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Mastering Digital Marketing Measurement
Mastering Digital Marketing Measurement
Written by Alistair Ezzy
Digital proliferation. It's a phenomenon that you'll have encountered first-hand. As communications technology has grown ever more personal and portable, so too have the various associated channels of marketing. From social media ads through to email, viral videos and countless other forms of digital connectivity, your voice can be heard virtually anywhere you want it to.
But as more innovations and channels emerge, it becomes more difficult to spread your resources and your message across them all. The physical management of so many technologies can wear down on staff time with potential knock-on effects to productivity, and customers can all too quickly become dazzled by the overwhelming wall of messages, sound and colour. And that's where variable digital print really proves its worth.
Despite this rise in up-to-the-minute, in-your-face and in-your-palm communications, printed communications provide an unprecedented opportunity to score a direct hit with customers, consumers and clients alike, while providing a valuable tool to support and enhance your online marketing strategy. This physical and tangible form of contact remains very much at the forefront of creative communications, and is a more exciting prospect than ever before – not only for those who receive something special in the post that is truly appropriate to them and their needs, but for those sending it out too.
Touch, see, respond
According to the Royal Mail , psychological tests revealed that people value something they can both see and touch 24% more than something they can only see. They also point out that recent data from Kantar Media's TGI survey revealed that 80% of adults keep some mail sent to them by companies in the previous four weeks. That's printed information specific to them, information that can be pinned to a fridge door, put into a wallet and carried around, or sit on a desk in clear view, continually delivering your message.
You can accurately target your customers individually, in ways that are relevant to them and which can make them feel appreciated or can switch them on to your latest campaign. That appreciation can be turned back upon you, the sender, driving more attention, awareness, loyalty and revenue your way.
If you're not harnessing the power of variable digital print yet, then there's never been a better time to start. To give you an idea of where to begin, here are 6 ways to generate more revenue from this powerful and targeted marketing tool.
1. Say hello
When new customers sign up to follow you and your services, variable digital print gives you the power to make them feel welcomed. A personalised thank you letter shows that you both know and appreciate them and gives you the opportunity to suggest other products or services related to their purchase. You can also ask them for a little more info at this point, building your customer knowledge in the process. Knowledge is power - the more you know, the better you can target their drives, desires, interests and spending habits with future mailings and structure an effective and personalised campaign in the process.
2. Keep their interest up
If you notice that your best and most valued customers are deviating from their usual buying pattern, variable digital print enables you to re-engage them by sending them a relevant offer or incentive that has the potential to bring them back your way, targeted and worded based on what you know about them. At Go Inspire Solutions, we employ predictive analytics to accurately forecast buying behaviour, data which is then used to create targeted, relevant and effective marketing materials.
3. What else have you got?
Learning what your customers like and what they buy gives you the power to directly promote associated products and services that might interest them. Variable digital print enables you to segment your target audiences and send out mail that is appropriate to what you have learned about them. By showing them everything you have that's relevant to them, the more chance you have of them reacting positively to you and your offering.
4. Make new friends
Variable digital print gives you the ability to grow your marketable audience by targeting potential new customers and sending something to hook them directly. With the knowledge you've acquired you have the power to segment your communication, putting precisely the right message in front of the right people at the right time to turn them onto a specific service or product. You're able to demonstrate to your audience that you understand them, you know what they need – and you're the one to deliver it.
5. Convert browsers into buyers
Many will come to your website and treat it like a shop, looking at what's on offer but without actually buying anything – or they'll select a product, put it into their online basket and then wander off elsewhere without completing the transaction. Shopping cart abandonment is a big deal: according to the Baymard Institute , 67.45% of online shopping carts are abandoned, without the sale or sign-up ever coming to fruition. A friendly, automated letter to your browsers is a great way to encourage them to come back to your website and buy – converting potential sales into actuality, whether that's a specific product or a service. Our powerful Go Inspire Insight product CAMPAIGN gives you the ability to do exactly this – and we are happy to offer you a demo/Webex should you wish to learn more. Just drop us a line using the contact details listed below.
6. Show your most loyal customers some love
When certain customers show you real loyalty, digital print enables you to reward them for doing so. These exclusive offers could be seasonal; a voucher for an Easter egg in spring, or an offer that could prove useful at a time of year when they use less heating in the home. Or you could send them money-off vouchers for your own products and services, based on how much you know they spend and the categories of product that they tend toward, all worded in an appropriate manner to suit them.
Variable digital print offers so much to you and those you communicate with. For them, receiving the mail you send is a much more enjoyable and relevant experience; they feel appreciated, that their loyalty and custom is valued and that you're willing to reward their shopping habits in the process. For you, it enables you to grow, retain and engage your core audience, expanding it while making the most of your accumulated data. You're able to tap into what really matters to them and plan powerful, creative and appropriate campaigns that are memorable enough to really capture the imagination.
At Go Inspire Solutions we expertly tailor variable digital print solutions on an industrial yet precise scale, enabling your business to improve how you communicate with those who are important to you. Our tools give you the power to accurately analyse the important facts and figures from your campaigns, and shape your mail communications to make them more effective than ever before.
Free 10,000 quantity Digital Test Offer – try it now
If you're excited at this prospect and would like to experience the revenue-driving power that variable digital print can offer you and your campaigns, then why not take advantage of our free 10,000 quantity Digital Test Offer?
We're offering you a free 10,000 copies trial so that you can see for yourself how variable digital print can work for you. We are so confident that our product can add value to your marketing campaigns. All we ask is that our digital test volume is run alongside an existing campaign, so that results can be analysed and compared.* We also have a number of case studies should you wish to see how we've made variable digital print a powerful and key component of marketing campaigns for a range of businesses already.
*Terms and conditions apply. Postage and data not included.


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My Latest Obsessions: Wasabi Peas
This post is sponsored by American Express Membership Rewards. Visit American Express on Facebook at facebook.com/americanexpress to view all the possibilities with Membership Rewards Points.
Between the nose-tingling burn of wasabi and very poppable shape of peas, wasabi peas are impossible to stop eating. As in, oops there goes two-thirds of the bag (and double oops, that was six servings' worth!). A bag of them lives above my desk, but never lasts for very long.
I actually burned out on wasabi peas during college when I'd average a nine-ounce bag per paper. Ooh, I just finished a paragraph, another handful! Grr, writer's block, clearly in need of more brain power—another handful. This had to be more virtuous than ordering a midnight pizza, right? They were just peas. That came from pods. Then you stop and think about how many peas you're actually eating. Who would ever eat that many plain? Exactly, nobody. (Except maybe all the pea farmers reading..) But once they get a coating of dried wasabi powder, it's all over.
The crunch multiplied by the horseradish burn multiplied by the subtle pea sweetness makes them the right answer for any type of hunger pang. Afternoon snack attack? Wasabi peas. Flu season and your sinuses are stuffed? Wasabi peas. Morning caffeine not working? Wasabi peas. Not feeling all that hungry, just bored? Two words, and it rhymes with masabi bees. They also make a great party snack, especially if you're looking for less fatty alternatives to chips or nuts.
When I recently bought a bag of Trader Joe's Wasabi Wow trail mix (wasabi peas plus almonds, peanuts, and dried cranberries), I found myself picking out all the peas first. Ugh, that darn peanut is in the way. After bypassing all the nuts and crans for those wee peas buried underneath, I knew it was time. Time to buy another bag of just peas, sans any of the extra space-hogging stuff, even if they did still remind me of late paper-writing nights in Lauinger Library.
Any wasabi-dabbers of sushi out there should understand all of this. With the peas, there's no soy sauce or rice to distract from the heat. And some peas are more wasabi-blanketed than others. After a few handfuls, you will inevitably swallow some of these extra kapow-bombs. Your eyes may get moist. Your nose may wriggle. You may even sneeze, and all of this is perfectly normal.
If you're not a wasabi enthusiast, you probably won't be as obsessed with these little guys, of course. But odds are, someone next to you is, so please hand them the bag.
All products linked here have been independently selected by our editors. We may earn a commission on purchases, as described in our affiliate policy.

subset: commoncrawl


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Car News
Car News
Car Videos
Car Games
Car Pictures
BMW car reviews
BMW news
BMW 1 Series M Coupe by Vorsteiner photo gallery
BMW 1 Series M Coupe by Vorsteiner picture
BMW 1 Series M Coupe by Vorsteiner 2012 wallpaper
The BMW 1 Series M Coupe received a tuning program from Vosteiner specialists. To be more precise, the model is now capable of more power and the exterior styling was a little modified. The name of the body kit is GTS-V ... View
2012 BMW 1 Series M Coupe by Vorsteiner specs
Buick Enclave
Buick Enclave was introduced only 9 year ago, in 2008.
Ford F-250 XLT Super Duty
One model of Ford F-250 XLT just received an upgrade from TOPO of TS DESIGN. The model in discussion has been shown at SEMA Motor Show last year.
Audi A8 L Chauffeur
Audi introduced the A8 L Chauffeur edition. It will be limited to five units.
McLaren P1 by MSO
MSO upgrades another P1. It belongs to David Kyte.
Mercedes-Benz S63 AMG Coupe
Mansory upgrades the Mercedes-Benz S63 AMG Coupe. It is faster than ever.
Renault KWID
Renault reveals the KWID. It has a big body with a small heart.
300PS MINI JCW by Krumm-Performance
Krumm-Performance upgrades the MINI JCW. The engine and the inside have received considerable updates.
Lamborghini Huracan by VOS
VOS upgrades the Lamborghini Huracan. The entry-level gets a lot of goodies.
Cars pictures
Vorsteiner Porsche 997 V-GT Coupe
Vorsteiner VR-7 Sportiv Styling for BMW 750i and 750Li
Vorsteiner V-MS Series for BMW E92/E93 Coupe M-Tech
Lamborghini Gallardo by Vorsteiner
BMW M4 GTRS by Vorsteiner
Mercedes CLS63 AMG by Vorsteiner
BMW M5 by Vorsteiner
BMW M3 by Vorsteiner
Buick Enclave
Ford F-250 XLT Super Duty
Audi A8 L Chauffeur
McLaren P1 by MSO
Mercedes-Benz S63 AMG Coupe
Renault KWID


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East African Standard
Thursday, January 22, 2004
Anglicans cancel Omino service
By Standard Reporter
The Anglican Church yesterday disowned former Cabinet minister Joab Omino, saying he was a known member of the Freemasons Society.
The church cancelled a funeral service planned for today at the All Saints Cathedral, Nairobi.
However, the chairman of the Omino funeral committee, Deputy Speaker David Musila, said the service would be held at Uhuru Park, since the church was small and they expected a large crowd.
A harambee organised by the committee to meet the funeral expenses was held last night at the Kenyatta International Conference Centre.
The administration at the All Saints Cathedral had refused the committee and Ominos family members access to the church.
Omino had publicly admitted during the Robert Ouko Commission of Inquiry in 1991 that he was a member of the exclusive and a former grand master Freemasons Society.
However, the Maseno diocese of the Anglican Church had said that Omino was a member of the church, to which he had contributed generously.
After the Uhuru Park service at 2 pm, the body will be taken to Ominos Muthaiga residence for an overnight stay and prayers.
Family members and members of the funeral committee will accompany the body to Kisumu tomorrow morning.
Following yesterdays decision, it was unclear whether an inter-denominational service that was to be led by Archbishop Wesonga of the Anglican Churchs Maseno West diocese would go ahead.
After the service, there will be a viewing of the body at Moi Stadium, Kisumu, from 9.30am. The body will then be taken to his Maseno home at 3.30pm.
Omino who died on January 13, will be buried on Saturday at Maseno following a funeral service at 10am.
Earlier, a spokesman of Ominos clan, councillor Philip Awinyo, had said the Anglican Church was to preside over the burial service.
He had said Omino was a staunch Anglican and would not be buried by the Freemasons.
Awinyo was speaking at Ominos home during an inspection of the grave site by Planning minister Prof Anyang Nyongo and Kisumu DC Wilfred Ole Legei.
Omino, who had been ailing for over five months, died as a result of heart complications and breathing problems.
His death threw into shock his Liberal Democratic Party, where he was the chairman and a key ally of Cabinet minister Raila Odinga.
He was also a well-known football administrator, having served as chairman of the Kenya Football Federation and, until his death, was an executive committee member of the Confederation of African Football (CAF).
His eldest son, Joshua, said a post-mortem revealed that a fluid had gathered in Ominos brain. The fluid is believed to have put pressure on his heart and breathing system.
Omino was born in 1939 and went to Makerere University in 1959 to 1961, Cambridge University and joined the Government as a trainee administrative officer in 1962.
He took over the Kisumu Town West parliamentary seat in 1990 soon after the death of Foreign Affairs minister Robert Ouko and was elected Deputy Speaker in 1997 to 2002.
When he was re-elected to Parliament in 2002 he was appointed assistant minister for foreign affairs where he served until his death yesterday.


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On Thursday, October 23, the Central Virginia Chapter of the AIA hosted its 2014 Design Awards Gala. Community members and design professionals gathered to celebrate the accomplishments of beautifully designed projects and honor local leaders in the architecture field. Introductory remarks were made by Charlottesville City Council Member Kathy Galvin, AIA on the importance of quality spaces and the imaginative power of architecture to help cities and citizens realize their full potential in built form.
During an award-studded evening, VMDO was privileged to receive several outstanding awards for leadership and design. VMDO founder and UVA professor emeritus Robert Vickery received the 2014 Milton L. Grigg Award, which honors lifetime achievement in design and education in the field of architecture.
Mr. Vickery receives the Central Virginia AIA Milton L. Grigg Award.
In addition, VMDO received top design awards for both K-12 and Higher Education projects. Buckingham County Primary & Elementary Schools received the Honor Award for Design Excellence. The jury had the following to say about the project:
"We were very pleased that the school district chose to renovate two existing buildings rather than build new facilities. In turn the architects did a very skillful job of unifying and transforming these structures into a cohesive learning environment for young children. The interiors of the project are wonderfully cheerful with clarity and simplicity. Every part of the school is a learning experience from the marvelous kitchen lab to the signage identifying each classroom to the wonderful creation of a working landscape. The design responds totally to this new school curriculum. This school could be used as a model for elementary schools nationwide."
Buckingham Primary & Elementary received the Honor Award for Design Excellence.
Liberty University's New Library & Academic Commons received the 2014 Honor Award for Interior Architecture. The jury had the following to say about the project:
"This library has a terrific central space that brings to life a structure that in the past was typically designed as a very passive solemn building type. The central spine welcomes, through its fabulous staircase, gathering of all types whether it be casual seating or performances. The openness of the library spaces is most refreshing and reflects the changing nature of the purpose of libraries today. This is a very well designed interior from its lighting to use of materials and natural day-light. This is a great example of the prototypical library of the 21st century."
Library University's Library received the Honor Award for Interior Architecture.
David Oakland (left) and Kelly Callahan accept design awards on behalf of VMDO.
Thank you to everyone who helped make this year's Central Virginia AIA Design Awards Gala possible.


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In the last article Add Record to Multiple Chatter Groups – Parsing Multi-Select Picklist fields (Flow) I have promised to discuss the way to call a flow from publisher action, so lets start with a business scenario.
Business Use case
System Administrator in Universal container created a flow to add Opportunity record to multiple Chatter Groups. They have received a requirement from business user to make this flow available as publisher action on Opportunity object.
Solution for the above business requirement
To solve the above business requirement we will embed the flow in a Visualforce page. To do that follow the below instructions
1) Copy the Unique Name of the flow (which you want to embed in a Visualforce page) from flow detail page, as shown the following screenshot
2) To embed the flow in a Visualforce page, Click on Setup | Build | Develop | Pages and click on the New button to create a new Visualforce page, below is the sample code for your reference
Add Record to multiple Chatter Groups
3) Save the Visualforce page.
4) Create a publisher action on Opportunity object to call the Visualforce page. Click on Setup | Build | Customize | Opportunities | Buttons, Links, and Actions and click on New Action button and enter the details as shown in the following screenshot
5) Click on Save, once you are done.
6) Add the newly created action (Add Record) on the Opportunity Page layout. Navigate to Setup | Build | Customize | Opportunities | Page Layouts and click on the Edit link, Add Publisher action Add Record onto the page layout as shown in the following screenshot
7) Once you are done with modification, click on Save.
It's time to test this feature
To test this flow, follow the below instructions
1) Go to the Opportunity Detail page, and click on Add Record publisher action, as shown in the following screenshot
Note :- I will suggest you to Implement this first on your developer org test it and then move it to Production.


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Call us on 0121 270 5652 or email email@example.com
AO4S-192 AIO provides four servo-balanced outputs. With this a maximum of 6 (including the stereo I/O of the card) inputs and/or outputs can be achieved.
The converters offer the same performance as the on-board stereo analog I/O of the HDSPe AIO: up to 192 kHz, balanced connection and the choice of three different reference levels, selected in the Settings dialog.
For HDSP 9632 & HDSPe AIO
Buying from us, we want you to have total peace of mind. All our stock is sourced from official UK suppliers. We do not sell grey imports. This means that you are fully covered by the manufacturers warranties. We're also members of the MIA which means that if anything happens to us, your equipment is stilll covered by a special 24 month warranty on supported brands.
We're here to answer any technical or creative questions about what you're buying. We'll be honest. Some manufacturers let you believe their product will bring around world peace and end hunger if you buy it- but then don't even include the right cables to hook it up with! That's why you buy from us- if you want to check anything you can call, email or message us on social media. We'll get back as fast as we can.
If you're buying for business or education, email us to check your best quote. We always try to be as competitive as we can.
Some stock is ready to go but not everything- we're here to chat to and can check stock and get better lead times from our suppliers by picking up the phone or dropping us a message on social media or email. We're talking to our suppliers daily and most will ship out if its really urgent.
DPD have been our primary courier service for the last few years. They're fast and have been very reliable and we've found them the best at getting things to you in working order and giving all the information you need to plan your day around a delivery. In some instances we use other couriers. If you've a question on that or a preferred courier, please speak to us and we'll see what we can do to use them for you.
Giraffe Audio is a specialist retailer for music productions and studio recording equipment. We sell a wide range of products for musicians and audio engineers. Our web-store offers the perfect tools for better recording and performance.


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sorry for the small print
It's readable with high power cheaters or if you download and enlarge it. Bottom line: I'm with the Republican minority on this one. Schiff is not even remotely capable of even giving the appearance of neutrality or any openness to actual facts on this. He's been shown to be a liar and the lies MUST stop, have no place in our government, and the man from whose lips they have been issuing has no business chairing an important House oversight committee.
Oh, here it is BIGGER... bigly.
pipe up any time....
love, nines ||| hatfields and mccoys | shiny barbarism


text: There was a time when I was more than a little embarrassed to reveal just how lengthy my makeup routine is. Primer, foundation, finishing powder, eyeshadow, eyeliner, mascara, blush … there are a LOT of products involved and it takes me a decent chunk of time to get ready each day. What a vain pursuit, right? Expensive, silly, shallow … except that's not at all how I feel about it anymore. Now that I'm over 40 and a little wiser (and a little more weathered), I'm completely confident when I say that applying makeup is exactly as soothing for me as any other method of self-care.


text: 11 October 2019Mark MillerInsightLoans and repayment schedules, Mumbai, India. Photo: Simone D. McCourtie/World BankAddressing geographical inequalities in access to quality servicesWhen it comes to accessing quality public services, inequalities often manifest themselves in geographical terms. This is a major theme picked up in the latest Goalkeepers Report from the Gates Foundation. One potential driver of varied access to services within countries is that the level of spending by region is not equitable (see for instance this ODI paper earlier this year which was updated last month). Another possible reason (although one that is much harder to measure) is that the efficiency of spending can vary across different geographies. This study by Ruth Carlitz in Tanzania uses geocoded data to show that aggregate efficiency metrics (like efficiency frontiers that show how far a country is away from the most efficient comparator countries) can mask large distributional differences in efficiency. She shows how certain districts in Tanzania had much larger impacts in terms of easing access to community water points despite building fewer water points.Using similar approaches, this study shows that while Chinese aid is politically biased in its allocation, it supports local economic development irrespective of where investments take place.Balancing control and flexibility in spendingA perennial issue in public expenditure management is how to strike an appropriate balance between ensuring fiduciary control while allowing managers flexibility. This paper from Moritz Piatti and Ali Hashim makes a very sensible proposition to make greater use of new technologies to help minimise the administrative burden of processing thousands of low-value transactions through a centralised financial management information system (FMIS).I am less optimistic about the benefits of the proposed 'purposeful policy shift' to use the FMIS to control all high-value transactions. From an accounting perspective the information is of course useful. But it is difficult to imagine that processing salaries through an FMIS would have prevented the cited examples of unbudgeted salary hikes in Zambia and Ghana. Similarly, a FMIS does not prevent overruns in large investments projects or escalating legal obligations to service debt.The latest on the 'shake-up of global tax'The OECD has published its proposals that change century old rules on how corporations pay tax (reported on in the Financial Times). This map of 'missing profits' is a fantastic visual representation of why it is so important to find ways to prevent multinational companies from shifting profits for the purposes of lowering their tax liabilities.The proposed reforms pave the way for multinational companies to be taxed based on where value is created, rather than the physical location of their subsidiaries. The specifics of how exactly this should be done will have large ramifications for which countries most benefit from the changes as this blog from the Tax Justice Network points out. Rasmus Christensen and Martin Hearson set out the global trends in international political economy that have contributed to these sweeping changes in global economic governance.Generating a fair share of revenues from the extractive sectorThe extractive sector is a major source of revenues in many of the world's poorest countries. There are some new really useful materials aimed at helping governments collect a fair share of revenues from their resource endowments. The Intergovernmental Forum on Mining, Minerals, Metals and Sustainable Development (IGF) have published this practice note that helps decision-makers to critically evaluate the case for tax incentives and how they might be designed most appropriately. Building upon recent gains in greater transparency in the extractive sector, the IGF have also been able to compile a database of tax incentives across 21 countries in the mining sector.This joint publication from ODI and GIZ focuses more on ways in which governments can make sure that tax obligations from existing mining investments are actually met. It gives some nice practical examples of how four West African countries have taken measures to strengthen the capacity of revenue authorities in collecting revenues from the sector. ODI's Gundula Löffler also reflects in this blog about the importance of sharing information across countries to help conduct audits of extractive firms in West Africa.The Africa Debt MonitorRecent months have seen increased focus of debt dynamics in Africa. The Collaborative African Budget Reform Institute (CABRI) have worked with debt management offices across the region to build up a new platform for sharing information around debt. The debt monitor is particularly useful for bringing together comparative information on institutional practices in debt management offices that would be ripe for researchers to explore further.The challenges in using data on government contractsEarlier this year, I asked one of our research associates to dig in to new publicly available data on government contracts. I was keen to get some descriptive information around what governments actually spend their money on to see if it was possible to inform procurement reforms that were better tailored to the bulk of procurement spending. This blog very nicely sums up why such kinds of questions are still so 'damned difficult' to answer despite advances in transparency.If you would like to sign up to receive the public finance resources round-up regularly, please email Mark ([email protected]). Public finance and development: monthly round-up blogsAuthors Mark MillerDirector of Programme - Development and Public Finance Mark's research focuses on how the international community engages on questions of public finance [...]See more:public financetechnologymore effective tax systemstaxdataGlobalsub-Saharan AfricaView the discussion thread.Related Countries in West Africa must work together to ensure mining companies pay enough taxCountries in West Africa face similar challenges, often with the same multinational mining companies, so should collaborate to strengthen their position.Articles and blogs26 September 2019 Public finance and development: five things to read in SeptemberFinance ministries as 'pockets of effectiveness'; democratising tax research; the limits of transparency and more.Articles and blogs12 September 2019 How to make property tax work for local governments in poorer countries Poorer countries need to step up domestic revenue mobilisation efforts. Making property tax work for local governments could go a long way to help.Articles and blogs2 July 2019Public finance and development: monthly round-up blogsExplore all blogs from our series of monthly public finance and development round-ups.ProjectsMark Miller View the discussion thread.


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According to Flora of West Tropical Africa[FWTA]
Crassulaceae, Hutchinson and Dalziel. Flora of West Tropical Africa 1:1. 1954
- Habit
- Herbs and undershrubs, usually succulent; leaves opposite or alternate, exstipulate
- Flowers
- Flowers actinomorphic, hermaphrodite, usually cymose
- Calyx
- Sepals free or united into a tube, often 4 or 5
- Corolla
- Petals the same number as the sepals, free or variously connate, hypogynous
- Androecium
- Stamens as many or twice as many as the petals, if few then alternate with the petals, slightly perigynous; filaments free; anthers 2-celled, introrse, dehiscing longitudinally
- Nectaries
- Hypogynous scales present within the stamens
- Gynoecium
- Carpels superior, the same number as the petals free or united at the base, 1-celled; ovules many or rarely few, inserted on the adaxial suture; styles short or elongated
- Fruits
- Fruit follicular, membranous or leathery, often surrounded by the persistent membranous corolla, opening on the adaxial side
- Seeds
- Seeds mostly minute, usually with fleshy endosperm; embryo straight
- Distribution
- Widely distributed in temperate and tropical regions, especially in mountainous districts, rare in South America and Australasia
According to Neotropikey[NTK]
Hind, D.J.N. (2009). Neotropical Crassulaceae.
- Morphology
Perennial herbs, rarely annual or biennial , rarely small shrubs, usually stem and/or leaf succulents. Leaves opposite or alternate , rarely verticillate , exstipulate , usually simple , usually glabrous , often glaucous , rarely with glands in leaf surface, sometimes pubescent , hairs either unicellular or multicellular and glandular - capitate or eglandular, margins usually entire , sometimes serrate , crenate or dentate , rarely coarsely lobed . Flowers usually in terminal cymose inflorescences, less often in spikes or racemes or solitary in leaf-axils, with or without bracts, regular, hermaphrodite , rarely unisexual and dioecious , mostly (3-)4-5 (-± 30)- merous ; sepals 4-5 (-6), free or united into tube, persistent ; petals same number as sepals, free or variously connate ; stamens hypogynous or epipetalous, as many as petals or twice as many, in one whorl (Crassula-lineage) or more usually two whorls (Sedum-lineage), frequently obdiplostemenous, with outer whorl alternate and free from petals and inner whorl adnate to petals; filaments free or adnate to petals; anthers dorsifixed, bithecous, introrse, opening by a longitudinal slit; nectaries scale-like and usually present between the stamens and carpels. Carpels superior , equal in number to petals, free or slightly connate at base, unilocular; ovules (few-) many, inserted on adaxial suture, submarginal or proximally axile ; styles short or elongated, stigmatic surface on inner side of apex . Fruit usually of separate follicles, rarely a capsule , follicles membranous or leathery, often surrounded by persistent membranous corolla , opening on adaxial side. Seed minute, glabrous , testa variously striate and sometimes ornamented with ridges or papillae; endosperm usually present and sparse; embryo straight.
- Distribution
Distribution in the Neotropics
- Largest genus is Sedum L. with about 500 species in total.
- Echeveria DC. is the largest in the Western hemisphere with c. 150 species.
- Sedum follows Echeveria with c. 110 spp. in the Neotropics.
- Crassula L. has c. 11 spp. in the Neotropics.
- Villadia Rose contains c. 10 in Peru.
- General Description
Number of genera
- There are four native genera (Sedum, Echeveria, Crassula and Villadia) and one cultivated (Kalanchoe).
- Main areas of speciation include Africa (dry areas), Madagascar, Macaronesia and Mexico.
- Up to six subfamilies are recognized but following DNA analysis only two main lineages are seen clearly - the Crassula-lineage and the Sedum-lineage.
- Mostly plants of dry, rocky habitats, usually terrestrial but rarely epiphytic and very rarely aquatic.
- Diagnostic
Useful tips for generic identification
- Crassula spp. are usually prostrate or aquatic herbs, typically with isostemonous flowers.
- Echeveria spp. have obovatefleshy leaves, usually arranged in a rosette, and lateral racemose inflorescences
- Sedum spp. have paniculate cymes; both genera have free or basally connate petals.
- There are several species of Kalanchoe that are cultivated, some naturalized; they are best recognized by flowers with (4) fused petals forming a tube, and many species have lobed, crenate or serrate margined leaves. A number of species of Kalanchoe , formally in the genus Bryophyllum , have plantlets on the leaf margins.
- Literature
Important literature
Bywater, M. & G. E .Wickens. (1984). New World species of the genus Crassula. Kew Bull. 39(4): 699-728.
Claussen, R. T. (1959). Sedum of North America north of the Mexican Plateau. An exposition of taxonomic methods. Comstock Publishing Associates, Ithaca, New York. pp. 380.
Freire Fierro, A. (2004). Crassulaceae. In: G. Harling & L. Andersson (eds), Flora of Ecuador 73: 3-16. Botanical Institute, Göteborg University.
Fröderström, H. (1936). The genus Sedum L. : a systematic essay. Part. IV. Acta Horti Gotoburgensis. 10, Appendix. 1-181 + pl. I-CXV.
Pilbeam, J. (2008). The genus Echeveria. The British Cactus & Succulent Society, Hornchurch. 333 pp.
Walther, E. (1972). Echeveria. California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco. pp. 426.
According to Flora of Tropical East Africa[FTEA]
Crassulaceae, G.E. Wickens. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 1987
- Habit
- Annual, biennial or perennial herbs, rarely small shrubs, usually succulent
- Leaves
- Leaves opposite or alternate, rarely verticillate, exstipulate
- Flowers
- Flowers usually in terminal cymose inflorescences, less often in spikes or racemes or solitary in the leaf-axils, with or without bracts, regular, hermaphrodite, rarely unisexual and dioecious, mostly (3–)4–5(–±30)-merous
- Calyx
- Sepals free or united into a tube, persistent
- Corolla
- Petals the same number as the sepals, free or variously connate
- Androecium
- Stamens hypogynous or epipetalous, as many as the petals or twice as many, and in 2 whorls, frequently obdiplostemonous; filaments free or adnate to the petals; anthers 2-thecous, introrse, opening by a longitudinal slit; scale-like nectaries usually present between the stamens and carpels
- Gynoecium
- Carpels superior, equal in number to the petals, free or slightly connate at the base, 1-locular; ovules (few–)many, inserted on the adaxial suture; style short or elongated, stigmatose on the inner side of the apex
- Fruits
- Fruit follicular, membranous or leathery, often surrounded by the persistent membranous corolla, opening on the adaxial side
- Seeds
- Seeds minute; endosperm usually present; embryo straight
According to Flora Zambesiaca[FZ]
Crassulaceae, R. Fernandes. Flora Zambesiaca 7:1. 1983
- Leaves
- Leaves opposite, verticillate or alternate, usually simple, sometimes compound, exstipulate, often ± thick and fleshy-succulent
- Flowers
- Flowers (3)4-5(6-32)-merous, actinomorphic, usually bisexual, in axillary or terminal cymes often grouped in corymb- or panicle-like inflorescences, less often in racemes or spikes or solitary in the leaf-axil
- Calyx
- Sepals free or ±: united at the base, sometimes in a ± long tube
- Corolla
- Petals as many as the sepals, free or ± connate, hypogynous
- Androecium
- Stamens as many or twice as many as the petals; filaments free or more or less connate with the corolla-tube; anthers 2-celled, introrse, basifixed, dehiscing longitudinally
- Gynoecium
- Ovary superior; carpels equal in number to the petals, free or united (up to the middle); ovules many or few to one in each carpel, anatropous, inserted on the adaxial suture; styles short, sometimes nearly absent or ± elongate; stigmas capitate
- Fruits
- Fruit follicular, membranous or leathery, opening along the free part of the adaxial suture
- Seeds
- Seeds mostly minute with smooth, rugose or tuberculate tegument and usually fleshy endosperm; embryo straight
- Nectaries
- Hypogynous scales (scale-like nectaries) usually present, small, applied to the base of the outer face of the carpels
Accepted Genera
- Adromischus Lem.
- Aeonium Webb & Berthel.
- Afrovivella A.Berger
- Aichryson Webb & Berthel.
- Chaloupkaea Niederle
- Chiastophyllum (Ledeb.) A.Berger
- Cotyledon L.
- Crassula L.
- Cremnophila Rose
- Dudleya Britton & Rose
- Echeveria DC.
- Graptopetalum Rose
- Hylotelephium H.Ohba
- Hypagophytum A.Berger
- Kalanchoe Adans.
- Kungia K.T.Fu
- Lenophyllum Rose
- Meterostachys Nakai
- Monanthes Haw.
- Orostachys Fisch.
- Pachyphytum Link, Klotzsch & Otto
- Perrierosedum (A.Berger) H.Ohba
- Petrosedum Grulich
- Phedimus Raf.
- Pistorinia DC.
- Prometheum (A.Berger) H.Ohba
- Pseudosedum (Boiss.) A.Berger
- Rhodiola L.
- Rosularia (DC.) Stapf
- Sedum L.
- Sempervivum L.
- Sinocrassula A.Berger
- Thompsonella Britton & Rose
- Tylecodon Toelken
- Umbilicus DC.
- Villadia Rose
Other Data
First published in Expos. Fam. Nat. 2: 123. 1805 [Feb-Apr 1805] (as "Crassuleae") (1805)
Accepted by
- APG IV (2016) http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/boj.12385
Flora Zambesiaca
Flora Zambesiaca
Flora of Tropical East Africa
Flora of Tropical East Africa
Flora of West Tropical Africa
Flora of West Tropical Africa
Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone
The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2020. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/
© Copyright 2017 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0
Milliken, W., Klitgard, B. and Baracat, A. (2009 onwards), Neotropikey - Interactive key and information resources for flowering plants of the Neotropics.


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United Car Removal is a licensed and experienced service provider in the car wreckers business. Over the years, it became successful in presenting itself as one of the best car wreckers in Sydney, Australia. And their customer-oriented service is to be credited for it. With over a decade of experience in this field, United Car Removal has developed the skills of understanding customers' interest, value them, and deliver what they need. Currently, we are providing our car wreckers services all throughout Sydney, Newcastle, Central Coast, and Wollongong.
You may find a plentiful of car wreckers in Newcastle, Sydney, Central Coast, and Hunter Valley. But what truly puts us ahead of our competitors is the precise combination of friendly service, competitive prices, and commitment to performance. With us, you can expect a seamless process from beginning to end and top cash dollar for your unwanted vehicle, even if it is a little worse for wear.
United Car Removal offers the removal of wrecked vehicles at the request of the clients. We do such kind of removal irrespective of the make, model, age, or condition of the car with the best of our abilities. This includes but is not limited to Sedans, Vans, Trucks, Jeeps, SUVs, 4WDs, and more. we then disassemble the vehicle and resell any operational parts or otherwise salvage the scraps and give top cash for the car.
Basically all the nitty-gritty and tiring parts that are outside what most people are prepared to participate in. It's tough work, and can easily get complicated depending on the condition and scope of the wrecked vehicle, but we are ready to tackle it head-on. Removing your car is a big task, and many don't know where to start. Don't worry, we are ready to help and make sure everything proceeds as smoothly as possible.
We aren't just concerned with our bottom line, we also highly value client experience and satisfaction. To this end, we provide our services in a friendly but professional manner and guide you throughout the entire process. We continue to operate because of the community and this is our way of giving back.
If you are looking for car wreckers in Australia, you can always remember us. Don't settle for less. contact us fortop-quality car removal, the best price for your vehicle, and all at no cost to you. Faulty, smashed, or completely demolished, we accept vehicles of all makes, models, and conditions.
Call us: 0487002222
Email us:
Or you can fill out our online form to get in touch with one of our friendly staff members. If you're looking to make a request include the correct details of your car to expedite the process.


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75 Kenmare Sales Gallery
New York
Client: DHA Development
75 Kenmare is a residential building located in lower Manhattan developed by DHA and designed by Kravitz Design. The building is home to unique floorplans, two garden areas, and a roof space. Click Here to see the Curbed article.
Our real estate sales galleries are multimedia experiences including 4K displays and responsive models. Tablets control the entire experience, giving the agent the ability to show floor-plans, renders, views, videos, and the neighborhood. Our software has a seamless interface that allows the user to create their own path and their own presentation. The model reacts dynamically to the onscreen content, lighting up individual apartments, the lobby, retail space, garden, and much more. We provide the technological tools to entice and amaze.


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OhBoy! - Carrot and the Stick T Shirt single
OhBoy! Are a splendid lot, and as well as quirky indie pop melodies you could slay a horde of demons with, they also deliver excellent T Shirts – with cats on them. Brilliant. To celebrate the release of brand new single Carrot and The Stick which has been garnering all sorts of airplay across Radio 1, Radio X and Amazing Radio, before seeing its premiere on DIY – we've put together this T Shirt single for just £10 – which comes with automatic download of the track. Just to confirm the actual ones don't come with a jam stain on them. That's just our messy model


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24 November 2016Share
A sport and job-readiness education program aimed at Brisbane youth from refugee migrant backgrounds has won the 2016 Vice-Chancellor's Community Engagement Award.
Kicking Goals Together (KGT) was established by Dr Matthew Pink, Lecturer in the School of Exercise Science and Health, Sport and Well-Being at the Brisbane Campus, in collaboration with MDA and the Rohingya Young Stars, a local football team from refugee migrant backgrounds.
KGT welcomes members of Brisbane's refugee migrant community each week to the Banyo campus to participate in organised sporting competitions followed by a "skill-up" aimed at developing attendees' job related skills and networks.
Members of the Kicking Goals Together team (L-R) Jennifer Younger, Matthew Pink, Kate Morris and Samsul Alam.
Also recognized this year is Dr Monica Wong, Lecturer in Mathematics Education at the Strathfield Campus who was awarded the 2016 Staff Award Outstanding Community Engagement.
Dr Wong has introduced mathematics clubs at three Sydney primary schools located in communities identified as low-socioeconomic status, Aboriginal and culturally diverse.
The clubs aim to build a strong foundation in mathematics by increasing students' interest and self-confidence in mathematics, breaking the cycle of mathematics "failure" for students from low-socioeconomic status backgrounds and instead building lifelong ability in mathematics.
ACU Lecturer in Mathematics Education Dr Monica Wong.
This year's community engagement awards also recognise ACU Bachelor of Speech Pathology student Freeda Thong who was awarded the 2016 Student Award for Outstanding Community Engagement.
Miss Thong is the Founder and Director of Ecopads Australia, a social enterprise that makes handmade, environmentally friendly and reusable menstrual cloth pads with a cause: for every pad sold, one is sent to a girl or woman in need in a developing country.
This innovative venture targets environmental change and impact through education and accessibility. Ecopads Australia has grown exponentially, reaching customers both nationally and internationally, including New Zealand, Singapore, the United Kingdom, Papua New Guinea, Ireland and Sweden.
ACU Bachelor of Speech Pathology student Freeda Thong.
All three of the recipients will be presented with their awards at upcoming Graduation ceremonies.
Visit Service Central to access Corporate Services.
Make a request for services provided by Corporate Services.
Find answers to frequently asked questions 24/7.


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Two men have been hospitalised, one with severe burns, after a reported explosion on a farm.
Mid and West Wales Fire and Rescue Service received a 999 call reporting a welding explosion in Broad Haven.
A man was found outside a barn with 'extensive burns over the entirety of his body'.
He was airlifted to Swansea's Morriston Hospital and a second person was taken to Withybush General Hospital in Haverfordwest.
The Welsh Ambulance Service was called to Broad Haven just after 11:50 GMT on Thursday.
A spokeswoman for the Mid and West Wales Fire and Rescue Service said: "We had the call at 11.43am to go to a farm near Broadhaven.
"There was one male casualty suffering from severe burns so our firefighters helped with cleaning the area and administered oxygen and extinguished a fire in front of an open barn area.
"Crews from Haverfordwest and Milford Haven attended."
The incident follows a Nuffield Farming Scholarships Trust report, 'How farming safety can be improved', published by Warwickshire-based farmer James Chapman.
Mr Chapman, who works on a 182ha (450-acre) arable farm, lost his left arm in 2005 after becoming entangled in an unguarded PTO shaft while working on a friend's farm.
Since then he has worked to educate others in the industry about farm safety through Young Farmers and the Health and Safety Executive and was awarded an MBE for services to farming in 2012.
In his report, Mr Chapman writes that farming is one of the most dangerous industries in the world.
In the UK, 9.7 in every 100,000 workers employed on farms die each year. The next most dangerous UK industry is construction where the number of deaths is around 2.1 per 100,000 workers.


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Edensundown Morning Mist
|Maggie's has retired- and found her forever home age 6
Maggie is Chopper's daughter and her hips are 1-0 elbows 0-0
EIC carrier, eyes are clear PRCD.
|Sire : Croftbrae Thunderstorm {Black
|S: Driftway Blue Print {Black}
|S: Ch.Ch.Driftway Black Power {Black}
|D: Ch.Gallybob Inca (IMP) U.K (Yellow).
|D: Driftway Mariah {Black}
|S: Ch.Driftway Chivas Regal {yellow}
|D: Ch.Driftway Mercedes {Black}
|Dam : Edensundown Kelsie (yellow)
|S: CH. Strangways Billie Black (Black)
|S: Grand. CH. Gunnislake Tippler Jack (Black)
|D: Strangways Autumn Brown (Choc)
|D: Silverstream Sand Dancer (Yellow)
|S: Grand. CH. Driftway Regal Oak (Yellow)
|D: Gooniwiggal Fire Dancer (Yellow)
Contact DetailsPaulene Andrews
Tamworth, NSW, Australia
Phone : (02)67241483 or 0427963755
Email : ede[email protected]


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Architectural Precast Concrete Manufacturer for sale - Queensland
This industry leading architectural precast concrete manufacturer is a very well established business based in South East Queensland. The business is easy to run and has a very well established client base with repeat customers making up a large proportion of the clientele each year.
The business is highly systemized with effective processes and long term staff in place leaving the owner with a General Manager, Client liaison and estimator role of approximately 30 hours (4 days) per week.
Sales growth has been very consistent each year and the business continues to show strong forward orders.
Sales 2016 $808,386
Sales 2017 $911,344
Sales 2018 $1,190,955
Sales 2019 $1,340,495
The business owns its own freehold premises and can give an incoming buyer a long term lease over the site or alternatively negotiate a sale of the freehold. The owners are well prepared to offer extensive training and support to an incoming purchaser although no specific skills are required as well trained key staff are in place.
This outstanding business showed a net return to the owner of $307,256 for 2019 and strong forward orders and work in progress show positive signs this number will only increase for 2020 and beyond.
Don't miss this outstanding opportunity to acquire a very good business with exceptionally strong foundations and excellent key staff and systems in place.


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Dolce & Gabbana Light Blue in-case Displays
Project Summary
Sensual and Mediterranean is the look of this in-case display for Dolce & Gabbana's Light Blue. To give the product a strong in-store presence, we set the artwork in an ocean blue frame and lined the base with reflective chrome. This design sets an eye-catching stage and brings out the sexy allure of the fragrance.
Design materials include:
- Clear acrylic
- Custom frosted acrylic
- Chrome


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Baseball Boston Red Sox -- Placed P Tom Bolton on the 15-day DL. Recalled P Daryl Irvine from Class AAA Pawtucket.
Chicago White Sox -- Recalled P Jeff Carter from Class AAA Vancouver. Optioned P Greg Hibbard (7-8, 4.31 ERA) to Vancouver.
Texas Rangers -- Activated P Brad Arnsberg from the 60-day DL. Optioned P Gerald Alexander to Class AAA Oklahoma City.
Football Chicago Bears -- Signed T Keith Van Horne and RB Brad Muster to two-year contracts.
Indianapolis Colts -- Waived WR Terence Barber.
Los Angeles Rams -- Signed T Robert Cox.


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#036 Ringie-Dingies: Erupting Telemarketer
As a general rule of thumb when it comes to telemarketers I do not engage. If they are polite say not thank you or we are not interested and hang up. If it is a recording I just hang up without saying anything. BUT if the person rude or try's to tell me a bald […]
EFTPS for Beginners
A couple years ago I typed up some simple instructions for a family member on how to enter payroll taxes in the IRS EFTPS system. I remembered how intimidated it felt. the first time I used it. E – Electronic F – Federal T – Tax P – Payment S – System A few weeks ago I needed my […]
Tip of the Two Weeks
Never make yourself so indispensable you can not take a vacation.
You should be a valuable asset to your employer but if no one else can do your job duties while you are away, you may never get a vacation. Keep an up-to-date list of duties and instructions for your relief. If you have no relief, delegate, bring gifts.
Happy New Year Fellow Office Gurus!
Happy Year End Fellow Office Gurus!
{Don't worry, I won't hurt you
I only want you to have some fun}
I was dreamin' when I wrote this, forgive me if it goes astray
But when I woke up this mornin', could've sworn it was 1099 day
The sky was all purple, there were bookkeepers runnin' everywhere
Tryin' to run from the migraines, you know I didn't even care
Say say one thousand zero zero party over, oops, out of time
So tonight I'm gonna party like it's ten ninety-nine


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'Brand New' Austin Metro For Sale
Classic Car Auctions (CCA) will be offering a unique opportunity to own a 'brand new' 1983 Austin Metro Vanden Plas 500 in its sale at CarFest South on 29th August. The car, offered without reserve, has covered just 741 miles and had just one registered owner since new, forming part of the famous and historic Patrick Collection housed in Birmingham. Very few Vanden Plas Metros remain on the road, and this rare car, the second of only 500 built, is believed to be one of only five left in the UK.


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1 lb. - 7.99 4 lb. - 19.99
Shockwave Exploding Rifle Targets are designed to be safe, legal, fun, and affordable!
Safe: Shockwave Targets are non-flammable, non-hazardous, non-toxic, and are very stable. The only way to detonate our targets is by a .223 or higher caliber rifle round (rounds exceeding 2,200 fps).
Legal: Our product has been approved for civilian use in the United States. For more information on the legal use of exploding targets in your area, please contact your local government agency.
Fun: The LOUD, CHEST-THUMPING BLAST that our targets produce is comparable to a stick of dynamite! It is hard to put the AWESOMENESS of our product into words - you just need to try one to find out for yourself!
- Item #: shockwave 1/4
- Manufacturer: Shockwave


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Posted by Helen Booth-Tobin | Date May 20, 2016
This blog post is taken from our Field Notes newsletter which features updates on CEE's research projects. Sign up for Field Notes to get this information in your inbox!
Spring 2016 Research Updates:
Field study of a moisture and heat transfer furnace retrofit device
Single-family space heating is among the largest end uses of energy in Minnesota and, as few furnaces are replaced before failure, there is immense potential for savings through furnace retrofits. New transport membrane humidifier (TMH) technology can retrofit older, mid-efficiency furnaces to significantly increase their energy efficiency. TMH is a new type of technology that is not directly addressed by existing building code. Thus, the project team has been researching how the technology will integrate with existing codes before it is installed for field testing, and this has delayed the majority of the field testing. However, the project team has completed testing at one site and the preliminary data are promising.
The TMH device boosted furnace efficiency by 15% to a net efficiency of about 91%. About 2/3 of that increased efficiency contributed to the relative humidity of the home, with the remaining 1/3 contributing to heating the home, indicating that houses with either portable or central humidifiers will see a big efficiency gain from TMH. In addition, the humidity gain was reliable and predictable, indicating that it will be easier than expected to determine how TMH can best be incorporated into older homes. Project staff are optimistic about the upcoming installations because the approach performed well at the first site, which was among the most difficult scenarios for the technology due to its high occupancy density and low envelope leakage.
Commercial building plug load energy strategies *
Plug load energy use in commercial buildings is the fastest growing end use in U.S. commercial buildings, in stark contrast to decreases in other end uses such as cooling and lighting. This project characterizes commercial building plug load and evaluates various reduction strategies. This project looks at four plug load reduction strategies: two types of smart power strips, computer power management, and a behavior campaign. The field team has finished monitoring at six of the eight sites and will finish up the final two sites in June. While savings have been highly variable and dependent on the type and amount of loads in a typical workstation for an office, field results showed savings of 23-33%, with smart power strip strategies at the low end of that range and others at the high end. It was also noted that the human element of plug load technology must be addressed with behavioral management strategies to achieve optimal savings.
In conjunction with the monitoring, project partner LHB surveyed site participants toward the end of the monitoring phase to capture more qualitative feedback. The next steps are to analyze the survey responses and the quantitative data collected on site, complete an economic analysis, and write the final report. Once the final report is complete, project staff will shift their focus to presenting the results both to project participants and at numerous conferences including ACEEE Summer Study later this year.
Note: We will profile this project in CEE's blog in coming weeks.
Cold climate air source heat pump assessment
Air source heat pumps (ASHPs) have the potential to improve space heating efficiency and reduce energy costs for houses in cold climates where natural gas is unavailable. This study assesses the efficiency and reliability of new generation ASHPs in Minnesota's cold climate homes to determine how to best integrate this technology into utility efficiency programs. The project team has installed ASHPs and begun data collection at four of the six locations, and analysis is currently under way. Initial data show that the equipment is capable of high performance as long as the control that activates the backup is adjusted to lock out the backup system when it does not need to run.
This project is also assessing the policy and program implications of reducing delivered fuel consumption. The field results will be used to inform policy recommendations and help accelerate the integration of ASHPs into utility programs. Project staff has compiled initial recommendations and these will be included in the presentation at the ACEEE Summer Study later this year.
Quality installation and retrocommissioning of condensing boilers **
While high-efficiency condensing boilers have been available in the residential market for many years, consumer acceptance and market penetration is low. One contributing factor is the widespread belief that many installed boilers are not achieving their listed efficiency. This project is characterizing existing boilers and determining practical and cost-effective steps to improve performance through both retrocommissioning and improved installation. The project team completed monitoring of the "as is" operating condition of existing boilers and has identified cost-effective ways to improve their efficiency. Preliminary data showed that installed boilers actually perform relatively well at about 90% efficiency, which was unexpected and, while this is good news for existing condensing boilers, it suggests that there may be fewer opportunities for optimization to significantly increase energy efficiency. The team is now monitoring the optimized boilers to determine how much the identified retrofit options boost efficiency, and if that boost is enough to be worth the effort. The next step is to install new systems and monitor performance through the next heating season.
The preliminary data from the existing boilers also indicated that the "as is" high performance is a combination of the equipment being able to modulate with temperature changes and proper installation. Project lead the Neighborhood Energy Connection is using the data to determine best practices for installation, and will work with contractors to gain feedback and disseminate the information for widespread adoption.
Field study of intelligent, network, retrofittable water controller ***
CEE has partnered with Gas Technology Institute and Sunnovations on a yearlong field study of the Sunnovations Aquanta smart water heater controller. The Aquanta is a retrofit device for residential and small commercial storage water heaters that can be installed on existing water heaters to monitor and control hot water energy use from a smart device or home networking platform. This study aims to validate the field performance, cost-effectiveness, direct energy savings, and demand-side management capabilities of the Sunnovations Aquanta smart water heater controller.
The project team is currently recruiting Minnesota residents to participate in this study.
These projects are supported in part by a grant from the Minnesota Department of Commerce, Division of Energy Resources through the Conservation Applied Research and Development (CARD) program. And with co-funding by CEE in support of its nonprofit mission to advance research, knowledge dissemination, and program design in the field of energy efficiency.
* CEE is subcontractor to Seventhwave on this project.
** CEE is subcontractor to the Neighborhood Energy Connection on this project.
*** CEE is subcontractor to Gas Technology Institute on this project.
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Inflammation adversely affects the health of millions of people worldwide and there is an unmet medical need for better anti-inflammatory drugs. Our group evaluates the therapeutic interest of mycolactone, a polyketide-derived macrolide produced by Mycobacterium ulcerans, and simplified versions of this compound synthesized by the team of Nicolas Blanchard (University of Strasbourg, CNRS).
Infection with M. ulcerans causes ulcerative lesions of the skin that are characterized by a lack of inflammation and pain. Experiments in cell and animal models have shown that mycolactone released by the bacteria colonizing the skin is the cause of skin ulceration, and of defective inflammatory responses. In an attempt to isolate the structural determinants of mycolactone's immunomodulatory activity, we screened a library of synthetic subunits of mycolactone for inhibition of inflammatory mediator production by immune cells. We identified truncated versions of mycolactone retaining its immunosuppressive activity relatively better than its cytotoxicity. One of them showed inhibitory activity on the production of inflammatory cytokines by human primary cells at non-cytotoxic doses in vitro. Moreover, it was considerably less toxic than natural mycolactone in human primary dermal fibroblasts modeling its ulcerative activity. In mouse models of human diseases, both mycolactone and synthetic surrogate conferred systemic protection against chronic skin inflammation and inflammatory pain, with no apparent side effects.
This study established the systemic anti-inflammatory potency of mycolactone, and highlighted the translational potential of mycolactone core-derived structures as prospective immunosuppressants. Building on these data, we now plan to analyze the activity of new mycolactone variants in vitro, and evaluate their interest in other models of inflammatory disorders and pain.


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Cops And Racer Game - Rear View
Cops and Racer Game
Car Craft has always had a reputation for being a raconteur. Never was this more prevalent than in the late '60s through the early '70s with a young, audacious staff collected in an office located on Sunset Boulevard in the heart of where it was all happening in Los Angeles. In fact, the Car Craft offices were mere doors down from the so-called Riot Hyatt hotel that was the raucous on-the-road stop for famous rock 'n' roll bands such as the Doors and Led Zeppelin. It should not be surprising then that this profuse style would find its way onto the pages of this magazine.
The tongue-in-cheek Cops and Racer board game appeared in the Aug. '74 issue as the center spread (note the staples). Then-staffer Rick Voegelin says many of the game's anecdotes originated from the staff's or friends' real-life experiences. Take the square that reads: "Park overnight in front of your flame's house. Whirling Dervish street sweeper fails to negotiate around your car at 5:30 a.m. Lose one turn to remove 14,234 bristles from car's paint." Rick says that particular description was lifted directly from an incident in which then-Hot Rod magazine Editor Jim McFarland's red '67 big-block Camaro was sideswiped by a Los Angeles street sweeper that mangled the entire left side of the car.
Sadly, the better story about the throttle-sticking Car Craft Hemi 'Cuda project car that wiped out two Ferraris never made it into the game. Perhaps the financial pain was still too fresh in management's memory. Now there's a project car we should have hung on to.


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Honored professors
- Details
- Created: Saturday, 18 June 2016 11:19
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Anatoliy Stankov
The first to elaborate the Law of Ukraine "On Banks and Banking Activity", the designer of the first Ukrainian hryvnia and coins. The member of subcommittee on banks and bank activity of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, member of the elaboration of the Law of Ukraine "On the National Bank of Ukraine", draftsman of 84 proposals for individual articles of the Law that were adopted, co-draftsman of many Laws of Ukraine concerning finance and banking.
Stephen Mitnick
Director of the "Risk Management" program in the Center of Financial Research in Frankfurt, Germany, Professor of Financial Econometrics Department of the Institute of Statistics, the University of Munich.
A member of the editorial boards of numerous scientific professional publications, namely magazines "Computers and Mathematics", "Research of non-linear dynamics and econometrics." Scientific editor of the book series "Dynamic modeling and econometrics in economy and finance", magazine "Financial Management and Analysis", "Empirical Economics", "Statistical calculations", "Financial risks".
Chairman of the technical committee on business and management methods of the International Control Federation, member of the International Statistical Institute since 1997, member of the Supervisory Committee of the in-depth study program of the economy of the Institute of the World Economy in Kiel since 2000, member of a board of directors of German Statistical Society since 2004.
Miroslav Kalinowskyi
Dean of the Faculty of Theology of the Catholic University, Lublin (Poland), consultant of Pastoral Commission of the Polish Episcopate, member of the Priestly council of Warmia Archdiocese, a member of the Lublin Scientific Society (since 2002), delegate of the Rector of "KUL" on Foreign Affairs, Chairman of the Expert Council for Standards training profile of Sciences of the family (since 2004), Chairman of the Convention of the European College of Polish and Ukrainian Universities, Chairman of "Cooperation of Universities to support the Lublin and Lviv Regions". Received a rector award for the development of international affairs of KUL(2002), Knight Order of Rebirth of Poland (2008) and the Medal of the President of Lublin (2009) for his significant contribution to the development of the city.
Yuri Osipov
The mathematician, teacher and professor, president of the Russian Academy of Sciences (1991 - 2013), Member of Russian Academy of Sciences (since 1987), Chairman of the Interagency Scientific Council of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences in the fundamental problems of medicine, member of the Security Council under the President of Russia, member of the Council for Science, Technology and Education under the President of Russia.
Chief Editor of the periodicals "Reports of the Academy of Sciences", "Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences", "Computing Mathematics and Mathematical Physics", chairman of the editorial board of the series "Science.Vision. Life"
Creator of an idea of Financial Economics and the Global Economy.
Zdzislaw Sokal
Financial expert, banking analyst, a former member of the National Bank of Poland, former Chairman of the Supervisory Board of Kredobank SA (Ukraine).
Janusz Techke
International Management department Chairman of the Faculty of Economics and International Relations of Krakiw University of Economics (Poland), Vice-Rector of Research and International Cooperation of KUE (2002-2008), Professor, Doctor of Economics, Vice President of Network of International Business and Economics of the students mobility school.
Petro Poroshenko
Ukrainian statesman and politician, the fifth President of Ukraine, businessman, Honored Economist of Ukraine, Commander of the Order of Merit of III and II degrees, awarded a diploma of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, laureate of the State Prize of Ukraine in the sphere of science and technology, author of many scientific publications and monographs, laureate of P. Orlyk International prize, Candidate of Juridical Sciences.
Erich Keller
Rector of the Higher School - University of Applied Sciences of the Federal Bank of Germany (Hahenburh, Germany), member of the Council of Rectors of Rhineland-Palatinate, professor, scholar.
Reinhold Hless
Director of "FATTER Consulting" firm, Shyrhizvalde, Germany. The firm is involved in organizing and conducting international projects in the field of higher education and vocational education as well as supporting the international economic cooperation. Member of the three examination boards in the Dresden Chamber of Commerce on improving the training of specialists in the field of industry, trade and transport.
Rudolf Hammerschmidt
Banking analyst, consultant on banking, former chairman of the Social Bank in Cologne, Germany. He was awarded a medal of the German Red Cross, the Order of Merit, member of the Rotary Club.
Franz Peter Lang
Professor, Doctor, vice-rector of the European University of Economics and Management (Luxembourg), Chairman of the Senate of Higher School of Economics and Management (Essen, Germany), member of the Management Board of Sozialwirtschaft AG Bank in Berlin /Cologne, President of the Federal Union of German economists, Editor of "Economic Integration".


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my name is michelle, but i mostly go by my nickname, chelle. i am a new york native who transplanted in kauai in 2000. i have been photographing lifestyle family portraits on kauai, hawaii under my business, island reflections photography, since 2006.
i am a wife and mama of 3 children ages 16, 14 & 3! so yes, i understand the family dynamic well, i understand the ups & downs, and how hard it can be to get everyone together for a portrait. i do my best to make your portrait experience as painless as possible for the entire family.
i love capturing moments with your family over overly posed portraits.
i start each session with a few posed shots and then i guide you into "poses" to lead you towards interacting with each other. to capture those sweet moments between you and your children, family members, grandparents and grandchildren.
my style of portraits is free-spirited & intuative capturing the true personality & laughter, feeling & expressions of your family. i love capturing everyday lifetsyle images, kids playing & being themselves. i strive to make your session as fun as possible, so no one is stressing over the perfect pose & letting go & being yourselves allowing me to make those magical chaotic moments look like magic!
i shoot sessions with both film &/or digital cameras at every session unless you specify one or the other.
i shoot on location using only natural light. locations can be at the comfort of your home or at a favorite outdoor location.
i shoot one session a day giving you the option for a morning or evening shoot. giving you control of vacation activities, busy life schedules & happiest baby hours.
feel free to surf around my blog to see more of my family portraits.
aloha lifestyle collection: $995
My favorite! This collection is a 90 minute photo session with all your digital files.
This is a great choice for large groups or lifestyle sessions where you want time for posing, candids and creativity.
simply aloha collection: $650
My most popular plan! Simple and easy. One hour of photography and your digital files.
Includes a variety of posed and candid images of your family.
up to 8 people
+$25 each additional person
little bit of aloha collection: $450
Only offered at specific West or South shore locations on Kauai.
30 min of shooting time, all edited images of your family with digital files for personal use.
up to 6 people
aloha outdoor studio sessions: $300
Tropical Garden Setting at my Hanapepe Studio
30 min session includes edited images for digial download.
max 8 people
Add on our legally insured FAA certified ariel photography for a fun island view of your family in their element and surrounded by the beauty kauai has to offer from a view from up above! $200 for an hour $150 for 30min.
*professional archival prints can be purchased thru your online gallery
*neighbor islands add $400 for travel
*session dates are NOT held until 50% of your session is paid as a non-refundable deposit to secure your session date
questions on what to wear to your lifestyle session? click HERE
want to see the products we offer click HERE
please do not hesitate to ask any questions you may have.
i look forward to meeting you & your family!


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August 21 ŌĆō 26, 2017
The better self
Isabella Pasqualini
The demo and realization of the project wouldn't be possible without a talented programmer C├®line Dupuis, who assisted the project realization and a course leader Isabella Pasqualini through the whole week at the Summer School and the contribution of Imverse SA from Lausanne with their 3D reconstruction of a 360┬░ photo in the project.
Imverse SA is a startup, spin-off from EPFL, developing volumetric solutions and providing services for photorealistic mixed reality content creation. The 3D model displayed on this project was created thanks to their service of 3D reconstruction from a single 360┬░ photo.
contemplation and concentration
Concentration is the ability to think carefully about something you are doing and nothing else. Contemplation is profound thinking about something. The learning experience in bauhaus includes both parts.
Louisa Wolf
In proper perspective
My concept evolves about the understanding of the perspective of separation yet the connectivity the residence has with the seminar room, where the learning experience is enhanced through long distinctive glass hallways that lead to the seminar rooms.
Mohamed Sherif
Meaningful repetition
Repetition is a key element of architecture, it creates a sense of comfort, familiarity and lightness. The modules work in one way as individual entities and in a different way together just like knowledge in our brain works by a chain principle and gets stronger as the path is repeated.
Octavian Fedco
Space Speaks. Paper planes play.
Are we listening to our surroundings? Certain elements of our environment are key when it comes to interaction. Following Gibson's affordances theory and with insight from Fred Sandback's installations, the narrative of an educational atmosphere such as┬ĀHans Meyer's Bauhaus building aims to be an experience for the interaction of the better self.
Ana Mombiedro
The way to the dancing light
What would be the feeling to dance in the light? The main concept is to create a space that would make people feel good, cheerful and comfortable. To find better themselves with dancing light.
As you find the rhythm with constellation of light and darkness, combined to make a vibration that would give you the feeling of dancing.
Dardana Sadiku
What would you do first if you were a ghost in a Bauhaus building? Walk through glass or levitate above the place?
The whole idea of this project is to escape your body and play with spaces, lines and points of view the very same way we play with ideas, to create new potentials.
And as a heritage of the Bauhaus theories, changing our perception, turning the space.
Marion De Ruyter
The Bauhaus Reader
Following the steps of an individiuum reading in the Hans Meyer school complex, commemorating the ritual which has been common in the Bauhaus, but is now lost in the general society.
Ahmed Fetahu
The Better Self Team. Bauhaus Bernau,┬Ā┬® 2017
Isabella Pasqualini is an architect (ETHZ, 2000) and scientist with a PhD in architecture and cognitive neuroscience (EPFL, 2012). After studies in Venice, Z├╝rich and Madrid, she has worked for international architecture firms before founding her own design practice in Switzerland in 2004. For her postdoctoral project ŌĆ£Visual Touches ŌĆō┬ĀTouching ViewsŌĆØ at the Center of Neuroprosthetics (EPFL) she obtained the Fellowship grant by the cogito foundation in 2013. She is currently a visiting scientist at the Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience (EPFL). Her works explore the mutual and intimate relationship between body and architecture through immersive multimedia, with a particular interest in a multisensory enhancement of the architectonic horizon. Isabella has published her empirical research studies in scientific media (Frontiers 2013, 2017) and is currently a guest editor for Frontiers in Cognitive Science. In 2016 she presented her research about mood enhancement through architectonic biofeedback at the Venice Biennale. She has been a visiting Professor at the Industrial Design Department of Z├╝rich University of the Arts (ZHdK), at the Art and Design Academy of Tsinghua University in Beijing, as well as a lecturer in the School of Engineering and Architecture at EPFL. Isabella has planned a new City in Angola and built a temporary bank building in Luanda. She has won several international competition prizes and exhibited her work at Swiss and international art venues (City of Rome, City of Helsinki, EPFL south, Beijing Design Week, Beijing Triennale, Shanghai Art, Science & Technology Exhibition, SAST Award, Swiss Art Awards, EAC ŌĆśLes HallesŌĆÖ, Werkschau Architektur 2015).
For more information about Isabella's research, read the article: ŌĆ£SeeingŌĆØ and ŌĆ£feelingŌĆØ architecture: how bodily self-consciousness alters architectonic experience and affects the perception of interiors" here.


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Terms & Conditions
Terms & Conditions
- This quotation is valid for 14 days from the date of issue and is subject to variation without notice.
- You are responsible for the removal of all existing window furnishings and fittings prior to installation. An additional fee will be charged where the installer is required to remove existing furnishings or fittings or any other impediment to installation. Any additional charges are payable prior to installation.
- Due to natural variances all products are subject to colour variation both within and across dye lots. Accordingly, we are unable to guarantee an exact colour match, especially for timber products. You must accept reasonable variation in any finished product.
- All products and supplied goods remain the property of the Avoca Beach Blinds at all times. Title in the goods does not pass to you until payment is received in full (including an additional charges and variations). You explicitly authorise Avoca Beach Blinds (including their employees, agents and nominees) to enter and remain upon your premises to enable the removal of any goods in the event that you fail to make full payment upon installation (or at any time). You indemnify Avoca Beach Blinds against any claim for damage arising from the removal of any goods as a result of your failure to make payment in full. In the event of removal of goods due to non-payment you agree that you shall pay for the costs of removal in addition to the contract price.
- Any guarantees or warranties provided to you (whether in writing, implied or otherwise) are explicitly voided until full payment is made (including any variations and additional charges that may be applicable).
- Avoca Beach Blinds will make every effort to ensure delivery and installation of the product/s with a reasonable time. However, delays may arise from time to time due to factors outside our control. You are obliged to accept delivery of the goods and pay the contract price in circumstances of delay for whatever reason.
- No variation is permitted without the written consent of Avoca Beach Blinds. Avoca Beach Blinds reserves the right to vary the contract price in circumstances of variation an may charge you an administration fee in circumstances of variation and require the payment of an additional deposit or the balance of the contract price prior to implementing any variation.
- Full payment must be made at the time of installation or at an earlier time in the absolute discretion of Avoca Beach Blinds.
- Acceptance of this quote (whether verbally, in writing or otherwise) and/or payment of the deposit signifies that you have read and agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. Once you have accepted the quote and/or paid the deposit we will undertake work and incur costs in compliance with this agreement. Accordingly, you are obliged to accept delivery of the goods and pay the balance of the contract price upon demand once you have accepted this quote and/or paid the deposit.
- You must provide Avoca Beach Blinds with reasonable access to your premises to enable us to meet our obligations under this contract. Failure on your part does not relieve you of your obligation to pay the contract price.
- All window coverings and furnishings are manufactured for "squared" windows only. Avoca Beach Binds accepts no responsibility for windows and/or frames that are out of "square".
- We reserve the right to vary or cancel your order in circumstances where the goods, fabric or other supplies are not available or where we are unable to supply or install the product due to no fault of ours. We further reserve the right to vary or cancel your order in circumstances where you act unreasonably. In the event of cancellation (for whatever reason), you are liable for all reasonable costs and expenses incurred by us prior to the cancellation of your order.
- Technical specification and price are subject to change at any time without notice. Actual specification may vary depending on features, components and availability.
- Avoca Beach Blinds (including its employees, agents and assigns) shall not accept any liability for any loss or damage to you or any other person however arising. You specifically agree to indemnify and keep indemnified Avoca Beach Blinds (including its employees, agents and assigns) from any and all claims, damages, losses and the like howsoever arising.
- This agreement is subject to the laws and exclusive jurisdiction of NSW.


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Mortgage Life Insurance policies are designed to provide funds for the repayment of a residential mortgage in the event of premature death of the person or persons taking out the mortgage. Coverage is available for 15- or 30-year periods.
Mortgage protection insurance, (MPI) also called mortgage payment protection insurance, or MPPI is life insurance that can pay your mortgage if an event, such as death, disability or job loss arises. The cost can depend on many factors such as your current mortgage your age and even your health. For disability MPI, these factors are brought into place as well as your occupation.
If you choose to purchase this protection, you should know where the money goes if you were to pass away. The insurance company will actually send a check directly to your mortgage company, that way your family will be able to have your home, mortgage free. The payments work the same way if your policy pays upon disability or job loss.
The only difference is that this has a time period on it which usually ranges from 1-2 years.
Did you know…Many people confuse MPI with private mortgage insurance, or PMI? You're required by law to get PMI if you put less than 20 percent down to purchase your home. PMI is only for the Bank. MPI is for you and your family.
Our job is to find out your wants and needs and apply it to your lifestyle.
We are experienced with all insurance types and will give you the best price for the best insurance; Guaranteed! Call one of our agents today.


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Transcript informs_presentation_final
OAR Lib: An Open Source Arc Routing Library By Oliver Lum Carmine Cerrone Bruce Golden Edward Wasil 1 OAR Lib (Motivation) Problem: A (perceived) barrier to entry that coding experience in a nonmodeling language is required No centralized, standardized implementations of many routing algorithms Solution: An open-source java library aimed at new operations researchers in the field of arc-routing An architecture for future software development in routing and scheduling Existing APIs are frequently developed with graph theoretic research in mind Design Philosophy: Usability First, Performance Second Realistic test data procurement OSM Integration Figure generation for papers Gephi toolkit (open source graph visualization) Integration 2 OAR Lib (Content) Single-Vehicle Solvers Un/Directed Chinese Postman (UCPP/DCPP) Mixed Chinese Postman (MCPP) Windy Chinese Postman (WPP) Directed Rural Postman Problem (DRPP) Windy Rural Postman Problem (WRPP) Multi-Vehicle Solvers Min-Max K Windy Rural Postman Problem (MM-k WRPP) 3 OAR Lib (Content) Common Algorithms: Single-Source Shortest Paths All-Pairs Shortest Paths Min-Cost Matching (JNI) Min-Cost Flow Hierholzer's Algorithm (Stochastic) Minimum Spanning Tree Minimum Spanning Arborescence (JNI) Connectivity Tests 4 Applications Ubiquitous: Package Delivery Snow Plowing Military Patrols Various interesting wrinkles: Time-Windows Close-Enough Turn Penalties Asymmetric Costs 5 The Min-Max K WRPP A natural extension of the WRPP Objective: Minimize the max route cost Homogenous fleet, K vehicles Asymmetric Traversal Costs Required and unrequired edges Generalization of the directed, undirected, and mixed variants Takes into account route balance, and customer satisfaction 6 The Min-Max K WRPP = Required = Included in route = Untraversed Depot 7 The Min-Max K WRPP Existing Literature: Benavent, Enrique, et al. "Min-Max K-vehicles windy rural postman problem." Networks 54.4 (2009): 216-226. Benavent, Enrique, Angel Corberan, Jose M. Sanchis. "A metaheuristic for the min-max windy rural postman problem with K vehicles." Computational Management Science 7.3 (2010): 269-287. Benavent, Enrique, et al. "A branch-price-and-cut method for the min-max k-windy rural postman problem." Networks (2014, to appear). 8 Existing Algorithm Solve the single-vehicle variant. This produces a solution that can be represented as an ordered list of required edges (where any gaps are traversed via shortest paths). Depot 9 Existing Algorithm Set up a directed, acyclic graph with m+1 vertices, (0,1,…m) where the cost of the arc (i-1,j) is the cost of the tour starting at the depot, going to the tail of edge i, continuing along the single-vehicle solution through edge j, and then returning to the depot. 10 Existing Algorithm Calculate a k-edge narrowest path from v0 to vm in the DAG, corresponding to a solution (a simple modification to Dijkstra's single-source shortest path algorithm suffices). 11 A Partitioning Scheme Transform the graph into a vertex-weighted graph in the following way: Create a vertex for each edge in the original graph Connect two vertices i and j if, in the original graph, edge I and edge j shared an endpoint 4 2 3 1 5 7 6 Depot 12 A Partitioning Scheme Change the vertex weights to account for known deadheading and distance to the depot. Depot 13 A Partitioning Scheme Partition the transformed graph into k approximately equal parts. Depot 14 A Partitioning Scheme Route the subgraphs induced by each partition using a single-vehicle solver. Depot Depot Depot 15 Test Instance: Cross-Section of Helsinki, Finland |V|=1230 |E|=1468 = Required Edge = Unrequired Edge = Depot 16 Existing Approach Route 1 17 Existing Approach Route 2 18 Partitioning Approach 19 Results Instance |V| |E| Partition Obj. Benavent Obj. % Diff San Francisco 705 844 11645 10188 14.3 Washington D.C. 592 663 10742 10649 .87 London, UK 845 994 6116 5866 4.2 Istanbul, TR 629 780 7388 7516 -1.7 Perth, AUS 535 597 7379 6970 5.8 Auckland, AUS 1045 1130 13655 13368 2.1 Helsinki, FI 1230 1468 6640 6866 -2.5 Vienna, AU 483 557 3875 3947 -1.9 Paris, FR 1931 2256 14862 N/A N/A Calgary, CA 1733 2283 22644 N/A N/A 20 Conclusions / Future Work Advantages: Capable of solving large instances Service contiguity – adjacent links are more likely to be serviced by the same vehicle Memory usage – the widest path calculation in the existing algorithm is extremely memory intensive ( order ) Future Work: Incorporate / apply existing improvement procedures to both procedures and compare. Exploring relationship between number of vehicles, and tuning parameters 21 A Large Instance Test Instance: Cross-Section of Greenland |V|=3047 |E|=3285 Runtime: 328.3 s 22 References Ahr, Dino, and Gerhard Reinelt. "New heuristics and lower bounds for the Min-Max k-Chinese PostmanProblem." Algorithms|ESA 2002. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. 64-74. Benavent, Enrique, et al. "New heuristic algorithms for the windy rural postman problem." Computers& operations research 32.12 (2005): 3111-3128. Campos, V., and J. V. Savall. "A computational study of several heuristics for the DRPP." ComputationalOptimization and Applications 4.1 (1995): 67-77. http://community.topcoder.com/tc?module=Static&d1=tutorials&d2= minimumCostFlow2 Edmonds, Jack, and Ellis L. Johnson. "Matching, Euler tours and the Chinese postman." Mathematicalprogramming 5.1 (1973): 88-124. 23 References Eiselt, Horst A., Michel Gendreau, and Gilbert Laporte. "Arc routing problems, part II: The ruralpostman problem." Operations Research 43.3 (1995): 399-414. Derigs, Ulrich. Optimization and operations research. Eolss Publishers Company Limited, 2009. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dijkstra's_algorithm http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floyd\OT1\textendashWarshall_algorithm http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prim%27s_algorithm Dussault, Benjamin, et al. "Plowing with precedence: A variant of the windy postman problem."Computers & Operations Research (2012). Frederickson, Greg N. "Approximation algorithms for some postman problems." Journal of the ACM(JACM) 26.3 (1979): 538-554. 24 References Grotschel, Martin, and Zaw Win. "A cutting plane algorithm for the windy postman problem." Math-ematical Programming 55.1-3 (1992): 339-358. Hierholzer, Carl, and Chr Wiener. "Uber die M•oglichkeit, einen Linienzug ohne Wiederholung und ohneUnterbrechung zu umfahren." Mathematische Annalen 6.1 (1873): 30-32. Karypis, George, and Vipin Kumar. "A fast and high quality multilevel scheme for partitioning irregulargraphs." SIAM Journal on scientic Computing 20.1 (1998): 359-392. Kolmogorov, Vladimir. "Blossom V: a new implementation of a minimum cost perfect matching algo-rithm." Mathematical Programming Computation 1.1 (2009): 43-67. Lau, Hang T. A Java library of graph algorithms and optimization. CRC Press, 2010. Letchford, Adam N., Gerhard Reinelt, and Dirk Oliver Theis. "A faster exact separation algorithm forblossom inequalities." Integer programming and combinatorial optimization. Springer Berlin Heidelberg,2004. 196-205. 25 References Padberg, Manfred W., and M. Ram Rao. "Odd minimum cutsets and b-matchings." Mathematics ofOperations Research 7.1 (1982): 67-80 Thimbleby, Harold. "The directed chinese postman problem." Software: Practice and Experience 33.11(2003): 1081-1096. Win, Zaw. "On the windy postman problem on Eulerian graphs." Mathematical Programming 44.1-3(1989): 97-112. Yaoyuenyong, Kriangchai, Peerayuth Charnsethikul, and Vira Chankong. "A heuristic algorithm for themixed Chinese postman problem." Optimization and Engineering 3.2 (2002): 157-187 26


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'Zombies!' is a crawler, not a runner
There is a sad and painful realization that must be made regarding one of my favorite icons of the horror genre. A statement (inducing a pain in me so great that it creates a want to strike myself in anger at its mere mention) that has become truer now than ever before: Zombies… have become cliché…
In the last five to 10 years, the American pop-culture identity has become inundated with every manner of zombie-related paraphernalia; bridging the entire spectrum from mind-blowingly great: Max Brook's literary masterpieces "World War Z" and "The Zombie Survival Guide," as well as Robert Kirkman's graphic novel "The Walking Dead." There is also the disastrously terrible: Ving Rhames and Nick Cannon's cinematic lobotomy that is the 2008 remake of "Day of the Dead."
This market saturation has caused the creative and sociological potential of the zombie genre to become diluted and plots have become so mundane that George A. Romero himself has succumbed to releasing half-assed tripe (See: 2009's "Survival of the Dead").
Joining the fray is Vintage Publishing's compendium of zombie stories oh so creatively titled "Zombies! Zombies! Zombies!" The collection of stories contains notable submissions from authors including: H.P. Lovecraft, Edgar Allan, Poe, Theodore Sturgeon, Stephen King and Harlan Ellison, while the majority of the works are no more necessary than a rotting, dangling appendage.
Otto Penzler, the collection's editor who's also released similar tomes dedicated to vampires, lizards and adventure stories, most likely stumbled upon the rights to these stories through happenstance and shelled out the necessary finances to secure stories with star power that would draw the reader in.
H.P. Lovecraft's "The Outsider" and Poe's "The Facts in the Case of M. Valdemar" are the standouts from a literary perspective but my personal favorite is Harlan Ellison's unique and adeptly written "The Song the Zombie Sang," the tale of a concert pianist who, years after his death, is artificially resuscitated night after night to perform classical compositions that have lost all meaning to him and all he has left is the wish to finally "slip into the ether."
"Zombies! Zombies! Zombies!" is a good read for anyone who aims to broaden their catalog of zombie literature and if you have a spare hour or two, hit the book store. I wouldn't recommend purchasing the book though ($25 is a big ask for the quality). The undead are rapidly losing their luster and this book is doing little to stifle the onslaught of the mediocrity of pop-culture.
Rating: B-
To contact Sean M. Tolbert, email email@example.com.
To contact Sean Tolbert,
email firstname.lastname@example.com


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ADS Solutions Customer Portal
Customer Portal
ADS Solutions asked us to re-design a secure web portal where their customers could access training videos, product documentation, downloads, etc. This is an SHTML site that is password protected.
Services rendered:
Web Design
Convert HTML to SHTML
Website Hosting
Icon Set
Some Photography
Related Case Studies
Ready to start your project?
In addition to website design and development, we can also help out with general marketing strategies, social media posting, SEO, email campaigns, and more.


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The discipline of sociology is concerned with understanding human social groups and structures. It can include the study of social theory as well as empirical research and data analysis, and thus draws from and contributes to other disciplines such as politics, economics and law.
To write assignments about sociology, the first thing you need to know is the vocabulary. We've analysed high-scoring student assignments to find the words that are used most often. For exercises about vocabulary related to sociology go to this page:
Secondly, and most importantly, you will need to learn how to write certain types of assignments ('genres'). In sociology, you will probably write:
- Critiques, where you evaluate something you've studied from the perspective of your discipline
- Essays, where you make a coherent argument and employ critical thinking skills.
Each of these genres has an individual style you will need to learn. If you're short of time, you can go directly to the pages about these genres, but we recommend you start at the beginning of 'Writing for a Purpose' and work through all of it.
If you read all the materials, you'll be better able to identify what sort of assignment you have to write – your tutor usually won't tell you. Also, not all sociology courses are the same and they might include assignments in different genres from the two typical ones above.
Raj Thavarasa replied on United Arab Emirates
i like to learn more
ghiath abbas replied on Syria
i hope that. and i will try to learn