text:
The Big Unsolicited Brookfield Question
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Timeline with Hard Dates
- 1898 Purple CD 293 LOCKE pieces, made by Brookfield. [1]
- 1898 Brookfield Incorporates in New York [2]
- 1903 William Brookfield dies [3]
- 1906 Old Bridge plant is built, insulator production starts. [4]
- 1907/8 Brooklyn production of insulators stops. [5]
- 1908 Brookfield incorporates in New Jersey. [6]
- 1909 introduction of drip points.[7]
- 1912 Brooklyn plant closed. [8]
- 1918 Thomas Gillespie plant explosion. [9]
- 1921 Brookfield factory for sale.[10]
- 1922 Broofield plant sold. [11]
The Color Timeline
- start - 1907/8 Light aqua indicates production in Brooklyn. http://insulators.info/pictures/?id=375743143
- 1906 - 1907/8 Transitional green. http://insulators.info/pictures/?id=377690603 Note that there is some disagreement here. Brent feels this is a transitional color, Andrew thinks it earlier. The middle insulator in this picture -- http://insulators.info/pictures/?id=375743371 -- Andrew would date to around 1897-1903.
- 1906 - 1921 Dark aqua and green Indicates production in Old Bridge. http://insulators.info/pictures/?id=377638588
- ~1915 - 1921 Light Blue, frequently with snow. Note 1915 is rather arbitrary. http://insulators.info/pictures/?id=375744730
Original Emails
Brent Burger
July 6, 2013
Brent Burger wrote:
OK, .... here we go ! ;-) Get out our big Can of Worms opener and let's see where this roller coaster goes !
I have given this lot of thought on how to organize my thoughts and the best I can come up with is a chaotic mess of random observations that I will try to present in a way that makes sense and/or provokes others to give feedback that might provide some key tidbit to put more of "the impossible puzzle" together.
It is my hope that some of you can provide examples of CD's, colors, shop numbers that are outside the scope of my own collecting that might tie up some loose ends or jar the existing thinking on a given point. I do keep a few non-102 Brookfields as side interest/study value, my main study group in the 102. Those who can offer comment/ photos of other CD's relevant to the discussion are greatly encourage. Another angle to this would be the discovery of dated photos of the California Glass Insulator Co. showing that styles thought to be LATE production were actually very EARLY production ! I am fully prepared (and welcome) being proven wrong on any of this and invite anyone with even shaky "evidence" to speak up, as the chance observation might prove far more viable if we can connect the dots.
That said, let me preface this with how I fit into this, as my scope in the very large Brookfield picture is vague on the large range and more acute on the more narrow focus of post-1900 insulators, and much more specifically on those pony styles made by the company. In this way, I will rely heavily on others to bring examples and theory to the table on items outside my narrow scope.
My area of study centers around skirt embossed Brookfield (SKEB) CD 102's, which we presume to be made roughly post-1897 to the end of production in 1921. The focus of this writing and following discourse will be the various embossing types - WBFNY, BFNY, BF, and B and how they may or may not relate to the production facilities in Bushwick (Brooklyn, NY) 1860's - 1912 and Old Bridge (OB), NJ, 1906-1921.
Some of Brookfield history is known. Much has been taken as fact from dialogue had with Wm. Brookfield Jr., something that has proven to be less than accurate as research has been done. BUT ! ... I feel this "known" history is the perfect jumping off point, as it allows us all to walk through the new knowledge and note the corrections as our hobby knows this history. So, I will lay this out as much as I have known it, with addendum and corrections, and everyone can add, comment, or otherwise as we move along to build an as up-to-date history and historical theory as possible.
Brookfield History as known in 1967:
1865 - Brookfield gets into the insulator business after Louis Cauvet sells the screw-thread pinhole patent rights to the Brookfields. I have heard it discussed in recent years that a start date is more likely to have been around 1868, and that the patent granting date does not necessarily indicate a start of production. Brookfield kept their admin office at 55 Fulton St. from their earliest insulator production days to some time in 1882.
1882 - Brookfield moves their offices to 45 Cliff St. It should be cautioned that while it is highly likely that Wm. Brookfield Sr. moved quickly to re-engrave his molds to reflect the new address (based on anecdotal knowledge of the man and his drive to build dominance in the field), this assumption loses merit after his death and should not be considered absolute.
1890 - Brookfield moves the offices again. This time to 83 Fulton St. I am uncertain if, or when Brookfield ever moved again, but of importance to dating the product, this would be the last address engraved on their insulators and it was sporadic - some getting it while others did not - and what I suspect was a transitioning away from the crown embossing that Brookfield had favored since the beginning. This leads us into the area of study and discussion about the less defined SKEB embossings and periods of use.
1897 - I am drawing a blank here for specifics, but written accounts say Brookfield was at the 83 Fulton address from 1890-1897.
1903 - William Brookfield Sr. dies, setting off a string of changes within the company. William Brookfield Jr. states that the "W" was dropped from use at this time. Whether this happened immediately is questionable, but 1903 is the general date for when the BFNY began to appear and the WBFNY emb'g may have carried on until service was required or the molds wore out.
1908 - Brookfield moves to Old Bridge. This information has been proven incorrect by period documents stating work began on the new plant in 1906 and was in production before 1908 there. Also, it once was believed this move also meant that the Bushwick plant closed in 1908. It actually remained in service into 1912.
As we know it now, insulator production began at OB in 1906. It was the first production to be done at OB, and of note, insulator production continued at Bushwick for several years before all insulator production was moved over to OB. Do we have definite dates for start at OB and stoppage at Bushwick ?
It once was considered fact that after the move to OB, the "NEW YORK" emb'd was dropped. This is almost certainly untrue, as OB glass was notably much darker than those glasses made at Bushwick, and many examples of the OB glass are found marked with BFNY. Conversely, examples of the earlier Bushwick glass are found marked WBFNY and BFNY (as would be expected), but also BF and B.
Which leads to the last comment about embossing types. It was once considered fact (based on ???) that "B" marked insulators were made during and after WW1, based on a shortage of skilled workers available to engrave new molds. This has proven to be nothing but poppycock, as B-marked insulators can be found in Bushwick colors, and the standard OB dark aquas. A keg variant found in Bushwick light aqua is also embossed BFNY on the skirt with a "B" between the grooves. It appears the B marking was used randomly from perhaps as early as 1897 to the very end with no obvious rhyme or reason to its application.
It is my belief that OB production was always primarily a dark aqua (tealish) to dark green, and often swirled with olive to create greens, two-tones, and the occasion olive or amber run. The latter occurring with greater frequency at, or near the very end. More on this later.
Very end production is noted by a change in glass appearance and molds/molding techniques. Common items showing these attributes are the Brookfield No.9, 31, 36, and 44 marked pieces, however, others are also found with these characteristics as well. The glass has a different feel to it. The surface is often less smooth, and the mold lines are often sharp edged. The glass color was often a lighter blue-aqua, often seen with snow in it, but runs were made that were much more green, and we are all familiar with the olive and ambers also made in this period. The No.9 and 44 probably being the most often seen in these amber type colors.
I find the greatest "mystery" about Brookfield production to revolve roughly around the 1900 to 1918 period with moments of clarity to *perhaps* help us put some of the questionable periods in better focus. Going on the assumption that Bushwick glass was primarily lighter blue-aqua in color, and Old Bridge glass being primarily the dark aquas and greens, I find myself plugging in observations of profiles and colors to build theories about what stuff was made when.
Following are photographs of different pieces and groupings with my theories. This is already a #@! book, so I will submit the entirety in sections to aid the "short of attention span". ;-) Please feel to concur, comment, add, or just plain disagree, preferably with photos to support your feedback. Little that I know or theorize is set in stone. As mentioned above, much of what was considered fact about BF history has proven to be "inaccurate" at best, total hogwash at worst. I consider most anything on this topic open for debate and welcome evidence to support any new or different ideas.
The first group will be the WBFNY marked pieces. This bunch appears to be fairly small, with a couple profiles much more common than others. We might guess that these were made roughly prior to 1903 as outlined above and perhaps as early as 1897 (?) although I can think of no verifiable evidence beyond comments made by William Brookfield to base this on.
Album: Reference Information Title: 102 SKEB WBFNY - Different Profiles http://www.insulators.info/pictures/?id=377611734
Album: Reference Information Title: 102 SKEB WBFNY - Fat http://www.insulators.info/pictures/?id=377612010
Album: Reference Information Title: 102 SKEB WBFNY - Squat http://www.insulators.info/pictures/?id=377612265
Album: Reference Information Title: 102 SKEB WBFNY - Others http://www.insulators.info/pictures/?id=377614279
July 7, 2013
The second group in this study (BFNY) is a frustrating bunch. It is the largest and most complicated / confusing of all the SKEB 102's. I have spent many, many hours studying them and am only able to find "patterns" on a few. I am at a loss to name each style, as it seems there is an infinite number of variations that "almost" seem to make "this one" part of "that group", but defy PID that way. Muy frustration ! This is also my primary motivation and interest in studying the SKEB 102. This area is like a black hole of mystery with factors like purple glass, yellow-green, the move to Old Bridge, and a whole bunch of transitional stuff yet to be defined, it is just a ball of clues looking to be tied together. After much hesitation and an inability to draw conclusions, I have decided to push forward with many of them lumped together in loose groups and hope to enlarge my study group to perhaps get some answers.
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According to William Brookfield Jr., after the death of William Sr., the "W" was "dropped" from the embossing. What exactly that meant is open for debate. Were the molds immediately pulled from use and re-engraved ? I highly doubt it. Samples of BFNY units in my study group could be suggested to be made from reworked WBFNY, but none I have show evidence of simply having the "W" blotted out - something Brookfield was well known to do.
William Jr. went on to say that the company "moved" from Bushwick (Brooklyn), NY to Old Bridge (OB), NJ in 1908, and at this time the "NEW YORK" was "dropped" from the embossing. This over-simplification of their move is grossly inaccurate and is the primary focus of my studies here.
Brookfield began work at Old Bridge in 1906 and began producing insulators there that same year. However, insulator production continued at Bushwick for several years, giving them TWO plants making insulators at the same time over the course of 3-4 years.
Comments made by William Jr. make it clear that the typically light blue-aqua glass so favored by William Sr. changed to the familiar dark aquas and greens at the Old Bridge site. Raw materials were sourced locally and the old Long Island quarry used to supply the Bushwick works was not used for the new plant at OB. While anything coming from William Jr. should be filtered through the knowledge that he was very young at the time the company was still in operation, this tidbit seems to have supporting evidence in a known source quarry used by BF and anecdotal knowledge of the change.
Hypothetically using this point as a matter of fact as a jumping off point, a number of theories can be postulated. I will get into many them in later installments, but while still on the subject of the BFNY embossing as it relates to the move, if we accept this color change to dark aqua as being a distinct characteristic of OB production, a number of examples exist of BFNY marked 102's in the OB colors, clearly suggesting that the "NEW YORK" marking was NOT dropped immediately, and some were made at Old Bridge.
Album: Reference Information Title: 102 SKEB BFNY - Old Bridge Colors http://www.insulators.info/pictures/?id=377638588
To confuse matters further, a peculiar color group seems to straddle the BFNY / BF marking, suggesting units marked simply "BROOKFIELD" were put into service in Bushwick toward the end of production there. I will submit that this theory *could* be reversed and the OB dark aquas were not made immediately after they came on line there. However, for argument's sake, I will go with the former until evidence suggesting otherwise outweighs the evidence suggesting this is the case. In any case, this color group is noted for it's typically glowing radiant quality of glass, and colors ranging from an odd sagey kind of aqua, to more tealy, to a very pretty yellow-green.
Album: Reference Information Title: 102 SKEB Brookfield Study - The Transitional Color Group http://www.insulators.info/pictures/?id=377690603
Also of note is a peculiar tall and skinny 102 design that I have yet to find in a OB dark aqua, but is commonly seen in the aforementioned color group that suggests to me this color group was made at Bushwick in the last years before they moved all insulator production to Old Bridge.
Album: Reference Information Title: 102 SKEB BFNY - Concave Skirts Skinny http://www.insulators.info/pictures/?id=377643815
On to the rest of the BFNY presentation ....
The BFNY group has 3 distinct size groups of units with concave skirts. Odd amongst all 102's, but nothing too unusual in the field of BFNY marked 102's. This lot has the distinction of straddling all color spectrums, from early Bushwick light aqua and light green to transitional yellow-green to what appears to be Old Bridge dark aqua.
Album: Reference Information Title: 102 SKEB BFNY - Concave Skirts Medium http://www.insulators.info/pictures/?id=377644010
Following up on the medium sized concave skirt units, this group represents the fattest of the lot. It also offers some odd clues in being a BFNY group I have yet to locate in any color but the dark Old Bridge colors. The dripped unit is the only BFNY 102 I have seen with drips.
Album: Reference Information Title: 102 SKEB BFNY - Concave Skirts Fat http://www.insulators.info/pictures/?id=377644352
Jumping around a bit, this anomaly to the whole BF 102 equation is the MLOD SKEB.
Album: Reference Information Title: 102 SKEB BFNY - MLOD http://www.insulators.info/pictures/?id=377638944
A group of similar, but not the same, pieces with a taller, skinnier proportion than normal.
Album: Reference Information Title: 102 SKEB BFNY - Tall Skinnies http://www.insulators.info/pictures/?id=377640989
A distinct group with very vertical skirts.
Album: Reference Information Title: 102 SKEB BFNY - Straight Skirts http://www.insulators.info/pictures/?id=377640534
This group is very peculiar, both in colors, but also in profile.
Album: Reference Information Title: 102 SKEB BFNY - "O" Types http://www.insulators.info/pictures/?id=377639735
A group of similar, but not the same units. See photo caption for more detail.
Album: Reference Information Title: 102 SKEB BFNY - Misc. 1 http://www.insulators.info/pictures/?id=377641589
Another group of similar, but not the same units. See photo caption for more detail.
Album: Reference Information Title: 102 SKEB BFNY - Misc. 2 http://www.insulators.info/pictures/?id=377642289
As stated up top, this is an overwhelming group of similars and almosts that has so far defied my attempts to neatly organize into any form. More study is needed here for sure.
July 15, 2013
My definition of "blotting" is based on 99% being done as blots ... as Webster defines as "spots, dots, or marks" in round drill-outs being then refilled and finished (to varying degrees of "cleanliness") .... often most obvious to us in those raised round dots on the rear of 121 Brookfields. The sca 102 CREB is unique (to my knowledge) in being done completely different, ... and obviously so. Hence the bother of distinction. In our search for clues, this may tell us something.
I am trying to present an argument that the dates given by William Jr. were not "hard" and part of that argument is based on historical knowledge of their move to Old Bridge and peculiar color group/s, mold profiles, and embossings therein that hold more "weight" than the anecdotal word of an old man who was but a child at the time. All his other "hard" dates have been proven to be soft, and I think the 1903 date is as well. I suspect the notion to remove the "W" was there. Some may have been purposely removed, but given the overlap of B, Brookfield, and BFNY in the 1897-1921 period, why would we hold so fastidiously to his word that the "W" stopped immediately upon the death of his grandfather ?
Just to throw out an idea here .... it seems to me the demand for baby signals was not near as high as it was for 102's. So far I have DOZENS of different mold types in the SKEBs. How many different baby signal mold sets are known ?
Anyway, ... let's just say baby signals sold on a ratio of 1 to 1000 to the 102, .... could this explain the lingering use of outdated emb'g molds (they weren't worn out yet) ? We know the BFNY babies were made WELL into the OB years. Why not the WBFNY units lasting into the end of production at Bushwick ?
Check Woodward's 1967 report. Tibbits quoted this source for the Brookfield dates, the 1903, 1908 embossing changes, and the "B" marking being the result of WW1 and a skilled labor shortage.
On Jul 14, 2013, at 7:55 PM, Andrew Gibson wrote:
>> Nowhere did I ever write that the 102's were blotted out. I wrote that the embossing was removed, or defaced. One should not assume this means blotting
> Um, what's the difference? Don't know about you, but in my mind "blotout" encompasses the entire set of things they do to get rid of embossing. That includes drilling out the mold and replacing the metal, it includes just "filling in" the embossing, it includes "defacing" or whatever you mean by that, or anything else. Any time you can see that there was "something" embossed on the insulator that isn't there now, that's a blotout (actually, sometimes you don't see anything, but you still can know there is a blotout -- and just because there was an area drilled out and replaced, doesn't mean it IS a blotout, as it might just be a mold repair). But that doesn't seem to be your definition. What exactly do you mean, and why bother with the distinction?
> I'll try to find a good W BROOKFIELD with the W blotted out to get a picture of. These are tough to photograph, as the blotout is so much lighter than the rest of the embossing, usually.
> If my WBFNY green was made during 1906-1908 (when both OB and BRKLYN were making insulators), then the W wasn't removed in 1903. I'm not agreeing with that yet -- I still think these WBFNY pieces were made circa 1897-1903 (at least the baby signals, anyway).
> And yes, I do think it a bit odd that there is no plain BROOKFIELD with no NY. That actually is listed in the PG, but I think Don said he hasn't been able to verify it. I do believe that the baby signals were no where near as popular an item as the beehives, so I wouldn't be surprised if an embossing variant got skipped for them. Where do you get that the NEW YORK was dropped when they moved to OB? I had never heard that before -- you sound like Brookfield said that in your conversations? I definitely agree that that is not the truth -- nor is the statement that the B is from WW I due to skilled labor shortages!
July 19, 2013
On Jul 19, 2013, at 6:41 AM, Andrew Gibson wrote:
> The Brookfield baby signal from the two part mold was a short lived piece, I think. I've thought 1893 to 1897 is the likely time period, with the flip to the three part mold, with the W. BROOKFIELD over NY with the patent date on back, happening around then and use continuing to 1903. I have not abandoned the 1903 date for removing the W from all molds -- certainly it is possible (and likely) that they started making new molds without the W prior to this. 1898 seems like a good possibility for this, as that's when they incorporated and perhaps that triggered the change. But for those pieces where the W is blotted out (no, I haven't posted a pic yet, but will!), 1903 still seems to me to be the likely time when this happened. I see no reason for them to take the time and expense to remove that W unless they had a real reason to do so. What could that have been if not William Brookfield's death?
> The BFNY versions, with and without dome numbers, well, I've used the 1903 date for the start of these, but I tend to agree that they could have been earlier, perhaps as early as the 1898 date, though that seems a bit early to me.
Let me preface this by saying I have no reason to dispute any of your comments regarding 160's, but I do think it points up how one CD style may have little-to-no-bearing on how the progression worked with another CD style, .. and hence my suggestion we specialists compare notes.
How many variations or molds are known for the MLOD 160 ? 1893 to 1897 is a LONG stretch for a single mold set in continuous use. Personally, I don't think Brookfield was selling very many baby signals to start with, especially in the 1890's. At least nowhere near the rate they were shipping 102's. I think this skews the comparative logic up to the point of colors, and this is where I was hoping we could find some clues. Why no sca baby signals ? I would put money on it that the company had enough stock of this style on hand during the period of sca production and quite simply did not put those molds on the production line because they already had plenty on hand to meet demand.
Upon careful examination, I see no 102's with a blotted (or obviously removed) "W". The biggest kicker here is there are no profiles that carry across the embossing types. The evidence with 102's is that the "W" was never REMOVED, but rather, the molds were retired/replaced instead. Whether this happened in 1903 or 1906 is beyond our ability to know (at this time), and I have no reason to doubt William Jr.'s 1903 date comment, other than all his other date comments were inaccurate.
The more I think about that, the more I am reminded of my old professors' directives to only ask the question you want an answer to, and it gets me thinking that maybe Woody asked the question like: When did the company change the embossing from "BROOKFIELD / NEW YORK" to "BROOKFIELD" ? and William answered: "They moved to New Jersey in 1908 and dropped it then", creating an illusion of finality, when in fact, a more precisely worded question would have got a more precise answer ?
As an example: Did the company pull all the molds out of service and remove the "NEW YORK" embossing ? ... and if they did, when did that happen ?
Because the answer we have been operating with today is based on us thinking this is how the question was asked. However, that answer, as we have it, clearly indicates it was not asked so specifically. So, our own assumptions are creating barriers to looking at the evidence we might otherwise have in hand.
Honestly, I look at these things in my lighted case, and almost without exception, the colors run from light aqua to dark aqua and green as you scan from top to bottom ... as I have them arranged WBFNY to BFNY to BF from top to bottom. Only a few jump the lines, and it doesn't take much thinking upon seeing this that perhaps our old dating assumptions are out of line with some fairly solid production evidence. It is frustrating because to move down this path of logic, all we have to work with are assumptions, and building a case upon assumptions to "overturn" another case built on assumptions seems tremulous at best.
My study pool of BF baby signals is limited. I do have a few goodies, and these, compiled with my general observations has me thinking of a few "holes" in the baby signal timeline, namely a plain "BROOKFIELD" marked piece, and a BFNY marked piece with bold embossing. My 102's show some molds getting re-turned as a matter of repair, and the engraving depth becomes less, making the embossing weaker on the post-repair made insulators. The 160 BFNY pieces I have (and all that I can remember) all have the weak, re-turned mold look. Are there boldly embossed, pre-re-turning pieces out there ?
Going a slightly different direction, .... about these colors ..... if we are to assume the light sca Brookfields (found marked WBFNY, BFNY, and B, as well as the 293 Freds, and possibly the AM TEL 121 (?)) are dated to 1897 based on the factually known construction date of the 293 line, and this keys in perfectly with Brookfield's seizure of BGM's assets, ..... then this unquestionably puts both BFNY and B marked pieces WAY OUT OF LINE with the accepted timeline as laid out by William Jr.
Frankly, I buy off on this completely. The only "out" on this I see is if all the sca-making material was not burned up in a start- to-finish manner and there were intermittent times of sca production. But let's just say they did burn through it and got back to making typical light aqua glass again .... this allows us to put a thumbtack along the timeline that is very precise.
We have another "assumed" thumbtack along the line at 1906, when Old Bridge production created a new, darker glass than that made at Bushwick.
Sometimes the detective needs to bring in a fresh set of eyes to look at the evidence in order to crack a cold case. I am fresh out of eyeball options, but I can allow myself to ignore the dates we've always assumed were golden and just look at the colors in the case. There is something there. I can see it. Can't quite put my finger on anything conclusively, because facts vs. assumptions doesn't allow hard conclusions, but there IS something there !
It sure would be nice if we had a hardcore SKEB beehive nut on board. Maybe a hardcore 162-164 guy too ? As I see it, the 102's probably had the highest production count of any of Brookfield's styles at the time. I base this on numbers of mold profiles, modifications, and colors. But I suspect, like with the 293, that clues outside the 102 scope will dial this in much tighter if we had specialists from the other style groups filling in blanks as their group/s revealed clues.
July 20, 2013
Travis Pattern is a local foundry that does a lot of fancy engraved mold brass work. I used to do a lot of work for the owner and one time at a Christmas party struck up a conversation about their products and procedures. He told me brass is worked at right around 2000 degrees (same as insulators). He told me their molds were made of ductile iron (same as insulators). He told me they expect a mold's service life to be about 25,000 pours before the engraving details fail to an unacceptable level.
While still not definitive for glass insulators, it does give us some idea of what Brookfield might have been working with.
First of all, Travis' product was far more artsy and finished, being subjected to a level of up-close scrutiny that no Brookfield product ever did. Secondly, where Travis did not enjoy the ability to rework their molds (repairs were too obvious), insulator molds could be reworked multiple times and still create acceptable items for pole line use.
So, how long did a mold last at Brookfield ? Good question ! One thing I did here is change my method of timekeeping to reflect production instead of actual days or years. Brookfield didn't have dedicated presses for each insulator type. They had "X" amount of presses and a far greater number of molds that they placed IN the presses (removing another type in the process) and made as many of this new type as they felt was needed (either to fill an order or to create on-hand stock, or both) before taking those molds out to make more of a different style. The molds were NOT in continuous use.
This creates a black hole of unknown, as (using the MLOD 160 as an example) we have no real idea how long that mold (or mold set) sat on the shelf between runs to get any kind of handle on how long that mold/set stayed around in serviceable condition before it was replaced.
So, while my detective work seemed to answer some questions, it really pushes us no farther ahead in terms of timeline knowledge. I don't even get into post-1920 insulator making. It was a whole different game and only muddies the water of trying to understand the older ways.
It is in this light of "shelf life" vs. actual in-production life that I suggest some molds/sets seem to exceed others in service time.
This is my take on baby signals ...
Brookfield sold small amounts of these, but on a slightly increasing scale over the years until their overall business share was hammered by Hemingray in the mid-teens. As a result, the early molds lasted a long time, perhaps 5 to maybe even ten years ? I would lean towards 5, but ..... let's just say they ditched the 2-part mold set in 1897 and tooled up the new set that read WBFNY with the patent on the back. I am guessing there were only 3 to this mold set ? .... and these lasted until 1903, when they were reworked to have the "W" removed, ... where they then went on for more service creating BFNY pieces ? This is an item I am unfamiliar with. Does it retain the patent on the back, or did they move "NEW YORK" to the back ? It seems one or more from this set lasted much longer than the expected "few years".
This is where your specialist status is vital .... they then made new molds that read BF on the front and NY on the back, much like the commonly seen re-turned mold units, only these pieces are only seen in Bushwick colors and have bold embossing ? This is when I would submit that the yellow-green Bushwick color was made, and it appears at least one of those old WBFNY molds was still kicking around to make some glass in this odd color.
From there it is pretty obvious ... they moved to OB, re-turned the molds to create the weakly embossed units, since they were fully automated by this time, shop numbers were no longer relevant, so they were left unattended or filled or retired. This went on to a point the weak embossed BFNY molds were shot and in order to make any more baby signals, BF was forced to either make a new set of molds or rework some oldies lingering around the shop. I think this is where the "B" marked pieces come from ... reworked Star molds that were cheaper to fix than to order up new molds. The profile is very similar. It seems most of the end-run BF glass got style numbers added to the engraving, and I would submit this is likely what happened with the 160's too.
Doubling back on myself, I want to revisit the peculiar yellow-green pieces known in WBFNY and BFNY (bold) markings. For no better reason than I think this odd glass type was a short but semi-consistent (start-to-finish with no interruptions) kind of run based on color/s and glass quality combined with embossing types and what we know about the transitional years from Bushwick to Old Bridge, I believe this provides clue that:
a. Brookfield was not making a lot of baby signals at this point (large backstock, low demand ?), and b. They still had at least one WBFNY mold still around in serviceable condition.
This latter point I would love to review against what you know about the removed "W" mold/s and the bold BFNY molds and colors found therein to see if anything can be learned there that might support or reject my 102 observations. All-in-all, I think we are pretty much talking the same game here, just minor details are different based on dissimilarities between styles and production thereof, and missing pieces of the puzzle/s in regards to not having enough study pieces
Looking at my 102's, shop numbers seem to generally come in sets of 4, with one often having no mark, making for a 4th variation. Memory of other styles such as 145 and 162.1 seem to follow this trend, but I have not the space or madness to undertake expanding this much further on the level I have with the 102's. I would need a #@! lighted case the size of a barn !
Rambling on, I note the WBFNY and plain BF mold sets fall into relatively easy-to-track groups of profiles and shop numbers. But holy cow ! ... does the bottom drop out on us when it comes to the BFNY units, especially when we get into those transitional colors ! I am at a total loss to attach more than a couple puzzle pieces together and nothing really gains any momentum for telling a timeline before I lose traction and feel I need MANY more study pieces to tie more together !
On Jul 20, 2013, at 5:27 AM, Andrew Gibson wrote:
>> 1893 to 1897 is a LONG stretch for a single mold set in continuous use.
> I don't know -- this is why I'd love to have an idea how long molds actually lasted at different points in time. For the Hemis around this time, we have assumed a very short life for the molds (though I don't know the rationale for this). At a later point in time, the 1934 Hemi 14 mold set lasted for at least 22 years, and they seem to have made those puppies in fairly large quantity. Did automated presses wear the molds less than manual? Were baby signals of low enough volume in the early days that the molds lasted longer? Maybe there were multiple mold sets for the baby signal and I just haven't noticed. There is definitely room for more study here.
> Definitely, the conclusions I reach for baby signals do not necessarily hold true for CD 102s. But I would think that they would be close. In the case of the W dropping, though, with the baby signals it would appear that they blotted that out around 1903 on William's death -- and I would assume that they didn't do this in the 102 case because the molds wore out quickly enough that it wasn't an issue for them. The net result would be that the W Brookfield embossing stopped around 1903, as the molds wore out quickly thereafter? But you said you weren't sure if that would have happened in 1903 or 1906 -- which to me seems like you are saying the 102 molds could have lasted a 4 year stretch, but which seemed too long for you to think the dome embossed baby signals could have lasted? The 102s were used more often, so I'd expect the molds to wear out more quickly, and so closer to the 1903 date.
> I do not know the number of mold variants on baby signals -- as I said, I haven't studied them closely enough to figure out the number of molds for these, because the major shape variants follow embossing changes. So you have the dome embossed, the WBFNY/PAT'D, BFNY, B, and B NO 32 (of course, you also have the W blotout, the addition of drips, and with and without shop numbers on the BFNY units, but none of that affects shape much). The B and B NO 32 seem to me that it's possible they added the NO 32 to the B mold, so there is not much difference in shape there. The BFNYs are fairly consistent. The WBFNY/PAT'D exhibit the most variation in shape, but I don't have enough of them to be conclusive about anything.
> On the other hand, the BFNY units come in 3 shop numbers -- 1, 3, and 4. That's it. I would think that would give you a basis for comparison if you know how many shop numbers the 102 comes in.
> While I agree that the plain BROOKFIELD and a purple one are holes, there definitely are bold BFNYs. All the Brooklyn colored ones of these are bold -- without exception (well, some of my questionable color ones are bold -- though that has led me to think the color is Brooklyn not OB, though it's also possible the molds were tweaked after a small number of uses at OB). Interestingly, the 1 and 3 are far and away more common than the 4 in this. All the OB colors are weak -- again without exception. And the only shop number I have ever seen here is the 4. I never could understand why the sudden switch in boldness might have occurred -- the idea of returning the mold set when they moved to OB, as a kind of mold repair, seems like a reasonable explanation. It would also seem that shop number 4 was a mold created relatively shortly before the move to OB, or which they may have made at the same time as the other molds but then rarely used.
> I do think we have one other pin to add to the timeline -- 1909 is when Brookfield started using drip points, at the earliest.
- ↑ "The Sage abd Purple CD 293 Lockes date from around 1898 and were used on the first installation construction phase of the New Orleans flood pumping station system . many were still in service as late as 1990.", Mike Spadafora, ICON 07/15/2013, message 19.
- ↑ The Commoner and Glassworker, April 16, 1898. http://reference.insulators.info/publications/view/?id=4650
- ↑ The New York Times, May 14, 1903. http://reference.insulators.info/publications/view/?id=4638
- ↑ The Commoner and Glassworker, March 10, 1906. http://reference.insulators.info/publications/view/?id=2096 Also Undated Letter from Brookfield. http://www.insulators.info/articles/brookfield-old-bridge-water-transportation.pdf
- ↑ China, Glass and Lamps, March 23, 1907 mentions insulators in production at Brooklyn plant. http://reference.insulators.info/publications/view/?id=5979 No subsequent references include insulators, such as The Commoner and Glassworks, April 25, 1908 http://reference.insulators.info/publications/view/?id=2513
- ↑ The New York Times, July 9, 1908. http://reference.insulators.info/publications/view/?id=10034
- ↑ Earliest reference to Brookfield selling insulators with drip points, per Bob Stahr.
- ↑ The Glassworker, September 28, 1912. http://reference.insulators.info/publications/view/?id=2660
- ↑ The New York Times, October 6, 1918. http://reference.insulators.info/publications/view/?id=10212
- ↑ Electrical World, April 23, 1921. http://reference.insulators.info/publications/view/?id=12707
- ↑ The Glassworker, September 23, 1922. http://reference.insulators.info/publications/view/?id=7395


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Market Research Reports : Transparency Market Research published new market report "Drilling Fluids (Oil-Based Fluids, Synthetic-Based Fluids and Water-Based Fluids) for Oil and Gas (Offshore & Onshore) Market - Global Industry Analysis, Size Share, Growth, Trends and Forecast, 2012 - 2018," the global market for drilling fluids was valued at USD 7.20 billion in 2011 and is expected to reach USD 12.31 billion by 2018, growing at a CAGR of 8% from 2012 to 2018.
Depleting onshore reserves have prompted the industry to shift focus towards developing deep sea reserves, which increases the overall cost of wells and in turn generates more revenue for drilling fluid manufacturers. This trend is expected to drive the global demand for drilling fluids over the forecast period. Increasing exploration of shale gas, coal bed methane (CBM) and other unconventional resources promotes the use of horizontal drilling, which is also expected to boost market revenue for drilling fluids. However, growing environmental concerns regarding the use and disposal of drilling fluids coupled with geopolitical issues in key oil producers in the Middle East is expected to hinder the market growth over the forecast period.
The successful implementation of nanotechnology in various industries has prompted industry participants to apply nanotechnology in the oil and gas industry. Major companies such as MI-SWACO (a Schlumberger company), Newpark Drilling Fluids, and Halliburton among others, have been investing heavilyin developing drilling fluids using nanotechnology.
WBFs (Water Based Fluids) emerged as the leading drilling fluid product consumed
worldwide and accounted for more than 55% of the total market in 2012. WBFs are considered to have minimum toxicity among drilling fluids and are extensively used for offshore drilling. Along with being the largest product segment, WBFs are also expected to be the fastest growing segment, at an estimated CAGR of 8.5% from 2012 to 2018. OBFs (Oil Based Fluids) on the other hand operate efficiently but carry the maximum risk of causing environmental hazards owing to which the industry is shifting focus towards SBFs (Synthetic-
Based Fluids) which has both OBF and WBF like attributes.
Onshore oil and gas consumed most of the drilling fluids and accounted for over 70% of the total market in 2012. The increasing onshore drilling activities in the Middle East, North America and Asia Pacific are expected to boost the demand for drilling fluids in onshore reserves. Growing investments in the "Golden Triangle" (Gulf of Mexico, offshore Brazil and offshore West Africa) on account of the presence of extensive natural resources is expected to drive the market for drilling fluids required in offshore oil and gas exploration and production.
North America continues to be the leading market for drilling fluids and accounted for over 55% of the global market in 2012. Growing exploration of shale gas in U.S. and Canada is expected to drive the market for drilling fluids over the forecast period. Central and South America is expected to be the fastest growing market for drilling fluids at a CAGR of 9.5% from 2012 to 2018. Enhanced drilling activity in offshore Brazil and Venezuela is anticipated to drive the market for drilling fluids in the region. Governmental support in the form of tax holidays and subsidies to E&P companies in order to encourage oil and gas production in India and China is expected to boost the drilling fluids market in Asia Pacific.
The global market for drilling fluids is highly concentrated as the top four companies together accounted for over 65% of the total market in 2012. Some of the major companies operating in the global market include Anchor Drilling, Baker Hughes, Canadian Energy Services, China Oilfield Services Limited, Halliburton, Newpark Drilling Fluids, Schlumberger and Weatherford
International among others.
This report segments the global drilling fluids market as follows:
Drilling Fluids Market: Product Segment Analysis
- Oil Based Fluids (OBFs)
- Synthetic Based Fluids (SBFs)
- Water Based Fluids (WBFs)
Drilling Fluids Market: Application Analysis
- Offshore Oil and Gas
- Onshore Oil and Gas
Drilling Fluids Market: Regional Analysis
- North America
- Europe
- Middle East and Africa
- Asia Pacific
- Central and South America
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business information reports and services. Our exclusive blend of quantitative forecasting and trends analysis provides forward-looking insight for thousands of decision makers. We are privileged with highly experienced team of Analysts, Researchers, and Consultants, who use proprietary data sources and various tools and techniques to gather, and analyze information.
Our data repository is continuously updated and revised by a team of research experts, so that it always reflects the latest trends and information. With a broad research and analysis capability, Transparency Market Research employs rigorous primary and secondary research techniques in developing distinctive data sets and research material for business reports.
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subset: commoncrawl


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Grizzlies Send Aggies Back Home on the Bus 47-14
After busing over 1,200 miles all the way to Missoula for a big payday, the Division II Oklahoma Panhandle State Aggies won a little respect from Montana Grizzly football fans by scoring 14 points against a team ranked in the FCS top 10.
The 3-0 Grizzlies only allowed their starters a few series, going up 38-0 just after the first quarter before freely substituting younger players, allowing them valuable in-game playing experience.
For example, quarterback Jordan Johnson was only 3 of 6 for 59 yards and one touchdown before back-ups Shay Smithwick-Hann, and eventually Brady Gustafson, came on to finish the game.
By far the biggest surprise for Montana was the emergence of two true freshmen. Twin Falls, Idaho kicker Ben Worst nailed a 50-yard field goal, and according to post-game comments from head coach Mick Delaney, has now won the starting job from struggling Chris Lider. Worst kicked two more field goals, and consistently put the ball in the end zone on kickoffs. He, along with fellow freshman running back John Nguyen, younger brother of former Grizzly Peter Nguyen, rushed for 145 yards, averaging 6.5 per carry.
Montana compiled 390 yards of total offense against 194 for the Aggies.
Coach Delaney emptied his bench, giving almost everyone on the squad a chance to play against the over-matched Aggies.
The Grizzlies will head to Flagstaff, Arizona on Saturday, September 28 to open the Big Sky Conference season at Northern Arizona, which beat Montana in Washington-Grizzly Stadium last year.


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On July 21, 2010, President Barack Obama signed the Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, known as Dodd-Frank, into law. The law had three broad goals: preventing bailouts, protecting the economy from the risk posed by the financial industry, and protecting consumers from bad financial products.
Signing the law was just the start. Dodd-Frank required regulators to create 398 new rules addressing everything from what kind of securities banks can trade to how investors can expect regulators to liquidate a failing financial firm. To date, according to attorneys at Davis Polk, regulators have finalized 108 rules and made 146 proposals; they must still make 144 proposals.
Nearly two years since the passage, more questions than answers abound about whether Dodd-Frank is achieving its goals.
The fact that nobody in Washington or New York can figure out whether or not the trading that spurred JPMorgan's multi-billion-dollar loss announcement in mid-May would have been prohibited by Dodd-Frank's "Volcker Rule" points up the confusion that continues to reign. Herewith are some additional humble unanswered questions.
Ending "Too Big to Fail"
One of Dodd-Frank's big tasks, in President Obama's words at the bill-signing ceremony, was to "put a stop to taxpayer bailouts once and for all." No institution should be too big to fail.
To that end, the law first directs a new "Financial Stability Oversight Council" (FSOC), made up of regulators from existing agencies such as the Treasury and Federal Reserve, to designate certain firms as "systemically important financial institutions" (SIFIs). Banks with $50 billion or more in assets automatically qualify as SIFIs. The FSOC is still determining which other banks, and which non-banks, will qualify. Questions include:
- What should regulators do with SIFIs?
- Should regulators break them up, require them to hold more capital and/or constrain their business activities relative to their smaller peers?
- Which firms are likely to receive SIFI designations?
- Will regulators determine that large money-market firms, hedge funds or insurers are systemically risky?
- Is a SIFI designation a signal to investors that a particular firm is, indeed, too big to fail?
- Could a small firm or a non-financial firm conceivably pose a systemic risk to the economy, and if so, how?
Second, the law invested the Treasury Department and the FDIC with an "orderly liquidation authority" through which regulators can wind down distressed financial companies outside of the traditional bankruptcy process. Two years in, observers are uncertain of what this provision means. Questions include:
- Do regulators have the authority to guarantee bondholders, counterparties and other creditors to a firm or any of its affiliates in a liquidation?
- If so, which creditors would regulators protect, and in what circumstances would they do so?
- Is it possible to predict such circumstances in advance?
- Can regulators use orderly liquidation authority to wind down a firm not previously designated a SIFI or even a financial company?
- In liquidation, would the law require regulators to respect creditor seniority?
- Is there a better approach to protecting the economy against systemic risk, perhaps by improving the bankruptcy law?
The best-known provision of Dodd-Frank is the Volcker Rule, named after the tall guy (and Carter/Reagan-era Fed chairman). To reduce the likelihood of bailouts, Dodd-Frank directed regulators to prohibit banks that take in FDIC-insured deposits from engaging in "proprietary trading." The purpose of the rule was to keep banks from using taxpayer-guaranteed funds to engage in short-term speculation. Last October, regulators proposed a 298-page text for the rule.
Even before JPMorgan made its trading-loss announcement and spurred a new round of debate about the Volcker Rule, many critics had said—both through the official comment process and in the media—that the language of the rule is unworkable, as it fails to distinguish, for example, between a bank purchasing securities in advance of customer demand and a bank purchasing securities in anticipation of a short-term price rise. Questions include:
- Could regulators improve the Volcker Rule by changing the language of the proposed text, or are their hands tied by the fact that the law explicitly allows for hedging of "aggregated" positions (that is, entire portfolios)?
- Does the Volcker Rule affect overseas subsidiaries of American banks—for example, the London operations of Goldman Sachs?
- What will be the consequences of compliance in terms of cost to financial institutions?
- Would the Volcker Rule affect capital markets' liquidity?
- If so, could rule-makers ameliorate the impact by changing the language?
- Do banks violate the Volcker Rule when they purchase legacy AIG securities from the Federal Reserve with plans to sell them on to customers for a profit?
Reducing "Systemic Risk"
The law also gave regulators powers to protect the economy from systemic risk—that is, the risk that broad swaths of the financial sector could fail all at once, taking the economy down, too. As the president said, the law would "bring the shadowy deals that caused this crisis into the light of day."
Dodd-Frank gave the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) the authority to regulate over-the-counter derivatives and/or swaps. Regulators have already completed much of their rule-making in this area. New rules will push "standardized" derivatives and swaps onto central counterparties (CCPs, or clearinghouses) and will require participants in this market to put up margin (a way of limiting their borrowing via incurring potential liabilities). Questions include:
- If the new rules were already in place, would they have blunted the over-the-counter trading that precipitated JPMorgan Chase's surprise loss, perhaps by requiring JPMorgan to put up more initial margin against its trades?
- Similarly, would the rules have prevented AIG's meltdown and bailout?
- If so, how?
- If not, why not?
- Do the new rules contain too many exemptions, for example for "end users" such as agriculture companies when it comes to margin requirements?
- If so, could an end user conceivably exploit these exemptions and pose systemic risk to the economy?
- Do the new rules introduce a risk that a CCP/clearinghouse will fail, requiring a government bailout?
- How will regulators ensure that "customized" over-the-counter derivatives (as opposed to "standardized") do not dominate the market?
- How will regulators and participants know if margin requirements on such custom derivatives are adequate?
- Is there a risk that much derivatives activity will move abroad, posing the same risk to the global economy? Can regulators address this risk?
To protect the economy further from financial meltdown, the law gave regulators several other powers. Regulators can now limit financial firms' exposure both to each other and to risks such as a large exposure to one company or one sector of the economy.
- Are such rules necessary?
- Will they reduce the pool available credit and/or increase credit's cost?
Furthermore, Dodd-Frank also requires regulators to stop relying on credit ratings when they set capital requirements.
- Will this mandate reduce systemic risk?
- If so, how?
- If regulators cannot rely on credit ratings, how should they determine the risk of an investment, or should regulators refrain from trying to make such a determination at all?
Protecting Consumers
Dodd-Frank created the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB), an autonomous arm of the Federal Reserve. The president's words were that the law would implement "common-sense reforms to protect consumers." One of the CFPB's tasks is to write rules to ensure that financial institutions treat individuals responsibly.
To that end, the CFPB is creating at least 19 rules to govern areas from private student lending to defaulted debt collection. By end-June, for example, the CFPB was set to create a rule to govern mortgage issuance, mandating that lenders ensure that a borrower can repay a mortgage loan over that loan's life; the agency will carve out an exemption for "qualified residential mortgages." The CFPB will create another rule governing how mortgage servicers communicate with borrowers on behalf of lenders and investors. Further, the CFPB was to release a June report on the private student-loan market, ahead of likely rule issuance on that topic as well.
- Observers have raised many questions about the CFPB, starting with its governance. One presidential appointee heads the bureau.
- Should the bureau instead have a commission at its head, as the SEC does?
- Can the CFPB preempt state consumer-fraud laws?
- If so, when?
- Should Congress amend Dodd-Frank to make it clear that information financial institutions share with the CFPB remains confidential?
Questions having to do with the rules that the CFPB will create to achieve its goal of protecting consumers include:
- Can financial firms simplify their credit-card, mortgage and other disclosures to customers without running afoul of other disclosure regulations?
- Will mortgage servicers face liability for inadequate communication with borrowers?
- If so, what kind of liability?
- Will rules governing mortgage issuance and possibly private student-loan issuance affect the mortgage market?
- If so, how?
- Will rules governing debt collections affect financial firms' ability to sell bad debts to third parties?
- What kind of liability could financial firms face for such sales, particularly, for example, when financial firms sell debt that has already been repaid or is otherwise legally uncollectible?
- How will the CFPB govern payday lenders and rent-to-own lenders, if at all?
Moreover, observers may wonder if the CFPB's authority is adequate, given its mandate. For example, in the past two decades, consumers have gotten into deep debt in two areas: government-guaranteed housing finance and government-guaranteed student-loan finance. Yet the CFPB has no authority in these areas. Questions include:
- Should the CFPB have such authority?
- If not, is there a risk that the CFPB, in regulating only a tiny portion of the lending market, will push private markets in these areas out of business even as government lending markets grow?
- Should Congress allow borrowers of private student loan debt to declare bankruptcy, allowing the market risk of loss to govern such lending, rather than new regulations?
The CFPB also raises a philosophical issue. Congress has mandated the agency to police "abusive" practices.
- What does it mean to be abusive in finance?
- Is a high interest rate alone abusive?
- Is a "payment protection" program for credit-card borrowers automatically abusive, for instance, in that it is likely a bad economic deal for most people who sign up for the service?
Missing Pages/Unfinished Business
Dodd-Frank left untouched many of the elements that led to the financial and economic crisis.
Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac continue to exist. Together with the Federal Housing Administration, they now back virtually all new mortgages. The SEC and the CFTC are still two separate agencies. Congress has given little thought to whether regulators could better enforce existing laws. On unfinished business, questions include:
- Should Congress direct regulatory agencies to merge?
- If so, which ones would be good candidates for mergers?
- How can Congress better ensure enforcement of pre-existing laws—for example, laws against fraud, and laws to ensure the segregation of customer accounts at brokerage firms such as MF Global?
- Can Dodd-Frank protect the economy absent reform of Fannie and Freddie and of the government student-loan market?
- Is there a risk that more financial activity will simply recede into the "shadow banking" industry or overseas?
- Did or can Dodd-Frank address this risk?
- Can Dodd-Frank work well within the framework of Basel III, which governs global financial regulation?


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Last Game vs. Colorado Rapids
Earthquakes 4, Colorado Rapids 1; Oct. 6, 2012; Dick's Sporting Goods Park in Commerce City, Colo.
Chris Wondolowski tallied a hat trick in the Earthquakes' 4-1 win against the Colorado Rapids. The trio of goals also moved the iconic striker past Ronald Cerritos for the club's all-time goal-scoring record with 62. Despite playing on the road at altitude on a frigid Denver night, the Earthquakes bolted out of the gate for a dominant performance. They didn't wait long to open the scoring as Marvin Chavez slammed home a ball laid off by Wondolowski from the edge of the area in the second minute. The goal was Chavez's second of the season. Wondolowski accounted for San Jose's final three goals for his second hat trick and sixth multi-goal game of the season. His first came in the 11th minute as Chavez sprung Rafael Baca down the left sideline before the second-year midfielder placed a cross inside the Rapids' 6-yard box. Wondolowski was waiting on the doorstep and chested in a 2-0 lead. The Danville native doubled his haul early in the second half, pounding a shot on target that deflected off a Colorado defender and into the goal. After Alan Gordon drew crossbar with a shot in the 62nd minute, Wondolowski went ahead and capped his hat trick in the 83rd. Sam Cronin threaded the needle to find the Budweiser Golden Boot leader open behind Colorado's back line before Wondolowski turned and fired for his 25th goal of the season. The Rapids scored their goal in the 92nd minute after Jason Hernandez was whistled for a foul in the area. Hernandez received a red card for the infraction and Andre Akpan netted the spot kick to round out the 4-1 result.
COL: Andre Akpan (Unassisted), 92.
SJ: Marvin Chavez (Unassisted), 2; Chris Wondolowski (Rafael Baca, Marvin Chavez), 11; Chris Wondolowski (Unassisted), 51; Chris Wondolowski (Sam Cronin), 83.
COL: Pickens (Beus, 69), Moor, Freeman (Hill, 45), Zapata, Wynne, Thomas, Rivero, Mullan, Larentowicz (Cascio, 45), Cummings, Akpan
SJ: Busch, Beitashour, Hernandez, Corrales, Morrow, Chavez (Stephenson, 84), Baca, Cronin, Wondolowski, Lenhart (Alexandre, 88), Gordon (Salinas, 67)
Colorado Rapids Scouting Report
Colorado (4-4-3, 15 pts.) enters Buck Shaw Stadium fourth in the Western Conference. After missing the MLS Cup Playoffs in 2012, the Rapids have added a few new pieces, including rookies Deshorn Brown and Dillon Powers, former LA Galaxy target man Edson Buddle and veteran forward Atiba Harris. The group has contributed to an improved start to Colorado's 2013 campaign with Brown, Buddle and Powers leading the squad with two goals apiece. In their last outing, Colorado knocked off the Columbus Crew 2-0 on the road. Buddle and Powers netted the goals while goalkeeper Clint Irwin made seven saves for his fourth clean sheet of the season.
History of the Earthquakes-Rapids Rivalry
The two teams played for the first time in 1996 and the Quakes swept the four-game season series, outscoring Colorado 9-3 in the process … In 1997 Colorado won three of four and swept the Quakes in two games at San Jose … Colorado dominated again in 1998 and had a memorable win at Stanford where they edged the Earthquakes 4-3 in penalty kicks … The Earthquakes returned the favor and beat Colorado 4-3 in penalty kicks in the first match of 1999 and they split the season series 2-2 … 2000 saw the teams split the series again with the Earthquakes winning the first two meetings … on August 25, 2001 the Earthquakes scored three goals in four minutes for their second win of the year against the Rapids. Manny Lagos scored his second goal of the match on an assist from Junior Agogo. Two minutes later Landon Donovan scored on an assist from Ian Russell. Then in the 40th minute Donovan assisted Agogo for the fourth goal. The Quakes added one more and then cruised to a 5-2 victory … In 2002 the teams split the series … In 2003 the Quakes opened the season at Colorado and Brian Ching scored 53 seconds into the match and theQuakes were victorious 2-1 … 2004 began an unbeaten streak in which the Earthquakes did not lose to the Rapids from 2004-2010. The Quakes were 8-0-4 during thestreak before losing 1-0 on August 7, 2010 … The two teams met again in the 2010 Eastern Conference Finals, but the Rapids beat the Quakes 1-0 on their way to winning the MLS Cup … The Quakes were unable to beat the Rapids last year, with the Rapids defeating the Quakes 2-1 on August 13, 2011 at Buck Shaw Stadium, and the sides tying 1-1 on September 24, 2011 at Dick's Sporting Goods Park … The Earthquakes swept their three games vs. Colorado in 2012, outscoring the Rapids 10-3 in the process.
Earthquakes - Colorado Rapids Connections
Rapids midfielder Pablo Mastroeni played briefly in 1998with Quakes midfielder Ramiro Corrales for the Miami Fusion and on the U.S.National Team with Quakes goalkeeper Jon Busch on March 9, 2005 against Colombia … Earthquakes midfielder Brad Ring (2005-08) and Rapids defender Drew Moor (2003-04) attended the University of Indiana … Rapids goalkeeper Matt Pickens played with Quakes goalkeeper Jon Busch in 2007 with Chicago ... Rapids midfielder Brian Mullan played with the Earthquakes from 2003-05 and playedwith Chris Wondolowski in Houston from 2006-09 … Rapids forward Edson Buddle was the runner-up to Wondolowski in the 2010 Budweiser Golden Boot race as a member of the LA Galaxy … Buddle was a teammate of Earthquakes goalkeeper Jon Busch with the Columbus Crew from 2002-05 … Earthquakes defender Nana Attakora and Buddle played for Toronto FC in 2007 … Buddle also played with Earthquakes forward Alan Gordon from 2007-10 for the LA Galaxy … Earthquakes midfielder Mehdi Ballouchy played for the Rapids from 2007-10, notching seven goals and 18 assists in 77 appearances … Earthquakes defender Dan Gargan began his career with the Colorado Rapids as a fourth round pick in the 2005 MLS Supplemental Draft; Gargan had three assists in 49 appearances from 2005-08 … Gargan played with Rapids forward Atiba Harris for Chivas USA in 2008 … Harris also played alongside Earthquakes midfielder Shea Salinas for Vancouver Whitecaps FC in2011 and Earthquakes midfielder Marvin Chavez for FC Dallas in 2009 and 2010 … Both Harris and Ballouchy started their careers with Real Salt Lake in 2006, playing two years with the Utah squad before parting ways … Earthquakes forward Adam Jahn and Rapids defender Kory Kindle area both from the Sacramento area … San Jose defender Justin Morrow and Colorado midfielder Dillon Powers are both Notre Dame alumni … Earthquakes players Walter Martinez, Victor Bernardez and Marvin Chavez and Rapids midfielder Hendry Thomas have each represented theHonduran national team … Chavez and Rapids defender Drew Moor played together for FC Dallas in 2009 … Moor, Salinas and Earthquakes midfielder Sam Garza each grew up in the Dallas area.
Earthquakes All-Time Leaders vs. Colorado Rapids
Forward Chris Wondolowski has seven goals and one assist in 12 games against … Forward Alan Gordon has five goals in 16 games … Defender Ramiro Corrales has five assists in 34 games … Midfielder Marvin Chavez has one goal and four assists in eight games … Goalkeeper Jon Busch is 7-7-4 with three shutouts in 18 games.
Colorado Rapids All-Time Leaders vs. Earthquakes
Forward Edson Buddle has nine goals in 16 games … Midfielder Nick LaBrocca has one goal and one assist in 10 games … Midfielder Pablo Mastroeni has two assists in 22 games.


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I Feel My Savior's Love
1. I feel my Savior's love
In all the world around me.
His Spirit warms my soul
Through ev'rything I see.
2. I feel my Savior's love;
Its gentleness enfolds me,
And when I kneel to pray,
My heart is filled with peace.
3. I feel my Savior's love
And know that he will bless me.
I offer him my heart;
My shepherd he will be.
4. I'll share my Savior's love
By serving others freely.
In serving I am blessed.
In giving I receive.
He knows I will follow him,
Give all my life to him.
I feel my Savior's love,
The love he freely gives me.
Text: Ralph Rodgers
Music: K. Newell Dayley


text:
Search Constraints
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1. Wrecks and Obstructions, Northeast United States, 2010
2010. United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, United States. Department of Commerce, United States. National Ocean Service, and Coastal Services Center (U.S.). The Automated Wreck and Obstruction Information System (AWOIS) is an automated file that contains information on wrecks and obstructions, and other... Coastal Services Center (U.S.).


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It's stylish, quiet, environmentally friendly, and innovative, but is the Eggasus everything it's cracked up to be? The mysterious egg-shaped vehicle is set to be launched sometime this fall.
As it stands, very little is known about this eco-friendly car or the people who have designed it. On their website, www.eggasus.com, they claim they have been in the prototype and "specialty gas and electric vehicles for over 25 years". The mission of the Eggasus designers is simple which is "to create a vehicle for the future today. Zero emission with an eye catching, out-of-this-world design, Eggasus moves you quietly from place to place or building to building in an all-weather enclosure."
The Eggasus is a personal transporter with a futuristic design. It is meant to be used in congested urban areas, campuses, and as a rolling billboard. It's basically a 3 wheel scooter with an enclosure around it to protect the driver from the elements. It was a finalist in the "Manufacturing & High Tech" section of the Sierra Nevada Innovation Challenge, which is hosted by Innovate North State, a public/private partnership to build economic development for rural northern California. In the challenge, competitors had six minutes to convince the judges of their particular genre why their product will revolutionize the industry. Below, is a short embedded video showing off the "eggs"traordinary vehicle.
The Eggasus team has decided to fund their project using the social media route. They have posted a $50,000 goal on Indiegogo. You can help fund them at http://www.indiegogo.com/eggasus?c=home. The vehicle appears to be going for a starting price of around $5000. To be honest, it is hard for me to get real "eggs"cited about Eggasus because there are so many questions left unanswered. Hopefully, they will get more specifications about the vehicle posted on their website soon.


text: Perfectly balanced for personal and professional use Compact and light: under 1" thick and less than 2Kg Genuine Windows® 7 Ultimate Genuine Windows® 7 Professional World's most compact 14" notebook! Highly durable materials and build quality for portable use New 3rd generation Intel® Core™i3/i5/i7 processor and Integrated Intel® HD Graphics 4000 Up to 8 hours of battery life Shop Modal header Driving power Standard voltage CPUs offer unmitigated computing performance in a compact form factor, with the U47 now featuring 3rd generation Intel® Core™ i3/i5/i7 processors with Ivy Bridge technology. Everything from business multitasking to premium multimedia entertainment runs faster and smoother, aided by aided by Integrated Intel® HD Graphics 4000. Combined, these power features turn the U47 into a versatile and capable notebook that can easily handle productivity, leisure, and even gaming. Intel® WiDi support allows for the easy streaming of content from the notebook to a large screen HDTV, and ASUS has added exclusive USB Charger+ to enable quick recharging of all your USB-based mobile devices, even with the U47 powered off! Elegant and slim aesthetics The great power of the U47 is matched by its looks, which center on an ultra-thin profile less than 1" thick. By using aluminum, engineers have been able to achieve a light notebook that weighs under 2Kg, while retaining extreme durability for those who are always on the move. This strength extends to the screen, which uses reinforced glass to resist pressure and damage: also ideal for travelers. Adding an artistic touch, the aluminum cover presents a finely-etched brushed hairline finish, while the keyboard uses a seamless one-piece design for an improved tactile experience that is also more precise and reliable. Further meticulous engineering has resulted in a very thin bezel (or margin) around the 14" screen, allowing it to fit in a chassis smaller than many 13"-paneled notebooks. Empower the professional U While offering superior multimedia, the U47 was designed with extensive business and professional use in mind, and is thus a smooth multitasker. It comes with a slew of features that support presentations and information sharing, plus offers an always attractive notebook that looks great in even the most formal occasions. The screen is especially important, using anti-glare materials for better viewing by several people and fingerprint resistance to keep it neat and clear. The clickpad has been enhanced with more intuitive gesture input, and for a full day's work, the battery can readily last up to 8 hours, so you don't need to interrupt your productivity with hassle-some recharging sessions.


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Back in May, the Chanel Cruise 2013 collection was shown at the magical Château de Versailles, where designer Karl Lagerfeld brought us feelings of eighteenth century opulence. The show itself was exactly the kind of visual magic that Chanel runway shows are known for, with the long line up of models overtaking the gardens of Versailles.
The collection has now made its way to the Chanel showroom in New York, and earlier this week, Vlad and I were able to take a close look at the clothing and accessories. Chanel had flown in two models who walked in the show to model looks from the collection, but naturally, I went immediately to the accessory section. The collection is full of cotton candy pastels finished with beautiful hardware and...well, see it for yourself after the jump.
Light colors that are both neutral and whimsical were shown, as well as floral and baroque details. Tiny bags in spring colors were situated among the classic bags and newer versions of recent favorites. Chanel always has a way to draw me in and remind me why its one of the most sought after luxury houses, the beauty translates flawlessly into the designs. I'm already dreaming of this collection and choosing which pieces I can add to my daily handbag repertoire. Browse our gallery for a close look at what Chanel has to offer for Cruise 2013.


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In Memoriam
Midnapore had taken a pioneering role in India's freedom struggle. a large number of freedom fighters who had bravely faced the gallows are the sons of the soil of midnapore. In order to free their motherland of the yokes of bondage, They had willingly sacrificed themselves in the freedom pyre. Their heroic feats have been inscribed in the bricks and stones of temples, mosques and churches of the land.
This website is a tribute to them and to their motherland.
Birendranath Sasmal
The Uncrowned King'! The Black Bull'! Deshpran'! The titles given to him by the people, out of love, appreciation and admiration, speak volumes of the man who said, For whom shall Ilive,if not for the people ? and who, when the European S.D.O. of Contai threatened to make the town a second Jalianwalabag,said to his face that then he would be the first person to lay bare his bosom for the British bullet. More » -------------------------
(Courtesy : contai.info)
Khudiram Bose and Prafulla Chaki
The Statesman: May 2, 1908 The railway station was crowded to see the boy. A mere boy of 18 or 19 years old, who looked quite determined.
He came out of a first class compartment and walked all the way to phaeton, kept for him outside, like a cheerful boy who knows no anxiety
on taking his seat the boy lustily cried Bandemataram'.
Kesori: May 5, 1908 The remedies suggested by the Anglo Indian Press is sure to fail
as these have failed in Russia and elsewhere.
Prakash: May 5, 1908 The English have been greatly frightened at the change which this engine of destruction has wrought in the politics of the country.
Punjabee: May 6, 1908 It shows the depth of intensity More »
Main Khudiram Bose Hum More »


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TreeView Accessibility
The TreeView is accessible by screen readers and provides WAI-ARIA, Section 508, WCAG 2.1, and keyboard support.
For more information, refer to:
The component follows the WAI-ARIA Authoring Practices for implementing the keyboard navigation for its component role and is tested against the popular screen readers. For more information, refer to the article on WAI-ARIA support in Telerik UI for ASP.NET Core.
Section 508
The TreeView is compliant with the Section 508 requirements. For more information, refer to the article on Section 508 support in Kendo UI for ASP.NET Core.
The TreeView supports the standards for providing accessible web content which are set by the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 2.1. For more information, refer to the article on WCAG 2.1 compliance in UI for ASP.NET Core


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Opinion: Are Stocks Hot or Not?
Editorial board member Steve Moore on whether investors should be wary of the stock market tear. Photos: Getty Images
This transcript has been automatically generated and may not be 100% accurate.
... we'll you're enjoying a day six of the sequester here to tell us so ... all Americans in the financial markets in particular are ... coping with a modest reduction in federal spending is our own Steve Moore for our wash and Europe Steve thanks for being here ... I just ... so don't are on day six I kept the sea of to-six Avenue right now in the New York but as far as I know there are no on sequester casualties of lying in the street right now on how a ... house the country had generally are coping with a modest decline in spending or ... well we have a little blizzard going on here in wash DC but I don't think the by about one ... of this cluster although some people I wonder what the snore Global ... is acting as quickly as it should dividends ... some people putting that on the back of the sequester like a ... baby I've interesting thing about what's happened in the op and for five days since the sequester when into a fact is that the stock market has gone on the ball ... and you know what's interesting about that is that we mentioned it in our editorial today though most of the Rus of the media has really made any connection between the sequester ... and the stock car market boom and I will guarantee you this change if the market and the Dow five hundred points of the five hundred point there's no doubt they were to blame that on the sequester absolutely ... we as we each other in the graphic in you mention the ... new record in the Dow yesterday and we see the Dow arising again today ... this would suggest that most people don't buy the ... beast what has become the standard argument certainly in the Obama administration but even much of Washington that ... government spending for its economic growth ... writer that's why we've been making for years in years and especially the last few weeks ... about this is kind of the superstition of watching down on a lot of academics ... in odd and economics feel I'm not saying by the way that the sequester's causing the market to go through the roof what I'm saying is that ... the market is is is not paying any attention to this ... partly because as we've said this is a trivial cajas this is ... you know at most fifty billion dollars now weighs in at sixteen trillion dollar economy you would really expect ... any any reaction from from business or markets from that I think I'm it's a slight positive because at least it says that the financial markets and has spent at least we're going to do something even if it's small about this tapas ... yarn I was can we disagree with you because I don't think it's un has largely been ignored but but when ... as you said that the and there are some of ... some slight positive in that ... write at least in the ... sense that the the aircraft carrier is possibly may be beginning I turn here ... and my question me now is what might come of this week the president seems to have ... lost around here warning about doom if there were even moderates ridge restraint on federal spending ... that didn't happen ... marketing shrugging it off ... I ... growth in the stock prices continues I what is the political impact now of what appears to be a sequester loss for the president ... what was happening politically is the price is way overplayed its hand in the last ten days or so he was kind of winning this political buy it only started saying by the way you have to wait ninety minutes that the operator of playing Consumer Napoli up air traffic controllers there was a story is you know yesterday that the I've that the White House's can capsule audio tours of the White House and in what crazy thing they caught rather than all the waste in the budget I think a lot Americans are rolling their eyes and say ... this is not the president is really very serious about getting rid of a lot of the waste and inefficiency and duplication in government what he's trying to do is cut the things that are most visible and signs that now that said James I'm not as bullish as some of you there are about whether the Republicans are the whole ... rather position ... because you know as this goes out week after week month after month I think this kind of propaganda campaign will continue and will see whether the Republicans haven't stiffen up spine to stand up to that ... well I just wonder though with the more people learn ... as them as the discussion ... focuses on federal spending and the president I don't fear the cup white stores ... inevitably is going good ... I would think lead to more focus ... on the White House budget it's a ... it's a part of our non rational preparations it's in the general category of ... executive office of the president and I would include things like his office of Management and budget ... I'm not sure how much detail the White House's get one a share on what exactly they spend on what ... but that led to the extent and ... that there is a focus on and on the matter of spending there and whether it's grown over time I would ... I would think this could be a continuing vulnerability for Mr. of I ... think it's silly but it you know I think the other big mistake the White House made in any kind of political trump card ... that the Republicans played was like this said Mr. press that will give you the authority of these agencies to make the cuts so that you don't have a couple things that really matter like the air traffic control system and a Coast Guard ... and you know what the presence of Ottawa did that I want flexibility because I wanna be able to tell the people said ... they believed me caught the things that Americans really care about so again this is a political tug a war right now I think right now ... I get up to get the ax to the Republicans ... both in our worship there's little we've been talking about the federal policy obviously in the present Obama has made it clear on ... his I answered in just about every problem is to raise taxes what's been ... very surprising is that ... it's ... a tax increase and of being the answer as well for the ... Republican governor of Virginia Bob McDonnell we've we've still been on trying to figure out how this happened and the ... andthe how Mr. McDonald ... I've decided that the tax increase was in the interests of the state ... aam and and then his party is well in part a figure but that we see our new say wash impose saying that that Mr McDonnell is ... not going to be invited to us effectively gut conservative political action conference on ... happening soon in Washington ... aam is this that this seems to many of the perfectly ... reasonable for the organizers of this and that the juices they chose not to invite Governor Chris Christie of New Jersey of both of these kinds of ... light Liikanen moving to the left but apparently this is now a controversial issue of but it seems that doesn't invite all of the Republicans that might be presidential contenders ... well you know ... I love the idea I live in Virginia I think it's up hauling what happened with the budget with this huge tax increase in a lot of us feel very betrayed by Bob McDonnell five because he basically said he would raise taxes now we have one of the biggest tax increases and the state's history but I actually disagree with you little and I had to think how we just invited to seek out what income ladder make his case let's see how the Conservatives there'll be thousands of concern is that let's see how they respond to this I mean that I think it would be kind of an interesting thing to have in common to defend this what I think is really personally I did a Constable with that which is this giant tax breaks ... so our it becomes any gets booed that would be a message right I mean so what they're trying to do is to you out ... of favor people are pushing conservative policies in an attempt marginalize ... those who are in the odd since they are not an official Republican ... party organization I mean why should they feel they need to include the Republican establishment if you well ... nah lad with you on that I mean I have updated this into an organization we believe the right of association they can invite anybody they want to violent point is I'd be really interested to see what kind of reception ... of Bob McDonald by the way six months ago a lot of us were talking about him as a potential presidential candidate ... I personally believe discloses chances are being priced or BP but who knows what's gonna happen I will by the way I will be speaking at the cafe next looking into ... the sch ... it's obviously a move by C battered or so hundred percent so ... so good for them are very wise


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For new releases go to
As we transition to our new site, you'll still find some Stats NZ information here on this archive site.
Note: All figures are for families in occupied private dwellings.
This data has been randomly rounded to protect confidentiality. Individual figures may not add up to totals, and values for the same data may vary in different text, tables, and graphs.


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CREW TV brings you closer to the industry's
most influential leaders and thinkers. Click on the videos below to watch the interviews:
Emil Kiriakos -- voted IU.S.Investor of the Year at the Top Investor Awards in Toronto -- was ahead of the growing migration of Canadians going south to grow their portfolios. He's used that head start to his advance, something reflected in this latest accolade, he says.
Perkins Coie is pleased to announce that Devin P. McComb has joined the firm's Seattle office as a partner in the Real Estate & Land Use practice
Grimsby skyline to be reshaped by tallest buildings in city: two-tower residential complex
Connect Asset Management Challenges the Financial Community to Invest in Downtown Toronto Real Estate for a Good Cause


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In the summer of 2008 when the term "gluten" first entered my realm of awareness, I was enjoying a lifetime of excellent health except for the occasional cold or flu. In the summer of 2009 I was devastated to be diagnosed with a chronic and progressive kidney disease called Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (or simply, FSGS) w/nephrotic syndrome. Like celiac disease, FSGS is an inflammatory disease, enflaming and scarring the glomeruli, or filtering system, of the kidneys. It was also that summer that I discovered that eliminating gluten from my diet put my disease into spontaneous, full remission, an extremely rare occurrence. I am on no medication, and have better health than ever before. Because of my fortune of getting my life back in short order, I want to share my experience with others so that others can be aware that eating gluten free does not only benefit those with celiac disease.
How did I get so lucky to go from health to serious illness back to health in a short period of time?
In the summer of 2008, as is increasingly common, my college dorm mate from 1981-82 and roommate from 1983-84 at Indiana University located me on Facebook, and we began conversing. While we met in the heartland of the US nearly 30 years ago, we found ourselves living on opposite coasts 24 years later. While I had enjoyed excellent health, my friend revealed that, after a lifetime of suffering, she had been diagnosed with celiac disease two years earlier and was eating a gluten free diet. Remembering our pizza and beer days in college and her subsequent belly aches, it all made sense. I had never heard of "gluten" or "celiac disease" but I educated myself after learning of her diagnosis. We grew closer, and have taken several vacations together since then. While with her, out of support, I ate gluten free with her. I also gave up beer altogether that summer, as it's one thing she said she sorely missed. Little did I know that eating gluten free with her was merely a dress rehearsal for what was to become my lifestyle less than a year later out of a need to save my own life.
My health crashed & burned in the summer of 2009. I didn't see it coming. I had seemingly sudden and unexplained weight gain caused by edema, hypertension, and high cholesterol. All signs pointed to a kidney problem, so I immediately put myself on a renal diet that happened to be nearly gluten free. A renal biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of FSGS with nephrotic syndrome. While my nephrologist said to me "there's no cause and therefore idiopathic," I retorted, "there is a cause, but you just don't know what it is." He conceded that I had a point.
I poured over the internet, researching every possible thing I could find about the disease and possible causes. My older sister and my friend did the same. I went to subsequent visits to my nephrologist with 30-45 minutes worth of questions and theories to discuss with him. An open-minded and patient nephrologist, he addressed all of my questions. He was able to rule out several theories and eventually said "the cause of the disease doesn't matter because the treatment is the same." Prednisone. I told him the cause of the disease mattered to me because, if I could figure it out, I could treat the cause and not need to take Prednisone. Prednisone, as he said, is not a benign drug and is only effective in a minority of people with FSGS. My research showed me the same discouraging statistics. Most people with the disease eventually progressed to End Stage Renal Disease, requiring dialysis and transplant. Stubbornly I refused to accept this was my future and refused to accept that I couldn't figure out the cause and a solution.
It was during that time of diagnosis, doing research, checking out theories, going for follow-up tests, that my friend found stories of others with kidney disease who had gone into, and stayed in, remission merely by going on a gluten free diet. She sent me a link to these stories, and I decided instantly to go gluten free, which I did. Because of her bringing my awareness to what this means, and because of my time spent practicing the diet with her, it was an easy decision and an easy transition.
Within five weeks, my tests showed that I was in full, spontaneous remission. It's important to note that I had already been eating mostly gluten free for three months prior to this full commitment and was already showing vast improvement. It's important to have a long view when giving this diet a try. My nephrologist called my improvement "remarkable" and "fabulous". We checked again a month later, and I was even more into the healthy range. Six months later at a follow up visit, my numbers showed healthier than many healthy people without kidney disease. My nephrologist envies my blood pressure and cholesterol. Today I am still in full remission, on no medication, and still gluten free.
While a gluten free diet may help virtually all with celiac disease, it may help only some with chronic kidney disease and other medical conditions. It is not widely known, even by nephrologists, and it is not widely studied. Through word-of-mouth, I have been encouraging others with kidney disease to try this very safe diet, and I am aware of two children and two adults with kidney disease who have gone into remission as a result. Others did not see any improvement or saw unexpected improvements such as weight loss, arthritic pain gone, and insomnia cured.
I send these updates from others to my nephrologist, and he said he is suggesting to others to try a gluten free diet.
I encourage others with renal disease to try a 100% gluten free diet for months or even a couple years in the event that it helps restore health to normal levels. Once you develop new habits and you figure out where to buy the foods you like, it's easy to do. The diet is very healthy; we don't need gluten to live. The diet won't hurt, and it may help save lives. It saved mine.
Author Information: Denise Stevens
"After being diagnosed with a progressive kidney disease, Denise went into spontaneous, full remission on a gluten free diet. Her goal is to spread the word so that others may benefit by trying the same. She likes to say eating gluten free isn't just for celiac disease anymore."


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At Pfizer we apply science and our global resources to bring therapies that extend and significantly improve the lives of people. We strive to set the standard for quality, safety and value in the discovery, development and manufacture of healthcare products. Our global portfolio includes medicines and vaccines as well as many of the world's best known consumer healthcare products. Every day, Pfizer colleagues work across developed and emerging markets to advance wellness, prevention, treatments and cures that challenge the most feared diseases of our time. Consistent with our responsibility as one of the world's premier innovative biopharmaceutical companies, we collaborate with healthcare providers, governments and local communities to support and expand access to reliable, affordable healthcare around the world. For more than 150 years Pfizer has worked to make a difference for all who rely on us.
that change patients' lives
Pfizer South Africa's vision of "living our full potential in striving for a healthier Southern Africa" forms part of Pfizer's ethos whereby every Southern African should have access to quality healthcare.
At Pfizer South Africa we are dedicated to the improvement of human life and the battle against disease & disability.
We have a leading portfolio of products and medicines that support wellness and prevention, as well as treatment and cures for diseases across a broad range of therapeutic areas.
Pfizer is considered one of the largest research-based pharmaceutical companies. Through our people; our research; our knowledge our products and our community partnerships, we seek to save, prolong and enhance the lives of South Africans. In addition, setting the standard for quality, safety and value in terms of research, development and manufacture of medicines for humans is key.
Pfizer has launched a new look website that incorporates a streamlined navigation and content structure that makes the site more user-friendly and easier to navigate.
Pfizer Inc. announced today that it has entered into an agreement with The Biovac Institute (Biovac), a Public Private Partnership between the South African government and the Biovac Consortium, to locally manufacture Pfizer's innovative pneumococcal vaccine...
At Pfizer we have a proud tradition of ensuring that the communities in which we live and work benefit from our investment and value of communities through unique partnerships. Throughout the world Pfizer contributes to local charitable programs that provide health care in poor urban and rural areas and support communities' most vulnerable members, including children, women and the elderly.
Pfizer's corporate responsibility activities are focused on investing the full range of our resources; people; skills; expertise; and funding to broaden access to medicines and strengthen healthcare delivery for underserved people around the world. Several of Pfizer's corporate public health partnerships have had a positive impact on healthcare in South Africa.
Pfizer's vision of "Living our full potential in striving for a healthier Southern Africa", defines how we see ourselves as a pharmaceutical company and a corporate citizen. At Pfizer we are committed to helping people improve their health by discovering and developing medicines.
When you work for Pfizer, you will work for an organisation that earns respect from society by acting with integrity and driving efforts all over the world to help patients, protect the environment, and foster economic growth.
You will work in a culture that encourages innovation and thoughtful risk-taking, emphasizes trustworthy, collaborative work relationships and strives to give each colleague the support and resources necessary to build a successful, meaningful career.