text:
From Hierarchical orders to Free Organizations
by Charles Davies
Chapter 3 from A Question of Conscience Hodder & Stoughton, 1967 pg 198-209
IF we ask why the Church is at variance with the freedom demanded by modern men for their personal and social development and adopts an attitude that prizes heteronomy above autonomy, we must turn to the second point I have listed for consideration: the implications of the self-understanding of modern men for the manner in which they order their social existence. After all, there is no intrinsic incompatibility between the concept of man as a freely self-constituting person and the Christian message. Christianity announces the liberation of man. That Christians look to Christ and the Spirit for the achievement of that liberation can hardly be interpreted as a denial of human freedom itself. It should be seen rather as its enhancement-and as the disclosure of the source of the effectual realization of the personal and social development for which men are striving. No, the clash is not with the teaching of Christ but with the obsolete structure of the Church.
Corresponding to the shift from the concept of a fixed human nature to that of a freely self-constituting person, there is the social change from fixed hierarchical orders in a dosed situation to freely created organizations in an open situation.(1)
Fixed orders in hierarchy were typical of society when men worked with the concept of a fixed human nature. Notice in passing that it is significant that the word "hierarchy" is used outside the strictly ecclesiastical sphere when it is a question of rigid graded orders. The usage indicates the link between the insistence upon static social classes and functions and an archaic, sacral view of society and the world. Fixed, hierarchically arranged orders, permanently dividing men according to class and function, were regarded as given and preformed in the same way as human nature was understood as a static reality, given and complete, with its limits already definitively formulated. They preceded the exercise of men's freedom. They were not the result of personal choice or the expression of meaning freely they were part of an established system, usually presented as divinely sanctioned.
Each man belonged to an order, determining his place in society and in the hierarchically arranged cosmos. His order embraced a man totally in the sense of forming the total, limiting framework of his life. He had his place, whether high or low, in the general structure of society and the world, and was expected to keep it. A man was good when he submitted willingly and without objection to his predetermined place in the divinely sanctioned state of things. His protection against oppressors was that the higher as well as the lower orders, rulers as well as subjects, had their rights limited and their duties allotted to them in the general hierarchical scheme. But while men might strive for their rights against unjust oppressors, they were not entitled to work in freedom to build a new and different structure of society. The hierarchical structure was given; it was not considered as the changeable product of the common activity of freely selfconstituting persons.
Hence, men lived in a closed situation. The structures in which they were placed were resistant to change. There was not a general mobility nor a wide range for the exercise of their freedom, whether individually or socially.
Although that last statement is true, I am in general describing a theory of society and the world, not giving an account of the concrete reality of past societies. Just as the concept of a fixed human nature never adequately expressed the concrete reality of man, so also the hierarchical view of society was never fully in accord with the actual reality of society. The so-called divinely sanctioned structure was in fact the result of human decision and compromise, and society was always more mobile than the theory allowed. Nevertheless, the shift in man's self-understanding, with the consequent rejection of fixed hierarchical orders, has liberated society from the cramping effects of the attempted imposition of an unalterable structure and has opened the way to rapid social change. A development of consciousness inevitably had great repercussions upon the manner in which men ordered their social existence. The new consciousness is in fact the death warrant of all fixed hierarchical orders. It has already seen the death of Christendom and is now steadily bringing about the disintegration of the Church in its present form.
Modern society is built upon a structural principle different from the acceptance of fixed orders in hierarchy. The typical feature of modern society is the freely created organization. What has now been established is a technological-organizational state of life for man.
Organizations as distinct from fixed orders are the product of man's freely creative intelligence. They are not given and preformed, but made by men and explicitly acknowledged as such. This gives them definite characteristics which must be examined.
Every organization is limited in its scope and validity. It is concerned only with a particular, limited aspect of man's life and does not, or should not, claim to embrace him totally. Again, it is relative in value and essentially changeable; it should not claim any permanent validity.
To consider first the limited scope of every organization. Organizations are the product of man's intelligence. They therefore reflect the way that intelligence works.
In trying to understand complex data, man isolates particular features, aspects, objects or relations and, having grasped these in distinct concepts, proceeds to systematize his conceptual knowledge. Further, his aim is to relate the particular features or objects to one another, while prescinding as far as possible from himself as the observer or subject. He has to allow for the personal equation, but he does so in order to eliminate the subjective factor from the objectified result. In other words, abstraction in the sense of the distinguishing and isolating of particular aspects and objectification or the prescinding from the subject are typical of the working of man's intelligence.
Man's practical, organizing intelligence works in a similar fashion. Particular features, relations or aims are distinguished, isolated and dealt with separately. Hence any one organization is concerned with a limited feature of man's social existence and has a restricted purpose. This is the reason for the very great number of organizations in modern society and the increasing organizational complexity of the modern world. Again, the tendency is to objectify problems and relationships. In relation to a particular organization for a particular purpose, the person is not considered in his total reality, but as an objectified instance of a particular problem or relationship. Thus, a person becomes a case for legal advice, for a surgical operation, for taxation, for housing, for a driving test, and so on. Organizations are based upon objectified relationships. Taken separately, they prescind from the total reality of the persons they relate. This is what makes organizations seem impersonal.
Modern technological-organizational society has long been subjected to negative criticism, a criticism that seizes in particular upon its impersonality. But a merely negative criticism is worse than useless. There is no point in indulging in nostalgia for a past rural society, especially if that is idealized in retrospect. The organized, urban society of today reflects an advance in man's social consciousness. As concretely realized it has many defects. But the approach should be positively to appreciate the principles that underlie it, to learn how to live within it and to work to ameliorate it. Despite its defects, it has widened the opportunities for personal and social expansion. It is the social counterpart of the change in man's self understanding.
What can at once be remarked is that the change to freely created organizations is a liberation of men from fixed and preformed hierarchical orders. Men are now able by their intelligence and free decision to organize their social existence as they see fit. Since men must do this together, individuals have to work with others to achieve their social aims. They have to make their contribution to social thought and criticism and engage in political and social activity to give effect to their ideas. All the same, behind the present development of organized society is the acknowledgment that social structures are not given and unchangeable; they are the product of man's organizing intelligence and the exercise of his freedom. The freer men are from the bonds of fixed, preformed orders, the more they can become themselves.
The limited scope of every organization, with the impersonal character this gives it, should also be seen as the liberation of the individual from imposed and preformed relationships. An individual's personal life is now more his own, and his deeper and more personal relationships a matter of free choice. It may sound attractive that the doctor should be the family friend, but it can also be an intrusion. Many prefer to get medical attention without extending the relationship with the doctor to friendship, unless they deliberately choose to do so. Likewise, one may expatiate romantically about the friendliness of the village shop, but it is a restriction upon one's liberty and privacy to be unable to buy goods without entering into a discussion with the shopkeeper about the details of one's personal life.
We live in fact in a world of differentiated relationships. Necessary relationships are objectified, limited to their particular purpose and kept within those limits. And even in regard to such necessary, limited relationships, those who live in cities will usually have a measure of choice. However, more important, by the limiting and objectifying of necessary relationships, people as persons are freed from imposed personal relationships. They are able to commit and involve themselves as persons according to their own free choice. A village community may seem to be a richer and more human form of society than the city with the anonymity with which it surrounds its inhabitants. It is, I suggest, less human, because it encloses men in a set of pre-determined relationships. To have one's life thus enclosed and pre-shaped for one may provide a ready-made emotional security. Not everyone is prepared to meet the demands of freedom. But the absence of free choice, with the consequent inability to shape one's own life, often leads to personal relationships that remain comparatively superficial. Further, when the imposed relationships work out unhappily, the enclosed, preformed community can be sheer hell for a particular individual. The anonymity of the city and the general possibility of limiting the numerous, necessary relationships of social existence to their particular purpose leave men free to shape their own lives and commit themselves as persons by a truly free decision.
The deliberate limiting of many relationships within modern, organized society gives them an impersonal character, because they do not embrace the total reality of the persons involved. But this impersonality need not become in any way anti-personal. The conscious recognition that the particular relationship is limited should mean an awareness and respect for the undisclosed reality of the other person. It is where the limitation of the relationship is forgotten that the person is violated by its impersonality and treated as a mere object. A surgeon or lawyer or administrator who limits his relationship to his clients to what professionally concerns him is respecting not denying their integrity as persons. Only if he forgets that his relationship with them is limited and does not embrace their total reality as persons will he be guilty of treating them as mere objects for his professional skill. The bureaucrat is not wrong in limiting his attention to what concerns his administrative function. Where he often errs is in failing to recognize that he is dealing with only a very limited aspect of the reality and lives of the people who come under his administration. He reduces their reality to his administrative concern, instead of remaining conscious that it extends well beyond it.
As Harvey Cox has pointed out, we need a middle form of relationship between the I-Thou relationship of deep personal commitment and the I-It relationship that reduces persons to the status of things or mere objects. He suggests that we call it an I-You relationship, which is a limited relationship, but one where there remains an awareness and respect for the reality of the other person (2)
What, then, emerges from the consideration of the limited scope of every organization is the essential need to recognize and constantly remember that limitation. Where the limitation is not recognized, the organization becomes destructive of persons, because it reduces their reality within its own narrow limits. Where it is recognized, the differentiation of social existence into numerous limited relationships frees men to shape their own lives. The multiplication of organizations prevents men from being enclosed in a single all-embracing fixed order; none of the organizations can lay claim to the total reality of a person or presume to control his whole life. And each person remains free in regard to his deeper commitments and more personal relationships.
This brings me to the second characteristic I mentioned of organizations, namely that they are relative in value and essentially changeable.
The structural principle behind organizations is the creative intelligence of man. Organized society, therefore, must be placed in the context of the developing intelligence of man; it participates in the open dynamism of human intelligence. Modern society is essentially changeable because it is the expression of man's becoming. Behind that becoming lies man's restless, questioning intellect and his striving for greater freedom. As men engage in the process of making themselves and their world, they meet new problems and find new solutions to old problems. Socially man's becoming is expressed by the creation of new organizations and the leaving aside of old organizations, by the increasing differentiation of organizations as social needs and aims are more clearly defined and distinguished. Truth, I have said, becomes prejudice when it is taken out of the context of man's questioning mind. Likewise, if organizations are removed from the creativity of man's developing intelligence and made absolute and unchangeable, they cease to express and embody man's becoming and harden into irrational restrictions upon his intelligence and freedom. Organizations must remain open to change. They must be regarded as relative in value and without permanent validity. Otherwise, they are divorced from their structural principle: the creative intelligence of man. Instead of being the expression of the reality of man in his intelligent and free becoming, they block his development and imprison his humanity. It is when they refuse to change that organizations become inhuman and destructive of persons.
Thus, modern men live in a world that is immensely complex, but always changing. They experience the world as a succession of perpetually new situations. For that reason, they are or should be iconoclastic towards all organizations. Organizations should be open-ended. They should never become fixed in what they are, but remain constantly ready for change. There should always be the opportunity for improvisation, leading to new forms of expressing the reality of man and his becoming.
In a world that is in principle open to constant change what is man's relationship to the past ? Well, man in his becoming depends upon the past. A continuity with the past should be acknowledged in human development, both individual and social. For a person to repress and refuse to accept his own past is psychologically harmful and hampers his very development. To ignore the social past and think that every generation begins afresh is to destroy the possibility of historical development, in which each generation builds upon the work of previous generations. It is also to take away the meaning of education, the purpose of which is to bring each person to the point already reached in human development.
However, there is room for a distinction in viewing the past. There is the past that remains past in the sense that it is no longer relevant or meaningful for us. And there is the past that becomes present in so far as it is constitutive of our present being and thus meaningful for us. Now, we appropriate the past and make it living and meaningful only in as much as we look to the future; in other words, only in as much as we place it in the context of man's becoming. The past is falsified when it is made absolute, because this destroys its very authenticity as a past embodiment of man's reality. It is when we recognize it, not as an unhistorical absolute, but a past expression of man's historical being, that we can render it relevant and meaningful.
To return to my main theme.
The bearing of the remarks about the change from fixed hierarchical orders to freely created organizations is that men, both individually and socially, now live in an open situation.
By this I mean that their lives are not enclosed and shaped for them by the imposition of preformed relationships and restriction within fixed, unchangeable social structures.
The organizational complexity of modern society creates a variety of choice for the individual. Organizations in principle are freely joined and from them men can freely withdraw. Many factors, notably economic necessity, still unjustly restrict men's effective freedom in this respect. Again, social necessity justly limits the individual's freedom of choice. But the principle of the greatest possible freedom should be recognized. Even the modern, organized nation, granted many present restrictions, is freely joined by naturalization or freely left by emigration. Within the nation, men have a fair range of choice in deciding their social function and planning their general social existence.
Further, the limited character of organizations leaves men free to form their own deeper personal relationships and thus shape their own personal and social life. Whereas in an hierarchical society a man was good if he submitted willingly to the order in which he was placed and which totally embraced his life, where a man today forgets the limited function of any organization and submits himself and others totally to it, he disfigures his and their reality as persons. The extreme instance of this is the totalitarian State. Lesser instances are the organization man, who identifies himself with the organization for which he works, and the bureaucrat, who reduces people to numbers in a file. Only if the limited function and relative value of organizations are recognized, will modern organized society be preserved from inhumanity. Organizations cannot embrace the total reality of men as persons. They are but partial expressions of the rich and changing human reality.
Moreover, as I have said, organized society is a changing society, reflecting the open dynamism of man's creative intelligence. Not only individually, but also socially, men are now in an open situation, where all social structures are subject to constant change.
The open situation in which men are now placed has created the modern problem of loneliness. Not all are mature enough to embrace the freedom to shape their own personal and social life and exist stripped of preformed relationships. In the anonymity created by the city they remain lonely, cut off from social intercourse. Then there are social groups at an unfair disadvantage in modern society, deprived of reasonable social opportunities and unable to share fully in social life. The problems caused by modern society call for love towards those damaged and an active concern to eliminate the defects. But the problems cannot be met by attempting to return to an earlier state of society, but by trying to better the present, imperfect achievement.
However, this leads us to seek a deeper basis for modern society.
Technological-organizational society will become truly human only when it is
the expression of a common world of meaning and of an universal fellowship
among men.
Freely created organizations have meaning. They are the work of men in freely creating and embodying meaning in the world around them and thus forming and developing the properly human world. In that sense organizations are never neutral. They are like language. They embody and communicate meaning, and through them meaning is created and unfolded. A programme, therefore, of modernizing society, understood as its more efficient reorganization, while ignoring meaning and treating organizations as neutral, is strictly nonsensical. It merely implies that one is the victim of unacknowledged ideology. A reorganization of society cannot be separated from its renewal, which demands the conscious fostering and development of a common world of meaning, thought out and critically examined. Organizations should be subordinate to that common world of meaning, each expressing some feature, aspect or relationship belonging to it. Men must work freely together to create the world of human meaning; organizations are the language they use.
But it would be a mistake to suppose that a common world of meaning requires embodiment in a single, over-arching organization. That is untrue. Any attempt to bring the common world of meaning within the boundaries of an all-embracing super-organization would be a disastrous failure to recognize the open, changing reality of man and the ceaseless activity of his intelligence and freedom It would be to create a vast prison for mankind. No, the understanding that men are self-constituting persons, involved in an individual and social becoming, leads to the conclusion that their common world of meaning can be expressed and embodied only in a great variety of changing and changeable organizations. Each organization, even if worldwide, will be limited in function. Men will be imprisoned in none, but will remain in an open situation. The present age is not an age of poverty of meaning, but of richness of meaning. Even were a common world of meaning achieved, which it is not as yet, many organizations would be needed to express its complex richness and open dynamism. And to attempt at present to establish a total organization would be to frustrate the process that could lead to such an achievement.
To say that underlying the development of modern society with its freely created organizations should be the creation and development of a common world of meaning is to demand the acknowledgment of a universal human community or fellowship. As I have already said, community at the distinctively human level is precisely a common world of meaning, in so far as that world is socially created and socially embodied in institutions and relationships.
But again it would be wrong to suppose that the universal human community requires a single, over-arching organization. Men will express their-universal fellowship in a variety of ways and through a variety of organizations. A single all-embracing organization is neither essential nor practicable; indeed, it would be positively harmful. What is essential is that the whole of human social life should be subordinate to the conviction of the unity of mankind and should serve the promotion of universal fellowship. The fundamental principle of human community is not organizational unity, but the conviction of the unity of mankind and the gradual working for the achievement of a common world of meaning. Men will work for this through free intellectual discussion and practical collaboration in the building of society. A variety of organizations, limited in function and subject to change, corresponds better to the human condition than the establishment of a single, total organization.
As individuals men will express their acknowledgment of the human community through three different forms of relationship.
There is first the I-You or limited relationship embodied in particular organizations. While this kind of relationship prescinds from the total reality of the persons involved, it is not anti-personal. but demands from each an awareness and respect of the other person. The doctor or lawyer or administrator, while keeping within the limits of his professional concern, is or should be exercising a just and loving service in relation to the other person. If the objectified relationship expressed in an organization is a just one, there is no need to step outside its limits in order to manifest love and justice towards the other persons concerned. It is fallacious to suppose that love of the neighbour demands the impossible feat of establishing an intimate friendship with everyone. Man expresses human community through objectified relationships, provided they are just.
The second kind of relationship is also limited, but it is unorganized. It is the service of a fellow man in need, wherever he is met. Man in an open situation should be prepared to help others outside any framework and whenever particular circumstances make this demand upon his love. No one can withdraw from such unexpected demands with the excuse that he is giving his service through established organizations. These are always inadequate. But the relationship thus embraced is limited to the needs of the particular case. As von Oppcn remarks in the article I have cited, the Good Samaritan did not take the wounded traveller into his house to live with him for the rest of his life, but bandaged him, took him to an inn, left money there for his care, promised to stop on his return, and then went about his business. The situation determined the nature of the relationship required; and it did not demand a life-long friendship. Thus, we should meet any demands a particular situation makes upon our love. What is required is usually limited; it is imperatively demanded for all that.
In the third place there is the I-Thou relationship of deep personal commitment and intimate friendship. Here men today have the greatest freedom. Modern society, with its general mobility and the limited character of its organizations, leaves men freer than ever before to shape their own individual and social life on the deeply personal level. This in fact makes possible a deeper because freer personal commitment, as it has, for example, created the partnership marriage in place of the arranged union. I-Thou relationships cannot of their nature be organized. They will be found in intimate personal friendships freely entered into and also give rise to small, interpersonal groups. Such groups will be fluid in form and subject to the vicissitudes of all friendships as persons change and develop or just move away. Attempts to organize them and give them stability usually kill them. Notice that because the principle behind them is free commitment and association does not mean that they are motivated by selfishness. They require the same kind of unselfish outgoing towards other persons as all friendship.
After this somewhat lengthy account of the social change from fixed hierarchical orders in a closed situation to freely created organizations in an open situation, it is now possible to look in contrast at the hierarchical social structure of the Church. At once it is apparent that it belongs to a different, archaic world; it is an obsolete survival of a past stage of history. The same applies to all rigidly maintained Church structures, even when they are nonhierarchical.
The imposition of an essentially unchanging social structure, hierarchical in form, dashes with modern man's social consciousness. It withdraws the social structure of the Church from the creativity and freedom which constitute the structural principle according to which man now organizes his social existence. So, Christians are prevented in this changing world from freely creating on the basis of their faith the organizational structures they require for the embodiment of their Christian life and mission. There is constant resistance to change and rejection of experiment and improvisation.-There is an insistence upon fixed laws and traditional procedures, inadequate as these are in a period of rapid change. In brief, to maintain the hierarchical structure, the Church is attempting to keep men in a closed situation, instead of recognizing that they are now in an open situation. What insistence upon an unchanging social structure means in effect is a denial of the social implications of the concept of man as a self-creative person. That is why modern men see the Church as oppressive.
But the problem is even greater than the continuance of a fixed hierarchical order from the past. The past is always falsified in making it an unhistorical absolute. A fixed hierarchical order in a modern context has not the same nature and effects as it had in the past. Out of its proper historical context it has become distorted.
The social structure of the Church has not been unaffected by modern organizational society. It has taken into itself the organizational complexity of the modern world and formed itself into a vast administrative structure, endeavouring to control, arrange and systematize the activity of Christians. Thus, the closest model for a modern bishop is a business executive. But in combining organizational complexity with the claims of a fixed hierarchical order it has left aside the features of organizational society that prevent its becoming inhuman and destructive of human personality. The protection of man's personality and freedom in the face of modern highly organized society is the firm maintenance of his open situation, with insistence upon the limited scope of every organization, the essential changeability of all organizations, their multiplicity and variety and the absence of any single, over-arching organization embracing his total reality as a person. By its maintenance of a fixed social structure and its stress upon its hierarchical authority, the Church refuses the application of these principles to itself. Hence throughout its structure it shows the worst, inhuman, bureaucratic features of modern organizational society without allowing and fostering its advantages. By attaching its claims as a divinely sanctioned and unchangeable hierarchical order to what has now taken on the characteristics of a vast administrative organization with modern techniques, the Church is crushing the humanity of Christians and frustrating their personal and social expansion as Christians.
(1). " Man in the Open Situation" by Dietrich von Oppen, in Journal
for Theology and Church, Vol 2: Translating Theology into the Modern
Age (Harper & Row, New York, 1965 pp.130 -158 created;
(2). The Secular City: Secularization and Urbanization in Theological Perspective, by Harvey Cox (SCM Press Ltd, London, 1965), pp. 48-9.
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TRADERS in Oxford's historic Covered Market face months more of uncertainty as a row over a proposed rent rise continues.
Oxford City Council has refused to pass on the rise recommended by an independent arbitrator to traders, who have accused it of going back on its word.
But the council has claimed there was a mistake in the arbitrator's calculations, meaning it could not pass on the proposed rent.
It has instead proposed a rent rise which is in line with inflation since the rents were last reviewed in 2007 – which is 20 per cent.
This means that yet another round of arbitration could take place in respect of the rents of 40 market businesses.
The Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors (RICS) was asked to intervene over rents after the city council proposed putting them up by as much as 70 per cent.
The city council had said it would roll out the arbitrator's findings across the market, but since an increase of just 7.3 per cent has been recommended to five traders in a test case, the authority has backed out of this agreement.
Traders, represented by the Covered Market Traders' Association (CMTA), said they would hold the council to its commitment.
Vicki Alder, of Macsamillion shoe shop, said: "If the council doesn't want to budge there is not much more we can say.
"I don't accept that there are mistakes in the ruling and if the council feels so strongly about it they should appeal."
The arbitrator's findings were in relation to five test case units. A second arbitration, relating to about 40 members of the CMTA, was put on hold pending the smaller review, with the city council agreeing to apply its findings to the larger group.
It is now offering the larger group a 20 per cent rise, but the traders will not accept.
John Gowing, of John Gowing Jewellers, said: "I think 7.3 per cent is a fair amount, even though footfall in the Covered Market is down.
"They initially wanted 66 per cent from me and no sane person could dream that is a realistic increase."
The rent reviews date from 2012, so traders owe nearly two years' back rent, but still do not know how much.
Joy Hetherington, of Oxford Aromatics, said: "The city council didn't have to offer that they would give us all the same rent, but they did then they changed their mind."
The Oxford Mail asked the city council to provide a copy of the arbitrator's report, but it refused.
City council spokesman Louisa Dean said: "The award set increases of between 16 and 27 per cent. However, an error in the award calculations has reduced this to between three and 12 per cent.
"Awards cannot be withdrawn or altered except for clerical errors.
"The council has written to those units not covered by this award to propose an average increase that is broadly in line with inflation since 2007.
"While the council would have wished to apply the result of the arbitration to the other units that were not covered by the award it is not able to do this due to the error in the assessment.
"If the remaining traders wish to contest the council's proposals, a new arbitrator will be appointed."
An RICS spokeswoman said: "The arbitrator was appointed by the president of RICS. Once the appointment is made, RICS has no legal authority to interfere. The alleged miscalculation is a matter that must be resolved between the parties using the mechanisms available under the Arbitration Act 1996."
She could not say if there was a mistake, as this was a matter for the arbitrator.
- July 2012: Rent rises of up to 70 per cent announced for the next five years
- October 2012: One in six traders looking to sell up because of the rent increase, it is claimed
- April 2013: Traders say the market is in battle for its life as they fail to reach an agreement and the dispute goes to arbitration
- May 2013: Oxford City Council's development chief Colin Cook accuses traders of talking down the market
- July 2013: The city council says it expects result of arbitration process in August
- Aug 2013: No result issued as the process is beset by delays
- March 2014: Arbitrators recommend 7.3 per cent rise but the issue remains unresolved

subset: commoncrawl


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SWIM (Successful Women in Management) is an Annual one day Event conducted by Great Lakes Institute of management, Chennai since 2007. The objective of this initiative is to identify & felicitate women who have contributed in some way or the other in their respective fields.
Naturally gifted to multi-task, compassionate and emphathetic, woman managers and entrepreneurs definitely bring a variety to the organization. In the current corporate scenario, woman achievers no longer are critizised to be blessed with opportunities. They create opportunities, deserve them and display sheer committment and talent to reach where they intend to. Today, B-Schools and organizations include a fair amount of woman which itself is a testimony to the change these woman have brought.
In order to nurture such unique talents and inspire many more, Great Lakes started the SWIM event in 2007. Since then, the event has hosted some of the reputed woman leaders, entrepreneurs and acadamecians through the years. They have shared their experiences, struggles and solutions with the budding managers at Great Lakes, especially the woman. The event hosts a panel discussion every year which is moderated and participated by some of the well known women leaders.
The SWIM event also identifies and honours talent among such woman leaders every year.


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According to the Harvard Medical School Family Health Guide, one in four American teens are at least occasional smokers. Of teens who smoke regularly, about 75 percent will continue smoking into adulthood. NBCNews.com reports that most antismoking programs have been largely unsuccessful in preventing teen smoking. However, there are still steps that you can take as a parent to prevent your child from smoking.
Set an Example
Better Health Channel, a website funded by the State Government of Victoria (Australia), points out that research shows children are less likely to start smoking if their role models are not smokers. Whether you like to admit it or not, you are your child's biggest role model. If you are a smoker, now may be a good time to quit. Talk to your doctor about programs or medications that might help. If you're having a hard time quitting, be sure that your teen knows how much you don't like smoking and how hard you are trying to quit, and tell him how bad it feels to be addicted to nicotine.
Communication is Key
You may think it's common knowledge that you don't want your teen smoking, but it's still important that you tell him. According to MayoClinic.com, teens who are closer to their parents and whose parents set firm smoking restrictions are less likely to pick up the habit. Don't allow smoking in your home, and encourage your teen to make friends with nonsmokers. Talk to your teens about the dangers of smoking -- not only the health risks but also the negative effects that smoking has on your breath, hair and nails. Sit your teen down and go over how much money smoking costs over a year, and things that he could potentially spend that money on besides cigarettes.
Be Involved
Get involved in your teen's tobacco education. A 2006 study by the University Pittsburgh found that teens who earn higher grades in school and are media-savvy regarding smoking and cigarette advertising and messages are more likely to remain smoke-free. Talk to your teen about how to analyze the messages she sees in ads, movies and on television. Let her know that the only people who benefit from smoking are tobacco companies and that all these companies care about is money. Spread the message that smart teens -- and adults -- don't smoke.
If Your Teen Is Smoking
If you suspect or discover that your teen is smoking, it's important to avoid an angry confrontation. Instead of yelling or threatening your teen, sit her down for talk. Ask her why she started smoking and listen to her response. If peer pressure was involved, resist the urge to forbid your teen from seeing the people you think are a negative influence. Instead, talk to her about the value of being her own person and making her own decisions. Set firm restrictions about smoking in your home and urge your teen to quit. If your teen is already addicted and struggling to quit, seek help from a medical professional.


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This post is a continuation of the series on UPSC Civil Services Prelims Mock Test Question Papers. But this time we have made the answering of the model IAS exam questions more interactive! On our web-based platform you can directly mark your response/choice. You will also be able to know your scores soon after the test! Questions are prepared as per the latest UPSC trend to test yourself the level of preparation. To access full length timed online mock test series with negative marking for UPSC Prelims, check the url www.cleariasexam.com. All the best!
UPSC Civil Services Prelims Mock Test Paper
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Question 1
Question 2
Those who lent money (creditors).
Those who received money (debtors).
No effect.
Question 3
Question 4
There are no chief ministers for Union Territories
Lt. Governor
Question 5
Kakori episode
Jalianwala Bagh episode
Gadhar Party
Chauri-Chaura episode


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10 June, 2012
Peru loves U2!!!!I am from Peru and i still waitng for u2's gig in my country, please don´t forget us. U2 you are simply the best.
17 May, 2011
Like a lion on stadiumI only ask to god that the future will not be indifferent. I only ask to god, that U2 "come back soon" please. We´ll never forget you.
15 April, 2011
U2the best ARGENTINA YOU HOME
14 April, 2011
Gracias U2, return to ArgentinaCry to see U2 and Leon Gieco. Do not forget, ever. I was three shows in La Plata and were one of the greatest moments of my life. Thanks Irish, Thanks for the music and the great life that give us every time we hear his songs. Each is part of our lives. Please tour again to close the 360, is a wish, it would be beautiful to be met. Let us not forget the Argentines either. U2 you ..."SON LO MÁS".
12 April, 2011
Amazing!!La participacion de Leon fue increible, toco mucho los corazones de los Argentinos, yo soy Peruana y me emociono hasta los huesos, ahora solo le pido a Dios que hagan una gira por Peru.
08 April, 2011
Gracias!!!thanks for a amazing nih¿ght!! it was an incredible surprise listen "Solo le pido a Dios" , pleasse try to come back soon!! Argentinian fans love U2!!!-Amy
07 April, 2011
Edumofo.ArExcelents 3 nigths at Stadium La Plata. Thanks Larry Mullen Jr. Band's. Was present in Pop Mart (98) Vertigo Tour (06) and 360 (11). This time take my children, 11 and 8. Wonderful and everlasting memory. Do not forget to come back ... we will be withU2. Thanks for the National Song, the tribute to Soda Stereo and Presence of Leon Gieco. Forgot to mention MALVINAS (04/02). Always innovating and changing. Totaly Thanks.
06 April, 2011
Emocionante...!!!I learned this song at school in Lima, Perú when I was a kid (1981). Years later I saw Mercedes Sosa performing it. I just noticed on 03/04/2011 at the U2 concert that Leon Gieco was the creator of the song. When he started singing it last sunday at La Plata, I was stoked, my hair erized and got a flashback to the 80's. It was a very intense moment. U2 is unspected, thanks for that. Still waiting for you in Perú...!!!
06 April, 2011
unforgettable fire...Amazing night... Bad, Rejoice!!! such a song!! I will never forget this night, never. I'm 24 now, a big fan of U2 since I was 12. 12 years wating to see you for the first time... Just thank you!
06 April, 2011
My sister & BonoHi there, my sister was the very short hair girl that Bono invite to the stage and sang with during City of blinding lights on april 2th. Her name is Alejandra and I´m trying to get some good pictures or video, would someone help me, please? Thanks! One the best shows ever, Mariano.
06 April, 2011
UNFORGETABLE SHOW!On April 2nd I have seen the best show in my life! Thanks a lot for an unforgetable show, guys! Argentina loves U2!
05 April, 2011
GrandeGenio León!!!!!!!
05 April, 2011
Leon!thanks! awesome! a beautiful song with beautiful voices! los dos unos genios! una gran canción para todos los argentinos... thanks!
05 April, 2011
Energy and challengeI would like to know if the band felt the explosion in the crowd when Leon Gieco came on stage. He is one of the referents of the Human Rights in our country and a great folk artist. Could you see that U2? In Argentina we believe that we have one of the best public in the world, but, as Bono said, it could be just an ilusion generated in our huge ego. I will accept an invitation of the band to any concert to prove me that i am wrong. The only public that i can compare is Brazil or chile, our brothers in this continet. So...i will wait for your response.
05 April, 2011
Solo le pido a Dios...Solo le pido a Dios... que U2 siga tocando!!! U2,Leon..Gracias.- Willy.- Rosario-
04 April, 2011
nancygracias Leon! sos un genio me enorgullece ser argentina con tipos como vos!


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The 49th edition of Engadin Skimarathon took place on Sunday, March 12, with the 42-kilometer freestyle race spanning from Maloja to S-chanf, Switzerland. This was the seventh stage of the FIS Worldloppet Cup with sub-zero temperatures.
While a large pack skied together for most of the race, Switzerland's 21-year-old Dajan Danuser (SC Vaettis) tested his luck and broke away early, distancing himself from the chase pack by 15-20 seconds and skiing alone for most of the race. A few kilometers before the finish, Switzerland's Dario Cologna and Norway's Anders Gløersen and Eirik Brandsdal reeled Danuser in and passed him. A group of 20 skiers reached the final stretch together and sprinted to the finish. Cologna outlasted all of them in 1:27:46 for his third Engadin victory, edging Gløersen by six-hundredths of a second and Russia's Ilia Chernousov by 0.07 seconds. Less than 11 seconds separated the top 20, with the likes of French World Cup skiers Maurice Manificat, Renaud Jay, and Jean-Marc Gaillard finishing fourth through sixth, respectively. Danuser ended up finishing 20th (+10.6), and Brandsdal 12th (+5.2).
"I tried to be in front in the most important phase of the race, this was not easy because Anders Gløersen did a great job today," Cologna said in a press conference, according to a Worldloppet press release. "But I was able to overtake him right in the perfect moment, so I could enter the finish stretch as first, this is very important.".
Switzerland's Candide Pralong (Team Gel Rossignol) finished ninth (+3.2) and now leads the overall standings by 12 points over France's Ivan Perrillat Boiteux (Haute-Savoie), who finished 16th (+7.3). Switzerland's Toni Livers (Team Gel Rossignol) is currently third in the overall standings after finishing 10th (+3.9).
In the women's race, Norway's Mari Eide skied alone and was able to follow the leading men until St. Mortiz. She won in a time of 1:34:18.1, ahead of France's Rahel Imoberdorf (SAS & TG Hütten Team) in second (+17.6) while American Caitlin Gregg placed third (+23.2).
Sweden's Maria Gräfnings (SAS & TG Hütten) finished 50 seconds behind Eide to end up fifth. She was not happy with her result as she had wanted to close the gap between her and France's Aurelie Dabudyk (Haute-Savoie) in the overall standings. Dabudyk finished ninth on the day (+1:45.6) and was still able to hold on to her overall lead by 98 points over Gräfnings. Imoberdorf is currently third in the overall standings, another 66 points back.
"The race was not easy for me, I had to do lots of work in front of the group I was skiing with," Eide said, according to a press release. "And then I didn't really know if I was in a lead, I just thought it, because of the scooter with the camera in front of me. But in the finish I had to ask someone if I won, just to make sure. So I had to keep my speed high the whole race over. I tried to follow the boys but from St. Moritz on it was not possible anymore."
One more race on the FIS Marathon Cup circuit remains: the Ugra Ski Marathon on April 8 in Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia.
— Ian Tovell


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We had very little in the house for lunch, and this is what I ended up throwing together. Really couldn't have been easier, and was really satisfying.
Monthly Archives: November 2015
Roasted Sunchokes with Herbs
Sunchokes were another random farmers market find that I prepared rather simply.
Filed under vegetarian
Sirloin with Lobster Mushroom Sauce
Lobster mushrooms were a random find at the farmer's market. They worked well in a steak sauce here.
Filed under beef dishes
Roasted Monkfish
I was excited to see monkfish at my favorite fish market this week – it's one of those fishes I really like but never see in the store. I prepared this as part of a special "surf and turf" dinner, along with sirloin in mushroom sauce (recipe to follow), roasted sunchokes (recipe to follow) and some vinaigrette-tossed spinach. Continue reading
Filed under fish dishes
Hainese Chicken Rice
This dish has been on my to-make list for YEARS and I finally bit the bullet (I don't remember if this is the recipe version I originally wanted to make, but it worked great). A little overly ambitious for a Monday night, but very delicious — and it makes a ton. I was nervous about the skin being too gelatinous but the texture actually worked fine in this preparation.
Note: In lieu of buying kecap manis, I just reduced some tamari with brown sugar. I did not have the pandan leaves.
Filed under poultry, rice dishes
Chicken Meatball Hot Pot with Soba
I wasn't 100 percent sold on this chicken meatball hot pot recipe (from my Japanese cookbook). But I made it again with soba noodles the next day for lunch and thought they really brought the whole dish together. Be sure to chop the ginger very fine (or use ginger paste) as my meatballs had some little pieces in them.
Yay for schnitzel! John and I were really into this dish. Not all that different from when I make milanese, but the slight changes were enough to make it feel unique. We used half veal, half pork for price reasons.
Filed under pork dishes, veal dishes


text: dancesintherain Posted February 15, 2019 anyone have categories of good and bad numbers? I'm just curious how yours works and what you're doing about it. I realized mine when I was assigned to do 31 minutes of exercise a day. I agreed one day, but came back the next and asked if I could do 35 instead. My therapist asked if it would be easier and if so, why. I explained that it was a multiple of five, so that made it better. I explained that 32 would be okay also, but not as good since it's only a multiple of 2. He asked if it was the fact that 31 was a prime number and I said yes, though I don't know why. I said that 37 would be equally bad. Needless to say, I'm stuck walking for 31 minutes. Anyone else have good/bad numbers or numbering schemes? Mine's mild enough that I can laugh at it, but at the same time, it's real enough that it's actually been a challenge. Quote Share this post Link to post Share on other sites


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Abbas Milani
Thomas Jefferson Was a Muslim
A candidate was accused of being a closet Muslim. In the 18th century, not the 21st.
Patience With All Things in Iran
President-elect Hassan Rouhani may challenge the status quo—or become a part of it
An 'Epic' Mess in Iran
Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei wants an 'epic' election. He may get one, but not the kind he expected.
The American Voices of the Islamist Regime in Iran
Two former U.S. officials make the case for accommodation


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$25.00 Double Fan
Sold Out
(Murphy, 2010) 44" MLa 7" dormant diploid ext.fr. 3 branches, 24 buds.
Light pink and stippled cream with a light green throat and ruffled edge. Unusual form cascade, that blooms for many weeks into the very late season. 100% sunfast; fertile. Stiff and strong scapes, long blooming. (Margo Reed Indeed x Heavenly Curls)
Some plants when grown in other gardens get a lot of comments. This is one that I have had many favorable comments from different zones.


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Is Sarah Palin at War with Rush Limbaugh?
It all started a few days ago when Palin called for White House chief of staff Rahm Emanuel to be fired for reportedly calling liberals "F-ing retarded" at an August meeting.
"Our president is doing himself a disservice by seeming to condone Rahm's recent sick and offensive tactic," Palin said in a Facebook note. Palin's youngest child, Trig, has Down Syndrome.
Emanuel apologized and has been under fire from advocates for people with intellectual disabilities. He met with some of them at the White House on Wednesday to try to make amends.
But the story did not end there, as Palin has now also criticized members of her own party as well. Yesterday, a Palin spokesman condemned use of the word "retarded" by an aide to Texas Gov. Rick Perry.
And now, there is a possible storm brewing between Palin and Limbaugh after Limbaugh repeatedly used the "R-Word" in discussing Emanuel's meeting on Wednesday.
"Our politically correct society is acting like some giant insult's taken place by calling a bunch of people who are 'retards,' 'retards,' Limbaugh said on this radio show, according to the transcript. "So now there's going to be a meeting, there's going to be a 'Retard' Summit at the White House."
Limbaugh continued: "If you want to look at how this is broken down, Emanuel compares Democrat activists to retarded people, then apologizes to retarded people. Not to the Democrats. Normally if you call somebody a retard, you apologize to them for calling them a retard. But he has apologized to the retarded people for daring to lump them with Democrats. It's hilarious."
Greg Sargent of The Plum Line blog, which is owned by The Washington Post, got a statement on Limbaugh from Palin spokesperson Meghan Stapleton.
"Governor Palin believes crude and demeaning name calling at the expense of others is disrespectful," Stapleton said.
The headline for Sargent's blog post was "Palin Camp Rips Limbaugh, Hits His 'Retard' Comment As 'Crude And Demeaning,'" which apparently upset the Palin camp because it suggested a feud between the former Republican vice presidential nominee and the popular conservative radio host.
Stapleton denied that Palin was at war with Limbaugh in a statement given to Fox News.
"The Washington Post is trying hard to take the pressure off the White House by creating a side controversy, but it is missing the point: as the Governor has said, it doesn't matter who says the 'r' word: it should no longer be part of our lexicon," she said.
In the past Palin has complained of some people's propensity to be overly politically correct, lauding talk show host Michael Reagan for his willingness "to screw the political correctness that some would expect him to try to adhere to."


text: Jeremy Scott has collaborated with swatch for a small line of throw back watches. Our favorite? The picture frame watch is very FASHIONOTES. The watches are available online, and they will retail for $70(Thanks Jeremy! We like the price almost as much as we like the watches). It's not Jeremy's first shot at collaborating though. We recently reported that he had made some very cute panda sneakers for Adidas!


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MOSCOW — Russia's security service announced Tuesday it paid an unprecedented $10 million to informers who helped track down the late Chechen rebel leader Aslan Maskhadov — an effort to give credibility to its renewed offer of an identical prize for the Kremlin's No. 1 foe, warlord Shamil Basayev.
The announcement appeared part of a stepped-up effort to eliminate separatist leaders whose fight against the Kremlin has dragged on for most of the past decade and destabilized much of Russia's southern flank. Chechnya's Moscow-backed president suggested it was part of a plan to rely increasingly on the region's local population in its attempts to stop rebel warlords.
"The promise to pay a large sum of money has been realized, and the population knows that this is no myth. People will turn up who will independently trace Basayev and his underlings and report to the proper authorities," the Interfax news agency quoted Alu Alkhanov as saying.
"I am certain that Basayev can now hardly feel calm and sure of himself in any region or settlement at all, in a forest or in the mountains," he said.
Russian authorities did not say who received the reward, and there was no way to confirm the payment. But the $10 million would be the largest ever given by the Russian government for a fugitive.
Precedent: U.S. paid for Saddam tip
U.S. authorities paid $30 million in reward money to a tipster who pointed American forces toward the hideout of former Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein's two sons, Qusai and Odai, who were killed July 22, 2003 by U.S. troops during a shootout in Mosul; the reward offered $15 million for each of the sons.
The $30 million was the largest single amount paid by the U.S. government since the State Department's Rewards for Justice program began in 1984. U.S. officials have said a promised $25 million reward for help in capturing Saddam was not likely to be given out because he was located by the U.S. military.
Washington has also offered $25 million each for al-Qaida chief Osama bin Laden and his top operative in Iraq, Abu Musab al-Zarqawi.
Maskhadov was killed last week in a Russian special forces operation in the Chechen village of Tolstoy-Yurt, authorities said. The security service, known by its Russian acronym FSB, had said in September that it would pay a $10 million bounty for information leading to the killing or capture of him or Basayev — who remains at large and has claimed responsibility for attacks including the deadly raid on a school in the town of Beslan.
Basayev is now seen as the most powerful rebel figure, despite the appointment of a little-known former Islamic judge to replace Maskhadov.
Victory for Russian security
The killing of Maskhadov was a victory for the security services, who have struggled to penetrate the tightly knit clan society of Chechnya. Maskhadov and other rebel leaders appeared able to move about fairly freely in the region, where they boasted of a large network of collaborators. Previous claims that their killing or capture was imminent had never borne out.
The FSB said it would be prepared to help the people who provided the information on Maskhadov by relocating them to another region of Russia or to a Muslim country, and offered similar guarantees for informants on Basayev's whereabouts.
"The Russian Federal Security Service confirms its preparedness to guarantee personal security and payment of an appropriate monetary award to citizens providing trustworthy information on the whereabouts of the terrorist leaders," the FSB statement said. Spokesman Sergei Ignatchenko said the agency "guarantees the payment of a $10 million reward for information about Basayev's whereabouts."
Risk-reward relationship
Despite the pledge to protect informers, fears of rebel revenge could hamper a strategy of relying on the population of a region where people closely watch their neighbors. "The people who got the reward face huge risks," said Human Rights Watch's Alexander Petrov, an expert on Chechnya who repeatedly traveled to the region.
The announcement of the payment came a day after authorities said they blew up the house where Maskhadov was killed because they feared it could have been booby trapped. But rights activists and government critics questioned the motives for the building's destruction, which added to the secrecy surrounding the raid, and said announcing the reward could have been a way to affirm the official accounts of Maskhadov's death.
While federal authorities said Maskhadov had been hiding in a basement bunker, a woman who lived in the house with her family denied he had been there and said she suspected Russian forces may have brought him there hours before announcing his death. Anna Politkovskaya, a prominent Russian columnist and expert on Chechnya, said she believed the house was blown up to destroy evidence.
The popular daily Moskovsky Komsomolets added to the speculation Tuesday, saying that forces loyal to Chechen Deputy Prime Ramzan Kadyrov could have captured, interrogated and killed Maskhadov in another location before bringing his body to Tolstoy-Yurt. It said the basement was not ventilated, making it highly unlikely that Maskhadov could have used it for shelter.
© 2012 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


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Sofa with classic yet contemporary lines for those who appreciate sober, timeless and comfortable design. The different modules can be configured in various ways for domestic or contract use. Armrests available in two different widths. Removable fabric covers or fixed leather uphostery. (Designer: Studio VCCB)
See PDF specification sheet for sizes options.


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We all know that if we want to prevent gum disease we need to practice a solid oral care routine. You know, brush twice a day, floss, limit sugar intake, etc. However, let's add some new methods to your oral health routine that can aid in preventing gum disease.
According to PatientConnect265.com, Gingivitis and its advanced cousin, Periodontal disease, are silent offenders. Most often, you may not even know you should be concerned. After all, the serious problems take place beneath your gum line where you can't see them. What's worse is that a growing number of scientists believe that plaque and gum disease can also influence and exacerbate conditions like heart disease and stroke – certainly conditions we do not want to encourage by a lack of attention to good oral hygiene. So with no further ado, here are seven easy things you can do to help protect your mouth from gum disease.
1. Eat a healthier diet
Your waistline will not only thank you for indulging in a diet full of lean meat, veggies, and dairy, your teeth will too! The calcium, phosphorous, minerals, and vitamins do wonders for tooth enamel and your gum line.
2. Try an anti-microbial mouthwash
Try and find one without alcohol. Alcohol dries out your mouth. In other words, more saliva means better oral health.
3. Try an electronic toothbrush
Find an electronic toothbrush labeled by the American Dental Association (ADA). They're more effective than you think, and gives you an extra boost in those hard to get spots
4. Get Braces
Did you know that having straight teeth aids in reducing tooth decay and gum disease? Having straight teeth gets rid of any hideout spots where bacteria and plaque can grow and eliminates hard to reach spots when brushing.
5. Quit Smoking
You probably already know this one, but we thought we'd remind you anyways


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by Glen Depke, Traditional Naturopath
Of course cancer is a potential risk for any of us, myself included, but let's look at some signs that cancer is more likely for you than others.
There are certain body signs that you can "read" to help you understand if cancer is more likely in your future. These signs are not a diagnosis of cancer and do not mean that you will absolutely develop cancer in your life time, but they are definitely to be paid attention to.
If you have any of these signs, please do not "freak out" and create any doom and gloom. Simply use this information to initiate a state of caution, leading to education and prevention.
After all, everybody would rather prevent cancer, rather than have this diagnosed and be in a battle for your life.
Here's some early signs of cancer.
Notice the word "early."
This will most often mean that you have time to focus on prevention.
Missing Lunulae
Optimally you would have one half moon on your thumb and one on each of your next three fingers on each hand and none on your pinky finger. If you have half moons only on the thumbs as an adult, this is potentially an 80% increased risk of cancer. If you recall from recent articles, if you are missing any half moons, this shows a likelihood of poor peripheral circulation. If you have poor circulation, the body will try to compensate for this by producing more blood vessels.
This is known as angiogenesis.
When blood viscosity is high, blood flows slowly, allowing cancer cells to easily attach to other organs and tissues.
If you are missing all your moons, the cancer risk can be even greater. And this one sign can be a significant contributing factor to any cancer.
If you did not read the previous two articles on "reading" your body, catch these below.
Stomach or Esophagus Cancer
You can look at two body signs. One is a hard lump about 2 inches above or left of the navel. Also look for lumps or thickening on the auricle, which is the outside portion of the ear/earlobe.
Breast and/or Prostate Cancer
Strawberry dots on the tongue
Many cherry angiomas on the chest. (This can also be liver cancer.)
Cervical Cancer
Vaginal bleeding after intercourse.
Ovarian/Uterine Cancer
Sudden vaginal bleeding in post menopausal women.
Kidney Cancer
Urinary bleeding with no pain.
Lung Cancer
Opaque nail with clubbing and dry cough.
Triangular nails and nail clubbing.
Blood Tests for Cancer Screening
Convenient, affordable and confidential blood tests for cancer screening.
Now at a Discounted Price
Brain Cancer
Ear ringing on one side only and headaches with blurred vision.
Breast, Endometrial, Colon and Lung Cancer can be Related to High Estrogen
If you combine elevated estrogen with the circumstances below, you will want to put a strong foot forward on cancer prevention. Remember that one of the signs of potential estrogen dominance is cherry angiomas as mentioned earlier in this article.
If sister has breast cancer or endometrial cancer, ten brother has a high chance of colon cancer. If you have two relatives within second degree who have these cancers, your risk is very high for one of these cancers.
There is an increased risk of endometrial cancer if you have not had children, are infertile, late menopause, obesity or diabetic.
If you fit into these categories, it is important to prevent cancer before you are 40.
Why you want to pay attention to these signs.
Within conventional medicine, there are cancer treatments, but the success rate is not high and the symptoms from treatment can be debilitating.
Even some of the techniques used for assessing cancer can be an issue as well as treatment options.
- Breast cancer patients who undergo needle biopsy were 50% more likely to have metastatic cancer than those that did not have needle biopsy.
- Based on breast cancer again; a study of 1,173 breast cancer patients treated with surgery, 520 had relapse and twenty percent of premenopausal women relapsed within ten months of surgery.
- Lung and colon cancer surgery is linked to cancer recurrence.
- Colon cancer patients who had surgery had a higher relapse rate than invasive laparoscopy.
The change of recurrence and metastasis after surgery is 50% within 2 years and drops to only 5% after 5years.
This does not mean that you simply take matters in your own hands. You absolutely want your conventional doctor to be involved if cancer is a risk or diagnosis, but you want to educate yourself on the best integrative techniques.
So you can see that there is a significant advantage to getting past the post treatment five year mark.
As you can see based on the information above, cancer recurrence increases after surgery.
- Animal data suggest that surgery-induced angiogenesis exists.
- Some metastasized cancer cells don't grow on their own until a primary tumor is removed.
- Surgery jump-started angiogenesis in a tumor involves the wound-healing process.
This is why angiogenesis inhibitors such as Angiostop would be recommended before and after surgery, to help the body to minimize recurrence. I recommend this to any client that has been diagnosed with cancer to assist the body in an anti-angiogenesis response.
This article is written to create awareness of some underlying challenges that you may be dealing with personally.
I do not suggest taking the information from this article and making significant life altering choices based on a snippet of information though.
Everybody is interested in this type of information and I am sure you are too.
You have the opportunity to assess what your nails, tongue and body is telling you with our world's leader in this technique, Dr. Tsu-Tsair Chi. Depke Wellness sponsors a Dr. Chi visit once per year and this exclusive opportunity is coming up on May 5th – 7th.
Limited time slots are available so don't miss this low cost opportunity to see what your body is telling you. As a follower of Depke Wellness, I know you enjoy getting to the core of your health issues, so here's your chance!
These session can be completed in our office live or you can email us specific pictures and Dr. Chi can complete your session over the phone. Low cost, significant information and from the comfort of your own home. I know how you like that combination.
Learn more about Dr. Tsu-Tsair Chi and YOUR chance to visit with the world renowned leader in fingernail and tongue analysis.
If you have any comments or questions regarding this article please post this on our Facebook page or on our Twitter page for us to address personally.
Contact Depke Wellness directly here.


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Project details
Project duration
February 2017 - December 2017
Organised by
Funding awarded
$30,000.00 excl. GST (2017)
Unlocking Curious Minds
An inspirational mix of science and filmmaking. Scientists and youth together explore the natural environment of Auckland, and the youth turn this experience into short films for a community event.View all projects


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Blind and Toothless
Jan. 19, 2012 by Sarah-Jane Ripa
Linda Napoletano, who is currently pursuing her Certificate of Advanced Study through the Graduate Liberal Studies Program, recently made the news. Napoletano's final project, a play entitled "Blind and Toothless" tells the story of Bangladeshi immigrant and hate crime victim Rais Bhuiyan. Mr Bhuiyan was shot in the face by Mark Stroman in the wake of the September 11th World Trade Center attacks. An advocate for peace and the abolition of the death penalty, Bhuiyan fought to save Stroman from execution. Napoletano's research and relationship with Mr. Bhuiyan for her play led Glastonbury High School, where Napoletano teaches, to extend an invitation to Mr. Bhuiyan. The Hartford Courant reported the story of Mr. Bhuiyan's visit, and Napoletano's work on January 6, 2012. Read more here!
Stable Link: http://www.courant.com/news/education/hc-muslim-immigrant-glastonbury-play-0107-20120106,0,1648421.story


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Sara was born and raised in Barcelona Spain until making the move to Auckland New Zealand a few years ago. After graduating in Fine Arts she spent many years experimenting with the art forms of painting and engraving. Her work combines techniques such as watercolour, gouache, graphite pencil and digital collage. She has exhibited her organic textural works in prestigious galleries such as the Almazen and Niu in Barcelona.
Sara's images are derived from the surreal worlds that play in her mind like lucid dreams throughout the day. Her work is often filled with interesting compositions, pastel colours and curvilinear forms. She communicates with a peculiar and delicate language, both in narrative and illustration.


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So we looked at the inner critic and your inner beauty. Now its time to leap. To get real. So come on, do stuff you love. Use your strengths and courage and follow your calling!
Enjoy this video!
So we looked at the inner critic and your inner beauty. Now its time to leap. To get real. So come on, do stuff you love. Use your strengths and courage and follow your calling!
Enjoy this video!
This is a wonderful video about self identity and authentic self expression, by Caroline McHugh. The topic is discussed through a well crafted framework in a form of a story. A story told by the side of the fire on a winters night. I don't think I can do this video justice through my description – it just has to be experienced.
Caroline will inspire you!
This is the second of three instalments of my inspiring events series this month. It was a coaching network event by London Coaches. I was pleasantly surprised and wanted to share some of the ideas in the hope you would find it useful.
The trainer asked us to think about the stories we play out on our lives, the:
He asked one powerful question: Would changing one of the above elements get you
better outcome/story?
For example, do you play the warrior at work but nothing works, everyone is screaming -a horror story. The trainer suggested instead using the character of jester to see if this changes up the energy and gets better outcomes, the story you want. That is slaying the dragon/reaching work goal via humour.
My take away was to be mindful of the narratives we have about ourselves and situations and not to get locked into stories that don't service you- be flexible. You are the director.
Try it!
I went to this talk by Lazlo Block in May, quite some time ago (sorry, I tweeted but forgot to blog). It was a close call between seeing Lazlo and going to a gender lecture. In the end, I decided to go to the talk where I knew least about the speaker- to learn new ideas.
I wasn't disappointed. Lazzlo was full of ideas about work. He is the VP for People Operations at google, so Human Resources. He had a lot to say about his own journey, getting to google and where google is going next. All chronicled in his book Work Rules.
A hugely likeable and charismatic speaker, (he once worked as an actor), but don't let that fool you, he had some hard hitting messages. My favourites were:
Wow, what a talk! Gloria Larson is a former politician and lawyer and in 2007, she was the first woman to be selected President of Bentley University – an american business school. I went to an inspiring event she held a few weeks ago in London . In fact, I got caught in rush hour and missed the first bit, but it was well worth persevering.
Gloria talked about her own very impressive leadership journey as well as wove in lessons from academic research. My take aways were:
What have been your leadership lessons? Leave comments in the box bellow.
Harvard University Prof. Michael Watkins outlines some great advise on career transitions.
Michael tells us that understanding successful transitions is relevant to all and not just when you get promoted. Michael says that due to the impact of economic cycles restructuring and job shifting can be the norm.
What stood out for me was these three gems:
This is a great 90 minute video training about authentic leadership. Gabriel looks at leadership through the lens of spirituality. This may be, or may not be 'your thing'- that said, I feel you could swap out the lexicon of spirituality with that of your own and the message will be the same: if you're called to lead – lead. There are also some practical tips for those who are action oriented. The 'take homes' for me in this very engaging video are:


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As a writer, I compose from as close to ground level as my editors allow. I want readers to be warped through space and time to–literally, at least for the length of the story–live and breathe the people, places, and issues about which I write.
I thrive on writing about sports, adventure, the environment, science, and travel. I create editorial for magazines, websites, newspapers, and other media. I also execute a variety of copywriting and other content-creation projects for private clients.
I'm excited by new opportunities, so feel welcome to contact me if you think we might be a good match.
Peruse my portfolio! You'll find editorial samples here, and copywriting and content samples here.


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- Tag results for Nainital
Provide parking or rooms will be sealed: High Court to Nainital hotels
To deal with the frequent traffic jams in Nainital, Uttarakhand HC on Monday directed the regional and state transport authorities to not issue any further permit for plying taxi in the town.
Telugu Desam Party pulls out of NDA; to move no-confidence motion against Modi govt.
Class 12 Accountancy paper not leaked, clarifies CBSE; Vows strict action against rumour-mongers
Death toll in Lahore suicide blast rises to 9
TTV Dhinakaran floats new political party - 'Amma Makkal Munnetra Kazhagam'
TN farmers receive ₹3, ₹4, ₹5 and ₹10 as crop insurance disbursal


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Additional Resources:
Useful links:


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By Gift Phiri
President Robert Mugabe announced a long-awaited reshuffle of his Cabinet last night and axed five ministers as he moved to freshen up his government.
Mugabe, whose three decade-plus grip on power is being tested by an internal party challenge, announced a new line-up with changes at the top, dropping Emmerson Mnangagwa from the Justice, Legal and Parliamentary Affairs ministry, while cutting loose a number of lieutenants perceived as close to the embattled vice president.
Dropped from Cabinet are Priscah Mupfumira, Tshinga Dube, Abednico Ncube and Faber Chidarikire — all members of the so-called Team Lacoste.
The roots-and-branch shake-up comes after Mugabe accused unnamed senior officials of trying to push him into retiring and likened them to the biblical betrayer Judas Iscariot.
He will chair his new-look Cabinet meeting this morning.
Mugabe's latest shake-up also saw some hitherto influential bureaucrats, again perceived as aligned to Mnangagwa, being demoted.
The list includes Patrick Chinamasa, who is now responsible for a weird ministry called Cyber Security, Threat Detection and Mitigation.
Christopher Mushohwe now heads what should otherwise be a department. He is now the minister of State in the President's Office Responsible for National Scholarships.
Former Foreign Affairs minister Simbarashe Mumbengegwi is now responsible for the ministry of Macro-Economic Planning.
The transfer of Chinamasa to the obscure ministry of Cyber Security was the main talking point in the limited Cabinet reshuffle.
The president promoted his top allies within the party and government, giving plush jobs to Walter Mzembi, Simon Khaya Moyo, Ignatius Chombo, Obert Mpofu, Patrick Zhuwao and Thokozile Mathuthu.
Chombo will take up Chinamasa's position, the chief secretary in the Office of the President and Cabinet Misheck Sibanda said in a statement last night.
Mpofu replaces Chombo as Home Affairs minister, while Khaya Moyo will replace Mushohwe as Media, Information and Broadcasting Services minister.
After removing the vice president from his Justice, Legal and Parliamentary Affairs position last night in a shock axing, Mnangagwa was replaced with Central Intelligence Organisation director-general Happyton Bonyongwe.
The changes basically decimated the key pillars that support Mnangagwa, leaving him hanging by a thread.
Mnangagwa, 75, enthroned vice-president in 2014, has headed off fierce opposition from Grace and the Generation 40 faction of the ruling party in recent weeks, with political temperatures heating up over claims that he had been hospitalised in August because he had been poisoned.
Mzembi, who is widely regarded as a future party leader and probably the biggest winner in the shuffle, takes on the key role of Foreign minister at a particularly challenging time, and at a time Zimbabwe and its former coloniser Britain have expressed readiness to open a new chapter of rapprochement.
Mzembi is being replaced by Edgar Mbwembwe in the Tourism and Hospitality Industry portfolio.
Mumbengegwi has been shunted to the Macro-Economic Planning and Investment Promotion ministry.
Zhuwao becomes minister of Public Service Labour and Social Welfare following the axing of his predecessor, Mupfumira.
Kasukuwere retains the now Local Government, Rural Development and National Housing ministry.
Makhosini Hlongwane remains the head of the now Sports, Recreation, Arts and Culture.
Cain Mathema has been appointed minister of Welfare Services for War Veterans, War Collaborators.
Chiratidzo Mabuwa becomes Youth Development, Indigenisation and Economic Employment minister.
Maboyi Ncube has been appointed minister of State for Matabeleland South, Mathuthu minister for Matabeleland North, Webster Shamu minister of State for Mashonaland West, while Paul Chimedza becomes minister of State for Masvingo
Mugabe's Cabinet reorganisation rallied support and outrage.
The opposition Movement for Democratic Change described the reshuffle as "a very big yawn."
"This is very big yawn, indeed a massive exercise in futility," MDC spokeperson Obert Gutu said.
"Mugabe has totally and completely lost the plot. Actually, he should have reshuffled himself by immediately announcing his retirement.
"What kind of ministry has been created for Patrick Chinamasa? What type of nonsense is that? Chinamasa is now effectively on the same level as a WhatsApp group administrator.
"This is a very big joke that isn't funny. The most effective reshuffle will come after next year's elections when the entire Zanu PF dictatorship, warts and all, will be booted out of power."
Priscah Mupfumira
Tshinga Dube
Faber Chidarikire
Emmerson Mnangagwa (from Justice ministry)
Abednico Ncube
Happyton Bonyongwe, Justice, Legal and Parliamentary Affairs
Paul Chimedza, minister of State for Masvingo Province
Webster Shamu, minister of State for Mashonaland West
Ambassador Maboyi, Matabeleland South
Edgar Mbwembwe, Tourism, Environment and Hospitality Services
Cain Mathema, minister of Welfare Services for War Veterans
Chiratidzo Mabuwa, Youth, Development, Indigenisation and Economic Empowerment
Patrick Chinamasa, Cyber Security, Threat Detection and Mitigation
Christopher Mushohwe, minister of State in the President's Office Responsible for National Scholarships
Simbarashe Mumbengegwi, Macro-Economic Planning
Ignatius Chombo, Finance and Economic Development
Thokozile Mathuthu, minister of State Matabeleland North
Walter Mzembi, Foreign Affairs
Patrick Zhuwao, Public Service, Labour and Social Welfare
Obert Mpofu, Home Affairs
Simon Khaya Moyo, Information, Media and Broadcasting Services
Retained ministries
Joseph Made, ministry of Agriculture, Mechanisation & Irrigation Development
Saviour Kasukuwere, Local Government, Rural Development and National Housing
Mike Bimha, Industry and International Trade
Sithembiso Nyoni, SMEs
Douglas Mombeshora, Lands and Rural Resettlement
Oppah Muchinguri-Kashiri, Water and Climate
Makhosini Hlongwane, Sport, Recreation, Arts and Culture
Jonathan Moyo, Higher and Tertiary Education
Lazarus Dokora, Primary and Secondary Education
Supa Mandiwanzira, ICTs and Courier Services
Joram Gumbo, Transport
Walter Chidakwa, Mines and Mining Development
David Parirenyatwa, Health and Child Care
Samuel Undenge, Energy and Power Development
Sydney Sekeramayi, Defence
Kembo Mohadi, State Security


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God knows it's a struggle keeping the little ones entertained in the summer! Normally it's parks, backyards and lots of outdoor activities but with the heat, it's impossible!
I'm always on the look out for new indoor play areas to make the summer fun and not so repetitive. This week we checked out the awesome and newly opened Dig It in The Souk Springs. If your little ones are fans of Bob The Builder or just building & constructing in general, they will absolutely love this place! It's based on a real life construction site so it is super fun.
Continue reading "Dig It Dubai – Kid's Indoor Play Area For The Summer Part 1"


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the BLOG
Explore by Topic
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Search Results | 8 results found
The Trinity: Unique, Yet Rational
Is the doctrine of the Trinity an irrational idea? Does it discredit Christianity?
Are Jesus' Two Natures Compatible?
Are Jesus' human and divine natures compatible? Is this an impossibility that makes Christianity irrational?
End of Life Ethics: A Primer
Would You Want to Live that Way? That's the challenge I've heard a number of times from advocates of starving Terri Schiavo to death. It usually comes in the conversation when what they've offered so far in the way of justification has been refuted. It's a rejoinder of last resort, but since it's offered purportedly as an argument, let me take it seriously. Would you want to live that way? No. But what follows from that?
Christianity and Naturalism
James Sire describes naturalists as monistic materialists who deny the existence of immaterial entities and their ability to act in this world.[1] Though naturalism can be characterized in broader term, which I will address briefly later in this paper, Sire's characterization is really of materialism. Ontological or metaphysical naturalism is defined in The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy as the view that everything is composed of natural entities constructed of properties as the sciences allow.
Oprah's Religion: A Brief Evaluation of Eckhart Tolle's A New Earth
Is Oprah's religion (ala Eckhart Tolle) compatible with Christianity and the Bible? This brief article isn't an exhaustive analysis of Eckhart Tolle's work but a brief evaluation of that question. This question has been brought to STR a number of times. Oprah claims the answer is yes. And surprisingly, more than a few Christians think the answer is yes. But even a cursory reading of Tolle makes it obvious the answer can only be no, and that he is actually teaching Hinduism, not Christianity.
Indiscriminate Tolerance
The BBC has had a policy for some time not to use the word "terrorist" except when quoting someone. Briefly in the aftermath of the bombings in London a year ago, the BBC did use the word but now they've reverted to calling those who perpetrated the attacks on London more neutrally as "bombers."
Do Extraordinary Claims Demand Extraordinary Evidence?
Hume offered this challenge in "Of Miracles" in Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion.
Christianity as the Best Explanation
Christianity can be seen as an explanatory hypothesis to account for certain phenomena we observe in the world: the origin of the universe, the design of the universe, and the universality of morality. The explanations that Christianity provides to this empirical data provide a cumulative case for the rationality of Christianity, and in fact, the superiority of Christianity to other belief systems.


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Week of January 2, 2018
Here is just some of what's new this week. Ask for any of these titles at either branch. For tips on how to place a reserve, please visit the Your Account page (for using our online catalogue to reserve a title) or the Waiting Lists page (to get direct assistance).
Almonte Branch
Sweet: desserts from London's Ottolenghi by Yotam Ottolenghi
The Real Estate Retirement Plan: an investment and lifestyle solution for Canadians by Ross Calum
Worry-Free Money: the guilt-free approach to managing your money and your life by Shannon Lee Simmons
Being Mortal by Atul Gawande
Fiction – Adult
When the Doves Disappeared by Sofi Oksanen
Insidious Intent by Val McDermid
Knitlandia by Clara Parkes
Less by Andrew Sean Greer
The Wanted: an Elvis Cole and Joe Pike novel by Robert Crais
Non-Fiction – Young Adult
Earth Hates Me: true confessions from a teenage girl by Ruby Karp
Fiction – Young Adult
La Belle Sauvage: book 1 in The book of dust series by Philip Pullman
Zero Repeat Forever: book 1 in The Nahx invasions by G. S. Prendergast
Turtles all the Way Down by John Green
Maud by Melanie J. Fishbane
Doc Martin, series 8
Victoria & Abdul
Game of Thrones, season 7, disc 1-2
Game of Thrones, season 7, disc 3-4
Christopher and His Kind
Lillie, volume 1 & volume 2
Lillie, volume 3 & volume 4