Aryan and Dravidian linguistic divide. The idea that different languages of a 'family' branched off from a single root language — sometimes called a proto-language — can be traced to the story of the Tower of Babel found in the Bible. Biblical beliefs like the creation of the world on October 23, 4004 BC have had great influence on the interpretation of Indian history and culture by nineteenth century Europeans. The great Max Muller himself admitted this Biblical belief was the reason why he used 1500 BC as the date of the Aryan invasion.
W.W. Hunter, another well-known Indologist from the same period was even more candid when he wrote: "… scholarship is warmed with the holy flame of Christian zeal."
It is a fact that even in linguistics, the study of Dravidian languages has been dominated by Christian missionaries from Bishop Caldwell (see above) in the nineteenth century to Father Kamil Zvelebil today. As a result, theological arguments rather than any scientific method are used in propagating their beliefs. Here is an example.
Murray Emeneau, a prominent Dravidian linguist, wrote as recently as 1954: "At some time in the second millennium BC, probably comparatively early in the millennium, a band or bands of speakers of an Indo-European language, later to be called Sanskrit, entered India over the northwest passes. This is our linguistic doctrine, which has been held now for more than a century and a half. There seems to be no reason to distrust the arguments for it, in spite of the traditional Hindu ignorance of any such invasion." Such a statement based on faith has no place in science. By no stretch of the imagination can such scholars be called scientific or even objective.
Cultural differences due to massive destruction
Culturally the differences that we find between North and South Indian temples can be attributed to the historical experience of the last few centuries. The Islamic onslaught destroyed centers of learning in North India. Alberuni who accompanied Mahmud of Ghazni on his campaigns in India wrote: "Mahmud utterly ruined the prosperity of the country, and performed there, wonderful exploits, by which the Hindus became like atoms of dust scattered in all directions. … Their scattered remains cherish, of course, the most inveterate aversion of all the Muslims. This is the reason, too, why Hindu sciences have retired far away from those parts of the country conquered by us, and have fled to places, which our hand cannot yet reach."
A historical fact worth noting that the last great school of Indian mathematics flourished in far away Kerala in the 14-15th century, where Madhava and his students worked on problems of Calculus and Infinite Series more than two centuries before Newton and Gregory. India before the coming of Islam had many great centers of learning. Taxila, Nalanda, Vikramashila, Sarnath and many more used to attract students from all over the world. Following the establishment of the Delhi Sultanate, for the next six hundred years, not a center of learning worth the name was established. (I leave out Islamic theological centers.) It was only in the nineteenth century that universities began to reappear. Even Jantar Mantar, the observatory in Delhi, was set up by a Hindu prince and not the Moghuls.
It is a historical fact that the influence of Islam has been much greater in the North than the South. This resulted in a loss of tradition and skills, which had to be more or less re-acquired beginning in the 18th century. The main influence in the north has been of the Moghul Empire, while in the south it has been that of the Vijayanagar Empire and its successors like the kingdoms of Mysore, Travancore and Tanjavur. It would be a serious error to project this back into early history— something like projecting back the Portuguese influence on Goa into the remote past.
At the same time, the differences should not be exaggerated. For instance, in Kashmir, priests are recruited from Karnataka, while temples in Nepal have priests from Kerala. The very fact that Shakaracharya established centers in all corners of India shows that he was not considered an outsider by North Indians even in those days. All this brings us back to politics as the main contributor to the Aryan-Dravidian divide including linguistics. The originator of the Dravidian language theory was Bishop Caldwell, the author of the highly influential Comparative Grammar of Dravidian Languages (1856, 1875). He placed Dravidian languages in what he called the Scythian Language Family. When another linguist (Gover) criticized Caldwell for his unsound theories about the Scythian family and Dravidian languages, it drew the following response: "It would have been well, if Mr. Gover had made himself sure of perfectly apprehending Dr. Caldwell's Scythic theory before regarding its refutation … as not only of considerable moment from a philological point of view but of vast moral and political importance."
It was politics that created Dravidian political parties like the DMK. EV. Ramaswamy Naicker (EVR, see above left was the founder of DK which soon broke into several branches one of which is the DMK which further broke into pieces led by Karunanidhi and the late M.G. Ramachandran and Jayalalthaa. Incidentally none of these was a Tamilian. EVR was a wealthy Kannada speaker from Coimbatore while Jayalalithaa came from an Iyengar family in Mysore. But if anyone, it is Bishop Caldwell who deserves credit as the founder of Dravidian parties.


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Paris - Clubs from France's two elite divisions of rugby union will be docked points if they fail to field an average minimum of 60 percent French-reared players per game from the 2017/18 season, the body overseeing professional rugby in France announced Tuesday.
The Ligue nationale de rugby (LNR) says that at least 14 names on the teamsheet must be qualified players referred to in French as JIFF (joueurs issus des filires de formation): they must have been registered with the French Rugby Federation for at least five years or have spent three seasons in an FFR-approved academy if they are currently under 21.
They do not necessarily have to be of French nationality.
Clubs run the risk of losing two points should they average between 13 and 14 on the 23-strong match-day squad and up to 10 points if that average falls below 10, the LNR said.
"I'm not afraid to say it, it's a small revolution," LNR president Paul Goze said after the French rugby federation's executive committee voted in the reform as part of its 2016-23 strategic plan.
Currently, clubs in the TOP 14 and Pro D2 are obliged to name 14 JIFF players but do not run the risk of anything more than a fine should they not.
The other key part of the reform, which follows the France national team's disastrous showing in the 2015 Rugby World Cup, is the decision to limit to 16 the number of non-JIFF players allowed in each club's 35-man squad.
Replacements drafted in to cover for injured players and non-JIFF players signed for training academies will be included in that list, but it will not implicate players brought in to replace the 30 internationals named on the France elite list before the start of each season.
"Everyone knows that we have to prioritise training (academies) and that we have more and more players trained in France playing," said Goze.

subset: commoncrawl


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Panos Tsagaris
All my art works presented at the 4th Thessaloniki Biennale of Contemporary Art are based on a series of international newspaper covers that I have been collecting over the last three years; all those newspaper covers had as their main article the economic crisis in Greece. These artworks juxtapose the transformation that my home country has been going through in the last few years with the symbolic transformation in the alchemical work during which the undeveloped consciousness (lead) transforms into a fully developed consciousness (gold). Life is a "purification" process in which we, as modern alchemists, are daily trying to elevate our "impure" self to the level where it can reunite with our "Divine" essence. The gold used in these artworks is a reminder of that process, a reminder of that ultimate goal.
Panos Tsagaris, June 2013
b. 1979, Athens, Greece
Lives and works in New York. Tsagaris received his BFA from the Emily Carr Institute of Art & Design in Vancouver, Canada. Through his work Tsagaris aims to express the emanation of the "divine" as it is reflected through the beauty and poetry of the everyday, in order to bring himself and the viewer closer to a state of catharsis. Ultimately, Tsagaris' work selflessly captures and reflects the divine spark that exists in the human soul. He has exhibited extensively in Miami, New York, Vancouver, Athens, Berlin, Milan, Paris and Hong Kong. Recent solo show: Clothed with the Sun, Kalfayan Galleries, Athens (2012). Recent group shows and performances include, among others: Picatrix: Davide Balliano & Panos Tsagaris, Galerie Michel Rein, Paris (2013) • THE GARDEN OF EDEN – EVIL – Near-Far, Palais de Tokyo, Paris (2012) • Gold, Imperial Belvedere Palace Museum, Vienna (2012) • The Quality of Presence, Chelsea Hotel, New York (2012) • OU.UN.PO. Symposium, archaeological site of Elefsina, Greece (2011) • The West at Sunset, Abrons Arts Center, New York (2010) • 2nd Thessaloniki Biennale – Performance Festival (Panos Tsagaris: Drawings and Performance titled: The Mystic Death of the Kiss) (2009). Panos Tsagaris is represented by Kalfayan Galleries, Athens – Thessaloniki.


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Current Newswire:
Linus Torvalds: Linux-2.3.51, and the pre-2.4 series..Mar 11, 2000, 22:27 (10 Talkback[s])
(Other stories by Linus Torvalds)
Date: Fri, 10 Mar 2000 16:45:25 -0800 (PST)
I just made a 2.3.51 release, and the next kernel will be the first of the pre-2.4.x kernels. That does NOT mean that I'll apply a lot of last-minute patches: it only means that I'll let 2.3.51 be out there over the weekend to hear about any embarrassing problems so that we can start the pre-2.4 series without the truly stupid stuff.
There's some NFSv3 and other stuff pending, but those who have pending stuff should all know who they are, and for the rest it's just time to say nice try, see you in 2.5.x.
The pre-2.4.x series will probably go on for a while, but these are the "bug fixes only" trees. These are also the "I hope a lot of people test them" trees, because without testing we'll never get to the eventual goal, which is a good and stable 2.4.x in the reasonably near future. Thanks,


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Ok,….I ate this weekend at a restaurant I haven't been to in several years. Not for any particular reason, but Linwoods just isn't on my beaten path…and I just haven't thought about it. How sad for me…had the most amazing meal there Saturday evening…my first soft shell crabs of the year, served on a creamed corn puddle, with pickled green beans.
And a watermelon salad with feta cheese and little scoops of cucumber sorbet on the top. So pretty…so delicious.
But you can't always eat out, and I had a big bowl of fresh cherries from Whole Foods at half price that needed a home….so I made a cherry clafoutis(pronounced kla-foo-tee'). The recipe I use is from an old French cookbook I've had for probably 25 years, but there are plenty of other versions around….one of which I will provide below. But it's a delicious eggy dessert that can accommodate almost any fruit…I added blueberries to the one above. And dead easy. This recipe from Williams-Sonoma is pretty close to mine…
OK, I know some consider me a recycling freak…and maybe that's true, because I spend part of my time here at work saving bottles and cans from the trash bins, and walking them over to the recycling bins. You know who you are, people.
And this Sputnik looking light fixture I won at an auction two years ago at Center Stage…it's been sitting in their development office ever since. I went down last week, to finally take it home(and do what with it I still don't know)….but I forgotten how big the damn thing really is. Probably 40-50 inches in diameter. So there I was on a super hot day, struggling with this thing on Calvert Street, trying to get it in the car without damaging it. Guess where it is now? That's right, back in the development office. I'm coming up with plan B.


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WikiMOOC, a volunteer-led online course about Wikipedia, in FrenchEdit
Tracked in Phabricator:
Task T117281
Task T117281
A dozen of French speaking Wikipedia editors —from France, Switzerland, Canada, Cameroon and Ivory Coast— started in 2015 a MOOC project, named WikiMOOC. Its aim is to teach (in French) how Wikipedia works, and to help people engage in actually editing. The project has been supported by Wikimédia France. The first session was held in February / March 2016, with more than 6,000 attendees. The volunteer group is now designing a second session: WikiMOOC #2, which will be open in March 2017.
WikiMOOC #1 overviewEdit
See fr:Projet:WikiMOOC/2016/Présentation/en about the first WikiMOOC edition.
WikiMOOC #2 overviewEdit
- Platform (where the course is hosted): France université numérique (FUN), a french MOOCs plateform mainly for universities
- Enrollment opening: 14th December 2016 (enrollment page)
- Course opening: 6th March 2017
- Course duration: 6 weeks
- Table of content: see the WikiMOOC #2 Table (English)
- → See also the Wikipedia Project pages (French) where the volunteers design the course.
The MOOC platform projectEdit
Content moved on Wikimedia MOOC platform.
See alsoEdit
Other courses about Wikimedia ProjectsEdit
- (English) en:Wikipedia:School of Open course (2013-2014 : 6 weeks, 4 editions, 30 to 150 people in each one, videos)
- (English) en:User:Piotrus/Wiki course (2014, Prezi)
- (English) WikiEdu Dashboard


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Casa Mia site conforms to W3C's Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 1.0, level A.
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Pins and needles, waiting for the Democrats to open in Charlotte. I am so worried the Obama campaign might stumble on an editorial from The Dallas Morning News and actually read it. Well, not that worried. That would take a lot of stumbling.
But what a shame if they did take the News' consistent editorial line -- or the same line from someone else -- as any kind of serious advice to be weighed. Again Saturday the News repeated its numbingly monotonous mantra to the effect that Obama needs to sound more like a Republican.
Yeah, and maybe we should all just tape our billfolds to our asses so they won't have to actually reach into our pockets.
The whole danger and disappointment of early Obama was that he kept looking like the best Republican the Democrats ever elected. Gun control, Guantanamo, invasion of privacy, habeas: I've lost track of all the smaller bones he tossed them. But the big one -- the backbone itself -- was too big to fail.
The entire thrust of the early years seemed to be about bailing out Wall Street and making sure no cockroach bankers ever got sent to the Big Motel. In total it was a tacit concession to the Koch brothers, who insist that we had all better keep the super-rich fat and sassy or they might just take back the money supply and keep it on their yachts.
We talked here last March about the growing body of evidence proving what a joke the whole Republican "Laffer Curve" dogma has turned out to be when put to the test of time. I'm talking about the idea that the best way to create prosperity is to slash taxes on rich people.
We've tried that. Since the 1950s top marginal tax rates in this country have been slashed to a third of what they were with no measurable boost to the economy. In fact when taxes go up, as they did under Clinton, we pay off deficits and the economy booms.
When taxes got cut the way the Koch brothers wanted under George W., the economy tanked so hard and so deep we still haven't broken water. But at least we're headed up there.
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This line about the "job creators" is the real tell. Beneath all the phony Joe-the-Plumber posing by Mitt Romney (puhleeeze), the job-creator line may be the one bit of truth to emerge from the Republican campaign. They truly believe that wealth, innovation and the ultimate security of the nation all come from the yachts. If the yachts sail away, we're all going to drown.
That's not a mentality President Obama should contemplate or compromise with for a moment or an iota. It's not sideways. It's upside down. It's the opposite of our history and our national destiny. It's not even American. It's more 19th century European.
This country was built by tree-chopping farmers, school teachers, printers, drafted G.I.'s, Diana Ross, Smokey Robinson and Bill Gates, not by plutocrats who think they have the right to bestow or withhold our prosperity like a dog treat.
I am sitting here with my fingers crossed hoping the Democrats will explode out of Charlotte with a battle cry, a call to take back our country from the European-style oligarchs who have subverted and corrupted it over the last 15 years. I'm proud of America. I want it back.


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This article gives an overview of Datto Network Manager's Switches page.
- Datto Network Manager
Datto Network Manager's Switches page lets you add, configure and manage switches on your Datto network.
- Navigating to the Switches page
- Using the Switches page
- Advanced switch status information
- Using the Switch Settings page
- Using the Port Settings page
- Using the Troubleshooting Tools page
- Additional Resources
Navigating to the Switches page
From the Navigation menu, expand the Manage tab, then click Switches.
Figure 1: The Navigation menu (click to enlarge)
Using the Switches page
Figure 2: The Switches page (click to enlarge)
- Click the Add Switch button to add a new switch. Read Getting started with Datto Switches to learn more about adding and configuring switches.
- Click Manage Templates to administer settings across your switch fleet. Read Datto Networking: Switch templates to learn more about global switch settings.
Below these options, Network Manager will show a list of all switches on the network, along with the following at-a-glance information:
- Device name and MAC address (click the switch name for in-depth status statistics)
- Switch description
- Model
- IP address
- Last check-in
- Uptime
- Ports (active / total)
- Power (available / total)
- Connectivity to the Cloud server for each device (represented as a horizontal bar graph covering the last three hours)
- A column for further actions for each device
Additional actions on the Switches page
To access additional management options for each switch, click the ellipsis icon in the rightmost column. Additional options are:
- Apply Template
- Create Template
- Reboot
- Move to Network
- Replace Switch
- Delete Device
Figure 3: Additional actions on the Switches page (click to enlarge)
Advanced switch status information
Click a switch's device name for expanded status information. The following new options will also appear under Switches in the Navigation menu:
- Switch Settings
- Port Settings
- Tools
Figure 4: The Switch Status page (click to enlarge)
Using the Switch Settings page
On this page, you can configure the following switch options:
- Spanning Tree Protocol (STP)
- Voice VLAN
- Quality of Service (QoS)
- Access Control Lists (ACLs)
- IGMP Snooping
- Jumbo Frames
- Monitor Only
Read Getting started with Datto Switches to learn more about switch settings.
Figure 5: The Switch Settings page (click to enlarge)
Using the Port Settings page
The Port Settings page shows all active ports on the switch and lets you configure them individually. Read Datto Networking: Switch port settings to learn more about port settings.
Figure 6: The Port Settings page (click to enlarge)
Using the Troubleshooting Tools page
The Troubleshooting Tools page lets you reboot the switch and test individual ports with the following tools:
- Cable Diagnostics
- LLDP Neighbors
- Ping
- Traceroute
- Connected Devices
Choose your tool from the Tools drop-down menu, choose the port from the Ports drop-down menu, then click the Run Test on Port button.
Figure 7: The Troubleshooting Tools page (click to enlarge)


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Sujaya, Singh and Abdul Razak, Zulhilmi and Agarwal, Renu and Ngu, Robin and Nyein, Lwin L. and Vasudevan, Sushil and Kapitonova, Marina and Kadir, Azida Juana and Visvaraja, Subrayan (2018) Ocular permeation of topical tazocin and its effectiveness in the treatment of pseudomonas aeruginosa induced keratitis in rabbits. Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 34 (1-2). pp. 214-223. ISSN 1080-7683


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The Rupee reaction petered the rally at its 6200 floor well before the November series was out and so things do not look well for the downward pressure building in, on the news of the "cosmetic taper"(Marc Faber) deciding to take the markets for a ride across Asia. It is mostly as ET reported, because of the perceived lack of quality stocks and globally because Dollar bond yields need to rise regardless.
Yields at 9.12% do not really threaten the India story but signify a sell down which given India's small base in FX, Currency and even commodity markets where a single import continues to equate the Indian equation to the underdeveloped Economies of Sub Saharan Africa if only in market perceptions. Moody's and S&P mandate for India apart, this as we mentioned last week is just one or two players and hot money choosing a quicksilver trade and the Rupee as a target for such trade does not necessarily mean another big cut in India markets. Trade should pick up around 6100 levels only and the Rupee should not move to any risky levels above 64.
Gold investors will remain in surfeit in this stage in the Global markets and that need not be correlated as strongly with Growth as other crises jumps in buying. Lack of Indian Investment demand for commodities an lack of demand at the pump in Oil in the US has still meant good overseas investment demand for Oil and Gold given the new lows
October data for Imports in this Fiscal at $280 Bln is down 4% and Trade deficit is still high at $90 Bln. The NRO/NRE Deposit swaps have apparently collected enough for a number around $20 Bln to balance this trade deficit as estimates for the CAD have been already brought down to $60 Bln. The October deficit is however just $8.8 Bln and Exports a healthy $27.7 Bln, the MOM increase in deficit probably immaterial.
The Sensex started the day 135 points down at open and is currently trading nearly flat from Friday's big cut on Nifty and Sensex. Also, the Tata Motors trade on the positive, post results trned out to be a dud bag as we said . Shorts on the market can however pitch in, shorting the Index though IDFC, YES and ICICI Bank are quite done in independent scrips and Pharma being defensives are also on the secular buying list apart from being good India portfolio picks. IT sells will roll back in this leg as they benefit from the "India, Sell" tags
However, one still feels the /Indian yield curve and growth story were back without threat of inflation and the rate hike affected in October and to be repeated now in December to 8% on the Repo rate is the mindless exercise which is triggering this spiraling of yields and only strengthen the rating agency view keeping India stable near junk than giving its due and correcting the rating' own regional imbalances and prejudicial biases, still favoring an untenable proposition like Brazil or Russia and a market failure like Turkey over a stable story like India.
Is India really fairly marked for a NBFC only kind of play with the coming high interest rate scenario?
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- WhatsApp continues Indian invasion as it breaks the 25 million active user mark (techinasia.com)
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Hartmut Ostrowski, the chief executive of Bertelsmann, owner of RTL, is to stand down as chairman and chief executive.
Ostrowski, who first joined the German company in 1982, will be replaced by long-serving chief financial officer Thomas Rabe on 1 January. The company, which also owns magazine publisher Gruner + Jahr and music joint venture BMG, said that Ostrowski is resigning from the executive board for unspecified personal reasons.
Rabe has served as chief financial officer since 2006, prior to this he held the same position at RTL in Luxembourg.
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The Bol dOr Mirabaud
The racecourse is as simple as it can get: Genève Le Bouveret Genève. There is only one mark on the course, halfway through the race (at Le Bouveret).
The real time winner of the Genève-Le Bouveret-Genève race wins the Bol dOr Challenge, which is presented each year, however if it is won three times in the previous five years by the same owner, it can be kept by the winner indefinitely. Only three boats have achieved this in over 70 years of the regatta: the Marie-José II owned by Horace Julliard (1961, 1962 and 1963), the Altaïr IX owned by Philippe Stern (1980, 1982 and 1984) and Ernesto Bertarellis Alinghi (1997, 2000 and 2001).
The Bol de Vermeil Trophy rewards exclusively the first monohull to cross the finishing line. As for the Bol dOr Challenge, it has to be won three times in five years to be awarded indefinitely.
Shortest distance:
123 kilometers or 66.5 nautical miles
26 boats in 1939
684 boats in 1990
526 boats in 2007
532 boats in 2009
100 volunteers
20 SNG safety boats
All Lake Geneva region rescue teams and police on standby
Winners of the Bol dOr in the past five years:
|2005 Okalys-Corum
|N. Grange L. Peyron (Décision 35)
|16h 29' 43''
|2006 Banque Gonet
|Quinodoz & Co R. Coutts (Décision 35)
|11h 45' 20"
|2007 Okalys-Corum
|N. Grange L. Peyron (Décision 35)
|10h 05 25
|2008 Zebra 7 GP
|Assoc. Zebra 7 Frank Cammas (Décision 35)
|9h 34 16
|2009 Foncia
|Alain Gautier Michel Desjoyaux (Décision 35)
|19h 33 26
Over the past few years, CORUM has undergone a complete transformation that has enabled it to achieve a perfect match between the products and the demands for quality and creativity that are the very foundations of its credibility. Its firmly upscale move is a logical result of the brands efforts to recapture its historical standing while significantly reinforcing its horological substance. CORUMs substantial investments have led to the integration of watchmaking skills, the development of production tools, the enhancement of human resources and the promotion of staff training. The result is a brand once again entirely in tune with its genetic heritage.
Positioned as an exclusive brand, CORUM offers high-quality watch collections featuring innovative and distinctive design, and equipped with sophisticated mechanical movements. Its 150 current models, spread between four key pillars Admirals Cup, Romvlvs, Corum Bridges and Artisans enjoy a legitimacy rooted in the brand history. The full set of collections comprises models at prices ranging from 5,000 to 1 million Swiss francs and giving pride of place to precious metals and horological complications.
In 1960, the first interpretation of the Admirals Cup model paved the way for CORUMs success. This model remains thanks to its history, which is inextricably bound up with major sailing competitions and prestigious sailors, as well as for its inimitable esthetic based on a twelve-sided case and a dial set off by twelve nautical pennants. These are its distinctive and unmistakable identifying characteristics.


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Buyer's Market in the Hamptons
What $10 million, $20 million and $50 million will get you after a recent correction.
This transcript has been automatically generated and may not be 100% accurate.
... I ... most of our deals out your all catch if you're coming and with a mortgage contingency are much weaker ... position and ... even a lot of my By areas that are very wealthy and don't need a mortgage to get a mortgage these days because the rates are so low ... and it's too late to tie up their capital ... in one place so a lot of people even though they don't necessarily need a mortgage will get a mortgage but when you're negotiating on a going a lot of contingencies one to make is clean and quick a deal for the seller's possible ... housing prices in the Hamptons are at a turning point and can be considered a bargain I found ... I'm here at home that was marked down from twelve point eight million ... to eleven point nine million dollars ... a commonplace price reduction for the area ... we ask ... what can you get for around ten ... twenty and fifty million dollars in the Hampden ... as the new Blighty report that Barron's Penta ... so we sat down to one of the area's top selling brokers to help with the answer that question ... this house is listed below the line and a block from the beach south of the highway ... and bridge countdown ... and you know it's about eighty five hundred square feet seven bedrooms seven plus ... it's ... not simply living space to beautiful master suites ... second property as bright outside the village of Beacon's ten ten ... and was really unique about as its assemblage of blocks so it's not just one house on one property there's actually adjoining parcels and the main house is eighteen thousand square feet ... and then there's the beautiful pool tennis core of the things you'd expect but it has wonderful pool house ... caretakers cottage and then a six bedroom guesthouse ... as well as a couple of ponds on the properties in the third ... property is a sixty acre golf course in Bridgetown and Norah ... and what's really interesting about the property is that it is to develop mobile and so in the development might somehow property are still intact ... so one could split up making a family compound but it's a really special property and that ... it's a it's your very own private us she rated Greece Cheong's designed eighteen hole course and I mean I don't think there's another property I can and often ... I think just being educated about the mark and you know understanding with anyone in the north of the house highway or soften the highway that is really a big factor at here are some people ... are really only one of the south of the highway ... all it means is that you're close to the beach but even the north of the highway properties are ... E-mail fantastic and a lot of times in a lot more privacy north of the highway on land north of the highway because its less developed there are some taxes to keep in mind out here there is a mansion tax which is one percent of the total purchase price of anything over a million which is essentially all the makan and then there's a two percent the comic preservation tax which is ... a fun that's used to ... keep open space which is really important to not over the balcony area ... that was brought about in the late nineties and ... so it's essentially three percent over the the the purchase price ... and then you have your closing costs like your attorney's fees in your inspections and that that's nominal fee now as compared ... to ... what I've seen about the market trends obviously you in two thousand ate to me now is tough and that we hadn't had contraction out here are the prices have gotten pretty out of control ... and so the correction actually it did slow things down for a couple of years but ... in the end it was good and what it brought about was more buying and investors coming and and developing more ... on that I think from two thousandnine its production prices shot up again very quickly I think the small correction right now is what we're seeing it's really a buyer's market ...


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It's cold. Real cold in New York. Twenty-six degrees as I write this. We've been deluged for the past two days. Not with snow. Nah, that was easy. We've been deluged by and with the most vapid and insipid media coverage over said snow imaginable. Interminable, mindless and vacuous coverage, each more inhumanely mind-numbing than the next. Sadistic news directors sent anchors to the outskirts of hell to plunge yardsticks into snow banks and warn citizens to stay home and not venture forth into the gelid world of the snowblind — as the anchor has indeed done! B-roll of Walmart and Home Depot shoppers looking now for a snow shovel. Cars careening out of control and spinning out perilously to the delight of demented news personnel who scream the sickeningly shrill "See! See, I told you!"
While I'm on the subject of weather. The idea of anthropogenic global warming causation models has never been clearly and accurately explicated by anyone. Leftie environmentaloids are being attacked by right-wing climate ignoramuses who, knowing nothing about microclimates, swear that this snow is a refutation of global warming and/or climate change. Leftie greenfolk hem and haw and flip through their playbooks in search of a valid riposte. Look, this is called winter. Followed by spring. It's called "the seasons." Cue Vivaldi.
And I prepare to make a visit to MSNBC to discuss the insane plans of newly-minted Democrat Hawaiian Governor Neil Abercrombie, a friend of Obama and his parents. Get this, he vows to end the birther controversy — which, frankly, had been all but forgotten in our torpid media — surrounding President Obama's true nationality and prove once and for all that Obama was born in Hawaii. What a schmuck. Here's what CNN reports.
"We'll do what we can as quickly as we can to make it inevitable that only those who wish the president ill, only the ones with a political agenda, will be the ones doing this kind of thing," Abercrombie said. "The president is entitled to the respect of his office and he's entitled to have his mother and father respected."
POTUS is thinking, "That's great. Thanks for nothing, Neil." My point: I'm amazed that our great intelligence apparatus hasn't forged whatever document(s) birthers insist have yet to be presented. Or, better, to produce that which is alleged to have been withheld. And, moreover, with Obama's second year into office, don't the doctrines of mootness or laches enter in? Does anyone even care? If it were revealed now, 124 years after his death, that Chester A. Arthur were born in Singapore, would anyone care? Obama was already elected in 2008. Granted, just two years ago, but what do you think could and should happen now if he was born in Kenya? And is it not amazing that his opponents, who would even sacrifice their young to oust Barry, have failed to seize upon this gem of invalidation. You know, as in "Hail to the Thief." Sorry, this issue has no traction among voters. And even Fox News won't touch it. So there.


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I'm sure Stephen Sondheim and James Lapine's classic 1986 musical Into the Woods wasn't my first twisted fairy tale (that might have been something by Jon Scieszka) but it's the one that made the strongest impression, and it continues to impress me today. The music is complex but catchy. The lyrics are clever. Add a showstopping witch as a villain/plot catalyst/antihero and it's no wonder the thing has seen multiple Tony awards and successful revivals worldwide.
As a fairy-tale retelling, I believe Into the Woods succeeds because it does the three things all retellings should: it understands the source material, it remakes it in an insightful way, and it adds its own value.
Respect the Source
The first line of Into the Woods is "Once upon a time." Its last line is " -- and happily ever after!" (Plus a tiny, tiny coda that sums up the musical's themes. More on that later.) Most of the characters are named for their roles: the Witch, Granny, the Baker's Wife. The first act spins together five separate tales -- one of them invented, but so pitch-perfect that it makes you wonder if you've simply never read it before -- and though they're performed with winks and wry smiles, they're played perfectly straight. The only twist is their combination, which is a pretty clever one, though increasingly common. The first act shows two things: that Sondheim got his inspiration from sources more reliable than Disney movies, and that he understands that the stories are sufficient, without change, to hold an audience's attention.
Then the second act happens.
Tear It Down
Spoilers! It's entirely possible to watch the first act of Into the Woods and quit happy. Sure, there's a called-out "To be continued!" but that act, like the second, ends with " -- happily ever after!" It's a good stopping point for little kids or, perhaps, adults uninterested in shattering a pleasant illusion.


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Protecting Interpreters and Their Clients: An Introduction to the Interpreters Guild of America
By Johanna Valle Sobalvarro
The Interpreters Guild of America (IGA) is a unit of the NewsGuild-CWA, a union representing journalists, interpreters and translators, social justice workers, and nonprofit and public-sector professionals. Its main purpose is to protect the rights of interpreters, who bear tremendous responsibilities and are vulnerable to a number of professional challenges. → continue reading


text: I'm an alcoholic, member of the Tamarac Group, and my name is Al. My sobriety date is March 2, 2004. I am gifted to serve as your District 9 Chairperson. The Area Assembly was held October 6-8th right here in Fort Lauderdale at the Marriot North. Thank you Richard S, the committee, and all the other volunteers for putting in endless hours and dedication in support of District 9 and the Area. Many thanks to all that attended. Our Speakers were amazing. We had 18 GSRs & 7 Alt GSRs who fulfilled their responsibilities to their Home Group by attending the Sunday Business Meeting. District DCMs/ACMs were there in force doing the deal. Awesome…. We had a total of 40 votes. It truly added to an educated Group Conscience during a spirited business meeting. We had 3 motions and 3 time sensitive motions. We also voted for the remaining Assemblies from July 2018 to April 2020. The next Assembly is at the Sarasota Hyatt January 5-7, 2018. Flyers are available on the table and on the District or Area websites for printing. I will be asking our Website Committee to put them on the Calendar. They will also be posted in the Area Minutes and on the Area Website. Please see your Subdistrict DCM/ACM for what transpired, what passed, and what failed. Just remember you can't be responsible if you don't attend and give your group a voice. The Area is contributing to Hurricane Relief for those Areas that had facilities and resources destroyed. Please see our Literature Rep if you would like to be involved on a Group or Individual level. On that note we had to cancel our Spaghetti Dinner due to the Hurricane. Our Support your Services Chair Joey B is reconciling the costs and in need of a permanent Co-Chair so if you want to be a part of some great events by giving back please see Joey. Briefly, we have written a short statement that GSRs can read in their Home Group regarding the tickets that have been purchased. "We want to thank you all who purchased tickets to the Spaghetti Dinner in advance. We hope you are all safe and no one was injured. All life is sacred and should be cherished. Going forward, we would like to offer that (1) anyone who purchased a ticket to the Spaghetti Dinner will have that ticket honored at the Winterfest Event with our appreciation or (2) anyone who has a ticket and wants to have their money refunded just needs to present the ticket to Joey our Support your Services Chair prior to the Winterfest event being held on December 2, 2017. We thank you all for your support and participation. In Unity thru Love & Service, General Service District 9". Our next event will be Early Timers hosted by the Archive Committee on October 21st and then the Gratitude Dinner on November 10th. More will be revealed later in the meeting. There are 2 District positions open. We are in need of a PI/CPC Chair and an Intergroup Liaison to help carry the message. We will hold these elections together with our October Elections during New Business, Don't be afraid to try something new as you have the whole District behind you. Today we will be holding our District Elections for the following positions starting in January 2018; Archives, Literature, PI/CPC, Accessibilities, Website, Intergroup Liaison, Institutions Liaison, Room/Ride Coordinator, Support Your Services, and Carry the Message Day. If you are standing for either PI/CPC or Intergroup Liaison those positions start today and that time between now and the end of the year does not affect your term starting in January 2018. I'd like to welcome all who are new today and encourage you all – whether you are new or seasoned veterans in service – to find an area of service you may like in our District and lend a hand. We are blessed with an active and enthusiastic District here in Broward County. The last planning meeting for the Gratitude Dinner is October 29th at CRPC where we still have positions open for volunteers. Tickets will be available. Thank you all for your understanding, participation, and support. Remember to check the District website @district9aa.org for details on all upcoming events. Thank you all for your willingness & dedication in representing your Groups and carrying the message. In Unity thru Love & Service, Al K. District 9 Chairperson Area 15 Panel 67. Email:


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Del Mar™ Residential Grill
Developed specifically for boating and used around the world, Magma grill's are elegantly designed while providing efficient and reliable service in the harshest marine environments. This same elegance, reliability, and efficiency is now available in a residential model for your patio, balcony, or terrace. This exquisite product has been awarded a gold medal from the American Culinary Institute for "Best Pedestal propane Barbeque".
The Del Mar has been created with you in mind. Don't be fooled by it's small size. Tastefully designed it will compliment, rather than detract from your outdoor décor. The 100% 18-9 mirror polished marine grade stainless steel construction will be a reflection of your good taste. Its push button hide-away swiveling control panel make lighting and controlling th... See More


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You can now save £160 on the futuristic Oral-B SmartSeries 6500 CrossAction electric toothbrush
When it comes to toothbrushes you've got plenty of options. You can go with a basic manual toothbrush, a standard electric toothbrush, or you could go with a space-age smart electric toothbrush.
We're not telling you which way to go, because at the end of the day, what you do with your mouth is your choice. Obviously you should be doing brushing of some sort though. That's for your benefit and everyone else in your vicinity.
What we are telling you to do is at least check out the smart electric toothbrushes, because the technology will blow your mind, particularly if you are still using a manual brush. Things have progressed quickly in the world of dental hygiene, and the latest batch of smart brushes are out of this world.
Take the Oral-B SmartSeries 6500 CrossAction electric toothbrush, for example. You can use bluetooth to communicate between the toothbrush and your smartphone, and — according to Oral-B — the brush removes up to 100 percent more plaque than a regular manual toothbrush.
The round brush head oscillates, rotates, and pulsates to break up and remove plaque, using a visible pressure sensor to ensure you are getting it right. You can also switch between five modes: daily clean, gum care, sensitive, whitening, and deep clean. All this technology helps to ensure you get the best clean possible.
The Oral-B SmartSeries 6500 CrossAction electric toothbrush normally retails at £229.99, but is currently discounted by a massive £160. You can pick up the latest in toothbrush technology for just £69.99 from Amazon UK right now.


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After using AI to analyze travel reviews, the Beverly Hills Hotel in Los Angeles discovered guests want to customize their breakfast, so they did away with the breakfast menu altogether and, now, allow guests to order precisely what they want every morning. Giving the customer more input and capabilities like the Beverly Hills Hotel is a top trend in restaurants, right now. Deloitte reports that 40% of customers prefer to order online, 50% who pay by phone would like to pay via app, and, by and large, customers want to be able to customize their orders. Our industry talks a lot about engaging guests and personalization, but these new levels of flexibility and customization are fundamentally about empowering customers.
To empower a guest is more than the notion of giving them total control. Empowering guests is to entrust them with the parts of their experience they can control. It is two-fold. Empowerment requires, first, offering choices where choices can be made available, and, second, giving guests the tools to make those choices where, when, and how they want. "Empower Me" is among the five guest needs Deloitte has identified as the foundation for an excellent next-generation guest experience. They say, "Next-generation guests require flexibility, and access that lets them shape their own experiences when and how they want to… on property it comes through engagement with relevant information, tools, and opportunities to help tailor the guest's unique needs and opportunities in the moment." Let's break this down into the essential components: information, tools, opportunities, and in the moment. I'm going to enhance these terms a bit.
On-the-Go Information
Remember when guests searched a website, made a booking, and after that, they dealt with whatever print information was available in the guestroom. Such a short time ago, really. But it's not enough for the next-gen traveler. Guests want to know what's available in greater detail than ever, on property and off. With big data, hotels can get a clearer picture of how to tailor that information for guests so that they aren't receiving irrelevant or overwhelming amounts of details. More than ever, guests need flexible, on-the-go access to that information, be it hotel details, concierge services, map views, or packages and offers. Hotels must cover all the bases. A relatively static website only serves a short-term, pre-stay purpose, and even then, only part of the time. Guests are working off their mobile phones as well as their own tablets, sometimes the in-room tablet, and require easily navigable apps they can click to go directly to what they want. At a certain point in the guest journey, they don't want to fuss with search engines and URLs anymore, nor should they need to.
Integrative, Interactive Tools
Tools are the highest degree of empowerment resides. Hotel tools that appeal to next-gen travelers should be interactive, allowing for rich communication and a high degree of engagement. Information is about figuring things out; tools are for making things happen. For instance, two-way chat should enable all manner of guest communication, from basic questions to housekeeping requests. A Comm100 report showed that travel ranks high, third among industries, receiving chat requests from mobile devices, with its close cousin recreation ranking the highest. As more hotels embrace two-way chat, more travelers will use it to empower their stay. The benefit most hotels find is in increased responsiveness to guests. Kerry Sholly of the Four Seasons notes, "Instant messaging keeps unhappy guests away from more public social-media outlets such as Twitter or Facebook, giving a hotel the opportunity to deal with an issue privately" (Washington Post).
Another example: allowing guests to order via app with customizable menus, from anywhere on property without having to find staff or dial a number. Proximity location tools empower guests to order immediately when they're ready from the lobby, the pool, the business center, and so forth. Total flexibility.
Proactive Opportunities
Giving travelers proactive opportunities to engage means serving them personalized messages and capitalizing on the moment of inspiration. Personalized push notifications allow hotels to create moments of connection that lead to ancillary revenue. Consider a family staying at a beloved resort. The mother has come before to visit the spa for a weekend, but this time the children are in tow. A morning message arrives: Let us take care of the kids in our afternoon camp for children. We'll book your massage for the same time. Suddenly the experience was tailored to her stay and just got a whole lot more rewarding.
In the Moment
Empowering guests is very much about making your property and its tools available at any moment, which means on whatever device for whatever purpose. It's little surprise that millennials, the Now Generation, rate the importance of empowerment approximately 20 times higher than those age 55-70 (Deloitte). Millennials' desire for "everything now" stems not so much from entitlement as the fact that these tech-savvy, digital natives know it's possible, so why not?
On-the-go information + integrative, interactive tools + proactive opportunities + in the moment = empowered travelers. These are intersecting functionalities—information and opportunities are delivered via interactive tools, which allow communication in the moment. What binds them all and makes them powerful are the tools at a hotel's disposal for delivery. While we're focused on the guest here, it's worth noting that the service industry reaps the rewards when guests are empowered. Service levels are higher, response times are shorter, reviews are more positive, and guest spend increases. Deloitte's restaurant report showed that when technology is used to place an order, frequency of visit increases 6% and average spend per visit increases 20%. Mobile tools, once touted for their ability to be monetized, are more about giving guests access to more of what they want when they want it—this is what leads to revenue.
About the Author
LinkedIn profile: https://www.linkedin.com/in/david-millili/
Seasoned business leader, David Millili, is the CEO of Runtriz™, a leading developer of innovative mobile software solutions for hotels, resorts, and casinos. He has more than 25 years of experience in the hospitality industry with practical experience in all aspects of hotel operations and management. As the GM of two iconic New York City Times Square hotels, his experience ranges from managing pre-opening operations to spearheading multi-million budgets. As co-founder of Timeless Hospitality, Millili was directly responsible for the successful launch of a startup company that generated impressive profits within six months of launch. Timeless Hospitality provided hotels with internet reservations, marketing, and management products and was one of the first e-commerce platforms developed for the exclusive purpose of generating web reservations for independent hotels.
David Millili served as the chief executive officer and board member of Pegasus Solutions, a global leader in providing technology and services to hotels and travel distributors. In this position, he was responsible for the company's global operations, technology and shared services as well as the company's reservation and distribution service lines. Millili assisted in the sale of all three business units. Millili also founded and led Open Hospitality to become a recognized industry leader in providing innovative hotel internet marketing services including web design, development, and hosting, mobile platforms, online search, and marketing. Open was sold to Pegasus in October 2011. He currently sits on a number of boards and as a former hotel general manager, he has valuable experience in all aspects of hotel operations and management.
About Runtriz
Runtriz delivers magic moments utilizing an open guest service platform that enables guest service amplification. We strive to enhance both the staff and guest service experience to optimize their time. With over 2000 hotels in 120 countries covering 50 + languages, Runtriz has the knowledge and experience to support your hotels' digital and guest engagement goals. We help our partners increase guest service results be delivering what today's guests want. To learn more visit Runtriz.com


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Directions0/0 steps made
- Preheat oven to 350 degrees F (175 degrees C). Lightly grease a cookie sheet.
- Beat eggs in a large bowl. Stir in milk, water, salt, and bacon fat until well blended. Gradually stir in flour to make a stiff dough.
- Pinch off pieces of the dough and roll into 2 inch balls. Place on prepared baking sheet.
- Bake in preheated oven for 35 to 40 minutes.
- Cool on racks. Store in a covered container in the refrigerator.


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Pandora hasn't added any dramatic features to the music streaming app since the big interface change and Chromecast support, but they have been putting in small but noticeable changes on a pretty regular basis. Today's update to version 5.2 focuses on expanding some of the latest functionality to tablets and expanding the sleep timer and alarm clock.
First of all, both are now available on the tablet interface, which is handy for anyone who uses their tablet as a bedside companion.Read More


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Tag: Paris Architecture
The German designer Lutz Huelle has a quiet yet illustrious design history in Paris, having crossed over after his London studies to assist Martin Margiela, when Margiela was still at the helm of his Maison. Today, Lutz's own label holds similar values—his aesthetic being concerned with recontextualizing parts of garments in an eclectic yet elegant melange. For fall 2014, part of that strangeness came from the sinuous whiteness of architect François Roche's futurist house, the Snake, where Lutz held a live shoot for guests to observe, photographed by Arnaud Lajeunie. The luminous, curvilinear space was the perfect backdrop for the designer's crisp poplin blouse wrapped in black silk tulle—a piece that captured the sense of chiaroscuro that underlined his collection in the tone, texture, and weight of fabrics. Whilst the black "space flower" print that sprayed across a high-necked blouse felt less compelling, Lutz's silvery shearling held a wintery freshness when paneled into a navy overcoat, as did the comfy mohair knits that popped in vermilion and electric blue. Thawley on Lutz Huelle F/W 2014 on VOGUE.FR
The German designer Lutz Huelle has a quiet yet illustrious design history in Paris, having crossed over after his London … More


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Let's get the ball rolling on your new or current project. Anything from strategizing to complete implementation. Just give us all the deets below and we can get things going for you. If you have any questions or need clarity on something you've seen please feel free to ask away below. Give me a few deets about your project or get some clarity on our services.
Jupiter X now comes with JetMenu, so you can fully customize your mega menus. Check out its awesome features here. (link: http://ow.ly/PEVk30nkQOS) ow.ly/PEVk30nkQOS


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The 23th december 2015 is the release date of the instrumental oriented album: "Guitar addiction 2".
Marco Iacobini is very happy and proud to have been involved in this great project with a lot of incredible artists. More than 60 musicians. 75 minutes of music.
Many music styles such as Rock, Jazz, Fusion, Metal. All in only one incredible shred album.
You can listen to his guitar solo on the first track: " Take care of her ".
More news, very soon. Stay tuned. The waiting is over.
Thanks a lot to Carvin Guitars, Truetone Pedals, George L's Guitar Cables, Arrel Audio Custom Devices.
Various Artists — Guitar Addiction Vol.2
Release date : Dic. 23, 2015


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Chemical Engineering with Energy MEng
Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringApply for this course >
Course detailsA Levels AAA Other entry requirements
UCAS code H840
Duration 4 years
Fees and additional costs Home/EU students International students
Related subjects Chemical Engineering Energy Engineering
Any questions?
Undergraduate admissions team
Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering
Telephone +44 114 222 7521
Email firstname.lastname@example.com
Website sheffield.ac.uk/cbe
Course description
If you're interested in sustainability and a low carbon future, then this course could be for you.
As well as learning the fundamentals of chemical engineering, on this course, you'll take specialised modules dealing with the supply, production, transport, storage and use of energy.
You'll study the environmental and sustainability problems associated with the burning of fossil fuels alongside clean energy systems and ways to reduce energy demand and use.
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Home/ Historical Writings / Church & Denominational History / James Aitken Wylie / The History of Protestantism
The History of Protestantism
by 'James Aitken Wylie'
Book 8 History of Protestantism in Switzerland From A.D. 1516 to Its Establishment at Zurich, 1525
Chapter 11 The question of forbidden meats
Resource Toolbox
The Foreign Enlistments The Worship at Zurich as yet Unchanged Zwingli makes a Beginning Fasts and Forbidden Meats Bishop of Constance Interferes Zwingli's Defense The Council of Two Hundred The Council gives no Decision Opposition organised against Zwingli Constance, Lausanne, and the Diet against Zwingli First Swiss Edict of Persecution Diet Petitioned to Cancel it The Reformed Band Luther Silent Zwingli Raises his Voice The Swiss Printing-press.
OUR attention must again be directed to the center of the movement at Zurich. In 1521 we find the work still progressing, although at every step it provokes opposition and awakens conflict. The first trouble grew out of the affair of foreign service. Charles V. and Francis I. were on the point of coming to blows on the plains of Italy. On the outlook for allies, they were making overtures to the Swiss. The men of Zurich promised their swords to the emperor. The other cantons engaged theirs to the French. Zwingli, as a patriot and a Christian minister, denounced a service in which Swiss would meet Swiss, and brother shed the blood of brother in a quarrel which was not theirs. To what purpose should he labor in Switzerland by the preaching of the Gospel to break the yoke of the Pope, while his fellow-citizens were shedding their blood in Italy to maintain it? Nevertheless, the solicitations of the Cardinal-Archbishop of Sion, who had sent an agent into the canton to enlist recruits for the emperor, to whom the Pope had now joined himself in alliance, prevailed, and a body of 2,700 Zurichers marched out at the gates, bound on this enterprise. [1] They won no laurels in the campaign; the usual miserieswounds and death, widows and orphans, vices and demoralization formed its sequel, and many a year passed before another body of Zurichers left their home on a similar errand. Zwingli betook himself more earnestly to the preaching of the Word of God, persuaded that only this could extinguish that love of gold which was entangling his countrymen with foreign princes, and inspire them with a horror of these mercenary and fratricidal wars into which this greed of sordid treasure was plunging them, to the ruin of their country.
The next point to be attacked by the Reformer was the fast-days of the Church. Hitherto no change had been made in the worship at Zurich. The altar with its furniture still stood; mass was still said; the images still occupied their niches; and the festivals were duly honored as they came round. Zwingli was content, meanwhile, to sow the seed. He precipitated nothing, for he saw that till the understanding was enlightened, and the heart renovated, outward change would nought avail. But now, after four years' inculcation of the truth, he judged that his flock was not unprepared to apply the principles he had taught them. He made a beginning with the smaller matters. In expounding the fourth chapter of the first Epistle to Timothy, Zwingli took occasion to maintain that fasts appointed by the Church, in which certain meats were forbidden to be eaten at certain times, had no foundation in the Bible. [2] Certain citizens of Zurich, sober and worthy men for the most part, resolved to reduce Zwingli's doctrine to practice. They ate flesh on forbidden days. The monks took alarm. They saw that the whole question of ecclesiastical ordinances was at stake. If men could eat forbidden meats without purchasing permission from the Church, might not her commands be set at nought on other weightier points? What helped to increase the irritation were the words of Zwingli, in his sermon, which had given special umbrage to the war party:"Many think that to eat flesh is improper, nay, a sin, although God has nowhere forbidden it; but to sell human flesh for slaughter and carnage, they hold to be no sin at all." [3]
It began to be clear how Zwingli's doctrine would work; its consequences threatened to be very alarming, indeed. The revenues of the clergy it would diminish, and it would withdraw the halberds of the Swiss from the service of Rome and her allies. The enemies of the Reformation, who up to this time had watched the movement at Zurich in silence, but in no little uneasiness, began now to bestir themselves. The Church's authority and their own pockets were invaded. Numerous foes arose to oppose Zwingli.
The tumult on this weighty affair of "forbidden meats" increased, and the Bishop of Constance, in whose diocese Zurich was situated, sent his suffragan, Melchior Bottli, and two others, to arrange matters. The suffragan-bishop appeared (April 9th, 1522) before the Great Council of Zurich. He accused Zwingli, without mentioning him by name, of preaching novelties subversive of the public peace; and said if he were allowed to teach men to transgress the ordinances of the Church, a time would soon come when no law would be obeyed, and a universal anarchy would overwhelm all things. [4] Zwingli met the charge of sedition and disorder by pointing to Zurich, "in which he had now been four years, preaching the Gospel of Jesus, and the doctrine of the apostles, with the sweat of his brow, and which was more quiet and peaceful than any other town in the Confederacy." "Is not then," he asked, "Christianity the best safeguard of the general security? Although all ceremonies were abolished, would Christianity therefore cease to exist? May not the people be led by another path than ceremonies to the knowledge of the truth, namely, by the path which Christ and His apostles pursued?" He concluded by asking that people should be at liberty to fast all the days of the year, if so it pleased them, but that no one should be compelled to fast by the threat of excommunication. [5] The suffragan had no other reply than to
warn the councillors not to separate themselves from a Church out of which there was no salvation. To this the quick retort of Zwingli was, "that this need not alarm them, seeing the Church consists of all those in every place who believe upon the Lord Jesusthe Rock which St. Peter confessed;it is out of this Church," said he, "that there is no salvation." The immediate result of this discussion an augury of greater things to comewas the conversion of one of the deputies of the bishop to the Reformed faith John Vanner. [6]
The Council of Two Hundred broke up without pronouncing any award as between the two parties. It contented itself with craving the Pope, through the Bishop of Constance, to give some solution of the controverted point, and with enjoining the faithful meanwhile to abstain from eating flesh in Lent. In this conciliatory course, Zwingli went thoroughly with the council. This was the first open combat between the champions of the two faiths; it had been fought in presence of the supreme council of the canton; the prestige of victory, all men felt, remained with the Reformers, and the ground won was not only secured, but extended by a treatise which Zwingli issued a few days thereafter on the free use of meats. [7]
Rome resolved to return to the charge. She saw in Zurich a second Wittemberg, and she thought to crush the revolt that was springing up there before it had gathered strength. When Zwingli was told that a new assault was preparing against him, he replied, "Let them come on; I fear them as the beetling cliff fears the waves that thunder at its feet." It was arranged that Zwingli should be attacked from four different quarters at once. The end of the Zurich movement, it was believed, was near.
The first attacking galley was fitted out in the port of Zurich; the other three sailed out of the episcopal harbour of Constance. One day, the aged Canon Hoffman tabled in the chapter of Zurich a long accusatory writing against the Reformer. This, which was the opening move of the projected campaign, was easily met. A few words of defense from Zwingli, and the aged canon was fain to flee before the storm which, at the instigation of others, he had drawn upon himself. "I gave him," writes Zwingli to Myconius, "a shaking such as an ox does, when with its horns it tosses a heap of straw up in the air."
The second attack came from the Bishop of Constance. In a pastoral letter which he issued to his clergy, he drew a frightful picture of the state of Christendom. On the frontier stood the Turk; and in the heartof the land were men, more dangerous than Turks, sowing "damnable heresies." The two, the Turk and the heresies, were so mixed up in the bishop's address, that the people, whoso minds the pastoral was intended to influence, could hardly avoid concluding that the one was the cause of the other, and that if they should imbibe the heresy, their certain doom was to fall by the scimitar of the Turk.
The third attack was meant to support the second. It came from the Bishop of Lausanne, and also took the shape of a pastoral letter to the clergy of his diocese. It forbade all men, under pain of being denied the Sacrament in their last hours, or refused Christian burial, to read the writings of Zwingli or of Luther, or to speak a word in private or public, to the disparagement of the "holy rites and customs of the Church." By these means, the Roman ecclesiastics hoped utterly to discredit Zwingli with the people. They only extended the reputation they meant to ruin. The pastoral was taken to pieces by Zwingli in a tractate, entitled Archeteles (the beginning and the end), which over flowed with hard argument and trenchant humor. [8] The stereotyped and vapid phrases in which the bishops indulged, fell pointless compared with the convincing reasonings of the Reformer, backed as these were by facts drawn from the flagrant abuses of the Church, and the oppressions under which Switzerland groaned, and which were too patent to be denied by any save those who had a hand in their infliction, or were interested in their support. [9]
The first three attacks having failed to destroy Zwingli, or arrest his work, the fourth was now launched against him. It was the most formidable of the four. The Diet, the supreme temporal power in the Swiss Confederacy, was then sitting at Badin. To it the Bishop of Constance carried his complaint, importuning the court to suppress by the secular arm the propagation of the new doctrines by Zwingli and his fellow-laborers. The Diet was not likely to turn a deaf ear to the bishop's solicitations. The majority of its members were pensioners of France and Italy, the friends of the "foreign service" of which Zwingli was the declared and uncompromising foe. They regarded the preacher of Zurich with no favorable eye. Only the summer before (1522), the Diet, at its meeting in Lucerne, had put upon its records an order "that priests whose sermons produced dissension and disorder among the people should desist from such preaching." This was the first persecuting edict which disgraced the statute-book of Helvetia. [10]
It had remained a dead letter hitherto, but now the Diet resolved to put it in force, and made a beginning by apprehending and imprisoning Urban Weiss, a Protestant pastor in the neighborhood of Baden. The monks, who saw that the Diet had taken its side in the quarrel between Rome and the Gospel, laid aside their timidity, and assuming the aggressive, strove by clamor tand threats to excite the authorities to persecution.
The Reformer of Zurich did not suffer himself to be intimidated by the storm that was evidently brewing. He saw in it an intimation of
the Divine will that he should not only display the banner of truth more openly than ever in the pulpit of Zurich, but that he should wave it in the sight of the whole Confederacy. In the June following, he summoned a meeting of the friends of the Gospel at Einsiedeln. This summons was numerously responded to. Zwingli submitted two petitions to the assembly, to be signed by its members, one addressed to the Diet, and the other to the Bishop of the diocese. The petitions, which were in substance identical, prayed "that the preaching of the Gospel might not be forbidden, and that it might be permitted to the priests to marry." A summary of the Reformed faith accompanied these petitions, that the members of the Diet might know what it was they were asked to protect, [11] and an appeal was made to their patriotism, whether the diffusion of doctrines so wholesome, drawn from their original fountains in the Sacred Scriptures, would not tend to abolish the many evils under which their country confessedly groaned, and at once purify its private morals, and reinvigorate and restore its public virtue.
These petitions were received and no further cared for by those to whom they were presented. Nevertheless, their influence was great with the lower orders of the clergy, and the common people. The manifesto that accompanied them laid bare the corruption which had taken place in the national religion, and the causes at work in the deterioration of the national spirit, and became a banner round which the, friends of Gospel truth, and the champions of the rights of conscience, leagued themselves. Thus banded together, they were abler to withstand their enemies. The cause grew and waxed strong by the efforts it made to overcome the obstacles it encountered. Its enemies became its friends. The storms that warred around the tree Zwingli had planted, instead of overturning it, cleared away the mephitic vapors with which the air around it was laden, and lent a greater luxuriance to its boughs. Its branches spread wider and yet wider around, and its fibres going still deeper into the soil, it firmly rooted itself in the land of the Swiss.
The friends of the Reformation in Germany were greatly encouraged and emboldened by what was now taking place in Switzerland. If Luther had suddenly and mysteriously vanished, Zwingli's voice had broken the silence which had followed the disappearance of the former. If the movement stood still for the time on the German plains, it was progressing on the mountains of Switzerland. The hopes of the Protestants lived anew. The friends of truth everywhere could not but mark the hand of God in raising up Zwingli when Luther had been withdrawn, and saw in it an indication of the Divine purpose, to advance the cause of Protestantism, although emperors and Diets were "taking counsel together" against it. The persecuted in the surrounding countries, turning their eyes to Switzerland, sought under the freer forms and more tolerant spirit of its government that protection which they were denied under their own. Thus from one day to another the friends of the movement multiplied in Helvetia.
The printing-press was a powerful auxiliary to the living agency at work in Switzerland. Zurich and Basle were the first of the Swiss towns to possess this instrumentality. There had been, it is true, a printing-press in Basle ever since the establishment of its University, in 1460, by Pope Pius II.; but Zurich had no printing-press till 1519, when Christopher Froschauer, from Bavaria, established one. Arrving in Zurich, Froschauer purchased the right of citizenship, and made the city of his adoption famous by the books he issued from his press. He became in this regard the right hand of Zwingli, to whom he afforded all the facilities in his power for printing and publishing his works. Froschauer thus did great service to the movement.
The third city of Switzerland to possess a printing-press was Geneva. A German named Koln, in 1523, printed there, in the Gothic character, the Constitutions of the Synod of the Diocese of Lausanne, by order of the bishop, Sebastien de Mont-Faulcon. The fourth city of the Swiss which could boast a printing establishment was Neuchatel. There lived Pierre de Wingle, commonly called Pirot Picard, who printed in 1535 the Bible in French, translated by Robert Olivetan, the cousin of Calvin. This Bible formed a largo folio, and was in the Gothic character. [12]
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NPP > JOURNALS > KAESRR > Vol. 0 (1900) > Iss. 10
Article Title
Swine day, 1968; Swine; Corn vs. sorghum grain; Growing-finishing pigs
Kansas swine growers are quite sure' that corn-fed growing-finishing pigs will outperform those fed sorghum grain. Just as many others feel that sorghum grain is equal to corn in swine rations. Most of the time sorghum grain is lower in price per pound than corn. Research results suggest that corn and sorghum grain are quite similar in chemical composition and in feeding value. Sorghum grain is more variable in crude protein content than corn. One recent comparison between corn and sorghum grain is summarized in this report.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, September 26, 1968
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Recommended Citation
Koch, B A.; Cowman, G; and Hines, Robert H.
"Corn vs. sorghum grain for growing-finishing pigs,"
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Vol. 0:


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Strategic planning: hardware manufacturing firms
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As a newly promoted vice president (VP), your chief executive officer (CEO) has invited you to participate in this year's upcoming strategic planning session. You know that this will be high-level type planning versus the more routine type planning you have done in the past. To prepare for this, you have done some research and noted the generic strategies model (cost leadership, differentiation, and focus) in a lot of the strategic-planning literature.
Using the generic strategies model on this Web site, http://www.marketingteacher.com/Lessons/lesson_generic_strategies.htm, complete the following requirements:
-Identify and describe 3 computer hardware manufacturing firms.
-Note which of the 3 broad strategies each firm seems to have chosen (low-cost producer, niche supplier, or differentiation strategy).
-Identify at least 2 specific tactics that each of the three employ to support your opinion of their method of competing.
-Describe whether the tactics you cited seem to be working. Be sure to include evidence on which you based your answer
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Three computer hardware manufacturing firms which I have identified are Dell, Sony and Apple. Three of them are completely distinct with each one of them having their own unique and peculiar features.
Dell is one of the largest technological corporations in the world, employing more than 96,000 people worldwide. Dell operated as a pioneer in the "configure to order" approach to manufacturing - delivering individual PCs configured to customer specifications. Also Dell uses JIT manufacturing approach which minimizes their inventory costs. Dell became the first company in the information technology industry to establish a product-recycling goal. Sony is amongst the biggest computer hardware manufacturing firms. It is known for its innovative and stylish products. ...
Solution Summary
Stretegic planning: hardware manufacturing firms, differentiation strategy, tactics