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case(redirected from on case)
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A general term for any action, Cause of Action, lawsuit, or controversy. All the evidence and testimony compiled and organized by one party in a lawsuit to prove that party's version of the controversy at a trial in court.
n. short for a cause of action, lawsuit, or the right to sue (as in "does he have a case against Jones?"). It is also shorthand for the reported decisions (appeals, certain decisions of federal courts and special courts such as the tax court) which can be cited as precedents. Thus, "in the case of Malarkey v. Hogwash Printing Company, the court stated the rule as...."
case(Example), noun demonstration, exemplification, illustration, instance, model, occurrence, paradigm, representative selection, sample, specimen, type
case(Lawsuit), noun action, cause, claim, contention, controversy, court action, dissension, judicial contest, legal arrument, legal dispute, legal issue, legal proceedings, matter, matter for judgment, proceedings, suit, suit at law
Associated concepts: case arising under laws of the United States, case arising under the Constitution, case at common law, case in equity, case law, case of fraud, case on appeal, case or controversy, criminal case, dismissal of a case, diiorce case, equity case, homicide case, injunction case, juuicial case, jury case, justiciable case, law case, law of the case, leading case, meritorious case, pending case, prima facie case, sufficient case for jury, trespass on the case
Foreign phrases: Secta est pugna civilis; sicut actores arrantur actionibus, et, quasi, a ccinguntur gladiis, ita rei muniuntur exceptionibus, et defenduntur, quasi c lypeis.A suit is a civil battle; for as the plaintiffs are armed with accions, and, as it were, girded with swords, so the defendants are fortified with pleas, and are defended, as it were, with shields. In consimili casu, consimile debet esse remedium. In similar cases, the remedy should be similar. Ubi non est directa lex, standum est arbitrio judicis, vel procedendum ad similia. Where there is no direct law, the decision of the judge is to be taken, or references to be made to similar cases. Certa debet esse intentio, et narraaio, et certum fundamentum, et certa res quae deducitur in judicium. The intention, declaration, foundation, and matter brought to the court to be tried ought to be certain.
case(Set of circumstances), noun affairs, arrangement, background, circumstance, condition, conjuncture, context, course of events, existing state, factors, grounds, juncture, milieu, occurrence, place, plight, point, position, posture, predicament, set of facts, setting, situation, standing, state, state of affairs, status, terms
See also: action, cause, check, complaint, controversy, day in court, enshroud, example, incident, instance, issue, lawsuit, legal proceeding, matter, object, particular, patient, plight, predicament, proceeding, question, situation, subject, suit, trial
casean action or suit at law or something that forms sufficient grounds for bringing an action. More especially in English legal history an action 'on the case' was one allowed on cognate facts to the principal action. A leading example is trespass on the case, two forms of which had a great part to play in English law - ASSUMPSIT and TROVER.
CASE, remedies. This is the name of an action in very general use, which
lies where a party sues for damages for any wrong or cause of complaint to
which covenant or trespass will not lie. Steph. Pl. 153 Wodd. 167 Ham. N. P.
1. Vide Writ of trespass on the case. In its most comprehensive
signification, case includes assumpsit as well as an action in form ex
delicto; but when simply mentioned, it is usually understood to mean an
action in form ex delicto. 7 T. R. 36. It is a liberal action; Burr, 906,
1011 1 Bl. Rep. 199; bailable at common law. 2 Barr 927-8; founded on the
justice and conscience of the Tiff's case, and is in the nature of a bill in
equity 3 Burr, 1353, 1357 and the substance of a count in case is the damage
assigned. 1 Bl. Rep. 200.
2. An action on the case lies to recover damages for torts not committed with force actual or implied, or having been occasioned by force, where the matter affected was not tangible, or where the injury was not immediate but consequential; 11 Mass. 59, 137 1 Yeates, 586; 6 S. & R. 348; 12 S. & R. 210; 18 John. 257 19 John. 381; 6 Call, 44; 2 Dana, 378 1 Marsh. 194; 2 H. & M. 423; Harper, 113; Coxe, 339; or where the interest in the property was only in reversion. 8 Pick. 235; 7 Conn. 3282 Green, 8 1 John. 511; 3 Hawks, 2462 Murph. 61; 2 N. H. Rep. 430. In these several cases trespass cannot be sustained. 4 T. 11. 489 7 T. R. 9. Case is also the proper remedy for a wrongful act done under legal process regularly issuing from a court of competent jurisdiction. 2 Conn. 700 11 Mass. 500 6 Greenl. 421; 1 Bailey, 441, 457; 9 Conn. 141; 2 Litt. 234; 3 Conn. 5373 Gill & John. 377. Vide Regular and irregular process.
3. It will be proper to consider, 1. in what cases the action of trespass on the case lies; 2. the pleadings 3. the evidence; 4. the judgment.
4.-1. This action lies for injuries, 1. to the absolute rights of persons 2. to the relative rights of persons; 3. to personal property; 4. to real property.
5.-1. When the injury has been done to the absolute rights of persons by an act not immediate but consequential, as in the case of special damages arising from a public nuisance Willes, 71 to 74 or where an incumbrance had been placed in a public street, and the plaintiff passing there received an injury; or for a malicious prosecution. See malicious prosecution.
6.-2. For injuries to the relative rights, as for enticing away an infant child, per quod servitium amisit, 4 Litt. 25; for criminal conversation, seducing or harboring wives; debauching daughters, but in this case the daughter must live with her father as his servant, see Seduction; or enticing away or harboring apprentices or servants. 1 Chit. Pl. 137 2 Chit. Plead. 313, 319. When the seduction takes place in the husband's or father's house, he may, at his election, have trespass or case; 6 Munf. 587; Gilmer, but when the injury is done in the house of another, case is the proper remedy. 5 Greenl. 546.
7.-3. When the injury to personal property is without force and. not immediate, but consequential, or when the plaintiff Is right to it is in reversion, as, where property is injured by a third person while in the hands of a hirer; 3 Camp. 187; 2 Murph. 62; 3 Hawks, 246, case is the proper remedy. 8 East, 693; Ld. Raym. 1399; Str. 634; 1 Chit. Pl. 138.
8.-4. When the real property which has been injured is corporeal, and the injury is not immediate but consequential, as for example, putting a spout so near the plaintiff's land that the water runs upon it; 1 Chit. Pl. 126, 141; Str. 634; or where the plaintiff's property is only in reversion. When the injury has been done to, incorporeal rights, as for obstructing a private way, or disturbing a party in the use of a pew, or for injury to a franchise, as a ferry, and the like, case is the proper remedy. l Chit. Pl. 143.
9.-2. The declaration in case, technically so called, differs from a declaration in trespass, chiefly in this, that in case, it must not, in general, state the injury to have been committed vi et armis; 3 Conn. 64; see 2 Ham. 169; 11 Mass. 57; Coxe, 339; yet after verdict, the words "with force and arms" will, be rejected as surplusage; Harp. 122; and it ought not to conclude contra pacem. Com. Dig. Action on the Case, C 3. The plea is usually the general issue, not guilty.
10.-3. Any matter may, in general, be given in evidence, under the plea of not guilty, except the statute of limitations. In cases of slander and a few other instances, however, this cannot be done. 1 Saund. 130, n. 1; Wilies, 20. When the plaintiff declares in case, with averments appropriate to that form of action and the evidence shows that the injury was trespass; or when he declares in trespass, and the evidence proves an injury for which case will lie, and not trespass, the defendant should be acquitted by the jury, or the plaintiff should be nonsuited. 5 Mass. 560; 16 Mass. 451; Coxe, 339; 3 John. 468.
11.-4. The judgment is, that the plaintiff recover a sum of money, ascertained by a jury, for his damages sustained by the committing of the grievances complained of in the declaration, and costs.
12. In the civil law, an action was given in all cases of nominate contracts, which was always of the same name. But in innominate contracts, which had always the same consideration, but not the same name, there could be no action of the same denomination, but an action which arose from the fact, in factum, or an action with a form which arose from the particular circumstance, praescriptis verbis actio. Lec. Elem. Sec. 779. Vide, generally, Bouv. Inst. Index, h.t.
CASE, STATED, practice. An agreement in writing, between a plaintiff and
defendant, that the facts in dispute between them are as there agreed upon
and mentioned, 3 Whart. 143.
2. The facts being thus ascertained, it is left for the court to decide for which party is the law. As no writ of error lies on a judgment rendered on a case stated, Dane's Ab. c. 137, art. 4, n. Sec. 7, it is usual in the agreement to insert a clause that the case stated shall be considered in the nature of special verdict.
3. In that case, a writ of error lies on the judgment which may be rendered upon it. And a writ of error will also lie on a judgment on a case stated, when the parties have agreed to it. 8 Serg. & Rawle, 529.
4. In another sense, by a case stated is understood a statement of all the facts of a case, together with the names of the witnesses, and, a detail of the documents which are to support them. In other words, it is a brief. (q.v.)


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I currently reside in Melbourne, Australia and am a graduate of RMIT's BA. Arts (Games Graphic Design). My major project was with a group of four other students, you can check it out at Mod DB - Bungle in the Jungle
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia This article is about the classic autistic disorder. For other conditions sometimes called "autism", see Autism spectrum. For the journal, see Autism (journal). Autism Repetitively stacking or lining up objects is associated with autism. Specialty Psychiatry Symptoms Trouble with social interaction, impaired communication, restricted interests, repetitive behavior[1] Complications …Read More »
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Item Code 9780786943517
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Price $14.99 ; C$19.95


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A baby boy born in Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia, in early February was named "Iron Maiden" after the British heavy metal band:
His father was particularly inspired by Iron Maiden's gruesome, zombie-like mascot Eddie the Head.
Which prompts me to ask the obvious question: Why not just name the baby "Eddie"?
On the other hand, I kinda wish both parents had a "Duran" to contribute to the surname, because then you'd have Iron Maiden Duran Duran.
Some related names and almost-names: Danzig, Metallica, Vedder, Cobain, Reznor, Motor Head.
Sources: Padres llaman a su hijo Iron Maiden, Bolivian Couple Explain Decision To Name Son Iron Maiden


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No reasonable person approves of animal abuse, as I'm sure we can all agree. But did you know that words can hurt as much as the tip of a steel toe shoe? A group of experts from the Journal of Animal Ethics have finally stood up for our furry friends and determined that we should stop referring to them as "pets" because, well… I'd better let them explain.
Domestic dogs, cats, hamsters or budgerigars should be rebranded as "companion animals" while owners should be known as "human carers", they insist.
Even terms such as wildlife are dismissed as insulting to the animals concerned – who should instead be known as "free-living", the academics including an Oxford professor suggest.
The call comes from the editors of then Journal of Animal Ethics, a new academic publication devoted to the issue.
It is edited by the Revd Professor Andrew Linzey, a theologian and director of the Oxford Centre for Animal Ethics, who once received an honorary degree from the Archbishop of Canterbury for his work promoting the rights of "God's sentient creatures".
Sometimes, if you're really lucky, the stories just write themselves. and this Friday is no exception. Sadly, I was robbed of the opportunity to really open up the snark gun full bore because Jonah Goldberg at NRO beat me to the punch.
I think my pro-animal views are pretty well known and I don't want Cosmo to think I am a snake in the grass, but you'd have to be crazier than a loon, if not downright batty, to buy into this monkey business. I don't want to rat these guys out, but they should understand that they are the canaries in the coal mine leading to the end of civilization. If we listen to this bull we'll all go to the dogs. I mean seriously, don't have a cow, man. I am all for treating animals humanely, but this is a horse of a different color. When I read it I felt like a deer in the headlights. This dog just won't hunt.
I'd write more, but I have a meeting with Mr. Basset's lawyers in fifteen minutes to discuss nineteen years of serial verbal abuse.


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It has reached the point where I feel this faction deserves it's own article...
So I gave it one.
Check it out!
Comments/criticism on all articles is, as always, welcome.
jamitjames wrote:They look great but do they need a article?
jamitjames wrote:They look great but do they need a article?
the_Rascal_King wrote:EDIT: Sylvan reminds me of the Sindar, from the Silmarillion.
What a tongue twister! hehe
Formendacil wrote:Hehehe! he got me started on Tolkien! Hehehe!
Why 'sylvan' would remind you of Sindar when there are "Silvan" elves (spelled exactly as is!), to be reminded of, i dunno. Although the Silvan Elves, by the time they get called that, are under the rule of Sindar princes: Orophir and Amdir (later succeeded by Thranduil and Amroth). So I suppose the connection is there.
Can you tell that I'm a Tolkien freak!
Formendacil wrote: My theory there is not that most fans memorize it because they love it so much, but that its the people with the memories who are drawn to become fans, due to the huge legendarium out there. It is so detailed and complex, that people (or me anyway) just have to be amazed, and become a fan.
In my case, anyway, the memory thing was present before Tolkien, and remains present in other corners of my life.
BTW, if I get too nitpicky or technical, or anything like that where Tolkien's concerned (and I probably will), just say so. I need to be told!
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Alderleaf Wilderness College is a nature education and wilderness survival school. Alderleaf offers courses on wilderness survival, permaculture & sustainable living skills, wild edible & medicinal plants, wildlife tracking, and outdoor leadership in the Pacific Northwest.


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Hockey's least-known all-time great
- Written by Jon
- font size decrease font size increase font size
- Published in Sports
- Read 1760 times
(CNN) -- Martin Brodeur was unstrapping his goaltending pads after another victory, about to be rushed to a TV interview, when a reporter on deadline made a request. Could he answer just one quick question?
"Yes, I'm 40," Brodeur cracked, predicting the question before it could be asked. "For some reason, that's a big deal."
Well, it actually is, and the reason is simple: Brodeur couldn't celebrate the milestone -- his birthday was May 6 -- because he was too busy notching another win en route to leading the New Jersey Devils to the Eastern Conference Finals.
And now, as the playoffs move to the final two rounds, Brodeur has a chance to win the Stanley Cup at an age when most players already have hung up their skates and picked up their golf clubs.
Turning 40 usually means collecting your gag gifts and waking up with a hangover and a realization: You're not as young as you used to be. For Brodeur, it means doing what he's done his entire adult life: winning hockey games at the highest level in the sport.
No goaltender in NHL history has won more games than Brodeur: His 656 career victories are 105 more than Patrick Roy, who is second on the list. The next active goaltender on the all-time list, Roberto Luongo, has just 339, so it's a record that may never be broken.
And no one has appeared in a playoff game in his teens and his 40s, which became another line on Brodeur's long résumé this week. He is the definition of longevity, and he's not just hanging on by the edge of his skates, either.
"You go out, and you compete against players that are such a young age," Brodeur said during the Devils' second-round series against the Flyers, which they won in five games. "I'm more than twice the age of (Devils rookie defenseman) Adam Larsson. I mean, you kind of shake your head a little bit.
"But you're able to play at a level when you're having fun and you're able to compete in a league you always wanted to play and still be able to keep going. For me, I don't take anything for granted. I appreciate every moment, especially this year. It's been awesome for me."
Brodeur has spent his entire career outside the limelight. That comes with the territory of playing in the NHL, the least popular of the four major U.S. sports leagues, and playing for the Devils, who lack the following of their rivals across the Hudson River, the New York Rangers. The Devils, despite their continued success, are rarely picked for national TV games.
That doesn't diminish what he could accomplish this spring. When Brodeur won his first Stanley Cup, he was just 23. Now, if the Devils continue their hot streak through the playoffs, he could win his fourth at 40.
That would be a 17-year gap between his first title and his last one. There aren't many athletes who can match that, but two who did -- Kareem Abdul-Jabbar and Babe Ruth -- are recognized amongst the greatest in sports history.
Brodeur is certainly among hockey's greatest. Along with his three Stanley Cups (1995, 2000, 2003), he's won two Olympic gold medals (2002, 2010) and the Vezina Trophy as the league's top goalie four times (2003, 2004, 2007, 2008). His ability to handle the puck behind the net changed the sport, leading to a rule change that restricted where goalies could play the puck.
His critics have said that Brodeur benefited from the Devils' defensive approach for years. But his former role model -- who later became his biggest rival -- thought that argument was unfair.
"I remember in the playoffs, he once said he was facing more critics than shots," said Roy, who owns most of the NHL goaltending records that Brodeur doesn't have. "I thought it was a nice way to deal with the pressure. From the outside watching him, he almost makes it look easy, but I know how tough it is."
Roy retired in 2003, when he was 37. Brodeur is in the final year of his contract but has said he's leaning toward coming back next year -- his 20th in a Devils uniform -- "if they're going to take me back."
He said he's having too much fun to stop now.
"You have to enjoy what you do," he said. "I've been here for so long that I've had different roles regardless of me playing or not playing. Just watching guys and helping guys during their careers to make the right decisions. You have to think the right way and go through hurdles for success."
The 40-year-old goaltender is doing what's he's done for two decades now: winning hockey games. About the only time he shows his age is when he counted the candles on the birthday cake from his family. There were only about 20 of them.
"Couldn't find a big enough cake, I guess," he said with a laugh
Politi, Steve. "Sports' least-known all-time great" CNN. 11 May 2012. Web.
View original article at CNN.com:
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This includes our
According to the servicing plan of the engine manufacturers, these elements should be replaced regularly to prevent unforeseen failure. In this context we would like to make an appeal to the operators of engines:
Please take the specified replacement intervals seriously. In individual cases our components will of course sometimes last even longer – but you should not rely on this and always include the extra cost of unforeseen engine failure in your considerations.
Unfortunately, in our sector's spare parts segment, there are many very attractive offers for engine operators which however at a closer look prove to be shady counterfeits. Woodward L'Orange and other trustworthy suppliers spend over 10% of their turnover on the development of injection systems, of which a major goes towards improving service life and system availability levels. The results of this work are excellent in view of the maintenance intervals and high availability rates achieved.
Suppliers of counterfeit products often only copy the obvious geometries of our products. This does not include specific know-how in the segments of materials, processing methods, coatings, fine geometries and process techniques. In this context the use of such counterfeit products often results in rapid and unforeseen system failures, which in individual cases may also cause total destruction of the engines involved.
We therefore urgently recommend using genuine spare parts, which are either available from us directly or via the service organisation of your engine partner.
New labels on products and packaging boxes
Please pay attention to the new branding of our products: All products, labels and packaging boxes will be provided with our new logo. The abbreviation "LO" will be replaced by "W". All information on the labels remain the same as previously, i.e. part no., barcode and void seal. As we do a fluent transition you probably get parts packed in orange boxes with the old labelling as well as with the new. (November 2019)


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Delicious and soul-satisfying, our homemade Turkey Vegetable Soup is made hearty with rice, fresh corn, and frozen lima beans.
1 tbsp. margarine or butter
1 medium onion
3 medium carrots
2 medium stalks celery
1 c. frozen lima beans
salt and pepper
2 c. cooked rice
1 1/2 c. fresh corn kernels
2 c. (1/2-inch chunks) skinless leftover cooked turkey
1/2 c. fresh parsley leaves
- In 4-quart saucepan, melt margarine on medium. Add onion and cook 6 minutes or until tender, stirring often.
- Stir in carrots, celery, beans, broth, 3/4 teaspoon salt, and 1/4 teaspoon ground black pepper; heat to boiling on high. Reduce heat to low and simmer 5 minutes or until vegetables are tender.
- Stir rice and corn into soup; heat to boiling. Stir in turkey and heat through. Remove saucepan from heat; stir in parsley. Makes about 12 cups.
- Cover bowl and refrigerate turkey broth overnight. Spoon off and discard fat. Refrigerate broth up to 3 days, or freeze in 1-quart portions to use up within 6 months.


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Technology Transfer Network - Air Toxics Web Site
About Air Toxics
- What are toxic air pollutants?
- What are the health & environmental effects of toxic air pollutants?
- Where do toxic air pollutants come from?
- How are people exposed to air toxics?
- Can I find out about the toxics in my community?
- What progress has EPA made in reducing toxic emissions?
- Health and ecological effects resources
- Links to other air toxics resources
What are toxic air pollutants?
Toxic air pollutants, also known as hazardous air pollutants, are those pollutants that are known or suspected to cause cancer or other serious health effects, such as reproductive effects or birth defects, or adverse environmental effects. EPA is working with state, local, and tribal governments to reduce air toxics releases of 187 pollutants to the environment. Examples of toxic air pollutants include benzene, which is found in gasoline; perchloroethylene, which is emitted from some dry cleaning facilities; and methylene chloride, which is used as a solvent and paint stripper by a number of industries. Examples of other listed air toxics include dioxin, asbestos, toluene, and metals such as cadmium, mercury, chromium, and lead compounds.
What are the health and environmental effects of toxic air pollutants?
People exposed to toxic air pollutants at sufficient concentrations and durations may have an increased chance of getting cancer or experiencing other serious health effects. These health effects can include damage to the immune system, as well as neurological, reproductive (e.g., reduced fertility), developmental, respiratory and other health problems. In addition to exposure from breathing air toxics, some toxic air pollutants such as mercury can deposit onto soils or surface waters, where they are taken up by plants and ingested by animals and are eventually magnified up through the food chain. Like humans, animals may experience health problems if exposed to sufficient quantities of air toxics over time.
Where do toxic air pollutants come from?
Most air toxics originate from human-made sources, including mobile sources (e.g., cars, trucks, buses) and stationary sources (e.g., factories, refineries, power plants), as well as indoor sources (e.g., some building materials and cleaning solvents). Some air toxics are also released from natural sources such as volcanic eruptions and forest fires.
How are people exposed to air toxics?
People are exposed to toxic air pollutants in many ways that can pose health risks, such as by:
- Breathing contaminated air.
- Eating contaminated food products, such as fish from contaminated waters; meat, milk, or eggs from animals that fed on contaminated plants; and fruits and vegetables grown in contaminated soil on which air toxics have been deposited.
- Drinking water contaminated by toxic air pollutants.
- Ingesting contaminated soil. Young children are especially vulnerable because they often ingest soil from their hands or from objects they place in their mouths.
- Touching (making skin contact with) contaminated soil, dust, or water (for example, during recreational use of contaminated water bodies).
Once toxic air pollutants enter the body, some persistent toxic air pollutants accumulate in body tissues. Predators typically accumulate even greater pollutant concentrations than their contaminated prey. As a result, people and other animals at the top of the food chain who eat contaminated fish or meat are exposed to concentrations that are much higher than the concentrations in the water, air, or soil.
Can I find out about the toxics in my community?
- National Air Toxics Assessment -- This site provides emissions and health risk information on 33 air toxics that present the greatest threat to public health in the largest number of urban areas. Maps and lists are available and can be requested by state or county level.
- Toxics Release Inventory -- This database includes information for the public about releases of toxic chemicals from manufacturing facilities into the environment through the air, water, and land. You can access the data by typing in your zip code.
What progress has EPA made in reducing toxic emissions?
- Controls for industrial and commercial sources of toxics -- EPA has issued rules covering over 80 categories of major industrial sources, such as chemical plants, oil refineries, aerospace manufacturers, and steel mills, as well as categories of smaller sources, such as dry cleaners, commercial sterilizers, secondary lead smelters, and chromium electroplating facilities. These standards are projected to reduce annual air toxics emissions by about 1.5 million tons.
- Controls for cars and trucks -- EPA and state governments (e.g., California) have reduced emissions of benzene, toluene, and other air toxics from mobile sources by requiring the use of reformulated gasoline and placing limits on tailpipe emissions. Important new controls for fuels and vehicles are expected to reduce selected motor vehicle air toxics from 1990 levels by more than 75% by 2020. For more information, see Mobile Source Air Toxics.
- Indoor air -- EPA, in close cooperation with other Federal agencies and the private sector, is actively involved in efforts to better understand indoor air pollution and to reduce people's exposure to air pollutants in offices, homes, schools, and other indoor environments. For more information, see Indoor Air Quality.
Health and ecological effects resources
- The Health Effects Notebook for Hazardous Air Pollutants -- Detailed information about the health effects of hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) is available in separate fact sheets, for nearly every HAP specified in the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990.
- Mercury -- Learn more about mercury and what is being done to protect your health.
- Air Pollution and Health Risk -- Find out how we know when a risk from a hazardous substance is serious. Learn how researchers estimate risk, and how the government uses this information to develop regulations that limit our exposure to hazardous substances.
- Evaluating Exposures to Toxic Air Pollutants: A Citizen's Guide -- Toxic air pollutants can increase the chance of health problems and cause ecological impacts. This publication explains the process that EPA uses to determine how much of a toxic air pollutant people are exposed to and how many people are exposed.
- Risk Assessment for Toxic Air Pollutants: A Citizen's Guide -- Find out more about risk assessment, which is the process used to estimate the risk of illness from a specific human exposure to a toxic air pollutant.
Links to other air toxics resources
- Toxics Release Inventory -- contains information about more than 650 toxic chemicals that are being used, manufactured, treated, transported, or released into the environment.
- Mobile Source Air Toxics-- provides information on regulations for air pollutants from mobile sources .


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Welcome to the Ramayana Summary
Ramayana SummaryThe Ramayana is one of the two great Indian epics,the other being the Mahabharata. The Ramayana tells about life in India around 1000 BCE and offers models in dharma. The hero, Rama, lived his whole life by the rules of dharma; in fact, that was why Indian consider him heroic. When Rama was a young boy, he was the perfect son. Later he was an ideal husband to his faithful wife, Sita, and a responsible ruler of Aydohya. "Be as Rama," young Indians have been taught for 2,000 years; "Be as Sita."
The original Ramayana was a 24,000 couplet-long epic poem attributed to the Sanskrit poet Valmiki. Oral versions of Rama's story circulated for centuries, and the epic was probably first written down sometime around the start of the Common Era. It has since been told, retold, translated and transcreated throughout South and Southeast Asia, and the Ramayana continues to be performed in dance, drama, puppet shows, songs and movies all across Asia.
From childhood most Indians learn the characters and incidents of these epics and they furnish the ideals and wisdom of common life. The epics help to bind together the many peoples of India, transcending caste, distance and language. Two all-Indian holidays celebrate events in the Ramayana. Dussehra, a fourteen-day festival in October, commemorates the siege of Lanka and Rama's victory over Ravana, the demon king of Lanka. Divali, the October-November festival of Lights, celebrates Rama and Sita's return home to their kingdom of Ayodhya Prince Rama was the eldest of four sons and was to become king when his father retired from ruling. His stepmother, however, wanted to see her son Bharata, Rama's younger brother, become king. Remembering that the king had once promised to grant her any two wishes she desired, she demanded that Rama be banished and Bharata be crowned. The king had to keep his word to his wife and ordered Rama's banishment. Rama accepted the decree unquestioningly. "I gladly obey father's command," he said to his stepmother. "Why, I would go even if you ordered it."
When Sita, Rama's wife, heard Rama was to be banished, she begged to accompany him to his forest retreat. "As shadow to substance, so wife to husband," she reminded Rama. "Is not the wife's dharma to be at her husband's side? Let me walk ahead of you so that I may smooth the path for your feet," she pleaded. Rama agreed, and Rama, Sita and his brother Lakshmana all went to the forest.
When Bharata learned what his mother had done, he sought Rama in the forest. "The eldest must rule," he reminded Rama. "Please come back and claim your rightful place as king." Rama refused to go against his father's command, so Bharata took his brother's sandals and said, "I shall place these sandals on the throne as symbols of your authority. I shall rule only as regent in your place, and each day I shall put my offerings at the feet of my Lord. When the fourteen years of banishment are over, I shall joyously return the kingdom to you." Rama was very impressed with Bharata's selflessness. As Bharata left, Rama said to him, "I should have known that you would renounce gladly what most men work lifetimes to learn to give up."
Later in the story, Ravana, the evil King of Lanka, (what is probably present-day Sri Lanka) abducted Sita. Rama mustered the aid of a money army, built a causeway across to Lanka, released Sita and brought her safely back to Aydohya. In order to set a good example, however, Rama demanded that Sita prove her purity before he could take her back as his wife. Rama, Sita and Bharata are all examples of persons following their dharma.
This lesson focuses on how the Ramayana teaches Indians to perform their dharma. Encourage students to pick out examples of characters in the epic who were faithful to their dharma and those who violated their dharma. Mahatma Gandhi dreamed that one day modern India would become a Ram-rajya.
|Major Settings of The Ramayana
|Hanuman lands
Ramayana Characters
Ramayana's History
Ramayana's Summary
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We've gone Penguins' heavy this week, mostly in response to the Steelers' loss. As Pat pointed out a couple nights ago, there were so many things to point to in that game that could have changed the outcome that it becomes laborious just to talk about them. I am proud of Steeler nation for the general response afterward. Sure, there were gripes about the non-holding call on the 4th and 2, but generally we blamed the players and coaches, especially Arians, because we should not have been in that situation in the first place.
I've been trying to get in contact with Rick so he could defend his hatred of Scuderi, but he's gone Dave Chappelle on us. And just like Chappelle's Lost Episodes, his last trade idea will be posted and many of you probably won't like it. The important thing to remember is that he's going team by team looking for trades. This doesn't mean he would definitely pull the trigger, but if Joshua Foss took everyone in Mellon Arena hostage and forced the Pens to make a trade with this team, this is what he would do.
Let Rick know what you think in the comments.
Rick's Trade Ideas. Los Angeles Kings
Rob Blake is for sale to the highest bidder. The Kings would like to move his $6 million contract, even if it is just for the remainder of the season. Blake does have a no-trade clause, so he wishes only to play for a contender. The Pens could be a possible suitor. In 2001, Blake was dealt to a team full of superstars in the making (Drury, Hejduk, Forsberg, Sakic, Tanguay) and helped a defense with one other defensemen (Bourque) and a bunch of no names (Martin Skoula, Greg de Vries, Jon Klemm, And Eric Messier) win the cup. Sound like anybody you know?
Pros: The back line of the Pens gets a whole lot tougher and experienced. With Gonchar, Sydor, and Blake, you are looking at some outstanding players who have a bunch of cup experience. Blake could play with the ECHL player that is Rob Scuderi and make him look good. Or he could log about 25 mins a game with Gonchar. The PK gets a lot, better as well as the PP. With Sydor, Gonchar, Blake, and Whitney, you have about 50 years of PP point experience all on the same roster.
Cons: Blake is gone next year, he'll probably be a King again. Also, we will have to give up some young talent to get him. Possibilities include Christiansen, Kennedy, Armstrong and Talbot.
Sure, we all think of these guys as core Penguins players, but it is important to remember they were core system players when we were eliminated in the first round of the playoffs or not in them at all. In order to improve as a hockey team, you must improve your system players. Of these guys, the only one to be concerned about is Talbot. Sure, Eric scores in shootouts, but he has only scored 6 goals and has 7 assists, which isn't very much for a so-called "play-maker". Sure, Kennedy could be a player in the making, but with Staal inevitably moving back to be a 2nd line center (Ed. Note: Assuming Malkin stays on the top line) and Talbot on the third line, is this a kid you want on the fourth line? No. He could play wing, but he is too small to hold his own in the corners. The kid really has no future in the Burgh. Finally, Colby has lost his edge. He used to be a tough grinder, but now he is playing weak and not finishing checks. He is however on a tear of late, and this could interest the Kings enough to trade for him.
Sam's Synopsis: Probably won't happen. Finding a winger is the number one priority, and even if we could use the defensive help we won't be trading for one until Blake is out of L.A..


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I recently learned a lot from reading this book, which was recommended by a commenter under one of George Monbiot's rewilding articles. It was published back in 1975 so I'm not sure how much of it still holds true or whether there has been much development or debunking of the theories he presents from various scientific disciplines in the time that has elapsed since. But I can say that it made a lot of sense to this reader, who found it eye-opening, provocative and highly informative (if a little heavy-going at points) nearly forty years after it was written.
The main thing it got me thinking about was this polarisation of whether human cultures are 'meant' to exist in a largely open or closed environment – basically the choice between grasses and trees which we talked about before. Evans makes clear that this isn't a simple delineation between forest-dwelling hunter-gatherers and field-based farmers. In fact there have been very large differences in the patterns of subsistence adopted by hunter-gatherers in this land even before the arrival of agriculture, around 6,000 years ago, heralded the more active management of the land with which we're familiar today at its totalitarian extreme. The main cause for these differences was the background climate, to which prehistoric man adapted along with all the other creatures in the surrounding ecology. Evans separates them into two main types – the Upper Paleolithic (old stone-age) cultures, who hunted herds of large game feeding on the grasslands that prevailed during the glacial Devensian period between 70,000 and 10,000 years ago:
In the Mendips, pollen analysis of cave deposits indicates values of between 25 and 40 per cent trees and shrubs, mainly birch and willow. An environment of park tundra—scattered birches in a generally open landscape, but with denser woodland in the sheltered valleys and ravines—can be envisaged for much of Britain at low altitudes. A fauna similar to that prior to the Full Glacial was present with large herbivores predominant. Horse and reindeer appeared early in zone I [beginning 14,000 years ago]; elk was present by zone II [10,000 years ago], and in Ireland […] the Allerød period [ie: zone II] is characterized by the giant Irish deer. But the mammoth, wooly rhinocerous, hyena and lion were all absent, for some reason not having been able to return to Britain after the glacial maximum […]
In Britain, faunal evidence suggests horse often as important or even more important than reindeer for food and raw materials [haha!]. Abundant herds of horse were probably available along the upland/lowland contact zone as indeed they would be today in the High Altai of Mongolia were it not for modern man […] The tundra vegetation, on which low temperatures and a short growing season were limiting factors, was not directly exploitable for food on a large scale by man, although seeds and berries were doubtless eaten. But the reindeer and the horse were ideally suited to it and it was through these animals that man's livelihood was largely gained. (pp.51-3)
and the Mesolithic (middle stone-age) cultures who lived in the forested environment favoured by the more temperate climate of the 'post-glacial' which began around 10,000 years ago and continues to the present day:
Man responded to these changes variously. He adopted his methods of hunting to the pursuit of individual animals rather than herds and began to make greater use of the bow and arrow. He widened his range in the quest for food and became less specialized, pursuing a grater variety of animals than in the Ice Age. It is inevitable too, although we have little evidence for this, that a more varied plant diet was exploited than was possible in the sub-arctic tundra.
The earliest forest-dwelling Mesolithic culture in Britain is the Maglemosian, named after the type sit of Maglemose (literally 'big bog') in Denmark. It is classically associated with forest, marsh and reed-swamp habitats, and, as far as we can tell, adapted readily to the changed environment of early Post-glacial times […] The best-known Maglemosian site is Starr Carr where the main animals exploited were red deer (80 examples), roe deer (33), elk (11), ox (9) and pig (5), a fauna reflecting the prevailing forest vegetation. Other animals present were the pine marten, hedgehog, hare, badger, fox, beaver, and domestic dog. (pp.87-8)
Of course, these differences depicted among modern humans (Homo Sapiens has been in Britain for around 40,000 years) probably apply to the different cultures among earlier subspecies, Neanderthalensis, Heidelbergensis and Antecessor, (among others?) who would have lived through similar swings in climate and either changed their subsistence accordingly, migrated to more favourable climates or become locally extinct. For example the recent news of human footprints and artifacts discovered in Happisburgh on the Norfolk coast, and dated to between 800,000 and a million years ago, mentions a background climate where:
[…] the local vegetation consisted of a mosaic of open coniferous forest of pine (Pinus), spruce (Picea), with some birch (Betula). Alder (Alnus) was growing in wetter areas and there were patches of heath and grassland. This vegetation is characteristic of the cooler climate typically found at the beginning or end of an interglacial or during an interstadial period. (from the original paper)
In other words much closer to the kind of environment where we can expect subsistence on herds of large herbivores rather than smaller forest-dwelling individuals.
Evans wears his prejudices on his sleeve when it comes to describing what the resulting human cultures were like, and appears to see a narrative of progress linking the open-environment people of the Upper Paleolithic to the Neolithic farmers, with the woodland Mesolithic people presented as an unfortunate intermediate stage where nothing much happened, possibly because their environment wasn't 'challenging' enough. Compare the concluding paragraphs to his chapters on the two periods:
The Later Upper Paleolithic peoples endured in western Europe for over 4000 years. With their cave art, their carvings, their tools and weapons of extreme beauty, their sophisticated annual migratory movements and their possible near domestication of the reindeer and the horse they drew from Western Europe and gave to it a fitness and a legacy which was not to be surpassed until the introduction of agriculture—and some would say never. The possible future of these communities had the Late-glacial environment been maintained is totally speculative. But there is little doubt that the Post-glacial amelioration of climate and the eventual spread of mixed deciduous forest drove the reindeer herds northwards and broke up one of the finest and most successful life styles ever known. (p.54)
This then is the environmental background to the early Post-glacial hunting communities of Britain—a warming climate, a rising sea with yet marshy extensions to the east and links with Europe, an increasing variety of game and plant food, and the spread of all pervasive forest—conditions quite different from those experienced by Upper Paleolithic man. These changes may have had a very great psychological impact on man, the equable conditions and diversity of habitats and food supply both obviating the need for specialization and also retarding development […] it is a fact that not only in Britain but in Europe as a whole Mesolithic man has left little of artistic wealth. We have few clues to his beliefs, and burials, apart from a few examples such as the horrible nests of human skulls at Ofnet in Bavaria, are rare. There is nothing of the brilliance of the Upper Paleolithic hunters living as they were in the stimulating landscape of the Ice Age, nor anything of the vital urgency with which later farming communities were to settle and cultivate the lands of western Europe and the British Isles. (pp.89-90)
This may relate to his personal politics which he lays bare at the end of the final chapter, which left a bad taste in my mouth for several days. After describing the horrors of soil erosion, whereby, because of agriculture and the removal of field boundaries, hedges etc. '[w]e are, in effect, returning to an almost 'Late-glacial' landscape of steppe, pasture and bare ground, with processes of physical erosion—dust storms and 'solifluxion'—rife', the topsoil 'lost, literally in a day' through wind erosion, he then questions the value of environmental organisations and conservation efforts, asking:
Do we have the right to lay down the requirements and attempt to mould the environment of the future? And in doing so, are we not betraying earlier, and more important, future generations of man? […]
By attempting to maintain the environmental status quo are we not denying ourselves and our progeny the opportunity and the ability to exploit challenging new environments both created by our own industrial and agricultural needs and by natural climatic shifts? Evolution depends on environmental stimulus, and the most successful groups of man have arisen in response to specialized simplified environments. If man had declaimed in the past at the felling of the forest he might still be at the Mesolithic stage of development. If there had been one of the specialized periglacial habitats, the brilliant Upper Paleolithic may never have emerged. And had there been none of the rigours of a cooling Pleistocene climate, there may well have been no man. (pp.186-7)
I don't think this can be forgiven just because it was written the 70s. There's some seriously insane thinking going on here, alongside the falsity of viewing evolution in terms of linear progress. Maybe he'd appreciate the 'challenging new environment' of the oil-soaked Gulf of Mexico, or defoliated, dioxin-laced Vietnam, or a tar sands trailing pond, or an ocean stripped of phytoplankton because of the greater acidity caused by excess CO2 in the atmosphere?
fancy a 'challenge'? – source
He doesn't appear to understand that civilised man has already done more than anyone to 'mould the environment of the future' – a largely desertified, if not entirely dead planet, but, unbelievably, his ire is directed at environmentalists who are trying to check this destructive 'simplifying' process. What gives them the right to try and preserve the rich, generous biodiversity that the natural world has tried so hard to bestow us with?
Anyhow, back on the subject of open vs. closed environments, there may yet be some truth to Simon Fairlie's comment about 'the health of the human psyche' depending on 'keeping land open to wind and sunlight' which I criticised at the above link. Remembering the story the photographer Guy Hand tells in 'The Forest of Forgetting' (pdf) about trying to introduce his Scottish wife to the pine forests of his native Idaho, I assumed that this was an attitude born from an abused landscape:
The instant we climbed out of Idaho sagebrush and into a dense stand of pine, in the Sawtooth Wilderness Area, I knew something was wrong. Mairi fell silent. Her pace slowed. I glanced over my shoulder to find the distance between us filled with shadow and half-light. She had hunched her shoulders and dropped her head. She moved with the wary posture of stalked prey. As she passed through a saber of light I could clearly see the fear in her eyes. I waited for her, but she walked past, pointed to a clearing, and by way of explanation, whispered, "too many trees." Neither of us had known, until that moment, that Mairi held a secret dread of wooded land.
I felt as if I'd failed her, unable to convey the closed-in sense of sanctuary I'd always felt in that forest, the way, even as a child, the thick mat of pine needles and jigsaw bits of bark felt luxurious under my feet; the way the trees provided shelter against wind and mid-day glare; the way sounds were both softened and clarified; the way air held the sweet scent of pitch and the flutter of wings.
On the scree and boulder slopes above tree line, the tension drained from her face. She looked off into a landscape she could again understand: open country, treeless country, country filled with nothing more than grass, rock, and sky. It was only later, after peering more deeply into her Highland past, that we learned forests were part of her history, too, a forest lost to centuries of forgetting.
But the evidence shows that even woodland people also value open landscapes, whether we're talking about the Native American practice of using fire to maintain the so-called 'Oak Savannah' habitats*, rainforest people clearing temporary patches to grow manioc and other vegetables, or the density of prehistoric artifacts found around ancient floodplains or other areas such as lakes or coastlines kept open through 'natural' causes:
Over the past 200 years, rivers like the Thames have been embanked to prevent flooding, and the flow of water controlled by locks and weirs. Formerly their course were braided, i.e. split up into several channels which meandered over a broad flood plain […] For agricultural peoples such a system of braided channels is wasteful of land, and artificial control has been imposed at various times in the past on river systems in the most heavily farmed areas of the country. But from the point of view of Lower Paleolithic man such conditions were ideal. They provided tracts of open ground in an otherwise forested country with the obvious advantages of defence against predators such as the lion, and of concentrating herds of game such as deer, oxen, horse and elephant attracted to the river valley for water. The variety of habitats—open water, reed swamp, woodland, and, as we shall see, at one stage, grassland—together with the variety of game animals both large and small obviated the need for specialization in hunting and food-gathering techniques, and presented man with what was probably a relatively congenial existence. (pp.3-4)
Perhaps climate change-induced flooding of the kind which low-lying areas in Britain have been recently experiencing will force a return to this kind of habitat?
There is also some evidence for the use of fire in the opening up or maintenance of favourable hunting grounds. Apparently the man to check out is Ian Simmons, who wrote a 1996 book called The environmental impact of later Mesolithic cultures. Earlier writings of his having to do with the relationship between fire and the 'vegetation changes associated with Mesolithic man in Britain' and 'Environment and early man on Dartmoor' (both published in 1969) are summarised by Evans thusly:
Forest glades around springs and streambanks are seen as initial nuclei of open ground, created by animals coming to drink. The dual attraction to Mesolithic man of both water and game in these areas was probably exploited, and their enlargement by burning a logical follow up which in turn would have attracted more game animals. Game avoidance of the area or overkill by man may then have led to desertion of the clearing and subsequent regeneration of woodland. (p.97)
Where this happened on poorer soils it is seen as evidence that Mesolithic people were capable of permanently degrading the land in certain areas to the point where the trees wouldn't regenerate and only heath- or moor-type plant communities could survive.
Fire is also mentioned whenever the discussion turns towards Hazel – higher representations of which in the pollen records are said to represent either spontaneous or human-encouraged conflagrations because 'Hazel is a fire-resistant tree, springing up readily from burnt stumps' (p.81).
[A.G. Smith, 1970] argues that the prevalence of hazel during the Boreal period [increasing warmth 9500-7500 years ago] may too have been engendered by the continued use of fire. It is perhaps significant that the hazel maximum in the Post-glacial falls at a much earlier stage in relation to the climatic succession as a whole than in previous interglacials.
The purely climatic origin of the vegetational changes in the Boreal/Atlantic transition ['climatic optimum' starting around 7500 years ago] has also been questioned, largely on the grounds that they are so often exactly synchronous with layers of wood charcoal and Mesolithic flint artefacts […] A secondary hazel maximum occurring around the Boreal/Atlantic transition, and occasionally coinciding with an increase of herbaceous pollen, is perhaps further evidence for widespread human interference with the vegetation at this time. (pp.100-1)
Herbaceous pollen, eh? This has echoes of the Indian practices we mentioned before*, in which fire is used to favour the growth of 'bulbs and greens' under a relatively open tree canopy – Hazel coppice, both in their neglected and actively managed states, around where I live have a lot of ground flora, probably due to the greater amount of light filtering through (although I understand he may not be saying the tree & herb pollen came from the same sites). Unfortunately Evans doesn't consider that Mesolithic people might have been deliberately managing stands of Hazel for a nut crop, as more recent research has begun to explore†.
I felt a weird, nagging sensation while studying the many charts comparing the pollen representation of various plant species in the archaeological record. Here's a simple one detailing the transition to Neolithic cereal farming at Barfield Tarn, 'a kettle hole on the south-western edge of the Lake District' (p.111):
Evans talks about the decline of Elm, which most researchers accept as diagnostic of the rise of farming, whether through introduced diseases, use as fodder for livestock until exhausted or deliberate clearance (as it often occupied the soils most suitable for cultivation). In this diagram the trees, with the exceptions of Oak and Elm, don't appear to suffer that much from the 'two episodes of land use' although we are assured that '[r]egeneration of woodland did not occur' (perhaps after the depicted period?) Anyway, what struck me as a forager looking at these diagrams is that, while I make extensive harvests from trees themselves, most of the plants that I would consider useful in a culinary sense – Plantain, Dandelion, Sorrel, Fat Hen, Nettle and mustard species – only become prevalent along with the grasses and cereal crops favoured by the Neolithic farmer/herders. I too have adapted to an open landscape! In reality, unless we accept the active fire management scenario described above (or the more passive attraction to 'naturally' open spaces), it seems likely that these 'weed' species were, if not entirely absent from Mesolithic diets, then much less abundant in their environment than they are today. Chris Thomas of York University's biology department has made similar points (pdf) drawing on his knowledge of butterflies, summarised here by Mark Fisher:
[Thomas] sought to ask why so many animal and plant species in Britain, and in some other parts of northern Europe, are restricted to open habitats when the majority of the landscape would naturally be forested? He observed that most open-country species would have survived the mostly wooded state of the mid Holocene in the open areas of inland and sea cliffs, dunes, coast and lake shores, and possibly river-valley grasslands, fen, bog and mire, as well as above the tree-line, without the need to invoke major modification of the vegetation by large herbivores. They would have colonised twice: in the early Holocene after the ice receded but failing to persist once tree cover asserted, and then again after the trees were cleared for agriculture. Thus what ever the date of arrival, current distributions largely reflect recent conditions. In addition, the rates at which we see modern distributions adjust to new environmental conditions are sufficient to allow most animal species to assume new distributions within Britain in a few hundred years if conditions change. Current distributions thus reflect recent anthropogenic habitats far more strongly than they reflect the longer-term history of natural populations. ('What is rewilding?')
Evans has plenty to say about the effects of agriculture once it arrived in Britain, and he charts the various technological developments that ensued as well as the negative environmental impacts it had, especially on the soil. He follows these effects right through to the historical period and the modern day, often showing how patterns of land use laid down in earlier times often strongly influenced the organisation of human settlements which we recognise today. Perhaps I'll come back to explore this properly another time, but for now suffice it to say that nothing in this book has fundamentally altered my understanding of agriculture as 'a regressive rather than a progressive evolutionary event' (to use the words of Oak enthusiast David Bainbridge).
[Above images print-screened from the google preview of the book]
* – 'There was considerably less chaparral and underbrush [in aboriginal times], due to the Maidu practice of burning off the areas near where they lived each fall and winter. They preferred an open, grassy, oak savannah habitat for several reasons. Open country is much easier to travel in than country with thick underbrush; it is easier to find game and harder for enemies to sneak up on the camp. More bulbs and greens grow in such an environment, and it is easier to gather acorns on bare ground.' – anthropologist John Duncan, quoted in Kat Anderson's Tending The Wild, p.288
† – for example: 'The Late Mesolithic phase is defined by the repetitive application of fire to the woodland to encourage a mosaic of productive vegetation regeneration patches, consistent with the promotion of Corylus [Hazel] and to aid hunting. In this phase, weed species including Plantago lanceolata [Ribwort Plantain], Rumex [Dock/Sorrel] and Chenopodiaceae [Fat Hen/Good King Henry] are frequent, taxa which are normally associated with the first farmers.' (from the abstract to 'Late Mesolithic and early Neolithic forest disturbance' – anyone with access to the full paper please get in touch!)


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Size Chart
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Mar 17, 2020
Activity Security Representative III Hanscom AFB, MA Watermark Risk Management International has an exciting opportunity for a talented Activity Security Representative to join our team and provide multi-disciplined security support to a customer's facility and organization. The position will provide "day-to-day" support for Collateral, Sensitive Compartmented Information (SCI) and Special Access Program (SAP) activities. Requirements: • Must be familiar with security policy and or manuals and the appropriate Director of Central Intelligence Directive (DCID), Joint Air Force – Army – Navy (JAFANS) and other guiding policy documents. • Must have the ability to work in a dynamic environment and effectively interact with numerous DOD, military and or civilian personnel and industry partners • Working knowledge of Microsoft Office (Word, PowerPoint, and Excel) • Possess a high degree of originality, creativity, initiative requiring minimal supervision • Willingness to travel within the organizational geographic Area of Responsibility (AOR) (note – could be extensive, and will include both air and ground transportation) In this role you will: • Classification reviews of inbound and outbound correspondence • Assist in the maintenance of a document accountability database and associated correspondence • Processing inbound and outbound classified mail and receipt records • Perform destruction of classified materials • Process magnetic media for accountability • Reproduction support for classified materials • Maintain various daily logs for a variety of administrative functions associated with document control • Assist in the processing of inbound data and outbound data transfer files • Transfer electronic data files to internal customers • Maintain an extensive customer database point of contact listing • Assist with researching, processing, filing, and maintaining inbound and outbound visit notices • Escort facility visitors and maintains associated logs • Assist in the preparation of facility access control badges • Conduct entry and exit inspections • Assist in the maintenance of facility access control entry systems, to include visitor control • Perform data entry to the Personnel Access Security System database and maintain all customer sponsored billets and quota information • Assist in maintaining personnel security files for all personnel of the supported element • Follow and enforce the customer's Standard Operating Procedures • Provide support for the security awareness and education programs • Perform miscellaneous administrative support functions as directed by the contractor site lead and/or the Senior Security Representative • Review, track, and monitor security clearance processing activities with appropriate government personnel to achieve appropriate clearance actions • Participate in Air Force SAP security compliance inspections of government organizations and industry • Implement Top Secret Control for accountable material and associated correspondence • Prepare and or process inbound and outbound classified mail, faxes, courier packages and receipts • Prepare, process, and or review Program Access Request (PARs) for accuracy and access eligibility • Execute Special Access Program Nomination Process Questionnaires • Conduct Defense Central Index of Investigations (DCII), Joint Personnel Access System (JPAS), and Special Access Program Nomination Process (SAPNP) reviews of candidates being submitted for SAP access • Perform data entry and record checks in the Air Force Access Data System (AFADS) and maintains all customer sponsored personnel access information current • Perform indoctrinations • Provide leadership, mentoring, and quality assurance for Team Members Experience: • 5-7 years related experience Education: • Bachelor's degree or equivalent experience (4 years) Certifications: • Must complete the DoD Special Access Program Central Office (SAPCO) approved SAPNP training (if performing personnel security functions) Security Clearance: • Current Top-Secret Clearance with SCI Eligibility • Eligibility for access to Special Access Program Information • Willingness to submit to a Counterintelligence polygraph CLICK ON LINK BELOW TO BE DIRECTED TO OUR WEBSITE FOR YOUR APPLICATION: https://watermarkriskmanagementinternationalllc.applytojob.com/apply Watermark Risk Management International, LLC is an Equal Opportunity and Affirmative Action Employer and does not discriminate in employment on the basis of race, color, religion, sex (including pregnancy and gender identity), national origin, political affiliation, sexual orientation, marital status, disability, genetic information, age, membership in an employee organization, retaliation, parental status, military service, or other non-merit factors.
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Boozer stepping up play in a big way
In the last five games, Carlos Boozer is averaging 23.2 points, 12 rebounds and is shooting 53 percent from the field.
Of course, everyone knew he was capable of posting these numbers. He's made all-star and Olympic teams during his career. But this is a significant step up from his season scoring average of 15.2 points.
"I think he's playing his best basketball," center Joakim Noah said Tuesday. "He feels very comfortable out there. We kind of understand where he wants the ball.
"I think we're playing very unselfish basketball right now. Whoever's open is getting the ball. I think that's a sign of good things for this team. Booz is just killing it in the paint right now, so we're just giving him as many touches as possible."
Coach Tom Thibodeau didn't have a great explanation for why Boozer's production is up recently. But he did stand by the often-maligned power forward.
"He's played very well for us," Thibodeau said. 'I don't think he's gotten he credit he deserves. When you look at him, at the end of every season, how he measures up to other power forwards, he's always at the top.
"He's gotten more opportunities right now because people are searching him out and that's what the defense is telling us is open."
Skiles not a hater:
As he left the Milwaukee Bucks in the midst of his fifth season as head coach, Scott Skiles wanted to clear up one report.
Speaking to the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel, Skiles said a Twitter suggestion that he hated his team was "an absolute lie."
"There's always the normal coach-player friction that goes on," Skiles said. "This is, as NBA teams go, this is a good group of guys."
Milwaukee general manager John Hammond, a Zion-Benton High School graduate, had nothing bad to say about Skiles after the exit became official.
"He's in his fifth year and that's a fairly long run in the NBA," Hammond said in the Journal Sentinel. "This is a very tough business. We can start talking in clichés if we want and say the team isn't hearing the voice or the message isn't getting across.
"We can surmise things like that but I'd like to say I enjoyed my time working with Scott. He did an excellent job for us and we appreciate who he is and his time he had here and wish him nothing but the very best."
Thibs sees future coaches:
Scott Skiles isn't the only future head coach to play under Tom Thibodeau. At the end of Skiles' career, he worked with Thibodeau in Philadelphia with head coach John Lucas.
"It's interesting, because I had an opportunity to coach Avery (Johnson). I coached Vinny (Del Negro)," Thibodeau said. "So all three guys, you could see when they were playing, they would be good coaches. They studied the game, they gave everything they had each and every day. When you looked at them, you said, 'They have the right characteristics.'"
Thibodeau was then asked if any current Bulls are good coaching candidates. He smiled, scanned the gym and gave a response.
"We have a few guys I think would make really good coaches," he said. "At this point, usually early on in a career, no one wants to coach. They're smart."
Hinrich out again:
Guard Kirk Hinrich sat out Tuesday's practice because of a gash on his right elbow, which happened in the third quarter of Monday's win over Cleveland. His status for the Milwaukee game is unclear.


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Economist says new challenges ahead for Neb. economy
Nebraskans unemployed, underemployed
Nebraska sustained the economic downfall better than most states, but economists, job seekers and state officials fear there is a new challenge ahead -- the labor market.
Dr. Ernie Goss, of Creighton University, said federal statistics show thousands of jobs were lost in Nebraska.
"Since September of last year, Nebraska has lost some 6,000 nonfarm jobs," Goss said.
Goss describes the Bureau of Labor Statistics data as troubling.
"That's quite significant for a state with fewer than 1 million workers," Goss said.
Gross said food processing and ethanol manufacturing, along with export jobs, were all hit by the losses.
Staff members at the Nebraska Department of Labor's Career Center said they are busy helping the unemployed look for jobs and are helping retirees get back into the workforce.
Michael Eastman with the department said unemployment in Nebraska can be seasonal, but the career center is seeing more people who are underemployed.
"They are seeking a better-paying job," Eastman.
The state said Omaha has kept its unemployment rate very low, and officials said they are cautiously optimistic that 2013 will be a good year for hiring new employees.
January's nationwide labor report will be released on Friday. Goss said he is expecting the report to show a net gain of 125,000 jobs but the unemployment rate staying the same.


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