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22 Nov 2016
FCA at "Milano AutoClassica"
- One of the most important events on the classic car scene will be staged from November 25 to 27 in Milan. FCA will be taking part with a line-up of vintage cars and current production models made by Lancia, Alfa Romeo, Abarth and Jeep.
- The spotlight will be trained on Lancia, that will be presenting fifteen past models to celebrate the brand's 110th anniversary on November 27. The theme will be dealt with in detail in the press conference on November 25, during which Roberto Giolito - FCA Head of Heritage EMEA - will be introducing the models on display and illustrating the certification and restoration services offered by the newly established Lancia Classiche programme.
- To celebrate the sixtieth anniversary of the Veloce badge, that appeared for the first time on an Alfa Romeo in 1956, visitors will see two great classics, an Alfa Romeo Giulietta Sprint Veloce and a Giulia Sprint GT Veloce, both from private collections, in addition to a new Giulia Veloce, presented for the first time in Italy after the international launch at the Paris Motor Show.
- Under the sign of the scorpion, a classic Fiat 124 Abarth Rally Gr.4 will be on show in Milan by the side of the new Abarth 124 spider and an Abarth 695 Biposto.
- On the Jeep stand, a Willys MB, also from a private collection. It is the forerunner of the first civilian 4x4 Jeep and will be on show next to the new Jeep Wrangler 75th Anniversary special series.
"Milano AutoClassica" is about to open. From November 25 to 27, the event will bring together enthusiasts, experts and operators, all attracted by this continuously expanding sector which is gaining more and more interest in the general public.
Now in its sixth edition, the second of 2016, the event focuses on the fortunate contamination between past and present that adds value to the heritage of the brands and to the models of today and tomorrow presented by the car makers. Lancia, Alfa Romeo, Jeep and Abarth, that have written some of the most beautiful pages in world automotive history with their heritage made of cars, people, motorsport wins, design and technical innovations, could certainly not miss out on this opportunity.
Goal of the www.fcaheritage.com website dedicated to the history of Alfa Romeo, Fiat, Lancia and Abarth is to be the online showcase of the FCA Heritage department and become the go-to place for everyone interested in the history, events and activities revolving around the classic cars of the Italian brands of the Group.
On the website, enthusiasts can sign up for the FCA Heritage Newsletter to stay abreast of the activities and services which will be made available over time for the various brands of the Group.
The possibility for Alfa Romeo, Fiat and Lancia classic car owners to request a "Certificate of Origin" for their cars online will be announced in occasion of the event in Milan.
"Milano AutoClassica" is an unmissable opportunity to admire a selection of fifteen gems from the Lancia vintage car collection. The cars - some of which are authentic milestones in automotive history - will be on display in the central hall to celebrate the 110th anniversary of the establishment of the brand in Turin, which falls on November 27. The important occasion is the perfect opportunity to introduce the new Lancia Classiche programme at the press conference on November 25, just one year after the launch of sister project Abarth Classiche.From the beginning of December, Lancia vintage car owners will also be offered certification and restoration services activated at the FCA Heritage "Officine Classiche" at the Mirafiori plant and obtain a "Certificate of Authenticity". New opportunities offered by the manufacturer include "Certificates of Origin" which can be requested online that will contribute to boosting the value of classic Lancia cars. The project will later be extended to the other Italian FCA brands. A brief presentation of the classic Lancia models on show follows.
Alfa (1907)
The line-up of gems from the Lancia Collection could not but start from the first car made by Turin-based auto maker: the 12 HP or Tipo 51. The model was presented at the Turin Motor Show in January 1908 and was available in four body styles: Double Phaeton, Coup, Landaulet and Limousine (the one on shown here). The official code, 12 HP, indicates the tax horsepower and was replaced by the name Alfa, which is the name this model goes by today, in 1919, when the brother of founder Vincenzo Lancia suggested to use the letters of the Greek alphabet to identify the various models, starting from the first. Fitted with a two-block 2545 cc front engine with four-speed gearbox and drive shaft, the car had top speed of 90 kilometres per hour. A total of 108 copies of the car were made, in addition to the 4 or 5 Alpha Sport, the lighter models made for racing.
Lambda Torpedo Ballon (1925)
The success obtained by the first cars that had gained a firm footing on the luxury product market encouraged Lancia to introduce a premium model at a more affordable price. So the Lambda, which is considered Vincenzo Lancia's masterpiece together with the Aprilia, was introduced in 1922. It was the first standard production model to have a unitised body that integrated the structural functions of the chassis to increase overall rigidity in addition obviously containing weight. A further particularity of the project was the introduction of a lowered floor with cavity (tunnel) for containing the drive shaft. As a result of its rational design, the Torpedo version of the car weighed about 850 kilograms. The traditional straight-four engine arrangement was replaced by a narrow-V which considerably reduced its overall length.
Features worth noting are the independent wheel front suspension and the brakes on the four wheels controlled simultaneously by the pedal for the first time.
On show is a fifth series model - the first with four-speed gearbox - with "Ballon", a pre-fabricated roof placed on the open-top vehicle to conveniently turn a Torpedo into a sedan.
Dilambda (1930)
Production of the Trikappa, the Lancia flagship, ended in 1925 leaving the Lambda alone in representing the brand on the luxury market. This inspired the creation of a new model exclusively on demand fitted with a V8, like the Trikappa, with the goal of conquering the attractive American market. The result was the Dilambda launched in 1928, with a new chassis made of particularly rigid closed section welded metal sheet elements. The engine, with a displacement of about 4 litres, picked up the narrow-V8 architecture of the Trikappa, upped to 3800 rpm capable of delivering a power of 100 HP and touching a respectable top speed of 120 km/h. Appropriately re-dimensioned for its weight, the front independent wheel suspension and braking system was carried over from the Lambda.
The car on show has a six-window sedan body. An interesting style element are the front light clusters the shape of which evokes that of the Lancia badge.
Astura (1932)
Created at the same time as the smaller Artena to replace the Lambda, the Astura broke with the Lancia tradition, starting from the name which suggested Italian roots instead of being a Greek letter (in tune with the nationalistic trends of the day). It was named after an ancient castle standing near the Roman city of Nettuno.
The car was presented at the Paris Motor Show in October 1931. It fitted a V8 engine derived from the Dilambda but with a smaller displacement (about two and a half litres vs. the four of the flagship model). Dropping the typical unitised body of the Lambda, the Astura had a steel frame X-shaped central crossbeam chassis on which the engine was mounted by means of two short leaf springs: this Lancia patent, also applied on the Artena, nearly cancelled out vibrations.
Furthermore, the good weight-to-power ratio (the sedan version with Lancia bodywork weighted about 1250 kilograms) made the car sprightly on the road reaching a top speed of about 125 km/h: a good result for an engine with a top power of 72 HP.
In addition to the high-quality body versions made directly by Lancia, the chassis of the Astura was the ideal base for some of the most beautiful creations of Italian coachbuilders between the two wars and were ordered by some of the greatest celebrities of the day, like the coupé and cabriolet made by Pinin Farina (owned by Galeazzo Ciano and Marlene Dietrich among others) and Benito Mussolini's ministerial sedan. The copy on show is a six-window custom-made sedan crafted by Farina.
Aprilia (1937)
The Aprilia, introduced in 1936, was the spiritual legacy of Vincenzo Lancia, who had passed away a few months before the commercial launch of the car. Provided with a unitised body integrated with the chassis without B-pillar, the appearance of the car was truly innovative. It stood out among the sedans of its day for its particularly aerodynamic line and light-weight securing a top speed of about 130 km/h and good fuel efficiency at the same time. The narrow-V4 with hemispherical combustion chambers contributed to this result. In addition to telescopic independent front suspensions, by now traditional on Lancia, the car fitted independent suspensions also on the rear axle.
The car on show is a first series and fits a 1352 cc engine.
The D50 is one of the most important racing models of Lancia. In 1953 the auto maker was successfully competing in road races and chose to take part in the Formula 1 World Championship as well. Vittorio Jano was called to design a single-seater with the help of the Racing Team. The project took a rather long time and the car, fitting a 2.5-litre 90° V8, made its debut in October 1954 at the Spanish Grand Prix.
The D50 stands out for its impeccable finish (unusual on a racing car) and particularly light weight. It was over 50 kilograms lighter than its direct Formula 1 competitors. The most important style and aerodynamic feature was the lateral arrangement of the fuel tanks which improved the CX value and ensured outstanding exceptional handling stability when the tanks were full; unfortunately, this decreased considerably during the race as the fuel level dropped.
The car, driven by Alberto Ascari and Gigi Villoresi, achieved several important results, in 1955, like the Grand Prix of Naples and Valentino victories, but did not win the championship. The disappointing results and the unfavourable economic situation of the Lancia family, combined with the tragic death of Alberto Ascari, convinced the auto maker to withdraw from F1 racing. All the material was handed over to Ferrari, that would go on to win the world championship in 1956 with Juan Manuel Fangio at the wheel of a modified D50.
The copy on show is the car driven by Gigi Villoresi in the Valentino Grand Prix in 1955.
Aurelia B24 Spider (1955)
Two variants of the Aurelia B24, considered the symbol of the Italian 1950s together with the Giulietta Spider, were made: the Spider, produced in 1955 and characterised by a panoramic windscreen, distinctive two-part bumper, doors without handles and winding windows, and the Convertible, with a one-part bumper, normally curved windscreen, larger doors with handles and raised, streamline tail fins. Pinin Farina designed both bodies.
The chassis was identical to that of the B20 coupé but with a further shortened wheelbase. The 2451 cc V6 also derived from the closed body version (the Aurelia was the first standard production model to fit a V6 engine and gearbox in block with the differential) adapted with specific calibrations.
Flaminia Loraymo (1960)
This one-of-a-kind car was based on a chassis Flaminia Coupé V6 created by industrial designer Raymond Loewy, famous for the iconic Coca Cola bottle and the Lucky Strike cigarette trademark. American of French origin, Loewy had worked for Studebaker and a number of railway manufacturers. He designed the car for his personal use and had it made by Rocco Motto coachbuilder in Turin.
The car, with the metallic dark amber paintwork it still sports today, was presented at the 47th Paris Motor Show in October 1960 and named Loraymo, a word based on the designed surname and name and which was the telegraphic address of the Loewy studio.
Its most obvious style features includes a large grille enclosed in a chrome-plated steel bezel doubling as a bumper, retracted front wings, fog lights protruding from the body, a slight convexity in the central part of the body for a "Coca-Cola bottle" effect that improved the aerodynamic performance of the car, no boot lid (the boot could only be accessed from the passenger compartment) and rear spoiler on the roof to reduce aerodynamic turbulence, a feature that the car would surprisingly share with the later Stratos.
Flavia Coupé 1.8 (1967)
The Flavia was a milestone in the history of Lancia, that was now owned by the Pesenti family. It was the first Italian model with "all front" mechanics, i.e. with front engine and drive. The car fitted the first Lancia boxer engine - a four cylinder, available in two displacements (1500 and 1800) and later 2000 - and implemented many important technical solutions for the first time in Italy, like disc brakes on four wheels.
The coupé version, presented at the Turin Motor Show in 1961, was designed by Pininfarina and the final assembly was performed at the Pininfarina plant. Compared to the sedan, it had a more elegant and slender style with a sloping roof and a more powerful engine with a top speed of 170 km/h. This specific version was made from 1963 to 1968 in 2150 copies and was outfitted with a mechanical injection engine with power boosted to 102 HP. Style elements worth noting include the Pininfarina badge, the letter "L" applied on the radial grille and the word "iniezione" (injection) on the boot lid.
Fulvia Coupé Rallye 1.6 HF (1972)
Presented two years after the 1963 Fulvia sedan, the coupé version - a 2+2 of elegant appearance and sporty performance - was designed by Piero Castagnero, who was inspired by the stylish Riva motor boats of the day. The car, powered by a V4 engine which would later be developed in various displacements (from 1.2 to 1.6 litres), was an immediate success and major best seller. Its racing potentials were obvious from the start. It soon became a leader of the rally races at the end of the 1960s and spearheaded the HF Lancia Racing Team for various seasons: its most important success, obtained expectedly against cars of much larger displacement and higher power, was the win at the Monte Carlo Rally in 1972, by the team headed by Sandro Munari and Mario Mannucci. The car is the one on show in Milan and still shows the signs of that memorable undertaking on its body. It fits a tuned-up, 1.6-litre, 160 HP four cylinder engine and is universally known by enthusiasts simply as the "14", after its Monte Carlo race number. .
Stratos (1976)
The milestone of automotive design - for its futuristic pronounced wedge appearance created by Marcello Gandini for Carrozzeria Bertone - and the "ultimate weapon" of Lancia in rallies, the Stratos wrote some of the most exciting pages in motorsports history in the 1970s by winning race after race.
The rear mid-engine prototype introduced by Bertone at the Turin Motor Show in 1970 was based on the chassis of the Fulvia HF from which the engine was also taken. Production of the definitive version started in 1973. The 2418 cc engine and the transmission were derived from the Ferrari Dino 246 combined with a central steel monocoque making the Stratos particularly competitive in races also thanks to its compact dimensions weighing in at less than one tonne. Many were its victories, such as three Rally World Championships in a row (from 1974 to 1976) and speed races wins, like the Targa Florio and the Tour de France.
The car on show is a street-legal version - with characteristic orange red paintwork - that boasts some significant style elements taken from the racing version, like the broader rear wings.
Rally 037 (1982)
The car was designed at the beginning of the 1980s to replace the glorious but by then dated Fiat 131 Abarth Rally in international competitions. Characterised by project number SE037, it was based on the central core of the Lancia Beta Montecarlo convertible, to which a front and a rear space frame were added by Pininfarina, who also designed the body.
The 2-litre, 16-valve Fiat twin shaft engine supercharged with volumetric compressor was designed by Abarth and arranged longitudinally in rear mid position to the benefit of traction. The 037 street-legal version (the copy on show is one of the 200 made to obtain Group B homologation) developed 205 HP. It touched a top speed in excess of 220 km/h and went from 0 to 100 km/h in less than seven seconds.
The racing version (tuned up to deliver 310 HP of peak power) debuted at the Costa Smeralda Rally in April in 1982 and competed officially in the 1983 season, dominating the world championship from the first race (which was the Monte Carlo Rally won by Walter Roerl). In that year, Lancia conquered the World, European and the Italian Championship despite the tough competition of the new all-wheel drive Audi Quattro.
Delta S4 (1986)
Design of the S4, the first 4x4 used in competitions (the letter "S" of its name stands for supercharged, the number "4" indicates four-wheel drive), was started by Abarth engineers in 1983, under project code SE038, in the wake of the victorious 037.
Only 200 needed to obtain Group B homologation were originally made: the car on show in Milan sports characteristic dark red paintwork. The street-legal Delta S4 was actually very different from the 037 (the fundamental elements of both, such as engine, supercharging system, transmission and chassis-body were designed from scratch). Above all, the sedan of the same name was heavily - and it must be said successfully - influenced by the racing car. The chassis was a tubular steel space frame construction with kevlar and carbon fibre honeycomb panels. The four-cylinder 1759 cc engine with 4 valves per cylinder and two overhead camshafts had a one-of-a-kind twincharging system with volumetric compressor operating at low rpm and turbocharger for high rpm, delivering a power of 250 HP (street-legal version) and nearly 500 (racing version).
Thema Ferrari 8.32 (1988)
Introduced at the Turin Motor Show in 1986, the most exclusive version of the Thema was immediately dubbed "Thema Ferrari" because its eight-cylinder 32-valve engine (hence the name 8.32) had been designed and developed in Maranello: it was the appropriately adapted and "tamed" engine fitted on the Ferrari 308 that on the Thema developed a peak power of 215 HP allowing the car to reach a top speed of about 240 km/h. Key style elements included Ferrari-inspired alloy rims, front end with modified grille, three-colour (green, white and red) "8.32" badge on a yellow background and, above all, retractable rear spoiler electrically adjustable with a simple control. The suspension layout featured an electrically controlled McPherson. The interiors had leather and briar wood accents. Two series with a total of 4300 units were made from 1986 to 1992. The car on show belongs to the second series.
Delta HF Integrale (1994)
The car on show never left the company and has only a few dozen kilometres on clock. It belongs to the fifth and last series of the Delta HF Integrale (known as the "Evo 2").
Final development of the four-wheel drive Delta (a car that would enter rally legend with its six World Championship wins in row from 1987 to 1992), the car had a wider track, boosted suspensions and brakes and a beefed-up four-cylinder two-litre turbo delivering up to 215 HP powering the Delta to touch a top speed of 220 km/h.
Alfa Romeo
To welcome the public of enthusiasts and experts, Alfa Romeo will be setting up an impressive exhibition area with a strong visual impact to celebrate the authentic enthusiasm for the cars of yesterday and today. The theme of the event is the celebration of the Veloce badge, that appeared for the first time on the Giulietta Sprint Veloce introduced at the Turin Motor Show in April 1956 and which then characterised some of the fastest Alfa Romeo modules, like the new Giulia Veloce.
The car presented at the Paris Motor Show last October will be making it first Italian appearance in Milan and will be accompanied for the occasion by two forerunners of excellence, both from private collections: the Giulietta Sprint Veloce and the Giulia Sprint GT Veloce.
Visitors to the stand will learn about the exhibition currently at the Alfa Romeo Museum in Arese, entitled "The Masters of Style": a celebration of the craftsmanship of the great Italian coachbuilders who propelled Alfa Romeo to the pinnacle of aesthetic, aerodynamic and engineering research. The exhibition is open until January 10, 2017.
Giulietta Sprint Veloce (1957)
The Giulietta Sprint Veloce was the technical and performance evolution of the Sprint: it was nearly one hundred kilograms lighter, had a powerful light-alloy twin cam engine taken to 80 HP (96 from 1958), increased compression ratio and two double-barrel carburettors. It reached a top speed of over 170 km/h. With performance like this, the Sprint Veloce was engineered for gentlemen drivers who could rely on a car that was faster than competition. Only a few secondary details of the bodywork were modified. The car thus remains a masterpiece of Italian style designed by Bertone and made by Franco Scaglione. One of the most important racing results of the Giulietta Sprint Veloce was beyond doubt the class win at the Mille Miglia in 1956, obtained with the concurrent sensational eleventh place in the absolute ranking, behind vehicles with three times its power.
Giulia Sprint GT Veloce (1966)
Three years after the debut of the Giulia Sprint GT in 1963, equipped with the engine of the Giulia T.I. sedan, Alfa Romeo presented the Giulia Sprint GT Veloce at the Geneva Motor Show: with 3 extra HP added to the original 106, this coupé had top-in-class handling and touched a top speed of over 185 km/h, a limit that approached that of the famous GTA in road configuration. The mechanical architecture of the Sprint GTV borrowed heavily from the Giulia with a compact and light body designed to enhance active safety and performance creeping up on the higher class GTs. Its essential and elegant line, also designed by Giugiaro at Bertone, became an instant classic.
Giulia Veloce
With exclusive style and contents, the new version of the Giulia sports a glorious and evocative name seeped in Alfa Romeo history that for precisely sixty years has identified the auto maker's sportiest and most distinctive versions. The Veloce badge is making a comeback on Giulia to satisfy customers seeking contents packed with personality. The new car stands out for a number of sophisticated style elements, like specific bumpers and glossy black window frame, and quintessentially sporty contents, like a specific rear extractor integrating the twin tailpipe and 19" five-hole alloy rims available as optional equipment. The same sporty touch continues inside with new heated, electrically adjustable leather Sport seats available in three colours, the heated sporty steering wheel with specific grip, the aluminium inserts on the dashboard, central tunnel and door panels and the Xenon headlights.
This distinctive style both inside and out is matched by an exciting array of standard equipment, including bi-zone climate control, Alfa DNA and Alfa Connect 6.5" infotainment, new and efficient active safety systems, such as Forward Collision Warning (FCW) with Autonomous Emergency Brake (AEB) and pedestrian recognition, IBS (Integrated Brake System), Lane Departure Warning (LDW) and cruise control with speed limiter.
The 2.2 Turbo Petrol engine debuting on Giulia Veloce has a maximum power output of 210 HP at 3750 rpm and a peak torque of 470 Nm at 1750 rpm. More in detail, the 2.2-litre turbo diesel of Giulia is the first diesel engine in Alfa Romeo history to be built entirely in aluminium. This straight-four implements next-generation injection with MultiJet II technology and Injection Rate Shaping (IRS), along with operating pressures of 2000 bar. The electrically-operated variable geometry turbocharger is an engineering gem. It minimises lag and guarantees benefits in terms of efficiency at the same time. The most sophisticated levels of driving satisfaction and comfort are also guaranteed by the use of a balancing countershaft.
Finally, the new Giulia Veloce mounts an innovative all-wheel drive system with Q4 technology, designed to manage the drive distribution in real time, so as to deliver top-notch performance, efficiency and safety. In short, the Q4 system secures all the advantages of four-wheel drive - in terms of stability, traction and safety - and at the same time guarantees fuel efficiency, reactivity and rear-wheel drive satisfaction.
The Abarth stand will be showcasing three cars that confirm Abarth's famed strive for "mechanical perfection": this is the essence of a brand which has always continuously renewed itself by taking on and winning challenges which some see as impossible. A classic Fiat 124 Abarth Rally Gr.4 will be on show in Milan by the side of the new Abarth 124 spider and an Abarth 695 Biposto.
Fiat 124 Abarth Rally Gr.4 (1975)
Compared to the Fiat 124 Sport Spider from which it derives, the Fiat 124 Abarth Rally Gr.4 benefited from a more powerful engine, fibreglass roof and bonnet, aluminium doors and considerable weight reduction. Tuned by the Abarth Racing Team, the car made its debut in the 1972 season and continued racing until 1975, when it was replaced by the 131 Abarth Rally in 1976. Fitted with a 1756 cc engine delivering 200 HP of power, this car could reach a top speed of 170 km/h according to the final drive ratio. It won the European Rally Championship twice (in 1972 and 1975) and came second in the manufacturers championship for four consecutive seasons (from 1972 to 1975).
The attention of Abarth towards classic cars is confirmed by the opening of the Officine Abarth Classiche workshop in Turin in November 2015. The Abarth Classiche Project focuses on several areas, such as the restoration workshop, certifications and organisation of trade shows, meetings and competitions. The success of the project is exceeding the most optimistic expectations. A high number of certifications have been completed and many other collectors are currently on the waiting list. More information on the offered services are available on the website (www.abarthclassiche.com).
Abarth 124 spider
By the side of the vintage forerunner, visitors in Milan will see the new Abarth 124 spider, the car that guarantees all the excitement and pleasure of an authentic roadster experience. Developed with the Abarth Racing Team, the Abarth 124 spider perfectly embodies the leading values of the brand with the scorpion badge: performance, expert craftsmanship and technical excellence. Standard equipment on Abarth 124 spider includes mechanical self-locking differential, typically found on premium sports cars. The weights are concentrated between the axles and the 1.4-litre, 170 HP engine is installed behind the front axle to guarantee optimal agility and superior driving feel. Sophisticated mechanics and the use of special materials contain the weight to just 1060 kilograms, which results in a weight-to-power ratio of 6.2 kg/HP, the best in its category. Additionally, the suspension of Abarth 124 spider features high double wishbone suspension on the front and a five-arm multi-link on the rear. This calibrated setup is specifically designed to increase cornering and braking stability combined with the sporty calibration of the power steering.
Abarth 695 Biposto Record
Next to the new spider, the spotlight will also be trained on Abarth 695 Biposto Record, the version created to celebrate the fiftieth anniversary of the two acceleration achievements (on the quarter of a mile and on the five hundred metre distances) set by Carlo Abarth at the Monza Race Track in 1965.
It features an exclusive "Modena Yellow" livery with "Tar Cold Grey" trim and an enamel "695 Record" badge proudly on the side.
Under the bonnet it has a 1.4 T-jet engine, beefed up to 190 HP for securing excellent performance: it clocks a top speed of 230 km/h and goes from 0 to 100 in 5.9 seconds. This special edition is packed with technical features lifted directly from the racing world, such as ultralight titanium anti-roll bar, 18" alloy rims, oversized Brembo braking system, Akrapovič exhaust, adjustable hydraulic shock absorbers and mechanical self-locking differential.
Visitors to the Jeep stand will see a Willys MB - the predecessor of the CJ-2A, which was the first 4x4 Jeep for civilian use - by the side of the new Jeep Wrangler 75th Anniversary special series.
Willys MB (1944)
Production of the Willys MB (formally the Willys Jeep MB Truck, 1/4 ton, 4x4), a small all-wheel drive utility vehicle with mechanics adapted for use on difficult terrain for cross-country reconnaissance, was kicked off in July 15, 1941. The vehicle, which remained in production until 1945, was named "General Purpose", hence the acronym GP, slurred in speech into "Jeep". It fitted a Go Devil 2199 cc water-cooled petrol engine capable of delivering 54 HP at 4000 rpm. It had three high-range gears, three low-range gears and reverse. It was 4x4 with selectable front-wheel drive and reached a top speed of 115 km/h. The payload was 250 kg and tare was 1105 kg.
At the end of World War II, the CJ-2A (Civilian Jeep) derived from the four-wheel drive military vehicle in 1945 became the first modern off-road vehicle in automotive industry. Since then, Jeep has been the byword for freedom of mind and determination in following one's instincts with the confidence of being able to take on any challenge by relying on its benchmark off-road capabilities.
The vehicle on display belongs to a private collector.
Jeep Wrangler 75th Anniversary
The Jeep Wrangler on show in Milan is one of a 75th Anniversary special series made to celebrate the milestone anniversary of Jeep. . The car sports Sarge Green exteriors and is equipped with a powerful Pentastar V6 3.6-litre engine. Standard equipment comprises exclusive optional equipment, like the grille in matching body colour with bronze slots and headlight bezels, Power Dome bonnet with air vents, limited slip differential, navigation system with premium audio system, leather seats and Dual Top in matching body colour.
Turin, 22 November 2016
Other content


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5"x7" Greeting Card with White Envelope included (Blank Inside); all packaged in a clear cello envelope for protection.
Theatre Magazine, 1923, Greeting Card, + Envelope, 5"x7", Obscene Broadway Shows Must Stop, Blank Inside, Drummer Girl, Art Deco
From the THEATER COLLECTION -- These 5" x 7" greeting cards (envelope included) are derived from Vintage Magazines Covers.
3-5 business days
Buyers are responsible for any customs and import taxes that may apply. I'm not responsible for delays due to customs.
Just contact me within: 14 days of delivery
Ship items back to me within: 30 days of delivery
But please contact me if you have any problems with your order.
Because of the nature of these items, unless they arrive damaged or defective, I can't accept returns for:
Buyers are responsible for return shipping costs. If the item is not returned in its original condition, the buyer is responsible for any loss in value.

subset: commoncrawl


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In a new blog post, Chris Hartjes asks what's the next stack coming up on the horizon. LAMP has been the king for so long now it's hard to think about what might be next, but he takes a stab at it:
So the next thing I've been wondering about is about what future PHP stacks will look like, at least on the open source side of things. Have we gotten to the point where this is as good as it gets?
He looks at other stacks he's been working with (like LNNP - Linux, nginx, Postgres and PHP) as well as the question of limitations. Are we limiting ourselves by relying on LAMP too much? What else is out there? Does Javascript have a permenant place in any of this? (jLAMP anyone?)


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University of Toronto. Office of the President
- Accession
- 1906-1979
Part of University of Toronto. Office of the President fonds
Consists of subject files, speeches and messages of university presidents from Sidney Smith to John R. Evans (1956-1978), files of the Vice-President Institutional Relations & Planning John Sword (1972-1973), and files of research assistant Frances Ireland (1906-1976). Subject files include budget (1973-1979), submissions to the President's Report (1962-1978), Operating Grants (1968-1979), administrative retreats (1976-1977), materials relating to the Ontario Council on University Affairs (1973-1975), task forces, pension, and various reports.


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In the midst of all this changeable weather, I am glad to be spending today in my office. As I talked about last year, I work at York University as the departmental Project and Fieldwork Officer. I'm now well into my second year in this post and still very much enjoying my job. As it's the end of term, this week has been a lot of fun, starting with the staff-student rounders match on Monday (I'm glad to report that the staff just about clinched it, despite our advancing years), continuing with the inaugural Department versus York Archaeological Trust cricket match (sadly a whitewash), and culminating in the third year results day today. Currently they are awaiting their results, but we'll be celebrating with them later this afternoon. This has been a great year, and I'm hoping to see at least a few of them return as postgraduates next term.
Amongst all this activity, I *am* actually doing some work. In between the odd student popping in for advice (it's MA dissertation time!), I've been finishing off bits and pieces of work to send off to various collaborators both within and external to the department. The first of which was a fun magnetometry survey of a village destroyed during the Thirty Years War, which we carried out in the Czech Republic back in April for a project run by one of our lecturers – Jim Symonds – and colleagues at Plzeň University.
Fortunately all that needed doing was a rough interpretation to send off to the project members, and then I continued work on our major excavation project at Heslington East. All fieldwork has stopped and it is now being written up. As I'm responsible for the spatial data this involves a lot of digitisation and records checking. Most of my time is spent cursing ArcGIS, but after the inevitable crashes and lost work I'm finally getting somewhere.
Today is also equipment day. I deal with the maintenance and loan of all the departmental kit, and I've been updating our calendars and booking in the large numbers of projects that seem to be running this summer (including my own little project with colleagues up in Scotland. Contrary to what the students may think we get up to, summer is looking to be very busy indeed.
Speaking of students, I see groups starting to congregate nervously for their results … Good luck everyone!


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You have finished cycling your tank either by using the fishless cycle or have used fish. Even better, you have planted your tank with live plants and no cycling was necessary at all. If you plant your tank heavily and stock with a sensible amount of fish to start, the plants will eat up the toxins produced.
Picking out your fish: Next to not cycling correctly (or at all) picking out stock is the biggest mistake made by us fish keepers.
Do not over stock your fish tanks. Often you will read that 1 inch per fish per gallon is a general rule. This rule applies to small fish only!! It does not apply to larger fish or fish yet to grow. It does not apply to dominate fish or breeding fish. It does not apply to schooling fish that want room to do so. As an example, I would easily put 30 neons or cardinals tetras in my 20-gallon tank but I certainly would not put my 5-inch angelfish in a 5-gallon tank.
Read up on the fish you are interested in purchasing. Check out the compatibility sites to see if they belong together. Make sure you have the space for them when they grow up. As an example, one of my first fish selections was 3 Bala Sharks. I had a 10 gallon tank and these fish grow to about 8 inches each. Oops
Another common error is buying plecos. These fish grow huge and belong in large tanks only. And never in new tanks as they have nothing to feed on for several weeks ....unless it's been planted.
Do not put goldfish in your community tank. They are coldwater fish and do not belong in a warm water tank. If your tap water has a constant high pH, consider going with cichlids so you will not constantly be trying to lower your pH. Raising pH is very easy but lowering it and keeping it low is almost a losing battle and your fish will suffer from the constant fluctuations.
Fish are adaptable to many levels in pH so try not to mess with changing it in community fish. Most are farm raised and have grown to different pH levels than their cousins in the wild.
Do not buy fish with the intention of rescuing them. If they are ill or diseased, why bring it home to your other fish? If possible, try to quarantine any new stock in a separate tank for a couple of weeks to make sure it appears disease free. If you have no quarantine tank, check these fish out very well at the store. Make sure you see no white spots, clouded eyes or the fish is swimming strangely. If a fish acts differently from the others, not hanging with the others but hiding in the corner or sitting on the bottom, leave it. Are there dead fish in the tank? Dont buy any fish from that tank.
Do not allow any salesperson to cram too many fish in one bag. If they are larger fish, one to a bag. Three or four smaller ones to a bag but no more than that. Too many in one bag causes too much stress for them and depletes the oxygen faster. If you have a cooler, you may want to add the bags in that cooler so they will remain upright for the ride home. Fish can not go long distances in these bags and you should be able to complete your trip within 45 minutes or less.
Longer trips may require that you add the fish and water directly in the cooler and add a portable air pump. Or have the storekeeper put them in larger bags so there will be more oxygen.
Do not allow salespeople to "talk you into" fish unless you have done your own research. Very bad advice often comes from people who work in petshops and haven't got a clue how fish are kept or what is compatible. They are there to sell you fish, not give you lessons on cycling and caring for stock. That's your job!
There are many subjects on the proper way to acclimate your fish. Some float the bag in their tank. Some do the drip method. And others add the contest of the bag into a pail with a bit of tank water adding more tank water over a period of time netting out the fish and adding to the main tank in that manner. Never pour store water into your tank. Netting your fish helps prevent snails from entering your tank as well.
You will find your own way to acclimate and which gives you the least loss of fish. The last method has always worked for me so that's the method I use but this is a personal choice which some fish needing much more care in the acclimation process.
Turn your aquarium lights off to prevent further stress for these fish and do not feed them until the following day. They are highly stressed and need to rest and get used to the tank and a dark tank will help them recover.
A quarantine tank is very helpful as many fish you purchase may carry a fungus or ick and need treatment before putting in your main tank. It's nice to have a 10 gallon handy for this purpose.
If you use your fish net in an Ick tank, do not use that same net in other tanks until it's been treated or you will simply transfer Ick to other tanks. Soak it in some mild bleach, very hot water or Ick medications or simply allow it to completely dry out.
Do not bore your fish to death with the same old flake food day after day. Most fish appreciate a variety and many like zucchini, romaine lettuce, pea's and other vegetable matter. Frozen shrimp, beef heart and blood worms are great treats but they are "treats". If you feed these to your fish, feed a couple times a week after they have had their regular food. They also eat the dried shrimp and blood worms if the frozen are not available in your area. (Make sure your fish are supposed to have meat produces, as well.)
Never spray glass cleaners, hair spray, room spray, perfumes or any other sprays around your fish tanks. You can spray a paper towel with windex and wipe the glass in this manner but do not spray near the tank.
Do not clean anything that goes in your aquarium or is being used for your aquarium in soap. However, you should always wash your hands before and after having them in the aquarium in hot, soapy water.
Decorations and plastic plants can be scrubbed in a light solution of bleach water, rinsed well and then soaked in de-chlorinated water if they become dirty. Never soap.
Your fish will reward you with many years of happy fish keeping if you perform regular water changes, feed them properly and keep their tank clean.
Are your fish gasping at the top of the water, dying for no apparent reason or being unsocial and not eating.
CHECK YOUR WATER.....THE AMMONIA, NITRITES AND NITRATES. Don't ask why your fish are dying but know why they are dying.
They ask for very little and that does not mean we need to give them very little. Do your water changes! Your fish will thank you with a long, disease free life.


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Starbucks Caramel Ribbon Crunch Frappuccino Review
Taste Test: Starbucks Caramel Ribbon Crunch Frappuccino
"What is that stuff?" I asked the barista, eyeing the dark tan mixture he poured into my Caramel Ribbon Crunch Frappuccino.
"I don't really know," he responded. As if to explain, he added, "I just got back from a two-week vacation, so I'm kind of out of it. And this is our first day making this drink."
I watched with both curiosity and suspicion as he followed the tan liquid with a more-than-generous drizzle of caramel and a shower of toffee-colored bits. I'd stopped into my neighborhood Starbucks to check out the new offering, released today — the first new Frappuccino flavor in a year — but after watching two being made, I still wasn't sure what was going into the drink.
Keep reading to learn more about the Starbucks Caramel Ribbon Crunch Frappuccino.
Turns out the new beverage, which is inspired by the existing Caramel Frappuccino, is made of "a blend of buttery caramel syrup with Frappuccino roast coffee, milk, and ice, then topped with a layer of dark caramel sauce, whipped cream, caramel drizzle, and a crunchy caramel sugar topping." For non-coffee drinkers, there's a similar, java-free option: the Caramel Ribbon Crunch Crème Frappuccino.
Despite all the caramel elements in the drink, the beverage aficionados in our office found the drink to be bland and sugary at best — and not a far departure from the classic Caramel Frappuccino. "Not too much toffee/caramel flavor," one remarked. "Lacks the rich complexity of bitter toffee sweetness," another added. "I would be sick if I had more," a third lamented. And then this remark: "This is why America is fat."
The only redeeming part? Those toffee bits, which added a nice crunch before melting away, like a maple sugar candy. But for a Frappuccino this sweet, we'd rather skip it in favor of dessert.


text: Job Discussion Forums :: View topic - Universidad de Moron Get TEFL Certified & Start Your Adventure Today! Job Discussion Forums"The Internet's Meeting Place for ESL/EFL Students and Teachers from Around the World!" FAQ Search Memberlist Usergroups Register Profile Log in to check your private messages Log in Universidad de Moron Job Discussion Forums Forum Index -> Argentina View previous topic :: View next topic Author Message AdelaJoined: 30 Jul 2006Posts: 40 Posted: Fri Jan 28, 2011 11:56 pm Post subject: Universidad de Moron Can anybody comment on this university near BA? Back to top MinellaJoined: 22 Aug 2010Posts: 37Location: Turkey Posted: Wed Feb 16, 2011 1:17 pm Post subject: I have received an email from someone that works at that University and they offered me a 1 year contract however told me that I would be working at their branch in Australia. I got a bit confused by that at first and once they sent me the contract, I realized something wrong with this offer. It says on the contract that teachers need to pay this much money upfront for the accommodation and again some money for the visa etc. I am wondering if you got the same offer from them? If so it might be a scam... Back to top GusssJoined: 08 Nov 2008Posts: 81 Posted: Tue Mar 29, 2011 5:58 pm Post subject: What an unfortunate name for a university Back to top MinellaJoined: 22 Aug 2010Posts: 37Location: Turkey Posted: Wed Mar 30, 2011 12:51 pm Post subject: Hahahah!! I agree with that!! Back to top SublimeJoined: 23 Apr 2011Posts: 90 Posted: Sun May 01, 2011 1:41 pm Post subject: Seriously this sounds like a joke. I suspect Mel Smith is the DOS. Back to top Display posts from previous: All Posts1 Day7 Days2 Weeks1 Month3 Months6 Months1 Year Oldest FirstNewest First Job Discussion Forums Forum Index -> Argentina All times are GMT Page 1 of 1 Jump to: Select a forum Where to Begin----------------General DiscussionNewbie ForumCurrent Events ForumTechnology ForumOnline Teaching Forum Africa Forums----------------General Africa Forum Asia Forums----------------CambodiaChina (Job-related Posts Only)China (Off-Topic)Hong KongIndiaIndonesiaJapanMalaysiaPhilippinesSingaporeTaiwanThailandGeneral Asia ForumVietnam Caribbean Forums----------------General Caribbean Forum Europe Forums----------------Czech RepublicFranceGermanyGreeceItalyMacedonia and the BalkansPolandRomaniaRussia & C.I.S.SpainTurkeyUkraineUnited KingdomGeneral Europe Forum Latin America Forums----------------ArgentinaBrazilChileColombiaCosta RicaMexicoMexico (off-topic)PeruGeneral Latin America Forum The Middle East Forums----------------BahrainEgyptIsraelKuwaitOmanQatarSaudi ArabiaUnited Arab EmiratesGeneral Middle East Forum North America Forums----------------General North America Forum Oceania----------------Australia/New Zealand You cannot post new topics in this forumYou cannot reply to topics in this forumYou cannot edit your posts in this forumYou cannot delete your posts in this forumYou cannot vote in polls in this forum This page is maintained by the one and only Dave Sperling. Contact Dave's ESL Cafe Copyright © 2018 Dave Sperling. All Rights Reserved. Powered by phpBB © 2001, 2002 phpBB Group Teaching Jobs in China


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Tanks - Series 235
This is an all GLASS AQUARIUM, for acrylic please call for pricing.
*After purchasing your tank we will call you to discuss your shipping options.
(May take up to 6 weeks to manufacture)
Stand not included*
Any orders cancelled after they have been processed will incur a 5% charge.
Measurements in US/Imperial
Length: 84.5 in
Width: 24.5 in
Height: 27.5 in


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I would like to ask you a question regarding the Westminster Confession of Faith that was designed to reform the church: What potential value do the distinctive theological emphases of the Westminster Standards have for Christians in the twenty-first century?
Your question—"What potential value do the distinctive theological emphases of the Westminster Standards have for Christians in the twenty-first century?"—seems to require a division of your question into two parts. To respond requires, first, an attempt to define what "the distinctive theological emphases of the Westminster Standards" are. And then, secondly, what their "potential value for Christians in the 21st Century" is. I will therefore attempt to answer your question in this way.
In the history of the Presbyterian and Reformed Churches the Westminster Standards have always had an honored place as faithful expressions of the teaching of Scripture. In other words, the most important thing about the Westminster Standards is that they are in harmony not only with the Bible, but also, in all essentials, with the other great Reformed Confessions such as the Belgic Confession and the Canons of Dordt or the Second Helvetic Confession. Yet it is also a fact that the Westminster Standards express that Reformed Faith with what could indeed be called "distinctive theological emphases." Let me simply point out a few of these.
Here are some of the distinctive points that set Chapter I of the Westminster Confession apart from all other Reformed Confessions.
a. The first is the self-attesting quality of the Scripture itself (an objective reality);
b. The second is the "inward work of the Holy Spirit bearing witness by and with the Word in our hearts."
a. The Bible contains the whole counsel of God.
b. The whole counsel comes to us in two ways: expressly (direct assertion, command, etc.), and deductively (by inescapable logical conclusion—as in infant baptism).
c. We must never separate the written Word and the Holy Spirit. It is he who speaks to us, and he speaks to us now through the written Word alone.
d. There are "some circumstances concerning the worship of God and the government of the church"—those that are "common to human actions and societies"—that are not specifically prescribed in the Bible but left to prudence (common sense) within the general rules of Scripture.
a. Perspicuity does not mean that everything in the Bible is easy to understand (2 Pet. 3:16).
b. Neither does it mean that everyone can attain to the same level in understanding it.
c. What it means is that anyone who is willing to make a serious and sincere effort to understand its central message—using available means—can gain a sufficient (saving) understanding.
a. It is the text "immediately inspired by God" to which the term "word of God" refers. Theologians today commonly refer to this as the autographa (meaning the exact and entire text of the Bible as it was first written by the prophets and apostles).
b. This text has been wonderfully preserved by God's providence.
c. It is to this authentic text that final appeal is to be made.
d. But since it is not feasible for all of God's people to learn Hebrew and Greek, and yet all are commanded by God to search the Scriptures, it is therefore the responsibility of the Church to provide faithful and understandable translations.
Most of the above teaching can be logically deduced from other major Reformed Confessions. But none state them as clearly and fully as the Westminster Standards.
The same can be said of the much fuller treatment of the ten commandments that we find in the Larger Catechism, as compared with any of the other Reformed Catechisms or Confessions. Similarly, no other Catechism or Confession has so clear and full a statement of the doctrine of worship (Wesminster Confession of Faith XXI), the doctrine of Christian Liberty and Liberty of Conscience (WCF XX), or the Biblical teaching on Marriage and Divorce (WCF XXIV). And it is the only Reformed Confession that fully recognizes the importance of the doctrine of adoption (WCF XII).
More could be said, but this should be sufficient to make one thing quite clear: what is distinctive about the Westminster Standards is not that they teach a different doctrine than that of the other great Reformed Creeds but that they teach it with greater fullness and precision. And that, it seems to me, is what gives it great "potential value for Christians in the 21st Century."
It is generally recognized that the Christian church today needs a new Reformation! In many areas—such as worship, for example—the scene is one of confusion and disunity. Presbyterian and Reformed Churches in past generations were much more united in both doctrine and practice. Indeed, it was because they were united in doctrine that they tended to be of one mind in practice. If there is to be a new Reformation—and we believe there will be—it will come as the church recovers, first of all, in doctrine. And no document yet produced in the history of the church will be of greater importance than the Westminster Standards. The reason is quite simple: they express what the Bible teaches more fully and accurately than any other Creed.
May the Lord bless your own study of these great Reformation documents!
"Questions and Answers" is a weekly feature of the OPC website. The answers come from individual ministers in the Orthodox Presbyterian Church expressing their own convictions and do not necessarily represent an "official" position of the Church, especially in areas where the Standards of the Church (the Scriptures and the Westminster Confession of Faith and Catechisms) are silent.
The questions come from individuals like yourself. If you have questions about biblical and theological matters, you are invited to send them by e-mail by using the "Pose a Question" link on the OPC home page or by clicking here.
At least one new question is posted each week, so there should always be something new here for you to read. (For those people who would like to look at previous questions and answers, they will continue to be available as well.)
The purpose of the OPC website's "Questions and Answers" is to respond to biblical and theological questions. Matters of church discipline, disputes, or debates go beyond the scope of our work. We recommend that you present your concerns in these areas to the appropriate judicatory. In most cases this will be to a local pastor, elder, or session. We do not want the website to replace personal involvement in, or commitment to, the local, visible church.
While we will respond to every serious questioner, we are not bound to give a substantive answer to every question, should we deem the question to be beyond the scope of our purpose or our own ability to answer.
You will receive an answer by e-mail. Please be patient as many of our respondents are busy pastors. The response to your question may take up to two (2) weeks. Some of the questions submitted will be chosen to be posted here, along with the corresponding answers.
Note that the "Questions and Answers" posted on the site have been editedall personal references are removed, Scripture references or from some source may be added, and sometimes portions are expandedto make the questions and answers more useful to a larger audience.
|© 2020 The Orthodox Presbyterian Church
Chaplains and Military Personnel


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How we see the far side of the Sun
Using a combination of instruments on board the ESA/NASA SOHO spacecraft and the latest astronomical techniques, astronomers can look around the Sun and see through it to measure solar activity on the far side.
The ESA/NASA SOHO spacecraft has an instrument on board called the Michelson Doppler Imager, or MDI.
Using a technique called 'helioseismology', MDI can produce images and detect active regions, or sunspots, on the Sun's far side in a similar way that seismologists learn about the Earth's interior by monitoring waves caused by earthquakes.
Using sound to 'look' through the Sun
In the 1960s it was discovered that sound waves travelled inside the Sun and later realised that these could be used to make direct measurements of the star's internal structure and dynamics.
Since the Sun is a ball of hot gas, its interior transmits sound very well. Sound waves that travel through the Sun can be used to build up a picture of the invisible internal structure and dynamics of the star.
Doing an ultrasound scan of the Sun!
These sound waves are detected by measuring by the 'Doppler shift' of light emitted at the Sun's surface. Movement of the gas near the surface causes vigorous turbulence that produces a broad spectrum of random noises.
This technique can detect sunspots that appear on the otherwise homogeneous surface, even on the far side of the Sun, because of the changes in the wave patterns seen on the visible side. Although MDI can only observe the central part of the Sun's disc at any given time – not the edges - it can produce whole-Sun maps of magnetic activity, every 12 hours.
While the physics is slightly different, helioseismology uses sound waves to probe the interior of the Sun in a way similar to a sonogram, or ultrasound scan, is used to image babies inside expectant mothers.
SOHO's SWAN instrument used in new method
Another technique was applied to the duo of giant sunspots 10486 and 10488, the same active regions that caused so much intense solar activity a few weeks ago.
This technique, the new 'Lyman-alpha' method, uses SOHO's SWAN instrument (Solar Wind Anisotropies) and indirectly monitors the far side of the Sun by mapping the sky around it in ultraviolet light.
The Sun and most of the Solar System are bathed in a huge cloud of interstellar hydrogen. This gas lights up with 'Lyman-alpha' emission (a particular frequency of light emitted by hydrogen atoms) when it is hit by ultraviolet radiation from the Sun.
Seen from SOHO, the region of the sky around the Sun is in fact illuminated by the far side of the Sun. Since active regions on the Sun are brighter in Lyman-alpha light, the sky is brighter in the region facing them, like a lighthouse beam rotating in fog. Any change in the solar activity can be seen from the amount of Lyman-alpha emission observed by SWAN.
Tools for space weather forecasts
Due to the Sun's 27-day rotation period, the two sunspots 10486 and 10488 disappeared from view on 4 November, and reappeared on the east limb around 18 November. But because SWAN can track solar activity at the limbs, it saw sunspots 10486 and 488 actually increase in strength as they rounded to the far side.
Since then, the activity of the two sunspots significantly decreased, reducing also the probability of a new episode of solar storms. However, latest measurements of 18 and 19 November show a new increase of their activity.
Seismic imaging with MDI proved very useful in following the development of these huge active regions in late October and early November, and allowed us to accurately predict of their reappearance. SWAN allowed us to estimate more quantitatively the solar activity.
Together with the other instruments on board SOHO, SWAN and MDI provide formidable tools for us to produce more accurate forecasts of the space weather which can create problems for many space activities and even operations on Earth.


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UN Inter-Agency Cluster on Trade and Productive Capacity
The CEB Inter-Agency Cluster on Trade and Productive Capacity is an interagency mechanism dedicated to the coordination of trade and development operations at the national and regional levels within the UN system.
The Cluster, makes a concrete and direct contribution to the UN system-wide coherence reform by coordinating its participation in the:
- Delivering as One UN Pilots and countries involved in a new UNDAF process, and
- United Nations Development Group (UNDG) machinery, in view of the formulation of new United Nations rules and standard mechanisms for development operations.
The Cluster is led by UNCTAD and includes UNIDO, UNDP, ITC, FAO, WTO, UNEP, ILO, UNCITRAL, UNOPS and the five UN Regional Commissions.


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Editors' note: The rating on this review has been lowered because of changes in the competitive marketplace.
Ever since we gave the Panasonic TH-50PZ800U an Editors' Choice award as our favorite plasma HDTV so far, we've been bombarded by variations of the same question: "Is the more expensive TH-50PZ850U better?" After finally getting the chance to review the 850U, our answer is "no." The TH-50PZ850U is the company's flagship plasma, the most expensive in its lineup, but the less expensive 800U we tested delivered slightly better picture quality, mainly due to its superior color accuracy. Don't get us wrong; the 850U still put up a great picture, and some viewers may well appreciate its wider, albeit less accurate, color gamut. The flagship model's biggest step-up feature is Viera Cast, Panasonic's first attempt at connecting one of its TVs directly to the Internet, which currently allows the TV to display digital photos from Google's Picasa service, YouTube videos, and stocks and weather info. Problem is, we're not sure how many high-end HDTV shoppers care about viewing crud-quality YouTube videos on their beautiful HDTVs. In the end we think sticklers for picture quality will opt for the 800U series, and YouTube will not figure into the decision.
The TH-50PZ850U looks exactly like the TH-50PZ800U with the exception of the coloring of its "lips" below the screen--dark gray on the 800 and black on the 850--so if you've read that review, feel free to skip down the page unless you like the feeling of deja vu.
In photos the television looks a lot like every other HDTV on the market: a glossy black rectangle. In person, however, it's a lot more striking and less glossy. In fact, the black frame around the screen isn't glossy at all; it's simply fronted by a big pane of glass that lends the panel a somewhat more-sophisticated look than a typical set, where the frame is raised a quarter-inch or so from the surface of the screen. Below the screen, the Panasonic's frame has what resembles a pair of pursed lips that protrude forward, bearing the logo and hiding a set of inputs behind a flip-down door.
The stand looks identical to the sloped number common to lower-end 2008 Panasonic plasmas like the TH-46PZ85U and the TH-42PX80U, but unlike those stands, this one swivels, courtesy of a lazy-Susan-like base hidden underneath. Including stand, the TH-50PZ850U measures 49.9 inches wide by 33.4 inches high by 15.3 inches deep and weighs 92.6 pounds; divested of stand its size shrinks to 49.9 by 31.2 by 4.1 inches and its weight to 81.6 pounds.
Panasonic's remote remains the same as last year, and we remain fans of its layout. The medium-length wand groups the distinct sets of right-size buttons in an easy-to-feel arrangement. Unlike the clicker included with the 800, the 850's clicker includes limited backlighting--just the channel, volume and keys to control other gear light up.
A familiar yellow-on-blue menu system leads to the television's setup functions, and although the graphics lack the panache of a Sony or a Samsung menu, navigation was intuitive enough. We liked that the company renamed its previously confusing "Normal" command to "Reset," which more accurately describes what it does to your picture settings.
Like many flagship products, the TH-50PZ850U is a guinea pig for a new feature not found on less expensive models. In the case of the Samsung LN46A750, for example, that feature was interactive content, a sort of www-lite, and the Panasonic's Viera Cast, available only on the PZ850U series, could be described in the same way. The service currently allows you to view YouTube videos, photos uploaded to Google's Picasa photo sharing service, news and stock information courtesy of Bloomberg (although unlike the Samsung, there's no way to create a custom portfolio), and local weather. Panasonic says it will add more content in the future, and in the next year or two we expect to see some iteration of VieraCast migrate down to less expensive Panasonic TVs.
We already tested Viera Cast extensively, as recorded in this blog post, so we won't go into it too much here except to say that, while it's cool to have that kind of stuff built-in, a cheap laptop hooked up to the TV itself can do a better job. If you really want YouTube on your TV without a PC or AppleTV, however, Viera Cast might be worth it to you.
Unlike the less expensive TH-50PZ800U, the flagship TH-50PZ850U is not THX certified. We're not exactly sure why, but we guess it has something to do with keeping prices down; perhaps the cost of including the THX license and Viera Cast would have driven the price into a place that, unlike Pioneer, Panasonic didn't want to go. It may also have to do with differing color gamuts (see Performance). Regardless, it's pretty confusing for a flagship product to lack a major picture quality feature that its step-down cousin includes.
The 850U does have a wider color gamut compared with the 800U, and in place of the THX mode there's a picture mode the company calls "Studio Reference." This model also features the ability to fine-tune the color temperature and a host of other picture parameters like gamma, courtesy of a "Pro Setting" picture menu that's only available when you select the "Custom" picture mode. Otherwise the feature set is basically identical to that of the TH-50PZ800U.
Naturally the high-end TH-50PZ850U has a native resolution of 1,920x1,080 pixels, or 1080p, which is fast becoming a standard feature on all flat-panel HDTVs. As we've said before, however, the difference between 1080p and lower resolutions is difficult to discern, even at this relatively large screen size.
We appreciated the ability to adjust all of the five picture modes, including Studio Reference, and the fact that the Custom mode is independent per input. Additional picture controls include a color management option that we left off; a "C.A.T.S." mode that changes contrast on the fly and so should be left turned off; two species of noise reduction; and a black level control. There's also a "24p direct in" option that changes the set's refresh rate from 60Hz to 48Hz for compatibility with 1080p/24 signals; check out Performance for more details.
Panasonic also touts Game mode, which is little more than an easy way to select a particular input. A quick press of the "Game" button on the remote toggles between any of the inputs that have been labeled "Game" in the input naming menu. Pressing that button does not engage the Game picture mode (which is simply another collection of adjustable picture settings) nor does it affect video processing or lag time between controller and screen--although, to be fair, such modes on other HDTVs have little value as far as we can tell.
The TH-50PZ850U offers five aspect ratio controls for HD sources, more than most HDTVs on the market. There's also a setting called "HD Size 2" that allows the TV to display every pixel of 1080i and 1080p sources without overscan or scaling, and we recommend using it unless you notice interference along the extreme edges of the screen, which can occur on some HD sources. Unlike the 800U we tested, the 850U we received for this review had "HD Size 2" selected by default. A selection of five modes is also available for SD sources.
A new menu for 2008 deals with burn-in or, as the company calls it, "image retention." There's a pixel orbiter that moves the entire image gradually around the screen, along with an option to set the 4:3 mode to include gray bars to either side of the picture (as opposed to black, which cause image retention more easily than gray). On the off chance that the plasma retains an image, there's a scrolling bar that slides across the screen as a sort of eraser.
We would have liked to see an energy saver mode on this TV, but there is one extra that really helps ameliorate power consumption. When you first plug in and set up the TV, it asks you whether you're in a store or home environment. Choosing "home" engages the Standard picture preset by default across all of the inputs, which saves quite a bit of power over the Vivid preset. This savings is reflected in our Juice Box measurements below, where default was measured in Standard mode.


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Our data we once kept in drives and disks,
Protecting it for use some future day;
Predictably, we did not know the risks:
Its storage starts the process of decay
But scan a sonnet; digitize a play
Record a speech—whatever you might choose
And store it in synthetic DNA
Encoded there in zeroes, ones and twos—
Your data, but converted to base three,
Recorded in nucleic acid bases
(We often write them A, C, G and T)
Which guard against the stuff that time erases
Who would have guessed the cutting edge would find
A storage system older than mankind?
So, yeah, take a look at this. I have, in my office, several copies of the works of Shakespeare, in different formats. Facsimile editions of early issues, the Riverside edition, some other things… one on CD-ROM, and (a gift from someone who knows me very well) a wonderful miniature Romeo and Juliet about the size of a matchbox. At my undergrad college, there was a set of Shakespeare in the general collection stacks of the library that was a limited edition printing, with gilt-edged pages and hand-printed illustrations–I wanted to steal it to keep it safe from people who wanted to… erm… steal it. (I didn't. I hope it is still there.)
Whether you store your Shakespeare in paper form or in ones and zeroes on a flash device, hard drive, or CD-ROM, your choice of medium has a lifespan. It will decay. Electronic storage that continually checks for errors can be, in the long long long term, expensive. At least expensive enough that researchers are willing to look for alternatives. And it turns out, there is a tried and true method of data storage that can handle incredible amounts of data in very little physical space, in a stable medium (given reasonable storage–even in bad conditions, this medium has been known to accurately store data for tens of thousands of years).
In case you missed it, that's a link to a CNN article on data storage in DNA.
Scientists have developed a technique of storing information in DNA, the molecule found in living creatures including humans that contains genetic instructions. The experiment is discussed in a new study in the journal Nature.
Y'know, it's kind of funny to hear people talk about how we are going to make this giant leap forward when the singularity comes and we can download our consciousness to some digital form. We practically fetishize digital storage. How does DNA storage compare?
The technique, researchers said, could even encode a zettabyte's worth of data. That's enough to encompass the total amount of digital information that currently exists on Earth, which would be "breathtakingly expensive" right now, Birney said.
Researchers used five different kinds of digital information to show that their method would work to preserve a variety of media in DNA. These included a text file with William Shakespeare's 154 sonnets, a PDF of a scientific paper, a photo in JPEG format of the European Bioinformatics Institute, and an MP3 audio excerpt of Martin Luther King's "I Have a Dream" speech.
Scientists showed that they could encode these files in DNA and then, by sequencing the DNA, reconstruct them with 100% accuracy.
Damn, that is cool.
It's not in binary, though, much as I love my ones and zeroes; that's not the way DNA stores data:
Text on your computer, while it may look like words, is actually encoded in your computer as ones and zeros – this is called binary. For the purposes of DNA synthesis, scientists took that information and converted it to base 3 – that is, zeroes, ones and twos.
From there, the data gets translated into collections of DNA's nucleic acid bases, represented by the letters A, C, G and T.
That's how scientists encode the DNA fragments.
One last thing… my silly little sonnet, up above there? If that were converted to DNA, what size of storage device are we looking at?
DNA has the advantage of being light and small, researchers said. One of Shakespeare's sonnets would weigh 0.3 picograms (10^-12) grams, said Nick Goldman, lead study author.
At the risk of repeating myself… Damn, that is cool.
(Blog post title from sonnet 123, if you were wondering.)


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Jul 11 2012
Cool Fishing T Shirt
We always like to give a shout out to those that pick up the Lateral Line brand. Tidal Fish picked us up in their online fishing store and we found something in addition to their site worth giving a shout out. Their striped bass fishing t-shirt jumped out at us as pretty cool design. If you are into the saltwater inshore fishing scene and chase striped bass this t-shirt is worth a look. It comes in short sleeve and long sleeve. And while you are surfing their online store make sure you check out the hot new performance fishing t-shirt designs by Lateral Line. They have them up in their fishing shop before we do…. ouch that hurts man. Keep an eye out for them here on the Lateral Line soon.
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Whether your unquenchable thirst is for knowledge or something a little more... alcoholic, this week's set of apps will have you covered. And once you're saturated with either, there's even something to help you keep it all together—which you'll be especially thankful for where the latter's concerned.
Strophes: While lyric reading app Strophes has already been in the Mac App Store for a while, more often than not, it's when you're on the go that you'll need to whip out lyrics at a moments notice. So whether want to sing along or end a friendly argument about the correct words (or lines... or paragraphs...), Strophes has finally arrived in pocket form, ready to offer sage lyric wisdom at your every whim. [Free]
Piki: You may already be familiar with Turntable.fm's standalone app that lets you and your friends stream and listen to music together, but their newest offering for iOS is a different kind of music-sharing beast altogether. [Free]
Minibar: Cocktail apps are nothing new, but as they generally appeal to a demographic practically willing to drink gasoline so long as it'll give 'em a buzz, none really offered the refinement and knowledge we were looking for. Nothing, that is, until Minibar. [$3]
Flowboard: Photo collages and scrapbooking can be dull, arduous processes that don't transfer well to your digital life. And most web and mobile apps meant to translate the process will often take just as much time, but Flowboard lets you create an easily shareable, beautiful product in a matter of minutes. [Free]


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Some may think it is ok to debate the merits of handing out rings to the champions of the American League. however, one thing we are certain of…Two banners is completely acceptable. So we have added new t-shirts to the Rays Index Store.
Besides, this seemed like an excellent way for The Rayshead Army to remind the Yankees and Red Sox exactly who is chasing whom this season.
Click on any image to be taken directly to that item in the Rays Index Store…


text: Softness isn't just a concept, it's a lifestyle. That's why we've searched high and low to bring you the most luxurious body care and bath products in the world. Whether you want to take a long, fragrant bath or need to soothe and soften your hands and feet, our range has something for you.Many women take especially good of their hands. Hands are always on display, which is why we offer a range of rich hand lotions and nail care products. The same holds true for our foot care selection, offering everything from buffers to soaks.Speaking of soaks, there are few things more comforting than hot water, whether in the form of a steaming cup of herbal tea or a full bathtub. Our bath products include herbal preparations, oils, and body lotions that can keep your skin soft and smooth long after you dry off.With brands like Jane Iredale, Rodial, and Oliv', you'll be able to find the perfect treat for yourself, or someone you care about. Take a few minutes to browse our bath and body products today.


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Join The City of Shamballa - Reiki Attunement Social Network
Happy Birthday (multi-language) Chipmunks - Happy Birthday to You!!! http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wFh-rX_Sfhs Native American Flute - Happy Birthday
Welcome to City of Shamballa !!! BINE AI VENIT !!!
Enjoy looking around; do join the groups where you can share subjects with other beautiful souls here. Feel free to add discussion, comments, stories and pictures, to share with our, and now your family here. Go and get attunements .You just have to decide which one at the moment , use Recommended Attunement Order (for Chris Comish's attunements)
May i suggest you,for the beggining, to join the group for new users http://www.cityofshamballa.net/group/new-members if you would like to tell us something about yourself. We would love to get to know you!
i also suggest you the Art of Blessing event.
Blessings, Sebastian
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Turning calculations
Differential Steering
For a differential drive system, the "center point" where all the turning calculations are based from is based on the location of all the various driving wheels. To keep the process simple, we recommend that you try to keep the wheels evenly spaced so the center is just half way between all the wheels. If the system has a caster, then you can just ignore it for simplicity.
For the calculations we will say that the distance between the wheels from one side to the other is W. We will also say that the desired swing radius from the center is R, and the desired speed is V. The speed of the left side will be defined as VL and the speed of the right side as VR.
Ackermann Steering
Ackermann steering is the steering system used in just about every automobile. Normally the center point is located between a pair of fixed wheels. However this system can have the "center point" located anywhere you want. We will define the distance from the center point to the wheel length-wise as H. We will also define the turning radius as R. We will define the angle of the left and right wheels as ΘL and ΘR respectively. We will also define W as the distance between the wheels on each side.
NOTE: you can add additional pivoting wheels. Just change the value of H to the distance for those wheels.


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Lamborghini Aventador vs Ferrari F12 Racing down an AirstripSeptember 27th, 2013
Here we have one of of the ultimate super car match ups, a Lamborghini Aventador vs the Ferrari F12 racing from a roll down an airstrip in Germany put on by GTBoard. While both are powered by 700+ HP V12 engines, the configuration for each is quite different.
The Aventador priced at around $450k has a 6.5L 700 HP V12 in the rear with all wheel drive and a single clutch ISR transmission while the $691k Ferrari F12 has a 6.3L 730HP V12 mounted up front with rear wheel drive and a dual clutch transmission.
As you can see the video it's a pretty close race from a roll, with Ferrari F12 having a slight edge simply due to it's dual clutch transmission which allows it to shift faster than the Aventador and gain a tiny bit each time the Aventador has to switch gears. Of course from a roll it would be a different story as the Aventador's all wheel drive system would catapult it ahead putting the Ferrari so far behind it would most likely never be able to catch up.


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- Yield
- Makes 4 servings
- 3/4 cup water
- 1/4 cup (1/2 stick) unsalted butter
- 1/2 teaspoon sugar
- 1/8 teaspoon salt
- 3/4 cup all purpose flour
- 4 large eggs
- Preheat oven to 375°F. Line 2 baking sheets with parchment paper. Combine 3/4 cup water, butter, sugar and salt in heavy medium saucepan. Bring to boil. Remove from heat. Add flour; stir vigorously with wood spoon until mixture is smooth. Stir over medium heat until mixture forms ball, about 3 minutes (mixture will be stiff). Stir 2 minutes longer to allow flour to cook thoroughly. Remove from heat. Make well in center; break 1 egg into well. Stir vigorously until egg is incorporated and mixture is smooth. Repeat with remaining eggs, adding 1 at a time.
- Transfer dough to pastry bag with 1/2-inch plain round tip. Pipe 1 1/4-inch-diameter, 1-inch-high mounds spaced 2 inches apart onto baking sheets. Bake profiteroles until puffed and golden, about 35 minutes. Cool on sheets. (Can be made 1 day ahead. Store airtight at room temperature.)
- Cut 12 profiteroles horizontally in half (reserve remainder for another use). Fill each bottom half with 1 heaping tablespoon chocolate cream. Cover with tops. (Can be made 3 hours ahead. Cover; chill.)
- Divide Raspberry Sauce among 4 plates. Top each with 3 profiteroles. Drizzle with Chocolate Sauce.


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WASHINGTON - The Federal Reserve will further slow the pace of its bond purchases because it thinks a strengthening U.S. job market needs less support. But it's offering no clear signal about when it will start raising its benchmark short-term rate.
Most economists think a rate increase is at least a year away despite signs of rising inflation. And at a news conference, Fed Chair Janet Yellen downplayed concerns about inflation.
Recent inflation figures are "noisy," Yellen said.
Her comment suggested that the Fed doesn't see a rate increase as necessary anytime soon to combat rising inflation.
The Fed announced its decisions in a statement Wednesday after it ended a two-day policy meeting. The statement was nearly identical to the one the Fed issued after its last meeting in April. It reiterated its plan to keep short-term rates low "for a considerable time" after it ends its bond purchases, which have been intended to keep long-term loan rates low.
The Fed also downgraded its forecast for growth for 2014, acknowledging that a harsh winter caused the economy to shrink in the January-March quarter. In addition, the Fed barely raised its forecast for inflation.
The Fed expects growth to be just 2.1 per cent to 2.3 per cent this year, down from 2.8 per cent to 3 per cent in its last projections in March. It thinks inflation will be a slight 1.5 per cent to 1.7 per cent by year's end, near its earlier estimate.
It foresees the unemployment rate, now at 6.3 per cent, dipping to between 6 per cent and 6.1 per cent by the end of this year. That's a slight improvement from the Fed's forecast in March, when it predicted that unemployment would be as high as 6.3 per cent at year's end.
The reaction in financial markets was muted. Stocks edged slightly higher, and bond yields remained about where they were before the Fed made its announcement.
The Fed's decision to further pare its bond buying means its monthly purchases of long-term bonds will be reduced from $45 billion to $35 billion starting in July. It marked the fifth cut in the purchases since December as the Fed slows the support it's providing the economy.
The bond buying is expected to end altogether by fall.
The Fed's statement was approved on an 11-0 vote, with support from the Fed's three newest members: Vice Chairman Stanley Fischer, board member Lael Brainard and Loretta Mester, the new president of the Fed's regional bank in Cleveland.
The slight changes in the Fed's statement pointed to signs of a strengthening economy now that a brutal winter has passed. The statement said economic activity had "rebounded," with gains in the job market, household spending and business investment.
The statement signalled no concern about the recent acceleration in inflation. It repeated language on inflation in which the Fed said it was still concerned that inflation remained below its 2 per cent target.


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The life cycle cost of any equipment is the total lifetime costs of purchasing, installing, operating, maintaining and disposing of that piece of equipment.
The lifetime of a pumping system is typically 10-20 years.
When used as a comparison tool between possible design or overhaul alternatives, the LCC process will show the most cost-effective solution based on the available data.
Adjusting for price changes over time
Since the time frame is 10 – 20 years, costs must be adjusted for changes in the purchasing power so a meaningful comparison can be made. Energy prices have for example increased radically over recent years and are expected to continue rising more than general inflation in the future.
Given that the calculation extends over such a long period of time, the most correct way of calculating LCC would be based on the capital value method.
Calculating Present Value (PV)
Money spent some time in the future has a different value than the same amount spent today. Some costs occur regularly each year (e.g., energy, routine maintenance). While not occurring every year, other costs occur frequently enough that they can be averaged to an annual expenditure (e.g., mechanical seal replacement). Finally, there are expenses that occur so infrequently that they must be treated as single cost elements and cannot be averaged (e.g., major rebuild, disposal cost at the end of the pump's life). Single cost elements costs are treated differently, as shown below:
The present cost (Cp) of a single cost element, Cn paid after "n" years, can be calculated approximately as follows:
Cp = Cn_____ = 1000 = 554
[ 1+ (i – p) ]n [ 1+ (0,05 - 0,02) ]20
n = number of years
p = expected annual inflation
i = interest rate
i–p = real discount rate
Cn = cost paid after "n" years
Cp = present cost of a single cost element Cn
To calculate the present value (PV) of several cost elements, their calculated present cost values are added.
Further reading
"A Guide to LCC Analysis for Pumping Systems" is a reference book about Life Cycle Costs. It is the result of collaboration between:
- Hydraulic Institute
- Europump
- US Department of Energy's Office of industrial Technologies


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Our Position & Actions On IDEA /Special Education
Our Positions
NEA Priorities for IDEA Reauthorizaton
NEA worked closely with U.S. Representative, Senators, their staffs, and other advocacy groups to improve this landmark legislation. More»
NEA Policy On Policy Behavior Intervention Supports
By official policy NEA supports Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports (PBIS) programs because they help teachers recognize the significance of classroom management and preventive school discipline to maximize student success. PBIS strategies are critical to providing all young people with the best learning environment. The full policy statement is available here.
NEA Policy On Response to Intervention
By official policy NEA finds that Response to Intervention (RTI) offers support to all students who need it by focusing assistance on them without labeling them. RTI is seen a a powerful tool that can transform how we address students needs in our schools. The full policy statement is available here.
NEA Policy On Universal Design For Learning
In today's dynamic, diverse classrooms, Universal Design for Learning (UDL) offers all educators and students an exciting opportunity to use strategies and technologies that bridge the gap in learner skills, interests, and needs. By accommodating students' diff erent learning styles, UDL is able to transform instruction into a more engaging, meaningful experience. The full policy statement is available here.
NEA Analysis: IDEA Final Regulations
NEA's preliminary analysis offers a mixed review for the Department of Education's final regulations for implementing the reauthorized Individuals with Disabilities Education Act of 2004. The regulations became effective October 13, 2006. More»
Our Actions
- NEA Wins Key Changes on IDEA Reauthorization Bill
- NEA Offers Support for IDEA Reauthorization
- NEA/ IDEA Coalition Offers Proposal for IDEA Funding


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Financial Times Unveils 70-Foot Interactive Wall in Grand Central Terminal
The Financial Times took the wraps off its latest U.S. marketing campaign in New York's Grand Central Terminal Tuesday. The exhibit and accompanying campaign, which boasts both online and offline components, highlight the publication's growing investment in data journalism.
Between now and Thursday, those passing by are invited to interact with a large, touch-sensitive floor mat positioned on the west end of Grand Central, in Vanderbilt Hall. With the help of three "brand ambassadors," who will be positioned by the exhibit at all times, visitors can move around an FT-branded mat to interact with a series of 3D interactive infographics projected 70 feet high on the hall's south wall.
The infographics touch on three central topics of the FT's coverage: the position of the U.S. relative to the global economy, the spread and growth of mobile technology, and the global recession and recovery, U.S. managing editor Rob Grimshaw said in an interview with Mashable. All three were designed by David McCandless, author of Information Is Beautiful (and this great TED Talk).
The online extension of the campaign resides at ftgraphicworld.com, where visitors can watch videos of the infographics in action and share their reactions through an embedded Facebook comment widget. Visitors can also take advantage of a free, one-week subscription offer from the FT.com.
While were impressed by the infographics and the data housed therein, it seems unfortunate that the FT didn't develop infographics that could have worked on the website in addition to — or even instead of — the exhibit set up in Grand Central. The decision certainly limited the much wider reception the campaign might have enjoyed online, we think.
Images courtesy of The Financial Times, Mashable.


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Judge Jasso, JP 5-2
Justice of the Peace 5-2
Beckley Courthouse – 410 S. Beckley Avenue, Dallas, Texas 75203
(214) 943-5981 Main • (214) 943-3695 Fax
Office E-mail: email@example.com
Hours of Operation 8:00am - 4:00pm, Monday - Friday
Se Habla Español
JUDGE JUAN JASSO was elected Justice of the Peace in 1995. He has a B. A. Degree in Government from Pan American University (1980-Edinburg, Texas) and a J. D. Degree from the University of Houston School of Law (1986).
He was born and raised in the Rio Grande Valley in South Texas. Judge Juan Jasso was an migrant farm worker until he attended college. He is married to Delia, and they have two children, Eric and Laura. They reside in the Oak Cliff area of Dallas.
Judge Jasso combines his legal background with a common sense approach to appropriately render fair and just decisions in his Court. He treats everyone with respect and proper decorum so that they will feel they were given every opportunity to represent themselves in court.


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Genre: Drama
Premiere: 2006 -
Network: NBC
IMDB Rating: 7.2/10
Sessons: 4
Full Episodes: 80
Watch Stream Online:
Full Show Summary
After a mysterious solar eclipse takes place, several ordinary people in many walks of life all over the world begin to develop equally mysterious superhuman abilities. A cheerleader suddenly finds herself impervious to injury. A man whose older brother is running for political office begins to believe that he might be able to fly. A police officer begins to be able to hear the thoughts of others. An artist begins to create paintings that accurately predict the future. A young man in Japan discovers he can freeze or speed up time through sheer force of will. All of these characters have one thing in common. They are destined to change the world. "Heroes" tells several stories at once, following many characters as they learn more about their powers and about how using their powers effects their lives and makes them question their place in the world. While some are afraid of what they can now do, others decide to use their powers for the good of others. An Indian scientist believes he knows what may have caused the sudden appearance of superhuman abilities in the world and is fervent in his desire to study the phenomenon more closely and learn the truth. However, there are other forces at work. There is a mysterious "Company" as well as the enigmatic Mr. Linderman, who seem to know far more about those with amazing abilities than might be expected. Some members of the Company are even close companions or even relatives of those with abilities. Do they have the best interests at heart for those affected? Or do they have a more sinister agenda? And who is the mysterious villain known as Sylar who has decided to use his powers for his own nightmarish ends, and who refuses to let anyone stand in his way?
Last Episode, 08 February 2010: Season 4, Episode 19: Brave New WorldClaire and Noah are buried deep beneath the earth, and must face the possibility that Noah will die. Peter and Sylar must convince Matt that Sylar's repentance is sincere, while Hiro comes to the end of his hero's journey.
- Episode Guide
- Cast
Similar TV Shows
Watch Heroes Online - Stream, Buy, Rent, Download
Heroes is available to watch on NBC. You can also stream, buy, rent, download full episodes of Heroes on Netflix, Amazon, Hulu, Apple iTunes, VUDU, Google Play.