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Gamecocks clinch trip to NCAA Championship
South Carolina advances to national golf tournament for the third consecutive year
The top-seeded South Carolina men's golf team secured its third-straight trip to the NCAA Championship with an incredible run on the back nine in the final round of the NCAA Bremerton Regional on Saturday at Gold Mountain Golf Club's Olympic Course.
As a team, the Gamecocks shot a combined 13-under on the final nine holes to post a total of 274 (-14) to finish the tournament in second place with a 54-hole total of 845 (-19). The four Gamecocks whose scores counted on Saturday combined to shoot 15-under on the back nine without making a bogey.
With the second-place finish, Carolina advances to the NCAA Championship, which will be held May 29-June 3 at Concession Golf Club in Bradenton, Fla.
Four Gamecocks posted rounds in the 60s on Saturday, with junior Matt NeSmith leading the way. NeSmith fired a bogey-free 67 to finish tied for seventh with a total of 210 (-6). The top-10 finish is the 17th of NeSmith's career, which moves him into a tie for fourth on Carolina's career top-10 finishes list with George Bryan IV (2006-10). A native of North Augusta, S.C., NeSmith made the turn at 1-under but birdied four of his first six holes on the back nine and made par the rest of the way to get into the clubhouse at 5-under.
Junior Will Starke and seniors Will Murphy and Caleb Sturgeon all carded rounds of 69 (-3) for the Gamecocks. Starke, who finished tied for 10th with a total of 212 (-4), shot 1-over 37 on the front nine but bounced back with a bogey-free 32 on the back. With the top-10 finish, Starke moved into a tie for seventh with Carl Paulson (1989-93) on Carolina's career top-10 finishes list with 14. Murphy wrapped up the week in a tie for 28th with a total of 217 (+1). A native of Columbia, S.C., Murphy recorded just one bogey on the day and recorded a bogey-free 32 on the back nine. Sturgeon finished tied for 33rd with a total of 219 (+3). He tallied just one bogey on the day, making the turn at even-par 36 and carding a bogey-free 33 (-3) on the back side.
Junior Sean Kelly shot a final-round 75 (+3) to earn his fifth top-20 finish of the season, finishing tied for 20th with a total of 214 (-2).
UAB won the regional with a total of 843 (-21), while Southern California (847), TCU (854) and Washington (854) finished third and tied for fourth, respectively, to advance to the NCAA Championship.
Washington's Cheng-Tsung Pan won medalist honors with a total of 203 (-13). Michigan's Kyle Mueller tied for second with a total of 207 (-9) to earn the individual spot to the NCAA Championship.
Round Changer
The Gamecocks made their move up the leaderboard on the back nine, shooting a combined 13-under as a team. The four Gamecocks who counted on Saturday combined to shoot 15-under without making a bogey.
• The Gamecocks earned their third-straight trip to the NCAA Championship and their 19th all-time.
• Carolina's round of 274 (-14) was the lowest of the day. It is also the Gamecocks' lowest round at a regional since shooting 269 in the final round of the 2009 Southeast Regional.
• The second-place finish is Carolina's 10th top-five finish this season, which is a school record.
• As a team, Carolina shot 13-under on the back nine. The four counters combined to shoot 15-under on the back side without a bogey.
• For the first time this season, the Gamecocks posted four rounds in the 60s.
• Carolina led the field in par-4 scoring with an average of 3.99 (-1).
• The Gamecocks played the par 5s in 9-under on Saturday.
• NeSmith's 67 (-5) was bogey free.
• NeSmith, Starke, Murphy and Sturgeon were all bogey free on the back nine.
• NeSmith's tie for seventh finish is the 17th of his career, which moves him into a tie for fourth on Carolina's career top-10 finishes list with George Bryan IV (2006-10)
• Starke moved into a tie for seventh in career top-10 finishes at Carolina with Carl Paulson (1989-93) with 14.
South Carolina head coach Bill McDonald
"It was very impressive. At the turn we were maybe on the number or just outside the number looking like we might not even qualify. Then a few holes into the back nine we had a chance to win the golf tournament. We just went nuts on the back nine. It was exciting and was some incredible golf. For me as a coach it was just a really fun day for us. I couldn't be more proud of these guys with the way they played with all that pressure on them. It was just amazing."
Up Next
The Gamecocks will open play at the NCAA Championship on May 29. The championship runs through June 3 at Concession Golf Club in Bradenton, Fla.
T7. Matthew NeSmith (1) 71-72-67=210 (-6)
T10. Will Starke (2) 73-70-69=212 (-4)
T20. Sean Kelly (5) 71-68-75=214 (-2)
T28. Will Murphy (3) 73-75-69=217 (+1)
T33. Caleb Sturgeon (4) 77-73-69=219 (+3)
2. South Carolina 288-283-274=845 (-19)
3. Southern California 281-288-278=847 (-17)
T4. Washington 287-290-277=854 (-10)
6. Baylor 293-280-289=862 (-2)
7. Michigan 292-288-283=863 (-1)
8. Iowa State 287-287-295=869 (+5)
T9. UC Davis 289-295-286=870 (+6)
11. Pepperdine 292-295-293=880 (+16)
12. Sam Houston State 300-295-288=883 (+19)
13. Cleveland State 305-291-295=891 (+27)
14. South Dakota 298-304-296=898 (+34)


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Chrysler Group LLC /ˈkraɪslər/ is an American automobile manufacturer headquartered in Auburn Hills, Michigan. It is a consolidated subsidiary of Italian multinational automaker Fiat.[2][3] Chrysler is one of the "Big Three" American automobile manufacturers. It sells vehicles worldwide under its flagship Chrysler brand, as well as the Dodge, Jeep, and Ram brands; it also manufactures vehicles sold under the Fiat brand in North America. Other major divisions of Chrysler include Mopar, its automotive parts and accessories division, and SRT, its performance automobile division. In 2011, Chrysler Group (not including Fiat) was the twelfth biggest automaker in the world by production.[4]
The Chrysler Corporation was founded by Walter Chrysler in 1925,[5] out of what remained of the Maxwell Motor Company. Chrysler greatly expanded in 1928 when it acquired the Fargo truck company and the Dodge Brothers Company and began selling vehicles under those brands; that same year it also established the Plymouth and DeSoto automobile brands. In the 1970s a number of factors including the 1973 oil crisis impacted Chrysler's sales, and by the late 1970s, Chrysler was on the verge of bankruptcy. Lee Iacocca was brought in as CEO and is credited with returning the company to profitability in the 1980s. In 1987, Chrysler acquired American Motors Corporation, which brought the profitable Jeep brand under the Chrysler umbrella.
In 1998 Chrysler merged with German automaker Daimler-Benz AG to form DaimlerChrysler; the merger proved contentious with investors and Chrysler was sold to Cerberus Capital Management and renamed Chrysler LLC in 2007. Like the other Big Three automobile manufacturers, Chrysler was hit hard by the automotive industry crisis of 2008–2010 and along with General Motors received billions of dollars in loans from the United States government in late 2008 and early 2009 to prevent both companies from shutting down. Chrysler filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy reorganization on April 30, 2009. On June 10, 2009 Chrysler emerged from the bankruptcy proceedings with the United Auto Workers pension fund, Fiat, and the U.S. and Canadian governments as principal owners. Over the next few years Fiat gradually acquired the other parties' shares to take majority ownership of the company.
The company was founded by Walter Chrysler (1875–1940) on June 6, 1925,[6][7] when the Maxwell Motor Company (est. 1904) was re-organized into the Chrysler Corporation.[8][9]
Walter Chrysler arrived at the ailing Maxwell-Chalmers company in the early 1920s. He was hired to overhaul the company's troubled operations (after a similar rescue job at the Willys-Overland car company).[10] In late 1923 production of the Chalmers automobile was ended.[11]
In January 1924, Walter Chrysler launched the well-received Chrysler automobile. The Chrysler was a 6-cylinder automobile, designed to provide customers with an advanced, well-engineered car, but at a more affordable price than they might expect. (Elements of this car are traceable to a prototype which had been under development at Willys during Chrysler's tenure).[12] The original 1924 Chrysler included a carburetor air filter, high compression engine, full pressure lubrication, and an oil filter, features absent from most autos at the time.[13][14] Among the innovations in its early years were the first practical mass-produced four-wheel hydraulic brakes, a system nearly completely engineered by Chrysler with patents assigned to Lockheed, and rubber engine mounts to reduce vibration.
Chrysler also developed a wheel with a ridged rim, designed to keep a deflated tire from flying off the wheel. This wheel was eventually adopted by the auto industry worldwide.
Following the introduction of the Chrysler, the Maxwell brand was dropped after the 1925 model year. The new, lower-priced four-cylinder Chryslers introduced for the 1926 year were badge-engineered Maxwells.[15] The advanced engineering and testing that went into Chrysler Corporation cars helped to push the company to the second-place position in U.S. sales by 1936, a position it would last hold in 1949.
In 1928, the Chrysler Corporation began dividing its vehicle offerings by price class and function. The Plymouth brand was introduced at the low-priced end of the market (created essentially by once again reworking and rebadging Chrysler's four-cylinder model).[16] At the same time, the DeSoto brand was introduced in the medium-price field. Also in 1928, Chrysler bought the Dodge Brothers[17] automobile and truck company and continued the successful Dodge line of automobiles and Fargo range of trucks. By the mid-1930s, the DeSoto and Dodge divisions would trade places in the corporate hierarchy.
The Imperial name had been used since 1926, but was never a separate make, just the top-of-the-line Chrysler. In 1955, the company decided to spin it off as its own make and division to better compete with its rivals, Lincoln and Cadillac.
File:Chryslyer imperial all transistor car radio audio sound news clip.ogg
On April 28, 1955, Chrysler and Philco had announced the development and production of the World's First All-Transistor car radio.[18] The all-transistor car radio Mopar model 914HR, was developed and produced by Chrysler and Philco, and was an $150.00 "option" on the 1956 Imperial car models. Philco was the company, who had manufactured the all-transistor car radio Mopar model 914HR, starting in the fall of 1955 at its Sandusky Ohio plant, for the Chrysler corporation.[19][20][21]
On September 28, 1957, Chrysler had announced the first production electronic fuel injection (EFI), as an option on some of its new 1958 car models (Chrysler 300D, Dodge D500, DeSoto Adventurer, Plymouth Golden Commando V-8). The first attempt to use this system was by American Motors on the 1957 Rambler Rebel.[22][23] Bendix Corporation's Electrojector used a transistor computer brain modulator box, but teething problems on pre-production cars meant very few cars were made.[24] The EFI system in the Rambler ran fine in warm weather, but suffered hard starting in cooler temperatures and AMC decided not to use this EFI system, on its 1957 Rambler Rebel production cars that were sold to the public.[23] Chrysler also used the Bendix "Electrojector" fuel injection system and only around 35 vehicles were built with this option, on its 1958 production built car models.[25][26]
Imperial would see new body styles introduced every two to three years, all with V8 engines and automatic transmissions, as well as technologies that would filter down to Chrysler corporation's other models. Imperial was folded back into the Chrysler brand in 1973.
The Valiant was also introduced for 1960 as a distinct brand. In the U.S. market, Valiant was made a model in the Plymouth line for 1961 and the DeSoto make was discontinued during 1961. With those exceptions per applicable year and market, Chrysler's range from lowest to highest price from the 1940s through the 1970s was Valiant, Plymouth, Dodge, DeSoto, Chrysler, and Imperial.[27]
Chrysler acquired the Jeep brand as part of the purchase of American Motors (AMC) on August 5, 1987, for somewhere between US$1.7 billion and $2 billion, depending on how costs were counted.[28] Chrysler then established the Jeep/Eagle division, along with the Eagle brand that was discontinued a decade later as part of the DaimlerChrysler merger at that time. In 2001, the Plymouth brand was also discontinued. Currently, Dodge is the full line automobile brand, with the Chrysler brand marketing upscale cars. The Jeep brand focuses on SUVs, while the Ram brand offers small commercial vans and a variety of pick-up trucks. Earlier in October, 2012, inaccurate reports had suggested that Chrysler's Jeep brand is considering moving "all production to China." However, the company rejected the reports and the group's Chief Executive Sergio Marchionne reaffirmed that the company is not moving Jeep vehicle production out of the United States to China after it became an issue in the U.S. presidential campaign.[29]
In 1998, Chrysler and its subsidiaries entered into a partnership dubbed a "merger of equals" with German-based Daimler-Benz AG, creating the combined entity DaimlerChrysler AG.[30] To the surprise of many stockholders, Daimler subsequently acquired Chrysler in a stock swap,[31] after the retirement of Chrysler CEO Bob Eaton. Under DaimlerChrysler, the company was named DaimlerChrysler Motors Company LLC, with its U.S. operations generally called the "Chrysler Group". On May 14, 2007, DaimlerChrysler announced the sale of 80.1% of Chrysler Group to American private equity firm Cerberus Capital Management, L.P., thereafter known as Chrysler LLC, although Daimler (renamed as Daimler AG) continued to hold a 19.9% stake.[32] The deal was finalized on August 3, 2007.[33] On April 27, 2009, Daimler AG signed a binding agreement to give up its remaining 19.9% stake in Chrysler LLC to Cerberus Capital Management and pay as much as $600 million into the automaker's pension fund.[34] Three days later, Chrysler declared bankruptcy. The U.S. Treasury Department announced that it would loan Chrysler $8 billion, adding to the $4 billion in loans it had already received, to get it through bankruptcy.[35]
The sale of substantially all of Chrysler's assets to "New Chrysler", organized as Chrysler Group LLC was completed on June 10, 2009. The federal government provided support for the deal with US$6.6 billion in financing, which was paid to "Old Chrysler", and a newly formed company called Old Carco LLC took over the remaining assets and liabilities, which remained in Chapter 11 bankruptcy.[36] This transfer excluded eight manufacturing sites, the majority of real estate holdings, and equipment leases. Contracts with 789 dealers in the U.S. were also excluded.[37][38] On May 24, 2011, Chrysler repaid its $7.6 billion loans to the United States and Canadian governments.[39][40]
On July 21, 2011, Fiat bought the Chrysler shares held by the United States Treasury.[41] With the purchase, Chrysler once again became foreign owned; this time Italian car maker Fiat gained majority ownership and control of Chrysler.[42] The United States government's involvement in the Chrysler bankruptcy cost $1.3 billion.[42]
It is reported that Chrysler was heavy on fleet sales in 2010, hitting as high as 56 percent of total sales in February of that year. For the whole year, 38 percent of sales of Chrysler were to fleet customers. The industry average was 19 percent. However, the company hopes to reduce its fleet sales to the industry average in 2011 with a renewed product lineup.[46]
Chrysler is the smallest of the "Big Three" U.S. automakers (Chrysler Group LLC, Ford Motor Company, and General Motors).
Chrysler is the world's 13th largest vehicle manufacturer as ranked by OICA in 2010.[47] Total Chrysler vehicle production was about 1.58 million that year. Yanase Co., Ltd. is currently the exclusive retailer of all imported Chrysler products (Chrysler, Jeep, Dodge) to Japanese consumers.
In 2007, Chrysler began to offer vehicle lifetime powertrain warranty for the first registered owner or retail lessee.[48] The deal covered owner or lessee in U.S., Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands, for 2009 model year vehicles, and 2006, 2007 and 2008 model year vehicles purchased on or after July 26, 2007. Covered vehicles excluded SRT models, Diesel vehicles, Sprinter models, Ram Chassis Cab, Hybrid System components (including transmission), and certain fleet vehicles. The warranty is non-transferable.[49] After Chrysler's restructuring, the warranty program was replaced by five-year/100,000 mile transferrable warranty for 2010 or later vehicles.[50]
In 2008, as a response to customer feedback citing the prospect of rising gas prices as a top concern, Chrysler launched the "Let's Refuel America" incentive campaign, which guaranteed new-car buyers a gasoline price of $2.99 for three years.[51] With the U.S. purchase of eligible Chrysler, Jeep and Dodge vehicles, customers could enroll in the program and receive a gas card that immediately lowers their gas price to $2.99 a gallon, and keeps it there for the three years.
Chrysler plans for Lancia to codevelop products, with some vehicles being shared. Olivier Francois, Lancia's CEO, was appointed to the Chrysler division in October 2009. Francois plans to reestablish the Chrysler brand as an upscale brand.[52]
From Oct 2009, Dodge's car and truck line were split into two, "Dodge" for cars, minivans and crossovers and "Ram" for light and medium duty trucks and other commercial-use vehicles.[53]
In 2011, Chrysler unveiled their new "Imported From Detroit" campaign with ads featuring Detroit rapper Eminem, one of which aired during the Super Bowl. The campaign highlights the rejuvenation of the entire product lineup, which includes the new, redesigned and repackaged 2011 200 sedan and 200 convertible, the Chrysler 300 sedan and the Chrysler Town & Country minivan.[64][65] As part of the campaign, Chrysler sold a line of clothing items featuring the Monument to Joe Louis, with proceeds being funneled to Detroit-area charities, including the Boys and Girls Clubs of Southeast Michigan, Habitat for Humanity Detroit and the Marshall Mathers Foundation.[66] Following the Eminem ad, there was also an ad for Detroit Lions defensive tackle Ndamukong Suh driving a Chrysler 300 to Portland, Or., to visit his mother, an ad featuring Detroit-born fashion designer John Varvatos cruising through a shadowy Gotham while Kevin Yon's familiar baritone traces the designer's genesis.[67]
In March 2011, Chrysler Group LLC filed a lawsuit against Moda Group LLC (owner of Pure Detroit clothing retailer) for copying and selling merchandise with the "Imported from Detroit" slogan.[68] Chrysler claimed it had notified defendant of its pending trademark application February 14, but the defendant argued Chrysler had not secured a trademark for the "Imported From Detroit" phrase. On June 18, 2011, U.S. District Judge Arthur Tarnow ruled that Chrysler's request didn't show that it would suffer irreparable harm or that it had a strong likelihood of winning its case. Therefore Pure Detroit's owner, Detroit retailer Moda Group LLC, can continue selling its "Imported from Detroit" products. Tarnow also noted that Chrysler doesn't have a trademark on "Imported from Detroit" and rejected the automaker's argument that trademark law isn't applicable to the case.[69][70] In March 2012, Chrysler Group LLC and Pure Detroit agreed to a March 27 mediation to try to settle the lawsuit over the clothing company's use of "Imported from Detroit" slogan.[71] Pure Detroit stated that Chrysler has made false claims about the origins of three vehicles - Chrysler 200, Chrysler 300 and Chrysler Town & Country - none of which are built in Detroit. Pure Detroit also said that Chrysler's Imported From Detroit merchandise is not being made in Detroit.
Chrysler's Jefferson North Assembly which makes the Jeep Grand Cherokee and Dodge Durango is the only car manufacturing plant of any company remaining in Detroit.[72]
In 2011, Eminem settled a lawsuit against Audi alleging the defendant had ripped off the Chrysler 300 Super Bowl commercial in the Audi A6 Avant ad.[73]
Again in 2012, Chrysler advertised during the Super Bowl. Its two-minute February 5, 2012 Super Bowl XLVI advertisement was titled "Half Time in America". The ad drew criticism from several leading U.S. conservatives, who suggested that its messaging implied that President Obama deserved a second term and, as such, was political payback for Obama's support for the federal bailout of the company.[74] Asked about the criticism in a 60 Minutes interview with Steve Kroft, Sergio Marchionne responded "just to rectify the record I paid back the loans at 19.7% Interest. I don't think I committed to do to a commercial on top of that" and characterized the Republican reaction as "unnecessary and out of place".[75]
Chrysler is in the Advisory Council of the PHEV Research Center.
Fiat Auto plans to sell seven of its vehicles in the U.S. by 2014, while Fiat-controlled Chrysler Group is to supply nine models to sell under Fiat brands in the European market, according to a five-year plan rolled out on April 21, 2010 in Turin, Italy, by Fiat and Chrysler CEO Sergio Marchionne. At least five of the Fiat Auto models are expected to be marketed in the U.S. under its Alfa Romeo brand. Showing the level of integration envisioned, a product introduction timeline shows Chrysler-built compact and full-size SUVs going on sale in 2012 and 2014, respectively, in both European and North American markets.[76]
First introduced as MyGig, Chrysler Uconnect is a system that brings interactive ability to the in-car radio and telemetric-like controls to car settings.[77] Internet connectivity using any Chrysler, Dodge, Jeep or Ram vehicle, via a Wi-Fi "hot-spot", is also available via Uconnect Web. According to Chrysler LLC, the hotspot range will extend approximately 100 feet (30 m) from the vehicle in all directions, and will combine both Wi-Fi and Sprint's 3G cellular connectivity. Uconnect is available on several current and was available on several discontinued Chrysler models including the Chrysler 300, Aspen, Sebring, Town and Country, Dodge Avenger, Caliber, Grand Caravan, Challenger, Charger, Journey, Nitro, and Ram.[78]
The first electric vehicle produced by Chrysler was the 1992 Dodge EPIC concept minivan. In 1993, Chrysler began to sell a limited-production electric minivan called the TEVan; however, this minivan did not gain much popularity throughout its lifetime. In 1997, a second generation, called the EPIC, was released. It was discontinued after 1999.
Chrysler intended to pursue new drive concepts through ENVI, an in-house organization formed to focus on electric-drive vehicles and related technologies which was established in September 2007. In August 2009, Chrysler took US$70 million in grants from the U.S. Department of Energy to develop a test fleet of 220 hybrid pickup trucks and minivans. ENVI was disbanded by November 2009.[79]
The first hybrids of Chrysler, Chrysler Aspen hybrid and Dodge Durango hybrid, were discontinued a few months after production in 2008.[80]
Chrysler continues to develop the Ram hybrid.
Chrysler has also been experimenting with a Hybrid Diesel truck for military applications.
However, Chrysler/Fiat CEO Sergio Marchionne has said that Chrysler and Fiat both plan to focus primarily on alternative fuels, such as CNG and diesel, instead of hybrid and electric drivetrains for their consumer products.[81]
During World War II, essentially all of Chrysler's facilities were devoted to building military vehicles (the Jeep brand came later, after Chrysler acquired American Motors Corporation).[82] They were also designing V12 and V16 hemi-engines producing 2,500 hp (1,864 kW; 2,535 PS) for airplanes, but they did not make it into production as jets were developed and were seen as the future for air travel.[83]
When the Radiation Laboratory at MIT was established in 1941 to develop microwave radars, one of the first projects resulted in the SCR-584, the most widely recognized radar system of the war era. This system included a parabolic antenna six feet in diameter that was mechanically aimed in a helical pattern (round and round as well as up and down).
One of Chrysler's most significant contributions to the war effort was not in the field of vehicles but in the radar field. For the final production design of this antenna and its highly complex drive mechanism, the Army's Signal Corps Laboratories turned to Chrysler's Central Engineering Office. There, the parabola was changed from aluminum to steel, allowing production forming using standard automotive presses. To keep weight down, 6,000 equally spaced holes were drilled in the face (this had no effect on the radiation pattern). The drive mechanism was completely redesigned, using technology derived from Chrysler's research in automotive gears and differentials. The changes resulted in improved performance, reduced weight, and easier maintenance. A large portion of the Dodge plant was used in building 1,500 of the SCR-584 antennas as well as the vans used in the systems.[84][85]
In April 1950, the U.S. Army established the Ordnance Guided Missile Center (OGMC) at Redstone Arsenal, adjacent to Huntsville, Alabama. To form OGMC, over 1,000 civilian and military personnel were transferred from Fort Bliss, Texas. Included was a group of German scientists and engineers led by Wernher von Braun; this group had been brought to America under Project Paperclip. OGMC designed the Army's first short-range ballistic missile, the PGM-11 Redstone, based on the WWII German V-2 missile. Chrysler established the Missile Division to serve as the Redstone prime contractor, setting up an engineering operation in Huntsville and for production obtaining use from the U.S. Navy of a large plant in Warren, Michigan. The Redstone was in active service from 1958 to 1964; it was also the first missile to test-launch a live nuclear weapon, first detonated in a 1958 test in the South Pacific.[86]
Working together, the Missile Division and von Braun's team greatly increased the capability of the Redstone, resulting in the PGM-19 Jupiter, a medium-range ballistic missile. In May 1959, a Jupiter missile launched two small monkeys into space in a nose cone; this was America's first successful flight and recovery of live space payloads. Responsibility for deploying Jupiter missiles was transferred from the Army to the Air Force; armed with nuclear warheads, they were first deployed in Italy and Turkey during the early 1960s.[87]
In July 1959, NASA chose the Redstone missile as the basis for the Mercury-Redstone Launch Vehicle to be used for suborbital test flights of the Project Mercury spacecraft. Three unmanned MLRV launch attempts were made between November 1960 and March 1961, two of which were successful. The MLRV successfully launched the chimpanzee Ham, and astronauts Alan Shepard and Gus Grissom on three suborbital flights in January, May and July 1961.
America's more ambitious manned space travel plans included the design of the Saturn series of heavy-lift launch vehicles by a team headed by Wernher von Braun. Chrysler's Huntsville operation, then designated the Space Division, became Marshall Space Flight Center's prime contractor for the first stage of the Saturn I and Saturn IB versions. The design was based on a cluster of Redstone and Jupiter fuel tanks, and Chrysler built it for the Apollo program in the Michoud Assembly Facility in East New Orleans, one of the largest manufacturing plants in the world. Between October 1961 and July 1975, NASA used ten Saturn Is and nine Saturn IBs for suborbital and orbital flights, all of which were successful;[88] Chrysler missiles and boosters never suffered a launch failure. The division was also a subcontractor which modified one of the Mobile Launcher Platforms for use with the Saturn IB rockets using Saturn V infrastructure.
1. [2] Fiat is exercising their right to increase their share in the company, and have announced that they want to buy an additional ~6.6% of the shares from VEBA Trust, but VEBA disagrees with the price set by Fiat. The matter is currently the subject of proceedings at Delaware Chancery Court.[1]
Michigan, Detroit, General Motors, Globalization, Oclc
Aloha Bowl, Jeep, Christmas, National Collegiate Athletic Association, San Francisco
France, Nice, Mercedes-Benz, Vienna, Austria
Chrysler LeBaron, Chrysler Cirrus, Chrysler Voyager, Chrysler 200, Chrysler New Yorker
United States, Canada, Chrysler, Automatic transmission, American Motors

subset: commoncrawl


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It has been five weeks since I returned from the second wedding of this summer. Although, it's not really summer anymore, is it? I don't know about where you are, but my furnace has been running already. I had a job at this wedding. I was the photographer, so there is no funny story of Bailey's and me and brother-in-laws. I did not start one single argument. I'm so proud of myself.
I did post The Case of the Haunted Church « Savanvleck's Weblog already, and a good mom/grandma story Grandma gets blasted « Savanvleck's Weblog that occurred at the wedding.
I have heard the average cost of a wedding is $20,000, and I have to wonder why that money is not put down on a house, and a party held instead. The two weddings I attended this summer were both wonderful events but I am sure neither one came anywhere near that cost.
Wedding one was held outdoors in their yard and, while professionals set up the tent, and there was a fantastic string quartet, oh, and do not forget the vegetarian catering that was out-of-this world. A lot of the wedding was set up by relatives and the groom's mother/baker made an absolutely delicious cake. This niece had also asked me to photograph her wedding and I really felt bad about turning her down but I was not sure I was physically up to it and I did not have backup's of equipment or energy.
True to Murphy's law, my camera malfunctioned during the second ceremony. The "going down the aisle" pictures were bad quality and some totally blurry as there was suddenly a lag time in my shutter and my flash was not functioning well either. It was almost like a near dead battery but once out of the chapel, my camera was fine. So, either the chapel was haunted or their massive sound equipment system interfered. I asked the bride's uncle if he had gotten the kiss, he said that he had but that he was also having a problem with his camera in the chapel.
Both weddings were celebrations of love and fun parties, without breaking the bank.
The second wedding was a community and relative supported event. Friends and family cooked and set up the buffet. Mother of the Bride, having been a volunteer fireman and now an EMT, rented the fire hall (it was a great place for the reception), and I believe a friend did the cakes and another friend the flowers. I, great aunt of the bride, contributed by taking the photos. I had photographed her mom and dad's wedding. When I was full of Bailey's and a bit irate at what I saw the first wedding photographer doing, my niece (crafty woman she is) came over and took advantage of my weakness and asked me again to please do the photos. I agreed and I had a great time doing it.
I had my reservations about doing it, originally, but I found out that if I can push myself enough to shoot photos for twelve hours in a day, I can do a lot more on my rehab than I am doing. It was a good lesson and I had a great time doing it. Just wish I could go back and do the first one, because I had that much fun.
The bride and groom are settling into their new home in Arizona, so I hope they will not object if I post a photo, or two, to share with you.
This is the family. Left is my mom (Great grandmother of the bride). And, she holds the arm of brother-in-law. His wife, my sister, is in the black dress with blue flowers (on the right). The other "just married" couple is right behind my sister.
Here is my favorite picture. It is the bride and one of her bridesmaids. What a beautiful smile.


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This week's must-see art shows
With July Fourth falling on a Monday this year, it's going to be a luxuriously long holiday weekend. Whether you're grilling, camping, or taking in a fireworks show, there's also plenty of great stuff happening on the Twin Cities art scene to supplement your outdoor fun.
"CONFLUENCE: Geography, History, and Culture at the Intersection of the Mississippi and Minnesota Rivers"
Where it's at: Marsden/Gustafson Gallery at IFP MN, 550 Vandalia St., #120, St. Paul.
What it's about: A 2015 recipient of the Minnesota State Arts Board Artist Initiative Grant, Luke Erickson exhibits his photographs of Minnesota's great rivers — including the Mississippi, the Minnesota, and the St. Croix — this week at IFP. Using digital and analog rangefinder cameras recalling a documentary tradition, Erickson highlights the rivers' historic, economic, and social significance — as well as the work we need to do to preserve and protect them.
Why you should go: Like the air we breathe, the water we drink is so second nature that sometimes we take it for granted. It's only when disasters happen, like the Flint water crisis, that we're jolted into remembering how vital these resources are to our very survival. Erickson helps remind us of how water remains a cornerstone of our existence by showcasing Minnesota's rivers.
When: 5-9 p.m. Thursday, June 30. "Coarsely Fashioned Beauties"
Where it's at: TuckUnder Projects, 5120 York Ave. S., Minneapolis.
What it's about: Ceramic artist Lynn Wadsworth exhibits her sculptural work for the latest art opening at TuckUnder Projects, located in a home in southwest Minneapolis. The show also features a number of artists' pieces on display in different parts of the house and yard. Andy Delaney and Lauren Flynn will be sharing ink-jet prints on fabric in an installation called All that is known by people. Other artists to check out include ceramic artist Marisha Erickson; Julia Helen Rice, who is continuing her front yard durational sculpture; Meena Manalvedhekar; Reid Oyen; and an anonymous collective called the Patch of Harald Szeemann.
Why you should go: There's something very attractive about art openings that take place at somebody's house, as it's a more relaxed environment than a traditional gallery or museum. Openings at TuckUnder Projects often feel more like hanging out at a summer party, with cool local art on exhibit as a bonus.
When: 6-9 p.m. Thursday.
Where it's at: Gamut Gallery, 717 S. 10th St., Minneapolis.
What it's about: After co-curating a tribute exhibition for David Bowie back in April, Erin Sayer now brings a second event to Gamut Gallery, this time honoring Minnesota's own musical hero, Prince, who died just a week before the Bowie show opened. The party features over 60 artists celebrating the Purple One, a mural out back by Sayer and Liseli Polivka, a projection of Purple Rain, and DJ sets on all three nights of the exhibition.
Why you should go: From the moment Prince died, it became an inevitable that this would be a year filled with tribute shows of every kind as fans grapple with the loss of such a great artist. This one is not to be missed, with three whole nights dedicated to Prince.
When: 7-11 p.m. Thursday through Saturday, tickets are $10 Thursday and $5 Friday and Saturday.
"ArtPlusOne Series: Silvana Ravena"
Where it's at: Veronique Wantz Gallery, 121 N. First. St., Minneapolis.
What it's about: This week, Veronique Wantz Gallery launches a new "meet the artist" event in conjunction with its ArtPlusOne Series, which will feature the work of a solo artist. First up is Silvana LaCreta Ravena, who will be showing new pieces from her Interdimensional series, incorporating psychological concepts like memory, passage of time, and connection in her abstract works. Ravena will demonstrate her process throughout the evening. Guests will also have a chance to participate in a raffle to win her demo painting, with proceeds going to WARM.
Why you should go: How does an artist take an empty canvas and turn it into something that you might see on a gallery wall? With this event, visitors get a chance to go "behind the scenes," watching an artist in the midst of the creation process. The experience just might give you a better appreciation for the end result.
When: 5-8 p.m. Thursday.


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- 2008 Audi A6 Wagon
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Note: This performance review was created when the 2008 Audi A6 Wagon was new.
Praise for the 2008 Audi A6 Avant's road manners is muted, but most are pleased with the wagon's capabilities compared to others in its class. Car and Driver says, "The ride is firm but without the harshness associated with sporting models, and the A6 Avant is great fun to drive, maybe the most fun you can have in a station wagon."
Cars.com adds, "Confident handling and sure-footed all-wheel drive are the A6's strongest attributes." AutoWeek seconds, stating the A6 Avant's 3.2-liter engine, Tiptronic transmission and Quattro all-wheel drive "are all endearing stuff."
The A6 Avant's only engine produces adequate, but not overwhelming power. Cars.com says the engine "doesn't qualify as a powerhouse, but acceleration is quite satisfying with the V-6." The 3.2-liter V6 engine makes 255 horsepower and 243 pound-feet of torque. It has drive-by-wire throttle control and direct fuel injection. According to the Environmental Protection Agency, the 2008 A6 Avant rates at 17 miles per gallon in the city and 25 mpg on highways.
The 2008 Audi A6 Avant also has one transmission -- a six-speed automatic with Tiptronic ® and automatic shift lock. Cars.com notes it "responds promptly and effectively ... and delivers a civilized experience." The Tiptronic mode allows drivers to override the automatic mode and then control most of the car's shifting operations. According to some, Tiptronic mode gives the best driving experience. The Los Angeles Times says, "You have to switch over to the tranny's Sport mode or pick your gears with the steering wheel's manumatic paddles to bring the car to life."
The A6 Avant's suspension, steering and brakes present a ride that's typical Audi. To the Boston Globe the ride is stiff, "but European enthusiasts -- and increasingly, many in the United States -- prefer the ride to be firm and stable, not rocking and rolling." Forbes adds that the A6 Avant "excels at isolating occupants from road irregularities while offering agility and responsiveness for spirited driving."
The A6 has a four-link front axle with an anti-roll bar and shock absorbers; the rear axle is trapezoidal-link with shock absorbers. The components works together to react "promptly but not excessively," as Cars.com says. They add that the A6 "can cope with most road roughness." And the wagon's anti-lock brakes were "pretty near heroic," says the Los Angeles Times.
The A6 Avant receives further distinction as a road handler thanks to its Quattro permanent all-wheel drive system. According to the Washington Post, "There was never a moment when the A6 Avant ... showed signs of losing its grip or composure."
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It has been way too long since I have written a blog post which also means that it has been way too long since adventuring. Sometimes life just gets in the way of plans. However, I am determined to bring back fun posts more frequently–starting now!
This past weekend, we headed to Traverse City for our belated Christmas celebration with my Mother-in-law, Denise and family. I am excited to share that we also fit in a small adventure during our travels. On Sunday, we went to Escape Routes–Traverse City's real life escape rooms.
Escape rooms are a newer craze and my husband, Garrin, went to a work event at a local venue for this activity for the first time this past December. His adventure was actually in the dark with flashlights and they did not escape the room. I had never personally tried an escape room so I was excited to check out such an activity though I admit I was happy our event was not in the dark.
Escape Routes allows 2-10 participants within the escape room where you have sixty minutes to search hidden compartments, find the clues, solve assorted puzzles and ultimately escape the room! Each room has a theme.
The name of our room was "Orchestr8 The Exit" and as you may have guessed it was a musical mystery theme. The main goal of our scavenger hunt was to locate the stolen golden record and, of course, unlock the room within the hour.
Things of interest:
- A city ordinance did not allow the room to actually be locked (this is not the case at some venues) so there was a lock next to the door that you had to succeed in unlocking to "escape" the room.
- Our hostess remained in the room during our hunt, unobtrusively, watching our problem solving skills.
- We had 3 secret tickets to locate and we could turn one in to the hostess at any time for a hint helping with puzzles currently in progress.
- A large clock counted down the time and certain elements of the room were just for decoration.
Besides Garrin & myself, my mother in law, stepfather in law and fourteen year old adopted sister joined in the fun. We diligently tried to solve puzzles and find clues in this room that was probably 10 by 12 foot. We looked in cabinets, searched furniture, searched books and scavenged the area to locate clues and solve puzzles to unlock many boxes and compartments.
It was challenging and a lot of fun. We DID use all our secret tickets and needed the hints. Ultimately, we DID NOT escape the room within the sixty minutes. However, we were allowed to continue after the time ended and, with the help of our hostess, found the golden record to unlock the lock. It only took an extra 8 minutes.
I would definitely like to try this activity again and it will be interesting to see if we are able to develop "escape" skills with more practice.


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Below, a tearsheet of Experience advertisement showing featured poster model in the center.
The only known original poster art work from Henry Clive's tenure as illustrator for Paramount Films. An original oil on illustration board for George Hobart's 1921 film, "Experience."
The characters in this piece were all given allegorical names with stars including Richard Barthelmess as "Youth," and depicted in this illustration is Helen Ray as "Intoxication."
This artwork includes a $900 custom made gold gesso gallery frame and all archival material shown. Painting is signed on lower right.


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The Valencian Community (Eastern Spain) holds 3 small archipelagos, formed by inlets and very small islands,
but enclosing a remarkable group of rare, endemic or endangered plant species. Two of them are located in the
province of Alicante, by the Southern side of the region, being formed by islands placed near to the coast,
so sharing a common vegetattion but acting as refugee for some endangered taxa; it deals with the
so-called 'Archipelago fo Tabarca', and 'Islands of NE Alicante'; these sites hold populations of several
species protected by the Directive of Habitats, such as Diplotaxis erucoides or Silene hifacensis
-a species closely related to S. hicesiae.
However, the most important site for plant conservation is the Archipelago of Columbretes, formed by a spreaded group of small volcanic islands placed more than 30 marine miles from the coast of Castellon (N of the Valencian Community). It deals with a true laboratory for the biological evolution, holding more than 20 endemic species of animals and plants, on their 14 hectares, distributed into 4 main islands (Grossa, Ferrera, Foradada and Carallot). This islands receive a very low rainfall amount (a bit more than 200 mm/year) so their potential vegetation is close to the Chamaeropo humilis-Rhamnetum lycioidis subass. pistacietosum lentisci, enriched with species fitting semiarid climates such as Withania frutescens or Lycium intricatum. There is an exclusive endemic plant (Lobularia maritima subsp. columbretensis), and the islands also conserve a big part of the world population of the Iberian-Balearic endemic Medicago citrina, and representatives of several North-African plants rare to Spain such as Lavatera mauritanica, Fumaria munbyi, etc.
From 1987, a large group of combined actions have been developed in Columbretes Islands to conserve their rare or interesting species, including the following as more remarkable facts: -Complete eradication of rabbits
-Partial eradication of Opuntia maxima, only maintaining tree specimens in order to food migrating birds and to ensure the larval period of pollinators for Medicago citrina, that use to live into the nopal stems.
-Progressive regeneration on vegetation, planting in each successional step the species to built the inmediately following one, and combinating both seed dispersal and artificial plantations. Species used for the lower steps have been, between others, Elymus farctus, Lobularia maritima columbretensis, Lavatera arborea, L. mauritanica, Beta patellaris, etc. For the upper, the plants where before multiplied by means of vegetative procedures in order to obtain enough plants to generate new seeds, due to the low proportion of remainders from the originary populations of Lycium intricatum, Withania frutescens, Atriplex halimus, etc. Medicago citrina has been mainly planted after plantlets, obtained into the same island.
-Production and plantation of Crithmum maritimum to food several species of endemic insects living on, exclusive to this archipelago.
-Control of attacks of external agents, mainly focused on the invasion of Icerya purchasii, controled by its natural predator Rhodolia cardinalis. I. purchasii destroyed by 1998 most part of the native population of M. citrina.


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Charlene Tilton on her return to Dallas TNT
Charlene Tilton: "I think there is still enough life in Lucy to continue to be a little bit of a wild child. Lucy might be fifty but she's still Lucy"
As Charlene Tilton makes another return to Dallas TNT as Lucy Ewing, she talks of Larry Hagman's death, her return to Dallas TNT and her love for the fans.
Hi Charlene. How are you doing? It's been a while
Charlene Tilton – It has. I'm doing very well thank you
We got some questions in from the fans…………….
We have just seen the memorial episode and thought it was absolutely amazing. What was it like shooting that episode? It was obviously quite soon after Larry had passed.
Charlene – Well on a personal level, because from the time I was seventeen years old Larry became like a surrogate father to me and taught me about the business and taught me about acting and taught me about behaving on the set. He was an amazing man. Also his main advice to me always was "Have fun – you are going to work really hard but have a good time doing it". He was a surrogate father to me, I never knew my own father, I never had a father figure in my life and so Larry came along at seventeen years of age when I started the show. So on a very personal level I will never forget I got the call right after he passed away and they said "Where are you?" and I said "I'm driving" and they said "Pull over" and I said "What's going on?" and they said "Pull over". I pulled the car over to the side and the person that called me, I'm not going to say who – obviously in Larry's inner circle, said "We lost Larry" and I just screamed, I was so devastated. I got myself together, I was only three blocks away from home and I went back home and called my daughter, she was in a recording studio and came right over. On a personal level it was devastating and honestly quite a bit of a shock because I had spoken to Larry less than a week before on the phone, we had a long conversation and he sounded great. He was very supportive of Cherish's, my daughters, music and he always loved listening to her music. I went to his memorial in Los Angeles and it was very nice, we laughed, we cried, it was perfectly fitting for Larry.
Charlene – On the show I was very grateful that Cynthia, the creator, did bring Lucy back for JR's funeral. I go up and say one quick line but at least Lucy is there to pay respects to JR and I was grateful to have that opportunity. You could see Lucy's growth where she understood JR a little bit better. That was nice.
You were also in the scene at the Petroleum Club with the other former cast members where you remembered a scene with JR talking about Mitch and plastic surgery.
Charlene - Of course Lucy had to go to the memorial and the funeral. As I said I was grateful that they did give my character a chance to at least let Lucy pay her respects to JR. So that was good.
What was it like meeting up with some of the other cast members like Cathy Podewell [Cally]? I'm sure you have not seen her in years.
Charlene – That was great, it was wonderful. It was great to be asked back because I think the fans are under the impression that Lucy is back but Lucy is really not back. There is really no character development for Lucy. I really don't know if Lucy lives in Dallas, I really don't know if Lucy is married or if Lucy has children, if Lucy's successful, if she's a drunken loser – I have no idea. I am literally just back to say goodbye to JR.
So there has been not talk of character development at all for Lucy?
Charlene – No no. Lucy really isn't back. I was just there for a brief moment, which I was grateful for. In the next episode Valene comes and I was sorry I really didn't get to have any moments with Valene or Gary. I just come in with Valene and Bobby says "I didn't know Valene was here" and I say "I didn't either" and that was kind of it. I'm basically there for a second; if you blink you miss me. It's one of those types of things.
How was it seeing Ted and Joan again?
Charlene – Personally it was wonderful. Like I said I just wish on the show we got to do more. Personally it was great. I do see Joan from time to time and I get to talk to her from time to time. I adore her. I adore Ted. It was great to see them personally but on screen there really wasn't any real scenes between us or anything like that.
The fans obviously love Lucy, you've obviously heard about the support Lucy has out there, they want her back. At this point how would you see Lucy fitting in if she did end up back?
Charlene – I have to say Cynthia has done a great job bringing Dallas back with these characters. I think any ideas she would have for Lucy would be great. As of this point I don't believe there are any plans to bring Lucy back unfortunately, which on a personal note I wish they would. I think that Lucy is a great age and perfect to be a bridge between the original cast and the younger cast. I think there is still enough life in Lucy to continue to be a little bit of a wild child – Lucy might be fifty but she's still Lucy (laughs).
I love the fact, I really do, I can't even tell you how much it means to me to hear from the fans every day that they wish Lucy was back on the show more. It touches my heart but I honestly don't know what to say. Unfortunately Lucy's not back, I got to make a brief appearance and pay my respects to JR and I'm thrilled and grateful for that.
You were asked back before Larry passed away so do you know if Lucy's story was changed following that?
Charlene – I don't know because I wasn't privy to any storylines that were written before or what changed. I know Cynthia had to quickly turn out a script for the memorial and my word she is a prolific, prolific writer. She turned out a beautiful script, I have to say, to pay tribute to JR.
A lot of people will be in tears after seeing that
Charlene – You know it really was a lovely script. The script was amazing, Cynthia did an incredible job. I think she is probably in the top three writers for television, I really do. She is amazing as a writer. I'm thrilled that at least I did get to take part, however brief, in the memorial and the funeral.
I think it's great after all these years that Dallas has meant so much to the cast that so many are willing to come back.
Charlene – Absolutely. It's just the fans always say "We're so glad you're back, we're so glad you're back" but in reality Lucy isn't back. There is no character story there for her. I know nothing about Lucy right now. At one point Lucy had shares of Ewing Oil
It does seem a crowded landscape on the show with a lot of the new characters coming in. Maybe there is not enough time to give the attention that is needed to give a storyline to Lucy. Maybe down the road hopefully.
Charlene – Look, it is the new Dallas, I'm not under any delusion. It is the new Dallas and I've been fortunate to pop my head into a few of the episodes just to a quick hello (laughs). So that's nice. I enjoy doing that.
I don't know how caught up you are with this season but there have been comparisons with Ann's daughter Emma being kind of like a young Lucy.
Charlene – (laughs) Kind of? Honey I read the script, I didn't even know what she looked like but I said "It's Lucy". I knew in my mind, I hadn't even met the actress who plays her and I knew exactly what she was going to look like. When we were filming JR's funeral Marlene who plays Carmen was sitting and the girl who plays Emma in between us and Marlene leaned over and said to me "She's you", I said "I know" (laughs). She goes "She's Lucy", I said "I know, I read the script and knew exactly she was going to be blonde". Of course there's comparisons, I knew it right away, I read the script I went "Oh hello" (laughs).
I think the new cast are wonderful, they're fantastic, wonderful wonderful actors and they're all good looking. I have to tell you on a personal note every one of them is professional and lovely as people as well. They really have a great group of young people that are so talented, I have to say that. I think Josh Henderson, if the show continues without JR, is the perfect actor to carry the torch, I really do. I can't tell you how impressed I am with him as an actor. He is so good looking and such a nice nice young man, a wonderful actor, he is perfect. There are big boots to fill but he can do it.
We now have JR's masterpiece that involves JR giving Christopher a dossier on Pam and then Victoria's statement that she won't return. What do you make of that?
Charlene – I have no idea. I have not talked to Victoria in a long time but I thought Pam was dead in a car crash.
I think she ran off from the hospital
Charlene – If they tried bringing Pam back as another actress, I don't know if that's the plan or not, but that's going to be a tough one because I know the fans want to see Pam [Victoria Principal]. All I can do is go on Victoria's statement that she's not coming back.
I was thinking that was maybe a smokescreen to throw people off. But that's just my conspiracy theory (laughs)
Charlene – You know I have to tell you that my mind went there too. My mind went there as well. Cynthia has it figured out. Like I said she is one of the top writers right now on television, she's an amazing writer – she will make it work. Personally I adore Victoria and I know the fans would love to see Pam back, at least however briefly. And hopefully, god willing, they can come up with a storyline for little Lucy (laughs).
Do you watch your scenes back and are you critical?
Charlene - Yeah I do watch it . I am hard on myself but I'm also honest, if I do something that I think is good I go "Oh that was good" and if it wasn't I go "That didn't hit it, I could have done it better". I'm not like Sunset Boulevard; watching myself at seventeen on Dallas with a Martini and a cigarette going "Arrgh look at me in that bathing suit" (laughs).
You said that your favourite place is being on the set of whatever you are working on
Charlene – Absolutely. I love being on the set. I just finished Snow White in Los Angeles, at a wonderful theatre the Pasadena Playhouse. Ariana Grande played Snow White and I was the Wicked Queen and just showing up early every day to be in the theatre. I just love working, I love being on the set – whether it's a theatre, location, a studio, anything, I just love working.
You just did the web series Devanity
Charlene – Yeah (laughs)
That was brilliant. I watched it , that was hilarious (laughs)
Charlene - Truly truly an amoral character, she's sleeping with her nephew for god's sake. This character I played was absolutely fantastic, I had so much fun.
And finally do you have any messages for the fans?
Charlene – I want to say to the fans that their kind and lovely words to me and about the character of Lucy, honestly I can't tell you how much it means to me. [Ultimate Dallas] you have known me over the years and when you see me at Southfork you know that I am not kidding , you know that genuinely the fans of the show mean everything to me. You know that , I mean seriously those people mean so much to me. Everybody that watches the show, who remembers the original Dallas, I'm so grateful for and they mean the world to me.
Interview by Josh Eilberg & Colin Hunter
Full interview audio transcript
Latest posts by admin (see all)
- Sly and Phyliss from Dallas reunite - 2019/09/06
- Gen Xers review Dallas in podcast - 2019/09/04
- Ken Kercheval dies aged 83 - 2019/04/23


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Skip to 0 minutes and 8 seconds In this block, we will examine the way in which aspects of the parent's mind influence the infant's developing mind as a result of the way in which this shapes the interaction with their baby and the way in which this interaction influences whether the baby is then securely attached. We're going to focus first on aspects of the parents' emotional mind and in particular what the research tells us about parents who are experiencing emotions such as anxiety or depression. Earlier in this course, we examined the way in which serve and return interactions influence the way in which the baby's brain is wired during the postnatal period.
Skip to 0 minutes and 47 seconds However, we now know that it is the quality of these serve and return interactions that are most important. Let's look at this in more detail. Parental contingent responsiveness refers to behaviour on the part of the parent that is contingent with or attuned to the infant's needs. Such attuned responsiveness can consist of a number of different components of parental behaviour, including, for example, facial expressions such as smiling when the infant smiles or looking sad when the infant looks sad or the raising of eyebrows and opening of mouth to show surprise, infant-directed speech, which has a higher pitch, exaggerated contours, and greater rhythmicity compared with adult-directed speech, and contingent touch that involves gentle stroking of the infant's skin.
Skip to 1 minute and 36 seconds Vitality affects refer to the patterns or changes in the dynamics and intensity of these actions and emotional rhythms by the parent that the infant then begins to map and categorise. During the first three months of life, infants need interactions that is highly contingent in terms of being matched closely to how they are. However, after three months of age, infants begin to enjoy interactions with caregivers that are imperfectly matched. The interactions at this point become characterised by a pattern in which there are moments of synchrony followed by rupture of the synchrony followed by repair. This process of synchrony, rupture and repair is described very nicely in the following quotation.
Skip to 2 minutes and 22 seconds Attuned mutual coordination between mother and infant occurs when the infant's squeal of delight is matched by the mothers excited clapping and sparkling eyes. The baby then becomes over-stimulated, arches its back, and looks away from the mother. A rupture has occurred and there is a mis-coordination. The mother, still excited, is leaning forward while the baby, now serious, pulls away. However, the mother then picks up the cue and begins the repair. She stops laughing and with a little sigh, quietens down. The baby comes back and makes eye contact again. Mother and baby gently smile. They are back in sync again in attunement with one another.
Skip to 3 minutes and 5 seconds This process of synchrony, rupture, and repair needs the parent to be able to pick up the infant's emotional and behavioural cues. And parents who are experiencing anxiety and depression can sometimes find this difficult to do. The research of Beatrice Beebe in the United States has examined the way in which such anxiety and depression can reduce the capacity of the parent for what she terms mid-range contingency. Professor Beatrice Beebe developed this concept based on many years of research analysing the interactions of parents and their babies.
Skip to 3 minutes and 40 seconds What she has found is that parents who are able to flexibly regulate their own emotional state, in addition to that of their babies, have interaction that is characterised by repeated patterns of synchrony, rupture, and repair. And that these babies are as a result securely attached. However, she also found that some parents are preoccupied with regulating themselves, such as where the parent is experiencing postnatal depression. These parents may feel low and withdrawn and as a result their interaction can be characterised by low engagement and low tracking of the infant, who is as a result insecurely attached. At the other end of the continuum are parents who are preoccupied or anxious about the interaction itself.
Skip to 4 minutes and 25 seconds These parents engage in high tracking in which they may be intrusive and controlling and unable to allow the infant to initiate or break from the interaction. This pattern of interaction is also associated with the infant being insecurely attached. These findings have been confirmed by other leading researchers in the field. Watch the video of my interview with Professor Lynne Murray who's conducted research which compares the interactional patterns of depressed mothers with their babies at two months of age with the interaction of women not experiencing such depression. The results of her research showed that mothers who are experiencing depression were less sensitively attuned to their infants and were less affirming and more negating of infant experience.
Skip to 5 minutes and 13 seconds Other the studies have also shown that compared with parents not experiencing depression, depressed women showed signs of less effective sharing, a lower rate of overall interactive behaviour, less concentration, and more negative responses. If you would like to learn more about this, we've provided an article which describes the impact of the interactional context of the infant and identifies two key patterns of interaction that are particularly important, hostile or intrusive and disengaged or withdrawn.
Early interaction
In Week 1 we identified the importance of 'serve and return' interactions in terms of the way in which these are characterised by moments of affect (Step 4.18: Glossary) synchrony, rupture and then repair, and we examined the impact of this on the baby's developing brain, and their attachment.
In this video we examine some of the research by Dr Beatrice Beebe, who has identified the importance of what she termed 'midrange contingency', which refers to interaction that is neither too withdrawn, nor too vigilant and intrusive.
We describe some of Beebe's research, in which she distinguishes between 'self contingency', which refers to the way in which the parent adjusts their behaviour in terms of their prior behaviour, and 'interactive contingency', which refers to the way in which the behaviours of each member of the dyad influence one another.
© The University of Warwick


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In a college basketball landscape where the Big Ten has 12 teams, the Big 12 has 10, the Catholic 7 may end up with 12 and the Big East is getting deep-sixed after 34 years, where does the Big 5 stand?
Gone are the days of the Big 5 classic, when the City 6 would play at the Palestra so that all of Philadelphia could worship at the Cathedral of Basketball at once.
But for the Cathedral, worship is one thing and commitment is another. Other member schools have complained in the past about Big 5 matchups at the Palestra displacing their home schedules as well as their own Big 5 dockets.
Villanova already has to allot a few contests each season for its "home away from home," the Wells Fargo Center, usually when larger crowds are anticipated.
Offseason renovations at the Liacouras Center have made Temple less likely to take home games out of its schedule to play at the Palestra, although Penn Athletic Director Steve Bilsky told the DP last week the Owls would still do so "in the right situation."
Fortunately, the Palestra still has friends in the right places, including La Salle coach John Giannini and St. Joseph's coach Phil Martelli. Giannini has endorsed splitting the tickets and bringing back the City Series games to the Palestra on numerous occasions. And Martelli?
"I think in [Martelli's] point of view, a Big 5 game, he thinks it should be played at the Palestra," St. Joe's assistant Mark Bass told the DP last week regarding the Hawks' "home game" at the Palestra Saturday.
Bilsky told the DP somewhat predictably that St. Joe's "hasn't made long-term decisions about other Big 5 games."
Less predictably, another regional round-robin similar to the Big 5 classic has been conceived.
Six Massachusetts schools — Harvard, Boston College, Boston University, Northeastern, UMass and Holy Cross — were reportedly working with each other to create a college basketball day in Boston next season featuring a triple-header at the TD Garden.
The concept would be to schedule the event each year as an early season tip-off and have the schools square off annually on a rotating basis. Sound familiar, Mr. Bilsky?
"We've done it for 57 years so let's see how these things are sustainable before they do it," Bilsky said of the potential Bay State classic. "But to me, there should be no clearer reason to start looking something like the [Big 5] alive and improving, because every day some school's leaving one conference to go to another conference without any rhyme or reason."
That's why Bilsky is in talks with La Salle to keep the Explorers playing at the Palestra on an annual basis, talks he only characterizes as "good" at this point.
"The [issue now is] getting more at the Palestra, doing something to kind of jazz up this truly unique tradition," Bilsky said. "No other city has this. No other city could even try to replicate it today."
Most Philly hoops fans would agree, as would the two head coaches in tonight's contest, who have a combined 33 years of coaching in the Big 5 between them.
So when the Liacouras Center welcomes Penn tonight with its new HD-videoboard, LED ribbon system and sleek maroon lighting, Bilsky would have you remember that the intracity fabric of collegiate life should weave through 33rd Street instead of rotating around North Broad.
Bilsky's right too — when the Big East considers San Diego State for membership, it's time for schools to revel in their real rivals. For the City teams, that means embracing the Big 5 like never before.
Because after all, there's a sweet ticket package and an unforgettable tradition to be enjoyed again. But only if Bilsky's counterparts start putting their package deals where their pride is.
MIKE TONY is a junior English and history major from Uniontown, Pa., and is Senior Sports Editor of The Daily Pennsylvanian. He can be reached at firstname.lastname@example.com.
Penn men's basketball sets sights on final Big 5 matchup
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Arsene Wenger dropping some of dose mind games before the games tomorrow. He had his say on Chelsea and the title.
"At the moment Chelsea are the super-favourites because they are quite big and made a big difference,"
"But it is theirs to lose as we say here in England. They can still lose it, at the moment they have won it but they can still lose it."
I love the, 'as we say in England', such a secret xenophobe… can't stand people like Conte coming in and stealing honorary Englishman's praise. I'm with Arsene on this one, they can drop points and this could go off the rails. The title is never won in December and I think it'll be very interesting to see how they cope after a loss (take a read of this monster on what Conte has done to make Chelsea a winning machine. Tough read, but interesting).
Big worry for me is that's no ordinary side, that's a team that won the title two years ago with complete ease. That's a team with some pretty incredible players combined with a manager who knows his systems and knows how to get the most out of all types of players.
But look, as we say in England, sorry, as we do in England… build it up so we can tear it down with a gleeful aggression.
Continuing with his good form in the prezzer, Wenger bodied Debuchy with a ripping retort about Arsenal blocking his moves away.
"We never blocked him going to Fiorentina, nor Espanyol. They had no interest in him at all because we checked that, so you have to take this article with a little distance.
On claims Debuchy was blocked from going to Manchester United…
They have never made an offer for him. It's completely untrue. It's sometimes surprising to hear things like that."
Ouch Matty, should probably keep that mouth shut and pray someone looks at your record over the last two years and sees a player who can rescue their defence. Not looking good.
Another player who needs a bit of a talking to is the Ox, his dad and his agent. He's in contract negotiations with Arsenal at the moment and he's English so he'll be looking for mega money. Must be tough though, because what leverage does he have? A few goals? A good league cup run of two games? A popstar girlfriend? I mean, it looks pretty embarrassing on paper. Not as embarrassing as Jurgen Klopp coming out to deny interest in you.
"Usually I don't say anything about transfer rumours, but I can make an exception, no problem,"
"This is nonsense. From my side, there's nothing else to say about it."
Ziiiiiiiiiing. Like being spanked with a wet towel in a cold Sunday league changing room. Wenger said similar, saying we as a nation are facing much misinformation. Too true Arsene, too true.
Some false news Wenger wants to quash is the gumph that surrounds Ozil not being a true powerhouse of a player.
"He has improved his commitment and works harder than people think he does."
"I still think there is a gap between his potential finishing and the way he does. In training he finishes better than the games and I'm convinced his percentage of finishing will go up in the coming months."
I don't think the issue is so much pound for pound workrate. We know he runs, we know he contributes positively in most games. It's just that extra 10% you need to go above and beyond. It's those defensive switch offs, it's going missing, it's not being there to finish off a game against City. It's also the second half of the season collapse in fitness.
But let's see. City and Everton should have seen him dropped, but then he dominated West Brom. Arsenal's issue over the last ten years, when the pressure is off, it's samba time, when it's on, we roll over and die.
Finally, after talk of change coming to Arsenal, well worth reading this story on Monchi over at Sevilla. He had this to say on English clubs and data…
"Where I have doubts is how they manage the information they get," he argues. "I mean they have the information, there's just a short circuit in terms of the way they manage it. They have such good information databases, but they're just not using them right."
Would love to have someone like him or Zorc at Arsenal when we go through the revolution. Hopefully the club is considering a new model that reduces the dependency on one man and his iron fist.\
Fingers crossed.


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About Groot Constantia
The Groot Constantia Wine Estate is the oldest wine-producing farm in South Africa.
We aim to be a world class international destination, capturing the rich and diverse heritage of South Africa, in order to deliver a unique cultural, social and historical experience, to locals and tourists alike, through the offering of world class, quality wines and sensory encounters.
Meet the owners of the oldest wine farm in South Africa and learn to understand the significance of each era.
Simon van der Stel (1639-1712)
Contemporary documents describe Simon van der Stel, the first owner of what is now Groot Constantia, as having been born in Mauritius. In fact, he was born at sea while his parents were on their way to Mauritius from Batavia in 1639. His father, who was in the employ of the Dutch East India Company (VOC, as contracted in Dutch), had been posted there, but was eventually transferred back to Batavia, were Simon remained until the age of 20, having by then lost both parents.
Oloff Bergh and Anna de Koningh (1716-1734)
Oloff Bergh, who took possession of Constantia on 13 November 1716, was born in Göteborg, Sweden, in 1643 and joined the VOC in 1665. He spent a few years in Ceylon as a soldier and was a sergeant when he arrived at the Cape in 1676.
Carl George Wieser and Jacobus van der Spuij (1734 -1778)
On 9 August 1734, Groot Constantia was acquired by Carl George Wieser. Wieser, a soldier in the service of the VOC who came from Heidelberg, Germany, arrived at the Cape in 1728. He was promoted to corporal in 1730 and two years later married Johanna Jacoba Colijn, sister of Johannes Colijn, then owner of Klein Constantia. In 1724, Johanna owned a farm at Camps Bay and evidently had some farming experience. Their only child, a boy, was born in 1732. In the following year, Wieser resigned from the VOC to become a Free Burgher.
Jan Serrurier (1778)
Jan (or Johan) Serrurier, the son of a minister, Louis (or Lodewyk) Serrurier, and Esther de Vis, came from Hanau in the Netherlands. In 1747, he married Catharina Kretzschmar, the widow of Jan van der Swyn, who from 1738 had owned and lived on the farm Alphen, not far from Groot Constantia. Two sons were born from this marriage. In 1755, after Catharina's death, Serrurier married Geertruyda (baptised 1736), daughter of the wealthy farmer Jacob van Reenen (died 1764), owner of Witteboomen, also near Groot Constantia. They had seven children.
Hendrik Cloete (Senior) (1778-1799)
Between 1778 and 1885, three generations of Cloete's owned Groot Constantia and a total of five Cloete generations were responsible for its viticulture.
The Cloete Era continues (1799-1885)
Hendrik Cloete junior had a close association with the estate starting 1778, the year that his father bought it and had given him the job of farm manager, for which his remuneration was a share of the produce.
Government (1885 - 1993)
Groot Constantia Trust (1993 till present)
Grand Constance, the French translation for Groot Constantia, was an established brand revered in the time of Napoleon, Louis Phillipe (King of the French) and Frederic the Great of Prussia. The Grand Constance brand is an important part of World Wine Heritage and South Africa's oldest wine. Have you ever wondered how it came about that Napoleon was allowed to drink wine made at Groot Constantia whilst exiled on the island of Saint Helena from 1815 until his death in May 1821?
The agent of the English East India Company based in Cape Town at the time, Joseph Luson (1783-1822), was tasked by the British authorities to provisioned not only the French contingent at Longwood House, but also the civilian population, the garrison and the regiments stationed on the Island as well as the ships of the Royal Navy patrolling the waters around Saint Helena.
Joseph Luson bought the wine directly from the Cloete family who owned Groot Constantia. His business relations with the family changed significantly on 24 May 1817 when he married Catharina Maria (Mary) Cloete, the daughter of Pieter Lourens Cloete, the wine merchant of Groot Constantia, and his wife, Maria Catharina van Reenen. Luson also appointed his brother-in-law, Daniel Jacob Cloete (1800-1879), as his confidential clerk in 1819. The names of 'Den Heer J Luson' and 'D J Cloete' are amongst the regular clients recorded in the Groot Constantia's Wine Sales Register, meticulously kept from 1800-1860.
According to Napoleon's wine steward, Montholon, one bottle of Constantia reserved for Napoleon per day "was more than was used'.
Many theories have been surmised about how Groot Constantia received its name.
The Latin meaning of Constantia translates to constancy or steadfastness, attributes Simon van der Stel held in high esteem.
- The oldest supposition put forward by the German traveller Peter Kolbe (1675-1725) in his book Caput Bonae Spei Hodiernum (1719) and also by the traveller Francois Valentijn (1666-1727), was that it was named after Van der Stel's wife. The idea, however, does not fit in with the fact that her name was Johanna Jacoba.
- The French engineer and writer Jacques Henri Bernardin de Saint-Pierre (1737-1814) said the farm was named after Van der Stel's daughter. That also did not make sense as her name was Catharina.
- The American naval chaplain CS Steward, who visited Constantia in 1830, had yet another improbable theory. According to him, the French Constantia grape was the first to have been planted on the farm and this grape made the farm well known. However, French varietals were not planted by Van der Stel, but by his son Frans (c. 1668-1718).
- There is also a theory that the farm was named after a VOC yacht with the name Constantia which sailed between the Netherlands and Batavia. On one occasion the Constantia and two flutes, or supply ships, the Wapen van Hoorn and Alphen, anchored in Table Bay.
- In 1716, a farm, which formed part of Constantia, was bought from Theunis van Schalkwyk (died 1717), then by Jan Brommert, who at that stage was in charge of equipping VOC ships in Table Bay. Because this farm had the name Alphen, there is conjecture that both farms may have been named after ships.
- The most romantic theory came from the writer Hymen Picard, who claimed the name commemorated the daughter, named Constantia, of Pieter Sterthemius, commander of the fleet with which Van der Stel sailed in 1659 from Batavia.
- According to Picard, she and Simon had fallen in love during the voyage. Constantia died in the Netherlands some time later.
- Another candidate was the daughter of Van Goens, whom Van der Stel may have honoured out of gratitude for Van Goen's support of his original application for the land.
- A final possibility is that the word, derived from Latin, means constancy or steadfastness, and these were attributes Van der Stel held in high esteem.
Groot Constantia today
Groot Constantia stands as a pinion of excellence for the wine industry and is an ideal example of the preservation of South African culture and heritage.
- It is a fully operational farm, one of South Africa's most visited tourist attractions, where a wide range of quality estate wines are created and sold (seven days a week).
- With a variety of other attractions, including restaurants & museums a visit to Groot Constantia becomes an unforgettable experience. The estate is today owned by the Groot Constantia Trust, a non profit company (NPC).
- The trust is committed to maintain and restore this national monument which is South Africa's oldest and best known wine estate.
Cellar Capacity
Pressing capacity: 650 tons
Estimated tonnage:
- 2003: 498 tons
- 2004: 620 tons
- 2005: 525 tons
- 2006: 447 tons
- 2007: 458 tons
Wood maturation: 30 – 50 % New Wood
Situation, climate, soil types and major varietals
Highest average rainfall of all the South African regions in the form of winter rains– no problem with summer rain during the season. 1,100 mm rainfall per annum 78% rainfall from May to October. No irrigation required.
Soil Types:
Nine different soil types exist on the farm and careful planning ensured the selection of the best possible clones of chosen varietals, in harmony with the specific slopes and soil types.
Mostly Table Mountain Granite soils including Glenrosa, Hutton, Avalon and Oakleaf soils are found on the Estate.
The alluvial soil types on the lower slopes of the farm provides interesting variation on varietal character, giving the winemaker the opportunity to create more complex wines through skillful blending.
Groot Constantia is situated on the Cape Peninsula overlooking False Bay. The vineyards are tucked in the steep valley on the eastern side of Table Mountain. The area is blessed with a maritime climate due to the oceans on both sides and an annual average rainfall of +/- 1,100 mm per annum combined with cool southern slopes and deep mountain soils provides the ideal setting for the making of top quality wines.
Estate Information
- Hectares: 165 hectares
- Hectares under vines: 90 hectares
- Metres above sea level: 60 - 280 metres
Major Varietals
Red (70 %)
- Cabernet Sauvignon
- Cabernet Franc
- Merlot
- Shiraz
- Pinotage
- Malbec
- Touriga Nacional (Port variety)
- Muscat de Frontignan
White (30 %)
- Sauvignon Blanc
- Chardonnay
- Semillon
We, Groot Constantia, are a WWF Conservation Champion – acknowledged as an environmental leader in the wine industry for our commitment to conservation, responsible production practices, integrated environmental management systems, and spearheading innovations in water, energy efficiency and climate adaptation.
With 95% of wine growing taking place in the unique habitat of the Cape winelands, WWF participates in a pioneering partnership between the South African wine industry and the conservation sector – one that Groot Constantia is proud to be part of.
Sustainability has become the new buzzword in business circles over the last decade. To have survived through all these years Groot Constantia has had to practice sustainability over centuries. It is therefore not a new concept to this business. In the modern day, we are just continuing with what we and our predecessors have been doing for centuries.
Through Resource Efficiency and Cleaner Production (RECP) projects we are very aware of consumption of resources on the estate. The first RECP project in 2011–2012 focused on the reduction of energy and the second in 2013 on water efficiency.
We aim to become an environmental leader within the local and international wine industry regarding efficient consumption of resources.
The most important sustainability measure that we are currently busy with is erosion control. Stormwater management is of the utmost importance when farming against steep slopes in a wine-producing area receiving nearly double the rainfall of other producing areas in the country.
Groot Constantia is a Biodiversity and Wine Initiative member and part of the Integrated Production of Wine programme, being audited by both annually.
We are continuing with our practice of doing biological control in our vineyards as far as possible. We also expanded the baboon fence in an effort to separate baboon from man, their biggest threat.
We are proud to be affiliated with Cape Town's Big 6. One destination, six unforgettable experiences.
The Mother City's unique variety of attractions and interests will leave visitors entranced by her beauty and cultural variety, six unforgettable experiences – all in one destination.
Discover some of Cape Town's magic:
- the legendary Table Mountain with its technically advanced cableway,
- the maritime experiences of the Victoria & Alfred Waterfront,
- a unique shopping environment of variety and intrigue with culinary delights to suit all tastes.
- Visit Kirstenbosch, the city's most celebrated garden and one of the world's seven best, with its unique natural beauty splendidly located on the eastern slopes of Table Mountain.
- Bask in the tradition and splendour of the historic Constantia Vineyards.
- Visit Robben Island, the centerpoint of the dismantling of apartheid and our own symbol of freedom for all South Africans or experience the wild, untamed coastline that surrounds the legendary Cape of Storms – at Cape Point in the Table Mountain National Park.
For more information have a look at https://ctbig6.co.za/
Bordering the Groot Constantia Vineyards, the exclusive Villa is situated in the heart of Constantia Valley and is perfectly positioned to experience Constantia's world class winelands.
The Villa offers direct access to the Groot Constantia Vineyards where guests can go for leisurely walks or even stroll up to the Groot Constantia farm for a cellar tour, wine tasting or to dine at one of the fine restaurants.
The Villa is packed with all the facilities guests would need to experience the ultimate getaway.
For more information such as rates, guest reviews or the full gallery of images, please visit the Groot Constantia Villa website or call Dennis on +27 (0)82 4574301 or +27 (0)21 7948311.
Groot Constantia
Wine Club
Join Royalty
From our cellars Frederick the Great of Prussia, Louis Phillipe (King of the French) and Napoleon were supplied...
come and add yourself to the list!
Become part of a lineage of royalty and noble men who have savoured our wines for centuries.
By joining our exclusive Groot Constantia Wine Club you will enjoy the following exclusive benefits:
- No initial sign up cost
- Wine Club Members receive a standard 10% discount on Groot Constantia wines bought at the Groot Constantia Wine Estate and on our website www.grootconstantia.co.za
- Be among the first to be informed of specials and new releases
- Have the exclusive opportunity to pre-order new vintages


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Interview Process
"The application process contained multiple case interviews as well as a fit interview to make sure you are right for the firm."Intern, London
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Our 'Insider Reviews' are the comments and views of recent graduate recruits, giving you a view of what it may be like to work for an organisation. Copyright of all TARGETjobs Insider Reviews material lies solely with GTI Media.


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We met director Ava DuVernay on the red carpet of the 72nd Golden Globe Awards and talked about Archbishop Iakovos' portrayal in her Golden Globe nominated film "Selma." She says it was important to have him in the film because he was one of the first community leaders to support Dr. King.
The Greek-Orthodox Archbishop was a strong supporter of the 1964 Civil Rights legislation for which he had also received death threats. Watch our interview with Ava DuVernay talking about Archbishop Iakovos, biracial tensions in today's America, plus an interview with Selma star David Oyelowo:
Archbishop Iakovos was known in the U.S. as the committed and caring pastor who put the Greek Orthodox Faith on the map for Americans and beyond. He was the first Greek Archbishop in 350 years to officially confer with a pope, leaving behind a tremendous body of work as the primate of the Greek Orthodox Archdiocese in North and South America for 37 years.
However, Iakovos was also a champion of civil and human rights who showed his support to Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. not only with his words, but also with his actions. He was one of the first powerful people to embrace the ideas of Dr. King and march hand in hand with him in 1965 in Selma, Ala.
"He had received threats if he would dare to walk with Dr. King, but he never thought twice of his decision," says a close aid and friend of the Archbishop.
This historic moment for America was captured on the cover of LIFE Magazine on March 26, 1965.
The New York Times reported, "The striking cover of Time magazine that showed Dr. King side by side with the black-garbed Archbishop Iakovos marked a new presence of Greek Americans and the Greek Orthodox church in American life."
Iakovos vigorously supported the passage of the 1964 Civil Rights legislation, exclaiming when the first bill was passed:
"Glory to the Most High! May this mark the beginning of a new age for all humankind, an era when the Word of God charts and guides our lives."
Iakovos' decision to support Dr. King, and the publicity his action received, brought Greek-Americans and African-Americans much closer, resulting in a friendship that the two communities celebrate until this day!
The enthronement of Archbishop Iakovos took place on April 1, 1959 at Holy Trinity Cathedral in New York City. He served as Archbishop until 1996 and passed away on April 10, 2005 (at age 93).


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