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Chapter 12: The Dynamics Of Growth
Study Plan
Consider the following questions as a framework to begin your study of Chapter 12:
- Explain changes in agriculture from 1800 to 1860 and describe their social and economic impact.
- List and describe improvements in transportation and communication from 1800 to 1860.
- Assess the significant advances in technology from 1800 to 1860 and their impact on society.
- Account for the emergence of the factory as a method of production and assess its social impact.
- Explain how the growth of manufacturing affected urbanization and vice versa.
- Appreciate the changes in popular culture during this period.
- Describe the nature of immigration prior to 1860 and the reaction of previously settled Americans to this new immigration.
- Analyze the early development of labor unions and account for their failure to gain widespread acceptance.
- Describe and explain the distribution of wealth in the United States in the era of the common man.
- Explain the rise of the major professions in the decades before the Civil War.
- Read this chapter in your textbook or the eBook.
- Print-out the chapter outline and check items that your instructor covered in class. Then read the text closely to better understand the topic.
- Access the iMaps for this chapter. Use the menus to view only the information you want to see as you study the geography and historical events represented on each map.
After reviewing the map, click the GeoQuiz link!
- Take the Multiple Choice and True / False quizzes. You can mail the results to your instructors Gradebook and keep track of your progress in your student Gradebook.
- Master the key events and terms for this chapter by working through the deck of FlashCards. You can even shuffle cards from earlier chapters if youre trying to study for a test.
- Click the Chrono-Sequencer and match the dates and events.
- Printout the Map Worksheets for this chapter and reconnect the labels offline.
- Generate a Progress Report and fill out the items that you have completed thus far. This report can also be sent to your Gradebook or to your instructor.
Connect - Topics for Research
Access these Digital History materials and select a subject for further study, extra credit, or for a project requirement.
Every item is accompanied by a Media Analysis Worksheet. Worksheets are designed to be filled-out online as you examine the multimedia resources. Email your observations, expressions, and connections to your instructor, or save a copy in your own course portfolio.
Section Menu
Instructors now have an easy way to collect students' online quizzes with the Norton Gradebook without flooding their inboxes with e-mails.
Students can track their online quiz scores by setting up their own Student Gradebook.


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Slovenia, a majestic and mountainous southern European country, is home to the Julian Alps, a large part of which lies in Triglav National Park. Furthermore, Mount Triglav is the highest peak in Slovenia, as well as the symbol of the nation, one you can hike around. In addition to awe-inspiring Alpine mountains, Triglav National Park is overflowing with lakes, rivers, rolling hills and peaceful plains and valleys, making it a Mecca for hiking in Slovenia. Slovenia also houses the Kamnik-Savinja Alps and the Karavanke Alps, the longest mountain range in the country, all of which make for a great Slovenian hike.
Hiking in Slovenia enables you to enter enchanted forests, scale rocky-mountain ridges and lose yourself in pristine nature. If trekking at high Alpine altitudes isn't for you, explore Slovenia's hill country, which consists of lush green forests and expansive meadows. Because 90 per cent of Slovenia is 1,000 feet or more above sea level, it is a hill-hiking paradise. And because Slovenia has an Adriatic coastline, albeit a small one, your Slovenian hike can also include a seaside stroll along the Slovene Riviera. And our Slovenia hiking guide would not be complete without mentioning you can circumambulate the Julian Alps' Lake Bled, one of the most grandiose and photographed lakes in all of Europe.
Wherever you decide to go hiking in Slovenia, you'll have seemingly endless miles of trails to explore. In fact, according to I Feel Slovenia, there are more than 10,000 kilometres (over 6,200 miles) of marked hiking trails in Slovenia, and hikers can choose from approximately 175 mountain huts for overnight treks. And if you're worried about where to go, experienced guides can show you the way, or you can go it alone and see where your feet take you. There are even themed trails for hiking in Slovenia, such as tracking bears, hiking in ancient forests and hiking from green forests to the sea, to name but a few. During inclement weather, you can also stay warm and dry hiking through extensive cave systems.
Lake Bled
There are many hikes at breathtaking Lake Bled, the easiest being to simply walk around the lake.
The 6-kilometre trek will take about an hour unless you stop to gaze upon the fairy-tale looking, cliff-hanging Bled Castle, become hypnotized by mystical Bled Island in the middle of the lake and its sacred Church of Mary the Queen, aka Our Lady of the Lake, or pause to listen to the symphony of nature surrounding you, all of which is a feast for the senses.
For a more challenging hike, but no less rewarding, tackle Ojstrica Bled or Osojnica Bled. The trailheads for these hikes are located on the west side of the lake and lead to lookout points that offer commanding views of Lake Bled and the surrounding Julian Alps.
Julian Alps
If visiting Lake Bled, don't miss out on hiking in the surrounding, the spectacular Julian Alps, which stretch from northeastern Italy to northwestern Slovenia, and Triglav National Park. July, August and September are considered the best months to hike in the Julian Alps, in order to avoid potential snowfall. Are you interested in long-distance hiking? You're in luck, as the marked 300-kilometre (186-mile) Julian Alps Hiking Trail is open. This much-anticipated trail begins and ends in the town of Rateče, located near the border with Italy.
The trail winds through the Julian Alps and many villages that lie within, as well as along rivers, lakes, waterfalls, gorges and through Arden-like forests. In addition to the villages, there are many huts along the way where hikers can spend the night.
If a 300-kilometre hike is too time-consuming, you can opt for a plethora of other short-distance treks, such as the 5-kilometre (3-mile) Slemenova Špica trail, which starts at Slovenia's highest mountain road at Vršič Pass; and the 2.5-kilometre (1.5-mile) Path of the Pagan Girl Hike, which is also located in the Vršič Pass area.
The Pagan Girl was cursed by her sisters and turned to stone, and hikers on her trail can see her stone face and witness her fate.
One of the most popular hikes in the Julian Alps is the Debela Peč trail, which leads to one of the most picturesque peaks in the range, Mount Debela Peč. And no hiker in Slovenia can miss the Valley of the Seven Lakes. This 25-kilometre (15.5-mile) hike, which begins at the car park for Savica Waterfalls, takes all day, but is well worth it, as you will be one with the crystal-clear lakes as well as Alpine valleys, craggy peaks and green forests.
Karavanke Alps
When it comes to Alpine peaks, the Julian Alps aren't the only game in town. The Karavanke Alps, one of the longest ranges in Europe and the longest in Slovenia, are just as scenic, and its hiking trails less taxing.
The highest peak in the Karavanke Alps is Mount Stol, at over 2,230 meters (7,300 feet), of which numerous trails lead to its peak. Fortunately for hikers who take on Mount Stol, the Valvasor mountain hut offers rest and warmth year-round. These picturesque mountains are ideal for brief escapes into the peaks as well as long-distance treks.
In addition to a plethora of trails leading to majestic mountaintops, you'll also find magnificent mountain pastures, jaw-dropping valleys, gorgeous gorges and wonderful waterfalls in the Karavanke Alps. If your path leads to Mount Golica, you will also find yourself swimming in a sea of daffodils.
Kamnik-Savinja Alps
A third and great option for Alpine hiking in Slovenia is the Kamnik-Savinja Alps, another Slovenian mountain Mecca. Located south of the Karavanke range, the Kamnik-Savinja Alps also boast a glacier, the Skuta Glacier, which is the easternmost glacier in the Alps.
This range is well-known for its biodiversity, crystal-clear rivers and streams, peaceful mountain pastures, serene forests, glacier-carved valleys and an extensive network of marked hiking trails that are well-maintained.
There are also a number of Alpine huts in this range that cater to hikers. There is an abundance of popular hikes in the Kamnik-Savinja Alps, particularly the Fairytale Forest with Sensory Trail, which winds its way through the stunning Logar Valley; the Logar Valley Trail itself, which features many waterfalls, including Rinka Falls, one of the tallest free-falling waterfalls in Slovenia; caves and seven natural monuments; and the Solcava Panoramic Road, widely considered the trail with the most amazing views in this exalted range of mountains.
Slovene Riviera
If you prefer the sea over the mountains, Slovenia, located on the Istrian Peninsula, has an Adriatic coastline, frequently referred to as the Slovene Riviera and part of the Gulf of Trieste. Furthermore, because it's only about 46 kilometres long, approximately 28.5 miles, you can hike the entire length of the country's coastline, otherwise known as "Croatia without the crowds," and cool off along the way the aquamarine waters of the Adriatic.
This stunning stretch of coast in Slovenia, although diminutive, rivals any found in neighbouring Croatia and Italy. In fact, some of the most striking trails in Slovenia skirt its coast, and if you bring your passport you can hike right into Croatia if going south, or Italy, if going north.
One of the most trekked trails on the Slovene Riviera is a 3.5-kilometre (2-mile) adventure from the seaside resort Portorož to Piran, which is renowned for its Venetian architecture.
Whether you take a short hike from resort town to resort town or hike the entire length of the Slovene Riviera, you are in for some of the most amazing scenery Slovenia has to offer. The Istrian Peninsula is also intersected with hiking trails, many of which pass through some of Slovenia's most quaint and beautiful villages.
The Karst: From Sky to Cave to Sea
If you want to mix mountains with the sea, you can by hiking from the Karst to the Adriatic, which is mostly downhill. The Karst region is characterized by high, steep plateaus, cliffs, deep valleys, pine forests and caves.
In fact, the Karst is famous for caves, including world-renowned Vilenica Cave, the oldest show cave in Europe, and Škocjan Caves, which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, some of which you can hike through. Hiking around the Karst is so traditional that a number of famous international hiking trails meet here, including the Way of St. James, Via Alpina and the Alpe Adria Trail, all of which lead to the sea.
Some of the Karst's most revered hikes include the 3-kilometre (1.8-mile) Djestence Forest Educational Trail, which starts at the village of Senožeče and winds its way through the forest, where you can not only hike but learn about the forest's flora and fauna; the Friendship Trail, which runs through the Glinščica Valley area along an ancient salt-trading route that was used for centuries; and the otherworldly Škocjan Caves, where you can combine spelunking with hiking and view mind-blowing cave formations, underground lakes and waterfalls.
The cave system is so wondrous that it has been recognized as one of the natural treasures of planet Earth.
Hill Hiking
If you prefer to hike somewhere between the mountains and the sea, then head for the hills. Fortunately, Slovenia has a cornucopia of trails that traverse its many hills.
Do you love waterfalls, small lakes and lush forest? Then hiking at the Pohorje Hills, which has a vast network of trails, is for you. These hills house one of Slovenia's most beautiful lakes, Črno Jezero.
Here you will also find the Ribnica peat bogs, forests full of fir trees, as well as beech and spruce, and the first international Vinotour Nordic walk trail, which leads through the vineyards of Slovene wine producers.
Another popular place for hill hiking in Slovenia is in the Idrija-Cerkno Hills, which is also the site of the Divje Babe Archaeological Park, one of the most important archaeological sites of the Early Stone Age on Earth. These hills are also home to valleys, narrow ravines, plateaus and marked hiking trails for Nordic walking.
You can also do like many Slovene artists and immerse yourself in the Skofja Loka Hills, which have inspired countless works of art due to their sheer beauty. These inspirational hills, which lie close to the Julian Alps, have a plethora of well-maintained, marked paths, many of which lead to peaks with immense vistas. The area also has steep slopes, deep valleys and ravines. The Skofja Loka Hills has hiking trails for all ages and skill levels, as well as huts and lodges for overnight hikes.
Paths Through Pastures — Velika Planina
Mountain pastures are plentiful in mountainous Slovenia, and perhaps the most beautiful of all is Velika Planina or Big Pasture Plateau.
Located in the Kamnik-Savinja Alps, Velika Planina is home to many herdsmen huts and settlements, which allows hikers to learn about old-world local customs and culture. In fact, Velika Planina is home to one of Europe's last high-mountain herdsmen's villages.
The area is also renowned for its spectacular natural beauty and chain of criss-crossing hiking trails.
Hiking While Tracking Bears
Do you love wildlife? If so, no Slovenia hike is complete without tracking bears with a guide.
The Kočevje region, of which approximately 90 per cent is woodlands, making it one of the most wooded areas in Europe, is believed to be home to the largest brown bear population in Slovenia, and, according to Lonely Planet, is one of the top 12 destinations in the country.
By taking the Roška Pešpot Hiking Trail, which is marked with a bear's paw, you can hike through the solitude of the Rog forest and spot a brown bear, a memory that will last you a lifetime.

subset: commoncrawl


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Photo Credit - Amazon |
Kunal and Esha are working together as rebels on a rescue mission to
take back what's theirs. They attend the upcoming Sun Mela to infiltrate
Vardaan's court. Kunal pretends to be a dedicated soldier to protect
the king. Esha becomes an adviser to Prince Harun and uses her cover to
seek allies for their cause. Together Esha and Kunal will try to rescue
the lost princess Reha. However, as the Sun Mela begins, secrets and a
dangerous force are waiting for them. It causes them to doubt their
loyalties to each other and their cause. Will Esha and Kunal be able to
succeed in their mission?
I enjoyed
reading the second novel as we get a more in-depth view of each
character. We see Kunal struggle between his loyalties to the rebels,
his solider friends, and to the family, he
never knew he had. We see Esha as a complicated woman who wants to
avenge her family but, she is sacrificing herself to her old promise. In
this book, Kunal and Esha's romantic relationship isn't on display as
much as the first book. This book mostly focused on the other characters
which I enjoyed. I felt like this book did move a bit slow because I
couldn't wait to see what happens but, the ending made it worth it. I
can't wait to read the final book!
**Disclosure - I received a free copy of this book in exchange for an honest opinion. This post may contain affiliate links which means I earn advertising and/or referral fees if you purchase an item through my link. Please note, there will be no extra charges to you. Thank you for your support.**
Hardcover: 464 pages
Publisher: Katherine Tegen Books (May 26, 2020)
Language: English
Praise for THE TIGER AT MIDNIGHT
"Thrilling, entertaining, and beautifully written, this is one adventure YA fans won't want to miss." —Buzzfeed
"[A] vibrantly imagined South Indian–inspired trilogy opener...Teerdhala adds plenty of surprises to her finely limned characters to produce a lush fantasy." —Publishers Weekly
"Teerdhala's debut, immersed in Indian fantasy, features two compelling protagonists who must question their loyalties and decide what they're willing to sacrifice for the chance at a new future. Fast-paced action and a budding romance between emotionally layered characters make this a promising start to a gripping new series." —ALA Booklist
"[A] lush blend of folklore, fantasy, and romance." —Kirkus Reviews
"Set in a fantastical South Asia, this combination of romance, action, and magic will appeal to fans of Sabaa Tahir and Renée Ahdieh. A strong choice for YA fantasy shelves." —School Library Journal
"Cat-and-mouse maneuvering between assassin Esha and reluctant soldier Kunal will hold you in tantalizing suspense in this searing debut exploring love, loss, and destiny. The Tiger at Midnight is as alluring and fearless as its characters." —Stacey Lee, award-winning author of Outrun the Moon
"A deliciously twisty cat-and-mouse story that had me racing through the pages. I love stories that challenge their protagonists' beliefs, and both Esha and Kunal face complex, heart-breaking decisions in their journey to discover both themselves and each other." —Natasha Ngan, New York Times bestselling author of Girls of Paper and Fire
"Follow Esha and Kunal on a dangerous journey through lush jungles and bustling cities, where the stakes are life and death, and victory comes at a terrible price. Teerdhala has written a masterful debut full of breathless twists and turns and a romance to ignite the senses." —Axie Oh, author of Rebel Seoul
A stolen throne. A lost princess. A rescue mission to take back what's theirs.
For Kunal and Esha, finally working together as rebels, the upcoming Sun Mela provides the perfect guise for infiltrating King Vardaan's vicious court. Kunal returns to his role as dedicated soldier, while Esha uses her new role as adviser to Prince Harun to seek allies for their rebel cause. A radical plan is underfoot to rescue Jansa's long-lost Princess Reha—the key to the throne.
But amidst the Mela games and glittering festivities, much more dangerous forces lie in wait. With the rebel's entry into Vardaan's court, a match has been lit, and long-held secrets will force Kunal and Esha to reconsider their loyalties—to their countries and to each other.
Getting into the palace was the easy task; coming out together will be a battle for their lives. In book two of Swati Teerdhala's epic fantasy trilogy, a kingdom will fall, a new ruler will rise, and all will burn.
Photo Content from Swati Teerdhala
After graduating from the University of Virginia with a BS in finance and BA in history, she tumbled into the marketing side of the technology industry. She's passionate about many things, including how the right ratio of curd-to-crust in a lemon tart. She currently lives in New York City.
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3 Plumbing Scams Everyone Should Be Aware Of
There are a lot of scammers out there, and you need to be wary about them. Your home is your safe space, and you can't just let anybody in there. This is why you need to do a thorough background check on any plumber before hiring them. Doing your due diligence will help you weed out potential scammers and save you a lot of trouble later down the line.
A shady plumber can ruin your day and waste a lot of money, and this isn't something we would wish on our worst enemies (except if you are Jake Gyllenhaal). So, without further ado, let's dive further into this blog and learn about some of the most popular plumbing scams out there and how to avoid them.
1. The old switcheroo
The good old bait and switch is a scam that is popular everywhere and not just in the plumbing world. This scam involves a plumber convincing you that you are getting the best deal or product when in reality, you are getting inferior, if not a low-cost, product that will break down in the near future.
They do so to profit the pocket while giving you a less than subpar product; they are just excellent orators who know how to sell a dream. Another tactic that a lot of people are using these days is that they are using high-end products, but they are hitching the price higher to get a better margin. The latter will leave you dry, but at least you are getting good quality products.
2. Rates change according to where you live
If you live in a nice neighborhood or have a nice car in your driveway, most scammers will definitely hitch up their prices according to your living situation. These are signs that you are well off, and these scammers will take advantage of that. If you have expensive art and memorabilia hanging around or even live in the affluent part of town, then just know that scammers will try to milk you out.
Their hourly rates can go up from 50% to 100% in a matter of minutes just when they look at your living situation. And you will be none the wiser, especially if you didn't request a quote prior to their visit. They can also take advantage of you because you appear helpless, and this is why it is a popular scam because most of us know next to nothing about plumbing.
3. Upfront payment
Any respectable plumber out there won't have any issues showing you their credentials. They should also have no problems showing you their business card or plumber license number if you ask or need it. If they are reluctant to show you this, then this might be a red flag as it shows that they don't have the crucial information that you need.
You need to be aware of two big red flags: cash-only jobs or under-the-table payments, as this includes no written receipts. This is an indication that the plumber isn't paying taxes on these jobs or has no insurance. If your plumber is asking for 25 or 50% of the payment upfront, you should also be wary as this is one of the most common scams listed on the Better Business Bureau (BBB) website.
Most states also prohibit plumbers from taking more than 10% upfront, and we believe that it is a good law that these states have implemented. Because if you pay them a large amount of money upfront, they might not come through with the job and just take the money without actually doing the job, and this is something that has happened to more people than you would actually believe.
Final thoughts
To avoid being scammed, you can just ask your plumber what they can do to solve your current issue; it is as simple as that. If they give an ambiguous answer, that's already a red flag right there, but if they sound knowledgeable, then that is the mark of someone who knows what they are talking about.
Your plumber should have no qualms about answering your questions as your need someone to fix your plumbing, not create more. Sound off in the comments section below and tell us what you want to read next and if you want to read more about plumbing scams.


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Pastel Rainbow Unicorn Headband
Pastel Rainbow Unicorn Headband
Introducing the Pastel Rainbow Unicorn Headband
Step into a world of pure enchantment with our Pastel Rainbow Unicorn Headband – a magical masterpiece that seamlessly combines whimsy, glitter, and floral elegance. This headband is not just an accessory; it's a statement of your individuality and love for all things enchanting.
Key Features:
Pastel Rainbow Unicorn Horn: The focal point of this headband is the pastel rainbow unicorn horn that shimmers with a kaleidoscope of colors. It's a celebration of magic and mystique.
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Flowers: Surrounding the base of the unicorn horn are vibrant flowers that evoke a sense of whimsy.
Comfort and Durability:
Crafted with comfort in mind, the flexible headband ensures a secure and snug fit. The lightweight design allows you to wear it for extended periods without any discomfort. The quality materials used in its construction guarantee durability, so you can showcase your magical style for a long time to come.
Versatile Styling:
Perfect for various occasions, the Pastel Rainbow Unicorn Headband effortlessly transitions from casual wear to special events. Whether you're attending a unicorn-themed party, a festival, or simply want to add a dash of magic to your everyday look, this headband is the ultimate accessory.
Indulge in the magic of this pastel rainbow unicorn headband. With its unique combination of confetti, glitter, and flowers, it's a must-have for anyone who believes in the power of imagination and fantasy.
Don't miss your chance to own this whimsical masterpiece. Add the Pastel Rainbow Unicorn Headband to your collection and let the magic unfold!
Shipping and Returns
Shipping and Returns
All items are shipped within 1-3 business days. Please review our return policy for returns


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Have you read our Saturday serial, "Flash Ahhhh!" yet? It's amazingly good. At times. Maybe fewer times than it should be. I like it though. It's fun to write. Nathan and I swap turns writing it, and we really have no idea where it's going.
I'm less concerned with explaining what it's about and more concerned with explaining two things about it. The first is a little history of how it came about. The second is how it differs from the normal writing that I do, and that Nathan does.
Scripts the Early Years – My earliest memories of scripts were these odd pamphlets that we got at school that took a segment of a popular TV show, and transcribed it into a one act play. Our teacher would assign us characters in the play, and if we had a part, we would read it when we got to our part. We would read it while sitting at our desks, so it wasn't like we were acting, but I became somewhat familiar with the script format.
Speech Class – When I lived in Azle, Texas, I ended up in a speech class right at the end of the year. We were given an assignment to do a fake radio program. But it ended up being a fake TV program, because our teacher taped it and put it on public access. The unfortunate bit here is that the show ran either at the wrong time or not at all that summer, and by the time I talked to the teacher the next year to get a copy, she said the tape was taped over. The point here is that this was the first real time I wrote a script. It's also the first time I appeared on public access, provided it ever showed. It was me and a kid named James who did most of the work on the writing. I've actually written about this in detail, and it's a great story. Maybe one day I'll share it. But not now.
Azle, Texas – The next step down this ladder is when my friend Adam, as a teenager, wrote an odd, but very funny, parody in script form of my teenage life called "Azle, Texas." I have a tape somewhere of teenage Adam and teenage me acting it out. It was 20+ pages, and it uses real names, so the recording can't really be publicly released. A year or so later, he wrote a much, much longer sequel called "Azle, Texas II." It was also very funny, and very odd. I only have a printed out script of it. I think he has a copy still. I started writing "Azle, Texas III" but only got about 20 pages done of it. I can't remember if it was because I wanted to write it, or if Adam wanted a break from it.
Sniffles (sniff) – Miguel and I did a public access show for a while there. A lot of the first segments we did were not scripted, including much of the twenty minute chase scene we did. It's not that we went long without scripts, or we ever stopped improvisational shooting, but it's just worth noting. At some point, we tried to streamline our production process, and I became the primary script writer, whether the idea was mine or not.
Denton, Texas – This is where the "Azle, Texas" most closely parallels with "Flash Ahhhh!" Miguel was mildly amused by the whole idea of "Azle, Texas" and we thought to do a parody of Miguel's college life. Miguel wrote the first few pages, along with details about some of his classmates and sights, sites, and situations that we might touch on in the parody. He handed me the script a week later, and I wrote the next few pages. We would get together about once a week or two weeks to read our part to the other, and hand it off. We really thought we were funny, by the way. I don't remember why we scheduled a completion time, other than to just complete it. The thing about it is that we planned to do a sequel anyway. He handed the script off to me to finish, and I made the mistake of mapping out the last so many segments. (I'll discuss the problem with planning later.) Then I set about to finish it in a couple of weeks while Miguel started the new story. Every time I turned around I got distracted. The biggest problem was that it wasn't always life or other projects that were the distractions. In trying to get through the mapped out ending, the story became complicated, and I kept thinking of tangents. At one point I made the tangents a plot point where minority groups started demanding their own tangent. Sheesh! My last segment of the story ended up being longer than what Miguel and I had written before, and it took me a year to complete. Miguel, understandably, wasn't too interested in any of it by then. When I transcribed the whole mess into Word files, I wrote a review of it, which basically stated that both halves were funny, but the section I wrote on my own didn't have the same charm as what we wrote together because one of the fun parts of writing a script serialized is taking what the last person wrote, trying to figure out where to go next, and trying to figure out what kind of mess you can leave the story, and the characters, in for your co-writer to fix.
According To Whim – While it started out as a podcast that Miguel and I did, we soon started doing them with Nathan, who shot a couple of "Sniffles (sniff)" segments with us. Nathan had bought up AccordingToWhim.com, because he likes buying domain names, and because he wanted to organize the audio shows. When Nathan and I decided to do a public access show, it didn't seem to make sense to use "Sniffiles (sniff)" since Miguel didn't seem interested in working with us, so we used the title "According To Whim."
Flash Ahhhh! – Nathan actually came up with this idea, even though I've been the cheerleader for completing the project. If you go back and read the first three episodes, you see an approximation of what we wrote back in 2005 and/or 2006. He wrote that first part and asked me to figure out what to do with it. I wrote the next segment, and passed it back to him. I told him how "Denton, Texas" had worked, and I suggested that we do a complete 30 minute show using the "you write part, I write part" method. We even started shooting it. Then he stopped adding to the script. Then I stopped adding to the script. We were planning to write a blog post for every day this year. We were trying to work out how to split the blog posting. It occurred to me that rather than each of us doing seven posts every two weeks that if we did three each, each week, and did a joint blog each week that it would be easier to keep track of. Having done a couple of scripts on the blog before, I suggested that we do "Flash Ahhhh!" as a weekly serial for the year. Nathan agreed. I edited the original writings to have better narrative flow (the way we were writing originally was meant more as a map of dialogue for shooting the sketch) and we started writing the new episodes.
In Part Two, I'll discuss what I like about writing the serial.


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We're called to be a witness for Christ wherever we go. We can't always choose when the Holy Spirit prompts us to share our faith – even if it's in a bathroom at a department store.
Greg Laurie, pastor and host of A New Beginning, knows this well. In his book , he urges Christians to be open and available when God opens a door to share the gospel. One afternoon Greg was shopping at a store and needed to find a restroom.
"I went to the restroom… In the stall next to me, I hear a guy clear his throat… I hear him actually say, 'Hi.'"
Greg was uncomfortable.
"'Why is he talking to me?' I said in the most dismissive way I could, 'Hi.'"
It got stranger. The man said softly,
"Are you supposed to meet me here?"
Greg, now curious, said no.
"Oh, I thought that you had something for me."
Greg hesitated. Then a thought came to him – I should share the gospel with him.
Greg ventured a question, "What is it you're looking for?"
"Well, I was going to buy some drugs."
Greg took a step of faith.
"I have something better for you than drugs…a personal relationship with Jesus Christ."
Upon Greg's invitation, the man responded that he'd already tried that. Greg asked him what church he went to, and the man's response floored him.
"Harvest Christian Fellowship."
That was the church Greg was the pastor of week after week. When he revealed that to the man in the stall, the man was embarrassed and shocked. Greg told him,
"Buddy, God must really love you to send your pastor to you when you're trying to make a drug buy. You need to get right with God!"
At that point Greg invited the man to meet him outside the restroom, and they prayed, right there in the department store, for the man to recommit his life to Christ.
It's a funny story, and a powerful example of what happens when we're open to God's leading. If we can train ourselves to hear God's voice and step out in faith, He'll prompt us anywhere – even in a bathroom. God's salvation reaches into the everyday places of life, whether it's a movie theater, a bathroom, or the bus stop you use every day.
"You never think of a thing like that…You're going to be a witness whenever the Spirit prompts you to be one, so be available."
Key Scriptures: Jeremiah 29:11
Featured Songs: Not For a Moment by Meredith Andrews; Move – Keep Walkin' by Toby Mac; Take Another Step by Steven Curtis Chapman


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- How To Make Keto Popcorn - March 25, 2022
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When we think of spicy popcorn, our minds drift to popcorn that has been lightly or moderately topped with spices. And while this is the general rule behind how spicy popcorn is made, it isn't as simple as that.
This may be getting too philosophical, but the way in which we enjoy it, is equal to, or in fact more significant than the actual ingredients used to make it.
It's the same principle as enjoying chocolate popcorn, the flavoring is what made you enjoy it, but you yourself associated that taste with a certain fondness and that is why you enjoyed it. A flavor is a flavor, you make the flavor mean something else.
By eating a specific food that you like, you're brought back to the first time you tried it, and this is a simple rendition of why you enjoy it today.
Our taste buds associate flavorings with memories and the moment these memories are triggered, we are left overjoyed. The human mind is very good at remembering things through physical forms, maybe there is more to flavor and spices than we think there is.
There was a time when spices were used for the very first time, and since then they have been carried through our associations since day one, believe it or not, the way in which you react to spice has more to do with your ancestry and history than to do with your personal tastes developed through childhood.
What is it about spicy popcorn that we like? Yes, the spices are half the reason, but where does the other half come from?
And more importantly, how do we make spicy popcorn altogether?
We're going to answer these questions below, so you can get your hands on your favorite spicy popcorn yourself from home.
How is Popcorn Made?
It's actually a rather simple process when it comes down to it. There's a reason it is considered by far the healthiest form of snack available, its contents are simple.
Each piece of popcorn is made from a single kernel. Each kernel is made up of a strong rock-hard hull, which contains the seed's hard starchy shell, each has around 14 to 20% moisture inside.
This is where physics comes into play. When the kernels are heated, each kernel's moisture turns to steam, as you'd expect. Pressure from this steam builds up until the hull erupts, allowing the kernel to forcefully expand. This increases up to 20 to 50 times its natural form, creating your favorite popcorn pieces.
The reason you find some kernels still intact or some half intact, as when you popped them in the microwave or on the stove, is because a few of the kernels fail to go through this process. If a kernels hull doesn't form the pressure for long enough, it does the opposite and deflates, serving as an unsuccessful kernel.
What is Spicy Popcorn?
To put it simply, spicy popcorn is popcorn that has been modified with spices and other flavorings to either resemble spicy popcorn or be spicy popcorn. It is up to you whether you'd rather have something that is the real thing or is similar to it.
Some people would prefer something that is simulated to be spicy because they do not like the aftertaste or effect that spicy food has. Others cannot accept anything that is not the real thing. The more spice, the better!
Spicy popcorn is popcorn that has been enhanced with spices and powders containing spicy flavorings, such as cumin, chili, and pepper. You can either flavor your popcorn before the popping stage or after. Usually, popcorn makers will pour the spice over the popcorn after it has been popped to maintain the flavors.
Spice or No Spice? That is The Question?
Should spice belong on popcorn morally? Well, popcorn has been made to be sweet, and savory for a long time. We believe the first renditions of popcorn recipes were salted, therefore savory.
But they developed into being a sweet snack some time afterward, and we have this to thank for our favorite sweet and salted snacks today!
How Exactly Do You Make Popcorn Spicy?
Well, if you want it put simply, you need to pour the spices over your freshly made popcorn with some butter, and you're done!
But, spicy popcorn is so much more than that, and we've got the methods and instructions right here for you to make it better than ever! There is actually a variety of different spicy popcorn out there that are not just the stereotypical chili spices.
Subtle spicy popcorn can be enjoyed through flavorings like chili chocolate popcorn, caramel, pepper, and chili popcorn, Thai sweet chili popcorn, black onion popcorn, and madras curry. If something has a kick to it, it's worth putting into popcorn!
In terms of ingredients, you'll want ½ teaspoons, ¼ teaspoons, and whole teaspoons of most flavorings depending on how much you like your spice! ½ teaspoons may be used for things like paprika, and garlic powder. Whereas, you may want ¾ teaspoon servings for cumin and salt.
You can also substitute things easily, so the butter can be substituted out for margarine or whipped butter plus salt.
Cumin can be substituted out for chili powder. Garlic powder can be substituted out for garlic juice, garlic paste, and garlic salt. And chili powder can be substituted for ground red pepper or a dash of bottled hot pepper sauce plus oregano and cumin.
You'll want to place your popcorn in a bowl when it's fully popped from the microwave or stove, and add your spice bowl to it. Then you're done!
Chili Chocolate Popcorn
Much chocolate-flavored popcorn works well with the addition of chili flavorings. Belgium chocolate is often wonderful with chili, and we have one particular brand that seems to just do it right!
Joe & Seph's seem to be experimental when it comes to their popcorn, and we'll link their website below for you to discover all the spicy popcorn kinds there are to enjoy!
Cheddar Cheese & Chili
Cheese and chili is a combination that has paired together well for a long time, the flavorings in cheese and other dairy products neutralize spice mildly, and especially for the people out there who don't enjoy spice, this may be a way to find enjoyment out of it. They're your taste buds, after all.
Thai Sweet Chili Popcorn
Another delightful type of popcorn for you to try, the spices are more subtle and have those sweet flavorings that we all love to mellow down the flavor. Sweet and savory always go well together, and this is why Thai sweet chili is a great addition to popcorn.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is in spicy popcorn?
Typically, spicy popcorn contains cumin, paprika, salt, garlic powder, cayenne pepper, and other spices. It's actually up to you though how much spice you want in your popcorn, if you don't like one of these spices, feel free to remove it and substitute something else in.
How do you make popcorn with Tabasco sauce?
This is fairly simple, you want to make your popcorn up the same way you usually would, and set it aside for later. Combine your butter and Tabasco sauce in a pan to melt together, keeping an eye on the temperature at all times. Mix in salt, pepper, paprika, and any other spices you like, and pour this over your popcorn!
Final Thoughts
Overall, spiced popcorn is fantastic no matter what level of spice you add to it is. It's all dependent on if you're a spicy lover or not. Spices aren't for everyone, and we don't expect them to be, however, enjoying them through popcorn can be a way to introduce theme into your life in a way that doesn't have you reaching for a glass of ice-cold milk to relieve the pain.
We hope we've managed to answer your question in this article, as spicy popcorn is as simple to make as any other popcorn out there, it's all in how you combine your spices together!


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THE Best Wedding Planning Tips
According to The Knot the average wedding costs 20,000-40,000 dollars.
A Wedding Bee survey found that the majority of weddings take 6 months to a year to plan.
All of this is for…one day.
One day.
Now, there's value in this. Marriage should be made a "big deal." We honor it that way.
Still, in the midst of spending all that money and time planning a wedding for one day, I'd like to suggest something countercultural:
Plan for the following 60 years.
60 years.
Don't just plan a wedding. Plan a marriage.
- Read marriage books.
- Take personality tests.
- Get premarital counseling.
- Our premarital counseling was required and it was okay, but we decided to do something else. We asked an older couple that we really respected if we could just get together several times to pick their brains about what they had learned about marriage.
- Make a list of married couples that have a marriage you would like to have. Try to figure out what you like about them.
- Listen to marriage podcasts
- Deal with your "stuff." Do you have some issues to face? We all do. Maybe now's the time to get some help, read a book, open up, share it with your fiancee or a friend, get some counseling, do some journaling. This is one of the greatest gifts you can give your spouse-to-be.
- Pray about your marriage. Maybe you haven't prayed in a long time. You're betting a lot on the next 60 years. I've come to believe that God is very interested in helping you succeed here.
- Laugh and have fun together. Sometimes you've got to ditch that wedding plan list and go get ice cream and snuggle on a park bench!
So plan that big day, but 60 years from now consider this: you'll want to look back and not just see a great wedding, but a legacy that simply started on a beautiful day.


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AAA Announces 2020 "Four Diamond" Awards
Michigan's Top Hotels and Restaurants Earn Coveted Award
DEARBORN, Mich., (February 19, 2020) — AAA of Michigan officially announced its 2020 award-winning hotels and restaurants that have earned the coveted Four Diamond Designation during the past 12 months. Awards were presented today at the JW Marriott in Grand Rapids during the AAA Four Diamond Awards luncheon at the Pure Michigan's Governors Conference on Tourism.
Taking part in the presentation were Randy Williams, Vice President of Michigan Insurance Reform, AAA-The Auto Club Group and Jeff Henle, Field Vice President, Michigan Operations, AAA-The Auto Club Group, along with guest MCs from News/Talk 760 WJR, Radio Show Host Guy Gordon and Ann Thomas, Executive Producer and Radio Show Host.
In January, AAA unveiled a contemporized version of its highly acclaimed AAA Diamond Program, modernized to meet the needs of today's travelers. A new Diamond designation reflecting AAA's professional inspector reviews using updated guidelines sets the program apart from services that rely on unverified hotel and restaurant ratings.
This year's AAA Four Diamond awards include 19 hotels and four restaurants in Michigan, including two new hotels and one new restaurant. They are:
Firekeepers Casino Hotel (2015)
The Townsend Hotel (1988)
The Henry, Autograph Collection (1989)
Greektown Casino-Hotel (2016)
MGM Grand Detroit (2008)
MotorCity Casino Hotel (2009)
Shinola Hotel (2019)*
The Westin Book Cadillac Detroit (2010)
Amway Grand Plaza, Curio Collection by Hilton (1995)
JW Marriott Grand Rapids (2007)
Radisson Plaza Hotel & Suites (2012)
Grand Hotel (1994)
The H Hotel, A Dolce Hotel (2013)
Four Winds Casino Hotel (2017)
The Inn at St. John's (2011)
Royal Park Hotel (2006)
The Westin Detroit Metropolitan Airport (2003)
The Inn at Harbor Shores (2019)*
Hotel Walloon (2016)
Rugby Grille (2001)
BESA Detroit (2019)*
Iridescence Restaurant (2001)
Café Cortina (2003)
The year next to the property name indicates the first year it received a current, consecutively maintained Diamond designation.
*Indicates establishments new to the list in 2019.
A Four Diamond hotel is refined and stylish, providing upscale physical attributes, extensive amenities and a high degree of hospitality, service and attention to detail. A Four Diamond restaurant provides distinctive fine-dining, creatively prepared and skillfully served, often with a wine steward, amid upscale ambience.
"Diamond designations are an invaluable resource to travelers," said Adrienne Woodland, spokesperson, AAA – The Auto Club Group. "Since annual inspections are unannounced, our inspectors get the truest representation of the traveler experience at each property. Our unbiased review helps travelers choose a hotel or restaurant that fits their needs for any occasion."
For more than 80 years, AAA has conducted professional, in-person property inspections and published the results for member travelers:
- Hotels and restaurants must meet AAA's high standards of cleanliness, comfort and hospitality to be part of the esteemed AAA Diamond Program, then they are assigned a designation of either Approved, Three Diamond, Four Diamond or Five Diamond.
- AAA's inspectors evaluate some 60,000 properties in the United States, Canada, Mexico and the Caribbean, including nearly 27,000 hotels and more than 30,000 restaurants.
- 2,401 establishments (1,718 hotels and 683 restaurants) received the Four Diamond Designation.
About the AAA Diamond Program
For more than 80 years, AAA's professional inspectors have conducted in-person property evaluations. AAA is the only entity using comprehensive, on-site professional hotel and restaurant evaluations guided by member priorities. AAA's inventory includes some 60,000 Diamond hotels and restaurants across the United States, Canada, Mexico and the Caribbean. Travelers can find AAA Diamond hotels and restaurants and inspector insight in AAA's trip planning products: AAA Mobile app, AAA Travel Guides, TripTik Travel Planner and the AAA TourBook guides available to members at AAA offices. For more information, visit AAA.com/Diamonds.
AAA in Michigan celebrated its 100th Anniversary - A Century of Service in 2016 and has over 1.4 million members across the state. It is part of The Auto Club Group (ACG). Connect with us on Facebook and LinkedIn.
The Auto Club Group (ACG) is the second largest AAA club in North America. ACG and its affiliates provide membership, insurance, banking, financial services, and travel offerings to over 13.5 million members across 13 U.S. states, the province of Quebec and two U.S. territories including Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Michigan, Nebraska, North Carolina, North Dakota, Tennessee, Wisconsin, Puerto Rico, South Carolina and the U.S. Virgin Islands; most of Illinois and Minnesota; and a portion of Indiana. ACG belongs to the national AAA federation with more than 60 million members in the United States and Canada whose mission includes protecting and advancing freedom of mobility and improving traffic safety. Motorists can map a route, identify gas prices, find discounts, book a hotel, and access AAA roadside assistance with the AAA Mobile app for iPhone, iPad and Android. Learn more at AAA.com/mobile. Visit AAA on the Internet at AAA.com.


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Amy Klein – Valerie – Video
Amy Klein released her debut solo album, Fire, yesterday on Don Giovanni Records. This is the first video from that album. If you are in New York she is having an album release show at Silent Barn in Brooklyn on June 23rd.
If you aren't in New York you might be able to catch her at another date on her tour in support of the album.
6/16: New York, NY @ Cake Shop
6/18: Detroit, MI @ El Club
6/23: Brooklyn, NY @ Silent Barn – Album Release Show
* Â with Pecas, Hailey Wojcik, and Mixed Doubles
6/30: Philadelphia, PA @ Ortlieb's
7/2: Harrisburg, PA @ MakeSpace
7/3: Baltimore, MD @ Loners Club
7/6: Atlanta, GA @ Â TBA
7/7: Athens, GA @ Caledonia Lounge
7/8: Gainesville, FL @ Hardback Cafe
7/9: Pensacola, FL @ Sluggo's


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Protect skin against moisture and irritation by applying a thin layer of Soothe and Cool® Moisture Barrier Ointment from Walter Drake. The ointment is non-irritating and is designed for use in areas that will be exposed to moisture for prolonged periods of time. The ointment goes to work quickly, nourishing skin and relieving dryness while protecting against minor scrapes, burns, cuts and chapping. The unique formula includes calming aloe extract as well as a special blend of vitamins A, E and D. The ointment is unscented and can be used in areas affected by urinary or fecal incontinence.
Soothe and Cool® Moisture Barrier Ointment from Walter Drake is sold in a seven-oz. tube. The portable salve can be applied as needed to protect skin from rashes, sores and other types of irritation. The ointment will not wash off easily, protecting skin even in moist environments. The ointment is designed for all ages and can be applied as often as needed for complete protection.
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Nonprimary motor cortex - definition
region of the frontal cortex involved in movement but distinct from the primary motor cortex. The nonprimary motor cortex contains several areas, such as the premotor and supplementary motor areas, involved with various aspects of movement like planning, initiating, and selecting the proper movement given a particular context.
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