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ROCHESTER, Minn. -- Mayo Clinic's multiple myeloma (MM) research team has jointly issued a consensus statement regarding the use of bisphosphonates to prevent or treat bone disease in MM. Their recommendations address several controversial issues, including the type of bisphosphonate to be used and the duration of such therapy, and are available in the August issue of Mayo Clinic Proceedings.
"It was imperative that we address the issue that has been under recent intense debate due to patient safety concerns," said Martha Lacy, M.D., Mayo Clinic hematologist and lead author of the statement. "These drugs have far-ranging effects that raised concerns in the medical field, so we brought together the relevant specialists to develop a set of best practice recommendations. We published them in Mayo Clinic Proceedings in order to provide other physicians the benefit of our shared knowledge."
The Mayo Clinic team provided recommendations for the myeloma patients for whom bisphosphonates are indicated. They said pamidronate should be the bisphosphonate of choice for patients who are starting therapy, over the newer, more potent drug zoledronic acid, which is more frequently associated with serious damage to jaw bones. Also in the interest of safety, the team recommended that patients without active disease stop bisphosphonate therapy after two years, and patients with active disease reduce the frequency at which the drugs are given.
MM is a malignant plasma cell disorder that is diagnosed in more than 15,000 people each year in the United States, and which causes more than 11,000 deaths. There are a variety of treatment options for MM, but it remains an incurable disease with current emphasis placed on enhancing quality of life while the cure is sought.
Because bone destruction causes significant problems for MM patients, and painful results include osteoporosis, lytic bone disease and skeletal fractures, clinicians seek t


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September 2010
His Batboy Days
Some 45 years ago, in one of the brightest seasons in Dodgers history, Bryan Hayward was a batboy for the team. On Sept. 22, Hayward was back on the field at Dodger Stadium receiving recognition for a special accomplishment.
Hayward is one of 234 runners who have completed every single L.A. Marathon since the first in 1986. The West Covina resident, along with the other Legacy Runnerswere brought onto the field at Dodger Stadium prior to the Sept. 22 game. Hayward, though, was singled out and announced to the Dodger Stadium crowd.
Hayward got emotional after he was announced.
"I guess this is my cathedral," he said of Dodger Stadium.
Hayward's friend was the visiting team's batboy at Dodger Stadium in 1965. He asked Hayward if he would be interested in being a batboy and he originally said no. His friend convinced him to come to the ballpark and check it out.
"First thing I did was walk to the dugout area and look onto the field and I was sold," recalled Hayward. "I didn't care what the job description was."
The Dodgers went on to defeat the Minnesota Twins in the 1965 World Series. It was a team of Dodger legends — Sandy Koufax, Don Drysdale, Johnny Podres, Jim Gilliam, Wes Parker, Maury Wills, Willie Davis, Tommy Davis, "Sweet" Lou Johnson and manager Walter Alston. Koufax pitched a perfect game on Sept. 9, 1965 at Dodger Stadium.
"It was unbelievable when you think of the genuine superstars on that team," said Hayward. "They were a very light-hitting team. A great example was when Koufax threw his perfect game. I think Drysdale was in Philadelphia or wherever they were going to play the next series. When he got the phone call that Koufax threw a perfect game, the first question he asked was, 'Did we win the game?'"
Hayward said catcher Jeff Torborg took him under his wing. He used to break in new shoes for Wills. He also used to play pepper all the time with Willie Davis. That season was a great run for the Dodgers and for Hayward.
Minor Matters
It was a mixed bag for the Dodgers' minor league partners in 2010. Here's a look at how the teams and some of their top players fared.
Almost was the case for the Dodgers' Triple-A partner, the Albuquerque Isotopes, in 2010. The Isotopes finished the season one game out of the Pacific Coast League playoffs, finishing 73-71 — one game behind PCL American South winner Oklahoma City.
First baseman John Lindsey was the Pacific League's batting champion, hitting .353. He also led the team with 25 home runs and 97 RBI. Third baseman Russ Mitchell was named the team's Most Valuable Player. He ranked in the PCL top 10 in homers (23), RBI (87), doubles (38), hits (159), extra-base hits (63), total bases (270), runs (97) and batting average (.315). Left-handed reliever Juan Perez was named the club's Pitcher of the Year after going 4-3 with a 2.96 ERA in 45.2 innings.
The Dodgers' Double-A partner, the Chattanooga Lookouts, had an up-and-down season, finishing 65-74 overall. The bright side is a lot of Dodger prospects took steps forward in Chattanooga. Kenley Jansen went 4-0 with a 1.67 ERA and struck out 50 batters in 27 innings before being called up to the Majors on July 23. Outfielder Trayvon Robinson finished in the Southern League top 10 in batting average (.300), on-base percentage (.404), walks (73), runs (80), stolen bases (38) and OPS (.842). Shortstop Dee Gordon finished in the top 10 in runs (86), hits (154), triples (10) and led the league in stolen bases (53). Jerry Sands, despite playing only half the season with Chattanooga, as he started the season with the Single-A Great Lakes Loons, was tied for fourth in the Southern League with 17 home runs. Jon Huber was a bright spot in the bullpen, going 3-3 with a 2.30 ERA and 18 saves.
It was a struggle overall for the Advanced Single-A Inland Empire 66ers, yet a couple of players made the most of their limited time there. Outfielder Kyle Russell belted 16 homers and knocked in 53 runs, while batting .354 before a promotion to Chattanooga. Aaron Miller, the Dodgers' 2009 first-round pick, was the team's most steady pitcher, going 6-4 with a 2.92 ERA in 19 games, 17 starts.
It's hard to argue that there has been a better team in the entire minor leagues than the Dodgers' other Single-A partner, the Great Lakes Loons. The Loons advanced to the Midwest League Playoffs after finishing 90-49 overall in the regular season, winning 45 games at home and 45 on the road. The Loons took care of business in the Midwest League's Eastern Division Quarterfinals, eliminating the Fort Wayne TinCaps in three games, but lost in three in the Eastern Division Championship Series to the Lake County Captains . Outfielder Brian Cavazos-Galvez finished in the Midwest League top 10 in hits (156), home runs (16), RBI (77), stolen bases (43), slugging (.520), OPS (.863) and led the league in average (.318), doubles (43) and total bases (255). Pitcher Allen Webster finished in the top 10 in ERA (2.88) and innings pitched (131.1) and tied for the league lead in wins with 12. Outfielder Blake Smith led the team with 19 home runs and second baseman Rafael Ynoa had a stellar season batting .286 with 40 stolen bases. Five pitchers — Webster, Will Savage, Steve Smith, Jordan Roberts and Luis Vasquez — each pitched at least 40 innings for the club and had sub-3.00 ERAs.

subset: commoncrawl


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Professional Trusted Painting Contractors Woodenbridge
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- Painters and Decorators Dublin 9 (D9)
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Useful links: National Guild. Construction Industry Register, Passive House Association.
Woodenbridge (Irish: an Droichead Adhmaid)[1] is a small village in County Wicklow, Ireland. It lies between Arklow and Avoca, at the meeting of the Avoca, Aughrim and Goldmine rivers. The village is located at the junction of the R747 and R752 roads. The R747 crosses the Aughrim on the stone bridge (see photo) which is still called "Wooden Bridge".
The village was historically called Garrynagowlan, Garragowlan and Garnagowlan (from Irish: Garraí na nGabhlán, meaning "grove of the little forks") after the townland it occupies.[1][2]
Alex Trend Painters
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Painting Contractors Services in Woodenbridge
Are you contemplating giving your home or business a new look? Do you have to repaint after a tenant has vacated your own property? Do you have to repair water stains on walls and ceilings or over walls in which mold has been removed? It could be tempting to do the task yourself, which can result in cost savings. But, there are many reasons you should consider hiring a professional painter and decorator support.
Costs of Equipment
Proper painting of either interiors or exteriors requires an investment in equipment — brushes, rollers, sprayers, tarp to protect surfaces and floors, ladders, scaffolding, sanders, compound knifes, patching materials, solvents, the list can become long and pricey. Hiring a professional painter and decorator means that the painter comes will all of the tools that they will require to perform the job properly, will wash those tools up whenever they are done and will require them away to be saved elsewhere.
Protection of Your Property and Preventing a Mess
A professional painter and decorator will have the right gear and be educated and experienced with the way to shield furniture, flooring, cupboards, paths and other items which you don't want painted from any damage. If your job entails staining, a professional will have the right equipment and expertise to use the stain correctly to attain the right finish and once achieved, protect that finish.
A professional painter will also thoroughly clean up the work area once the project is completed.
Planning is Essential
A professional painter and painter is going to learn that preparation is the key to a great looking, long lasting paint job. The walls or other surfaces which need to be painted may have to be thoroughly cleaned, repaired, decreased and/or primed. Areas with water or mold staining may require additional treatment and patching before they are prepared for a final paint job. It's a good deal of work and if it's not done correctly with appropriate instruments and techniques, it will not lead to an excellent finish.
Skills and Patience
Painting takes patience to produce a gorgeous quality finish and in addition, it takes skill that is developed with training and experience. A professional will understand how to finish all their preparation and painting jobs required to reach the best effect.
A professional painter will also know the materials which are needed to perform the job correctly. Which primer will provide the right coverage? Oil or latex? Matte, semi-gloss, high gloss? Which primer base is demanded? What paint base? If the wall be prepared with drywall compound or plaster? Roller or spray?
A professional painter will be able to recommend materials that are better to get the look you want, while avoiding any harm to your surfaces. With that information, you can achieve a greater quality finish that will last.
For outdoor tasks, a professional will understand the right weather, temperature and sun conditions to complete the job with all the best results. Stains respond differently in direct sunlight than when it's overcast, and at different temperatures. While rain obviously affects the job, heat and humidity can also affect the quality of outside paint finishes. A local expert painter will know the proper materials to use to make your exterior last as long as possible in Dublin's climate.
Increasing on ladders while attempting to apply paint correctly is a skilled job that requires careful attention and focus to prevent severe harm and damage. The greater the website which needs painting, the greater the danger of an accident. For inside projects with large areas or outside jobs, a professional painter may have all the tools and experience necessary to perform the work safely and correctly, including the proper size and layout of the ladder and scaffolding.
Your time is precious and painting yourself requires a significant quantity of time. Having a professional painter and decorator take care of the job for you can save you days and times of work, and can usually be done in a far shorter period of time.
A study from Trinity College Dublin indicates that the average Irish person requires 28 hours per day to accomplish all of his or her tasks. Prevent adding a paint job into this and speak to a professional painter about your needs.


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Icephone is the name. It looks crazy and it is being developed by a cell phone manufacturer in the UK for the army and it has three different ways to interact with. First a 3-inch touchscreen then a QWERTY keyboard and finally a navigation interface. Or something like that. If you want one of these you can get it next year for just under $1000. For that price you get a smartphone that's water-snow-damage resistant and has Bluetooth,Wi-Fi, HSPA and 3G on four band GSM networks.
You know it's good for navigating texting and calling mom the same time.
[Via Prim Online [HR]]


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A report on making Philadelphia's streets safer for pedestrians, cyclists and drivers. This looks at crash data, separated by Councilmanic districts, neighborhoods, and intersections.
The report was released on June 24, 2015.
Better Mobility laid out 10 strategies for the next mayor and City Council to help make a better, safer Philadelphia for all road users. All mayoral candidates agreed with the platform.
A report on making Philadelphia's streets safer for pedestrians, cyclists and drivers. This report compares Philadelphia to other peer cities based on transportation and bike lane mileage data.
The report was released on December 8, 2014.
A two-part report on the state of bicycling in Philadelphia. The first part uses our annual bike counts to identify trends in Philadelphia, and places Philadelphia within a national context. The second part uses this data to make policy and infrastructure recommendations.
The first part was released on August 21st. The second part will be released in September.
An examination of the limited bicycle and pedestrian access on twelve bridges crossing the Delaware River at or near Philadelphia. The report issues short and long-term recommendations for each bridge to improve its accessibility for bicyclists and pedestrians, and makes the case for why such access is important.
In 2013, we partnered with Azavea to map the locations of bike crashes in Philadelphia. The crash data was supplied by PennDOT and covered the years 2007-2012.
Some important caveats about the map:
- This does not take into account bicycle volume. The map identifies Broad & Spruce as a high-crash intersection, but that intersection also sees some of the highest rates of bicycle traffic in the city. This makes the rate of crashes there significantly lower than the map would suggest.
- The data mapped are only reported bike crashes. Many bicyclists do not report their crashes to the police, either because there was neither injury nor damage, or because they believe (falsely) such things should not be reported to the police.
Working with the communities along the southern portion of the Broad Street Corridor, the Bicycle Coalition and volunteers from the Community Design Collaborative developed conceptual plans for what bike friendly streets might look like within the dense, primarily residential fabric of South Philadelphia, where cycling rates are some of the highest in the country. This report marks the beginnings of our Safe Streets, Healthy Neighborhoods campaign.
Using Bicycle Coalition counts and US Census statistics, this report maps and dissects bicycling in the city and region. By breaking down bicycle commuting rates by neighborhood, the report sheds new light on the high levels of bicycle commuting in Philadelphia's core, where bicycle commuting rates in South Philly and Center City top 5%. This May 2011 report also shows how bike lanes significantly decrease the scourge of sidewalk bicycle riding.
The Ben Franklin Bridge shouldn't be an obstacle course for bicyclists and pedestrians while being a race course for cars. This report makes recommendations to the Delaware River Port Authority on how to improve the Ben Franklin Bridge walkway so that it is a high quality transportation connector between Philadelphia and Camden for all of its users.
The path to urban sustainability is paved by streets that accommodate all users, not just cars and trucks. The 2008 bicycle counts, conducted by Bicycle Coalition staff and volunteers at key intersections and the Schuylkill River bridges, found that bicycling had increased 104% since 2005.
This report presented an audit of existing Philadelphia bike parking conditions, and made policy recommendations for improving those conditions.
A 2-page outline of the policy actions we wanted the Nutter Administration to take to make Philadelphia the most bicycle friendly city in the nation.
Did you know (in 2008) that Philadelphia had 36,000 bicycle commuters and that up to 600 bicyclists crossed the Schuylkill River bridges during the evening rush? We compiled statistics for Philadelphia, surrounding counties, and the Delaware Valley region using the latest national and regional survey data.
In March of 2004 NJ TRANSIT launched the RiverLINE Light Rail Service between Camden and Trenton, this 21st
century transit line offers exceptional bike access to the trains. This was due to the design of very simple and easy to board high level platforms, and rail cars that were designed easily to accommodate bicycles, wheelchairs and strollers. The response among bicyclists was beyond all expectations, the Bicycle Coalition of Greater Philadelphia estimates that 5% of the passengers brings their bicycle aboard.
5,955 total views, 1 views today
Research News
October 18, 2019What's Behind a 1-Year Drop in Philly Bicycle Commuting?
September 17, 2019Meet Our New Team Members
June 25, 2019DVRPC's Level of Traffic Stress Analysis: Now With 1000% More New Jersey
Fund Our ResearchJoin the Bicycle Coalition
Bicycle Coalition of Greater Philadelphia: SB565 was on today's agenda but was held, again, with a number of other pieces of legislation. https://t.co/KVTGQvepOB
Bicycle Coalition of Greater Philadelphia: 16 RCOs — So Far — Oppose Anti-Philly Bike Lane Amendment in Senate https://t.co/5ukjTDVLVz via @BCGP
Bicycle Coalition of Greater Philadelphia: .@SenSabatina's amendment to a transportation bill in the state Senate, originally meant to throw a wrench in the b… https://t.co/0ufuEqrCrC


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Okay, so I know I've blogged about my love of rainbows about eight hundred bazillion times, but really…..I love 'em.
Today is October 11th, so in honor of National Coming Out Day, I'm dressed as a RAINBOW!
This costume is fun because it could look different every time you put it together. I went for a more casual/sporty rainbow look. I could've chosen all menswear items, or all vintage, or all sparkly (!)….etc. I just gathered all the items I had on hand and then asked around until I filled in all the color gaps. And KABLAM! Full body rainbow!


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Physical Education is an umbrella term used to describe the study of a range of specified physical activities. There are two distinct categories of PE: Core PE and Academic PE.
Core PE
Students will follow an integrated journey to encompass all the skills required of PE. Students will learn the Fundamentals of movement – Agility, Balance, Co ordination, Flexibility, Strength, CV Fitness and Speed. In addition a focus on core skills at each school level affects the games and sporting success of the individuals and the teams in matches. The Physical Education curriculum is designed to provide a broad and balanced range of experiences for students. All students have the opportunity to learn new skills and techniques in new activities as well as extend their skills, techniques, strategies and tactics.
Quality teaching, from a very highly skilled set of practitioners, along with excellent planning and first class facilities inspire and encourage our students to be the best they can be in the subject as a non-exam option and / or an academic option. The PE curriculum offers a range of practical and theoretical subject matter which appropriately challenges all students. We ask much from the student's strengths and support them in their weaknesses.
There are currently seven members of staff and five graduate sports coaches that support students throughout the programme. All are allocated to the non-exam programme offering a range of skills and experiences based on their specialisms and expertise.
Academic PE
The academic programme is structured in such a way that individual qualifications and strengths of staff are maximised. There are four staff involved in teaching two sets at GCSE level. At 'A' level, specific teaching areas in the academic programme include: Physiological, Psychological, Socio-Cultural and Historical. Staff are assigned based on their level of expertise to maximise learning for all students.
Physical Education in its current context, is a relatively new subject in the curriculum and has experienced significant change in the past few years. Recent modifications and additions to curriculum structure, include timetabling, grading and reporting based on subject content and the quality of learning. As an 'A' Level subject, it is a growth area nationally and internationally and an increasing number of students move on to university to study in this vast and broad spectrumed industry. Academic PE has enhanced the variety of options for study at Ampleforth and allowed students to embrace a new and exciting subject that allows them to gain credit for their sporting prowess. It has also given them an opportunity to learn theory and apply it to further enhance their sporting development. Rapid growth in the subject continues to drive success . The department have a value added score of over 1 full grade at GCSE level. The subject is receiving much positive feedback from staff, students and parents. There is plenty of optimism and enthusiasm for further developments and continued growth in both the academic and core PE programmes.


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Jewish and Early Christian Art
First Things First...
This lecture is organized around three themes: art as an expression of religious identity, art as an expression of social standing, and the difference between style and subject matter.
Another important point to clarify is the name of this section—students often think that "Jewish" and "Early Christian" apply to style, when it really applies to the subject matter. There is no difference in the way that Christian or Jewish or pagan pictures are painted. It is important to emphasize throughout the lecture that in terms of style, Jewish, Christian, pagan—even Zoroastrian art—is simply late Roman or late antique.
Depending on the background of your students, you may find that many of them lack basic knowledge or have misconceptions of both Judaism and Christianity. If you are not sure if the students are familiar with the basic concepts, you may start the lecture by asking simple questions and providing basic background information.
The Roman Empire was extraordinarily diverse with respect to social, ethnic, racial, linguistic, and religious backgrounds. During the second and third centuries, many Romans started to reject polytheism in favor of monotheistic religions and cults. Ask your students if they know what monotheism and polytheism mean. Emphasize that Judaism and Christianity are both monotheist, meaning a belief in one creator of the universe who hears prayers and rules. Jews believe that God made covenant with them and that they are the chosen people awaiting the coming of the Messiah (anointed one). Christians believe that Jesus Christ was the Messiah. You may add that, together with Islam, all three are "religions of the book," which means that all of them have written records of God's words in form of the Torah, Bible, and Quran. Mention that the Torah consists of the first five books of the Hebrew Bible and is the same as the first five books of the Old Testament in the Christian Bible.
Many students will think that the first Christian artworks appeared in the time of Christ, however, Christianity grew slowly after his death from a small base in Palestine. Only after periods of toleration and persecution did it finally become legalized in the Roman Empire through Emperor Constantine's Edict of Milan in 313 CE, which assured freedom of worship and restored confiscated church property. Because of Christianity's illegal status, most Christians likely worshiped in private, and so no distinguishable Christian buildings survive from the pre-313 CE period, and no artworks survive prior to the third century.
Background Readings
Content Suggestions
Start the lecture with the earliest Christian art, followed by funerary art (catacombs and sarcophagi), and finish with Christian and Jewish architecture and wall paintings. I would advise against discussing Jewish and Christian art separately, since chronologically they develop at the same time during the late antique/late Roman culture. This way, you can highlight the use of the common stylistic tropes and emphasize the differences in subject matter.
Images: This set is probably more than you may be able to cover in a single lecture. If you can devote two lectures to this period that would be great. If not, I encourage you to limit your class to the images and themes that will best complement your other lectures.
- Fish and anchor epitaph, the Catacombs of Domitilla, Rome, third century, late antique art
- Catacombs of St. Peter and Marcellinus, Rome, fourth century, late antique art
- Good Shepherd, ceiling painting from Catacomb of St. Peter and Marcellinus, Rome, fourth century, late antique art
- Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus, c. 359, marble, Grottoes of St. Peter, Vatican City, late antique art
- Sarcophagus of Constantia, c. 350, Vatican Museums, Rome, late antique art
- Baptistery, Dura Europos, Syria, before 256 CE, late antique art
- Synagogue, Dura Europos, Syria, before 256 CE, late antique art
- Church of Santa Sabina, Rome, 422–32 CE, late antique art
- Synagogue, Beth Alpha, Galilee, Israel, sixth century CE, late antique art
Fish and anchor epitaph, the Catacombs of Domitilla, Rome. No certifiably "Christian" art works are datable prior to the third century. Some of the symbols and simple images found could have been Christian, but no evidence exists to confirm these assumptions. The earliest confirmed Christian artworks date to the third century and consist of simple symbols, such as a fish or an anchor. Most would traditionally associate Christianity with the symbol of the cross, but this image was very rare, and the first artwork with a cross does not appear until 420 CE—much later than the other symbols. Why? Death on the cross was given only to the worst and most wretched perpetrators. If a Christian wanted to encourage another to convert, he or she had to emphasize the glory and power of God and this "scandal of the cross" would not encourage conversion. It was more important to emphasize God's miracles and power to protect His people. The anchor and the fish are such symbols.
An anchor symbolizes a safe arrival to one's destination (an important message when travel and work on the sea was widespread but also very dangerous). Metaphorically, it symbolized the safe arrival to heaven after one's death. Fish in Ancient Greek means IXTUC (Ichtus), which is an acronym for Jesus Christ, Son of God, Savior. In this way the fish symbolizes Jesus, and, by drawing this symbol, one could identify oneself as His devotee. Moreover, fish are also associated with the biblical story of the proliferation of bread and fish ("Feeding of 5000" known from all four canonical Gospels: Matthew 14:13–21, Mark 6:31–44, Luke 9:10–17 and John 6:5–15). This shows that the Bible becomes the primary source of pictorial decoration for the early Christians. During the pre-313 CE period, when Christianity was still illegal in the Roman Empire, these symbols were safe marks that allowed Christians to recognize each other and avoid persecution. Pagans would not be familiar with the metaphorical meaning of these symbols as they were based on the Bible which they did not read.
Catacomb of St. Peter and Marcellinus, Rome. The richest source of early Christian art are the catacombs in Rome. The catacombs are an intricate network of galleries and burial chambers cut out from tufa (soft volcanic rock in the area of Rome and Tuscany) beneath the city level. Jews, Christians, and pagans al buried the bodies of their dead in these corridors and chambers. Even though they were used to bury illegally practicing Christians, these catacombs survived and were not banned or destroyed, since Romans viewed the tombs as sacred. In addition, the cemeteries were legally registered and protected by Roman law even during the periods of severe persecution. Everyone was buried together, without regard for one's denomination.
Later, in the late third and fourth centuries, Christian and Jewish tombs became separate. There were two basic options of burial in the catacombs, depending on the amount of money one was willing to spend. The cheapest option was a burial in niches called loculi. Loculi were just simple openings in walls of long excavated corridors, enclosed by slabs or tiles, and sometimes plastered over. They varied in size from one to four or more bodies. The more expensive option was a cubiculum (entirely separate room in the galleries) that could be bought out to house one's entire family. Cubicula could be covered with wall paintings according to the will of the owner.
The Good Shepherd ceiling decoration from the catacomb of St. Peter and Marcellinus, is such an example. In this painting, note the framing device of circles, lunettes, and lines, into which are inscribed small figures and narrative scenes. This type of structuring of the pictorial field is a type of decoration commonly found in contemporary private homes, for example in Pompeii and Ostia. Moreover, the way that the figures are painted, frontal, with only simple highlights in the draperies and emphasis on gestures, is typical for late Roman art–again, no distinctive Christian style exists at this point (but the subject matter is Christian).
The overall message of the images is optimistic and focused on salvation. An image of the Good Shepherd is in the central circle, which was one of the most popular subjects of early Christian art. The image of a shepherd in itself, however, is not particularly Christian. In fact, it has a long Graeco-Roman heritage: bucolic scenes of shepherds tending their sheep were a popular wall decoration in Roman houses and subjects for archaic Greek sculptures. Yet, for Christians, the image of the shepherd had a metaphorical meaning. In other words, the image in itself is not a Christian invention but was reinterpreted in biblical terms. In Psalm 22, God is described as a shepherd and in the New Testament, Christ calls himself a shepherd as well. The image serves as a reference to a textual source (the Bible) and a metaphor for the meaning that lies beyond what is simply shown in the pictorial plane.
The lunettes on the sides of the Good Shepherd show the key episodes from the Old Testament story of Jonah and the Whale in a clockwise direction. Jonah was thrown from the ship (on the left), swallowed by a whale and sitting in his belly (largely missing now), emerging from the whale on the third day (right), safe on the ground resting under a gourd, and contemplating salvation (bottom). This was a popular theme taken by Christians from the Hebrew Bible (Old Testament). It is appropriate for this funerary context since Jonah, metaphorically dead in the whale's belly, is resurrected by the Grace of God to live, inspiring Christians to await a similar optimistic end to their lives. Moreover, Jonah is also seen here as prefiguration, reflecting the death and resurrection of Christ.
Comparisons between the Old Testament and New Testament are a very common way of reading scriptures. Early theologians would look for the events from the Old Testament that "prefigured" the coming of Christ or characters that were a "type" of Christ. In this catacomb painting, we can see that typology (searching for types of Christ) was not exclusive to textual interpretation, but also occurred in art. Such typological viewing is a uniquely Christian way of interpreting images, a comparative method not found in pagan or Jewish art. In this way, early Christian art is Roman in style but Christian in subject matter.
The Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus represents another type of funerary art from the early Christian period. A sarcophagus is a large stone or marble "coffin" used to house the body of the deceased. In contrast to common belief, Christians were not the instigators of preserving the body. Already in times of Emperors Hadrian and Trajan (early second century AD), Romans rejected cremation in favor of inhumation. The wealthiest of Christians, largely patricians but also wealthy freedmen, imitated their pagan counterparts in ordering sarcophagi, which were much more expensive than a loculus or even cubiculum in the catacombs. Sarcophagi could be placed either in the fancy arched niches (arcosolia) in the cubicula of the catacombs or in specially built mausolea (above-ground funerary structures meant specifically to house the bodies of the deceased).
This particular sarcophagus belonged to Junius Bassus, a patrician and prefect of the city of Rome, son of a consul, who was baptized as a Christian only on his deathbed. At this point, Christianity is legalized but is still largely the religion of those with lower social standing.* The great majority of the Roman senate and the most powerful families of Rome are still pagan. Bassus was probably one of the first patricians to convert, but openly expressing his beliefs would have probably hindered his career (and family relations—his father was a consul and a well-known donor of pagan art). This is probably why Bassus chose to be baptized only on his deathbed at which point he could also blatantly display his Christian beliefs in his sarcophagus.
The sarcophagus is decorated with a selection of scenes from the Old and New Testaments, set in individual niches in two tiers. From top left to bottom right the scenes are: Sacrifice of Isaac, Arrest of Peter, Christ Enthroned between Peter and Paul, and a double scene of the Trial of Jesus before Pilate, (washing his hands in the last niche), followed by Job and the Dunghill, Adam and Eve, Christ's Entry into Jerusalem, Daniel in the Lion's Den, and the Arrest of Paul. The viewer is meant to contemplate the mix of stories from both Old and New Testament and search for typological connections between them. For example, Adam, in the Adam and Eve niche, caused the fall of humanity. In contrast, Christ (in the Trial of Jesus) can be seen as the new Adam—one who sacrifices himself in order to redeem humanity.
Significantly, some of the poses we encounter in the sarcophagus's scenes are derived from Roman visual symbols. For example, Christ Enthroned (in the top center) is modeled on the Roman adlocutio (Roman emperor addressing the people—see the comparison with the scene on the Arch of Constantine), while Christ's Entry to Jerusalem is inspired by the imperial theme of adventus (Roman emperor's formal arrival to the city and his welcome; see the panel with Marcus Aurelius for comparison). The use of the aristocratic or imperial Roman visual vocabulary is appropriate here for two reasons. First of all, Bassus, who had close ties to senate, emphasizes this connection and therefore his social standing. Second, this is already a post-313 CE artwork, when the emperors ruling in Constantinople are Christian (to the regret of conservative pagan aristocracy in Rome). Therefore, it is appropriate to model Christ on the Roman emperor since now the Emperor is Christian. Such comparison would be hugely offensive in the pre-313 years, when Christianity was illegal or actively combated. This is why, in the catacombs and other pre-313 CE artworks Christ is shown as a poor shepherd at the periphery of the empire–just like many of his adherents at that time.
Note on style: the figures are sculpted in a typically late antique style: more simplified, blocky, but still very much modeled on the nudes of antiquity. For example you can compare Adam and Eve with the reliefs from column of Trajan or the Hadrianic roundels from the Arch of Constantine.
Sarcophagus of Constantina represents yet another type of early Christian funerary art, one fit for the imperial family. This sarcophagus was placed in the center of a large round mausoleum built for Constantina, daughter of Emperor Constantine and a devout Christian. The sarcophagus is massive in size: 128 cm high, 233 cm long, and 157 wide, carved entirely out of porphyry (exceptionally hard and difficult stone to work, mined only in Mt. Sinai in Egypt). Since the time of Augustus, the use of porphyry and the color purple was reserved by law only for the imperial family. By choosing the purple stone Constantina's sarcophagus is very much tied to the Roman imperial tradition.
What about the subject matter? The sarcophagus, in fact, shows no conspicuous Christian message and is decorated with scenes of winged putti harvesting grapes to make wines, framed by acanthus scrolls. This type of imagery was a common decorative trope already in Pompeian houses and could easily be interpreted within the Greco-Roman tradition as Bacchus and the harvest. Christians, however, could associate both the purple color and grape-harvesting with the wine of the Eucharist, as well as Christ himself (who called himself a true vine in John 15:1). Similarly the peacocks could be seen as symbols of eternal life in paradise or sheep as members of the Christian flock, again based on biblical references.
Such Christian interpretation, however, would require knowledge of the scripture and therefore would not be available to an average pagan viewer. In fact, if we did not know who the patron was, her religious identity would be questionable. But, this ambiguity significantly indicates that Constantina's royal identity took precedence, at least in the public realm, over her Christian identity. Positioning herself in the Roman imperial lineage, she made more conservative choices than Junius Bassus. Again, the Roman aristocracy was only slowly converting in the mid-fourth century—most were still pagan and Constantine's conversion would already be a big shock.
Only one "church," a meeting place for Christians celebrating the Eucharist, survives from the period before Christianity's legalization (pre-313 CE). The building was discovered in a Roman military and trading town called Dura Europos (modern day Syria), situated on the peripheries of the empire and on the borderline with Sasanian Persia. In 256 CE, the town was attacked by Persians, captured and soon abandoned. In preparation of the attack, inhabitants hastily filled the defense-walls with gravel and sand. This action preserved the majority of wall paintings and décor of the various buildings until the town's rediscovery in 1920s and 1930s. The excavators who conducted the study were amazed to find such a vibrant and varied array of religious paintings in Jewish, Christian, and pagan temples.
One of such exceptional findings was a regular Roman style house along the defense wall. Due to its interior décor, it has been identified as one of the earliest discovered churches to date. The building was small and looked pretty much like a typical house since Christianity was illegal at the time. If Dura had survived after 313 this meager building would have been replaced with a much more impressive structure. The best-preserved part of the complex is the baptistery room (a place with a font used for baptism). The paintings covering its walls are rather crude compared to the ones in the neighboring pagan temple and a synagogue. This suggests that Dura's Christian community was probably poorer and, therefore, unable to afford more skilled artisans. Yet, in terms of style, the murals take on the typical late Roman/late antique aesthetic with an emphasis on gesture, frontality, outlined silhouettes, and bold simple colors.
The wall paintings on the sides focus on the life of Christ and his miraculous events (Christ and Peter walking on water, Christ healing paralytic, Maries visiting tomb of Christ), all of which send a positive message for converts. Note, however, that all viewers had to be familiar with the Scriptures in order to interpret the scenes. The most interesting, but worst preserved painting appears in the arch above the baptismal font. It shows an image of the good shepherd carrying a sheep on his shoulders surrounded by his flock—which reinforces the borrowed symbolism discussed earlier.
Below the Good Shepherd, one can barely notice a tree flanked by two silhouetted figures that represent Adam and Eve. Paired with the good shepherd, it is the earliest instance of typology used in visual art. This is especially significant since this is a poor community far from large cities—showing the breadth of this imagery across long distances.
Even more surprising, however, was the discovery of a synagogue in the same town. Synagogue (from Greek meaning to gather together) was a place of assembly for Jews and not a house of God (the House of God was the Temple of Solomon in Jerusalem). The Dura Synagogue was situated nearby along the same defense wall as the Christian building, but was much more elaborate and grand, indicating that the Jewish community was larger and wealthier than the Christian one (also Judaism was legal, so they could afford more prominence).
Shocking the archaeologists who excavated the synagogue, its main room used for housing of the Torah (first 5 books of the Hebrew Scriptures) was entirely covered with images. Until then, scholars thought that Jewish culture was aniconic (does not accept images in agreement with one of Mosaic Commandments). Here, however, very skillfully executed frescoes were arranged on the walls in three bands of fifty-eight individual scenes. They portray a variety of themes such as narratives of Jewish heroes (Crossing of the Red Sea, Drowning of the Pharaoh) and scenes of liturgical significance (Menorah in the Temple of Solomon, Temple of Aaron). All images are based on the Hebrew Bible and drawn from books of Genesis, Exodus, Samuel, Kings, Esther, and Ezekiel. The Dura images are the earliest discovered Jewish paintings to date.
Moses at the Well Giving Water to 12 Tribes of Israel is an example of a narrative scene that is meant to show God's protection of the chosen people. Similar to the images in the baptistery the message is positive and encourages devotion. The paintings of single figures with upraised arms represent each tribe are also late Roman/late antique in terms of style: the figures are frontal, hieratic in scale, and rather flat. Devoid of action, the viewer focuses on the message, which they can identify with ease. Importantly, the creator uses both Jewish and Roman pictorial traditions. For example, a Corinthian portico frames a menorah and Moses is shown as a combination of an Old Testament patriarch (bearded, traditionally associated with Jewish men) and a Roman patrician (only Roman aristocracy could wear a toga). This indicates that the Duran Jewish community was well acquainted with the Roman cultural traditions and saw them as fitting to represent both the menorah and Moses.
In addition, this period was a time of serious religious competition. In this small peripheral town, there are more than ten religious communities to choose from! It was important to proclaim the community's identity, its history, and the power of the deity in order to keep members from leaving and potentially attract new ones. These beautiful images with their positive messages were part of this effort. More specifically, the Christian images come from the Old Testament, linking the relatively new religion to the more established religion of Judaism. The synagogue is decorated profusely with figural imagery in order to express the Jewish identity and keep the community's members from converting to other religions.
After Christianity's legalization, the fourth and fifth centuries were the formative period of church architecture. This early experimentation resulted in adoption of the basilica plan, a design derived from secular Roman examples that has still influences Christian architecture until this day. The Church of Santa Sabina is the quintessential example of the mature basilica type. Standard basilica design includes three clearly basic units: a nave, two aisles, and an apse that were useful for Christian purposes. The nave and aisles could be easily extended longitudinally as well as laterally to accommodate the growing community. The focal placement of the apse (originally a place for the statue of the Roman emperor) helped to direct attention to the most important part of the church, where the Eucharist was performed. In addition, the basilica type was devoid of references to pagan cults since it was a secular building. This made it particularly fitting for the adoption by Christianity.
Unlike Roman or Greek temples, Christian churches were plain on the outside (typically a brick exterior) and represented a spiritual heavily space on the inside, covered with colorful marble, sparkling mosaics of precious stones, glass, and gold. The Christian church uses columns to support its interior, and are typically made from spolia (reused materials) sourced from abandoned pagan temples. In these churches, Christians introduced brick arches instead of horizontal architraves (solid piers of square form). Although the use of arches can be seen in Diocletian's palace in Split, Christian architecture popularized the practice and turned it into a fundamental characteristic of ecclesiastical constructions. In sum, while the design of Santa Sabina was inspired by Roman architecture, the early Christians did not merely copy it, but consciously adapted and altered it according to their needs.
Like Christians, Jews also built places of worship based on the model of Roman basilica. Beth Alpha Synagogue is a typical Jewish temple from the region of greater Syro-Palestine. Using the basilica plan, this synagogue had a central nave with an apse to display the Torah, aisles on both sides, and a line of columns. The orientation of the building mattered as the apse with the Torah shrine had to be directed towards Jerusalem (Christian churches' apse were directed to the East). Unfortunately, Beth Alpha synagogue, like the majority of Jewish and Christian houses of worship, suffered during the centuries of Islamic rule in the region. As of now, only the outline of the walls and the floor were preserved, covered by sand.
The mosaic floor, however, is one of the most outstanding examples of late antique Jewish art. Most of its design is geometric, but three main panels in the nave are filled with figures, symbols, and narrative scenes. The floor is divided into three registers. The topmost, and closest to the Torah shrine, is the metaphysical realm that depicts symbols appropriate to be in the vicinity of the Torah shrine. It shows a Torah shrine and a variety of ritual objects such as a lulav (a palm frond) and a shofar (a ram's horn) protected by growling lions. The celestial realm in the middle of the floor depicts the Graeco-Roman deity Helios (sun-god) surrounded by a palette of zodiac signs that imply perpetual continuity and the cyclical changing of the seasons (whose personifications are depicted in the four corners). The presence of late Roman deities and a zodiac indicate that this community was comfortable with Roman culture. In fact, the names of the two artists (Marianos and Hanina) and date are inscribed in both Aramaic and Greek, indicating that some of the members of the synagogue could not read Aramaic, which was the main language of the local Jewish population. The community of Beth Alpha seems to exemplify the more "relaxed" Judaism, which allowed Graeco-Roman motifs and figurative imagery over purely geometric motifs. Another synagogue discovered nearby belonged probably to what we may call "conservative" or "orthodox" community, since its mosaic floor is covered exclusively with geometric designs.
The third register depicts a terrestrial realm showing the Biblical story of Abraham Sacrificing Isaac. This example further shows that Jews, Christians, and pagans shared the late antique style that emphasized ease of image-comprehension. The animals are shown in profile, humans are frontal, exaggerated gestures are the focus of the action, and figures are flat (outlined silhouettes filled with single color).
Is the placement of the Torah on the floor sacrilegious? The Torah allowed images as long as they were not worshipped. Through the placement on the floor, this Jewish community demonstrated that they were not worshipping the image itself (idolatry). In this aspect, the Jews differed from Christians, who actually banned representations of crosses on the floors so that they were not treaded upon. In sum, Beth Alpha synagogue shows imagery and architecture strongly rooted in both Hellenic and Christian symbolism—indicating cultural sophistication and assimilation of the Syro-Palestinian Jews in late antiquity.
*I encourage you to use the term "social standing" and not "class" in the second theme. This is important, since Marx used this term to describe the structure of the twentieth-century society while the late antique society was structured in a different way. For example, being a Roman slave does not translate easily into a working class individual (the spectrum of slave's well-being varied tremendously: in addition to the common view of impoverished, abused individual, which was certainly true for many, some slaves were even wealthier than their masters, many were quite independent), also patricians are not equivalent to the upper class.
At the End of Class...
Further Resources
Smarthistory on Early Christian Art and Jewish Art


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Although the chocolate peppermint almond milk is no longer on the shelves, there are still some delicious things you can pick up at Trader Joe's. I can't wait to share my monthly Trader Joe's favorites with you every month in 2017. Here are my picks for January.
Southwest salad
Trader Joe's has the best grab and go salads of any grocery store. My current favorite salad right now is the southwest salad. It has 200 calories, with dressing, and is packed full of delicious veggies. I love to add avocado to it for a bit more protein.
Chocolate chip waffles
I think every month will include a chocolate treat, because I love it so much. The frozen chocolate chip waffles are no exception. They taste like dessert for breakfast, but they can also be eaten as dessert. Honestly, these would make the perfect bottom to an ice cream sundae. All you have to do is pop them in the toaster. I topped mine with bananas and maple syrup.
Chocolate coconut milk ice cream
If you are a vegan, you will love this ice cream alternative. Who am I kidding? I am not vegan and I love this stuff. It's the perfect pint to keep in your freezer and take a couple of bites when you need that chocolate fix after dinner.
Tarrazu coffee
Although I don't drink coffee, Colton does. Now that he works from home, we keep it stocked at our house to get him through the day. Trader Joe's is the perfect place to find coffee, since they have flavors from all across the globe. You can even grind your beans right in the store, so it stays fresh. The Tarrazu is a delicious Costa Rican medium-dark roast full of flavor and perfect for your morning coffee fix.
Lavender hand and body lotion
One of my parents gifted me the lavender hand and body lotion for Christmas and I have been obsessed with it ever since. I put it on before bed because lavender is relaxing. My skin feels incredibly soft when I wake up in the morning.
To read previous Trader Joe's favorites, check out the archive.
Have you tried any of these January Trader Joe's favorites? Leave me a comment below.


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It's been a helluva week trying to learn how to negotiate the Supreme Court system and I'm drowning in paperwork to such a degree that I haven't had much energy to attend to my very important piece of ephemeral space here.
I made the decision not to think about law today and now, suddenly, I have lots to say!
Most of you who are my FB friends know that C's father is dragging me to court in a huge tantrum of throwing his toys out of the pram.
But I'm not thinking about that today. Instead I've caught up on my lovely friends.
Isn't it wonderful that we can open up our pc and find lovely people to visit with? Here are some you might love as much as I do.
My friend Pamela wrote the loveliest little Halloween story in two parts. I absolutely devoured part one and then couldn't find time for part two till today. It is so charming and very worth the read.
My friend Jeannine has the greatest sense of humour and I can't help myself. I
stalk follow her Momaiku blog every day. Nothing like a teenage son pushing a mom's buttons to bring out the inner snarky poet.
My friend Julie breathed a sigh of relief now that the American elections are over and I have to say that I agree with her. I've never been so
deeply concerned, freaked out, frightened, involved in another country's politics before, and I've never heard my 20yr old daughter talk so much about women's rights, misogyny and oppression before.
So many of my friends have been at opposite poles it's been painful to try to support them all. And some people have def. not been playing nice with the other kiddies. I've read so much vindictiveness and hatred on new media these past few days. I'm sure you have too. But I have the antidote to that! My friend Bolton Carley has started the most wonderful Blessed Turkey Project on Facebook. The idea is to post a little line or two each day to say what you are grateful for. It's been a relief to read down the gentle posts, and a reminder that there are all these lovely people using new media; people who I have yet to meet and look forward to getting to know a little better. Come join us, you'll probably feel good too.
My friend Celi is writing away with the rest of us NaNoWriMo crazies and it's lovely to stop by her farmy and feel how daily life just carries on despite the ups and downs and sore pigs, skunked dogs or temperamental cows, life just keeps happening.
And a book I ordered thru Amazon arrived. One of my favorite poets, Carol Ann Duffy's children's book The Princess Blanket, illustrated by one of my favorite artists Catherine Hyde. It's the most exquisitely beautiful book I've seen since I bought my friend Jackie Morris' Tell Me a Dragon, The Snow Bear and The Snow Leopard last summer.
And in my post box, four letters from new friends! (Part of my good mail club) So looking forward to writing back today.
And finally my very new friend RaRaSaur, (whose name I don't know yet), writes a clever post about blog etiquette and the battle between the ocean of opinions and the rocks standing firm against the waves. Consequently, today I am happy to be an insignificant little piece of seaweed floating on the great big ocean of life, getting gently rolled by the waves, wrapped around a rock here or there only to be set free by the next wave and carried to a new place.
Everyone needs a day like today I bet. One day to recharge, catch up, rest and breathe life back into the soul.
Think about taking one soon my gentle, pink-hearted friends.


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Prebaking makes the tofu appealingly chewy, allows it to absorb the marinade more effectively, and reduces sticking and crumbling on the grill. Golden raisins in the rice pilaf are a sweet balance to the intense spices in the tandoori marinade.
How to Make It
Preheat oven to 375°.
Arrange tofu in a single layer on a foil-lined baking sheet coated with cooking spray. Bake at 375° for 25 minutes or until tofu releases 3 or more tablespoons liquid.
Prepare grill.
Combine chopped onion and next 8 ingredients (through garlic) in a large bowl. Add tofu, mushrooms, and onion wedges; toss gently to coat. Let stand at room temperature 30 minutes.
While tofu and vegetables marinate, prepare rice. Bring water to a boil in a medium saucepan; stir in rice. Cover, reduce heat, and simmer 15 minutes or until liquid is absorbed. Stir in raisins and 1/4 teaspoon salt. Let stand 5 minutes; fluff with a fork.
Remove tofu and vegetables from bowl; discard marinade. Thread tofu cubes, mushrooms, and onion wedges alternately onto 8 (6-inch) skewers. Lightly coat kebabs with cooking spray; sprinkle with remaining 3/4 teaspoon salt. Place kebabs on grill rack coated with cooking spray; grill 4 minutes on each side or until lightly browned. Serve with rice.
The Vegetarian Grill


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Diros Caves Greece
Ancient mystery surrounds Stoupa, so make sure you visit the famous Diros Caves. Journey 45 kilometres from Stoupa and you'll find the mysterious Diros Caves. As you travel through the caves' narrow passageways by boat, you'll pass the many spectacular stalagmite and stalactite formations.
Back in ancient times, the caves were inhabited and had many different uses including a cemetery, workshop, place of worship, shelter and storage area for goods. When the caves were discovered back in 1958, a number of skeletons were found. It was later discovered that an earthquake had trapped the cave's inhabitants inside, and their skeletons remain there today.
You'll also be able to wander around a number of displays which will give you a further glimpse into the history of the Diros Caves.


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US Launches Effort to Support Muslim Entrepreneurs Around the World
This is the VOA Special English Development Report, from voaspecialenglish.com | facebook.com/voalearningenglish The Obama administration has launched the first in a series of projects to support entrepreneurs in Muslim communities worldwide. The Global Entrepreneurship Program will provide advice and other help for businesses to succeed. Partnerships between public and private organizations aim to assist with everything from securing financing to writing a business plan. The first project is being launched in Egypt. A second project in Indonesia is expected to follow soon. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton talked about the programs at a Presidential Summit on entrepreneurship. She said: "Now these initiatives comprise a first wave of programs to promote global entrepreneurship. But they reflect the Obama administration's commitment to a new approach to development -- one based on investment, not aid. On supporting local leadership and ideas, rather than imposing our own." More than two hundred fifty people attended the two-day summit meeting held in Washington in late April. Most were from majority Muslim countries. President Obama promised to hold a summit on entrepreneurship in his speech to the Islamic world last June in Cairo. He says the business market is the most powerful force for economic growth and lifting people out of poverty. He also says entrepreneurship is an area where countries can learn from each other. Tim Kane is with the Ewing Marion Kaufman Foundation, a nonprofit in the United States that works to increase entrepreneurship worldwide. He says the World Bank has found that simpler rules and other regulatory reforms make it easier to do business in the Middle East. The Global Entrepreneurship Program in Egypt will create several partnerships between American and Egyptian groups. These include the Egyptian Junior Business Association and the American University in Cairo. The United States Agency for International Development has a team of entrepreneurs in Egypt to supervise the program. The Obama administration plans to expand the program to twelve countries within the next two years. And that's the VOA Special English Development Report. Transcripts, MP3s and podcasts are at voaspecialenglish.com. We're also on Facebook, Twitter, YouTube and iTunes at VOA Learning English. (Adapted from a radio program broadcast 10May 2010)


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Last Day to Get Paper Pumpkin!
Today is the last day to subscribe to Paper Pumpkin and get the July kit!
This kit coordinates with 3 different suites in the new annual catalog--Come Sail Away, Woven Threads, and Garden Lane. I love Stampin' Up!'s coordination! It contains 9 mailable cards (with envelopes) --3 designs.
You can get this kit two different ways:
1. Subscribe to a month to month kit at $22 a month. You can control how many kits you get, suspend it if you think you won't like the kit, cancel at any time.
2. Purchase a prepaid kit. These are available as a single kit, 3-months, 6-months, and 12-months. With the 6 months and 12 months, you save! Purchase the 12 months and you pay for 11 months and get the 12th free! If you purchase at least a 6-month subscription right now, you'll also earn Bonus Bucks!
By subscribing to Paper Pumpkin, you also have access to past Paper Pumpkin kits (if available)
FYI: although the prepaid kit looks cheaper ($21 vs $22), the month to month kit includes shipping but you have to pay shipping (min. $6.95) on a prepaid kit.
If you do purchase a prepaid kit, Stampin' Up! will send you an email with an activation code. You MUST set up an account using that activation code before 11:50 pm MT to get the July kit! They will ask you for a credit card (you will not be charged because you have already paid in advance) to facilitate continuing should you so choose once your prepaid is over!
Product List


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Hi Friends! Welcome to Episode Six of the Reaching Hurting Women Podcast: A Contemplative Path of Recovery where we are learning new and healthy ways of coping with our daily struggles. My name is Tamara and I'll be your host.
With the healing power of the Holy Spirit as our guide, we are integrating the traditional 12 Step Recovery principles with Benedictine Spirituality and other contemplative practices which we will be learning and discussing each week. It's my hope to have a new podcast each Monday to discuss our theme of the week on ReachingHurtingWomen.com
This week our theme topic is: Silence
Silence and Solitude, walking hand in hand like best friends; are almost inseparable companions on the Christian contemplative path. As silence is vital to make solitude a reality, so solitude is necessary to make the discipline of silence complete. While it seems impossible to find meaningful silence without solitude, silence will be our focus today.
Words, words, words! They are everywhere! They surround the scope of our existence. From freeway billboards, radio and television commercials, merchant and street signage, cars wrapped with the latest energy drink advertisement to tempt your taste buds, even most casual clothing is promoting some message.
Then there's the monkey that chatters incessantly in our mind reminding us of the grocery list needed on the way home; the ear worm sings the lyrics from the undesired tune overheard blaring from the car next to you at the last street intersection; maybe it's the negative self-talk that's been continuously in your head for a lifetime…This plethora of words dilutes their value to the point of overload!
Just as our physical bodies need rest and sleep to recharge, our mind and spirit need silence. Most people in our modern world don't know how to be silent. In fact, many are uncomfortable, even afraid of silence.
But silence is frightening. It has a way of stripping us like nothing else, down to the reality of life that we are desperate to avoid. Silence leaves us face to face with God and ourselves.
When I was living in my addiction, really most of my life up until I began working on sobriety in 2004, I was unable to endure silence of any kind. I kept the radio or television going at all times. I even went to sleep with the TV on. I wasn't really aware that I was doing it until I got sober and didn't need the distractions anymore.
As I grew more secure in my relationship with God, working the 12 Steps, and getting to the root causes of my need to escape from reality, I was able to relax in the silence. The more time I spent in silence, the more I wanted. And now silence is my preference. Cultivating interior silence will douse the endless racing thoughts, the list making, future planning, past regretting monkey mind that chatters on.
What is your relationship with silence? Check your daily routine. How much do you depend on noise to keep you company? To drown out the voices in your mind; to keep you from dealing with the convictions of the Holy Spirit?
If you are interested in making a change, start small during your morning devotion. To spend five minutes in real interior silence it may take you another five minutes to reach the place of quiet, to clear your mind and become comfortable. So five minutes of real silence takes 10 minutes in all.
Then bring the silent sanctuary with you through your day. Try taking a walk and actually listen to the birds sing. Drive to work without the radio on in your car. I think in time you will be pleasantly surprised, maybe like me you will grow to find silence your preference.
When we are able to be in silence, we are more available to hear God's still, quiet voice. When we are able to sit in the silence of contemplation, our own words will have more value.
Don't let your fear of the unknown rule you. Silence is not your enemy, but a great friend. As we worked Step One we discovered our powerlessness and nothingness before God. Entering into the silence of His presence we are filled with the fullness of His being, and will find the needed strength to take on our day. A heart that is steeped in God can be freed from the clamoring of selfish desires and find the healing in holy silence.
I hope you will take an opportunity to learn more about the spiritual discipline of silence. You will find a variety of resources in today's show notes and also in the daily postings this week on ReachingHurtingWomen.com.
Thanks for joining me today on The Reaching Hurting Women Podcast: A Contemplative Path of Recovery where we are learning new and healthy ways of coping with our daily struggles. As always I look forward to hearing from you. Until next time, may the grace and peace of God be yours.
The Way of the Heart: Connecting with God Through Prayer, Wisdom, and Silence by Henri J.M. Nouwen
Finding Sanctuary: Monastic Steps for Everyday Life by Abbot Christopher Jamison*
The Path of Life by Cyprian Smith OSB
The Rule of Benedict Edited by Timothy Fry, OSB
The Oblate Life Edited by Gervase Holdaway OSB


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Expat view on living in Singapore
Overall, I still think it has been a great move for us as a family. I can't think of any time in our lives that we could use domestic help more than with two little boys underfoot and I've been able to stay home and raise them myself. It is such a blessing to see all the firsts and experience the wonder of babies turning into little boys. We have all gotten to travel more than we ever expected (and still hope to do lots more) and expose both kids to new cultures and languages. Whether they retain anything or not, they should both be able to speak Mandarin much better as adults having heard it frequently as children while they can still distinguish intonations that older ears can't hear. We get to spend our weekends exploring, playing, or relaxing as a family because there is little yard work or housework requiring our attention. We have made friends from all corners of the world, eaten (and become addicted) to food I'd never even heard of before, and learned the geography and history of the Southeast Asian region that seems largely ignored in the US.
Here are some of our favorite things about Singapore (in no particular order):
- - Great transportation – taxis 24 hours a day, buses, subways…it's easy to get around. Unless it's raining.
- - ERP (electronic road pricing) in every single car. Many popular roads are toll roads at certain hours of the day but there are no toll booths, only tall gantries over the road that charges your card without slowing down traffic. The drawback is that you have to have a cash card with funds inserted into the reader or you get a ticket, meaning you have to remember to take the card out and go to a 7-11 to add money before you park or drive through a gantry. Let's just say I've gotten a few tickets.
- - Smart parking garages! The parking is also paid by the ERP so you never have to wait in line to get out or dig around for cash. Most garages also have signs indicating how many open spots are on each level and even red or green lights over each space so you can look down an aisle and see if anything is available.
- - No weather forecast. It's like Groundhog Day…every day you look out the window and know it will be hot, sunny, and might rain. No guessing, no seasonal wardrobes, no bundling kids up to go outside.
- - Grocery delivery. Free! Daily!
- - Fresh seafood everywhere. Mostly shellfish, which I love.
- - Full-service gas stations. Asians are NOT do it yourself people. In cases like this, it's really nice. Other times, not so much (read below)
- - Beautiful, lush greenery everywhere. I've always compared Singapore to Manhattan mixed with Honolulu. Think big, densely populated city with huge trees and beautiful landscaping (minus the beaches and mountains, unfortunately).
- - Fantastic restaurants. There are more than we could possibly visit here but we love to explore and find interesting new places. Very few are chains so they're all unique and many are outdoors. I am thrilled about a Chili's that is opening soon, though, so I still love my good ole American chains!
- - Hawker stands. The Singapore version of fast food without the drive-thru. You can get a great meal for $3 US dollars. I had no idea how much I loved noodles and how many varieties exist.
- - Full-time domestic help. It's very well regulated here so the maids have a nice life and a large community to gather with on their days off.
- - Skype! Every expat lives for the webcam calls back home.
- - The expatriate community. Singapore encourages workers from other countries to bring their expertise here so there is a huge community of expats from all over the world. It doesn't feel so far away from home when you can still celebrate your own holidays with fellow Americans.
- But everything has its downside:
- - Our families and friends are 10,000 miles away. That's not a weekend trip and it's very expensive. We have to compress all our time together into a few short weeks at the end of the year.
- - There is a 13 or 14 hour time difference between Houston and Singapore.
- - We only have one car so I've had to adjust to life with 2 kids and public transportation most of the time.
- - Singaporeans are NOT do-it-yourselfers. There is no Home Depot or Lowe's here where you can find all kinds of hardware or yard equipment. You have to call a contractor or handyman who knows which tiny store carries what you need and then pay him to do it. That's the complete opposite of a Texan! And no one has pickup trucks so you have to call another handyman to move your big items. Singaporeans also don't like to fix things, just patch them up. Really irritating when I look at all the leaks in this house. Things are made of brick and concrete here so it's a little more complicated to look inside the walls compared to sheetrock.
- - Mailboxes are one way. You have to go look for outgoing mail at a drop box somewhere other than where you receive your mail.
- - There are no outlets in the bathrooms here and very few in the rest of the house. Do locals not like to plug things in?
- - Drivers are terrible. Not angry and crazy like Houston drivers, but pretty ignorant and dangerous here. And taxis will stop on a dime on any street so drivers have to be much more alert.
- - Groceries and alcohol are very expensive. It still hurts to pay 2 or 3 times what we'd pay back home for the same things, but we've found local alternatives to several of our favorites and we consider ourselves lucky that we can find our favorite orange juice and cereal most of the time.
- - There is construction EVERYWHERE. It's noisy. It blocks roads. It's 24 hours a day. But thank goodness we no longer live on the edge of a high-rise condo under construction! I have enjoyed the quiet in this house every day.
Overall, we love Singapore and have had a great two years here. The time has really flown by, mostly thanks to our wonderful friends here who have shared in our lives and our children's lives. We have met some unforgettable people and thank goodness many of them will also be returning to the Houston area eventually so we'll get to stay in touch down the road. This marks our original halfway point in our overseas adventure and we look forward to what the next few years have in store for our little family!


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So, I'm participating in marvel_bang as an artist and writer this year and I am so very excited because for once in a long, long time, I'm working on a story I genuinely like and am excited to see properly finished and illustrated.
So, on the off chance I still have anyone on my f-list and any of you are artists even remotely interested in doing art for a Marvel-character-based fic, run over to marvel_bang to sign up to be an artist and go claim a story. There's a great assortment of fics available for all tastes and interests!


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View Lyrics for Apple Music With the Musixmatch Widget on iOS
I wrote about the Musixmatch widget last year, noting how its integration with the iOS media player and Notification Center was "too good to pass up":
Here's how it works: start playing a song in Apple's Music app, open Notification Center, and Musixmatch will show you synced lyrics that follow the song you're listening to. If you're used to the traditional Musixmatch experience (in the iOS app or one of their desktop integrations, such as Spotify), you'll recognize the service's display of lyrics and timeliness – only as a widget on iOS.
I was listening to some playlists on Apple Music today and, to my surprise, the widget is already compatible with any song streamed from the service without an update required. Simply install Musixmatch, put its widget in Notification Center, and play a song in the new Music app. Musixmatch will match the song with its large database of officially licensed song lyrics, and upon opening Notification Center you'll have to wait a second for the lyrics to load and be displayed in real time alongside the currently playing song. No setup, no search or music ID required.
If you care about song lyrics like I do, this is a great user experience, especially because it works out of the box. I wonder if Apple will eventually add built-in lyrics to Apple Music, but, until that time, the Musixmatch widget is a handy addition to the service.


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Contact Lenses and Eye Care
Sorry. We could not find the page or product you are looking for.
Please check the URL or go back to homepage to navigate.
You can also search or refine using the search text box on this page.
Johnson & Johnson Acuvue Bifocal
Bausch & Lomb SofLens One Day 90 Pack
CIBA Vision Durasoft 2 Lite Tint


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Countries websites
Thematic websites
The Walloon Government validated a vast project aimed at modernizing and expanding the road traffic center of the Walloon Region, including the management of river traffic.
Egis will design the new computer system of PEREX 4.0, centre for road operations and waterways in the Walloon region.
Egis will be responsible for the functional analysis aspect of the new PEREX centre and in doing so confirm its leadership in Road Operations Centres and River Information Systems.


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It is the New Year, which is officially "Resolution Season." Case in point: January is by far the most popular month to join a fitness club, and your local gym will likely see up to a 50% uptick in utilization this month. But do not worry – if you are reading this while you wait for an elliptical to open up, by mid February almost 80% of those who joined in January will be gone (source).
Why? Because if wishes were horses, then beggars would ride.
Wishes are not resolutions, and even resolutions are not SMART Goals. Wishes are things we want to happen. "I wish I had a teleporter." Sure, life would be easier with a teleporter – then I wouldn't even need a horse! Sadly, sans genie, the laws of physics are seriously impeding the likelihood of my wish being fulfilled.
Resolutions are a good place to start. Let's take a common one: I Resolve To Lose 10 Pounds This Year. Resolve to achieve a goal (lose 10 pounds). Set a benchmark (target weight = current weight minus 10 pounds). Work toward it (Ugh). Resolutions can also be intimidating, overwhelming, isolating, or simply too complex to achieve.
Consider trading in your New Year's Resolutions for a SMART Goal.
SMART Goals are a way of re-framing your resolution into something that is: Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Realistic (or Relevant), and Time-Bound. By breaking a resolution into its specific parts and pieces one can begin to evaluate each component of the SMART Goal, track progress, adjust course as necessary, and eventually achieve the goal.
Want to super-charge your SMART Goal? Couple your SMART Goal with some type of social connection. At minimum, share your goal, and have a loved one or co-workers help hold you accountable. Even better: connect your actions to other people in a social manner. We achieve more when we work with, and are connected to, others. Don't endeavor to lose 10 pounds. Endeavor to join a spin class with a friend, attend 3 sessions every week, and meet at least one new person a week in the group for 2 months. That is how to lose 10 pounds!
The Pleistocene's greatest culinary achievement, BBQ'd mastodon, was not achieved by a lone hunter and a rock. It was a group effort. Find your tribe – they will help you achieve your SMART Goal. And when you do bring down the mastodon, remember how to eat an elephant: one bite at a time (and with a lot of friends). You can always get back together to work it off at your next spin class.
Happy New Year, Good luck, and Great Social SMART Goal Setting!
Jake Weld, M. Ed. is the Director of Admissions and Business Development for Mansfield Hall, a college support program with locations in Madison, WI, Eugene, OR and Burlington, VT.


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How to Become a Professional Mediator
A mediator is a professional who is hired to help parties resolve disputes and avoid litigation. A mediator advises all parties during a mediation process and prepares settlement agreements for review by the relevant courts, where the agreements are typically turned into court orders. Unlike judges, mediators do not make decisions in cases; they simply help parties reach an agreement among themselves. Many mediators have legal backgrounds, but others come to the field with expertise in areas in which they can make informed decisions in settling disputes. They may help resolve conflicts involving labor and management issues; healthcare disputes or international conflicts.
Earn a bachelor's degree from an accredited academic institution. Psychology, social work, and public policy or public administration are all useful undergraduates degrees for mediators, but mediators come from all backgrounds.
Work in your chosen field for several years to gain experience. Once you are a well-established professional with a breadth of knowledge in your field, you are ready to move ahead toward becoming a mediator.
Earn a master's degree in mediation or take the coursework necessary to earn the certificates or diplomas in mediation as required by your state, county or city. Some jurisdictions also require arbitrators and mediators to be licensed.
Apply for mediator positions at city, county, state and federal courts in your area. Some mediators are also employed by professional organizations and private companies to help settle disputes, particularly in the construction and insurance industries.
- Although you don't have to have a degree to work as a mediator in many settings, in most cases you need a bachelor's degree and some form of certification to work as a mediator in the state or federal court system.
Photo Credits
- Comstock Images/Comstock/Getty Images


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For durable and fast arrows, composite arrow shafts made of composite materials can be performance tested for impact resistance.
Impact testers are used by drilling companies to test drill bits made by diamonds and other hard materials to drill quickly and effectively.
The CEAST 9350 is able to test how football helmets reacts to shocks from impacts by simulating force and other impacts that can happen on the field.
In order to impact test the grips on golf clubs, imitate the impact of the club and the golf ball to calculate the energy moved towards the grips and absorbed.
With a CEAST 9350 and High Energy test instrument, steel hand tool manufacturers can test the result of impact, whether or not it is intended for impact.
A CEAST 9350 can simulate surgical conditions that require high performance medical tools that are placed under various impacts throughout the procedure.
The success of saw blades is determined by the type, number, and quality of teeth on the saw, and the CEAST 9350 can test the impact on the teeth.
Among popular shooting sports, shotgun events use shells containing plastic wadding that needs to be impact testing to ensure proper reactions.
The outsole of soccer shoes can be tested with a CEAST 9350 drop tower with an instrumented tup, which can simulate various impacts and types of fields.


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The world's first wearable tech nail that doubles up as a phone has been unveiled by mobile operator O2, claiming to let users literally "talk to the hand".
Developed in collaboration with inventor Sean Miles and beauty brand Nails inc, the prototype Mobile Nail contains embedded technology that allows it to operate as a mobile "handset".
The idea is that users can talk to their friends by simply raising their finger to their face.
A miniature Bluetooth chip in the nail pairs with a mobile phone that can be stored away in a pocket or a bag, allowing the user to answer a call, play a song or redial the last dialled number by pressing a button on the nail.
"We are always looking ahead to the next developments in mobile and to be able to bridge the gap between fashion and tech is a really exciting challenge," said Nina Bibby from O2.
"People have been customizing mobile phones for years but this is the next step towards tech becoming part of how we decorate our bodies."
The Mobile Nail can be modified with different nail art designs, with a range of manicures exclusively designed by Nails inc to complement the look on the rest of the hand.
Customers will be able to take a call with the modified nail at the Nails Inc nail bar in Harvey Nichols, London, over the next week.


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American Council of Engineers Companies
The American Council of Engineering Companies (ACEC) is the voice of America's engineering industry. Council members – numbering more than 5,000 firms representing more than 500,000 employees throughout the country – are engaged in a wide range of engineering works that propel the nation's economy, and enhance and safeguard America's quality of life. These works allow Americans to drink clean water, enjoy a healthy life, take advantage of new technologies, and travel safely and efficiently. The Council's mission is to contribute to America's prosperity and welfare by advancing the business interests of member firms. ACEC's roots date back to 1909 when a small group of engineers in private practice established the American Institute of Consulting Engineers (AICE), the forerunner of ACEC. Today ACEC is a large federation of 51 state and regional councils representing the great breadth of America's engineering industry. ACEC member firms employ hundreds of thousands of engineers, architects, land surveyors, scientists, and other specialists, responsible for more than $200 billion of private and public works annually. Member firms range in size from a single registered professional engineer to corporations employing thousands of professionals.
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