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Reloaded Aztec football team gunning for third-straight Mountain West title
July 24, 2017
A young and talented San Diego State football team faces both high expectations and a lot of questions as the two-time defending Mountain West Conference champion begins its 2017 season. Head coach Rocky Long and several student athletes spoke to members of the media at the team's annual media day Thursday, July 20 at the Fowler Athletic Center.
Long began the event with a twenty-minute informal press conference, fielding questions about this season's expectations. The Aztecs will start as one of the favorites to win the Mountain West Conference championship after winning a second consecutive title en route to an 11-3 record and a Las Vegas Bowl victory last season.
The Aztecs, however, will be fielding a more youthful squad this year, something which Long believes could be a big factor while the team attempts to repeat its recent success.
"We are going to be a very talented football team," Long said, "(but)we're not near as experienced as we were last year, and experience in college makes a huge difference."
One area of change will be filling the void at running back left by the departure of Donnel Pumphrey. Pumphrey, who was selected by the NFL's Philadelphia Eagles as the 132nd pick in the 2017 draft, led all FBS rushers last season with 2133 yards and broke the all-time FBS rushing record with 6405 rushing yards over his four years coming out of the backfield.
Taking his place as the starting running back will be senior Rashaad Penny, who finished the 2016 season with 1018 rushing yards and 1866 combined all purpose yards. Penny is most well known for his special teams contributions returning kickoffs, earning him two consecutive Mountain West Special Teams Player of the Year awards.
Long has nothing but confidence in his new starter and heaped praise on Penny while declaring him the most talented all-around back in college football.
"In my opinion, Rashaad Penny is the best running back in the country," Long said. "He's the most versatile, he returns kickoffs better than all of them, he catches the ball just as good as all of them. He runs with power, he runs with speed and he can make you miss."
The team is also relying on continued growth from junior quarterback Christian Chapman, who threw for 1994 yards last season with 20 touchdowns against only six interceptions.
"I think that he's developed into a better quarterback as he's played, so we expect him to make more plays on his own this year than in the past," Long said. "I think that the way we're able to run the ball in the past he's been a game manager, I think he's going to be more than that this year."
One player who looks to be a beneficiary of plenty of passes from Chapman this season is wide receiver Mikah Holder, who is returning for his senior season after having lead the team in receptions (27), yards (581), and touchdowns (5) in 2016. This season Holder is focused on being a more consistent player and is not shying away at the prospect of taking on a heavier workload.
"I know that we're a run-based offense but I hope that we can bring an aspect of throwing more to our offense," Holder said. "If we do need it I'm more than willing to step into that role and be that guy."
Junior defensive lineman Noble Hall is another player looking to make a big impact this season. Hall, who is moving from defensive tackle to defensive end, said he is excited to make the transition, believing it will allow him to better compete on the field at a position he is more familiar with.
"They moved me to nose tackle, I wasn't really too familiar with playing so interior like that," Hall said. "I like to edge pass rush so once I feel like I get that edge rush I'll be good."
Hall is especially excited to show off his ability to get into the backfield when the Aztecs host Stanford on Sept. 16, a game which might go a long way in putting the team back in the national spotlight.
"I'm really looking forward to that game," Hall said. "That's the game I feel like if I do good I'll really get more publicity for myself, get my name out there because that's big time football."
Junior kicker and 2016 Lou Groza award finalist John Baron II is also excited to show off his talents this season, after a sophomore campaign that is sure to bring more attention to himself after he set school records in field goals made (21) and field goal percentage (.913).
"It definitely gets me excited for this season knowing that I have more exposure and more people looking at me," Baron said.
Baron, who was also a 2016 First-Team All-Mountain West selection, believes that the team has what it takes to build on last year and deliver another successful season.
"Expectations are really high, but I feel like this team has really bought in," Baron said. "I'm expecting a really good season out of us this year."
The Aztecs' first game of the 2017 football season will be at Qualcomm Stadium on Sept. 2, when they host the Aggies of UC Davis.


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Keema Shepherd's Pie
This is a new take on traditional Shepherd's Pie but with a twist. The filling is a lamb keema base and the topping is prepared mash (or you can make your own with either a mixture of sweet potatoes or butternut squash and potatoes then sprinkled with breadcrumbs for an extra crunch.
prep time
15 mins
cook time
20 minutes
4 people
- 450g//1lb prepared lamb keema
- 150ml/¼pint good, hot lamb or vegetable stock
- 675g/1½lb prepared root vegetable mash or any mash of your choice
- 30ml/2tbsp fresh or dried breadcrumbs
- 30ml/2tbsp freshly chopped flat-leaf parsley or coriander
Put the prepared keema in a large non-stick pan with the stock and heat for 3-4 minutes until piping hot, breaking up the mixture with a wooden spoon. Preheat the oven to Gas mark 4, 180°C, 350°F.
Spoon the lamb into a large ovenproof baking dish or 4 small ovenproof dishes. Heat the mash and spoon over the keema. Sprinkle over the breadcrumbs.
Cook in the oven for 20 minutes until the mash is golden. Garnish with the herbs and serve with a selection of seasonal vegetables.

subset: commoncrawl


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"Hi, I'm calling from the airport in North Carolina, Raleigh/Durham. Uh, and I just wanted to give some information about the baby, which I have now seen. Her name is Harriet Mariah. She's 21 inches long and 9 lbs 11 oz. Um, I got this information from my dad who is hoping to see my sister and Harriet, pretty soon. sometime between 3 and 4, hopefully. I'm going to call them again when I get home, which will be early this evening just to see when I should go up for a visit. Right now I'm thinking tomorrow evening but I don't know this (?person?) thing is still kind of unclear except that everything went fine everyone is healthy, but beyond that I don't know what. So that's the situation, I'm looking forward to getting back to providence although I had a great time in North Carolina. So long."
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RN Jobs in Oklahoma
Thanks for visiting Gifted Healthcare. Here you will find hundreds of high paying Travel Nurse Jobs in Oklahoma. If you're interested in applying simply click on one of the jobs below and fill out our quick apply form. We understand that you're busy and we want to make your application process as convenient as possible. That's why we made our quick app simple and straightforward. Once you apply you'll have an opportunity to complete a full application at your leisure.
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Journal of soil science and plant nutrition
versión On-line ISSN 0718-9516
J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr. vol.11 no.3 Temuco 2011
Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 2011, 11 (3), 111-124
Biochemical and microbiological properties of Argentinean Patagonia soil with implanted forest species
R.L. Defrieri, G. Sarti, M.F. Tortarolo, J. Escobar-Ortega, I. García de Salamone, F. D'Auria, D. Effron
Facultad de Agronomía. UBA. Av. San Martín 4453.Buenos Aires. Argentina. E mail: email@example.com
The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of two implanted forest species with different vegetal residue chemical compositions on the biological and biochemical properties of soil. The study site was located in the INTA Forestal Station of Trevelin, Chubut, Argentina. Samples were extracted from soil in forest plots dominated by Radiata Pine (Pinus radiata D. Don.) or European Ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.). Microbial respiration, dehydrogenase activity, community-level physiological profile (CLPP) and index of microbial community functional diversity were used as biological parameters; and acid phosphatase, protease and β-glucosidase activities were employed as biochemical parameters. Microbial respiration, dehydrogenase and acid phosphatase activities showed greater values in soil under European Ash trees; however, significant differences in protease and β-glucosidase activities were not observed among species. The higher organic C content of soil under European Ash trees and lower lignin and greater N and P content of the leaves of European Ash trees could be responsible for the greater biological and biochemical activities observed in the soil. Principal component analysis (for PC1) showed significant differences in the physiology of microbial communities associated with these forest species. The Shannon-Weaver Index (H) of the functional diversity of microflora did not present significant differences among forest species.
Keywords: forest soil, implanted tree species, microbial respiration, dehydrogenase activity, microbial functional diversity, enzymatic activity
1. Introduction
The type of vegetation cover and dominant tree species of forest ecosystems affects the chemical, biological and biochemical properties of soils (Priha et al., 2001). Due to the accumulation of organic residue, a significant proportion of the nutrients extracted from soil are retained by trees, and the decomposition of plant residue releases nutrients, which can be reused by vegetation and microorganisms (Smolander and Kitunen, 2002, Ayres et al., 2006). Moreover, tree roots influence the development and activity of microflora. Previous studies have shown that the composition of the soil microbial community may be influenced by the diversity of plant species or the type of forest vegetation/afforestation (Balser and Firestone, 2005). Therefore, the characteristics of microflora are dependent on the biomass and quality of materials produced by different tree species (Smolander and Kitunen, 2002). Microorganisms play a fundamental role in many essential processes and functions carried out in the soil and affect metabolism and plant growth (Paul and Clark, 1996).
Dehydrogenase, an intracellular enzyme, and carbon microbial respiration are parameters of soil biological activity. In contrast, the activities of extracellular enzymes are a measure of the potential of soil to carry out biochemical processes responsible for the release of nutrients to plants and microorganisms through the transformation of organic matter. Microbial communities and soil biological activity are closely linked to nutrient cycling (Ushio et al., 2008). However, soil microbial diversity also affects soil biological activity. To determine microbial diversity, microorganisms must be quantified and identified, and the functional role of microorganisms must be investigated (Kjoller et al., 2000). Several studies have shown that functional diversity, especially the catabolic versatility of microorganisms and degradation potential of a soil, is more important than the taxonomic diversity of the community (Balser and Firestone, 2005). In previous studies, microplates with different carbon substrates were used to identify functional differences in soil bacterial communities. Using this methodology, differences in carbon source use profiles were associated with different types of vegetation and water samples (Garland and Mills, 1991, Semmartin et al., 2010).
Because biological and biochemical properties are closely associated with many functions carried out in the soil, these parameters are excellent indicators of soil quality. Long-term productivity is based on the development of management strategies for the maintenance and protection of soil quality, which can be evaluated through sensitive and appropriate indicators.
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of two implanted tree species with different plant residue chemical compositions on microbiological parameters such as microbial respiration, dehydrogenase activity, microbial functional diversity and biochemical properties of soil, including various enzyme activities (β-glucosidase, acid phosphatase and proteases).
2. Materials and methods
2.1. Study site and sample collection
The research site is located in the Forest Station of the Argentinian Agricultural Technology Institute (INTA) of Trevelin, Province of Chubut, Argentina, at 43° south latitude, 71° 31' west longitude (altitude = 470 m). The surface station is approximately 3.020 ha in size, and large areas of native forest and numerous experimental plots implanted with different species are present. The soils are classified as Andisols, and the original material consisted of volcanic ash mixed with colluvium material. In addition, the soils can be distinguished by the presence of amorphous components (allophane and imogolite). The climate is characterised by an average rainfall of 942 mm per year, of which 80.6% occurs between April and September. The annual maximum mean temperature is 15.7°C, and the annual minimum mean temperature is 3.4°C. In December and February of each year, temporary droughts occur, which affect the growth and development of several forest species.
In total, ten trees of each species in good sanitary stages with similar diameters were selected. A composite sample of soil was obtained from four subsamples taken from underneath each of the selected trees. Soil samples were collected from the soil surface (at a depth of 10 cm) at the foothill of two 2-ha plots forested with Radiata Pine (Pinus radiata D. Don.) and European Ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.). The plots had identical implantation times (50 years). Soil samples were taken after removing the litter from the soil surface and were obtained at the same distance from the trunk of the selected tree. Wet samples were taken to the laboratory, stored in plastic bags and refrigerated at 4°C until analysis. Samples were sieved on a 4-mm or 2-mm mesh sieve, depending on the analysis. The results were expressed based on dry soil analysed at 105°C.
In addition, five samples of fresh fallen leaves of each species were air-dried, milled (<0.5 mm) and analysed in duplicate to determine the content of nitrogen, phosphorus, lignin and cellulose.
2.2. Soil analysis
Microbial Carbon respiration (Anderson, 1982): carbon due to microbial respiration was determined by measuring CO2 released during soil incubation.
Dehydrogenase activity (Gong, 1996): soil samples were incubated with a solution of a quaternary ammonium salt (chloride of 2-p-iodofenil-3-p-nitrophenyl-5-phenyl tetrazolium or INT), which functions as an artificial electron acceptor. Formazan (INTF) produced during incubation was extracted and determined colourimetrically.
Activity of hydrolytic enzymes:
Activity of acid phosphatase (EC 18.104.22.168) (Dick et al., 1996): soil samples were incubated with p-nitrophe-nyl phosphate as a substrate, and p-nitrophenol released from the soil was determined colourimetrically (without toluene).
Protease activity (Ladd and Butler, 1972, modified by Dilly and Munch, 1996): soil samples were incubated with casein as a substrate, and tyrosine released from the soil was determined colourimetrically using Folin-Ciocalteau reagent.
β-glucosidase activity (EC 18.104.22.168) (Dick et al., 1996): soil samples were incubated with p-nitrophenyl B D-glucoside as a substrate, and p-nitrophenol released from the soil was determined colourimetrically. Microbial functional diversity was measured by determining the use of various carbon sources, according to the technique described by Garland and Mills (1991) and adapted by García de Salamone (2007). The analysis of community level physiological profiles (CLPP) of carbon use was performed using sterile microplates. In the present study, only four composite samples from each tree species were considered. Soil suspensions and dilutions were made for each sample. A 10-4-dilution was used to inoculate the microplates, which were incubated at 30°C for 4 days. Absorbance records at 590 nm were obtained using an automated microplate reader Multiskan EX TM, (Thermo Corporation, Vantaa, Finland). Absorbance data were analyzed and the indexes of Shannon-Weaver (H) were calculated to characterize functional diversity as described by Gómez et al. (2004).
Chemical parameters: The organic carbon content was determined according to the method described by Walkley and Black (Nelson and Sommers, 1982), and the soluble carbon content was determined using a volumetric technique (Tinsley, 1950). The total N content was determined by the Kjeldahl method (Page et al., 1982), and extractable P was measured using Bray-Kurtz No. 1 (Olsen and Sommers, 1982)
2.3. Foliar analysis
The N content was determined according to the semi-micro Kjeldahl method (Page et al., 1982), and the available P content was measured according to the Murphy-Riley method (1962). The lignin-cellulose content was determined using the method described by Anderson and Ingram (1993).
2.4. Statistical analysis
Carbon respiration, dehydrogenase and extracellular activities and chemical soil variables were statistically analysed using a one-way analysis of variance, and a completely randomised design was employed. Prior to the ANOVA, the normality of the data and homogeneity of the variance were verified. Mean comparisons were performed using Tukey's test (p < 0.05). CLPP were obtained using multivariate principal component analysis. The statistical software INFOSTAT/PRO-FESIONAL ® Versión 1.1 (University of Rio Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina) was used for the analyses.
3. Results
Microbial carbon respiration and dehydrogenase activity (microbial activity) showed significant differences (p < 0.05) among soils between the two species (Fig1 and 2). The highest values for these two variables corresponded to soil under European Ash trees.
The mean acid phosphatase activity was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in soil under European Ash trees (Figure 3). Although the protease activity (Figure 4) did not show significant differences among species (p < 0.05), higher activities were observed under European Ash trees. The b-glucosidase activity (Figure 5) of soil did not show significant differences (p < 0.05) among species. Similarly, significant differences in the soluble C content (Table 1) of soil were not observed among species.
a, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">The N and P content of senescent leaves showed the highest values in European Ash trees; however, the lignin and cellulose content showed the lowest values in this species (Table 2).
In the principal component analysis (PCA), the carbon substrate use patterns explained 40% and 20% of the total variance for PC1 and PC2, respectively (Figure 6). The physiologies of microbial communities associated with both forest species were significantly different, as indicated by the variance in the PC1 values. The Pearson correlation coefficients, which are shown in brackets for each of the carbon sources, were the highest for dextrose (0.28), malic acid (0.27), salicylic acid (0.27) and putrescine (0.27). The group formed by glutamine, proline, arginine, histidine and cellobiose showed intermediate values (0.26 to 0.23). The other carbon sources (lactic acid, mannitol, Tween 20, itaconic acid, citric acid, glycine, maltose, rhamnose, glycerol, phenylalanine, xylose, fructose, benzoic acid and oxalic acid) showed values less than 0.22. The absorbance values of the four carbon sources indicated that the substrates differentially promoted the activity of microbial communities associated with both tree species (Table 3). Thus, phenylalanine and oxalic acid were the predominant carbon source of the micro-bial community associated with European Ash trees, while dextrose and arginine were the predominant carbon source of microflora in the soil under Radiata Pine trees.
The Shannon Weaver (H) index of microbial functional diversity did not show significant differences among microbial communities associated with European Ash and Radiata Pine trees (Figure 7).
4. Discussion
Microbial respiration and dehydrogenase activity in the soil under European Ash trees were greater than that of Radiata Pine trees due to differences in the leaf N, lignin and cellulose contents of the residues (Table 2). A lower ratio lignin/cellulose and higher foliar N content could be associated with a higher rate of plant material decomposition and greater biological and biochemical activity in the soil (Osono and Takeda, 2005). Similar results have been observed by Paul et al. (2002). In the aforementioned study, soil CO2 production in Eucalyptus forest was compared to that of a plantation of Radiata Pine trees. The lower production of CO2 in the latter was attributed to the relatively low quality of the litter. Recalcitrant phenolic compounds such as lignin and tannins inhibit microbial activity, slowing the rate of decomposition and mineralisation of soil organic matter (Satti et al. 2003).
In contrast, the higher acid phosphatase activity under European Ash cover could be related to the high leaf P content of this species, which is associated with a high rate of plant residue decomposition.
Although significant differences in the protease activity of soil under the species (p < 0.05) were not observed, a tendency toward higher values was detected in soil under European Ash trees. In accordance with our results, protease activities recorded by Rivas et al. (2009), which were obtained from soil under Nothofagus obliqua (Mirb) Oerst., were higher than those of Radiata Pine. However, the authors also demonstrated that the protease activity presented seasonal variations. Thus, protease activity levels in the forest soil of Nothofagus obliqua were significantly higher than those observed in the soil of Radiata Pine in several months of the year.
The β-glucosidase activity of soil may be related to the soluble carbon content (a measure of the amount of labile carbon) (Table 1), which did not show significant differences among species. The association between these two variables may be attributed to the involvement of b-glucosidase in the final pathways of the C cycle when soluble carbon compounds with low molecular weight are produced (Jiménez et al., 2004).
The higher organic carbon content (Table 1) could partially explain the higher microbial and extracellular enzyme activities. Additionally, our results could be explained by differences in the composition of plant material produced by each species. High percentages of lignin and high ratios of lignin/cellulose materials indicate the presence of recalcitrant substances. The percentage of lignin and the lignin/cellulose and lignin/N ratio observed in the leaves of European Ash are 7.2%, 0.68 and 0.25, respectively, while those of Radiata pine are 14.3%, 0.81 and 1.32. These results show that European Ash trees present lower lignin contents and lignin/cellulose and lignin/N ratios than Radiata Pine, which is reasonable considering that European Ash is a broadleaf species and Radiata Pine is a conifer.
In accordance with our results, Priha et al. (2001) concluded that forest species such as birch (Betula pendula and Betula pubescens) show higher carbon respiration values and enzyme activities than those in soil under Spruce (Picea mariana). The authors suggested that the differences in carbon respiration rates and enzyme activities may be due to differences in the amount of labile carbon released by each species and the impact on soil microorganisms. Chodak and Niklinska (2010) found that tree species such as Alder (Alnus glutinosa) accumulate greater amounts of carbon and nitrogen in the soil and have larger and more active microbial communities than do plantations with Pines (Pinus sylvestris) and Larches (Larix decidua), indicating that broadleaf species stimulate more growth in microbial communities than conifers.
The carbon sources that showed differential microbial activities among tested soils (Table 3) are often present in the rhizosphere of plants (Bolton et al., 1993). The CLPP technique allows the growth of culturable microflora to be compared. The significantly lower utilisation of dextrose by the microbial community associated with soil beneath European Ash trees could indicate that the relatively high values of microbial respiration (Figure 1), dehydrogenase activity (Figure 2) and acid phosphatase activity (Figure 3) of this tree species are related to the use of carbon sources that are less accessible, such as phenylalanine and oxalic acid. Because the assay allows the growth of microflora over a short period of time, the microbial community associated with Radiata Pine was more adapted to the availability of dextrose and aginine. Similar results have been obtained for several different crops, including rice (García de Salamone et al., 2010), wheat (Naiman et al., 2009) and pasture (Semmartin et al., 2010). Moreover, microbial communities in the rhizosphere can respond to changes produced by applied management conditions.
Differences in the physiology of microflora were observed in the CLPP; however, significant differences in the Shannon Weaver (H) index of microbial functional diversity were not detected among microbial communities associated with both tree species (Figure 7) due to the overlapping and redundancy of functions among members of the microbial community (Naeem et al., 1995). In accordance with our results, several studies have shown that differences among plant species do not necessarily involve changes in soil processes (Semmartin et al. 2008).
5. Conclusions
Microbial respiration, dehydrogenase and acid phosphatase activities were significantly higher in soil associated with European Ash species. Protease and P-glucosidase activities did not show significant differences among species. Microbial communities associated with these two forest species showed different CLPP values and similar H functional diversity indices. In soils under European Ash trees, the higher content of labile C, which was associated with a low lignin content and higher nitrogen and phosphorus levels in leaves, enhanced soil biological and biochemical activity.
The influence of other parameters such as root activity and seasonal factors should be evaluated in future studies. Additionally, other tree species should be studied, and complete comparative and correlation analyses among soil variables and plant species attributes should be conducted.
We thank Eng. Agr. Pedro E. Guerra for advice and collaboration with the fieldwork. We are grateful for funding from UBACyT (G413).
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García de Salamone, I.E.; Di Salvo, L.P.; Escobar Ortega, J.S.; Boa Sorte, M.P.; Urquiaga, S.; Dos Santos Teixeira, K.R. 2010. Field response of rice paddy crop to inoculation with Azospirillum: physiology of rhizosphere bacterial communities and the genetic diversity of endophytic bacteria in different parts of the plants. Plant and Soil 336, 351- 362. [ Links ]
Garland, J., Mills, A. 1991. Classification and characterization of heterotrophic microbial communities on the basis of patterns of community level soil carbon source utilization. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 57, 2351-2359. [ Links ]
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Kjøller, A., Miller, M., Struwe, S., Wolters V., Pflug, A. 2000. Diversity and role of microorganisms. En: Schulze ED (ed) Carbon and nitrogen cycling in European forest ecosystems, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany, pp: 382-402. [ Links ]
Ladd, JN, Butller, JHA. 1972. Short-term assay of soil proteolytic enzyme activities using proteins and dipeptide derivatives as substrates. Soil Biol. Biochem. 4, 19-30. [ Links ]
Murphy, J., Riley, J.P. 1962. A modified single solution method for the determination of phosphate in natural waters. Anal. Chem. Acta, 27, 31-36. [ Links ]
Naeem, S., Thompson, L., Lawler S., Lawton, J.H., Woodfin R.M. 1995. Emprirical evidence that declining species diversity may alter the performance of terrestrial ecosystems. Phil. Trans. R. soc. Lond. B. 345: 249-262. [ Links ]
Naiman, A.D., Latronico, A.E., García de Salamone, I.E. 2009. Inoculation of Wheat with Azospirilum brasilense and Pseudomonas fluorescens: impact on the production and rhizospheric microflora. Eur. J. Soil Biol. 45, 44-51, [ Links ]
Nelson, D.W., Sommers, L.E. 1982. Total carbon, organic carbon and organic matter. En: AL Page; RH Miller; DR Keeney (eds.). Methods of Soil Analysis, Part. 2. 2da. edn. Agronomy 9. American Society of Agronomy, Madison, Wisconsin, USA., pp: 539-579 [ Links ]
Olsen, S.R., Sommers, L.E. 1982. Phosphorus. En: Page, AL; RH Miller; DR Keeny (eds). Methods of soil analysis. Part 2. Madison, Wiscosin, USA, pp: 403-430. [ Links ]
Osono, T., Takeda, H. 2005. Descomposition of organic chemical components in relation to nitrogen dynamics in leaf litter of 14 tree species in cool temperate forest. Ecol. Res. 20, 41-49. [ Links ]
Page, A.L., Miller, R.H., Keeny, D.R. 1982. Methods of soil analysis. Part 2. Second edition. Madison, Wiscosin, USA. 425 p [ Links ]
Paul, E. A., Clark, F. E. 1996. Soil Microbiology and Biochemistry Academic Press, Inc., San Diego, 340 p. [ Links ]
Paul, K., Polglase, P., Nyakuengama, J., Khanna, P. 2002. Change in soil carbon following afforestation. Forest Ecology & Management 168, 241-257. [ Links ]
Priha,O., Grayston, S.J., Hiukka, R., Pennanen, Sm-lander, A. 2001. Microbial community structure and characteristics of the organic matter in soils under Pinus sylvestris, Picea abies and Betula pendula at two forest sites. Biol. Fertil. Soils. 33, 17-24. [ Links ]
Rivas, Y., Oyarzún, C., Godoy, R., Valenzuela, E. 2009. Nitrogen and carbon mineralization and enzyme activity in soils of Nothofagus obliqua (Mirb) Oerst stands and Pinus radiata D. Don plantation in south-central Chile. Revista Chilena de Historia Natural 82, 119-134. [ Links ]
Satti, P., Mazzarino, M., Gobbi, M., Funes, F., Roselli, L. 2003. Soil N dinamics in relation to leaf litter quality and soil fertility in north-western Patagonian forests. Journal of Ecology 91, 173-181 [ Links ]
Semmartin, M., Di Bella, C., García de Salamone, I.E. 2010. Grazing-induced changes in plant species composition affect plant and soil properties of grassland mesocosms. Plant and Soil. 328, 471-481. [ Links ]
Semmartin, M., Garibaldi, L.A., Chaneton, E.J. 2008. Grazing history effects on above- and below-ground litter decomposition and nutrient cycling in two co-occurring grasses. Plant and Soil 303,177-189. [ Links ]
Smolander, A., Kitunen, V. 2002. Soil microbial activities and characteeristics of dissolved organic C and N in relation to tree species. Soil Biology & Biochemistry. 34, 651 - 660. [ Links ]
Tinsley, J.1950. The determination of organic carbon in soils by dichromate mixture. Trans. 4th. Int. Cong. Soil Sci. (Amsterdam) 1, 292- 298. [ Links ]
Ushio, M., Wagai, R., Balser, T.C., Kitayama, K. 2008. Variations in the soil microbial community composition of a tropical montane forest ecosystem: Does tree species matter? Soil Biol. Biochem. 40, 2699-2702. [ Links ]


text:
The current business climate is such that businesses are looking to do things differently in order to survive and thrive. International research indicates that more than 80% of all initiatives in organisations fail to deliver against defined objectives due to the absence of business ownership and buy-in.
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Fully realised, performance management is a holistic process, bringing together many of the elements which go to make up the successful practice of people management, including in particular learning and development.
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A good business strategy, one which is likely to succeed, is informed by people factors. In the majority of organisations people are now the biggest asset. Their knowledge, skills and abilities have to be deployed and used to the maximum effect if the organisation is to create value.


text:
Take-away From Inaugural Kevy Connects
It's no secret to my friends that I don't like networking. But last night, the inaugural Kevy Connects, brainchild of Brooke the marketing director at Kevy, was a blast.
The videos and brilliant comments about the evolution of cloud technology are recorded on
video you can find at Kevy.com, so I won't recap the fun you can have listening to Michael Cohn of Cloud Sherpas, or Silverpop CEO Bill Nussey (who gave admiration to the "global brand" of Mailchimp even as he underscored Silverpop's evolution into marketing automation), or David Cummings, one of the East Coast's top tech visionaries.
Atlanta: World Capital Of B2B Software?
The idea I heard that I liked was that Atlanta should be recognized as a b2b technology center. I think it was Vitrue founder Reggie Bradford who said Atlanta pretty much invented the technology incubator with ATDC, which Forbes ranks among the top 12 incubators that change the world. (For a snapshot of Atlanta core strengths—check out Alan Taetle of Noro-Mosely's summary a couple years ago in FAST COMPANY.)
Cummings made a call for Atlanta, and our region, to be less humble about our achievements.
I try to do just that—my article last month in FAST COMPANY put Pardot's exit alongside YouTube's and Tumblr's, for example, which did earn me a teensy weensy bit of flack—but only from people in Atlanta! In the online world, the article got a lot of love, including retweets from the American Marketing Association and many outstanding entrepreneurs across the country.
Last night, David's comment to be less humble also sparked an insidious rebuttal of its own–indirectly, in that fine Southern manner our grannies would appreciate.
- One of the other panelists mentioned how Atlanta is great, but . . . we don't have a platform company.
- And someone followed up with another perceived lack—this time, we're great, but . . . we don't have enough billion dollar companies.
I came to Kevy Connects from the headquarters of SAIA (a billion dollar company). I find billion dollar companies and near-billion dollar companies in Atlanta under every rock! Seriously. Do we think it's perfect in Silicon Valley—or might they have a few challenges out there too?
So I'm on the record here with my thoughts: Atlanta, I love you, move on. So we don't have a "perfect" technology universe. So what? Companies thrive here every day. A little hardship grows a resilient, tenacious company. Yours can be one of them.
Suggestion: next time our inner Southerner tells us what we have isn't sufficient, let's stomp on her, and instead spend a moment smiling about Atlanta's manifold, and growing, strengths. Thanks to Team Kevy for giving us a great forum to focus on that.
And now I'm gonna go listen to my WE BUILT THIS CITY soundtrack and get to work!
OH! And, my agency was ranked among the top 100 in the U.S. last week. Just making sure I'm not too humble to mention it. 🙂


text:
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text:
- 1 8-ounce package low-fat cream cheese, at room temperature
- 1 9-ounce package artichoke hearts (jarred or canned, cooked fresh, or frozen, but not marinated), drained
- 1 cup steamed spinach (1 pound raw or one 10-oz. package frozen chopped spinach, thawed), well drained
- 1/2 cup non-fat Greek yogurt
- 1/2 cup grated Parmesan cheese
- 2 garlic cloves
- 6 large fresh basil leaves
- 1/2 teaspoons kosher salt
- 1/4 teaspoons freshly ground black pepper
- 1/4 cup shredded mozzarella cheese
Preheat the oven to 375°F. Grease a 2-qt. baking dish.
In a food processor, combine the cream cheese, artichoke hearts, spinach, yogurt, Parmesan, garlic, basil, salt and pepper. Spoon into the baking dish and top with the mozzarella. Bake until bubbling and the top is golden brown, 25-30 minutes.
Serve with crudités and whole grain crackers.


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So the other day I set out to make some of this magical food because 1) I'm getting a little too pregnant to be bothered with cooking all the live long day and 2) it's Kentucky's favorite.
Initially I had planned to make my own tomato sauce with the roasted heirlooms that I had prepared earlier but I decided to make a béchamel sauce instead so the heirlooms could really be showcased in flavor and presentation. I wanted to make it vegetarian because that's how I roll for the most part + ground meat kind of gives me the creeps at the moment so I paired zucchini and mushrooms with delicious artichoke hearts for the filling. (But if you're feeling meaty, a really nice ground sweet italian sausage would pair nicely with the veggies)
Artichoke, Mushroom, Zucchini + Roasted Heirloom White Lasagna
(Serves 8)
For the filling:
1 tablespoon butter
8 oz crimini mushrooms, sliced
2 each zucchini, sliced into half-moons
10 oz marinated artichoke hearts, chopped
4 cloves garlic, sliced
1 cup dry vermouth
For the sauce:
3 tablespoons butter, melted (or clarified butter)
3 tablespoons AP flour
3 cups whole milk
1 1/2 cups grated parmesan cheese
For the topping/etc:
1 package no-boil lasagna noodles (aka best invention of all time)
1/2 cup grated parmesan
1 cup shredded mozzarella
1 cup roasted heirlooms
For the filling:
Heat butter in a large sauté pan and add the mushrooms and the garlic. Sauté until slightly browned and then add the roasted tomatoes, artichokes and vermouth. Cook until vermouth has been almost completely absorbed and season with salt and pepper. Toss in zucchini and cook for two minutes more - the zucchini should stay fairly firm + green. Set aside.
For the sauce:
Heat the butter and whisk in the flour until smooth and it starts to cook - you are making a light roux that will thicken the sauce so you want it to be smooth and light in color. SLOWLY whisk in the milk until well combined and cook for about 10-20 minutes until the sauce is thickened. Add the grated parmesan and season with salt, pepper and a little bit of nutmeg if you desire.
Assemble + Cook:
Pre-heat oven to 350. Spread a cup of the béchamel at the bottom of a glass casserole dish and cover with no-boil noodles. Spread half of the filling over top. Cover with noodles, then more filling, then béchamel, then noodles, then béchamel. Spread remainder of roasted tomatoes over top of the sauce and cover with grated parmesan and shredded mozzarella. Cover the dish with foil and cook for one hour. Turn oven up to 450 degrees and remove the foil from the dish and cook for ten more minutes until cheese is nice and browned.
Also... This dish is really yummy if you doctor it up with a little sriracha... But, then again... What isn't?


text: Doorpost to name top three short films 5:50 PM PDT 9/9/2009 by Staff report , AP FACEBOOK TWITTER EMAIL ME Winners picked by industry pros to be revealed Sept. 19 The second annual Doorpost Film Project will hand out $175,000 in prize money when winners of the short film contest are announced Sept. 19 at the Belcourt Theatre in Nashville, Tenn. Ten finalists, who were chosen earlier this year, were each given $30,000 to produce 15-20 minute films. On Sept. 19, a new committee of industry professionals -- directors Catherine Hardwicke and Dan Ireland; producers Ralph Winter, Todd Black and Fred Roos; screenwriter Larry Lasker; journalists James Greenberg and Sharon Waxman; attorney Michael Donaldson; cinematographer Nancy Schreiber; and producer's rep Jeff Dowd -- will choose the three top winners, who will all receive cash prizes. The public can also watch the competing films and vote at www.thedoorpost.com. All 10 films will be screened next Thursday at the Belcourt Theatre. "This project was created for filmmakers who have a vision for life, a passion for filmmaking and the determination to get their creations seen," said Nathan Elliot, director of the Doorpost Film project. FACEBOOK TWITTER EMAIL ME Staff report email@example.com @thr AP firstname.lastname@example.com @thr


text:
The continuously weakening of the Western economies will have adverse effects on exports, tourism, workers' remittances and incomes in developing countries. There is another and more direct dimension to the "sequestration" on the developing world. The government's spending cuts will affect the budget for aid given to poor countries and to development programmes such as provision of medicines and food, according to a report by the Inter Press Service (IPS).
The new secretary of state, John Kerry, revealed that the State Department and its aid agency USAID, would have to cut US$2.6bil (RM8bil) from their 2013 budget. The cuts would include $200m from humanitarian assistance and $400m from global health programmes. For example, the US would reduce its contribution to the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria by $300m this year, meaning there will be less medicine donated to poor countries. Kerry has written to Congress stating that this reduction would reduce the United States' ability to provide food assistance to two million people and USAID would have to cease, reduce, or not initiate assistance to millions of disaster affected people, and would "gravely impede" efforts at reducing AIDS-related and child deaths.
The IPS report also quoted Jeremy Kadden of InterAction (an alliance of NGOs aiding developing countries) as saying: "These cuts will cost lives. We've made very significant progress over the past 10 years, with real people improving their lives, and this would set that process back enormously, devastating actual people on the ground." He estimated that the budget cuts would lead to some three million children losing access to the basic education they currently receive; two million people would suffer reductions in or stop receiving food aid, while 600,000 children would lose nutrition assistance. Unlike in the United Kingdom, where the Cameron government decided not to cut its aid budget despite huge slashing of the overall government budget, there is no exemption for overseas spending in the US sequestration exercise.
The poor in America will also be affected. About 600,000 low-income women and children will stop receiving food aid. Also affected in the $26bn cut in domestic programmes are health, education, drug enforcement, national parks and Hurricane Sandy relief. Low-income families will also be affected by a cut in public housing subsidies, which could hurt about 125,000 poor families, according to The Guardian. The National Institutes of Health, which will suffer a 5% budget cut, is cancelling hundreds of research grants. Another $16bn in mandatory spending will be cut, including in medicare, agriculture programmes and unemployment benefits.
* Excerpt of the weekly 'Global Trends' column of Martin Khor >>> here.


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Actress-singer Priyanka Chopra has been voted Best India Act at the MTV Europe Music Awards (EMA) 2015 after beating Monica Dogra, Indus Creed, The Ska Vengers and Your Chin, who were also nominated in the same category.
The pop/EDM singer is now pitted against Best Africa Act Diamond Platinumz in the Best Worldwide Act: Africa/India Act category. Fans will now vote their favorite in the category on the MTV website and choose the final winner.
An Indian artiste has never won in this category before (though Yo Yo Honey Singh was nominated twice), and if Priyanka snatches this win, it will be a first for the country.
Priyanka released her first single "In My City" feat. will.i.am in 2012, which sold more than 130,000 copies in its first week, topped the Hindi pop chart and was certified triple platinum. The song was also the theme of NFL's Sunday night football in 2012-13 seasons. The singer received three nominations – Best Female Artist, Best Song and Best Video – for "In My City" at the World Music Awards in 2012.
In 2013, she followed it up with "Exotic" feat. Pitbull, which has over 73 million views on Youtube to date. "Exotic" debuted at number 16 on the Billboard Dance/Electronic Songs and number 11 on the Dance/Electronic Digital Songs chart in 27 July 2013 issue.
She then went on to do an EDM cover of Bonnie Raitt's "I Can't Make You Love Me." She also collaborated with The Chainsmokers for their EDM track "Erase." This year, the "Quantico" star collaborated with N.A.S.A on the world music track "Meltdown," where she sang English and Punjabi vocals. The song was released online last month and has received positive reviews.
EMA winners will be announced Oct. 25, during an event in Milan. There will be six Worldwide Act winners, each representing a different portion of the planet: Africa/India, Asia, Australia/New Zealand, Europe, Latin America, and North America


text:
More than a month after Attorney General Jeff Sessions directed dozens of the country's top federal prosecutors to immediately resign, not one of the 93 US attorney positions has been filled.
"We really need to work hard at that," Sessions said Tuesday after being asked about the vacancies, The Washington Post reported. He added that hiring US attorneys is a process that "does take some months and has traditionally."
Yet Sessions has been traversing the country in recent weeks giving speeches about cracking down on crime, ushering in the "Trump era," and strengthening border and immigration enforcement. He will likely face difficulties implementing his agenda, however, without US attorneys in place, according to experts and former Obama administration officials.
US attorneys are the top federal prosecutors in local districts across the US. Although acting officials are in place until the vacancies are filled, they lack the power of a duly appointed US attorney.
"An acting US attorney doesn't speak with the same authority to a police chief or to a local prosecutor as a Senate-confirmed US attorney does," former Justice Department spokesman Matthew Miller told the Post.
"If you're a Democrat, you're probably happy to have these positions filled by career officials because they're less likely to pursue some of the policies that Jeff Sessions supports. But if you're a supporter of the president, you probably want them to move on those positions," he added.
The acting US attorneys are all well-qualified and will ensure open cases are prosecuted and investigations are followed up on, but they don't necessarily share Trump or Sessions' agenda for law enforcement, James Pfiffner, a professor of public policy at George Mason University, told Business Insider.
"If you're Trump, you probably want people in those positions to make sure that your priorities are represented," Pfiffner said.
In the short term, Sessions also lacks a second- and third-in-command: the deputy attorney general and associate attorney general. Nominations have been made for both positions, but have not yet been confirmed by the Senate.
Sonam Sheth contributed to this report.
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text:
Akmal : Today I'm going to tell u about our Journey in Turkey!
We arrived at Attaturk's International Airport around 5.44 am and the temperature was extremely cold! I remember the captain told us it was around 4 degree celcius!!! waaaaa!! it is a terrible experience for someone who hates coldness (extreme!).. but looking at the excitement on Tina and Akmal's face.. I acted cool! hahaha (seperti tiada ape ape yg terjadi...).
Famous things to buy in Spice Bazaar
Everything went well at the airport except for the transportation to the hotel. There were 15 of us and there was only an MPV to take us! hahha... miscommunication between Abah and the hotel person. Cem fetched us the first group and Abah and the other grumpy-looking-hotel worker took a taxi. Cem still remember me and he still call me "Ibis" hahaha... sounds like Iblis ey? Cem told me the main road to the Airport has changed drastically! Around 60% of the road we travelled is a new;y built highway! thanx god! Less traffic jam! haha...
Family potrait taken on top of Kartepe
We reached hotel around 7.00 am and we were greeted by some annoying-familiar-looking-creatures at the Hotel lobby. Yes.. Curry and his siblings were all there greeting us! They were fully attired! like they're going to play the snow! huuuuu... We had our breakfast after settling wit the Hotel rooms and oh gosh! I really like Hotel Inter's Breakfast! How I really missed them! The menu hasn't changed for the last 6 or 7 years! Hahah SUPER!
A Potrait of Sultan Abdul Aziz wit his Nargile looking at his fellow countrymen
The four head of the families had a very interesting introduction chatting.
ISTANBUL 2009! The First Day.....
Bon Apetit Monsiuer
After having our breakfast.. we took our own time in the room.. bathing, praying, etc and the first tour started at 9.30 am! My room was on the 3rd floor, Uncle Mi's on the 5th and Uncle Ain's on the 2nd. Letiff from the hotel told us that it's impossible to put us all on the same floor since the hotel at the time was fully booked. Its okey then... I spent most of my time on the 1st floor! hahah Curry's room!
The Grand Bazaar!
We started our first journey in the Grand Bazaar.. (in Turkish : Kapalicarsi) This huge and wonderful market has never disappoint any tourist who comes to Istanbul! The kindness of the shoppers and the uniqueness of each shop always attract the tourist although the prices here are slightly higher compared to those shoppers outside of the Grand Bazaar. We brought the others to some of our friends' shop. Wahap (puki puki) was very pleased to meet us and the same goes to Mr Gunay from Sait Koc. Uncle Suhaimi surveyed some of the diamonds at Sait Koc and looing forward to buy some. hahaha!
2 Powerful Goldsmith! Uncle Mi and Mr Gunay
From the Grand Bazaar, we went down straight to The Spice Bazaar. On The way, we met Nani from the taylor shop and he asked us for his photos but unfortunately we left them at home. HAHA sorry Nani. At the Spice Bazaar, as we were all hungry, we had our lunch in Bab-i-Hayat Restaurant. As usual I ordered my favourite Iskender Kebap! And pirinc Sutlac as desert.
Lunch at Bab-i-Hayat
Memories in front of Yenikapi Cemii
From the Spice Bazaar, we took some photos in front of the Yenikapi Camii before taking the tram back to Hotel. It was a tiring walk around the old Istanbul and an exciting one! We called it a day and had our rest at the Hotel. What a marvelous first day in Istanbul wit friends!
p/s : Curry : Aku tak paham!!! macammane aku boleh ade kat Istanbul! dengan kau AB!???
ISTANBUL 2009! The Second Day....
Inside the big Bus Mehmet prepared for us
It is Tuesday and the weather is still cold.. First, we planned to visit the Topkapi Palace but Letiff told us Topkapi Palace is closed on Tuesday. My mother called Mehmet (a friend) and asked him about going to a place with snow. He arranged for us a big bus... a 40 seater bus! hahaha and off we go to Kartepe!
Mama and Baba
Kartepe is located between Izmit and Adapazarı (approx 100 km from South–East of Istanbul). It was a happy journey wit the presence of the three kids Tina, Akmal and Amy. Haha... those adorable babies! makes us laugh most of the time! Especially Amy... haha...
p/s : It was called the first bridge because it was the first bridge! ((hahaha...))
So far So Good eY~? HAHA
Kartepe... this snowy mountain has a very nice hotel on top of it. by the way in Turkish... "Kar" means Snow and "Tepe" is Mountain. Hahaha and that's how it got its name. It was very freezing there on top of the mountain that we can freeze to death if we dont wear proper attire. Thank god I bought a trench coat from Nani the day before and wore my Long John! haha...
Flabby and Abby! :-D HAHAHA
We played snow fight most of the time! and I tell u what.. it's really hard to produce a snow ball! sigh* It was fun to see those kiddies wit their family play the snow... running and yelling... falling and jumping, etc. After having our lunch at a Restaurant there, we started our journey back to Istanbul and thank god they dont use Air Conditioner inside the bus during Winter! HOOOOO.....
Makan Time!!
That night, Curry insisted to have Nargile (shisha).. desperately in need of proper rest... I was forced to follow them! :-p HAHAHAHA....
Underage Nargilehing!
ISTANBUL 2009! The Third Day....
Tina : I'm gonna continue wit our visit to the Topkapi Palace on the third Day!
It was Topkapi Palace Day! Mehmet arrived at the Lobby early in the morning and we started our walk to SultanAhmet area where the Topkapi Palace is situated. The ticket cost 20 T.L now and free for children below 12 years old. Nothing much to see since some of the sections are under renovation but we are lucky the main section and attraction is open for tourist. The main chamber where some of the most precious and valuable Islamic treasures are kept.
Pixcha wit Mehmet Bozdemir (fourth from right)
The Cats here are sooooo fat!..... btw.. Aisya is not a cat....
Treasures like the previous keys to the holy Kaabah, prophet Muhammad's (P.B.U.H) robe, his bow and swords, some Sahabat's swords, the cane of Prophet Musa, Turban of prophet Daud, hand of Prophet Yahya, and many more. The chamber is nicely decorated with some unique Ottoman style lamps, carpets and mosaics and we'll be hearing live Quran recital by the Hafiz in charge. It was a great empire... The Ottomans.. once conquered half of the world!
From Topkapi Palace... we went for our Zohor prayer in the Blue Mosque (Sultan Ahmet Camii) before heading for lunch in a Restaurant somewhere in Sultan Ahmet Area. Once again.. Iskender Kebap! hahahhaa
The Blue Mosque! Dont ever miss this one masterpiece whenever u are in Istanbul
Next stop.. The Grand Bazaar... went to Addy's shop and bought some souvenirs! he was very happy to see us and as usual.. he gave us special prices! Brother Price! hahaha...
Wit Erdem Balci (Addy)
Akmal : Dats all for Today... stay tuned for the remaining 4 days of our journey... Bye..


text:
|Irish, Brian
|Crespo, Arnelis
|Goenaga, Ricardo
|Ayala-Silva, Tomas
|Niedz, Randall
Submitted to: Journal of Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 11/28/2008
Publication Date: 7/9/2009
Citation: Irish, B.M., Crespo, A., Goenaga, R.J., Ayala Silva, T., Niedz, R.P. 2009. Ploidy level and genomic composition of the USDA-ARS Tropical Agriculture Research Station Musa sp. Germplasm Collection. Journal of Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico, 93(1-2):1-22.
Interpretive Summary: Plant genetic resources are being lost at alarming rates due to a number of factors including, urbanization and climate change. As part of the National Plant Germplasm System (NPGS) the USDA ARS Tropical Agriculture Research Station is doing its part to protect these resources. A banana and plantain collection is currently maintained on site and is being characterized for economic, agronomic and molecular traits of importance. Initial efforts focused on the molecular characterization of the collection to determine taxonomic relationships. All current accessions have been classified into specific taxonomic groups and propagation mistakes corrected. In addition the summarized data has provided some useful information regarding the genetic diversity maintained in the collection.
Technical Abstract: Plant germplasm collections serve as repositories for important genes. However, insufficient and inaccurate characterization of the genetic diversity in a collection slows and can prevent full utilization of these collections to maximum potential. Bananas and plantains (Musa sp., Colla) are some of the most important food crops in the world. Germplasm characterization efforts in Musa have focused mostly on agronomic and morphological traits with little effort on molecular markers. Genomic composition in Musa is based on a plant's ploidy level and whether it is of a hybrid origin. The different Musa sp. genomic compositions have been associated with disease and insect resistance, production and flavor characteristics. The USDA-ARS TARS Musa sp. collection consists of 140 accessions many of which are of unknown genomic composition. In an effort to better characterize the collection, RAPD and PCR-RFLP markers as well as flow cytometry were employed to determine genomic composition. In an effort to better characterize the collection, RAPD and PCR-RFLP markers as well as flow cytometry were employed to determine genomic composition. Plant accessions maintained in the collection belong to a wide array of genotypes including accessions which are diploid, triploid and tetraploid, and belong to the Musa acuminata species, as well as diploid, triploid, and tetraploid Musa hybrids.


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First two shows for 2016 are announced
29 Dec 2015
Jools Holland & his Rhythm & Blues Orchestra, The Average White Band and Lee Fields & The Expressions will play at The Festival Theatre in 2016. Tickets are on sale NOW - please call 0131 529 6000 quoting "JazzFest16". Online booking will open on 6th January.
2016 dates confirmed!
30 Jul 2015
We are happy to inform that Edinburgh Jazz & Blues Festival 2016 will take place between 15th and 24th July next year. Make sure you book your holidays accordingly! #feelingexcited #edjazzfest
Thank you and goodnight!
27 Jul 2015
Edinburgh Jazz & Blues Festival 2015 has come to an end and we'd like to say a massive thank you to all who were involved.
Just announced!
21 Jul 2015
The McCrary Sisters to support George Benson.
1 day to go!!!
16 Jul 2015
After a long countdown, who will be the final artist, announcing ONE day to go...?
Full Carnival programme announced!
16 Jul 2015
We're delighted to reveal the finalised lineup for Sunday's spectacular Edinburgh Festival Carnival events!
2 days to go!
15 Jul 2015
2 days to go - here's the wonderful Bandakadabra!


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It's Still Legal To Hit Kids In Canada, And It Shouldn't Be
No child deserves to be hit. There are things that children do that anger parents, or that put the child or others at risk, or are socially unacceptable, but there is never a reason to hit another human being to discipline or teach. What does this mean, in plain language? It means parents should not be allowed to hit or spank their children.


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How do I get verified to advertise pharmacy services online with Google, Bing, Twitter, or Yahoo?
Google, Bing, Twitter, and Yahoo! will allow you to advertise with them once you have been granted a .pharmacy domain. We will list your business and its URL on our website. Search engine staff consult this web page for assurance that a website is verified.


text: Have a good customer service skills when communicate with guest. Knowledge of type of massaged. Effectively resolve guest complaints and communicate with the Spa Manager regarding issues and resolutions. Maintain all guest supplies and assist in ordering as needed. Maintain spa area and check stock daily. Answer questions about available services, general property information and amenities for the Sarang Spa. Ensure adherence to quality improvement or corrective action plans. Ensure cleanliness of all guests' areas. May be required to perform spa services when and if needed. Perform other reasonable job duties as requested by the Spa Manager.


text: Hi, Hans Boehm <Hans.Boehm at hp.com> writes: > This has been bugging me, too. And I've been tempted to do what you > suggest. My understanding is that what you're proposing makes us more > consistent with GNU coding standards. (Can someone correct that if it's > wrong?) It doesn't say anything about tabs (by default Emacs inserts a mixture of tabs and spaces.) > If nobody objects, I think it would be great to go ahead and make the > change. This will make diffs across that change harder, but so long > as this is done as a separate check-in, that shouldn't be a big deal. It also makes operations like "annotate" useless, which is unfortunate IMO. Thanks, Ludo'.


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Stealing Nasreen
Stealing Nasreen is the excellent first novel written by Farzana Doctor. Not fitting into any typical genre, the work showcases a slice of desi life, and incorporates elements of mild satire and romance in telling the story of three demoralized souls, Nasreen, Shaffiq, and Salma.
Nasreen is a grieving psychologist in need of personal counseling support, having recently lost both her mother to cancer and her lover to infidelity. Shaffiq is an accountant and a recent immigrant to Canada. Having left India to escape employment discrimination, he is still underemployed and now working as a janitor in the same office building as Nasreen. Shaffiq attempts to cope with the tensions of adjustment to life in a new country by bravely keeping up a front of false optimism, having passed the honeymoon period of his early immigration to Canada with his children and his wife, Salma. In his coping, Shaffiq has also developed a new and slightly odd habit of scavenging the office garbage for clues about the bad habits and secrets of the office-dwellers, the details of which he shares with his wife.
Salma is a teacher, who is dissatisfied working in a dry-cleaning business and as a tutor providing Gujarati lessons in her home to supplement both the family income and her children's university fund. Practical on the surface, she hides significant passion behind her motherly, scholarly demeanor. All three characters are low on spirits, but high on self expectations as they come to meet in this original story which combines familiar themes of lost loves, obligations, expectations, and opportunities in an original tale which hinges on a chance meeting, one which stirs up long-buried feelings in Salma.
Triangles form much of the structure of Stealing Nasreen. Three stories of love and loss provide much of the back story to the principal relationship in the novel, which focuses on both Salma and Shaffiq's individual obsessions with Nasreen upon meeting her. Both Shaffiq and Salma find themselves drawn to Nasreen for very different reasons. To Shaffiq, Salma represents both attractive and unappealing elements of the North American dream. She is a member of his ethnic and religious community who has achieved career success in North America, but embodies characteristics he does not desire for his two young daughters. For Salma, Nasreen is a reminder of a former lover, with whom she had a brief closeted relationship. Both Salma and Shaffiq keep aspects of their encounters with Nasreen secret from one another, culminating in a confrontation which alters the trajectory of events for each character from the course laid out at the novel's beginning.
Rather than opt for the clichés of a neatly happy ending, Doctor has written a sophisticated story where multiple possibilities abound for each of the characters. Though the novel as a whole is rich in details, wry observations, and sophisticated parallel themes, the style of third person omniscient story telling does not relay the depths of emotion felt by any characters in their experiences of everyday tragedies and triumphs. The author's style of storytelling emphasizes telling over showing, placing some distance between the reader and the characters. A lot happens in the story and none of the characters or the details, either minor or major are neglected in the story. Depicting the character's experiences of first love, heartbreak, loss and passion from afar takes away from the emotional depth of an extremely accomplished first novel, one which is quite impressive in its scope.
That sounds like a very interesting book, certainly complex.
Thanks for reviewing Stealing Nasreen! If readers would like more info, including a glossary, they can check out: www.farzanadoctor.com
Looks like an impressive novel, Thanks for sharing.


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Steps to Apply for a Hearing or Service Dog
Hearing Dog or
Service Dog
A background check, completed by Service Dogs, Inc. is required for all applicants.
Applying does not guarantee you will receive a dog.
STEP 1: Complete and submit the pre-application questionnaire . (See link below)
We pre-screen applicants to assure our program matches your needs. This step is free. We will notify you within 2 weeks if we will provide an application. (Please review all pages in this section before requesting an application. We get many requests for types of dogs/assistance we do not provide.)
STEP 2: Complete and submit the client application.
Be sure all items are completed. We will not process incomplete application packets, this includes the non-refundable $50 application fee. We will notify you in 4-6 weeks if we find our program is a good match for you. If we approve your application, we will request a photo or video essay based on an outline SDI provides.
STEP 3: The applicant committee invites qualified applicants to Applicant Orientation.
Held at our Training Center in Dripping Springs, Texas, this one-day event is held 2-3 times yearly and includes:
- An overview of what it's like to have a service or hearing dog
- A discussion of what's required of you as a handler and client
- An opportunity to work briefly with dogs in training
- A detailed interview session
After the orientation session, SDI will mail each attendee notification that they are accepted or declined.
If accepted, applicants join the Waiting list.
While on the Waiting List, SDI provides monthly education and information to help clients plan and prepare for their future partners though the "SDI Connection". Clients are required to give feedback on each section of this training program to remain on the waiting list.


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Tag: Media
News Sega Rolls Out Super Monkey Ball: Step And Roll Minigame Video
Will it have you rolling about in laughter?
Sega have released a new video for Super Monkey Ball: Step and Roll showing gameplay footage of the much-loved Monkey Ball minigames. The trailer confirms the return of fan-favourite Monkey Target, as well as glimpses of new minigames built around the use of the Balance Board. It's safe to say we can...
News DSi XL Footage For Your Viewing Pleasure
See the monster handheld rolling
The Nintendo DSi XL (known as the Nintendo DSi LL in Japan) is the newest edition in the DS family and is slated for release in Japan on November 21st 2009. Europe and North America are to follow in the first quarter of 2010, with pricing still to be confirmed. The new console - which is essentially a bigger version...
News New Super Mario Bros. Wii 'Super Skills' trailer
Showing you Nintendo's finest in action!
Consider yourself a Mario veteran do you? Then watch the best players on Nintendo's development team turn all your platforming hopes and dreams to dust. These guys are good. Don't believe us? Watch and learn. On a slightly different note the game looks like it's going to be fantastic fun, and it's really...
News Super Monkey Ball Step & Roll TGS Trailer and Info
Sega has announced at Tokyo Games Show that the next instalment in the Super Monkey Ball franchise will hit the Wii in February 2010, and also provided us with a few more details about the game itself. We already know the monkeys will be controlled via the Balance Board, although the game will still support the Remote and Nunchuk controls. Sega also revealed that the story mode will be..
Introducing Payne, your new best friend
Red Steel 2 is looking more and more exciting with every piece of new media. You'll be pleased to hear then that this latest piece doesn't disappoint. The trailer showcases the first boss of the game, and who doesn't like bosses? [Depends if you're talking about the day job! - Editor] If you remember during...
Customer survey proposes video-on-demand service for Nintendo's little white box
A recent customer survey from online DVD vendors Netflix suggests that the company may be expanding their service to Nintendo Wii owners in the future. The subscription-based service, available to Xbox 360 owners since late November, would "offer its members the ability to watch movies & TV episodes instantly..
News British Tabloid Blasts Sega For Gory MadWorld Marketing Campaign
Sensationalist garbage from The Sun? I know, I'm as shocked as you are!
UK's The Sun, the world's most highly-circulated tabloid, has attacked Sega's latest marketing stunt promoting the release of Platinum Games' Wii-exclusive stylised gorefest MadWorld which saw bloodied prosthetic limbs scattered across London. The prosthetics, coloured to match the game's signature monochromatic style and each..
Just incase you wanted to use for Wii for something other than games, X-OOM are soon to release a Media Center package for all your media needs.
X-OOM Media Centre for Wii will turn your Nintendo Wii into your own multimedia centre allowing you to watch movies, listen to music and view digital photos by streaming files directly from your PC onto the Wii using Wi-Fi. WATCH MOVIESRather than..