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Will Run for HealthPosted by Jank Filed Under: Health & Fitness, News and Opinion
Dr. Lee Miller wrote a piece arguing that, due to health care savings and productivity increases inherent in being more fit, that we should lobby for tax breaks to cover fitness expenses. The case that he presents about the health care savings associated with active people versus sedentary people is tempting.
However, in the more immediate timeframe, there's a better case to be made for being an evangelist for running and runners, instead of trying to work "The System".
Given the benefits to our fellow earthlings, isn't it incumbent upon us to start the change at the grassroots? I've gotten three guys from my office running this spring, and hope to keep it up throughout the year. I won't see anything on my taxes this year, but hopefully my kids'll pay lower taxes when we're geezers.
Personal responsibility and citizenship shouldn't need to be bought.
Likewise, if religion has taught us anything, it's that getting us to change our lives in positive ways needs a soft sell. You cannot cause positive change with either bribes or the sword. Though Santa Claus comes close.
Fitness is something that's reinforced much more easily on an interpersonal level. That's why we all love writing about our running—'cause we know there's someone out there who'll miss our blog when it becomes abandoned. Instead of relying on the IRS to make sure that people are actually using a notional tax credit for gym memberships,etc, instead of another pair of $200 fashion sneakers, why don't we pick someone at the office, church, or neighborhood to encourage? Let's not make them supply a physical with their tax return.
(Although, I might enjoy watching roving bands of drill instructors funded by the IRS giving physical fitness tests to people claiming the credit.)
Never hesitate to mention how cheap running actually is. Costs can be kept relatively low, even for active runners. I go through:
- a pair of shorts a year – $15 at Target, no chafing
- about three pairs of shoes, which, if I shop sales runs about $150. I could probably make do with one pair/year if I were just pumping out 30 minutes four times a week
- Socks – last time it was $10 for six pair, about two years ago.
All in all, I probably spend more money supporting my habit of blogging about running than I do actually running.
There was a comment in the tread about the "Law of Unintended Consequences." That is quite probably the most important concept overlooked in most economics classes. Pass legislation like this and I will guarantee three results:
- First, fees for kids' sports programs will go up even higher than they are already, and non-organized participation will go down further than it is now.
- Second, gym memberships will go up for good gyms, and a host of crappy gyms with cheap fees will spring up for folks gaming the system.
- Finally, we will continue to get fatter regardless.
It's the classic dilemma—there's something that needs to be done, which is to get us off of our couches and out the door. The question is who ought to do it? Rather than passing the buck to a bureaucrat, why not invite your neighbor on your morning jog, or see if the person in the next cube doesn't want to head out? Instead of spending time and energy trying to line your pocket with money that you'd spend anyway, spend that time solving the problem at the small scale.
About Bill Jankowski
Jank is the nom-de-plume (alias) of Bill Jankowski. Jank is a runner (defined as "one who runs", without any necessary claims of athleticism). More accurate would be to say that he enjoys the company of his iPod, and goes to great lengths to get long periods of time alone with his thoughts. Plus, running is a wonderful way to keep his ego in check. He's been physically active since he was a kid (assuming that, for the years 1995-1999 and 2001-2003, drinking counts as "active"), playing Soccer, Flag Football, Basketball, and Softball while in college (for his fraternity's B-team)(Actually, add 1990-1994 to the years of inactivity). In addition to running, Jank swims (controlled drowning), bikes ('cause his mom suggested he play in traffic as a kid), and kayaks (see swimming, but with sharks and props). An engineer by the grace of God, a (recovering) submariner by the graces of the taxpayers of the United States, and an MBA by mistake, Bill enjoys gear (oooh, shiny!), cycling (oooh, shiny bikes and clothes!), and poking at accepted ideas with a pointy stick. In 2004, Jank decided he didn't want to go full-over to being fat, and took up running (instead of stopping eating). In 2005, he finished his first marathon (WooHoo!) in October, and his second two weeks later (dumb idea). He is still recovering. Bill lives in Connecticut (the poorer, eastern part) with his lovely wife Melissa (who is far more fit than he is and way less navel-gazing about it), and their two sons, Jake and Nate, who, in addition to having deliberately cool names, are the finest children to grace the Earth (clear proof that "evolution through natural selection" is bunk; although he still questions the monthly bill for "Pool Boy" despite not having a swimming pool). His rants can be found at runmystic.jankowskis.net; his best stuff is found here at CRN.
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Brook on
May 2nd at 2:20 pm
You combined two of my favorite subjects, economics and running. And I agree. Though, I invest a bit more in my socks.
Joe Ely on
May 2nd at 3:57 pm
Jank, I'm honored you picked up on my comment about "the law of unintended consequences" in the previous post!!
You make a marvelous point. With weather now much nicer in the northern hemisphere, it is a good time to encoruage a person who might tend to run anyway.
The basic costs of running are very low. It's getting out of bed and out the door that's "costly"!!
jank on
May 3rd at 11:28 am
Brook – I'm an engineer and an MBA, so I view the world through very analytical eyes often without intending to do so. I'm glad you enjoyed the connection.
Joe – You're exactly right – I did get the germ of that paragraph from your comment. Thanks.
Mark Iocchelli on
May 3rd at 7:21 pm
Great thoughts Mr. Bill. 🙂


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The US Congress this week passed a resolution to honor Islam and its holiday of Ramadan…
From the Vigilant Freedom Blog:
Recognizing the commencement of Ramadan, the Islamic holy month of fasting and spiritual renewal, and commending Muslims in the United States and throughout the world for their faith.
Whereas since the terrorist attacks on the United States on September 11, 2001, threats and incidents of violence have been directed at law-abiding, patriotic Americans of African, Arab, and South Asian descent, particularly members of the Islamic faith;
Whereas, on September 14, 2001, the House of Representatives passed a concurrent resolution condemning bigotry and violence against Arab-Americans, American Muslims, and Americans from South Asia in the wake of the terrorist attacks;
Whereas it is estimated that there are approximately 1,500,000,000 Muslims worldwide;
Whereas Ramadan is the holy month of fasting and spiritual renewal for Muslims worldwide, and is the 9th month of the Muslim calendar year; and
Whereas the observance of the Islamic holy month of Ramadan commences at dusk on September 13, 2007, and continues for one lunar month: Now, therefore, be it Resolved, That-
- during this time of conflict, in order to demonstrate solidarity with and support for members of the community of Islam in the United States and throughout the world, the House of Representatives recognizes the Islamic faith as one of the great religions of the world; and
- In observance of and out of respect for the commencement of Ramadan, the Islamic holy month of fasting and spiritual renewal, the House of Representatives acknowledges the onset of Ramadan and expresses its deepest respect to Muslims in the United States and throughout the world on this significant occasion."
The amendment passed with no votes against, although some members of congress chose to vote "present," including 20% of Republicans.
From Jihad Watch:
Instead of passing resolutions congratulations Muslims for Ramadan, and instead of holding iftar dinners in the Pentagon and the White House — or at very least in addition to doing so — the U.S. ought to be placing responsibility where it actually lies. Where are the Congressional resolutions calling upon Muslim groups in America to renounce Sharia and political Islam, and to institute comprehensive, transparent programs teaching against Islamic supremacism in U.S. mosques and Muslim schools? Where are the Congressional resolutions calling upon Muslims in the U.S. to condemn not just "terrorism," but Al-Qaeda, Hamas, Hizballah, and other jihad terror groups, and to back up their condemnations with active cooperation with anti-terror efforts?
The following Congressmen voted "Present" (from The Hill):
Joining Tancredo in his "present" vote were Republican Reps. Robert Aderholt (Ala.), Todd Akin (Mo.), Gresham Barrett (S.C.), Jo Bonner (Ala.), Mary Bono (Calif.), Paul Broun (Ga.), Ginny Brown-Waite (Fla.), Michael Burgess (Texas), Steve Buyer (Ind.), John Carter (Texas), Mike Conaway (Texas), Nathan Deal (Ga.), Terry Everett (Ala.), Mary Fallin (Okla.), Randy Forbes (Va.), Trent Franks (Ariz.), Scott Garrett (N.J.), Louie Gohmert (Texas), Virgil Goode (Va.), Kay Granger (Texas), Robin Hayes (N.C.), Sam Johnson (Texas), Jim Jordan (Ohio), Steve King (Iowa), Doug Lamborn (Colo.), Kenny Marchant (Texas), Jeff Miller (Fla.), Randy Neugebauer (Texas), Tom Price (Ga.), Mike Rogers (Ala.), Mark Souder (Ind.), Mac Thornberry (Texas), Todd Tiahrt (Kan.), Tim Walberg (Mich.), Zach Wamp (Tenn.), Dave Weldon (Fla.), Lynn Westmoreland (Ga.), Don Young (Alaska) and Bill Young (Fla.), as well as Democrat Mike McIntyre (N.C.).
Why did not even one congressman have the courage to vote NO?
At the very least, this is a flagrant violation of the "Establishment of Religion" clause in the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution – the constitution that all congressmen must swear to uphold. Clearly, if we want any leadership in this country, we have to provide it ourselves. Congress – and the Bush administration – has completely fallen down on the job.
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Tuesday's Question:
What do you think is the biggest obstacle to your reading? What prevents you from reading as much as you'd like?
Two words…Real life. And since I am still under strict rescrictions, due to operations, of doing household chores, I can't even imagine how it is going to be when those are lifted. I have often wondered how those that work outside the home, find the time to read, blog and the responsibilities of real life.
Another reading stumbling block, that I have encountered, is the time it takes to keeping my blog updated, visiting other blogs, participating in memes, etc etc. Sometimes, I find I spend more time on my laptop more than I do having a book in hand. I need to reverse that.
4 Responses to "Fall Into Reading 2010 Challenge (4 of 4)"
I totally agree – I need an assistant so I can do whatever I want whenever I want!
I have to agree! Keeping the blog updated is hard enough but how in the world do you get all of those comments done? You seem to visit everyone! I have 5-6 that I comment on and some days it's all I can do to keep up!
My answer to the Fall into Reading question is here: Hott Books – Fall Into Reading.
I agree with you. I try to comment back to all who comment on my blog. Today I will be busy trying to keep up with ABC Wednesday, and that has nothing to do with My Reading. But, I love the memes, and of course they do take time to keep after.
Same deal here. I can't imagine trying to keep up with this with a family & full-time job. I've noticed that there are lots of literate stay-at-home moms that run book blogs, which is such an interesting trend. I have sort of an "on call job" until I get hired full-time and I'm single, so that frees up a good amount of reading & blogging time :o)


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The makes use of of computers at the moment are as numerous because the forms of computers that exist in the market. Very often, they're thrown away inside two or three years, as a result of some newer programs require a more powerful computer. The specialised facet of an investigation is sub-categorized into four essential areas; computer forensics, network forensics, database forensics and cellular gadget forensics.
Players are free to roam the open-game world and solve the main storyline as they please, just like the gameplay of Notorious and the GTA series. Archival Data is information that has been backed up and stored on CDs, disks, again-up tapes or entire hard drives.
XP can run at an honest speed on a older COMPUTER with a single-core 1GHz CPUs with 512MB of RAM, 40GB arduous drive, and AGP video card. If you want to know the way to switch information from another computer retrieve misplaced knowledge, or recover pictures, and recuperate information, from a damaged laptop computer or LAPTOP. Then this web page is for you.
is unquestionably the second hottest web site for PC sport downloads, initially beginning with old game titles the web site has expanded to incorporate AAA titles and an ever rising checklist of independently developed video video games. Smartphones: Many cell telephones can do a whole lot of things computers can do, together with browsing the Internet and enjoying video games.
More often than not it is the software program which make Windows or Linux slower, and never the working system. A joystick helps you control the movement of people and objects in many video games. Typically cleaning dust out of your computer desktop or laptop will make it quicker as a result of it's not operating as hot.
The sport also features side quests, random occasions (ambushes, animal attacks and hostage situations), side activities (bounty hunting, duels and gambling) to create a compelling gameplay experience. Medical doctors can collaborate actual-time during surgical procedure and different medical routines by use of audio-visual devices.


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Our Transport Safety Strategy has a vision to provide safe travel for the whole community by adopting the Safe System approach.
This approach will prioritise safe people, safe speeds, safe vehicles and safe roads and will assist use to achieve our goal of zero fatalities and serious injuries within Moonee Valley.
Moonee Valley residents are being urged to take more care and avoid distractions when using the road.
The new 'Not a Game' campaign is encouraging people to cross the road safely by using pedestrian crossings, obeying the signals, looking up from mobile phones, and looking out for oncoming traffic and other distractions.
The campaign is also encouraging drivers to look out for pedestrians and 'expect the unexpected'.
We want your view of Moonee Valley to be seen with your eyes, not through a camera – and we definitely want your eyes on the road while you're driving.
Driving distractions can have devastating consequences, so leave the selfies, texts and social media updates until you're out of the car.
Watch the animation to find out what can happen if you drive distracted.
There are many Senior road safety program available including workshops and talks. Council can support your group, centre or club to deliver a program or workshop.
Most programs can be conducted at your own venue or we can provide a venue that would be suitable for your group or club to use.
Resources and programs for seniors:
If you would like to hold or attend any of the above sessions, please contact Councils Transport Project Officer on 9243 8888 or email email@example.com.
There are laws for the type of restraints children of a certain age need to travel in.
While the law specifies the minimum, it's safest to only move your child to the next type of restraint once they outgrow their current restraint. The restraint you choose must meet the Australian standard and be properly fastened and adjusted.
See the RACV website for information on child restraints.
The next free child restraint fitting days are:
To book contact Council's Transport Project Officer on 9243 8888 or email: firstname.lastname@example.com.
Here are a couple of videos:
Busy roads, confusing road rules and lack of confidence can often be a challenge for older drivers.
Improve your driving and road safety skills through our free Wiser Driver course. Participants will gain confidence driving, re-fresh their road rules and discuss some of the common challenges for older drivers.
When: Wednesday, 2, 9, 16 and 23 October from 10am to 12pm.
Where: Burley Griffin Neighbourhood Centre, Park Drive, Keilor East.
Cost: Free
To make a booking call our Transport Safety Officer on 9243 8888 or email email@example.com
It's never ok to leave a child in an unattended car.
We've installed KidSafe 'Don't leave kids in cars' signs in our off-street car parks to remind drivers just before they leave their car.
The thought of running a quick errand and leaving a child in the car for a minute can be tempting for a parent or carer. Leaving children unattended in a car on any day is dangerous, let alone a hot summer's day (when the inside temperature of the car can be 20 to 30 degrees hotter than outside). It could result in serious injury or death.
KidSafe Victoria recommends:
If you see a child alone in a car you should:
See VicRoad's Travel Happy campaign tips for cyclists, pedestrians, motorcyclists, truck drivers or people that travel on public transport.
Share the road, travel happy!
A metre matters
The Amy Gillett Foundation's A metre matters campaign launched in 2009 focusing on drivers not hitting cyclists. The message of the campaign is that when passing cyclists, drivers need to allow a minimum passing distance of one metre (or 1.5 metres in speed zones over 60km).
If hoon driving behaviour is a regular occurrence in your area, offenders can have their vehicles impounded, immobilised or confiscated.
Please call 1800 333 000 to report hoon behaviour or complete a form (pdf, 651KB) and send it to:
Fawkner Highway Patrol
1151 Sydney Road
Fawkner 3046
More information and additional resources for schools and parents, alongside our Better Moves Around Schools program can be found on our Better Moves and School Programs page.
For more information about road safety, call our Traffic and Transport team on 9243 8888 or email email@example.com.


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Yorkshire Wildlife Trust Volunteer day:
It was a beautiful sunny day on the 19th October as we set out to Bingley, a small town just West of Leeds and Bradford. As we arrived at our destination we loaded ourselves with spades, shovels, hammers, gloves, wood panels and piping and set off down to a remote woodland area near the river.
We began by clearing the area of weeds and any debris left from the recent 2015 floods along the River Aire where we found all sorts of bits and bobs: plant pots, signs and large bags of compost. The soil itself was sandy and unconsolidated making it much easier to work with as we then proceeded to dig 2 separate otter holts located 20m apart from one another. The holes themselves measured 2 metres by 1.5 metres which required a lot more manual labour than was initially expected! Branching off from the holes were entrance and exit tunnels that the otters could use to enter but also escape the holt if any predators tried their luck with breaking and entering.
After a long morning of digging and excavating, it was finally time to lay down the wooden panels that would make the skeleton frame of the holt. Arranged in a square, 1.2m x 1.2m space, the holt was beginning to take shape with clear entrance and exits leading to a spacious living area. Although we didn't actually see any otters in the wild floating down the river holding hands as they sleep like we'd hoped, we did see evidence of otter activity in the area in the form of tiny little footprints scattered across the mud. This was an encouraging sight as it was evidence that otters are active in the area and would make good use of the holts.
The volunteer day was a great experience and opportunity to help out with the work that the Yorkshire Wildlife Trust are doing to increase species inhabitancy in the area. The holts themselves were constructed with the intention of encouraging otters to recolonise and breed along the River Aire.
If you'd like to find out more about the Yorkshire Wildlife Trust and the work they are currently doing visit their website at http://www.ywt.org.uk/.


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Michal Lehuta has a very nice chart of a few selected EU member state's long-term economic performance. Between 1997-2010 the gap between Central European and Western European GDP's have diminished significantly. It looks that Slovenia will reach the EU average level at first, Slovakia and Estonia are the biggest relative winners. On the other side, Italy is going down and it is a lost decade for Hungary. Further to the East the gap is still huge, but growth is much higher in the East and Southeast than in North-Northwest.Author : Dániel Antal
economy, Economy & Euro, English, Estonia, Hungary, Italy, Slovakia, Slovenia


text: The General meeting of the Spring Semester 2016 – 2017 of the American International University – Bangladesh (AIUB) was held on January 21, 2017. The Vice Chancellor Dr. Carmen Z. Lamagna presided over the meeting. In connection with conducting Spring Semester 2016 – 2017, teachers and officials were informed about the academic calendar, teaching procedures, related courses, examination and publication of result including rules and regulation of the University. The Founder Vice President & Treasurer Dr. Hasanul A. Hasan gave his valuable speech and necessary directives to the faculty members to co-operate and assist the students to fulfill their academic desire. Deans from different departments also spoke on this occasion. The meeting emphasized on running the academic activities in excellent manner and maintaining discipline in campuses during Spring semester.


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When you purchase (4) or more cool sculting Sessions.
* Limited Time Offer
DISCLAIMER OF Dr. Pervez Qureshi
Pervez Qureshi expressly disclaims all warranties and responsibilities of any kind, whether express or implied, for the accuracy or reliability of the content of any information contained in this Web Site, and for the suitability, results, effectiveness or fitness for any particular purpose of the services, procedures, advice or treatments referred to herein, such content and suitability, etc., being the sole responsibility of parties other than Dr. Pervez Qureshi, and the reliance upon or use of same by you is at your own independent discretion and risk.
*Results and Patient Experience May Vary.
The content/images on this website are not a guarantee of individual results. Individual results may vary. The information provided on this site is for general informational purposes only, and does not replace the need for a formal consultation with a doctor.
The services provided have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. These products are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease. The material on this website is provided for informational purposes only and is not medical advice. Always consult your physician before beginning any therapy program.
All therapies are specific formulations prepared by Medical Weight Loss PC. Any designations or references to therapies are for marketing purposes only and do not represent actual products.


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The interaction between submarine channels and active seabed deformation controls sediment delivery to the deep sea. Here, we combined seismic and geomorphic techniques to investigate quantitatively how the gravity-driven growth of thrust-related folds in the deep-water Niger Delta has influenced the morphology of four Pleistocene to Holocene submarine channels with present-day geomorphic expression. We extracted the bathymetric long profile of each of these modern seabed channel systems, and we evaluated the down-system evolution of channel widths, depths, and slopes as they have interacted with growing seabed structures. This information was used to derive estimates of bed shear stresses and velocities, to infer morphodynamic processes that have sculpted the channel systems through time, and to evaluate how these channels have responded to actively growing structures in the toe of the delta.
The long profiles of these channels are relatively linear, with concavity from −0.08 to −0.34, and an average gradient of ∼1°. They are characterized by small knickpoints that are apparent near mapped structures and therefore implicitly reflect variations in substrate uplift rate. Channel incised depths increase significantly near the active structures, leading to entrenchment, but there is little change in the down-system distribution of channel width, in contrast to rivers crossing active faults, or buried submarine channel complexes. Reconstructed bed shear stresses near faults are estimated to lie in the range of 100–200 Pa, which would be associated with turbidite flow velocities of 2–4 m/s. A comparison of the magnitude and distribution of structural uplift since 1.7 Ma and the distribution of channel incision over this time shows that three of these channels have been able to keep pace with the time-integrated uplift since 1.7 Ma and have likely reached a local topographic steady state. Entrenchment of the submarine channels upstream of growing folds helps to drive this process, and we estimate that bed shear stresses of >100 Pa are sufficient to keep pace with structural strain rates of ∼4 × 10–3 m.y.–1.


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Sean Pennn and Charlize Theron took her son Jackson, 2, to Whole Foods in Los Angeles, CA on Wednesday (January 22).
Sean Penn's and Charlize Theron: Shopping with Jackson
Posted by Alisa on Thursday, January 23, 2014 / Comments: (0)
Tori Spellings and Finn
Posted by Alisa on Sunday, January 19, 2014 / Comments: (0)
Tori Spellings and her adorable son Finn, 1, were seen out and about in Los Angeles, CA on Saturday (January 18).
Beyonce and Blue Ivy
Beyoncé was spotted with her adorable daughter Blue Ivy, 2, in New York City on Thursday (January 16).
Amber Rose and baby Sebastian
Amber Rose was spotted with her adorable son Sebastian, 10 months, in Malibu, CA on Wednesday (January 16).


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Germany landed in Moscow on Tuesday to attempt to successfully defend their World Cup title and hoping to leave the political controversy surrounding Mesut Ozil and Ilkay Gundogan behind them.
The Germans took off from Frankfurt in pouring rain hoping captain Manuel Neuer will stay fit after eight months on the sidelines with a foot fracture.
Their build-up was dogged by the controversy surrounding Ozil and Gundogan after the players, who have Turkish roots, were booed in pre-World Cup friendlies for meeting Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan.
The Premier League stars met Erdogan in London last month with Gundogan handing him a signed Manchester City shirt with the message "to my president".
German fans took a dim view of the perceived divided loyalty, by booing the pair in a friendly defeat to Austria.
Gundogan has said the meeting was not politically motivated, while Ozil has refused to talk about it during the World Cup.
"This is his statement, I assume he will stick to it," said team director Oliver Bierhoff during the training camp in Germany.
"Whether that is right or wrong is another matter," added Bierhoff, who said the players did not act "maliciously", but had been "naive".
Off-field distractions aside, the Germans arrived well-prepared. They are bringing 26 sets of jerseys among their 12 tonnes of equipment.
Coach Joachim Loew said Germany's rivals had all made advances.
"There will be a high standard of opposition. Spain have improved, while Brazil and Argentina are up there."
Germany have won just one of their last six friendlies, but all the focus is on their opening game in Moscow on Sunday against Mexico.
"The first group game is always a sticking point, because it tingles," said veteran forward Thomas Mueller, who will lead Germany's attack.
The nervy 2-1 win over Saudi Arabia is now in the past.
"There is no reason to blubber now, we are world champions," added Mueller. "We have many players who are in a fit state."
The Germans hope that particularly applies to Neuer, the world-class Bayern Munich goalkeeper who has played just two matches since fracturing his foot last September.
T-rex skeleton could fetch up to $8 mn at NY auction
'Fish exposed to noise pollution likely to die early'
Super Mario, Trump's buddy: The era of Shinzo Abe
351 sea turtles die on US coast where sea lions died
World's oldest animal sperm found in Myanmar amber
The Lead: Parliament Session in the midst of Covid-19


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In Grupo Mahersol we have over 50 years of experience in the construction sector and we work every day to offer the best service.
If you want to do small jobs and reform your home, your community, your business or your shop... Call us and our complete team (decoration, design, construction...) will manage your request in an integrated and professional way.
We make possible any alteration you could need. Ask us for an estimate with no obligations!Сообщества Грунты Спальни и гостиные Кухни Ванные и туалеты


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The Virgin Group has announced that in 2019, they'll be launching a new Virgin-wide loyalty program that'll use Virgin Atlantic's Flying Club miles as the currency.
The email they've sent out says the following:
Today we're announcing that Virgin Group and Virgin Atlantic have agreed to create a new company that will launch a Virgin-wide loyalty programme, to reward customer loyalty across Virgin branded companies with unique and differentiated reward opportunities.
The new loyalty programme will use the Flying Club currency, 'miles' and will bring you more opportunities to earn miles, with the result of getting you to Reward Flights sooner. The new loyalty programme plans to launch in 2019 and I look forward to writing to you about the benefits of joining this programme closer to the time.
Flying Club will continue as the frequent flyer programme for Virgin Atlantic's customers and you will continue to earn and spend miles across Virgin Atlantic, Delta Air Lines and a range of airline and other partners as you do today. And in the future you can look forward to an expanded range of valuable ways to earn and spend miles that will be powered by the new Virgin loyalty programme.
There's also a link to some FAQs, but those don't provide much insight into how the new program works. On the positive side, the FAQs confirm that you'll be able to continue earning tier points and earn and redeem miles for flights with Virgin Atlantic, Delta and other airline partners. It doesn't state either way though as to whether or not redemption costs will change, so it remains to be seen as to whether or not this will lead to a devaluation adorned with some minor positive changes.
This is unlikely to be too exciting for those of us based in the US seeing as there aren't that many Virgin brands available over here. That said, it might mean that those with Virgin Mobile service earn Flying Club miles each month.
Things could be more interesting for those in my home country of the UK. There, Virgin has their fingers in a ton of pies from savings accounts to cable and internet services to trains to fitness clubs and much more. If you were to earn miles when using any of those services, that could certainly engender even more brand loyalty.
Needless to say, we'll keep you updated as and when more announcements are made.


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You may need to install Flash or enable it on your browser to play the puzzles.
Can't see the Full Screen puzzle? Your pop-up blocker probably prevented it from opening. Click here to relaunch the pop-up.
Still can't get it to work? Please contact us for additional help
The German shepherd puppies in this online jigsaw puzzle are only six weeks old. The small pair are enjoying each other's company on the sunny day.


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Suffering From A Gold Canyon Water Damage Removal Problem?
you arrived here, it is possibly because you and/or your family just came home to water damage problems in your home, or in your office. This is a big sudden emergency that needs to be treated rather swiftly. Our company suggests that you straight away consult with Water Damage Pros using the emergency hotline number you see at the top of this web page. We can easily answer all of your questioning or concerns.
It is simply preferable when you call us EVEN BEFORE you call your insurer! They may well make an attempt to warn you that you are required to hire one of their selected companies. DON'T allow them to bamboozle you.
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We will restore your property speedily, cleanly, and finished without stress. When you put the right team on the job, be assured that your water damage restoration is done right.
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Water Damage Gold Canyon Repair Pros On The Job.
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Once you find out about a situation on your residential property, it is very important that you decide on a Gold Canyon water damage reparation professional promptly!
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Water Damage Restoration Gold Canyon
Problems are most likely an emergency situation that requires an immediate response. Just one single telephone call and you'll be on your way to working out all your water issues.
A flooded basement never occurs at a convenient time. So on any occasion it does take place, you can trust in Water Damage Pros to act in response to your home or office.
Our team will quickly commence drying the water, eliminating the water, and bestowing all other cleanup needs.
Our quick response organization will quickly setup and deploy our advanced drying devices to minimize the hazard of mold and structural problems.
If you are experiencing fire damage then your restoration requirements are different. We realize that fire and smoke damage is disruptive and can be devastating for your home or business.
Water Damage Gold Canyon Pros responds swiftly to repair the fire, smoke, and soot damages problems. This includes cleaning your home's contents and belongings. We can as well clear away fire and smoke odors by employing deoderization treatments.
- We are your nearby Gold Canyon water damage professionals!
- Gold Canyon water damage repair is just a call away!
- Ceiling water damage in Gold Canyon?
- Get your water damaged ceiling in Gold Canyon repaired..
- Need emergency water damage response in Gold Canyon?
- We fix drywall water damage in Gold Canyon?
- Contact us if Gold Canyon water damage occured at your residency!
- Gold Canyon hardwood wood floor water damage repaired.
- Call for Gold Canyon water damage help!
- Need certified Gold Canyon water damage professionals?
- Gold Canyon water damage due to a bad sump pump?
Mold can possibly be a bad, possibly fatal, health hazard. It can quickly spread throughout the entire structure once it starts. We depend on industry approved and proven mold remediation techniques accompanied with the best equipment, and real world experience to help you.
Below are neighboring areas that Water Damage Gold Canyon Pros gives free estimates in:
Paradise Valley, Rio Verde, San Tan Valley, Fort Mcdowell, Cave Creek, Apache Junction, Mesa, Avondale, Maricopa, Tempe, Gilbert, Tolleson, Glendale, Phoenix, Sacaton, Higley, Queen Creek, Fountain Hills, Chandler Heights, Scottsdale, Cashion, Gold Canyon, Sun City West, Laveen, Chandler, Peoria, Bapchule, Carefree, Sun City
Our Services include: water damage eradication, water extraction, flood clean up, basement flooding clean up, wet carpet, water damage contracting, water extraction team, sewage clean up, flooded cellar, flood damage, drying wet carpet, flood cellar, cellar drying, carpet flooding, water damage service, flooded carpet, flooded house, flooded home, water removal, water in cellar.
Call Water Damage Pros - Gold Canyon
(520) 895-4599
Shown below are other postal codes of towns that our crew responds to:
85069, 85254, 85212, 85065, 85060, 85283, 85118, 85306, 85225, 85257, 85287, 85259, 85033, 85072, 85029, 85042, 85248, 85268, 85039, 85016, 85040, 85024, 85008, 85032, 85244, 85208, 85252, 85076, 85329, 85083, 85098, 85003, 85012, 85082, 85331, 85311, 85280, 85043, 85296, 85307, 85014, 85249, 85381, 85002, 85048, 85211, 85015, 85140, 85041, 85282, 85018, 85030, 85312, 85213, 85301, 85269, 85064, 85013, 85266, 85063, 85025, 85070, 85299, 85204, 85021, 85066, 85303, 85017, 85262, 85285, 85119, 85117, 85339, 85224, 85372, 85121, 85376, 85274, 85009, 85007, 85281, 85246, 85005, 85263, 85142, 85209, 85078, 85385, 85028, 85080, 85068, 85120, 85215, 85206, 85234, 85380, 85053, 85001, 85255, 85267, 85207, 85006, 85277, 85327, 85214, 85382, 85275, 85011, 85031, 85044, 85037, 85143, 85061, 85046, 85353, 85250, 85073, 85050, 85004, 85138, 85377, 85203, 85205, 85308, 85392, 85202, 85147, 85323, 85251, 85071, 85286, 85097, 85020, 85036, 85075, 85318, 85298, 85284, 85210, 85253, 85178, 85304, 85216, 85019, 85351, 85027, 85038, 85256, 85045, 85022, 85035, 85258, 85026, 85074, 85233, 85305, 85310, 85023, 85345, 85127, 85085, 85226, 85264, 85051, 85271, 85260, 85062, 85302, 85297, 85010, 85236, 85201, 85079, 85261, , 85054, 85295, 85067, 85034


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"The CLAY is playful and easy to handle. The suspension feels much better than you would expect of a bike with this amount of travel." This is what Jörg Heydt, co-owner of LAST – rider owned bike company from Germany – experienced while racing and road tripping with the 140 mm travel CLAY prototype all season long.
Fresh for this season the CLAY features an updated frame, our new Total Bearing Quality Technology and new specs for the complete bikes.
|"With regard to Geometry, frame stiffness, reliability and durability we followed a no compromise approach. The 27,5 inch bike designed to suit our personal riding style: playful, often off the ground and with pleasure sideways." Jochen Forstmann founder and co-owner of LAST.
The CLAY features a Modern Geometry , providing precision and control and maintains pedal efficency.
The Suspension System is sensible and offers mid stroke support, making playful riding easy.
Total Bearing Quality combines best bearing quality with precision machining in Germany.
Four Frame Sizes with lower stand over, shorter seat tubes and longer top tubes for sizes L and XL.
Four Build Kits, Frame Kit and Custom Build is what our Dortmund based assembly offers to suit your needs.
The Frame Design is ergonomic and minimalistic. The COAL provides all modern standards and carries a bottle.
For 2020 we added a new CLAY custom. All complete bikes are based on the proven CLAY (V2) frame and will be build according to the new 2020 specs.
CLAY SL was 5599 € now 4999 €
CLAY Race from 4699 €
CLAY Trail from 3699 €
CLAY Ride from 3349 €
CLAY Custom from 3349 €
CLAY Frame from 1599 €
|Geometry and Sizing
The CLAY geometry is characterized by the slack head angle of 65,3 degree, providing control and safety at the edge of grip. This comes combined with a steep seat angle of 75,3 degree for a great climbing position. The short 429 mm (16 7/8 inch) chain stay length makes manuals very easy. The top tube lengths are moderate, they contribute to make the CLAY very playful to ride.
All four frame sizes, S to XL, feature low stand over heights. Size specific the actual seat angle varies, so that the efficient seat angle is correct at the respective seat post extension for all sizes. The seat tube is straight, making it possible to slam even long dropper posts.
We recommend size Small for riders from 154 cm to 166 cm, Medium from 164 cm to 176 cm, Large from 174 cm to 186 cm and X-Large from 184 cm to 196 cm.
The new CLAY is provides better sizing consistency, shorter seat tubes for all sizes. The main updates are:
|Suspension and Metric Shocks
Responsible for the efficient suspension is the rocker actuated suspension system featuring in combination with metric shocks. The linkage allows to tune the force vs displacement curve independent of other aspects – for example the path of the rear axle. Mid travel the characteristic is linear with starting progression, which increases to a profound progression towards the end. The result is great feedback from the terrain, allowing you to use even small features to get airborne and push efficiently through berms.
The shock is placed inside the front triangle, well protected against mud and stones by the seat tube and down tube. All adjusters are easy to reach. This makes switching the platform mode during the ride very easy. There is sufficient space to fit even larger shocks with piggy back and also coil shocks. On request we can fit the Rock Shox Superdeluxe to your bike, air shock and coil shock options are available.
|Total Bearing Quality
Our trademark Total Bearing Quality comprises everything needed to create a high quality and long lasting bearing solution. Besides the bearings it´s about the bedding quality, the parallelity of bearing axises, the assembly quality and the protection against debris.
|Frame Design and Details
Material and Processing
The 6013 grade aluminum alloy is TIG welded by hand. After welding the frames go through T4 and T6 heat threatment processes to develop the superior fatigue strength of the 6013 alloy. To improve the fatigue strength, geometrical notches are reduced by using the smooth welding strategy.
The CLAY frame passes all test procedures that are necessary to qualify it for riding according to ASTM category 4, which is typical for enduro bikes. Due to it´s great strength the frame can be used for competitions and bike park riding, according to ASTM category 4.
Through Axle and Rear Width
The CLAY frame is compatible with 148 mm Boost spacing. Using a different derailleur eye and a special spacer it can be converted to 142 mm hub spacing. Boost and non Boost cranks will fit alike. Q-Factor 168 is required.
The X-12 compatible through axle operates with a nut that is threaded in the drop out. In case you strip the threads they can be replaced by changing this part. The frame is delivered with a DT Swiss RWS through axle. The lever is a plug-in type. If you don´t want to use the lever, pull it out and simply tighten the axle with an allen key.
Disc Brake Mount
The disc brake mount is postmount 180 type. The brake bolts use the threads provided in the dropout to save weight. In case you strip them, which is very unlikely, we provide barrel nuts that fit in the prepared pockets of the dropout. They provide a safe way to mount your disc brake.
Bottom Bracket and ISCG Mount
The bottom bracket is a classic threaded BSA type 73 mm wide. Chain guides may be attached to the ISCG 05 tabs. They are strong enough to support a crash plate as well.
The head tube is fully CNC machined. It will fit with zerostack headsets: top ZS44 and bottom ZS56.
Cable Routing
No sharp turns and good protection against thrown up rocks. Our cables are routed on top of the downtube. The brake cable is fully exterior to allow a quick brake swap. The derailleur cable runs through a CNC part, just above the main pivot, and is hidden under protective tape on the chainstay. The cable guides can be replaced by triple guides in case a third position is needed for the remote control cable for the shock.
Colors and Frame Decals
The COAL is available in black anodised, red and blue. The transparent colors red and blue are applied to the polished frame and create a shiny apperance in the light. Red and blue are powder coatings.
The frame decals are available in various colors. For full customization the vector file is available for download allowing you to create your personal decal set. Click here to download the file.
Frame Specification
|140 mm
|black anodized, transpearent red powder coated, transparent blue powder coated
|Rider Sizes
|154-166 cm, 164-176 cm, 174-186 cm, 184-196 cm
|Aluminum 6013 T6 frame and 7075 T6 milled parts
|Head Tube
|Max. Fork Travel
|180 mm
|Bottom Bracket
|BSA, 73 mm
|Q-168 is required
|Chain Guide Tabs
|Seat Tube
|31,6 mm
|Seat Clamp
|34,9 mm
|Shock Size
|210 x 55 mm
|compatible shocks
|Rock Shox Deluxe and Superdeluxe, Cane Creek DB IL
|other shocks
|Every other shock must be test assembled and checked for free running and to be collision free by a skilled technician
|Hardware top
|30,0 x 8,0 mm
|Hardware bottom
|22,2 x 8,0 mm
|full complement, stainless steel, sealed deep groove ball bearings, dimension 28x15x7 mm
|Bottle Cage
|yes, but for size S you will need to use a shock without piggy back
|Rear Width
|148 mm, with adapters and a different drop out 142 mm is possible
|Disc Mount
|Postmount 180, max. 203 mm discs
|Front Derailleur
|not possible, only one by drive trains
|27,5" up to 2,6" width (depends on tire/rim combination)
|2,89 kg


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PublikationerI urval från Stockholms universitets publikationsdatabas
2012. Tore Janson.
This is an introduction to the history of languages, from the distant past to a glimpse at what languages may be like in the distant future. It looks at how languages arise, change, and ultimately vanish, and what lies behind their different destinies. What happens to languages, he argues, has to do with what happens to the people who use them, and what happens to people, individually and collectively, is affected by the languages they speak.
The book opens by examining what the languages are the hunter-gatherers might have spoken and the changes to language that took place when agriculture made settled communities possible. It then looks at the effects of the invention of writing, the formation of empires, the spread of religions, and the recent dominance of world powers, and shows how these relate to great changes in the use of languages. Tore Janson discusses the appearance of new languages, the reasons why some languages spread and others die, considers whether similar cyclical processes are found at different times and places, and examines the causes of internal changes in languages and dialects.
The book ranges widely among the world's languages and mixes thematic chapters on general processes of change with accounts of specific languages, including Chinese, Arabic, Latin, Greek, and English.
Bok Germanerna2013. Tore Janson.
2013. Tore Janson. Vocative!, 219-234
Vocative forms appear in calls, which constitute a type of utterances; other types are statements, questions, and commands. Grammatical descriptions usually focus on sentences, the grammatical form of statements. This paper presents a sketch of the grammar of calls. The basic form of a call is a noun phrase denoting a person. Calls may include special marking to show the utterance type. There may be markers outside the noun phrase (utterance marking) or marking within the noun phrase (noun phrase marking). Some languages have one of the types and some have both. The types typically do not interfere but occur independently of each other. Utterance marking consists of special intonation or of an optional vocalic particle. Noun phrase marking may consist of suppletion, contraction or apocope of the noun, or of addition of an affix. The noun then has a special vocative form. In languages with obligatory case marking, noun marking of calls and marking of case may interfere in complex ways.


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Moving one step forward in its transition to become a Smart City, SINFONIA pilot Innsbruck has installed a novel biomass gasification CHP plant in the neighbourhood of the waste water treatment plant. This innovative plant converts local wood residues from the nearby forest and from the city's public park into a wood gas. Before the transformation, a dryer using waste heat from the process, is pre-drying the wood chips to optimise the operating conditions. The gas is then transformed into electricity and heat in a cogeneration plant.
Innovative technologies for CO2 savings
Thanks to an innovative form of combustion using a fixed bed reactor, no tar or particulate matter are produced within the biomass transformation process. Additionally, the conversion generates valuable by-products such as activated carbon that can be used in agriculture, or sludge granulate, known as a substitute fuel. With the adjacent sewage drying system, the mass of sludge will also be reduced by 75%, thus significantly cutting the CO2 emissions related to its transport.
Olympic swimming pool now heated with wood gas
The heat produced through the conversion process will be distributed to the Olympic swimming pool and to a nearby restaurant. The new system will be complemented by the installation of solar panels on the roof of the swimming pool and the biomass gasification plant.
Now in a trial period, the new biomass gasification plant was installed in record time: the construction began in early May 2016 and ended in December the same year. With this €2 million ecological investment, the city of Innsbruck is continuing the work carried out in the area to build up an integrated technology centre dedicated to renewable energies in the area of the waste water treatment plant. In the future, the municipality intends to set up a combination of smart and highly efficient installations in this area, that will contribute to the sustainable development of the city.


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Smaller Class Sizes
Our smaller class sizes allow students to get more individual instruction from teachers, and as a result progress at a faster level than in a large class environment. Our smaller class sizes also ensure that the teacher can catch any problems before they turn into bad habits or improper techniques.
Variety of Early Childhood Music and Dance Styles & Methods
Highly qualified teachers with training from a variety of Early Childhood training specialists on the international forefront are available to teach exciting classes with a variety of music selected from around the world, running the gamut of styles from traditional to contemporary, with fresh activities introduced year round.
Our Dance Studio Advantage – The "Floating" Professional Dance Floor
Our "Floating" Dance Floor rests on a system of high-density foam to absorb the shock and impact of regular dance movement. This benefits students by reducing fatigue and preventing injury that can result from dancing on hard surfaces.
Toddler Movement and Dance – for Ages 18 – 38 months
From the age of 18 months, kids are given a fun introduction to the basics of movement as a foundation to dance. This program provides a solid foundation for your child's future success in music and Ballet, Jazz, Tap and other styles of dance.
Recitals and Performances
Students are given performance experience in our year-end recital. Students also have the option to participate in additional events.
Programs for Special Learning Styles and Needs
Our teachers have successfully taught children with ADD, ADHD, autistic spectrum, hearing impairment and other learning needs in private and group settings. Our resources include teachers with graduate training in child psychology.


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This month, global banking giant Barclays PLC announced that it will form a new, standalone operations entity divorced structurally and financially from its underlying banking units. This is a new kind of business model taking place as a result of ring-fencing rules.
This content requires registration. Get access today by signing up here.


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Office Refurbishment: From Design to Building and Decorating
ARW Contracts' specialise in office refurbishments. From design, organising to building and decorating, ARW manages your project from the early ideas right through to completion. An office refurbishment can modernise and enrich your working environment increasing the morale within the office.
Modern business fundamentals require office space management as a must have; incorporating office layout, storage areas and additional seating as ARW recognises the importance of all these requirements. ARW considers all aspects of your office interior, offering expert advice regarding:
Office Partitions, Suspended Ceilings, Bespoke Office Furniture & Joinery, Office Flooring and Lighting, Air Conditioning Systems – to name a few!
An office refurbishment can create the perfect working environment and make substantial differences to your business. With proficient and innovative office space layouts ARW can transform your environment to being more efficient, economical and enhanced.


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PS4 - X1 (Currently expanding to PC)
About Us
Shotgun Academy is a Crucible Improvement Discord Community.
We are a diverse group of mentors, students, redditors, content creators, gun-testers and meta-breakers that have united together as brothers in arms. Our goal is to establish a community, in which players of all skill levels come together and help each other improve their skill in Destiny's Crucible.
Our Goals
PvP: Currently we are preparing ready for Destiny 2's Crucible, and with all game modes being 4v4 the best way to improve will be to always run with a squad. We currently have 300 dedicated pvp players in our discord that are all hungry to get on the grind to become the best and with the resources and skills we have acquired from 3 yrs of playing Destiny's regular crucible, sweats, and Trials of Osiris. We would like to welcome you regardless of skill or knowledge to join us in the new and exciting grind.
PvE: Destiny 2 will have all new PvE experiences for us to conquer, and in light of this we have found those within our ranks who are skilled in the ways of old. We will have a place for those who enjoy shooting the enemies more than their friends as well. So if PvE is more your forte, we would love to have you in our ranks and help build a PvE community.
How Can I Join?
Below you will find a link to our official website with information about us and links to our Twitter, Community Montages and most importantly our Discord Server. Discord is a free PC/Phone app that we use to communicate out of game and to organize play sessions or just to chat. Once you join make sure to visit the #welcome channel. From there one of our admins will get you set up and give you a breakdown of what goes on and how get involved.
Per Audacia ad astra


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These Only Go to 7: Mood Disorders and Healthy Expectations
In the cult classic "mockumentary", "This is Spinal Tap," there's a famous scene where a would-be rock star explains to an interviewer why his amplifiers go to 11, not the usual 10. Rather than try to capture the magic for you, I'll let you watch for yourself…
I haven't seen that movie in over twenty years, but I still regularly say "these go to 11" just about every time I am stumped and don't have a proper response.
Over the past few years, I've had so many doctors ask me to use the 1-10 scale to tell them how I'm doing with my mood disorders that I've become accustomed to thinking in those terms. I've certainly never made it to 11, but the truth is that I rarely live above a 5. What got me thinking was a great evening I had the other night. Ann went out with some friends, so I took my kids out for pizza and ice cream. A lot of times, sitting around the dinner table, trying to figure out how to have a meaningful dialogue with small children can be hard for me. I tend to feel like I'm failing unless we're discussing the pros and cons of universal healthcare or something like that. But they had recently downloaded the game Family Feud on my phone. Just like the TV version, the game we were playing gave us a certain amount of time to guess what the top answers were to some random question.
We had a blast playing this game while we waited for our food. Everyone was happy, even me. Then the pizza came and it was delicious. Afterwards we walked across the street for ice cream. We got in the car; no one spilled their ice cream; I don't think I had to referee even one argument for the entire evening. Once we were home, everyone did their own thing for a bit, and then I put my babies to bed.
A perfect daddy/kids date night, right?!
Well, almost. Ish. I mean I hate to say no, but the truth is that I'd rate the night about a 7. The reason for the 3 docked points? Simple: my mood-disorder-laden brain.
My brain that, even while playing Family Feud was racing with all the possible negative outcomes for the evening or just for life in general. I couldn't help but psychoanalyze the picture perfect family in the corner, knowing that, as with all such families, it takes a lot of work to seem so put together, to pretend so hard. And every time someone wandered through the door, there was my grim, obsessive reminder that all mass shootings begin with someone innocently walking through a door. I played out scenarios in my head, wondering what I'd do. Would I be able to protect my kids? What if I turned out to be a coward and got one of my kids killed? Would I kill myself? And of course, there was the meta analysis of my own situation: I wondered why I couldn't just relax. I chastised myself for failing to relax. I took some deep breaths. But nothing calmed my uncalmable brain.
We boxed up our left-over pizza and headed for ice cream. It was delicious. My daughter asked for a taste of the flavor I always get and then ordered herself a cup. She seemed so grown up, ordering something other than chocolate ice cream with sprinkles. So I began thinking of how much I want to hold onto her and keep her safe. I thought about the mean girls and mean boys that are just starting to enter her social world. I thought of how much harder it will get in a few years when the hormones knock all of us upside the head for a few years. I just love her so much; can't I keep her from getting hurt in any way, shape, or form? Please! Grant me this one power!
And I thought about my little boy who is still every bit a little boy, naive to all the complex realities of life that his sister is starting to taste. He likes Legos and Hot Wheels. And I adore him and want him to stay like he is. But I also want to help him grow up. What if I'm not up to the task?
So by the time we arrived home I was far off in a distant land, pondering the same things I ponder day in and day out, worrying about the same things, obsessing over the same things…scared of letting my family down, but also wanting a massive stroke to take me out any day now so I can be done with this incessant pain.
When I thought about our perfect evening together, I realized I'd probably give it a 7. Not because anything was wrong, but because for me, even when everything is right, the broken wires in my brain tell me not to get too comfortable because that's when disaster strikes. The broken wires force me to feel like some futuristic movie robot who is constantly receiving a Google search's worth of information about everything I lay eyes on. Maybe in an ideal world, I could shift my expectations and just accept that, for me, what I experienced that night was, in fact, a 10. Hell, you can call 10 whatever you want to, just like the Spinal Tap so wisely teaches us.
But not really, unfortunately. There's something in the human brain…or even in an animal's brain come to think of it…that knows when things aren't quite right. No amount of wishing or wanting has enabled my brain to simply accept reality on its own terms, to embrace an evening that is a "Perfect 7". Plain and simple, there is just something broken: call it depression or bi-polar disorder or the more vague-sounding "mood disorder"…Whatever it is, it won't let me turn the nob past seven.
And this is my message yet again. It will be the same message in 20 years I'm sure: People with a mental illness deserve some grace just as much as people who are in a wheelchair or bald with terminal cancer. Life is different for us…fundamentally and irrevocably different. I even had a therapist balk at this concept one time – the idea that a mental illness qualifies as a disability. She didn't want me thinking I could just get away with a poor-me attitude all the time. And I get that. That's not helpful for someone who has cancer or is in a wheelchair or who has a mental illness.
On the other hand, I think it can be very helpful to recognize that we are in fact different and we have different needs and capabilities because of our broken parts. For me at least, this doesn't lead to a woe-is-me mentality as much as it leads me to have grace for myself when I need more time alone than others or when I can't handle a chaotic restaurant or when I feel both joyful and profoundly sad when I spend time with my kids because my brain won't let me forget how temporary this all is. I've spent my whole life chastising myself for not being able to "just get over" certain things. But when I treat myself with respect and grace and kindness, seeing the unique ways that my brokenness comes with a flip side of compassion and understanding for others, I can treat my "weakness" a bit differently.
I'm still sad that my amps only go to 7. Very sad. Devastated, actually. But having compassion for myself inches me a bit closer to feeling like that 7 is something to be excited about, even though it will never be a 10 (or 11).
I write this blog to let people know they are not alone. If you know someone who might need to read something like this, please pass it along or encourage them to email me at email@example.com.
To Know We Are Not Alone is now an official 501c3 entity. Our mission is to educate, encourage, and connect people who suffer from mental illnesses. Please help with a small (or large) donation if you can. You can do so here.
More importantly, if you know someone who needs to know that they are not alone in their struggle with relationships or mental illness, please share this post/blog with them. Thank you!
Want to know when there's something new here? Sign up for the blog below. Tim also has a Facebook community called To Know We Are Not Alone and frankly, so if you're on Facebook, join us there, too. [jetpack_subscription_form title="" subscribe_text="" subscribe_button="Sign Me Up"]


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Stock edition of this great custom softail bags of heritage and in a superb colour, great condition and the first of the Milwaukee 8's. Call Keith at Norwich, or Richard, James or Chris at Newmarket. This bike will come with FREE 12 Months Harley-Davidson® Originals Warranty which includes a 99 Point Check by our Factory Trained Technicians, 12 Months Genuine H-D® Mechanical Warranty and 12 Months H-D® Rescue and Recovery and a full HPI Check for your have peace of mind. We are a part of the Lind Group and carry the largest selection of used H-D's in the UK. We only use Genuine H-D Parts and Oils and each bike's software is updated via our Genuine H-D Diagnostic computer software, we also check and action any outstanding update recalls where applicable, We offer Nationwide Delivery, PX Welcome, Finance, Personal Contract Purchase Plans available. You could decide to Extended your Warranty for more than 12 months. Our fully equipped workshop and Parts department can meet all your Servicing and Customization needs, whilst our Boutique carries one of the largest and varied stocks of Clothing and Merchandise in the UK. Find us at 120 Ber Street, Norwich NR1 3ES Open 5 days 8.30 to 17.30 Tuesday to Friday, 9.00 to 17.00 Saturday. Check our other adverts for similar Softail FLST, FLSTC, FLSTF, FLSTN, FLSTS, FLSTSB, FLSTSC, FXCW, FXCWC, FXST, FXSTB, FXSTC, FXSB, CVO Anniversary, Black Line, Custom, Deuce, Night Train, Rocker, Slim, Breakout, Rocker C, Breakout, FXBB, FXFB, FLFB, FLFBS, FXBR, FXBRS, FLDE, FLSL, FXFBS, FXLR, FLHC, FLHCS,FXDR
Denim Black / industrial Grey, 1,868 cc, Manual 6 Speed, 2017 17 Reg, 9,058 miles, ABS, Alarm & immobiliser, Cruise Control, Panniers, Signature Daymaker Headlight , £14,995.00.


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ESM Hampshire Mill Has New Certification from Nadcap
HAMPSHIRE, IL / ACCESSWIRE / December 2, 2019 / ESM Hampshire Mill or Elgiloy Specialty Metals in Hampshire, Illinois, located at One Hauk Road Hampshire, IL 60140, has announced with pride that they have received a new certification. The Nadcap Management Council had granted and awarded the certificate to demonstrate conformance and recognition of accreditation for certain services as listed on the Qualified Manufacturers List (QML) in www.eAuditNet.com, to the revision in effect at the time of the audit for Materials Testing Laboratories.
Nadcap provides an industry-managed approach to the assessment of conformity in companies. Various technical experts from both government and industry collaborate in specifying the requirements for accreditation. The result is a standardized approach to quality assurance and the elimination of redundancy in auditing throughout the aerospace industry. This is because prime contractors, government representatives, and suppliers have combined their expertise in establishing a program that accomplishes several objectives.
The objectives of Nadcap include the establishment of stringent industry standards that comply with the requirements of all participants; replacement of the usual auditing of suppliers with just one approved through a consensus decision-making procedure of members from the user community; performance of technically superior and more in-depth critical process audits, enhancement of supplier quality through strict criteria; reduction of costs through standardization; use of technically well-versed auditors to ensure process familiarity; and more frequent audits for prime contractors and fewer audits for suppliers.
ESM Hampshire Mill is the industry's leading precision stainless steel re-roll mill. They process stainless steel and nickel-based alloys that are used in a wide range of industries, including medical, automotive, consumer products, petrochemical, and aerospace. Their state-of-the-art conversion mill is located on a 25-acre site in Hampshire, Illinois. They state that what makes them stand out from the crowd is their short lead times and smaller minimum quantities. This allows their customers to get their needed materials in the same month as they placed their order. Those who would like to know more about ESM can view their Facebook page.
ESM Hampshire Mill offers a wide range of alloys to meet specific requirements. These can be classified into various categories: austenitic, ferritic, duplex, martensitic, and PH Grades. Their precision re-roll mill has various capabilities. These include the Sundwig 40″ reversing mill; 52″ Drever horizontal furnace; 40″ Ebner vertical furnace; Braner Prep Line; 52″ Herr-Voss Tension Leveler; precision strip slitting; and a 52″ cleaning/degreasing line. It should also be noted that their capabilities are constantly evolving. Thus, customers who have certain requirements may want to contact them if they can't find their specific needs.
Those who are interested in learning more about the new certification received by ESM Hampshire Mill can check out their website or contact them on the phone or through email.
For more information about ESM – Hampshire Mill, contact the company here:
ESM – Hampshire Mill
Louis J. Lafolla General Manager Commercial Elgiloy Specialty Metals – Hampshire Division
ESM – Hampshire Mill
One Hauk Drive
Hampshire, IL 60140
SOURCE: Elgiloy Specialty Metal
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I Sometimes walk in a large garden where the evening primrose is permitted to grow, but only at the extreme end of the ground, thrust away, as it were, back against the unkept edge with its pretty tangle of thorn, briar, and woodbine, to keep company there with a few straggling poppies, with hollyhock, red and white foxglove, and other coarse and weed-like plants, all together forming a kind of horizon, dappled with colour, to the garden on that side, a suitable background to the delicate more valued blooms. It has a neglected appearance, its tall straggling stems insufficiently clothed with leaves, leaning away from contact with the hedge; a plant of somewhat melancholy aspect, suggesting to a fanciful mind the image of a maiden originally intended by Nature to be her most perfect type of grace and ethereal loveliness, but who soon out-grew her strength with all beauty of form, and who now wanders abroad, careless of appearances, in a faded flimsy garment, her fair yellow hair dishevelled, her mournful eyes fixed ever on the earth where she will shortly be.
I never pass this weedy, pale-flowered alien without stooping to thrust my nose into first one blossom then another, and still another, until that organ, like some industrious bee, is thickly powered
[graphic][merged small]
with the golden dust. If, after an interval, I find myself once more at the same spot, I repeat this performance with as much care as if it was a kind of religious ceremony it would not be safe to omit; and at all times I am as reluctant to pass without approaching my nose to it, as the great Dr. Johnson was to pass a street-post without touching it with his hand. My motive, however,is not a superstitious one, nor is it merely one of those meaningless habits which men sometimes contract, and of which they are scarcely conscious. "When I first knew the evening primrose, where it is both a wild and a garden flower and very common, I did not often smell at it, but was satisfied to inhale its subtle fragrance from the air. And this reminds me that in England it does not perfume the air as it certainly does on the pampas of La Plata, in the early morning in places where it is abundant; here its fragrance, while unchanged in character, has either become less volatile or so diminished in quantity that one is not sensible that the flower possesses a perfume until he approaches his nose to it.
My sole motive in smelling the evening primrose is the pleasure it gives me. This pleasure greatly surpasses that which I receive from other flowers far more famous for their fragrance, for it is in a great degree mental, and is due to association. Why is this pleasure so vivid, so immeasurably greater than the mental pleasure afforded by the sight of the flower? The books tell us that sight, the most important of our senses, is the most intellectual; while smell, the least important, is in man the most emotional sense. This is a very brief statement of the fact; I will now restate it another way and more fully.
I am now holding an evening primrose in my hand. As a fact at this moment I am holding nothing but the pen with which I am writing this chapter; but T am supposing myself tback in the garden, and holding the flower that first suggested this train of thought. I turn it about this way and that, and although it pleases it does not delight, does not move me: certainly I do not think very highly of its beauty, although it is beautiful; placed beside the rose, the fuchsia, the azalea, or the lily, it would not attract the eye. But it is a link with the past, it summons vanished scenes to my mind. I recognize that the plant I plucked it from possesses a good deal of adaptiveness, a quality one would scarcely suspect from seeing it only in an English garden. Thus I remember that I first knew it as a garden flower, that it grew large, on a large plant, as here; that on summer evenings I was accustomed to watch its slim, pale, yellow buds unfold, and called it, when speaking in Spanish, by its quaint native name of James of the night, and, in English, primrose simply. I recall with a smile that it was a shock to my childish mind to learn that our primrose was not the primrose. Then, I remember, came the time when I could ride out over the plain; and it surprised me to discover that this primrose, unlike the four-o'clock and morningglory, and other evening flowers in our garden, was also a wild flower. I knew it by its unmistakable perfume, but on those plains, where the grass was cropped close, the plant was small, only a few inches high, and the flowers no bigger than buttercups. Afterwards I met with it again in the swampy woods and everglades along the Plata River; and there it grew tall and rank, five or six feet high in some cases, with large flowers that had only a faint perfume. Still later, going on longer expeditions, sometimes with cattle, I found it in extraordinary abundance on the level pampas south of the Salado River; there it was a tall slender plant, grass-like among the tall grasses, with wide open flowers about an inch in diameter, and not more than two or three on each plant. Finally, I remember that on first landing in Patagonia, on a desert part of the coast, the time being a little after daybreak, I became conscious of the familiar perfume in the air, and, looking about me, discovered a plant growing on the barren sand not many yards from the sea; there it grew, low and bush-like in form, with stiff horizontal stems and a profusion of small symmetrical flowers.
All this about the plant, and much more, with many scenes and events of the past, are suggested to my mind by the flower in my hand; but while these scenes and events are recalled with pleasure, it is a kind of mental pleasure that we frequently experience, and very slight in degree. But when I approach the flower to my face and inhale its perfume, then a shock of keen pleasure is experienced, and a mental change so great that it is like a miracle. For a space of time so short that if it could be measured it would probably be found to occupy no more than a fraction of a second, I am no longer in an English garden recalling and consciously thinking about that vanished past, but during that brief moment time and space seem annihilated and the past is now. I am again on the grassy pampas, where I have been sleeping
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very soundly under the stars,—would that I could now sleep as soundly under a roof! It is the moment of wakening, when my eyes are just opening to the pure over-arching sky, flushed in its eastern half with tender colour; and at the moment that nature thus reveals itself to my vision in its exquisite morning beauty and freshness, I am sensible of the subtle primrose perfume in the air. The
blossoms are all about me, for miles and for leagues on that great level expanse, as if the morning wind had blown them out of that eastern sky and scattered their pale yellow stars in millions over the surface of the tall sere grass.
I do not say that this shock of pleasure I have described, this vivid reproduction of a long past scene, is experienced each time I smell the flower; it is experienced fully only at long intervals, after weeks and months, when the fragrance is, so to speak, new to me, and afterwards in a lesser degree on each repetition, until the feeling is exhausted. If I continue to smell again and again at the flower, I do it only as a spur to memory; or in a mechanical way, just as a person might always walk along a certain path with his eyes fixed on the ground, remembering that he once on a time dropped some valuable article there, and although he knows that it was lost irrecoverably, he still searches the ground for it.
Other vegetable odours affect me in a similar way, but in a very much fainter degree, except in one or two cases. Thus, the Lombardy poplar was one of the trees I first became acquainted with in childhood, and it has ever since been a pleasure to me to see it; but in spring, when its newly opened leaves give out their peculiar aroma, for a moment, when I first smell it, I am actually a boy again, among the tall poplar trees, their myriads of heartshaped leaves rustling to the hot November wind, and sparkling like silver in the brilliant sunshine.
More than that, I am, in that visionary moment, clinging fast to the slim vertical branches, high above the earth, forty or fifty feet perhaps; and just where I have ceased from climbing, in the cleft of a branch and against the white bark, I see the dainty little cup-shaped nest I have been seeking; and round my head, as I gaze down in it, delighted at the sight of the small pearly eggs it contains, flutter the black-headed, golden-winged siskins, uttering their long canary-like notes of solicitude. It all comes and goes like a flash of lightning, but the scene revealed, and the accompanying feeling, the complete recovery of a lost sensation, are wonderfully real. Nothing that we see or hear can thus restore the past. The sight of the poplar tree, the sound made by the wind in its summer foliage, the song of the golden-winged siskins when I meet with them in captivity, bring up many past scenes to my mind, and among others the picture I have described; but it is a picture only, until the fragrance of the poplar touches the nerve of smell, and then it is something more.
I have no doubt that my experience is similar to that of others, especially of those who have lived a rural life, and whose senses have been trained by an early-acquired habit of attention. When we read of Cuvier (and the same thing has been recorded of others), that the scent of some humble flower or weed, familiar to him in boyhood, would always affect him to tears, I presume that the poiguant feeling of grief—grief, that is, for the loss of a vanished happiness—which ended in tears, succeeded to some such vivid representation of the past as I have described, and to the purely delightful recovery of a vanished sensation. Not only flowery and aromatic odours can produce this powerful effect; it is caused by any smell, not positively disagreeable, which may be in any way associated with a happy period in early or past life: the smell, for instance, of peat smoke, of a brewery, a tan yard, of cattle and sheep, and sheep-folds, of burning weeds, brushwood, and charcoal; the dank smell of marshes, and the smell, "ancient and fish-like," that clings about many seaside towns and villages; also the smell of the pea itself, and of decaying seaweed, and the dusty smell of rain in summer, and the smell of new mown hay, and of stables and of freshly-ploughed ground, with so many others that every reader can add to the list from his own experience. Being so common a thing, it may be thought that I have dwelt too long on it. My excuse must be that some things are common without being familiar; also that some common things have not yet been explained.
Locke somewhere says that unless we refresh our mental pictures of what we have seen by looking again at their originals, they fade, and in the end are lost. Bain appears to have the same opinion, at all events he says: "The simplest impression that can be made, of taste, smell, touch, hearing, sight, needs repetition in order to endure of its own accord." Probably it is a fact that when any scene, not yet lost by the memory, a house, let us say, is looked at again after a long interval, it does not, unless seen in a new setting, create a new image distinct from the old and faded one, but covers the former image, so to speak, the preexistent picture, and may therefore be said to freshen it. Most of the impressions we receive are no doubt very transitory, but it is certainly an error that all our mental pictures, not freshened in the way described, fade and disappear, since it is in the experience of every one of us that many mental pictures of scenes looked at once only, and in some cases only for a few moments, remain persistently in the mind. But the remembered scenes or objects do not present themselves to the mental eye perfect and in their first vivid colours, except on very rare occasions; they are like certain old paintings that always look dark and obscured until a wet sponge is passed over them, whereupon for a short time they recover their clearness of outline and brilliancy of colour. In recalling the past, emotion plays the part of the wet sponge, and it is excited most powerfully in us when we encounter, after a long interval, some once familiar odour associated in some way with the picture recalled. But why? Not finding an answer in the books, I am compelled to seek for one, true or false, in the wilderness of my own mind.
The reason, I imagine, is that while smells are so much to us they cannot, like things seen and things heard, be reproduced in the mind, but are at once forgotten. It is true that in the books smell is classified along with taste, as being much lower or less intellectual than sight and hearing, for the reason (scarcely a valid one) that there must be actual contact of the organ of smell with the object smelt, or a material emanation from, and portion of, such object, although the object itself might be miles away beyond the sight or even beyond the horizon. The light of nature is enough to show how false the arrangement is that places smell and taste together, as much lower and widely apart from sight and hearing. Rather the extreme delicacy of the olfactory nerve, raises smell to the rank of an intellectual sense, but very little below the two first and higher senses. And yet, while sights and sounds are retained and can be reproduced at will, and their phantasms are like the reality, an odour has no phantasm in the brain; or, to be very exact, the phantasm of an odour, or its presentment or representation, is so faint and quickly gone when any effort is made to recover it, that, compared with the distinct and abiding presentments of sights and sounds, it is as nothing. Imagine, for example, that you had often seen "Windsor Castle, and knew a great deal about it, its history, its noble appearance, which will look familiar to you when you see it again and affect you pleasantly as in the past; and that yet you could not see it with the mind's eye, but that when, after a recent visit, you tried to see it mentally, nothing but a formless, dim, whitish patch appeared, only to disappear in an instant and come no more. Such a case would represent our condition with regard to even the strongest and most familiar smells. Yet in spite of our inability to recall them, we do distinctly make the effort; and in the case of some strong odour which we have recently inhaled the mind mocks us with this faint shadow of a phantasm; and this vain, or almost vain, effort of the mind, seems to show that odours in some past period of our history were so much more to us than they are now that they could be vividly reproduced, and that this power has been lost, or, at all events, is so weakened as to be of no use.
I find that Bain, who makes different and contradictory statements on this subject in his work on the Senses and the Intellect, has the following sentence, with which I agree: "By a great effort of the mind, we may approach very near to the recovery of a smell that we have been extremely familiar with, as, for example, the odour of coffee, and if we were more dependent on ideas of smell, we might succeed much better." A very big if, by the way; but it is probable that some savages, and some individuals among us that have a very acute sense of smell, do succeed much better. This sense being so much more to dogs than to man, it is not strange that they remember smells rather than sights, and can reproduce the sensation of smells, as their twitching and sniffing noses when they dream seem to show.
This approacli in ourselves to the recovery of a strong or familiar smell, this dim white patch, to speak in metaphor, the ghost of a phantasm of a smell, seems to have misled the philosophers into the idea that we can mentally reproduce odours. Bain, as I have said, contradicts himself, and therefore, excepting in the sentence I have quoted, must be put down among those who are against me; and with him are McOosh, Bastian, Luys, Ferrier, and others who write on the brain and the mind. Do they copy from each other? It is very odd that they all tell us that we know very little about the sense of smell, and prove it by affirming that we can recall the sensations produced by odours, in some cases quoting the poet:
Odours, when sweet violets sicken,
Live within the sense they quicken.
I was seriously alarmed at the beginning of this inquiry by reading in McCosh, "When the organs of taste and smell, supposed by Ferrier to be at the back of the head, are diseased or out of order, the reproduction of the corresponding sensations may be indistinct." So indistinct was the reproduction in my own case, even of the smell of coffee, that after reading this passage I began to fear that my own brain had misled me, and so, to satisfy myself on the point, I consulted others, friends and acquaintances, who all began trying to recall the sensations produced on them by the odours they were most familiar with. The result of their efforts has restored my peace of mind. With the exception of two or three ladies, who, having no male relations to make up their minds for them, profess to be still in doubt, all sadly acknowledged that they find themselves poorer by one faculty than they had supposed themselves to be; that they began trying to recall smells in the belief that they had the power; that they found that they could almost do it, then began to doubt, and finally with a feeling of impotence, of being baffled, gave it up.
A simple mental experiment may serve to convince any person who tries it that the sensations of smell do not reproduce themselves in the mind. We think of a rose, or a lily, or a violet, and a feeling of pleasure attends the thought; but that this feeling is caused solely by the image of something beautiful to the eye becomes evident when we proceed to think of some artificial perfume, or extract, or essence of a flower. The extract, we know, gave us far more pleasure than the slight perfume of the flower, but there is no feeling of pleasure in thinking of it: it is nothing more than an idea in the mind. On the other hand, when we remember some extremely painful scene that we have witnessed, or some sound, expressing distress or anguish, that we have heard, something of the distressed feeling experienced at the time is reproduced in us; and it is common to hear people say, It makes me sad, or makes me dizzy, or makes my blood run cold, when I think of it; which is literally true, because in thinking of it they again (in a sense) see and hear it. But to think of evil odours does not affect us at all: we can, in imagination, uncork and sniff at cans of petroleum and saturate our pocket-handkerchiefs with assafoetida or carbolic acid, or walk behind adust-cart, or wade through miles of fetid slime in some tropical morass, or take up some mephitic animal, like the skunk, and fondle it as we would a kitten, yet experience no pain, and no sensation of nausea. We can, if we like, call up all the sweet and abominable smells in nature, just as Owen Glendower called spirits from the vasty deep, but, like the spirits, they refuse to come; or they come not as smells but as ideas, so that phosphuretted hydrogen causes no pain, and frangipani no pleasure. We only know that smells exist; that we have roughly classified them as fragrant, aromatic, fresh, ethereal,stimulating, acrid, nauseous, and virulent; that each of these generic names includes a very large number of distinct odours : we know them all because the mind has taken note of the distinct character of each, and of its effect on us, not because it has registered a sensation in our brain to be reproduced at will, as in the case of something we have seen or heard.
It is true that we are equally powerless to recall tastes. Bain admits that these sensations are deficient as regards the power of being remembered "; but he did not discover the fact himself, nor does he verify it from his own experience, merely telling us that "Longet observes." But taste is not an emotional sense. I know, for instance, that if I were to partake of some once familiar, long untasted dish, flavoured, let me say, with some such abomination (to the English palate) as cummin-seed or garlic; some vegetable, or fruit, wild or cultivated, that I never see in England, it would not move me as I am moved by an odour, and would perhaps give me less pleasure than a dish of strawberries and cream. For in the flavour there is obvious contact with the organ of taste; it is gross and inseparable from the thing eaten to supply a bodily waut, and gives a momentary and purely animal gratification; therefore to the mind it is not in the same category, but very much lower than that invisible, immaterial something that flies to us, not to give a sensuous pleasure only, but also to lead, to warn, to instruct, and call up before the mental eye bright images of things unseen. Consequently our inability to recall past flavours is not felt as a loss, and no effort is made to recover them; they are lost and were not worth keeping.
This, then, to my mind, is the reason that smell is an emotional sense in so great a degree, compared with the other senses,—namely, because, like sight and hearing, it is an intellectual sense, and because, unlike sight and hearing, its sensations are forgotten; and when after a long interval a forgotten odour, once familiar and associated intimately with the past, is again encountered, the sudden, unexpected recovery of a lost sensation affects us in some such way as the accidental discovery of a store of gold, hidden away by ourselves in some past period of our life and forgotten; or as it would affect us to be met face to face by some dear friend, long absent and supposed to be dead. The suddenly recovered sensation is more to us for a moment than a mere sensation; it is like a recovery of the irrecoverable past. We are not moved in this way, or at all events not nearly in the same degree, by seeing objects or hearing sounds that are associated with and recall past scenes, simply because the old familiar sights and sounds have never been forgotten; their phantasms have always existed in the brain. If, for instance, I hear a bird's note that I have not heard for the last twenty years, it is not as if I had not really heard it, since I have listened .to it mentally a thousand times during the interval, and it does not surprise or come to me like something that was lost and is recovered, and consequently does not move me. And so with the sensation of sight; I cannot think of any fragrant flower that grows in my distant home without seeing it, so that its beauty may always be enjoyed ;—but its fragrance, alas, has vanished and returns not!


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Eureka located in Woodford county. Eureka located in zip zode 61611 and 61530. There is a 24 month (s) supply of inventory on the market in Eureka on Sep 30, 2020.
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TORONTO — NDP leader Tom Mulcair struggled in his first election debate to inject himself into free-for-all exchanges on energy and the economy, though he managed a few mild zingers directed the prime minister's way.
The often passionate orator kept "Angry Tom" at bay, but in so doing kept a near-constant smile on his face, even while making dire predictions — a look some viewers on social media described as "creepy."
Mulcair wore a grin while saying Harper's energy policies are "hurting Canada's international reputation" and while discussing the growth of Canada's debt under Harper's leadership.
During the energy segment, Mulcair appeared hesitant to jump in, leaving the economic debates to take place largely between Harper and Liberal Leader Justin Trudeau.
But when he spoke up, Mulcair made relatively succinct points, talked about concrete policies and hammered the prime minister on the economy while getting in a few jabs.
Harper is the first prime minister who can say "which one?" when asked about a recession under his watch, Mulcair said.
The economy has been contracting for five months, which means Canada is one month away from the technical definition of another recession, he added.
"I'm not denying that," Harper replied.
Later in the debate, Mulcair was put on the defensive, first by Green party Leader Elizabeth May pressing him for a firm position on the Kinder Morgan pipeline, then by both Trudeau and Harper on Quebec sovereignty.
Mulcair came under attack from both flanks on his position that a bare majority of 50 per cent plus one vote should be sufficient to trigger negotiations on Quebec's separation from Canada.
"You're trying to throw gasoline on a fire that isn't even burning," Harper said.
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