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Carvin BX250 Micro Bass
Carvin's BX250 Micro Bass is a tad larger in this group, but delivers a strong feature set. The front panel is decked out with two rows of controls—seven knobs and two switches on the top row, and four knobs and two switches in the second row.
Carvin came up with something a bit different on the front end. Usually, the first knob on a bass amp is the gain, which tweaks how hot the signal gets when pushed into the rest of the preamp. Turning fully down provides zero gain on most amps, but Carvin's Drive control can be turned all the way down to achieve a more natural tone or turned up to create a more aggressive sound—with an additional level gain. Likewise, the variable Contour control can go from a flat EQ to one that's quite scooped. A nice feature of the EQ section are two bands of semi-parametric midrange that allow you to adjust the center points from 50 Hz to 500 Hz and 200 Hz to 2000 Hz.
The front panel of the BX250 also includes an input pad for active basses, a Mute switch, and an adjustable Compressor knob. I found the Compressor control could get my tone squishy quite easily—a little went a long way. Though it's a little unusual to find all the DI controls on an amp's front panel, the BX250 includes all three key adjustments there with ground lift, pre/post select, and level. This makes for a clean rear panel with just a DI XLR jack, phones/tuner jack, and two 1/4" speaker outs. The front panel has a handy pair of metal U-handles for easy carrying that have plenty of space for two or three fingers.
It took me a little while to understand the contribution of the Drive control to the sound of the BX250 Micro Bass, but once I got the hang of it, I could easily go from natural to quite aggressive and beefy with just a little tweaking of the Drive and Contour, along with some fine-tuning of the EQ. At $299 plus $19 shipping direct from Carvin, the BX250 is a little pricier than the other two micro-micros, but if the feature set has what you're after, it could turn out to be a truly handy piece of gear.
Street $299


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Online booking
The A&O hotel group expands in the most important and attractive tourist destinations. We welcome inquiries for hotel projects in Central and Southern Europe. A list of interesting locations can be found below.
As an established budget chain, we pay attention to some details of a potential property. We ask interested parties in particular to meet these requirements:
Of course, existing hotels/hostels are also welcome.
Please also look at our object requirements profile, to find out the possibilities of cooperation as partners and tenants.
A&O is specifically looking for suitable buildings at the following locations:
If you have properties that would be suitable as a hostel and you would like to cooperate with us, we are looking forward to your message: [email protected]

subset: commoncrawl


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When did Ron Paul become the GOP presidential candidate-who-must-not-be-named?
"Daily Show" host Jon Stewart asked that question on his show Monday night and in doing so he sparked a discussion among the media hordes that has produced more than a few mea culpas and could perhaps – perhaps – lead to more coverage of the libertarian Texas congressmen in the future.
In particular, Mr. Stewart took aim at the fact that Mr. Paul narrowly lost the Ames, Iowa, straw poll to Michele Bachmann yet was almost entirely left out of the journalistic political postmortem.
He ran a hilarious montage of pundits proclaiming the new top tier was Representative Bachmann of Minnesota, Texas Gov. Rick Perry (who wasn't even entered in the straw poll), and former Massachusetts Gov. Mitt Romney (who made little effort there).
Yet Paul fell only 152 votes short of winning the poll.
"How did libertarian Ron Paul become the 13th floor in a hotel?" said Stewart.
It's true that the Ames vote is hardly representative of even Iowa, much less the nation as a whole. But as Stewart added, "He's the one guy in the field, agree with him or don't agree with him, who doesn't just regurgitate talking points or change what he believes to fit the audience in front of him."
So why do the media ignore Ron Paul? And please, if you're a Paulite, please read this whole thing before you take down our e-mail with angry missives.
They ignore him because he has little chance of winning or expanding his base beyond the relatively small number of Americans who agree with him that relinking the dollar to gold would be a good thing.
Right now an average of national polls puts Paul at about 8.7 percent, notes New York Times polling expert Nate Silver in his FiveThirtyEight blog.
"Paul might be able to get upwards of 25 percent of the vote in next year's Iowa caucus, but I wonder how much upside his candidacy has beyond his very dedicated core of supporters," writes Mr. Silver.
But here's the media's little secret: viability isn't really as important a coverage criteria as reporters pretend. If it was, nobody would ever have written two sentences about the presidential stylings of Donald Trump. (Who, you may remember, dissed Ron Paul's chances earlier this year in a speech at the Conservative Political Action Conference.)
No, the media are after what is termed a "good story." And that's kind of a circular criteria, in the sense that the media rule what a good story is. Thus Jon Huntsman continues to get fairly positive coverage, despite the fact that he got 69 votes at the Iowa caucus and barely breaks 2 percent in national polls.
We'll say it here: Ron Paul deserves at least as much ink (or as many pixels) as Jon Huntsman.
This whole affair has produced at least some coverage that sounds a bit like an apology, or urges reporters to take Paul more seriously in the future.
We're also betting that it leads soon to a Ron Paul "Daily Show" appearance. By our count, he's already been on at least three times in recent years.


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Despite a weekend bailout for Spain's banking sector that was meant to reassure investors, markets continued to punish the southern eurozone.
Yields remained high on Spanish and Italian bonds as a Greek voters threatened to reject bailout conditions in the election set for Sunday, and Prime Minister Mariano Rajoy of Spain challenged central bankers in the region to buy bonds and help counter the crisis. Italy had its own problems as Germany warned Rome to stick to its austerity program.
Bloomberg reported Wednesday that the most recent Greek polls show that Syriza, the party in favor of ditching the bailout—but not the euro—gained 3.5% this week, bringing it very close in popularity to New Democracy, the leading party, which supports the bailout.
Alexis Tsipras, the head of Syriza, has called for abandonment of the austerity conditions of Greece's second bailout, although he insists he will keep the country in the euro. That could prove to be a challenge, since Germany and other more prosperous nations in the joint currency bloc have said that funds will be cut off if Greece fails to honor its agreement.
Greeks themselves fear the consequences of the election. Although, according to a Monday Reuters report, there has been talk among eurozone financial officials of instituting controls on how much money can be moved, and where to, should Greece depart the currency. Cash is already flowing out of Greek banks. Bloomberg reported Wednesday that withdrawals are on the rise.
A banker who asked not to be identified told Bloomberg that the rate of daily withdrawals is now at the upper end of a 100 million euro ($125 million) to 500 million euro range this month. Another banker said that the outflow could have exceeded 700 million euros as of Tuesday. Greeks fear that, should the country leave the currency, their savings will be slashed in value; to that end they are trying to hold on to cash in the form of euros rather than having to convert to drachmas.
The flood of money away from Greek banks "could accelerate the sequence of events leading to the emergence of a new currency," according to Thomas Costerg, an economist at Standard Chartered Bank in London who was quoted in the report. Still, he pointed out that "Greek banks can tap the abundant central bank funding, which can offset the pressure coming from deposit flight."
Reuters reported that some of the withdrawn money is being used, according to retailers, to stock up on such commodities as pasta and canned goods, as worried Greeks fear harsh conditions in the event of a euro exit. The report also quoted an unidentified pollster as saying that poll reports were exaggerated; as the election draws near, the publishing of poll reports is not allowed. The pollster, identified only as reputable, was quoted saying, "This is nonsense. Our polls show the picture has not changed much since the last polls were published. Parties may be leaking these numbers on purpose to boost their standing."
Greece, of course, is not the only country suffering because of its financial crisis. On Tuesday Moody's Investors Service cut the ratings of two banks in Cyprus, citing the increased risk of a Greek exit from the euro, and put a third Cypriot bank on review for a possible downgrade.
Bank of Cyprus (BOC), Cyprus' largest lender, saw its deposit and senior unsecured debt ratings cut by one notch to B2 from B1; its standalone credit assessment was lowered to B3 from B2. Hellenic Bank Ltd also saw its deposit ratings lowered by a notch, from Ba3 to B1, and its standalone credit assessment reduced to B2 from B1. Both were put on review for possible further downgrades.
The country's second largest lender, Cyprus Popular Bank (CPB), was put on review for downgrade without other action being taken.
The Mediterranean island has the third smallest economy in the eurozone. Much of its population is Greek Cypriot. In a statement, Moody's said, "The rated Cypriot banks maintain extensive branch operations in Greece, with exposures to Greek borrowers amounting to 42% of net loans for CPB, to 34% of gross loans for BOC, and 17% of gross loans for Hellenic. As such, their capital positions remain susceptible to the direct and indirect consequences of a Greek exit."
The agency added, "Although a Greek exit is not Moody's central scenario, the rating agency says that it considers the risk of a euro exit by Greece as substantial and recognizes that the probability of such an outcome may increase further following the Greek parliamentary elections on 17 June."
In Spain, meanwhile, Rajoy said Wednesday that he would "battle" central bankers who are refusing to buy debt from peripheral eurozone countries. In a letter to European Union leaders, he called for them to buy bonds and thus help countries struggling to right their financial woes. He told the Spanish parliament, "That is the battle we have to wage in Europe. I am waging it." Rajoy may not be battling only for Spain, but for Italy as well. According to James Nixon, chief European economist at Societe Generale in London, "The crisis will inevitably roll on to the next domino, and that's Italy." Nixon was quoted in the report saying, "The southern European economies are effectively in free-fall and market appetite for southern European debt is rapidly drying up. I can't see anything to turn that dynamic around."
Italy is struggling under tough fiscal measures instituted by Prime Minister Mario Monti, whose popularity has seen a decline since he instituted spending cuts, labor changes and higher taxes. Concern over the country's ability to stay the course, lest it follow Spain into bailout territory, led Finance Minister Wolfgang Schaeuble to say Wednesday, "If Italy continues along Monti's path there will be no risks."
Schaueble was quoted in the Italian daily newspaper La Stampa saying that Italy had made considerable progress with Monti at the helm. "This is acknowledged everywhere in Europe and by the markets," he said in the report. "I can only hope that political forces in the Italian parliament and public opinion continue to decisively back him, because the road towards a return to sustainable growth through structural reforms, improved competitiveness and a lower deficit is the right one."


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EU Censorship Plan With A Cheesy Name: The Clean IT Project
from the voluntary-until-we-make-it-compulsory dept
A couple of weeks ago, Techdirt reported on UK politicians calling for ISPs to "take down" terrorist content. Now it seems that the idea has not only spread to other European countries, but even acquired a cheesy name: "the Clean IT Project".
The internet plays a central role and is of great strategic importance for terrorists and extremist networks. These networks know that propaganda is a critical tool for generating funding, recruits and support for their cause within these communities. Historically they have used a variety of media channels, such as television, radio and publishing, in order to communicate their views. During the past decade of huge global growth of the internet, Al Qaida influenced extremists for example, have made increasing use of this medium. The internet and its fast and anonymous means can contribute to individual radicalization processes. There are concerns about the illegal use of the internet for terrorist purposes and the misuse of legal / neutral websites. The question is if we can limit the use of internet for terrorist purposes, without affecting our online freedom. Therefore this project is based on a public-private dialogue.
Those last two sentences are particularly ominous. First, because they show no awareness that any attempt to "clean" the Internet inevitably affects everyone else's online freedom. Given that there are no hard and fast rules about what is terrorism, the past teaches us that there is always collateral damage in the form of over-reaction -- not least because people understandably err on the side of caution in this area.
The other reason we ought to fear this new initiative is that it is based on getting the private sector to act as online police, using a "non-legislative" approach:
The main objective of this project is to develop a non-legislative 'framework' that consists of general principles and best practices. The general principles will be developed through a bottom up process where the private sector will be in the lead. Through a series of workshops and conferences, the private and public sector will define their problems and try to draw up principles. These principles can be used as a guideline or gentlemen's agreement, and can be adopted by many partners. They will describe responsibilities and concrete steps public and private partners can take to counter the illegal use of Internet.
This is of a piece with similar attempts to get ISPs to spy on their users, or search engines to censor their results: since everything is done through a non-legislative 'framework', there is no oversight and no formalized legal recourse. It's part of a general move to control the Internet through extra-judicial means, thus avoiding all the risks of a democratic debate or the need to produce any evidence that the measures are effective and proportionate. Significantly, it's also one of ACTA's key (bad) ideas.
Even though the project is being sold as a voluntary "gentlemen's agreement", the reality is that lurking in the background is the usual implicit threat:
The covenant, the principles and the practices should be non-legislative because they will be adopted on a voluntary basis with support from the industry. It should also be possible to implement them quickly in any European Member State, or even worldwide. Nevertheless, it is possible that one of the results will be a call for better regulation by governments.
That is, if industry doesn't adopt the principles and practices -- and implement them "quickly", too -- it will be forced to do so through legislation.
It's not even clear that "limiting terrorist use of internet" is the best way to fight terrorism. There is an argument that it would be better for as much terrorist activity as possible to take place where security agencies can keep it under close surveillance. Shutting down the more obvious sites and means of communication will simply drive terrorists deeper underground, and make it harder to monitor and thus counter them.
So once more, we have the worst of both worlds: while the rights of the general public are diminished further in the name of "combatting terrorism", the actual fight will be made more difficult.
Follow me @glynmoody on Twitter or identi.ca, and on Google+
Filed Under: censorship, clean it project, eu, isps, privacy, terrorism


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We're at Silver Lake Sand Dunes, Michigan and this is the longest jump in the offroad park's history. At 180 feet, it almost snaps this trophy truck in half.
The driver was fine, as we see in this video, though his truck was slightly worse for wear.
Kinda makes that failed Fiat's 65-foot stunt spring seem a little wimpy now, right?


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.... and I'm not allowed to read it anymore?
Tony, I cannot find where to add the Arena.
Click on ProfileClick on Modify ProfileClick on Ignore Board OptionsShould be somewhere in that area that you click on a link or unclick a setting.My control panel is new to me so I'm a little foggy here.
Group Membership
Page created in 0.573 seconds with 26 queries.


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Less than 1% of research funding awarded by public and charitable bodies to UK researchers in 2008 was awarded for research on antibiotics, according to new research published in The Lancet Infectious Diseases.
The study, which is the first detailed assessment of public and charitable funding to UK researchers focusing on bacteriology and antibiotic research, suggests that present levels of funding for antibiotic research in the UK are inadequate, and will need to be urgently increased if the growing crisis of antibiotic resistance is to be tackled effectively by UK researchers.
According to lead author Professor Laura Piddock, of the University of Birmingham, UK, "The message that antibacterial (ie, antibiotic) drug resistance has become a world health crisis has been brought to global attention by WHO, the European Union (EU), the World Economic Forum, and, most recently, the UK Chief Medical Officer. As a world leader in biomedical research, UK research has an important part to play in tackling this crisis. However, our study clearly shows that the proportion of public and charitable funding for research into new antibiotics, understanding resistance mechanisms and ways of tackling resistance are inadequate for the size of the task."
Professor Piddock and her colleague analysed funding databases for the UK's main research funding organisations, finding that of £13•8 billion total available research funding, £269 million (1•9%) was awarded to bacteriology projects, and around a third of this (£95 million or 0•7% of total funding) was awarded for research on antibiotics. Additionally, £181 million in EU funding was awarded to antibiotic research consortia including researchers based within the UK, including two EU Innovative Medicines Initiative awards, totalling £85 million.
While this article focused exclusively on research funding for antibiotics, previous studies have shown that funding for other antimicrobials (antifungals and antivirals) is similarly low as a proportion of total funding.
As well as demonstrating that the proportion of research funding given for UK antibiotic research will need to increase, the authors suggest that publically available, subject-specific, funding databases will allow investment in priority areas to be tracked in future.
"Since 2011, most new EU funding has focused on public-private partnerships with industry", adds Professor Piddock. "However, an increased understanding about antibiotic resistance is needed, not least to inform strategies to both minimise and prevent antibiotic-resistant bacteria arising when new treatments become available."
In a linked Comment, Dr Michael G Head from the Farr Institute, University College London, UK, said "The private sector needs to be more transparent about how much they invest in areas related to antibiotics (generation of new therapeutics being an obvious and particularly important area), so that their data can be similarly analysed in detail. Efforts to document the investments of other countries regarding antibiotic resistance research would be beneficial and would allow funders and policymakers to chart the optimum future direction of research money. Metrics to establish the true burden of antibiotic resistance and methods also to assess the likely effect of other types of research are needed; for example, preventive research such as vaccine development will affect future burdens of bacterial infections and resistance."
The study was funded by the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy.
The funding organisations included in the study were: Medical Research Council (MRC), Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC), Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Wellcome Trust, Technology Strategy Board (TSB), British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (BSAC), Healthcare Infection Society (HIS), The Royal Society, Action Medical Research, the European Commission FP7, and the EU IMI.


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Chivalry is written in the concept of ten principles that is based on how the ancient knights conducted their life. Zach Hunter explained that when he is discussing the word chivalry in this book, he isn't talking about how guys are supposed to treat girls. The code of chivalry is for male and female and is meant to be applied and live out where we can see a greater impact for Christ's kingdom.
The second code in the book is entitled, "I will never attack from behind". Backstabbing, gossiping, and criticizing others seems to becoming more and more acceptable in our cultures. Zach stated that in ancient times, knights would only attack someone else and fight back if they were in fact being attacked by an enemy first. He goes on to declare that we should always be loyal to our friends and never share personal secrets that people have shared to us. If someone trusts us with things that they are going through then we should be committed to being a true friend. Jesus always loved others and like him we're called to do the same. An essential lesson in this chapter was with the changing times and technology, Zach encouraged readers to have important conversations face to face. For some examples, if we are wanting to break up with someone, ask someone out on a date, or you need to converse something personal, plan a time to meet to or do it on the phone voice to voice.
One of my favorite codes was, "I will honor truth and always keep my promises". This one really stressed the significance of being honest and when we promise that we will do something then we must try our very best to follow through. Zach Hunter shared a personal story in this chapter about when his family moved from Georgia back to Colorado during the winter break in his senior year. He decided to spend the extra amount of time in introducing himself to every single classmate in all of his classes. He began to meet a girl outside of school for coffee regularly and they began to become friends. He knew that she saw her only worth and value in her appearance. Zach eventually began to fall for her and he decided to ask her to go to prom with him. She stated that she would love to go with him and he was really looking forward to the big night. A few weeks later at a concert, he received a devastating text from her that regrettably professed, "I'm so sorry, but I can't go to prom with you. I already promised someone else I would go with them a year ago plus I made other plans with friends… I'm sorry but I can't go to prom with you" (Page 96). He called her the next day and she blamed it on her friends. She stated that they all agreed to all go without dates and she had broken that friendship rule. Funny how she kept her "promise" with her friends but not with Zach and her story kept changed dramatically. He later deliberated what happened to his friend that he had grown up with and he acted like he truly cared about what Zach was going through. When prom finally arrived, Zach decided not to go to prom but made the mistake of checking Facebook and he saw that his friend went with the girl. He later found out the truth and that his friend went to school with a bouquet of flowers and got on a blended knee and asked her to prom, and shocking she agreed! Zach, I thought was very genuine and he described how he had always struggled with low self-esteem. He shared this story to explain to readers that being honest and speaking the truth in love is what God has commanded us to do. I really connected with this story because like Zach I have went through some bad dating experiences, let's just say they could be country songs. I have seen people lie and try and play with my emotions in order to feel in control. I even had one girl that I went on a date with lie about how much money she was inheriting from their grandmother death and the amount kept magically increasing each time. Honest and telling the truth is something the world is beginning to lack. Being honest is beginning to be an enormous quality that I find attractive in a woman and it's a character trait that I want to display to be the man, husband, and father he is calling me to be. Zach Hunter recently has gotten married so there is hope for me yet.
I would recommend this remarkable book on chivalry, especially to teenagers and college students because it's more geared to that age group. But many adults would still benefit from absorbing the ten codes of chivalry and applying them to their daily life. I immensely enjoyed the ten principles presented in this book on chivalry and living how Christ has called us to live. The ten codes of chivalry are not easy to live out and many times we will fail but we have to keep trying to be transformed into the image of Christ. Some of my favorite life changing codes were, "I will never abandon my quest, I will fear no evil, I will fight only for the sake of those who are unable to defend themselves, or in the dense of justice, and I will honor true and always keep my promises". I really loved the last section of the book called, "Onward Living the Code" because it contained numerous questions and a reminder of what each code of honor encompasses. The book enclosed many personal stories about Zach, a vast number of scripture verses, thoughts from a few of his friends about different chivalry core points, and countless examples from historical speakers and everyday people. The book has the powerful force to influence our generation with following the ten codes of honor and it will prominently benefit readers into living their full purpose in life.
Tyndale House Publishers/ Tyndale Momentum has provided me with a complimentary copy of this book.
If you would like to purchase a copy of Chivalry check it out on Amazon.com:
Check out the Book Trailer:
Zach Hunter discussing Chivalry:
Q & A with Zach Hunter:


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Tarot Card Meanings
Ten of Cups
Share abundantly with all the levels of people who are involved in this creative endeavor.
Nine of Cups
Page of Cups
Watch Now: Ten of Cups Video
Learn the meaning of the Ten of Cups Tarot card in under a minute!
General Meaning
The Ten of this suit traditionally signifies family and community, often showing a celebratory scene including many generations, crowned by a rainbow signifying the end of hard times.
See this vision -- love and support extending in all directions -- a huge emotional safety net for everyone.
In the Reversed Position
The Ten of Cups reversed suggests that a group's collective good will is damaged and its safety net is fraying. Personal judgments and rejection abound. Things are being said and done that will be regretted later.
Someone has to make the first move in a more positive direction, leaving judgment and criticism behind. Mediation is called for in order to re-establish some mutual trust and support. This person will provide an example for others to follow -- or the team endeavor will dissolve. The storm which precedes the rainbow is not yet over.
In the Advice Positon
With the Ten of Cups in this position, prioritize teamwork over your personal goals. Everyone needs to feel they made a contribution. The crew needs to feel they are all in this together, and everyone needs to be rewarded when the ship comes in.
It's essential to follow a teamwork approach in order to maximize the benefits for yourself. The good will that will emerge from such an approach will last long after the project is over. You will be generously rewarded later if you take a selfless approach at this time.
A powerful message is waiting for you! Get your Reconciliation Tarot Reading NOW...
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If the US wants to avoid military strikes on Iran and still wants a diplomatic settlement for the nuclear dispute with the Islamic Republic, Washington must stop talking out of both sides of its mouth.
As world powers move toward new talks with Iran, the US must abandon its delusion that the dual track approach – offering simultaneous carrots and sticks – will work with Tehran. It must instead adopt a more pragmatic approach that is sensitive to both the Iranian cultural sentiments and political realities. In particular, the US must appreciate the fact that in Iran, right or wrong, national pride is more important than national interest.
Leaders of the Islamic Republic of Iran have frequently condemned the tone of American officials as disrespectful and derogatory. They are particularly annoyed by the terms "carrot and stick" as they are applied to the "donkey" in Iran. This sense of national pride is reinforced by the Iranian Islamic culture of resistance to outside pressure.
President Obama's televised message to Iran in 2009 called for a "new beginning," and such a fresh start could break the deadlock if it were not accompanied by simultaneous accusations of "terror." Tehran viewed the message as displaying the carrot and stick policy. The Supreme Leader Khamanei immediately attacked Mr. Obama saying, "It is not understandable that Obama congratulates the Iranian new year, but, at the same time, accuses Iran of supporting terrorism and efforts to gain access to nuclear weapons." Mr. Khamanei has reminded the West, that Iran "hates threat and enticement."
Mistrust plays a powerful role in the US-Iran conflict. It is no wonder that Iranian hardliners hold that once Tehran gives in to Washington's pressures and halts its nuclear program, the US would then use issues such as human rights and terrorism to impose even more draconian sanctions. Islamic leaders' perceive that a US victory on the nuclear issue could boost US confidence and encourage it to aggressively use sanctions to bring about regime change.
Contrary to the popular perspective in the West, the Iranians will not bow to the pressure policy; it will only lead to non-communication and block the road to meaningful negotiations. Under these conditions, an accidental or intentional war becomes even more likely. As former US National Security Advisor Zbigniew Brzezinski has put it, "the more you lean towards compulsion, the more the choice becomes war if it doesn't work."
The US must adjust its policy along the following key lines. First, it should abandon the terms of carrot and stick as well as the language of threat and intimidation, replacing them with a respectful tone. Second, Washington must abandon the "all-options-are-on-the-table" mantra, replacing it with a policy of negotiations that put all parties on an equal basis.
Third, the US can build trust with Iran by supporting a nuclear-free Middle East. While critics would label such a policy stand unrealistic and such a regional agreement far-fetched, it may be in the best interests of both Israel and Iran. Indeed many obstacles stand in its way, but working out a monitored agreement where both Israel and Iran give up nuclear weapons capacity in some way would protect both countries and deescalate a standoff that boils hotter by the moment. The US supporting such a working move could bring Israel and Iran into an indirect, if not direct, overdue dialogue.
Insisting on zero-enrichment for Iran seems to have already become unrealistic. Instead, the US should now focus on preventing Iran from producing bomb-grade uranium, and to do so, the International Atomic Energy Agency must put Iran's nuclear sites under strict and intrusive monitoring.
In fact, Iran is likely to accept this condition, and it may even accept a partial suspension of uranium enrichment altogether – as long as the perceived "bullying" policy is abandoned. Agreeing to such a measure lets the Iranian regime save face (it was not forced into abandoning a nuclear program it swore to continue) and also satisfies American concerns over Iran's potential development of nuclear weapons.
Hooshang Amirahmadi is a professor and director of the Center for Middle Eastern Studies at Rutgers University. He is also president of the American Iranian Council. Shahir Shahidsaless is a political analyst and freelance journalist. He writes primarily about Iranian domestic and foreign affairs.


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LocationMoose Lake, MN
4787 Co. Rd. 10
Moose Lake, MN 55767
Used 2018 Palomino Backpack Edition SS 1251SALE PENDING!
Palomino Backpack Edition truck camper SS 1251 highlights:
- Wet Bath
- Charging Port
- Barreled Roof
- RV Queen Bed
This SS-1251 soft side Backpack Edition truck camper by Palomino is the perfect way to camp easily. This unit was designed for a 1/2 ton truck with a 6'6" bed. You will love having the RV queen bed for a good night's rest and the l-shaped dinette with a table for relaxing, playing games, and enjoying meals with your family. This unit has a wet bath and some indoor storage for your things. Come take a look at this unit today!
No matter what size truck you have, or whether you are looking for a hard side or a soft side truck camper Backpack Edition by Palomino has got you covered! The hard side truck campers are lightweight yet durable; they are entirely made of aluminum welded frame and fit multiple truck sizes. The hard sided MAX units are premium products with frameless windows, heated basements, and are fully insulated. These units are four season livable. Last but not least, the soft sided truck campers have Rieco Titan electric lifts, so you don't have to use a hand crank, you can even add an optional remote if you want for more convenience.
Like most: Melissa and I wanted to say that we enjoyed our experience and it was refreshing to work with Alan on our Chaparral.
Rick - Melissa from Mosinee, WI
Stock# 07957
Exterior Color: White, Grey
|14 ft 10 in
|Ext Width
|7 ft 2 in
|Ext Height
|6 ft
|Exterior Color
|White, Grey
|Dry Weight
|1795 lbs
|Fresh Water Capacity
|22 gals
|Black Water Capacity
|7 gals
|Available Beds
|Cooktop Burners
|Floor Length
|8 ft 6 in
|Center of Gravity Front
|37 in
|LP Tank Capacity
|Number of LP Tanks
|Body Style
|Shower Type
|Wet/Bath Shower
As demand for the Palomino grew, Mr. Landey felt it would benefit his company, Vanguard Ind., to relocate. With most manufacturers and industry suppliers located in the Elkhart, In. area the move eastward seemed logical. Vanguard Industries settled in the community of Colon in 1972. Once in Colon he began to put his plans in motion. By 1973 he had built the main production facility and within days Palomino tent trailers were rolling out the doors.
In 1976, Vanguard added its own Needle Division, in 1978 its own Metal Fabrication Plant, and has several cold storage facilities. On May 27, 1992, the primary production building and offices were destroyed by fire. By late August, 1992, the first 1993 model Palomino rolled of the line in the new 52,300 sq. ft. facility, which was built on the same site as the previous building had been.
The year 1998 continued to see expansion with the addition of a new 75,000 sq. ft. production facility, and another storage facility. In 2002 Vanguard was purchased by Forest River, Inc. This allowed for rapid growth and the introduction of two new towable lines of travel trailers and fifth wheels, Puma and Sabre by Palomino.
Oaklakerv.com is not responsible for any misprints, typos, or errors found in our website pages. Any price listed excludes sales tax, registration tags, and delivery fees. Manufacturer-provided pictures, specifications and features may be used as needed. Inventory shown may be only a partial listing of the entire inventory. Please contact us at 218-485-9900 for availability as our inventory changes rapidly. All calculated payments are an estimate only and do not constitute a commitment that financing or a specific interest rate or term is available.


text: Very helpful in helping me buy my first home, a very nervous process. Guided me through the process and made sure I didn't misstep or do anything that would hurt me during the process. Recommend her and The Neuman & Neuman team. brandoncline619 http://www.zillow.com/profile/Gregg-Neuman/Reviews/?review=2861408 October 19, 2016 brandoncline619 View this review on Zillow


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E-Commerce in Asia Pacific: Big Opportunity for a Growing Region
Tis the season for holiday shopping, and across the globe more people are turning to the Internet to make their purchases – particularly in the retail sector. E-commerce is traditionally led by travel transactions and purchases, but towards the end of the year in the U.S., retail e-commerce picks up. E-commerce can equal big bucks – take for instance the recent record the U.S. hit in holiday spending when the country experienced its first day on record of achieving more than $1 billion (USD) in e-commerce sales on a single day during Cyber Monday (November 29). This highlights the opportunity the digital channel holds for retailers.
In Asia Pacific, visitation to retail sites has achieved a much higher market penetration than travel – which tends to be the gateway and primary category in online purchasing. In most markets, more than half of Internet users frequented a retail destination in October, while in most cases less than half frequented a travel site. Looking at which markets were most retail savvy, Japan topped the list with 80 percent of its online population visiting a retail site in October, followed by Australia (76 percent) and South Korea (72 percent). Singapore achieved the highest percent penetration for travel with 52 percent reach, followed by New Zealand and Australia at 48 percent and 43 percent; these markets have retail penetration rates of 64 percent and up. It's interesting to note that just because a market exhibits high propensity for utilising retail sites, does not necessarily mean they are as willingly to frequent travel sites, with large differences in these two activities seen in several markets including Japan, South Korea, Vietnam, and Taiwan.
Local and Global Brands Attempt to Win Consumers' Loyalty and Dollars
When consumers turn to the digital channel to purchase retail goods or travel, global and local brands are often pitted against each other to fight for the attention and dollars of visitors. A look at the top destinations on a regional basis paints a mixed picture with Asian-based companies and multi-nationals finding nearly equal popularity with consumers. Alibaba.com Corporation was the clear retail leader with nearly 120 million visitors from the Asia Pacific region; its flagship taobao.com retail site accounted for 108 million visitors in the region. Alibaba.com is also ranked as the second largest global online retailer after Amazon. U.S.-based Amazon and Apple followed as number two and number three, while local players such as Rakuten.co.jp, Paipai.com, and Zol.com.cn all secured places in the top 10 listing.
In Consuming Retail Content – Females Take the Prize
In most markets across the region, women were more likely to consume content at retail sites than men, with Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore, and Japan showing strong disparity in page consumption. On the flip side, Vietnam and the Philippines showed males much more likely to consume pages of retail content than females. For brands looking to develop engaging content on their sites, understanding viewers from a demographic and behavioural standpoint is critically important.
The Future of E-Commerce: A Promising Outlook
At this point, e-commerce revenues in Asia Pacific are still not comparable to the Black Fridays and Cyber Mondays, but increasing traffic to retail sites means more shopping, which will result in more buying – online or offline. The e-commerce channel holds incredible potential for brands and retailers across the region and for some markets in particular. For brands attempting to access and capitalise on the online channel as a way to reach consumers and their wallets, it's important to remember several things when building your digital commerce strategy:
- Know your target audience and where to find them: Understanding who your key audiences are, including their demographic characteristics, what online sites and categories they visit, and what digital content they spend time consuming, will help you reach and engage your audience more effectively, especially for smaller or less-known brands.
- Create a secure environment: In many markets, consumers still face a lack of confidence in conducting secure transactions online. Developing a secure environment and providing consumers with transparency in your purchasing policies can help build trust in the channel and make the differences if a consumer buys from you or your competitor.
- Online presence can equal offline sales: It's important to remember that not all people will buy online, but many will in fact research and browse online and make the actual purchase offline. So even if you don't plan to sell your goods digitally, having a digital brand presence is increasingly important to savvy shoppers.
- The payment gateway is key: Credit cards are not "King" in many markets in Asia Pacific for e-commerce, because not everyone has one (or two). Alibaba.com has Alipay to connect to banking debit accounts and is one of the main reasons for its success. Other markets are following a similar debit rather than credit route.
E-commerce in Asia Pacific is growing as our company also highlighted in a recent press release that the U.S.-focused Cyber Monday also attracted a lot of international shoppers. Nearly 6 percent of the billion dollar hoard on that day came from people living outside of the U.S., but shopping at U.S. websites. This is a consistent 6 percent trend that also occurred last year in 2009 – but last year's 6 percent was out of $887 million whereas this year's 6 percent was out of $1.028 billion…and I, for one, did my part and bought online from U.S. retailers on Cyber Monday.


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pharyngitis bronchitis - Acute Bronchitis Treatment
Acute Bronchitis Treatment
To treat a case of
acute bronchitis
, one must take some steps in reducing the
symptoms. This is not a difficult task, especially if you are a healthy person, your only problem being bronchitis. Antibiotics are not one of the medication that work in case of bronchitis. Furthermore, if there is already a problem with your lungs, or with your heart, the
bronchitis treatment
will be a little more agressive.
Bronovil Natural Bronchitis Remedy
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Naturally relieve pain and fever
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Diagnose & Treatments 1. While bronchitis is a very common respiratory disorder, it is often misdiagnosed in the absence of proper para clinical & physical examinations. To get an accurate diagnose, laboratory analysis & pulmonary tests are a must.
About the Author:
For more resources about bronchitis or especially about chronic
please visit http://www.
4. In case the infection is caused due to virus, or other agents, antibiotics are not effective. In such periods the only treatment is to rest for long time period, use room humidifiers, and hydrate the patients' body with lot of water and juices. In case the things do not get fine with in a few days, you must consult a doctor. It might be pneumonia and/or asthma
1. This is an ongoing condition. 2. Curing this might take several months, or even years. 3. The environmental factors that lead to this ailment are exposure to fumes, smoke, dust, odors, etc.
- if you have a case of acute
, the best thing to do is avoid alcohol and caffeine; these products may case the loose of fluid in your body;
9. Smoking is anyways injurious to health but in case of the bronchial patients, it can be disastrous. So, the smokers suffering with acute
must quit the habit of smoking before the condition gets worst.
6. In
acute bronchitis
, your passage ways constrict due to infection caused by some virus or bacteria. In case the ailment is due to bacteria, the apt antibiotic regimen can do the trick to cure the ailment. It is always advised to visit the doctor to get a medical diagnosis. Remember taking any medicine with out the doctor's prescription could make the disorder rather worse.
is indeed common among the smokers.
Acute Bronchitis
1. Acute
' symptoms are quite similar to flu. 2. It lasts only for a short term.
- to fight against fever and the body aches that you might have when suffering from
acute bronchitis
, you should take aspirin or ibuprofen; however, be careful not to give aspirin to any bronchitis patient that is under twenty years old;
2. Bronchitis calls for special attention before the damage is enhanced further. When the infection is bacterial, fever is the chief indication. In around 80% cases, the treatment as accomplished in just 5-10 days with the right anti-biotics. Remember, the anti-biotic or any medication must be taken with the doctor's advise else it could be devastating.
5. Remember, in this ailment prevention is equivalent to cure so you must work on removing the triggers else, it could be dangerous for you. 6. Consulting the doctor, they would suggest you several laboratory tests like test for pulmonary function & blood gases in arteries, chest x-rays, and sputum culture. Generally thee test are also done for the patients of
acute bronchitis
When referring to the health of your respiratory system, the realities of cigarette smoking are there is in effect no part of the entire body that is safe Men who smoke tobacco products escalate their likelihood of dying from lung cancer by 22-fold and from
and emphysema by nearly 10 times. Women who smoke cigarettes escalate their risk of death from lung cancer by almost 12-fold and the risk of dying from
and emphysema by more than 10-fold.
Bronchitis needs appropriate treatment in order to be fully overcome. If you experience difficulty breathing or persistent cough, it is advised to seek medical help. Left untreated,
can aggravate and lead to serious complications.
Bronchitis is a very common respiratory disease. It can accompany flu or cold and it occurs in people of all ages. Smokers and people with weak immune system are very exposed to developing chronic
and in some cases asthmatic
. Smoking is considered to be a serious factor of risk in the development of
and it can lead to complications such as pneumonia.
vii. wheezing These symptoms can further lead to the other respiratory problems like: i. sinusitis ii. asthma iii. complicated pneumonia
8. A simple home remedy to fight back this disease is placing wet blankets & towels in varied places in the house to increase the humidity there. Room humidifiers are also a good option for such patients.
8. A healthy & active lifestyle is unbeatable at the end of the day. Practicing all preventive measures can avoid bronchitis and many other ailments for all individuals.
- because
acute bronchitis
is an infection, there is a lot of energy used by your body to fight against bronchitis; so in this period you should get a lot of rest and give your body a chance to recuperate and develop the necessary strength to fight bronchitis;
could be dangerous and it is advisable to get treated as soon as possible to avoid all complications!
Abhishek is an ex-bronchitis sufferer and he has got some great tips for
Bronchitis Treatment
! Download his FREE 100 Pages Ebook, "How To Win Your War Against Bronchitis" from his website http://www.Health-Whiz.com/797/index.htm. Only limited Free Copies available.
Bronchitis is mostly caused by viruses, in which case the illness clears on itself within days, without medical treatment. However, if the illness is caused by bacteria, medical treatment with antibiotics is required for overcoming bronchitis completely. Bronchitis can be either acute or chronic. The acute form of the illness generates intense symptoms, but if it caused by viruses, it usually clears up quickly. Acute
is very common in people of all ages and rarely requires medical treatment. Chronic
generates milder symptoms, which can aggravate in time. This form of illness is persistent and has a recidivating character.
Chronic bronchitis
needs continuous treatment until the illness is completely overcome, otherwise the symptoms will quickly reoccur. This form of
involves bacterial infection and needs specific, long-term medical treatment with antibiotics. Chronic
has a very high incidence in smokers and people with weak immune system.
generates symptoms such as cough, excess production of mucus, shortness of breath, chest pain, soreness and discomfort, wheezing, headache and fever. The presence of fever can point to bacterial infections and possible complications.
is difficult to diagnose, considering the fact that its symptoms are also common to many other respiratory conditions (asthma, sinusitis). However, careful physical examinations and laboratory analyses can reveal the presence of
in most patients.
is one of the most common respiratory illnesses among chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD). Despite its high incidence in people with respiratory conditions,
is often misdiagnosed. A clinical examination of patients with
is sometimes insufficient in revealing the actual cause of illness. Bronchitis is often misdiagnosed and confused with asthma, sinusitis or allergies.
2. The pulmonary disorders are rather common among the children. This doesn't imply that the adults are untouched with the same. As a matter of fact, living in the modern age polluted cities, amidst smokers, industries and racing cars all of us are prone to the disease.
5. When the cause of
is obstructions in your bronchial tubes owing to inflammation in your respiratory tract, tissues, organs and the mucous membranes, it causes irritation and increased secretion of the mucus. Such gathering of mucus in your bronchial tubes causes difficulty in breathing, wheezing sound and coughing.
Many women are indeed very concerned about breast cancer and counter this potential problem with annual tests, the results of which they hold on for warily. Despite this from 1960 to 1990 fatalities from lung cancer among women have grown by more than 400 per cent, surpassing mid-1980s deaths caused by breast cancer.
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What People Said About
Bronovil Bronchitis Treatment
I felt miserable so i went to doctor and he said i had a bronchitis. he gave me antibiotic but even 2 weeks later i was still coughing. i got the bronovil remedy and 3 days later my cough went away.
" Betty - California
6. Bronchodilators are the medications administered to the patients who have a difficulty in breathing. These help in re-establishing the process of respiration. These are commonly prescribed to the patients suffering with chronic
& asthma.
Bronchitis is quite a known chronic disease. Here are some interesting & basic facts about this ailment. 1. This disease was quite common even in those days yet the developments in the medicinal field have seen now seen many alternatives to treat the said condition.
Every day it appears there's a fresh examination or other new research being carried out to alert people concerning the terrible details about smoking. Each and every current item of analysis or study, there seems to be one common truth - the consequences of smoking are frightening!
Chronic bronchitis
is incurable, so the patients must consult their doctor well enough to identify the triggers. They should then remove as many triggers as possible form their environment in order to keep healthy.
3. Individuals suffering with the viral infections are often susceptible to the
acute bronchitis
. 4. This ailment is contagious & generally begins with dry cough that often happens at night. Within a few days, the cough would progress. Quite soon the person would suffer with other symptoms like fever, fatigue, and headache. Curing this cough might take many weeks or many months. This is because healing process in such cases is very slow, especially in your bronchial tubes.
- realiving the cough, which is the trade mark for bronchitis; this is done by drinking a lot of fluids, taking cough drops and staying away from any irritants that may irritate your lungs even more if you have acute
; a person can also use in cases of
bronchitis cough
suppressants; these may help you from coughing; another way to go is using expectorants in cases of bronchitis, because these make coughing much easier and also bring up the mucus that is create when having bronchitis;
These are some of the things that need to be made at home in order to heal from bronchitis. However, if your doctor considers that in your
case, there is the need for medication, these may often include the following:
Visualise a product that every year, killed slightly less than 50 per cent of everyone that lives on Rhode Island. Cigarette smoking kills off almost 500,000 men and women every year, or marginally under half of Rhode Island's populus! To investigate in more depth, that means that one fifth of all fatalities in the United States can be attributed to smoking. A cheerless reality about smoking is that it is the singular most preventable reason for early death in the United States of America.
- antibiotics are only used in cases of bronchitis where there is the risk of complications; For more resources about
or especially about chronic
please visit http://www.bronchitis-guide.com/chronic-
- beta agonists, which can dialate your airways, thus realiving the
bronchitis symptom
, coughing; but the bad thing about this
medication is that it may have some side effects, which include tremor or shaking;
3. Antibiotics have several side effects like abdominal pain, diarrhea, rashes, etc. that can't be neglected. These cause a lot of discomfort for the patient. Yet they are acceptable only if they are absolutely necessary.
There are two types of bronchitis that one can have: acute
chronic bronchitis
. The acute bronchitis case is more easy to treat. Most of all the acute
cases go away in about two to three weeks. There is no special treatment necessary in cases of
acute bronchitis
, in almost all cases of
home treatment being the only one that is needed. This home treatment against
The primer symptoms of bronchitis are: i. coughing ii. excessive mucus iii. fever iv. pain in the chest v. inflammation vi. discomfort
So, if you want to find out more about
treatment and especially about
chronic bronchitis
please follow this link. You will find one of the best bronchitis informational websites.
7. Persistent cough & wheezing also imply that you might be suffering with acute bronchitis. The constricted bronchial tubes create the wheezing sound every time we breathe. While this disorder can be cleared up in a few days, in some cases it might take several months or weeks as well. Remember in such a situation, you must take lot of rest and drink lots & lots of water or juices.
can occur in any age. 6. It is quite closely associated with the flues and colds. 7. In case the bronchitis is left uncured, it can lead to severe pneumonia.
- if you are a smoke and also suffer from
, the best thing to do is cut back on the daily number of cigarettes or even stop smoking, if possible;
5. In case you are suffering with cough for a month or more, your doctor could refer you to check with an ENT expert so as to ensure if there are some other causes of the irritation. Yet, if your bronchial tubes remain irritated, this can lead to the asthmatic conditions.
Possibly the saddest realities about smoking cigarettes are those which affect passive smokers, or those who do not smoke themselves but that are exposed to it from other people. Each year, inhaling second-hand smoke or environmental tobacco smoke, causes roughly 3,000 deaths from lung cancer amonmg adults in the United States of America.
isn't caused by bacterial infections, the aim of medical treatments is to unblock the obstructed airways of the respiratory tract. Bronchitis causes inflammation of the mucous membrane, bronchial tubes and other organs and tissues involved in the process of breathing. When these fragile respiratory organs become inflamed and irritated, they produce excess mucus, in an attempt to protect themselves from external agents (dust particles, irritants). This excess of mucus clogs the airways and obstructs the access of air to the lungs, causing difficulty breathing, wheezing and cough. Medical treatments often include inhaled medicines which help unblock the airways of the respiratory tract. Such medicines are called bronchodilators and are mostly used in chronic
and asthmatic bronchitis.
3. In case your bronchi are inflamed, there are chances for you to have bronchitis that is a known obstructive pulmonary disorder or illness. 4. Bronchitis can be divided in to the acute or short term and the chronic or long term category.
7. Just like acute
, smoking can make the situation worst for the patients of chronic
as well. So you must quit this bad habit in order to keep healthy and get rid of this ailment.
If you are somebody who smokes, it is about time you quit. Surely you can understand there is no constructive news about cigarette smoking, nothing valuable or sanitary about it. You can perhaps be familar with the problems it causes to you and people you spend time with. As soon as you get the information about smoking tobacco products correct.
A lot of additional frightening facts about cigarette smoking are that smoking triples the risk of death from heart disease affecting both men and women in middle-age. Think about that, the risk is tripled! Additionally, smoking cigarettes wrecks each part of your body, from the mouth and throat to the bones, even your blood, and your digestion.
Read these eye opening facts about smoking and how it can affect your health. Webmasters are also invited to use our quit smoking affiliate program.
Learn More about Natural Bronchitis Remedy
Bronchitis: the Respiratory Problem
Bronchitis is the medical condition of Inflammation of bronchi of lungs. Microbes or bacteria and foreign substances that entered the respiratory tract lead to the bronchi inflammation stimulating surplus mucus secretion. Thus bronchitis is also defined as a disease of acute or chronic inflammation in the mucous film of the bronchial pipes. The root cause of bronchitis may also be allergic...
Natural Bronchitis Remedies - Acute
First, The Cause: Changeable weather, catching cold, exposure, wet feet, chilling when not sufficiently clothed, insufficient ventilation in the house, especially in the bedrooms. Bronchitis would be uncommon if people ate the right food, kept their systems free from mucus and poisonous waste material, and dressed properly. Bronchitis is an infection by a virus or bacteria that affects...
Contagious Nature Of Bronchitis - How True Is It?
To know whether bronchitis is contagious or not, you need to know something about the types, causes, and symptoms of the disorder. What is Chronic Bronchitis? In chronic bronchitis, there is inflammation of the mucosal membranes of the bronchial tubes due to infection, a condition that leads to an excess in the production of mucus. This extra mucus disrupts the normal breathing processes by...
Alternative Treatment Eliminates Bronchitis (Acute)
First, The Cause: Changeable weather, catching cold, exposure, wet feet, chilling when not sufficiently clothed, insufficient ventilation in the house, especially in the bedrooms. Bronchitis would be uncommon if people ate the right food, kept their systems free from mucus and poisonous waste material, and dressed properly. Bronchitis is an infection by a virus or bacteria that affects...
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text: "Ploigos" is the official database of learning opportunities in Greece. Created by the National Resource Center for Vocational Guidance (EKEP- GREEK NRCVG), it aims to constitute an important tool for guidance counselors, students and citizens in search of reliable education information. It contains information for all available learning opportunities in Greece starting from pre-primary...more


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text:
Disaster Declaration Includes Local Area
With winter refusing to go quietly, recent storms and their effects in neighboring counties have led to federal disaster declarations being issued for several Northwest Iowa counties, including Palo Alto County. The Iowa State Executive Director of the USDA Farm Service Agency has designated 22 Iowa counties as part of a Secretarial Natural Disaster Declaration.
As a result of the federal declarations, any farm operators who have suffered major production and/or physical losses caused by the combined effects of freezing temperatures and/or continuing drought conditions may be eligible for low-interest emergency loans. The designation means that producers in the eligible counties can qualify for low-interest emergency loans since their counties have been declared a federal agricultural disaster or they are next to declared counties. Some producers qualify because of freezing temperatures experienced in April of 2012, while some qualify because of the drought conditions in 2012.
The U.S. Department of Agriculture says farmers affected by the April 2012 freezing temperatures located in Dickinson, Emmet, Howard, Osceola, and Winneshiek counties must apply for the loans by Aug. 5 of this year. Farmers in Decatur, Fremont, Page Ringgold and Taylor are eligible due to the drought and must apply by Sept. 9, 2013.
Additional counties qualifying for the drought assistance include Fremont, Harrison, Mills, Monona, Potawatamie, and Wood- bury. Deadline for application is Dec. 10, 2013.
As part of the disaster declarations, Kossuth County and contiguous counties; Palo Alto, Emmet, Humboldt, Pocahontas, Worth and Hancock Counties also are eligible to apply for assistance. The deadline for making application there is Nov. 20, 2013.
Producers with questions or needing more information should contact their local county Farm Service Agency office.
Additionally, Iowa Governor Terry Branstad issued a disaster proclamation for ten counties in northwest Iowa. The counties included in the proclamation were Clay, Dickinson, Emmet, Kossuth, Lyon, O'Brien, Osceola, Palo Alto, Plymouth and Sioux.
The proclamation stemmed from torms that played havoc in the region last week, bringing wind, rain and ice storm conditions that led to damage to both public and private property
The proclamation allows for the use of state resources to respond and offer recovery efforts from the effects of the storms, such as removal of debris and wreckage on public or private lands.
For more information on this disaster assistance, individuals should contact their local Emergency Management Office.


text:
Hi, and welcome to our latest challenge here at Southern Girls Challenge.
This fortnight we would love to see pastel tones on your projects.
The design team have come up with totally gorgeous projects to inspire and delight you.
We are really lucky to be sponsored this challenge by "ART BY MIRAN" and the card making girls have done a fantastic job showcasing some beautiful images from Art By Miran. Be sure to drop by the webstore to check out the full range.
And here are the DT Lovelies gorgeous inspiration projects.....
Using Art by Miran Fairy Freya
Using Art by Miran Fairy Freya
Using Art by Miran Fairy Freya
Using Fairy Freya
by Art by Miran
Using Fairy Freya
by Art by Miran
Using Gentle Astrid
Using Gentle Astrid
We look forward to seeing your creations
But PLEASE have a look at our rules before entering
There aren't many, but we have to discount so many entries
when the rules are not followed and we don't like having to delete
your gorgeous creations. So please, please follow our simple rules to enter
New creations only please ~ no backlinking
Please link directly to the post you're entering
Please remember ~ ONE entry only per person
Only NINE other challenges plus ours ~ TEN in total
If you are located in Australia or NZ please add your country to your link name.
No derivative artist images please, see header for details
You can make any papercraft creation you like, we love them all


text:
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John 1:1-18 and Colossians 1:15-3:17, Part 3
by Karl Kemp
1/29/2013 / Bible Studies
We continue with the second paragraph of the three paragraph footnote under Col. 1:15 in this verse-by-verse study of John 1:1-18 and Col. 1:15-3:17 here in Part 3.
The intent in Deut. 6:4 (as in Deut. 4:39, for example, "Know therefore today, and take it to your heart, that the LORD, He is God in heaven above and on the earth below; there is no other") was to claim that the God of Israel (the God of creation, the God who revealed Himself to Abraham, the God of the Holy Scriptures) is the only One who really is God (He alone is God), thereby denying polytheism. All of the peoples that ancient Israel interacted with believed in many gods. The other nations did not especially appreciate being told that Yahweh, the God of Israel, is the only real God, but it was the truth, and it was very important for Israel to cling to that truth, and for the nations to learn that truth. All too often though many Israelites joined the Gentiles in worshipping the gods of the nations, but not because they hadn't been taught and warned.
I'll quote a sentence from what J. A. Thompson says under Deut. 6:4, "The word 'one' or 'alone' implies monotheism, even if it does not state it with all the subtleties of theological formulation" ("Deuteronomy" [Inter-Varsity Press, 1974], pages 121, 122). I'll also quote what A. D. H. Mayes says to substantiate the translation "The LORD is our God, the LORD alone," "for this sense of 'echad,' cf. Isa. 51:2; Ezek. 33:24; ...Zech. 14:9; 1 Chron. 29:1" ("Deuteronomy" [Eerdmans, 1991 reprint], page 176). I'll quote a few sentences from what Earl S. Calland says here to show that this Hebrew word (echad) was sometimes used for a "oneness" that consisted of more than one part. "To the Jews v. 4 is not only an assertion of monotheism, it is also an assertion of the numerical oneness of God contradictory to the Christian view of the Trinity of the Godhead. This kind of oneness, however, runs contrary to the use of echad in the sense of a unity made up of several parts. In Exod. 25:6, 11, the fifty gold clasps are used to hold the curtains together so that the tent would be a unit (echad)..." ("Expositor's Bible Commentary," Vol. 3 [Zondervan, 1992], page 65).))
See pages 13-16 of my paper "More on the Trinity" for a fuller discussion on Deut. 6:4, which is one of the verses most often used by those who hold a oneness view of God and deny the Trinity. (That paper is available on this Christian article site in five parts.) I'll quote part of a sentence from that I said there, I believe that "the proper way to understand this verse (the way intended by the ultimate Author of the Bible) is to see that the name Yahweh refers to God the Father in Deut. 6:4, as it typically does throughout the Old Testament, not to the Trinity, even as the word 'God' typically refers to God the Father throughout the New Testament." But it is very significant that the name Yahweh is used for God the Son in the Old Testament several times, even as the word "God" is used for God the Son in the New Testament several times, which clearly demonstrates His deity. I also mentioned that God's revelation is progressive, and the Old Testament was written before God wanted to fully reveal the Person of God the Son and the Trinity.
We don't have to understand all the details to accept the biblical doctrine of the Trinity. (How could we understand all the details about God when He hasn't revealed them to us and when we are dealing with details from a dimension far above our present dimension. God isn't limited to our dimension of time, and He isn't limited to the physical dimension or our world, which He created. Time was created when our universe was created.) God the Son became a man, but He was much more that just a man; He never ceased being deity; He was the God-man; He was not spiritually dead; and He never sinned.
The Lord Jesus Christ clearly manifested (as an "image") God the Father and His nature (what He was like) through being who He was (the God-man) and through saying the things that He said and doing the things that He did.]], the firstborn of all creation [I prefer the NIV's "the firstborn over all creation."]. [[Many (including the Jehovah's Witnesses) have appealed to these words ("the firstborn of all creation") to argue that Jesus Christ is not deity, that He was only the first being to be "born" of (created by) God. ((I had a footnote: Some orthodox Christians (especially in the past) and some translations of the New Testament (including the NASB; KJV; and the NKJV) refer to God the Son as the "only begotten [Son]" in John 1:14; 3:16, 18; and 1 John 4:9 (also compare John 1:18), but (as we discussed in some detail in this paper under John 1:14) those Christians did not mean to communicate the idea that there was a time that God the Son did not exist; they believed that He eternally existed, being eternally generated by the Father. As we discussed in some detail under John 1:14, the most common view in our day (which is reflected in the NIV; NEB; RSV; the New American Bible, and the Jerusalem Bible) is that the Greek adjective translated "only begotten" should be translated "one of a kind/unique" or the equivalent.)) Orthodox Christianity has always agreed that that doctrine is heresy, a serious deviation from the balanced truth taught by the Bible. If He had been created, He would not be deity/God. There are many verses in the Bible that clearly show that God the Son is deity, an uncreated Being, who always existed with God the Father, and through whom all things were created (cf., e.g., Isa. 9:6; John 1:1-18; 20:28; Phil. 2:5-11; Col. 1:15-18; Heb. 1:2, 3; and there are many more such verses). ((I had a footnote: The deity of Christ and the distinction between Him (God the Son) and God the Father is discussed in the study of Isaiah 9:1-7 in my paper, "Verse-by-Verse Studies of Selected Eschatological Prophecies from the Book of Isaiah" (see under Isa. 9:6 and the two-page discussion located at the end of that chapter). Also see the discussion on the deity of Christ in the book of Revelation under Rev. 21:6 in my paper on Revelation chapters 20-22. Both papers are available on my internet site. The paper on Revelation chapters 20-22 is also available on this Christian article site.))
It is not difficult to interpret these words ("the firstborn [over] all creation") in a way that fits the biblical doctrine of the deity of Christ and that fits a biblical use of the word "firstborn." The word "firstborn," like many words in the Bible, is sometimes used in a figurative (non-literal) sense. Consider Ex. 4:22, for example, "Then you [Moses] shall say to Pharaoh, 'Thus says the LORD [Yahweh], Israel is My son, My firstborn.' " It is clear that the nation Israel was not born first (did not exist first) in any literal sense. What God was saying here was that He had a special relationship with Israel vis-a-vis His relationship with the other nations, very much including Pharaoh's Egypt. Israel enjoyed a privileged relationship with God, like the privileged relationship of the "firstborn" son in his family in the ancient world. God was telling Pharaoh that he had better hasten to free Israel from bondage to Egypt and let His people go - Israel was very special to Him.
There are two comparable uses of the word "firstborn" in the Old Testament, uses where there is no idea whatsoever of someone literally being born first (Psalm 89:27; Jer. 31:9). Also, there is an important and interesting figurative use of the word firstborn in Heb. 12:23. I'll quote HEBREWS 12:22-24, "But you [speaking to born-again Christians, and contrasting the glory of the new covenant with the old covenant given at Mt. Sinai] have come to Mount Zion and to the city of the living God, the heavenly Jerusalem, and to myriads of angels, (23) and to the general assembly and church of THE FIRSTBORN WHO ARE ENROLLED IN HEAVEN [my emphasis], and to God, the Judge of all, and to the spirits of the righteous made perfect [These words at the end of verse 23 are discussed on pages 166, 167 of my book, "Holiness and Victory Over Sin."], (24) and to Jesus, the mediator of a new covenant, and to the sprinkled blood, which speaks better than the blood of Abel [the blood of Abel cried for vengeance (Gen. 4:8-15); the blood of Christ brings full salvation to those who submit to the gospel in faith.]." The Greek word translated "firstborn" in Heb. 12:23 is plural, as is the participle that follows this word and is tied to this word, "who are enrolled [in heaven]." The "firstborn" ones here are new-covenant believers (Christians). They were not born first in any literal sense, but they enjoy the privileged status of being "firstborn" sons of God (through union with, and salvation in, the Lord Jesus Christ).
When the apostle Paul called Jesus Christ "the firstborn [over] all creation" here in Col. 1:15, he did not mean to communicate the idea that the Son was a created being or that there was a time when the Son of God did not exist. He was simply saying, using figurative language, that Jesus Christ has the privileged status of being the firstborn Son over all creation. As the apostle continues in verses 16, 17 (and he has already informed us that Christ "is the image of the invisible God"), he gives something of the basis for the fact that Christ can be called "the firstborn [over] all creation," including the facts that all things that have ever been created have been created by/through Him and for Him and that He is head over (has authority over) all things that have been created. Note that verse 16 starts with the word "for."]] (16) For by Him all things were created, both in the heavens and on earth, visible and invisible, whether thrones or dominions or rulers or authorities - all things have been created through Him and for Him. [[On all things being created by/through the Son of God, see under John 1:3 in this paper. Some of the thrones, dominions, rulers, and authorities, both visible and invisible, in God's universe, are evil (being headed up by Satan; compare, for example, Col. 2:15), but it is important for us to know that they were not created evil (Satan rebelled through pride and many have followed him in his rebellion against God, including a third of the angels [Rev. 12:4]), and it is important to know that all evil beings/persons (which includes that part of mankind that does not repent) will ultimately be subjugated and removed from God's kingdom through the judgment of the Lord Jesus Christ (see under Col. 1:20).]] (17) He is before all things [[In that "all things have been created through Him," it is clear that He existed BEFORE all things that were created. But Paul undoubtedly intended to say more than that here. The Greek preposition "pro" translated "before" here was sometimes used in the sense of BEFORE in status or position, which fits Christ perfectly and fits this context perfectly.]], and in Him all things hold together ["consist" KJV; NKJV]. [[All things that were created "consist" and "hold together" in an organized way in Christ - in divine order, including the laws of physics and chemistry. If not for the entrance of sin, everything would still be in divine order. After God has finished His work of saving, glorifying, and judging, His universe will be perfect (all evil will have been removed and cast into the lake of fire).]] (18) He is also head of the body, the church [In the preceding verses (verses 15-17), the apostle has shown (using different words) that Christ is the "head" over all creation (cf., e.g., Eph. 1:20-23). Here he shows that Christ is also head (head in a very special sense) over the church, the body of Christ.]; and He is the beginning [Christ is the "beginning" of the Christian church in the sense that the church (in a very special sense) has its origin in Him. As we have seen in the preceding verses, all things that exist originated in Him (cf. Rev. 3:14).], the firstborn from ["out from"] the dead [["from among the dead" NIV. As in Rev. 1:5, these words mean that Christ was the first man (though He was much more than just a man) to leave physical death behind and be born into the fullness of eternal life. We (all believers, those who have died and those still living on the earth at the time of Christ's return) will follow Him in that birth when He returns. (I had a footnote: I have discussed this glorious birth for the saints extensively in my eschatological writings. Start with Rev. 12:5 in my book, "The Mid-Week Rapture" (chapter 21).) Christ is called "the firstborn among many brethren" in Rom. 8:29. After we have been born into the fullness of eternal life, we will have "become conformed to the image [of Christ]" (Rom. 8:29). We will not, of course, become deity or be worshipped with God the Son, but we will be glorified and reign with Him forever. What a destiny! What a salvation plan!]], so that He Himself will come to have first place in everything ["so that in everything he may have the supremacy" NIV; "that in all things He may have the preeminence" NKJV]. (19) For it was the Father's good pleasure for all the fullness to dwell in Him [["in Christ." Colossians 2:9 says, "For in Him [in Christ] all the fullness of Deity dwells in bodily form." Compare John 1:16. As the apostle will discuss in some detail in Colossians chapter 2, everything that we could ever need forever has been provided through new-covenant salvation in union with Christ Jesus. We do not have to look elsewhere (for example, to angels, men, the flesh, or to religious works that have not been prescribed in the new covenant, very much including the ceremonial works of the old covenant. As a matter of fact, for us to look elsewhere is to insult God and His new-covenant plan of salvation and for us to ensure that we will not receive everything that we need (that is, if we look somewhere else than to Christ and the full salvation that has been provided in Him). Here in verse 19, however, in this context with verse 20, the emphasis is on the fact that Christ has everything He needs ((I had a footnote: For one thing, everything that the triune God has is available to Him (cf., e.g., Col. 2:9).)), being God the Son. and the God-man who has fully solved the sin, Satan, spiritual death problem in His atoning death, resurrection, and ascension, to restore peace and divine order to God's universe, including His glorifying His people and the creation itself and His judging and removing all unrepentant rebels.]], (20) and through Him [Christ] to reconcile all things to Himself [to God the Father] [[The translation "reconcile" is a common translation for the Greek verb used here, but this translation is easily misunderstood, and some have understood this verse in a heretical way. They have come up with the doctrine of the "ultimate reconciliation of all things." Those who hold that doctrine insist that eventually all people and all other fallen beings, even the devil, will be reconciled to God; they will be reconciled to God in the sense that they will repent, be saved, and have a place in His eternal kingdom. (Some don't go beyond speaking of the reconciliation of all people, and some allow for the possible loss of a small percentage of people.)
That doctrine is based on a wrong interpretation of this verse ((and they typically use a few other verses too [I had a footnote: Ephesians 1:10 is another key verse (written by the apostle Paul) that is often used in a distorted way to come up with the doctrine of the ultimate reconciliation of all beings. That verse is discussed in my verse-by-verse study of Ephesians chapter 1 that is available on this Christian article site.])) that contradicts a rather large number of verses that are quite clear on the point that the devil and those who follow him (including a large number of people) will have their eternal destiny in the lake of fire - and that isn't salvation (e.g., Matt. 25:41, 46; Rev. 14:9-11; 19:20; 20:10, 14, 15; 21:8; and 22:15).
What Paul meant here is that all things will be "reconciled" to God, one way, or another. Those among mankind (I had a footnote: The Bible does not speak of the devil, evil angels, or demons ever repenting and being saved; it speaks quite clearly of their being cast into the eternal lake of fire.) who will be saved (the elect) will be "reconciled" to God through repenting and submitting in faith to His salvation, to His lordship, and to His divine order. Those who continue in rebellion against God, without repentance (the devil, fallen angels, demons, and a large number of people), will be "reconciled" to God through being subdued (cf. Col. 2:15; Phil. 2:10, 11), judged, and removed from His kingdom forever, which will establish "peace" in His universe/kingdom. There will be "peace" in the sense that the rebellion, strife, and warfare will be brought to an end; there will be no place for these things in God's ultimate kingdom. Note the word "peace" as this verse continues.
This verse goes on to show that "peace" will be established through Christ on the basis of His atoning death. The Bible makes it quite clear that Satan and his followers are overthrown through Christ and His atoning death (cf., e.g., John 12:31-33; 16:11; and Heb. 2:5-14 [Hebrews 2:5-14 are discussed under the verse-by-verse discussion of Psalm 8 in my paper on selected eschatological psalms on my internet site.]). For one thing, Satan gained authority over man through the sin of Adam (and the sin of Adam's offspring has intensified the problem), but Christ took away that authority by bearing the sin of Adam and his offspring with the guilt and penalties (including the major penalties of spiritual death and the bondage to sin that comes with spiritual death [see Romans chapter 5, for example, which is discussed in my book, "Holiness and Victory Over Sin: Full Salvation Through the Atoning Death of the Lord Jesus Christ"]). He gives new-covenant believers spiritual life and makes them righteous and holy (cf., e.g., Romans chapters 6 and 8; Col. 1:9-14 [these three super-important passages are discussed in my book, "Holiness and Victory Over Sin"]; 2:13-15).]], having made peace through the blood of His [Christ's] cross; through Him [through Christ], I say whether things on earth or things in heaven. [[I would translate "in the heavenly places" here or "in the heavens." (The Greek has the noun for "heaven" in a plural form, and it has the definite article [similar to our "the"] with this noun.) In the margin the NASB says, "Lit [in] the heavens." The NAB has "in the heavens." The Greek here is exactly the same as the Greek in verse 16, which the NASB translated "in the heavens." We often use the word "heaven" of the place where God's throne is, but "the things in the heavens/heavenly places" spoken of here include Satan and his hosts in the spiritual dimension.]] (21) [Colossians 1:21-23 are discussed in more detail on pages 186-190 of my book, "Holiness and Victory Over Sin."]] And although you were formerly alienated [The apostle is addressing Gentile Christians. They had (before they became Christians) been alienated from God through sin, and they, unlike the Jews, did not have a saving covenant with God. The apostle discusses this alienation from God and from His covenant people in Eph. 2:11-22.] and hostile in mind, engaged in evil deeds [[These Gentiles (speaking of the time before they were saved from sin and spiritual death through faith in Christ) had been "hostile in mind." They had been hostile in their thinking against God and the laws of God, and this hostility had been manifested in their sinful living, having been "engaged in evil deeds [works]." (Wrong thinking always leads to wrong living. The way we think in our hearts, including what we believe, makes all the difference.) Part of the problem, of course, was that they had been under the influence of the god of this world and his demons (cf., e.g., Eph. 2:1-3), and they had been taught about many gods, but still they were responsible before God - they were without excuse for their sin (cf., e.g., Rom. 1:18-32), and especially after He sent the gospel to them.
I have observed over the years that most Christians, even including most ministers, do not have an adequate understanding of the word "mind" as it is typically used in the Bible, including here in Col. 1:21. They typically limit the mind to the head, and many ministers point to their head when they mention the mind or thinking. It is true that we think with our heads, but it is also true that our most important thinking takes place in our hearts/spirits, and especially when it comes to our thoughts about God and our priorities, attitudes, and motives.
When the apostle spoke of being "hostile in mind" here he was definitely including the "thinking" that we do in our hearts/spirits. A major aspect of our salvation in Christ is that God renews our minds (that is He renews our minds to the extent we submit to Him and His Word through faith) - He enables us by the Holy Spirit to think right in our hearts/spirits and to live right (cf., e.g., Rom. 8:1-9; 12:1, 2; and Eph. 4:17-24). (See pages 116-120, 138, 139 of my book, "Holiness and Victory Over Sin" on these verses from Romans, and see my paper on Ephesians chapter 4 on this Christian article site on these verses from Ephesians.)]], (22) yet He [I agree with the widespread viewpoint that "He" here refers to God the Father. For one thing, the context with verses 19, 20 strongly favors this viewpoint.] has now reconciled you in His fleshly body [The Greek here should be translated something like, "by the body of His [Christ's] flesh." The NIV has, "by Christ's physical body."] through death [In other words, God the Father has reconciled us (He has saved us) through the atoning death of His Son, the Lamb of God. Romans 5:10 says, "For if while we were enemies, we were reconciled to God through the death of His Son...."], in order to present you before Him [Himself (before God the Father)] holy and blameless and beyond reproach [[Paul is speaking here of our being presented before God at the end of this age (cf., e.g., Col. 1:28; Rom. 14:10-12; 2 Cor. 4:14; 1 Thess. 3:13; 5:23; and Jude 1:24). ((I had a two-paragraph footnote: 1 Thessalonians 3:10-13 are discussed on pages 183-185 of my book, "Holiness and Victory Over Sin"; 1 Thess. 5:23 on pages 178, 179; and Jude 1:24 in endnote 5 on pages 217, 218 of that book. All three passages are extremely important to help us see the apostle Paul's viewpoint here in Col. 1:21-23, especially 1 Thess. 3:10-13 and 5:23, in that these verses were also written by Paul. The discussions of all three passages are part of the last chapter of my book, "Holiness and Victory Over Sin." The entire content of that lengthy chapter (pages 169-219) is relevant to the interpretation of Col. 1:21-23. Colossians 1:21-23 are discussed there too, on pages 186-190.
I consider the teaching of that chapter to be extremely important, along with the corroborating content of much of the rest of the book that helps confirm the good-news viewpoint that God really has called and enabled us to be holy and have the victory over sin now. I am sorry to say that most Christians do not agree with this viewpoint. The two most common interpretations for passages like Col. 1:21-23 are that we will finally be holy at the end of the race, after we die, and especially after we are glorified, or that we are holy now, but only in a legal, positional sense, not that we do (or even can) stop sinning until after we are glorified.)) We must be ready for that day of judgment, so we can be found "before Him holy and blameless and beyond reproach." For all such people the day of judgment will be a great blessing.
Paul was not speaking here of our gradually being made "holy and blameless and beyond reproach" (of a lifelong sanctifying process) as so many think he was (though it is true that we must continue to grow more like the Lord Jesus Christ; cf., e.g., 2 Cor. 3:18). Nor was he speaking of our being made "holy and blameless and beyond reproach" by a transformation at the end (though it is true that all true Christians will be glorified at that time). As Paul continues he shows that he is speaking here in verse 22 of Christians being "holy and blameless and beyond reproach" now, and of our maintaining that status (of living in an abiding state of holiness, which is the Christian ideal to which we have been called) until the end of our lives, or until Jesus returns.
The New Testament is full of passages like the following one from the apostle Paul that confirm what I said in the last paragraph, "Do all things without grumbling or disputing; (15) so that you will prove yourselves to be BLAMELESS AND INNOCENT, children of God ABOVE REPROACH [my emphasis] in the midst of a crooked and perverse generation, among whom you shine as lights in the world, (16) holding fast the word of life, so that in the day of Christ [when we will be presented before God] I will have reason to glory because I did not run in vain nor toil in vain" (Phil. 2:14-16). Paul would have "toiled in vain" (in one sense) if the Philippian Christians had all backsliden (which wasn't about to happen) and were not ready to stand before God in judgment at the end. (Actually Paul would not have "toiled in vain" in a personal sense, even if all the Philippian Christians had backsliden, as long as he had faithfully fulfilled his ministry before God.)
I'll also quote Phil. 2:12, 13 (the two verses that come just before the three verses just quoted), "So then, my beloved, just as you have always obeyed not as in my presence only, but now much more in my absence, work out your salvation with fear and trembling; (13) for it is God who is at work in you, both to will and to work for His good pleasure." As these verses show, we have our part to play. God does not make us get saved, or make us stay saved; He does not make us get holy, or make us stay holy - we must "work out [our] salvation with fear and trembling" by grace through faith. The "fear and trembling" go with fearing to sin against God, knowing that we will sin if we do not continually appropriate and cooperate with His sufficient grace through faith. The Bible, from the beginning to the end, teaches that we must fear sinning against God. Philippians 2:13 makes it quite clear that we are totally dependent on God's grace, but that does not mean that we don't have a role to play in His salvation plan (as confirmed by Phil. 2:12, 14-16 and a very large number of other verses in the Bible). "Faith" is the most important word used in the New Testament to describe our role (what God requires of us). "Repentance" is another key word.
We will continue with what I said under Col. 1:22 in Part 4 of this paper.
Copyright by Karl Kemp
http://www.karlkempteachingministries.com Karl Kemp worked as an engineer in the space field throughout the 60s. He became a born-again Christian in 1964. He received an MA in Biblical Studies in 1972. He has been a Bible teacher for 45 years. See the website for more info on his books, papers, etc.
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Archive of June 2007
Decisive action needed on climate change
The secretary of state David Miliband launched the draft climate change bill with the insistence there is no longer any debate that climate change is a reality and emissions are to blame. Working from this assumption, the climate change bill commits the UK to reducing emissions, based on a new system of carbon budgets and enforced by a climate change committee
Bill is no substitute for action
The Liberal Democrat environment minister Chris Huhne outlines the Lib Dem's concerns with the climate change bill in its current form. Although welcoming it as a starting point to curb emissions, Mr Huhne warns the bill is weakened by a lack of yearly targets and is vulnerable to political interference - allowing governments to avoid responsibility for missed targets.