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Effective Scorpion Control In Arizona
Did you know the area in which you live (Phoenix, Arizona) has the largest number of scorpions present in whole Arizona? Yeah that's right. According to the research done by Arizona State University there are approximately 7000 scorpion sting reported from Phoenix as they mapped the areas according to zip codes to find out the areas having largest presence of scorpions. Well that's scary! You would probably know that's true, as you encounter with many of them in everyday life. Some people think that's easy to control scorpions by use of pesticides. Yeah, I also consider this statement to be true to some extent, but do you know about the effects which those pesticides would bring? Most of you don't, even some will cry PFFT! "I don't care as long as pesticides are killing those creepy pests". Well you should care. It is the matter of your own safety & for this purpose it is recommended that you should hire a professional to do that job.
Why hire a professionals?
Why you should hire a professional? First of all you can harm yourself as you don't know the consequences of where should pesticide be or not be sprayed. Pesticides are strong toxic materials. They should be dealt with immense care. Secondly you can never match the quality which you will gain by hiring a professional for the job of pest control. They know what they are doing. You will be surprised from the way they work. For example, did you know that scorpions mostly move out of their habitat during nights for the purpose of prey? If yes then it's good enough, but how are you supposed to find out in which places they are hiding, even during night, if they plan not to move out of their habitats on that particular night? These are the question of which professionals know the answers to. Let me tell you professionals will use ultra violet lights to capture them, as scorpions or any other kind of pests for that matter, will not be able to hide themselves under those UV lights. This is one of many advantages that you will gain by hiring a professional. Seriously they know much better than you about their job & if you will try to do their job without them, there can be serious consequences to deal with, so professionals are a must for scorpion control in Phoenix!
Killing is not the only way to exterminate scorpions.
Did you know, fungal infections are the source of loss of 30% of crops all over the world? Yeah. Unfortunately that is true. So it is immensely important to develop new kind of fungicides, & did you know scorpions have an advantage for crops? Yeah that's also true. They have a major advantage as they are used for control of fungal parasites. According to the researchers, the venom of scorpion can be used as fungicide, as it is used to save the scorpion itself from the growth of fungal parasites. So, why kill the scorpions if we can give their lives a purpose? Yeah we shouldn't. Instead of using pesticides to get rid of them, call professional pest control people who will, instead of killing those creepy creatures, get a benefit out of them. Apart from having benefits from agricultural point of view, there are few other researches being carried out on venom of scorpion to find out cures to different diseases which include Lupus, Rheumatoid Arthritis, heart diseases etc. It is also said that as a result of some researches, that venom of scorpions can help in prevention of cancer cells from passing. However it is too early to say it with certainty. The point is constant research is being done on the venom of scorpion & they are needed for this purpose. Alive. So capturing them instead of killing them will carry huge advantages so that further research should be carried on.
Some useful ways to prevent yourself from scorpions after being cleared out.
It is easy to understand that even professionals don't have magic wand from which they would be able to exterminate all the scorpions of your area all-together. We give our customers some pieces of advice so that they may be able to prevent themselves from scorpion danger in future. Firstly you should see the places that harbor scorpions & you should apply preventive measures. For example, scorpions can be found underneath almost anything including firewood, dog houses, umbrellas, old roll of rugs in yard etc. So you should do your best to keep your house as tidy ad possible. As explained earlier scorpions wander around for prey mostly during night time. So make a common practice not to leave a doorway opened at night otherwise you would be inviting them yourself. Don't leave the doorway opened whether you leave them opened for your pets or some pleasant weather, besides scorpions it is not a good habit anyway. There are several appliances in the home such as a dryer or gas fireplace that has vents leading to the outside. Make sure you properly apply wired mesh around those vents so that scorpions don't find a way to enter in to the home apart from having so many preventive measures.
Why us?
Now the matter is how to choose who is best to do this job. There are so many companies who offer pest control, but you are seeking for the best, aren't you? Arizona's Best Choice Pest & Termite Services is the company you are looking for. Certainly you will prefer the people having more experience, over those inexperienced people who are found in large numbers in the market. Arizona Pest Control being the best scorpion control in Phoenix are in the market for past 15 years & the most valuable thing they got is their satisfied customers. We are not only relieving you from these creepy crawlers but also helping the humanity as we provide these creatures for research purposes. Having certified & highly trained staff we are sure that no one is not even near enough to beat us in our work.


text: The first U.S. coffee shop of world renowned barista and latte art expert Hiroshi Sawada. The industrial style café features a wall of windows facing Green Street and includes a custom painted espresso machine, wooden ping pong table, pinball machine, and punching bag. Guests can order from a curated menu of expertly crafted espresso and matcha-based drinks, including military lattes, cortados, cappuccinos, and boozy steamers, paired with a selection of camouflage Doughnut Vault doughnuts.

subset: commoncrawl


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Glasgow has been notorious in recent years for its hooliganism and gang warfare, although of late there has been a diminution in this respect. Slum conditions, unemployment and drink have all played an important part in fostering this undesirable element, who as a rule confine their violence to their immediate associates.
In 1938 Paddy Carraher was charged with the murder by stabbing of a man who was a total stranger to him, but the jury took a lenient view of the case and returned a verdict of culpable homicide, and Carraher escaped with a sentence of three years' penal servitude.
In 1946 Carraher appeared once more in the dock of the Glasgow High Court on a charge of murder by stabbing. This time he was convicted, sentenced to death and duly hanged.


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Checklists, training requirements, worksheets and other documents to help companies comply with COS requirements.
For information on how to become an accredited audit service provider for the Center
for Offshore Safety, and qualifications for COS auditors, please contact Curt Johnson at email@example.com.
Industry collaborated to produce an audit protocol that addresses the requirements of 30 CFR Part 250 and API RP 75 to assist Operators and contractors in evaluation of SEMS conformity.
Guideline for Skills and Knowledge Management System for the U.S. Offshore Oil & Gas Industry


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Starbucks Chinese expansion plans brewingThis article was originally published in Foodnews
STARBUCKS has unveiled plans to triple its coffee shops in China during the next four years and step up expansion elsewhere in Asia.
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STARBUCKS has unveiled plans to triple its coffee shops in China during the next four years and step up expansion elsewhere in Asia.
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Former TV3 presenter, news anchor and producer, Nana Aba Anamoah has disclosed she suspected she would be suspended over allegations of photo theft after it emerged that the pictures she allegedly posted online of her at a Manchester United game were 'photoshoped'.
Speaking on Starr FM's Starr Chat, the assertive presenter said she was not surprised nor heartbroken upon the news of her suspension because she had psyched herself up.
"TV3's suspension actually made me strong. I suspected the suspension was coming and I said to myself, 'what if you are suspended?' And the thing about me is, whatever I think about, for some reasons, it does happen. But it didn't break me. I had prepared my heart," she said.
The devout Manchester United fan trended for photos she allegedly shared on twitter suggesting she was at Old Trafford to watch the "Red Devils" play Sunderland.
The picture however happened to belong to another person, who after seeing that he had been cropped out of the photograph subsequently released other photos to show that the photos belonged to him and not Nana Aba.
In a statement released from management of TV3 confirming her suspension said, "After preliminary investigations internally, and in accordance with TV3's own commitment to the highest level of professionalism, Management has decided to take Nana Aba Anamoah off air until further notice.
"As a broadcast network that prides itself in upholding high ethical standards and delivering credible and trustworthy content to its viewers, TV3 would like to assure viewers and other key stakeholders that it shall continue to take all necessary steps to maintain such standards," the statement noted. But Nana Aba, has denied ever editing those pictures.
"I never posted a photoshop picture. I don't even know how to photoshop. I have no idea who did that and I don't see why I should photoshop myself in Old Trafford. I go to Old Trafford whenever I have to and I get free ticket to go. I was having fun," Nana Aba stated.
Few days after her suspension, the presenter resigned from TV3. She has said she was not pushed to resign but it was a decision she had to take.
"I wasn't pushed to resign but actually when I sent in my resignation letter some of my bosses were disappointed and they were sad that I was leaving… no I don't regret… but I miss TV3, I miss the people around, the people in the newsroom, I miss them every day, I miss them every day I wake up," Nana Aba Anamoah said.


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Sweet drinks — whether Kool-Aid with sugar or all-natural apple juice — seem to raise the risk of pudgy preschoolers getting fatter, new research suggests. That may come as a surprise to parents who pride themselves on seeking out fruit drinks with no added sugar.
Aroma – Smell The Difference
The sense of smell has long been neglected as a means of conveying information about food items. One company from the UK hopes to change this however, as it revolutionizes the packaging and POP areas of retail food vending by introducing aroma to the browsing community.
It is a well-accepted premise that the sensory experience of foods, beverages and other consumer products are primarily due to olfaction, or aroma. Yet packaging engineers, in their efforts to keep products fresh, have also created packaging that keeps those beneficial aromas in. Therefore, consumers often do not have the opportunity to experience the essence of the product from the shelf.
I was delighted to try the new Cinnabon cookies from Poore Bros. The packaging is good, and the varieties and flavors are right on. Sadly, the Cinnabon experience isn't translated. If you've ever been so much as near a Cinnabon, you know what I'm talking about. The aroma of cinnamon wraps itself around you like a favorite cashmere sweater on a chilly day. It instantly evokes warmth, comfort…
Orgasmic Chocolates, the brain (or perhaps love) child of two budding UK entrepreneurs, is a new luxury chocolate infused with "wildcrafted" Chinese herbs, which its owners hope will be the next big thing in chocolate indulgence. Leaving to one side what must surely be the rashest brand promise ever made, Orgasmic Chocolates — which claims to induce feelings of "well being, relaxation, and euphoria" in those who…
To learn more about ScentSational Technologies and our many products and technologies call or e-mail ScentSational today.


text: Interesting question, as windows did once upon-a-time run on powerpc (wikipedia says so, so it must be true http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_NT#32-bit_platforms) Does someone need to run notepad for powerpc on linux though? Dean On 06/06/12 11:07, Michael Gilbert wrote: > Hi, > > Not sure if this is the right list. I see that wine is in powerpc's > not-for-us list in sid: > https://buildd.debian.org/status/architecture.php?a=powerpc&suite=sid > > Just curious why that is? The latest wine built fine on powerpc in > experimental: > https://buildd.debian.org/status/logs.php?pkg=wine&arch=powerpc > > Thanks, > Mike > > -- http://fragfest.com.au


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Control your PC with your iPhone or iPod Touch
Since you can just about anything with an iPhone or iPod Touch nowadays, why not control your PC with one?
Logitech Touch Mouse Server allows you to control a PC with your iPhone or iPod Touch. The Logitech Touch Mouse Server sits in your PC menu bar and provides status updates when your iPhone is and isn't connected. Just connect your iPhone to the server and it activates the phone as the main controller for your machine.
Note that you need to download the Logitech Touch Mouse App server for your iPhone or iPod touch from the Apple store first. When you run the Touch Mouse app on your iPhone or iPod touch, simply select the computer you want to control from the list that appears. The server icon will change to when your iPhone or iPod touch connects to the Touch Mouse Server.
It might seem pointless now but you never know when your iPhone or iPod Touch might be useful for controlling your PC.


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Your browser (Internet Explorer 7 or lower) is out of date. It has known security flaws and may not display all features of this and other websites. Learn how to update your browser.
Workers have nearly completed installation of the embankment berm and spillway cutoff wall sheets along the eastern portion of the spillway. The base of the spillway concrete pour is half completed. Winter concrete work will be completed in mid-winter.
Click "read more" below for full article with photos.
read more..
ODNR has received the required permits and workers have begun initial construction work to make improvements.
Click "read more" for photos.
Workers remained on site and beginning the cold season with a diversity of concrete work as winter approaches. Forms are being constructed and workers will be pouring spillway and wingwall slabs, plus training walls, wingwall walls and the labyrinth weirs.
Click "read more" for photos and full article.
Work over the past two weeks has included placement of the left embankment and installation of sheet piling. Lake refill between the two cofferdams was completed and now water is being held behind the new spillway, which features a labyrinth design.
Click "read more" full article.
With construction progress picking up speed through the holiday season, we wanted to share the latest news on the Buckeye Lake Dam Improvement Project.
Click "read more" below for full article.
Please be advised that to efficiently and effectively finish a critical section of work from North Shore to just past the Buckeye Lake Yacht Club, DeWind will be implementing a 2-shift work plan beginning tomorrow, December 2. This will involve working from 6 AM to midnight from Saturday through Thursday of next week.
End of article.


text: To find monitoring reports for your child care program, use the Search for Child Care tool. Once your program is listed, click on its link, then click on the tab at the top titled, "DCDEE Visits". You will be able to click on the linked visit date for a summary of consultant visits.


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The Short Version
- A 53 cm long, knitted tube made out of Repreve® high performance microfibre. Loaded with technical features for your comfort.
- Designed for activities in the heat & sun & skin cancer protection
- Best applied as neck cooler, face mask, sweatband, helmet liner or Bimini cap
- Heat: High-end HeiQ cooling technology starts cooling you if your skin temperature goes over 30 degrees celcius
- Sweat: Stay Dry – Stay Cool. Wicks your sweat away from the skin and uses it to cool you down
- Sun/Skin Cancer: UPF50 gives you excellent sun-burn & skin cancer protection
- Odour/Germs: Polygiene™ hospital grade anti-microbial technology keeps you odour free and stops germs from spreading around your face and mouth
- Chill: HeiQ technology stops cooling as soon as you cool down. Fold it in layers to create a scarf, ear warmer or hat/beanie. Wear it single layer as face mask or balaclava
- Wearing Restrictions: 4-Way, Ultra-stretch tech makes it the most flexible and comfortable tubular headwear currently available
- Free of Harmful & Irritation substances – Oekotex® certified
- Fits most adult heads (head circumference 53-62 cm)
- Weighs 39 gr (1.376 oz)


text: Jailed previously, Sasan Aghaei, one of the arrested journalists, works for the reformist daily Etemad [Facebook]Iran has arrested 14 journalists for alleged co-operation with foreign-based Persian-language media organisations. Several chief editors of Iranian outlets said on Monday that the arrests signal a major escalation in a press crackdown that reflects Iran's zero tolerance for those who work with dissident media or outlets considered hostile to the regime. The chief editors of the arrested journalists told The Associated Press that the 14 were taken into custody on Sunday night and on Monday because of their "foreign contacts". The editors spoke on condition of anonymity because of fears of reprisals. In recent years, Iran has denounced the Voice of America (VOA) and the BBC's Persian service, describing them as arms of US and British intelligence agencies. It has warned of severe repercussions for Iranian journalists and activists caught having contacts with these outlets. The editors refused to say if the detained were accused of providing material specifically to BBC or the VOA . Tehran has repeatedly accused the United States and Britain of seeking to provoke unrest in a bid to oust the country's clerical rulers, and it has frequently accused opposition figures and supporters of being in league with the nation's enemies. Pre-election tensions Editorial cartoonist Mana Neyestani, speaking to Farsi-language Raha TV, a UK-based opposition channel, said that the journalists arrested were not known for being particularly political, but they were all fairly well known. "It seems that they wanted to go for prominent, well-known names and take them in a dramatic style to make a point," said Neyestani, adding that these arrests are part of a pre-emptive crackdown on journalists in the lead up to the June presidential elections. "I can't even say if I'm shocked, because for quite some time we've forgotten the point of being shocked with our country's system - no news really shocks us any more," said Neyestani, himself in exile in France. Sherif Mansour, the Middle East and North Africa Program Co-ordinator for the New York-based Committee to Protect Journalists, told Al Jazeera that Iran had been ranked as "the worst jailer of journalists worldwide". "And since the 2009 election, Iran has kept, and continued pressure, jail-time, torture and even lashing sentences against journalists," said Mansour, referring to the contested presidential re-election of President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, which lead to months of protests and massive and persistant crackdowns on media as well as political opposition. "We see the escalation coming as the election time comes," said Mansour. "We're also seeing more consistent use of oppression tools by increasing censorship online, cracking down on some of the foreign journalists, Iranian journalists and human rights activists." 'Serving the enemy's purpose' The arrests followed last week's warning by State Prosecutor Gholam Hossein Mohseni Ejehei, who said journalists who are in contact with "hostile foreign media" would be punished. Ejehi described such reporters as "serving the enemy's purpose". The detained journalists - nine men and five women - were identified by their editors. They are from seven different news organisations, including five daily papers, a weekly and the semi-official ILNA news agency. Some of them have spent months behind bars in the past over critical writings that were carried by foreign-based Iranian dissident media or writings that supported feminist activities. Since 2000, Iran's judiciary has shut down more than 120 pro-reform newspapers and jailed dozens of editors and writers on vague charges of insulting authorities. Also on Monday, the semiofficial ISNA news agency said the conservative Tabnak news website, close to the former Revolutionary Guard commander Mohsen Rezaei, has been blocked. No reason was given. SOURCE: Al Jazeera and agencies Politics Middle East US & Canada France Iran


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I was trained one to one by Sam Chapman - Celebrity make up artist and Pixiwoo YouTube phenomenon. This extensive experience means that I realise just how important a bride's makeup is - that you feel 'a million dollars', the make-up feels weightless, lasts all day and looks incredible on camera. I will make you look the most beautiful you've ever looked!
I have worked on 1000's of faces which means I can create any look you want whether it's natural or glamorous. My kit contains premium products by Chanel, Dior, Mac, YSL, Clinique, Nars, Charlotte Tilbury, Obsessive Compulsive Cosmetics, Anastasia Beverley Hills, Laura Mercier, Illamasqua, Bobbi Brown, Makeup Forever, Smashbox and some Pro brands.
I am a mobile make-up artist based in Leighton Buzzard, near Milton Keynes, who covers Bedfordshire, Buckinghamshire, Hertfordshire, Northamptonshire, Oxfordshire and Cambridgeshire. This means that I will travel to you either at home or to your venue on your wedding day - so no trips out to a salon - just a nice relaxing experience.
I am also available for special occasion, prom and party makeup or comprehensive one to one or group makeup lessons - perfect if you are getting married abroad and are nervous about doing your own makeup or if you are stuck in a 'makeup rut' and just want advice on choosing and applying new make up.
I am the recommended makeup artist at the Woburn Sculpture Gallery, The Inn at Woburn, Woburn Safari Lodge, Dodford Manor and Pinewood Studios .
Copyright © 2018 Bridal Makeup By Juliet
Juliet covers Bedfordshire (Leighton Buzzard / Dunstable / Luton / Woburn / Bedford / Flitwick) Buckinghamshire (Milton Keynes / Bletchley / Aylesbury / Buckingham / Newport Pagnell / Amersham / Tring / Chesham) Hertfordshire (Berkhamsted / Hemel Hempstead / Watford / Bushey / St Albans / Hatfield / Hertford / Stevenage / Hitchin) Northamptonshire (Towcester / Northampton) Oxfordshire (Oxford / Bicester / Banbury / Thame)


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19 Jan Accommodation in Broadstairs Kent
Bed and Breakfast
A vacation to Broadstairs in Kent will definitely be an enriching experience,especially since this charming little town has so much to offer to the discerning traveller. Broadstairs is a charming fishing village that contains a dotting of visually appealing bays. Of all the bays in Broadstairs, there is one bay that really stands out – the Viking Bay. A visit to the bay will remain forever imprinted in your brain. Though Broadstairs is not that big a town you will definitely need more than one day to bask in its pristine glory. The Viking Bay itself will hold you in its mesmerising spell for hours on end and you will not be able to tear yourself away. If that is the case, why not look for some good and interesting Broadstairs Bed & Breakfasts? Here are some to help you out.
Broadstairs Hotels
Get the best deals on Broadstairs Hotels with broadstairskent.com, where we compare rates for Hotels in Broadstairs Kent so that you can book a Broadstairs Hotel at the best possible price. Whether you're looking for , a Boutique Hotel, or a Budget Hotel, Broadstairskent.com has a wide selection to choose from. Click on the link below to view Broadstairs Hotels and the surrounding area.
Broadstairs Holiday Homes
Find great Self Catering Accommodation/Holiday Homes in Broadstairs for a Kent Holiday to remember. From romantic fisherman cottages, harbour front apartments, stunning barn conversions to elegant Georgian townhouses we believe in marketing only the best quality self-catering properties in Kent. We believe in renting to understanding and responsible holiday guests who will look after the property, enjoy a fantastic Broadstairs Holiday. Renting a holiday home/self catering accommodation can be a daunting task and hence we have complied a list our our top 3 Holiday Homes in Broadstairs which offer fantastic self catering accommodation at affordable prices and the perfect location. Whereever your staying Broadstairs you are never too far away from the miles and miles of stunning sandy beaches that captivated the likes of Charles Dickens and in recent years Ricky Gervais!
OUR TOP 10 Accommodation RECOMMENDATIONS
We understand that finding accommodation in Broadstairs can be an overwhelming task and due to the popularity of the resort the best options get booked up quickly. So we have complied our top 4 accommodation recommendations in and around the centre of Broadstairs. Be sure to Book Early as these options get booked up quickly!
Featured image: Beach huts & Blue sky by Funk Dooby | Creative Commons 2


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Recipe of Rajasthani Pulao-Sweetdish of Rajasthan
Recipe of Rajasthani Pulao
• 2 Cups white basmati rice
• 1 Cup sugar
• 1 Cup ghee
• 20 blanched and chopped almonds
• 20 chopped pistas
• 1 tablespoon Cardamom powder
• 1/4 tablespoon Nutmeg powder
• 1/2 tablespoon Saffron, soaked in 1 tablespoon milk
• 4 Cups milk
·Soak rice in water for 2 hours
·Now drain it.
·Heat ghee.
·Add the drained rice when ghee becomes hot.
·Add 4 cups of milk.
·Cover it with the lid and cook it , on a low flame.
·Stirring it very gently, so that the rice grains do not break.
·As the rice is cooked, add cardamom powder, nutmeg powder, dry fruits, sugar and saffron.
·Mix it well.
·Bake in a hot oven, till each grain is separate.
·Serve hot, as a sweet dish.
·Rajesthani Pulao is ready to serve


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Archive for January 2008
Brain Circuits: Method Applied To Learning And Memory Pathway
Researchers at the Picower Institute for Learning and Memory at MIT report in the Jan. 24 online edition of Science that they have created a way to see, for the first time, the effect of blocking and unblocking a single neural circuit in a living animal.The green-stained section of this mouse hippocampus represents where the new DICE-K technique blocked the neural-signal transmission in one of the hippocampal circuits of the brain. (Credit: Image / Toshi Nakashiba, MIT)This revolutionary method allowed Susumu Tonegawa, Picower Professor of Biology and Neuroscience, and colleagues to see how bypassing a major memory-forming circuit in the brain affected learning and memory in mice."Our data strongly suggest that the hippocampal neural pathway called the tri-synaptic pathway, or TSP, plays a crucial role in quickly forming memories when encountering new events and episodes in day-to-day life," Tonegawa said. "Our results indicate that the decline of these abilities, such as that which accompanies neurodegenerative diseases and normal aging in humans, is likely to be due, at least in part, to the malfunctioning of this circuit."
Combining several cutting-edge genetic engineering techniques, Tonegawa's laboratory invented a method called doxycycline-inhibited circuit exocytosis-knockdown, or DICE-K-an acronym that also reflects Tonegawa's admiration of ace Boston Red Sox pitcher Daisuke Matsuzaka. DICE-K allows researchers for the first time to induce and reverse a blockade of synaptic transmission in specific neural circuits in the hippocampus.
"The brain is the most complex machine ever assembled on this planet," Tonegawa said. "Our cognitive abilities and behaviors are based on tens of thousands of molecules that compose several billion neurons, as well as how those neurons are connected.
"One effective way to understand how this immensely complex cellular network works in a major form of cognition like memory is to intervene in the specific neural circuit suspected to be involved," he said.
Computing memories
The hippocampus, a seahorse-shaped brain region, plays a part in memory and spatial navigation. In Alzheimer's disease, the hippocampus is one of the first regions to suffer damage; memory problems and disorientation are among the disease's first symptoms.
The hippocampus is made up of several regions–CA1, CA3 and the dentate gyrus–that are wired up with distinct pathways.
The MIT study sought to determine how the interactions between neural pathways and the hippocampal regions affect learning and memory tasks.
Imagine that the three hippocampal regions are computers, and neural pathways are the conduits through which the computers get data from all over the brain. The computers perform different tasks, so the types of data processing will depend on which conduits the data travels through.
The hippocampus has two major, parallel information-carrying routes: the tri-synaptic pathway (TSP) and the shorter monosynaptic pathway (MSP). The TSP includes data processing from all three hippocampal regions, whereas the MSP skips through most of them.
Uisng DICE-K, the researchers were surprised to find that mice in which the major TSP pathway was shut down could still learn to navigate a maze. The shorter MSP pathway was sufficient for the job.
However, the maze is a task that is slowly learned over many repeated trials. When the mice were tested with a different task in a new environment that required rapid learning and memory formation, the researchers found that the mice with TSP shut down could not perform the task. Thus, the TSP pathway is required for animals to quickly acquire memories in a new environment. "This kind of learning results in the most sophisticated form of memory that makes animals more intelligent and is known to decline with age," Tonegawa said.Science. 2008 Jan 24 [Epub ahead of print]
The Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, RIKEN-MIT Neuroscience Research Center, Department of Biology and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
The hippocampus is an area of the brain involved in learning and memory. It contains parallel excitatory pathways referred to as the trisynaptic pathway (which carries information from the entorhinal cortex –> dentate gyrus –> CA3 –> CA1 –> entorhinal cortex) and the monosynaptic pathway (which connects entorhinal cortex –> CA1 –> entorhinal cortex). We developed a generally applicable tetanus toxin-based method for transgenic mice that permits inducible and reversible inhibition of synaptic transmission and applied it to the trisynaptic pathway while preserving transmission in the monosynaptic pathway. We found that synaptic output from CA3 in the trisynaptic pathway is dispensable and the short monosynaptic pathway is sufficient for incremental spatial learning. In contrast, the full trisynaptic pathway containing CA3 is required for rapid, one-trial contextual learning, for pattern completionbased memory recall and for spatial tuning of CA1 cells.
Genes Predict Risk Of Getting Hooked On Cigarettes
Cigarette smoking is the largest preventable source of death and disability in the USA, contributing to ~ 400,000 deaths annually. Despite widespread knowledge of the health dangers, ~ 1 in 8 American adults is a habitual heavy smoker.For several decades, scientists have known that most of the risk for habitual heavy smoking (smoking a pack each day) is largely influenced by genetics. This conclusion comes from the study of identical and fraternal twins from Scandinavia, North America, Australia and (more recently) China. It has been estimated that ~ 2/3 of the risk to become a heavy habitual smoker is genetic. This does not imply that this genetic risk is due to a single gene. It is known that many genes are involved, each one contributing a small amount of risk.
Finding the individual genes is a considerable challenge, but worth the effort, because it is hoped that the genes conveying risk for heavy smoking could be used to develop new medicines to help people quit. The development of new medicines to help people quit is particularly important, because the existing medications, including nicotine replacement ('the patch' or gum), bupropion and varenicline are effective in the short-term (several months) for a minority of heavy smokers.
This paper describes the results of a genetic study of 14,000 people, from the USA and Europe, whose smoking histories were known. DNA samples from ~ 6000 people were analyzed at ~ 500,000 known variations in the human genome to determine whether any of these variations predicted cigarettes per day during the period of heaviest smoking for these individuals. The results implicated variations in two genes, both producing brain proteins to which nicotine binds in generating its addicting effects. These two proteins (are their genes) are termed the alpha 3 and alpha 5 nicotinic receptor subunits, so-called because they form (with other nicotinic receptor subunits) binding sites for nicotine on certain brain cells which are known to be activated during the process of addiction.
A second population of ~ 8000 people (whose smoking histories were known) was analyzed in a similar manner, the result again suggesting that variations in these two genes increased risk for heavy smoking. Taken together, these two studies provide convincing proof that variations in the alpha 3 and alpha 5 nicotinic receptor subunit genes play a significant role in risk for nicotine addiction. A previously published paper, using similar methods, also supports this conclusion.
These results suggest two important research activities. First, and foremost, the alpha 3 and alpha 5 nicotinic receptor subunits will be made targets for new smoking cessation medication development programs by pharmaceutical companies. Second, the implicated DNA variants can be used to determine whether they predict ability to quit using the one of the currently available smoking cessation medicines. This "personalized medicine" approach might allow for more efficient and productive use of those medicines, until improved ones can be created.Mol Psychiatry. 2008 Jan 29 [Epub ahead of print]
Different Patterns Of Brain Activity In Creative And Noncreative Problem Solvers
Why do some people solve problems more creatively than others? Are people who think creatively somehow different from those who tend to think in a more methodical fashion?
These questions are part of a long-standing debate, with some researchers arguing that what we call "creative thought" and "noncreative thought" are not basically different. If this is the case, then people who are thought of as creative do not really think in a fundamentally different way from those who are thought of as noncreative. On the other side of this debate, some researchers have argued that creative thought is fundamentally different from other forms of thought. If this is true, then those who tend to think creatively really are somehow different.
A new study led by John Kounios, professor of psychology at Drexel University and Mark Jung-Beeman of Northwestern University addresses these questions by comparing the brain activity of creative and noncreative problem solvers. The study published in the journal Neuropsychologia, reveals a distinct pattern of brain activity, even at rest, in people who tend to solve problems with a sudden creative insight — an "Aha! Moment" — compared to people who tend to solve problems more methodically.
At the beginning of the study, participants relaxed quietly for seven minutes while their electroencephalograms (EEGs) were recorded to show their brain activity. The participants were not given any task to perform and told they could think about whatever they wanted. Later, they were asked to solve a series of anagrams — scrambled letters that can be rearranged to form words [MPXAELE = EXAMPLE]. These can be solved by deliberately and methodically trying out different letter combinations, or they can be solved with a sudden insight or "Aha!" in which the solution pops into awareness. After each successful solution, participants indicated in which way the solution had come to them.
The participants were then divided into two groups — those who reported solving the problems mostly by sudden insight, and those who reported solving the problems more methodically — and resting-state brain activity for these groups was compared. As predicted, the two groups displayed strikingly different patterns of brain activity during the resting period at the beginning of the experiment — before they knew they would have to solve problems or even knew what the study was about.
One difference was that the creative solvers exhibited greater activity in several regions of the right hemisphere. Previous research has suggested that the right hemisphere of the brain plays a special role in solving problems with creative insight, likely due to right-hemisphere involvement in the processing of loose or "remote" associations between the elements of a problem, which is understood to be an important component of creative thought. The current study shows that greater right-hemisphere activity occurs even during a "resting" state in those with a tendency to solve problems by creative insight. This finding suggests that even the spontaneous thought of creative individuals, such as in their daydreams, contains more remote associations.
Second, creative and methodical solvers exhibited different activity in areas of the brain that process visual information. The pattern of "alpha" and "beta" brainwaves in creative solvers was consistent with diffuse rather than focused visual attention. This may allow creative individuals to broadly sample the environment for experiences that can trigger remote associations to produce an Aha! Moment. For example, a glimpse of an advertisement on a billboard or a word spoken in an overheard conversation could spark an association that leads to a solution. In contrast, the more focused attention of methodical solvers reduces their distractibility, allowing them to effectively solve problems for which the solution strategy is already known, as would be the case for balancing a checkbook or baking a cake using a known recipe.
Thus, the new study shows that basic differences in brain activity between creative and methodical problem solvers exist and are evident even when these individuals are not working on a problem. According to Kounios, "Problem solving, whether creative or methodical, doesn't begin from scratch when a person starts to work on a problem. His or her pre-existing brain-state biases a person to use a creative or a methodical strategy."
In addition to contributing to current knowledge about the neural basis of creativity, this study suggests the possible development of new brain imaging techniques for assessing potential for creative thought, and for assessing the effectiveness of methods for training individuals to think creatively.
Neuropsychologia. 2008;46(1):281-91. Epub 2007 Jul 27.
see also:
Cognitive Insight And Its Neural Mechanism
- Neural Activity When People Solve Verbal Problems with Insight
- Published April 13, 2004 – RESEARCH ARTICLE Jung-Beeman M, Bowden EM, Haberman J, Frymiare JL, Arambel-Liu S, et al. – PLoS Biology Vol. 2, No. 4, e97 doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0020097
- The Prepared Mind: Neural Activity Prior to Problem Presentation Predicts Subsequent Solution by Sudden Insight
– Psychological Science October 2006 (Volume 17, Issue 10 Page 825-924)
Deep Brain Stimulation In Hypothalamus Triggers Memories
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery, which is used to treat Parkinson's disease and other movement disorders, is now being studied for its potential to treat a variety of conditions. A new study found that hypothalamic DBS performed in the treatment of a patient with morbid obesity unexpectedly evoked a sense of déjà vu and detailed personal memories.
Led by Andres Lozano, Professor of Neurosurgery and Canada Research Chair in Neuroscience and his team at the Toronto Western Hospital in Toronto, Ontario, researchers conducted an experimental study to treat a 50-year-old man with a lifelong history of obesity in whom a variety of treatment approaches had failed. While they were identifying potential appetite suppressant sites in the hypothalamus by stimulating electrode contacts that had been implanted there, the patient suddenly experienced a feeling of "déjà vu."
He reported the perception of being in a park with friends from when he was around 20 years old and as the intensity of the stimulation was increased, the details became more vivid. These sensations were reproduced when the stimulation was performed in a double-blinded manner. The contacts that most readily induced the memories were located in the hypothalamus and estimated to be close to the fornix, an arched bundle of fibers that carries signals within the limbic system, which is involved in memory and emotions. Stimulation was shown to drive the activity the temporal lobe and the hippocampus, important components of the brain's memory circuit.
At the first office visit two months after the patient was released from the hospital, the researchers were able to induce and videotape the memory effects seen in the operating room by turning on the electrical stimulation. They also tested the patient's memory during and without stimulation and found that after three weeks of continuous hypothalamic stimulation he showed significant improvements in two learning tests. In addition, the patient was much more likely to remember unrelated paired objects when stimulation was on than when it was off. They conclude that "just as DBS can influence motor and limbic circuits, it may be possible to apply electrical stimulation to modulate memory function and, in so doing, gain a better understanding of the neural substrates of memory."
DBS of the hypothalamus has also been used to treat cluster headaches and aggressiveness in humans, and stimulating this area influences feeding behavior in animals.
Annals of Neurology Volume 63, Issue 1, Date: January 2008, Pages: 119-123 DOI 10.1002/ana.21295
Memory enhancement induced by hypothalamic/fornix deep brain stimulation
Clement Hamani, Mary Pat McAndrews, Melanie Cohn, Michael Oh, Dominik Zumsteg, Colin M. Shapiro, Richard A. Wennberg, Andres M. Lozano
Bilateral hypothalamic deep brain stimulation was performed to treat a patient with morbid obesity. We observed, quite unexpectedly, that stimulation evoked detailed autobiographical memories. Associative memory tasks conducted in a double-blinded manner demonstrated that stimulation increased recollection but not familiarity-based recognition, indicating a functional engagement of the hippocampus. Electroencephalographic source localization showed that hypothalamic deep brain stimulation drove activity in mesial temporal lobe structures. This shows that hypothalamic stimulation in this patient modulates limbic activity and improves certain memory functions.
Checking One Voice In A Noisy Room? New Findings On Selectively Interpreting Sounds
Scientists at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (CSHL) have reported new findings about how the mammalian brain interprets and fashions representations of sound that may help explain how we are able to focus on one particular sound among many in noisy environments such as offices or cocktail parties.
Neurons in the brain's auditory cortex interpret incoming sound signals and send them to the rest of the nervous system, in the brain and spinal cord. Using rats, the CSHL team discovered that a very small minority of available auditory neurons react strongly when exposed to any specific sound.
"This finding challenges the standard model of sound representations in the auditory cortex, which predicts that neural representations of stimuli often engage a large fraction of neurons," said Anthony Zador, Ph.D., CSHL professor and corresponding author of a new research paper.*
The researchers used a new technique called "in vivo cell-attached patch clamp recording" which measures the reaction of individual neurons. This recording technique samples neurons in a fair and unbiased way, unlike traditional approaches, which favored the largest and most active neurons. Using this technique, the team found that only 5% of neurons in the auditory cortex had a "high firing rate" when receiving a range of sounds of varying length, frequency, and volume. The experiment included white noise and natural animal sounds.
The team's objective was to quantify the relative contributions of different sub-populations of neurons in response to the range of sounds. Most of what is known about the auditory cortex of the mammalian brain comes from studies of the anesthetized cortex. The results of the experiments reported today are important partly because they measure the response of neurons in rats that were not anesthetized. In animals that are awake, it's possible to measure the response over an interval of time to one sound among many that are co-occurring.
This is the approach the Zador lab has taken to explain "selective attention," or what Dr. Zador calls "the cocktail party problem." Half of the neurons measured in the reported experiments showed no reaction at all to incoming stimuli. The researchers hypothesize that each neuron in the auditory cortex may have an "optimal stimulus" to which it is particularly sensitized.
"Your entire sensory apparatus is there to make successful representations of the outside world," said Dr. Zador, who is director of the CSHL Swartz Center for Computational Neuroscience. "Sparse representations may make sensory stimuli easier to recognize and remember." Recognizing the brain's ability to distinguish "optimal stimuli" could help scientists find ways to improve how sounds are learned. Prior research has already yielded similar results when measuring sight, movement, and smell. This is the first evidence of a correlation between sparse representations and hearing.
"The goal of sensory processing is to take a signal, like a sound or a vision, from your environment and use it to drive behavior," said Dr. Zador. "The brain needs to recognize and learn about these inputs in order to survive."
PLoS Biol 6(1): e16 doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0060016
1 Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Watson School of Biological Sciences, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, United States of America, 2 Department of Physics and Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America, 3 Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, United States of America
Can People Be Too Happy?
Could the pursuit of happiness go too far? Most self-help books on the subject offer tips on how to maximize one's bliss, but a new study suggests that moderate happiness may be preferable to full-fledged elation.
The researchers, from the University of Virginia, the University of Illinois and Michigan State University, looked at data from the World Values Survey, a large-scale analysis of economic, social, political and religious influences around the world. They also analyzed the behaviors and attitudes of 193 undergraduate students at Illinois.
Their findings challenge the common assumption that all measures of well-being go up as happiness increases. While many indicators of success and well-being do correspond to higher levels of happiness, the researchers report, those at the uppermost end of the happiness scale (people who report that they are 10s on a 10-point life satisfaction score) are in some measures worse off than their slightly less elated counterparts.
To put the findings in perspective, it is important to note that happiness generally correlates with all kinds of positive measures, said Illinois psychology professor Ed Diener, an author of the study. In general, the happier you are the more successful you are in terms of money, employment and relationships.
"Happy people are more likely (than unhappy people) to get married, are more likely to stay married, are more likely to think their marriage is good," Diener said. "They're more likely to volunteer. They're more likely to be rated highly by their supervisor and they're more likely to make more money."
Happy people are also, on average, healthier than unhappy people and they live longer, Diener said. And, he said, some research indicates that happiness is a cause of these sources of good fortune, not just a result.
"But there is a caveat, and that is to say: Do you then have to be happier and happier" How happy is happy enough?"
The research team began with the prediction that mildly happy people (those who classify themselves as eights and nines on the 10-point life satisfaction scale) may be more successful in some realms than those who consider themselves 10s. This prediction was based on the idea that profoundly happy people may be less inclined to alter their behavior or adjust to external changes even when such flexibility offers an advantage.
Their analysis of World Values Survey data affirmed that prediction.
"The highest levels of income, education and political participation were reported not by the most satisfied individuals (10 on the 10-point scale)," the authors wrote, "but by moderately satisfied individuals (8 or 9 on the 10-point scale)."
The 10s earned significantly less money than the eights and nines. Their educational achievements and political engagement were also significantly lower than their moderately happy and happy-but-not-blissful counterparts.
In the more social realms, however, the 10s were the most successful, engaging more often in volunteer activities and maintaining more stable relationships.
The student study revealed a similar pattern in measures of academic and social success. In this analysis, students were categorized as unhappy, slightly happy, moderately happy, happy or very happy. Success in the categories related to academic achievement (grade-point average, class attendance) and conscientiousness increased as happiness increased, but dropped a bit for the individuals classified as very happy. In other words, the happy group outperformed even the very happy in grade-point average, attendance and conscientiousness.
Those classified as very happy scored significantly higher on things like gregariousness, close friendships, self-confidence, energy and time spent dating.
The data indicate that happiness may need to be moderated for success in some areas of life, such as income, conscientiousness and career, Diener said.
"The people in our study who are the most successful in terms of things like income are mildly happy most of the time," he said.
In an upcoming book on the science of well-being, Diener notes that being elated all the time is not always good for one's success — or even for one's health. Reviews of studies linking health and emotions show that for people who have been diagnosed with serious illnesses, being extremely happy doesn't always improve survival rates, Diener said. This may be because the elated don't worry enough about issues that can have profound implications for their ability to survive their illness, he said.
"Happy people tend to be optimistic and this might lead them to take their symptoms too lightly, seek treatment too slowly, or follow their physician's orders in a half-hearted way," he writes.
All in all, Diener said, the evidence indicates that happiness is a worthy goal for those who lack it, but the endless pursuit of even more happiness for the already happy may be counterproductive.
"If you're worried about success in life, don't be a 1, 2, 3 or 4 (on the 10-point scale)," Diener said. "If you are unhappy or only slightly happy, you may need to seek help or read those self-help books or do something to make yourself happier. But if you're a 7 or 8, maybe you're happy enough!"
Perspectives on Psychological Science December 2007 (Volume 2, Issue 4)
The Optimum Level of Well-Being: Can People Be Too Happy?
Psychologists, self-help gurus, and parents all work to make their clients, friends, and children happier. Recent research indicates that happiness is functional and generally leads to success. However, most people are already above neutral in happiness, which raises the question of whether higher levels of happiness facilitate more effective functioning than do lower levels. Our analyses of large survey data and longitudinal data show that people who experience the highest levels of happiness are the most successful in terms of close relationships and volunteer work, but that those who experience slightly lower levels of happiness are the most successful in terms of income, education, and political participation. Once people are moderately happy, the most effective level of happiness appears to depend on the specific outcomes used to define success, as well as the resources that are available.


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So about six weeks ago when Hannah became a "Preschooler" while she checked out the room I did too. I was ecstatic to see there was indeed "Block Corner" (they don't have "Dress Up Corner", but they do have a dress up box near the toy kitchen).
I also noticed the child-sized toilets AND child-sized sinks. There's a calendar, they discuss daily the weather, and the playground she has access to now...let's just say EVERY day she tells me how much she enjoys going down the various slides.
In six weeks, I have noticed she's much better at using her utensils. She can remove her shoes herself and put them in their proper place on the mat near our front door. And her language skills - she still has a few gibberish words, but now someone not used to toddler speak could easily converse with her.
At the end of summer, we took her to the Ex and she cried while she waited in line for rides. Last weekend we took her to Canada's Wonderland and she didn't cry in line once - she just asked "It's Hannah's turn?" over and over and OVER again until it was in fact her turn.
I'm so proud of all the progress she's made and how easily she adapted to her new environment. I can only hope this continues when she moves on to public school. (And OK, I secretly hope I can keep it together and NOT cry as she gets older...I balled my eyes out when she was in the infant room, I got misty-eyed when she was old enough to be in the toddler room, and for preschool I was just mostly in awe she's now old enough to be in that room and OK, slightly jealous of Block Corner).
© 2014 YYZ Bambina. All Rights Reserved.


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GEOTHEORY, a.k.a. Joseph, is an up-and-coming music producer from New York City. This 18-year-old unleashes thought-provoking music riddled with warm and nostalgic vibes. Geo was exposed to various genres growing up, branching from jungle, to old-school hip-hop, classic R&B and beyond. Some of his favorites were Garage and House, two styles that you can hear rooted in his music. Around the age of 10, he began experimenting with basic software like Mixcraft and Virtual DJ after becoming obsessed with Daft Punk. At age 14, his approach to music became more serious. "After I listened to Haywyre and Singularity on Mr. SuicideSheep I was like, 'Alright, I really need to learn the science behind what these guys do.'" He only first stepped onto the scene dynamically at age 16. Now, GEOTHEORY is making the most of his sound, whether he's kicking it with the "Flow-Fam" or The Moving Castle Crew. It's clear to see that GEOTHEORY is going above and beyond with his music.
At the early age of 16 Joseph began experimenting with new sounds and tools and left his history with Dubstep in the past. "I felt very restricted… [almost] as if I were forcing myself into something that was just not the right fit for me". He went into a bit of a hiatus from the internet and friends to focus solely on his music. The most creative period of his career so far was seen with the Futuristic Love (Album) demos in early 2014 and uploading to a secondary account that goes by the alias "Incomplete Theory". The first few singles of GEOTHEORY's career, Aphrodite & Wanna B With You, were seemly effortless overnighters for the labels responsible for the releases. Magnum Records & Surreal Records, two tightly knit record labels with family-like rosters of talented artists were the platform for GEOTHEORY to start from with his singles. Later that year, GEO went on to release the highlight song of his 2014 career, Futuristic Love. This track captured the attention of several thousand concert goers after being discovered by Soulection's own Lakim. This was "that one song" which to this day is still being discovered by 'Soundcloud Music Diggers'. Joseph continues to gust out lush synths, and energetic drops in 2015, but it's arguably a more refined and matured sound from his club hitters last year. Gaining the support and attention of huge acts like A-Trak, Pomo, Haywyre, Snakehips, and Mr. Carmack.
With that being said aside from his music, he draws a lot of inspiration from writing about love, positive energy, and qt's. So while not attending his busy life online as GEOTHEORY, Joseph escapes by hanging out with friends, playing video games, and eating… hella much, and watching astronomy documentaries. "I think it's pretty cool, yet humbling to see my name next to so many achievements and big names." he claims. "But in person, even at shows, it's hard for me to process when people tell me how much their music means to them. It's a big pill to swallow when your music touches so many people's lives. I feel like I'm playing a role almost." he explains.
It's obvious to see that GEOTHEORY is not finished with his production career yet. His recent releases, such as the "Inner Planets" EP, show that GEOTHEORY has plenty more sounds up his sleeve and will continue to impress fellow music lovers for years to come. We wish Joseph the best of luck in his future music endeavors and can't wait to see what accomplishments he can put under his belt next.


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New True Blood Season 2 Spoiler Photos
July 8, 2009 by Ollie Chong aka AdoreBill
HBO has released more True Blood Season 2 photo stills from upcoming episodes so some may see these as spoilers while others do not so it will be left to your discretion if you want to see the photos or not. However the men of True Blood: Bill (Stephen Moyer), Eric (Alexander Skarsgard), Jason (Ryan Kwanten), Sam (Sam Trammell), Lafayette (Nelsan Ellis), Terry (Todd Lowe) Hoyt (Jim Parrack) and Steve (Michael McMillian) look mighty fine as do the women: Sookie (Anna Paquin), Jessica (Deborah Ann Woll), Tara (Rutina Wesley), Arlene (Carrie Preston), Sarah (Anna Camp), Lorena (Mariana Klaveno) and Maryann (Michelle Forbes). Here is a taste of some of these photos with more in our gallery.
SOURCE: HBO Inc. via SpoilerTV credited to True-Blood.net


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Job Description
You'll work in places like theatres, holiday centres, hotels, cruise ships, community centres and clubs. You may also work at festivals, or in private homes (especially if you're a children's entertainer).
Entry Requirements
You'll need a skill or talent audiences will appreciate.
You don't need formal qualifications, but you may find it useful to have trained in music, dance or acting.
You could get paid or unpaid experience in various ways, like:
- taking part in open-mic spots or talent competitions
- working at a holiday centre or theme park
- performing in local clubs
- taking part in street performance or fringe festivals
You'll often have to pass auditions to get work.
It may help to find an agent who can market your talents.
You'll need clearance from the Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS).
Career Path and Progression
You could move into related roles like entertainment agent, talent spotter, venue management, or TV or radio presenting.
Related careers you may be interested in:
- Actor
- Choreographer
- Circus performer
- Classical musician
- Croupier
National Government Policy states that all students should have achieved at least a Grade 4 or C Grade in English & Maths at GCSE. Achieving this minimum grade in these subjects will increase the opportunities open to you, support your future career development and prospects.
Students who do not meet this standard will be supported to continue to study English and Maths through full-time education or an Apprenticeship.
Required Skills
- A friendly
- outgoing personality
- patience
- organised
- reliable
- punctual
- energetic
- determined to succeed
- able to adapt what you do to suit the age of the children you are entertaining
- self motivated
- hardworking


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Registered candidates will receive good pre-seminar material by e-mail to start preparation. Pre-seminar material includes: suggested plan to study, important chapters to read and much more important material which is a good study guide (for use prior to and after seminar). Presentation material and additional handouts will be given to during the seminar. The Focussed Consulting seminar will have your confidence level greatly improved after the seminar (based on past participants feed back).
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Stephanie Contomichalos is a sports enthusiast. She is an avid crossfitter, wakeboarder and has recently qualified as a Level 1 CrossFit coach. She is also an advocate for women's sport and for using sport as a tool for development. She is currently living in Athens, Greece.
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I just came from the sprawling greenery of the Pacific Northwest and the hilly deserts of Southern California…Chiang Mai is cramped. I've been having feelings of claustrophobia lately, and needed healthy doses of green and silence. My friend Michelle told me about a little Wat up in the woods above Chiang Mai, partway up the hiking trail to Doi Suteph. A little trek outside sounds perfect.
I step off my motorbike and onto the trail. Five steps. Its so quiet out here. Ten steps. Lush and green, just what I needed. Fifteen steps. "Rawang!" Five men on dirt bikes whiz past me. So much for a quiet escape from the noise of the city. They make it about 30 feet ahead of me before they get stopped by some logs. I walk past the men struggling to lift their 300 pound bikes up the hill, and head deeper into the forest and higher up the hill. I walk for about two minutes before I'm completely drenched in my own sweat. Why does the humidity keep surprising me?
As I hiked higher up the mountain, I started to see saffron fabric tied around trees. It started with just a few, but soon I couldn't look in any direction without seeing saffron. I was later told that these trees were blessed, and the saffron would keep them from being cut down. Being surrounded by saffron draped trees made me feel as though some other-worldly presence was surrounding me as I hiked higher. That presence soon materialized when the dirt bikers tore past me, but they were again stopped. This time by a section of steep rocks. I had a big grin on my face as I strolled past their mountain-conquering machines for the second time.
This game of leap frog went for about two more rounds before I reached the wat, leaving them behind to overcome a small log crossing over a tiny stream. My sandals handled all of these obstacles juuuuust fine. I'm glad I beat them to it so I could wander around the beautiful setting without the whirring of motors. The wat is perched atop a section of rocks and a waterfall. Its definitely one of the most picturesque places in Chiang Mai. There are images of the Buddha everywhere. In the cliffs on the other side of the stream are stone monks forever meditating in a small cave. There are sections of ancient temple still standing, along with a more recently constructed wat. I sat next to a few monks who were praying inside the wat. I was praying that my torrent of sweat would stop in the near future.
It was just me, one Thai family praying, the monks, a waterfall, green forest, and a sweeping view of Chiang Mai far below me. A much needed separation from city life. That is, until I wandered around a corner to find a newer-looking glass building. And next to the glass building: a road leading up from the city to a parking lot behind the wat, which was filled with Mercedes and motorcycles. All that is missing is an escalator up to the wat. My assumption that the only way to reach the temple was by walking up a forest path: paved over. Inside the glass building was a meditation workshop with many farang and a few Thai. Oh well, I shouldn't have come with so many expectations…it still is a very serene place.
I made my way over to a prayer platform, raised up in the trees above the path. The tinkling of prayer bells and the view were the only things on my mind, but the dirt bikers quickly changed that. As they rumbled up the path, several monks poured out of the wat. The two groups met on the path in front of me and argued in Thai for a little bit. The bikers were eventually sent back down the hill. I'm not sure why they thought they would be able to ride up and do donuts around the Buddha, but they seemed pretty disappointed. As they left, one monk came and sat down next to me. So far, I had been trying really hard to ignore the several mars made to the picture I had painted in my mind of a peaceful Buddhist mountain temple, but this was too much. All I could do was laugh. I really did come into this hike with too many expectations. Suddenly I felt much more ridiculous than the monk with the tattoo of Pikachu holding a Jaeggermeister bottle, who sat next to me and enjoyed same view.


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Calorific value (CV)
On this page you will find details of how the calorific value (CV) of gas is calculated. We use CV to determine the amount of energy transported by shippers and suppliers, which in turn is used to bill gas consumers.
Calorific value (CV) is a measure of heating power and is dependent upon the composition of the gas. The CV refers to the amount of energy released when a known volume of gas is completely combusted under specified conditions. The CV of gas, which is dry, gross and measured at standard conditions of temperature (15oC) and pressure (1013.25 millibars), is usually quoted in megajoules per cubic metre (MJ/m3). Gas passing through our pipeline system has a CV of 37.5 MJ/m3 to 43.0 MJ/m3.
Importance of CV
Knowledge of the CV of natural gas is an essential part of our day-to-day activities, as this information is used to determine the amount of energy we transport. CV information is provided daily to gas shippers and suppliers, which is then used to bill gas consumers. We also use this data to determine transportation charges for gas shippers and suppliers.
Measuring CV
The CV of natural gas is measured continually, using process gas chromatographs. Process gas chromatographs separate natural gas into its constituent compounds (i.e. methane, ethane, carbon dioxide, etc.) and measures the amount of each in the gas. The physical characteristics of each component, as defined by ISO 6976, are programmed into the chromatograph and an overall CV is derived from the measured composition.
The determination of the CV of gas is carried out in accordance with international standards and the Gas (Calculation of Thermal Energy) Regulations, as amended in 1997. These regulations stipulate when and where the CV of gas is measured and the type of instrument to be used. The regulations are enforced by Ofgem, who also perform audit checks on the primary data.
The calorific value of natural gas is measured at reception terminals and other locations on our pipeline system. At present, the CV of gas is measured at over 110 different locations in the UK mainland.
Calculating thermal energy
The amount of energy consumed by a customer is calculated using the formula below. The United Kingdom mainland has been subdivided into thirteen charging areas. We provide a daily CV average for each charging area to the gas shippers and suppliers. It's calculated as follows.
The volumes of all inputs into the charging area are measured daily and a daily CV average determined for each input. The daily CV average for the charging area is then calculated by summing the product of the CV and volume for all the inputs and dividing by the total volume of gas entering the charging area.
CV = (38.2 x 6) + (40.2 x 1) + (39.6 x 3) (total energy) / (6 + 1 + 3) (total volume)
The maximum daily CV average for the charging area permitted by the regulations is equal to 1.0 MJ/m³ above the lowest measured daily CV average of the inputs into the charging area. All domestic customers and most industrial customers are billed on the basis of the daily CV averages for the charging area in which their premises are situated and are applied to the volume of gas consumed. Some very large consumers of gas (e.g. gas fired power stations) have CV measuring apparatus installed on the pipeline leading to their premises, allowing full accounting for the energy delivered.
Scottish independents
In addition to the thirteen charging areas, there are a small number of communities in Scotland with isolated pipeline systems, including Stornoway which receives liquid petroleum gas (LPG), where the billing CV is based on a declared CV, which is set in advance. We ensure that the average CV of gas supplied to these consumers is never less than the declared value.
CV data
You can view or download CV information relating to charging zones from the Report Explorer and Data Item Explorer.
Further help
To find out which charging zone you belong to visit the Xoserve website and select 'Postcode exit zone data' under 'Other'.


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Exceptional Spa Party Experience.
Looking for a place to organize an event with friends, family or a wedding party? We feature all the amenities you need to host an unforgettable private party.
Your private spa party here at The Spa includes cocktails, a private room and the spa treatment(s) of your choice. You may also book our outdoor cabana area for an additional $100.
Private Spa Party Packages
- Six Guests: $450/Hour
- Eight Guests: $600/Hour
- Ten Guests: $750/Hour
- Twelve Guests: $900/Hour
Your guests can choose between our one-hour massage, facial, mani/pedi combo, Signature Manicure or Signature Pedicure. Additionally, your private spa party receives unlimited red and white wine, a variety of juices and a coffee drink of your choice.
Your party can purchase an assortment of gourmet hors d'oeuvres:
- Hummus and pita
- premium fruit and cheese
- nut, honey and banana wraps
- avocado delight wraps
A small tray that feeds 6-8 guests costs $60, while a large tray that feeds 8-12 guests costs $100.
Booking Your Private Spa Escape
Private party reservations are subject to availability. Please book well in advance around holidays and special events because our services fill up fast. Contact us for more information or to book your private party today!
Parties with four guests or more must be booked as private party. For larger private spa parties, please contact us to inquire. All private spa parties must be pre-paid and include an 18% gratuity surcharge.


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Dental Examinations
Dr. Trent Young recommends a dental exam every six months to ensure optimal oral health. This exam is usually completed during regular cleaning appointments. During your dental exam, we take digital x-rays to help us in our diagnosis of any oral issues that might not be visible to the naked eye.
Periodontal Therapy
A dental exam includes evaluation for decay, sensitive teeth, broken teeth or fillings, gum disease, orthodontic evaluation and oral cancer screening.
How to Prevent Gum Disease?
Trent Young, DDS
Quick Links
Contact Us
Dr. Trent Young
phone: (503) 363-0292
fax: (503) 363-2966
1257 Wallace Rd. NW
Salem, OR 97304-3007


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Surgeons in Mumbai, India, removed 232 teeth from the mouth of teenager Ashik Gavai, and it may just be a world record.
Gavai, 17, went to JJ Hospital Monday with a swollen right jaw, reports Agence France-Presse. Doctors found that the youth had complex odontoma, a condition in which "the various odontogenic tissues appear in a haphazard arrangement that bears no resemblance to teeth."
SHOCKING: Mumbai'yil Ashik Gavai Enum 17 Age ilainjarin Vaaykkul 232 Patkal Meetpu. #WorldRecord. Photos, Viparam>> pic.twitter.com/cU3KOwozyl
— Sri Lanka News 1st Ⓡ (@srilankanews1st) July 24, 2014
"We operated on Monday and it took us almost seven hours. We thought it may be a simple surgery, but once we opened it there were multiple pearl-like teeth inside the jaw bone," head of dentistry Sunanda Dhivare-Palwankar told AFP. "I think it could be a world record."
Dhivare-Palwankar said the most teeth ever before surgically extracted from a jawbone was 37, according to medical records. She said her team of doctors removed 232 from the 17-year-old's mouth. Most adults have 32 teeth in total.
Doctors hve extracted 232 teeth frm the mouth of 17year ashik gavai in a 7 hr operation(complex composite odontoma) pic.twitter.com/t6taXvvlhe
— ASEEM SHAIKH (@aseemshaikh) July 24, 2014
The doctor added she had "not seen anything like it before in my 30-year career" and the dentistry department at JJ Hospital plans to speak with Guinness World Records about the case.
Suresh Gavai, Ashik's father, said they sought medical help Monday and wound up at the hospital. The BBC reported Gavai had been suffering for 18 months at home in his village in western India.
"I was worried that it may turn out to be cancer so I brought him to Mumbai," Gavai told the Mumbai Mirror.
Doctors said they found a large "marble-like" structure inside the boy's jawbone and had to "chisel out" and remove the teeth in fragments. Dhivare-Palwankar said the operation was successful and Gavai's jawbone should heal without any deformities.


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In the world of martial arts Dojo is a common word and is usually seen as the place where you train. However, in Japanese the term Dojo is literally translated as "place of the way", or a place of the path you chose to follow. In the past, Dojos were annexed to temples and were mainly being used as meditation rooms.
A Dojo is a place where you go to find enlightenment or connect with your inner self via training in a certain field, regarding we are speaking about Karate, Aikido or dancing for example.
Dojo does not makes reference to a certain "structure", but rather to a place where we are practicing to improve ourselves or to find enlightenment. If we will broaden the meaning instead of narrowing it down every place can be a Dojo. The home where you live, your garage or even the street can be a Dojo, as long as we train or meditate about something we want to improve.
Entering the Dojo means passing into another world where principles as "Tsuki no kokoro" (Spirit of the moon) have a special meaning and Bushido code must by our daily guide.
Most of the traditional Dojos follow a certain pattern being organized by their front and back axle (Kamiza-Shimoza) and the two sides (Joseki-Shimoseki). Each place in the room has its own significance.
The terms described below do not define the walls of a room, but the space bounded by practical sides of each Dojo.
The place of honor (or place of the gods). On this side it is generally found a portrait of the grandmaster (founder of the style), the emblem of the Dojo, flower arrangement (ikebana), Dojo Kun or even a Shinto shrine (神道). During the ceremonial greeting at the beginning and the end of the lesson, the instructor and the students face to Kamiza and they show respect for ancestors, to masters who are no longer alive.
Shimo term is another way of reading the Shita ideogram and it means below or lower. This is the part of the Dojo reserved for students bowing at the beginning and end of the class, being as well used for explanations and demonstrations.
Literally translated as top seat. Another way of reading it translates as above, upper or best quality. It is located to the right of Kamiza, this place being reserved for guests and higher grades. During bowing at the beginning and at the end of the class, students line up on Shimoza leaving the places closer to Joseki free for the Sempai and higher grades.
Literally translated as the lower seat this is situated in the left of Kamiza. Is the less important space in the Dojo and is reserved for lower grades during line up bows.
Hombu Dojo
The Hombu Dojo is the main training hall of a particular martial arts school. The Hombu Dojo also servers as an administrative center, being the headquarter of the organization and the place were all the afiliate clubs and ranks are registered.
Some of the most popular Dojo in Japan are the following:
- Kudokan – the headquarters of the worldwide Judo community. Kudokan Institute or a place for the study of the way was founded in 1882 by Jigaro Kano who is also the founder of Judo.
- Aikikai Hombu Dojo – found around 1940 my Morihei Ueshiba is the headquarter of the Aikido international federation
- Noma Dojo – build in 1925, his Kendo main Dojo was demolished in 2007 and replaced with a new one.
- Heya Doho – headquarters of Japan Sumo association.


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CRM-FREE Features
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In any system you use it is vitally important to know what was said and what was done, by who... and when. Making sure whoever needs access to that info can get it quickly while restricting access to areas or contacts they shouldn't see. CRM FREE makes that easy. Group contacts together, assign users or groups of users to contacts. Complete with calendars to keep track of what needs to be done and when.
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Studio City / Valley Village
5224 Laurel Canyon Blvd.
Valley Village, CA 91607
Phone: (818) 762-7501
Fax: (818) 762-7502
Postcards are effective yet affordable targeted marketing pieces that quickly convey key messages and offers to key prospects and customers. Whether you want to advertise a promotion, deliver an announcement, say thank you or simply promote your brand, we can help you design and create a memorable postcard that will land right in the hands of the people you want to reach. If you want to take your marketing to the next level, consider including a promotional product with your next mailing or printing with variable data.


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In 2017, Jim and Patrick represented the senior management team of an international technology company in connection with a $1 billion private equity transaction. In addition to negotiating favorable compensation and equity agreements, Jim and Patrick also provided strategic advice regarding corporate structure issues impacting senior management's control and influence post-closing.
In 2017, Katherine and Patrick successfully represented 14 members of a senior management team of a publicly traded company in connection with an acquisition triggering rights under a "Change of Control" agreement.
In 2017 and 2018, Jim and Barbara successfully represented several Chief Executive Officers and other C-Level executives of publicly-traded and privately held companies in their employment and severance negotiations, involving matters at multiple seven- and eight-figure levels.
In 2015, Barbara was selected as a Fellow of the Litigation Counsel of America, a highly selective honorary society composed of less than one-half of one percent of American lawyers who are selected based upon their superior litigation and ethical reputations.
Jim, Katherine and Barbara were selected by their peers for inclusion in the 2017 and 2018 Edition of The Best Lawyers in America.
In May 2015, Patrick was named among the Excellence in the Law Honorees by Massachusetts Lawyers Weekly.
For over ten years in a row, Jim, Katherine and Barbara were named to the Thomson Reuters/Boston Magazine's New England Super Lawyers list. For the sixth time, Katherine was also listed among the Top 50 Female Lawyers in Massachusetts.
In 2014, Best Lawyers named Katherine as a 2015 "Lawyer of the Year" based on the high esteem in which she is held by her colleagues.


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Knife sharpening & maintenance
Bark River Sharpening: strop whenever, wherever!
Bark River is not only an expert when it comes to producing amazing knives, they also know how to sharpen these tools as well. With the Bark River strops and compouds you can polish your knives to make sure they are razor-sharp, but also shine like never before. So, are you a knife enthusiast, hiker or hunter and looking to strop the edge of your knife no matter where you are? If so the Bark River Sharpening strop and compound set is indispensable.
Amongst the real Bark River fans this set is incredibly popular and praised. And, to be frank: we wholeheartedly agree! Not only are the strops of an exceptionally good quality, thanks to their practical size they are also perfect to strop your knife on the road.
Bark River offers three compounds which you can use in combination with your strop. You start with the black and green compound. These have a coarser, more aggressive grain, respectively about grain 3000 and 6000. The white compound is meant for the famous finishing touch. It has a fine grain - we suspect it to be around 12000 - and is perfect to remove the burr from the edge after sharpening.
Bark River in a nutshell
As the expert might know Bark River is known for its stunning knives. Bark River Knives are standardly enhanced with a convex edge. This means that the side of the blade almost fluently transitions into the sharp edge. Founders Mike and Lesley Stewart - also real knife freaks - stand for consistent quality and a sublime finish. And you can definitely see that when you look at the materials used for the Bark River knives.


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Our advisory services are the most effective way D. Brown Management can help your business grow. We work hands-on with a very select portfolio of Contractors across the country delivering consistent improvements. Our advisory consultants work in partnership with your team to grow the business profitably over time based on a jointly developed roadmap.
We spend significant resources vetting potential advisory clients to ensure that there will be a good fit. This vetting process ensures that goals from all parties will be achieved.
Advisory clients receive a number of premium benefits including:
When we engage with an advisory client we start by ensuring that there is alignment with our Operating Philosophies. Then we work together with the potential client to jointly develop a roadmap, which is typically the result of one or more structured Assessments. The roadmap is typically organized around one or more of our Practice Areas and may include Agile Development and / or Special Projects.
Nothing will have a more positive impact on a contractor's business than having a strong pipeline of quality work coming in. Improve your entire work acquisition process from relationship building through accurate estimating.
Aggressive business development backed by conservative operations creates a highly scalable and profitable contractor. We have deep expertise improving operations and our approach relies heavily on tracking performance metrics.
Great financial teams provide feedback that contractors use to manage their businesses and control risk. Our philosophy is that finance should extend upstream measuring the business development activities all the way through tracking field productivity.
Construction is a people-centric business from the crafts people doing the hands-on construction to the many relationships that help turn a concept into a project. Turning your construction business into a talent magnet guarantees profitable growth.
Leveraged correctly technology has the ability to dramatically lower costs and improve information flow for contractors. We know that technology is never the full solution; our team works first to streamline the workflow before adding technology to the mix.


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Garden & Park high quality belts developed explicitly for garden and park maintenance equipment. They offer challenges posed...tough demands, shock loads, high temperatures, reversed bending stresses and exposure to oil and dust.


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Cleansing the Soul, Corporal punishment, Jack Hammersley, Shame on the Vatican, Shoes of the Fisherman, Tears of the Soul, The doctrine of pain
Crying was for sissy boys when I was young.
I never did it only on my own. No-one ever saw me cry.
I would just go fishing then and my tears got lost along the banks of the river Liffey in Ireland where I grew up.
You see tears are like liquid threads from your soul; they touch out to rivers and lakes where they can be at one. And when that happens you feel good again.
At my Catholic college when I was fourteen I admit I did bad things to the teachers.
I baited them, I took baby rats that were friends of mine and let them out in class and newborn rabbits that they had never seen; and frogs that also got me into trouble.
I used a fishing line and stretched it out between the aisles of the desks in class so that the priest, the Latin teacher would trip over; and then quickly reeled it in again. I hated Latin classes, and they hated me.
They got me back the priests. You could even say they conspired against me when they had their lunches with roast beef and Holy wine, and afterwards for dessert mille-feuille with chocolate sauce the buggers.
So every other afternoon after class I had to be beaten; to save my soul. This act was done with much relish by a young priest in his robes with a bulge between his legs; a rope belt around his waist and sandals on his feet enclosing white socks. He made me want to puke all over him.
A bamboo cane about four foot long. I had to put my hands out to receive the lashes. Six on each hand.
The blows cut into my already bleeding hands and landed on the same wounds from the day before. I screamed inside of me but never let him know. I would not give him that satisfaction.
The canings went on for weeks until my hands were so swollen that I could not write in class anymore, and I would hide them from my classmates and from my family when I got home.
I did not care about the pain, and I never stopped giving the priests a hard time; I would just start again the next day.
I got into the College church tower one afternoon and rang the bells by swinging on them; a fifty-foot drop below. I shouted, "God bless you all when you go to Hell because He and I will never forgive you bunch of feckers, so you can all go and piss in the wind like I am doing to you now."
But eventually, I realised that my left hand had blown up to the size of a melon and was useless. I had to admit my faults to my father and see what could be done.
Off to hospital where they found I had a dislocated and fractured thumb. The priest had decided that there was nowhere else to hit me on my palms and went for my wrists instead.
I lost my faith then in religion forever. They taught me that they only hurt and that destroyed my soul.
I hope he enjoyed his sadistic pleasures sanctioned by Holy Rome for centuries past.
I hope that his conscience will recover one day but I doubt that very much. My left hand and my soul have not.
And I have never given up defying the priests. I still ring their bells every day in my mind; injustice and cruelty are never forgotten no matter that it is done in the name of the Lord.


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The U.S. and Russia have both detonated nuclear weapons at high altitudes and in space before. During these tests, they realized that the explosions produced an electromagnetic pulse, or EMP, that was capable of both destroying satellites and disrupting electronic communications on Earth. In 1962, the Starfish Prime test set off about 100 burglar alarms on the Hawaiian island of Oahu and shut down a telephone system in Kauai. Larger detonations could theoretically disable an entire country's electric grid.
Key Facts In This Video
A nuclear blast that occurs in space can set off a high-altitude electromagnetic pulse, or EMP. 00:16
In 1958, the USSR called for a ban on high-altitude nuclear testing, but the ban was overturned in 1961. 02:10
When the Starfish Prime hydrogen bomb was detonated at high altitude, it set off burglar alarms in Hawaii, which was more than 620 miles (1,000 km) away. 02:36
Written by Curiosity Staff February 11, 2016
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