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The neurological phenotype
KATP channels are expressed in the brain, nerve and muscle as well as the pancreas.
Around 20% of patients with KATP channel neonatal diabetes have neurological features. This can range from mild developmental delay to DEND syndrome (developmental delay, epilepsy and neonatal diabetes). Neurodevelopmental problems may manifest as autism (comprising impaired language and social interaction and restricted/repetitive behaviours) or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, which can impact significantly on the lives of affected patients and their families. Even patients without an overt neurological phenotype have recently been shown to have attention deficits and developmental coordination disorder on neuropsychological testing.
Early diagnosis in these cases and treatment with the sulphonylurea glibenclamide from the outset is important. Glibenclamide crosses the blood / brain barrier and may aid neurological function in patients with KATP channel neonatal diabetes. One study showed an inverse correlation between age of initiation of treatment and performance in a visuomotor task in 8 patients with the specific V59M mutation in the KCNJ11 gene. Those patients with potassium channel neonatal diabetes and developmental delay may also be helped by having a higher dose of sulphonylurea. Our clinical experience with patients also suggests that earlier treatment with glibenclamide, in the first few months of life, results in less severe neurological features, which may be due to early brain plasticity. However high doses of glibenclamide can be beneficial even in older children and many families have reported improvements in concentration and speech after the glibenclamide dose is increased. More research studies are needed to investigate this further.
Emma reported improvements in Jack's speech, concentration and behaviour since starting glibenclamide.
You can find more information on our Diabetes Genes website.
© University of Exeter

subset: commoncrawl


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by Jamie Buckingham
According to my friend Ollie Swenson, who also lives in the country, the second happiest day in his life was the day someone gave him a goat. The happiest day was the day the goat ran away.
Ollie went on to explain how his goat—the very first day he had it—climbed the fence and ate every one of his wife's expensive shrubs, including nine hanging baskets on the patio (rope and all).
The goat finished that off by devouring all the imported tulips from Holland and, without even a burp, ate one of his wife's eelskin shoes. The next day the goat butted Ollie's mother-in-law head first into the compost pile and then totally destroyed his neighbor's garden.
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Two days later, the neighbor called to apologize. It seems the goat—quite by accident—had gotten mixed up with two cows the neighbor was taking to the market. The goat wound up at the slaughterhouse and no one could figure out how a thing like that could have happened.
Ollie said it was a time for rejoicing throughout the kingdom. Well, I don't know much about goats, but I can tell you about pigs and cows. And about horses that eat sand and have to be flushed out. Now that's quite an experience.
Mickey Evans, who runs an alcoholic rehab center on a large ranch, gave me a 34-year-old horse one time. One morning, I walked out to the pasture behind our house to lean on a fence post, watch the sunrise and pray in tongues.
I glanced out into the pasture and saw the horse lying on his side, looking like the Goodyear blimp. I mean he was so filled with gas he was about to float. I called the big animal vet. He arrived within the hour. "He's sanded," the vet said. By that he meant the horse was too stupid to know the difference between grass and dirt, and had eaten at least a bucket of sand.
The effect was the same as pouring dirt down your sink—it had clogged his innards. We finally got the horse on his feet, which was no easy feat. The vet told me to hold the horse's head. He then withdrew a 25-foot rubber hose from his satchel and stuck it in the horse's nose. It was hard to believe.
I watched, dumbfounded, as he pushed all 25 feet past his stomach into his intestines. When all but 12 inches had disappeared, he took a large kitchen funnel and stuck it in the exposed end of the hose. He then produced a gallon jug of mineral oil.
I couldn't believe it. He emptied the entire gallon into the hose. All this time the horse just stood there, looking stupid. "That ought to fix him up," the vet said, as he began reeling in the hose from the horse's nose. I was feeling a bit nauseated. Thinking he could get along without me, I walked around behind the horse. Just then I heard the vet scream, "Don't go back there!"
It was too late. What happened next is too awful to describe. The effect, though, was that of standing in front of a sandblast hose. The huge explosion of gas, oil, sand and "other materials" knocked me into the barbed wire fence and left me smelling. It was pretty bad.
"I told you that would fix him up," the vet grinned. It not only fixed him, it fixed me too. The next day, still picking strange-looking things out of my ears, I decided it was time to donate the horse to the church.
But, on second thought, I called Mickey Evans and told him to come after the horse. The only thing that saved the horse's life was the thought of having to dig a hole big enough to bury him.
That, aside from the day I gave our two cows to Mickey, was the happiest day of my life. Well, maybe the second happiest day. The happiest day was the day I gave the boat away. You see, the problem is in owning something you have no business owning.
No landlubber needs a boat—especially the kind that has a large engine which always quits running two miles offshore. So I had decided to give the boat to God—broken engine, rotted canvas and all. There was a lot of thunder and lightning that afternoon.
Jackie says it was because God knew the boat had a hole in it. Several holes, in fact. I'd tried three times before to give it to God. Each time He refused. I finally left it in the church parking lot with a note saying I'd stop by later for my tax receipt.
Jackie said that wouldn't work since God saw me put it there. She said all that thunder and lightning came when He saw the battery was dead, the trailer rusted and the prop bent. When He realized it was going to cost more to fix it up than it was worth, He came looking for me with thunder and lightning.
Fortunately, I was preaching in Atlanta and He couldn't locate me, In fact it's hard for God to find most preachers in Atlanta. Jackie warned me that God was going to get me back. "Not so," I argued, quoting 2 Cor. 9:7. "God loves a cheerful giver.' No one has ever been more cheerful about a gift than I am about this one."
"Just the same," she said, "the first time He has to paddle that thing home after the engine won't start, He'll come after you,"
I laughed it off and gratefully accepted my tax receipt from the church. It seems the boat was worth a lot more than I realized. Then yesterday Mickey called. He's bringing me a pet pig. His wife won't let him keep it in the house anymore. He said God told him to give it to me. I haven't told Jackie. She'll see it as God's way of getting even for the boat. Me? l'in still trying to figure out how to get a pig in the offering plate.
From 1979 until his death, Jamie Buckingham (1932-1992) wrote the "Last Word" column for Charisma magazine, which originally published this article. He was the editor of Ministry Today magazine at his untimely death in February 1992—more than 20 years ago.
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FREE NICL MINI-COURSE - Enroll for 3-hours of training from Dr. Rutland's full leadership course. Experience the NICL and decide if this training is right for you and your team.Do you feel stuck? Do you feel like you're not growing? Do you need help from an expert in leadership? There is no other leadership training like the NICL. Gain the leadership skills and confidence you need to lead your church, business or ministry. Get ready to accomplish all of your God-given dreams. CLICK HERE for NICL training dates and details.
The NICL Online is an option for any leader with time or schedule constraints. It's also for leaders who want to expedite their training to receive advanced standing for Master Level credit hours. Work through Dr. Rutland's full training from the comfort of your home or ministry at your pace. Learn more about NICL Online. Learn more about NICL Online.


text: Information & everyting related to the VW Phaeton including the 2007, 2010 facelift models. The ultimate luxury car for those without a badge hang up. The Phaeton's platform, the Volkswagen Group D1 platform, is shared with the Bentley Continental GT and Bentley Continental Flying Spur. Phaeton production ended in March 2016.


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Watch as Apple customers try to tell the difference between the new iPad & iPad 2
Amidst all the frenzy over Apple's new iPad, I couldn't help but find myself considering the $499 device. Then, after seeing countless journalists gush over the retina display, I tried out the tablet on launch day and abruptly came back down to earth.
Now, I'm a huge fan of Apple and it's design-minded products, but the reality is, this screen isn't going to send you into an orgasmic rush. Since the new iPad mirrors the iPad 2, the only change casual users are expected to immediately notice is the new display.
But something funny happened at the Apple Store on Friday: Customers were actually having trouble telling the difference between the two screens. Because of this, we decided to set up a little test and see what happens when the iPad 2 and the new iPad are placed side-by-side. Could anyone actually tell the difference? Find out in the video below:
As you saw in the video, this was no scientific test. The new retina display is a great improvement and makes things like prolonged use and reading much easier on the eyes. That said, it's just so wild to see people, some of which were actually walking out with their new iPad, realize that they couldn't see the difference.
Over time and with various lighting changes, perhaps the people we interviewed would notice which screen packed more pixels. But the fact that the resolutionary improvements aren't so distinct goes to show just how powerful Apple's marketing arm is.
Don't stress Apple fans. If you have extra money lying around, the new iPad is worth it. Plus, the iPad 2 is cheaper than ever and is still a killer tablet. As for you haters from those Samsung commercials: you're welcome.
Enjoyed this? Read: Suddenly, your old iPad or iPad 2 is going to feel a lot smaller.
Read next: 50 (mostly) free social media tools you can't live without in 2012


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Aramis reports to camp, is not 100 percent yet
PHOENIX -- A family history of colon cancer led Brewers third baseman Aramis Ramirez to have a colonoscopy during the offseason, and it turned into a wise preventative measure.
Ramirez, 35, reported to Maryvale Baseball Park in time for the Brewers' first full-squad workout on Saturday but will not be quite ready to play when Cactus League games begin next week. He underwent arthroscopic surgery in early January to remove a non-malignant polyp.
"I just wanted to do it because my dad died of colon cancer," said Ramirez, whose father, Victor, was 61 when he passed away. "I wanted to get checked out because usually it's a family thing. Sure enough, I didn't have cancer, but I had a polyp."
Ramirez and his doctors knew right away the growth was benign. He had the surgery in Miami and was told to expect an eight-week recovery.
"I don't know how many [Spring Training] games I'll miss," Ramirez said. "Hopefully it's not many."
The experience was scary, he said, "because I never had surgery before. That was my first one and hopefully my last one."
Ramirez was able to take part in batting practice Saturday and said he can field grounders and run the bases, but he will play it safe until he feels 100 percent. The sprained left knee that limited him to 92 games in 2013 was fully healed long before Ramirez had his colon surgery.
He is entering the final guaranteed season of his three-year contract with the Brewers. The deal includes a mutual option for 2015.
"I can't wait to get back," Ramirez said. "Last year was a tough year, as you guys know. I didn't play much -- 90, 91, 92 games. That's not what I get paid for. I should be out there at least 140, 145, 150 games. Hopefully I can do that this year.
"It's hard to play when you're not 100 percent. When you're playing on one leg, it's a lot harder. Like I say, if I'm healthy, everything should be OK."


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Class of 2016 Graduation Wine Bottle Stopper Cork
Shipping calculated at checkout.
Keep your fine wine and sparkling drinks fresh with Made on Terra's smart bottle stopper. With graduated rubber gaskets to fit a variety of bottle sizes for an airtight fit.
Sold individually.
- 1"" wide x 3 1/2"" tall
- Made of solid metal, vinyl and rubber
- Rubber gaskets for an airtight fit
- Packaged in a lovely, linen bag for safe-keeping
- Spot clean; do not wash in dishwasher
Sold individually.


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Book Direct with the Owner at Great Walks Australia with Kalgoorlie Accommodation Agent , for all your adventures and things to do.
Address: Mount Short Road, Ravensthorpe WA 6346
Address: South West Highway, Bunbury WA 6230
Address: via Chapman Valley Road, Geraldton WA 6530
Address: Elverdton Road, Ravensthorpe WA 6346
Address: via Yardie Creek Road, Exmouth WA 6707
Address: via Mount Shadforth Road, Denmark WA 6333
Address: Muncaster Road, Ravensthorpe WA 6346
Address: via Floater Road, Ravensthorpe WA 6346
Address: South West Highway, Donnybrook WA 6239
Address: via Moir Road, Ravensthorpe WA 6346
Address: Devil's Peak Road, Quorn SA 5433
Address: Beach Road, Beachport SA 5280
Address: Moonta Tourist Office Blanche Terrace, Moonta Mines SA 5558
Address: Corner Weaver Street and Towler Street, Stansbury SA 5582
Address: Memorial Drive, Coonawarra SA 5263
Address: Bay Street, Port Broughton SA 5522
Address: Main Road, Bridport TAS 7262
Address: 92-96 Main Road, George Town TAS 7253
Address: 36 White Gum Rd, Ulladulla NSW 2539
Address: Lawrence Hargrave Drive, Stanwell Park NSW 2508
copyright © 2020 Kalgoorlie Accommodation. All rights reserved.


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|Baked Cabbage Wedges
A healthy cabbage recipe, big wedges of cabbage baked low and slow in the oven with carrot and onion. The heat turns the cabbage into something entirely different, dark and toasty, sweet and smoky. Best made one day and served a day or two later.
"Soooo good. ... If this gets any better the second day - hold me down!" ~ yarby50
My parents "recycled" garbage before it was the cool thing to do. They burned what they could, everything else had to be hauled to the town dump, the collection of human refuse we now call "landfills".
Back then, it was a treat to clamber into the pickup beside Dad for a trip to the dump. Before hitting the highway, we'd be singing "To the dump, to the dump, to the dump-dump-dump" and another a song about hillbilly moonshine that my now 80-something and entirely respectable father is still known to belt out around campfires, even without influence of said moonshine.
This month, my town switched from a drop-off recycling center to curb-side no-sorting-required recycling and I've got to say, I-LOVE-IT. I'd gotten lazy about sorting and storing and hauling tins cans, glass bottles, newspapers, paper and cardboard to the recycling center just a short drive away. It added up. Now though, the garage feels positively roomy now that all the garbage, my personal human refuse, collects in a sparkly-green albeit L-A-R-G-E recycling bin. Come Mondays, I'll make the short haul to the street and just might find a song on my lips. "To the dump, to the dump, to the dump-dump-dump."
Time to table: 24 hours
Serves 1 to many
- Wedge of green cabbage (see TIPS)
- Carrot, peeled and cut into chunks
- Onion, in large chunks separated into layers
- Olive oil or bacon grease (not much, about 1 tablespoon for 4 wedges)
- Salt & pepper to taste
- Cayenne pepper to taste, optional (see TIPS)
- Broth (about 1/4 cup for either 4 or 8 wedges)
Preheat oven to 325F/160C. Place cabbage wedges cut-side down in a baking dish in a single layer. Add the carrots and onions. Drizzle with olive oil or dot with bacon grease. Season with salt, pepper and cayenne. Add the broth, cover with foil.
Bake for one hour, then turn the cabbage wedges over. If needed, add a splash or two of liquid. Bake for another hour. Remove the foil.
Increase the oven temperature to 400F/200C and let finish cooking for about 15 minutes until the cabbage begins to darken.
Remove from oven, let cool, cover and refrigerate until ready to serve. To rewarm, set oven to 350F/175C and heat through, about 20 minutes.
Cabbage Turned Dark & Toasty, Sweet & Smoky
So the crunch and color of raw cabbage and carrots turn into something soft (but not mushy) and smoky, dark and toasty. Ahh, the surprising experience of slow-slow cooked cabbage.
TIS THE SEASON: This Week, Years Past
Karelian Borscht (Russian Beet Borscht Soup) Winter Pesto with Pasta Winter Stew Spaghetti Aglio e Olio (Garlic & Olive Oil) Football Fever!
Crazy for Cabbage? More Healthy Recipes!
from Kitchen Parade
~ Cabbage Roses ~
~ Swedish Red Cabbage & Apples ~
~ Cabbage & White Bean Stew ~
~ more cabbage recipes ~
from A Veggie Venture, my food blog
© Copyright 2011, 2015 Kitchen Parade


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Wednesday, October 21, 2020
In developing our products we have created a number of important tools and weighting tables. We can therefore create many different custom-designed solutions for your demographic data and geographic data needs that go beyond the capabilities of our standard products. Sometimes we use these tools to manipulate the data extracted from our products to better suit your particular needs and sometimes it is to create something that cannot be done with our products alone.
Below is a list of the reports and services we provide. To get more details about any of these projects or if you have other data needs please call us at 800-577-6717 to discuss your requirements with us.
Demographic Reports (and Maps)
Custom Reports - We regularly run custom reports for individuals and agencies providing just the variables needed for the area specified. Sometimes it is a site selection radius around a potential location that a customer is thinking of developing and needs to know how many people there are within 3 miles and what their income levels are. Other times it is information about ethnic breakouts by tracts across a state or the country at large. These are generally run right out of our products and are usually purchased by groups that do not need the complete software for the target marketing. These customers generally only need one set of answers and a custom report is a quicker and simpler solution. Reports start at $150.
Area Segmentation - We can create a specific weighting file to determine which parts of an area qualify using your agency specifications. You tell us what your target audience has as its characteristics and we will rank order the entire area by how well it correlates with your target market research.
For example, we created a weighting file for a state government agency that needed to determine which Block Groups in their state met the mandated definition of "Distressed Block Groups". In their state to be "distressed" it had to meet at least 5 of 8 indicators (high unemployment, low high school graduation rates, high child poverty rates, high senior poverty rates, high single-mother with children in poverty rates, low per capita income, high percentage of minorities, high percentage of multiple people sharing living limited space). This file will then be used to determine which block groups are distressed and the level of distress. The government agency will then use this as the method for determining where to invest in programs, where to offer additional resources, and what areas qualify for different funding sources. We can custom tailor the variables used and the cut-offs to meet whatever your agency or state needs require. The pricing for this sort of project is about $2,500 depending upon the constraints.
Area-to-Area Correspondence File
Different groups will have different specific needs so we have built in flexibility with this program. There are two sets of selections so as to best meet your needs: Dominant area vs. All available and Weighting by Population vs. Land area.
Dominant area vs. All available
Weighting by Population vs. Land Area
Below is a map of Middlesex County NJ. The gray area is the county line, superimposed over it are the zip code boundaries. As you can see in the blown-up version on the right, zip code 08540 has a small corner that is within the county lines, but most of it is outside the county. Likewise, most of 08512 is within the county, but not all of. If you do this manually than the questions is "what proportion of the population in 08540 do you attribute to Middlesex County and what proportion of 08512 do you subtract?"
The layering of maps creates a weighting by land area. For example, in a downtown business area where there are very few residents, weighting by population may not be as desirable. If on the other hand you want to weigh areas that are populated, then the way to normalize it more precisely is to look at where the people are located as a way of determining how to allocate the percentage coverage.
We can create a correspondence between any two geographic areas in 2000. So for example we could tell you zip codes in an MSA or tracts in a Place, etc. These reports start at $350.
The methodology for creating these reports is available (click here for more information).
Banking/Realtor Tract Level Data and Maps
Geocoding Services -
Geocoding takes an entire database of addresses and assigns the appropriate latitude/longitude coordinate to each address. It then assigns the Census Block for that coordinate. Our GeocodeDVD goes one step further. We can now assign the 1970 Census Tract, the 1980 Census Tract and Block Group, and the 1990 Census Block Group. So if you need to append historic census data to your address list, we can run your list and append these older census year tract and block group coordinates for you. As a default we will append to each address up to 60+ demographic variables based on the 2000 Census Long Form. For an additional fee we can also append the latest current year demographic estimates and 5-year projections to each address.
Custom-built Databases / Full Product Development
Housing and Urban Development (HUD)
During this project it was necessary for GeoLytics to import, clean, validate and then process the original data. The data was then converted into a proprietary compressed format. The final product has a menu-driven interface that allows the user to form his/her own queries and thus create his/her own custom set of data from these tables. To make the reporting more powerful we also added a mapping component that displays the various geographic levels.
National Economic Research Associates (NERA)
NERA was working with a client's database file of nearly 300,000 records that contained data at the 1990 Block Group level. In order to do the required analysis they needed the 1990 Block Group data normalized to 2000 Block Group definitions. And then they needed 2000 Block Group data appended to each record in the database file. In just a few days we were able to give them the exact data set that they needed appended to the existing file so that they could continue their analysis.
Database Compression
For example, we have achieved the following compression results:
The compressed data is easy to access with built-in utilities and library functions. Our compression utility designed for dBase files can also be modified for any database format. Additionally, we have an ArcGIS shape file compression utility that can be modified for any spatial data where the format is available.
Our compression technology has been incorporated into ESRI's Arcview Business Analyst. We were employed by ESRI to compress several large sets of data (Population Estimates, Population Projections, Dun & Bradstreet's Business Reports database, along with a database of consumer expenditures for over 90 million households). All of these, and the boundaries, were compressed onto two disks (the requirements from ESRI). With compression, not only was it easier for the user to manage the datasets, but because of our technology the user was able to access the data much faster - without having to uncompress it.
The capacity and speed of this technology is also showcased in all of our CensusCD products. Pricing for data compression varies according to the size and type of data to be compressed. Please contact us for further information and pricing.
Normalizing Data - Weighing data from one time period to another
Our product Neighborhood Change Database uses tract level data and normalizes a subset of 1970-1980-1990 data to the 2000 boundaries. We also have created the CensusCD 1990 Long Form in 2000 Boundaries, which gives you access to all of the 1990 Long Form data in all of the 2000 Long Form boundaries.
We can supply you with normalized data from our data sets. If your methodology does not conform to either product listed above, we can custom tailor the variables you want to the geographic boundaries that meet your specific needs. In developing the weighting tables for these two products, we also developed the ability to weight a file in the opposite direction. Whereby you can take a file of 2000 data and geographies and weigh it back to the earlier boundaries. We can also weight data from 1970 or 1980 to the 2000 tract boundaries for variables that were not included in the NCDB. So for example, if you want age breakouts and they are not in the NCDB we can do that as a custom weighting report.
We can normalize your existing data. Sometimes you will already have a dataset that has either census boundary definitions or addresses that need to be updated to the 2000 definitions. We can take your dataset and normalize it using our weighting tables and return to you the new, normalized data based on the new geographic boundary definitions.
Weighting analysis projects begin at $1,000. It may cost more if multiple time periods are involved or if the geographic level is not one for which we have already generated the weighting table.
Methodology for Area Correspondence
This procedure can be done with the purchase of our CensusCD 2000 Short Form Blocks or Redistricting Blocks. As a warning, however, it is very time consuming and difficult to manipulate a data set of 8.2 million Blocks and should not be entered into lightly.


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Only a few out of state and private schools require general education certification. Check with the institution to see if IGETC or CSU certification is required. A certified IGETC or CSU transcript is the澳门申博网站 last transcript you will request from Cabrillo prior to transfer. Before submitting a request for general education certification, you should consult with a Cabrillo College counselor to verify that you have completed all the requirements.
Log into Web Advisor, and select Order Official Transcripts. During the order process you may select either a CSU Certification or an IGETC certification. CAUTION: Do not request a GE Certified transcript unless you have met with a counselor to verify that you are eligible. Certifications are sent directly to the Institution - usually after you have accepted an offer of admission from a particular university. Visit the Transcripts page for more information about ordering transcripts.
It is your responsibility to request general education certification in your last semester of attendance at Cabrillo College prior to transfer. The transcript will be sent directly to the university following completion of all your courses. Please make sure Cabrillo Admissions & Records has received ALL official transcripts from all colleges and/or universities attended, AP or IB scores and high school transcripts needed to fulfill certification requirements. 澳门申博网站If you are unsure, please contact Admissions & Records at 831-479-6100.
when cabrillo certifies your igetc or csu general ed, we are verifying to the university that you have completed all your lower-division general education requirements. without the certification you may have to complete additional lower-division general education requirements specific to your transfer university.


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Excellent customer service. Really detailed easy to understand product descriptions on the Trekitt website, and gear reviews on the Trekitt YouTube channel made it so easy to choose the right backpack for me.
Emily - May 2020
Amazing service! Very helpful in regards sizing and what most matched my needs, despite this being done over the internet. YouTube videos of products being examined are very useful also. Would definitely use again, very fast and efficient delivery. Brilliant! Highly recommended!
David R - April 2020
Highly recommend. I usually go to the shop in Hereford as staff are alwasy very helpful and knowledgeable. So this was the first time I have purchased online and the service was just as good as the shop.
Grizzy - April 2020
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CLEVELAND - Cavaliers centre Anderson Varejao will miss the rest of the season after developing a blood clot in his lower right lung.
Varejao, who underwent surgery on a torn leg muscle on Jan. 10, remains hospitalized at The Cleveland Clinic. The Cavs said he was admitted last Thursday and will likely remain there for several more days as he receives treatment. Varejao is expected to make a full recovery but he will remain on blood thinning medication for at least three months, the team said Monday.
Losing the 6-foot-11 Varejao is a crushing blow to the young Cavs, who are just 10-32.
Varejao was leading the NBA in rebounding and having an All-Star season before he injured his leg on Dec. 18 against Toronto. The team initially thought the injury was just a bruise and expected Varejao to make a quick recovery. However, tests revealed a split in his quadriceps muscle which required an operation. Varejao was expected to be out eight weeks before he developed the blood clot.
"Clearly our players' health is our top concern and we are disappointed for Anderson, and his family," Cavs general manager Chris Grant said in a release. "We know what a competitor he is and how much he wants to be on the court helping his teammates. In the meantime, he has our full support and we look forward to welcoming him back as he recovers."
This is the third straight season Varejao has missed extended time with injuries. He sat out 41 games last season with a broken wrist and was sidelined for 51 games in the previous season after tearing a tendon in his ankle while running after practice.
Varejao averaged 14.4 rebounds and 14.1 points in 25 games before getting injured.
Cleveland, which just completed a 1-4 road trip, hosts Boston on Tuesday. The Cavs will play 10 of their next 12 games at home.


text: P5 Ai Proactive Series - Intel 915P chipset - Intel LGA775 Pentium 4 CPU- Dual-Channel DDR&DDR2- PCI Express Architecture- High Definition Audio- Stack Cool™- AI NOS™- AI NET2 Shop Modal header CPU Chipset PCI-E x 1 PCI-E x 16 LAN 1394 DDR DDR2 P4 LGA775 915P 2 1 Gb 2 400(Dual Channel) 533(Dual channel) 64bit CPU support 64-bit computing, the next generation technology to replace current 32-bit architecture, delivers advanced system performance, faster memory access and increased productivity. This motherboard provides excellent compatibility and flexibility by supporting either 64-bit or 32-bit architecture. DDR2 600 Native SupportAlthough Intel's 925X, 915P and 915G chipsets claimed to only support DDR2 400/533, ASUS engineers successfully unleashed their true potential. This model offers native DDR2 600, eliminating the bottleneck when overclocking both the CPU and memory. With current processors supporting 800MHz FSB, ASUS motherboards, the only solutions with native DDR2 600, will provide superior performance for the most demanding applications. FSB/MEM (freq.) ASUS Other brands 800/600 (Native) V Hyper Path2 - Shorten Memory LatencyThe innovative ASUS Hyper Path2 significantly shortens the latency time between the CPU and memory and improves memory performance without sacrificing stability. Support Both DDR and DDR2 for Superior Memory FlexibilityThe P5GDC Deluxe supports the latest DDR2 as well as the current DDR1, offering flexibility for users who need different memory performance and future upgrade option. And of course, the P4GDC Deluxe leveraged AI Proactive features, unique innovations on ASUS motherboards, that cools down system temperature by 10oC without an extra fan, and dynamically overclocks the system according to CPU loading. Intel EM64T Intel EM64T (Intel Extended Memory 64 Technology) allows processors to run newly written 64-bit code and to access larger amounts of memory, which delivers exceptional graphic performance and higher data processing speed. Digital media applications can take advantage of Intel EM64T in high quality video and audio processing as well as 3D rendering. Intel EIST Intel EIST (Enhanced Intel SpeedStep technology) automatically adjusts Intel 64-bit processor voltage and core frequency according to system performance demand, establishing a self-managed, lower-power consumption, less heat and quieter environment. Combined Intel EIST and ASUS Q-fan technology (adjusts fan speeds according to system loading), this motherboard provides excellently quiet, cool and efficient platform for Intel lovers. Intel 915P chipset The Intel 915P chipset supports the latest PC technologies such as LGA775 Pentium 4 CPU, dual-channel DDR2&DDR memory architecture, and PCI Express x16 graphics card interface. The ICH6R Southbridge further provides integrated 4-port SATA RAID controller, PCI Express x1 interfaces and 8 high-speed USB 2.0 ports. Intel LGA775 Pentium 4 CPUThis motherboard supports the latest Pentium 4 CPU from Intel in LGA775 package. With 800MHz FSB, 1 MB L2 cache, Hyper-Threading Technology and core-speeds up to 3.6GHz and beyond, Intel's LGA775 Pentium 4 is one of the fastest desktop processors to date."Attention!! CPU Installation" Dual-Channel DDR&DDR2This motherboard supports 4 DDR and 2 DDR2 DIMM slots to provide ultimate flexibility for system upgrade. The dual-channel architecture allows the widest memory bus bandwidth of 6.4 GB/s for DDR, or 8.6GB/s for DDR2. PCI Express ArchitecturePCI Express is the latest I/O interconnect technology that will replace the existing PCI. With a bus bandwidth 4 times higher than that of AGP 8X interface, PCI Express x16 bus performs much better than AGP 8X in applications such as 3D gaming. PCI Express x1 also outperforms PCI interface with its exceptional high bandwidth up to 500MB/s. The high speed PCI Express interface creates new usages on desktop PCs e.g., Gigabit LAN, 1394b, and high-speed RAID systems. AI Proactive Stack CoolCooler Overclocking and Quieter Operation!Heat causes instability and shortens system lifecycle, and motherboard power circuitry is a major thermal source. The patented Stack Cool?technology utilizes a mini PCB stacked against the main PCB to conduct heat away from power components, resulting in a 10?Celsius reduction. And voila! Cooler overclocking, quieter fan operation, greater stability and longer system life without you doing a thing. AI NOS?Boost performance when you need it the most!Applications such as 3D games and video editing demand a huge chunk of system resource. Inject "nitrous oxide" into your CPU! The patented AI NOS?(Non-delay Overclocking System) technology intelligently detects system load and automatically boosts performance for the most demanding tasks. Unlike other dynamic overclocking techniques, AI NOS?reacts much faster to satisfy your unending need for speeds. AI NET2 Diagnose LAN connection before entering OS!Network problems are often caused by bad cable connection. AI NET2 remotely detects cable connection the second you turn on the system, and any faulty connections are reported back up to 100 meters at 1 meter accuracy. High Definition Audio Enjoy high-end sound system on your PC! The onboard 8-channel HD audio (High Definition Audio, previously codenamed Azalia) CODEC enables high-quality 192KHz/24-bit audio output, jack-sensing feature, retasking functions and multi-streaming technology that simultaneously sends different audio streams to different destinations. You can now talk to your partners on the headphone while playing a multi-channel network games. All of these are done on one computer. The Dolby Digital Live technology from Dolby Lab encodes the multi-channel audio source into AC-3 bit-stream and outputs it to S/PDIF port in real time. Serial ATA & IDE RAIDThe onboard ITE 8212F RAID controllers and the Intel ICH6R southbridge provide the complete solution to your RAID requirements on different storage standards. The Intel ICH6R supports RAID 0, 1 and Intel Matrix RAID Technology on 4 Serial ATA ports. For IDE hard disk drives, the ITE 8212F controller provides RAID 0, 1 , 0+1 functionality for two ATA133 channels. ASUS Q-Fan2ASUS Q-Fan2 technology intelligently adjusts both CPU fan and chassis fan speeds according to system loading to ensure quiet, cool and efficient operation. S/PDIF-out on Back I/O PortThis motherboard provides convenient connectivity to external home theater audio systems via an optical or coaxial S/PDIF-out (SONY-PHILIPS Digital Interface) jack. It allows to transfer digital audio without converting to analog format and keeps the best signal quality. Max. 8 USB 2.0 ports supportsUSB 2.0 is the latest connectivity standard for next generation components and peripherals. Backwards compatible with current USB 1.1 peripherals, USB 2.0 delivers transfer speeds up to 40 times faster at 480Mb/s, for easy connectivity and ultra-fast data transfers. ASUS CrashFree BIOS2The CrashFree BIOS2 feature now includes the BIOS auto-recovery function in a support CD. Users can reboot their system through the support CD when a bootable disk is not available, and go through the simple BIOS auto-recovery process. ASUS motherboards now enable users to enjoy this protection feature without the need to pay for an optional ROM. WinDVD Suite (On Retail Version Only)ASUS motherboards, intensifying leadership in the IT industry, now bundle the versatile InterVideo WinDVD Suite. This multifaceted software set includes the latest multimedia software(OEM version), bringing forth the multimedia features of ASUS motherboards to the best!


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Document Actions
Wayne W. Harding, Ph.D.
Associate Professor - Medicinal Chemistry
Contact Information
office 1307A HN (tel 212-772-5359), lab 1405/1406 HN, dept fax 212-772-5332, email email@example.com
BSc. University of the West Indies (Mona), Ph.D. University of the West Indies (Mona), Postdoc University of Iowa
Research Summary
Design, Synthesis and Evaluation of Central Nervous System (CNS) Receptor Ligands: Selective ligands are needed to function as chemical probes in order to obtain a clearer picture of the role that various CNS receptors play in neuropsychiatric disorders and drug abuse. Furthermore, given the complex etiology of CNS disorders, compounds that target more than one receptor are useful leads for therapeutic development. Our group is actively engaged in projects aimed at identifying and developing novel molecules as useful CNS receptor ligands and their evaluation as potential therapeutics. We employ a range of techniques including in silico design strategies, organic synthesis and structure-activity relationship studies for iterative ligand optimization.
Psychoactive Natural Products: We are investigating plants or plant products that are reputed to possess psychoactive (eg. sedative, anxiolytic, stimulant) properties. Through traditional natural products isolation and spectroscopic identification techniques as well as in vitro and in vivo biological evaluations, our goal is to chemically and pharmacologically characterize novel psychoactive natural products. Such molecules and their semi-synthetic derivatives will be useful as receptor-selective pharmacological probes or as potential lead compounds for future drug development.
Selected Publications
Aporphinoid Antagonists of 5-HT2A Receptors: Further Evaluation of Ring A Substituents and the Size of Ring C. S. Ponnala, N. Kapadia, H. A. Navarro, W. W. Harding. Chem Biol Drug Des. 2014, Apr 25. doi: 10.1111/cbdd.12345.
Evaluation of structural effects on 5-HT(2A) receptor antagonism by aporphines: identification of a new aporphine with 5-HT(2A) antagonist activity. S. Ponnala, J. Gonzales, N. Kapadia, H. A. Navarro, W. W. Harding. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2014, 24, 1664-7.
Facile synthesis of 4,5,6a,7-tetrahydrodibenzo[de,g]chromene heterocycles and their transformation to phenanthrene alkaloids. N. Kapadia, W. W. Harding Tetrahedron 2013, 69, 8914-8920
A New Route to Azafluoranthene Natural Products via Direct Arylation. S. Ponnala, W. W. Harding European J Org Chem. 2013, 3013, 1107-1115
Leonurenones A-C: Labdane diterpenes from Leonotis leonurus F. He, C. Lindqvist, W. W. Harding Phytochemistry. 2012, 83, 168-72
New aporphinoid 5-HT2A and α1A antagonists via structural manipulations of nantenine S. Chaudhary, S. Ponnala, O. Legendre, J. A. Gonzales, H. A. Navarro, W. W. Harding Bioorg Med Chem. 2011, 19, 5861-8
Cytotoxicity of aporphines in human colon cancer cell lines HCT-116 and Caco-2: an SAR study S. Ponnala, S, Chaudhary, A. González-Sarrias, N. P. Seeram, W. W. Harding Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2011, 21, 4462-4.
Synthesis of C-Homoaporphines via Microwave-Assisted Direct Arylation S. Chaudhary, W. W. Harding Tetrahedron 2011, 67, 569-575.
Nantenine as an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor: SAR, enzyme kinetics and molecular modeling investigations S. Pecic, M. A. McAnuff, W. W. Harding J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem. 2011, 26, 46-55.
Affinity of aporphines for the human 5-HT2A receptor: insights from homology modeling and molecular docking studies S. Pecic, P. Makkar, S. Chaudhary, B. V. Reddy, H. A. Navarro, W. W. Harding Bioorg Med Chem. 2010, 18, 5562-75
Microwave-assisted direct biaryl coupling: first application to the synthesis of aporphines. S. Chaudhary, O. LeGendre, S. Pecic and W.W. Harding Tetrahedron Letters 2009, 50, 2437-2439.
( ±)-Nantenine analogs as antagonists at human 5-HT2A receptors: C1 and flexible congeners. S. Chaudhary, O. LeGendre, S. Pecic and W.W. Harding. Biorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters 2009, 19, 2530-2532
Synthetic studies of neoclerodane diterpenes from Salvia divinorum: selective modification of the furan ring. W.W. Harding, M. Schmidt, K. Tidgewell, P. Kannan, K. G. Holden, C. M. Dersch, R. B. Rothman, T. E. Prisinzano. Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters 2006, 16, 3170-3174.
Enantioselective synthesis of (2R,3R) and (2S,3S)-2-[(3-chloro-phenyl)-(2-methoxy-phenoxy)-methyl]-morpholine. W.W. Harding, M. Hodge, D. Parrish, J. R. Deschamps, W. Woolverton and T. E. Prisinzano Tetrahedron:Asymmetry 2005, 16, 2249-2256.
Neoclerodane Diterpenes as a novel Scaffold for µ opioid receptor ligands. W.W. Harding, K. Tidgewell, N. Byrd, H. Cobb, C. M. Dersch, E. R. Butelman, R. B. Rothman and T. E. Prisinzano. J. Med. Chem. 2005. 48, 4765-4771.
Salvinicins A and B, new neoclerodane diterpenes from Salvia divinorum. W.W. Harding, K. Tidgewell, M. Schmidt, K. Shah, D. Parrish, J. R. Deschamps, J. Snyder, C. Dersch, R. B. Rothman and T. E. Prisinzano. Organic Letters, 2005, 7, 3017-3020.
Pharmacokinetics of the plant-derived hallucinogen salvinorin A in non-human primates. T.E. Prisinzano, E. R. Butelman, M. S.. Schmidt, W. W. Harding, K. Tidgewell, M. J. Kreek, D. J. Murry Synapse 2005, 58, 208-210.
Determination of Salvinorin A in body fluids by high performance liquid-chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization. M. S. Schimdt, T. E. Prisinzano, K. Tidgewell, W. Harding, E. R. Butelman, M. J. Kreek and D. J. Murry. Journal of Chromatography B 2005, 818, 221-225.
A facile method for the preparation of deuterium labeled salvinorin A: synthesis of [2,2,2-2H3]-salvinorin A. K. Tidgwell, W. W. Harding, M. Schmidt, K. G. Holden, D.J. Murry and T. E. Prisinzano. Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters 2004, 5099-5102.


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Home > NRC Library > Document Collections > NRC Regulations (10 CFR) > Part Index > § 35.19 Specific exemptions.
§ 35.19 Specific exemptions
The Commission may, upon application of any interested person or upon its own initiative, grant exemptions from the regulations in this part that it determines are authorized by law and will not endanger life or property or the common defense and security and are otherwise in the public interest.
Page Last Reviewed/Updated Tuesday, August 29, 2017


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Bell to offer all Vancouver Whitecaps FC matches live on Bell Mobile TV
Mar 09, 2012, 14:50 ET
- Access on superphones, smartphones and tablets gets Whitecaps FC fans closer to their favourite team than ever before
- Includes the 2012 MLS season kickoff as Montreal Impact meets Whitecaps FC tomorrow on Bell Pitch at BC Place
VANCOUVER, March 9, 2012 /CNW Telbec/ - Bell and Vancouver Whitecaps FC today announced that all 2012 Whitecaps FC matches will be offered live on Bell Mobile TV. Available on superphones, smartphones and tablets, Whitecaps FC on Bell Mobile TV means fans never need to miss a moment of action when at home or on the go.
"As Premier Founding Partner, Bell is proud to offer Vancouver Whitecaps FC fans access to their favourite team on our innovative and industry-leading Bell Mobile TV service," said Wade Oosterman, President of Bell Mobility and Bell Residential Services, and Bell's Chief Brand Officer. "With every minute of every exciting match delivered live to our fans on the screens of their choice, Bell just made being a Whitecaps FC fan even better."
"We promised Whitecaps FC fans that we would provide a unique experience to let them share the passion of Major League Soccer," said Rachel Lewis, Chief Operating Officer, Vancouver Whitecaps FC. "Again, thanks to our partner Bell, we're continuing to deliver on that promise across multiple screens."
In addition to all Whitecaps FC MLS matches, fans can also access a wide range of other MLS soccer games and events on TSN. TSN and RDS are the official broadcasters of Major League Soccer in Canada with a national broadcast package that includes 36 games featuring Montreal Impact, Toronto FC and Vancouver Whitecaps FC.
TSN Mobile TV also offers live coverage of 22 games featuring U.S.-based teams and exclusive Canadian coverage of the MLS CUP Playoffs, the MLS CUP 2012 and the MLS ALL-STAR GAME.
The 2012 MLS season kicks off tomorrow on TSN and RDS with the MLS debut of the Montreal Impact, who travel to Bell Pitch at BC Place for the Vancouver Whitecaps FC's season opener on Saturday, March 10 at 3 p.m. PT / 6 p.m. ET.
Delivering the best live sports, including NCAA March Madness basketball, major league hockey, football and soccer, plus more than 25 other live channels, Bell Mobile TV is available for an all-inclusive $5 for 5 hours of TV viewing.
For more information, please visit Bell.ca/MobileTV.
About Bell
Bell is Canada's largest communications company, providing consumers and business with solutions to all their communications needs: Bell Mobility wireless, high-speed Bell Internet, Bell Satellite TV and Bell Fibe TV, Bell Home Phone local and long distance, and Bell Business Markets IP-broadband and information and communications technology (ICT) services. Bell Media is Canada's premier multimedia company with leading assets in television, radio and digital media, including CTV, Canada's #1 television network, and the country's most-watched specialty channels.
The Bell Mental Health Initiative is a multi-year charitable program that promotes mental health across Canada via the Bell Let's Talk anti-stigma campaign and support for community care, research and workplace best practices. To learn more, please visit Bell.ca/LetsTalk.
Bell is wholly owned by BCE Inc. (TSX, NYSE: BCE). For Bell product and service information, please visit Bell.ca. For Bell Media, please visit BellMedia.ca. For BCE corporate information, please visit BCE.ca.
Image with caption: "Bell will offer all Vancouver Whitecaps FC games live on Bell Mobile TV (CNW Group/BELL CANADA)". Image available at: http://photos.newswire.ca/images/download/20120309_C3177_PHOTO_EN_10989.jpg
For further information:
Jason Laszlo
Bell Media Relations
[email protected]
Jenna Visram
Vancouver Whitecaps FC
[email protected]


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Beat the Streak Report: April 4
What has one big picture of Ian Kinsler and a three-game hitting streak?
This blog!
That's right, Streakers: thanks to Shin-Soo Choo, Andre Ethier and Hanley Ramirez, the BTS Report aced the weekend. For the first time in 2011, we are officially en fuego.
Don't believe us? Check. Tha. Archive. Served!
Surely, all of you followed our roadmap to the three-game promised land, right?. Oh, you picked Albert "0-for-4" Pujols yesterday? That worked out well. It's a dangerous jungle out there, people. Maybe stick with the guided tour next time.
Anyway, enough living in the past.
On the first Monday of the season, it's time to seperate the lobsters from the crawfish. There are only six games scheduled, so you'll have to deviate from the standard Mauer–Braun–Hamilton rotation for once.
JK! They're all on the slate, along with Pujols and Ichiro. The lobsters and the crawfish will continue to swim in harmony until Thursday.
Expect our streak to reach at least six games by then.
Monday's picks
Oh, hello there …
• Lance Berkman: .833 AVG (5-for-6) lifetime vs. Pirates starter Charlie Morton
• Jose Tabata: .714 AVG (5-for-7) lifetime vs. Cardinals starter Kyle Lohse
• Mark Teixeira: .500 AVG (6-for-12) lifetime vs. Twins starter Scott Baker
• Ian Kinsler: .350 AVG (7-for-20) lifetime vs. Mariners starter Erik Bedard
Feeling kinda spicy?
• Skip Schumaker: .500 AVG (6-for-12) lifetime vs. Pirates starter Charlie Morton
You'll thank me later …
• Kelly Johnson: .000 AVG (0-for-6) lifetime vs. Cubs starter Randy Wells
• Alex Rodriguez: .182 AVG (2-for-11) lifetime vs. Twins starter Scott Baker
• Michael Young: .211 AVG (4-for-19) lifetime vs. Mariners starter Erik Bedard
Leaderboard time!
Did you hear that the BTS Report has a three-game hit streak going? If not, read the previous sentence again without the question mark or the "Did you hear that" part.
A few of you out there in Streakland (Population: cool kids) are 4-for-4, but let's be honest: you're going to need to keep the flame burning for about another fortnight before getting mentioned by name in this space.
Top MLB streakers
• Matt Kemp: 4 games
• Howard Kendrick: 4 games
• Buster Posey: 4 games
• Freddy Sanchez: 4 games
14 Comments
Hopefully, the following comes out ok. Liked last years blog where you had a preview of what the post would look like. Anyway…
Some career stats vs. starters, just for the fun of it…
Plate appearances, AVG, BB%, SO%
Miguel Cabrera
vs Lefty: 1465, 329, 13%, 17%
vs Right: 3638, 308, 09%, 18%
Month AVG = Apr/Mar:330 May:327, Jun:303 Jul:343 Aug:294 Sep+:291
Ichiro Suzuki
vs Lefty: 2146, 342, 05%, 09%
vs Right: 5207, 327, 06%, 09%
Month AVG = Apr/Mar:300 May:363, Jun:344 Jul:325 Aug:326 Sep+:324
Troy Tulowitski
vs Lefty: 0735, 312, 16%, 17%
vs Right: 1643, 279, 09%, 16%
Month AVG – Apr/Mar:219 May:288 Jun:281 Jul:312 Aug:319 Sep+:305
For the BB & SO percentages, compare them to the all time leaders
Walks leader: Barry Bonds had 20% chance of walking each AB
Wiffs leader: Reggie Jackson had a 23% chance of striking out each AB
Crunching data may help with deciding who to pick. One may want to avoid hitters with high potential of walking or striking out because that's one less quality AB towards your streak. The stats above were retrieved from baseball-reference.com should you wish to delve into stats
Side notes and interpretation. If you add the SO% to the BB%, you may find that the totals are greater than 25% or even greater than 33%. What does this mean? It could mean that if the player gets 4 ABs, likelihood is that one of those ABs will be a SO or BB, effectively reducing ABs to just 3 for our streak purposes.
Looking over the past 4 days… BB/SO totals per game
M.Cabrerra 1/1, 1/0, 0/1
Ichiro 1/0, 0/0, 1/0
Tulo 1/2, 1/0
Yay. Prado gets me back on the board. GL to all tonight.
Earliest no selections are on page 4, going back to 0.
I'm going with Mark Teixeira for 5.
Hey LaV
Can you resend the 2500 program to me please. norton 360 just deleted off my memory stick when i tried to open it.
If you dont have my email anymore check your gmail, i sent you an email the other day.
I went with Alex Rodriguez of the Yankees.
I was tempted to go with Starlin Castro but when a pick tends to be perfect, it generally fails, and I am glad I recognized that since he just went 0 for 3.
@Champ88. Yep, trial and error this 1st week for me too. Castro sets me back & looking to get a modest 5-7 gamer going here in a day or two or three 😉
2-Run HR in the 1st brings me to 2!
For myself, hoping to hit double digits this month or next month at latest. Only hit double digits 2x last year: 20 gamer in mid-July and 13-gamer in mid-September. Had 6-9 gamers 9x. Would be nice to string those together. Baby steps…
@Champ88. I'm closing in on you, only 2 games behind you at the moment 🙂
Hey Lav I went with Castro today too so I am back at 0. It does seem that just getting to 10 is hard, how someone is supposed to do that 5 times in a row plus seven more days is beyond me, haha, but it makes it fun. I only had two double digit streaks last year also, I had a 12 or 13 and and then a 22 gamer towards the end. It was fun while it lasted. Gonna go with Castro again tomorrow even though he went hit-less today. Hoping to get back to uno!
@bballgirlie. As of this post, still have 1 more ABs for the following: Pujols, Berkman, Tabata & Kinsler. All are 0-fer and if they remain that way, a mass killing today of enormous proportions! We won't be the only disappointed ones, that's for sure.
@lav- true story, today was not a good day to have to pick someone. I don't like when there is only 6 games to choose from, makes it very hard. Hopefully we get back on the board tomorrow, GL!
^^ maybe a bit of an overstatement. But looking to be a 30+ percent wipeout if the Pujols & Kinsler are included in the 0-fers. Tabata just squibbed a bleeder to third on last AB to extend some streaks.


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…This Blog
Little House By The Ferry represents the convergence of some of my favourite things – writing, Bahamian history, Green Turtle Cay, and Fish Hooks, my ancestral home. Through this blog, I look forward to sharing our Green Turtle Cay adventures and documenting the restoration of our little house by the ferry.
Please note that I do not receive any form of compensation from the individuals or organizations I write about. Unless otherwise noted, I own the rights to all text and images posted on this blog.
…Green Turtle Cay
Founded in 1786 by Revolutionary War Loyalists, and named for the green turtles that once were plentiful in its waters, Green Turtle Cay lies three miles east of Great Abaco, Bahamas, and 170 miles east of Palm Beach, Florida.
Perched on the southwestern end of the island is New Plymouth, a quiet settlement with narrow streets and tidy rows of pastel-painted clapboard houses. Though Green Turtle Cay once boasted a population of close to 2,000, today only about 500 locals – most working in tourism or fisheries – call the island home.
To learn more about travelling to Green Turtle Cay, see Green Turtle Cay 101.
…Fish Hooks
Fish Hooks is an 80-yr-old cottage on the New Plymouth waterfront in Green Turtle Cay. It was built by my great-grandparents Herman and May Curry after a 1932 hurricane leveled their home and most of the buildings on the island. After my great-grandmother's death in 1984, the house sat empty for years. My husband Tom and I purchased the cottage in 2012 and are in the process of restoring it. To learn more about the restoration project, see The Story of Fish Hooks Cottage.
I'm Amanda Diedrick, author of Those Who Stayed: The Tale of the Hardy Few Who Built Green Turtle Cay. A writer for more than 20 years, my articles and photographs have appeared in Abaco Life, the Abaconian and the Nassau Tribune.
I'm a ninth-generation Bahamian who counts Loyalists Wyannie Malone, Nathan Key and pirate Matthew Lowe among my ancestors. When not at Fish Hooks, I can be found in Los Angeles, with my husband, Tom Walters and dog, Wrigley.
To read my full bio, click HERE.


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Light Box Fun
Now that the holidays are over, the long winter days can seem dreary and dull as we wait for spring flowers to bloom. Brighten your Little Pnuts day with play by creating a light box from a few items you probably have on hand!
What You Will Need
- A large, clear plastic container with lid
- Liner for the body of the container- a black garbage bag, black construction paper, or foil work well
- Parchment paper
- White Christmas lights- a strand or two will do, depending on the size of your container
Making the Light Box
First, line the body of the container with your material of choice. We used a black garbage bag – no taping required! Next, arrange your Christmas lights so they are distributed evenly throughout the container. Be sure to leave the plug near one end so you can find it easily. Now, take your lid, flip it over, and line the inside with a single layer of parchment paper to diffuse the light from within. Tape the edges down, flip it back over, and place it on top of your container. Before locking your edges down, find your plug and pull it out enough to plug into the wall. You can cut a hole in the side of the container for the plug if desired, but we didn't need to. After that, all that remains is to plug it in and enjoy the soft glow from within the light box!
Light Box Play
There are many great ways to play with your light box with Little Pnuts of all ages! There are commercially available geometric shapes for light box play, or you can make your own by cutting up inexpensive translucent dividers. Water beads in clear containers look beautiful when placed on top of a light box (pictured)! Another fun idea – fill plastic baggies with colored hair gel or glitter glue, place flat on top of the light box, and let your Little Pnuts practice drawing shapes or writing letters in the gel with their fingers. Drawing in translucent containers filled with a shallow layer of salt is another engaging pre-writing activity for Little Pnuts that is extra-exciting on the light table. Manipulatives such as marbles, translucent gems, or sparkly pom-poms are fun for fine motor or counting activities. Older Little Pnuts may enjoy using the light box for tracing activities. A quick internet or Pinterest search for light box activities will yield many more ideas.
*Please keep in mind that children should always be supervised when playing near an electrical outlet or plug. DIY light boxes may become hot after extended periods of play, so be sure to monitor the temperature of the box periodically.
Developmental Milestones:
This activities focuses on the following Developmental Milestones for your Little Pnuts:
Fine Motor Skill Development, Hand/Eye Coordination, Focus & Concentration, Imaginative Play, Creativity, Sensory Exploration, Cognitive and Language Development
—Stephanie Haass, Little Pnuts Early Childhood Activities Expert & Blogger, www.two-daloo.com


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Phoenix Public Library offers free public access to the Internet for educational and informational purposes. The Library has no control over information available through the Internet and cannot be held responsible for its content.
Internet access is available on Reserved PCs and Express Workstations. Library customers may use a Reserved PC for up to a 1-hour session per day at any Library branch location and up to a 2-hour session per day at Burton Barr Central Library.
You will need a valid library card in order to use an Internet-accessible computer in the Children's, Teen or main areas of the library. You will also need a valid library card in order to use an Express PC.
You do not need a library card to use a Catalog PC.
Learn more about computer access and pricing.
You will need a library account password to use public Internet computers and self-check machines at the Library. Learn more.
Phoenix Public Library computers are located in public areas shared by people of all ages and backgrounds. Library customers must be considerate and respectful of one another, and especially mindful of children in the area, particularly when accessing information or images others may find offensive.
In order to use an Internet-accessible computer, customers must accept the terms described in the Library's "Computer and Internet Use Agreement." Failure to comply with this agreement may result in the loss of Library privileges, up to and including permanent trespass from all Library locations.
The Library uses filtering technology on all computers with Internet access. If a customer wishes to access a site that is blocked, the customer may request Library staff to unblock the site. If a customer believes that a site has been blocked incorrectly, the customer may request a reclassification of the website.
Library customer information is kept confidential in compliance with Phoenix Public Library's E-Privacy Policy and Arizona law.
The Library complies with the federal Children's Internet Protection Act (CIPA)
Learn more about preventing Internet Crime.
Print any document or web page virtually from your Internet-connected device to a printer at your neighborhood Phoenix Public Library.
Free Wireless Internet is available for your laptop, PDA or other wireless device. Hot spots are currently available at all Phoenix Public Library locations.
Users must have an 802.11 b/g wireless network interface card installed and configured in their laptop, PDA or other wireless device in order to access the wireless public Internet.
The free service is provided as a convenience. You use is at your own risk. Wireless transmissions may present a data security risk, and we advise against using the wireless public Internet to conduct personal or business transactions, such as banking, where sensitive account information and other personal data could be compromised.
When using the wireless public Internet, you will need to provide your own power source. Electrical outlets are limited.
If you have trouble accessing the wireless public Internet because of configuration issues or technical problems with your wireless device, please see the troubleshooting tips or contact your device's technical team support for assistance. City employees are not allowed to provide computer assistance for personal equipment.
How to Connect to the Wireless Internet:
NOTE: You must complete steps two through four even if using a VPN.
If you have trouble accessing the wireless public Internet, please review the following solutions.
NOTE: Write down any existing settings before altering them.
For Windows 98To release an IP address and allow the network to assign a new IP address, complete the following steps: From the desktop, click the "Start" button and select "Run." Type "winipcfg" in the field and click "OK." If PPP Adapter is listed, click on the down arrow at the end of the field and select your wireless network card. This name will depend on the brand of network card you purchased. Once your wireless device appears in the field, click the "Release" button. Click the "Renew" button.
For Windows 2000 and XPClick the Start button and select Run. Type "command" in the text box and click "OK." At the DOS prompt, type "ipconfig/all" and press Enter. At the DOS prompt type "ipconfig/release" and press Enter. At the DOS prompt type "ipconfig/renew" and press Enter.
For Windows VistaClick the "Start" button. Type "command prompt" in the Start Search text box, and press Enter. Under Programs, right-click Command Prompt and select Run as Administrator. At the DOS prompt, type "ipconfig/release" and press Enter. Type "ipconfig/renew" and press Enter.


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I love latkes! Traditional potato latkes are a widely loved staple of the yearly Hanukkah feast. And what's not to love about crispy, fried, grated potato patties topped with sour cream or applesauce?
Still, wonderful as they are, latkes are not light. So Sara Moulton for the Associated Press devised this recipe in the hope that all of us might enjoy our latkes and live to tell about it. Her re-design employs both sweet potatoes and the more traditional white potatoes, significantly reducing the amount of oil required to cook the latkes. She also substitutes Greek yogurt for sour cream. However, it is holiday time, so I say go for the real thing.
They are finished off in a 350-degree oven because the recipe's sweet potatoes, with their high sugar content, turn the latkes too dark if left on the stove for more than a few minutes.
What gives this recipe its Southwestern flavor? The combination of sweet potato and the chipotle in the yogurt topping.
And Hanukkah aside, these Southwestern latkes would be a great little side dish any time of the year.
Start to finish: 50 minutes (20 minutes active)
Servings: 6 (makes 12 latkes)
1 pound sweet potatoes, peeled, coarsely grated and squeezed of excess moisture
3/4 pound Yukon gold potatoes, peeled, coarsely grated and squeezed of excess moisture
2/3 cup finely chopped scallions (white and green parts)
2 large eggs, lightly beaten
1/4 cup all-purpose flour
Kosher salt
6 tablespoons vegetable oil, divided
1 cup nonfat plain Greek yogurt
1 to 2 teaspoons minced chipotle pepper in adobo sauce, or to taste
Pinch of sugar
Fresh cilantro, to garnish
Heat the oven to 350 degrees.
In a medium bowl combine the sweet potatoes, Yukon gold potatoes, scallions, eggs, flour and 1/2 teaspoon salt. Mix well.
In a large nonstick skillet over high, heat 1 tablespoon of the vegetable oil. Reduce the heat to medium and add 4 rounded 1/4-cup mounds of the potato mixture to the skillet, flattening each mound to a 3 1/2-inch circle.
Cook the latkes for 2 minutes, then turn them over and add another tablespoon of vegetable oil. Cook, turning them several times, until golden on both sides, about another 4 to 6 minutes total.
Transfer the latkes to a rimmed baking sheet. Repeat the process with the remaining potato mixture and oil.
When all of the latkes have been browned, bake them on the middle shelf of the oven for 5 minutes, or until they are cooked through and tender. Sprinkle them lightly with salt, if desired.
While the latkes are baking, in a small bowl combine the yogurt, chipotle, a pinch of salt and a pinch of sugar. Stir well.
To serve, arrange 2 latkes on each of 6 serving plates. Top each one with a dollop of chipotle yogurt and a fresh cilantro leaf.
Recipe courtesy of Associated Press
Cheesecake for Hanukkah
Everyone knows — or at least every Jew knows — the story of Hanukkah's origins, the story of how just a tiny amount of oil miraculously burned for eight days. And they know that, in the spirit of that story, Hanukkah is celebrated in part by eating foods fried in oil, such as latkes and doughnuts.
But, the Associated Press writes, in much of the world, Hanukkah also is celebrated by eating salty cheeses. And for that, there is another and equally fascinating — though in the U.S. lesser known — story.
The short version goes something like this: Around 2 B.C., a Jewish widow saved her people by ingratiating herself with an enemy general, plying him with salty cakes of cheese, then wine to quench the thirst it brought. When he fell into a drunken stupor, she lopped off his head with his own sword.
As a result, some Jews eat cheese to celebrate the holiday. What can be better than to have to eat cheesecake to celebrate! I definitely plan to give this a try.
Jews in Southern Europe gravitated toward the Hanukkah dairy tradition and often prepared a variation of savillum, a traditional Roman cheesecake made with ricotta, eggs, flour and honey.
Start to finish: 1 hour 15 minutes, including resting time
Servings: 6
6 fresh bay leaves
2 large eggs, beaten
1 teaspoon vanilla extract
Grated zest of 2 oranges, divided
1 1/2 cups whole milk ricotta cheese
1/2 cup all-purpose flour
1/3 cup honey (orange blossom if possible)
1 tablespoon poppy seeds
Heat the oven to 375 degrees. Line a baking sheet with parchment paper. Arrange the bay leaves in the center of the parchment in an 8-inch circular pattern.
In a medium bowl, beat together the eggs, vanilla and half of the orange zest. Beat in the ricotta, then the flour. The mixture should form a thick batter.
Scoop the batter onto the arranged bay leaves on the prepared baking sheet. Use a silicone spatula or the back of a spoon to spread the batter into an 8-inch circle over the bay leaves.
Bake for 20 to 25 minutes, or until golden and puffy.
Meanwhile, in a small saucepan over medium-low heat, combine the honey and remaining orange zest. Heat for several minutes until thin and warmed.
When the cake is done baking, use a wooden skewer to poke holes in the top of the cheesecake. Drizzle a third of the warmed honey over the cake, letting it soak into the surface.
Place a serving plate over the cake, then overturn so that the cake is on the plate.
Use the skewer to poke holes in the surface again, then drizzle the rest of the honey over the cake.
Let the cheesecake rest for at least 30 minutes to allow the honey to soak in.
Sprinkle with poppy seeds, then cut into 6 wedges and serve warm or at room temperature.
Recipe courtesy of Associated Press


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On This Page
Public Health Statement for DDT, DDE, and DDD
September 2002
This Public Health Statement is the summary chapter from the Toxicological Profile for DDT, DDE, and DDD. It is one in a series of Public Health Statements about hazardous substances and their health effects. A shorter version, the ToxFAQs™, is also available. This information is important because this substance may harm you. The effects of exposure to any hazardous substance depend on the dose, the duration, how you are exposed, personal traits and habits, and whether other chemicals are present. For more information, call the ATSDR Information Center at 1-888-422-8737.
This public health statement tells you about DDT, DDE, and DDD and the effects of exposure.
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) identifies the most serious hazardous waste sites in the nation. These sites make up the National Priorities List (NPL) and are the sites targeted for long-term federal cleanup activities. DDT, DDE, and DDD have been found in at least 442 of the 1,613 current or former NPL sites. However, the total number of NPL sites evaluated for these substances is not known. As more sites are evaluated, the sites at which DDT, DDE, and DDD are found may increase. This information is important because exposure to these substances may harm you and because these sites may be sources of exposure.
When a substance is released from a large area, such as an industrial plant, or from a container, such as a drum or bottle, it enters the environment. This release does not always lead to exposure. You are exposed to a substance only when you come in contact with it. You may be exposed by breathing, eating, or drinking the substance, or by skin contact.
If you are exposed to DDT, DDE, and DDD, many factors determine whether you'll be harmed. These factors include the dose (how much), the duration (how long), and how you come in contact with them. You must also consider the other chemicals you're exposed to and your age, sex, diet, family traits, lifestyle, and state of health.
While this document is specifically focused on the primary forms or isomers of DDT, DDE, and DDD (namely p,p'-DDT, p,p'-DDE, and p,p'-DDD), other isomers of these compounds will be discussed when appropriate. In some cases, the term DDT will be used to refer to the collection of all forms of DDT, DDE, and DDD. Should this not be clear from the context, the term ÓDDT (Ó is used to mean sum of) will be used.
1.1 What is DDT, DDE, and DDD?
DDT (1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane) is a pesticide that was once widely used to control insects on agricultural crops and insects that carry diseases like malaria and typhus, but is now used in only a few countries to control malaria. Technical-grade DDT is a mixture of three forms, p,p'-DDT (85%), o,p'-DDT (15%), and o,o'-DDT (trace amounts). All of these are white, crystalline, tasteless, and almost odorless solids. Technical grade DDT may also contain DDE (1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene) and DDD (1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane) as contaminants. DDD was also used to kill pests, but to a far lesser extent than DDT. One form of DDD (o,p'-DDD) has been used medically to treat cancer of the adrenal gland. Both DDE and DDD are breakdown products of DDT.
DDT does not occur naturally in the environment. After 1972, the use of DDT was no longer permitted in the United States except in cases of a public health emergency. It is, however, still used in some other areas of the world, most notably for controlling malaria. The use of DDD to kill pests has also been banned in the United States.
You will find further information on the physical properties and uses of DDT, DDE, and DDD in Chapters 4 and 5 of this profile.
1.2 What happens to DDT, DDE, and DDD when it enters the environment?
Before 1973 when it was banned, DDT entered the air, water, and soil during its production and use as an insecticide. DDT is present at many waste sites, including NPL sites; releases from these sites might continue to contaminate the environment. Most DDT in the environment is a result of past use; DDD was also used as a pesticide to a limited extent in the past. DDT still enters the environment because of its current use in other areas of the world. DDE is only found in the environment as a result of contamination or breakdown of DDT. DDD also enters the environment during the breakdown of DDT.
Large amounts of DDT were released into the air and on soil or water when it was sprayed on crops and forests to control insects. DDT was also sprayed in the environment to control mosquitos. Although the use of DDT is no longer permitted in the United States, DDT may be released into the atmosphere in other countries where it is still manufactured and used, including Mexico. DDT, DDE and DDD may also enter the air when they evaporate from contaminated water and soil. DDT, DDE, and DDD in the air will then be deposited on land or surface water. This cycle of evaporation and deposition may be repeated many times. As a result, DDT, DDE, and DDD can be carried long distances in the atmosphere. These chemicals have been found in bogs, snow, and animals in the Arctic and Antarctic regions, far from where they were ever used. Some DDT may have entered the soil from waste sites. DDT, DDE, and DDD may occur in the atmosphere as a vapor or be attached to solids in air. Vapor phase DDT, DDE, and DDD may break down in the atmosphere due to reactions caused by the sun. The half-life of these chemicals in the atmosphere as vapors (the time it takes for one-half of the chemical to turn into something else) has been calculated to be approximately 1.5-3 days. However, in reality, this half-life estimate is too short to account for the ability of DDT, DDE, and DDD to be carried long distances in the atmosphere.
DDT, DDE, and DDD last in the soil for a very long time, potentially for hundreds of years. Most DDT breaks down slowly into DDE and DDD, generally by the action of microorganisms. These chemicals may also evaporate into the air and be deposited in other places. They stick strongly to soil, and therefore generally remain in the surface layers of soil. Some soil particles with attached DDT, DDE, or DDD may get into rivers and lakes in runoff. Only a very small amount, if any, will seep into the ground and get into groundwater. The length of time that DDT will last in soil depends on many factors including temperature, type of soil, and whether the soil is wet. DDT lasts for a much shorter time in the tropics where the chemical evaporates faster and where microorganisms degrade it faster. DDT disappears faster when the soil is flooded or wet than when it is dry. DDT disappears faster when it initially enters the soil. Later on, evaporation slows down and some DDT moves into spaces in the soil that are so small that microorganisms cannot reach the DDT to break it down efficiently. In tropical areas, ÓDDT may disappear in much less than a year. In temperate areas, half of the ÓDDT initially present usually disappears in about 5 years. However, in some cases, half of the ÓDDT initially present will remain for 20, 30, or more years.
In surface water, DDT will bind to particles in the water, settle, and be deposited in the sediment. DDT is taken up by small organisms and fish in the water. It accumulates to high levels in fish and marine mammals (such as seals and whales), reaching levels many thousands of times higher than in water. In these animals, the highest levels of DDT are found in their adipose tissue. DDT in soil can also be absorbed by some plants and by the animals or people who eat those crops.
More information about what happens to DDT, DDE, and DDD in the environment can be found in Chapter 6.
1.3 How might I be exposed to DDT, DDE, and DDD?
People in the United States are exposed to DDT, DDE, and DDD mainly by eating foods containing small amounts of these compounds. Although not common today, exposure to DDT could also occur through inhalation or absorption through the skin during the handling or application of DDT. Even though DDT has not been used in this country since 1972, soil may still contain some DDT that may be taken up by plants and eaten by animals and people. DDT from contaminated water and sediment may be taken up by fish. The amount of DDT in food has greatly decreased since DDT was banned and should continue to decline. In the years 1986 to 1991, the average adult in the United States consumed an average of 0.8 micrograms (a microgram is a millionth of a gram) of DDT a day. Adults consumed slightly different amounts based on their age and sex. The largest fraction of DDT in a person's diet comes from meat, poultry, dairy products, and fish, including the consumption of sport fish. Leafy vegetables generally contain more DDT than other vegetables, possibly because DDT in the air is deposited on the leaves. Infants may be exposed by drinking breast milk.
DDT or its breakdown products are still present in some air, water, and soil samples. However, levels in most air and water samples are presently so low that exposure is of little concern. DDT levels in air have declined to such low levels that it often cannot be detected. In cases where DDT has been detected in air, it is associated with air masses coming from regions where DDT is still used or from the evaporated DDT from contaminated water or soil. p,p'-DDT and p,p'-DDE concentrations measured in air in the Great Lakes region in 1990 reached maximum levels of 0.035 and 0.119 nanograms (a nanogram is a billionth of a gram) of chemical per cubic meter of air (ng/m3), respectively. Levels were generally much lower, especially during the winter months. In 1995-1996, soils in the corn belt, where DDT was heavily used in the past, contained on the average about 10 nanograms of DDT in a gram of soil. In recent years, most surface water has not contained detectable amounts of DDT.
People who work or live around NPL sites or work with contaminated soil or sediment would most likely be exposed by accidentally swallowing soil, having skin contact with the soil, inhaling DDT vapor, or breathing in DDT in dust.
You can find more information on exposure to DDT, DDE, and DDD in Chapter 6 of this profile.
1.4 How can DDT, DDE, and DDD enter and leave my body?
Today in the United States, DDT, DDE, or DDD enters the body mainly when a person eats contaminated food. The actual amounts of DDT, DDE, and DDD absorbed from foods depends on both the concentration of chemical in the food and the amount of food eaten. Small amounts of DDT, DDE, and DDD may also be breathed in and absorbed into the body. DDT, DDE, and DDD are often attached to particles too large to pass very far into the lungs after air containing them is breathed. These particles are more likely to be carried upward in the mucus of the air passages and swallowed than for the DDT to be absorbed in the lungs. DDT, DDE, and DDD do not enter the body through the skin very easily.
Once inside the body, DDT can break down to DDE or DDD. DDE and DDD, in turn, break down to other substances (called metabolites). DDT, DDE, and DDD are stored most readily in fatty tissue, especially DDE. Some of these stored amounts leave the body very slowly. Levels in fatty tissues may either remain relatively the same over time or even increase with continued exposure. However, as exposure decreases, the amount of DDT in the body also decreases. DDT metabolites leave the body mostly in urine, but may also leave by breast milk and pass directly to nursing infants. See Chapter 3 for more information on how DDT, DDE, and DDD enter and leave the body.
1.5 How can DDT, DDE, and DDD affect my health?
Eating food with large amounts (grams) of DDT over a short time would most likely affect the nervous system. People who swallowed large amounts of DDT became excitable and had tremors and seizures. They also experienced sweating, headache, nausea, vomiting, and dizziness. These effects on the nervous system went away once exposure stopped. The same type of effects would be expected by breathing DDT particles in the air or by contact of the skin with high amounts of DDT. Tests in laboratory animals confirm the effect of DDT on the nervous system.
No effects have been reported in adults given small daily doses of DDT by capsule for 18 months (up to 35 milligrams [mg] every day). People exposed for a long time to small amounts of DDT (less than 20 mg per day), such as people who worked in factories where DDT was made, had some minor changes in the levels of liver enzymes in the blood. A study in humans showed that increasing concentrations of p,p'-DDE in human breast milk were associated with reductions in the duration of lactation. An additional study in humans found that as the DDE levels in the blood of pregnant women increased, the chances of having a pre-term baby also increased. It should be mentioned, however, that the levels of DDE in the blood at which this was noticed were higher than those currently found in women from the general population in the United States, but not higher than those that may be found in women in countries where DDT is still being used.
To protect the public from the harmful effects of toxic chemicals and to find ways to treat people who have been harmed, scientists use many tests.
One way to see if a chemical will hurt people is to learn how the chemical is absorbed, used, and released by the body; for some chemicals, animal testing may be necessary. Animal testing may also be used to identify health effects such as cancer or birth defects. Without laboratory animals, scientists would lose a basic method to get information needed to make wise decisions to protect public health. Scientists have the responsibility to treat research animals with care and compassion. Laws today protect the welfare of research animals, and scientists must comply with strict animal care guidelines.
Animal studies show that long-term exposure to moderate amounts of DDT (20-50 mg per kilogram [kg] of body weight every day) may affect the liver. Tests in animals also suggest that short-term exposure to DDT and metabolites in food may have a harmful effect on reproduction. In addition, we know that some breakdown products of DDT can cause harmful effects on the adrenal gland. This gland is situated near the kidney and produces hormones (substances produced by organs and released to the bloodstream to regulate the function of other organs).
Studies in animals have shown that oral exposure to DDT can cause liver cancer. Studies of DDT-exposed workers did not show increases in deaths or cancers. Based on all of the evidence available, the Department of Health and Human Services has determined that DDT is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen. Similarly, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has determined that DDT is possibly carcinogenic to humans. EPA has determined that DDT, DDE, and DDD are probable human carcinogens. See Chapter 3 for more information on the health effects associated with exposure to DDT, DDE, and DDD.
1.6 How can DDT, DDE, and DDD affect children?
This section discusses potential health effects from exposures during the period from conception to maturity at 18 years of age in humans.
Children can be exposed to DDT, DDE, or DDD by eating food or drinking breast milk contaminated with these compounds. DDT is a pesticide, and even though it has not been used in this country since 1972, soil has small amounts and, under certain conditions, contaminated soil transfers DDT to crops. Children can be exposed also by eating food imported from countries where DDT is still being used. Because of their smaller weight, intake of an equivalent amount of DDT by children and adults would result in a higher dose (amount of DDT ingested per kilogram of body weight) in children than in adults. In the United States between 1985 and 1991, the average 8½-month-old infant consumed 4 times as much DDT for each pound of body weight than the average adult. However, the amounts of DDT consumed were much smaller than the amounts that have been tested in studies in animals.
DDT from the mother can enter her unborn baby through the placenta. DDT has been found in amniotic fluid, human placentas, fetuses, and umbilical cord blood. DDT has been measured in human milk; therefore, nursing infants are also exposed to DDT. In most cases, however, the benefits of breast-feeding outweigh any risks from exposure to DDT in mother's milk. Nevertheless, women with unusually high amounts of DDT or metabolites in their bodies (compared to background amounts measured in the general population) should be informed of the potential exposure of the fetus if they become pregnant and the potential risks of breast-feeding.
We do not know whether children differ from adults in their susceptibility to health effects from DDT. There are few studies of young children exposed to DDT. A child who drank DDT in kerosene only once vomited and had tremors and convulsions and eventually died; however, we do not know how much of this was caused by the kerosene. Adults who swallowed DDT in much greater amounts than those found in the environment had effects on their nervous systems. The same harmful effects will probably happen to young children if they eat food or drink liquids with large amounts of DDT. However, because DDT is no longer used or made in the United States, such exposure is not likely to happen. Two studies have shown a higher dose of DDT is needed to kill newborn and young rats than adult rats. In one study, when the dose was divided up and given over 4 days, the same dose of DDT killed rats of all ages.
There is no evidence that exposure to DDT at levels found in the environment causes birth defects in people. One study in U.S. children 12 to 14 years of age found that boys whose mothers had higher DDE levels in their bodies when they were pregnant were taller than those whose mothers had lower DDE levels. A study of German children found that girls with higher DDE in the blood at 8 years of age were shorter than those with lower DDE levels. The reason for the discrepancy between the two studies is unknown. Studies in animals have shown that DDT given during pregnancy can slow the growth of the fetus. Exposure to DDT or its metabolites during development may change how the reproductive and nervous systems work. This seems to be caused by the property of DDT or its metabolites to mimic the action of natural hormones. Male rats exposed to the DDT breakdown product, p,p'-DDE, as fetuses or while nursing, showed changes in the development of their reproductive system. One study found that the beginning of puberty is delayed in male rats given relatively high amounts of p,p'-DDE as juveniles. Also, one study showed that exposure of mice to DDT during the first weeks of life resulted in neurobehavioral problems when tests were done later in life. These studies raise concerns that exposure to DDT early in life might cause harmful effects that remain or begin long after exposure has stopped.
More information regarding children's health and DDT and related compounds can be found in Section 3.8.
1.7 How can families reduce the risk of exposure to DDT, DDE, and DDD?
If your doctor finds that you have been exposed to significant amounts of DDT, DDE, and DDD, ask whether your children might also be exposed. Your doctor might need to ask your state health department to investigate.
At this time, most people are exposed to DDT and its breakdown products as a result of eating foods or drinking liquids that may be contaminated with small amounts of DDT. DDT is a pesticide, but it was banned in the United States in 1972. However, because of its chemical characteristics, it has stayed in the environment and low levels of DDT may be present in foods (i.e., fruits, vegetables, meat, and fish) for many years. Studies have shown that cooking will reduce the amount of DDT in fish. Many other countries still use DDT; therefore, food brought into the United States from these countries may contain DDT. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) analyzes a wide variety of imported food items (coffee, tropical fruits, etc.) as well as domestic products to insure that pesticide residues are below FDA tolerances. DDT has been found in both root and leafy vegetables. DDT attaches to the roots of plants, but it does not easily move to other parts of the plants. DDT in the air can be deposited on to the surfaces of plants. Washing fruits and vegetables before eating them is a healthful practice.
You and your children may be exposed to DDT by eating certain types of fish or wildlife caught from certain locations. Some states, Native American tribes, and U.S. territories have issued fish and wildlife advisories to warn people about DDT-contaminated fish and turtles. Each state, Native American tribe, or U.S. territory sets its own criteria for issuing fish and wildlife advisories. A fish advisory will specify which bodies of water have restrictions. The advisory will tell you what type and sizes of fish are of concern. The advisory may completely ban eating fish or tell you to limit your meals of a certain fish type. For example, an advisory may tell you to eat a certain type of fish no more than once a month. The advisory may tell you only to eat certain parts of the fish or turtle and how to prepare or cook the fish or turtle to decrease your exposure to DDT. The fish or wildlife advisory may be stricter to protect pregnant women, nursing mothers, and young children. To reduce your children's exposure to DDT, obey fish and wildlife advisories. Information on fish and wildlife advisories in your state is available from your state health or natural resources department. Signs may also be posted in certain fishing areas.
More information regarding exposure to DDT can be found in Sections 6.5, 6.6, and 6.7.
1.8 Is there a medical test to determine whether I have been exposed to DDT, DDE, and DDD?
DDT, DDE, and DDD can be measured in fat, blood, urine, semen, and breast milk. Samples of blood and urine are easy to get, and levels in these samples may help show the amount of exposure. These tests are not readily available at your doctor's office, but your doctor can tell you where they can be done. Tests may show low, moderate, or excessive exposure to these compounds. However, such tests cannot show the exact amount of DDT, DDE, or DDD to which a person was exposed, or predict the chance of health effects in the person. See Chapters 3 and 7 for more information on tests to detect these compounds in the body.
1.9 What recommendations has the federal government made to protect human health?
The federal government develops regulations and recommendations to protect public health. Regulations can be enforced by law. Federal agencies that develop regulations for toxic substances include the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Recommendations provide valuable guidelines to protect public health but cannot be enforced by law. Federal organizations that develop recommendations for toxic substances include the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
Regulations and recommendations can be expressed in not-to-exceed levels in air, water, soil, or food that are usually based on levels that affect animals; then they are adjusted to help protect people. Sometimes these not-to-exceed levels differ among federal organizations because of different exposure times (an 8-hour workday or a 24-hour day), the use of different animal studies, or other factors.
Recommendations and regulations are also periodically updated as more information becomes available. For the most current information, check with the federal agency or organization that provides it. Some regulations and recommendations for DDT, DDE, and DDD include the following:
All uses of DDT were banned by EPA in 1972, except in cases of public health emergencies. DDT was banned because the chemical was building up in the environment and possibly hurting wildlife. Also, some cancer tests in laboratory animals showed positive results. Although DDT is no longer used in the United States, federal regulations still control the amounts of DDT allowed in food and water.
OSHA states that workers may not be exposed to amounts of DDT greater than 1 milligram of DDT per cubic meter of air (1 mg/m3) for an 8-hour workday, 40-hour work week. EPA estimates that drinking 2 liters of water per day containing 0.59 nanograms of DDT per liter of water (1 nanogram is one billionth of a gram) and eating 6.5 grams of fish and shellfish per day (from waters containing 0.59 nanograms DDT per liter) would be associated with an increased lifetime cancer risk of one in one million. Fish and shellfish tend to concentrate DDT from the surrounding water in their tissues. FDA has set action levels for DDT/DDE/DDD; these are limits at or above which FDA will take legal action to remove products from the market. Action levels for a variety of products are listed in Table 8-1. See Chapter 8 for more information on regulations.
1.10 Where can I get more information?
If you have any more questions or concerns, please contact your community or state health or environmental quality department or:
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
Division of Toxicology and Environmental Medicine
1600 Clifton Road NE, Mailstop F-62
Atlanta, GA 30333
Fax: 1-770-488-4178
Information line and technical assistance:
Phone: 888-422-8737
ATSDR can also tell you the location of occupational and environmental health clinics. These clinics specialize in recognizing, evaluating, and treating illnesses resulting from exposure to hazardous substances.
To order toxicological profiles, contact:
National Technical Information Service
5285 Port Royal Road
Springfield, VA 22161
Phone: 800-553-6847 or 703-605-6000
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). 2002. Toxicological profile for DDT, DDE, and DDD. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service.
Where can I get more information?
If you have questions or concerns, please contact your community or state health or environmental quality department or:
For more information, contact:
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
Division of Toxicology and Human Health Sciences
1600 Clifton Road NE, Mailstop S102-1
Atlanta, GA 30333
Phone: 1-800-CDC-INFO · 888-232-6348 (TTY)
Email: Contact CDC-INFO
ATSDR can also tell you the location of occupational and environmental health clinics. These clinics specialize in recognizing, evaluating, and treating illnesses resulting from exposure to hazardous substances.
- Page last reviewed: January 21, 2015
- Page last updated: January 21, 2015
- Content source: Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry


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Pit bull ban leads to service dog claims
YAKIMA, Wash. (AP) — City officials in Yakima, Washington, say that some pit bull owners are falsely claiming that their dogs are service animal to circumvent a city ban of the breed.
City code manager Joe Caruso tells KIMA (https://bit.ly/1klSHPA ) one pit bull whose owner claimed it was a service dog killed a cat that entered its yard, and another pit bull escaped and bit three people.
The dog that attacked people was put down and the cat killer is banned from the city until its case is heard in court.
Meanwhile, Yakima plans to ask service dog owners to sign a form that says they could be charged with perjury if their pit bull isn't a real service animal.
Information from: KIMA-TV, https://www.kimatv.com/