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When Jesus Christ was on earth, he called himself the "Son of man". He said, "even as the Son of man came not be ministered to, but to minister, and to give his life a ransom for many." That is the real purpose why He came to receive a physical body.
Through this parable, Christ wants to tell people that any son of man can become the son of God. Christ's sacrifice and love give us hope. This is why I am willing to bear the cross of Jesus. This is why I live and die for the love of God.


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The World of DIY Prosthetics
Prosthetics range from robotic hands to fingers crafted from bike parts.
Oct. 31, 2013 -- intro: With new technology, prosthetics have never been more adaptable or customizable. As a result, more and more people who need prosthetics are turning to DIY methods of creating the perfect prosthetic.
Using nontraditional materials and methods such as 3-D printers and Legos, people have created prosthetics that have gone far beyond the usual unmoving plastic imitation of a leg, arm or hand. Nonprofessionals, including puppeteers and even high school students, have been able to develop specially made prosthetics for a lower cost than the professionally fitted prosthetics.
Photo of Wife Carrying Double-Amputee Husband Goes Viral
Matt Albuquerque, president of Next Step Orthotics and Prosthetics, said he thinks it's great that people have taken to customizing their own prosthetics or adding elements of personal style so that it becomes a piece they want to show off.
"There's so many different options to [make a prosthesis] in such a way that the person is happy about showing it off," said Albuquerque. "I think that it's been wonderful for people who think they had to wear long pants all the time," to hide their prosthesis.
"It really is, 'I am amputee, hear me roar'," said Albuquerque of the new custom specializations.
category: The World of DIY Prosthetics
title: Man Builds Prosthetic Arms Over 8 Years
text: Sun Jifa, a Chinese farmer, spent eight years building the perfect pair of new arms after he lost his in an explosive accident.
Lacking the money to pay for a high-priced pair, Jifa initially had a lower-quality model that didn't work very well. Eventually he decided to craft his own, according to New Tang Dynasty (NTD) Television.
Jifa spent the next eight years working on a pair of bionic steel arms that allow him to pick up utensils and light cigarettes. Unable to do enough work on the farm to make a living, Jifa now survives by selling his lower-priced prosthetics to other amputees.
"By using these hands, I can help the family with chores," Jifa told NTD. "I can do some farm work, I'm not useless. I really feel a weight has lifted. I feel I'm not a freeloader. I can be useful."
media: 20731454
quicklist: 2
category: The World of DIY Prosthetics
title: A Robot Arm Controlled by Brainwaves and Created by Teen
text:At just 17, Easton LaChappelle created a science fair project so advanced it won him a trip to NASA. LaChappelle created a robot prosthetic arm that is entirely controlled by brainwaves via a specially designed helmet.
Quadruple Amputee Scores on Soccer Team
Not only did LaChappelle win second place at the nation's top science fair, the Intel International Science and Engineering Fair, he got to visit the White House, where President Obama inspected the arm himself. Last summer he was given a chance to intern in NASA's Robonaut program, where soon even astronauts will be made of circuits and wires.
media: 20731961
quicklist: 3
category: The World of DIY Prosthetics
title: Amputee Makes Finger From Bike Parts
text:After losing a finger in a shooting accident, Colin Macduff was told by his doctor he would just have to get used to life without all 10 digits. Instead of listening, Macduff decided he would make his own prosthetic finger, from bicycle parts.
To create a replacement middle finger, Macduff, an avid bike rider and former welder, started by cutting into a pair of handle bars at his local bike shop before eventually developing the prototype for his prosthetic finger.
Boston Bombing Amputee Races for Autism
The result was so successful Macduff has made additional figures for customers with similar injuries. Each is custom built during a 10- to 12-week process that starts with the customer's sending copies of their handprints to Macduff.
"When an amputee loses their finger, they're going through an extreme emotional loss," Macduff told ABCNews.com. "This is giving people hope back, functionality. We're putting people back to work."
media: 20731250
quicklist: 4
category: The World of DIY Prosthetics
title: The Incredible Lego Leg
text: Christina Stephens decided to make a new leg out of Legos after her co-worker dared her.
"I liked the idea, because I am very comfortable with my body and like encouraging others to be more comfortable with theirs," she said.
Stephens lost her foot after it was crushed in a car in 2012. She has since documented her life as an amputee on her YouTube channel. The Lego prosthetic may not have been the most functional, but it was definitely attention-getting.
A time lapse video of Stephens creating her new leg has been viewed more than 1.5 million times.
"I like having this extra space below my stump that other people don't have that I can explore," Stephens said. "It makes me feel superhuman."
For Halloween, Stephens made a thematic pumpkin leg. While festive, it was not very practical and started to disintegrate after a few laps in her backyard.
media: 20731264
quicklist: 5
category: The World of DIY Prosthetics
title: A 3-D Printed Prosthetic Hand From A Puppeteer
text:New technology has allowed inventors to use 3-D printers to create everything from a bionic ear to a working gun. A puppeteer was even able to use the technology to create a downloadable blueprint for a prosthetic hand.
Rather than the thousands of dollars it might cost to have a prosthesis fit a new hand, Ivan Owen, special-effects designer and puppeteer, created a downloadable format for the "Robohand" that could be made on any 3-D printer. Owen was inspired after a woman contacted him about making a prosthetic for her son who was missing part of his hand.
The "Robohand" can be created by nearly anyone with the right printer, a few dollars and a free afternoon. Made from a durable plastic that is then cut into specific pieces by the printer and put back together to form the hand, the "Robohand" looks almost like a plastic toy model, something along the lines of a Lego or Erector set.
In Marblehead, Mass., Paul McCarthy made a "Robohand" for his son Leon but said he ended up with a bit of a "Frankenstein" hand initially according to NPR.
But McCarthy said Leon, who was born with no fingers on his left hand, has adapted to the hand and started using it in school .
"I'm able to hold a pencil and piece of paper," Leon told NPR. "I've done a lot more than I ever thought I could, so it's opened up a lot of new doors in my life."
media: 20733208

subset: commoncrawl


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CD4+ T-helper type 1 (Th1) responses are essential for the resolution of a primary Chlamydia trachomatis genital tract infection; however, elements of the immune response that function in resistance to reinfection are poorly understood. Defining the mechanisms of immune resistance to reinfection is important because the elements of protective adaptive immunity are distinguished by immunological memory and high-affinity antigen recognition, both of which are crucial to the development of efficacious vaccines. Using in vivo antibody depletion of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells prior to secondary intravaginal challenge, we identified lymphocyte populations that functioned in resistance to secondary chlamydial infection of the genital tract. Depletion of either CD4+ or CD8+ T cells in immune wild-type C57BL/6 mice had a limited effect on resistance to reinfection. However, depletion of CD4+ T cells, but not CD8+ T cells, in immune B-cell-deficient mice profoundly altered the course of secondary infection. CD4-depleted B-cell-deficient mice were unable to resolve a secondary infection, shed high levels of infectious chlamydiae, and did not resolve the infection until 3 to 4 weeks following the discontinuation of anti-CD4 treatment. These findings substantiated a predominant role for CD4+ T cells in host resistance to chlamydial reinfection of the female genital tract and demonstrated that CD8+ T cells are unnecessary for adaptive immune resistance. More importantly, however, this study establishes a previously unrecognized but very significant role for B cells in resistance to chlamydial reinfection and suggests that B cells and CD4+ T cells may function synergistically in providing immunity in this model of chlamydial infection. Whether CD4+ T cells and B cells function independently or dependently is unknown, but definition of those mechanisms is fundamental to understanding optimum protective immunity and to the development of highly efficacious immunotherapies against chlamydial urogenital infections.
Chlamydia trachomatis is an obligate intracellular bacterial pathogen that infects primarily ocular and urogenital mucosal epithelial cells. Over 400 million individuals worldwide are affected by ocular infection, and an estimated 90 million new cases of sexually transmitted chlamydial disease occur yearly. A variety of cellular and humoral immune responses are elicited following human and experimental animal chlamydial infections, but the precise roles of those immune responses in the resolution of chlamydial infection and protection from reinfection remain obscure.
Cell-mediated immune responses play a dominant role in the resolution of chlamydial genital tract infection. The use of adoptive transfer and monoclonal antibody-mediated in vivo depletion have clearly identified CD4+ T cells as a population of cells required for the resolution of genital tract infection in experimental models of chlamydial infection (21, 43). The pattern of cytokines produced by polyclonal populations of protective T cells and protective T-cell clones is consistent with Th1-type cells (15, 25, 29, 43). Lymphocytes isolated from the chlamydia-infected genital tract and homogenates of chlamydia-infected genital tract tissue demonstrate the predominance of Th1-type cytokine and mRNA, respectively (3, 31, 53). Furthermore, anticytokine antibodies that diminish Th2-type responses are beneficial and those that inhibit Th1-type responses are more detrimental (28).
Some of the more definitive studies regarding the contribution of various cell populations and cytokines in resolving a primary chlamydial infection have been those that have used specific gene knockout mice. Those genetic deletions that have a detrimental effect on the ability of the host to resolve a primary infection include strains of mice that lack major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules, T-cell receptor αβ (TCRαβ), or gamma interferon (IFN-γ) (8, 24, 28). Many other strains of gene knockout mice have been used, including those that affect Th1 and Th2 cytokines and the development of CD8+ cytotoxic T cells (14, 24, 28-30, 32), but none interfere with the development of protective immunity to the level of either MHC class II, TCRαβ, or IFN-γ gene knockout mice.
The importance of MHC class I-restricted cytotoxic CD8+ T cells in protective immunity to chlamydial infection is equivocal because of the discrepancy between the results of in vitro and in vivo studies. For example, in vitro cytotoxicity of chlamydia-infected target cells by CD8+ T cells obtained following both human and experimental animal models of chlamydial infection has been demonstrated (1, 19, 36, 38-40). The importance of those cells in resolving a chlamydial infection or protecting against reinfection, however, is much less certain. Some studies show that immune CD8+ T-cell populations are unable to confer any measurable protection (43), while others demonstrate a very limited protective effect (13, 40). The protection conferred by CD8+ T cells in vivo has been attributed to the production of the chlamydia-inhibitory cytokine IFN-γ rather than cytolysis (13, 20). Differences between the in vitro studies that demonstrated that CD8+ T cells are cytotoxic for chlamydia-infected cells (1, 19, 20, 36, 39, 40) and in vivo studies that failed to demonstrate a convincing role for those cells in protective immunity to chlamydial infection (13, 40, 43) have not been reconciled.
The role of specific antibody in murine and human chlamydial infections has evolved from being the focus of immune protection and vaccine development (2, 11, 26, 44, 47, 57, 58) to being unimportant or having a very subordinate role in protective immunity (16, 17, 45). The discovery of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies to chlamydiae increased interest in the potential role of antibody in protective immunity (57, 58), but interest waned when in vivo studies met with limited success (6, 26, 27, 44). Since then, little attention has been given to a possible role for antibody in protection from chlamydial infection. Arguments against a protective role for antibodies are numerous but generally include the following: (i) the obligate intracellular lifestyle of chlamydiae makes them inaccessible to antibodies, (ii) vaccines or vaccination regimens that elicit high titers of antibody are not protective, and (iii) cell-mediated immunity (CMI) protects. Interest has been recently renewed, however, with the findings that antibody-deficient animals are more susceptible to reinfection than antibody-positive animals (45, 54) and that antibody or B cells may contribute to protective immunity to other intracellular bacterial infections (5, 9, 10, 22, 52, 56). Moreover, it is known that specific antibody plays a substantive role in immunity in the guinea pig model of genital tract infection (33-35).
The use of gene knockout mice, the adoptive transfer of immune lymphocytes, and the manipulation of mice with specific antiantibodies (i.e., anti-CD4, -CD8, -cytokine, etc.) prior to primary infection are approaches currently used to evaluate the in vivo role of lymphocyte subpopulations in host resistance to infectious agents (12). All of those approaches have been used in the study of immunity to primary C. trachomatis infection and have advanced our understanding of the elements of the host's immune response that are needed for the development of adaptive immunity to chlamydial genital tract infection. However, studies that use those in vivo methods to investigate the contribution of lymphocyte populations to resistance to reinfection have not been forthcoming. In this study, we began to decipher the elements of the host immune response that contribute to adaptive immunity to secondary C. trachomatis genital tract infection. Our results suggest that B cells and CD4+ T cells, but not CD8+ T cells, are important elements of resistance to reinfection.
Mice.Female wild-type C57BL/6 (B6) mice were purchased from the National Cancer Institute (Bethesda, Md.) and maintained in the Animal Resources Center at Montana State University. B-cell-deficient (μMT) mice on a B6 genetic background (B6-Igh-6>tm1Cgn) were purchased from Jackson Laboratories (Bar Harbor, Maine) and bred and maintained in the Animal Resources Center at Montana State University. Female mice 8 to 15 weeks old were used throughout this study.
Bacterial growth, purification, and enumeration.The mouse pneumonitis (MoPn) biovar of C. trachomatis was grown in HeLa 229 cells and purified by discontinuous density gradient centrifugation, and the infectivity titer was determined on HeLa cell monolayers as previously described (4, 24).
In vivo depletion.Hybridomas secreting monoclonal antibodies used for the in vivo depletion of T-cell subpopulations were clones GK1.5 (anti-CD4) and 2.43 (anti-CD8). Hybridomas were purchased from the American Type Culture Collection and grown in serum-free medium, and antibodies were concentrated and purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation. Purified rat immunoglobulin G (IgG) (Sigma, St. Louis, Mo.) was used as an irrelevant antibody control for in vivo depletion experiments.
In vivo depletion of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells was accomplished by injecting groups of mice intraperitoneally (i.p.) with 0.5 mg of either anti-CD4 or anti-CD8 monoclonal antibody for 3 consecutive days, followed by injections every third day, with the final injection being administered at 23 days. Therefore, mice were injected with antibody on days 50, 51, 52, 55, 58, 61, 64, 67, 70, and 73 post-primary infection. Throughout the course of each experiment, each animal received a total of 5 mg of antibody. Groups of control mice were injected i.p. with either 0.5 mg of purified rat Ig or 0.5 ml of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS; 10 mM phosphate, 0.13 M NaCl, pH 7.4) following the same injection schedule. Depletion of specific lymphocyte subsets was monitored as described below.
Genital tract infection and enumeration of chlamydiae.To evaluate the effect of the in vivo depletion of T-cell subpopulations on the ability of immune mice to resist a secondary infectious challenge, immune mice were depleted of either CD4+ or CD8+ T cells and rechallenged with infectious chlamydiae and the course of infection was monitored as previously described (24). The experimental design described below was used for both B6 and B-cell-deficient mice. Forty mice (B6 or B-cell-deficient) were injected subcutaneously with 2.5 mg of Depo-Provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) 5 days prior to intravaginal inoculation of 5 × 104 inclusion forming units (IFU) of C. trachomatis, an inoculum equivalent to 100 50% infectious doses (ID50). The course of infection was monitored in groups of five mice by enumerating the number of IFU recovered from cervicovaginal swabs using indirect immunofluorescence (24). Fifty days following primary infection, a time at which mice had resolved the infection and had acquired a level of resistance to reinfection (45), four groups of immune mice consisting of 10 mice each were treated with either anti-CD4, anti-CD8, rat Ig, or 10 mM PBS (pH 7.2) as described above. Five days prior to a secondary challenge, mice were treated with Depo-Provera as described above. At 56 days following the primary infection, mice were rechallenged vaginally with 100 ID50 of C. trachomatis MoPn and the course of this secondary infection was monitored by enumerating infectious chlamydiae from cervicovaginal swabs (24). Also, at the time of the secondary infectious challenge, a group of 10 naive mice were infected; these served as naive control animals for the secondary challenge. Each group of 10 mice was further divided as follows. Five mice were used to monitor the course of infection (vaginal cultures), and three and two mice were sacrificed on days 3 and 7 following the secondary challenge, respectively. Their genital tracts were removed for immunohistochemical staining (see below), and the spleens were removed for lymphocyte cultures (see cytokines below) and for enumeration of T-cell subpopulations.
Immunohistochemistry.Immunohistochemistry was used to monitor in vivo depletion of lymphocyte subsets (25). Blood, splenocytes, and genital tract tissue were collected at the indicated times and processed as described below for immunohistological staining. Thin smears of blood and splenocytes were prepared on Superfrost slides (Fisher Scientific, Santa Clara, Calif.), air dried, fixed in acetone for 5 min, and then rehydrated in PBS. Genital tracts were removed, placed in OCT embedding medium (Tissue-Tek, Sakura Finetek, Torrance, Calif.), and snap frozen in dry-ice-cooled 2-methylbutane. Cryostat sections, 5 μm thick, were placed onto Superfrost slides, air dried, fixed in acetone for 5 min at room temperature, and then rehydrated in PBS. Slides containing blood smears, splenocytes, or genital tract tissue were subsequently processed and stained at room temperature as follows. Endogenous peroxidase activity was blocked by incubating the tissues in Peroxo-Block (Zymed Laboratories, San Francisco, Calif.) for 40 s. Slides were washed in PBS for 5 min and blocked with avidin-biotin containing 5% normal goat serum (Vector Laboratories, Burlingame, Calif.) following the manufacturer's protocol. Following a 5-min rinse with PBS, slides were incubated for 1 h with anti-CD4 (clone RM4-5), anti-CD8 (clone 53-6.7), or control (rat IgG2a, clone R35-95) monoclonal antibodies (Pharmingen, San Diego, Calif.) diluted 1/500 in Hank balanced salt solution containing 1% normal goat serum, corresponding to the species from which the secondary antibody was derived. Slides were rinsed in PBS for 5 min and then incubated for 30 min with biotinylated goat anti-rat IgG secondary antibody diluted in Hanks balanced salt solution with 1% normal goat serum. Slides were rinsed with PBS, incubated with Vectastain ABC complex (Vector Laboratories) for 30 min, and washed with PBS, and color was developed by adding 3,3′-diaminobenzidine (Vector Laboratories) substrate. Sections were then counterstained with hematoxylin, rinsed with distilled water, cleared with xylene, and mounted with Permount (Fisher Scientific).
Cytokine production by immune splenocytes.Chlamydia-specific cytokine responses of splenocyte cultures were assayed as previously described (46). Briefly, 107 splenocytes, pooled from two or three mice, were mixed with 4 × 107 heat-killed (56°C, 30 min) MoPn elementary bodies (EBs) at 37°C for 90 min and then added to 24-well tissue culture plates and incubated for 72 h at 37°C. Supernatants were then collected and analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (OptEIA; Pharmingen) for interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-10, IL-12, and IFN-γ following the manufacturer's instructions.
Statistical analysis.Student's t test of log-transformed data was used to analyze differences between IFU counts of control and experimental groups and to determine differences between cytokine responses.
Duration of in vivo depletion.To evaluate the importance of immune CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in resistance to secondary chlamydial infection, it would be necessary to maintain the depletion of T-cell subsets for the duration of a typical infection (3 to 4 weeks). To determine the extent and duration of depletion following our treatment schedule, four groups of three mice each were treated with either anti-CD4, anti-CD8, rat Ig, or PBS as described in Materials and Methods. At weekly intervals, mice were bled and the percentages of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were determined by immunoperoxidase staining (Table1). Mice treated with anti-CD4 antibody were depleted of peripheral blood CD4+ T cells throughout the duration of the antibody treatment (23 days), and the level of CD4+ T cells in peripheral blood did not return to normal until ∼2 to 3 weeks following the final injection. Similarly, anti-CD8 treatment effectively eliminated CD8+ T cells from the peripheral blood throughout the duration of antibody treatment but CD8+ T-cell levels remained diminished even at 36 days following the last injection. Mice treated with either rat Ig or PBS consistently had normal levels of CD4+ and CD8+T cells (19 and 12%, respectively) in the peripheral blood. Thus, using the schedule of antibody injections described, we could effectively maintain depletion of CD4+ and CD8+T-cell subsets for at least 4 to 5 weeks.
Secondary chlamydial genital tract infection in CD4-depleted or CD8-depleted wild-type B6 mice.Previous studies have shown that adaptive immunity to chlamydial genital tract infection develops in B6 mice following the resolution of primary infection and that CD4+ T cells and Th1-type cytokines are important in that response (28, 46). The protective response is characterized by a >4- to 5-log10 reduction in chlamydial shedding and an infection of much shortened duration (24, 45). To begin to identify the cell populations involved in host immunity to reinfection, we analyzed the effect of eliminating subpopulations of immune CD4+ and CD8+ T cells on the outcome of a secondary chlamydial infection (Fig.1). Genital tract inoculation of naive B6 mice with C. trachomatis MoPn resulted in a self-limiting infection that resolved by approximately 4 weeks. Following resolution of the primary infection, a significant level of protective immunity to a secondary infection developed, as shown by decreased shedding of chlamydiae (>5 log10) and an infection of much shorter duration (Fig. 1, PBS treated). Treatment of immune mice with either rat Ig or anti-CD8 antibody had a minimal effect on the resolution of a secondary infection. Secondary infections of both rat Ig- and anti-CD8-treated groups of immune mice resolved by 10 to 14 days postchallenge and were characterized by the shedding of 3.5 to 4 log10 fewer chlamydiae at all of the times analyzed. The depletion of CD4+ T cells had a limited effect on protective immunity. A secondary challenge of CD4-depleted immune mice produced an infection that took longer to resolve than a secondary infection in other treatment groups. However, most of the anti-CD4-treated mice resolved the secondary infection by 2 weeks postchallenge (only one of five mice remained culture positive for >2 weeks). CD4-depleted infected mice shed higher numbers of chlamydiae than other treatment groups but significantly fewer organisms than noted during primary infection (>2 log10 fewer). Both CD4-depleted and CD8-depleted groups of mice resolved the infection despite continued depletion of the CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell subpopulations, respectively (Table 1). Thus, depletion of CD4+, but not CD8+, immune T cells affects the course of a secondary infection but does not compromise the ability of animals to resolve a secondary infection.
Secondary chlamydial genital tract infection in CD4-depleted or CD8-depleted B-cell-deficient mice.B6 mice resolved their infections despite depletion of CD4+ or CD8+ T cells. We reasoned that immune B cells may have contributed to the protection of T-cell-depleted animals. To assess the contribution of B cells to immunity to reinfection, the course of a secondary genital tract infection was evaluated in CD4+ T-cell-depleted or CD8+ T-cell-depleted B-cell-deficient mice. Primary chlamydial genital tract infection of B-cell-deficient mice resulted in a self-limiting infection that resolved within 5 weeks (Fig.2), and the level of chlamydial shedding was not significantly different from that of wild-type B6 mice (Fig.1). As noted previously (45), B-cell-deficient mice were more susceptible to reinfection (Fig. 2, PBS treated) than wild-type B6 mice (Fig. 1, PBS treated). However, B-cell-deficient mice developed a level of protective immunity following primary infection, as indicated by the shortened duration of the secondary infection. Depletion of CD8+ T cells in immune B-cell-deficient mice had no significant effect on the course of a secondary infection (Fig. 2), whereas depletion of CD4+ T cells resulted in a much prolonged course of a secondary infection that did not resolve until 4 weeks following the discontinuation of anti-CD4 treatment (Fig. 2, anti-CD4 treated). CD4-depleted immune B-cell-deficient mice continued to shed high numbers of chlamydiae (∼106 IFU) throughout anti-CD4 treatment and for 3 weeks after discontinuation of antibody treatment. Resolution of the infection in those mice coincided with the return of CD4+ T cells (Table 1). The shedding of such high numbers of chlamydiae during the duration of anti-CD4 treatment was very reminiscent of the type of infection that is seen in MHC class II and TCRαβ strains of gene knockout mice (24, 28). Our results argue that immune B cells and CD4+ T cells, functioning dependently or independently, play important roles in adaptive immunity to chlamydial genital tract infection and that immune CD8+ T cells are inconsequential.
In vivo depletion of T-cell subpopulations in chlamydia-infected wild-type B6 mice and B-cell-deficient mice.We demonstrated that peripheral blood CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell populations could be depleted for at least 4 weeks in naive, noninfected mice (Table 1). However, because CD4-depleted and CD8-depleted B6 mice and CD8-depleted B-cell-deficient mice resolved a secondary chlamydial genital tract infection, it was necessary to confirm that those groups of mice resolved the infection in the absence of the indicated cell population. To confirm the depletion of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, peripheral blood, splenocytes, and genital tract tissue taken from groups of mice at various times following a secondary infectious challenge were analyzed. Analysis of peripheral blood and splenocyte cell populations from B6 and B-cell-deficient mice following a secondary infection demonstrated effective depletion of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells (Table 2). In addition, during the course of a secondary infection, genital tract tissue from groups of anti-CD4-, anti-CD8-, or PBS-treated mice were analyzed by immunohistochemistry for CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Anti-CD4 and anti-CD8 treatment of B6 and B-cell-deficient mice during a secondary infection effectively depleted genital tract tissue of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, respectively (Fig.3 and 4). CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells were found scattered throughout the mucosal epithelium and submucosa of PBS-treated mice, and CD4+ T cells tended to form perivascular clusters. CD4+ T cells were not observed in genital tract tissue of anti-CD4-treated mice, and only a rare CD8+ T cell was observed in genital tract tissue of anti-CD8-treated B6 mice (Fig. 3). A similar pattern of localization and depletion of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells was found in B-cell-deficient mice (Fig. 4). Therefore, the resolution of a secondary infection in either anti-CD4-treated or anti-CD8-treated B6 mice or in anti-CD8-treated B-cell-deficient mice was not attributable to ineffective depletion of specific cell populations.
Perturbations in the splenic cytokine response of CD4- or CD8-depleted B6 and B-cell-deficient mice.Cytokines have been shown to play an important role in the development of adaptive immunity to chlamydial genital tract infection (8, 28). To identify changes in the chlamydia-specific cytokine response of immune mice depleted of either CD4+ or CD8+ T cells, splenic lymphocytes were cultured in the presence of heat-killed chlamydiae and specific cytokine production was evaluated by analyzing culture supernatants by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Fig.5). Compared to splenocytes from PBS-treated B6 mice, splenocytes from rat Ig-treated mice produced increased amounts of IFN-γ and IL-4 and decreased amounts of IL-10. Anti-CD4 treatment diminished the IFN-γ and IL-10 responses but not the IL-4 response. Anti-CD8 treatment resulted in increased production of IFN-γ, IL-4, and IL-10. Splenocytes from PBS-treated, immune, B-cell-deficient mice produced very high levels of IL-4, and treatment with anti-CD4 nearly abolished the IL-4 response and anti-CD8 treatment reduced the response. Anti-CD4 treatment of B-cell-deficient mice diminished the IL-10 response, whereas anti-CD8 was minimally enhancing. Splenocytes from PBS-treated B-cell-deficient mice produced less IFN-γ than did those of B6 mice, and IFN-γ production was only minimally affected by anti-CD4 or anti-CD8 treatment. IL-12 was not detected in any of the lymphocyte cultures (data not shown). This analysis demonstrates alterations in the in vitro cytokine response of treated animals, but it does not specifically address the importance of those alterations in adaptive immunity. Additional studies are necessary to determine if the alterations in the cytokine responses merely reflect the in vivo depletion of specific cell populations or whether the alterations contribute directly to the observed changes in adaptive immunity.
Gene knockout mice have proven valuable in the identification of immunological mediators and cellular responses necessary for the development of protective immunity to chlamydial infection in naive mice (8, 14, 16, 24, 28-30, 32). An equally important but as yet unanswered question regarding protective immunity to chlamydial infection is the contribution of specific cell populations and immunological mediators in adaptive immune resistance to a secondary infectious challenge. Animal models clearly establish that marked resistance to reinfection develops following the resolution of a primary infection (24, 45). Since vaccination is a reasonable approach for the prevention of chlamydial urogenital infections, it is of fundamental importance that the cellular and humoral mediators of acquired resistance to reinfection be identified. In this study, we addressed the role of T cells and B cells in resistance to a secondary infection by manipulating the immune response of wild-type and B-cell gene knockout mice prior to a secondary infectious challenge. Our data further substantiate the prominent role of CD4+ T cells in protective immunity to chlamydial genital tract infection by extending their importance to include acquired immune resistance to reinfection. Furthermore, we document a previously unappreciated role for B cells in immunity to reinfection and convincingly demonstrate that immune CD8+ T cells are inconsequential for protective immunity to secondary infection.
Previous studies of chlamydial infections in humans and mice provide evidence that specific antibody or B cells confer a level of protective immunity to chlamydial infection, but that general conclusion is arguable because the data are indirect or only demonstrate a subordinate role for antibody (2, 6, 17, 27, 45, 57). Those studies invariably documented only a limited protective effect of antibody in vivo; therefore, we reasoned that the dominant protective CD4+ T-cell response possibly masked the detection of a protective humoral response. To address that premise, we eliminated CD4+ T cells in immune wild-type B6 and B-cell-deficient mice and assessed immunity to reinfection. We clearly demonstrate that B cells and/or antibodies are important constituents of the adaptive immune response to chlamydial urogenital infection (Fig. 1 and 2).
Arguments against a protective role for antibodies are numerous but generally include the following: (i) the obligate intracellular lifestyle of chlamydiae renders them inaccessible to antibodies, (ii) vaccination regimens eliciting high titers of antibody are not protective, and (iii) CMI confers protection. Several recent studies have renewed interest in evaluating the contribution of antibodies and B cells to immunity to intracellular microbial pathogens. Antibody imparts a level of protective immunity to intracellular cryptococcal infection (5) and to infection by the intracellular bacterial pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis(52). Although the mechanism by which antibody augmented immunity to M. tuberculosis was not defined, increased protection was thought to result from antibody enhancement of CMI. B cells have also been implicated in immunity to the intracellular bacterial pathogens Francisella tularensis (10) and Salmonella typhimurium (23). Other studies did not directly implicated B cells in the effector immune response to intracellular bacterial pathogens but instead suggested that B cells are important for priming protective T-cell responses (22, 56).
We previously assessed the role of Th cells in the immune response to chlamydial genital tract infection (24). We noted that after primary chlamydial genital tract infection, mice deficient in the CD4 cell surface molecule (CD4 gene knockout mice) resolved the infection more slowly than wild-type B6 mice. The production of both serum and mucosal antichlamydial IgA antibodies, but not IgG antibodies, was delayed in CD4-deficient mice. The delay in resolution of the primary infection coincided with delayed production of mucosal antichlamydial IgA antibodies. We concluded that a correlation exists between mucosal antichlamydial IgA antibodies and resolution of infection. In our current study, we demonstrated that B cells or antibody played a critical role in adaptive immunity to chlamydial genital tract infection. The mechanism(s) by which antibody or B cells contributed to adaptive immunity in murine genital tract infection is not understood, but our past and current experimental results have renewed interest in and lend support to continued investigations of the interaction of B-cell immunity and CMI.
A reasonable inference from our data is that B cells and CD4+ T cells function synergistically in the protective immune response to chlamydial infection. Although our data do not address a specific mechanism, (i) recognition of chlamydial antigen on the infected-cell surface by a specific antibody and subsequent lysis of the infected cell by an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) mechanism and (ii) arming of an immune cell population with a specific antibody which subsequently inactivates chlamydial EBs are two possible mechanisms. There exists no precedent that those mechanisms function in immunity to chlamydial infection. However, several laboratories have demonstrated cell surface localization of chlamydial antigens (18, 37, 42, 55), thus establishing the precedent that chlamydial antigen or a form of antigen may be expressed on the surface of infected cells and accessible to immune mechanisms. ADCC-type immune mechanisms have been shown to function in host immunity to other intracellular bacterial pathogens. For example, in a series of studies, Tagliabue et al. addressed the role of secretory IgA-dependent cellular cytotoxicity as an immune mechanism that killed the facultative intracellular pathogens Shigella sp. andSalmonella sp. (48-51). BothSalmonella and Shigella spp. were inhibited by an ADCC-type mechanism, which was dependent on CD4+ T cells and specific IgA antibodies. Because chlamydial infection is mucosal and generates both antichlamydial IgA and immunoprotective CD4+ T cells (24), it may be that protective immunity to chlamydial infection is mediated by a similar ADCC mechanism.
The function of CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) in protective immunity to chlamydial infection is controversial. That controversy arises from in vivo data that fail to show a convincing protective role for CTLs (13, 24, 40, 43) and in vitro data which consistently document CTL cytotoxicity against chlamydia-infected targets (1, 19, 20, 36, 39, 40). The in vivo studies that fail to show a protective role for CD8+ T cells are not based solely on a single experimental approach, yet the data are surprisingly consistent. (i) The adoptive transfer of immune CD4+ T cells, but not immune CD8+ T cells, to naive mice confers a level of protective immunity upon infectious challenge (43). (ii) CD4+ T-cell clones and lines confer a greater level of protective immunity on naive recipients than do CD8+ T-cell clones and lines (13, 15, 40). (iii) The resolution of a chlamydial genital tract infection in β2-microglobulin gene knockout mice is indistinguishable from that in wild-type mice (24). (iv) Mice genetically deficient in perforin, Fas, Fas ligand, or both perforin and Fas ligand resolve the infection similarly to wild-type mice (30). In this latter study, the fact that mice deficient in both Fas ligand and perforin did not display altered kinetics of bacterial clearance is of particular importance because it argues against both CD8+ CTL cytotoxicity and CD4+ T-cell-mediated apoptosis as protective mechanisms in immunity to chlamydial genital tract infection. Herein we report that the presence or absence of immune CD8+ T cells was inconsequential with regard to protective immunity. Thus, our data add another level of confidence for the protective role of CD4+T cells in adaptive immunity to chlamydial genital tract infection and convincingly demonstrate that CD8+ T cells are neither required nor necessary for protective immunity.
In striking contrast to the convincing in vivo data that argue against protective CD8+ T cells, numerous in vitro studies have consistently demonstrated that immune CD8+ T cells are cytolytic for chlamydia-infected target cells (1, 19, 20, 36, 39, 40). Those data are derived from a number of different laboratories using different CD8+ T-cell and target cell populations. For example, immune murine splenic CD8+ T cells, murine CD8+ T-cell lines and clones, and human CD8+ T cells have been utilized to demonstrate antichlamydial CTL activity and some studies have shown that the responses are restricted by MHC class I molecules. Although differences exist among the details of the various studies, a common theme that has emerged is that cytolysis occurs rather late in the chlamydial growth cycle. Intracellular chlamydial growth and development are unique among bacterial pathogens. Early during intracellular growth (<24 h), chlamydiae exist as metabolically active, noninfectious replicative forms termed reticulate bodies. As intracellular infection progresses (24 to 72 h), reticulate bodies differentiate into metabolically inactive infectious forms termed EBs. Thus, for CTLs to be protective, an early lytic event which would eliminate infected cells and disperse only noninfectious chlamydiae would be much more beneficial than a late lytic event which would release infectious chlamydiae and potentially facilitate the infectious process. Nevertheless, because of the frequency with which antichlamydial CD8+ CTLs have been documented, it is difficult to argue that CD8+ CTLs are not generated following chlamydial infection.
An apparent discrepancy appears to exist between the in vivo data that argue against a protective role for CTLs and the in vitro data that support a protective function. The answer to that apparent contradiction may be provided by recent findings by Zhong et al., who demonstrated that chlamydiae secrete a proteosome-like activity into the host cell cytosol that suppresses IFN-γ-inducible MHC class I and II expression (59, 60). Therefore, despite the possible secretion of chlamydial molecules into the cytosol via a type III secretion system (41), the suppression of MHC class I synthesis would circumvent the processing and presentation of chlamydial epitopes on the infected-cell surface and preclude recognition and subsequent lysis by CTLs. This novel parasite strategy was proposed by Zhong et al. to be an important mechanism which allows chlamydiae to evade host immune recognition and facilitates the establishment of persistent infections (60). In the murine model of chlamydial genital tract infection, however, the infection resolves in ∼4 weeks and long-term persistent infections rarely occur in animals having a full complement of immune responses (7, 24). Alternatively, though, the data from the study by Zhong et al. (60) provide a plausible explanation by which CTLs do not function as a protective T-cell phenotype in vivo, as reported in this paper and by others (43). Despite this novel mechanism of immune evasion, the host has evolved alternative immune strategies that function very effectively to eliminate infection in the absence of CTLs.
Our data confirm the important role of CD4+ T cells in protective immunity to chlamydial genital tract infection and describe a previously unappreciated protective role for B cells and/or antibody. Although we do not understand the mechanism(s), our data raise a number of questions regarding the role of B cells, antibody, and CD4+ T cells in immunity to chlamydial infection that require further investigation. Furthermore, we show that CD8+ T cells are not necessary for adaptive immunity to chlamydial genital tract infection, suggesting that the host has devised effector strategies other than CD8+ CTLs for eliminating an intracellular infection and for providing immunity against reinfection. Definition of B-cell and CD4+ T-cell interactions resulting in antichlamydial responses and how those responses contribute to immune protection will be fundamental for the development of an efficacious vaccine against chlamydial urogenital infections.
This work was supported by National Institutes of Health grant AI 38991 (R.P.M.).
Editor: R. N. Moore
- Received 5 June 2000.
- Returned for modification 24 August 2000.
- Accepted 25 September 2000.
- Copyright © 2000 American Society for Microbiology


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Fact-based Reporting by
Rob Roman
I just saw this new blog by a person who goes by the name "Lana Blue" on facebook. Seems she wrote a WordPress Blog slandering me. I have included her posts with my answers. "Lana Blue" has just recently been outed as the infamous cyber Stalker and troll who's real name is Christine White of South Salem, New York.
Who is this cyber stalker trolling from the UK 24/7?
I don't stalk, I don't troll, I have an article on my blog about stopping Cyber – Bullying. I'm not from the UK, I'm from Destin, FL and White Plains, NY, and I am not on the Internet 24/7. I recently provided a scan of my Paralegal certificate from Marist College in Poughkeepsie, NY.
Meet Rob Roman which is a fake name & his imaginary friend Amanda Chen. The fraud in the UK pretending to live in White Plains, NY. Their fact-less blog which did not do well when it came to reality. Why would it when it is rife with non-reality? none of their creepy personalities followed the case.
My name is not fake and in fact, I just recently scanned my passport to facebook proving who I am and where I'm from. My blog, SpotLightOnLaw, contains all fact-based articles. In fact, no one had been able to refute the facts listed in my blog. Amanda Chen is a real person, an artist and a grad student who recently attended an American University for 2 years. She was my neighbor in China, where I lived for 3 years.
Please give a specific example of anything on my blog which is a "fraud" or is non-factual.
This fraud starting to show it's true colors with this "zealot" insanity while proving they are a jealous cyber stalker who can't buy a clue from the UK.
Please show one actual instance of stalking from me. I'm a "he", not an "it", douchebag.
Let's examine their troll behavior to suck in unsuspecting TA supporters to keep an eye on them. This particular rat started at least 3 fb pages, where they prove to be quite fanatical and god forbid you prove them wrong which is so easy. They freak out and harass you.
You really need to research what a "troll" is and what "trolling is". These definitions fit you. A person who forms their own group(s) and invites people from all viewpoints to join those groups is not a troll.
You have yet to prove me wrong about anything, Christine.
As of late I watched the "rat" expose themselves as a liar & and all around creeper who wouldn't know the law here in the US to save their life. If you put them on ignore, they really get upset. Why? This rat spends at least 18 hrs a day (starting on uk time) to spy on just about everyone while pretending to be their friend. They pretend to be all these people such as Robert Knox which we found as a friend on the rat Roman fb page, they since deleted it.
Please show proof that I do not know New York or U.S. law. I spy on no one. "Robert Knox" is a person who gave a really long response to an article I did on my blog, so I asked him to write a guest article for me. He is a Jodi Arias Supporter and he's close to Simon Johansson and the JAII inner circle. I do not know his real name.
I have deleted nothing from my blog.
Go figure they (I use the word "they" is you can't tell what sex the rat is since they change their personality every 5 mins) they dared to pretend this Knox person is a good friend of Jodi's. She doesn't have any friends, period and no one by the name of Robert Knox has ever had any interaction with the killer. See the rat pretend to be Knox here:
Jodi Arias has a great many friends, as much as you do not want to hear this. How would you know who Jodi Arias interacts with? You wouldn't. I did not pretend to be Robert Knox, I explained very clearly who Robert Knox is and that this is a pseudonym.
Read the comments and the rat's true personality comes out while proving to not know one thing about this case & their true disdain for the victim & his family come out.
Robert Knox speaks for himself. As for my comments, I have no disdain for the victim or his family I have honored Travis Alexander more than once.
The same death threat making lunatic in the UK. They also exposed themselves again today by posting idiotic bday wishes for a killer who is not online & onlock down @tingmingjie.
I have made no "death threats", you lunatic. Yes, I posted Birthday wishes for Jodi Arias. She's a human being and she deserves a little dignity. If you don't like that, too bad.
Dirk says "hi" since you stalked & harassed him too. Keep spewing as I copy all and send to Scott Land Yard. We see you're still stalking the wrong person, piggy. She's pretty & it's obvious you are a jealous loser who whores himself out daily for a killer. You'll never get it hater.
Dirk Hartog is a person who stalks and harasses, the same as you. He is not a person who gets stalked or harassed, and neither are you. You are sending something to Scotland yard? Do you have information on who "Jack the Ripper" really is? LOL. I am stalking the wrong person? Who am I stalking?
Oh that hater video was copied before you tube took it down multiple times.
Hater video? What are you even talking about?
Your stalking & harassment of Paul Sanders were copied.
Paul Sanders is a person who thinks women should be killed. He is really no different than Jodi Arias. He shouldn't advocate for the killing of women, as he is one. Showing your disdain for a person on your own blog or Facebook page is NOT stalking nor is it harassment. Look it up. Paul Sanders is an exploiter of this trial and other trials who feeds on hate. If Pauly has a problem, he can contact me or comment on my blog.
Here, copy it again :p
Your threats against the Alexanders are copied.
Never made a threat against the Alexanders, in fact, I have advocated for treating the Alexanders with compassion, respect, and sympathy.
Here is the US that's against the law. I would think they have that law in the UK as well, huh? more on that to come.
Here in the US, slander is against the law. As you have slandered me, prepare to be sued. My fellow New Yorker.
The rat exposes their sick self day after day while playing their net friends for a fool
Most know the "rat" posts with differently personalities. 9 x out of ten they can't keep up with the lies they tell which is pretty funny. The rat has an answer for all their lies though. Like when they had a school in California in their bio. They actually claimed they've never been to Cali. When they were questioned further on that. They said "their friend went there". huh? They have since put in a online school. They never took any classes as they are not in the US.
My personality is the same all the time. The school in California was the school my friend Amanda went to, not me. I have never been to California. You do not have to be from the U.S. to go to a U.S. school, don't you know that?
Let's not get started on their many fake professions while they never see the light of day ever. Short list "a paralegal, an EMS technician, a writer, a psychologist..etc. Even their young age is a lie. It was more fun when they would pretend to be Amanda Chen and when you'd ask for a simple fact. They'd pretend not to speak English.
I never said I was an EMS technician or a psychologist. I am a paralegal, I am a writer, and I did work in the mental health field. I'm not young, but I'm not old, either. Again, Amanda Chen is a real person and her English is better than yours, Christine.
They seem to get really upset when you let them know that Amanda Chen is just some poor artist in China the Rat stole her name from.
Amanda in fact lives and works in China and her family still lives in the apartment building right next to the one I lived in.
Let's move on to the foul company they keep & their motivation behind their online scam.
The Rat hangs with a criminal named Jason Weber (convicted felon) & his cohort Elizabeth Schilling. They are two scammers Jodi no longer wanted anything to do with.
I know Jason and Elizabeth. I do not "hang out with them". They are not scammers and they still interact with Jodi Arias.
The rat dared to say these two were on the up & up. The rat went on to spew more bs about Jason who in fact is jobless, his bio is totally made up & he lives with his mother in Michigan. He's got more alias than the Rat does.
Jason Webber and Elizabeth Schilling are on the up and up. Jason has no aliases and neither do I. Neither does Elizabeth. In fact, Jason Webber's involvement with Jodi Arias is almost nill, and Elizabeth has moved on from Jodi Arias to other interests.
The Rat also defended another fraud name Richard Speights who is supposed to be in the US. As of late it is the Rat pretending to be him and a few other well known Jodi cult members. This impostor Speights spent a really long time harassing Deborah Maran who exposed them for what they are.
Richard Speights has a business in Montana and is no fraud. That's his real name and his on-line arguments with Deborah Maran have nothing to do with me. It takes two to tango. Deborah Maran did not expose Richard Speights and she has said nothing about me as far as I know.
A total fraud & pathological liar. The impostor screwed up by letting us know they are not in the US with threats of a bogus lawsuit "they contacted their high sheriff". Ummm, that's a UK thing as we have lawyers who deal with lawsuits.
No idea what you are talking about.
The Rat loves to delete the truth. Over the weekend the rat exposed themselves again as not being in the US, not NY & not on vacation like they claimed. https://www.facebook.com/pages/American-Culture-Shock/178235525710836?fref=ts
I would love to see how I exposed myself as not being from NY (I am), not being in the US (I am), and not on vacation for the 4th of July (I was). Do I delete the truth? What?
Now on yet another page the have, no truth is allowed either while they are pretending to be against Simon & JAII. Yet they troll with the scum from there. Gee, why is that?
I am not pretending to be against SJ and JAII. I am against SJ and JAII.
There's that "zealot" word again. Boring! Oh, but they do expose themselves as a real cyber stalker who was obsessed with some guy Dirk, now it's on to a Christine. While proving what a lunatic they are. They exposed themselves as "Pandora" who posing as some real potty mouthed pig in Greece.
Zealot – "a person who is fanatical and uncompromising in pursuit of their religious, political, or other ideals.
synonyms: fanatic, enthusiast, extremist, radical, young Turk, diehard, true believer, activist, militant" = you = Lana Blue = Christine White.
I am not "Pandora". Pandora is Pandora Paik, who is a real person named Olga Paikopolous, and she does live in Greece. You know that. I never said anything about Dirk Hartog although I am aware of who this stalker is. Christine White is you, Lana Blue. But I guess you are also "Olga", "Arizona Sky" "Pinky Mane" and now "Xavier" and "Tanya". Who will you be tomorrow? I will still be Rob Roman.
From a Facebook profile "MK" –
"I believe this is Dirk Hartog aka "George Beerwood" aka "Heather Sober". If you look at "Loonier than Hodi" facebook page … he is on the attack against S. Webber. He even played her dangerous games by posting Webber's full address on his page. I have done some research and it is definitely Webber's address. I have been on many pages tonight and I am reading all over the place that people are getting messages from "this" person. Be careful of him …. he is a dangerous man. Here is the page for those that want to see his madness Notice the address he posted on one of his photos. https://www.facebook.com/MadwomanOnMacomber?fref=ts"
This is the true face of the Rat Roman. https://twitter.com/TingMingJie <<a true fanatic using multiple twitter accounts to harass TA supporters, real writers and people who can spell better than this troll could.
I am @TingmingJie on Twitter. There is not one instance you can find of my harassing or stalking anyone at all. Always be aware of people who make accusations with out any specific examples, without any proof.
This is also another one of their troll accts. https://twitter.com/ColdNoLove <rat cyber stalker made some dopey "exposing the haters" video that keeps getting taken down by you tube. Their troll nic on you tube is King Cold. Their disquis accts are James Dean, Mr. Howie (which they stole) and a few others. Speights & Mr. Howie show up at the same UK time. What are the odds?
No idea what you are referring to. I'm pretty sure "James Dean" is also you, Christine. There was some video of who the real names of State Supporters are, but I don't know who made that or what's become of it.
This attention whore is a true danger to society like the rest of the Jodi ilk. They are luring in TA supporters by pretending to be some writer in NY who's a moody guy. Nothing of the sort. They are are a psychopath using the info you put out there on the Super Duper page. Don't you ever wonder why this "rat" stares at that page all day? or Why they get soo upset when you block their behind? This foreign creep is stalking everyone.
LOL. The person who runs the Super Duper page is a friend of mine. I get heat from both Jodi Supporters and State Supporters for being a member of that page, which is virtually harmless.
I don't get upset when someone blocks me, I get annoyed because I'm not getting the full conversation. I block no one. Well, almost no one, until yesterday.
More on the Rat to follow as they revealed their true identity.
Can't wait, Christine. When and if you get your Twitter and Facebook accounts back, we will be looking forward to more stalking and trolling from my neighbor in New York :p .


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What's Next? Trusting the Journey: Solo Exhibit
When? SEP 7th-NOV 3rd
Mon-Fri 8:30 am-4:30 pm
(contact me if you would like to set up a private tour)
31555 W Eleven Mile Rd, 48336
Farmington Hills,
About the artist
As an artist, there is desire to test outside of one's limits while staying true to the essence sense of self during the process. Channeling an intangible moment onto something physical provides access to all possibilities that of which exist. Using words to describe feelings oftentimes comes with limitations. Sharing myself through what I create is an authentic way to be understood. My artworks consist of having a vast amount of brilliant and bold colors along with various brush strokes coming together to form new and unexplored techniques. My intent is to create a pronounced effect that is memorable enough to leave the viewer to decipher their own feelings. By having the opportunity to share my work among this platform, it will help to bring what art is intended to bring, that being connection with others. Creation is intended to be used to help spread inspiration within others. Artworks seen here are best described as expressive abstract. Every process of my compositions are unplanned from beginning to completion. Use of medium includes but not limited to acrylic on canvas. Descriptions may be best understood when taking into consideration the conditions relative to mood, time of day/year, and inspiration of creation. Thank you for being here. I am so grateful to share my journey with you.
Some inspirational quotes created along the process:
"Be good to the universe so you can be good to yourself."
"Do what feels right not what looks right"
"Life does not want plans"
"I knew I was happy once I made time for my soul."
"transparency cannot be threatened"


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Homestead Village Enhanced Senior Living
You just found a retirement community in Lancaster, Pa where retirement means Enhanced Senior Living.
Connect with those around you and learn many new things. Enjoy innovative accommodations with the peace of mind you deserve. Experience an active lifestyle with carefree living and all the comforts of senior living in a very convenient location in Lancaster, PA.
This is Homestead Village; an exceptional non-profit retirement community at the heart of Lancaster's best, offering a quality continuum of care to all residents, designed to enhance their personal independence and dignity, which contributes to the wholeness of body, mind and spirit.
Senior living is unique when extraordinary people are working and living together in one community. Forward thinking leadership; highly competent and trustworthy staff; and residents with their depth and diversity and life experience make Homestead Village an exceptional place to live and work.
Our mission at Homestead Village is "Enhancing independence and dignity as together we create a compassionate community."
The Bachman Center - Facility Rentals
The Bachman Center is a local gem, set on the picturesque grounds of Homestead Village. Just moments from downtown Lancaster and with easy access to Rtes. 30 and 283 this is a perfect venue for you and your guests.
We are more than just an event venue. We offer a full range of service in a warm welcoming environment. Catering, indoor and outdoor sites, event planner, capacity for 200 guests, floral packages to choose from, audio visual equipment, Wi-Fi availability, discount for non profit organizations.
The Bachman Center is the perfect site for your next business seminar, luncheon, class reunion, lecture, music recital, organization's meeting, special dinner event, wedding & reception. No event is too small.
Contact us for more information, to reserve your date or to tour the venue.
- Accessible
- On-site Parking


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Parquet Courts incite floor-wide mosh at ACL Late Night show
October 16, 2018 in Concert Reviews
Water the punks and they'll go! Mid-way through Parquet Court's late night set, a biblical rain fell upon the sea of bodies at Mohawk's outdoor stage as they launched into "Wide Awake," which sounds like someone gifted the band a copy of Talking Heads' Remain in Light and a cowbell. What resulted parallels a New Orleans style Hurricane party, a jig-thrash carefree hybrid with the precipitation only fueling the bedlam.
To be fair, the pit erupted on the first beat of the Texas natives/New York transplant's first song and never fully stopped until the show ended an hour and 15 minutes later.
I have to give partial credit to local opener SASS, who began the rumblings of the buzz early on in the night. For the entirety of their 20 minute set, the post-punk outfit's guitarist turned toward his amp for full distortion and a throw-in of cheeky disrespect to the audience who began to sardine their way onto the floor. Meanwhile, the lead singer marched across the top third of the stage, only pausing momentarily on her queue to wail, and then picked the parade back up in the other direction. Especially looking the part, swathed in a ripped and sleeveless Germs t-shirt, sat the drummer center-stage, whose punchy drumming fastened the whole damn thing together. Like their songs, short but incisive, SASS' performance made good on their representation as our local punks, the face of Austin to the Big Band coming home to Texas.
And though they've long left residence in the Lone Star State, Parquet Courts still know their audience. Swapping out their song-ending condemnation of Tom Brady in "Total Football," band-leader Andrew Savage chimed in for a timely Texan political PSA, fit for midterm season and lambasted Ted Cruz instead. You don't need to be told what happened next.
Besides a fair chunk representing their latest LP, the headliner's set slanted toward their early discography, mostly from Light Up Gold and Sunbathing Animal, particularly performing those tracks optimum for full on audience chaos, rife with college rock riffs on amphetamines and word-vomit verses equipped with a back pocket degree in post-modern literature.
Parquet Courts' first two records, Light Up Gold (2013) and Sunbathing Animal (2014).
Parquet Courts are The Clash of contemporary times, matched at their most political and most riotous, both products of punk swirled into and out of dub, funk, new wave, garage, you name it. The group's political consciousness revealed itself most evidently in a back-to-back block of a seamless cover of The Ramones' heil of "Today Your Love, Tomorrow the World" and their own climate change apocalyptical hymn, "Before the Water Gets Too High,"
Regardless of sound, there's no modern equivalent who embraces the honest-to-God punk ethos like Parquet Courts: Play loud, find some joy and "fuck Ted Cruz."
"Total Football"
"Almost Had to Start a Fight/In and Out of Patience"
"Freebird II"
"Before the Water Gets Too High"
"Today Your Love, Tomorrow the World" (Ramones)
"Dear Ramona"
"Master of My Craft"
"Borrowed Time"
"Wide Awake"
"Back to Earth"
"Mardi Gras Beads"
"Bodies Made Of"
"Black and White"
"Vienna II"
"One Man No City"
"Light Up Gold"


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How can I convert a slideshow with an .exe to swf or avi, or jpeg or whatever I can so I can play on the regular dvd player? Thanks
What file format is the slideshow? pps? Some other program?
The file is a slideshow and with the format of .exe. I never had anything like this before so I am in the dark and especially I selftaught so my computer skills is very little. I appreciate very much if anyone can help me out with this so I can learn. Thanks.
So when you run the exe, what program do the slides open in?
I tried to attach the file for you to see, but unable to do so.....When I opened it, the file just loading..... to 100% and run as a slideshow... I don't know how to explain exactly what kind of format file is, but if you have chance, go to www.musicselection.net then slideshow, you'll see it... I don't know if I do something wrong by giving the site out, if so please forgive me for doing that. I am so desperated to know how so I can learn... Someone told me that I can do it with the screensaver, but I never do it so I stuck there and give up.... I had been searching with google, but do not have any success yet.... Maybe because I am "too dump"...... :-( ..... thanks
Hi Jennifer, I play a little bit with the file and when the slideshow, I click to open the windows task manager then I see it list as Photodex proshow.... any idea for it??? Please help me so I can learn... Thanks a whole lot.


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VMware Workstation 4Features | Documentation | Knowledge Base | Discussion Forums
If you use an existing VMware Workstation 2 virtual machine under VMware Workstation 4, the virtual hardware is upgraded automatically. The upgrade gives you access to new features, but the process is one-way - you cannot reverse it.
Start by using an existing configuration file (.vmx) and virtual disk (.dsk if you do not convert to new filenames when you install VMware Workstation or .vmdk if you do convert).
The first time you power on the virtual machine under Workstation 4, a dialog box appears, offering the choice of upgrading the virtual hardware or powering off. If you want to make a backup copy of the virtual machine before upgrading the virtual hardware, power off and make the backup. Otherwise, allow VMware Workstation to upgrade the virtual hardware.
Note: If you are upgrading a virtual machine that runs from a physical disk, rather than a virtual disk, you may see the following error message while VMware Workstation is upgrading the virtual hardware: "Unable to upgrade <drivename>. One of the supplied parameters is invalid." You may safely click OK to continue the upgrade process.
Upgrade VMware Tools to the new version following the instructions for your guest operating system in Installing VMware Tools. You should not remove the older version of VMware Tools before installing the new version.
After upgrading the virtual hardware, you may need to take several steps to be sure the new virtual hardware is recognized properly by the guest operating system. If you are using a Windows 95, Windows 98 or Windows Me virtual machine created under VMware Workstation 2, take the steps listed under the name of your guest operating system.
With other guest operating systems, these special steps are not needed. Plug and Play should recognize the new virtual hardware and install any needed drivers smoothly.


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Since 2004, Mass Cultural Council Leadership Circle Awards have recognized LCC volunteers for their outstanding work in support of the Local Cultural Council Program. Mass Cultural Council honors the award-winning volunteers at a series of local award ceremonies held in partnership with the nominating LCCs across the Commonwealth with local cultural councils, community members, municipal officials, state legislators, and the public.
Honoring Leadership Circle Award winners helps LCCs gain the attention of future applicants and council members, improves local efforts to advocate for the arts, increases community pride, and provides an occasion for extra media coverage.
LCC members are invited to submit nominations for the outstanding volunteers. The LCA honors LCC members who have demonstrated a commitment to the ideals of the LCC program, as evidenced by a high quality of involvement in a number of council activities. This is an opportunity to recognize members of councils who have made significant contributions to their LCCs and demonstrated leadership in promoting arts and culture in their community. It is also an opportunity to gain greater recognition and public support for the work of local cultural councils.
In fiscal year 2016, Leadership Circle Awards were given to Jill Horton-Simms of the New Bedford Local Cultural Council and Leslie Seaton Malis of the Andover Cultural Council.
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The Leadership Circle Awards are currently on hold. Mass Cultural Council will not be accepting nominations for the 2017 grant cycle. We are evaluating the current awards process and how to make it more visible to the community and more meaningful for its recipients going forward.
For questions, please contact Lisa Simmons.
Jill Horton-Simms
Chair, New Bedford Local Cultural Council
Jill has been a lifelong supporter of youth education and the arts. In 2008 Jill moved to New Bedford from Naples, Florida, where she was a licensed interior designer and realtor. Upon moving, Jill was drawn to New Bedford's historical downtown library with its outstanding art collection and volunteered in the Art Room. She joined the board of the Friends of the New Bedford Free Public Library and became their president, helping to raise more than $25,000 for library programs. In 2014 Jill was appointed to be a Trustee of the library.
In 2012 Jill created a unique humanities program for middle school youth in New Bedford called Art in Words, connecting the library's complete collection of John James Audubon's Birds of America with Gary D. Schmidt's book Okay for Now, winner of the 2012 Children's Choice Book Award. In addition to devoting much of her time to developing and promoting youth arts and literacy programs, Jill is involved with several local non-profits and loves living in New Bedford.
Leslie Seaton Malis
Chair, Andover Cultural Council
Leslie Seaton Malis has spent her entire life in the arts. She has served as a member of the Andover Cultural Council for the past five years, the past two as Chair. Under her leadership, the Council has focused its efforts on expanding its presence within the community and forging links with local organizations, while also establishing a digital presence, creating a website, and connecting with the community through social media. New projects and initiatives developed include a town-wide student/senior citizen photography exhibit, and collaborating with other community groups on events such as Andover Day and Art in the Park.
Following an early background in dance and performance, she moved into arts administration, working at The Boston Ballet and Massachusetts Council on the Arts and Humanities, garnering extensive experience in arts related communications, publicity, and special events. A long-time Andover resident, she has coordinated numerous cultural education programs, both in the public schools and for senior citizens. She has also served on the boards of the Merrimack Valley Jewish Federation and New England Classical Singers. In addition to chairing the ACC, Malis is a long-time member of the board of the Mistral Chamber Music series. Most recently she has been asked to serve on the inaugural Andover Poet Laureate Committee. She holds a degree in English Literature from Boston College.
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Sting played two shows to celebrate the release of his new pop/rock album, "57th & 9th," at Irving Plaza on Wednesday, and was backed by a five-piece band, with the slogan "Keep Calm and Carry On" projected behind him.
"For anyone who doesn't know where this came from, the phrase originated when the British government was trying to soothe its people in 1939 in a harrowing time," the singer explained.
For a crowd including the Olsen twins, Paul Haggis and musician Chris Botti, he mixed in Police hits like "Message in a Bottle" with his new tunes.


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Oct 28, 2020 WorldWideTravel88 Bangkok, Thailand
Four Seasons Whistler
Whistler, Canada
The hotel
At this world-renowned resort experience the pinnacle of luxury on North America's highest mountain, located only 2 minutes from Whistler Village. Look forward to fabulous service, with a ski concierge who will take your ski equipment to and from the lifts. There's contemporary dining with amazing views in Sidecut Bar, its heated terrace is a deservedly popular place for après-ski cocktails and Gastro Pub menu. Sidecut Restaurant, which ranks as one of Canada's top 10 new restaurants, offers visitors the chance to satisfy their appetite for steak after an action-packed day of skiing or snowboarding. For top-class pampering and to relieve those tired muscles, hit the award-winning spa which uses only the most natural products, including clay harvested from British Columbia's glacial lakes! Try the couple's massage and enjoy this speciality relaxation experience together. Further activities and information are available from the 24-hour concierge, on hand to help you make the most of your stay.
- Bar
- Ski
- Spa
- Swimming Pool
- Hot tub
- Free Shuttle To Slopes
- Room Service
- Valet parking
- Safety Deposit Box
- Evening Entertainment
- Fitness Centre/Gym
- Laundry Service
Where is itA short walk (200m) to the ski lifts at Blackcomb Upper Village.
Hotel information
273 rooms and suites in 2 buildings. All with balcony/terrace, sitting area, gas fireplace, TV, DVD/CD player, complimentary WiFi Internet access for one device, coffee maker, mini-bar*, safe and hairdryer. Resort King Rooms with 1 king-size bed, sleeping maximum 2 adults.
Superior King Rooms with a balcony offering views of the courtyard, forest or mountains. 1 king-size bed sleeping maximum 2 adults.
Deluxe Rooms are larger with 1 king-size bed or 2 twin beds with a queen-size sleeper sofa, sleeping maximum 3 adults or 2 adults and 2 children.
Four Seasons Executive Suites have a separate living area with 1 king-size bed and 1 queen-size sleeper sofa, sleeping maximum 3 adults or 2 adults and 2 children.
2-Bedroom Executive Suites have a separate living area with 1 queen-size sleeper sofa, 2 bedrooms each with 1 king-size bed, 2 bathrooms and sleep maximum 5 adults or 3 adults and 2 children.
Sidecut Eatery and Bar (steak house) and live entertainment and year-round heated terrace. Sidecup Coffee shop. Heated outdoor swimming pool and hot tubs. Spa* with 15 treatment rooms and eucalyptus steam room. In-room massages*. 24-hour fitness centre with classes and cardio-equipment. Ski concierge*. Complimentary WiFi in library, lobby and lounge for one device. 24-hour room service*. 24-hour laundry/dry-cleaning service*. Business centre*. Valet parking*. Free shuttles to the slopes and to Whistler Village.
*Denotes local charge.
Oct 26, 2020 danielle576
Oct 26, 2020 medonaghy
Oct 11, 2020 canadianhockey91 Kamloops, Canada
Oct 7, 2020 danrenaud


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Make it blog
May 31, 2006
Captain Picard's Journal: I really don't need to say any more, do I?
Captain Picard's Journal: I really don't need to say any more, do I?
Orginally posted on TUAW, it is so cute I had to share!
I want a kitten. :(
This is the best missing union leader/baked good tie in ever. EVER!
Sadly, I now would like a cupcake, and that just isn't happening. However, cupcakes are pretty much the best baked good ever. I mean, it is like you get your very own cake (with a wrapper!), and you can pile on the icing. The cupcake industry should take a note from the ice cream cone industry though: edible wrappers. Think about it, people.
Once again, I'm a frickin' genius.
Ladies, not so spooky
Originally uploaded by blankbaby.
What better way to spend a lovely Sunday afternoon than in America's most historic prison? That's right, Eastern State Penitentiary (located right in Philadelphia) was the order of the day, thanks to Thad and Angie.
Many pictures were taken (check mine out) and thanks to Fran we were able to go into a guard tower that isn't open to the public. Fran rules.
Also of note: this picture includes a shot of Tom Biro's car, who is a fellow WIN blogger. This might not seem to odd, until you realize that Tom lives in NYC and was just visiting Philly (not to see me). What a small world.
I just installed NetNewsWire on Janus, and it flies. Good lord! I'm actually thinking of selling my iMac now. Hmm...
Link to the video.
Who doesn't?
You've been waiting for it ever since this entry, I know. Now you get rewarded for being such good little moppets (say it with a British accent. Go on. MOPPET. Fun, huh?). That's right, my dinner shall be revealed!
I'm so excited I could just puke (in a good way).
There I was in Rittenhouse Square wondering what to eat when it hit me! There is a little pad thai place on 18th called The Pad Thai Shack. I had eaten there before, and it was very good (though a little spicy for me, granted boiled toast is a little spicy for me). Beef pad thai was the order that I placed, and beef pad thai is what I had for dinner. I also found out that there is another Pad Thai Shack on 12th which features, 'plenty of seating and chill music.' I hope the 'chill' music is played at a lower volume than the music at the 18th street location. That's all I have to say about that.
The beef pad thai was very good, so good that I am thinking I should have pad thai for dinner once a week.
Ok, ok. This is my last post before I am off in search of food. I was just waiting for my last post to 'go live' when this dude with headphones on walked past me. His left hand held a slightly worse for wear iPod Shuffle.
He slows down, looks at my computer (damn that conspicuous glowing Apple logo!) and says, 'Yo, buddy I got an MP3 player for sale.' I assume him to mean the Shuffle in his hand and reply, 'No thanks.'
'It is really cheap.'
'No thanks.'
And off he goes. I wonder how much he was charging (and where he got the Shuffle).
I'm telling you, this is going to catch on (as long as the weather is always as nice as it is today). Blogging in the out of doors (that's al fresco for all you eurotrash) is down right civilized. I think I'll be doing this more and more this summer, as it is a nice way to transition from 'Work Scott' to 'Evening Scott' (which isn't really that much of a transition. I'm always ready to party, ladies.).
Now that dusk is settling in, here in Rittenhouse Square, my thoughts turn towards dinner. Since I'm out I might as well pick something up, but the question is what. What delight will fill my belly tonight?
I'll report back later (because you know you are just aching to know every little thing about me).
Part Two in an ongoing series.
Here's a small taste of the wireless networks that I can see with my MacBook:
I can also see a pug pooping (and the attactive blonde woman walking said pug, though she didn't pick up the pug's poop, which is pretty inconsiderate).
And thanks to Janus, I'm taking pictures of myself sitting on a bench in Rittenhouse Square (a favorite place of mine, and many others). Is there anything technology can't do?
Oh, right. Make me less of a geek. Eh, thems the breaks.
If you're in the area and want to stop by I'm sitting on one of the benchs with a view of Smith and Wollensky (which I have yet to go to. I need to find me a woman that likes meat).
The NY Time likes An Inconvenient Truth, the documentary that explores global warming and uses Al Gore as a front man. However, rabid anti-dems fear not:
But as I said, the movie is not about him. He is, rather, the surprisingly engaging vehicle for some very disturbing information. His explanations of complex environmental phenomena — the jet stream has always been a particularly tough one for me to grasp — are clear, and while some of the visual aids are a little corny, most of the images are stark, illuminating and powerful.
It is Coming Soon at the Ritz, and I know I'll be seeing it. Perhaps I can round up some folks to see it with and then have a little discussion afterwards. How cosmopolitan!
Eh, I'll just end up seeing it alone and gorging on popcorn.
That's right, Philly's newspapers are the talk of the town. Which got me to thinking: they still print newspapers?
How quaint.
I should go pick up one of these 'newspapers' before I go see a talkie with my best gal. We'll dance the Lindy until President Hoover tells us to stop!
The other day I went to City Sports to pick up some socks (which were on sale, score!). I was in and out in mere moments since I was a a man on a mission (i.e. socks). I got some of those low cut socks that don't look stupid when one is wearing shorts and sneakers (which this one wears most of the time during the summer. Hey, if you got it flaunt it).
Anywho, as I was making my way out of the store and into the hustle and bustle of Walnut Street I heard it. Could it be? Was it? Yes it was!
The unmistakably dulcet tones of an accordion (or 'squeezebox' to other in the know). Some dude was playing the accordion across the street.
I just realized that this story has absolutely no point.
But these ties sure are ugly.
Though they might look good with some of my shirts. I kid, I kid.
Barbaro, the horse who broke his ankle the other day, is well on the mend though he will never race again. The headline for this story on CNN was:
Barbaro eating, flirting with mares
That horse is doing better than I am, though I suppose it is my own fault for not flirting with more mares.. I mean women.
The MacBook has been named: Janus. It is a name I have been waiting to use for a computer for awhile, but I forgot all about it. You see, one of the perks of being a sys admin (like I am) is that you get to name servers. I got it in my head that I should name a few servers after Roman gods with the first being called Janus. It was vetoed, mostly because it would have been confusing having a server named Janus and a collegue named Janice (imagine the hijinks!). I named the servers after authors instead and thought that I would never get to use Janus (and promptly forgot about it).
Then I was chatting with Marisa, and she was offering up all sorts of possible names for the MacBook. I wasn't 'feeling' any of them (as the kids say) but all the names reminded me of Janus, which is the perfect name! Thanks, Marisa!
Why is Janus the perfect name for my new Intel Mac? Obviously, you aren't versed in Roman mythology (you're no Robocop). Janus is the two faced god of doorways, beginnings and endings. It is only appropriate that my first Mac that can boot both OS X and Windows should be named Janus.
See how clever I am?
More Penn
Originally uploaded by blankbaby.
I went for a walk today, since I tend to stay indoors entirely too much. As I was enjoying the weather I kept seeing these banners, so I headed over to City Hall to see all the bloom.
There was no bloom, but I did take this cool picture.
We all know that I'm not quite a ladies' man (shocking, I know).
I am watching Can't Get A Date on VH1, a show which transforms someone who thinks they can't get a date into someone who can get a date (their tagline is, 'Can't gate a date? Yes, you can.'). The key seems to be confidence, and the best way to get some confidence? Well, it would appear that riding a bike is the answer.
Who knew?
Sadly, the last time I rode a bike I nearly killed myself and dented a car, which also sums up my dating life.
Therefore, it is obvious that I need to acquire a bike and tool around town like a moving buffet of manly sexiness.


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An internship on the open road
William & Mary MBA students Adam Reel, Mark Walkley and Rawles Wilcox are three ordinary guys undertaking one extraordinary summer internship.
A native of Lexington, Va., Reel was smack in the middle of an internship interview when a thought crossed his mind. "I asked myself, what do I really want to do this summer," said Reel, "besides crunch numbers, sit in a cubicle and fetch coffee for my boss?"
Reel's uneasiness when imagining the traditional 9-to-5 internship triggered the idea of the MBA Road Project – a 4,250-mile bike trip across the country to raise awareness and funds for ChildSavers. The non-profit organization out of Richmond, Va., is committed to providing mental health and developmental services to children who have been exposed to a violent event. So far, the project has raised just under $4,000 with a goal of $30,000.
The trio, known as the W&M Bikers, will cover 10 states and 112 counties in three months. Their journey begins June 6 in Astoria, Ore.
Wilcox, an avid sports fan born in Suffolk, Va., said they expect to return on August 6 to Yorktown, Va. That plan, however, is contingent on several variables such as the weather and enduring both mental and physical exhaustion.
Following the TransAmerica Bike Trail, the W&M Bikers will be stopping to talk with locals in each town about the economic issues facing the country. Sizable cities along the way include Missoula, Mont.; Pueblo, Colo.; and Carbondale, Ill. They plan to video record their interviews and test Main St. vs. Wall Street theories.
Reels says approaching people in workout attire after physical activity will give the guys an advantage when it comes to hitting the streets for interviews.
"We're not rolling up in the typical suit and asking people what they think about the economy," said Reel. "We're debunking the business persona and having real, face-to-face interviews with people."
As part of the internship, the W&M Bikers also created their own website, wmbikers.com, to document the trip. This fully functional website includes photos, an up-to-date blog and a feature to track the biker's progress and location in real time using GPS technology. A Facebook and Twitter account have also been created for the project.
Walkley just completed his first year at William & Mary and says he's ready to hit the road.
"There wasn't a single internship opportunity that presented itself offering the same kind of mental (and physical) challenges this trip will provide," he said. "I love that I am able to use the tools I've acquired over the course of the past year to benefit such a wonderful organization."
Andrea Sardone, Mason School of Business, contributed to this article.


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A MYSTERY benefactor is trying to locate the owner of a 100-year-old Rolex pocket watch after finding the pricey antique in a Reading telephone box.
The Londoner - known only as "B" - says he stumbled across the £2,000 golden timepiece while visiting the town six weeks ago.
The watch, pictured here, is engraved with a heartfelt message that celebrates a couple's 50th wedding anniversary.
So touching is the message that the finder - who wrestled with his conscience for weeks over whether he should keep it - felt he had to contact the Evening Post.
In his letter B writes: "I have to admit my first thoughts were 'great, how much is it worth?'"
"But after thinking about things and reading the inscriptions on the back, and more importantly on the inside of the watch, I realised it was a very old and very important watch with, I'm sure, a great deal of history.
"It is for this reason I decided it must find its way back to its owners or custodians.
"I thought about handing it into my nearest police station in London but I didn't think it would find its way back to Reading - more probably some storeroom buried beneath red tape and files.
"The watch is more than 100 years old and, from what I am told, very valuable."
We took the watch to Douglas Jacobs jewellers in Reading who confirmed it as an authentic nine-carat gold Rolex dating back to 1901, during the reign of Edward VII, and said it should be insured for £1,700 to £2,000.
We have also received the backing of the police who are supporting this unusual campaign to trace the owner.
Police spokeswoman Sian Hickman said: "We will be looking at whether we have any records of a watch like this on our system.
"I am pleased that we have a chance to give this Rolex back to whoever it belongs to and I urge anybody who knows somebody who owns a watch like this to tell them to come forward."
Now all the rightful owner has to do is ring the Evening Post newsroom and tell us what that inscription inside the watch says.
* Anyone who wants to claim the watch should call (0118) 918 3027.


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Purchase offshore and your authentic vintage gown could end affordable bridesmaids dresses up limp and see-through if opting for the 50's style, especially satin, or for those wishing to choose the romance of lace, motifs cut from tulle and sparingly spread over substandard fabrics using glue.She had real conviction in what she was wearing and pulled it off!Brides Dress Copplestones BridalBrides Shoes Nikkita Pure & Precious', purchased from Elegant Steps.
When determining the cost of adding a guest to a wedding, most think to calculate the cost of that guest's food and beverage but often stop there.amp;quot;Do you see any trends in wedding stationery emerging for 2010?And well, I don't mean to tempt fate or anything, especially with the onset of the warmer weather, but remember when it was like this just a few weeks ago?I wish that Will also had the opportunity of meeting someone who was so important and influential in helping me become the person I am today!For the table plan, your guests names can be printed on mounted circles, as shown here, or in the style of vintage gift tags with a coordinating ribbon tied to each one.For example I'm not a 'polished' person so I would have looked odd and felt uncomfortable with a fancy hair do or sparkly crystals.I love it when I have to sign for a parcel discount bridesmaid dresses that is a 'box of treasured delights' or a'totally mad mood board' that has been sent through to start the creative process.
You'll leave with a free make-up, hair and styling consultation and quirky goodie bag.amp;quot; EntertainmentEntertainment was provided by the 'Alive Network' band 'The Somethin' Happenings'"Great music again nostalgic band with a rock and roll twist.
Their elaborate gowns of silk,rosette flowers and metallic lace inspired me to design doll clothes for people.Not too tight that you snap any stems, but tight enough that they hold still.
Grandparent fashionThe Queen looked lovely in pastel yellow at the 2011 British royal wedding.What a lovely idea this would make for a Mother of the Bride or family member as way of thanking them for contributing to the wedding, or a wedding anniversary gift?The things that are not perfect, the things that have personality and character.Trying to prevent my heels from sinking into the sand on a photoshoot duringmy Hen Weekend!After 2 hours, we had to quickly disembark in the middle of nowhere and get another train back.New York-based wedding photographer Christian Oth says that when he shoots a genuinely happy couple that doesn't sweat the small details he gets far superior pictures than when photographing someone who is very self-conscious.I fall in short bridesmaid dresses love with each piece as I'm creating on it.Lisa was soon fiddling about in amongst her beautiful jewellery designs"come on girls, we're going to glam you up!I have been wanting to write about My Sugarland for a while now.The Poppy Couture studio and showroom are located at 78 Kingsland Road, London, E2 8DP.Share this:FacebookTwitterPinterestGoogleEmailPrintLike this:Like Loading.They led the Wedding party in the golden light along the cobbles where so many have trod, with the tourists now gone you could really take in your surroundings.One moment there are icicles hanging from our bedroom window at least 50cm in length, then, all we have are miserable grey skies, determined, it seems, to rain all over everything, every minute of every hour of every day!I got chatting with TIffany yesterday about her involvement with this chic, boutique wedding venue"The Trafalgar boasts a fresh and contemporary look and is a fabulous venue to host an intimate, chic, city wedding.Nor does callous behavior require the target to offer a psychological excuse.amp;quot; "Sally from Halo Blossom designed our wedding flowers and I would recommend her services to anybody, she did a fantastic job.Remember that the most important thing is that you're getting married, and doing that surrounded by the people you love.