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Like most states, Pennsylvania has a Wage Payment and Collection Law. This law requires employers, on regular pay days designated in advance, to pay wages owed either by lawful money of the United States or by check. The Act defines the term check as a "draft." While the terms "draft" and "lawful money" are not defined, the common definition of these terms accepted by the courts respectively is an unconditional written order signed by one person directing another to be paid, and officially coined or stamped currency. Obviously, in 1961 when the Act was written, the legislature did not contemplate today's e-economy or the use of payroll debit cards.
Unhappy employees of a McDonald's franchise brought suit against their restaurant and its owners when they were required to accept their weekly wages on a payroll debit card. In Siciliano, et al, v. Albert/Carol Mueller, t/a McDonalds, et al., applying Pennsylvania's Wage Payment Collection Law to this new economy currency, the Superior Court of Pennsylvania found that requiring the acceptance of wages on a payroll debit card violated this Act. In so holding, the Court noted that a payroll debit card literally fit neither the definition of check or lawful money of the United States. The Court distinguished the payment of wages by direct deposit by noting that Pennsylvania's Banking Code was amended to permit payments required to be made in lawful money or by check to include credits to a recipient's bank account. The Court also distinguished debit cards from direct deposits by noting that the latter was only permissible if authorized in writing by the employee. The use of debit cards in this matter, however, was not authorized by employees. Their use, moreover, subjected employees involuntarily to various bank user fees; thus, lowering the employees' take home pay, which would not happen with direct deposits, a check, or cash. The Court did note that the consensual use of payroll debit cards may not run afoul of the Pennsylvania Statute.
Unless Pennsylvania employers wish to digest an unhappy meal of both compensatory and punitive damages and litigation costs, topped off with a night cap of both their own and their employees' attorneys' fees, they will continue to have the stagecoach bring their employees' pay by check or cash.


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Today I stood in for Jane Fishwick at Clean as a Whistle at the Thursday morning (9.30am to 11.30am) BNI Mercury Chapter meeting.When you go to one of these meetings on behalf of someone else you are called a 'sub' I have become 'subbing Sarah' nice nickname hey, could be worse, in actual fact I have been called worse come to think of it!!!What is BNI? BNI is a Business Networking Institute and is a Global strategic alliance for business networking. If you own your own business or work for someone its a good place to market your wares.Why attend these meetings?
As a BNI member each week we have the opportunity to promote our cause for 60 very quick seconds, however its visitors day tomorrow, we still get 60 seconds but are allowed to take visitors and visitors mean points on our target traffic light system.Next week is Kim's allocated 10 minute presentation to promote Sundowns. Hopefully I have done it justice, the rest is up to Kim.....good luck!!!Sarah xx
Tonight I went to Odeon Bromborough (I have purchased a one day travel insurance through Compare the Market to qualify for the Meerkat Movies two for one, which cost me a grand total of £4.36) so nipping out to the cinema with my 14 year old son has become a regular habit.London Has Fallen stars Gerard Butler as a fantastic body guard to the American President. This film is the sequel to Olympus Has Fallen and has a very similar story line. The Prime Minister of England has died. London comes under attack at the State Funeral.
Happy Tuesday, the sun is shining, the daffodils are blooming, and the sky is blue. Spring has arrived.
Due to popular demand we have added another date for pampering. We will be at The Welcome Center on Thursday 17th March 1pm til 4pm. Come along for a 5 minute facial, feel pampered and treat yourself. Face, hands and even feet can get the pampering treatments available. See you there. Thanks Sarah
Happy MondayWe are hosting a Tropic Skincare Pamper Party this Friday 18th March 2016 7pm onwards for all our members. Please email Sarah if you would like to come and I will send you the venue address.Thanks Sarah
As a local Charity we are members of BNI Mercury, the largest business networking organisation in the World. The weekly meetings allow us to effectively promote Sundowns not only with the 20 or so business men and women in the room but also every person that they come into contact with while doing their daily business. BNI Mercury is hosted by Holiday Inn at Hoylake on Thursday mornings at 9.30am til 11.30am and breakfast is included. Each member has a 60 second slot to promote their business and on a rota basis one member will be allocated 10 minutes to do a presentation.
Unfortunately the Easter Bag Pack on Good Friday 25th march 2016 has been cancelled by Sainsbury's Head Office. The next available date is Sunday 4th September 2016 which we have requested, will keep you all updated. Sarah
Saturday 19th March 2016 - Easter Fair 11am to 2pm, Ashville Lodge, Ashville Road, Birkenhead, CH41 8AU. FREE ADMISSSION. Easter Egg Hunt £1.50. All proceeds to Wirral Society of the Blind.GOOD FRIDAY 25th March 2016 - Sainsbury's PRENTON Fundraising Bag Pack. Volunteers needed. All proceeds to SUNDOWNS.Saturday 23rd April 2016 - Fashion Show starts at 7pm at The Welcome Centre, all items reduced. £5 Entry fee.
Happy Mother's Day to all our Mums xx
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I always like to give my Secret Santa some inspiration so as to not leave a potentially clueless gift-giver up to their own devices. Yeah, yeah, yeah, I know, it's the thought that counts. But some folks are so inept (read: thoughtless) when it comes to gifts that I'd rather just make a list. That way, no one is hassled, disappointed, or stressed. As an adult who really likes to eat, I've noticed that many of my ideas now involve bolstering my kitchen. So, whether you're looking for things you want jolly old St. Nick to bring you, or for ideas to get the food-and-drink-lover in your life, here are 11 items from Amazon you should definitely consider:
Cold Brew Coffee Maker, $47.59 on Amazon
I have a 16-month old son who is a ball of pure activity. I need caffeine. I prefer cold beverages, and I don't like anything too acidic. Thank you, coffee innovators, for giving me cold brew—a tasty, strong, low-acidic, cold coffee. My preference leans toward this OXO model. I get about 20 ounces of concentrate, good for ten 8-10 ounce beverages per brew. If your coffee-drinker likes his or her drink hot, no problem. Because you're dealing with concentrate, you add water, milk and/or ice to make your drink, so just add hot water for a hot cup o' joe. Oh, and one more thing: You can cold brew tea too!See It
Cold Brew Coffee Grounds, $12.65 on Amazon
See above for why this wonderful elixir is worth your while. Unfortunately, it's still tough to find cold brew coffee grounds at the store. You really want to get grounds made for cold brew to ensure the best taste and texture. Why? Grinding your own at the store or even at Starbuck's might yield grounds not suitable or coarse enough, and leave you with too much sediment in your cup (pass). Try this stuff from Tiny Footprint and feel good about the taste, the price, and the environment! See It
Milk Frother, $17.55 on Amazon
Another coffee-related item, this great device will turn the recipient into a full-blown barista (Not really, but let's be real: a lot of folks go with a latte when hittin' up the Starbies, so this is a good bet). I like this one from aerolatte. Just heat up your milk in the microwave, dip this baby in, fire it up for 30 seconds, and you have a froth fit for your mother-in-law's skim latte. See It
Instant Iced Tea Maker, $29 and up on Amazon
While cold brew and sun tea are great, they take a long time to make. When you find yourself in a thirst-induced jam leaving you in dire need of a tasty, zero calorie, non-carbonated refreshment, a "long time" will not do. That's when an instant iced tea maker, like this one from Mr. Coffee (don't let the name fool you), will take you from parched to pleased in no time at all.See It
Cast Iron Skillet, $28.40 and up on Amazon
I'm not a trendster, I promise. I'm just a guy who likes good food, easy prep, and simple clean up. That's why the cast iron is great. I use this Lodge 12-incher. From fish, to beef, to pork, to chicken, to sausage, to vegetables (okay, we get it), the cast iron cooks it. Light up the stove. The cast iron can cook there. Pre-heat the oven. The cast iron can cook there. Start the grill. The cast iron can cook there. Build a campfire (OKAY, WE GET IT!). The cast iron can cook there. Cast iron skillets last forever, give your food a nice sear, and wipe down easily (as long as it's seasoned) once you're done cooking. Oh, and they're cheap! See It
To cook meat well, I rely on tongs. Not a spatula. Not a fork (bush league). Tongs. Tongs provide precision and maneuverability. A quality kitchen needs them. If you have one pair, you could use another. I have three, and they're all in frequent use. Try these OXO cooking tongs for your stainless steel or cast iron cookware. They also have plastic tipped models for your non-stick pans. I like these because they are sturdy, and they have a locking mechanism.See It
Tupperware, 16 pieces for $25.49 on Amazon
Look, I know what you're thinking: Who wants tupperware?! Hear me out. Tupperware can be an efficient cook's best friend. It's obviously great for storage. This is key when you make enough for leftovers. Make a box of pasta, five cups of rice, or chili and you need some quality tupperware to keep it fresh for as long as possible. This set from OXO gets the job done, and then some. Plus, you can use some of this stuff for bowls or dishes when you forget to run the dishwasher (again?!).See It
Automatic Salt-and-Pepper Mills, $64.95 and up on Amazon
Fresh-cracked pepper and sea salt are just better. The taste is fresher and more robust. Get a set of automatic mills, like these from Cuisinart, and you'll be livin' large and in charge. As a cook, I enjoy being able to wield these mills with one hand while I flip and turn with the other. Plus, guests love the novelty of using an at-home seasoning power tool! Most impressive.See It
Knife Sharpener, $33.15 on Amazon
Anyone who has ever cooked knows that knives are important. The problem with knives is that they dull. Dull knives are brutally frustrating to work with, can leave your food lacking, and your fingers injured (hopefully not!). This is why it's important to keep your knives honed and sharpened. I recommend this one from Chef's Choice because it can sharpen and hone (a key distinction) European, Asian, and serrated blades at a reasonable price. See It
Huh? What's that? A butter bell is how the French (allegedly) use and store butter. In order to spread butter on bread, or appropriately get some on your knife, you need it to be soft. Soft butter, left out, turns a less-than-appealing yellow and goes bad. Soft butter stored in the refrigerator, while fresh, firms up again. How can anyone cook or eat under these conditions?! I couldn't, so after seeing my uncle with a butter bell, I ordered one myself and never looked back. Here's how it works: You load the bell with soft butter, fill the cup a third of the way with cold water, then invert the bell into the cup. The water creates a seal leaving the butter soft and fresh for up to the 30 days. All you have to do is change out the water every few days (now that you remind me…). This one by Butter Bell is clutch. After all, butter makes everything better!See It
BBQ Rub & Sauces, $8 – $11.99 on Amazon
Let's be real: Just because I cook doesn't mean I make everything from scratch. That's true of BBQ sauces and rubs. My wife and I love BBQ. It's probably her favorite meal, so, naturally, I make it a lot. I've found two things to be true: 1) A rub is crucial; and 2) The sauce is personal. For my (call me basic, I don't care) taste, I go with Famous Dave's Rib Rub. Put it on anything, especially pork, before you cook it, and your name should be Bon Jovi 'cause you're halfway there (to good BBQ). Then, have Grandma Foster's BBQ sauce on hand to slather on your ribs or chops and you'll have some restaurant quality grub sure to impress.See It
Hopefully, I've given you some solid ammo for your own list or your holiday shopping responsibilities. I enjoy everything on this list, and think you (or your recipient) will too. Now go forth, visit Amazon, and get some shopping done.
For more great gift ideas, see our Gourmet Food and Drink Gift Guide, and our Best Kitchen Gadgets, Tools, and Appliances Gift Guide.
Related Video: DIY Holiday Gifts – Insta-Infusions
All featured products are curated independently by our editors. When you buy something through our retail links, we may receive a commission. For more great hand-picked products, check out the Chowhound Shop.
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that sounds like a good option, or ps-2 with a mod sbm-1. Excellent results!!!
i just upgraded to 391s > ps2 > mod sbm1, glad to hear something like that!
personally i've never been fond of the 480/460 > v2 sound. fwiw i ran 480 > mp-2 for awhile and loved the combo. with all the used mp-2s for sale these days you can score a pretty darn good deal on them too.
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Hindu Ezhava leader Vellapalli Natesan, who has been holding talks with the BJP before and after the formation of his Bharath Dharma Jana Sena (BDJS), on Wednesday said no party was a political untouchable for him ahead of the assembly elections in Kerala.
However, his overture has so far failed to win him potential allies, except for the BJP.
"We held talks with all political fronts, including the Bharatiya Janata Party, the Left opposition led by Communist Party of India - Marxist and the Congress - led United Democratic Front. What we are going to do is to follow the principles of opportunistic politics. None of the political fronts are untouchables for us, " Natesan told reporters here on Wednesday.
Natesan, the general secretary of Sree Narayana Dharma Paripalana (SNDP), a social movement that propagates the values of social reformer Sree Narayana Guru, floated the BDJS political party in December 2015.
Hindus are 1. 82 crore of the 3. 34 crore population of Kerala, out of which Ezhavas are a majority.
Natesan first announced that the BDJS will be a Hindu party but later said it will be a secular one. He met with BJP national and state leadership in the past. But as the BJP has been playing a waiting game, Natesan has now decided to open up to all political parties.
However, both the Congress and the CPI - M said they were not interested in a political alliance with Natesan.
CPI - M state secretary Kodiyeri Balakrishnan said that since the BJP alliance Natesan was looking for had reached a dead end, he was now trying to look elsewhere to remain politically afloat.
Former chief minister and CPI - M veteran V. S. Achuthanandan said Natesan should first disclose the name of CPI - M leader he held talks with and only then will he say more on the issue.
Alappuzha district Congress chief A. A. Shukoor said they were not looking forward to associate with Natesan at all.
Only state BJP president Kummanem Rajashekeran showed any interest in Natesan. "Those who are interested in aligning with us should accept the BJP policies and programmes. We are open to Natesan and will have more talks, " Rajashekeran told reporters at the state party headquarters here.


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Queen Elizabeth (Queen Mother) visits No. 600 RAAF at Biggin Hill, Kent.
Short Summary
Unused / unissued footage - dates and locations may be unclear / unknown.
Queen Elizabeth (Queen Mother) visits No. 600 RAAF (Royal Auxiliary Air Force) at Biggin Hill, Kent.
Spitfires flying in formation and peeling off. Queen chats to families of men at the station. C/U of Royal Standard and Royal Coat of Arms on the bonnet of the Queen's car. Squadron Leader David Proudlove salutes the Queen as she gets into her car and is driven off.
Spitfire plane with crew standing in front of it. M/S of pilot. Shot of Sergeant showing medals. Men standing by plane. L/S of men giving three cheers. Crew of plane taking up action stations. Pilot gets into cockpit and service crew start to fix his straps; pan to another pilot being assisted. M/S as door of cockpit is closed. Several shots of planes revving up and taxiing then taking off.
M/S of the Queen alighting from car and being greeted by Lord Cornwallis, Lord Lieutenant of Kent and Squadron Leader Proudlove. The Queen is introduced to officers. She inspects planes with others and chats to airmen. M/S of officer with handlebar moustache. The Queen stops to chat with him - he seems to have trouble hearing what she is saying. Pan along line of airmen lined up for inspection. Shots of onlookers behind rope. M/S of airmen standing in front of Spitfires. The Queen, Proudlove and others walk across airfield. M/S as Wendy Thompson presents bouquet to the Queen.
- Film ID:
- 2523.14
- Media URN:
- 68060
- Group:
- Unissued unused
- Archive:
- British Pathé
- Issue Date:
- Sound:
- Mute
- HD Format:
- Available on request
- Stock:
- Black & White
- Duration:
- 00:05:22:00
- Time in/Out:
- 01:39:26:00 / 01:44:48:00
- Canister:


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Rogz Yumz Blue Large Pet: Dog Category: Dog Supplies Size: 0.3kg Colour: Blue
Rich Description: Yumz are durable chew toys that massage your dogs gums while they attempt to retrieve the treats from inside. Made from durable rubber the inner treat chamber has three fins to hold treats longer for an extra challenge. They bounce and fetch as well!
Made from TPR
Massages your dogs gums as they try to retrieve the toys inside
The inner treat chamber has three fins to hold treats longer for an extra challenge


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The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn..
Is Mark Twain really racist or not? Was Mark Twain really racist or not when he wrote The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn? Of Mark Twain's entire literature collection, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn remains the most questioned of them all. It has been said to have the most racist views of any American novel and you could clearly tell by the words from the novel. However, humans today are fascinated with real life situations, tagged in with fictional story line and in this novel Twain describes this real life situation perfectly. Twain put the real life happenings of slavery, in a fun and fictional story. The novel is the noblest, greatest, and most adventuresome novel the world, but the point in the novel is about the racial relations between each human. In his book, Twain was not intending the novel to be a racist novel, but instead a novel of slavery protest.
The slavery described in the book was only done so because that is how it really was in the time period the book was written.
Mark Twain has a style of his own and when he wrote this novel he seemed to be writing as though through the actual voice of Huck. Every word, thought, and speech by Huck is so precise that it reflects even the racism and black stereotypes typical of the era. As a result of that, it lead to many conflicting battles by various critics since the first print of the novel. However, not all readers had bad concerns over the novel either and actually had some good things to say about the novel. A man named John H. Wallace was one of the outraged by Twain's constant use of the degrading and white supremacist word "nigger"ÃÂ and said "The...


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Ricky Skaggs is set to perform at Skyville Live in Nashville on September 15 at 9/8c during AmericanaFest. The show will be live streamed and feature the legendary Graham Nash along with The Milk Carton Kids, The Secret Sisters and River Whyless. You can win tickets and get tune in details at skyvillelive.com. There is also a ticket giveaway at: http://skyvillelive.com/tickets/.
Live Streaming Show "Skyville Live" hosts Ricky Skaggs with Performance on Sep. 15
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Is Antonia Fuqua the remake guy for the new generation?
After bringing The Equalizer to the new masses and now the upcoming The Magnificent Seven, Fuqua has been hired to bring a new adaption of Scarface to the box-office.
The gangster flick has already been made twice, first time in 1932 and then of course in 1983, both films are critically acclaimed, but Al Pacino's performance has gone down in pop culture.
Fuqua who is yet to sign on officially, but is expected too, is under pressure then to deliver the goods for the third time!
More as we get it!


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Making Disciples, Raising Up Saints & Transforming Communities for Christ
by Cynthia Woods, Board of Directors, Episcopal Foundation of Northern California (EFNC)
Twenty-four years ago, in the city of Arcata in northwest California, a group of people began the hard work of bringing to light the issues of chronic homelessness. People from the Arcata area, city government and the many faith communities were willing to collaborate to help bring about change. What follows is just one story or facet of this diamond project; one glimmer of hope and one part of the faith community that played a role to make a difference in people's lives.
It was 1991, and Arcata House was opening its doors to begin their work in the community. At the same time faith leaders like the Rev. Eric Duff, then rector of St. Alban's Episcopal Church in Arcata, were having conversations with congregants about the possibilities of helping people rise above life on the streets. Support of Arcata House and their volunteers was making a difference in the lives of many people.
Over time, two organizations formed to address some of the identified problems in the community: The All Faith Partnership for Shelter in 2002 and Arcata House in 1991. In 2012, these two establishments merged to form the Arcata House Partnership (AHP).
During the summer of 2014, Episcopal Community Services (ECS) invited proposals for grants through the Anita Weaver Fund, a fund managed by the Episcopal Foundation of Northern California (EFNC). The grant qualifications required the recipient organization to assist homeless people over the age of 50 in finding permanent housing. Bill Strider, who was Jr. Warden at St. Alban's, Arcata, was familiar with several of the programs provided by AHP, including the Night Shelter and the Extreme Weather Shelter. Bill contacted the Executive Director of AHP, Karen 'Fox' Olson and a new collaboration with St. Alban's began. Like many faith communities, St. Alban's has had a committed volunteer base and willingness to provided annual financial support to AHP.
St. Alban's, Bill Strider and Arcata House Partnership grant writer, Shelley Mitchell submitted the request for the Anita Weaver Grant. In January 2015, the AHP was awarded a $15,000 grant. The Very Rev. Sara Potter, current Rector of St. Alban's (since 2008) stated, "Clearly there has been a long history between St. Alban's and Arcata House Partnership. With the Anita Weaver Grant in place, a new and promising phase for our organizations has begun."
Karen 'Fox' Olson, reported, "A grant like this one has been a godsend because we can use it to pay for the supportive services these clients need if they are to succeed." In addition to the many client programs, AHP has been working with Humboldt Housing since 2009 to realize one of the first permanent supportive housing complexes in our state. Caseworkers at AHP are scheduled to place four of their clients in a newly constructed 42-unit complex that will open this summer.
In their first quarterly report, it was noted that 30 clients were currently enrolled in the permanent supportive housing, and 75% (22 people) were over the age of 50. The goal of the grant is to help facilitate a successful transition for people who are chronically homeless, and disabled from living on the streets, into permanent housing. With the necessary systems in place, AHP will continue to provide services that link clients to medical, dental, mental health and substance abuse treatments, as well as transportation and assistance with appointments and paperwork. AHP social workers also work with clients to help them be good tenants and good neighbors. The Anita Weaver Grant goals and the Arcata House Partnership are a great match, as stated in their mission statement: the mission of Arcata House Partnership is to provide a program of assistance to support families and individuals building a more stable life, to educate the community about housing issues and advocate on behalf of homeless people.
To learn more about Arcata House Partnership, please visit their website at www.arcatahouse.org, where you can read about the significance of their work in Humboldt County and get their latest news and reports.
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SVM is currently documenting Ephemera – The Art of the Impermanent in both digital video and photography for Ecoarts Australis.
Ecoarts Australis has commissioned 4 artists to create works that will contribute to the Black Gully Music Festival to be held in Armidale NSW on Nov 12.
Here are some eFlyers from SVM being used on social media to promote the project –
Gabi Briggs is an Anaiwan woman from Armidale, and Amy Hammond is a Gomeroi woman from Tamworth. They are artists and weavers who are working together and with community using traditional techniques to create a large 'eel' which will be installed as an ephemeral public art work in Black Gully. There are additional powerful stories behind this part of the project – stories of the eel, weaving and the relationship between Anaiwan and Gomeroi people over time.
Greer Taylor's ephemeral sculpture and poetry is deeply inspired by the natural world. Greer is drawing her inspiration and deriving her materials from the Black Gully site to construct, often subtle, works within the landscape. There are assemblages and words. Visitors may wonder if some of her creations are naturally occurring or whether they have been devised.
Andrew Parker is a well-known ceramic artist who is working with clay extracted from the site. He is building a series of sculptural forms based on the die-back landscape of the region in the 1980 and 90s prior to active revegetation programs. He has worked with local ecologists to identify and gather suitable seed varieties to impregnate the clay with seed. The finished unfired works will be in the landscape of Black Gully where they will break down over time to release the germinating seeds – assisting the site revegetation process.
Tanja Beer is an ecoscenographer – a researcher and practitioner in ecological design for performance. She is the creator of The Living Stage, a work that combines design, permaculture and community engagement to create recyclable, biodegradable and even edible performance spaces. With the support of her collaborator Ashlee Hughes, local artist Simon Mellor and the Armidale community, Tanja has been designing and is constructing a 'living stage' – only the fourth ever to be created in the world. The last was in Glasgow and the next is in New York!
Armidale's Living Stage, which has been named the Bower Stage, is being constructed in Black Gully from found and recycled objects, but primarily with plants – including the kokedamas (moss balls) that have been created during community workshops in Armidale and Uralla since September. The Armidale Tree Group and the Armidale Community Garden have nurtured plants that will become a part of the stage.
"The community is directly involved with the creation of the Living Stage, which will be used as a performance venue for Armidale and Duval High School Drama students. It will also provide an intimate space for storytelling and a yarn'n circle," Mr Parker said. "The Stage will look like a bower or a nest from the outside, but will be a magical performance and storytelling space inside."
The Ephemera project includes artist talks, workshops and community collaborations. For more about the project go to www.ecoartsaustralis.org.au/ephemera
'This project is supported by the Australian Government through the Department of Communications and the Arts' Festivals Australia program.'
Release prepared by Cherene Spendlove for Ecoarts Australis.
Feature in Armidale Express on the Festival – 2016 Black Gully Music Festival


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Why Dundee?
Why Dundee?
The idea for V&A Dundee originated in 2007 from the strong relationship between the V&A and the University of Dundee, particularly its Duncan of Jordanstone College of Art and Design.
Dundee has a strong history of innovation – including aspirin, biomedical research that has led to hundreds of new cancer drugs, comics including The Beano and The Dandy, orange marmalade, and video games including Lemmings and Grand Theft Auto – which resulted in it becoming the first UNESCO City of Design in the UK in 2014.
The visitor experience
Visitors to V&A Dundee will experience the remarkable story of design past, present and future in a Scottish and global context. They will discover the processes which underpin great design and the beautiful and inventive objects which tell that story.
Behind the scenes, development of the Scottish Design Galleries is moving forward at a pace. Museum experts are researching, selecting, conserving and preparing for display objects from the V&A's rich collections and from collections across Scotland.
The team delivering the project
V&A Dundee is being delivered by Design Dundee Limited, established by a ground-breaking partnership between Dundee City Council, the University of Dundee, Abertay University, Scottish Enterprise and the Victoria and Albert Museum, the world's greatest museum of art and design.


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Skewed and Reviewed have posted round table interviews with with Russell Brand, Helen Mirren, Greta Gerwig, Jason Winer and Peter Baynham.
I haven't liked Russel Brand's work so far, or at least not liked his roles in movies, but I have to admit I'm really interested in this based on the trailers. It's not that he's really different so much as reigned in by what looks like a good comedic script and director.
The trailers haven't had me very interested, but I will say that it looks much better than I expected. I think it will be worth a rental, but I'll need some better footage before committing to it in theaters.
I think Brand is in a no win situation here. No matter how good he is he will be compared to Dudley Moore and will likely come up lacking. If he sucks, then it will be a further indication how he does not stack up. He is trying to be a leading man here and prove he is not an ensemble actor but this is going to be tough as the original was an Academy Award winning classic and an iconic role for Moore.
I watched the original again last night and notices how annoying Arthur was when he was drunk but how kind and caring he was when he was sober. From the trailers, Brand is playing it more of over energized boy who does not want to grow up.


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The Louisiana State Board of Private Security Examiners is an agency of the state government in the Department of Public Safety and Corrections. The board consists of nine (9) members appointed by the governor. One member shall be appointed from and shall reside in each of the five public service commission districts established by law. Four members shall be appointed from the state at large. Each member shall be a citizen of the United States of America, a resident of Louisiana, at least thirty years of age, and shall have been actively engaged in the private security business for at least five years. One of the members appointed at large shall be a representative of a nationally operated security company. Each member shall be licensed or registered with the board or a corporate officer of a licensed company.
DISTRICT (1) ONE – RITCHIE RIVERS- Rivers Security, LLC, Amite, LA – 985-747-2478
DISTRICT (2) TWO – MARK A. WILLIAMS – Vigilant Protective Services, LLC – Baton Rouge, LA -225-337-0470
DISTRICT (3) THREE – MARIAN H. PIERRE, Chairwoman – Crescent Guardian Inc., – New Orleans , LA – 504-483-7811
DISTRICT (4) FOUR – WILBERT SANDERS, Jr., – Kingdom Security – Forest Hill, LA – 318-229-3315
DISTRICT (5) – DONNY L. PITTS – Guardian CPP, Shreveport, LA – 318-469-5560
AT LARGE – EDWARD ROBINSON Sr., – L&R Security, New Orleans, LA -504-943-3191
AT LARGE – DURELL P. PELLEGRIN – Loomis Armored, Inc., – Mandeville, LA – 504-648-0399
AT LARGE – MISTY FINCHUM – Brimstone Services, Inc., Sulphur, LA – 337-540-1442


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Skip to 0 minutes and 2 seconds So now that we have come up with an epic story and thought through it with a storyboard, maybe we should come up with some child stories. » That's a great idea, I will go ahead and write » Okay, so maybe the first one we should do is when the technician has diagnosed that they need a part and they know the part number. » Okay » So may something like, I know the part number and I want to find it in the system, so I can figure out the next steps in the repair. Okay, so I know the part number and what was it? » I want to find it in the system.
Skip to 0 minutes and 27 seconds I want to find it in the system. » So I can figure out the next steps.
Skip to 0 minutes and 46 seconds Okay, let's get some test cases for that. Maybe we need to make sure they search for the part number? » Yeah, that sounds right. » Okay, so, make sure he is able to search for that part number.
Skip to 1 minute and 5 seconds Maybe we need something to avoid errors. » Maybe make sure the descriptive info appears in the search. » Okay, make sure descriptive info about the part.
Skip to 1 minute and 25 seconds Perfect, so maybe the next child story we could do is on when the technician knows he needs a part, but doesn't know the part number. » Okay. » So maybe something like, I don't know the part number and I need to search for it online so that I can move forward. » I don't know the part number.
Skip to 1 minute and 47 seconds And I want to search for it online.
Skip to 1 minute and 57 seconds Okay. » Perfect. So then maybe we can move on to the next one where the technician takes a picture of the part and sends it to a colleague. » Okay.
Skit: Child Stories and Test Cases
In this video, a skit is provided to show you how to come up with child stories. After finishing this video, you've now watched skits on drafting epics from problem scenarios, storyboarding an epic, and child stories and test cases.
What are some of your key takeaways from these demos? Share your thoughts in the comments section and read other learners' contributions.
© Copyright Rector and Visitors of the University of Virginia


text: Update of /cvs-repository/ZODB4/BDBStorage/Doc In directory cvs.zope.org:/tmp/cvs-serv12940 Added Files: README.txt Log Message: Updated for the high level ZODB4 port. === Added File ZODB4/BDBStorage/Doc/README.txt === BerkeleyDB Storages for ZODB ============================ Introduction ------------ This package contains implementations for ZODB storages based on Sleepycat Software's BerkeleyDB and the PyBSDDB3 Python wrapper module. These storages save ZODB data to a bunch of BerkeleyDB tables, relying on Berkeley's transaction machinery to provide reliability and recoverability. Note that the Berkeley based storages are not "set and forget". The underlying Berkeley database technology requires maintenance, careful system resource planning, and tuning for performance. You should have a good working familiarity with BerkeleyDB in general before trying to use these storages in a production environment. It's a good idea to read Sleepycat's own documentation, available at http://www.sleepycat.com See also our operating notes below. Contents -------- Inside the BDBStorage package, there are two storage implementations: - BDBFullStorage.py is a complete storage implementation, supporting transactional undo, versions, application level conflict resolution, packing, and automatic reference counting garbage collection. You must pack this storage in order to get rid of old object revisions and cyclic garbage, but there is also a new "autopack" strategy which packs the storage in a separate thread. - BDBMinimalStorage.py is an implementation of an undo-less, version-less storage, which implements a reference counting garbage collection strategy to remove unused objects. You still need to pack to remove cyclic garbage, but this also implements a new autopack strategy for packing the storage in a separate thread. Compatibility ------------- As of this writing (04-Dec-2002) it is recommended that at least Python 2.2.2 be used with these storages. BDBFullStorage and BDBMinimalStorage should also work with Python 2.3 (as yet unreleased). It is recommended that you use BerkeleyDB 4.0.14 and PyBSDDB 3.4.1 or later. Earlier versions of both packages had bugs that could crash or hang your application. PyBSDDB suport for BerkeleyDB 4.1.24 is still experimental, so for now stick with 4.0.14. However, it is highly recommended that you apply the patch for 4.0.14 in the file Doc/db-4014-patch.txt We've seen corrupt databases that couldn't be recovered without this patch. Sleepycat claims the patch fixes this problem and we've not seen a repeat of it since applying the patch (note though that this bug was hard to reproduce in the first place). Requirements ------------ You must install Sleepycat BerkeleyDB and PyBSDDB separately. To obtain the BerkeleyDB 4.0.14, see the Sleepycat Software site for older releases of their software:: http://www.sleepycat.com/update/index.html To obtain the latest source release of the PyBSDDB package, see:: http://pybsddb.sourceforge.net Install both BerkeleyDB and PyBSDDB as per the instructions that come with those packages. For BerkeleyDB, it's generally wise to accept the default configure options and do a "make install" as root. This will install BerkeleyDB in /usr/local/BerkeleyDB.4.0 Note that because Berkeley installs itself in a non-standard location, the dynamic linker ld.so may not be able to find it. This could result in link errors during application startup. For systems that support ldconfig, it is highly recommended that you add /usr/local/BerkeleyDB.4.0/lib to /etc/ld.so.conf and run ldconfig. An alternative approach is given below. PyBSDDB comes with a standard distutils-based setup script which will do the right thing. If you've extended your ld.so.conf file as above, you can build PyBSDDB like so:: % python setup.py build_ext -i --berkeley-db=/usr/local/BerkeleyDB.4.0 Otherwise, here's the build command I've used with some success for the PyBSDDB distribution:: % python setup.py build_ext -i --berkeley-db=/usr/local/BerkeleyDB.4.0/ --lflags="-Xlinker -rpath -Xlinker /usr/local/BerkeleyDB.4.0/lib" Then install the package like so:: % python setup.py install When you can run the tests which ship with PyBSDDB, you'll know you've been successful at both BerkeleyDB and PyBSDDB installation. Using BDBStorage with Zope -------------------------- By default, Zope uses a FileStorage as its backend storage. To tell Zope to use an alternate storage, you need to set up a custom_zodb.py file. There is a sample custom_zodb.py file in the BDBStorage/Doc subdirectory. The easiest way to get started with one of the Berkeley storages is to copy custom_zodb.py file to your SOFTWARE_HOME directory (your main Zope dir) and edit its contents to specify which storage you want to use. If you use an INSTANCE_HOME setup, you'll want to copy the file to the INSTANCE_HOME directory instead and do the same. If you choose to edit the contents of the custom_zodb.py file, you can change the "envpath" string to point to a different environment directory for BerkeleyDB. BerkeleyDB will store its support tables and log files in this directory. The contents of this directory can become quite large, even if your data needs are relatively modest (see "BerkeleyDB Log Files" below). You can also set up some tuning paramaters in the custom_zodb.py file. See the comments in that file and in the BerkeleyBase.py file for details. For better performance, you should consider at least setting the config.logdir to point to a directory on a different disk than the one your tables are stored on. By default, the environment path is set in custom_zodb.py to a subdirectory of your Zope's var subdirectory. You may change this to any path that you have write permissions on. If the environment directory doesn't exist, it will be created when you first run Zope with one of the storages. It is recommended that you choose an environment directory which does not contain any other files. Additionally, you should not use BerkeleyDB on remotely mounted filesystems such as NFS. Using bsddb3Storage with ZEO ---------------------------- The Berkeley storages are compatible with ZEO. For general information on how to use alternate storage implementations with ZEO, see the "start.txt" file in the ZEO release documentation. Using Berkeley storage outside of Zope -------------------------------------- ZODB applications that use the Berkeley storages need to take care to close the database gracefully, otherwise the underlying database could be left in a corrupt, but recoverable, state. By default, all the Berkeley storages open their Berkeley databases with the DB_RECOVER flag, meaning if recovery is necessary (e.g. because you didn't explicitly close it the last time you opened it), then recover will be run automatically on database open. You can also manually recover the database by running Berkeley's db_recover program. The upshot of this is that a database which was not gracefully closed can usually be recovered automatically, but this could greatly increase the time it takes to open the databases. This can be mitigated by periodically checkpointing the BerkeleyDB, since recovery only needs to take place from the time of the last checkpoint (the database is always checkpointed when it's closed). You can configure the Berkeley storages to automatically checkpoint the database every so often, by using the BerkeleyConfig class. The "interval" setting determines how often, in terms of ZODB commits, that the underlying database will be checkpointed. See the class docstring for BerkeleyBase.BerkeleyConfig for details. BerkeleyDB files ---------------- After Zope is started with one of the Berkeley storages, you will see a number of different types of files in your BerkeleyDB environment directory. There will be a number of "__db*" files, a number of "log.*" files, and several files which have the prefix ``zodb_``. The files which have the ``zodb_`` prefix are the actual BerkeleyDB databases which hold the storage data. The "log.*" files are write-ahead logs for BerkeleyDB transactions, and they are very important. The "__db*" files are working files for BerkeleyDB, and they are less important. It's wise to back up all the files in this directory regularly. BerkeleyDB supports "hot-backup". Log files need to be archived and cleared on a regular basis (see below). You really want to store your database files on a file system with large file support. See below for details. BerkeleyDB log files -------------------- BerkeleyDB is a transactional database system. In order to maintain transactional integrity, BerkeleyDB writes data to log files before the data is committed. These log files live in the BerkeleyDB environment directory unless you take steps to configure your BerkeleyDB environment differently. There are good reasons to put the log files on a different disk than the data files: - The performance win can be huge. By separating the log and data files, Berkeley can much more efficiently write data to disk. We have seen performance improvements from between 2.5 and 10 times for write intensive operations. You might also want to consider using three separate disks, one for the log files, one for the data files, and one for the OS swap. - The log files can be huge. It might make disk space management easier by separating the log and data files. The log file directory can be changed by setting the "logfile" attribute on the config object given to the various storage constructors. Set this to the directory where BerkeleyDB should store your log files. Note that this directory must already exist. For more information about BerkeleyDB log files, recoverability and why it is advantageous to put your log files and your database files on separate devices, see http://www.sleepycat.com/docs/ref/transapp/reclimit.html. You can reclaim some disk space by occasionally backing up and removing unnecessary BerkeleyDB log files. Here's a trick that I use:: % db_archive | xargs rm Be sure to read the db_archive manpages first! Tuning BerkeleyDB ----------------- BerkeleyDB has lots of knobs you can twist to tune it for your application. Getting most of these knobs at the right setting is an art, and will be different from system to system. We're still working on recommendations with respect to the Full storage, but for the time being, you should at least read the following Sleepycat pages:: http://www.sleepycat.com/docs/ref/am_conf/cachesize.html http://www.sleepycat.com/docs/ref/am_misc/tune.html http://www.sleepycat.com/docs/ref/transapp/tune.html http://www.sleepycat.com/docs/ref/transapp/throughput.html As you read these, it will be helpful to know that the Berkeley storage databases mostly use BTree access method, although a few Queues are also used, depending on the specific storage. One thing we can safely say is that the default BerkeleyDB cache size of 256KB is way too low to be useful. The Berkeley storages themselves default the cache size to 128MB which seems about optimal on a 256MB machine. Be careful setting this too high though, as performance will degrade if you tell Berkeley to consume more than the available resources. You can change the cache size by setting the "cachesize" attribute on the config object to the constructor. Archival and maintenance ------------------------ Log file rotation for Berkeley DB is closely related to database archival. BerkeleyDB never deletes "old" log files. Eventually, if you do not maintain your Berkeley database by deleting "old" log files, you will run out of disk space. It's necessary to maintain and archive your BerkeleyDB files as per the procedures outlined in http://www.sleepycat.com/docs/ref/transapp/archival.html It is advantageous to automate this process, perhaps by creating a script run by "cron" that makes use of the "db_archive" executable as per the referenced document. One strategy might be to perform the following sequence of operations:: - shut down the process which is using BerkeleyDB (Zope or the ZEO storage server). - back up the database files (the files prefixed with "zodb"). - back up all existing BerkeleyDB log files (the files prefixed "log"). - run ``db_archive -h /the/environment/directory`` against your environment directory to find out which log files are no longer participating in transactions (they will be printed to stdout one file per line). - delete the log files that were reported by "db_archive" as no longer participating in any transactions. "Hot" backup and rotation of log files is slightly different. See the above-referenced link regarding archival for more information. Disaster recovery ----------------- To recover from an out-of-disk-space error on the log file partition, or another recoverable failure which causes the storage to raise a fatal exception, you may need to use the BerkeleyDB "db_recover" executable. For more information, see the BerkeleyDB documentation at:: http://www.sleepycat.com/docs/ref/transapp/recovery.html BerkeleyDB temporary files -------------------------- BerkeleyDB creates temporary files in the directory referenced by the $TMPDIR environment variable. If you do not have a $TMPDIR set, your temp files will be created somewhere else (see http://www.sleepycat.com/docs/api_c/env_set_tmp_dir.html for the tempfile decision algorithm used by BerkeleyDB). These temporary files are different than BerkeleyDB "log" files, but they can also become quite large. Make sure you have plenty of temp space available. Linux 2GB Limit --------------- BerkeleyDB is effected by the 2GB single-file-size limit on 32-bit Linux ext2-based systems. The Berkeley storage pickle database (by default named "zodb_pickle"), which holds the bulk of the data for the Berkeley storages is particularly susceptible to large growth. If you anticipate your database growing larger than 2GB, it's worthwhile to make sure your system can support files larger than 2GB. Start with your operating system and file system. Most modern Linux distributions have large file support. Next, you need to make sure that your Python executable has large file support (LFS) built in. Python 2.2.2 is automatically configured with LFS, but for Python 2.1.3 you will need to rebuild your executable according to the instructions on this page: http://www.python.org/doc/2.1.3/lib/posix-large-files.html IMPORTANT NOTE: If any of your BerkeleyDB files reaches the 2GB limit before you notice the failure situation, you will most likely need to restore the database environment from a backup, putting the restored files on a filesystem which can handle large files. This is due to the fact that the database file which "hit the limit" on a 2GB-limited filesystem will be left in an inconsistent state, and will probably be rendered unusable. Be very cautious if you're dealing with large databases. For More Information -------------------- Information about ZODB in general is kept on the ZODB Wiki at http://www.zope.org/Wikis/ZODB Information about the Berkeley storages in particular is at http://www.zope.org/Wikis/ZODB/BerkeleyStorage The email list email@example.com are where all the discussion about the Berkeley storages should take place. Subscribe or view the archives at http://lists.zope.org/mailman/listinfo/zodb-dev .. Local Variables: mode: indented-text indent-tabs-mode: nil sentence-end-double-space: t fill-column: 70 End:


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On the same day that she got the key to her new business in the Shoppers World Danforth mall, Fatama Akther learned that the anchor tenant, Target, had filed for creditor protection and would close all its stores in Canada.
"For a few hours my body was numb," said Akther, adding that she hasn't made a profit yet on the $60,000 investment she made converting a former book store into a spa and salon offering cosmetic procedures.
The foot traffic to and from Target that she hoped would help build her business never materialized. Instead, Genesis Spa & Salon is one of half a dozen stores in a dead-end wing of the mall, at Victoria Park and Danforth Aves.
"We need an anchor desperately," said Helina Laitey, who works at World of Hair Design, next to Akther's salon. "It's really hard for merchants here."
Genesis and its neighbours are among the Canadian businesses still struggling in the wake of Target's unexpected failure.
A year after it filed for creditor protection on Jan. 15, 2015, many of the former 133 Target stores remain empty.
Landlords and creditors are still arguing in court over who should be paid first, and what they should be paid. RioCan Holdings Inc., which had the greatest number of Target leases that were guaranteed by the U.S. parent, Target Corp., was recently able to get a $132 million payment for 18 leases. Other landlords have yet to be paid.
Meanwhile, Akther has received no compensation (Shoppers World is a RioCan property), despite requests for a reduction in the $4,300 monthly rent she says she cannot pay selling pedicures for $25 plus taxes and eyebrow threading for $7.
Some smaller retail tenants rely on anchors such as Target to drive mall traffic, and will in some cases negotiate clauses into their leases triggering compensation if a major tenant leaves unexpectedly. Akther and her husband Mahiuddin Ahmed did not get a lawyer to review their lease with RioCan before they signed it.
"I'm not saying we're tough guys, but retailers, they tend to exaggerate what is bad and de-emphasize what is good," said RioCan founder and CEO Ed Sonshine, adding that a Lowe's is moving into the space once occupied by Zellers, and then Target, at Shoppers World on Danforth.
RioCan doesn't offer rent rebates as a matter of course, said Sonshine, pointing out that when times are good, retailers don't offer to pay more rent, and shouldn't expect rebates when times are tough.
"Its going to get better. Lowe's should be opening by this spring," said Sonshine. "They're investing a ton of money into the place. When they open and the economy gets a little better, hopefully it will get a bit better for them."
Akther operated her business at Main St. and Gerrard St. E. for 15 years. Her existing clientele followed her to the new location. But she hasn't added enough new clients to make the move pay off.
Her husband and adult son, both employed, are helping finance her business; a situation that cannot continue for much longer. She is behind on her bills.
"For the last 10 months, I take not a single penny from here," she said.
East York Town Centre
At the East York Town Centre in Thorncliffe Park, another former Target store sits empty, the round red cement balls still parked outside the wind-swept entrance.
Inside the mall, Mohammad Afzal, who operates a small store called Traffic selling shoes and accessories, said former anchor tenant Zellers did a better job of drawing shoppers than Target did.
But Target drew customers from a wider area. Now it's shuttered.
"Nobody comes to this mall now. Now it is this neighbourhood only. Every day we see the same faces," said Afzal.
His sales are down 50 per cent. "I have no idea what to do. It's very difficult to survive, but we have to somehow. We hope for the best," said Afzal.
The former Target location is being "re-merchandised" into multi-unit space, said John Levac, vice-president, asset management, Morguard Real Estate Investment Trust.
Erin Mills Town Centre
Nance MacDonald knew something was wrong when the Target at Erin Mills Town Centre in Mississauga opened to tepid consumer response.
"We were one of the last ones to open and people were starting to get the message — Target wasn't Target," said MacDonald, vice-president of Erin Mills Town Centre, referring to the stocking and pricing issues that dogged Canadian stores from the moment they opened in the spring of 2013 until the day they closed in 2014.
Erin Mills Town Centre recently sealed a deal with Walmart Canada to open a supercentre in the mall, offering groceries in addition to general merchandise.
The mall, located on Erin Mills Parkway north of Hwy 403, is emerging from a $100 million renovation that included taking down the dated clocktower and installing a massive orb, visible from miles away, in the centre of the mall and beneath it, a fountain.
At a time when malls keep getting bigger and more difficult to navigate, Erin Mills Town Centre is betting that it will continue to appeal to neighbourhood shoppers who prefer an easier-to-shop, small-scale mall.
Nevertheless, the market for retail real estate is softer than it was just a few years ago.
"I don't know if it's because of Target or the market. It's not the first time it's changed. Remember Eatons? You have to reinvent yourself. I guess it's just the cycle," said MacDonald.
The Stockyards
The Target location at the Stockyards in the west end of Toronto was the chain's first store built from the ground up to Target specifications. The others were remodeled Zellers stores.
The Stockyards site, another RioCan property, is currently under redevelopment as a Nations Fresh Foods supermarket — the Target logo is still visible through the second-story window, beside the brightly coloured Nations signs.
Demand for retail real estate in Canada isn't what it was in 2011 when U.S. retailers were vying for space at the country's top malls.
"It appears that U.S. retailers have forgotten Canada exists," said Ed Sonshine, founder and CEO of RioCan, one of Canada's largest retail real estate companies.
"Basically, Target's complete flame-out and failure here really turned a lot of people in the U.S. off."
Things are starting to warm up slowly, Sonshine added. The cheap Canadian dollar is making investment here more attractive to people with U.S. dollars to spend.
Of the 18 stores that were returned to RioCan by Target, five are without new leases in place and a couple will probably be ripped down, said Sonshine.
RioCan has also been able to rent out the space at the Colossus Centre in Vaughan that had been under consideration by Target.
The fate of other Target locations in the GTA
Lawrence Square: The former Target space at this address is being transformed into a Marshalls, Home Sense and Pet Smart opening in May. Landlord: RioCan Holdings Inc.
Sheridan Centre: Currently vacant. No new tenant has been announced. Landlord: Bentall Kennedy LP
Milton Mall: This former Target location here is slated for a Lowe's, which announced last summer that it would open 14 new stores in Canada, including 12 at former Target locations. Landlord: Bentall Kennedy LP.
Aurora Shopping Centre: A Canadian Tire is slated to open in this mall. Landlord: Morguard REIT.
Burlington Mall: A Denninger's Foods and three other unnamed anchors are scheduled to open in July. Landlord: RioCan Holdings Inc.
The suppliers
Eric Vieira and Paulo Salomao have become used to receiving offers from debt collectors in the U.S. who want to buy the debt Target owes them — about $30,000.
They are among the 1,710 claimants left hanging when Target abruptly pulled the plug on Canadian operations a year ago.
But the partners in the Toronto digital communications firm East End Project remain hopeful they will get more if they continue to pursue it themselves, with lawyer Lou Brzezinski of Blaney McMurtry leading the charge.
Brzezinski's tenacious and innovative representation of Target creditors has brought him a measure of fame and acclaim in the legal world — he was recently nominated to be considered in the Canadian Lawyer 25 most influential lawyers in Canada, based on his work on the file.
Vieira and Salomao laid off two people after Target Canada — their first and biggest client — shuttered operations, but have been able to win new business since then, thanks in part to the contacts they made while working with the U.S. retailer.
"We think that as a company we're in a much better place. The clients have started to come now, so 2016 is looking good for us," said Vieira.
They'd still like to see the money one day, but they have moved forward.
"We don't even talk about it anymore," said Salomao.
In all, Target Canada's creditors are owed $2.6 billion. Target Canada claims it owes other Target companies secured debts of $3.1-billion.
Target recently offered a deal that would have seen most creditors receive as much as 75 to 85 per cent of monies owed. But it was conditional upon landlords with guarantees from parent company Target Corp. in the U.S. giving up those guarantees.
Some landlords have 15-year leases that were guaranteed by Target Corp., worth as much as $26 million on a single property, according to court documents.
Naturally, the deal was opposed by landlords who would have been left with much less than they would get under their guarantees. The court agreed with the landlords, ruling against the deal.
It's not unusual for a settlement in a case like this to last for a year, said Brzezinski, who represents 12 clients.
Creditors were pleased with the 75-85 per cent payout proposal and are now concerned that litigation could drag on or that Target Canada will declare bankruptcy instead of continuing under the more flexible Companies' Creditors Arrangement Act (CCAA) process.
Creditors would receive considerably less than 75 cents on the dollar under a bankruptcy.
"What is most likely is that Target Corp. (the parent corporation in the U.S.) will come in and put some money on the table for landlords. I think we are heading to another plan, but you never know."


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How to Form a Company in Brazil
Before starting the process of forming a company in Brazil you need to have a clear idea about what type of activity the business will be operating and the purpose of registering the company. There are several types of organization to choose between when forming a company in Brazil. Usually the options considered are either a ltda or a S/A. It is also a good idea to be familiar with some of the basic concepts around rules and practices related to the company and the registration process.
The following presentation was set up by our local experts so you can Learn how to set-up a company and take advantage of all that Brazil has to offer. For more personalized information then please contact our team of local and expatriate experts in Brazil today. We deliver a full suite of market entry and back-office services that are customizable to your business needs. Our legal and accounting professionals work in the best interests of your company to ensure your venture gets the best start it can in this attractive business environment.
Learn more about our accounting and legal experts, and the company formation support we can provide.
We deliver a fully integrated and complete back office solution to help your organization in meeting its business expansion, entity formation, hiring and operational goals.
Our team of legal, accounting and back office specialists are waiting to help you get started


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Facebook isn't a secret money pile just waiting to be found, but it can be a reliable source of extra income with some work and a clever approach. Read this guide to learn how to make money with Facebook.
The Basics
Make great posts
The foundation of any successful plan to make money with social media is good content, and lots of it. On Facebook, that means a stream of interesting links, images, and updates every day.
- Search for a niche and fill it with quality content. It doesn't have to be a niche nobody else is filling, but it should be specific enough that it's clear to the casual observer. For example, maybe you'll post content for cat lovers, mothers, or people with a certain political affiliation. If you plan to market a product with your account, be sure to link the product to your posts in some way.
- Consider opening up another Facebook account and keeping it separate from your personal account. Use this account for your posts, and link them on your personal Facebook account to let people know about them. Depending on the approaches you use, you might even consider using multiple extra accounts. NOTE: Facebook will not allow multiple accounts using the same email and/or phone number. You may even get a request to verify a new Facebook account through a code texted to your phone.
- Give it time. Let your account build up interest over time by continuing to provide fresh and relevant content every day.
Make a commitment to earn
The only way to reliably make money using Facebook is through persistent work. Like any job, setting a schedule and sticking to it is the key.
- Organize. Whatever strategy you plan to pursue, you'll probably have to take care of several things every day to make it work for you. Plan out the order and times you'll do them in advance.
- Saturate your market. Making money with Facebook is more of a numbers game than anything else. Since marketing on Facebook costs nothing except time, you can market as much as you want – even to a point that would be prohibitively expensive any other way – and let the percentages and statistics work their magic one penny at a time.
- Add aggressively. One of the best ways to increase the number of people looking at your page is to simply add people as friends as often as you can. Most won't accept, but some will.
Making Money Through Affiliate Advertising and other link-type advertising
Find an affiliate program or other link-type advertising program
Affiliate programs provide you with a unique ID and marketing materials, and then pays you a commission based on how much business you generate. So try to find a Good Affiliate marketing website and start earning.
- Most websites you've heard of offer such a program. Since there's no cost to the site for letting you do this, practically anybody can become an affiliate for as many sites as they want.
- Start with well-known brands. Amazon offers a competitive affiliate program that pays a percentage of any purchase a person makes after clicking through from your post, even if it's not anything you advertised. Apple's iTunes program has an affiliate program as well.
- Add in smaller programs. Though less likely to generate money on a given day, you can diversify and gradually increase your affiliate revenue by offering a wide range of advertising services to many different businesses.
Sign up
Once you've decided to market a company as an affiliate, search the company's site and fill out the required forms. This should always be free, and usually only takes a few minutes.
- Don't ever pay to become an affiliate.
Add accounts
Make a Facebook account for each affiliate program or group of programs you sign up for. This allows people to follow your pages based on the things they're interested in, rather than having to sign up for one page full of all different kinds of ads.
- As mentioned previously, you can use your primary account to repost things from the other accounts periodically, exposing those pages to the audience you've built.
Promote your programs
Make posts for each of them daily, and maintain your accounts fastidiously. With luck, and a good central account with a lot of followers, your affiliate accounts will begin to get followers as well. Whenever anyone clicks your posts and buys something from one of your affiliates, you earn money.
Making Money Using Facebook Page
Create a Fan page if you don't already have it
You don't have a fan page yet? You will need to create one now because we're talking about making money from Facebook fan page here. Create a fan page about whatever you're interested in, like fishing, funny page, traveling, etc.
Write good content
Write good content on your fan page and engage as many users as possible. Once your page starts getting good response and good amount of likes, you can move to the next step.
Create a Website Related to your Fan page
Now create a website related to your fan page topic if you can afford everything.
- You can create free websites as well.
- Add contents to website and post on your Facebook page to get visitors to your site.
- Add ads to make money and make sure your website looks decent and not copied.
- You should also add valuable content to your website on the regular basis to get more and more visitors.
Sell Fan page posts
So you have a big Facebook fan page but still not sure how to make money from it. Selling posts on your fan page is the easiest way to make money apparently.
- Sign up with Shopsomething.com and make sure you have minimum 1000 likes on your fan page.
- Add your fan page to ShopSomething and confirm you're the owner of the page.
*Set a price per post for your page. Now this is important, make sure you set the price correctly because no one would buy posts on your page if the price is too high.
- There is a huge demand of social media marketing. If someone is expert on social media, he/she can easily make money out of it.
- Keep a maintenance log. Read the fine print! Many of the affiliate programs or other link-type money making programs have minimum login requirements or periodic email verification requests to weed out dormant accounts. Failure to maintain your account will result in a loss of earnings.
- Your priority is to serve your followers. As long as you have an audience, you will generally have advertisers. Don't focus on making money; focus on keeping/growing your audience, and money will come as a result.
See also
- Make money with Twitter
- Make money with Facebook
- Make money on YouTube
- Make money with Google+
- All "Make money online" articles
1. How to Make Money Using Facebook December 16, 2014.
2. Make Money Using Facebook and Twitter December 16, 2014.
3. How To Make Money with Facebook :Full Guide 2017 December 21 ,2016
4. to make money with Facebook 3 ways to earn money with fbApril 4,2017
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Studying in Australia may be the first time you have lived away from home. At Taylors College you will quickly feel part of a community. Our teachers and support staff will do all they can to help you to integrate and adapt to the Australian life and successfully complete your studies. Your time with us starts with an orientation program, to help you find your way around the college and make new friends.
To help you reach your goals, our programs offer free, personalised tutorials. Tutorials are available to students in all subjects. This is your time to ask questions and focus on difficult study areas.
To ensure you are happy in your studies and progressing well, your timetable will include daily one-to-one tutorials across each of your subjects. This provides you with the individual attention, support and encouragement you need to gain your HSC.
Our teaching style helps students make a smooth transition from school to university. You will be encouraged to ask questions, participate in class and develop the key study skills needed for success at university. This includes carrying out research, giving presentations and learning independent study techniques.
In Year 12 you will continue to benefit from our university-style teaching, to make sure you are prepared for your university studies. You will undertake independent learning assignments, including research and project work.
If you want a guaranteed university offer, you have come to the right place. We have strong relationships with Australia's best universities, which means we understand what they want from international students. We will be ready to advise you on university choices and coach you through the application process. We also provide a wide range of careers activities, so you can explore your options after you graduate and gain relevant skills for the workplace.
Taking part in activities outside the classroom will help you develop life skills such as teamwork, leadership and communication. It's also a great way to meet students from other programs and make new friends.
A popular choice is Taylors Action Group (TAG), which organises regular student activities. Events include a Chinese New Year party, Ramadan Celebration Dinner, Soccer Gala Day Barbeque and Jeans for Genes Day.
Your welfare is our highest priority. We have dedicated teams of support, welfare and teaching staff, who create a caring and friendly learning environment. If you need someone to talk to, or have any personal or academic concerns, our Student Support Services team is here to help.
If you are under 18 you must have a guardian who is responsible for your welfare. Taylors College has links with a number of organisations, who can provide you with an approved caregiver. They will provide a link between your parents and the school, and a variety of services including support on your arrival in Australia, fortnightly visits, monitoring of your academic progress and attendance, and even 24-hour service in case of emergency.
If you want to take advantage of this service, please contact one of the following organisations:
"We have many support services available, such as a Year Advisor. She will talk to us regularly throughout the term, and make sure everyone is feeling all right. It's helpful when you have someone to talk to."
"What I enjoy most at Taylors High School is the environment and the supportive teachers. The teachers are very patient, and give us as much help as possible to achieve our goals."
"The classes are small so the teacher can focus more on each student."
Phallin, Year 12


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What is Pro HTI ?
The HTI-program is designed to deepen the competence of UX/CX both in theory and practice.
Do you dream of working as a UX/UI specialist in the near future?
Deepen your UX design and interaction techniques skills with this hands-on Human Technology-Interaction course. We provide all the newest methods and tools, authentic cases and practical assignments. Your job is to find a company of interest with whom you will do your company project work. By the end of this program, you will have the skills to become an HTI Specialist in product development and research settings.
Companies Connect with Innovative Thinkers
Who Can Apply ?
The programme is for persons working in or entering to the Finnish labour market. The main target is to enhance a Finnish economy. The Programme is for you if you fit the following criteria.
what is the outcome ?
The Pro HTI programme highlights these skills and themes
what are the practicalities ?
The information and key dates you need
What about the courses ?
The HTI-program consists of studies based on the Master´s Degree Program in Human-Technology Interaction (20 ECTS), Optional studies (5 ECTS) and Workplace Training (5 ECTS). The students will do the larger project work with a company. In addition, the student will do their Personal Study Plan (PSP).
In this course, you will learn how to design and conduct human-centered research, especially according to the "Contextual Design" framework. You will model and consolidate different types of user research data from various sources, and identify the most relevant user-related aspects that affect the design. Design decisions will be made based on this understanding of the user, and these designs will be executed with methods such as paper prototypes, UI mock-ups, and wireframes.
This course focuses on the design principles that are most commonly used in user interface design and evaluation. You will study the different types of user interfaces, interaction models, and design guidelines that are used in conjunction with the task analysis in gathering user requirements. After completing the course, you will be able to apply these guidelines and usability heuristics in the creation of an evaluation plan and will understand how to construct a blueprint for creating graphical user interfaces.
This course introduces a collection of interaction techniques, technologies, and environments to provide a comprehensive understanding of current and near future human-technology interaction on a technical level. Interaction techniques are introduced within various technology and use context related topics and are discussed in relation to models of human performance to develop modeling skills that aid in evaluating the applicability, effectiveness and efficiency of interaction techniques.
Focusing on the Human factors of different interaction modalities and multimodal interaction, this course covers the devices and interaction technologies for multimodal interaction, tools and methods for multimodal applications, and the fusion and fission of different modalities. After the course you will understand the characteristics of multimodal interaction and the technologies involved, the methods and tools needed to design these types of interactions, and the evaluation of multimodal applications and services.
Application Process
How to apply and what happens next
Become an expert in HTI
Apply today and become an expert in the field of HTI to gain a competitive edge and help build a better future for companies, clients, and end users.


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What is the Statute of Limitations for Credit Cards in Pennsylvania? We get calls asking this question every day. In most instances, the statute of limitations on a collection claim in PA is 4 years. There are a few exceptions, namely for Discover and Capital One accounts, which may be only 3 years. Discover and Capital One may have different (and lesser) statutes of limitation due to the contract that they include with their accounts. Not every contract has the same language, but some of them do.
When does the Statute of Limitations start? The SOL starts when the account or claim goes into default. Default occurs when you fail to make a payment, in most instances. As an example, you make a payment December 31, 2009. The next payment presumably is due on January 30, 2010. If you fail to make that payment, then the statute clock starts to click. If there is a four year SOL at work here, then the claim against you would have to be filed by January 30, 2014. If the claim is filed after that date, then the claim may be "time-barred". Time barred simply means that a claim is too late, it does not mean that the collector cannot sue you. What I mean is that time barred lawsuits are filed every day. You cannot simply call up the collector and say "this is too late, drop it". That phone call is rarely going to work. Instead, you are going to have to assert your defenses to the lawsuit by filing a responsive pleading. Then, you may have to go to a hearing or have a motion for summary judgment scheduled. The point being made here is that many people believe that if the lawsuit is too late, they can either ignore it or they can simply call the court or opposing attorney and ask them to withdraw the case. I can say that rarely is an effective maneuver.
If a credit card collection action is filed against you and you think that the SOL has run, you should consult with a consumer attorney right away. The action of filing a claim after the SOL has run is illegal and is contrary to the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act (FDCPA). This can result in you filing a claim against the debt collector who sued you. Such a lawsuit would entitle you to up to $1000 in statutory damages, plus any actual damages, plus recovery of reasonable attorney fees.


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International trade can be something of a two-edged sword from the point of view of developing countries. It can promote economic development, but it can retard it and other kinds of development as well.
International trade can be a major boon for developing countries. It can allow those countries to focus on producing goods that will be exported to richer countries. This allows them to make money in ways that would not be possible if they were producing only for their own domestic markets which are still relatively underdeveloped. We have seen trade help such countries as Japan, China, and South Korea over the last half-century or so.
However, international trade can also be harmful. The companies that use the developing countries as suppliers do not really care about developing those countries. They are happy enough to exploit cheap labor rather than helping the economies diversify. As we know from the case of Bangladesh, the companies can also allow conditions that are very unsafe for the local workers. In addition, the money that comes in from the multinational firms can often go disproportionately to well-connected elites. This can cause a great deal of inequality and can exacerbate things like government corruption.
In these ways and others, international trade can both help and harm developing countries.
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What we spend on our home, food and clothing pales in comparison to our annual tax bill.
In 2016, Americans will pay roughly 20% more for their federal, state and local taxes than for the their housing, food and clothing combined, according to an analysis by the Tax Foundation, a nonpartisan tax research organization.
In 2016, Americans will likely spend roughly $1.6 trillion on food, $2.1 trillion on housing and $360 billion on clothing, totaling about $4.1 trillion. Meanwhile, their total tax bill will be about $4.9 trillion ($3.34 trillion in federal taxes and $1.6trillion state and local taxes).
Read: 45% of Americans pay no income tax
While that number may seem staggeringly high, Americans still spend a lower portion of their income on taxes than residents of other countries, according to an analysis of 39 countries released this week by the Pew Research Center.
Read: Compared to most countries, we're undertaxed
For example, a single, childless American making the average wage in 2014 paid 24.8% of his or her gross income in federal income tax and payroll taxes, compared to 27.3% on average across all 39 countries measured. "Much of the difference in relative tax burdens among different countries is due to the taxes that fund social-insurance programs, such as Social Security and Medicare in the U.S." the Pew researchers write. "These taxes tend to be higher in other developed nations than they are in the U.S."


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7 Reasons Women Should Drink Less Alcohol
I never crashed a car or missed work. In fact, I won awards at work. But during a period of stress and depression, my nightly glass of wine — chopping vegetables, downshifting from work — morphed into a nightly four glasses of wine.
In my book, Drink: The Intimate Relationship Between Women and Alcohol, I expose myself as the poster girl of the modern alcoholic: high-functioning, professional and high bottom. And I'm not alone: around the world, women are closing the gender gap on risky drinking.
My book explores my story, as well as those of many other women, from ages 17 to 84, incorporating a deep analysis of the "pinking" of the alcohol market, the role of trauma and depression in substance abuse, and our romance with the glass.
Here are eight things women should know about alcohol and the alcohol industry:
1. Compared to illicit drugs, alcohol is responsible for a much higher number of deaths.
According to the Centers for Disease Control, excessive drinking is the fourth leading preventable cause of death in the United States, after smoking and a combination of bad diet and inactivity. By conservative estimates, it's responsible for 23,000 female deaths each year — more than half from binge drinking.
2. In many ways, the alcohol industry behaves just like the tobacco industry.
The alcohol industry is a multibillion-dollar international industry dealing with market-friendly governments, enjoying a virtually unrestricted market for advertising, despite growing evidence that the substance has significant health risks. In fact, research has revealed that alcohol abuse is a more serious risk for early mortality than smoking — and more than twice as deadly for women than men.
3. Alcohol is a carcinogen, and the risks outweigh the protective factors.
For some time, there's been a clear causal link between alcohol consumption and a wide variety of cancers, including two of the most frequently diagnosed: breast and colorectal. In fact up to 15 percent of breast cancers cases are associated with alcohol consumption. Last year, a study in the respected journal Addiction challenged the broadly accepted assumption that a daily glass of red wine offers protection against heart disease. The protective factor varies by gender — with higher risk for morbidity and mortality for women.
4. Women's chemistry means they become dependent on alcohol much faster than men.
Women's vulnerabilities start with the simple fact that, on average, they have more body fat than men. Since body fat contains little water, there's less to dilute the alcohol consumed. In addition, women have a lower level of alcohol dehydrogenase, a key metabolizing enzyme which helps the body break down and eliminate alcohol. As a result, a larger proportion of what women drink enters the bloodstream. Furthermore, fluctuating hormone levels mean that the intoxicating effects of alcohol set in fast when estrogen levels are high.
5. Women's chemistry also means that they're more negatively affected by the health consequences of drinking.
Cognitive deficits and liver disease all occur earlier in women, with significantly shorter exposure to alcohol. Women who consume four or more alcoholic beverages a day quadruple their risk of dying from heart disease. Heavy drinkers of both genders run the risk of a fatal hemorrhagic stroke, but the odds are five times higher for women.
6. The alcohol industry is wooing women.
Women's buying power has been growing for decades, and our decision-making authority has grown as well. The alcohol industry, well aware of this reality, is now battling for our downtime — and our brand loyalty. Wines with names like Girls' Night Out, MommyJuice, Mommy's Time Out, Cupcake, and yes, Happy Bitch; berry-flavored vodkas, Skinnygirl Vodka, and mango coolers: all are aimed at women.
7. Alcohol is a women's issue.
Whether it's a matter of escape, empowerment, or entitlement, alcohol has become a women's issue. The alcohol business, like the tobacco business beforehand, has taken aim at the female market, and scored. Risky drinking has become normalized, and not all young women will mature out of it.
Here are the questions we need to be asking. Has alcohol become the modern woman's steroid, enabling her to do the heavy lifting necessary in an endlessly complex world? Is it the escape valve women need, in the midst of a major social revolution still unfolding? How much of this is marketing, and how much is the need to numb?


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How to Take Apart and Clean MacBook Keys
The MacBook is Apple's line of laptop computers. Over time and with use, the keys on your MacBook can become dirty and grimy. This can be unsightly and can become a harvesting ground for germs and bacteria, especially if several people use the computer. Fortunately you can take the key caps off of the keyboard and clean them using simple household tools, making your MacBook keyboard look like it did when you first bought it.
Remove Key Cap
Insert the tip of a thin Flathead screwdriver into the bottom left corner of any of the key caps on your MacBook keyboard.
Push towards the top of the key with the screwdriver and lift upward simultaneously to disengage the hinge mechanism beneath the key.
Grasp the key with your finger and gently pull it off the keyboard.
Clean Key Cap
Saturate a cotton swab with isopropyl alcohol and scrub the top, bottom and edges of the key with it. This works on keys that are not very dirty.
Create a soapy solution with approximately 1 cup of water and 1 to 2 drops of liquid dish washing soap.
Dip a clean soft-bristle toothbrush into the solution and scrub the key to remove dirt and grime from extremely dirty or grimy key caps.
Rinse the key with water and allow it to dry completely before you reinstall it.
Photo Credits
- Medioimages/Photodisc/Photodisc/Getty Images


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Why does a dog or cat need pet dental x-rays for their veterinary dental cleanings or exams? It's really very simple, the visible part of a tooth is only a small portion of the structure of the teeth and mouth. So, just as your dentist will take dental radiographs or x-rays to so what's happening below the gumline, the same holds true for a vet dentist.
Without these vet dental radiographs as part of a dog or cat's vet dental exam, the pet is not getting the full dental care and evaluation that allows for identifying issues like pet periodontal disease or complex root structure. When your pet receives regular veterinary dental care including radiographs certain oral disease can be detected and cared for early before it begins causes further damage to the pet's mouth.
If a pet has a broken tooth, x-rays give a full picture of the tooth and root structure. This allows the vet dentist to make an assessment about whether the tooth should be extracted, if veterinary root canal therapy is a better option and to have a final view after treatment to assure that everything below the gum line has been completely addressed. Often, a pet tooth extraction without x-rays results in root structure being left behind, which will later be painful and potentially cause infection.
When you see a Board Certified Veterinary Dentist you are not only choosing the most highly qualified care for your pet, but also choosing a vet dentist who utilizes the latest in digital vet dental radiographs. Digital x-rays require less radiation exposure for your pet to produce an image of similar contrast to conventional radiography. The images are immediately accessible to the vet dentist within seconds, who also has the ability to enhance the images for the best view of your pet's dental anatomy.
In order for a veterinary dentist to obtain radiographs, it is necessary for a pet to have any dental cleaning or procedure under anesthesia. Do not be tempted to think that a groomer or other person providing pet dental cleaning or scaling without anesthesia is at all adequate or safe for your pet. They do no more than scrape a pet's tooth (painful itself for your pet) leaving potential disease the gumline unseen and potentially creating a much greater expense for the pet owner later.
Below is an excellent video from Veterinary News Network about Vet Dental Radiography.


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Scientists have developed a method to test for male infertility that doesn't require much more than a smartphone. By building an app and pairing with a custom-made 3D-printed case that can magnify sperm and reveal the number of sperm and their motility, researchers at Harvard Medical School affiliated Brigham and Women's Hospital and Massachusetts General have devised a cheap, quick and convenient way for any man to perform his own semen analysis.
For under $5, scientists created a disposable, easy-to-use fertility testing system that puts the entire process directly into mens' hands, which they believe is a valuable asset considering the high worldwide rates of infertility as well as the many barriers that prevent men from pursuing conventional methods of testing. Of the more than 45 million couples worldwide who are affected by infertility, over 40 percent of the cases include some male component.
"Although male infertility is as common as female infertility, it often goes undiagnosed because of socioeconomic factors such as stigma, high cost of testing, and availability of laboratory facilities," the researchers wrote in the paper published in the journal Science Translational Medicine. "Furthermore, healthcare disparities related to economic, cultural, societal, geographical, and religious factors are major impediments to accessing infertility care worldwide, especially in developing countries, making it one of the most underestimated and neglected health care issues."
The tool consists of a disposable microchip equipped to handle a semen sample, which is slipped into the smartphone attachment and activates the camera to morph into a microscope. From there, the app guides the user through a video analyzing the sperm cells and their movements. To evaluate the smartphone-based semen analyzer, researchers recruited both trained and untrained study participants using over 350 samples and took the device head-to-head with traditional lab equipment. The smartphone tool was able to identify abnormal sperm samples with 98 percent accuracy.
"We have demonstrated that the smartphone-based semen analyzer can accurately measure sperm concentration, motility, total sperm count, total motile sperm count, and linear and curvilinear velocities using a small volume of an unwashed, unprocessed semen sample loaded into a disposable microchip," the researchers write. "We developed an automated smartphone-based diagnostic assay with the potential to make male fertility testing as accessible, easy, fast, and private as pregnancy tests."
This isn't the first at-home, app-based semen analysis testing out there, but it's the first that is both compact and tests for both sperm count and motility. Medical Electronic Systems, which makes commercial-grade automated semen analyzers, launched home-testing kit and companion app called YO, which works with an arsenal of tiny lab equipment including a mini microscope that clips onto a smartphone. Sandstone Diagnostics has an FDA-cleared, app-connected home test for male fertility called Trak, but the actual testing is done via a portable centrifuge.
The Harvard researchers' tool isn't yet a real product in the market, but they believe the low price point, ease of use and comprehensiveness of testing metrics could have a significant impact around the world. Additionally, the tool's simplicity and disposable nature relieves the need for professional training and repeated quality control exercises that are necessary for the current standard system: manual microscope-based testing and computer assisted semen analysis (CASA).
"Our easy-to-use platform eliminates the need for such exercises and may aid in the standardization of semen tests because variability in semen analysis is still relatively high," they write. "Furthermore, infertility in resource-limited settings is also a global issue, and the ability to provide routine, point-of-care, low-cost, reliable semen analysis testing is needed. CASA systems are relatively expensive, and even in the United States, many clinics and fertility centers use manual semen analysis methods, resulting in poor standardization. Our system, with its low manufacturing costs can potentially introduce a better standardization of care in regions of the world that require it the most."


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Synonyms for purgatorial
SWAP purgatorial IN A SENTENCE
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Humour ascends from his Hope to them as to a heaven of animals from a purgatorial region.
Shall we invest with like purgatorial powers the flaming swords that barred the way to Paradise?
The speakers were a pair of old Purgatorial Twins, not without alleviations, designed by Nature to multiply.
The Roman Catholic and the Restorationist answer, in purgatorial fire, or in some kind of a second probation after death.
Purgatorial pains—unless indeed they should prove eternal—are insufficient punishment for the impious man who invented Allegory.
It no longer heals the sick; but it conducts a purgatorial lottery at so much a head!
If they should cost her a decade in purgatorial torments, she would feel that they were worth it.
To the discard with it, where, flaming in purgatorial fires, it may be refashioned for future reincarnation on some other planet.
Is not the shield of Achilles, like Dante's pavement of the purgatorial staircase, a forecast of the future?
The subsequent restoration of Israel shows that the fires to which the elegist here calls our attention were purgatorial.