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Our Privacy Policy is fully compliant with the European Union General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)
Effective date: September 14, 2018
Georgios C. Georgiou ("Application/App Developer", "us", "we", or "our") operates many different applications collectively, ("Application", "App" the "Service").
The following terminology applies to the Privacy Policy, EULA and Disclaimer and all Agreements unless otherwise stated: "User" "Client", "You" and "Your" refers to you, the person who use our applications and compliant to the following terms and conditions of use.
These Privacy Statement, EULA and Disclaimer Notice are an agreement between Georgios C. Georgiou and you. Any use of the above terminology or other words in the singular, plural, capitalization and/or he/she or they, are taken as interchangeable and therefore as referring to same.
This page informs the User of our policies regarding the collection, use, and disclosure of personal data when you use our Service and the choices you have associated with that data.
We use your data to provide and improve the Service. By using the Service, you agree to the collection and use of information in accordance with this policy.
The term application is a shorter form of application program. An application program is a program designed to perform a specific function directly for the user or another application program in many electronic devices.
Personal Data
Personal Data means data about a living individual who can be identified from those data (or from those and other information either in our possession or likely to come into our possession).
Usage Data
Usage Data is data collected automatically either generated by the use of the Service or from the Service infrastructure itself (for example, the duration of a page visit).
Data Controller
Data Controller means a person who (either alone or jointly or in common with other persons) determines the purposes for which and the manner in which any personal data are, or are to be, processed.
For the purpose of this Privacy Policy, we are a Data Controller of your data.
Data Processor (or Service Providers)
Data Processor (or Service Provider) means any person (other than an employee of the Data Controller) who processes the data on behalf of the Data Controller.
We use the services of various Service Providers who are also fully compliant with the European Unions GDPR in order to process your data more effectively.
Data Subject
Data Subject is any living individual who is the subject of Personal Data.
The User is the individual using our Service. The User corresponds to the Data Subject, who is the subject of Personal Data.
Information Collection And Use
We collect several different types of information for various purposes to provide and improve our Service to you.
Types of Data Collected
Personal Data
While using our Applications, you are asked to enter your full name and other personal information. All this personal data is not registered, collected, stored or maintained in any of our equipment.
However, if you choose to contact us directly for whatever reason then we may ask you to provide us with certain personal identifiable information that can be used to contact or identify you ("Personal Data"). Personal identifiable information may include, but is not limited to:• Email address
• First name and last name
Use of Data
Wish Manifestation uses the collected data for various purposes:
• To provide and maintain the Service
• To notify you about changes to our Service
• To allow you to participate in interactive features of our Service when you choose to do so
• To provide customer care and support
• To provide analysis or valuable information so that we can improve the Service
• To monitor the usage of the Service
• To detect, prevent and address technical issues
Analytical tracking code/tool
We use third-party Service Providers to monitor, analyze and collect information about the use of our application which in turn enable us to ensure all of our app features operate optimally in your device.
Google Analytics Solutions
Google Analytics Solutions offer free and enterprise analytics tools to measure website, app, digital and offline data to gain customer insights. Read the Privacy Policy for Google Analytics Solutions here: https://www.google.com/analytics/terms/us.html
App Annie
App Annie is a data platform and mobile analytics service. Read the Privacy Policy for App Annie here: https://www.appannie.com/en/legal/data-usage-policy/
Fabric is a mobile platform offers analytics and building tools for apps. Read the Privacy Policy for Fabric here: https://policies.google.com/privacy
Transfer Of Data
Your information, including Personal Data, may be transferred to — and maintained on — computers located outside of your state, province, country or other governmental jurisdiction where the data protection laws may differ than those from your jurisdiction.
If you are located outside Cyprus and choose to provide information to us, please note that we transfer the data, including Personal Data, to Cyprus and process it there.
Your consent to this Privacy Policy followed by your submission of such information represents your agreement to that transfer.
Wish Manifestation will take all steps reasonably necessary to ensure that your data is treated securely and in accordance with this Privacy Policy and no transfer of your Personal Data will take place to an organization or a country unless there are adequate controls in place including the security of your data and other personal information.
Disclosure Of Data
Legal Requirements
Georgios C. Georgiou may disclose your Personal Data in the good faith belief that such action is necessary to:
• To comply with a legal obligation
• To protect and defend the rights or property of Georgios C. Georgiou or the service
• To prevent or investigate possible wrongdoing in connection with the Service
• To protect the personal safety of users of the service or the public
• To protect against legal liability
Security Of Data
The security of your data is important to us but remember that no method of transmission over the Internet, or method of electronic storage is 100% secure. While we strive to use commercially acceptable means to protect your Personal Data, we cannot guarantee its absolute security.
Service Providers
We employ third party companies and individuals to facilitate our Service ("Service Providers"), to provide the Service on our behalf, to perform Service-related services or to assist us in analyzing how our Service is used.
These third parties have access to your Personal Data only to perform these tasks on our behalf and are obligated not to disclose or use it for any other purpose.
Links To Other Sites
Our Service may contain links to other sites that are not operated by us. If you click on a third-party link, you will be directed to that third party's site. We strongly advise you to review the Privacy Policy of every site you visit.
We have no control over and assume no responsibility for the content, privacy policies or practices of any third-party sites or services.
We provide paid products and/or services within the Service. In that case, we use third-party services for payment processing (e.g. payment processors).
We will not store or collect your payment card details. That information is provided directly to our third-party payment processors whose use of your personal information is governed by their Privacy Policy. These payment processors adhere to the standards set by PCI-DSS as managed by the PCI Security Standards Council, which is a joint effort of brands like Visa, Mastercard, American Express and Discover. PCI-DSS requirements help ensure the secure handling of payment information.
The payment processors we work with are:
Apple Store In-App Payments
Their Privacy Policy can be viewed at https://www.apple.com/legal/privacy/en-ww/
Google Play In-App Payments
Their Privacy Policy can be viewed at https://www.google.com/policies/privacy/
PayPal or Braintree
Their Privacy Policy can be viewed at https://www.paypal.com/webapps/mpp/ua/privacy-full
Children's Privacy
Our Service does not address anyone under the age of 13 ("Children").
We do not knowingly collect personally identifiable information from anyone under the age of 13. If you are a parent or guardian and you are aware that your Children has provided us with Personal Data, please contact us. If we become aware that we have collected Personal Data from children without verification of parental consent, we take steps to remove that information from our servers.
Changes To This Privacy Policy
You are advised to review this Privacy Policy periodically for any changes. Changes to the Privacy Policy are effective when they are posted on this page.
Contact Us
If you have any questions about this Privacy Policy, please contact us:
• By email: email@example.com
This Agreement sets forth the general terms and conditions for the use of the application. By accessing this application, we assume you accept these terms and conditions of use. Do not continue to use the Service if you do not agree with all of the terms and conditions of use stated on this page.
Age requirement
You must be at least 13 years of age to use this Application. By using this Application and by agreeing to this Agreement you warrant and represent that you are at least 13 years of age.
We are not responsible for Content residing in the Application. In no event shall we be held liable for any loss of any Content. It is your sole responsibility to maintain appropriate backup of your Content.
Links to other mobile applications
Although this Application may be linked to other mobile applications, we are not, directly or indirectly, implying any approval, association, sponsorship, endorsement, or affiliation with any linked mobile application, unless specifically stated herein. We are not responsible for examining or evaluating, and we do not warrant the offerings of, any businesses or individuals or the content of their mobile applications. We do not assume any responsibility or liability for the actions, products, services, and content of any other third-parties. You should carefully review the legal statements and other conditions of use of any mobile application which you access through a link from this Mobile Application. Your linking to any other off-site mobile applications is at your own risk.
Prohibited uses
In addition to other terms as set forth in the Agreement, you are prohibited from using the Mobile Application or its Content: (a) for any unlawful purpose; (b) to solicit others to perform or participate in any unlawful acts; (c) to violate any international, federal, provincial or state regulations, rules, laws, or local ordinances; (d) to infringe upon or violate our intellectual property rights or the intellectual property rights of others; (e) to harass, abuse, insult, harm, defame, slander, disparage, intimidate, or discriminate based on gender, sexual orientation, religion, ethnicity, race, age, national origin, or disability; (f) to submit false or misleading information; (g) to upload or transmit viruses or any other type of malicious code that will or may be used in any way that will affect the functionality or operation of the Service or of any related mobile application, other mobile applications, or the Internet; (h) to collect or track the personal information of others; (i) to spam, phish, pharm, pretext, spider, crawl, or scrape; (j) for any obscene or immoral purpose; or (k) to interfere with or circumvent the security features of the Service or any related mobile application, other mobile applications, or the Internet. We reserve the right to terminate your use of the Service or any related mobile application for violating any of the prohibited uses.
Intellectual property rights
This Agreement does not transfer to you any intellectual property owned by Georgios C. Georgiou, the developer or third-parties, and all rights, titles, and interests in and to such property will remain solely between the parties. All trademarks, service marks, graphics and logos used in connection with our Application or Services, registered trademarks or copyrighted of Georgios C. Georgiou. Other trademarks, service marks, graphics and logos used in connection with our Application or Services may be the trademarks or copyright of other third-parties. Your use of our Application and Services grants you no right or license to reproduce or otherwise use any Application or third-party trademarks.
Depending on the type or version of the service, advertisements from third parties may or may not be displayed during the use of the Service.
Disclaimer of warranty
You agree that your use of our application Services is solely at your own risk. You agree that such Service is provided on an "as is" and "as available" basis. We expressly disclaim all warranties of any kind, whether express or implied, including but not limited to the implied warranties of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose and non-infringement. We make no warranty that the Services will meet your requirements, or that the Service will be uninterrupted, timely, secure, or error-free; nor do we make any warranty as to the results that may be obtained from the use of the Service or as to the accuracy or reliability of any information obtained through the Service or that defects in the Service will be corrected. You understand and agree that any material and/or data downloaded or otherwise obtained through the use of Service is done at your own discretion and risk and that you will be solely responsible for any damage to your computer system or loss of data that results from the download of such material and/or data. We make no warranty regarding any goods or services purchased or obtained through the Service or any transactions entered into through the Service. No advice or information, whether oral or written, obtained by you from us or through the Service shall create any warranty not expressly made herein.
Limitation of liability
To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, in no event will Georgios C. Georgiou the Application Developer, its affiliates, officers, directors, employees, agents, suppliers or licensors be liable to any person for (a): any indirect, incidental, special, punitive, cover or consequential damages (including, without limitation, damages for lost profits, revenue, sales, goodwill, use or content, impact on business, business interruption, loss of anticipated savings, loss of business opportunity) however caused, under any theory of liability, including, without limitation, contract, tort, warranty, breach of statutory duty, negligence or otherwise, even if Mobile Application Developer has been advised as to the possibility of such damages or could have foreseen such damages.
You agree to indemnify and hold Georgios C. Georgiou and its affiliates, directors, officers, employees, and agents harmless from and against any liabilities, losses, damages or costs, including reasonable attorneys' fees, incurred in connection with or arising from any third-party allegations, claims, actions, disputes, or demands asserted against any of them as a result of or relating to your Content, your use of the Website or Services or any willful misconduct on your part.
All rights and restrictions contained in this Agreement may be exercised and shall be applicable and binding only to the extent that they do not violate any applicable laws and are intended to be limited to the extent necessary so that they will not render this Agreement illegal, invalid or unenforceable. If any provision or portion of any provision of this Agreement shall be held to be illegal, invalid or unenforceable by a court of competent jurisdiction, it is the intention of the parties that the remaining provisions or portions thereof shall constitute their agreement with respect to the subject matter hereof, and all such remaining provisions or portions thereof shall remain in full force and effect.
Dispute resolution
The formation, interpretation, and performance of this Agreement and any disputes arising out of it shall be governed by the substantive and procedural laws of the Republic of Cyprus without regard to its rules on conflicts or choice of law and, to the extent applicable, the laws of Republic of Cyprus. The exclusive jurisdiction and venue for actions related to the subject matter hereof shall be the state and federal courts located in Limassol of the Republic of Cyprus, and you hereby submit to the personal jurisdiction of such courts. You hereby waive any right to a jury trial in any proceeding arising out of or related to this Agreement. The United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods does not apply to this Agreement.
Our failure to enforce any right or provision of these Terms will not be considered a waiver of those rights. If any provision of these Terms is held to be invalid or unenforceable by a court, the remaining provisions of these Terms will remain in effect. These Terms constitute the entire agreement between us regarding our Service and supersede and replace any prior agreements we might have between us regarding the Service.
Changes and amendments
We reserve the right to modify this Agreement or its policies relating to the Service at any time, effective upon posting of an updated version of this Agreement on the Website. When we do we will revise the updated date at the bottom of this page. Continued use of the Mobile Application and Service after any such revisions become effective shall constitute your consent to such changes. If you do not agree to the new terms, please stop using the Service.
Acceptance of these terms
You acknowledge that you have read this Agreement and agree to all its terms and conditions. By using the Mobile Application or its Services you agree to be bound by this Agreement. If you do not agree to abide by the terms of this Agreement, you are not authorized to use or access the Mobile Application and its Services.
The information, content, functionality contained in Wish Manifestation mobile app and software (the "Service") is for The information, content, functionality contained in Wish Manifestation mobile app and software (the "Service") is for personal, experimental, experiential and general information purposes only.
Assumes no liability or responsibility for errors or omissions in the contents of the Service.
In no event shall be liable for any special, direct, indirect, consequential, or incidental damages or any damages whatsoever, whether in an action of contract, negligence or other tort, including that of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose, arising out of or in connection with the use of the Service or the contents of the Service. reserves the right to make additions, deletions, or modification to the contents on the Service at any time without prior notice.
You understand and agree that any material and/or data downloaded or otherwise obtained through the use of Service is done at your own discretion and risk and that you will be solely responsible for any damage to your computer system or loss of data that results from the download of such material and/or data. We make no warranty regarding any goods or services purchased or obtained through the Service or any transactions entered into through the Service. No advice or information, whether oral or written, obtained by you from us or through the Service shall create any warranty not expressly made herein.
Does not warrant that the Service made available to you is free from viruses or other harmful components.
The Service is provided by Georgios C. Georgiou on an "as is" and "as available" basis. Georgios C. Georgiou makes no representations or warranties of any kind, express or implied, as to the operation of the app and software, or the information, content, functionality, products, or other services included on or otherwise made available to you through the app and software. You expressly agree and acknowledge that Georgios C. Georgiou can discontinue support for the application at any time on its sole discretion without any liability to you.
You are advised to review these agreements periodically for any changes which become effective when they are posted on this page.
Contacting us
If you have any questions about this Agreement, please contact us.
This document was last updated on September 14, 2018


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Tomorrow's game will be heated, tense and packed with vitriol and hate. It will be the sort of game a football fan lives for, a local derby where the atmosphere is cranked right up and the passion runs high.
Grimsby have a new manager, Michael Jolley was with us for a short while and he was the surprise replacement for Russell Slade a couple of weeks ago. He's unbeaten as Grimsby manager and one way or another a story is written tomorrow. The new manager picks up his first win, or defeat against City. Even a draw would be a good result for them right now.
I'm aware of Jolley's past, the incident which has seen him labelled as all sorts on social media recently. I'm not here to argue with anyone, but I sincerely hope that part of his life can be left alone tomorrow.
Danny Cowley conducts himself with class and integrity, I hope as fans we can do the same. The crime for which Jolley was convicted may not look good on his record, but a delve into the facts reveals a very different story. The circumstances of the situation are markedly different from that of a common sex offender and frankly, I feel we shouldn't be highlighting this unfortunate incident in the young manager's past. He doesn't deserve it, he didn't willingly go out and commit the crime and I feel very strongly that he deserves to be left in peace, certainly over that.
By all means, give him stick for being a Lincoln reject or a Cod, the usual stuff you'd expect to hear. Please, be aware of how we're perceived as fans and how Danny would want us to act. Do you think our manager, the architect of our complete turnaround, will want to hear the fans of Lincoln City singing unjustified vile abuse at the opposition manager? I'm not sanitising the game here, I'm not a snow flake and I'm not a left-wing liberal either. I just believe we can represent our fans and our team better. We can show more class, infinitely more class, than to sing lewd songs at a man who really doesn't deserve it.
I know I'll get stick for this, I understand that, but I feel really strongly about this. Nobody batted an eyelid when Jolley worked for City and nobody should bat an eyelid right now either. We've got a lot to be proud of at this club and tomorrow, right before kick off, we'll have a display that I'm sure will have the football world gushing once again and have the 617 back in the 'good books' once again. Please, lets retain that positivity and class and not lower ourselves to singing vicious, hate-filled songs at Michael Jolley about his past. We're better than that Imps, genuinely.

subset: commoncrawl


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Pet Releaf CBD Hemp oil contains whole hemp plant CBD oil and organic coconut oil.
We use the entire hemp plant (stalks and seeds) because Cannabidiol (CBD) is one of at least 85 active cannabinoids that have been identified by scientists in the hemp plant.
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Privacy Policy Terms of Use


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Does anyone have any crochet projects to share? I found this free pattern for a crochet necklace – I was in a conference call one day and made a test one (shhh, don't tell!) – it was in a yarn color I would NEVER wear around my neck, I just wanted to see how long it would take me to do the chain part. But I'm planning a trip to Vegas this summer with some mommy friends, and I really want to make this for one of our nights out. I do wish the pattern author had included instructions for the flower, but I'll figure something out for that.
Here's what it looks like on the original blog post:
I'm thinking about using black cotton, and making a colorful flower, using a large pretty bead instead of a button.


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|Gad Koito
Health Ministry Director
Email: email@example.com
Good health is probably the most precious commodity for every person on the planet. The Seventh-Day Adventist Church promotes that each person should live life to their maximum, God-given, potential. This includes all facets namely: physically, emotionally, socially and spiritually.
The aim of the Health Ministries Department is to assist individuals, local churches and their communities to experience that quality-of-life through:
- Education resources
- Training seminars
- Group support
- Community health awareness campaigns
The Papua New Guinea Union Mission, in conjunction with all the local Adventist churches in in the country, runs about 40 different Aid Posts and Clinics that serves the people of Papua New Guinea. Click here to locate the different health cernters within the country.


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Ramp Up Weekend gives Manitoba entrepreneurs a chance to develop their own startup in just 55 hours, and this year's action-packed event didn't disappoint.
Although geared towards developing innovative ideas, the weekend isn't focused on how many startups succeed or launch. Instead, it's about building deep relationships among the attendees, learning and taking the first steps towards entrepreneurship in Manitoba.
Learn more about the format of the weekend here, and keep reading to hear about this year's pitches, judges, honourable mentions and the Ramp Up Weekend winners.
The Weekend: A non-stop innovation lab
To put it mildly, the action throughout the weekend was crazy! Starting on day one there was a flurry of activity that never ended: Friday night idea pitches, a scramble to vote on the most popular ideas, yelling for developers, designers, etc. to join their team. Teams formed and the work started, going late into the night and early into the next morning. Contestants had just 55 hours to build a minimal viable product – and that would mean very little sleep.
The participants for the weekend had the opportunity to receive coaching and valuable advice from eight Manitoba mentors with varied skill sets including legal, financial, branding and marketing. The mentors brought a wealth of expert knowledge as leaders in Manitoba business (and some past winners of Ramp Up Weekend):
- Danielle Grzybowski, TDS
- Allister Penner, MNP
- Andrea Legary, Deloitte
- Joelle Foster, Futurpreneur
- Suzanne Braun, Relish New Brand Experience
- Stefan Maynard, Bold Commerce
- Chris Johnson, PermissionClick
- Dustin Refvik, FarmTrack
Bryce North of TrapTap, a past winner and pitch pro extraordinaire, also volunteered to help the teams perfect their pitches.
Sunday Night: The Final Pitches
Emcee, Greg Mackling, on-air host at 680 CJOB and fierce defender of all things Manitoba hosted the Sunday main event at The Metropolitan Entertainment Centre (The Met) in downtown Winnipeg. Kicking off the night was Chris Johnson, Co-Founder and CEO of Permission Click, who broke it all down for the audience. Mayor Brian Bowman, a big supporter of innovation and entrepreneurship in Manitoba, who had also renamed a portion of Adelaide Street to "Innovation Alley" in January 2015, also helped kick-off this gala event.
Thrilled to help kick off tonight's #RUW10 finals. Thanks to all volunteers, sponsors & competitors for supporting innovation in Winnipeg! pic.twitter.com/UVVSt5BwcX
— Mayor Brian Bowman (@Mayor_Bowman) June 12, 2017
Also in attendance was Hon. Cliff Cullen, Minister of Growth, Enterprise and Trade who delivered additional opening remarks, as well as Michael Legary, Chief Innovation Officer for the City of Winnipeg who is an entrepreneur and investor himself.
Rounding out the event's personalities in perfect fashion were the esteemed judges for the final pitches, who are also all entrepreneurs and leaders in the community:
- Tracey Maconachie, President of Life Science Association of Manitoba
- Jim Perchaluk, seasoned entrepreneur and Founder/CEO of Winnipeg tech company, UnionWare
- Priti Mehta-Shah, Managing Partner of 49-97 Capital Partners and Chair of The Winnipeg Chamber of Commerce
First Place: Connexus
Connexus is an idea that started from four young university students: David Teffaine and Brett Swope (both studying at the University of Manitoba), Sam Cohen (University of Winnipeg) and Carson Milberg (University of Victoria). Two more post-secondary students joined their team during the weekend; Kazu Kimura and Wajihah Mughal (both studying at the University of Manitoba), who rounded out this winning squad.
Connexus is an app geared for post-secondary students so that you "take the guessing out of learning." Designed to provide university students with all the information they'd need on campus and throughout their studies, the app filters students' selections (GPA, faculty, etc.) and customizes the results for the user.
Imagine being a student who spends countless hours researching available scholarships in your faculty. With so many out there, you'd potentially miss out on opportunities — and the universities, in turn, would miss out on connecting with students. With Connexus, students would be able to filter through all those scholarships to see exactly which ones are the most relevant based on the information that matters to them.
The group's pitch stayed focused on available scholarships but is adaptable to include social events and clubs, demonstrating the massive scalable potential that could be rolled-out to all universities in North America.
Their pitch deck was succinct and their delivery was on point. The Connexus team articulated the problem clearly with validation from influencers at RRC, financials, market strategy, competition analysis and a well-delivered summary — showing demand from both students and faculty, massive scalability, validated revenue, and the end result of helping students succeed. This was a well-deserved victory.
Second Place: Portal VR
The team from Portal VR included Logan Daly-Doersam, Jeremy Dyck, Jiazhou Bi and Harman Sandhu, whose idea was to provide the latest virtual reality techniques to home builders, selling agents and customers in order to significantly reduce home staging costs through 3D rendering.
Their solid pitch and pitch deck covered solutions, the business model, marketing and sales strategy, competitive analysis, financial projections, traction and the underlying magic.
The team also seconded a fantastic mentor over the weekend who is no stranger to the VR industry – Dan Blair from Bit Space Development.
Honourable Mention: StockCast
Remember this name: Sparsh Agrawal.
The impressive entrepreneur is only 14 years old, in Grade 8 and has single-handedly democratized the tools and strategies of Wall Street by leading development of his app, StockCast.
Here's how it works:
1) StockCast gathers historical data of all the stocks in the US stock market
2) The app uses industry-recognized indicators to examine the stock
3) It then applies a second layer of analysis to give a recommendation
The StockCast roadmap includes an advisory app, brokerage integration and a subscription platform for other algorithm developers. There's no doubt that Sparsh is on the entrepreneurial path to do something incredible.
Honourable Mention and Fan Favorite: Go Oil
The team of John Sparrow, Jenn Lusby and Joel Miyazawa introduced the audience to Go Oil, whose slogan "Because your time matters" could resonate with any busy motorist.
Go Oil is an oil change company that's on the move — as they come to you. The business would conduct a vehicle inspection serviced with warranty guidelines and change all oil types. Complete with online booking, this service can save consumers a lot of time — and for companies with a fleet of trucks, that time can also mean major corporate cost savings.
Go Oil displayed the most hustle during the weekend by gaining actual customers. Using the first-day revenue they generated over the weekend, they reinvested it into the final event on Sunday night by sponsoring a table.
Going a step beyond, their branding was the best ever seen at a Ramp Up Weekend — having also made t-shirts and truck decals from the new heat press and vinyl cutter at the North Forge Fabrication Lab.
The prizes were all strategically selected to give the winning teams the ability to start their business with the least amount of friction possible.
The top two finishers are offered office space for four months at the ACE Project Space, a North Forge Fabrication Lab Membership, plus more assistance to grow their business ideas via the North Forge startup program, office space, legal services, accounting services, UX services and more.
Still craving more Ramp Up Weekend activity? Check out the official podcast from the event:
All images by Wayne Perkins.
Up Next: Have you heard of these awesome Winnipeg startup companies?


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96 – Kaathalae Kaathalae Video Song -Vijay Sethupathi, Trisha
96 is an Indian Tamil-language romance film written and directed by C. Prem Kumar who earlier handled the cinematography for Naduvula Konjam Pakkatha Kaanom, the film features #VijaySethupathi and #Trisha Krishnan in the lead role and the film is bankrolled by Nandagopal of Madras Enterprises. The music for the film is composed by Govind Vasantha, who is currently working in Balaji Tharaneetharan's Oru Pakka Kathai and N. Shanmuga Sundaram is doing the cinematography.
Song : Kaathalae Kaathalae
Singers : Chinmayi, Govind Vasantha
Lyrics : Karthik Netha
Composed and Arranged by Govind Vasantha
Violin : Govind Vasantha
Flute : Kiran
Mixed and Mastered by Rajan KS
Recording Engineer : Avinash Satish and Dileep
Studios 20db sound studios and Seeds studios
#96 Tamil Movie Crew:
Starcast: Vijay Sethupathi, Trisha Krishnan
Banner : Madras Enterprises
Producer : S. Nanthagopal
Directior : C. Prem Kumar
Music : Govind Vasantha
DOP : Mahendiran Jayaraju, N. Shanmuga Sundaram
Editor : R. Govindaraj
Audio Label : Think Music


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Advances in Consumer Research Volume 23, 1996 Pages 446-453
Kathleen M. Rassuli, Indiana-Purdue University Fort Wayne
Gilbert D. Harrell, Michigan State University
The assortment or set of products a consumer owns has begun to assume an important role in consumer research. This paper proposes a construct, the consumption set, to operationalize sets. Exploratory research presented describes a way to elicit consumption sets from consumers. Interviews were conducted to determine whether consumption sets constructed would differ significantly by occupation group. In addition to significant relationships between occupation and set construction, relationships were found between household life cycle variables and sets. The authors argue, given the group differences found in consumption sets, this construct is a useful theoretical tool to include macro-variables in consumer behavior models.
The marketing literature contains numerous instances of scholars suggesting a shift from research on single products to sets of products (e.g., Wind 1977; Sheth 1979; 1992). There are at least two benefits that can arise from such a shift. First, we know that the products consumers own differ by culture, geographic location, and social class (e.g., Douglas and Isherwood 1978; Hirschman 1986). Yet, these variables are often modeled as exogenous variables. Douglas and Isherwood (1978) contend that there is a code locked in the goods people own; the code relates specific goods to specific cultures. In a similar vein, Hirschman (1986) suggests that common threads run through the lives of one group of consumers she studied. McCracken (1988) and other anthropologists, as well as consumer behaviorists (e.g., Solomon and Assael 1987) have proposed that we must consider the totality of products consumers own C the set. Since set contents are material artifacts of culture (McCracken 1986), sets might provide a mechanism for observing the influence of, heretofore, macro exogenous variables on consumer decisions.
Second, from a marketing standpoint, the set also may shed a new light on consumer decision making. If consumers are creating sets, then consumers may be seeking products for their capacity to initiate or to complete a set. In this set completion mode, a product would be purchased to complement other products in existing sets (Green, Wind and Jain 1972). Choice, then, is not only the output of a discovery and evaluation process, but also an input to the process of building a set. Bandura (1978) believes, "people create and activate environments." Sets of products become part of the consumer's environment (Solomon 1983).
There is a small, but growing, literature that broaches the topic of the influence of sets in consumer behavior (e.g., McCracken 1989; Solomon and Assael 1987; Johnson 1989). In this paper we offer a formal construct for sets and one technique to operationalize the concept. The proposed conceptualization of sets, the consumption set, merges the notion of product sets (found in the literature mentioned above) with the standard marketing treatment of products as bundles of attributes. We suggest that attributes might be a common link between goods in a set and with groups of people. Finally, we test whether consumers are able to construct the theorized sets and whether there are group differences in consumption set construction.
The marketing literature provides a theoretical foundation upon which to build an operational definition of a consumption set. Typically, products are defined as bundles of attributes (Kotler and Armstrong 1991). However, the role of products and their attributes has been expanded by several scholars. McAlister and Pessemier (1982) conceived of products as being stores of attributes. According to the Lancastrian view, products (goods) produce attributes (Lancaster 1966). Thus, one might construe that consumers acquire products for the attributes they store and/or produce.
The idea that products belong to a set implies some type of relationship among them. This relationship suggests an extended role for attributes. To develop this role, one might build on the work of Alderson. He observed that products are not useful in themselves; utility arises in an assortment of complementary goods (Alderson 1957, pp. 198-99). In other words, product purchases are inter-dependent. One might hypothesize that complementary products are those which possess complementary attributes. (Here we would also expect consumption sets to include substitutes and unrelated elements). Furthermore, according to the literature, products can be expected to have both physical (tangible) and perceived (intangible) attributes. Many scholars are in agreement on this point (Wilkie and Pessemier 1973; Lilien and Kotler 1983; Hirschman 1980; Johnson 1988). [For simplicity sake, we only dealt with broad dimensions of attributes. Physical and perceived attributes can be broken down into more elementary components, e.g., brass. Chemicals, compounds, and minerals create brass.] Therefore, we define a consumption set as the entire assortment or portfolio of complementary, substitute and unrelated attributes and attribute combinations that a consumer holds at a particular time. A consumption set is the entire universe of products which surrounds a consumerCexpressed in attribute form. If, indeed, the attribute composition of consumption sets differs among groups, then perhaps we would be able to use consumption sets to decode consumption messages. Attributes would provide a taxonomical tool for classifying, comparing and evaluating consumption sets.
Consumption sets are created, formed, built and shaped by consumers. Conceivably consumption sets are first created in the consumers mind, and then, take shape in reality. The building process occurs over a period of time. Each choice a consumer makes can be expected to have an impact on the set. Consumption sets can be decomposed into consumption subsets or subgroupings of goods and attributes used together as a system, such as a living room, pantry, wardrobe, laundry, and so forth. [The attribute conceptualization of consumption sets is for operational purposes. The ultimate consumer does not typically enter the market to buy attributes. However, as shown in this study, consumers are aware of the attributes they use to produce consumption sets.]
Two macro variables were used to test for group differences in construction of the hypothesized consumption sets. First, to the extent that individuals are members of a group, similarities in consumption sets should be evident. Relying on Hirschman (1986) and Laumann and House (1970), we hypothesized that the consumption sets individuals createCthat is, the attribute profile or compositionCwould differ by social strata. Thus,
H1: The composition of consumption sets is similar for individuals within a group (e.g., occupation, subculture, culture) and different between groups.
H1: The composition of consumption sets is similar for individuals within a group (e.g., occupation, subculture, culture) and different between groups.
H1: The composition of consumption sets is similar for individuals within a group (e.g., occupation, subculture, culture) and different between groups.
To test this hypothesis, occupation groups were used.
Household life cycle (HLC) is another important macro-variable. Past research on household life cycles shows that as individuals advance in age, get married, and have children, and as the occupational status of the husband and wife change, household purchases of products (particularly durables) change accordingly. Since we believe that a person's consumption set is created and shaped over time, we expected differences depending upon a subject's stage in the HLC. Given an open-ended task of creating any consumption set, we expected consumers early in the HLC to create a set which resembled their ideal set. Having had time to accumulate a consumption set, we expected persons later in the HLC to create their actual set for the test.
H2: Consumers earlier in the household life cycle will create their ideal consumption set, while persons later in the life cycle will reconstruct their actual set.
H2: Consumers earlier in the household life cycle will create their ideal consumption set, while persons later in the life cycle will reconstruct their actual set.
H2: Consumers earlier in the household life cycle will create their ideal consumption set, while persons later in the life cycle will reconstruct their actual set.
In order to explore whether it is possible to recover consumption sets and to test for group differences, four groups of consumers were asked to construct a living room set and to complete a lengthy personal questionnaire. A living room consumption subset was chosen for several reasons. We needed to narrow the scope of the test to make the task manageable for subjects. Previous research on living rooms provided some a priori expectations about the products and attributes that might be included in living room sets (Csikszentmihalyi and Rochberg-Halton 1981; Laumann and House 1970; McCracken 1989). Living rooms are used for display purposes (Laumann and House 1970), and if, as Douglas and Isherwood (1978) state, people use goods to "signal membership" in groups, living rooms should provide evidence of group membership.
Instrument Subjects responded to a mail questionnaire that had been pre-tested on a sample of 30 subjects. First, respondents were instructed to create a living room set (write out the contents) based on physical and perceived attributes they selected from a list. The second section asked respondents to identify the living room style and to indicate whether the living room that was created was closer to their "actual" living room or an "ideal" living room. Demographic questions were asked at the end.
The main manipulation was a page with seven blank boxes across the top and a list of physical and perceived attributes down the side. Subjects were instructed to fill in each box with any product s/he desired and check off the attributes the product would have. Two stipulations applied: (1) respondents were instructed that the set must be within his/her present income (to prevent outlandish creations that would be out of reach for the subject's occupation group), (2) subject were asked to fill-in at least five of the seven products (to help reduce the number of blank questionnaires). To reduce fatigue, respondents were instructed that they did not have to construct each product in infinite detail. A number of popular magazines were content analyzed to produce a list of physical and perceived attributes shown in Table 1.
Subjects Groups of subjects were chosen from three occupations. Since the purpose of the research is to establish the existence of group differences in the attribute composition of consumption sets, the choice of groups was not essential. Occupation is an important indicator of social status; Hollingshead's two-item index of social status is composed of occupation and education, with occupation weighted more heavily. 443 questionnaires were sent to people employed in various white and blue collar occupations; 246 were returned. Population size (at a particular occupation site)/sample size/number of questionnaires returned (respectively) are as follows: physicians 270/110/42; college professors 307/200/82; firefighters 400/100/79; and a convenience sample of 43 from a mix of occupations. Ph.D.'s, M.D.'s, and men are over-represented in the sample. Although sample characteristics limit generalizability, they do not affect the major tests regarding differences in consumption set construction across groups.
Partitioning the Data Across the population one should witness heterogeneity in consumption sets composed of attributes, while finding homogeneity within groups. Hierarchical cluster analysis was used to assign each individual to a given cluster. Cluster analysis requires the selection of relatively independent variables, and the choice of a similarity measure, clustering method and the appropriate number of clusters. An examination of the correlation matrix shows that the measurement instrument provided relatively independent attributes. Most correlations were in the single digits with only a few exceptions. The highest correlation, 0.41, is between S5 (authentic) and S8 (classic). Hair, et al. (1987) indicate that attributes which fail to differentiate between or among groups will diminish the quality of the cluster solution. Objective attributes T1 (wood), T3 (fabric), and T5 (brass), as might be expected, were used by 99 percent, 95 percent, and 74 percent, respectively, of all groups. These attributes were not used in the cluster analysis. Square Euclidean distance was chosen for the similarity measure. Punj and Stewart (1983) note that choice of similarity measure "does not appear to be critical...." Ward's minimum variance method was selected as the clustering method. Punj and Stewart (1983) argue that Ward's method is among the better performing, except when outliers are present. We standardized the data in this study to reduce the outlier problem. Finally, a number of methods were employed to ensure the correct number of clusters were chosen. A plot of the coefficients against the number of clusters (scree diagram) yielded four clusters. Using the "mixture model approach" the results of the cluster analysis using Ward's method and the complete linkage method were compared. The cluster analysis was run using 75 percent of the sample, and then the remaining 25 percent were reclustered. This provided a test of the stability of the cluster solution, or evidence of convergence. Discriminant functions were derived, and observations were reclustered on the basis of those functions.
Four clusters emerged from the analysis. Each cluster had a highly unique profile in terms of the mean inclusion of attributes in the consumption sets constructed (Figure 1). A MANOVA routine was performed on the attributes by cluster. The univariate F-tests for each attribute across clusters showed that all perceived attributes were significantly different across clusters at the 0.0001 level, except S18 (impeccable). The only physical attributes that was significant was T8 (wicker).
Cluster Interpretation and Profiling Ten percent of the observations were classified in Cluster 1 C the "harmonious" cluster. For these individuals, living room sets were characterized by five attributes: simple, practical, natural, understated, harmony. While three of four clusters included the attribute comfort in their sets, Cluster 1 had the highest mean use of this attribute. Cluster 2 contained 16.9 percent of the respondents C the "distinctives." As Figure 1 shows, individuals in this cluster were characterized by three attributes: distinctive, dramatic, and futuristic. The inclusion of the attribute futuristic is interesting because other clusters avoided it's use. Cluster 3 contained 43.95 percent of the sample C the "practicalists." The attributes included most in the living room sets created by individuals were: practical, cozy, and comfortable. This cluster also had the largest mean inclusion of rustic. These individuals used fewer attributes per product and also developed fewer products. [The effect of the heavy use of attributes, by other clusters, would have been minimized by the process of standardization mentioned earlier.] They are perhaps described better by attributes they did not include in their set: gracious, understated and futuristic. Cluster 4 comprised 29.03 percent of the sample C the "classicists." These subjects developed sets composed mainly of three attributes: tradition, classic, and charming. In general, members of this cluster tended to be more expressive when describing the products they created. Figure 1 shows relatively wide use of all attributes. Consumption sets for members of Cluster 4 were not practical or comfortableCattributes used by more frequently by other clusters.
The four clusters were found to be significantly different from one another based on a MANOVA performed on the original clustering attributes. Since clusters were formed using Ward's minimum variance method, the MANOVA provides confirmation of a significant difference in the between, versus within, group variances. [MANOVA was merely used as a check, however, its distinctiveness in profiling variables is somewhat of an overstatement.] Wilk's Lambda was 0.099, with a significance of better than 0.001.
Profiling on variables not used in the clustering procedure. Descriptive statistics for the four clusters for variables other than those used in the clustering procedure are given in Table 2. MANOVA was used to compare the four clusters on income, education and occupation of the household head, and whether this was their actual or ideal set; F-statistics for the first three variables were 6.956, 12.295 and 9.232 (all significant at the .000 level or better). For actual versus ideal, the F-statistic was 2.488 (significant at better than .06). There were no significant differences in style of living room (not shown in Table 2); styles varied a great deal within each cluster.
Demographic Profiles. In Cluster 1, sixty percent of the heads of household were employed as professionals. More than two-thirds of these people said they had created their own (actual) living room set. Members of Cluster 2 were describing their "ideal set" more often than members of other clusters. Cluster 3 had more non-professionals, fewer college degrees compared to other clusters. More than four-fifths (83%) of Cluster 4 worked in professional occupations. This cluster had the highest mean income ($65,000+).
Product Use by Cluster. While products were not the focus of this study, some interesting findings appear. The basic products used to create a living room did not differ by cluster: a sofa/couch, a chair or two, an end table, carpet and a fireplace showed no significant differences (Table 3). But, there were significant differences for accessory products. Coffee tables, desks, pianos, televisions, stereos, and paintings were included by some clusters and not by others. For example, Cluster 2 did not include desks, but they did include stereos and paintings. Cluster 3 included televisions, but few pianos. It was in Cluster 4 where pianos were found in living room consumption sets along with paintings.
Internal and external validation. Internal validation was carried out by the split sample validation technique (Punj and Stewart 1983). Seventy-five percent of individuals were reclustered; the same clusters emerged. Then the classification of individuals into clusters was checked to determine whether they were clustered into the same groups as they previously had been. The analysis showed that only 21.7 percent, or 43 out of 198 individuals, were misclassified. [Twenty-eight of the 43 (65%) were original members of Cluster 3 who were misclassified into Cluster 2. When we tested the three cluster solution (earlier in the paper), we found that Cluster 2 was combined with Cluster 3. Therefore, this result might be expected.] This clearly supports the internal validity of the procedure. For external validity, one asks whether the solution is useful (Punj and Stewart 1983, p. 146). An overwhelming majority of respondents (88%) answered in the affirmative to the question of whether they had a picture in mind as they went through the exercise. This is strong support for external validity.
Tests of Hypotheses. Hypothesis 1. We believed that there should be consistency within sets of attributes created by occupation groups of individuals. MANOVA was conducted on a randomized block design, with the physical and perceived attributes as dependent variables and the four original groups as the independent variable. Two blocks of 50 percent of the subjects were chosen at random from the occupational subsamples. The purpose of the blocks was to test for the presence of any effects due to sample stratification. The results of the test show that Wilk's Lambda for the occupation treatment was 0.47; this was significant at better than .001. The blocking variable was insignificant; Wilk's Lambda was .90 with only a 63% level of significance. As part of the output of MANOVA, discriminant weights for the functions that differentiate clusters are produced. (See Table 4, for the standardized discriminant weights and discriminant functions.) Using these weights for classification purposes, a discriminant analysis was performed on a random sample of 90 percent of the total observations. 88.9 percent of grouped cases were correctly classified. All members of the holdout sample were correctly reclassified. Therefore, the results of the test support the belief that, given the opportunity to create a living room consumption set of their choice, individuals within occupational groups will create consumption sets of attributes that were more alike than those across groups. Comparing the cluster results to the original occupation groups, physicians mainly fell into Cluster 2, firefighters mainly into Cluster 3 and professors mainly into Clusters 1 and 4 (Table 2).
Hypothesis 2. The second research question deals with the issue of an actual versus an ideal set. Respondents were asked whether the consumption set they were describing was their actual set, their ideal set, or something else (other). While only those three options were provided, respondents often wrote "both" in the category marked "other." A content analysis of respondents answering "both" reveals that they often said "everything was mine except...," and the exception was "the big screen television" or "the baby grand piano."
Across all clusters, 55 percent of respondents created their own "actual" set. Slightly more than one-third said they had created their ideal. These averages can be broken down by cluster. In Cluster 1, 68 percent created their actual set, 20 percent their ideal. In Cluster 2, 43 percent created their actual set and 45 percent their ideal. For Cluster 3, 48 percent created their actual set and 41 percent their ideal. Sixty-one percent of Cluster 4 created their actual set and 29 percent their ideal. The creation of an actual set may be related to the ability to use more specific attributes (characteristics of Clusters 1 and 4) and/or to Cluster 3's inability to be descriptive.
A second discriminant analysis was performed in an effort to explore the impact of stage in the household life cycle on the creation of an actual, versus an ideal, set. In line with Hypothesis 2, the dependent variable, for the discriminant analysis, was the categorical variable, "actual or ideal," with independent variables C age, marital status, and presence of children 6 years of age and younger, 6B17 years of age, and 18 years of age and older (typical household life cycle variables). All variables had a significant contribution in discriminating between actual sets and ideal sets, except the presence of children under the age of six. The signs of all the variables were as expected. The function correctly discriminated between actual and ideal sets 60 percent of the time. Wilk's Lambda was 0.9378 (significant at the 0.05 level). The chance of being classified in a group is 50 percent; the model improved on chance to some extent.
The instrument was designed to explore only one part of a consumption set, the living room subset. Given the limited scope, there is room for future refinement. Other subsets may be less prone to group differences than the living room. A limited number of occupation groups were included in the study. Perhaps other occupations would exhibit similar differences. Finally, the sample was over-representative of persons with higher education and of males. One must wonder whether a sample that consisted mostly of females would have developed significantly different living room consumption sets. However, the purpose of the study was not to generalize to other groups, but to show that group differences can be detected in consumption sets and to suggest that perhaps this result can be generalized to other macro influences.
The authors set out to develop a tool sensitive enough to detect group differences in the construction of consumption sets. Such a tool would allow researchers to make comparisons across many types of macro groupings in society.
Taken as a whole the findings suggest that consumption sets specified in attribute form do, indeed, offer such a tool. Different occupational groups did have distinct attribute profiles within the consumption sets they constructed. This research suggests that differences in perceived attributes occur across groups (physical attributes did not). There was no significant difference in the basic products included in a consumption set across groups, although some of the accessory products differ. And it is fascinating to note that the overall style of living room consumption sets differed a great deal within a cluster (group). Yet, the attributes used to create these varied styles did not differ. In other words, group members use the same attributes to achieve different styles.
The research reported here implies that attributes might be used to conceptualize the common threads that run through a consumption set (cf., Hirschman 1986). Furthermore, attributes may be a first step in uncracking the group code locked in consumer goods (cf., Douglas and Isherwood 1978). For future research, one might expect the impact of other macro variables to show up in the composition of consumption sets. For example, while basic products composing a consumption set do not differ across groups within the American culture, one might expect them to differ from culture to culture. The product composition of a consumption set may differ due to physiology, geography and/or the unique nature of resource availability. Objective attributes may follow a similar logic. Moreover, some perceived attributesCpracticality and comfortCappeared in the consumption sets of all occupation groups under study. The incidence of these attributes in all consumption sets may be the result of a macro influence broader than occupation group, such as culture. Consumers from other cultures might develop different consumption sets of perceived attributes.
The research is intended to provide a starting point to demonstrate how consumption sets can be recovered from consumer responses and to explore macro differences in consumption set construction. The findings lend credence to the present conceptualization of consumption sets. Given an open-ended task, consumers can create consumption sets consisting of products and attributes. Furthermore, the composition of those consumption sets differs by group membership. Occupation groups were used to test the hypothesis. There were clear differences in the way consumers from different occupation groups combined attributes to create consumption sets. This research is a starting point. The consumption set construct may serve as a conceptual basis for classifying the contents of consumption sets. Once the contents of consumption sets have been inventoried, comparisons could be made across other macro groups C culture, social class, and reference groups. Clear patterns may emerge. A wealth of information may be contained in an analysis of the contents of consumption sets.
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Kilimanjaro Budget safaris doesn't have to be boring adventure travel. It's about being savvy with your money while not scrimping on the fun factor. The main thing to bear in mind is that everyone defines 'budget' differently: it is subjectiveFor most people the terms backpacking and budget go hand-in-hand but this doesn't have to be the case. However short or long the duration of your holiday, whatever the style of your trip and wherever your choice of destination takes you, your holiday can benefit from a little bit of clever money management
Why Choose Us
If your primary reason for traveling to Africa is to experience an abundance of African wildlife in unspoiled wilderness, then Tanzania should be your destination of choice. You simply cannot beat the wildlife concentrations found in Tanzania.
The parks and wildlife reserves of Tanzania are inhabited by vast herds of wildebeest spread out across the Serengeti savannah, huge populations of elephant and buffalo, as well as plains game and their predators. All these animals interact and roam freely, the same as they have for thousands of years.
Here you'll witness an incredible diversity of ecology and will find the vegetation and bird life as fascinating as the big game. Tanzania is home to over 35 species of large four-legged mammals and has over 1000 species of birds listed. An extension to the paradisiacal Islands of Zanzibar, Pemba and Mafia after a safari or mountain climbing is worthwhile and really rewarding


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Classic Car Parking
Game Description
Park these priceless old timer vehicles safely in the parking spaces without crashing in Classic Car Parking. In this game you can practice your parking skills. Don't let the fact that you're parking priceless oldtimers make you nervous - and don't wreck the car!
Use the arrow keys to maneuver your car: up and down to drive for- and backwards and left and right to steer. Hit Space for an emergency brake.


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National Geographic : 1913 Apr
THE NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC MAGAZINE CONCLUSIONS REACHED FROM THE MEAS UREMENTS AND EXAMINATIONS. At Huadquifia the Indians were or dered to a room to be measured. One subject objected strenuously and made it as difficult as he could for any measure ments to be taken. He would not stand straight, nor sit straight, nor assume any position correctly. Finally, when the measurements were all taken, he was offered the usual medio for his trouble. This small coin, with which one could purchase a large drink of native beer, was usually gratefully accepted as a quid pro quo, but in this case the Indian de cided he had been grievously insulted, and he threw the coin violently to the ground and strode off in high dudgeon. Remarkably few cranial deformations were found, these being all slightly acro cephalic. The following facts were no ticed about the Indians: The leg and back muscles are markedly developed, while their arm muscles show very meager de velopment; their work consists largely of carrying heavy loads upon their backs over mountain trails; the Indians do not become bald, and their hair seldom loses its pigment; their teeth are also remark ably well preserved, except on the sugar plantations, where they suck the sugar cane and eat coarse brown sugar (chan caca). An interesting custom which still pre vails was observed as being practiced about two miles outside of Cuzco, as one goes north toward the Urubamba Valley. At a point in the road where one gets a last look at the city the Indians have a praying place. THE INDIAN PRAYING PLACE ABOVE CUZCO This road is one of the principal high ways in Peru, and hundreds of Indians pass up and down going in and out of Cuzco daily. The view of Cuzco lying below in the green valley is truly a beauti ful one, but it is something more than a sense of beauty that makes the Indians stop, and, with uncovered heads, some kneeling and some standing, offer a prayer as they look toward their Mecca. It is noticeable that those who are on a journey going away from Cuzco pray for a longer time than those who are approaching the city. Possibly they fear the dangers of the roadside more than those of the city streets. Another Indian custom which adds a picturesque touch to the roadsides be tween Cuzco and Machu Picchu is the presence of quaint signs indicating what is for sale in the Indian huts. A small bunch of wheat or barley tied on the end of a pole and stuck out in front of the hut indicates that there is chlicha (a native corn beer) for sale within. A bunch of flowers on the end of a pole also has the same significance. A green wreath means that there is bread for sale, while a piece of white cloth or white paper waving in the breeze indicates that the wayfarer may here purchase aguardiente, a powerful white rum made of cane juice and containing a large percentage of raw alcohol. It is sincerely to be regretted that more Indians could not have been measured, but as this work was entirely in charge of the surgeon of the expedition, Dr. L. T. Nelson, and as his first duty was to attend to the health of the members of the expedition, the anthropological meas urements had to take second place. The exigencies of the work necessitated his spending a large part of his time where there was little opportunity for making anthropological measurements. NO MEASUREMENTS PERMITTED IN ARIEUIPA In Arequipa he found that local senti ment prevented the government from as sisting him. Arequipefios would resent any action compelling an Indian to sub mit to measurements, even though the subject were paid for his time. Further more, as practically the only pure-blooded Indians now in Arequipa are transients who come in for commercial purposes, driving their llama trains loaded with produce, the merchants of Arequipa would resent anything which might in terfere with business. These difficulties made it impossible to secure any meas urements in Arequipa. On the trip to Choqquequirau, where the surgeon's presence was necessary, 562
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Health Care Services
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Clinical assays on humans and animals are carried out in compliance with WHO and ICH (International Conference on Harmonization) GCP (Good Clinical Practice) guideline requirements, and will include:
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- Bioavailability test,
- Innocuity test,
- Data handling,
- Application for regulatory certification of new biomedical products.
Biomedical-Legal Expertise
The Institute offers legal expertise in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, biomedical, food, environmental and industrial scientific and technological issues. This service is based on over 26 years of relevant expertise of BioMedco's legal experts recognized at most of the Courts in the province of Quebec and other canadian provinces.
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Teodor Burtea, MD. The Experimental Medical Center (EMC) of the Institute is conceived as a private prestigious health care institution composed of specialized laboratories and clinics, demonstrating medical expertise in the area of medical diagnostics and treatment. These services are offered via the medical expertise of highly skilled doctors and by biomedical experts working within the Institute and by their colleagues coming from different parts of the world. These experts will be selected and invited on a contractual basis by the EMC. In addition to upholding the highest international standards and protocols, the EMC will expand its medical expertise by favouring the development of experimental and leading-edge diagnostics and treatments. These will be developed by the Institute's scientific experts and health care institutions throughout the world. The EMC will treat ambulatory patients from Montenegro as well as patients with new or poorly known diseases from nearby countries. The Institute will also offer innovative and effective experimental medical treatment for complex diseases. The EMC will be adequately equipped with state of the art technologies necessary to carry out its professional activities. The EMC aims to become the preeminent health care institution and research authority in the region, responding to the most challenging health care needs of modern European societies. The Institution is also dedicated to the post graduate education and specialization of young and promising biomedical experts and medical doctors.
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- Develop and implement the concept of post-marketing surveillance for newly approved drugs in Montenegro to ensure and monitor public safety and pharmacovigilance.
- Optimization of healthcare resources utilization through pharmacoeconomic evaluation, quality of care improvement initiatives and health technology interventions,
- Collaboration with the Ministry of Health for the implementation of the Strategy for the Development of Health Care System by harmonizing evidence based medicine interventions, point-of-care diagnostics, teleHealth and implementation of personalized medicine concept.


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It's been a hot and sweaty August and my energy level is definitely suffering because of it...Lorenzo tripped over our fan the other day and literally ripped out the electrical connection. We tried to take it apart and fix it, but there were like 3 wires that had no obvious entry point and we decided that it was probably a good idea to just buy another one...and I'm glad we did, because now we have a super industrial fan that works better than ever!!!!
As this little guy gets bigger, I feel his every jostle, readjustment and hiccup...it's sweet stuff I'm telling you..and I know I must sound like a broken record, but is it really possible that I am going to get BIGGER in the next 5 weeks??? Awestruck!


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Japanese authorities established a national cybersecurity agency with the headquarters in Tokyo. About 500 specialists will work together to combat cybercrimes.
The center, established after Tokyo-based cryptocurrency exchange Coincheck was hacked in January, will bring together 500 analysts and investigators from various units of the Japanese police and other law enforcement agencies. The center will operate in Tokyo, Kyodo reports.
Last year in Japan, there were more than 3 million attempts to steal digital data. Hackers stole funds worth more than 17 billion Japanese yen (about $160 million), which is twice the figure of 2016. 662 million yen were stolen in cryptocurrencies.
According to the Japanese police, in 2017 there were 149 attacks on cryptocurrency resources. The most frequent ways of stealing cryptocurrencies were insufficiently protected wallets with open and private keys. In general, criminals stole Ripple (453.5 million yen), bitcoin (194.4 million), Ethereum (5.3 million) and NEM (9.2 million). The peak of attacks occurred in June 2017 (41 attacks). Then the indicator fell to 20 attacks a month, and in December rose slightly to 25.
But in January hackers managed to compromise the hot wallet of the cryptocurrency exchange Coincheck, stealing NEM coins worth more than $520 million at that time.
According to the Japan Times, a total of 16 Japanese crypto-exchanges were attacked in 2017, with 80% demonstrating an insufficient level of security.


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Tagged With: Afforded
Massachusetts: Medical Marijuana Patients' Afforded Workplace Protections, High Court Rules
State-registered medical cannabis patients may sue a private employer for discrimination if they are fired for their off-the-job marijuana use, according to a first in the nation ruling issued today by the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court. Opining for the court, Chief Justice Ralph Gants determined that it is "not facially unreasonable" for employers to make … Continue reading
Appeals Court: State-Sanctioned Marijuana Users Not Afforded Second Amendment Rights
Justices for the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals today ruled in favor of a 1968 federal law prohibiting the sale of firearms to any "unlawful user" of a federally controlled substance. Justices determined that state-registered medical marijuana patients are forbidden from purchasing firearms because cannabis remains classified as a Schedule I substance under federal law. … Continue reading


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Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
Rejection Rate
Average time to first decision (days)
Shafei, M., Baniasad, A., Khajavirad, A., Hosseini, M., Aminzadah, S., Ghavi, M. (2015). Effect of hydro-alcoholic extract of Rosa damascena on cardiovascular responses in normotensive rat.
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
, 5(4), 319-324. doi: 10.22038/ajp.2015.4372
Mohammad Naser Shafei; Amir Baniasad; Abolfazl Khajavirad; Mahmoud Hosseini; Saeed Aminzadah; Mahmoud Ghavi. "Effect of hydro-alcoholic extract of Rosa damascena on cardiovascular responses in normotensive rat".
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
, 5, 4, 2015, 319-324. doi: 10.22038/ajp.2015.4372
Shafei, M., Baniasad, A., Khajavirad, A., Hosseini, M., Aminzadah, S., Ghavi, M. (2015). 'Effect of hydro-alcoholic extract of Rosa damascena on cardiovascular responses in normotensive rat',
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
, 5(4), pp. 319-324. doi: 10.22038/ajp.2015.4372
Shafei, M., Baniasad, A., Khajavirad, A., Hosseini, M., Aminzadah, S., Ghavi, M. Effect of hydro-alcoholic extract of Rosa damascena on cardiovascular responses in normotensive rat.
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
, 2015; 5(4): 319-324. doi: 10.22038/ajp.2015.4372
Effect of hydro-alcoholic extract of Rosa damascena on cardiovascular responses in normotensive rat
Article 6
Volume 5, Issue 4
, June 2015
, Page
Document Type: Original Research Article
Mohammad Naser Shafei
Amir Baniasad
Abolfazl Khajavirad
Mahmoud Hosseini
Saeed Aminzadah
Mahmoud Ghavi
Neurogenic Inflammation Research Centre, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran
Neurocognitive Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran
Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Rosa damascena
mill L. (
R. damascena
) is a well-known plant with fragrant effects. Several therapeutic effects of this plant on respiratory, gastrointestinal and nervous systems have been reported. It is also suggested to have beneficial effect on cardiovascular system especially blood pressure regulation. The present study was carried out to evaluate acute cardiovascular effect of hydro-alcoholic extract of
R. damascena
Materials and Methods:
male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups (n= 8 for each group). After anesthesia, a catheter was inserted into the femoral artery and blood pressure and heart rate (HR) were continuously recorded by a power lab system. Animals received three doses of hydro-alcoholic extract (250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg) via peritoneal (i.p). After 30 min, systolic blood pressure (SBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and HR were recorded and maximal changes were compared to control group.
Results: Injection of all doses of the extract did not significantly change HR compare to control group. The SBP, dose dependently, was decreased by all doses of the extract and the maximal response was significant compared to saline group (p
Conclusion: This study provides evidence of a hypotensive effect of hydro-alcoholic extract of R. damascena with no significant effect on HR. Therefore, R. damascena is suggested to have beneficial effect to control blood pressure. However, it needs to be more investigated.
Rosa damascena mill
Blood pressure. Heart rate
Main Subjects
Adeneye A, Ajagbonna O, Mojiminiyi F, Odigie I, Ojobor P, et al. 2006. The hypotensive mechanisms for the aqueous stem bark extract of Musanga cecropioides in Sprague-Dawley rats. J. Ethnopharmacol, 106: 203-207.
AveSina AA. 1990. Law in medicine. (Translated bySharafkhandy A). pp 129–131. Thehran, Ministry of Guidance Publication.
Babu KG, Singh B, Joshi VP, Singh V. 2002. Essential oil composition of Damask rose (Rosa damascena Mill.) distilled under different pressures and temperatures. Flavour Fragr J, 17: 136-140.
Boskabady MH, Kiani S, Rakhshandah H. 2006. Relaxant effects of Rosa damascena on guinea pig tracheal chains and its possible mechanism (s). J. Ethnopharmacol, 106: 377-382.
Boskabady MH, Shafei MN, Saberi Z, Amini, S. 2011. Pharmacological effects of rosa damascena. Iran J Basic Med Sci, 14: 295-307.
Boskabady MH, Vatanprast A, Parsaee H Boskabady M. 2013. Possible mechanism of inotropic and chronotropic effects of Rosa damascena on isolated guinea pig heart. Daru, 21: 21-38.
Boskabady MH, Vatanprast A, Parsee H. Ghasemzadeh M. 2011b. Effect of aqueous-ethanolic extract from Rosa damascena on guinea pig isolated heart.
Iran J Basic Med Sci, 14: 116-121.
Dolati K, Rakhshandeh H, Shafei MN. 2011. Antidepressant-like effect of aqueous extract from Rosa damascena in mice. Avicenna J Phytomed, 1:91-97.
Dolati K, Rakhshandeh H, Shafei MN. 2011. Evaluation of antidepressant effect of ethanolic extract of Rosa damascena using forced swimming test. Avicenna J Phytomed, 2: 46-51.
Dolati K, Rakhshandeh H , Shafei MN. 2013. Effect of aqueous fraction of Rosa damascena on ileum contractile response of guinea pigs. Avicenna J Phytomed, 3: 248-253.
Furchgott RF, Zawadzki JV. 1980. The obligatory role of endothelial cells in the relaxation of arterial smooth muscle by acetylcholine. Nature, 288: 373-376.
Hajhashemi V, Ghannadi A, Hajiloo M. 2010. Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory Effects of Rosa damascena Hydroalcoholic Extract and its Essential Oil in Animal Models. Iran J Pharm Res, 9: 163-168.
Haze S, Sakai K, Gozu Y. 2002. Effects of fragrance inhalation on sympathetic activity in normal adults. Jpn. J. Pharmacol, 90: 247-253.
Hongratanaworakit T. 2009. Relaxing effect of rose oil on humans. Nat Prod Commun, 4: 291-296.
Joukar S, Askarzadeh M, Shahouzehi B, Najafipour H, Fathpour, H. 2013. Assessment of Safety and Therapeutic Efficacy of Rosa damascena L. and Quercus infectoria on Cardiovascular Performance of Normal and Hyperlipidemic Rabbits: Physiologically Based Approach. J Toxicol, 2013: 769143-48.
Kazerani HR, Behnam RassouliM. 2011. The Laxative and Prokinetic Effects of Rosa damascena Mill in Rats. Iran J Basic Med Sci, 14: 9-16.
Kris-Etherton PM, Keen CL. 2002. Evidence that the antioxidant flavonoids in tea and cocoa are beneficial for cardiovascular health. Curr. Opin. Lipidol, 13: 41-49.
Kwon, EK, Lee, DY, Lee H, Kim D-O, Baek N I, Kim YE, Kim HY. 2009. Flavonoids from the buds of Rosa damascena inhibit the activity of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme a reductase and angiotensin I-converting enzyme. J. Agric. Food. Chem, 58: 882-886.
Libster M. 2002. Delmar's integrative herb guide for nurses. PP. 360-370.
Rakhshandah H, Hosseini M. 2006. Potentiation of pentobarbital hypnosis by Rosa damascena in mice. Indian J. Exp. Biol, 44, 910-912.
Rakhshandah H, Hosseini M, Dolati K. 2010. Hypnotic effect of Rosa damascena in mice. Iran J Pharm Res, 181-185.
Rakhshandah H, Shakeri MT , Ghasemzadeh MR. 2010b. Comparative hypnotic effect of Rosa damascena fractions and Diazepam in Mice. Iran J Pharm Res, 6: 193-197.
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Baby welcomed into world on 11-11-11
Madalyn Lugo, 29, and her boyfriend, Frankie Gross, both of Tacoma, welcomed their first child together on a very special day.
Baby Sofia was born in the Family Birth Center at Tacoma General Hospital on Friday, Nov. 11, 2011 at 11 a.m.
Otherwise known 11-11-11 at 11.
That final 11 wouldn't have been recorded if not for one more twist of fate: a postponement of Lugo's caesarean section procedure.
"She was supposed to be born at 10 a.m.," Gross said, "and it was delayed to clean the room the surgery room."
"She wanted that 11," Lugo said of her new daughter.
The News Tribune caught up with the proud parents as they rested in a private post-delivery room. Sofia is their first child together; Lugo, a stay-at-home mom, has a 7-year-old son, and Gross, a foundry worker, has an 8-year-old daughter.
In keeping with the spirit of the day, a reporter posed 11 questions to them.
1. What was your (natural) due date?
LUGO: Nov. 17
2. Were you aware of the significance of 11-11-11 before today?
GROSS: "At first we just thought it would be cool, and as we started telling people, they were like, "Yeah, it's a lucky day."
LUGO: "One of the nurses from the clinic (in March or April) was like, "You should try to get 11-11-11. It would be awesome, good luck. I was like, 'well, that would be pretty cool.' It just got stuck in my head. I was like, 'yeah, I have to have that date. I have to have that date.'"
3. Nine months ago, were you aiming for an 11-11-11 birth date?
(Both laugh) "No."
4. Other than an interview with The News Tribune, what is the coolest thing about having a 11-11-11 baby? Any special gifts?
LUGO: "I haven't got any gifts yet. I think it sounds pretty cool to say that – 11-11-11 at 11."
5. Some people make a wish when they see elevens on a clock. What would be your wish for your daughter's life?
GROSS: "That she's happy and successful in whatever she does."
LUGO: "And healthy. A happy life."
6. Where do you see yourselves when your daughter turns 11?
LUGO: "Happy raising our kids. Living the life."
7. How did your family react when they found out your daughter was born on 11-11-11?
LUGO: "I'm still hearing her, my mom (in Florida) scream. (Laughs) She was excited, very happy They knew it was scheduled for 11-11-11, but they just didn't know the time would be 11."
8. Was there an effort to have the baby born at 11:11?
LUGO: "She (the nurse) ran to the doctor."
GROSS: "The doctor was, 'I'm not waiting.'"
LUGO: "It was cool, though, just to get 11 on the dot."
9. Any discussion about possibly having twins on 11-11-11?
LUGO: "I'm a twin. The thought had crossed my mind."
GROSS: "(On the way to the hospital,) I said 'What if there's a baby hiding behind her?'"
10. What was the baby's weight?
7 lbs., 7 oz.
More lucky numbers.
REGISTERED NURSE EILEEN DOUGHERTY: "I told them they needed to go to Vegas." (She was checking in on the baby.)
11. Any interest in aiming to have your next child on 12-12-12?
LUGO: "I actually thought about it. It would be pretty cool to time the next one to fall on a date like that. It's not going to happen, but that would be pretty cool. That would be pushing it."


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===Editors addition:===
Though this update is fairly late, I have tested it out this morning, it seems the procedure still works.
EU to US TransferEdit
All the EU players should be able to login into the game and play with their EU characters.
This post explains the process to link your Europe account to an existing or newly created Acclaim account. If you do not have an Acclaim Account, you can register for one in the link below:
1) Before you proceed any further, please login with your Acclaim Account in the game, and create at least one character on both PvP (Deiquonril) and PvE (Dorzhan) Server. Ignore this step, if you already have a character on both servers.
2) Click on the link below where you can link both the EU and US/Acclaim account.
Enter your European and Acclaim/US account details as shown in the image above and click on Submit. Make sure you enter the correct details.
Once you click submit, you should see a 'Congratulations' page.
Note: Accounts can be linked only once. After the congratulations page, you will not be able to link your EU and US accounts again.
3) Wait for a minute or two, then launch the game and login with your Acclaim/US account, where you will see an 'Import' button on the character selection screen. By clicking this button, you should be able to import all your EU characters.