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9 tips to avoid a toxic company culture of office politics
This question originally appeared on Quora.
What is the best way to create and foster a work environment that has minimal office politics — particularly for a startup?
Answer below by Quora user Michael O. Church.
Well, the first question to ask is: Where do office politics come from? They come from systems that provide incentives for people to play political games. Such incentives might be:
Severe disparities in outcomes that appear to come more from popularity than actual contribution
Job insecurity
Work allocation protocol that doesn't adequately match people with work they'll find interesting, forcing people to gain control of the division of labor (i.e. become managers) if they want work relevant to their career aspirations
Large "ball of mud" projects that make employees' architects and leads look good while grunts do all the work, and because individual performance is often hard to demonstrate, receive little to no recognition
Importance attached to job titles and position in the organizational hierarchy
These are just a few of the toxic elements that foster political nastiness, but there's one big one that runs through all of them: Companies, even small ones, have a tendency to hire before they trust. This is bad.
Trust has degrees, of course, and I'm not saying that new hires should be trusted with the whole business. However, many companies get into a mode where the default attitude toward the average worker is one of distrust. You have the higher-ups and managers who are trusted and given autonomy, and the "everyone else" category, which isn't really in the club. People don't want to be in this latter category and will do all kinds of nasty things to lift themselves out of it.
These aren't "big company" illnesses exclusively. In fact, large companies have more experience dealing with this kind of thing than do small firms. These problems can appear in five to 20-person companies easily; they can occur in a two-person company if the relationship is one-sided and toxic.
So how does one prevent this devolution from happening? Below are a few suggestions.
Open allocation. There are some great explanations of this concept here: Software Development Methodologies: What is Open Allocation?. In short, as long as people are working on things that benefit the company, let them work on whatever they want. If someone wants to transfer to a different team, let her move her desk to their section that afternoon. Once the division of labor is no longer a political favor to be "allocated," people don't have to play politics to get good projects — so they don't. They just work on the things that interest them, and are too busy to screw around or gossip.
The main stakes should be doing something cool. A lot of startups think their profit-sharing programs are progressive, while employee #106 gets 0.04% when a VP hired at the same time is offered 1%, or 25 times more. People always find out about these inequities, and it's really bad for morale. Compensation shouldn't be uniformly distributed (that itself would be unfair), but it should be allocated in a way that's reasonable, and so that climbing the corporate ladder doesn't improve a person's compensation that much. Pay for achievements, not positions, and keep the main motivation to do cool work, not to reach X title in Y years. Corporate ladder-climbing is the source of most politics; that's the bulk of what provides the incentive for them. If you reduce the benefits of climbing, you're more likely to get real leadership instead of narcissistic game-playing.
Never cold-fire. You may have to fire people. In fact, you will need to do it at some point because, if nothing else, you'll have to fire toxic people to protect your environment. Give them a generous severance (enough to get to their next job) that includes a good reference (unless they're awful; then stick to name and dates) and the right to represent themselves as employed. Even if you hate writing severance packages (out of some emotional aversion to "rewarding failure"), just do it. Severance isn't a reward: It buys you insurance against litigation and disparagement, and gives your company a reputation of treating people well even upon termination. If people aren't worried about getting thrown out on the street, there's less anxiety and they can focus on their work. If you write severances, chances are people will never find out that a firing occurred (a win-win face-saving).
Take mentorship and career growth seriously. Everyone should feel as if they are learning more from their work than they would if they were given a comparable amount of money, but left to direct their own time. The work should be additive to their educational process, not subtractive. When people start to feel like they're falling behind, educationally speaking, they start to get nervous and suspicious. If people feel like they're learning more working with you than they would elsewhere, they tend to be happy. Career coherence is taken care of, and they can focus on the task at hand.
Grow slowly, hire selectively and hire honestly. Don't hire a person if you aren't ready to trust that person with, at least, full autonomy over her own time. Don't grow so fast that you have a different company every week. Finally, be honest about the culture you have and want to maintain when you hire, and especially make it clear to executives that they'll probably have less power than they're used to (they can't just intimidate people into doing stuff). Hiring is the most important thing to get right when it comes to preserving a culture, and it's hard to reverse.
Everyone participates in belt-tightening. HP, in its glory days, would cut salaries 10% across the board instead of laying people off, and compensate by offering non-executives one day off every two weeks. People trust and like the executives more if this is how difficult economic times are handled.
Keep projects small. If you're a software company, make the programmer-to-program relationship one-to-many instead of many-to-one. Everyone should be able to own something, even if it's small, in order to have a sense of real contribution. This keeps the impostor syndrome and suspicions of, "Just what does he do here?" at bay.
Encourage workplace friendships. I tend to think that extravagant outings (team trips to Hawaii) are expensive and don't do much for team-building — everyone is still on guard, and most people would rather go on vacation with family than officemates. Encourage cheaper, smaller and voluntary workplace outings, to baseball games and museums, etc., or even just hold board game nights. The goal is to make it possible for real companionship to form. People are less inclined to play underhanded political games when colleagues — whose opinions they actually value — are watching.
Avoid "managerial mystique." In many companies, managers make decisions and don't explain them. Avoid this. Explain sensitive or difficult decisions, especially if they affect the way people work. Managerial mystique creates bilateral distrust that leads to the two-class company.
Having a great culture is unlikely to happen by accident, because bad cultures aren't always a result of bad people. You have to actively manage it to prevent people from falling into old patterns, and there's no formula for this, but I hope that the above advice is a good starting point.
More Q&A on Quora: the best answer to any question. Ask a question, get a great answer. Learn from the experts and get insider knowledge.
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Korneev Philipp Alexandrovich
Current affiliation: National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
Contact Information
Address: National Research Nuclear University "Moscow Engineering Physics Institute", Kashirshkoe shosse 31, 115409, Moscow, Russia
Phones (+7)0953239377
Skype: ph.korneev
Education and Academic Status
2002 Graduate from Moscow Engineering Physics Institute with Master of Science degree. Diploma thesis "Interferential resonance in above-threshold ionization spectrum"
2002-2005 Ph.D. student in Moscow Engineering Physics Institute. Scientific advisers: professor Goreslavski S.P., Dr. Popruzhenko S.V.
November 2007 Doctor of Philosophy degree (Candidate of Physical and Mathematical sciences). Thesis "Collisionless energy absorption of intense laser irradiation in a classical nanoplasma"
2002-2009 Researcher at the Department of Theoretical Physics, National Research Nuclear University "Moscow Engineering Physics Institute"
2009-present Associate professor at the Department of Theoretical Physics, National Research Nuclear University "Moscow Engineering Physics Institute"
Teaching Experience
2002-present: Theoretical physics, fundamental course: classical mechanics, classical theory of the field, quantum mechanics, statistical physics.
2010-present: General computer education for students on theoretical department.
2008-present: Introduction to stochasticity in classical dynamics, Statistical physics.
Research Area and Scientific Interests
The list of the most important publications.
Scientific interests are concentrated on the problems of intense laser fields interaction with matter, in particular, with atoms and nanostructures. Analytic style of research is preferred.
Theoretical studies:
(1) above-threshold (single and multiple) ionization of atoms and negative ions in a strong laser field;
(2) interaction of atomic clusters and thin films with intense short laser pulses, including nonlinear plasma effects and mechanisms of energy absorption and frequency conversion.
(3) interaction of colliding plasmas in laboratory astrophysics experiments.
Research projects (selected)
1. High harmonics generation and amplification in atomic clusters irradiated by intense laser field. PI: Dr. W. Becker, Max-Born Institut, Berlin, Germany ; Supported by DAAD, 2009
2. Above-threshold ionization into low-energy states for various spectral ranges PI: Dr. W. Becker, Max-Born Institut, Berlin, Germany, Prof. S.P. Goreslavski, Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia, Supported by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, 2010-2011
3. Generation, amplification and absorption of coherent high-frequency radiation in processes of laser-cluster and laser-nanostructure interactions, PI: Ph. Korneev, National Research Nuclear University Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia, Supported by Federal Goal Program, 2009-2011
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subset: commoncrawl


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Hi friends! I hope everyone is ready for Christmas and excited about the beginning of a new year. As you can tell with my card share today, I already have Valentine's Day on the brain, lol! Hearts have always been a favorite design element to use on my cards so I thought I'd go all out and make the card itself heart shaped.
I used the largest hearts in the Stacking Hearts Honey Cuts and new Scallop Hearts Honey Cuts to create a card base and decorative card front. The Stacking Hearts layer perfectly onto the Scallop Hearts. The perfect stamp set to pair with these hearts is the adorable Mae The Mouse set. I stamped and colored the mouse image twice because Mae needed a friend… I've named him Max.
I wanted to have the mice holding a heart where I've stamped the first part of the sentiment. The sentiment is from the Brie Mine stamp set. I used the Brie Mine Honey Cuts to die cut the word valentine stamped on a contrasting color so it would stand out.
The Brie Mine stamp set is so versatile. There are lots of sentiment building possibilities but I decided to keep it simple and add happy valentine's day to the inside of the card.
Make sure you check out all the fun new stamps and dies in the Brie Mine release. And keep checking the blog after the holidays for continued inspiration from the Honey Bee design team using the new release .
Wishing you all a wonderful Christmas and very happy New Year!


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Fourth & Sycamore is looking for book reviews. If the reviews come with ongoing reviewers attached to them, all the better.
If you're new to our site, Fourth & Sycamore is the literary journal of the Greenville Public Library in Ohio. We publish book reviews, author interviews, fiction, poetry, and essays. We have a book critic who writes 1-2 reviews a week for us (David Nilsen, member of the National Book Critics Circle), but we would love to feature even more book reviews than that.
Which is where you come in.
Do you love to read new books? Do you love to write about them? Are you unsure if you love to write about the books you love to read, but you do love to write and want to give criticism a try? Are you a freelance writer wanting to get your voice out there? Were you recently fired from the New York Times and want to write for free for a library lit journal as a way of recharging your cosmic karma account? A yes to any of the above questions makes you a perfect candidate to submit book reviews to us.
Most of our current book reviews are of poetry, literary and small press fiction, and nonfiction books on topics such as gender and sexuality, film, and music. Those are what our critic likes, and we like our critic, so it works. We'd love to diversify our reviews though to include fiction and nonfiction of (almost) all genres to more fully meet the needs of our library's patrons and our literary journal's readers. We would really love to develop relationships with talented writers who want to write reviews for us on an ongoing basis and don't mind that we can't pay one single cent for said reviews.
If you're interested, here's what you need to do:
- Read through some of the reviews currently on our site and get a feel for what we publish.
- Read our writing guidelines in their entirety and follow them when submitting work. If you don't follow them we are authorized by the state of Ohio to trap rabid skunks and drop them on your house via drone (this provision was rolled in with a campaign finance bill and no one noticed till it was passed into law).
- If you are interested in writing one-off reviews, query us as instructed in the guidelines.
- If you are interested in writing reviews for us on an ongoing basis, email us at the address provided in the guidelines. Include a short bio, let us know why you want to write reviews for us, tell us about what you like to read (and would like to review), let us know how often you would be interested in writing reviews, and verify you understand you will not be paid a single rusty penny for doing so. You also need to either include links to at least two pieces of your writing and/or attach two writing samples (these don't have to be reviews, but it would be awesome if they were).
- Understand there is an editorial process for being accepted. If we choose not to accept your submissions, or your bid to write regular reviews for us, please don't take it personally. We sincerely appreciate your interest. Don't hate us.
We are very excited to hear from you. Send us your best. If you let us down our editor might cry, and he's an ugly crier and also controls the skunk-deployment drones. Don't make us skunk bomb you.
Now get writing!


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Plant diseases and plant defenses:
In today's class we will go over various plant defense mechanisms and microbial retorts to plant defenses. These notes are most certainly not inclusive but will provide you with an introduction to the fascinating topic of plant defenses....
- Impact of invaders on plants
- Preinfection defense systems of plants
- Postinfection defense systems of plants
- Elicitors of attack
- How do microbes counterattack?
I. How do fungi and other microbes hurt plants?1. Chlorosis; wilting as a result of ammonia accumulation in tissuesNormally NO2==> glutamine but with enzyme inhibition instead becomes NH3--> which is toxic to the plant
2. Bacteria and fungi produce high levels of "plant hormones"fungi--> gibberellins - known examples include the fungus which causes rice to grow at a hyper or 'crazy' rate - the study of which lead to the identification of gibberellin.
Various bacteria produce --> cytokinins.. elevated growth rates, metabolism.
This 'trickery' however is not exclusive to microbes; larvae of various insects also give off hormonal analogues which cause the plant to produce new vascular tissue in the area of the invader and which allows it to be fed as it develops. At the same time, plants do as we learned earlier, produce insect/animal hormones which cause them to develop at inappropriate times, so all is fair in ....
3. WiltingInvaders produce polysaccharide gums which plug up xylem tissue and messes up stomatal control via hormones--> ABA. We discussed earlier root rot or damping off in seedlings when overwatering young plants. This encourages fungal growth and subsequent gumming off. As the plant wilts, we tend to water more, thinking it its lack is the cause of the wilt, and further encouraging fungal growth.
4. Metal and other ion chelatorsMetal chelators sSteal' metal atoms and tie them up. Specific microbial compounds scavenge Fe and Cu in the plant cell - others can complex with Ca ( oxalic acid) causing grief with ion flow, metabolic reactions..
5. Break down cells walls with enzymesdegradative enzymes cause plant '' rots" via cell wall separation; includes the secretion of cellulase and pectic enzymes. Fungi are notorious for producing various pectinases which dissolve the glue that holds walls together.
6. Interfere with plant metabolism..examples given below
7. Interfere with membrane structure, making them leaky... mesophyll cells then leak out nutrients; control may center about ion flow ( Ca++ ) or with the structure of the membrane itself, especially the fatty component. Various compounds are known to affect lipid structure, and rearrangement will cause breakdown of membrane structure and regulation of flow through it.
II. How do plants defend themselves these detested invaders?
Defense mechanism are broken down into 2 major groupings: mechanisms which exist before infection and those which are activated with infection...
A. Those defenses which exist before infection are generally nonspecific. They include the prohibitins which help reduce microorganism development or inhibitins which increase in level after infection or become fully toxic with infection but in both cases exist in some form before infection
Pre infected or preformed defenses are generalized... they have not evolved in relation to the expression of a specific pathogen's product designed to harm the host.
How can a plant generate such a 'good for all contingencies' type of defense, given the pathogens can vary in wall structure ( fungi have cell walls made up of chitin vs. bacterial walls), biochemistry, water requirements and so on?
Generalized defense strategies:1. Surface: As with animals, the skin or in this case the surface is a good first defense. Layering the epidermis with layers of wax prevents water-soluble products ( enzymes) from entering the plant. Obviously this system can't work where there are openings either natural ( stomata, root hairs, where mycorrhizae penetrate the plant root system) or where the surface tissue has been damaged.
Another structural defense are trichomes ( those surface hairs we saw earlier) , especially those who secrete various chemicals or enzymes.
2. Biochemical defenses
a. Enzyme or enzyme inhibitors: enzymes such as lysozymes or chitnases ( digest the chitin in the cell walls of fungal attackers) can help digest invaders. Proteinase inhibitors, lectins, thionins and polysaccharides which agglutinate or gel up the digestive enzymes produced by the invaders curb their action on the plant.
b. Preformed inhibitors used against other plants ( allopathic chemicals) can also act on microbes. These include phenols such as caffeic acid, caynogenic glycosides, and saponins.Saponins include glycosylated sterols, tirterpenes, and alkaloids which are activated by the removal of a glucose unit. Once activated they complex with membrane sterols generating membrane pores in the invader. Of course some invaders have developed a mechanism to detox these saponins
Cyanogenic glycoside--> hydrogen cyanide which is an inhibitor of electron transport in respiration
subsequent breakdown generates highly reactive species: isothiocyanates, thiocyanates, nitriles
Cabbage plant--the stuff that gives it the smell of cabbage is isothiocyanate which is also the agent responsible for its' resistance. It is more resistant in higher concentrations. We've bred it out cabbage for a milder flavor and therefore the cabbage is now less resistant
Onions--Enzymes attack and become the compound that makes onions smell and eyes tear
B. Post infection defenses and elicitors:
1. Phytoalexins--low molecular weight, antimicrobial compounds that are both synthesized by and accumulated in plant cells after exposure to microorganisms
The existence of phytoalexins was postulated as early as 1905 by Ward's Toxin theory: plants produce toxins or antibodies to defend themselves... however proving the existence of the compounds involved was a difficult task.
Miller and Borga in 1941 proposed the Phytoalexin Theory--Plants produce chemical substances de novo at time of infection. They studied potato resistant to Phytophora infestations one of the most notorious fungal pathogens which changed the history of Ireland...
However not until 20 years later did Cruickshank + Perrin isolate a specific compound that exists in in peas known as pisatin
- compound inhibits development after infection
- occurs only in living cells
- compounds are nonspecific
- resistance depends on how fast they can produce it.. in some cases precursors may be released from conjugates which speeds up defenses
- lipid like or phenolic-->protein denaturation in fungi; bacteria
- are now known to include a variety of compounds: sesquiterpenoids, phenylpropanoids (stilbenes, anthocyanins, isoflavonoids
2. Hypersensitive reactionplants cells die immediately with contact with the fungal cells. Fungus needs live cells to live off--can't grow in dead cells--so fungi tries to extend out--but as soon as it does those cells die. Phytoalexins may help in signaling or causing cell death.
3. Rapidly forming wound corkaround injury caused by fungus cells adjacent to invasion site cells divide--differentiate cork saturated with suberin (wax) and lignins which are highly resistant to enzyme attack
4. Recent work suggests a series of reactions occur with infection:Scheel, H. Hirt1, T. Kroj, W. Ligtering1, D. Nennstiel, T. Nürnberger, M. Tschöpe, W. Wirtz, and H. Zinecker
Institut für Pflanzenbiochemie, Weinberg 3, D-06120 Halle (Saale), GERMANY and 1Institut für Mikrobiologie und Genetik, Dr.-Bohr-Gasse 9, A-1030 Wien, AUSTRIA
Plants apparently recognize potentially pathogenic organisms through receptors on their surface that specifically bind pathogen or plant-derived signal molecules, so-called elicitors, and thereby initiate signaling cascades activating a multicomponent defense response. Cultured parsley cells and various proteinaceous elicitors are the experimental system used to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying recognition and signaling events in these processes.
The oligopeptide, Pep-13, from hyphal cell walls of the plant pathogenic oomycete, Phytophthora sojae, stimulates a multicomponent defense response in cultured parsley cells that is very similar to the response of intact plants to infection with this fungus. This elicitor is therefore believed to act as a recognition signal in this non-host plant/pathogen interaction, which is perceived by the plant cell through a plasma membrane receptor (1, 2). We are currently purifying the detergent-solubilized receptor by affinity chromatography. Furthermore, a second peptide elicitor of different structure has been detected in culture filtrate of Phytophthora infestans. This elicitor appears to initiate the same defense response as Pep- 13, however, through a distinct receptor site.
Early elements of the plant response are ( I've modified by adding some additional notes here emi)
- ion fluxes across the plasma membrane (membrane changes & ion exchange (H+/K+ ATPase, Ca flux), This occurs in minutes...and may involve alkalinazation ( why? remember role of acidification of cell walls in growth?)
- activation of a MAP kinase and
- the production of reactive oxygen species (likely origin from NADPH oxidase complex in plasma membrane) and the oxidative burst *
Reactive oxygen species (ROS), likely have multiple roles1. possible signals turning on defense
2. highly reactive, membrane permeable, and toxic to microbes and plant cells (superoxide anion ( O2*- )thought to generate more reactive OH*, HO2*, and lipid peroxides. How would reactive oxidative molecules affect the invader?
3. H2O2 involved in structural modifications of cell wall
followed by
- defense gene activation and phytoalexin accumulation.
Activation of the elicitor-responsive ion channels, the most rapid reaction, has been found to be necessary and sufficient for all other reactions of the plant cells (3, 4). Inhibition of elicitor-stimulated production of reactive oxygen species with diphenylene iodonium, an inhibitor of the mammalian NADPH oxidase, blocks defense gene activation and phytoalexin accumulation without affecting ion fluxes, MAP kinase activation, cell viability and constitutive gene expression. Mimicking the oxidative burst in the absence of elicitor by addition of appropriate amounts of K02 to the medium of cultured parsley cells stimulates phytoalexin accumulation but no ion fluxes. In contrast, H202 either added directly to or generated in the culture medium by glucose and glucose oxidase does not stimulate any defense response. Our results demonstrate a causal relationship between early and late elicitor reactions, establish a sequence of signaling events from receptor-mediated activation of ion channels through MAP kinase activation, the oxidative burst, and defense gene activation to phytoalexin production, and suggest that within this signal transduction chain the superoxide anion radical rather than H202 triggers defense gene activation and phytoalexin accumulation.
5. What are some other elicitors besides those mentioned above?1. Ethylene and Salicylic acid which were mentioned previously as a plant "hormones" may be carried long or short-distances in the plant and act as an amplifier of attack signal. There is recognition that other plant killers i.e.. ozone, droughts also induce ethylene production, thus this may be a generalized response to stress.
(January 24, 1997 issue of Science has a significant article documenting for the first time clear evidence that ethylene biosynthesis plays a direct, causal role in plant disease response. The article is "A Legume Ethylene-Insensitive Mutant Hyperinfected by Its Rhizobial Symbiont." R. Varma Penmetsa and Douglas R. Cook, Dept. of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Crop Biotechnology Center, Texas A+M)
2. Exogenous elicitors besides the oligopeptide, Pep-13 mentioned above include chitin fragments, arachidonic acids and other components of the cell wall or cell membrane.
3. As the plant cell itself is being digested it gives off endogenous elicitors including pectic fragments....
4. As mentioned above change in cellular redox potential due to changes in H+/ Ca++/K+ can themselves act as signals to surrounding cells/ tissues that the plant is under attack...
5. As the plant produces defense related proteins ( these are specific proteins produced by plants when attacked; they role is not completely understood at this time... some are produced in the vacuole and other intracellularly; they have known microbial inhibition properties and may be proteinase inhibitors or proteinases and build up with infections immunity defense system; they may act additively or in synergy to enhance disease resistance or interact with other factors for disease resistance) and other metabolites
Tucked away in a nondescript office park near Bothell, Wash., Eden Bioscience is growing a high-tech field of dreams amid the rows of tobacco, strawberry and tomato plants in its greenhouse laboratory.
Working with researchers at Cornell University, the company has pioneered an all-natural plant stimulant known as "Messenger" that delivers a triple benefit to food growers: It boosts the growth of a variety of crops. It helps block a number of common plant diseases. And it helps plants repel insects and nematodes.
Scientists have found that plants have a much greater capacity to ward off illnesses and bugs than previously thought. What's needed is a catalyst to unleash that extra fighting power.
Messenger does not alter the genetic makeup of the plants. Rather, using a naturally occurring protein as its active ingredient, Messenger acts as a health supplement. Eden calls it a plant "vaccine.
With Messenger's help, said Eden President and Chief Executive Officer Jerry Butler, "You're turning the right things on. Messenger is the first product for Eden, a privately held company that became one of the few agricultural biotech companies in the Northwest when it formed five years ago.
The Environmental Protection Agency is reviewing Messenger and is expected to approve it later this year or early next year.If the EPA gives the green light, Messenger could be used not only on tomato, tobacco and strawberry crops but also on wheat, cotton, soybeans and two dozen other crops. There are no sales projections for Messenger. But the total market for pest- and weed-fighting crop products worldwide is more than $18 billion.
But winning approval from the EPA is just half of Eden's battle. The company also must convince farmers that Messenger is better than anything already on the market. No other company is believed to have a natural crop treatment in development that does everything Messenger's harpin protein can do. There are chemical-based products on the horizon, however, that could pose competition.
"The farmers of the world are among the most difficult sells to make," Eden Chief Financial Officer Brad Powell said, noting growers are bombarded with so-called miracle crop-enhancement products that may or may not work in their own fields. "That's why we've taken a `We'll show you' approach to marketing," he said.
Eden has done about 300 field trials using Messenger on vegetable, fruit and other crops in the Southeastern, Midwestern and Western United States, as well as Mexico and China. The company has permission to treat up to 5,000 acres for demonstrations and tests. Field trials on crops in China have resulted in yield increases of 30 percent to 40 percent, Butler said. In the United States, where crop-management techniques are far more advanced, there have been yield improvements of 15 percent to 20 percent in many cases.
However, Butler is the first to say that Messenger is no magical plant elixir. It doesn't cure plant diseases. It
doesn't kill germs and insects. It simply helps plants resist attack and infection while stimulating growth. The company intends Messenger to be used in combination with standard chemicals for the best results. The active ingredient in Messenger is a protein called harpin, found in bacteria that cause the pear and apple disease fire blight.The scientists discovered that plants are hypersensitive to a form of the protein that apparently triggers the plants' defenses, a reaction that usually occurs within five minutes.
And as a bonus, researchers at Cornell were amazed to find, harpin makes plants grow faster and larger and discourages insects from living on a plant's surface. "It was a surprise and still is a mystery," Wei said. "It still is unknown how that happens."
Eden has cloned the harpin gene and mass produces the protein in fermentation tanks at its headquarters in Bothell. The protein is dried, then mixed with starch to produce Messenger. Two grams of harpin, which when combined with the starch fits into a freezer-bag-sized pouch, can be mixed with water to spray one acre of crops. It leaves no detectable residue, and the protein itself decomposes almost immediately after the application. There are no known harmful side effects to the plants, soil or animals that consume products from treated crops.
In scientific terms, Messenger's effect is systemic. Once it's sprayed on the exposed part of a plant, the Messenger protein activates an immune and growth response in every section of the plant, from root to stem to leaf. "It goes a little into overdrive," Wright says of the plant treated with harpin.
He sees Messenger, if it's priced right, as a potentially good thing for U.S. farmers at a time when crop prices are sagging. Messenger could reduce the need for other chemical-based crop treatments, such as pesticides, thereby cutting overall production costs.
In a sense, agriculture is entering its own brave new world. Since the mid-1990s, the agricultural biotech industry has exploded, with a number of small companies popping up to develop healthier crops that produce larger and better quality yields. Seed and crop-protection companies are currently spending about $900 million on research into biotechnology-based products, said Ken Moonie, a consultant with Verdant Partners, an investment banking firm that specializes in seed and plant biotechnology. That's up from about $150 million.
Source: The Seattle Times
Knight Ridder/Tribune Business News
III. How do fungi and other microbes protect themselves from their host's defense system?
A. some may produce enzymes which inactivate phytoalexins. The abstract below indicates possible pathways to resistance by fungi towards plant defense systems.....Phytoalexin Detoxification Genes and Gene Products: Implications for the Evolution of Host Specific Traits for Pathogenicity
H.D. VanEtten, Department of Plant Pathology
Production of phytoalexins by plants is believed to function as a mechanism of disease resistance. Many fungal pea pathogens have the ability to detoxify the pea phytoalexin pisatin via demethylation. This detoxification may be a means to circumvent a phytoalexin-based resistance mechanism. The detoxifying enzyme, pisatin demethylase, has been studied most thoroughly in Nectria haematococca. We have completed an examination of the induction of pisatin demethylating activity in whole cells and the biochemical properties of pisatin demethylase in microsomal preparations from the pea pathogens Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. pisi, Mycosphaerella pinodes, and Ascochyta pisi and compared these properties to those of the enzyme produced by N. haematococca. All of the enzymes are cytochrome P450s, based on cofactor requirements, and their inhibition by carbon monoxide, cytochrome P450 inhibitors and antibodies to NADPH cytochrome P450 reductase. In addition, all of the enzymes were selectively induced by pisatin, had a low Km on pisatin and a high degree of specificity towards pisatin as a substrate suggesting the presence in each pathogen of a specific cytochrome P450 for detoxifying pisatin. However, since the pisatin demethylases differed in their pattern of sensitivity to P450 inhibitors and displayed other minor biochemical differences, these fungi may have independently evolved specific cytochrome P450s to detoxify the phytoalexin produced by a common host.
Ralph L. Nicholson: We are using the conidial mucilage of Colletotrichum graminicola as a model system. The mucilage acts as an antidesiccant and maintains spore viability during periods of dryness. It also contains several enzymes and proline-rich proteins that function as protectants against plant phenolics. This system is providing a tool for understanding the basis of survival as well as factors essential to virulence of the pathogen such as the process of adhesion.
B.Virulent fungal strains suppress hosts ability to produce phytoalexin in the first place
C. Produce compounds such as oxalic acid which chelates Ca++. Calcium may be critical for the ion fluxing reaction involved in the first series of defense reactions ( see above) or many other critical metabolic pathways.Go on to the next page how plant use these compounds to compete with one another or to more on medicinal botany or return to the original defense page.....


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The Lib Dem Parliamentary Party Committee for Education has published a new report on supporting teachers' professional development.
Lord Story, co-chair of the Committee and former Headteacher, who led the report said:
The Liberal Democrat ambition to realise the potential of every child has been at the forefront of Coalition education policy. Working in Government, we have delivered on our leading policies of the Pupil Premium, Free School Meals and free Early Years Education. Now, we are calling for a radical overhaul of continuing professional development for teachers.
Last year, the Liberal Democrat Education, Families and Young People Parliamentary Party Committee, which I co-chair, asked me to lead a working group to investigate why there is no nationally-agreed system or structure for continuing professional development for teachers, and what might be done to develop one. Today, we publish our findings here.
We heard evidence from the Teacher Development Trust, the Education Endowment Foundation, from teachers' unions, those in teacher education and from teachers themselves. Everything we heard suggests that teachers very much want to be part of a culture of life-long learning and continuous improvement. They want time to develop their pedagogy, subject specialism and expand their knowledge and skills. In short, teachers enjoy learning and want the opportunity to learn more.
As a long-serving former Headteacher, I find it quite extraordinary that qualified teachers working in state-funded schools remain under no obligation to undertake further training or development during a career that may well last thirty to forty years. Clearly, most teachers choose to go on courses, and all have to sit through training sessions organised in school; but there is no nationally agreed system, and no structure.
Our report calls for every teacher to be able to build an Individual Professional Portfolio and be given a personal budget allocation to fund their learning needs. Alongside our policy for all teachers working in state-funded schools to have or be working towards qualified teacher status, we also want the National Professional Qualification for Headteachers to become mandatory once again.
Above all, we want the teaching profession to take charge of its own development. A national framework for teacher learning, research and appropriate accreditation should be led by the profession, not centrally by government. Building this national framework could be one of first tasks and major achievements of a Royal College of Teaching.
Teacher ownership over continuing professional development is a crucial first step in raising the status of the teaching profession. A licensing system may be the next step, but this should grow organically by first giving teachers autonomy over their profession. Only then will teachers and learners be leading our education system, rather than politicians.


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A collection of scholarly works about individual liberty and free markets. A project of Liberty Fund, Inc.
The Origins of Contemporary France, in 6 volumes (1878-1893). https://oll.libertyfund.org/titles/2728,
Hippolyte Taine's 5 part history of modern France, The Origins of Contemporary France, in 6 volumes. They are The Old Regime (1875); The Revolution, vol. 1 Anarchy (1878); The Revolution, vol. 2 The Jacobin Conquest (1881); The Revolution, vol. 3 The Revolutionary Government (1883); and The Modern Regime, in 2 volumes (1890-93).
The copyright to this edition, in both print and electronic forms, is held by Liberty Fund, Inc.
This material is put online to further the educational goals of Liberty Fund, Inc. Unless otherwise stated in the Copyright Information section above, this material may be used freely for educational and academic purposes. It may not be used in any way for profit.


text:
Sponsored By
Argument Leads To Stabbing In WarrenA Detroit man is recovering and a Madison Heights man is facing charges after an argument took a violent, bloody turn.
Man Charged In Shooting Over Family FeudA Warren man is facing charges, including attempted murder, after an argument between two families erupted in gunfire earlier this week.
Snowmobiler Runs Down Ice Fisherman After ArgumentAuthorities in Michigan's Upper Peninsula say a snowmobiler ran down and injured an ice fisherman following an argument on a frozen bay.
Is Debate Team For Your Student?Debates follow a format that starts with a topic. One team will take a position in favor and the other team will take the opposite position.
Early Morning Argument Turns Deadly In DetroitEarly morning gunfire on Detroit's northeast side leaves one person dead and two others wounded.
Argument Over Pot Leads To StabbingAn argument over marijuana leaves a 25-year-old man with multiple stab wounds.
Neighborhood Dispute Escalates Into ShootingTwo neighbors get into a dispute over the property line and ends with one going to the hospital suffering from a gunshot wound to the buttocks.
Child Shot, Killed In Flint Following Argument
Missing Girl Found Safe In Romulus


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Engineeting and Manufacturing
Automation And Robotics
Information Technology
Artificial Intelligence
MMS:-maintenance management system. Capturing live data from different controller. And analyze the records. This system is used for reduce the maintenance time and increase the performance and OEE.
Using this system we can calculate the total downtime, Availability, performance, OEE (Overall Equipment Effectiveness).
We can easily observe the daily downtime alarm. Working on daily down time alarm we can reduce the daily down time and increase the performance.
In given application we can easily observed major and minor downtime alarm
Maximize Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE), Quick response to deviations.From standard operating conditions to minimize revenue loss and ensure effective use Of skilled man-power.
Less cost to manage & maintain these assets.
Continuous monitoring of remote plant assets for real time information on
Continuous tracking of critical process parameters that help:
Automatic and manual data like rejection, Production Target, Shift scheduler etc.Collection
DVS Configured energy meters with Machine and Record data on Server such as Voltage, Current and Frequency Consumed by machine per Component
Create a special DVS_Network with the help of switches and routers for communication with PLC controller and server. Communication used special interface created by DVS_software. Without disturbing existing network, create our own network.


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What a coincidence, another person tied to the crooked Clintons is dead of an apparent suicide. It's just crazy how that keep happening, huh? Amazing.
Republican operative Peter W. Smith has "committed suicide" at the age of eighty-one just days after he spoke with The Wall Street Journal about a Clinton investigation. In the interview, he revealed that he had attempted to recover he 30k+ emails of Hillary Clinton that went missing.
According to police though, he took his life due to his failing health. I don't believe in coincidence though. There might as well have been a note next to the body stating, " I was not killed by Hillary Clinton" signed by Podesta.
The Chicago Tribune reports:
Trending: Saturday Night Live Dings Obama – "Ebola Probably One of My Greatest Accomplishments!"
In mid-May, in a room at a Rochester hotel used almost exclusively by Mayo Clinic patients and relatives, Peter W. Smith, 81, left a carefully prepared file of documents, including a statement police called a suicide note in which he said he was in ill health and a life insurance policy was expiring.
Days earlier, the financier from suburban Lake Forest gave an interview to the Journal about his quest, and it began publishing stories about his efforts in late June. The Journal also reported it had seen emails written by Smith showing his team considered retired Lt. Gen. Michael Flynn, then a top adviser to Republican Donald Trump's campaign, an ally. Flynn briefly was President Trump's national security adviser and resigned after it was determined he had failed to disclose contacts with Russia.
Originally, the reports read that he died of natural causes. It wasn't until Thursday that the details surfaced, revealing his death to be a suicide. He was reported to have been "found with a bag over his head with a source of helium attached," the paper reports.
Daily Wire reports:
Both a medical examiner's report and evidence found by police confirm the finding. Police found a suicide note in which Smith underscored that "NO FOUL PLAY WHATSOEVER" led to his death; rather, a "RECENT BAD TURN IN HEALTH SINCE JANUARY, 2017" along with an expiring $5 million life insurance policy had prompted him to take his own life.
"He had been staying at the hotel for several days and had extended his stay at least once but was expected to check out on the day his body was found," the Tribune reports. According to police, Smith told a hotel worker, "Tomorrow is my last day," while working at the hotel's business center.
In his talks with the Journal, Smith said he had organized a team to try to track down the thousands of emails deleted by Clinton, which he believed to be in the possession of Russian hackers. He had performed similar oppo research on Democrats in the past, including on "Troopergate," which targeted Clinton's husband. Smith stressed that he was working on his own volition, not at the behest of the Trump campaign.
So, before you go believing the mainstream media, look at the facts. Don't blindly believe that it was a suicide because that's what we were told.
The views expressed in this opinion article are solely those of their author and are not necessarily either shared or endorsed by EagleRising.com


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I knew I would like this series the moment I saw the cover photo on Crunchyroll. What I didn't expect was how incredible the world is and just how all kinds of fucked up the series gets towards the end.
I've seen art of Amy here and there along my internet journey, so when she popped up on the cover of Gargantia when I was flipping through Crunchyroll's entire library, I had to turn it on and see what I'd be getting into. Admittedly it starts out way off from what it turns out to be, you're in the depths of space with Ledo and his Gundam-like AI battle armor Chamber fighting these crazy giant alien…things called the Hideauze. During the battle, Ledo fails to catch up with his retreating unit and falls into a warphole as the ships are warping out of that area of space.
When Ledo awakens he finds himself on a water world where few ships are the only things left that humans have as living space. Entire communities are a number of ships merged together. After a rough introduction, he begins to work with the people on the ship, most specifically Amy, the first person he comes into contact with. He also touches her butt at one point, which she mentions the first time she's asked about him. He slowly learns English, while Chamber is translating what he doesn't know. During this time, Chamber comes to the conclusion that this water planet is actually Earth many, many years after a doomsday event that caused the human race to flee the planet when an Ice Age was loaming and the potential of the entire planet being flooded was far too high to ignore.
As time goes on, they fight pirates and cause massive disturbance between Ledo and the people of the ship as they are a peaceful people and he just kills without thought, like a brainwashed soldier would, the killswitch is on. It becomes really interesting though when you get to the second half of the series.
I will attempt to be as vague as possible talking about the second half of the series. Essentially there are two major pieces of the story that get really crazy towards the end. The first features the return of a familiar face to Ledo and while on the surface it seems like something went horribly wrong, you come to find that horribly wrong is nowhere near just how bad things got. The second is far more fucked up. Again, without spoiling anything, you learn what the origins of the Hideauze are and it ties up a lot of loose ends left in the show, however what the answer to those questions were is a lot more horrifying and just downright disturbing when you realize what had been going on all along. What you see from the Hideauze in Episode 1 is nowhere remotely close to what you see from them by the end of Gargantia.
The characters of the series aren't as memorable as other series, but they do balance everything out. Amy is the standalone in the series, but others have their moments. Ridget is the calm, cool and collected authority figure on the ship, the one who plays the serious role of the show. Pinion is the dumbass, greedy, sarcastic guy who constantly gets himself and the cast into trouble with various people. And Bellows is a semi-badass tomboy who ends up being the one that isn't Ledo who acts as the protective one of the show. There are other characters, but none of them really offer much other than being on the side.
The most peculiar thing that I noticed about the show is that not every character is designed to be the archetypical perfectly slim girl with perfect tits and perfect ass. The swimsuit episode of the show is one of the most memorable moments for me not because it's seeing girls like Amy and the rest in bikinis, it's because they design them all to look like normal women in it. You look at all the characters, all of them aren't twigs, they have a little fat to them, more curves. Even Amy (right), who as the female lead is usually designed to be perfect, looks like she has a little extra to her waist and hips and there's not a damn thing wrong with it, she's still absolutely gorgeous. Ridget (while her swimwear is quite revealing) is designed like an average middle-aged woman, she carries a bit of extra weight with her, but she's very elegant, beautiful. Bellows is harder to tell, but I think she's got a little extra fat as well, but given how in shape she has to be for what she does, she's still pretty slim. It's also arguable she's designed to be the sexy one of the series, so there's that. But they all aren't perfect like anime girls generally are and they even talk about dropping a couple pounds during the series, which while it's not necessary for them to do that, they're all very beautiful, it's a common thing/issue girls will talk to each other about. It comes off very realistic.
Gargantia has ended up being one of my favourite overall shows, not just the one I enjoy watching the most over and over, which is slightly different to me. It's a show that has a very beautifully designed universe and characters, while some of them could've had a little more personality. The story itself is full of interesting situations and the reveals near the end are "Holy Shit!" worthy moments for me. Seriously, the Hideauze reveal made me go "Oh fuck…" when I watched it.
If you're into sci-fi, this is a must watch in my opinion. If you're on the fence about it, if you're into crazy mech battles, you won't get a huge amount of it. A lot of the series is Ledo adapting to an essentially tech-less world, it's very much like the industrial revolution on ships with salvaged tech like diving mechs from Earth before the flood. The story is fantastic and well worth your time. Check it out!


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Microbiome Support
Microbiome Support by Equi-Force stabilizes the equine colon through added butyric acid. Butyric acid has a positive impact on insulin resistance as well as hindgut microbial population health, thereby helping with "Fecal Water Syndrome" (also referred to as "Fecal Liquid").
All sizes with Free Shipping in Continental U.S. (via USPS or FedEx) *----
Microbiome Support offers Sodium Butyrate
Butyrate is a short chain fatty acid naturally derived from fiber fermentation in the intestine of the horse. However, like glutamine, during times of stress adding additional butyrate to the diet can help to maintain a healthy intestinal lining. Supplemental Sodium Butyrate has been shown to help prevent, inflammatory bowel disease, ulcerative colitis and diarrhea. It is also beneficial in the following areas:
- Stimulate digestive enzyme production
- Enhance development of intestinal villi increasing surface area which improves feed utilization
- Helps alleviate "Fecal Liquid"
- Reduce acute inflammatory response of the gut lining
- Serve as major energy source for colon cells
- Improve insulin sensitivity
- Inhibit cancer cell growth and the secretion of host defense peptides
- Affect and prevent the colonization of Salmonella and Campylobacter
- Positively influence the composition of the gut microbiota
Feeding Directions
Feed one scoop twice daily in feed. Can be dosed orally in oil if needed.
2 pounds is 60 day supply for 1000 pound horse.
Sizing, Price and Serving Details
- 2 lbs $67.40 (60 servings)
- SAVE and buy Two 2 lb containers $122.95 (120 servings)
- More than one horse? SAVE the MOST -- 15 lb container $307.95 (450 servings)
Shipping Information
*Microbiome Support is shipped via USPS or FedEx within 2 days of your order. Please provide an appropriate shipping address for either one. Free Shipping is within the continental U.S. Shipping to Alaska and Hawaii will be charged separately. Please email email@example.com or call 940-272-0001 for exact shipping charges prior to ordering for these locations. Sorry, no international orders at this time.
Interested in Auto-Ship?
Send Getty Equine Nutrition an email at firstname.lastname@example.com or call 940-272-0001.


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|My Account Tip Center Report
|VIN Number :
|Make :
|Model :
|Accord LX
|Year :
|License Plate :
|Exterior Color :
|Light Blue
|Interior Color :
|Transmission :
|Doors :
|Engine Cylinders :
|Additional Info :
|Black tinted windows.
Send an anonymous message to the owner if you have any information regarding their stolen property by clicking the button below.Submit a Tip
If you recieve information about your Stolen Honda Accord LX, you should contact local authorities immediately.
Do not attempt to recover your Stolen Honda Accord LX personally.
If you would like to report a Stolen Honda Accord LX on stolen-property.com, you can do so by clicking the link. Stolen-Property.com is not a government agency. If you wish to report a Honda Accord LX theft to law enforcement, you need contact your local law enforcement agency.
All Stolen Honda Accord LXs can be viewed in the stolen property database.


text:
Theorising the Project: A Thematic Approach to Architectural Design
Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing 2011 Author: Michael Tawa
ISBN: 9781443832960 Format: Hardback, 288pp, 213mm x 160mm x 28mm
Theorising the Project aims to explore a thematic approach to architectural design. It conceptualises the design process in a general sense through seven key phases: developing a thematic framework and a line of inquiry to situate the project; investigating the project brief and mapping the project site to unravel potential themes and questions; situating technology as a formative condition for design; analysing precedents from the arts, literature and architecture to elaborate implications for design and considering representation as equally constitutive of the design undertaking. In doing so, Michael Tawa engages with theoretical material by Giorgio Agamben, Gilles Deleuze, Martin Heidegger, Francois Jullien, Manuel De Landa and Jean-Luc Nancy.
Illustrated with drawings and photographs by Tawa, Theorising the Project will be of interest to practitioners and students of art, design and the built environment who wish to expand the foundational premises for design, widen the creative scope of their practice, and exploit the thematic and metaphorical capacities of their project work.


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Since BlueFur is only 200 customers short of reaching their goal of 2000 hosting customers sign-ups for 2007, the're launching a Holiday Managed Blog Hosting Blow-Out.
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BlueFur's managed blog hosting cost a bit more than their standard hosting, but includes setup of the latest version of WordPress, help with installation of any plug-ins and coordinate all future upgrades with you.
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Canadian web hosting provider Monster Hosting was recently forced to change name by another large corporation with the name "Monster" in their trademark.
The case was settled out of court and as part of the agreement MonsterHosting.ca cannot reveal which company made the trademark infringement allegations, but it's a reasonable assumption that the allegations came from Network Solutions owned MonsterHosting.com.
BlueFur was chosen as the new brand after the company's blue signature mascot.
BlueFur continues to provide its more than 5000 clients with web hosting, domain name registrations and other web development services under the new Bluefur.com brand name.
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Fronius inverters for a stable and regional power supply in the MicroGrid
MicroGrids in remote regions are often supplied by inverter chargers (inverters with batteries). Photovoltaic systems with Fronius inverters can easily be integrated into MicroGrids. They have a special MicroGrid setup for this purpose with various functions to ensure stable grid operation. The inverter provides the MicroGrid with as much energy as possible. The operator can tailor all the functions to achieve a perfectly coordinated setup of the photovoltaic system and inverter charger. Protection settings can be configured without restriction in the MicroGrid setup.
These inverter chargers have been tested for use with Fronius inverters:
- Victron MultiPlus
- Victron Quattro
- Any inverter charger that supports frequency shifting.
MicroGrid system with PV
MicroGrid system with PV
The sun's energy is absorbed by the solar modules in the form of direct current.
The inverter converts the direct current into the alternating current used as standard in the home and supplies the MicroGrid with as much PV energy as possible.
The surplus PV energy is stored in a battery.
Diesel generators can also be integrated as a backup energy supply.


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Making America horny again! Porn actress Stormy Daniels performed in front of sparse crowd at a strip club in Long Island (March 2017). Recall that the 39-year-old Stephanie Gregory Clifford aka Stormy Daniels has been linked to The Teflon Don in 2006.
25 thoughts on "Stormy Daniels Makes Money As She Can (38 Photos)"
Fuck Skanky Daniels and all Hillary supporting left wing degenerate sexually confused mentally retarded welfare collecting useless sacks of shit.
Vlad Putin
Yuck Only a nasty senile geriatric fuck like Trump would pay for that.↓
Those poor viewers. Of all the porn stars, Trump picks this slag.↓
Yip. This person just radiates integrity. So do ya'll think she's gonna push for her own TV show or book deal first?↓
some things you just can't unsee…….↓
just kiddeng
if i were her i'd take the money and leak the scandal proof but honestly i dunno what kinda womaniser i am if i ever solicit her service↓
Clinton 2099
So who's taking bets she's found dead of a "drug overdose" in the next year or two? Either that or some drug charges or fraud will be found on her. Whatever happens she fucked up taking on trump and more importantly the people behind. Them fuckers will kill you.↓
Fuk U.
Sadly nothing is going to happen to this lying hoe only that she'll be condemned to pay a big compensation to Donald Trump.↓
Body count with some plastic added in for good measure
Lord knows the Clinton body count is right up there. Maybe she can do some lesbo action with maitland cow and they can take the pair out in a two-for deal.↓
I think that's Tera Patrick!!!↓
Jyoti Sroa
Poor Trump, I'd feel bad for anyone who smashed that ugly whore↓
"The Teflon Don," of course, was the nickname for John Gotti, the infamous NYC Mafia boss:↓
what are psylocke doing there and why is stormy trying to eat psylocke pussy=?↓
That money trump gave her,she should have went and got minor ass implants because she is fucking flat as a pancake↓
A wild Tera Patrick appears!↓
She takes it up the ass for money. Other than that, she seems completely credible.↓
looks like Ivanka↓
You got low standards
Nope making Nobody horny. She's ugly as fuck with a mans jaw↓
Sorry but I think that's retired porn star Tera Patrick↓
MILF+Touched By Trump=Poison↓
Trump's like…. i fucked that.↓
She goes fully naked in that video↓


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The news is out, Apple's iPad will compete with e-Readers, portable game devices, and it will create a whole new category of portable video players.
The good news for content creators is the fact that it'll sell for $499.
While $199 is the price where gadgets like VHS players, DVD players and even CD players and iPods have been adopted by the mainstream, the iPad's price tag is still shockingly low, considering that it's effectively computer.
The fact that the iPad is affordable means it'll be adopted fast, which bodes well for the media companies whose content it will sell. Apple announced a propriety book store, iBooks, which can be purchased for the device, as well as five major book partners — HarperCollins, Hachette Book Group, Penguin, Macmillan and Simon & Shuster.
The iPad is also teaming up with game companies — the fact that the first iPad demo was a video game speaks to how important the iPad will be as a new platform. Electronic Arts, which already offers a number of games through iPhone, will look to expand its presence on the iPad. This new model is good for game makers, but tough for the likes of Microsoft, Sony and Nintendo that make gaming consoles. The more elaborate the gaming options on the iPad, the less game makers like EA and Activision/Blizzard will have to rely on the console makers to drive sales.
And then there's the fact that the iPad is a gorgeous new device for watching video. Disney CEO Bob Iger put it best, telling my colleague Jim Goldmanthat people are going to want to watch video on this device, which means more people will consume Disney content — whether it's ESPN sporting events, Disney Digital Books, or movies and TV shows through iTunes.
This could be a key device to get consumers accustomed to *paying* for digital access to content. As media giants look for new digital revenues to compensate for declines in traditional businesses, digital revenues will be key. People are used to getting content for free online. Maybe they'll pay for subscriptions on the new iPad. And the cheaper the device gets, the more people will buy it, and the more content companies like Disney will be able to sell.
Here's Iger's full quote:
"We're always excited about new technologies that offer an intuitive consumer experience with greater accessibility to the content people want. The iPad is a great new device that opens up tremendous growth opportunities for us and other content providers. When people have a great experience, they consume more of the content they like, whether it be sports, books, games, TV or movies, and they are willing to pay to do so."
Questions? Comments? firstname.lastname@example.com


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It can be tempting to neglect or to give less thought to some of the less prevalent parts and pieces in the overall ecosystem of a vehicle — things like hoses and fittings, and to be more specific, the ever-important seals housed inside of said fittings. Such items, which are often never even seen by the end-user, fall squarely into the out-of-sight, out-of-mind category. But, as any seasoned car enthusiast or racer can attest, it's rarely the big-ticket items that leave you stranded or out of luck in the burnout box, but rather, it's those cheap $2 components that didn't get the attention they deserved.
Fortunately, today's highly-engineered fittings and internal seals require very little in the way of maintenance to keep them operational over the long haul … that is, if you choose the proper product at the outset.
Through our various project builds in the Power Automedia shop, we've championed the quality and craftsmanship of Jiffy-tite's sleek quick-disconnect fittings, which have been designed with ease-of-use and assembly in mind, with non-spill connectivity that doesn't require the use of any tools. But it's the seals inside, the unsung heroes, if you will, that ensure the leak-free longevity of their fittings. Jiffy-tite has gone to extensive lengths to develop seals that will get the job done and live up to their standards, and so long as you pair the correct seal with the fuel or the fluid at hand, they'll keep on delivering mile after mile, pass after pass.
Jiffy-tite's lineup includes three different seals: a Fluorocarbon FKM, a Nitrile, and an Ethylene Propylene compatible seal.
- Fluorocarbon FKM (a fluoroelastomer rubber that contains vinylidene fluoride) plays well with a wide range of fluids, including oil, water, pump gas fuel, transmission fluid, E85 and diesel fuel.
- Nitrile NBR (nitrile-butadiene rubber), which is an oil-resistant synthetic rubber made from from a copolymer of acrylonitrile and butadiene, is intended for use with methanol and oxygenated fuels, like VP's Q16
- Ethylene Propylene (EPDM), which works best with nitromethane, methanol, and ethanol (Ethyl Alcohol), as well as brake fluid
From a visual perspective, you determine what seal you have by looking down the female socket fitting and noting the color of the seal. – Ryan Zillig, Jiffy-tite
In some cases, you won't be able to identify the seals due to their positioning inside of a given fitting. Fortunately, Jiffy-tite has correlated part numbers on their fittings to a given seal, which will indicate which one is housed inside. By simply calling their tech support line, they can match a part number to a seal. As an example, part 22404 will use a Fluorocarbon (FKM) seal, 22404B will use a Nitrile (NBR) seal, and 22404F will use a Ethylene Propylene (EPDM) seal.
"From a visual perspective, you determine what seal you have by looking down the female socket fitting and noting the color of the seal. You can compare this to our seal compatibility chart on our website and catalog. The olive green color is the Fluorocarbon (FKM) seal, the aqua marine blue is the Nitrile (NBR) seal, and the black is the Ethylene Propylene (EPDM) seal," explains Jiffy-tite's Ryan Zillig.
Using the wrong seal, as you might imagine, has some ramifications. The biggest concern, as Zillig points out, is that the seal will swell when it comes in contact with an incompatible fluid, causing it to degrade over a period of time — especially when connected and disconnected. Once the seal is damaged, it can cause the fitting to become increasingly difficult to connect or engage, resulting in unwanted leaks. For racers in particular, fluid leaks can be not only a pain, but dangerous in the right situation. And as Zillig points out, the timeframe in which the negative effects of using the wrong seal will surface can vary.
"From a time standpoint, it can happen in one or two runs, sometimes it can occur over time. It just depends on the application and what fluids have been used with what seal. When the seal swells, it starts to go into the valve body, so then when you connect and disconnect, it chips away at it, and once that happens, the fluid gets into the seal and expands it. The worst case is that the fitting will leak.
When using the appropriate Jiffy-tite fitting for an application, the seal should last as long as the fitting. – Ryan Zillig, Jiffy-tite
You might be wondering what the lifespan is of a seal; with as many as three seals per fitting (the face seal, a seal on the valve, and an adapter, with the exception of a plug, which will only have two) or hose end, that's a lot of rubber to worry about maintaining and ensuring the quality of over a period of years.
"When using the appropriate Jiffy-tite fitting for an application, the seal should last as long as the fitting," Zillig explains. "One of the first signs to indicate that a fitting is damaged is that it will become increasingly difficult to connect and disconnect. You can look down the female socket and visually inspect the seal. If you see debris or that the seal is seated incorrectly, contact us and we'll help identify the problem."
While Jiffy-tite's fittings and the seals housed within are largely maintenance-free, Zillig points out a couple key things that end users can do to maintain the longevity of their seals. First and foremost is using the correct seals for a given fluid from the beginning; and secondly, when connecting or disconnecting the fittings, always ensure the socket and plug have been properly mated by pulling back on one side of the fitting after installation.
Due to the design and special tooling needed to disassemble their fittings, Jiffy-tite's seals are not user-replaceable, so whether buying firsthand or secondhand, it's best to ensure you buy what you need the first time. If you do, however, accidentally damage a seal or need to change them out because you're switching fuels, Jiffy-tite can replace them for a small fee and get them back to you promptly.
"We use specific tools, fixtures, and processes to install the seals and seat the valves. Additionally, we leak test the fittings to ensure they will perform to our standards, Zillig explains.
For any compatibility or ordering questions, or to help identify the seals inside your fittings, hose ends, or plugs, Zillig advises reaching out to Jiffy-tite's customer service department. And, as always, do your due diligence with your fittings and hoses … if you do, your Jiffy-tite fittings will reward you with years of problem-free service.


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Schticky is among the newest cleaning tools available today. This product is designed to clean almost all kinds of surfaces. This is a roller cleaner that allows quick removal of lint, hair and dust. Gone are the days of paper-based lint rollers. This reusable roller provides convenience and economy with every use. Click here for the Schticky discount offer from the makers of the product.
The Schticky TV Commercial
The product commercial claims that Schticky can be used to clean up almost all sorts of messes. It can remove dirt on floors, carpets, sofas and clothes. It comes in different sizes, but they all share the same purpose. The commercial even shows that this cleaner roller can make small coins stick to it. There is no need to pick them up one by one. All it takes is to roll it over the mess. Schticky is washable, and it comes with a ten year guarantee.
This product comes in a set of three. Each size can be used in many different applications. This new tool is designed using the same cleaning concept as paper-based cleaner rollers. The only difference is that it can be reused, and it can last for a long time. What makes this product an environmentally friendly cleaning tool is that it does not utilize paper from trees.
It is made with special silicone that becomes sticky when dry and slippery when wet. This feature allows dirt to stick to it. It can be rinsed with water, and it is good for use again. Users can save as much as $100 in a year using this cleaning tool instead of paper-based rollers. It effectively cleans different surfaces like fabric, velvet and wool.
Different Uses of Schticky
- In the Kitchen
The kitchen is often the messiest part of the house. Spills on the floor, sink, table and counter tops are inevitable during food preparation. People often drop things like cereals, spices, crumbs, herbs and other ingredients. Wiping it with a cloth may make the situation worse. It can make dirt spread to other areas or fall onto the floor. Traditional cleaning takes a lot of time. Fortunately, messes can be removed in just a roll with this cleaner roller.
- Pet Hair
Schticky is great for pet owners. Pet hair is difficult to remove once it sticks. This is especially true when it gets on fabric or textiles. With this roller cleaner, getting rid of pet hair only takes a few seconds. Pets love to roll on the floor, lie on the sofa and cuddle with their owners. Rolling gets rid of the pet hair regardless of the surface it gets on.
- Carpets
It is quite difficult to clean the carpet. Owners usually only know that their carpets need cleaning when they start to sneeze frequently. With Schticky, homeowners no longer have to guess whether the carpet needs cleaning. Owners do not have to hire cleaning professionals. The big roller can easily clean carpets. It clears the way first and makes the debris stick to it. No matter what kind of carpet people have, these rollers can effectively clean it.
- Clothes
Schticky comes with a portable sized cleaner. This can easily be carried anywhere all the time. It can efficiently remove food crumbs on clothes, hair, fibers and even embarrassing dandruff. It works just like the bigger rollers. Now, there is no need to change clothes all the time. With a few strokes, clothes look clean and new again.
Schticky Complaints and Solutions
Aside from the various news outlets publishing comical stories about the commercial, like Perez Hilton and Business Insider, we also found some helpful reviews by searching around online.
Many reviews point out that the commercial shows that it takes about three seconds to rinse the tool. Some people find this unbelievable. Actually, there are some factors that affect the time it takes to rinse the roller. First is the kind of dirt that sticks to it. Certain kinds of dirt and debris can stick to the silicone, and it is a bit hard to wash it all away. When this happens, owners should use their hands to aid in cleaning the roller.
Another factor is the pressure of the water used to clean the roller. The stronger the pressure used, the faster it is to remove the dirt and debris that sticks to the tool. This is a very basic concept that all professional cleaning companies utilize. With higher water pressure, the silicone roller can be cleaned much more quickly.
One review said that this cleaning tool did not work on their third use and made their sofas wet. This problem is actually very easy to deal with. It is important to follow proper cleaning procedures to save stickiness. The product claims that it is slippery when wet and gets sticky when dry. This simply means that rinsing is the only way to clean it.
After rinsing with water, the silicone becomes wet and slippery. When it is wet, it cannot make dirt and lint stick to it. This means it has to be dried in order to be used again. By simply drying it with a clean towel, the stickiness feature will be as good as new. Users should try doing this before they start using the product again. They should bear in mind that the sticky feature only works when the silicone is dry.
Reasons to Buy Schticky
- This product is more affordable than buying separate brooms, vacuum cleaners and paper-based rollers.
- It is an environmentally friendly product. Because it is not paper-based, no trees are cut down when making this product. In addition, it is not disposable. This means that these products do not contribute to the worsening situation in landfills.
- It can be used with different surfaces. All three tools in the set can be used in various applications. They are not only great for home use. They can also be carried along in the car. The smallest one will fit in a bag.
- It helps save time and effort. Users do not have to use both a broom and a vacuum to clean a single mess.
- It is economical and practical. Homeowners can use Schticky rather than hiring pros to clean messes on the carpet. This means more savings.


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I can't produce a better pattern when being limited to 720p (and I am).It's the closest thing I can get to the real thing, faking the placement of the RGB diodes (or whatever they're called).Here's another rendering with glow-blur set to 60 and 80 and no gamma change from the original recording.http://www.dewfall.dk/Bombjack-glowblur60.mp4http://www.dewfall.dk/Bombjack-glowblur80.mp4Applying the PNG file with semi transparent black lines obviously makes the whole picture a bit darker. Then adding the glow-filter (because diodes glow) brightens it back up. Some colour is changed in this process.The question is, what do we prefer then? I'm thinking this project will represent the CPC in some way. How do we want to present it?
I really like the Blur 60 ine a lot. It keeps the colours bright and vivid as CPC colours should be and doesn't blur the image out too much.
I think the amount is fine; it's the pattern that's not perfect...
Here's another attempt.Different pattern, bigger process.Two problems: Because the resolution isn't high enough, I have to blur a bit more than I should in order to hide the wrong looks. And the colours are a bit dusty right now.http://www.dewfall.dk/caves.mp4Have an idea for another pattern to try out too, but right now it's bedtime.
I like the previous ones more, to be honest Maybe this changes from person to person, but when I stare at my CRT what I see more is the vertical pattern of the grid. Something like this:However, I do not easily see horizontal patterns, like the scanlines that are emulated everywhere.
@mr_lou , Have you tried taking a macro picture of the CPC screen?That will surely show the true grid size of the screen so you can create the adequate filter.
Last time i saw a CPC screen macro view, i notice that the grid was kind of 7 physical pixels for 8 logical pixels, this is noticable in mode 2 where one single pixel is almost never on the grid, but slide a little more than a physical pixel
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Starfish Menu
Appetizers, Soups, and Salads
Assortment of soups, salads, and tasty creations from the kitchen to whet your appetite!
Sushi, Sashimi, and Rolls
A collection of the freshest fish available in Atlanta accompanied by our legendary rolls.
Japanese Cuisine and Sashimi/Sushi dinners
Foods to warm the body and soul, Japanese Style. Hearty combinations for those who love Sushi and Sashimi.
Lunch Menu
Lunch combinations including Japanese style dishes, Bentos (lunch boxes), and of course Sushi and Sashimi.
Beverage Menu
Quench your thirst with our vast supply of Sake, Wine, Beer, and Sodas.


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I had to add "Lose Weight Quickly" to the title of this post because it seems that's what the majority of people are looking for.
It pains me to say it too because in order to lose it the right way, quickly isn't gonna cut it.
Let's face it – chances are, you didn't gain the weight overnight. There could be any number of reasons you put it on – whether it's from pregnancy, medication, a medical condition or a lifetime of unhealthy habits.
Unfortunately, though, you undoubtedly see a lot of hype out there offering promises about how to get what you want (like yesterday) – as long as you whip out your wallet and purchase whatever miracle remedy is being promoted. It could be a supplement, fitness program or new diet.
I won't say that none of them work either.
Some do. In fact, there are plenty of worthwhile products and programs that'll give you fast results.
I'm not here to knock any of them either. That's not how I roll.
However, I do wish you convey to you that your mindset is everything.
I'm not talking loosely about "mind over matter" type of stuff. I'm just stating that for you to change your body, you'll have to shift your perspective first.
It requires thinking differently.
More accurately, it takes being different.
You'll need to question your thoughts and beliefs.
You can change your habits –
But –
Once life comes along and pulls your strings, the real you always comes back up to the surface.
This means:
If you want to make long lasting changes, you'll need to change who you ARE. Then what you DO will change naturally.
So how do you use this information in a practical way?
Here are a few things you'll want to think about.
Lose Weight Quickly (or do it the right way)
Before I go on, I'll mention I understand that when it comes to motivation, seeing results helps to keep you going.
Doing something in a slow but methodical way doesn't seem aggressive enough for someone who's frustrated over their current circumstances and desires relief quickly.
You feel like you're doing the work, but unless you experience the fruits of your labor, you figure your efforts are being wasted.
I get that. I've been there. Sometimes I still experience this feeling regarding other goals I'm working toward.
But I also understand the value of a solid foundation.
When it comes to getting fast results, especially when it comes to weight loss – it's easy to let your mind wander to some of those weight loss shows where the contestants drop a ton of weight every week. They're even penalized if they don't lose enough of it as quickly as possible.
Doing things the right way isn't dramatic, and it doesn't pull in high ratings – so it's "go balls to the wall or go home."
But if you've been paying attention, you'll have noticed that many of these people haven't kept the weight off. Most of them have put it back on – with additional health complications as well.
That's a huge blow for people who put everything they had into their program.
We all know the type of motivation to work that hard doesn't come easily…so when you've had it and took action from a place of all or nothing thinking – it's when you need that "extreme" level of intensity again that presents the biggest hurdle you'll face.
There's a way to use different motivating factors to help you reach a goal – and others that work when it comes to maintaining the results.
Balance, self-awareness, and a calm/ rational mind are the necessary components if you want to lose weight the right way.
Some of the ways to use this to your advantage are:
- Feel (and OBSERVE) your emotions about your current weight
- Practice self-awareness
- Make well-being your ultimate goal
- Ignore what society says about beauty and self-worth
1 – Feel (and OBSERVE) your emotions about your current weight
We cannot change what we don't acknowledge.
But we also won't take deliberate and conscious action toward wellness from a place of emotional turmoil.
It's clear you're unhappy (flat out miserable) about your weight. That's understandable.
But while you're in the midst of feeling your emotions over this, step back and witness yourself.
Observe the thoughts running through your mind.
Look at the intensity of the how frustrated you are.
Does this make you want to solve the problem as quickly as possible to experience a sense of relief?
Chances are, it does. This is why people choose fad diets and unsafe exercise programs to give them what they want as soon as possible.
This isn't the way you want to go about this.
You want to do this from an emotionally sound place. This is why observing your feelings is a wise thing to do.
~ Jot down your thoughts and emotions. All of them.
~ Just get them out.
~ Then look at them objectively.
ALWAYS view yourself from the standpoint of an observer. There's the "you" that interacts with reality – and the you that watches.
Know the difference. It counts. It matters – and it changes things.
For more on what that means, learn more about your ego.
2 – Practice self-awareness
To piggyback on what I've just said, self-awareness plays a bigger role in your habits than your behavior does.
This is because everything you DO is a result of who you ARE.
When you take action, you're doing so from a combination of external stimuli (information and circumstances) and your inner world (your thoughts and beliefs).
When you become self-aware, you know what pulls your strings.
You're in touch with the recordings that play out in your mind. These messages are responsible for how you react to your world – and THE world.
If you want to do this the right way, you'll need to make "knowing thyself" a priority.
~ What pushes your buttons?
~ What makes you act?
~ Who/ what influences you?
~ What are you saying to yourself (that you aren't even aware of)?
Have you ever thought how abusive you'd sound if you said to others what you say to yourself?
Imagine what your self-criticism would sound like if you said these things to someone else.
"Gosh, your thighs are jiggly."
"Your ass is so flat. No man would ever want to be seen with you."
"OMG – when you waved at me, all I could see were your arms flapping in the wind. Too bad you can't fly."
"You've always been fat and you never succeed. Why try again? You'll fail."
"You're just ugly. Seriously, no one could love you."
"Damn, your breasts are really sagging there. I thought you were about to trip over them."
"What the fuck is going on with your face? It looks like a crumpled up paper bag."
I personally heard someone say that last line about themselves.
These are just a few of the things we say to ourselves.
You've gotta stop that…but you won't until you know you're doing it.
It won't end there either.
It'll really stop once you no longer BELIEVE what you say to yourself.
You ARE your imagination.
So again practice self-awareness. Then sit back and observe what's inside of you.
3 – Make well-being your ultimate goal
Once you've accomplished the first two steps, you'll probably be amazed to discover that your inner world is sick.
I'm not trying to be rude or insensitive. I'm just calling it as I see it.
I've been there. I've done what I'm suggesting, so I'm in no position to put your down (nor would I want to).
But because I've done the work, I get it. This is what I'm teaching you.
When you've realized you're sick, you have to decide to get well.
What does well-being look like?
Is it about looking like a fitness model?
Does it involve simply being healthy?
Is it geared toward being attractive/ well-liked/ accepted/ dateable?
What does it mean to you to be a healthy individual?
I'll tell you this:
You can't be well with a sick mind.
Clarify what true wellness means to you (hint: it isn't about what society says).
4 – Ignore what society says about beauty and self-worth
Society is filled with information.
You see the magazines and billboards telling you what it means to be beautiful.
You watch the tell-a-vision programs suggesting that the love of your life will fall at your feet if they think you're gorgeous and you'll live happily ever after.
What will your fabulous partner do if you get sick, lose your hair, let your six pack abs soften and suddenly become normal looking?
How many times have you heard about spouses or partners suddenly wanting to break up because their significant other isn't as attractive to them any longer?
And how often has someone who was considered beautiful lost their partner to someone else who was just as good looking?
Let me tell you something folks –
Your well-being has nothing to do with your looks.
But true wellness (the real kind) is what makes your eyes shine, your heart swell and it oozes out of you.
It's what makes you light up the room.
It's why you're a good person. One the world needs.
I'm gonna say this and I hope you'll let it sink in…
The world has no shortages of tight asses, big tits and washboard abs. What it IS lacking is heart, true consciousness and people who treat themselves with CARE.
Well-being is about care.
When ALL four of the ingredients come together:
~ Self-observation
~ Self-awareness
~ A genuine desire for well-being
~ A healthy distance from the group thinking process of society –
You'll have the perfect formula for losing your weight (along with a hunk of other emotional baggage) the right way.
But Doesn't Eating Right and Exercising Count?
Yes, it does.
But more than that, your ideas about well-being and a good understanding of your self-imposed limitations will be what decides how you handle a "diet and exercise" program.
When healthy living is your ultimate goal, you become someone who lives that way.
It isn't about what you do, it's about who you are.
You don't want to practice some new behaviors with an end date in mind if longevity is what you're after. Short terms goals are helpful and can provide temporary motivation – but you want to go beyond that.
You want to kick this nasty annoyance in your life good-bye once and for all. You'll do that when you've changed your inner world.
I want to leave you with a short video. This is a recent interview I did with Carl over at goodbooks.online (whom I'll be introducing you to in a week or two).
The topic is exercise safety and how to go about your healthy living program in a safe and structured manner.
Believe it or not, getting in shape could be hazardous to your health if you aren't aware of some of the hidden dangers that lurk beneath the surface.
These are things you need to know about.
So watch the video, check out the post and grab a copy of my exercise safety book. The information could literally save your life.
Over to you.
Does this make sense to you? Do you see why you don't want to rush the process?
Want more bullshit-free wisdom? Check out my latest book "Streetwise Philosophy (A Bullshit-Free Approach to Spiritual Maturity)."
Grab your copy at any of these online retailers.


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Jan 18, 2018
In this episode we are creating a ritual for your work. The start of the day sets the tone for everything that follows.
Its really important to be conscientious about how you jump-start your early hours and then your first task at work. That is if you want to generate more energy and enthusiasm throughout the workday.
This is a ritual for you work that can help lead to a happier and more productive experience all day long, no matter where you work.
Especially if you spend too much time when you get to work just spinning your wheels?
Having such a ritual means that you have a structured beginning to the day that signals to your brain that it's time to get down to business. It prevents you from wasting precious time being reactive rather than proactive.
And adding a little spiritualty to your ritual helps you take your spiritual practice out and into the world.
Imagine is everyone was conscious of creating a peaceful and empowering start to their work day.
Think about how many people you come into contact with from an open heart and awareness.
To begin.. Take a moment and create a sacred space around your desk.. …
A - Air - Begin with long slow deep breaths
F - Fire - Light some sage or use some Sage Essential Oils
E - Earth - Ground your desk, chair and room with Mother Earth
W - Water - Release the excess emotional energy that creates anxiety at work
Connect with your spirit.. That inner voice. Tune in to her.
Now.. Remember you are at work
Take a piece of paper art. write down erverything you need to do today. Get it out of your head and on to a list.
Breathe as you do this and -Drink some water too as you open up your awareness to your office.


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When you think of brown sugar, you may think of it as a healthier alternative to many other types of sugar that are out there now. Very few people will turn to their pantry and think of how it can help them when it comes to keeping their skin healthy. It is important to remember, however, that pure olive oil for skin holds a lot of benefits. There are many people now who have taken it upon themselves to exfoliate their skin for a much lower price, and for much greater benefits. The brown sugar scrub is very cost-effective because all you have to do is use what may currently be in your pantry. You do not have to spend a lot of money on expensive gels and lotions when you have something very simple and basic which can help you to get rid of those dead skin cells and give your skin a new start.
Also Read How to Have a Healthy Heart
Chemicals and Vitamins
There will be no artificial chemicals found in brown sugar, due to it being a very natural ingredient. What you will find in brown sugar, however, is something called molasses. These molasses will help to give you a greater amount of B vitamins which are going to be great for the skin.
No Staining
Unlike a lot of other beauty solutions, you do not have to worry about a big mess. All you have to do is brush off any sugar crystals that get onto your clothes. This is a cheaper and more effective form of exfoliation for a number of reasons, and this is only one of them. Again, there are going to be no chemicals contained within the scrub. This means that your clothes are going to be safe.
One of the main reasons people are skeptical when it comes to exfoliating is because they believe that their skin is going to dry out. While this can happen if you do not do it properly, using something like a brown sugar scrub will help you in many ways. Brown sugar is coarse and has the same texture that wet sand has. While it will wipe away all of the dead skin cells, it will leave no marks and will help to moisturize your skin at the same time. This is something that many people enjoy and therefore is just one of the many reasons a brown sugar scrub works.