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Preface to the Paper: On the onset of Islamic Insurgency in the mountainous State of Jammu and Kashmir in the year 1989-90 a small but significant ethnic minority called Kashmiri Pandits were forced to leave their homes. Though estimates vary on the number of those who were forced to leave Kashmir valley in the winter of 1989-90, it is broadly believed, on the basis of various figures available with the government, that a total of 56000 plus families forcibly migrated to the plains of India. The exodus which followed a spate of killings and vandalisation /burning of Pandit houses and places of religious worship was described by the NHRC or the National Human Rights Commission as "akin to genocide".
As a response to the ethnic cleansing, a frontline organisation of Kashmiri Pandits called the Panun Kashmir (Our Kashmir) demanded the following:
- The establishment of a separate homeland for Kashmiri Hindus in the Kashmir Valley, comprising the regions of the valley to the East and North of river Jehlum;
- That the constitution of India be applied in letter and spirit in the homeland in order to ensure right to life, liberty, freedom of expression, faith, equality and rule of law;
- That their homeland be placed under central administration with a Union Territory Status till it evolves its own economic and political infrastructure;
- That all the seven lakh Kashmiri Hindus, which includes those who have been driven out of Kashmir in the past and yearn to return to their homeland and those who were forced to leave on account of the terrorist violence in Kashmir, be settled in the homeland on equitable basis with dignity and honour.
Various "un-constitutional experts" whom we shall call "Doubting Thomases" here have from time to time raised the issue of the homeland (UT Of Panun Kashmir) being a constitutional & political impossibility.
Thus in this paper we will try and look at the reorganisation of States in India and what factors caused the reorganisation, whether re-organisation of territories can happen on the basis of ethnicity and thus address the issue of whether the proposed Union Territory of Panun Kashmir is constitutionally and politically possible or not.
I therefore submit my hypothesis as under:
There is nothing that prevents the formation of a Union Territory of Panun Kashmir, either under the Indian Constitution or the Constitution of Jammu and Kashmir. It will thus be a question of the will & determination of the Panun Kashmir organisation to determine the result of the Union Territory of Panun Kashmir.
History of Reorganisation of States in India:
India was an amalgamation of more than 600 princely States at the time of British Raj. Upon the dawn of Independence in South Asia the Hindu Majority Areas became India while the Muslim majority became Pakistan. When the Constitution came into force on January 26, 1950, India became a union of states with extensive autonomy and some states administered by the central government. Under the Constitution, there were three kinds of states — nine Part A states, eight Part B states and 10 Part C states. Part A states were former governors' provinces in British India — Assam, Bengal, Bihar, Bombay, Madras, Orissa, Punjab, Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh. Part B states were the former princely states such as Hyderabad, Saurashtra, Mysore, Travancore-Cochin, Madhya Bharat, Vindhya Pradesh, Patiala & East Punjab States Union and Rajasthan. Part C states included a few princely states as well as former provinces governed by chief commissioners such as Kutch, Himachal Pradesh, Coorg, Manipur, Tripura and so on. J&K was granted special status (under article 370 ) as a result of its merger into the Indian State upon being attacked by Pakistani Trained Tribals.
How one man's sacrifice changed the course of the State Reorganization:
The winter of 1952 could be termed as a watershed in the reorganization of the Indian States. A petite Gandhian Potti Sriramulu fasted for 56 days and died while fasting. His death unleashed a huge wave of protests not just in Madras where he fasted for the statehood of Andhra Pradesh but all over South India. All through his period of fasting Nehru, the left leaning moderate first Prime Minister of India, maintained a stony silence and made no efforts to save the dying man. But that's for another day. What it however did was that it forced Nehru into announcing a separate statehood for Andhra Pradesh , just three days after Sriramulu's death.
Jawaharlal Nehru was left with no option but to appoint a State Organization Commission for creation of States on the basis of linguistic similarities. The State Reorganisation Act came into effect from 1st of Nov,1956. Simultaneously an amendment was made to the constitution which is the now the famous Seventh Amendment. The distinction between Part A and Part B states was removed, which were now known simply as "states". A new type of entity, the union territory, replaced the classification as a Part C or Part D state.
But this was not the end of the reorganization of the states but just the beginning.
It is very important to understand the logic behind the formation of the new states and union territories in order to know whether the proposed Union Territory is possible or not. We shall in this light examine how we arrived at the present 28 states and 7 union territories and as a case we shall study the reorganisation of the Punjab (which was not done on the basis of linguistics) and North East (where states were created on the basis of ethnicity) and take Mizoram as a case study(where a single hill district attained statehood).
India has witnessed three main reorganizations, the first which we have already mentioned above, in 1956, the second in late 1960's (when Punjab was Split) and 1970's when the northeast was split up and several new states were created following the formation of the State of Nagaland and the third in 2000 when the states of Jharkhand, Uttarakhand and Chattisgarh were created. So as we can see the formation of the states has been a continuous process with new states and union territories being created from time to time in the Federal Structure of India.
Before we move to the process of creating new States or Union Territories and the constitutional jargon, which incidentally isn't much, let us study what caused these states to come to fore. Once the principle of linguistic states had been accepted it was only a matter of time that other considerations such as ethnicity would come to fore as a reason for formation of new territories and that is why precisely what happened. In the first reorganization of states Punjab was not touched. It remained as a whole comprising of the former princely state of Himachal Pradesh, the now Haryana and the present day Punjab. The Akaali Dal which was a minority in the erstwhile united Punjab launched an agitation to carve out a Punjabi Suba. There was a lot of Politics behind this, the details of which may only lengthen this paper but it would suffice to say that a mask of language was put on what was purely an ethnic identity question or state or one can even say a matter of religious identity. The Akali Dal manifesto to the SRC declares that, "The true test of democracy, in the opinion of the Shiromani Akali Dal, is that the minorities should feel that they are really free and equal partners in the destiny of their country…to bring home a sense of freedom to the Sikhs, it is vital that there should be a Punjabi speaking language and culture. The Shiromani Akali Dal has reason to believe that a Punjabi-speaking province may give the Sikhs the needful security."
Read again…give Sikhs the needful security
The manifesto makes no bones about the real reason for the demand for formation of a new state .But as one would imagine that it would be an anathema to Nehru as it would be to a lot of so called moderates like our doubting Thomas. The manifesto is abundantly clear as to why the Sikhs and not Punjabis want a new State. Even today most of the low lying hilly areas of Himachal Pradesh have linguistic and cultural similarities with Punjabis, far greater than they have with people living up in the mountains whose language also borrows most of its syntax and word bank from the Punjabi language.
Eventually in the September of 1966 the demand for a Punjabi Suba was accepted and the state was trifurcated when it could simply have been bifurcated because no one else asked for a separate state. The basis given for trifurcation by the Shastri government (Nehru had passed away by then) was that people who speak a derivative of the Braj Bhasha would have a separate state of Haryana and the ones who spoke Pahari or Kangri would be merged with Himachal Pardesh. The government wanted a façade of the linguistically organized state to remain though it was very clear as to why the State of Punjab was created. What this reorganization did was that Sikhs became a majority in the new Punjabi Suba or Punjab as it is called. It is particular importance to this paper that there were no deaths during this agitation although a huge number of people did go to jails.
Now let us move to the more difficult area of North East where reorganization of the Seven Sisters from the unwanted mother Assam, who eventually became a sister herself, took place purely on the basis of preservation of the distinct ethnic character of each of the tribes.
The regional composition of the North East at the time of independence consisted of the Assam plains of the old Assam Province, the hill districts, the North Eastern Frontier tracts (NEFT) of the North Eastern borderland, and the princely states of Manipur and Tripura, both of which opted for merger with India in 1949.As for administrative changes in the wake of the transfer of power on 15th August, the administrative jurisdiction of the excluded and partially excluded areas in the hills of Assam was transferred to the government of Assam which acted on behalf of the Government of India.
The Constitution promulgated in 1950 contained a special provision in the form of the Sixth Schedule for the administration of "tribal" areas that were meant to protect the tribal people who were living scattered throughout the country. The provision was applied to the ethnic groups in the hill region of the North East.
Under it, the "tribal" areas in the North East were divided into two parts, Part A and Part B. The United Khasi and Jaintia Hills District, the Garo Hills District,the Lushai Hills District, the Naga Hills District, the North Cachar Hills District,and the Mikir Hills District were placed in Part A as Autonomous Districts administered by the Government of Assam, The North East Frontier Tract, the Balipara Frontier Tract, the Tirap Frontier Tract, the Abor Hilland Mishmi Hills Districts and the Naga Tribal Area came into Part B, which was administered by the Governor of Assam acting as Agent of the President of India. Tripura and Manipur were not promoted to states but were made special administrative regions under the control of central government. Hereafter, state formation in the North East followed a process whereby the area once unified into Assam was separated and ultimately turned into a state.
Stupid as it may seem, the SRC had suggested that the State of Assam be enlarged to include the princely states of Manipur and Tripura. The ethnic people of the entire North East were up in arms and some literally were and demanded separate states for separate ethnicities. Language as a basis had once again been thrown to dogs. Nagaland was the first state to be created in 1963 .But our considerations lie elsewhere. The representatives of Hill Districts, yes Hill Districts, which were then one district hill towns expressed the hope of forming their own hill state. Far Fetched as it may have seemed for the Ghasis, Jantiyas and Khasis to form a state of Meghalaya it did happen .In 1970 the autonomous Meghalaya State was established which later became a full fledged state in 1972.Meghalaya was still 3 hill districts but imagine a single hill district becoming a full fledged state. The Mizo Hills area which was Lushia Hill District or Mizo Hill District of Assam in 1954 was accorded the Status of a Union Territory in 1972 and attained full statehood in 1987.Now who but an optimist and he who believed in the idea of a separate State of Mizoram would have imagined that one day it would be a separate state within the Federal Structure of India.
So we have no dearth of examples of states and Union Territories being created on one pretext or another and despite Nehru's wishes of a hugely centralized administrative machinery the formation of new states and reorganisation is and was not just a political compulsion to keep the Union of India together and but an acceptance of the diversity of the various constituents of Indian Union accompanied with the frailty or strength of the Federal Structure depending upon how we look at it. Whatever may be the reasons, the truth is that new States were created and the Indian state like the Universe though may be whole but is in a constant state of making and unmaking within.
That brings us to the important Part of this paper which will deal with the process of creating of a new Union Territory or a State with special reference to Jammu and Kashmir in the context of it having Article 370 and a separate constitution.
Process of formation of a UT/State within the Indian Dominion
I will try and make this as lucid as I possibly can so that the spirit of the Indian Constitution is not lost on us. The Parliament has the power to form a new state or territory within the Indian Dominion. Articles 2 and 3 of the Indian Constitution bestow on the Parliament the power to establish new states on such terms and conditions as it deems fit. The Article 3 of the Indian Constitution which deals with the power and procedure to establish new states reads
3. Formation of new States and alteration of areas, boundaries or names of existing States.—Parliament may by law—
(a)form a new State by separation of territory from any State or by uniting two or more States or parts of States or by uniting any territory to a part of any State;
(b) increase the area of any State;
(c) diminish the area of any State;
(d) alter the boundaries of any State;
(e) alter the name of any State:
Provided that no Bill for the purpose shall be introduced in either House of Parliament except on the recommendation of the President and unless, where the proposal contained in the Bill affects the area, boundaries or name of any of the States, the Bill has been referred by the President to the Legislature of that State for expressing its views thereon within such period as may be specified in the reference or within such further period as the President may allow and the period so specified or allowed has expired.
Explanation I.—In this article, in clauses (a) to (e), "State" includes a Union territory, but in the proviso, "State" does not include a Union territory.
Explanation II.—The power conferred on Parliament by clause (a) includes the power to form a new State or Union territory by uniting a part of any State or Union territory to any other State or Union territory.
We have to read the Articles 2 &3 with reference to the 4th Article of the Constitution which reads.
4. Laws made under articles 2 and 3 to provide for the amendment of the First and the Fourth Schedules and supplemental, incidental and consequential matters.—(1) Any law referred to in article 2 or article 3 shall contain such provisions for the amendment of the First Schedule and the Fourth Schedule as may be necessary to give effect to the provisions of the law and may also contain such supplemental, incidental and consequential provisions (including provisions as to representation in Parliament and in the Legislature or Legislatures of the State or States affected by such law) as Parliament may deem necessary.
(2) No such law as aforesaid shall be deemed to be an amendment of this Constitution for the purposes of article 368.
It is very important to refer to the 1st Schedule of the Indian Constitution which clearly defines the geographical area of the state of Jammu and Kashmir.
So the creation of the Union Territory is the prerogative of the President and the Parliament and the State Legislature's interference is limited to just giving its opinion. Although on account of Article 370 of The Indian Constitution which gives special but temporary status to the State we have to be careful to read the law. The Parliament can make laws but the applicability of such powers or even the power to make such laws in case of J&K is limited to those matters in Union and Concurrent Lists (we will see later in our paper how Parliament's supremacy holds even in matters related to State List) which unfortunately is silent on the re-organisation of the State. So are we at a dead end ? Well far from it. The President has the power to issue a public notification which may either cease the powers of the Article completely or they may be applicable with certain provisions or modifications. It is under those powers that the 1953 position when India Parliament or the Central Government controlled only Four subjects (defence, external affairs, communications and ancillary) now holds a sway over most of the policy making and law making instruments. We must also read the Instrument of Accession to know how land can be acquired in the State of Jammu and Kashmir. The point six of the instrument reads:
Nothing in this Instrument shall empower the Dominion Legislature to make any law for this State authorizing the compulsory acquisition of land for any purpose, but I hereby undertake that should the Dominion for the purpose of a Dominion law which applies in this State deem it necessary to acquire any land, I will at their request acquire the land at their expense, or, if the land belongs to me transfer it to them on such terms as may be agreed or, in default of agreement, determined by an arbitrator to be appointed by the Chief Justice of India.
There also is nothing in either the article 370 or the constitution of J&K or the Instrument of Accession or the Indian Constitution that forbids the formation of the UT within the State of Jammu and Kashmir. Yes there may be no precedence on the issue but then there wasn't any precedence of the formation of Hill Districts as States in the North East.
Also noteworthy are numerous references in the constitution especially in the part of the constitution concerning the relations between the Union and States i.e Part XI. Time and again it reiterates the Power of the Parliament even regarding those issues which may fall in the purview of the State List. In the same Chapter mentions and I quote," 251. Inconsistency between laws made by Parliament under articles 249 and 250 and laws made by the Legislatures of States.—Nothing in articles 249 and 250 shall restrict the power of the Legislature of a State to make any law which under this Constitution it has power to make, but if any provision of a law made by the Legislature of a State is repugnant to any provision of a law made by Parliament which Parliament has under either of the said articles power to make, the law made by Parliament, whether passed before or after the law made by the Legislature of the State, shall prevail, and the law made by the Legislature of the State shall to the extent of the repugnancy, but so long only as the law made by Parliament continues to have effect, be inoperative.
We will also look at how the amendment will be made once the bill is passed in both houses of Parliament and an Act comes into effect. It is then a mere formality that the necessary amendments as they may be for the creation of the new state/UT. Article 368 confers on the Parliament to make amendments. Although it is not within the scope of this paper to define the procedure of the covenants or riders yet we must know this simply to understand the process. The Article 368 reads as follows:
368. Power of Parliament to amend the Constitution and procedure therefor.— (1) Notwithstanding anything in this Constitution, Parliament may in exercise of its constituent power amend by way of addition, variation or repeal any provision of this Constitution in accordance with the procedure laid down in this article.
(2) An amendment of this Constitution may be initiated only by the introduction of a Bill for the purpose in either House of Parliament, and when the Bill is passed in each House by a majority of the total membership of that House and by a majority of not less than two-thirds of the members of that House present and voting, it shall be presented to the President who shall give his assent to the Bill and thereupon the Constitution shall stand amended in accordance with the terms of the Bill:
Provided that if such amendment seeks to make any change in—
(a) article 54, article 55, article 73, article 162 or article 241, or
(b) Chapter IV of Part V, Chapter V of Part VI, or Chapter I of Part XI, or
(c) any of the Lists in the Seventh Schedule, or
(d) the representation of States in Parliament, or
(e) the provisions of this article,
the amendment shall also require to be ratified by the Legislatures of not less than one-half of the States by resolutions to that effect passed by those Legislatures before the Bill making provision for such amendment is presented to the President for assent.
(3) Nothing in article 13 shall apply to any amendment made under this article.
[(4) No amendment of this Constitution (including the provisions of Part III) made or purporting to have been made under this article whether before or after the commencement of section 55 of the Constitution (Forty-second Amendment) Act, 1976] shall be called in question in any court on any ground.
(5) For the removal of doubts, it is hereby declared that there shall be no limitation whatever on the constituent power of Parliament to amend by way of addition, variation or repeal the provisions of this Constitution under this article.]
For the formation of the UT the amendment makes no changes in the a) to e) section of the Article 368(2).
States/Union Territories can be created not just on the basis of linguistical similarities or dis-similarities but on the basis of preservation of ethnicities and in some cases even religious identity of a particular group.
The Formation of the Union Territory/State is purely a prerogative of the Parliament and even if the State Legislature from which the new territory is to be carved votes the proposal out (though the President only seeks their views and not consent) yet the supremacy of the Parliament will prevail.
The Proposed Union Territory of Panun Kashmir has a valid reason to be established because it will help stop the erasure of the unique ethnic culture and tradition of the Kashmiri Pandits.
The Union Territory of Panun Kashmir-How and When:
Now that we established that there is a precedent for creation of Union Territories on the basis of ethnicities and States on the basis of religious similarities and the Constitution is not an impediment in the creation of the UT in the State of Jammu and Kashmir, we must ask how and when it is likely to be established.
Some two years back the Legislative Assembly of the Madhya Pradesh State (on the insistence of the Panun Kashmir organisation) passed a resolution by voice vote asking both the Centre and the State Government to carve out a separate area within the State of Jammu and Kashmir for the ethnic minority called Kashmiri Pandits. Though the resolution may have no legal or constitutional validity it does point to how and when the Panun Kashmir organisation can push forward the passage of the bill to create UT of Panun Kashmir. The passage of the bill can be smooth only when there is a favourable dispensation (towards the idea) and when the dispensation has numbers on its side to have the bill passed through both houses of the Parliament. Difficult as it may seem today it is not an impossible task by any means. There is every likelihood that in near future (30-40 years) time a dispensation (like the one of Shivraj Singh Chauhan, the MP-CM) will rule in the Centre and will have numbers to pass the resolution .It is then that the Panun Kashmir Organisation should press for a resolution of the issue and have a bill passed in both houses of the Parliament. Till that time they need to keep working hard in raising the political pitch on the issue, a sizeable part of that work is already done or is in the process of being accomplished. There is no doubt today that most in the media or policy making circles or even the successive Government at the Centre recognize(only PK has represented Kashmiri Pandits on all round table Kashmir Committee set up by the government) Panun Kashmir as the organization representing Pandits though every now and then some formations like third front in the Centre do prop up but they vanish as fast as they appear. The State Legislature will never be favourably inclined towards Panun Kashmir and towards Pandits at large but be that as it may ,its negative feedback on the issue or its throwing out or not admitting the bill has no bearing once the Parliament has passed the bill.
We must also understand that formation of UT's or new States does take time and to expect results like a cup of instant coffee may just not be possible. So for those who ask how long I must say, long enough as it has been for every other state be it Punjab or be it Mizoram. Although we have gone into some detail over the history, politics and constitution with regard to formation of new states I reiterate that even if there is no history or even if the constitution does not have the necessary provisions the will (here I mean intensity and not mere numbers) of the people who want the state will eventually prevail over the them and provisions will be and always have been made to accommodate the aspirations and genuine demands of the people. For those doubting Thomases who may keep parroting that it is a constitutionally impossibility we have shown it is not, but more important than that for them and for us is to understand that many nations have been created and many have merged since the formation of the United Nations .None of them had a constitutional provision to either merge or break, so it is only for the naysayers or the unbelievers to look for a written word as a permission to bring forth a new idea or implement a new one and that too when the written word is not divine but written by mere mortals like us or by those on whom we enshrined the responsibility of writing the constitution.
This paper is definitely not the final word on the issue and I am willing to stand corrected, guided and evolved by people who have more insight and knowledge of the issue at hand.I hope that this rather preliminary note of mine spurs the real constitutional experts to delve deeper into the issue, with their knowledge and erudition into the understanding of the constitution. It should also bring this issue to debate and the Kashmiri Pandits as a community should thread bare discuss the law and politics which will make the UT of Panun Kashmir a reality.
1. The Constitution of India.
2. The Constitution of Jammu and Kashmir.
3. Instrument of Accession
4. The States Reorganisation Act 1956.
5. The Punjab Reorganisation Act 1966.
6. The North Eastern States (Re-organisation) Amendment Bill 2011 as presented in Lok Sabha.
7. Marg Darshan Resolution of Panun Kashmir adopted in 1991.
8. Singh, Gurharpal, 1995, The Punjab Crisis Since 1984: A Reassessment', Ethnic and racial Studies Vol. 18.
9. Phadnis, Urmila, 1989, Ethnicity and Nation-building in South Asia, New Delhi, Sage Publications.
10. Pal, Kiran, 1993, Tension Areas in Center-State Relations, New Delhi, Surid Publications.
Follow the author on Twitter @rashneek


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"One good thing about music, when it hits you feel no pain."~ Robert (Bob) Nesta Marley
I can't think of one music genre that unites people more than Reggae does. Or any one artist known the world over, like Bob Marley (other than Michael Jackson, may they both rest in peace).
All races, all ages, all corners of the world. Roots reggae soothes, it warms the soul, it makes you think positive. And no matter what is going on, there is nothing like listening live reggae to make your troubles go away. Well, at least for a few hours!
And today, the music genre is far from dead. If anything it has gained in popularity and is growing into more and more festivals around the world. I think it's because now more than ever, we all seek peace and unity, and an understanding of life one way or another. Reggae lyrics are about just that – the concept of One Love.
But I will still say this: you haven't really listened to reggae until you've heard it live in Jamaica. On the beach, by the water, or on the cliffs… the breeze blowing and the melodies ringing in your ear, and up close and personal with reggae's top recording artists. There's an unspoken, spiritual cadence in the air when the music plays in Jamaica.
It's also how I started my concert photography, shooting live reggae in Jamaica. If anyone had told me years ago that I'd be doing that one day, I would have thought they were nuts. But that's just it – just like travel, reggae has the power to move and inspire, to change.
So if there ever was a good reason to visit the land of Bob – aside from its beautiful beaches and culture – music is it. Come see what brings so many people together, first hand. You never know where it might lead you.
Bunny Wailer, of the original Bob Marley & The Wailers | Live at the Annual Bob Marley Birthday Bash | Negril, Jamaica, February 2009
Bob Marley's sons can be found performing live at home, when not on tour overseas. A truly magical experience. | Marley Magic Show | Negril, Jamaica, April 2009
Beres Hammond, at the "One Love Concert Series" – now Jamaica's rising best concert series| Negril, Jamaica, February 2010 | Every Tuesday night, the sea and cliffside resort Negril Escape features a major reggae artist, live. Can't think of a better way to experience reggae in Jamaica.
Ky-Mani Marley, One Love Concert Series, Jamaica 2010
A unique reggae experience in Jamaica (and the most popular today) is Rebel Salute. | Jamaica 2011
The Jungle Nightclub, one of Jamaica's well-known venues, hosts concerts throughout the year. | Rootz Underground, Negril, Jamaica, March 2009
Jamaica's established and ever-growing Annual Jamaica Jazz & Blues Festival always features at least a one great Jamaican artist or group. ~ Third World, January 2010
Flags at reggae concert in Jamaica add to the overall vibe | Bob Marley Birthday Bash, Negril, Jamaica 2009

subset: commoncrawl


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I love the metal basket with glass vases!!!ReplyDelete
I signed up for the daily emailReplyDelete
I love the big wooden caddy they had recently. You could use that for so many different occasions!ReplyDelete
I'm a FB liker!ReplyDelete
Liked them on FB!ReplyDelete
I'm signed up for their daily emails. packer {dot} becky {at} gmail {dot} comReplyDelete
I get WUSLU's emails!ReplyDelete
I am subscribed to the Wuslu email & daily have to resist buying EVERYTHING! haha!ReplyDelete
Subscribed to their email. Now I'm going to have to hide my credit card so I don't buy all their amazing items!ReplyDelete
I "liked" them on FB. Thanks!ReplyDelete
I really liked the wood pails they had a couple of days ago.ReplyDelete
So many cute things - I like the chalk metal pendant, and the distressed metal key locker. Oh, and the Paris Antiquités Clock. packer {dot} becky {at} gmail {dot} comReplyDelete
Love the HUGE wooded caddy.ReplyDelete
hmmm I just love it all! I like the bird cages and pillows a lot though!ReplyDelete
I really like the Metal Basket with Glass Vases. Super cute and can be integrated all year long!ReplyDelete
I 'Liked' them on facebook.ReplyDelete
I have already checked them out and purchased from them.ReplyDelete
I am following on facebook too :)ReplyDelete
I subscribed to their e-mail list.ReplyDelete
I've signed up and love the lanterns!ReplyDelete
love the wooden caddy and those cupcake standsReplyDelete
Love the cupcake standReplyDelete
I love the green pie safe! Everything so cute! Registered and liked on FB! :)ReplyDelete
I love the malta laternsReplyDelete
I like the pie safe! :)ReplyDelete
- AnonymousNovember 15, 2011 at 12:35 PM
I love the white individual cupcake stands!!ReplyDelete
- AnonymousNovember 15, 2011 at 12:35 PM
I Like them on FB!ReplyDelete
I like them on facebook.ReplyDelete
I love everything they have. But those lanterns are awesome and I have been in the market for a cute set so this is great timing.ReplyDelete
I liked on Facebook!ReplyDelete
I signed up for emails!ReplyDelete
I love the lantern they sold in October!ReplyDelete
Totally diggin' the "grow" petrol letters/signage.ReplyDelete
- AnonymousNovember 15, 2011 at 12:50 PM
I love Wuslu! I loved a bamboo rug they had a while back and they had the cutest foot stool ever! Ooh what a girl can do with a store credit!ReplyDelete
- AnonymousNovember 15, 2011 at 12:53 PM
I "liked" Wuslu on FBReplyDelete
I love the cupcake stands!ReplyDelete
Love the "{Boudoir Luxury} Pastel Blue Romantic Chic Mirror"ReplyDelete
lindsfitch at hotmail dot com
- AnonymousNovember 15, 2011 at 12:55 PM
I am receiving their e-mailsReplyDelete
I subscribe to the email list.ReplyDelete
lindsfitch at hotmail dot com
I love (and just bought) the galvanized number tins last week!ReplyDelete
WUSLU+WOOHOO=WINNER....WHAT A GREAT DEAL ...I ALREADY SUBSCRIBE TO WUSLU..ReplyDelete
I love almost all of their stuff. I like how it all has a patina and looks as if it has a story to it.ReplyDelete
Also, I get their emails. Thanks!ReplyDelete
The cupcake stands are pretty darn cute!ReplyDelete
joellenzafacon at gmail dot com
The Antique White Ceramic Cupcake Stands are ADORABLE!!!ReplyDelete
Love the rusted factory metal bin.ReplyDelete
Liked on FB.ReplyDelete
This may sound funny but I could really use the wooden sock organizer to solve all my sock issues. I would have never considered getting one but it is really cute and practical. email@example.com
I liked them on facebook!ReplyDelete
I love the Tin Planters with Chalkboards...super adorable!ReplyDelete
I subscribed to their email list!ReplyDelete
I liked them on facebook.ReplyDelete
ashmarie95829 at yahoo dot com
I have been looking for old fashion laterns and they have them :)ReplyDelete
ashmarie95829 at yahoo dot com
Found lots of things I want! The cupcake stands, the galvanized number tins, the metal basket with glass vases...yeah, I can keep listing my wants! :DReplyDelete
I like Wuslu on fb.ReplyDelete
I just subscribed to get their emails.ReplyDelete
I LIKED THEM ON FACEBOOK! CUTE STUFF:)ReplyDelete
I would have loved to buy the set of 12 galvanized numbered canisters that were featured Nov 7th.ReplyDelete
emilystevens03 @ yahoo dot com
Love the galvanized number tins!ReplyDelete
Subscribed to their emails.ReplyDelete
Already a fan on FacebookReplyDelete
I liked Wuslu on Facebook.ReplyDelete
emilystevens03 @ yahoo dot com
- AnonymousNovember 15, 2011 at 2:20 PM
i love that wooden crate and the medal rustic crate. so many ot pick from though = )ReplyDelete
- AnonymousNovember 15, 2011 at 2:22 PM
i'm already a follow of wuslu on fb = )ReplyDelete
- AnonymousNovember 15, 2011 at 2:23 PM
i also get the email address from them = )ReplyDelete
I love the vintage reclaimed wood lantern from todays deal! :)ReplyDelete
I liked them on facebook! Love their site!ReplyDelete
I have been subscribed to their emails for a few weeks now! and am loving them even more! Just wish I had more money to spend! :)ReplyDelete
I liked WUSLU on facebookReplyDelete
I liked them on Facebook!!! Very interesting site. Thanks! KathleenReplyDelete
I love the ceramic cupcake stand and the beautiful lanterns. Thanks!!! email@example.com
I subscribed to their email list. Thanks for the opportunity to win.ReplyDelete
love the vintage wood pails!ReplyDelete
i like wuslu on fbReplyDelete
i get wuslu's daily emailsReplyDelete
The chalk metal penant is very cool!ReplyDelete
I like the Malta lantern.ReplyDelete
love them and i really want the cupcake stands they had just the other dayReplyDelete
im on their mailing list!ReplyDelete
I love the ceramic cupcake stands! So cute!ReplyDelete
Liked them on Facebook!ReplyDelete
Well I love all things old and charming, so definitely the crates, but I also like the candle holders too!ReplyDelete
subscribed to their email list!!ReplyDelete
I adore the lantern they have listed today.ReplyDelete
I love the {Boudoir Luxury} Pastel Blue Romantic Chic MirrorReplyDelete
moodykelly at gmail dot com
i am a fan of WUSLU on FBReplyDelete
i get daily e-mails from WUSLUReplyDelete
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I like Wuslu on Facebook (and left a comment on their wall).ReplyDelete
I subscribed to the Wuslu mailing listReplyDelete
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Marynn firstname.lastname@example.com
LOVE LOVE LOVE Wuslu...got a wire cloche awhile back and just waiting for the next thing I absolutely HAVE to have!ReplyDelete
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mandamae10 at yahoo dot com
I like the lanterns. Thanks for the heads up. I follow many sites with different daily offerings.ReplyDelete
I subscribed to WUSLU's email list.ReplyDelete
I love the the antique clock. Just had to have it.ReplyDelete
I like wuslu on fbReplyDelete
I most definitely subscribe to their email updatesReplyDelete
I LOVE the set of 3 Mercury Glass Pillar Holders! So beautiful!ReplyDelete
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I received wuslu's emails.ReplyDelete
I love the cloches! Thanks for hosting the giveaway.ReplyDelete
I love everything they sell. Mostly the rustic and industrial stuff. Everyday I drool over what they are offering. And if I win, I could finally afford to get something.ReplyDelete
I get their email!ReplyDelete
I also liked them on FB! Thanks for the giveaway!ReplyDelete
Love that big old wooden caddy.ReplyDelete
Signed up for the emails too!ReplyDelete
I love their mix of found and more current things, especially the metal canisters.ReplyDelete
Love the handcrafted huge wooden caddy. Thanks for a great giveaway.ReplyDelete
I subscribe to their emails!ReplyDelete
I like the Antique White Ceramic Cupcake Stands.ReplyDelete
Oh my gosh! Thanks for sharing, I'm in love with it all :) I looked back in history, and I'm a big fan of the "Money can't buy you happiness" large pillowReplyDelete
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I "liked" WUSLU on FacebookReplyDelete
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I love the metal basket with glass vases and the cupcake stands (so cute). Thank you! :)ReplyDelete
Hey this was easy! I was already a friend with them and subscribed to the emails! Did you check out those buckets they had for sale the other day? I also really had a hard resisting their drawers they had on sale during the special sale a few weeks ago! amazing!ReplyDelete
Love the pie safe from a few days ago!ReplyDelete
I subscribed to their email list.ReplyDelete
Okay really? I am so upset I missed the {Sweet Deal} Antique White Ceramic Cupcake Stands, Set Of 6!!!! I love, love, love them!ReplyDelete
{Farmhouse Style} Galvanized Numbered CanistersReplyDelete
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I like them on fb!!! keeping my fingers crossed....ReplyDelete
I realy like the mini cupcakes stands!!!!ReplyDelete
Thank you for taking the time to leave your thoughts and comments. We truly love and appreciate each one!


text:
Taberna "La Chata"
Madrid is the ideal city for enjoying the popular custom of "going out for tapas": this consists of moving from one bar to another with your friends and enjoying delicious bite-sized portions of typical local specialities (potato omelette, spicy fried potatoes in sauce, croquettes, squid, cod, bull's tail…) accompanied by a refreshing glass of beer or a good wine, and interesting conversation.
In the historic centre (mainly in the neighbourhoods of Huertas and La Latina, near the Plaza Mayor) you'll find classic taverns (with their unmistakeable tile-covered façades) and modern venues where in addition to tapas you can order raciones (more plentiful dishes to share) and inexpensive set menus. They are all full of people who come to enjoy the great atmosphere at lunch and dinner time. Some, like Casa Lucio, have become so famous that personalities like Bill Clinton have dropped in to sample their dishes.
Why not find a seat at a table on a sunny terrace, and just watch the enormous variety of people from all over the world enjoying this gastronomic tradition in Madrid? And don't miss the chance to order a delicious vermouth on tap to drink with your tapa!
Организация поездки
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text:
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Home › Classroom Resources › Lesson Plans
Lesson Plan
A Genre Study of Letters With The Jolly Postman
|3 – 5
|Lesson Plan Type
|Standard Lesson
|Estimated Time
|Three 45-minute sessions
|Lesson Author
Urbana, Illinois
In this lesson, The Jolly Postman is used as an authentic example to discuss letter writing as a genre. Students explore the letters to the storybook characters delivered by The Jolly Postman. They then learn how to categorize their own examples of mail. The Jolly Postman uses well-known storybook characters, from fairy tales and nursery rhymes, as recipients of letters. This children's storybook is therefore ideal for using as a review of these genres of literature and as a means of helping children begin to explore rhyme and a variety of writing styles. Several pieces of literature appropriate for use with this lesson are suggested.
Picture Books That Feature Letters: This printable booklist contains a list of children's books that feature letters in the story.
Letter Attributes Chart: This printable chart describes the characteristics of friendly, business, and persuasive letters.
Letter Generator: This online tool allows students to read about the parts of a letter. They can then write and print their own friendly or business letter.
In "Reading to Students as Part of Genre Study," Dick Koblitz explains, "One of the reasons I read aloud daily to the six- to nine-year-old students in my multiage primary classroom is to introduce a genre. This has deepened the more intensive genre study that my students and I do in our literature group discussions" (1). In Koblitz's classroom, "Constructing meaning from a text or about a particular genre of literature occurs before, during, and after the read-aloud session" (1). Before beginning to read, Koblitz shares basic information about the genre. During the reading, Koblitz pauses to explore vocabulary and identify conventions. After reading, students make predictions about what will happen next. Koblitz concludes that "using interactive read-alouds can be powerful in helping students to discover the literary elements of a particular genre of literature. They always want to read more books by the same authors or in the same genre. And they will often begin to write their own stories in the genre, incorporating many of the same rules and structures of the more experienced authors" (2). This lesson plan follows a similar process, using The Jolly Postman as a read-aloud text that leads to genre exploration and serves as a model for students' own writing.
Further Reading
Koblitz, Dick. "Reading to Students as Part of Genre Study," School Talk 7.2 (April 2002): 1-2.


text:
Heart-Shaped Sterling Silver Pendant Bracelet from Bali, "Heart Knot"
Coming Back!
This item is available for backorder and will ship within 2 to 8 weeks. Read more
Pre-Order Now!
This item is available for pre-order and will ship within 2 to 8 weeks. Read more
Presented by Wayan Asmana, this bracelet is designed by local artisans. Sterling silver Borobudur chain encircles the wrist, centered by a sterling heart pendant elaborated with intricate patterns.
- 20 grams
- 0.71 oz
- Bracelet: 19 cm L x 0.3 cm W
- Bracelet: 7.5" L x 0.1" W
- Pendant: 1.2 cm H x 3 cm W x 0.5 cm D
- Pendant: 0.5" H x 1.2" W x 0.2" D
This artist has dramatically improved their livelihood by working with NOVICA.
Celuk is a Balinese silversmithing center and it is there that Asmana, while still in elementary school, began to learn the art of jewelry making. His father was a well-known silversmith who taught him bon, jawan and other jewelry techniques that have been handed from generation to generation in Celuk. Now in his sixties, Asmana has taught this art to many others and is dedicated to seeing it passed to the next generation.
This artist is currently supporting and providing for the education of their children, grandchildren, or children in their community, whether it be at the primary, secondary, or university level.
Wayan Asmana has received 3 microcredit loans with 0% interest from Kiva and Novica, the first for $2850 and the most recent for $3000.
Asmana and his workers rely on the stable income that Novica sales bring. These sales are their primary source of income.
This artist striving to supporting their own or their family's basic needs and improve their livelihood.
Asmana employs assistants and silversmiths.
Meet the Artist
Wayan Asmana
Sterling silver jewelry
Bali and Java222 artist reviews
Cause Badges
Wayan Asmana Sterling silver jewelry
"My jewelry is now known in many different countries... thanks to you. I will continue to work harder and better to please you, all my dear customers. Thank you so much!"
Wayan Asmana is a master silversmith from Sukawati, long regarded as Bali's most important jewelry center. Asmana learned his craft when he was in elementary school but only when he was in senior school did his father teach him how to make gold accessories. Wayan Asmana senior is unquestionably a renowned jewelry maker and designer.
When Asmana returned to his village after going away to college, he married his beautiful bride, Wayan Asmariani. Then he set about starting his own jewelry workshop where he designed and crafted a variety of gold and silver accessories. Business began to flourish and tourists were his main customers. Unfortunately, events such as the World Trade Center attacks and the Legian-Kuta bombing have had a very bad impact on Bali's tourism trade, which in turn has affected Asmana's work.
Setting up on his own is difficult. Asmana tells of the time, three years ago, when a foreign tourist bought almost $1,200 worth of products. When Asmana went to the bank to change the dollars into into rupiah, he was told the money was counterfeit. There was nothing Asmana could do about it.
222 Testimonials for Wayan Asmana
yorba linda CA. USA
More from this Artist
Flowing RiverHandmade Men's Silver Link Bracelet
Length: 8.25"5.0


text:
Arvada Center cancels tonight's "Ragtime" opening
The Arvada Center has canceled tonight's opening-night performance of "Ragtime" because of the illness of a lead actor, and the lack of an immediately available understudy.
Jamal Lee Harris, who will play Coalhouse Walker Jr., informed director Rod Lansberry on Monday that he has been diagnosed with a throat cyst that will require vocal rest until at least later in the week.
Understudy Tyrone Robinson will assume the role of Coalhouse when the musical opens one day and two performances late, at 7:30 p.m. Wednesday night. He'll continue to play the role until Harris is medically cleared to return.
Because the show has not yet opened, understudies have not yet had their regularly scheduled rehearsals with the rest of the cast.
Box office staff began attempting to contact the nearly 1,000 people who have tickets to the two canceled performances. The media has been disinvited to watch any performance until Saturday night.
"The safety and health of our actors is always a primary concern at the Arvada Center," Lansberry said in a statement. "We need 24 hours to re-stage the show and will be ready to present the same high quality production that our audiences have come to expect."
Arvada Center executive director Gene Sobczak issued an apology to patrons for the inconvenience.
Those holding tickets for the Tuesday evening or Wednesday matinee performances will be re-seated at other performances before the show closes on Oct. 2.
This isn't the first time the Arvada Center has been sent scrambling in the midst of what is expected to be another milestone musical production. Three years ago, just 10 days into a four-star staging of "Les Miserables," Broadway star Randal Keith slipped on a pool of on-stage condensation and broke his ankle in seven places. Lansberry rushed in an emergency out-of-town replacement for the final three weeks of the run. Because an understudy was ready, only the performance that was canceled was the one when Keith was injured.
For "Ragtime" ticketing and rescheduling information, call the box office at 720-898-7200.


text:
Health care act still raising concerns
HOUGHTON – The United States has the best health-care system in the world – if you're rich, said Ray Sharp, community planning and preparedness manager for the Western Upper Peninsula Health Department. For the 50 million people without insurance, it's significantly worse.
"The idea behind health care reform is to try to solve that problem, or at least make it a little better, introduce more equity into the system … so that everybody can at least get the basics," he said.
Sharp led the hour-and-a-half presentation on changes in the Affordable Care Act for about 60 people at the Houghton High School auditorium Tuesday night. The Copper Country League of Women Voters sponsored the event.
The Affordable Care Act will require most Americans to have insurance. Plans can begin by Jan. 1 if people sign up by Dec. 15. People can sign up with no penalty until March 31.
People will get coverage in three main ways. The biggest group – about half of American adults – will get insurance through employers. Another third will get insurance through Medicare or Medicaid. About 10 percent will buy insurance for themselves through the marketplace. However, about 30 million Americans are still anticipated not to have insurance.
Changes through the law include the ability to keep children under 26 on their parents' plan and requirements for things such as free preventative care. The ACA also mandates companies with more than 50 people make insurance available to their employees.
Michigan is one of the states running its own marketplace. Right now, two providers – Blue Cross Blue Shield and Consumers Mutual – are offering 12 plans. Sharp said more insurers are likely to add coverage before the open sign-up period ends.
In states such as Michigan, people making below 138 percent of the federal poverty level can sign up for Medicaid. About 500,000 people in Michigan will be eligible for health care through Medicaid starting April 1, Sharp said.
Some people making above 138 percent may still qualify for tax subsidies, the amount of which varies by family size and income. A single person can qualify for subsidies up to $63,000.
Most people who do not have insurance after March 31 will be subject to tax penalties. In 2014, that will be the greater of $95 for adults or 1 percent of their family income.
Some people are exempted from the individual mandate. They include people who don't make enough to file a tax return ($10,000 for an individual, or $20,000 for family). People who would have to pay more than 8 percent of their income for health insurance after employer contributions or tax credits are also exempted.
People can create accounts for health care plans at healthcare.gov, The main portal for health care information. However, the site has been beset by problems; Sharp had to skip a planned walkthrough of the site Tuesday night because it was down.
"They say they're going to have it fixed by the end of November," he said. "I'm not holding my breath. I hope so, though."
But there are other ways to enroll in the plan. People can complete their application process over the phone at 1-800-318-2596. The Health Department is also a certified application counselor that can help people complete paper applications.
Sharp showed a slide displaying health care spending as a percentage of gross domestic product. From about 5 percent in 1960, it's now around 16 percent.
"It's unsustainable," Sharp said.
Most economists project the Affordable Care Act will be better able to contain costs by encouraging preventative care, Sharp said.
"It's cheaper to get an immunization to prevent a disease than it is to be hospitalized for that disease," he said.
Blue Cross Blue Shield and Consumers Mutual both list the available prices and policies on its website.
Sharp also fielded a number of questions from audience members. One asked whether they would have to wait to get their tax credit until they received their usual tax refund.
That's not the case, Sharp said.
"Your coverage could start for a marketplace plan as early as Jan. 1, 2014, and the IRS sends a portion of your premium straight to that private company," he said.
Sharp also addressed the letters that have gone out informing people their policies will be cancelled. Those have come about because the original plans fell short of the new requirements under the law. In most cases, he said, people will be able to get new policies that will provide more benefits for a lower or comparable price.
Audrey Erickson of Eagle River said she came to get information on the Affordable Care Act, particularly Blue Cross coverage.
"Very informative," she said. "I was really impressed."
To look at Blue Cross Blue Shield plans, go to bcbsm.com/index/plans/michigan-health-insurance.html. To look at Consumers Mutual plans, go to consumersmutual.org/individual-and-family-insurance-plans.
To find out if you qualify for insurance subsidies, go to kff.org/interactive/subsidy-calculator.


text: Read about our #WinItTogether initiative supporting the workers and volunteers of today's challenging times Collegiate Flags > Illinois State Redbirds Flag Illinois State University Redbirds Wool Embroidered Banner View All Illinois State Redbirds Flag ITEMS Quantity $39.95 Out of Stock Add to Cart IN STOCK Only Standard Shipping Available Allow 1 to 2 Days Before Shipping Item ID#: WSS-Heritage-ISR Tweet Wish This Illinois State University Redbirds Wool Embroidered Banner is a great commemorative banner of your favorite team. Our Winning Streak Sports premium banner measures 8" (W) x 32" (L), is made of thick wool blends, has applique and embroidery applied team logos, lettering, and years, and is "ready to hang" with an included hanging rod and hanging cord. Time to Celebrate your favorite team's heritage with this Officially Licensed Illinois State University Redbirds Wool Embroidered Banner which is perfect for displaying on any room wall of your house, man cave, or office. If you're seeking an economical 12x30 inch pennant for wall displaying, see our College Conference Pennant Sets which include full size pennant flags for many NCAA school conferences. Featured Items American USA 3x5 Polyester Flag$6.95 USA American Yard Garden Banner$2.95 USA Large Full Size Pennant$5.95 State of Illinois 3x5 Foot Flag$24.95 Rooster Design Welcome Garden Banner$8.95 USA Flag Mini Garden Flag and Table Topper$9.95 Balloon Design Garden Banner$8.95 Flower Design Welcome Garden Banner$8.95 Welcome American Heart Yard Garden Banner$12.95 Patriotic Heart USA Welcome House Flag$18.95 USA and Bald Eagle Yard Garden Banner$12.95 Please Slow Down Sign Garden Flag and Holder$23.95 Related Items Illinois State Redbirds Mini Teardrop Garden Flag$19.95 Illinois State Redbirds Garden Flag and Holder$23.95 Illinois State Redbirds Wall Hanging$27.95 ISU Redbirds Nation Flag$29.95 Illinois State Redbirds 4'x6' Flag$54.95 Customers Also Bought Flag & Pennant Accessories Wood Banner Frame for 8"x32" Banners $47.95 Out of Stock Add To Cart


text:
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All material on this site is copyright of the South African Clothing and Textile Workers Union (SACTWU) unless stated otherwise. Copyright is implied irrespective of whether a copyright symbol or a copyright statement is displayed. You are free to reproduce material from the SACTWU website provided that the source is acknowledged.
The permission to reproduce the SACTWU copyright does not extend to any material on this site which may be the property of a third party. Authorisation to reproduce such material must be obtained from the copyright holders concerned.
Every effort has been made to ensure that the information provided on our website is accurate and up to date. If you notice any errors or omissions please let us know as soon as possible and we will correct them. We assume no responsibility for and give no guarantees, undertakings or warranties concerning the accuracy, completeness or up to date nature of the information provided on the website at the time and do not accept any liability whatsover arising from any errors or omissions.
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text:
See the big red sign in the background in that photograph? Here's my picture from the same room:
The guys are RLC and Meade (my 2 husbands).
(And here's my old blog post about 12 Bones. We need to do a summer drive that takes us back down that way again. I'd like to spend a few days in Asheville and eat every meal at 12 Bones.)


text:
Peru Family Journey: Machu Picchu to the Amazon
About Peru
Introduce your family to the wonders of Peru, from the mysteries of the Inca to the amazing creatures of the Amazon. Venture into the colorful swirl of village markets and experience Andean traditions firsthand. Ride a train high into the mountains to explore the "lost" city of Machu Picchu, investigating its ancient ruins. Cap off the trip with a wild Amazon adventure, spying monkeys, sloths, butterflies, and toucans while staying at an eco-lodge nestled in the rainforest.
What's Included
Your Journeys Highlight Moment: Cusco Planetarium, Cusco
Your G for Good Moment: Ccaccaccollo Community and Women's Weaving Co-op visit, Ccaccaccollo
Your G for Good Moment: Parwa Community Restaurant the Sacred Valley, Lamay. Arrival transfer. Sacred Valley tour including Ollantaytambo ruins. Guided tour of Machu Picchu. San Pedro Market visit. Machu Picchu Museum visit. Three-day (2 nts) excursion to an Amazon rainforest lodge. Internal flights. All transport between destinations and to/from included activities.
Venture into mysterious Machu Picchu, exploring Inca ruins and hiking the surrounding slopes in search of stunning views, Visit a women's weaving cooperative and a community-run restaurant to experience Andean culture, Discover the biodiversity of the Peruvian Amazon, exploring rainforest trails, oxbow lakes, and treetop canopies, Learn about the constellations of the Southern Hemisphere while peering through telescopes at the Cusco Planetarium.
Dossier Disclaimer
The information in this trip details document has been compiled with care and is provided in good faith. However it is subject to change, and does not form part of the contract between the client and the operator. The itinerary featured is correct at time of printing. It may differ slightly to the one in the brochure. Occasionally our itineraries change as we make improvements that stem from past travellers, comments and our own research. Sometimes it can be a small change like adding an extra meal along the itinerary. Sometimes the change may result in us altering the tour for the coming year. Ultimately, our goal is to provide you with the most rewarding experience. Please note that our brochure is usually released in November each year. If you have booked from the previous brochure you may find there have been some changes to the itinerary.
VERY IMPORTANT: Please ensure that you print a final copy of your Trip Details to review a couple of days prior to travel, in case there have been changes that affect your plans.
Itinerary Disclaimer
While it is our intention to adhere to the route described below, there is a certain amount of flexibility built into the itinerary and on occasion it may be necessary, or desirable to make alterations. The itinerary is brief, as we never know exactly where our journey will take us. Due to our style of travel and the regions we visit, travel can be unpredictable. The Trip Details document is a general guide to the tour and region and any mention of specific destinations or wildlife is by no means a guarantee that they will be visited or encountered. Aboard expedition trips visits to research stations depend on final permission.
Additionally, any travel times listed are approximations only and subject to vary due to local circumstances.
Itinerary Notes
Prices are based on double occupancy; all other room configurations are on request and cannot be guaranteed. We will accommodate triples/quads whenever possible. Please call for further details.
Family Journeys are designed for groups traveling with children between the ages of 7 and 17. Your group must include a child in order to book, and anyone under the age of 18 must be accompanied by an adult.
Important Notes
All travellers are required to pay the tax on domestic flights in Peru. Foreign travellers are exempt form this, and proving you are indeed a foreign traveller can be done by providing us with your international ticket number (ITN). Travellers who do not submit international ticket numbers at least 30 days prior to Day 1 of their tour will be required to pay the domestic tax on all included flights.
This is a very fast paced itinerary which covers lots of ground. While this is great as it allows us to see a huge amount in the available time, it also means some early starts.
Group Leader Description
All National Geographic Family Journeys with G Adventures group trips are accompanied by two of our group leaders. The aim of the group leader is to take the hassle out of your travels and to help you have the best trip possible. They will provide information on the places you are travelling through, offer suggestions for things to do and see, recommend great local eating venues and introduce you to our local friends. While not being guides in the traditional sense; you can expect them to have a broad general knowledge of the countries visited on the trip, including historical, cultural, religious and social aspects. We also use local guides where we think more specific knowledge will add to the enjoyment of the places we are visiting- we think it's the best of both worlds.
Group Size Notes
Meals Included
9 breakfasts, 4 lunches, 3 dinners
Eating is a big part of traveling and we encourage you to experience the vast array of wonderful food that is available out in the world. Its important to remember, that food may be different from what you are used to at home and that some things may not be available in other countries.
Some meals are included in the trip price, while others are not, to allow flexibility and choice to you and your family. For non-included meals our CEOs will still make arrangements for the group to eat together, which allows you to taste a larger variety of dishes and enjoy each other's company. There is no obligation to do this though. For all trips please refer to the meals included and budget information for included meals and approximate budget (per person) for meals not included.
Throughout this trip, breakfast is included daily (ranging from continental to buffet depending on the trip). Drinking water is available throughout (don't forget your refillable water bottle as you will have access to either filtered water from hotels or as made available by the CEO). Healthy, local snacks will also be available.
Note that any special meal requirements or dietary restrictions need to be specified at time of booking.
Private van, plane, train, boat
Local Flights
All local flights are included in the cost of your tour unless otherwise noted. It is important that we have your passport information at the time of booking in order to process these tickets. Internal flight tickets are issued locally and will be given to you prior to the flight departure.
Solo Travellers
We believe solo travellers should not have to pay more to travel so our group trips are designed for shared accommodation and do not involve a single supplement. Odd number adult travellers in your family will be paired in twin accommodation with another adult traveller of the same sex for the duration of the trip.
Hotels (8 nts), Amazon Lodge (2 nts)
My Own Room
Please note that if you have booked the "My Own Room" option for this tour, you will receive your own single room for all night stops
About Accommodation
Rooming is based on double occupancy (2 passengers per room); all other room configurations are on request and cannot be guaranteed. We will try to accommodate triples/quad requests whenever possible and it's important to note that rooming configuration can change from city-to-city.
Please remember that hotel/lodge standards can be different from what you are used to in your home country, which is part of the appeal of adventure travel.
Joining Hotel
For details of your joining hotel please refer to your tour voucher, G Account, the G Adventures App or contact your travel agent.
Joining Instructions
An arrival transfer is included when you arrive on Day 1, or if you arrive up to three days prior provided that you have booked your pre-accommodation through National Geographic Journeys in our joining hotel. Due to customer experience and quality considerations, all services related to the tour must be continuous.
Our driver will be waiting for you with a National Geographic Journeys sign with your name on it, and they will be waiting for you outside the luggage hall. There most likely will be many signs, so please check carefully for your name.
FINDING YOUR TRANSFER – As you walk out of the airport there will be many drivers holding signs with agency or passenger names as well as taxi drivers asking you if you require their services. These are NOT our drivers and you should not accept their services. Please wait for our designated transfer person with a National Geographic Journeys sign board.
Please note that Day 1 is an arrival day and no activities have been planned, so you may arrive at any time. Similarly the last day is a departure day in which no activities are planned.
Your CEO will contact you at the hotel on Day 1 and make sure you are settled comfortably. If you arrive late, they will leave you a message detailing what time and where you should meet the next morning. Your CEO will organize a short meeting soon after arrival, during which you will meet other tour participants and receive information about general and specific aspects of the trip.
Arrival Complications
We don't expect any problems, and nor should you, but if for any reason you are unable to commence your trip as scheduled, please refer to the emergency contact details provided in this dossier and contact us as soon as possible. If you have a pre-booked transfer, and you have not made contact with our representative within 30 minutes of clearing customs and immigration, we recommend that you make your own way to the Starting Point hotel, following the Joining Instructions. Please apply to your travel agent on your return for a refund of the transfer cost if this occurs.
Emergency Contact
Should you need to contact us during a situation of dire need, it is best to first call either the G Adventures Local Representative (if one is listed below) or our G Adventures Local Office. If for any reason you do not receive an immediate answer, please leave a detailed message and contact information, so they may return your call and assist you as soon as possible.
If you have purchased an arrival through G Adventures or if an arrival transfer is included in the cost of your tour, please note that:
Your arrival transfer has been arranged based on flight information provided to us. If you are advised of a flight schedule change within 48 hours of your scheduled arrival time, we will do our best to rearrange your arrival transfer however we cannot guarantee this. If your arrival transfer does not arrive within 30 minutes after you have exited the arrivals area please take a taxi to your start point hotel.
G Adventures Office Lima, Peru.
During office hours (Weekdays, 9-6pm Local Time): +51 1 241 1650 or 01 241 1650 (from mobile within Peru) or 241 1650 (from payphone within Peru)
After hours Emergency number: +51 99 758 2712,
If you are unable for any reason to contact our local office, please call the numbers listed below, which will connect you directly with our 24 hour Sales team, who will happily assist you.
Toll-free, North America only: 1 888 800 4100
Calls from UK: 0344 272 0000
Calls from Germany: 0800 365 1000
Calls from Australia: 1 300 796 618
Calls from New Zealand: 0800 333 307
Outside North America, Australia, New Zealand, Germany and the UK: +1 416 260 0999
Finishing Point Instructions
Lima is a great city – should you wish an extra night or two, pre or post tour, please speak to your booking agent.
What to Take
You will be on the move a lot, so our advice is to pack as lightly as possible. Your baggage should be clearly labelled and restricted to one soft compact suitcase, sports bag, or backpack. A daypack is also essential for carrying everyday items. Space is limited on transportation, so there is a limit of one main piece of luggage per person. Porters may not always be available, so be prepared to carry your own bags.
Packing List
• Knee-length socks
• Loose-fitting, light coloured hiking pants
• Loose-fitting, light coloured long-sleeved shirts
• Pack liners to waterproof bags
Cold Weather:
• Long-sleeved shirts or sweater
• Scarf
• Warm gloves
• Warm hat
• Warm layers
• Flight info (required) (Printouts of e-tickets may be required at the border)
• Insurance info (required) (With photocopies)
• Passport (required) (With photocopies)
• Required visas or vaccination certificates (required) (With photocopies)
• Vouchers and pre-departure information (required)
• Binoculars (optional)
• Camera (With extra memory cards and batteries)
• Cash, credit and debit cards
• Day pack (Used for daily excursions or short overnights)
• Ear plugs
• First-aid kit (should contain lip balm with sunscreen, sunscreen, whistle, Aspirin, Ibuprofen, bandaids/plasters, tape, anti-histamines, antibacterial gel/wipes, antiseptic cream, Imodium or similar tablets for mild cases of diarrhea, rehydration powder, water purification tablets or drops, insect repellent, sewing kit, extra prescription drugs you may be taking)
• Flashlight/torch (Headlamps are ideal)
• Fleece top/sweater
• Footwear
• Hat
• Locks for bags
• Long pants/jeans
• Moneybelt
• Outlet adapter
• Personal entertainment (Reading and writing materials, cards, music player, etc.)
• Reusable water bottle
• Shirts/t-shirts
• Sleepwear
• Small travel towel
• Sunglasses
• Toiletries (Preferably biodegradable)
• Watch and alarm clock
• Waterproof backpack cover
• Windproof rain jacket
Warm Weather:
• Sandals/flip-flops
• Shorts/skirts (Longer shorts/skirts are recommended)
• Sun hat/bandana
• Swimwear
Note: Light weight, quick-drying, clothes are advisable; as well as a light waterproof jacket. It is important to pack clothes for warm days and cool evenings. Prepare for hot, rainy and humid conditions in the rainforest; and cooler temperatures in the highlands. Lightweight breathable clothing is recommended and layering is essential.
You will visit various geographies and altitude on this trip, Make sure you have clothing for all conditions.
Laundry facilities are offered by some of our hotels for a charge or ask your CEO where the closest laundromat is. There will be times when you may want to or have to do your own laundry, so we suggest you bring non-polluting/biodegradable soap.
Visas and Entry Requirements
All countries require a valid passport (with a minimum 6 months validity). Contact your local embassy, or consulate for the most up-to-date visa requirements, or see your travel agent.
Spending Money
Every traveller is different and therefore spending money requirements will vary. Some travellers may drink more than others while other travellers like to purchase more souvenirs than most. Please consider your own spending habits when it comes to allowing for drinks, shopping and tipping. Please also remember the following specific recommendations when planning your trip.
Money Exchange
The currency in Peru is the Nuevo Sol (PEN).
Credit cards and debit cards are very useful for cash advances. Visa cards are the most widely accepted cards. While ATMs are widely available, there are no guarantees that your credit or debit cards will actually work in Latin America. Check with your bank.
You should be aware that to purchase products or services on a credit card a fee of 5%-10% usually applies.
Do not rely on credit or debit cards as your only source of money, a combination of US dollar cash and cards is best. Always take more rather than less, as you don't want to spoil the trip by constantly feeling short of funds.
We do not recommend bringing travellers cheques as they are very difficult to change in country.
CURRENCY EXCHANGE TIP: Please be advised that slightly torn notes, notes that have been heavily marked or are faded may be difficult to exchange. It is best to bring notes in fairly good condition, in denominations lower than 100USD (or equivalent).
As currency exchange rates can fluctuate often we ask that you refer to the following website for daily exchange rates: www.xe.com
Emergency Fund
Please also make sure you have access to at least an additional USD $200 (or equivalent) as an 'emergency' fund, to be used when circumstances outside our control (ex. a natural disaster) require a change to our planned route. This is a rare occurrence!
Local tipping is included on this Family trip which covers local guides, drivers and gratuity for included meals. At the end of your trip if you felt your two Chief Experience Officers did an outstanding job, tipping is appreciated. The amount is entirely a personal preference, however as a guideline; however as a guideline; per CEO $3-5 USD per person, per day can be used.
For non-included meals in restaurant, a guideline is 10% of cost of bill.
Optional Activities
Piuray Lagoon
- Kayaking Piuray Lagoon (130PEN per person)
- Stand-up Paddleboarding Piuray Lagoon (130PEN per person)
- Piuray Lake Walk (Free)
- Moray and Maras Salt Mines Excursion (84USD per person)
Aguas Calientes
- Mandor Waterfall Hike (3USD per person)
- Hot Springs Visit (3USD per person)
- Sacsayhuamán Ruins Visit (81USD per person)
- Chocolate Making Workshop (40PEN per person)
Please note inoculations may be required for the country visited. It is your responsibility to consult with your travel doctor for up to date medical travel information well before departure.
You should consult your doctor for up-to-date medical travel information well before departure. We recommend that you carry a First Aid kit and hand sanitizers / antibacterial wipes as well as any personal medical requirements. Please be aware that quite often we are in remote areas and away from medical facilities, and for legal reasons our leaders are prohibited from administering any type of drug including headache tablets, antibiotics, etc. When selecting your trip please carefully read the brochure and itinerary and assess your ability to cope with our style of travel. Please refer to the Physical and Culture Shock ratings for trip specific information. G Adventures reserves the right to exclude any traveller from all or part of a trip without refund if in the reasonable opinion of our CEO they are unable to complete the itinerary without undue risk to themselves and/or the rest of the group.
Please note your Adventure travels to high altitude. This is medically defined as anything over 8,000 feet (2,440 meters). Most people can travel to 8,000 feet with minimal effects. However, everyone reacts to altitude differently and altitude sickness can on set with some people irrespective of fitness and age. For details on how to best prepare and what to do in the unlikely event you are effected on your Adventure, please consult your physician.
Safety and Security
Many national governments provide a regularly updated advice service on safety issues involved with international travel. We recommend that you check your government's advice for their latest travel information before departure. We strongly recommend the use of a neck wallet or money belt while travelling, for the safe keeping of your passport, air tickets, travellers' cheques, cash and other valuable items. Leave your valuable jewelery at home – you won't need it while travelling. Many of the hotels we use have safety deposit boxes, which is the most secure way of storing your valuables. A lock is recommended for securing your luggage. When travelling on a group trip, please note that your group leader has the authority to amend or cancel any part of the trip itinerary if it deemed necessary, due to safety concerns. Your Chief Experience Officer (CEO) will accompany you on all included activities. During your trip you will have some free time to pursue your own interests, relax and take it easy and explore at your leisure. While your CEO will assist you with options available in a given location, please note that any optional activities you undertake are not part of your itinerary, and we offer no representations about the safety of the activity or the standard of the operators running them. Please use your own good judgement when selecting an activity in your free time. Although the cities visited on tour are generally safe during the day, there can be risks to wandering throughout any major city at night. It is our recommendation to stay in small groups and to take taxis to and from restaurants, or during night time excursions.
Water based activities have an element of danger and excitement built into them. We recommend only participating in water based activities when accompanied by a guide(s). We make every reasonable effort to ensure the fun and adventurous element of any water based activities (in countries with varying degrees of operating standards), have a balanced approach to safety. It is our policy not to allow our CEOs to make arrangements on your behalf for water based activities that are not accompanied by guide(s).
Swimming, including snorkeling, is always at your own risk. Read more about travel safety for ways to further enhance your personal safety while traveling.
Trip Specific Safety
Care should be taken when wandering around on your own in central Lima, as some areas can be dangerous and pickpockets are daring.
A Couple of Rules
Illegal drugs will not be tolerated on any trips. Possessing or using drugs not only contravenes the laws of the land but also puts the rest of the group at risk. Smoking marijuana and opium is a part of local culture in some parts of the world but is not acceptable for our travellers. Our philosophy of travel is one of respect towards everyone we encounter, and in particular the local people who make the world the special place it is. The exploitation of prostitutes is completely contrary to this philosophy. Our group leader has the right to expel any member of the group if drugs are found in their possession or if they use prostitutes.
Travel Insurance
Travel insurance is compulsory in order to participate on any of our trips. When travelling on a group trip, you will not be permitted to join the group until evidence of travel insurance has been sighted by your leader, who will take note of your insurance details. When selecting a travel insurance policy we require that at a minimum you are covered for medical expenses including emergency evacuation and repatriation. A minimum coverage of USD200,000 is required. G Adventures can provide you with the appropriate coverage. We strongly recommend that the policy also covers personal liability, cancellation, curtailment and loss of luggage and personal effects. Some tours include adventure activities that require extra coverage (e.g. crampon use); please review your itinerary and make sure that you are covered for all included activities. If you have credit card insurance we require proof of purchase of the trip (a receipt of credit card statement) with a credit card in your name. Contact your bank for details of their participating insurer, the level of coverage and emergency contact telephone number.
Planeterra-The G Adventures Foundation
The Planeterra Foundation planeterra.org is a Canadian non-profit organization that helps empower local people to develop their communities, conserve their cultures, and create humane and supportive systems for their endeavours. Planeterra provides capacity building and catalyst grants to get community social enterprises off the ground. These businesses address local challenges by providing benefits for indigenous people, empowering marginalized women, and granting disadvantaged youth access to education, employment, and brighter futures. Planeterra also works to ensure these businesses have a thriving customer base by integrating programs into G Adventures' itineraries globally.
G Adventures is Planeterra's largest corporate donor, covering all operating costs so 100% of your donation will bring opportunity to people in need.
Dollar-a-Day Program
G Adventures' Dollar-a-Day Program provides travellers with the opportunity to give back to the people and places visited on our tours by donating one dollar for every day you are on trip. 100% of these donations go directly to support community development projects worldwide that are implemented by Planeterra.
After your travels, we want to hear from you! Your feedback information is so important to us that we'll give you 5% off the price of your next G Adventures trip if your feedback is completed on-line within 30 days of finishing your trip. Your tour evaluation will be e-mailed to you 24 hours after the conclusion of your trip. If you do not receive the tour evaluation link in the days after your tour has finished, please drop us a line at firstname.lastname@example.com and we will send it on to you.
Our adventure travel e-newsletter is full of travel news, trip information, interesting stories and contests. To avoid missing out on special offers and updates from G Adventures, subscribe at www.gadventures.com/newsletters/
Stay current on how our company invests in our global community through our foundation – Planeterra. Sign up for Planeterra's monthly news to learn more about how to give back and support the people and places we love to visit.
Minimum Age
Minimum age of 7 years for this trip.
International Flights
Check-in times and baggage allowances/restrictions vary by airline and can change at any time. For the most up-to-date information for your flight, please contact your airline. We recommend checking in online in advance to avoid potential delays at the airport.
Day 1 Lima
Arrive in time to meet your fellow travelers for a welcome gathering this evening. Your arrival transfer is included.
Additional Notes:
Note that hot water shortages and power outages can be fairly common in Peru (even in upgraded hotels and private homes). We appreciate your patience and understanding that these occurrences are outside of our control.
There are some very early morning starts on this trip to make the best use of our time and see as much as we can of Peru as we can.
Included Activities:
Arrival Day and Welcome Meeting
Arrival Airport Transfer
Day 2 Lima/Sacred Valley of the Inca (1B, 1L)
Board an early flight to Cusco, the gateway to Peru's Inca heartland. Take in spectacular Andean scenery as we drive north into Urubamba Valley—also known as the Sacred Valley of the Inca. Arrive at Piuray Lake, an azure oasis framed by snowcapped peaks. Enjoy a lakeside lunch and opt to go paddleboarding or kayaking, soaking up the mountain views. Continue to our hotel and settle in before dinner.
Additional Notes:
This trip travels to high altitude, medically defined as anything over 8,000 ft (2,440m).
Included Activities:
Piuray Lake Picnic
Plane (1.00-1.50 hours)
Private Vehicle (1.00 hour(s))
Private Vehicle (1.00 hour(s))
Day 3 Sacred Valley of the Inca (1B, 1L)
Begin the day with a visit to a G Adventures–supported women's weaving cooperative, where we'll observe traditional weaving and dying techniques and meet some of the weavers. Next, test your Spanish skills as you bargain with vendors at the famed Pisac Market—a wonderland of colorful Quechua handicrafts. Break for a farm-to-table lunch at the G Adventures–supported Parwa Community Restaurant, tasting Peruvian dishes while learning how this resident-run restaurant helps fund community projects. In the afternoon, opt to relax at our hotel or visit the Inca ruins of Moray and the salt pans of Maras
Included Activities:
Ccaccaccollo Community and Women's Weaving Co-op visit
Parwa Community Restaurant the Sacred Valley
Private Vehicle (5.00 hour(s))
Day 4 Sacred Valley of the Inca/Aguas Calientes (1B)
Explore the former Inca stronghold of Ollantaytambo, stepping back in time amid ancient terraces, storehouses, and an enormous temple-fortress. Then hop aboard a train for the journey through the Urubamba Valley to the end of the line: Aguas Calientes, a frontier town nestled beneath Machu Picchu. The afternoon is free for optional excursions, including a waterfall hike and a visit to nearby hot springs.
Additional Notes:
The town has several amenities, but is also geographically remote meaning services are sometimes more basic than one would assume. As the only option for travellers visiting Machu Picchu, the development of infrastructure has happened quite quickly, much without proper planning, and the focus on providing quality service may not be up to the standards experienced in other parts of the country.
Included Activities:
Ollantaytambo Ruins Guided Tour
Private Vehicle (1.00-2.00 hours)
Train (1.50 hour(s))
Day 5 Machu Picchu (1B)
Rise and shine! After a light breakfast, head to Machu Picchu to see the citadel in the early morning light, before the crowds arrive. Spend the morning exploring the ruins with our guides and pondering the mysteries of this "lost" city of the Inca, forgotten at the Spanish conquest and rediscovered in 1911 by Hiram Bingham with support from National Geographic. Enjoy free time to explore on your own. This afternoon, return by train to Ollantaytambo and transfer to Cusco.
Included Activities:
Machu Picchu Guided Tour
Local bus (0.25 hour(s))
Train (2.00-3.00 hours, 118km)
Private Vehicle (2.00-2.50 hours, 95km)
Day 6 Cusco (1B)
Set out to explore the beautiful streets and plazas of Cusco, once lavishly adorned with Inca gold that was stolen by the Spanish during the conquest. Visit the sprawling San Pedro Market, where you'll find everything from pickled snakes to savory tamales, and visit the Machu Picchu Museum to see an array of Inca artifacts that were discovered at Machu Picchu. Later, enjoy a star-filled evening at the Cusco Planetarium, learning about the importance of astronomy to the ancient Inca and peering at the glittering night sky through high-powered telescopes.
Included Activities:
Cusco City Tour
Machu Picchu Museum Visit
Cusco Planetarium
Day 7 Cusco/Tambopata National Reserve (1B, 1L, 1D)
En route, spot bird species typical of the local river and forest edge. The Tambopata Rainforest area holds the world record for the most bird sightings in one area.
Local community members make up the majority of lodge staff, including multilingual naturalist guides. Take the opportunity to learn about the area's rich flora and fauna and locals' extensive use of medicinal plants and other forest plant resources.
The lodge itself combines local architectural style and materials with low-impact, eco-friendly technology. Rooms are simple but comfortable, with mosquito netting for individual beds, flush toilets, and showers (with solar-heated hot water). Please bring a small battery powered lantern or flashlight.
Additional Notes:
After a brief stop in town to store large luggage, drive to the pier and travel by covered motorized boat to the jungle lodge. Be prepared to protect yourself from the sun and bugs before you get on the boat. It's quite pleasant with the covered roof and breeze, but you can still get sunburned. It's recommended to wear light long sleeves and trousers on the boat.
Included Activities:
Wildlife-spotting Night Walk
Plane (1.00 hour(s))
Motorized canoe (3.00 hour(s))
Day 8 Tambopata National Reserve (1B, 1L, 1D)
Grab your binoculars and head out with naturalist guides to explore the rainforest's complex ecosystems. Search the forest canopy where colorful toucans, boisterous howler monkeys, and sloths may be spotted. Hike to an oxbow lake, and paddle dugout canoes to glimpse river otters, turtles, and, if we're lucky, an anaconda or two! This evening we'll venture out in a motorized canoe to spot the jungle's elusive nocturnal species. If we're lucky we'll spot caimans, the smaller cousins of alligators, hiding along the muddy banks.
Additional Notes:
Activities in the rainforest are completely weather dependent and can change based on local conditions. Your CEO and local guide will review the daily schedule with you.
Included Activities:
Jungle Excursions
Caiman-Spotting Cruise
Day 9 Tambopata National Reserve/Lima (1B, 1D)
Enjoy a final breakfast at our lodge, then board a motorized canoe and return upriver to Puerto Maldonado. Fly to Lima and check in to our hotel. This evening, celebrate our adventure at the farewell dinner.
Motorized canoe (3.00 hour(s))
Plane (1.50-2.00 hours)
Day 10 Lima (1B)
Depart at any time.
Included Activities:
Departure Day


text:
cadeink necesitaba un nuevo diseño de logotipo y lanzó un concurso de diseño en 99designs.
Un ganador ha sido elegido entre 69 diseños de 21 diseñadores freelance.
Hooded Heroes
"Hooded Heroes" is a community centered online store whereby members of the community submit designs that are displayed for the public to vote. Winning designs will be printed on clothing apparel such as tee-shirts, tops, and hooded sweatshirts to be sold through an online store. The name "Hooded Heroes" was carefully chosen to create images of revered heroes that had passionately won the reverence and respect of fellow designers through the expression of digital art.
Hooded Heroes's target audience will include both inspired graphic designers, and consumers in search of street-wear which is somewhat rare, individualized and creative. Our clients will enjoy partaking in the fun decision making process by voting which design will be printed. They will be excited by innovation, artistic originality, and have in interest in online social networking.
Age group: 16-35 years of age
The logo needs to convey a sense of innovative design for the modern era. There needs to be a perception and tone of funkyness, fun, and excitement. The logo may or may not be abstract. A white background would be preferable. The use of bright colors are a bonus, however not essential. What we are really looking for is an iconic symbol included somewhere in our logo, like Nike, Apple and Adidas. The style must be relatively clean and simple.
Innovation and creativity is the key. Be as artistic and as expressive as you want.
Some logos we like include:
What these designs share in common, is their simplicity, yet the creative and witty design has been effective in leaving a lingering inner smile.
Descubre cómo funciona un concurso de diseño u obtén más información sobre nuestros servicios de diseño de logo.