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Textile - Related Links
Open Access Articles- Top Results for Textile
Journal of Textile Science & EngineeringSynthesis of a Novel Nanoencapsulated n-Eicosane Phase Change Material with Inorganic Silica Shell Material for Enhanced Thermal Properties through
Journal of Textile Science & EngineeringSynthesis of a Novel Nanoencapsulated n-Eicosane Phase Change Material with Inorganic Silica Shell Material for Enhanced Thermal Properties through
Journal of Textile Science & EngineeringDevelopment of Nonwoven Fabric from Recycled Fibers
Journal of Textile Science & EngineeringExperimenting Backing Material of Hand Block Printing Table by Using Alternate Sources: All over Double Colour
Journal of Textile Science & EngineeringThe Use of Titration Technique and FTIR Bands to Determine the Deacetylation Degree of Chitosan Samples
A textile[1] or cloth[2] is a flexible woven material consisting of a network of natural or artificial fibres often referred to as thread or yarn. Yarn is produced by spinning raw fibres of wool, flax, cotton, or other material to produce long strands.[3] Textiles are formed by weaving, knitting, crocheting, knotting, or pressing fibres together (felt).
The words fabric and cloth are used in textile assembly trades (such as tailoring and dressmaking) as synonyms for textile. However, there are subtle differences in these terms in specialized usage. Textile refers to any material made of interlacing fibres. Fabric refers to any material made through weaving, knitting, spreading, crocheting, or bonding that may be used in production of further goods (garments, etc.). Cloth may be used synonymously with fabric but often refers to a finished piece of fabric used for a specific purpose (e.g., table cloth).
The word 'textile' is from Latin, from the adjective textilis, meaning 'woven', from textus, the past participle of the verb texere, 'to weave'.[4]
The word 'fabric' also derives from Latin, most recently from the Middle French fabrique, or 'building, thing made', and earlier as the Latin fabrica 'workshop; an art, trade; a skillful production, structure, fabric', which is from the Latin faber, or 'artisan who works in hard materials', from PIE dhabh-, meaning 'to fit together'.[5]
The word 'cloth' derives from the Old English clað, meaning a cloth, woven or felted material to wrap around one, from Proto-Germanic kalithaz (compare O.Frisian 'klath', Middle Dutch 'cleet', Dutch 'kleed', Middle High German 'kleit', and German 'kleid', all meaning "garment").[6] There are several different types of fabric from two main sources: manmade and natural. Inside natural, there are two others, plant and animal. Some examples of animal textiles are silk and wool. An example of a plant textile is cotton.
The discovery of dyed flax fibres in a cave in the Republic of Georgia dated to 34,000 BCE suggests textile-like materials were made even in prehistoric times.[7][8]
The production of textiles is a craft whose speed and scale of production has been altered almost beyond recognition by industrialization and the introduction of modern manufacturing techniques. However, for the main types of textiles, plain weave, twill, or satin weave, there is little difference between the ancient and modern methods.
Incas have been crafting quipus (or khipus) made of fibres either from a protein, such as spun and plied thread like wool or hair from camelids such as alpacas, llamas, and camels, or from a cellulose like cotton for thousands of years. Khipus are a series of knots along pieces of string. Until recently, they were thought to have been only a method of accounting, but new evidence discovered by Harvard professor Gary Urton indicates there may be more to the khipu than just numbers. Preservation of khipus found in museum and archive collections follow general textile preservation principles and practice.
During the 15th century, textiles were the largest single industry.[clarification needed] Before the 15th century textiles were produced only in a few towns but during[clarification needed], they shifted into districts like East Anglia, and the Cotswolds.[9]
Textiles have an assortment of uses, the most common of which are for clothing and for containers such as bags and baskets. In the household they are used in carpeting, upholstered furnishings, window shades, towels, coverings for tables, beds, and other flat surfaces, and in art. In the workplace they are used in industrial and scientific processes such as filtering. Miscellaneous uses include flags, backpacks, tents, nets, handkerchiefs, cleaning rags, transportation devices such as balloons, kites, sails, and parachutes; textiles are also used to provide strengthening in composite materials such as fibreglass and industrial geotextiles. Using textiles, children can learn to sew and quilt and to make collages and toys.
Textiles for industrial purposes, and chosen for characteristics other than their appearance, are commonly referred to as technical textiles. Technical textiles include textile structures for automotive applications, medical textiles (e.g. implants), geotextiles (reinforcement of embankments), agrotextiles (textiles for crop protection), protective clothing (e.g. against heat and radiation for fire fighter clothing, against molten metals for welders, stab protection, and bullet proof vests). In all these applications stringent performance requirements must be met. Woven of threads coated with zinc oxide nanowires, laboratory fabric has been shown capable of "self-powering nanosystems" using vibrations created by everyday actions like wind or body movements.[10][11]
Fashion and textile designers
Fashion designers commonly rely on textile designs to set their fashion collections apart from others. Armani, the late Gianni Versace, and Emilio Pucci can be easily recognized by their signature print driven designs.
Sources and types
Textiles can be made from many materials. These materials come from four main sources: animal (wool, silk), plant (cotton, flax, jute), mineral (asbestos, glass fibre), and synthetic (nylon, polyester, acrylic). In the past, all textiles were made from natural fibres, including plant, animal, and mineral sources. In the 20th century, these were supplemented by artificial fibres made from petroleum.
Textiles are made in various strengths and degrees of durability, from the finest gossamer to the sturdiest canvas. The relative thickness of fibres in cloth is measured in deniers. Microfibre refers to fibres made of strands thinner than one denier.
Animal textiles
Animal textiles are commonly made from hair, fur, skin or silk (in the silkworms case).
Wool refers to the hair of the domestic goat or sheep, which is distinguished from other types of animal hair in that the individual strands are coated with scales and tightly crimped, and the wool as a whole is coated with a wax mixture known as lanolin (sometimes called wool grease), which is waterproof and dirtproof[citation needed]. Woollen refers to a bulkier yarn produced from carded, non-parallel fibre, while worsted refers to a finer yarn spun from longer fibres which have been combed to be parallel. Wool is commonly used for warm clothing. Cashmere, the hair of the Indian cashmere goat, and mohair, the hair of the North African angora goat, are types of wool known for their softness.
Other animal textiles which are made from hair or fur are alpaca wool, vicuña wool, llama wool, and camel hair, generally used in the production of coats, jackets, ponchos, blankets, and other warm coverings. Angora refers to the long, thick, soft hair of the angora rabbit. Qiviut is the fine inner wool of the muskox.
Wadmal is a coarse cloth made of wool, produced in Scandinavia, mostly 1000~1500 CE.
Silk is an animal textile made from the fibres of the cocoon of the Chinese silkworm which is spun into a smooth fabric prized for its softness. There are two main types of the silk: 'mulberry silk' produced by the Bombyx Mori, and 'wild silk' such as Tussah silk. Silkworm larvae produce the first type if cultivated in habitats with fresh mulberry leaves for consumption, while Tussah silk is produced by silkworms feeding purely on oak leaves. Around four-fifths of the world's silk production consists of cultivated silk.[12]
Plant textiles
Grass, rush, hemp, and sisal are all used in making rope. In the first two, the entire plant is used for this purpose, while in the last two, only fibres from the plant are utilized. Coir (coconut fibre) is used in making twine, and also in floormats, doormats, brushes, mattresses, floor tiles, and sacking.
Straw and bamboo are both used to make hats. Straw, a dried form of grass, is also used for stuffing, as is kapok.
Fibres from pulpwood trees, cotton, rice, hemp, and nettle are used in making paper.
Cotton, flax, jute, hemp, modal and even bamboo fibre are all used in clothing. Piña (pineapple fibre) and ramie are also fibres used in clothing, generally with a blend of other fibres such as cotton. Nettles have also been used to make a fibre and fabric very similar to hemp or flax. The use of milkweed stalk fibre has also been reported, but it tends to be somewhat weaker than other fibres like hemp or flax.
Acetate is used to increase the shininess of certain fabrics such as silks, velvets, and taffetas.
Seaweed is used in the production of textiles: a water-soluble fibre known as alginate is produced and is used as a holding fibre; when the cloth is finished, the alginate is dissolved, leaving an open area.
Lyocell is a man-made fabric derived from wood pulp. It is often described as a man-made silk equivalent; it is a tough fabric that is often blended with other fabrics – cotton, for example.
Fibres from the stalks of plants, such as hemp, flax, and nettles, are also known as 'bast' fibres.
Mineral textiles
Asbestos and basalt fibre are used for vinyl tiles, sheeting, and adhesives, "transite" panels and siding, acoustical ceilings, stage curtains, and fire blankets.
Glass fibre is used in the production of ironing board and mattress covers, ropes and cables, reinforcement fibre for composite materials, insect netting, flame-retardant and protective fabric, soundproof, fireproof, and insulating fibres. Glass fibres are woven and coated with Teflon to produce beta cloth, a virtually fireproof fabric which replaced nylon in the outer layer of United States space suits since 1968.
Metal fibre, metal foil, and metal wire have a variety of uses, including the production of cloth-of-gold and jewellery. Hardware cloth (US term only) is a coarse woven mesh of steel wire, used in construction. It is much like standard window screening, but heavier and with a more open weave. It is sometimes used together with screening on the lower part of screen doors, to resist scratching by dogs. It serves similar purposes as chicken wire, such as fences for poultry and traps for animal control.
Synthetic textiles
All synthetic textiles are used primarily in the production of clothing.
Polyester fibre is used in all types of clothing, either alone or blended with fibres such as cotton.
Aramid fibre (e.g. Twaron) is used for flame-retardant clothing, cut-protection, and armor.
Acrylic is a fibre used to imitate wools, including cashmere, and is often used in replacement of them.
Nylon is a fibre used to imitate silk; it is used in the production of pantyhose. Thicker nylon fibres are used in rope and outdoor clothing.
Spandex (trade name Lycra) is a polyurethane product that can be made tight-fitting without impeding movement. It is used to make activewear, bras, and swimsuits.
Olefin fibre is a fibre used in activewear, linings, and warm clothing. Olefins are hydrophobic, allowing them to dry quickly. A sintered felt of olefin fibres is sold under the trade name Tyvek.
Ingeo is a polylactide fibre blended with other fibres such as cotton and used in clothing. It is more hydrophilic than most other synthetics, allowing it to wick away perspiration.
Lurex is a metallic fibre used in clothing embellishment.
Milk proteins have also been used to create synthetic fabric. Milk or casein fibre cloth was developed during World War I in Germany, and further developed in Italy and America during the 1930s.[14] Milk fibre fabric is not very durable and wrinkles easily, but has a pH similar to human skin and possesses anti-bacterial properties. It is marketed as a biodegradable, renewable synthetic fibre.[15]
Carbon fibre is mostly used in composite materials, together with resin, such as carbon fibre reinforced plastic. The fibres are made from polymer fibres through carbonization.
Production methods
| Top five exporters of textiles—2013
($ billion)
Weaving is a textile production method which involves interlacing a set of longer threads (called the warp) with a set of crossing threads (called the weft). This is done on a frame or machine known as a loom, of which there are a number of types. Some weaving is still done by hand, but the vast majority is mechanised.
Knitting and crocheting involve interlacing loops of yarn, which are formed either on a knitting needle or on a crochet hook, together in a line. The two processes are different in that knitting has several active loops at one time, on the knitting needle waiting to interlock with another loop, while crocheting never has more than one active loop on the needle.
Spread Tow is a production method where the yarn are spread into thin tapes, and then the tapes are woven as warp and weft. This method is mostly used for composite materials; Spread Tow Fabrics can be made in carbon, aramide, etc.
Braiding or plaiting involves twisting threads together into cloth. Knotting involves tying threads together and is used in making macrame.
Lace is made by interlocking threads together independently, using a backing and any of the methods described above, to create a fine fabric with open holes in the work. Lace can be made by either hand or machine.
Carpets, rugs, velvet, velour, and velveteen are made by interlacing a secondary yarn through woven cloth, creating a tufted layer known as a nap or pile.
Felting involves pressing a mat of fibres together, and working them together until they become tangled. A liquid, such as soapy water, is usually added to lubricate the fibres, and to open up the microscopic scales on strands of wool.
Nonwoven textiles are manufactured by the bonding of fibres to make fabric. Bonding may be thermal or mechanical, or adhesives can be used.
Bark cloth is made by pounding bark until it is soft and flat.
Textiles are often dyed, with fabrics available in almost every colour. The dying process often requires several dozen gallons of water for each pound of clothing.[17] Coloured designs in textiles can be created by weaving together fibres of different colours (tartan or Uzbek Ikat), adding coloured stitches to finished fabric (embroidery), creating patterns by resist dyeing methods, tying off areas of cloth and dyeing the rest (tie-dyeing), or drawing wax designs on cloth and dyeing in between them (batik), or using various printing processes on finished fabric. Woodblock printing, still used in India and elsewhere today, is the oldest of these dating back to at least 220 CE in China. Textiles are also sometimes bleached, making the textile pale or white.
Textiles are sometimes finished by chemical processes to change their characteristics. In the 19th century and early 20th century starching was commonly used to make clothing more resistant to stains and wrinkles. Since the 1990s, with advances in technologies such as permanent press process, finishing agents have been used to strengthen fabrics and make them wrinkle free.[18] More recently, nanomaterials research has led to additional advancements, with companies such as Nano-Tex and NanoHorizons developing permanent treatments based on metallic nanoparticles for making textiles more resistant to things such as water, stains, wrinkles, and pathogens such as bacteria and fungi.[19]
More so today than ever before, textiles receive a range of treatments before they reach the end-user. From formaldehyde finishes (to improve crease-resistance) to biocidic finishes and from flame retardants to dyeing of many types of fabric, the possibilities are almost endless. However, many of these finishes may also have detrimental effects on the end user. A number of disperse, acid and reactive dyes (for example) have been shown to be allergenic to sensitive individuals.[20] Further to this, specific dyes within this group have also been shown to induce purpuric contact dermatitis.[21]
Although formaldehyde levels in clothing are unlikely to be at levels high enough to cause an allergic reaction,[22] due to the presence of such a chemical, quality control and testing are of utmost importance. Flame retardants (mainly in the brominated form) are also of concern where the environment, and their potential toxicity, are concerned.[23] Testing for these additives is possible at a number of commercial laboratories, it is also possible to have textiles tested for according to the Oeko-tex certification standard which contains limits levels for the use of certain chemicals in textiles products.
See also
- Bangladesh University of Textiles
- Bangladesh textile industry
- Bettsometer
- List of textile fibres
- Maya textiles
- Fiber art
- Quipu
- Realia (library science)
- Smart textiles
- Textile arts
- Textile manufacturing (terminology)
- Textile preservation
- Textile printing
- Textile recycling
- Textiles of Lampung / Mexico / Oaxaca
- Timeline of clothing and textiles technology
- Units of textile measurement
- List of fabric names
- ^ "Textile". Merriam-Webster. Retrieved 2012-05-25.
- ^ "Cloth". Merriam-Webster. Retrieved 2012-05-25.
- ^ "An Introduction to Textile Terms" (PDF). Retrieved August 6, 2006.
- ^ "Textile". The Free Dictionary By Farlex. Retrieved 2012-05-25.
- ^ Harper, Douglas. "fabric". Online Etymology Dictionary. Retrieved 2012-12-11.
- ^ Harper, Douglas. "cloth". Online Etymology Dictionary. Retrieved 2012-12-11.
- ^ Balter, M. (2009). "Clothes Make the (Hu) Man". Science 325 (5946): 1329. PMID 19745126. doi:10.1126/science.325_1329a.
- ^ Kvavadze, E.; Bar-Yosef, O.; Belfer-Cohen, A.; Boaretto, E.; Jakeli, N.; Matskevich, Z.; Meshveliani, T. (2009). "30,000-Year-Old Wild Flax Fibers". Science 325 (5946): 1359. PMID 19745144. doi:10.1126/science.1175404. Supporting Online Material
- ^ Robert S. DuPlessis (18 September 1997). Transitions to capitalism in early modern Europe. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-39773-5. Retrieved 4 February 2012.
- ^ Keim, Brandon (February 13, 2008). "Piezoelectric Nanowires Turn Fabric Into Power Source". Wired News (CondéNet). Retrieved 2008-02-13.
- ^ Yong Qin, Xudong Wang & Zhong Lin Wang (October 10, 2007). "Letter/abstract: Microfibre–nanowire hybrid structure for energy scavenging". Nature (Nature Publishing Group) 451 (7180): 809–813. PMID 18273015. doi:10.1038/nature06601. Retrieved 2008-02-13. cited in "Editor's summary: Nanomaterial: power dresser". Nature. Nature Publishing Group. February 14, 2008. Retrieved 2008-02-13.
- ^ Trevisan, Adrian. "Cocoon Silk: A Natural Silk Architecture". Sense of Nature.
- ^ Art-Gourds.com Traditional Peruvian embroidery production methods
- ^ Euroflax Industries Ltd. "Euroflaxx Industries (Import of Textiles)"
- ^ Fonte, Diwata (August 23, 2005). "Milk-fabric clothing raises a few eyebrows". The Orange County Register. Retrieved 2009-10-21.
- ^ "India overtakes Germany and Italy, is new world No. 2 in textile exports". Retrieved 2015-02-03.
- ^ Green Inc. Blog "Cutting Water Use in the Textile Industry." The New York Times. July 21, 2009. July 28, 2009.
- ^ "What makes fabric "wrinkle-free"? Is it the weave or a special type of fiber?". Ask.yahoo.com. 2001-03-15. Retrieved 2011-12-04.
- ^ "The Materials Science and Engineering of Clothing". Tms.org. Retrieved 2011-12-04.
- ^ Lazarov, A (2004). "Textile dermatitis in patients with contact sensitization in Israel: A 4-year prospective study". Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology 18 (5): 531–7. PMID 15324387. doi:10.1111/j.1468-3083.2004.00967.x.
- ^ Lazarov, A; Cordoba, M; Plosk, N; Abraham, D (2003). "Atypical and unusual clinical manifestations of contact dermatitis to clothing (textile contact dermatitis): Case presentation and review of the literature". Dermatology online journal 9 (3): 1. PMID 12952748.
- ^ Scheman, AJ; Carroll, PA; Brown, KH; Osburn, AH (1998). "Formaldehyde-related textile allergy: An update". Contact dermatitis 38 (6): 332–6. PMID 9687033. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1998.tb05769.x.
- ^ Alaee, M; Arias, P; Sjödin, A; Bergman, A (2003). "An overview of commercially used brominated flame retardants, their applications, their use patterns in different countries/regions and possible modes of release" (PDF). Environment International 29 (6): 683–9. PMID 12850087. doi:10.1016/S0160-4120(03)00121-1.
Further reading
|Look up cloth in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
- Fisher, Nora. Rio Grande Textiles (Paperbound ed.). Museum of New Mexico Press.[year needed] Introduction by Teresa Archuleta-Sagel. 196 pages with 125 black and white as well as color plates. Fisher is Curator Emirta, Textiles & Costumes of the Museum of International Folk Art.
- Good, Irene (2006). "Textiles as a Medium of Exchange in Third Millennium B.C.E. Western Asia". In Mair, Victor H. Contact and Exchange in the Ancient World. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press. pp. 191–214. ISBN 978-0-8248-2884-4.
- Arai, Masanao (Textile Industry Research Institute of Gunma). "From Kitsch to Art Moderne: Popular Textiles for Women in the First Half of Twentieth-Century Japan" (Archive). Textile Society of America Symposium Proceedings. Textile Society of America, January 1, 1998.
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My Favourite Restaurant
Of all the things people ask me about moving home from "the big city," two questions come up over and over:
1) Aren't you going to get bored?
2) How will you eat??
The answers are actually quite simple.
First, a girl can make her own fun wherever she is. Trust me. It's pretty darn simple to be in a big city with a million things to do and still feel bored and lonely. Sometimes you just have to be a little more creative in smaller towns ;)
Secondly, one word: Calactus.
Actually, one of my best friends told me that I won't miss any of those Toronto restaurants because Moncton's Calactus is all I really need.
Exaggerated, yes. But still not that far from the truth.
I've been blogging about this place for years now. It's my favourite restaurant. Ever. And all right here in my hometown.
I first started going to Calactus over a decade ago when it was in a small old house on Mountain Road. It was around the time my family first started eating vegetarian, and this vegetarian/vegan restaurant helped introduce a whole new style of eating to me.
Calactus is also home to the world's best veggie burger. Seriously. This coming from a girl who spent eight years as a vegetarian and has choked down a lot of veggie burgers in her day…
But the even better thing about this restaurant, is that they are more than just one standout dish. Everything is good. All house made, fresh, flavourful. The kind of meal that doesn't weigh you down, but leaves you feeling healthily satisfied.
Like with they're Burrito Bandito.
Or their extravaganza pizza with tomato sauce, veggie pepperoni, falafel, red onion, green pepper and cheese. Along with a beet and goat cheese salad.
I have yet to try their pakoras, but their munchables are amazing.
The Thousand and One Nights with chapati bread, feta cheese and olives, falafels, hummus, tofu cream and veggie sticks.
Their falafels are the bestest. Perfectly seasoned, crunchy on the outside, soft in the middle, without being greasy. Their tofu cream still alludes me. They put it on a lot of their dishes. Like a garlicky tofu hummus or tzatziki of sorts.
My latest visit to Calactus was on Saturday for lunch and my midday cravings wanted something rolled up in bread.
I went with a "Flute" which is essentially a wrap. Falafel flavour, because as I said, their falafel is out of this world.
With sprouts, lettuce, red onion, tomato, and a drizzle of that savoury tofu cream. My oh my it was good! Their house made chapati bread never ceases to amaze me. Always so soft and fluffy. A million times better than the usual flour tortilla.
The tabbouleh is something to write home about as well. Rather than being pre-mixed, it's couscous with the dressed parsley and tomatoes dolloped on top. Tastes almost like a bruschetta on couscous.
Then of course there's Christie and Tiffany.
My Calactus lunch-mates on Saturday. We've lunched manymany times together over the ooohhh 20 years (?) we've known each other.
They're both living back at home now too. So the three of us live just down the street from each other like we did growing up!
Except you know, with a few extra stories to tell from along the way.
Told ya, a girl can find some good fun and good food just about anywhere ;)
Posted on April 3, 2011, in Restaurants, Reviews and tagged falafel, friends, Moncton, Restaurants, vegetarian, veggie burger. Bookmark the permalink. 12 Comments.
Oh my goodness, I would want to devour pretty much everything on the menu!
Reuniting with childhood friends is the best – must be nice to be living so close :)
so happy that you're living so close to your friends AND a great restaurant!!
I'm so thrilled that you're settling in so well now that you're back home! :)
One look at your friend's smiling faces tells me you'll be just okay!
PS: I miss poodle photos!
Looks like you are enjoying being home and near your friends! :) BTW I like your hair! My last haircut didn't go so well.
Holy cow that food looks amazing! Its so cool that your long time friends are back home too. You three will have so much fun together.
that's great that your friends are so close!

subset: commoncrawl


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Castleforge Partners is a private real estate investment firm that seeks out asymmetric opportunities created by consistent market distortions. Our team is highly experienced at investing throughout the capital structure and across asset classes, guided by three principles:
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We pride ourselves on delivering superior service to our investors by seeking excellence in execution and management and our ethos combines entrepreneurial spirit with disciplined oversight in a collaborative firm culture.


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A team of NASA scientists has captured amazing radar images of a huge, mile-wide asteroid as it drifted silently millions of miles from Earth — its closest approach to our planet for the next 200 years.
Astronomers with NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif., used the agency's Deep Space Network antenna in Goldstone, Calif. to capture three new radar views of asteroid 2007 PA8 between Oct. 28 and 30. By the end of the cosmic photo session, the asteroid was about 5.6 million miles (9 million kilometers) from Earth.
As of Monday, the asteroid was about 4 million miles (6.5 million km) from our planet. That is about 17 times the distance between the Earth and moon.
"The radar images of asteroid 2007 PA8 indicate that it is an elongated, irregularly shaped object approximately one mile (1.6 km) wide, with ridges and perhaps craters," officials with NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif., wrote in an image description on Monday. "The data also indicate that 2007 PA8 rotates very slowly, roughly once every three to four days."
The new images of asteroid 2007 PA8 reveal views of the space rock from above its north pole. The images were generated from multiple radar observations taken by the 230-foot (70 meters) antenna at Goldstone. [How Radio Telescopes Probe Asteroids (Video)]
As its name suggests, asteroid 2007 PA8 was discovered in 2007 by astronomers with the Lincoln Near Earth Asteroid Research project at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology's Lincoln Laboratory. Since then, scientists have continued to learn more about the near-Earth asteroid, NASA officials said.
"The trajectory of asteroid 2007 PA8 is well understood," they wrote. "This flyby was the closest Earth approach by this asteroid for at least the next 200 years."
This isn't the first time NASA has used radar observations to capture new images of nearby asteroids. Just last year, on Nov. 8, 2011, the huge asteroid 2005 YU55 passed Earth well inside the orbit of the moon as astronomers and telescopes watched from around the world. The observation campaign captured unprecedented radar and optical images of the big asteroid, which was nearly 1,300 feet wide (400 meters).
NASA scientists and astronomers around the world regularly track near-Earth asteroids and search for previously unknown space rocks with telescopes on Earth and in space. The work is aimed at determining if any asteroids pose an impact threat to our planet.
Space news from NBCNews.com
Teen's space mission fueled by social media
Science editor Alan Boyle's blog: "Astronaut Abby" is at the controls of a social-media machine that is launching the 15-year-old from Minnesota to Kazakhstan this month for the liftoff of the International Space Station's next crew.
- Buzz Aldrin's vision for journey to Mars
- Giant black hole may be cooking up meals
- Watch a 'ring of fire' solar eclipse online
- Teen's space mission fueled by social media
NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory oversees the space agency's Near-Earth Object Program Office and includes the Asteroid Watch program, which serves as a public outreach effort. Today, Asteroid Watch scientists said another space rock, the asteroid 2012 VD5, just zoomed by Earth just beyond the moon's orbit.
Asteroid 2012 VD5 zipped by Earth at 5:38 a.m. EDT at a range of about 367,000 miles (591,000 km). That is about 1.54 times the Earth-moon distance.
"For those asking, asteroid 2012 VD5 is very small (approx. 20 meters) & not naked-eye visible," Asteroid Watch scientist wrote in a Twitter update. "So small it's not classified as hazardous."
You can follow Space.com Managing Editor Tariq Malik on Twitter@tariqjmalik and Space.com on Twitter @Spacedotcom. We're also on Facebook and Google+.
- Photos: Asteroids in Deep Space
- Asteroid Basics: A Space Rock Quiz
- The 7 Strangest Asteroids in the Solar System
© 2013 Space.com. All rights reserved. More from Space.com.


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Effingham Health System announces that effective Feb. 15, Georgia Emergency Physician Specialists, a group of leading board-certified emergency medicine specialists, will fully staff the EHS emergency department.
GEPS is an organization of emergency medicine specialists that have been staffing emergency departments and urgent care centers in Savannah since 2003.
Dr. Jay D. Goldstein will lead a team of 18 physicians with extensive experience and specialized training in dealing with emergency situations from heart attacks and strokes to abdominal pain, broken bones and various degrees of trauma. Beginning Saturday, these physicians will be available 24 hours a day, seven days a week at the hospital.
Dr. Goldstein is a board-certified emergency medicine physician and the current medical director for the Department of Emergency Medicine at Memorial University Medical Center in Savannah. He also held the role of emergency medicine medical editor for WebMD, a popular on-line medical news and information source.
"We are always focused on meeting the needs of our patients," said Norma Jean Morgan, CEO of Effingham Health System. "We feel that the expertise, experience, and the quality of care these physicians bring to the emergency room will greatly benefit our patients and our community.
"The exceptional quality of clinical care combined with cost-effectiveness, short waiting times, a comfortable and clean environment, exceptional customer service, and the convenience of being close to home is the EHS difference patients, family members, friends and the community can expect," Morgan added.
According to Goldstein, one of their main focus areas is to ensure that the community understands the importance of emergency medicine and how critical it is to get to the closest emergency department, because every minute counts during a medical emergency.
"Our decision to align with Effingham Health System to provide leadership and physician staffing in the Effingham Hospital Emergency Department was driven by several factors," Goldstein said. "The hospital's administration is committed to providing the community with life-saving emergency medicine.
"The nursing team is experienced and focused on quality and safety first," Goldstein added. "They have advanced diagnostic equipment including powerful new MRI imaging equipment, and, there is an experienced team of general surgeons available every day. We see this as an opportunity to make a positive difference in the community."
"We achieved our level IV trauma status in 2012, and by adding the level of care GEPS emergency physicians bring to our hospital, we are once again demonstrating our deep commitment to protecting and improving health care in Effingham County," said Morgan.


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This evenings football game between the Minnesota Golden Gophers and Bowling Green can be seen on ESPNU. For those who do not have access you may be in luck with an Internet site.
Check out ChannelSurfing.Net, they carry some premium channel events online and they show that they will be carrying the feed for the game.
I hear the site and feed can bog down with many users but worth giving it a shot.
The official Minnesota viewing party including the Goal Line Club starts at 5:30 PM (CDT) at Major's Sports Café:
14889 Florence Trail
Apple Valley, MN 55124
Phone: 952.432.4787
I also hear that all Major's and Joe Senser's will be showing the game. Click the previous links for locations and telephone numbers to confirm this is accurate.


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PLEASANTVILLE, N.Y. -- Five Pace University student-athletes have been recognized by the Northeast-10 Conference for their success in both the classroom and on the playing field by being named to the Spring 2017 Academic All-Conference Teams.
A Chester, N.Y native and senior on the men's lacrosse team, Brandon Donnellan was named to the Men's Lacrosse Academic All-Conference Team and was also recognized with the NE-10 Sport Excellence Award for lacrosse. Additionally, lacrosse teammate Joshua Kreitler, a junior from Shelton, Conn., Najmah James, a junior women's lacrosse standout from Danbury, Conn. and baseball seniors John Kukura of New City, N.Y. and Garrett De Lotto of Southbury, Conn. were all named to the Academic All-Conference Teams in their respective sports.
To be eligible for selection to the Northeast-10 Academic All-Conference teams, a student-athlete must participate in at least half of the team's competitions, achieve a 3.30 GPA and have completed at least one academic year.
For Donnellan, this is the third time he has been named to the Northeast-10 Academic All-Conference, and he is also a two-time Division II Athletic Directors Association Academic Achievement Award winner. Last season, Donnellan was picked as the Pace Athletics Merit Award Winner for the 2015-16 campaign and earned the prestigious Pace Athletics Darrell Halloran Memorial Award in 2017.
Kreitler made his second appearance on the NE-10 Academic All-Conference Team and has earned a spot on the NE-10 Commissioner's Honor Roll for six straight semesters. The junior attack also played a key role in the men's lacrosse team's historic season, putting together his best offensive numbers to date with 38 goals.
James helped lead the Setters to a program-best 11-6 record in 2017, as they qualified for the NE-10 Conference Championship for the second year in a row. After two seasons as an NE-10 All-Conference Second-Team honoree, she made the jump to the NE-10 All-Conference First Team in 2017. A lock-down defender, James caused 19 turnovers this season and picked up 29 ground balls, both good for second on the team.
On and off the diamond, Kukura enjoyed a highly decorated year. One of the top outfielders in the conference, he was named to the American Baseball Coaches Association (ABCA)/Rawlings Division II East All-Region Second Team for a second straight year. Kukura finished the season with a batting average of .337, tallying 15 doubles, 44 runs scored and posting a .451 on-base percentage.
Since transferring to Pace prior to the Fall 2015 semester, De Lotto has earned a spot on the NE-10 Commissioner's Honor Roll each semester at Pace. This season, the sure-handed infielder earned ECAC Player of the Week recognition and was named to the NE-10 Weekly Honor Roll three times. De Lotto compiled a 15-game hitting streak during the season, and tallied seven doubles, three triples, two home runs while posting a .995 fielding percentage.


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Get on-call help when you need it.
In the event of a technical breakdown or starting problems en route, Mercedes-Benz Service24h is there to help you. Our Service hotline will respond to your call and arrange for rapid, professional assistance. On 365 days of the year, 7 days a week and 24 hours a day, our Service24h will quickly be on its way to you. A breakdown can often be repaired right on the spot, but where this is not possible, we will make sure that your vehicle is taken to the nearest Mercedes-Benz Authorised workshop and assist in arranging alternative transportation for you.
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About twenty kilometres north of Patong. Quiet area, lots of unridden waves.
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PTSD taking a toll on returning veterans
When he heard of his good friend's death by suicide recently, National Guard Capt. Kyle Knowles said he was shocked at first but not very surprised.
"He was just a tense kind of guy. I never would have thought he would do something that drastic, but he fit the bill."
Knowles, a central Connecticut resident, husband and father who previously deployed to Iraq with the Massachusetts National Guard, now works on active duty in the ROTC center at Western New England University in Springfield. He spoke last week, a day before attending Massachusetts funeral services for his friend, who had PTSD and served at Iraq's Abu Graib prison during one of two deployments.
"I don't think he'd ever say, 'Hey, I want to kill myself,' but ... certainly somebody should have grabbed him and said, 'Dude, are you just a stressed-out guy or do you need to really talk to somebody?'" Knowles said of the man he served with about 18 months ago.
Military suicides hit a record high last year at about one a day nationally amid a chorus of concern and a growing list of prevention efforts. Connecticut officials are feeling the urgency but also some confidence in their approach.
Col. John Whitford of the Connecticut National Guard said his units have had two and three deployments to the war zones. For each, they are first sent to a behavioral health specialist. But you can only prepare so much for mental and physical trauma, and sometimes it's just white noise for a soldier headed into action.
The Powerpoints can be, "for lack of a better term, overkill," said Knowles, not part of the Connecticut Guard's new outreach. "They jam it down your throat, and I don't find it to be effective because you're getting it SO much."
Military folks call the load of preparation, and proof they saw it for commanders, "checking the block."
But officials know the danger of doing nothing, so they've put in some layered prevention plans, especially in Connecticut.
"We knew early on that some of our soldiers and airmen would be coming back with issues," Whitford said. Officials worried that "this is going to get big because, fighting in Iraq and Afghanistan, our kids are going to come home dealing with a number of issues. And it's not just battle-related. They're trying to transition back to the family, their marriage, their employer, and that's a huge whirlwind of things to deal with."
But serious problems aren't limited to those returning from the Iraq and Afghanistan engagements.
Post-traumatic stress disorder has long haunted the veterans of Vietnam, Korea and other wars. And PTSD (or traumatic brain injury caused by improvised explosive devices) takes many troubling forms.
East Haven resident Cindy Dubuque's sister Lisa Silverstein, a veteran of the Bosnia conflict, committed suicide in her Hamden home on Veterans Day 2011. She had unseen wounds.
"Her fiance was telling me that if he dropped a soda can on the ground in front of her, she wouldn't touch it," Dubuque said. "She was like, 'Oh my God, it's an IED.' Clearly she could see he had just dropped it, but her mind didn't process it that way."
She didn't get the help she needed in Connecticut moving to Hamden from Arizona, partly due to VA benefits bureaucracy.
VA, state and National Guard officials say assistance is available to returning service people, veterans and their families in these forms:
-- The Guard's Yellow Ribbon Program, which offers 30-, 60- and 90-day counseling after deployment to identify behavioral issues and begin interventions.
-- The state Military Support Program, which state officials last year expanded from just Guard and Reserve units to all military service members. A key part of it is a hotline (866-251-2913) that has had more than 3,500 calls, Veterans Affairs Commissioner Linda Schwartz said, sending military people to clinicians in their local area instead of a VA center in another part of the state.
-- The state's Veterans.ct.gov on the web.
-- The federal program Coaching Into Care, specifically for families who don't know how to talk to their veteran.
-- The VA also has a national crisis hotline at 1-800-273-8255 (and press 1), plus an anonymous chat service at veteranscrisisline.net and even a texting service available by sending a text to 838255.
Help and Hindrance
For active military, one problem with seeking treatment is stigma, according to Jim Tackett, director of veterans services for the state Department of Mental Health and Addiction Services. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act -- or HIPAA -- allows (and the Army encourages) the forwarding of a troubled service member's medical records to the member's unit, which can affect one's "permanent record" and promotability. The state's support program does not divulge such information, barring a case of suspected abuse, Tackett said.
Tackett said MSP was forged by the General Assembly after the start of the war in Afghanistan, partly because Reserve component military was not eligible for VA benefits.
Congress acted eventually to give anyone who served in Iraq or Afghanistan five-year eligibility for VA health care.
But Guard officials worried about this returning wave of service people and their family members, so Tackett's department was assigned the task of "establishing behavioral health services to this population" -- as a bridge from deployment to the VA later.
Services began in 2007, and DHMAS has worked to establish a bullpen of 435 clinicians statewide -- trained in the evidence-based practices the VA developed -- to help returning vets and loved ones, one case at a time. (VA suicide prevention worker Maureen Pasko said interventions and initiatives proven to be effective.)
In 2009, at the request of the Guard's Adjutant Gen. Thaddeus Martin, DMHAS also established a program of embedded clinicians at the company level, placing 29 such embedded clinicians to work on identifying behavioral issues.
"For instance," said Tackett, "if there's a number of veterans getting pulled over for DUIs, or there's marital-family issues evidenced by a spike in divorce, or there's some angry outbursts, we can address those issues."
The embedded clinician participates in monthly drill weekends (not deployments) and these private clinicians are "a key point of contact, a familiar face," Tackett said. "They play a role in the yellow-ribbon reintegration process, as well," for workshops on issues such as redefining family roles, or the psychological challenges faced when returning from war.
Adds Whitford, "Not only the soldier but the families get a full presentation of ... 'here's what we provide, here's how we can help'" at Yellow Ribbon's 30-, 60- and 90-day meetings.
Capt. Knowles said it's important to spot those at-risk early: "Did you identify individuals who might want more information? Did you maybe identify someone that is showing these ideations or these signs of (potential) suicide?"
Tackett said the addition of active Army folks to MSP "gives us the opportunity to work with folks who clearly have been falling through the cracks."
Congress hasn't given the OK for the VA to treat the spouse or family members of a deployed soldier, Tackett said. But state clinicians can offer outpatient counseling.
"I think the program is definitely making a difference," he said. "The availability of ... services in the communities where people live, accessible to them in a timely way, being able to access those services with a clinician who is trained in military culture ... THAT is significant. And Connecticut is unique in the country because no other state has stepped up and created a program like MSP to assure the availability of integrated clinical services in the commununities where they live." The VA, meanwhile, struggles to help veterans from several decades and wars.
"Our main goal is to assist people to get to level of care that they need," said Pasko during a break from more training Thursday. "One of the focuses of the VA program is education and training," said Pasko, "so we do a lot of that within the VA but also with community providers (offering) programs or resources for veterans even though they might not be veterans agencies." A homeless program, for example.
She, too, is confident of success amid the disturbing numbers.
"The thing I always want people to take home is that help is available and, with support, people get better."


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I created a page and I set the template as showcase and then I went to setting->reading and as a static page I choose my created page.
I'm wondering how I can add slideshows with pictures and sticky posts. I went to documentation in the link but unfortunately I couldn't find anything.


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The Revelation of St. John the Divine
It ought to be no prejudice to the credit and authority of this book that it has been rejected by men of corrupt minds, such as Cerdon and Marcion, and doubted of by men of a better character; for this has been the lot of other parts of holy writ, and of the divine Author of the scripture himself. The image and superscription of this book are truly sacred and divine, and the matter of it agreeable with other prophetical books, particularly Ezekiel and Daniel; the church of God has generally received it, and found good counsel and great comfort in it. From the beginning, the church of God has been blessed with prophecy. That glorious prediction of breaking the serpent's head was the stay and support of the patriarchal age; and the many prophecies there were concerning the Messiah to come were the gospel of the Old Testament. Christ himself prophesied of the destruction of Jerusalem; and, about the time in which that was accomplished, he entrusted the apostle John with this book of revelation, to deliver it to the church as a prediction of the most important events that should happen to it to the end of time, for the support of the faith of his people and the direction of their hope. It is called the Revelation, because God therein discovers those things which could never have been sifted out by the reasonings of human understanding, those deep things of God which no man knows, but the Spirit of God, and those to whom he reveals them.
Return To The Matthew Henry Commentary Main Index
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Filmmaker Dustin Cohen visits the Brooklyn studio of watchmaker and ex-photographer David Sokosh, who now builds and maintains the intricate timepieces. The video's look at the meticulous craft makes a strong case for still keeping a mechanical wristwatch strapped to your arm.
The short film is actually the second in Cohen's Made in Brooklyn series which focuses on craftspersons living and working in the New York borough. Next up? Bagels! Hopefully. OK, probably not. [Made in Brooklyn]


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Graduate Study in Philosophy
Welcome to the website of the Graduate Program in Social, Political, Ethical and Legal Philosophy at Binghamton University, State University of New York. Students in the SPEL program receive a traditional education in philosophy and its major sub-fields while typically specializing in areas of social, political, ethical, and/or legal philosophy. The SPEL program is strongly committed to a pluralistic approach, embracing not only the Anglo-American (analytic) and Continental (European) traditions, but also emerging and other long-established traditions.
The SPEL program offers a terminal M.A. and a Ph.D.. The M.A. is often pursued by students who are interested in postgraduate work in law, business, or public policy. The Ph.D. prepares students for a specialization in the most sought-after and fastest-growing areas in contemporary philosophy in colleges and universities. The Philosophy Department has an aggressive and highly successful program in professional development and placement.
You can learn more about the program by contacting me or following the links at the left. Recent news and notices may be found at an off-site unofficial blog.
Charles Goodman
Professor of Philosophy
Director of Graduate Studies, Philosophy Department
Binghamton University
phone: 607 777 3616
fax: 607 777 2734


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VANCOUVER — There was some shaking going on off British Columbia's coast Tuesday, but no one reported feeling the earthquake and at least four subsequent aftershocks.
The first quake, with a magnitude 6.2, was centred about 200 kilometres off Bella Bella, on B.C.'s northern coast, and occurred at 1:19 p.m. PT.
Several more aftershocks measuring between 4.5 and 4.9 were recorded in the hours after the first quake.
Natural Resources Canada seismologist Honn Kao, who is based in Sidney, said there would likely be many more aftershocks to come, but only the largest are measured immediately.
"That part of the region is known to have very active seismic activity in the past," he said. "The fact that we have magnitude 6-something in that region is not uncommon at all."
The Queen Charlotte fault zone and the Cascadia subduction are both in the area of the quake between Haida Gwaii and Vancouver Island, Kao said.
"This is, tectonically, a very, very complicated region," he added.-
He said no reports were received of that anyone closest to the quakes feeling the earth move.
The quakes were considered shallow, at around 14 kilometres deep, but didn't generate any tsunami warnings.
Kao said one of the largest factors for generating a quake is size, generally 7.5 magnitude or larger.
The shaking continued even during the telephone interview.
Kao abruptly stopped speaking when what sounded like a cellular phone chimed in the background.
"Whoops," he said. "We just had another aftershock. That's the automatic system that is telling me there's another aftershock."
That jolt measured 4.5, he said.
Kao said experts will be spending several days adding up the smaller shocks and analyzing data from the quake.
Word of the earthquake was news to Bella Bella RCMP Sgt. Glen Caston, who says he didn't feel a thing.
Caston said police haven't heard from anyone who felt any rumbling.
"It must have been a pretty soft earthquake," Caston said.
Earthquake hits Alaska
Also on Tuesday, a magnitude 6.5 earthquake was recorded in waters off Alaska's remote Aleutian Island region, where a 7.0 quake hit just last week.
The Alaska Tsunami Warning Center says there is no danger of a tsunami from Tuesday afternoon's quake.
The U.S. Geological Survey says the quake was centred about 50 miles (80 kilometres) south-southwest of the tiny community of Atka, Alaska. Scientists say earthquakes are very common in the area.
Dozens of aftershocks have been recorded since Friday's big quake.
There have been no reports of damage or injuries.


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As home to 250 million people speaking hundreds of languages and spanning some 17,000 islands in an area as wide as the continental U.S., Indonesia is one of the most populous and diverse countries in the world.
The country is about 88 percent Muslim, and it is also home to Christians, Buddhists, Hindus and Confucians. It's a place that prides itself on diversity and sees it as a source of strength. "We cannot afford not to have this diversity," says Budi Bowoleksono, Indonesia's ambassador to the United States.
The country's founding philosophy, "Pancasila," includes the notions of unity and social justice for all. Religion, politics and culture hold the country together — but there are growing concerns that the country is becoming less tolerant than it used to be.
The former governor of Jakarta, a Christian, was recently imprisoned on charges of blasphemy. Schools funded by Saudi Arabia are disseminating a stricter version of Islam than the country has previously embraced. Meanwhile, some minority sects are under attack.
Which way will Indonesia go? In traveling across the country, its diversity and complexity, its paradoxes and tensions are all apparent.
"We are diversity and harmony"
The world's largest Buddhist temple complex, on the Indonesian island of Java, dates to the eighth century. Millions of tourists visit the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Borobudur every year — most of them Indonesian.
Leo Prasetio, 23, works as a tour guide at the site. "I am a Muslim, a happy one," he says. "Actually, we are diversity and harmony now. In this city, yes."
But "the truth," Prasetio says, "is not in all of Indonesia is like this city."
"Only Islam can give justice"
In the capital, Jakarta, a Saudi-funded university called LIPIA teaches Arabic and Salafism, an ultraconservative form of Islam. Men and women sit in separate classrooms, and female students Skype into the men's classroom for their lessons. Saudi Arabia is trying to open four more LIPIA campuses in other Indonesian cities.
Sidqi Addayyan, a 27-year-old LIPIA student, is studying to become a religious teacher and hopes someday Indonesia will become an Islamic country on the Saudi model.
"I believe that only Islam can give justice, because in my opinion, if we let another ideology dominate Islam, there will be injustice," he says.
The school has "a very strong connection directly to the Saudi government," says Sidney Jones, who runs the Jakarta-based Institute for Policy Analysis of Conflict and has studied extremism in Indonesia for 40 years. "The fact is, however, that some of Indonesia's most progressive Muslims have also studied Arabic at LIPIA. So it isn't just a hotbed of Salafist Islam, though it is a very important institution for spreading Salafism."
Jones notes there is now "a much greater attention to Islamic practices that Indonesian Muslims didn't necessarily adhere to in the late 1970s and early '80s." But, she says, "people confuse a tendency toward greater piety with evidence of radicalism."
"They love the bling"
Brightly colored hijabs line the walls of Si.Se.Sa., an upscale fashion boutique in Jakarta. It's named for the three sisters who own the shop — Siriz, Senaz and Sansa, all in their 30s. They specialize in modest syar'i or "Shariah compliant" fashion and say they follow in the footsteps of their mother, also a designer.
Swarovski crystals are featured in many of the store's designs.
"In Southeast Asia," says Benedicta Citro, an Italian designer and Swarovski's representative, "they love the bling."
"In every country, they have their own identity, their own DNA," Citro says. "So, for instance, in Indonesia, they're very colorful. They are very conservative in terms of cut, but lots of bright colors."
Minority beliefs under threat
In a dimly lit crypt in Yogyakarta, Wahjudi Djaja kneels in front of a tomb and sprinkles flowers on the grave as he whispers a prayer. He practices a Javanese religion called Kejawen, also known as Kebatinan, whose rituals involve amulets and a figure known as the Queen of the South Sea.
A day before, Djaja says, his fellow worshippers were conducting a ritual in the local river when a group of hard-line Muslims showed up and tried to block them. That kind of confrontation is increasingly common, he says, and it worries him.
The road ahead
"Indonesia has given me the understanding of how to contain multitudes," says Maya Soetero-Ng, President Obama's half-sister. She was born in Indonesia and was raised there until age 14. "But it has also given me, by virtue of its worst bits, an understanding of how we have to confront the worst in human nature."
U.S. Ambassador Joseph R. Donovan says every democracy needs "careful nourishing" and cultivation of shared values. "And it also requires a healthy dose of courage as well," he says, "to stand up to say we support moderation, we support the rights of minorities. Everywhere these are being challenged, and Indonesia is not an exception there."
Maya Soetoro-Ng bridges the United States and the country of her birth.
MAYA SOETORO-NG: I was born in Indonesia. And our mother raised me there more or less until the age of 14.
SHAPIRO: You say our mother. This is you and President Barack Obama.
SOETORO-NG: That's correct.
BARACK OBAMA: Thank you to the people of Indonesia. (Speaking Indonesian).
SHAPIRO: That means, I've come back home. I recently visited Indonesia to look at how religion, politics and culture hold the country together and sometimes pull it apart. We'll explore these issues all this week. Aside from the fact that the former U.S. president spent a few years of his childhood there, Indonesia does not often pop up on most Americans' radar.
SOETORO-NG: I'm not exactly sure why Indonesia has such a low profile in the United States. Indonesians like to say it's because although they study in the United States, they miss the food too much and head back home afterwards.
SHAPIRO: In a way, it's strange that Americans don't often hear about Indonesia because it has the fourth-largest population of any country in the world, and it's one of the most diverse countries on Earth. People speak hundreds of languages spread across thousands of islands. Indonesia has more Muslims than the entire Middle East combined.
We're exploring Indonesia's diversity in our stories this week, looking at the struggle between majority rule and minority rights, threads of growing intolerance and political campaigns that value identity over policy, some of the same issues the U.S. is working through. So today - a few small snapshots, vignettes that give a sense of this country's scope and its challenges.
It's a little before 5 in the morning. The sky is just getting pale.
First - the largest Buddhist temple in the world on the island of Java. Borobudur dates back to the 8th century. Visitors wake up at 4 a.m. to climb to the top of this stone tower and watch the sunlight flood the surrounding hills. Leo Prasetio is a 23-year-old tour guide. I stop him to talk when his group of tourists from India wanders off to take selfies.
Are you Buddhist?
LEO PRASETIO: No. I am a Muslim - a happy one.
SHAPIRO: As a Muslim giving tours of this Buddhist temple...
PRASETIO: Yes.
SHAPIRO: ...How do you think about the intersection of religions?
PRASETIO: Actually, we are diversity and harmony now in this city, yes.
SHAPIRO: Diversity and harmony, he says. Indonesia's founding principle is called Pancasila. It includes the idea that different people should co-exist even if they worship in different ways.
WAHJUDI DJAJA: (Praying in foreign language).
SHAPIRO: Another snapshot a few hours' drive from the Buddhist temple - in a dimly lit crypt, a man named Wahjudi Djaja performs a ritual unique to his brand of Islam.
Wahjudi is quietly saying the prayer under his breath as he sits cross-legged in front of the tomb.
He sprinkles flowers on the grave. This is a local form of Islam called Kejawen. The rituals involve amulets and a Goddess known as the Queen of the South Sea. Over lunch, Djaja tells me that he fears Indonesia is becoming more intolerant. The previous day, his community was conducting a ritual in the river when hardline Muslims showed up and challenged them.
How often are their confrontations between Kejawen people and fundamentalists?
DJAJA: (Through interpreter) In six months, it's happened six - under seven times. It's never happened often like this year.
SHAPIRO: Why do you think this is happening now?
DJAJA: (Through interpreter) There is a politicization first. It's about political things.
SHAPIRO: This is a big question right now in Indonesia. Is the country becoming less tolerant than it used to be? And if so, why? Indonesia's capital city, Jakarta, is the second-largest metropolitan area in the world. For decades, Saudi Arabia has funded a university here called LIPIA. It teaches a more fundamentalist form of Islam. Men and women sit in separate classrooms. Female students Skype into the men's classroom for their lessons. A journalist named Krithika Varagur meets me across the street from the campus. She's done some reporting on the school.
If I were going through the course catalog here, what would be on offer?
KRITHIKA VARAGUR: I mean, I think the tent pole of the curriculum is teaching Arabic language. They also study Islamic law and theology of course, which is the mandatory subject.
SHAPIRO: What does Saudi Arabia get out of this?
VARAGUR: If you can think of it in the way that American foreign policy is based on spreading democracy and spreading freedom, the Saudi foreign policy involves spreading its own values across the world.
SHAPIRO: The school wouldn't let us interview any faculty, but I met a student named Sidqi Addayyan getting noodles at a food cart across the street.
Would you like to see Indonesia become a Muslim country in the way that Saudi Arabia is a Muslim country?
SIDQI ADDAYYAN: (Through interpreter) Yes. I hope Indonesia will become an Islamic country because I believe that only Islam can give justice. If we let another ideology dominate Islam, there will be injustice.
SHAPIRO: It sounds like you are saying someone must rule over the others; there is no place for everyone to live on the same level.
ADDAYYAN: (Through interpreter) Yeah. In my opinion, people outside Islam only support their own race or religion.
SHAPIRO: Saudi Arabia is trying to open four more campuses of this school in other big Indonesian cities. Some people fear that as a threat. Others say it's just one more square in Indonesia's patchwork quilt. And a country can become more religious without becoming more radical.
UNIDENTIFIED WOMAN #1: And then the (unintelligible) - so this is the brightest.
UNIDENTIFIED WOMAN #2: Oh, nice.
SHAPIRO: Final snapshot - an upscale boutique in Jakarta called Si.Se.Sa. Brightly colored outfits line the walls, conservative clothing for religious Muslim women who love fashion. Their designs cover the hair and the arms and legs down to wrists and ankles. The patterns include traditional Indonesian batik, embroidered flowers and layers of ruffles. Benedicta Citro is meeting with the owners. She's an Italian designer for Swarovski, the company that makes crystals, representing the Southeast Asia market.
BENEDICTA CITRO: In the Southeast Asia, they love crystals. They love the bling. So it's a great moment for us (laughter).
SHAPIRO: How does the Indonesian fashion in conservative clothing differ from other countries?
CITRO: Every country - they have their own identity, their own DNA. So for instance, in Indonesia, they're very colorful. They are quite conservative in the terms of cut...
SHAPIRO: But lots of bright colors.
CITRO: ...But lots of bright colors.
SHAPIRO: This shop is owned by three sisters, Siriz, Senaz and Sansa, hence the name of the store, Si.Se.Sa. The youngest sister, Senaz, wears a long hijab that's pleated in the back.
SENAZ: And I have a denim dress with a orange zipper.
SHAPIRO: Bright orange zippers down - it feels a little, like, 1980s-style.
UNIDENTIFIED WOMEN: Yeah.
SENAZ: That's right. This is more, like, younger and casual.
UNIDENTIFIED WOMAN #3: Casual collection from Si.Se.Sa., but it's also a hit.
UNIDENTIFIED WOMEN: Yeah.
SHAPIRO: Obviously any one description of Indonesia will fall short. When I asked President Obama's half sister Maya Soetoro-Ng to describe her memories of the country, she unfolded a long, lyrical story about childhood foods, dances, sounds and smells.
SOETORO-NG: It was a really kind of sweet, robust time of community and culture. And it felt safe.
SHAPIRO: And then she segued into a description of anti-Chinese riots when she was 9 years old, a scene that taught her about human capacity to do harm.
SOETORO-NG: Indonesia has given me the understanding of how to contain multitudes. But it has also given me, by virtue of its worst bits, an understanding of how we have to confront the worst in human nature.
SHAPIRO: Those tensions and paradoxes will be the focus of our stories all this week. Tomorrow - the story of a political campaign that has some uncanny parallels with the US. Transcript provided by NPR, Copyright NPR.


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Adobe Connect offers multiple ways to collaborate and attend remote sessions. You can use the Adobe Connect application for desktop with Windows and Mac OS, and Adobe Connect for mobile in Android and iOS.
The stand-alone Adobe Connect application for desktop replaces the old add-in, and is compatible with Adobe Connect 9 and later versions.
You can download the Adobe Connect application for desktop from the Downloads and Updates page. See Install Adobe Connect application to know how to install it in various environments.
If you are an Adobe Connect 9 user, you can use the Adobe Connect application for experiences free of browser-based Adobe Flash Player plug-ins. Or, you can continue to attend Adobe Connect sessions in browsers with limited functionality. The Adobe Connect application supports your customized login screen, but not the customizations on the Welcome screen.
A. Lists up to 20 recently visited meeting room URLs B. Lists the bookmarked meeting room URLs for quick access C. Logs out of all active sessions of a user D. Launches the meeting room; alternatively, double-click anywhere on a meeting room URL to launch the meeting room E. Bookmarks the meeting room and displays it in the Favorites tab F. Clears the list of recently visited meeting room URLs
If you are a first-time user or if you log in with a new domain name once, Adobe Connect application remembers your domain name. In subsequent sessions, you need not type the entire meeting room URL; only the meeting room name suffices.
While entering your login credentials, selecting Remember me on this computer stores your session. While the current session is active, you need not re-enter login credentials when joining
Use the Adobe Connect application for
If you are a Presenter or a Host, install the Adobe Connect application before you attempt to upload content or share your screen, to avoid waiting when a meeting is in progress.
If you have launched a meeting in a browser, append ?proto=true to the meeting room URL to launch it in the Adobe Connect application. For example, https://www.example.com/meeting_name?proto=true.
For scenarios such as overlapping meetings during an ongoing session in the Adobe Connect application in Windows, press Ctrl+N to launch a new session in a new window. Alternatively, right-click the application icon in your taskbar and click Adobe Connect.
Use Adobe Connect application to access meetings, seminars, recordings, and content. Use a browser to access Events and URLs of unsupported content types uploaded to the Content Library. To know which content types are not supported, see I cannot open content uploaded to Content Library in Install the Adobe Connect application.
Install the Adobe Connect application (and other updates) from the Downloads and Updates page. The Adobe Connect application works only for Connect 9 and later versions.
Installation of the Adobe Connect application does not require administrative privileges. The stand-alone installer installs the application inside a custom directory structure as opposed to the system directory structure. Your Adobe Connect account administrator can make it mandatory to install the Adobe Connect application to join a meeting, a training, or a webinar.
Close all the running instances of the application before installing a newer version.
The Adobe Connect application works only for Connect 9 and later versions. You can centrally deploy the application across the enterprise through an MSI-based installer for Windows users. The push through MSI installer installs the application for all users setup on the machine.
If the Adobe Connect application is installed with roaming profiles, the application and its shortcut are copied to the new machine. However, you must manually launch the application the first time on the new machine. If you uninstall the application, registry entries are removed only from the machine on which you initiated the uninstallation.
- If you are a presenter or a host, test your computer and network connections before a meeting begins. Run the Adobe Connect diagnostic test.
- Bookmark your frequently visited meeting room URLs for quick access; use the Recents tab on the Welcome screen. You can launch a bookmarked meeting room from the Favorites tab.


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Local Environment
For more than 80 years Aberdeen Airport has been a proud cornerstone of the North East of Scotland and a significant contributor to the local economy. We are proud of our Airport, and that pride is matched by a sense of responsibility. We recognise the need to enhance the social and economic benefits whilst at the same time managing the environmental impacts of airport operations and being sensitive to our local environment. Achieving the correct balance between business growth and environmental sensitivity will ensure that we continue to enjoy the trust of our many stakeholders.
To demonstrate our commitment to our local environment Aberdeen Airport has published a series of sustainability commitments:
- Enhance the economic and social benefits of Aberdeen Airport.
- Seek to prevent, reduce or offset Aberdeen's effects on the environment and local communities, and work with others to ensure that the airport plays its role in respecting environmental limits.
- Provide good conditions of employment, respect diversity and equal opportunity for all staff.
- To provide a safe and secure airport for staff and passengers.
- To demonstrate effective management of the airport's equipment and facilities.
The Aberdeen Airport management team are responsible for ensuring that these commitments are delivered.


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Self-harmony Is An Essential Qualities that Super Celestial Being Must Have On the Celestial Islands Continent
Eliminate Greed, Corruption, Laziness, Extravagance and Selfishness--the Culture Building of the Second Home Part 6
One Root can Give Birth to Thousands of Branches, Accept the one Root as the Fundamental —— Culture Building of the Second Home Part 8
"No one would pocket anything found on the ground, and doors are not bolted at night" – Series of the Bright Spots (14)
Everyone Tries to Their Best Ability and Takes What they Need Freely — Series of the Bright Spots (15)
No classes, No Difference Between Urban and Rural Areas, Physical and Mental Work, Workers and Peasants-Series of the Bright Spots(16)
The Kingdom of The Greatest Creator has Come! The Paradise Home for New Era Human Beings - Lifechanyuan
The Only Purpose of Becoming a Chanyuan Celestial Is to Accomplish the Spiritual State of Immortality on One's Own
'Like a terror movie': How climate change will cause more simultaneous disasters The Province, British Columbia
With Scores Dead and 1,000+ Missing in California Fires, New Study Warns Cities Will Soon Face Up to Six Climate Disasters at Once
Rare December tornadoes rip through several states as Illinois sees 22 storms flatten 100 homes while a Georgia naval base is hit and dozens are injured with one person killed
From children walking two miles for water to dead livestock rotting on the ground: Heartbreaking images reveal the devastating effects climate change is already having on the planet
Every state and territory in Australia will experience heatwave conditions on Monday, forecasters say.
Four massive earthquakes reaching 6.4 magnitude strike south of Indonesia in just five hours - coming within kilometres of Western Australia
Thousands flee New Zealand's worst wildfire for more than 60 years with no end in sight to week-long blaze
70 million are in the path of 'bomb cyclone' set to strike the central US, bringing snow, hail and rain
'Violent' tornado strikes Jefferson City, Missouri, as storms kill 3 and cause extensive damage statewide
'Completely Terrifying': Study Warns Carbon-Saturated Oceans Headed Toward Tipping Point That Could Unleash Mass Extinction Event
57 people are dead and 18,000 were hospitalized in Japan as the country grapples with a stifling heat wave
Melt-down-under: Australia set to broil in record-breaking 122F (50C) temperatures, as bushfires burn out of control
Coronavirus death toll climbs to almost 1,900 with more than 73,000 cases recorded across the world – including nearly 1,000 OUTSIDE of China
GlobalData Epidemiologist Report: Global Covid-19 infections near 24.5 million – deaths exceed 832,000 – more than 16 million recoveries


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We have many customers who garden in countries with warmer climates like in southern France or even hotter such as South Africa or southern Japan. We are grateful to them for giving us feedback on what does well and what does not in these hotter climatic conditions.
Generally we would suggest the following as a guide to those types that are happier in a warmer climate. However, all individual environments do differ, so we cannot guarantee success in any particular location.
Keeping the clematis moist at the root is key. Ensure that the compost does not dry out, nor become waterlogged from too frequent watering, then most clematis will cope with reasonably high summer temperatures.
Growing them in pots or containers of some sort is often a better way to ensure good soil and moist, yet free-draining conditions. We understand, for example, that the local soil in Madeira and parts of South Africa is not ideal. There is really no need to shade the roots - although it can help to retain moisture, it can also harbour slugs and other pests.
Most general advice is still the same as in England; feed them every two weeks even when they are flowering, and keep pale coloured types that are prone to fading, in shade.
For further advice on growing in Hot Climates see our Care Guide.
Here are some others we recommend:
The pale greeny-cream star-shaped 'male' flowers have the most gorgeous citrus-like perfume. An evergreen, scrambler with a prostrate habit and which benefits from free draining soil. Learn More
The gorgeous light raspberry-red flowers mature to very deep pink. Their deeply textured surface has a lovely satin sheen which is offset by a crown of contrasting yellow stamens.Learn More
Launched by Thorncroft Clematis at RHS Chelsea Flower Show 2017 - A Container superstar!
The attractive double blue-purple flowers have a greeny-white tip to the tepals and appear from summer through to autumn.
This stunning clematis will light up your patio when grown in a large container with good drainage.


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Los Angeles, CA, United States
About MayDetails
With a strong background in Graphic Design, MayDetails was created to fuel my love of all things design, decorating, DIY, art, paper, events and parties.
At MayDetails you will find the perfect starting point for your next event. From custom invitations to banners to dessert labels, you will find everything you need to really make a lasting impression. Everything is currently a 'printable', which means you will get a .pdf file of all the designs for you to print on your own, as many as you want, whenever you want. And each design is customized for your special event.
If you don't find what you envision in our shop for your next event, we will be happy to customize a whole new design for you.


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Kids Electric Cars to Lunchboxes, Backpacks, Dollshouses and more….
Little Nation is your one stop shop for all the latest and greatest kids toys and accessories. Like you, we are parents too and we understand how hard it can be to buy the best products for your kids while not breaking the bank. Our range is designed to ignite your childs imagination, encourage creativity and develop skills whilst having great fun. All products have been rigorously tested and backed by our 30 day money back guarantee. Come and join our Little Nation.


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Get answers to questions about the standards of the Church. Choose a topic above to see more.
What should I do if I am attracted to members of my same gender?
"If you find yourself struggling with sexual temptations, including feelings of same-gender attraction, do not give in to those temptations. Be assured that you can choose to avoid such behavior. You can receive the Lord's help as you pray for strength and work to overcome the problem. As part of this process, you should seek counsel from your bishop or branch president. He will help you" (True to the Faith, 31).Close
What should I do to stay sexually pure?
"The following counsel can help you overcome the frequent and blatant temptations in the world today:
"Decide now to be chaste. You need to make this decision only once. Make the decision now, before the temptation comes, and let your decision be so firm and with such deep commitment that it can never be shaken. Determine now that you will never do anything outside of marriage to arouse the powerful emotions that must be expressed only in marriage. Do not arouse those emotions in another person's body or in your own body. Determine now that you will be completely true to your spouse.
"Control your thoughts. No one commits sexual sin in an instant. Immoral acts always begin with impure thoughts. If you allow your thoughts to linger on obscene or immoral things, you have already taken the first step toward immorality. Flee immediately from situations that may lead to sin. Pray for constant strength to resist temptation and control your thoughts. Make this a part of your daily prayers.
"Stay away from pornography. Do not view, read, or listen to anything that depicts or describes the human body or sexual conduct in a way that can arouse sexual feelings. Pornographic materials are addictive and destructive. They can rob you of your self-respect and of a sense of the beauties of life. They can tear you down and lead you to evil thoughts and abusive conduct.
"If you are single and dating, always treat your date with respect. Never treat him or her as an object to be used for lustful desires. Carefully plan positive and constructive activities so that you and your date are not left alone without anything to do. Stay in areas of safety where you can easily control yourself. Do not participate in conversations or activities that arouse sexual feelings" (True to the Faith, 32).Close
What exactly are the limits of appropriate physical affection?
We have been taught a clear principle: "Never do anything outside of marriage to arouse the powerful emotions that must be expressed only in marriage. Do not arouse those emotions in another person's body or in your own body" (True to the Faith, 32).
In addition: "If you are single and dating, always treat your date with respect. Never treat him or her as an object to be used for lustful desires. . . . Do not participate in conversations or activities that arouse sexual feelings. Do not participate in passionate kissing, lie with or on top of another person, or touch the private, sacred parts of another person's body, with or without clothing. Do not allow anyone to do such things with you" (True to the Faith, 32).Close
How important is it to obey the law of chastity?
"In the world today, Satan has led many people to believe that sexual intimacy outside of marriage is acceptable. But in God's sight, it is a serious sin. It is an abuse of the power He has given us to create life. The prophet Alma taught that sexual sins are more serious than any other sins except murder and denying the Holy Ghost (see Alma 39:3–5).
"Sometimes people try to convince themselves that sexual relations outside of marriage are acceptable if the participants love one another. This is not true. Breaking the law of chastity and encouraging someone else to do so is not an expression of love. People who love each other will never endanger one another's happiness and safety in exchange for temporary personal pleasure" (True to the Faith, 29).Close
What does it mean to break the law of chastity?
"All sexual relations outside of marriage violate the law of chastity and are physically and spiritually dangerous for those who engage in them.
"The Ten Commandments include the command that we not commit adultery, which is sexual intercourse between a married man and someone other than his wife or between a married woman and someone other than her husband (see Exodus 20:14). The Apostle Paul said that it is 'the will of God' that we 'abstain from fornication,' which is sexual intercourse between an unmarried person and anyone else (1 Thessalonians 4:3). Latter-day prophets repeatedly speak out against these sins and against the evil practice of sexual abuse.
"Like other violations of the law of chastity, homosexual activity is a serious sin. It is contrary to the purposes of human sexuality (see Romans 1:24–32). It . . . prevents people from receiving the blessings that can be found in family life and the saving ordinances of the gospel.
"Merely refraining from sexual intercourse outside of marriage is not sufficient in the Lord's standard of personal purity. The Lord requires a high moral standard of His disciples, including complete fidelity to one's spouse in thought and conduct. In the Sermon on the Mount, He said: 'Ye have heard that it was said by them of old time, Thou shalt not commit adultery: But I say unto you, That whosoever looketh on a woman to lust after her hath committed adultery with her already in his heart' (Matthew 5:27–28). In the latter days He has said, 'Thou shalt not . . . commit adultery, . . . nor do anything like unto it' (D&C 59:6). And He has reemphasized the principle He taught in the Sermon on the Mount: 'He that looketh on a woman to lust after her, or if any shall commit adultery in their hearts, they shall not have the Spirit, but shall deny the faith and shall fear' (D&C 63:16). These warnings apply to all people, whether they are married or single" (True to the Faith, 30–31).Close
What should I do if I have committed sexual sin?
"The best course is complete moral cleanliness. It is wrong to commit sexual sins with the thought that you will simply repent later. This attitude is a sin itself, showing irreverence for the Lord and the covenants you make with Him. However, if you have committed sexual sins, the Lord offers forgiveness if you repent" (True to the Faith, 33).
"If you have committed sexual sin, speak with your bishop or branch president so he can help you through the process of repentance" (True to the Faith, 31).Close
What does it mean to be chaste?
"To be chaste, you must be morally clean in your thoughts, words, and actions. You must not have any sexual relations before you are legally married. When you are married, you must be completely faithful to your husband or wife" (True to the Faith, 29).Close
"When people care for one another enough to keep the law of chastity, their love, trust, and commitment increase, resulting in greater happiness and unity. In contrast, relationships built on sexual immorality sour quickly. Those who engage in sexual immorality often feel fear, guilt, and shame. Bitterness, jealousy, and hatred soon replace any positive feelings that once existed in their relationship.
"Our Heavenly Father has given us the law of chastity for our protection. Obedience to this law is essential to personal peace and strength of character and to happiness in the home. As you keep yourself sexually pure, you will avoid the spiritual and emotional damage that always come from sharing physical intimacies with someone outside of marriage. You will be sensitive to the Holy Ghost's guidance, strength, comfort, and protection, and you will fulfill an important requirement for receiving a temple recommend and participating in temple ordinances" (True to the Faith, 30).Close


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Fresh off a unanimous decision victory over WEC vet Danny Martinez
at Tachi Palace Fights 7, No. 1 ranked flyweight Jussier da Silva (9-0
MMA, 1-0 TPF) will grace the promotion's next event in a bout with
another WEC vet.
MMAjunkie.com (www.mmajunkie.com) has learned
that Silva is expected to meet Ian McCall (8-2 MMA, 0-0 TPF) at Tachi
Palace Fights 8, which takes place in February at the Tachi Palace Hotel and
Casino in Lemoore, Calif.
Verbal agreements are in place for the fight, and contracts are expected to be finalized shortly.
on Thursday made his highly anticipated debut in the U.S., though
Martinez did not make it easy on him. The WEC vet fended off multiple
submission attempts and even staged a rally in the third round with a
series of strikes. But in the end, the Brazilian's strong grappling gave
him the edge on judges' scorecards.
remains unbeaten in the 125-pound division. In July 2009, he seized the
top spot on rankings with a decision victory over Shooto champion
Shinichi Kojima in a non-title bout for the Japanese promotion.
as with many fighters at 125 pounds, Silva has struggled to stay active
on the professional circuit. Sensing an opportunity to showcase
lighter-weight talent, Tachi in August signed him to a four-fight deal
which should keep him busy throughout 2011.
Next on Silva's docket is McCall, who makes his debut at flyweight after
serving the bulk of his career in the bantamweight division. The Team
Oyama fighter is coming off a submission over Jeff Willingham in
regional competition, a good boost after a decision loss to current WEC
bantamweight titleholder Dominic Cruz at WEC 38 that prompted his exit
from the promotion.
As previously reported, Tachi Palace Fights 8 also features a title fight in the 125-pound division as flyweight title-holder Ulysses Gomez (7-1 MMA, 3-0 TPF) puts his belt on the line against top contender Darrell Montague (8-1 MMA, 2-0 TPF).
For more on "Tachi Palace Fights 7: Deck the Halls" and Tachi Palace Fights 8, stay tuned to the MMA Rumors section of MMAjunkie.com.
(Pictured: Jussier da Silva)


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Posted on Monday, August 5, 2013
NEW WILMINGTON, Pa. - Four members of the Westminster College Alpha Sigma chapter of the national Sigma Kappa Sorority attended the organization's first Regional Leadership Conference (RLC) July 26-28 in Philadelphia, where they accepted the sorority's highest honor on their chapter's behalf.
The Three Star Standards of Excellence Award is Sigma Kappa's most prestigious collegiate award. It is presented to chapters who meet all of the Sigma Kappa minimum standards and above. These standards include high performance in areas such as membership, financial management, philanthropy, scholarship, public relations, ritual, recruitment, new member education, alumnae relations, and campus involvement.
"Being recognized by Sigma Kappa nationals for all of our accomplishments is a great reminder of why we do what we do," said Moon, executive vice president of the Westminster chapter. "It was an honor to be able to represent the Alpha Sigma chapter at this year's conference and to come home with something to show for all of our hard work."
The Alpha Sigma chapter is one of only seven chapters in the country to earn the Three Star Standards of Excellence Award this year. It is also the fourth consecutive year the chapter has received this honor.
"These young women worked hard to achieve such an amazing award, and that will continue motivating them to strive for success in the future," Alpha Sigma Chapter Adviser Aleya Tylinski said.
Every year, each chapter in the Sigma Kappa Sorority is eligible for different awards based on a variety of criteria. This year, in addition to the Three Star Standards of Excellence Award, the Alpha Sigma chapter from Westminster College received an honorable mention for the Lillian Peterson Budd Award, which recognizes chapters for participation in both national and local gerontology activities; a Silver Circle Award for the amount of money donated to the Sigma Kappa Foundation; and an academic achievement award.
This year's conference featured building leadership skills. The women took part in general sessions dedicated to leadership development, as well as specific sessions that were geared towards their individual positions in the sorority.
"RLC was a great learning experience," said Hillwig, president of the Westminster chapter. "We learned a lot about our chapter and have set exciting goals for ourselves for the next year."
Sigma Kappa Sorority was founded in 1874 and is based on the values of personal growth, service, loyalty, and friendship. The purpose of Sigma Kappa Sorority is to provide women lifelong opportunities and support for social, intellectual and spiritual development by bringing women together to positively impact our communities.
Contact Moon at email@example.com for additional information.


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No, this is to do with my Jolla phone. Back in the day, before smartphones were ubiquitous, many phone manufacturers tried to lure in the punters by offering interchangeable fascias or backplates. Not very subtle, or high-tech, but presumably effective.
Well, Jolla have decided to return to this, while taking the opportunity to update it for the 21st Century. Each Jolla smartphone appears to be built in two halves, split parallel to the screen and with the back half ("The Other Half") replaceable to provide not just different styles, but also additional functionality. The extra functionality is provided by cleverly using NFC-detection of different covers, along with the ability for covers to draw power from and communicate with the main phone via a selection of pins on the back.
At the moment there are only four official Other Halves that I'm aware of: Snow White (the one that comes as standard), Keira Black, Aloe and Poppy Red (the preorder-only cover). They use the NFC capability to change the styling of the phone theme as the cover is changed, but in the future there's a hope that new covers might provide things light wireless charging, solar charging, pull-out keyboard, etc.
For me, the interesting thing about the phone has always been the Sailfish OS that powers it. As anyone who's ever set eyes on me will attest, I've never been particularly fashion conscious, so the prospect of switching my phone cover to match my outfit has never offered much appeal. However, since the good sailors at Jolla have released a development kit for The Other Half, and since it seemed like an ideal challenge to test out the true potential of future manufacturing - by which I mean 3D printing - this was not an opportunity I could not miss.
Rather brilliantly, the development kit includes a 3D model which loads directly into Blender.
From there it's possible to export it in a suitable format for upload directly to the Shapeways site. The model is quite intricate, since it has various hooks and tabs to ensure it'll fit cleanly on to the back of the phone. Sadly this means that most of the usual materials offered by Shapeways are unavailable without making more edits to the model (sadly, it will take a bit more work before it can be printed in sterling silver or ceramic!). My attempt to print in polished Strong & Flexible failed, and eventually I had to go with Frosted Ultra Detail. Not a problem from a design perspective, but a bit more expensive.
The result was immaculate. All of the detail retained, a perfect fit on the phone and a curious transparent effect that allows the battery, sim and SD card to be seen through the plastic.
Although a perfect print, it wasn't a good look. Being able to see the innards of the phone is interesting in an industrial kind of way, but the contouring on the inside results in a fussy appearance.
The good news is that all of the undulations causing this really are on the inside. The outer face is slightly curved but otherwise smooth. The printing process results in a very slight wood-grain effect, which I wasn't anticipating, but in hindsight makes sense. The solution to all of this was therefore to sand the outside down and then add some colour.
The colour I chose was a pastel blue, or to give its full title according to the aerosol it came in, Tranquil Blue. Irrespective of the paint company's choice of name, the result was very pleasing, as you can see from the photos below. The 3D-printed surface isn't quite as nicely textured as the original Other Half cover that came with the phone, but I believe most people would be hard-pressed to identify it as a 3D-printed cover. It looks as good as you might expect from mass-produced commercial plasticware.
With the design coming straight from the developer kit, I can't claim to have made any real input to the process. And that's an amazing thing. Anyone can now generate their own 3D printed Other Half direct from Shapeways with just a few clicks (and some liberal unburdening of cash, of course!). A brand-new or updated design can be uploaded and tested out just as easily.
It's genuinely exciting to see how 3D printing can produce both practical and unique results. The next step will be to add in the NFC chip (it turns out they're very cheap and easy to source), so that the phone can identify when the cover is attached.


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Get a jump start on the holiday festivities with this exclusive collection, which features classic designs that make it ideal for all of your crafting traditions, from holiday cards to scrapbook pages and everything in between!
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