text:
The People's Liberation Army has criticized its own military personnel for being paralyzed by peace as China ramps up preparations for war.
This week, a PLA Daily report blasted its own soldiers for refusing to face the possibility of war, blaming the recent period of peace for paralyzing the current generation of troops, reported the Global Times, a newspaper produced by the ruling Communist party.
"War is not far from us. Regional situations around China are complex and unstable, and dangers are hiding under the peace. China cannot afford a military failure, so we must be fully aware of potential crisis and be prepared for battle at all times," the official PLA newspaper wrote.
On Thursday, President Xi Jinping called for the military to demonstrate heroism and a fighting spirit to safeguard the communist party's interests at the second plenary session of the 19th Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of the CPC, reported Xinhua News Agency.
That same day, the official military news site warned its soldiers to prepare for imminent threats and to avoid complacency as it begins intense training to ready the country for battle.
This follows the enormous military assembly on January 3 where President Xi Jinping told his troops not to fear "hardship or death" and issued instructions to its forces to begin real combat training for all three branches of the military – the army, the navy and the air force.
Since Xi's speech, China's most advanced military aircrafts have been conducting extreme exercises, according to the Global Times. These exercises, at home and abroad, have included air combat training with the J-20 stealth fighter jet, the Y-20 transport aircraft and the H-6K bomber.
Xu Guangyu, a retired general, says the likelihood that China will be forced to engage in military conflict has increased over the past few years.
"In regions like the Korea Peninsula, China-India border area and the Taiwan Straits, the PLA needs to be prepared for all possibilities. Our overseas interests in regions like Africa and the Middle East are also under threat due to local instability," he said.


text:
Health Benefits
FrameSpace buildings deliver a particularly airtight, thermally superior envelope. This means that mechanical heat exchange ventilation systems must be installed to deliver warm, fresh air constantly for the comfort of the occupiers. With an absence of cold bridges, the chances of condensation forming with subsequent mould growth is totally eliminated. A truly healthier environment for everyone.
Older buildings that are cold with condensation on windows and walls are a health hazard. Asthma is linked to Mould Growth in homes and 10% of people the UK and Ireland suffer from Asthma.
These risks are entirely absent in a FrameSpace building!
What's the Evidence?
The World Health Organisation found that there is a direct causal link between asthma and dampness or mould in homes "Evident dampness or mould in buildings (such as visible dampness, visible water damage, visible mould, or mould odour), were consistently associated with increases in a number of diseases: development of new asthma, exacerbation of existing asthma, ever-diagnosis of asthma, current asthma, respiratory infections, bronchitis, allergic rhinitis (inflammation of nasal passages with runny nose or congestion), and eczema"
The University of Exeter Medical School, drew evidence from 17 studies in eight countries. which suggested there were links between a number of different types of fungi and breathing problems in asthma sufferers, such as Aspergillus and the antibiotic-producing Penicillin.
Co-author and senior research fellow Dr. Nick Osborne added: "We need to make sure that increasing the energy efficiency of people's homes doesn't increase their exposure to damp and mould, and potentially damage their health."
The results of another survey (Damp housing and asthma: a case-control study I J Williamson, C J Martin, G McGill,RDH Monie, A G Fennerty) found that asthmatic patients attending a hospital asthma clinic were two to three times more likely to live in a dwelling with evidence of dampness than an age and sex matched random sample of the general population living in the same area of the city of Glasgow.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Brixton Community Base on Talma Road have asked us to spread the word about a cabaret show that's taking place in the Walled Garden on Saturday 25th and 26th August at 6pm. It's called "Catch me a song!" and is being run by sixteenfeet productions, who also do the Wind in the Willows childrens' show (which runs until 27th August also in Brockwell Park).
So if you fancy a bit of Ain't Misbehavin' in your life, call Caroline on 07958 448 690 for tickets. She says if you mention Effrablog you might get a discount. The weather forecast doesn't look to bad but you're allowed to bring your own rugs just in case.


text:
Leisure and Visitors
Your Council
For the latest Covid-19 (Coronavirus) information - click here
Most trees in designated conservation areas are automatically protected. This means that they cannot be felled or undergo maintenance without submitting a notification to the Council at least 6 weeks before any planned works.
How do I find out if I live in a conservation area?
The Council has produced an interactive map that shows the locations of all conservation areas and tree preservation orders in NK.
How do I submit a 6 week notification to the Council?
You can download a notification form from the downloads section on this page.
How much does the notification cost?
Submitting a 6 week notification to the Council is free of charge.
What will the Council do when it receives my notification?
The Council will visit your property to make a visual assessment of the tree(s). The Council is unfortunately unable to make pre-arranged appointments to inspect the tree(s) subject of your notification. As it is a 'notification' and not an 'application', the Council cannot refuse permission/consent for you to carry out the proposed works to the tree(s). However we will do one of the following:
What are the penalties associated with unauthorised works to trees in conservation areas?
It is a criminal offence to carry out works to trees in conservation areas without having submitted a 6 week advanced notification to the Council. The penalties associated with these offences are the same as those for trees subject of a tree preservation order.
Find and talk with us online, or contact us directly by online form or email
General enquiries
Online forms
Twitter - Opens in a new window
Facebook - Opens in a new window
YouTube - Opens in a new window


text:
Loretta Lynch vs Carolina's Anti-Transgender Law: She Means Business. Srsly.
This is one to read and listen to. Loretta Lynch is nobody to mess with. And her statement has nationwide ramifications.
Here is some of what she said:
U.S. Attorney General Loretta Lynch: This action is about a great deal more than just bathrooms. This is about the dignity and respect we accord our fellow citizens and the laws that we, as a people and as a country, have enacted to protect them – indeed, to protect all of us. And it's about the founding ideals that have led this country – haltingly but inexorably – in the direction of fairness, inclusion and equality for all Americans.
This is not the first time that we have seen discriminatory responses to historic moments of progress for our nation.
We saw it in the Jim Crow laws that followed the Emancipation Proclamation. We saw it in fierce and widespread resistance to Brown v. Board of Education. And we saw it in the proliferation of state bans on same-sex unions intended to stifle any hope that gay and lesbian Americans might one day be afforded the right to marry.
That right, of course, is now recognized as a guarantee embedded in our Constitution, and in the wake of that historic triumph, we have seen bill after bill in state after state taking aim at the LGBT community.
Some of these responses reflect a recognizably human fear of the unknown, and a discomfort with the uncertainty of change. But this is not a time to act out of fear. This is a time to summon our national virtues of inclusivity, diversity, compassion and open-mindedness.
What we must not do – what we must never do – is turn on our neighbors, our family members, our fellow Americans, for something they cannot control, and deny what makes them human.
This is why none of us can stand by when a state enters the business of legislating identity and insists that a person pretend to be something they are not, or invents a problem that doesn't exist as a pretext for discrimination and harassment.
Let me speak now to the people of the great state, the beautiful state, my state of North Carolina. You've been told that this law protects vulnerable populations from harm – but that just is not the case.
Instead, what this law does is inflict further indignity on a population that has already suffered far more than its fair share. This law provides no benefit to society – all it does is harm innocent Americans.
Instead of turning away from our neighbors, our friends, our colleagues, let us instead learn from our history and avoid repeating the mistakes of our past.
Let us reflect on the obvious but often neglected lesson that state-sanctioned discrimination never looks good in hindsight. It was not so very long ago that states, including North Carolina, had signs above restrooms, water fountains and on public accommodations keeping people out based upon a distinction without a difference.
We have moved beyond those dark days, but not without pain and suffering and an ongoing fight to keep moving forward. Let us write a different story this time. Let us not act out of fear and misunderstanding, but out of the values of inclusion, diversity and regard for all that make our country great.
Let me also speak directly to the transgender community itself. Some of you have lived freely for decades. Others of you are still wondering how you can possibly live the lives you were born to lead.
But no matter how isolated or scared you may feel today, the Department of Justice and the entire Obama Administration wants you to know that we see you; we stand with you; and we will do everything we can to protect you going forward.
Please know that history is on your side. This country was founded on a promise of equal rights for all, and we have always managed to move closer to that promise, little by little, one day at a time. It may not be easy – but we'll get there together.
I want to thank my colleagues in the Civil Rights Division who have devoted many hours to this case so far, and who will devote many more to seeing it through.


text:
My Husband Blames Me For His Affair – Who's To Blame?
Her husband is having an affair and blames it for his actions. Why do you blame him? Why did she want a relationship? There will be more than a dozen questions; there is a right to deceive her husband or her? No matter what reason is there is no justification for it. So do not be your fault that your husband cheating.
It is normal for a fraudster to feel guilty and find an excuse for defense can actually make them feel "less guilty". What are the most common excuses for a company?
– Not enough attention to me, and I need someone to talk to.
– I had enough of your Nags, I need rest.
– We are drifting apart and I do not feel you understand what I want.
– I had enough of it, is to be bored.
– We do not have enough sex.
– I do not love you.
– I am making this marriage emphasized.
– You work too much.
– We always fight and I need some space.
The truth is that there is always the excuse for an adventure of a con artist his truck and find someone to point the finger it more difficult to heal and to repair the marriage. If a company is in marriage, shows that there are problems. It is the responsibility both for you to work together and solve.
Your emotions will play an important role in this problem. They experience anger and sadness, and that is natural for you to respond in this way your husband's affair. Try to keep emotions under control, because it will make it exhausted and depressed, if you can not work your feelings.
The plans
Make some plans for your marriage problems. How are you going to the affair with your husband? Think carefully about how you want your marriage. Whatever plans they will make sure am going to show no weakness and despair. Communicate calmly with your spouse, if you want to inspire a change in him. It is only through this way, you can find the real problem.
This can be a challenge dealing with the economy. As long as you keep building and repair it properly, you can move to the marriage with the healing phase. I saw many couples, the marriage was "more to the survival of a company.
Want to know how to end the affair and your husband I love him more? Click here to discover best practices for him to fall in love with you again.
The reconstruction of two-way communication is a vital relationship. There is no real relationship if two of you just talk to each other in relation to domestic activities. While this is important is not simply the only element that has the relationship offline.
An important part of this communication, we must be honest. Her husband said enough is cheating, as they had a marital relationship. If marriage is to repair, then the truth must be ahead in the middle. No more dishonesty, which includes not only the actual words, but also a failure.
But be careful. While telling the truth is definitely the best policy, it can easily lead to further problems. The fact is, if done wrong, if it's a good marital relationship one can destroy once and for all.
A. Communication Overload
You can decide cheated in an open discussion with your spouse committed on marital business data. You can do this in order to help the recovery phase. And as marriage partners begin sharing details in a very explicit. It is not long before they were feeling angry is one thing.
The description is not to suffer more and the next thing you know, an explosion was filled with blood. Anger is triggered and the two start fighting almost constantly.
If you really want to learn graphic details of the marriage business, then be ready to call, and a little time to go to. Given the small amount you save a lot of stress and anxiety. Are currently under great pressure, it can not be more than what is currently there to add. Also note that not always know the graphic details of the civil activities begin to catch up. Sometimes it is advisable to only do so much.
Two. The truth waving the gun
After cheating on your partner think that is your personal right to be their judge. And oh boy you exercise this right. You can change the truth about the use of your significant other as a blunt instrument. Whatever you use it as an opportunity to explain about your spouse all the things that are wrong with them. From a certain thing they said years ago, which is annoying behavior is silent for more than it should have.
Not long before the spouse reaches the conclusion that two people can play this game and the next thing you know the truth bombs on each other fast and furious play are thrown.
This is certainly no way to heal after infidelity. To stay in the relationship requires truth, but if there is no sense of proportion, so you can cool down and stop and start divorce proceedings now. To say the truth is meant to establish the marriage and did not hurt even more than you now.
I've heard that sometimes women are not sure what to do about her marriage after her husband to cheat or have an affair. Some of them really want to save their marriage, but they are not sure whether this will be possible – or even healthy.
I heard told by a woman. "I know that this is a big cliché, but my husband had a long-term relationship with his secretary after I found out she left her job because she told my husband that I will be useful. So, I trust that it reasonable is now out of the picture, but, although I would like to save my marriage, I'm not sure if this is possible .. I'm married to a friend, after her husband is her affair and was so angry and unhappy with it, it means that business issues on a regular basis .. it clear none of them were able to move on and that both are extremely unhappy. She tells me that she thinks it would be better that both have been divorced because there is really no way to really get over infidelity. It is the right one? I really want to save my marriage, but it's better to just cut my losses and get a divorce, after this kind of waste in front of the betrayal all the while trying to save my marriage, but end up being unhappy, somehow. "
Divorce is not, of course, after an affair: It may surprise you when I say this, but leave many couples after infidelity. I realize this is a common perception that divorce is usually a business, but that's really not the case. Many couples have chosen to remain married for a variety of reasons.
By: Taha Mateen.


text:
The beauty of this area is magical. Hop on a cruise on Lake Brienz, the exquisitely turquoise lake east of Interlaken, and enjoy premier vistas to the surrounding mountains, forested hills, craggy cliffs and waterfalls.
Regular boats take you from village to village. You can hop-off hop-on and spend some time exploring several picturesque villages along the banks of the Brienzersee, as we call it.
The main hub in this area is Interlaken Ost and Interlaken West, including Wilderswil, ideal base for visiting laid back Lake Brienz area and the Jungfrau region. From leisurely Lake excursions to exciting hikes and biking tours or strolling through deeply traditional villages such as Iseltwald, Bönigen and the wood carving center Brienz, the activities are endless.
This region is also home to Switzerland's only steam powered cogwheel mountain train still in operation - the Rothorn Bahn - and to the Open Air Museum - Ballenberg - that provides fascinating insights into our past.
Highway A8 winds its way along the Southern shore, partly tunneled. A secondary road (free of tunnels) runs along the North shore.
Trains run on half hour intervals and connect villages on the North shore of the lake and all the way to Meiringen and Lucerne. From Interlaken Ost regular connection to the rest of Switzerland.
Postal buses run on the Southern shore: Giessbach and Axalp from Brienz and Bönigen from Interlaken Ost.
The boat launch in Interlaken Ost is conveniently located behind the train station and in Brienz directly vis-à-vis the train station and just steps away from the Brienzer Rothorn mountain railway.
Rent a bike. Guided tours available.
The Lake Brienz Area is located in the Bernese Oberland to the east of Lake Thun and Interlaken. The small strip between the two lakes - connected by the river Aare - is occupied by the towns of Bönigen, Matten, Interlaken and Unterseen and a little further south Wilderswil.
If you travel by regular train (operated by the Zentralbahn) from Lucerne to Interlaken Ost via Brünig-Hasliberg consider leaving the train in Brienz and hop on a boat for the last leg of your journey to "Interlaken Ost" (or visa-versa). The boat launch is right across the train station, so even if you carry suitcases with you, it shouldn't pose a problem. All train tickets and passes are valid on boats. No extra fee applies, unless you choose to travel in first class (upper deck). Easy upgrade on the ship.
Following the most attractive festivals and events. There are many fabulous concerts throughout the season. Do check with the tourist offices.
If you liked this page I'd appreciate a share. Thank you!
Copyright © 2011 - 2020 by Fida Wild, SwissVistas.com. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.


text:
Here is another chicken dish that Alex did a few nights ago. The seasonings for this honey Sriracha chicken are basic — just salt and pepper. Then, she added honey, Sriracha, rice wine and tarragon to give the flavors a tremendous lift. But more than the taste, it is the texture of the chicken that really got us.
Browned in butter, the chicken has that wonderful creamy richness that is difficult to duplicate if using some other oil or fat.
Alex seems to have a better grasp of what people like to eat than I do. Her brown sugar and garlic chicken has gotten more social media shares than any of my recent recipes. I like that. A fresh perspective on the blog is always a good thing. I especially like it that Alex is not formulaic with her cooking. She goes by taste rather than measurements, she rarely follows an existing recipe to the dot and she's very experimental — adding a little bit of this and that while the food cooks in the pan.
You will need to eyeball the amount of ingredients to cook this dish. Go with the ratio of ingredients that satisfies your taste buds.
- Wipe the chicken dry with paper towels. Sprinkle generously with salt and pepper.
- Melt enough butter to lightly coat the bottom of a frying pan.
- When the butter is foamy, arrange the chicken in the pan, skin side down, in a single layer. Cook the chicken over medium-high heat until the skins are nicely browned. Flip them over to brown the other side.
- Pour in the honey, Sriracha and rice wine. Sprinkle in the tarragon. Stir. Set the heat to low, cover the pan and braise the chicken for about 15 minutes.
- Uncover the pan and taste the sauce. Adjust the seasonings, as needed. Turn up the heat to medium and continue cooking, flipping the chicken thighs occasionally, until the liquid has been soaked up by the chicken. Keep a close eye on the chicken at this point to prevent scorching or, worse, burning.
- Transfer the chicken thighs to a plate. You may optionally drizzle the combined chicken fat and butter over them. Sprinkle the honey Sriracha chicken with toasted seeds and chopped parsley and serve.
If you cooked this dish (or made this drink) and you want to share your masterpiece, please use your own photos and write the cooking steps in your own words.


text:
Opposition parties have welcomed the Constitutional Court's decision to set aside the controversial by-elections results in Tlokwe, which it has found were not free and fair.
With few months left before the local government elections, the opposition parties have demanded that a transparent and open mechanism be put in place to safeguard the integrity of the elections.
The Constitutional Court on Monday set aside the by-elections conducted on September 12, 2013, in ward 18 and on December 10, 2013 in wards one, four, 11, 12, 13 and 20.
The case was reportedly brought by eight unsuccessful candidates, who had complained about the voter registration process, including a delay in receiving the segments of the national voter's roll which did not include residential addresses for any of the voters, rendering it difficult, if not impossible for candidates to find, visit and canvas voters. The independent candidates included former ANC councilors expelled in July 2013 for participating in removing ANC mayor Maphetle Maphetle.
Congress of the People [Cope] said the Constitutional Court judgment has put the objectivity and impartiality of the Independent Electoral Commission into serious question.
"Candidates complained validly, but the IEC chose to ignore them to its cost. How could the IEC have conducted an election without finalising the voters' roll and without issuing the respective segments of the national voters' roll, to candidates, inclusive of the residential addresses of the voters of the contested wards? This is the most basic requirement for a ward election. Why also did the IEC not act at once on the complaints of irregularity that the aggrieved candidates raised immediately after the elections? Did it willfully sacrifice its objectivity for a sordid reason," said Cope spokesperson Dennis Bloem.
United Democratic Movement [UDM] leader Bantu Holomisa said the judgment would open the floodgates for the IEC, which needed to teach itself to listen.
"The IEC must stop being arrogant," said Holomisa. He said it would be difficult to have free and fair elections unless the ANC removed all its deployees, including teachers, municipal managers and other senior officials within municipalities. "The commissioners are deployed by the ANC. You can't expect a free and fair election. All those deployed by the ANC must be removed there," said Holomisa.
Economic Freedom Fighters leader Julius Malema accused the IEC of colluding with the ANC to manipulate election results.
"The ANC does not win elections, it steals them. It stole elections in Gauteng [2014 national elections]. The elections in Gauteng were rigged," said Malema.
He said he did not raise his concerns about the 2014 election results because he did not want to come across as a sore loser.
"I realised that people would be killed if we complained. Already, the government had sent soldiers in Alexander to deal with those who complained about the rigging of elections."
He said his party was busy preparing party agents, which would be deployed in all polling stations across the country during the 2016 elections.
ANC secretary general Gwede Mantashe said the ANC respects the Constitutional Court judgment.
"One of the things that we are known for except in the (Sudanese President Omar) al-Bashir matter, which was putting us between a rock and hard place, is to comply with court orders.
"Once the court makes a decision, we will comply. Our job is to campaign [and win elections] said Mantashe. The IEC said it was committed to implement the court orders, as soon as possible. The IEC said in a statement on Monday that it had already taken and implemented several policy initiatives including:
- To address political parties and candidates in respect of their responsibility to ensure that they adhere to the code of conduct and thus refrain from practices that violate provisions of the Electoral Act and the Municipal Electoral Act;
- To develop and disseminate materials to educate the public about the serious consequences of committing electoral fraud such as in providing false information in order to register in a voting district where you are not ordinarily resident and;
- To capture address details in advance of the proclamation date of an election to enable the candidates and political parties to object to persons that may not qualify to register in the voting district where they intend to register and vote. "The Commission recently met and determined that all certified voters' rolls for elections provided to contestants must in future contain address details where available as per the requirements of the legislation."
The Commission is also considering further measures governing elections to further reduce opportunities for irregular and fraudulent voting. These include possibly closing the voters' roll for a ward immediately when a vacancy arises," the IEC said.


text:
Configurable auxiliary relay.
Application: Industrial and commercial cold, cold room stores, etc.
Defrost by electric heat, air or hot gas bypass, programmable by regulating the compressor, resistances (or hot gas bypass) and fans. With a 2nd optional probe, it enables defrost by temperature. Auxiliary relay configurable for indicating alarms, defrost 2nd evaporator or solenoid control. Possible stop for pump down. Input for independent temperature probe or defrost control in 2nd evaporator. Digital input for door contact.


text:
Industry News
Dillard Powerhouse names new superintendent
Monday, May 6, 2013
A note from Energy Manager Lance Elam
Please join me in welcoming Mark Schuler, the new superintendent at the Dillard Powerhouse. Mark will report directly to me.
Mark brings years of experience in many different industries including the power generation field from maintenance, instrumentation/controls, operations, and leadership. Mark also spent over six years in the Navy Nuclear Power Program as an electronics technician. Mark has a bachelor of science degree in manufacturing management from the University of Minnesota.
Mark and his wife Mary are relocating from the Austin, Texas, area. They look forward to exploring the forests, mountains and rivers of the Pacific Northwest. They are also anxious to spend time at the Oregon Coast.


text:
Mate or Die
If the light brown apple moth (LBAM) were on Homeland Security alert, its flashing colors would be green/blue for low, though guarded for Sonoma and Napa counties; and yellow, or elevated, for southern Marin. While Marin County faces the threat of aerial spraying aimed at eradicating the pest later this summer, such is not the case with the neighboring North Bay counties.
Stephan Parnay is a division manager for the Sonoma County Agricultural Commission. Parnay says there hasn't been an LBAM find in Sonoma County since April 21, and that this find was just the second of the entire year. Only a few LBAMs have been discovered in Napa County over the same time frame.
But this doesn't mean the LBAM isn't affecting wine country. "The light brown apple moth has a huge host-list. It can affect over 2,000 plants, as well as about 250 agricultural crops," Parnay says. "One of our main concerns is that it's having an economic impact on our growers here. So we are having to help growers meet specific requirements so that they can continue to move their products outside the quarantine area and also out of the state."
Absolutely no spraying is presently anticipated for Sonoma or Napa counties. "That's not even being considered," Parnay says. In lieu of spraying, the Ag Commission has distributed little twisties impregnated with a pheromone, which is then tied to metal hangers in trees and shrubs surrounding those areas where the most recent finds have occurred. The pheromones act to disrupt the moth's mating habits. Since it can't mate, it dies. The twisty ties are approved for organic use, so they pose no threat to organic or biodynamic farmers.
Parnay's advice in keeping the LBAM away is to ask locals, particularly gardeners, to keep a vigilant eye out for the varmints. "When they're out in their yards and they see something they don't remember ever seeing, they can give our office a call," he says. "They can also call the University of California Extension Master Gardener Program, and either our office or theirs can look at those insects and can determine if it is something that is nonnative, an exotic that we need to do something about."
To keep abreast of the latest developments regarding the LBAM, go to www.cdfa.ca.gov/phpps or [ http://www.stopthespraymarin.org/ ]www.stopthespraymarin.org.


text:
Good news ✨ We have more Unite Now videos available for you to watch on-demand! Come check them out and ask our experts any questions!Dismiss Notice
Enter the 2020.2 Beta Sweepstakes for a chance to win an Oculus Quest 2.Dismiss Notice
Bug Uncool things in 2020.1 you might have missed
Discussion in '2020.1 Beta' started by laurentlavigne, May 13, 2020.
- Thread Status:
- Not open for further replies.
- Thread Status:
- Not open for further replies.


text:
Whipped Body Butter
Moisturizing, luxurious and yummy!! A heavenly combination of butters, oils and fragrance. It's lightweight, whipped texture melts into the skin without being greasy as well as hydrates and nourishes. The whipped body butter soothes irritated and dry skin leaving it feeling soft and silky as well as lightly fragranced. Whipped body butter is lightweight enough for the summer yet protects skin from the harsh winter elements. It's also great to use on the hair and beard. Combine with a complenting sugar scrub for an exhilarating and moisturizing spa experience.
*****Can also come with no fragrance and no color*****
*****Made to order*****
*****contains nut products*****
*****contact us directly for customized orders*****
*****certain oils can be eliminated if necessary*****


text:
Day 1
Check in at the Outdoor Adventures office at 9:00am and meet your small group of adventurers. Get to know your group on campus. We will review clothing and equipment and make final preparations for an afternoon departure. Our first night we will camp near Ventura and prepare for our ferry tomorrow morning.
Day 2
Today we will drive to Ventura Harbor. We will travel by boat to Santa Cruz Island and set up base camp. Learn about the island during a stop at the visitor's center. Look out for some furry local residents: the endemic island fox.
Day 3
Day hike to some of the island's top destinations, including Potato Harbor.
Day 4
Meet up with our kayaking guides from Channel Islands Adventure Company and get ready for a kayak tour of the sea caves. After paddling we will move underwater for a snorkel tour of a kelp forest.
Day 5
Day hike to a remote beach or take in the panoramic view from atop Montanon Ridge. This spectacular view is one of the best in California.
Day 6
Today we depart our island home and return to the mainland. We will travel back to San Diego and return to USD around 5pm.


text:
Having been in a managerial capacity as a functional manager and having led several complex programs and projects as a project manager in many industries, I have seen challenges from people on work life imbalance and from organizations for maintaining business productivity by doing more with less. However, in my experience, the percentage of the population that seek continuous growth pursuing the professional certifications or attending the networking events or conferences is slim.
Having taught more than 150 classes through various academic institutions for adult learners, I observe learners missing classes because the academic institutional policy allows missing 20% of classes or accepting a "C" in their courses as that guarantees employer compensation. So, why should organizations invest in people that won't invest in themselves by integrating their professional and personal life by managing time to acquire knowledge? By the same token, how could organizations allow mediocrity with a "C" and expect stellar performance? Aren't the organizations then enabling a behavior that allows individuals to be satisfied with the knowledge in their chosen fields that doesn't scale with the growth?
Remember that the growing organizations in the future will no longer be characterized by 8 to 5 jobs but will require one to be digitally connected. So, waking up to the reality to know the demands of your profession is critical for career success. In this blog, I present three simple and powerful principles that I have found useful. I would like to call them "Extreme Productivity" unleashing people's energy towards what the organizations are going to be looking for in the future in the midst of growing business challenges so that the value the individuals add become indispensable.
Principle #1: Look for a role and not for a job
You interview for a job and so getting a job offer is just the beginning. But, if you continuously do what you in your job, you continuously get what you get. Will the same compensation and career challenge keep you satisfied? Even if you say, "yes," because of personal challenges, comfort zone, or unwillingness to change, will that be good for the organizational growth that provides for you? The organization is constantly changing to meet the market conditions and so the conditions under which one got a job can no longer be the same. When the economy shifts and the organization sees the need for sustaining growth with competitive high performers, they look for those that have already proven their multifaceted skills in the organization. It is not time for them to skim the individuals resume for past experiences because current performance paints an accurate picture. They look for those that exceeded their job responsibility and went the extra mile. These members succeed because they look around, prepare themselves early, and take on a role to make themselves useful. This is not a role given by the organization but assumed by the individuals,
Principle #2: Business Impact is measured by results and not the efforts
Sometimes, the business may demand someone to put more hours. But, from a business perspective, long hours doesn't always mean more productivity. It may also mean that you are not doing your job efficiently or expanding the work to fill the time. If ambiguities in task, missing analysis in backlog grooming, lack of adherence to process control, or deficiency in the required knowledge domains surface to the organization, then, one is not only wasting their own productivity but also that of others. Depending on your role, the earlier principle will be extended so that you are becoming efficient by analyzing the market for latest trends and being ready, investing in a tool that the businesses use, learning about the trends being used in your practice to make you more success-friendly, or setting effective time management practices for yourself to manage personal and professional balance.
Principle #3: Pack value in your day for the team
Everyone must have heard the saying about seeing things from others point of view. Those that really look at productivity will focus first to ensure that other's time is not wasted. For instance, should the people copied on the email be copied, are those meetings necessary, will that person receiving the task know what to do? When the other person is actually more productive and you are not, you have just created a producer-consumer imbalance. One can avoid this imbalance and other's dependency on them by first planning the day on those deliverables others will need. This will add time to our schedule. By putting timebox around activities on what takes less than 10 min, 15 to 30 min, more than 60 min, etc., one can start addressing these tasks efficiently. Readers are advised to an earlier post on Scrumban approach (http://agilesriram.blogspot.com/2014/10/adapting-scrumban-to-personal.html) on personal productivity.
In the end, any professional has to be productive to some extent. Everyone believes that they are definitely worth more in money and career status. If this is true, then everyone should understand that their value to the business should always exceed the economic value the business can derive. When that happens, the business will always find new ways to benefit from your talent. The only way to satisfy this equation is when one can be "extremely productive." In today's digitally expanding, virtually global, and multicultural distributed workforce, one's value is constantly challenged every day that can only be addressed by a continuous improvement mentality. Are we ready to take on this challenge?


text:
On behalf of your hosts Peter and Anthony Zipf (pictured with Romeo Bordignon centre) IGA, their suppliers and The Invincibles Tour, we would like to take this opportunity to thank everyone for joining us for what was another fantastic IGA Golf Day. Where; you guessed it, it was another brilliant day weatherwise to host...............
The Invincibles fifteenth Annual IGA Golf Day, where our guests were joined by a great team of volunteers and some 132 guests who took to the fairways to test their skills "if not their luck", but most importantly, to enjoy a great day out at the magnificently presented Noosa Springs Golf & Spa Resort.
Where the sole aim, was to have fun whilst raising funds for the Invincibles Sunshine Coast Junior Golfing Tour, and they certainly did that, as the photos below and in the gallery would indicate.
It really doesn't get any better, than witnessing a great group of like-minded people getting together to enjoy each-others company and have fun in the process, and thanks to everyone involved, that's exactly what we achieved!
Congratulations to the Mad Havoc Team in "Craig Jansz, Joel Stahlhut, Michael Craig and Matt Blundell" for setting a new IGA Corporate Golf Day record of 17 under par, that surpassed the old mark of 16 under that was set at the Hyatt Regency Coolum, Friday the 14th of August 2009, by the Drummond Golf Maroochydore Team!
To find out more please click on the following link:


text:
Name of the Tour: Acclimatization in Saffron Valley.
Duration: 3 Nights 4 Days.
This magical trip gives you a fascinating insight into three of India's important religions, Hinduism, Islam and Buddhism. The drive from Srinagar to Leh offers exquisite adventure and culture safari tour with pristine natural beauty.
Tour Itinerary:
Afternoon Shikara ride on Lake Dal, A two hours boat ride takes you on a relaxing sightseeing tour of interior parts of the calm and placid waters of Dal-Lake.Nice vignettes of life on the lake.
Day 2: - After bed tea at 6 Am, Start with refreshments a nature walk up to Shankarcharya temple (1500 fts from Dal-Lake) approximately 12 km to and fro for acclimuzation. Return houseboat few hrs free for personal activities.
Shankarcharya Temple: - The 18th Century Shankarcharya Temple atop on a thousand feet hillock on the bank of Dal Lake offers panoramic views of Srinagar township with its Lake, Hari Parbat Fort and the Jhelum River. Afternoon Visit Mughal gardens.
Mughal Gardens: - Meticulary laid out by the great Mughals a visit Pari Mahal, Chasma Shahi (Royal spring), Nishat Bagh (pleasure Garden) and Shalimar Bagh (The Adobe of love) is must. Over night in houseboat.
Day 3: - Leave in the morning after Breakfast for Kargil by surface 225 km by Jeeps. Drive via Sonmarg and Drass at the alt 2700m.Sonmarg popularly know as the Golden Meadow.Tribls known as Gujras, bakarwals having futures purely Afghans in every respect. Arrive Kargil Alt 3100mts) Kargil .Ethnically part of Balistan people look more like central Asian. Check in hotel for over night.
Day 4: - Mulbek, like Bamyan (Afghan) stle Maitreya Morning drive for Leh 210 Km enroute visit Mulbekh famous for Maitreya Statue an image of future Buddha. Craved from the face of rock, after crossing Fotula (4147m) and Namikala (3760m)
Visit Lamayuru Monastery the location of this monastery is a 1550Mt's from Indus river in a spectacularly sited. Two hrs drives along rivers Indus will bring us to Alchi Monastery located
Majestically on the bank of river Indus (Name India derivers from this sacred river INDUS).it is superb example of rare Kashmiri and Tibetan style wood Carving after visit drive Leh 3500mts),Check in hotel and meet rest of Group members inn the afternoon.


text:
Washington, D.C., September 4, 2019 - Legal E Employment Partners, an award-winning legal staffing provider in the Washington Metropolitan Area, is excited to announce that Machelle Proctor will be returning to Legal E as the organization's Executive Director.
"We are thrilled to have Machelle rejoin and lead the Legal E team as the Executive Director. Machelle is a former Legal E team member and as such, we have first-hand knowledge of her exceptional dedication and enthusiasm for business development and innovative talent solutions," says Jeanette Derby, CEO/Founder of Legal E. Machelle brings to Legal E over 16 years of law firm management expertise as well as her prior experience with us as Legal E's Client Development Manager.
Most recently, Machelle was the Administrative Support Manager at an AmLaw200, global law firm where she directly managed over 100 administrative staff members satisfying the support needs of over 300 attorneys and legal professionals. She was also instrumental in developing and executing professional development plans to advance the legal skills and professional acumen of the administrative team. Machelle's law firm experience also includes her tenure as a Secretarial Services Manager and a Senior Manager of Practice Support at an AmLaw100 and an AmLaw200 law firm. "Machelle's notable law firm management experience and incredible ability to develop enduring partnerships makes her a valuable addition to Legal E. We look forward to offering our clients her inventive approach and know that she will always strive to enhance the experience of our loyal business partners and deserving candidates," says Derby.
By spearheading the Legal E team, Machelle will energize efforts to expand our DC and Northern VA market share in the areas of direct-hire placement and contract services of support staff, paralegals, attorneys and executive-level professionals. "As Executive Director, I am eager to apply my passion for legal staffing and professional development with my unique understanding of the law firm environment from the inside-the pressures, priorities, and requirements. My plan is to partner with clients to design the most premium staffing and recruiting solutions available," says Proctor. "Creating long-standing professional relationships with both clients and candidates is a top priority for me and Legal E's outstanding reputation and award-winning stature in the DC metro area's legal community provides me the perfect opportunity for success!"
Legal E Welcomes Legal Industry Veteran Back to the Team
Washington, D.C., September 4, 2019 - Legal E Employment Partners, an award-winning legal staffing provider in the Washington Metropolitan Area, is excited to announce that Machelle Proctor will be returning to Legal E as the organization's Executive Director.


text:
Tuesday, April 19, 2005
Death Lock
Phoo Pyei Mone
she is quiet young
but most of her poems are brillinat enough!
Death Lock is Her Pen Name.
see her poems at:
Posted by NLS at 4/19/2005 11:05:00 PM
3 Responses to "Death Lock"
Eccentric Ghost said...
Yeah...asmuchas i can read, her poems are awesome. But most of the image size there are so small. impossible to read. do something Lynnseck!!!!!!!!!!
Eccentric Ghost said...
i think yahoo resized the images. if so we should use "file" section instead.
NLS said...
thanks a ko
I will tell her
I think she used 72 dpi.


text:
|P is for Practical
Re^2: substr oddityby Anonymous Monk
|on Mar 04, 2005 at 18:14 UTC ( #436691=note: print w/replies, xml )
|Need Help??
This doesn't seem to happen on Win32 5.8.4 (AS 810). Which version are you using?
Well, I'm running version "5.8.6 built for PA-RISC2.0-thread-multi-LP64", running on HP/UX. I also get the same behaviour for 5.6.1.
But your snippet doesn't actually demonstrate the problem: you get the warning message, but can't actually detect whether the code crashed. Here's what I get when I add a trace statement after the call to substr().
Note that "not reached" is never reached, and is not printed, because the code crashes on the substr() call.
In Section Meditations


text:
Recent research indicated that noise from traffic, airplanes, and trains could be responsible for expanding waistlines.
According to the research result, there was an association between road traffic noise and waist size, with a 0.21 cm increase for every additional 5 dB increase in exposure, although this was only significant among women.
At the same point, there was a link to waist:hip ratio, with a change of 0.16 for every 5 dB increase in noise exposure to road, this is specifically for men.
In addition, when people were exposed to more noise pollution at the same time, they had higher possibility to get central obesity.
However, socioeconomic factors, and lifestyle do not affect the findings, age is a critical factor. Those who are below the age of 60 are found the connection between central obesity and road traffic noise.
TIPS for preventing from traffic noise:
Barrier Wall: Construct a barrier wall between your home and the source of the traffic noise.
Buildings: consider putting up buildings to block the traffic noise place a garage, a storage shed.
Water feature: water features do not reduce traffic noise, but they provide a more pleasant background sound, helping to mask it.
Hedges: hedges are not dense enough to combat loud road noise on their own.
SOURCE for help:
Trafficnoise.org: Road Noise Impact Control


text:
Building Bridges, Creating Peace
Conflicts between groups, especially in a sociopolitical context, can be quite complex. In modern industrial societies, conflicts often move beyond disputes over resources and into long-standing, deep-rooted, socio-psychological conflicts between the interests and needs of various collectives. When it comes to analyzing community based conflicts and implementing community conflict resolution methods, several factors must be comprehensively assessed. Whether the conflict lies among activist groups, governmental agencies, political bodies, and/or religious communities, expertise in both conflict resolution and social psychology will be necessary to adequately comprehend the dynamics of the conflict, and thus its potential routes toward resolution or management.
Basic Human Needs & Community Conflict Analysis
PPS utilizes a number of methods, framed through the perspective of basic human needs (BHN) theory, to meticulously analyze community based conflicts. Via a BHN paradigm, we take a multi-tier, interest-based approach to understanding, managing, and resolving conflicts between groups. This approach includes individual and group interviews, surveys, and/or other data collection methods deemed contextually appropriate. Our aim is to understand:
- which needs of each party are actually or perceived to be threatened or depleted by the other
- where each party's interests and values lie and how they are utilized to satisfy the party's core needs
- how to untangle perceptions of threat by the other party
- how to satisfy the needs of each party, as best as possible, for mutually satisfying solutions
- the conflict identity of parties involved, in order to deconstruct and replace with new, more constructive narratives of cultural identity
Community Conflict Resolution Methods
After PPS is brought into analyze community based conflicts, we produce a comprehensive report and a proposed plan of action toward conflict resolution. We often attempt to get both parties to engage in one or more of the following methods:
- Group or community mediation
- Facilitated negotiation
- Problem-solving workshop
- Collective creative brainstorming
- Or any variety of resolution methods appropriate for the particular conflict
At PPS, our mission and purpose in the world is to create more peace, within and between individuals and groups. All of our endeavors are focused toward this aim. Therefore, we do not see conflict as a problem but rather an opportunity for transformation, growth, and greater harmony. We would love to help your community or group satisfy your members' core needs, achieve valued interests, and develop more effective and productive interactions with all other parties.
Contact PPS today for help with your community conflict resolution needs.


text:
Haviva Ner-David
Haviva Ner-David (formerly Haviva Krasner-Davidson) is an Israeli feminist activist and rabbi.
She received her PhD from Bar Ilan University and wrote her thesis concerning the nature of the relationship between Tumah (ritual impurity) and Niddah (a menstruant woman).[1] In 1993 she applied to Yeshiva University's rabbinical program, RIETS[2] and never received an official response.[3] Despite this early rejection, she went on to become one of the first women known to have controversially been granted the equivalent[4] of Orthodox Semicha (rabbinic ordination), which she received from Rabbi Dr. Aryeh Strikovsky of Tel-Aviv in 2006.[5] In 2000 she wrote a book documenting her journey and aspirations as a female rabbi entitled, Life on the Fringes: A Feminist Journey Toward Traditional Rabbinic Ordination. She is the founding director of Reut: The Center for Modern Jewish Marriage [6] and self identifies as a "post-denominational rabbi."[7] She advocates arguably non-Orthodox practices such as egalitarian Tefilah and unmarried women practicing mikveh before engaging in pre-marital sex.[8]
Ner-David is the Director of "Shmaya": A Ritual and Educational Mikveh, and the founding director of Reut: The Center for Modern Jewish Marriage. She has also written Chanah's Voice: A Rabbi Wrestles with Gender, Commandment, and the Women's Rituals of Baking, Bathing, and Brightening (2013, Ben Yehudah Press). She lives on Kibbutz Hannaton in northern Israel with her husband and seven children.[9][10]
Notes and references[edit]
- ^ Jewish Orthodox Feminist Alliance, Speakers Bureau: Rabbi Dr. Haviva Ner-David
- ^ The Rosh Yeshiva, Rabbi Norman Lamm is quoted as having said in reference to women's ordination "It shakes the boundaries of tradition, and I would never allow it." Helmreich, 1997.
- ^ A History of Women's Ordination as Rabbis by Avi Hein
- ^ Technically her ordination does not refer to her in the official capacity of "rabbi", however Rabbi Strikovsky is on record as having said "People who don't know more than Haviva call themselves rabbis, but instead of making another third-grade rabbi, I made a high-class instructor, who can be an instructor to other instructors." R' Aryeh Strikovsky Explains Haviva Ner-David's Certifications. He also has instructed her not to use the title of "rabbi" in places where it might arouse controversy because "the Orthodox community is not ready for it, and they'll just laugh at you." Jewish Women International: Bringing a Woman's Perspective to the Orthodox Rabbinate By Ruth Mason
- ^ Copy of Original Certificate MS Word Document
- ^ A marriage center in Jerusalem that helps couples plan a more woman-friendly ceremony and ketubah and provide legal and financial advice, couples counseling and a mikveh open to couples.
- ^ Biographies: Director Haviva Ner-David
- ^ Life on the Fringes: A Feminist Journey Toward Traditional Rabbinic Ordination, Haviva Ner-David
- ^ Ner David Bio at Times of Israel
- ^ Ner David Bio at Reut
See also[edit]
- Gender and Judaism
- Jewish feminism
- Jewish view of marriage
- Niddah
- Soferet
- List of Jewish feminists
- Women as theological figures
- Women as rabbis


text:
The sign of Aquarius (January 21- February 19) is ruled by the planets Uranus and Saturn and belongs to the Air signs along with Libra and Gemini. Those born under this sign are often mavericks, visionaries, rebels and selfless.For these intellectual and refined people, not likely to accept conventional solutions, a fragrant blend made up of green teas, papaya, cornflower and rosa moschata, with the light and intriguing fragrance of citrus and vanilla.
|Delicate of citrus and vanilla
|Yellow, green shades.
|Refined, slightly vegetal, with a long finish of citrus and vanilla.
2,5 gr. to 200 cc. of water at a temperature of 80°C Infusion time 2/3 minutes.
Chinese green teas, Japanese green teas, papaya, flavours, rosa moschata petals, cornflower petals.
Milk chocolate, Cheesecake.


text:
Docket Number
Document Type
Brief of Respondent
Publication Date
Appeal from an order of the Second District Juvenile Court for Salt Lake County, State of Utah, the Honorable Regnal Garff, Jr., presiding.
Original Brief submitted to the Utah Supreme Court; funding for digitization provided by the Institute of Museum and Library Services through the Library Services and Technology Act, administered by the Utah State Library, and sponsored by the S.J. Quinney Law Library; machine-generated OCR, may contain errors.
David A. Goodwill; Attorney for Appellants;
David E. Littlefield; Franklyn B. Matheson; Attorney for the State of Utah;
Public record document (some rights may be reserved).
Recommended Citation
Brief of Respondent, State v. Jackson, No. 15386 (Utah Supreme Court, 1978).


text:
Government of Montenegro project implemented by the Ministry of Science and Ministry of Education
- Home
- About the project
- General information
- Reform of higher education funding and implementation of standards for quality assurance
- Human resource development through initiatives internationalization
- Establishment of a competitive environment for research
- Project management
- Environmental assessment
- Organisation
- Advertisements
- Grants
- Projects
- Gallery
- Contacts
Questions and answersAsk a question
Must applicants and / or their partners have their own financial contribution in the project and in which amount?
Applicants, as well as all the partners involved in the project must provide their own contribution. It does not have to be necessarily financial, but can be in-kind contribution, expressed through: the time invested and work done by the researchers and other staff engaged in the project, the contribution in the equipment that will be used for the project purpose without compensation, provision of the adequate space, etc. Each contribution that is not financial needs to be presented in monetary terms and shown in the budget.
When making the decision on grant awarding, the quality of applicants' / partners' contribution allocated for the successful realization of the project will be evaluated.
Can the submitted project belong to only one of the five areas of research that are defined as priority ones in the Call for proposal?
In order to consider the project for funding it has to belong to one of the five priority areas defined in the Call for proposal. One of the basic conditions of the Call for proposal is the project interdisciplinarity, which will be assured thorough cooperation of at least two different areas of research. In particular, it is necessary that the Scientific Research Institution proposes a project where the leading research area is one of the priority areas of the Call for Proposal, while the other(s) (accompanying) can belong to the remaining five priority areas of research that are defined in the Amendments to the Strategy for Scientific and Research Activities (2012 -2016), which are not defined as priority in the Call for Proposal.
May the institution applying for a grant to establish a Center of Excellence also apply as a partner at another project for Centers of Excellence? Can the institution apply as a partner in several projects proposals for the Center of Excellence?
The institution, as a leading applicant, can apply only with one project proposal, while it can apply as a partner in multiple projects. Inclusion of each partner in the project should be designed so as to contribute to the quality of partners' cooperation, the successful implementation of the project activities under its own responsibilities, and to achieving scientific results for which the project was designed.
Do the international partners have to be exclusively from the EU? Is there a geographic entry for the international partners?
The Call for proposal does not envision any restriction in terms of the geographical affiliation of international partners. It is necessary that the international partner institution is registered as a scientific research institution in its country, in accordance with its national legislation (it is evidenced by appropriate documentation).
Does the limited space given for narrative in the application material may be exceeded?
It is recommended that the application is prepared within the mentioned limits
What can be considered an evidence of the partners' engagement in the application process?
The partner engagement in the project is proved by the Confirmation Letter that must be attached for each partner who will participate in the project implementation, and that needs to feature the contribution (financial or in-kind presented in financial terms). Form of the Confirmation Letter is provided in Annexes of the Guidelines for Applicants.
Whether and which documents that is attached to the application, i.e. the Annex 3, have to be translated into English, and whether the translation has to be certified?
All official documents (licenses, verifications, certificates, precis from registers, etc.) must be verified and translated, excepting the documents in the language of the former Serbo-Croatian speaking countries.
Is the application going to be automatically rejected if it has some administrative and technical imperfections?
Upon receipt of the application materials, the administrative and technical check will be done in order to determine whether the material is complete and submitted in the required format, and in the manner provided in the Call for Proposal. At that stage, further clarifications or amendments to the documents may be requested from the applicants, in order not to reject the applications because of the small administrative imperfections. However, the additions are only possible due to minor technical imperfections. Applications that are complete and correct will be forwarded to the international evaluators for reviewing.
When the participants will be informed on the results of the Call for Proposal?
Given that the process of project evaluation is twofold process, and that in the second phase of the evaluation only projects that get 70 or more points in the first phase will be considered, applicants whose projects get less than 70 points in the first round, will be immediately informed on the results. Other applicants will be notified after the formation of the project final ranking list.
Does the total number of partners at the project affects assessment of an application and whether priority is given to projects that involve more local partners?
Maximum number of partners who may be engaged in a project is not specified.
Applications which have a greater number of partners than the number stated in the Call for Proposal will not have priority during the evaluation. Instead, the quality of the partnership and the contribution of all partners in terms of achieving the objectives of the project will be evaluated.


text:
By Nathan Jones
Is there any science in the Bible? Or, is the Bible scientifically illiterate, misleading people into thinking the Earth is flat?
An academic who once held that the Bible was just not worth reading by any intelligent person was Dr. Jobe Martin, former dentist, professor and Evolutionist. Having clearly seen God's eternal power and divine nature from what has been made (Rom. 1:20), Dr. Martin came to faith in Jesus Christ and a trust in the biblical account of the six days of Creation. He and his wife Jenna Dee have since formed Biblical Discipleship Ministries based in Rockwall, Texas to teach on campuses, classrooms and churches that we can trust the Bible's account of the Creation and Jesus as Savior.
What would you say is the greatest argument for the Bible's account of Creation?
I think the greatest argument for Special Creation is the Bible.
What does it say? If we call ourselves a Christian, we should look at the Bible and just take it for what it teaches about the Creation. Now, praise God, there's other evidences that come in, and there are huge weaknesses with the Evolution side of thing, though we are never taught what those things are.
Some think that we can't go to the Bible to find anything that is scientific, but the Bible is in part a science book. When it deals with things that have to deal with science, it is not exhaustive in that it doesn't tell us everything, but what it does tell us is true.
For instance, the Bible tells us that God made the heavens and the Earth and He did so within a six day week. Well, that is science. What do the Evolutionist say? Their science says it was billion of years. How can they say if we talk about days that's not science, but if they talk about billions of years that then is science? There's a contradiction there.
The Bible is full of revelations that science discovered later on. For example, some people would say that anybody who believes in a Special Creation in six days probably also believes in a flat Earth. They always call us "Flat Earth People." But, the Bible teaches that the Earth is a circle in Isaiah 40:22a, "He sits enthroned above the circle of the earth."
Then there is the hydraulic system is in the Bible. I mean, there is one scientific system after another that is revealed in the Bible.
Another that comes to my mind is what Paul says over in Romans 8:21, that all of creation is in bondage to decay. He wrote that in the First Century. It wasn't until what the Nineteenth Century that science discovered the Second Law of Thermo Dynamics which says the same thing. Paul said all kinds of things that we think today he shouldn't have known.
In 1 Corinthians 15:39, Paul says there are these different kinds of flesh. "All flesh is not the same: Men have one kind of flesh, animals have another, birds another and fish another." They just discovered in my lifetime that at the cytoplasmic level of the cell there are basic different kinds of flesh. Two-thousand years ago God's apostle under the inspiration of the Holy Spirit said there are different kinds of flesh.
And so, the Bible is thousands of years ahead of modern scientific discoveries.
The Evolution of a Creationist Book by Dr. Jobe Martin:
Creation Proclaims Video by Dr. Jobe Martin:
God of Wonders Video by Eternal Productions:


text:
BACKGROUND: The incidence of pediatric hospitalizations for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) has declined after the widespread use of the heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. The national incidence of outpatient visits for CAP, however, is not well established. Although no pediatric CAP treatment guidelines are available, current data support narrow-spectrum antibiotics as the first-line treatment for most patients with CAP.
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the incidence rates of outpatient CAP, examine time trends in antibiotics prescribed for CAP, and determine factors associated with broad-spectrum antibiotic prescribing for CAP.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: The National Ambulatory and National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Surveys (1994–2007) were used to identify children aged 1 to 18 years with CAP using a validated algorithm. We determined age group–specific rates of outpatient CAP and examined trends in antibiotic prescribing for CAP. Data from 2006–2007 were used to study factors associated with broad-spectrum antibiotic prescribing.
RESULTS: Overall, annual CAP visit rates ranged from 16.9 to 22.4 per 1000 population, with the highest rates occurring in children aged 1 to 5 years (range: 32.3–49.6 per 1000). Ambulatory CAP visit rates did not change between 1994 and 2007. Antibiotics commonly prescribed for CAP included macrolides (34% of patients overall), cephalosporins (22% overall), and penicillins (14% overall). Cephalosporin use increased significantly between 2000 and 2007 (P = .002). Increasing age, a visit to a nonemergency department office, and obtaining a radiograph or complete blood count were associated with broad-spectrum antibiotic prescribing.
CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of pediatric ambulatory CAP visits has not changed significantly between 1994 and 2007, despite the introduction of heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in 2000. Broad-spectrum antibiotics, particularly macrolides, were frequently prescribed despite evidence that they provide little benefit over penicillins.
Pneumococcus is the most commonly identified bacterial cause of community-acquired pneumonia. Pediatric pneumonia hospitalizations have decreased since the introduction of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in 2000. However, few data exist on national trends in the incidence of pediatric outpatient pneumonia.
This study provides the first comprehensive national estimates of pediatric outpatient pneumonia incidence. Rates of outpatient pediatric pneumonia have not changed despite introduction of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, and broad-spectrum antibiotic prescribing for outpatient pneumonia is commonplace.
Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most commonly identified bacterial cause of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).1 In February 2000, a heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) was licensed in the United States and subsequently added to the routine childhood vaccination schedule.2 The incidence of pediatric hospitalizations for CAP has since declined.3 There is, however, a paucity of data on national trends in the incidence of CAP diagnosed in the outpatient setting. Previous studies3,–,7 of pediatric outpatient CAP have focused more broadly on all respiratory tract infections or more narrowly on specific age, geographic, racial, or ethnic groups.
Current evidence supports the use of narrow-spectrum antibiotics, such as penicillin or the aminopenicillins (amoxicillin and ampicillin), as first-line treatment for most patients with CAP for several reasons. First, invasive S pneumoniae isolates have demonstrated decreased penicillin resistance rates since the introduction of PCV7.8 Second, patients with CAP caused by penicillin-resistant pneumococci do not seem to experience treatment failures even when treated with penicillins.9,–,11 Third, pneumococcal resistance to some broad-spectrum antibiotics, such as second-generation cephalosporins and macrolides, is increasing and such resistance is associated with treatment failures and breakthrough pneumococcal infections, especially in children.12,–,14 These findings underscore the fact that broad-spectrum antibiotics seem to be unnecessary and, in some circumstances, less effective than narrow-spectrum therapy in the treatment of childhood CAP. Most children with CAP are managed as outpatients; thus, the outpatient setting provides an opportunity to facilitate the reduction in unnecessary broad-spectrum antibiotic prescribing for CAP.1
Given the current lack of pediatric CAP-management guidelines, we hypothesized that antimicrobial treatment for outpatient pediatric CAP might include frequent overuse of broad-spectrum antibiotics and that prescribing might differ between provider specialties. Therefore, our objectives were to examine time trends in visit rates and antibiotic-prescribing patterns for pediatric CAP and to identify factors associated with broad-spectrum antibiotic prescribing.
Data Sources
We used the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey and National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey. These surveys are administered by the National Center for Health Statistics and collect data on patient visits to community, non–federally funded office-based physician practices (National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey) and hospital-based emergency departments (EDs) and outpatient clinics (National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey) throughout the United States.15
The surveys employ a multistage probability design in selecting physicians and patients for participation, as described previously.16 Both surveys collect data on patient demographics, diagnoses, laboratory testing, vital signs, and prescribed medications. Patient data are weighted to create national estimates using selection probabilities, adjustment for nonresponse, ratio adjustment to fixed totals, and weight smoothing. The 2007 National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey included 32 778 patient records representing an estimated 994 million outpatient visits; the 2007 National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey included 35 490 patient record forms from EDs and 34 473 patient record forms from outpatient hospital clinics representing an estimated 117 million and 89 million visits, respectively.17
We combined data from the 1994–2007 surveys to capture the full spectrum of outpatient CAP visits and include the introduction of PCV7 in 2000.2 Between 19.4% and 21.5% of survey participants were children aged 1 to 18 years annually, ranging from 14 268 to 21 601 unweighted patient records. Both surveys record up to 3 diagnoses per patient visit using the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) codes and between 5 and 8 medications. Medications were identified using the National Drug Code directory.
Patients aged 1 to 18 years with CAP were identified using a previously validated ICD-9-CM code algorithm.18 Patients were defined as having pneumonia if they had a primary ICD-9-CM diagnosis of pneumonia (480–483 and 485–486) or a primary ICD-9-CM diagnosis of a pneumonia symptom such as fever or cough (780.6, 786.0, 786.2–786.5, 786.7) with a secondary ICD-9-CM diagnosis of pneumonia, empyema (510), or pleurisy (511.0–1 and 511.9). Children younger than 1 year were excluded because of their high incidence of viral bronchiolitis, making the CAP diagnosis in these patients less certain. Patients with chronic or immunocompromising conditions (eg, malignancies), with other concurrent serious bacterial illnesses (eg, meningitis, urinary tract infection), and patients requiring hospital admission also were excluded using previously identified ICD-9-CM codes because appropriate antibiotic selection might differ in these populations (Appendix).19 We defined patients with outpatient CAP as those with pneumonia who were not admitted; these patients were evaluated in either the ED or the office setting, defined as all ambulatory clinics.
Antibiotic exposure, defined as all antimicrobial agents prescribed during the CAP encounter, was categorized by spectrum of activity as follows: penicillins (penicillin, amoxicillin, and ampicillin), macrolides (erythromycin, clarithromycin, and azithromycin), cephalosporins (including any first-, second-, or third-generation cephalosporins), and others (including broad-spectrum penicillins such as amoxicillin-clavulanate, fluoroquinolones, sulfonamides, tetracyclines, and any other antibiotics). Children prescribed more than 1 antibiotic class contributed to determining the rates of each class. We defined broad-spectrum antibiotics as any nonpenicillins prescribed for CAP.
Statistical Analysis
The National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey and the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey data from 1994 to 2007 were combined in 2-year intervals to ensure robust estimates. Nationally representative CAP visit estimates were obtained using adjusted patient weights, and population-based estimates of CAP incidence rates were determined using age group– and year-specific census estimates. All estimates were based on more than 30 unweighted observations and a relative standard error of less than 30%, unless otherwise specified.17 Because our previous work noted a difference in pediatric CAP complications by age group, we examined the incidence of outpatient CAP in those aged 1 to 5 years, 6 to 10 years, and 11 to 18 years.20 Because of the low numbers of subjects with nonwhite race, we categorized race as white, black, or other. A linear test of trend was used to assess trends in CAP visit rates, and logistic regression was used to estimate trends in antibiotic class prescribing.21
We used multivariable logistic regression to identify factors associated with broad-spectrum antibiotic prescribing during 2004–2007. After 2004, medicines were defined as new or chronic, helping eliminate confounding caused by antibiotics prescribed for previous diagnoses. A stepwise selection approach was used to select covariates for inclusion in the final model; variables considered for inclusion were age, race, insurance status, geographic region, asthma, visit setting, visit to a pediatrician versus other specialty, presence of fever, and obtaining a radiograph or complete blood count (CBC). We conducted additional analyses using logistic regression to determine whether the observed association between broad-spectrum prescribing and visit setting was attributable to residual confounding or to specific antibiotic classes.
Stata version 11.0 (Stata Corp, College Station, TX) was used for all analyses. All reported P values are 2 tailed and account for the complex survey design. We considered a P value less than .05 to be statistically significant. This study was considered exempt from review by the institutional review board of the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia.
Visit Rates for Outpatient Pneumonia Overall
Over the study period, an estimated 1.3 to 1.8 million CAP visits occurred annually, and an estimated 7.9% of patients were admitted overall. The proportion of CAP patients admitted decreased from 10.4% to 7.7% over the study, although this change was not significant (P = .7). Of the remaining outpatient visits, an estimated 1.0 to 1.4 million occurred in the office setting, and 203 000 to 295 000 occurred in the ED setting. Overall numbers of CAP visits and population-based CAP incidence rate data by age group, gender, race, and visit setting are presented in Table 1 and Table 2.
The overall annual outpatient CAP rates ranged from 16.9 to 22.4 per 1000 population. CAP rates differed by age group over the study period (Fig 1). In children aged 1 to 5 years, annual visit rates ranged from 32.3 to 49.6 per 1000 population, but no temporal trend was evident for the study period overall (P = .29) or after the introduction of PCV7 in 2000 (P = .96). Annual visit rates were lower for children aged 6 to 10 years, ranging from 12.0 to 24.4 per 1000 population, and children aged 11 to 18 years, ranging from 2.4 to 8.7 per 1000 population. For the children aged 6 to 10 years, there was no temporal trend in visit rate overall (P = .73) or after 2000 (P = .48); however, there was a trend toward an increase among those aged 11 to 18 years during the study period overall (P = .18) and after 2000 (P = .09).
The annual outpatient CAP rate did not differ significantly by race, ranging between 17.2 and 24.5 per 1000 population among white children and between 8.3 and 22.9 per 1000 population among black children (P = .72). Neither group had a significant change in CAP visits over the study period.
Visit Rates for CAP in ED and Office Settings
Most CAP visits occurred in office settings (82.1% in offices, 17.9% in EDs). There was a nonsignificant increase in visit rates to offices and EDs over the entire study period (P = .53 and P = .12, respectively). The annual rate of CAP visits to the ED ranged between 3.0 and 4.0 per 1000 population over the study period, whereas the rate of CAP office visits ranged between 13.7 and 18.8 per 1000 population. However, between 2000 and 2007 there was a 7.8% increase in office visits (P = .03) and an 8.5% decrease in ED visits (P = .003).
Antibiotics Prescribed for Outpatient Pneumonia
The 3 most commonly prescribed antibiotic classes for CAP were macrolides, cephalosporins, and penicillins (Fig 2). Macrolides were most commonly prescribed, ranging from 27.8% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 17.8–37.7%) to 41.7% (95% CI: 29.4–53.9%) of all antibiotics prescribed for CAP. Use of macrolides increased ∼10.0% every 2 years over the entire study, although this increase was not statistically significant (P = .075); that increase was also present from 2000 to 2007 but was not significant (P = .57). Cephalosporins were the second most commonly prescribed antibiotic, ranging from 10.5% (95% CI: 4.4–16.7%) to 33.5% (95% CI: 19.8–47.4%) of all antibiotics prescribed for CAP. The increase in prescriptions for cephalosporins over the entire study period was not significant (P = .48); however, cephalosporin prescribing increased significantly from 2000 to 2007 (P = .002). Penicillin prescriptions were less common, ranging from 4.7% (95% CI: 0.7–8.7%) to 24.9% (95% CI: 13.4–36.4%) of all cases of CAP and had a nonsignificant decrease over the entire study period (P = .42) and from 2000 to 2007 (P = .32). Combination antibiotic therapy for CAP occurred in 11.5% (95% CI: 8.4–14.6%) of patients.
Factors Associated With Broad-Spectrum Prescribing for Pneumonia
In 2004–2007, an estimated 1.2 million children were seen in the office annually for CAP; 68.2% (95% CI: 58.9–77.5%) received antibiotics, 84.4% (95% CI: 73.7–95.0%) of which were broad spectrum. An estimated 266 000 children were seen in the ED annually for CAP, of whom 86.1% (95% CI: 81.4–90.8%) received antibiotics, 76.3% (95% CI: 70.7–81.9%) of which were broad spectrum.
Factors associated with broad-spectrum prescribing that remained significant in the final multivariable model are presented in Table 3. Covariates examined for their association with broad-spectrum antibiotic prescribing but not included in the final model included presence of fever (odds ratio [OR]: 0.3 [95% CI: 0.06–1.7]; P = .19), geographic region (P = .22 by F test), black race (OR: 1.5 [95% CI: 0.6–3.7]; P = .42), government insurance (OR: 1.4 [95% CI: 0.4–4.5]; P = .57), asthma (OR: 0.7 [95% CI: 0.1–4.6]; P = .71), or evaluation by a pediatrician versus any other specialty (OR: 0.8 [95% CI: 0.3–2.4]; P = .73). In the final model, increasing age, evaluation in the office setting, obtaining a radiograph, and obtaining a CBC were significantly associated with broad-spectrum antibiotic receipt.
We performed additional analyses to examine whether residual confounding explained the observed association between broad-spectrum prescribing and visit setting. There was no evidence of effect modification of imaging receipt on the association between visit setting and prescription for broad-spectrum antibiotics (P = .08). None of the antibiotic classes was individually associated with office setting (P = .23, 0.91, and 0.76 for penicillins, cephalosporins, and macrolides, respectively). Because providers with access to imaging might have been more able to diagnose atypical pneumonias and therefore prescribe macrolides, we also examined whether prescribing of each antibiotic class was associated with visit setting, while adjusting for imaging use. Penicillin prescribing was significantly less likely in the office setting compared with the ED (adjusted OR: 0.2 [95% CI: 0.1–0.5]; P < .001), but neither cephalosporin (adjusted OR: 1.7 [95% CI: 0.7–4.1]; P = .21) nor macrolide (adjusted OR: 1.4 [95% CI: 0.5–3.7]; P = .53) prescribing individually was more likely in the office setting compared with the ED setting. In addition, examining each antibiotic class as the outcome of our final multivariable model (adjusting for age, visit setting, obtaining a radiograph. or CBC), the association with decreased penicillin prescribing in the office setting remained significant (adjusted OR: 0.2 [95% CI: 0.1–0.4]; P < .001), whereas the associations with increased macrolides (adjusted OR: 1.1 [95% CI: 0.4–3.1]; P = .89) and cephalosporins (adjusted OR: 2.4 [95% CI: 0.9–6.7]; P = .09) were not significant.
Our study provides 4 main findings. We provide the first comprehensive national estimates of outpatient pediatric pneumonia. Second, the rate of outpatient pediatric CAP visits did not change significantly over a 14-year period, spanning the introduction of PCV7. Third, nonpenicillins were frequently prescribed for CAP, and macrolides remained the most commonly prescribed class of antibiotics for CAP over the 14-year study period. Fourth, increasing age, evaluation in the office setting when compared with the ED, and obtaining a radiograph or a CBC during the visit were associated with broad-spectrum antibiotic prescribing.
Outpatient CAP visit rates did not appreciably change over time despite licensure of PCV7 in 2000; Grijalva et al6 reported similar results in children under 6 years of age using data through 2003. There are several possible explanations. Radiographs confirming the CAP diagnosis were not routinely performed in the outpatient setting, which could lead to an overestimation of pneumonia rates. Clinical examination findings may have poor specificity for pneumonia diagnosis. In a randomized, double-blind study of PCV7 effectiveness, there was no difference in clinically diagnosed pneumonia incidence, but there was a 20% reduction in radiograph-confirmed pneumonia in PCV7 recipients compared with placebo recipients.22 Moreover, pneumococcal vaccination in adults is associated with reduced hospital mortality and length of stay for pneumonia.23 PCV7, therefore, may prevent severe pneumococcal CAP cases requiring hospitalization but may have minimal impact on the less severe CAP cases, which may or may not be caused by pneumococcus, diagnosed and managed in the outpatient setting. Our data did not demonstrate a decreasing proportion of CAP outpatients admitted; however, the surveys' intent is to capture a nationally representative sample of outpatient visits rather than inpatient admissions.
Nonpenicillins were frequently used for outpatient pediatric CAP, with macrolides being the most commonly prescribed class of antibiotics; additionally, cephalosporin use has increased since 2000. Dosing convenience and effective marketing of newer antibiotics may have made their use for outpatient infections increasingly appealing, yet current data suggest that penicillins remain appropriate first-line agents for pediatric CAP on the basis of their narrow spectrum of activity and known efficacy against the common bacterial causes of pneumonia.
We identified 4 factors strongly associated with the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics in the outpatient setting. Increasing age may be associated with increased broad-spectrum antibiotic use if providers are concerned about the higher prevalence of atypical pathogens such as Mycoplasma pneumoniae among older children, although the efficacy of antibiotic therapy for pediatric Mycoplasma pneumonia has not been conclusively shown.24,–,26 A preference for dosing convenience in older patients expected to manage their own medicines also may contribute to this finding.
Broad-spectrum antibiotic prescribing for CAP was more common in office settings than in the ED setting. This finding merits future study but is consistent with previous studies27,28 demonstrating decreased broad-spectrum antibiotic prescribing in the ED for acute otitis media and sore throat. Our data suggest that the increased use of broad-spectrum antibiotics in the office setting is not attributable to any individual class of broad-spectrum antibiotics. There may be increased exposure to pharmaceutical company representatives and samples in the office setting, creating a stimulus for the use of newer, better advertised, and typically broader-spectrum antibiotics. Treatment patterns in EDs also may be more standardized than they are in the office setting, with an increased use of institutional guidelines.
It is frequently impractical to perform radiographs as part of routine outpatient CAP diagnosis, and data suggest that performing radiographs may be associated with increased antibiotic use.29,30 Distinguishing atypical from viral pneumonia on chest radiograph can be difficult, which may have led providers to employ broad-spectrum antibiotics to include coverage for atypical pathogens. Obtaining a CBC may be a surrogate for disease severity in our outpatient population.
This study had several possible limitations. There is no unique ICD-9-CM code for CAP, so some misclassification of CAP patients may have occurred, although we minimized this possibility by using a previously validated ICD-9-CM diagnosis code algorithm for identifying patients with CAP.18 Likewise, we were unable to identify causative pathogens, and some patients diagnosed with CAP may have had viral etiologies. However, even with the understanding that some pneumonias in our cohort were likely viral, the misdiagnosis of viral pneumonias as bacterial should not have affected antibiotic selection once the physician's intent was to treat bacterial pneumonia.
Factors other than changing pneumococcal drug resistance may affect antibiotic choice. We attempted to account for these potential confounders in several ways. First, patients with chronic medical conditions were excluded, but our exclusion may have been incomplete, allowing some patients requiring broad-spectrum CAP therapy to remain in the study cohort. However, these patients would be more likely to receive care in the ED, and had any of these patients remained in the study it would cause us to underestimate the magnitude of broad-spectrum prescribing differences between offices and the ED. Second, specific covariates were examined for inclusion in our multivariable model to account for severity of illness. Our ability to adjust for illness severity was likely imperfect, but patients evaluated in the ED for CAP were likely more ill than those in office settings, again causing us to underestimate setting differences in broad-spectrum prescribing.
Finally, survey data have certain inherent limitations. Patient allergies are not available in either survey; antibiotic class allergies, although uncommon in general, might alter antimicrobial prescribing for CAP. The surveys also lack detailed clinical information such as symptoms or physical examination findings, which could help confirm the CAP diagnosis in patients identified using our algorithm.
Our study has several implications. The unchanged rate of outpatient pediatric CAP diagnosis despite introduction of PCV7 suggests that better diagnostics are needed to distinguish bacterial from viral pneumonia. Likewise, efforts to improve bacterial pneumonia diagnosis have the potential to decrease broad-spectrum antibiotic overuse significantly.
Future studies are warranted to establish the comparative effectiveness of different antibiotics for the empiric treatment of pediatric outpatient CAP. The establishment and adoption of guidelines for the diagnosis and management of pediatric outpatient pneumonia are likely to reduce broad-spectrum antibiotic overuse for this common pediatric condition.
We would like to thank Dawei Xie, PhD, for assistance with the statistical models. Drs Lee and Kronman are both recipients of a Young Investigator Award from the Academic Pediatric Association. Dr Shah received support from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (K01 AI73729) and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation under its Physician Faculty Scholar Program.
The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.
- Accepted November 24, 2010.
- Address correspondence to Matthew P. Kronman, MD, Abramson Research Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 34th Street and Civic Center Blvd, Room 1202F, Philadelphia, PA 19104. E-mail: kronman{at}email.chop.edu.
All authors have contributed significantly to this work and have given final approval of the manuscript.
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE: The authors have indicated that they have no personal financial relationships relevant to this article to disclose.
- community acquired pneumonia •
- heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine •
- emergency department •
- International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification •
- complete blood count •
- confidence interval •
- odds ratio
- Copyright © 2011 by the American Academy of Pediatrics


text:
You have no items in your shopping cart.
Anti-Spam Policy
What is spam?
In the context of electronic messaging, spam refers to unsolicited, bulk or indiscriminate messages, typically sent for a commercial purpose.
AIR CRAFT has a zero-tolerance spam policy.
Automated spam filtering
AIR CRAFT's messaging systems automatically scan all incoming email [and other] messages, and filter-out messages that appear to be spam.
Problems with spam filtering
No message filtering system is 100% accurate, and from time to time legitimate messages will be filtered-out by [NAME'S] systems.
If you believe this has happened to a message you have sent, please advise the message recipient by another means.
You can reduce the risk of a message being caught by the spam filters by sending the message in plain text (i.e. no HTML), removing any attachments, and ensuring that your messages are scanned for malware before dispatch.
User spam
AIR CRAFT may provide a facility that enables users to send email messages and/or private messages to other users. If such a facility is enabled, users must not use the facility to send unsolicited, bulk or indiscriminate messages, whether or not for a commercial purposes.
Receipt of unwanted messages from AIR CRAFT
In the event that you receive any message from AIR CRAFT or sent using AIR CRAFT systems that you consider to be spam, please contact AIR CRAFT using the details below and provide the email address affected. AIR CRAFT will remove that email from all communications not required for due processing of your order(s).
Changes to this anti-spam policy
AIR CRAFT may amend this anti-spam policy at any time by publishing a new version on this website.
Contact us
Should you have any questions about this anti-spam policy, please contact AIR CRAFT using the details set out below:
Please Contact Air Craft
International Sales Dept.
24-10 Tokuzen
Iizuka City, Fukuoka Prefecture


text:
Sea Level Rise Is Accelerating and Could Be Twice As Much in 2100 as Projected
Using satellite data, researchers say sea levels could rise by half an inch a year by the end of the century, which is double current projections.
Leaders in coastal cities from New York to Shanghai are debating how to handle rising sea waters. New research suggests they have less time than they think to make up their minds.
Sea levels are rising at an accelerated pace, according to a paper published Monday in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
Driven mostly by melting ice sheets in Antarctica and Greenland, the oceans are rising more than 0.003 inches faster every year, the researchers claimed.
"It's a small signal and yet, over 100 years, small signals add up to a lot," Steve Nerem, a University of Colorado, Boulder aerospace engineering professor and fellow at the Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, said in an interview with Seeker.
The previous consensus among scientists was that the oceans were rising at a steady clip of a little more than a tenth of an inch annually.
This new research shows that, rising sea waters could be climbing up around half an inch a year by 2100. At that rate, sea levels would be 26 inches higher at the turn of the century than today — more than double current projections that assume a constant rate, Nerem and his colleagues found.
At present, folks might dismiss rising sea levels because they don't notice any changes. That's changing, Nerem said. "In 2100, people … would be able to go on vacation to the beach and come back 10 or 20 years later and see a difference," he said.
Nerem stressed that his and his colleagues' work was conservative.
"That assumes that there is no rapid, dynamical change in the ice sheet," he said, referring to his projected rates of rising sea levels. "If the ice sheets really start to go, then this number is a low-end number for sure."
RELATED: When Glaciers Retreated, Swings in Earth's Climate Subsided
He also admitted that the findings were not a great surprise. Research had previously suggested that sea levels were not only rising but rising faster and faster.
But Nerem's team used 25 years of satellite data to measure the rise, compared it to tide gauges and other measurements and took into account volcanic eruptions and weather that might alter sea levels. Others had not taken those other factors into account, he said.
Volcanos emit smoke and ash that can block the sun, cooling Earth and forcing water to compress into a denser state. Warm water, on the other hand, expands. El Niño and La Niña events also alter temperatures and rainfall that cause the seas to rise and fall.
Nerem aimed to review his findings as more satellite data became available. In the meantime, he hoped his research would help others who are studying climate change.
"The goal of this kind of research is not just to measure climate change but to figure out why it's changing," he said. "If you understand why it's changing then you understand better what's going to happen in the future."
That might help others fight global warming, he said, adding, "The time has long passed that we need to address this."
RELATED: Melting Arctic Permafrost Could Release Millions of Gallons of Mercury Pollution