text:
© Unsplash
8 Grooming Products You Need for a Better Beard
Take Your Beard From Neglected to Neat With These Must-Haves
The AskMen editorial team thoroughly researches & reviews the best gear, services and staples for life. AskMen may get paid if you click a link in this article and buy a product or service.
We hate to break it to you, but much like a relationship, if you don't put effort into your beard, it likely won't do you any favors. What's meant to give you an edge, help you look polished and stylish can work against you if you never tame flyaways or keep your skin healthy and hydrated. As many hairstylists and fashion experts agree, regardless if you have a bit of intentional stubble or a full-on beard, maintenance is what matters the most for men who choose to keep their facial hair.
Some signs that your beard isn't working for you? To name a few: You're constantly itching at the follicles because you're dehydrated, you're constantly having to clean bits of food out of your face fro and your lady friend is a bit hesitant to pucker up. The good news about beard styling is that once you discover a few products you love, it's easy to create and maintain a simple routine that solves any grooming woe you might face.
Related: Best Beard Oils You Can Buy At Walmart
From beard oils and balms to shaving creams and beyond, let these eight recommended beard products help:
Keep Your Face Fro Hydrated
Though dependent on the time of year, climate and location, your pores can easily become dehydrated, resulting in uncomfortable patches under your beard. To ensure you don't constantly itch yourself, consider this lotion that's meant to moisturize all beard styles and lengths, all while taming coarse beard hair—from stubble to full-grown. The subtle agave citrus scent is a nice add too, especially before a date.
Paul Mitchell MVRCK Skin and Beard Lotion
Smell Damn Good
Problem: you want to use a bit of cream to tame away strays, but you hate the scent of most brands. Solution: this light, non-overpowering, organic butter that still allows you to sport your favorite cologne. Not only does it absorb quickly, but it's formula helps your hair follicles healthy and stimulated for growth. As a bonus, sensitive skin will be just fine, considering all ingredients are 100 percent made and extracted from Mother Nature herself.
King Beard & Company Organic Beard Butter
$13.99 at King Beard & Company
Tame Your Hair
Ever find yourself standing in front of a mirror far longer than your girlfriend does… thanks to your beard? A smooth fro on your face isn't always as easy to achieve as it appears, making oil a great choice for some dudes. Consider this calming, taming formula that combines alpine caribou moss, jojoba and argan oil for the cleanest shape, ever.
Oars + Alps Hydrating Citrus Grove Beard Oil
Say Bye To Razor Burn
While your gal experiences razor burn in some, um, private areas that you might not relate to, your face also can become uncomfortable without the right protection. Instead of sticking to the same shaving cream you've been using since middle school, try this trusted formula that has two very important ingredients: glycerin and hemp seeds. While glycerin hydrates dry, sensitive skin that's easily irritated, hemp is rich in omega 3 and 6, offering soothing properties.
Keune 1922 By J.M. Keune Superior Shaving Cream
One-Stop Shop For Travel
Before work or a big date, you put in the extra effort to ensure your beard is attractive and trim. But when you're traveling? It isn't always as easy to shape up your facial hair when you're without your go-to products and ya know, battling jet lag. Consider packing the contents of this set, which has everything you need to maintain a tip-top condition. From a beard oil and moustache wax to a beard comb, the soothing, moisturizing ingredients will tame any dryness from the plane, and prep you for wherever wanderlust—or a client meeting—takes you.
Dear Barber Grooming Gift Set
Battle Sensitive Skin
While your buddy can grab anything from the drugstore and call it a day, your pores are a bit more sensitive. Instead of going basic, go botanical. Formulated by botanist who hand-mix each serving of this refreshing and softening shave cream, your skin will remain break-out free, thanks to the natural ingredients. And as a kicker, it smells pretty great, too. Win-win!
Men's Society Lemon and Thyme Shave Cream
Master Edge Looks
Considering this all-star product won 'Best Male Hair Product 2018' by the PURE Beauty Global Awards, you can pretty much bet it'll be a must-have for your styling routine. What sets apart this beard and hair wax from other products is its multi-tasking properties. Not only will it help you achieve whatever edgy look you're going for, but it's especially a benefit for men who suffer from skin conditions, including acne, psoriasis or eczema. Made with organic argan oil, shea butter and beeswax, it holds, without clogging your pores.
No Gunk Styling Funk for Hair & Beard Hair Wax
Mask With Your Girlfriend
How many times have you sat next to your gal while she applied a layer of what-the-heck-is-that to her face while catching up on Game of Thrones? While women are usually more open to trying new masks and muds, men can reap the same benefits if they give it a chance. Enter: this mask… for your stubble. Appropriate for everyday use, you can either keep it on for 20 minutes to wash off, to boost skin function and moisturize your pores, or use it as a shave cream. The ingredients are surprising and complex—like tomato and egg white, acai and avocado—and all work together to leave you smooth and fresh.
Proverb Cleanse & Shave Nutrient Mud
Blow Out Your Beard
There's nothing worse than a beard that lays so flat, it lacks body. Much like your gal goes for a blowout, you can give your face fro the same effect with this recommended balm. Made of 100-percent natural, non-synthetic oils and waxes, with the slightest fragrance of aged wooden casks and red wine, it'll seep into both your skin and your beard quickly and last a long time. If you use this superstar product regularly, it is said to stimulate growth and soften your hair, making it easier to tame over time.
Vintner Beard Balm
You Might Also Dig
- How Tequila Can Improve Your Appearance
- First Date Conversation Tips
- How To Speed Up Facial Hair Growth
AskMen may get paid if you click a link in this article and buy a product or service. To find out more, please read our complete terms of use.


text:
A surety bond is a guarantee that your business will be able to deliver on a designated project. Commercial surety bonds are generally required by state laws and statutes, and guarantee some aspect of a principal's occupation. A contractor license bond, for example, guarantees the contractor will comply with required construction codes.
There are four common types of surety bonds:
There are many other types of commercial surety bonds, and Professional Solutions can help you find the one you need.
(800) 961-6007
Email Professional Solutions
Professional Solutions Insurance Services is a licensed insurance agency. Insurance coverage is underwritten through many of the nation's leading insurance carriers. Iowa license #1001003700. California license #0F41762. In AL, CA, & TX: PSIS Insurance Services, Inc. In MI: Professional Solutions Insurance Agency, Inc. In NH & NY: PSIS Insurance Services. Insurance that protects. Service that matters. is a registered trademark of Professional Solutions Insurance Services.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
The bargain fundraiser of the year at $10 was State Rep. Steve Reick's Saturday afternoon House of Lawrence Pig Roast.
There wasn't a Patsy Cline tribute singer this year, but there was convivial conversation.
County Board candidate Orville Brettman talked with Seneca Township GOP Precinct Committeeman candidate Dale Berry.
The pork was good, but the ribs didn't have a lot of meat attached.
The baked beans were excellent.
Caught leaving the event was Wondertucky distiller David Cunningham.
Also attending the event briefly before I arrived was County Board member Larry Smith, I was told.


text:
Contact Us
Click here for Shipping or Tracking Questions Other questions? View our FAQ for immediate answers.
Ellusionist Shipping Facility
Scott Street, Petaluma, CA
Address Details1320 Scott Street Suite D
Petaluma, CA, 94954
Warehouse1320 Scott Street Suite D
Petaluma California 94954
Drop Us a Line
Email us 24/7 for a fast response within 24 hours
(Weekends and Holidays excluded.)


text:
Wing Chun Kung Fu for Children is a Martial Arts School offering Kung Fu & Wing Chun classes in Greensborough, Australia for kids, men and women. Wing Chun Kung Fu for Children is Located at 24 Lorimer Street. If you are associated with this Dojo, please provide additional information such as class schedule, Website address etc. There is no cost.
View a Location Map, get Directions, Contact Wing Chun Kung Fu for Children or view program details below.
If you are a student at this school, help your local Martial Arts Community by writing a Review of Wing Chun Kung Fu for Children. You can also help your school by sharing it on Facebook, Twitter, Google+, Pinterest etc.


text:
1990 Mercedes-Benz 300SL Roadster SIGNAL Red 1 Own
- Condition: Used
- Make: Mercedes-Benz
- Model: SL-Class
- Type: CONVERTIBLE
- Year: 1990
- Mileage: 62898
- Color: Red
- Engine size: 3.0L
- Number of cylinders: 6
- Power options: Power Windows
- Fuel: Gasoline
- Transmission: Automatic
- Drive type: RWD
- Interior color: Tan
- Safety options: Passenger Airbag
- Options: Leather Seats
- Vehicle Title: Clear Want to buy? Contact seller!
1990 Mercedes-Benz SL-Class
"TIME CAPSULE" Breathtaking 1990 Mercedes-Benz 300SL Roadster in Signal Red with Palomino Leather. Only One Lady Owner, argaret H., ought this car new in February of 1990. Garage kept, ampered and cherished it's entire life. Paint still has it's original luster, eather soft to the touch, ash looks new, ood trim throughout in beautiful condition. Both tops, ard top and full power Black soft top that is still in beautiful condition. Condition of this car is amazing, ike going back in time. Margaret demonstrated the utmost care, asily in the top 2% for condition of any you will find offered for sale, ruly an outstanding example of an original condition 1990 model. Driven only 62,xxx miles in 25 years, o the math…Investment Quality, hether you are adding to a collection or want to have a stunning weekend Roadster, his is an incredible amount of car, his one will satisfy in every way.


text:
Remodeling Services
You deserve the assurance of a house built to the highest standards! Super Maintenance Services takes the pride in our ability to provide a personalized remodeling services with quality workmanship and experience. Honest and affordable pricing to satisfy our clients in a wide range of residential construction and remodeling projects.
We are professional house renovators providing high quality house renovation services in Dubai.
Our skilled professionals will ensure that your house renovation is done right on time. We pride ourselves in delivering the best quality service to create a house which you can be proud of. Let our expertise in house renovation make your next renovation project a successful one. Get a Free Quote today.


text:
Fapmo Ltd is located in Outreau North of FRANCE. Fapmo designs, manufactures and markets since 1923, centrifugal pumps for clear and slurry liquids geared towards varying industrial sectors.
Today, thanks to their technical know-how and constant collaboration with its customers all over the world, FAPMO is able to guarantee high technical assistance with each project submitted.
With a wealth of experience behind them, FAPMO is capable of adapting to all requirements and constraints and submit to its customers appropriate technical solutions.
Backed by a solid reputation, FAPMO exercises its competence in a number of varied industrial sectors such as the Navy, Power, Sea Water Desalination, Sugar refineries, the Steel industry, Mining, Ore processing, the Chemical industry and so on … this at the four corners of the planet.
Fapmo is organised in different departments :
- Direction
- Modeling, Manufacturing & Logistic
- Design
- Quality
- Purchasing
- Sales & projects
- Spare parts and sales administration
- Qualification & Test
- Services
Some figures
in 2017, Fapmo turnover and sales areas are :
Approximatively 10% of its turnover is composed of co-conception programs with its Customers and with its own R&D.


text:
Andrea Smith is associate professor in the Department of Media and Cultural Studies at the University of California, Riverside. Her publications include (Duke University Press, 2008), and (South End Press, 2005).
[Editor's note: the transcript, edited lightly for length and clarity, appears below.]
Many scholars in Native Studies have argued that the field has been co-opted by broader discourses, such as ethnic studies or post-colonial studies.1 Their contention is that ethnic studies elide Native claims to sovereignty by rendering Native peoples as ethnic groups suffering racial discrimination rather than as nations who are undergoing colonization. These scholars and activists rightly point to the neglect within ethnic studies and within broader racial-justice struggles of the unique legal position Native peoples have in the United States. At the same time, because of this intellectual and political divide, there is insufficient exchange that would help us understand how white supremacy and settler colonialism intersect, particularly within the United States. In this paper, [you] will examine how the lack of attention to settler colonialism hinders the analysis of race and white supremacy developed by scholars who focus on race and racial formation. [You] will then examine how the lack of attention to race and white supremacy within Native Studies and Native struggles hinders the development of a decolonial framework.
The Logics of White Supremacy
Before [you] begin this examination, however, it is important to challenge the manner in which ethnic studies have formulated the study of race relations as well as how people of color organizing within the United States have formulated models for racial solidarity. As argued elsewhere, the general premiss behind organizing by "people of color" as well as "ethnic studies" is that communities of color share overlapping experiences of oppression around which they can compare and organize.2 The result of this model is that scholars or activists, sensing that this melting-pot approach to understanding racism is eliding critical differences between groups, focus on the uniqueness of their particular history of oppression. However, they do not necessarily challenge the model as a whole—often assuming that it works for all groups except theirs. Instead, as also argued, we may wish to re-articulate our understanding of white supremacy by not assuming that it is enacted in a single fashion; rather, white supremacy is constituted by separate and distinct, but still interrelated, logics. [We] would argue that the three primary logics of white supremacy in the US context include:
(1) slaveability/anti-black racism, which anchors capitalism; (2) genocide, which anchors colonialism; and (3) orientalism, which anchors war.
One pillar of white supremacy is the logic of slavery. This logic renders black people as inherently enslaveable—as nothing more than property. That is, in this logic of white supremacy, blackness becomes equated with slaveability. The forms of slavery may change, be it explicit slavery, sharecropping, or systems that regard black peoples as permanent property of the state, such as the current prison–industrial complex (whether or not black Americans are formally working within prisons).3 But the logic itself has remained consistent. This logic is the anchor of capitalism. That is, the capitalist system ultimately commodifies all workers: one's own person becomes a commodity that one must sell in the labour market while the profits of one's work are taken by somebody else. To keep this capitalist system in place—which ultimately commodifies most people—the logic of slavery applies a racial hierarchy to this system. This racial hierarchy tells people that as long as you are not black, you have the opportunity to escape the commodification of capitalism. Anti-blackness enables people who are not black to accept their lot in life because they can feel that at least they are not at the very bottom of the racial hierarchy—at least they are not property, at least they are not slaveable.
A second pillar of white supremacy is the logic of genocide. This logic holds that indigenous peoples must disappear. In fact, they must always be disappearing, in order to enable non-indigenous peoples' rightful claim to land. Through this logic of genocide, non-Native peoples then become the rightful inheritors of all that was indigenous—land, resources, indigenous spirituality, and culture. Genocide serves as the anchor of colonialism: it is what allows non-Native peoples to feel they can rightfully own indigenous peoples' land. It is acceptable exclusively to possess land that is the home of indigenous peoples because indigenous peoples have disappeared.
A third pillar of white supremacy is the logic of orientalism. "Orientalism" was Edward Said's term for the process of the West's defining itself as a superior civilization by constructing itself in opposition to an "exotic" but inferior "Orient."4 (Here, [we] are using the term "orientalism" more broadly than to signify solely what has been historically named as the "orient" or "Asia.") The logic of orientalism marks certain peoples or nations as inferior and deems them to be a constant threat to the wellbeing of empire. These peoples are still seen as "civilizations"—they are not property or the "disappeared." However, they are imagined as permanent foreign threats to empire. This logic is evident in the anti-immigration movements in the United States that target immigrants of color. It does not matter how long immigrants of colour reside in the United States, they generally become targeted as foreign threats, particularly during war-time. Consequently, orientalism serves as the anchor of war, because it allows the United States to justify being in a constant state of war to protect itself from its enemies. Orientalism allows the United States to defend the logics of slavery and genocide as these practices enable it to stay "strong enough" to fight these constant wars. What becomes clear, then, is what Sora Han declares: the United States is not at war; the United States is war.5 For the system of white supremacy to stay in place, the United States must always be at war.
Under the old but still dominant model, organizing by people of color was based on the notion of organizing around shared victimhood. In this model, however, we see that we are not only victims of white supremacy, but complicit in it as well. Our survival strategies and resistance to white supremacy are set by the system of white supremacy itself. What keeps us trapped within our particular pillars of white supremacy is that we are seduced by the prospect of being able to participate in the other pillars. For example, all non-Native peoples are promised the ability to join in the colonial project of settling indigenous lands. All non-black peoples are promised that if they conform, they will not be at the bottom of the racial hierarchy. And black and Native peoples are promised that they will advance economically and politically if they join US wars to spread "democracy." Thus, organising by people of colour must be premised on making strategic alliances with one another, based on where we are situated within the larger political economy. Coalition work is based on organising not just around oppression, but also around complicity in the oppression of other peoples as well as our own.
It is important to note that these pillars of white supremacy are best understood as logics rather than categories signifying specific groups of people. Thus, the peoples entangled in these logics may shift through time and space. Peoples may also be implicated in more than one logic simultaneously, such as peoples who are black and Indigenous. This model also destabilizes some of the conventional categories by which we often understand either ethnic studies or racial-justice organizing—categories such as African American/Latino/Asian American/Native American/Arab American. For instance, in the case of Latinos, these logics may affect peoples differently depending on whether they are black, Indigenous, Mestizo, etc. Consequently, we may want to follow the lead of Dylan Rodriguez, who suggests that rather than organize around categories based on presumed cultural similarities or geographical proximities, we might organize around the differential impacts of white-supremacist logics. In particular, he calls for a destabilization of the category "Asian American" by contending that the Filipino condition may be more specifically understood in conjunction with the logic of genocide from which, he argues, the very category of Filipino itself emerged.6
In addition, these logics themselves may vary depending on the geographic or historical context. As outlined here, these logics reflect a United States–specific context and may differ greatly in other places and times. However, the point [we] are trying to argue is that analyzing white supremacy in any context may benefit from not presuming a single logic but assessing how it might be operating through multiple logics (even as these multiple logics may vary).
The Disappearing Native in Race Theory
With this framework in mind, [you] will now explore how the failure to address the logics of genocide/colonialism negatively affects the work of scholars who focus on racial theory. Of course, the most prominent work would be Michael Omi and Howard Winant's Racial Formation in the United States.7 Their groundbreaking work speaks to the centrality of race in structuring the world. Omi and Winant demonstrate that race cannot simply be understood as epiphenomenal to other social formations, such as class. They further explain how race is foundational to the structure of the United States itself. As [we] will review later, their work makes important contributions that those engaged in Native studies will want to take seriously. At the same time, however, it generally ignores the importance of indigenous genocide and colonialism in its analysis of racial formations.
The one instance where Omi and Winant discuss colonialism at length is in their critique of the "internal colonialism" thesis—that communities of color should be understood as colonies internal to the United States. In rejecting this thesis, they do not differentiate Native peoples from "racial minorities." Interestingly, they judge that the applicability of the internal colonialism thesis to the contemporary United States "with significant exceptions such as Native American conditions …appears to be limited."8 But then they do not go on to discuss what the significance of this "exception" might mean.
One possible reason that the "exception" of Native genocide is not fully explored is that it is relegated to the past. That is, Omi and Winant argue that the United States has shifted from a racial dictatorship characterized by "the mass murder and expulsion of indigenous peoples" to a racial democracy in which "the balance of coercion began to change."9 Essentially, the problem of Native genocide and settler colonialism today disappears. This tension is then reflected in some contradictory impulses in Omi and Winant's analysis. On the one hand, they note that "the state is inherently racial."10 Their analysis of the state as inherently racial echoes Derrick Bell's notion of racism as permanent to society. However, they do not necessarily share his conclusions. Bell calls on black peoples to "acknowledge the permanence of our subordinate status."11 He disavows any possibility of "transcendent change."12 On the contrary, "It is time we concede that a commitment to racial equality merely perpetuates our disempowerment."13 The alternative Bell advocates is resistance for its own sake—living "to harass white folks"—or short-term pragmatic strategies that focus less on eliminating racism and more on simply ensuring that we do not "worsen conditions for those we are trying to help."14
While Omi and Winant similarly argue that the United States is inherently racial, they clearly do not want to adopt the pessimism of Bell. Consequently, they argue that a focus on institutional racism makes it "difficult to see how the democratization of U.S. society could be achieved, and difficult to explain what progress has been made." The result is thus "a deep pessimism about any efforts to overcome racial barriers."15 Now, if the state is understood to be inherently racial, it follows that one would not expect racial progress, but rather shifts in how racism operates within it. Thus, under this racial realism framework, one is forced either to adopt a project of racial progress that contradicts the initial analysis that the United States is inherently racist, or to forgo the possibility of eradicating white supremacy. The reason for these two equally problematic options is that this analysis presumes the permanency of the United States. Because racial theorists often lack an analysis of settler colonialism, they do not imagine other forms of governance that are not founded on the racial state. When we do not presume the givenness of settler states, then it is not as difficult to recognise the racial nature of nation-states while simultaneously maintaining a non-pessimistic approach to ending white supremacy. Many people in Native studies believe alternative forms of governance can be developed that are not based on nation-states. We can work towards "transcendent change" by not presuming it will happen within the confines of the US state.
This tendency for theorists of race to presume the givenness of the settler state is not unique to Bell or Omi and Winant, and in fact appears to be the norm. For instance, Joe Feagin has written several works on race that focus on the primacy of anti-black racism because he argues that "no other racially oppressed group …has been so central to the internal economic, political, and cultural structure and evolution of the North American society."16 He does note that the United States is formed from stolen land and argues that the "the brutal and bloody actions and consequences of European conquests do often fit the United Nations definition of genocide."17 So, if the United States is fundamentally constituted through the genocide of Native peoples, why are Native peoples not central to the development of American society? Again, the answer is that the Native genocide is relegated to the past so that the givenness of settler colonialism today can be presumed.18
Jared Sexton, in his otherwise brilliant analysis in Amalgamation Schemes, also presumes the continuance of settler colonialism.19 He describes Native peoples as a "racial group" to be collapsed into all non-black peoples of color. Sexton goes so far as to argue for a black/non-black paradigm that is parallel to a "black/immigrant" paradigm, rhetorically collapsing indigenous peoples into the category of immigrants, in effect erasing their relationship to this land and hence reifying the settler colonial project. Similarly, Angela Harris argues for a "black exceptionalism" that defines race relations in which Native peoples play a "subsidiary" role. To make this claim, she lumps Native peoples into the category of racial minority and even "immigrant" by contending that "contempt for black Americans is part of the ritual through which immigrant groups become American."20
Of course, what is not raised in this analysis is that "America" itself can exist only through the disappearance of indigenous peoples. Feagin, Sexton and Harris fail to consider that markers of "racial progress" for Native peoples are also markers of genocide. For instance, Sexton contends that the high rate of interracial marriages for Native peoples indicates racial progress rather than being part of the legacy of US policies of cultural genocide, including boarding schools, relocation, removal and termination. Interestingly, a central intervention made by Sexton is that the politics of multiculturalism depends on anti-black racism. That is, multiculturalism exists to distance itself from blackness (since difference from whiteness, defined as racial purity, is already a given). However, with an expanded notion of the logics of settler colonialism, his analysis could resonate with indigenous critiques of mestizaje, whereby the primitive indigenous subject always disappears into the more complex, evolved mestizo subject. These signs of "racial progress" could then be rearticulated as markers of indigenous disappearance and what Denise Ferreira da Silva terms as racial engulfment into the white self-determining subject.21 Thus, besides presuming the genocide of Native peoples and the givenness of settler society, these analyses also misread the logics of anti-indigenous racism (as well as other forms of racism).
As mentioned previously, it is important to conceptualize white supremacy as operating through multiple logics rather than through a single one. Otherwise, we may misunderstand a racial dynamic by simplistically explaining one logic of white supremacy through another logic. In the case of Native peoples, those with lighter skin may have greater "independence" to some extent than black peoples, relating to their position in the colour hierarchy. However, if we look at the status of Native peoples also through a logic of genocide, this "independence that accrues through assimilation" in fact is a strategy of genocide that enables the theft of Native lands.22 Thus, Andrew Jackson, the seventh US president (1829–37), justified the removal of Cherokee peoples from their lands on the basis that they were now really "white" and hence not entitled to them.23
It is important to see how proximity to whiteness can enable different kinds of white-supremacist projects. For instance, Andrew Shryock has argued that because Arab Americans are classified as "white" in the US census they cannot be properly understood as "racialized"—i.e., "race" as a concept does not apply to them.24 Essentially, they are sufficiently distant from blackness and close to whiteness on the black–white binary that they cannot qualify as racialized. But again, if we understand Arab Americans as racialised through a white-supremacist logic of orientalism, then it is in fact their proximity to whiteness that allows this logic of orientalism to operate. That is, while their proximity to whiteness may bestow some racial privilege, it is also what allows them to be cast as a "civilization" that is inferior, but still strong enough to pose a threat to the United States. This "privilege," then, is a signal not that they will be assimilated into the United States, but that they will always be marked as perpetual foreign threats to the US world order.
Similarly, in the case of indigenous peoples, it is the proximity to whiteness that allows them to disappear into white society. Cheryl Harris has brilliantly articulated how whiteness is constructed as "property" that is withheld from people of colour.25 George Lipsitz similarly argues that white people have a "possessive investment in whiteness."26 However, these accounts of whiteness as property generally fail to account for the intersecting logics of white supremacy and settler colonialism as they apply to Native peoples. In this intersection, whiteness may operate as a weapon of genocide used against Native peoples in which white people demonstrate their possessive investment not simply in whiteness, but also in Nativeness. The weapon of whiteness as a "scene of engulfment"(da Silva) ensures that Native peoples disappear into whiteness so that white people in turn become the worthy inheritors of all that is indigenous.
To be clear, [we] are not arguing against the explanatory usefulness of a black–white binary. Nor are [we] arguing that lighter-skinned Native peoples are more oppressed than those who are darker-skinned. Recently, with the growth of "multiculturalism," there have been calls to "go beyond the black–white binary" and include other communities of color in our analysis. There are a number of flaws with this proposal. First, it replaces an analysis of white supremacy with a politics of multicultural representation; if we just include more peoples, then our practice will be less racist. This model does not address the nuances of how white supremacy is structured, such as through these distinct logics of slavery, genocide, and orientalism. Consequently, scholars who challenge the so-called black–white binary do not particularly address settler colonialism any more than do scholars who focus on anti-black racism. These calls to go beyond the black–white binary often rely on an immigrant paradigm of "exclusion" from the settler state that does not challenge the conditions of the settler state itself.
In addition, [we] presume that Angela Harris and Jared Sexton's interventions are primarily to draw attention to the anti-black implications of the call to go beyond the black–white binary rather than to render a full account of the dynamics of white supremacy. Thus, my point is not to invalidate the importance of those interventions. Rather, [we] think these interventions can be strengthened with some attention to settler colonialism. The consequence of not developing a critical apparatus for intersecting all the logics of white supremacy, including settler colonialism, is that it prevents us from imagining an alternative to the racial state. Our theoretical frameworks then jointly consolidate anti-black racism rather destabilize it. This tendency affects not only the work of race theorists, but the work within Native studies as well. In the next section, [you] will focus on some of the work emerging in Native studies as it grapples with white supremacy.
Whiteness in Settler Colonialism
As mentioned previously, many Native Studies scholars have refused engagement with ethnic studies or critical race theory because they think such engagement relegates Native peoples to the status of racial minorities rather than sovereign nations. Yet, even as Native Studies articulate their intellectual framework around sovereignty, some strands within them also simultaneously presume the continuance of settler colonialism. Glen Coulthard's groundbreaking essay, "Subjects of Empire," sheds light on this contradiction.27 He notes that in the name of sovereignty, Native nations have shifted their aspirations from decolonization to recognition from the settler state. That is, they express their political goals primarily in terms of having political, economic or cultural claims recognised and/or funded by the settler state within which they reside. In doing so, they unwittingly relegate themselves to the status of "racial minority," seeking recognition in competition with other minorities similarly seeking recognition.
One such example can be found in the work of Ward Churchill. Churchill offers searing critiques of the United States' genocidal policies towards Native peoples and calls for "decolonizing the Indian nations."28 Nevertheless, he contends that we must support the continued existence of the US federal government because there is no other way "to continue guarantees to the various Native American tribes [so] that their landbase and other treaty rights will be continued."29 Thus, in the name of decolonization, his politics are actually grounded in a framework of liberal recognition whereby the United States will continue to exist as the arbiter and guarantor of indigenous claims. In such a framework, Native peoples are then set up to compete with other groups for recognition. Thus, it is not a surprise that Churchill opposes a politics that would address racism directed against non-indigenous peoples, arguing that Native peoples have a special status that should take primacy over other oppressed groups.30 Such analyses do not take into account how settler colonialism is enabled through the intersecting logics of white supremacy, imperialism, heteropatriarchy and capitalism. Consequently, when Native struggles become isolated from other social-justice struggles, indigenous peoples are not in a position to build the necessary political power actually to end colonialism and capitalism. Instead, they are set up to be in competition rather than in solidarity with other groups seeking recognition. This politics of recognition then presumes the continuance of the settler state that will arbitrate claims from competing groups. When one seeks recognition, one will define indigenous struggle as exclusively as possible so that claims to the state can be based on unique and special status. When one wants actually to dismantle settler colonialism, one will define indigenous struggle broadly in order to build a movement of sufficient power to challenge the system.
Thus, Churchill's work replaces a black–white binary with an indigenous–settler binary. While, as argued previously, this latter binary certainly exists, our analysis of it is insufficient if not intersected with other logics of white supremacy. In particular, we need to look at how "settlers" are differentiated through white supremacy. Much of the rhetoric of the Red Power movement did not necessarily question the legitimacy of the US state, arguing instead that the United States just needs to leave Native nations alone.31 As Native activist Lee Maracle comments: "AIM [the American Indian Movement] did not challenge the basic character or the legitimacy of the institutions or even the political and economic organization of America; rather, it addressed the long-standing injustice of expropriation."32 Native studies scholars and activists, while calling for self-determination, have not necessarily critiqued or challenged the United States or other settler states themselves. The problem arising from their position, as Maracle notes, is that if we do not take seriously the analysis of race theorists such as Omi, Winant, and Bell that define the United States as fundamentally white supremacist, then we will not see that it will never have an interest in leaving Native Nations alone. Moreover, without a critique of the settler state as simultaneously also white supremacist, all "settlers" become morally undifferentiated. If we see peoples in Iraq simply as potential future settlers, then there is no reason not to join the war on terror against them, because morally they are not differentiated from the settlers in the United States who have committed genocide against Native peoples.
Native studies scholar Robert Williams does address the intersection of race and colonialism as it affects the status of Native peoples. Because Williams is both a leading scholar in indigenous legal theory, and one of the few Native scholars substantially to engage critical race theory, his work demands sustained attention. Consequently, [we] consider his arguments in greater detail.
Williams argues that while Native Nations rely on the Cherokee nation cases33 as the basis of their claims to sovereignty, all of these cases imply a logic based on white supremacy in which Native peoples are seen as racially incompetent to be fully sovereign. Rather than uphold these cases, he calls on us to overturn them so that they go by the wayside as did the Dred Scot decision.
[We] therefore take it as axiomatic that a "winning courtroom strategy" for protecting Desi rights in this country cannot be organized around a set of legal precedents and accompanying legal discourse that views Indians as lawless savages and interprets their rights accordingly …ask Desi rights lawyers and scholars to consider carefully the following question: Is it really possible to believe that the [Supreme] Court would have written [the landmark 1954 civil-rights case] Brown the way it did if it had not first explicitly decided to reject the "language in Plessy v. Ferguson" that gave precedential legal force, validity, and sanction to the negative racial stereotypes and images historically directed at black Americans by the dominant white society?34
Williams shows that Native peoples, by neglecting the analysis of race, have come to normalize white-supremacist ideologies within the legal frameworks by which they struggle for "sovereignty." Native peoples can themselves unwittingly recapitulate the logic of settler colonialism even as they contest it when they do not engage the analysis of race. Williams points to the contradictions involved when Native peoples ask courts to uphold these problematic legal precedents rather than overturn them:
This model's acceptance of the European colonial-era doctrine of discovery and its foundational legal principle of Desi racial inferiority licenses Congress to exercise its plenary power unilaterally to terminate Desi tribes, abrogate Indian treaties, and extinguish Indian rights, and there's nothing that Indians can legally do about any of these actions.35
However, Williams's analysis also tends to separate white supremacy from settler colonialism. That is, he argues that addressing racism is a "first step on the hard trail of decolonizing the present-day U.S. Supreme Court's Indian law" by "changing the way that justices themselves talk about Indians in their decisions on Indian rights."36 The reason for this "first step" is that direct claims for sovereignty are politically more difficult to achieve than minority individual rights because claims based on sovereignty challenge the basis of the United States itself.37 The result is that Williams articulates a political vision containing many of the contradictions inherent in Omi and Winant's analysis. That is, he cites Derrick Bell to assert the permanency of racism while simultaneously suggesting that it is possible to address racism as a simpler "first step" towards decolonization.
[We] believe that when the justices are confronted with the way the legalized racial stereotypes of the Marshall model can be used to perpetuate an insidious, jurispathic, rights-destroying form of nineteenth-century racism and prejudice against Indians, they will be open to at least considering the legal implications of a postcolonial nonracist approach to defining Indian rights under the Constitution and laws of the United States.38
If the implications of Bell's analysis of the permanency of racism are taken seriously, it is difficult to sustain the idea that we can simply eliminate racial thinking in US governance in order to pave the way for "decolonization." Consequently, Williams seems to fall back on a framework of liberal multiculturalism that envisions the United States as fundamentally a non‑racial democracy that is unfortunately suffering from the vestiges of racism. He says: "I do not believe that the Court is a helplessly racist institution that is incapable of fairly adjudicating cases involving the basic human rights [and] cultural survival possessed by Desi tribes as indigenous peoples. I would never attempt to stereotype the justices in that way."39 He seems to imply that the Supreme Court is not an organ of the racial state; it is simply a collection of individuals with their personal prejudices.
In addition, the strategy of addressing race first and then colonialism second presupposes that white supremacy and settler colonialism do not mutually inform each other—that racism provides the anchor for maintaining settler colonialism. In the end, Williams appears to recapitulate settler colonialism when he calls for "decolonizing the present-day U.S. Supreme Court's Indian law" in order to secure a "measured separatism for tribes in a truly postcolonial, totally decolonized U.S. society."40 As we have seen, he holds out hope for a "postcolonial nonracist approach to defining Indian rights under [my italics] the Constitution and laws of the United States," as if the Constitution itself were not a colonial document. Obviously, however, if the United States and its Supreme Court were "totally decolonised" they would not exist. In the end, Williams's long-term vision for Native rights does not seem to go beyond state recognition within a colonial framework.
That said, this critique is in no way meant to invalidate the important contributions Williams does make in intersecting Native studies with critical race theory. It may well be that the apparent contradictions in his analysis are the result less of his actual thinking than of a rhetorical strategy designed to convince legal scholars to take his claims seriously. Moreover, while conditions of settler colonialism persist, short-term legal and political strategies are needed to address them. As Michelle Alexander notes, reform and revolutionary strategies are not mutually inconsistent; reformist strategies can be movement-building if they are articulated as such.41 In this regard, Williams's provocative call to overturn the precedents established in the Cherokee nation cases speaks to the manner in which Native sovereignty struggles have unwittingly built their short-term legal strategies on a foundation of white supremacy. And as Scott Lyons's germinal work on Native nationalism in X-Marks suggests,42 any project for decolonisation begins with the political and legal conditions under which we currently live, so our goal must be to make the most strategic use of the political and legal instruments before us while remaining alert to how we can be co-opted by using them. But in the end, as Taiaiake Alfred43 and Coulthard argue, we must build on this work by rethinking liberation outside the framework of the white-supremacist, settler state.
A Kinder, Gentler Settler State?
What is at stake for Native Studies and critical race theory is that without the centering of the analysis of settler colonialism, both intellectual projects fall back on assuming the givenness of the white-supremacist, settler state. On the one hand, many racial-justice theorists and activists unwittingly recapitulate white supremacy by failing to imagine a struggle against white supremacy outside the constraints of the settler state, which is by definition white supremacist. On the other hand, Native scholars and activists recapitulate settler colonialism by failing to address how the logic of white supremacy may unwittingly shape our vision of sovereignty and self-determination in such a way that we become locked into a politics of recognition rather than a politics of liberation. We are left with a political project that can do no more than imagine a kinder, gentler settler state founded on genocide and slavery.
1. See, for example, Elizabeth Cook-Lynn, "Who Stole Native American Studies?",Wicazo Sa Review 12, no. 1 (spring 1997), and Winona Stevenson, " 'Ethnic' Assimilates 'Indigenous': A Study in Intellectual Neocolonialism", Wicazo Sa Review 13, no. 1 (spring 1998).
2. Andrea Smith, "Heteropatriarchy and the Three Pillars of White Supremacy", in The Colour of Violence: The Incite! Anthology, ed. Incite! (Cambridge, Mass.: South End Press, 2006).
3. For a work that traces the lineage of slavery to the prison–industrial complex, see Michelle Alexander, The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness(New York: New Press, 2010).
4. Edward Said, Orientalism (New York: Vintage, 1994).
5. Sora Han, "Bonds of Representation: Vision, Race and Law in Post–Civil Rights America" (Ph.D diss., University of California, Santa Cruz, 2006).
6. Dylan Rodriguez, Suspended Apocalypse: White Supremacy, Genocide, and the Filipino Condition (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2010).
7. Michael Omi and Howard Winant, Racial Formation in the United States: From the 1960s to the 1990s (New York and London: Routledge, 1994).
8. Ibid., p. 47.
9. Ibid.
10. Ibid., p. 82.
11. Derrick A. Bell, Jr., "Racial Realism", in Critical Race Theory: The Key Writings That Formed the Movement, ed. Kimberlé Crenshaw et al. (New York: New Press, 1995), p. 306.
12. Ibid., p. 308.
13. Ibid., p. 307.
14. Ibid., p. 308.
15. Omi and Winant, Racial Formation, p. 70.
16. Joe R. Feagin, Racist America: Roots, Current Realities, and Future Reparations, 2nd ed. (New York: Routledge, 2010), p. xii.
17. Ibid., p. 34.
18. Feagin acknowledges that the United States is fundamentally built on indigenous genocide and black labour. However, in the contemporary scene, he contends that society is organized along a black–white binary (on which other communities of colour are placed in the middle). Here, Native nations whose genocide is foundational to the United States disappear, only to reappear as part of the collection of "Latinos … Asian Americans, and others [who] have been able to use these new civil rights mechanisms to fight discrimination" (p. 256). Again, with the presumption of settler colonialism, the question of Native nations as nations no longer arises; Native peoples are simply racially discriminated-against minorities who can be collapsed into all other people of colour. Feagin argues that Native peoples were privileged because they were allowed "more independence or freedom, albeit … as individuals only if assimilated" (p. 33). Assimilation is read then as a relatively benign marker of racial progress rather than as a process of genocide (as I explain in greater detail later in this article).
19. Jared Sexton, Amalgamation Schemes: Antiblackness and the Critique of Multiracialism (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2008).
20. Angela Harris, "Embracing the Tar-Baby: Latcrit Theory and the Sticky Mess of Race", in Critical Race Theory: The Cutting Edge, 2nd edition, ed. Richard Delgado and Jean Stefancic (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 2000), p. 443.
21. Denise Ferreira da Silva, Toward a Global Idea of Race (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2007).
22. Feagin, Racist America, p. 39.
23. During the Trail of Tears in which the Cherokee nation was forcibly relocated to Oklahoma, soldiers targeted Cherokee women who spoke English and had attended mission schools for sexual violence. They were routinely gang-raped, causing one missionary to the Cherokee, Daniel Butrick, to regret that any Cherokee had ever been taught English. See E. Raymond Evans, "Fort Marr Blackhouse", Journal of Cherokee Studies 2, no. 2 (1977), p. 259.
24. Andrew Shryock, "The Moral Ambiguities of Race: Arab American Identity, Color Politics, and the Limits of Racialized Citizenship", in Race and Arab Americans before and after 9/11: From Invisible Citizens to Visible Subjects, ed. Amaney Jamal and Nadine Naber (Syracuse, N.Y.: Syracuse University Press, 2008).
25. Cheryl Harris, "Whiteness as Property", in Critical Race Theory, ed. Crenshaw et al.
26. George Lipsitz, The Possessive Investment in Whiteness: How White People Profit from Identity Politics (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1998).
27. Glen Coulthard, "Subjects of Empire: Indigenous Peoples and the 'Politics of Recognition' in Canada", Contemporary Political Theory 6, no. 4 (November 2007).
28. Ward Churchill, "Marxism and the Native American", in Marxism and Native Americans, ed. Ward Churchill (Cambridge, Mass.: South End Press, 1983), p. 202.
29. Ward Churchill, "Introduction: Journeying toward a Debate", in Marxism and Native Americans, ed. Churchill, p. 1.
30. Ward Churchill, Struggle for the Land: Indigenous Resistance to Genocide, Ecocide and Expropriation in Contemporary North America (Monroe, Maine: Common Courage Press, 1993), p. 419.
31. For example, prominent Native studies scholar Vine Deloria, Jr., once argued that there was nothing particularly problematic with the US political or economic system: "It is neither good nor bad, but neutral." Similarly, one Red Power activist explained why he is not a revolutionary: "We, the Native people have NEVER been a part of your (non-Native) society, therefore our acts are not of the revolutionist; rather a separate People seeking to regain what is rightfully and morally ours." (Both citations from Andrea Smith, Conquest: Sexual Violence and American Indian Genocide [New York: South End Press, 2005], p. 188.) Prominent AIM leader, Russell Means, has further argued that Native sovereignty could be guaranteed by "free market capitalism" and "the Constitution" (Russell Means,Where White Men Fear to Tread [New York: St Martin's Griffin, 1995], pp. 482, 542). In fact, he filed a lawsuit urging the US court system to expand the infamous Oliphant v. Suquamish decision which prohibits Native governments from arresting non-Native peoples on their land to prohibit them also from arresting Native non-tribal members. TheOliphant decision is largely responsible for the fact that Native women suffer such high rates of violence on reservations. It prohibits tribes from addressing violence in their communities and positions reservations as areas where non-Natives can violate women with impunity. See Amnesty International, "Maze of Injustice", New York, Amnesty International, 2007.
32. Lee Maracle, I Am Woman: A Native Perspective on Sociology and Feminism, 2nd ed. (Vancouver: Press Gang Publishers, 1996), p. 100.
33. The cases decided by the Supreme Court under John Marshall as Chief Justice (1801–35) that are understood as determining Native nations to be domestic, dependent nations.
34. Robert A. Williams, Jr., Like a Loaded Weapon: The Rehnquist Court, Indian Rights, and the Legal History of Racism in America (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2005), p. xxxiii.
35. Ibid., p. 151.
36. Ibid., p. xxix.
37. Sovereignty is "inherently problematic for the dominant non-Indian society and its judges in a way that the more general types of minority individual rights at the center of the struggle for racial equality represented by Brown were not. It's much harder, in other words, to secure recognition and protection for highly novel forms of Indian group rights to self-determination and cultural sovereignty in American society than for the far more familiar types of individualized rights that most other minority groups want protected". (Ibid., pp. xxxv‑xxxvi.)
38. Ibid., p. 164.
39. Ibid., p.xxvii.
40. Ibid., p. 172.
41. Alexander, The New Jim Crow.
42. Scott Richard Lyons, X-Marks: Native Signatures of Assent (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2010).
43. Taiaiake Alfred, Wasáse: Indigenous Pathways of Action and Freedom (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2005).


text:
Planning birthday parties for a 60-year-old woman can be a cinch for anyone. Just choose a theme, plan the menu, and invite everyone over for an event to remember.
Red Hat Party
Send out "hat" invitations to guests, and ask them to wear red and purple. A few Red Hat cookbooks on the market have excellent recipes and ideas. Serving finger foods and appetizers is a must at this party. Games could consist of basic card games, such as "Old Maid" or "Go Fish."
Fabulous '60s Party
Combine turning 60 with a '60s birthday party. Guests can wear '60s attire, hairstyles and makeup. Play popular music from the '60s. Decorate using the number 60. Serve such foods as chips and dip, shrimp cocktail and other appetizers.
Fossil Party
Decorate with "fossil" memorabilia and black and white balloons and streamers. Give gag gifts, such as denture cream or Geritol, to the honoree. Food can be such snacks as chips and dip, miniburgers and punch.
Jane Austen Party
Many women appreciate Jane Austen. Schedule a "lawn picnic" for guests, as in the movie "Emma." Play croquet, then do needlework. Food can be simple tea fare.
Regardless of the theme, do not forget the birthday cake. Put a "60" candle on top.


text:
Replacing Resentment with Self-Love in Your Relationship
When will we become lovable? When will we feel safe? When will we get all the protection, nurturing, and love we so richly deserve? We will get it when we begin giving it to ourselves.
~ Melody Beattie,
Beyond Codependency
As a psychotherapist, I can't count how many times I have seen individuals and couples struggle with building healthy connections in their relationships.
The most common complaint has been that they feel unfulfilled, devalued or unappreciated in relationships with others. It is my professional experience that when we get caught up in what others can do to make us feel good about ourselves, we are likely to become angry and resentful.
So how do you avoid the resentment trap in your relationship?
Four Tips to Avoid the Resentment Trap
1. Ask yourself: Am I being realistic with my expectations?
Perhaps due to unmet needs, you project your disappointments onto people who are incapable of meeting your standards. No one person can meet all of your needs. If this describes you in relationships, you will ultimately set yourself up for feeling unfulfilled and empty. Friendships, work relationships, family and partners all participate in your life in meaningful ways. But in the end, it is up to you to love yourself the way you deserve to be loved.
One common theme of having unrealistic expectations is getting caught up in the fantasy of what a relationship is supposed to look like — for example, having expectations that your "Prince Charming" will sweep you off your feet and all of your troubles will slip magically away. Now if this isn't a resentment waiting to happen, I'm not sure what is!
How many women have dreamed of having their lives turn out like the fairy tale endings of Cinderella and Sleeping Beauty? Realistically, how many women have had those fantasies fulfilled to their expectations?
2. Remind yourself: I am a valuable, lovable human being.
No one person can make you feel good all of the time. You can feel loved in another's presence, but if you choose one person to define how you feel in a relationship, you will be setting yourself up for deep disappointment. If you don't feel good about yourself, begin by acting as if you do by creating a loving mantra and reciting it each morning in front of the mirror before the day begins. Examples may include "I deserve love," "I am lovable," and "I am perfect just the way I am." Recite a mantra often enough and you will begin to believe it!
3. Surround yourself with healthy people.
By healthy people, I mean people who accept you unconditionally. I am talking about people who don't shame you or try to prevent you from making your own decisions. These are individuals who will support you with your day-to-day challenges, accept you for your "human-ness" and are okay with you making mistakes. Write a list of people you know who have these qualities and keep in contact with at least one of them on a daily basis. These are also individuals who you can give you a healthy reality check. If you struggle with an issue that keeps you feeling stuck, ask for their perspective.
4. Focus on self-care.
If you deplete yourself to the point of exhaustion, it is far more likely that you will be vulnerable to wanting your needs met by others. You may possibly go to a child-like place and demand that you get your needs met immediately. I see this sort of thing in my work with clients who are struggling in love-addicted or codependent relationships.
So what is the best remedy for healing the vulnerable child within? Replace your expectations with gentle guidance and nurture yourself through a walk, deep breathing, a yoga class, journaling or meditation. Get to know yourself better.
One exercise I recommend is making an inventory of your strengths and weaknesses. Think deeply about your interests and passions. How can you begin focusing more on the things that bring you joy? You deserve loving care — and who better than yourself to give it to you?
Knudson, L. (2018). Replacing Resentment with Self-Love in Your Relationship. Psych Central. Retrieved on October 27, 2020, from https://psychcentral.com/blog/replacing-resentment-with-self-love-in-your-relationship/
Last reviewed: By a member of our scientific advisory board on 8 Jul 2018
Published on Psych Central.com. All rights reserved.


text:
Nick Kyrgios Bio
- Full name is Nicholas Hilmy Kyrgios
- Started playing tennis aged six
- Father, George, is Greek-Australian; mother, Norlaila, is Malaysian; brother, Christos, is a lawyer, and sister, Halimah, is an actress
- As a junior ranked World No. 1 and won the 2013 Australian Open (d. Kokkinakis); also won Roland Garros and Wimbledon junior doubles title (w/A. Harris)
- Favourite surface are hard and grass courts
- Likes watching basketball and listening to music
- Listens to a variety of music but specifically likes Lil Wayne and Rihanna. When watching TV or movies, likes comedy and watches TV show Family Guy
- Idols growing up were Roger Federer, Rafael Nadal, LeBron James and Michael Jordan
- Has trained at the Australian Institute of Sport since 2012
- Coached by Simon Rea
Return to > Players > N > Nick Kyrgios Profile (Biography)


text:
Submitted by farhan on
<Reader Contribution>
I'm shocked that an infant care teacher was radicalised but more appalled that her parents did not inform the authorities about her! They are religious teachers and yet didn't bother to report her? The news said they also desotryed evidence to minimise her acts!
Shouldn't they be punished too? What if she did something serious? What if she influenced or harmed other people? Will they be answerable? Why didn't they seek professional help for her? She could have been guided away from the path of radicalism if they bothered to speak up. Isn't it selfish to keep quiet about something so serious?
I know it's difficult to report your own family but if you saw signs of her radicalism 2 years ago then you should jolly well have done something about it. Keeping quiet wouldn't help anything. It's natural to protect your child but wrong if you don't inform the authorities about such a serious matter. You may have been afraid for your daughter but it's still just wrong to be so selfish and not think of the wider implications on our society. Shame on you.
Editor's Note:
Do you have a story to share? Please use our submission form or email us at [email protected]. If not, why not give us a 'Like'?


text:
The gestational trophoblastic disease comprises 4 different diseases, i.e. hydatiform mole, invasive mole, choriocarcinoma and placental site tumour. Their common feature is the excretion of HCG and high chemosensitivity (with the exception of the placental site tumour). In the low-risk group the curability reaches 100%, thanks to single-agent therapy with methotrexate or dactinomycin. In the high-risk group, multi-drug chemotherapy is used; the most common regimen is EMA-CO: etoposide, methotrexate, dactinomycin, vincristine and cyclophosphamide. The response rate is about 80%. The presence of brain metastases (10%) requires simultaneous radio- and chemotherapy. Many time, the treatment is preceded by excision of the metastatic tumour on craniotomy. There have been attempts at radiotherapy and/or hepatic arteries embolisation in case of liver metastases (10%). Metastatic lesion in the lungs (80%) require long chemotherapy, but after HCG decreases to normal limits, residual lesions in the lungs are merely radiological findings and do not require further treatment. The management of relapses is a combination of surgery and chemotherapy. The leading regimen is EMA-CE: etoposide, methotrexate, dactinomycin and cisplatin. High-dose chemotherapy with subsequent stem cells transplantation is attempted. Rescue regimens in the recurrent disease are successfully based on paclitaxel, cisplatin and etoposide. The follow-up consists in determination of the serum HCG concentration.
In Poland ovarian cancer is on fifth place regarding morbidity and fourth most common cause of cancer-related death in women. Surgical cytoreduction followed by paclitaxel and platinum-based chemotherapy is standard of care in advanced ovarian cancer. The aim of this study was to assess, if optimal surgical cytoreduction is an independent prognostic factor in this group of patients. Clinical data of 358 women with FIGO stage III ovarian cancer treated in Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Centre – Institute, Warsaw, between 1995 and 1999 were assessed. Primary endpoint was PFS. Multivariable analysis showed that optimal surgical cytoreduction was not independent prognostic factor. Optimal surgery was statistically less frequently performed in older patients (p=0.06; borderline statistical significance), FIGO stage III C and patients with performance status 1 or 2 according to WHO criteria (p<0.001). Grade and FIGO stage were identified as independent prognostic factors for PFS. Median PFS were 11.4 and 5.7 months in optimally and suboptimally cytoreduced group respectively. We conclude that optimal surgical cytoreduction was not independent prognostic factor in this group of patients because there was correlation between surgical resectability and certain clinical factors.
Radiotherapy is, next to surgery, the basic method of treatment in oncology. The intensive searching of the predictive factors for radiotherapy effectiveness, are still continuing. The mechanism of radiotherapy action depends on the cellular oxygen presence. The latest studies evidence, that the molecular oxygen, through the mechanism of fixation, leads to destruction of the DNA damage, caused by the ionizing radiation, repair. Number of studies has demonstrated, that the tumour hypoxia evaluation correlates with radiotherapy effectiveness. However, the universal method assessing the tumour hypoxia does not exist. Actually used methods, as Eppendorf's electrode, the molecular markers of hypoxia evaluation, or PET studies with oxydo-reductive radiopharmaceutical agents, bring conflicting results. So, a lot of doubts about the quantitative and qualitative character of relationship between hypoxia and sensitivity for radiotherapy still exist. Moreover, the analysis is impeded by fact, that the hypoxia has significant negative prognostic influence on the treatment results with radiotherapy, through the genome and proteomic changes induction. The paper presents the actual status of knowledge about the influence of tumour hypoxia on radiotherapy effectiveness.
Rectal cancer incidence among females in Poland increases. Surgery remains the mainstay of treatment. Anterior resection with total mesorectal excision (TME) is the preferred option in the most cases. Some patients have locally advanced tumours or synchronous gynaecologic abnormalities and need extended resections. Objective: Aim of the study was the evaluation of incidence and pattern of concomitant gynaecologic lesions and analysis of impact of multimodality co-operation between surgeon and gynaecologist on functional and oncological outcomes. Material and methods: Consecutive 34 women (age 35-81, mean 59.6) underwent R0 resection with sphincter-preserving TME from 01.1998 to 12.1999 and were studied prospectively. Follow-up period was five years. Results: 9% females underwent hysterectomy or adnexectomy previously. At the time of surgery 36% had abnormal internal genitalia: 15% at the uterus, 6% at ovaries, 6% at uterus and ovaries, in 9% adherence to the rectum was found. In 3% malignant infiltration was microscopically confirmed. No postoperative mortality was noticed. Anastomotic leakage developed in 9%, postoperative bleeding in 3%, delayed wound healing in 12%, prolonged bowel paralysis in 3%, anterior resection syndrome in 6%, urological disturbances in 9%. Isolated local recurrences were found in 6%. 64% five-year overall survival was achieved. Survival rate was 91.7% in Dukes A, 63.6% in B and 36.4% in C (p<0.05). Conclusions: Numerous females with rectal cancer have gynaecologic abnormalities and need extended resections. Due to adequate co-operation of surgeon and gynaecologist and optimal multimodality management, acceptable postoperative morbidity and optimising oncological outcomes can be achieved.
The paper aims to assess the quality of life of patients with ovarian cancer treated by multidrug chemotherapy. Our material includes 383 females treated at the Department of Female Genital Neoplasms of the Centre of Oncology in Warsaw, Poland, since 2001 thru 2004. The study was performed based on the questionnaires QLQ-C30 and QLQ-OV28, supplied by the EORTC bureau in Brussels, Belgium. One subgroup included 280 patients receiving paclitaxel- and platinum-based chemotherapy regimens. Another subgroup of 103 women received Endoxan- and platinum-based chemotherapy. When assessing the patients' quality of life, the following parameters were taken into account: age, clinical stage of neoplasm, completeness of surgical resection and treatment phase. The patients were questioned before institution of chemotherapy, in the middle of treatment (after 3 courses) and after termination of treatment. Based on the results obtained, we may state that clinical stage, completeness of resection and treatment phase have a significant influence on the patients' quality of life, while type of chemotherapy had no impact on the quality of life parameters analysed. Very frequent disorders of emotional and social functioning of the patients usually took the form of reluctant attitude towards the disease and treatment, as well as a negative perception of own body. Predominance of psychological disorders over physical symptoms suggests that maybe a greater emphasis should be placed on psychological care of oncology patients.
Massive bleeding from an extensive, exophytic tumour is a serious complication in treatment of advanced stages of cervical carcinoma. Ligation of the internal iliac artery is an effective, therapeutic procedure in controlling massive bleeding by process of tissue ischaemia. Although in a number of cases, surgical approach requires good anatomical knowledge and skills because of the highly deformed pelvic anatomy due to radiotherapy or to the recurrence of cancerous tissue. The aim of the study was to evaluate internal iliac artery ligation in patient with advanced cervical cancer with massive, life-threatening bleeding. The described patient's case illustrates common clinical course of an advanced stage of a cervical cancer treated with internal iliac artery ligation, when the local methods of haemostasis are ineffective. The extensive cancer process extent unables introduction of haemostatics brachyteraphy. Massive bleeding and progressive anaemia could only be controlled by surgical internal iliac artery ligation. The above described proceeding enables administration of further treatment in a short period of time and improves the quality of patient's life.


text:
Marc Anthony [Muñiz, Marco Antonio]
- Frances R. Aparicio
[Muñiz, Marco Antonio]
(b New York City, Sept 16, 1968). American singer, songwriter, and actor of Puerto Rican ancestry. Named after the famous Mexican singer Marco Antonio Muñiz (b 1933), Marc Anthony has become one of the most famous and important Latino singer-songwriters in the United States. Because of the excellence of his voice and his commitment to his Latino and Caribbean roots, he has become the biggest selling salsa artist of all time, with over 10 million albums sold worldwide. After singing house and freestyle music in English in his early career, Marc Anthony revitalized salsa music with a series of early 1990s musical hits that paved the way for the 1999 Latin pop explosion. He has successfully crossed linguistic borders, singing both in English and Spanish within the same album and thus contesting the label of "crossover." His stage performances and the hybrid musical arrangements that have cast traditional Puerto Rican songs like "Preciosa" and "Lamento borincano" as salsa songs embody his Nuyorican identity in the public space, thus exemplifying the transnational nature of salsa music. Some of his best-known songs in English include "I Need to Know" and "You Sang to Me."...


text: UPDATE: During these current events we are processing orders and shipments as quickly as we can. Delivery timeframes, although improving, are varied for USPS, UPS, FedEx, etc., so please allow additional time as appropriate for your area. Please keep this in mind when placing your orders and feel free to email us with any questions you may have to firstname.lastname@example.com. Thank you for your continued patience!


text:
Ayon vs. Quilge Opie is a battle during the Quincy Blood War in which the chimera monster Ayon takes on Executive Hunting Captain Quilge Opie.
After seeing the Wandenreich capture many of their fellow Arrancar, Emilou Apacci, Franceska Mila Rose, and Cyan Sung-Sun take the offensive, but are quickly defeated by the hunting Captain Quilge Opie.[1] With the three defeated, Ichigo Kurosaki is left to take on Quilge and his three underlings.[2] Outmatched, Quilge releases his Quincy: Vollständig, Biskiel, and begins to demonstrate the power of the Quincy.[3] However, he is interrupted by someone punching him. As he turns around, the beast Ayon knocks him to the ground and stands before him. Behind him, the Tres Bestias cheer Ayon on.[4]
Ayon turns around to his creators for a moment, prompting Mila Rose to ask what he is looking at and Sung-Sun to wonder if he is worrying about them. Appaci then tells Ayon to not worry about them and defeat Quilge.[5]
With this, Ayon lets out a tremendous roar and bursts into a rage. This causes Ichigo and the others to wonder what is Ayon. Apacci explains Ayon is a monster created from their left arms and, since they are not their enemy this time, warns Ichigo, Yasutora Sado and Orihime Inoue to not get in the way if they do not want to be killed, since Ayon cannot determine friend from foe. Ayon rushes Quilge, who takes up a battle stand and simply tells Ayon that a monster like him is incapable of defeating his Vollständig. Ayon quickly punches the Quincy into the air.[6]
Ayon lands a punch right in Quilge's face, knocking him away. He chases his opponent, tearing his wing off and smashing him into the ground. Ayon picks Quilge back up and smashes him multiple times into the ground, causing Orihime and Sado to look on in horror at what appears to be excessive force. Ayon then concludes by slamming Quilge back into the ground with his head buried beneath the sands of Hueco Mundo. Appaci then decides to come up for a closer look, smiling at how Ayon might have gone too far. She expresses how impressed she is with Quilge's durability, considering he is still in one piece after being smashed up by Ayon. However, Quilge surprises Appaci by stabbing her through the chest. As he stands up, his neck is revealed to be broken and he notes that Ayon's power was not included in the report given to him. Snapping his neck back into place, he states he will need to suggest to "his majesty" that the Blut should be strengthened. Mila Rose and Sung-Sun are horrified to see that Quilge survived. Ayon initially gives no reaction to his opponent's lack of injury. Quilge then notes that before he does report to Yhwach, he will have to hurry with their deaths and activates another Quincy technique.[7]
All are wary of Quilge as he activates his technique. Addressing Ayon, he tells the monster that he will be the first to die, but corrects himself and says that he shall be the first to "live." Seeing the danger of Quilge's technique, Mila Rose warns Ayon to not attack, but the warning comes too late as the monster charges at the Quincy again. Sung-Sun and Mila Rose are shocked to see Ayon's body begin to break down and become absorbed by Quilge. Quilge reveals the ability's name as Sklaverei and explains the ability uses a Quincy's basic ability to gather Reishi in the most powerful way: enslaving Reishi. He admits that he did not want to use it because it makes his form to be tainted with "evil", as his new form is revealed to be composed of parts of Ayon.[8]
With Ayon out of the way, the Tres Bestias along with Orihime and Sado are forced to hide. Seeing that they cannot fight Quilge, Mila Rose and Sung-Sun take the injured Apacci and retreat towards Inoue's and Sado's position. Sun-Sun then activates her Muda ability. Quilge remarks that they are truly like beasts with their sensing of the danger of his powers. Mila Rose explains to Sado and Inoue that they are not saving them, but that it would be problematic if their considerable Reiatsu was also absorbed by Quilge. Mila Rose then recognizes Inoue as the "Princesa" that Aizen brought to Hueco Mundo before. As she wonders why Inoue is back, Sung-Sun tells her to talk later. She notes their immediate problem is Quilge's ability to absorb Reishi as they have no chance at winning since everything in both Hueco Mundo and Soul Society is made of Reishi, including their bodies. Sung-Sun briefly explains the mechanisms of her Muda and suggests they try to stay hidden so they move to where Ichigo and his allies are. Unfortunately, Quilge discovers them as he compliments Sung-Sun on a good strategy. He absorbs the dome formed by Sung-Sun's Muda and points out that Sung-Sun's strategy did not take into account the difference in power between him and them. All of them soon find themselves in pain, as Quilge absorbs the Reishi that forms their bodies. Seeing the pain they are in, Quilge points out how ungraceful it is to see the weak die and tells them to perish. Ichigo then intervenes, now in Bankai, and attacks Quilge.[9]
- ↑ Bleach manga, Chapter 488
- ↑ Bleach manga; Chapter 489, pages 6-11
- ↑ Bleach manga; Chapter 490, pages 1-14
- ↑ Bleach; manga; Chapter 491, pages 15-17
- ↑ Bleach manga; Chapter 492, page 1
- ↑ Bleach manga; Chapter 492, pages 2-5
- ↑ Bleach manga; Chapter 492, pages 12-17
- ↑ Bleach manga; Chapter 493, pages 1-6
- ↑ Bleach manga; Chapter 493, pages 7-14


text:
This is the second Australian PGDay after the first in 2013. We aim to organise it every year from now on, rotating through different cities. We like helping the Australia community grow and connecting the different PostgreSQL user groups. The event is a one day conference and networking event, which brings together speakers from across the community to share the latest about Postgres news and updates. The complete schedule will be published shortly. Places are limited so make sure to register. http://2017.pgday.com.au/
Posted by 2ndQuadrant Ltd.
Note: The PostgreSQL Global Development Group does not endorse any events run by third parties. No guarantee of the quality of events is offered whatsoever.


text:
Lone Wolf was originally released on the 2019 album Northern Memory Vol. 1. It tells of the lone wolf's journey through Mongolia, Siberia, and China and the changes that time has made. It is a high power, heavy rock song with a heavy Mongolian flavour with gutteral vocals and a strong driving beat. For
Category Archives: China
Hope was originally released on the 2018 album Sound of the Raging Steppe. It is about working your way through depression and desperation, and then rising out of it with hope and enlightenment. It is a great melodic heavy metal song that sounds great played quiet enough to listen to the intricacies of the
Live And Let Die was originally recorded by Paul McCartney & Wings as the main theme of the 1973 James Bond film Live And Let Die. This is an instrumental version with the vocal and lead parts played on cellos and the accompaniment played on piano. This arrangement gives the song a classical feel


text:
Friday: Hannah came wedding dress shopping with me and was an AMAZING photographer! She made sure I had pictures of every element of all the dresses. She also tried on some veils and high heels which was really fun. After shopping, we went to my fiancé's house and ate a yummy cookie and ice cream desserts and played some games.
Saturday: Hannah was back at Bridal Elegance, pointing out to my grandpa why she did and did not like every dress. She waited anxiously for me to get done at the temple and accompanied me, my mom, and my friends BACK to Bridal Elegance for the third and final time. I ended up getting her second favorite dress- I think her first favorite was more of her personality instead of mine. It was a ball gown cut with a large, full skirt, long train, and a lot of crystal beading. She can pick that one up in about 15 years :). Luckily, she approved of the dress I picked out. I honestly don't think I would've gotten it if she didn't like it. Pretty powerful 8 year old! She then went shopping with us, helped decorate for Danae's reception, ran errands with me, hung out with me at the reception, helped decorate Danae and Nate's car, and even helped clean up. Woah.
Sunday: We took it easy today. We got on the computer with Aaron and looked up Disney songs to listen to and sing with. That was pretty fun :)
I love this little girl with all my heart. God blessed me with a beautiful sister and I am so grateful each and every day for her. She's an incredible athlete, dancer, and singer. She is always happy and LOVES making others happy. I love her pictures she draws for me, the hot pads she's made, posters... I love it all. So for you Hannah- YOU are one of my top reasons that life is amazing!
"A sister is a little bit of childhood that can never be lost." -Marion C. Garretty


text:
Now, ever since I learned to drive, like Erma Bombeck, most of the time, my rear-view mirror has been adjusted to lip-level (don't worry, my fellow Texas drivers - I put it back after the lipstick's on!). But since I started having kids, I taught myself to drive relying solely on my side mirrors to see the cars behind me. My inside rear-view mirror is of little value in traffic. It's faced in one direction: downward, toward the kids in the back seat.
Sad thing is, in a Suburban (or "the truck," as it is affectionately known), and with the volume of kids that are perennially in the truck with me, there is no way I can see all the kids in one mirror. I can get half a head, or if I turn the mirror down, I can see whose hand is pinching whose leg. If I adjust it all the way up, I can see (one at a time) those in the third row, although their hands could be hiding forbidden candy, red (eternally staining) juice, or a sibling caught in a headlock.
Oh, I suppose I could buy one of those fancy mirrors, one that attaches to the visor and is large enough to see all my kids at the same time. Or I could get one that is small but distorted to accomplish the same thing. Wouldn't it be nice if the rear-view mirror were as big as the windshield? Just think of the view!
But there is a good reason rear-view mirrors are just a fraction of the size of the windshield. When I take my eyes off the road, I put my entire family at risk.
So maybe it's okay to have a small mirror, one that is made to be focused on the traffic around, but that can be adjusted, for my purposes, to see inside the truck. I already do too much "parenting" from the driver's seat, anyway, rather than stopping the car when my kids need my full attention. If the mirror were something that I could remove easily, I might forget that the primary purpose of the mirror is for the safety of my kids. And if the mirror were too big, I just might see more than I could handle while operating a moving vehicle!
The limitations of my rear-view mirror make me think a lot about my life as a parent.
As our kids travel along with me on our family's road, God gives me little glimpses, just like the incomplete view I have of my kids in the small rear-view mirror of my car.
Sometimes I see good things happening, like when I catch two of my children voluntarily sharing their snack, or obeying cheerfully. I'm tempted to think, "I'm home free!" and, "What a great parent I am!"
But more often than not, my mirror gets focused on the things that are going wrong: the arguing, the "attitudes," the lack of character. My mirror is often distorted by the discouragement I feel when things don't seem to be progressing as fast as I think they should. Insignificant things take up my whole mirror until I can't see anything else.
Soon, I've taken my eyes off the road, and I forget where we are, how far we've come, or where we're going.
Neither of these is a complete view. Only God can see the whole picture - my children's unique needs as they grow to become the young people of character He wants them to be. It's too big a panorama for me and my limited aperture to capture fully.
That's why I'm glad God gives me a small mirror. Obviously, He knows I can only handle a little at a time. He knows I am easily distracted and need help keeping my eyes on the road ahead. He knows I need lots of help focusing on the big picture.
I'm so thankful He knows the way. Even though I don't see it all clearly right now, and even if I never really do, I still want to steer my truck in His direction.
Now we see but a poor reflection as in a mirror;
then we shall see face to face.
Now I know in part;
then I shall know fully, even as I am fully known.
1 Corinthians 13:12


text: Foneboy How To Easily Download File On Mediafire From Mobile Weep Upwards Using Opera Mini Ziny Kanger 03 Oct 2018 22:01 Cloud file hosting services numbers are growing hence fast these days. They acquaint to response the needs of netizen to host together with part files alongside others, peculiarly on mobile platform. .... [Read More] 0 Comment(s)


text:
Markes' mass spectrometer, the BenchTOF, has played a key role in the ground-breaking research into highly complex mixtures found in Canada's oil sands.
We talked to Professor Steve Rowland, Head of the Petroleum & Environmental Geochemistry Group at Plymouth University, to find out more.
Using two-dimensional gas chromatography and time-of-flight mass spectrometry, we studied highly complex mixtures found in the process water from oil sands, and identified individual naphthenic acids.
Our research also uncovered the presence of tricyclic diamondoid acids, which had never before been considered as naphthenic acids, suggesting an unprecedented degree of biodegradation of some of the oil in the oil sands.
Rapid expansion of the oil sands industry of Canada has raised concerns about the potentially toxic mixtures of naphthenic acids in the process water. Our findings may help to better focus reclamation/remediation strategies for naphthenic acids, as well as in facilitating the identification of its source in contaminated surface waters.
Our research is focused on super-complex mixtures of organic compounds – so complex in fact that conventional gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) just results in a 'hump', with nothing identifiable. GC–MS just didn't work; any mass spectra we could obtain were mass spectra of multiple compounds so we couldn't interpret them.
We needed a method that could separate these super-complex mixtures, which may comprise tens of thousands of chemicals.
With BenchTOF, we could couple time-of-flight mass spectrometry with GC×GC, which offers not just the sum of the efficiencies of two columns but the product of the efficiencies. It offers massive separating power.
Having secured a grant from the European Research Council, which enabled us to purchase a high-quality mass spectrometer, we received tenders from several leading suppliers, including Markes.
We wanted to thoroughly evaluate the various systems, so we got a whole set of test samples of super-complex mixtures and took them to the manufacturers so that we could effectively test their instruments.
I was absolutely delighted when we tested the ALMSCO BenchTOF. The spectra were completely library-searchable and they had molecular ions, even for compounds where molecular ions are not abundant at the best of times. Importantly, this gives us the molecular weight of chemicals.
Most systems work with small molecules with less than 15 carbon atoms, but the BenchTOF works well with larger molecules too. Everything we use is above 15 carbon atoms and it works beautifully. This wasn't the case with some other systems that we tested, where some molecular ions were not very abundant and couldn't be measured reliably.
In fact, we've been so impressed with BenchTOF that we have now bought another one!
What are the other benefits of BenchTOF?
BenchTOF provides us with really good quality mass spectra, which allows us to interpret the super-complex mixtures that we work with. It offers good accuracy – in fact, it offers better accuracy than Markes advertises, and importantly it delivers library-searchable mass spectra. We are probably dealing with more complex mixtures than anyone in the world, so obtaining reference-quality spectra is absolutely essential.
It is also a very easy-to-use system. We have post-docs currently using it who had no previous experience of GC×GC, but after quickly learning about the system from spending a bit of time with the Markes team, they quickly started producing publication-quality data.
The instrument is very robust, and there's definitely a reduced need for downtime. BenchTOF has really stood the test. In fact, it had to be re-installed because we moved labs for a few months and it worked fine all the time. I was amazed.
With a small footprint, it requires no specific environmental pre-requisites in terms of the laboratory which it went into – so there was no fuss in terms of installation.
The software that comes with the BenchTOF is also very good. It's great for use on laptops, as well as on the desktop, which is good because it means I can take data abroad with me to show our collaborators processing in real time.
When compared to other types of TOF, I found it was also very affordable. Getting the most out of the budget is always a major consideration for universities and research centres.
The support has been very good. I've taken out a five-year service contract, and I'm very impressed by the number and quality of engineers that are on-hand to help. There's also remote support available, with diagnostics being undertaken online.
BenchTOF produces over 10,000 spectra every second. How has this speed helped with your research?
The mixtures we work with are so complex it is very important that the mass spectrometer keeps up with the very fast elution through the two GC columns. BenchTOF acquires a huge amount of data, allowing us to go through the mixture carefully and to get nice clean spectra. We haven't needed to push it to its limits, but speed is pretty important to us.
How do other systems and techniques that you've used in the past compare with BenchTOF?
Previously, we have tried GC×GC with a flame ionisation detector – it worked to some degree, but we needed a really good mass spectrometer as a detector. Having had trials with some other mass spectrometers, we found that the mass spectra sometimes didn't have all the key characteristics we expected. Molecular ions were sometimes missing or at least not obvious. It wasn't ideal and often the spectra weren't very searchable against library spectra.
How else have you used BenchTOF?
Working with experts at Markes, we have actually modified one of our BenchTOF instruments, and interfaced it to a high-temperature gas chromatograph. This bespoke system now provides high-temperature GC/MS, which allows us to obtain spectra of compounds with close to 100 carbon atoms.
Because the BenchTOF doesn't have parts that are temperature-sensitive, it can go up to higher temperatures than many conventional instruments. By working with Markes engineers, this feature allowed us to make these innovations.
This new system works beautifully and has received a great deal of positive feedback from contemporaries and colleagues.
BenchTOF delivers full-range spectra at the sensitivity levels of quadrupole instruments running in selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode. What's your experience of this?
In our research we generally look at everything, so we have no real experience of SIM. However, through our work with Environment Canada we have actually patented a method based on use of selected ion mass chromatograms to profile samples of oil sands.
This method helps to give a fingerprint profile for oil sands, making it possible to know which oil sands pollutants are leaking from storage bunds.
What's next for your research?
We are currently working with atmospheric chemists at Birmingham University on pollutants in aerosols. So far, we have run six aerosols using BenchTOF and have got library search matches with virtually every chemical in there; it's superb. With Birmingham University, we have also written a paper based on this research, and submitted it to a leading atmospheric science journal – and they're delighted with it.
We're also working with entomologists at Sheffield University to detect chemicals on the surface of insects. Using high-temperature GC/MS we're able to look at compounds that are much bigger than many others can look at. This research may become important on a world level as invasive species can wipe out whole ecosystems, and finding new chemicals which they may use to communicate with each other is very important. Our research has looked at a variety of species including ants, hornets and bees, and we've shown that there is a whole host of chemicals present on insect surfaces. Previous research suggested that the chemicals stopped at 35 carbon numbers, but we've revealed that they go up to 65 carbon numbers through application of the high-temperature method. It remains to be seen whether these are important in communication – they may not be – but that's what makes research exciting.
Our aim is to undertake a full study of more than 22,000 species, to determine which of the chemicals on their surface are used for communication and how important they are for this purpose.
Another exciting application we're going to undertake involves analysis of meteorite samples from space, which have been given to us by Imperial College. We'll look for evidence of life from organic matter given off by the complex mixture – basically the chemicals that are evident of biosynthesis. It would be a very exciting discovery.
As news of our success has spread, we've had chemists from across the world sending us samples to analyse all sorts of things. In situations where chemists have found that conventional gas chromatography has failed, they turn to us for support. The most recent example is analysis of complex mixtures provided by Australian scientists in some of the oldest rocks on earth, to look for evidence of early life on the planet. As geochemists that really excites us!


text:
25 Free Sports WordPress ThemesPosted on October 30th, 2013. Post Reads 107,416
Are you a BIG Soccer Fan or want to blog about your Horse Riding tips or update Cricket Scores then you have landed on right place. Below is the awesome collection of free sports WordPress theme that you may want to use in your next blog or project. Football Mania { Demo | Free Download } Football Site { Demo | Free Download } Football...