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Bits, Bytes, and Bases: Write a JavaScript Binary/Decimal/Hexadecimal Converter
|Areas of Science
Computer Science
|Time Required
|Short (2-5 days)
|You should be able to:
|Material Availability
|Readily available
|Very Low (under $20)
|No issues
AbstractThis is a challenging first computer science project. You'll learn the basics of how digital devices can represent numbers using only 0's and 1's, and you'll write a JavaScript program to convert numbers between binary, decimal and hexadecimal notation.
ObjectiveThe objective of this project is to write a JavaScript program that can convert numbers between their binary, decimal and hexadecimal representations. The number to be converted can be supplied as a binary, decimal or hexadecimal number. The program then automatically displays the number in the other two representations.
Share your story with Science Buddies!Yes, I Did This Project! Please log in (or create a free account) to let us know how things went.
Cite This PageGeneral citation information is provided here. Be sure to check the formatting, including capitalization, for the method you are using and update your citation, as needed.
MLA Style
APA Style
Last edit date: 2020-07-03
This is an example of an advanced first-time programming project. You will learn the basics of how digital devices can represent numbers using only 0's and 1's. You will be writing a simple program to convert numbers between binary, decimal and hexadecimal notation.
It is assumed that you know how to use a text editor to write an HTML file containing your program, and that you know how to load and run the file in your browser.
You will also need to know the basics of how JavaScript functions can be written to work with HTML FORM elements. Specifically, you will be working with HTML INPUT elements, and using JavaScript String and Array objects and for loop statements in your functions.
If you need help with any of this, read the Introduction section in: "ABC's of Programming: Writing a Simple 'Alphabetizer' with JavaScript" For help with writing loops, read the Introduction section in: "Paragraph Stats: Writing a JavaScript Program to 'Measure' Text"."
Decimal and Digital: Base 10 and Base 2
You've been using decimal (base 10) numbers all your life, so by now they are second nature to you. You probably know that there are other ways to represent numbers. For example, computers and other digital devices store everything using binary (base 2) numbers, that is, numbers made up of only 0's and 1's. This is because it is much easier to distinguish between binary levels (on/off) than between the ten different levels (0–9) it would take to encode decimal numbers.
So how can you represent numbers using only 0's and 1's? Well, it's the same principle as for decimal numbers. Each digit represents a place value. For decimal (base 10) numbers, the place values are increasing powers of ten, as shown in the table below.
|Decimal Representation of 3,897
|place value (words)
|exponential notation
|which is the same as
|digit indicates how many N
Quick tutorial on exponential notation (you can skip this if you know it already).Exponential notation is a compact way of expressing multiples of a number. For example, as you saw in the table:
An equivalent statement in words is: Ten to the third power equals ten times ten times ten which is also equal to one thousand.
The exponent (3, in this case), tells how many times to multiply the base (10, in this case). Any number raised to the 0th power is equal to 1. That's it!
For binary (base 2) numbers it is similar, but now there are only two digits available (0 and 1), and the place values are increasing powers of two. The next table shows the same number (3,897) in binary representation. Obviously, it takes a lot more digits than in base ten!
|Binary Representation of 3,897 is: 1111 0011 1001
|exponential notation
|digit indicates how many N
Check it out for yourself and make sure that it all adds up!
Bits and Bytes
Each binary digit is called a bit. Use the table above to see how many bits it takes to represent 3,897. Go ahead, we'll wait.
That's right, twelve bits. The right-most bit (the "one" bit) is the least significant bit and the left-most bit (the "two-thousand forty-eight" bit) is the most significant bit. Since it is easy to lose your place when reading a long string of 0's and 1's, binary numbers are often displayed in 4-bit groups, like this: 1111 0011 1001.
Two of these 4-bit groups (eight bits altogether) make a byte, which is the basic unit for measuring the size of a digital memory or storage device. What can you store in one byte? Think about how many different numbers can be encoded with one byte. (It may help to make an analogy with decimal numbers first: how many different numbers can you encode with 2 digits? how many with 3 digits?)
A kilobyte (abbreviated kB) is not 1000 bytes, as you might think if you know your metric prefixes. Since this is the digital world, everything is in powers of 2, so a kilobyte is 1024 bytes ( = 210 bytes). Similarly, a megabyte (MB) is 1024×1024 bytes ( = 1,048,576 bytes = 220 bytes).
Hexadecimal: Base 16
Binary numbers are fine for computers, but are not particularly handy for people to use. However, when you are programming a machine that works with binary numbers, it is sometimes handy to work with numbers represented as powers of 2 instead of powers of 10. Hexadecimal notation (base 16) is often used for this reason. As you would expect, in hexadecimal there are 16 digits, and each digit represents a power of 16. We use decimal digits for 0–9, and the first six letters of the alphabet, A–F, for the hexadecimal digits corresponding to decimal numbers 10–15. The table below shows the first 16 numbers (starting with zero) in binary, hexadecimal and decimal notation.
|Binary, Hexadecimal and Decimal Numbers
Since 16 = 24, it is not surprising to see that one hexadecimal digit corresponds to 4 bits. Can you see what the hexadecimal representation for 3,897 would be?
Another interesting fact that you may have noticed is that the least significant bit of the binary representation indicates whether the number is odd or even. Error correction code algorithms for transmitting and receiving data (used in everything from NASA satellite transmissions to cell phones to CD players) often make use of this property.
An easy way to have your input elements aligned neatly is to use an HTML
 element (an example is shown below). The table has two columns. Each input is a separate row in the table. The labels are in the first column, and the input fields are in the second column. The labels are aligned at the right-hand edge of their column, and the input fields are aligned at the left-hand edge of their column. The HTML code for this sample table is also shown (beneath the table itself).
<FORM METHOD="post">

Binary/Decimal/Hexadecimal Converter Interface Example
Binary:
<INPUT NAME="bin" VALUE="0" "readonly" onChange="ConvertBin(form)" SIZE=10></INPUT>
Decimal:
<INPUT NAME="dec" VALUE="0" "readonly" onChange="ConvertDec(form)" SIZE=10></INPUT>
Hexadecimal:
<INPUT NAME="hex" VALUE="0" "readonly" onChange="ConvertHex(form)" SIZE=10></INPUT>
The first entry in the Bibliography is an excellent reference for information on writing a base conversion algorithm. Combined with the material available here, you should be able to put together a binary/decimal/hexadecimal converter.
By the way, so you can check your answers to the questions from earlier in the Introduction:
- One byte can encode 256 (28) unique values.
- The hexadecimal representation for 3,897 is "F39". Each hexadecimal digit corresponds to 4 bits of the binary representation: 1111 0011 1001.
Terms and ConceptsTo do this project, you should understand the following terms and concepts (do background research to fill in any gaps in your knowledge):
- binary (base 2),
- decimal (base 10),
- hexadecimal (base 16),
- bit, byte, kilobyte (kB), megabtye (MB),
- radix (number base).
- Basic HTML concepts:
- start tags and end tags,
- comments,
- the  section,
- the


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The disability strategic planning effort is designed to:
- continue the university's efforts to incorporate disability access into the university diversity and inclusion initiatives;
- establish shared accountability and responsibility for addressing program and physical accessibility for individuals with disabilities;
- provide educational opportunities to improve the university community's understanding of disability issues and the university's obligations in disability compliance; and
- expand the university's commitment to community relations with organizations that advocate for individuals with disabilities.
These efforts are accomplished by addressing disability access in six priority areas: physical accessibility of the campus, educational programs and services for students and employees, technology, communication, employment, and emergency preparedness and evacuation.
The disability access management strategic plan is the university's road map for disability access that will enhance the university's compliance with disability laws and regulations, and provide best practice recommendations for creating a climate that embraces individuals with disabilities.
Disability Strategic Access Plan FY 2020 – 2022 (pdf)

subset: commoncrawl


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|International orders may be delayed up to 15 days or more due to carrier labor challenges.
I was happy when I came upon your web site, and happier when I found the pushers needed for my set at a good price. The customer service representative was very courteous, the item was packaged securely for non-breakage!
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Please click on the specifications tab (above) for more information about these mahjong pushers, or click on the photo to zoom in.
|Mah Jong Pushers:
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Workday, the cloud-based human resources software company, just reported its quarterly earnings for the first time since its Oct. 12 IPO. The results are pretty good.
Sales at $72.6 million grew 99 percent year on year, and while the net loss grew to $41.3 million versus $19.7 million a year ago, it was, at 39 cents per share, a lot better than the 67 cent loss that analysts had expected.
The company said that, during the quarter, it signed deals with chemical giant DuPont as well as industrial technology concern Johnson Controls.
Looking ahead, CEO Aneel Bhusri said in a statement that Workday expects sales in the current quarter to come in between $75 million and $79 million, amounting to growth of between 74 percent and 83 percent.
Workday shares finished the regular trading session up $1.34, or more than 2 percent, to close at $53.19. Once the results were reported, they rose again after hours by another 2 percent, to $54.40.


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OKLAHOMA CITY (AP) Russell Westbrook scored 27 points, Kevin Durant added 26 and the Oklahoma City Thunder bounced back from a rare home loss to beat the Philadelphia 76ers 109-85 on Friday night.
Oklahoma City made eight of its first 10 3-point attempts in the second half and never trailed after scoring the final five points before halftime.
Serge Ibaka chipped in 15 points and 10 rebounds and Kevin Martin had 16 points off the bench for the Thunder, who haven't lost consecutive home games since dropping two of the first three to start the 2010-11 season.
Nick Young led Philadelphia with 21 points, and Jrue Holiday had 15 points and nine assists. The Sixers fell to 2-5 on their eight-game road trip, which concludes Saturday night at San Antonio.


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Home > Fitness & Health > Health Library > Bonding With Your Newborn
You naturally develop an emotional bond with your baby simply by spending time together, being physically close, and responding to his or her cues. Although the bond does not require special planning, keep the following in mind:
When your baby develops a strong emotional attachment to you, he or she builds a foundation for establishing positive relationships throughout life.
Current as of: August 22, 2019
Author: Healthwise StaffMedical Review: Susan C. Kim, MD - PediatricsKathleen Romito, MD - Family MedicineJohn Pope, MD, MPH - Pediatrics
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Sports Briefs: Tahoe Legends run this Saturday
Track for Community and Kids is holding the Tahoe Legends 5 and 10 kilometer race that snakes through the rolling hills, forest, meadows and finishes on the track at the South Tahoe Community Youth Sports Complex.
Money raised for the event will benefit the track and field at the sports complex, which is located next to the middle school.
The event will be held Saturday, June 16, starting at Lake Tahoe Community College.
Registration opens at 7:15 a.m., with an 8 a.m. race start. It's $30 to enter and $20 for those younger than 17. The registration fee includes race entry, T-shirt and raffle entry.
The team race is a 5K for a five-person co-ed team consisting of at least two female runners.
Team members run the course individually, then all five members will run an additional lap around the track to finish together for their official team time.
Final lap may include a fitness course, obstacles, and/or fitness stations.
For more information, call Brett Long at 530-541-0255.
Longest Day of Golf June 20
The South Lake Tahoe Moose Lodge No. 1632, with Sierra-at-Tahoe, Harrah's and Harveys Casino and Resorts are sponsoring the 7th Annual Longest Day of Golf on June 20. Tahoe Paradise Golf Course has donated their course for the entire day, in which golfers will start at sunup and play as many holes as possible before sundown. Last year, golfers played 125 holes and raised more than $12,000 for the South Lake Tahoe Cancer League.
Golfers will take pledges on a per-hole basis or a flat dollar amount. Every dollar pledged goes to providing financial assistance to cancer patients in South Lake Tahoe and free transportation to cancer therapy centers in Carson City and Reno.
For more information or to make a pledge, call Rus at the Moose Lodge at 530-541-1632.
Alumni football game slated for August
Players interested in participating for South Tahoe High School in an upcoming alumni football game between Douglas High School and South Tahoe must attend a mandatory meeting Wednesday, June 13.
The meeting will be held at 7:30 p.m. at Steamers in South Lake Tahoe.
The game is being put on by California based Gridiron Alumni, and will be a full-contact football game. If you have any questions or want to register for the game, please go to http://www.gridironalumni.com or call Chris Hall at 530-410-6396.
All-Comers meets starting
The Lake Tahoe Track Club is holding All-Comers meets again on Thursday evenings. The weekly track meets will begin at 5:45 p.m. and go until it is too dark to compete. All ages are welcome.
The cost is $5 to enter and compete, and is free for kids under 9 years old. The meet will be held at South Tahoe Community Youth Sports Complex, and will feature five field events and 17 track events. For more information, visit http://www.adsportstahoe.com.
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When Alex falls for the charming new boy at school, Cole -- a handsome, funny, sports star who adores her -- she can't believe she's finally found her soul mate . . . someone who truly loves and understands her.
At first, Alex is blissfully happy. Sure, Cole seems a little jealous of her relationship with her close friend Zack, but what guy would want his girlfriend spending all her time with another boy? As the months pass, though, Alex can no longer ignore Cole's small put-downs, pinches, or increasingly violent threats.
As Alex struggles to come to terms with the sweet boyfriend she fell in love with and the boyfriend whose "love" she no longer recognizes, she is forced to choose -- between her "true love" and herself. (From Goodreads)
Best Bits: Once again Jennifer Brown has written a gut-wrenching story about teens. I'd say that it's pretty accurate in terms of what an abusive relationship can be like. It certainly wasn't easy to read. It's not easy to see a character going through an abusive relationship when all you want to do is point out everything that the abuser is doing to hurt them. I don't think that this topic is often talked about with teens (or even in adults). Education about the cycle of violence is extremely important. I don't want to seem preachy here, but consider the fact that one in four women in the United States will experience domestic violence at some point in her life. That's not an acceptable statistic to me. The more education about the problem, the more work we can do to end it.
Nit Picks: I don't really have any for this one. I was so involved in the story that I honestly didn't notice any major flaws. I know that some people have mentioned that the plot is a bit predictable. I can see where they're coming from, you do know what's going to happen to Alex from the start. I don't think that detracts from the story, however. It just filled me with an impending sense of dread. I know that a couple other reviews mentioned that they were unhappy about Alex's friends. Again, I understand what they meant...but Cole was trying to isolate her. As a teen you're not really well-equipped to handle something like your best friend being abused. I'm not sure that all teens would know what to do in that situation. So, I thought that reactions of Bethany and Zack to Cole were well-written.
Bitter End
By Jennifer Brown
Published by Little, Brown
359 Pages
Rating: A
Friday, July 27, 2012
Review: Bitter End by Jennifer Brown
Posted by Lizzy at 4:35 PM
Labels: A Rating, Jennifer Brown, Review
2 comments:
- Kapri (Book Fanatics) said...
I really want to read this one. I really liked Jennifer Brown's debut, Hate List. I love how real and truthful her stories and novels are.
- July 27, 2012 at 9:07 PM
- Zemira said...
Great review!
I'm planing to read this books very soon. Everyone says Jennifer's novels are wonderful.
- November 11, 2012 at 3:45 PM
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News : November 2013
PBA Tour on ESPN Returns with Landmark PBA Cheetah Championship Dec. 1
Blue oil, woman finalist Clara Guerrero, PBA League Challenge and two PBA Hall of Famers highlight first telecast from PBA World Series of Bowling V Read on >
PBA charitable activites help worthy causes across America
Over the course of the past 12 months, in addition to ongoing activities over the years, Professional Bowlers Associations tournaments under PBA Tour, PBA50 Tour and PBA Regional banners have contributed significantly to charitable causes across America. Read on >
The too-close-to-call chase for 2012-13 PBA Player of the Year honors resumes in Japan Nov. 28-30 when 30 PBA players compete in the 27th Round1 Japan Cup at Minami Suna Round1 Bowling Center in Tokyo. Read on >
Four-time USBC Open Championships titlists John Gaines earns Hall of Fame
Congratulations to John Gaines on being elected into the USBC Hall of Fame. Read on >
PBA to Introduce Dyed Oil for ESPN's World Series of Bowling Telecasts
PBA to Introduce Dyed Oil for ESPN's World Series of Bowling Telecasts Colorful additive to lane conditioning oil will illustrate bowling lane surface for the first time. Read on >
PBA League Draft Finalizes Rosters for Start of 2014 Season in Detroit
From team chemistry to versatility to experience, eight team leaders of the Professional Bowlers Association League program rounded out their rosters for 2014 Sunday night at South Point Bowling Center, adding the fifth member of their teams in a PBA League draft to close the PBA World Series of Bowling V. Read on >


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Welcome to Catholic Schoolhouse
Looking for Catholic memory work? Look no further! Catholic Schoolhouse publishes a three-year cycle of memory work for your family. Catholic Schoolhouse goes beyond memory work–it is a comprehensive scope and sequence; a foundation to build a true one-room schoolhouse for your family. But we are so much more than our books…we are a family! Joining or forming a Catholic Schoolhouse chapter brings you right into the middle of a loving, prayerful community of families, both locally and nationwide.
Our art program is a first of its kind–wholly Catholic with projects meant to be enjoyed together by the entire family–all while staying in sync with the timeline.
Our hands-on science book makes your prep a piece of cake with activities that coordinate with the memory work.
The History Cards (timeline) make you an expert because we have done the research for you and found you a historic art picture to go with each event creating cross-curricular learning.
The CD brings learning alive and makes your job easier! We didn't cut any corners. Everything that is in the Tour Guide (memory work) is on the CD, plus a bonus introduction for the featured saint, artist, and musician (which, by the way, also are integrated with the timeline) A variety of singers and styles will keep the ho-hums away! We are so excited we would like to share a sample with you. Click play below to listen to our Council of Hippo history song–with all 46 Catholic books of the Old Testament!
Catholic Schoolhouse is designed to help homeschool families enrich their educational experience through a flexible approach to learning inspired by classical elements. Family unity continues to be our goal as we roll out our upper-level program, giving for our dialectic and rhetoric students an enriching experience at chapter while their younger siblings are leaning the memory work.
Catholic Schoolhouse Communities
In a Catholic Schoolhouse chapter the memory work is presented in a structured environment. Children study the same topics in the grammar program, delving deeper into the material as they grow older. The whole family has a place at Catholic Schoolhouse. Yes, we have programs for middle and high school students!
Dialectic and rhetoric stage students have opportunities for discussion, logic development, and speaking while staying focused on the fine arts and historical time periods of the tour guide to facilitate family cohesiveness.
Catholic Schoolhouse is more than a day out of the house; it can help bring structure and cohesiveness to your entire homeschool experience and will bless your family.
Watch on our YouTube Channel: CSH-TV What is Catholic Schoolhouse?
Click here for more information about our chapters or for information about starting your own.
"[The Catholic school's] task is fundamentally a synthesis of culture and Catholic faith, and a synthesis of faith and life: the first is reached by integrating all the different aspects of human knowledge through the subjects taught, in the light of the Gospel; the second is the growth of the virtues characteristic of the Christian."
Vatican II, Declaration on Christian Education, 37
Domestic Catholic Schoolhouse
Looking for a program to use at home to unify your family? Look no further.
Bring unity to your homeschool by creating a Domestic Catholic Schoolhouse! Catholic Schoolhouse materials are now available for all, whether part of a chapter or to use with just your family at home! To support you we have also made the chapter art and science books available to you.
Using Catholic Schoolhouse as a comprehensive scope and sequence you can build a program of study for your family. Everyone studies the same topics, just at different levels.
Don't take our word for it–check out our testimonials. Yes, they are from real people, we're a Catholic program—honesty first!
Bring unity to your homeschool by creating a Domestic Catholic Schoolhouse! To support you we have made the chapter art and science books available to you, as well as other resources as we are able.
Wondering what a day with Catholic Schoolhouse can look like? Please read our article, Now What Should I Do?
Catholic Schoolhouse is flexible . . . classical . . . accessible . . .you can do it!
Directors: Click Here to go to the Director's Site for resources, forums and more.


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By Tessa Raebeck
If no one had rescued Ollie from the cardboard box advertising "free puppies" he and his siblings were sharing at a yard sale in South Carolina, he would have been thrown into a river and drowned.
Instead, thanks to a network of volunteers dedicated to saving dogs from abuse, neglect and euthanasia, on New Year's Day 2011, Ollie came to Sag Harbor and met Caroline Whelan.
Ollie, a "fourth-generation mutt," according to Ms. Whelan, was brought up north and given a second chance by the Save A Dog A Day organization, a non-profit group based in East Hampton that rescues and finds new homes for dogs in danger of euthanasia.
"He just has the biggest heart and we've bonded since that first day," Ms. Whelan said Tuesday, adding, "I think that's one of the special things about rescue dogs; they have this knowing that they escaped something that could have been really ugly and scary, so he always seems so appreciative of the little things."
Started by Colleen Fennell, a retired employee of the East Hampton School District, Save A Dog A Day has grown from a 2004 pipe dream to a national organization with 50 volunteers that rescues over 500 dogs annually—passing their goal of saving at least a dog a day.
The organization is hosting a fundraiser Sunday, July 20, at 230 Elm in Southampton. A two-hour open bar cocktail party will be followed by a comedy show with Carmen Lynch and Andy Pitz, who both performed on the Late Show with David Letterman.
During a visit to Puerto Rico, Ms. Fennell fell in love with the stray dogs there and realized she wanted—and needed—to do something to unite destitute animals across the United States with permanent homes. According to Ms. Fennell, over four million healthy animals are killed each year in the United States.
"She just wanted to do something, so she started the organization," said Liz Miller of Springs, who has volunteered at Ms. Fennell's side since the beginning, when she was only 15.
They connected with friends down south, establishing a secondary base in Fayetteville, North Carolina, "'cause there are so many kill shelters down there," Ms. Miller said.
Lethal injection is the most humane method by which dogs are killed, but in many shelters in the United States—and the South, in particular—dogs are gassed or administered a heart stick, a practice that injects a burning, acid-like substance through the chests of conscious dogs that is not only illegal, but also an extremely painful way to die.
"Part of our challenge," Ms. Fennell writes on the organization's website, saveadogaday.net, "is to eradicate these cruel practices, while still maintaining a working relationship with these shelters."
After a dog is recognized, a volunteer "pulls" it from the shelter. Puppies are quarantined, usually in a vet's office, for two weeks to ensure they're healthy. During that period, the dog is advertised via the website, email blasts and Facebook for potential foster and adoptive parents.
"The kill shelters are really bad for a billion reasons," said Ms. Miller, "but another reason a lot of the rescues need fostering time is because they need to be re-acclimated to what it's like to be in a normal environment. In kill shelters, 24/7 the dogs are stressed out. They feel the hate coming from the humans; there's no affection, there's no love there…It's like death row for dogs."
Once the dogs are cleared, the Pilots N Paws rescue service, "really great people who volunteer," according to Ms. Miller, transports them on small planes.
Save A Dog A Day's volunteers in the south bring the rescued dogs to the pilots, who fly them to small airports up north, usually in Wainscott, Brookhaven, Farmingdale or Connecticut. Once the dogs arrive, they are picked up and brought to foster parents.
"Fosters are the most crucial part," said Ms. Miller. "The more fosters we have, the more dogs we can pull out."
If the dogs aren't flown by plane, an email chain gets sent out that says when a transport needs to happen. People sign up for two- to four-hour increments, driving the dog a portion of the way and handing them over to the next driver at a highway rest stop.
"It's like a domino and they'll just keep switching the dogs from car to car until they get to their destination," Ms. Miller said. "There are a lot of good people who do that."
After the dogs are distributed to their foster parents, Save A Dog A Day keeps advertising until they are adopted into a forever home. When an adoptive parent comes forward, a home visit is done to ensure it's a safe and fitting environment for the dog's needs and personality.
No one at Save A Dog A Day accepts a salary, and much of the non-profit's funding comes from the pockets of Ms. Fennell and her volunteer network.
"The reason we do fundraisers is to pay for the vetting," Ms. Miller said of the July 20 event. "We pay for a little transportation, but a lot the pilots donate. Most of the money Colleen [Fennell] pays out of her pocket."
In addition to the regular shots and quarantine period, some expenses are unforeseen.
"A lot of times with a lot of dogs they have health issues because they've been kept in such horrible conditions," Ms. Miller said.
A Rottweiler mix had a limp at the kill shelter. Once he was pulled out, they realized the limp was due to three bullets lodged in his hind leg, which cost the non-profit an unexpected $3,000 to remove.
Although a lot of sad stories come out of Save A Dog A Day's daily work, the plight of the dogs often brings out the compassion in people.
Ms. Whelan picked out Ollie, fresh off a plane from South Carolina, with the intention of fostering him for two weeks. Three and a half years later, he's her best friend.
"Ollie's been with me through good times, bad times, break-ups, and he is that one constant in my life that I really cherish," Ms. Whelan said.
If you're interested in fostering or adopting a pet, please email Liz Miller at firstname.lastname@example.com. To purchase tickets to Sunday's fundraiser, click here. For more information on Save A Dog A Day, visit saveadogaday.net.


text:
The first of the 1.85MW turbines will be deployed at EDF's Hereford wind project in the Texas Panhandle.
EDF recently executed a membership interest purchase agreement, under which the company has acquired the first 200MW phase of the Hereford project from Lincoln Renewable Energy, as well as an option agreement for a total of up to 500MW.
Vestas also announced the signing of a 750MW purchase agreement and an 80MW order with EDF on Friday. Developers are looking to start projects before the end of the year in order to make the most of the soon-to-expire production tax credit.


text:
I have noticed a slightly disturbing trend in Windows (and Windows Phone) apps, and that is "big brand" apps being released as a website wrapped in an app. I am going to refer to three specific examples I stumbled upon recently, but please note these apps are not the only ones with this issue.
Let's take a look at United Airlines app to start with. Here's the app's opening screen:
Even at the first glance you can tell this is the website being rendered inside the app. I don't have a problem with HTML inside apps, but just throwing the website as is into the app makes for terrible user experience especially on touch. For example, you can see that the links are so dense that they will make it hard to tap:
Even some other "pages" in the "app" where the density is not so high, the layout does not feel native at all:
Finally, compare the screenshots above to the United Airlines website:
So yes, the Windows Store team can claim we have a genuine and official app for United Airlines, but as a user I'd much rather just go to the website than use the app.
It gets worse in the evite app, whose main screen is shown below:
When I tapped the header image in the app, I was brought to the details page. So far, so good. The touch targets are big enough, the layout does not look like a website but it is because evite's website is designed that way.
However, the issue arises when I tap something in the details page, it launched the evite website! That is terrible, because the app itself is the website, so why should it throw me out of the app and open the website?
For comparison, here's the evite website:
Finally, the Orbitz app, where you will see a link to their mobile apps!
See the Orbitz website below, which looks exactly like the app:
Starting from scratch as a distant third in the mobile ecosystem wars, Microsoft is in a bad situation when it comes to breaking the Catch-22 of users not buying Windows devices because of lack of apps and developers not building apps for Windows because of low volume of Windows devices sold. I have seen other desperate attempts by Microsoft, like encouraging student developers to submit apps without much regard to quality of the apps. We have also seen Microsoft getting caught submitting web wrappers in their own name, for popular products and services like Southwest Airlines. This could very well be another such attempt to get big brands in the Windows and Windows Phone Stores, but I am unclear how it benefits the end users. The fact that several such apps have been released recently points to some level of green lighting by Microsoft, even if they are not the ones making it.
The least Microsoft can do now, is to make sure the layouts are modified to make them touch-friendly. Don't get me wrong though, there are a lot of good, big brand apps coming to both Windows and Windows Phone lately, and I am really happy about that as a user in that ecosystem. Also, increasingly the apps are being released as "Universal" where you buy/download on Windows and it becomes enabled on other Windows/Windows Phone devices (and vice versa). This trend is also great news for the ecosystem.
Do you agree that these apps are close to "junk"? Are you ok seeing such "apps"? Let me know in the comments!


text:
Neil I. Segil
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text:
|View Poll Results: Shin Sekai Yori - Total Series Rating
|Perfect 10
|9 out of 10 : Excellent
|8 out of 10 : Very Good
|7 out of 10 : Good
|6 out of 10 : Average
|5 out of 10 : Below Average
|4 out of 10 : Poor
|3 out of 10 : Bad
|2 out of 10 : Very Bad
|1 out of 10 : Painful
|Voters: 54. You may not vote on this poll
|Thread Tools
|2013-03-29, 03:47
|Link #1
♪~ Daydreaming ~♪
Graphic Designer
Join Date: Dec 2005
Location: Italy
Shin Sekai Yori - Overall Series Impressions & Total Series Rating
This thread is to be used for discussing the entire episodes of Shin Sekai Yori ... your thoughts about the show, overall impressions, expectations and hopes about Blu-Ray/DVD-exclusive footage etc.
A few subjects you might want to ramble on about:
And so on.
The poll represents your total series rating. In other words, how you would rate all the episodes combined (1-10)? If you'd rather rate the whole series by technical/artistic merits, you can do so. An example:
Animation Quality: 1-10
Voice Actors: 1-10
Script: 1-10
Soundtrack: 1-10
Editing: 1-10
Enjoyment: 1-10
Emotional Involvement: 1-10
Average = Total Series Rating
Or a combination of the two. Or your general gut feeling.
Feel free to discuss and more importantly, have fun
|2013-03-29, 04:15
|Link #2
Animation Quality: 7/10
Funny, when the series started 10-11 months ago, everyone was like screaming on how bad the anime was. Well, compared the animation today.. it's quite, retro.. maybe. But I'll give it a 7 though, animation is simply for the eyes...
Voice Actors: 7/10
Voicing... let's see. Nothing special. The dubbing is good.. no delays that were quite obvious. I think the seiyuus really did well..
Script: 5/10
I never read the light novel so my rating will be based on the series only.. wait.. never mind... Anyway.... the writer for the anime tried everything to fused explanations into 25 episodes ( right?). They did explained evrything except one thing... The death of Mamoru and Maria.. period..
Soundtrack: 7/10
Well, I give credit for the first ED song, Wareta Ringo. One of the best song that season. I'll give a 10/10 for that song only... very moving... What made me disappointed was the Maria ED song... don't ask me why... it's so out of place... I mean it director!
Editing: 7/10
I can't really decided... they gave too much attention on the Maria x Saki shipping so that made me want to give 5/10 but for the "Shun farewell" was wonderfully executed I give 7/10 ... well, that's all.. oh the ending... yeah.. thanks for a happy ending..
Enjoyment: 7/10
Oh, yeah.. the SSY crazed... I really enjoyed it... we got dark episodes, confusing ones, irritating ones, sad ones ( Shun...) and horrifying ones in the later episodes... I did enjoyed it,though, I did a lot of jumping.. hehehe
Emotional Involvement: 7/10
*sorry for shipping
I was deeply moved of the Shun x Saki interactions.. gave me tears actually... other than that. we got rage and hate for Yakomaru and how stupid humans are as a whole... really moving..
Overall Rating: 7/10 > Good
Worth to be told....
|2013-03-29, 21:19
|Link #3
Senior Member
Join Date: Mar 2008
Maybe I'll write something more elaborated later, but I think I can sum up this series as something that started out with some incredibly interesting ideas and a fascinating world, but then wasted it all over a dull story that didn't use the potential of the established setting at all. The fact the execution of said story was mediocre at best (the series had some glaring pacing issues) made things even worse.
In the end I would say the series is still worth watching, but just because interesting anime shows are pretty rare these days. It's such a shame the series turned out to be just a shadow of what it could have been.
About the animation: It was generally pretty lacking. The series did feature some really good animators, but their appearance on episodes was sporadic. So even though the series featured some really good-looking episodes, many more looked really low budget.
About the soundtrack: Again, I thought it was pretty lacking. The series has a really good main theme no doubt, but the rest of the track selection is mostly generic stuff that detracts from the show instead of enhancing it.
|2013-03-30, 04:13
|Link #4
Criminal Unrequitor
Graphic Designer
Join Date: Jul 2010
I've been dabbling over this the past week. I acknowledge SSY's weakness but seriously, the pluses outweigh the minuses so much that I'd give this series a full 10 even with its faults. The fact is I actually bothered rewatching the entire damn thing to understand everything that I've seen til the last episode (notwithstanding the fact that I rewatched the last episode 5 times).
Rather than pointing out what's good and what's bad about this series, I think I'm just gonna write a letter of appreciation. To the creators, the staff, the spectacular and creative animators (who I know will probably never read this), thank you. It's been a long while since a series managed to boggle my mind (and in depths not many have even reached) the way Shin Sekai Yori did and thank you for A-1 Pictures and whoever the hell is involved with this for letting my mind be boggled. Thank you for adapting this series that I probably would never had accessed had it not been adapted. This is a series clearly made with intent and passion and I totally love it for it. If this series ever becomes available in my country (through TV channels or through DVDs/Merchandise), I will watch/buy it in a heartbeat. That's how much I love this series.
It's been a long while since an anime was able to crack my personal Top 10 anime of all time.
10/10 (Perfect in my eyes)
Last edited by ahelo; 2013-04-01 at 22:34.
|2013-03-30, 22:59
|Link #5
Hiding Under Your Bed
Join Date: May 2008
I had issues with a good chunk of the last arc, mainly in how Saki spent entirely too long in the damsel in distress role, especially after how she had been portrayed as a character through the first 2/3 of the season, but it all worked out, so despite that, I am going to go ahead and give it a 10.
Great story + great aesthetics + great characters (well, minus Momowhatshisface, but on the plus side, he was never pushed forward as more than just background noise, so one could largely ignore him) + great sound. Really, just a fantastic anime.
There are stories that could be told, I'm sure, through OVAs, like what occurred between the time skip to adulthood that made Saki and Satoru stop being friends? Or what gruesome fate awaited Maria and Momoru? Make those OVAs!
But, overall, I was very pleasantly surprised at how the time skips didn't make me go "omg, they're skipping too much" or "but what happened to blahblahblah".
I usually hate time skips.
Easily the best show of the year so far, and will be one of the rare shows I fully intend to buy on Blu-Ray when it is hopefully released for western consumption.
|2013-04-01, 17:10
|Link #6
Senior Member
Join Date: Dec 2004
lol, so silent here... I didn't know there would be an "overall impressions" thread, otherwise I probably wouldn't have written my impressions in the thread for episode 25.
Anyway, this is one of those anime that I find pointless to judge based on stuff like "animation" or "music" because all aspects together form the whole, and the "whole" was awesome. Did the show have flaws? Sure, a number of them, and there was one that I found rather grating. But as ahelo said above, the positives simply outweigh the negatives, and in the end, I'm just happy and thankful that this show was made, and that I had a chance to watch it. As I said in the episode thread:
|2013-04-02, 20:41
|Link #7
Hiding Under Your Bed
Join Date: May 2008
|2013-04-03, 03:58
|Link #8
Senior Member
Join Date: Jun 2007
Location: 28° 37', North ; 77° 13', East
Age: 30
WOW... its been a long time since I've watched anything like this. what. a. show. I somehow saw this show like Haibane Renmei, and I put it right up there (or even higher) with it. My biggest regret is that it wasn't 36 episodes (or even 52) because it was such a mature, complex, fantastical, and horrifying world. Having said that, it wasn't perfect (though they pretty much hit all the nails), if anything because there was so much more to be seen in the universe, and of course i wanted to see some more saki x satoru (its been a long time since ive said anything like this). Still most of the plot lines are tied up beautifully. In any case ( and I really mean it when I say this), this show reminded me of why I still watch and love anime.
|2013-04-07, 13:41
|Link #9
Join Date: Sep 2012
I could quibble about the minor flaws but it was still one of the best shows I've ever seen.
For reference the only TV series that I've given tens to are:
Kino no Tabi
Haibane Renmei
Azumanga Daioh
|2013-05-19, 04:52
|Link #10
Franco's Phalanx is next!
Join Date: Apr 2012
Location: Little England, Europe and Asia
I finished the final arc half an hour ago and I really would like to give it a 10, but despite loving the finale (despite being too preachy), this adaption had a lot of problems (the art was mediocre, the animation very inconsistent, cutting down character development to the bare essentials, pacing and storytelling awkward at best)... nevertheless, having such a strong source material helped a lot, and is still one of the best anime that can be broadcasted on TV, yet if one can read the book, it is far better. Actually, having read the book was also the biggest obstacle, if I hadn't, I guess that I would have liked the anime a lot more. Should the rest of the author's books get animated though, I hope the producers will choose better staff or a different medium altogether... an indie movie by Tsukamoto Shin'ya and his usual collaborators would be ideal
|2013-06-28, 18:26
|Link #11
Sekiroad-Idols Sing Twice
Despite the high bar to entry and the characters not standing out as much as the rest of the show, Shin Sekai Yori still turned out to be very good. More thoughts below...
Spoiler for Length:
|2013-09-28, 06:17
|Link #12
Senior Member
Join Date: Dec 2008
Excellent serie. The flaws are few (mainly animations/graphics being quite poor from ep 5 to ep 12) and superficial, the qualities are numerous and strong.
As someone who's always about details, consistency and realism, I tend to be nearly always irritated, even when I like a serie, by things being convenients, or complexity being ignored, or hard choices being bypassed or the like. Toward the Terra or Darker than Black for example, had a very similar societal setup (superpowered humans vs normal humans) but didn't live up to the complexity, reality and ethical difficulties of such a situation.
Well, THIS serie actually DID manage to get it right. Nobody is the good or the bad guys, everyone do things from logical and understandable (even if gruesome, repulsive or whatever) reasons which come from real problems and not just the author's own all-resolving preferences.
I was riveted by the depth of the serie, how everything was carefully analyzed and explained, how everything had a reason for existing, etc.
Lack of manicheism (I could never really take the side of anyone against anyone else, as I can understand and relate with every single point of view in the show - don't really see how people could ever see Squealer as a villain, even before the trial), realism before convenience (finally the heroes is not some dumb "I'll react stupidly with a knee-jerk reaction that will throw all logic to the wind but somehow ends up being the thing that will magically makes everything better" guy) and exploration in-depth of what could happen with a simple but world-changing premise, made this serie one of the most intelligent, deep and interesting of these few years.
Great, great show.
|2014-01-07, 20:47
|Link #13
Join Date: Jan 2006
This series was one of two anime chosen for Random Curiosity's anime of the year & also won best Sci Fi and Saki won best character, in a pretty amazing run.
I still find it difficult to attach a number to this series. It went a completely different direction than I had hoped (more focus on emotional manipulation/suspense/thriller aspects in the second half than interesting sci fi elements IMO), but I did enjoy it more than most other anime this year.
|2014-02-04, 18:27
|Link #15
a random Indonesian otaku
Join Date: Dec 2009
Location: Xanadu
Age: 28
Animation Quality: 10
I like beautiful scenery in anime... and some imaginary visual
I think Shinsekai Yori got it all... pretty animation
Voice Actors: 10
it's weird but I think every seiyuus are okay... except one
yes... it's Squealer!!! His voice is awesome...
I believe he could be "gollum" from Lord of The Rings
I want to hear him say "My Precious" though
Script: 12/10
what else you got here... Science fiction mixed with traditional japanese setting with some futuristic technologies... and ah! Psychokinetic power
You could split SSY into 3 seasons based on the time skip...
anyway, I think this is the first time I love how the anime pictured the relationship between the characters... He did it in the most messed up way ever!
Satoru --> Shun <-- Saki <-- Maria <-- Mamoru
Thanks god... in the end, my favorite pairing is the one who win
I almost though that Saki would be all alone in the end... but the ending is cheerful enough to complete this anime
Soundtrack: 10
I think I want "Call Home" soundtrack for my alarm..
and the 2nd ending is beautiful... thanks Kana-chan for singing it
Enjoyment: 10
Honestly, this anime is starting to show some possibility to go bad from the beginning
The summer camp revealed that there are so many secrets in the world...
then Shun's Karma Demon arc... after that Maria-Mamoru runaway arc... and finally Queerats revolution arc
everything is so enjoyable... and I enjoy the timeskip as well.. it's like the anime managed to explain so many mysteries in just 25 episodes
even at the last episode, the last mystery about queerats' origin got explained (well, I understand why they put it at the end... because if Saki knew from beginning, she won't be able to kill anything)
Emotional Involvement: 10
too bad they didn't show any intercourse between Saki and Satoru though
well... I mean... they're the normal couple here... at least show some kissing
I have explained enough about how this anime involved watchers' emotion with those blood splatters, pretty animation, destruction of the village, weird mutants, and Saki's tears
final score : 10/10
even though it's little late, thanks for my friends who keep pushing me to watch this anime
Last edited by ~Yami~; 2014-04-01 at 23:31. Reason: stupid writing
|2014-02-06, 04:59
|Link #16
Join Date: Jun 2007
Location: Idaho
Age: 28
Since this is a hot topic right now, I want to take the time to give a more in-depth idea of my opinions and observations for Shin Sekai Yori.
Shin Sekai Yori is one of those ideas that starts out very promising. You have your indoctrinated society seemingly alone in the world coming to realize all of the lies they were raised on. What we're given is something really compelling and interesting, this idea that their society will destroy them for realizing the truth. Instead their fear of this governs them whenever it's convenient and causes turmoil. The first time around it makes sense, but then it's recycled to force an off-screen plot point later on.
What made Shin Sekai Yori interesting for me when it all started off was that idea that they were realizing the truth about their society and themselves. The psychology, and the tricks used to keep their people indoctrinated. The writer(s) created this implication that they were in a dystopia-like world and that these characters had awakened to this reality. Then this setup is discarded in favor of something different.
Spoiler for A very, very lengthy look at the major plot points of Shin Sekai Yori:
For all of my criticism, Shin Sekai Yori did do a lot of things right. Part of the quality of an anime is in its presentation, and SSY did this well. I can drone on about the numerous holes and failings in the written material, but an anime is the sum of its parts. It's still a great show to watch.
While I do think that Saki is a very flat character in development terms, I do like that she was at least flat in a way that made her accepting of the needs of this society. The fact that she was willing to acknowledge for any period of time that there was a greater good that meant the loss of human life places her high above many characters. If her character had served a greater purpose than the almighty plot, she would have been fantastic! It didn't happen though.
Squealer, too, is a very plot-device-esque character who does most of his work off screen. In the early stages of his character there was a lot of promise with him becoming more and more non-verbally skeptical of the humans, followed by him clearly manipulating them. After those initial periods, though, his character becomes an off-screen device to provide a face to the queerat rebellion, which is doomed to fail even if it succeeds.
In the end, the only people in Shin Sekai Yori who are right are the people who are running the human civilization. This makes it all the more annoying when Saki flipflops against them at the end, despite nearly being killed by the things they fought to prevent from happening. The one concession I give is that they could have been nicer to the queerats, and that is the only concession I can give.
As far as the musical and artistic presentation goes, there was a lot of great stuff here. Some really nice establishing shots are used as well as artistic ones. The background music does a decent job of setting the scenes as well. The animation isn't perfect, but it's at the level where you would expect it to be at.
The one thing that really held SSY back in my eyes is the writing. No matter how I look at it, the writing ended up contradicting its own setup in the end, and that's a pretty glaring issue. It seemed to me that the events presented in SSY made a great case for their society to stay its course for the most part, but the ending declared otherwise.
Overall, I think it's a great show. It wasn't perfect though. On a scale, for MAL purposes, I gave it an 8/10.
|2014-03-24, 21:37
|Link #17
Join Date: Mar 2014
Liked this one, gave it an 8/10 because it dared to do so much, haven't read the original source material, a novel, but the anime shared the same issues as the manga that i read afterwards... which wasn't completed, not sure if it has been yet.
SSY is perhaps biting off more than it can chew, as it trying to setup a story that really needs at least twice as many episodes to do right, not sure how the novel handled it, but I think it'd be better off trying to focus the storyline more, as covering a larger lifespan of the main character from child to chief woman of the tribe... yes, tribe, as this seemed to be all they were in this story, though with their abilties, it would seem they should be much more. They were their own worst enemy it seemed and they lived in fear of their own inability to control the power of their genetically enhanced mind... not brain, which is merely mechanical, and perhaps here is where the story has a problem. Mixing of the races isn't the real issue, but mixing of the minds, Harry Potter had a similar problem. The students had, to varying extents, greater genetically given abilities but the question remained the same as always, what are you going to do with this ability, this power? Left or right road... the 'dark side' or the 'light side' of creation? HP and SSY share the same deficit of greater self-conscious awareness. Their special abilities were just inherited genetically it seemed and not earned through independent means of 'soul development'. So what is left is essentially a battle of the 'machines', complex but vulnerable from within, against simple but numerous and willing to sacrifice everything just to win the chance to be top dog or king of the hill, as long as that lasts.
IMO, a species with these abilities wouldn't need to even deal with the 'lower lifeforms'... thus the need in the story to make them weaker, from within and without as it seemed they had a fear of the past, its knowledge and any technology that would make them completely independent from the other lifeforms... unless they had a desire to control them like sheep, to use the biblical analogy... and sheep are grown for their masters use to point it bluntly. Thus the story is 'setup' from the start in placing this need and inability to deal with the power of their own minds... thus again the need for self-conscious awareness, which is the control that allows one to choose which path to take, negative or positive, as well as deal with the issues of self-control. It sort of reminds me a little of a plot point in The Time Traveler's Wife, when they are trying to a child, but it keeps disappearing (time traveling) in the womb, thus not surviving until birth. This presupposes a lack of consciousness, and returns us to the question of Mind, are we just our brains within our bodies or are we our minds... and exist before the birth and after the death of the physical body?
This entire story rests upon this inability and the group's unwillingess among its leadership to come to terms with its past, and thereby, its present and future. Their fear of their own minds and what it did in the past, its technology, and quest for domination over others, which is suspected that they developed in their genetic labs.... isn't that the way it goes? Haven't seen this in quite a while, just wanted to bring up this point of self-conscious awareness, as it is always the crux of the problem in these stories... the Holy Grail.... Dark Night of the Soul, etc. The authors are touching upon subjects they don't know well enough it seems, and biting off more than they can chew to use an old expression, they should have limited the story more or expanded it, perhaps they did in the novel, but it doesn't show at all in the anime by the end... but it's still better than most stuff out there, and I'm not only referring to anime... a good story is a good story, the format doesn't matter. It's just that when you first encounter the setup, you are hoping for more... up to the end i was hoping ... I think the library robot in the woods/forest should have been explored more.... questions aren't asked, and if they are, their minds are 'cleaned'... so the leadership of the tribe is the problem... and this is a common plot device, such as we see in The Hunger Games... a story that anime has told a number of times, but the elders are represented in the author of the story, so it's as if we are witnessing a confession... an inability to gasp the unknown nature of self... the very essence of who and what one is... the meaning of life... so the writer has the tribe and the lesser tribes of intelligent life around it repeat this cycle over and over it seems by the end... Purgatory this is called... the same pattern only in a different uniform and after enough time has passed so that the people have forgotten the lesson... and it all begins again.
THat's the impression I got by the end... without the awareness of things, nothing will change, the thoughts will be the same, just in different forms.
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Budget Rent A Car Exmouth
Transport and Hire Exmouth, Exmouth, Western Australia
Budget Rent A Car offers a huge range of meticulously maintained and serviced vehicles, including a range of 'smoke free' cars, four wheel drives's, minibuses, trucks and commercial vehicles. Their fleet is constantly updated so you can always be sure you are travelling in the latest model, top quality vehicles.
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Budget has locations throughout Western Australia which provides a unique one way rental system for their customers and allows you to pick up a vehicle in one location and drop it off at another, ensuring maximum flexibility and convenience to suit your travelling needs.
Budget provides all of this and more at remarkably competitive prices.
So whether you want a small, economy sized car for city driving, a comfortable sedan for discovering the joys of Western Australia's pristine coast or a four wheel drive for exploring the rugged outback, Budget has the right vehicle at the right price for you.
Let Budget put you in the drivers seat to see the wonders of Western Australia.
AccreditationAustralian Tourism Accreditation
Rates quoted exclude taxes and goods and services tax (GST). Rate is dependent on length of rental.


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Find out more about the Rules on grooves which were updated in 2010.
All you need to know about submitting a new piece of golf equipment for a formal evaluation against the Rules of Golf.
Learn about the workings of the Equipment Standards department, and the policies that drive it's actions.


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UBIT Draws Attention of Congress and IRS
House lawmakers have begun a series of hearings on an array of nonprofit tax issues, as Congress contemplates tax reform efforts that may unfold after the election cycle. In a hearing on July 25, the IRS, several Ways & Means Committee members, and a nonprofit scholar concluded that the current rules for reporting unrelated business income tax (UBIT) are confusing, and may lead to under-payment of taxes on income. While no specific reform proposals were outlined by the committee members, orchestra and museum sales of merchandise were both mentioned as questionable areas of activity by one witness, a nonprofit scholar from the University of Illinois, who recommended taxing all nonprofit commercial activity, whether or not it is related to the charitable purpose of the organization. Background and resources regarding the current UBIT rules are available on the IRS web site.


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Scratch paper
Posted by Brian from Shawnee on March 21, 2006
In Reply to: Scratch paper posted by Smokey Stover on March 21, 2006
: : : origin behind scratch paper
: : I don't know who coined the phrase "scratch paper", but possibly you want to know why it's called that. Some form of "cratch" or "scratch marks "has long been used for hand-writing. The word "scratch" has also been used slangily for casually putting words on paper that one doesn't necessarily intend to preserve, "jotting" notes, scratching out one's thoughts in a casual manner. So the appropriate paper for that is paper you don't intend to use for anything else, such as paper of poor quality, or paper that has become smudged or dog-eared or partially used before. Scratch pads are sometimes sold for the purpose of those who like to do their scratching on small and handy pieces of paper. Nowadays surplus copies of material emanating from copy machines are useful as scratch paper. SS
: "The word "cratch" is not some bizarre adjective applied to bad hand-writing, just a typo for "scratch." .SS.
This naturally leads to the age-old question: Which came first, the chicken or the scratch? Back in the day, meaning the mid-1960's and probably much earlier, there were some public school teachers who seemed fond of criticizing some students' handwriting as "chicken scratch", meaning the work looked less like handwriting than random scratches made by a chicken. I wonder if the term "scratch paper" was coined by those teachers.
- Scratch paper R. Berg 22/March/06
- Scratch paper R. Berg 22/March/06


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There needs to be a consensus among health officials about how much added sugar consumers should ingest per day, say several nutrition experts who want Canadian guidelines to be more in line with those of The World Health Organization.
The dietary guidelines on which Health Canada bases its Food Guide suggest a max imum sugar intake of 25 per cent of daily calories, but the World Health Organization, in a controversial report, says intake should be less than 10 per cent.
Some dietitians believe that gap is confusing for consumers.
The average Canadian eats 23 teaspoons of added sugar per day, according to the Health Canada report Nutrient Intakes from Food.
And they're getting most of it from packaged food and beverages.
That means the average person is eating an extra 375 empty calories a day, says Rebecca Harper, a dietitian with Harper Nutrition and Lifestyle Consulting. And the numbers go up for teens, who consume 34 teaspoons of added sugar a day on average, according to Harper.
While most people know sugary snacks like doughnuts or chocolate are high in sugar, many don't realize that most types of canned soups, yogurt, sauces like teriyaki or BBQ and other prepared foods are loaded with sugar.
Yet the federal government does not limit the amount of sugar companies are allowed to add to their products.
"Health Canada does not have and is not planning regulations to control the amount of sugar that can be added to foods," says David Thomas, a spokesman for Health Canada.
While some health experts are concerned about a lack of regulation — citing studies that link sugar consumption with chronic health problems like diabetes and cardiovascular disease — they are at odds with scientists working for the sugar industry who claim there's not enough proof that sugar causes health problems.
So dietitians say it's up to the consumer to cut back on sugar by purchasing fewer packaged items, particularly some types of cereals — like granola, which can be deceptively high in sugar — jars of pasta sauce and other prepared sauces and dressings.
Harper says people who want to lose weight should cut sugar intake to six teaspoons a day, adding a good place to start is by cutting out many of the products with added sugar.
But for those of us who think a BlackBerry is something other than fresh fruit, taking the time to make homemade granola or spaghetti sauce from scratch can seem unrealistic.
For on-the-go types, Maria Thomas, dietitian and nutrition expert on the television program Village on a Diet, suggests minimizing packaged sugar intake by purchasing packaged food as close to the source as possible and adding fruit. She suggests adding fresh fruit like berries or dried fruit like raisins, figs or apricots to plain yogurt or plain oatmeal to sweeten the taste.
Packaged kids' meals, cereals and flavoured cans of tuna are other examples of foods surprisingly high in sugar.
Sweetened cereal like Froot Loops or Cocoa Pebbles often contain up to to three teaspoons of added sugar per serving. A study in New England last December found that kids who eat low-sugar cereals like Cheerios and add fruit eat half as much refined sugar at breakfast as kids who eat the sugary brands.
"I like to count out sugar packs in front of people because it makes it very visual," says Thomas. "You say to someone 22 grams of sugar — well what does that mean? But when you actually show them in packet form it hits home — because not many people would add four or five packets of sugar to their coffee."
For example, Thomas says, there are 28 packets of sugar in a bag of sweetened dried cranberries, while just one mini can of Spicy Thai Chili tuna contains two packets. For a box of granola, she counted out 71 packets.
The Canada-US Dietary Reference Intakes — a system of nutrition recommendations from the Institute of Medicine on which Health Canada bases its Food Guide — suggest 48 grams, or 12 teaspoons, of added sugar a day for a 2,200-calorie diet and a maximum of 25 per cent of total calories from added sugar.
However, 25 per cent of a 2,200-calorie diet is 550 calories. That works out to more than 34 teaspoons of sugar at 16 calories each, meaning the dietary intakes allow up to a maximum of 137 grams of added sugars per day — or the equivalent of five small bags of Cadbury's mini eggs.
"That's just way too much," says Cara Rosenbloom, a registered dietitian who has written health articles for The Heart and Stroke Foundation.
Health Canada notes that 137 grams of added sugar a day is not a recommended intake. The DRI does not set recommended daily allowances for things like sugar or trans fats because the body doesn't need them, but rather makes suggestions on upper limits.
Rosenbloom says the DRI does not set a recommended intake, because if it did people would strive to get that amount in their diet.
"Imagine someone ate only four to five teaspoons of added sugars each day — if the DRI said to have 12 teaspoons, they'd increase their sugar intake. That makes no sense," says Rosenbloom.
Other health professionals agree the amount is too high and want to see that figure dropped significantly, especially given that the World Health Organization recommended in a 2003 report that people consume less than 10 per cent of calories from added sugars.
In the report, WHO officials said foods high in saturated fats, sugars and salt — along with tobacco use — are the leading causes of a global surge in chronic diseases and that reducing those foods must be a priority for countries.
"In my mind [25 per cent] is ridiculous," says Sarah Carten, community nutritionist for Vancouver Coastal Health.
"I think we already know that kids are getting 25 per cent of their calories from foods that are more sugar, fat and salt than they are nutrient-based. So that could mean a chocolate-coated granola bar, a doughnut, Nutella. I would go with the World Health Organization and say no more than 10 per cent."
While consuming less sugar may seem simple enough, it's actually harder than many think, and that 25-per-cent maximum is easy to breech given the amount of sugar in prepared food.
Consider one meal and a snack containing mostly packaged foods and the sugar mounts up quickly — even with items that have healthy sounding names.
Say for lunch you have a foot-long sweet onion chicken teriyaki sandwich from Subway's healthy menu, which according to The Vancouver Sun's FATABASE contains 34 grams of sugar. Then, wash it down with a Vitamin Water (33 grams of sugar). For an afternoon snack, add a single serving size of Yoplait's 99-per-cent fat free yogurt in "lemon burst" (31 grams of sugar) and a Quaker Oatmeal To Go bar (19 grams of sugar.)
Add it all up, and you've consumed 117 grams of sugar — or 29 teaspoons — not only before the day is done, but before you've factored in breakfast or supper.
Thomas would like to see government and industry play a stronger role in cutting back the amount of sugar in packaged food.
"There's no limit on the amount of sugar a company can add to a product and still potentially call it beneficial to health — for example if it has high fibre," she says.
"Am I saying sugar causes disease? No, but there is enough research to say there is an association so I think it would be great to see something happen to encourage industry to start to pay more attention to sugar in food. Unfortunately, we're really not seeing a big reduction in the amount of sugar added to food."
The Canadian Sugar Institute, a non-profit organization funded by the sugar industry to provide nutrition information to dietitians and other health professionals, says there is a lack of scientific evidence linking added sugars to an increased risk of health problems in the general population, including obesity.
Tristin Brisbois, manager of nutrition and scientific affairs at the institute, said the reason the dietary intakes suggest a limit of 12 teaspoons per 2,200-calorie diet is based on the notion that diets higher in added sugars are lower in micronutrients. Yet Brisbois also argues that literature supporting this association has been questioned.
When asked if she thought the suggested upper limit should be lower than 10 per cent as the World Health Organization recommends, she indicated it was an arbitrary number with which many health professionals disagree.
"I just don't know what they are basing that on. I just don't see the evidence."
She says sugar has an important role to play in improving the appeal of many nutritious foods like bran muffins, tart fruits such as rhubarb, and ready-to-eat hot cereals.
It enhances the pleasure of eating of eating and drinking, she says. Sugar is also important in the fermentation process and without it we wouldn't have some of the luxuries we can't imagine life without, like wine, beer and bread.


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Reclyn Sandy, February 13th , 2019.
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COMMENTARY: Tagliabue showed Goodell how it's done
"Round up the usual suspects."
Funny how that line near the end of "Casablanca" provides a fitting epitaph for Bountygate, too. Like Capt. Renault in the film classic, former NFL Commissioner Paul Tagliabue was presented with a crime and empowered as both judge and jury. He considered the evidence, weighed the injury to the parties involved, then concluded -- conveniently -- that no further action was required. Justice had already been served.
Tagliabue's reasoning was torturous, but the result was fair. He decided the two Saints players who took part in cash-for-hits program run by former defensive coordinator Gregg Williams from 2009-2011, and a third who assisted in trying to cover it up, had suffered enough, commuting the suspensions to time served and erased their fines. And he cleared Scott Fujita, who'd maintained his innocence all along.
Just as important, Tagliabue affirmed current Commissioner Roger Goodell's findings of fact in the case, even if he didn't agree with the ham-handed way the punishments were doled out. Tagliabue knew his successor didn't need any more challenges to his reputation or authority at the moment, not with back-to-back tragedies casting a shadow over the league's last two weekends and concussion-related lawsuits piling up outside the door to his office. Most important, Tagliabue knew the people at the top of the Saints organization who were responsible for the bounty scheme -- general manager Mickey Loomis, coach Sean Peyton, Williams and several others; in this case, "the usual suspects" -- were already serving time, banished from the league for varying lengths of time and slapped with heavy fines.
Goodell isn't completely in the clear, either. Linebacker Jonathan Vilma, whom Goodell hit the hardest, said Tuesday he would press ahead his defamation lawsuit against the commissioner, which only seems fair. I wrote back in May that Goodell "better have the goods," and that "somewhere in the 50,000 pages of documents related to the Saints bounty program better be some compelling evidence that it was much more organized and way more vicious than anything the NFL had ever seen. Otherwise, the punishment he's doled out already has exceeded the crime."
What Williams did wasn't all that different from what coaches have been doing since football was invented. He just kept better records, bragged about it too often and loudly, and despite repeated warnings, his bosses in the locker room and the front office didn't see fit to shut it down. About the fourth or fifth time Williams handed out cash for big hits, or launched into one of his "kill the head" pep talks, it was only natural to assume that was the company policy. That the players "just sat and nodded at Williams instead of calling a crisis intervention hotline," as one writer put it, "was not grounds to take away their livelihood for long periods of time."
Tagliabue agreed. But with Goodell facing an increasingly rebellious players' union in just the second year of a 10-year collective bargaining agreement, his predecessor saw no reason to limit the commissioner's discretionary powers.
"To be clear: this case should not be considered a precedent for whether similar behavior in the future merits player suspensions or fines," his ruling said.
Tagliabue also concurred that the Saints organization deserved to be punished severely, and had been. Not just for allowing Williams to rant on and run and his little "performance" pool unchecked for several seasons, but for trying to impede the league's investigation at every turn along the way. Unlike his players, Williams' bosses quit fighting and fessed up. Bet they wish now, like the players, they had a union, too.
The surprise here isn't Tagliabue's decision. It was clear months ago, despite selective excerpts from the league's voluminous files, that Goodell didn't have the goods to take the unilateral actions he did. And that was only reinforced by the sham of an appeals process that wound its way back to his desk. The real surprise, ultimately, is that Tagliabue got to decide the case at all.
Goodell agreed to an appeal of the appeal with considerable reluctance, likely thinking that if anyone would understand his rationale, it would the guy who once sat in the same seat. The union initially opposed Tagliabue's selection for that very reason, fearing he was too invested in the league's business to be a fair arbiter. Turns out they both got it wrong.
Jim Litke is a national sports columnist for The Associated Press. Write to him at jlitke(at)ap.org and follow him at Twitter.com/JimLitke.


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Basic Homemade Sweet and Sour Mix
From the kitchen of http://www.deepsouthdish.com
3 cups of 2:1 simple syrup
2 cups freshly squeezed lemon juice (about 12)
2 cups freshly squeezed lime juice
Prepare a batch of 2:1 simple syrup, using 3 cups. Cool completely.
Add the juices, stir to combine and refrigerate. Can also make with only lemon. Very adaptable - adjust the citrus mixture for desired tartness; adjust the simple syrup for desired sweetness.


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Have you selected the appropriate base unit for your application? Depending on the requirement, various expansion modules can be docked onto the base unit of PNOZmulti 2: For exampleI/O modules, motion monitoring modules and link modules. Large plant and machinery can be implemented by using link modules to connect decentralised modules PDP67. The motion monitoring modules ensure safe monitoring of your drives. You can now easily adapt the system to your application.
You can easily assemble the hardware configuration in the PNOZmulti Configurator. The software tool supports you with positioning the modules. The expansion modules are connected to the left or right of the base unit, depending on type.
Expansion modules for the configurable control systems PNOZmulti 2
Control systems – Flexibly expandable
Have you selected the appropriate base unit for your application? Depending on the requirement, various expansion modules can be docked onto the base unit of PNOZmulti 2: For exampleI/O modules, motion monitoring modules and link modules. Large plant and machinery can be implemented by using link modules to connect decentralised modules PDP67. The motion monitoring modules ensure safe monitoring of your drives. You can now easily adapt the system to your application.
Monitor analogue input signals safely with PNOZmulti 2!
The product range of configurable safe small control systems PNOZmulti 2 has been expanded by the safe analogue input module PNOZ m EF 4AI (up to PL e, SIL CL 3). It provides four independent safe analogue current inputs. These inputs are suitable for connecting transducers or encoders with standardised current signals. Any measured variables such as pressure, temperature, fill level, distance etc. can be safely recorded.
In the software tool PNOZmulti Configurator user-friendly elements for setting the parameters are available for you: Limit value and range monitoring can be configured individually with just a few clicks of the mouse. In addition, the analogue measurement values in numerical quantities can already be scaled with any unit during the configuration. Arithmetic functions such as averaging or difference calculation facilitate the use for special applications.
As a user you can also profit from fast commissioning, low wiring effort and user-friendly diagnostics. In combination with the visualisation software PASvisu, analogue values can be displayed and evaluated.
With its analogue input module, the PNOZmulti 2 is, in addition to its many different uses, particularly suitable for the process engineering sector. You can use the analogue input module from the software version 10.8 of PNOZmulti Configurator.
Your operating advantages:
- Fast, simple project planning: Software blocks for input, plausibility, scaling and arithmetic functions
- 4 independent, safe analogue current inputs, each input can be configured separately
- Current area: 4-20 mA, measuring range: 0-25 mA, resolution: 15 bit + sign bit
- Flexible to use: Limit values can be freely set
- Fast reaction times: Module program technology mIQ with decentralised processing in the module
- User-friendly diagnostics: Up to 6 analogue values can be transferred to the fieldbus for each module
- Base units: 12 expansion modules can be connected to PNOZ m B1, 6 expansion modules can be connected to PNOZ m B0
Benefits to you
- Short time to market because inputs and outputs are freely configurable with the software tool PNOZmulti Configurator
- Easy and economical expansion – with the appropriate modules
- Large applications possible thanks to linked base units
- Decentralised expansion in the field with safe sensor technology
The right solution for every application
- PNOZ m EF 16 DI: Safe input module with 16 safe inputs
- PNOZ m EF 8DI4DO: Safe input module/semiconductor output module with 8 safe inputs and 4 safe semiconductor outputs, depending on application up to PL e and SIL CL 3
- PNOZ m EF 4DI4DOR: Safe input module/relay output module with 4 safe inputs and 4 relay outputs/safety outputs, depending on application up to PL e and SIL CL 3
- PNOZ m EF 1MM: For safe monitoring of one axis
- PNOZ m EF 2MM: For safe monitoring of two axes
- PNOZ m EF 8DI2DOT: Dual-pole semiconductor output module serves the actuation of press safety valves or other actuators that require dual-pole switching
- PNOZ m EF 4AI: Safe analogue input module with four safe analogue current inputs for safe and exact monitoring of process values up to PL e / SIL CL 3
- PNOZ m ES 14DO: Only at the base unit PNOZ m B1, output module for non-safety-related standard applications
- PNOZ m EF PDP Link: Safe link module for connection of the decentralised modules PDP 67
- PNOZ m EF Multi Link: Safe link module for linking of several PNOZmulti base units
Expansion modules – For particular requirements
Dual-pole switching – for safe press applications
Monitoring mechanical presses safely! You can rely on the dual-pole semiconductor output module PNOZ m EF 8DI2DOT for applications up to PL e / SIL CL 3.
Two safety outputs serve the actuation of press safety valves or other actuators that require dual-pole switching. The eight inputs can be configured with an individual filter time to enable fault-free operation with a variety of input signals. The two test pulse outputs are used for the detection of shorts across contacts.
Certified press blocks in the software tool PNOZmulti Configurator render the use of PNOZ m EF 8DI2DOT easy and economical. If you choose between press blocks for operating modes, rotary cam arrangement, light curtain or pulse detection. One particular advantage is the option for configuring a separate module program (mIQ). This then run locally on the module with very short cycle times of approx. 3 ms. As the output actuation is very fast, you profit from a very short reaction time with <8 ms. Also, the semiconductor output module PNOZ m EF 8DI2DOT is especially suitable for retrofit with its slimline design of 22.5 mm.
Safe monitoring of drives
The safe motion monitoring modules for the configurable small control systems PNOZmulti 2 ensure that your drives are safely monitored. That makes your plant and machinery even more productive! The following functions are available:
- Safety functions in accordance with EN 61800-5-2 (adjustable speed electrical power drive systems)
- Safe stop 1: SS1
- Safe stop 2: SS2
- Safe speed range: SSR
- Safe speed monitor: SSM
- Safe direction: SDI
- Safe operating stop: SOS
PNOZmulti 2 can be connected to all common incremental encoders via an industrial interface MINI-IO – by means of drive-specific connection cables.
The safe motion monitoring modules are easily parametrised using the software tool PNOZmulti Configurator with certified software blocks. An independent module program (mIQ) is created for this and is executed on the module. This brings considerable benefits for you, the user: For example, fine-grained configuring of several zones for monitoring – such as speed or rotational speed – is possible. These are then run locally on the expansion module. This reduces the load on the base unit.
PNOZmulti 2 – with decentralised expansion
The control systems PNOZmulti 2 can be expanded using link modules for decentralisation and for safe communication between multiple base units. You can now easily implement safety functions on more complex plant and machinery!
- Decentrally in the field: The PDP link module PNOZ m EF PDP Link serves as the interface for the decentralised modules PDP67 (to protection type IP67) to the base unit. The signals from the connected sensors are directly forwarded to the base unit from the field for further processing. With up to 16 PDP67 modules on one base unit the number of sensors that can be connected increases by 64. This is what an economical solution looks like!
- Complex tasks – a team effort: The multi-link module PNOZ m EF Multi Link enables the straightforward, safe data exchange between several base units. Thanks to the modular design of PNOZmulti 2, you can achieve various topologies on one base unit with up to four link modules. As a result, you can connect several PNOZmulti units to implement safety functions for complex plant and machinery.
Our product range: PNOZmulti 2 expansion modules
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