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What is Glaucoma?
Glaucoma is a group of diseases that produces increased pressure within the eye, in most cases. This pressure is caused by a backup of fluid in the eye that causes damage to the optic nerve, over time.
How is Glaucoma caused?
Any disturbance for the flow of the aqueous humor can raise the Intra Ocular Pressure (IOP) of the eye. Unless the pressure at the front of the eye is controlled, it can damage the optic nerve and cause vision loss.
Who is at risk?
Although anyone can get glaucoma, some people are at higher risk than others. They include:
- Blacks over 40 years of age.
- Everyone over 60 years of age.
- People with a family history of glaucoma.
Initially, open-angle glaucoma has no symptoms. Vision stays normal, and there isn't any pain. As glaucoma remains untreated, people may notice that although they see things clearly in front of them, they miss objects to the side and out of the corner of their eye.
Without treatment, people with glaucoma may find that they suddenly have no peripheral (side) vision. It may seem as though they are looking through a tunnel. Over time, the remaining central distance vision may decrease until there is no vision left.
Vision with glaucoma normal vision.
Types of Glaucoma:
Although open-angle glaucoma is the most common type, some people have other types of this disease.
- In low-tension or normal-tension glaucoma, optic nerve damage and narrowed peripheral vision occur unexpectedly in people with normal eye pressure.
- In closed-angle glaucoma, the fluid at the front of the eye cannot reach the angle and leave the eye because the angle gets blocked by part of the iris. People with this type of glaucoma have a sudden increase in pressure. Symptoms include severe pain and nausea as well as redness of the eye and blurred vision. This is a medical emergency. The patient needs immediate treatment to improve the flow of fluid. Without treatment, the eye can become blind in as little as one or two days. Usually, prompt laser surgery can clear the blockage and protect sight.
- In congenital glaucoma, children are born with defects in the angle of the eye that slow the normal drainage of fluid. Children with this problem usually have obvious symptoms such as cloudy eyes, sensitivity to light, and excessive tearing. Surgery is usually the suggested treatment. If surgery is done promptly, these children usually have an excellent chance of having good vision.
- Secondary glaucoma can develop as a complication of other medical conditions. They are sometimes associated with eye surgery or advanced cataracts, eye injuries, certain eye tumors, or uveitis (eye inflammation).
One type, known as pigmentary glaucoma, occurs when pigment from the iris flakes off and blocks the meshwork, slowing fluid drainage.
A severe form, called neovascular glaucoma, is linked to diabetes. Also, corticosteroid drugs—used to treat eye inflammations and other diseases—can trigger glaucoma in few people. Treatment is through medicines, laser surgery or conventional surgery.
How is glaucoma detected?
Most people think that they have glaucoma if the pressure in their eye is increased. This is not always true. High pressure puts a person at risk for glaucoma. Whether or not they have glaucoma, depends on the level of pressure that their optic nerve can tolerate without being damaged. Although normal pressure is usually between 12-21 mm Hg, a person might have glaucoma even if the pressure is within this range.
An eye examination is very important, to investigate glaucoma, the following tests are a must:
- Visual acuity: This vision test measures how well you see at various distances.
- Visual Field: This test measures your side (peripheral) vision. It helps your eye care professional find out if you have lost any peripheral vision, a sign of glaucoma.
- Pupil dilation: This examination provides your eye care professional with a better view of the optic nerve to check for signs of damage. Your eyes will be dilated with drops and after examination your near vision may remain blurred for few hours.
- Tonometry: This standard test determines the fluid pressure or Intra Ocular Pressure (IOP) of the eye.
Treatment of Glaucoma:
Although there is no cure for glaucoma, treatment can often control it. This makes early diagnosis and treatment important. In common practice, medication is recommended for newly diagnosed glaucoma. However, new research findings show that laser surgery is a safe and effective alternative.
Medicine: Medicines – either eye drops or pills – are the most common early treatment for glaucoma. Some cause the eye to make less fluid, whereas others lower pressure by helping fluid drain from the eye.
Laser surgery (also called laser trabeculoplasty): Laser surgery helps fluid drain out of the eye. Although this may be suggested at any time, it is usually done after trying out treatment through medicines. In many cases, glaucoma drugs have to be taken even after laser surgery.
Conventional surgery: The purpose of surgery is to make a new opening for the fluid to leave the eye. This surgery is often done after medicine and laser surgery have failed to control pressure.


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Opening its doors in California in early 2007, RI International provides recovery-based services to adults with co-occurring mental health and substance use challenges. RI International also conducts workshops on mental health recovery principles and practices and how to implement them throughout your organization. Headquartered in San Diego, RI International – California is a peer-run non-profit organization.
RI International is building a peer workforce that is making a difference in California.
At RI, we believe in the power of the peer experience. We train peers as Peer Support Specialists because it adds meaning and purpose to their lives by transforming their past experiences into healing for others. The use of Peer Support Specialists has been the most significant factor in moving recovery forward in individual lives as well as within our organization and the service system.
RI International in San Diego offers a number of services that create opportunities to empower people and organizations to recover. Recovery education classes such as WRAP, WELL, and Medication for Success enable people to develop self-help skills. One-to-one Peer Support and recovery classes in the San Diego County facilities provide people an introduction to recovery and community recovery links. Peer Employment Training and other recovery trainings for individuals and unique trainings for professional staff equip people and organizations with the tools to transform their operations to a recovery-based model. The Peer Liaison Services program assists people to advocate for their needs and rights by acting as a two-way conduit to gather and disseminate information between the Mental Health System of Care and people receiving services and their families.
At RI International, we focus on wellness to maximize the growth of hope, knowledge, skills, and supports, allowing each person to move forward in their recovery. People discover the Recovery Pathways – hope, choice, empowerment, recovery environment, and meaning and purpose — and how to use them to feel better about themselves and develop their own plan for wellness.
RI International was awarded Mental Health Program of the Year in San Diego, California for 2008.
San Diego County Adult and Older Adult Mental Health Services Administration also fund RI International – California to put on the Wellness and Recovery Summit every year in the month of March; bringing hope to 450 people who receive mental health services and their clinical teams and supporters.
Browse our web site to learn about recovery opportunities in California. If you have questions or would like more information about RI International, please contact us.
RI International believes that every person who wants to work can succeed in developing a meaningful career of their choice. Peers in the workforce help transform the mental health services delivery system with their unique skills and "been there" experience. In California, RI International trains and seeks to employ peers to work as recovery educators, peer counselors, recovery coaches, in-home crisis workers, and much more. We can help your agency make the step to incorporate peer support services into your system.
Peer Support Specialist Training
Those who wish to become Peer Support Specialists begin with an intensive 75-hour Peer Employment Training (PET) program that teaches people who have received services in the mental health system the skills and techniques of peer support. Students completing the class and passing the competency tests may be eligible to receive college credits, may seek employment providing recovery education and peer support in various mental health programs. PET includes training in recovery and peer support principles, communication skills, cultural diversity, ethics and boundaries, substance abuse, trauma and resilience, conflict resolution, and much more. Click here for more information on the content of the training. It is a competency-based curriculum; students will demonstrate their proficiency in the skills they learn.
The course is offered several times a year with various class schedules. A participant must have a high school diploma or GED and RI International's San Diego office offers the WRAP classes throughout the County. WRAP classes are offered in the San Diego office: 3838 Camino del Rio North, Suite 380, San Diego, CA 92108 from 9a – 11a, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday and Friday. Please call the office at 858.274.4650 for availability of WRAP classes throughout the community.
Employment Search Assistance
Graduates from the Peer Employment Training are eligible to receive job search assistance in the mental health field in various positions including peer support specialists, recovery educators, peer counselors, recovery coaches, peer liaisons to peer employment specialists. RI International has an Employment Coordinator who partners with other community mental health agencies and assists applicants with employment preparation including resume building, etc.
Please be aware, in order to work in the mental health field in California, sometimes a person must be able to pass a criminal background check with no felony convictions. Potential employers will conduct a background check before hiring.

subset: commoncrawl


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Relationship Manager - Indirect Auto Finance (Inside Sales)
Are you a natural born people person who thrives on cultivating relationships with others? Does being a strategic thinker strike a chord with you? Look no further; a Relationship Manager Associate at Capital One is the opportunity for both! This role will facilitate strong partnerships with dealers and sales managers while providing high level customer service to our internal Auto Finance business. You will be influencing 60-80 dealerships, building positive relationships with them while supporting the outside sales managers.
A Relationship Manager will also be the first line of contact for Capital One Auto Finance (COAF) involving issues in underwriting and funding. Furthermore, the Relationship Manager makes outbound phone calls to dealers to capture their business for COAF, while also taking inbound calls from the dealers to strategically analyze their potential territories resulting in a game plan to achieve a target goal. A Relationship Manager will monitor and make adjustments to the plan as the month progresses to achieve the desired goals.
General Responsibilities:
Basic Qualifications:
Preferred Qualifications:
At this time, Capital One will not sponsor a new applicant for employment authorization for this position.


text: Rhys Hester is the Deputy Director of the Pennsylvania Commission on Sentencing and Senior Lecturer in the Department of Sociology and Criminology and Penn State University. He holds a PhD in Criminology and Criminal Justice as well as a JD. Prior to his current position at the Commission, Dr. Hester was a Research Fellow in Sentencing Law and Policy at the Robina Institute, University of Minnesota Law School. He teaches courses related to courts, constitutional law, and criminal law and procedure. His research has been published in academic journals and law reviews including Criminology and Journal of Quantitative Criminology.


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SOCCER: Bayern defeats Borussia to win the Champions League
LONDON >> Arjen Robben scored in the 89th minute Saturday to give Bayern Munich a 2-1 win over German rival Borussia Dortmund in the Champions League final, ending four years of frustration for his team in Europe's biggest tournament.
Robben ran on to Franck Ribery's backheeled flick-on in the area and calmly slotted the ball past goalkeeper Roman Weidenfeller to give Bayern its first Champions League victory since 2001. The German team had lost two of the last three finals, including on penalties to Chelsea last year in its own stadium in Munich.
"This means a lot. I still have not grasped it," Robben said. "There are so many emotions."
In a game that featured a slew of chances for both teams, Mario Mandzukic put Bayern ahead in the 60th minute at Wembley Stadium before Ilkay Gundogan leveled from the penalty spot eight minutes later, after defender Dante fouled Marco Reus in the area.
Robben, who missed two great chances in the first half, then finally came through for Bayern to set off wild celebrations in the red-and-white end of Wembley. It was the perfect redemption for Robben, who missed a penalty in extra time of last year's final, causing some Bayern fans to turn against him. A year later, after the final whistle sounded in London, he received undivided adulation as he strode with his arms raised toward the section of jubilant Bayern fans.
"It was very even. They had chances, we had chances," Robben said. "Then the last minute, I was quicker to the ball. I missed two chances before that but I stayed calm."
Robben also set up the first goal for Bayern, taking a pass from Ribery and drawing Weidenfeller out toward the touchline before squaring for Mandzukic, who could hardly miss from a few yards out.
But the lead didn't last long. Dante clumsily clattered into Reus in the area, and Italian referee Nicola Rizzoli pointed to the spot. Gundogan sent Manuel Neuer the wrong way before calmly slotting his spot kick into the right side of the net.
The European Cup title caps a spectacular season for Bayern, which broke a host of Bundesliga records in running away with the German league title -- finishing an unprecedented 25 points ahead of second-place Dortmund. It can still complete a treble, as it faces Stuttgart in the German Cup final next Saturday.
Regardless of that result, coach Jupp Heynckes will leave the German powerhouse in perfect style. Heynckes, who is stepping down at the end of the season, won his second Champions League trophy after leading Real Madrid to the title in 1998. He will be replaced by Pep Guardiola next season, but the former Barcelona coach will have a hard time improving on this Bayern side -- which dismantled the Spanish giants 7-0 on aggregate in the semifinals.
For Dortmund, it's another bitter runner-up finish to its main rival, having seen Bayern end its two-year hold on the Bundesliga title.
"We are very proud to have given them a good contest," Weidenfeller said. "But we didn't manage to win. We gave our best. We'll be back next season."
Bayern entered the game as the clear favorite, although that message didn't seem to have filtered through to Juergen Klopp's Dortmund team, which seemed intent on dictating play from the start. They largely succeeded for the first 25 minutes as well, although it was Bayern that ended up with the best chances of the first half.
Mandezukic came closest when his header was tipped onto the bar by Weidenfeller in the 26th, and the goalkeeper then denied Robben four minutes later when the speedy winger raced clear on goal.
Before that, Neuer had been by far the busier goalkeeper, making a point-blank save from Jakub Blaszczykowski and diving to stop an effort from Sven Bender. Neuer also pushed away long-range efforts from Reus and Robert Lewandowski, before denying the Polish striker again from close range in the 35th.
Robben had the final chance of the half when he beat Mats Hummels to a long ball into the area in the 42nd, but fired his volley straight into Weidenfeller's face.
After Dortmund's equalizer, Thomas Mueller had a chance to win it for Bayern when he rounded Weidenfeller, but his shot from a tight angle was cleared off the line by Neven Subotic. Weidenfeller also made good late saves from David Alaba and Bastian Schweinsteiger, before being helpless to stop Robben's winner.


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Accountability and White Anti-racist Organizing: Stories from Our Work
"Actively listen... You cannot help if you do not hear... Actively listen..." These words swirl across the cover of Accountability and White Anti-racist Organizing: Stories from Our Work. The book is a collection of eleven articles by white anti-racist activists reflecting on their experiences with accountability. Almost all of the contributors trace their activist roots back to Undoing Racism™ trainings from the People's Institute for Survival and Beyond (PISAB), and in fact the book opens with a foreword by Ronald Chisom, co-founder and executive director of PISAB. Contributors also have ties to other prominent white anti-racist organizations, including the Challenging White Supremacy Workshop (CWS) and the White Privilege Conference.
What is accountability? In the book's introduction, the editors write, "Accountability in the traditional sense implies an underlying power that can administer sanctions, but if there are no sanctions, if one is in the power position, why be accountable, and who can hold you to it? So accountability as we view it in regard to white anti-racist organizing is about a willingness to share power."
Some of the book's contributors focus on philosophies or systems of accountability. For example, Shelly Tochluk and Cameron Levin, of AWARE-LA (Alliance of White Anti-Racists Everywhere – Los Angeles) and RJA (Racial Justice Alliance) describe the model for accountability they have developed, entitled Transformative Alliance Building. They emphasize "two-sided accountability" (between white people and people of color) in contrast to "one-sided" models that emphasize white accountability to people of color without discussing the necessity for reciprocity. One-sided accountability, they claim, leaves white activists mired in white guilt, which causes them to believe that they are incapable of taking full responsibility for tasks they should shoulder (such as organizing other white people against racism). This in turn prolongs the burden of over-dependence on activists of color.
Other articles focus on "applied accountability." Larry Yates writes about his long tenure with the National Low-Income Housing Coalition/Low Income Housing Information Service (LIHIS). Thanks initially to the conditions of receiving grant money from the Catholic Campaign for Human Development, a majority of LIHIS Board members were people directly impacted by the issue at hand: current or former residents of public or assisted housing. "These funder requirements," writes Yates, "gave the LIHIS Board a clear framework of accountability." He describes how this, along with other aspects of the organization's institutionalized commitment to tenant self-determination, helped LIHIS develop a national grassroots base that was able to act effectively on both local and national levels to change HUD (Department of Housing and Urban development) policy.
I appreciate this collection especially for its focus on telling "Stories from Our Work." This is not a book about pedagogy or identity development, about "how to get more white people to take on an anti-racist outlook." This is a book about action, about implementing an anti-racist outlook in a sustained way in specific contexts. Additionally, it is not a book about individual white heroes or heroines. It is a book about movement-building, about creating and sustaining networks of people that can support each other in doing long-term coordinated work. These are stories that I want and need to hear as a young white anti-racist activist.
Additionally, it makes sense for a book about white anti-racist activism to focus on the concept of accountability. As each contributor describes in his/her own way, white privilege grants disproportionate access to systems, institutions, and resources. The task of white anti-racist activism is not to deny the truth of that access in order to seek individual absolution. Rather, the task must be to leverage that access strategically (or to put it more bluntly, to work within the system in one way or another) to bring about radical change. The key challenge, as this book hashes out in eleven different contexts, is to do that work without losing the focus on ending racism—in other words, to be accountable to people of color, and to each other as well.


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Before I even considered becoming a lawyer, I witnessed injustice after injustice. I saw people who had committed small-time crimes being mistreated, misunderstood, and mistaken for something much worse than what they actually were. I saw multiple people make the same mistake and receive extremely inconsistent punishments for it. The justice system didn't seem to treat people fairly or equally, and I couldn't stand for it.
I knew from an early age that my mission in life was not only to break my way into the legal system and help those being trampled by it, but to take one big step beyond that — to change the justice system altogether. I needed to become a judge.
I became a lawyer for two main reasons: 1) It's the first step toward becoming a judge, which will allow me to truly make my voice heard in the legal system. And 2) I can help countless victims of injustice while putting in my time as an attorney.
At my law firm, I offer my clients counsel in the areas of criminal defense, personal injury, and immigration. These fields are, in my opinion, prime examples of how the justice system can take advantage of those who don't have the wherewithal to defend themselves. People facing these legal concerns have the right to put a strong advocate on their side, regardless of their race, gender, financial status, or any other demographic. That is my belief, and it is why, no matter their status, I fight for them.
Both Jessica and I have witnessed firsthand how unfair the legal system can be, and we've both made it our mission to put a stop to injustice where we see it. It's our shared beliefs and our shared passion for our work that makes us such a force to be reckoned with when it comes to handling criminal defense cases.


text:
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text:
Zeroone San Jose concerts
We're sorry, we currently do not have any tickets on-sale for concerts in Zeroone San Jose.
We're always adding events, so please check back soon!
Otherwise, try searching for the artist or venue you are interested in, using the search form above, or
ask us to add it. Thanks!


text:
The power of short. Twenty-two films from the short film selection compete for one of three equal awards.
Short films can be found at many places during IFFR: as part of video installations, preceding feature films at Pathé premieres and, naturally, in combined programmes. Films between 1 and 65 minutes long, from all over the world. There are fiction films, experimental work and documentaries. Short films prove that filmmakers play with a whole range of cinematic forms and ideas.
The short films have their own competition at IFFR. What differentiates it from the Hivos Tiger Competition for feature-length films is the fact that it's not just for young and upcoming talents; all filmmakers have a chance at winning. About 20 to 25 short films (twenty-three in 2017) compete for three equal Ammodo Tiger Short Awards, each worth €5,000. The jury will also pick a film to go on to compete in the short films category of the annual European Film Awards (EFA).


text:
Mekong countries in talks to make foods safer to public
Speed read
- The forum aims to develop strategies to promote food safety in the Mekong area
- Pathogens and toxic chemical residues in food worry authorities in the region
- Thailand has the best food safety systems in the Greater Mekong subregion
"Of the multifarious food development concerns, food safety is now viewed as an integral component of food security. The forum is an opportunity to discuss innovative business-to-government (B2G) initiatives that the GMS can tap for enhanced global market access," Pavit Ramachandran, project manager and environment specialist at ADB, tells SciDev.Net.
Sporadic cases of food-borne diseases — bacterial, viral and parasitic — occur in the GMS countries. In addition, exposure to toxins and chemicals used in food production worry consumers and public health authorities, says Thomas Weaver, a private sector development and value chain specialist who helped plan the forum.
"Food safety is now viewed as an integral component of food security. The forum is an opportunity to discuss innovative business-to-government (B2G) initiatives."
Pavit Ramachandran, ADB
The current capacity to effectively investigate outbreaks in the GMS countries is highly variable, and can limit the ability of public health authorities to identify sources of food poisoning and respond appropriately such as through product recalls.
In 2014, some 400 textile workers in Vietnam contracted salmonellosis, and over 50 of them had to be hospitalised. Then, in 2016, the Thai Pesticide Alert Network tested 138 samples of popular fruits and vegetables across the country and discovered that half of them had high levels of harmful pesticide residues, despite being certified for quality by the government.
Even those certified organic by Thai third-party systems and other GMS countries routinely encounter similar problems, says Weaver.
Within the GMS, there is also considerable variation in national capacity to effectively implement food safety risk mitigation strategies. The reasons are complex and include the country's level of development, research capacity and public access to information.
Currently, Thailand operates the most advanced food safety systems in the GMS. The Chinese autonomous regions also have considerable capacity. Vietnam's capacity is increasing due to public pressure while Cambodia, Lao PDR and Myanmar have lesser capacity.
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Weaver recommends that countries with more advanced food safety and risk analysis systems and capacity support neighbouring countries in upskilling staff, improving the design of surveillance systems and providing access to services, such as accredited food testing.
A paper detailing the status of food safety in each country, as well as market potential for agriculture products, is expected to be released at the end of the forum. It will inform the upcoming Second GMS agriculture ministers' meeting in Cambodia.
This piece was produced by SciDev.Net's Asia & Pacific desk.
This article was made possible with support from Monsanto.


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Are there many truths?
It is worth addressing a humanist response to one other possible approach to the question of whether we can attain knowledge about the world. That is the response to relativism, the claim that there is no one single truth, but only different views, each true for those who hold them.
This is a view of the world that humanists will typically reject.
A difficulty with advocating relativism was apparent to the philosophers of ancient Greece. In one of Plato's dialogues with Socrates, the sophist Protagoras claims that 'Man is the measure of all things', and that, consequently, all truth is relative. If that was the case, Socrates responded, then we are left with a difficult consequence: Does the claim that all truth is relative apply to itself? Is the claim 'all beliefs about reality are equally true' itself absolutely true, or is it only true for those people who believe it? If it is absolutely true, then we have a contradiction – not all truths are relative. If it isn't, then relativism remains untrue for those of us who do not accept it.
This challenge does not prove that relativism is false, but it certainly undermines the relativist's case that others – such as humanists – should accept it.
Humanists believe that we have a duty to use our intelligence as best we can to try to establish what is true. If relativism were true, there would be no point in thinking critically in this way, because whatever belief we ended up with after careful, rational reflection would be guaranteed to be no more true than the one we started with.
Simon Blackburn writes:
'Protagoras said that man is the measure of all things. Well, suppose the issue is a nice one of measurement. What time is high tide at Newhaven tomorrow? I could have an opinion about that. But unless I have done my homework, it would not be likely to be reliable. Homework here means consulting tide-tables. Or, if it is my business to produce timetables it may mean something more direct, such doing some calculations, or perhaps going down to Newhaven with a measuring rod and a clock. It is true, of course, that a particularly awkward customer may dislike this measurement process, and it is open to him to argue for another. Like any human process, even simple measurement is fallible and may be conducted more or less well. But at the end of the day either the water stops rising at a given time, or it does not. Tide tables have their prestige not because of social and political machinations, but because they are reliable. Were there a competition, a marketplace for rival tables, success would eventually winnow out those that work from those that do not. Hence, Protagoras got only part of the way. Man indeed lies behind the measurement, but that does not mean we can conduct the measurement any which way. If we do, our ships go aground, and our projects are thwarted…
Voltaire Lecture 2001: Does Relativism Matter?
We will return to the challenge of 'many truths' when we explore moral relativism in Week 4, an area where the challenge carries potentially greater force and needs to be taken more seriously.


text: Mixed Q4 Results for Canada's Astral Media, Corus Ent. 3:43 PM PDT 10/27/2010 by Etan Vlessing FACEBOOK TWITTER EMAIL ME Astral earnings rise 2%, while Corus' fourth-quarter profit falls on restructuring charges. TORONTO -- Canadian broadcasters continue to ride an ad recovery to improved revenues and earnings. Pay and cable channel operator Astral Media on Wednesday reported a 2% rise in fourth-quarter earnings to $45.1 million, against a profit of $44.3 million in 2009 that excludes one-time items. Montreal-based Astral's overall revenue jumped 9% to $238.4 million, with TV revenue rising to $135 million, against a year-earlier $124.9 million, and radio revenue increasing to $81.3 million, against $76.1 million in 2009. Astral CEO Ian Greenberg said the fourth quarter "showed encouraging signs of recovery for Canadian advertising markets." The improved ad climate follows economists continuing to remain optimistic about the Canadian economy as it climbs out of a 2009 downturn. Rival Corus Entertainment, which also operates pay and cable TV channels and radio stations, saw its fourth-quarter profit fall to $6.8 million on restructuring charges, against a profit of $18.7 million in 2009. But Toronto-based Corus also pointed to radio and TV ad growth underpinning its bottom line. "The advertising recovery continued in the fourth quarter, particularly for our specialty assets," Corus CEO John Cassaday said. "This continues a trend we have seen for three successive quarters." FACEBOOK TWITTER EMAIL ME Etan Vlessing email@example.com @thr


text:
Wednesday, March 28, 2007
Personal Productivity Tools
I just thought I would take a minute to let you all know about some tools I use in my personal business. One of the newest things that I have done is to setup a new phone number and fax services on the internet. While I still have a fax machine it is nice to be able to send and receive faxes electronically and view them wherever I happen to be. I figured why not make my phone and fax as unique as my business.
This has worked out well and yes it has boosted my productivity.
I have also started purchasing my ink cartridges online. I used to only buy the name-brand cartridges from the big office store. I was concerned with quality. I got tired of paying for GAS and for ink and toner Supplies. Think about it that one trip started getting pretty expensive. So i checked out 1-inkjet.com and got some relief in this area of my business expenses.
Have a productive day.
Posted by Proletariatof1 at Wednesday, March 28, 2007
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A sample from the GuitarStar Volume 1: Rockin' Riffs library..
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Kodi ALERT: Users fined THOUSANDS in new crackdown on free Premier League streams
KODI BOX suppliers have been fined thousands in the latest crackdown on free online streams.
Kodi Box suppliers have been forced to pay thousands for Premier League streams
A supplier of so-called Kodi Boxes – preloaded with the wherewithal to watch pirate broadcasts of Premier League football matches – has been forced to pay thousands of pounds, and cease all future trading of the illicit set-top boxes, according to piracy watchdog FACT.
Nayanesh Patel of Harrow, Middlesex, sold Kodi-style streaming boxes on several sites, including eBay and Facebook.
Patel has been slapped with a £18,000 fine for breaching Premier League copyright. He also agreed to remove all infringing adverts from the platforms, disable access to his website, and cease all sales of similar devices.
Meanwhile, a second supplier who sold subscriptions for Kodi Box owners to tune into free streams of Premier League football has had to pay £8,000.
The supplier, who has not been named, sold subscriptions to the pirate broadcasts via eBay. He has been forced to cease all such future trading.
These latest fines are the result of a wide-ranging copyright protection programme that includes the Premier League successfully obtaining a High Court blocking order preventing illegal streams being broadcast in the UK.
Kodi: Ever streamed with Kodi? Here's what is legal, and what is notSun, January 21, 2018
With more than one million so-called Kodi Boxes currently in use in the UK, streaming with illicit set-top boxes is becoming hugely-popular. However, a number of changes in the law could bring harsh punishments to those streaming things they shouldn't.
It also involves working with Spanish authorities to shut down illegal Internet Service Providers (ISPs), and action inside the UK, Thailand, and Singapore against sellers of Kodi-style streaming devices that provide access to illegal broadcasts of football.
Premier League Director of Legal Services, Kevin Plumb, said: "This case shows there are serious consequences for sellers of pre-loaded boxes and is a warning for anyone who thinks they might get away with this type of activity.
"The Premier League is currently engaged in a comprehensive copyright protection programme that includes targeting and taking action against sellers of pre-loaded devices, and any ISPs or hosts that facilitate the broadcast of pirated Premier League content."
Kodi is a neutral media player which can be installed on a wide range of hardware, including desktop computers, servers, smartphones, HDMI streaming dongles.
The Premier League is currently engaged in a comprehensive copyright protection programme
The media player is capable of streaming content from the internet, a home network or local HDD storage.
Third-party developers can bring additional functionality to Kodi software via apps – dubbed Add-Ons – downloaded from the internet, from repositories like TVAddons.
Illicit streaming devices with these piracy-focused add-ons preloaded are colloquially known as Kodi Boxes.
The Premier League also recently won a landmark case in the Dutch Courts which requires illegal hosting provider Ecatel to now takedown all Premier League material or face fines of up to €1.5million, or £1.3million.
Example of Kodi-style streaming boxes listed on auction site eBay
The news comes a few months a Sky customer agreed to pay £5,000 after his account was linked to an illegal stream on Facebook.
The feverishly-anticipated fight between Anthony Joshua and Wladimir Klitschko back in April 2017 was available exclusively on Sky Sports Box Office for £19.95.
However, thousands of people enjoyed the boxing match via a Facebook live stream for free.
The stream, which was viewed by some 4,250 people at its peak, was traced back to the Sky account holder, Craig Foster, of Scarborough.
Foster says he received a number of letters from Foot Anstey LLP, a law firm representing Sky, following the stream.
One of these letters claimed Foster could face fines of up to £85,000 if the case went to court, according to the Mirror.
Neil Parkes, Partner at Foot Anstey LLP, told The Independent: "Mr Foster broke the law and illegally shared copyright protected content with thousands of people online.
"He has since acknowledged his wrongdoing, apologised for his actions and signed a legally binding agreement in which he agrees to pay a sum of £5,000 to Sky."
Craig Foster says one of his friends live streamed the fight using an iPad, which was already logged into his Facebook account.
He has agreed to pay £5,000 in legal costs to Sky.
Last year, a Sky Sports subscriber was ordered to pay £16,000 after being caught illegally streaming the channel.


text:
What is starch?
Starch is a carbohydrate extracted from agricultural raw materials which is widely present in literally thousands of everyday food and non-food applications. It is the most important carbohydrate in the human diet. Because it is renewable and biodegradable it is also a perfect raw material as a substitute for fossil-fuel components in numerous chemical applications such as plastics, detergents, glues etc. For more on the food, feed and industrial uses click here. The starch molecule consists of a large number of glucose units joined by glycosidic bonds. It is produced by all vegetables as an energy store. In Europe it is extracted almost exclusively from potatoes, wheat and maize.
To learn more about starch, take a look at our product factsheet on Starch by clicking on the image below:
The starch-based ingredient categories
Once extracted, pure starch (native starch) is a white tasteless and odourless powder that is insoluble in cold water or alcohol, which is used widely in the food and paper industry primarily for binding and thickening purposes
Through a light hydrolisation, starch is made soluble, and becomes maltodextrins. Maltodextrins are commonly used in sports nutrition, both in the preparation and recovery phases, and is a valuable ingredient in many sports drinks. Moreover, maltodextrins are well suited for infant nutrition as their solubility ensures a lump-free formula for bottle-feeding and gives infant food milk a perfect consistency, while adding almost no sweetness. More on Maltodextrins.
Through a process called hydrolysis, starch is also frequently converted into starch-based sugars. Starch-based sugars are mainly used in the food, beverage and confectionery industries as well as the pharmaceutical and fermentation industries.
More on starch-based sugars
During the starch extraction process, the European starch industry valorises all components of the raw materials, extracting also fibres and plant-based proteins.
More on fibres and plant-based proteins
Starch in 3 minutes
Extraction and processing
From plant to powder
Starch is the glucide reserve of plants. In Europe it is found in maize, wheat and potato from which it is extracted, as well as in many other plants: rice, barley, vegetables, manioc, sweet potato.
The formation of starch in plants is through the process of photosynthesis. This physiological mechanism makes it possible for the plants to produce and store the glucose (elementary sugar) which is necessary for their growth and reproduction.
Initially, the plant assimilates the carbon from the atmosphere and transforms it into glucose, the basic molecule. This is then used for the synthesis of the starch polymers associated with pure glucose.
Like the image of a "pearl necklace", each plant organises and structures its macromolecules of glucose in a different way, the number of glucose units which can vary from 100 to 20,000 in each polymer. In plants, starch appears as small granules, insoluble in cold water, the size (between 3 and 100 microns) and form vary according to the origin.
The starch industry separates the components of the plant: starch, protein, cellulose envelope, soluble fractions and in the case of maize, the germ from which oil will be extracted. This first phase utilises a series of simple stages of physical separation of the components: crushing, sifting, centrifuging, etc… However the methods of manufacture are specific to each plant and the industrial tools are normally dedicated to a raw material (maize, wheat or potato in Europe). In the second stage, the starch which has been extracted in its purest form, will be used as it is after drying (this is called "native starch") or it will be further processed, undergoing various transformations aiming either at modifying its performance ("modified starch") or to obtain sweeteners through the process of hydrolisis.
At the end of the process the starch and derived products are delivered to customer industries in the form of powder (with an appearance similar to that of flour) or of syrups.
Modified Starches
Solving to suit
The properties of starches are well-known, however knowledge continues to progress in the understanding of the physicochemical bases of their application.To bind, thicken, texture, stabilise and gel are some of the traditional functions of starch. Native starches are perfectly suited to a wide variety of applications, food or non-food, where their properties remain irreplaceable. Very early however, it appeared necessary, in some cases, to improve the performance of the starch and to respond to the needs of customers, giving other improved functionality or behaviour: solubility with cold water, more stable viscosity with the variations of temperature, hot fluidity, better stability… The first modified starch dates from the 19th century and other modified starches were since then developed, often in partnership with customer industries, which sought to make starches compatible with their industrial processes. In the food area, the principal modifications aim at adapting the starch to the technological constraints resulting for example from cooking, freezing/thawing, canning or sterilisation and to make them compatible with a modern food (microwavable, instant preparations, ultra high temperatures and so on). One of the objectives common to the majority of these transformations is to limit the natural tendency of starch to be retrogress. During the cooking of soup for example, the native starch is hydrated in contact with water. The starch granules expand and the "viscosity" of the solution increases giving it a particular texture.
The various modifications of starch make it possible to obtain:
- easier food preparation
- better conservation of food
- better stability of food even when heated under severe conditions (preserves for example, to ensure their sterility)
Main technical modifications:
- Cross Linking is the creation of bridges between the starch chains with specific connections. This process makes it possible to maintain inflated granules and to decrease the loss of viscosity.
Substitution gives stabilisation property to starch, mainly during cycles of freezing and thawing. This is thanks to molecules which ensure the repulsion between the starch chains, these cannot recombine. The minimisation of the starch retrogradation is thus ensured.
Supporting specialised nutrition
Supporting specialised nutrition
Maltodextrins are plant-based ingredients used in food, obtained from cereals (maize and wheat) and potatoes. They belong to the Carbohydrates family.
Maltodextrins are white powders, neutral in taste with very little or no sweetness. They have a calorific value of 4 kcal/g (similar to all other carbohydrates)..
Maltodextrins are widely used in food formulations and have been for almost half a century.
Maltodextrins are obtained from starch, through a process that uses water to break down carbohydrates into shorter chains of molecules. In essence, enzymes are added to slightly break down the starch molecules – long chains of bound glucose molecules – into shorter chains of glucose molecules, which are then dried. The reaction is similar to the digestion mechanism in the human body when one eats food containing starch (e.g. in pasta or potatoes) but less complete.
To learn more about maltodextrins, take a look at our product factsheet by clicking on the image below:
Starch-based Sugars and Polyols
A sweet choice of possibilities
The starch molecule consists of a large number of glucose units. Glucose has been essential in the food industry since the 19th century, when Europeans sought to substitute products for cane sugar which was in short supply. The industrial process of starch hydrolysis first appeared in 1811 when German scientist KIRCHOFF discovered that it was possible to give a sweetened character to starch by heating with water and sulphuric acid. Later during the 1960's enzymatic technologies began to be used in the industry for starch hydrolysis: this interest in enzymes for use in the starch industry has increased significantly. Starch-based sugars meet the demand of sweetening mixtures and bring additional functionality to many sectors (beverages, confectionery, dairy products…), contributing to the texture, colour stability and flavour of the final product, while also remaining economic. For example, glucose syrups are used in confectionery mainly for their anti-crystallizing role, while in brewing they are especially used for their sweetening power. Glucose syrups can adapt, as with the starch from which they result, into a considerable variety of products, each developing specific properties. The hydrolysis -by the important choice of the enzymatic transformation- allows the production of very broad ranges of products with a wide spread of sweetening capacity, texture and taste.
Sugars produced by the starch industry include:
Glucose syrup (term used as a legal designation for labelling purposes)* is a refined, concentrated aqueous solution of glucose, maltose and oligomers of glucose obtained by controlled partial hydrolysis of edible starch. It may contain small amounts of fructose obtained either by conversion of glucose or by hydrolysis of edible inulin.
To learn more about glucose syrup, take a look at our product factsheet on Starch by clicking on the image below:
Glucose-Fructose syrup (term used as a legal designation for labelling purposes)* is a glucose syrup which contains between 5 and 50% fructose on dry matter basis obtained either by conversion of glucose or by hydrolysis of edible inulin.
Glucose-Fructose Syrups was referred to as Isoglucose under the EU sugar regime deriving this name from its production process. It is a fructose produced by isomerisation with enzymes which convert glucose into fructose. Isoglucose is produced from glucose and contains at least 10% fructose. From a labelling perspective, they are either Glucose-Fructose syrups or Fructose-Glucose syrups.
Furthemore, the term High Fructose Corn Syrup (HFCS) is used in the US and certain other parts of the world, to refer to Glucose-Fructose syrups of Fructose-Glucose syrups.
To learn more about glucose-fructose syrup, take a look at our product factsheet on Starch by clicking on the image below:
Fructose-glucose syrup (term used as a legal designation for labelling purposes)* is a glucose syrup which contains more than 50% fructose on dry matter basis. The most common type contains 55% fructose, although production within Europe is minimal.
To learn more about fructose-glucose syrup, take a look at our product factsheet on Starch by clicking on the image below:
*For the terms mentioned above as being used as legal designation, the so-called EU "sugars directive" (Directive 2001/111/EC) provides a definition and specifications.
Benefits to your intestinal health
Polyols are low caloric alternative sweeteners. A number of these are produced using starch as a raw material, including:
- Sorbitol is purified sorbitol obtained by reduction (hydrogenation) of glucose. Sorbitol is found in fruits such as apples or pears. Sorbitol syrup is formed by reduction of glucose syrup and composed of sorbitol, mannitol and hydrogenated saccharides.
- Maltitol and maltitol syrup. Likewise, while maltitol is purified amtitol (reduced matose), maltitol syrup is mainly composed of maltitol with sorbitol and hydrogenated oligo- and polysaccharides.
- Polyglycitol syrup consists mainly of maltitol and sorbitol and lesser amounts of hydrogenated oligo- and polysaccharides and maltrotriitol. It is manufactured by the hydrogenation of a mixture of starch hydrolysates consisting of glucose, maltose and higher glucose oligomers. Similar to the catalytic hydrogenation process used for the manfufacture of maltitol syrup.
- Mannitol is purified mannitol (reduced mannose) produced by hydrogenation of sugar solutions containing glucose and/or fructose.
- Erythritol is purified (reduced erythrose, a 4-carbon sugar). It is obtained by fermentation starting from glucose. It is found in fruits such as pears, melons and grapes, as well as foods such as mushrooms and fermentation-derived foods such as wine, soy sauce and cheese.
Plant-based Proteins & Fibres
The Sustainable Future
The European starch industry processes primarily EU-grown maize, wheat and starch potatoes as well as peas, rice and barley, and valorises all the components of the raw materials, to produce a broad range of innovative and traditional products and ingredients, but also fibres and plant-based proteins with a wide scope of functionalities and uses.
In the food market, innovative applications include bakery and specialised nutrition for example in sport nutrition, food for the elderly, plant-based drinks, meat alternatives, hospitals' clinical diets.
In the specialised feed markets, proteins from the starch industry are used for example in salmon rations, but also in pet foods and calf milk replacements.
Other outlets include animal feed for cattle, pig and poultry feed, for the production of milk, meat, or eggs.
Depending on the raw materials, proteins have specific qualities and uses:
Maize proteins are developed in animal nutrition in 2 forms:
purified maize protein or maize gluten
with draffs as maize gluten feed
wheat gluten (wheat protein purified) is used:
- or approximately 20% in animal nutrition
and for 80% in human nutrition
proteins of potato are developed in animal nutrition in 2 forms:
- purified proteins
- pulps enriched in proteins
Wheat gluten and human consumption:
Rehydrated gently, vital wheat gluten has the capacity to form a continuous extensible and airtight elastic network. It is the only protein with this property, which is called visco-elasticity.
If a flour does not contain enough gluten, the bread breaks down, has little volume, and its crumb is irregular. Millers use either wheat, rich in proteins, or directly gluten in order to improve the quality of baking of flour.
Thanks to its properties of visco-elasticity and binding, gluten also improves resistance in puff and frozen pastries. It ensures good handling, and also cohesion of meat preparations . Wheat proteins offer high nutritional value , and can be used either as a basic ingredient, or combined with other vegetable proteins. A pure and concentrated source of proteins, they form a perfect substrate for hydrolysis in the preparation of soya sauces and vegetable protein hydrolysates.
90% of gluten is used in applications which traditionally employed wheat flour.
Proteins and animal nutrition:
The proteins coming from the starch industry are purified and standardised proteins. They are vegetable proteins with each one having particular characteristics. Thus they are useful, in addition to their nutritional properties, for particular applications within animal nutrition.
Thanks to their good nutritional balance resulting from an excellent distribution of the amino acids, potato proteins are part of the composition of high added value food, intended for calves ( milk substitute), or for piglets.
The specific richness of maize proteins in yellow pigments makes them highly interesting in certain food products (influence on the colour of eggs). They are also increasingly used in dry food for dogs and cats.
Wheat gluten is used both for its nutritional properties (higher digestibility) and as a binder, for the cohesion which it gives particularly in aquatic feed or in meat analogues for pets food.
Hydrolysed protein is used as the first choice source of protein in food for calves and piglets.
To learn more about the plant-based proteins from the European starch industry, take a look at our dedicated product factsheet by clicking on the image below:


text:
www.bungie.net | halo.bungie.net | bungiestore.com
Every Wednesday, we challenge a group of fans, media or hot babes to a three game Halo 2 tournament. They choose the maps and the rules, and we take them on. We'll display the results and await your challenges. This week, it was
The Frag Dolls!
It was prom night. We drove up to the pretty white house, with the expanse of lawn and the powder-blue shutters. Warm light spilled from the windows, frosting the shadowed hydrangeas with a sulfur-yellow glow. We fluffed the ruffles of our shirt, straightened our bow tie and smoothed the wrinkles in our periwinkle tuxedo.
This was to be the most nerve-wracking night of our lives. We had a date for the prom, and our date was planning to stab us. Our date was with the
Frag Dolls
. And death.
If you don't know who the
Frag Dolls
are, then you are currently suffering a hotness deficiency. You can read all about them at
, where you'll quickly learn that their good looks are an incidental bonus to their gameplaying abilities. They really are very good, as we were soon to discover.
We first encountered the Frag Dolls at the Penny Arcade PAX event, where they made a respectable showing on the E3 Zanzibar demo. It was obvious. Attractive, talented gamers versus attractive, talented gamers. It was
Frag Dolls
versus the newest gaming phenomenon:
The Bungie Frag Doodz
You can find out more about the
Frag Doodz
here, at their
official web page
That meant that the crews were:
The Frag Dolls
The Frag Doodz
The Frag Doodz of course took turns playing against these delicious ladeez of the fight.
Team Slayer
Game Stats
Lockout, regular rules, standard weapons
Game Duration:
General Tone of Game :
Before the game even began, the sexist smack-talking began. Surprisingly, much of it by the Frag Dolls. They talk the talk. We were about to find out if they could walk the walk. We knew they had been practicing, because they kept delaying the start of the first game so they could get in another session. This cooperation would come back to haunt us later, but not right now.
Things got off to the start we'd expected. We started pretty evenly, but began to draw out a lead using our typical arsenal of swords and pistol combos. I wish, in a way, that there was a way to track humping stats. I believe, but I can't be sure, that there was slightly more humping than usual. And not just by us.
Now, pistol combos are smart, and it turns out that the Frag Dolls are well aware of this. There was a shocking amount of pistol--blam!-ery going on, and this alerted us immediately that these Dolls were no Barbies. There was also clumping.
Now, call it sorority bonding; we call it women-trouble. Our brave boys discovered that charging blindly into a room filled with Frag Dolls is about as effective as making tea with a chocolate kettle. Their clumpiness started to reap rewards, and as the game progressed, they started to figure out the typical Bungie patterns. They were like some evil AI, learning on the fly. We won the first game handily, but a creepy sensation left us all a little tingly. Nervous, even.
OK, so if you look at the stats, you'll see that it looks like Jinx was an extra player; she left 12 seconds in to even out the teams and had no effect on the scoring.
Final score:
50-26 Bungie wins.
Team Slayer
Game Stats
Ivory Tower, Standard Weapons
Game Duration:
Spankings Frag Doodz took:
So, ahem. We do have one (of many) embarrassing admission(s) to make. The Frag Dolls had so piqued our interest that for the first time in the brief history of the Humpday Challenges, we were massively oversubscribed. Whoing! Whoing! went my Xbox Live messages as requests to join the party arrived, one on top of another. Mat, our tools programmer (or Katamari Noguchi as he is now known, thanks to his appalling desk) sent me seven requests. Seven!
Was it because the Frag Dolls are hot? Leading political scientists agree that yes, it was because they were hot. But now we found out the Frag Dolls despicable secret: they cooperate. Almost from the beginning of this Team Slayer match, they dominated. Clumping together in sensibly powerful groups, venturing out only to get choice weapons like the rocket launcher and the sword, and using pistol combos like they invented 'em. Jerks.
As always, we used the old "split up and run around in a panic, bumping into stuff" strategy. It worked poorly. We were losing. Hearing that voice intone "You have lost the lead," was like hearing a death knell. But we channeled our humiliation into black rage and slowly started to creep back.
Instead of actually communicating and cooperating, we gibbered incessantly useful phrases like, "Ow! My beautiful face!" and, "Holy crap, they've got rockets." But by simply avoiding their lower corridor trap, we eventually caught up, and with one final grenade toss crossed the threshold and won the game. By a single kill. Just before Halo 2 dumped us back in the lobby, a shrill Frag Doll was heard to complain, "OK, who died!?"
Final Score:
50-49. Bungie wins. Narrowly.
Team Slayer (surprise!)
Game Stats
Ascension, regular rules, standard weapons
Game Duration:
Hearts Broken :
4 (sigh!)
Another close game, and we swapped in the darkly mysterious Shunji, also known as Mat Noguchi, since his seventh message touched our hearts. "Let me play and I will make Sgt. Johnson a playable character," he said, knowing full well that was just crazy talk.
As before, the Dolls got off to a quick start, asserting their authority with Rocket Launcher and pistol combos. As before, our brave boys ran around bumping into each other like heavily armored Stooges. "Why I oughta!" threatened Anim8rJB, unthreateningly.
Strangely enough, and probably fatally, the Frag Dolls ignored the Plasma Pistol, which makes for some very frightening long-range antics combined with (or rather, swapped with) the Battle Rifle. Charge it, then switch to rifle and finish unshielded chump with Battle Rifle headshots. It's horrible but effective.
The Dolls again decided wisely to stick together and watch us run somewhat spastically towards them, guns blazing, while they calmly picked us off with multiple weapons. Our main source of respite was respawn points. When they did die, they were often picked off as they cleverly tried to rejoin their group.
As you can see, the Dolls tried to hold the positions between the sniper ramp and the main tower, giving them good access to the sniper rifle, the human pistol and the shotgun. Strangely for an Ascension game, basically nobody died in the center dish. Normally that's death central.
But in the end, we eked out a close-fought victory, probably thanks to months of practice on that map, rather than any demonstration of real skill on our part. We got the feeling the Dolls might well have owned us under even slightly different circumstances.
Final Score:
50-45. Bungie wins, but in a very real way, decency loses.
Next Challenge:
The challenge lined up for next Wednesday promises to be much less hawt than this one was, but perhaps more bloody. Who's to say? Until then, make sure to check out as much sexalicious, bootymongous
Frag Doodz
as you can handle.
Sorry about Ske7ch's new game type. It was the only color the showers could have been.
Halo 2 (Xbox)
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Comm Chatter
Posted by urk at
ScrewAttack shows us some love.
If you're not familiar with what ScrewAttack does, it's about time you got acclimated. And what better way to introduce yourself than with a video where they sing our praises? Bam!
Cover your ears if you aren't into naughty language. Thanks to HBO for pointing us in the right direction.
Tags: Halo 2 (Xbox)
Posted by urk at
I Hardly Knew Thee...
Forward Unto Dawn is taking a look back at Halo 2 with a fresh perspective. Get your own eyes on at the jump below. Thanks to HBO for the heads up (and the bandwidth).
I Hardly Knew Thee...
Posted by urk at
There are those who said this day would never come...
Read Full Top Story
Posted by urk at
Halo 2 is still going strong!
Looks like the Xbox LIVE team has yet to flip the switch. Halo 2 is still online and operational. If you're looking to get some last minute games in, now's the time - there's no telling when it's going down!
Posted by urk at
Goodbye to you.
"This is the amazing Walshy's second montage on youtube. No description needed, but I'll give one anyway. Walshy is an amazing Halo 2 player, and is on one of the best teams, Final Boss, with players like him, Ogre 1, Ogre 2, and Strongside. This montage is a very honest montage with great editing and gameplay. Many snipes, sticks, multikills, and no scopes etc. I hope you enjoy it and leave a comment for me to read!?"
YouTube - Walshy - 2nd Halo 2 Montage
Help us achieve World Domination.
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Insight into building games the Bungie way.
Juicy gossip from or about the Bungie Community.
You've got questions. We've got answers.
© 2020 Bungie, Inc. All rights reserved.


text:
Troubling the Teaching and Learning of Gender and Sexuality Diversity in South African Education
Authors: Francis, Dennis A.Free Preview
- Presents original research with LGB youth in a developing country context
- Focuses on the teaching and learning of sexuality education in South African schools
- Initiates a wider discussion about the future of teaching gender and sexuality diversity
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- About this book
In this book, Francis highlights the tension between inclusion and sexual orientation, using this tension as an entry to explore how LGB youth experience schooling. Drawing on research with teachers and LGB youth, this book troubles the teaching and learning of sexuality diversity and, by doing so, provides a critical exploration and analysis of how curriculum, pedagogy, and policy reproduces compulsory heterosexuality in schools. The book makes visible the challenges of teaching sexuality diversity in South African schools while highlighting its potential for rethinking conceptions of the social and cultural representations thereof. Francis links questions of policy and practice to wider issues of society, sexuality, social justice and highlights its implications for teaching and learning. The author encourages policy makers, teachers, and scholars of sexualities and education to develop further questions and informed action to challenge heteronormativity and heterosexism.
- About the authors
Dennis A. Francis is a former Dean of Education and currently Professor of Sociology at Stellenbosch University, South Africa. He has published extensively in the areas of gender and sexuality diversity and schooling.
- Reviews
"Given the accessible language usage and clear layout, Francis' book is a welcome contribution to studies on sexual diversity in education contexts. It provides established scholars, students, and novice researchers with a critically engaged and insider's exploration and demarcation of the challenges and possibilities for LGB youth in South African schools through a critical pedagogic approach to the schools' curricula." (Jacques Rothmann, Journal of LGBT Youth, November, 2017)
"The book Troubling the Teaching and Learning of Gender and Sexuality Diversity in South African Education comes at a critical time in the South African context … . This book is intended for a wide audience, including educators; school administrators; education department officials; those in teacher education; gender and sexuality scholars, researchers and graduate students; or individuals working with LGBTQ nonprofit organizations." (Percy Mdunge, Journal of Homosexuality, September, 2018)
"This is a thought-provoking, compelling, and pioneering book that unpacks the insidious ways in which heteronormativity shapes schooling in South Africa. It offers new, critical insights on the teaching and learning of gender and sexual diversity in schools, with compelling narratives from LGBT youth and South African Life Orientation teachers. This contribution is timely, disruptive, and important, with crucial implications for policy, curriculum, pedagogy, and teaching. Undoubtedly, this book will be referenced for years to come." (Thabo Msibi, Associate Professor of Curriculum and Education Studies, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa)
"We have much to learn from teachers and students whose troubling interventions embody both creativity and courageousness against gender and sexuality-based oppressions in South African schools. The local contingencies of injustice have global implications for anti-oppressive change, as revealed by this important, timely, and moving new book. The stories will draw you in, and the analysis will call you to action--read your copy today." (Kevin Kumashiro, Dean and Professor of Education, University of San Francisco, USA, and author of "Troubling Education: Queer Activism and Antioppressive Pedagogy")
"This reminds us of three important truisms that we often overlook: while law is a necessary guarantee for human rights, it has never been a panacea to social inequalities. Such inequalities need to be tackled by direct political action. Secondly, people's attitudes often take decades to catch up with progressive laws, implying that the passing of such legislation is not the end point of the struggle but only its beginning. Lastly, an oppressed people will always rise, no matter what. The book is a triumph of hope rather than a history of defeatism." (Sylvia Tamale, Professor of Law, Makerere University, Uganda, and editor of "African Sexualities")
"Francis shows how systemic heterosexism operates in schools and classrooms in South Africa, a country with one of the most progressive constitutional protections of LGBT rights in the world. This book is not about bad teachers, unruly children, or uncaring parents, and it doesn´t provide simplistic answers, but rather analyzes oppression in a way that illustrates the potential for resistance." (Renée DePalma, Assistant Professor of Educational Sciences, University of A Coruña, Spain, and co-author of "Interrogating Heteronormativity in Primary Schools")
- Table of contents (8 chapters)
Pages 3-17
Troubling Anti-Oppressive Education
Pages 19-31
Troubling the Research
Pages 33-54
Troubling the Visibility and Invisibility of Non-Normative Sexualities in Schools
Pages 57-70
Shifting Positions of Inclusion
Pages 71-87
Table of contents (8 chapters)
Buy this book
- eBook $79.99
price for USA
- Digitally watermarked, DRM-free
- Included format: EPUB, PDF
- Immediate eBook download after purchase and usable on all devices
- Bulk discounts available
- Hardcover $99.99
price for USA
- Free shipping for individuals worldwide. Please be advised Covid-19 shipping restrictions apply. Please review prior to ordering
- Usually ready to be dispatched within 3 to 5 business days
- Bulk discounts available
Services for this book
Bibliographic Information
- Bibliographic Information
- Book Title
- Troubling the Teaching and Learning of Gender and Sexuality Diversity in South African Education
- Authors
- Dennis A. Francis
- Series Title
- Queer Studies and Education
- Copyright
- 2017
- Publisher
- Palgrave Macmillan US
- Copyright Holder
- The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s)
- eBook ISBN
- 978-1-137-53027-1
- 10.1057/978-1-137-53027-1
- Hardcover ISBN
- 978-1-137-53026-4
- Edition Number
- 1
- Number of Pages
- Topics


text:
Exercise Physiology
What is Exercise rehab or Exercise Physiology?
Accredited Exercise Physiologists are university qualified health professionals who work towards the prevention and management of musculoskeletal injury, chronic diseases and all round health conditions.
With the use of movement and exercise intervention, Exercise Physiologists assist people who have existing, or are at risk of developing, ongoing medical conditions and injuries, including:
- Obesity
- Diabetes
- Arthritis
- Osteoporosis
- Cancers
- Mental health issues
- Musculoskeletal injuries
- Neuromuscular diseases
- Chronic Pain
- Heart Disease, and much more.
What happens in an Exercise Physiology session?
This depends on your goals, but will generally involve cardio exercise as well as resistance (weight) training. Each exercise program is tailored to the client and is designed to improve their condition and quality of life. As clients improve the exercises will match their progression.
The Exercise Physiologist performs an assessment and sets a strength and conditioning program relative to your functional level. They deal with medical patients through to the weekend warrior and elite athletes.
The comprehensive assessment process takes approximately 1 hour with a review follow up taking 1 hour. This would usually take place a couple of days to a week after your initial appointment, during this time your Accredited Exercise Physiologist will provide you with an exercise program based on your discussions and requirements and take you through a supervised session for completing these exercises.
What should I wear?
Exercises tailored to you and your body will be a part of all sessions. Wear anything that you feel comfortable in while exercising, as well as comfortable shoes (sneakers are ideal).
How much does it cost?
Cost for an Initial Assessment is between $145 – $155 or $200 – $210 depending on the seniority of the clinician and the length of the assessment. Review appointments range between $125 – $135 per hour. Aspire Fitness and Rehabilitation requires payment at the time of consultation. We also have HICAPS available onsite.
Session costs vary, but keep in mind that a GP referral under a Medicare Chronic Disease Management plan entitles you to a Medicare rebate for up to 5 Exercise Physiology sessions.
You may be able to claim a higher rebate than Medicare from your private health fund. In this case, we recommend using these funds first as you it will reduce the costs to you for your initial appointments. You will still be able to use the Medicare rebate for subsequent visits.
Our reception staff will assist you to claim via HICAPS from your private health fund on site or provide you will the appropriate receipt for either Medicare or your Health Fund stating all relevant information for claiming. This receipt will need to be taken into a Medicare or Health Fund centre for you to claim your rebate where relevant.
In essence the Exercise Physiologist is there to facilitate your rehabilitation, strength and conditioning to allow you to return to full function. Our friendly staff will assist you in gaining the most from Medicare and your Health Fund to facilitate a healthier you.
Medicare Chronic Disease Management Plan
Medicare Australia have developed a 'chronic disease management plan' which is set out by your medical practitioner (including general practitioner, but not a specialist or consultant physician). To be eligible for Medicare support you must be referred from a GP to one of our Exercise Physiologists and placed on a Chronic Disease Management Plan. To be eligible for that Plan you must have a chronic disease or injury (an issue longer than 3 – 6 months). Your GP will determine practitioner support for you which may include a maximum of 5 Medicare rebate services per each calendar year for services like Exercise Physiology.
Private Health Insurance
Exercise Physiology services are now recognised by almost all private health funds and substantial rebates are available. We recommend you contact your health fund to ensure you are eligible for Exercise Physiology services dependant on your level of cover.
How do I book an appointment?
For further information about Exercise Physiology or to book an appointment, please book online, contact our team via phone or email, or send us a message on our contact page.
Strength and Conditioning
What is Strength and Conditioning?
At Aspire we are at the forefront of Strength and Conditioning training in the private sector of Brisbane. Our Strength and Conditioning service that is delivered by our expert Accredited Exercise Physiologists offers an innovative and all encompassing approach to sports performance.
We work with athletes of all abilities from the elite to weekend warrior by helping them to build a solid athletic foundation and resilience towards preventing injury.
Our philosophy focuses on developing efficient athletes that can move well, preventing and rehabilitating injury, developing strength and explosive power and improving specific energy system capabilities.
All program are Individually tailored after a comprehensive assessment which ensure each athlete will get the most out of their program
How do I book an appointment?
For further information about Exercise Physiology or to book an appointment, please book online, contact our team via phone or email, or send us a message on our contact page.
Medical Rehabilitation
What is Medical Rehabilitation?
Our medically certified Accredited Exercise Physiologists at Aspire Fitness and Rehabilitation have designed comprehensive rehabilitation programs to assist clients with ongoing medical issues. Programs are based on evidence based research to facilitate and empower patients to achieve a return to functional independence and an improved quality of life.
Patients with medical conditions including, but not exclusive to the following can benefit from involvement in the program.
Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease characterised by deficiency of insulin leading to hyperglycaemia (high blood sugar levels). Insulin insufficiency reduces the body's ability to use glucose as fuel and transport it to muscles, therefore accumulating it in blood. Research has shown that even light to moderate resistance training can have a large impact upon blood glucose control for type 2 diabetics. It promotes uptake of this glucose from the blood to be utilised by exercising muscles. It has a similar physiological effect upon the body as insulin. These benefits not only last for the duration of exercise, but for several hours afterwards. Therefore, regular physical activity is encouraged to help diabetics reduce their blood glucose levels with less reliance upon medication.
Cancer and its treatment affects people in different ways. Exercise Physiologists can help you with your physical rehabilitation by focusing on:
- Restoring your independence
- Preventing other physical or functional problems you may get from inactivity
- Assisting with adjustments from physical changes
- Preparing and assisting you to physically handle day to day activities.
Older Adult
As you get older it is vital that you stay as fit and healthy as possible to help ward off many nasty age related conditions (eg. Osteoporosis, Alzheimers, Diabetes, Cardiac Complications, Loss of Physical Function).
An individually prescribed program is an innovating and fun way to enhance older adult participation in resistance activity at a low to moderate intensity. Our accredited staff are experienced in the field of musculoskeletal rehabilitation chronic disease management, and are passionate about working with older adults. Exercise programs are individually prescribed and are suitable for all individuals, easy to commence and provide variation and progression.
Benefits of Programming in this way include:
- Prevention of age related complications
- Improve bone density/reduce bone loss
- Improved cardio-respiratory fitness
- Increased strength
- Improved balance and stability for falls prevention
- Improved gait pattern
- Improved oxygen delivery
- Reduction in blood glucose
- Weight loss
- Improved blood lipid profile (cholesterol)
- Increase muscle hypertrophy and capilerisation to improve circulation
- Improved sense of sense
- Reduce stress and anxiety levels
- Improve activities of daily living
- Improved quality of life
Cardiac conditions
Our Accredited Exercise Physiologists at Aspire Fitness and Rehabilitation have designed rehabilitation programs to assist clients with ongoing care following a cardiac event. Programs are based on evidence based research to facilitate and empower patients to achieve a return to functional independence and an improved quality of life, through improving fitness, strength and most importantly – confidence. Our Exercise Physiologists have developed comprehensive programs to assist patients in all stages of rehabilitation, with primary focus on fundamental areas to improve cardio-respiratory fitness and reduce the risk of another cardiac event.
Benefits of Programming in this way for any medical condition include:
- Experienced medically certified Exercise Physiologist
- Supervised, medically based programs
- Appropriate for a range of conditions
- Improve fitness and general wellness
- Improved strength and flexibility
- Individual and small group numbers
- Rebates available
How do I book an appointment?
For further information about Exercise Physiology or to book an appointment, please book online, contact our team via phone or email, or send us a message on our contact page.
Aspire Fitness & Rehabilitation know that group classes are the perfect way for you to get your workout and enjoy the social interaction and camaraderie of training with others. Aspire have a variety of group training sessions tailored to meet the needs of a variety of fitness levels and interests on a fully supervised basis. This ensures that you get the maximum benefit out of every group workout.
Our Group Sessions include:
Cardio Circuit
Cardio Circuit training (CCT) is a fantastic way to get fit and healthy while burning your way to a fitter and toned body.
Sessions will be conducted inside or outside and include methods such as circuit style training, high intensity interval training and FARTLEK designed to enhance your cardiovascular capabilities whilst improving your general fitness. Included in these sessions will be the use of treadmills, ergo rowers, Arc Trainer, Ski Erg, bikes, body weight exercises and much more.
Total Body Conditioning
Aspire's Total Body Conditioning sessions are designed to increase muscle strength, endurance and power whilst assisting to improve your flexibility, posture and boosting your metabolism.
You will experience a full body strength workout using a variety of equipment such as free weights, cable machines and total body resistance exercises (TRX).
Cross Train
Cross Training Fitness is a mixture of Cardio and Resistance training using different forms of equipment such as kettlebells, battle ropes, tyres, sledge hammers as well as free weights, cable and cardio machines.
Whether you are aiming to gain strength, improve your cardiovascular capacity or general weight loss Cross Train will help you achieve these goals.
Boxing Classes are an amazing tool in our fitness armoury. Boxing is a fantastic way to get fit and burning through 500-800 calories per session! In a safe but challenging environment you will learn correct boxing technique and apply training methods that give boxers a lean, ripped physique.
At our women's sessions all fitness levels are welcome, but it is just for the girls! Work within your limits while enjoying the fun, competitive edge that's created when everyone pushes themselves a little bit further than they would on their own.
How do I book an appointment?
For further information about Fitness or to book an appointment, please contact our health team via phone or email, or send us a message on our contact page.
Personal Training
Aspire Fitness & Rehabilitation has industry leading personal trainers whose knowledge and experience will get you moving in the right direction.
Our Personal Training services involve an individual assessment process to:
- Establish your fitness goals
- Assess your body composition
- Measure your strengths and weaknesses
- Formulate a tailored program designed to achieve your goals
- Continually reassess and modify your program as improvements are made
How do I book an appointment?
For further information about Personal Training or to book an appointment, please contact our health team via phone or email, or send us a message on our contact page.
Remedial Massage
What is Remedial Massage Therapy?
Remedial Massage therapy is a discipline that uses touch to manipulate the soft tissues of the body with the aim of increasing health and well-being.
Massage involves a manual application of pressure and movement to soft tissues – the skin, muscles, tendon, ligaments, and fascia (membranes surrounding muscles). Massage is believed to increase blood circulation and flow of lymph (fluid from body tissues that flows into the blood stream). Remedial Massage Therapy promotes the flow of blood and lymph, stimulating nerves, conditioning the skin, and stretching and loosening muscles.
Will I benefit from Remedial Massage Therapy?
Massage therapy is ideal for athletes or casual sports people because it frees out tight muscles, helping the body recover in preparation for more sport. Massage can also help you if you have an injury, postural problems, pain associated with tension, following surgery or if you just have a hectic lifestyle.
What techniques are used in Remedial Massage Therapy?
There are dozens of specialised massage techniques in use today. The most common types are:
Sports Massage– uses massage to help the body recover after exercise or to prepare the body before exercise. It focuses on the use of massage to assist training, prevent injury, and treat sports injuries.
Deep Tissue Massage– uses deep finger pressure and slow strokes on long standing tissue tightness in various areas of the body.
Swedish Massage– uses long strokes, kneading and pressing, friction, and drumming hand movements applied to the muscle groups to promote circulation and relaxation. This technique is often used for a full body massage.
Shiatsu / Acupressure Massage– uses pressure at specific points on the body with the Eastern philosophical belief that this will enhance the energy flow through the body and restore balance.
Trigger-point Therapy– uses finger pressure on tight 'knotted' painful areas in muscles called trigger points.
Can Remedial Massage Therapy help me if I am stressed?
As well as a physical effect it can assist to releive tension, Remedial Massage Therapy also has a positive psychological effect. When we are stressed, our breathing becomes more rapid and shallow, our hearts work harder and digestion slows down. Chronic stress can influence a number of illnesses including migraines, depression, and hypertension. Massage therapy can help to relieve tension and counteract the effects of stress on the body.
Can I have Remedial Massage Therapy on my private medical insurance?
Many private health insurance schemes give benefits for Massage Therapy. Reimbursement will depend on the insurer and the plan you have chosen.
How do I book an appointment?
For further information about Remedial Massage or to book an appointment, please contact our health team via phone or email, or send us a message on our contact page.
Physiotherapy at Queensland Sports Medicine Centre
How can Physiotherapy help me?
Physiotherapy aims to identify the cause of your symptoms and the area that is responsible for causing your pain or dysfunction. Once the source has been identified, your first steps to regaining optimal physical function and relieving your symptoms is to receive treatment that corrects the primary cause.
What is the difference between Physiotherapy and Sports Physiotherapy?
Sports Physiotherapists are experienced Physiotherapists who have undertaken further training at a post-graduate university level and completed examinations by the Australian Physiotherapy Association to account for their advanced standing in the profession. Many Sports Physiotherapists also specialise in either a specific region of the body or a particular sport.
Will I need to see anyone else?
At times, several professionals working together towards a common goal can improve your result. Your Physiotherapist may suggest a referral to another discipline if it is likely to assist the resolution of your symptoms. This can be done either within the clinic or with a professional of your choice.
How do I book an appointment?
For further information about Physiotherapy or to book an appointment, please contact our health team via phone or email, or send us a message on our contact page.


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February 2018:
Time to let go! At 358,000 miles and a few more things wrong than I care to invest money in, it was time to let it go! I did get to keep the wheels though! See stamp below.
June 19, 2014: I became the proud owner of a 1990 Audi Coupe Quattro. To my knowledge (at the time), the 3rd lowest mileage in the country with only around 65,000 miles after 24 years.
I did have to "tweak" the car a bit though:
June 29, 2013: Not much to report. The car is running fine (it needed a fuel regulator earlier this year...), the A/C works great (good thing, as it was 102°F today!). Mileage is presently at 331,600+ miles (533,544 kilometers).
May 8: 2012: Three Two One Zero Zero Zero. Yup, today the odometer read 321,000 miles ( 516,489 kilometers). It still runs fine (having had to rebuild the automatic transmission in 2011 sure helped!) and I generally get around 20 mpg around town, maybe 23 - 25 on the highway. Still no blue smoke! At the most recent oil change, the oil level was half-way between the 2 marks on the dipstick after 5,500 miles since the previous oil change, meaning, oil consumption is a paltry 11,000 miles per quart!
April. 21, 2012: The car was one of 50 cars invited to a private car show in Dallas called "Wings & Wheels". While many of the cars present cost more than my house; the car was invited to show people that if you take care of a car, it can last! Adding up the odometer readings on most of the cars present would probably not come close to the 320,600 miles that the car had at that point!
December 31, 2010: The car now has over 500,000 kilometers (310,685.6 miles) on the odometer! See video on YouTube at http://web.archive.org/web/20140125075924/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e0gsC7y8vvI.
November 2010: Only 1,000 miles to go to hit the 1/2 million Kilometer mark (that's 310,686 miles...)
August 2010: Car is generally running fine; now at 307,000 miles (493,963 kilometers) on the odometer! While I really wanted to drive an Audi A3 Sportwagon during a recent trip to Germany, I had to settle for a French car (but it was very nice!); for more details seehttp://audiphilately.webs.com/notaudi.htm.
October 3, 2009 UPDATE: My 1990 Audi 100 reached a milestone today: 300,000 miles on the odometer (that's 482,700 kilometers for the rest of the world) !
Watch a brief video at YouTube about this milestone at:
May 15, 2009 Update: Well, there's now a 2nd Audi in my life; I recently bought a very nice ("like new") 2003 Audi A6 Avant (for those of you that don't know "Audi-speak", that means stationwagon). But for a 6 year-old car with only 43,300 miles on it, it was a great deal ! Unlike my 1990 Audi 100, this car has some 'real' horsepower (and 4-wheel drive helps too!).
(For now, I'm keeping the car stock. I did have the Windows tinted - a requirement here in Texas if you want the interior to stay in good shape.)
(As with all my cars, the 1st order of business was to attach a "CH" sticker to the back. For the significance of that, scroll down a bit...)
(This car has a nicely appointed interior with almost all of the available features. No heated seats though, since that is generally not needed down here in Texas...)
(And of course I couldn't resist and get the car on a stamp....)
Apparently Audi "Avants" are difficult to find here in Texas. Why? According to one of the Audi dealers, people here apparently either want a sedan (A4, A6, A8 models), sporty vehicles (TT, A5 or R8) or a SUV (Q5 or Q7); but station wagons are just not as much in demand. But that's ok with me, since I ended up with a nice one!
The other AUDI in my life is still my 1990 Audi 100 (the basic 138 horsepower, 5-cylinder, front-wheel drive version) which currently has 299,888+ miles on the odometer (as of September 28, 2009) !
The interior is still almost new looking, it is amazing how great the seats look (no tears!) after 18 years and that many miles! The paint job still looks very good (someone even asked me who painted it - I told them it was mostly original paint!) and the car is mechanically sound (here's a hint: "preventative maintenance" - it's a lot cheaper to fix things before they break!). I get about 19 - 22 mpg (or around 10.5 to 11.7 liters / 100 km in case you do the European measurements) around town, and the engine does NOT burn any oil (generally 5,000 miles between oil changes using semi-synthetic 20W50 oil).
I brought the car to Texas from the Pacific Northwest in August, 2004 (after 4 grueling days on the road!); at that point it had about 245,000 miles on the odometer. It's been holding up well to the extreme weather that we have here in the Dallas and north Texas area (especially during the summer where we have many days at or over 100°F!). Luckily the car is kept under a carport most of the time, keeping the intense sun at bay during summer and out of harm of the occasional hailstorms in the spring).
The car has only minor modifications and upgrades, including:
Here is the 1990 Audi 100 as shown on a "personalized" PhotoStamp. These original PhotoStamps (first series) could be ordered on a limited basis from August 10 to September 30, 2004 from stamps.com. The original trial program has ended and the US Postal Service started another 1-year trial program in early 2005 (and which was extended for another year by the US Postal Service in May 2006). At present (in 2008) it would appear that the US personalized stamp program is fairly permanent. In any case, the above stamp will be fairly "rare" since only one sheet of 20 stamps was ordered (the stamp above is #6 from the sheet). According to recent stamp catalogs, this is worth about 10 dollars...
A second company, endicia.com, entered the "personalized postage" market in mid-2005 with a product called "PictureItPostage". Above is an example of one of their stamps (or "personalized postage" as the US Postal Service prefers to call it!).
The "TCS" badge on the grill of the Audi 100 (it has now been moved to the A6 Avant). If you are from Switzerland, you'll recognize that TCS stands for "Touring Club de Suisse" (one of Switzerland's automobile associations, similar to the American Automobile Association - AAA - here in the USA). This badge is made of metal and is no longer given out by the TCS to its members (all you get now is a sticker for your bumper, trunklid or windshield); I'm not sure when they stopped issuing metal badges, but it is probably over 35 years ago! This badge has been on my various cars for the past 27 years! I obtained it from the TCS office in Kreuzlingen (after asking nicely ...) in 1986.
Every vehicle (cars & motorcycles) that I have ever owned, have had (and will continue to have) "CH" stickers on them.
Again, if you're from Europe; Switzerland specifically, you'll recognize that "CH" stands for Switzerland ("why not 'S' you may ask"? ... well, Sweden uses "S", so Switzerland gets to use "CH" - which means "Confederatio Helvetica" - Latin for 'Federation of Helvetia', ie: "Switzerland").
In Europe, if you drive beyond the borders of your country, you are required to have a country identification sticker on your back bumper. Most are easy to decipher: GB - Great Britain, D - Germany (Deutschland), F - France, L - Luxembourg, NL - Netherlands, B - Belgium, DK - Denmark, ES - Spain (Espana), I - Italy, A - Austria and FL - Liechtenstein (Fürstentum Liechtenstein - Grand Duchy of Liechtenstein) to name a few...
Other Audi's that I have owned...
(Acquired new by my father in 1972, I obtained the car in approx. 1980 while in college)
(The car after a few "modifications" during the college years. The car did not survive Michigan salt-encrusted winter roads for more than a couple of years, the "pipe" that you see under the floor-pan is not the exhaust, but a make-shift metal frame made from square tubing that had to be welded in place to strengthen the unibody due to all the rust on the floor). Unfortunately in Michigan, roads are "salted" during the winter, leading to much rust in the lower body panels and floors.
(Yes, that is me in the trunk of my '72 Audi 100LS; the picture was a self-portrait taken for a photography course that I took in college around 1982. ...And I still have that license plate!)
This was the 1st car that I owned (acquired in 1978) while I was in high school. It was replaced by the green 1972 Audi 100LS shown above just a few years later when mechanical problems and Michigan rust got to it; luckily many of the parts from this car also fit on the '72 model!
My 1986 Audi Coupe GT as it looked the day I picked it up from the dealer in December, 1986 (and it still looks that good in 2013... residing with a family member in another state!).
Other Audi's:
While I did not own the 1979 Audi 5000S shown in the PictureItPostage stamp above, I did get to drive it (as it belonged to my father at the time). I took the photo in the summer of 1980 on Molas Pass (at 10,910 feet / 3,325 meters above sea level) in Colorado; coincidentally, I drove past this same spot in 2006 during a vacation in Colorado - 26 years later (although unfortunately, not in an Audi...) !
If you would like to obtain some of the "photostamps" shown above, I still have some of them left, you'll have to go to my other website http://web.archive.org/web/20140125075924/http://photostamps.webs.com/ to see which ones are still available. Remember that most of these stamps were only issued in quantities of 20 or 40.


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This training completes five inspections in one day and meets the minimum requirements of IDFPR for your home inspection license.
Cost: US$ 200.00Fee: $200.00
- Administrator: Corey Friedman
Bring comfortable clothes and a Flashlight.
Dress warm
Plan on the houses that we will be visiting to have the heat and water turned off.
You can bring a digital camera (not required). Print one copy of your field notes from MyReportWriter.com We will be using the computer lab to create two reports.


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Regular price
Shigeki Tanaka is a young and passionate blacksmith, creating new knives and styles that are exciting the market. These knives offer an amazing level of craftsmanship and quality and have superb sharpness and durability.
Knife Type:Deba Knife Steel Type: Silver Steel No.3Blade Type: Single edged bladeBlade Length: 240mmBlade Thickness:3mmBlade Height:28mm Handle Length:135mm Handle Type:Walnut Weight:160g
Do not use the knife to chop hard materials such as bones or frozen items unless the knife is made for that specific purpose. Always ensure you keep your knife clean and dry, and sharpen it as required to prevent a dull edge.
If in doubt, give us a shout
Please read our guidance pages below to help you make the right choice and make the most of the knives you choose:
Steel Types Explained
Knife Types Explained
Care Guidelines for all Knives