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Growing up my hopes and dreams were consumed by becoming an Olympian. At the age of seven I decided to follow in my mother's footsteps and devoted my time to becoming the best gymnast I possibly could be. I would spend hours a day in the gymnasium working towards this dream and at age eleven I became Gauteng Champion.
At the time my best friend at school was very into swimming. She had asked me to join the club where she was training so that we would get more time to play together in the afternoons. I agreed and before I knew it I was standing behind the blocks ready to compete in my first race. I won the race and that was the moment I fell absolutely head over heels in love with swimming. My dreams of becoming an Olympian were still the same, but now I knew that above all I wanted to become an Olympic swimmer.
Swimming became my passion. Being on a pool deck just felt right. Devoting all my time and energy to the sport was easy because it was something I loved. The hard hours of training became worth it as I started getting selected for provincial and international teams. My heart was happy as I was well on my way to achieving my ultimate dream.
Life has a strange way of placing different events into your life when you least expect it. On the 9th of April 2004 my whole entire world was turned upside down. From being an up and coming swimming champion, to someone lying flat on their back fighting for their life. It often astonishes me that I almost lost my life while being in the water, yet being in the water is what actually saved me in the bigger picture.
Growing up we were fortunate enough to have to have a holiday home at the Vaal Dam. We would spend most of our weekends there waterskiing. Over the Easter weekend on Good Friday my parents decided to take my brother and I out onto the water for a late afternoon waterski. My dad would always take us out to the quiet areas ensuring that his children were safe from other water users. I jumped into the water, put on my skis and my dad started to tow me behind his boat. After a while I fell off the skis into the water, my mom raised the red flag to alert other water users that there was someone in the water.
My mom's eyes were always tightly secured on us while we were in the water waiting to get picked up. As I floated there in the water she could see another speed boat coming right in my direction. She always says to me that it was like she was watching the situation unfold in slow motion. She screamed to my dad, "Michael, this boat is going to hit Shireen, it is going to hit her!" She can remember praying her heart out that what she thought had just happened, had not. As my parents' boat approached me I was lying with my face down in the water. My mom and my bother jumped into the water and turned me over. My brother always describes that moment as one of those shark attack scenes in JAWS, there was blood everywhere. They swam my body to the side of my dad's boat. He lifted me out of the water while my mom and brother held all the pieces of my body together. I was rushed to shore and immediately airlifted to the Union Hospital in Alberton. My family tells me that as that helicopter took off they weren't sure if they would ever see me again.
That night I received seven pints of blood where an average 13 year old only has eight in their body. I was in theatre for many hours as doctors washed out my wounds trying to clean out the dirty water from the dam. They also had to put my pelvis back together because the propeller of the boat had broken it into nine difference pieces. The doctors working on me found it extremely difficult getting blood flow back into my left leg. They explained to my family that if they couldn't get the blood to flow they would have to amputate my leg because saving my life was more of a priority. By the grace of God, blood started flowing back into my leg and amputation was no longer a concern. The propeller of the boat entered at my navel and left at the clevis on my bum, slicing my body in half.
I spend the next seven months of my life flat on my back in a hospital bed, one of them I spent in a coma. I endured 18 operations and over 76 hours of anaesthetic as doctors put my body back together, piece by piece. Doctors often told me that I survived because swimming had made my lungs so strong. Looking back now, I believe I survived because God had great plans for my life. As a result of my accident I was I was left with many parts of my body that would never function normally again. My quadriceps, my hip flexors, my abdominals and my gluts on the left side of my body are all paralysed because of nerves that were ripped out of my spine. I was told that I would probably never be able to walk or swim properly ever again.
I have always been a firm believer that everything in life happens for a reason. Every day as I lay there in that hospital bed I kept my dream alive. I was determined to prove to myself that I would one day swim like a champion again. All I could think of was getting back into the water.
I spent the next 2 years learning how to walk and swim again with only half of my body functioning properly. Walking was extremely painful but swimming and being in the water gave me the same sense of freedom I had always felt. This sense of freedom always reminded me of my favourite story about the bumble bee, "aerodynamically, the bumble bee should not be able to fly, but the bumble bee doesn't know it, so it goes ahead and flies anyway."
After many hours of practice at the Auckland Park Rehabilitation Centre, I had decided that it was time to get back behind those blocks and back into racing. I had never been more determined to prove to myself and to the rest of the world that despite my setbacks, I would become an Olympian. The beep went off and there I was swimming my first race since my whole entire life had changed. The race was a complete disaster. People I used to beat by miles were now beating me. I was devastated and couldn't believe how far behind I was.
Over the next few weeks my physio at the rehabilitation centre kept asking me if I would be interested in disability swimming. I was so offended because I could not believe she viewed me as someone who was disabled. After months of trying to convince me I finally said that I would give it a shot.
I arrived at Mandeville for their monthly gala for swimmers with disabilities and I was completely blown away. There were so many people with so many different disabilities, yet they could swim freely. I was so inspired but also petrified because my last race did not go as well as I hoped. That day I swam the 50m freestyle and managed to break the South African record while doing it.
Over the next few months I managed to break more and more South African records and before I knew it, I was split seconds away from breaking the world record in the 100m backstroke. As time passed my dream of becoming an Olympian had faded away, I was now determined to become a Paralympian.
In 2008 at the age of 17 my dream became a reality. I was selected to represent South Africa at my very first Paralympic Games in Beijing, China. I had no idea what to expect from the Games, all I knew was that I was going to swim my heart out.
The day of my 100m backstroke had arrived and I was focused and ready, terrified, but ready. My heat was not great but I had managed to secure myself a place in the final that evening. As I sat in the call up room preparing for my final I just remember telling myself that this is the biggest moment in my life. All I needed to do was remain calm and stick to what I had practiced.
I jumped into the water, pulled myself up onto the starting block and waited for the official to set our final off. That evening there were over 22 000 spectators in the crowd. I did not see or hear a single thing; all I could feel was my heart beating in my chest. The beep went off and there I was swimming the biggest race of my life. I kept a good pace and focused on keeping my technique as perfect as possible. Every part of my body started to burn but I was not going to give up, I was going to push my body until there was nothing left. I touched the wall, looked up at the screens above the pool and there I saw it: Shireen Sapiro, Gold medal, NEW WORLD RECORD. I was completely overjoyed and so proud of how far I had come. I could now officially say that I was a proud Paralympian, the Paralympic Champion and South Africa's youngest ever female Olympic/Paralympic gold medalist.
The next 4 years of my life building up to the Games in London 2012 were extremely challenging after my success at the Beijing Paralympics. I had struggled with many shoulder injuries that kept me from training. But, I also persevered and trained as hard as I could which allowed me to qualify for my second Games. At these Games I managed to bring home a bronze medal, which I was also extremely proud of. These Games taught me what it means to work hard to get to where you want to be.
After the London 2012 Paralympic Games I was determined to qualify for my third Paralympics that would take place in Rio in 2016. Even though I was proud of my bronze medal, I wanted my title back. I was prepared to do whatever it would take so that I could once more be the Paralympic Champion. Less than a year into my four-year cycle I started to pick up shoulder injuries again. This time the injuries were more severe and needed to be operated on. I needed two operations on my left shoulder which put me out of action for just over 18 months. I now only had a year and a half to qualify and prepare for the Paralympic Games in Rio.
I found myself in an extremely low point in my life during this time. It was extremely frustrating wanting to train and work towards a dream while I was restricted. Once I was healed and given the go ahead to get back into the water, I realised that I needed to do something drastic if I wanted to make it to Rio. I've always believed that if you don't like where you are in life, you have the power to change it. So I packed up my whole life in Johannesburg and moved to Durban. I swam under the guidance of one of South Africa's top coaches and day-by-day, my swimming stared to improve again. There were so many days where my shoulder would be in excruciating pain and all I wanted to do was give up on this silly dream of competing at three Paralympics. I also found myself wanting to give up because of the fear of not even being able to qualify for the Games. I mean, I had already been to the Paralympics and brought home medals. But, somehow I would always manage to find the strength to show up at the pool for my next practice. My dreams have always been bigger than my fear of failure.
After hours of training and buckets of tears the Rio 2016 Paralympic team had been announced. I had made it. I was officially on the team heading to my third and final Paralympics. I decided that Rio would be my last Games because it was time I started to take care of my injured shoulders. Going into the Rio Games I was always hopeful that I could bring home another medal, but realistically I knew that I had had too many injuries to pull it off. It was extremely heartbreaking for me not being able to bring home a medal, but saying that I was so grateful that I was still good enough to qualify.
Rio was the most humbling experience of my life. I was given the opportunity to represent my country once more on the world's biggest sporting stage as well as the opportunity to bid swimming farewell. My heart's desire was to retire at the Paralympic Games and that's exactly what I did. After my last race in Rio I just floated in the water and hung onto the side of the pool for a moment. Even though I didn't do as well as I wanted to at these Games, my heart was full. I looked up to my family in the stands and waved to them as my soul filled with gratitude that they had been there supporting me from the very beginning.
If I had the chance to turn back the hands of time, I wouldn't change a single thing. I would go through my accident, all the injuries and all the heartache over and over again. Even though there have been many challenges along this path, they have been worth it. I have experienced the most wonderful things and met the most incredible people along the way. I have been able to inspire others to chase their dreams no matter what obstacle life may throw their way, and for that I am so grateful. This sport and this journey have moulded me into a person that I am extremely proud of. It has given me the opportunity to walk confidently into my new chapter in life knowing that whatever I do, I will be successful. Swimming as well as the Paralympics will always hold an extremely special place in my heart, but I am exited to see what the future has in store for me.
As my favourite author Paulo Coelho writes, "if you're brave enough to say goodbye, life will reward you with a new hello."Back to News
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708 F.2d 1235
11 Ed. Law Rep. 831
Redge RANYARD, Plaintiff-Appellant,
BOARD OF REGENTS, Defendant-Appellee.
No. 82-1781.
United States Court of Appeals,
Seventh Circuit.
Argued Dec. 3, 1982.
Decided May 23, 1983.
Cheryl S. Redfield, Springfield, Ill., for plaintiff-appellant.
Mark Sargent, Giffin, Winning, Lindner, Newkirk, Cohen & Bodewes, Springfield, Ill., for defendant-appellee.
Before CUMMINGS, Chief Judge, CUDAHY, Circuit Judge, and TIMBERS, Senior Circuit Judge.*
TIMBERS, Circuit Judge.
Redge Ranyard, formerly a professor at Sangamon State University, Springfield, Illinois, appeals from a judgment entered in the United States District Court for the Central District of Illinois, J. Waldo Ackerman, District Judge, dismissing Ranyard's diversity contract action against the Board of Regents of the State of Illinois (Board).
Ranyard claims that the district court erred in granting the Board's motion for summary judgment and in dismissing the action. The complaint alleged that the Board had breached its contractual obligations to him on two occasions--first, in 1973, in denying him tenure despite the contrary recommendation of the President of Sangamon State University; and, second, in 1976, in denying him certain procedures required by the governing contract in the course of refusing to grant him tenure.1
We hold that Ranyard's contractual claims are without merit and, in the alternative, that the Eleventh Amendment bars actions for damages against the Board of Regents in the federal court. We affirm the judgment dismissing the action, but on the grounds set forth in this opinion.I.
We turn directly to Ranyard's breach of contract claims.2 First, he alleges that the Board of Regents breached its contractual obligation by overruling a recommendation by the President of Sangamon State University in 1973 to grant him tenure. Ranyard does not claim that he ever received a contract guaranteeing him tenure. Nor does he dispute the fact that, according to the Governing Policy of the Regency Universities of the State of Illinois, faculty members in his position, with fewer than four years prior experience, normally would serve a probationary period of seven years before a tenure decision would be reached. Governing Policy, Art. IV, Sec. 5(B). Rather, he points to an accompanying provision in the same Governing Policy which states that "at any time during this [probationary] period the university may offer tenure." In effect, Ranyard argues that the Governing Policy became part of his employment contract and that the Board's failure to grant him tenure, despite the University's "offer", breached his contract. We believe that Ranyard misconceives the nature of the Board of Regents' authority.
Despite the provision in the Governing Policy that the University may "offer" tenure, we think it is clear from reading the document as a whole that the Board retains ultimate control over all faculty appointments. For example, the Governing Policy states elsewhere that:
"The Board of Regents is charged by law with full responsibility for governing the universities. Although the Board properly and necessarily delegates authority to designated officers and agencies, it cannot divest itself of its ultimate legal responsibility. Accordingly, the Board expressly reserves to itself the power to act on its own initiative in all matters affecting the Regency Universities. The Board will not act upon its own initiative, however, in any matter for which these policies require university participation, without first obtaining the advice and recommendations of the presidents...."
Art. V, Sec. 5.
The Governing Policy elsewhere provides that:
"The Board recognizes also that faculty judgment must be utilized in the areas of faculty employment and promotion status (appointment, reappointment, non-reappointment, promotion, the offering of tenure, and dismissal) and those aspects of student life which relate to the educational process. In such areas, however, budgets, manpower limitations or policies of other bodies having jurisdiction over institutional matters may impose limits on the utilization of faculty advice."
Art. IV, Sec. 6.
The University exercises only advisory authority over personnel decisions. If we accept appellant's contention that the Governing Policy became incorporated in his contract, then we must emphasize that the Board of Regents retained virtually complete discretion regarding tenure.
In view of the Board's overarching authority, the isolated phrase relied on by appellant--"at any time during this period the University may offer tenure"--suggests that the University could broach the matter of a faculty member's tenure with the Board of Regents even during a faculty member's probationary period. The term "offer" thus was used in the sense of an early invitation for tenure consideration. The Board of Regents, however, retained the final authority on tenure decisions.
We hold that there is no merit in Ranyard's first breach of contract claim.
We also find Ranyard's second breach of contract claim to be without merit. He asserts that, even if he had no contractual right to tenure, University procedures, approved by the Board of Regents, guaranteed him a fair tenure decision. After deliberations on Ranyard's status in 1976, the University Tenure Decision Committee recommended that Ranyard not be granted tenure. Ranyard objected to the recommendation, claiming that a letter from a colleague attacking his character had unduly influenced the Committee's recommendation.3 Pursuant to University procedures which had been sanctioned by the Board of Regents, Ranyard appealed his claim of denial of due process to the University Hearing Board. The Hearing Board found that inclusion of the letter in the deliberations by the Tenure Decision Committee violated Ranyard's due process rights and recommended that Ranyard be allowed a new hearing before the Tenure Decision Committee.
The University Code, however, limits the Hearing Board to an advisory role:
"On appeal, a decision of the Hearing Board may be affirmed, modified or reversed by the President. In the President's decision due regard must be payed to the correctness of the procedures, the reasonableness of the sanctions, and the interests of the university community."
The President reviewed the decision of the Hearing Board and reversed it. This was within the President's discretion. The Board of Regents supported the President's action.
We hold that there is no merit in Ranyard's second breach of contract claim.
This brings us to the alternative ground for our affirmance of the judgment dismissing the action, namely, the Eleventh Amendment.4
The Eleventh Amendment precludes actions brought in the federal court by citizens against state entities. To determine whether the Eleventh Amendment bar is applicable to this diversity action, we first must inquire whether the Board of Regents can be considered a state entity for Eleventh Amendment purposes.
Although there is no generally accepted test for determining whether a state entity is an arm of the state, the Supreme Court in Quern v. Jordan, 440 U.S. 332, 337 (1979), indicated that the critical inquiry is whether a judgment would be paid from public funds in the state treasury. Among the subsidiary factors to be considered are whether the state entity can sue and be sued, whether it performs an essential governmental function, and whether it enjoys a substantial degree of political independence from the state. Despite the varying concatenation of factors, most state universities have been held to be alter egos of the state and thus immune from suit. E.g., Ronwin v. Shapiro, 657 F.2d 1071, 1073-74 (9th Cir.1981); Skehan v. Board of Trustees of Bloomsburg State College, 590 F.2d 470, 488-91 (3rd Cir.1978), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 832 (1979); Korgich v. Regents of New Mexico School of Mines, 582 F.2d 549, 551-52 (10th Cir.1978); Long v. Richardson, 525 F.2d 74, 75-79 (6th Cir.1975); Vaughn v. Regents of University of California, 504 F.Supp. 1349, 1351-54 (E.D.Cal.1981). But see Goss v. San Jacinto Junior College, 588 F.2d 96, 98-99 (5th Cir.1979); Scott v. University of Delaware, 385 F.Supp. 937, 944 (D.Del.1974).
While few would dispute that stewardship over higher education performs an essential governmental function, Ranyard successfully argued to the magistrate below that the Illinois State Board of Regents had sufficient indicia of independence to be considered distinct from the state. In particular, Ill.Rev.Stat. ch. 144 Sec. 307 (1971) grants the Board power "to sue and be sued, provided that any suit against the Board based upon a claim sounding in tort must be filed in the Court of Claims." That limited autonomy, however, has not sufficed to remove other state agencies from the Eleventh Amendment's protection. E.g., Korgich, supra, 582 F.2d at 551; Vaughn, supra, 504 F.Supp. at 1353.
We believe that the inquiry suggested by Quern is broader. Despite the Board of Regents' capacity to sue and be sued, certain other factors appear persuasive to us in determining its status as an arm of the state. The Board is appointed by the governor and serves at his pleasure. Ill.Rev.Stat. ch. 144 Sec. 302. Cf. Goss, supra, 588 F.2d at 99 n. 5 (members of that board were elected at large from the community). Furthermore, the Board does not control its own budget, but is required to submit requests to the state Board of Education. Ill.Rev.Stat. ch. 144 Sec. 188. Compare Korgich, supra, 582 F.2d at 551 (emphasizing that the school's dependence upon state funding is a crucial factor in Eleventh Amendment analysis) with Goss, supra, 588 F.2d at 99 n. 5 (college was empowered to issue revenue bonds and levy ad valorem taxes). We are satisfied that the Board of Regents is not fiscally independent, and that a monetary judgment assessed against it would have to be paid out of the state's treasury.
We turn next for guidance to constructions by the Illinois state courts of the status of the Board of Regents. The state courts have considered the Board to be an arm of the state for purposes of the Illinois Court of Claims Act. McGuire v. Board of Regents of Northern Illinois University, 71 Ill.App.3d 998, 1000-01, 390 N.E.2d 632, 634 (1979) (construing Williams v. Medical Center Commission, 60 Ill.2d 389, 328 N.E.2d 1 (1975)); Kane v. Board of Governors, 43 Ill.App.3d 315, 318, 356 N.E.2d 1340, 1342 (1976). These cases support the proposition that the Board of Regents is an arm of the state for Eleventh Amendment purposes.
We turn next to the question whether Illinois has waived its Eleventh Amendment immunity. We begin our analysis of waiver with the controlling principle that "[i]n deciding whether a State has waived its constitutional protection under the Eleventh Amendment, we will find waiver only where stated 'by the most express language or by such overwhelming implications from the text as [will] leave no room for any other reasonable construction.' " Edelman v. Jordan, 415 U.S. 651, 673 (1977). Illinois has provided that actions sounding in tort must be filed in the Court of Claims. Limiting tort actions to the Court of Claims, however, has not been construed as a waiver either of sovereign immunity for contract claims, e.g., Liebman v. Board of Governors of State Colleges and Universities, 79 Ill.App.3d 89, 93, 398 N.E.2d 305, 308 (1979); McGuire, supra, 71 Ill.App.3d at 1000, 390 N.E.2d at 634-35, or, more importantly for our purposes, of Eleventh Amendment immunity. McDonald v. Illinois, 557 F.2d 596, 600-01 (7th Cir.), cert. denied, 434 U.S. 966 (1977); Williamson Towing Co. v. Illinois, 534 F.2d 758, 759-60 (7th Cir.1976).
Accordingly, since Illinois has not consented to be sued in the federal court and since Ranyard's breach of contract claims lack merit, we affirm the judgment dismissing the action.5
AFFIRMED, but on the grounds set forth in this opinion.
CUDAHY, Circuit Judge, with whom CUMMINGS, Chief Judge, joins, concurring.
I agree that Ranyard's contractual claims are without merit. I write separately because I am not persuaded that we should, or can, conclude that the eleventh amendment bars actions in federal court for damages against the Board of Regents.
Other courts that have considered the eleventh amendment immunity of state colleges and universities have stressed the need for careful appraisal of the relationship between the state and the institution being sued.1 In the instant case, the eleventh amendment issue was neither ruled upon by the district court nor briefed by either party on appeal, and as a result I do not believe we have before us all that we should have to decide the issue.2 Thus, I would affirm the judgment based on the magistrate's summary judgment on the merits and leave it to future litigants to establish the Board's immunity, or lack thereof.
Hon. William H. Timbers, Senior Circuit Judge for the Second Circuit, sitting by designation
Ranyard on July 8, 1977 originally commenced an action in the Circuit Court for the Seventh Judicial Circuit, Sangamon County, Illinois, in which he asserted the same breach of contract claims as are asserted in the instant action. The circuit court entered a judgment on October 21, 1977, dismissing the complaint for lack of jurisdiction with prejudice, since Ill.Rev.Stat. ch. 144 Sec. 307 (1981) implicitly provides that damage claims against the Board of Regents can be asserted only in the Illinois Court of Claims. Ranyard filed a notice of appeal to the Appellate Court of Illinois, but subsequently filed a motion to dismiss his own appeal. The motion was granted
Ranyard commenced the instant action on May 8, 1979, alleging the same two claims that he had asserted in the state court. The district court referred the case to a magistrate. After a hearing, the magistrate recommended granting summary judgment in favor of the Board of Regents on the ground that it had not breached any contractual obligation owed to plaintiff. The district court accepted the magistrate's recommendation, but also held that the state court's determination that jurisdiction was vested exclusively in the Illinois Court of Claims was binding on the federal court as res judicata. From the judgment entered in the district court dismissing his action, Ranyard has taken the instant appeal.
We need not tarry over the res judicata ground for dismissal of the action which was interjected by the district court (although not recommended by the magistrate) as an alternative ground for dismissal. The Circuit Court for Sangamon County had dismissed the action for lack of jurisdiction on the ground that claims for damages could be asserted against the Board of Regents only in the Illinois Court of Claims. This was not a judgment on the merits and is not res judicata with respect to the instant action subsequently commenced in the federal court. See International Philanthropic Hospital Foundation v. United States, 621 F.2d 402, 403-04 (Ct.Cl.1980); Madden v. Perry, 264 F.2d 169, 174-75 (7th Cir.), cert. denied, 360 U.S. 931 (1959)
This letter prompted Ranyard to commence a libel action against his colleague. Ranyard subsequently discontinued the action
While appellee's Eleventh Amendment defense was not ruled upon by the district court below and was not briefed by either party in our Court, it was squarely raised in the motions for summary judgment before the magistrate. (E.g., A-44, A-49). Moreover, it is of fundamental importance in any action in the federal court against a state entity
My colleagues, in their separate concurring opinion, find it unnecessary to reach the Eleventh Amendment issue. I respectfully disagree. In my view, our Court not only should reach that issue but indeed we are under a duty to do so. I wish to state briefly why
While an Eleventh Amendment issue differs from other questions of subject matter jurisdiction in that it can be waived, Parden v. Terminal Ry., 377 U.S. 184, 192-93 (1964), it nonetheless remains a jurisdictional limitation on the power of a federal court. For example, in Ford Motor Co. v. Department of Treasury, 323 U.S. 459, 464-67 (1945), the Supreme Court stated:
"This express constitutional limitation denies to the federal courts authority to entertain a suit brought by private parties against a state without its consent....
... The Eleventh Amendment declares a policy and sets forth an explicit limitation on federal judicial power of such compelling force that this Court will consider the issue arising under this Amendment in this case even though urged for the first time in this Court."
More recently, in Edelman v. Jordan, 415 U.S. 651, 678 (1977), the Court reiterated that "the Eleventh Amendment defense sufficiently partakes of the nature of a jurisdictional bar so that it need not be raised in trial court." See also Patsy v. Board of Regents, 457 U.S. 496, 515-16 n. 19 (1982).
In the instant case, there certainly was no waiver of the Eleventh Amendment defense, and I do not understand my colleagues to suggest otherwise. The record is laced with the Eleventh Amendment claim in the district court, and counsel for appellee specifically claimed it during oral argument in our Court. The fact that the district judge either ignored or overlooked this fundamental limitation on the power of a federal court--a limitation imposed by the Constitution of the United States--does not relieve us of the necessity of reaching the Eleventh Amendment issue. Edelman v. Jordan, supra; Ford Motor Co. v. Department of Treasury, supra; McDonald v. State of Illinois, supra, 557 F.2d at 601; cf. Patsy v. Board of Regents, supra. In Patsy the Board of Regents' insistence during oral argument that the Court not reach the merits of the Eleventh Amendment claim obviated the Court's need to address that issue in view of the particular posture of the case.
E.g., Soni v. Board of Trustees of the University of Tennessee, 513 F.2d 347, 352 (6th Cir.1975) (cases holding other state colleges and universities to be state instrumentalities for eleventh amendment purposes "of course, [do] not control the present case. Each state university exists in a unique governmental context, and each must be considered on the basis of its own peculiar circumstances."), cert. denied, 426 U.S. 919, 96 S.Ct. 2623, 49 L.Ed.2d 372 (1976); Vaughn v. Regents of the University of California, 504 F.Supp. 1349, 1353 (E.D.Cal.1981) (same); Jacobs v. College of William and Mary, 495 F.Supp. 183, 189 (E.D.Va.1980) (same), aff'd, 661 F.2d 922 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 1033, 102 S.Ct. 572, 70 L.Ed.2d 477 (1981)
Compare Vaughn, 504 F.Supp. at 1353-54; Gordenstein v. University of Delaware, 381 F.Supp. 718, 721-23 (D.Del.1974)

subset: commoncrawl


text:
735 Eyremount Drive, West Vancouver Listing #: R2425978
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Taxes (2019): $36,489.02
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text:
A Lime Scale Remover Can Save You Time and Money
If you have hard water, you've probably experienced limescale. If you haven't, consider yourself lucky. Chances are your luck will run out eventually. You'll start noticing chalky, whitish deposits on your shower head, sink, and kettles. This is limescale. If you see it in your bathtub or teapot, it is probably in your water heater as well. If you have a hot-water heating system, it is probably affected by the deposits as well.
Limescale is a result of the calcium and magnesium suspended in hard water. Water picks up these ions naturally. When the water evaporates, it leaves behind the calcium and magnesium. These ions adhere to whatever they come in contact with. In this case, that would be your appliances. The buildups reduce the diameter of your pipes, cause obstructions, and attract pathogens. Because the ions are so adhesive, they are incredibly difficult to clean as well.
Sometimes, limescale isn't off-white. Sometimes it is colored because it contains trace amounts of iron. These trace amounts of iron will quickly start to rust. If they are on any other iron-containing metal, that rust will start to spread, jeopardizing that appliance.
You can try a chemical lime scale remover, but they are dangerous and exhausting. With a chemical product, you are usually instructed to apply it to the affected area then wait a while. After waiting, you don your rubber gloves and start scrubbing. If this is even effective, it will take quite a lot of time and effort. Not to mention, the chemicals are usually not safe to be inhaled.
Also, a chemical approach might work on the sink or the teapot, but what about the inside of the pipes? What about the inside of the water heater? Obviously, you can't run dangerous chemicals through your water supply. What option do you have? The only option is to soften the water.
Water Softener
If you effectively soften the water, the calcium ions are reshaped to be no longer adhesive. This frees up space, so to speak, in your water. That means your water will start to dissolve the calcium deposits left behind when your water was hard. You can reduce your problem without scrubbing and without a chemical lime scale remover.
Limescale can be removed with chemicals or with plain scrubbing, but that is incredibly tiring. Sometimes, it is even dangerous. Most importantly, though, limescale is a symptom of a bigger problem: hard water. If you want to treat and prevent buildup from occurring, you have to soften your water. The best way to do that is with an electronic system that reshapes the calcium ions, so they are no longer adhesive. Once they're no longer sticky, they won't build up on your appliances.


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Halloween Magic is a tagger size scrap kit inspired by the beautiful
artwork of Katerina Koukiotis. This kit can be purchased at any of my stores. It can be purchased from PSP Tube Stop with the tube for an amazing deal...or without the tube as well. This kit has 80 fun wonderful elements and 16 coordinating papers for your spooky/magical holiday projects.
Not all elements are shown:
7 frames, 2 witch hats, 2 pumpkins, hourglass, 3 spider webs, 5 flowers, candle, rake, 3 buttons, fence, 3 bone dangles, 2 ghosts, 7 ribbons, stick pin, 3 leafs, 4 trees, 2 bats, moon, 2 glitter sprays, cloud, grass stool, 2 ladders, 2 Halloween dusts, birdbath with skull, 2 eyeballs, spider, 6 bows, 2 butterflies, candelabra, skull, chicken wire, Candy corn, color dots, haunted house, 2 color sticks, gold and gem line.
Tutorials below are linked:
This adorable tutorial was written by Annie of Dolphin's Den
Come Hallow's Even by Rita of LadyAries Creations
This "Boo-Tiful" tag was created by Lee of Lee's Creations.
This fabulous tag, "Halloween Magic" was created by Manuela of Black4Roses
Another beautiful tutorial, "Who is Boo-tiful" by Rose of Rose's Tuts, Tags, and More
This gorgeous tutorial, "Boo-tiful!" was also created by Rose of Roses's Tuts, Tags & More


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Salary for Short Order Cooks
Also known as:
Recruiter.com helps hospitality and tourism professionals find better paying jobs across all specialties and locations.
Master the art of closing deals and making placements. Take our Recruiter Certification Program today. We're SHRM certified. Learn at your own pace during this 12-week program. Access over 20 courses. Great for those who want to break into recruiting, or recruiters who want to further their career.
SEE MORE SALARIES FOR HOSPITALITY AND TOURISM PROFESSIONALSCooks working in a short order environment are expected to grill, cook and fry diner-type foods in a short period of time and deliver to customers at a counter or table. They must have extensive knowledge of general food preparation techniques and tools used to create items such as sandwiches, hamburgers, pancakes, French fries and eggs. In addition, they are expected to clean and sanitize kitchen and dining areas to meet safety and health standards. They have superior time management skills and communicate effectively with kitchen staff and customers alike. A high school diploma and on-the-job training are required for employment in this professional post.
A Short Order Cook usually receives a pay level of somewhere between 16000 - 24000 depending on seniority. Cooks, Short Order can get a compensation of Twenty One Thousand One Hundred dollars each year.
Cooks, Short Order can get the highest pay in the District of Columbia, where they can get average pay scales of close to about $27450. Employees with these jobs are compensated most highly in Information, where they can get compensation, on average, of $29010.
Are you an aspiring short order cook? Want a new opportunity where you can earn a higher salary? Create your free short order cook job alert today and take control of your future.The national wage distribution is shown below. To overlay local salaries for a Short Order Cook, please select your state.
Recruiter makes it easy to find out about new jobs for short order cooks. Create your job alert and learn about new openings in your area.
The annual compensation for this career has gone up since 2004. Salaries have increased by an average of 19.44 percent nationwide in that time.
Short Order Cooks tend to make the most in the following industries
|Transportation and Warehousing
|Administrative, Support and Waste Management Services
|Educational Services
|Public Administration
|Health Care and Social Assistance
In general, they earn less within the industries below
|Other Services (except Public Administration)
|Wholesale Trade
|Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation
|Accommodation and Food Services
|Retail Trade


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Though last November's elections brought on a tsunami of marijuana legalization, new data from the Drug Enforcement Administration shows that the agency actually increased its cannabis seizures by 20% in 2016.
According to the DEA's annual Domestic Cannabis Eradication/Suppression Statistical Report, the agency confiscated 5.3 million plants last year, the most in any year since 2011. 93% of these came from outdoor grow operations.
Asset forfeitures claimed by the government during cannabis investigations also rose a whopping 75% in 2016 to $51,937,207.01, from $29,705,902.43 the previous year.
Most of this seizing went down in California, according to a blog post by As NORML Deputy Director Paul Armanto. 3.77 million plants were seized in the state, composing 71% of all plants seized nationwide. This also marks a major bump over the 2.64 million plants seized in the Golden State last year.
Keep in mind this huge spike in cannabis seizures came in 2016, before Donald Trump's administration entered the White House and Jeff "Good People Don't Smoke Marijuana" Sessions took over the Justice Department.
This 20% overall increase in marijuana seizures came under President Barack Obama and under the guidelines of the Cole Memorandum, which expressly told the DEA not to spend money or resources on state-licensed cannabis operations.
The Domestic Cannabis Eradication/Suppression Program has come under fire before. In 2014, the effort took an annual budget of $18 million, though lawmakers that year co-authored a letter contending that the program should be partially defunded on the basis that "historical data indicates that the vast majority of plants seized under this program are wild plants descendant from industrial hemp."
In other words, most of the plants seized were actually ditchweed. "They are not intentionally grown, and they are not suitable for recreational or medical use," the letter read. "Therefore, the seizure of these plants has served neither an economic nor public-safety nor a health-related purpose. Its sole impact has been to expend limited federal resources that are better spent elsewhere."
Despite that assertion, the DCES actually ramped up its efforts two consecutive years, ratcheting up from seizing only 4.3 million plants in 2014. The program also implemented an effort that same year to give local police military training to bust cannabis growers.
Photo by Flickr user Martjin


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While companies like Samsung and Huawei are making devices with foldable displays, Microsoft is taking a different approach by launching a device in the form of the Surface Duo. The handset was actually announced last year and if you're interested in seeing what Microsoft has to offer, you won't have to wait much longer.
The concept of ARM-based computers isn't new, and in fact, other companies have attempted this in the past. Microsoft is one of those companies where they launched the Surface Pro X back in 2019. However, it seems that despite it being a newer device, it appears that Geekbench listings have revealed that Apple's Mac Mini powered by the A12Z Bionic chipset has managed to outperform it.
Microsoft's Surface Pro lineup has been very well received so far and it appears that the company is looking to kick things up a notch next year with the Surface Pro 6. According to a new report, Microsoft is going to launch a "heavily redesigned" Surface Pro 6 in 2019, assuming that's what the next product in this lineup will end up being called.
Microsoft has seen considerable success with its Windows-powered Surface tablets but it would be a stretch to say that the models it has released so far have been affordably priced. That might change in the future if a new report is to be believed as Microsoft is reportedly developing a budget lineup of Surface tablets to compete with low-cost iPad options from Apple.
The lack of USB Type-C ports on the Surface Pro and Surface Laptop irked many customers who picked up these devices and Microsoft confirmed back then that it would release a Surface USB-C dongle to address the matter. The company hasn't released one as yet but it wants customers to know that it hasn't forgotten about it. Microsoft says that it's going to release the USB-C dongle later this year.
Microsoft finally started selling the much-awaited Surface Pro with LTE in December last year, however, it only opened up sales for business customers initially. The company has now decided to allow consumers to purchase the Surface Pro with LTE. Starting today, those who want to pick one up can head over to Microsoft's online store and place a pre-order for this device.
When devices run hot, it can affect performance and how certain things function. For example if you've ever experienced a computer, laptop, or mobile device that is overheating, you might notice how its performance might suffer, where suddenly everything seems to be running slow, apps are stuttering, and so on.
It was confirmed a couple of months ago that Microsoft is going to launch the Surface Pro with LTE in December. The company announced the launch formally recently but it also mentioned that the December 1st release date was for enterprise customers. Businesses could order the device through a partner retail website while consumers had to wait until 2018. The Surface Pro with LTE wasn't available through the general Microsoft […]
The Surface Pro with LTE was launched earlier this year. Microsoft didn't say back then when this version of the Surface Pro would be released, it only mentioned that it would be out before the end of this year. Microsoft has kept mum on the availability details for this product since then but today it has finally confirmed when customers will be able to purchase the Surface Pro with LTE.
Microsoft didn't really confirm when it's going to release the LTE Surface Pro. As one can imagine, there are a lot of customers that are waiting for the LTE-enabled version of this device to arrive. It was recently reported that the LTE Surface Pro release will finally take place on December 1st. According to a new report, that might not happen now before 2018.
There has been a lot of speculation about the LTE Surface Pro. Many have been waiting on Microsoft to confirm when it's going to launch the LTE-enabled version of this product. There's finally more information about this. It was confirmed during its Ignite 2017 conference that the LTE Surface Pro is going to be released on December 1st.
Some users of Microsoft's new Surface Pro have been complaining about a hibernation issue with their new device. Microsoft has now released a fix for the hibernation issue. A new firmware update has been released by Microsoft which takes care of the hibernation and sleep issue that owners of its new Surface Pro devices have reported.
While tablets existed before the iPad, it is safe to say that it was only with the iPad that tablets truly became a popular choice amongst the consumer market, whereas in the past tablets were mostly seen as devices used by industry professionals for specific tasks. Many companies have since followed suit with their own tablets, such as Microsoft.
Microsoft recently unveiled new hardware products that include the Surface Laptop and Surface Pro. Interested customers outside the United States would have been waiting for the opportunity to get their hands on the new machines. They can finally do that starting today as Microsoft has announced the worldwide release of the Surface Laptop and Surface Pro.


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Morgan Taylor
Morgan Taylor Nail Salon Polishes (Nail Lacquer)Experience The Morgan Taylor Brand. Morgan Taylor®, the NEW standard in Professional Nail Lacquer, the crème de la crème of nail colour, developed by professionals for you. Danny Haile and David Daniel's history began in the nail industry, rooted early on as nail technicians. Over the course of 30 years, Haile and Daniel have innovated the professional nail market. Now, they have once again transformed the nail industry with lacquer that is specially formulated for you…the nail professional. You can see this at work in Morgan Taylor's select ingredients and innovative bottle — each thoughtfully developed for optimum style and performance.
Morgan Taylor's unique spectrum was designed to remove all barriers to colour expression. Our creative palette knows no bounds, ranging from the classical to avant-garde, and from subtle to unconditionally spectacular.
We invite you to experience the Morgan Taylor brand. Embrace the colours. Become a part of our world.
All pigments are saturated, pure and finely milled for luminous metallics, shimmers, crèmes, sheens and glitters. The payoff – smooth, even, long lasting colour with a gorgeous professional finish.
Morgan Taylor also offer a range of care products which provide the right tools necessary to complete any nail look. The range comprises of Stick With It a long-wearing basecoat, Go Ahead and Grow a healthy base support for weak and damaged nails, Need for Speed a faster than fast dry top coat, Make It Last a long-wearing top coat and Mattes A Wrap a chip resistant matte top coat.


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At Lace Hill Academy, the children are taught by specialist sports coaches from S4A Sports. Children in each year group have two PE sessions a week where they develop their skills.
What does PE include?
The children learn through a range of activities to suit all abilities including:
- Net and Wall Games
- Invasion Games
- Gymnastics
- Dance
- Striking and Fielding
- Athletics
- Multi-Skills sports
- Swimming
What does our curriculum aim to do?
Our high-quality physical education curriculum inspires all pupils to succeed and excel in competitive sport and other physically-demanding activities. We aim to provide opportunities for pupils to become physically confident in a way which supports their health and fitness. We also promote values such as fairness and respect through sporting opportunities.
The national curriculum for physical education aims to ensure that all pupils:
- develop competence to excel in a broad range of physical activities
- are physically active for sustained periods of time
- engage in competitive sports and activities
- lead healthy, active lives.
How are your child's skills assessed?
Our sports coaches will be assessing your child's skills progression against the national curriculum expectations for each key stage.
Children at Lace Hill Academy love their PE lessons and show a high level of engagement and progress within their lessons. They also have the opportunity at lunchtime to participate in structured sports activities, led by the S4A Sports coaches. As we continue to develop our school, we are looking to create more inter-school competitions. Many children from key stage 1 and 2 have attended local sports festival tournaments and we aim to increase these sporting opportunities for the children as the school continues to grow.


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We go beyond the dress. Outfit your entire wedding party at The Henry's. We take care of measurements and even track which members of your wedding party have visited us to reserve their outfit.
The Benefits of Working with The Henry's
Explore brands we carry and learn more about the bridal experience at The Henry's.Learn More
Buy your dress from The Henry's and get 10% off bridesmaids dresses & tuxedos!Learn More
Whether you're the mother of the bride or groom, we've got the perfect outfit for you!Learn More
Flower Girls
We've got the perfect dress for the petal-throwing little one in your party!Learn More
Men & Boys
Purchase your gown at The Henry's & your wedding party will get 10% off suit rentals–plus when your party rents five tuxedos, the sixth one is free!Learn More
Be the First to Know
Stay up to date on the latest news, sales, events, and announcements from The Henry's Bridal Boutique & Formal Wear.


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Tagged: Murder At Midnight
Murder At Midnight
Last week, Mrs. Huiet put Boey, Than, Leo and I into a book club. We got to choose a book from a selection that Mrs. Huiet provided. We chose the book Murder At Midnight because the cover painting was really cool.
Mrs. Huiet told us to read four chapters and predict, interact with the text, which means jot down notes about things that you want to share with the group, and summarize at the end. The book's main characters are Fabrizio, Maria Zeanzi, Prince Cosimo, Count Scarazoni and Master Mangus. King Claudio, Magistrato DeLaBina and Mistress Sophia are also important characters. I really liked the book and it showed what people would do for their own gain. It was very shocking and carefully written, so I really loved the book.
Here are my summaries for chapters 1-4, chapters 5-8 and chapters 9-12:
Chapters 1-4
After reading the first 4 chapters of the book, I think this book will be a very good book. I really like the way the writer writes realistically, instead of having real magic. I also like how the text font changes when someone is thinking and at the beggining of the paragraph.
In the first 4 chapters, a boy name Fabrizio is introduced. He is an orphan and is working as a servant in a magician's household. The magician doesn't like him, though his wife does. When his wife, mistress Sophia leaves to care for her sick sister, Fabrizio takes her place collecting coins at Master Magnus, the magician's show. Where Magnus reveals that magic is fake. The next day, a prosecutor named DeLaBina comes and accuses Magnus of duplicating a message to overthrow the king. And Fabrizio says that Magnus does do magic, even when Magnus denies. And Magnus is tasked to find the man behind the note or will die.
Chapters 5-8
In these four chapters, Fabrizio is sent out to collect the papers, but DeLaBina has him taken to the court house and frames him of giving the papers to people. In the court house, the king, Count Scarazoni and Prince Cosimo don't give him the chance to speak and Prince Cosimo orders the guards to execute Fabrizio.
Chapters 9-12
In these four chapters, Fabrizio escapes from the executioner Agrippa by pretending to read a message from the king and telling Agrippa to spare him. On his way out of the Hall of Justice, Fabrizio enters a cell in hopes to find a prisoner who can help him get out, but instead gets him trapped in the cell. In the meantime, DeLaBina enters the cell and it is revealed that DeLaBina wants Mangus to say that it is Count Scarazoni who ordered Mangus to create the papers.
Here is a picture of the book:


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ALSBOM.tv is the online video resource of the Alabama Baptist State Board of Missions (SBOM) located in Montgomery, AL.
Videos from recent events, training videos, and promotional videos are all available here and free of charge to view and/or download thanks to the generous gifts of Alabama Baptist churches through the Cooperative program.
If you have any questions about this resource, please contact SBOM Web and Social Media Strategist, Brian Harris ([email protected]).


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Today I rediscovered an awesome work out.
Hello buff arms thanks to knee boarding. 😉 I always forget how tiring water sports are… I LOVE IT!
Water sports weren't my only exercise of the day though, my Sister and I started the morning with my lakeside boot camp work out.
Here's how it worked:
- 10 suicides up and down the hill
- 30 Butt Kicks
- 30 Jump Ropes
- 30 High Knees
- 30 Jumping Jacks
- 30 Criss Crosses
- 50 Crunches
- 10 Push ups
- Repeat the circuit 5 times
My Mom & Aunt started the bootcamp with us but only made it through three rounds until they called it quits. I give major props for them for trying though.
After the boot camp I did two sets of walking lunges across the yard, various core work and then cooled down with some yoga to stretch everything out. We also took the doggies for a morning walk.
I was super excited for the Whole Wheat Pancakes my Dad prepared for breakfast.
I topped the pancakes with Plain Non-Fat Yogurt, Strawberries & Blueberries.
After breakfast it was boat time!
We had fun taking turns making fools of ourselves behind the boat.
When we were little we used to take a boat out and go knee boarding every summer. We used to kick butt doing 360s, jump, double teaming, but now I felt lucky just to be able to get up.
Trust me there were a lot of wipe outs!
Kelly was the star of the morning with her Wake Boarding and Water Sking Skills.
My breakfast didn't really feel be up so I had a Peanut Butter Chocolate Chip Odwalla Bar on the boat.
We pulled back up to the cabin for a quick lunch around noon.
I had a Grilled Cheese, Spinach & Tomato Sandwich with Cauliflower, Chips & Salsa.
The sammie really hit the spot. 🙂
Of course after lunch there was more boat action.
Who knew Kelly knows how to drive a boat?
After my turn I had an orange slice.
The weather started to turn cloudy so we called it quits for the day. I was looking forward to a nice cold Apple to crunch on.
I had wonderful plans to take full advantage of the beautiful deck for the remainder of this afternoon with a good book. Have I said how much I love vacations yet?


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Winter Week 1 Power Rankings
- Roys Asian Cowboys. went 2-0 with a 24 point differential. Defending Champs...got to beat them to well....beat them
- We like TDs- blowout win in week 1. highlight was Ashley's deflection pick-9
- Griswalds- lost on the last play to #1. May be trouble
- Turn your head and Coughlin- The game was closer than the score indicates
- The Naughty list- some new faces, will learn to use the supremely athletic twins, and will be almost unstoppable once they do
- Peyton on a sunday morning- lost two, but are DRAMATICALLY improved.
- Shockoe- didnt play week 1
- Dynasty- didnt play week 1
- Richmond Graves- Didnt play week 1
Coed Player of the week: Ashley Irby, We like TDs, with the deflection pick 9
- Mayhem: two blowout wins, defense was unreal
- Go Gettas: cant argue with 24-0
- Chester Cavs: anyone who watched the game was very impressed with the new look Cavs
- Southside Rebelz: won by 20
- 3 chopt: went 1-1 on the day, hope their guy with the knee injury is ok
- Misfits: got blown out, but was dramatically short handed
- Officially Lit: onlyhad half of their players last week, will be better
- The Outsiders: didnt play week 1
- The Rebellion: didnt play week 1


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For over 50 years, hostettler ag has been responsible for the import and distribution of Yamaha motorcycles and scooters into Switzerland. In our 'fashion & parts' business unit, the pneuservice 2-Rad is responsible for the import of Pirelli and Metzeler products, as well as for the wholesale distribution of various other international brands of tire.
In addition, hostettler ag also sells a comprehensive range of clothing, helmets and accessories for motorcycle enthusiasts through Motochic, including our own iXS brand and many other premium brands.


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- Virginia - Devils Backbone Czech 10
- Rest of US - Sierra Nevada Nooner
- Rest of World - Rothaus Tannenzäpfle
- Honorable mentions - Pilsner Urquell, Three Notch'd The Ghost, New Belgium Dayblazer, Black Sheep Ale
Admit it, you're shocked that my three choices here are all pilsners. If you are then clearly you haven't been paying enough attention. Anyway, all three are wonderful versions of my favourite pale lager style, all crisp, clean, painfully easy to drink, and so beautifully made it makes you wonder why people bother with dumping random shit in the fermenter. Choosing just one is tricky, but when it comes down to it, having a desítka in Virginia puts DB's lovely Czech 10 ahead by a short nose.
- Virginia - Port City Oktoberfest
- Rest of US - Olde Mecklenburg Copper
- Rest of World - Minipivovar U Medvídků Oldgott Barrique
- Honorable mentions - Schlenkerla Märzen, Fullers 1845, O'Hara's Irish Red, Three Notch'd Hydraulion
Whenever Mrs V and I, and I guess from here on in for a few years, the twins as well, head to South Carolina I always make a point of getting some Copper from Olde Mecklenburg Brewing in Charlotte, NC. Copper is an altbier that unlike many that claim to be of that style over here isn't made with caramel malts in place of the traditional Munich malts. It is as close a genuine altbier as you will find brewed in the US, and I love the stuff.
- Virginia - South Street Brewing Munich Dunkel
- Rest of US - Anchor Brewing Porter
- Rest of World - Riegele Noctus 100
- Honorable mentions - Sierra Nevada Porter, Sierra Nevada Stout, Guinness 200th Anniversary Export Stout, Three Notch'd Oats McGoats, Sv. Norbert Dark Lager
While in Columbia for Thanksgiving, I stocked up on beers that I rarely, if ever, see here in Virginia and it is one of those that walks off with the title of Fuggled dark beer of the year. Anchor Porter is a beer I had heard much about but never actually seen in the wild. When I popped open a bottle to go with my dinner one evening I was blown away with just how complex and beautifully made it was, especially given it's comparatively lightweight 5.6% abv - one I will be stocking up on whenever I am in SC for sure.
Fuggled Beer of the Year
Of my three category beers of the year, the one that walks away with the overall Fuggled Beer of the Year will come as absolutely no surprise to anyone that knows me. I will quite openly admit to the fact that I enjoy drinking beer, I am not much of one for visiting breweries and sampling their wares before moving on to another brewery and repeating the experience. If I do flights it is to find what I want to drink for the rest of my session. When I found out that my friends down at Devils Backbone were making a 10° Czech style pale lager I was excited to try it, and it was simply one of the best examples of the style I have ever drunk, up there with the likes of Kout na Šumavě and Zlatá labuť. Being able to sit in the Devils Backbone brewpub with friends, enjoying superb food, and the perfect desítka to wash it all down with, was sublime. Well done Devils Backbone, the Fuggled Beer of the Year is Czech 10, please make it again!!
- Virginia - Three Notch'd Brewing
- Rest of US - Sierra Nevada Brewing
- Rest of World - Guinness
- Honorable mentions - Devils Backbone, AleWerks, Fullers, Olde Mecklenburg Brewing,


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I now have more confidence in my ability to enter into potential conflicts without mucking it up!
Get to the heart of what matters most.
As two women desiring to contribute to life in a positive and life-serving way, we began our business in 2005 to promote a more peaceful and empathetic world. Our first product, GROK games, was translated into other languages and has been shipped to over 25 countries around the world. We were so inspired developing this product that we continue to create more materials to enhance emotional intelligence, cultivate compassion, and promote peace.
We invite you to browse our website, check out our games, products, books, and workshops; and enjoy our videos. Please write us an email and share your insights and experiences.
Grok on!
Jean Morrison & Christine King
*In Robert Heinlein's science-fiction novel Stranger in a Strange Land, the word 'grok' is Martian and literally means "to drink" but metaphorically means "to take it all in," to understand fully, or to "be at one with."


text: I've had my 29 gallon dirt tank stocked for a week now and I've lost 4 glow light tetra with no sign of a cause. I'm running 2 AC30s while I wait for my xp3 to come with a fishless cycle so ammonia and nitrites are 0 and nitrates are less then 10. My first thought was an ammonia spike when I found 2 dead at the same time but the others have come a 2 days apart. I'm in the middle of doing a large water change before I dose with PraziPro but haven't seen anything that makes me think it would a worm. The fish seem to be fine when I turn off the light then in the morning I find one dead in the filter uptake. Any ideas what could be the cause or is shock from the move killing the weaker fish?


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Giant Bombstep is super-retarded
By Hamst3r 281 Comments
Right off the bat, gotta thank Connorbevans for getting this idea into my head with his remix. Also, gotta thank the GB peeps who continually post awesome in the Staff photo photoshop thread from which I plucked many an image for use in this silly video.
I hope you guys like the stupid. I pulled an all-nighter to do this. :P
MP3: THA - Bombstep.mp3
EDIT: Here are the GB staff cartoons used in the video: THA-gbcartoons.zip


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No US company has EPA approval to sell neem products labeled to repel mosquitoes or gnats. Our gel is made with a neem leaf extract and aloe vera base (to soothe bites you already have!), wild-crafted neem oil, citronella and geraniol. Your satisfaction is 100% guaranteed, if you don't think it works, we'll refund the cost of the product. 4 oz.
INGREDIENTS: Certified-organic green neem leaf extract, organic aloe vera gel, cold-pressed neem oil, citronella, carbomer, triethanolamne, polysorbate 20, diazolidinil urea, butylcarbamate, citric acid, geraniol.


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This map requires WebGL
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Nice camping spot close to DC with hiking nearby
Nice spread out camp sites with power hookup.
A small piece of outdoors in the middle of a very bustling city is a great getaway close to home! a melting pot of meeting new people from all over the country visiting the DC area. And easy access to some of the nations best attractions
We stayed one night in a small cabin. It was cosy and warm on a cold night for fall. The cabins are clean and tidy and the campground is well run. It's small and the sites are quite close together. There is a good trail around the campground, not long because it's a small park, but the views of and access to the river are lovely.
What a wonderful place! The resort is spacious, scattered throughout the woods. The RV sites are comfortable with all the amenities. And the customer service is impeccable.
We stayed during a few weekdays in October and we almost had the whole place to ourselves. We staying in one of the cabins, which had 2 beds and a bunk bed, sink and toilet, refrigerator, microwave, dining table and sofa. There was also a front porch with picnic table and fire pit.
Honestly, the beds were not very comfortable and way too small for a couple to sleep in one. It was a VERY dark walk to get to the bathhouse for showers. And the fire pit had no grill, so we ended up having to use the stoves of some RV camping friends for meals. Otherwise the stay was great.
I would strongly recommend camping there in the summer months or during weekends in the shoulder season if you have social kids like mine. There were tons of things to do there for adults and kids alike. The activities — such as putt-putt, jump zone and the playground ended up being kinda boring for them without others to share it with. Obviously that would change with crowds. And advance reservations are a must — this place books up fast!
I would highly recommend staying at Merry Meadows, especially if you have an RV and a group of friends to join you!
Campgrounds closed until early 2021
It was both mine and my fiancé's first time camping in a decade. Needless to say, we were a bit nervous about our experience. Every part either met or exceeded our expectations. We stayed at camp site ten, which was open yet felt like our own private spot. The were right by the water and the little waves lulled us to sleep each night. We were close to the building that has a kitchen, coffee and bathroom with a shower, which was super convenient. It's a dog friendly spot and our dogs thrived while making new friends! James was kind, communicative and super helpful when it came to any questions we had.
We went for Father's Day a few years ago. Nice camping experience had a fishing pond sites were level and no problems
My family lives near Greenbelt National Park and we have hiked the five-mile perimeter trail dozens of times with our dogs. However, this park has a serious bug problem. Most of the time, we return home from our hikes only to find ticks on at least one of us!
We were excited to finally tent camp at Greenbelt two years ago for my wife's 30th and had a memorable time around the campfire, but were disappointed the next day that chiggers and ticks had once again swarmed us on our hike. Enjoy the camping but wear bug repellent and stay out of the tall grasses!
We stayed at site D72 for 4 days. The sites are quiet, very spacious, level, and heavily wooded with 50A service, water and sewer hookup. D Loop is for RVs, A, B, C& E are tents only. AT&T 5 MB/s w/o booster(1 bar), 8 MB/s with it(2 bars). There is no satellite coverage due to the heavy tree canopy. OTA TV was descent using an external omni antenna. There is no WiFi. There is a very nice network of trails, most if not all were leashed dog friendly.


text: Hi all.. I am looking for an effective QMS software for my food manufacturing company. This is the first time I am intending to buy a new QMS software. My colleague told me about the quality assurance software of Unipoint software. If you know any other better software, please mention that. What are the things that I should care while buying a new QMS software?


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Think of a strategic plan as an organization's road map: You can choose the roads you want to take, but the strategic plan ensures you reach your destination—your goals.
Kiwanis International's strategic plan is designed for each district and club to use as a guide to create their own plans and choose their own paths toward accomplishing common goals. The plan focuses on four goal areas—or priorities—that will help clubs, districts and our overall organization thrive for years to come as a positive force for good in the world.
Goal: To build, retain and support a growing Kiwanis membership network
Kiwanis inspires and engages men, women, youth, corporations, other nonprofits, partners and communities to make the world a better place for children to thrive. Belonging to Kiwanis means being part of a massive force for positive change in the world.
Goal: To perform meaningful service, with service to children as our priority
Kiwanis is best expressed through meaningful service in communities around the world. When we work together and with other organizations to address important needs for children, we change lives, build stronger communities and even improve our own lives.
Goal: To enhance the Kiwanis image worldwide
Kiwanians are the most effective "advertisements" for Kiwanis. We represent our image in living color, wear our brand and share our message with the world. That's why it's important for our many Kiwanis voices to "sing from the same songbook" when it comes to brand guidelines and messaging. That's also why it's important to empower members and clubs worldwide with the training and tools they need to share Kiwanis' story as one, unified voice.
Goal: To ensure financial viability and responsible stewardship
Kiwanis does amazing work in the world. When we make wise financial investments, find opportunities to turn profits into service, pool our financial and volunteer resources, create efficient structures and make processes easy and affordable, we can build our capacity to do even more for the children of the world.
Kiwanis' global network is larger than clubs and members. When we connect and collaborate with schools, hospitals, government, other nonprofits, corporations, foundations and others, Kiwanis—and the service we can provide to children—becomes an undeniable force for good in our communities. That means stronger communities that nurture their children. That means a bigger impact in the world.
Our motto:
Serving the Children of the World
Our vision:
Kiwanis will be a positive influence in communities worldwide...so that one day, all children will wake up in communities that believe in them, nurture them and provide the support they need to thrive.
Our vivid description:
Kiwanis' global network includes a dynamic family of clubs, individual supporters, alumni, donors, NGO (non-government organization) partners and corporate sponsors. Every community around the world has an opportunity to participate in or benefit from a Kiwanis experience. Based on a legacy of service, our global network is dedicated to building community and improving lives by providing opportunities for service, fellowship, leadership and philanthropy according to local needs, cultures and member interests.
Our defining statement:
Kiwanis is a global organization of volunteers dedicated to improving the world one child and one community at a time.
How do you talk about Kiwanis? Our defining statement is the right place to start. The words were carefully chosen, because they explain exactly what Kiwanis is and what Kiwanians do around the world. Every day. Kiwanians serve their local communities and communities far from home. We are dedicated, and we give generously of our time and resources to help children. We make communities stronger by connecting many people and organizations together for a greater good.
Those 20 words open the door to a deeper conversation about what your club does in your town or across the globe. About what Kiwanis means to you. It's a conversation that opens the door to four more important words, "Won't you join me?"
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The rush on Rogue One tickets—which went on sale last night—crippled Fandango, sending eager fans into a Minion-coated "wait room" as they tried to make plans to see the first Star Wars spinoff movie. The presale began at 12:01 a.m. EST Monday, according to Deadline, and the number of people trying to buy tickets forced Fandango to issue the following statement:
That online queue looked something like this:
The delays resulted in frustrated Twitter comments—not a good look for the company, which had similar issues when tickets for The Force Awakens became available for purchase. Some even bragged about circumventing Fandango's services in favor of MovieTickets.com or Atom Tickets.
Thank you, @atomtickets for being there when the @Fandango server crashed. Got 6 tickets to #RogueOne
— Eunice Pak (@eunice_pak) November 28, 2016
Rogue One isn't expected to make The Force Awakens-level bucks in its opening weekend, and perhaps the fact that Fandango's competitors weren't hobbled is an indicator of that. However, it's still predicted to make a lot of money:The Hollywood Reporter noted last week that it is expected to make over $130 million in its opening weekend. That's a lot less than The Force Awakens' $248 million, but it still would be the second-largest December debut of all time. Perhaps it's the promise of Vader?


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Ending of poverty in all forms everywhere – including extreme poverty, hunger and malnutrition, social discrimination and exclusion, lack of land rights, limited access to social security and other basic services, and resilience to climate disasters.
Achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture, horticulture and forest management.
Ensuring healthy lives and promoting the well-being for all, promote sexual and reproductive health, clean water and sanitation, malaria, tuberculosis, polio, HIV/AIDS and alcohol abuse.
Ensure inclusive and quality education and lifelong learning, promote qualified teaching, development education/global citizenship education (also in Denmark) and cultural exchange.
Equal access to education, health care, decent work and wages, and representation in political and economic decision-making processes.
Ensure access to water and sanitation for all which involves a focus on clean and sustainable water supplies.
Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy technology for all.
Promote inclusive and sustainable economic growth, employment and decent work for all. Promote entrepreneurship, income generating activities (like Microfinance, VSLA groups), labor rights and unions and combat child labor.
Resilient infrastructure, sustainable industrialization and innovation. Access to modern IT and communication technology.
Reduce inequality within and among countries. Ensure equal opportunity and eliminate discriminating laws. Develop financial regulations, tax systems, policies on wage regulations, secure immigration and increased development assistance.
Make cities and communities inclusive, safe, resilient towards climate disasters and sustainable in terms of housing and transport.
Focus on food waste, fair trade, waste management and recycling.
Combat climate change and its impacts. Promote sustainable livelihood, resilience, and general robustness toward climate change.
Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources. Promote sustainable fishery and reduce the pollution of the oceans and costs.
Promote sustainable forest management, combat desertification, land degradation and biodiversity loss.
Access to decision making processes and information for marginalized groups (fx civil society organisations' work with advocacy). Promote civil and political rights, good governance and healthy institutions at all levels, conflict resolutions, and fights against trafficking and corruption.
Partnerships for sustainable development including North-South civil society based partnerships with focus on organisational and capacity development. Partnerships between civil society, the private sector and state institutions.


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Welcome, Saturday! I am ready for you! Feeling energized and ready for the weekend. We may be the family that shoved all of the Christmas decor in our garage and walked away. So today we will tackle putting it away for the year and then a family baseball game is on the agenda. With rain coming our way again, we need to make the most of the sunshine right now. Rounded up some really darling finds this week. I think you'll see I have ruffles on my mind in this week's Saturday Shopping!
field jacket | blouse | peacoat | sweater
Classic pieces that are still on sale. I wear my field jacket so much. This one comes in three colors and is marked down. The blouse has been a favorite for a couple of years now. Very pretty and looks great with anything. It is available in many colors. The peacoat is a classic piece and only $35. Would look great with this classic plaid scarf. I have a thing for pink sweaters right now and this one is so pretty. It comes in other colors, too.
I ordered this online and LOVE it. Even my husband commented on how cute my sweater was when I wore it for the first time. It's very comfy and just a cute find. I like how it's a bit longer in back and the way the side is cut. If you are over on Instagram, it's the sweater I was wearing last night.
These t-shirts come in a multitude of colors and it's on sale for $15. Love these for layering or just alone. Very soft.
Heads up that these boots are marked down. I also found them over here. They have a different style name but appear to be the same boot. Or at least very very similar. I love these so much. The caramel colored faux jacket is also a staple. I am wearing a small but if you are concerned at all about sizing you may want to go up one size. The handbag now comes in a light gray. You know I love this $39 bag. You can beat how soft it is and that price.
Shop This Look
These all caught my eye and are darling additions to the wardrobe. Each of them can be dressed up or down. Cute with jeans and comfy tennis shoes or a great pair of heels. The ruffle t-shirt is $24 and comes in other colors, too The first knotted one is so darn cute. I can see it with workout pants, too. Or dressed up with a darling necklace and boots. Very versatile. I will show you these styled very soon.
And this has nothing to do with anything I've mentioned, but this pretty faux fur caught my eye. I have always wanted something like this to wear when I dress up. Isn't it pretty? A friend of mine got married years ago when it was cold out and wore something similar over her wedding dress. I've wanted one since!
You know I love me some Anthro but it's their sale section that calls my name. This sweatshirt is soooooo cute. The ruffle detail is awesome. It's an extra 40% off with the code TAGTIME. I would pair this with my white jeans and Adidas ( currently on sale). Anthropologie just always gets it right. There is always something special about each piece and I really like that. You can shop more of the sale section here.
Loft has an awesome sale section right now. Most things are an extra 60% off! That's nuts. So all of the feminine tops above are around $15!!!! I wear small when it comes to Loft so hope that helps. If you've been wanting to flirt with the off the shoulder trend, this black top won't set you back too much and it's a really pretty cut. Love the lace detail.
Our entryway needs a rug so I ordered this as a runner. It should arrive any day now. I thought it would tie in the rest of the blue in the home but still remain fairly neutral. It received great reviews so I will keep you posted. I can't wait for it to arrive.
World Market is having a really big furniture sale. Our dining room table (pictured below) is now $419. Great price. It has an extension and we have loved it for years. It does have grooves which I vacuum every once in a while to keep clean.
The rug was a lucky HomeGoods find but this one is quite similar. Very neutral and would go with any color scheme.
Have a great weekend, my friends. Our kids go back to school on Monday so we are clinging to two more days of together time. Let's be honest though. It will be nice to clean the house and have it stay clean for a bit next week. I guess there is always an upside. xo
*Affiliate links used


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Eliseparts are the world's most respected, dedicated supplier of automotive equipment for the Lotus Elise and all its variants including: 340R, Lotus Exige Mk1, Exige Mk2, Lotus Elise Mk1, Mk2 & 111R, Lotus Europa and the VX220.
From its creation back in 1999, Eliseparts has grown into a multi-national business with a 20,000+ customer base throughout 40 countries and manufacture and supply well over 1600 individual Lotus related products, from a ball joint to a complete Body Kit.
The company has an impressive list of customers worldwide, ranging from DIY enthusiasts & track day racers to top level race teams.
Our experience, specialist knowledge, quality and customer care are second to none, this along with our vast stock enables us to ship parts to your door fast and efficiently. Our reputation for unsurpassed service means a lot to us and we pride ourselves on our quick response times.
Our CAD/CAM design team has proved its worth with many innovative and exclusive products that have been race proven throughout the world and along with our close links with dozens of race teams enable us to test our products under the most extreme conditions.
Indeed we sponsor many successful Elise race cars and even a Lotus specific race series.
We can say with genuine satisfaction that there are very few race cars without some of our parts on them.
Although our hours are Monday to Friday 8.30am - 5.30 pm and Saturdays 9.00am - 1.00pm, we answer emails and process orders 7 days per week, so don't be surprised if you receive a quick reply to your request at 9pm on a Saturday evening.
We look forward to the future and hope we can be of service to you for many years to come.
Geary Powell - Founder & CEO
Sales enquiries
Int. +44 1480 860002
Mon - Fri | 8:30am - 5:30pm
Saturday | 8:30am - 12:30pm


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New Delhi/Hyderabad, 2 Aug (PTI): Rumblings within Congress over its decision to form Telangana grew today with its seven MPs, a state minister and seven MLAs from Andhra and Rayalaseema regions quitting amid indications that some more are likely to follow suit.
However, the party apparently managed to dissuade four Union Ministers from resigning. HRD Minister Pallam Raju was one of them who offered to quit but was asked to stay on.
Upset over the party's decision taken on Tuesday, seven Congress MPs and four union ministers from Andhra and Rayalaseema regions held marathon meeting here late last night to evolve strategy against formation of Telangana decision.
The seven MPs — six Lok Sabha members and a Rajya Sabha member — then went to Parliament this morning and submitted their resignations.
The Lok Sabha members who put in their papers were A Sai Prathap (Rajampet constituency), Anantha Venkatarami Reddy (Anantapur) C V Harsha Kumar (Amalapuram-SC), Vundavalli Arun Kumar (Rajahmundry), Lagadapati Rajagopal (Vijayawada) and S P Y Reddy (Nandyal). They submitted their resignations to Lok Sabha Secretary General T K Vishwanathan.
The MPs said that three more Lok Sabha members from the state — Sabbam Hari (Anakapalli), Magunta Srinivasulu Reddy (Ongole) and Rayapati Sambasiva Rao (Guntur) — had also faxed their resignations. Congress has 31 members in the House from Andhra Pradesh.
Rajya Sabha member KVP Ramachandra Rao tendered his resignation to Rajya Sabha Secretary General Shamsher K Sheriff. Congress has 13 members in the Upper House.
In Hyderabad, Municipal Administration Minister M Maheedhar Reddy resigned today, taking to four the number of ministers who put in their papers since yesterday.
Congress MLA Dronamraju Srinivas also tendered resignation and another half-a-dozen MLAs also claimed to have quit.
The total number of Congress MLAs who resigned since yesterday went up to 20 while about 15 others claimed to have submitted their resignations to PCC president B Satyanarayana.
Four Union Ministers — Pallam Raju besides Ministers of State D Purandeswari, Killi Kruparani and JD Seelam — were said to be among those intending to protest against the Telangana decision. Raju had already offered to quit.
They met AICC in-charge of Andhra Pradesh Digvijay Singh after which they decided "to continue to hold fort" as they were assured that a high level committee would be set up to address the grievances of people from Andhra and Rayalaseema regions.
The ministers were believed to have been assured that they would be made members of the Committee.
The resignations by MPs came a day after Congress Union Ministers and unhappy MPs from Andhra and Rayalseema regions held a meeting at the residence of KVP Ramachandra Rao late last night.
At the meeting, the Union Ministers are understood to have counselled the MPs not to resign saying that after the Congress high-command's decision on Telangana formation, it would focus on Andhra's future development.
However, the MPs felt that the situation has still not gone out of hand and by tendering their resignations, they can force the government to hold back its decision.
Some of them were also of the view that the issue could be raised effectively in Parliament by stalling its proceedings when the Monsoon Session begins from Monday.
Congress, however, sought to put up a brave face in the midst of a storm in the party over the creation of Telangana even as its seven MPs, a state minister and seven MLAs from Andhra and Rayalaseema regions quit amid indications that some more are likely to follow suit.
"Congress believes in democracy…the party would sort out its internal matter. It will be settled," party spokesperson Bhakta Charan Das told reporters.
Speaking separately, JD(U) President Sharad Yadav, whose party supported the creation of Telangana, also downplayed the rumblings over the decision in non-Telangna regions of Andhra Pradesh and demands of smaller states coming from other regions.
Yadav said he favours the creation of second State Reorganization Commission to look into these issues but disappoved of "demands for creation of states even when the regions have only three to four districts."
"It is not good to rake up tension in society. New states should be formed only after due consideration and if they fulfill the criteria. You see creation of every new state or having a common capital brings its own set of problems.
Water dispute between Punjab and Haryana are yet to be settled with Chandigarh as their comman capital," Yadav said.