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With help from a debt relief program, you can reduce your monthly repayments and become free from debts within 5 years.
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Rugby Union School Holiday Camp For Kids
Get your kids to learn rugby union during the school holidays!
School holiday kids camps are where great childhood memories happen. If want your kids to achieve an active and healthy lifestyle, then school holiday sports camps might be good for them. Why not send them to a rugby union school holiday camp for kids?Read more
Sports Camps For Kids
Give your kids something fun to do in the holidays by sending them to sports camp!

A great way to keep kids entertained during the school holidays!Read more
National Parks for Kids
Looking for an adventure in the great outdoors? Head to your local national park! A national park is a government protected reserve designed to help preserve Australian wildlife or plants. These are usually open to the public and may offer a number of family activities including camping, hiking, boating and swimming.Read more
Camping for Kids
If you want a cheap family holiday which combines fun, adventure, and plenty of activities for kids look no further! Camping, in a moveable tent or caravan, is a relaxing and affordable outdoor activity that can be enjoyed in a number of Australian locations from national parks to beaches.Read more
Angling Clubs for Kids
With Australia's vast coastline and many rivers, fishing is a sport that anyone can enjoy! Taking your kids angling has many benefits for all the family, including a great opportunity for bonding, a chance to relax and helping children develop an interest in the environmentRead more
Conservation Parks for Kids
Nothing beats spending time together with the family in the splendour of Australia's beautiful wilderness! And best of all, it's easy to take advantage of the 2700 conservation areas available to keen explorers.Read more

subset: commoncrawl


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101) Aikido & Violence: February 2013
Violence is a subject matter that few people are genuinely comfortable exploring. Violent interactions with others leave an indelible mark upon you. People can be impacted in a large variety of ways regardless of whether you are the person who has done something violent to another person, or you have been the recipient of violence. If you have never violently acted upon another person, or have never been at the receiving end of violence, you will have a hard time in truly understanding the depth of the impact that violence has upon the psyche of another person.
Aikido is a martial art. Martial arts by their very nature, can allow us to explore violence in a hopefully safe, stylized and contained manner. This is an area of exploration that is wrought with difficulties, dangers, fears, anger, and a host of other emotions and response sets. The manner in which the teacher shapes this experience, impacts upon a person's ability to confront violence in a manner that hopefully leads to a safe resolution.
It is very common for Aikido dojos to create an overly collusive training environment that allows for "soft & fuzzy" philosophical ideas to float about in a manner that creates a genuine disconnect between the "realities" experienced in that dojo, and the world at large. It has been my experience that these dojos create a plethora of people who are really good at acting in a passive-aggressive manner, and they then quickly fall apart when they are confronted with, and cannot escape from assertive aggression (words or deeds). Those dojos are great places to feel good and believe that you are creating that "peaceful self". They just need to insure that their life experiences can keep them safely tucked away from a world that can be remarkably violent at times.
Another type of Aikido dojo experience is one that is shaped by a move to the other extreme. This type of dojo seeks to teach "real" stuff that really works with violence. This type of training experience seeks to take innate fear and turn it into pro-active violent responses to perceived threats. These dojos promote themselves as "tough" training experiences meant for only those that can learn to be "tough enough" to survive violent assaults. Injuries in those dojos are worn like achievement badges. The more experienced and tougher you become, the better you become at "helping" the junior students "learn" violent acts intentionally inflicted upon the junior students. The hypervigilance and fear that is fostered, serves to reinforce the need to always been tougher and more violent than you are now. This type of training experience creates a student that has a damaged body and psyche.
Aikido can offer us the opportunity to learn how to remain calm and stable while surrounded by violence. I personally find that the harder that I work on the internal energy training aspects of this art, the more aware I become of how difficult and vitally important it is to remain in a state of dynamic equilibrium, regardless of the external environment. We talk about how Aiki is created as a function of this dynamic balance. We talk about what a profound impact it has upon the attacker. I don't think that we talk enough about how it creates the "eye in the storm". This profound peace that is created is protected from being disturbed from outside forces. This state enables us to be free and safe, while functioning effectively in addressing violence. Creating this place within us comes from the many, many hours of serious training (particularly solo training). Hopefully, we can work in a dojo that trains together in this manner (personally and together). This can enable us to experiment with where we are. We recognize that we will fail, our "buttons" will get pushed, etc.. Keeping an eye on the larger goal of creating that safe space within us, allows us to work through the difficulties that will arise in the dojo.
I am working very hard at fostering this kind of training environment. It is remarkably difficult at all levels. I have to be the conductor in allowing a symphony to exist that creates an order amidst chaos. We have to really trust one another, so that no one is really going to try and intentionally harm the other person. We can get pushed to the point of almost acting in that manner, but we must all rise to the level of recognizing that such a response arises from our own personal failings. As a teacher, I have to remain ever-vigilant of interactions approaching these "boiling points" so that I can use them as examples of how we must shape our training to push each other AND remain safe and in control. This means really accepting our own personal responsibility in violent interactions. It is far easier to displace blame than it is to accept responsibility. The stark reality remains that we all must accept more than our fair share of responsibility when dissecting these incidents "post-mortem". We need to look deep and hard within ourselves as to what we are doing that allows us to not remain in a dynamic equilibrium within ourselves. This can be as simple as having a stiff shoulder, to as complex as not being fully cognizant of how some event from our day is shaping our current experience.
At the end of the day, I expect myself and my students to foster an environment that keeps us on the edge of success and failure, enabling success to prevail. I want us to build upon success during difficult times. The more success and achievement, the more we can allow the severity of the "edge" to greater. If we all accept this communal responsibility, I believe that our dojo can be a very successful Aikido experience that seeks to have us all live up to the high bar set by O'Sensei.
Marc Abrams Sensei


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Beginning in October, look for me at a new location.
After almost 30 years at the Waterloo Region Record (aka The Record, The Kitchener-Waterloo Record and various other iterations), I have been offered and accepted a buyout. Today, Friday, Sept. 27, 2013, is my last day of full-time employment at the daily newspaper.
Take the Lane was not part of my work for The Record; it was part of my fun while I worked here. The Record very kindly hosted this blog, along with other blogs generated by Record employees. But since at the end of this workday, I will no longer be a Record employee, future posts will no longer be hosted by The Record.
When I started Take the Lane in 2007 I was angry -- very angry with the number of cycling deaths happening annually on Ontario roads. One of the categories of the blog was Died on a Ride, which tracked cycling fatalities. But I was also interested in cycling culture -- racing, commuting, recreational riding, touring -- and I have written about all of that here.
The launching of the Share the Road Cycling Coalition at the same time as Take the Lane illustrates the wider interest in cycling in this province. Thanks to STR and a critical mass of cycling infrastructure developers, planners and activists, Ontario has seen the emergence of annual bike summits and more conversations about developing our cbiycling culture.
Yes, there have been some setbacks, particularly from the peculiarly dichotomous Toronto municipal government (do those councillors have any clue what they really want?). But generally, I think the trend has been upward for cycling across Ontario, and it's that progress that I want to keep writing about.
So, Take The Lane returns in mid-October. Same name, different location. The website is being prepared -- but first I'm taking the first holiday of my retirement.
I will tweet out my new location. Follow me on Twitter at @takelane. If you want to email me, please drop [email protected] from your email list and add [email protected]
Looking forward to continuing the conversation with you at the new Take The Lane.


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Tablets and smartphones may be all the rage these days, but here's something computers can do that they can't, for now anyway: display an interactive three-dimensional environment like the one in "3 Dreams of Black," a browser experience from Google and musician/producer Danger Mouse and directed by Chris Milk.
The interactive film brings together much of the team behind the incredible Google/Arcade Fire HTML5 project of last August to showcase what can be done with WebGL, a new technology for the browser that lets websites use your computers graphics card — and judging from an early demonstration on Wednesday, the project has spawned an entirely new way to experience music in a browser.
Google Creative Lab tech lead Aaron Koblin demonstrated this new interactive browser-based music video at Google I/O on Wednesday (screengrab via Google's webcast). The project is not yet online at ro.me, but it should be up Thursday or soon after, as the team is still putting finishing touches on a few details. Koblin demonstrated parts of "3 Dreams of Black," which accompanies the Danger Mouse and Danielle Lupi song "Black" from their spaghetti-western-inspired Rome record, at the Google I/O conference in San Francisco on Wednesday.
This "interactive film" takes place in a three-dimensional environment (similar to the ones you see in modern videogames, as opposed to 3D in the sense of televisions that require glasses) using WebGL, a new web standard embraced by Chrome and FireFox a couple of months ago which lets web developers harness a computer's graphics card to display rich environments.
Your PlayStation doesn't need to be worried — yet — and your tablet can only dream of doing this, for now. But the technique allows a computer browser to display complex graphics that react to mouse movements, allowing a user to move or look around in three dimensions the way one can in some videogames.
The demonstration included a browser-based character modeling amateur computer artists can use to create animals and other elements for inclusion in the game. People will vote on these items, and the most popular ones will be incorporated into everyone else's experience of the film. And all of these tools are open-source, the code freely available for other developers' experimentation.As for the storyline, "3 Dreams of Black" (produced by @radicalmedia) is told from the point of view of a little girl who goes to sleep and has three dreams, each with its own interactive "rabbit hole," explained director Chris Milk.
[partner id="evolverfm" align="right"]Regular users can create new elements for inclusion in other people's experience of the film using this Google-created, open-source, browser-based tool.
"It was two different things coming together," Milk told Evolver.fm via phone on the eve of the announcement, explaining how the project came about. "I did the Arcade Fire's piece, 'The Wilderness Downtown,' with Google, and that was what we call a Chrome Experiment… Separate to that project and that relationship, I was developing another narrative project with Danger Mouse (a.k.a. Brian Burton) and he's a producer behind Gnarls Barkley, Broken Bells, and a zillion other bands."
Danger Mouse and collaborator Danielle Luppi had originally planned to include still photographs from the imaginary movie to which Rome would be the putative soundtrack. Milk convinced Danger Mouse/Burton that it should be possible — not to mention worthwhile — to make something with moving images to accompany the cinematic music of Rome, and thus, this concept of telling a longer "transmedia" narrative was born.
"I have a philosophy about telling stories through multiple channels, and how we as humans are far-more-sophisticated media-consuming beings than we were ten years ago," said Milk. "We can actually track these stories on multiple platforms for longer periods of time."
"3 Dreams of Black" uses WebGL to let us do exactly that, weaving 2D photos, 3D environments, and user control so that the experience never quite unfolds the same way twice. Not only can you look around, but at certain points, your actions determine where you go next, and the whole thing is riddled with surprises.
"There are a lot of 'easter eggs' and hidden things, and at the end of it… there's a lot to explore," said Milk. "It may seem at first like it's just one three-and-a-half-minute-long piece, but if you keep looking and going further, there's no shortage of rabbit holes to go down."
"It is very much like a lucid dream," explained Google's Koblin to Evolver.fm, also via phone. "It starts out with her waking up and going through this journey, passing through a city scene, going on a train ride, and into some prairie-scapes — just a very lucid experience.
"It's being guided by the experience itself, and all the visuals are being presented," he added, "but you have a sense of how it plays out controlling this 'soup' that's flying throughout 3D landscapes and colliding with buildings and atmosphere, like sand dunes."
"[The 'soup' surrounding the character] is interacting with the elements that are there, and also leaving traces, and there's crazy wildlife that's springing forth from the soup. There's a light soup with birds and greenery and a dark soup with bears, wolves, spiders and things like that."
Milk said this impressive-sounding next-generation music video for the browser, set to be released tomorrow or shortly thereafter, is the first installment of a longer narrative along the lines of Pink Floyd's The Wall in scope and ambition — "at least a music video and live tour," and possibly "a long-form feature film" — so stay tuned, and not only for segues to this project. Other bands will likely utilize WebGL to create their own experiences, too.
See Also: - Arcade Fire


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Rob_lsb brauchte ein neues Website Design und hat einen Wettbewerb auf 99designs gestartet.
Aus 95 Designs von 23 Designern wurde eine Gewinner gewählt.
This unique website backups up online accounts like twitter, facebook, blogs, google docs, basecamp, flickr, etc. We need a site redesign that inspires trust and makes the user feel like their data is secure.
People are storing more and more of their lives online. It's important stuff, so we back it up. Secure. Automated. All your accounts in one place.
Lifestreambackup.com works like this... you sign up, you enter the credentials to any accounts you want to back up, then we automate the process. We back up your data from all of these online accounts. We back it up to Amazon's S3 storage. You can download it to your PC if you choose. So, instead of PC to cloud like Carbonite, Mozy, and others, we cloud-to-cloud and cloud-to-PC.
The idea came from a friend who was concerned Flickr may lose some of his photos. A little research showed that it's actually pretty common for some people to lose data from these web 2.0 services. Some of these companies shut down without warning, some lose data and backups, some are the victims of hackers or intentional malice by disgruntled employees. People sometimes delete their own data accidentally, or their personal accounts get hacked.
Poke around on the existing site, http://www.lifestreambackup.com, for more content.
What we want is a more graphic intensive from page. Graphics communicate ideas faster than words. We want to show what we are about very quickly. We want to convey the ideas of security and trust. And of course, we want people to sign up. ($4.95/month or $39.95/yr for 10Gb of storage)
This contest is for the design of the front page. The winner will also be asked to layout 5 other pages, but they will be simple comapred to the home page (about us, FAQ, How it Works, Sign-up, Settings). Mostly it will just require keeping the header/footer and defining the text style and positioning for the page. If you choose to do these extra pages, we will pay an extra $150.
- We like the existing color scheme, but you don't have to keep it if you have something better.
- We don't need a new logo, but if you have a good idea, feel free to include it.
- The page should inspire trust.
- Look at Mozy.com, Carbonite.com, Trueshield.com and Fatcow.com. We like all of them.
- Needs at least one large box that is the focal point, where we can run a promotion, list our unique selling proposition, or put test different types of content.
- Needs a spot for a 1-800 number, preferably near the top
- Should highlight that we use Amazon S3. We want to leverage Amazon's credibility as a cloud storage provider.
- Needs a spot for one (or more) testimonials
- Latest blog posts would be nice to see somewhere, but it isn't required.
- Play up our privacy policy. Users own their data. We don't do anything with it.
- Any ideas you have about messages that might help sell the service, feel free to try them out.
- Ideally, we would like pricing information on the front page.
- Ideally, a user should notice things in this order 1) what we do 2) we are trustworthy 3) other people like it 4)it's reasonably priced 5) sign up
- Nothing that looks like a Joomla or Drupal template. You know what I mean. Those sites have a "look".
- Nothing too cluttered. There is a lot of information to display, but we want to keep it readable.
- No reflections/mirrored graphics


text: Tuesday, July 09, 2013 Training Program Will Foster Consistent, High-Quality Peer Review The House called upon APTA to review current resources and develop needed new resources to provide and promote a process for the training and recognition of physical therapists (PTs) to perform peer review of physical therapist services. APTA's existing position (HOD P06-04-16-15) that only PTs should review physical therapist services hasn't yet been realized; the lack of trained and qualified reviewers is partly to blame, supporting comments for the motion indicated. A report outlining the process and a timeline for completion is due to the 2014 House of Delegates with plans for implementation due no later than January 1, 2015. [RC 29-13] Draft language adopted by the 2013 House of Delegates will be available on the House Community no later than July 12. Final language for all actions taken by the June 2013 House will be available by September after the minutes have been approved. See more results of the 2013 House of Delegates by following this link, or click on July 9 from the News Now calendar.


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Sport levers (Dog-leg handle bar levers) do not just look good, they are produced in this form to follow their function. Especially the more highly-tuned motors with harder clutch spring operation, need the power of your hand to be directly transfered to the clutch cable and so the clutch itself. The dog-leg shape, that gives them their name, allows a more ideal ergonomic function with your left hand. These levers are available in varying colours, finishes, styles and lengths.
SIP-TIP: PK models usually require extra washers due to the extra widths of the mounting spaces. Use two 1.5mm thick washers placed above and below the levers for rock-solid lever operation. (art. no. 97734000, 17492000).


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Star Trek uniforms
Star Trek uniforms are costumes worn by actors portraying personnel from the fictitious organization Starfleet in the Star Trek science fiction franchise. Costume design often changed between various television series and films, especially those representing different time periods, both for appearance and comfort. Deliberately mixing styles of uniforms from the various series was occasionally used to enhance the sense of time travel or alternative universes.
Rank and insigniaEdit
The rank system of the Star Trek universe resembles that of the United States Navy in contrast to other science fiction franchises that use an army ranking system. In Star Trek: The Original Series (TOS) and Star Trek: The Motion Picture, ranks are indicated by sleeve stripes; in later movies based on The Original Series, ranks are indicated by pins on a shoulder strap and the left sleeve. In later television series, ranks are indicated by varying numbers of pips or bars on the individuals' uniform collars.
The insignia are worn on the left breast by all personnel. Originally they were metallic gold, with a black border. However, the specific shape differed based on the ship or base to which the person was assigned, as seen in such TOS episodes as "Court-Martial" or "The Doomsday Machine." In the case of the Enterprise, the insignia was an arrowhead shape. A black symbol within the insignia also indicated the wearer's division — a star with an elongated top point indicated command, a circle crossed by an oval (as a ringed planet) science and medical, and an angular spiral (a galaxy shape) operations and engineering. These same symbols were used on most of the different insignia. In the second pilot, the science/medical and engineering/operations symbols were reversed ("Where No Man Has Gone Before"),[1] and there were other slight variations between the insignia as used in the pilots and in the regular series. [2]
Original seriesEdit
The original uniform designs were the product of designer William Ware Theiss. The original series uniforms consisted of a colored top and dark pants, with significant variations between the designs used in the pilot episodes and the rest of the series.
The first uniforms, as seen in the unaired pilot "The Cage" (footage was re-used in a later episode, "The Menagerie") and again in the second pilot "Where No Man Has Gone Before", are somewhat different from the Starfleet uniform seen in the rest of the original series. The original concept used a heavy, ribbed turtle neck collar of the same color as the tunic for the men, with a cowl neck variation for the women, each in three colors: gold, beige ("sand"), and light blue.
Officers in the first Star Trek pilot, "The Cage," wore a single solid gold sleeve stripe, and only the officer grades of "lieutenant" and "captain" were used in dialog. A "chief" was also visible, but wearing a different sleeve stripe, consisting of two thin lines encircling the cuff, with a wavy gold line appearing above and below these lines. Characters addressed as "crewman" wore no sleeve insignia. In the first pilot, the uniforms also included gray coats with silver rank stripes on the sleeves, worn on away missions and identical for men and women, and an optional gray cap. In the second pilot episode, "Where No Man Has Gone Before," most officers again wore a single stripe; Captain James T. Kirk wore two stripes.
These differences between the rank indicators used in the pilots and those used in the main series could be explained by the fact that creator Gene Roddenberry and wardrobe designer William Ware Theiss had not yet worked out a consistent system for officer-grade indicator markings on the uniforms. This they would work out after the second pilot, "Where No Man Has Gone Before," succeeded in selling the series.
Star Trek: The Original SeriesEdit
The original uniform material was velour. This was used in the first and second seasons because it was cheap and easy to care for, but it shrank after it was dry-cleaned, and it tore easily. Thus, it was replaced, in the third season, by a nylon fabric used in professional baseball uniforms. Differently colored shirts were worn with dark gray trousers — which appeared black on camera[3] — for the men.
While the two pilot episodes depict women wearing trousers, most female Federation personnel wear more revealing costumes after a request from NBC; Grace Lee Whitney suggested miniskirts. William Shatner observed that Star Trek, "to the appreciation of all the men on the set, in fact all around the world, would boast the shortest skirts on women of any regular series on television".[4] Miniskirt-length dresses (of the same materials and colors as the shirts) with cheer briefs and dark tights were worn by the women. Black boots were worn by both sexes. Nichelle Nichols did not believe that the miniskirts were unusually short or revealing:
I was wearing them on the street. What's wrong with wearing them on the air? I wore 'em on airplanes. It was the era of the miniskirt. Everybody wore miniskirts.[5]
On certain occasions, the characters would wear dress uniforms (TOS: first shown in "The Menagerie" and later used in "Court Martial," "Space Seed," "Journey to Babel," and "The Savage Curtain") that are made of a shinier fabric, presumably a polyester satin, and are decorated with gold piping and colored badges that vary depending on rank. Montgomery Scott's dress uniform, especially as seen in "The Savage Curtain," includes a Scottish tartan. Specifically, it is the tartan of the Clan Scott, one of Scotland's oldest clans. Jumpsuits in the same colors with black undershirts were also worn, mostly by background characters.
Beginning with the first regular series episode "The Man Trap", the department colors were slightly altered from the pilot versions: command and helm personnel wear gold shirts; operations, engineering and security personnel wear red; and science and medical personnel wear blue, all with black collars and undershirts.[notes 1] The most commonly used Command Section shirts were actually olive-green in color, but they appeared to be a golden-yellow color called "tenne" both under the lights used on the set and in the post-development film stock. In later series, the gold color was canonized in dialog. However, some uniforms – the alternate shirts worn by Captain Kirk, and the Command Section dress uniforms – were made of a different material which, while the same color, showed up as olive-green even under the lights and when photographed.[6][7][notes 2] The green shirts (seen in TOS: "The Trouble with Tribbles", "Charlie X" and "The Immunity Syndrome") may have the rank stripes on the sleeves or on the collar (TOS: "The Enemy Within"), and always feature the Enterprise assignment patch near the waist as a belt fastener.
Rank stripes around the cuffs were still used to show rank, though more levels had been introduced to differentiate between ranks, and thus identify characters. For most characters, two types of stripe were used: one solid and one dotted; the solid stripe design appears to follow the design of the 'chief' stripe from "The Cage". Captain Kirk wore two solid stripes with a dotted stripe inbetween the two, Commanders (such as Spock) wore two stripes, Lieutenant Commanders (such as Scott and McCoy) wore one solid stripe and one dotted stripe, Lieutenants (such as Uhura and Sulu, as well as many background characters) wore one stripe, whilst Ensigns (such as Chekov) and all enlisted personnel had no stripes at all. Only once was there a rank shown for Lieutenant Junior Grade: a single dotted stripe. Commodores, when seen, wore a wide gold braid with a gold stripe above and below, but flag officers had no distinct uniform of their own.
The frequent death of red-uniformed security officers led to the coining of the popular term "redshirt".
Star Trek: The Animated SeriesEdit
Based on the success and increasing popularity of Star Trek in syndication, an animated version of the series was produced from 1973 to 1974. The uniforms depicted in this series matched the general parameters and appearance of those used in the live action series. The perception by fans of the command uniforms being yellow/gold instead of green, thanks to set lighting and other factors, resulted in the producers committing to a definitive gold-color for animation purposes. The command dress uniforms remained green to match the perceived colors represented by the live action series. However, the uniform pants were colored gray to match the actual fabric used in the live action series as opposed to the black they had appeared to be when filmed.
Original film franchiseEdit
The original plans for the aborted Star Trek: Phase II television series involved retaining TOS uniforms but when the project became Star Trek: The Motion Picture, they were replaced by a new design.[8] Robert Fletcher continued this system when he designed the uniforms for Star Trek: The Motion Picture.
The Motion PictureEdit
The film has multiple uniform styles, including one-piece jumpsuits, matching shirt and pants, and tunics either with buttons or a sash around the waist. All uniform variants include shoes ("foot coverings") built into the legs of the trousers. Some uniforms have short sleeves, while others are long-sleeved, with either standing, v-neck, or turnover collars. Uniforms come in gray, white, gray and white, blue, brown, and beige.
On the Enterprise, the arrowhead still remains the symbol for all staff members, but the elongated star replaces the science department's circle and oval crossover and the ops department's 6-sided spiral. With the uniform colors no longer representing departmental affiliation("Section assignment"), division is indicated by a colored circle set behind the arrowhead: red is for engineering, pale green for medical, orange for science, white for command, pale gold for operations and gray for security.
Most of the uniforms in the first movie also included a noticeable "perscan" (short for personal scanner) medical monitoring device, mentioned in the Gene Roddenberry novelization of The Motion Picture, which appears on the uniforms in the position where one would expect to see a belt buckle.
Rank is indicated by braids on long sleeves or on shoulder boards, identical to TOS. However, in a departure from the TV series, a new ensign rank is indicated, as a dotted braid around the sleeves and on the shoulder boards, as opposed to TOS, where there were no ensign rank indicators of any kind. Non-commissioned officers wear a hollow gold square on the shoulder boards but not at the sleeves, as, again, the show had no rank indicators for NCO's. New rank insignia for admirals are shown, in the shape of three solid braids side-by-side, followed by another solid braid, on its own, with an 8-pointed star on the shoulder boards. There are fewer stripes than on U.S. Navy uniforms, because four stripes for a captain would have looked "too militaristic," [9] reflecting Roddenberry's insistence that the role of Starfleet was expressly not supposed to be military.
Security guards wear white uniforms with brown helmets and breastplates. Engineers wear thick white spacesuits with large, black, ribbed collars.
In The Making of Star Trek: The Motion Picture, Susan Sackett and Gene Roddenberry wrote that the uniforms were redesigned because the bright colors of the 1960s original, so vibrant on television, would distract viewer attention on the big screen. But the designs proved unpopular with their wearers, and when he took over as producer of the motion pictures, Harve Bennett ordered the uniforms redesigned because he did not want "an all-gray crew on an all-gray ship."[citation needed]
Films II–GenerationsEdit
This section relies largely or entirely on a single source. (September 2019)
Fletcher redesigned the costumes for Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan. This design is used in the following movies, up to Star Trek Generations, and variations appear in some flashback scenes of Star Trek: The Next Generation and Star Trek: Voyager. In this costume/uniform, Starfleet officers wear rank insignia on the uniform shoulder strap and left sleeve just above the armband. A service bar is worn just below the sleeve rank pin, denoting how many years of service the officer has devoted to Starfleet in five-year and ten-year increments.
The second movie-era uniform consists of a burgundy ("blood") single-breasted jacket with a black stripe along a sealing mechanism (admirals also had smaller gold stripes below, the number depending on rank), with a colored strip, used to close the tunic, over the right shoulder designating division, attached to which is a rank pin. All uniforms include the command star arrowhead insignia from TOS, now adopted as the Starfleet emblem, on the left chest; officers and admirals a have a white rectangular piece behind the arrowhead, while enlisted personnel do not. Characters also wear a black belt with a buckle shaped like the Starfleet arrowhead in a circle, complete with TOS command star.
In these films, insignia representing departments are not worn; it is instead indicated by the color of the shoulder strap, arm band, and undershirt.[2] The colors include white for command; gold for engineering; gray for science, communications and navigation; dark green for security; light green for medical; dark blue for operations; light blue for special services; and red for low-grade officers and officer cadets. All officer uniforms have a division colored stripe on the outside of the legs on the trousers or skirt that matches the shoulder strap and service bar, except for command branch, whose leg stripes are red, rather than white. Instead of the foot coverings built into the legs of the trousers, the footgear used with this uniform design consisted of black boots whose uppers had heights of eight or ten inches. This costume was nicknamed "The Monster Maroon" uniform because of the difficulty fans often encountered duplicating it.[citation needed]
An alternate "bomber" jacket was worn by Kirk and Scott, as well as Admiral Morrow (Star Trek III: The Search for Spock, Star Trek IV: The Voyage Home, Star Trek V: The Final Frontier). In later years Scotty would often remove the jacket all together, simply wearing a black vest, with numerous pockets useful for an engineer, with his undershirt. Scotty's undershirt itself was inconsistent - wearing a white shirt (consistent with his rank of Captain) with the vest or bomber, but a gold one (used by Engineering crew) with his formal duty tunic.
Security and engineering personnel wear armor and radiation suits, respectively, similar to those worn in The Motion Picture, although security guards wear a red, turtle-necked uniform underneath (Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country). The engineering radiation suits have a colored collar (Star Trek II): black indicates officer, red indicates cadet. There is also a field jacket for away missions with several large pockets, arm patches, white ribbing and a large white turnover collar. Starfleet cadets in The Wrath of Khan wear the same uniforms as officers, but with bright red undershirts and a red shoulder strap instead of one indicating department.
Enlisted personnel wear a one-piece red jumpsuit (similar color to the officer uniform) with tan shoulders and upper chest and black undershirts. Enlisted trainees wore the same uniform, except with a red undershirt instead of a black one. (Star Trek II).
Uniforms similar to this style are shown in the Next Generation television series, although without the turtle-neck or belt (TNG: "Yesterday's Enterprise", "Dark Page", "Family, "Violations").
The Next GenerationEdit
Star Trek: The Next GenerationEdit
The Starfleet officers and crewmembers seen in The Next Generation wear a jumpsuit with a Starfleet communicator badge (or 'combadge' as it was sometimes called) on the left chest and rank insignia on the right side of the collar. The black areas are seen on the shoulders and the pants, and the uniforms's sleeves and abdominal area are colored to indicate the individual's branch, with red indicating command and helm; gold for engineering, security, and operations; and blue for science and medical (TNG: "Encounter at Farpoint"). The division colors for command and operations switched from those used in Enterprise and TOS. In early episodes, some crew members can be seen wearing a tunic version of the uniform with bare legs and boots.
Beverly Crusher often wears a blue laboratory coat over her standard uniform, beginning in TNG: "The Naked Now." The lab coat was primarily developed to hide the pregnancy of Gates McFadden. The blue tended to appear teal under certain lighting conditions in the later seasons and subsequent spinoffs. In some episodes of the later seasons, starting in TNG: "Darmok", Jean-Luc Picard would sometimes wear a different uniform that consisted of a gray shirt with ribbed black shoulders and collar with a "bomber jacket" that was red overall with black ribbed shoulders, often worn open or very loosely fastened. The uniforms could be fitted with pouches for carrying tricorders and Type 2 phasers on the waist, and the early versions had a small pocket built in on the left side of the waist for carrying a smaller Type 1 phaser when appearing openly armed was not desired. The removable gear pouches were also incorporated into the uniforms used in DS9 and the TNG-era films from First Contact onward.
LeVar Burton, on the first two seasons' uniforms[10]
In the show's early seasons, the uniforms were one-piece jumpsuits made of Spandex, and sized slightly too small so that they would be stretched when worn and provide a smooth appearance. But the cast members hated the uniforms's painfully tight fit and lack of pockets,[10] and after Patrick Stewart's chiropractor warned that they risked permanent injury, the actors persuaded the costumers to gradually replace them with wool uniforms.[11] The wool uniforms, which most main cast members wear from the third season onward, are two-piece (shirt and pants) designs that lack colored piping on the shoulders and edges of the pant leg cuffs and have a raised collar. The collar of the shirt has a colored edge of a width similar to that of the original diamond-shaped shoulder piping. The spandex uniforms continued to make appearances throughout TNG, usually worn by extras in various scenes. These were later altered to lack the piping on the shoulders and trouser hems and include a raised collar as a cost-cutting measure.
Admirals wore numerous different uniform variations in the early years of TNG - beginning in the sixth season, a final design was settled on, featuring an untucked jacket with gold piping along a centered enclosure on the front, and rank pips (indicating the number of "stars"), encased in a gold square, on both sides of the collar.
The TNG dress uniform, which continued to be used in Deep Space Nine and Voyager, is a colored wraparound robe-like coat of a solid division color, save for black shoulders. The edges of the robe-like coats are piped in silver for field officers and in gold for flag officers.
Other uniform designs appeared briefly in individual episodes - always following the theme of a colored or differentiated shoulder yoke. Examples include cadet uniforms in several episodes (including "The First Duty"). Wesley Crusher's 'Acting Ensign' gray costume was never specifically identified as a uniform, but it also exhibited a shoulder yoke design.
Theiss, the costume designer from the original series, returned to design the initial TNG uniforms; they marked his last contribution to Star Trek wardrobe before he died. The costumes adopted from season 3 onwards and later series' costumes were designed by Robert Blackman.
During all the shows set in the 24th century, a consistent insignia scheme is used for officers: a series of gold pips, either a solid color or an outline, worn on each officer's right collar. After the first season of Star Trek: The Next Generation, a consistent scheme is also used for admiral insignia: a series of gold circles inside a black rectangle with a gold border worn on both collars.[2]
For the first season of TNG, admirals wear a different insignia, consisting of a triangle or stripe resembling gold weave along the right collar; one or two gold pips are sometimes underneath the weave. Three variants are visible in "Conspiracy": Admiral Quinn's insignia has no pips, Admiral Savar's has one, and Admiral Aaron's has two.
A Starfleet insignia is worn on the left breast: this also functions as a communicator badge. This combadge insignia was redesigned for the movie Star Trek Generations (the only surviving part of a planned redesign of the uniforms), replacing the oval with a trapezoid with a cutout oval in the center.[12] This new combadge is also used in Star Trek: Deep Space Nine from season three onward, and in Star Trek: Voyager.
Cadet ranks are rarely ever seen, with the exception of the various visits from Wesley Crusher to the Enterprise in TNG. As it appears in those instances, it can be surmised that the insignia of a Cadet consists of 1, 2, 3, or 4 copper and black bars, similar to those of a modern Lieutenant in the United States Army. It can also be surmised that if a cadet has 1 bar, he has 1 year at the academy. 2 for 2 years, and so on.
Enlisted ranks are seen even less; their insignia are unclear.
Star Trek: Deep Space NineEdit
Deep Space Nine introduced a new style of uniform that appeared to run in parallel to the one seen on TNG. The new uniform comprised a single two-piece open-necked jumpsuit with the colored and black areas of the TNG uniform reversed (black torso and colored shoulders) and the science division is now blue-green with the upper part being a removable jacket along with a visible zipper. The division colors use the same TNG scheme. A grayish-indigo mock turtleneck undershirt was added, to which rank pips are affixed. The characters of Major Kira and Odo did not wear Starfleet uniforms, as they were part of the Bajoran forces. Throughout the run of DS9, ship-based Starfleet personnel continue to wear the older uniform design. Sisko also wore the TNG uniform on certain formal occasions, during his first arrival at DS9 (in the series pilot episode, "Emissary"), and when he was temporarily given the duties of "Head of Security" for Starfleet Headquarters on Earth (in the Season 4 episode, "Paradise Lost"). Admirals also retained the TNG style. A uniform similar to that appearing in the DS9 series can be seen in the TNG Season 3 episode "Allegiance", worn by the alien masquerading as a Starfleet cadet. The DS9 uniforms were first used in the premiere episode, "Emissary" and would continued to be used up to the Season 5 episode, "The Ascent".
Following the release of Star Trek: First Contact, the new gray movie uniform design also appeared in DS9's fifth season and for the remainder of the series. However, the old DS9 uniform appears four more times following the introduction of the movie gray uniform design in the Season 5 episodes, "In Purgatory's Shadow" and "By Inferno's Light" worn by the real Dr. Julian Bashir while still being trapped in the Internment Camp 371 as well as the Season 7 episode, "Field of Fire" in a photograph and in the flashback scenes of the series finale, "What You Leave Behind".
Star Trek GenerationsEdit
New uniforms were designed and made for the film Star Trek Generations, but were abandoned at the last minute. These included a fastening on the right side of the chest and a slightly more militaristic approach with rank bandings on the sleeves and a colored collar. The costumes for the female crew-members were different - instead of the additional fastening, there was a higher than previously seen black band around the waist. Nonetheless, Playmates Toys released a number of action figures wearing these planned uniforms. Generations instead has the crew wearing both TNG and DS9 uniforms, sometimes in the same scene (for instance, Worf and Riker in the battle against the Duras Sisters' Bird of Prey or Data and Geordi scanning the Amargosa Observatory for trilithium) as Jonathan Frakes and LeVar Burton had to borrow Avery Brooks and Colm Meaney's costumes respectively since the time was so short while there was enough time to make DS9-style costumes to fit on Patrick Stewart and Brent Spiner. However, Worf is the only male in the TNG crew to not wear the DS9 uniform in the film, although he would later join the DS9 crew in the fourth season of Deep Space Nine and none of the females wear the DS9 uniform in the film. [13]
As the film progresses, some characters can alternate between the TNG and DS9 uniforms and sometimes switch back to the old TNG uniforms (for instance, Picard switched back to the TNG uniform in the film's last scene). This would act as an introduction of the new design as standard shipboard wear for Star Trek: Voyager.
The new style combadge (with the previous gold oval background replaced by a rectangular gold background with a cutout in the center) was also introduced for all uniform types. This combadge was subsequently adopted for DS9 (at the beginning of its third season) and Star Trek: Voyager.
Star Trek: VoyagerEdit
The crew in Star Trek: Voyager use the same uniforms seen in the early episodes of Deep Space Nine throughout the show's run. Stuck in the Delta Quadrant and out of contact with Starfleet, unlike the TNG crew and the DS9 crew, the Voyager crew never makes the switch to the updated uniform seen in later DS9 episodes and in the last three TNG films as they continued to use the old DS9 uniforms for the remainder of the series, although in the episode "Message in a Bottle" in season 4 of the series the EMH mark II is wearing the later DS9/movie gray TNG uniform. Starfleet personnel back in the Alpha Quadrant are seen wearing this uniform in later seasons of the show as well, when Voyager manages to reestablish contact with home. The crew also wears the TNG-style dress uniforms (VOY: "Course: Oblivion", "Someone to Watch Over Me", "One Small Step", "Ashes to Ashes").[11]
B'Elanna Torres is sometimes seen wearing an overcoat over her normal uniform which matches the colors of her normal uniform, but has a pocket on the right breast for carrying small tools. The jacket was used in an attempt to hide actress Roxann Dawson's pregnancy. She wore it again when her character became pregnant, beginning in the episode "Q2".
Voyager used the new-style combadge and introduced 'provisional' rank insignia which consisted of a gold-metal-bordered enamel oval in the crewman's Branch color with diagonal black or gold bars to signify rank instead of the traditional pips. Provisional ranks were worn by the Maquis members of Voyager's crew, as they were ineligible to wear official Starfleet ranks. All ranks up to Captain appeared on screen; The Star Trek Encyclopedia showed them all to be analogous to the normal rank system.[2] A black diagonal bar is equal to a black pip and a gold diagonal bar is equal to a gold pip. (e.g.: a yellow-enamel oval with 1 black bar and 2 gold bars signifies a Lieutenant-Commander in Operations, which is normally signified by 1 black pip and 2 gold pips.)
The crew aboard the USS Equinox also use the same uniforms seen in the early episodes of Deep Space Nine as they are also stuck in the Delta Quadrant and out of contact with Starfleet (VOY: "Equinox (Parts I and II)").
The 29th-century officers in the Star Trek: Voyager episode "Relativity" wear chevron-like collar insignia (worn in a horizontal line like the pips and oriented pointing forwards towards the collar). Captain Braxton wears 4 gold chevrons (equivalent to 4 gold pips) and Lieutenant Ducane wears 2 gold chevrons (equivalent to 2 gold pips). The new Starfleet insignia is a silver diamond shape inset with a gold "Arrowhead" symbol facing to the left; this is probably a combination communicator and temporal beacon. The tunics have a quilted fabric in branch color on the right shoulder and sleeve (Blue for Command, Olive Drab Brown for Operations, and Gray for Sciences) and branch-color piping on the edge of the shoulder yoke.
In "Living Witness",[14][15] the crew was shown to be wearing black undershirts with a high collar (turtleneck style) instead of the usual grayish-indigo undershirts with a low collar, no combadges or rank insignia, while some were wearing black gloves including Captain Kathryn Janeway. This was in the context of historical records that wrongly asserted that Voyager's crew had acted in a malign manner, until corrected by The Doctor, who was brought back to life 700 years in the future after a "relic" (containing a backup copy of his program) was discovered among wreckage and his program was recovered.[15]
Movies from Star Trek: First Contact on and later DS9 seasonsEdit
Star Trek: First Contact introduces a new uniform style later adopted in DS9 (DS9: "Rapture"). This uniform features a colored turtleneck undertunic (with the same departmental color scheme as in earlier shows) covered by a black jacket with colored bands on the lower sleeves near the cuffs showing the wearer's division, the shoulders and upper chest of which are ribbed and made of thick, violet-gray material. Like the last two uniforms, the communicator badge is worn on the jacket, while rank pins are worn on the undertunic's collar. The pants are black. Star Trek: Insurrection also introduced a new dress uniform, consisting of a white jacket and black pants both with gold trim, a gray ribbed tunic (white tunic for flag officers and captains), and rank insignia on the collar of the tunic with the combadge worn in the customary location on the jacket. Unlike the previous uniform, it was the same color regardless of the wearer's division, save for colored bands on the lower sleeves like the standard uniform. It also appeared in the DS9 episode "Inter Arma Enim Silent Leges". Captains also had the option of a more casual uniform vest of the same basic design, though the violet-gray extended much lower.
As depicted in Insurrection, a new admiral's duty uniform was shown, looking similar to those worn by officers, and yet containing markers to set it apart from the ordinary. The stripes on the jacket cuffs are double the width of those on the officer's jacket, and they show the admiral's rank insignia. The jacket also has gold edging. Furthermore, the admiral's uniform incorporates a belt, whose buckle is either a plain gold rectangle, as seen frequently in DS9, or a gold oval with an image of the United Federation of Planets' Seal, as was the case with Admiral Dougherty from Insurrection.
Ancillary uniformEdit
Starfleet personnel fighting in ground battles appear in the DS9 episodes "...Nor the Battle to the Strong" and "The Siege of AR-558". They wear one-piece black uniforms with divisional stripes across the chest.
Alternative timelinesEdit
In the TNG episode "All Good Things...", an alternate timeline showed a uniform with the full color shirt (including shoulders). The same colors were used and the rank insignia would be shown above the right breast over a black line which cut off the shoulder area. These uniforms would also make an appearance in the Star Trek: Deep Space Nine episode "The Visitor" and the Star Trek: Voyager episode "Endgame". These episodes also included a new combadge design where the starfleet arrow was just an outline surrounded by two gold vertical bars. This badge was also worn by Geordi La Forge in the Star Trek: Voyager episode "Timeless" but on the gray shoulder uniform used in the last three TNG movies and the later episodes of Deep Space Nine.[16]
The Star Trek: The Next Generation episode "Parallels" used an alternate combadge design where rank was denoted by the number of bars behind the arrowhead.
Variations in uniforms and insignia are occasionally used as plot devices in the various series. In the episode "Future Imperfect", the insignia are slightly altered so as to convince a character that 16 years have passed. In the episode, "Parallels", variations in uniforms and insignia suggest a meeting of characters from different parallel universes.
Prequel eraEdit
Star Trek: EnterpriseEdit
In Enterprise, field officers and crewmembers wear duty uniforms consisting of a dark long-sleeved undershirt and blue jumpsuit with colored piping around the shoulders and, occasionally, baseball caps. There is also a desert uniform with khaki pants and white shirt. Both uniforms have a United Earth Starfleet patch (featuring the stylized arrowhead emblem) on the right upper arm, and a patch left upper arm denoting the ship one is serving on. Enterprise, set before all other incarnations, did not include characters who hold the ranks of lieutenant commander or lieutenant, junior grade. The highest-ranking admiral seen wears two sets of three-pip insignia.
Division colors follow the original TOS scheme, with command and flight control officers wearing gold piping, engineering, communications, and security officers wearing red piping, and medical and science officers (including linguists) wearing blue piping. Throughout the series, men and women wear the same type of uniform. Unlike the other series' uniforms, standard uniforms on Enterprise include zip-up pockets, and the undershirt is buttoned at the neck - while Gene Roddenberry had explicitly forbidden such devices as buttons and zippers on Starfleet uniforms, believing they would be obsolete in the future, designer Bob Blackman consciously used them as a way of dating the series, implying that closures Roddenberry envisioned had not been invented yet. Blackman described the jumpsuits as "more like a NASA flight suit" than the previous Starfleet costumes,[17] and actors from other Star Trek shows envied the Enterprise actors' much more comfortable and conventional outfits.[18][19]
On certain occasions, Enterprise characters wear dress uniforms similar to the blue jumpsuit, decorated with the same pattern of colored piping, but lacking the zip-up pockets and combined with a white long-sleeved undershirt and, sometimes depending on rank, a white tie.
Rank insignia on duty uniforms are worn on right side of shoulders only, but rank insignia on dress uniforms are worn on both sides.
Also, there are two different kinds of field jackets worn on away missions. They have zippered pockets and the same colored pipings as the jumpsuits, as well as cold weather gear, pressure suits, spacesuits, an EV undersuit, and a royal blue undergarment with slight differences on male and female garments.
During the series, T'Pol is almost never seen wearing the standard uniform although she is a commissioned officer in Starfleet, and often considered to be the first officer. The only times she wears the uniform is in the episode "Twilight" (featuring an alternate timeline) and briefly (as a disguise) in "Hatchery".
Star Trek: DiscoveryEdit
In 2017's Star Trek: Discovery, set ten years prior to Star Trek: The Original Series, the uniform underwent another redesign. Like its Enterprise predecessor, a blue uniform was worn, with a shirt-trouser combination with a single collar on the left side. A large zipper fastens the front of the shirt, and pants pockets have zippers as well. Repeating patterns of tiny delta insignias ran down the sides of the uniforms, its colors denoting the wearer's division. The classic yellow, blue, red combination was eschewed in favor of gold, silver and copper for command, sciences and operations respectively. Ranks were embedded onto the Starfleet Delta, along with gold shoulder stripes for captains and shoulder stripes plus gold shoulder markings for admirals, and following the same standard as Star Trek: The Next Generation style rank insignias.[20]
"Reboot" filmsEdit
J.J. Abrams' Star Trek series takes place in a parallel universe called the "Kelvin timeline".
Star Trek (2009 film)Edit
The 2009 Star Trek film features uniforms reminiscent of the original television series but with some cosmetic changes. The badge (already the logo of the full Starfleet instead of specific to the Enterprise) is now a pin rather than sewn on and comes in silver-metal for officers and gold-metal for admirals. The tops are now in two layers: a wide-collared colored over-shirt (gold, blue, or red just as in the original series) with a quilted pattern and a colored hem-line from the neck to the armpit, and a black undershirt, visually imitating the black collar of the original TOS design. The over-shirt has the division delta badge shape printed onto the fabric providing a textured appearance. Rank is indicated by 1 to 4 silver metallic-cloth bands worn above the overshirt's cuffs (1 for lieutenants, 2 for commanders, 3 for captains, and 4 for flag officers).
As in the original series, female officers wear dresses, some with short sleeves (seen on Lt. Uhura), others with long sleeves (as seen on some of the background extras). Also, a number of women onboard can be seen wearing the long sleeve top and pants uniform similar to those worn in "The Cage". Unlike other Trek, this uniform is worn only aboard starships - other personnel wear black one-piece uniforms of a much more "military" appearance. In an unexplained change from previous series, many female crew members wear nail polish (Uhura wears black polish, while many extras wear red).
Dress uniforms for academy cadets and staff are crimson, while flag officers (fleet captains and admirals) use a gray uniform with a white false-plastron front. The design is similar to that in The Motion Picture, stated by designer Michael Kaplan in the book Star Trek: The Art of the Film to be a deliberate homage. Rank is indicated by 1 to 5 paired diamond-shaped silver-metal "pips" worn on the tunic's shoulder-boards (ensigns wear 1 paired pip, lieutenants wear 2 paired pips, commanders wear 3 paired pips, captains wear 4 paired pips, and flag officers wear 5 paired pips).
Star Trek Into Darkness (2013 film)Edit
The uniforms in the second J. J. Abrams Star Trek film are developed further. The formal uniform for Starfleet officers on the ground is shown to be a mid-gray in color and a similar style to the red uniforms worn by the academy cadets in the first film. A more informal uniform jumpsuit is worn at various points by several characters (including Kirk and Scotty). These jumpsuits have high collars and are made of a dark gray fabric, with triangles of transparent plastic at the collarbones which show the color of the officer's regular uniform shirt beneath.
The personnel on the USS Vengeance wear a different duty uniform from the norm. It consists of black trousers and undershirt, with a quilted blue overshirt with long black sleeves and black cloth epaulets. This might either be the uniform of a private armed security or military contractor company hired by Marcus through Section 31 or the duty uniform for Section 31 itself (the blue indicating its Research & Development wing). Admiral Marcus' rank on this uniform is indicated by a wide silver band over a narrow silver band and under two narrow silver bands on the cuff; this might be[weasel words] the duty uniform insignia for a Commodore.
Rank for admirals (as worn by Admiral Alexander Marcus) is indicated by 1 to 5 paired diamond-shaped gold-metal "pips" worn on the flag officer tunic's shoulder-boards. Marcus is described as a fleet Admiral (usually equivalent to a NATO five-star military rank) and wears 5 paired gold pips on his shoulder-boards. There are other ranks mentioned in the movies (Kirk himself is offered the rank of Vice-Admiral in Star Trek: Beyond). If the rank scheme is similar to NATO ranks they would be: Commodores wear 1 paired gold pip, Rear Admirals wear 2 paired gold pips, Vice-Admirals wear 3 paired gold pips, and Admirals wear 4 paired gold pips. Alternatively, the rank of fleet captain (a senior grade of captain and brevet flag officer rank) is signified by 5 paired silver pips, and the rank of admiral is always signified by 5 paired gold pips regardless of grade.
Other publicationsEdit
Some licensed Star Trek publications present some insignia that contradict the ones shown on screen or in other publications. For example, the second and third editions of The Star Trek Encyclopedia offer differing insignia for various Starfleet ranks.[21] Additionally, some Star Trek publications, including officially licensed ones, posit additional ranks that are not seen or mentioned in live-action productions.
See alsoEdit
- ^ "The Man Trap"
- ^ "The Cage" and "Where No Man Has Gone Before"
- ^ "2245-2265 Divisions". St-spike.org. Retrieved March 10, 2015.
- ^ a b c d Okuda, Michael; Okuda, Denise (1999). The Star Trek Encyclopedia: A Reference Guide to the Future (Updated and expanded ed.). New York: Pocket Books. ISBN 0-671-03475-8.
- ^ Gurian, Gerald (March 8, 2009). "Star Trek Exhibition In Detroit - Original Series Captain Kirk Uniform". Startrekpropauthority.blogspot.com. Retrieved January 23, 2013.
- ^ Steele, Brian. "False facts about Star Trek you always thought were true". Grunge. Retrieved January 21, 2020.
- ^ "Nichelle Nichols - Communications expert Uhuru from Star Trek's Original series". BBC. Retrieved May 7, 2011.
- ^ Gurian, Gerald (May 4, 2008). "Bill Theiss Lost Interview". Startrekpropauthority.blogspot.com. Retrieved January 23, 2013.
- ^ Gurian, Gerald (May 17, 2008). "Special Photostudy Star Trek TOS Command Tunic". Startrekpropauthority.blogspot.com. Retrieved January 23, 2013.
- ^ Reeves-Stevens, Judith; Reeves-Stevens, Garfield (1997). Star Trek, Phase II: The Lost Series. New York: Pocket Books. ISBN 9780671568399.
- ^ Sackett, Susan (1980). The Making of Star Trek. New York: Pocket Books. ISBN 978-0-671-79109-4.
- ^ a b "Star Trek: TNG: An Oral History". Entertainment Weekly. September 25, 2007. Retrieved May 7, 2011.
- ^ a b "BBC Two - Star Trek". Bbc.co.uk. August 25, 2007. Retrieved March 10, 2015.
- ^ "New Movie Costumes Planned". Star Trek Monthly. Titan Magazines. June 1996. p. 7.
- ^ Jose, Maria; Tenuto, John (December 23, 2013). "Collecting Trek: Toys, Cards & More Depicting Deleted Scenes". Star Trek.com. Retrieved December 25, 2013.
- ^ Star Trek Voyager - The Complete Fourth Season (DVD). Paramount. September 28, 2004.
- ^ a b Braga, Brannon; Menosky, Joe; Berman, Rick (April 28, 1998). "Living Witness". Star Trek: Voyager. Season 4. Episode 23. UPN.
- ^ "Star Trek Timeless". Startrek.com. November 18, 1998. Retrieved January 23, 2013.
- ^ "Bob Blackman on uniforms in Enterprise". BBC. Retrieved December 31, 2006.
- ^ "Garret Wang - Voyager's ever-dependable Ensign Harry Kim". BBC. Retrieved May 7, 2011.
- ^ "Jonathan Frakes - The Next Generation's Number One, Will Riker, and Trek director". BBC. Retrieved May 7, 2011.
- ^ Harvey, Aaron (June 22, 2017). "A Close-Up Look At 'Star Trek: Discovery' Uniforms [INFOGRAPHIC]". TrekMovie.com. Retrieved August 28, 2017.
- ^ Michael Okuda; Denise Okuda; Debbie Mirek (May 17, 2011). The Star Trek Encyclopedia. Pocket Books/Star Trek. ISBN 978-1-4516-4688-7. Retrieved May 6, 2013. Images accessible at "Rank Comparison". Spike's Star Trek Page Rank Chart. Retrieved December 26, 2006.
External linksEdit


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We are launching 2 websites that work together and are part of the same parent company. ResearchOasis.com and WritingOasis.com. ResearchOasis.com will be a site that connects scientists and research groups with private sector investors/companies. WritingOasis.com will be a site that connects scientists/researchers with professional science writers who can help them with potential publications, grant applications, and other misc writing tasks. The logos must be sharp, sophisticated, but iconic and simple.
WritingOasis.com ResearchOasis.com
The WritingOasis logo and the ResearchOasis logo should bothincorporate an icon of an oasis - see URLs in the WANTS section. Andthen the Writing logo will have an icon/graphic that suggests "writing"- this could be a stylized pen or some other "writing icon" including apiece of parchment. The Research logo will have the "oasis" icon andthen some type of icon that suggests "technology/research." Ideallythe technology/research icon should suggest a combination of"computers, technology, medicine". So whatever creative icon strikesyou, please incorporate with the "oasis" icon and then we'll have theperfect logo. Thesesites are primarily going to be used by scientists in academia, otherhigh profile research teams, private sector investors, technologycompanies, and writing professionals. This project is to develop both logos although again,they should share a common look/feel (maybe this happens with the"oasis icon" that both logos should contain) people should be able to tellthat these sites/brands are sisters/related. This being said, the two logos should not beidentical.
- More serious colors suggesting substantial, safe, professional- Logos should be able to stand without the .com if necessary
- For the icon for the WritingOasis.com logo, we were thinking a stylized pen or paper/parchment
- For the icon for the ResearchOasis.com logo, we want a clean icon that suggests computers, research, technology
- Both logos can incorporate the "oasis" iconography - thinkhttp://thecontaminated.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/02/ubari-oasis.jpg(top image) orhttp://7art-screensavers.com/screens/3d-oasis/oasis-3d-paradise-beach-palms.jpg
- Text should appear next to icon - not on top oficon/graphic. the text should be "Writing Oasis" and "Research Oasis"(without the quotes of course) -- probably the fonts for both logosshould be the same
- Need vector file format with fonts (would like illustrator file
- Looking for logo that would work against both light and dark background
- Logo will primarily appear on website and business literature (stationary, and maybe ads)
- We don't want anything too detailed or elaborate
- We don't want bright colors
Finden Sie heraus, wie ein Designwettbewerb funktioniert, oder lernen Sie mehr über unsere Logo-Design-Angebote.


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Get the money you need for college
Some students may believe they are not financially capable of attending a college or university; however, almost everyone can afford Sullivan University. Even if you think you're not financially fit, Sullivan's Financial Planning Office will offer advice and find ways to help you obtain the financial assistance necessary to complete your education. If you want to obtain financial aid information, please contact an admissions officer as early as possible to coordinate an appointment with Financial Planning. Day, evening and weekends appointments are available.
Military: There are several opportunities exclusively for military personnel, including 100% paid tuition of up to 16 credit hours per year. You can learn more about these opportunities online from the Army Continuing Education System.
Grants are a one-time source of financial aid. Like scholarships, grants generally do not need to be repaid. Students at Sullivan University may be eligible for several grants, including:
- College Access Program Grants — available to students with proven need
- Federal Pell Grants — available to lower-income families, and which does not have to be repaid (all Sullivan campuses)
- Federal Supplemental Opportunity Educational Grants — for students with exceptional need (Louisville and Ft. Knox campuses and the National Center for Hospitality Studies)
- Kentucky Tuition Grant — for Kentucky students with proven need who have met KHEAA's residency requirements
- Sullivan Institutional Grants — provided by the school to students with demonstrated need (all Sullivan campuses)
Contact an admissions officer now if you are interested in information about financial aid. It's the first step to getting an appointment with a financial counselor (available even on nights and weekends).
Low Interest Loans
Student loans are available to help you pay tuition at any Sullivan University campus. These loans are available from the federal government and other sources for students who qualify. The most popular student loan programs are as follows:
- Federal Direct Parent and Student Loans — low-interest loans for students and parents
- Federal Subsidized Loans — providing up to $3,500 the first 46 credit hours (and potentially more thereafter)
- Federal Perkins Loans — providing up to $5,500 per academic year for students who demonstrate need
- Federal PLUS and Federal Unsubsidized Stafford Loans — for students who do not qualify for the above-listed loan programs
- Career Education Funds — institutional loans for students who don't qualify otherwise for adequate financial aid. The loan amounts vary according to need.
If you are interested in information about student loans, talk to an admissions officer today for an appointment with a financial counselor:
Louisville – 502-456-6505 / 800-844-1354
Lexington – 859-276-4357 / 800-467-6281
Fort Knox – 502-942-8500 / 800-562-6713
Online – 502-413-8830 / 866-755-7887
Center for Learning – Louisa – (606) 826-2971 / (800) 844.1354
UPS Earn & Learn
Due to a joint venture between Sullivan University's Louisville campus and United Parcel Service, students able and willing to work part-time can receive significant financial assistance to pay tuition and other costs. Contact the Admissions or Financial Planning department for details. (Louisville campus only)


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Mac DVR-MS to MP4 - How to convert DVR-MS to MP4 on Mac?
DVR-MS is short for Microsoft Digital Video Recording, it's a proprietary video and audio file container format. It's friendly for Windows users but not Mac users. Some Mac users don't know how to play the DVR-MS files or even edit these files on Mac with the vdieo editing software. DVR-MS is not compitable well with Mac OS, so it's necessary to change the file format and make it usable. Thus, we need to convert DVR-MS to MP4 on Mac.
MP4 format is a popular video format and it's widely used in many software application on Mac. Mac DVR-MS to MP4 Converter is such a software which can help you to convert DVR-MS to MP4 on Mac. This converter is easy-to-use, and it own powerful conversion functions. MP4 is not the only chocie, you can convert DVR-MS to other video formats like MOV, FLV, MKV, MPG, AVI, WMV, and so on.
In the other hand, this DVR-MS to MP4 Converter for Mac also has many eidting functions. You can crop videos, merge videos, trim videos, add watermark. It's powerful for Mac users to convert DVR-MS files. Once conversion finished, you can play the converted DVR-MS files and enjoy them on some poratble devices like iPod, iPhone, iPad, PSP, etc. It must be funny.
Follow the guide, you can convert DVR-MS to MP4 easily by using DVR-MS Converter for Mac.
Step 1. Free download, install and launch the Mac DVR-MS Converter.
After running this Mac DVR-MS Converter, then just click "Add" button to upload the DVR-MS videos from your Mac.
Step 2. Select output format and set the destination
Click on the drop-down list of "Format" to choose the output format, Here you can choose MP4 as the output format. Then you can click "browse" to set your converted files destination.
Step 3. Click "Convert" button to start converting DVR-MS format on Mac.
Of couser, if you would like, there are some editig fnctions to allow you make you videos before convert DVR-MS files, like add watermark, trim video, crop video. When all things are ready, just click "Convert" button to convert DVR-MS on Mac.


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Young perfect in two innings in bullpen debut
OAKLAND -- Chris Young well remembers the only other time before Sunday he has pitched out of the bullpen while wearing a Major League uniform.
"It didn't go well," Young said with a smile. "It was the 2007 All-Star Game. Ichiro hit an inside-the-park home run off me."
Young, 34, made a better showing Sunday in his first regular-season relief appearance, as the 6-foot-10 right-hander threw two perfect innings with two strikeouts for the Mariners in a 6-3 loss to the A's.
Now in his 10th big league season, Young has made 159 career starts, and he signed with the Mariners two weeks ago to be their fifth starter after he was released by the Nationals. But his first scheduled outing was skipped when Friday's game with the A's was postponed due to poor field conditions at O.co Coliseum.
Manager Lloyd McClendon chose to keep his other starters on schedule and moved Young into a long relief role for now. With two off-days coming up during this week's opening homestand at Safeco Field, a fifth starter most likely will not be needed until April 15 at Texas.
By that time, it is possible that Taijuan Walker will be ready to come back from a Minor League injury rehab stint. So Young's opportunity to show how far he has come since his surgery last year to relieve thoracic outlet syndrome could rest largely on his relief outings.
The big right-hander says his shoulder finally feels healthy for the first time in five years, but getting a chance to prove that has been elusive. His most recent Major League game before Sunday was in 2012. In Sunday's 6-3 loss to the A's, he replaced Erasmo Ramirez in the fifth inning with no outs and two on.
Young allowed one of Ramirez's runs to score on a sacrifice fly, but he retired all six batters he faced.
McClendon said he took Young out after two innings so he would still be available in relief if needed Tuesday when the Mariners open their home season against the Angels. Young will take whatever he can get.
"I felt strong," he said. "Those two innings went by pretty quickly, but I'll be ready to go Tuesday and give the club whatever they need.
"The game is still the same. You have to make quality pitches. There are no excuses. Once you get the ball, you've got to get the job done. So that's been my mentality, take the ball and try to get outs."


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If you are heading for a business meeting, job interview or a simple weekend out with your boys, moccasins are the perfect choice for all these occasions. Now you can keep up your style statement intact while experiencing great comfort with these stylish shoes. Moccasins are probably the most versatile type of shoes worn by men. They go perfectly with your look for any event. So, before you head out to a party or corporate event, have a look at the best variety of men's moccasin shoes available in stores and make your choice. A lot of people get easily confused between loafers and moccasins. Moccasins lack heel and are made up of a pure leather sole which is brought up to the sides and attached to a U-shaped leather piece on the top. The simplicity of this design is the main reason behind the extended comfort of moccasins. The outer leather surface of these shoes reflects a unique style with the combination of various designs and patterns. With a variety of in-sole options available, you can always adjust your moccasins as per your comfort level.
A Walk You Will Remember: The Comfortable Moccasins
Native Americans were the first ones to use these moccasins for men as their daily use footwear. As time passes, moccasins have evolved tremendously and became more of a fashion statement. Built with soft leather and comfortable insole, moccasins are the fabrication of style and comfort. One can check the different kinds of moccasin shoes for men as per their purpose.
Hard Sole Moccasins
With the addition of rubber or crepe to the sole of the shoe, it is possible to wear and walk in these moccasins on all surfaces. Be it a smooth office floor or a more rugged uneven surface, the moccasins will make you feel comfortable. The addition of an extra layer to the sole makes it possible to wear these shoes everywhere as the hard sole protects your feet from water, sharp rocks, slippery surface, etc.
Driving Moccasins
Driving moccasins for men are gaining a lot of popularity throughout the world. Unlike the traditional soft leather moccasins shoes, these shoes comprise of an insole with little knobs which peak through the holes of the leather sole. Due to these knobs, the shoe gets a better grip which makes them perfect for driving as you can press the clutch, brake or accelerator pedal of your car and keep control.
Soft Sole Moccasins
These moccasins provide you uttermost comfort. They are also termed as a loafer or home shoe and designed to be worn commonly indoors due to their soft leather sole. They can also be worn outside if the weather and conditions allow. You can wear them easily on grass and dry surfaces. To increase room for comfort, these moccasins have less traction. A lot of people enjoy wearing these lightweight and comfortable soft leather sole in their homes.
How to/When to Style Moccasins for Men
Moccasins can easily complement numerous styles of outfits. If you are looking for a structured formal appeal or a smart casual look, moccasins are your best choice. These formal shoes can perfectly accompany you to a board meeting as well as days of travelling. Comprising of a flat sole and variety of design, these shoes can become the centre of attraction if worn properly. Take a look at these simple factors to style up your moccasins.
Men's Moccasins with Formals
If you are heading out to a business event wearing a suit or formals without a tie, you have to choose high-quality leather moccasins with minimalistic details and dark colours to blend perfectly with your attire. Narrow-toed shoes are your perfect option for these occasions. You need to make sure that the color of additional entities like your wristwatch, cufflinks or tie pin match with the color of your moccasins to look the best.
Men's Moccasins with Semi-Formals/Business Casuals
You can easily achieve the semi-formal look by mixing a piece of casual wear with a formal one. You can simply put up a blazer on your t-shirt or pair up your denim with crispy light colored shirts. Moccasins are perfect shoes for the semi-casual look as they are built with the good quality leather and are modern in design.
Men's Moccasins with Casuals
You need to choose muted colors like navy blue, grey or white to pair best with your casuals. The sleek design and shape of moccasins can bring a lot of grace to your casual clothing.
Shop for Rich Men's Moccasins Shoes at Rosso Brunello
If you are worried about the quality or excessive cost of the moccasins you saw in your nearby shoe stores, you need to check out the huge variety of premium quality moccasin shoes for men at Rosso Brunello. Built with high-grade leather, these luxury shoes are available at very reasonable prices on Rosso Brunello online stores. You can order them simply from your mobile or laptop and save a lot of money and effort that you need to invest in picking the perfect moccasin.
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Wireless service (talk, text, and mobile data) is one of the fastest growing industries worldwide - and most providers are using the same networks to provide reliable speed and coverage to their customers.
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