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Song info
"I Must Be The Devil" Videos
I feel low as I can go
I can't show, nor let go
Ohh, I feel that?
I feel that?
I feel that, now
I must be the Devil, baby
Whoa, better not let me catch onto you
Whoa, you better not let me, darling
Aww, Ohh drag you down into this old hole
Mama don't want to see you down there, too
Uhh uhh, no she don't, now
Well, I can't stop this evil feel
Do you want to make a deal?
I can't stop!
I can't stop!
I can't stop now
I must be the Devil, baby
Whoa, don't make no deals with me
Whoa, you don't want to make no deals, no you don't now
I've got a long list of broken souls
Well, it stretches far as your little eyes can see
Uhh huh, yes it do now
Well I can't bear to see my face
Wrong's done I can't erase
It's all wrong!
It's all wrong!
It's all wrong, now
Oh God! I must be the Devil, baby
Or I must just be out of my head
Oh yes, I must be out of my head, now
Mmm, well, I just don't seem to know, no more?
Whoa God!
Whoa God! You know?
Ohh God!
I wish I was dead
I wish I was, I really do
Ohh God!
I really do


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A tribute to Dan Gurney and Len Terry
Another Limited Edition Print from Elva Racing and artist Chris Dugan (overall print size 640mm x 450mm).
I suppose there have been thoughts of 'why?' on the official Elva site has Dunbar completely lost the plot?
Well there is an easy answer
The Eagle Gurney-Weslake remains probably the most beautiful GP/Indy car ever, Dan Gurney and his AAR Team are the result of a great and skilful driver with tremendous determination and commitment, and Len Terry has proved his undoubted design talent with a variety of outstanding racing and road-going cars. Then there is the 'Elva' connection, or perhaps to be totally accurate the combined efforts of Len Terry and Frank Nichols and their T.A.C. projects. Len and Frank plus a number of people previously involved with 'Elva' worked on the prototype Shelby Can Am car and then the prototype P126 for BRM now I can tell you are excited and you want to know more, so watch this space and I will explain with nice photos very soon.
Meanwhile, I have just a few of the superb EAGLE GURNEY-WESLAKE Prints signed by both Dan Gurney and Len Terry. Apart from being a wonderful picture, this is a rare and probably unique opportunity to obtain these two important signatures on the Print, and so contact me for full details. You will not be disappointed.
To Order
Artist-only signature - £12 (plus shipping and VAT)

subset: commoncrawl


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I keep getting notifications that my subscription will expire in a few days. Do I have to turn off automatic renewal to stop these notifications? They opo up every 10 minutes or so.
Please make sure you're on the latest version of VIPRE (184.108.40.206). Older versions are not aware of auto renewal and will notify you of the subscription expiring even if you have auto renewal enabled. If you're using an older version of VIPRE, you can update to the latest version by downloading and running this file:
I am running the version you listed. Is there anything else to try? Thanks.
If you're using the latest version of VIPRE and have auto renewal enabled, you should not receive these notifications. Looking up your account, I see you have now renewed. Has this stopped the notifications?
The Windows Security Center sometimes does not update properly and simply restarting the computer will usually solve the problem. Make sure to choose the option to Restart, not Shutdown. With Windows 10, the shutdown option will just enter a power save state instead of actually shutting down.
Thanks Nick, yep, performed a restart on all 3 of my pc's, and haven't had a renewal reminder since. Also Windows Security Centre now has a green tick in the Virus & threat protection with no actions needed.
Thanks again.
Sorry for not replying sooner. Yes, the notifications stopped after my renewal but not until a couple days after the renewal.


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Be a part of the Northern Gold Coast's newest foodie delight, due for completion in October 2019. Set up shop next door to anchor tenant Guzman y Gomez and other speciality food retailers at the heart of the region's fastest growing residential area. An extension of Homeworld Helensvale, this food destination is in the heart of a fast-growth, high-profile location.
Receive information about available tenancies straight to your inbox, by submitting your details below.


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I'm starting to get emails from authors requesting reviews. I keep on reading that authors must read as much as they write, and so I've said yes to a few requests. So many authors write about how they never read anymore as they're too busy writing. However, if nobody reads at all because they're all too busy with their job or hobby, then what's the point of writing books in the first place?
I've always enjoyed reading, but to be honest, only certain genres appeal to me. If you've got a fantasy or Sci-fi book, horror story, erotic or vampire novel or anything based in the future where characters are 'shifters' and have other-wordly names, then I'm afraid I'm not the reviewer for you. Also unfortunately I'm not too keen on detective novels/mysteries but some of these do appeal, usually the ones written by British authors (I don't understand some of the American vernacular).
I like to read autobiographies, women's fiction family dramas, contemporary romances and witty novels, coming-of-age stories, and psychological suspense/thrillers. If your book fits the bill then please send me an email (details below) and I will consider adding it to my TBR list. All I ask in return is that you sign up to my mailing list. The subscription form should automatically pop up on this WordPress blog – please let me know if it doesn't.
So… Stevie is going to read more. Apart from blogs, I'm all written out at the moment and what with going back to work as well, I feel that I've written enough to be getting on with. I've got it all out of my system, and when the inspiration strikes, then I'll write another novel. Until then I'm not going to worry about it. I'm going to type my clinic letters 2 days per week, write my blogs when I think of a subject, and sit on my decking when I can and read your lovely books on my Kindle!
Yes, I only want copies sent direct to my Kindle, but first I have to authorise your email address on my Amazon account before you can send it. So send me a request and details of your book to firstname.lastname@example.com (please put Review Request in the subject box), sign up to my mailing list if you'd be so kind, and we'll take it from there. When I've got enough books to be getting on with, I'll stop taking on any more until I've read them.
Hope to hear from you soon,
Regards, Stevie. x


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Oil Painting can be either extremely rewarding, or extremely daunting. The way I paint and can teach you how to oil paint, should help ease any troubles, and help you paint safely, and make a lasting painting. These are not hard-fast rules, but they work for me.
First understand the fat over lean, and quick under slow rules. Fat is oily, lean is not. Choose either Solvent-Free Medium from Gamblin, which is a fast drying safflower oil or use Drying Linseed Oil from Winsor & Newton. Choose one or the other, and stick with it throughout the painting, and add more medium for every subsequent layer. The first layer should have no medium at all, unless absolutely necessary.
Second, know which pigments dry quickest and which dry the slowest. Quick drying pigments should be used beneath the slow drying pigments. The fast drying pigments should be used for the beginning layers. Any colors that are labeled as PBr7 such as Raw Umber, Burnt Umber, Raw Sienna and Burnt Sienna are perfect. Yellow Ochre PY42, Manganese Violet PV16 are also good choices. There is a quick drying white available if necessary.
Since there are soooo many colors available, and each artist has their own palette, it is best to take a canvas you can hang on the wall, draw squares for each pigment, and see how fast it dries. Make a note of when you created it, the name of the pigment, and write the day it dried to the touch beneath the square. It is your best reference, and it shouldn't take more than a half hour to make.
Some of aforementioned quick drying colors will come out of the tube very stiff. Use just a very tad, I mean barely get your brush wet with Solvent-Free Medium from Gamblin or Drying Linseed from Winsor & Newton. You don't want to have a fatty under layer, but you certainly cannot paint with clay. Any subsequent layer should have more medium than the previous layer.
The medium drying colors are Phthalocyanine blues and greens, Pyrrole reds and oranges, and the Hansa yellows. These are great for the second or third layers.
The slowest drying pigments are the Quinacridones and Cadmiums. Use these are great for the final layers. Quinacridones are transparent, therefore are good glazing colors.
If you are using paint that is linseed oil, then use Solvent-Free Medium from Gamblin, or Drying Linseed oil from Winsor & Newton. If you are using paints that contain safflower oil, then use the Solvent-free medium from Gamblin.
Use the the excess Solvent-Free medium or pretty much any artist oil (such as walnut oil if you are using M. Graham paints) to clean your brushes in-between colors. Remember, that when you use other oils, it will get into your picture, so it is best to use similar oils. In other words, if you are using paints that contain safflower oil, use the solvent-free medium from Gamblin. If you are using linseed oil then wipe the brush clean with linseed.
It is best if you paint with similar colors at any given time to reduce the need to completely clean the brush. For example, if you are creating a landscape painting, paint the sky and just use sky colors, do not jump to the grass, or other area that requires different colors. Once completed with that area of the painting, then you can clean your brush and move to the next area of the picture.
Once you have completed the painting session, you will have to clean up. What I do before hand actually, is use wax-paper to paint on. Clipping wax paper to a wooden palette doesn't look as goofy as using a disposable paper palette with a thumbhole. Wax paper is similar to the disposable palettes, but far more affordable. If you have excess paint, you can cover it with another piece of wax paper, or if you have used the paper completely, just fold it and toss it into the trash.
In order to clean your oil painting brushes without solvent, wipe the excess oil with a rag. Dip the brush into any clean oil, be it linseed, or the left over drying medium until the brush is clean. Wipe off the oil with a rag. Then clean your brush with water and The Master's Brush Cleaner and Restorer. It is non-toxic and makes clean up infinitely easier than dish soap. Then let your brush sit flat to dry. I know many people say to leave the brushes standing up, but the problem with that is the water will drip into the ferrule, and may loosen the glue that holds the fur to the handle.
Cleaning your rag is as easy as washing a wash cloth. Just use dish soap and warm water. Let it dry overnight hanging some place. It will look ugly, but rags are reusable and is less waste than the constant use of paper towels.
It used to be that you had to wait an entire year before varnishing an oil painting. Gamblin has an archival, but removable varnish that can be applied once the painting has dried to the touch. This is called Gamvar. I recommend it if you like the results your painting.
Until next time, happy painting!
– Tia


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Junior Golf
Great things are happening in 2020!
We are proud to offer exciting programs to enable our youth opportunities to learn golf and improve their skills. Learning the game of golf at an early age is much easier than when we are older and once you learn, it can be a lifelong hobby. The game of golf teaches us respect, patience, and concentration – skills we also need for the game of life.
Current 2020 Programs include:
- The First Tee of Greater Washington, DC
- PGA Jr. League
- Operation 36
To receive information about junior golf programs, email firstname.lastname@example.com with the subject line "Add me to your junior golf mailing list."
PGA Junior League 13 & Under League
Outdoor 5-week program starting in September
PGA Jr. League is changing the way golf is learned and played through its fun, team-oriented approach. Taught by professional golf instructors, players will participate in organized team practice sessions and regular six-hole matches held within the league.
- Practice session: once a week
- Team Match: Once a week
- Two-person Scramble Format - six holes
- Ages 8-13
Register Here at PARKS DIRECT:
- Henson Creek PARKS DIRECT 27675-593A
- Paint Branch PARKS DIRECT 27675-594A
- Enterprise Team PARKS DIRECT 1 27675-595A
- Enterprise Team 2 PARKS DIRECT 27675-595B
PGA Junior League 18 & Under League
Outdoor 5-week program starting in September/October
Taught by professional golf instructors, players will participate in organized team practice sessions and regular nine-hole matches held each week.
- Practice session: once a week
- Team Match: Once a week
- Two-person Best Ball Format - nine holes
- Ages 4-18
Register Here at PARKS DIRECT:
- Henson Creek PARKS DIRECT 27675-593B
- Paint Branch PARKS DIRECT 27675-594B
- Enterprise Team 1 PARKS DIRECT 27675-595C
- Enterprise Team 2 27675-595D
Junior Golf Restart
First Tee is one of the core programs of the Department of Parks and Recreation's Junior Golf Program. It teaches important core values through the game of golf. With modifications, The First Tee Program will resume in a safe manner, while still adhering to the core mission of the program.
Golf is a sport uniquely suited to social distancing. It is played outdoors and can be played with zero contact or without being in close proximity between participants. Our First Tee activities would include extensive safety procedures and modifications in order to ensure the health and well-being of participants, instructors, and guardians.
The First Tee of Greater Washington, DC (Ages 7-18)
The First Tee started as a way to bring an affordable junior golf program to youth and communities that did not have them. What The First Tee soon discovered was that blending the rules of the game with life and leadership skills, kids and teens didn't just learn how to putt – they were learning important values.
The First Tee Mission: To impact the lives of young people by providing educational programs that build character, instill life-enhancing values, and promote healthy choices through the game of golf.
To sign up for The First Tee of Greater Washington, DC, go to https://www.thefirstteedc.org
Click on LOG IN to join and then REGISTER by choosing one of the available classes located in Prince George's County.


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ADNOC Distribution was established in 1973 as the first UAE government-owned company specialized in the marketing and distribution of petroleum products within the United Arab Emirates and internationally. As one of the region's largest and most innovative petroleum companies,ADNOC Distribution is renowned and respected for the exceptional quality and reliability of its products and services.
As at now ADNOC Distribution owns a wide network of service stations,Store,standalone Autoserv car-care centers,vehicle inspections centers,multi-product depots and aviation fuel depots. We are a major driver of the country's economy and an important community player. We employ over 14,000 people of 50 different nationalities from all over the world. Our company is part of ADNOC Group – ranked among the top twenty energy companies worldwide.
Based on the information received, the Recruitment Department develops an internal plan to bring in the required workforce, in consultation with analysts and specialists. Since 2008, we've formed an internal task-force to supervise the entire hiring process. Career development is an integral part of ADNOC Distribution policy. It is a valuable growth opportunity for trainees of various educational backgrounds who want to successfully take on an approved target position in the company.
ADNOC has been depended with overseeing, creating and protecting Abu-Dhabi hydrocarbon saves. This part accompanies numerous duties – to our investors, neighbors, clients, groups and our condition.The estimations of our organization, and our nation, are motivated by our establishing father, the late Sheik Zayed canister Sultan Al Nahyan. They are the bedrock of our whole reasoning, and move and educate the way that we behave each day.Our qualities are the center rule that guide our basic leadership, and guarantee consistency in our representatives' activities and practices. They speak to our association's aggregate responsibility regarding set, accomplish and surpass goal-oriented targets.


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The new board began its mid-July meetings with a special budget orientation given by Nancy Secrest, national treasurer. The board quickly settled into the routine and grappled with budget and other issues harmoniously. The Society is blessed with members who are willing to give their time for this valuable function.
A highlight of the convention for me was the news that our daughter presented David and me with a seven-pound, six-ounce baby girl. Since this was our first, it was an especially momentous occasion. So as soon as the convention was over, we joined the exodus from Olcott to visit the new family in New York City and to meet Ruby Mae Cowlishaw. As is the usual tradition, Olcott transformed from a bustling community to a quite monastic type of residence for the month of August. Activities slowed and many staff members went on vacation. However, in the background could be seen the steady bustle of preparations for the fall programs, which are right around the corner.
(click to enlarge)


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It was the simplest product requirement I have ever written. Just one sentence: "Bring Telepresence to the desktop and make it CEO-proof". When we launched in March 2010 industry analyst Andrew Davies at Wainhouse Research wrote: "For most of my life I wanted a Porsche, now I think I want a Tandberg EX90 instead." At a time where PC-based video was still pretty useless and the iPad was not even invented, it became very clear to us that we had totally nailed it.
Read more...
Thanks to recent events, working from home has become more of necessity than a privilege, and many say that it's not likely we'll ever make it back to the "business as usual" we had pre-pandemic. In fact, the entire channel has turned its head toward the remote workforce, enticing many experts to give it a nod as a hotbed of future growth. According to Matt Soseman, a Modern Workplace Architect from Microsoft, "I think #WorkFromHome is here to stay. The technology is here—let's take advantage of it." And Scott Kinka, CTO and Founding Partner of EvolveIP, put it this way, "How do we position the business so the first strategy is the remote strategy?"
Among the many things COVID-19 has exposed about our society, the varying degrees of technological preparedness among schools ranks high. When stay at home issues were ordered, many schools were able to quickly adapt to remote learning, while others realized they lacked the resources and solutions needed to ensure student success outside of the classroom. What once seemed to be a non-urgent, multi-year lift for school districts to upgrade has now become a necessity for ensuring that students don't fall behind. Fortunately, there is great opportunity for VARs and agents to work with school systems to help them enter a more digital world, whether that be a complete overhaul or a few minor upgrades.
Learn more about the products offered to help make healthcare facilities more patient-centric. With the right combination of technology, healthcare providers can create a positive patient experience, while providing top-tier care.
With COVID-19, the amount of people working from home has increased exponentially. I recently chatted with Mike Karban—Microsoft's Senior Partner Technology Strategist—about how they've acclimated to our new normal, enabling people (including many of their own employees) to work remotely.


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Assisted Living Facility
Questions and Answers
There are many devices out there on the market. Some are designed for use around the house only. These are usually connected to a landline. The growing trend these days is that most homes have opted NOT to have landlines and only rely on cellular services. In this case, these devices will not... more
- Upvote
- 151 views
Having to talk to our parents about various senior care issues is difficult and depressing. But it could also be a great bonding opportunity for parent and child. As our parents grow frail, roles reverse where the child now has to take charge to do what's best for mom or dad. Take this as an... more
- Upvote
- 889 views
This is a hard situation, when Medicaid only pays for nursing homes and not a less restrictive assistant living community. You are not expected to bring her into your home, as so many people want to "guilt trip" you with this argument. You may not have the resources to help her, and could hurt her... more
- Upvote
- 659 views
It depends on moms ability to get around and her financial situation. There are two facility options for mom. Assisted Living and Board and Care. If you click on the little icons above you can get a better understanding of what the differences are between the two. The easiest and cheapest way of... more
- Upvote
- 412 views
Contact your area agency on aging and see what services are available for low income seniors.
- Upvote
- 173 views
Assisted Living Communities are designed for seniors who are no longer able to live on their own safely but do not require the high level of care provided in a nursing home. Typically in a assisting living community is a a licensed facility that provides safe and clean living accommodations and... more
- Upvote
- 176 views
To be eligible for the VA's Aid and Attendance Benefit program you must meet certain parameters. You must have served 90 days of active duty, 1 day beginning or ending during the following Wartime Periods...Under current law, VA recognizes the following wartime periods to determine eligibility for... more
- Upvote
- 333 views
A board and care is a licensed facility in your state that can provide basic services including housing, meal service and limited assistance with basic activities of daily living. They are generally self pay, and less expensive than "assisted living" facilities. There can be state fund to help pay... more
- Upvote
- 172 views
Typically Medicaid rules, which vary state to state, allow the well spouse to maintain an amount of what would otherwise be available assets for qualification purposes at the time you apply for Medicaid. Assets acquired after the spouse is institutionalized are not protected and will be counted at... more
- Upvote
- 138 views
This is a great opportunity to be proactive. There are a couple essential documents to start with. The first two deal with incapacity: the power of attorney and advance health care directive. Each nominates a person or persons to handle your parents' financial and medical decisions during periods on... more
- Upvote
- 224 views


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Just a couple of days ago we were bravo-ing BNP Paribas as it and fellow French banks Crédit Agricole and Société Générale confirmed they have ruled out financing for highly controversial coal mine projects in Australia's Galilee Basin. Whether this shunning of major coal financing will be a watershed moment for the French banks remains to be seen. Along with our colleagues at Friends of the Earth France, who've set up a petition site for French bank customers to urge their banks to commit to end all coal sector financing by the end of this year, we're certainly intent on keeping up the pressure following this big Gallic Galilee success.
Yesterday, though, we've had another reminder – from India – of BNP Paribas' hefty coal finance legacy: it's not for nothing after all that the bank currently sits at number 9 in our Top 20 Coal Banks rankings, having provided over 15 billion euros to both coal mining and coal power companies in the period 2005 to April 2014.
Back in the news is an important BankTrack dodgy deal – the Tata Mundra Ultra Mega Power Plant, a coal plant in Gujarat with a mammoth installed capacity of 4,000 megawatts that has been financed in recent years by, among others, the World Bank's private sector arm the International Finance Corporation (IFC) and BNP Paribas.
Another Tata Mundra investor, the Asian Development Bank (ADB), has just this week seen its Compliance Review Panel issue a damning report on ADB's involvement in the power project, citing a catalogue of violations that are heavily impacting the livelihoods of fisherfolk, among others. The initial suggestions, according to MASS, the local group that has been actively engaging with the ADB, are that ADB management has reacted high-handedly to its own compliance report, echoing previous shenanigans at the World Bank following a similar internal compliance roasting over Tata Mundra.
As Nezir Senani reported in the Huffington Post back in January this year, dating back to August 2013 alarm bells have now been raised twice within the World Bank about Tata Mundra and its impacts on local people and their environment (let's not even get into the greenhouse gas emissions that those thousands of megawatts have been generating since March 2013 when the plant became fully operational). As Nezir points out, however, there's clearly a struggle going on between the IFC's internal affairs people – under its Compliance Advisor Ombudsman office – and the actual bankers involved in Tata Mundra.
Which brings us to BNP Paribas, that arranged $327 million financing for Tata Mundra in April 2008. The French bank informed BankTrack that a scheduled annual 'tracking' of Tata Mundra is underway, and should address how Tata Power is avoiding and remedying the project's environmental and social impacts.
That, however, is all we've heard for now from BNP Paribas on Tata Mundra. If, when and how it will publish its assessment, we do not yet know.
Leaving aside the startling jump in coal finance that our 'Banking on coal 2014' report revealed at the end of last year, when it comes to communicating with the commercial banking sector regarding its coal interests, things of course have a tendency to move rather more slowly.
Enquiries to banks about whether they are considering finance for the latest alarming mega-coal project (eg, Rampal in Bangladesh) will – most of the time – be batted back at you with a polite reference to 'commercial confidentiality'. It's the standard bank justification for not permitting any meaningful disclosure of information as to whether Bank X views potential Project Z as: a) 'crazy', b) 'bankable' … or c) even a bit of both.
The onus is surely, though, on banks to be responsive and pro-active when it comes to projects that they have actually financed – especially when the deals in question are proving to be problematic. Typically, and Tata Mundra is no different on this count, such problems will have been predicted by both local communities in the firing line and campaigners alike.
The longer BNP Paribas drags its heels and keeps mum on Tata Mundra, the more the questions about this controversial coal investment continue to mount – and the more affected local communities are left hung out to dry.


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Last week at LinuxCon, we presented a lot of great content for business leaders in the world of Linux and open source. (Al Gillen of IDC, Jeffrey Hammond of Forester, among others.). One of my favorite sessions was from Jean Staten Healy, Director of IBM Worldwide Linux Strategy who looked at Linux in the minds of CIOs and how it's changed.
Remember ten years ago, IBM made a $1 billion bet on Linux, and in so doing, helped create the momentum for Linux in the enterprise data center that we all enjoy today. Back then, IBM concentrated on three areas:
– Making Linux better – providing contributions to help improve Linux with respect to reliability, availability and serviceability
– Enabling IBM products – both across major server lines and throughout the IBM middleware portfolio
– Extending Linux into new opportunity areas – Helping to expanding the total addressable market for Linux (e.g. Real-Time, HPC, SoNAS)
Jean shared data from IBM's 2009 Global CIO study. The survey had over 2,500 interviews of CIOs worldwide spanning 78 countries and 19 industries. Some interesting findings:
– Today's CIO spend 55% of their time on activities that spur innovation
– The remaining 45% of their time is spent on essential, more traditional tasks related to managing IT
– Cost effectiveness was at the top of the CIO list for much of the last decade of Linux, but that is no longer the primary driver for today's CIO in their adoption of Linux.
– They are choosing Linux for strategic reasons: they see Linux as helping them keep up with demand and be flexible and nimble. This trumps cost. It's about time to value and innovation now.
– Linux' virtualization capabilities and inherent flexibility are helping CIOs get the most out of their existing IT investments.
The questions CIOs are now asking: "How fast can I get this deployed? Will it grow with me as my business changes? Can I find talent for this platform?"
This is good news for Linux. I've always tried to downplay the role of cost as a driver for Linux adoption. Cost certainly matters but it's not the end game. I'm pleased to see IBM's data back up our assumption that Linux is helping CIOs and companies remain nimble, deliver faster time to value and get the most out of their existing investments. Innovation is the driver in the minds of CIOs now, and Linux is well positioned ten years after IBM's $1 billion bet.
- Open Source Security Foundation Announces Education Courses and Participation Initiatives to Advance its Commitment to Securing the World's Software Infrastructure - October 29, 2020
- New AI & Data Foundation Combines Industry's Fastest-Growing Open Source Developments in Artificial Intelligence and Open Data - October 26, 2020
- Linux Foundation Focuses on Science and Research to Advance Diversity and Inclusion in Software Engineering - October 26, 2020


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Orthostasis, from the Greek orthos (upright) and histanai (to stand), is a normal physiological response of the sympathetic system to counteract a fall in blood pressure when a person is laying down and assumes the upright position. This compensatory response of the autonomic nervous system reveals the evolutionary adaptation of the human being to meet the needs of an erect posture, a unique characteristic that distinguishes humans from other species.
When one stands up, gravity causes a shift of 500 to 800 mL of blood volume from the upper body to the lower body and the splanchnic circulation. This redistribution of blood decreases the venous return and the right atrium's pressure, reducing the stroke volume and eventually a fall in arterial blood pressure.[1]
For this change in position, the body has 4 compensatory mechanisms:
Out of these, autonomic reflexes are the most important mechanism.[2]
There are baroreceptors in the carotid sinus and in the aortic arch which play an important role in regulating blood pressure by sensing the grade of distension of the vessels. When there is a fall in blood pressure, tension on the vessel walls decreases and the afferent baroreceptor nerves decrease their firing rate to the medullary cardiovascular center (nucleus tractus solitarii in the medulla). This synapsis will inhibit the parasympathetic response (vagal) and stimulate the sympathetic response, causing generalized vasoconstriction, increased heart rate, and contractility. Baroreceptor activation also causes the activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and the release of vasopressin by the pituitary gland. It results in sodium and water reabsorption by the kidney, increasing the plasma volume, and arterial vasoconstriction through angiotensin II type 1 receptor and V1 receptors in arterial blood vessels. Normally, an adequate response increases heart rate by 10 to 15 bpm, maintains the systolic pressure and elevates the diastolic pressure about 10 mm Hg.[3]
Pulmonary baroreceptors and atrial low-pressure baroreceptors play a small response, causing renal vasoconstriction the last one, with no significant contribution to increasing the blood pressure.
Clinical Relevance
When the autonomic compensatory mechanism is affected, there is a significant decrease of the central blood pressure, and symptoms of hypoperfusion can appear, e.g., dizziness, lightheadedness or syncope. This is called orthostatic hypotension.
Orthostatic hypotension (OH) is a clinical finding defined by a fall in systolic blood pressure over 20 mmHg or a fall of in diastolic pressure over 10 mm Hg within 3 minutes of standing.[4] Symptoms may be present, or it can be asymptomatic as well.
Two principal conditions can lead to orthostatic hypotension: intravascular volume depletion and abnormal autonomic reflexes. Multiple disorders can cause an abnormal autonomic response, but about a third of patients with OH have no identifiable cause.[5] Neurogenic OH is the most common identifiable cause. A simple classification of the etiology divides it in acute (mostly symptomatic) and chronic (majority asymptomatic)[6][7]:
Predisposing factors: Dehydration, deconditioning, malnutrition and aging. Medications associated with OH are antihypertensives, diuretics, vasodilators, antipsychotics, ethanol, opiates, and antidepressants.
Orthostatic hypotension occurs more frequently in the elderly, and there is a proportional increase in advancing age. This could be explained due to arterial stiffness and reductions in baroreceptor reflex sensitivity, muscle pump activity, and alpha 1 adrenergic vasoconstriction.[8] In one large cross-sectional study (Rutan et al.) studied a population age 65 years or older to determine the overall prevalence of OH, the total prevalence was 18.2%, with only 2% being symptomatic.[9]
Orthostasis per se is asymptomatic, but symptoms may be present when there is orthostatic hypotension.
Symptoms of OH result from transient insufficient perfusion to organ tissue, mostly the brain. Dizziness, lightheadedness, weakness, blurred vision and in severe cases syncope, are the most commonly reported symptoms.[10] Another frequent symptom, but difficult to recognize is the so-called "coat-hanger" a discomfort or ache affecting the muscles of the back and nape neck that radiates to the occipital area of the skull. Due to neck muscles hypoperfusion.[11] Even though far less frequently, supine hypertension, erratic swings in blood pressure, angina, and stroke are manifestations of OH.[12]
The initial evaluation of OH must include measuring blood pressure, and heart rate after the patient has been recumbent for at least 5 minutes and again after 1 minute and 3 minutes of standing. The diagnosis is made with one or both criteria of the definition of orthostatic hypotension. For those patients with hypertension, a reduction of systolic BP of 30 mm Hg is more appropriate to define OH.[4]
A complete medical history and physical examination should be performed. With special regard to medications, comorbidities, potential volume losses, and a complete neurologic examination. Seeking clinical clues to possible etiologies.[8] The direction of the evaluation, laboratory, imaging and autonomic studies, should be guided by first differentiating acute or chronic causes.
The heart rate response is useful to give us a clue in the etiology. If the heart rate response to postural change is less than 15 bpm suggests a neurogenic OH. On the other hand, if there is an increase in heart rate of over 20 bpm suggests volume depletion or over 30 bpm suggests postural tachycardia syndrome. Postural tachycardia syndrome is another form of chronic orthostatic intolerance, mostly affecting children and young adults. These patients usually present the typical symptoms of orthostatic hypotension, but not meet the criteria for OH (little or no fall of blood pressure) and the autonomic response is associated with an exaggerated tachycardia.[13]
If there is a high suspicion of OH of neurologic origin, patients should be referred to an Autonomic Center for further evaluation. Although, regardless of the cause, the treatment of orthostatic hypotension is symptomatic.
The principal goal of the treatment in OH is to reduce adverse outcomes such as falls, disability, and impaired quality of life. Treatment is only indicated for those symptomatic and therapy should be driven by symptoms and not by targets of blood pressure.[14]
First, eliminate predisposing factors, especially medications, and exclude hypovolemic status. Then, start stepwise with non-pharmacological maneuvers, followed by pharmacologic interventions. Symptoms must be assessed in every consult to monitor progress.
Orthostasis is a relatively common problem in clinical medicine and is best managed by an interprofessional team because of the numerous causes. The key is to improve the quality of life with proper treatment. First, eliminate predisposing factors, especially medications, and exclude hypovolemic status. Then, start stepwise with non-pharmacological maneuvers, followed by pharmacologic interventions. Symptoms must be assessed in every consult to monitor progress. Initially the treatment is non-pharmacological but for those who fail to respond, pharmacological therapy is the next step. The outlook for those who remain compliant with therapt are excellent.
|Smit AA,Halliwill JR,Low PA,Wieling W, Pathophysiological basis of orthostatic hypotension in autonomic failure. The Journal of physiology. 1999 Aug 15 [PubMed PMID: 10432334]
|Stewart JM, Mechanisms of sympathetic regulation in orthostatic intolerance. Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985). 2012 Nov [PubMed PMID: 22678960]
|Sahni M,Lowenthal DT,Meuleman J, A clinical, physiology and pharmacology evaluation of orthostatic hypotension in the elderly. International urology and nephrology. 2005 [PubMed PMID: 16307360]
|Freeman R,Wieling W,Axelrod FB,Benditt DG,Benarroch E,Biaggioni I,Cheshire WP,Chelimsky T,Cortelli P,Gibbons CH,Goldstein DS,Hainsworth R,Hilz MJ,Jacob G,Kaufmann H,Jordan J,Lipsitz LA,Levine BD,Low PA,Mathias C,Raj SR,Robertson D,Sandroni P,Schatz I,Schondorff R,Stewart JM,van Dijk JG, Consensus statement on the definition of orthostatic hypotension, neurally mediated syncope and the postural tachycardia syndrome. Clinical autonomic research : official journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society. 2011 Apr [PubMed PMID: 21431947]
|Robertson D,Robertson RM, Causes of chronic orthostatic hypotension. Archives of internal medicine. 1994 Jul 25 [PubMed PMID: 8031210]
|Gupta V,Lipsitz LA, Orthostatic hypotension in the elderly: diagnosis and treatment. The American journal of medicine. 2007 Oct [PubMed PMID: 17904451]
|Chisholm P,Anpalahan M, Orthostatic hypotension: pathophysiology, assessment, treatment and the paradox of supine hypertension. Internal medicine journal. 2017 Apr [PubMed PMID: 27389479]
|Arnold AC,Raj SR, Orthostatic Hypotension: A Practical Approach to Investigation and Management. The Canadian journal of cardiology. 2017 Dec [PubMed PMID: 28807522]
|Rutan GH,Hermanson B,Bild DE,Kittner SJ,LaBaw F,Tell GS, Orthostatic hypotension in older adults. The Cardiovascular Health Study. CHS Collaborative Research Group. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979). 1992 Jun [PubMed PMID: 1592445]
|Grubb BP,Kosinski DJ,Kanjwal Y, Orthostatic hypotension: causes, classification, and treatment. Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE. 2003 Apr [PubMed PMID: 12715851]
|Khurana RK, Coat-hanger ache in orthostatic hypotension. Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache. 2012 Jul [PubMed PMID: 22711896]
|Luukinen H,Koski K,Laippala P,Airaksinen KE, Orthostatic hypotension and the risk of myocardial infarction in the home-dwelling elderly. Journal of internal medicine. 2004 Apr [PubMed PMID: 15049883]
|Raj SR, Postural tachycardia syndrome (POTS). Circulation. 2013 Jun 11 [PubMed PMID: 23753844]
|Miller ER 3rd,Appel LJ, High prevalence but uncertain clinical significance of orthostatic hypotension without symptoms. Circulation. 2014 Nov 11 [PubMed PMID: 25278100]
|Shibao C,Lipsitz LA,Biaggioni I, ASH position paper: evaluation and treatment of orthostatic hypotension. Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.). 2013 Mar [PubMed PMID: 23458585]


text:
Girls star Lena Dunham has gone into a self-proclaimed "rage spiral" regarding recent allegations that she sexually abused her younger sister Grace, back when the girls were aged seven and one year old, respectively. The actress recently took to Twitter to express her anger regarding the aforementioned allegations, which appeared in the pre-eminent conservative magazine National Review.
The molestation allegation in question refers to a passage in Dunham's recently published memoir entitled Not That Kind of Girl, in which she recalled a circumstance in which she examined her infant sister's private parts in order to see whether or not they were the same as hers. As well as this, the 28-year-old acknowledged that she engaged in self-pleasure activities while in the same bed as said younger sister, and even went so far as to bribe the girl with candy in order to get her to engage in amorous activities with her. In the referenced passage of said memoir, the New York native referred to herself, perhaps humorously, as a "sexual predator", in that she was engaging in the same sort of behavior as a predator would in their attempts to woo a suburban girl of a young age.
The allegation in question was not the first sexual bombshell from Dunham's memoir. She claims that while as a student at Oberlin College in 2005, she was raped by a college Republican while under the influence of alcohol, Xanax and cocaine. The girl has not since filed any charges against said Republican, nor has she attempted to have any kind of investigation launched against him.
While admitting her actions could certainly be construed as somewhat strange, Dunham did not hesitate to accuse her accusers of twisting her words, and claimed that her sister found the controversy amusing. She went on to voice her opinion that the accusations were hurtful and disgusting, and therefore she could not brush off the commentary as she normally would when it came to hateful accusations regarding her character.
National review has refused to apologize, and is standing by its story. Reporter Kevin Williamson, who broke the story, has since argued that Dunham's behavior cannot be construed as anything other than horrific and blatantly inappropriate. Williamson's story was picked up and amplified by a number of other right-wing websites, adding fuel to the fire and regarding the conservative attack on the so-called liberal media as out of touch and even depraved.
Dunham, who first gained notoriety via her indie film Tiny Furniture, is the daughter of artist parents Carroll Dunham and Laurie Simmons. Both her parents' art works are highly sexualized and controversial, and their daughter was raised in an NYC apartment festooned with nude photographs of her mother in provocatively sexual poses. The girl's upbringing has been speculated as being relevant towards her somewhat outlandish sexual behavior on the aforementioned HBO series, Girls.
The fourth season of Dunham's hit HBO series Girls, which will include new series regular Gillian Jacobs (best known for her role as Britta Perry on the formerly hit NBC comedy Community), is set to debut in early 2015.
By Rebecca Grace
Pathetic Privilege
Business Insider


text:
Vice Mayor Paul Cunningham
Half Staff Notice
Posted July 21, 2015
Ronstadt Transit Center Joint Development Project Proposal Presentations
Posted July 20, 2015
You are invited to attend public presentations on two proposals for the Ronstadt Transit Center Joint Development Project.
Each proposal team will share its ideas for mixed‐use development with transit. Each presentation will be followed by Questions & Answers. Comment Cards will also be available.
If you need additional information beyond that provided below, contact Rebecca Ruopp, City of Tucson, Office of Integrated Planning: Email: firstname.lastname@example.com Phone: (520) 837-6973 or main office line (520) 791‐4675.
Houghton / 22nd Traffic Alert
Posted July 17, 2015
The intersection of Houghton Road and 22nd Street will be temporarily closed in order to complete waterline relocation and major construction work in the intersection as quickly as possible and avoid prolonged travel restrictions.
Signage indicating detour routes and segments of Houghton Road and 22nd Street that will be open to local traffic only will be in place to help guide traffic.
Traffic Alert - North Rillito Interceptor Sewer Rehabilitation Project
Posted July 14, 2015
This is a series of traffic alerts that will be issued throughout the construction of the North Rillito Interceptor (NRI) Sewer Rehabilitation Project. These alerts will announce construction, detour and street closure information as it affects residents, businesses and traffic within the area. The 10-mile long NRI project is being completed in phases; the current phase's construction boundaries are from Woodland Road to just east of Pantano Road.
Traffic Alert - North Rillito Interceptor Project
Posted July 6, 2015
Environmental Services changes for 4th of July holiday
Posted July 1, 2015
Sun Tran Independence Day Schedule
Posted June 30, 2015
·Sun Tran Routes 1 through 99 will run on a Sunday schedule on Saturday, July 4. Regular scheduled service resumes on Sunday, July 5.
Broadway - Pantano Road to Camino Seco Resurfacing
Posted June 29, 2015
The milling (removing asphalt) and repaving work on Broadway from Pantano Road to Camino Seco will begin on Monday, June 29, 2015. Crews from Southern Arizona Paving and Construction Co., under contract with the City of Tucson Department of Transportation (TDOT), will work each day from 5 a.m. to 5 p.m. Crews will mill a section of roadway one day and repave that section of roadway the following day.
Broadway, Camino Seco to Houghton
Posted June 16, 2015
LCpl Jacob Hug
Posted June 2, 2015
Eastside Resurfacing Projects
Posted May 28, 2015
On Tuesday, May 26, 2015, crews from Southern Arizona Paving and Construction Co., under contract with the City of Tucson Department of Transportation (TDOT), began work to improve the pavement conditions on Speedway Boulevard from Pantano Road to Camino Seco and on Pantano Road from Speedway Boulevard to Broadway and on Broadway from Pantano Road to Camino Seco.
Crime Prevention Tip
Posted May 18, 2015
Do you go shopping and throw your receipt in the garbage can outside the store? If so, thieves may be watching.
Theft Prevention Tips
Posted May 15, 2015
The key to preventing theft from vehicles starts with YOU!
Nobody wants to be a victim of crime, but if you leave your purse, computer, tools or other valuable items in your auto, you're increasing the risk that you will become a theft-from-vehicle victim.
Many thefts from vehicles are the result of people leaving their car doors unlocked or leaving items of value in the car where would-be thieves can easily spot them. The message- if thieves can see it, they will steal it.
Supervisor Carroll's Town Hall with Special Guest Paul Cunningham
Posted May 11, 2015
Pima County District 4 Supervisor Ray Carroll Town Hall with special guest Paul Cunningham
Wednesday, May13, 2015
6 to 7 p.m.
Udall Center, 7200 East Tanque Verde Road
Protecting Your Mail
Posted May 6, 2015
Postal Inspectors across the country work hard to protect your mail. But with deliveries to more than 100 million addresses, the Postal Inspection Service can't do the job alone.
Here's what you can do to protect your mail from thieves:


text:
Method and apparatus for performing bearer independent wireless application service provisioning
A mobile communication device (102) communicates over a wireless bearer network which includes a base station (104) and a wireless communication system (108). To provision wireless application services the mobile communication device contacts a provisioning proxy (110) over the wireless bearer network, which in turns contacts a provisioning center (116) over a public network (114). A provisioning tunnel is then established between the provisioning center and the mobile communication device. Once the provisioning tunnel is set up, the user of the mobile communication device can subscribe to, or unsubscribe from wireless application services.
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This invention relates in general to communication systems, and more particularly to mobile wireless communication systems that provide access to wide area public information networks.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Recent years have seen a dramatic increase in computer use and computer network use. The public Internet is accessed by many millions of people each day, and the number of people and businesses using the Internet continues to grow at unprecedented rates. Similarly, the number of mobile communication service subscribers has grown as the cost of service has steadily dropped in recent years. It is a foregone conclusion that wireless mobile networking will likewise experience a similar growth.
Wireless mobile networking, or simply mobile networking, allows users to access public and private networks using an air interface between a mobile communication device, such as a so-called smart phone, and a fixed station, such as a base station that is coupled to a mobile network. There are presently scaled down versions of network client software, commonly referred to as browsers, installed in mobile communication devices that permit access to the information made available on public and private networks. There are a variety of network schemes presently in use, including over the air packet data and short messaging service (SMS). In many respects these schemes are similar to regular computer networks in that a network address is used by the mobile communication device, such as Internet protocol (IP) addressing, and the mobile communication device behaves like a network client. However, protocols specifically designed for small, handheld, phone type mobile communication devices are being developed, such as the Wireless Application Protocol (WAP). It is anticipated that such a protocol will become a universal standard.
Using the WAP model, wireless communication and network access via wireless communication are seen as separate roles in wireless mobile communication, much the way an Internet service provider and a local telephone company are used by people to access the internet. A person may have a particular wireless service provider, and use a different company to provide network access for his or her wireless network appliance. Having separate service providers, allows a user to access networks when, for example, they change wireless service providers, or are in an area where their wireless service provider does not provide coverage.
Furthermore, the market interest in multimode wireless communication devices is increasing. Multimode wireless mobile communication devices support more than one type of wireless air interface, and can therefore be used over a broader area. There are a wide variety of air interfaces, such as analog cellular, digital cellular, time division multiple access (TDMA), code division multiple access (CDMA), Global Specification for Mobile communication (GSM), iDEN (integrated Digital Enhanced Network) to name a few. Each of these is referred to as a wireless bearer network. Presently wireless application services are provided on a number of wireless bearer networks, using either circuit data techniques, packet data techniques, or both. Wireless application services includes communication services such as stock price alert weather report, map/direction, directory service, banking, news, etc. Provisioning of these services is done via the wireless bearer network. That is, if wireless application services are provided, the subscriber receives them from the wireless bearer network operator.
Having the wireless bearer network in control of wireless application services is limiting. For one, if a person is roaming on a non-home network, they may not have access to the services since they are not subscribers of that network. Wireless application service providers can be accessed, for example, over the public Internet, but the provisioning of services, if done in a conventional manner, would still be limiting. Therefore there is a need for a method by which wireless application services may be subscribed to and unsubscribed from, as desired by the user of a mobile communication device, and in a manner that works over a variety of wireless bearer networks.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 shows schematic block diagram of a communication system for providing bearer independent wireless application service provisioning, in accordance with the invention;
FIG. 2 shows a flow chart diagram of a method for performing wireless application service provisioning for a wireless mobile communication device, in accordance with the invention; and
FIG. 3 shows a graphical representation of a provisioning tunnel established between a provisioning center and a mobile communication device over a wireless service bearer, in accordance with the invention.DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
While the specification concludes with claims defining the features of the invention that are regarded as novel, it is believed that the invention will be better understood from a consideration of the following description in conjunction with the drawing figures, in which like reference numerals are carried forward.
The invention assures that wireless application service provisioning is available to wireless mobile service subscribers, independent of which type of wireless mobile communication service or carrier they are using. The invention provides for a provisioning proxy in the wireless service provider's network that allows the subscriber to set up a connection with a provisioning center that is bearer network independent. The provisioning center is connected to a public network, such as the Internet, and is addresses by conventional means such as internet protocol (IP) addressing. A link is established between the subscriber mobile communication device and the provisioning center via a tunnel, meaning that the communication protocol data is encapsulated in the wireless protocol, over the air interface between the subscriber's mobile communication device and the wireless bearer network. Preferably, a temporary identifier is used initially until the provisioning center assigns a unique identifier to the tunnel. In this way the provisioning center does not need to be aware of the specific wireless bearer information, and can thus operate equivalently regardless of the wireless bearer or bearer type. Once the tunnel between the provisioning center and the mobile communication device is established, the subscriber can subscribe to, or unsubscribe from wireless application services. Since the provisioning center is available over a public network, subscribers can access it from anywhere.
Referring now to FIG. 1, there is shown a schematic block diagram of a communication system 100 for providing bearer independent wireless application service provisioning, in accordance with the invention. A mobile communication device 102 is provided with wireless mobile communication service by a base station 104, using an air interface 106. The base station is part of a wireless communication system 108, such as a cellular communication system. The wireless network may provide, in addition to standard voice communication service, data communication service such as packet data. The base station 104 is operably coupled to a provisioning proxy 110, and a home location register (HLR) 112 through the wireless network 108. By operably coupled it is meant the network entities are coupled via a conventional network, such as an Internet protocol network, for example. The provisioning proxy is a gateway between the wireless network and a public network. Upon activating mobile communication device 102, authentication and registration for wireless service take place in a conventional manner, and typically using the HLR. In addition to the conventional information in the HLR, the HLR also includes a service provisioning control block for each subscriber. The service provisioning control block is a database entry in the subscriber's record, and indicates the public network address of the subscriber's preferred provisioning center. The service provisioning control block contains an international mobile subscriber identifier (IMSI) or some other identifier that is unique to the wireless network, and addressing information for the preferred provisioning center used by the subscriber's wireless application service provider.
The provisioning proxy is a conventional proxy server, and is operably coupled to a network, such as the public Internet 114, to which a wireless network access provisioning center (PC) 116 is also operably coupled. The provisioning center comprises computer and database equipment for provisioning wireless application services. That is, the provisioning center provides an interface between the subscriber and the subscriber's wireless application service provider so that the subscriber can activate new service, change existing service, and so on. More than one wireless application service provider may use a particular provisioning center to allow their customers to control their service subscription. Finally, a wireless application access gateway 118 is operably coupled to the network 114. The gateway is operated by the subscriber's wireless application service provider, much the way a point of presence (POP) gateway is operated by an Internet service provider. Another wireless bearer network is also shown, which uses essentially the same elements as the described in reference to elements 102-112, but may use a different type of air interface. Since the provisioning center is accessible via a public network, there are many wireless bearer networks that can access and share the same provisioning center.
The mobile communication device 102, base station 104, air interface 106, wireless communication system 108, and HLR 112 comprise a means for providing wireless mobile communication. The provisioning proxy is operably coupled to the means for providing wireless mobile communication, and connects it to the means for providing wireless application service provisioning, which includes the provisioning center 116. When the mobile communication device is properly provisioned, the wireless network access gateway provides a access point to the desired network.
To provision wireless application service, the mobile communication device 102, after registering for service with the wireless bearer network, contacts the provisioning proxy 110 through the wireless bearer network, preferably using a data air interface, and requests that a tunnel be set up with the subscriber's preferred wireless application service provider. The provisioning proxy then contacts the HLR and examines the service provisioning control block corresponding to the requesting subscriber to determine the address of the provisioning center. This will include the network address of the provisioning center, such as an IP address. Once that information has been obtained, the provisioning proxy contacts the provisioning center, such as by establishing a TCP/IP connection and a HTTP session with the provisioning center. In the preferred embodiment, the provisioning proxy will use a temporary identifier to identify the requesting mobile communication device for tunnel set up. The provisioning center can resolve any ID collision by looking at the provisioning proxy address, should different provisioning proxies happen to choose the same temporary ID at the same time while contacting the same provisioning center. The provisioning center then assigns a unique ID, such as a WAP service ID, to the provisioning proxy for tunnel identification. It is contemplated that more than one wireless application service provider may use the same provisioning center, in which case the provisioning proxy will indicate which wireless application service provider the requesting mobile communication device is provisioning. At this point the provisioning center and the mobile communication device communicate over the tunnel that is presently set up between the two entities. The tunnel allows the two entities to communicate regardless of the communication protocols and communication bearers between them.
FIG. 2 recaps the method of provisioning wireless application service. Referring now to FIG. 2, there is shown a flow chart diagram 200 of a method for provisioning wireless application service for a wireless mobile communication device, in accordance with the invention. At the start (202), the mobile communication device is powered up by the user, and the user desires to connect to a network in order to, for example, check email or browse files available on the network. If the mobile communication device is not registered for wireless service, the first step is registering for wireless service (204), which is done conventionally, and is a well known process. Once the mobile communication device is registered for wireless service, the mobile communication device contacts the provisioning proxy (206) over the wireless communication system and requests a tunnel to the provisioning center. The provisioning proxy then contacts the HLR (208) to obtain the address of the appropriate provisioning center. This is performed by reading the service provisioning block of the HLR, which is a data field included in the HLR record for the particular mobile communication device making the request, and is in addition to the typical data kept in an HLR. Once the provisioning proxy has the information from the HLR, the provisioning proxy contacts the provisioning center (210) using the temporary tunnel identifier (ID) to identify the requesting mobile communication device. The provisioning center, upon receiving the request, assigns a unique tunnel identifier (212) to identify the requesting mobile communication device, and initiates a tunnel between the mobile communication device and the provisioning center. This accomplishes the bootstrapping for wireless network access. Once the tunnel is established (214) between the provisioning center and the mobile communication device, service can be provisioned, and the mobile communication device can subscribe to or unsubscribe from services the network access provider offers. For example, using the WAP specification, the WAP service set may be negotiated between the mobile communication device and the provisioning center, and the subscriber is billed accordingly. A WAP service set consists of subscription features such as email, Personal Information Management (PIM), chat, news alert, stock alert, location dependent information such as weather forecast, etc. In addition to the provisioning of service, the provisioning center provides the network address of the wireless network access gateway. The security for provisioning can be accomplished using conventional bearer or network security, and is preferably similar to internet secure socket layer or WAP security protocol known as Wireless Transport Layer Security (WTLS).
Referring now to FIG. 3, there is shown a graphical representation of a provisioning tunnel 300 established between a provisioning center 306 and a mobile communication device 302 over a wireless service bearer 312, in accordance with the invention. FIG. 3 represents the state of the communication link between the mobile communication device and the provisioning center at step 214 of FIG. 2. The provisioning tunnel 308 is established from the mobile communication device 302 to the provisioning proxy 304 over the wireless bearer network 312 for that portion of the tunnel. The bearer network may be a wireless circuit data connection, a wireless packet data connection, and so on, as is known in the art. Between the provisioning proxy and the provisioning center 306 the tunnel is carried over, for example, a TCP/IP network 314.
Thus, by establishing a data tunnel between the provisioning center and the mobile communication device, the provisioning can be done independent of the particular wireless bearer network, and wireless communication system. This allows a user to access, for example, the Internet through a preferred access provider, regardless of which specific wireless mobile communication system is used, and in the case where the user changes access service providers.
While the preferred embodiments of the invention have been illustrated and described, it will be clear that the invention is not so limited. Numerous modifications, changes, variations, substitutions and equivalents will occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.
1. A method for performing wireless application service provisioning for a mobile communication device, the mobile communication device operating over a wireless mobile communication system, the method comprising:
- requesting a provisioning tunnel between the mobile communication device and a provisioning center, the request being communicated to a provisioning proxy, the provisioning proxy being part of the wireless mobile communication system;
- forwarding the request for a provisioning tunnel from the provisioning proxy to a provisioning center over a public network;
- generating a tunnel identifier to be associated with the mobile communication device, including generating a temporary identifier at the provisioning proxy; and
- establishing the provisioning tunnel from the provisioning center to the provisioning proxy using the tunnel identifier.
2. A method of performing wireless application service provisioning as defined in claim 1, further comprising obtaining the provisioning center network address from a home location register.
3. A method of establishing a provisioning tunnel between a mobile communication device and a provisioning center, the mobile communication device operably coupled to a wireless bearer network over an air interface, the provisioning center operably coupled to a public network, the method comprising:
- transmitting a request or the provisioning tunnel from the mobile communication device t o a provisioning proxy over the wireless bearer network;
- obtaining the network address of the provisioning enter from a home location register operably coupled to the wireless bearer network;
- forwarding the request to the provisioning center over the public network; and
- establishing a communication session between the provisioning proxy and the provisioning center, and the provisioning proxy and the mobile communication device, including transmitting a session identifier to the provisioning proxy from the provisioning center.
4. A method of establishing a provisioning tunnel as defined in claim 3, wherein obtaining comprises obtaining the network address from the mobile communication device.
5. A method of establishing a provisioning tunnel as defined in claim 3, wherein forwarding the request includes forwarding a first identifier to the provisioning center.
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|February 9, 1999
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Type: Grant
Filed: Nov 22, 1999
Date of Patent: Aug 14, 2001
Assignee: Motorola, Inc. (Schaumburg, IL)
Inventors: Jyh-Han Lin (Coral Springs, FL), Nicholas P. Alfano (Vancouver), Steven D. Upp (Barlett, IL)
Primary Examiner: Daniel Hunter
Assistant Examiner: Yemane Woldetatios
Attorney, Agent or Law Firm: Scott M. Garrett
Application Number: 09/444,952
International Classification: H04H/320;


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Floor Coverings International Western NC is your one-stop shop for all things flooring. Whether it's carpet, hardwood, tile, or specialty flooring, we offer the best selection and highest quality in the Asheville & Hendersonville areas.
We are here to answer your questions! If it's about flooring, we have the answer. To get you started, we've compiled some of our most searched topics below.
Basement flooring
Nearly every type of flooring can be installed in your basement, with just one exception: solid hardwood floors. Because a basement is below-grade, it's more prone to water damage, which can cause solid hardwood to expand and contract.
Popular basement flooring options are engineered hardwood, laminate, carpet, and luxury vinyl tile.
Slate flooring
Slate tile is a type of natural stone tile known for its elegance and durability. Another feature of slate flooring is its slip-resistance, making it a great choice for kitchens, bathrooms, hallways, and outdoor spaces with pools.
Floor refinishing
Floor refinishing is most commonly applied to solid and engineered hardwood floors. Bamboo floors can also be refinished. This is part of the appeal of wood floors—if you can withstand the initial cost, they can last decades with several rounds of refinishing.
Stone flooring
Stone flooring covers a variety of stone types, including granite, slate, marble, limestone, and travertine. Stone floors are popular because of their beauty, durability, and versatility. Stone flooring is naturally cut from the earth, making each piece truly one of a kind.
Travertine flooring
Travertine flooring is a type of stone flooring. It's made from a form of limestone most often found in white, tan, or cream colors. Travertine is abundantly used in Italian architecture. In fact, the venerable Roman Colosseum is constructed mostly of travertine.
Pine flooring
Pine flooring is one of the most popular parent species of hardwood floors. There is a huge hardness range within the pine classification. True pine and red pine are extremely hard, while white pine and eastern white pine are among the softest hardwoods.
Cork floors
Cork flooring has roared back to popularity thanks to a retro appeal and earth-friendly nature. Made from the bark of cork trees, cork flooring has unique shock-absorption with the same springiness of a wine cork.
Marble flooring
Marble flooring is a type of stone flooring and is appealing to homeowners looking for luxury. To maintain its beauty, marble needs to be cleaned and sealed regularly. Marble is most commonly installed in master bathrooms, foyers, and showpiece rooms.
What flooring topics do you have questions about? Be sure to give our flooring experts at Floor Coverings International Western NC a call today!
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What Is an IBM Thinkpad?
IBM released the first ThinkPad model laptop computer in 1992 as a top-grade business-class PC. The line of laptops became known as one of the most rugged business laptops available, with reinforced bodies protecting the computer from drops and falls. Lenovo bought IBM's PC line, including the ThinkPad line, in 2005, and since that time Lenovo has made all ThinkPad computers.
IBM Invents ThinkPad
IBM's first ThinkPad was the 700c back in 1992, which won accolades for its size, power and hardware. Notable was the black case -- at the time, most computers were off-white -- that was inspired by Japanese Shokado Bento lunch boxes, the removable hard drive, concave keyboard keys, a front-loading floppy disk drive and the TrackPoint nub navigation device that would become a herald of the ThinkPad line and still exists in ThinkPad models today, although modern ThinkPads come with a track pad as well.
IBM's Later ThinkPads
In 1994, ThinkPad released the first model laptop that included a CD drive, the 755CD. Later years saw further modifications to the ThinkPad line, such as the addition of DVD-ROM in 1997 with the ThinkPad 770, and the ThinkLight, a small light that illuminated the keyboard for use in low-light situations such as late night on an airplane. The models changed but always focused on business professionals and making a laptop that was durable, easy to use and powerful.
Lenovo Buys ThinkPad
In 2005, IBM's personal computing division was losing money -- a lot of money -- and the ThinkPad line was at a low with other companies trumping it with new colors, styles and customizations that made the once-proud line look old and dated. IBM decided against trying to turn the division around itself, and agreed to divest its PC division to rival computer maker Lenovo, then the ninth largest computer manufacturer in the world. IBM acquired more than 18 percent stake in Lenovo. The latter company instantly became the third largest computer manufacturer in the world behind HP and Dell.
Lenovo's ThinkPad of Today
In a show of both humility and brilliance, Lenovo hired a lot of IBM executives to senior management in the new, larger company. As a result many of the people working on ThinkPad line today are the same folks who worked on the original ThinkPad line in the 1990s. Modern ThinkPads receive accolades for the same rugged, business-centric and powerhouse designs. The ThinkPad is still black, but the new X1 T431s, for example, includes carbon fiber and magnesium in the chassis for increased durability, a solid-state drive for super-fast data access and up to 12GB of RAM, showing Lenovo is still pushing the envelope with the ThinkPad line.
Photo Credits
- Sean Gallup/Getty Images News/Getty Images


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|- Knolik
metabolite defined in 1951 yearmetabolite - metabolite;
metabolite - Substance which takes part in a process of metabolism. Most metabolites are made by the organism in the course of metabolism; others must be taken in from the environment, the organism being unable to make them itself; in still other cases part of the supply of a particular metabolite may be made by the organism, part taken in. Autotrophic organisms need to take in only inorganic metabolites, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, nitrates, and a number of trace elements from the environment. Heterotrophic organisms need, as well as inorganic metabolites, a wide range of organic metabolites from the environment, varying much from species to species, but including certain ammo-acids and vitamins.
near metabolite in Knolik
definition of word "metabolite" was readed 1032 times
|Legal info


text:
Cooking is a most serious affair at La Baye des Anges.
Our kitchen is fitted with a La Cornue oven and has all the necessary perks for you to enjoy cooking delicious meals with your fresh-from-the-market goods.
It opens onto the patio, the terrace and the dining room, but is also has a eat-in kitchen that sits 10.
A charcoal barbecue atop the terrace completes the equipment. It is built-in the stone wall, and is large enough to feed a large party.
In 2018, we created a kitchen garden located literally in front of the kitchen makes cooking fresh ingredients a breeze!
A second kitchen is set in the pool house, to serve the dining area by the pool and the pétanque.


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Your husband comes in the door, and you go to greet him. Suddenly, you stop. Why this man isn't your husband at all. He looks just like your better-half, but no! That's definitely not him. Or at least that's what your brain thinks. This type of delusion is not what you are used to in normal day to day life. It is an example of Capgras syndrome. Many other delusion disorders are categorized as DMI or delusional misidentification syndrome. These disorders usually center around one idea and make the world a very strange place for the people who have them, as they see everyone in disguise or perhaps don't even recognize their own bodies.
1. Deja vu
It isn't exactly a delusional misidentification syndrome, but it's just as disturbing as one. Deja vu happens to a lot of us. You see something and immediately feel like that is something you've seen before or done before. But some people have chronic déjà vu. They remember things which never happened, like already watching the news, going to a friend's funeral, or meeting someone for the first time. For them, nothing is new. One man said he wouldn't go to a doctor to find out what was wrong because he thought he had already been. But he hadn't!
2. Frégoli syndrome or Frégoli delusion
Named after a quick-change artist, Leopoldo Frégoli, the Frégoli delusion or Frégoli syndrome leads people to believe that the people around them are actually other people in disguise. For example, you see your doctor and think that it's your ex-girlfriend disguised as your doctor. One patient was convinced that two famous actresses put on the guise of her nurses and acquaintances to pester her [source: Edelstyn]. People with Frégoli delusion think that the people around them are capable of changing their appearance, dress, and gender in a matter of moments, with only nearly imperceptible clues to their real identity.
3. Cotard's syndrome or Cotard's delusion
Cotard's syndrome refers to the belief that the person is missing one of their body parts or has become emotionally dead. Some people with Cotard's think that they no longer exist because they don't feel anything. It usually occurs in psychoses like schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Patients' complaints run from "My heart doesn't beat" to "I think my brain is rotting. They think they're the walking dead.
4. Intermetamorphosis
People with this syndrome think that familiar people in their lives have switched identities, both physically and psychologically. While Fregoli syndrome involves just a physical transformation, intermetamorphosis includes oneself. You might, for instance, decide that your mother is really your sister, and every time you see your mother, you see him as having the physical attributes of your sister.
5. Capgras delusion
Capgras delusion is a disorder in which a person holds a delusion that a friend, spouse, parent, or another close family member (or pet) has been replaced by an identical-looking impostor. It can occur in acute, transient, or chronic forms. Cases in which patients hold the belief that time has been "warped" or "substituted" have also been reported. Imagine how disturbing it would be to have someone who looks like a loved one sits down with you and know intimate details about your life, even though you're sure that this person is an imposter.


text: In 2010 I was approached by the German Warsteiner brewery to design a special garden tool for their special customers and came up with this idea. Our own transplanting trowel, article 4007 and made a combination with a bottle opener a perfect trowel for planting and very useful for the "after garden" jobs. A favourite item, a perfect and very practical gift. This transplanting trowel comes with an ash wood handle.


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- engleman10513
- 7 years ago
- Wedding: May 2001
Wondering how many people included their parents names on the invite? Is this a cultural norm? Did they expect it or get offended if you didn't? Opinions on this?
Wondering how many people included their parents names on the invite? Is this a cultural norm? Did they expect it or get offended if you didn't? Opinions on this?
I think its a cultural thing. My cousin did but my brother didn't. For my cousin she did it to honor her mother and late father (he'd died just the year before).
Our parents demanded it. My Future Mother-In-Law also said that the women's names go before the men's (which I don't like, but it wasn't worth arguing) and because women go first her and her husband went before my Future Father-In-Law and his wife. AND all six parents came before either me or my FI's name, since they are both contributing to the wedding. That annoyed me to, since Fiance and I are contributing the most LOL.
@engleman10513: I will because they're paying for most of it. Seems like quite literally the least I could do, guess I'll have to let them move in with me when they get old and senile…sigh. 😉
@engleman10513: We will not be including parents' names on ours. His mother is deceased, his dad will not be contributing financially and neither will my mom. My dad might help but we aren't going to just put his name. We put their names in the engagement announcement in the newspaper. Maybe we'll do the same for the wedding announcement and call it a day.
I also don't care if they get offended 😉 I have been pretty good at disregarding every decision they are trying to influence so far. Open your wallet or shut your trap! We paid for our own college and now are footing the bill for the wedding and I'll be damned if we don't do it our own way if it's our money!
…. Sorry for the rant. Can you tell I just got off the phone with my mother who is mad that we aren't having a full service bar? Wine and beer and signature cocktails will be plenty unless someone else wants to pay the difference – we don't even drink!
Oh my gosh just called my parents to make sure they didn't care. Of course my mom suddenly has a huge option about this. And inviting more of her own friends than me isn't enough.
I think my parents assumed they'd be on it. His aren't from the US and weren't aware of the tradition, either way. We WANTED to put them all on it, however. Our situation is a bit odd, since FI's parents are paying for the reception we chose to put all four of their names at the top, before ours, instead of breaking it up with our names in the center and his parents below.
We didn't put our parents on. Not even a "together with their parents/families" line. We paid for the whole thing.
Honestly, we didn't even ask any of our parents about it.
Nobody has ever said anything.
@engleman10513: My parents are paying but his parents are paying for rehearsal dinner and wedding flowers and honeymoon, so it will be something like:
Bride's parents
invite you to celebrate with us as
son of
Groom's parents
are married
I agree with jennmariee. My parents paid for the wedding so their names were on the invite. I figured it was the least I could do since they were paying for the whole thing! I always thought it depended on who was "hosting" IE – paying. If DH and I had paid I probably would have just put our names on the invite.
Traditionally you put on the names of whoever is helping you pay but I'm not sure how many people actually do that anymore. We just wrote "Together with their parents" because we really didn't want 6 names written above ours (all were helping pay). I don't think Mother-In-Law was too happy but it was just way too busy with all of the names on there.
Just got our invites and we didn't put either of our parents names on them. Our parents don't care / are indifferent to this.
I didn't. My parents are paying but his dad isn't able to contribute anything. My parents didn't care though as our invitations were pretty informal anyway.
We put my moms name. She is paying for most of the wedding and it was important to her.
Both sets of parents contributed greatly so both sets of parents r in the invite. They did not expect it. Honestly though, I would've had their names on there regardless of whether or not they gave us any money. for us, it was a respect thing to add their names.
The topic 'Did you include your parents names on invite? Did they expect it?' is closed to new replies.


text:
Having problems with your Acer Aspire 5580 Notebook ?
My Lenova Laptop is not recognizing its battery.
\015 It doesn't operate without being plugged in.\015
Answers :
Battery is no longer holding charge. Need to replace.
Repair Help & Product Troubleshooting for Acer Aspire 5580 Notebook
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text:
"Making the Difference: An Industrial Engineering Capstone Design Experience to Benefit Adults with Disabilities" is a project sponsored by the National Science Foundation under the CBET program (Grant #1403753). The research team is composed by Mayra I. Méndez Piñero, Principal Investigator (PI), Cristina Pomales-García, Co-PI and María de los A. Irizarry, Co-PI.
Making the Difference: An Industrial Engineering Capstone Design Experience to Benefit Adults with Disabilities
Project Background
The 2010 U.S. Census Bureau (2010 Census Data, 2012) statistics revealed the U.S. had an average of 11.9% of people with disabilities. The same statistics show Puerto Rico with a 19.7% of people with disabilities. These numbers position the island as the U.S. territory with the highest percent of individuals with disabilities. Adults with disabilities have numerous special needs and are a community with low visibility and in occasions unattended. Based on the Census Bureau statistics, Puerto Rico's reality offer great opportunities to make significant contributions to the population of adults with disabilities.
The research work presented herein has been funded by a project consortium founded by the National Science Foundation (NSF) that seeks to benefit adults with disabilities. The project Making the Difference: An Industrial Engineering Capstone Design Experience to Benefit Adults with Disabilities was designed to give industrial engineering senior students a unique design experience nurturing their understanding on the contribution industrial engineers can have on the quality of life of humanity.
Industrial Engineering Capstone Design Course
Capstone design projects at the Industrial Engineering program at the University of Puerto Rico at Mayaguez (UPRM), are normally focused on service or manufacturing industries searching to optimize productivity and/or quality of services. This research work entails a significant change in the focus of IE capstone design projects at UPRM. Through the research work performed in this project students are given the opportunity to interact with health care professionals; increase their knowledge in the legal and ethical issues related to the design process; and gain awareness, sensibility and knowledge on the needs of adults with disabilities, therefore broadening their IE knowledge.
The identification of special needs in adults with disabilities throughout this research work is done in collaboration with nonprofit institutions that offer services or provide employment to the adult population with disabilities. These are the Mayaguez Association for People with Disabilities-Center for Sensorial Stimulation and Passive Recreation (AMPI); the Puerto Rico Assistive Technology Program (PRATP); the UPRM Dean of Students office; and Puerto Rico Industries for the Blind (PRIFB). Senior students design and build prototypes focused on the identified needs to: foster independence and self-care; improve the safety and quality of life of these individuals; augment their functional capabilities; develop and enhance therapeutic devices, and/or increase productivity for the blind or visually impaired workers.
A particular characteristic of these design projects is that they are worked by two senior industrial engineering students balanced in gender, with the collaboration of a graduate student as mentor from mechanical engineering who becomes part of the prototype design process. In one instance senior students interacted with high school students to gather ideas in the development of a prototype design. Another objective of this research work is the involvement of high school students to promote the industrial engineering program.
Students tackle the capstone design project following the systematic engineering methodology described in Figure 1 consisting of the following eight steps:
- Identification of a problem focusing on the needs of an individual with disabilities and clearly stating project objectives.
- Research and data collection. The problem then needs to be justified using three basic perspectives: observations, expert interviews, and literature review.
- A quantitative engineering analysis of data collected.
- Development of design alternatives. These are evaluated by team members and experts (i.e. mechanical engineer, physical therapist, occupational therapist, psychologist, neurologist, speech pathologist among other clinical specialist, etc.) using multiple criteria such as cost, feasibility, usability, fit, durability, among others.
- Construction of a prototype.
- Implementation and design refinement.
- Prototype validation.
- Documentation of results.
Capstone Course Projects
This research project started in August 2014. Throughout the past three years eleven (11) projects have been completed with their corresponding prototypes. Based on experts' and end users' evaluations, results have been highly successful and gratifying to all parts. Links with descriptions of each project and its authors, the final project poster and available drawings and user manual for each design are provided below.
Publications and Presentations
Méndez-Piñero, Mayra I., Pomales-García, Cristina and Irizarry, María. Industrial Engineering Students Making a Difference – Capstone Design Projects Impacting Adults with Disabilities. 2017 ASEE Zone 2 Spring Conference, March 2 – 5, 2017, Caribe Hilton, San Juan, Puerto Rico. (Presentation Slides)
Méndez-Piñero, Mayra I., Irizarry, María, and Pomales-García, Cristina. A Non-Traditional Capstone Design Project Experience for Industrial Engineering Students. Proceedings of the 5th Annual World Conference of the Society for Industrial and Systems Engineering, San Francisco Bay Area, CA, USA, October 13-14, 2016. (Presentation Slides)