text:
- Research
- Open Access
Interaction of mumps virus V protein variants with STAT1-STAT2 heterodimer: experimental and theoretical studies
© Rosas-Murrieta et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2010
- Received: 11 June 2010
- Accepted: 11 October 2010
- Published: 11 October 2010
Mumps virus V protein has the ability to inhibit the interferon-mediated antiviral response by inducing degradation of STAT proteins. Two virus variants purified from Urabe AM9 mumps virus vaccine differ in their replication and transcription efficiency in cells primed with interferon. Virus susceptibility to IFN was associated with insertion of a non-coded glycine at position 156 in the V protein (VGly) of one virus variant, whereas resistance to IFN was associated with preservation of wild-type phenotype in the V protein (VWT) of the other variant.
VWT and VGly variants of mumps virus were cloned and sequenced from Urabe AM9 vaccine strain. VGly differs from VWT protein because it possesses an amino acid change Gln103Pro (Pro103) and the Gly156 insertion. The effect of V protein variants on components of the interferon-stimulated gene factor 3 (ISGF3), STAT1 and STAT2 proteins were experimentally tested in cervical carcinoma cell lines. Expression of VWT protein decreased STAT1 phosphorylation, whereas VGly had no inhibitory effect on either STAT1 or STAT2 phosphorylation. For theoretical analysis of the interaction between V proteins and STAT proteins, 3D structural models of VWT and VGly were predicted by comparing with simian virus 5 (SV5) V protein structure in complex with STAT1-STAT2 heterodimer. In silico analysis showed that VWT-STAT1-STAT2 complex occurs through the V protein Trp-motif (W174, W178, W189) and Glu95 residue close to the Arg409 and Lys415 of the nuclear localization signal (NLS) of STAT2, leaving exposed STAT1 Lys residues (K85, K87, K296, K413, K525, K679, K685), which are susceptible to proteasome degradation. In contrast, the interaction between VGly and STAT1-STAT2 heterodimer occurs in a region far from the NLS of STAT2 without blocking of Lys residues in both STAT1 and STAT2.
Our results suggest that VWT protein of Urabe AM9 strain of mumps virus may be more efficient than VGly to inactivate both the IFN signaling pathway and antiviral response due to differences in their finest molecular interaction with STAT proteins.
- Nuclear Localization Signal
- Versus Protein
- Mumps Virus
- Cervical Carcinoma Cell Line
- Mumps Vaccine
Interferon induces the major defense against viral infections. It begins with attachment of IFN-α or -β to heterodimeric receptors composed of IFNAR1 and IFNAR2 subunits whose intracellular domains are associated with Tyk2 and Jak1 tyrosine kinases, respectively [1]. Activation of the signal transduction occurs when Tyk2 phosphorylates Tyr466 residue on IFNAR1, creating a docking site for STAT2 that is phosphorylated on Tyr690. Phosphorylated STAT2 protein then associates with STAT2, inducing its phosphorylation on Tyr701 by JAK1 [2, 3]. STAT1 and STAT2 form a heterodimer that creates a nuclear localization signal (NLS). STAT1-STAT2 heterodimers result from intermolecular interactions between Src homology 2 (SH2) domains and phosphorylated Tyr residues at each protein [4]. In addition, IFNAR2 subunit is acetylated at Lys399 and promotes the acetylation of IRF9, which is essential to DNA binding [5, 6]. Association of STAT1-STAT2 heterodimer with IRF9 constitutes the IFN-stimulated gene factor 3 (ISGF3) transcription factor, which binds to IFN-stimulated response elements (ISRE) at IFN-stimulated genes (ISG). The final step of this signaling pathway is the induction of gene transcription whose expression establishes the antiviral state [2, 7]. Several viruses have evolved strategies to circumvent the antiviral state stimulated by IFN through the expression of proteins that antagonize some components of the IFN signaling pathway such as the V protein of paramyxoviruses [8]. Mumps virus P gene codes for three polypeptides: V, I and P. Their mRNAs are translated by use of overlapping reading frames (ORFs) via cotranscriptional insertion of nontemplated guanidine nucleotides (mRNA edition) [9, 10]. Mumps virus V protein is a nonstructural protein that counteracts the IFN-induced antiviral response [11].
Paramyxovirus V proteins possess an identical N-terminal sequence with P and I proteins but have a unique C-terminal that contains two functional motifs [9]. The first is the cysteine-rich (Cys-rich) motif (CX3CX11CXCX2CX3CX2C) where × refers to any amino acid residue that establishes a stoichiometric relationship (1:2) with Zn2+. Cys-rich motif is highly conserved among rubulaviruses such as simian virus 5 (SV5), simian virus 41 (SV41), human parainfluenza virus type 2 (hPIV2), and mumps virus. Cys-rich motif promotes the formation of an oligomer that acts as a nucleation site known as V-dependent degradation complex (VDC) where both polyubiquitylation and degradation of STAT1 occur [12, 13]. The V proteins of mumps virus and SV5 induce the degradation of STAT1 protein through the VDC assembly that includes ubiquitin ligase E3, Roc1, Cul4A, and DDB1 proteins that facilitate polyubiquitylation of STAT1 [13, 14]. The second C-terminal motif is also involved in STAT1 degradation and is a Trp-motif (W-(X)3-W-(X)9-W) that includes W174, W178 and W188 residues located upstream of the Cys-rich motif [15, 16]. The C-terminal of V protein is essential for successful viral infection by inhibition of IFN signaling and blocking of the antiviral response [17]. In this study we analyzed two variants of mumps virus V protein (VWT and VGly) derived from Urabe AM9 vaccine strain. Previous studies have shown that Urabe AM9 vaccine is constituted by several quasispecies that differ in distinct sites all along their genomes. We purified two virus variants based on the sequence of their HN gene and were named HN-A1081 and HN-G1081, which codes for HN-K335 and HN-E335 proteins, respectively. Several studies have related HN-A1081 with neurovirulence because this virus variant was frequently isolated from patients with postvaccine aseptic meningitis [18]. We demonstrated that HN-A1081 variant preferentially infects nerve cells, whereas HN-G1081 variant has limited replication in nerve cells. Selective infection of nerve cells was associated with differences in the virus binding affinity towards cell receptors [19]. However, further experiments showed that differences in sensitivity to IFN determined the replication rate of Urabe AM9 mumps virus variants in nerve cells. Indeed, HN-A1081 virus variant evaded the IFN-induced antiviral response and replicated in cells primed with IFN, whereas HN-G1081 variant reduced both replication and transcription in IFN-primed cells [20]. Sensitivity to IFN was associated with insertion of a non-coded glycine at position 156 in the V protein (VGly) of HN-G1081 virus variant, whereas resistance to IFN was associated with preservation of wild-type phenotype in the V protein (VWT) of HN-A1081 Virus variant. In the present study we experimentally tested the interaction of VWT and VGly proteins of Urabe AM9 mumps virus variants with proteins of the IFN signaling pathway, finding differences in their capacity to bind STAT proteins. In addition, in silico three- dimensional structure models of VWT and VGly proteins supported their difference to form complexes with STAT1 and STAT2 in vitro. The relevance of these theoretical findings in the function of V protein and virulence of mumps virus variants are discussed.
In order to determine the effect of protein V of the majority populations that comprise the Urabe AM9 vaccine strain on the IFN pathway, we obtained the coding region for V proteins from HN-A1081 and HN-G1081 virus variants, which were cloned in the pcDNA4/HisMax TOPO vector (pcDNA4/HisMaxVA and pcDNA4/HisMaxVG) to add a His-tag at the amino end. Next, the full sequence of V ORF was determined (675 bp), and in silico translation was carried out by comparative analysis. Amino acid differences between V proteins were determined by comparison with the V protein from Urabe AM9 (SmithKline Beecham) (Protein: AAK60067.1). The VA protein containing only 224 residues similar to the wild-type V protein type was named VWT (28.17 kDa). The VG protein contained two changes on residue 103, Q→P, and the addition of a glycine residue at position 156, which generated a V protein with 225 amino acids and was designated VGly (28.13 kDa). Comparing both V proteins, there were no significant changes in the theoretical physicochemical parameters.
None of the variants changed the level of active STAT2 protein as determined with other strains of mumps virus. To test whether the result in Figure 1B was due only to reduction of active STAT1 protein or by degradation of STAT1 unphosphorylated protein, we studied the level of inactive STAT1. Figure 1C shows that in cells expressing VWT and VGly proteins there are no changes in the level of STAT1 protein. This suggests that VWT protein of Urabe AM9 affects the STAT1 phosphorylated protein in blocking type I IFN system. In other strains of mumps virus and SV5, reduction of the STAT1 protein was always determined in the heterodimer with STAT2 phosphorylated protein with the subsequent blockade of the IFN system [21]. Figure 1B, C suggests a differential effect of the V proteins of Urabe AM9 strain vaccine on antiviral cellular response, which may be due to different interactions of VWT and VGly proteins with STAT1-STAT2 heterodimer.
The lack of antiviral for specific control of mumps virus infection requires the study of the molecular mechanism of replication and viral expression to propose sites related to the blocking of viral infection. The Urabe AM9 mumps vaccine is associated with virulence and is composed of at least two viral variants [18, 28, 29]. HN-A1081 variant selectively and preferentially infects nerve cells, whereas HN-G1081 has limited replication in these cells. It is interesting to explore the differences of the potential determinants of a successful viral infection in the nervous system [18, 19]. Considering that V protein of the Paramyxoviridae family is a factor that facilitates viral replication by blocking certain steps in the IFN pathway, there may be a difference between V proteins from Urabe AM9. We currently know that the V protein from wild-type mumps virus, Torri and Enders strains, is associated with STAT1-STAT2 to prevent antiviral cellular response [11, 13, 30, 31].
In this study we analyzed both in vitro and in silico two variants of V protein Urabe AM9: VWT (related to aseptic meningitis) and VGly. Amino acid sequence analysis showed that VGly is different from VWT at Pro103 and Gly156. Such changes altered the theoretical 3D structure and possibly its anti-IFN function. The analysis of the effect of the V protein on STATs proteins showed the efficiency of VWT protein to promote the reduction of STAT1 active protein, whereas VGly protein did not affect its level. This fact has been demonstrated in others strains [13, 21, 26, 31]. Such data suggest that the structural changes on VGly induced by rearrangement of loops and residues of the Cys-rich and Trp-motifs following the addition of Gly156 may be responsible for the loss of efficiency in inducing degradation of the STAT1 protein. This could explain the differences reported in the replication and transcription of genes in response to interferon during infection with the variant HN-G1081 (VGly) of Urabe AM9 where the induction of genes in response to interferon is higher than in the presence of an infection with the variant HN-A1081 (VWT) [20]. However, we cannot conclude if the changes induced by the addition of Gly156 and the low efficiency in the degradation of STAT1 protein for the variant VGly are conferred by inefficient interaction with the proteins involved in the ubiquitylation and degradation by the proteasome system (E2, DDB1, Cullin, Roc1) [14]. These must be confirmed experimentally. To outline a likely explanation, it was predicted the theoretical 3D structure of VWT and VGly by homology modeling. Although the 2B5Lc template lack three loops not resolved by X-ray diffraction, the program modeled two mobile loops but we cannot provide a conclusion of the modeled structure without the template for comparison. The changes mentioned in the VGly modified the theoretical 3D structure, particularly in the loops that limit the Cys-rich motif. The residues of these motifs in VGly move away from Gly155 (present in both proteins), altering the 3D distribution. It is possible that residues in Cys and Trp motifs of VWT are those related to the activity anti-IFN of the V protein of Urabe AM9 mumps vaccine.
At the experimental level, the intermolecular interaction of mumps virus V protein and V-SV5 with the cellular protein of type I IFN by the VDC complex has been demonstrated: STAT1-STAT2 (both phosphorylated), DDB1, Cullin 4A and Roc1 [13]. Interestingly, the interaction of VWT occurs through STAT2, an area near NLS residues [32] that would prevent their importation to the nucleus by steric hindrance. The theoretical interaction with
STAT2 could maintain the heterodimer in the cytoplasm where the ubiquitin/proteasome labels the lysine-susceptible residues exposed in STAT1. In vivo, it has been shown that the promotion of degradation of STAT1 by the V protein of MuV and V-SV5 is dependent on
STAT2 in the VDC complex [13, 14, 21, 26, 33, 34]. In any case it would block signal transduction of type I IFN to the nucleus, avoiding the antiviral cellular state favorable to viral replication of HN-A1081 variant of Urabe AM9. Instead, in silico analysis of the theoretical interaction between VGly and STAT1-STAT2 showed that the contact occurs through STAT2 as in VWT but in a region far from residues of the NLS on STAT1/STAT2. This would suggest that the heterodimer may advance to the nucleus for exercising its transcriptional activity, although the majority of lysine residues able to bind to ubiquitin are exposed. Although the comparison of the interaction parameters showed that the complex VGly with the STATs proteins may be more stable in terms of overall energy interaction, the attractive and repulsive van der Waals forces were higher in the complex between VWT and
STAT1-STAT2 proteins. The data obtained would explain the reduced capacity of VGly to block the IFN transduction signal, generating a cellular environment unfavorable for viral infection [27].
The in silico analysis suggests that, in vivo, VWT may be more efficient than VGly to associate with the STATs proteins and probably for blocking the IFN transduction signal as a mechanism to avoid the antiviral defense.
Cell culture
The cervical carcinoma cell lines HeLa and C33A were used for transfections assays and were maintained in Dulbecco's minimum essential medium (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (Gibco-BRL, Grand Island, NY), 100 U/mL penicillin, 100 μg/mL streptomycin and 1% nonessential amino acids (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA). Cells were incubated at 37°C in 5% CO2.
Subcloning of VA and VG ORF
The cloning of VA and VG ORF were performed by PCR from pCR-TOPO-VA and pCRTOPO-VG building in a previous work [20] with the oligonucleotides MuV-1 D 5'-GACCAATTTATAAAACAAGATGAGACTGGT-3' and MuV2 5'-TCCATCCCTCTAAGGAGGTCC-3' (IDT, Coralville, IA). PCR fragment was subcloned in the pCDNA4/HisMax TOPO vector (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA) according to the manufacturer's instructions. This vector added a His-tag at the N-terminal of V proteins. Recombinant DNA was transformed in E. coli TOP 10 One Shot (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA). Positive clones were sequenced by Big Dye ABI chemistry.
Transient transfection assay and IFN treatment
A monolayer of adenocarcinome cervix cells grown to 80% confluence on flasks of 25 cm2 was transfected with 6 μg of vector DNA (pCDNA4/His/Max-VA and VG) and TurboFect transfection reagent (Fermentas, Glen Burnie, MD, USA) according to the manufacturer's instructions. After cultivation for 24 h, the cells were stimulated with the proteasome inhibitor MG132 (40 μM) (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA). At 42 h after transfection, the cells were treated with 4000 IU/mL of IFN-α2b (Urifrón) (Probiomed, Mexico) for 6 h.
Western Blot Analysis
After the stimulation with IFN-α2b and MG132, the cells were lysed with ProteoJET Mammalian Cell Lysis Reagent (Fermentas, Glen Burnie, MD, USA), and the cell lysates were lyophilized and solubilized by boiling for 10 min with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) sample buffer (62.5 mM Tris-HCl pH 6.8, 5% 2-mercaptoethanol, 2% SDS, 0.005% bromophenol blue, 10% glycerol). The proteins were transferred to a PVDF membrane (0.45 μm) (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA, USA). The membrane was treated with primary antibody (p-Tyr701 Stat1: sc-7988, p-Tyr690 Stat2: sc-21689, ISGF-3 p48: sc-10793, Actin: sc-8432, His-probe: sc-8036 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology) for 1 h and then incubated with the secondary antibody (bovine antirabbit IgG-HRP: sc-2370) (Santa Cruz Biotechnology) for 1 h. After extensive washing, the immunoreactive bands were detected with Immobilon Chemiluminiscent substrate (Millipore Corporation, Bedford, MA, USA). For detection of the ISGF3 complex, proteins were separated by electrophoresis through 7.5% polyacrylamide gels, transferred to PDVF membranes, and detected with the previously mentioned antibodies.
Generation and analysis of 3D protein models
The prediction for homology of the 3D protein structure was performed with the Swiss-Model program [35] using as template the structure of V protein simian virus 5 (V-SV5) at 2.85 Å by X-ray diffraction [22]. Neighboring protein structures of mumps virus V proteins were obtained with VAST search [36]. Theoretical 3D structure of VWT and VGly was visualized with Web Lab Viewer program. The final theoretical 3D structures were analyzed with PROCHEK of Swiss-Model [37, 38] and with PROSA [39]. The theoretical 3D model of STAT2 was obtained for homology on Geno3D [40] from the PDB: 1BF5 (Tyrosine phosphorylated STAT-1/DNA complex) [24] and PDB: 1YVL. Electrostatic potential was obtained with the Poisson-Boltzmann method in Deep View from Swiss PDB Viewer. The differences between VWT and VGly were analyzed in the SuperPose program [41]. Polyubiquitylation sites in STATs proteins were predicted with UniPred [42], considering as probable those Lys residues with a minimum score of 0.7 to 1.
Theoretical interaction
Theoretical heterodimer STAT1-STAT2 model was obtained by a docking analysis with Hex server [43]. The putative interaction models between VWT and VGly with STAT1-STAT2 proteins were generated with PatchDock server (Molecular Docking Algorithm Based on Shape Complementary Principles) [44] and 1000 theoretical models were refined on FireDock (Fast Interaction Refinement in Molecular Docking) [45].
This work was supported by SEP-PROMEP Grant 103.5/07/2594 and CONACyT-Salud 2003-C01-085.
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Definition: Brought to completion; the point at which something is complete, finalized, altogether total, or perfect; the making of the highest, most supreme perfection.
Consummation. I've been contemplating this word a lot these days.
I think that consummation is at the core of our heart. I believe it is our deepest longing. It is the motivation behind everything we do. We go looking for love, we give away our bodies to others, we set out on thrilling adventures, we go out to this movie, we rent that movie, we buy those new outfits and bling, we go splurge on that extravagant meal, and the list goes on and on. I honestly think we do ALL of those things because we think, 'Maybe, just maybe, THIS time, I'll find consummation for my deepest longing.' And yet, it remains illusive and uncaught, unattained for yet another day. And we cannot bear the reality of this. It devastates us not to experience it. Continue Reading

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Lumpkin County Senior Center
Let us know what's on your mind! Give us a call or send an e-mail today for
more information or to give us feedback!
Legacy Link, Inc.
phone 706-864-2358
fax 706-864-1335
E-mail our Web Master
Or send us mail:Lumpkin County Senior Center
266A Mechanicsville Road
Dahlonega, GA 30533
How to get to our center:
From 400---turn left onto 60.
At light, turn right onto Morrison/Moore Pkwy.
Pass park/pool on right, take first right on Mechanicsville Rd.
Center is less than a mile on your right.
Thanks for visiting our site!


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Washington has had trouble against Toronto in the regular season in years past. But that didn't matter tonight as a shorthanded Wizards team goes into Toronto and comes away with the victory, 107-96.
Bradley Beal scored a game-high 38-points to cap off a week in which he averaged 38 per game. Otto Porter was his usual efficient self, scoring 19 points including a big three-pointer to put the Wizards up 103-88 late in the fourth quarter.
Marcin Gortat notched another double-double with 11 points and 12 rebounds while Kelly Oubre Jr. added 10 points off the Wizards bench.
On paper, this looked like a loss as the Wizards just lost a heart-breaker to the Cavs and were playing without All-Star John Wall, who sat out with a shoulder injury. But everyone chipped in just enough as the Wizards come away with the win.
Bradley Beal continues his hot shooting
Bradley Beal's effort in the Cleveland game was overshadowed by LeBron's 57 points. He won't be forgotten after tonight. As mentioned, Beal scored 38 points on 16-26 shooting (62 percent) including going 4-6 (66 percent) from three-point range. The sharpshooter wasn't just settling for jumpers though. Beal was getting to the rim on give-and-go's with Gortat resulting in layups as well as creating his own shot off the dribble.
With the absence of Wall, Beal found the ball in his hands more often tonight. Not only was Beal getting his baskets, but he was good as a facilitator ending the night with four assists. His most important dime came late in the fourth quarter as he found a wide-open Oubre in the corner for three to give Washington a 100-87 lead.
Beal was absolutely terrific tonight capping off the best week of his career.
Washington was solid from three-point range
After a nice three-point shooting output against Phoenix, the Wizards shooting from range plummeted from distance against the Cavs. So it was nice to see Washington get back in a rhythm from three-point range. Porter, Beal, and Oubre were the sharpshooters tonight as the trio combined to go 9-15 from range this evening.
Washington was knocking down threes early on to build on their lead, while each of the three guys knocked down three-pointers late to seal the game.
Rotations are still a mystery
Even though the Wizards were short-handed, Scott Brooks opted to go with all-bench lineups in the second and fourth quarters. To no one's surprise, that didn't really work out. In the second quarter, both teams were playing very sloppily so it didn't cost Washington. However, in the fourth quarter, the bench allowed the Raptors back in this one to trim the lead to three at one point. Brooks was then forced to play Porter and Beal the rest of the way.
Tip Ins
- Kyle Lowry was ejected from the game with two quick technical fouls in the second quarter. Lowry thought he got fouled on a play then said the magic words to the officials which got him tossed.
- Tim Frazier was just ok in his relief for Wall. Frazier wasn't much of a scoring threat as he only scored four points but chipped in with eight assists.
- Markieff Morris continued to knock the rust off with 18 minutes of playing time. Morris scored 10 points even though he was just 2-8 from the field. However, he did knock down 6-8 free throws.
Up Next
Washington heads home to take on the lowly Dallas Mavericks Tuesday evening.


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first valentine's day gift for boyfriend
Making it Easy for You: Valentine s Day Workbook Quick Print Kids Pick Pages to Complete Small Book - Easy Handout and Quick to Print Get Best Valentine s Day Messages 2017 to share with your loved ones com. Celebrate Valentines Day with these amazing Valentines Day Messages 2017 the tradition of valentine s day is believed to have originated from the pagan customs of the third century or fourth century b. Valentine s Day (Saint Valentine s Day) is an occasion celebrated on February 14 c. It is the traditional day on which people express their love for each other by , when the parentalia and feralia. For the Complete Story of the St with nia vardalos, john corbett, stephen guarino, amir arison. Valentine s Day Massacre, the Beer Wars in Chicago & Al Capone, see Troy Taylor s Dead Men Do Tell Tales Series! Valentine s Day Games and Activities Coloring pages, Crafts, Puzzles, Party Games, Interactive Games, Poetry, Printables, and Stories for Kids Valentine's Day is a celebration of love and caring a florist, who abides by a strict five-date-limit with any man, finds herself wanting more with the new. It could be platonic love between friends, family love from child to parent or romantic love between partners valentine s day essentials. Find out more about the history of History of Valentine's Day, including videos, interesting articles, pictures, historical features and more valentines day decorations, gifts, flowers and more. Get all the facts on all at discount prices! intertwining couples and singles in los angeles break-up and make-up based on the pressures and expectations of valentine s day. Watch For The First Time-Valentine s Day Special 2016 let's celebrate valentine's day! kids will love watching videos and playing games while discovering hidden surprises with their favorite nick jr. Pornhub is the ultimate xxx porn and sex site friends. Valentine's Day is a time when people show feelings of love, affection and friendship not sure what to cook? we've pulled together our most popular recipes, our latest additions and our editor's picks, so there's sure to be something tempting for. It is celebrated in many ways worldwide and falls on February 14 each year food of love - romantic recipes for two. Valentine s Day History Pagan festivals, Christian saints, Chaucer s love birds, and the Greeting Card Association of America by Borgna Brunner Love is in the air with these Valentine's Day recipes for everything from a romantic dinner for two to sweet treats everyone will love this website is made by bbc worldwide. Valentine s Day Recipes bbc worldwide is a commercial company that is owned by the bbc (and just the bbc). Celebrate the most romantic of holidays with simple recipes for two, plus more easy-yet-elegant Valentine s Day ideas looking for a unique way to propose on valentine s day? here are ten original ideas for ways to pop the question on february 14th. Love Letters most countries celebrate valentine s day the same way as in the us. The one thing which is common between lovers of ancient times and present era, is the exchange of love notes or letters let s take a look at some love traditions that are a bit different. It's beautiful how a piece (holiday traditions) a collection of kids valentines day short stories and tales from children s literature. Find out more about Valentine s Day, including the story of its origin, symbols, and traditions valentine s day stories for children. Get all the facts on History com


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At Nozstock we aim to reduce our environmental impact every year by running fun, green activities and making it easier for festival goers to make greener choices. We are very pleased to be awarded a Commended Award from A Greener Festival in 2014 and an Improvers Award in 2016 and 2017. We were also shortlisted for the Greener Festival Award at the UK Festival Awards in 2014 and 2016. Thumbs up to all the staff, volunteers, traders, performers and revellers who do their bit to keep Nozstock clean and green.
You can read our full Environmental Policy or here are a few highlights:WASTE & RECYCLING
This year we are getting drastic on single use plastic! We are asking everyone to 'Get Ready To Refill' and use the delicious, free water available form all our taps and bars to refill their water bottles. All our food traders use biodegradable plates and cutlery and we have joined the Association of Independent Festivals Final Straw campaign to ban plastic straws from festivals. We are also encouraging stalls, performers and festival goers to ditch the old fashioned plastic glitter in favour of shiny planet-happy biodegradable glitter.
We encourage people to leave the gas guzzlers at home and therefore charge for car parking. However, if you are bringing a car, save some petrol and lift share with GoCarShare, a wonderfully green scheme for getting to the Farm. Check out the Nozstock page for details and add your journey, whether you are driving or looking for a lift, and they will match you with someone going the same way. Score some eco-points and make some new festival friends.
You'll also see an exciting range of green workshops and activities for all ages, from funky junk workshops to willow weaving. Be sure to check out our programme to keep up to date with everything – there's more green initiatives at Nozstock than you can shake a stick at!
For a printable copy of this page click here


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Letters to the Editor
Readers share views on voting in Kansas, Cardinal Raymond Burke and Congress
Voting in Kansas
I saw the movie "Selma," and many scenes about denying voting registration in some states caused Kansas Secretary of State Kris Kobach to come to mind.
My voting rights are being denied by Kobach, and I won't let him get away with it.
Kansas was founded as a free state, and yet registered voters in Kansas are being denied a ballot unless they act as further directed by the Republican Legislature. My name has appeared on the voter-registration rolls in Johnson County since 1957, and I have voted in every election since then, thereby demonstrating my right to vote.
The black citizens were seeking just that right in "Selma" and were beaten away. With my voting right fully intact, Kobach's henchmen at the polls in my precinct say I must further qualify. But my name clearly appears on the registration books, and my constitutional right remains intact.
So give me my ballot and get out of my way.
Kobach, if you think I am unqualified to vote in this precinct, where is your evidence?
I have the entire and complete right to vote. I'm qualified. I have the registered right to vote.
Get the hell out of my constitutional way.
That right is what "Selma" is about.
Lloyd Hellman
Overland Park
Cardinal is wrong
Cardinal Raymond Burke believes that female altar servers have reduced the number of priestly vocations (1-10, C8, "Cardinal blasts inclusion of women"). If this were so, would we not have seen a marked increase in female vocations?
Because this is not true, then the cardinal's logic is faulty. If empirical evidence exists to support this claim, please let it be published. Indeed, it would be interesting to hear what young adults of either gender feel about vocations.
Further, the cardinal's blame-casting toward gay clergy is similarly unfounded. Gay does not necessarily equal pedophile.
Such inflammatory language is very harmful in shaping the general laity's attitude toward being open and accepting of all God's people, regardless of race, religion, gender or sexual orientation.
Were Jesus here today, he would speak up for the rights of women and would accept them as apostles and disciples, just as he did in the context of his own era.
Would Jesus parade around in silk and lace? Hardly.
Women are accepted in board rooms and government but not in the sanctuary? It should be a genderless experience.
Susan Long
Term-limit Congress
America desperately needs term limits for our politicians. We need to enact a rule that candidates can run for Congress, and if they are lucky enough to win, they can serve their term.
At the end of their term, they can run for re-election. Then they are done. That way the huge corporations wouldn't be able to buy Congress.
We need to get rid of the career politicians.
When politicians stay in for life, the big corporations shower them with money and gifts to vote the way they want them to vote. The longer they are in Congress, term after term, the more they forget about the American people and think only of themselves.
Wake up, America.
Harry Oliver
Kansas City
Conflicting goals
It is important to understand the economy as it works in this country. We are dealing with two systems that are incompatible.
Capitalism, an economic system, rewards people, for the most part, according to their contributions to the economy. Democracy, a political system, is concerned with equality.
Our present president, unfortunately, has chosen to reward the non-producers over the contributors by redistribution of income and wealth through higher taxes and the new Affordable Care Act, or Obamacare.
The pendulum always swings between the conflicting goals of capitalism and democracy, according to economic consultant Robert Goodman.
Our democracy is still in excellent shape in this country, as is capitalism — the two strange bedfellows.
Richard H. Wiens
Unaddressed rage
Focusing on police aggression may miss the point, although it is an important issue. The criminal/court systems of Ferguson, Mo., and communities of the like result in decades of frustration, which often leads to some sort of criminal activity.
The real problem is poverty, racism and the entrapment of residents in the legal system. What has been recently described as white rage is at the heart of the problem.
It is time to deal with the source of problems and not the results.
Everett Murphy, M.D.
Kansas City
Risky walking in KC
Research, case studies and logic have told us walkable neighborhoods not only improve the health of their people and their environment, they also decrease crime and encourage economic activity. Yet, Kansas City is still failing to grasp this.
Downtown is experiencing developments that will greatly enhance the neighborhood's walkability.
However, pedestrians outside of downtown are mostly left to fend for themselves. Not only must they create their own paths, but our city is denying them the basic, inexpensive infrastructure needed in our neighborhoods.
Recently, after witnessing a large family sprinting across 39th Street to dodge traffic, I filed a case with 311 to ask for crosswalk at this intersection.
Within a week, a crew was sent to record foot traffic and determined 44 people crossed 39th Street at Walnut Street in one day. But that was not sufficient to justify a crosswalk, according to public works officials.
Forty-four people risking their lives to cross an unmarked intersection did not justify providing an essential safety measure. If our city is not willing to provide basic infrastructure needed in walkable urban areas, we will continue to lag behind other major U.S. cities and will never have a chance to become a world-class city.
DuRon Netsell
Kansas City
End censorship
I think we need to reduce the censorship on government documents.
The current censorship on documents is ridiculous. When you are trying to gain information, all you find are faulty media reports and blocked-out documents.
I believe that anything that doesn't threaten the nation's security, no matter how it affects the people's view of your country, should be released to the public. It is the public's right to know what the government does.
No one likes being lied to, especially the American people. We need to see the morality of what we as a nation have done — all of it.
We need the truth.
Brianna Taylor
Overland Park
Politics vs. reality
Instead of the politicians voting for their own raises, I propose that we, the people, give them a yearly review just like in the real world.
If their performances don't live up to expectations, give them the ax and call for an early election for that position. Also give them a yearly salary of $50,000 and make them pay for their own health insurance and save for their own retirement.
Maybe then they would see what the real world is like, because it appears they don't have a clue what is going on in the real world.
Fred Huse
Kansas City, Kan.
America's future
The last two times the Republican Party had control of the White House, Senate and House of Representatives in a presidential election year (1928 and 2004), the Great Depression and Great Recession were set in motion.
Despite optimistic economic expectations in those years, the subsequent presidential elections (1932 and 2008) took place in the midst of severe economic crises.
In September 2004, I set out the possibility of history repeating itself in this way. Unfortunately, that is exactly what happened.
With the GOP now in resurgence, ending this pattern will require Republicans, Democrats and independents to work closer together in demonstrating economic vigilance and backing sensible financial regulations.
America's future depends on it.
Barry Speert
Overland Park


text: I don't miss Facebook nearly as much as I thought I would, but I'm not ready to go back yet. The time I've spent away has been so incredible; I don't want to lose my momentum! When I go back I want to be clear on the role Facebook will play in my life; I don't want my world to revolve around it anymore. In the meantime, I've been busy living and having my spirit awakened. Life is good.


text:
Lada XRay Concept (2012)
Lada XRay Concept
AvtoVAZ has shown the Lada XRay Concept crossover at the 2012 Moscow Motor Show.
The car was created by a group of young designers under the direction of Steve Mattin as a demonstration of the future style and new design strategy of Lada cars. Modern silhouette, memorable proportions and a dynamic profile - those are the general ideas behind the future Lada designs.


text: The max is a generic option that batch components inherit. Its limiting after messages has been downloaded/consumed. The fetch is a component specific option, eg mail protocol, to limit on the mail server side. Favour using fetch when possible, eg component specific options. On Mon, Jun 11, 2018 at 2:09 PM, Shenavai, Manuel <manuel.shenavai@xxxxxxx> wrote: > Hi everyone, > > > > I got a question regarding the Camel Mail Component parameters > maxMessagesPerPoll and fetchSize. Reading the documentation, the parameters > sound quite similar. Both seem to restrict the number of messages processed > per poll. MaxMessagePerPoll seem to control the amount of messages that are > downloaded, while fetchSize specifies the number of messages consumed per > poll. > > > > For me this sounds very similar. Can someone help to better understand these > parameters and kindly provide an example when which parameter should to be > set? > > > > Thanks in advance. > > Best regards, > > Manuel -- Claus Ibsen ----------------- http://davsclaus.com @davsclaus Camel in Action 2: https://www.manning.com/ibsen2


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There are situations where a claimant has been awarded HI and/or SMI coverage and
notified of entitlement and then for any number of reasons SSA fails to deduct the
premiums from benefit payments or send any billing notices. This situation is usually
found in the billable cases (nonpayment status) but may occur as a deduction problem
in rare instances. Because a number of the alerts generated by the Direct Billing
System (DBS) system (e.g., SAC 11 or 12, questionable PDA, impossible-arrearage) prevent
billing, specialists in the area of health insurance processing should be particularly
alert to these provisions to ensure that the claimant is properly advised.
A claimant who received a notice of entitlement but no bills or deductions of premiums
from benefits (uninsured, insured, incurrent pay or suspense) must be informed of
his right to request relief from paying retroactive premiums if 6 months or more premiums
are due. He must also be informed of the amount of the arrearage and that this amount
will be deducted from his benefit payment (or he will be billed for it) unless he
contacts his social security office within 30 days to request waiver of the arrearage
or to discuss alternative payment arrangements. Use a paragraph similar to the following.
"Due to an error, premiums were not withheld from your benefits (you have not been
billed for premiums) for several months of past supplementary medical insurance coverage.
This error has now been corrected, and your benefits will be reduced to collect (you
will be billed for) unpaid past due premiums of $ within 30 days. If paying the past due amount will create a severe hardship for you,
you may request relief from this payment or arrange an alternate method of payment.
To make such a request, you should contact any social security office for assistance.
When you visit or telephone, please have this notice with you."
Do not deduct or bill for the arrearage. Instead, if the arrearage is recorded in
the Direct Billing System (DBS) system, reduce the CPDA or CPDAH by the amount of
the arrearage with a RIC 3 or F. If a SMI QPDA or HI QPDA is involved use RIC of K
and RIC of H, respectively. Diary the case for 45 days. If the beneficiary responds
with a request for installment payments, see HI 00830.060. If after 45 days no response has been received from the claimant, deduct the arrearage
from his benefits or send a bill for the arrearage. If the arrearage is being deducted
from a benefit check, use a "PD" entry and prepare a SSA-666 from the FOASI Trust Fund to the FSMI Trust Fund since
the arrearage has already been deducted from the CPDA on the DBS record. (See SM 00848.390B).
If the beneficiary is being billed for the arrearage, record the arrearage on the
DBS record using a RIC 1 or a RIC D. Also, send a letter explaining the deduction
from benefits or the premium bill.


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Manatee company Verde GSE plans production of ground-based aircraft air conditioning systems
MANATEE -- When Rick Hansen left his job as the general manager at Hobart Ground Controls in Palmetto in early 2013, he thought he was retiring. It was a nice thought, while it lasted.
Two serendipitous events changed that plan.
First, a friend and business colleague suggested they start up a manufacturing business. Then earlier this year, Hobart, a commercial ground aircraft power systems manufacturer, announced a reorganization and rebranding that included shedding its Trilectron pre-conditioned air, or PCA, production line.
Not one to leave a profitable product on the table, Hansen gathered up three partners with a bent for refrigeration and mechanical design to start a PCA company, Verde GSE.
Since then, Hansen and his partners in Verde have invested about $100,000 in designing and building a prototype sample of the company's proposed line of ground-based aircraft air conditioners. The company has plans to add up to 14 employees to its workforce in the next five years, and expects to sell units to airports and airlines in October. Sales are projected to hit $13 million a year once production hits full swing.
Air travelers know PCAs by the cool air they pump into aircraft as they sit at gates waiting to load and unload passengers.
Without a PCA hookup, an aircraft has to run an onboard motor to generate
electricity to run its own air conditioners.
For the past month and a half, Verde tested a 30-ton version of its air conditioning unit in the summer heat at Sarasota-Bradenton International Airport. Built to use up to 30 percent less electricity than other PCAs on the market, the device did hard duty providing cool air for passenger aircraft loaded with actual passengers. Verde recently moved the device to Orlando International Airport to test a higher 60-ton capacity.
Hansen said he and his engineers want to be sure it can do what Verde will be promising future clients.
"What we didn't want to do was rush a product to market," he said.
The Verde PCAs are scratch built, designed by company partners Ben Newell, Ty Newell and Alexander Long. The aim from the beginning has been to build 30-, 45-, 60- and eventually 90-ton air conditioners that are mechanically simple, energy efficient and price competitive. To generate efficiency, Verde air conditioners will feature an intelligent control system that will automatically adjust blower, fan and motor performance based on temperature, humidity, wind speed and other environmental factors.
The units are also designed to use less refrigerant and run at under 85 decibels.
Initial tests at SRQ showed Verde's design to be successful. Operating side by side with a competitor's PCA on a pair of Boeing MD-80 passenger jets, the Verde unit required one-third fewer amps to run while cooling the interior of the jet by an additional nine degrees, Hansen said.
Manatee County is expected to be the home of a future Verde production facility. The company got assistance from the Bradenton Area Economic Development Corp. earlier this year to secure a six-month lease in an industrial building at the Manasota Industrial Park, where the first Verde was assembled.
Now that the prototype is well into testing, Hansen said he will again enlist the help of the EDC to find a roughly 5,000-square-foot building where Verde can build a full-scale production line.
EDC CEO Sharon Hillstrom said working with Hansen renewed a business relationship that began when he was Hobart-Trilectron.
In addition to facility search assistance, her agency helped Verde gain express permitting through Manatee County, as well as $14,000 of county incentives for job creation.
To earn all the incentive money, Verde must create 14 new jobs paying an average of $41,164 a year.
Hansen said he is committed to paying living wages because he believes Manatee County workers can produce Verde's PCAs in half the time as the competition.
"You should be able to get a good quality of worker in Manatee County," he said. "I think it's going to work for us."
Manatee County could also be good for sales. Rick Piccolo, SRQ CEO, said if Verde's PCAs are competitively priced and as efficient as expected, he can see buying the units for SRQ.
The airport owns seven PCAs.
"We like to try to provide business for the local companies as much as possible," Piccolo said. "We would definitely be looking at those."
While Verde has not yet published pricing for its PCA units, Hansen said pricing across the industry for all sizes of the devices ranges from about $48,000 to $125,000.
Several companies compete in the PCA market including multinational Cavotec, Chicago-based JBT AeroTech and Twist Aero in Jamestown, Ohio.
Matt M. Johnson, Herald business reporter, can be reached at 941-745-7027, or on Twitter @MattAtBradenton.


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Next Command
This command loads the next value from a list of values into variables.
Next listVariables;
A comma separated list of variable names into which the generated values are to be loaded.
The variables must have been declared with an associated list or range of values.
When the NEXT command is first executed, the first value from the value set will be retrieved and then each call to NEXT will retrieve the following value in the set. When the last value has been reached, the next value retrieved will be the first in the set.
The RESET command can be used to reset the value pointer associated with a variable so that the following NEXT command will retrieve the first value in the set.
When several SCRIPT or GLOBAL variables are dependent (eg: a LOGIN and its associated PASSWORD), the NEXT command should be called once with all those variables as parameters. Multiple calls to NEXT command for each variable should be avoided in order to keep the variables consistent.
A script can work fine with one virtual user but may behave strangely with 2 or more virtual users:
Example of an incorrectly written script:
string szLogin {"login1", "login2"} global;
string szPassword {"pwd1", "pwd2"} global;
Next szLogin;
Next szPassword;
for this script, the following scenario can happen:
- the VU 1 executes the NEXT szLogin command, the VU 1 szLogin value is "login1".
- the VU 2 executes the NEXT szLogin command, the VU 2 szLogin value is "login2".
- the VU 2 executes the NEXT szPassword command, the VU 2 szPassword value is "pwd1".
- the VU 1 executes the NEXT szPassword command, the VU 1 szPassword value is "pwd2".
The script should be written as shown below:
string szLogin {"login1", "login2"} global;
string szPassword {"pwd1", "pwd2"} global;
// Fill szLogin and szPassword simultaneously to avoid concurrent accesses from different virtual users
Next szLogin, szPassword;
// Another way to avoid concurrent accesses
lockmutex "MutexName";
Next szLogin;
Next szPassword;
unlockmutex "MutexName";
STRING Employee { "Devlin", "Reiser", "Niedringhaus", "Mason" } GLOBAL;
STRING Address { "3114 Pioneer Avenue", "1033 Whippany Road", "1990 Windsor Street", "550 Dundas Street East" } GLOBAL;
NEXT Employee, Address;
LOG "Employee = " + Employee, " + Address = " + Address;
NEXT Employee, Address;
LOG "Employee = " + Employee, " + Address = " + Address;
Employee = Devlin, Address = 3114 Pioneer Avenue
Employee = Reiser, Address = 1033 Whippany Road
Copyright © AgileLoad. All rights reserved.
Agile Load testing tool| Contact AgileLoad | Terms of Use | Sitemap


text:
Will the administrator's employment contract be made public? Did we pay severance when she was terminated in the first instance? If so, was the money returned, upon re-hire? These are questions designed to make sure that the board isn't wasting town resources. I am experienced with employment matters and severance is never a benefit to the employer. It is strictly an employee perk designed to compensate the employee for years of service and tie them over until they find a new position. Paying someone who is not working for the town does not benefit the town. In fact, the town may be paying severance at the same time it is paying a new administrator. And two years is very generous.
A six month severance clause remains in Goldberg's employment contract. The Town will not pay the severance payment now that they rehired Goldberg.
I hope that the plaintiffs now will stop their lawsuits and let the town board move ahead and not be distracted by the ugly behavior of certain factions in Town! Let us have a new beginning!!
EMail Address (will not be published)
Spam Verification
(Enter the numbers shown in the above image)


text:
Single Family Lot
- $43,900 price
- 1514711 mls id
- Lot Size: 1.1 acres
- Neighborhood: Colerain Twp.West
- Days on Market: 927
- Status: Active
Build Your Dream Home here in Colerain Township! Terrific private 1.1 acre building lot with easy access to I 275 and the Cross County Hwy! Enter private shared drive on Springdale Rd. - lot is to the left of gated property. No HOA or deed restrictions.
- Area Hamilton-W10
- Directions I275 W Exit 31, L Blue Rock Rd., L Springdale-Blue Rock Connector, L Sprindale
- School District Northwest Local SD
Related Listings
Single Family Lot
1 Pictures
LAST lot in this elite subdivision. Only 17 300k+ homes! Perfect cul-de-sac location w/a slightly rolling elevation provides great opportunity for a walk out LL. Wooded view w/plenty of wildlife & nature. HOA approved/permit ready site plans convey w/the lot.
Single Family Lot
1 Pictures
Build your Dream Home!Heavily wooded building site in serene semi rural country setting-Gas & water at street-No deed restrictions-Area of fine homes-Convenient to shopping & expressway
Courtesy of: OwnerLand Realty, Inc.
Office Phone: 656005892
Listing Agent: Elizabeth Solberg
Updated: 20th May, 2019 9:24 AM.
5961 Springdale Colerain Twp, OH


text:
We have been able to assist through new forms of financial assistance, including Export and Commercial Website Grants, and investment by way of Preference Shares. Mentoring is greatly in demand, as is our extensive suite of training courses. We promote our evolving enterprise culture with public talks,
seminars and workshops and through our Second and Third level programmes, and through the Dublin City Enterprise Awards. We participate in, and support, trade fairs at home and abroad.
Networking is now an important business activity. To assist we have established the Dublin City Women in Business Network and, more recently Link!, a general network for both men and women.
So what of the future? The Celtic Tiger period may have left us for the time being. However, we face the future with high levels of educational attainment, a modern industrial base, high investment
in research and development, and an innovation system that connects up the different parts of the economy. But most of all, we have the ambition and the confidence of entrepreneurs, like you, to
build our economy. We are imaginative and creative. We are adaptable, we are innovators, and we are problem solvers.
Irish people have travelled the world and helped to build some of the world�s leading economies. We did that here too as we built the Celtic Tiger. I firmly believe that we can do it again, and that we will emerge with an economyheading back to the path of sustainable growth, built on a solid foundation of indigenous small businesses.
Patrick J. Lynch,
Member of the LEO Dublin City Evaluation and Approvals Committee


text:
Review in the Providence Journal
Happy today for a mention in this review of the RISD Faculty Exhibition! See the entire article here.
beauty in imperfection
Happy today for a mention in this review of the RISD Faculty Exhibition! See the entire article here.
My hybrid studio practice includes installation, book, video, web, and photography. My projects examine the intersection of the pedestrian, the repetitive, and the imperfect with the transcendent, the beautiful, and the perfect. I am interested in the way that the repetitive action of accumulating and organizing can create its own poetics. I grew up in Illinois, completed the Whitney ISP program in 1996, and teach Interdisciplinary Synthesis at the Lesley University College of Art and Design in Cambridge, MA. You can see my work at lisa-young.com
27. February 2015 by Lisa Young
Categories: Exhibitions and Special Projects, Reading | Tags: archive, everyday objects, language, reproductive processes, RISD | Comments Off on Review in the Providence Journal
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I send this message to you today on behalf of the freedom and peace-loving people of Afghanistan, the Mujahedeen freedom fighters who resisted and defeated Soviet communism, the men and women who are still resisting oppression and foreign hegemony and, in the name of more than one and a half million Afghan martyrs who sacrificed their lives to uphold some of the same values and ideals shared by most Americans and Afghans alike. This is a crucial and unique moment in the history of Afghanistan and the world, a time when Afghanistan has crossed yet another threshold and is entering a new stage of struggle and resistance for its survival as a free nation and independent state.
I have spent the past 20 years, most of my youth and adult life, alongside my compatriots, at the service of the Afghan nation, fighting an uphill battle to preserve our freedom, independence, right to self-determination and dignity. Afghans fought for God and country, sometime alone, at other times with the support of the international community. Against all odds, we, meaning the free world and Afghans, halted and checkmated Soviet expansionism a decade ago. But the embattled people of my country did not savor the fruits of victory. Instead they were thrust in a whirlwind of foreign intrigue, deception, great-gamesmanship and internal strife. Our country and our noble people were brutalized, the victims of misplaced greed, hegemonic designs and ignorance. We Afghans erred too. Our shortcomings were as a result of political innocence, inexperience, vulnerability, victimization, bickering and inflated egos. But by no means does this justify what some of our so-called Cold War allies did to undermine this just victory and unleash their diabolical plans to destroy and subjugate Afghanistan.
Today, the world clearly sees and feels the results of such misguided and evil deeds. South-Central Asia is in turmoil, some countries on the brink of war. Illegal drug production, terrorist activities and planning are on the rise. Ethnic and religiously-motivated mass murders and forced displacements are taking place, and the most basic human and women's rights are shamelessly violated. The country has gradually been occupied by fanatics, extremists, terrorists, mercenaries, drug Mafias and professional murderers. One faction, the Taliban, which by no means rightly represents Islam, Afghanistan or our centuries-old cultural heritage, has with direct foreign assistance exacerbated this explosive situation. They are unyielding and unwilling to talk or reach a compromise with any other Afghan side.
Unfortunately, this dark accomplishment could not have materialized without the direct support and involvement of influential governmental and non-governmental circles in Pakistan. Aside from receiving military logistics, fuel and arms from Pakistan, our intelligence reports indicate that more than 28,000 Pakistani citizens, including paramilitary personnel and military advisers are part of the Taliban occupation forces in various parts of Afghanistan. We currently hold more than 500 Pakistani citizens including military personnel in our POW camps. Three major concerns - namely terrorism, drugs and human rights - originate from Taliban-held areas but are instigated from Pakistan, thus forming the inter-connecting angles of an evil triangle. For many Afghans, regardless of ethnicity or religion, Afghanistan, for the second time in one decade, is once again an occupied country.
Let me correct a few fallacies that are propagated by Taliban backers and their lobbies around the world. This situation over the short and long-run, even in case of total control by the Taliban, will not be to anyone's interest. It will not result in stability, peace and prosperity in the region. The people of Afghanistan will not accept such a repressive regime. Regional countries will never feel secure and safe. Resistance will not end in Afghanistan, but will take on a new national dimension, encompassing all Afghan ethnic and social strata.
The goal is clear. Afghans want to regain their right to self-determination through a democratic or traditional mechanism acceptable to our people. No one group, faction or individual has the right to dictate or impose its will by force or proxy on others. But first, the obstacles have to be overcome, the war has to end, just peace established and a transitional administration set up to move us toward a representative government.
We are willing to move toward this noble goal. We consider this as part of our duty to defend humanity against the scourge of intolerance, violence and fanaticism. But the international community and the democracies of the world should not waste any valuable time, and instead play their critical role to assist in any way possible the valiant people of Afghanistan overcome the obstacles that exist on the path to freedom, peace, stability and prosperity.
Effective pressure should be exerted on those countries who stand against the aspirations of the people of Afghanistan. I urge you to engage in constructive and substantive discussions with our representatives and all Afghans who can and want to be part of a broad consensus for peace and freedom for Afghanistan.
With all due respect and my best wishes for the government and people of the United States,
Ahmad Shah Massoud.
It was only the 9th of September, but already the air was cold in the mountains, and a light wind swept a few clouds across the Afghan sky. As Commander Ahmed Shah Massoud knelt on the hard ground to pray, it was more than just the coldness in the air that chilled him to his bones.
In recent days his mood had changed and his men had kept a silent, respectful distance. Since his return from Europe Massoud felt, for the first time in a lifetime of battles, demoralized. He had appealed to the West for help in fighting the war against the brutal Taliban regime...his pleas fell on the deaf ears of the European Union and into the silent void of the United Nations. He had been very clear about the desperate struggle, "You don't understand that I fight also for you!" He had given them all a frightening warning of what he knew would come, to know avail.
For a moment his gaze went to the
landscape of his valley...the Panjshir Valley...always invincible, now
soured and tortured, but still so beautiful. In this valley he had
defeated the Russians so many years before...it was his shelter then..and
They were at his headquarters, in a
little room in a house among the trees, where they would be waiting with
their cameras and their microphones to interview him. In another minute he
would go to them. He took that minute to breathe in the cold air of the
Afghan autumn and to take a last look at the mountains surrounding his
valley, then he walked slowly to meet his bodyguards to make his way to
the house.
Friday, April 5, 2002; Page C01
By Teresa Wiltz - Staff Writer
Northern Alliance Commander's Assassins Killed the Man, but His Memory Lives On.
We are rattling through the countryside, past lanes littered with land mines and dead Russian tanks, chugging by teenagers toting Kalashnikovs, not daring to peek down the cliffs to see what awaits us should we slip. We are searching for a dead man, hunting down a ghost.
I am looking for the Lion of the Panjshir, or rather
looking to see where it is that the Lion finally has found rest. Seeking
to understand why the dead can hold a country in such thrall.
By Nasrine Gross
I have just returned from a five-week stay
in Afghanistan. I was in Khoja Bahauddin when Commander Massoud was
assassinated on September 9, the signal for terrorist operations in the US
two days later.
From there he had ran down the plateau towards the Panj River,
a fifth of a mile away. That is when officials realized he had gotten away.
Two guards with kalashnikovs and several other officials, some of them
barefoot (Afghans take off their shoes when they are inside) ran after him.
The pursuers wanted to catch him alive but he was more than six feet tall
and very strong and was able to snatch one of the kalashnikovs. That is
when the second kalashnikov fired on him, the fifth bullet dropping him in
the river. By the time they took him out of the water, he was dead.
The solution after much discussion was to
keep the coffin in the courtyard, in front of his office and our rooms.
They had to scrounge around to find something to serve as a table for the
coffin and a cloth large enough to serve as a covering over it to keep
away the ever-present dust, flies, bees and mosquitoes (too poor to have
desks and chairs Afghans now mostly work, eat, sleep and visit on the
floor). And for coolness, they scrambled to find enough oil for the
generator (their allotment is for two hours of electricity per night) and
hooked their only electric fan to it, after creating a makeshift extension
cord and making another contraption for a table high enough for the fan to
blow over the coffin for the duration of the night - - until around early
morning, when the heat lets up a bit for a short spell.
What a life that you cannot
spare one moment to shed a tear over your dead! These officials, very few
in number, were doing all the work cheerfully; that was their duty not to
show that Commander Massoud was also dead. Even after they returned with
Assim's coffin and I could see that their shirts were bloodstained, they
told me it was from washing Assim's body... On this day in Virgo, the
month of Commander Massoud's birth, how their hearts must have felt, those
who knew the truth!
I knew that it was really an even more gracious concern that was pushing them to send us away: They did not know if they were going to be attacked that night and wanted to spare the lives of the three westerners (Barbara Bick, my Jewish American friend, Roland Bariseel, a Frenchman, and me, an Afghan American)! We took our night stuff and were driven in a jeep to a far away dark serai of totally dark rooms.
I could not tell where in
relation to the village we were but we were shown to two rooms, Roland by
himself and Barbara and I in a corner room that boasted a washroom inside.
A gas lantern, water pitcher and basin, hot green tea, skewered kabob with
bread, grapes and cut up water melon were quickly brought in by the help,
an Uzbek boy of 13. Two hours later Zubair and Daud showed up to apologize
for the inconvenience. I could not hold my tears at the warmth of this
hospitality during such a time - - as if they had no other worry. They
assured us that a guard would be outside our door all night long and that
we would go back to the compound for breakfast.
And when you are anticipating the worst, even little things become sources of further fear and anxiety. I was smoking and trying to keep my hair, face, body and feet totally covered with the sheet that was my cover -- an impossible and really hazardous task. You see, earlier, I had noticed the ceiling made of crude reefs held by cruder tree trunks across, and was sure that scorpions and all sorts of crawlies would fall from the cracks of such a rustic and primitive construct.
What gave me sustenance was the dim glow of the gas light, now outside with the guard,
coming through a tiny opening of a window high in the wall and covered
with dried thistle instead of glass. The sound of roosters, donkeys and
cows singing, an otherwise annoying regular nightly serenade, also
comforted me that I was in the middle of the village surrounded by a human
population of my own Afghans.
Even the Arabic I heard them speak was different from Moroccan dialect but I could be wrong as my friend Shoukria Haidar, a teacher of Moroccan and Algerian students in France for twelve years, who spoke with them for forty minutes in French on our first day of arrival thought they were Moroccan but found it odd that Moroccans who are so preoccupied with their own country would come this far in search of just an interview. In the helicopter that had brought Shoukria, our friend Francoise and the Arabs from Panjsher, her eye was caught by the fact that in this hot hot land the shorter man was wearing very thick corduroy pants.
The next day, with
the help of our hosts from the ministry of Foreign Affairs we were able to
send back Sara, Mary MacMakin and the other three guests to Dushanbe (where
they arrived six days later just in time to catch their plane to Europe,
only Mary who went to Faizabad by road through the Anjoman Pass returned
from half-way, to finally go by helicopter. Her story of going from
Faizabad to Pakistan, one of the most interesting journeys I have heard
can be read at (www.Parsa.com).
My reasoning was that
Commander Massoud was the first Afghan leader to have signed the
Declaration of the Essential Rights of Afghan Women, a document my
association, NEGAR-Support of Women of Afghanistan helped three hundred Afghan women draft and sign in June of 2000 and a document which we are
trying to make part of the peace process in the United Nations so it gets
to the next constitution of Afghanistan. I said I wanted to personally pay
my respect to this fallen friend of Afghan women.
On our way we drove by school girls on balconies, with their uniform on, with pictures of Commander Massoud or flags or flowers waving and with tears flowing down their cheeks; we heard and saw women on rooftops, their colorful dresses aflutter in the small breeze, and wailing; and groups of grief-stricken men walking towards the plain from every direction, some in military garb, most dressed in everyday clothes, many wearing the patou (shawl) over their piran-tunban (shirt and long pants of the same light material, always worn by Afghan villagers but now, in their poverty and villagized state, worn by urban populations as well), many wearing the pakol hat that Commander Massoud made famous, others wearing the regular turban of Afghanistan or bare-headed, many carrying large banners or holding pictures.
Beautiful voices from slow moving cars were
reciting glorious poetry of Afghanistan; uniformed security patrols gently
guiding the multitude. And all along this sole Panjsher road, there were
the bulky, upturned and rusted carcasses of Soviet artillery, tanks and
armored personnel carriers, silently but unmistakably reminding us of
Commander Massoud's greatest victory and successful partnership with
We were taken to this area. We watched and photographed the famous and mighty of the free Afghanistan as they came in groups: President Rabbani, Mr. Sayyaf, Haji Qadir, Mr. Hamoon, Commander Bismillah Khan, Mr. Qanooni, Commander Khoshal Qol, Mr. Sabawoon, Mr. Imad... We scrambled to get pictures of Ahmad, Commander Massoud's 12-year old son, who came a little later. He had arrived from a private viewing of his father's body.
Dressed in a khaki suit and walking with serious steps, Ahmad was quickly
surrounded by the media. His mannerisms, style and gait are completely
like his father's. His words were the most effective. Composed and with
gestures reminiscent of his dad's, he said, "my father's killing was
unjust and despicable. Now the world knows that his struggle was just and
his words true. His untimely death will not cut short our fight for an
independent Afghanistan. We will continue with more fervor. I will not
rest but work to realize his dream." His composure and his confident
knowledge of the situation made me understand what this war of
independence has done to every man, woman and child living this war inside
Afghanistan. I felt so unprepared and awkward by comparison.
Finally, the security in charge of the plain reached the copter; pushed the crowd aside and the pilot opened the door to bring out this hero of Afghanistan and this beloved of all of them for his final journey. The coffin draped in the green, black and white flag and verses of the Koran and people throwing flowers on it was carried to the widest part of the plain, tenderly like a most cherished son, thousands of hands reaching to touch it once as if that one touch would give them a piece of him forever.
In front, Mr. Qanooni was standing on a jeep and through a
loudspeaker directing the emotional and totally heedless crowd to set the
coffin before them and form long rows for the funeral prayer. I
respectfully kept near the jeep, facing the massive crowd and taking
pictures, and approached the coffin and prayed only after the men's prayer
had finished. The solemnity of the prayer, broken only by the rush of the
Panjsher, had a calming effect. But, again all wanted to carry the coffin
to the road and place it on the armored personnel carrier that was to take
it to Saricha, the designated gravesite. Again Dr. Abdullah managed to get
up first and direct the pallbearers, thousands of emotional feet rushing
as if a flood was drowning the plain.
With their backs
hunched in sorrow and many still wiping their tears, not the moment to
engage them in my banalities, but I could tell by their words and their
faces that I was shoulder to shoulder with Pashtuns and Hazaras and Uzbeks
and Turkmens and Noorestanis and Tajiks and Baluchis and. That day, along
the road to Saricha, and at Saricha, around the gravesite, the whole of
Afghan mosaic was a single human quilt unified in their grief and bonded
by the memory of one of their own.
Each terrace is a garden of many colored flowers planted in large sections, reminiscent of Paghman, the summer resort of my days (37 years ago), petunias of many pink and red hues, phloxes of white and salmon, tall asters of delicate purple, large and small marigolds, riots of pansies and grand rose bushes both damask and grandiflora. Each terrace also has small fountains and waterfalls drowning the receding sound of the Panjsher. The last terrace turns into a large patio that through an orange painted wooden fence opens into the inner courtyard.
And about his wounds, how his heart area had a two inch scar and scattered around it thousands of red pellets on his chest, but that his neck area was completely void of scars, his moon-colored skin still beautiful; the scar in his back, larger, about five inches long. His face had scratches and his hair and beard were a little scorched. She said she was wracking her brain but found not one angry word uttered by him at home in all the years they were married.
He had told her she could wear
whatever she wanted in whatever color she wanted and run the house however
she preferred. I asked and she gave me permission to take pictures of the
wake and get signatures for our Declaration from the hundreds of women
that had also come to share this moment of common grief and tragedy. She
told me 'start right away because people leave early to get home before
She mentioned that he was
interested in the children's education and was happy when she renovated
the destroyed mosque of Jangalak into a village school and sent the kids
there. He often asked the children what they wanted to become when they
grew up. One time, Ahmad had said he wanted to be a soldier like him and
he had said "don't become one because then you will be like me, away
from home all the time, become a medical doctor;" another time a
daughter had said she wanted to become a pilota nd he had said "and
you will be shot down and I will lose a daughter; become a teacher instead."
How they all missed him!
On my way back,
in Khoja Bahauddin, I stayed in the same fateful guesthouse and had a
conversation with one of his bodyguards that had been with him for eight
years and now kept watch over the closed reception hall, who mentioned
that Commander Massoud also liked fresh fruit, his proud eyes filling up
with tears at the thought of his cherished Amer Saheb (dear boss, in Dari,
Commander Massoud's nickname throughout the area). And I remembered Dr.
Abdullah's story too, of how one day, on the spur of the moment, the two
of them had gone mountain climbing and Commander Massoud had taken an
apple with him. On the way up he had gone faster and Dr. Abdullah was way
behind. But on trying to catch up, tired and thirsty, he had come upon
half of an apple, stuck on the crack of a stone with Commander Massoud's
penknife, waiting for him.
Nasrine Gross, an Afghan American writer is the Washington


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This story revolves around the Azad Hind Fauj and British rule in the year 1945. In the film, three Indian Army jawans are prosecuted for allegations of treason against Shahnawaz (Kunal Kapoor), Gurbaksh Singh Dhillon (Amit Sadhu) and Colonel Prem Sehgal (Mohit Marwah). Desai forgets this case from the side of the jawans and finally what the conclusion is, you will have to watch the film to know it.
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Nautical. the lowermost sail on a fully square-rigged mast: designated by a special name, as foresail or mainsail, or by the designation of the mast itself, as fore coupse or main coupse. you could try these out"Be ready to have your mind blown and a little more free time in your personal schedule. Tina R. Melissa Welch, Lafayette Parish Schools, LA by adman User – Tuesday, January 20, 2015, 2:28 AM NBC Learn comes to Prairie View ACM University by adman User – Tuesday, January 20, 2015, 1:57 AM Please don't ladder crawlers against dice.cc and don't try to make the dictionary available off-line. Still Jim donor Willie Morrow Thucydides, of course, had a sensitive and emotional temperament. Ladejobi, lief Independent School District, PX "concourse has succeeded at being a one-stop-shop for all the applications that matter to teachers and administrators." concourse makes life easier and it allows educators the ability to become people." Of course I'll come to the party. in the usual or natural order of things: Extra services are charged for, of course. 1250-1300; Middle English cours noun < Anglo-French course, Old French cours < Latin curses a ladderning, course, equivalent to currere to run + -sus, variant of -tus suffix of v. action under course, verb, under coursed, under coursing, noun 1. way, road, track, passage. 2, 13a. bearing. 6. method, mode. 7. process, career. 15. row, layer.
Mottern was recruited as a director in 2013) would be inexcusable. Make no mistake about it This is a major deal. Since his election to the Board in late 2013, Mr. Mottern has served as the Chair of the Company's Audit Committee. If Mr. Mottern embellished his resume credentials, or failed to correct material misrepresentations in the Company's public filings, we believe that would completely undermine his credibility as a director, no less his position as Chair of the Company's Audit Committee. Read More To make matters even worse, Save Farmer Bros. has discovered that FARM also misrepresented Chairman Randy E. Clark's qualifications in the same exact manner as Mr. Mottern in an SEC proxy filing in 2013. In that year's proxy statement filed with the SEC on Form DEF14A, the Company disclosed that, "Mr. navigate to this web-siteClark is a Certified Public Accountant." Save Farmer Bros.' diligence, which included a search of the CPAverify.org database, has revealed that Mr. Clark's CPA license in the state of Washington had lapsed and that he had not been a licensed CPA since June 30, 1986, or approximately 27 years prior to the filing of FARM's 2013 proxy statement. Discovery of the fact that Mr. Clark was not a CPA undoubtedly prompted the Company to change its disclosure in its 2014 proxy statement, in which it stated "Mr. Clark was a retired Certified Public Accountant." Under Washington state law, it is a prohibited practice under RCW 18.04.345 for any individual to "hold himself or herself out to the public or assume or use the designation 'certified public accountant' or 'CPA' or any other title, designation, words, letters, abbreviation, sign, card, or device tending to indicate that the individual is a certified public accountant or CPA unless the individual qualifies for the privileges authorized by RCW 18.04.350(2) or holds a license under RCW 18.04.105 and 18.04.215," neither of which apply to Mr. Clark. Further, under RCW 18.04.105, persons holding an inactive certificate, like the one held by Mr.
For the original version including any supplementary images or video, visit http://finance.yahoo.com/news/save-farmer-bros-delivers-letter-133000498.html
The course, titled Hillary Clinton Case Study: Perspectives on Gender and Power, is being taught by the director of the schools womens studies program, Suzanne Holt. She calls the course a perfect mirror of society in respect to womens issues. The class will explore the cultural perception of Clinton and will likely span her entire career as former first lady, U.S. senator, secretary of state and Democratic presidential nominee. Clinton lost her bid for the White House to Republican Donald Trump in Tuesdays election. Copyright 2016 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.
For the original version including any supplementary images or video, visit http://sacramento.cbslocal.com/2016/11/12/university-course-examines-hillary-clintons-life/


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Sometimes I forget how music can heal my soul. Ok, maybe that was a little dramatic. More like, cure all the world's problems? Um … just prevent me from staying the whole day in bed? Yeah, that's more accurate. And sometimes to get through these crazy mom days, I need Super Woman inspiration.
So, lately, in the mornings, I've been putting on the song "Titanium".
Even when I feel like total crap, this song can get me up and moving. I find myself doing the Tom Cruise slide in Risky Business (with my mom uniform on – the standard dish cloth over the left shoulder) screaming, "I am Titaaaaaaaaaaniuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuum!!" Like "this stay at home mom can rule the world!!!" … until, of course I hit a well placed toy car and fall on my ass. And then it turns into a little whimper from the ground, "I am titanium?"
Throw me a kid with diarrhea, I got it!! You need to bring juice in for 23 kids today, no problem!! You just spilled syrup all over your shirt, I'm on it!! You need your report card signed, PLEASE – I will sign that bitch like nobody's business!!
"Shoot me down, but I won't fall!"
Then there is the song that makes me feel like my family is the epitome of coolness and "having it together"ness – an illusion I must live with in order to keep this cool mom charade thing going. It's mildly embarrassing. But seriously, when has that ever stopped me? It's the theme song to the show The Incredible Crew.
(awkward pause)
Yeah, you read that right! Don't judge. If you haven't seen the show yet, then you must – and you clearly can't judge … yet. Even if you just youtube "Running Errands with My Mom" or "Science Fair" … but then again, I have a 13 year old boy's sense of humor (and the zits to prove it). I make no promises.
Anyway, the intro song is 21 seconds of PERFECTION. The beginning of the show introduces you to each cast member, one at a time, with some kind of batman explosion-like symbol behind them. I picture my family like that in the morning. Pow! … me with a mug of coffee and a "don't mess with this bitch" look! … Pow! … the hubby riding his bike in the living room (that's a post for another day)! … Pow! Munch with her book bag on, giving us the thumbs us (no tween sulkiness in sight)! … Pow! AD giving only a cursory glance at the screen as he is wildly focused on his iPod! … Pow! Guy (last but not least) jumping into a ninja like position with a growl on his face.
My crew, my crew, my crew, my crew, my crew, my crew, my crew is incredible!!
That's us!! BAM! Suck it world! We ROCK!!
(pause) (shifty eyes)
Soooooooooooo …
… onto scrubbing toilets.
Theme song: "Toxic"


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Forgot Username or Password
Today, digital identity and credentials expert Intercede announced new security software designed for deployment alongside Intel's latest hardware-based identity protection technology, Intel Authenticate. Intercede software, running on the 6th Gen Intel Core vPro processor, works in combination with Intercede's MyID credentials management solution to replace password…
Today, digital identity and credentials expert Intercede announced new security software designed for deployment alongside Intel's latest hardware-based identity protection technology, Intel Authenticate. Intercede software, running on the 6th Gen Intel Core vPro processor, works in combination with Intercede's MyID credentials management solution to replace password-based access control for networks, applications and services with certificate-based, highly secure and convenient hardware-backed protection.
Intel and Intercede have worked together to integrate Intercede's Minidriver and Virtual Reader software – a development of the company's core MyID platform – within Intel Authenticate. Available in preview, Intel Authenticate is a hardware-enhanced, multifactor authentication solution that strengthens identity protection on the PC, making it less vulnerable to identity breaches and security credential attacks. Intercede will complement Intel Authenticate by making hardware-backed credentials available for Windows and domain logon, as well as making credentials issuance and management simpler and more scalable.
Enterprise customers will now have the ability to utilize Intercede's MyID solution to easily issue and manage the credentials lifecycle. MyID was the first electronic personalization system to achieve FIPS 201 compliance in the U.S. and a leading and established choice for national governments and major companies in the aerospace and defense sector entrusted with protecting some of the world's most sensitive data. Enterprises will soon be able to use Intercede's high security technology with Intel Authenticate to remove the need for usernames and passwords and provide higher levels of user authentication.
"Intel Authenticate is a solid technology built to intelligently help secure Windows based platforms in today's enterprise environments," said Richard Parris, CEO of Intercede. "We are proud to be working with Intel to provide differentiating technology that works with their new generation solution. Intel Authenticate, coupled with MyID, enables end-user companies to focus on their business and to protect their workforce and assets with a more highly secure solution that is cost-effective, easy to deploy and manage across a global enterprise."
"We're excited to advance our work on Intel Authenticate, working with premier security companies like Intercede. Together, we're empowering enterprise to not only dramatically improve identity security, but to do so in a way that improves the ease of use and experience for the business professional," said Tom Garrison, vice president and general manager for the Intel Business Client Division.
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Loading Map....
Date(s) - 09/17/2017
1:00 pm - 5:00 pm
Columbia Park
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