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Shortwave Center, July 1999
GTRK Murman QSL Verification
by James W. Young
Here is a short story of acquiring a QSL verification from GTRK Murman, with the help of many, many friends from far away places and circumstances. Some of you are not directly associated with listening to shortwave radio, let along asking for verifications. In any case, THANKS to all!
With the up and down policy of QSLing transmitter sites of the old Soviet Union, I found, like others, that patience was the only method of acquiring what one was seeking after. The following account is of the reward that comes from an attitude of 'never-giving-up,' and using every available method plausible.
I received my first QSL from Radio Moscow in February, 1960, while I was living in Seattle, Washington. No site was mentioned on this very 'generic' QSL. The second time I sent in a reception report to Radio Moscow, it was for an unusual reception of two Russian stations on 5015 kHz at 0530 Z, late in November, 1965. Much to my surprise, I received a QSL in one month with two sites verified; both Arkhangelsk and Vladivostok! Both these sites were in sunlight at the time, however there were very unusual propagation circumstances that evening. It was this QSL that sparked my interest in acquiring transmitter sites with Radio Moscow transmissions. They weren't forthcoming until the early 70's, at least not for me.
It was in this time period that I became intensely interested in tropical band DXing, and the study of propagation around the sunrise/sunset terminator (grey-line DXing). A Russian station on 5930 kHz (along with many other low band frequencies) was used in my new interest. Since the early 1970's, issues of the WRTVH listed this as Arkhangelsk…the site I had earlier verified on 5015. Most DXers were well aware that the actual transmitter sites were not reliably correct from the Soviet Union back in those days. A propagation study might yield more and better information on Russian transmitter sites, I thought.
In the 1973 WRTVH, the station listed on 5930 changed to Murmansk, and after a reasonable reception, I sent a report to Radio Moscow. This was the first of many, many attempts at verifying Murmansk. I knew I wasn't alone…and I am sure there were many other frustrated DXers; frustrated by this no/yes-yes/no site verification policy. First, it was 'no' because it was not a foreign broadcast transmission that was intended for North America. Then it was, "we cannot verify domestic service broadcasts." Back and forth I went with the staff at Radio Moscow. "How could you verify Vladivostok and Arkhangelsk?" was my query, supported by xerox copies of the QSL I had received a few years back. I never received any kind of response to that kind of specific question. It was always avoided in following correspondences from them. This went back and forth for many years. Frustrated enough, I turned my attention to the rare Island of Zanzibar, but that is another story.
My best reception of Murmansk happened on March 8, 1977, so I once again turned my attention to getting a QSL. I had by then received many site verification of nearly all the Soviet Republics, so I was encouraged. The reception was taped, and included the complete interval signal, a full Russian ID and program details…far better than I had before. My reception report was met by the same remarks, "sorry but we cannot verify any domestic service broadcasts." So I sent off a report in Russian to Murmansk directly (the first time). By now it was 1982. I was getting nowhere with Zanzibar, as I had been 8 years with Omar M. Omar sending me notes telling me to wait "indefinitely."
In 1986, I sent what is commonly called a 'care' package to Radio Murmansk through a Russian ham radio operator. It had a cassette tape copy of my 1977 reception, pictures of my station set-up, many Russian stamps and IRC's, a US $5 bill, an SASE, pre-made QSL card, and both English and Russian reception reports. I included several color photographs taken at the observatory I work at. I was really hoping to get their attention, and confident it would be fruitful. I was correct about getting attention, but probably not from the officials at Radio Murmansk! Two and a half years later, I received the tattered remains of the front of the envelope I had sent. There was some kind of Russian metal postal clip, Russian writings and stains of all sorts. I'm sure it was pilfered, nothing more or less. I went back to my interest in Zanzibar and after a direct (and expensive) phone call in late 1984, I received my pre-made Zanzibar QSL the next year!
Another DXer, Mike Hardester, sent me a copy of a letter from Radio Moscow he received in 1982. Although the letter doesn't state an actual site, it was a confirmation nonetheless! I made several more attempts through Radio Moscow and direct through the late 1980's and early 1990's, without any success. Soon, I fell away from my SWBC DXing interest with QSLing, as my increased work requirements at JPL took more and more of my time. I also had a greater interest in amateur radio, so Murmansk became less of a challenge, although I was soon chasing Port Blair, Andaman Islands.
My wife and I got on the internet in the spring of 1996, and soon discovered the growing web sites related to SWBC and QSLing. It sparked my interest once again, and I got back into serious listening, and concentrated on Port Blair which finally verified the following year. I stumbled upon the "Irkutsk Radio Club" and Mr. Feodor Brazhnikov in late 1998. Through his help and efforts, I got a QSL verification of a local broadcast from Irkutsk (Angarsk) for Radio Rossii on 7440 kHz. I eventually brought up my interest in Radio Murmansk, and he pointed me to Mr. Pavel Mikhaylov, a commentator of a leading program for radio amateurs in Moscow, called "Club DX," all by e-mail. I finally found an e-mail address for Radio Murmansk through that connection and had Pavel make an inquiry in Russian direct to the station. His plea went unanswered…but I was ready for that. He continued to send requests, but without a single response! All the time I am checking more and more Web sites looking for QSL's that have been received by various DXers around the world. The German version (which is in English) of the Swedish Report Service (SRS) is at <http://www.swl.net/swl-de/swl-qsl.htm> and lists recently acquired QSL cards from all kinds of world radio stations (the site is maintained by Martin Schoechi). Surfing this site, I found a listing of a direct QSL verification from Radio Murmansk by a gentleman in South Africa, Mr. Vashek Korinek. Mr. Korinek got a QSL via e-mail from the station chairman, Mr. D. Perederiy. In the SRS listing, the e-mail address was inadvertently misquoted as I got a return e-mail indicating 'undeliverable' when I attempted to contact Mr. Perederiy myself. I then contacted Mr. Korinek, and got the corrected e-mail address, but still I received no response. At the same time, Pavel in Moscow was still attempting to contact the station.
The English text of Pavel's 'plea' to Murmansk is as follows:
Dear Colleagues:
The editorial staff of the world Russian service of the Russian governmental international broadcasting radio company "Voice of Russia" has received a letter from radio amateur James Young (e-mail firstname.lastname@example.com) from the USA, directing his request for help in obtaining a verification report of his reception of Murmansk regional radio (reception report included), directed to your address in March, 1977.
FOR YOUR INFORMATION: Mr. J. Young (like many other amateurs of distant reception) tried in vain to get a verification from your radio station for 22 (!!!) years.
From our side, Radio Company "Voice of Russia" supports the legitimate request of the American listener and requests that you send to his e-mail address, the corresponding verification. We very much hope that GTRK "Murman" will find it possible to satisfy the rightful requests of foreign radio amateurs and bring to an end the negative perception of Murmansk Radio as a station groundlessly ignoring for many years listeners' reception reports.
The text of the report in Russian and English follows below.
With the best of wishes,
Pavel Mikhailov,
19 January 1999,
Commentator of leading program for radio amateurs "Club DX"
I was now really wondering if Murmansk was ever to be in my verified column! Then it hit me like a ton of bricks! As an astronomer, I have a colleague in St. Petersburg at the Institute of Applied Astronomy of the Russian Academy of Sciences. In fact, Dr. Viktor A. Shor had visited me at Table Mountain Observatory back in 1991 when he attended a conference in California. Having his e-mail address, I dropped him a line requesting assistance on a non-business matter. He was very gracious and offered to do whatever I requested. I then sent an extensive e-mail message explaining my very long standing attempt at confirming a radio station in Murmansk, and requested his Russian language assistance. He e-mailed them using a more current address, explained that he had a friend in the States that wanted help. Dr. Shor received an immediate reply in the positive, and e-mailed me back. I then sent Dr. Shor, via snail mail, a pre-made bi-lingual color QSL verification card, reception reports in Russian and English, and enough Russian postage stamps for all the necessary exchanges.
The English text of the reception report follows:
Radio Murmansk was heard on March 8, 1977, on a frequency of 5930 kHz in the 49 meter band from 0511 to 0520 GMT, or 0811 to 0820 Murmansk time. The SINPO was 43333. Program details are as follows: Female announcer at 0511-0514 GMT in Russian. A male announcer, then a pause for one full minute. The Murmansk Radio four note distinctive interval signal was played twice followed by "Govorit Murmansk" by a male announcer. He gave the time as 8 hours 15 minutes, then said, "Good Morning, Comrades." Shortly after a commentary followed about the forming of the 'International Women's Day Organization.'
Once Dr. Shor received my package, he forwarded the reception reports, pre-made QSL card and appropriate stamps to Murmansk, along with a cover letter explaining in detail what was wanted in return. In a few short weeks, Dr. Shor received the QSL card signed and stamped by the 'Chairman,' Mr. Perederiy, and e-mailed me that fact. I had Dr. Shor scan the QSL card to his computer, and then he sent the card directly to me. I received the QSL in the regular mail on May 10, 1999, some 22 years after the March 8, 1977, reception was logged.
On the card itself, the top line translated is GTRK Murman, or "Gorodskoj Tele-Radio Komitet" which is the "Municipal (or Government) TV-Radio Committee." The next line is the address, "RTV Center, sopa Varnichnaya, 183042 Murmansk, Murmanskaya oblast, Russia." Next, the text gives the Russian and English versions of the confirmation statement. The transmitter power and site are given only in English. The station stamp is translated as follows: The bottom clock-wise outer text circle states, "Federal Service of Russia for Television and Radio Broadcasting." The inner circle states, "Regional Government Tele-Radio Broadcasting Company Murman." The signature is followed by the Russian spelling of the name with the last handwritten words interpreted as "CEO-Chairman GTRK Murman."
Never having kept absolute records of all letters, I can only guess there were more than a dozen follow-up letters addressed to Murmansk, and a dozen or so specific to Murmansk directed to Radio Moscow. No one ever knows if letters arrive at their intended destinations, or are lost in transit (going to or coming back). In this case, utilizing the aid of a personal friend in Russia was the real key to this successful story. In the case of my Zanzibar QSL, the telephone call so astounded the woman, she probably thought a reply was absolutely necessary to her own well-being with Allah himself.
Now I will concentrate on RRI Denpassar, Bali, 3945 kHz, 1993; Abkhazia, Abkhazia, 9490 kHz, 1999; Beacon, Anguilla, 6090 kHz, 1998; Gantok, Sikkim, 3390 kHz, 1999; Panaji, Goa, 7250 kHz, 1998; and Lubumbashi, Katanga, 4754 kHz, 1988.
Copyright May, 1999, by J. W. Young
Reprinted here with permission.
Guatemala: R. Buenas Nuevas
by Marlin A. Field
The following was received from R. Buenas Nuevas, 4800 kHz. In 1998, the station received $13,169.00 for its operation. Of this 72% came from Mam Churches; 4% from Spanish Churches which have TGMI on their Mission Budget; 7% from other groups; and 15% from CAM International. Radio Buenas Nuevas is one of the three stations CAM International operates in Guatemala.
An Early History of NASWA
Originally compiled by Don Jensen
Edited by Richard A. D'Angelo
Shortly after retirement, Don Jensen began cleaning out his files. One item he sent to me (RAD) was his notes concerning the early history of the Club from March 1962 through September 1965. I've done my best to go through those notes to capture the essential information for club historians. The best way to begin is with some words from Don: "I joined NASWA in the summer of 1963. Data prior to that is based simply on information in bulletins which I have acquired; after that, from a combination of bulletin data and my memory." Don and I encourage any other long-standing member to feel free to contribute to building our historical base of knowledge about our club's early days. During the early years, it was not uncommon for bulletins to be incorrectly numbered. Many of Don's bulletins from this era were not numbered correctly. We think Don's collection begins with the fourth bulletin published, but you can never really be sure. Anyone out there have issues 1 through 3? Sometimes a numbering problem would be perpetuated for many months before being corrected. Also, missed bulletins were a fairly common occurrence in the hobby during this period. Small club treasuries and antiquated, manual printing methods squeezed clubs. NASA, as it was known in the days before the space agency, was not immune to the problems of all the struggling clubs of that era. The following is a month-by-month chronology of this 3-plus year period in club history. To the best of my knowledge, this information has not been previously published.
Vol. 1, No. 4 (March 1, 1962), my first NASA bulletin, was printed in purple ink (ditto) prior to mimeograph machines. The bulletin had no name. Frendx was chosen later. The masthead was printed and showed the crossed out name of the original president, Sterling Pike who lived in Newfoundland, Canada. Richard D. Roll of Hamburg, NY, was listed as the Secretary/Treasurer, although he had just become president. The club had an every-other-month bulletin, which would make September 1961, Vol. 1, No. 1. However, in September, 1962, Roll editorialized that the club was celebrating its 2nd birthday (Don believes he meant the club was starting its second year as there is nothing to indicate the founding was as early as September 1960). Also, Roll indicated the first bulletin was only one page. The shortwave section editor was Raymond LaPointe of South Boston, MA, and the BCB editor was Bob McAfee of Quincy, MA.
Vol. 1, No. 5 was dated May 1, 1962. John T. Arthur of Endicott, NY, was named the new BCB editor and Bill Eddings of Altoona, PA, was named the Tape/Card Swap editor. The membership list showed 44 members including #1 Pike, #2 LaPointe, #3 Stanley Mucha, #4 Colin Moody, #5 Roll, #6 Curt Webber, #7 Jack Kocak, #8 Tom Fincher, #9 Dorsey Wood, #10 Ralph Kerstein, #16 George Cox, #22 Eddings, #33 Arthur. Eddings column was sub-headed Friendship Corner, which was the first reference to the theme, which would dominate his hobby interests, and become the slogan "Unity and Friendship."
Vol. 1, No. 6, July 1962, contains a Ham Band column introduced with Gary Rolinson of Beaver Falls, PA, as its editor. Richard Orcutt replaced LaPointe as SWBC editor. NASA's first award program was announced, in five categories, for 50 SWBC QSLs, 50 ham QSLs, 50 card swaps, 50 medium wave station QSLs, and 50 CB station QSLs. The club now had 57 members, including #51 Doug Benson and #55 Orcutt. The bulletin contained the first of many lectures of friendship by Bill Eddings.
Vol. 2, No. 1, September 1, 1962, the bulletin goes from bi-monthly to monthly and is 18 pages. The club switched from "ditto" to mimeo printing. Membership was up to 69 members, including #58 William Hutchinson, #59 Don Erickson, #63 David Alessi, and #67 Ron Luyster. Dues in the US and Canada were raised to $2.50 a year. Luyster took over from Roll the compilation of the NASA Newsroom column featuring newspaper clippings. It would eventually lead to the establishment of the Shortwave Center column.
Vol. 2, No. 2, October 1, 1962: Membership was at 75 including #71 Larry Marshall and #75 Detlef Schuler of Germany, the first foreign member.
Vol. 2, No. 3, November 1, 1962: Fifteen year old high school sophomore Bill Zielinski of Lancaster, NY, was named NASA's first Technical editor. The column was called Tech Trails. membership stood at 78.
Vol. 2, No. 4, December 1, 1962: Membership now stood at 88. Lavoyd Kuney, #85, became the Ham Band editor, replacing Rolinson. Eddings wrote his first folksy Christmas message. The bulletin was 26 pages.
Vol. 2, No. 5, January, 1963: The slogan "Unity and Friendship" was used for the first time. The writing style of the headquarters column suggests Eddings had a role in writing it. The first NASA symbol rubber stamp was unveiled; it was offered to members for $1.70. Steve Raiche was added as assistant BCB editor while Dick Derickson was added as assistant Newsroom editor. Membership reached 92.
Vol. 2, No. 6, February, 1963: Eddings' Tape/Card Swap column was remained the Friendship Corner. The Unity and Friendship slogan was more prominently featured. Membership climbed to 103. The separate mailing rate for foreign members was established at $3.50 over the $2.50 domestic rate.
Vol. 2, No. 7, March, 1963: Warren Anderson (Card Swap) and Dave Alessi (Tape exchange) take over Eddings' Friendship Corner column. Eddings' writing style, particularly his use of the / "slash" (as in "Why not be an active supporter/reporter of the clubs to which you belong?) is apparent in the entire Headquarters column. Roll was still listed as president and HQ still in Hamburg, NY, but clearly his role in the club had been greatly diminished.
Vol. 2, No. 9, June, 1963: The bulletin becomes Frendx as a result of a name-the-bulletin contest won by member Bill Harris, from among 43 contest entries. In explaining his entry, Harris said: "We of NASA, via our bulletin, we are efforting to promote friendship and at the same time pass along our reports, experiences, items, articles pertaining to DX; therefore FREN with DX added incorporates both friendship and DX." Eddings becomes the Executive Editor with Roll listed as the bulletin publisher/printer. Robert Newhart, a GI serving in Germany becomes the SWBC editor. Nick Vrettos was names editor of a new column Space World. Membership stood at 144.
Vol. 2, No. 10, September 1, 1963: Serious problems struck NASA with no bulletins issued in July or August. Roll resigned in July as publisher. Eddings took over as editor/publisher, but had no access to a mimeo machine. Don Erickson volunteers to serve as printer, and does so for two issues. A fund drive was launched to buy the club a new mimeo machine of its own. Membership was at 161, including #159 Don Jensen.
Vol. 2, No. 11, October 1963: The mimeo fund grows slowly. The club gets publicity in Popular Electronics and Electronics Illustrated.
Vol. 2, No. 12, November 1963: NASA gets its own mimeo for $69.39, which was paid for by donations. Eddings will turn the crank of the cheap hand-operated machine thousands and thousands of times in the coming years. He would estimate that club work would take 40 hours a week of his time. Membership was up to 169. Dick Few of Rockville, MD, was named Ham editor.
Vol. 2, No. 12, December 1963-January 1964: The early years were filled with incorrectly numbered issues. Newhart resigned as SWBC editor, Few resigned as Ham editor. Richard Little (Ham) and Larry Marshall (Card Swap) became editors. Membership now was 175.
Vol. 3, No. 1, February 1964: Eddings and NASA move from old address of 1521 5th Avenue, Altoona, down the block to 1505 5th Avenue, where he would live the rest of his life. Elections for a 3-member board of directors was announced with 20 candidates nominated. Foreign membership rates increased to $4.50 whicle domestic remained at $2.50.
Vol. 3, No. 2, March 1964: Domestic dues were raised to $3.00 per year.
Vol. 3, No. 3, April 1964: Another crisis hits NASA with a slim 10 page issue with only HQ, Newsroom, and Space columns included. The editorial by Eddings pleads for reports and support.
June 1964: Eddings ceased the volume/issue numbers, which was a good idea since they were usually wrong. NASA has turned the corner. The bulletin looks crisp and sharp, seemingly settled into the basic mimeo format and look which the club would retain until it went offset years later. Elected to the board of directors: Lavoyd Kuney, John T. Arthur, and Don Jensen. NASA became a member of the newly formed Association of North American Radio Clubs (ANARC). Editorial staff included Doug Benson, Joseph Fela, Jr., Richard Little, Alan Herrington, Ron Lyster, Larry Marshal, Paul Gough, and Nick Vrettos.
July 1964-December 1964: Bill Sparks, Gerry Dexter, and August Balbi become members during this period. Vrettos resigns as editor and the Space column disappears from FRENDX forever. The club grew by around 12 members a month.
January 1965: The Shortwave Center column first appears, as a split off from the original Newsroom column, which eventually would become Listeners Notebook in later years. Arthur and Kuney leave the club and board of directors. Louis A. Stober was appointed to one of the board vacancies.
February 1965: William Strait was named to the other board of director's vacancies. Key FRENDX editors remain Benson, Fela, Little, and Marshall. Eddings first discusses the possibility of going to an all-SWBC format, but promises it won't happen unless members approve.
March 1965: The board of directors was drafting a NASA constitution. In a slim referendum a few months later, it is ratified, and promptly forgotten. As you can see, the early history of the club mirrored the "wild west" days in the United States. Club bulletin publishing was an adventure filled with trials and tribulations that only the brave could withstand. Nevertheless, there was a core of hearty volunteers that blazed the trail during this difficult time period. In my mind, Bill Eddings was probably the key individual in the club's history. He took a struggling club and gave it stability. He promoted friendship in the hobby like nobody else. Our slogan, "Unity and Friendship," still stands after all these years. These were the formative years prior to the club becoming all shortwave broadcasting in August 1966. In 1972, the club went to offset printing. NASWA for the 90s saw the FRENDX name retired (was history ignored during this re-engineering effort?) in favor of the current name, The Journal. As the decade draws to a close, the club rapidly approaches its 40th birthday. We think that celebration will be in September 2001, but who knows what history will be uncovered between now and then. That's a wrap on the early history of NASWA back in the days when the club was simply known as NASA.


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Akron city Review,
A city which is a county seat of Summit County in the USA state of Ohio is known in the name of Akron .Akron is also a major city in the Akron Metropolitan Area .Nick name of the Akron is Rubber Capital of the World. Other name of the city is Summit City and City of Invention
After decline and crisis economy of the city diversified itself towards the reseach, financial and high tech industry.
Akron is home of some important and beautiful buildings of the city consists of financial offices ,civic and government building .Restaurants and Shopping centers are of very diverse style .Names of some important places of the city are Ohio and Erie Canal ,National Inventor Hall of Fame ,University of Akron and Highland Square .
Akron is a place of large number of schools, colleges and universities which are playing an important role to giving the students valuable education .University of Akron is the main educational institute in the city.
Akron some important and beautiful Parks and other recreational venues .Ohio Erie Canal is still flowing throughout the city .Lock 3 park is a beautiful park in the city and is now converted into a outdoor ice skating pace City has some well known and historical important museum including Akron Art Museum, National Inventor Hall of Fame, American Marble and Toy Museum .Goodyear Rubber Museum is another important museum in the city./
City has a lot of attractions for the tourist. Some important attraction in the city is Stan Hywet Hall and Garden, Derby Downs, Firestone Country Club and John Brown House .Many festivals are also held in the city every year which have a great attraction for the tourists.
After reading the above mentioned information what are your comments about the city .Whether you say that Akron is a best city for your living?
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Americans, who face enforced austerity with the March 1 "sequester" of the federal budget, need only look across the Atlantic to see how they should not react to such spending cuts.
Europe is four years into its debt crisis, and last year it had appeared to be muddling through. But recent political instability in a few EU countries reveals a surprising level of public fear over dire economic conditions as well as anger toward elected leaders.
The results of Italy's Feb. 24-25 election were the most telling. Voters overwhelmingly rejected the austerity policies of Prime Minister Mario Monti. But no one party received a winning endorsement, creating enough political instability to rattle markets and political confidence in the 17-nation eurozone.
On Feb. 27, the prime minister of Slovenia was ousted following massive protests in a nation that once was Europe's shining new star but has seen its economy shrink by 2 percent.
And in the European Union's poorest country, Bulgaria, the government quit last week after days of protests over austerity measures.
The weakening of Europe's leadership through such public feelings of loss was also reflected in a New Year's warning by French President François Hollande. He told France to expect almost no economic growth and rising joblessness. In Britain, Prime Minister David Cameron had to offer a referendum on whether Britain should exit the EU, even as the nation's triple-A debt rating was downgraded by Moody's.
Last year, Europe thought it had seen the last of unplanned transitions in governments, which happened in Greece, Slovakia, and Romania. But while eurozone leaders were able to stem investor fears in financial markets, the Continent's economy shrank at a 2.3 percent annualized rate toward the end of 2012.
Youth unemployment is rising, reaching nearly 25 percent. Budget deficits are surprisingly bigger than expected, even in thrift-minded northern European nations such as the Netherlands. Europe's cherished social-benefits system is being whittled away.
Another political bellwether will be an election this September in the eurozone's financial bulwark, Germany. Chancellor Angela Merkel could be on the ropes if voters believe she has conceded too much in her insistence on austerity in Europe's troubled economies.
Fixing the debt overhang in the EU may now be second in importance to addressing the public backlash to austerity and the ballot-box anger. Voters could continue to simply switch leaders in hopes of finding a solution to the Continent's little or no economic growth.
America's big, clumsy cut in its federal spending may not draw the same level of outrage. But lawmakers must learn from Europe that they are dealing with fear as much as budget items and anger as much as tax rates.
A public sense of vulnerability cannot be ignored. The first step in building confidence would be to find a political compromise on difficult fiscal choices. The last thing the United States needs is to import Europe's instability.


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You are here
Families deserve access to everything they need to thrive. And that's why we're committed to providing compassionate, culturally competent and universally accessible health care for Kansas City. Partner with us as we build healthier families, enrich our neighborhoods and strengthen our community. Learn more about donating and volunteering.
Samuel U. Rodgers offers quality medical, dental and mental health care to everyone who walks through our doors — and we do this because of so many generous partners.


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Breakfast Cereals in Vietnam by Mintel Market Sizes provides you with annual year-end market size data, most recently updated in 2016. This market covers RTE (cold) adult and children's cereals and hot breakfast cereals. Market size comprises sales through all retail channels including direct to consumer. Market size for Breakfast Cereals in Vietnam is given in VND and tonne with a minimum of five years' historical data. Market Forecast is provided for five years. Included with this snapshot is socio-economic data for Vietnam. Population, Consumer Price Index (CPI), Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Exchange Rates.
Learn how to effectively navigate the market research process to help guide your organization on the journey to success.Download eBook


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- Message from the Head
A letter from the department head
2016 has been a roller coaster year for the department — amidst the high thrills of science discovery and developing new scientists, we have the heartbreaking news of the passing of longtime colleagues. Indeed, as I write this letter, I have just received news that in addition to the passing of longtime professors Suzanne Corkin and Whitman Richards, who you will learn more about in this newsletter, former professor and department head Richard Held has also passed away. Their dedication and service to MIT and to science is something that I aim to emulate everyday. As a faculty member and educator, I consider it my privilege to pass on their dedication to the next generation of MIT brain and cognitive scientists. We should all aspire to similar heights.
As difficult as it has been, this year has also had moments of beauty and excitement. In this edition of the newsletter, you will learn about BCS graduate student Cailtin Vander Weele and her drive to see art in the science she completes at the microscope every day. Her perspective on finding the beauty in things that may not always go to plan is inspirational.
You will also meet new BCS Associate Professor Roger Levy. Levy joins us from the University of California San Diego's linguistics department, where he spent the last nine years as a faculty member leading the field of computational psycholinguistics — the model-based, experimentally grounded study of natural language processing and acquisition. We are very excited to welcome him to the department.
Last, as I am sure that many of you have heard, MIT launched a major campaign— The MIT Campaign for a Better World—emphasizing basic science as one of the Institute's priorities. Basic science is at the heart of the department's mission. We are motivated to answer fundamental questions of how the brain works because we know that this will surely impact the world with dramatic advances in science, medicine, technology, education, and government policies. While great progress has been made, our most important work is still ahead of us. I am confident that with the support our friends and alumni like you, we will continue to be a leader in innovative brain and cognitive sciences research. If you are interested in learning more about the campaign and the department's funding priorities, I encourage you to visit our website at bcs.mit.edu/giving.


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By Andrew A. Smith
Scripps Howard News Service
I hope I'm not jinxing it, but I'm going to call the new Valiant Comics a success story.
The original Valiant Entertainment exploded on the scene in 1989 and quickly became the third largest comics publisher in America. But the company was sold to Acclaim in 1994, and management indifference and industry changes contributed to Valiant throwing in the towel by 2004.
The company has been resurrected by an entirely new team, and launched five new titles in 2012. Those books re-introduced most of the major characters of the old Valiant Universe, minus those whose rights were no longer available. I've read trade paperbacks collecting the first four issues of the first three titles, and I have to say I'm impressed.
First out of the gate is X-O Manowar Volume One: By the Sword ($9.99), which tells the story of Aric of Dacia, a 5th century Visigoth captured by aliens. He escapes enslavement by stealing (or being stolen by) the X-O Manowar armor, a mysterious, sentient Iron Man suit that is even more technologically advanced than his captors. Then he returns to Earth to discover, to his shock and dismay, that 16 centuries have passed! Everything and everyone he knew – including his beloved wife – are long since dust.
The art is by Cary Nord, formerly of Dark Horse's "Conan" books, and is well-suited to a physical-action series, especially the scenes set in the blood and grime of the 5th century. The writing, by newcomer Robert Venditti, impressed me less – it offered little new that I hadn't already seen in the 1990s, and the déjà vu was a bit disappointing.
But that's going to change with this summer's big X-O storyline, "Planet Death." Unlike his '90s predecessor, according to Valiant Publisher Fred Pierce, this Aric will attack the alien race that stole his life.
"X-O Manowar has always been the character I followed most closely in the early days of Valiant," Pierce said in an e-mail interview, "and now he's finally going to get the one thing he never could back then – revenge. Robert Venditti and Cary Nord have done a phenomenal job re-defining and launching this series last year. Now, they're gearing up this series to never-before-seen heights with the 'Planet Death' story arc."
Next up is Harbinger Volume One: Omega Rising ($9.99), which also resurrects a concept from the '90s. But this one takes everything up a notch.
Harbingers, in the Valiant Universe, are people born with psychic powers. They've only begun appearing since World War II (there's a hint Hiroshima may be responsible), and one of the first is Toyo Harada, who is exceptionally powerful – one of only two known "omega-level" Harbingers. Harada has used his powers to build the enormously powerful Harbinger corporation, which quietly recruits and trains Harbingers to use their powers constructively. Or so he says.
The other omega Harbinger is Peter Stanchek, a homeless American teenager being crushed by the downsides of his power – he can't tune out the thoughts surrounding him, he endangers everyone he loves and he doesn't know if he's sane or not. But one thing he's sure of is that he doesn't trust Harada, and he recruits other Harbingers of similar sentiment to battle this Professor X wannabe. The conflict between Harada's Harbingers and Stanchek's Renegades, and the murky moral ground both inhabit, is the core of the series.
And what a series it is! Written by Joshua Dysart (Unknown Soldier) and drawn by Khari Evans (Immortal Iron Fist), it jettisons virtually all superhero tropes except the super-powers for a fast-moving, morally ambiguous, complicated story with high stakes both for the world and for Dysart's three-dimensional characters.
A world which is expanding this summer with the new Valiant's first crossover, a miniseries called Harbinger Wars. It ties together both Harbinger proper and Valiant's third series, Bloodshot.
Which brings me to Bloodshot Volume One: Setting the World on Fire ($9.99). This series is also blessed with a terrific creative team, crime writer Duane Swierczynski and artist Manuel Garcia, who build a gritty, nasty little world for the lead character, a government operative with nanites in his blood that can repair virtually any injury but who has no core personality – he is fed different background scenarios to motivate him for each mission. When Bloodshot escapes and discovers the truth, he begins a quest to find out who he was before becoming an unstoppable killer – and if any of that man is left.
Which will somehow lead back to Peter Stanchek in Harbinger Wars, a series Associate Editor Joshua Johns says will "bring the Valiant Universe to its boiling point."
And I haven't even gotten to Valiant's other two titles, Archer & Armstrong and Shadowman. Those have also been resurrected from Valiant's heyday, and bring with them a couple of other core concepts of the '90s Valiant Universe.
And I, for one, can hardly wait.
Contact Captain Comics at firstname.lastname@example.com.
Views: 206
These sound really intriguing. My pull list is already much too full, but I'll have to consider them in my next trade paperback purchases.
© 2020 Captain Comics, board content ©2013 Andrew Smith Powered by


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Most of the energy costs spent to keep a Pickering home warm in the winter and cool in the summer end up leaving through the attic. In the summer, the sun's heat pours in through the attic and in the winter, warm air rises past the ceiling and out of the home. Saving on energy costs starts in the attic, but how much insulation is enough?
Are You Trying To Find Insulation Replacement Companies For Your Pickering House?
Although spray foam insulation as we know it today truly emerged in the 1980s around the Pickering area, spray foam actually has its roots several decades further in the past, beginning with the development of polyurethane foam in the 1940s by Otto Bayer. Otto Bayer, an industrial chemist, actually began working with polyurethane in Germany during the late 1930s. This technology was brought to the United States in the early 1940s by David Eynon, the president of Mobay, a war effort conglomerate created from the partnering of two chemical industry giants, Monsanto and the Bayer Corporation.
What is Insulation, Why Do We Have it and How Does it Work?
Spray Foam Insulation is a two-component system typically consisting of petroleum oils, plastics, and resins. The polyurethane foam comes in two different forms, open cell and closed cell foam. The polyurethane spray foam is an extremely versatile material that is available in a variety of final physical properties and densities. Although the two types of foam are very similar in their chemical structures their characteristics and capabilities differ in many ways, which makes it necessary for the user to understand the differences of the two materials so he or she can determine which is the right foam for their particular application.
The open cell spray foam insulation contains a density of 0.5lb. per cubic foot. The greater the density of the foam the heavier, or stronger it will become. This particular type of polyurethane foam is referred to as "Open Cell" because of the nature of the chemical reaction during the installation process. When the polyurethane foam is being applied the tiny cells of the foam are broken causing air to fill the "open" space inside the material, resulting in a soft or spongy material. The open cell foam carries an R-Value of 5 to 5.5 per inch (R-Value is the measure of thermal resistance, which can be found by identifying the ratio of the temperature difference across an insulator and the heat flux). 0.5lb. foam products use significantly less material than 2lb. foam products do when completing the same sized job, making them attractive to an individual concerned with conserving the foam material. Due to the fact that open cell foam requires less material, the cost of the project is much cheaper than it would be if you were to apply closed cell foam. Although, Open cell foam is an efficient and economical product it contains some disadvantages in regards to closed cell foam. One of the open cells disadvantages is it has a lower R-Valuer per square inch than closed cell foam does and open cell foam is vapor permeable requiring it to be covered with a vapor retardant material. Although, open cell foam has some advantages and disadvantages it has been recognized as an excellent insulator, air sealant and sound barrier.
There are many things a home or building owner should take into consideration when considering the type of foam that should be used for their particular application. Although both types of foam are by far the best insulators on the market, each type of polyurethane foam possess its own characteristics and capabilities. It is imperative for the user to identify which foam is right for them before applying the product.
Green Home Insulation
Movement of air in and out of a home can be a leading cause of escalated energy bills. Air can enter your house through holes, cracks and crevices. You can stop unconditioned air from entering your home and indoor conditioned air from escaping outside by adding an advanced insulation system to achieve optimal building performance.
Home Insulation
- With the cold season upon us, we thought it is important to write about insulation in the home. It's something that most people never give any thought to, but hidden in the walls of your home is an added layer of protection from the outdoor elements. One recent report by the North American Insulation Manufacturers Association stated that approximately 90 percent of all existing homes lack enough insulation. Jonathan Levy, a professor of Environmental Health at Boston University School of Public Health stated, "If all U.S. homes were fitted with insulation based on the 2012 International Energy Conservation Code (IECC), residential electricity use nationwide would drop by about 5% and natural gas use by more than 10%."
Choosing the right type of insulation for your home will depend on your local climate, home design, how it is used and your budget. If you have an attic, crawlspace or basement, then adding additional insulation to the space can be a cost-effective way to save more on your energy bills.
Types of Insulation
While there are a variety of materials that insulation can be made from, it typically is available in four different types:
Foam-in-Place: Foam-in-place is an easy do-it-yourself project for homeowners that can be done with a small pressurized can. It is typically used to fill in small holes and cracks around door frames, windows, plumbing or electrical.
Loose-Fill: Loose-fill is primarily made up of rock wool, fiberglass or cellulose that are in the form of fiber pellets or loose fibers. Special pneumatic equipment is utilized to blow the loose-fill insulation into place.
Rigid Foam: Typically the most expensive of all insulation types, rigid foam can be an effective option and also provides greater insulation. This type of insulation is most commonly used for special applications as well as interior or exterior wall sheathing.
Rolls and Batts: Also known as blankets. This type of insulation is made from mineral fibers and is available in sizes that fit the standard spacing of wall studs, attic joists or floor joists.
What is the R-Value?
The R-value is a measurement to determine the insulation's resistance to heat flow. The recommended 'R-value' will vary from one home to the next as climates and heating/cooling systems differ. R-values range from zero to forty (sometimes even higher). The higher that the R-value is, the greater the insulating effectiveness it provides. The United States Department of Energy estimates that nearly half of a typical home's utility bills are spent on cooling and heating. Ensuring that air is not leaking into your home through windows, doors and other openings can significantly help cut costs on utilities. Additional benefits of a well-insulated home include better humidity control, less dust, pollen and insects as well as noise reduction. When all of the gaps, leaks and holes are added together in a typical home's envelope, it is the equivalent of having a window open each day of the year. If you are curious about how much insulation your home needs you can look it up on the U.S. Department of Energy Recommended Total R-Values for New Wood-Framed Houses here (http://www.energy.gov/energysaver/tips-insulation). Additionally, if you have an attic in your home, you may be able to save more money on energy bills. The U.S. Department of Energy estimates that between 10 to 50 percent can be saved off of a heating bill just by having a properly insulated attic. It's worth having a professional insulation company come and look at your home to make sure that it does have the proper insulation needed. Energy auditors can also perform this task as well as provide you with other great tips to save energy. With the cold season rolling in take the time to make sure your home has the correct insulation.
Insulation Replacement Companies Services By CozyGuYYZ


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Beyoncé returns to Jay-Z's festival after just two years.
Beyoncé is leading the pack at this year's Made In America music festival, and no, it's not a TIDAL exclusive concert.
Budweiser took to Twitter today to announce their official lineup for their 2015 Made In America music festival. The two headliners for the festival this year are Beyoncé and the Weeknd (whose new song I can't get out of my head!), followed by other acts that include J. Cole, Big Sean, Future, Nick Jonas, and Nicki Minaj's new beau Meek Mill.
.@Budweiser #MadeInAmerica 2015 Line-Up is here! Tix on-sale Monday @ noon ET: http://t.co/9vsexiQO8Y pic.twitter.com/Q1auo1OPHy
— Budweiser MIA Fest (@MIAFestival) June 24, 2015
One act noticeably missing from the heavy Jay-Z-affiliated lineup is Rihanna, who has the music world desperate for her new album, R8. Rih's absesnce from the lineup has fans worried that perhaps her album will not be out by the time the MIA festival goes on this year (let alone ever at all). On the bright side, Beyoncé fans are hopeful she will have new tunes out by September
as long as she doesn't do a troll-gate repeat ala 2013. Maybe that rumored collaborative album with Jay will be coming this fall…
Who are you most excited to see perform at the MIA festival this year?


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Slayter Center is an outdoor amphitheatre with striking architecture. In spring, summer and fall, Slayter serves as a fresh-air venue for musical events, dances and lawn movies.
The Fourth of July Stars and Stripes Concert is an annual event with more than 20,000 people attending.
Seating is first come, first serve on the grassy knoll surrounding the stage. The gently sloping hill, combined with a lawn chair or blanket, makes for delightfully relaxed entertainment viewing.
Fresh-air entertainment
Seats: 20,000 on gently sloping hillside
Stage: 56' front, 34' back x 46' deep
Opened in 1963
Located at Stadium Avenue and Martin C. Jischke Drive
Click Here for A Map To Slayter Center
In 1963, Dr. Games and Marie Slayter donated $300,000 to Purdue University for the construction of Slayter Center for the Performing Arts. A 1921 Purdue graduate in chemical engineering, Dr. Slayter was former president of research and development at Owens-Corning and most noted for inventing fiberglass.
Dr. Slayter held more than 164 patents and served as a consultant on industrial applications for NASA. While at Purdue, Dr. Slayter played tuba in the University Bands. Slayter Center was constructed at the foot of what was then called Dukes Hill, which provided a natural amphitheater.
Designed to reflect Stonehenge with superb sound
Architect Joseph Baker conceived Slayter Center in the concept of Stonehenge in Wiltshire, England. The side and back walls of the stage are formed of stelae similar to the stone monoliths that comprise Stonehenge. The spaces between the stelae are filled with broken rough blocks of yellow French glass and black epoxy-resin.
The stelae are formed in poly-cylindrical, concave-convex shapes for proper sound diffusion. The "concrete cloud" design of the ceiling is comprised of alternating concave and convex poly-undulant sections and is completely suspended from above by stainless steel cables from the self-oxidizing steel tripod.
To maintain an outdoor feel to the structure, the ceiling of Slayter Center does not touch the sides of its stage. The amphitheatre's "flaring horn" design compresses the sound and projects it out to the audience, rather than merely reflecting the sound. The stage can seat a 110-piece symphony band or orchestra.
You may check for available dates for all venues by using the following link, or, if you would prefer, please feel free to contact us at 765-494-3920.
The Purdue Arboretum, 625 Agriculture Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2010 USA
© Purdue University | An equal access/equal opportunity university | Integrity Statement | Copyright Complaints | Maintained by Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture
Trouble with this page? Disability-related accessibility issue? Please contact us at firstname.lastname@example.com so we can help.


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<b>CHAIN BRIDGE (VIRGINIA END)
</b>In 1797, the merchants of Georgetown built here the first bridge over the Potomac River to compete with the Virginia port of Alexandria. The falls bridge allowed trade from the "upper country†of Virginia to move directly to Georgetown over the Georgetown-Leesburg road. After the first two bridges were destroyed by floods, a chain suspension bridge, considered a marvel of engineering with a span of 128 feet between stone towers, was built in 1808. Although this bridge has been replaced by other forms of construction, the popular name Chain Bridge continues to be used. The present bridge was built following the flood of 1936. http://www.arlingtonhistoricalsociety.org/learn/sites_properties/commercial.html#chain_bridge
<b>WALKER CHAPEL AND CEMETERY
</b>4102 North Glebe Road
A small frame country church of the Mount Olivet Circuit, was dedicated at this location on July 18,1876. It was named in honor of the Walker family who donated the Walker Grave Yard as a site for the church. A new frame church was built nearby in 1903 although the original chapel structure continued in use as a Sunday School until its demolition in 1930. The present building dates from 1959. The earliest recorded burial in the adjacent cemetery was that of David Walker, who died in 1848. http://www.arlingtonhistoricalsociety.org/learn/sites_properties/places_of_worship.html#walker_chapel
<b>MT. OLIVET METHODIST CHURCH
</b>North 16th Street near North Glebe Road
This is Arlington's oldest church site in continuous use. Land for a Methodist Protestant Meeting House was conveyed in 1855 by William and Ann Marcey and John B. and Cornetia Brown, for whom Brown's Bend Road (now 16th Street, North) was named. The first church was completed in 1860. During the Civil War Union Troops used the church as a hospital and subsequently destroyed it. The present structure, erected in 1948-1 949, is the fourth church on the site. Among those buried in the Mount Olivet cemetery is Sue Landon Vaughan, one of the founders of Decoration Day (now Memorial Day). In Mississippi during April 1865, she began the practice of decorating the graves of Civil War dead, both Confederate and Union. http://www.arlingtonhistoricalsociety.org/learn/sites_properties/places_of_worship.html#mtolivet
<b>ARLINGTON MEMORIAL AND ARLINGTON HOUSE
</b>Arlington House was the home of Robert E. Lee and his family for 30 years and is associated with the Washington and Custis families. George Washington Parke Custis built the house to be his home and a memorial to George Washington, his step-grandfather. It is now preserved as a memorial to General Lee, who gained the respect of Americans in both the North and the South. Located just across Memorial Bridge from the Lincoln Memorial. Arlington House is open to visitors every day from 9:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., with the exception of Jan. 1 and Dec. 25. http://www.nps.gov/arho/
<b>ARLINGTON MEMORIAL BRIDGE AND MEMORIAL AVENUE
</b>Symbolically, the bridge was designed to show the strength of a united nation by joining memorials representing the Union (the Lincoln Memorial) and the Confederacy (the Robert E. Lee Memorial). The bridge spans the Potomac River, a physical and symbolic divider of the "North†and the "South†during the Civil War. Arlington Memorial Bridge also connects the Nation's Capital, where the country's democratic processes takes place, to Arlington National Cemetery, where thousands who died fighting to preserve democratic processes lay in eternal rest. http://www.nps.gov/gwmp/memorialave.htm
<b>BRANDYMORE CASTLE
</b>This rocky outcrop resembles the collapsed battlements of an old castle with Four Mile Run serving as a moat. Located at North Roosevelt Street & Four Mile Run. This landmark was first described in 1724 by surveyor Charles Broadwater as "the rock stones called Brandymore Castle." Research in 1972 established that the natural formation matched the boundary descriptions on the 18th century land grants from Lord Fairfax to William Gunnel, James Going and Simon Pearson, George Harrison, John Carlye and John Dalton, and Captain Charles Broadwater. http://www.arlingtonhistoricalsociety.org/learn/sites_properties/neighborhood.html#ashton_heights
<b>BALL-CARLN CEMETERY
</b>300 South Kensington Street
Here between 1766 and 1908 were buried members of the Ball and Carlin families. In 1742 John Ball was granted 166 acres in this area and in 1748 his brother Moses Ball was granted 91 adjoining acres. They were cousins of George Washington who acquired an adjoining tract along Four Mile Run in 1785. After John Ball's death in 1766, his estate was sold to William Carlin who was one of Washington's tailors. Fragments of the original Ball-Carlin log house are within the walls of the house at 5620 3rd Street South. About 1800 Carlin built a log house that still stands at 5512 North Carlin Springs Road. In present Glencarlyn Park his descendants operated "Carlin Springs,†a popular resort during 1872-1884. http://www.arlingtonhistoricalsociety.org/learn/sites_properties/cemeteries.html
<b>MARY CARLIN HOUSE
</b>5512 North Carlin Springs Road
This home incorporates the original log house built about 1800 by William Carlin. It is one of the earliest structures remaining in Arlington. At one time, Carlin had been a tailor in Alexandria whose clients included George Washington. Mr. Carlin's granddaughter, Mary Alexander Carlin, a school teacher, was born in this house and lived here until her death in 1905. Hers was the last burial in the Ball-Carlin Cemetery adjacent to the Glencarlyn Library.
<b>FORT ETHAN ALLEN
</b>3829 North Stafford Street
This embankment was the south face of Fort Ethan Allen, a bà stioned earthwork built in September 1861, to command all the approaches to Chain Bridge south of Pimmit Run. The fort had a perimeter of 736 yards, with emplacements for 39 guns. The embankments which still remain were the south face, less the west bastion; an interior bombproof shelter for protection against artillery fire from Hall's Hill; the magazine and guardhouse near the north face; and a part of the east face.
<b>FORT C. F. SMITH HISTORIC DISTRICT
</b>Near 2411 North 24th Street
Just to the north are the remains of Fort C. F. Smith, a lunette built early in 1863 to command the high ground north of Spout Run and protect the flank of the Arlington Line. It had a perimeter of 368 yards and emplacements for 22 guns.
This district is a designated Arlington County Landmark and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. http://www.arlingtonhistoricalsociety.org/learn/sites_properties/military_use.html#ftcfsmith
<b>COLONIAL VILLAGE
</b>Roughly bounded by Wilson Boulevard, Lee Highway, North Veitch Street, and Queens Lane. This neighborhood is a designated Arlington County Landmark and is on the National Register of Historic Places. http://www.arlingtonhistoricalsociety.org/learn/sites_properties/neighborhood.html#ashton_heights


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My new article
I have been offered more commissions but not sure what they will entail yet!!! Heres hoping nothing to stressful...
20 comments
Kim I will get this one soon I hope.ReplyDelete
Congrats on getting more commisions, hopefully my commisions will be in the new Making Cards Special Floral Edition.
Ooooh can't wait to see these cards kim.Well done also on more commissions, i am not surprised as your work is fantastic.ReplyDelete
Yay, I'll keep an eye out for it!! I've left an award for you on my blog! xReplyDelete
Looking forward to seeing them in the mag Kim!ReplyDelete
I've left you a little something on my blog - go lookie :)
Liz x
That is such an great honor! You totally deserve it!ReplyDelete
Congratulations and have fun.ReplyDelete
Thanks for leaving a message on my blog.
Can't wait to see your new work Kim! Notice you take part in a lot of blogg challenges. Can anybody take part?ReplyDelete
Congrats Kim!ReplyDelete
Hope i can buy this mag and see them in the mag (=
Congratulations on the commissions can't wait to see what you do. Theres an award on blog for you! ;)ReplyDelete
Wow! Oh to be published, well done you, will have to see if I can get this one soonReplyDelete
- Anonymous30 March 2008 at 20:59
"Must look out for them Kim"..Well done on your other commissions...you are one talented Lady for sure:)xReplyDelete
Well done Kim, I will look out for this mag, got the last one and told everyone about you :O)) Hels SBS12ReplyDelete
Well done Kim - I will keep my eye out for it. Love your stuff xxReplyDelete
Not seen it as i don't get this mag (too busy buying the ones I work for LOL) but I'm sure yours cards are fantastic as usual...hope you get your stamps back soon.ReplyDelete
- Anonymous1 April 2008 at 21:50
"Hiya" Kimsie...just a quick one!!!Will pick me a copy up 2 morrow..of scpc...looking forward to it...:)ReplyDelete
I must change the record it`s bin on long enough...and I dont want to be scaring everyone!!!!
Hope you all well:)x
Would ya thank "Yamsi" for kind comments...much appreciated...bless ya:)
Hi Kim, can you mail me your address so I can post PIF out to you!ReplyDelete
- Anonymous2 April 2008 at 17:18
Bought the magazine today Kim, what brilliant cards but then I wouldn't expect anything else from you. Congratulations and well done, you should be so proud - I know I would be if I was half as talented.ReplyDelete
Chris xx
Hi Kim, just bought the magazine and as expected, your article and cards are fantastic!! Congratulations!!!ReplyDelete
Justine x
- Anonymous4 April 2008 at 23:52
OMG!!! so full of scrumminess...Oh you talented thing you...Mwaaah...ReplyDelete
Have a great Weekend Kim:)x
Haven't managed to get hold of the mag yet but will keep trying!ReplyDelete
You've won an award - if you would like to pop over to my blog for details!
Chris x


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Prep Time: 15 minutesCook Time: 30 minutes
Rinse beets and cook in salted water for about 30 minutes. Stir in cream cheese until creamy. Clean green onions, rinse and cut finely. Peel ginger and grate. Rinse dill, shake dry and chop finely; keeping a few sprigs for garnishing. Mix cream cheese with green onions, ginger and dill and season with salt and pepper. Drain beets, rinse with cold water and peel. Cut a slice of the top and bottom of the beet, so it can stand up on a plate without rolling away. Dice the segments you just cut off and set aside. Slice the beet horizontally through the center. Place the lower beet slice on a plate. Top with all but cream. Push 1 to 2 prunes gently into the cream and cover with beet top. Spread the rest of the cream cheese and the remaining prunes on top. Garnish with beet cubes and dill and serve. Tip To save time, use vacuum packed beets. This type of beet comes precooked and can be found in every supermarket in the produce section.


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Steve Jackson Games has updated their Munchkin-Skullkickers webpage with more details on the upcoming booster pack expansion for their hit card game. There\'s also a sample of 3 of the cards and the spiffy new artwork drawn by Edwin Huang and colored by Jim Zub. Click on through and check it out.
April 18, 2012
Munchkin-Skullkickers Sneak Peek
2 Responses to "Munchkin-Skullkickers Sneak Peek"
April 18th, 2012 at 6:17 pm
They are gorgeous! I can't wait for the Murder Faeries to pop up in my game.
September 13th, 2012 at 5:38 am
Sneaky-Sneak, best name ever 😀


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Bangkok, Thailand (nsnbc) – Thailand's King Bhumibol Adulyadej made a rare public appearance to celebrate the 65th anniversary of his coronation. The Thai monarch has spent the last months in hospital. King Bhumibol Adulyadej is not only the world's longest serving monarch but both a figure of national cohesion as well as of renewal and reform.
The 87-year-old Thai monarch left Bangkok hospital where he had spent the last several month, to make a rare public appearance that attracted large crowds, cheering for the king as his motorcade passed by on the way to the Grand Palace.
After arriving at the palace, King Bhumibol Adulyadej and Thai officials attended a Buddhist ceremony. Bhumipol Adulyadey ascended to the throne on May 5, 1950, following the death of his brother.
The 87-year-old king has been bound to a wheelchair for the last few years. He rarely left Bangkok hospital after the surgical removal of his gall bladder in December 2014. His health caused serious concerns when he did not appear in public for his birthday in December.
Although the Thai king has no formal political office the word of the monarch has considerable weight among Thai politicians, public servants as well as among the people of Thailand in general. The monarch played a crucial role in defusing the protests against the regime of the now ousted PM Yingluck Shinawatra and an escalating spiral of violence by militant Shinawatra supporters a.k.a. "red shirts" and their special militant crack troops the "black shirts".
Ultimately, many would argue that the people powered military ouster of Yingluck Shinawatra and her government who refused to adhere to supreme court rulings, could be conducted peacefully because King Bhumibol Adulyadej intervened and supported an interim military government to help the country break the decades-long cycles of nepotism, corruption, and upheaval.
The ouster of PM Yingluck Shinawatra was the 12th coup in Thailand within 80 years. Reformists, including Professor Dr. Amorn Chandarasomboon, who is a former Secretary General of Thailand's Council of State, pointed out that the Constitution of Thailand is not democratic at all and that the country urgently needs constitutional reform.
Dr. Amorn Chandarasomboon points, among others at the facts that a Thai MP must be a member of a party and that the PM must be an MP, adding that this alone would result in the concentration of power in the hands of small party elites, and that MP's are subject to pulling the party line rather than representing their constituency.
It was King Bhumibol Adulyadej who appointed Army Chief Prayuth Chan-ocha as Head of the National Council for Peace and Order. It is worth noting that the majority of Thailand's population considers the military to be an important and independent national institution.
Although especially western media would tout the situation in Thailand as "royalist military coup", most Thai would agree that the ouster of the Shinawatra regime in 2014 was a people powered military coup with the endorsement of a monarch who stands as uniting figure for the people; More importantly, the monarch is widely known as a king who puts the interests of Thailand before the interests of foreign powers.
King Bhumibol Adulyadej is also known for encouraging innovative approaches to agriculture and organic farming, a sustainable approach to the use of the country's resources including the construction of dams and reservoirs as well as he is known for his support for a cohort of charities.
Author: Christof Lehmann
This content is syndicated by agreement with nsnbc. This is not creative commons content. All rights are retained by nsnbc.


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We keep hearing how the economy is improving but that the unemployment problem is just getting worse. Taking into account that employment is a lagging indicator it still does not explain completely how the economy is improving for business yet not for the average American. I know from my own multi-national bank that the outsourcing of jobs is continuing at an alarming rate.
Some of the professional jobs that are now leaving are graphic artists, accounting clerks, radiologists, back office financial services, phone center workers and even 401(k) record keepers. What these jobs have in common is a solid middle class salary and benefits. How can American workers compete with workers who earn less than $10,000.00 per year? The answer is they can not unless the playing field is leveled. The best way to level the playing is field is to make it prohibitively expensive to move the job in the first place. How exactly can we do this legally? My answer is The Outsourcing Severance Act of 2009. What would this piece of legislation do? It would set standards for severance pay for any job leaving the country and give the terminated employee a safety net while seeking other employment. The details of my plan would be as follows:
The terminated employee would receive 2 weeks severance pay for every year of service as well as 75% of the difference between the compensation of the new vs. old employee. Using the example of a 10 year employee earning $50,000.00 who is losing their position to someone in Mumbai earning $7,000.00, that employee would be entitled to $19,230.00 severance as well as $32,250.00 pay differential. Also the employee would remain part of the payroll until the total severance owed was paid using his last salary as the barometer. In the case just described the employee would remain on the payroll for over a year and be entitled to all the benefits of employment even though he would be free to work elsewhere. In year two the terminated employee would be entitled to the 25% difference not paid in year one. This would mean that the full savings from outsourcing would be delayed until year three.
Why would I make this severance so generous? The answer is twofold. It would give the terminated employee a chance to be retrained or seek other employment without having to immediately worry about how to make ends meet and it would discourage the so called "titans" of industry from outsourcing the jobs in the first place. Executive bonuses are usually directly tied to the company's bottom line so outsourcing jobs leads to higher pay and bonuses for those at the top and misery for those at the bottom.
Why we must do this is simple. The middle class is being killed. As more and more jobs are outsourced and our population grows there will be greater competition for the jobs that are left. This causes wages to actually drop while all normal expenses are rising. This is a disaster in the making. I have personally known five people in the past two years who have lost their jobs to outsourcing. All five were forced to take lower paying jobs in order to make ends meet. This will be the fate of thousands more if we do not demand a level playing field.
I want to expose the companies that are outsourcing our jobs. I am asking everyone to send company names, numbers outsourced and salary differences if known. Just click Contact Us on the top of this page and send me the details. My plan is to add to the site a reference page which will list the companies that are shipping our jobs overseas. I want to know that my hard earned money is not supporting a company who does not support the American worker.


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What a new Volvo P1800 looks like
Volvo's design chief Christopher Benjamin is apparently a fan of the classic P1800. You know the one. Sir Wobbly-Eyebrow Moore drove a P1800 in The Saint.
Well, after having a chat with some people on an Internet called Twitter - and to celebrate the car's 50th anniversary - Mr Benjamin sketched out how he imagines a modern day P1800 would look.
And judging by the reaction garnered on Facebook, the Internet is lightly enamoured with it. But bear in mind this is the same Internet that enjoys the delights of a dog on a skateboard.
Volvo is very unlikely to put such a low volume coupe into production any time soon, but if - if - it ever did, we'd more than like to see it sporting the same engine and drivetrain as that fabulous C30 Polestar; the bonkers little 400bhp all-wheel-drive monster built by Volvo's official Swedish race outfit.
TopGear drives the Volvo C30 Polestar
If you can remember, the Polestar C30 could hit 0-62mph in 4.6 seconds (possibly even faster) and lap Volvo's test track quicker than a Mitsubishi Evo X. It also sounded like half an old F1 engine, and that is a Very Good Thing.
What does Top Gear's Internet make of these sketches? And would you like to see a new P1800, or are you of the opinion it should be left alone? After all, Volvo left the P1800 literally unchanged for its entire production run. Wonder if Sir Roger would've preferred an Interceptor like his successor, Simon Dutton…
What do you think?
This service is provided by Disqus and is subject to their privacy policy and terms of use. Please read Top Gear's code of conduct (link below) before posting.


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EgglestonWorks was founded by William Eggleston (a descendant of the noted photographer) with the goal of reproducing that live music sound.
Memphis-based EgglestonWorks relies upon live music analysis to create its ultra high-end stereo and multi-channel loudspeaker designs noted for their granite cabinetry. To demonstrate their commitment to using natural materials in their speaker designs, the EgglestonWorks factory is over 90-years-old, and has over 100, 18-foot-tall, 3-foot-wide columns that are a single trunk of wood.
Notable products include the Ivy Reference, which is rated from 13 Hz to 24 kHz and uses black Italian granite. The 76-inch tall speaker weighs 790 pounds. The less extreme Dianne is rated at 51 Hz to 24 kHz, while the Andra won Stereophile Speaker of the Year.
Similar companies include Wilson, Revel, Vandersteen, and THIEL.
Email: [email protected]


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Clean & Green Hackathon 2014
National Environment Agency
Friday, 14 November 2014 at 18:00 - Sunday, 16 November 2014 at 17:00 (Singapore Standard Time Singapore Time)
Event Details
NEA, in partnership with UP Singapore, is organising the third Clean and Green Hackathon. In addition to tackling the ever-important issue of waste minimisation, this year's hackathon also brings a new concept to the table: Smart Hawker Centres. Singapore is well on its way to becoming the next Smart Nation, so why not start with the places that are an essential part of Singapore's social infrastructure, a space where everyone has access to delicious, freshly cooked food at affordable prices?
To help you on your mission to make our hawker centres smarter, we have a bunch of resources that you can tap into:
- Get access to data from Maxwell Food Centre: We have installed 2 Intel Galileos at two different food stalls at Maxwell Food Centre which are collecting sensor data on motion, light, temperature and energy consumption. All this information will be made available at the hackathon.
- Get access to 3 days worth of granular telco data: This dateset includes location data that is geo-fenced around Maxwell Food Centre. It will include details such as time stamps, latitude/longitude and the type of activity (voice, data or network).
- Use our 3D printing facilities to create your prototype: We have 5 3D printers which participants will be free to use to create any sort of physical prototype. The team that builds the best physical prototype will win the 'Best Maker' prize and bragging rights
- Get access to useful environmental data: NEA will be releasing interesting datasets including Air Quality, Energy Efficiency, Environmental Health, Recycling and Weather.
So what are you waiting for? Become part of the Smart Nation revolution!
Date: Friday, 18 July - Sunday, 20 July
Venue: 237 South Bridge Road
When & Where
237 South Bridge Rd
Friday, 14 November 2014 at 18:00 - Sunday, 16 November 2014 at 17:00 (Singapore Standard Time Singapore Time)
Add to my calendar
National Environment Agency
Formed on 1 July 2002, the National Environment Agency (NEA) is the leading public organisation responsible for improving and sustaining a clean and green environment in Singapore.


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Team MotoX Racing launch 2018 livery
Historical race winner secures permanent ride for 2018
Gearing up for the start of the 2018 FIM Supersport 300 World Championship round at MotorLand Aragon, Team MotoX Racing proudly launched their team which is set to be spear-headed by Indonesian talent Galang Hendra.
Signed up as a contender in the Yamaha R3 bLU cRU Challenge, an initiative which welcomes competition amongst selected Yamaha riders within the WorldSSP300 series, Hendra made history in 2017 as a wild card to become the first Indonesian rider to take a world championship victory.
Stunning the fans and teams alike, 19 year old Hendra is preparing for a full season in the competitive category following his two appearances around Portimao and Circuito de Jerez last year. With the added battle of the bLU cRU Challenge, where the winner goes onto securing a Yamaha supported ride in a higher class in 2019, he faces an important year ahead.
Looking ahead to what is set to be a challenging season, both team and rider are keen to get going as action begins on track from 13th – 15th April in Northern Spain. Hendra explains: "I am honoured and proud to get this chance to represent Yamaha and Indonesia in the Yamaha R3 bLU cRU Challenge and the WorldSSP300 Championship. After my victory at the last race in Jerez, I have now been given the opportunity to compete full time in the championship. It will be a challenge, as I will have to learn most of the circuits as we go but I am excited for the challenge that lies ahead. I want to thank everyone at YIMM, Yamaha Motor Europe, and Team MotoX Racing for giving me this chance to showcase my skills on the world stage."
Enjoy Hendra's stunning victory from the final round of 2017, and refresh your memory of the sensational action WorldSSP300 provides, all with the WorldSBK VideoPass.


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The park gets its name from the fossilized remains of ancient trees, now petrified logs, that are scattered throughout the landscape. The park has much more to offer as well. The surrounding hills are painted shades of red, purple, and blue from trace minerals in the desert clay. The historical importance of this area is also widely recognized today as remains from petroglyphs and other remains from ancient clutters can still be found. Below I have listed the 5 best hikes in Petrified Forest National Park with an additional nod to a few hikes that follow no trail for 'off the beaten path' adventures. Official Website.
Click here for more National Park Hikes!
You can also view some of our most popular Gear Recommendations here!
1. Blue Mesa Trail
Short loop that descends from the mesa to an area of petrified wood and views of the surrounding badlands with blue infused clay that is incredible to see in person. The colors are especially spectacular to see after a recent rainfall. The trailhead is located next to the shelter on Blue Mesa Scenic Road.
- 1.0 miles – Loop
- No elevation gain
- Easy
2. Painted Desert Rim Trail
Another relatively short trail but one that should not be passed up is Painted Desert Rim Trail. The surrounding hills with their red, purple, and blue colors makes this one of the best hikes in Petrified Forest National Park. Tawa Point and Kachina Point make excellent places to snap a picture. The trailhead is next to the Painted Desert Inn on Petrified Forest Road.
- 1.0 miles – Out and back
- No elevation gain
- Easy
3. Crystal Forest Trail
Named for the crystals that hide in the petrified logs, this trail offers the best opportunity to experience the petrified wood deposits for which the park was named. The trailhead is on Petrified Forest Road just south of Agate Bridge.
- 0.75 miles – Loop
- No elevation gain
- Easy
4. Giant Logs Trail
You'll never guess what you'll see on this trail! Some of the largest and oldest logs in the park are found here. "Old Faithful", the highlight of the trail, is nearly ten feet wide in diameter. The trailhead can be found behind the Rainbow Forest Museum.
- 0.4 miles – Loop
- No elevation gain
- Easy
5. Agate House & Long Logs Trails
I recommend combining both the Agate House Trail and Long Logs Trail to make a slightly longer loop so you can experience both hikes in the same area. Long Logs has the largest concentration of petrified wood in the park while the Agate House, an ancient pueblo, is believed to have been inhabited 700 years ago! The trailhead for both trails is also on Petrified Forest Road just east of the Rainbow Forest Museum.
- 2.6 miles – Loop
- 50′ gain
- Easy
There are several hiking opportunities within this beautiful park that are off the beaten path and do not actually follow a trail. Make sure to stop at one of the park's visitor centers for more detailed information on how to get to these areas. The best ones are: Devil's Playground, Onyx Bridge, and Martha's Butte.
Don't forget to stock up on the essentials before you plan your next hiking or camping trip! We have recommendations on:
Hiking Shoes
And more! Just click HERE


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Light Tape
Light Tape® will match your bespoken requirements. This type of lighting is available in roles or as panels. The maximum length is 100 m, width is from 6 mm, thickness 1 mm.
The basic colours of this type of lighting are blue and green with the possibility of the application of other colours according to specific customers´ requirements.
Light Tape® enables various animations, controlled flashing and the lighting intensity.
It can be installed within the indoor lighting as well as exterior lighting.
- Consumption is lower than 1W per 1 m in case of the width being 2,5 cm
- Various colours, shapes, sizes and animations
- Life span up to 40 000 hours
- Easy installation
Where to use the Light Tape
Light Tape® offers for example utilization as: advertising space, entertainment industry, indoor lighting, outdoor lighting, fountains lighting, restaurants and bars lighting, cinemas and theatres interior lighting, as well as industrial lighting (halls lighting) and many others.


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From The Blaze:
A parent in Towson, Md., was arrested Thursday night at a public forum after vocally expressing his concerns about the Baltimore County School District's plan to use Common Core standards in its curriculum.
Robert Small, a concerned father, was forcefully removed from the meeting by a police officer after he interrupted Baltimore County Schools Superintendent Dallas Dance during the question-and-answer portion of the forum.
The meeting apparently didn't allow parents to stand up and ask questions or comment. Parents and other attendants were instead asked to write their questions on a piece of paper and officials would read them.
However, Small began speaking out against the district's use of Common Core, prompting a security guard, who was also a police officer, to approach him and order him to leave. "Let's go!" he said sternly.
When Small didn't immediately comply, the officer began pulling his arm and pushing him towards the exit. Some audience members gasped at the cop's use of force.
"Don't stand for this," the father said as he was dragged out. "You are sitting here like cattle! Is this America?"
Small also urged other parents to demand answers on Common Core and the curriculum being used to educate their children.
As the Baltimore Sun reports, the officer then "pushed Small and then escorted him into the hall, handcuffed him and had him sit on the curb in front of the school."
Small was charged with second-degree assault of a police officer and faces a $2,500 fine and up to 10 years in prison. He was also charged with disturbing a school operation, which carries an additional $2,500 and up to six months in jail.
Small attempted to push the officer away when he first approached him, the police report claims. Watch the video and decide for yourself if Small assaulted the officer:


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The unions that supported losing candidates in the September 13 primary now have another choice to make: whether to endorse Mayor Michael Bloomberg or Fernando Ferrer or just stay out of the general election race. Today the Retail, Wholesale, and Department Store Union (RWDSU)—which supported Rep. Anthony Weiner— will announce it is switching to Ferrer. Gifford Miller's loss left several unions without a horse in the race. One of them, Local 1500 of the United Food and Commercial Workers, is still deciding. "We have not made up our mind," says vice president Tony Speelman. "We may in fact endorse Bloomberg. We may endorse Ferrer." The mayor, meanwhile, on Wednesday got the nod of the International Alliance of Theatrical Stage Employees, Moving Picture Technicians, Artists and Allied Crafts. According to the mayor's campaign, it was the first time the union had picked a candidate for mayor and the first time it had ever backed a Republican.
This article from the Village Voice Archive was posted on September 22, 2005


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Iris 1.5" Silver
Regular price £49.00 Sale price
A popular and super glitzy 1.5" heeled closed toe dance shoes for maximum comfort and protection, dazzling multicolor silver material would go with any outfit, quick fasten buckle and flexi suede soles. Normal to wide fit.
SIZE INFORMATION: Please order your standard UK size.


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Created by x942
Released under GPLV2
New project over here
SecDroid hardens the android kernel by disable certain binaries that have internet access or can be used as an attack vector. Some of these are:
NC (net cat)
PM (Package Manager - Can't install apps via CLI/ADB)
ADBD (ADB is disabled until reboot)
And by securing the TCP Stack using Systctl (Until Next boot).
Why disable ADB and PM?
ADB and PM are both disabled to help prevent an attacker from being able to install apps via the command line or adb shell. Both of these are potential attack vectors. You can install apps via the playstore and GUI
All code is released under GPLV2 Unless otherwise noted.
Many Thanks to Adam Outler for his Shell class that was used in this project (until V0.3 - See Changelog).
Many thanks to XDA-TV and XDA for their hard work!
And thanks to SANS for their Android Security whitepaper which inspired this project.
Please note this is my first android app. As such bugs may be present and the code may not be pretty. If anyone can help me make it look nicer and more efficient that would be great
Version 1.1 Beta
* Fixed script to properly handled errors on some devices
* Fixed layout issue
* Added disable bluetooth feature (Disabled bluetoothd )
* Added enable bluetooth feautre ( Reverses above action)


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Program Description
International trade continues to turn increasingly towards international arbitration to resolve cross-border commercial and investment disputes. The White & Case International Arbitration LL.M. Program and its preeminent faculty would be delighted to help students open doors to the world of international arbitration.
Who Should Consider This Degree?
The LL.M. in International Arbitration provides a unique individualized educational curriculum and opportunity for a small group of top-quality students from a range of countries, wishing to acquire an in-depth grounding in the field of international arbitration as a platform for a successful career. The program - the only one of its kind in the United States - is ideal for:
- Recent U.S. or foreign-trained law graduates, who wish to specialize in this field;
- Experienced U.S. or foreign-trained attorneys looking to redirect their careers or deepen their expertise in this field;
- Current Miami Law students looking to focus on this field with a joint degree; and
- Current students from other law schools in the U.S. or abroad wishing to attend Miami Law as visiting or foreign exchange students and looking to specialize in this field.
Why Miami for the Study of International Arbitration?
Location - The University of Miami School of Law is prominently positioned, academically and geographically, for the study of international arbitration. Miami is a major international trade and finance center at the "portal to the Americas" and a well sought-after venue for resolving international disputes through arbitration. Miami Law has created a unique infrastructure for students to network with international arbitration practitioners in Miami and beyond.
Distinguished Faculty, Unparalleled Curriculum & Personalized Mentorship - The International Arbitration LL.M. Program offers specialized theoretical and practical courses on all aspects of international commercial and investment arbitration. Students are taught by an internationally-renowned faculty, comprised of "world-class arbitrators," including Jan Paulsson, J. Martin Hunter, and Carolyn Lamm, who frequently are recognized by International Who's Who of Commercial Arbitration, Chambers & Partners Global-wide, and the Legal 500 in International Arbitration. Admission to the program is highly selective, which allows for heightened attention and effective mentoring from our faculty who help students start or advance their arbitration careers.
International Arbitration Institute (IAI) - The International Arbitration Institute (IAI) is an embodiment of Miami Law's long tradition of engagement with the law of arbitration. The Institute strives not only for progress through the education of a new generation of arbitration lawyers but also for progress through research in international arbitration. International Arbitration LL.M. students may attend various international arbitration events organized through the IAI, including the annual White & Case Lecture. Students also have the opportunity to work as graduate research assistants with the IAI and individual Miami Law faculty members on cutting-edge research projects related to international arbitration.
Networking & Professional Development - Students receive career advising tailored to each student's individual interests and professional goals. Students also have the opportunity to attend international job fairs, participate in internship opportunities with leading international arbitration firms, compete in international arbitration moot court competitions, attend international arbitration conferences, lectures, and other networking events, published in the U.S. and international legal journals, and get involved in professional arbitral organizations.
Post-Graduation Job Placement and Other Career Options - Graduates of the White & Case International Arbitration LL.M. Program work around the globe in prestigious international arbitration law firms and arbitral institutions. Foreign-trained graduates may be eligible for an employment authorization for a one-year period of optional practical training (OPT), allowing them to gain valuable practical experience in the U.S. Foreign-trained graduates also may be eligible to sit for the bar exam in several states in the U.S., the most popular being New York, or opt to enroll in our J.D./LL.M. Joint Degree in International Arbitration; both degrees can be completed in as little as two years and the Law School Admissions Test (LSAT) is not required.
Study Options
Fall or Spring Program Start
The International Arbitration LL.M. Program requires at least one academic year (9 months) of study. The majority of students start their studies in August and graduate in May of the following year. However, with permission of the program director, a Spring (January) start date is possible, with graduation in December of the same year.
Full-time, Part-time Study Options
International Arbitration LL.M. students may study on a full-time or part-time basis depending on their individual needs. With permission of the program director, part-time students may convert to full-time status, and vice versa. For part-time study, the same minimum number of credits is required for the LL.M. degree. All students must earn their LL.M. degree within two years from the initial date of matriculation.
J.D./LL.M. Joint Degree in International Arbitration
International Arbitration LL.M. students wishing to also obtain a Juris Doctor (J.D.) degree, and Miami Law J.D. students wishing to also obtain an LL.M. in International Arbitration, should opt for the J.D./LL.M. Joint Degree in International Arbitration. The Joint J.D./LL.M. in International Arbitration offers the opportunity to earn both degrees at once, saving both time and tuition expense. Special study options to earn an LL.M. in International Arbitration might be available for current law students of other law schools in the U.S. or abroad who attend Miami Law as visiting or foreign exchange students.
Intensive Legal English + LL.M. in International Arbitration
The newest feature of Miami Law's International Arbitration LL.M. offerings is a three-semester program, designed for foreign-trained law graduates who did not achieve the minimum required TOEFL of 92 or Academic IELTS score of 7.0 and who need to improve their English proficiency before embarking on studying for their LL.M. in International Arbitration. The Intensive Legal English program starts in the Spring semester (January), and applicants should submit their completed application by the priority deadline of November 1 of the previous year. During the first semester, students focus on achieving the English-language and communication skills necessary to be successful in the LL.M. program. Students take courses in Oral Communication; English for Law; Introduction to Legal Communication and Writing; and Research Skills. After successful completion of their first semester, students will join the incoming International Arbitration LL.M. class in the Fall semester (August) and proceed with the regular course of studies without having to re-take the TOEFL or Academic IELTS test.
About the School
University of Miami School of Law's remarkable journey from small beginnings to one of the leading law schools in the country is one of the fascinating stories of legal education.


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Releated Stories
- Iron Dome to ring up more expenses
- Iron Dome intercepts rocket fired at Tel Aviv area; shrapnel hits car
- Gaza op to cost NIS 3B in damages
During the eight days of fighting in Gaza, the Iron Dome missile defense system successfully intercepted more than 400 rockets fired at Israeli residential areas, thus saving numerous Israeli lives.
However, the system that enjoyed an 84% success rate had a few mishaps.
Near tragedy near the highway
Wednesday, around 4 pm, Grad rockets were fired from the Gaza Strip to Israel, targeting the city of Ashdod. Three missiles from the Iron Dome defense battery tasked with protecting Ashdod were immediately fired at the oncoming barrage.
One of the rockets succeeded in intercepting one of the Grads, whilst another Grad landed in a residential area within city limits, resulting in the light injury of one person and damage to some structures.
However, the main drama took place near the Iron Dome battery itself. One of the rockets fired from the battery did a mid-air about-face. Instead of heading upwards towards the Grad, the missile turned in the direction of the nearby Route 4. At the last moment the rocket deviated and exploded in an open area adjacent to Route 4, some 30 meters away from the highway's northern lanes.
As a result of the ground explosion, pieces of burning shrapnel from the rocket exploded by the side of the highway. Drivers heading north were forced to hit their brakes to avoid getting hit by burning shrapnel. Luckily, no damage or injuries were reported.
IDF: The system works
IDF sources said in response that the Iron Dome defense system plays an important role in the IDF's ability to protect the home front. They continued by saying that the system proved its efficiency and will only continue improve with time.
The IDF spokesperson had a similar response and stated that during the last week the Iron Dome system intercepted and shot down 421 rockets fired at Israel, thus playing a vital role in the IDF's ability to defend the home front. He continued to cite the system's unprecedented success rate as well as reiterating the idea that the system has already proven it's efficiency, despite the fact that it does not promise a complete hermetic protection.