text:
By Andy and Kristen Wallace
Jane is frazzled, anxious...and downright scared. You see, she's in an abusive relationship.
The story we're about to tell you is true. The characters are fictional. But the story has been played out in more or less the same way thousands of times. You may very well have lived it yourself.
Jane scoots into her pew after dropping her youngest off in the nursery. She wrangles her other two in behind her trying to ignore the disapproving stares of the people who weren't late. She wrestles her mom purse and the children's coloring supplies under the pew in front of them.
Jane is frazzled, anxious, self conscious, a little bit of a mess, and downright scared. You see, she is in an abusive relationship. Her husband yells at her, curses her, threatens her, tracks her whereabouts, and has hit her several times.
The pastor gets up and begins his sermon with a reading from 1st Peter. Jane doesn't hear much of the introduction because she's getting the coloring out for the kids. She tunes in just as her pastor begins to tell a story. He tells about a woman who was in an abusive relationship. He doesn't actually call it that. But he describes how the husband berates, pushes around, demeans, or maybe even hits his wife occasionally. But the wife-the pastor tells the congregation with admiration in his voice-she stays and she prays and she keeps going to church and doing her Christian duty day in and day out. Years go by. The wife remains faithful to God and to her husband. She is meek and quiet. She doesn't nag or fight back. She serenely goes about being a good Christian woman. And guess what? After 15 years, the husband is converted and they live happily ever after. All because she stayed and prayed.
...It's more important to preserve the power structure of the home than to have a healthy relationship.
I can't really tell you how Jane reacted to this story from her pastor. There are many Janes. More than you realize. They all respond in different ways.
Let's break the pastor's story down a little. First of all it's important to state the explicit teaching. The lesson is that it is more important to preserve the power structure of the home than to have a healthy relationship and that it is godly and heroic to endure abuse because that is the most likely way to secure a positive spiritual outcome. Stated with more religious potency, God approves of preserving structural power even when abusive and provides spiritual benefits to those who submit.
There are a number of commonly held religious values that serve to undergird this teaching. We're going to identify just two important ones here. The first value is that of unquestioned obedience to positional authority. There is a reverence for the virtue of following the leader whether the leader is right or not. In some cases the leader being wrong merely amplifies the nobility of obedience. This obedience is seen as a sign of faith and godliness.
The second value builds upon the first. It is that positional authority (especially in the religious and home settings) is divinely bestowed based on an ordained power structure. This value places primacy on preserving the power structure at all costs. In much of conservative Christianity, that power structure centralizes authority in the hands of men, particularly husbands and male religious leaders. Obeying one's husband or pastor becomes directly connected to obeying God himself because God structurally ordained their authority.
This value is so potent that abuse itself can be excused or at least endured by appeals to Providence. The reasoning goes that if God ordained this authority structure, then God must have ordained how this power is being used. Furthermore, in connection with the first value, resisting or questioning that God ordained authority brings fear of divine judgment. Many abusive religious leaders have gotten a pass under the protection of the sorely misapplied quotation: "touch not God's anointed" or similar veiled threats about the mortal and spiritual danger of questioning the "Man of God." Many an abused wife has stayed with their abuser out of fear of divine disapproval for "coming out from under their husband's protection" or "breaking their vows" or "destroying the family unit."
These broad values are not always enough by themselves to keep victims of religious/spiritual abuse or intimate partner abuse from wanting out. There are several specific motivators that are layered on top and are implicit in the story we began with. The story plays on a victim's desire to be a good faithful Christian. Often, there is the implication of heavenly reward for enduring abusive power patiently. Victims may have a deep emotional attachment to the abuser and are given the impression that submitting to them may be the only way to eventually save them. The victim may be told that they will be a good testimony to the outside world by submitting in the face of abuse. And deep down, the entire framework of the victim's faith hangs in the balance. Staying in the abusive situation may give a victim some sense of control over their inner spiritual lives. Even though they may be abused on the outside, they cling to the idea that they can choose to remain submissive and thereby keep the approval of God.
Whatever the setting of abusive power, the victims lead stifled lives at best..."
In the meantime, there are dreadful results compounding every day that the abuse continues. The most obvious impact is on the immediate quality of life of the victim. The victim must live in constant fear. And this is true even in situations where there is no physical violence. Imagine a victim being given fifty dollars one morning by their abuser to buy groceries. That day she goes to Wal-Mart and buys fifty dollars worth of groceries and some feminine products. Later that night, her abuser returns home and demands the money back.
She is caught off guard and tries to remind him that he told her to get groceries. He begins to berate her and tell her that he never said any such thing. He calls her wasteful. Says she is ignorant of the real world. Says that she doesn't know how to handle money. She is the reason they have money problems. He implies that she is not a good mother.
When he looks through the items she bought he expresses disgust at the feminine products and can't believe that she already needs more. She doesn't exactly believe everything he says and she tries to defend herself but his demeanor is intimidating and he is very sure of himself which makes her doubt whether she made a mistake. So an ordinary day with a mundane and necessary activity such as getting groceries has become a source of fear and anxiety.
Now imagine that this woman experiences something similar almost every day over almost any equally mundane activity. Or, almost more unsettling, experiences it completely unpredictably over things that had previously been accepted. Perhaps her abuser is simply constantly berating her over her imperfections. He fusses about money management. He criticizes her weight. He undermines her parenting. He scorns or warns about her friends. Imagine the constant anxiety and fear.
Religion can be just as battering. The constant refrain of much religious preaching is that the hearers need to do better. A pastor may lay out an unattainable list of expectations and create an atmosphere in which congregants police each other and shame and fear become the working capital of an oppressive spiritual economy.
Post something on social media that the pastor doesn't like? You can bet the Facebook police will let him know of your actions and that you will be publicly shamed from the pulpit.
Wearing your high heels or your skirt an inch too high? You can bet that you will be the recipient of an entire public sermon directed at you and other "baby Christians" or "backslidden believers" just like you.
Those who learn to play the game well rise in status. Working in every ministry possible and pulling 12 hour church shifts on Sundays, these people are set on a pedestal and heralded as truly spiritual and committed to Christ.
Those who struggle or question the rules of the game are shunned or shamed. Many simply try to fly under the radar while nursing a devastating insecurity about their place before God. It's a double tragedy when a person is experiencing this at church and at home.
Whatever the setting of abusive power, the victims lead stifled lives at best. There is never any room for real self discovery, positive growth, creativity, or joy. These last couple of paragraphs don't even touch on cases where abuse is physical or sexual.
The relationship rests on a field of eggshells. It is filled with undertones of cynicism and distrust and jealousy.
And the victim's' quality of life only scratches the surface. When abusive power goes unchecked, the victims' relationships are also decimated beginning with their relationship to the abuser. By not confronting abusers and reconfiguring the relationship dynamics, not only is hope destroyed for the victims, but the abuser is the loser as well- albeit in a totally different way. The relationship rests on a field of eggshells. It is filled with undertones of cynicism and distrust and jealousy.
The victim also begins to lose healthy relationships with others. The abuser must isolate the victim from people who are not under the abuser's power. An extreme example of this is the compound of a cult. Isolating people from others outside of the religious leader's influence is a remarkably effective way of maintaining power. Many churches emphasize a less extreme but still insidious doctrine of social separation that serves mainly to increase the leader's influence over the members. The practical nature of this approach is easy to see in an intimate partner setting. The abuser doesn't want his partner spending time with anyone who may validate his partner, plant doubts about the nature of the relationship, or provide her a support system that decreases his leverage.
For relationships that the victim has within the abuser's sphere of influence the results are even worse. Competition and jealousy and self preservation separate the members of a household or religious community into classes. In many, if not most abusive marriages, the hierarchy is simple; husband, sons, daughters, wife. While the children may for a time be under the authority of their mother, eventually the pattern of abuse puts her on the bottom rung in terms of value and worth.
This is one reason why counterintuitively, children from abusive households often blame and resent their mother (the victim) as much or more than their father (the abuser) especially if he reserved the severest abuse for their mother. The extended family are forced to take sides and surprisingly often side with the abuser for reasons that are important but outside the scope of this article.
Religious communities also traditionally skew heavily toward male priority in establishing the classes. They also tend to come up with a diverse set of shibboleths that test the member's stances or commitment to issues related to outward appearances, specific social activities, or political positions.
The consequences of encouraging a victim to remain in an abusive relationship are unthinkable.
Perhaps one of the most devastating impacts of abusive power going unaddressed is the long term impact on future generations. The effects of these abusive atmospheres on children are only recently being fully recognized. We don't have the space to go into any depth here. But suffice it to say that abuse is cyclical and crawls its way from generation to generation spawning destruction the whole way. There are neurological impacts, psychological impacts, economic impacts, social impacts, and relational impacts that often require years of therapy and incredible resilience to overcome. It is also important to note that studies indicate that there is about a fifty percent likelihood that a man who physically or sexually abuses his partner will abuse their children as well.
The stakes are incredibly high. The consequences of encouraging a victim to remain in an abusive relationship are unthinkable. The consequences we have outlined thus far assume that the victim survives. Many a victim has been told to stay with their abuser and wound up dead.
...the one with all power and all justification to use that power in a demanding way...gave his power to the powerless.
Let's go back to where we started for a moment. If misguided religious values would lead Jane to remain in an abusive situation, does that mean that religion-Christianity in this case-must be discarded all together as an impediment to freedom from abuse? Having spent a great deal of time with a great number of survivors, we can tell you that many of them felt that they had to make a choice between their faith and their freedom. Church dogma about divorce, submission, prayer, forgiveness, suffering, and many more have all been wrested to support misplaced values about power and this pose a barrier to victims.
However, we believe that this does not have to be the case. Theology-orthodoxy and orthopraxy-can provide a robust case for power that is empowering and faith that makes a way for victims and holds abusers accountable.
The very foundation of Christianity is that the one with all power and all justification to use that power in a demanding way, laid his glory aside and used his power to heal the sick, bind up the broken hearted, set captives free, challenge the religious establishment, forgive the prodigals, minister to the outcasts, and ultimately lay down his life for all humankind to literally give us access to and power with God. He gave his power to the powerless.
That's not some trite cliche about empowerment. It's much more transcendent than petty enforcements of temporal power structures. The life of Jesus is the ultimate example of empowerment. He turned the concept of hierarchies on its head. The status of positional authority is profane and ugly when it is used for selfish purposes. But when the master washes his disciples feet he engages in a profound, beautiful exchange of power.
In the earliest Christian epistle James wrote to the believers that "pure religion" is characterized by its care for those without social status or power in that day such as orphans and widows. He continued with a categorical condemnation of favoritism or prejudice in the church.
Throughout Paul's epistles, the teaching about relationships is concerned with mutual benefit, empathy, compassion, respect, consideration, and importantly, accountability. Serious warnings are given to those who abuse their power or treat others poorly. Every single passage in the New Testament that specifically addresses marriage-which incidentally are few in number-presents a picture of mutuality not dominance.
In our opinion, people of faith have a responsibility and an incredible opportunity. Namely; to educate themselves on the dynamics of abusive power and bring to bear the chain breaking, tyranny defying, victim rescuing, abuser busting power of good theology, sacred community, and informed transformation. For many people of faith who are used to a religious exercise that is static and conformation oriented, this may be scary because it will feel like a loss of control. But effectively ministering to victims of abusive power will require a value shift from protecting the status quo to giving power away.
There must be a place where family intimacy gives opportunities for mutual accountability, support, and even intervention if needed.
What are some practical ways that faith communities can systemically address abusive power? First of all, the church cannot pretend to be the expert on every single issue. Domestic violence is a complex, dangerous, multi layered problem that people have dedicated entire lifetimes to studying. Jane's pastor thinks that because he's had a few experiences with troubled marriages or taken a few classes on couples counseling or counseled many couples, or heard stories about domestic violence from other pastors in his echo chamber that he is qualified to give blanket recommendations from the pulpit. He is not.
This is not to say that pastors don't bring a valuable perspective to the issue or that they have nothing to offer. In fact, just the opposite is true. If we are arguing for anything in the article, it is that victims and abusers need powerful and informed churches and ministers. But in order for that to happen, those churches and ministers must avail themselves of the resources of organizations that specialize every day in the dynamics and logistics of the issue. How might the landscape look different if more churches partnered publicly with their local shelter, had a local expert present once or twice a year in their services, and paid for training for their staff?
Secondly, faith communities can model appropriate use of power by putting processes in place that clearly make those with positional authority accountable to those outside the direct impact of their power. There are a number of ways to do this which we don't have space to go into here.
Thirdly, faith communities should intentionally create appropriate space where authenticity and vulnerability are protected, valued, and modeled. Robes and rituals and worship traditions are important. But there must also be a place where family intimacy gives opportunities for mutual accountability, support, and even intervention if needed.
What if Jane were part of a congregation where no one was as concerned with an uninterrupted service as they were about helping Jane get settled in with her kids? What if no one felt the burden of comparison with Jane or felt embarrassed for her over her lack of being put together? What if the pastor affirmed the evil of abuse and the heart of the gospel for the oppressed instead of telling a half baked anecdote completely devoid of the complexities and nuance of real life? What if the foyer table included a pamphlet about a shelter that would give some reassurance to Jane that she could confront her abuser and have a place to escape to in the likely event that his abuse escalated because of the confrontation? What if Jane knew others in the church who had been through trauma in their past and had experienced healing through therapy?
What if Jane's church wasn't busy measuring spirituality and quantifying godliness and verbally flagellating in a paradoxical grooming of self righteousness? What if they were taking the beatitudes to heart and looking for the favor of God toward the poor, the broken, the persecuted, and the meek?
What if they gave Jane power?
Russell Stark
2/21/2019 09:05:44 am
This article holds a lot of truth. I don't have any experience with spousal abuse, personally or from a far. However, I'm sure that I have been around it but was oblivious.
2/21/2019 12:18:25 pm
Thanks for sharing your experience Russell. I don't think you're alone in that at all. And it's not a rabbit trail at all. The abusive use of power takes a lot of different forms not just DV. We're going to try to talk more here about different ways power is used and what it feels like and looks like to go through it, grapple with it, recover from it, and create something totally different. That last part is what a lot of people never get to. I hope you'll continue to engage with the blog and weigh in when you get a chance about where we're getting it right, where we are missing it, and just in general putting voices out there that will help those who have been hurt by abusive power regardless of the setting.
3/4/2019 01:03:19 pm
Hi Andy
3/4/2019 01:24:52 pm
I'm so glad it was meaningful to you guys and I'm so glad to hear that you and your husband have been able to work through that. I hope the journey continues to find you with more freedom and joy every step of the way. Thank you for your feedback.
It is imperative that every person in the world seek out and submit to proper authority, no matter who you are, no matter your political, military, job, or wealth rank or status, you should submit to a proper authority. A person in any position of power who has no clear source of or method for being held accountable is a danger to himself and all who fall under his control.
3/11/2019 07:15:13 pm
Lee, you said some important things here and you touched on some profound ideas about what it means to serve others with your power. I struggle with the complementarian view of marriage but I think on a broader level your comment speaks well to what it means to love and serve those around you. Clearly, you have loved your family well and I'm so thankful for men like you.
Leave a Reply.
July 2019


text:
After the Hang was becoming very hard to get it was just natural to have new makers coming to this world inspired by the Hang, in 2009 Ezahn joined this wave and his unique style in design and quality took the eye of the hand pan scene and soon many of the devoted player will be playing his instruments and share beautiful music with the world…
Recently Ezahn and his crew opened the workshop doors for small intimate concerts called "Living room sESSion", Pan Fans come to these concerts from different countries and enjoy this almost "private" concert, around 25 people attended this concert and it was very nice to share some music and vibe.
What you can see online is very limited so it was a special experience to come to the Echo sound sculpture workshop and meet the people behind the Asachan and Mirim, Ezahn and Flavio are the makers behind the scenes, Ezahn is a chilled guy originally from Bangkok in Thailand and Flaviao is an energetic philosophic guy originally from Sao Paulo Brazil, both have come to live in Switzerland in the name of love and have swiss wives and very nice way of life here in a small village close to nature, playing music, making instruments and developing together.
As a maker myself It was very interesting to see the differences and similarities in the way we work, I really loved the space they work in, a lot of room and a lot of light, and you can feel the character, since Ezahn is as a musician and painter several paintings are shown in the workshop and add a lot to the vibe.
The concert went really good, I played mostly new material on a Hijaz and Pygmy I made recently, after my concert, Lauri Wuolio played and shared some cool music, he's using an iPad and a Handpan so he can play electronic based tracks he's working on, I definitely enjoyed it.
One thing I always love about traveling to colder countries is having cold showers ! I mean, it's very healthy and makes your heart work better, In Israel during the summer even the cold water is slightly warm! And of course, all the green hills and swiss scenery is a great thing to relax into.
Connecting to people, music and nature is a great mix, it was great to visit and hopefully will visit again the near future, thanks for the hospitality, good talks and positive vibes!
Till next time.
Here is a taste of the concert

subset: commoncrawl


text:
LFAT 2018 Notification, Exam Date, Application Form, Eligibility, Exam Pattern, Syllabus, Admit Card, Result and Counselling
Law Faculty Admission Test is directed by Allahabad University for admissions to undergrad law programs. This is a university level placement test. The law selection test is directed in a disconnected mode. The undergrad selection test is led for admissions to upwards of 123 BA LLB seats offered by Faculty of Law, Allahabad University.
Allahabad University conducts Law Five Year Admission Test - LFAT 2018 for admission to its 5 year coordinated BA LLB (Hons) Course. LFAT 2018 is to be led in fourth seven day stretch of May 2018. Hopefuls can fill LFAT 2018 Application frame will be accessible from 3rdweek of 2018, on the official site of college
LFAT 2018 Notification
LFAT 2018 Exam Date (Tentatively)
Application forms for the exam can be filled from
3rd week of April 2018
Last date to apply for LFAT 2018
2nd week of May 2018
Admit cards can be downloaded from
3rd week of May 2018
Date of examination
4th week of May 2018
Declaration of Final Results
3rd week of June 2018
LFAT 2018 Application Form
LFAT 2018 Application Form are expected to be available from 3rd week of April 2018. Candidates may follow these steps to apply for LFAT 2018: -
Candidates will also be sent a registration number and password which they will need to preserve.
LFAT 2018 Eligibility Criteria
Candidates must fulfil LFAT 2018 eligibility criteria before appearing in LFAT 2018 exam. Here are the details of Eligibility Criteria set out Allahabad University for LFAT 2018: -
LFAT 2018 Exam Pattern
LFAT 2018 is to be conducted in offline mode. The test will comprise of 150 questions on different subjects. Let's take a look at the complete examination pattern for LFAT 2018: -
Maximum Marks
Language Comprehension
General Awareness
Reasoning and Legal Aptitude
LFAT 2018 Syllabus
Language Comprehension
Candidates must know that this section will have question in both English and Hindi Language. Therefore, candidates must do every topic for both the languages. Some important topics for this section are – Reading Comprehension, Grammar Based Error Spotting and Sentence Correction, Antonym Synonym, Usage of Words, Analogies etc.
General Awareness
Candidates need to cover both static and current general knowledge for this section. Candidates may cover topics like Indian Polity, Indian History and Geography, International Events, United Nations, Sports, Environmental News, Awards and Achievements and Major Changes happening in Politics.
Reasoning and Legal Aptitude
For Reasoning, candidates may do some common topics like Number Series, Alphabet Series, Linear Arrangements, Circular Arrangements, Direction Sense, Blood Relations, Syllogisms and Critical Reasoning etc.
For legal Aptitude, candidates need to cover topics like Torts, Law of Crimes, Indian Constitution, Contracts Law, Vicarious Liability, Strict Liability, Intellectual Property Rights and International Laws etc.
LFAT 2018 Admit Card
LFAT 2018 Admit Card is to be released in 3rd week of May 2018. Candidates can download the admit card from the official website of University.
Here is the procedure of downloading the admit card for LFAT 2018: -
LFAT 2018 Result
Results for LFAT 2018 are expected to be announced in 3rd week of June 2018. LFAT 2018 Results will be available on the official website of the University.
Candidates will need to follow the steps listed below to view the result for LFAT 2018: -
LFAT 2018 Counselling
After the declaration of results, LFAT 2018 counselling process is performed which is an important step of admission process. Shortlisted candidates need to appear in the counselling process and those who do not appear in LFAT 2018 counselling will not be considered for admission.
Candidates are advised to carry proper type of documents, which are listed below: -


text:
Are you a big fan of dance music, and use it a lot when working, but I had no idea about how it really affects our brains and bodies. Since music is such a big part of our lives, I thought it would be interesting and useful to have a look at some of the ways we react to it without even realizing.
Simon Cowell's special invitation to X Factor2014 for infectious dancers of "thunder boys "
Bharata Natyam (Tamil: பரதநாட்டியம்), also spelled Bharatanatyam, is a classical Indian dance form that originated in the temples of Tamil Nadu. This dance form denotes various 19th- and 20th-century reconstructions of Sadir, the art of temple dancers called Devadasis. It was described in the treatise Natya Shastra by Bharata around the beginning of the common era. Bharata Natyam is known for its grace, purity, tenderness, and sculpturesque poses. Lord Shiva is considered the God of this dance form. Today, it is one of the most popular and widely performed dance styles and is practiced by male and female dancers all over the world


text:
Grand Canyon 1
Grand Canyon 2
Grand Canyon 3
Grand Canyon 4
Grand Canyon 5
Project Description
Project Challenge
Vantage Solution
The lighting and control system includes 45 DALI-connected fixtures with three relay-controlled information panels and comprises 100% LED lighting controlled by two Equinox touchscreen control pads— one in the back room of the visitor center for easy access by park personnel and the other in the electrical room where the equipment is installed. While each fixture can be adjusted individually, the visitor center relies on automated operation through timed events. With preset lighting levels, the fixtures light pathways without interfering with stargazing activities.
Project Details
Vantage Products Incorporated
Getting Started
The Networked Home
Equinox System Overview
Upgrade Your System
Planning Your Project
What's New
EMEA Products
Keypads and User Interfaces
Lighting Control
Project Applications
Design Planner
Take the Tour
Project Testimonials
Vantage Video
Premier Partners
Press Room
Professional Affiliations
Contact Us


text:
We are currently experiencing some scrolling issues with our app. If you have trouble scrolling you can also view all of the same information on our website at bestofmauiguide.com
This short list contains words you might hear on your stay in Maui. Hawaiian is a living language with some elementary schools using it for the principle means of instruction.
The Hawaiian language appears to have only 12 letters. This is because the Hawaiians did not have a written language until the one created by Americans in early 1800s. This first effort neglected to indicate the spaces between some syllables. Proper written Hawaiian needs to have a mark knows as the okina (') included between some vowels to alert where there is actually a minute pause or break in the air stream. Some linguists consider this a true consonant. As one example in English, the glottal stop is the sound you hear between the o's when you say "oh-oh"
The difficulty in pronouncing Hawaiian names as commonly written is that when several vowels are together it is not obvious where the distinct syllable breaks occur without this mark or unless you know common Hawaiian words so as to recognize the word within the word. And as a rule, every word, and every syllable, must end in a vowel.
Hawaiian is a perfect phonetic language and, unlike English, is spelled like it sounds. There can be no spelling bees in correctly pronounced Hawaiian – everyone would win.
'aina (eye-na) – land, earth.
aikane (eye-kah-nay) – friend, companion.
akamai (ah-kah-my) – smart.
ali'i (ah-lee-ee) – a chief or member of nobility.
aloha (ah-lo-ha) – hello, goodbye, love.
auwe (ow-way) – an expression or exclamation meaning Oh! or Ouch!
'awa (ah-vah) – root of Piper Nigerum (Kava), a South Seas root, chewed in native Polynesia in a relaxing social ritual.
ea (eh-ah) – sovereignty, rule, life force.
halau (ha-laow) – hula school or troupe.
hale (hah-lay) – house.
hana (hah-na) – work (pau hana=finished with work).
hanai (ha-nai) – adopted or foster children/family. The grandparents often raised children in traditional Hawaiian families.
haole (ha-oh-lay) – foreigner.
Haoli Makahiki Hou (ha-oh-lee ma-ka-he-key ho) – Happy New Year.
heiau (hay-ee-ow) – ancient temple, place of worship.
holoholo (ho-lo-ho-lo) – to go on a trip or excursion.
hono (ho-no) – bay.
huhu (hoo-hoo) – angry.
hui (hoo-ee) – club, association, company, partnership.
huna (hoo-na) – secret.
imu (ee-moo) – underground oven.
kama'aina (kah-mah-eye-na) – a person born in, acquainted, or familiar with a place.
kanaka maole (ka-na-ka ma-oh-lay) – the true Hawaiian people.
kane (kah-nay) – man.
kapu (kah-poo) – taboo or sacred, forbidden, no trespassing, keep out.
keiki (kay-kee) – child.
kokua (koh-ku-ah) – help, assistance, donation, as in the sign you often see that says "Please Kokua, no littering (smoking, etc.)".
kuleana (koo-lee-ah-na) – immediate garden or taro patch near a home. One's area or responsibility.
kupuna (koo-poo-nah) – elders, ancestors, grandparents.
lani (lah-nee) – heaven.
lolo (low-low) – crazy or unbalanced.
lua (loo-ah) – bathroom, toilet.
luau (loo-ow) – Hawaiian feast or celebration.
mahalo (mah-ha-lo) – thank you.
makai (ma-kai) – toward the sea.
menehune (meh-nee-hoo-nee) – legendary race of tiny people who worked at night building fish ponds, roads and temples.
mauka (mao-ka) – inland, toward the mountains (on the nightly news you'll often hear "mauka showers", meaning showers near the mountains).
Mele Kalikimaka (may-lay ka-lee-kee-ma-ka) – Merry Christmas.
mu'u mu'u (moo-oo-moo-oo) – loose Hawaiian gown. Often pronounced as "moomoo".
na (na) – indicated plural when preceding a noun, thus Na Mele O Maui means The Songs of Maui.
'ohana (o-hah-na) – family, relatives.
'oi (oy) – best, as in Maui no ka 'oi ("Maui is the best").
'ono (oh-no) – delicious.
pali (pah-lee) – cliff, steep hill.
paniolo (pah-nee-oh-lo) – a Hawaiian cowboy.
pau (pow) – finished, completed, the end.
pilikia (pee-lee-kee-ah) – trouble of any kind.
po'okela (po-oh-kell-ah) – regarded the best by the community.
pono (poh-no) – righteous. An appropriate or balanced response.
pua (poo-uh) – flower.
puka (poo-kah) – hole, door, or entryway.
pupu (poo-poo) – appetizer, hors d'oeuvres.
tutu (too-too) – grandparent (not a Hawaiian word, but often used as slang/pidgin).
wahine (wa-hee-nay) – woman.
wai wai (why-why) – property or assets. Wai means water, and water is wealth in an agricultural community.
wikiwiki (wee-kee-wee-kee) – hurry.
Maui (mow-wee) – the Demigod that snared the sun.
Lana'i (la-na-ee) – day of conquest.
Molokini (mo-lo-kee-nee) – molo=turn, kini=multitude.
Lahaina (la-hi-na) – tourist literature attributes this to mean "land of the cruel sun", although the older Hawaiian name for this once capital city is "Lele".
Kapalua (ka-pa-loo-ah) – arms embracing the sea.
Napili (na-pee-lee) – luck will cling.
Kahana (ka-ha-na) – a district on an island with a stream and valley.
Olowalu (oh-low-wah-loo) – joint action, group.
Ma'alaea (ma-ah-lie-ah) – red color, as earth.
Kihei (key-hay) – shawl, cape, tapa garment.
Wailea (why-lay-ah) – ocean star.
Kahului (ka-hoo-loo-ee) – athletic contest.
Wailuku (why-loo-koo) – destructive water.
Paia (pa-ee-ah) – clearing in forest.
Ha'iku (ha-ee-koo) – broken hills.
Pukalani (poo-ka-law-nee) – hole in the heaven (clouds).
Makawao (ma-ka-wow) – view from an island region forested, but not precipitous.
Kula (koo-la) – open country, pasture.
Hana (ha-na) – alert.
Mahinahina (ma-hee-na-hee-na) – pale moonlight.


text:
Understanding and Applying the 7 Habits
In this program, Dr. Stephen R. Covey summarizes, then enhances your understanding of, the essential principles of the 7 Habits of Highly Effective People so that they can effect real change in your life. You'll learn that the habits work on many levels. As you continually grow and improve, they take on new significance, allowing you to advance to higher and higher levels of effectiveness.
Inside, you'll delve into:
- An easy-to-grasp summary of the 7 Habits
- Ineffectiveness contrasted with effectiveness
- How the 7 Habits are interconnected and interdependent
- Becoming principle-centered
- The ecosystem of habits – external vs. internal
- Basic characteristics of good mission statements
- The power of planning – making your mission statement reality
- Empowerment – a result of living by your mission statement and trusting others
- Sharpening the saw – the habit of continuous renewal and improvement
- Applying action steps
Dr. Covey also uses the four quadrants to illustrate how the habits help you to develop mentally, physically, intellectually, and socially. As you re-discover these concepts, you'll be able to align your goals with your true values, map out your objectives, and reach your goals.


text:
Pictures Of celebrites
Follow us:
Current location :
Female Celebrites
Louise Fletcher's Pictures
Louise Fletcher
Estelle Louise Fletcher (born July 22, 1934) is an American film and television actress. She initially debuted in television series such as Maverick in 1959 before being cast in Robert Altman's Thieves Like Us (1974).
More Photos Of Louise Fletcher
Most Viewed Celebrites
Andrea Barber
Miley Cyrus
Molly Ephraim
Tina Caspary
Camren Bicondova
Daveigh Chase
Milana Vayntrub
Fran Drescher
Megan Fox
O. J. Simpson
Chandler Riggs
Morena Baccarin
Richard Dean Anderson
Alexandra Daddario
Linda Cardellini
Recently Added Celebrites
Chris Zylka
Darrell Zwerling
Alan Zweibel
José Zúñiga
Rick Zumwalt
Jim Zulevic
Albert Zugsmith
Bill Zuckert
Josh Zuckerman (actor)
Michael Zorek
Adam Zolotin
Richard Zobel
Bob Zmuda
Adrian Zmed
Chuck Zito
Random Celebrites
Kate Jackson
Helen Gahagan Douglas
Hector Sarno
Gaby Rodgers
Alexandra Adi
Nore Davis
Lin Tucci
Blake Sennett
Indus Arthur
Hilary Thompson
Tina Cole
Marguerite Clayton
Roxana McGowan
Red Skelton
G. Pat Collins
Jackie Sandler
Constance Hsu
Patrick Schwarzenegger
Alexandra Tydings
Micky Dolenz
Terms of Service
Privacy Policies
Online Safety
2015-2016 © picsofcelebrities.com


text:
It's Christmas in June for California's cannabis users or, if you prefer, Purge Day for Weed. According to the SF Chronicle, as much as half a billion dollars worth of weed will have to be destroyed come July 1, and distributors are shrinking prices as fast as they can before that happens because, hey, two cents a gram is better than nothing.
California allowed for legal recreational cannabis sales beginning in January, the result of the ballot voters approved in late 2016, and with the new law comes new regulations–stricter labeling and testing requirements, for one. But the regulations also allowed for a grace period of six months for retailers to sell of their cannabis wares which do not meet the new requirements.
Now that six months is almost up and it is resulting in fear for those in the business and bargain basement prices for those just looking to cop some bud.
"I think the next couple of days here are likely to be historic lows for retail cannabis," Hezekiah Allen, executive director of the California Growers Association, told SF Chronicle. "I don't think you'll see prices this low ever again."
Some industry experts say that the party of dirt-cheap weed will likely be followed by a hangover of inflating costs, at least in the legal sector. After the white market loses $500 million in weed, a shortage is expected, because there may not be enough licensed businesses in operation to supply the state's marijuana-hungry consumers.
"There is going to be a slowdown because I don't think the statewide supply chain exists yet," Allen said.
If the shortage comes, it will be right in time with what Erich Pearson, the founder of the San Francisco Patient and Resource Center, says is the time of year that brings the highest demand for 420 fare, the summer.
"I suspect we'll have a shortage for a while until distributors get their testing figured out," he said. "We'll see limited supplies of brands and products, and probably lesser quantities, too."
All that, plus the 15 percent excise tax imposed on legal cannabis purchases, is likely to drive buyers into the black market. "The black market is so large, and the taxes and regulations are so hard, that until the state decides to take action against the black market, it will remain a very robust and profitable business for those who participate in it," Pearson said. "The over-regulation and taxation creates a very attractive alternative for consumers."
Photo via Flickr user Dank Depot


text:
Louis Vuitton Monogram with Leather Trim Hat CubeA stunning Louis Vuitton hat cube with leather trim, brass handles and original interior. Circa 1905.Enquire
Dimensions: 61 cm/24 inches (length) x 47 cm/18½ inches (width) x 54.5 cm/ 21½ inches (height).#This item is now sold.
Please do enquire if you would like us to help find something similar.
Recently viewed


text:
Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Leighton, Alexander (1568-1649)
LEIGHTON, ALEXANDER (1568–1649), physician and divine, was descended from an ancient family which possessed the estate of Ulyshaven, near Montrose. He graduated M.A. at St. Andrews. Settling in London he practised medicine in defiance of the College of Physicians. He is apparently the 'Alexander Lichton Anglus Londinensis' who was admitted a student of Leyden University on 9 Sept. 1617, and subsequently graduated M.D. there (Peacock, Reg. Leyden Students, p. 61). In 1624 he published 'Speculum Belli Sacri, or the Looking Glass of the Holy War,' a book against Romanism which involved him in much trouble. Some years later he prepared a petition to parliament against episcopacy, to which he obtained many influential signatures. He took this to the continent and expanded it into a book—'An Appeal to the Parliament, or Sion's Plea against the Prelacie,' which was published in Holland in 1628. The frontispiece represented the bishops in an odious light, and the work itself is lavish in abusive epithets. The book was not only a virulent attack on prelacy, but 'an appeal to political presbyterianism to take the sword in hand.' During his residence abroad Leighton was ordained (March 1629) and inducted to the charge of an English church in Utrecht, but he refused to keep the Christian festivals as observed there, and after six months resigned and returned to London. Besides his strictures on episcopacy, his violent abuse of the queen made Leighton a marked man. Copies of 'Sion's Plea' having fallen into the hands of the authorities, he was seized, 17 Feb. 1630, while leaving Blackfriars Church, on a warrant from the high commission court, and dragged to Newgate, where he was 'clapt in irons' and cast into 'a loathsome and ruinous doghole full of rats and mice.' In June he was tried by the Star-chamber court, in his absence from illness, and was sentenced to pay 10,000l., to be degraded from holy orders, to be then brought to the pillory at Westminster and whipped, to have one of his ears cut off, one side of his nose slit, and his face branded with S.S., for sower of sedition, to be then carried back to prison, and after a few days to be pilloried in Cheapside and whipped, to have his other ear cut off and other nostril slit, and then to be imprisoned for life. In the 'Epitome' of his sufferings (1646) Leighton states that when Laud heard the sentence he 'off with his cap, and holding up his hands gave thanks to God, who had given him the victory over his enemies.' On 4 Nov. 1630 he was brought before the high commission court, when he declined its jurisdiction and refused to take off his hat. He was then degraded from orders and sent back to prison to await the rest of his sentence, but on the night before it was to have been executed he made his escape by the help of two of his countrymen, Livingstone and Anderson. A hue and cry was sent out, in which he was described as a man of low stature, fair complexion, yellowish beard, high forehead, and between forty and fifty years of age. He was captured in Bedfordshire, and on 26 Nov. the first part of his sentence was inflicted with shocking barbarity. The second part appears to have been remitted, as it is not mentioned in the 'Epitome' (cf. Gardiner, Hist. vii. 151 n). Consigned to the 'ffleet, where he was most cruelly used a long time, being loged day and night amongst the most desperately wiked villaines of ye whole prison,' he remained a prisoner till 1640, when he was released by the Long parliament, his fine cancelled, and 6,000l. voted him in compensation for his losses and inhuman treatment. In 1642 he was appointed keeper of Lambeth House, then turned into a state prison, and though his health was shattered he lived till 1649. He was a puritan of the narrowest type, and in controversy a man of 'violent and ungoverned heat,' but he was amiable to his family and friends, and, it is said, 'was never heard to speak of his persecutors but in terms of compassion and forgiveness.'
Leighton was twice married, his second wife being a daughter of Sir William Musgrave of Cumberland, who had been twice a widow. He had four sons, James, Robert [q. v.], Elisha, afterwards Sir Elisha [q. v.], and Caleb, and two daughters, Elizabeth and Sapphira. A portrait of Leighton is preserved in the print room at the British Museum, 'wearing a skull cap and a collar in an oval.'[Irving's Scottish Writers; Neal's Hist. of the Puritans; Masson's Life of Milton; Stevens's Hist. of Scottish Church, Rotterdam; Gardiner's Hist. of England; Granger's Biog. Hist. ii. 181–182.]


text:
First what is the maid service?
A maid service is not only to serve the woman of the house tea consistently and taking care of her each impulse. A maid service is accessible for an irregular employment moreover. You can procure a maid through a maid service to go about as a server at your next gathering. On the other hand you can likewise procure a head servant for your next gathering. All things considered, the word reference characterizes maid as a female hireling.
What usually a maid service company can do?
Under most circumstances nowadays a maid service gives cleaning services whether to a home or an office, there are a great deal of maid services accessible for contract. You would hire a maid service pretty much as you would a cleaning service organization. Do the meetings, make inquiries, get proposals and try them out.
Different methods when it comes to hiring a maid or cleaning company.
You can hire a cleaning service for recurring cleaning. On the other hand you can use cleaning individuals to do spring cleaning for you. In the event that you choose to have a cleaning service come in and give your home a spring cleaning you may anticipate more than one individual. Spring cleaning infers an once per year sort cleaning with some substantial obligation cleaning included moreover.
Spring Cleaning VS Deep Cleaning
When you do spring cleaning, you will need the cleaning individuals to move the majority of the furniture and vacuum the mats exceptionally well. You may likewise utilize the cleaning service to clean the upholstery while they are there. This same service may likewise clean the window hangings too. This might be an ideal opportunity to clean any fireplaces on the off chance that they have been utilized over the winter. Fundamentally the house ought to get a careful cleaning. Counting the windows.
What else a maid service company can do?
Another use for a maid or cleaning service is to contract them when you move into a house or move out of a house. This will spare you time so you can set up your new home and not stress over staying behind to clean the old house. You can likewise have them clean the rugs after you move everything out. Along these lines the whole house will be shimmering clean for the following inhabitants.


text:
Please enter your e-mail and password to sign in to your account
Benefits of Creating a Trade Account:
Please enter your email address below.You will receive a link to reset your password.
Design Advice: Vestibulum ante ipsum primis in faucibus orci luctus et ultrices posuere cubilia Curae; Nulla malesuada nibh et dolor egestas, vehicula elementum ex pretium.
Check items to add to the cart or select all
9A3 Distressed Granite Lumbar
9K3 Metallic Check Lumbar
9A2 Distressed Granite
9J1 Metallic Leaf
9C2 Granite Rope
© 2020 Elaine Smith
Follow Us


text:
The ON A DARK WING Virtual Blog Tour kicks off December 19 and ends January 2, followed by a live chat on January 5 at 7:00 PM EDT when winners will be announced.
GRAND PRIZE: Jordan Dane is giving away a Kindle Fire to one lucky person!!! Contest rules will be posted at YA Bound on December 19, the start of the book tour, using Rafflecopter.
PRIZES: Ten blog stops along the tour will be hosting giveaways for signed copies of ON A DARK WING with a secret gift from character Abbey Chandler. Rules for each giveaway will be posted on the blogger's site using Rafflecopter.
WINNERS will be announced at the live chat with Jordan Dane on December 5, so make sure you're there! Special thanks to YA Bound for hosting the tour. YA author Trisha Wolfe is AMAZING!
Sunday, December 18, 2011
DARK WING Tour starts tomorrow!! WOOT!
2 comments:
- Unknown said...
this is a wonderful tour!! Thank you again so much!!
- December 21, 2011 at 12:52 PM
- Jordan Dane said...
Wow! Thanks so much for taking the time to comment. I'm really enjoying it too, meeting new friends like you. Have a warm & happy holiday & wishing you the best in 2012!!
- December 21, 2011 at 1:05 PM
Subscribe to: Post Comments (Atom)


text:
When selecting fundraising items, we keep in mind the value of the products and fun-factor for the students and families. We have a number of fundraising activities planned to help us reach our budget goal this year. We do this to give parents a variety of products and services to chose from throughout the year. We suggest you choose what products and activities work best for you and your family. Remember, participating in our fundraisers allows Paloma's PTO to enhance the educational experience for all of our students.
Panther Pledge - 2019-2020 English
Panther Pledge - 2019-2020 Spanish
Amazon Smile Flyer 2019-2020 English
Amazon Smile Flyer 2019-20 Spanish
Box Tops New App Information Video
Box Tops Collection sheet


text:
- Heritage Of The Anglo-Saxon Race - Chart
- We Have A Guardian
- God's Great Week - Cover & Chart (folded)
- Drama Of The Lost Disciples - New Edition!
- The Mystery of the Lost Tribes of Israel
- Servant Nation
- Trees of the Bible
- Kingdom of God on Earth
- BIWF Summer Convention 2019
- BIWF Summer Convention 2018
Welcome to Covenant Publishing
We have an extensive range of products for you to browse and purchase online.
To start browsing our online store: choose a category that interests you or check out our Most Popular or Latest Additions menus. Then, simply click it for more information.
We also offer search facilities to assist you, should you have a particular product in mind. For an instant search of our entire catalogue, there is a Quick Search bar at the top of every page. For a more refined search, visit our search page.
If ordering online is a problem, we can also accept postal, telephone and email orders. See our Ordering and Payments page for more details.
This first UK edition has been written by Adrian Gilbert, the author who has taken much interest in the British-Israel teaching, who wrote London: A New Jerusalem which was published by the Covenant Publishing in 2010.
He looks at the Stone in a way never before attempted and shows how its very dimensions provide hidden evidence that links it both to the pyramids of Egypt and the Druidic religion of Britain.
More Details
More Details
Books are also available in the USA from:
Way in the Wilderness Ministries
Post Office Box 322
Telephone: 765-522-4850
We accept the following cards through PayPal.
If you are unable to order online, there are still a variety of methods you can use to purchase your chosen products.
You can print out an order form from our site, or simply write to us with your order, more details here
The prices of books and postage can be obtained by emailing email@example.com
You may telephone us on 01388 835 753 to place your order.


text:
Over time, as you wear a corset it changes. The way it looked and felt when you first put it on is not how it's going to stay as it seasons and conforms to your body, and goes through normal wear and tear. In the year since I got my powder blue corset from Jupiter Moon 3, the changes have been significant. You learn from these things.
Now I understand that Jupiter Moon 3 corsets are not intended for daily wear. They're show-pieces. So for me to wear mine every day is going to be much more than what it was made for, and to see a good amount of wear and tear is to be expected. Some threads holding down the lace have torn, I've lost a few beads, and some of the sequins dangle by a loose thread. There are a couple weird folds in the fabric at the waist. And one of the bones over the right hip has twisted. This is annoying, but I can deal with it because these are the expected limitations of the corset.
What frustrates me the most though is through no-one's fault but my own. I didn't take the time to properly break it in. I was way too excited and went too tight too soon. As a result I have a twisted bone at the very back so that it bows out at the waist and the sides refuse to sit parallel. The corset is still completely comfortable, but this is damage that would need to be repaired. There's no way to lace now where this isn't an issue anymore. More than the twisted bone bothering me though, I'm mad at myself. I paid good money for that thing. I should have taken much better care of it.
The last issue is something that I can't really tell if it's my fault or not. But the hips are most definitely too small. The bottom edge digs in and creates a reverse muffin-top instead of lying smooth. Even worse, whether because of this or the twisted bones, the hips now appear to be square instead of rounded. I don't think anyone else would pay it much notice, but it's a silhouette I don't like. All in all I think this corset looked a hell of a lot better when it was new, while I feel that if these faults of mine and perhaps the maker had been avoided it should look better than it did, because it would retain its integrity and pretty silhouette while being worn at a more extreme reduction. Based on this, I feel it's better to order a corset with hips about an inch larger than your actual size, so it can accommodate the increase in size that happens when your waist decreases, and you get a nice smooth flare instead of any digging.
So keeping all of these flaws in mind, I went ahead and purchased a second one. It's the same corset-bra combo, but I ordered it with larger hips and I was absolutely determined to be kind to the corset and break it in properly this time. I wore it only 2-3 hours at a time, a couple times a day, at a very light reduction for two weeks. I let the corset tell me how tight is the limit instead of forcing it further just because my body could handle it and I was curious. After each seasoning session I carefully examined it for wear, to make sure nothing was becoming more stressed than it should.
What I find interesting is that even at that light reduction, the curves looked far more impressive than they do with the blue one. I wonder if this is because of the lace creating an illusion, or maybe it's because of the shape of the hips. I'm really not sure. But the hips of the green corset are still lying completely smooth, and they're rounded. The shape is absolutely perfect. And I'm managing to keep the grommets completely parallel, which is really the ultimate achievement beyond just not damaging it in any way. I feel unbelievably awesome about this.
A couple observations beyond this – the bra is way too small, as you may be able to tell from the above photo. I'm not angry about this though, because the label is correct to my size (I think they're purchased and recovered, not made from scratch). The corsetiere didn't make any kind of actual mistake here. And while it makes my boobs kind of flat, I can still get it on, and I suppose it being a little overly snug and secure is better than too big and gaping and revealing more than you intend to. The feather trim is a bit crushed and wonky from shipping, and I expected that too, but now I have to figure out a way to fix it. I'm thinking steaming and Elnet hairspray. I'll have to try that and see. I won't be wearing this under any clothing because of the feathers, but I'm truly surprised by how well this corset goes with my dresses. I was honestly not expecting that. I'd been wearing it over my clothes for the sake of the feathers and easy access while I put it on and removed it twice a day during the break-in process, and one night I actually forgot I was wearing it. When I got home I saw that it went amazingly well with the cherry-print dress I had on, and the next day it even went beautifully with my deep purple dress. I'm thrilled about this because it means I'll get a lot more use out of it than I ever intended.
So right now this second corset is absolutely my favorite. I'm in love. I'm going to wear it whenever I can. I'm going to be kind to it. And I'm going to carry this experience with me moving forward.


text:
$ 45Pre-Order from the powerHouse Arena Shop
Photographer Donna Ferrato goes on a radical 50-year road trip across the USA as women fight for equality in the bedroom and the boardroom. Holyfollows her journey from the sexual revolution of the '60s through the #metoo era of today.
Holy is forged from one woman's outrage against a woman-hating world. May it anger you. Donna Ferrato's radical photographs show what women are capable of surviving. More than survive, Holy depicts women who prevail. Holy is an invitation to understand how it feels being held down by the patriarchy–what we are fighting for, what we are up against–and how we manage to maintain a sense of humor and play. Fighting for equality in the bedroom and the boardroom, Ferratto's journey follows the sexual revolution of the '60s through the #metoo era of today.
Holy is a showcase of power. Donna's images reveal women's bodies in all their monstrous glory–even her own. May these photographs mobilize you, whether you are cis or trans, young or old, butch or femme. Human survival depends on women. Embrace your instincts, desires, brainpower, and strength. Embrace each other.
Donna Ferrato is an internationally-known documentary photographer. Her gifts for exploration, illumination, and documentation coupled with a commitment to revealing the darker sides of humanity, have made her a giant in the medium.
She has four books including Living with the Enemy which sold over 40,000 copies, and Love & Lust, published by Aperture. She has participated in over 500 one-woman shows and has received awards such as the Robert F. Kennedy Award for Humanistic Photography (1987), the Missouri Honor Medal for Distinguished Service in Journalism (2003), and the Gender Fairness Award from the New York State Supreme Court Judges (2009).
Ferrato founded a non-profit called Domestic Abuse Awareness which she ran for over a decade and in 2014 launched a campaign called I Am Unbeatable, which features women who have left their abusers. In 2016, TIME magazine announced her photograph of a woman being hit by her husband (1982) as one of the "100 Most Influential Photographs of All Time."
Her new book, HOLY, showcases Ferrato's fierce devotion to uncovering the complicated truth about women's lives.


text:
Kenilworth Camping Qld
Kenilworth QLD Camping Review
Kenilworth is a small town and locality in the upper Mary Valley area of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia. This is a rural area, about 50 kilometres from the coast, with dairy farming as the major industry.
There are a variety of camp spots to chose from and the one thing we promise is that, no matter which camp spot you chose you will not be disappointed.
Kenilworth offers old world charm with a laid back country feel. Not only will you come out relaxed, but you will also have the opportunity to enjoy fantastic local produce and the never to be forgotten views.
So here are some fantastic camp spots to explore and build life long memories at.
Kenilworth Camping On The River
Kenilworth Camping On The River offer fantastic camp sites that the whole family will enjoy. It is extremely easy to find that being just off the kenilworth -Eumundi Rd.
It offers Free range old school camping and we all know this is becoming more and difficult to find. Select your own private camp site.
The owners are extremely friendly and will make sure you enjoy your stay owners. There is a great river to enjoy and fireplaces to keep you warm and cook off. Kenilworth Camping On The River is also dog friendly so your best mate wont have to miss out on.
Kenilworth Camping
Paulger Road,
Directly off Eumundi Kenilworth Rd,
Kenilworth QLD 4574
Phone: +61455 176 240
Kenilworth Homestead
Kenilworth Homestead is an awesome place, there is just so much for the kids to do. Maker sure you bring your canoes, bikes and walking shoes too and your guaranteed to have tired kids by the end of the day.
Kenilworth Homestead offers huge camping areas and is less than 2 km from kenilworth town, so if forget anything don't worry!
Powered sites available, toilets and showers are available too and are kept clean, wish there were more though over the busy periods.
It is a great spot to go with friends and children, build a fire at night, get back to basics camping!! Check it out!!
2760 Eumundi – Kenilworth Rd
Kenilworth QLD 4574
POSTAL PO Box 204 Kenilworth QLD 4574
Bluff Creek Campground Kenilworth
Bluff Creek Campground is one of them camp spots that I would love to keep a secret but that would be unfair to the friendly owners.
This is one of the my favorite camp spots that I have stayed at close to Brisbane.
It has some of the cleanest facilities around, making it a model of how other camp spots should be run. Dog friendly so your best mate can join you too.
Do yourself a favor and check it out real soon!
44 Wilcox Road
Kenilworth QLD
Phone: 0456 532 850


text:
"All the Way Up" has got to be the surprise New York anthem of the year. Not sound-wise, but who would've thought that the Terror Squad's leading man and woman could've reunited for a smash hit in 2016? A couple of nights ago, as the song had entered its eighth week on the Hot 100 (now at No. 51), Joe unveiled a huge surprise by dropping the official remix at Yankee stadium, keeping it an all-New York affair with a rare guest verse from Jay Z that found him responding to his wifey's Lemonade controversy for the first time. Then last night, Meek Mill and Fabolous took a shot at the Cool & Dre production, and their remix, too, caused quite a stir, as Meek (yet again) took some not-so-subtle shots at Drake.
Today, another New York don has continued the non-stop remix treatment by dropping off an "All the Way Up" freestyle of his own. Jadakiss recognizes that the bar has been set high, shouting out the two remixes that came immediately before him, but he certainly delivers with the freestyle that follows, giving some grimy street life to the summer party track.
Quotable Lyrics
They can tread water, but they can't swim enough
Nah, I'm built for the physical outing
Besides that, I'm filthy like municipal housing
[via MissInfo]


text:
The United States has suspended its U-2 surveillance flights over Iraq, after an incident Tuesday which forced the planes to return to base.
US officials said Iraqi jets threatened the unarmed U2 spy planes as they were supporting UN weapons inspections in Iraq.
Iraq said the United Nations admitted it made a mistake by allowing two spy planes to fly into Iraq, saying the second flight was unscheduled.
The development came as Iraq started to destroy more of its prohibited al-Samoud-two missiles, but the United Nations said Baghdad must do more to disarm.
Hiro Ueki, a spokesman for the UN inspectors, said Iraq was scrapping more of the missiles on Tuesday, but it was unclear how many. Iraq has crushed about half of its declared al-Samoud arsenal of about 100 missiles, after being ordered to do so on March first by the United Nations.
Mr. Ueki said Iraq still needs to answer a number of outstanding issues on disarmament, including questions of VX nerve gas and anthrax.
Chief UN weapons inspector Hans Blix Monday criticized Iraq for not declaring a pilotless plane, known as a drone. But he said the legality of the drone would depend on whether it has a range of more than 150 kilometers, or if it were linked to biological or chemical weapons.
White House spokesman Ari Fleischer Tuesday termed the matter of the drone "of utmost importance," saying all indications are that it could be used to disburse biological and chemical weapons.


text:
No products in the cart.
$ 130.00
Bed Bolster. Crumbed Foam made from all new materials.
Available in a large range of Fabric Colours & Textures to match your Bed Base or Bed Head.
There are no reviews yet.
Your review *
Name *
Email *
Cushions & Bolsters
Throw Cushions
Username or email address *
Password *
Log in
Remember me
Lost your password?


text:
Students protest study time cuts
Jan Petter Myklebust – Some 9,000 students took to the streets last Wednesday to protest against Copenhagen University's plans to adopt 'student progress' measures. The government passed reforms last April that will financially punish universities if students take too long to graduate.
There were also student protests at universities in Roskilde in southern Denmark and in Aarhus.
In Copenhagen, several auditoriums were blocked by student activists, who refused other students and professors access. According to Politiken, a "wilder" protest had not been seen since the global student protests in 1968.
University eases stance
The action came even after Rector Ralf Hemmingsen, in a press release on Wednesday morning, invited student representatives to negotiations about the way the reforms will be implemented at the university. Later he said the measures would be postponed until 2015.
Minister for Science, Innovation and Higher Education Morten Østergaard said in the major Danish newspaper Berlingske Tidende on Wednesday that Copenhagen University had "sharpened the reform requirement beyond what is proposed by the new law".
The institution, he explained, was demanding that in order to fulfil degree requirements, students needed to pass at least 45 ECTS – European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System – credits a year.
Chair of Copenhagen University's student council Mie Sofie Andersen said in a press release after Rector Hemmingsen's announcment that students would still demonstrate and work against other damaging actions proposed by politicians.
Students would also ask Hemmingsen to pressure the minister "so that these reforms can be taken off the table".
Some 31,000 people have reportedly signed a protest declaration against the reform, and professors and student councillors have sided with the students in an intense debate over the past few weeks.
In parliament, Rosa Lund, representing one opposition party, posed a question to Østergaard, asking how the minister would handle the increased risk of creating more university drop-outs.
The reform
The Fremdriftsreformen – study progress reform – aims to reduce study time for a bachelor degree by an average of 7.6 months by 2020, and by an average of 12.2 months for students in the humanities at Copenhagen University.
The background to the reform, as reported by University World News, is the aim to reduce study time – Danish students are among the slowest to graduate in Europe – in order to cut DKK2.2 billion (US$410 million) from the student loan budget, and to get Danes into the workforce earlier.
On 18 April this year parliament endorsed several reforms, although the final laws must be enacted by parliament this autumn. If degree completion time targets are not achieved, universities will be punished with budgetary cuts.
While universities must implement the reform by January 2015, they have not received directives from government on how to do so.
Copenhagen University took matters into its own hand and, in order to prepare for the administrative changes required, arranged a top-level seminar with deans and study programme directors – but with no representation from students – and produced a 14-page memo on administrative adaptations needed.
The memo was leaked to Universitetsavisen – and infuriated students.
The memo made it clear that study flexibility would be significantly reduced, that an extensive regime of monitoring student progression would have to be developed, and that 45 credits a year would be required.
Currently, Danish undergraduates can take a year and masters students six months of leave from their studies without having to apply and without losing access to student loans. The reform cuts this to six months for undergraduates and to no leave at all for masters students, without providing a reason why.
Student leader Andersen wrote on the union website: "The rules will have major consequences for our education and for future students. The expectations to take foreign exchanges, internships and study jobs require that our education is flexible.
"Removing the right to take leave, and the risk of being kicked out if you fail an exam, are both proposals that are out of sync with the real world."
The student protests are about the way the reforms have been decided at Copenhagen but also in particular against an automatic mechanism of registration for course exams after 2014. Students will be automatically registered for 60 ECTS credits each year, and will have to pass at least 45 to be able to continue into the next year.
Jens Oddershede, head of the Danish Rectors' Conference, has warned that the reforms might increase the need for control and hence bureaucracy at Danish universities – at a time when institutions have been instructed to cut administration by 10%.
via Thousands of students protest against study time cuts – University World News.
Education News
by Education News
Find us on Google+


text:
Once the ink on the documents dried and Indiana could clear Thomas Bryant's National Letter of Intent, Tom Crean needed only one word to desribe his latest signing: transformative.
That's because Crean knows he finally has the kind of rim protector that will allow his team to bring more consistent pressure on defense. He has a willing and athletic offensive big man who runs the court better than any Hoosier since Cody Zeller.
And he has the missing piece that could very likely propel the Hoosiers into Big Ten title contenders.
"We need the presence of an inside player, that's obvious," Crean said. "But he's so much more than that, and I think that's what has been exciting since we started recruiting him, and then really picking it up like we did in the fall, and continuing to recruit him throughout the year. There's some tremendous qualities about him."
The 6-foot-10 center from Rochester, N.Y. is ranked the No. 27 player in the 2015 class by 247 Sports, while Scout slots him at No. 33. In his senior season at Huntington Prep (W.Va.), Bryant averaged 17.3 points, 11.6 rebounds and 4.5 blocks per game, while earning invites to the McDonald's All-American Game and the Jordan Brand Classic.
Bryant's signing officially marks the fifth consecutive year that IU has signed a McDonald's All-American.
He joins Missouri forwards O.G. Anunoby and Juwan Morgan in Indiana's 2015 class. The Hoosiers are currently oversigned by one, but are waiting on future announcements from James Blackmon Jr. and Yogi Ferrell.
Crean said Wednesday that Blackmon's future at IU will be revealed in the next few days, while Ferrell will announce his intentions to either remain at Indiana or go pro on Saturday night in Indianapolis.
"This class could continue to grow," Crean said.


text:
This map requires WebGL
Please update your web browser or enable WebGL to view the map.Troubleshooting Info
The #1 Camping App
Camp with confidence with the highest-ranked camping app for both iOS and Android. Search more than 1 million listings, reviews, and tips for campsites across the U.S.
Enter your phone number to get the app.
What a clean, quiet, well cared for campground!! I saw some negative comments on another site and was very surprised. The sites are sufficiently large. Certainly one can see other campers but check the site map and you can certainly find sites more private than others.
VERY dog friendly. They have an off leash dog area and swimming area. The trails are nice, wooded, uncrowded. Cross the street and you can access the canal trail surrounded by protected land. Great for walking/biking combined with canal traffic watching. We walked the dogs along trail and saw 1 other person. Another day we drove along the dirt roads along the canal and saw 2 other vehicles the whole time.
Easy to ride into Wilmington as well as very close to the Brandywine area.
Do yourself a favor and visit Hagley Museum!
I definitely recommend this campground!
Nice spread out camp sites with power hookup.
A small piece of outdoors in the middle of a very bustling city is a great getaway close to home! a melting pot of meeting new people from all over the country visiting the DC area. And easy access to some of the nations best attractions
We stayed one night in a small cabin. It was cosy and warm on a cold night for fall. The cabins are clean and tidy and the campground is well run. It's small and the sites are quite close together. There is a good trail around the campground, not long because it's a small park, but the views of and access to the river are lovely.
Nice drive on sites for tent camping. A few well managed trails. A little heave on the rules(must use the wood they sell, clotheslines must come down overnight.
It was both mine and my fiancé's first time camping in a decade. Needless to say, we were a bit nervous about our experience. Every part either met or exceeded our expectations. We stayed at camp site ten, which was open yet felt like our own private spot. The were right by the water and the little waves lulled us to sleep each night. We were close to the building that has a kitchen, coffee and bathroom with a shower, which was super convenient. It's a dog friendly spot and our dogs thrived while making new friends! James was kind, communicative and super helpful when it came to any questions we had.
The individual campsites are decent for a light camping experience. The hiking trails are great. The rivers for kayaking a real nice. Would recommend. Only warning is unless you rent 2-3 campsites you will be close to other campers as the campsites are in groups of three right next to eachother.
Staff is very friendly. Bathhouse is clean but ran out of toilet paper often; they supposedly clean 3 times a day since COVID but we didn't see that happening on a regular schedule while we were there.
We loved that our site had a path directly to the bathhouse. This meant there wasn't any foot traffic from people wanting to shower or use the restrooms. Easy access to the utility sink for dishes, too!
There seemed to be a lot of campers in the surrounding lots and still, everyone was quiet between the quiet hours.
Our specific site was supposed to have a tent pad but there wasnt a spot cleared for our tent and we had to move the heavy picnic table so we weren't putting up our tent on top of the fire ring. We also had to use a paper plate to rake as many rocks and gravel from the site so we could put up our tent without ripping it.
We bought their firewood for $5/crate and it was really wet. It was challenging to get a fire going, which was frustrating. Ended up not being able to have a fire the last morning there and gave away our leftover firewood.
Probably my biggest complaint is that several times, the park maintenance truck drove down the loop where we camped. Our kids are running around and playing and the only vehicle that sped past every time was the park crew vehicle. All other vehicles (belonging to visitors) were respectful and drove slowly. It surprises me that with families camping here, they wouldn't be more cautious.
All in all: for our first time camping here, it was a decent experience. I don't know that we'd go there again, but it was a fun one-and-done trip.
Nice small campsite in MD not too far from DC. One negative was that when it rains it really flushes through the grounds. We had a site on the lower end of the loop and our site was hard to set up as we arrived during a storm and it was very wet even after the rain died down. Another negative was after the storm for the next few days we heard trees falling nearby. Where we were hiking. 😬 The positives are as others have pointed out there is a huge park for kids- it's not within walking distance for little kids but it's a very short drive by the entrance to the park. There's also another small park on the loop. The restrooms were central and well maintained. We found a small river and swimming hole at the bottom of the hill off to the side opposite the cabins/park. All sites had a picnic table and fire ring. Firewood available from camp host. Hiking poles would have been good for the trails when we had a kid in a pack on our back. Overall a nice close small campground.
We went camping at Killens pond for the first time a few weeks ago. We camped in the G loop. Lots of woods for the kids to play in. Easy walk to the shower/bath house. The camp host was super nice and made sure that we had everything we needed. Great place to take your family for an outdoor adventure. Hiking, fishing, biking. They also have kayaking and peddle boats. We will definitely be back!


text:
At times you need someone to guide you. A person who can understand you more than you yourself do and will never betray you. Some people tend to find that one in their spouse, their best friend or their sibling. As I am the eldest at my place and my siblings are way too young to understand my stuff, I always have this craving for an elder sibling. Best friends change with time during adolescence and no door was welcoming at 2 am(All shitty problems arise at 2 am). I know my hatred for my sister, so an elder brother would be perfect. So I used to crib and cry for one, and I still do that times even after knowing that it is almost impossible. I am not crazy but I have no one to express my feelings to. Papa is the one who has been listening to my abstract ideas since ages but I can't share everything with him nor has he time to listen to my stories.
I was fourteen when I started writing a daily dairy and this idea stuck in my mind. The idea of writing everyday story as a letter subjected to my elder brother. I wish he could read all of them one day, though in my virtual world. Since then, I live in a parallax world wherein I am not the eldest one.
This series is a collection of such letters but by a nineteen year old this time. I'll be uploading one every Saturday.
Welcome to my virtual world.


text:
Are you using the right ice for your cocktail? Find out in this article!
PUNCH | What Type of Ice Is Right for Your Cocktail?
Cocktail formulas can range from simple and straightforward to overly (and often unnecessarily) complicated. But whether you're working behind the stick or making a pre-dinner drink in your apartment, you're going to need one common, but essential ingredient: ice.
What are bitters anyways? Have a read and find out.
What Are Bitters and How Should I Use Them?
Bitters are back, baby. Credit the craft cocktail resurgence of the last decade or so for the renewed interest in these potent and, yes, bitter liquids, a few drops of which bar aficionados say are essential to many proper drinks and, as a bonus, can soothe an upset stomach.
Hosting a dinner party? Let Alex teach you a great cocktail trick!


text:
Neon Paint Splatter Backgrounds – Contemporary Living Area Seats
Among the hottest trends in interior decor nowadays may be the increase in popularity of modern dining area chairs. If tv shows you'll observe that more and more individuals are embracing great and cool seats for their dining rooms.
Fantastic and fun furniture and Seats
While typically traditional seats nevertheless have their place, the accessibility to fantastic and fun furniture for the dining area is definitely a trend that's worth exploring.The patterned padded seats
One common choice may be the patterned padded seat. These neat and comfortable chairs can be found in pretty much every routine underneath the range. You will surely locate them, if you want zebra-print seats for the dining area. You will find those too, if you want warm pink zebra chairs. It's only a matter of how wild and mad you wish to go. There are many of others to select from, if zebra isn't your sample of preference.
You will find really nice subjective designs currently available on the market. Multi-color swirls in tones like teal and burnt red are one option. Subjective color leaks are still another option in upholstered furniture. This pattern is really popular today that generally if you can desire it, you can probably find it.
Aside from which contemporary dining area chair you select, this really is one decorating fashion trend that's worth looking at. See what's available and see what catches your fancy. Anyone may do basic and traditional; be considered a maverick and choose for seats some personality is shown by that and that are completely off the beaten track.
Design a window seat. Extra seating is a bonus in any living room. If you have a window, you can maximize the view and the space with a window seat — even if you don't have a bay window. Extra storage under the seat cushion is especially helpful in small spaces. Don't forget to use a good-quality insert in your seat cushion — your friends and family will thank you.


text:
Graduation Requirements and COVID-19
The Department of Public Instruction (DPI) has provided an overview of state graduation requirements and a brief summary of local authority around this issue, including grading and class promotion. In addition, the department provides strategies to deal with the current situation of school closures related to a public health emergency. For more information, go to Graduation Requirements. For questions, please contact Tamara Mouw, Director of Teaching and Learning, at email@example.com.
On December 11, 2013, 2013 Act 63 (previously 2013 SB 51) was enacted by the legislature and signed into law by the governor. The changes impact graduation requirements under s. 118.33 (1)(a), Stats. Specifically, the changes require an increase in the number of science and math credits required to graduate and provide additional options for students to earn math and science credit through career and technical education (CTE) courses and computer science courses. The changes first apply to high school diplomas granted to pupils in the 2016-17 school year (current freshmen). The actual statutory language can be found below or at https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/statutes/statutes/118/3
All districts' graduation requirements are reported annually and can be found in WISEdash.
Class of 2016
Math - 2 Credits
Science - 2 Credits
English/Language Arts - 4 Credits
Social Studies - 3 Credits
Civics Requirement - No
Class of 2017 and Beyond
Math - 3 Credits
Science - 3 Credits
English/Language Arts - 4 Credits
Social Studies - 3 Credits
Civics Requirement - Yes
Physical Education – 1.5 credits
Health – 0.5 credits (in grades 7-12)
Please use the following guidance to help answer questions, and please direct additional questions to: Tamara Mouw, Teaching and Learning Team director, firstname.lastname@example.com.
This guidance document is intended to be used in local district planning discussions to prepare for the new graduation requirement that all students intending to graduate during or after the 2016-17 school year successfully earn three (raised from two) credits of mathematics and three (raised from two) credits of science. See the revised statute below (emphasis added by DPI):
118.33 High school graduation standards; criteria for promotion.
(a) Except as provided in pars. (d) and (e), a school board may not grant a high school diploma to any pupil unless the pupil has earned:
1. In the high school grades, all of the following:
a. At least 4 credits of English including writing composition.
b. At least 3 credits of social studies including state and local government.
c. At least 3 credits of mathematics. The school board shall award a pupil up to one mathematics credit for successfully completing in the high school grades a course in computer sciences that the department has determined qualifies as computer sciences according to criteria established by the department. The school board shall award a pupil up to one mathematics credit for successfully completing in the high school grades a career and technical education course that the school board determines satisfies a mathematics requirement, but may not award any credit for that course if the school board awards any credit for that same course under subd. 1. d.
d. At least 3 credits of science. The school board shall award a pupil a science credit for successfully completing in the high school grades each course in agriculture that the department has determined qualifies as science according to criteria established by the department. The school board shall award a pupil up to one science credit for successfully completing in the high school grades a career and technical education course that the school board determines satisfies a science requirement, but may not award any credit for that course if the school board awards any credit for that same course under subd. 1. c.
e. At least 1.5 credits of physical education.
2. In grades 7 to 12, at least 0.5 credit of health education.
(am) The state superintendent shall encourage school boards to require an additional 8.5 credits selected from any combination of vocational education, foreign languages, fine arts and other courses.
Questions and Answers
1. What are the changes outlined in Act 63 that will impact students graduating in the 2016-17 school year?
School districts will need to require at least 3 credits of math (up from 2) and at least 3 credits of science (up from 2) for students to earn a diploma beginning in the 2016-17 school year. The act also provides additional options for students to earn math and science credits through CTE and computer science.
2. Does the graduation policy for the school district need to be changed?
There are several reasons a school district's graduation policy will need to be changed:
- To update the number of required math and science credits to 3.
To acknowledge that a student successfully completing a course that the Department of Public Instruction (DPI) has determined qualifies as computer sciences will be awarded up to one math credit.
To determine which CTE courses, if any, satisfy a math or science requirement, and will be awarded credit according to s. 118.33(1)(a), Stats.
3. If a student intending to graduate in 2015-16 does not graduate, will that student be held to the changes outlined in Act 63?
Yes. The law first applies to a high school diploma granted to a pupil in the 2016-17 school year. If a student needs to attend summer school to complete missing credits, as long as they are granted a 2015-16 diploma, they do not need the additional math or science credits.
4. If a student who is currently on-target to graduate during the 2016-17 school year charts a path to graduate early (in 2015-16), will that student be held to the changes outlined in Act 63
No. The law first applies to a high school diploma granted to a pupil in the 2016-17 school year.
5. Can a student take both a CTE course (approved by the Board) and a Computer Science course (approved by DPI) for 2 of the 3 math credits?
6. Can a student take 2 CTE courses as part of the 3 required science or math courses?
A student could take a CTE course for a math credit and a different CTE course for a science credit. However, a student cannot count a CTE course for both one math and one science credit or take 2 CTE courses for two math credits or two CTE courses for two science credits.
7. Does a school board have to grant math credit for CTE courses?
The school board first needs to determine which CTE courses, if any, they approve to be equivalent math credit. Once courses, if any, are approved, math credit shall be granted.
8. How many math credits can a school board award for CTE courses?
Up to one credit.
9. Can a school board give partial math or science credit?
Yes. When a school board is determining what CTE courses will be approved for local equivalent math or science credits, they may choose to award partial credit (i.e. .5 CTE credit and .5 math credit for a welding course.) The teaching license required for those courses would be the same as if full equivalency credit is awarded--the proper CTE license.
No. While the new law provides greater flexibility to local education agencies in awarding mathematics and science credit for a broader array of coursework, the new law does not require technical schools, two-year and four-year colleges and universities to accept these courses as part of their minimum entry requirements.
However, DPI has a long-standing partnership with Wisconsin higher education institutions around our Equivalency Credit process. Faculty has participated in and provided support for this rigorous process. Although it is not a guarantee, Wisconsin institutions have a history of accepting credits that were acquired through the DPI Equivalency Process for their minimum entry requirements. Please see our Agriculture Education Page http://ag.dpi.wi.gov/ag_asec and our Project Lead the Way page https://dpi.wi.gov/te/equivalency/science where we have posted letters from the UW System regarding their commitment to accept certain equivalency credits. DPI recommends that school districts consider using this well established process to determine what CTE credits should be used to award math and science credit.
11. If a school district determines that specific CTE courses satisfy high school graduation requirements for mathematics or science, how shall the school district designate this on the student's transcript?
School districts need to determine how those courses will be designated on the student's transcript. There are some designations that are prohibited. See next question for more information.
11a. If a school district determines that specific CTE courses satisfy high school graduation requirements for mathematics or science, the school district will need to determine how those courses are recorded on the student transcript. Are there any designations that are NOT to be used?
Yes. School districts shall not use the same "equivalency" designation as provided through the DPI equivalency process.
The following coding is only reserved for DPI approved courses. Districts shall not use the following for locally determined equivalent courses:
(ES) = equivalent for science
(EM) = equivalent for mathematics
(ESS) = equivalent for social studies
(EE)= equivalent for English
12. If a student takes a course in middle school, does it count for high school credit?
Under 2013 Act 138, which was recently passed by the Wisconsin Legislature, it is up to the school board to decide whether to award high school credit. A school board can choose one of three options in awarding high school credit for a middle school math or science credit earned in grade 7 or 8:
- No high school credit.
- High school credit toward the 4 required English credits, 3 social studies credits, 3 math credits, 3 science credits, 1.5 credits of physical education, or .5 credit of health education under s. 118.33(1)(a), Stats., if the requirements in s. 118.33(1)(em), Stats., are met.
- High school credit toward the additional 8.5 credits a school board may require from a combination of vocational education, foreign languages, fine arts, and other courses under s. 118.33(1)(am), Stats., if the requirements in s. 118.33(1)(em), Stats., are met.
It should be noted that CTE or computer science courses need to be completed in the high school grades to count for math or science credit. CTE or computer science courses could be taken in middle school for CTE or computer science credit under s.118.33(1)(am), Stats.
There are three requirements under s. 118.33(1)(em), Stats., that must be met in order to award high school credit for a credit a pupil earns in grades 7 or 8:
- The pupil's performance on the state examination or a similar examination approved by the school board demonstrates that the pupil is academically prepared for coursework that is offered in the high school grades.
- The credit is earned in a course that is taught by a teacher who is licensed to teach the subject in the high school grades.
- The credit is earned in a course that is taught using a curriculum and assessments that are equivalent to the curriculum and assessments used to teach the subject in the high school grades.
13. Which courses are approved by DPI as Computer Science courses?
For the purposes of the new Wisconsin State Statute 118.33 (1) (a) 1.c.—High School Graduation Standards, DPI has established the following criteria that must be used in determining that a course is a Computer Science course, and therefore a school district may give math credit. A course must contain the following components:
- Algorithmic Problem Solving: Systematic study algorithms or processes that underlie the acquisition, representation, processing, storage, communication of, and access to information.
Applications development: Applications development and applications design through coding, programming, and software engineering.
Computational Design and Computational Intelligence: Study of the design of computational systems, understanding how computational systems work—and hands on application of mathematical processes within computational systems.
Computational Thinking: Reason abstractly and quantitatively by making sense of quantities and their relationships in problem situations.
Management Information Systems: Study of the access to information generated through computer systems (programming, databases, application development)—coding, database development, and the understanding of the applications used for computational processing and applications development.
The continued intent of this guidance is to ensure a computer science course that incorporates all of the established criteria will maintain a significant concentration of programming content as specifically listed in two out of five criteria. If a course contains the above components, then the course is considered approved by DPI as a Computer Science course, and a local school board may award math credit. More guidance on Computer Science courses can be found on DPI's website.
14. Does a local school district need to submit Computer Science courses to DPI for approval?
No. A local school district needs to ensure that the content of the course includes ALL components listed in Answer 13.
Teacher Licensure
15. What license does a teacher need to hold if they are teaching a CTE course that will result in math or science credit?
The teacher must hold the proper CTE license for the course that they are teaching. For example, an agricultural teacher must hold a 200 license to teach an agriculture course that the student will be receiving equivalent science credit.
16. Who can teach computer science courses for math credit?
A licensed computer science teacher who holds a 405 computer science license is required.
17. Does a computer science teacher teaching a DPI-approved computer science course need a 400 Mathematics license?
Mathematics Standards
18. What is the relationship between the new mathematics credit requirement outlined in Act 63, the new mathematics standards, and the new assessment system (the ACT at high school)?
Wisconsin adopted the new mathematics standards in July of 2010, and in doing so, Wisconsin significantly raised the bar on mathematical expectations for all students K-12. The mathematics standards are college and career ready standards, meaning that students who successfully learn the Wisconsin mathematics standards can expect to enter into successful entry level work or credit bearing college coursework. In 2011, a panel of Wisconsin professors of education and mathematics reviewed the mathematics standards and affirmed the 12th grade expectations of the mathematics standards were consistent with entry level university coursework.
Beginning in the 2014-15 school year, Wisconsin high school students will also experience a new state assessment, the ACT. While over 60% of Wisconsin high school students currently take the ACT assessment, now all high school students will be tested using this system. The ACT is aligned to the new, more rigorous mathematics standards.
In making local determinations about awarding credit for courses that contain mathematics content, LEAs should look carefully at the mathematics standards to ensure that the breadth of grade-level appropriate content is evident in courses being considered for mathematics credit. Every high school student should have sufficient options for meeting the full breadth of the mathematics standards, whether through a traditional (Algebra, Geometry, Algebra-Trigonometry), integrated (Mathematics I, II, III), or a more flexible, locally determined path that includes a mixture of typical mathematics and CTE or computer science coursework.
Locally, LEAs might consider convening district-level curriculum teams of mathematics and CTE educators to examine the curriculum and syllabi of courses under consideration for mathematics credit to determine the alignment to the mathematics standards and to make any necessary modifications to ensure that the course is sufficiently rigorous. DPI is currently developing a number of tools to assist LEAs in examining a course through the lens of the new mathematics standards.
Alternatively, an LEA might consider using the DPI Equivalency Process to assist in making decisions about credit allotment and alignment to the mathematics standards. This process has already aligned several CTE courses with the mathematics standards and sample course syllabi and standards cross-walk tools have been developed and vetted by Wisconsin educators and higher education faculty. The rigor and transparency of the DPI Equivalency Process often helps institutions of higher education to more easily make sound decisions about whether a particular course will be recognized as a mathematics course by a particular institution. While not required for LEAs seeking to award mathematics credit for CTE courses, the Equivalency Process is a tool that districts are encouraged to use in charting flexible but rigorous options for students.
For more information on the DPI mathematics equivalency process, please visit https://dpi.wi.gov/te/equivalency/math.
Printable PDF version of this guidance document.