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Arab Israeli Conflict
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An Indonesian man died of bird flu after coming into contact with infected chickens near his home, bringing the toll in the country hardest-hit by the virus to 74, a health ministry official said Saturday.
The 29-year-old man, was hospitalized for nearly a week in Central Java province before dying on Thursday, said Muhammad Nadirin, the head of the ministry's bird flu surveillance department.
Local laboratory tests confirmed early Saturday that he had contracted the H5N1 virus.
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How Cells Duplicate and Why, Where Something Can Go Wrong
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Seventh graders study cell division. They examine the role of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), and how and why it must replicate, is essential to comprehending how our genetic patterns are transmitted to new cells.
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Cell specialization is amazing! How do they know what they should become? A video from an interesting biology playlist examines the process of cell specialization. Content includes where we find specialized cells, types of specialized...
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ND Graphics Inc., a technology distributor primarily focused on large-format imaging, has purchased Western Rim Industries, which has offices in Kelowna, British Columbia, and Mississauga, Ontario.
"We've been talking about this for a few years now," said Garwood Leigh, owner of Western Rim Industries (WRI). "I knew that when the time came for me to retire and move on to pursue my other interests that I wanted ND Graphics to take over. They are a Canadian company, they share the same values as WRI and I know they will continue the legacy of Western Rim."
ND Graphics is headquartered in Greater Toronto with more than 100 employees and a network of stocking locations in Dartmouth, Montreal, Ottawa, London, Winnipeg, Saskatoon, Edmonton, Calgary, Vancouver, as well as Toronto.
"This was really a very easy decision for us," said Mark West, President of ND Graphics. "WRI are so similar to ND in terms of their products, but more importantly their culture. Their people are the key. They are passionate about what they do, they are totally committed to their customers and they've all been at WRI for many years."
WRI will operate as a standalone business with Frank Braeuer as General Manager of the company. "This acquisition isn't about synergies," said West. "This is about bringing two great Canadian companies together [and] maintaining those value added elements that both organizations possess."
ND Graphics Acquires Western Rim Industries
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Ritka at Home 25 AugSaturday, August 26th, 2006
Today was Ritka's first day at home from the hospital. She was allowed 1/2 cup mixture of cottage cheese and rice every few hours and a small amount of a prescription canned food with each meal. She ate well today. She is back to carrying items in her mouth, sleeping with her family and barking […]
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AMA citation:
Elsberry W. Ritka at Home 25 Aug. BayWing. 2006. Available at: http://www.baywing.net/wp/index.php/2006/08/26/ritka-at-home-25-aug/. Accessed August 22, 2019.APA citation:
Elsberry, Wesley. (2006). Ritka at Home 25 Aug. Retrieved August 22, 2019, from BayWing Web site: http://www.baywing.net/wp/index.php/2006/08/26/ritka-at-home-25-aug/Chicago citation:
Elsberry, Wesley. 2006. Ritka at Home 25 Aug. BayWing. http://www.baywing.net/wp/index.php/2006/08/26/ritka-at-home-25-aug/ (accessed August 22, 2019).Harvard citation:
Elsberry, W 2006, Ritka at Home 25 Aug, BayWing. Retrieved August 22, 2019, from <http://www.baywing.net/wp/index.php/2006/08/26/ritka-at-home-25-aug/>MLA citation:
Elsberry, Wesley. "Ritka at Home 25 Aug." 26 Aug. 2006. BayWing. Accessed 22 Aug. 2019. <http://www.baywing.net/wp/index.php/2006/08/26/ritka-at-home-25-aug/>


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Here is an opportunity to own a great family home with lots of room for a growing family. Recent upgrades include new laminate flooring, new boiler, new water heater, new water softener and much more. There is a large 3 car garage and a new fenced in back yard.
Legal:Corbin & Lawler S 1/2 Lot 5, All Lots 6, 7, 8N 1/2 of Lot 9 Block 49
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Favourite movies and seriesby BridgitteVonHammersmark | created - 01 Jan 2014 | updated - 05 Jul 2014 | Public
- Instant Watch Options
- Genres
- Movies or TV
- IMDb Rating
- In Theaters
- On TV
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1. Gangs of New York (2002)
R | 167 min | Crime, Drama
In 1862, Amsterdam Vallon returns to the Five Points area of New York City seeking revenge against Bill the Butcher, his father's killer.
Director: Martin Scorsese | Stars: Leonardo DiCaprio, Cameron Diaz, Daniel Day-Lewis, Jim Broadbent
Votes: 375,443 | Gross: $77.81M
Daniel Day Lewis' best performance to date. Riveting. And although it's fiction, it's a pretty accurate depiction of New York at that time from what I've read about the history of New York. I think New York is the most fascinating city in the U.S.
2. The Departed (2006)
R | 151 min | Crime, Drama, Thriller
An undercover cop and a mole in the police attempt to identify each other while infiltrating an Irish gang in South Boston.
Director: Martin Scorsese | Stars: Leonardo DiCaprio, Matt Damon, Jack Nicholson, Mark Wahlberg
Votes: 1,089,122 | Gross: $132.38M
This film transferred DiCaprio from a boy to a man, not necessarily literally but character wise. I have never seen him play boyish roles after this film. And the plot twists were truly intriguing. Jack Nicholson also gave a stellar performance even though he is quite old by now.
3. Shutter Island (2010)
R | 138 min | Mystery, Thriller
In 1954, a U.S. Marshal investigates the disappearance of a murderer, who escaped from a hospital for the criminally insane.
Director: Martin Scorsese | Stars: Leonardo DiCaprio, Emily Mortimer, Mark Ruffalo, Ben Kingsley
Votes: 1,019,820 | Gross: $128.01M
Officially turned me into a fan of the DiCaprio/Scorsese combo. They do bring out the best in eachother. Again, great plot twist and Scorsese officially pulled off making a mental institution and mental illness scary. DiCaprio plays good crazy and good drug addict.
4. Chicago (2002)
PG-13 | 113 min | Comedy, Crime, Musical
Two death-row murderesses develop a fierce rivalry while competing for publicity, celebrity, and a sleazy lawyer's attention.
Director: Rob Marshall | Stars: Renée Zellweger, Catherine Zeta-Jones, Richard Gere, Taye Diggs
Votes: 202,703 | Gross: $170.69M
I HATE musicals, Moulin Rouge couldn't even do it for me. But Chicago won me over. Why? I couldn't tell you. I truly did fid it good entertainment.
5. Saw V (2008)
R | 92 min | Horror, Mystery, Thriller
Following Jigsaw's grisly demise, Mark Hoffman is commended as a hero, but Agent Strahm is suspicious, and delves into Hoffman's past. Meanwhile, another group of people are put through a series of gruesome tests.
Director: David Hackl | Stars: Scott Patterson, Costas Mandylor, Tobin Bell, Betsy Russell
Votes: 107,769 | Gross: $56.75M
6. Saw IV (2007)
R | 93 min | Horror, Mystery, Thriller
Despite Jigsaw's death, and in order to save the lives of two of his colleagues, Lieutenant Rigg is forced to take part in a new game, which promises to test him to the limit.
Director: Darren Lynn Bousman | Stars: Tobin Bell, Scott Patterson, Louis Ferreira, Costas Mandylor
Votes: 132,193 | Gross: $63.30M
7. Saw III (2006)
R | 108 min | Horror, Mystery, Thriller
Jigsaw abducts a doctor in order to keep himself alive while he watches his new apprentice put an unlucky citizen named Jeff through a brutal test.
Director: Darren Lynn Bousman | Stars: Tobin Bell, Shawnee Smith, Angus Macfadyen, Bahar Soomekh
Votes: 167,720 | Gross: $80.24M
8. Saw II (2005)
R | 93 min | Horror, Mystery
A detective and his team must rescue 8 people trapped in a factory by the twisted serial killer known as Jigsaw.
Director: Darren Lynn Bousman | Stars: Donnie Wahlberg, Beverley Mitchell, Franky G, Emmanuelle Vaugier
Votes: 219,485 | Gross: $87.04M
9. Saw (2004)
R | 103 min | Horror, Mystery, Thriller
Two strangers, who awaken in a room with no recollection of how they got there, soon discover they're pawns in a deadly game perpetrated by a notorious serial killer.
Director: James Wan | Stars: Cary Elwes, Leigh Whannell, Danny Glover, Ken Leung
Votes: 355,149 | Gross: $56.00M
I love all of the Saw movies. They satisfy my need for gore porn but they're not too gross like Hostel, which I cannot stomach. Even though the storyline is weak I can look past it.
10. Trainspotting (1996)
R | 93 min | Drama
Renton, deeply immersed in the Edinburgh drug scene, tries to clean up and get out, despite the allure of the drugs and influence of friends.
Director: Danny Boyle | Stars: Ewan McGregor, Ewen Bremner, Jonny Lee Miller, Kevin McKidd
Votes: 594,534 | Gross: $16.50M
I like it for the fact that it's about heroin addiction and I was a drug addict once upon a time. The display was very acurate, more so than Requiem For A Dream. It also added humor to a horrible subject.
11. RocknRolla (2008)
R | 114 min | Action, Crime, Thriller
In London, a real-estate scam puts millions of pounds up for grabs, attracting some of the city's scrappiest tough guys and its more established underworld types, all of whom are looking to get rich quick. While the city's seasoned criminals vie for the cash, an unexpected player -- a drugged-out rock 'n' roller presumed to be dead but very much alive -- has a multi-million-dollar prize fall into... See full summary »
Director: Guy Ritchie | Stars: Gerard Butler, Tom Wilkinson, Idris Elba, Thandie Newton
Votes: 221,404 | Gross: $5.69M
Guy Richie is very character driven, meaning the characters 'character' is just as important as the story, if not more. His characters are the main source of entertainment and they are all eccentric in their own ways. I'd like to see Ritchie's friend list on his smartphone. He seems to truly appreciate eccentricity.
12. Cloud Atlas (2012)
R | 172 min | Action, Drama, Mystery
An exploration of how the actions of individual lives impact one another in the past, present and future, as one soul is shaped from a killer into a hero, and an act of kindness ripples across centuries to inspire a revolution.
Directors: Tom Tykwer, Lana Wachowski, Lilly Wachowski | Stars: Tom Hanks, Halle Berry, Hugh Grant, Hugo Weaving
Votes: 328,527 | Gross: $27.11M
13. True Detective (2014– )
TV-MA | 55 min | Crime, Drama, Mystery
Seasonal anthology series in which police investigations unearth the personal and professional secrets of those involved, both within and outside the law.
Stars: Vince Vaughn, Colin Farrell, Rachel McAdams, Taylor Kitsch
Votes: 451,422
14. No Country for Old Men (2007)
R | 122 min | Crime, Drama, Thriller
Violence and mayhem ensue after a hunter stumbles upon a drug deal gone wrong and more than two million dollars in cash near the Rio Grande.
Directors: Ethan Coen, Joel Coen | Stars: Tommy Lee Jones, Javier Bardem, Josh Brolin, Woody Harrelson
Votes: 776,110 | Gross: $74.28M
15. There Will Be Blood (2007)
R | 158 min | Drama
A story of family, religion, hatred, oil and madness, focusing on a turn-of-the-century prospector in the early days of the business.
Director: Paul Thomas Anderson | Stars: Daniel Day-Lewis, Paul Dano, Ciarán Hinds, Martin Stringer
Votes: 468,982 | Gross: $40.22M
16. Natural Born Killers (1994)
R | 118 min | Crime, Drama
Two victims of traumatized childhoods become lovers and psychopathic serial murderers irresponsibly glorified by the mass media.
Director: Oliver Stone | Stars: Woody Harrelson, Juliette Lewis, Tom Sizemore, Rodney Dangerfield
Votes: 201,930 | Gross: $50.28M
17. The Stone Angel (2007)
R | 116 min | Drama
A 90-year-old woman, rapidly losing her memory and knowing that sooner or later her life will be over, returns to the Manitoba farmhouse she grew up in to try and make peace with her dysfunctional family.
Director: Kari Skogland | Stars: Ellen Burstyn, Christine Horne, Ellen Page, Dylan Baker
Votes: 1,598 | Gross: $0.46M
18. The Iceman (2012)
R | 106 min | Biography, Crime, Drama
The story of Richard Kuklinski, the notorious contract killer and family man. When finally arrested in 1986, neither his wife nor daughters had any clue about his real profession.
Director: Ariel Vromen | Stars: Michael Shannon, Chris Evans, James Franco, Winona Ryder
Votes: 66,107 | Gross: $1.94M
19. Bringing Out the Dead (1999)
R | 121 min | Drama, Thriller
Haunted by the patients he failed to save, an extremely burned-out Manhattan ambulance paramedic fights to maintain his sanity over three fraught and turbulent nights.
Director: Martin Scorsese | Stars: Nicolas Cage, Patricia Arquette, John Goodman, Ving Rhames
Votes: 59,340 | Gross: $16.64M
20. The Basketball Diaries (1995)
R | 102 min | Biography, Crime, Drama
A teenager finds his dreams of becoming a basketball star threatened after he free falls into the harrowing world of drug addiction.
Director: Scott Kalvert | Stars: Leonardo DiCaprio, Lorraine Bracco, Marilyn Sokol, James Madio
Votes: 95,118 | Gross: $2.42M
21. Marie Antoinette (2006)
PG-13 | 123 min | Biography, Drama, History
The retelling of France's iconic but ill-fated queen, Marie Antoinette. From her betrothal and marriage to Louis XVI at 15 to her reign as queen at 19 and to the end of her reign as queen, and ultimately the fall of Versailles.
Director: Sofia Coppola | Stars: Kirsten Dunst, Jason Schwartzman, Rip Torn, Judy Davis
Votes: 93,706 | Gross: $15.96M
22. Melancholia (2011)
R | 135 min | Drama, Sci-Fi
Two sisters find their already strained relationship challenged as a mysterious new planet threatens to collide with Earth.
Director: Lars von Trier | Stars: Kirsten Dunst, Charlotte Gainsbourg, Kiefer Sutherland, Alexander Skarsgård
Votes: 154,903 | Gross: $3.03M
23. Kill Bill: Vol. 1 (2003)
R | 111 min | Action, Crime, Thriller
After awakening from a four-year coma, a former assassin wreaks vengeance on the team of assassins who betrayed her.
Director: Quentin Tarantino | Stars: Uma Thurman, David Carradine, Daryl Hannah, Michael Madsen
Votes: 918,583 | Gross: $70.10M
24. Kill Bill: Vol. 2 (2004)
R | 137 min | Action, Crime, Thriller
The Bride continues her quest of vengeance against her former boss and lover Bill, the reclusive bouncer Budd, and the treacherous, one-eyed Elle.
Director: Quentin Tarantino | Stars: Uma Thurman, David Carradine, Michael Madsen, Daryl Hannah
Votes: 625,314 | Gross: $66.21M
25. Django Unchained (2012)
R | 165 min | Drama, Western
With the help of a German bounty hunter, a freed slave sets out to rescue his wife from a brutal Mississippi plantation owner.
Director: Quentin Tarantino | Stars: Jamie Foxx, Christoph Waltz, Leonardo DiCaprio, Kerry Washington
Votes: 1,229,270 | Gross: $162.81M
26. Inglourious Basterds (2009)
R | 153 min | Adventure, Drama, War
In Nazi-occupied France during World War II, a plan to assassinate Nazi leaders by a group of Jewish U.S. soldiers coincides with a theatre owner's vengeful plans for the same.
Director: Quentin Tarantino | Stars: Brad Pitt, Diane Kruger, Eli Roth, Mélanie Laurent
Votes: 1,140,281 | Gross: $120.54M
27. Pulp Fiction (1994)
R | 154 min | Crime, Drama
The lives of two mob hitmen, a boxer, a gangster and his wife, and a pair of diner bandits intertwine in four tales of violence and redemption.
Director: Quentin Tarantino | Stars: John Travolta, Uma Thurman, Samuel L. Jackson, Bruce Willis
Votes: 1,666,735 | Gross: $107.93M
28. Donnie Darko (2001)
R | 113 min | Drama, Sci-Fi, Thriller
A troubled teenager is plagued by visions of a man in a large rabbit suit who manipulates him to commit a series of crimes, after he narrowly escapes a bizarre accident.
Director: Richard Kelly | Stars: Jake Gyllenhaal, Jena Malone, Mary McDonnell, Holmes Osborne
Votes: 703,783 | Gross: $1.48M
29. The Messenger: The Story of Joan of Arc (1999)
R | 148 min | Adventure, Biography, Drama
A young girl receives a vision that drives her to rid France of its oppressors.
Director: Luc Besson | Stars: Milla Jovovich, John Malkovich, Rab Affleck, Stéphane Algoud
Votes: 61,484 | Gross: $14.28M
30. Sid and Nancy (1986)
R | 112 min | Biography, Drama, Music
The relationship between Sid Vicious, bassist for British punk group Sex Pistols, and his girlfriend Nancy Spungen is portrayed.
Director: Alex Cox | Stars: Gary Oldman, Chloe Webb, David Hayman, Debby Bishop
Votes: 27,655 | Gross: $2.83M
31. Casino (1995)
R | 178 min | Crime, Drama
A tale of greed, deception, money, power, and murder occur between two best friends: a mafia enforcer and a casino executive, compete against each other over a gambling empire, and over a fast living and fast loving socialite.
Director: Martin Scorsese | Stars: Robert De Niro, Sharon Stone, Joe Pesci, James Woods
Votes: 419,023 | Gross: $42.44M
32. Goodfellas (1990)
R | 146 min | Biography, Crime, Drama
The story of Henry Hill and his life in the mob, covering his relationship with his wife Karen Hill and his mob partners Jimmy Conway and Tommy DeVito in the Italian-American crime syndicate.
Director: Martin Scorsese | Stars: Robert De Niro, Ray Liotta, Joe Pesci, Lorraine Bracco
Votes: 918,646 | Gross: $46.84M
33. Game of Thrones (2011–2019)
TV-MA | 57 min | Action, Adventure, Drama
Nine noble families fight for control over the mythical lands of Westeros, while an ancient enemy returns after being dormant for thousands of years.
Stars: Emilia Clarke, Peter Dinklage, Kit Harington, Lena Headey
Votes: 1,579,559
34. Six Feet Under (2001–2005)
TV-MA | 55 min | Comedy, Drama
A chronicle of the lives of a dysfunctional family who run an independent funeral home in Los Angeles.
Stars: Peter Krause, Michael C. Hall, Frances Conroy, Lauren Ambrose
Votes: 111,883
35. Sexy Beast (2000)
R | 89 min | Crime, Drama, Thriller
Brutal gangster Don Logan recruits "retired" safecracker Gal for one last job, but it goes badly for both of them.
Director: Jonathan Glazer | Stars: Ray Winstone, Ben Kingsley, Ian McShane, Amanda Redman
Votes: 50,603 | Gross: $6.95M
36. Boardwalk Empire (2010–2014)
TV-MA | 55 min | Crime, Drama, History
An Atlantic City, New Jersey politician plays both sides of the law, conspiring with gangsters during the Prohibition era.
Stars: Steve Buscemi, Kelly Macdonald, Michael Shannon, Shea Whigham
Votes: 161,325


text:
Average price per night, tax included
The hotel is located on Sheikh Khalifa Bin Zayed Road, within easy reach of the main business centres in UAE, and the famous Ajman Beach Road as well as the major shopping and commercial areas in the city. The hotel is close to the Hamriyah Sharjah and Ajman Free Zones and guests will have easy access to Emirates Road and be within close proximity of the Emirates of Ras Al Khaimah and Umm Al Quwain. Jumeirah Beach is approximately 7 km from the city hotel, Dubai Museum and Burjuman shopping centre are around 1 km away, and Burj Khalifa is roughly 7 km away. The hotel is around 20 minutes from Sharjah International Airport, 30 minutes from Dubai International Airport, and 10 minutes from Sharjah.


text:
- The firm has raised more than €150 million ($167 million) for the fund and made six investments, including a German university complex, a Swedish school, Italian and Danish hospitals, and health center and nursing home facilities in the U.K.
Beyond Coal: Three tech-driven projects model a more diverse and sustainable Appalachian economy
- In part two of ImpactAlpha's series on Appalachia's post-coal future, three projects offer a potential roadmap for other communities looking to diversify away from coal.
Beyond Coal: Seeding Appalachia's sustainable future with public and private capital
- The signals that the world is moving beyond coal are clear. What comes next in communities long-dependent on coal jobs and economic activity is less so.
Prudential backs Aura to help underbanked customers build their financial futures
- Aura is a community development financial institution that offers starter lines of credit to the 66 million un- and under-banked adults in the U.S.
Aunt Bertha raises $16 million to help people connect to community services
- Healthcare-focused investment firm Noro-Moseley Partners led Aunt Bertha's funding round. Digitalis Ventures, Techstars Ventures, Techstars Impact, Capital Factory also participated.
NeedsList raises $1 million for nonprofit crowdfunding platform
- The organization closed a $1 million funding round from Amplio Ventures, Marigold Capital, Omidyar Network, Next Wave Impact, Silicon Valley Social Ventures and the Kuo Sharper Fund.
Getting smarter about place-based investing
- "Place-based impact investing is no longer a solo endeavor for many foundations across the United States," write Mission Investors Exchange's Melanie Audette, MacArthur Foundation's John Balbach and Urban Institute's Shena Ashley.


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text:
BDSA industry trend series, Issue 1
U.S. Govt. Print.Off., 1968 - Business & Economics
What people are saying - Write a review
We haven't found any reviews in the usual places.
Other editions - View all
Common terms and phrases
ACOEO PER PROOUCTION AOCEO AS PAYROLL AOOEO SHIPMENTS EXPENOITURES CANNEC CAPITAL NUMBER PAYROLL Census classified in industry dollars EMPLOYEE WORKER WORKER EMPLOYMENT PROOUCTION WORKERS engaged in manufacturing Establishments primarily engaged flour food and kindred food and tobacco four-digit FROZEN HOURS PER PERCENT HOURS WAGES AOOEO included industry group Itl Itl Itl kindred products meat nn n8 NUMBER MAN HOURS NUMBER PAYROLL NUMBER OOLLAR OF WORKER PAYROLL PER SHIPMENTS process cheese product classes production workers PROOUCTION HOURS PROOUCTION PROOUCT PROOUCTION PROOUCTION PROOUCTION SHIPMENTS EMPLOYEE PROOUCTION WORKERS VALUE ratios SHIPMENTS EMPLOYEE WORKER SHIPMENTS PER AOOEO sirup TOBACCO MANUFACTURING TOTAL EMPLOYMENT PROOUCTION value added VALUE CAPITAL NUMBER value of shipments VALUE OF VALUE VALUE VALUE CAPITAL VALUE VALUE WAGES VALUE WAGES VALUE WAGES AOOEO SHIPMENTS WAGES MAN-HOUR WORKER WAGES PER ANNUAL WAGFS WORKER PROOUCTION SHIPMENTS WORKER WAGES MAN-HOUR WORKER WORKER WAGES WORKER WORKER WORKER WORKERS VALUE VALUE


text:
Private accounts (and/or private Reviews, Diary Entries and Ratings)
I'd like the option if keeping my account private, like how Twitter handles private accounts.
We're thinking more about this now that our API is nearing.
In the meantime, note that you can block any member from following you or posting comments on your content (look for the Flag icon on the member's page).
95 comments
Anony commented
I thought that would be the perfect website to import my offline film list and reviews, but not being able to have a private profile and reviews is a no go for me. I hope that changes but as I see that thing has been dragged for years now with no visible resolution.
Evilalien commented
Can you include an option where we choose whether our submission is seen by friends or not? So when they sign in, the home page doesn't show what film we watched recently in the "news from friends" section.
Kevin commented
I would love the ability to have a private diary with information I want to keep about films. For instance, I keep a rating of sound and picture quality for each movie in a spreadsheet. I would love if your software had a way I could do this. I would love to be able to add my own movie notes and other rating scales in my diary. Some of this stuff I would not want to be public. Thanks for all the team has done thus far.
Yes! I really want it too! SOmetimes I would like to write free words or sentences to my private apointments end don't want anybody can see it...
Hello, I''m from Brazil and a I love to be in the letterboxd net. I have one suggestion: we have the possibility to write rewies that only us or who we want can see. Thanks a lot!
Michelledru commented
I really want this feature too. The ability to add private notes to a watched film would allow me to use the site in the way that I wanted to when I first discovered it.
I have kept checking back, for more than two years now, to see whether any privacy features have been added and I am always disappointed to see that no progress has been made.
Michelledru commented
Please could you make this one of your top priorities? We've been waiting for this feature for so long now.
I was so happy to find this site initially but I haven't been able to use it how I wanted to without privacy features.
Wes Ballls commented
Planned since 2013? C'mon, guys! Sort this shit out. What social networking site doesn't have privacy features? Ridiculous.
DavidB commented
I'll add myself to the list of people to whom this feature is very important. I can't think of other social media sites (Twitter, Instagram, Facebook is my limited sample set) on which you can't set things as private or control which of your friends have access to what.
SarahT commented
Just wanted to add that I think this is the most important feature to add. For an example, look at the Untappd App, where people log, review and suggest craft beers. It has a huge community but users can decide to have a private account and just share reviews with friends, or keep it public.
Robert Carey commented
Hi there!
Seems like a basic thing that would be greatly appreciated--personally, I would like to feel free to discuss politics in my reviews without worrying about potential employers reading them. If not a way to make the entire profile private, then perhaps a way of making reviews private?
Yes please! Or even just have the option to make our reviews private, without having to add them to a list
JM commented
Still holding out hope that private accounts will be available. Had to pull my account down to wait it out. Was Pro and would be Pro again if this happened.
rpupkin commented
YES YES YES PLEASE PLEASE PLEASE. this is the only thing keeping me from upgrading.
It is still planned, but not at the top of the priority list yet. The best solution is not to put any identifying info or links on your profile, and choose a username that likewise doesn't identify you.
Is this still planned? I'm really uncomfortable about having my entire profile completely public. I'd like to just share my films lists with friends.
Cormac commented
I very much want this feature, too! I came to Feedback to suggest just such a thing for the same reasons that others are mentioning.
- Cormac Jones
corey commented
I would also like the ability to add private notes to a watched film. I actually think it is a missed opportunity for those of us who study film to be able to keep private thoughts and reflections about a film in the same space as the log recording what we have watched. I have no interest in joining the vast number of people posting public reviews and opinion pieces, yet I love your service for helping me keep what I have watched and when all in one space. Thanks for your time
I like to make notes about where I saw the movie, who I was with, etc. These aren't things that are particularly private but they also aren't something I'd want cluttering up other peoples' screens.
Only you can view your account.


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The Quests Continue!
The quests continue in South Royalton with a new Valley Quest created by Claire Epchook's AP Geography class.read more
Jeffersonville Community Adds to the Lamoille Paddlers Trail
Just across the covered bridge from the rail trail in Jeffersonville, Vermont, is now the sight of a new picnic area, launch site, and trail to the access point for the Lamoille Paddlers Trail. Members of the paddlers club, which is a volunteer driven, community...read more
Sensory Welcome Garden at Guilford Central School
RiseVT-Windham County awarded an amplify grant to Guilford Central School to design and create a sensory garden. The plants in the garden provide the students and the community with opportunities to engage their senses, reducing stress and welcoming them into the...read more
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RiseVT in Windsor County worked with their Planning and Evaluation Workgroup made up of community partners to develop a strategy to increase the healthy options at local food shelves. This project was twofold: put out a call for specific healthy food donations and...read more
Rise to 5K Lit a Spark
Kim Curtis submitted this story as part of our Rise to 5K story contest. Kim challenged herself and found support among her training group partners to run a 5K race and continue jogging afterward! I had just turned 50 and read about the Rise VT 5K training. I've tried...read more
After First 5K, Running is Infectious!
Lauren Brookes submitted this photo and caption as part of our Rise to 5K story contest. Way to go with keeping up with your running after your first 5K! My first 5K was the Run for Jim and it was such an amazing experience running with people young and old coming...read more
Rise to 5K Training Group Made Me a Stronger Runner
William Scalese submitted this story as part of our Rise to 5K story contest. William won third place with this story of the Rise to 5K training group pushing him to be a stronger runner! I have been a runner in the past, but I never really committed to training...read more
Rise to 5K for Good Health
Jonathan Billings submitted this story as part of our Rise to 5K story contest. Jonathan won second place with this story of the Rise to 5K training schedule getting him back into running for good health! I wanted to share my story to say thank you for the online 5k...read more
Rise to 5K Gave Me More Energy and New Friends!
Lysette Marchegiani submitted this story as part of our Rise to 5K story contest. Lysette won first place with this story of her local Rise to 5K running group making a big difference in her life! Hi my name is Lyssette. I moved to Bennington, Vermont 2 years ago from...read more
Blog Re-Post: Vital Communities Valley Quest
This blog post was originally posted on the Vital Communities blog. The post shares recent updates from the Valley Quest project in Windsor County which is supported by RiseVT-Windsor County. Valley Quest is an award-winning, place-based education program that uses...read more
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Label this plum tree graph to make it totally magic!
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Show there are exactly 12 magic labellings of the Magic W using the numbers 1 to 9. Prove that for every labelling with a magic total T there is a corresponding labelling with a magic total 30-T.
Imagine a large cube made from small red cubes being dropped into a pot of yellow paint. How many of the small cubes will have yellow paint on their faces?
Some students have been working out the number of strands needed for different sizes of cable. Can you make sense of their solutions?
The opposite vertices of a square have coordinates (a,b) and (c,d). What are the coordinates of the other vertices?
Jo made a cube from some smaller cubes, painted some of the faces of the large cube, and then took it apart again. 45 small cubes had no paint on them at all. How many small cubes did Jo use?
A cyclist and a runner start off simultaneously around a race track each going at a constant speed. The cyclist goes all the way around and then catches up with the runner. He then instantly turns. . . .
Show that all pentagonal numbers are one third of a triangular number.
Can you find a rule which relates triangular numbers to square numbers?
Can you find a rule which connects consecutive triangular numbers?
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Two motorboats travelling up and down a lake at constant speeds leave opposite ends A and B at the same instant, passing each other, for the first time 600 metres from A, and on their return, 400. . . .
Show that for natural numbers x and y if x/y > 1 then x/y>(x+1)/(y+1}>1. Hence prove that the product for i=1 to n of [(2i)/(2i-1)] tends to infinity as n tends to infinity.
How many winning lines can you make in a three-dimensional version of noughts and crosses?
Brian swims at twice the speed that a river is flowing, downstream from one moored boat to another and back again, taking 12 minutes altogether. How long would it have taken him in still water?
Can you use the diagram to prove the AM-GM inequality?
Given any two polynomials in a single variable it is always possible to eliminate the variable and obtain a formula showing the relationship between the two polynomials. Try this one.
A, B & C own a half, a third and a sixth of a coin collection. Each grab some coins, return some, then share equally what they had put back, finishing with their own share. How rich are they?
By considering powers of (1+x), show that the sum of the squares of the binomial coefficients from 0 to n is 2nCn
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How to build your own magic squares.
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Take any pair of two digit numbers x=ab and y=cd where, without loss of generality, ab > cd . Form two 4 digit numbers r=abcd and s=cdab and calculate: {r^2 - s^2} /{x^2 - y^2}.
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To find the integral of a polynomial, evaluate it at some special points and add multiples of these values.
This article explains how to make your own magic square to mark a special occasion with the special date of your choice on the top line.
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Account of an investigation which starts from the area of an annulus and leads to the formula for the difference of two squares.
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text:
A mobile ad hoc network consists of wireless hosts that may move often. Movement of hosts results in a change in routes,
requiring some mechanism for determining new routes. Several routing protocols have already been proposed for ad hoc networks.
This paper suggests an approach to utilize location information (for instance, obtained using the global positioning system) to improve
performance of routing protocols for ad hoc networks. By using location information, the proposed Location-Aided Routing (LAR)
protocols limit the search for a new route to a smaller "request zone" of the ad hoc network. This results in a significant reduction in
the number of routing messages. We present two algorithms to determine the request zone, and also suggest potential optimizations to
our algorithms.
3.2. Preliminaries
Location information
The proposed approach is termed Location-Aided Rout-
ing (LAR), as it makes use of location information to re-
duce routing overhead. Location information used in the
LAR protocol may be provided by the Global Positioning Figure 2. Examples of expected zone.
System (GPS) [10,15,26,29]. With the availability of GPS,
it is possible for a mobile host to know its physical lo-
cation.3 In reality, position information provided by GPS destination D is moving north, then the circular expected
includes some amount of error, which is the difference zone in figure 2(a) can be reduced to a semi-circle, as in
between GPS-calculated coordinates and the real coordi- figure 2(b).
nates. For instance, NAVSTAR Global Positioning System
has positional accuracy of about 50–100 m and Differential Request zone. Again, consider node S that needs to de-
GPS offers accuracies of a few meters [15,26]. In our ini- termine a route to node D. The proposed LAR algorithms
tial discussion, we assume that each host knows its current use flooding with one modification. Node S defines (im-
location precisely (i.e., no error). However, the ideas sug- plicitly or explicitly) a request zone for the route request.
gested here can also be applied when the location is known A node forwards a route request only if it belongs to the
only approximately – section 4 considers this possibility. request zone (unlike the flooding algorithm in section 3.1).
In this paper, we assume that the mobile nodes are mov- To increase the probability that the route request will reach
ing in a two-dimensional plane. node D, the request zone should include the expected zone
(described above). Additionally, the request zone may also
Expected zone and request zone include other regions around the request zone. There are
Expected zone. Consider a node S that needs to find a two reasons for this:
route to node D. Assume that node S knows that node D
was at location L at time t0 , and that the current time is • When the expected zone does not include host S, a path
t1 . Then, the "expected zone" of node D, from the view- from host S to host D must include hosts outside the
point of node S at time t1 , is the region that node S expects expected zone. Therefore, additional region must be
to contain node D at time t1 . Node S can determine the included in the request zone, so that S and D both be-
expected zone based on the knowledge that node D was long to the request zone (for instance, as shown in fig-
at location L at time t0 . For instance, if node S knows ure 3(a)).
that node D travels with average speed v, then S may as-
• The request zone in figure 3(a) includes the expected
sume that the expected zone is the circular region of radius
zone from figure 2(a). Is this an adequate request zone?
v(t1 − t0 ), centered at location L (see figure 2(a)). If ac-
In the example in figure 3(b), all paths from S to D in-
tual speed happens to be larger than the average, then the
destination may actually be outside the expected zone at clude hosts that are outside the request zone. Thus, there
time t1 . Thus, expected zone is only an estimate made by is no guarantee that a path can be found consisting only
node S to determine a region that potentially contains D of the hosts in a chosen request zone. Therefore, if a
at time t1 . In general, it is also possible to define v to be route is not discovered within a suitable timeout period,
the maximum speed (instead of the average) or some other our protocol allows S to initiate a new route discov-
measure of the speed distribution. ery with an expanded request zone – in our simulations,
If node S does not know a previous location of node D, the expanded zone includes the entire network space. In
then node S cannot reasonably determine the expected zone this event, however, the latency in determining the route
– in this case, the entire region that may potentially be to D will be longer (as more than one round of route
occupied by the ad hoc network is assumed to be the ex- request propagation will be needed).
pected zone. In this case, our algorithm reduces to the Note that the probability of finding a path (in the first
basic flooding algorithm. In general, having more infor- attempt) can be increased by increasing the size of the
mation regarding mobility of a destination node, can result initial request zone (for instance, see figure 3(c)). How-
in a smaller expected zone. For instance, if S knows that ever, route discovery overhead also increases with the
size of the request zone. Thus, there exists a trade-off
3 Current GPS provides accurate three-dimensional position (latitude, lon- between latency of route determination and the message
gitude and altitude), velocity and precise time traceable to Coordinated
Universal Time (UTC) [12].
310 Y.-B. Ko, N.H. Vaidya / Location-Aided Routing (LAR) in mobile ad hoc networks
Figure 3. Request zone. An edge between two nodes means that they are neighbors.
bors, because I determines that it is within the rectangular DISTs value received in the route request by DISTi ,
request zone. However, when node J receives the route re- before forwarding the route request).
quest, node J discards the request, as node J is not within • Else α(DISTs )+β < DISTi . In this case, node I discards
the request zone (see figure 4(a)). the route request.
When node D receives the route request message, it
replies by sending a route reply message (as in the flooding When some node J receives the route request (originated
algorithm). However, in case of LAR, node D includes its by node S) from node I, it applies a criteria similar to above:
current location and current time in the route reply message. if node J has received this request previously, it discards
When node S receives this route reply message (ending its the request. Otherwise, node J calculates its distance from
route discovery), it records the location of node D. Node S (Xd , Yd ), denoted as DISTj . Now,
can use this information to determine the request zone for a • The route request received from node I includes DISTi .
future route discovery. (It is also possible for D to include If α(DISTi ) + β > DISTj , then node J forwards the
its current speed, or average speed over a recent time inter- request to its neighbors (unless node J is the destination
val, with the route reply message. This information could for the route request). Before forwarding the request, J
be used in a future route discovery. In our simulations, we replaces the DISTi value in the route request by DISTj .
assume that all nodes know each other's average speed.)
• Else α(DISTi )+β < DISTj . In this case, node J discards
the request.
Size of the request zone. Note that the size of the rec-
tangular request zone above is proportional to (i) average Thus, a node J forwards a route request forwarded by I
speed of movement v, and (ii) time elapsed since the last (originated by node S), if J is "closer" to or "not much
known location of the destination was recorded. In our farther" from (Xd , Yd ) than node I. For the purpose of per-
implementation, the sender comes to know location of the formance evaluation, initially we use α = 1 and β = 0 in
destination only at the end of a route discovery (as noted in the next section. Nonzero α and β may be used to trade-off
the previous paragraph). At low speeds, route discoveries the probability of finding a route on the first attempt with
occur after long intervals, because routes break less often the cost of finding the route. Nonzero α and β may also
(thus, t1 − t0 is large). So, although factor (i) above is be appropriate when location error is nonzero, or when
small, factor (ii) becomes large at low speeds, potentially the hosts are likely to move significant distances during the
resulting in a larger request zone. At high speeds as well, time required to perform route discovery. To see how the
for similar reasons, a large request zone may be observed. parameters of α and β affect the routing overhead, we do
So, in general, a smaller request zone may occur at speeds more simulations with the change of those parameters in
that are neither too small, nor too large. For low speeds, section 4.2.
it is possible to reduce the size of the request zone by Figure 5 illustrates the difference between the two LAR
piggybacking the location information on other packets, in schemes. Consider figure 5(a) for LAR scheme 1. When
addition to route replies (this optimization is not evaluated nodes I and K receive the route request for node D (orig-
here). inated by node S), they forward the route request, as both
I and K are within the rectangular request zone. On the
3.3.2. LAR scheme 2 other hand, when node N receives the route request, it dis-
In LAR scheme 1, source S explicitly specifies the re- cards the request, as N is outside the rectangular request
quest zone in its route request message. In scheme 2, node zone. Now consider figure 5(b) for LAR scheme 2 (as-
S includes two pieces of information with its route request: sume α = 1 and β = 0). When nodes N and I receive the
route request from node S, both forward the route request to
• Assume that node S knows the location (Xd , Yd ) of
their neighbors, because N and I are both closer to (Xd , Yd )
node D at some time t0 – the time at which route discov-
than node S. When node K receives the route request from
ery is initiated by node S is t1 , where t1 > t0 . Node S
node I, node K discards the route request, as K is farther
calculates its distance from location (Xd , Yd ), denoted as
from (Xd , Yd ) than node I. Observe that nodes N and K
DISTs , and includes this distance with the route request
take different actions when using the two LAR schemes.
• The coordinates (Xd , Yd ) are also included with the route Error in location estimate. In the above, we assume that
request. each node knows its own location accurately. However, in
reality there may be some error in the estimated location.
When a node I receives the route request from sender
Let e denote the maximum error in the coordinates esti-
node S, node I calculates its distance from location (Xd , Yd ),
mated by a node. Thus, if a node N believes that it is at
denoted as DISTi , and:
location (Xn , Yn ), then the actual location of node N may
• For some parameters α and β, if α(DISTs )+β > DISTi , be anywhere in the circle of radius e centered at (Xn , Yn ).
then node I forwards the request to its neighbors. When In the next section, we will refer to e as location er-
node I forwards the route request, it now includes DISTi ror. In the above LAR schemes, we assume that node S
and (Xd , Yd ) in the route request (i.e., it replaces the obtained the location (Xd , Yd ) of node D at time t0 , from
312 Y.-B. Ko, N.H. Vaidya / Location-Aided Routing (LAR) in mobile ad hoc networks
4. Performance evaluation
Table 1
95% confidence intervals (C.I.) for mean.
Average speed
(units/s) C.I. for mean Flooding LAR 1 LAR 2
4.3. Impact of location error ror is 0. Observe that the increase in routing overhead
is small.
As noted at the end of the previous section, the location With a larger location error, the size of request zone in-
of a node estimated using GPS may include some error, say creases – in figures 13(a) and (b) area of the request zone
e, which causes each estimated coordinate (X and Y ) to be is plotted as a fraction of the 1000 unit × 1000 unit net-
in error by at most e units. In the above simulations, we work area. Increase in request zone size usually contributes
assumed e = 0. Figure 12 shows how the location error to an increase in routing overhead. However, routing over-
affects routing overhead (i.e., number of routing packets head, when location error is increased, may also decrease.
per data packet). This is because, when the size of request zone is larger, the
In figure 12, our schemes continue to perform better probability that the discovery will succeed on the first at-
than flooding for the chosen parameters (i.e., average speed, tempt is larger, which can result in smaller number of RPs
number of nodes, transmission range). Typically, routing per DP.
overhead for LAR schemes increases with increasing lo- LAR schemes use location information to attempt to im-
cation error. However, although it is hard to see in fig- prove routing performance. Intuition suggests that, when
ure 12(a), the curve for LAR scheme 1 is not monoton- location error is very large, such schemes would not be
ically increasing. Note that the number of routing pack- very effective. Further work is needed to determine at what
ets (RP) per data packet (DP) at e = 75 is smaller than location error levels proposed LAR schemes become inef-
that at e = 50. Figure 12(b) plots the relative increase fective.
in the routing overhead of LAR schemes 1 and 2, when
location error is nonzero, as compared to when the er-
Figure 13. For 30 nodes, average speed 4.5 units/s, and transmission range
Figure 12. For 30 nodes, average speed 4.5 units/s, and transmission 300 units: (a) size of request zone versus location error, (b) percentage
range 300 units: (a) the number of routing packets per data packet versus increase in the size of request zone for the LAR scheme 1. Note that size
location error, (b) percentage increase in the number of routing packets of the request zone for the flooding scheme is always constant (the entire
per data packet versus location error. network).
Y.-B. Ko, N.H. Vaidya / Location-Aided Routing (LAR) in mobile ad hoc networks 317
5. Variations and optimizations the location of node D at time t0 is used to determine the
request zone. Also, location of node S and the time t1 when
5.1. Alternative definitions of request zone the request is originated are also included. Now suppose
that some intermediate node I within Z receives the route
In this paper, we consider two ways of defining a request request at time t2 , where t1 < t2 . More recent location
zone. Several other alternatives may be conceived. For information for D may potentially be known by node I
instance, in the rectangular request zone of LAR scheme 1, (as compared to node S), and the expected zone based on
sender node S may be on the border of the zone (refer that information may be different from previous request
figure 4(a)). Instead, one may define a larger rectangle zone Z. Therefore, request zone initially determined at a
as the request zone. Also, in LAR scheme 1, the sides source node may be adapted at node I.
of the rectangle are always parallel to the X and Y axes. For instance, when using LAR scheme 1, node I may
It is possible to remove this restriction when defining the determine the expected zone using more recent location in-
rectangular region. For instance, one side of the rectangle formation for node D, and define the adapted request zone
may be made parallel to the line connecting the location as the smallest rectangle containing node S and the new
of node S to previous location of D – this approach would expected zone for node D. Similarly, when using LAR
often result in a smaller request zone (see figure 14). scheme 2, node I may calculate distance from the more
In our simulation for the two LAR schemes, the request recent location of destination D that it knows, and use this
zone is expanded to the entire network space when a sender distance in the decision rule (to decide whether to discard
using our algorithm fails to find the route to a destination a route request) of scheme 2.
within a timeout interval. This simple strategy of expanding
the request zone causes performance degradation of LAR 5.3. Another adaptation of request zone
schemes with a smaller transmission range and number of
nodes. This scheme may be improved by increasing the Even though the LAR scheme 2 does not explicitly
request zone gradually. specify the request zone, the request zone at node S can
Definition of a request zone is also dependent on how be thought to be implicitly defined as a circle of radius
much information regarding the mobile hosts is available. αDISTs + β. As the route request packet is propagated
We assume that only average speed of the nodes is known. to various nodes, this implicit request zone is adapted by
It is interesting to consider situations wherein additional an intermediate node I as a circle of radius αDISTi + β, as
information may be available (for instance, direction of shown in figure 15(a). On the other hand, in LAR scheme 1
movement). the request zone is specified explicitly by the source S, and
the request zone is not modified by any intermediate nodes.
5.2. Adaptation of request zone We can improve the performance of LAR scheme 1 by hav-
ing the request zone be adapted at an intermediate nodes I,
Accuracy of a request zone (i.e., probability of finding such that the request zone for the request propagated by
a route to the destination) can be improved by adapting node I includes the current location of I and the expected
the request zone, initially determined by the source node S, zone of the destination D. For instance, in figure 15(b),
with up-to-date location information for host D, which can when node I receives the route request from the source S
be acquired at some intermediate nodes. Let us consider the and forwards the request to its neighbors because I is within
case that node S starts search of a destination node D within the request zone Z (defined by S), it can replace Z by an
a request zone Z at time t1 , which is based on location adapted request zone Z 0 before forwarding the request. By
information about D learned by S at time t0 . Let us assume applying the same reasoning when node J receives the route
that the route request includes the timestamp t0 , because request message from node I, the request zone can be again
Generalizing the above idea, although a rectangular
shape is used for the request zone in LAR scheme 1, any
other form may also be used. For instance, figure 15(c)
shows the case when the request zone is defined as a cone
rooted at node S, such that angle made by the cone is large
enough to include the request zone – the angle made by
the cone may be chosen by some other heuristic as well
(for instance, if the angle is always chosen to be 90 de-
grees, this scheme would become similar to that in fig-
ure 15(b)). Similar to adaptation of the rectangular request
zone in figure 15(b), the cone-shaped request zone may
also be adapted as shown in figure 15(c). This approach
using cone-shaped region is analogous to the approach used
Figure 14. Alternative definitions of request zone for LAR scheme 1. in [3] to deliver data to a destination node. The significant
318 Y.-B. Ko, N.H. Vaidya / Location-Aided Routing (LAR) in mobile ad hoc networks
ily extended to the case when clocks are unsynchronized. [9] B. Das, E. Sivakumar and V. Bhargavan, Routing in ad-hoc networks
When a node X receives location information for another using a spine, in: Proc. of IEEE IC3N '97 (1997).
node Y (for instance, in a route reply packet), node X would [10] G. Dommety and R. Jain, Potential networking applications of global
positioning systems (GPS), Technical report TR-24, The Ohio State
timestamp the information as per its local clock. This infor- University (1996).
mation can be used in a future route discovery, as described [11] R. Dube, C.D. Rais, K.-Y. Wang and S.K. Tripathi, Signal stability
in LAR scheme 1. This approach is likely to perform as based adaptive routing (SSA) for ad hoc mobile networks, IEEE
well as in the case of synchronized clocks, because mes- Personal Communications 4(1) (1997) 36–45.
sage delivery delays are likely to be relatively small. LAR [12] GPS and precision timing applications, available via WWW
scheme 2 does not need synchronized clocks, which may at URL: http://wwwtmo.external.hp.com/tmo/pia/
be considered to be an advantage over scheme 1. [13] Z.J. Haas and M.R. Pearlman, The zone routing protocol (ZRP)
for ad hoc networks (Internet-draft), in: Mobile Ad-hoc Network
(MANET) Working Group, IETF (1998).
6. Conclusion [14] T. Imielinski and J.C. Navas, GPS-based addressing and routing,
Technical report LCSR-TR-262, Rutgers University (March, updated
This paper describes how location information may be August 1996).
used to reduce the routing overhead in ad hoc networks. We [15] Iowa State University GPS page, available via WWW at URL:
present two location-aided routing (LAR) protocols. These http://www.cnde.iastate.edu/gps.html
protocols limit the search for a route to the so-called request [16] M. Jiang, J. Li and Y.-C. Tay, Cluster based routing protocol (CBRP)
zone, determined based on the expected location of the functional specification (Internet-draft), in: Mobile Ad-hoc Network
(MANET) Working Group, IETF (1998).
destination node at the time of route discovery. [17] D.B. Johnson and D.A. Maltz, Dynamic Source Routing in Ad Hoc
Simulation results indicate that using location informa- Wireless Networks (Kluwer Academic, 1996).
tion results in significantly lower routing overhead, as com- [18] D. Johnson, D.A. Maltz and J. Broch, The dynamic source routing
pared to an algorithm that does not use location information. protocol for mobile ad hoc networks (Internet-draft), in: Mobile Ad-
We also suggest several optimizations on the basic LAR hoc Network (MANET) Working Group, IETF (1998).
schemes which may improve performance. Further work [19] Y.-B. Ko and N.H. Vaidya, Using location information to improve
routing in ad hoc networks, Technical report 97-013, Texas A&M
is required to evaluate efficacy of these optimizations, and University (1997).
also to develop other ways of using location information in [20] Y.-B. Ko and N.H. Vaidya, Location-aided routing in mobile ad hoc
ad hoc networks, for instance to improve performance of networks, Technical report 98-012, Texas A&M University (1998).
reactive algorithms such as TORA [27,28], or to implement [21] Y.-B. Ko and N.H. Vaidya, Location-based multicast in mobile ad
location-based multicasting [21]. hoc networks, Technical report 98-018, Texas A&M University
[22] Y.-B. Ko and N.H. Vaidya, Location-aided routing (LAR) in mobile
ad hoc networks, in: Proc. of MOBICOM '98 (1998).
[23] P. Krishna, M. Chatterjee, N.H. Vaidya and D.K. Pradhan, A cluster-
We thank the reviewers for their helpful comments. based approach for routing in ad hoc networks, in: Proc. of USENIX
Symposium on Location Independent and Mobile Computing (1995).
[24] Metricom Web Page, available via WWW at URL: http://www.
References [25] J.C. Navas and T. Imielinski, Geocast – geographic addressing and
routing, in: Proc. of ACM/IEEE MOBICOM '97 (1997).
[1] I.F. Akyildiz, S.M. Joseph and Yi-Bing Lin, Movement-based lo-
cation update and selective paging for PCS networks, IEEE/ACM [26] NAVSTAR GPS operations, available via WWW at URL: http://
Transactions on Networking 4 (1996) 94–104. tycho.usno.navy.mil/gpsinfo.html
[2] C. Alaettinoglu, K. Dussa-Zieger, I. Matta and A.U. Shankar, MaRS [27] V.D. Park and S. Corson, A highly adaptive distributed routing al-
user's manual – version 1.0, Technical Report TR 91-80, The Uni- gorithm for mobile wireless networks, in: Proc. of INFOCOM '97
versity of Maryland (June 1991). (1997) pp. 1405–1413.
[3] S. Basagni, I. Chlamtac, V.R. Syrotiuk and B.A. Woodward, A dis- [28] V.D. Park and S. Corson, Temporally-ordered routing algorithm
tance routing effect algorithm for mobility (DREAM), in: Proc. of (TORA) version 1 functional specification (Internet-draft), in: Mo-
ACM/IEEE MOBICOM '98 (1998). bile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) Working Group, IETF (1998).
[4] J. Broch, D.A. Maltz, D.B. Johnson, Y.-C. Hu and J. Jetcheva, A per- [29] B.W. Parkinson and S.W. Gilbert, NAVSTAR: global positioning
formance comparison of multi-hop wireless ad hoc network routing system – ten years later, Proceedings of the IEEE 71(10) (1983)
protocols, in: Proc. of MOBICOM '98 (1998). 1177–1186.
[5] S. Corson, S. Batsell and J. Macker, Architectural considerations for [30] C.E. Perkins and P. Bhagwat, Highly dynamic destination-sequenced
mobile mesh networking (Internet draft RFC, version 2), in: Mobile distance-vector routing (DSDV) for mobile computers, in: Proc. of
Ad-hoc Network (MANET) Working Group, IETF (1996). ACM SIGCOMM '94 Symposium on Communication, Architectures
[6] S. Corson and A. Ephremides, A distributed routing algorithm for and Protocols (1994) pp. 234–244.
mobile wireless networks, Wireless Networks (1995) 61–81. [31] C.E. Perkins and E.M. Royer, Ad hoc on demand distance vec-
[7] S. Corson and J. Macker, Mobile ad hoc networking (MANET): tor (AODV) routing (Internet-draft), in: Mobile Ad-hoc Network
Routing protocol performance issues and evaluation considerations (MANET) Working Group, IETF (1998).
(Internet-draft), in: Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) Working [32] S. Ramanathan and M. Steenstrup, A survey of routing techniques for
Group, IETF (1998). mobile communication networks, Mobile Networks and Applications
[8] S.R. Das, R. Castaneda, J. Yan and R. Sengupta, Comparative perfor- (1996) 89–104.
mance evaluation of routing protocols for mobile, ad hoc networks, [33] R. Sivakumar, P. Sinha and V. Bharghavan, Core extraction distrib-
in: Proc. of IEEE IC3N '98 (1998). uted ad hoc routing (CEDAR), in: Proc. of INFOCOM '99 (1999).
Y.-B. Ko, N.H. Vaidya / Location-Aided Routing (LAR) in mobile ad hoc networks 321
[34] M. Spreitzer and M. Theimer, Providing location information in a ent of the Best Student Paper Award from the 4th conference on mobile
ubiquitous computing environment, in: Proc. of Symposium on Op- computing and networking (MOBICOM '98) in 1998. He is a student
erating System Principles (1993). member of the IEEE Computer Society.
[35] C.-K. Toh, A novel distributed routing protocol to support ad-hoc E-mail: email@example.com
mobile computing, Wireless Personal Communication (1997).
[36] M. Weiser, The computer for the 21st century, Scientific American
(1991) 94–104. Nitin Vaidya received the M.S. and Ph.D. degrees
from the University of Massachusetts at Amherst
in 1991 and 1992, respectively. He also received
Young-Bae Ko received the B.S. degree in com- the M.E. degree from the Indian Institute of Sci-
puter science and the MBA degree in management ence, Bangalore, in 1988 and the B.E. (Hons) de-
information systems from the Ajou University, Ko- gree from the Birla Institute of Technology and
rea, in 1991 and 1995, respectively. He has pur- Science, Pilani, in 1986. He is currently an Asso-
sued his Ph.D. degree in computer science at the ciate Professor of Computer Science at the Texas
Texas A&M University since 1996. He is cur- A&M University. His research interests include
rently a research assistant in the mobile and wire- wireless networking, mobile computing, and fault-
less networking lab at the Texas A&M University. tolerant computing. Nitin Vaidya is a recipient of a 1995 CAREER award
His research interests include wireless networking from the National Science Foundation. He has served on program and
and mobile computing. Especially, his main re- organizing committees of several conferences. Dr. Vaidya is a member of
search area is design of routing, multicasting, and wireless medium access the ACM and the IEEE Computer Society.
control protocols in mobile ad hoc networks. Young-Bae Ko is a recipi- E-mail: email@example.com


text:
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When it comes to punishing the sex traffickers who exploit Texas kids, state leaders are unforgiving: Their crimes are "vile," "heinous," "despicable," "unconscionable." Texas Tribune reporters talked to three convicted traffickers to try to understand the power they wield over victims and the attraction of what they call "the lifestyle." They explained how vulnerable kids end up in the sex trade and how the business works. The girls see me so much in the room that they start to friend me. Don't let nobody hurt them while they do what they do. Anthony Harris, 30, who is serving five years for compelling prostitution of a minor at a state prison in Huntsville, Texas, said working as a pimp doesn't feel like a business — "it feels like family." Callie Richmond for The Texas Tribune How did you recruit girls to sell sex? A.: If you meet a female, she don't got no family, she don't got nowhere to stay, but you got a little bit of money, you doing for her, you putting a roof over her head, feeding her ... Johnson: If it's a new girl trying to get on my team, I have sex with them first because I know I can get in they head. And then after that, they just start giving me whatever I need. There's a lot of prostitutes who ended up dead doing what they were doing. I stopped a lot of people from getting raped, hurt, beat up, just by my presence alone. Ryan Murphy was the lead developer on this story; Emily Albracht was the lead designer. They rough her up a little bit, so she's going to get back on the program. You got a lot of males, they gonna rape someone, they ain't gonna pay. Harris: The girl would text me and say, "His time is up, but he don't want to stop." I'd knock on the door. One of the reporters on this story, Neena Satija, also works for Reveal, a public radio show and podcast from The Center for Investigative Reporting and PRX. said pimping is "like free money." Martin do Nascimento for The Texas Tribune What would you say to other people who are still in the "lifestyle?


text:
Commonly called "umbrella plants" because of their large palmate leaves, or "octopus plants" because of the tentacle-like racemes of flowers, Schefflera plants are popular houseplants and can be grown outdoors in USDA zones 9b to 11.
Schefflera trees are long-lived plants that need little maintenance. They grow best in medium to bright light, although they will also grow in low light. Most diseases of Schefflera trees occur in damp conditions. Avoid wetting the foliage and overwatering the plant.
Bacteria Leaf Diseases
The initial symptoms of pseudomonas leaf blight are small, water-soaked lesions on the edges of the foliage of Schefflera trees. The lesions get bigger and turn black, resulting in severe leaf drop.
Irregular corky spots on the underside of the leaves characterize xanthomonas leaf spot. The spots are tan to yellow and turn dark brown.
No effective treatment exists for bacterial leaf diseases. Remove and destroy infected leaves. If the plant is severely infected, destroy it to prevent the disease from spreading.
Fungal Leaf Diseases
Alternaria leaf spot causes large brown spots with yellow halos, which spread and cause premature leaf drop. The disease also affects petioles and stems of Schefflera trees. Phytophthora leaf spot resembles Alternaria, but begins on the lower leaves first.
Collectotrichum leaf spot begins as circular or oval tan spots. The spots turn dark brown and develop irregular edges. As the dead tissue falls out, the leaves begin to curl or cup.
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Powdery Mildew
A fungus causes powdery mildew, a white, dusty coating on the leaves and stems of Schefflera trees. Remove and destroy affected plant material. If the powdery mildew is widespread, use a fungicide approved for Schefflera trees and follow the manufacturer's directions. The foliage of Schefflera trees can be damaged by some fungicides.
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Abbott And Costello
William "Bud" Abbott and Lou Costello (born Louis Francis Cristillo), were an American comedy duo whose work in vaudeville and on stage, radio, film and television made them the most popular comedy team during the 1940s and 1950s. Their patter routine "Who's on First?" is considered one of the greatest comedy routines of all time, and set the framework for many of their best-known comedy bits.
Read more about Abbott And Costello: Early Years, Movies and Fame, Radio, Television, Private Lives, Later Years, Spin-offs, "Who's On First?", In Popular Culture, Filmography
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No meetups near you? Go ahead and start your own!
My first foray into type design is here! Go grab your copy here -> https://crmrkt.com/J73aWl
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With an honest voice and abundant imagination, Rourks' Southern gothic debut explores human kinship, violence, and isolation in rural Louisiana.
"There really isn't anything astonishing about the moon trees," says the narrator of the title story in this mighty debut. "As a matter of fact, some of them are lost. No one bothered to keep track of where they'd been planted, had never even made the plaques." Much like these trees—their once-valued seeds taken into space to orbit the Earth—the characters in Rourks' 15 inventive stories have been forgotten by society; on the surface, they've been left simply to grow, work, fight the elements, then die along the swamplands of Louisiana. "Everything Shining," for example, describes the life of a laid-off, injured oil rig laborer. As he struggles to make sense of his new life, he begrudgingly lets his cousin store stolen scrap metal in his backyard, unaware of the disastrous consequences that will follow. In "Ghosts," a woman fixates on the events leading up to her mother's suicide as she prepares to meet her wife's family and to give birth to a child of her own. While in "Pinched Magnolias," a parish sheriff helps her sister cover up a violent crime, in "El Feo," an ex-con works to build a new life for his family, even when he suspects he might have been framed for murder. With these stories, Rourks creates literary "plaques" for her characters—carving out space for and drawing attention to their experiences whether they are Pizza Hut employees, lawbreakers, or those too afraid to leave the house. Through her dynamic prose—graceful even as it propels each piece forward—she realizes the humanity of each individual. Themes of poverty, anguish, violence, and family loyalty—for better or worse—tie together these short tales. Still, amid such bleakness, Rourks infuses a sort of magic into each one. These worlds, alive with both the nature of Louisiana and the empathy the author brings to each character, will leave you eager for more.
An astonishing—often suspenseful, always compassionate—depiction of humanity and the ties that bind us.


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Today at 18:16 - Atletico Madrid are eyeing the possibility of signing Argentina international Rodrigo De Paul from Udinese this summer, say reports. The 25-year-old can play wide left or in a more central role and made a big impact in Serie A last season with nine goals and eight assists....Read more on Football Espana
The latest Atlético de Madrid news
news from Thursday, August 22, 2019
Today at 17:49 - Former Spain Under-21 international rejected a move to Atletico Madrid this summer to stay in Germany with Cologne. The central defender joined the German club in an â¬8m deal from Sporting Gijon in 2017 and has impressed in the time since, despite the club being relegated from the Bundesliga in his debut campaign....Read more on Football Espana
Today at 15:22 - There are a record number of season ticket holders in La Liga with the 600,000 barrier broken for the first time, as outlined by Marca. The 20 clubs between them have 610,751 season ticket holders this campaign as opposed to 595,844 from last season - an increase of almost 15,000 fans....Read more on Football Espana
Today at 13:08 - Valencia are already planning for the season ahead without striker Rodrigo Moreno, who they are resigned to losing to Atletico Madrid. A fresh report in Marca claims âare certainâ the move will be processed and it just a matter of time until there is official confirmation....Read more on Football Espana
news from Wednesday, August 21, 2019
Yesterday at 00:49 - Zinedine Zidane has âchanged his mindâ on the future of James Rodriguez at Real Madrid, according to Diario AS. The Colombian playmaker has been heavily linked with a permanent exit from Los Blancos this summer with both Napoli and Atletico Madrid said to have been the leading candidates for his signature....Read more on Football Espana
Yesterday at 00:39 - Atletico Madrid are eyeing a move for Dinamo Zagreb winger and Spain Under-21 international Dani Olmo, report Diario AS. Ajax and Tottenham have previously been linked to the highly-rated player, who the report says would be âthe icing on the cakeâ for Atletiâs summer....Read more on Football Espana
Yesterday at 23:47 - Atletico Madrid are totally confident on landing Valencia striker Rodrigo Moreno in the closing stages of the transfer window, say Marca. It is claimed that the Spanish capital club are totally confident in concluding a deal for the striker for a â¬60m fee, and he will add competition with Diego Costa and Alvaro Morata....Read more on Football Espana
Yesterday at 14:32 - The rumours of Nikola Kalinic's potential departure from Atletico Madrid go back as far as January 2019, but the Croatian striker closed the previous season at the club considering his future options. Tuttosport now report that Lazio are interested in signing the 31-year-old. Although Kalinic signed a three year contract with Atletico in August 2018, …...Read more on Soccer News
news from Tuesday, August 20, 2019
20/08/2019 20:44 - Valencia remain concerned that star striker Rodrigo Moreno will join Atletico Madrid in the closing stages of the transfer window, say Marca....Read more on Football Espana
20/08/2019 19:05 - Kieran Trippierâs early impact at Atletico Madrid has been hailed by Marca who claim he is âthe face of a new eraâ at the club....Read more on Football Espana


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Popeyes® Announces Agreement to Open More Than 1,500 Restaurants in China Over the Next Ten Years
SHANGHAI, July 23, 2019 /PRNewswire/ - Today, Popeyes Louisiana Kitchen Inc. (Popeyes) announced an exciting new agreement to develop and open more than 1,500 Popeyes restaurants in the People's Republic of China over the next 10 years.
"We're very excited to grow the Popeyes brand in the Chinese market," said Josh Kobza, Chief Operating Officer of Restaurant Brands International (RBI), parent company of Popeyes. "We look forward to bringing our great tasting chicken, biscuits, sides and beautiful new restaurants to our guests in China with our partner, TFI TAB Food Investments (TFI)."
"We are proud to bring this famous brand to China and we look forward to introducing its bold new flavors to our guests," said Korhan Kurdoğlu, Vice Chairman and CEO of TFI. "We plan to build on years of experience of growing successful businesses in China and around the world."
The POPEYES® system operates over 3,100 locations in more than 25 countries worldwide, including the United States and Canada.
Popeyes® is the last of RBI's three iconic brands to enter the Chinese market. In fact, Burger King has operated in China since 2005 and has partnered with TFI since 2012. There are now more than 1,000 Burger King restaurants in China. The commencement of Popeyes' operations in China is subject to a regulatory filing in China.
About POPEYES®
Founded in New Orleans in 1972, POPEYES® has more than 45 years of history and culinary tradition. POPEYES® distinguishes itself with a unique New Orleans style menu featuring fried chicken, chicken tenders, fried shrimp, and other regional items. The chain's passion for its Louisiana heritage and flavorful authentic food has allowed POPEYES® to become one of the world's largest chicken quick service restaurants with over 3,100 restaurants in the U.S. and around the world. To learn more about the POPEYES® brand, please visit the POPEYES® brand website at www.popeyes.com or follow us on Facebook, Twitter and Instagram.
About TFI TAB Food Investments.
TFI TAB Food Investments (TFI) is a leading quick service restaurant operator in Turkey and China, with more than 2,000 restaurants and 50,000 employees. TFI operates a broad range of quick service restaurants across the hamburger, chicken, sandwich, Italian/pizza and Turkish food categories, including the BURGER KING® and POPEYES® brands in Turkey, and the BURGER KING® brand in China. During its 25-year history, TFI has also established a suite of businesses which are complementary to QSR, and which provide food supply chain and distribution management, bread production, advertising, potato production and meat processing, with nearly all raw materials sourced in Turkey. To learn more about TFI, please visit the company's website at www.tabfoods.com.
About Restaurant Brands International Inc.
Restaurant Brands International Inc. ("RBI") is one of the world's largest quick service restaurant companies with ~$32 billion in system-wide sales and ~26,000 restaurants in over 100 countries and U.S. territories. RBI owns three of the world's most prominent and iconic quick service restaurant brands – TIM HORTONS®, BURGER KING®, and POPEYES®. These independently operated brands have been serving their respective guests, franchisees and communities for over 40 years. To learn more about RBI, please visit the company's website at www.rbi.com.
Forward-Looking Statements
This press release includes forward-looking statements, which are often identified by the words "may," "might," "believes," "thinks," "anticipates," "plans," "expects," "intends" or similar expressions and reflect management's expectations regarding future events and operating performance and speak only as of the date hereof. These forward-looking statements include statements about RBI's expectations and belief about the number of Popeyes restaurants that TFI will open throughout China over the next 10 years. The factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from RBI's expectations and beliefs are detailed in filings of RBI with the Securities and Exchange Commission and applicable Canadian securities regulatory authorities, such as its annual and quarterly reports and include the following risks: risks related to RBI's ability to successfully implement its domestic and international growth strategy and risks related to its international operations; risks related to RBI's ability to compete domestically and internationally in an intensely competitive industry; and risks related to RBI's ability to successfully accelerate international development with strategic partners and joint ventures. Other than as required under U.S. federal securities laws or Canadian securities laws, we do not assume a duty to update these forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, subsequent events or circumstances, change in expectations or otherwise.
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SOURCE Restaurant Brands International Inc.


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Paige Anson named 2018-2019 Intern for ISU's Office of Sustainability
Jan 3
Paige Anson (West Des Moines, Iowa) has been named as a 2018-2019 Marketing and Communications Intern for Iowa State University's Office of Sustainability. Paige is part of a two-member team responsible for creating seven uniquely themed newsletters focused on educating about and engaging and empowering students, faculty and staff in ISU's Live Green! Initiative and sustainable living. Along with newsletters, she will also produce social media campaigns, via photos and videos, in connection with the 10 year anniversary celebration of Live Green!. As noted by Merry Rankin, Director of Sustainability at Iowa State University, "It is so wonderful to have Paige join our team and share her journalistic skills, graphic design abilities and dedicated passion for a sustainable future." To follow her
work visit the Live Green! website:
https://www.livegreen.iastate.edu/multimedia/newsletters and
follow Live Green!'s social media platforms.