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This post is part of an ongoing discussion between Russell Glasser and Pastor Stephen Feinstein. Here are all the previous posts in the series.
As before, I'll be disabling comments in this post, as it is supposed to be a conversation only between the two of us.
I hope you'll excuse the amount of time it took to complete this post; your last post was about twice as long as the one before it. Also, you appear to be getting frustrated by the conversation, and I think I've identified a significant source of miscommunication between us. It seems to me that your continued efforts to prove God are based on a serious double standard, and in this post I intend to point out where this lies.
Before I get to that though, I'd like to invoke a rule that we discussed before we started. Since I don't intend to continue this conversation indefinitely, I propose that we wrap it up after a total of five rounds. That means after this, you and I will each write two more posts, with the last ones being dedicated to closing statements. Is that acceptable to you? I could see reducing it to one more, or extending it to three, but I really don't want to go much longer than that, so it's your call from there.
With that bit of bookkeeping out of the way, I'll begin.
To start off: you asked me a direct question, and not only will I give a direct answer, but I'll point out why the question itself is a source of miscommunication. You said:
"Russell, there is no point playing games over these issues, so please answer me honestly. Do you or don't you have assumptions that depend on presuppositions?"
Yes, of course I do. I think I've stated that clearly in the past. However, I think a key point which you have been deliberately glossing over in the discussion, is this: Some assumptions, but not all, require presuppositions.
Let me explain what I mean by this. In my previous messages, I've listed three points of basic assumption that I thought we could agree on: 1. Reality exists. 2. We collect information through sensory perception. 3. We use logical inferences to justify believing or not believing things.
Now, when I described these as "assumptions," what I really meant was that they are axiomatic. With your grounding in philosophy, I'm sure you will already be aware that an axiom is defined as "a self-evident truth that requires no proof; a universally accepted principle or rule." I took it for granted that this was also what you understood that I meant by "assumptions," but then I noticed that in saying "…that depend on presuppositions" you meant that the assumptions also require preconditions to be true, which is why you keep repeating the assertion that the existence of logic requires an explanation.
And yet, regardless of what presuppositions you may have, at some point we must reach a position that is simply asserted to be true and requires no explanation. I can demonstrate this very easily by asking you the following question: "How do you justify (or account for) the existence of God?"
Before you answer, let me clarify that I'm not just asking once again, "Why do you believe in God?" I'm asking you to apply your own meaning of "justify," which you've been using in claims like "I, Stephen, am the only one who can justify/account for logic." Your justification invokes a God, so I'm asking you to tell me what your presupposition might be that accounts for God.
Now, ordinarily I'd like to stop and wait for your answer before proceeding, because I don't wish to put words in your mouth. But since I have to respond to your entire message before we get to the next round, I'm going to take a guess at what your answer is going to be to the question "How do you account for God?"
It's something like this: "That's a stupid question." Am I close?
I feel pretty confident that your answer will be along these lines, because it is similar to another line of questioning that I'm sure you are very familiar with, cosmological arguments (whether Kalam or otherwise), which generally run in a similar way:
Theist: "All things [in a stated category] have a cause. The first cause is God."
Atheist: "What caused God?"
Theist: "Stupid question. God is not in that category."
This is why the magic tiara comparison is completely apt. As long as you can invoke an entity which doesn't obey the rules you describe, you can claim to have come up with a plausible (to you) solution to the problem that you claim needs addressing. The selection of a God to fulfill that role is completely arbitrary. The magic tiara has always existed; it sits outside the universe; its one and only function is to create the laws of logic, and its existence has been irrelevant since then.
Or, if you think talking about a useless stand-in object like a tiara is foolish and a waste of time, you can just accept my proposal that the laws of logic are the axiomatic concepts which need no explanation, and we can proceed from there like sensible people.
Now, I see your objection here; from your last message:
"In philosophical terms, you are guilty of arbitrariness. Arbitrariness is to believe something without any justification whatsoever. Well, you have never observed something come from nothing, so to assume the entire universe happened this way is to be guilty of arbitrariness."
I'll just go ahead and grant this one. Sure, it is totally arbitrary to start from that point. Just like the invention of a God, and the treatment of the God as axiomatic, is arbitrary. Just like the magic tiara is arbitrary. Can we prove that there's no magic tiara? Of course not, because you and I both agree that perfect knowledge is impossible for us.
So at first glance, that appears to make this discussion completely symmetrical: should we accept your arbitrary starting point, or should we accept mine? But here's where I remind you of the thing that you keep saying: Atheism is illogical. Atheism is untenable. Atheism is impossible. Not, "Atheism is based on a set of axioms that are not the same as Stephen Feinstein's, and I don't approve of that."
Which brings me, finally, to your basis for this claim. Throughout your last post, you repeated the claim that atheism implies a random universe. To be precise, a word count shows me that you repeat the words "random" and "randomness" a total of 33 times in your post. Yet I fear that your technique of using the word "random" is subject to the same problems as our miscommunication with the word "assumption": You're taking a single word with multiple meanings, and then acting as if both meanings can be used interchangeably. This is, of course, a classic equivocation fallacy.
Let me just highlight one particular place where you do this, because really, once you've made this fallacy, approximately two thirds of your entire post winds up wandering off into shaky territory based on a connection that you haven't properly made. You state:
"Your fundamental assumption is that the universe is governed by random chance."
Since it is your conclusion that the lack of a God implies "randomness," you seem to be using the word to mean that the universe is undirected. And if this were all you were saying, then I'd certainly be inclined to agree. But you don't mean this, because you immediately go on to say:
"How in the world can randomness account for uniformity? They are antonyms!"
And this is exactly where the bait and switch occurs. "Undirected" is not the antonym of "uniformity." The entire premise for the remainder of your post is that a universe which lacks a god must be a nonuniform universe. An inconsistent universe, a haphazard universe. It must be a universe in which objects sometimes fall down and sometimes fall up, and sometimes molecules spontaneously fly apart and planets wink in and out of existence. A universe where "A" equals "not A," zero equals one, and Genghis Khan was married to a Tyrannosaurus Rex.
Except that you never establish any of this, nor offer a shred of justification for it.
You're the one making the direct claim that "Uniformity exists if and only if God exists," so it's your responsibility to prove it. As matters stand now, this is a nonsensical and unjustified premise, stated for no reason other than that you really want it to be true. I don't see any compelling reason to accept your premise that the existence of consistency depends on the existence of an absolute, trinitarian, universe-ruling God. And if I were to somehow accept that consistency depends on this, we still would be no closer to justifying the claim that this God exists.
That's where the rest of your post falls apart.
This is what you were trying so hard to dismiss — repeatedly — as "smoke and mirrors," and to imply that I'm trying to lay some sort of sneaky trap. On the contrary, Axiomatic Theory of Truth is a well established principle of philosophy. It's dishonest for you to apply this in one direction only, acting as if "God" is a solution to the question of origins while being exempt from the question itself.
Now again, your accusation is that my choice of logical consistency as axiomatic is "arbitrary," and I assert, in turn, that your choice of a God is arbitrary. And so, again, our positions appear to be symmetrical. But this symmetry is an illusion because, as I said in my previous posts, we both ultimately assert and rely on the fact that reality and logic exist, and that some imperfect measure of knowledge is possible. Those things are evident; God is not, except as an injection of special properties intended to solve a problem which it doesn't solve.
Occam's Razor suggests that we ought not to unnecessarily multiply entities. While you claim that I can't prove that there exists an uncaused universe, you can't prove that there exists an uncaused God. Yet we both grant the existence of the universe, and we both conclude that something exists that is uncaused, so the God is the odd one out in this discussion.
Taking that into account, God can't be a necessary conclusion as far as I'm concerned. If you had asked me right from the beginning "Russell, is God a possible conclusion?" I would have said "Sure it is. Just as good an explanation as the magic tiara." But since the outcome of this debate hinges on you proving that your assumption of the existence of God must be preferred over all others, I'm afraid we're just going to have to remain in disagreement.
You say that a Godless universe must necessarily be a universe in which consistency and patterns do not exist. The ball's in your court to demonstrate any reason why this follows.
The ball is also in your court to show how it makes any sense to say that a sentient God could actually "create" the laws of logic at all. Did logic not exist before God spoke it into existence? Is it your hypothesis that there used to be a universe in which A = not A, and then God decided to change it? Could God have decided to make all laws of logic the opposite of what they are now? And if he did, would it logically follow that he did not? Can God perform tasks which are illogical, simultaneously both A and not A, or is he bound by the laws of logic himself? What, in short, does it mean for God to "decide" that the laws of logic are one way and not another?
I'll wrap up by considering the additional assumptions that you asked me to agree to at the end of your post.
"1) You and I are not neutral and we do not interpret evidence neutrally: (otherwise you would not have said God has never been observed for I believe the evidence greatly shows that He has) 2) Epistemology is extremely relevant in addressing our positions and assumptions"
Ah, I see what you did there. If I were objective, then I'd just agree unquestioningly with your statement that God is real. It's a nice try, but I reject your premise again.
While I agree that you and I do not interpret evidence neutrally, that is something of a red herring. You've agreed that there is a real world, and therefore whether we interpret information accurately depends entirely on the degree to which our interpretation corresponds to the real world. What you claimed to be proving is that atheism is in fact impossible, not that atheism is impossible as long as I buy into your framework. You still haven't done this.
"3) If you really believe it is better not to believe something is true without good reasons then you need to also apply that standard to your own brand of atheism."
I certainly do believe that. Which is why as soon as you bring in some credible evidence for God, or some justification, I shall properly evaluate that evidence and discard my atheism. As before I look forward to you doing so.
"To be honest, I don't see me as losing anything in this debate so far. I believe in each post I have interacted with your comments much better than you interacted with mine. Furthermore, in my last response I refused to allow you to box me into any traps where I surrender the philosophical nature of this argument."
Throughout this discussion, you've been obsessing over the notion of "smoke and mirrors" and your fear of being "boxed in" by traps. It seems to me that this insecurity exists because on some level you recognize that your arguments haven't got much substance to them. Presuppositional apologetics appears to be all about unilaterally claiming that logic cannot exist without this entity you've made up (be it a trinity or a tiara). You say that this is so because no one is allowed to believe anything without accounting for it; yet you don't feel like you are responsible for justifying your logic-creating talisman. Either you believe that some claims are axiomatic, in which case you have no reason to search for presuppositions for the existence of logic; or else you believe that everything must be justified, in which case you must justify your god. To claim a universal problem which you then simultaneously deny is universal as it applies to you, seems to me to be a bit hypocritical.
Finally, for the benefit of readers with short attention spans, I'll conclude by summing up my main points in this post:
- Both Stephen and Russell should agree that some concepts are axiomatic, requiring no explanation. For Stephen, the axiom is God. For Russell, reality and logic are axiomatic, and God is a needless insertion.
- Stephen cannot assert that the existence of logic requires justification, unless he also attempts to offer a justification of God. If he believes that this is unnecessary, then he should grant point (1).
- If the assumptions for all parties are arbitrary then Russell should win this debate, since Stephen failed to meet the burden of proof that he implied when stating that atheism is impossible. If the belief in God is merely Stephen's preferred assumption, then it is not necessary, and may be discarded due to Occam's Razor.
- Stephen's claim that a godless universe must be a random universe (where "random" is used to mean "inconsistent," "illogical," or "haphazard," as opposed to merely "undirected") requires justification, otherwise I reject the premise.
- Stephen should justify how a God would go about "creating" the laws of logic, without himself being subject to logic.


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Swathes as big as Los Angeles, some observers say, lie blackened, denuded by an inferno that firefighters' most heroic attempts failed to thwart. I wondered at the wildlife caught in a raging hell they can neither understand nor escape. I still didn't get it and turned my attention to reports of increased violence in Israel, the World Cup and the College World Series.
Then a plane carrying flame retardant crashed in the Arizona fire, killing its crew, and I began to recognize the incredible human cost of this conflagration that at last estimate had consumed more than 300,000 acres. And this morning I got an e-mail from an agricultural reporter, Laura Schneberger, whom I've met only through the Internet, and she brought the scope of the tragedy closer home.
Laura says that unless you can see the fire, not just pictures on television, but up close, where it devours homes in minutes and forces residents of small towns to flee, carrying only what belongings they can haul out, you can't understand the horror of it. Towns will disappear; homes people built, as one observer said, "plank by plank, as a labor of love," will turn to ashes. This is catastrophe.
And people need help.
Laura says folks outside the affected areas can ease some of the burden shouldered by local relief agencies. They need money to help house, feed and clothe people displaced by this fire. She recommends the Arizona Red Cross as a good starting point for donations. The hotline is (602) 336-6681. Also, the Arizona Division of Emergency Management, Fire Information, at (877) 240-9735 or (602) 231-6207 is another good contact to see what's needed.
Check with theSalvation Army (http://www.salvationarmy.usawest.org/, phone 602-267-4100) also, but they suggest that folks call before sending donations.
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Less obvious needs include: pens for pets (Call the Red Cross for more information at 928-333-2632.).
Wouldn't have thought of it, but it seems obvious that firefighters need sun block. Folks in the area should drop it and other items off at the Show Low High School Command Center. Show Low is a small Arizona town in imminent danger of incineration. By the time you read this, the town will either be recovering from a near miss or gone.
Folks need trailers to haul horses (up to 150) and somewhere to keep them. They'll also need rations for both large animals and small pets. They'll need hay, bedding, and possibly veterinary supplies for large animals. Small pets will need food, bedding and hygiene items, too. Drop-off points for donations include: Phoenix Salvation Army, 2707 E. Van Buren, Phoenix, and any popular outfitters store in Arizona.
You can make donations online. Here are some instructions: The website is http://www.bashas.com/groceries.php. You can shop online and use the lists provided by the Red Cross then follow the directions provided.
Other numbers that might be useful include: shelter information in Mesa and Glendale (602) 336-6681 and highway information (928) 537-7633.
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Non-viable non-candidate Sarah Palin announced yesterday that her husband Todd has 'gone rogue' in endorsing Newt Gingrich for President, thus fulfilling her contractual obligation to mention the title of one of her books in every interview she ever does. It's like she knows America By Heart!
Although Palin herself hasn't endorsed anyone, she told Fox Business News that she was proud of her husband (who she is still calling the "First Dude") for publicly endorsing a candidate. She said,
First Dude went rogue. Todd is all about hardhats and steel-toed boots and getting people to work, that's what he represented and worked very hard for as First Gentleman in our state.
If there's any candidate who elicits images of hard hats or steel toed boots, it would definitely be McMansion dwelling career politician Newt Gingrich. Good call, King Snow Machine.
In spite of his role in beginning a chain of events that resulted in the unleashing of Sarah Palin, Todd Palin, Bristol Palin, Levi Johnston, Levi Johnston's sister, and Meghan McCain as a voice of political commentary and analysis, John McCain still insists he has no regrets and that choosing Sarah Palin as his running mate was the best decision he'd ever made.


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We're getting ready for Advent around here, and I love making Advent wreaths with my kids. Last year we made a functional Advent wreath craft with birthday cake candles, and we love those! This year we tried something a little different that's cheaper and easier for little kids.
Craft Supplies Needed to Make these Advent wreaths:
- Pipe Cleaners (1 Green and 2 Yellow per wreath)
- Pony Beads (24 purple and 8 pink per wreath)
- Green tulle (you could substitute ribbon, fabric scraps, or evergreen)
That's it! These are super easy to put together. I wanted to think of something that didn't involve a Styrofoam wreath because that stuff is so expensive! What are they thinking charging those kinds of prices for Styrofoam??? So start by making your green pipe cleaner into a circle, and twisting it together.
Take a yellow pipe cleaner, and cut it in half. Then fold one piece in half again, and pinch it over your green circle. This will be your first "candle".
Take a pony bead, and put it over both ends of the yellow pipe cleaner. Push it down firmly. The force of the beads will hold your candle upright.
Put 7 more pony beads on, so 8 total for each candle.
Push all the beads down firmly, then open the pipe cleaner ends to hold them on.
Then shape the top like a flame on a candle, bring the 2 ends together, and give them a twist.
Repeat until you have an Advent wreath with 3 purple candles, and 1 pink one.
Now add "greenery" around your wreath. We first did this by tying little pieces of tulle all the way around, tu-tu style. To do this, I'd say you need to cut your toulle in pieces about 3 inches long. If they're a little wider, the wreath gets full faster.
We used several shades of touille to do this. You can either get tulle from the fabric section (it's very cheap per yard) or you can get it in rolls in the wedding section of craft stores.
It does take some patience to tie on enough pieces of toulle to make a full wreath, so I decided for my little kids, to give them one long piece of touille and let them wrap it around and around the wreath instead.
This worked very well. When you get all the way around the wreath, just tie or tuck in the ends. It's a very fast alternative to all the tying. You could definitely substitute cheap green garland, evergreen, fabric scraps, green ribbons, or whatever else you can think of for the wreath.
*UPDATE* I have a lot of comments about the candles falling over when making this craft. Pushing the beads down firmly worked for us and held the candles up. I never post crafts that don't work- nothing is posted on this blog before I test it. My best guess is that some pony beads made with bigger holes in the middle, and those won't hold the pipe cleaners upright. My suggestion would be to either hot glue them into place to stand straight up, or even put wads of green clay around the bottom before tying on your tulle. White glue would also work, but then you have to let it dry. I'd probably use hot glue.
Related Articles:
- Advent Wreath Craft for kids with Real Candles!
- Edible Advent Wreath Snack
- Make Pink and Purple Candles for Advent (from cheap, white pillar candles!)
- 6 Ways to Kick off Advent with a Religious Bang!
- Advent Wreath Ideas


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Starting today, PFT unveils its preseason power rankings, revealing two teams per day over the next 16 days. We will count the teams down in reverse order, with an accompanying analysis of each club entering training camp.
We begin with the team voted No. 32 entering 2013 by PFT's editorial staff, and it falls to me to unveil said team. Here goes.
Sorry, Oakland.
That said, in studying the Raiders' depth chart for PFT's preseason preview, I came away wondering if Oakland perhaps had a little more upside than I previously thought. As I noted in the preview, the Raiders' roster has quietly gotten better as the offseason progressed.
Do the Raiders belong at No. 32, or do they merit more respect entering 2013? Cast your vote below. And no, ranking the Raiders No. 33 or lower is not an option.


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A pair of two articles on bundles in higher geometry:
Thomas Nikolaus, Urs Schreiber, Danny Stevenson,
Principal -bundles
( talk handout (6 pages, 8 pages) )
General Theory,
Journal of Homotopy and Related Structures, Volume 10, Issue 4 (2015), pages 749-801 ((DOI) 10.1007/s40062-014-0083-6, arXiv:1207.0248)
Journal of Homotopy and Related Structures, Volume 10, Issue 3 (2015), pages 565-622 ((DOI) 10.1007/s40062-014-0077-4, arXiv:1207.0249)
This is a sub-project in the context of differential cohomology in a cohesive topos.
Abstract. The theory of -principal bundles makes sense in any (∞,1)-topos, such as that of topological or of smooth ∞-groupoids and, more generally, in any slices of these. It provides a geometric model for structured higher nonabelian (sheaf hyper-) cohomology and controls general fiber bundles in terms of associated bundles. For suitable group objects these -principal ∞-bundles reproduce the theory of ordinary principal bundles , of principal 2-bundles , of gerbes and 2-gerbes , of bundle gerbes and bundle 2-gerbes and generalizes them to higher analogs of arbitrary degree. The induced associated ∞-bundles subsume the notion of Giraud's gerbes, Breen's 2-gerbes, Lurie's -gerbes, and generalize these to the notion of nonabelian ∞-gerbes; which are the universal local coefficient bundles for nonabelian twisted cohomology.
We discuss the general abstract theory of principal ∞-bundles, and observe that it is induced directly by the ∞-Giraud axioms that characterize(∞,1)-toposes. A central result is a natural equivalence between principal ∞-bundles and intrinsic nonabelian cocycles, implying the classification of principal -bundles by nonabelian sheaf hyper-cohomology. We observe that the theory of geometric fiber ∞-bundles associated to principal -bundles subsumes a theory of ∞-gerbes and of twisted ∞-bundles, with twists deriving from local coefficient ∞-bundles, which we define, relate to extension of principal -bundles and show to be classified by a corresponding notion of twisted cohomology, identified with the cohomology of a corresponding slice (∞,1)-topos.
Abstract. We discuss two aspects of the presentation of the theory of principal ∞-bundles in an (∞,1)-topos in terms of categories of simplicial (pre)sheaves.
First we show that over a ∞-cohesive site and for a presheaf of simplicial groups which is -acyclic, -principal ∞-bundles over any object in the (∞,1)-topos over are classified by hyper-Cech cohomology with coefficients in . Then we show that over a site with enough points, principal ∞-bundles in the (∞,1)-topos are presented by ordinary simplicial bundles in the sheaf topos that satisfy principality by stalkwise weak equivalences. Finally we discuss explicit details of these presentations for the discrete site (in discrete ∞-groupoids) and the smooth site (in smooth ∞-groupoids, generalizing Lie groupoids and differentiable stacks).
differential cohomology in a cohesive topos
Principal ∞-bundles – models and general theory
Last revised on March 28, 2019 at 00:44:33. See the history of this page for a list of all contributions to it.


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A. Good for you for wanting to make sure that you had a successful learning experience at your internship! Your internship supervisor and your Career Center will probably offer you assessments, but you also want to perform a self-assessment. Here are a few ways to measure the growth of your learning curve:
- Review your goals and expectations as listed in your pre-internship or first-day documents. Check off the ones that you've met. Examine the assignments that you've completed and note the new skills that you've developed. Assess your internship supervisor's final evaluation report and write down the positive comments in terms of your work ethic and attitude.
- Compare your confidence level and self-esteem after the internship as to before your internship. You should not only feel better about yourself but also feel better prepared for your prospective career. You may find that you've gained new knowledge that you can turn into a class paper or use to improve your academic standing. If your school gives grades for an internship and you've earned an A, then you've raised your grade point average, another sign of your success.
- Collect all the items—reports, projects, documents etc.—on which you worked and include them in your portfolio. Write up a paragraph on each, explaining the challenge and how you performed in each instance. You'll be surprised and pleased at what you find.
- Count the number of new contacts made during your internship, ranging from your internship supervisor to other interns and to company personnel in various departments. These people will serve as valuable resources when you start networking for future internships or jobs. You've probably also developed improved relations with your Career Center staff, which will be helpful in reaching career goals.
- Study your resume before and after your internship. You'll find that you now have additional entries to strengthen your resume, including new work experiences and achievements as well as software or technology skills. Be sure to detail your assignments and accomplishments, adding value to your resume. When you've completed all the above self-assessments, you may want to go out and get another internship, inspired to learn even more.


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Cd's mentioned in this thread that I've heard that I like (I like everything I've heard)-
Coldplay: Parachutes
The Strokes--Room on Fire
Linkin Park--Meteora
Johnny Cash - American Recordings I
Jet - Get Born
The Darkness--Permission to Land
Joss Stone Soul Possession:
Norah Jones - Feels Like Home
GOV'T MULE - "Deepest End"
The Vines - Winning Days
Franz Ferdinand
Great stuff yeah!
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Modest Mouse- Good News for People who Love Bad News
Great new cd from this indie rock band. Not as noise-pop as previous releases, this is their most accessible album yet. The vocals are more up front, which I like, and more songs seem complete as compared to what I thought were just ideas for songs on earlier cd's.
Beta Band- Heroes To Zeros
Oh yeah, their best cd, imo. I know old timey fans of theirs like the earlier stuff better but this cd rocks more, has much better vocals, song structure and lyrics. Dig it!
In Blood- Holly Golightly & Billy Childish
This is from 1999 but sooo...I just heard it for the 1st time the other day. Holly & Billy used to be in seperate punk bands but this is record is more folky with a punk attitude I guess. Their duets are fun, meant for fun and there's a great chemistry here.
Mr.Airplane Man- C'Mon DJ
Two females garage punk indie rock blues lo-fi knock your socks off music! Yeah, comparisons to the White Stripes are here but these ladies are great and they get greater on this disc.
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I've heard Beta Band on Virgin Radio UK's Liquid Audio channel. Not bad stuff.
I'm developing an appreciation for MM's "Float On"
Yay..xc brought this thread to page 2!
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Loretta Lynn- Van Lear Rose
Well I wanted to hear what the hype was all about. Jack White produces & plays in the back up band, The Do-Whaters (some members of the Greenhornes are here, too, they're a fantastic garage punk band). Some really good songs here
especially "Portland Oregon". Lynn's voice is strong & her songwriting is pretty good. No strings or annoying background singers which was what I had expected. It's a good as cd as on would expect from any other contemporay country female artist that straddles the line between popular & alternative country, such as Patty Loveless. Plus that backing band & White's production helps a lot.
V/A Lemme Take You to the Beach
Whoah! This a surf instrumental tribute to the music of Frank Zappa. Not a bad track here, this is an excellent tribute. Some of the best of surf instrol's up-n-coming bands are here such as The Bitch Boys, Urban Surf Kings, The Diamondheads, and The Atomic Mosquitos. Lotta great reverb in Zappa's music, who woulda thunk that?
V/A Death Disco
Funk/punk/disco crossover music from the late '70s-early '80s. They're finally starting to reissue this stuff on cd, so here's a cool comp to begin with & remember or hear for the first time some of these great bands. Featured here are Throbbing Gristle, Gang Of 4, Cabaret Voltaire, Human League, Delta 5, The Normal, Lounge Lizards, Brian Eno, XTC and lots more. More rock based than dance but lotsa fun.
|Chief Chesty Forlock
The Stands
If you wish people were still making albums like Blonde On Blonde or Strange Days this is the band for you.
Wearing their 60s and 70s influences on their sleeves The Stands believe in the old adage that there is only one song, people just keep playing it at different speeds. They've slowed the song back down, and it's all the better for their efforts.
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*adds the Stands to cd want list & hopes it has a US release soon*
Hey Smirky, have you heard The Ponys? Garage punk band who I think- not sure though- are from your part of the country? Been tryin' to nab me their debut cd but it's sold out locally & sells out really quick-like.
Last week was surf instrumental week for me. New cd's by Reef Rider, Surfin' Robots , and The Quiets were rotating on my player. Love that reverb stuff!
Hmmm... anyone read Pop Culture Press? Nice little magazine about indie rock and other genres. Always comes with a fun sampler of new
songs. Latest comp features Ani Difranco, Fastball, Trashcan Sinatras, Von Bondies, local Indhickianians the Impossible Shapes and a bunch of other great artists. A fun read with a great listen.
Went retro with James Chance & the Contortions "Last Chance" cd. '80s white funk punk. Cool as all get out if you like that kinda thing.
Ok, I like the new Diana Krall record. Nice little bubblehumgum Elvish Costello pseudo jazz stuff.
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Finally found a copy of The Shakes, a
cool garage band with beats right outta the
'60s. Contains a great cover of "Oops I Did It Again" but done pop-punky.
V/A Sympathetic Sounds of Detroit. I think this came out in '01. Anywho, it's an excellent comp of Detroit based punk-garage-pop bands. The White Stripes have a cool track here I never heard before, "Red Death At 6:14". Plus great tunes by The Come Ons, Detroit Cobras, Soledad Brothers, Clone Deffects, the Paybacks, among others, including The Von Bondies, who'll probably not want to be on the same comp with Jack White ever again heehee.
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I have heard of the Sympathetic sounds of Detroit. I'm all jealous and stuff now, xc.
I attempted to buy Modest Mouse last week, but Best Buy didn't have the CDs in stock. Ah well...there should be at least one more cheap go 'round in the next quarter or so.
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Well maybe you'll find a nice used copy of the Sympathetic Sounds cd like I did. I hope so!
hey Nora, do you buy cd's online? Well,
www.deepdiscountcd.com has a good price on the Modest Mouse and no shipping fees. It's not the fastest shipping but it's a good price.
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Thanks for the link, xc! Hadn't found that site.
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Bought some el cheapo punk cd's at a record store in Indy- Soledad Brothers, The Kaisers, Mondo Topless and a comp called B-Movie Rat. Mondo Topless was really fun humorous punk, I'd only heard a few of their tunes before but now will be looking for more. The B-Movie Rat comp was great, some surf instrols, some Ramones like power punk, some garagey rock punk based on horror movie themes. The Kaisers were more mid-60's Dave Clark 5-ish garage/punk and really rockin'.
Really love the new one from Juliana Hatfield called "In Exile Deo". I hope she gets her due from this one, it's real radio friendly (not that I listen to the radio). She plays a lot round here but I keep missin' seein' her. *pout* Anyhoo, great poppy stuff.
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Hmmm like the new Gomez cd though it's one that took awhile to grow on me.
A disco/soul comp called Uncle Jr.'s Friday Fish Fry is excellent. Lotta rare tracks from the late 70s-early-mid 80s.
Found a used copy of a mid-90s Victoria Williams cd. She's got an odd voice, sort of Rickie Lee Jones gone demented, but i love her songs.
Finally found a copy of "Folklore" from 16 Horsepower. Southern Gothic neo-gospel alternative country rock with heavy on the doom & gloom in the lyrics. Odd that the lead singer kinda sounds like Neil Diamond on a couple tracks. Or maybe my speakers just need a cleaning.
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Yeah Yeah Yeahs- Fever to Tell
Oooh, bout damn time for some chick rock. Karen O has a cool voice.
xc That Victoria Williams album wouldn't be Loose would it? I love Crazy Mary--her version is a hell of a lot cooler than the Pearl Jam cover.
Picked up Modest Mouse's latest. Love Satin in a Coffin ("Are you dead or are you sleeping? God I sure hope you are dead")
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Yep, "Loose" is the one.
I love The Yeah Yeah Yeahs. Great stuff, that. Sometimes Karen O kinda resembles a lost
Ramones sister. Well, to me anyway.
Delta is a psychedelic/garage band from the UK and "Singularity" is their latest cd. It's a compilation from singles they've released & early songs never released before. There's a droney Neil Young-ish quality to it. Definately one of my fave cd's of '04.
4 more days til the new Wilco is released- yeeee haw!
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Recent cd spins-
V/A Best of Rodney on ROQ. Cool 80's punk/new wave rarities. Redd Kross, Circle Jerks, a surf instrol from the Bangles. Yeah some novelty punk filler mid-way through.
V/A Hot Pinball Rock Vol.1 A whole fricken cd about pinball. Bought it for the rare White Stripes song. Gets better with more listens. Best song is the Dirtbombs "Cedar Point '76".
Mr. T Bone A one-off side project of some ska bands (bought it for the Slackers connection). Good old school ska if ya like that stuff like i do.
Felix Da Housecat 2nd cd? anyhoo, the first half is pretty good funk a la Sly & Family Stone. Gets weird later on.
Jay Farrar The live cd. New songs ruled plus the cover of Neil's "Like A Hurricane". heehee
Newest from Jolie Holland. Some kinda connection to the Be Good Tanyas. Jazzy alternative folk singer-songwriter stuff. Really excellent, check 'er out.
V/A Birth of Be-bop Way cool jazz. Why aren't you listening to this right now, hmmm?
Angel Dean & Sue Garner Kinda similiar to Jolie Holland though it has some Dixieland & old timey music flavor to it as well.
Swampgas Sounds too much like Blues Traveller but without any humor.
Mother Tucker's Yellow Duck Yep, that's the band's name. Hippee dippee CSNY-type tunes. Got better as it went along.
The first Popium cd. Not as excellent as their follow-up but a heckuva debut cd. The Beatles meet Cheap Trick. Great stuff.
The Shimshaws Poppy alternative country stuff. Would be good for radiowaves.
At long last- The Ponys Worth it just for "Ten Fingers 11 Toes" but "Chemical Imbalance" is an xc theme song longing for a record. Find this cd now it rocks.
V/A Club Arfica 2 African funk & boogie. OOOOOooooo love that percussion. Fave song- "Funky Cookie" by Exile One.
The newest from Demolition Doll Rods takes awhile to get to like, unlike their '99 album which was instant hard punk rocking classic. Fave songs- "The Thump" & "Hot Pink".
V/A Ave Marina Label sampler of Marina Records. Excellent comp from start to finish. Lite rock, emo, shoegazer, funky jazz pop, alternative pop- stuff that oughta be on US AOR & top 4o radio if US radio had a brain in it's tiny wittle head. Tahiti 80, Sugartown, Kim Fowley ("Young, White & Stupid" is awesome), Article 58, Adventures In Stereo, Roddy Frame, Aluminum Group- 2 cds of great poppy music. Yay!
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Finally listened to the new Wilco cd, "A Ghost is Born". This record is much better (me thinks) than their previous one that got all the hoopla. "Company In My Back" & "Theologians" are my fave songs on here. Just wish they were still having Lolapalooza so i could see these guys live. *pout* The one annoying thing about the cd is that a couple songs end off with a long drone thing, especially one tune that drones on for about 5 minutes! Why why why do bands do this? It's so fricken annoying. Just end the song dammit! I know a lot of bands do this, maybe it's to drag out space on the cd but hello- the best albums ever made are usually 35-45 minutes long with songs that say what they have to say and then end it right fricken there! I think this could be called the "Oasis Factor" as those smug jerks in Oasis could take an otherwise 3 minute song and extend it 5, 6, 7 more minutes just with annoying humming or endless repeating of stoopid words or a moog synthesizer doing stoopid musical doodling.
Don't get me wrong, Wilco's one of my fave bands but they need to get off the drone wagon and remember their roots- Uncle Tupelo- a band who said it in all in simple short songs.
Also got 311's Greatest Hits which was pretty cool. It's a hey-hit-the-highway-roll down-the-window-crank-up-the-ol'-cd-player kinda album. Nice cover of The Cure's "Love Song". Speaking of which, I gotta get that new Cure cd. I needs cured of these summertime blues which have me heading for the newest Johnny Winter cd but that's for the next post I post in here.
|Chief Chesty Forlock
The Wilco album sounds interesting, but I hear ya on the drone factor.
Yeah Yeah Yeahs remind me of Blondie, for some unknown reason. I LOVE their album.
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Listened to the Wilco album the other day through Windows Media Player. Gotta agree with you on the drone thing. That second to last song has that horrible drone effect for over 10 minutes. It took lots of effort not to grind my teeth.
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New stuff xc likes-
Nick Drake's collection of demos & a newly found song. Nick still rules hell yeah.
Antibalas Afro-funk done Fela Kuti style this stuff is sooooo cool. Check out the 12 minute long "Who is this America Dem Speak of Today". Rad!
Phish's pfinal phrecord- phfantastic. Me like "Crowd Control' & "Mess Me" de best. They get better & better then they break up, least til the obligatory reunion in a few years.
The newest from Brian Wilson. Beach-y Boys stuff to the max, if ya like that sorta sound, as i do. Great cd.
A cd of cover tunes by the North Mississippi All-Stars is excellent. Fun bluesy white boy rock n roll. Foghat for the '00s (though their regular cd's are much more brilliant stuffage).
N.E.R.D. oooo i love this neo-modern dancey-soul stuff. Much much better than what i thought it would be. Glad i heard it playing in the record store.
Rachel Yamagata Lawdy i loves hearing this babe sing! "Happenstance" is her first cd & it's excellent all the way through. This is Leona Naess/Fiona Apple style pop/rock though there's some influence from Rickie Lee Jones & a popier Joni Mitchell & Laura Nyro comin' through too. "Letter Read", "1963" and the final "hidden" unnamed track are the best of this all-round great cd. Get it! Now!
Also liked new garagey rock cd's from The Shakes & The 45's.
Also excellent all-the-way thru is the cd by The Killers. Has a cool 80s' sound to it, early U2, maybe some Human League, though with a modern punky ooomph! to it. Killer stuff, get it, now!
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Got the new Dr.John cd and it's pretty good. This is one of those "famous guest singer" kinda albums. BB King, Willie Nelson, Mavis Staples, Cyril Neville all guest sing here but the Doc has such a cool voice why bother with guests? Though i wouldn't mind hearing Leon Russell duet with Dr.John. A few standard songs, some Mac tunes, some instrumentals- recommended for die-hard fans.
The new one from The Hives arrived today in the mail & i just gave it a spin. Not as instantly loveable as their last cd but it's one that i know will grow on me like fungus with more listens. Gotta play this in the car player on a hot day- it's a road record for sure. "Antidote" is a killer tune & "Walk Idiot Walk" oughta be a top ten hit.
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Nuggets- 16 Nuggets of Funk OOOOooo a killer comp of great funk & soul from all over the world. Lotta instrumental tracks here but such a great variety. Best vocal tune is "Mystifying Mama" by Marva Brown, sort of a psychedelic soul song.
The new one from Pollo Del Mar was blaring on the car cd player today. Anyone else like surf instrumental music? Pollo Del Mar is just about the world's best surf instrol band as far as putting out consistantly excellent original surf rock tunes. Surf music i love, surf waves from storms in my basement, no thank you.
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i'm feelin' lonely in this thread.
Recent good stuff-
French pop band Phoenix with a great new cd out called "Alphabetical". Cool summery pop with a twist of lite electronica.
The newest Rev Horton Heat is still good raw rockabilly rock though not as wild as before. But still great not as wild but still good just not as energic all over but still excellent just different but still fantastic but just a wacky calm in places but still highly recommended.
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Poor xc. I haven't had any money to buy any CDs lately. How 'bout I tell you my wish list?
Scissor Sisters With songs like "Laura" "Take Your Mama" and "Tits on the Radio" how can it miss? It already meets my 3 song requirement.
Libertines-Up the Bracket Me want and don't care if Pete Doherty is a dopefiend
there's more, but then I'll get all depressed because I can't get them right now, lol
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Poor Nora! Hey, since you're a lawyer, can't you sue the *boo, hiss* record industry *hiss, boo* for over-pricing cd's & maybe get a truck load of free cd's every month as a settlement? I'd drive there & help unload the truck.
I printed out my short-term cd want list today & it was 3 pages long. Short term cuz i usually only get 'em if i can get 'em used or cheap online. Plus i'm just now buying some '90s music on cd since i can finally find 'em dirt cheap. Used Weezer cd's for a few bucks- ok, a long wait but they sound soooo good being so cheap.
I've been listening to some Sahara Hotnights and I like what I've heard.
Bought the Ravonettes new CD, Chain Gang of Love awhile back. Not bad - a lil too much static noise for my taste.
I wanna buy Nellie McKay's Get Away from Me CD.
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ADEN, Yemen (Reuters) - Unidentified gunmen shot dead an army colonel in his car in Yemen's southern port city of Aden late on Friday and two soldiers were injured when a car bomb exploded in another major southern port on Saturday, security sources said.
The attacks follow dozens of others directed at security targets in the U.S. ally in recent months, killing hundreds. The army is conducting a big operation against Islamist militants in the southern provinces of Shabwa and Abyan.
On Saturday the army seized control of a militant bastion in
the southern area of al-Mahfad, a stronghold for the Islamists, killing four of its defenders and injuring a number of others, a military source was quoted as saying on the state news agency.
Western countries fear further destabilization in Yemen could give more space to al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP), the local branch of the global Islamist militant movement, to plot attacks on international targets.
AQAP and its local ally, Ansar al-Sharia, have been waging an insurgency in southern Yemen for more than three years, battling both government forces and local tribal militias.
Colonel Sanad Badr was shot dead in his car by unknown assailants on a major Aden street late on Friday, a local official said.
Early on Saturday, a car bomb exploded outside an intelligence building in Mukalla, the capital of Hadramout province in the southeast. Two soldiers and at least one passer-by were injured in the blast, a security source said.
Government forces, backed by air force jets and allied militias, have been fighting Islamists in a new offensive in the south since Tuesday.
On Saturday Yemen's state news agency reported that one of those killed in an early stage of the offensive was Abu Islam al-Shaishani, a Chechen fighter with a senior role in AQAP.
(This story is refiled to correct name of Yemeni area, comment by military source)
Reporting by Mohammed Mukhashaf; Writing by Angus McDowall; Editing by Stephen Powell


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The long-awaited intersection improvement at U.S. Highway 331 and Chat Holley Road now is set to begin Jan. 8 and continue through early March.
SANTA ROSA BEACH � The long-awaited intersection improvement at U.S. Highway 331 and Chat Holley Road now is set to begin Jan. 8 and continue through early March.
The final phase of the $3.7 million project to widen and improve Chat Holley had been slated to begin in September, but was delayed because of problems with utility relocation, said Louis Svehla, a spokesman for Walton County.
�It�s a project that�s been a long time coming,� he said. �We understand there have been delays, but we are excited to be able to actually finish the project in the first quarter of 2013.�
Chat Holley will be closed along a less than 1,000-foot stretch west of the U.S. 331 intersection until Feb. 28, according to the county.
The final phase of work will include storm water drainage structures, curb and gutters, new asphalt, and traffic signals and a turn lane at U.S. 331. It should be completed by early March, ahead of the tourist season, Svehla said.
He said the final phase will help improve safety at the intersection, which backs up during rush hour and poses problems for motorists trying to turn north onto U.S. 331.
Walton County commissioners awarded the contract for the entire Chat Holley project to C.W. Roberts Contracting in November 2010. It included widening and paving the entire road, improving the drainage, building two bridges and a multi-use path, and improving the U.S. 331 intersection.
Construction began in January 2011, but was snarled when controversy arose over the County Commission�s purchase of a piece of property for the project from developer Lloyd Blue.
The 0.45 acres were purchased for $345,000 from one of Blue�s companies in September 2010 to build the turn lane at U.S. 331. A year later, questions arose over how Blue got involved early on in the county�s effort to purchase the land, which appears to have led him to buy the property and then quickly resell it to the county in a process that had little oversight from commissioners.
After reviewing the sale, the county discovered that the parcel didn�t include all the property it needed to make the improvements as originally designed. Officials later amended the design plans to avoid having to buy more land.
Next week, the county plans to release more information about the closure, including alternate routes for people who live on Chat Holley or use the road as a cut-through, Svehla said.
Contact Daily News Staff Writer Lauren Sage Reinlie at 850-315-4443 or firstname.lastname@example.com. Follow her on Twitter @LaurenRnwfdn.


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Immune system follows circadian clock
Mice with jet lag have boosted supply of cells linked to inflammation
Courtesy of Xiaofei Yu, Shipra Vaishnava and Yuhao Wang
Jet lag goofs up more than just sleep schedules: Tinkering with the body's clock confuses the immune system too.
In mice, a type of immune cell linked to inflammation depends on daily cycles of light and dark, researchers report in the Nov. 8 Science. The finding could help explain the connection between inflammatory diseases and chronic clock disruptions, such as those experienced by frequent fliers and night shift workers.
"This has implications for all of us," says study author Lora Hooper, an immunologist at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas. "None of us go to sleep when the sun sets or get up when the sun rises." Soaking up artificial light when it's dark outside might predispose people to immune disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease, multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis, she says.
Humans, mice and virtually all


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Browse by Author
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Number of items: 1.
Doctoral Thesis
Kabasakal, Devrim (2009) On the possibility, grounds and limits of international toleration: an analysis on John Rawls and Jurgen Habermas. Tesi di Dottorato, LUISS Guido Carli, Department of Political Science > PhD Program in Political Theory (english language), tutor: Sebastiano Maffettone and Gianfranco Pellegrino and Peter Jones, p. 239. [Doctoral Thesis]


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More Websites to help you pick the best books!
Search not only by four main genres but also by specific elements such as character type, setting, plotline, etc.
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Monthly book reviews distributed nationwide to 2000+ bookstores and libraries
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An Association for Thriller Authors, provides inside information on upcoming conferences and on your favorite thriller authors. It also updates you on the latest releases and provides reviews.
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Provides reviews on current mystery novels and has a 5 to 1 'star' ranking system and violence ratings
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Search for Adult fiction written as part of a series, produced by Kent District Library
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Contains audio and video clips, plus text from modern and classic literature along with author interviews


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26776 Encanto Dr.
Menifee, CA 92585
New 2018 Jayco Jay Flight SLX Western Edition 324BDSW
Pack up your gear and add a few friends to your next trip with this Jayco Jay Flight SLX Western Edition travel trailer model 324BDSW in tow. This unit features sleeping space for at least 9! A few other notable features include a rear semi-private bunkhouse, dual slide outs, an outside kitchen, plus two entry/exit doors, and more!
As you enter the door closest to the front you will find the kitchen area to your immediate left beginning with an angled double sink, a three burner range with overhead microwave oven, a refrigerator, and a pantry. The opposite side of the trailer features a slide containing a u-shaped dinette, and a sofa or an optional hide-a-bed sofa. Along the center interior wall there is an entertainment center which can easily be viewed from anywhere in this combined kitchen/living area.
On either side of the entertainment center there is access to the front bedroom space which features a queen size bed. You will have plenty of storage with bedside wardrobes, and an overhead shelf. Curtains can be pulled on either side of the entertainment center to create a semi-private space at night.
Heading toward the rear of the trailer, you will come to a bathroom on your left. Inside enjoy all of the conveniences of home with a sink, toilet, and tub/shower. You will also see that there is a private entrance from outside making it easily accessible when spending time outdoors.
Across from the inside bathroom door you will find a large wardrobe for storage, and the entry into the rear bunkhouse which includes one slide out J-Cube futon sofa with a single bunk above The curbside features a wardrobe with TV and bunk above. A curtain provides a bit of privacy for your kiddos or your guests.
Heading outside you will find storage compartments to stow away your outdoor gear, an 18' awning for shade, and an outside kitchen including a pull-out two burner cooktop, sink, refrigerator, and counter space, plus so much more!
Stock# 71737
Interior Color: HAVANA
|36 ft 2 in
|Ext Width
|8 ft
|Ext Height
|11 ft 3 in
|Int Height
|6 ft 9 in
|Interior Color
|Dry Weight
|7560 lbs
|Number Of Bunks
|Available Beds
|Refrigerator Type
|Refrigerator Size
|6 cu ft
|Cooktop Burners
|Number of Awnings
|LP Tank Capacity
|Water Heater Capacity
|6 gal
|Water Heater Type
|DSI Gas
|13500 btu
|Cargo Deck Size
|0 ft
|Awning Info
|18' Powered with LED Lights
|Axle Count
|Number of LP Tanks
|Shower Type
|Tub/Shower Combo
|Electrical Service
|30 amp
Jayco, Inc. was founded in 1968 by a man of strong faith and vision. The late Lloyd J. Bontrager, family man and inventor, felt he could build the world a better RV. He longed to create a company of his own, one that clearly reflected his ideals: a company where everyone would be treated as "family".
With encouragement from his wife Bertha, Lloyd started Jayco on their farm--in two chicken houses and a barn! He developed his own prototype camping trailer and a unique lifter system for fold-down campers, the basic design of which is patented and still in use today. By the end of 1968, his fledging company of 15 employees had sold 132 fold-down camping trailers.
Today, Jayco's "family" of employees has grown to nearly 1,500 people, while more than 25,000 people join our "extended family" of customers each year.
At Jayco, our mission statement is: Committed to being the most respected name in recreation vehicles. We will consistently build a high quality, high value, competitively priced product at acceptable margins, treat every situation with the highest level of integrity in a timely manner, and continually work to reduce total cost to achieve acceptable returns.


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The Windows Metafile (WMF) is a graphics file format on Microsoft Windows systems, originally designed in the 1990s.
Internally, a metafile is an array of variable-length structures called metafile records. The first records in the metafile specify general information such as the resolution of the device on which the picture was created, the dimensions of the picture, and so on. The remaining records, which constitute the bulk of any metafile, correspond to the graphics device interface (GDI) functions required to draw the picture. These records are stored in the metafile after a special metafile device context is created. This metafile device context is then used for all drawing operations required to create the picture. When the system processes a GDI function associated with a metafile DC, it converts the function into the appropriate data and stores this data in a record appended to the metafile.
After a picture is complete and the last record is stored in the metafile, you can pass the metafile to another application by:
A metafile is played when its records are converted to device commands and processed by the appropriate device.
There are two types of metafiles:
I had worked with Metafiles in Visual Basic 6 many years ago, when I worked for Taltech.com, a company that strives to produce the highest quality barcode images that Windows can create. As I remember it, this involved making lots of Windows API calls, and something called "Hi Metric Map Mode" (MM_HIMETRC). "Basically, the mapping mode system enables you to equate an abstract, logical drawing surface with a concrete and constrained display surface. This is good in principle but GDI had a major drawback inasmuch as the logical drawing area coordinates were based upon signed integers. This meant that creating drawing systems based upon some real-world measurement system such as inches or millimeters required you to use a number of integer values to represent a single unit of measure for example, in the case of MM_LOMETRC mapping there are ten integer values to each linear millimeter and in the case of MM_LOENGLISH there are 100 integer values to each linear inch." - Bob Powell. Bob has written a great article: Comparing GDI mapping modes with GDI+ transforms for anyone wanting to learn more about this.
Bob goes on to say that "Given the fact that matrix transformations have been recognized as the only sensible method to manipulate graphics for many years, GDI mapping modes were a very limited alternative and always a bit of a kludge", and he's probably right. To be honest, all that matrix stuff went way over my head. Luckily, today, the simplicity of matrix transformations is built into GDI+, and most of those API calls have been integrated into the System.Drawing Namespaces of the .Net Framework. Having already found a way to draw a barcode as a bitmap using the .Net Framework, I wanted to see how easy it would be to create a barcode as a metafile, since bitmaps are a lossy format, and barcodes need to be as high quality as possible to ensure that the scanners read them correctly.
You might think that creating a metafile would be as easy as using the Save() Method of System.Drawing.Image and giving the file a .wmf or .emf extension, but sadly this is not the case. If you do that, what you actually get, is a Portable Network Graphics (PNG) file, with a .wmf or .emf extension. Even if you use the ImageFormat overload, and pass in the filename and ImageFormat.Emf or ImageFormat.Wmf, you still end up with a PNG. It doesn't matter whether you create a Bitmap and call Save() or you go to the trouble of creating an in memory Metafile (more on that later) and then call Save(), you will never get a true Metafile. If you visit the MSDN documentation on the Metafile Class, you can see under 'Remarks' it casually states:
When you use the Save method to save a graphic image as a Windows Metafile Format (WMF) or Enhanced Metafile Format (EMF) file, the resulting file is saved as a Portable Network Graphics (PNG) file instead. This behavior occurs because the GDI+ component of the .NET Framework does not have an encoder that you can use to save files as .wmf or .emf files.
This is confirmed in the documentation for the System.Drawing.Image.Save Method:
If no encoder exists for the file format of the image, the Portable Network Graphics (PNG) encoder is used. When you use the Save() method to save a graphic image as a Windows Metafile Format (WMF) or Enhanced Metafile Format (EMF) file, the resulting file is saved as a Portable Network Graphics (PNG) file. This behavior occurs because the GDI+ component of the .NET Framework does not have an encoder that you can use to save files as .wmf or .emf files.
Saving the image to the same file it was constructed from is not allowed and throws an exception.
In order to save your in memory metafile as a true metafile, you must make some old fashioned API calls, and I will show you how to do this in due course, but first you need to know how to create an in memory Metafile. Let's assume that, like me, you already have some code that generates a bitmap image which looks just the way you want it. Here is some sample code distilled from a nice BarCode Library project written by Brad Barnhill
static void Main(string[] args)
int width = 300;
int height = 100;
Bitmap b = new Bitmap(width, height);
int pos = 0;
string encodedValue =
int barWidth = width / encodedValue.Length;
int shiftAdjustment = (width % encodedValue.Length) / 2;
int barWidthModifier = 1;
using (Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(b))
// clears the image and colors the entire background
// lines are barWidth wide so draw the appropriate color line vertically
using (Pen pen = new Pen(Color.Black, (float)barWidth / barWidthModifier))
while (pos < encodedValue.Length)
if (encodedValue[pos] == '1')
new Point(pos * barWidth + shiftAdjustment + 1, 0),
new Point(pos * barWidth + shiftAdjustment + 1, height));
} // while
} // using
} // using
b.Save(@"d:\temp\test.png", ImageFormat.Png);
As you can see, this code creates a new Bitmap image, creates a Graphics object from it, draws on it using the Pen class then saves it as a .png. The resulting image looks like this:
So far so good. As we have already established, simply rewriting the last line as
b.Save(@"d:\temp\test.emf", ImageFormat.Emf);
is not enough to convert this image to a metafile. Sadly, substituting the word "Metafile" for "Bitmap" is not all it takes to create an in memory metafile. Instead, you will need to have a device context handle and a stream handy. If you are working on a Windows Forms application you can create a Graphics object easily by simply typing Graphics g = this.CreateGraphics(); but if you are writing a class library or a console application you have to be a bit more creative and use an internal method (FromHwndInternal) to create the Graphics object out of nothing:
Graphics offScreenBufferGraphics;
Metafile m;
using (MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream())
using (offScreenBufferGraphics = Graphics.FromHwndInternal(IntPtr.Zero))
IntPtr deviceContextHandle = offScreenBufferGraphics.GetHdc();
m = new Metafile(
OK, so now your code looks like this:
using (Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(m))
m.Save(@"d:\temp\test2.png", ImageFormat.Png);
But wait, what happened to my barcode? It's all off center, yet the code used to draw it hasn't changed:
Luckily this is easy to fix. We need to use a different overload when creating the metafile, so that we can specify a width and height, and a unit of measure:
new RectangleF(0, 0, width, height),
Now it looks the same when saved as a .png, but it may still look all wrong (and more importantly be completely unreadable by a barcode scanner) if printed and the resolution of the printer does not match that of your desktop when you created the metafile. Furthermore, if I save this as a real EMF file and email it to you, when you view it you may see a different rendering, because the desktop I created it on has a resolution of 1920x1080, but if your desktop has a higher or lower resolution it will affect how it is displayed. Remember a metafile is a stored set of instructions on how to render the image and by default it will use the stored resolution for reference. To correct this, we have to add some additional code to the Graphics object to ensure this doesn't happen (thanks go to Nicholas Piasecki and his blog entry for pointing this out):
MetafileHeader metafileHeader = m.GetMetafileHeader();
g.ScaleTransform(metafileHeader.DpiX / g.DpiX, metafileHeader.DpiY / g.DpiY);
g.PageUnit = GraphicsUnit.Pixel;
g.SetClip(new RectangleF(0, 0, width, height));
Well, first we need to declare some old fashioned Win API calls:
static extern IntPtr CopyEnhMetaFile( // Copy EMF to file
IntPtr hemfSrc, // Handle to EMF
String lpszFile // File
static extern int DeleteEnhMetaFile( // Delete EMF
IntPtr hemf // Handle to EMF
Then we can replace the m.Save(...); line with this:
// Get a handle to the metafile
IntPtr iptrMetafileHandle = m.GetHenhmetafile();
// Export metafile to an image file
CopyEnhMetaFile(iptrMetafileHandle, @"d:\temp\test2.emf");
// Delete the metafile from memory
and finally we have a true metafile to share. Why Microsoft failed to encapsulate this functionality within the framework as an image encoder is a mystery. Windows Metafiles, and Enhanced Metafiles are after all their own creation. So our final version of the code looks like this:
// Set everything to high quality
g.SmoothingMode = SmoothingMode.HighQuality;
g.InterpolationMode = InterpolationMode.HighQualityBicubic;
g.PixelOffsetMode = PixelOffsetMode.HighQuality;
g.CompositingQuality = CompositingQuality.HighQuality;
metafileHeader.DpiX / g.DpiX,
metafileHeader.DpiY / g.DpiY);
There is one more Metafile Gotcha I'd like to share. As part of my original Bitmap generating code, I had a boolean option to generate a label, that is the human readable text that appears beneath the barcode. If this option was selected, before returning the bitmap object I would pass it to another method that looked something like this:
static Image DrawLabel(Image img, int width, int height)
Font font = new Font("Microsoft Sans Serif", 10, FontStyle.Bold); ;
using (Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(img))
g.DrawImage(img, 0, 0);
StringFormat f = new StringFormat();
f.Alignment = StringAlignment.Center;
f.LineAlignment = StringAlignment.Near;
int LabelX = width / 2;
int LabelY = height - font.Height;
//color a background color box at the bottom of the barcode to hold the string of data
g.FillRectangle(new SolidBrush(Color.White), new RectangleF((float)0, (float)LabelY, (float)width, (float)font.Height));
//draw datastring under the barcode image
g.DrawString("038000356216", font, new SolidBrush(Color.Black), new RectangleF((float)0, (float)LabelY, (float)width, (float)font.Height), f);
return img;
When passing the bitmap, this works great, but when passing the metafile, the line using (Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(img)) would throw a System.OutOfMemoryException every time. As a workaround, I copied the label generating code into the main method that creates the barcode. Another option might be to create a new metafile (not by calling m.Clone() - I tried that and still got the out of memory exception), send that to the DrawLabel() method, then when it comes back, create a third Metafile, and call g.DrawImage() twice (once for each metafile that isn't still blank) and return this new composited image. I think that will work, but I also think it would use a lot more resources and be grossly inefficient, so I think copying the label code into both the DrawBitmap() and DrawMetafile() methods, is a better solution.
Sometimes you may not want a user to launch multiple instances of your program, or you may have a processor or I/O intensive scheduled task that runs every few minutes and you want to make sure that if it is started again before the last instance has finished it simply exits immediately. One way to check to see if your program is already running is to look at the list of running processes:
namespace RunningInstance
using System;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Reflection;
class Program
if (RunningInstance())
Console.WriteLine("Another instance of this process was already running, exiting...");
// ...
static bool RunningInstance()
Process current = Process.GetCurrentProcess();
Process[] processes = Process.GetProcessesByName(current.ProcessName);
// Loop through the running processes in with the same name
foreach (Process p in processes)
// Ignore the current process
if (p.Id != current.Id)
// Make sure that the process is running from the exe file.
if (Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().Location.Replace("/", @"\") == current.MainModule.FileName)
return true;
return false;
However, suppose you have a multi function console application that accepts a dozen different command line arguments to perform different jobs, all of which run as separate scheduled tasks at overlapping intervals. If this is the case, then checking the list of running processes may well find your executable already running, but have no idea which command line argument was used to start it. I tried adding:
Console.WriteLine("Instance started with args: '{0}'", p.StartInfo.Arguments);
above the "return true" statement in RunningInstance() but it will not print the command line args used to start it. Lets suppose we add 2 classes to our project. Task1 and Task2. For the sake of simplicity, they both look something like this:
using System.Threading;
public class Task1
public void Start()
Console.WriteLine("Starting Task 1");
Task 2 is exactly the same, except it prints "Starting Task 2". If we keep our RunningInstance check in place Main() now looks like this:
Console.WriteLine("An instance of this application is already running. Exiting.");
if(args.Length < 1)
Console.WriteLine("Unrecognized Command.");
switch (args[0])
case "-task1":
var t1 = new Task1();
case "-task2":
var t2 = new Task2();
Console.WriteLine("Unrecognized Command.");
Task 2 will not run, if task 1 is still running, and vice versa. However, suppose the two tasks are completely unrelated. The first is only a minor chore, that simply counts the number of items marked as "queued" in a database table and sends out an email if the number is too high, while task 2 is much lengthier process that FTPs files. We may need both of these tasks to run as scheduled, but not want multiple instances of either task to run at the same time. How can we achive this? We use a Mutex. Mutex is an abbreviation of "Mutual exclusion" and is traditionally used in multi threaded applications to avoid the simultaneous use of a common resource, such as a global variable. After adding a mutex to each task, our final code looks like this:
/// <summary>Gets the mutex that prevents multiple instances of this code running at once.</summary>
private static Mutex mutex1;
bool createdNew;
mutex1 = new Mutex(true, "RunningInstance.Task1", out createdNew);
if (!createdNew)
// Instance already running; exit.
Console.WriteLine("Exiting: Instance already running");
public class Task2
mutex1 = new Mutex(true, "RunningInstance.Task2", out createdNew);
Console.WriteLine("Starting Task 2");
In .NET terms, a program can be defined as an assembly, or group of assemblies, that work together to accomplish a task. Assemblies are little more than a way of packaging instructions into maintainable elements and are generally compiled into a dynamic link library (DLL) or an executable (EXE), or a combination of the two.
A process gives a program a place to run, allowing access to memory and resources. Generally, each process runs relatively independent of other processes. In particular, the memory where your program variables will reside is completely separate from the memory used by other processes. Your email program cannot directly assign a new value to a variable in the web browser program. If your email program can communicate with your web browser—for instance, to have it open a web page from a link you received in email—it does so with some form of communication that takes much more time than a memory access.
By putting programs into processes and using only a restricted, mutually agreed-upon communication between them has a number of advantages. One of the advantages is that an error in one process will be less likely to interfere with other processes. Before multitasking operating systems, it was much more common for a single program to be able to crash the entire machine. Putting tasks into processes, and limiting interaction with other processes and the operating system, has greatly added to system stability.
All modern operating systems support the subdivision of processes into multiple threads of execution. Threads run independently, like processes, and no thread knows what other threads are running or where they are in the program unless they synchronize explicitly. The key difference between threads and processes is that the threads within a process share all the data of the process. Thus, a simple memory access can accomplish the task of setting a variable in another thread. Every program will have at least one thread.
In his book ".NET Multithreading" Alan Dennis compares a Process to a house and a thread to a housecat. He writes:
The cat spends most of its time sleeping, but occasionally it wakes up and performs some action, such as eating. The house shares many characteristics with a process. It contains resources available to beings in it, such as a litter box. These resources are available to things within the house, but generally not to things outside the house. Things in the house are protected from things outside of the house. This level of isolation helps protect resources from misuse. One house can easily be differentiated from another by examining its address. Most important, houses contain things, such as furniture, litter boxes, and cats.
Cats perform actions. A cat interacts with elements in its environment, like the house it lives in. A housecat generally has a name. This helps identify it from other cats that might share the same household. It has access to some or the entire house depending on its owner's permission. A thread's access to elements may also be restricted based on permissions, in this case, the system's security settings.
The cat spends most of its time sleeping, but occasionally it wakes up and performs some action, such as eating. The house shares many characteristics with a process. It contains resources available to beings in it, such as a litter box. These resources are available to things within the house, but generally not to things outside the house. Things in the house are protected from things outside of the house. This level of isolation helps protect resources from misuse. One house can easily be differentiated from another by examining its address. Most important, houses contain things, such as furniture, litter boxes, and cats.
Cats perform actions. A cat interacts with elements in its environment, like the house it lives in. A housecat generally has a name. This helps identify it from other cats that might share the same household. It has access to some or the entire house depending on its owner's permission. A thread's access to elements may also be restricted based on permissions, in this case, the system's security settings.
Multitasking means that more than one program can be active at a time. You may take it for granted that you can have an email program and a web browser program running at the same time. Yet, not that long ago, this was not the case. In the days of DOS you would need to save and close your spreadsheet before opening your word processor. With the advent of Windows, you could open multiple applications at once. Windows 3.x used something called Cooperative Multitasking which is based on the assumption that all running processes will yield control to the operating system at a frequent interval. The problem with this model was that not all software developers followed these rules and a program that did not return control to the system, or did so very infrequently, could destabilize the operating system, causing it to "lock up". When Windows 3.x started a new application, that application was invoked from the main thread. Windows passed control to the application with the understanding that control would quickly be returned to windows. If that didn't happen, all other running applications including the operating system could no longer execute instructions. Today, Windows employs Preemptive Multitasking. In this model, instead of relying on programs to return control to the system at regular intervals, the OS simply takes it.
The main thread of a typical windows program executes a loop (Called a message pump). The loop checks a message queue to see if there is work to do and if there is, it does the work. For example, when a user clicks on a button in a windows application the click event adds work to the message queue indicating which method should be executed. This method is of course known as an event handler. While the loop is executing an event handler, it cannot process additional messages. Multithreading (literally using more than one thread) is how we can work around this limitation. Instead of having the main thread that was assigned to this program do the time consuming work, we assign the work to a seperate thread and have it do the work.
There are a number of ways to create and manage these new threads - using System.Threading, creating a delegate method, implementing the Event Based Asynchronous Pattern, using waithandles, etc. and I intend to explore all of them future articles. In a single core processor, this execution on a separate thread would be periodically interrupted by the operating system to allow other threads a chance to get work done; but after decades in a world where most computers had only one central processing unit (CPU), we are now in a world where only "old" computers have one CPU. Multi-core processors are now the norm. Therefore, every software developer needs to Think Parallel.
Multithreading allows a process to overlap I/O and computation. One thread can execute while another thread is waiting for an I/O operation to complete. Multithreading makes a GUI (graphical user interface) more responsive. The thread that handles GUI events, such as mouse clicks and button presses, can create additional threads to perform long-running tasks in response to the events. This allows the event handler thread to respond to more GUI events. Multithreading can speed up performance through parallelism. A program that makes full use of two processors may run in close to half the time. However, this level of speedup usually cannot be obtained, due to the communication overhead required for coordinating the threads.
Multithreading allows a process to overlap I/O and computation. One thread can execute while another thread is waiting for an I/O operation to complete. Multithreading makes a GUI (graphical user interface) more responsive. The thread that handles GUI events, such as mouse clicks and button presses, can create additional threads to perform long-running tasks in response to the events. This allows the event handler thread to respond to more GUI events. Multithreading can speed up performance through parallelism. A program that makes full use of two processors may run in close to half the time. However, this level of speedup usually cannot be obtained, due to the communication overhead required for coordinating the threads.
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text:
Story highlights
- Minnesota-based coffee-shop chain to reduce U.S. footprint
- 80 stores to close Sunday; 88 others to become Peet's
- Company was taken private in December by German equity company
Minneapolis-based Caribou Coffee is closing 80 locations next week and plans to convert 88 others to Peet's Coffee & Tea shops within the next 18 months, the company announced Monday.
"Over the past few months, we at Caribou have revisited our business strategy, including closely evaluating our performance by market to make decisions that best position us for long-term growth," the announcement said.
As a result, 80 "underperforming" stores will close for good on Sunday.
After that, 88 other Caribou locations will become Peet's as Caribou becomes extinct or critically endangered in Ohio, Michigan, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia, Georgia, Illinois, eastern Wisconsin and Washington.
When the purge is complete, Caribou plans to continue to operate 468 locations in Minnesota, North and South Dakota, Iowa, Kansas, western Wisconsin, North Carolina, Denver, Colorado, and 10 international markets.
Customers who have Caribou gift cards will still be able to use them at CaribouCoffee.com, the company said on Twitter. It was referring all consumer questions to the toll-free number 888-Caribou (888-227-4268).
As of 2009, Caribou employed more than 6,000 people and had 2009 revenue of $262 million. The company, founded in 1992, was taken private in a $340 million deal in December 2012 by German equity company Joh.A.Benckiser Group, which also owns Peet's.
Starbucks, the king of the coffee forest, reported revenue of $13.3 billion in fiscal year 2012.
Fans of the rustic-themed Caribou coffee shops reacted Monday with dismay, with a certain amount of anger stirred in.
Caribou's promotional Facebook page was sprinkled with comments such as, "Out of respect for the employees who are losing their jobs the least you could do is stop these posts," and "Go to hell. Why would I try it when you are closing my store in LaGrange IL and forcing good, hardworking people out of a job?"
A community called "Caribou Coffee, putting 1,000's of people out of work" popped up on Facebook and had 120 likes by 7 p.m. ET.
Here is a sampling of comments from distraught Twitter users:
Sarah Traczyk @cadetkellyy
Swear to god if @Caribou_Coffee disappears for good I will never be okay.
Lexi Hagen @Lexi_Hagen
Caribou Coffee is closing most of their stores!?!?! My heart just broke in two
Stephanie Steinberg @Steph_Steinberg
Saddest news of the day: Caribou Coffee announced it is closing all stores in Michigan.
Tyrone Smith @iFlyNoWings
So Caribou Coffee is pulling out of the Chicago market? Man... I've got a lot of high school memories from hanging there.


text:
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