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In an unrelenting display of class, stamina and durability, German-bred Thoroughbreds have stormed through the world's most glamorous races.
From the resolute Paolini and his determined dead-heat victory in the Dubai Duty Free during a globe-circling campaign of 22 consecutive G1 races in eight countries, their ranks have swelled to encompass the 2016 and 2014 Melbourne Cup winners Almandin and Protectionist, respectively; Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe heroine Danedream, and Breeders' Cup Turf victor Shirocco.
Contributing further lustrous feats have been Manduro, who repelled English and Irish Derby winners in the Prince of Wales's Stakes en route to the crown as the world's highest-ranked racehorse of his era; Prix du Jockey Club conqueror Intello; Prix Ganay champion Pastorius; California G1 winner Sabiango, and French and Australian G1 winner Seville.
Further embellishing their global gravitas was Dalicia, a group stakes performer who whose first foal, Animal Kingdom, glided across all surfaces and captured the Kentucky Derby and the Dubai World Cup. Another mare, Moonlady, a classic winner in her own right, delivered Eishin Flash, winner of the Tokyo Yushun (Japanese Derby) with a devastating turn of foot.
Undeniably, German-bred racehorses — alongside others trained in Germany, such as record-smashing King George VI and Queen Elizabeth winner Novellist — have made a big mark on the sport in recent years through elite competition around the world.
The horses Germans want to breed
What makes their accomplishments most remarkable is that they have emerged from a country that produces no more than about 850 foals a year, and one in which racing has had to battle to preserve its position in a landscape where sports betting and soccer are pre-eminent.
While much of the rest of the world puts priority on speed, shorter races and precocity, German breeders and owners prefer to focus on producing Thoroughbreds that will prevail over longer tests and are sound enough to remain competitive for years. In large measure, that is the reason for their success.
"The Germans concentrate on one thing, basically — staying races," observed Daniel Krüger, manager of the German Owners and Breeders Association (Besitzervereinigung) and a key executive for both German Thoroughbred Marketing and Gestut Fahrhof, the breeder of many top runners, including Sabiango and Arlington Million winner Silvano, who went on to be a champion sire in South Africa.
"From seven Group 1 races in Germany, there are five over 12 furlongs; the German Oaks is over 11 furlongs and there is only one over 10 furlongs," noted Krüger, who also has been associated with American-based Team Valor International.
"So, that shows where our attention goes: to the classic, staying horse. And that is what Germans want to breed. We also give them time as 2-year-olds — we don't push them or run them too soon — and those are the main reasons I would say Germany is so successful.
Sticking with traditions
"If you talk to people at the sales sometimes, they want to buy to buy a Royal Ascot 2-year-old winner, but basically their dream is to win the King George and the Derby, or the Kentucky Derby. It's not about five furlongs. At the end of the day, they want to win the Kentucky Derby and the Breeders' Cup Classic," Krüger continued. "That's why breeders like the Aga Khan, Juddmonte and the Germans do well in this industry, because they have a niche — they have a staying horse that can go the distance."
While German breeders generally stick firmly with traditions, including what Krüger described as their grandparents' resolve to ban any use of drugs and restrict from breeding premiums the offspring of any stallion that raced on medication, German racing executives have had to seek innovative ways to keep pace with challenging economics.
Andreas Jacobs, who owns Gestut Fahrhof as well as Newsells Park Stud in Britain and Maine Chance Farms in South Africa, and who has been involved in a number of entrepreneurial and investment enterprises, stepped in at the helm of Germany's elite racecourse, Baden-Baden in Iffezheim, about six years ago. Through roles as vice chairman of the German Jockey Club, vice chairman of Besitzervereinigung and non-executive director of German Tote, Jacobs is the most high-profile leader as German racing moves forward.
Jacobs' intent for Baden-Baden — which is home to a pair of Breeders' Cup 'Win and You're In' races during the racecourse's "Great Week" in early September, which also features the country's premier yearling sale, conducted by Baden-Badener Auktionsgesellschaft (BBAG) — is simply stated yet also tremendous in reach.
Old word charm
"Our goal is to make Iffezheim a racecourse that can be mentioned in one breath with Longchamp or Ascot," according to a statement on the track's website from Jacobs, who serves as one of 48 members of Breeders' Cup Ltd who elect that organization's board of directors.
Baden-Baden already conducts a colorfully unique soiree that certainly helps define its own elegant status. International racing and social dignitaries come together at the pinnacle of Great Week to walk a red carpet to the Grand Prix Ball at the Kurhaus, a white-columned resort built in the 1820s, and celebrate the sport with dinner and dancing to a full orchestra on the evening prior to Iffezheim's marquee event, the €250,000 Grosser Preis von Baden.
Just like the area in which it is located, a corner of the Black Forest nestled close to the border with France and the town of Strasbourg, the racecourse exudes a slightly 'old world' charm and elegance in its verdant setting. It also is a lively place where children have an expansive playground in which to romp or enjoy pony rides, where racegoers may bring their dogs to mingle near horses circling the parade ring, and where runners exiting the track brush shoulders with the crowd on their way to be unsaddled.
Beyond this colorful and pastoral scene, Jacobs is pushing toward the future and a financial standing that can grow to be as sound as the German racehorses.
With technology playing a big role in the recent trend of betting revenue going outside the country through bookmakers and thus away from racing, Jacobs said the Jockey Club decided to invest in Germany's largest online bookmaking business, RaceBets, several years ago. Now RaceBets, which advertises widely around Iffezheim and offers customers the chance to bet on horse racing in 40 countries and over 250,000 races annually, is channeling some profits back to German racing from its base in Malta.
Coordinated pari-mutuel offering
Jacobs also played a role in what potentially is a much bigger initiative: a joint venture with France's Pari Mutuel Urbain betting company, which is Europe's largest pari-mutuel operator and third in the world, with annual bets on racing of about €9 billion.
"For the long-term future, my hope is with our partnership with PMU — we sold 51 percent of German Tote, now called WettStar (BetStar), to PMU. We hope that PMU will invest in the country, build an infrastructure with retail and online betting, merge the French and German racing into one coordinated offering so that we become part of a PMU Central European offer with one pool, with one race program," Jacobs said in an interview at Iffezheim.
Such a larger, combined pool, along with the PMU's extensive distribution network for a combined German and French racing program, theoretically would stimulate more betting and generate more income for racing.
Jacobs also has engineered changes at the Iffezheim track, with more planned under a progressively-purposed 20-year operational contract.
"The 20-year plan includes investments in the track, so we put a new irrigation system in. We intend also to widen the track. We also will invest in infrastructure, (including) the gastronomy. Higher quality, broader quality on the cheaper level, but also on the top level. It's all about entertainment; it's all about better infrastructure for the visitors and guests," Jacobs said of the blueprint, which is a collaboration with local officials.
"This has been financed by the city of Baden-Baden, the region around Baden-Baden and ourselves, so there is unity between the political bodies and ourselves to move on and give it a 20-year perspective," he said.
Just not good enough
"We also have increased prize money by over 10 percent on average. The average prize money per race is around €24,000, which is absolutely top in Germany and also top class in Europe. We also increased the status of a few races from Group 3 to Group 2, so the quality of the races, the rating, has increased. So this is investment in infrastructure but also in the quality of the sport."
In this era of intense competition for leisure and betting money, racing must offer patrons more than just continuing to do what the sport has always done, Jacobs maintained.
"I think racing today is very much catered to the betting environment. We open the gates, every half an hour there is a race, then everybody goes home. And I think that's just not good enough. Most people just don't understand and wonder why we are not doing other entertainment," he said.
Racing can learn from the example of other sporting events, including those in the horse domain, such as the World Equestrian Festival held annually in Aachen, Germany, which draws about 360,000 people. Aachen offers popular shopping opportunities to those seeking equipment and gift items as well as many dining choices, he noted.
For now, no additional racing is planned for Iffezheim, which is one of 10 major racetracks in the nation listed by German Thoroughbred Marketing, along with Berlin/Hoppegarten, Dortmund, Cologne, Hannover, Munich, Hamburg, Frankfurt am Main, Krefeld and Dusseldorf.
Other income streams
A total of 44 group stakes feature on the German racing calendar this year, with that program beginning in mid-April and extending into November, according to the International Federation of Horseracing Authorities. Only a dozen racing days are conducted in Iffezheim, making Baden-Baden truly one of the world's most boutique racing centers — but also one that must seek other income streams to secure profitability.
"For 348 days, there is nothing much here. There are shows for flowers, one for trucks and machinery for farming. But then we talk about 340 days where there is no business done, and I think there can be more — there could be more to build an income," said Krüger.
Overall, racing in Germany "is staying more or less on the same level (with race days) and the prize money is more or less stable" Kruger continued. "What we lost in the last 15 years, going back to the year 2000, is the turnover in betting because of the offshore companies that do the gambling on the Isle of Man or Gibraltar and some other places, and that's missing for racing. Turnover decreased from €120 million to €30 million. You can see how the racecourses, which earned money from betting turnover, have to earn money from different, other businesses, like sponsorship, like entrance tickets and so on and so on.
"It's a great chance as well for racecourses," he said of the opportunity to create innovative solutions for additional revenue. "Racecourses have been very passive."
But the horses that perform on those racecourses and on premier programs around the world have been just the opposite of passive. The deeds of Danedream, Protectionist, Novellist, Almandin and the others have propelled upward the bloodstock of Germany, as evidenced by the BBAG sale during Baden-Baden's Great Week.
Legacy of Monsun
When the one-day auction ended, 185 yearlings had been sold for a total of €8,426,500, up 31 percent compared to the previous year's results. Buyers included such globally known names as Markus Jooste of South Africa (joint 11th ranked owner in the world), who buys under the banner of Mayfair Speculators, the Niarchos family, the Hong Kong Jockey Club and Australian Bloodstock.
A filly by Sea The Stars bred in Ireland by Germany's Gestut Ebbesloh topped the sale on a bid of €500,000 from Jooste and his agents, Peter and Ross Doyle, who signed for eight yearlings, including a €110,000 Siyouni filly, which they bought in partnership with Jacobs' Fahrhof.
Fahrhof also joined with the Niarchos family's Flaxman Holdings in buying two colts by first-crop stallion Maxios, a multiple G1 winner in France carrying the Niarchos silks who now stands at Fahrhof.
Maxios, who led all the roughly 60 stallions standing in Germany this year by covering 110 mares, will try to carry on the legacy of his late sire, Monsun (the world's 11th-ranked stallion onTRC Global Rankings), who was responsible for much of the rise of German racehorses through his internationally accomplished G1 performers Manduro, Novellist, Protectionist, Shirocco, Silasol, Stacelita, Almandin and 2013 Melbourne Cup winner Fiorente (bred in Ireland).
"There is an international syndicate of English breeders, Irish breeders, and all the major German breeders and ourselves," said Flaxman racing manager Alan Cooper of those who have invested in Maxios's stud career.
Germany's leading sire
Known for his quick acceleration and serene temperament, Maxios boasts a pedigree of the highest class, being a half brother to Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe winner Bago and a grandson of French champion Coup de Genie, dam of another champion in Denebola and a half sister to influential sire Machiavellian. His fifth dam is Natalma, globally pre-eminent as the producer of Northern Dancer.
Among established sires, Soldier Hollow (world-ranked 25), a multiple G1 winner by In The Wings from the female family of Nureyev and who ruled as Germany's Horse of the Year in 2004, currently leads all others in Germany by progeny earnings. The resident of Gestut Park Wiedingen in northern Germany also topped BBAG sale sires by aggregate, with 23 yearlings sold for a total of €1.5 million.
In the TRC Global Rankings, he is top among stallions who have most of their runners in Germany
Leading runners by Soldier Hollow include Australian G1 winner Our Ivanhowe, who while in Germany won the Grosser Preis von Baden; the aforementioned Prix Ganay and Deutsches Derby victor Pastorius, who, like Maxios, has his first crop of yearlings this year and stands at Fahrhof, and this year's Henkel-Preis der Diana (German Oaks) winner Serienholde.
So, even though German breeding and racing remains surprisingly small in numbers, the burgeoning quality that has emerged around the world is being honed to yield more glory in the years to come.
With about 525 active breeders in Germany, and most of those having only a few horses, the national emphasis continues to be, as it has been for over a century, raising solid, sound horses that can run over classic distances.
Land of the owner-breeder
"Seventy-five percent of our breeders in Germany have only one or two mares. That means they put a lot of hard work, patience and passion into breeding — into the nomination, into the stallion selection, into the mare, into raising the foal," Krüger said.
"A lot of Germans, even if they try to be commercial from their head, in their hearts, they are still owner-breeders. If they don't sell, they keep the horse and they send it to their traditional trainer."
Their insistence on this kind of personal involvement, as well as not pushing juveniles to race early or often, is part of their secret.
"That's why their horses are so good, long term," Krüger said.
"Germany has a very small population of horses," Jacobs said, pointing out the significance in the nation's racing of long-standing stud farms that have been dedicated to developing female families for generations.
"We are an owner-breeder country, we are not a commercial country. We've become a bit more commercial, but essentially the strength is coming from the owner-breeders. There are families like those at the Schlenderhan stud — they have families where they have 20 generations of breeding, which is hugely impressive," Jacobs said.
Gestut Schlenderhan was founded in 1869 and has been in the Oppenheim family ever since. The farm not only stood Monsun but bred Allegretta, dam of Urban Sea and King's Best, and granddam of Galileo and Sea The Stars; the farm also bred the newest Melbourne Cup winner, Almandin, a gelding whose best performance in Germany was a G2 victory.
Similarly, Jacobs and his family's Gestut Fahrhof — albeit with a shorter history, having been founded in 1965 — have produced a bevy of landmark horses, including three-time Horse of the Year and four-time leading sire Acatenango and his six-time leading sire, Surumu, as well as Horse of the Year Lomitas, sire of Danedream.
"And so the quality comes from the owner-breeders — that's the backbone (of German racing)," Jacobs said. "These big studs will always be there. They have been there 150 years and there is no reason they shouldn't be there in the next 150 years."


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Wednesday, April 2, 2008
Military Recruitment at schools
Under rules that will take effect April 28th 2008, defense officials said they want the exact same access to student directories that is provided to all other prospective employers.
The Army Times says, students can opt out of having their information turned over to the military only if they opt out of having their information provided to all other recruiters, but schools cannot have policies that exclude only the military, defense officialls said in a March 28 notice of the new policy in the Federal Register.
The new policy also no longer lets schools ban military recruiters from working on campuses soley because a school determines that no students have expressed interest in joining the military. If other employers are invited, the military has to have the same access.
Federal funding can be cut off if colleges and universities do not give recruiters and ROTC programs campus access. While student financial assistance is not at resk, ohter federal aid, especially research funding, can disappear if a school does not cooperate.
Here's a link to the Army Times story:
Locally, Dave Meserve is circulating petitions called the Arcata Youth Protection Act and the Eureka Youth Protection Act. AN ORDINANCE TO PROHIBIT THE MILITARY RECRUITMENT OF ANY PERSON UNDER THE AGE OF EIGHTEEN.
Since these would be passed by the voters and not the school boards, this new military policy would seem to be exempt from cities that pass such ordinances by popular vote.
Find out more about Dave Meserve's ordinances here: http://homepage.mac.com/juanwilson/islandbreath/2008Year/17-peace_war/0817-04BanRecruiting.html
How do you feel about recruiting kids under the age of 18?
4 comments:
- Greg Sebourn said...
If other prospective employers, such as police and fire departments can have access to student job fairs, then so should the military. If you ban one, you must ban them all. Additionally, I believe that the freedom of speech, although at times unpleasant, cannot be infringed upon whether we are talking about the military or the medical profession in a recruitment atmosphere. However, if there were a company that sought to hire employees as peacemakers (such as the U.S. State Department), they could come and recruit those students who believe in diplomacy over war.
As parents, if we raise our children well, they will make sound choices...I hope!
- April 3, 2008 at 4:32 PM
- Eric V. Kirk said...
If you ban one, you must ban them all.
Not necessarily true under the law. Unless the discrimination is based upon a "suspect class" such as race, national origion, or religion, or a "quasi-suspect class" such as sex, class, or sexual preference, discrimination may be justified with only a "rational basis" as opposed to a "compelling state interest."
What military recruiters do have access to is students' private information. Private employers don't have that. It remains an open legal question as to whether a student has standing to demand that a school keep his/her records out of military hands.
- April 3, 2008 at 8:00 PM
- Tom Sebourn said...
If a student isn't 18 years of age, how can they sign a contract that could effect them for the rest of their lives? If all recruiters are to have equal access to our kids in school, that would have to allow the Hollywood Sex industry to recruit our kids.
Who is going to agree with that?
- April 4, 2008 at 4:53 PM
- Carlhandup said...
Where in the world does a representative of a local city government have the time to propose restricted access of potential employeers, vice addressing critical issues impacting the needs of the people of Arcata.
Say the hell out of these yound adults lives, there is information available to all concerned on the goods and the bads of being in the military.
Let these young people make up their own minds...we don't need any further government intervention in our lives.
- April 4, 2008 at 9:29 PM


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States Adjust Course on School Turnaround Districts
States adjust course on special districts
In the waning years of the No Child Left Behind Act, school turnaround districts became a solution du jour for many state legislatures: Take all of your worst-performing schools, place them in their own state-controlled district, and either run them directly or hand them over to a charter school operator. A network of autonomous, independently-run schools was seen as a route to swift, efficient, and inspirational improvement.
To date, six states have experience with some form of turnaround district, their startup costs paid in a variety of ways, including by philanthropists, state funding, and federal School Improvement Grant money.
Factors Driving Change
As the new school year starts, the turnaround-district picture reflects some changes. Among the factors: high-profile community backlash to the school takeover process in some places; new wrinkles to the school improvement process under the Every Student Succeeds Act as NCLB's successor; and a desire on the part of state legislators, governors, and district leaders to adjust course.
Louisiana and Tennessee have dramatically scaled back their estimates of how many schools they had hoped to run in the coming years, shuttering some schools and handing back to local officials control of others.
Michigan eliminated its entire turnaround district this summer under new legislation, returning control of all the schools to local Detroit officials.
Meanwhile, Nevada's district took over its first two schools this year, though the takeover process is much more incremental and provides districts more flexibility than Tennessee's Achievement School District.
And North Carolina and Georgia are planning to jump-start statewide turnaround initiatives by the fall of next year.
"The recognition of the dire need to improve these poorly performing schools is a positive," said Ron Zimmer, a professor at the University of Kentucky who has studied the impact of school turnaround districts. "However, with the actual implementation of this focus, you need to be careful because you could end up alienating teachers, parents, and communities that are affected."
At the same time, ESSA gives districts more powers to come up with their own turnaround strategies before the state intervenes. And the law allows states to set aside up to 7 percent of their Title I money, which focuses on disadvantaged students, for turnaround initiatives.
Here's a roundup of school turnaround district activity in a number of states:
Georgia: Georgia's state board of education is currently searching for the overseer of its turnaround initiative. The initiative was set up last legislative session after the failure of a ballot initiative pushed by Republican Gov. Nathan Deal to create such a district.
The new turnaround chief will guide districts in their efforts, matching them with resources, charter operators, and consultants. At no point in time, though, will the state directly run schools. The state expects to hire a turnaround czar by November this year and begin operations next school year.
The new school year brings changes for states that are starting—or, in at least one case, dropping—state-directed efforts to turn around some of their lowest-performing schools.
Georgia: The state board of education is set to hire this fall a "chief turnaround officer" to oversee the fate of the state's lowest-performing schools. The officer will serve in an advisory role and won't directly run schools, but will advise districts on whether the schools should be shuttered or handed over to a charter school operator. The process was passed by the legislature last year after an effort led by Republican Gov. Nathan Deal failed on the ballot.
Louisiana: The state now controls less than half the schools it once had in its recovery school district. This year, the state is taking a less heavy-handed approach with its turnaround efforts. The state screens turnaround management consultants and charter operators and gives schools ranked academically in the bottom 5 percent a chance to pick from a series of turnaround initiatives.
Michigan: The state dissolved its state-run Education Achievement Authority this summer after raucous debate over the academic effectiveness of the takeover process led to legislation scrapping it. The schools were returned to Detroit Public Schools.
Nevada: The state is operating its first two schools under the Nevada Achievement School District this school year. The state-run district hands low-performing schools over to charter schools to run.
Tennessee: Under its Every Student Succeeds Act accountability plan, the state gave its district superintendents more time to make improvements in the turnaround district.
North Carolina: The state this week will publish a list of the bottom 5 percent of schools. Next year, the state will either shut two of those schools down or hand them over to a charter operator.
"The proof is in the pudding," said Kevin Tanner, a Republican state representative who authored the original legislation. "What we're doing is not working. We need to do things differently."
Louisiana: The state has the longest-operating turnaround district, created in 2003 shortly before Hurricane Katrina devastated large swaths of the city and scattered its student body and teaching force. At its height, the Recovery School District, which handed direct authority over underperforming schools to charter school operators, had more than 107 schools under its watch. But over the last several years, the state has given back control to the local school board, and this school year the RSD has 40 schools.
"We're putting faith in the idea that people closest to students have the best plans for those students," said Kunjan Narechania, the chief of the RSD.
The state this year also entered into an agreement with Shreveport school officials to jointly operate 14 persistently underperforming schools. The schools are placed under the direction of a board made up of community members and state officials, who then come up with turnaround plans for the schools.
More than 17 percent of Louisiana's schools fall into the lowest-performing categories on the state's accountability system and, if they don't improve, would be eligible to be folded into the RSD. The state this year set up a competitive grant that would allow district administrators overseeing schools in the state's bottom 5 percent to select from a slate of turnaround consultants, charter operators, and curriculum providers. Awards are to be announced later this month.
Michigan: The legislature this year disbanded its state-run turnaround district after a long-standing dispute over the powers of the state and the effectiveness of the takeover process. The Education Achievement Authority was established in 2012 and, at its height, ran 15 schools. The Detroit school board now operates the remaining schools, three of which are run by charter operators.
Nevada: This school year, the state took over its first two schools as part of its Achievement School District, established by the legislature in 2015. One of the schools, an existing charter school, was taken over by Democracy Prep, a New York City-based charter school operator. The state's law allows for the district to absorb up to six schools a year.
Rebecca Feiden, director of the Nevada ASD, said in order to build district and community support, the state's department of education has scrutinized potential charter providers' ability to engage with the community and take over existing schools. In addition, the state education department is advocating the legislature allow for parents whose children are in certain low-performing schools to petition for state intervention of low-performing schools.
"This is not about finding one solution, It's about finding the one that works in that context," Feiden said.
North Carolina: This week, the state is expected to announce a list of schools eligible to be taken over by the state, said Drew Elliot, the North Carolina education department spokesman.
The legislature established the district in 2016, but the takeover process has stalled as Democratic Gov. Roy Cooper has been in a legal dispute with lawmakers over the powers of the Democratic-controlled state board of education and the Republican state superintendent.
The state's process allows for the district to choose whether to shutter the school or give the reins to the state, which can run the school directly or hand the school over to a charter school operator.
Tennessee: After federal Race to the Top funding ran out, the Achievement School District this summer laid off more than half its staff. And last year, after stagnant enrollment numbers, the KIPP charter school network shuttered one of its schools operating in the district.
The district has been in a long-standing legal dispute with the Shelby County school district over student records, which buildings are eligible for school takeover, and where charter operators can recruit from.
Shelby County has operated its own innovation zone that has historically outperformed the ASD. That's fueled a movement at the state capital to lengthen the time that districts have to improve their own schools before the state intervenes, and it sparked a new initiative in Chattanooga where the state is working with the local school district to establish turnaround strategies for its schools.
Vol. 37, Issue 03, Pages 16-17Published in Print: September 6, 2017, as Tweaking School Turnarounds
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WELLINGTON (Reuters) - Stressed-out city executives looking to get away from it all have the chance to buy their own rural village in New Zealand, complete with a pub and population of 40.
Otira, a hamlet on the rainy west coast of New Zealand's South Island, is on the market for $NZ1 million (475,645 pounds).
Current owners Bill and Christine Hennah bought the rundown village in 1998 after passing through and "feeling sorry for it," Christchurch-based newspaper The Press reported on Friday.
They paid $NZ80,000 (37,253 pounds) for the hotel or pub, school, railway station, town hall and 18 houses making up the village near the Arthur's Pass National Park that dates back to 1923.
The village developed when the Otira railway tunnel was opened, and during its heyday was home to about 600 workers and their families.
But the couple, now aged in their 60s, say they no longer have the energy to run the hotel. They are asking $NZ350,000 for the hotel or $NZ1 million for the whole lot.
"We need someone to build it up again. There is a lot of potential and opportunity," Christine Hennah told The Press.
Writing by Belinda Goldsmith, Editing by Dean Goodman
Our Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.


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Unions have played an essential role in protecting the employment rights of onstage actors, musicians, singers, and dancers since the beginning of the 20th century. Organized labor also has a long history of representing the interests of behind the scenes playwrights, composers, lyricists, designers, and stagehands. The initiative to unionize often stemmed from a desire by arts workers, especially freelancers with no leverage, to make sure they were treated fairly in terms of compensation and working conditions by the administrative leaders of commercial and non-commercial arts groups.
While those on the administrative staffs of arts organizations also work to earn a living, they have not been motivated solely by monetary rewards. Many of us shifted at some point in our careers from making art to helping others do so. We were thrilled to find gainful employment at organizations driven by missions that matched our passions and, therefore, accepted without question that we would be paid less than those doing comparable work at commercial enterprises. New research from Duke University documents this shockingly familiar practice of exploiting workers who are passionate about what they do. For a complex set of reasons, however, administrative personnel at some non-profit arts organizations are, like Howard Beale in Network, now saying "I'm as mad as hell, and I'm not going to take this anymore!"
Recently, hundreds of museum workers have been posting their salaries to a Google Spreadsheet, to use transparency as a strategy to foster greater internal and external pay equity. In a more formal collaborative effort to raise their pay and benefits, employees of the New Museum, the Tenement Museum and Brooklyn Academy of Music (BAM) in New York City recently voted to join Local 2110 UAW, which already represents workers at the Museum of Modern Art, the Bronx Museum of the Arts, and the New-York Historical Society. Other union organizing efforts have also taken place or are currently underway at the Frye Art Museum in Seattle and The Guggenheim Museum in New York City.
While it is difficult to generalize about what may have led employees to unionize at individual institutions, a number of factors affecting all non-profit arts and culture groups might be at play:
- The premise that working for an organization that produces great art justifies less than great compensation is no longer acceptable;
- The financial challenges faced by some non-profit groups have prevented them from giving salary increases that keep pace with living expenses;
- Pressure from donors to minimize administrative overhead has reduced the percentage of organizational resources available for staff compensation;
- A perception among non-unionized workers (which may or may not correlate to reality) that those in their organizations who are members of a union are treated more fairly;
- The macro-economic environment that has created historically high-income inequality has produced a hugely insecure generation of highly educated workers who legitimately cannot make ends meet, especially in regions where real estate values have been skyrocketing; and
- Management communication styles around compensation policies that are not very transparent and do not provide feedback loop mechanisms for those who are disgruntled.
Whether or not employees choose to join a union, which is, of course, their legal right, there are several things that the board and staff leaders of non-profit arts groups should be doing to reduce the incentive for those workers to do so:
- To attract and retain qualified personnel, they should always be treated fairly, and with respect and dignity;
- While administrative staff can be expected to work hard, job expectations should be set realistically for each position, so that an individual with the necessary skills and experience can complete the work within a reasonable number of hours each week (and still have a life outside work);
- The salary range for each position should be set within the financial parameters of an organization's resources, but with the goal of it being benchmarked against the range that is offered, where possible, by for-profit companies, as well as comparable non-profit organizations;
- The actual compensation paid to each individual should be based on his or her individual skills, experience and job performance (evaluated annually relative to clearly defined goals), but fair and equitable, relative to the compensation structure provided to others within the organization;
- Organizations should provide confidential forums in which individual employees can feel comfortable expressing frustrations and concerns about their compensation, or any other aspect of their employment, without fear of retribution; and
- The board should have a standing Human Capital Strategy Committee (formerly the HR Committee), which is charged with the review and approval of employment policies and procedures and oversight of management's administration of those policies.
While it is not possible to satisfy the compensation expectations of everyone, especially during these challenging times, non-profit arts groups would be wise to remember that the attainment of their public service missions requires having human capital strategies that are as robust as their financial capital and programmatic strategies.


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Isleño (Spanish pronunciation: [izˈleɲo], pl. isleños) is the Spanish word meaning "islander." The Isleños are the inhabitants of the Canary Islands, and by extension the descendants of Canarian settlers and immigrants to Louisiana, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Venezuela, Puerto Rico, and other parts of the Americas. The name "islander" was given to the Canary Islanders to distinguish them from Spanish mainlanders known as "peninsulars" (Spanish: peninsulares) But in these places or countries, the name has evolved from a category to an identity. The name evolved to the point that when addressing the Canary Islanders of Louisiana, they would be referred to as the Isleños, or Los Isleños.
In Latin America, the Canary Islanders or "Canarians", are known as Isleños as well. Another name to refer to a Canary Islander is "Canarian" in English, or Canario in Spanish, as well as Isleño Canario.
In Latin America, at least in those countries which had great Canarian populations, the term Isleño is still used to distinguish a Canary Islander from someone from continental Spain. By the early eighteenth century it could be said there were many more Canarians and descendants of them in the Americas than in the Canary Islands. In addition, the Canarians had many children, so that now, the number of descendants of those first immigrants must be very superior to number of migrants who arrived in the Americas. In fact, the Americas were the basic destination of most Canarian immigrants, since its discovery in 1492 until the twentieth century, when combined to a lesser extent with the Spanish colonies in Africa (Ifni, Western Sahara and Equatorial Guinea; first half of the twentieth century) and Europe (since the 70's), although the emigration to America would not end until the early 80's. The culture of Cuba, Puerto Rico, Venezuela and Uruguay partially derive from the Canarian culture, as do the accents of these first three countries and of the Dominican Republic. Although most of the Canarians who emigrated to the Americas from the sixteenth to the twentieth century are well-mixed with the population, there still remain communities that preserve the Canarian culture of their ancestors in some areas of the continent, such as in Louisiana, San Antonio of Texas, Hatillo (Puerto Rico), San Carlos de Tenerife (now a neighborhood of Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic) and San Borondón in Peru.
The Canary emigration to America began as early as 1492, with the first voyage of Columbus, and did not end until the early of 1980s. Between 1492 and 1501 (in recent years the Spanish conquest of the Canary Islands (1402–1496), rediscovered by Portugal in the fourteenth century), Columbus made a stopover in the Canaries, taking away several people of there heading for Americas. These people would be established probably in Cuba (1492) and Puerto Rico (1493). Also in 1501 (or 1502), Nicolás de Ovando left Canary with several people heading to Santo Domingo island.[6] In the early sixteenth century, some Guanches of the Canary Islands were exported as slaves to Puerto Rico and the Dominican Republic (in this late until 1534). Also, in the first half of the sixteenth century, Europeans organized several groups of people chosen in the Canary Islands to colonize parts of Latin America (Buenos Aires, Mexico, Peru, Venezuela, Colombia and Florida). To these conquerors, some of whom settled permanently in the Americas, there followed some groups of Canarians who settled in the Dominican Republic and Cuba in the second half of sixteenth century (although there were also some Canarians elsewhere in the Americas in these times). In 1611, some 10 Canarian families were sent to Santiago del Prado, Cuba (although, as in the second half of the sixteenth century, also had some Canarian families and Canarians more in Americas in the first half of the seventeenth century). In 1663, by Royal Decree of May 6, 800 Canarian families were sent to the Spanish island; it is assumed that this to avert the danger that the French seize it, since to that date they already had occupied what is now Haiti. In 1678, the Spanish crown published "El Tributo de sangre (The tribute of blood)", whereby, for each ton of cargo for a product that a Spanish colony in America sent to Spain, this sent five Canary families, but generally, the number of families sent exceeded 10 families. Thus, during the late seventeenth and eighteenth century, hundreds of Canarian families were removed to Venezuela, Cuba, the Dominican Republic and Puerto Rico, with others going to places like Uruguay, Mexico, Argentina or the south of the present United States. These families were sent to populate various parts of Latin America. The tribute of blood was forbidden in 1764. Despite that, many canaries continued to migrate to the Americas to acquire better jobs and to help them escape poverty. After the independence of most Latin American countries (1811–1825) and the abolition of slavery in Cuba and Puerto Rico, these colonies (the only colonies that Spain kept in Americas) encouraged Canarian emigration. Thus, most of these people emigrated to Cuba and Puerto Rico, where they were exploited at work and paid very little. There were, however, also thousands of Canarians who emigrated to other countries like Venezuela, Uruguay and Argentina. After the annexation of Cuba and Puerto Rico to the United States and the prohibition of Canary emigration to Puerto Rico in 1898, Canary emigration was directed primarily to Cuba, with certain flows to other countries (especially Argentina and Uruguay). Since 1936, most Canarian immigrants address to Cuba and Venezuela because the country promoted international immigration, especially Spanish immigration; since 1948, most of the islanders have emigrated to Venezuela. However, since the 70's the Canarian emigration has decreased and since the early 80s, with the improvement of the Islands' economy (and Spain's in general), the Canarian emigration has fallen greatly. But with the worsening of the Venezuelan economy, many Venezuelans who are children and grandchildren of Canarian immigrants, so as many of the own Canaries who lived in Venezuela, have returned to the Canary Islands[7] (although many of them returned to Venezuela since, at least, January 2011, due to economic crisis and problems that have begun to develop in Spain). To a lesser extent, other Latin American groups (basically Cubans) of Canarian origin have also returned to the Canaries. Most Cubans living in the archipelago, lived there until the establishment of democracy in Cuba.
After a century and a half of growth there arose symptoms of crisis. The lack of output of vidueño canario, an internationally-traded white table wine (after the emancipation, in 1640, of Portugal, whose colonies were its preferred market), dragged many isleño families to the Americas. There was talk of overpopulation of the islands, so the Spanish crown decided to make the "El Tributo de sangre (The tribute of blood)", whereby, for each ton of cargo that a Spanish colony of Americas sent to Spain, they would send five Canary families. Generally, though, the number of families exported exceeded 10 families. The occupation of Jamaica by the English and the western half of Santo Domingo and The Guianas by the French, made the Crown consider this alternative in order to avoid the occupation of part of Venezuela or the Greater Antilles. In the nineteenth century, Canary lived a great economic development through trade of cochineal dye, but in 80 years of the century, trade in this product plummeted, which together with the coffee boom and the war crisis in Cuba favored a period of great depression in the Canaries. This also facilitated the Canarian emigration to Americas. Since 1893, they kept coming to Venezuela to escape Spanish military service. Moreover, in the framework of the Ten Years War (1868–1878) in Cuba, Canarian emigration was considered by Cuban autonomists and separatists as differentiated from the peninsular, leading to promote it to that place. The usual formula of emigration was employed. Complicity and fraud governed the actions of the Canarian ruling classes. In the twentieth century, poverty, the Spanish Civil War (a late 30) and the Franco regime also forced Canarian emigration to the Americas.[8]
To the reasons already mentioned, there were specific problems in some islands that also boosted Canarian emigration to the Americas. In Lanzarote, from the sixteenth to the twentieth centuries, in addition to those general problems, the people experienced terrible drought (1626–32), epidemics, house and tithe taxes, invasion of locusts, several volcanic eruptions (in 1730, whose consequences affected 57% of the population, of which 44% migrated), pirate attacks (Lanzarote suffered more pirate invasions than the other islands) and the harsh weather conditions. Therefore many people of Lanzarote emigrated to other Canary Islands (Tenerife, Gran Canaria and Fuerteventura, basically) and to the Americas (Uruguay, Argentina, Cuba, Venezuela and the south of the current United States, basically).[9]
During the eighteenth century, the Spanish crown sent several groups of Canary Islanders to their colonies in the contemporary United States. Spain's goal was to repopulate some of their colonial regions. Thus, between 1731 and 1783, several Canarian communities settled in the south of the modern United States. In 1731, 16 Canarian families arrived in San Antonio (Texas), between 1757 and 1759, 154 families were sent to Florida and between 1778 and 1783 another 2,100 Canarians arrived in Louisiana.
In this region, the Canarians settlers developed into four communities: St. Bernard Parish, Valenzuela, Barataria and Galvestown. The Isleños took part in the American Revolution and the defense of the Alamo, and after the incorporation of Louisiana and Texas into the United States, they fought in American wars such as the Civil War and both world wars. The Isleños also have been able to preserve their culture in San Antonio and Louisiana into the present, except in Florida (where, although they promoted its agriculture, most of the Canarian settlers of Florida emigrated to Cuba when Florida was sold to Great Britain in 1763, and still more left when, after being recovered by Spain, it was ceded to the United States in 1819). In addition, the Isleños have been able to preserve their language (the Spanish dialect spoke in the Canary Islands in the eighteenth century), up until the 1950s in San Antonio, and through to the present day in Louisiana, in St. Bernard Parish and to a lesser extent in Galveston, where basically the people speak the Amerindian Nathualt dialect. The people from Valenzuela speak basically French. In Florida there is also a Canarian community of recent immigrants and descendants.
Louisiana's Islenos are somewhat connected by Cuban, Puerto Rican and Dominican culture for over 200 years. These Caribbean countries are highly influenced by an earlier wave of Spanish settlers Isleños a.k.a. Canarios from the Canary Islands, who first arrived in the Americas in the late sixteenth century.
Cuba was the most influenced by Canary immigration of all Latin American countries. In 1853, a royal decree permitted emigration to all American territories, whether Spanish colonies or free nations. This increased Canary emigration to other Latin American areas, especially Argentina and Uruguay, as well as providing more immigrants for Venezuela, but the majority continued to head for Cuba. Accurate figures for immigrants during the nineteenth century do not exist, but an approximate picture can be reconstructed (Hernández García 1981). In the 20-year period from 1818-1838 for example, more than 18,000 islanders emigrated to the Americas, most to Cuba and proportionately fewer to Venezuela and Puerto Rico. This represents a significant proportion of the islands' population, and given the relative size of cities in Latin America in the early nineteenth century, a not inconsiderable shift in the linguistic balance of such places as Caracas, Havana and Santiago de Cuba. In the half century from 1840 to 1890, as many as 40,000 Canary Islanders emigrated to Venezuela alone. In the period from 1835–1850, more than 16,000 islanders emigrated to Cuba, a rate of approximately 1000 per year. In the 1860s, Canary emigration to the Americas took place at the rate of over 2000 per year, at a time when the total islands' population was perhaps 240,000. In the 2-year period 1885-6, more than 4500 Canarians emigrated to Spanish possessions (including the Philippines and Fernando Poo), of which almost 4100 went to Cuba and 150 to Puerto Rico. During the same time period, some 760 Canary Islanders emigrated to Latin American republics, with 550 going to Argentina/Uruguay and more than 100 to Venezuela. By the period 1891-1895, Canary emigration to Argentina/Uruguay was slightly more than 400, to Puerto Rico was 600, immigrants arriving in Venezuela numbered more than 2000, and to Cuba more than 17,000. By comparison, in the same half century or so, emigration to Cuba from other regions of Spain included: 14,000 from Barcelona, 18,000 from Asturias and more than 57,000 from Galicia. During the same period more than 18,000 Galicians arrived in Argentina/Uruguay, but only a handful arrived in Venezuela. These are only official figures; when clandestine emigration is taken into account, the numbers would be much larger. For example, Guerrero Balfagón (1960) has documented the illegal but significant immigration of Canary Islanders to Argentina and Uruguay in the first half of the nineteenth century.
Following the Spanish-American War of 1898, Cuba and Puerto Rico were no longer Spanish territories, but Canary immigration to the Americas continued. Until the Spanish Civil War of 1936, most islanders arrived in Cuba, and it is difficult to find a Canary Island family today in which some family member did not go to Cuba during the early decades of the twentieth century. In some of the poorer regions, entire villages were left virtually without a young male population. Many islanders returned after a few years, although some made several trips to Cuba or remained indefinitely, thus increasing the linguistic cross-fertilization between the two regions. Following the Spanish Civil War, which created even more severe economic hardships in the Canary Islands, and in view of the 1959 communist revolution in Cuba, islanders once more turned to Venezuela as the preferred area of emigration, a trend which continued until the early 1960s.
Many words in traditional Cuban Spanish can be traced to those of the Spanish spoken in the Canary Islands. Many Canary Islanders emigrated to Cuba and had one of the largest parts in the formation of the Cuban dialect and accent. There are also many elements from other areas of Spain such as Andalucian, Galician, Asturian, Catalan, as well as some African influence. Cuban Spanish is very close to Canarian Spanish. Canarian emigration has been going on for centuries to Cuba, and were also very numerous in emigration of the nineteen and twentieth centuries.
Through cross emigration of Canarians and Cubans, many of the customs of Canarians have became Cuban traditions and vice versa. The music of Cuba has become part of the Canarian culture as well, such as mambo, son, and punto Cubano. Because of Cuban emigration to the Canary Islands, the dish "moros y cristianos", or simply known as "moros" (Moors), can be found as one of the foods of the Canary Islands; especially the island of La Palma. Canary Islanders were the driving force in the cigar industry in Cuba, and were called "Vegueros." Many of the big cigar factories in Cuba were owned by Canary Islanders. After the Castro revolution, many Cubans and returning Canarians settled in the Canary islands, among them were many Cigar factory owners such as the Garcia family. The cigar business made its way to the Canary Islands from Cuba, and now the Canary Islands are one of the places that are known for cigars alongside Cuba, Dominican Republic, Nicaragua, and Honduras. The island of La palma has the greatest Cuban influence out of all seven islands. Also, La Palma has the closest Canarian accent to the Cuban accent, due to the most Cuban emigration to that island.
Many of the typical Cuban replacements for standard Spanish vocabulary stem from Canarian lexicon. For example, guagua (bus) differs from standard Spanish autobús the former originated in the Canaries and is an onomatopoeia stemming from the sound of a Klaxon horn (wah-wah!). The term of endearment "socio" is from the Canary Islands. An example of Canarian usage for a Spanish word is the verb fajarse[19] ("to fight"). In standard Spanish the verb would be pelearse, while fajar exists as a non-reflexive verb related to the hemming of a skirt. Cuban Spanish shows strong heritage to the Spanish of the Canary Islands.
Many names for food items come from the Canary Islands as well. The Cuban sauce mojo, is based on the mojos of the Canary Islands were the mojo was invented. Also, Canarian ropa vieja is the father to Cuban ropa vieja through Canarian emigration. Gofio is a Canarian food also known by Cubans, along with many others.
In the second voyage of Columbus in 1593, Columbus took a lot canaries to Puerto Rico. Then in the early sixteenth century, according to historians of Puerto Rico, were exported as slaves some Guanches since island of Tenerife to Puerto Rico and the Dominican Republic. Between 1678 and 1764 takes place called "Tributo de sangre" (Tribute in blood), by which for every ton of cargo shipped from the Spanish colonies in Americas to Spain, in exchange for 5 canarian families were sent to populate any of these colonies. However, the number exported of families to Americas often exceeded this figure. So, the first wave of Canarian migration seems to be 1695 in Rio Piedras, Puerto Rico with Juan Fernández Franco de Medina [born 1646 in Santa Cruz de Tenerife and was Governor of Puerto Rico (1st term (1685–1690) and 2nd term (1695–1697)], who arrived with 20 Canarian families.[10] This was followed by others in 1714, 1720, 1731, and 1797.
Between 1720 and 1730 some 176 families with a total of 882 Isleños or Canarians emigrated, with 60% married and the rest married in Puerto Rico.
The numbers of Canarians to Puerto Rico in its first three centuries is not known to any degree of precision. However, Dr. Estela Cifre de Loubriel and other scholars of the Canarian Migration to America, like Dr. Manuel González Hernández, of the University of La Laguna, Tenerife, agree that they formed the bulk of the Jíbaro or white peasant stock of the island.[11]
The tribute of blood was forbidden in 1764, but the poverty and overpopulation in the Canaries remained open immigration to Puerto Rico and other parts of Latin America. Now they migrated to these places to try to alleviate their poverty. After of the independence of Spanish America (1811–1825), most Canarian immigrants are directed to Cuba and Puerto Rico (the only colonies that remained Spain in Americas), both places get a lot of canaries, which were exploited at work, basically after of that those places abolish slavery. The Isleños increased their commercial traffic and emigration concentrated to the two Spanish-American colonies, Puerto Rico and particularly Cuba. Following the Spanish-American War of 1898, Canarian immigration to the Americas continued. Successive waves of Canary Island immigration came to Puerto Rico, where entire villages were formed of relocated islanders.[12]
In the 1860s, Canarian emigration to the Americas took place at the rate of over 2000 per year, at a time when the total islands' population was 237,036. In the 2-year period 1885-6, more than 4500 Canarians emigrated to Spanish possessions, with only 150 to Puerto Rico. Between 1891-1895, Canary emigration to Puerto Rico was 600. With these being official figures; when illegal or concealed emigration is taken into account, the numbers would be much larger.[13] In total, in the nineteenth century the Canarian diaspora in Puerto Rico is estimated at 2.733 people, mostly rural people, peasants tired of working for others in outside lands to them, that tended to settle in Puerto Rico in families or groups of families related to each other.[14]
In Puerto Rico whole towns and villages were founded by Canarian immigrants and the lasting influence of Canarian culture can still be seen and heard in the Puerto Rican accent and in the Cuatro, a small guitar with origins from the Canary Islands, already the Canarian Islands is the 2nd Spanish region which contributed most to formed the Puerto Rican population after Andalucia, being in addition the main Spanish community in that country in the nineteenth century.
They were the Isleños and their families who contributed most in Puerto Rico to promote agriculture as a familiar task in involving women and children, providing, in the process, a provincial rural character and Puerto Rican society, preserving the ancestral right tropics customs, traditions, folk arts, religion, language and peculiarities festivities today are fundamental features of the culture of the Puerto Rican people. For reasons of coexistence and solidarity tended to settle in areas already living other Isleños. Preferably they settled in towns like Camuy, Hatillo and Barceloneta, Some became land owner and married taino woman .Where they tended to concentrate, and to multiply themselves by the fields scattered, rural districts, cities and towns of Puerto Rico such as San Juan, Ponce, Lares, San Sebastián, Lajas, Mayagüez and Manatí, forming a series of small villages where eventually merging with other Puerto Ricans and with the peasant jíbaro.
The Isleños came up married and with children, which facilitated the preservation of the customs, traditions, religious and accent.
A group of scholars of genetic sciences, assigned to various Puerto Rican universities, conducted a study of DNA mitochondrial, which is passed through the mother, finding that the present population of Puerto Rico have in its genome a large genetic component Guanche, i.e. the Canarian aborigines, especially on the island of Tenerife. In some areas of the island, this component Guanche appears in 55% of the sampled population, while in others, particularly in the west island, the component appears in 82% of the sampled population.[14]
Another country with great isleño influence in the Caribbean islands is the Dominican Republic. Thus, already in 1501 (or 1502), Nicolás de Ovando leaves Canary with several people heading to Santo Domingo island.[7] In the early sixteenth century, according to historians of Puerto Rico, were exported as slaves to some Guanches since island of Tenerife to Puerto Rico and the Dominican Republic. In fact, according to historical data, were carried white slaves to the Santo Domingo island until 1534. The only white slaves that to date had the Crown, were the Guanches [15] (in addition, was found Guanche genes of Tenerife in some areas of the Dominican Republic in the canaries that had not migrated). There was also a small flow of Canarian settlers that arrived in the Dominican Republic in the second half of the sixteenth century, but it place was superseded by Cuba in the 80's of the same century with new settlers. However, the Dominican Republic in the mid-seventeenth century had, still, a very small population and suffered economic hardship. Thus, believed that the French, who had occupied the western part of the island of Santo Domingo (now Haiti), could also take the east of the island. Therefore, the authorities in Santo Domingo asked the Spanish crown sent Canarian families as the only way to stop French expansion.[7] Thus, for 1663 and by Royal Decree of May 6, were sent 800 Canarian families to the island Spanish, it is assumed that this was caused by the danger that the French seize it, as to date them already had occupied what is now Haiti.[15] In addition, with the Tributo de sangre (blood tribute), 97 Canarian families arrived in 1684 to the Dominican Republic and founded San Carlos de Tenerife (which in 1911 be become in a neighborhood of Santo Domingo). The Dominican authorities decided to concentrate on agriculture and livestock. They created a municipal corporation and a church for Their patroness, Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria (Our Lady of Candelaria). The population increased with the arrival of 39 families in 1700 and another 49 in 1709. Canarian families arrived in this year had to bribe the Governor to be added to San Carlos. In the first decades of the eighteenth century, another group of Canarian emigrated to Santiago de los Caballeros, where he will have an exclusive isleño militia, and another in Frontera, where the group founded Banica and Hincha in 1691 and 1702 respectively. In these latter developed a livestock region that grew thanks to trade with Haiti. The lack of financial resources and the War of Spanish Succession dilated and spaced greatly the number of families that arrived in those years. It was from that time when is increase significantly the number of Canarian migrants, but suffered a standstill between 1742 and 1749 as a result of the great war with England. The canarians settled mainly in the French border to prevent the territorial expansion of the country (founded San Rafael de Angostura, San Miguel de la Atalaya, the Las Caobas and Dajabón) and the founding of port areas of strategic interest, such as ports of Monte Cristi Province in 1751 with the arrival of 46 families between 1735 and 1736, Puerto Plata (1736), Samana (1756) and Sabana de la Mar (1760). Since 1764, the canarians are directed essentially to the Cibao. The thriving border towns would be abandoned in 1794 when ultimately become part of Haiti during the Haitian domination (1822–44). A portion of the population, specially from Cibao, moved to Cuba, Puerto Rico and Venezuela. The population of other side of the border moved to interior of the island. The isleños were, at least for a long time, the fastest growing group in the Dominican Republic. In the nineteenth and twentieth century, the flow of canaries who emigrated to this country was much less. Santana, the first president of the Dominican Republic, rented several ships to Venezuela to take to the canarian immigrants of this country who lived in the Federation War era and taking them to the Dominican Republic, but most of the 2,000 Canarian that emigrated to the Dominican Republic would return to Venezuela in 1862, when the government of Paez seemed to give security who they wanted. Many of the Canarian who settled in the Dominican Republic (between them the police deputy chief Jose Trujillo Monagas, originally from Gran Canaria and grandfather of the dictator Rafael Leónidas Trujillo) settled in the capital and in rural areas, especially in the east. During the first half of the twentieth century some groups of canarians came to the Dominican Republic, mostly after the Spanish Civil War (1936–39), when Rafael Leónidas Trujillo picked Republican exiles. Also arrived 300 canarian in 1955, when Trujillo impulsed the Spanish emigrations to his country to increase the white population in the same, but most emigrated then to Venezuela, because the negative conditions, that were unlike which were promised. Just stayed in the country some groups established in Constanza and in El Cibao[7]
During colonial times and until the end of the Second World War, the bulk of European immigrants who arrived in Venezuela were canaries and its cultural impact was significant, influencing both the development of Castilian in the country as well as food and customs. In fact it is considered that Venezuela is the country with the largest population in the world from the Canary Islands and it is common to say in the Canary Islands that "Venezuela is the eighth island of the Canary Islands." Thus, in the seventeenth century, Venezuela was the second place of Canarian emigration (after Cuba), the first in the eighteenth century, third in the nineteenth century (after Cuba and Puerto Rico) and almost alone in the second half of the twentieth century (in the first half was as many the fifth, after Cuba, Uruguay, Argentina and the Dominican Republic). Thus, in the sixteenth century, the German Jorge de la Espira in the Canary Islands recruited 200 men to colonize Venezuela, as did Diego Hernández de Serpa, governor of New Andalusia Province, when called to send another 200 soldiers and 400 slaves from Gran Canaria to Venezuela, where some of these canaries are among the founders of Cumana. Also, Diego de Ordaz, governor of Paria, took about 350 persons and his successor Jerome of Ortal to 80 people from Tenerife. Although regardless of whether they were Canarian or just people settled in the islands. In 1681, 31 Canarian families and three persons of the same origin were transported to the port of Cumaná, but this area was so unsafe that people settled in villages already founded or marched to the Llanos. Also the 25 Canarian families that were transported to Guyana in 1717 to found a village there, then migrated to the Llanos. In 1697, Maracaibo was founded with 40 Canarian families, which was followed in 1700, by another 29 in the town of Los Marqueses. Maracaibo also got 25 Canarian families between 1732 and 1738, while in 1764 another 14 families arrived, to which were added another 300 families exported to Venezuela. Many of the persons that fought in the Venezuelan War of Independence in the first half of the nineteenth century were Canarians or descendants of Canarians. Thus, also there are several notable Venezuelan leaders that are of Canarian descent, such as the precursor of independence Francisco de Miranda, philosopher Andrés Bello and physician José Gregorio Hernández, as well presidents Simón Bolívar, José Antonio Páez, José María Vargas, Carlos Soublette, José Tadeo Monagas, Antonio Guzmán Blanco, Rómulo Betancourt and Rafael Caldera. Notably, Bolívar himself had Canarian ancestors on his mother's side. More than 9,000 canaries emigrated to the country between 1841 and 1844. In 1875 to Venezuela reached more than 5,000 Canarian. Since 1936, most Canarian immigrants have gone to Cuba and Venezuela (some of the Canarian people that emigrated to Venezuela went from Cuba) because the country prompted international immigration, especially Spanish immigration and, since 1948, most of the islanders emigrated to Venezuela, a massive migration that did not end until the early 1980s (although there was a significant decrease of this migration in the 1970s, with the beginning of Canarian migration to Europe). Now, the Canarians and their descendants are scattered throughout Venezuela.[7]
The first canarians who came to Uruguay, were established in Montevideo to found and populate the region. Thus, the foundation of this city had formed by two waves of Canarians. The first one was established in the city on November 19, 1726 when 25 Canarian families came to Montevideo.[7] They organized quickly to survive in that area. Thus, the first civilian authorities of Montevideo were Canarian. They gave names to roads and geographic features.
The second group of Canarians arrived in the city on March 27, 1729. In this second expedition 30 families arrived.
Others places in Uruguay where they settled were: Colonia, San José, Maldonado, Canelones and Soria. In 1808 the Canarian merchant Francisco Aguilar y Leal sent an expedition of 200 people from the eastern islands of Canary Islands to Montevideo, recovering so the Canary emigration to Uruguay, although it was quantitatively superior in size to that of the first half of the eighteenth century (between 1835 and 1845 around the 8,200 canaries emigrated to Uruguay, which constituted 17% of all immigrants and 65% of Spanish). This emigration basically will not terminate until 1900. Thus, during the nineteenth century more than 10,000 Canarians settled in Uruguay, the majority from the eastern islands, depopulated leaving more than half of Lanzarote´s island. However, in the late nineteenth century, only 5,749 persons remained permanently in Uruguay. During the twentieth century also arrived some groups of canaries, which are still mainly of the eastern islands. Although specific figures of this emigrate are not known, the Canary emigration to this country in the twentieth century, not due have been very great, although itself enough to form specific associations of canarian people. The Canarian and their descendants are scattered throughout Uruguay.[16] Thus Uruguay ranks post five after Venezuela, Cuba, Puerto Rico and Dominic Republic in the number of people of Canarian descent.
The Canary emigration in Argentina before the nineteenth century was very low, except the people who participated in the first foundation of Buenos Aires by Pedro de Mendoza in 1535 (that were three companies of soldiers from Tenerife). In 1830, came to Buenos Aires several ships with immigrants canaries. A group of the immigrants settled in the interior and other group settle in the capital (In any case, the descendants of some Canarian families established in Buenos Aires, have diluted gradually throughout Argentina). Although the number of canaries who immigrated during the nineteenth century to Argentina was not comparable to those who emigrated to Cuba, Puerto Rico, Venezuela and Uruguay, in some years, the number of canaries was remarkable. Thus, between 1878 and 1888, emigrated to the 3,033 canaries with this target. In the twentieth century, emigration was relatively high among the islanders, but did not reach the target volume of Cuba and Venezuela and only got to be the 5 th Spanish autonomous community of immigrants in this country. Despite of this, in the 30 of that century, the Canarian government put the number of canarian and descendants of them in that country by about 80,000 people. In 1984 there were 1.038 canaries in Buenos Aires. To preserve their identity and mutual aid they created several organizations.[7] In the nineteenth century, several Canarian families of Buenos Aires, were established and Paraguay, founded the town of Candelaria.
As early as the sixteenth century, Francisco de Montejo, as did other conquerors of the Spanish colonies in Americas, recruited to Canarian expeditionaries to collaborate with him on expeditions to Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico. After of the Canarian participation in the conquest of Mexico, some Canarians people and Canarian families emigrated to Mexico between the second half of the sixteenth century and the seventeenth century (as is the case of Azuaje Families),[17] thus the Canarians founded some zones in Nuevo León. In the eighteenth century, when the Spanish crown promoted the Canary emigration to Americas through the Tributo de sangre (tribute of blood), many Canarians settled in the Mexican part of Yucatan Peninsula. Thus, settles in places as Mérida, Campeche and Quintana Roo (where be established 149 Canarians between 1733 and 1735), controlling for a large part of the eighteenth century the foreign trade which served the peninsula and still an important part of Spanish families established there.[7] Later in the twentieth century, another group of canaries was established in Mexico. His arrival came in the early 30's. However, after the Spanish Civil War, Canarian exile in Mexico led to country to some Canarians prominent intellectuals like Agustín Millares Carlo and Jorge Hernández Millares[18]
In Colombia, in 1536, Pedro Fernandez de Lugo formed an expedition of 1,500 people, half of them (750 people) Canarians, for the conquest of Santa Marta. In addition, Pedro de Heredia lead 100 men from the Canary Islands to Cartagena de Indias. However, in the sixteenth century, a period in which Canary was still repopulating, many people who emigrated to Americas from the Canary Islands were, in fact, Spaniards or foreigners, making it difficult to know how many of immigrants were really Canarians in the sixteenth century.[7] Like that are also recorded some Canarians and Canarian families, at least of Lanzarote, who settled in Cartagena de Indias and Cáceres, Antioquia, already since the second half of the sixteenth century[9] and with the approval of the tribute of blood in 1678, emigrated, at least, some Canarian families at Santa Marta.[6] In 1534, Bartolomé García Muxica, founder of Nombre de Dios, Panama, brought to several people the Canary Islands to that place.[7] So, we know of some Canarian families who emigrated to Panama during that time.[9]
In 1787, 306 canaries arrived to Mosquito Coast in Honduras. However, the plan for populating the area failed, owing to the hostility of the Zambos and Miskito Indians and the unhealthiness of the area. Only bear fruit in the Honduran port of Trujillo, where they would engage in agriculture in the surrounding lands and the highlands where they would found Macuelizo in 1788.[7] Also, in 1884, emigrated over of 8,100 canarians to a small town in Costa Rica, when this country promoted Canarian emigration to populate the uninhabited town (although some Canarian people in Costa Rica already be registered since the XVI). In 1903, a fleet arrived in the Lago Budi, Chile, with 88 canaries families -400 persons- that currently have more than 1,000 descendants. They responded to the government's call to populate this region and signed contracts for the benefit of a private company. Some were arrested while trying to escape and indigenous communities, the Mapuches, took pity on the plight of these canaries that were established in their former lands and they be did their part. The Indians welcomed them and made demonstrations in the so-called "revolt of the canarian.[19]
Little is known about and Canary emigration to Brazil. It is known, however, that since the sixteenth century, Canary was a bound transit between European vessels bound for America (many of which were bound for Brazil), which would probably moving some Canarians to the Portuguese colony. Already in 1812 a small group of Canarians (all they from Lanzarote) lived on the Santa Catarina island, in the Brazil's south. So, there an estimated of only 50 Canarian people emigrated to Brazil in this century.[20] Moreover, during the last years of the nineteenth century some propaganda leaflets were printed with the goal of sending Canarians to Brazil as labor. No information on the actual effectiveness of these measures propaganda. Moreover, in the Canary Islands are also there publications against this emigration movement, through the press insular, whose articles provide a very negative vision in when the quality of life of migrants in Brazil.[21] Also, some groups of Canary Islanders who sailed by boat to Venezuela during the early twentieth century were pushed to Brazil (where more of 100 Canarians arrived between 1949 and 1950), the French Antilles,[7] Guayana or to Trinidad Island (where 217 Canarians arrived between 1949 and 1950)[22] where they definitively established,[7] to which should added some Canarians who emigrated directly to Brazil from the Canary Islands. However, most of the canaries who emigrated to Brazil settled in this country for the 60s of the twentieth century when, as early of this century, vessels were taken to Venezuela wrecked off its coast.[21]
New Orleans, Texas, Mississippi, Gulf of Mexico, Shreveport, Louisiana
Louisiana, French language, Acadia, Nova Scotia, Quebec
Cuba, Havana, Spanish language, Granma Province, Haiti
New Orleans, Louisiana, New Orleans metropolitan area, Plaquemines Parish, Louisiana, Race (United States Census)
Ascension Parish, Louisiana, Louisiana, New Orleans, National Register of Historic Places, United States


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Welcome to OneWorkComp. We are a provider of innovative workforce solutions.
Locate us:
OneWorkComp, Inc. is headquartered in Uptown Whittier. At the moment our network of Vocational Return-to-Work Counselors provide coordinated vocational and educational services within the following regions:
Los Angeles County, Orange County, Oxnard/Ventura, Palmdale/Lancaster, San Diego County – more locations will be added soon…very soon!
In the meantime we can answer some of the Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ):
Who are we?
We are a network of Vocational Return to Work Counselors (VRTWC) providing professional vocational counseling services within California's Workers' Compensation industry. All meet the eligibility requirements to be listed on the VRTWC list that is periodically updated by the Return-to-Work Supplemental Program (RTWSP) Unit managed by California's Division of Workers' Compensation (DWC). Our counselors are bilingual in Spanish/English.
Why OneWorkComp?
Our mission is to provide individuals and educational institutions alternative and innovative workforce solutions. What does that mean? It means, providing injured workers with alternative options beyond the benefits afforded to them via the Supplemental Job Displacement Benefit (SJDB) vouchers and the network of vocational schools listed on the Eligible Training Provider List (ETPL). We strive to achieve greater results through collaboration with vocational schools to design educational programs that provide injured workers with a true viable means of returning to suitable and gainful employment.
How do we make that above happen?
Our goal as an organization is to provide our VRTWCs (Vocational Counselors) with continued training and education to better serve injured workers and those seeking to return to the job market after an extended absence from employment due to a work related injury.
We also build partnerships with the local WorkSource Centers, now commonly referred to as AJCCs (America's Job Centers of California) to leverage the benefits of the SJDB voucher with resources and potential training funds that injured workers may qualify via the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (WIOA). The goal is to access any and all resources available to individuals seeking assistance in their efforts to return to work.
WorkSource Centers can play a vital role in providing additional funding and resources that are not only crucial to helping workers find the means to pay for their vocational training, but also to help bridge the skills gaps between a workers existing job skills and work experience with the necessary skill sets required to compete for employment in a job market, a labor market that is increasingly knowledge based and technologically advanced.
How do I find out more?
Please reach out to us. You can reach us via phone at 800.693.2131 | email us at info [dot] oneworkcomp.com | you can also fill out our handy dandy online form below.


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About Pretzel Witch Fingers
You know what one of the best parts of Halloween is?
You can get away with all sorts of creepy stuff.
Like nibbling on a witch's finger, for example. You'd probably get funny looks in July, but in October? Totally okay! And everyone wants to know where they can get their on witch finger to eat!
These "finger" treats have been making the 'rounds on the interwebs for the past couple of years, and as you can clearly see, I couldn't stay away from them, either. In fact, these were the first treats I ever made for a Halloween-themed party. Even way back then when my biggest culinary achievement was to boil water, the recipe looked too easy and too cool not to give it a shot.
The only downside I ran into is that the instructions were a bit vague (such as missing exact measurements, how many pretzels it makes, how much food coloring to use, etc) so I made a recipe video to help make everything crystal clear.
This recipe has been a hit whenever I made it, and this is even in spite the fact that I have no decorating skills to speak of. I can create a lot of beautiful things with my hands but cute decorated treats are not one of them.
And, honestly, that's my favorite thing about these witch fingers. They might look fancy, but in reality, this is the kind of Halloween treat that's so easy you could make with your kids.
Well, that and the taste.
Because who doesn't love a candy covered pretzel?
Even if it does happen look like a severed witch finger.
Notes & tips for these pretzel witch fingers
- If you want, you could add more detail to these witch fingers by adding in wrinkle marks for the knuckles. Just wait until the witch fingers are completely dry (I like to freeze them first) and use a toothpick to slowly carve out some lines in the candy.
More fun Halloween treats
This post was originally published on October 22nd, 2014. It was updated with new pictures and revised recipe instructions on October 6th, 2017.
Recipe Details
Pretzel Witch Fingers
Large pretzels covered in white candy coating that just happen to look like witch fingers. Easy to make and perfect for any witchy party!
Cover a baking sheet with wax paper and place nearby.
In a small bowl, melt the candy wafers per package instructions. Add food coloring as desired and stir until smooth.
Dip the end of the pretzel into the mixing bowl and use a spatula to scoop up candy and pat it along the pretzel. Continue until most of the pretzel is covered, leaving one end of the pretzel clean of candy (for easy holding).
Place candy covered pretzel on prepared baking sheet. While candy is still wet, select a fingernail-looking almond slice and gently press to the end of the pretzel that's coated in candy. Repeat this steps for the rest of the pretzels until all are covered in candy with an almond slice attached.
Let witch fingers dry completely before serving (typically about 1 hour). To speed up drying, place witch fingers in the freezer for 30 minutes.


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Dublin Kids' Foundation Laced Paddock Black Equestrian Boots
Item # 032271
Dublin Kids' Foundation Laced Paddock Black Equestrian Boots
Item # 032271
Details/dublin-kids-foundation-laced-paddock-black-equestrian-boots/032271.html 5783C-FOUNDATIONLACED BK
- Dublin Kids' Foundation Laced Paddock Black Equestrian Boots
- Item # 032271
$59.99 Original Price
$45.97-$14.02 Sale Savings
You Save: $14.02 (23% off)
We are not able to ship this product to the following countries at this time:
Australia , country.uk
Additional Information
Features & Description
- Quality leather construction
- Speed lacing system
- EVA cradle insole
- Moisture-wicking lining
- Rubber outsole
- Punched toe cap
- Branded nylon pull tab
Perform at the highest level possible with equestrian boots from Dublin. Developed in Australia decades ago, Dublin Boots have evolved with the rider's greatest needs in-mind. These striking Dublin Foundation Laced Paddock Boots are made from quality leather, and feature a speed lacing system, and EVA cradled footbeds for greater support. For the finest combination of style, comfort and durability, Dublin Equestrian Boots will always be the perfect fit.


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The Surf Experience
Surf school and surf camps in Lagos
Boutique surf camp Vila Catarina near Lagos in the Western Algarve. Surf school for beginners with basics in praxis and theory! Guided surf tours: surf a day
Vila Catarina - Funchal
8600 Lagos
Phone: +351-282 760 964
Website: http://www.thesurfexperience.eu
Algarve tidal table: Click Here
Coastline weather conditions: Click Here


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Christmas Is Coming
At this time of year we especially remember those in our community who have less, perhaps not even food, by being charitable. We at St. Patrick's CES are pleased to support the 2018 Christmas Gift Card Program to assist the needy through the Society of Saint Vincent de Paul. The needs in our community are great and increasing. We urge you to donate gift cards ... Continue reading "Christmas Is Coming"


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(71B) ULIB52 - The User Library 1 Lex
Post: #1
(71B) ULIB52 - The User Library 1 Lex
The LEX of ID#52, also known as the User Library 1, is a collection of various keywords that were widely used in many HP or user programs.
The most well-known keywords are KEYWAIT$, REV$, MSG$, TRIM$, RPT$, but there are also several less-known but powerful keywords like SYSTEM$, BREAK, MODIFY/LIST$, PRINT TO, IMAGE$ and others.
These keywords come from HP or from the user community. They were originally available as individual LEX files, see for instance a selection of these LEX files on the Joe Horn's site.
With the ULIB52 Lex, I merged the latest known versions of almost all the known keywords from the LEX ID#52 in a single definitive file.
The re-built source files come from the disassembly of individual LEX files (done by me and others) and a manual merge of the internal tables and poll handler code with a unique version string.
Direct link: ULIB52 page.
Missing keywords/tokens:
There are several missing keywords in the sequential token numbering (see the documentation for details).
Some of these missing tokens are mentioned the HP71 System Assignment document (SAR$, RPTBIT$, EXTRBIT, STUFFBIT) but no LEX corresponding to these keywords is known. Any information is welcome!
Original source files:
Thanks to Bob Prosperi, a few original, commented source files (SystemFn, CmdLex, LinkerLex) have been recovered.
I'm interested to get more original source files of any LEX ID#52 keywords. Your help is welcome too!
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Alaska Representative Don Young voted last night with the rest of U.S. House Republicans against raising the debt ceiling. But he's skipping a meeting this morning between the House GOP and the President to talk over debt and the budget. His staff did not give a reason.
Last night's vote failed by a wide margin, 318 to 97. 82 Democrats joined with all members of the GOP in rejecting the President's request to increase the allowable public debt.
Download Audio (MP3)


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MANILA, Dec 8 (Reuters) - Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte said on Thursday he would allow Jack Lam, one of Asia's top casino kingpins, to do business in the country after he had ordered his arrest on charges of economic sabotage and bribery.
Duterte said he would allow the casino boss to come back to the Philippines if he apologised for bribing an official and paid the correct taxes.
Lam, from the Chinese gambling enclave of Macau, has been operating online gambling at a former U.S. air force base without a license, the justice department said.
"On the condition that he lets go of original contract ... Just pay taxes, don't bribe anybody," Duterte told reporters after saying Lam had sent surrender feelers to the authorities.
There was no immediate comment from Lam, according to his lawyer, Raymond Fortun, and his whereabouts were not known. Philippine police say he is not in the country.
Last month, Philippine immigration authorities detained about 1,200 Chinese men working without permits in call centre-like facilities for running suspected online gambling operations out of the former U.S. air base, Clark Field.
Philippine police chief Ronald Dela Rosa said on Saturday an associate of Lam tried to secure their release. He said Duterte had ordered the arrest of Lam.
Philippine authorities said they had shut down two properties owned by Lam, who is a Chinese citizen and head of Hong Kong-listed Jimei International
Lam, who used to bring high rollers to Macau's top casinos including Sands China and Wynn Macau, has faded from prominence over the past few years as a Chinese crackdown on corruption has crippled so-called junket operations.
At the same time, Lam's operations in the Philippines have grown, including a rise in Chinese nationals gambling online at his gaming site. (Reporting by Karen Lema; Editing by Robert Birsel)
Our Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.


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The NSW Chapter is committed to providing opportunities for our members to develop their skills and passion.
At our annual Awards for Excellence NAWIC celebrates a trade professional, a university student and a future leader. All three scholarships can be applied for through the awards for excellence – eligibility details are outlined.
NSW also developed an International Women's Day scholarship – nearly 10 years ago! This scholarship is the most significant financially internationally. The scholarship is awarded to a candidate to further their education and research on the systemic challenges encountered in the industry. Through this scholarship NAWIC is able to use the new knowledge that is developed to enable a better industry. The fundamental goal of NAWIC's is to be a positive instrument for change – this scholarship is a critical vehicle to achieve this objective.
It has been so successful this is now a national initiative! Information surrounding this initiative can be found under the IWD scholarship section of our site.
Thanks Cult for your generous and loyal support.
How to apply & further information will be released closer to the next International Women's Day scholarship launch.


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Comedian Bob Saget will perform (along with crooner Brian Evans) this Sunday at the Sheraton Resort in Kaanapali as part of the new Maui Celebrity Series. We spoke with Saget a few days before the show, and it turns out the star of Full House, Fuller House and America's Funniest Home Videos is a really nice guy. Funny, too.
MAUITIME: Thanks for speaking with us. Have you been to Maui before?
BOB SAGET: Many, many times. I was there a couple of ex-girlfriends ago. I have friends there. Years ago, my ex-wife and I hiked through the crater. I think that we were divorced by the time we got out of it, it was such a long hike.
MT: I haven't done the crater yet.
BS: We went up with this guy, Ken, with a company I probably shouldn't promote, but he told us that the Pleidians were sending rays from another planet in the center of the crater.
MT: Yes, that happens during the spring.
BS: And I'm off sugar, so, I mean, I can admire the fields. I'm there for such a short time, I'm just going to try to enjoy it. I'd like to learn how to hula–maybe I can meet someone that can teach me.
MT: So what came first: Danny from Full House or the dirty jokes?
BS: Well, I've always been dirty. I was raised on dirty jokes. I was 17 when I started doing stand-up: I won a radio contest and that was singing songs. And the songs by a 17-year-old were about bondage. One song was called "Bondage" and the other was "She's a Man."
MT: So I missed Full House. I was kind of a bad teenager. But I do remember watching America's Funniest Home Videos.
BS: No, you were normal. I wouldn't have watched it. America's Funniest Home Videos was the boys' show, Full House was the girls' show–that was frankly how it rolled out. They would call it "The Michelle Show." The video show was a nine-year-old boy's fantasy–it was just people getting hit in the nuts.
MT: Will you surf while you're are out here?
BS: No, I do not surf. I've had two knee surgeries. I like to sail, but not sure there'll be enough time. I've scuba dove before. I have a prescription mask that I'm bringing.
MT: Great, I have a question about snorkeling: Turtle or shark, which would you rather see in the wild?
BS: I'd rather be the hammer than the nail. You know the shark is going to eat the turtle. I'm probably more of a shark kind of a person.
MT: Okay, perfect lead into my next question.
BS: Where do I draw the bar on age?
MT: Have you ever ruffed a woman?
BS: I haven't. In fact, years ago in the '80s, when I was working at some club in Cleveland… This story may be a little bit too open of a story. Someone gave them to me to use on someone, some girl. To give to someone, to take with her. So actually, this girl was trying to hit on me, so I took a lure myself and knocked myself out. I ruffed myself. I'm not a person that would make a forward move to medicate them to get what I want.
MT: Comedy seems a bit different these days. I'm noticing quite a push to curtail heckling.
BS: Yeah, heckling is not good. You know, wherever I go, if someone is disruptive to the show, I ask them to leave. I don't play gigs anymore where they do not remove the person. My audiences tend to be young, and it's really nice. I have every demo–like, if I was in the market. I can get the mom, the grandmother and the legal granddaughter. It's lovely. It's a very confusing Thanksgiving to be invited to.
MT: Where do you sit?
BS: I don't, know, well that depends… That's a dirty joke you just wrote.
MT: We've lost some great comedians lately, You've been close with some of them. How is comedy changing?
BS: Every time you hear a new song, you ask yourself, how is someone new? How do you reinvent something that is already perfect. Like music, it's the same as comedy. I mean, look at what Amy Schumer is doing. She's be a friend for a long time. She's deserving of what she's doing. She's just funny. And that's the key to it. I go to dinner with Don Rickles. Is this person funny? Is that person? He knows what funny is. And I know what funny is.
Show Info:
Bob Saget and Brian Evans
Maui Celebrity Series
Sunday Sept. 27th, 8pm
Sheraton Maui
2605 Kaanapali Pkwy, Lahaina


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It's hard to know when to begin counting, but we've been in quarantine for at least a month. It is starting to feel normal? The most annoying thing is public school. I (and, as the internet tells me, many other parents) sincerely wish they would a) stop pretending like there's any possibility the kids will be back on campus this academic year and b) drop the distance learning BS. It is ultimately stressing me out, and our home life would be in better shape if we could all just start the summer break early. I know how to manage a summer break at home with my kids, even if it's longer than normal. I don't know how to get my 6-year-old interested in doing the busywork they are requiring. (And yes, it is busywork. One of his "assignments" this week was to share a way he has been a helper. This is not academically important. I don't know why they can't say, "Here are some math work sheets, please practice reading, writing, and sight words. See you late August!")
I finished some pants for Luke, my two-year-old, a couple of weeks ago (or was it? time has lost all meaning). I used the Wiksten harem pants pattern. It's a really easy pattern that has some neat touches (French seams!). With kids clothes especially I think it's easier just to make things assembly-line style, so rather than just one pair, I made three. To keep things moving along I used navy blue thread for everything.
I pulled from my stash and ended up with a rusty orange linen, blue and white seersucker, and a red chambray. I cut the 3T size, hoping they'll fit for awhile. They look cute cuffed up, and are a hit with the intended recipient.
They each have a hand-embroidered size tag on the waistband and a Kylie + the Machine "Yo Mama made it" label. I didn't add the size tag until I was inserting the elastic; if I were to do it over again, I'd add the size tag before sewing the waistband.
Next up: a Charlie tunic, with a small friend in the pocket.


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Hotel Information
Stay inspired at Conrad San Luis Potosi, a luxury hotel that's the first of its kind in Central Mexico.
Stylish rooms and suites, ultramodern event spaces, fresh and inspired dining options, and sweeping views of the city are just the beginning of the indulgences during your stay at Conrad San Luis Potosi.
Nestled in the Lomas residential neighborhood, this luxury hotel is just 5 miles from San Luis Potosi Convention Center, minutes to major industrial parks, and a quick ride to historic town center and surrounding 'magical' villages. Enjoy luxury transportation to and from the Ponciano Arriaga International Airport (SLP).
Relax and unwind in a guest room with floor-to-ceiling windows, a 47-inch smart TV, espresso machine, and luxurious rain shower. Reserve a suite or executive room to enjoy exclusive access to the Executive Lounge, serving complimentary breakfast, evening cocktails and hors d'oeuvres in a warm and tranquil setting.
This luxury hotel has a stylish restaurant with all-day dining, The Dry Martini Bar, The Tequila Corner, and poolside terrace cocktail bar. For your convenience, the hotel also offers 24-hour room service for dining at the time that suits you best. Historic town center is minutes away, home to some of this capital city's best dining, shopping and golfing.
Other unique amenities include a heated outdoor pool with panoramic views, a high-tech fitness center, a media lounge for staying connected, and a gift shop with local curios.
A recipient of the TripAdvisor Certificate of Excellence 2017 award, this hotel provides impeccable Conrad service as well as cultural, art and culinary adventures, curated especially for you. The Conrad Concierge App is a helpful tool for hotel guests that ensures an inspired stay.