text:
"Lucy Webb Hayes and Her Influence Upon Her Era"
By Emily Apt Geer
Seldom in American history has the character of a President's wife been so distorted as that of Lucy Webb Hayes. Critics of the Hayes temperance policy in White House entertaining attributed the ban on the serving of liquor and wine to Mrs. Hayes, and derisively nicknamed her "Lemonade Lucy." To counteract the attack and ridicule, Mrs. Hayes' friends and relatives pictured her as a woman of saintly proportions whose every thought was concerned with the welfare of humanity. Writers of history have perpetuated both the trite nickname and the unnatural image to an extent that the real personality of Lucy Webb Hayes is all but lost.
This review, by reexamining letters to and from Lucy Webb Hayes along with various other accounts in diaries, memoirs, and newspapers, seeks to dispel these false images. It reveals Lucy Hayes as she really was--an intelligent, warm-hearted, very human woman--influential and also influenced by her associates; and because of her husband's position, able to extend her influence beyond personal family and friends.
Lucy Hayes served as First Lady during an important transitional era in nineteenth-century American history. Kenneth E. Davison in The Presidency of Rutherford B. Hayes, states that "the period from Hayes' nomination and election through his presidency and retirement coincided with the birth of a new age: the modern economic and social world."1
Davison and other historians of the Gilded Age cite numerous changes that occurred during this era in American economic, social and intellectual life. Major economic trends of the 1870s included the rise of national businesses, shifts in centers of agriculture, and the development of a favorable balance of trade for the United States. The accelerated movement of people from rural to urban areas also brought about great alterations in social life. Meanwhile, American artists and writers gained greater recognition for their accomplishments; developments in professional and graduate study, and the formation of new learned societies constituted significant milestones in American scholarship. The Philadelphia Centennial Exposition, that so thrilled Lucy Hayes in 1876,2 educated its many visitors to the possibilities of favor saving inventions, and suggested ways of using new found time for educational and leisure pursuits.3
With urbanization and industrialization changing the needs and roles of people, particularly women, American industry and business became increasingly aware of opportunities for employing women and satisfying female customers. It is not surprising that, in this atmosphere, Lucy Hayes--the first wife of an American President to have earned a college degree, and a woman with a sincere interest in human welfare--should be hailed as a representative of the "New Woman Era."4
But was Lucy Hayes a true representative of the new woman era? By what criteria should she be judged? How well did she fulfill the era's expectations? What kind of an example did she set for other women?
If a married woman of the 1870s were physically and financially able, she was counted on the serve as a hostess, to manage a household, to supervise family life, and to be a loving and supportive wife. In addition an important government official's wife was also expected to show an interest in the poor and unfortunate, particularly those in the District of Columbia. Leaders of the woman's rights movement, which focused almost exclusively on suffrage after the Civil War,5 welcomed the support of prominent women. The new woman was also supposed to be interested in politics.6
Exponents of education for women expected the presence in the White House of the first President's wife with a college degree to encourage female education, and temperance organizations, such as the recently formed Woman's Christian Temperance Union (1874), fully expected Mrs. Hayes would advocate a temperance policy in the White House. Finally, church groups also looked to Lucy Hayes for encouragement and support because of her strong religious convictions.
What was the background of this woman who became First Lady in 1877? What forces molded her character? What indications were there that she would live up to the expectations for the new woman?
Lucy Webb was born in Chillicothe, August 28, 1831, the third child and only daughter of Maria Cook and Dr. James Webb. Lucy's father died of cholera when she was two years old and, quite naturally, her strongwilled grandfather, Isaac Cook, a prominent citizen of Chillicothe and vigorous advocate of temperance, exerted an influence on the character of the little girl.7
When Lucy was twelve, her mother moved to Delaware so that her sons, James and Joseph, could enroll in the newly organized college department of Ohio Wesleyan. Lucy attended classes in the preparatory department and earned a few credits in the collegiate division. A term report signed by the vice-president in 1845 noted that her conduct was "unexceptionable" (beyond reproach).
According to family tradition, Rutherford Hayes, while on a visit to his birthplace in Delaware, first heard the "merry peal" of Lucy's laughter, and saw the pretty fifteen year-old girl near the famous sulphur spring on the campus of Ohio Wesleyan.8 Soon after this brief meeting, Mrs. Webb decided her daughter was ready for college and late in the fall of 1847, Lucy Webb, now sixteen, enrolled in the collegiate department of Wesleyan Female College in Cincinnati.
Themes written by Lucy at this time reveal as much about the climate of learning at Cincinnati Wesleyan Female College as they do of the attitude of the writer. Moral issues provided most of the topics. There were such titles as "Has the World Degenerated Since the Fall?" and "Is Traveling on the Sabbath Consistent with Christian Principles?" An essay entitled, "Has Society a Right to Prohibit the Manufacture and Sale of Ardent Spirits?" brought forth all the temperance arguments Lucy has learned from the pulpit, the lecture platform, and her Grandfather Cook. Ideas from another theme suggest she may have been influenced by feminists of her day (Margaret Fuller published her landmark book, Women in the Nineteenth Centery, in 1845). Lucy wrote, "It is acknowledged by most persons that her (woman's) mind is as strong as a man's….Instead of being considered the slave of man, she is considered his equal in all things, and his superior in some."9
Early in January 1850, Rutherford Hayes, who had moved to Cincinnati a few weeks earlier to begin a new law practice, came to see Lucy Webb at her school. Thereafter his frequent appearances at the college and comments in his diary disclose a growing interest in her. Perhaps he even saw Lucy graduate in June 1850 and hears her read her commencement essay, "The Influence of Christianity on National Prosperity."10
A year later Rutherford was writing in his diary, "I guess I am a great deal in love with L(ucy)….Her low sweet voice…her soft rich eyes." Rutherford, however, was practical enough to look for other reasons for his attachment, and this perceptive analysis of Lucy's character indicates: "Intellect, she has too," he wrote, "a quick spritely one, rather than a reflective profound one. She sees at a glance what others study upon, but will not, perhaps study what she is unable to see at a flash. She is a genuine woman, right from instinct and impulse rather than judgment and reflection."11
A few weeks later, June 1851, Rutherford Hayes and Lucy Webb became engaged and a year and a half later, on December 30, 1852, were married at Maria Webb's home in Cincinnati. They left that evening for Columbus where he combined appearances before the Ohio Supreme Court with a pleasant visit in the home of his sister, Fanny Platt.12
The years from 1853 to the beginning of the Civil War were happy ones for the growing Hayes family. The first three of their children were born during this period: Birchard Austin, November 1853, Webb Cook, March 1856, and Rutherford Platt, June 1858.
Lucy's happiness and pride in her husband's professional achievements were tempered only by the death of his beloved sister, Fanny Platt, in 1856.
During frequent visits with the Platt family, Lucy Hayes had had long discussions with her sister-in-law and they attended lectures and concerts together. The interest in woman's rights which Lucy had expressed earlier in her college theme was renewed when she hears Lucy Stone speak. Lucy wrote to her husband that she was pleasantly surprised by the logic of Miss Stone's arguments and came home "Womans Rights in some things." She agreed with Miss Stone that a reform in the wage scale for women was long overdue, and that "violent" methods sometimes served the purpose of calling attention to the need for reforms. She noted Miss Stone took the position that "whatever is proper for a man to do is equally right for a woman provided she has the power."13 Possibly, if the influence of the bright and aggressive Fanny Platt has extended over a normal lifetime, Lucy Hayes might have become active in the woman's rights movement.
Fortunately, Lucy and her husband turned from their sorrow over Fanny's death to the absorbing political drama of 1856. Lucy's latent interest in politics was stimulated by the vision of the Republican nominee for president, the glamorous John C. Fremont, and his romantic wife, Jessie Benton, in the White House. After election results showed Fremont losing the race, Rutherford wrote to his uncle, "Lucy takes it to heart a good deal that Jessie is not to be mistress of the White House after all."14
The onset of the Civil War in 1861 marked a change from private to public life for the Hayes family. When the first news of the firing on Ft. Sumter reached Cincinnati, Lucy was all for war. She even felt that if she had been at Ft. Sumter with a garrison of women there might have been no surrender.15 Her enthusiasm encouraged Rutherford to enlist as a major in the Twenty-third Ohio Volunteer Infantry. At the end of the war he received the brevet rant of major-general.
Hayes family letters, diaries and other contemporary accounts show the attitude of the civilian population toward the war effort, and provide superb descriptions of camp life and military campaigns. They also explain Lucy's abiding interest in veterans' welfare. The happy months Lucy and the children spent with Rutherford Hayes in army camps along the Kanawha River in western Virginia were interrupted by the sorrow of separation and the death of their year and a half old son, Joseph, at Camp White, near Charleston. The ordeal of South Mountain, where Hayes was painfully wounded, and the danger of the fierce campaign of 1864 in the Shanandoah Valley were other worries. Finally, Lucy and Rutherford's fifth son, George Crook, born in September 1864, died like the other war baby, before he was two years old.
Although Hayes had been elected to Congress in the fall of 1864, he did not resign from the army until the following spring, In May 1865, Lucy accompanied her husband to Washington where they watched the Grand Review of the Army from the congressional stand. She thought Andrew Johnson was a "noble looking" man and was thrilled as she watched the cavalry ride past, although her sympathetic nature could not "shake off" the "sad thoughts of the thousands who would never gladden home.16
The Hayes Family did not move to Washington to live, but Lucy visited her husband whenever possible. Her frequent presence in the gallery of the House to listen to congressional debates was evidence of her growing interest in politics.17 When at home in Cincinnati, she wrote her husband how she missed being able to talk politics with him, and expressed concern over Johnson's vetoes of Radical Republican measures.18
While serving his second term in Congress, Rutherford Hayes was nominated for governor of Ohio by the Union Republican Party (June 1867). As he campaigned for office Lucy awaited the arrival of their sixth baby; on September 2, 1867, the longed-for girl was born and promptly named Fanny after Rutherford's sister.
Hayes was elected governor of Ohio by the scant margin of 2983 votes. With Democratic majorities in both houses, he could not hope for passage of much controversial legislation, so he turned his attention instead to overdue reform of state institutions. In this he was aided by Lucy, who often accompanied her husband on visits to prisons, correctional institutions for boys and girls, hospitals for the mentally ill, and facilities for the deaf and dumb.19
Lucy found particular satisfaction in the establishment of a soldiers' orphans home. Failing to win state support, she and her friends worked with the Grand Army of the Republic to start a home with voluntary contributions at Xenia. Eventually in 1870, the Home became a state institution. A deadlock in the state senate in April 1870 over the confirmation of Governor Hayes' nominees for the Board of Managers nearly defeated the measure. A tri-lingual filibuster and locked doors, however, kept the senate in session until a supporter of the bill arrived to break the tie. Throughout the controversy, Lucy exerted pressure on her friends, especially in the senate, to have the Home approved.20
While Lucy found state politics interesting, home affairs occupied much of her time. There were many friends and political visitors to be lodged and entertained in the houses they rented, first on East State Street across from the Capitol, and then on Seventh Street. In February 1871, a "healthy, good-natured" baby boy, Scott Russell, was added to the family.21
Rutherford Hayes chose not to run for a third term as governor in 1871. By the spring of 1873, the family had moved to Fremont into the home at Spiegel Grove which Rutherford's uncle, Sardis Birchard, had built with them in mind. There, on August 1, 1873, just before her forty-second birthday, Lucy gave birth to her eighth and last baby. Like his two brothers of the war years, however, little Manning Force did not survive his second summer.
Although pleased with their life in Fremont, Hayes yielded in 1875 to the pleas of Republican party leaders to run for an unprecedented third term as governor. His election over a strong opponent automatically meant he would be considered for the presidency in 1877. Lucy assured her husband that she had not been bitten by the "mania" but she was "so happy, so proud" to be his wife.22 Secretly cherishing the same dream, she told her son in college that their cook, Winnie Monroe, was "looking to the Top of the Ladder."23
While serving his third term as governor, Hayes was dramatically nominated for President by the Republican convention at Cincinnati in June 1876. The campaign was very different from others he had participated in because custom decreed that a presidential nominee might allow others to do the talking for him. Also, for the first time since Hayes entered politics, Lucy became a prime subject of newspaper stories. A correspondent for the New York Herald wrote, "Mrs. Hayes is a most attractive and lovable woman…"24 A year later, another writer for a national publication commented, "Mrs. Hayes is said to be a student of politics, and to talk intelligently upon their changing phases."25
The presidential election of 1876 did not give a clear-cut victory to either Rutherford B. Hayes of Samuel J. Tilden, and had to be decided through a special Electoral Commission authorized by Congress. Lucy's confidence in her husband helped him through this difficult period, but her friends wondered how she endured "sitting on the ragged edge."26 That Lucy's sense of humor did not desert her is shown by this excerpt from a letter to her son Birchard: "Your father and I are becoming more and more attached to each other…I will never desert Mr. Micawber."27
On March 1, 1877, a day before the last electoral vote had been counted, the Hayes family and friends boarded a train for Washington. Just before dawn the next morning, March 2, they were awakened near Harrisburg to receive the news that Congress had finally declared Hayes the duly elected President of the United States.28 Now the influence of Lucy Hayes, like that of her husband, would be extended to the national scene.
The new President's White House family included twenty-one year old Webb who served as his father's personal secretary, six year old Scott, and Fanny, who was nine. The other two sons, Rutherford, eighteen, and Birchard, twenty-three, interrupted their college studies to participate in the first few days at the Mansion.
Since it was not then the custom for a President's wife to have a staff of social assistants, Lucy Hayes made up for her lack of grown daughters by inviting nieces, cousins, and daughters of friends to assist her with social duties. The presence of these attractive young ladies, some of whom stayed at the White House so long that they virtually became part of the family, interested Washington society and helped enliven Hayes White House dinners and receptions.29
For Lucy Hayes, everyday life in the White House followed a pleasant routine and served, consciously or unconsciously, as a good example of middle class propriety and Christian morality. After breakfast and a walk through the greenhouses, the family and guests gathered in the library where a chapter from the Bible was read and the Lord's Prayer repeated. By this time flowers had been brought in from the conservatories and, with the help of Mrs. Hayes, were arranged for the White House. Other bouquets were sent to friends and Washington hospitals. The rest of the morning Lucy was busy receiving calls and taking visiting friends and relatives on tours of the city.30
The public also was intrigued by the Sunday evening soirees that the Hayes family instituted. There exist pictures of Carl Schurz, Secretary of the Interior (called by Grant an infidel and atheist) playing such favorite hymns as "Jesus Lover of My Soul," and "Blest Be the Tie that Binds," with Lucy Hayes leading the singing for the family and friends gathered in the parlor.31
Washington reporters soon recognized Mrs. Hayes competence as a hostess (acquired through long years as the wife of an elected official) and often expressed their appreciation for her helpfulness and cordiality. Surprisingly, of the eighteen Presidents who had preceded Hayes, only eight had wives who were able to assume the social responsibilities of their position for a full term. Five of the eight, Martha Washington, Abigail Adams, Dolley Madison, Elizabeth Monroe, and Louisa Adams were from the early period. Sarah Polk, Mary Lincoln and Julia Grant were the three from the mid-century years.32
The winter social season began on New Year's Day and ended with the coming of Lent. Describing Mrs. Hayes' appearance at the White House New Year's Reception in 1879, a reporter for the Washington Post, a paper hostile to the Hayes Administration, wrote, "The dress of Mrs. Hayes was at once simple and elegant…With accustomed good taste she wore no jewelry, and the white plume in her black hair fell gracefully in drooping folds."33 Two months later a reporter for the same paper, describing the reception for the diplomatic corps, noted that "the brilliancy of the scene…was probably never excelled in any fete given by any administration."34
When the Hayes family moved to Washington the White House staff, knowing that liquor had not been served in the household in Ohio, waited to see what the policy would be for formal entertaining. Doubtless Winnie Monroe, who had reached the "top of the ladder," told them that Hayes' uncle, Sardis Birchard, had maintained a "fine cellar" well stocked with wine and liqueurs,35and that Mrs. Hayes had helped her mother secure wine for medicinal purposes.36 Politicians remembered that Hayes sometimes had a "schoppen" of beer when he visited Cincinnati,37 and army friends could recall promotions celebrated with spirits.38
At the first official state dinner, April 19, 1877, given in honor of the Russian Grand Duke Alexis and his companion, Grand Duke Constantine, a "full quota" of wine was served, but soon after this Hayes made it known that there would be no more alcoholic beverages served at future White House functions.39 The decison must have been a joint resolution on the part of Lucy and Rutherford Hayes since that was the way they solved such problems. Many factors entered into it: a wish to set a good example; Lucy's life-time abstinence from liquor; a desire to keep the temperance advocates in the Republican ranks rather than have them join the Prohibition Party; and Hayes' firm conviction that government officials should conduct themselves at all times with discretion and dignity.40
Some years later, a literary critic wrote that the decision to bar wine from White House entertaining was "unfortunate." "However creditable this…may have been to the moral ideals of the President, it was unfortunate for his reputation, for it labeled him."41 Even more it labeled Lucy Hayes because she received most of the credit for the temperance policy. Many modern readers of American history remember her as "Lemonade Lucy rather than as a gracious hostess, and a witty, well-educated, and warm-hearted woman who raised the prestige of the First Lady in American life.
Mrs. Hayes' hospitality strained the capacity of the White House. The family apartment on the second floor consisted of six or seven bedrooms and one sitting room. The office of the President and the Cabinet Room were also on the second floor, and official visitors used the same corridors as did the the family. About the only changes in these quarters during Hayes' term were the installation of bathrooms with running water and the addition of a crude wall telephone.42 Rud Hayes said that when he and Birchard came home from college they seldom had a bedroom or even a bed to themselves. They might be assigned a cot in the hall, a couch in a reception room, or even a bathtub as a "resting place."43
Despite cramped living quarters, Lucy Hayes was charmed with the White House. After eight years of vigorous entertaining by the Grants much renovating was necessary, but because of strained relations between Hayes and Congress the appropriation was delayed. Holes in the carpet and tears in the curtains were covered as much as possible by moving furniture and reversing ends of curtains. William Crook, an executive clerk who served Presidents from Lincoln through Theodore Roosevelt, testified that Lucy Hayes ransacked the attic and cellar to find furniture that could be restored and that "many really good things owed their preservation to this energetic lady."44
When Congress finally appropriated money for repairs and remodeling, Lucy preferred to enlarge the conservatories rather than to undertake extensive redecoration. The billiard-room, which connected the house with the conservatories, was converted into an attractive greenhouse and the billiard table consigned to the basement. Shuttered windows in the State Dining Room could then be opened for dinner guests to look into the conservatories.45 Thus the delayed appropriation was used to make the dining area more attractive and eliminated what many Americans regarded as either a gambling device or a rich man's toy.
Lucy Hayes managed her family and domestic affairs with kindness and affection. She supervised the education of Fanny and Scott and was the confidant and advisor to her older sons. Letters to Rud at Cornell included advice such as, "card playing reserved for home," or in jest, "don't let your youthful affections become entangled."46 Two elaborate doll houses in the hallway of the White House, or toys such as a new ball for Scott, often distracted the two young children from their studies.47
Lucy Hayes frequently accompanied her husband on trips around the country. He traveled so much that Lucy accused him of being "scenery mad" and the Chicago Tribune nicknamed him "Rutherford the Rover."48 Their longest trip was a 71 day odyssey to the Pacific coast in the fall of 1880, the first time any president had crossed the continent while in office. Lucy enjoyed the beautiful scenery of the Northwest and California, the rides by stagecoach through wild country, and the ocean voyage from Astoria to San Francisco. Laura Mitchell, the President's niece, who accompanied the party wrote to Fanny and Scott, "Your mama wishes me to tell you what a superb sailor she has grown."49
When Rutherford Hayes accepted the presidency, he said he would serve only one term, and although Lucy had enjoyed Washington she was ready to leave at the end of four years. Pressures and separations had not diminished the love Lucy and Rutherford felt for each other. Not long before his death, Rutherford referred to their marriage as "the most interesting fact" of his life.50 Lucy's love is evident in her letters although she never expressed it quite as well as Rutherford did on his forty-eighth birthday when he wrote, "My life with you has been so happy--so successful--so beyond reasonable anticipations, that I think of you with a loving gratitude that I do not know how to express."51
The Hayes family returned to Fremont in March, 1881, following the inauguration of James Garfield. Soon Lucy was involved in local activities; she joined the Woman's Relief Corps (founded 1883), taugh a Sunday School class, attended reunions of the 23rd Ohio Volunteer Infantry and entertained distinguished visitors to Spiegel Grove. She found additional happiness in family gatherings and the "Noah's collection" of animals assembled on the grounds of the estate.52
Ultimately, Lucy Hayes was persuaded to become national president of the newly formed Woman's Home Missionary Society of the Methodist Church. Just as college themes had revealed her thoughts and concerns, her reports to the annual conferences of the W.H.M.S. expressed her mature convictions. In 1884, she emphasized that the most inspiring field for action by the society was the improvement of home conditions for the "uninformed, destitute, and unfortunate."53 At another conference she mentioned the gratifying growth of the organization and her pleasure in the development of juvenile societies.54 In her last address to the society in Boston, November 1888, she worried about "the crime against women that now holds Utah," and called attention to the "lamentable situation" of the "Negroes in the South" and the "neglected poor" of the cities.55
On a June afternoon in 1889, as Lucy Hayes sat by the bay window in her bedroom sewing, and watching Scott, Fanny, and their friends playing tennis on the south lawn of Spiegel Grove, she suffered a severe apoplectic stroke. Early on the morning of June 25, 1889 she dies in her sleep. Lucy Hayes would have been fifty-eight on August 28, 1889.56
Rutherford Hayes was stricken with grief. Newspaper eulogies and letters came from all party of the country. Perhaps the most poignant tribute was written by her son Webb Hayes: "My Mother was all that a Mother could be and in addition was a most joyous and lovable companion."57
Reflecting on the questions asked when Lucy Hayes became First Lady: Was she a representative of the "New Woman Era?" Did she fulfill expectations as a good hostess, manager of the White House, and supervisor of a family. Observers as different as Julia Foraker and Mrs. George Bancroft agreed that she was an exceptional hostess.58 The comments of the White House staff indicate that she managed the Mansion in the same easy and efficient manner as the home in Spiegel Grove or rented houses in Columbus. Love and affection of her husband and children affirm her success as a wife and mother.
Did she show an interest in the welfare of the less fortunate and support Christian and charitable organizations? It would have been contrary to Lucy Hayes nature not to help the poor and needy. The doorkeeper at the White House remembered being called upstairs often to take money and a note to some destitute family.59 Her personal charities in Washington and Fremont were extensive.60 Throughout her lifetime, Lucy Hayes shared the flowers she loved so much with friends, the ill and the disconsolate. Obviously she was active in church activities and related organizations.
The refusal to serve wine at White House functions undoubtedly was a boost for temperance even though it subjected Lucy Hayes to unwarranted ridicule, and, according to the correspondent "Olivia," added to the tedium of three hour State dinners.61 Mrs. Hayes did not become a member of the W.C.T.U. According to the president of the organization, Frances Willard, Mrs. Hayes never did "so far as has been learned, participate in the crusade work" of the temperance movement.62
Nor "as has been learned" did Lucy Hayes support woman suffrage. Although she had given some thought to woman's rights earlier, there seemed to have been no contact with Elizabeth Cady Stanton or Susan B. Anthony when the National Suffrage Association met in Washington during the Hayes administration. In 1879, Mrs. Stanton, annoyed because Hayes had not mentioned woman suffrage in his State of the Union message, sent a committee of women to call upon him to "remind him of the existence of 20,000,000 unrepresented women."63 Hayes received the delegation and gave them a "most respectful and courteous hearing, asking questions and showing evident interest…"64 Before they left, he introduced them to Mrs. Hayes who showed them through the Mansion.65
When Hayes was governor of Ohio, he had written in his diary that the exercise of the political duties of citizenship was inconsistent with the demands of maternity.66 There is no evidence that suffragist pressure changed his stand. But then, as Mrs. Stanton wrote in 1902, Theodore Roosevelt was the first American President to publicly support woman suffrage.67
Lucy Hayes did not dispute her husband's position on suffrage. Professor David Thelen explained in the American Quarterly (Summer 1970) that at the core of Hayes' social thought was his passion for social harmony.68 This also applied to Lucy Hayes. When Susan Anthony wrote to her in 1888 asking the Woman's Home Missionary Society to send delegates to a meeting of the International Council of Women, Mrs. Hayes replied that it would be impossible without action of the whole society.69 Meanwhile, in a memorandum to officers of the society, she advised them not to introduce resolutions to approve the work of the Woman's Suffrage Association.70
How much Lucy Hayes helped to improve education for women is difficult to judge. Certainly her presence in the White House as the first President's wife with a college degree was an example for young women to emulate.
Letters and periodicals from the time John C. Fremont ran for president in 1856 until the end of Rutherford Hayes' term in 1881 include frequent references to Lucy Hayes interest in politics. On several occasions she also interceded with her husband on behalf of applicants for government positions. Although Rutherford Hayes announced at the beginning of his term that applications to members of his family would be futile, there were times when Lucy could not resist some of the more worthy applicants, particularly young ladies.71 Ironically, Lucy Hayes was credited with persuading her husband to appoint the impoverished and aging John C. Fremont to the post of territorial governor of Arizona.72
While Lucy Hayes did not change many of her husband's political tenets and beliefs, she encouraged his ambition for elective offices, bolstered his self-confidence, and to some extent exerted a humanizing influence upon his political activities. Both she and Rutherford received credit for infusing what Secretary Schurz called a "new spirit of purity and conscience into our public life."73
My study of Lucy Hayes indicates that in the long struggle for the advancement and recognition of women she is better described as a transitional figure than as a representative of the new woman era. A twentieth century feminist might regret that Lucy Hayes did not support woman suffrage, but this would have been contrary to her social code and her concept of the role of a political wife. The example, however, that Lucy Hayes set for the nation as a hostess and homemaker, the adoration and respect accorded her by her family, her efforts to help other people, her sincere interest in politics, and the extent of her education, promised well for the future status of women in the American social and intellectual structure.
End Notes
1 Kenneth Davison, The Presidency of Rutherford B. Hayes (Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, Inc., 1972), 66.
2 Lucy Webb Hayes to Rutherford Platt Hayes, November 2, 1876. R. B. Hayes Library, Fremont, Ohio, hereinafter cited as RBHL
3 Davison, Hayes, 59-66.
4 Laura C. Holloway, Ladies of the White House (Philadelphia: Bradley & Co., 1880), 560.
5 Mary Ann Oakley, Elizabeth Cady Stanton (Old Westbury, N. Y.; The Feminist Press, SUNY, College at Old Westbury, 1972), 81.|
6 Washington Press, January 2, 1879.
7 Margaret C. Gilmore, "Life of Judge Isaac Cook" (Mimeographed, n.d.). RBHL.
8 Laura Platt Mitchell, "Lucy Webb Hayes: Reminiscences for Her Grandson by One of Her Nieces." (53 page typewritten account, (1890), 12; Rutherford B. Hayes to LWH, August 4, 1851. RBHL.
9 Lucy Webb original compositions. RBHL.
10 Harry Barnard, Rutherford B. Hayes and His America, (Indianapolis: The Bobbs Merrill Co., 1954), 179.
11 R. B. Hayes Diary, May 23, 1851. RBHL.
12 RBH to Sardis Birchard, January 22, 1853. Hayes Diary, December 30, 1852. RBHL.
13 LWH to RBH, April 23, 1854. RBHL.
14 RBH to SB, October 18, 1856. RBHL.
15 RBH to SB, Apr. 15, 1861. RBHL.
16 LWH to Maria Webb, May 26, 1865. RBHL.
17 RBH to Sophia Hayes, February 4, 1866. RBHL.
18 LWH to RBH, March 25, [1866]. RBHL.
19 Barnard, Hayes and his America, 247; RBH to James D. Webb, June 3, 1870. RBHL.
20 Charles R. Williams, The Life of Rutherford Birchard Hayes (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1912), l, n.l, 348.
21 Hayes Diary, February 8, 1871. RBHL.
22 LWH to RBH, October 25, 1875. RBHL.
23 LWH to "My Dear Boy" [Birchard], November 28, 1875. RBHL.
24 New York Herald quoted in Fremont Weekly Journal, July 7, 1876.
25 "Gossip About Women," National Union, November 22, 1877, p. 116.
26 Mrs. L. C. Austin to LWH, November 10, 1876. RBHL.
27 LWH to Birchard A. Hayes, February 6, 1877. RBHL.
28 Barnard, Hayes and His America, 403.
29 Williams, Life, II, 301; Barnard, Hayes and His America, 404; Davison, Hayes, 76-77.
30 Laura Platt Mitchell, "Memorandum of a Typical Day at the White House." RBHL.
31 Julia Bundy Foraker, I Would Live It Again (New York; Harper & Bros., 1932, 69-70; Carl Wittke, "Carl Schurz and Rutherford B. Hayes," Ohio Historical Quarterly, LXV (October 1956), 350.
32 Information about lives of Presidents from: Laura Holloway, Ladies of the White House, 1882; Bess Furman, White House Profile (Indianapolis; Bobbs Merrill Co., Inc., 1953); Marianne Means, The Woman in the White House (New York: Random House, 1963); Kathleen Prindiville, First Ladies (New York: MacMillan Co., 1955); Jane Tompkins McConnell and Burt McConnell, First Ladies (New York: Thomas Y. Crowell Co., 1953).
33 Washington Post, January 2, 1879.
34 Ibid., Feb. 26, 1879.
35 Curtis C. MacDonald, "Ansequago, A Biography of Sardis Birchard" (Ph.D. diss., Case Western Reserve University, 1958), 262-263.
36 LWH to RBH, June 24 [1854]. RBHL
37 Hayes Diary, July 21, 1870. RBHL.
38 Ibid., December 10, 1864. RBHL.
39 Barnard, Hayes and His America, 480.
40 C. B. Williams, (ed.) Diary and Letters of Rutherford Birchard Hayes (Columbus: The Ohio State Archaeological and Historical Society, 1922-26), III, 525.
41 W. L. Phelps, "Review of Rutherford B. Hayes," by H. J. Eckenrode, Boston Herald, July 5, 1930.
42 Charles Hurd, The White House: A Biography (New York: Harper & Bros., 1940), 186, 189.
43 R. P. Hayes, "Age of Innocence," Literary Digest, February 5, 1927, 41.
44 Margaret Spalding Gerry, Through Five Administrations: Reminiscences of Colonel Wm. H. Crook (New York: Harper & Brothers Publishers, 1910), 226.
45 Ibid., 227.
46 LWH to RPH, Jan. 31, 1879. RBHL.
47 Davison, Hayes, 77; LWH to BAH, March 26 [1879]. RBHL.
48 Davison, Hayes, 71.
49 Laura Platt Mitchell to Fanny and Scott Hayes, October 17, 1880. RBHL .
50 RBH to Albert English, July 14, 1892. RBHL.
51 RBH to LWH, October 4, 1870. RBHL.
52 Emily Apt Geer, "Lucy Webb Hayes: An Unexceptionable Woman" (Ph.D. diss., Case Western Reserve University, 1962), 260, 265.
53 Addresses by Mrs. Hayes, In Memoriam: Lucy Webb Hayes (Cincinnati Woman's Home Missionary Society, 1890), 83.
54 Ibid., 85.
55 Ibid., 100-101.
56 Lucy E. Keeler, "Account of the Last Hours of Lucy W. Hayes," manuscript written at the request of R. B. Hayes. RBHL
57 Webb C. Hayes to Elizabeth Tod, July 5, 1889. Draft in RBHL.
58 Foraker, I Would Live It Again, 74-75. The newspaper correspondent, Austine Snead (Miss Grundy), told Hayes that Mrs. Bancroft had never seen anyone so well fitted to be mistress of the White House as Lucy Hayes. RBH Diary, September 1, 1885. RBHL
59 Thomas F. Pendel, Thirty-Six Years in the White House (Washington: Neal Publishing Co., 1902), 93.
60 Geer, "Lucy Webb Hayes," 225, 261-262.
61 Emily Edson Briggs, The Olivia Letters: Being Some History of Washington City for Forty Years as Told by the Letters of a Newspaper Correspondent (New York: Neal Publishing Co., 1906).
62 "Mrs. Rutherford B. Hayes," Woman's Home Missions, August, 1889, 114.
63 Washington Post, January 8, 1879.
64 Elizabeth C. Stanton, Susan B. Anthony, Matilda J. Gage, eds. History of Woman Suffrage, Vol. III, 1876-1885 (Rochester, N.Y.: Charles Mann, 1877), n. 129.
65 The National Republican, January 14, 1879.
66 Hayes Diary, April 27, 1870. RBHL
67 E. C. Stanton to Theodore Roosevelt, October 25, 1902. Included in Theodore Stanton and Harriet Stanton Blatch, eds., Elizabeth Cady Stanton As Revealed in Her Letters, Diary, and Reminiscences (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1922) II, 368.
68 David Thelen, "Rutherford B. Hayes and the Reform Tradition in the Gilded Age," American Quarterly (Summer, 1970), 152.
69 LWH to Susan B. Anthony, February 1, 1888, RBHL.
70 LWH memorandum to officers of WHMS, ca. 1888. RBHL
71 Letters from Jennie McCann to LWH, November 22, 1877, February 12, 1878, August 13, 1878, December 14, 1878, June 3, 1879; LWH to General Schurz, November 10 [1880]. RBHL.
72 Barnard, Hayes and His America, 488.
73 Wittke, "Schurz and Hayes," 350.


text:
Clark playing a sunburst version of his favorite guitar, the Epiphone Casino, on "Please Come Home" at Lollapalooza 2012 in Chicago's Grant Park. Photo by Chris Kies
These days you've got a pretty
killer band behind you when
you're on the road—Eric Zapata
[guitar], Johnny Bradley [bass],
and Johnny Radelat [drums]—
but in a way you've also been
your own band, right?
That started when I moved out of my parents' house and got my own apartment. Instead of buying furniture, I bought drums and an 8-track recorder and keyboards and turntables—anything musical, that's what I wanted. I just started collecting instruments. I had two roommates who were going to college, so they would go to school all day and I would sit there and bang around. And right around when I was 19, I started to get really familiar with what was going on in my head, and then hearing it back on tape, and trying to lay that down and translate it. It all started to make sense then.
When did you first feel like
you were getting your own
sound together and doing your
own thing as a guitar player?
It's definitely an ongoing process, but I think when I was around 20 or so is when it really started coming together. I was recording my own stuff outside of the blues "genre," I guess. That's when I quit covering T-Bone Walker and Freddie King and all that. I strayed away from straight-ahead blues for a while, and started getting into people like Shuggie Otis and Cody Chesnutt. [Otis'] Inspiration Information changed my whole perspective on what you could do with the guitar. That whole psychedelic thing was funky and raw, cool and soulful, and just very outside the box.
It comes from Curtis Mayfield too, definitely, but basically it got to the point where I said, "Okay, I can get through fine on lead, so let's play some rhythm guitar now," you know? You can play a lead for 25 minutes, but it's a different thing to get that timing and tone and feel and groove going. So it's an ongoing process.
What was your first guitar?
It was an Ibanez RX20. It has two humbuckers, black with the white pickguard, and a maple neck. I wanted the "Little Wing" tone right away. I didn't understand why, and, of course, a little bit later I was like, "Well, you need a Stratocaster." I got one eventually and I still have it—it's actually an American Squier. This guy came to a show at Joe's Generic Bar down on Sixth Street in Austin. I was maybe 15, and he says, "I'm gonna send you something— give me your address." And sure enough he sends me this American Squier Strat! I think it's an '89 or a '90, whenever they were making them here.
Funny you should mention
"Little Wing," because of its
connection to Jimi Hendrix
and Stevie Ray Vaughan. How
did you first discover them?
Well, a friend of mine down the street heard that I was playing guitar, and one day he was like, "Check this out," and he gave me The Ultimate Experience CD. It's the green and purple one with Jimi on the cover, and he's standing there with a cool military jacket and scarf—really trippedout. So I got back home and put it on the headphones first, and that changed everything. I'd never heard anything like that really. It was crazy. He definitely takes you to a different place mentally. I'd never heard sounds or lyrics or chords like that before—the tension, the resolution, the mind-bending—from the first few songs, it completely flipped a switch. I felt like I'd been missing something for a long time.
And along with that Hendrix CD, I got Texas Flood the same day. I mean, you can't really play anywhere in Austin without Stevie Ray Vaughan being part of the conversation. He's just so major. You can't pick up a guitar as a kid in Austin and not know his music—at least, I think that. If it's not that way, it should be. He's so influential. Stevie and his brother Jimmie, and Derek O'Brien, too—the list goes on. When you're in Austin, these are the people whose music you have to know.
Gary Clark Jr. sat in with several artists at the Crossroads Guitar Festival in 2010, including with the man himself, Mr. Eric Clapton. Photo by Chris Kies
What was it about Jimi's
"Third Stone from the Sun" in
particular that pulled you in?
I was just drawn into it—the spoken dialogue, the sound effects, the slap-back delay, and the whole spaceship-landing thing. It was one of the coolest things I'd ever heard in my life, so it always stuck with me. Playing it just came from us jamming around town—I think it was Jay Moeller [drums] and James Bullard [bass] with me at the time. I'd just go into something and they followed, and over the years it turned into what we do now.
And, in fact, a lot of the way we play is based on just seeing how things go. That's always been a fun way to experiment, and onstage you get that energy sometimes. It can be really great, or sometimes people look at you like, "What the hell are you doing?" And that's how you know. That's how I started to engage with what's really going on out there. Years and years of trial and error have gotten us to where we are at this point.
How did you first get hold of
the Epiphone Casino?
I was guitar shopping with my friend [Eric] Zapata, who plays guitar in the band. I think I just really wanted a hollowbody. And I like the P-90s—the sound and the look of them—so I just came to the conclusion that I wanted a Casino. We rode around town and ended up at this spot, and I was looking at the natural ones. Zapata said, "Try the red one!" and I was like, "No man—that's a bit bold, don't you think?" And he was like, "Just try it, man— that's the one!" Sure enough I plugged it in, A/B'd them—the natural and the cherry red—and the cherry was just screaming at me like, "You know I'm the shit. I'm the one!" When I got back to the house and plugged it into my rig, it was like I'd just been waiting for that sound.
What is it about the tone of
those P-90s that really packs
a punch?
Well, you can flip it on the neck and it's dark, round, and bold. It's really slick and sexy if you want to go there, and you can get that treble in the bridge if you want a bite. The range is just so broad. It's the most versatile axe I've ever picked up, and it's light, so it won't break my back. And it might be annoying at points, but I love how it feeds back when you crank it up. It's also fun to sit there unplugged and just play. It has a great tone and resonance.
Are there players who have
played that particular guitar
that may have inspired you to
pick it up? Didn't Otis Rush
play a Casino, for example?
Yeah, and I think he also played the Epiphone Riviera. Have you ever seen the American Folk Blues Festival footage? He plays "I Can't Quit You Baby"—just some lowdown blues on the Epiphone. That's so sick. I think I want one of those. And later on, you know, the Beatles recorded with the Casino. They made some okay records too [laughs]. But also I just like the look of it. It's just a beauty to look at.
What's your main amp
these days?
Lately I've been using a Fender Vibro-King. Zapata gave me my first one, and he's the one who got me to jump in with both feet on the whole hollowbody thing, so a lot of that's from him. There's just something about the three speakers in the Vibro-King that got me. It breaks up just enough at the right volume. It's crunchy but it can be real sweet to you, and the reverb on it is killer—the vibrato, too.
You've got a few pedals in
your arsenal, too.
I've got a Fulltone Octafuzz and a Real McCoy wah-wah, and I've got a couple of Analog Man pedals—an Astro Tone Fuzz and their new [ARDX20] delay. Zapata kind of snuck that one on my rig. It has the expression pedal, too, so you can adjust the time of the sweep. I think those options can help express certain feelings and certain attitudes, and I'm always looking for new ways to do that. It's exciting because there's so much out there that I don't even know about—the whole thing's an adventure.
What was it like working
with Mike Elizondo and Rob
Cavallo on Blak and Blu?
It's been very new to me. Rob's got the aggressive, loud, harder sounds on the album. "Numb" was actually with Mike, but on "Bright Lights," that was with Rob. And he's all about guitars—loud and fast. When it comes to Mike, he can really relate on grooves and textures— soulful R&B stuff. He's got that from playing bass with Dr. Dre. So he had an understanding of where I come from, but it was broad and diverse, as far as points of view were concerned. Our heads were all in it together. I learned a lot from making this record, and I had to let go of a lot of stuff, too.
For the basic tracks on
"Numb," you and Mike and
J.J. Johnson all played together
live as a power trio, right?
Yeah. We were all in the room at Can-Am [Studios] in Tarzana [California]. It was great. Mike has everything—Pro Reverbs, AC30s, Marshalls—he had all kinds of amps. I think there were two or three fuzz pedals on that song, too. Mike was on his hands and knees like, "Check this one out! Check that out!" But I've really gotta give it up to him. I don't think I really knew that he was so into guitar tones. It was definitely like being a bunch of little kids putting Legos together!
Gary Clark Jr.'s Gear
Epiphone Casino, Gibson ES-335, Gibson acoustics
Fender Vibro-King
Fulltone Octafuzz, Real McCoy wah-wah, Analog Man Astro Tone Fuzz, Analog Man ARDX20 delay, Prescription Electronics Experience pedal (on the album)
So who are you listening to now?
Otis Redding, Parliament—actually I just got this Eddie Hazel record yesterday. I haven't really explored Eddie Hazel as I should, but from what I've heard so far, he's just doing some fierce, powerful, psychedelic guitar playing. It's some funky-heavy blues—I mean, my dad played that stuff all the time. But I'm doing a little research on him, so I'll get back to you on that.
I've been listening to stuff that's all over the place though. I mean, I've been riding around in a van for a few months with a bunch of dudes, so we'll put on anything from hip-hop stuff to Little Dragon to Radiohead to Bob Marley and the Wailers, Nina Simone—a lot of different things, man. With all the music, I'm just trying to soak it up and let it go. I try not to think about it too much, and just let it happen and have fun, you know?

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Biodiversity Training Programme
The ecosystem approach as embraced in the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) points at the subtle relationship between conservation, sustainable use, and fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising from genetic resources. It seeks to satisfy both ecological and human needs in the future, while its modality is comprehensive, integrated, and across time lapse. Though endorsed by many international conventions and decisions, and in spite of the continuous work to conceptualize it, the ecosystem approach needs further operational tools to be appropriately implemented.
In order to address these requirements, UNITAR Hiroshima and its Faculty developed the Training Series on Biodiversity with a three-dimensional approach:
- a focus on water resources and wetland management, to make best use of the workshop venue and the vital tool for ecosystem management--water
- a focus on socio-policy aspects and development of appropriate methodologies to enable participants to acquire applicable and ready-to-use knowledge
- utilization of lessons-learned and best practice approaches to enhance participants' own thinking as to how best to apply the ecosystem tools to their own contexts
Launched in 1998 and having a large alumni network of over 200 experts, the series has gained reference and recognition in Asia and the Pacific. In its workshops, the series addressed pressing global questions including biodiversity and climate change.
Learning Objectives
Each training programme has its own specific theme focus. Generally, after completing a training programme participants will be able to:
- Outline methodology and tools for strategic project planning
- Describe the latest innovative approaches and lessons-learnt
- Illustrate ecosystem management approaches and principles
- Outline best practice for biodiversity management
- Discuss future challenges facing ecosystems
- Demonstrate effective ecosystem management techniques.
The training programme is based on a blended-learning participatory approach and includes:
Interactive Lectures and Group Exercises
Interactive lectures are facilitated by key Resource Persons who examine the themes of the Workshop from a broad theoretical perspective down to case studies examining real world implementation. These presentations are augmented by small group exercises and frequent discussions from the floor, which
serve to contextualise the issues being examined.
After-Action Reviews
Representing a key component of the Workshop, after-action reviews takes place within groups at the start of each morning, discussing the main issues raised in the previous presentations, as well as the specific frames of reference as applied to these by participants.
Study Tours
Underscoring the theoretical introductions and analysis presented, study tours form an integral part of the training methodologies utilised by UNITAR. Participants are able to relate to what has been seen and discussed in the training programme with actual examples of policy development and implementation.
Training the Trainer
A focus is made throughout the training sessions to relate the learning being facilitated to the realities on the ground. In addition, each participant is empowered to recreate the training upon their return to their organisation in order to achieve a self-propagating legacy of skills development.
Project Completion Reports
The UNITAR Hiroshima Biodiversity Training Programme has been successfully delivered on the following themes:
Training Workshop on Biodiversity and Climate Change
29 June - 4 July 2008; Kushiro, Japan – Executive Summary
Mountain and Forest Ecosystems: Challenges, Issues and Ways Forward
13-14 August 2007; Dehradun, India - Executive Summary
Training Workshop on Ecosystem, Water and Biodiversity
27-31 August 2006; Kushiro, Japan– Executive Summary
Training Workshop on New Tools for the Ecosystem Management
29 November - 3 December 2004; Kushiro, Japan– Executive Summary


text:
- 96-01-02-a039344a
- Stuk
- [ca. 199-]
Part of Reverend Thomas Crosby fonds
Image depicts canoes, house, house posts, and totem poles on a shoreline in Masset, Haida Gwaii, B. C. Handwritten inscription on the verso reads "This is a Indian Village in Masset B. C. at the turn of the century. As you can see there are a lot of wooden shacks, totem poles and canoes. it is a very wild and remote area [redacted]. grandfather Crosby used to travel to these remoat [sic] villages by canoe." Image appears to be reproduction of a039351.


text:
Ólöf Arnald's third full-length album (and her first solely in English), Sudden Elevation provides many wistful moments and solemn parades through the slings and arrows of romance. And yet the sparse musical minimalism that should underscore the majesty of her melodies instead shows them to totter between realizing doing so and being merely passable.
Sudden Elevation walks to the path of folk music as historical document, be it of the last 30 years or the fifteenth century. When Ólöf decides to turn through the centuries there's magic; guitar lines descend and resonate with cadences seldom heard and compositions march with a monastic solemnity that demands deference.
'Return Again' could have been performed in the presence of Henry VIII and would have beguiled the court. The sparse instrumentation lilts beautifully and Ólöf's voice rings with sadness. Her melodies bobble with insecurity and the chorus refrain is a touching lament for a lover never present. Soft violins play counterpoint to her exasperation with stirring purpose, casting a sad sad spell.
This is followed by the Joni Mitchell-style 12-string twang of 'Treat Her Kindly' where these very same musical components that struck so poignantly in 'Return Again' feel insignificant, frivolous and ineffective. There's nothing that connects and unsurprisingly nothing that can touch the green and browns of California and the Laurel Canyon that Mitchell summoned.
But if Arnald's MO is not to merely signpost the past and instead to provide a sound, an approach or a story that feels contemporaneous, she's not accomplished it on this album.
But when Arnald is at her best, as in 'A Little Grim', she carries the history of her influences with a modern gusto. Personal stories are summoned from far within the teller's past; uncomfortable in their genesis yet retold with pride of the wisdom and emotional depth they bestowed. "It's all a little grim" Arnald opens, "I know it may sound familiar/I find myself in your place". Under her a guitar plucks lethargically; the choruses are hazy dreams that drift from the dilemma and angelic harmonies are brief moments of hope before the verses cloud over once more. In 'Numbers And Names' she sprites through fields of soft strums and nothing else; everything is upward facing, carefree, satisfying.
Yet for three very fine compositions there is too much pink-plonk that might only grab you in a live setting, where her presence and downward gaze can add a million colours and motions. But this record is not the right stage for her kaleidoscope of sadness and hope. On this record it's all too common for the songs to merely float by, neither enticing you to pursue nor burdening you into reflection, which is a shame as Ólöf is more than capable of writing stunning songs.
Listen to the album
6Jon Falcone's Score


text:
Unprecedented data operation was a major factor in the president's re-election.
TUCSON, ARIZ. — President Barack Obama's re-election last week wasn't just a win for Democrats — it was also a victory for big data, according to Mark Halperin, senior political analyst for Time magazine and MSNBC.
Halperin, speaking Monday at e.Republic's annual leadership retreat in Tucson, called Obama's re-election effort the most technologically sophisticated campaign ever run, helping the president to prevail despite the sluggish economy, a rocky relationship with business leaders and rabid Republican Party opposition. Advanced data mining techniques were used to pinpoint Obama supporters — particularly women and immigrants — and then the campaign shrewdly used social media to ensure that those voters went to the polls.
"The Obama campaign targeted the nine states that were competitive, and they engaged in a very focused effort to get the majority of votes in those states," said Halperin. "In almost every one of those states, they hit their targets perfectly."
He said the campaign purchased all of the commercial data it could find, and then supplemented that information with data collected by field staff that went door-to-door. Purchased data and field staff findings were fed into a single massive database that was mined to produce a remarkably precise road map for success.
"They knew the election would be very close, but they knew they were going to win" Halperin said. "They were down to the household and individual level. They knew who their voters were."
Republicans, besides having a political message that didn't appeal to many women and minority voters, found themselves badly outgunned on the technology front. "Three months ago, Obama had more people doing technology than Mitt Romney had in total working on his campaign," Halperin said. "It's the largest operation of its type ever put together."
Given Obama's surprisingly strong finish in last week's election — including victories in all but one of the nine "battleground" states — Halperin expects the president to work out a deal with legislative leaders to avoid the looming fiscal cliff, which would trigger tax increases and federal budget cuts in early 2013 if left unresolved. Ultimately, he said, Obama also may have a good chance at reviving some version of last year's failed "grand bargain," aimed at reducing the federal budget deficit by trimming entitlement spending and increasing revenue collection.
"I'm optimistic the president can do this," Halperin said. Although the deal is likely to lean Democratic, he said there is support in Washington and among business leaders for a deficit deal that avoids the extremes on either side of the political spectrum. "The president needs to act in a bipartisan way, and if he can get this done, it will unfreeze a lot of other things."
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text:
- October 4, 2014
- 10:00 am to 5:30 pm
California Institute of Integral Studies
1453 Mission Street
San Francisco, CA 94103
Since the 1940s, auditory stimulation has been used for the re-education of the ear. This field has grown to include methods that address listening and learning disabilities, including dyslexia, attention deficit disorders, speech problems, and poor reading comprehension and communication skills. This workshop explores the research on and clinical applications of the Tomatis Method and related auditory stimulation technologies used nationwide in learning centers, schools, clinics, and homes. The workshop includes lecture, audiovisual presentations, and demonstrations; individual, dyad, and group exercises; and discussions. Participants will learn about both indigenous and traditional cross-cultural therapeutic techniques and sound/music repertoires used in Western healthcare settings today. Emphasis will be placed on transcultural themes and the needs of a multiethnic client/patient population. Students will investigate how sound and music are used as diagnostic tools, healing agents, and connectors to spiritual domains.
Pat Moffitt Cook, PhD, FAMI, CCMHP, is the founder and director of the Open Ear Center on Bainbridge Island, Santa Fe. She has pioneered the use of cross-cultural sound and music in healthcare. Her doctoral work in music paralleled extensive practical training and certification in methods of auditory stimulation, sensory integration (Tomatis Method), and guided imagery and music. She is the author and producer of the book and CD, Music Healers of Indigenous Cultures: Shaman, Jhankri, and Nele; and the CD Brainwave Symphony.
Saturdayn & Sunday
October 4-5, 2014
CIIS Main Building
$245/$265/$285 (when one price tier sells out, that tier is close)
Become a Member and save up to 20%!


text:
November was a pretty low key month with me trying to take it easy and being super sick and throwing up all evening every evening.
We did venture out one night on a double date to the BYU basketball game to sit court side and have dinner and everything. We brought Neil and Rebecca with us. I felt sick the entire time but was able to hold off throwing up until we got home. Ugh, the joys of morning sickness.
Some beautiful flowers a neighbor brought over. We seriously have the best ward/neighborhood you could ever ask for.
Kallie set up a romantic dinner for me and Brandon.
A note Kallie left by Mckinley's bedroom door. So sweet!
Tyler and Kallie posing and drawing each other. Ha ha. I love these two. They play together all day every day and I'm so grateful they entertain each other so well. Tyler does pretty well always being surrounded by girls, poor thing.
Another night we ventured out was when Lincoln and Megan invited us to go to the University Mall when they were turning on their Christmas lights. It was freezing and once again I felt like crap the whole time but at least our kids got to make a few memories in the month of November.
This is Ava's cute begging face. She does it all the time, anytime she wants anything that you originally say no to.
I took the three littles out for smoothies. We get two smoothies split into four cups and it's perfect because Kallie and Ava never finish theirs so I get plenty!
Kallie and Tyler got to go to a fun birthday party at Classic Skating.
Tyler lost his first tooth at the end of November!
This little cutie pie has us all wrapped around her finger. She is such a good kid. She's been the best sleeper ever since she was just weeks old. Sleeps almost 12 hours at night and takes a good 3 hour nap during the day. She is so fun to be with and totally plays with the big kids all the time and does just fine. She talks sooo much and it's so fun to see all the new words she learns every day.
My mom invited us to a night in Bethlehem. The kids learned how to weave baskets, weave rugs, make lamps out of clay, saw some animals, and a little production of the nativity. Ava has been asking ever since to go see Mary and the baby Jesus again.


text:
I've always been one of those kids who was involved in everything — clubs, sports, student government, a sorority. Over the years, the t-shirts from all of my activities have really piled up and I'm always on the lookout for a good t-shirt project. I hate to just throw them all away, in part because there is meaning behind each one and in part because I think jersey knit is one of the coolest fabrics to work with. You can cut it and it won't fray, it curls up in weird little ways, and it's stretchy.
With the inspirational wonderland that is Pinterest, I've been finding a lot of really unique and fun projects for old t-shirts, so I decided to make a version of my own.
To make this t-shirt necklace you need:
- Old t-shirt
- Scissors
- Needle and thread (or glue if you don't want to sew)
Step 1: Cut your shirt into strips.
The first thing you need to do is cut your shirt. I chose a striped shirt so I cut at an angle so that the strips would be striped as well. If you use a solid-colored shirt, you can just cut straight across the body of the shirt. I'd recommend strips about 1'' wide, but you can always vary that to taste.
Step 2: Make your strips into loops.
If your t-shirt strips are not in loops already, (Mine weren't because I cut at an angle.) you can tie them together with little knots. I also didn't like the look of the seam stitching that came from the bottom of the shirt so I snipped those off. After you have your loops, just drape them around your neck and mess with them a bit until they look the way you want them.
Step 3: Braid strips together for the wrapped embellishment.
To make the wrapped sections around your neck, you should use some of the extra strips you have or get another shirt and add an accent color. For my braids, I cut strips of a black shirt and a white shirt and then braided them together. I didn't use strips from my striped shirt. After you have braided 2 cords, you wrap the cords around the section of your necklace where you want your embellishments. Stitch or glue the cords in place and you're done!


text:
Caution: There is risk of electrical shock. Do not connect to another relocatable power faucet or surge protector. Designed for indoor use only. This device should not be installed in wet or damp areas exposed to moisture. Not recommended for aquariums. Device must be properly connected to a grounded three-prong receptacle. Not intended for mounting on desk surface or a similar furnishing surface.
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text:
Duke And The Duke Duke It Out Over Duke Bourbon
from the dookie dept
It never stops: somehow the concept of trademark disputes and alcohol are intrinsically intertwined or something. I've always been surprised at how many trademark disputes involving beer or liquor I seem to come across, from small breweries battling egotistical families, to small breweries battling big breweries, and to small breweries battling Texas A&M (seriously...). But this one is a new one, even for me.
See apparently Duke University and the heirs of John Wayne, a.k.a. The Duke, have had something of a long Hatfields vs. Mccoys type of feud. Both entities have separate trademarks on "Duke" that mostly results in each going after the other every time either tries to expand into a different market while using the moniker. This latest go 'round is over bourbon, which I love, and Duke University is claiming that a John Wayne themed bourbon might be mistaken as a university-branded bourbon.
A federal lawsuit filed last week is the latest salvo in a long-running legal duel between the North Carolina university and California-based John Wayne Enterprises over commercial products featuring the name. The late actor used the moniker since childhood, when he adopted the name of the family dog. Lawyers for the university say allowing the Wayne estate to use the name could cause confusion and "diminish, dilute and tarnish" the value of the name, for which both parties hold trademarks.And you can see Duke University's point. After all, their logo...
...is strikingly similar to the proposed logo for Duke Bourbon...
I can just sense all of you scratching your heads in concentration as you try to determine whether or not those two brands are related. Here's a crazy thought: maybe the fact that the bourbon label doesn't include the word "university", has a completely different color scheme, shows the damned picture and signature of one of the most famous movie stars in the history of cinema, and even has the state of Kentucky make a cameo, while Duke University is in North Carolina, all means that the likelihood of confusion is essentially null, void, and damn it why do we have to have this stupid conversation?
The most likely scenario is one where these two entities are so used to just going legal every time one of them does anything with the word "Duke" that they can't help themselves any longer. They're just feuding to feud at this point, which would be fine except that isn't the purpose of trademark law and it sets a crappy example for everyone else to follow. You'd think an institution like Duke University would be better than that.
Filed Under: bourbon, duke, john wayne, trademark
Companies: duke


text:
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Lies We Tell Ourselves
How deception leads to self-deception
In Andrew Lloyd Webber's 1970 rock opera Jesus Christ Superstar, a skeptical Judas Iscariot questions with faux innocence ("Don't you get me wrong/I only want to know") the messiah's deific nature: "Jesus Christ Superstar/Do you think you're what they say you are?"
Although I am skeptical of Jesus' divine parentage, I believe he would have answered Judas's query in the affrmative. Why? Because of what the legendary evolutionary theorist Robert Trivers calls "the logic of deceit and self-deception" in his new book The Folly of Fools (Basic Books, 2011). Here's how it works: A selfish-gene model of evolution dictates that we should maximize our reproductive success through cunning and deceit. Yet the dynamics of game theory shows that if you are aware that other contestants in the game will also be employing similar strategies, it behooves you to feign transparency and honesty and lure them into complacency before you defect and grab the spoils. But if they are like you in anticipating such a shift in strategy, they might pull the same trick, which means you must be keenly sensitive to their deceptions and they of yours. Thus, we evolved the capacity for deception detection, which led to an arms race between deception and deception detection. (continue reading…)


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Your Action Needed: Support Charitable Giving - (May 2, 2011)
Tax and Deficit Debates Endanger Charitable Giving Incentives
Washington, D.C. - As the momentum for tax reform and deficit reduction increases, Congress is considering proposals to curtail or eliminate the income tax deduction for gifts to 501(c)(3) organizations, including the nonprofit arts. Congress must fully understand the impact on charitable giving before taking action, and should protect giving incentives that support the valuable community services provided by the full range of nonprofit organizations.
- The President's FY12 budget proposal to limit deductibility for charitable gifts to 28% for higher income tax payers could reduce charitable giving by as much as $7 billion per year.
- Far too little is known about what the impact on giving might be under the proposal by the President's Commission on Fiscal Responsibility, which recommends replacing the charitable deduction with a 12% credit for charitable gifts that exceed 2% of an individual's adjusted gross income.
- Altogether eliminating the deduction for charitable gifts would produce an estimated 25 to 36% decrease in annual giving.
- This is the first in a series of League alerts you will recieve as Congressional action builds during the summer, and we will keep you posted as specific proposals gain traction. In the meantime, here are three easy steps for your orchestra to take:
1. Contact Congress: The League has set up an e-advocacy campaign with a sample letter to Congress, talking points, and complete background on this pivotal policy issue. Please contact your members of Congress today to let them know how your orchestra serves the public, and how essential charitable giving is to that work. Be sure to personalize your message with details about your orchestra. Policymakers have been surprised to learn that orchestras count on contributions for roughly 40% of the revenue that enables them to serve communities through music.
2. Invite Elected Officials to See Your Orchestra in Action: Check our Congressional Recess Calendar to learn when your members of Congress are likely to be home, and invite them to see your programs in action. No form of advocacy is as effective as providing policymakers with the opportunity to experience firsthand the community benefit your orchestra provides.
3. Keep Us Informed: The League is directly representing orchestras in key meetings on Capitol Hill, in close partnership with the broader nonprofit and philanthropic community. Please be in touch to tell us about your interactions with members of Congress.
The League is a member of the Performing Arts Alliance, a coalition of national performing arts service organizations dedicated to advocating for national policies that recognize, enhance, and foster the contributions the performing arts make to America


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Computers made our lives easy & Laptops made them easier. Computer is the biggest invention till date. With the advancement of use of computers since a long time, the mobilization of computer came into existence.With the continued miniaturization of computers, and advancements in portable battery life, portable computers grew in popularity.
This brings Laptops to light which run on a variety of operating systems and have become the dominant part of today's market. OurShopee is one such marketplace where you can find Computers, Laptops & their Accessories in a single click. We have PCs, Laptops & Notebooks in all the sizes & Capacity. We deal in Brands like Dell, Lenovo, Apple, Toshiba, HP etc.


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Spring Festival of 2018 in shenzhen as 'the most popular transit city' home guest hotel into a new trend
Date: 2018-02-04
The Spring Festival home have bought the tickets?Travel one ticket is hard to find, there are also many people think that transit home is a good choice.Recently, ctrip hotel combined with large data module, the hotel reservation during the Spring Festival, issued travel "the most popular top ten transit city".Among them, shenzhen top, guiyang, kunming and other places are also shown the top three.
"A lot of transit transfer interval more than six hours of passengers, favour around in the city railway station or airport waiting for the time spent in the hotel."The relevant person in charge of ctrip hotel that in some cities, heating return family celebrate the Spring Festival in hotel choice, has become a new trend in these two years.
The transit city hotel fire low star hotel reservation has soared
It is understood that the Spring Festival in 2018 "the ten transit city" of the most popular list, the spring migration to more than 300 million users footprint is analyzed, according to data of shenzhen, guangzhou, chongqing, guiyang, kunming, zhengzhou, xi 'an, nanchang, shenyang, wuhan into the top ten, mainly in the south.
"Since there is no direct train, or from the airport to small airport, a lot of people in the city transit transfer interval more than six hours, therefore, more and more transit passengers choose in the hotel, spend waiting, waiting time."The controller introduces, 10 most popular transit city railway station, the perimeter of the airport low star hotel has been particularly hot, bookings are shot up during the Spring Festival.


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Anglers asked to 'tell all' on fishing habits
Fish & Game officers are preparing to quiz over 1000 anglers about their fishing habits on Opening Day, as the new fishing season (October 1) – gets underway on the Rotorua lakes.
Right: Fish & Game's Mark Sherburn weighs a fish on Opening Day.
Lakes Tarawera, Okataina and Rotoiti will reopen after a three month shutdown for spawning over winter, with more than 1200 anglers expected to try their luck.
Fish & Game Officers use Opening Day as a major data-gathering opportunity.
They stake out boat ramps and take to the water to survey hundreds of anglers on their fishing success and methods, and weigh and measure fish.
This season the lure of a fish with a $25,000 prize tag may push numbers up.
"That one very lucky fish is one of 40 fitted with red tags released into the lakes earlier this month in the Fish for Gold promotion.
"So it's a real nail biter to see whether one of the 1200 anglers who've entered Fish for Gold can hook it by the deadline, " says Fish & Game Officer Matt Osborne.
We expect that Lake Okataina will continue the trend seen over the last few seasons and produce the largest fish, due to favourable growing conditions and lower angling pressure, he says, with Lake Rotoiti producing the second biggest fish on average.
Across in the Auckland/Waikato Region, anglers have been urged to consider the lower Waikato River, as a great trout fishery if the water temperature is still below 19°C.
"Trout migrate to the Lower Waikato from all over the Waipa catchment to feed on smelt and other small fish during the spring and early summer," says Fisheries Manager Dr Adam Daniel.
"The lower Waikato is one of the most underused stretches of river in the region with great trout fishing in and around Hamilton for both boat and bank anglers."
If the opener happens to be wet the region also has some great spring creeks that are a good alternative when other rivers are unfishable, he adds.
Taranaki Fish & Game is tipping local trout streams to be in good condition for the new fishing season.
Field Officer Allen Stancliff says the region's trout fisheries have come through an El Nino weather pattern pretty well unscathed, and the latest freshes have ensured streams are in good order for early season fishing.
Rivers such as the Waingongoro in south Taranaki hold good numbers of brown and rainbow trout and should fish well with spin gear. "The Patea River in the reach between Stratford and Toko will also produce some nice brown trout and the occasional rainbow."
Mr Stancliff says if river conditions are unsuitable, then fishing in lakes Ratapiko, Opunake, Rotomanu and Lake Mangamahoe (fly fishing only) will be well worthwhile.
Further south, the new season is shaping up to be a "cracker" in the Wellington Fish & Game region.
"We've largely had benign winter conditions, with no major floods, which means the fish stocks have had a good chance to recover from the arduous spawning period and any angling pressure last season," says Manager Phil Teal.
He says Wellington anglers are being reminded that "they've got an amazing trout fishery right on their doorstep in the Hutt River.
"Drift dive surveys from last summer show the trout population and size of the fish continues to be right up there with the best New Zealand has to offer."
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With a potential merger in the woks at Pearson Hardman (or rather, just Pearson for now), tensions are running high on the Suits Season 2 finale, and perhaps no one is more perturbed than Louis.
On Thursday's episode (10/9c, USA), Louis (Rick Hoffman) will meet his British equivalent, Nigel Nesbitt (guest star Adam Godley), as the British firm prepares to make a merger offer to Jessica (Gina Torres). That means Nigel has been in Pearson's HQ... and all up in Donna's business? (Not like that!)
15 canceled shows you want to bring back"You let that man inside your cubicle!" Louis tells Donna (Sarah Rafferty ) in our exclusive sneak peek below. "I have never crossed the boundary of your cubicle and should that honor be bestowed upon me, at least I'd be gentleman enough to keep it between us."Don't worry — Donna will explain herself, but that's not the only major Louis story line in the finale. Rachel (Meghan Markle) will try to recruit Harvard "grad" Mike (Patrick J. Adams) to help her expose Louis' relationship with Sheila, which is what Louis told her led to her rejection last week. Mike has bigger fish to fry, though, as he tries to help Harvey (Gabriel Macht) prevent the merger."There's blackmailing involved, and someone will lose ... and that'll set up Season 3," creator Aaron Korsh tells TVGuide.com. "A lot of times it seems like we've won, but we end up losing, and this is similar."Oh, and what about those promos teasing Mike possibly revealing his secret to Rachel? "We decided how we would continue that, if he'll tell her or not, at the beginning of the season, and that didn't change," Korsh teases.Check out the sneak peek. Suits airs Thursday at 10/9c on USA.


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Before BCS title win, Jameis Winston was kicked out of practice
NEWPORT BEACH, Calif. >> Florida State coach Jimbo Fisher was thrilled with the way Jameis Winston ran the two-minute drill to win the BCS national championship.
That wasn't the case leading up to the big game.
Fisher says he kicked the Heisman Trophy-winning quarterback out of the final practice before the Seminoles left Florida to travel to California.
Fisher says he took issue with how Winston was performing during a two-minute drill and sent the quarterback to the locker room.
"The thing about two-minute that you've got to be real careful of, it's not about you," Fisher said Tuesday. "You can get so involved that you're going to win the game - the key is to use all the weapons around you. He did that in that game."
"The mindset that you have to have, which he had all year, I just saw it drifting," he said.
On Monday night, Winston led the top-ranked Seminoles on an 80-yard drive inside the Rose Bowl. He threw a 2-yard touchdown pass with 13 seconds left to beat No. 2 Auburn 34-31 and finish off a perfect season for Florida State.


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In many examples from the 16th and 17th centuries it is difficult to say in what particular sense the writer intended it to be taken. [OED]By 1926, it was pronounced "too great a favorite with the ladies, who have charmed out of it all its individuality and converted it into a mere diffuser of vague and mild agreeableness." [Fowler]
"I am sure," cried Catherine, "I did not mean to say anything wrong; but it is a nice book, and why should I not call it so?"
"Very true," said Henry, "and this is a very nice day, and we are taking a very nice walk; and you are two very nice young ladies. Oh! It is a very nice word indeed! It does for everything." [Jane Austen, "Northanger Abbey," 1803]
[ nice 造句 ]


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By Stanislav Plutenko
My Whole Life is Full of Jokes
Arrr! See CONTENTS for links to the 125 chapters of The Monstaville Memoirs plus introductions, conclusions, postscripts and appendices. This treasure trove also includes a collection of articles offering further insights into the themes explored in the trilogy. Namely, managing suffering and conflict (dealing with hostile people if you are nervous, sensitive or shy) and learning not to react


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Two-Dimensional Scattering Matrix Simulations of Si MOSFET'S
Published on
For many years now, solid state device simulators have been based on the drift-diffusion equations. As transistor sizes have been reduced, there has been considerable concern about the predictive capability of these simulators. This concern has lead to the development of a number of simulation techniques based on better approximations to the Boltzmann transport equation, or on the Boltzmann transport equation itself. The Scattering Matrix Approach is one of the techniques that solves the Boltzmann transport equation. This thesis describes the extension of the Scattering Matrix Approach to two dimensions in real space and three dimensions in momentum space. The technique has been applied to number of model problems for verification, as well as realistic Si MOSFET's.
Carl R. Huster received his PhD from Purdue University in May 2000.
Cite this work
Researchers should cite this work as follows:
Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN


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Baby Snatcher or Baby Abductor Costume Photo 6 of 7
Rate this costume:
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This homemade costume for boys entered our 2014 Halloween Costume Contest.
A word from Danielle, the 'Baby Snatcher or Baby Abductor' costume creator:
My son, Jake, loves optical illusion costumes. He hasn't had a store bought costume since he was 3. He wanted it to look like a Halloween ghoul was taking him away. As we were looking... Read more »


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And here it is folks, despite all his blustering about shooting for an "R Rating", word has spread today that "Terminator Salvation" will be PG-13. Keep in mind that the source of this is an affiliated Pizza Hut site that's doing cross promotion, so I suppose it's possible they got it wrong. But it looks pretty official to me. I would expect some type of PR announcement soon considering all the coverage this story is getting.
Today's awesome indie title: "Destined to be Ingested". Do I care what it's about? Not really, but I'm guessing cannibals.
Jennifer Lynch talks about "Hisss", her "love story-action-comedy-musical-creature feature", which also happens to star a Bollywood actress in some sort of hot human/serpent hybrid costume. This is David Lynch's daughter after all, did you expect it to make sense?
Win a walk-on role on "The Crazies" remake through an auction. Just remember, if it turns out like "Friday the 13th", you're there for eternity, people!
Kyle Gallner, from "The Haunting in Connecticut" is now officially cast in the "Nightmare on Elm St." remake. He will be playing "Quentin", who also happens to be a podcaster. He was really solid in "HIC", so I would say that BGH is officially on board with this news.


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The Carpenter
1. A child was sent from heaven; in purity he came.
He walked the earth in common clothes; not many knew his name.
His hands grew worn and calloused, but those hands stretched out with love.
The Master of the workbench was the Master from above.
2. He smoothed a rough board's surface like he smoothed the angry sea.
He healed the broken pieces like he healed a lame man's feet.
The carpenter from Galilee built more than wood or clay.
He shaped the people's hearts and souls; His message lives today.
3. The carpenter was hated; His fame had spread abroad.
They placed long thorns upon his head; they beat him with a rod.
The last wood that the Master touched was a cross on Calvary.
My Savior's final masterpiece; He gave his life for me.
Text: Jennifer Zabel
Music: Jennifer Zabel
Artist: Zabel
Album: Music Published in the Church Magazines: New Era
Composition Date: 1994-08-01
More Info: New Era
carpenter, Master, heal, calm, Jesus Christ--miracles, Jesus Christ--atonement


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Taking the mystery out of NYC's real estate world.
reddevil2 was posted on December 7th, 2011 at 5.13pm and is filed under . This entry has no comments (yet). You can follow any responses through the RSS 2.0 Feed.
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A subdural hematoma that jeopardized Eddie Yagin's MMA career may be healing faster than expected.
Yagin recently told MMAjunkie.com Radio (www.mmajunkie.com/radio) that a change in scenery has relieved him of the injury's debilitating symptoms.
The 33-year-old featherweight plans to meet with UFC doctors to see if he can be cleared to fight.
Yagin (16-5-1 MMA, 1-1 UFC) was training for a bout with Dennis Siver at UFC on FOX 5 when he woke up one morning to a severe migraine headache that prompted him to visit the hospital. After being diagnosed with the hematoma, a doctor recommended he take six months' rest to let his brain heal. (Nam Phan replaced him at the Dec. 8 event in Seattle.)
The UFC covered Yagin's medical bills as part of its accident-insurance program, and several promotion reps checked on him after his hospitalization.
Still, the staggering news prompted soul searching for Yagin, who returned to his native Hawaii from his longtime residence in San Diego to spend time with friends and family and relax.
The move turned out to be just the thing he needed, as it turns out.
"As soon as I landed, it's like my headaches were gone and everything started healing faster for me," said Yagin, who most recently outpointed Mark Hominick at UFC 145.
The fighter shortly afterward put himself to the test by running Koko Head in Oahu, Hawaii, a trail with a 10,000-foot gain in elevation.
Yagin surmised the exertion and environment might bring on another migraine, but he finished the trip with no difficulty.
"That was the first time I tried to train," he said.
Now, Yagin feels confident that he'll be able to return to the cage. So confident, in fact, that he still eyes a meeting with champ Jose Aldo, who at UFC 156 meets ex-lightweight champ Frankie Edgar.
"It's not that I'm underestimating any champion," he said. "It's just knowing what I can do, knowing my skills and being confident with that goes a long way. I'm not afraid to compete with the best in the world and show what I can do."
Yagin is also grateful for the sponsorship support he received during his ordeal from clothing company MMA Elite.
"I've been blessed to meet the MMA Elite family," he said. "They stepped up."
Now, he just needs the green light to resume his career.
MMAjunkie.com Radio broadcasts Monday-Friday at noon ET (9 a.m. PT) live from Mandalay Bay Resort & Casino's Race & Sports Book. The show is hosted by "Gorgeous" George Garcia, MMAjunkie.com lead staff reporter John Morgan and producer Brian "Goze" Garcia. For more information or to download past episodes, go to www.mmajunkie.com/radio.


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Tomorrow I will attend the first Hackergarten at Paris.
This is an event where active open-source committers can met potential contributors and help them to submit a (first) contribution.
I'll be here to help those who would like to contribute on JenkinsCI and Apache Maven.
To prepare this event I wanted to prepare a checkout of all sources and a local repository with all required dependencies to avoid to see contributors losing their time by downloading the earth with Maven or checking out Subversion (and to not be blocked if we had some network issues).
For Maven which is hosted on Subversion it is long but easy because we have a special SVN directory using svn:externals to checkout all trunks in one step : https://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/maven/trunks/
But for Jenkins with several thousands of plugins and thus git repositories it is less easy to clone all of them. Continue reading Clone all repositories from a github organization


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Difference between revisions of "JDT weaving features"
(→Running Weaving AJDT without JDT Weaving)
|Line 23:
|Line 23:
To see if the JDT Weaving plugin is properly configured:
To see if the JDT Weaving plugin is properly configured
#Create a new aspect in an AspectJ project and save.
#Create a new aspect in an AspectJ project and save.
Revision as of 20:59, 5 December 2008
Starting with version 1.6.2, AJDT will be shipped with the JDT weaving plugin. This plugin uses Equinox Aspects to weave into JDT (more specifically, the org.eclipse.jdt.core, org.eclipse.jdt.ui, and org.eclipse.jdt.debug.core plugins).
This provides an opportunity for deep integration with Eclipse in ways that were not possible before. This release introduces the following features:
- ITD-aware reconciling/eager parsing (in both Java and AJ editors, this means that red squiggles will not appear when referencing ITDs)
- ITD-aware content assist (for now only in *.aj files in AJ editors)
- ITD-aware type hierarchies (for now only super-type hierarchies can be calculated with ITD-awareness)
- Ability to search for aspect elements using standard Java search and Open Java type
For information on how to use the JDT weaving plugin to provide deep integration with plugins and editors for other Java-like languages, see JDT weaving implementation.
Weaving AJDT is only available for Eclipse 3.4. Use the update site:
Installing from this update site will automatically install Equinox Aspects from a separate update site. Additionally, the install will update your config.ini file to allow the weaving service to be enabled at startup.
Due to Bug 257178, it is currently only possible to install Weaving AJDT in the same directory that Eclipse itself is installed in.
To see if the JDT Weaving plugin is properly configured, go to
Preferences -> JDT Weaving
- Create a new aspect in an AspectJ project and save.
- Open the Open Types dialog (Ctrl-Shift-t on Windows).
- Type the name of the new aspect.
- If it appears, rejoice! The JDT weaving plugin is now working.
Uninstall Weaving AJDT in the same way you uninstall any other Eclipse feature:
Help -> Software Updates -> Installed Software
Select AJDT, and click Uninstall.... This will also uninstall Equinox Aspects and reset your config.ini to its previous state.
Running Weaving AJDT without JDT Weaving
It is possible to disable the weaving service and still run AJDT 1.6.2. However, all the advanced features will be disabled.
Go to
Preferences -> JDT Weaving
Click the button and restart the workbench. The weaving service can be restarted in the same way.
Alternatively, to disable manually, you can edit the file eclipse/configuration/config.ini. Delete the line that looks something like this: