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Research News
Deeply Buried Sediments Tell Story of Sudden Mass Extinction
Two international teams of researchers recover evidence of a large meteorite that impacted Mexico's Yucatan Peninsula 65 million years ago.
June 25, 2003
Most Earth scientists now agree that 65 million years ago, an enormous space rock slammed into what is now Chicxulub, Mexico, triggering a mass extinction. The extinction separates the Cretaceous Period of the dinosaurs from the mammal-dominated Paleocene Period; yet, fossils and sediments nearest the crater were mixed by the impact, obscuring clues that could tell researchers if extinctions could be directly linked to the catastrophe.
In 1996 and 1997, two teams of Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) scientists found critical evidence that would conclusively tie the Cretaceous-Paleocene (K/P) impact with the catastrophic extinction.
ODP explores Earth's structure and evolution, primarily through the study of sediment and rock cored from below modern and ancient seafloors using ship-mounted, and some truck-mounted, drill rigs. Funded by NSF and 21 foreign nations, ODP has been critical to Earth science research since its inception in 1968.
In 1996, Rutgers University researchers Kenneth Miller, Richard Olsson, and James Browning, along with Daniel Habib of Queens College and Peter Sugerman of the New Jersey Geological Survey, used a truck-mounted drill rig to core beneath Bass River State Park in New Jersey. About 384 meters (1260 feet) below the surface, the team found an unbroken layer of K/P sediments.
The clays above and below the K/P boundary contain numerous fossil microorganisms known as foraminifera. However, the clays below the boundary contained ornate, Cretaceous foraminifera, while the sections immediately above contained only simply-shaped Paleogene foraminifera. The sequence was a continuous, and revealing, fossil progression.
"Mass extinction is clearly at the boundary," says Olsson, "[and] it took up to 4 million years for the oceans to recover from the mass extinction event."
As important, the two plankton groups were separated by a discrete layer of spherical and oval pellets – altered remnants of melt glass known as microtektites that were blasted out of the impact crater. Bass River contains the most distant K/T microtektite layer that researchers have found, lying ~2500 kilometers from the crater.
The evidence countered the other leading hypothesis, based upon previous studies in the Gulf of Mexico, which suggested Cretaceous plankton seemed to live on after the impact. However, the Gulf is close to the impact, and the 3000-foot-high tsunami that many scientists believe was triggered by the catastrophic explosion mixed older and younger fossils.
Because of the unbroken progression of biologic and geologic changes, the Bass River cores show the extinctions occurred precisely at the same time as the impact, "the alternate interpretation that Cretaceous plankton continued to live on after the impact," says Miller, "has basically been debunked."
In 1997, an equally important core was found by Richard Norris of Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Dick Kroon of Free University, Amsterdam, Adam Klaus of the Ocean Drilling Program, and Brian Huber of the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History in Washington, D.C.
Drilling more than 100 meters below the Atlantic seafloor, 300 miles off the coast of Florida, the ODP researchers found another continuous layering of K/P boundary sediments. The scientists were aboard the JOIDES Resolution, the 469-foot long research flagship of ODP.
While the Bass River core shows a gap in sedimentation a few centimeters above the boundary, the Blake Nose core is more complete. In addition, due to the proximity to the impact, the tektite layer was 17 cm thick, nearly nine times as thick as the Bass River core. The Blake Nose core is currently on display at the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History in Washington, D.C.
Says Norris, "17 cm of impact debris is a lot. Imagine that raining down on North America. That much hot gas would incinerate much of the continental United States and trigger wild fires that have been hypothesized by previous workers."
Subsequent studies by Norris, Klaus, and their colleague at ODP John Firth have shown that the impact triggered massive submarine landslides all along the east coasts of the United States and Canada. The slides created a debris deposit of several million square kilometers that reaches over 1400 km off shore.
"The New Jersey core," says Norris, "shows evidence of this massive event since the interval within and above the impact layer contains chunks of mud ripped up from the continental shelf. Such large-scale submarine slides were probably triggered by the enormous earthquake that was produced by the impact."
Additional studies have provided further evidence for the widespread impact effects, showing that sands from shallow waters were mixed in with sediments from much deeper ocean clays, and confirming that the plankton did not go extinct gradually – the change was sudden.
-- Josh Chamot
A spherule layer from the asteroid impact at Chicxulub, Mexico.
Credit and Larger Version
Adam Klaus
Dick Kroon
Brian Huber
Chenjie Liu
Daniel Habib
James Browning
Kenneth Miller
Peter Sugerman
Richard Norris
Richard Olsson
Related Institutions/Organizations
Queens College
Rutgers University New Brunswick
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History
New Jersey
Atlantic Ocean
Related Programs
U.S. Science Support Program Associated with the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program
Related Awards
#9316122 Dynamics of Ecological and Morphological Speciation in Planktic Foraminifera
#9417108 Renewal of Depositional Sequence on the New Jersey Coastal Plain: A Drilling Proposal
#9708664 Global Sea Level and Late Cretaceous to Miocene Sequences: Completion of the New Jersey Coastal Plain Drilling Project
Total Grants
Related Agencies
U.S. Geological Survey
New Jersey Geological Survey
Related Websites
Ocean Drilling Program: http://www.oceandrilling.org/
NSF Division of Ocean Sciences: http://www.geo.nsf.gov/oce/start.htm
Web Geological Time Machine/U. of C. at Berkeley's Museum of Paleontology: http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/help/timeform.html


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Pair of antique French cast stone cherubs from Montpellier, France, in form of putti or cherubs leaning against tree stumps with original plinths, modeled as standard bearers. 19th century. 48 inches H. 15 inches W. Unusual and charming.
Unless specificed otherwise, all dimensions are in inches and should be considered approximate.

subset: commoncrawl


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On Monday, October 16th Vlado Damjanovski, the world leading expert in CCTV, had visited the SafeCity™ system Local Monitoring Centre (LMC) of Basmanny district. Technically, the LMC is the best if its kind.
Journalists representing printed and electronic media resources came to see the monitoring centre and to get in contact with Vlado Damjanovski – "Mir I Bezopasnost", "Connect", "CCTVFocus", "CNews", "Hi-Tech Security" and others. Victor Muravyov, Vice president of Planir Holding Co. – the SafeCity™ system deploying company – informed the audience on system construction and operation principles, scales and features. Then he answered to numerous questions of journalists and Damjanovski himself.
Operator's workplaces were shown to the guests. Vlado Damjanovski noted that there are exclusively women employed as LMC operators. It appeared that this job is rather not for men due to very high demand for personal concentration. Every aspect of the SafeCity™ system was a point of interest for journalists; some did not expect such power from a security system produced in Russia.
SafeCity™ covers several districts of Moscow city – particularly, 9 districts of Central administrative district. The system is applied for day and night video surveillance of streets and squares, courtyards and entrances, schools and kindergartens, and also for communal services technical security and control: resources consumption tracking, access control, various equipment monitoring including elevators, etc. Axxon Enterprise™ integrated security system has become a platform to integrate al subsystems into a unified SafeCity™ solution. Virtually unlimited number of CCTV cameras along with other equipment can be distributed across any area using this platform.
Ian Yafayev, Chief technical officer of SafeCity Trading Co., presented the project from technical point of view. Jacob Volkind, CEO of North-Western branch of Axxon (former ITV), shared experience of project deployment in Saint-Petersburg and several other cities in Russia.
Vlado Damjanovski the CCTV expert noted that, as he is informed, there are no systems in operation anywhere in the world capable of measuring as many parameters as SafeCity™ does. Video surveillance and communal services data monitoring combination was the most impressive for the guest. "I have seen only photos of the system before but never realized how much things stand behind this system", - showed his surprise Damjanovski. The expert highlighted excellent video image quality of the system along with simple and effective operators workplace layout and surveillance technology.
An appearance on air at RBK-TV was a scheduled event for Vlado Damjanovski's Moscow trip. A popular "Spheres of Interest" show had been devoted to security systems and efficiency of their applications; the most important and actual approach was claimed to be the development of integrated systems such as SafeCity™. Based on both experience gained during the system deployment in Moscow and Saint Petersburg and recent world security market trends, financial and profitability aspects of integrated systems had been discussed. The main idea of the show was formulated like this: "SafeCity™ brings profits not only to citizens, authorities, law enforcement structures and communal operators but also to investors. Not only financial dividends are being received but also moral and ethical."
As a result of getting in touch with the SafeCity™ system, Vlado Damjanovski was deeply impressed with current state of Russian security industry being on a very high level.


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Wedding invitations can be used to set the style and aesthetic of the upcoming event. With so many design options and vendors out there, invitations can be as personalised and unique as you want. To find the right vendor, view their portfolio, read their customer reviews and contact them to discuss requirements and budget.Invitations Select a location
Australia's highest rated wedding invitation designer. Internationally acclaimed, featured in Vogue, Channel 9. We will beat any quote on foil, letterpress, laser cut, hard cover and acrylic invites. FREE samples & upfront proofs.
Lou Designs is a Bendigo based design studio that creates custom made stationery and keepsakes to suit you! Here to make your wedding day as beautiful and as easy as possible, with a focus on clean modern designs for the modern couple.
Choose from our website which showcases our extensive range. Or you can DIY. Papermarc's experienced designers create invitations from impressive Classics to high-impact Modern designs.
Wedding Invitation + Stationery Specialist
Peep Designs is a Melbourne-based, wedding stationery design warehouse. Let's dream together!
Go Direct to the Printer, and Save! Fentonink Letterpress Studio is Australia's most affordable, bespoke letterpress studio! We print and deliver the most gorgeous letterpress wedding stationery every day, Australia wide.
Best designer wedding invitations, designed, printed and handmade in Australia. ONE to ONE personalised service. CHECK us out with our INVITATION SAMPLE PACK: from $25 & FREE shipping in Australia.
We know that each couple & wedding is unique, we work closely with each couple, making their vision & ideas come to life.
Flexibility is our specialty. All our work is done in-house in our Osborne Park studio! Pop in anytime.
Handmade invitations. Designs can be changed to suit your theme and customized printing on envelopes and cards is complimentary. UNLIMITED DRAFTING at no cost!
Lava Stationery believes in quality & care with your invitations, bomboniere & DIY supplies. I will help you make it the wedding of your dreams!
The Printed Love Co is a boutique business who specialises in Wedding Invitations, Stationery and Personalised Gifts.
We cater for every special occasion and our beautiful products are printed and hand made on the premises. Custom design an invitation that's right for you!
Unique handcrafted Invitations and Bomboniere created and customised to suit all styles and Budgets. Enquire today into our extravagant styles.
Mel Disigns is a local business specializing in creating remarkable images & artwork to satisfy your wedding needs.
Welcome to the home of beautiful designs | Afterpay Available
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Created with minimalism in mind for the contemporary couple, all stationery is printed on sustainably sourced paper with a premium feel and subtle texture. Inspired by nature and our ethereal surrounds, our stationary reflects the beauty we find in our everyday.
Peppermint Press is a contemporary design studio that has produced wedding and event stationery since 2012. We take pride in our attention to detail and design expertise, providing advice and guiding you through the process as we produce your dream stationery.
Affordable packages, Choose from fully assembled or DIY packages. No hidden costs. Unique wedding stationary made simple, easy and affordable.
One on one customer service to ensure your invitations are even better than you imagined!
We deliver unique stationary for all special occasions and closely work with you so you get exactly what you want at an affordable price!
IMPRESSIVE INKreations, specialising in custom made invitations in embossing, letterpress printing and foil stamping!
Translating your ideas & vision into beautiful invitations & stationery
We are an Adelaide based creative studio, with a team boasting over 20 years of industry experience.
Providing beautifully designed, modern wedding invitations, on the day stationery and signage.
Sydney based business Invits, combines passion and skill to create custom designed invitations & stationery for your special day!
If your looking for some beautiful and creative stationery that will give your guests the wow factor about your wedding, and make them as excited as your are about your day. The good news is you made a great choice because we have exactly what you are looking for...You've made an excellent choice considering using Creative Invitation Designs for your wedding stationery
We all love a party! And invitations provide that perfect personal touch to request the pleasure of company at your special day. This Girl professionally designs and prints custom invitations as well as a range of coordinating stationery for your wedding celebrations.
At Camellia Creatives, we specialise in calligraphy with a personal touch - invitations, envelope addressing, wedding favours, guest seating signs, hen's party favours and custom made one of a kind projects for gifts and mementos.
Malaki Mata Media offers unique, eye-catching and interactive animated video Wedding Invitations to enhance your celebration. With music & voice-over options available, as well as colour or B&W, you can create the perfect formal or fun announcement to your wedding day.
Let us create your dream suite! Custom wedding invitations designed just for you!
Easy Weddings provides the perfect destination to find wedding invitation and stationery suppliers. You will find our extensive wedding directory in Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Perth and throughout Australia and a variety of articles, galleries and forums.


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In the year 2009, my family faced a heartbreaking situation when my husband and father to our 4-year-old daughter Elizabeth died after valiantly fighting the dreadful disease known as ALS (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis). At the time of his death, we both had successful careers and Elizabeth had not even begun kindergarten. It rocked our world to the core, but I decided right away I was not going to allow our great misfortune ruin our lives, so I chose to survive.
After the funeral, I really had no time to properly grieve because I was responsible for a small child and a demanding career. We fell into a routine and with tremendous help from our family, Elizabeth did great. She is now 13 years old and remembers very little of our life before ALS robbed her of her dad.
I found working, commuting and single parenting very difficult, so at age 52, when I had accumulated enough time to retire, I did. I stayed home and raised my then 7-year-old and removed some of the parental burdens from my parents, who up to my retirement were doing most of the child-rearing.
My late husband's name was Joe and he was a New York City Police Detective. Everyone who met him agreed he was the perfect example of a stereotypical NYPD type of guy, with his thick NYC accent, always impeccably dressed in Paul Stewart suits, quick-witted and sarcastic. He was 6'5" and weighed well over 230 pounds so criminals rarely tried to flee or fight with him or his brothers in blue. He definitely could protect himself and the rest of our family. In 2008 he started slurring his words and losing weight but we did not know what was wrong. In late 2008 it was apparent that the problem was ALS and several months later he was dead.
My husband was a September 11th World Trade Center first responder, as were most of the people we hung out with and knew, but his illness has yet to be formally linked to that horrible time. As most of those who were present while the attack happened we know what really happened down there. There were no respirators or face protection on that day and many, many people have since become sick and have passed on. Our family and friends believe his disease was caused by the toxins he inhaled during those first hours at Ground Zero.
I have wanted to walk the French Way of the Camino Santiago de Compostela since viewing the movie, "The Way" in 2010. Although still struggling with grief, we had built a nice life for ourselves, but I thought if I completed this pilgrimage maybe I could finally put his death behind me. The time was not right because of Elizabeth's young age and I was fearful of taking her to Europe to walk alone. In 2017 I finally decided the time was right, so Elizabeth and I flew to Spain to walk the Camino Santiago de Compostela.
One of the important stops along the Camino is named Cruz de Ferro (Iron Cross) and it is the highest point on the way. As you can see from the attached photos, a metal cross is affixed to tremendous wooden pole that is surrounded by a massive pile of small rocks which have been growing larger each year as pilgrims walk past. Pilgrims place a rock in their backpack when they leave home and it stays there until they arrive at the Iron Cross and then they leave the rock at the base of the mound. The act of leaving the stone is to absolve them from their sins and to leave their burdens or pain behind on the mound.
There are several legends of the origins of the Iron Cross, one being it was built by the hermit Gualcemo in the 11th Century to help pilgrims cross the mountains or maybe it was simply erected centuries earlier as a trail marker for when the ground was covered in snow.
While still at home we prepared a nice beach rock with Joe's name and attached a small replica of his NYPD badge. We carried it to Spain and hiked with it until we arrived in Cruz de Ferro.
When we approached Cruz de Ferro I was immediately struck at how different this site was from all the previous Camino stops. There was a paved path, lots of police vehicles watching the site and busloads of tourist waiting for their chance to climb to the top. Definitely not the quiet peaceful sites we used to on the Camino.
After Elizabeth and I climbed to the top of the mound I could only focus on the thought that what we were standing on had been built by so many others before us and all the new stones we were leaving would soon be crushed by future pilgrim's stones thus building the pile larger.
Elizabeth and I then left our precious stone on the base with all the others. This was a solemn moment for us and there were tears, but overall, I was overjoyed remembering our love and acknowledging the grief and great loss we have experienced during the past 8 years. Rest in Peace Detective D.
We then continued on the way, happy to be in Spain, grateful to have been married to my best friend and hopeful that life for my daughter and I would just keep getting better.
Buen Camino
Click here to follow our journey
Our memorial stone in the middle of so many others at Cruz de Ferro.


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...completely rebuilt, completely restored, a really superb little sports car.
Absolutely rust free inside and out, top and bottom, excellent bodywork and paint in tartan red. All new interior in black with red piping, new stayfast cloth (expensive) black top, new black tonneau. Rebuilt engine, balanced, new distributor, electronic ignition, Weber carb, oil cooler, rebuilt gearbox with overdrive, nicely detailed engine bay, new chrome wire wheels with new knock offs and new Avon radials, all new main chrome and trim, rebuilt brakes and suspension, nicely detailed underneath (perfect original rust free floors and chassis rails, inner sills, etc.), converted to negative ground, new Sony stereo/CD unit with new speakers, Lucas driving lights, H4 halogen headlights, new seat belts, original MG steering wheel (just replaced with expensive Nardi wheel), excellent wiring and electrics, new door mirrors,new windshield, new center console, new steering wheel, new rear springs, new SU fuel pump, back up solid state fuel pump, ON AND ON AND ON.
The last owner spent a fortune on this car. And the result is a wonderful, very usable, easy to service classic sports car.
This car goes! Much quicker than the 'average' MGB. Maybe some engine modifications, maybe the Weber. Dunno. But it does go well.
Great with the overdrive...clicks in and out instantly (the gearbox was done by a friend of our's who has a national reputation for doing these units) and makes the car very nice on the highway.
Ready for daily driving or show (but PLEASE do not assume this car is a serious show winning 'trailer queen'). As nice an MGB as I have ever come across and particularly nice with the chrome wire wheels, overdrive, driving lights, stereo, etc. In fact, adding the overdrive, Weber, chrome wire wheels, driving lights...this car has thousands and thousands of dollars of options.
Also available with a restored factory hardtop (rare and very desirable), and we can even offer a 'price' with a fresh 2 liter engine (alloy head, high lift cam, balanced, etc.) and a new Ford T9 five speed transmission.
In all of the years we have been in business, I would say this is the second best MGB we have ever had..the other one sold for $25,000 without overdrive. Although not meant to be a serious show car, it is certainly quite 'showable' and as a road MGB, the best I have ever seen. Done for my own collection but, due to a slight change of priorities, offered for sale so some lucky prospective MGB buyer.
At this price, very difficult to duplicate.
Oh, this is MY own car....luv it, put a lot of time, effort, and expensive to 'build' a dead reliable, show quality, quick, wonderful MGB. But, alas, we finished a fantastic MGA for my collection and I had a great time driving it all season. Recently, I thought 'when am I gonna drive this car now that I have finished it?' WHICH (I wonder) Lotus Elan, Healey, Morgan, MG in my collection will NOT be driven the day I drive this MGB? So.........its for sale. And a sensational car it is. I know. I paid for it!Printer-Friendly version


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Our Tokyo Rumble Polarized Sunglasses are a great pair of sunnies for adventurers, outdoors lovers, travelers, sports & music aficionados! (a.k.a made for everyone). This pair of sunglasses looks great on both women and men, and it keeps your eyes protected from harmful sun rays while at the same time looking great!
Our Tokyo Rumble Sunglasses are light, soft and comfortable! You can run, hike, jump, kayak, dance, do handstands or do anything without a problem! We promise our sunglasses will remain 'locked' (without slipping) on your nose at all times!
From all the of colors in the world, and for some weird reason that science does not completely understand, red and blue are the only two colors that our brain and body reacts downright crazy too. Yup, you got that right! The Ice Red mirrored lenses on the crystal Blue matte frame is a Rumble color combination that brightens your path and spins your World and spins those around you!
The Tokyo Rumble sunglasses are an all-year, all-weather, all-styles, all-moods, and must-have pair of sunglasses. Brighten your day, swag your eyes, be loud, be confident, be the best of you! Try a new color now.
Made for active lifestyles. Our colorful and vibrant styles are designed for your active lifestyle. Great for outdoor, adventurers, runners, travelers, sports and music lovers!
Quality in mind. We use the same materials of overpriced brands, but sell them at a fair price!
Feel great. Our sunglasses are made of soft and lightweight and flexible materials for maximum durability and to provide you with all-day comfort.
Great lenses. Most of our styles are polarized. They are coated with a special film to eliminate the amount of reflecting light that enters your eyes. Reduces glare, and makes your world appear sharper and clearer.All our styles have mirrored lenses with 100% UV400 filrm to protect your eyes from harmful UVA/UVB rays.
Multiple Color options. Available in 9 other vibrant colors. Learn about sunglasses lens color guide


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Use this form to request a visa invitation letter for your participation in an SPE event. Please complete all requested fields. If approved, you will receive your letter on SPE letterhead, signed by the CEO, within seven (7) business days.
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Fields marked with * are required.
Your form submission WILL be encrypted using SSL to ensure your privacy.


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How to Change Store Apps Installation Folder
If you own a Windows tablet or working on a PC with primary storage device as an SSD where the Windows is installed then your PC might run out of space soon. Now you needContinue reading
Windows How To & Microsoft Products Tips
If you own a Windows tablet or working on a PC with primary storage device as an SSD where the Windows is installed then your PC might run out of space soon. Now you needContinue reading
Apple iCloud is similar as the Microsft's OneDrive cloud service and it works seamlessly as well, it not only works on Mac but also on Windows 10 PC. Here is the complete guide about howContinue reading
Microsoft launched its media streaming service in Windows 10 via its UWP apps which come pre-installed in the OS. Movies and TV is one of the apps which provides the media content like movies andContinue reading
Microsoft Windows is the most customizable and tweakable operating system for computers. There are various tools, and utilities come pre built inside every version of Windows which can tweak appearance and performance of Windows. TheContinue reading
Microsoft Windows 10's recent update which called Creators Update, tightened the security on Windows 10 to protect users privacy. Microsoft tweaked the core files to make the security, even far better than before. Well, WindowsContinue reading
Windows Hello is a bit more secure way of locking down your Windows 10 PC or laptop using biometrics. Recently released Microsoft Surface Pro 4 comes with hardware which supports Windows Hello and let you lockContinue reading
Microsoft keeps adding lots of new useful features to Windows 10 and releasing new builds very frequently ( only to fast insiders). Recently Microsoft added a new feature which left the insider mode so mostContinue reading
Microsoft Windows 10 recently got updated with a new feature called Game Mode to increase the performance of games in Windows 10. Microsoft had to do that because everyone is talking about the poor performanceContinue reading
Microsoft added a new feature to the latest build of Windows 10; the Windows 10 Build 16184 comes with People Bar on the Taskbar. This feature puts an icon on the bottom of the taskbarContinue reading
Microsoft Windows comes with most of the needed utilities preinstalled and you might not be aware of all of them. One of the most useful ones which we are going to talk about is theContinue reading


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Phenylketonuria and Hyperphenylalaninemia Nutrition Study
|The safety and scientific validity of this study is the responsibility of the study sponsor and investigators. Listing a study does not mean it has been evaluated by the U.S. Federal Government. Read our disclaimer for details.
|ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01879995
Recruitment Status : Completed
First Posted : June 18, 2013
Last Update Posted : February 8, 2016
- Study Details
- Tabular View
- No Results Posted
- Disclaimer
- How to Read a Study Record
The mainstay of PKU treatment is a low-phenylalanine diet (i.e restriction of natural protein), and supplementation with a protein substitute (a mixture of amino acids free from phenylalanine, also containing micronutrients and vitamins) and special low-protein foods, to meet the patient's energy requirements. When diet and treatment is relaxed after childhood, adult and adolescent patients with phenylketonuria are at risk for malnutrition, depending on the compliance with treatment and the intake of amino acid supplements.
In this study, nutrition status of patients with PKU and hyperphenylalaninemia is systematically assessed under ongoing current treatment, in relation to Phe-tolerance, compliance with treatment, and psychosocial issues.
Study participants do not undergo any specific therapeutic or diagnostic intervention.
|Condition or disease
|Phenylketonuria (PKU) and Hyperphenylalaninemia
|Study Type :
|Actual Enrollment :
|30 participants
|Observational Model:
|Time Perspective:
|Official Title:
|Nutrition Status of Adult and Adolescent Patients With Classical Phenylketonuria (PKU) and Hyperphenylalaninemia
|Study Start Date :
|June 2013
|Actual Primary Completion Date :
|July 2015
|Actual Study Completion Date :
|July 2015
- Macronutrient and micronutrient intake, calculated from a nutrition protocol (four consecutive days) [ Time Frame: assessed during 4 consecutive days max. within 1 month after a regular consultation in the outpatient clinic ]
Assessed nutrients:
Macronutrients: protein, fat, carbohydrates in g/kg/d
Daily phenylalanine and tyrosine intake Micronutrients and minerals: Calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, selenium
Vitamins: D, B12, B6, C, folic acid
- Phenylalanine level (umol/l) [ Time Frame: assessed at the end of the four-day nutrition protocol (see primary outcome) ]this outcome measure is not study-specific and is collected as part of established routine care (self-measurement by patient)
- Plasma amino acid profile [ Time Frame: determined at a routine visit at the outpatient clinic, on average 1x per year ]this outcome measure is not study-specific and is collected as part of established routine care.
- Concentrations of micronutrients, minerals and vitamins [ Time Frame: determined at a routine visit at the outpatient clinic, on average 1x per year ]
assessed parameters: Ferritin, zinc, selenium, vitamin D, vitamin B12, folic acid.
These outcome measures are not study-specific and are collected as part of established routine care
- body weight (kg) [ Time Frame: determined at a routine visit at the outpatient clinic, on average once every 6 - 12 months ]assessed as part of routine clinical care
Choosing to participate in a study is an important personal decision. Talk with your doctor and family members or friends about deciding to join a study. To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contacts provided below. For general information, Learn About Clinical Studies.
|Ages Eligible for Study:
|16 Years and older (Child, Adult, Older Adult)
|Sexes Eligible for Study:
|Accepts Healthy Volunteers:
|Sampling Method:
|Non-Probability Sample
Inclusion criteria:
- PKU (Phenylketonuria) or hyperphenylalaninemia
- male or female, minimum age 16y
- signed informed consent
Exclusion criteria:
- patient who can not comply with the study protocol (e.g. unable to fill in questionnaires by themselves or a representative)
To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contact information provided by the sponsor.
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier (NCT number): NCT01879995
|University Hospital Zurich, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Clinical Nutrition
|Zurich, ZH, Switzerland, 8091
|University Children's Hospital
|Zurich, Switzerland, CH-8032
|Principal Investigator:
|Michel Hochuli, MD PhD
|University Hospital Zurich, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Clinical Nutrition
|Responsible Party:
|University of Zurich
|ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:
|Other Study ID Numbers:
KEK-ZH-Nr. 2013-0120
|First Posted:
|June 18, 2013 Key Record Dates
|Last Update Posted:
|February 8, 2016
|Last Verified:
|February 2016
Brain Diseases, Metabolic, Inborn
Brain Diseases, Metabolic
Brain Diseases
Central Nervous System Diseases
Nervous System Diseases
Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors
Metabolism, Inborn Errors
Genetic Diseases, Inborn
Metabolic Diseases


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Small business owners may find it challenging navigating through the fast-paced world of social media.
Sourced through Scoop.it from: www.socialmediatoday.com
Love tools that make your work load easier and increase your productivity? So do I but finding which ones to use is often time consuming with trial and lots of error. Here's a well thought out list for Social Media.
See on Scoop.it – Digital MarketingContinue Reading → Share


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Why are people talking about Belaruskali and Uralkali?By Xun Yao Chen
Uralkali's surprise
Potash companies like Potash Corp. (POT), Mosaic Co. (MOS), Intrepid Potash Inc. (IPI), and Agrium Inc. (AGU) all fell on the day as news broke that Uralkali would break away from the Belarusian Potash Company (the international potash selling arm of Uralkali and Belaruskali). The market priced in Uralkali's comments that prices could fall below $300 a ton.
The breakup between Uralkali and Belaruskali in mid-2013 had many investors wondering whether potash companies would still be able to earn the high profits they once had.
As we discussed in our potash business overview, the economical production of potash is dominated by countries like Canada, Belarus, and Russia. Add the fact that potash is a global business, with 74% of shipments going to the export market, and international potash supply was largely controlled by Canpotex (the selling arm of POT, MOS, and AGU) and the Belarusian Potash Company.
This means the potash industry is an oligopoly, where a few players make up a large portion of industry supply. Because there are fewer players, companies operating in an oligopoly are better able to coordinate with each other to set prices and supply in order to maximize industry profits rather than just their own revenues.
High profitability
Potash companies' high operating margins (shown previously in this series) are evidence of this trend. While the S&P 500′s operating margin is just ~14%, potash companies all have higher margins. These are based on the last 12 months of data amid falling prices. Note that Uralkali and Intrepid Potash Inc. (IPI) are the only pure-play potash producers.
Has coordination faltered?
As long as players coordinate with each other, suppliers can adjust production and set prices at levels that will earn them the highest economic profit. If suppliers don't coordinate with each other, each firm will try to increase production—because another competitor will take what it doesn't produce. This will drive supply up and prices down. Profit margins will then fall.
Certainly, if Uralkali and Belaruskali fell out, investors worried that the players' coordination would fall apart. Uralkali's new strategy of focusing on volume over price—considered irrational by Canadian producers—contributed to fears of long-term lower profits ahead (even though this isn't really the case, in our view).


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In collaboration with filmmakers Chris Adamescu and Adam Tanguay, Monica Thomas presents the premiere of three short dance films. Each piece exhibits a different approach to dance film, showing opposing perspectives to the creative process and the process of collaboration between dancer, choreographer, and filmmaker.
The films:
I Am Not An Animal explores humans' relationships with animals. The film uses reconstructed images from pop culture and pastoral fantasies to address the question, "What do our depictions of non-humans tell us about ourselves?" Danced by Amanda Dye, Michaela Federpiel, Calyn Guberman, Ericka Lashley, Amy Simonson, and Monica Thomas. Originally preformed live at Chicago Freelance Dance.
In Experiment, ten Chicago dancers spent 30 minutes each being filmed in a room alone. Each dancer's footage is combined with the others, crea
ting choreography that never existed in real-time. Featuring Annie Beserra, Tristan Bruns, Peter Carpenter, Adriana Durant, Autumn Eckman, Katie Graves, Jeff Hancock, Stephanie Paul, Mikey Rioux, and Jessie Young
trace is trio between a dancer, a videographer, and found footage. Using Super 8 footage shot by her grandfather in Arkansas in the 1950s and 60s, Thomas moves between these layers of film to create a piece focusing on experiential memory and embodied nostalgia.


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Recipe: Chicken Fingers
Summary: Low Carb Chicken Fingers
Chicken tenders
2 eggs (scrambled with cream-uncooked)
sesame seeds
dehydrated minced onion
How to Prepare:
Mix minced onion and sesame seeds in a bowl. Scramble eggs and cream in another bowl. Dip chicken tenders in egg and then sesame/onion mixture and fry in oil.
Related articles
- Sesame Garlic Thai Chicken and Veggies (low-carb–ketogenic-diets.com)
- Pecan crusted chicken (low-carb-ketogenic-diets.com)
- Chicken Enchilada (low-carb-ketogenic-diets.com)


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The very cool urban assault-style hybrid motorized mountain bikes made by MotoPeds may be coming soon to a retail powersports outlet near you. According to this press release the company has been acquired by APT MotoVox Group Inc. APT has patented a carburetor technology called SmartCarb for two-stroke engines which the company claims will push the MotoPed near the 200 mpg range.
In my humble opinion no Doomsday Prepper should be without one of these. In fact, every apocalypse bunker should come with one as standard issue.
There is no good reason that living on the fringe can't be cool.


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Brent Edwardson is the principal of BE Financial. Previously a professional photographer and business owner for many years.
The experience of creating visual legacies for this clients as a photographer has now changed to creating a financial legacy for themselves and future generations.
Using a collaborative process, he helps his clients both protect and grow their wealth.
He works with other financial professionals to pull together the best solutions to both protect and move his clients in the direction of their dreams. No matter what life throws at them.


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Anxiety & Stress
What is Calming Care?
Calming Care is a natural herbal supplement designed to gently assist dogs with consistently calm and balanced moods. The herbal ingredients in this formula are meant to be administered daily, with a long term outlook. They are non sedating and will not cause your dog to feel sleepy or drowsy. Calming Care helps your canine feel at ease in different situations or with life in general.
Calming Care contains eight herbal ingredients that holistically work together on a canine's nervous system, stress hormones and brain neurotransmitters. Herbalists and naturopaths define medicinal herbs in broad classifications. The herbs in Calming Care are defined as nerve restoratives, nerve tonics and adaptogens.
- Nerve restoratives help to rejuvenate nerve cell integrity when there has been some degeneration due to stress, lack of nutrients needed by the nervous system or other causes.
- Nerve tonics restore the nerve fibers and the sheaths that protect the nerves. These herbs help to resolve feelings of stress, including anxiousness.
- Adaptogens are a class of herbs that assist the body's stress response and immunity.
Help your dog enjoy life - and enjoy life with your dog!
What is Calming Care used for?
Some canines experience moods that could be defined as anxious, stressed out, aggressive or hyperactive. The cause may be known or unknown but there is not always an easy solution to helping a dog feel calm and self assured.
Calming Care is one part of the solution. Along with a healthy diet, appropriate social interaction and physical activity, your pet can benefit from a daily supplement that assists the body's ability to handle stress, restore normal moods and a sense of positive wellbeing.
Calming Care is not associated with negative side effects. If your pet is taking antidepressants or other medications, please review the cautionary notes for this product.
A Note From Our Veterinarian...
As a general rule, expect gradual results within the first two to three weeks, although some animals show positive results in the first week. The herbs in this formula take time to be effective because they are working to normalize neurotransmitters, stress hormones and nerve cell integrity. Herbs that work quickly for relaxation also tend to be tranquilizing or sedating. Calming Care does not sedate or make an animal sleepy. Instead, it helps your dog to remain normally calm and at ease - yet pleasantly alert. For many canines, this product contributes to a general good mood and restful sleep.
If your dog experiences anxiety, hyperactivity or is easily moved to aggression or stress, Calming Care may be a helpful supplement to administer.
Please note:
Animal behaviors are largely a result of their history, environment, breeding/training and general condition of their health. Undesirable behaviors or aggression may not be something that can be addressed with an herbal supplement.
What Calming Care can do is support the nervous system so that your dog has a chance to act and react in a normal way. Maintaining nervous system health with nervine and adaptogenic herbs is an easy way to naturally support moods without using drugs.
If your pet has been taking prescription medications, it is highly advisable to supplement your canine's diet with a multivitamin. Consult a veterinarian for any safety precautions and dosages in relation to your pet's current health status.
Most medications leave the body low in certain vitamins and/or minerals. If nutrient levels are low, it can begin to affect other parts of the body, including the nervous system and this can play a role in mood changes. Please consider the importance of an adequate nutrient profile if your pet experiences anxiety or related conditions. It is so important that a good nutritional foundation is maintained.
Along with a supplement like Calming Care, take your whole pet into consideration: diet and nutrition, exercise and play, stressful triggers in the environment and whether your dog is mirroring the stress he or she sees in the home.
Can my dog take Calming Care with medications?
An examination from a veterinarian is recommended prior to using this product. May affect blood levels of certain medications. Do not use with blood thinners. Monitor blood sugar if using with blood-sugar-lowering drugs as some herbs may lower blood sugar. Use caution with prescription medications for depressive states, and high or low blood pressure. May interfere with metabolism of certain medications.
Does it come with a guarantee?
Yes! Calming Care comes with a 90-day money back guarantee.
Why choose Calming Care for your canine friend?
- Certified organic and selectively imported: This formula is entirely prepared from organically grown and selectively imported herbs.
- Full Sprectrum Extract: The full biochemical spectrum of the herbs is preserved to ensure the potency of the extract. All raw materials are tested for identification and purity.
- Every batch tested: Every batch of our Calming Care is tested to ensure the highest quality and potency. Every single batch.
- GMP Facility: Nationally recognized quality control procedures are meticulously monitored. Consumers are protected because we ensure that the highest standards of manufacturing are strictly adhered to.
- It's Guaranteed: In addition to the superior quality of our products, you are also protected by our 90-day moneyback guarantee.
- Manufactured in the United States
Who makes Calming Care?
Calming Care is made by PetWellbeing.com, founded in 2001. Our goal? To bring the wisdom and experience of our caring holistic veterinarians to your pet. When your pet is healthy; you're happy.
To fulfill our vision, our on-staff, holistic veterinarians have developed formulas using time-honored, traditional uses of herbs, and integrated the latest scientific research. It is our aim to produce the best products for your pet that we can.
Supports calm and stable behavior in dogs
What is Stress Gold?
Stress Gold is a quick-acting, non-addictive, herbal formula designed for dogs. This herbal combination naturally supports the central nervous system in times of nervous tension or heightened states of emotion.
The primary ingredients in this formula act directly on the brain to produce a natural and safe sedative effect. The result is reduced nerve tension, subdued restlessness and a decreased tendency to hyperactivity or excitability. The class of herbal sedatives used in this formula are safe and will not cause stomach upset. Other types of natural sedatives can be described as narcotic in nature and usually contain high levels of alkaloids. Our ingredients do not contain high alkaloid levels.
Stress Gold will help your pet feel pleasantly relaxed and possibly sleepy.
What is Stress Gold used for?
Stress Gold acts quickly on the nervous system so your pet can feel more relaxed at times when they might otherwise experience sudden anxiety, agitation or even aggression. Use Stress Gold before or after a known stressful situation to restore calmness.
Many behaviors can be observed with an animal under stress.
A pet may appear nervous or agitated to the point of displaying fear (panic), pacing or showing aggression. If the animal is unable to calm down, there may be an increase in heart and breath rate. Stress can be expressed by urinating, biting or incessant barking.
In some cases, stress can be induced by a medication, but in most cases it is due to something in the animal's environment:
- Travel, boarding, moving
- Loud noises like thunder, yelling, children, or fireworks
- Change in pet owner, even temporary
- New people in the home or someone's absence
- Home renovations
Physical stress is another type of stress, usually caused by pain or discomfort of an injury or inflammation, such as arthritis. By treating the cause of the health issue, the discomfort will hopefully abate and with it, the feelings of stress. For physical discomfort, we highly recommend using Comfort Gold http://www.petwellbeing.com/products/comfort-gold-for-dogs, Pet Wellbeing's natural pain reliever.
A Note from our Veterinarian...
Like people, our pets have individual histories, perceptions and personalities. It is important to notice and respond to your pet individually. It may be hard to undersand why a certain event is stressful or it may be obvious. Either way, it is helpful to have Stress Gold on-hand if your dog is prone to stress or a stressful event is about to take place. Take comfort that there is a safe and natural product you can provide when it is needed. For your pet's peace of mind and your own.
The amount of Stress Gold required is individual. In other words, the dosage needed by one pet may be different from the amount another pet needs. Some pets respond dramatically to nervines ("NER-veens" = herbs that have an effect on the nervous system) and others need more to illicit an effect. Notice how your pet responds for 30-40 minutes after administering Stress Gold. You may need to repeat the dose and this can be done safely, up to 4 doses.
Stress Gold can be used for hyperactivity and trouble relaxing at night when everyone in the house is trying to sleep. Insomnia or night stalking may be a clue that something is wrong. Some causes of insomnia are:
- Conditions like pain (example: from arthritis or hip dysplasia)
- Hyperthyroidism
- Chronic itchiness due to allergies or fleas
- Frequent need to urinate (may be a kidney or bladder problem)
- Old age
Insomnia is usually a symptom of something else, rather than a condition in itself. Treating the cause of insomnia is the primary focus but Stress Gold can provide relief while the condition exists.
If your dog is experiencing regular anxiety of any kind or requires support with long-standing behavioral problems, I recommend using Calming Care http://www.petwellbeing.com/products/calming-care-for-dog-anxiety-and-stress as a daily supplement. Calming Care takes effect gently, over time, for supporting sustained calm moods.
Can my dog take Stress Gold with medications?
Use with caution in conjunction with nervous system depressants. Do not use prior to anesthesia. Use caution with cardiac and kidney conditions or if using steroids.
Does it come with a guarantee?
Yes! Stress Gold comes with a 90 day money-back guarantee.
Why choose Stress Gold for your dog?
- Certified organic: This formula is entirely prepared from organically grown herbs.
- Full Spectrum Extract: The full biochemical spectrum of the herbs is preserved to ensure the potency of the extract. All raw materials are tested for indentification and purity.
- Every batch tested: Every batch of Stress Gold is tested to ensure the highest quality and potency. Every single batch.
- GMP Facility: Nationally recognized quality control procedures are meticulously monitored. Our customers are protected because we ensure that the highest standards of manufacturing are strictly adhered to.
- It's Guaranteed: In addition to the superior quality of our products, you are also protected by our 90 day money-back guarantee.
- Manufactured in the United States.
Who makes Stress Gold?
Stress Gold is made by Pet Wellbeing, founded in 2001. Our goal? To bring the wisdom and experience of our caring holistic veterinarians to your pet. When your pet is healthy; you're happy.
To fulfill our vision, our on-staff, holistic veterinarians have developed formulas using time-honored, traditional uses of herbs and integrated the latest scientific research. It is our aim to produce the best products for your pet that we can.
Effective Support for High Stress Situations
What is Pet Melatonin?
Melatonin is a naturally-occurring hormone produced in the pineal gland of dogs (and other animals), and plays a large role in regulating sleep patterns. It also has a role in the regulation of cortisol production. In dogs, melatonin supplementation has been shown to target the adrenal cells and the amount of cortisol they make. This may support normal hair growth, normal appetite and urination in dogs. It has been shown that having a consistent level of melatonin in the body can help support balanced cortisol output by the adrenal glands. Melatonin inhibits some of the enzymes needed for the body to produce more cortisol.
Pet Melatonin is different from melatonin used for human consumption. It is a unique liquid form that makes it ideal to administer to dogs of all sizes in the correct amounts, unlike capsules or tablets. It is synthetically derived and not made from the pineal glands of pigs. A synthetic melatonin ensures safety from viruses or other microbes that can be present in animal tissue. Pet Melatonin is also not a quick-release or a slow acting form of melatonin. A simple form of melatonin is the ideal way to administer this supplement to a dog, and not quick or slow release. Pet Melatonin is enhanced with natural bacon flavor so it is something your dog will enjoy.
What is Pet Melatonin used for?
Pet Melatonin is a supplement made just for dogs. Animal studies have shown promising results supplementing melatonin to animals for adrenal support. By supporting the adrenals to be balanced, with normal cortisol production, dog owners report normal hair growth, less stress, normal energy levels and normal appetite and urination in their dogs.
For dogs who experience anxiety for any reason (such as separation anxiety), melatonin is often the key to helping dogs maintain less stress in their day.
Pet Melatonin can also assist dogs if normal sleep patterns need to be achieved.
To recap, Pet Melatonin can help with:
- Normal cortisol production by the adrenal glands
- Normal hair growth
- Regular appetite and urination
- Anxiety from separation and less stress
- Anxiety due to things like loud noises
- Sleep patterns
A Note from our Veterinarian...
A primary recommendation for dogs who are taking Adrenal Harmony Gold, is to also administer Pet Melatonin. Some dogs will initially experience an increase in relaxation (decreased activity) and more sleep. This usually stabilizes within about two weeks.
As mentioned, the daily administration of Pet Melatonin (and thus a constant level in the bloodstream) is what helps to target the cells of the adrenal gland and cause more normal cortisol production.
As a third recommendation, look for a reputable supplier of lignans. The perfect combination to supporting dog adrenals is:
- #1 Adrenal Harmony Gold
- #2 Pet Melatonin
- #3 Lignans
Make sure your dog receives a diet high in nutrients. A supplement like SPARK found here: http://www.petwellbeing.com/products/spark-daily-nutritional-supplement-for-dogs-and-cats-200g contains nutrients and superfoods from whole food sources, along with probiotics and enzymes for overall good health, immunity and energy.
Can my dog take Pet Melatonin with prescription drugs?
There are no studies showing drug interaction with prescription drugs. Always check with your veterinarian
Does it come with a guarantee?
Yes! Melatonin for Dogs comes with a 90 day money-back guarantee.
Why choose Pet Melatonin for your canine friend?
- Pure, synthetic melatonin: No animal tissue is used to create Pet Melatonin, assuring no contamination from animal sources.
- It's a liquid: Easy to administer the correct amount using the calibrated dropper.
- Every batch tested: Every batch of our Pet Melatonin is tested to ensure the highest quality and purity. Every single batch.
- Certified GMP Facility: Nationally recognized quality control procedures are meticulously monitored. Consumers can be assured that the highest standards of manufacturing are strictly adhered to.
- FDA-Registered Facility: Our manufacturing facility is FDA-registered. Strict quality control procedures are meticulously monitored.
- FDA Center for Veterinary Medicine Guidelines: Pet Wellbeing complies with the provisions of the CVM's good guidance practices for pet dietary supplements. All ingredients and caution statements adhere to these national guidelines.
- It's guaranteed: In addition to the superior quality of our products, you are also protected by our 90 day money-back guarantee.
- Manufactured in the United States
Who makes Pet Melatonin for Dogs?
Pet Melatonin for Dogs is made by Pet Wellbeing, founded in 2001. Our goal? To bring the wisdom and experience of our caring holistic veterinarians to your pet. When your pet is healthy; you are happy.
To fulfill our vision, our on-staff, holistic veterinarians have developed formulas using time-honored, traditional uses of herbs and integrated the latest scientific research. It is our aim to produce the best products for your pet that we can.
These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product and information is not intended to diagnose, cure, treat, mitigate or prevent any disease or condition.
Naturally supports dogs' adrenal glands. Use with Adrenal Harmony Gold.


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Happy New Year!
As 2019 kicks off, I'm eager to set new running goals, sign up for some races, and create a plan for the new year. But before I do so, I'm going to reflect on the progress that was made this past year
2018 was a pretty well-rounded year in terms of running. After a few weeks off during the holidays, the year started by training for a 25k. This training plan kept me motivated during the winter and helped me discover some of the joys and advantages of low mileage running!
Shortly after spring races were complete, I eagerly began marathon training for my sixth marathon. After not getting into the Marine Corps Marathon lottery, I decided to sign up for a race that was close to home and took place late in the fall.
Summer was spent moving across the state, looking for a house while maintaining training, and adjusting to our new location. As training ramped up, we decided to adopt a puppy (which presented more challenges than I could have imagined)!
Despite the challenges, the marathon was by far my best one yet. After a successful fall marathon, I spend the last few months of the year running festive races and getting in some relaxed miles with the pup.
Here are some of my running favorites from 2018!
2018: A Year of Running in Review
Completed races: 7
Fifth Third Riverbank 25k
After avoiding spring races for years because I couldn't find the motivation to train during the winter months, I finally decided that a race on my birthday in my favorite city was enough of a sign to just do it.
I was pleasantly surprised with how well training for this 25k went. Using a low mileage training method, I was able to complete all of my long runs and mid-week runs feeling better than ever.
Race day was definitely a cold one and filled with plenty of challenges, but brought enough fun and excitement to make up for it! I ran the entire race with my mom and it made for a very memorable birthday.
Bayshore Half Marathon
Two weeks after the 25k, I ran the beautiful Bayshore Half Marathon in Traverse City, Michigan. The weather was drastically different for this race and it certainly felt like summer!
I was a little nervous how this race would play out since I significantly cut back my mileage for the two weeks leading up to it after the 25k, but things went better than I could have expected.
The course was beautiful and the race was a perfect way to come back after an extended taper and rest period.
Chicago Rock 'n Roll Half Marathon
Speaking of weird weather – this half marathon definitely takes the cake. I decided to run this half for fun in Chicago after just a few weeks of marathon training.
The weather decided to throw us a few extra challenges with continuous downpours and unseasonably cool temperatures on race day. I don't think I've ever run in so much rain before!
Despite the torrential downpours, there were still tons of spectators and runners who showed up on race day. Running in the rain was well worth it!
Detroit International Half Marathon
After completing the full marathon in Detroit in 2015, I knew I would have to come back! This race series is one of my absolute favorites. My mom and I signed up in the beginning of the year, not knowing that my husband and I would end up moving to metro Detroit just months before race day.
This race course takes you over the Ambassador Bridge into Canada, and then back to Detroit through the underwater tunnel. It is truly one of a kind! The weather felt chilly at the start but ended up being the perfect temperature.
I love the size of this race and everything about the scenery. My mom and I had a great experience! I used this race as a long run during marathon training just two weeks before the marathon.
Indianapolis Monumental Marathon
This was my sixth marathon, and the first full I have gone into with a time goal. I was very nervous about setting a challenging goal for myself with a distance that takes so much out of you, but am beyond happy that I did.
Adding speedwork to my marathon training plan was just what I needed to mix things up each week and keep me focused.
It seemed like so many things were working against me in the few weeks leading up to this marathon, but that just left me feeling more determined than ever. Even though I started late and didn't get GPS right away, I was still able to catch up to the pacer and beat my marathon PR by 13 minutes. I will remember this marathon forever!
Kona Chocolate Run 10k
I signed my husband and I up for a local 10k two weeks after the marathon to keep myself motivated and ease the transition back to running after recovering.
This race was chocolate themed, and although we both did not want to wake up early on a Saturday, we were both so glad we did it. It ended up snowing for the first time all year during the race, so everything was beautiful!
We refueled with tons of chocolate and enjoyed our endorphins all day long.
Whoville 5k
This race was one of the most festive I have ever seen. Just about every runner was dressed up and I truly felt like I was running amongst the whos of Whoville!
My mom and I ran this race together and it was a great way to get in the spirit of the holidays. Everyone was happy to be there despite the cold and we were able to refuel with some delicious cookies. This was a great race to close out the year!
Best Race
Although there were many great races this year, the best race would have to be the Indianapolis Monumental Marathon. Even with a really great training season, I was a little worried about my abilities to hit my goal on race day. And when numerous obstacles presented themselves in the weeks leading up to race day, this worry definitely grew.
Hitting my goals and finally beating the PR that I unintentionally set during my first marathon was even sweeter than I could have imagined. I really gave it my all during this marathon and it is a race I will never forget.
Best Run
There were a lot of great runs this year. Many of my best runs took place while training for the 25k in the beginning of 2018, when I was using a low mileage strategy and had given up sugar. Each long run felt even better than the one before, with no aches and pains or mental fatigue.
Aside from the 25k training season, my best run was actually the 20 miler during marathon training. I met my mom for this run and we ran on a beautiful trail at the peak of the fall color season. The weather was cooler than usual and I ended this run with more energy than I expected!
Favorite Piece of Gear
There are SO many pieces of running gear that I couldn't live without – it's so tough to narrow everything down to just one. Since it's winter, I have cold weather on the brain and am stuck between my favorite running leggings and these mittens. Both items are staples at this time of year and I could not get out the door without them!
Favorite Running Gadget
My favorite running gadget is definitely my watch, the Garmin Forerunner 235 with Wrist Heart Rate Monitor. It really revitalized my running this year as I got into the depths of marathon training and my first season of structured speed workouts. Having a heart rate monitor helped me keep track of my progress and make sure I was never doing too much or recovering too little. I will forever love this running watch.
Favorite Running Posts
One of my favorite things to do at the end of the year is look back through all of the posts I have written! Some were written quickly, many took time, and quite a few were filled with inspiration from something I'd seen or experienced recently. Here are my favorite blog posts from 2018.
- 7 Training Strategies to Achieve Your Next Race Goal
- The Biggest Obstacle Keeping You From Fitness Success
- 10 Lessons I Learned in My First Year of Marriage
- The 5 Biggest Mistakes Runners Make (and How to Fix Them)
- My Journey with Running and Autoimmune Disease
- What to Do When Your Goals Feel Out of Reach
- A Message for Anyone Going Through a Tough Time
- When You Have Nothing Left to Give
2018 has been a year filled with its fair share of successes, failures, challenges, trial, progress, change, consistency and happiness. It's easy to forget everything that has occurred within the past 365 days when we are wrapped up in the busyness of the holiday season.
Today I am spending time reflecting, dreaming, and created. 2019 has all the potential to be the greatest year yet, and I am eager to make it so.
Happy to new year, friends!


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Business Law Attorney
Whether you're just starting your business and need help in choosing and registering your entity, or whether you're looking for ongoing corporate advice, such as Director's duties, annual and shareholders meetings, we can help!
Business Law Attorney in Seattle
Over the years we've helped hundreds of companies just like yours start-up and develop.
We provide initial and on-going strategic advice to directors and officers of companies, we help establish partnerships, joint ventures and strategic alliances, while also providing support to company (legal) secretaries. We can prepare a business plan tailored to the objectives of your business and ensure that it meets the requirements posed by financial institutions and venture capitalists. We can also draft contracts for your company, including independent contractor agreements, licensing agreements, sales, and leases.
And, we can work within any company's budget.
Intellectual Property Protection – Trademarks, Copyrights, and more
We also provide Intellectual Property Protection, from trademarks and copyrights to the internet and domain names. Intellectual Property represents a critical, if not the most critical, asset of a business, and therefore we make the domestic and international protection of these intangibles a top priority.


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Courtney Strutt Todd is a participant in the 2009-10 class of the Greater Des Moines Leadership Institute (GDMLI). The program's goals are to develop future leaders, instill a higher level of community awareness, and stimulate active involvement. Since 1979, it has proved to be an incubator for some of the metro's top leaders.
The Davis Brown Law Firm has had a strong commitment to the GDMLI since inception. Arthur Davis was one of the founders of the organization, and Courtney marks the 22nd member of the firm to participate in the program.
More information available at http://www.gdmli.com/gdmli/.


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Of wallpapers and what covers them
I keep seeing all these posts about "Share your desktop" or "10 best Linux wallpapers." or "Minimalist desktops".
Sure they're all fun, and you certainly want your working environment to look pretty… but ultimately, spending hours upon hours cajoling your desktop into something you can admire is a waste of time.
Why? Because when you're doing actual work, you're not looking at your desktop. You're looking at a browser. You're looking at a terminal, or a text editor. You're looking at something other than your wallpaper.
Any area of your screen not covered by windows is wasted space. This explain the popularity of tiling window managers, which help manage what you see at any given time with a minimum of fuss.
But hey, it's just my opinion.


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October 21, 2013
August 16, 2013
August 12, 2013
August 11, 2013
Though it may seem hard to believe, Jeff Cohn was not always a tennis (or any sport) enthusiast. Always dabbling in creative writing, he would write about anything non-sports. But after witnessing the Verdasco vs. Nadal match in the 2009 Australian Open his life changed forever.
Nowadays it is hard to find him not writing, doing, or saying something tennis-related. Jeff brings a unique style to Bleacher Report with his captivating topics and "curveball" articles. He looks to attract as many non-tennis fans to the sport as possible because he could not have imagined a life without it.
Jeff has titles as both a Featured Columnist and Tennis Community Leader for Bleacher Report.
He is currently a student at the University of Miami in Florida, where he is Majoring in Electronic Media (through the School of Communication) and plans on additionally Triple Minoring in Business Administration, Sports Administration, and Music Business and Entertainment Industries.
All feedback/questions are appreciated and encouraged and you can send him a message if you have anything you would like to say, especially if it pertains to issues within the community!
The boxer Klitschko from Ukraine - pro-American! It supports the new illegal Ukrainian power which came by revolution and overthrow with support of the American politicians! As also Klitschko receives the financial help from America to support this illegal Ukrainian power. This new illegal pro-American government uses the weapon, volley hail systems, tanks and phosphorus-incendiary bombs against peace and unarmed inhabitants! And Klitschko too supports it! PEOPLE, Klitschko - the fascist because it, supports this fascist power which by means of America came to the power in Ukraine! People, tell at home about this boxer Klitschko - he isn't worthy the champion titles and awards! Klitschko - a condom! Кому интересна правда, кто может и не боится рассказать своим друзьям эту правду и кому не безразлична судьба МИРА - пишите и спрашивайте: firstname.lastname@example.com
Jeff, great to hear from you. We could always use your articles here on BR. They've improved the organization and structure, but we are always in need of truly knowledgeable tennis fans who understand the sport.
I'm guessing that you are very busy with college or post-collegiate opportunities. Really hope all goes well for you. Keep in touch when you can. Jeremy.
what are your thoughts on the 2013 season? it was a good season i reckon, with no one player dominating slams or the rankings. Bring on 2014!
hey Jeff, u excited for a potential Hewitt-Federer showdown in Shanghai? gonna be a classic
hey Jeff, did u have a funny feeling that Hewitt was going to beat Del Potro? I could feel it comin, it was an ideal match up for him, he's really starting to look fresh in the mind and body. So good to see him in front of a packed Arthur Ashe, he deserved it. Think he'll go deep into the 2nd week?
hey jeff, just left a post on ur blueprint for the perfect tennis player article. About Rafter's Montreal Cincinatti US Open treble in 1998. Hasn't been achieved since in 15 years. would be a good idea for an article
Hey Jeff! Thanks for reaching out!
Who is your favorite for the US Open???
Thanks for the prop on the Jerzy article, Jeff. Good to see you writing more articles, and it's great to see a lot more quality being organized for the tennis site here.
Jeff, you've said that you don't have Editors for a specific sport to really check the quality of articles but surely there must be something or some way that you can work around this & check for the quality of articles (especially in Tennis!) & to improve the way that Writers spend their hours actually "writing."


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Kitchen Worktops Replacement Services
Whether you are looking to replace your current kitchen worktops because they are looking old and worn out, or you are about to build a new home with new kitchen, in this article we'll look at some great options for those new kitchen countertops.
While many people over the years have opted for laminate, timber, metal or concrete, in this article we will focus on the beauty and benefits of using both natural stone or quartz stone for your kitchen worksurfaces.
Natural Stone
Both marble stone and granite stone have been the natural stone of choice for decades now when it comes to kitchen worktops. These two stones not only offer a wide variety of hues and textures, but they have always been synonymous with style and luxury. Marble and granite exude opulence, yet you don't have to be wealthy to have these two beautiful natural stones adorning your kitchen.
If you think natural stone may be within your renovation budget, then definitely consider marble or granite kitchen counter tops. They look a million pounds and really are not that expensive.
When quartz is used in the kitchen for your worktops and splashbacks, the results can look just as stunning as natural stone. The true beauty of quartzis not just in its vast array of colours, patterns and styles, but also in its cost. It's a cheaper alternative to marble and granite, yet still exudes class and style without breaking the budget. Common types of quartz supplier include:
- Silestone
- Caesarstone
- Classic quartz
- Compac
- Unistone
All of the above will achieve stunning results. It's just as matter of which engineered stone best suits your taste and decor.
Stone Worktops Are Timeless
Whether you choose natural stone like marble and granite, or opt for a cheaper engineered stone, kitchen countertops made of stone are not only classic and timeless like timber, but the results are truly amazing. Stone worktops are durable as well, won't easily stain and, if cared for properly, will stay looking great for decades. Stone worktops may cost a little more than some alternatives, but over the long run they could actually save you money.
To check out the range of natural stone and engineered stone worktops available for your kitchen, call Palazzo Stone in Kent and have a chat about your new kitchen worktops choices.
Worktops Edge Profiles Factors To Consider
Several factors should be taken into account when thinking about edge profiles. Ideally, straight or quarter bevelled edges are great for the clean lines and angles of modern and contemporary styles. More stunning, luxurious, and intricate edges like bullnose, ogee or cove DuPont may complement the look in a classic & traditional setting.
A great complement to a more decorative edge profile would be defined crown moulding in a similar style. Another thing to take into consideration would be how the space and worktops get used. Round edge profiles like quarter round, half bullnose and full bullnose all feature simple, rounded edges, which may be safer in high-traffic areas than the more angled profiles.
There are countless other styles and combinations to choose from, but in our experience here at Palazzo Stone, very rarely do our clients rigidly stick to any one style.
We may see a kitchen that is primarily classic in style but uses straight edges on the countertops. Ultimately, a homeowner may have a more modern style to the kitchen and use quarter round instead of something more angular.
At Palazzo Stone we offer Kitchen Worktops Replacement Services including providing and installing all stone kitchen worktops, quartz,granite, and marble worktops.
Palazzo Stone LTD :Unit 26 Kencot way-Erith-DA18 4AB


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text: My wife and I have had a pop camper for 18 years and would like to get a travel trailer. It will be kept at park for the summer. we want something with a queen bed and at least 3 beds for our kids. I have started to look but the dealers are no very helpful and nor do I believe everything they say.


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The Beano has such a huge army of loyal fans that I am sure this flask will have huge appeal, though it isn't the most obvious product you would choose to feature the Beano.
The flask has a faux leather wrap with Beano cover artwork to keep you amused whilst you eat your soup / drink your tea. Buy yours at Colloco for £16.95.
Maybe they will do a hipflask featuring Viz artwork next?


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Racism. I don't get it. I never heard 1 reasonable argument to justify racism. But hey, I'm a smart guy who smokes a lot of cannabis. And cannabis cures racism. Really, it's true…
Recently from the garden
Need Something?
- Grow Journals
- Buy 420-Shirts
- Buy Marijuana Seeds
- Marijuana Books


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Ministerial visit to Apeer
Ministerial visit to Apeer
Trade and Investment Minister, Jonathan Bell MLA has announced Apeer's plans to create 25 new jobs in Ballymena as part of a £1.7m investment supported by Invest Northern Ireland.
The company has successfully launched its new maintenance–free window system,
called Lumi, for the residential housing market and is now investing in additional equipment, skilled personnel and marketing to maximise sales. Invest NI has offered the business over £399,000
to support its investment.
Jonathan Bell said: "Apeer is an ambitious company,
undertaking a comprehensive growth strategy to boost its market share across Great
Britain and the Republic
of Ireland.
"Its investment in innovation and continuous improvement measures, supported by Invest NI, will ensure Apeer has the resources, skills and equipment in place to maximise the sales potential of its new window range.
"The 25 new jobs to be recruited in the coming months, the majority of which are manufacturing roles, is very positive news for Mid and East Antrim and will generate £358,000 annually in additional salaries to the local economy."
Apeer manufactures and supplies a range of uPVC door panels, GRP external composite doors, fire doors, decorative glass units and commercial glass.
Speaking about the company's efforts to explore and target new business opportunities outside Northern
Ireland, Asa McGillian, Managing Director of Apeer,
said: "Our phased investment programme is a significant commitment for the business which is designed to help us position ourselves competitively to secure new sales.
"Our award winning Lumi window range is a unique new product that will help us leverage substantial new business in the residential housing market. Invest NI's support has been vital in enabling us to implement growth measures that mean we can take advantage of the growing demand for construction products expected in the years ahead.
"The 25 new jobs, to include a variety of roles such as production and customer services, will ensure we have the capacity to meet the expected increase in future sales. Attending key exhibitions, such as Selfbuild & Improve Your Home Belfast, the Grand Designs and FIT shows in 2016
will be valuable opportunities to raise our profile among industry leaders in the doors and windows industry and improve awareness of our product range among the general public."
Apeer's award winning windows range Lumi is a revolutionary and maintenance–free new window system for the residential housing market. Launched last year, this product offers the highest security, energy efficiency, acoustic performance and aesthetic performance of any window system in the UK and Europe.
Invest NI's support includes an employment grant for the 25 new jobs as well as R&D assistance to develop and commercialise the Lumi window range. Invest NI's R&D assistance is part funded by European Regional Development Fund.
We've got your back. and your front.
Our doors are chosen by homeowners who appreciate exceptional craftsmanship, timeless elegance and built-to-last quality. They quickly discover that all this good stuff means plenty more.


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The public relations aligned Graduate Certificate in Communications (Public Relations) provides graduates with the theory behind public relations communications; the effectiveness of various channels of communication; and the laws and ethics which impact on these. It provides those already working in communications or journalism with the necessary theoretical knowledge to be able to move into a more complex public relations role.
Online applications have currently closed.
17 weeks full-time
Up to three years part-time
Intakes are 17 weeks long
Intake 4: 03/08/2020 to 27/11/2020 - Applications close 13/07/2020
This programme is eligible for the Zero Fees Scheme.
Graduates of the Graduate Certificate in Communication (Public Relations) will have an understanding of current PR practice in New Zealand and a tool-kit of communication skills and methods with which to take a message out to communities and organisations.
They will be able to identify and influence good outcomes through a sound theoretical approach and a thorough understanding of the environment in which they work.
Graduates will be able to:
Compulsory core paper:
BPC270 Public Relations (Level 6) 15 credits
Students will study how the area of public relations is used as a way of communicating specific messages to specific target audiences. They will evaluate a range of public relations activities and be able to identify and use public relations (PR) tools and tactics. They will learn how to adapt their writing style to each particular public relations element.
On successful completion of this paper students will be able to: Define public relations; discuss the history and future of public relations in NZ; describe various public relations techniques; research for a public relations strategy; describe PR practices in various areas, such as Government, financial and investor, publicity and media, internal and employee, community and social responsibility, marketing, issue and crisis management and fundraising; identify PR solutions for various situations including those where cultural responsive is required; evaluate and measure PR success in a variety of applications; put together an audio-visual or video presentation for the purposes of PR; organise a persuasive display; write a speech; put together a lobbying package; create a brochure.
Elective papers – students are required to complete three of the following:
BPC311 Event Management (Level 7) 15 credits
Students will analyse recent publicity for major events and develop an event from concept to fruition, including the marketing and management of it. They will critically evaluate the success or otherwise of their event and reflect on various elements of event management.
On successful completion of this paper students will be able to: Analyse various publicity events nationally and globally; understand the event planning process; analyse and evaluate the different components involved in organising an event; understand consumer behaviour principles and apply them to planning an event; analyse and evaluate the different components involved in running an event; identify possible problems/risks within an event; propose strategies to minimise associated risks; develop a media plan using all appropriate media to publicise the event; write media releases; run an actual event; evaluate and critique that event including the media plan; reflect on event management practices and components in relation to event.
BPC330 Relationships, Influence and Leadership (Level 7) 15 credits
Students will be able to recognise and maximise their role in influencing decision makers and understand how to use influential tactics. They will understand some of the theories attached to influencing decision-making and know when to apply these to situations. Leadership and its qualities as opposed to management, will be examined as will the relationship between leaders and those who seek to influence them.
On successful completion of this paper students will be able to: Understand the theory/ies behind influence in the corporate and governmental sense; examine their professional role in a sphere of influence; identify and critique tactics for effective influence in their workplace; understand the key theories relating to leadership; understand the difference between management and leadership; research and apply appropriate influential arguments in a given situation; analyse own leadership style for further development; evaluate interactions between different agencies and sectors including boundaries; understand the hierarchies in relationships in corporate and government settings and how much impact certain relationships can have on decision making.
BPC370 Reputation and Brand Management (Level 7) 15 credits
Students will understand the components of reputation and brand and how these are protected in a political setting. Students will also be able to identify risks and develop strategies for brand protection.
On successful completion of this paper students will be able to: Identify a brand, its components and what makes it strong; debate the meaning and value of reputation in a political context; identify the risks to both; develop strategies for brand protection; evaluate various tactics and when these tactics should be employed; generate solutions to mitigate possible risks to brand or reputation.
BPC371 Community Engagement (Level 7) 15 credits
Students will understand and be able to strategise for the differences between community engagement, consultation and communication. Students will also be understand the decision making process and how they can contribute to this.
On successful completion of this paper students will be able to: Differentiate between community engagement, consultation and communication; propose and enact relevant models for engagement, consultation and communication; incorporate Matauranga Māori into engagement, consultation and communication as appropriate; evaluate facilitation techniques for different occasions; critique differing processes and models; examine and generate solutions from current examples.
Graduates of the Graduate Certificate in Communication (Public Relations) will be able to identify and influence good outcomes through a sound theoretical approach and a thorough understanding of the environment in which they work.Recent graduates of the Graduate Certificate in Communication (Public Relations) have gained employment in areas including education, media and retail.
Entry is open to degree graduates. However those who have been able to demonstrate equivalent practical, professional or educational experience of an appropriate kind may be granted admission.
English Language Requirements
Applicants, whose first language is not English, or who come from a country where the language of instruction in schools is not English, are required to provide evidence of having achieved one of the following
NCEA Level 3 with University Entrance, or
an International Baccalaureate Diploma or Cambridge A- level qualification for which the teaching and assessment was conducted in English; or
Cambridge Certificate in Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (CELTA),or Trinity College London Certificate in Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (CertTESOL);or
Successful completion of all primary education (being the equivalent of New Zealand primary school years 1 to 8) and at least three years of secondary education (being the equivalent of three years from New Zealand secondary school years 9 to 13) at schools in either New Zealand,,Australia,Canada, the Republic of Ireland, South Africa, the United Kingdom and the United States one of the countries listed in Rule 18.5 where the student was taught using English as the language of instruction; or
Successful completion of at least five years of secondary education (being the equivalent of New Zealand secondary school years 9 to 13) at schools in either New Zealand, Australia, Canada, the Republic of Ireland, South Africa, the United Kingdom and the United States where the student was taught using English as the language of instruction; or
Successful completion of a Bachelor's Degree, Graduate Certificate, Graduate Diploma, Bachelor Honours degree, Postgraduate Certificate, Postgraduate Diploma, Masters' Degree or Doctoral Degree, the language of instruction of which must be in English and which must be from a tertiary education provider from New Zealand, Australia, Canada, the Republic of Ireland, South Africa, the United Kingdom or the United States or
Successful completion of one of the following internationally recognised proficiency tests listed below to the level required of the programme of study and with all scores achieved in a single test during the two years preceding the proposed date of enrolment
IELTS test - Academic score of 6 with no band score lower than 5.5 TOEFL Paper based test (pBT) - Score of 550 (with an essay score 5 TWE) TOEFL Internet based test (iBT) - Score of 60 (with a writing score of 18) Cambridge English Examination - B2 First or B2 First for schools or C1 Advanced or C2 Proficiency with a score of 169. No less than 162 in each skill. OET - Minimum of Grade C or 200 in all sub-tests NZCEL - a) Expiring Level b) Current: a) Level 4 (Academic) b) Level 4 (Academic) Pearson Test of English (Academic) - PTE (Academic) score of 50 with no band score lower than 42 Language Cert - C1 Expert IESOL (LRWS) with PASS and no less than Pass in each skill Trinity ISE - ISE II with no less than distinction in any band
* New versions of some NZCEL qualifications, and in some cases new qualifications, were published on 13 June 2017. These are intended to replace pre-existing versions and qualifications, which have been given expiring status until discontinued on 31 December 2019. (a) denotes expiring (b) denotes current
Suggested study path / combinations
Full time study
Full time study is completing 60 credits (four papers) per intake. Full time acceptance into the programme is at the Programme Manager's discretion.
Part time study
The number of credits selected per intake should depend on work, family, and other commitments. The recommended maximum number of credits per intake compared to working hours are:
Additional Information
All SIT2LRN courses require you to have a computer and Internet access. Students are required to use their SIT webmail only for all SIT2LRN communications. All course materials and information, including assessments and due dates, are located on the online Blackboard system. Once you have been accepted into a programme you will receive an Important Information Booklet that includes information that you can use to familiarise yourself with our online Blackboard learning environment. From the intake start date you will have access to the online course materials to work through.
Facilitator Assistance: During the enrolled intake period, students have email access to Facilitators, who endeavour to respond to emails within 48 hours (week days only). All students are required, within the first two weeks of an intake, to send an email to their Facilitator confirming their start on the programme of study. Students who have not emailed their facilitator or embarked upon their course of study by the end of the 2nd week of an intake, will be Faculty Withdrawn from the programme. Such withdrawals may impact on future access to SIT Zero Fees Scheme and Student Direct Material Costs are still liable for payment.
Progress reports are sent out 6-8 weeks after the end of each intake.
We recommend students new to SIT2LRN read through the Frequently Asked Questions section of our website for further study and enrolment information.
Please use the following checklist to ensure that all relevant information and documentation has been included. Remember, your application will be assessed based on the information that you provide us with. Processing of your application will be delayed if we need to come back to you for missing information.
What is the Zero Fees Scheme?
The Zero Fees Scheme means we do not charge tuition fees. However, there is a Student Direct Material Cost that you need to pay and a non-refundable administration fee. The administration fee is for processing your application and the Student Direct Material Cost gives you secure access to Blackboard® our online learning environment and to student support services throughout your study with us.
Who qualifies for the Zero Fees Scheme?
Instructions to help you with your application:
If you are a new student …
Attach supporting documents as required and outlined on the previous page.
What happens next?
For students to be considered to have satisfactorily completed this programme and be eligible for the awarding of the qualification Graduate Certificate in Communication (Public Relations), they must have completed all scheduled course work requirements and assessments, successfully completed assessment requirements for all papers, and achieved a total of 60 credits as specified in the programme schedule. The timeframe for completion of this programme is three years.
Assessments for this programme may include written assessments, presentations, reports and online examinations.
For more information on required and recommended textbooks for this course please refer to the textbook list here.
Please note that textbooks need to be ordered at least 3-4 weeks prior to the commencement of your study
Contact us
Copyright © 2000-2020
Southern Institute of Technology
Copyright © 2000-2020
Southern Institute of Technology