text:
Crystal violet – hydroxide ion reaction rate law determination
Chemical kinetics is the study of the rates of chemical reactions. The rate of a chemical reaction describes how fast a reaction takes place, or in other words, how fast the reactant and product concentrations change. Factors such as reactant concentration, temperature, and presence of a catalyst effect reaction rate.
In this experiment, we examine the effects of changes in initial reactant concentration on reaction rate. Usually, an increase in reactant concentration causes an increase in reaction rate. This is because the more reactant molecules that are in a given volume of reaction mixture, the greater the likelihood that the molecules will collide and react. The purpose of the experiment is to determine the complete (including k with units) rate law for the reaction.
specific reaction rate we study is this experiments that of crystal
violet dye,
and hydroxide ion,
Crystal violet is purple, whilst both
We use a rate law to describe the dependence of a reaction rate on the corresponding reactant concentration. For the general reaction of two reactants, R and Q to form product P (R + Q --> P) we define its rate law as
rate = k [R]x[Q]y
The proportionality constant, k, is called the rate constant, [R], and [Q] are the molar concentrations of R and Q, x and y are the orders in respect to the two reactants.
The order with respect to a reactant quantifies the effect of charges in the concentration of just that reactant on the reaction rate. They are not necessarily the coefficients in the balanced chemical equation.
To use the graphic method for determining reaction order with respect to a specific reactant, we must plot changes in the concentration of that reactant against time. We begin by measuring the concentration of that reactant, [R], during the course of a controlled reaction in which we keep all factors as constant as possible. One technique for achieving this consistency is to use a large excess of the other reactant, Q. During the course of the reaction, only a relatively tiny portion of the excess reactant Q will be consumed, so its concentration will remain relatively constant. Thus, any changes in the reaction rate will be due only to the decreasing concentration of R.
Once we have obtained the concentration data for reactant R under such controlled conditions, we plot the data, using the following graphics treatments, no more than one of which can yield a straight line graph: [R] versus time (true if the reactions is zeroth order in R), ln[R] vs time (straight of 1st order in R), or 1/[R] vs. time(straight of 2nd order in R). Remember, Beer's law coorelates Abs and concentration (A =ebc) Knowing e = 5.0 x 104 L/(cm mol) and b = 1 cm for this experiment, you can convert (or have Excel do it) each Abs measurement into concentration. We can then simply plot [] vs. time, ln [] vs. time, and 1/[] vs. time. Hopefully one of them will be linear and we will have the order of reaction for crystal violet determined.
So this graphical
method procedure works swimmingly for determining the order of reaction
for the
colored reactant, crystal violet. But what about the order of reaction
for the
We will need to know the rate of reaction of the 0.100 M run and the rate of reaction of the 0.05 M reaction. The slope of the [] vs. time line is in fact the reaction rate. So we just conmpare those slopes, and holefully they will be something convient in comparison to one another (the same, double, 4x, whatever)
In this
experiment, we investigate the rate of reaction between crystal violet
In the
first trial, we will mix a crystal violet solution with an
We will then
do a second trial, changing only the initial
1. Pick out your spectrometer and get it set up. Calibrate, set for 1 reading/second and collect data for 240 seconds.
2. Using a volumetric pipet, put 5.00 mL of 0.050 M NaOH solution in a clean dry test tibe. Obtain 5.00 mL of 1.5 x 10-5 M crystal violet into a second dry test tube.
4. To begin the reaction, pour the samples of crystal violet and NaOH together and pour back and forth 3 times (to mix). Start you timer immediately upon first mixing.
5. After the solution is mixed, rinse a cuvet twice with a small amount of the reaction mixture. Then fill the cuvet and dry the outside.
6. Place the cuvet in the spectrometer and start the Abs-time readings at exactly 90 seconds past the time the solutions were mixed.
7. After the run, process the saved data as explained on the data sheet.
8. Repeat steps 2 through 7 with 5.0 mL of 0.100 M NaOH and 5.0 mL of 1.5 x 10-5 M crystal violet.
10. Open a data file in MS Excel, create 1 graph containing three sets of data, A vs. time, Ln A vs. time, 1/A vs. time for the lower concentration run (0.050 M NaOH) . Make sure you add a trend line and R2 value to each line. They should all be well labeled. A second graph of just A vs. time is needed for the second (0.100M NaOH) run.
1. Write a very brief summary of the
entire procedure. It should be less than 5 sentences.
2. The following data were obtained for the reaction: 2 NO2(g)-->2 NO(g) + 1 O2(g)
time (s)
ln [NO2]
a. Determine the ln [NO2]
and 1/[NO2] for each data point.
b. Make a computer generated graph of [NO2] vs time, ln [NO2] vs time, and 1/[NO2] vs time. (one graph, 3 lines) Determine the slope and R2 value of each line. Here is a screencast showing you how to do the graphs.
c. Which graph yields the best straight line (R2 value closest to 1) ?
d. What is the reaction order with respect to NO2?
e. Write the rate law for this reaction including the numerical value for k.
3. Come up with a data sheet for the appropriate needed data. Show your instructor on the way into lab.
4. Bring your portable memory drive (flash drive thingie) to extract data from lab.


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Aachen, Germany -- Scientists at the Fraunhofer Institute for Laser Technology ILT have, for the first time, performed a laser-based qualitative and quantitative characterization of the powder gas stream in laser deposition welding processes.
Laser deposition, also called laser sintering, laser additive manufacturing, and a number of other names, is an established processing technique for the repair and manufacture of metal parts and the functionalization of metal surfaces. Precise knowledge of the powder gas feed is an important parameter of the overall process and plays a key role in the results achieved and to maintain process quality.
In laser material deposition processes, a nozzle is used to inject a powdered filler material into the melt generated by the laser beam, producing a layer that is metallurgically bonded to the workpiece. The delivery of powder to the melt pool via the nozzle has a major influence on the consumption of powder material, the effectiveness of the gas shielding system used to prevent oxidation, and the quality of the coating layer. Processing results must be checked at regular intervals, because nozzle wear can lead to deviations that cause changes in the diameter and position of the powder focus. Orientation of the powder gas stream to the laser beam also is of major importance. The only way to determine these changes has been using laser metal deposition to obtain reference samples. Correlating these samples with comparative deposited welds revealed the quality of the nozzle.
Now, a Fraunhofer ILT team has developed a measurement procedure for characterizing the powder gas stream that offers a simple and reproducible means of checking nozzle quality. The process involves illuminating the powder gas stream from the side with a laser beam, and using a camera positioned coaxially to the nozzle to capture images of the powder gas stream through the nozzle -- this makes the ring-shaped distribution of the powder visible. Thanks to the camera's high frame rate, it is possible to precisely determine the number and position of individual powder particles at a defined point in time. Based on similar principles to laser caustic measurement, the lateral laser beam moves down the powder gas stream layer by layer, requiring just a few seconds to capture the data for each layer. The system then calculates the particle density distribution for each layer from the several thousand individual images captured by the camera. Finally, the individual layer images are superimposed on each other to yield the overall spatial particle density distribution.
"For the first time, we have succeeded in developing a measuring procedure that enables us to determine the constancy of the powder mass flow, the symmetry of the powder gas stream, and the position and size of the powder focus," says Stefan Mann, who is in charge of the project at the Fraunhofer ILT.
Potential applications of this new measuring technique include all activities in the field of laser deposition welding, in particular engine and power plant manufacturing, toolmaking, and mechanical engineering. A live demonstration of this measuring procedure will be held in the Fraunhofer ILT's laser equipment facility in Aachen on May 11 as part of the "Laser Technology Live" event at the International Laser Technology Congress.
IMAGE:The particle density distribution is shown for different layers of a powder gas stream from a three-beam powder nozzle used in laser materials deposition. (Courtesy Fraunhofer ILT)

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Hi Everyone,
My name is Scott Moore and over the past few years I have built a profitable, high volume SaaS called PetSitClick (https://www.petsitclick.com). The software, built on Alpha Anywhere, allows pet care companies to manage their business (invoicing, scheduling etc.).
As part of the process of building the application I developed an underlying SaaS framework to support the site. As a consultant, I used this framework to help another SaaS launch and realized it might be a useful product for other Alpha developers. So in partnership with Alpha Software and David Kates we launched the SaaS Jump Start Framework in 2014. That contract is coming to an end and I have decided to sell the framework on my own now. As part of the process I have re-branded the framework the 'SaaS Core Framework'.
In addition to the original framework I have also included two new components:
1) A PhoneGap example of how to integrate an app into the framework. For PetSitClick I built an iOS and Android app and they are now being used daily by dog walkers and pet sitters around the world.
2) Code and documentation that shows how to integrate with Stripe for credit card payments.
I am also selling support and consulting services, either for the framework specifically or SaaS in general. Having been involved with multiple SaaS projects and start-ups since 2010, with both successes and failures, I have learned quite a bit.
In you are interested in purchasing the SaaS Core Framework or would like to inquire about consulting, please visit http://www.saascoreframework.com.


text:
Before launching Native and getting started on your own account, we recommend you take a moment to watch our Native Application Demo.
Here we lead you through logging into the application, making the appropriate conversions and joining a community.
Watch the Native Application Demo Now
As always, if you still have questions after exploring the conversion process yourself, please reach out to us directly at firstname.lastname@example.com.


text:
1966 Airstream Caravel 17 - California
- Year: 1966
- Make: Airstream
- Model: Caravel
- Length: 17
- Condition: Excellent
- Country: United States
- State or Province: California
- City: Desert Hot Springs
- Zip/Postal Code: 92240
- Type of Sale: Private Seller (Individual)
- Listed: January 17, 2016 6:43 pm
- Expires: This ad has expired
Other items listed by
Fifty Years Young, ground up restoration by established interior designer Victoria Lesser and crew. Custom cabinetry, everything including chassis is new but it has been restored and rebuilt completely using classic airstream details. More pics upon request. All thats left to do is a mirror finish….
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Bruton School for Girls is delighted to be part of the BBC News School Report - a project which gives students aged 11-18 the opportunity to research and produce their own news reports for a real audience. More than 1,000 schools across the UK took part in this diversity award-winning project last year when students reported on a wide range of issues, some even interviewed leading politicians.
Our teachers will help girls develop their journalistic skills so they can report on the stories that matter to them and make their voices heard.
School Report News Day takes place on 15 March 2018, and BSG girls will be producing stories and publishing them here on the website (see below).
The BBC links to each school webpage, providing a real audience for the reports. Some schools will also get the chance to work with BBC staff and see their work appear on television, radio or the BBC website.
The news reports our girls produced are shown below. You never know, you may be watching the next Kate Adie or Martha Kearney!
Meet 2018's group of reporters...
Take a look at last year's interview with award-winning writer and filmmaker, Matt Dickinson.....
Also, see the special interview with our very own Headmistress, Mrs B!


text:
Never has watching something so dumb been this entertaining. Not since 1994, anyway.
After 20 years, Dumb and Dumber movie fans finally caught a glimpse of their favorite shaggy-haired pet groomer Harry (Jeff Daniels) and chip-toothed prankster Lloyd (Jim Carrey) reunited in the sequel's trailer premiere last night.
Carrey and Daniels reprise their roles in Dumb and Dumber To, which follows the idiotic — but loveable — duo on a journey to find Harry's long lost daughter. However it's Lloyd's ulterior motive for joining the pursuit that reignites hilarious tension between the two characters.
The trailer fortifies directors Bobby and Peter Farrelly's taste for the crude, foul, irreverent, squeamish and just plain awful. But don't let that deter you from watching the trailer.
So consider yourself warned – and invited.
Dumb and Dumber To hits theaters Nov. 14 this year.


text:
Elementary treatise on the wave-theory of light
Longmans, Green, 1857 - Physical optics - 247 pages
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analyzing plate angle of incidence aperture axes beam bright bright bands centre circularly polarized coincides colours common light corresponding crystal deduced denote deviation difference of phase diffraction direction distance diverging double refraction edge effect elasticity elliptically polarized equal ether experiment Fresnel fringes glass History hyperbolas Iceland spar inci incident light incident ray inclined intensity interference interval of retardation laws length light reflected luminous origin luminous point medium molecules Newton observed obstacle opposite optic axis parallel particles perpendicular plane phenomena plane of incidence plane of polarization plane of reflexion plane-polarized polarized light polarized ray polarizing angle portions position Post 8vo principal section principle prism produced propagated ratio reflected light reflected pencil refracted rays refractive index refrangibility revised rings rock-crystal screen Second Edition shadow spectrum substance theory thickness tion transmitted traversed undulation vary velocity velocity of propagation vibrations vols wave wave-theory Woodcuts
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text:
by TULIKA BOOKS
Rs. 190.00
Description: Ammachi can't find her glasses one morning and everything goes topsy-turvy!
Page after page spills with drama, humour, detail and local flavour as Priya Kuriyan spins a hilarious tale about a crazy day with unforgettable Ammachi — "the archetypal grandmother from memories of my own childhood in Kerala," as Priya says. The celebrated illustrator is at her best in this her first wordless picture book.
Age: 0+


text:
Complete "Game of Thrones" Nail Polish Collection 15ml 5-Free
This is the listing for the entire Game of Thrones collection. Six polishes inspired by one of my favorite shows.
Swatches are provided by:
Disclaimer: I am in no way affiliated with HBO, George R R Martin, or the Game of Thrones franchaise. I'm just a big fan.
Each of my polishes are made with love and is a unique formulation. All of my polishes are blends made from multiple glitters, and pigments. The suspension base used is 3-free. As with all nail polishes settling will occur. My polishes are no different, some settle more than others, but all experience some settling.
My base is 5-free which means it's free of Toluene, Formaldehyde, DBP- Dibutyl Phthalate, Formaldehyde Resin, and Camphor
INGREDIENTS: Nitrocelluose, Ethyl Acetate, Butyl Acetate, Isopropyl Alcohol, Ethyl Alcohol, Triphenyl Phosphate.
MAY ALSO CONTAIN: N Butyl Acetate, Acrylates Copolymer , Along with the following pigments: FD&C lakes, D&C lakes, Iron Oxides, Iron Blue, Titanium Dioxide and Ultramarines, Magnesium Fluoride and Aluminum, Synthetic Fluorophylogopite, Tin Oxide, Calcium Sodium Borosilicate, Mica, Silica, and Glitter


text:
Japanese Set Meal Buy 1 FREE 1 Promotion 日式套餐买一送一促销!
Sushi Yuan BUY 1 FREE 1 set menu is here now. Choose any dishes on Super Premium Set menu and GET 1 FREE set on Value Set. This promotion is only valid when you make online reservation here.
Terms and conditions apply.
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text:
Hey There!
What experience will you wear next?
Get fueled by sassy in Ethel-Mae's Store! Women's shoes, clothing, makeup, outdoor recreation gear, perfume, handbags and accessories.
Do you like to buy from brands who are socially conscious and give back to communities or the environment?
One way to give back is to support those who support others.


text:
Amazon's New Series Is Designed For The Ultimate Bob Dylan Fan
Grandfather of coolness, rock music, and American pop culture Bob Dylan is now coming to TV streaming—well, sort of. Lionsgate TV and Amazon are developing an hour-long drama series based off themes in his songs, similar to Julie Taymor's Across The Universe. It's titled Time Out of Mind, named after Dylan's 1997 studio album. The project is spearheaded by producer Josh Wakely, who's already impressively managed to lock down the rights to the (surely massively expensive) songs. Wakely has also landed a deal with Netflix for an animated kids show called Beat Bugs that'll have plot lines inspired by tunes from The Beatles. Notice a theme here? The program will feature covers by Eddie Vedder, P!nk, and Sia. Even though it's a children's show, we'll definitely be adding the show's soundtrack to our playlists once it releases this upcoming summer.
As for Bob Dylan, this isn't the first time he's inspired a Hollywood project. In 2007, Carol director Todd Haynes released I'm Not There, a nontraditional biopic where Cate Blanchett, Christian Bale, Heath Ledger, Marcus Carl Franklin, Richard Gere, and Ben Whishaw all played different versions of Dylan. It focuses on the different sides of the musician, each played by one of the different aforementioned actors.
Time Out of Mind is still in a baby phase, so there isn't too much out regarding the specifics of the show. But according to Variety, the initial plan is to focus on separate characters, and then have them eventually cross paths. Hopes are pretty high, especially considering that Lionsgate TV, among numerous other projects, also founded one of the best OG streaming-service shows, Orange is the New Black, and Amazon's current offerings, including Catastrophe and Transparent, are pretty fantastic. The show may have some big shoes to fill, but we're expecting good things.
Lead image by Kathryn Chadason. Photo via Tilting Windmill Studios.
Stay tuned to Milk for more unexpected tv news.


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Toolshed: Garcia latest young Nat to climb
Infielder is first player born in 2000 to see Class A Advanced ball
By Sam Dykstra / MiLB.com | July 6, 2018 10:00 AM
This should sound familiar. The Nationals have moved a teenaged prospect to a higher level much sooner than people outside the system expected.
In 2017, they were aggressive with Victor Robles, who began the season as a 19-year-old at Class A Advanced Potomac and ended it as a 20-year-old in the Majors. Through the first half of 2018, Juan Soto has become a historically great teenage phenom, having climbed from Class A Hagerstown to his spot as Washington's starting left fielder.
Now, it's Luis Garcia's turn.
The Nationals promoted their No. 5 prospect from Hagerstown to Potomac on Wednesday. That was after he was already the youngest player on an Opening Day roster in either Class A league. That was after he turned 18 on May 16. That was two years and two days after he signed for $1.3 million out of the Dominican Republic. In fact, when he made his Carolina League debut by taking shortstop in the first inning of Potomac's home game against Salem on Wednesday, Garcia became the first player born in the year 2000 to play at the Class A Advanced level.
"For us, it comes down to three different parts," said Nationals director of player development Mark Scialabba. "From the physical part, is he handling the league? Is he showing consistency in the field and at the plate? From a mental standpoint, is he handling failure well? Is he making the adjustments to limit those failures? And then emotionally, is he able to handle the challenges that come both on the field and off the field? Once he ticks all those boxes, that's when we think a player is ready for the new challenge."
This isn't the first time the Nats have handled the 18-year-old infielder aggressively. After signing as MLB.com's No. 13 prospect of the 2016-17 international class, Garcia skipped right over the Dominican Summer League to make his pro debut in the Gulf Coast League last summer. Despite being the same age as most American high school juniors, he held his own in the complex circuit, finishing third in the GCL with 60 hits while hitting .307/.330/.387 over 49 games. It wasn't a perfect year by any means -- with one homer in 211 plate appearances, Garcia didn't show much power -- but even shortly after Washington prospects arrived at West Palm Beach for Spring Training, the organization voiced excitement about seeing what Garcia could do at a full-season affiliate, namely Hagerstown.
"There's a maturity in everything he does," Scialabba said. "It's an advanced feel to hit that really gets him noticed. But from the day he signed, [vice president of international operations] Johnny DiPuglia and his staff did a great job of identifying him as someone who could make some early improvements on both sides of the ball. He works those into games, and that's [how] we get where we are now with him."
Video: Hagerstown's Garcia knocked a two-run homer
It was still a process, however. As is the case with many young players heading north from Florida or Arizona to begin their first full Minor League season, Garcia had to adjust to more than just Class A-quality pitching.
"Early on, I think it was probably the first time he ever had to wear a jacket at any point during a baseball game," Scialabba said.
Whether it was the cold or the jump in level, Garcia clearly struggled in April with the Suns. He hit just .198/.255/.220 over 23 games that month. He had one extra-base hit (a triple) in that span and totaled just three multiple-hit games.
Garcia, however, started to warm up with the weather. He hit his first Class A homer on the first day of May and never looked back. From May 1 to his last game with Hagerstown on July 3, the left-handed slugger produced a .341/.371/.483 line with three homers, three triples and 14 doubles. His strikeout rate, which had been 17.2 percent in April, dropped to 14.3 percent in that 55-game span. Between those dates, only West Virginia's Oneil Cruz (71) had more hits at Class A than Garcia's 70. By the time he was promoted, Garcia had pushed his Class A season average up to .297 and his wRC+ to 109, meaning -- even after the awful April -- he had become a better-than-average bat in the South Atlantic League.
"He was still figuring it out in many ways," Scialabba said. "But he made adjustments at the plate as time went on. It was a matter of attacking the fastball early, not letting good pitches go by, learning the strike zone and hitting the ball where it's pitched -- that was a big one."
That said, it wasn't always a given that Garcia would be moved up at some point in 2018, no matter the Nationals' recent history of pushing their talented teens. No. 6 prospect Yasel Antuna was on a similar track to Garcia -- signed in 2016, good GCL numbers in 2017, starting at Hagerstown in 2018 -- but hasn't managed to catch fire in the same way. Antuna is hitting .206 with a .580 OPS in his own age-18 season. Garcia's promotion means the two won't have to split time any more at the shortstop position. Antuna had gotten the bulk of the innings there over the last three months, with Garcia rotating between short, second base and third base. But Scialabba noted that Garcia will play more short now that he's up with the P-Nats. (It helps that No. 62 overall prospect Carter Kieboom, also a shortstop by trade, was promoted from Potomac to Double-A Harrisburg two weeks ago.)
But even with the glut of shortstop talent across three levels, there was no mandate from on high to spread out the youngsters and move someone by the midpoint of the season. The Nats claim they kept the focus on the players individually, not on the depth chart.
"There was no set date, really, or anything like that," Scialabba said. "But after the All-Star break, you could see the way [Garcia] continued to grow. He was showing improvement but being consistent almost at-bat to at-bat at that point. Really, it got to the point where he pushed it on us, more than anything."
As quickly as Garcia is progressing, he's still not quite at the talent level of Soto or Robles. The hit tool has been strong, but he could still stand to show more pop from the left side as he matures. His speed is close to being plus-plus, which helps on the infield, but with eight thefts in 13 attempts this season he hasn't turned into a major basestealing threat yet. He may not stick at shortstop, and if down the road he moves to third -- where his plus arm would play -- there will be a bigger emphasis placed on his bat. The overall package is certainly enticing, but he's not an elite prospect quite yet.
Still, Garcia's quick and continued ascension recalls a moment that went viral earlier in the season. Soto was making his first Major League start for the Nationals at home against the Padres on May 21 -- he debuted the day before as a pinch hitter -- and to celebrate the 19-year-old's milestone, the organization streamed the game for its young players at the complex in the Dominican Republic. Soto stepped up for his first at-bat against left-hander Robbie Erlin in the second inning and sent the first pitch he saw over the wall in left field for his first Major League home run. The Nats prospects watching the stream, teenagers like Soto and Garcia, went properly berserk for a player who had been quite literally in their place not long before going deep on the game's biggest stage.
After these past two months and this week's latest transaction, it might not be too long before a similar celebration is taking place for Garcia.
"It's certainly inspiring," said Scialabba. "Certainly with the players that have come up, these guys see that, and they know they have a chance, a real chance to be part of a championship culture. If they do well, they're going to have a chance to impact our club. They've seen that with their teammates and guys that are really still their peers. ... This whole process of international development is a strong part of we are as the Washington Nationals. We believe in scouting and developing these guys, and it's starting to bear fruits. It's an exciting time in this market because of these guys."
Sam Dykstra is a reporter for MiLB.com. Follow and interact with him on Twitter, @SamDykstraMiLB. This story was not subject to the approval of the National Association of Professional Baseball Leagues or its clubs.View More


text:
Premium Pet Foods, Treats, Supplements, Toys, and More
At The Doggie Bag we offer the finest in premium pet foods, treats, toys, supplements, apparel, collars, leads, and much more for dogs and cats. And, we are very proud to offer our customers Made in the USA products. We have the highest of standards with the products we stock on our shelves, our goal is to provide High-Quality, Healthy & Safe products for you and your favorite Fur Friends.
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The Doggie Bag is a proud carrier of a variety of All-Natural Human Grade Premium Dog Foods. Our foods have No by-products, No wheat, No corn, No rendered fats, No artificial flavors, No artificial preservatives, No artificial colors, and No Crap. If we won't feed it to our own pets, we won't sell it to your pets!
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I'm a big fan of marinating and baking chicken breasts. It's a method that's easy and usually fairly healthy for you. Stonewall Kitchen makes a line of tasty sauces and marinades, several of which I've tried, including Jamaican Jerk Sauce, Sesame Ginger Teriyaki Sauce, and Maple Chipotle Grill Sauce, among others. Today I tried their Garlic Rosemary Citrus Sauce, which I bought for the price of $6.99 at a grocery store in Manhattan. Here's a link to but it on Amazon.
Stonewall Kitchen Garlic Rosemary Citrus Sauce – 11 oz
I added the sauce to a baking dish, along with pieces of chicken breast meat, trimmed of any visible fat. Then I baked them at 400 degrees for about forty-five minutes, turning the chicken pieces a couple of times during the process. I also made some rice in the microwave in a microwave-safe bowl. The smell that filled the house was quite tantalizing…citrus, like lemons and oranges, but also slightly reminiscent of some Indian curries.
I served up some of the chicken pieces, and drizzled a little of the extra marinade over the rice. I was quite pleased with the meal. The marinade was sweet, with citrus accents, most noticeably orange, but it was also just slightly spicy, suggestive of red pepper flakes. Based on this experience, I would certainly try this marinade again, and I would recommend it as well. When you're looking to make a semi-gourmet meal but you're feeling too lazy to throw a marinade together yourself, this might be a good way to go. It's also fat free, which, of course, is always going to get a thumbs up from me.


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Section 1. Understanding brain injury and the brain. What is acquired brain injury? Section 1
- Coral Ball
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1 Section 1 Understanding brain injury and the brain Section 1 What is acquired brain injury? Acquired brain injury (also known as ABI) is damage to the brain that was not present at birth but has occurred since and which is non-progressive. An acquired brain injury can result from traumatic brain injury and non-traumatic brain injury. The most common causes of traumatic brain injury are road traffic accidents, assaults and falls. Non-traumatic brain injury has a variety of causes. The most common causes are stroke and other problems within blood vessels supplying the brain, tumours, infections, poisoning through ingestion or inhalation of toxic substances, metabolic disorders such as liver and kidney disease, or diabetic coma and lack of blood flow (ischemia) or oxygen (hypoxia) to the brain. Acquired brain injury therefore excludes brain injury that was present at birth (congenital brain injury) and brain conditions that are degenerative, such as dementia, multiple sclerosis or Parkinson s disease. Some forms of acquired brain injury, e.g. stroke or tumour, tend to cause localised damage to the brain whereas others, e.g. hypoxia and meningitis, usually cause widespread brain damage. The effects of acquired brain injury upon the individual can therefore vary dramatically from person to person. Given the diverse nature of acquired brain injury, it is understandable that in this area of rehabilitation various terms are often used to describe the nature of the brain injury, e.g. head injury, brain injury, traumatic brain injury, acquired brain injury. To avoid confusion and for the sake of consistency, this handbook will refer to brain injury throughout to denote any form of acquired brain injury as defined here. The Brain Injury Handbook 13
2 What does the brain do and how does it work? The brain is the control centre for all of the body s functions, such as walking, talking, swallowing, breathing, tasting, smelling, heart rate and so on. It also controls all of our thinking functions, our emotions, how we behave and all of our intellectual (cognitive) activities, such as how we attend to things, how we perceive and understand our world and its physical surroundings, how we learn and remember, and so on. Everything, in fact! It follows, therefore, that damage to the brain for whatever reason can impair some or all of these functions or activities. How much impairment a person will have will depend on the type, location and severity of the injury. To understand this, we will have a look at the structure of the brain and the functions of the different areas within it. The structure and function of the brain The brain is a soft, jelly-like material that is completely enclosed in the skull and floats in a liquid cushion of cerebrospinal fluid. This fluid supports and nourishes the brain and acts as a kind of shock absorber for rapid head movements. To some extent the skull protects the brain but nature wasn t kind when designing the inner surface with its bony ridges. These can lacerate and bruise the delicate surface of the brain if it is forced violently against the inside of the skull, as can happen in a road traffic accident (also known as an RTA) or fall. The brain is protected by three layers of membrane that lie between it and the skull. If the brain is shaken about, these membranes and blood vessels can tear and bleed. If enough blood escapes, blood clots will form and can press on the brain and cause damage. In addition, there can be damage if the blood vessels become weakened and burst, as in the case of a brain haemorrhage. Damage will also occur if the blood supply to the brain is interrupted for any reason. The brain is made up of billions of cells, blood vessels, fluid, and nerve cells called neurons. These have delicate nerve fibres that radiate from the cell body and connect to millions of other nerve cells to form highly-complex communication systems between different parts of the brain. It is believed that each individual neuron network connects with approximately 1,100 other neurons. Nobody really knows how many neurons there are in the brain, but the favoured estimate by neuroscientists is 12 billion. Professor Susan Greenfield, an eminent neuroscientist, has suggested that we think of neurons as trees in the Amazon rainforest and the leaves on those trees as the connections between the neurons. If the brain is shaken about, these delicate nerve fibres get disrupted and damaged, resulting in a breakdown of the communication pathways and the consequent disruption of certain skills and abilities. There are three main areas that play a vital part in our ability to function: 1 The cerebral cortex 2 The brain stem 3 The cerebellum 14
3 Understanding brain injury and the brain Section 1 cerebral cortex cerebrospinal fluid skull brain stem spinal cord cerebellum 1 The cerebral cortex The cerebral cortex (Figure 1) is the largest part of the brain and is the area that is responsible for all of our thinking activities. It is divided into two connected halves the left and right cerebral hemispheres. The left hemisphere controls the right side of the body and the right hemisphere controls the left. For example, if a person sustains a brain injury, such as a stroke, to the left hemisphere in the area of the cerebral cortex that controls movement, this may result in weakness or even paralysis of the right arm and leg. In most people, the left hemisphere primarily controls verbal functions such as speech and language while the right hemisphere primarily controls visual spatial (non-verbal) functions such as those involved in drawing, rhythm or finding one s way in unfamiliar surroundings. The hemispheres are known to process material in different ways, with the left cerebral hemisphere specialising in processing material in a sequential and logical manner and the right cerebral hemisphere processing information in a holistic and intuitive way. The Brain Injury Handbook 15
4 motor cortex (movement) somatosensory cortex (sensations) frontal lobes parietal lobe occipital lobe temporal lobe (auditory lobe) brain stem spinal cord cerebellum The cerebral cortex is further divided into four areas, or lobes, each of which controls specific functions and skills. The frontal lobes The frontal lobes (Figure 2) have been termed the executive of the brain. This is where all our higher-level thinking goes on, allowing us to reason logically, make decisions, plan, organise and problem-solve, exercise good judgement and monitor or manage our actions. It is considered to be the home of our personality and the control centre for our emotions and behaviour. The frontal lobes allow us to apply our knowledge and adapt our behaviour so that it is appropriate to the situation that we are in. The frontal lobes also contain the motor cortex, a vital part of the brain system controlling movement. The frontal lobes are extremely vulnerable to injury due to their position at the front of the skull. Studies have found that the frontal area is the most common region of injury, even following mild brain injury. Damage can cause many cognitive problems and can dramatically change social behaviour and personality. Physical problems can include the loss of fine movements, lack of strength in the arms, hands and fingers, little spontaneous facial expression or difficulty in speaking. The temporal lobe The temporal lobe (Figure 2) lies just behind our ears and contains the auditory cortex. This allows us to interpret sound. The temporal lobe stores most of our memories and is involved in aspects of language, including our ability to use language and understand what we hear. Like the frontal lobes, the temporal lobe is involved in regulating certain aspects of personality. 16
5 Understanding brain injury and the brain Section 1 Deep inside the temporal lobe are the structures of the hypothalamus and limbic system. The hypothalamus is involved in instinctual behaviours such as aggression, sexual arousal, appetite, thirst and temperature control. The limbic system is in control of emotional reactions. Damage to these areas can severely disrupt our emotions, resulting in sudden and dramatic mood swings, and can also lead to inappropriate social behaviour such as hyper-sexuality and impulsiveness. The parietal lobe The parietal lobe (Figure 2) contains the somatosensory cortex, which receives and analyses information from the skin concerning touch, pressure, temperature and some aspects of pain. The parietal lobe is vital to our spatial understanding of the world. For example, it enables us to understand where we are in relation to our surroundings and where our body parts are in relation to each other, as well as the spatial relationships between the things we perceive in our environment. Damage to the parietal lobe can impair reading, writing and mathematical abilities, drawing and construction tasks, as well as self-care abilities such as washing and dressing. The occipital lobe The occipital lobe (Figure 2) analyses what we see and is, therefore, responsible for sight. If it is damaged, blindness or partial blindness can result. 2 The brain stem The brain stem (Figure 2) is connected to the spinal cord and from there to the whole of the central nervous system in the rest of the body. The brain stem controls movements of the throat, so damage to this area may result in impairments in speech and swallowing. It also controls consciousness, alertness and functions that are not under conscious control, such as breathing, body temperature, heart rate and blood pressure. It is therefore an extremely critical area. 3 The cerebellum The cerebellum (Figure 2) is located just behind the top part of the brain stem and controls fine muscle co-ordination, balance and posture. Damage to this area can affect our ability to move quickly and gracefully or to perform such functions as climbing up a ladder or buttoning up a jacket. In summary, damage to a particular part of the brain can produce impairment in the function that it controls. If the damage is limited to a small area, then it is likely that only a few functions will be impaired. If, however, it is more widespread, then this can produce a complex range of physical and psychological problems. The frontal lobes are extremely vulnerable to injury due to their position at the front of the skull. Studies have found that the frontal area is the most common region of injury, even following mild brain injury. The Brain Injury Handbook 17
6 When the heart of your family is shattered... How do you pick up the pieces? Acquired brain injuries devastate; they devastate the life of the injured person and they devastate the lives of those around them. Overwhelmed by emotions, feeling lost and angry; you are weighed down with questions no-one seems able to answer. Why us? How will we manage? We know life will never be the same again, but we can help. We can be at your side to guide you through the daunting legal processes and help you to build and protect a better future. Legal Specialists in Brain Injury 134 Edmund Street, Birmingham B3 2ES For more information, contact Tony Hall on Freephone or 18
7 Understanding brain injury and the brain Section 1 Specialist support for people with brain injuries Lifeways Community Care, one of the UK s leading providers of supported living, specialises in supporting people with complex needs associated with brain injury We can provide support with: Daily orientation, planning and initiation Developing self-regulation strategies Time and money management Cognitive development activities Social skills and personal development Specialist rehabilitation provision Looking after the home Daily living activities Transport to appointments Social and recreational activities For further information, please contact our Specialist Brain Injury Team Mobile: Lifeways Community Care, Fisher Building, 118 Garratt Lane, Wandsworth, London, SW18 4DJ. Tel: The Brain Injury Handbook 19
8 NEURO REHABILITATION SERVICES BRAIN INJURY CENTRE The team of specialist therapists and supporting staff provide programmes of rehabilitation and integrated learning designed to restore, or compensate, for lost function and maximise independence. All of which takes place in a vibrant setting. Specialist Rehabilitation after Brain Injury in a Centre for Young People Assessment and treatment from neuro specialists after brain injury Individualised programmes of therapy and integrated learning led by psychology team Physiotherapy to promote physical ability and to improve functional independence SLT to develop speech, communication and swallowing abilities OT led training in independent living, mobility, risk taking and safety awareness Opportunities for education, pre-vocational training and work experience Placements can be residential or day QEF Brain Injury Centre, Banstead Place, Park Road, Banstead, Surrey SM7 3EE Eileen Jackman Principal Tel: Fax: Website: Registered with CQC No Registered Charity No UK CASE MANAGEMENT LIMITED We are a specialist organisation working closely with Personal Injury Lawyers for people with brain and spinal injuries. We are registered with The Care Quality Commission. We provide the following services: Case Management Specialist Support Packages of Care Support Workers on a long or short term basis Supported Living packages A Bespoke Client Focused Service Interpreters Head Office Regional Office Training Suite Providence Court 9 Church Lane The Hawk Creative Business Park Easingwold Oldham The Hawkhills Estate York OL1 3AN Easingwold YO61 3NY York YO61 3FE
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There is an outstanding rate in growth when it comes to talent in Zimbabwe. Most of it is seen by consistency,hard work and mostly the ability to stand out amongst many others in a country full of young vibrant, gifted and competitive artists.
Today, we focus on Zimbabwean talent making waves in the city of Cape Town,South Africa and beyond! A whole vibe known as Tashinga is not only taking over the entertainment industry,but is also making history in the film and photography industry. A Jack of all trades who specialises in disc jockey,Videography, Photography,Film directing and entrepreneurship.
Born as Tashinga Mutakwa, he started off with an Information Technology and Business background. At the age of 16 years,he was determined to become an Information Technology guru. He set out on a journey to Cape Town,South Africa to study just that.
Fate and passion however had set out a different path for him,where he found himself enrolling for film directing at AFDA instead. From then on, it has only been uphill for his career as a creative.
He self taught himself to be a DJ. This happened when he realised his love for the night life and entertaining a crowd. It has since been a major success as a result of his determination to make it in a place away from home. He has worked with different big names in the South African music industry such as NAKED Dj, DJ Capital, VJ Jonno and to name a few.
Apart from being the man on the mix, he also boast as an event manager and a entrepreneur. He gave people unforgettable experiences from organising parties that involved local celebrities to memorable house parties. Sadly now he's only focusing on playing at events and running a business. Currently having gigs in Cape Town, working with different publications such as Vutha Magazine as a photographer and running a media company called Greenback Media Group. Tashinga is an embodiment of success and perseverance. We wish him all the best in everything that he does. We are looking forward to him coming to play maybe at Unplugged Zimbabwe or any other show. (Hello Organisers)
"Along the way,you will meet people who won't believe in your craft ,but it is important that you believe in yourself more than anyone".
As Tashinga advices aspiring artists. He also advises that you do not have to try to please everyone,take every single shot at life, life is finite so make it a habit to explore as many careers and you can.


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Bruised apples, bell peppers covered with pock marks and scratches, dented cans…we've seen it all in the grocery store, and if you're going to be honest, you probably just walked right by the damaged goods.
Then, when you saw the deliciously perfect blueberries and the shiny, waxy green beans, you didn't think twice about tossing them in your cart. Don't feel bad, you're not alone. Many humans with a steady income have become accustomed to perfect-looking, flawless food. As a result, we're wasting tons of it every year.
Edmonton pop-up restaurant SalvagED is looking to buck that trend, one dish at a time. The shop (which is open only on select occasions, usually for a three-hour period) provides its customers with a culinary feast using food that would have been thrown out to create decadent, delicious menus for your eating pleasure.
The goals of the pop-ups, in addition to serving some incredible eats, are to encourage consumers to waste less, and propel food suppliers to buy less and to donate more to crisis food centres that desperately need it.
Missed the latest pop-up in Edmonton? Not to worry. The Loop spoke to the folks at the Alder Food Security Society (the people behind SalvagED pop-ups) to get some primo tips and tricks for making that wilted food into something spectacular.
How does someone properly prepare discarded/otherwise "unusable" food?
When prepping food that would otherwise be wasted, the key is to cut away any bruised or very soft bits first. Then, it depends on what type of produce you're working with, the timeline you have before it can be used, and your space available.
For food that you can use right away, cut away the bits of the food that are clearly "bad," then, if they're vegetables, soak them in cold water for a few minutes to firm them up a bit. For fruit, prepping them in a way that focuses less on texture and more on flavour — think purees, smoothies and jams — is a good bet.
If you aren't able to use the food right away (like if you see some sad-looking produce in your fridge but aren't going to be able to eat at home until the weekend), cut away the "bad" bits and freeze it. Fruit is great for this, since many people pay a lot of money for frozen fruit blends at the grocery store. For vegetables, freezing can work, as can putting them in a plastic resealable bag with a dampened paper towel to restore moisture to the food.
Do soups and stews work best for this kind of food?
For those who aren't as adventurous with cooking, soups, stews, smoothies and the like are a fantastic place to start with wilting produce. What's great about those items is that you can freeze them once they're been cooked and bring them for lunches! Juicing is another great option for those who have access to the equipment, as the juice itself can be frozen to add to soups and smoothies in the future, and the pulp can be seasoned and baked into long-lasting crackers.
For old bread that's gone a bit stale, toasting it can make it delicious again, as can allowing it to dry completely and turning it into bread crumbs or croutons.
What are some suggestions for people doing this at home?
The first step is very simple: don't buy food you aren't going to be able to eat!
Of course, we all go overboard when shopping sometimes, so the next steps are keeping a good eye on the state of the fruit and veg in your fridge and freezing/juicing/soup-ing them once they've started to go. For families that are very ambitious and looking to utilize the wasted food of others in their lives, we would suggest going to farmers' markets to ask the vendors for their culls. Fruit stands usually have bruised apples, etc., to give away, and vegetable stands will likely have carrot tops, beet tops, and the odd bag of potatoes that could be given away.
That said, some of the vendors have policies against giving things away in market hours, so don't push it if the vendors say no!
For more information on SalvagED and getting the most mileage out of your food, watch the video, above.


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On a red background with dark grey smoke aplications, its main feature at the time of reaching the market was the technique used in the implementation of the slip process, where the smoke footprint was never repeated in the same position of the roof tile, causing a uniform shade variation with no equal roof tiles.
The Golden Alfa Innovation Award was given by the Spanish Ceramic and Glass Society for the development of SKIN-KER® by Tejas Borja, an installation system that creates a self-ventilating roof with large-format and extensive flat ceramic façade tiles, wrapping the whole building in a product of equal quality and appearance. (2012)
1st Hispalyt Ceramic Roof Tile Architecture Prize for the restoration of "Las Reales Atarazanas de Barcelona". (2013)
1st Hispalyt Ceramic Roof Tile Architecture Prize for the new construccion project: "House S" (2015-2017)
The Valencia Chamber of Commerce awarded Tejas Borja with Award for Internationalisation in recognition of the expansion that the company began more than two decades ago. (2009)
Best exterior product of the year Price. Award given to the Flat 10 roof tile by the Editorial Board of Architecture Ireland at Architecture Expo Dublin. (Architecture Expo Show 2014)
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We carry out assessments and provide full training for those who wish to join us, so you can be confident you have the skills, knowledge and qualities to become a Derbyshire Blood Biker.
Most of our service is delivered by motorcycle. We want our riders among the best riders on the roads, so an advanced riding qualification is not only 'good to have', its a mandatory insurance requirement. To ensure that riders have maintained the skills they developed as part of an advanced riding group, we will carry out an assessment ride as a 'first step'. We will look for safe, smooth riders, who apply the IPSGA system of motorcycle control.
Once you have demonstrated good standards of motorcycling, and road presence, we'll take your application forward, through mandatory training (GMP) and familiarisation. Currently, there is no 'advanced driving' requirement for our cars.
All drivers, call handlers and fundraisers will follow the training program before you volunteer.


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Published: December 25, 2017 18:49:20 | Updated: December 25, 2017 22:59:47
BNP on Monday hit out at Education Minister Nurul Islam Nahid for his remark that not only officials, but also the ministers are 'thieves'.
The party said the minister's comments has exposed that the current government is a 'self-declared thief and corrupt'.
While speaking at a press conference at BNP's Nayapaltan central office, party senior joint secretary general Ruhul Kabir Rizvi also said Nahid has sent out a dangerous message for the education sector by urging officials to 'take bribe at a tolerable limit'.
The Education Minister while distributing laptops among officials at the Directorate of Inspection and Audit at the Shikkha Bhaban on Sunday reportedly said, "My request to you is that you take bribe, but you must keep it at a tolerable limit."
Mentioning that bribery is prevalent everywhere, Nahid also said not only the officials, but also the ministers are 'thieves', and he himself also 'falls in the same category'.
Reacting to the comment, Rizvi said what the students will learn about honesty and morality if the country's Education Minister makes such remarks.
According to UNB, he said the minister apparently urged the students to learn how to take bribe at a tolerable level to succeed instead of being a good human.
The BNP leader said Nahid's comments will encourage students to bow down to corruption, extortion, terrorism, hooliganism and plundering, and indulge in eve-teasing, drug abuse and other misdeeds instead of building an ideal life with moral education.
He also said it now seems that the Education Minister is working to 'destroy' the education sector.
Referring to Finance Minister AMA Muhith's remark that the government itself wanted the rice price to increase to some extent, Rizvi said his assertion manifested that the government is mocking with people.
He said the government is increasing the prices of essentials for plundering public money as it is least bothered about people's sufferings. "The government is mocking with people's hunger as it's an unelected and cruel regime."
Mentioning that the Finance Minister's comment has exposed the government's anti-people attitude, the BNP leader strongly protested and condemned it.
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Penguin conservationists have raised concerns about the status of the coastal birds in the province.
CapeTalk held an outdoor broadcast at Stony Point Nature Reserve in Betty's Bay, which has been under Cape Nature's management since 2015.
Stony Point is the home of the African Penguin, a species which has been classified as endangered since 2010.
Dr Lauren Waller, an ecologist at the Southern African Foundation for the Conservation of Coastal Birds (Sanccob), says that more half of the world's various penguin species are under threat.
According to Dr Waller, the African Penguin species has declined by over 90% of its original population, mainly due to climate change and scarce food resources.
Also read: Rangers are the backbone of Cape Nature, says CEO
There are currently 18 species of penguin that are identified. More than half of those have a conservation status that is concerning.— Dr Lauren Waller, Leiden Conservation Fellow at Sanccob
There are five endangered species of penguins.— Dr Lauren Waller, Leiden Conservation Fellow at Sanccob
The main threat currently is poor food availability, due to competition with commercial fisheries and environmental fluctuations and climate change.— Dr Lauren Waller, Leiden Conservation Fellow at Sanccob
Senior marine ranger Cuan McGeorge says the seasonal demands of the bird make the work of the rangers at the African Penguin colony at Stony Point Nature Reserve more complex.
The pair discuss the factors which have contributed to the decline in the African penguin population and other endangered birds.
Take a listen to the discussion about the status of penguins worldwide:
This article first appeared on CapeTalk : 90% decline in SA's African Penguin species


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09 Feb 2018: Canberra, ACT
If you require any special arrangements to enable you to participate in the Committee's inquiry, please contact the Committee Secretariat.
Further information regarding accessibility can be found at www.aph.gov.au/Help/Accessibility
On 11 December 2017, the Attorney-General, Senator the Hon George Brandis QC, asked the Committee to inquire into and report on the Security of Critical Infrastructure Bill 2017.
Information about the Bill, which was introduced to Parliament on 7 December 2017, can be found at this link.
On 15 March 2018, the Committee released its Advisory Report on the Security of Critical Infrastructure Bill 2017.
Committee SecretaryParliamentary Joint Committee on Intelligence and SecurityPO Box 6021Parliament HouseCanberra ACT 2600 Phone: +61 2 6277 2360Fax: +61 2 6277 email@example.com
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Shandong Wensheng Glass Technology Co., Ltd is a listed company of China glass industry with 836128 as its stock code.Read More
Insulated glass is made of two or more than two sheets of glass with space partitioned by aluminum frame filled wiht high efficiently hasten dry agent. The edge of insulated glass is sealed by hgih strength sealing seaants. Features: 1. Energy Saving - for the low heat conductibility of the sealed air between the glass, the insulated glass can reduce heat transfer from inside to outside. Therefore, it can save energy by 30-50% 2. Sound insulation perfermance: single layer glass can reduce noise to 20-22dB. Normal insulated glass can reduce noise to 29-31 while special insulated glass to 45dB 3. Anti-dew: insulated glassis filled enough desiccant which can efficiently absorb vapor in the inner space or penetrate from out side to ensure the glass in inner space is absolutely dry and won`t dew.
Colored laminated glass with customized size, custom cut glass Features: 1. Thickness:6.38mm,8.38mm,10.38mm,12.38mm,16.38mm,6.76mm, 8.76mm,10.76mm,12.76mm,16.76mm,20.76mm,24.76mm. 2. Thickness of PVB:0.38mm,0.76mm,1.14mm,1.52mm,2.28mm,3.04mm. 3. Thickness of EVA:0.38mm,0.76mm,1.14mm,1.52mm,2.28mm,3.04mm. 4. Thickness of SGP:1.52mm,3.04mm. 5. Interlayers of the laminated glass: 1 layer,2 layers,3 layers and more layers according to your requirements. 6. Interlayer film colour:clear,white,grey,blue,green and pink,etc. 7. Max size:3660*2440mm.Min size:100*100mm. 8. Safety:Once broken the pieces of glass will still be stuck with the middle coatings so as to avoid human injury or property loss because of glass falling. 9. Sound insulation:The special laminated structure and pvb film of laminated glass can stop the sound wave,effectively preventing the expanding of the sound.
1. Safety toughened glass, different kinds of edges, holes and cutout are available. 2. Colour: Clear or tinted toughened glass. 3. Shape: Flat or bent toughened glass. 4. With or without silk-screen printing toughened glass. 5. Usually Min size 300x300mm, Max size 6000x2440mm. 6. Size for silk-screen printing toughened glass: Min 300x300mm, Max size 4000x2440mm. 7. Thickness: 4mm to 19mm. 8. Colour available: Clear, bronze, ocean blue, dark blue, lake blue, ford blue, light green, dark green, light grey, dark grey, pink, yellow, golden, etc. 9. Toughened glass with steel fittings like lock, pull, hangle, close leaf, clip also available.


text: SAN FRANCISCO (MarketWatch)-- U.S. stocks ended higher for a third-straight session and added about 1% for the week, as investors overlooked the risk of an oil shock in the Middle East to focus on better U.S. data and corporate earnings. The Dow Jones Industrial Average DJIA, +0.17% ended Friday's session up 73.11 points, or 0.6%, at 12,391.25 and advanced 1% for the week. The S&P 500 SPX, +0.39% gained 2.58 points, or 0.2%, to 1,343.01 and rose 1.04% for the week. The Nasdaq Composite COMP, +0.34% added 2.37 points, or 0.1%, to 2,833.95. The Dow and S&P 500 closed at mid-2008 highs, while the Nasdaq is at an October 2007 high.


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LLEYN sheep selling continued at Carlisle, where prices flew to 9,000gns for a shearling ram of the Borrins flock from H.M. Dugdale and Son, Settle.
Borrins Fearless, a grandson of a £6,000 ram bought from Carlisle in 2014, was breed champion at Westmorland the previous week and sold to G.H. Blakey of the Netherton Lleyn flock, Morpeth.
Messrs Blakey then sold the shearling ram Netherton Fearless for 7,500gns to J.A. and R. Geldard, Kendal, also taking 6,700gns from Messrs Dugdale for the shearling ram Netherton Frits.
The overall pre-sale championship title went to shearling ram Lochar Firefly of the Goldies flock from James Goldie, Ruthwell. By Plasucha Chief, one of the flock's top breeding rams, it sold it a two-way split to H.M Wells, Cardigan, and Twose Farm, Whitland.
Female bidding hit £400/head for the winning pen of shearling gimmers from Mr Goldie, who sold to Ryan Bowie, Crieff. Ewe lambs sold to £300/head for the winning pen from J.G Morton, Penrith, which were knocked down to Conor McConville, Co Down.
105 rams, £1,128.80 (+£223.27); 1,274 shearling gimmers, £148.38 (-£0.96); 666 ewe lambs, £101.72 (+£8.42).
Auctioneers: Harrison and Hetherington.


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There are many people today that feel absolutely lost without having their smart phone close at hand. Having access to this type of technology close can be a massive convenience but there are a number of people that are starting to recognize the signs of addiction in themselves with their smart phone devices too.
With the average child picking up their first smart phone at 10 to 12 years of age, it doesn't take long before we start getting dependent on this technology. In some recent studies conducted on teenage smart phone use, teenagers became heavily dependent on their phones also had an increased chance for a diagnosis of disorders like anxiety or depression.
Researchers completed a study at Korea University in Seoul with brain scans of teenaged participants, some of which had extensive smart phone addictions. Out of the addicted group of participants, brain scans showed that teenagers that had been classified as addicted to their smart phones had elevated levels of GABA. These teens also had higher testing scores with their levels of impulsivity, insomnia severity, anxiety and depression over teens in the control group.
These findings could be especially groundbreaking as a recent common sense media survey suggested that 50% of teens feel as though they have experienced addictive symptoms with their mobile devices. With nearly 70% of adults and almost 80% of teens checking their smart phones at least once hourly, the fact that our smart phone could be changing our brain chemistry represents a very real threat that smart phone addiction could be on the rise.