text:
Summary Report for:
29-1067.00 - Surgeons
Physicians who treat diseases, injuries, and deformities by invasive, minimally-invasive, or non-invasive surgical methods, such as using instruments, appliances, or by manual manipulation.
Sample of reported job titles: Cardiovascular Surgeon, General Surgeon, Hand Surgeon, Orthopaedic Surgeon, Orthopedic Surgeon, Physician, Plastic Surgeon, Surgeon, Thoracic Surgeon, Vascular Surgeon
Tasks | Technology Skills | Tools Used | Knowledge | Skills | Abilities | Work Activities | Detailed Work Activities | Work Context | Job Zone | Education | Credentials | Interests | Work Styles | Work Values | Related Occupations | Wages & Employment | Job Openings | Additional Information
- Follow established surgical techniques during the operation.
- Examine patient to obtain information on medical condition and surgical risk.
- Operate on patients to correct deformities, repair injuries, prevent and treat diseases, or improve or restore patients' functions.
- Analyze patient's medical history, medication allergies, physical condition, and examination results to verify operation's necessity and to determine best procedure.
- Prescribe preoperative and postoperative treatments and procedures, such as sedatives, diets, antibiotics, or preparation and treatment of the patient's operative area.
- Diagnose bodily disorders and orthopedic conditions and provide treatments, such as medicines and surgeries, in clinics, hospital wards, or operating rooms.
- Provide consultation and surgical assistance to other physicians and surgeons.
- Direct and coordinate activities of nurses, assistants, specialists, residents, and other medical staff.
- Refer patient to medical specialist or other practitioners when necessary.
- Prepare case histories.
- Manage surgery services, including planning, scheduling and coordination, determination of procedures, or procurement of supplies and equipment.
- Examine instruments, equipment, and operating room to ensure sterility.
- Conduct research to develop and test surgical techniques that can improve operating procedures and outcomes.
Technology Skills
- Graphics or photo imaging software — Computer imaging software; SmugMug Flickr
- Human resources software — Human resources management system HRMS
- Medical software — Epic Systems ; Image-guided surgery software; MEDITECH software ; Three-dimensional 3D virtual surgery software (see all 9 examples)
- Operating system software — Microsoft Windows
Hot Technology — a technology requirement frequently included in employer job postings.
Tools Used
- Abdominal retractors
- Amputation retractors
- Arterial line catheters
- Automated external defibrillators AED or hard paddles — Automated external defibrillators AED; Internal defibrillators
- Autotransfusion units — Cell savers
- Blood recovery and delivery systems — Autologous blood recovery systems
- Bronchoscopes or accessories — Bronchoscopes
- Cardiac output CO monitoring units or accessories — Hemodynamic monitors
- Cardiovascular or thoracic retractors — IMA retractors; Thoracic retractors
- Central venous catheters — Subclavian lines
- Cervical retractors
- Colposcopes or vaginoscopes or accessories — Colposcopes
- Cryosurgery equipment or accessories — Cryoprobes; Cryosurgery units
- Cystourethroscopes — Cystoscopes; Flexible ureteroscopes; Rigid ureteroscopes
- Desktop computers
- Diagnostic or interventional vascular catheters or sets — Pulmonary artery catheters
- Digital cameras
- Ear retractors
- Electrocardiography EKG units — Electrocardiography EKG machines
- Electrosurgical or electrocautery equipment — Argon beam coagulators; Biopolar cautery equipment; Electrosurgery units; Harmonic scalpels (see all 5 examples)
- Endoscopic clamp or dissector or grasper or forceps — Laparascopic graspers
- Endoscopic insufflation or distention units or accessories — Endoscopic insufflators
- Endoscopic video cameras or recorders or adapters or accessories — Endoscopic video cameras
- Eyemagnets for ophthalmic surgery — Eye magnets
- Facial shields — Protective eye shields
- Flexible endoscopes or accessories or related products — Flexible fiberoptic endoscopes
- Gastrointestinal retractors
- Heart and lung machines or accessories — Cardiopulmonary bypass pumps; Heart and lung machines
- Intravenous tubing with catheter administration kits — Intravenous IV equipment
- Laparoscopes or laparoscopic telescopes — Laparascopes
- Lip retractors
- Lung retractors
- Medical staff isolation or surgical masks — Surgical masks
- Medical stapler for external use — Skin staplers
- Medical stapler for internal use — Bowel stapling equipment
- Medical ultrasound or doppler or pulse echo or echography units for general diagnostic use — Diagnostic ultrasound equipment
- Medical x ray units for general diagnostic use — Portable x ray machines
- Nerve retractors
- Operating room patient fracture tables or orthopedic tables or accessories or related products — External fixators; Fracture tables
- Operating room patient positioning devices or accessories — Mayfield headrests
- Operating room patient procedure tables or accessories or related products — Andrews tables
- Ophthalmic retractors
- Ophthalmic surgery instrument sets — Vitrector sets
- Oral retractors
- Orthopedic retractors
- Oxygen therapy delivery system products accessories or its supplies — Oxygen administration equipment
- Patient controlled analgesia infusion pumps — Patient controlled analgesia PCA pumps
- Periosteotomes
- Personal computers
- Plastic surgery retractors
- Pulse oximeter units — Pulse oximeters
- Radiosurgical gamma knife units or scintillators — Radiosurgical gamma knives
- Rectal retractors
- Resectoscopes
- Short wave diathermy units — Diathermy equipment
- Skin retractors
- Spine or neuro retractors — Cervical spine retractors
- Sternum retractors — Sternal retractors
- Surgical bone cutting forceps — Bone-cutting forceps
- Surgical bone hand saws or wire saws or saw handles — Surgical hand saws
- Surgical calipers or rulers — Surgical calipers; Surgical rulers
- Surgical chisels or gouges — Bone chisels
- Surgical clamps or clips or forceps or accessories — Dressing forceps; Ear forceps; Tumor forceps; Vascular clips (see all 40 examples)
- Surgical curettes or loops — Surgical curettes
- Surgical dermatomes or dermabraders or dermameshers or accessories — Dermatomes; Padgett dermatomes; Zimmer dermatomes
- Surgical dilators or accessories — Surgical dilators
- Surgical drapes — Sterile drapes
- Surgical drivers or its parts or accessories — Surgical hand drivers
- Surgical elevators or levers — Surgical elevators
- Surgical extractors — Stone extractors
- Surgical gloves
- Surgical hammers or mallets — Surgical mallets
- Surgical irrigation or suction handpiece or cannula or tip — Suction tips
- Surgical irrigation sets or accessories — Irrigation tubing; Surgical irrigation sets
- Surgical lasers or accessories — Carbon dioxide CO2 lasers; Holmium lasers; Laser dopplers; Neodymium-doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet Nd:YAG lasers
- Surgical lighted fiberoptic retractors — Surgical fiberoptic retractors
- Surgical lithotripters or accessories — Ultrasonic lithotripters
- Surgical microscopes or loops or magnifiers or accessories — Ceiling mounted microscopes; ENT microscopes; Portable surgical microscopes; Surgical microscopes
- Surgical needle holders for general use — Surgical needle holders
- Surgical nerve stimulators or accessories — Surgical nerve stimulators
- Surgical nippers
- Surgical or endoscopic catheters or catheterization kits or drainage bags — Endoscopic catheters
- Surgical perfusion catheters or connectors or accessories — Balloon perfusion catheters
- Surgical pneumatic or battery or electric saws or drills or pin drivers or accessories — Craniotome drills; Sternal saws; Surgical power drills; Surgical power saws (see all 7 examples)
- Surgical pneumatic or electric tourniquets or accessories — Surgical tourniquets
- Surgical power equipment sets or accessories — Hip arthroplasty robots; Robotic arms; Surgical robots
- Surgical probes or directors — Tactile probes
- Surgical punches or punch holder or accessories — Biopsy punches
- Surgical rake retractors — Rigid rake retractors
- Surgical rasps
- Surgical retractors for general use — Surgical retractors
- Surgical rongeurs — Bone ronguers
- Surgical scalpels or knives or blades or trephines or accessories — Surgical scalpels
- Surgical scissors — Enterotomy scissors; Thoracic scissors; Tonsil scissors; Uterine scissors (see all 5 examples)
- Surgical smoke evacuators or accessories — Operating room smoke evacuators
- Surgical specula
- Surgical spreaders — Rib spreaders
- Surgical suction machines or vacuum extractors or ultrasonic surgical aspirators or regulators or accessories — Cavitron ultrasonic surgical aspirators CUSA; Suction machines; Surgical aspirators; Wells Johnson aspirators
- Surgical taps
- Surgical tourniquets or vascular occluders or ligators or accessories — Vascular occluders
- Surgical trocars for general use or accessories — Surgical trocars
- Surgical urology retractors or its accessories — Urology retractors
- Suture needles — Surgical suture needles
- Tissue retractors
- Tracheal retractors
- Urological surgical instrument sets — Optical urethrotomes
- Uterine devices or accessories — Hysteroscopes
- Uterine retractors
- Vascular sequential compression devices or tubing — Sequential compression devices
- Vein harvest kit or system — Endoscope vein harvesting equipment
- Vein retractors
- Medicine and Dentistry — Knowledge of the information and techniques needed to diagnose and treat human injuries, diseases, and deformities. This includes symptoms, treatment alternatives, drug properties and interactions, and preventive health-care measures.
- Customer and Personal Service — Knowledge of principles and processes for providing customer and personal services. This includes customer needs assessment, meeting quality standards for services, and evaluation of customer satisfaction.
- English Language — Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language including the meaning and spelling of words, rules of composition, and grammar.
- Biology — Knowledge of plant and animal organisms, their tissues, cells, functions, interdependencies, and interactions with each other and the environment.
- Education and Training — Knowledge of principles and methods for curriculum and training design, teaching and instruction for individuals and groups, and the measurement of training effects.
- Psychology — Knowledge of human behavior and performance; individual differences in ability, personality, and interests; learning and motivation; psychological research methods; and the assessment and treatment of behavioral and affective disorders.
- Computers and Electronics — Knowledge of circuit boards, processors, chips, electronic equipment, and computer hardware and software, including applications and programming.
- Personnel and Human Resources — Knowledge of principles and procedures for personnel recruitment, selection, training, compensation and benefits, labor relations and negotiation, and personnel information systems.
- Therapy and Counseling — Knowledge of principles, methods, and procedures for diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of physical and mental dysfunctions, and for career counseling and guidance.
- Administration and Management — Knowledge of business and management principles involved in strategic planning, resource allocation, human resources modeling, leadership technique, production methods, and coordination of people and resources.
- Law and Government — Knowledge of laws, legal codes, court procedures, precedents, government regulations, executive orders, agency rules, and the democratic political process.
- Sales and Marketing — Knowledge of principles and methods for showing, promoting, and selling products or services. This includes marketing strategy and tactics, product demonstration, sales techniques, and sales control systems.
- Chemistry — Knowledge of the chemical composition, structure, and properties of substances and of the chemical processes and transformations that they undergo. This includes uses of chemicals and their interactions, danger signs, production techniques, and disposal methods.
- Engineering and Technology — Knowledge of the practical application of engineering science and technology. This includes applying principles, techniques, procedures, and equipment to the design and production of various goods and services.
- Mathematics — Knowledge of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their applications.
- Mechanical — Knowledge of machines and tools, including their designs, uses, repair, and maintenance.
- Economics and Accounting — Knowledge of economic and accounting principles and practices, the financial markets, banking and the analysis and reporting of financial data.
- Active Listening — Giving full attention to what other people are saying, taking time to understand the points being made, asking questions as appropriate, and not interrupting at inappropriate times.
- Complex Problem Solving — Identifying complex problems and reviewing related information to develop and evaluate options and implement solutions.
- Critical Thinking — Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternative solutions, conclusions or approaches to problems.
- Judgment and Decision Making — Considering the relative costs and benefits of potential actions to choose the most appropriate one.
- Reading Comprehension — Understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work related documents.
- Speaking — Talking to others to convey information effectively.
- Active Learning — Understanding the implications of new information for both current and future problem-solving and decision-making.
- Monitoring — Monitoring/Assessing performance of yourself, other individuals, or organizations to make improvements or take corrective action.
- Science — Using scientific rules and methods to solve problems.
- Social Perceptiveness — Being aware of others' reactions and understanding why they react as they do.
- Coordination — Adjusting actions in relation to others' actions.
- Service Orientation — Actively looking for ways to help people.
- Writing — Communicating effectively in writing as appropriate for the needs of the audience.
- Learning Strategies — Selecting and using training/instructional methods and procedures appropriate for the situation when learning or teaching new things.
- Instructing — Teaching others how to do something.
- Time Management — Managing one's own time and the time of others.
- Systems Evaluation — Identifying measures or indicators of system performance and the actions needed to improve or correct performance, relative to the goals of the system.
- Management of Personnel Resources — Motivating, developing, and directing people as they work, identifying the best people for the job.
- Systems Analysis — Determining how a system should work and how changes in conditions, operations, and the environment will affect outcomes.
- Problem Sensitivity — The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does not involve solving the problem, only recognizing there is a problem.
- Deductive Reasoning — The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to produce answers that make sense.
- Inductive Reasoning — The ability to combine pieces of information to form general rules or conclusions (includes finding a relationship among seemingly unrelated events).
- Manual Dexterity — The ability to quickly move your hand, your hand together with your arm, or your two hands to grasp, manipulate, or assemble objects.
- Finger Dexterity — The ability to make precisely coordinated movements of the fingers of one or both hands to grasp, manipulate, or assemble very small objects.
- Near Vision — The ability to see details at close range (within a few feet of the observer).
- Oral Comprehension — The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through spoken words and sentences.
- Oral Expression — The ability to communicate information and ideas in speaking so others will understand.
- Written Comprehension — The ability to read and understand information and ideas presented in writing.
- Selective Attention — The ability to concentrate on a task over a period of time without being distracted.
- Written Expression — The ability to communicate information and ideas in writing so others will understand.
- Flexibility of Closure — The ability to identify or detect a known pattern (a figure, object, word, or sound) that is hidden in other distracting material.
- Information Ordering — The ability to arrange things or actions in a certain order or pattern according to a specific rule or set of rules (e.g., patterns of numbers, letters, words, pictures, mathematical operations).
- Speech Clarity — The ability to speak clearly so others can understand you.
- Speech Recognition — The ability to identify and understand the speech of another person.
- Arm-Hand Steadiness — The ability to keep your hand and arm steady while moving your arm or while holding your arm and hand in one position.
- Category Flexibility — The ability to generate or use different sets of rules for combining or grouping things in different ways.
- Perceptual Speed — The ability to quickly and accurately compare similarities and differences among sets of letters, numbers, objects, pictures, or patterns. The things to be compared may be presented at the same time or one after the other. This ability also includes comparing a presented object with a remembered object.
- Visualization — The ability to imagine how something will look after it is moved around or when its parts are moved or rearranged.
- Fluency of Ideas — The ability to come up with a number of ideas about a topic (the number of ideas is important, not their quality, correctness, or creativity).
- Originality — The ability to come up with unusual or clever ideas about a given topic or situation, or to develop creative ways to solve a problem.
- Visual Color Discrimination — The ability to match or detect differences between colors, including shades of color and brightness.
- Speed of Closure — The ability to quickly make sense of, combine, and organize information into meaningful patterns.
- Control Precision — The ability to quickly and repeatedly adjust the controls of a machine or a vehicle to exact positions.
- Far Vision — The ability to see details at a distance.
- Memorization — The ability to remember information such as words, numbers, pictures, and procedures.
- Multilimb Coordination — The ability to coordinate two or more limbs (for example, two arms, two legs, or one leg and one arm) while sitting, standing, or lying down. It does not involve performing the activities while the whole body is in motion.
- Time Sharing — The ability to shift back and forth between two or more activities or sources of information (such as speech, sounds, touch, or other sources).
Work Activities
- Assisting and Caring for Others — Providing personal assistance, medical attention, emotional support, or other personal care to others such as coworkers, customers, or patients.
- Making Decisions and Solving Problems — Analyzing information and evaluating results to choose the best solution and solve problems.
- Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge — Keeping up-to-date technically and applying new knowledge to your job.
- Analyzing Data or Information — Identifying the underlying principles, reasons, or facts of information by breaking down information or data into separate parts.
- Documenting/Recording Information — Entering, transcribing, recording, storing, or maintaining information in written or electronic/magnetic form.
- Getting Information — Observing, receiving, and otherwise obtaining information from all relevant sources.
- Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events — Identifying information by categorizing, estimating, recognizing differences or similarities, and detecting changes in circumstances or events.
- Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships — Developing constructive and cooperative working relationships with others, and maintaining them over time.
- Performing for or Working Directly with the Public — Performing for people or dealing directly with the public. This includes serving customers in restaurants and stores, and receiving clients or guests.
- Interpreting the Meaning of Information for Others — Translating or explaining what information means and how it can be used.
- Processing Information — Compiling, coding, categorizing, calculating, tabulating, auditing, or verifying information or data.
- Organizing, Planning, and Prioritizing Work — Developing specific goals and plans to prioritize, organize, and accomplish your work.
- Provide Consultation and Advice to Others — Providing guidance and expert advice to management or other groups on technical, systems-, or process-related topics.
- Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates — Providing information to supervisors, co-workers, and subordinates by telephone, in written form, e-mail, or in person.
- Evaluating Information to Determine Compliance with Standards — Using relevant information and individual judgment to determine whether events or processes comply with laws, regulations, or standards.
- Scheduling Work and Activities — Scheduling events, programs, and activities, as well as the work of others.
- Judging the Qualities of Things, Services, or People — Assessing the value, importance, or quality of things or people.
- Monitor Processes, Materials, or Surroundings — Monitoring and reviewing information from materials, events, or the environment, to detect or assess problems.
- Thinking Creatively — Developing, designing, or creating new applications, ideas, relationships, systems, or products, including artistic contributions.
- Training and Teaching Others — Identifying the educational needs of others, developing formal educational or training programs or classes, and teaching or instructing others.
- Estimating the Quantifiable Characteristics of Products, Events, or Information — Estimating sizes, distances, and quantities; or determining time, costs, resources, or materials needed to perform a work activity.
- Communicating with Persons Outside Organization — Communicating with people outside the organization, representing the organization to customers, the public, government, and other external sources. This information can be exchanged in person, in writing, or by telephone or e-mail.
- Developing Objectives and Strategies — Establishing long-range objectives and specifying the strategies and actions to achieve them.
- Guiding, Directing, and Motivating Subordinates — Providing guidance and direction to subordinates, including setting performance standards and monitoring performance.
- Controlling Machines and Processes — Using either control mechanisms or direct physical activity to operate machines or processes (not including computers or vehicles).
- Performing Administrative Activities — Performing day-to-day administrative tasks such as maintaining information files and processing paperwork.
- Inspecting Equipment, Structures, or Material — Inspecting equipment, structures, or materials to identify the cause of errors or other problems or defects.
- Interacting With Computers — Using computers and computer systems (including hardware and software) to program, write software, set up functions, enter data, or process information.
- Coaching and Developing Others — Identifying the developmental needs of others and coaching, mentoring, or otherwise helping others to improve their knowledge or skills.
- Coordinating the Work and Activities of Others — Getting members of a group to work together to accomplish tasks.
- Developing and Building Teams — Encouraging and building mutual trust, respect, and cooperation among team members.
- Performing General Physical Activities — Performing physical activities that require considerable use of your arms and legs and moving your whole body, such as climbing, lifting, balancing, walking, stooping, and handling of materials.
- Handling and Moving Objects — Using hands and arms in handling, installing, positioning, and moving materials, and manipulating things.
- Resolving Conflicts and Negotiating with Others — Handling complaints, settling disputes, and resolving grievances and conflicts, or otherwise negotiating with others.
- Staffing Organizational Units — Recruiting, interviewing, selecting, hiring, and promoting employees in an organization.
- Monitoring and Controlling Resources — Monitoring and controlling resources and overseeing the spending of money.
Detailed Work Activities
- Operate on patients to treat conditions.
- Examine patients to assess general physical condition.
- Follow protocols or regulations for healthcare activities.
- Analyze patient data to determine patient needs or treatment goals.
- Prescribe medications.
- Diagnose medical conditions.
- Prescribe treatments or therapies.
- Advise medical personnel regarding healthcare issues.
- Assist healthcare practitioners during surgery.
- Supervise patient care personnel.
- Record patient medical histories.
- Refer patients to other healthcare practitioners or health resources.
- Manage healthcare operations.
- Order medical supplies or equipment.
- Schedule patient procedures or appointments.
- Sterilize medical equipment or instruments.
- Conduct research to increase knowledge about medical issues.
Find occupations related to multiple detailed work activities
Work Context
- Face-to-Face Discussions — 91% responded "Every day."
- Importance of Being Exact or Accurate — 93% responded "Extremely important."
- Physical Proximity — 92% responded "Very close (near touching)."
- Telephone — 87% responded "Every day."
- Freedom to Make Decisions — 84% responded "A lot of freedom."
- Contact With Others — 74% responded "Constant contact with others."
- Indoors, Environmentally Controlled — 87% responded "Every day."
- Work With Work Group or Team — 70% responded "Extremely important."
- Frequency of Decision Making — 69% responded "Every day."
- Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results — 71% responded "Very important results."
- Consequence of Error — 80% responded "Extremely serious."
- Structured versus Unstructured Work — 71% responded "A lot of freedom."
- Coordinate or Lead Others — 64% responded "Extremely important."
- Duration of Typical Work Week — 76% responded "More than 40 hours."
- Exposed to Disease or Infections — 63% responded "Every day."
- Responsibility for Outcomes and Results — 66% responded "Very high responsibility."
- Deal With External Customers — 57% responded "Extremely important."
- Time Pressure — 57% responded "Every day."
- Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls — 53% responded "More than half the time."
- Spend Time Standing — 55% responded "More than half the time."
- Level of Competition — 42% responded "Highly competitive."
- Responsible for Others' Health and Safety — 47% responded "Very high responsibility."
- Electronic Mail — 48% responded "Every day."
- Letters and Memos — 40% responded "Every day."
- Wear Common Protective or Safety Equipment such as Safety Shoes, Glasses, Gloves, Hearing Protection, Hard Hats, or Life Jackets — 40% responded "Every day."
- Importance of Repeating Same Tasks — 44% responded "Extremely important."
- Frequency of Conflict Situations — 43% responded "Once a week or more but not every day."
- Deal With Unpleasant or Angry People — 40% responded "Once a month or more but not every week."
- Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions — 42% responded "Less than half the time."
Job Zone
|Job Zone Five: Extensive Preparation Needed
|Most of these occupations require graduate school. For example, they may require a master's degree, and some require a Ph.D., M.D., or J.D. (law degree).
|Related Experience
|Extensive skill, knowledge, and experience are needed for these occupations. Many require more than five years of experience. For example, surgeons must complete four years of college and an additional five to seven years of specialized medical training to be able to do their job.
|Job Training
|Employees may need some on-the-job training, but most of these occupations assume that the person will already have the required skills, knowledge, work-related experience, and/or training.
|Job Zone Examples
|These occupations often involve coordinating, training, supervising, or managing the activities of others to accomplish goals. Very advanced communication and organizational skills are required. Examples include pharmacists, lawyers, astronomers, biologists, clergy, neurologists, and veterinarians.
|SVP Range
|(8.0 and above)
Interest code: IRS Want to discover your interests? Take the O*NET Interest Profiler at My Next Move.
- Investigative — Investigative occupations frequently involve working with ideas, and require an extensive amount of thinking. These occupations can involve searching for facts and figuring out problems mentally.
- Realistic — Realistic occupations frequently involve work activities that include practical, hands-on problems and solutions. They often deal with plants, animals, and real-world materials like wood, tools, and machinery. Many of the occupations require working outside, and do not involve a lot of paperwork or working closely with others.
- Social — Social occupations frequently involve working with, communicating with, and teaching people. These occupations often involve helping or providing service to others.
Work Styles
- Attention to Detail — Job requires being careful about detail and thorough in completing work tasks.
- Stress Tolerance — Job requires accepting criticism and dealing calmly and effectively with high stress situations.
- Concern for Others — Job requires being sensitive to others' needs and feelings and being understanding and helpful on the job.
- Dependability — Job requires being reliable, responsible, and dependable, and fulfilling obligations.
- Integrity — Job requires being honest and ethical.
- Initiative — Job requires a willingness to take on responsibilities and challenges.
- Independence — Job requires developing one's own ways of doing things, guiding oneself with little or no supervision, and depending on oneself to get things done.
- Adaptability/Flexibility — Job requires being open to change (positive or negative) and to considerable variety in the workplace.
- Cooperation — Job requires being pleasant with others on the job and displaying a good-natured, cooperative attitude.
- Persistence — Job requires persistence in the face of obstacles.
- Analytical Thinking — Job requires analyzing information and using logic to address work-related issues and problems.
- Self Control — Job requires maintaining composure, keeping emotions in check, controlling anger, and avoiding aggressive behavior, even in very difficult situations.
- Achievement/Effort — Job requires establishing and maintaining personally challenging achievement goals and exerting effort toward mastering tasks.
- Leadership — Job requires a willingness to lead, take charge, and offer opinions and direction.
- Social Orientation — Job requires preferring to work with others rather than alone, and being personally connected with others on the job.
- Innovation — Job requires creativity and alternative thinking to develop new ideas for and answers to work-related problems.
Work Values
- Achievement — Occupations that satisfy this work value are results oriented and allow employees to use their strongest abilities, giving them a feeling of accomplishment. Corresponding needs are Ability Utilization and Achievement.
- Recognition — Occupations that satisfy this work value offer advancement, potential for leadership, and are often considered prestigious. Corresponding needs are Advancement, Authority, Recognition and Social Status.
- Independence — Occupations that satisfy this work value allow employees to work on their own and make decisions. Corresponding needs are Creativity, Responsibility and Autonomy.
Related Occupations
Wages & Employment Trends
Median wage data for Surgeons, Except Ophthalmologists.
|Median wages (2019)
|$100.00+ hourly, $208,000+ annual
|State wages
|Local wages
|Employment (2018)
|38,200 employees
|Projected growth (2018-2028)
|Little or no change (-1% to 1%)
|Projected job openings (2018-2028)
|State trends
|Top industries (2018)
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics 2019 wage data and 2018-2028 employment projections . "Projected growth" represents the estimated change in total employment over the projections period (2018-2028). "Projected job openings" represent openings due to growth and replacement.
Job Openings on the Web
Sources of Additional Information
Disclaimer: Sources are listed to provide additional information on related jobs, specialties, and/or industries. Links to non-DOL Internet sites are provided for your convenience and do not constitute an endorsement.
- American Academy of Ophthalmology
- American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons
- American Association for Hand Surgery
- American College of Surgeons
- American Medical Association
- American Pediatric Surgical Association
- American Society for Surgery of the Hand
- American Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgery
- American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons
- American Society of General Surgeons
- American Society of Plastic Surgeons
- American Surgical Association
- Occupational Outlook Handbook: Physicians and surgeons
- Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons
- Society of Laparoendoscopic Surgeons
- The Society of Thoracic Surgeons


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Frequent Links
East Timor
|Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste
|Motto: Template:Native phrase
"Unity, Action, Progress"
|Anthem: Template:Native phrase
and largest city
8°34′S 125°34′E / 8.567°S 125.567°E{{#coordinates:8|34|S|125|34|E|type:city||
| |name=}}
|Official languages
|National languages
|Roman Catholicism
|East Timorese
|Unitary semi-presidential republic[1]
|Taur Matan Ruak
|Prime Minister
|Rui Maria de Araújo
|National Parliament
|Independence from Portugal and Indonesia
|November 28, 1975
|May 20, 2002
|15,007 km2 (159th)
5,743 sq mi
|Water (%)
|2013 estimate
|1,172,390[2] (159th)
|76.2/km2 (132nd)
197.4/sq mi
|2012 estimate
|$2.234 billion[3]
|Per capita
|GDP (nominal)
|2012 estimate
|$1.293 billion[3]
|Per capita
|11px 0.620[4]
medium · 128th
|United States dollarc (USD)
|Time zone
|Drives on the
|Calling code
|ISO 3166 code
|Internet TLD
|Fifteen further "national languages" are recognised by the Constitution.
|Defined as a restoration by the Constitution.
|Centavo coins also used.
|.tp is being phased out.
East Timor (Listeni/ˌiːst ˈtiːmɔr/) or Timor-Leste (/tiˈmɔr ˈlɛʃteɪ/), officially the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste,[5] is a country in Maritime Southeast Asia.[6] It comprises the eastern half of the island of Timor, the nearby islands of Atauro and Jaco, and Oecusse, an exclave on the northwestern side of the island, within Indonesian West Timor. The country's size is about 15,410 km2 (5,400 sq mi).[7]
East Timor was colonised by Portugal in the 16th century, and was known as Portuguese Timor until Portugal's decolonisation of the country. In late 1975, East Timor declared its independence but later that year was invaded and occupied by Indonesia and was declared Indonesia's 27th province the following year. In 1999, following the United Nations-sponsored act of self-determination, Indonesia relinquished control of the territory, and East Timor became the first new sovereign state of the 21st century on May 20, 2002. After independence, East Timor became a member of the United Nations and the Community of Portuguese Language Countries. In 2011, East Timor announced its intention to gain membership status in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations by submitting a letter of application to become its eleventh member.[8] It is one of only two predominantly Christian nations in Southeast Asia, the other being the Philippines.
East Timor has a lower-middle-income economy.[9] About 37.4% of the country's population lives below the international poverty lineTemplate:Spaced ndashwhich means living on less than U.S. $1.25 per day[10]Template:Spaced ndashand about 50% of the population is illiterate.[11] It continues to suffer the after-effects of a decades-long struggle for independence against Indonesian occupation, which severely damaged the country's infrastructure and killed at least 100,000 people. The country is placed 128th on the Human Development Index (HDI).
- 1 Etymology
- 2 History
- 3 Government
- 4 Administrative divisions
- 5 Foreign relations and military
- 6 Geography
- 7 Economy
- 8 Demographics
- 9 Culture
- 10 See also
- 11 References
- 12 Bibliography
- 13 External links
"Timor" derives from timur, the word for "east" in Indonesian and Malay, which became Timor in Portuguese and entered English as Portuguese Timor. Leste is the Portuguese word for "east", resulting in "Timor-Leste" (East-East). In Tetum the name is Timór Lorosa'e, from Lorosa'e (lit "rising sun") the word for "east" in that language.
The official names under the Constitution are República Democrática de Timor-Leste in Portuguese and Repúblika Demokrátika Timór-Leste in Tetum.
The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) official short form in English and all other languages is Timor-Leste (codes: TLS & TL), which has been adopted by the United Nations,[12] the European Union,[13] and the national standards organisations of France (AFNOR), the United States (ANSI),[14] United Kingdom (BSI), Germany (DIN), and Sweden (SIS) all diplomatic missions to the country by protocol and the CIA World Factbook [15]
Descendants of at least three waves of migration are believed still to live in East Timor. The first were related to the principal Australoid indigenous groups of New Guinea and Australia, and arrived more than 40,000 years ago. Around 3000 BC, Austronesians migrated to Timor, and are thought to be associated with the development of agriculture on the island.[citation needed] Thirdly, Proto-Malays arrived from south China and north Indochina.[16] Before European colonialism, Timor was included in Chinese and Indian trading networks, and in the 14th century was an exporter of aromatic sandalwood, slaves, honey, and wax. It was the relative abundance of sandalwood in Timor that attracted European explorers to the island in the early 16th century.[17] During that time, European explorers reported that the island had a number of small chiefdoms or princedoms.[citation needed]
The Portuguese established outposts in Timor and Maluku. Effective European occupation of a small part of the territory began in 1769, when the city of Dili was founded and the colony of Portuguese Timor declared.[19] A definitive border between the Dutch-colonised western half of the island and the Portuguese-colonised eastern half of the island was established by the Permanent Court of Arbitration of 1914,[20] and it remains the international boundary between the successor states East Timor and Indonesia. For the Portuguese, East Timor remained little more than a neglected trading post until the late nineteenth century, with minimal investment in infrastructure, health, and education. Sandalwood remained the main export crop with coffee exports becoming significant in the mid-nineteenth century. As was often the case, Portuguese rule was generally neglectful but exploitative where it existed.[21]
At the beginning of the twentieth century, a faltering home economy prompted the Portuguese to extract greater wealth from its colonies, which was met with East Timorese resistance.[21] During World War II, the Japanese occupied Dili, and the mountainous interior became the scene of a guerrilla campaign, known as the Battle of Timor. Waged by Allied forces and East Timorese volunteers against the Japanese, the struggle resulted in the deaths of between 40,000 and 70,000 East Timorese.[22] The Japanese eventually drove the last of the Australian and Allied forces out. However, following the end of World War II and Japanese surrender, Portuguese control was reinstated.
Following the 1974 Portuguese revolution, Portugal effectively abandoned its colony on Timor and civil war between East Timorese political parties broke out in 1975.
The Revolutionary Front for an Independent East Timor (Frente Revolucionária de Timor-Leste Independente, Fretilin) resisted a Timorese Democratic Union (União Democrática Timorense, UDT) coup attempt,[23] and unilaterally declared independence on November 28, 1975. Fearing a communist state within the Indonesian archipelago, the Indonesian military, with western support, launched an invasion of East Timor in December 1975. Indonesia declared East Timor its 27th province on 17 July 1976 (Timor Timur).[24] The UN Security Council opposed the invasion and the territory's nominal status in the UN remained as "non-self-governing territory under Portuguese administration".[25]
Indonesia's occupation of East Timor was marked by violence and brutality. A detailed statistical report prepared for the Commission for Reception, Truth and Reconciliation in East Timor cited a minimum bound of 102,800 conflict-related deaths in the period 1974–1999, namely, approximately 18,600 killings and 84,200 "excess" deaths from hunger and illness.[26] The East Timorese guerrilla force (Forças Armadas da Libertação Nacional de Timor-Leste, Falintil) fought a campaign against the Indonesian forces from 1975 to 1999.[citation needed] The invasion was supported by the United States.[27][28][29]
The 1991 Dili Massacre was a turning point for the independence cause internationally, and an East Timor solidarity movement grew in Portugal, Australia, and other western countries.
Following the resignation of Indonesian President Suharto, a UN-sponsored agreement between Indonesia and Portugal allowed for a UN-supervised popular referendum in August 1999. A clear vote for independence was met with a punitive campaign of violence by East Timorese pro-integration militia with the support of elements of the Indonesian military. With Indonesian permission, an Australian-led international peacekeeping force was deployed until order was restored. In late 1999, the administration of East Timor was taken over by the UN through the United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor (UNTAET).[30] The INTERFET deployment ended in February 2000 with the transfer of military command to the UN.[31] By May 2002, over 205,000 refugees had returned,[32] and East Timorese independence was formalised on 20 May 2002 with Xanana Gusmão sworn in as the country's first President. East Timor became a member of the UN in 2002.[33]
The following year, Gusmão declined another presidential term and in the build-up to the April 2007 presidential elections there were renewed outbreaks of violence. José Ramos-Horta was elected President in the May 2007 election.[34] Ramos-Horta was critically injured in an attempted assassination in February 2008. Prime Minister Gusmão also faced gunfire separately but escaped unharmed. Australian reinforcements were immediately sent to help keep order.[35] In 2006, the United Nations sent in security forces to restore order when unrest and factional fighting forced 15 percent of the population (155,000 people) to flee their homes. In March 2011, the UN handed-off operational control of the police force to the East Timor authorities. The United Nations ended its peacekeeping mission on December 31, 2012.[36]
The head of state of East Timor is the President of the Republic, who is elected by popular vote for a five-year term. Although his executive powers are somewhat limited, the president does have veto power over government's legislation. Following elections, the president appoints the leader of the majority party or majority coalition as the Prime Minister of East Timor. As head of government, the prime minister presides over the cabinet.
The unicameral East Timorese parliament is the National Parliament or Parlamento Nacional, whose members are elected by popular vote to a five-year term. The number of seats can vary from a minimum of fifty-two to a maximum of sixty-five. The East Timorese constitution was modeled on that of Portugal. The country is still in the process of building its administration and governmental institutions. Government departments include the Polícia Nacional de Timor-Leste (police), East Timor Ministry for State and Internal Administration, Civil Aviation Division of Timor-Leste, and Immigration Department of Timor-Leste.[citation needed]
Administrative divisions
East Timor is divided into thirteen administrative districts, which, in turn, are subdivided into 65 subdistricts, 442 sucos (villages), and 2,225 aldeias (hamlets).[37]
Foreign relations and military
East Timor sought membership in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) in 2007, and a formal application was submitted in March 2011.[38] Indonesia supports East Timor's bid to join ASEAN.
The Timor Leste Defence Force (Forças de Defesa de Timor-Leste, F-FDTL) is the military body responsible for the defence of East Timor. The F-FDTL was established in February 2001 and comprised two small infantry battalions, a small naval component, and several supporting units.
The F-FDTL's primary role is to protect East Timor from external threats. It also has an internal security role, which overlaps with that of the National Police of East Timor (Polícia Nacional de Timor-Leste, PNTL). This overlap has led to tensions between the services, which have been exacerbated by poor morale and lack of discipline within the F-FDTL.
The F-FDTL's problems came to a head in 2006 when almost half the force was dismissed following protests over discrimination and poor conditions. The dismissal contributed to a general collapse of both the F-FDTL and PNTL in May and forced the government to request foreign peacekeepers to restore security. The F-FDTL is being rebuilt with foreign assistance and has drawn up a long-term force development plan.
Located in Southeast Asia,[39] the island of Timor is part of the Maritime Southeast Asia, and is the largest and easternmost of the Lesser Sunda Islands. To the north of the island are the Ombai Strait, Wetar Strait, and the greater Banda Sea. The Timor Sea separates the island from Australia to the south, and the Indonesian Province of East Nusa Tenggara lies to East Timor's west.
Much of the country is mountainous, and its highest is Tatamailau (also known as Mount Ramelau) at Script error: No such module "convert".. The climate is tropical and generally hot and humid. It is characterised by distinct rainy and dry seasons. The capital, largest city, and main port is Dili, and the second-largest city is the eastern town of Baucau. East Timor lies between latitudes 8° and 10°S, and longitudes 124° and 128°E.
The easternmost area of East Timor consists of the Paitchau Range and the Lake Ira Lalaro area, which contains the county's first conservation area, the Nino Konis Santana National Park.[40] It contains the last remaining tropical dry forested area within the country. It hosts a number of unique plant and animal species and is sparsely populated.[41] The northern coast is characterised by a number of coral reef systems that have been determined to be at risk.[42]
East Timor has a market economy that used to depend upon exports of a few commodities such as coffee, marble, oil, and sandalwood.[43] East Timor's economy grew by about 10% in 2011 and at a similar rate in 2012.[44]
Timor now has revenue from offshore oil and gas reserves, but little of it has gone to develop villages, which still rely on subsistence farming.[45] Nearly half the population lives in extreme poverty.[45]
The Timor-Leste Petroleum Fund was established in 2005, and by 2011 it had reached a worth of US$8.7 billion.[46] East Timor is labelled by the International Monetary Fund as the "most oil-dependent economy in the world".[47] The Petroleum Fund pays for nearly all of the government's annual budget, which has increased from $70 million in 2004 to $1.3 billion in 2011, with a $1.8 billion proposal for 2012.[46]
The economy is dependent on government spending and, to a lesser extent, assistance from international donors.[48] Private sector development has lagged due to human capital shortages, infrastructure weakness, an incomplete legal system, and an inefficient regulatory environment.[48] After petroleum, the second largest export is coffee, which generates about $10 million a year.[48] Starbucks is a major purchaser of East Timorese coffee.[49][50]
According to data gathered in the 2010 census, 87.7% of urban (321,043 people) and 18.9% of rural (821,459 people)households have electricity, for an overall average of 38.2%.[51]
The agriculture sector employs 80% of the active population.[52] In 2009, about 67,000 households grew coffee in East Timor, with a large proportion being poor.[52] Currently, the gross margins are about $120 per hectare, with returns per labor-day of about $3.70.[52] There are 11,000 household growing mungbeans as of 2009, most of them subsistence farmers.[52]
The country was ranked 169th overall and last in the East Asia and Pacific region by the Doing Business 2013 report by the World Bank. The country fared particularly poorly in the 'registering property', 'enforcing contracts' and 'resolving insolvency' categories, ranking last worldwide in all three.[53]
In regards to telecommunications infrastructure, Timor-Leste is the 2nd to last ranked Asian country in the World Economic Forum's Network Readiness Index (NRI) with only Myanmar falling behind it in southeast Asia. NRI is an indicator for determining the development level of a country's information and communication technologies. Timor-Leste ranked number 141 overall in the 2014 NRI ranking, down from 134 in 2013.[54]
The Portuguese colonial administration granted concessions to Oceanic Exploration Corporation to develop petroleum and natural gas deposits in the waters southeast of Timor. However, this was curtailed by the Indonesian invasion in 1976.[citation needed] The resources were divided between Indonesia and Australia with the Timor Gap Treaty in 1989.[55] East Timor inherited no permanent maritime boundaries when it attained independence.[citation needed] A provisional agreement (the Timor Sea Treaty, signed when East Timor became independent on 20 May 2002) defined a Joint Petroleum Development Area (JPDA) and awarded 90% of revenues from existing projects in that area to East Timor and 10% to Australia.[56] An agreement in 2005 between the governments of East Timor and Australia mandated that both countries put aside their dispute over maritime boundaries and that East Timor would receive 50% of the revenues from the resource exploitation in the area (estimated at A$26 billion, or about US$20 billion over the lifetime of the project)[57] from the Greater Sunrise development.[58] In 2013, East Timor launched a case at the Permanent Court of Arbitration in The Hague to pull out of a gas treaty that it had signed with Australia, accusing the Australian Secret Intelligence Service (ASIS) of bugging the East Timorese cabinet room in Dili in 2004.[59]
There are no patent laws in East Timor.[60]
|Historical populations
|Source: 2010 census[61]
The population of East Timor is about 1,143,667.[6] The population is especially concentrated in the area around Dili.[citation needed]
The word Maubere,[62] formerly used by the Portuguese to refer to native East Timorese and often employed as synonymous with the illiterate and uneducated, was adopted by FReTiLIn as a term of pride.[63] They consist of a number of distinct ethnic groups, most of whom are of mixed Malayo-Polynesian and Melanesian/Papuan descent.[citation needed] The largest Malayo-Polynesian ethnic groups are the Tetum[64] (100,000), primarily in the north coast and around Dili; the Mambai (80,000), in the central mountains; the Tukudede (63,170), in the area around Maubara and Liquiçá; the Galoli (50,000), between the tribes of Mambae and Makasae; the Kemak (50,000) in north-central Timor island; and the Baikeno (20,000), in the area around Pante Macassar.[citation needed]
The main tribes of predominantly Papuan origin include the Bunak (50,000), in the central interior of Timor island; the Fataluku (30,000), at the eastern tip of the island near Lospalos; and the Makasae, toward the eastern end of the island.[citation needed] As a result of interracial marriage which was common during the Portuguese era, there is a population of people of mixed East Timorese and Portuguese origin, known in Portuguese as mestiços. There is a small Chinese minority, most of whom are Hakka. Many Chinese left in the mid-1970s.[65]
East Timor's two official languages are Portuguese and Tetum. Tetum belongs to the Austronesian family of languages spoken throughout Southeast Asia.[66]
The 2010 census found that the most commonly spoken mother tongues were Tetum Prasa (mother tongue for 36.6% of the population), Mambai (12.5%), Makasai (9.7%), Tetum Terik (6.0%), Baikenu (5.9%), Kemak (5.9%), Bunak (5.3%), Tokodede (3.7%), and Fataluku (3.6%). Other indigenous languages largely accounted for the remaining 10.9%, while Portuguese was spoken natively by just under 600 people.[67]
Under Indonesian rule, the use of Portuguese was banned and only Indonesian was allowed to be used in government offices, schools and public business.[68] During the Indonesian occupation, Tetum and Portuguese were important unifying elements for the East Timorese people in opposing Javanese culture.[69] Portuguese was adopted as one of the two official languages upon independence in 2002 for this reason and as a link to Lusophone nations in other parts of the world. It is now being taught and promoted with the help of Brazil, Portugal, and the Community of Portuguese Language Countries.[70]
Indonesian and English are defined as working languages under the Constitution in the Final and Transitional Provisions, without setting a final date. Aside from Tetum, Ethnologue lists the following indigenous languages: Adabe, Baikeno, Bunak, Fataluku, Galoli, Habun, Idaté, Kairui-Midiki, Kemak, Lakalei, Makasae, Makuv'a, Mambae, Nauete, Tukudede, and Waima'a.[71] It is estimated that English is understood by 31.4% of the population. 35% speak, read, and write Portuguese as of 2012, which is up significantly from less than 5% in the 2006 UN Development Report.[72][73]
East Timor is a member of the Community of Portuguese Language Countries (also known as the Lusophone Commonwealth) and of the Latin Union.[74]
According to the Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger, there are six endangered languages in East Timor: Adabe, Habu, Kairui-Midiki, Maku'a, Naueti, and Waima'a.[75]
East Timor's adult literacy rate in 2010 was 58.3 per cent, up from just 37.6% in 2001.[76] Illiteracy is higher among women. In schools it is believed that corporal punishment still occurs in some situations and attendance is considered important enough that teachers would make way to find out why a student was not in school, with punishments intended if reasons aren't valid. [77] Illiteracy was at 95 per cent at the end of Portuguese rule.[78] In 2006, 10% to 30% of primary-school age children did not attend school.[79]
The National University of East Timor is the country's main university. There are also four colleges.[80]
Since independence, both Indonesian and Tetum have lost ground as mediums of instruction, while Portuguese has increased: in 2001 only 8.4% of primary school and 6.8% of secondary school students attended a Portuguese-medium school; by 2005 this had increased to 81.6% for primary and 46.3% for secondary schools.[81] Indonesian formerly played a considerable role in education, being used by 73.7% of all secondary school students as a medium of instruction, but by 2005 it was used by most schools only in Baucau, Manatuto, as well as the capital district.[81]
Life expectancy at birth was at 60.7 in 2007.[77] The fertility rate is at six births per woman.[77] Healthy life expectancy at birth was at 55 years in 2007.[77] Government expenditure on health was at US$150 (PPP) per person in 2006.[77] There were two hospitals and 14 village healthcare facilities in 1974. By 1994, there were 11 hospitals and 330 healthcare centres.[80]
The 2010 maternal mortality rate per 100,000 births for East Timor is 370. This is compared with 928.6 in 2008 and 1016.3 in 1990. The under-5 mortality rate per 1,000 births is 60 and the neonatal mortality rate per 1,000 live births is 27.[82] The number of midwives per 1,000 live births is 8 and the lifetime risk of death for pregnant women is 1 in 44.[83]
The country has one of the highest smoking rates in the world, with 33% of the population, including 61% of men, smoking daily.[84]
By 2015, due to a Cuban–East Timorese training programme initiated in 2003, East Timor will have more doctors per capita than any other country in southeast Asia.[85]
Hunger situation
According to the Global Hunger Index of 2013, East Timor has an GHI indicator value of 29.6 indicating that the nation has an 'Alarming Hunger Situation' earning the nation the distinction of being the hungriest country in the entire continent of Asia and the 4th hungriest nation in the world.[86]
In 2007, a bad harvest led to deaths in several parts of East Timor. By November, eleven subdistricts still needed food supplied by international aid.[87]
According to the 2010 census, 96.9% of the population profess Catholicism; 2.2% Protestantism or Evangelicalism; 0.3% are Muslim; and 0.5% practise some other or no religion.[88]
The number of churches has grown from 100 in 1974 to over 800 in 1994,[80] with Church membership having grown considerably under Indonesian rule as Pancasila, Indonesia's state ideology, requires all citizens to believe in one God and does not recognise traditional beliefs. In rural areas, Catholicism is practised along with local traditions.[89]
While the Constitution of East Timor enshrines the principles of freedom of religion and separation of church and state in Section 45 Comma 1, it also acknowledges "the participation of the Catholic Church in the process of national liberation".[90] Upon independence, the country joined the Philippines to become the only two predominantly Roman Catholic states in Asia, although nearby parts of eastern Indonesia such as West Timor and Flores also have Catholic majorities.
The Roman Catholic Church divides East Timor into three dioceses: the Diocese of Díli, the Diocese of Baucau, and the Diocese of Maliana.[91]
The culture of East Timor reflects numerous influences, including Portuguese, Roman Catholic and Indonesian, on Timor's indigenous Austronesian and Melanesian cultures. East Timorese culture is heavily influenced by Austronesian legends. For example, East Timorese creation myth has it that an aging crocodile transformed into the island of Timor as part of a debt repayment to a young boy who had helped the crocodile when it was sick.[92] As a result, the island is shaped like a crocodile and the boy's descendants are the native East Timorese who inhabit it. The phrase "leaving the crocodile" refers to the pained exile of East Timorese from their island.
There is also a strong tradition[clarification needed] of poetry in the country.[citation needed] Prime Minister Xanana Gusmão, for example, is a distinguished poet.[citation needed]
Architecturally, Portuguese-style buildings can be found, along with the traditional totem houses of the eastern region. These are known as uma lulik ("sacred houses") in Tetum and lee teinu ("legged houses") in Fataluku.[citation needed] Craftsmanship and the weaving of traditional scarves (tais) is also widespread.[citation needed]
An extensive collection of Timorese audiovisual material is held at the National Film and Sound Archive of Australia. These holdings have been identified in a document titled The NFSA Timor-Leste Collection Profile, which features catalogue entries and essays for a total of 795 NFSA-held moving image, recorded sound and documentation works that have captured the history and culture of East Timor since the early 20th century.[93] The NFSA is working with the East Timor government to ensure that all of this material can be used and accessed by the people of that country.[94] In 2013 the first East Timorese feature film, Beatriz's War, was released.[95]
The cuisine of East Timor consists of regional popular foods such as pork, fish, basil, tamarind, legumes, corn, rice, root vegetables, and tropical fruit. East Timorese cuisine has influences from Southeast Asian foods and from Portuguese dishes from its colonisation by Portugal. Flavours and ingredients from other former Portuguese colonies can be found due to the centuries-old Portuguese presence on the island.
Sports organisations joined by East Timor include the International Olympic Committee (IOC), the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF), the International Badminton Federation (IBF), joined the Union Cycliste Internationale, the International Weightlifting Federation, the International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF), and East Timor's national football team joined FIFA. East Timorese athletes competed in the 2003 Southeast Asian Games held 2003. In the 2003 ASEAN Paralympics Games, East Timor won a bronze medal. In the Athens 2004 Olympic Games, East Timorese athletes participated in athletics, weightlifting and boxing. East Timor won three medals in Arnis at the 2005 Southeast Asian Games. East Timor competed in the first Lusophony Games and, in October 2008, the country earned its first international points in a FIFA football match with a 2–2 draw against Cambodia.[96] East Timor competed at the 2014 Winter Olympics.
See also
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- ^ "Doing Business in Timor-Leste". World Bank. Retrieved 13 February 2013.
- ^ "NRI Overall Ranking 2014" (PDF). World Economic Forum. Retrieved 28 June 2014.
- ^ "TIMOR GAP TREATY between Australia and the Republic of Indonesia…". Agreements, Treaties and Negotiated Settlements Project. Archived from the original on 2005-06-16. Retrieved 2013-02-11.
- ^ "The Timor Sea Treaty: Are the Issues Resolved?". Aph.gov.au. Archived from the original on 2011-06-04. Retrieved July 17, 2011.
- ^ Geoff A. McKee, oil and gas expert engineer, Lecturer, University of NSW, Sydney, Australia. "McKee: How much is Sunrise really worth?: True Value of a Timor Sea Gas Resource (26 Mar 05)". Canb.auug.org.au. Retrieved July 17, 2011.
- ^ "Prime Minister and Cabinet, Timor-Leste Government – Media Releases". Pm.gov.tp. Retrieved July 17, 2011.[dead link]
- ^ Australian Broadcasting Corporation (5 December 2013). "East Timor spying case: PM Xanana Gusmao calls for Australia to explain itself over ASIO raids". Australian Broadcasting Corporation.
- ^ "Gazetteer – Patents". Billanderson.com.au. Retrieved March 28, 2010.
- ^ "Population and Housing Census 2010: Preliminary Results" (PDF). Direcção Nacional de Estatística.
- ^ "Maubere" article at the German Wikipedia.
- ^ Fox, James J.; Soares, Dionisio Babo (2000). Out of the Ashes: Destruction and Reconstruction of East Timor. C. Hurst. p. 60. ISBN 978-1-85065-554-1.
- ^ Taylor, Jean Gelman (2003). Indonesia: Peoples and Histories. Yale University Press. p. 378. ISBN 978-0-300-10518-6.
- ^ Constâncio Pinto; Matthew Jardine (1997). East Timor's Unfinished Struggle: Inside the East Timorese Resistance. South End Press. p. 263. ISBN 978-0-89608-541-1.
- ^ Taylor, Jean Gelman (2003). Indonesia: Peoples and Histories. New Haven and London: Yale University Press. p. page 378. ISBN 978-0-300-10518-6.
- ^ "Table 13: Population distribution by mother tongue, Urban Rural and District". Volume 2: Population Distribution by Administrative Areas (PDF). Population and Housing Census of Timor-Leste, 2010 (Timor-Leste Ministry of Finance). p. 205.
- ^ Gross, Max L. (14 February 2008). A Muslim Archipelago: Islam and Politics in Southeast Asia: Islam and Politics in Southeast Asia. Government Printing Office. p. 119. ISBN 978-0-16-086920-4.
- ^ Jarnagin, Laura (1 April 2012). Portuguese and Luso-Asian Legacies in Southeast Asia, 1511-2011. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. p. 106. ISBN 978-981-4345-50-7.
- ^ [1]
- ^ "Languages of East Timor". Ethnologue.
- ^ "Timor Leste, Tetum, Portuguese, Bahasa Indonesia or English?". April 20, 2012.
- ^ JSMP Report at the Wayback Machine (archived May 15, 2005) PDF (295 KB)
- ^ "Estados Miembros". Union Latine.
- ^ "Interactive Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger". UNESCO.
- ^ "National adult literacy rates (15+), youth literacy rates (15-24) and elderly literacy rates (65+)". UNESCO Institute for Statistics.
- ^ a b c d e "Human Development Report 2009 – Timor-Leste". Hdrstats.undp.org. Retrieved March 28, 2010.
- ^ Roslyn Appleby (2010-08-30). ELT, Gender and International Development: Myths of Progress in a Neocolonial World. Multilingual Matters. p. 92. ISBN 978-1-84769-303-7.
- ^ "Timor-Leste faces development challenges". Content.undp.org. January 12, 2006. Retrieved March 28, 2010.
- ^ a b c Robinson, G. If you leave us here, we will die, Princeton University Press 2010, p. 72.
- ^ a b "Table 5.7 - Profile Of Students That Attended The 2004/05 Academic Year By Rural And Urban Areas And By District". Direcção Nacional de Estatística.
- ^ "Timor-Leste" (PDF). United Nations Population Fund. Retrieved 2013-02-11.
- ^ "The State Of The World's Midwifery". United Nations Population Fund. Retrieved August 2011.
- ^ The country where nearly two-thirds of men smoke, BBC News, Peter Taylor, 4 June 2014
- ^ Hodal, Kate (June 25, 2012). "Cuban infusion remains the lifeblood of Timor-Leste's health service". London: guardian.co.uk.
- ^ Welthungerhilfe, IFPRI, and Concern Worldwide: 2013 Global Hunger Index - The challenge of hunger: Building Resilience to Achieve Food and Nutrition Security. Bonn, Washington D. C., Dublin. October 2013.
- ^ Voice of America, June 24, 2007, East Timor Facing Food Crisis at the Wayback Machine (archived June 26, 2007) and Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of Timor-Leste.
- ^ "Volume 2: Population Distribution by Administrative Areas" (PDF). Population and Housing Census of Timor-Leste, 2010. Timor-Leste Ministry of Finance. p. 21.
- ^ Hajek, John; Tilman, Alexandre Vital (2001-10-01). East Timor Phrasebook. Lonely Planet. p. 56. ISBN 978-1-74059-020-4.
- ^ "Constitution Of The Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste" (PDF). Governo de Timor-Leste.
- ^ "Pope Benedict XVI erects new diocese in East Timor". Catholic News Agency.
- ^ Wise, Amanda (2006), Exile and Return Among the East Timorese, Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press, pp. 211–218, ISBN 0-8122-3909-1
- ^ NFSA provides insight into Timor-Leste history on nfsa.gov.au
- ^ A connection with Timor-Leste on nfsa.gov.au
- ^ "Fresh start for East Timor's film scene". Sydney Morning Hearld. Retrieved 2013-10-03.
- ^ Madra, Ek (2008-10-30). "World's worst football team happy to win first point". Reuters. Retrieved 2013-02-11.
- Cashmore, Ellis (1988). Dictionary of Race and Ethnic Relations. New York: Routledge. ASIN B000NPHGX6
- Charny, Israel W. Encyclopedia of Genocide Volume I. Denver: Abc Clio.
- Dunn, James (1996). East Timor: A People Betrayed. Sydney: ABC Books.
- Hägerdal, Hans (2012), Lords of the Land, Lords of the Sea; Conflict and Adaptation in Early Colonial Timor, 1600–1800. Oapen.org
- Leach, Michael, and Damien Kingsbury, eds. The Politics of Timor-Leste: Democratic Consolidation After Intervention (Cornell Southeast Asia Program, distributed by Cornell University Press; 2013) 292 pages;
- Levinson, David. Ethnic Relations. Denver: Abc Clio.
- Rudolph, Joseph R. Encyclopedia of Modern Ethnic Conflicts. Westport: Greenwood P, 2003. 101–106.
- Shelton, Dinah. Encyclopedia of Genocide and Crimes Against Humanity. Thompson Gale.
- Taylor, John G. (1999). East Timor: The Price of Freedom. Australia: Pluto Press. ISBN 978-1-85649-840-1.
- East Timor: a bibliography, a bibliographic reference, Jean A. Berlie, launched by PM Xanana Gusmão, Indes Savantes editor, Paris, France, published in 2001. ISBN 978-2-84654-012-4, ISBN 978-2-84654-012-4.
- East Timor, politics and elections (in Chinese)/ 东帝汶政治与选举 (2001–2006): 国家建设及前景展望, Jean A. Berlie, Institute of Southeast Asian Studies of Jinan University editor, Jinan, China, published in 2007.
External links
- Government
- General information
- Timor-Leste entry at The World Factbook
- East Timor from UCB Libraries GovPubs
- Timor-Leste at DMOZ
- East Timor at Encyclopædia Britannica
- East Timor profile BBC News
- 16x16px Wikimedia Atlas of East Timor
- Key Development Forecasts for Timor-Leste from International Futures
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
With over 60 years in business, SSH has a proven track record in Investment Sales, Tenant and Landlord Representation.
SSH provided insightful counsel throughout the multi-year process. They really know this market, and their guidance was invaluable on this significant business decision for Cozen O'Connor.Thomas A. Decker,
Vice Chairman
Cozen O'Connor
With six million square feet of commercial and multi-family properties under management, SSH is a dynamic and innovative industry leader.
Transitions are always difficult, SSH was able to assume management of our corporate offices and allow for a seamless transition. Their professional team quickly grasped the building systems and brought us to a higher level of management standards at a reduced cost. We are more than satisfied.Burma H. Gamble,
Office Services Manager
Philadelphia Corporation for Aging
SSH Real Estate has acquired 14 properties totaling over 2.3 million square feet valuing approximately $350 million.
SSH's winning formula of intimate market knowledge, high quality in-house personnel, unmatched integrity and superior execution has proven extremely successful in the investments we have made together over the last 10 years.Michael Young,


text:
Active Hunter
I used WOF plans, but made a cardboard mold and fiber glassed it. A Vaseline like release on the mold allowed for the card board to be torn away. Had to upscale to compensate for thickness of fiberglass and my arm size. The fiberglass top and bottom halves needed Bondo to fill in bubbles, etc. The rocket is made of PVC pipe and connectors. The ribs are 1/8 PVC strips. The rocket tip was made using a small funnel as a mold to cast a basic fiberglass shape. Careful work on a belt sander to shape the back angle. I drilled a hole through the back of the tip that a nail goes through and a larger hole for a dowel that is glued in place, holding in the nail. The silver tip was made by dremmeling down a small piece of dowel. The sawed off nail tip ca be seen at the front of the rocket tip. I drilled holes in the copper colored part by putting a small drill bit in a dremmel.
Last edited by a moderator:


text:
#Bizitalk & BiziTalkers
03-22-2012, 07:12 PM (This post was last modified: 04-02-2013 04:32 PM by bizitalker.)
Post: #1
#Bizitalk & BiziTalkers
It's not easy for small business to effectively manage a successful twitter account. They lack time and resources. However, retweeting and being retweeted is a recognised way of building your profile and here #bizitalk steps in.
#bizitalk has created a networking platform for small and micro businesses to gain more exposure. We will retweet interesting, informative, promotional messages as much as we can - and some social chit chat as well! Other 'Bizitalkers' are retweeting and engaging with each other and the audience is growing rapidly.
Those experienced in business know that sales is a numbers game. The more people who see you, your brand, your product, your service - the more you will sell. It's as simple as that - it's not rocket science.
#bizitalk is already proving to be a very effective way of increasing your social media exposure, and quickly - see testimonials below.
All you have to do is type in #bizitalk. It costs nothing, except a couple of seconds of your time, and then we and other Bizitalkers will engage with you.
#bizitalk - talking and re-talking your business
Don't forget to drill down the posts. #bizitalk has left the runway, is climbing fast and trends throughout the UK most days.
bizitalk - talking business
03-31-2012, 03:15 PM (This post was last modified: 04-17-2012 09:05 AM by bizitalker.)
Post: #2
RE: #bizitalk - ReTalk
Mark &T (Fitz2Kleen) @Fitz2Kleen
If you tweet for business your most important 1st follows should be @Bizitalk for support and networking #bizitalk for RT's"
bizitalk - talking business
03-31-2012, 04:01 PM (This post was last modified: 05-03-2012 10:19 AM by bizitalker.)
Post: #3
RE: #bizitalk - ReTalk
Nessie Richards @nimuesnestgifts
If you're a business & not on #bizitalk you're missing a great twitter opportunity, it's most certainly the place to be for support & promos
bizitalk - talking business
04-01-2012, 08:01 AM (This post was last modified: 04-23-2012 02:01 PM by bizitalker.)
Post: #4
RE: #bizitalk - ReTalk
#bizitalk has taken off much quicker than we expected and the time has come already to ask Bizitalkers to retweet each other as much as they can. It takes very little time to do and of course this hugely increases everyone's exposure. One small tweet from a small business with just 50 followers can get out in minutes to many, many thousands of potential customers and of course the larger accounts, with thousands of followers, get the same result whilst being seen to be supporting small business. Bizitalk will continue to retweet as much as possible.
Bizitalk was conceived in 2004 as a new, fun, speed dating and networking service where you would meet 30 businesses in 60 minutes. Now, #bizitalk can introduce and network your business to thousands of businesses and customers across the whole of the UK - and the world - in just a few minutes. How times have changed!
bizitalk - talking business
04-03-2012, 09:08 AM (This post was last modified: 04-23-2012 02:01 PM by bizitalker.)
Post: #5
RE: #bizitalk - ReTalk
@drinksuk joined twitter for the first time yesterday and saw #bizitalk. By 10pm they had over 300 followers by joining other bizitalkers on #bizitalk and being retweeted and recommended. That total is astonishing for a first day on twitter and @drinksuk puts it down to #bizitalk. You can't get a better example of how #bizitalk is changing the twitter lives of many companies who are reporting much increased follower totals. Give it a try - it doesn't cost anything except 2 seconds of your time.
Bit partial to Chardonnay guys if you're thinking that way. Ed.
bizitalk - talking business
04-03-2012, 09:40 AM (This post was last modified: 04-04-2012 06:23 AM by bizitalker.)
Post: #6
RE: #bizitalk - ReTalk
Neil Tipton @NeilTipton1
@Bizitalk Thanks for the follow. Just had my first call from lead via #bizitalk and only joined twitter yesterday.
bizitalk - talking business
04-03-2012, 04:40 PM (This post was last modified: 04-05-2012 05:33 PM by bizitalker.)
Post: #7
RE: #bizitalk - ReTalk
Phil & Louise @AllironedOut Reply Retweeted Favorite · Open
Thanks to everyone who has retweeted, followed and mentioned us today. We're truly grateful. 100 followers today! > #bizitalk works, try it!
Said it would! Ed.
bizitalk - talking business
04-03-2012, 07:54 PM (This post was last modified: 05-03-2012 10:20 AM by bizitalker.)
Post: #8
RE: #bizitalk - ReTalk
Mark &T (Fitz2Kleen) @Fitz2Kleen · Open
Health and Safety warning! If you enter #bizitalk on your tweets stand well back and wait for the explosion of tweets & retweets #bizitalk
Employing ME @EmployingME
@Fitz2Kleen You're NOT WRONG!! Dont forget the sudden blast of followers! took 10 mins to gain 30!! I laughed! best thing EVER..#bizitalk
bizitalk - talking business
04-03-2012, 08:08 PM (This post was last modified: 04-03-2012 08:09 PM by bizitalker.)
Post: #9
RE: #bizitalk - ReTalk
Bernard Midgley @bernardmidgley Reply Retweet Favorite · Open
@PromptPayer I definitely will #bizitalk has really helped me get started on here!
bizitalk - talking business
Post: #10
RE: #bizitalk - ReTalk
Jules Thomas @The_Last_Hurdle Reply Retweet Favorite · Open
Special thanks to @Bizitalk and @PromptPayer thanks for all your supportive RT's much appreciated #bizitalk rocks!
bizitalk - talking business
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text:
Twins pair plays 'Bucks' in bid for bankroll
The hit MLB.com game show "Bucks on the Pond" powered by Ford has doled out more than $20,000 to fans on the concourses of 25 of the 30 Major League ballparks over the past year, and the opportunity to be part of that made a meaningful ballpark date at Target Field even more special for Episode 31 contestants Nick Bravos and Moriah Bricker.
The pair met last fall as interns in Washington. Bravos is a lifelong Twins fan from Minnetonka, Minn., and Bricker is from Medford, N.J., outside Philadelphia. They suddenly found themselves trying to manage a long-distance relationship, and the "Bucks" crew made it a little easier as they were randomly snagged on the concourse during her visit to see him.
"To start, we both were really excited," Bravos said in an email to MLB.com. "It was her first Twins game, and on top of that, it was a fantastic night for a ballgame, so we couldn't ask for more. When we were first approached by MLB.com, we were a bit skeptical about what 'Bucks on the Pond' really was, but we soon realized what an awesome opportunity it was. It was quite a way to start off our night, and then we had great seats -- first-base line, couple rows back."
Consider this another milestone for the Twins. The first "Bucks" show taped there was MLB.com's 50th episode dating back to last August, with a quartet of fans raking in $220. The 60th overall episode was taped at Target Field as well, as new shows are released each Tuesday and Thursday.
"Bucks" is hosted by Jeremy Brisiel, and you might be a part of this season when you least expect it. Fans at the ballpark interact with MLB.com's studio through the magic of technology in conjunction with game action inside. Contestants are asked a trivia question -- general knowledge and baseball -- on each pitch during a half-inning of baseball. Get the question correct, and you win money. Get the question wrong, and it's a strike. Three strikes, and you're out.
The questions' difficulty and value increase with the number of outs in the on-field action: $5 easy questions to start, $10 medium-difficulty questions after one out, $20 hard questions after two outs. If the contestant lasts longer than the team's at-bat, they win the bucks in their bank.
Cross the $100 mark during the show, and that's where Frank Thomas comes into play. You can wager any part of your bank on that next question, which is asked each episode by the 2014 Hall of Fame candidate. Answer correctly, and you win, answer incorrectly, and you lose that amount ... and it's another strike. Watch the video to see how the latest ballpark date turns out.
"We met while interning in D.C. in the fall of 2012," Bravos recalled.
"We unfortunately were long distance for most of the spring, but in May, she came to Minnesota to stay with me for the summer. So I figured a Twins game would be the perfect way for her to experience some the best Minnesota has to offer. Sadly, it was my last Twins home game, because last week we moved back to D.C. together. But even though I'll be in Nats territory, the Twinks will always be my team."
Bravos said his Torii Hunter poster and signed baseball keep that long-distance relationship alive. That and the fact that he and Bricker now have a lasting video memento. He graduated this past May and has been working as a graphic designer at a software company. She is going into her senior year at American University, pursuing a business administration degree with a concentration in accounting.
"I think I'd have to say my favorite Twins memory, although I was very, very small, would have to be those two World Series rings," Bravos said. "Although Moriah is from close to Philly, I think I'm pretty close to making her a Twins fan."
As they make their run at "Bucks" cash, Bravos rubs his hands together at one point and says: "Pay for the tickets."
Topics covered in this episode include jungle cats, Twins ballparks, math, billiards, U.S. mountains, Twins rookies, "Star Wars," Ron Gardenhire, plantar fasciitis, pop music, movies and batting styles.
In addition to the Twins, teams visited by the "Bucks" crew include the Angels, Astros, Athletics, Brewers, Cardinals, Cubs, D-backs, Dodgers, Giants, Indians, Mariners, Marlins, Mets, Orioles, Padres, Phillies, Pirates, Red Sox, Reds, Rockies, Royals, Tigers, White Sox and Yankees. Bookmark MLB.com/bucks and be on the lookout for the "Bucks" crew at your ballpark.


text:
Join us on the first Wednesday of every month, from 5:30 – 8pm, for our Vintage Game Night!
OCTOBER 1 Vintage Game Night is sponsored by Devils Backbone Brewing Company – enjoy craft beer with tastings on the terrace. Lawn bowling and croquet in the back garden to welcome in summer!
The museum will be open after hours for this happy hour event. Ticket price includes entrance to the museum, 2 drink vouchers, gaming munchies, and all-you-can-play vintage board games. Additional drinks can be purchased for $5 each.
Located just above Dupont Circle, the President Woodrow Wilson House is the authentically furnished 1920s home to where our 28th President moved into from the White House. Lounge where Wilson would have lounged, play games the Wilson family would have played (from the 1920s, 30s and 40s) and enjoy a unique game night experience unlike anything else in DC!
Tickets can be purchased online. Due to Vintage Game Night's popularity, we have to limit the number of walk-ins we accept. Walk-ins are taken on a first come, first served basis. We hope to see you there!
Questions or concerns? email@example.com


text:
Despite losing record, Rays still feel in contention
Decision on whether or not to trade ace Price could have second-half impact
ST. PETERSBURG -- In most any other year, the Rays would be cooked if they went to the All-Star break with a record beneath the .500 mark. Not this season.
The 2014 season has been different. Yes, the Rays headed into the break with a losing record, but given the way they have been playing recently, coupled with the fact the fact that nobody in the American League East seems to want to run away with the division, Tampa Bay feels like it is still in the hunt.
Making the waters murkier on how they should proceed out of the gates in the second half are the trade rumors. Specifically, will they trade David Price? A lot of teams in baseball would love to procure the Rays' ace, and the idea of trading him looked more like a sure thing earlier in the season. Now, Tampa Bay must weigh the cost of trading Price -- no doubt the club could secure an impact player, or players, for the future -- versus keeping him.
Five key developments so far
1. Kiermaier's offense
Everybody knew Kevin Kiermaier could play defense, but the strike against him was the question of whether he could hit. Well, he started hitting once he arrived, and he hasn't stopped hitting since. Kiermaier's presence has given the Rays a much-needed spark on offense and defense.
2. McGee high or low
All the talk about Jake McGee during Spring Training focused on the fact that the hard-throwing left-hander was working on a curveball, and having that pitch would help keep hitters off his fastball. While McGee did work on a curve, he just hasn't used it. Instead, he locates his 97-to-99 mph heater wherever he wants to with great success and little regard for keeping hitters off his fastball.
First-half awards
|MVP: Kevin Kiermaier
Gave the offense a much-needed boost when the team needed it most.
|Top starter: David Price
Feels as though he's pitching better than he has at any point in his career.
|Top rookie: Kevin Kiermaier
Offense has matched his defense.
|Top reliever: Jake McGee
The hard-throwing left-hander has been overpowering.
3. Starting pitching depth challenged
When the news came in January that Jeremy Hellickson had right elbow surgery, the starting staff took its first hit. Alex Colome then got suspended for PEDs, which meant one of the team's first options at Triple-A Durham was lost for 50 games. Then Matt Moore had season-ending Tommy John surgery, and Alex Cobb went on the disabled list with an oblique injury. Suddenly, the depth of the Rays' starting pitching was challenged. Fortunately, Jake Odorizzi began to find his way, and veteran Erik Bedard pitched well, too.
4. Bottom feeders
Tampa Bay got off to a slow start, finishing April with an 11-16 record, putting the club in fifth place in the AL East. The Rays alternated fourth and fifth place in May before dropping into last place on May 28 and remaining in the cellar until July 6. On the bright side, no team in the AL East appears capable of running away and hiding, which gives Tampa Bay some hope for the second half.
5. Archer coming into his own
Chris Archer showed quality stuff throughout the first half and is poised to become one of the better pitchers in the league. The right-hander has been overpowering in most of his starts, and he's learning how to better navigate choppy waters when he finds them.
Second-half storylines
1. Can Longoria find his groove?
Evan Longoria is the Rays' best player -- nobody will contend that simple truth. But to date, he has not had that red-hot month he's shown Tampa Bay fans since first coming to the Major Leagues in 2008. Typically, Longoria has one or two months in which he seemingly can't miss the ball. Since that has not happened yet, the Rays can bank on Longoria having one or two such months in the second half. That's just how Longoria rolls.
2. Will Price finish the season with the Rays?
Once David Price found his stride, he has been one of the best pitchers in the AL. If the Rays are going to make a run to the playoffs, they need him to lead the way. He eats innings and he wins. Alas, if they fall out of the hunt, it's reasonable to expect that Price will get traded. The players Tampa Bay could get for its ace could dramatically impact future seasons. However, the Rays are not prone to react to deadlines like the pending July 31 non-waiver Trade Deadline. Chances are Tampa Bay won't be so far out at that juncture that he'll be traded, which means it's likely he'll finish the season as a Ray.
Second-half players to watch
|Evan Longoria
Needs to get on a roll and the Rays could follow.
|Yunel Escobar
Can be a difference maker when he's at the top of his game.
|Grant Balfour
Has to regain his confidence.
3. Does Myers return and thrive?
Wil Myers went down with a fractured left wrist after colliding with Desmond Jennings. He is expected to return sometime in August. Prior to getting injured, Myers did not hit the way he did while earning the 2013 AL Rookie of the Year Award. A Myers return has the potential of giving Tampa Bay the same kind of boost that trading for a player might. If the Rays are still in contention, his power could make a difference. If they are not, there is no reason to rush the youngster back.
4. Cobb's contribution
Cobb was a lock in 2013 and appeared headed for the same kind of consistency this season before he went on the disabled list with an oblique injury. Since returning, he has struggled with his mechanics and, at times, those mechanical issues have lingered in his mind when he took the mound. Cobb wants to get back to the point where he's not thinking about his mechanics so he can completely focus on the hitter. Based on the pitcher he's been thus far in his career, the Rays can count on getting a nice lift from Cobb's second-half work.
5. Is less than 90 wins good enough to reach the playoffs?
Every team in the AL East appears to have warts this season. Translation: 90 wins will likely be a lock to win the division, and a team with less than 90 wins will likely have a chance at winning the East. Now the bad news: The Rays did not play .500 baseball in the first half. That means they must win a lot in the second half to finish with anything close to 88 or 89 wins.


text:
PulseAudio is a sound server, a background process accepting sound input from one or more sources (processes or capture devices) and redirecting it to one or more sinks (sound cards, remote network PulseAudio servers, or other processes).
Supported Operating Systems Linux (any modern distribution) Solaris FreeBSD Native Win32 (no cygwin)
pulseaudio -nCW: pulsecore/random.c: failed to get proper entropy. Falling back to seeding with current time.W: pulsecore/core-util.c: secure directory creation not supported on Win32.W: pulsecore/core.c: failed to allocate shared memory pool. Falling back to a normal memory pool.W: pulsecore/core-util.c: WARNING: Only sockets can be made non-blocking!W: pulse/mainloop.c: WARNING: cannot monitor non-socket file descriptors.W: pulsecore/core-util.c: WARNING: Only sockets can be made non-blocking!W: pulse/mainloop.c: WARNING: cannot monitor non-socket file descriptors.
Hi and thanks for the feedback. I've tried all relevant winamp plugins I've found, including those in that thread, but can't get it to work (alternatively, not working without delay). Also tried AudioRepeater last time I looked for a solution to this but got delay problems. The speaker positions for the two soundcards will be close enough for it to sound weird. I've also searched for some foobar plugin but can't find one that fits the bill. That's why I'm now more leaning towards trying to get two separate mediaplayers instances in sync.-Nod5 (February 06, 2010, 03:29 PM)
Page created in 0.027 seconds with 48 queries.


text:
|Welcome to the Monastery
Re: Beginners guide to File::Findby tos (Deacon)
|on May 25, 2003 at 19:28 UTC ( #260720=note: print w/replies, xml )
|Need Help??
File::Find wasn't my friend in the past. Therefore i appreciate your interesting article. A few times i looked for possibility to work with File::Find as can be done with gnu-find regarding the maxdepth-feature.
The no_chdir-parameter seemed to me as a possible beginning for this.
But when i tested the concerning code-snipped in your article i couldn't recognize any difference between false or true no_chdir
given directory da
pf1' output
What's the problem ?
greetings, tos
In Section Tutorials