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Meza Tooting Bec
Time Out says
Tooting Bec tube station; minicab office; launderette; kebab shop. Hang on, though, this kebab shop is crammed with tables and chairs, and some very pleased-with-themselves diners clinking glasses. A tiny Lebanese licensed restaurant, Meza has a kitchen smaller than a Beirut takeaway stall, but manages to turn out a sizeable menu of meze and grilled dishes freshly made to order. Sitting at the bar counter, as we did, you can see why the expression 'open kitchen' was coined – no sprig of flat-leaf parsley can be out of place when you're under this sort of scrutiny. Fortunately, the chefs never put a fuul wrong, from the perfectly crisp-shelled falafels to the aubergine dips seared with the whiff of the charcoal grill. Highlights? Everything. Even the Lebanese wine was enjoyable, and priced keenly at around £15 a bottle. The manager was subdued on our most recent visit, but in the past we've seen him greet every customer like a new best friend, and service is consistently friendly and casual. The only catch with Meza is its popularity; you need to book weeks in advance on a mobile phone number to get a good slot, and table-turning is now the norm.
There is a second branch of Meza just a little more than a mile away. For details and a review, click here.
34 Trinity Road
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Users say (55)
Average User Rating
4.8 / 5
Rating Breakdown
- 5 star:46
- 4 star:7
- 3 star:1
- 2 star:0
- 1 star:1
So delicious. Go for the set menu and try a bit of everything!
Feel so lucky to have this place nearby. Everything is so tasty, I could eat the hoummus and the chicken every day.
The best restaurant around. Beautiful food.
Warm, friendly, authentic like few places in London
Great food, reasonable prices, good atmosphere
Amazing lunch boxes
Micro restaurant with take away possibility, you should have a go if you fancy Lebanese gastronomy!
It's tiny but it's delicious. My bedroom window looks out over the kitchens and the smell of delicious barbecueyness is regularly wafting up in my direction. The only reason I don't go here more is that it's always been cash only and I never have any cash, although this is probably better for my health and bank account, seeing as I have a tendency to order half the menu. Favourites are: moutabal (similar to baba ganoush), grilled kallaj (pitta bread stuffed with halloumi) and farrouj meshwieh (a kind of spatchcocked chicken that I would say is better than Chicken Shop's. I know, right).
Incredible food. Absolute gem and lovely service.
Great food at a great price
What a find. Every time we eat here we wonder, "why haven't they expanded?" and then quickly hope that the won't, because it's our tiny, special place where everyone has to cram the heck in to enjoy great food. They say that some things are small and perfectly formed and this is one of them. The food is exceptional. The atmosphere is too because it's about a shared experience--the hiss on the grill, the smells, the closeness of your fellow diners (don't get me wrong--this isn't some kind of sardine case, but it's crowded in the best of ways), the amazing food. It all adds up to something so much better that just another Lebanese restaurant. A good note to raise is about the staff. The table staff and manager are wonderful. Polite, friendly and accomodating. And those guys slaving over the hot ovens and grills are just amazing. I've worked in restaurants before and never seen such an organised and civil one in my life. Which is good, because they're about three feet from you.
Fantastic fresh food and wonderful friendly service. I love the fact they only serve lebanese wine and beer. Have been there with a couple of friends and with a group, and both were wonderful experiences.
I can't say enough good things about Meza. The food is amazing. Every single dish. And the prices are so cheap. We get a collected order here once a week and it usually comes to about 20 pounds for two of us, but of the most amazing food for that value. It's just great. Excellent food, delicious. If you come in and the tables aren't packed, you're very early!
This place is fantastic! The food is amazing, atmosphere cosy and the people that run it just fabulous. Definitiely my favourite place in Tooting. Have been here three times in two weeks!
Amazing, the best restaurant in Tooting. Lovely people, book early :)
Brilliant! Lovely team. Great ingredients simply cooked and served without fuzz and ripp-off prices. Easy to get a table for lunch but book your diner.
Excellent food and service, completely agree with Carolina's comment below. It's small but cosy - and if the chicken livers happen to be on special, I highly recommend them!
Went last night. Lovely staff, food, atmosphere, everything. Do not hesitate!
Great food, great atmosphere, great prices!
Not only is the food the best I have ever eaten but Meza has the intimacy and customer service that you just cannot find anywhere else in London.
10/10! Its a great place with a great owner. The food is fantastic and it is so fresh! The size gives it a charm and personal touch.
Fresh, delicious, lovingly cooked Lebanese food. The owner made us feel very welcome and seemed to know most of the clientele by name. Tooting is lucky to have this new eaterie and no wonder recommendations have spread like wildfire in the neighbourhood.
Gastro-pilgrims, look no further, 'cause Heaven awaits you in Meza. Enjoy!
As a Lebanese myself, I am proud to say that Meza Tooting is simply the best Lebanese restaurant in London.
Not sure I should be adding to the glowing reviews that Meza rightly receives as I still want to be able to get a table there next time! Fantastic taster menu which combines quality with huge quantity, don't fill up on the delicious flatbread and dips before the skewers arrive!
Not quite sure why this only gets 4 stars from Time Out. I can't think of anywhere better for friendliness, food quality and value. Definitely 6 stars.
So delicious and consistently packed with people. The chargrilled aubergine dip is amazing and the chicken grill is the best I've ever had. I went on a Saturday night and the next day immediatley booked for the next weekend it was that good. YUM!
This place is FANTASTIC. It is tiny but they managed to fit 15 of us on one cosy table for my friend's birthday celebration. The food was fantastic, the chicken was the best I have ever tasted and the staff couldn't have been nicer...go, you will love it...
It was our first visit to the place, and I can't wait to go back. We sat up at the bar overlooking the kitchen, which was great watching the chef at work preparing our food. The food is delicious, the atmosphere friendly, and the prices very reasonable. A great little place!
I've lived in tooting bec for 5 years and this place is easily the nicest place to eat on every level. Since it popped up just over a year ago I have decided never to leave the area. The intimate atmosphere is so welcoming and Hehmad the patron is a legend. I usually take-away because you can't get a table by turning up unless you're really lucky, but on occasion I book to eat in, even though I live round the corner. I've been many many times and each time the food is excellent and the value just incredible. I would recommend asking for a random selection if you're not fussy as you'll get good honest suggestions about quantity and choice. Hehmad keeps some lovely Lebanese wines, which are also excellent value and the beer he sells are also Lebanese and very light and refreshing. I absolutely love this local place and I will be going back again and again...
I cannot rave about this place enough. The staff were so freindly and welcoming and verything that came out of the tiny open plan kitchen was just delicious. We got a bit carried away with our ordering and were told we had ordered too much and received suggestions of what dishes would work best together. Leftoevrs were parcelled up no questions and i am looking forward to tucking in again at lunch. I will be back.
Have eaten here twice - both times the food and service (well hospitality really) was excellent. The sort of place that has unsurprisingly picked up a loyal following from day one.
This wasn't just the best Lebanese food I've ever eaten, but also one of the best restaurants I've ever been in. Small (well, tiny) and family-run, the three guys in the kitchen put out amazing fresh and tasty food. Great value and friendly service and a lovely cozy space to enjoy. Definitely recommend a visit, even if it's miles away from home. Probably wise to reserve a table.
This is one of the best restaurants in London. Besides the food being excellent, it is the fantastically friendly and charming owner and his staff that really makes this little place special. I have been addicted since it first opened and I have seen it grow in popularity ever since. This is definitely a little gem of a local restaurant in South West London.
Fantastic food!
Great little restaurant, lovely food, lovely bloke who runs it and really nice atmosphere. Oh and try the Lebanese wine. Highly recommended.
GREAT place...intimate setting, warm and comfortable surroundings and food prepared with care and expertise. The small staff, from the top down, are all friendly and outgoing. Without a doubt it's one of the most fun and enjoyable restaurants on either side of the river.
An amazing place that feels like my grandmas kitchen. Staff are so humble and welcoming you feel right at home, and the food is so authentic and unbelievably tasty. By far the best place i have been to in London, we now make it a regular feast.
Amazing place. Delicious food and entertaining hosts. It's great to experience a meal where they care so much about what they do.
what a great place - delicious food, served by by the charming owner. Can't find fault with it at all, and the bill is so reasonable!
For me, there are several tick boxes required to make a restaurant a great one. Firstly, obviously, the food needs to be (at least) good and, for me, good value. I am pleased to say that at Meza, the food is superb; delicious and well presented (my Lebanese wife agrees) and consisting of generous amounts, all at extremely competitive prices for this cuisine. Secondly, atmosphere. Although I questioned whether or not a tiny restaurant positioned almost ON a traffic-heavy part of Trinity road could possibly offer intimacy or atmosphere of any kind. I was wrong. Meza put me at ease on all counts. In fact, the only interruption to intimacy, is the fact that SO many people come through the door, hoping for a table. The final tick box is hospitality. The Time Out review itself mentions the appeal of the place due to the charm of the owner and this comment is spot on. He is polite, quiet and calm (even in the face of mounting orders, both in the restaurant and take away orders over the 'phone) and, no matter how busy, always finds time for conversation. He is so friendly that you WANT him to do well, you WANT him to succeed, and it feels good to eat and drink there knowing you are helping (in some small part), his foray into the restaurant owning business. The fact that it's the most local Lebanese restaurant to our house, just makes it all the more special. If you are familiar with this type of food, make the trip there - you won't be disappointed. If you are new to it and want to try, you couldn't have a tastier introduction. If you're a little unsure as to what to try, mention it - he will be more than happy to bring you a varity of dishes to try, but never over ordering on your behalf. (He often stops us when he thinks we are making pigs of ourselves!) Thanks to the above points, Meza has quickly, and effortlessly, become one of my/our favourite places to eat. I'll see you there!
Fabulous food and decently priced. A great addition to Tooting Bec, will definitely come back!
Food was excellent - very fresh. Service was attentive. We were very happy and will be returning soon.
One of the best Lebanease eatery I have been to. Very pleasant and friendly atmoshpere. Great authenic food. Had a great expereince and the owner is very wonderful and friendly. Can't wait until my wife and I go back. Worth driving 45 mintues.
Great little place - tasty food and a warm welcome - I'll definitely be coming back.
Don't forget to take cash! They don't accept plastic. But I agree with the article, the food was amazing and the host is wonderful.
This place is just incredible... it's the best lebanese I have ever tried!
Glad you are giving the little gem some attention. can I also point out that you can also get their delicious food to takeaway. perfect for a quick stop on the way home.
Snap up exclusive discounts in London
Time Out's handpicked deals — hurry, they won't be around for long...


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FIVB and Rio 2016 collaborate to ensure spectacular Olympic Games
Lausanne, Switzerland, November 19, 2013 – With less than 1,000 days until the next Olympic Games, the International Volleyball Federation and Rio 2016 are fully focused on ensuring the beach volleyball and volleyball tournaments are the best yet.
The FIVB hosted Rio 2016 at its headquarters in Lausanne on Tuesday to discuss the latest updates for the 2016 Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro, to ensure both athletes and fans have a great experience.
The meeting included Rio 2016's Executive Director of Sport and Paralympic Integration, Agberto Guimarães, Executive Director of Sport and Paralympic Integration Rodrigo Garcia, Head of Sport Competition Katy Dunnet, Head of Sport Policies and Operations Christy Nicolay, and Head of Sport Presentation, along with FIVB General Director Carlos Luiz Martins, FIVB Sports Events Director Gabrielle van Zweiten, FIVB Beach Volleyball Events Director Angelo Squeo, and other department directors.
In September, the FIVB made their first inspection of the volleyball and beach volleyball sites in Rio de Janeiro. The inspection included a look at the Maracanãzinho gymnasium and the Organising Committee headquarters. After the inspection, FIVB first Executive Vice-President Cristóbal Marte expressed his satisfaction and high expectations for the event.
"I'm really satisfied with what I've seen here," Hoffiz said. "The Organising Committee is really well structured and defined, with professionals that understand what they have in their hands. It will allow the event to be organised in the best possible way."
Rio 2016 also recently released the volleyball and beach volleyball pictograms, which will serve as a communication platform for the promotion of the sports, for partner activations, and the Games' visual identity.
The Rio 2016 Olympic Games will run from August 5 to August 21 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Read more about volleyball and beach volleyball at the previous Olympic Games in London


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Wal-Mart Canada confirms 750 layoffs
New management structure in Canadian stores
Wal-Mart Canada has confirmed it laid off hundreds of employees across the country earlier this month in a move to rework its management structure.
The Arkansas-based retailer said it eliminated 750 jobs — which is says represented less than one per cent of staff — after testing a new management structure in select stores.
As part of the changes, Wal-Mart Canada says 1,300 associates were promoted to more senior roles and about 200 store managers were added.
"The new management structure makes more of our associates available during peak shopping periods when our customers need us the most," Walmart spokesman Alex Roberton said in an emailed statement on Monday.
He added that the change "gives our associates greater access to their managers for their ongoing career development."
Wal-Mart entered Canada 20 years ago with the acquisition of 122 Woolco stores and since then the company has more than tripled in size. In 2012, it announced an expansion plan that was valued at $750 million.
This year, the company says it aims to create 7,500 new jobs, mainly through temporary construction and trade positions.
Wal-Mart had 389 stores and more than 95,000 associates as of March.


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8 a.m. thru 5 p.m. EST 305.757.0555
Personalized Lighthouse Decor Sign for your home and yard
Our Welcome Lighthouse Decor sign has your name carved into it! Each Lighthouse sign is hand painted and stained to capture all of the incredible detail of the original wood carving created by artist Al Pisano. The sign measures approximately 21 inches high and 13 inches wide. The yard stake is about 46 inches high. Made in the USA.
These are beautiful handcrafted reproductions of Al Pisano's original carvings and sculptures.Created in the artist's studio, each piece is meticulously hand cast and then hand painted and stained to capture all the incredible detail. We also personalize many of our wall plaques free of charge and these make great gifts. All of our products are Made in the USA by skilled artisans under the supervision of Al Pisano. We offer a money back guarantee. We believe you will enjoy Al's artwork for many years. Call us if you have any questions!


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|This useful auxiliary checks the commandline arguments for two filenames, the input and output file respectively. If either is missing, it is replaced by -, which can be interpreted by the caller as stdin and/or stdout.
The wrapper processXmlWith returns an IO () computation that collects the filenames (or stdin/stdout) to use when reading/writing XML documents. Its CFilter argument is applied to transform the XML document from the input and write it to the output. No DTD is attached to the output.
If the input filename ends with .html or .htm, it is parsed using the error-correcting HTML parser rather than the strict XML parser.
|The wrapper onContent simply applies a given content filter to a document. Ambiguous or empty results raise an error exception.
|Produced by Haddock version 2.6.0


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This app was removed from the App Store.
Koi Pond
iOS iPhone Entertainment
Clear your mind.
Imagine gazing into a pond of crystal clear water.
Picture bright, playful koi swimming through its shallow depths.
So close... Can you touch them?
You run your fingers across the cool surface of the pond.
Water ripples away from your touch.
The koi, disturbed, dart away.
Only to quickly forget and swim close to you once more...
Now imagine all this on your iPhone or iPod touch!
Koi Pond by The Blimp Pilots
- Touch Reactive
- Dynamic Water Simulation
- Virtual Fish
- Display Options
Koi Pond is a proud member of the App Treasures label. For more great indie games visit www.AppTreasures.com
2.0 Enhancements and Features:
- Improved Water Simulation (Now with Refracting Koi!)
- Brighter Pond! (optional setting, ON by default)
- More Distinct Color Options!
- Less intrusive "i" button (It fades over time and will "wake" if you move your finger near it.)
- Feed Your Koi! (Shake to feed!)
- Finger Nibbling! (Hold your finger very still and see what happens...)
- 3d Sound! (Try Koi Pond through your headphones!)
- 4 Layer Ambient Soundtrack (Mix and match sound layers for just the right ambiance.)
- Volume Control Slider
- New Koi! (He's a tancho kohaku!)
- Movable Lily Pads (Touch Drag to move.)
- Help Screen (Press the "?" button that appears in the lower left corner, this also fades over time like the "i" button)
2.1 Enhancements and Features:
- Sharper Graphics
- Multi-Touch Water Ripples
2.2 Enhancements and Features:
- New "Nibble" Vibration Option (default is on)
- Holiday Mode!
From November through December of each year there is a new "Holiday" Button in the upper left of the main screen.
Pressing this button will toggle Holiday Mode on/off.
Holiday Mode contains:
- 2 New Holiday Koi!
- Holly Leaves
- Festive Lights
- Shake for Sleigh Bells while Feeding
- Special Holiday Koi Food
2.3 Enhancements and Features:
- Rain ambient effect. Listen to the pond in the middle of a storm and watch the rain drops disrupt its surface.
- A new koi - he's a Kumonryu.
- A Blimp Pilots newsfeed tab has been added to the options shelf - stay up to date with all the latest Blimp Pilots news!
2.5 Enhancements and Features:
- New Koi! (Tancho Sanke and Gin Matsuba!)
- Sleep timer! Simply select the timer duration, then listen to the relaxing sounds of your koi pond as you drift off to sleep!
- A new selectable tile background theme for your Koi Pond!
What's New
- New Koi! (Tancho Sanke and Gin Matsuba!)
- Sleep timer! Simply select the timer duration, then listen to the relaxing sounds of your koi pond as you drift off to sleep!
- A new selectable tile background theme for your Koi Pond!
148Apps —Koi Pond


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Arizona Targets Obama Birther Controversy with New Law
PHOENIX – Arizona officials have jumped back into the debunked birther controversy over President Barack Obama's birth certificate and his eligibility to hold office, endorsing a proposal that requires presidential candidates to swear that they meet the qualifications of the nation's highest office.
A legislative committee on Wednesday endorsed the proposal and the Arizona secretary of state is expected in the coming days to call for candidates to complete a new form asking eligibility questions, including whether they are natural-born U.S. citizens.
There has been a lot of media attention devoted to this, so we wanted to make sure there is a standardized form.
The widely-disproved notion that the president was born abroad rather than in Hawaii, as state officials have repeatedly confirmed, comes up regularly in Arizona. Most recently, the man known as "America's Toughest Sheriff", Maricopa County Sheriff Joe Arpaio, released a report from a volunteer posse challenging the authenticity of the president's birth certificate.
Arpaio to Obama: Show Me Your Papers
In the past, political parties drafted their own certification documents that Arizona officials say didn't consistently address the issue of qualifications.
"There has been a lot of media attention devoted to this, so we wanted to make sure there is a standardized form," said Matthew Roberts, a spokesman for Arizona Secretary of State Ken Bennett.
It's unclear whether other states require such forms. Attempts by The Associated Press to reach Democratic National Committee officials for comment were not immediately successful.
The controversy over the validity of Obama's birth certificate and eligibility — started by what critics call the "birther movement" — gained steam in Arizona last year when the Legislature passed a bill requiring presidential candidates to prove their citizenship before their names can appear on the state's ballot.
The proposal was vetoed by Republican Gov. Jan Brewer, who called the measure "a bridge too far."
Recently, Arpaio, whose immigration patrols have generated a political firestorm and are the subject of a federal lawsuit, brought new attention to the controversy.
Arpaio this month said an investigation conducted by a volunteer posse revealed probable cause to suspect Obama's birth certificate is a forgery. Days later, it was revealed that Arpaio's lead investigator was selling his report on the investigation as a book.
The controversy has been widely debunked, yet remains alive for some conservatives who maintain that Obama is ineligible to hold the nation's highest office because, they contend, he was born in Kenya, his father's homeland.
Court Bashes Pink Underwear for Arpaio's Inmates
Hawaii officials have regularly verified Obama's citizenship, and the White House released a copy of the president's long-form birth certificate in April in an attempt to quell the issue. Courts also have rebuffed lawsuits over the issue.
The latest legislative effort in Arizona to confront Obama's eligibility would require political parties to file an affidavit swearing under penalty of perjury that their presidential and vice presidential candidates are qualified to hold the positions. It also would let any voter in Arizona file a lawsuit challenging an affidavit.
If it were to get the governor's signature, the requirements of the bill would apply to this year's presidential contest. Brewer spokesman Matthew Benson declined to say whether the governor would sign the bill if it clears the Legislature.
Republican Rep. Carl Seel of Phoenix, the author of last year's vetoed bill and this year's measure, said a similar requirement would apply to all candidates for public office in Arizona and ensure the integrity of all races.
"It's about all candidates and preserving the integrity of our ballot for all candidates," Seel said shortly before the Senate's government reform committee approved his bill on a 4-2 vote.
The bill faces a vote by one more Senate committee. Then, if it's approved by the full Senate, it heads to the state House for consideration.
Democratic Sen. David Lujan of Phoenix, who voted against the bill, rejected Seel's arguments, saying, "It's clear from Rep. Seel's comments in committee that he still wants to challenge the validity of President Obama's birth certificate even though I, and — I believe — the vast majority of Americans, believe the issue is settled."
Based on reporting by the Associated Press.
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Gelatine price increases continue at Rousselot
The announcement follows a previous increase of 4-5% for bovine gelatine in the current quarter, due to a shortage of bones. Porcine gelatine prices, made from pig skin, also increased an average of 2%. The company also increased gelatine prices in the previous quarter by 2-5% across its portfolio, because of ongoing supply and demand imbalance.
"Demand for safe, secure bone gelatine that can cross borders from a regulatory standpoint is very strong," the company said. "Markets increasingly take an interest in this gelatine quality. On top of that bone gelatine is impacted most strongly by its raw material markets. Global prices of soy meal and meat & bone meal have soared upwards to unprecedented levels."
Rousselot said that prices for bone gelatine would increase by at least 10% in the coming quarter, hide gelatine by 3-5% and pig skin gelatine prices would increase at least 7%. The exact price increase would depend on the validity period of the last agreed price, the company said.
Gelatine prices have been under pressure as cattle and pig farmers have been impacted by increasing feed prices, and gelatine manufacturers have seen increasing competition from the bone meal market. New EU-wide animal welfare regulations for pregnant sows are also expected to precipitate an exodus among EU pig farmers, which could also affect prices.
According to English pig farming group BPEX, 5-10% of pig farmers could leave the industry after the new regulations take effect on January 1, 2013. Price increases for pig products will depend on how many leave the industry, it said in a recent report.


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PrivatAir's Business Aviation team has a clear goal: to provide every aspect of service surrounding your specific aviation needs.
If you have an isolated need for a private jet, we arrange aircraft charter. If you have your own aircraft, we offer a complete aircraft management programme to suit every requirement.
If you are looking to purchase or sell an aircraft, we have the experience to assist you all the way.


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ANALYSIS: Russia having second thoughts on nuclear aid to Iranpublished on Thursday, March 15, 2007
Last update - 09:23 15/03/2007
ANALYSIS: Russia having second thoughts on nuclear aid to Iran
By Yossi Melman, Haaretz Correspondent
The crisis between Russia and Iran regarding the construction of the Iranian nuclear plant at Bushehr worsened this week, as the state-owned Russian company building the reactor announced Monday that the plant would not be launched in September and nuclear fuel will not be delivered to the station this month as earlier planned, due the unpaid bills.Further more, Atomstroiexport warned Wednesday that "If the Iranian side doesn't resume funding for the project, the process could become irretrievable," adding that it was having difficulties trying to appease subcontractors who had demanded urgent payments.The company's statement emphasized that as soon as Iran resumes making payments, the nuclear fuel will be delivered. However, American and Israeli experts who are following the developments in Iran believe that there is more to the Russian announcement than a financial dispute, and say it is essentially a strategic decision by Russia that represents a changing diplomatic stance in Russia.
For the past five years, Russia has used various excuses to delay the transfer of low-level enriched uranium to the Bushehr plant. Russia comes up with new technical reasons and explanations for every delay in the fuel transfer and the reactor's construction.This week, Sergei Kiriyenko, Russia's deputy prime minister and the head of its atomic energy agency, said the delay is "not a political step."But there are growing signs that Russia is having second thoughts about its assistance to Iran's nuclear program.During Prime Minister Ehud Olmert's meeting with Russian President Vladimir Putin in Moscow several months ago, Putin admitted during a conversation with the prime minister that there are divisions in the Russian government regarding Iran's true intentions and whether Russia should continue with its assistance.Statements made by U.S. spokesmen also hinted at the change in the Russian position. Twice in the past two weeks have official administration spokesmen praised Russia's stance and the fact that it is delaying the completion of the Bushehr nuclear reactor.On Wednesday, U.S. Deputy Energy Secretary Clay Sell told reporters in Moscow that "the actions taken by the Russian government ... are consistent with our common interests and common concerns as to what's going on in Iran."This assessment is accepted by experts in Israel Defense Forces Military Intelligence and the Foreign Ministry, but is disputed by Mossad researchers, who continue to view Russia as helping Iran gain nuclear technology and know-how.It also appears that Russia no longer presents an obstacle to attempts to approve further United Nations sanctions against Iran, this time including restrictions on trade with the country.
Labels: News update about Iran


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Rangers send RHP Nate Adcock to minors ahead of surgery
SURPRISE, Ariz. — Right-hander Nate Adcock was assigned to minor league camp by the Texas Rangers on Wednesday, a day before he is scheduled for surgery to relieve Thoracic Outlet Syndrome, a condition involving compresses nerves, arteries and veins in his right side.
Adcock was 1-4 with a 3.79 ERA with the Kansas City Royals from 2011-12 and spent last season at Triple-A. He was at big spring training as a non-roster invitee and allowed six runs over 1 2-3 innings in two appearances.
Dr. Greg Pearl is to operate in Dallas.
Texas also optioned right-handers Wilmer Font and Ben Rowen to Triple-A Round Rock and right-hander Lisalverto Bonilla and infielder Luis Sardinas to Double-A Frisco. The Rangers assigned right-hander Armando Rodriguez and infielder Rougned Odor to their minor league camp.


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Journal of the South African Institution of Civil Engineering
On-line version ISSN 2309-8775
Print version ISSN 1021-2019
J. S. Afr. Inst. Civ. Eng. vol.56 n.1 Midrand Jan. 2014
Proposed guideline for modelling water demand by suburb
M L Griffioen; J E van Zyl
This study investigated factors affecting the average domestic water demand of a large number of suburbs in South Africa. Suburbs form an ideal demand grouping since they tend to have similar stand areas, climatic conditions and user characteristics. In addition, since properties within a suburb are close to one another, it may be reasonably assumed that differences in user demands will cancel one another out so that a designer only has to cater for the average demand of the suburb. A database on measured domestic water demands was used to determine the average of the Annual Average Daily Demand (AADD) for a large number of suburbs in South Africa (i.e. the average AADD per suburb), and this data was linked to census and climate data. The combined data set was then subjected to various regression analyses to identify the most important influencing factors. Stand area was found to be the most important influencing factor, validating the approach followed by the current South African design guidelines. However, the current guidelines were found to exclude a large number of measured data points, and thus a new, more comprehensive design envelope is proposed.
Domestic water demand is stochastic in nature, and is influenced by a large number of factors. These factors may be categorised as socio-economic (household size, income, stand area, social status, number of household appliances, social patterns, public and school holidays, tourism and water price), climatic (temperature, rainfall, humidity, time since last rainfall and the number of preceding hot days) and structural (number of users, water metering, plumbing fitting properties, pressure and network capacity) (Van Zyl et al 2008b).
The most basic descriptor of domestic demand is the Average Annual Daily Demand or AADD. When designing or analysing water distribution systems, parameters such as the design peak demand and reservoir capacity are based on the AADD. Thus it is important for engineers to have accurate estimates for the AADD of a system they are working on. The AADD may be estimated from measured demands of similar areas, or from design guidelines.
The South African design guideline for AADD (the "Red Book") provides an upper and lower bound based on stand area (CSIR 2003) as shown in Figure 1. The design engineer estimates the AADD for a particular area between these bounds by taking factors such as climate, income and local conditions into account.
Municipal data management tools have become common in South African municipalities, and this has given researchers access to large amounts of municipal consumer water meter data. A number of previous studies have been done on domestic water consumption based on this data.
Garlipp (1979) investigated a number of parameters influencing water consumption in Pretoria, Bloemfontein, Cape Town, Port Elizabeth and Durban. Parameters influencing the domestic consumption the most were household size, prolonged high temperatures, stand area and income. In 1996 Stephenson and Turner investigated different income users in 14 areas in Gauteng, and concluded that the stand area exerted the most influence on domestic consumption. This study also found that income, population density and the level of service of water supply, as well as the housing type, were parameters influencing the domestic water consumption. Van Vuuren and Van Beek (1997) investigated both domestic and non-domestic water consumption of areas in Pretoria. The study found that high-income households consumed significantly more water than low-income consumers, and that their demands showed higher sensitivities to climatic variations due to large outdoor consumption. The study also found that the South African design guidelines (CSIR 2003) over-estimated domestic water consumption for Pretoria. A study by Van Zyl et al (2003) found that the price of water, water pressure, household income and stand area influenced residential water consumption. The data consisted of residential areas in Gauteng only.
Van Zyl and Geusteyn (2007) performed an extensive study to develop a national water consumption archive for all South African municipalities that had implemented the SWIFT software. A study by Van Zyl et al (2008a) used the archived data to analyse the demands of individual domestic consumers in South Africa. The study found that inland consumers tend to use more water than those in coastal regions. The study also concluded that stand area was the best parameter to use when predicting domestic water demand.
Jacobs et al (2004) proposed a new guideline for domestic water demand estimation by analysing over 580 000 individual domestic users throughout South Africa. Stand area was used as influencing parameter, and the study found the current South African design guideline to be conservative. Husselmann and Van Zyl (2006) investigated the effect of stand area and stand value (as surrogate for income) on water demand for residential stands in Gauteng. The income (stand value) varied a lot, and stand area was found to be most influential. It was found that the South African design guideline underestimates the water demand for stand areas between 300 and 700 m2, and that it overestimates the water demand for stand areas larger than 700 m2. Finally, Jacobs et al (2012) investigated residential water demand in nine service delivery areas in Ekurhuleni. A design guideline for water demand of 10.4 kl/d/ha was proposed after considering the average residential stand area of 70 suburbs in Ekurhuleni.
Studies of individual water demands are useful, but have limited application to the design of water distribution systems, since supply areas are not uniform, but consist of a mix of higher and lower consumption users. It is necessary to include the typical mix of consumers when estimating the AADD, which was done in this study by considering the AADD of suburbs rather than individual consumers.
Suburbs are seen as a suitable unit for analysing AADD, since they tend to group consumers of similar socio-economic conditions and are similar in many parameters, such as stand area, climate and pressure.
Importantly, since consumers in a suburb are close together and share the same pipe network, variations in demand between individual consumers will tend to cancel one another out.
The aim of this study was to analyse the water demand of residential consumption in a large number of suburbs throughout South Africa, in order to determine the most important factors influencing demand and to propose a new design guideline based on these results. The next section describes the data used, linking of consumption data to climatic and socio-economic parameters, and the measures taken to ensure the integrity of the data. This is followed by a regression analysis of the data and the ranking of the parameters that most affect water demand. Finally, the average water demands by suburb are plotted against the average stand area and used as the basis for a new proposed design guideline for AADD.
Municipal water bills are based on consumer water meter readings taken at regular intervals. The past decade has seen significant software developments that now give researchers access to water consumption data held in treasury databases (Jacobs et al 2004). One such tool is SWIFT a software package that has been implemented by a number of municipalities throughout South Africa, including most of the metropolitan municipalities (GLS 2007; Jacobs et al 2012).
The data set used as the basis for this study is the same as that used in two previous studies (Van Zyl et al 2008a; Van Zyl et al under review) on domestic and non-domestic water demand respectively. It includes consumption data of forty-eight municipal treasury databases totalling more than 2.5 million records in four metropolitan areas (Johannesburg, Tshwane, Ekurhuleni and Cape Town) and 151 other towns. The data is described in detail in Van Zyl et al (2008a). Only suburban residential stands were considered, and thus non-domestic and high-density developments, such as blocks of flats, were excluded.
Information on possible factors influencing domestic demand was collected from various sources and linked to the demand data to allow correlations to be analysed. The climatic data, i.e. mean annual precipitation (MAP), mean annual evaporation (MAE) and temperatures, were linked to the water demand data on the basis of municipality, and, where higher resolution was possible, on suburb or group-of-suburbs level. Table 1 shows the factors collected in this study and their sources.
The AADD for each consumer in the database was first determined based on twelve consecutive months' demand values. This means that seasonal demand variations do not influence the values, and errors due to differences in reading dates or erroneous reading would generally be small. The meter readings exclude water supplied from other sources, such as boreholes or grey water, as well as leakage from the distribution system.
To ensure the integrity of the data, three data cleaning phases were implemented. In the first phase, SWIFT adjustment codes (assigned where SWIFT identifies certain anomalies or errors in the data) were used to exclude records with inconsistent readings or dates due to meter replacements or clock-overs, and records with less than 12 consecutive months of data. In addition, records or stands identified as unmetered, vacant, prepaid, duplicate (including more than one type of land use) or non-domestic were excluded. After this phase the database consisted of 1 353 740 records grouped into 1 753 suburbs.
In the second data cleaning phase, stands with unrealistically high or low stand areas/ values were excluded, as described in Table 2. Note that the stand valuations were based on historic values and do not reflect the actual market value of the properties, which is likely to be significantly higher.
After the second phase, the database consisted of 1 218 053 records grouped into 1 497 suburbs.
In the third data cleaning phase, suburbs that could not be linked to census data, or that contained less than 100 consumers, were removed, leaving 744 852 records in 739 suburbs. This data formed the basis for the statistical analysis of water demand by suburb.
Finally, in order to allow a regression analysis to be conducted, suburbs with incomplete data records were removed, leaving 467 026 residential users in 459 suburbs. For each of these suburbs, the following data was available:
■ Location (municipality and suburb)
■ Average AADD
■ Average stand area
■ Average stand value
■ Type of water supply (piped water, borehole, spring, etc)
■ Type of sanitation (sewer line, septic tank, chemical toilet, etc)
■ Type of building
■ Type of area (urban, smallholding, farm, etc)
■ Average income
■ Racial distribution (fractions of consumers that were black, white, Indian, etc)
■ Average number of rooms per house
■ Mean annual precipitation
■ Average maximum daily temperature
■ Average minimum daily temperature
■ Mean annual evaporation
The demand data resulting from the third cleaning phase was analysed to determine the characteristics of domestic water demand in South Africa when grouped by suburb. Table 3 summarises the main statistical descriptors for both the AADD per property, and AADD per unit area. The latter is important, since outdoor consumption is strongly linked to stand area and forms an important component of domestic consumption.
The cumulative distribution of the AADD by suburb is shown in Figure 2. The average AADD is 1 100 ℓ/property/day, which is reasonably close to the median value of 1 000 ℓ/property per day. The AADD data shows a large variation with a coefficient of variation of 55% and ranging between 200 and 3 800 ℓ/property/day. The suburbs with the highest AADD were found to be characterised by high-income consumers on large stands, typically larger than 2 000 m2.
Consumption per unit area has an average value of 1.33 L/m2/day and a median value of 1.19. While it has a smaller coefficient of variation (44%) than AADD per property, the AADD per unit area displays a large range of values, varying between a minimum and maximum of 0.12 and 4.42 L/m2/day respectively. Areas with high AADD per unit area were found to be characterised by low-income consumers on stands typically smaller than 500 m2. The cumulative distribution of the AADD per unit area is shown in Figure 3.
To determine the relative importance of different parameters on domestic water demand grouped by suburb, a regression analysis was conducted on the 459 suburbs with complete data records. The regression coefficients found are given in Table 4 ranked by importance of the parameter (or absolute value of the standardised regression coefficients). The results confirm that stand area is the most important explanatory variable for AADD, and thus supports the continued use of stand area as the basis for estimating the AADD.
The regression equation was applied to the individual suburbs in the data set, and the predicted AADDs are compared to the measured values in Figure 4. While the regression equation clearly shows the right trend, it is far from a perfect correlation, with some calculated values containing substantial errors. This observation, combined with the nearly impossible task of accurately estimating all the model parameters listed in Table 4, means that the regression equation is unlikely to find practical application.
Suburbs are residential areas that form part of a city or town, typically consisting of a few hundred properties. A given suburb would typically consist of stands of similar size, service levels and value relative to the city as a whole. In addition, the residents of a suburb tend to be similar in their socio-economic status. A basic premise of this paper is that the water consumption behaviour of users in a given suburb is as close to uniform as it is practically possible. In addition, since consumers in a suburb are physically situated close to one another and share the same pipe network, differences between higher- and lower-demand consumers will be cancelled out locally. As a result, it is only necessary to design for the average and not the highest demand in a suburb.
The average AADDs of 739 suburbs throughout South Africa are plotted against their respective average stand areas in Figure 5, also showing the current South African design envelope. The figure shows that many of the measured data points fall outside the current guideline - 4.5% fall above the upper line and 34% below the lower line of the guideline envelope. Thus it is clear that the current guideline should be updated to reflect the true distribution of AADD found in the field.
New proposed envelope curves for the design of domestic AADD were developed based on the data. Since the data shows a very large range, envelope curves that include all points would be too wide to make practical sense. An optimisation approach was therefore followed to find envelope lines that would best trade off the following two competing objectives:
1. Minimising the number of data points falling outside the envelope curves.
2. Minimising the sum of the differences between the envelope line and the data points. An envelope line will achieve this objective best by following the shape of the data as closely as possible.
An objective function was developed by first weighting and then adding the results of these two measures. The envelope lines were adjusted to include more or less of the extreme points by modifying the relative weights of the two objectives.
Different line types were tried for the envelope, and linear lines were eventually found to describe the most inclusive and consistent envelope. In addition, a trend line (the blue line) was fitted to all the data included in the envelope. The trend and proposed upper (purple) and lower envelope (red) lines are shown with the data in Figure 6.
Visual inspection of the upper line indicated that a lower upper line (the grey line, also called the alternative upper line) can be applied without changing the operation of the new design guideline by much. This upper boundary includes 96.6% of the points between the upper (purple) and lower (red) lines and narrows down the design guideline to a more user-friendly design tool.
Designers should use local factors such as climate, income and population density to determine an appropriate design AADD between the lower and upper envelope curves. It should also be noted that the measured AADD values per suburb tend to be closer to the mean value trend line for larger stands.
The equations for the trend and upper and lower envelope lines are given by the following equations:
where AADD is the annual average daily demand per property in kℓ/property/day and A is the stand area in m2.
Finally, it is necessary to analyse the points that fall outside the proposed envelope curve to identify the types of properties that are not included in the proposed design envelope. Suburbs for which the AADD is underestimated are most critical, since this may lead to design failure. An analysis of these suburbs identified two categories:
■ Very high-income consumers, mostly in gated developments, such as Kyalami Estate, Benmore Gardens and Dainfern in Johannesburg.
■ Suburbs surrounding Hillbrow in Johannesburg, which is one of the highest population density areas in the country. These suburbs originally developed as higher-income residential areas, and thus consist of relatively large houses. It is suspected that these areas have a much higher population density than similarly sized suburbs, due to their proximity to Hillbrow, and that houses are shared by several families. Suburbs included in this category are Troyeville, Yeoville, Bellevue East and Berea.
A third category is introduced by the inclusion of the 96.6% boundary line (grey line). The areas that fall between the original upper boundary and the 96.6% boundary include:
■ Two areas in Breede Valley, i.e. Langerug, Van Riebeeck/Panorama.
■ Four areas in northern Johannesburg, i.e. Parkview, Maroeladal, Mayfair, Newclare.
■ Six areas in eastern Johannesburg, i.e. Fourways, Parktown North, Parkwood, Bruma, Sydenham, Malvern.
■ One area in southern Johannesburg, i.e. La Rochelle.
■ One area in Ekurhuleni (Germiston), i.e. Ncala.
■ One area in Tshwane, i.e. Wapadrand. Suburbs with demand falling below the lower envelope are less critical since this will not lead to design failure, although the system may be overdesigned. Three categories of suburbs were identified:
■ Suburbs with a high concentration of coastal holiday homes. These suburbs are only fully occupied over peak holiday periods and thus would have AADDs significantly lower than similar suburbs elsewhere. The suburbs identified in this category include Keurboomstrand, Natures Valley, Kwanokuthula, New Horizon and Kayser's Beach.
■ Small and lower-density rural settlements in semi-desert areas, including Napier, Friemersheim, Albertinia (in Langeberg) and Myddleton (near Caledon).
■ Certain small holdings such as Riversdale and Henley on Klip.
This study analysed residential water demand based on the premise that a suburb provides the best basis for analysing AADD. Not only are stands in a suburb of similar size and users of similar socio-economic status, but variations in demands cancel one another out due to the close proximity of the users to one another.
An analysis of the average AADD of 739 suburbs spread throughout South Africa showed that the average AADD is 1 100 ℓ/property/day, but a large range of AADDs was observed.
A regression analysis of the AADDs of 340 suburbs resulted in an equation to predict the AADD of a suburb based on various stand, climatic and socio-economic parameters. However, this equation produces significant errors for some suburbs, and is too complex to have practical application. Significantly, the regression analysis showed that the stand area is the most important descriptive parameter of AADD.
Finally, the average AADDs of 739 suburbs were plotted against their average stand area, showing that the current guidelines do not provide a suitable description of the range of AADDs for design purposes. A new envelope curve is proposed that includes the vast majority of suburbs. Suburbs with consumption above the upper envelope curve include very high-income gated communities and specific high-density suburbs bordering Hillbrow in Johannesburg. Suburbs with AADDs below the lower envelope curve consist mainly of holiday destinations and certain low-income rural settlements.
CSIR (Council for Scientific and Industrial Research) 2003. Guidelines for human settlement planning and design (revised "Red Book"), Chapter 9. Pretoria: CSIR, Report compiled under the patronage of the Department of Housing. [ Links ]
Garlipp, K D C O 1979. Water consumption patterns in urban areas. MSc dissertation, Pretoria: University of Pretoria. [ Links ]
GLS (General Logistics Systems) 2007 Swift. Available at: www.gls.co.za/Gls/pages/swift/overview.html (accessed 27 September 2007). [ Links ]
Husselmann, M L & Van Zyl, J E 2006. Effect of stand area and income on residential water demand. Journal of the South African Institution of Civil Engineering, 48(3):12-16. [ Links ]
Jacobs, H E, Geustyn, L C, Loubser, B F & Van der Merwe, B 2004. Estimating residential water demand in southern Africa. Journal of the South African Institution of Civil Engineering, 46(4):2-13. [ Links ]
Jacobs, H E, Sinske, S A & Scheepers, H M 2012. Effect of land area on average annual suburban water demand. Journal of Urban Water (submitted for publication). [ Links ]
Midgley, D C, Pitman, W V & Middleton B J 1994. Surface water resources of South Africa. WRC Report No 298/1/94, Pretoria, South Africa: Water Research Commission. [ Links ]
Stephenson, D & Turner, K 1996. Water demand patterns in Gauteng. IMIESA (Journal of the Institute of Municipal Engineering of South Africa), 21(1):11-16. [ Links ]
Van Vuuren, S J & Van Beek, J C 1997. Her-evaluering van die bestaande riglyne vir stedelike en industriële watervoorsiening gebaseer op gemete waterverbruike. Fase 1: Pretoria voorsieningsgebied. Pretoria: Water Research Commission, WRC Report No 705/1/97. [ Links ]
Van Zyl, H J, Ilemobade, A A & Van Zyl, J E 2008a. An improved area-based guideline for domestic water demand estimation in South Africa. Water SA, 34(3):381-391. [ Links ]
Van Zyl, J E & Geustyn, L C 2007. Development of a National Water Consumption Archive. Pretoria: Water Research Commission, WRC Report No 1605/1/07. [ Links ]
Van Zyl, J E, Haarhoff, J & Husselman, M L 2003. Potential application of end-use demand modelling in South Africa. Journal of the South African Institution of Civil Engineering, 45(2):9-19. [ Links ]
Van Zyl, J E, Piller, O & Legat, Y 2008b. Sizing municipal storage tanks based on reliability criteria. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 134(6):548-555. [ Links ]
Contact details:
Mari Etjie Griffioen
SCIP Engineering Group (Pty) Ltd
PO Box 48550
Roosevelt Park
South Africa
E: email@example.com
Contact details:
Kobus Van Zyl
Department of Civil Engineering
University of Cape Town
South Africa
E: firstname.lastname@example.com
MARI ETJIE GRIFFIOEN Pr Eng completed her Master's Degree in Civil Engineering at the Rand Afrikaans University (now University of Johannesburg) in 2004. She served as a lecturer at this same institution until recently. She is a member of the South African Institution of Civil Engineering (SAICE) and of the International Water Association (IWA). She was part of the organising committee of the Water Distribution System Analysis (WDSA) Conference, held in the Kruger National Park in 1998. In 2003 she was awarded the prize for the best paper in the Journal of the South African Institution of Civil Engineering. Her research fields include water distribution, green buildings, grey water and rainwater harvesting.
PROF KOBUS VAN ZYL Pr Eng holds Bachelor and Master's degrees In Civil Engineering, and a Diploma In Scientific Computing from the Rand Afrikaans University. He obtained a PhD In Civil Engineering from the University of Exeter In 2001. He Is a member of the South African Institution of Civil Engineering (SAICE), the International Water Association (IWA) and the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), and he is also a Fellow of the Water Institute of Southern Africa (WISA). He was chair of the Department of Civil Engineering Science at the University of Johannesburg from 2005 to 2007, and held the Rand Water Chair in Water Utilisation at the same institution. In 1998 he chaired the 10th Water Distribution System Analysis (WDSA) Conference, held in the Kruger National Park. He has twice been awarded the best paper prize in the Journal of the South African Institution of Civil Engineering. He is an Associate Editor of the Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, and a member of the Editorial Board of the Urban Water Journal. His research focuses on water distribution systems, and his current interests include hydraulic modelling, water losses, stochastic analysis and water demand management.


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Into the the number of the on-page ads are service other tube sites (which is entirely expedient if you dearth to receive the fuck away from the incest bullshit), and the additional ticket pop-ups were again pages that were unfit to care in for mode. I'm not sure-fire literally what this means, but if I can't perceive the ad, I'm happy. A synopsize Get to Proceeding advance You Receive Isolated to Fappin' To be moral I am point turned unpropitious through the potentially criminal cheer to be institute on Video-One. It's a diffidence too, because Video-One has so much covert to be a gigantic porn situate with a shit ton of satisfaction to pick from. Equivalent if they removed all of their potentially illicit videos, they would restful enjoy a titanic archive to explore. All of us porn addicts desideratum to transpire together and impartial stomp this courteous of shit evasion of our community. Vexillum shit that looks sketchy. If you can. 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Grades, transcripts, records and privacy
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Grades and GPA
Grades will post to your academic record after your instructor enters them in Pathway and after the term is over. After the term is over, grades post to student records once per day (not immediately after the instructor enters them). You can view your grades in Pathway as soon as they are posted. Grades that appear in Blackboard are not official.
- Grade Point Average (GPA): Students' UMKC grade point average will include all classes taken at any UM System university. There are separate grade point averages for undergraduate, graduate, medicine, dentistry, law and pharmacy programs. The GPA Calculator demonstrates how your GPA is determined based on grades and credit hours.
- Academic probation and ineligibility: Academic status is assessed at the end of every term, whether the student is full time or part time for that term.
- A summer session is considered the same as a semester for the purpose of determining academic actions.
- Students are notified of academic actions via their UMKC e-mail address.
- Once a student is placed on academic probation, they have two semesters to raise their cumulative GPA to the level required (2.0 for undergraduate students, 3.0 for graduate students).
- During those two semesters, the student's term GPA must be at least 2.0 for undergraduate students and 3.0 for graduate students to be allowed to continue. (Note: some academic units may have higher GPA requirements.)
Paths for viewing your grades in Pathway, click here
Special grading situations
Auditing, click here
- A student must obtain the consent of the instructor in order to audit a course. Courses that ordinarily may not be audited are studio courses in art, performance courses in the Department of Communication Studies and laboratory courses in the sciences. A student registered in a course for audit is expected to attend class. Therefore, an auditor may be administratively withdrawn from a course when, in the judgment of the instructor and upon approval by the dean, the attendance record justifies such action.
Change from audit to credit
- Students may change status in a course from audit to credit during the first week of the term provided they have approval of the faculty and academic unit. This change must be initiated in the advising office of the appropriate academic unit and must be completed in the UMKC Registration and Records Office.
Change from credit to audit
- Undergraduate students may change their status in a course from credit to audit any time prior to the end of the fourth week of any fall or spring semester, or prior to the end of the second week of any summer session. This change must be initiated in the advising office and must be completed in the UMKC Registration and Records Office.
- Graduate students may change status in a course from credit to audit any time prior to the final examination period, provided they have the consent of the course instructor and the approval of the faculty adviser.
Credit/No Credit, click here
- Sophomores, juniors and seniors in good standing may elect to take one course per semester on a credit/no credit (CR/NC) basis. The credit/no credit option may not be used for courses in the major or the minor, or for courses taken to fulfill the general degree requirements. Students may not elect this option when they are repeating a course.
- The credit/no credit option must be elected at the time of initial registration for a term and cannot be changed subsequently. A grade of C- or better must be earned to earn credit; D and F grades receive no credit. Grades of CR or NC do not earn grade points and they do not affect the grade point average. Courses elected on this option are subject to regular academic regulations, including course load, withdrawal, etc.
- The credit/no credit option is not available for students pursuing a bachelor of liberal arts degree or for graduate students.
Incomplete grades, click here
- An instructor may assign the grade of I (incomplete) to students who have been unable to complete the work of the course because of illness or serious reasons beyond their control. An incomplete grade is appropriate only when enough work in the course has been completed for students to finish the remaining work without re-enrolling in the course or attending additional classes. The work must be completed within one calendar year or the incomplete grade will automatically lapse to an F. Students should not re-enroll in a class for which they earned an incomplete.
Repeated courses, click here
- When undergraduate students repeat courses, both attempts are automatically calculated in the cumulative GPA.
- Students can request to have only the grade for the final attempt used in calculating their GPA. The course repeat policy will not automatically be applied to a student's GPA. After completing a retaken course, a student must submit a request for GPA adjustment form to his/her academic adviser.
- The recalculation of a student's GPA is reflected only in the calculation of that student's current cumulative GPA and will not retroactively affect calculations for dean's list, graduation and honors, eligibility for financial aid and veterans' benefits and scholarships, athletic eligibility, discounts for insurance, or any other area.
- The GPA recalculation policy is applicable only to undergraduate students who repeat a course in which they earned a D+ or lower and in which academic dishonesty was not involved.
- Students can only replace grades if the original and the repeated course are taken at UMKC. Repeated courses must have been taken by Fall 2007 or later.
- Repeated courses may not be taken on a CR/NC basis.
- Original grades cannot be replaced with a 'W', 'WF', 'I', or 'T.'
- No more than 15 semester hours can be dropped from the calculation of a student's GPA by repeating course work.
- Requests approved for GPA recalculation will prefix the original grade with an 'R.' Transcripts will note that such grades are excluded from GPA calculations.
- Refer to the appropriate school or college section of the undergraduate catalog for information on specific rules for course repeats. Some academic units may have more stringent requirements on course repeats.
- Request for GPA Adjustment form
Repeated courses – graduates
- Whenever students repeat a graduate-credit course, they must submit a course repeat form to the Registration and Records Office no later than the fourth week of the term.
- Students seeking graduate degrees are limited to repeating no more than 20 percent of the credits applicable toward a graduate degree.
- If approved by the school or department or Interdisciplinary Ph.D. supervisory committee, students may repeat a course once to improve their GPA or satisfy the program requirements.
- The second grade received will be used to calculate the GPA that will be used in satisfying degree requirements.
- Forms for Graduate Students
Graduate students taking undergraduate courses, click here
- Courses numbered 300 to 499 are upper division junior- and senior-level courses
and may be taken for graduate credit.
- Graduate students who enroll in such courses have the option of designating them, at the time of enrollment, as being "not for graduate credit." If the student chooses this option, the grade will not be included in the student's graduate GPA and the course may not be included on the graduate or Ph.D. program/plan of study and will not count toward a graduate degree.
- In order for a 300- or 400-level course to be accepted for graduate credit, students will be expected to do supplementary work (additional reading, projects, papers and contact hours with the instructor) and to demonstrate graduate-level competency and achievement in the subject.
- Also, students must take the course for graduate credit and complete it with a grade of B- (2.7) or better.
- The total number of acceptable 300- to 400-level courses to be applied to requirements for a graduate degree may not exceed 40 percent of the total number of courses applied to graduate or non-interdisciplinary doctoral-degree requirements, or one-third of the total number of courses on the approved Interdisciplinary Ph.D. plan of study.
- Courses at the 100-level and 200-level are not available for graduate credit and will not be applied toward the number of hours required for a graduate degree.
Changing your contact information
Name changes, click here
Student can change their official name on file with the University by completing a student information change form and supplying appropriate documentation to the Registration and Records Office.
Acceptable forms of identification include:
- Current driver's license
- Original Social Security cards
- Other identification as approved by the Registration and Records Office
Address and telephone number changes, click here
Students can change their official addresses and telephone numbers that are on file with UMKC through two methods:
Method A
- Log on to Pathway
- Click on Self Service
- Click on Campus Personal Information
- Click on Addresses
Method B
- Log on to Pathway
- Click on Self Service
- Click on Campus Personal Information
- Click on Phone Numbers
Note: Cell phone, text and pager numbers can be provided through the Emergency Mass Notification system.
- Log on to Pathway
- Click on Emergency Mass Notification
Completing a student information change form
- Navigate to the Forms page on this Web site
- Click on the Student forms section and scroll down to the "Student Name, Address, Phone, E-mail, Social Security Number Change" form
- Fill out the form
- Sign the form
- Fax or mail to the Registration and Records Office
E-mail changes, click here
The UMKC e-mail address is considered the official form of communication and cannot be changed.
When you applied for Admission, you provided a secondary e-mail address. This will not be used while you are a student at UMKC, but may be used in emergency situations if we are unable to reach you via other methods. To update this e-mail address, complete the student information change form:
- Navigate to the Forms page on this Web site
- Click on the Student forms section and scroll down to the "Student Name, Address, Phone, E-mail, Social Security Number Change" form
- Fill out the form
- Sign the form
- Fax or mail to the Registration and Records Office
Social security number corrections/changes, click here
Student can change their Social Security number on file with the University by completing a student information change form and providing their original Social Security card for verification to the Registration and Records Office. Unless a student is receiving federal financial aid, the social security number is not a required part of the student's academic record.
European Union's General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)
European Union's General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) affords individuals certain rights as to how their data is used and processed, and may give them rights to access, correct, or delete their data.
University of Missouri System Policy for Personal Information of Applicants and Students Covered by the GDPR
Privacy: Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA)
UMKC conforms to federal regulations known as the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act, or FERPA. The purpose of FERPA is to provide rights to students and their families with regard to access and privacy of academic records. FERPA guarantees students at the postsecondary level the right to inspect and view their academic records. It also prohibits UMKC from releasing information from a student's record to any third party unless the student authorizes the release.


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Go through time and space revisiting beloved levels from Sonic the Hedgehog all the way to Sonic Colors remastered in stunning HD graphics as either Modern Sonic or Classic Sonic to defeat the evil machinations of the Time Eater and save the world once again!
Only registered members can share their thoughts. So come on! Join the community today (totally free - or sign in with your social account on the right) and join in the conversation.


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'Intellectual Bulwark' Of Austerity Economics Collapses Because Of Three Major Errors
from the getting-it-wrong dept
Amongst economists and those who draw on their thinking, the names Reinhart and Rogoff are well known for work published under the title "Growth in a Time of Debt," which sought to establish the relationship between public debt and GDP growth. The key result, that median growth rates for countries with public debt over 90% of GDP are about one percent lower than otherwise, and that the mean growth rate is much lower still, has been cited many times, and invoked frequently to justify austerity economics -- the idea being that if the public debt is not reduced, growth is likely to suffer badly.
Given the economic, political and social importance of that finding, many have tried to reproduce it, but failed. A post by Mike Konczal on The Next New Deal blog explains how three researchers finally succeeded -- with surprising consequences:
In a new paper, "Does High Public Debt Consistently Stifle Economic Growth? A Critique of Reinhart and Rogoff," Thomas Herndon, Michael Ash, and Robert Pollin of the University of Massachusetts, Amherst successfully replicate the results. After trying to replicate the Reinhart-Rogoff results and failing, they reached out to Reinhart and Rogoff and they were willing to share their data spreadsheet. This allowed Herndon et al. to see how how Reinhart and Rogoff's data was constructed.
In his post, Konczal goes on to give a good explanation of just what went wrong. Correcting those three major errors produces the following result:
They find that three main issues stand out. First, Reinhart and Rogoff selectively exclude years of high debt and average growth. Second, they use a debatable method to weight the countries. Third, there also appears to be a coding error that excludes high-debt and average-growth countries. All three bias in favor of their result, and without them you don't get their controversial result.
So what do Herndon-Ash-Pollin conclude? They find "the average real GDP growth rate for countries carrying a public debt-to-GDP ratio of over 90 percent is actually 2.2 percent, not -0.1 percent as [Reinhart-Rogoff claim]." [UPDATE: To clarify, they find 2.2 percent if they include all the years, weigh by number of years, and avoid the Excel error.] Going further into the data, they are unable to find a breakpoint where growth falls quickly and significantly.
That is, not only is there no significant difference between countries whose public debt-to-GDP ratio is over 90%, and those with much lower values, there is apparently no critical number above which growth falls catastrophically. Put another way, from the corrected research, there does not seem to be any reason why the public debt-to-GDP ratio cannot keep on rising while preserving normal levels of growth.
That clearly runs entirely contrary to the current dogma that public debt must be reduced at all costs in order to keep growth at a healthy level. As the authors of the new paper conclude (pdf):
RR's [Reinhart and Rogoff's] findings have served as an intellectual bulwark in support of austerity politics. The fact that RR's findings are wrong should therefore lead us to reassess the austerity agenda itself in both Europe and the United States.
That debate about public debt reduction and the need for austerity measures certainly won't stop just because a key justification for the approach has been found to be completely wrong. But it's worth noting that alongside the major political ramifications of this new finding, there is another, rather less contentious, conclusion to be drawn.
The three errors in the original work by Reinhart and Rogoff finally came to light when they allowed other researchers to examine their model and the data they employed in it. It then became clear that the model was flawed, and that not all the relevant data had been included in the calculation. Neither was obvious from the result alone.
This reinforces a point we have made before. Alongside the results of their work, academics also need to release the datasets and any mathematical/computational models that they have used to derive them. Without those additional resources, it is not possible for other researchers to reproduce the results, which may -- as turns out to be the case for Reinhart and Rogoff's famous paper -- contain fundamental errors that completely undermine the conclusions drawn from them.
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Filed Under: austerity, economics, errors, policy, reinhard and rogoff