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News & Research:
Is Ginseng Effective for Cancer-Related Fatigue?
- Medscape, 8/1/14 -
"Barton and colleagues[1] performed a phase 3, multisite, double-blind, randomized trial evaluating the use of Wisconsin ginseng (P quinquefolius) (3% ginsenosides) 2000 mg daily vs placebo for 8 weeks in 364 patients with CRF. Fatigue was evaluated using the Multidimensional Fatigue Symptom Inventory-Short Form (MFSI-SF) ... At 4 weeks, change from baseline MFSI-SF score in the ginseng group (n = 147) was 14.4 vs 8.2 in the placebo group (n = 153) (P = .07). At 8 weeks, the ginseng group (n = 138) had a change in score of 20 vs 10.3 in the placebo group (n = 133) (P = .003). Patients receiving active cancer therapy reported greater benefit than those who had completed treatment. Self-reported toxicities were similar between groups"
- See
ginseng at Amazon.com
Ginseng can treat, prevent influenza, RSV, researcher finds
- Science Daily, 4/21/14 -
"respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) ... After infection with influenza A virus, mice that were orally administered ginseng over a long time showed multiple immune modifying effects, such as stimulated antiviral production of proteins important in immune response and fewer inflammatory cells in their bronchial walls ... Korean red ginseng extract improved the survival of human lung epithelial cells against RSV infection and inhibited the virus from replicating, or multiplying, in the body. In addition, treatment with Korean red ginseng extract suppressed the expression of RSV-induced inflammatory genes and the formation of chemically reactive molecules containing oxygen, which play a role in virus-induced epithelial damage in RSV ... Also, mice that were orally administered Korean red ginseng extract had lower viral levels after infection with RSV"
Wisconsin Ginseng (Panax quinquefolius) to Improve Cancer-Related Fatigue
- Medscape, 9/27/13 -
"cancer-related fatigue (CRF) ... A multisite, double-blind trial randomized fatigued cancer survivors to 2000mg of American ginseng vs a placebo for 8 weeks ... Multidimensional Fatigue Symptom Inventory–Short Form (MFSI-SF) ... A statistically significant difference was seen at 8 weeks with a change score of 20 (SD = 27) for the ginseng group and 10.3 (SD = 26.1) for the placebo group (P = .003). Greater benefit was reported in patients receiving active cancer treatment vs those who had completed treatment. Toxicities per self-report and CTCAE grading did not differ statistically significantly between arms"
- See
ginseng at Amazon.com
Korean Ginseng Berry Extract Effect on Sexual Function in ED
- Medscape, 5/6/13 -
"were administered 4 tablets of either standardized Korean ginseng berry (SKGB, 350 mg ginseng berry extract per tablet), or placebo, daily, for 8 weeks. Efficacy was assessed with the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF)-15 and premature ejaculation diagnostic tool (PEDT) at the end of the 4th and 8th week. We observed that the total and each of the individual domain scores of IIEF-15 increased from 40.95+/-7.05 to 46.19+/-12.69 significantly in the SKGB by the 8th week (P<0.05). The erectile function domain of IIEF changed slightly from 17.17+/-2.57 to 18.59+/-5.99 in the SKGB group by the 8th week (P<0.05). In addition, PEDT scores significantly improved from 9.14+/-4.57 to 7.97+/-4.4 and 7.53+/-4.26 in the SKGB group after 4 and 8 weeks of treatment (P<0.05). Safety markers including hormone and lipid in the blood were assessed at the end of the 4th and 8th week and they remained unchanged. Oral administration of the SKGB extract improved all domains of sexual function"
Ginseng May Banish Cancer Fatigue, New Study Finds
- ABC News, 6/4/12 -
"Researchers gave 2,000 milligrams of pure ground American ginseng or a placebo pill to 340 patients being treated for cancer and cancer survivors who had finished their treatment. After four weeks, patients reported little change in their cancer-related fatigue. But after eight weeks, the patients taking ginseng reported feeling generally more energized than their sugar pill-popping peers. The response was particularly strong among patients who were currently undergoing cancer treatment ... Some studies have shown that ginseng decreases inflammation and the stress hormone cortisol, both of which may be contributing factors to cancer-related fatigue ... Extracts of ginseng that are alcohol based change a characteristic of the ginseng to be somewhat estrogenic ... Stay with very reputable companies"
Natural aphrodisiacs: 'Spicing' up your love life possible, finds study of ginseng and saffron
- Science Daily, 3/28/11 -
"Ours is the most thorough scientific review to date. Nothing has been done on this level of detail before now ... They found that panax ginseng, saffron and yohimbine, a natural chemical from yohimbe trees in West Africa, improved human sexual function ... People report increased sexual desire after eating muira puama"
Best Treatment for Erectile Dysfunction?
- Dr. Weil, 11/30/09 -
"Ginkgo ... Ashwaganda ... Asian ginseng
Ginseng: Nature's Anti-inflammatory?
- Science Daily, 5/13/09 -
"The anti-inflammatory role of ginseng may be due to the combined effects of these ginsenosides, targeting different levels of immunological activity, and so contributing to the diverse actions of ginseng in humans"
Ginseng May Help Treat Schizophrenia
- WebMD, 5/8/08 -
"In a small study, patients had fewer negative symptoms -- such as lack of motivation and a severe reduction in emotional expression known as "flat affect" -- when they took Panax ginseng than when they took a placebo ... patients were 50% less likely to have flat affect when taking the higher, 200-milligram dose of ginseng than when taking placebo"
Ginseng May Relieve Cancer Fatigue
- WebMD, 6/4/07
Herb Shows Potential To Reduce Cancer-related Fatigue
- Science Daily, 6/3/07 -
"Of the four treatment arms, patients receiving the placebo and the lowest dose of ginseng reported very little improvement in fatigue or other areas of physical or psychological well-being. The patients receiving the larger doses showed improvements in overall energy levels, reporting higher vitality levels and less interference with activity from fatigue. They also reported an improvement in overall mental, physical, spiritual and emotional well-being"
Ginseng, Ginko Biloba Do Not Interfere With Drug Absorption If Taken At Recommended Doses
- Science Daily, 5/1/07 -
"found daily use of ginseng or ginkgo biloba supplements at the recommended doses, or the combination of both supplements, are unlikely to alter the pharmacokinetics - by which drugs are absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and eliminated by the body - of the majority of prescription or over-the counter drugs"
Researchers Find Ginseng May Improve Breast Cancer Outcomes
- Science Daily, 3/16/06 -
"They also found significant improvements in both survival and quality of life measures in patients who used ginseng"
Cortisol, Stress, and Health
- Life Extension Magazine, 12/05 -
"Supplements to reduce high
levels secondary to stress ...
Vitamin C
: 1000-3000 mg/day ... Fish oil (
fatty acids):1-4 gm/day ...
: 300-800 mg/day ...
Rhodiola rosea
: 100-200 mg/day, standardized extract ... Ginseng: 100-300 mg/day, standardized extract ...
Ginkgo biloba
: 100-200 mg/day, standardized extract ...
: 25-50 mg/day (any hormone supplementation should be monitored by your physician)"
Ginseng for Gesundheit? Latest Study on Colds
- WebMD, 10/24/05 -
"one in 10 people in the ginseng group reported having two or more colds that winter, compared with about 23% of those taking the placebo ... Colds lasted about 11 days for the ginseng group and 16.5 days for the placebo group"
Ginseng review
- ConsumerLab.com, 8/29/03 -
"A high amount of the pesticide hexachlorobenzene — a potential human carcinogen — was found in one of five products labeled as containing "Korean Ginseng." Levels of two other pesticides, quintozene and lindane — were also above acceptable levels. Another product that failed the new testing was a liquid "Chinese Ginseng" sold in single-dose bottles. Despite being labeled "EXTRA STRENGTH" this product contained less than 10% of the expected ginsenosides"
Ginseng May Help Treat Diabetes
- WebMD, 6/16/03 -
"There are two reasons blood sugar can be out of control in [people with
] ... Your body's tissues are not responsive enough to insulin so they don't process it properly and/or you don't make enough insulin to begin with ... Ginseng, he said, appears to help the patients both to secrete more insulin and to process better the insulin they have"
- See
ginseng at Amazon.com
American ginseng products.
Korean Red Ginseng Benefits Men with Impotence
- New Hope Natural Media, 1/2/03 -
"Men experiencing
sexual difficulties
due to inability to achieve erection may be helped by Korean red ginseng (Panax ginseng), according to a study published in the Journal of Urology ... It is a problem that affects nearly half of men over age forty worldwide ... Some 60% of participants reported improved erections while receiving ginseng. Improved sexual desire was also reported during ginseng treatment.
levels did not change with treatment, leading the researchers to conclude that improvements observed with ginseng are not due to hormonal effects"
- See
ginseng at Amazon.com
Korean (Panax) ginseng.
Ginseng May Help Regulate Blood Glucose
- Natural Foods Merchandiser, 8/02 -
"Three new studies, performed jointly by researchers at the University of Toronto, St. Michael's Hospital in Toronto and the University of Ottawa, show that American ginseng can lower blood-sugar levels in
and nondiabetic patients"
- See
ginseng at Amazon.com
Ginseng Helps Regulate Blood Glucose
- Nutrition Science News, Spring '02 -
"Three new studies, performed jointly by researchers at the University of Toronto, St. Michael's Hospital in Toronto, and the University of Ottawa, show that American ginseng can lower blood-sugar levels in
and nondiabetic patients ... They found no significant differences between the three doses—each lowered postprandial glucose levels an average of 11.4 percent"
Some Herbs Boost Breast Cancer Risk
- WebMD, 3/26/02 -
"Our studies show that dong quai and ginseng stimulate the growth of [breast cancer] cells"
Not All Ginseng Supplements Are Alike
- WebMD, 6/26/01 -
"a new analysis of 25 commercial ginseng products suggests that the actual concentration of ginseng is lower than the label says about half the time and in six products the concentration was only 1%"
Study: Supplement Can Help Take the 'Dys' Out of Female Sexual Dysfunction, Researchers Promote Idea of 'Sexual Wellness'
- WebMD, 6/5/01 -
-- a dietary cocktail consisting of ginseng, ginkgo, B vitamins, calcium, folic acid, and other vitamins and minerals -- is being heralded as one component of a lifestyle that improves sexual performance and helps prevent problems associated with intimacy"
Beyond the Label: American Ginseng Protects
- Nutrition Science News, 2/01 -
"American ginseng has been shown to display synergistic effects against breast cancer cell growth when combined with chemotherapy. From the protective perspective, American ginseng displays potent antioxidant defenses against free radical damage to human LDL cholesterol, which is reinforced by the vitamin C that inhabits LDL. The most striking results attributable to this American root are found in its ability to smooth out post-meal blood-sugar surges and carbohydrate metabolism in both nondiabetics and type II diabetics."
Saving Yourself from AGE
- Life Enhancement Magazine, 8/00 - with American Ginseng,
"The researchers found a reduction in plasma prolactin, a hormone connected with passive "nesting" behavior, suggesting that this may play a role in the ability of American ginseng to stimulate sexual activity in the male rat."
Want a love potion? What to know before you try
"Tissue and animal studies of one form of ginseng, called panax, give some credence to the root's sexy reputation. A study published in the May 1995 issue of the journal British Pharmacology, for instance, concluded that substances in ginseng extract known as ginsenosides may work in a similar way to Viagra. Viagra enhances the effects of nitric oxide, which helps relax artery walls, allowing more blood flow into the penis. Ginsenosides may encourage the release of more nitric oxide."
Protective effect of supplementation with Ginseng, Lilii Bulbus and Poria against PM 2 .5 in air pollution-induced cardiopulmonary damage among adults
- Phytother Res 2020 Sep 6 -
"This randomized, double-blinded and placebo-controlled trial among 120 healthy adults in Wuhan, China, was conducted to evaluate whether the supplementation of herbal product composed of Ginseng, Lilii Bulbus and Poria (GLP) which have been shown to have anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activity offers protective effects on PM2.5 -induced damage to cardiopulmonary health ... Compared to the placebo group, the GLP group showed significant increased antioxidant biomarkers such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and paraoxonase1 (PON1). What is more, interleukin-6 (IL-6), an inflammatory biomarker, was significantly decreased in the GLP group. In addition, nitric oxide and club cell secretory protein (CC16) were increased but heart rate was decreased in the GLP group. As for pulmonary function indicators, significantly increased fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) was observed in the GLP group. Taken together, we concluded that GLP supplementation is associated with decreased inflammatory biomarker and increased antioxidant biomarkers suggesting cardiopulmonary benefits against PM2.5 exposure among young adults in China"
- See
ginseng at Amazon.com
Ginseng, good for bone health, registered as a publicly recognized functional ingredient
- The Rural Development Administration, 7/27/20 -
"40 Older women 90 People 30 In groups of three 12 Weekly progress. contrast Group Fake medicine (Placebo) of, The rest of the groups were each using ginseng extract OneWork 1g, 3gEach To eat ... 8 weekly 300mg/kgTibia of old rat group treated with ginseng extract of (Shin bone) Serum osteocalcin content significantly increased inand, It was confirmed that serum calcium was also significantly increased"
- Note: It's in Korean, you have to select 'Translate'. [
Nutra USA
Anticancer Effect of Mountain Ginseng on Human Breast Cancer: Comparison with Farm-Cultivated Ginseng
- Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2020 Jul 25 -
"MGE showed stronger cytotoxicity than farm-cultivated ginseng extract (FGE) through promoting ROS generation. Also MGE dose-dependently brought about mitochondrial dysfunction in MCF-7 cells. In addition, MGE induced apoptosis through enhancing the activities of caspase-3/7 by regulation of expression of Bcl-2, Bax, cytochrome c, and cleaved caspase-3 in the MCF-7 cells. Consistent with the in vitro results, MGE significantly reduced tumor weights compared with FGE in mice transplanted with MCF-7 cells, and it regulated the expression of apoptosis-related proteins, such as Bcl-2, Bax, cytochrome c, cleaved caspase-3, and cleaved PARP, in the tumor tissues. Additionally, MGE included higher total ginsenoside contents than FGE. In conclusion, MGE, which is richer in ginsenosides, exerts a stronger anticancer action than FGE in breast cancer. The anticancer action of MGE may be closely correlated with caspase-mediated apoptosis through upregulating ROS generation. Therefore, these findings may be helpful for a clinical understanding of the anticancer mechanism of MGE for breast cancer patients"
- See
mountain ginseng at Amazon.com
but it doesn't show anything with 'mountain'.
Effectiveness and Safety of Panax ginseng Extract on Hepatic Dysfunction: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial
- Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2020 Jul 16 -
"Panax ginseng extract (GS-KG9) ... A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted from December 2017 to January 2019. The trial included 60 subjects between the ages of 19 and 70 who had higher alanine transaminase (ALT) levels than the normal upper limit. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups: GS-KG9 (n = 30) and placebo (n = 30). The former was administered three GS-KG9 capsules (3 g/day) and the latter three placebo capsules (3 g/day) twice each day orally after meals in the morning and evening for 12 weeks ... After 12 weeks of treatment, the ALT levels were significantly reduced in the GS-KG9 group compared to the placebo group (p=0.009). The GGT level of the GS-KG9 group was significantly lower than that of the placebo group (p=0.036). Mild AEs, such as diarrhea, occurred during the study. There were no significant differences between the two groups"
- See
Panax ginseng at Amazon.com
Acute Effects of Combined Bacopa, American Ginseng and Whole Coffee Fruit on Working Memory and Cerebral Haemodynamic Response of the Prefrontal Cortex: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study
- Nutr Neurosci 2019 Nov 18;1-12 -
"This study assessed whether a multi-ingredient herbal supplement containing Bacopa monniera (BM), Panax quinquefolius ginseng (PQ) and whole coffee fruit extract (WCFE) could enhance cognitive performance and cerebral-cortical activation during tasks of working memory and attention ... 40 healthy adults between 18-60 years (M = 34.46 SD = 12.95) completed tasks of working memory and attention at baseline and 45 min post active or placebo supplement consumption ... prefrontal cortex (PFC) ... Working memory task performance on the N-back task was significantly improved following active supplement consumption compared to placebo in terms of accuracy (p < .01) and response time (p < .05). Improved performance was associated with a reduction of PFC activation (p < .001) related to effortful mental demand, reflecting increased neural efficiency concomitant with improved cognitive performance"
- [
Nutra USA
] - See
Bacopa monnieri at Amazon.com
ginseng at Amazon.com
coffee fruit extract at Amazon.com
Eleutherococcus senticosus Leaf and Rhizome of Drynaria fortunei Enhances Cognitive Function: A Placebo-Controlled, Randomized, Double-Blind Study in Healthy Adults
- Nutrients. 2020 Jan 23;12(2) -
"We previously found that the water extract of Eleutherococcus senticosus leaves (ES extract) enhanced cognitive function in normal mice. Our study also revealed that the water extract of rhizomes of Drynaria fortunei (DR extract) enhanced memory function in Alzheimer's disease model mice. In addition, our previous experiments suggested that a combined treatment of ES and DR extracts synergistically improved memory and anti-stress response in mice ... The intake period was 12 weeks. The Japanese version of the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) test was used for neurocognitive assessment. The combined treatment of ES and DR extracts significantly increased the figure recall subscore of RBANS (p = 0.045) in an intergroup comparison. Potentiation of language domain ((p = 0.040), semantic fluency (p = 0.021) and figure recall (p = 0.052) was shown by the extracts (in intragroup comparison). In anti-stress response, the anxiety/uncertainly score was improved by the extract in an intragroup comparison (p = 0.022). No adverse effects were observed. The combined treatment of ES and DR extracts appear to safely enhance a part of cognitive function in healthy adults"
- [
Nutra USA
] - See
Siberian ginseng at Amazon.com
. You're on your own trying to find Drynaria fortunei.
Eleutherococcus senticosus
- wikipedia -
"Eleutherococcus senticosus is a species of small, woody shrub in the family Araliaceae native to Northeastern Asia.[1][3] It may be colloquially called devil's bush,[4] Siberian ginseng, eleuthero, ciwujia, Devil's shrub, shigoka, touch-me-not, wild pepper, or kan jang"
Aglaomorpha fortunei
- wikipedia -
"This species is also more frequently cited by Asian studies by its synonym, Drynaria fortunei;[2] however, this is an illegitimate name, the correct name in the genus Drynaria being Drynaria roosii"
Ginsenoside Rg3 (Shenyi Capsule) Combined with Chemotherapy for Digestive System Cancer in China: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review
- Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019 Dec 17 -
"Ginsenoside Rg3 combined with chemotherapy can improve the clinical efficacy and alleviate treatment-induced side effects for digestive system cancer"
- See
ginseng at Amazon.com
Ginsenoside Rg3 Attenuates Angiotensin II-Mediated Renal Injury in Rats and Mice by Upregulating Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 in the Renal Tissue
- Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019 Nov 29 -
"Angiotensin II- (Ang II-) mediated renal injury represents a major pathogenetic mechanism in most chronic kidney diseases. Our previous research demonstrated that ginsenoside Rg3 (Rg3) attenuates Ang II elevation in the myocardium in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). It is possible that Rg3 has similar effects in the renal tissue. In this research, we first demonstrated that Rg3 could attenuate Ang II increase in the kidney of SHR and reduce hypertensive nephropathy progression. Then, we found that Rg3 attenuated Ang II increase by upregulating angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in the renal tissue. We confirmed this finding in an exogenous Ang II-infused mice model of renal injury, and two models showed consistent results. In conclusion, Rg3 attenuates Ang II-mediated renal injury in rats and mice by upregulating ACE2 in the renal tissue. This research is the first to demonstrate that Rg3 increases tissue ACE2 levels in vivo"
Panax notoginseng saponins suppress lipopolysaccharide-induced barrier disruption and monocyte adhesion on bEnd.3 cells via the opposite modulation of Nrf2 antioxidant and NF-κB inflammatory pathways
- Phytother Res. 2019 Aug 30 -
"Dysfunction of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a prerequisite for the pathogenesis of many cerebral diseases. Oxidative stress and inflammation are well-known factors accounting for BBB injury. Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS), a clinical commonly used drug against cerebrovascular disease, possess efficient antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity ... The results showed that PNS mitigated the decrease of Trans-Endothelial Electrical Resistance, increase of paracellular permeability, and loss of tight junction proteins in bEnd.3 BBB model. Meanwhile, PNS suppressed the THP-1 monocytes adhesion on bEnd.3 monolayer. Moreover, PNS prevented the pro-inflammatory cytokines secretion and reactive oxygen species generation in bEnd.3 cells stimulated with LPS. Mechanism investigations suggested that PNS promoted the Akt phosphorylation, activated Nrf2 antioxidant signaling, and inhibited the NF-κB activation. All the effects of PNS could be abolished by PI3K inhibition at different levels. Taken together, these observations suggest that PNS may act as an extrinsic regulator that activates Nrf2 antioxidant defense system depending on PI3K/Akt and inhibits NF-κB inflammatory signaling to attenuate LPS-induced BBB disruption and monocytes adhesion on cerebral endothelial cells in vitro"
Ginsenoside Rg1 protects against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by ameliorating lipid peroxidation, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and inflammasome activation
- Biol Pharm Bull. 2018 Aug 21 -
"ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1) ... These results suggested that Rg1 may protect against NAFLD, through regulation of lipid peroxidation, ER stress and inflammasome activation"
A Combination of Essential Fatty Acids, Panax Ginseng Extract, and Green Tea Catechins Modifies Brain fMRI Signals in Healthy Older Adults
- J Nutr Health Aging. 2018;22(7):837-846 - "
Before and after supplementation with the investigational product or placebo, participants completed cognitive tests including the Mini Mental State Exam (MMSE), Stroop test, Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST), and Immediate and Delayed Recall tests, as well as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during a standard cognitive task switching paradigm ... Performance on the MMSE, Stroop test, and DSST increased significantly over one month of supplementation with the investigational product (one-sample t tests, p<.05) although differences between these changes and corresponding changes during supplementation with placebo were not significant (two-sample t tests, p>.05). During supplementation with the investigational product, brain activation during task performance increased significantly more than during supplementation with placebo in brain regions known to be activated by this task (anterior and posterior cingulate cortex). Functional connectivity during task execution between task regions (middle frontal gyrus and anterior cingulate cortex) increased significantly during supplementation with the investigational product, relative to placebo. Functional connectivity during rest between task regions (precentral gyrus and middle frontal gyrus) and default mode network regions (medial frontal gyrus and precuneus) decreased during supplementation with the investigational product relative to placebo, suggesting greater segregation of task and rest related brain activity"
- See
omega-3 supplements at Amazon.com
ginseng at Amazon.com
green tea extract at Amazon.com
Effects of Panax ginseng on Obesity in Animal Models: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
- Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018 May 15;2018:2719794 -
"Our meta-analysis indicated that oral administration of P. ginseng significantly inhibits weight gain and improves serum lipid profiles in animal obesity models"
Towards natural mimetics of metformin and rapamycin
- Aging (Albany NY). 2017 Nov 15 -
"The analysis revealed many novel candidate metformin and rapamycin mimetics, including allantoin and ginsenoside (metformin), epigallocatechin gallate and isoliquiritigenin (rapamycin), and withaferin A (both)"
- [
Nutra USA
] - See
ginseng at Amazon.com
ashwagandha at Amazon.com
. See
metformin at the Antiaging Store
Withaferin A
- wikipedia.org -
"Withaferin A is a steroidal lactone, derived from Acnistus arborescens,[1] Withania somnifera[2] (Indian Winter cherry or Ashwagandha in Sanskrit) and other members of Solanaceae family"
Memory enhancement of fresh ginseng on deficits induced by chronic restraint stress in mice
- Nutr Neurosci. 2017 Sep 15:1-8 -
"Chronic stress exposure can disrupt the balance of organisms, result in learning and memory impairments and induce oxidative stress ... Fresh ginseng (FG), an unprocessed raw root of ginseng, has antioxidant and neuroprotective activities and has been used as functional health food in Asian countries for many years ... Our results suggest that FG treatment could improve CRS-induced learning and memory impairments and oxidative stress damage. FG is an intriguing therapeutic agent and functional health food in stress-related dementia"
Ginseng Extract G115 Attenuates Ethanol-Induced Depression in Mice by Increasing Brain BDNF Levels
- Nutrients. 2017 Aug 24;9(9) -
"The decrease of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has been reported in alcohol use disorder and major depression. The effective treatment of these comorbid diseases remains undiscovered ... Ginseng extract G115, the standardized extract of Panax ginseng, is a widely-used nutraceutical that is beneficial for various central nervous system disorders ... The results demonstrated that the increase of immobility time in depressant mice induced by ethanol was reversed by both G115 and amitriptyline treatment. A significant increase of BDNF levels in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex was observed in ethanol-treated mice receiving G115. Taken together, this study provides scientific information on the use of G115 as an antidepressant that could be further used as a dietary supplement in comorbid alcohol use and major depressive disorders"
- See
Panax ginseng at Amazon.com
Effect of Red Ginseng on Genotoxicity and Health-Related Quality of Life after Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Patients with Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: A Randomized, Double Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
- Nutrients. 2017 Jul 19;9(7) -
"health-related quality of life (HRQL) ... there were no differences in adverse events between placebo and red ginseng groups. In terms of HRQL, red ginseng was associated with improved emotional functioning and decreased symptoms of fatigue, nausea and vomiting, and dyspnea, reduced anxiety and interference affecting life and improved daytime somnolence"
- See
red ginseng extract at Amazon.com
Nephroprotective Effects of Anthocyanin from the Fruits of Panax ginseng (GFA) on Cisplatin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Mice
- Phytother Res. 2017 Jul 21 -
"Cisplatin is an effective anticancer chemotherapeutic agent, but the use of cisplatin in the clinic is severely limited by side effects. Nephrotoxicity is a major factor that contributes to the side effects of cisplatin chemotherapy. The aim of this research was to survey the nephroprotective effects of anthocyanin from the fruits of Panax ginseng (GFA) in a murine model of cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury ... In conclusion, the findings from the present investigation demonstrate that GFA pre-administration can significantly prevent cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity, which may be related to its antioxidant, anti-apoptotic and antiinflammatory effects"
- See
Panax ginseng at Amazon.com
Preventive Effects of Ginseng Total Saponins on Chronic Corticosterone-Induced Impairment in Astrocyte Structural Plasticity and Hippocampal Atrophy
- Phytother Res. 2017 Jun 28 -
"ginseng total saponins (GTS) ... These findings imply that the effects of GTS on corticosterone-induced depression-like behavior may be mediated partly through the protection to hippocampal astrocyte structural plasticity"
- See
ginseng at Amazon.com
Korean Red Ginseng Extract Enhances the Anticancer Effects of Sorafenib through Abrogation of CREB and c-Jun Activation in Renal Cell Carcinoma
- Phytother Res. 2017 May 22 -
"Our results clearly demonstrate that KRGE can enhance the anticancer activity of sorafenib and may have a substantial potential in the treatment of RCC"
- See
ginseng at Amazon.com
Saponins (ginsenosides) from the Leaves of Panax Quinquefolius Ameliorated Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Mice
- J Agric Food Chem. 2017 Apr 21 -
"Acetaminophen (APAP) overdose is the most frequent inducement of drug-induced acute liver injury (ALI). The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effect of saponins (ginsenosides) from the leaves of Panax quinquefolius (PQS) against APAP-induced hepatotoxicity and the involved mechanism were investigated ... The present study clearly demonstrates that PQS exerts a protective effect against APAP-induced hepatotoxicity due to its anti-oxidant, anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory effects. The findings from the present investigation show that PQS might be an effective candidate extract against drug-induced ALI"
White Ginseng Protects Mouse Hippocampal Cells Against Amyloid-Beta Oligomer Toxicity
- Phytother Res. 2017 Jan 23 -
"Amyloid-beta oligomer (AβO) is a soluble oligomer form of the Aβ peptide and the most potent amyloid-beta form that induces neuronal damage in Alzheimer's disease. We investigated the effect of dried white ginseng extract (WGE) on neuronal cell damage and memory impairment in intrahippocampal AβO (10 μM)-injected mice ... WGE improved memory impairment by inhibiting hippocampal cell death caused by AβO. In addition, AβO-injected mice treated with WGE showed restoration of reduced synaptophysin and choline acetyltransferase intensity and lower levels of ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 in the hippocampus compared with those of vehicle-treated controls. These results suggest that WGE reverses memory impairment in Alzheimer's disease by attenuating neuronal damage and neuroinflammation in the AβO-injected mouse hippocampus"
Effects of Ginsenoside Rg1 on Learning and Memory in a Reward-directed Instrumental Conditioning Task in Chronic Restraint Stressed Rats
- Phytother Res. 2016 Oct 20 -
"Ginsenoside Rg1 is one of the major active ingredients of Panax ginseng and has showed notable improving learning and memory effects in several behavioral tasks, such as water maze, shuttle-box, and step-through, based on avoidance ... chronic restraint stress (CRS) ... Rg1 has a good ability to improve learning and memory and also ameliorate impaired adaptive capacity induced by CRS. This amelioration effect of Rg1 might be mediated partially by BDNF/TrkB/Erk pathway in prefrontal cortex"
- See
ginseng at Amazon.com
American Ginseng Attenuates Colitis Associated Colon Carcinogenesis in Mice: Impact on Gut Microbiota and Metabolomics
- Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2016 Jul 21 -
"oral ginseng significantly decreased AOM/DSS-induced colitis and colon carcinogenesis by inhibiting inflammatory cytokines, and restoring the metabolomic and microbiota profiles accordingly"
The effect of ginseng (genus Panax) on blood pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials
- J Hum Hypertens. 2016 Apr 14 -
"Ginseng appears to have neutral vascular affects; therefore, should not be discouraged for concern of increased BP"
Protective Effects of Panax notoginseng Saponins against High Glucose-Induced Oxidative Injury in Rat Retinal Capillary Endothelial Cell
- Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:5326382 -
"Diabetic retinopathy, a leading cause of visual loss and blindness, is characterized by microvascular dysfunction. Hyperglycemia is considered the major pathogenic factor for diabetic retinopathy and is associated with increased oxidative stress in the retina ... Panax notoginseng Saponins (PNS) in retinal capillary endothelial cells (RCECs) ... These results indicate that PNS exerts a protective effect against high glucose-induced injury in RCECs, which may be partially attributed to its antioxidative function"
- See
ginseng at Amazon.com
Effect of Korean Red Ginseng on Cognitive Function and Quantitative EEG in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease: A Preliminary Study
- J Altern Complement Med. 2016 Mar 14 -
"Korean red ginseng (KRG) has a nootropic effect. This study assessed the efficacy of KRG on cognitive function and quantitative electroencephalography (EEG) in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) ... Fourteen patients with AD (mean age, 74.93 years; 11 women and 3 men) were recruited and treated with KRG (4.5 g per day) for 12 weeks. Cognitive function was assessed by the Korean Mini-Mental State Examination (K-MMSE) and the Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB) ... The FAB score improved significantly after 12 weeks of treatment. In the relative power spectrum analysis performed according to responsiveness, alpha power increased significantly in the right temporal area of the responders. The increments of relative alpha power in the right temporal, parietal, and occipital areas were significantly higher in the responders than the nonresponders"
Interferon-γ-Mediated Natural Killer Cell Activation by an Aqueous Panax ginseng Extract
- Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2015;2015:603198 -
"These results demonstrated that the aqueous P. ginseng extract augmented NK cell activation in vivo via an IFN-γ-dependent pathway"
Panax ginseng Improves Functional Recovery after Contusive Spinal Cord Injury by Regulating the Inflammatory Response in Rats: An In Vivo Study
- Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2015;2015:817096 -
"Ginseng is well known to possess anti-inflammatory effects ... P. ginseng treated group in SCI showed a significant improvement in locomotor function after the injury. The protein expression of COX-2 and iNOS at the lesion site and the cavity area were decreased following SCI by P. ginseng treatment. These results suggest that P. ginseng may improve the recovery of motor function after SCI which provides neuroprotection by alleviating posttraumatic inflammatory responses"
Ginseng Purified Dry Extract, BST204, Improved Cancer Chemotherapy-Related Fatigue and Toxicity in Mice
- Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2015;2015:197459 -
"BST204 was prepared by incubating crude ginseng extract with ginsenoside-β-glucosidase ... Treatment with BST204 significantly increased the running wheel activity and forced swimming time compared to the control group ... This result suggests that BST204 may improve chemotherapy-related fatigue and adverse toxic side effects"
- See
ginseng at Amazon.com
Korean Red Ginseng Extract Enhances the Anticancer Effects of Imatinib Mesylate Through Abrogation p38 and STAT5 Activation in KBM-5 Cells
- Phytother Res. 2015 Apr 8 -
"Although imatinib mesylate (IM) in the treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) remains the best example of successful targeted therapy, majority of patients with CML suffer its toxicity profile and develop chemoresistance to existing therapeutic agents ... Korean red ginseng extract broadly suppressed the proliferation of five different cell lines, but KRGE was found to be the most potent inducer of apoptosis against KBM-5 cells ... The combination treatment of KRGE and IM caused pronounced suppression of p38 and signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 phosphorylation and induced phosphorylation of p53 compared with the individual treatment. Our results demonstrate that KRGE can enhance the anticancer activity of IM and may have a substantial potential in the treatment of CML"
The Prescription Pattern of Chinese Herbal Products Containing Ginseng among Tamoxifen-Treated Female Breast Cancer Survivors in Taiwan: A Population-Based Study
- Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2015 -
"Chinese herbal products (CHPs) ... tamoxifen (TMX) ... The HR for the development of endometrial cancer among breast cancer survivors who had ever taken Ginseng after TXM treatment was significantly decreased compared to those who never used CHP"
Ginseng Protects Against Respiratory Syncytial Virus by Modulating Multiple Immune Cells and Inhibiting Viral Replication
- Nutrients. 2015 Feb 4;7(2):1021-1036 -
"Ginseng has been used in humans for thousands of years but its effects on viral infection have not been well understood. We investigated the effects of red ginseng extract (RGE) on respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection using in vitro cell culture and in vivo mouse models ... Taken together, these results provide evidence that ginseng has protective effects against RSV infection through multiple mechanisms, which include improving cell survival, partial inhibition of viral replication and modulation of cytokine production and types of immune cells migrating into the lung"
- See
ginseng at Amazon.com
Cold FX, 300mg 168 Capsules at Amazon.com
Antiatherosclerotic effect of korean red ginseng extract involves regulator of g-protein signaling 5
- Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:985174 -
"In conclusion, KRGE showed antiatherosclerotic and anti-inflammatory effects in western diet fed LDLr(-/-) mice and this effect could partly be mediated by RGS5 expression"
Modulation of Radiation-Induced Alterations in Oxidative Stress and Cytokine Expression in Lung Tissue by Panax Ginseng Extract
- Phytother Res. 2014 Sep 15 -
"We investigated the modulating effect of Panax ginseng extract (PGE) on radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) ... A high pretreatment dose of PGE may be a useful pharmacological approach for protection against RILI"
Korean Red Ginseng Extract Exhibits Neuroprotective Effects through Inhibition of Apoptotic Cell Death
- Biol Pharm Bull. 2014;37(6):938-46 -
"Taken together, these findings suggest that KRG extract may be beneficial for the prevention and/or treatment of neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease"
Panax notoginseng saponins promotes stroke recovery by influencing expression of Nogo-A, NgR and p75NGF, in vitro and in vivo
- Biol Pharm Bull. 2014;37(4):560-8 -
"This may be the mechanism of Panax notoginseng saponins that contributes to the recovery of nerve function, which plays an important role in brain protection after cerebral infarction"
Red Ginseng Treatment for Two Weeks Promotes Fat Metabolism during Exercise in Mice
- Nutrients. 2014 May 5;6(5):1874-85 -
"These results suggest that RG treatment for two weeks promotes fat oxidation and a glycogen-sparing effect during exercise. This might lead to a delay in peripheral fatigue during endurance exercise performance"
Ginseng Treatment Attenuates Autophagic Cell Death in Chronic Cyclosporine Nephropathy
- Nephrology (Carlton). 2014 May 5 -
"These findings suggest that ginseng has a renoprotective effect against CsA-induced autophagic cell death"
Ginsenoside F2 Reduces Hair Loss by Controlling Apoptosis through the Sterol Regulatory Element-Binding Protein Cleavage Activating Protein and Transforming Growth Factor-β Pathways in a Dihydrotestosterone-Induced Mouse Model
- Biol Pharm Bull. 2014;37(5):755-763 -
"the proliferation rates of DHT-treated human hair dermal papilla cells (HHDPCs) and HaCaTs increased by 48% in the ginsenoside F2-treated group and by 12% in the finasteride-treated group"
ginsenoside F2 (CHEBI:77145)
"A ginsenoside found in Panax species"
Panax red ginseng extract regulates energy expenditures by modulating PKA dependent lipid mobilization in adipose tissue
- Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2014 Apr 20 -
"Panax red ginseng extract treatments increased energy expenditures and prevented mice from diet induced obesity. Panax red ginseng extracts strongly activated Hormone Specific Lipase (HSL) via Protein Kinase A (PKA). Since activation of HSL induces lipolysis in WAT and fatty acid oxidation in brown adipose tissue (BAT), these results suggest that Panax red ginseng extracts prevent HFD induced obesity by regulating lipid mobilization"
- See
ginseng at Amazon.com
Genistein Protects Hematopoietic Stem Cells against G-CSF-Induced DNA Damage
- Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2014 Mar 10 -
"Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) has been utilized to treat neutropenia in various clinical settings. Although clearly beneficial, there are concerns that the chronic use of G-CSF in certain conditions increases the risk of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and/or acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The most striking example is in severe congenital neutropenia (SCN). SCN patients develop MDS/AML at a high rate that is directly correlated to the cumulative lifetime dosage of G-CSF. MDS and AML that arise in these settings are commonly associated with chromosomal deletions. We have demonstrated in this study that chronic G-CSF treatment in mice results in expansion of the hematopoietic stem cell population. In addition, primitive hematopoietic progenitors from G-CSF-treated mice show evidence of DNA damage as demonstrated by an increase in double strand breaks and recurrent chromosomal deletions. Concurrent treatment with genistein, a natural soy isoflavone, limits DNA damage in this population ... The protective effect of genistein was accomplished with plasma levels that are attainable through dietary supplementation"
- See
ginseng at Amazon.com
Ginsenoside Rb3 attenuates oxidative stress and preserves endothelial function in hypertension
- Br J Pharmacol. 2014 Feb 26 -
"Panax ginseng is commonly used to treat cardiovascular complications in oriental countries. This study investigated mechanisms underlying vascular benefits of ginsenoside Rb3 (Rb3) in hypertension ... Ex vivo Rb3 treatment restores the impaired endothelial function in hypertension through reversing the over-expression of NADPH oxidases and subsequent ROS overproduction, leading to improved NO bioavailability. The present novel findings suggest that Rb3-containing medicinal plants might be effective in curtailing oxidative stress and protecting endothelial function in hypertension"
Ginseng Total Saponins Reverse Corticosterone-Induced Changes in Depression-Like Behavior and Hippocampal Plasticity-Related Proteins by Interfering with GSK-3 β -CREB Signaling Pathway
- Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:506735 -
"This study aimed to explore the antidepressant mechanisms of ginseng total saponins (GTS) in the corticosterone-induced mouse depression model. In Experiment 1, GTS (50, 25, and 12.5 mg kg(-1) d(-1), intragastrically) were given for 3 weeks. In Experiment 2, the same doses of GTS were administrated after each corticosterone (20 mg kg(-1) d(-1), subcutaneously) injection for 22 days. In both experiments, mice underwent a forced swimming test and a tail suspension test on day 20 and day 21, respectively, and were sacrificed on day 22. Results of Experiment 1 revealed that GTS (50 and 25 mg kg(-1) d(-1)) exhibited antidepressant activity and not statistically altered hippocampal protein levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurofilament light chain (NF-L). Results of Experiment 2 showed that GTS (50 and 25 mg kg(-1) d(-1)) ameliorated depression-like behavior without normalizing hypercortisolism"
Immunomodulatory Activity of Red Ginseng against Influenza A Virus Infection
- Nutrients. 2014 Jan 27;6(2):517-29 -
"We investigated whether red ginseng extract (RGE) has preventive effects on influenza A virus infection in vivo and in vitro. RGE was found to improve survival of human lung epithelial cells upon influenza virus infection. Also, RGE treatment reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory genes (IL-6, IL-8) probably in part through interference with the formation of reactive oxygen species by influenza A virus infection. Long-term oral administration of mice with RGE showed multiple immunomodulatory effects such as stimulating antiviral cytokine IFN-γ production after influenza A virus infection. In addition, RGE administration in mice inhibited the infiltration of inflammatory cells into the bronchial lumens. Therefore, RGE might have the potential beneficial effects on preventing influenza A virus infections via its multiple immunomodulatory functions"
Ginsenoside Rg3 Up-regulates the Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Human Dermal Papilla Cells and Mouse Hair Follicles
- Phytother Res. 2013 Dec 26 -
"Crude Panax ginseng has been documented to possess hair growth activity and is widely used to treat alopecia, but the effects of ginsenoside Rg3 on hair growth have not to our knowledge been determined ... Immunohistochemical analysis showed that expression of VEGF was significantly up-regulated by Rg3 in a dose-dependent manner in human DP cells and in mouse hair follicles. In addition, the CD8 and CD34 were also up-regulated by Rg3 in the mouse hair follicles. It may be concluded that Rg3 might increase hair growth through stimulation of hair follicle stem cells and it has the potential to be used in hair growth products"
- See
ginseng at Amazon.com
Ginsenoside Rg3 ≥98% (HPLC)
- Sigma-Aldrich -
"Ginsenoside Rg3 is a natural product isolated from Panax ginseng. Similar to other ginsenosides it exhibits cardio protective effects. Ginsenoside Rg3 enhances cardiac, hERG (IKr) and KCNQ (Iks), channel currents by interaction with the channel pore entryway. It also inhibits the palmitate-induced apoptosis of MIN6N8 mouse insulinoma beta-cells through modulating p44/42 MAPK activation. Ginsenoside Rg3 increases the level of the transcription factor Nrf2 and induces the mRNA levels of multidrug resistance-associated protein (Mrp) 1 and Mrp3.1 Rg3 modulate neuroinflammation by attenuating the activation of microglia in response to systemic LPS treatment.2 It activates AMPK in HepG2 cells and reduces the lipid accumulation thereby decreasing the risk of cardiovascular disease due to dyslipidemia"
Panax notoginseng Attenuates Experimental Colitis in the Azoxymethane/Dextran Sulfate Sodium Mouse Model
- Phytother Res. 2013 Oct 21 -
"Our data suggest that P. notoginseng is a promising candidate in preventing and treating colitis and inflammation-associated colon carcinogenesis"
- See
ginseng at Amazon.com
Panax pseudoginseng
- Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia -
"Panax notoginseng is a species of the genus Panax"
Ginsenoside Rg3 improves cardiac mitochondrial population quality:mimetic exercise training
- Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2013 Oct 15 -
"Ginsenoside Rg3 (Rg3), one of the active ingredients in Panax ginseng, is well known in herbal medicine as a tonic and restorative agent ... In the present study, we compared the effects of Rg3 administration with aerobic exercise on mitochondrial adaptation in cardiac muscle tissue of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Three groups of SD rats were studied 1) sedentary control, 2) Rg3-treated and 3) aerobic exercise trained ... Rg3 mimics improved cardiac adaptations to exercise by regulating mitochondria dynamic remodeling and enhancing the quantity and quality of mitochondria"
The effect of fermented red ginseng on depression is mediated by lipids
- Nutr Neurosci. 2013 Oct 1 -
"The cortico-limbic hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis has emerged as an important area for the cause and treatment of depression. The primary aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that hormones, energy sources, and minerals have a causal relationship with depression. The secondary aim was to test whether consumption of fermented red ginseng (FRG) would influence that causal relationship ... One group (49 women) was supplied with FRG capsules, and the other group (44 women) with placebo capsules, for 2 weeks. Both before and after the study, the participants filled out the Beck depression inventory questionnaire, and then blood samples were collected ... cognitive depression (CD) and somatic depression ... the effect of FRG consumption on CD occurred via the energy factor, which is mainly attributable to cholesterol"
Wisconsin Ginseng (Panax quinquefolius) to Improve Cancer-Related Fatigue: A Randomized, Double-Blind Trial, N07C2
- J Natl Cancer Inst. 2013 Jul 13 -
"A multisite, double-blind trial randomized fatigued cancer survivors to 2000mg of American ginseng vs a placebo for 8 weeks ... Three hundred sixty-four participants were enrolled from 40 institutions ... Data support the benefit of American ginseng, 2000mg daily, on CRF over an 8-week period. There were no discernible toxicities associated with the treatment"
Long-term Ginsenoside Rg1 Supplementation Improves Age-Related Cognitive Decline by Promoting Synaptic Plasticity Associated Protein Expression in C57BL/6J Mice
- J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2013 Jul 5 -
"In aging individuals, age-related cognitive decline is the most common cause of memory impairment. Among the remedies, ginsenoside Rg1, a major active component of ginseng, is often recommended for its antiaging effects ... This study employed a scheme of Rg1 supplementation for female C57BL/6J mice, which started at the age of 12 months and ended at 24 months, to investigate the effects of Rg1 supplementation on the cognitive performance. We found that Rg1 supplementation improved the performance of aged mice in behavior test and significantly upregulated the expression of synaptic plasticity-associated proteins in hippocampus, including synaptophysin, N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor subunit 1, postsynaptic density-95, and calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II alpha, via promoting mammalian target of rapamycin pathway activation. These data provide further support for Rg1 treatment of cognitive degeneration during aging"
Effects of Korean ginseng berry extract on sexual function in men with erectile dysfunction: a multicenter, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical study
- Int J Impot Res. 2012 Dec 20 -
"Ginseng is beneficial for many aspects of human physiology, including sexual function ... administered 4 tablets of either standardized Korean ginseng berry (SKGB, 350 mg ginseng berry extract per tablet), or placebo, daily, for 8 weeks. Efficacy was assessed with the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF)-15 and premature ejaculation diagnostic tool (PEDT) at the end of the 4th and 8th week. We observed that the total and each of the individual domain scores of IIEF-15 increased from 40.95+/-7.05 to 46.19+/-12.69 significantly in the SKGB by the 8th week (P<0.05)"
Neoplasm Prevention and Immuno-Enhancement Mediated by Daily Consumption of a Proprietary Extract from North American Ginseng by Elderly Mice of a Cancer-Prone Strain
- Phytother Res. 2012 Nov 7 -
"We have previously shown in a leukemia-induced tumor model (mouse) that a proprietary extract (CVT-E002), of North American ginseng, administered in the diet, significantly increased the absolute numbers of NK cells, significantly decreased leukemia cells and significantly increased the life span of CVT-E002-fed leukemic mice. In the present study, we assessed the efficacy of this extract to inhibit the spontaneous development of tumors in elderly mice of the cancer-prone C3H strain. Dietary CVT-E002 was fed for approximately a year beginning when mice were almost 2 years of age. Control mice, consuming the same chow without CVT-E002, all developed assorted, palpable tumors between 22 and 33 months, while all mice consuming CVT-E002 remained alive and tumor-free until they were purposely euthanized as healthy animals. The absolute numbers of NK cells at euthanasia, in CVT-E002-consuming mice, were significantly elevated in both the spleen and bone marrow. Given these profoundly positive results and the fact that CVT-E002 already exists in the marketplace under the label Cold-fX®, the potential for cancer prevention in humans becomes apparent"
- See
Cold FX, 300mg 168 Capsules
Effects of Sun Ginseng on Memory Enhancement and Hippocampal Neurogenesis
- Phytother Res. 2012 Oct 29 -
"Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer has been used in traditional herb prescriptions for thousands of years. A heat-processing method has been used to increase the efficacy of ginseng, yielding what is known as red ginseng. In addition, recently, a slightly modified heat-processing method was applied to ginseng, to obtain a new type of processed ginseng with increased biological activity; this new form of ginseng is referred to as Sun ginseng (SG) ... These results suggest that SG has memory-enhancing activities and that these effects are mediated, in part, by the increase in the levels of pERK and pAkt and by the increases in cell proliferation and cell survival"
Beneficial effects of Korean red ginseng on lymphocyte DNA damage, antioxidant enzyme activity, and LDL oxidation in healthy participants: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
- Nutr J. 2012 Jul 17;11(1):47 -
"KRG supplementation may attenuate lymphocyte DNA damage and LDL oxidation by upregulating antioxidant enzyme activity"
Ginsenoside Re rapidly reverses insulin resistance in muscles of high-fat diet fed rats
- Metabolism. 2012 May 7 -
"Our results show that the ginsenoside Re induces a remarkably rapid reversal of high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance of muscle glucose transport by reversing the impairment of insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation to the cell surface"
The Synergistic Apoptotic Interaction of Panaxadiol and Epigallocatechin Gallate in Human Colorectal Cancer Cells
- Phytother Res. 2012 May 8 -
"Panaxadiol (PD) is a purified sapogenin of ginseng saponins, which exhibits anticancer activity. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), a major catechin in green tea, is a strong botanical antioxidant ... Cell growth was suppressed after treatment with PD (10 and 20 µm) for 48 h. When PD (10 and 20 µm) was combined with EGCG (10, 20, and 30 µm), significantly enhanced antiproliferative effects were observed in both cell lines. Combining 20 µm of PD with 20 and 30 µm of EGCG significantly decreased S-phase fractions of cells. In the apoptotic assay, the combination of PD and EGCG significantly increased the percentage of apoptotic cells compared with PD alone (p < 0.01). The synergistic apoptotic effects were also supported by docking analysis, which demonstrated that PD and EGCG bound in two different sites of the annexin V protein. Data from this study suggested that apoptosis might play an important role in the EGCG-enhanced antiproliferative effects of PD on human colorectal cancer cells"
Ginseng as a Potential Novel Addition to the Antikeloid Weaponry
- Phytother Res. 2012 Feb 8 -
"Keloid scars are large protruding claw-shaped lesions that develop beyond the confines of the wound and uniquely appears only in humans. For thousands of years ginseng has been used in the traditional medicine in oriental countries. It occupies a prominent position in the list of the best-selling medicinal herbs in the world. Panax ginseng often called Asian or Korean ginseng, is the most extensively used and the best grade of ginseng and the term of 'ginseng' generally refers to Panax ginseng. Previous studies have revealed that ginseng inhibits NF-kappa B, TGF-β, IL-6, ACE and MMP-2 and these factors play a pivotal role in keloid formation pathogenesis. Therefore it could be reasoned that ginseng could be effective for the treatment of the keloid scars. Clinical studies by topical applications of iPanax notoginseng (800 µg/ml) are warranted"
Ginsenoside Rg1 Promotes Glucose Uptake Through Activated AMPK Pathway in Insulin-resistant Muscle Cells
- Phytother Res. 2011 Dec 15 -
"Ginsenoside Rg1, a protopanaxatriols saponin, is one of the major active constituents from Panax ginseng and possesses various biological activities ... chronic treatment of insulin resulted in reduced glucose uptake in the muscle cells. The treatment of ginsenoside Rg1 significantly enhanced glucose uptake in the differentiated muscle cells and the relative abundance of GLUT4 through the adenosine-monophosphate-activated protein kinase pathway. These results suggest that ginsenoside Rg1 improved the insulin resistance in C2C12 muscle cells, which might be useful for prevention of T2DM and metabolic syndromes"
- See
ginseng at Amazon.com
Korean Red Ginseng (Panax ginseng) Improves Insulin Sensitivity in High Fat Fed Sprague-Dawley Rats
- Phytother Res. 2011 Oct 28 -
"Many studies have documented that ginseng has antidiabetic and antiobesity effects, but the mechanism of the effects has not been elucidated. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Korean red ginseng (KRG, Panax ginseng) and investigate the mechanism of antidiabetic and antiobesity effects in obese insulin resistant animal models. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into three groups: a control group (group I) fed a normal diet, another group (group II) fed only high fat diet (HFD) and a third group (group III) fed HFD with KRG (200 mg/kg, oral) for 18 weeks ... A significant weight reduction, especially fat mass reduction, was observed in the KRG treated group. Increased insulin sensitivity was found in the KRG treated group. We observed increased insulin signalling, increased phosphorylation of IR, IRS-1, Akt, and membranous GLUT4 in muscle by Western blotting assay. In conclusion, KRG may have antidiabetic and antiobesity effects due to partly increased insulin sensitivity by increased adipokine and partly enhanced insulin signalling"
- See
ginseng at Amazon.com
Effects of red ginseng supplementation on menopausal symptoms and cardiovascular risk factors in postmenopausal women: a double-blind randomized controlled trial
- Menopause. 2011 Oct 24 -
"The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of red ginseng (RG) on menopausal symptoms and cardiovascular risk factors in postmenopausal women ... either an RG group (supplemented with 3 g of RG, including 60 mg of ginsenosides, per day) or a placebo group for 12 weeks ... Significant improvements in the Kupperman index (P = 0.032) and in the menopause rating scale (P = 0.035) scores were observed in the RG group compared with the placebo group. Total cholesterol (P = 0.009) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P = 0.015) significantly decreased in the group receiving RG. The RG group also showed a significant decrease in carotid intima-media thickness (P = 0.049). Serum estradiol levels were not influenced by RG supplementation"
- See
ginseng at Amazon.com
Preventive Action of Panax ginseng Roots in Hypercortisolism-induced Impairment of Hippocampal Neurons in Male C57BL/6N Mice
- Phytother Res. 2011 Aug;25(8):1242-5 -
"An increasing number of people suffering from hypercortisolism are at risk of developing hippocampus impairment and mental disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the water extract of Panax ginseng roots (GWE) could prevent hypercortisolism-induced adverse consequences. Hypercortisolism was experimentally induced by repeated corticosterone injection in male mice. Treatment with corticosterone alone resulted in a significant decrease in hippocampus neurofilament light chain (NF-L) protein expression and induced depression-like behavior. Serum corticosterone was significantly increased in the corticosterone-treated mice. Treatment with GWE (800 and 400 mg/kg) during corticosterone treatment reduced or partially antagonized the effects induced by corticosterone toward the normal values of the controls; however, it failed to normalize increased corticosterone levels in corticosterone-treated mice. Overall, ginseng conclusively exhibited a protective action against hypercortisolism-induced impairment of hippocampal neurons"
Effects of Ginseng Rhizome and Ginsenoside Ro on Testosterone 5α-Reductase and Hair Re-growth in Testosterone-treated Mice
- Phytother Res. 2011 May 2 -
"Extracts of red ginseng rhizome showed greater dose-dependent inhibitory effects against testosterone 5α-reductase (5αR) when compared with extracts of the main root. Ginsenoside Ro, the predominant ginsenoside in the rhizome, and ginsenoside Rg(3) , a unique ginsenoside in red ginseng, showed inhibitory activity against 5αR with IC(50) values of 259.4 and 86.1 µm, respectively. The rhizome of P. japonicus, which contains larger amounts of ginsenoside Ro, also inhibited 5αR. Topical administration of extracts of red ginseng rhizomes (2 mg/mouse) and ginsenoside Ro (0.2 mg/mouse) to shaved skin inhibited hair re-growth suppression after shaving in the testosterone-treated C57BL/6 mice. These results suggest that red ginseng rhizomes containing both oleanane- and dammarane-type ginsenosides are a promising raw material for cosmetic use. This is the first report that ginsenoside Ro enhances in vivo hair re-growth based on their inhibitory activity against 5αR in the androgenetic alopecia model"
Effects of Korean Red Ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Mayer) and Its Isolated Ginsenosides and Polysaccharides on Arterial Stiffness in Healthy Individuals
- Am J Hypertens. 2010 Feb 4 -
"Although preliminary, this study is the first to demonstrate that KRG may improve arterial stiffness as measured by AI"
A new herbal combination, Etana, for enhancing erectile function: an efficacy and safety study in animals
- Int J Impot Res. 2009 Jun 4 -
"a new herbal combination called Etana that is composed of five herbal extracts including Panax quinquelotius (Ginseng), Eurycoma longifolia (Tongkat Ali), Epimedium grandiflorum (Horny goat weed), Centella asiatica (Gotu Kola) and flower pollen extracts. Most of the above-mentioned extracts have a long historical and traditional use for erectile dysfunction (ED) ... penile erection index (PEI) ... At a 7.5 mg kg(-1) single dose, the percentage of responding rats was 53+/-7 with a PEI of 337+/-72 compared with 17+/-6 with a PEI of 30+/-10 for control animals. This PEI was significantly (P<0.001) higher than each single component and than the sum of any two herbal components of Etana. When compared with sildenafil citrate, Etana induced more pronounced PEI than 0.36 mg kg(-1), but similar to 0.71 mg kg(-1) of sildenafil. Furthermore, full acute and sub-acute toxicity studies showed no toxic effects of Etana. In conclusion, this study describes a new and safe combination of herbal components that enhance erectile function in male rats"
Effect of ginsam, a vinegar extract from Panax ginseng, on body weight and glucose homeostasis in an obese insulin-resistant rat model
- Metabolism. 2009 Jan;58(1):8-15 -
"We evaluated the antihyperglycemic and antiobesity effects of ginsam, a component of Panax ginseng produced by vinegar extraction, which is enriched in the ginsenoside Rg3 ... Insulin-resistant rats treated with ginsam had lower fasting and postprandial glucose concentrations compared with vehicle-treated rats. Importantly, overall glucose excursion during the intraperitoneal 2-hour glucose tolerance test decreased by 21.5% (P < .01) in the treated rats, indicating improved glucose tolerance. Plasma insulin concentration was significantly lower in ginsam-treated rats. These changes may be related to increased glucose transporter 4 expression in skeletal muscle. Interestingly, when the data from both ginsam-treated groups were combined, body weight was 60% lower in the ginsam-treated rats than in the controls (P < .01). Liver weight and serum alanine aminotransferase concentrations were also lower in the ginsam-treated rats. These effects were associated with increased peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma expression and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase phosphorylation in liver and muscle. Our data suggest that ginsam has distinct beneficial effects on glucose metabolism and body weight control in an obese animal model of insulin resistance by changing the expression of genes involved in glucose and fatty acid metabolism"
- See
ginseng at Amazon.com
Panax Ginseng Enhances Cognitive Performance in Alzheimer Disease
- Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord. 2008 Jun 17 -
"ginseng group was treated with Panax ginseng powder (4.5 g/d) for 12 weeks ... After ginseng treatment, the cognitive subscale of ADAS and the MMSE score began to show improvements and continued up to 12 weeks (P=0.029 and P=0.009 vs. baseline, respectively). After discontinuing ginseng, the improved ADAS and MMSE scores declined to the levels of the control group. These results suggest that Panax ginseng is clinically effective in the cognitive performance of AD patients"
- See
ginseng at Amazon.com
Combined effects of swim training and ginseng supplementation on exercise performance time, ROS, lymphocyte proliferation, and DNA damage following exhaustive exercise stress
- Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 2007 Jul;77(4):289-96 -
"These findings suggest that the combined effect of swim training and ginseng supplementation sustain lymphocyte function in the presence of reduced ROS production and DNA damage following acute exercise stress"
Botanical and dietary supplements for mood and anxiety in menopausal women
- Menopause. 2006 Dec 28 -
"The one randomized, controlled trial of ginseng in postmenopausal women reported improvements in mood and anxiety"


text:
NEWSWATCH: "Russia and Ukraine: More similar than either wants to admit" – bne Intellinews/Anders Åslund
"… Russians see themselves as economically superior while Ukrainians cherish their freedom. Yet … economically the similarities are greater than the differences. Their current fundamental problem is their absence of real property rights. … Russia experienced an attempt at serious market economic reform from 1991-94 … avoid[ing] Ukraine's … hyperinflation in 1993. While Russia's situation was bad, Ukraine's was far worse. This policy difference laid the groundwork for Russia's GDP per capita at current exchange rates being three times higher than Ukraine's …. * * * … the ruling elites … are not interested in protecting property rights [but] … maintenance of their monopoly rents. … dead against real property rights and fair courts. …"
Click here for: "Russia and Ukraine: More similar than either wants to admit" – Intellinews/Anders Åslund
[featured image is file photo from another occasion]

subset: commoncrawl


text:
The Ideal Move, An Allied Moving Agent, Serving Customers in Greene, NY
If you live in or around Greene, NY, we can provide you with the best moving services available. Among Allied Moving agents, The Ideal Move ranks as one of the most respected. Even after 25 plus years, we still offer superior quality service at a competitive price. Regardless of whether you need help with a residential or commercial move, we have the experience and expertise to get the job done correctly. Providing stellar service is our top priority, which is why everyone at The Ideal Move goes beyond what our competitors offer to achieve your satisfaction.
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We can handle virtually every aspect of your upcoming move. You can start by requesting a free estimate. In response, we will send a company representative to your home or business to assess the type and volume of goods involved. Based on the findings, we will provide you with a fair and accurate quote. To streamline the moving process, you can also take advantage of our specialized services, including packing and unpacking, furniture assembly and disassembly, furniture installation, IT server disconnect and reconnect, and more. For all your needs, our team of experts has the required experience and skills.
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Because every Greene, NY, customer has different needs, we always customize our approach. At The Ideal Move, we promise to treat you as an individual and show you and your belongings the utmost respect from start to finish. As the most trusted movers among moving companies in NY, we know that the moving process is often overwhelming. By working on your behalf, you can relax and even enjoy the experience. In addition to moving services, we also have a clean and secure storage facility if you need it.
For help with your move, please contact us today at The Ideal Move. We will not disappoint.


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Stay on Top of Enterprise Technology Trends
Get updates impacting your industry from our GigaOm Research Community
Here's the cleantech sector's response to the Presidential election: thank-frickin-gawd. Or, more professionally, GigaOM Pro analyst Martin Piszczalski writes:
Democrats came out ahead in the November 2012 elections, which has many implications for the renewable-energy sector. Importantly, the production tax credit (PTC) for wind power now has a much better chance of being extended soon. Nevertheless, new government support for the renewable-energy industry will be significantly lower than in the past four years.
Read the rest of his research note on how the outcome of the election will effect cleantech, on GigaOM Pro (subscription required).
Next-generation batteries will be crucial for the proliferation of electric cars, as well as clean power (wind and solar need accompanying storage). GigaOM Pro recently published a 22-page report on the latest in advanced battery technologies. It's a fascinating read.
In the report, GigaOM Pro contributor, and Pike Research analyst Brittany Gibson, writes:
Despite inherent risk in this industry, the market garners a significant investment from university, government, and private entities at many points along the development cycle, targeting everything from materials science to marketing to project development. Without attention at each point, advanced batteries will continue to suffer from this industry's slow pace of development. It remains to be seen whether innovation in this industry can accelerate at any other pace.
Read the rest of the report here (subscription required).
And finally, GigaOM Pro cleantech analyst Adam Lesser today writes about the looming question of whether the U.S. should aggressively export natural gas. Non-subscribers and subscribers alike can read that one, here.


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Article content
Jordan Eberle still draws a crowd at the Brandt Centre.
A season-high gathering of 5,858 looked on with approval as the Regina Pats retired the jersey of the home-grown hero, a former junior superstar who has become one of the NHL's top young guns with the Edmonton Oilers. The Pats could have used old No. 7 in the lineup on Wednesday as they dropped a 5-1 decision to the red-hot Red Deer Rebels.
"It was a really special night and we would have liked to get the win," said Pats forward Morgan Klimchuk. "It doesn't change the feeling — a loss is a loss — but tonight it hurts a little bit more."
For head coach Pat Conacher, it was more about the way they lost.
"At the end of the day if no people are here or it's a special night or not we have to have a better effort than that," he said. "You may not be the most talented person but you shouldn't be outhustled like we were outhustled tonight."
The opening faceoff was delayed 30 minutes for a pre-game ceremony in Eberle's honour. It featured a video tribute, live speeches and pre-recorded messages from teammates and other luminaries — including fellow Pats greats Mike Sillinger and Dale Derkatch — before Eberle's banner was raised at centre ice.
When the injury-depleted Pats finally hit the ice they did so with the much-needed addition of centre Trent Ouellette, who was the team's leading scorer when he suffered a knee injury on Oct. 26. He missed 15 games.
Despite Ouellette's return, the Pats found themselves in an early hole when Tyson Ness fired a long-distance shot that beat goalie Matt Hewitt just 4:15 into the game. Regina's Adam Rossignol got it back less than four minutes later, redirecting Colby Williams' shot past Patrik Bartosak.
Rhyse Dieno made it 2-1 at 11:59 of the second when he parked himself in Hewitt's front pocket and banged in a centring feed from Turner Elson. Joel Hamilton made it 3-1 with 4:57 left in the second period, finding the open net after a shot from the point hit the end boards and bounced fortuitously onto his stick.
Dieno gave the Rebels a 4-1 lead in the third when he walked in from the corner and put a great move on Hewitt, drawing the Pats' goalie to the ice before lifting a shot high into the open net. Filip Vasko added another goal with 30 seconds left to put the finishing touch on an eight-game winning streak for Red Deer (18-11-1-1).
The Pats (11-16-2-2) have lost five in a row. They were outshot 49-20, falling one short of giving up 50-plus shots for the fourth straight game.
"That Red Deer team, I tip my hat to them," added Conacher. "You can go out and give a valiant effort and lose the game but that game tonight I'm going to take that (as an example for his own squad). I look at that Red Deer team, their top point getter has 20 points. Not one guy is doing it or two guys or three guys, 20 guys are doing it. That's much like what we have to put together here. It's not pretty but it's effective."
Klimchuk admitted that having to sit through a long ceremony to open the game didn't benefit the Pats, but he was quick to point out that the Rebels had to play through it too.
"You're both sitting there," he said. "It's not ideal but it was a great night for Jordan. I'm really happy for him. I had no problems sitting through it."
The same goes for Rebels defenceman Matt Dumba, who leaves next week to try out for Canada's world junior team. Dumba said he derived inspiration and motivation from watching highlights of Eberle's exploits on the international stage.
"That's basically all I was thinking about when I was sitting on the bench," Dumba said with a smile. "Just remembering all the goals he scored with Team Canada and what an experience he must have had. I was picturing maybe the possible future for me but I know I still have a ton of hard work in front of me."
EXTRAS: Eberle's banner will be placed on the west end of the Brandt Centre, along with those of Sillinger, Derkatch, Ed Staniowski, Brad Hornung, Clark Gillies, Doug Wickenheiser, Dennis Sobchuk and Bill Hicke . . . There was a lineup almost half-way around the concourse when Eberle began signing autographs during the first intermission . . . Oilers president of hockey operations Kevin Lowe provided one of the pre-recorded messages, along with Oilers prospects Colten Teubert and Brandon Davidson, both of whom are former Pats captains. Davidson and Teubert are Eberle's teammates with the AHL's Oklahoma City Barons during the NHL lockout. Oilers GM Steve Tambellini was among the special guests . . . Davidson returned to practice this week with the Barons following successful surgery for testicular cancer . . . Pats F Emil Sylvegard (hand) and D/F Kade Pilton (virus) returned to the Pats' lineup, but the team was without D Luke Fenske (wrist). Regina's other scratches were D Colton Jobke (hand), C Chandler Stephenson (foot), F Jack Rodewald (shoulder), F Dyson Stevenson (virus) and F Dryden Hunt (concussion), along with F Ty McLean and F Henry Hardarson . . . Dieno, a recent callup from the SJHL's La Ronge Ice Wolves, added two assists for a four-point night . . . The Pats are to visit Saskatoon on Saturday before wrapping up a home-and-home set on Sunday afternoon against the Blades.
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The 2012 U.S. election, like just about every presidential campaign in recent memory, was couched as a culture-wars battle for the country's soul.
But the result not only confirmed that the majority of U.S. voters feel comfortable with Barack Obama's stewardship, it also suggested that Americans in general have embraced a more progressive outlook.
"America's changing. I'm calling it 'Obamerica,'" says Gil Troy, a history professor at McGill University in Montreal and author of Leading from the Centre: Why Moderates Make the Best Presidents.
"It's a different place. It's much more multicultural, much more diverse, a much more open, tolerant place. It's also a place that doesn't quite know where its soul is at."
Despite a gaffe-prone campaign, Republican candidate Mitt Romney had a very strong showing, improving in almost every way on John McCain's performance in 2008. Romney took 48 per cent of the popular vote, compared to McCain's 46 per cent, and carried 24 states — two more than McCain.
But a number of outcomes from Tuesday night also seem to point to the United States' increasingly liberal psyche.
In addition to choosing their next president, citizens in several states were asked to weigh in on a variety of ballot initiatives, several of which were traditionally progressive causes.
Both Maine and Maryland sanctioned gay marriage, the first time in the U.S. that the issue has been approved by a popular vote. As a result, they became the seventh and eighth states to allow same-sex couples to wed.
These decisions seem to reflect the president's own, admittedly belated, assessment of the issue.
In May 2012, Obama told an ABC News interviewer that his attitude had "evolved," and that he now believed that "same-sex couples should be able to get married."
In another hot-button social issue, Colorado and Washington state legalized marijuana for recreational use.
"When the law changes on issues like gay marriage, for example, and people find that society hasn't fallen apart, you do see a shift of public opinion that moves in supporting those policies," says Chris Cochrane, a politics professor at the University of Toronto.
It's always possible that something like gay marriage legislation can be reversed after it has been implemented, Cochrane adds. "But it's a lot easier to prevent something from happening than reversing it after it's occurred."
Tea Party's take
Cultural critics such as McGill's Troy feel that the U.S. is gradually becoming a much more liberal society, which, ironically, is the view shared by members of the Tea Party, the grassroots conservative movement that emerged in the wake of Obama's historic election in 2008.
The Tea Party capitalized on a feeling among many conservatives that the Obama presidency was leading the country into an era of social and fiscal licentiousness, as well as bigger government.
Scottie Hughes, the news director for the Tea Party News Network, contends that Romney's narrow defeat was the result of his dilution of conservative ideals on issues like abortion.
"Moderates don't win elections," she says.
"Whether it be Bob Dole or John McCain or Mitt Romney, the establishment of the Republican Party keeps trying to tell us that this is the kind of candidate that we need to have representing us. And time and time again, the American people say, 'No, we don't.'"
Troy rejects this reading, and the rejection by voters on Tuesday of two controversial Republican Senate candidates, who became mired in abortion politics, would appear to back up his view.
"The Tea Party is going to claim that the reason Romney lost is because they were unheard," says Troy. "I think it's because they were too loud and too shrill."
Indeed, many commentators have suggested that two of the most damaging episodes for the Republicans were the comments made by a pair of Tea Party-supported candidates on the issue of abortion.
During an October debate, Richard Mourdock, the Republican candidate for one of Indiana's two Senate seats, said life is a "gift from God" and that "even when life begins in that horrible situation of rape, that it is something God intended to happen."
Mourdock lost his bid, notably in a state that flipped from Obama's camp to Romney's.
His remarks followed a similarly controversial comment by the Republican candidate in the Missouri Senate race, Todd Akin, in August.
Answering a TV interviewer's question about abortion, Akin referred to something called "legitimate rape" and suggested "the female body has ways to try to shut that whole thing down."
After the Republicans failed to reclaim control of the Senate on election night, Republican Party chairman Jason Whitman tweeted: "I just want to say a quick thank you to @ToddAkin for helping us lose the senate."
Still polarized
The outrage that followed those comments demonstrated the limits of U.S. conservatism, suggests Robert Asselin, assistant director of the Graduate School of Public and International Affairs at the University of Ottawa.
"I do think that going forward, the Tea Party will be more and more marginalized," he says. "I think they've had their hour of glory."
As Asselin sees it, the Romney campaign only started to gain momentum when he started to adopt more moderate stances than he had taken during the primaries in the presidential debates.
"What made his success after the first debate was that he centred himself," says Asselin. "He presented a more centrist position, which is where you win elections."
While the 2012 election seemed to vindicate many of the issues that Democrats have championed, the Tea Party's Hughes suggests that it's misguided to suggest that the U.S. on the whole is tilting leftward.
"Try to put a pro-gay initiative in Alabama, or legalizing drugs in Alabama. Good luck with that one," she says.
Asselin agrees. Despite some liberal wins on election night, the U.S. remains "a very polarized electorate," he says.
"At least half of the people think 'liberal' is a bad word and that means big government, and big government in the States, even by many Democrats, is seen as a bad thing."
Also on HuffPost


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from The Century Dictionary.
- noun A slit; specifically, a short slit or opening left in an article of dress, as in the sleeve of a shirt, at the top of the skirt in a dress, etc., as a means of putting it on; a placket or placket-hole.
- noun A crack; a flaw.
- noun A remnant, as of cotton; an odd piece; specifically, imperfectly printed or imperfectly dyed ends of cotton and other cloths, which are sold for patchwork and similar purposes.
- noun The binding of any part of the dress.
- To bind (cloth).
Sorry, no etymologies found.
Th 'e Kine But by Mr. juftice Page: This is a judgment, the other is no more againft Cot - than a charge •, it would not be neceffary in cares of removal, to give no - "■ « tice to the parifti to whom the pauper is fent, which is never done.
The law of a justice of peace and parish officer: containing all the acts of Parliament at large concerning them, and the cases determined on those acts in the Court of King's Bench. To which is added, a collection of precedents revised and settled by persons of eminence in the law; comprising a greater variety than any other work of this kind extant
He anat fent fotos de tot el procés, i que completaré fins el divendres, quan espero tenir-ho tot llest.
Nou projecte: reclassificació de la Biblioteca de la UOC a Tortosa | [bauen]
Però us deixo les fotos que he anat fent aquests dies.
És el que estem fent ara: ens ha fallat el primer ponent de la tarda, i ens hem empescat una petita ronda de presentacions de les entitats que hem organitzat tota aquesta gran festa.
Liveblogging (6): Jornades àtic2a 2009, qüestions del directe | [bauen]
Wendee, Reading your note for the 13th, I had to snicker about the fence 'thingie'... once I heard a comedian wonder the same thing, since the word fence sounds plural, he came up with the singular 'fent'. lol Not sure what other word there is, slat, perhaps?
A flash of that image will come into my head and I will be fent into fits of laughter.
When a pt came in allergic to morphine he gave remi-fent.
A fent thief, or perhaps a fent damaged in Hurricane Ike.
Hi Katy , ive really fallen off the no fabric wagon ... ive been to the fent shop today and then tonight ive won some more spotty fabric on ebay !
October 5, 2008 at 12:01 pm more den one fent is fents.
Iz onna fence - Lolcats 'n' Funny Pictures of Cats - I Can Has Cheezburger?
Opens each fent, scent, memory, aftermath
In the sky and the sod.
—Lawrence Durrell, 'Carol on Corfu'
"What is this picture but a fragment?
Is it linen—papyrus—who can say?
All those stains and fents and stretched bits, but
she was a character, even a beauty, you can see that
from the set of her head and the rakish snood
her tight black curls are fighting to escape from."
"The Sandal" by Edwin Morgan, quoted in Artful by Ali Smith, pp 25-26
My jacket I know has a vent
But too little time have I spent
In learning the lesson
Of clothes that I dress in
To praise the ubiquitous fent.


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Gluten-free diet
A gluten-free diet is a diet completely free of gluten. Gluten is a protein found in wheat (including kamut and spelt), barley, rye, malts and triticale. Gluten is also used as a food additive in the form of a flavoring, stabilizing or thickening agent, often hidden under "maltodextrine", "dextrine", and "dextrose". A gluten-free diet is the only medically accepted treatment for celiac disease,[1] the related condition dermatitis herpetiformis,[2] and wheat allergy.[1]
Accuracy of "gluten-free" labels
Standards for "gluten-free" labelling have been set up by the "Codex Alimentarius"; however, these regulations do not apply to "foods which in their normal form do not contain gluten".[13]
The legal definition of the phrase "gluten-free" varies from country to country. Current research suggests that for persons with coeliac disease the maximum safe level of gluten in a finished product is probably less than 0.02% (200 parts per million) and possibly as little as 0.002% (20 parts per million).
Australian standards reserve the "gluten free" label for foods with less than 5 parts per million of gluten, as this is the smallest amount currently detectable. In the processing of gluten-containing grains, gluten is removed (shown in the processing flow below)
Wheat Flour (80,000ppm) > Wheat Starch (200ppm) > Dextrin > Maltodextrin > Glucose Syrup (<5ppm) > Dextrose > Caramel Color
Since ordinary wheat flour contains approximately 12% gluten,[14] even a tiny amount of wheat flour can cross-contaminate a gluten-free product. Therefore, considerable care must be taken to prevent cross-contamination in both commercial and home food preparation.
This diet rules out all ordinary breads, pastas, and many convenience foods; it also excludes gravies, custards, soups and sauces thickened with wheat, rye, barley or other gluten-containing flour. Many countries do not require labeling of gluten containing products, but in several countries (especially Australia and the European Union) new product labeling standards are enforcing the labeling of gluten-containing ingredients. Various gluten-free bakery and pasta products are available from specialty retailers.
In the United States, gluten may not be listed on the labels of certain foods because the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has classified gluten as GRAS (Generally Recognized As Safe).[15] Requirements for proper labeling are being formulated by the USDA. It is currently up to the manufacturers of "gluten free" food items to guarantee such a claim. "A final rule that defines the term gluten-free and identifies the criteria that would enable the food industry to use that term" was scheduled to be released by the FDA on August 2, 2008 .[16] This final rule has not yet come to fruition. For now, many individuals who must eat gluten free use sources online to search the gluten free content of products. One common gluten free product search site is Celiaccess.com [4]
any so-called gluten free products have been found to have been contaminated with gluten such as chicken bouillon, corn cereal, and caramel ice cream topping. .[17] For example, in an investigation reported by the Chicago Tribune on November 21, 2008, Wellshire Farms chicken nuggets labeled "gluten-free" were purchased and samples were sent to a food allergy lab at the University of Nebraska.[18] Results of the testing indicated gluten was present in levels exceeding 2,000 ppm. After the article was published, the products continued to be sold. However, after receiving customer inquiries, Whole Foods Market removed the product from their shelves over a month later. Wellshire Farms has since replaced the batter used in their chicken nuggets.[19]
In the United Kingdom, only cereals currently need to be labeled, while other products are voluntary.[20] For example, most British sausages contain Butcher's Rusk, a grain-derivedfood additive.[21] Furthermore, while UK companies selling food prepared on their own premises are given guidance by the Food Standards Agency, they are not required to meet any labeling requirements.[22]Lastly, some non-foodstuffs such as medications and vitamin supplements, especially those in tablet form, may contain gluten as an excipient or binding agent.[23][24] People with gluten intolerances may therefore require specialist compounding of their medication.[14]
Alcoholic beverages
Several celiac groups report that according to the American Dietetic Association's "Manual of Clinical Dietetics" [25][26] many types of alcoholic beverages are considered gluten free, provided no colourings or other additives have been added as these ingredients may contain gluten. Although most forms of whiskey are distilled from a mash that includes grains that contain gluten, distillation removes any proteins present in the mash, including gluten. Although up to 49% of the mash for Bourbon and up to 20% of the mash for corn whiskey may be made up of wheat, or rye, all-corn Bourbons and corn whiskeys do exist, and are generally labeled as such.
Spirits made without any grain such as brandy, wine, mead, cider,sherry, port, rum, tequila and vermouth generally do not contain gluten, although some vineyards use a flour paste to caulk the oak barrels in which wine is aged,[27] and other vineyards use gluten as a clarifying agent (though it's unclear whether gluten remains at the end of the clarification process).[28][29] Therefore, some coeliacs may wish to exercise caution. Liqueurs and pre-mixed drinks should be examined carefully for gluten-derived ingredients.
While many spirits were traditionally made without grain, such as tequila, rum and vodka, today
Medical benefits
The scientific literature on the link between gluten and autism is mixed and there is no substantial research on in utero causality. There have been too few adequately designed, large-scale controlled studies and clinical trials to state whether the diet is effective.[32] A small, single-blind study has documented fewer autistic behaviors in children fed a gluten-free, casein-free diet, but noted no change in cognitive skills, linguistic ability, or motor ability.[33] This study has been criticized for its small sample size, singleblind design which may have skewed results on the basis of a "parent placebo effect".[34] A 2006 double-blind short-term study found no significant differences in behavior between children on a gluten-free, casein-free diet and those on regular diets.[35] A long term double-blind clinical trial sponsored by the National Institute of Mental Health ran from 2004 until November 2008; as of July 2009, results are not yet available.[36]
Gluten sensitivity is also seen as a genetically inheritable problem. With gluten being an ingredient in medication it is highly advised that a person on the gluten free diet consult a doctor and check the labels of medications before beginning a medication.[37]
they are more commonly made with barley, wheat or rye (instead of agave, sugar or potatoes, et cetera). Often, only high-end specialty alcoholic brands are made with what are considered the traditional ingredients. In addition, many people diagnosed with celiac disease still experience symptoms when drinking distilled alcoholic beverages. Therefore, it is advised that a person with coeliac disease check with a manufacturer about the ingredients that have been used in a hard liquor, and to proceed with caution if choosing to drink a liquor that is made with wheat, barley, oats or rye.
Almost all beers are brewed with malted barley or wheat and will contain gluten. Sorghum and Redbridge beer buckwheat-based gluten-free beers are available, but remain very much a specialty product. Some low-gluten beers are also available, however there is disagreement over the use of gluten products in brewed beverages: Some brewers argue that the proteins from such grains as barley or wheat are converted into amino acids during the brewing process and are therefore gluten-free,[30] however there is evidence that this claim is false.[31]