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The Transportation Security Administration (TSA) requires you to provide your full name, date of birth and gender for the purpose of watch list screening under the authority of 49 U.S.C. section 114, the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004 and 49 C.F.R parts 1540 and 1560. You may also provide your Redress Number, if available. Failure to provide your full name, date of birth and gender may result in denial of transport or denial of authority to enter the boarding area. The TSA may share information you provide with law enforcement or intelligence agencies or others under its published system of record notice. For more information on TSA privacy policies or to review the system of records notice and privacy impact assessment, visit the TSA website
Passports & visas
Below is important information about passport and visa requirements. For more information about passports and other identity documents, please contact your local authorities.
Important information about unaccompanied minors
If you're the parent or legal guardian of an unaccompanied minor, you must always show a valid identity document at check-in regardless of destination.
Temporary Border control for passengers traveling to/ via Poland
Due to World Climate Summit held in Katowice passengers arriving to Poland during 22 November - 16 December need to hold a valid Passport or National ID.
- If you're traveling to or via the US, you will need the following:
- Valid passport
- Valid ESTA (Electronic System for Travel Authorization)
- Address of your first night's accommodation in the US
- Please note that in accordance with the US VISIT Program, all passengers traveling to the US must be fingerprinted and photographed upon arrival.
- When you travel to or via the US, you need a machine-readable biometric passport that is valid for the duration of your visit to the US. A biometric passport is a more secure type of passport with an embedded electronic chip. It's indicated by a special symbol on the front.
- If you don't have a biometric passport or if you're planning to stay more than 90 days, you must obtain an American visa before you depart.
Your booking and first night's address in the US
- The information in your booking – your name including middle name, gender and date of birth – must agree with the information in your passport.
- Your information must be included in your booking no later than 72 hours before departure or you may be denied entry to the aircraft. Please note that you are responsible for providing SAS with this information on time.
If you have not already supplied this information when making your booking, you can provide it here
- For bookings made later than 72 hours before departure, you must provide the personal information described above when you book.
- You must provide the address of your first night's accommodation in the US no later than at check-in, even if you're only traveling via the US (in transit). To save time at the airport, you can enter this information when you book. American citizens and Green Card holders do not need to provide an address.
Travel authorization (ESTA)
- Scandinavians don't need a visa to travel to the US, but they do need a travel authorization (ESTA). This applies even if you're traveling via the US (in transit). You can apply for an ESTA here
- If you have a visa, you don't need to apply for an ESTA.
Checking in
- When traveling to the US, it is important to arrive to the airport well in advance of your departure, as you will need extra time to check in and for security screening. This is due to additional regulations from US Transportation Security Administration (TSA) affecting all departures to the US from October 26th 2017, where all airlines globally must adhere to the same regulations. This also affects transfer passengers.
- You can check in online, on your phone or at a SAS Self-Service kiosk
- If you're traveling from Stockholm to the US, you can check in and get your bag tags at a SAS Self-Service kiosk. Then just drop your bags at the SAS bag drop.
- You should always carry a printed copy of your e-ticket. You'll need to carry this if you're traveling to the US as well as on your return trip.
If you're traveling to, from or via the US, please keep the following things in mind.
- Do not lock your bag. If your bag is locked and needs to be broken open by the authorities, you will not be compensated for the damage. If you want to lock your bag, we recommend using a TSA lock which is approved for use in the US.
- Carrying hazardous substances in your baggage is a punishable offense under American law.
Canada has introduced a new entry requirement, Electronic Travel Authorization (eTA), for visa-exempt foreign nationals traveling to or via Canada by air. US citizens and travelers with a valid visa are excepted.
Apply for your eTA no later than 72 hours before departure. The eTA is valid for a maximum of 5 years or until your passport expires. To be allowed to board your flight to Canada, you will need to travel with the passport you used to apply for your eTA since the eTA is electronically linked to it. All travelers are responsible for ensuring they have an eTA. Find out more and apply
Make sure you have the right documents to travel in Europe.
Traveling in the Nordic countries
- Nordic citizens don't need to carry a passport when traveling within the Nordic countries (Sweden, Finland, Denmark, Norway excluding Svalbard and Iceland). However, you must always be able to verify your identity upon request.
Schengen countries
- There are no individual security checks at borders between Schengen countries. However, you still need to carry the national identity card or passport to verify your citizenship if required.
- Exceptions within Schengen countries: in Latvia, Estonia and France, you must present a passport or national identity card when you arrive and depart.
Non-Schengen countries
- You must show your passport when you check in and board the aircraft when traveling to a non-Schengen country.
- On non-Schengen SAS flights to/from Denmark, you must provide information including date of birth, citizenship, passport number etc. when you check in online or at the airport.
- Effective 7 October 2017, the police are to check the passports of all travelers crossing the Schengen border at Copenhagen Airport. The new rules mean that all travelers, irrespective of their nationality, who cross the Schengen border, are to have their passport scanned at the passport control at Copenhagen Airport.
Copenhagen Airport anticipates waiting times of up to one hour at the passport control, depending on whether you are arriving or departing from the airport. We therefore advise our passengers to arrive at the airport in good time, as passport control is performed after check-in and security.
- Regardless of age, children must have their own passports confirming their nationality. This also applies when traveling with an adult.
- If you are the parent or legal guardian of an unaccompanied minor, you must always show a valid identity document at check-in, regardless of destination.
Great Britain
Here are some things to keep in mind when traveling to Great Britain.
- All airlines must submit APIS (Advanced Passenger Information) for passengers traveling between Scandinavia and Great Britain.
- You'll need to provide information from your passport or national identity card when you check in online, at a kiosk or at a counter
- If you check in online or on your phone, you still need to register passport information when you check in your baggage. If you're traveling with only a carry-on, you need to register your passport information at a SAS Self-Service kiosk at the airport.
If you travel to, from, within or via Russia, you need to undergo an extra passport and visa check. Please also be aware that extra passenger information is required when you book your ticket.
Passport and visa
- You need a valid visa to enter Russia, even if you're only transiting. This must be acquired in advance since you can't apply for a visa when you arrive in Russia.
- Before you leave, please ensure that you have arranged the following:
- You must have a valid passport that is 100% intact and contains a passport photo
- Your visa must be valid on the day that you arrive in Russia and must be inserted in a valid passport
- Your gender, date of birth and passport number must be correctly stated on your visa
- You can use your visa more than once
- You must have travel insurance (requirement for citizens from Schengen countries and Israel)
- If you have applied for a visa for more than 3 months, you must show that you have undergone HIV testing
- If you're staying at a private residence in Russia, you must have an official private invitation issued by the local passport and visa unit (OVIR).
- If you're staying at a hotel, the hotel can arrange for an invitation.
- Make sure your travel dates in your visa are correct. If your visa has been issued with the wrong travel date, you may be denied travel to Russia on SAS.
Extra information in your booking
- For trips to, from, within or via Russia, you must provide extra passenger information in your booking no later than 24 hours before departure including:
- Your full name: first, middle and last names
- Gender
- Date of birth
- Type of identity document, e.g. passport
- Identity document number, e.g. passport number
- Nationality
- As a traveler, you are responsible for providing SAS with this information on time. If you didn't provide this information when booking your trip, contact your travel agency or register your information here
- If you book less than 24 hours before departure, you must provide this information when you book.
Rest of the world
When you travel outside of the Schengen area, you need to carry the documents required for entry into each respective country.
- Examples of required documents:
- Passport
- Visa
- Electronic Travel Authority (when traveling to Australia)
- Exit permit
- Vaccination certificate
- Contact the respective country's embassy for more detailed information before your trip.
Traveling to China
For international flights, please ensure you have the documents required for entry into the countries you're traveling to so you can prove your citizenship. These documents may include:
- Passport
- Visas
- Departure permits
- Vaccination cards


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wonkey donkey wrote:"Badges?" "Badges?"
"We don't need no stinkin' badges!"
jockmazza wrote:
Hi Wonkey Donkey.. our NS(S) members are interested in Badges...
jockmazza wrote:I think we have hit the buffers on the badges at present.. but if NSS/E/N get together and get enough numbers, we could maybe get someone to make them.
I'm sure there's a corporate rule on using the logo.. mx-5 OC being a limited company and all that.. but as my company knows, I don't care much for answers that begin with "no"... so game on..
Ian - do you want to see if your members want a badge and I will do the same, get numbers by end of feb, say, and then I can do some digging.
Drumtochty, nice to hear from you again.
Colin wrote:On the subject of which ...
How about a windscreen badge for the NS areas, so we can flash each other when we see someone approaching?
With the bumper stickers we've already passed before we spot them in our rear view mirror!
IanH wrote:jockmazza wrote:
Hi Wonkey Donkey.. our NS(S) members are interested in Badges...
That because you've recruited so many new ones you don't know who they all are John?
Seriously though I was at a fairly large event one time (not MX-5 OC) where people had sticky printer labels with Forum Name and Real Name, worth a shot if it's a real problem......
Malc wrote::offtopic3: You didn't even come to our planning meeting so - please don't hijack my thread.
You're just being ridiculous by the way.
Colin wrote:4. Like the name badge idea, particularly the idea of just printing out a set of sticky labels ... seems a sensible, low cost solution. The OC may sanction the use of the official logo, but it's no biggie if we can't use it.
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text: Aaron Bacote Rick Voight WVU Snaps ODU's Four-Game Winning Streak November 26, 2013 By ODU Athletics Game box CANCUN, MEXICO—The West Virginia Mountaineers (5-1) used .560 shooting led by 19 points from Eron Harris to defeat the ODU Monarchs (4-2), 78-60 in the Cancun Challenge at the Hard Rock Resort-Riviera Maya. The Monarchs will play Saint Louis Wednesday night at 7 p.m. ODU will play the Billikens of Saint Louis (5-1) for third place as they lost to Wisconsin, 64-57. This will be the first ever meeting between the two schools. The loss snapped the Monarchs four-game winning streak. Sophomore guard Aaron Bacote led ODU with 20 points and a career high nine rebounds. WVU led 22-9 with 8:49 left in the first half, but the Monarchs rallied to cut the lead to three, 26-23 on a three-pointer by red-shirt freshman guard Ambrose Mosley. The Mountaineers then got a three-pointer from Terry Henderson and a basket by Juwan Staten to push the lead to eight at 31-23 with 1:23 left. After Keenan Palmore hit one of two free throws to cut it to seven, Staten hit another trey and Eron Harris followed with a basket with three seconds left to give WVU a 36-24 halftime lead. The Mountaineers shot .50 (13-26) from the field in the first half, while ODU shot .333 (9-27) and the Monarchs were .333 (3-13) from the free throw line. In the second half, WVU shot .625 (15-24) from the floor and finished the game at .560 (28-50). Besides Bacote's 20 points, red-shirt junior guard Dimitri Batten added 14. The Monarchs outrebounded West Virginia, 35-28 with Bacote hauling down nine and sophomore Keenan Palmore grabbing six. ODU also came up with eight steals led by freshman Jordan Baker and Keenan Palmore with three each. The Mountaineers had four players in double figures. Joining Harris were Terry Henderson with 14, Juwan Staten with 13, and Devin Williams with 12. Williams also hauled down a game high ten rebounds.


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ASHBURN - The Washington Redskins have become a rerun.
The plot was stale, and so was the dialogue when the players returned Monday from their so-called "mini-bye" following a Thursday game. The record still isn't good. (It's 3-6.). The NFC is still up f
ASHBURN - The Washington Redskins have become a rerun.
The plot was stale, and so was the dialogue when the players returned Monday from their so-called "mini-bye" following a Thursday game. The record still isn't good. (It's 3-6.). The NFC is still up for grabs. (They're only 1� games out of first). And, of course, there's still the memory of the season-rescuing seven-game winning streak a year ago.
No one is more tired of the routine that the players themselves. Hope is a hard sell when you're at the bottom of the worst division in the NFL.
"Starting 0-3, and then winning a few games, and looking at all that and saying we have a shot, we have a shot, we have a shot - well, you have to win a game," safety Reed Doughty said. "You've got to win games that you're supposed to win, and you're going have to win some games that we're not supposed to win at this point."
One of those supposed-to-win games was Thursday's 34-27 loss to the Minnesota Vikings, who previously had only one victory all season. After their 0-3 start, the Redskins have alternated wins and losses for a month and a half, unable to get any traction. The flaws are well-documented: The defense struggles against the pass, quarterback Robert Griffin III has been inconsistent when throwing the ball and lacks a reliable No. 2 wideout, and the special teams units are disaster waiting to happen every time they run onto the field.
"We can talk about everybody else, but the bottom line is we have to be a lot better," cornerback DeAngelo Hall said. "We can't make it to the playoffs and expect to do anything in the playoffs the way we've been playing. It's pointless to even get there."
The new wrinkle this week is that this is the point when the Redskins turned it around last year, when they became only the fourth team to reach the playoffs after starting 3-6 - and the first since the Jacksonville Jaguars in 1996. The players know it's a bit much to ask for lightning to strike twice in two years, but now they're hoping for that very scenario.
Hall was asked if there's any difference between this year's 3-6 and last year's. His answer won't inspire many fans.
"Not really; 3-6 is 3-6," he said. "The division's kinda still up for grabs a little bit. Philly's been kinda on a roll now. So how do we fix it? I don't know. I keep saying week after week, there's no magic formula to take, or special pill we can pop to run some wins off."
The Redskins were three games off the lead at 3-6 last year and had five games remaining against division opponents. They year they are within easier range of the Philadelphia Eagles and Dallas Cowboys - both 5-5 and with flaws aplenty. In fact, the hottest team in the quartet is the New York Giants, who have won three straight to climb back into contention after an 0-6 start.
The Cowboys, however, are 3-0 within the division, giving them a head start on a crucial tiebreaker. The Redskins are 0-2 vs. fellow NFC East teams, with a chance to make up ground Sunday when they visit the Eagles.
"It's an uphill battle, you're naive saying that it's not," defensive lineman Kedric Golston said. "Last year doesn't have anything to do with this year."
A win Sunday puts the Redskins within a game of the Cowboys, who have a bye. It's easy to say a loss would wreck Washington's chances for good, but, given the state of the division, there's a decent chance the players would be saying the same things again next Monday.
"I think the only confidence you can get is from winning games," Doughty said. "People want to talk about getting on a streak, and I know people want to talk about that, but you've got to play better and you've got to play consistently and you've got to start by winning one game."


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CULTURE- ART FEATURE- Dot matrix: Modern dreaming in Aboriginal art
IMAGE COURTESY Kluge-Ruhe
In Charlottesville's recently roiled art world, here's a bit of good news: John Kluge, benefactor extraordinaire, has decided to donate 16 more paintings to the Kluge-Ruhe Aboriginal Art Collection. Valued at over $1 million, the pivotal works are currently on view in the exhibition, "Virtuosity: The Evolution of Painting at Pupunya Tula."
Curated by New York University anthropologist Fred R. Myers, the show explores how several men living in Papunya Tula, an Australian government settlement for Western Desert Aborigines, developed the tradition now known as "dot painting" using Western tools supplied by a white art teacher in 1971. The two-dimensional pointillist works they created are the seeds that blossomed into the modern Aboriginal art movement.
Prior to 1971, Aboriginal visual expression was transient and utilitarian. Those who possessed the required depth of knowledge drew spiritually significant designs on rocks, traced them in sand, or painted them on religious objects, including the human body. When art teacher Geoff Bardon came to Papunya Tula, he introduced the men to acrylic paints— a seemingly insignificant gesture that led to the evolution of a new way to convey knowledge of "the Dreaming," Aborgines' elaborate cosmology.
The current exhibition showcases five artists seminal to this movement, examining how each— while sharing ideas with the others— developed a distinct style for telling the ancestral stories significant to him. For instance, the serpentine lines that characteristically divide the dot-layered canvases of Johnny Warangkula Tjupurrula capture the post-rain desert landscape central to his "Water Dreaming" paintings.
Another example is the way Yanyatjarri Tjakamarra, whose work focuses on ritual, subtly varies the dots in his large canvases' concentric circles— each representing a sacred site— to create a shimmering effect reminiscent of the way traditional body-painted designs look in firelight.
The show concludes with a roomful of paintings demonstrating how the movement has evolved through a new generation. Of the works displayed, Ronnie Tjampitjinpa's "Nyinmi" is particularly striking with its complexly balanced yellow, blue, red, and black composition. Also included are several works by women, who began painting in the 1990s.
To further bring into focus the circumstances surrounding the original Papunya Tula movement, the Kluge-Ruhe is also screening a 19-minute loop of archival footage from 1974, documenting among other things white art collectors haggling with artists. A particularly poignant sequence records several of the painters traveling into the desert to re-visit their estranged "country."
For the Papunya Tula artists, the ancestral home was where the art is.
The exhibition, "Virtuosity: The Evolution of Painting at Papunya Tula," is on view through August 9 at the Kluge-Ruhe Aboriginal Art Collection. 400 Worrell Dr. (Pantops.) 244-0234.


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After some neglect I thought I would pipe up on this blog again.
From cycling to triathlon and now to running the pursuit of something fast continues to burn even as the years keep clicking on.
Since the last post I gave the Marathon a whirl and pulled off a knock on the door performance with a 2.26. Lots of people gave me props for this but I was sure that despite the advancing years I could go a chunk quicker. London was actually a pretty bad race - I hadn't flowed properly at all and the average mileage in the six months leading up to the event was under 45.. hardly business time!
So to 2013 and the London Marathon approaches again and this year I feel like I am becoming a real runner. The legs have slimmed away from the cycling pistons and more into thinly honed pins. I have moved my running style away from the heel strike clatter toward a forefoot patter and as such the miles have ticked up. Still not up to the level they could be the odd 70 mile week and even an 80 but small steps are best to keep the body going.
From Kentish Town the pavements are pounded almost day in day out and often both morning and night. It can be a solitary toil but when the legs come on song and you're tempoing in light shoes around the park at under 5minutes a mile there is a great feeling of payback.
So 4 weeks out from London things are looking good. There has been no performance which shows the shape I believe I am in but maybe that is no bad thing. The heart rate is as low as 32, 22 mile long runs with wind up seem doable and the body is bouncing back faster than ever.
So London aim is sub 2.20 which I think is genuinely in range and then a summer of fast track work and core strength before higher mileage and maybe a whirl at getting toward the Commonwealth qualification mark of 2.17 at The Frankfurt Marathon.
It feels like I am only just becoming a proper runner with a year and a half of training in the legs so who knows it could be possible?
1 year ago


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1. Re: How to scale with REST serverGalder Zamarreño May 1, 2012 7:06 AM (in response to vchmakov)
What do you mean by serialized?
2. Re: How to scale with REST servervchmakov May 1, 2012 7:16 AM (in response to Galder Zamarreño)
I mean that in my tests every thread adds equal amount of time to the results. E.g. if one thread requires 200 ms to get 1000 values, then 2 threads do the same work for 400 ms and etc.
3. Re: How to scale with REST serverGalder Zamarreño May 3, 2012 2:32 AM (in response to vchmakov)
Hmmmm, interesting. Can post your test here so that we can run it on our side?
4. Re: How to scale with REST servervchmakov May 5, 2012 11:40 AM (in response to Galder Zamarreño)
While preparing the test application I figured out a few things.
1) The contention point(s) might as well be inside the our own application. E.g. internal memory manager, the OS when system resources are requested etc.
2) The performance provided by the Infinispan's REST interface is adequate to our current needs
However, I'm attaching a simple test application. Here are the prerequisites .
1) It is a 32-bit Windows application written in Delphi. TIdHTTP component is used to access the REST service.
2) The application populates the cache with specified number of items
3) The key is a sequential number converted into string – 1, 2, 3 etc.
4) The value is a string 'abcdefg'.
5) Application creates specified number of threads
6) Each thread performs 5 loops. Within each loop cache is accessed specified number of times (number of items populated)
7) The Infinispan is configured with default settings
The tests have been performed against JBoss AS 7.1.1 standalone and clustered via load balancer with different number of nodes all on the same box (4-core Intel i5 with 8 GB of memory). The testing results are pretty much consistent.
If you guys are willing to give it a try, please let me know your thoughts afterwards – no matter if you find any issue or not.
Thank you for your time,
PS: Just a few words off the topic. I'm really impressed with Infinispan. Performance, simplicity of use, simplicity of configuration, CDI support, works right out of the box, etc., etc. – all this deserves respect. We have our own implementation of distributed cache in Delphi and I know way too well how many problems there are on the way until it finally starts working.
InfinispanTest.zip 6.8 MB


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Here it is... the towel that's taking the internet by storm. Our round beach towels are 60" in diameter and made from ultra-soft plush microfiber with a 100% cotton back. Perfect for a day at the beach, a picnic, an outdoor music festival, or just general home decor. This versatile summer essential is a must-have this season!
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Wow - I didn't realise it was going to be that big! It's a gift for a young member of the family - I think he'll be thrilled as he's a tractor fanatic at 6 years old. A practical gift too. The towel has a smoother upper side so it'll be more comfortable to sit on at the beach. It seems to have a thick absorbent power so no usual skinny beach towel.
Cornell University Ithaca New York 05. This image was taken during a July overcast day at Cornell University. The University is located in Ithaca, New York 14850 and was established in 1865. This image is a member of my Fine Art America Cornell University gallery which contains over 55 images from our campus walk. Note: If an image has the Fine Art America (FAA) watermark in the lower right hand corner it will NOT appear on any print you purchase. From my eyes, through the view finder to the click of the shutter. I hope you enjoy these moments in time that have been captured. This photograph has been Digitally Enhanced to help this image to be considered a unique moment in time. Note: This Photograph was taken with a 24MP digital camera. Since 2013 ALL Photographs were taken with a 24MP digital camera, Rolled In The Tube Art Print (poster) image sizes of 60 inches and up to 96x49 are available for many of these Art Prints. Stop by and check out some of my other Photographic artw...
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EAST RUTHERFORD, N.J. (AP) The NFL has suspended New York Giants rookie safety Will Hill for using Adderall, the same prescription drug that teammate Tyler Sash used.
The Giants announced Hill's suspension on Monday, the same day they added Sash back to the 53-man roster, following his suspension, which was announced during training camp.
Hill's suspension will begin immediately. He will be eligible to return to the Giants active roster on Nov. 5, the day after the Giants play the Pittsburgh Steelers.
The Giants had received a roster exemption last week for Sash, who practiced but was not activated for the team's 41-27 victory yesterday over Cleveland.
``I received a doctor's prescription for Adderall prior to signing with the Giants,'' Hill said. ``Shortly after signing with the team, I was in a meeting with (director of player development) Charles Way, who reviewed the list of the league's banned substances. I knew at that point that this may be an issue. I was tested and the results came back that Adderall was in my system. I appealed but lost the appeal. I accept full responsibility for this situation, and it won't happen again.''
Hill, a New Jersey native who played at Florida, was signed as a free agent on May 14 after a tryout at the rookie minicamp. He has played in all five games this season and has seven tackles (six solo) on defense and four solo tackles and a forced fumble on special teams. Against Cleveland, Hill had three unassisted tackles and forced a fumble on a kickoff that was recovered by Stevie Brown and led to a Giants touchdown.
A second-year pro, Sash was the Giants' sixth-round draft choice in 2011. He played in all 16 regular-season and four postseason games, with most of his action coming on special teams.


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Sioux Falls Man Claims $20,000 Lottery Jackpot
SIOUX FALLS - A Sioux Falls man has claimed a $20,000 Dakota Cash jackpot.
South Dakota lottery officials say Douglas Spelhaug won the jackpot in the Jan. 16 drawing. The odds of winning it are one in about 325,000.
Dakota Cash is played only in South Dakota. The jackpot is at $20,000 for the next drawing, on Wednesday.
Copyright 2013 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


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Maker Faire co-founder Dale Dougherty speaks at the opening night of Maker Faire: Kansas City. Photo courtesy of Kauffman Foundation via Flickr.
As a follow up to the recap we published yesterday, below you'll find quick links to the speakers, makers and performers who were recorded at the first Maker Faire: Kansas City, which was held this past weekend at Union Station.
To learn more about Maker Faire: Kansas City, visit makerfairekc.com.
Friday – Opening Night
Tim O'Reilly, founder of O'Reilly Media and co-founder of Maker Faire
"The Future in One Slide" (view slides)
Video from kaufmann.org
Dale Dougherty, editor and publisher of MAKE, general manager of the Maker Media division of O'Reilly Media, Inc., and co-founder of Maker Faire
"The Maker Faire Movement"
Video from kauffman.org
Saturday & Sunday – Center Stage
To view the presentations of the following speakers, makers or performers, click on their talk title to be taken to the video on StoryTorch's Ustream channel:
- Marcin Jakubowski, founder of Open Source Ecology – "Open Source Global Village"
- Tim O'Reilly – "Innovation and the Future" (view slides)
- Dale Dougherty – "The Story of Maker Faire"
- Roger Billings, inventor of hydrogen fueled car – "Roger Billings Presentation" (talk starts at 51:00)
- Super Awesome Sylvia – "Sylvia's Super-Awesome Maker Show Live" (talk starts at 02:09:00)
- Dale Dougherty – "Q&A"
- "Marcin Jakubowski Presentation #2"
- "Center Stage Music"
- "Roger Billings Presentation #2"


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PID - From Theory To Implmentation
by, 04-12-2011 at 07:36 AM (70879 Views)
What is PID?
Ok so what is this PID and why is it much talked? Well, PID means proportionalintegralderivative and it is a control feedback method applied in different control systems, its main task is to minimize the error of whatever you are about to control. It is superior quality error control feedback mechanism and the general industry standard. Speaking simple it takes in the inputs calculates the deviation from the intended behaviour and accordingly adjusts the outputs so that the deviation from the desired behaviour is minimized thus getting the highest possible accuracy.
What does this PID have to do with me?
Well, there are many applications in the field of robotics like correcting sensor readings, manipulating pwm speed which is the chief objective called motion control. Before using PID control you were simply telling the robots wheels to drive at a certain speed, set by a PWM output hence assuming that the robot wheels would turn at the same speed and the robot would travel in a straight line. This is known as open loop control. This means that you send an output to the motors with no feedback and assume they travel at the speed you set. It is very unlikely that two motors, even two identical motors will turn at the same speed. So some sort of feedback is required to control the speed. This is normally achieved using an encoder. When the speed of the motor is controlled using feedback it is known as closed loop control. Here PID control comes into action! after taking the readings from the encoders it sets the speed such that the bot travels accurately you would have already noticed that the normal geared motors we get (especially in India) dont have precision they have an error ranging from 3 to 8 percent which can mean a lot when turning especially in line followers even a small error can make a line follower miss the line completely or just confuse the bot!
The P part:-
The proportional part, for example let us consider that we are making a bot to follow another on a straight line then our interest will be to check continually at what distance we are from the other bot and accordingly set the current speed of the bot .We could do it in two ways just be dumb and say if the distance is greater than the set-point and speed up, then we end up either crashing into the bot of fall behind it based on the value we set to speed up or we can also check the proportional error i.e. the set distance current distance and then speedup the bot by setting a value to be multiplied by the difference in the distance.
Example for proportional control-
Bot is running at a pwm speed of 180
Set distance = 2 cm
Current distance = x
Deviation = x-2
Gain = 20 (this is decided by trial and error method)
If distance < 2
Pwm speed = pwm speed + (gain x deviation)
in the above example if the deviation is low the increase in speed will be less and if the deviation is more the speed will be increased significantly so the bot will behave better and avoid thing like ramming into other bots or falling behind . The proportional method works pretty well with a high sampling rate and a low settling time which is good thing.
P is proportional calculated error
E is the original error
Gp is the proportional gain constant
The 'I Part:-
The integral part is the accumulative error made over a set period of time (t); you might think why do we need the accumulative error over time? Lets take an example, suppose we are driving a car and want to keep it at the centre of the road. At a particular time we go a little to the right then we make the car straight by moving it a little to the left then we get the car to be straight but it might not be at the centre accumulating a minute constant error which after some time when added to the code will get the car to the centre as it grows in number. This could be quite tricky to implement and has a higher settling time also will need a slower sampling rate so as to make it have only small changes and doesnt accumulate to a fairly large quantity. The integral control improves steady state performance that is when the value is fairly consistent but doesnt suit ever changing values.
Ei Sum of all previous error.
Gi is the integral gain constant
The 'D Part:-
The derivative part is the rate of change of error i.e. the difference in the errors as time proceeds For example, the error was C before and now its D, and t time has passed, then the derivative term is (C-D)/t. The advantage of the derivative part is that it prevents sudden changes from happening but could also slow down the entire process if not used wisely but along with the integral part it will work wonderfully if tuned correctly. You can use the timer on the microcontroller to measure the time .There exist no D-only controller.
E= (Et1-Et2)/t2-t1 i.e. the difference in value by time difference
Gd is the derivative gain constant
The whole thing put together should be
Error = P+I+D
This error should be added to the value you are controlling
Sample rate: -
This is the rate at which the readings are noted i.e. How many times a second are you scanning the sensors per second. A good sample rate will be around 10 to 50 times a second. Strictly speaking it once its above 10 it really doesnt matter much for general robotics but the higher the better and keep in mind that sampling rate matters much when dealing with PID
PID doesnt guarantee off the box results the code requires constant tweaking based on circumstances once tweaked correctly will run exceptionally
PID algorithm has some settling time so it will take a few seconds before the bot starts to perform well.
Some applications may require using only one or two actions to provide the appropriate system control. This is achieved by setting the other parameters to zero. A PID controller will be called a PI, PD, P or I controller in the absence of the respective control actions.
Once you have equations for the PID component functions, the next step is to obtain parameters for the PID equation. Because the selection of parameters depends on the physical characteristics of the system, there is no stock set of values that can be applied to every implementation. Instead, the parameters for the equations must be tuned to the particular platform they are intended to control.
The following procedures can be applied when tuning PID values
i) Analytical:-we can set the values based on theory and circumstantial calculations
ii) Trial and error :- set random values and keep tweaking the values until desired behaviour is achieved
When tuning PID first set the speed to a low value and continue increasing along with retuning the values.
When using a PID algorithm a sample rate can be a issue which causes inconsistency just keep playing with the values and try to get the highest sample rate possible keeping the bot follow ideal behaviour
When going for competition robotics keep in mind the settling time of the PID algorithm the less the better
Though PID works well in controlling errors dont try to make a 100 rpm and a 300 rpm motor move in a straight line it just wont happen.
If the error can be reduced physically then dont be lazy DO it!
PID for line followers
So, in which aspects of a microcontroller can we use the PID algorithm? Every aspect of it! Form the sensor readings to motor control having PID on everything would be a tough thing indeed but once you get the hang of it your line follower will the best and when having PID running on your bot the more number of sensor you have on your bot the better so that by the time the bot responds at least one of the sensor detects the line
Sensors interfacing:-
We should assign an error value for each of the sensor for the PID to be effective
Consider we have 5 sensors
The sensors
00100 Error value = 0
01000 Error value = 2
10000 Error value = 5
00010 Error value = -2
00001 Error value = -5
When setting the error value we notice that by setting the error value to the farthest sensor high we will get aggressive response when that error goes up into the PID control code the value goes too high we should take it into consideration and adjust the value
Before going to motion control well need to know a bit about encoders. Wheel encoders are devices that allow one to measure the precise speed or distance a wheel travels. Depending on the type of encoder used, it may be possible to determine the direction of movement. These are helpful for precise movement, allowing a robot to turn exact angles or move exact distances. Wheel encoders can provide information for odometry and be utilized in localization problems. There are many types of encoders but the main one going with robotics are optical encoders. Encoders can be used to detect things like direction, angle, distance travelled etc for more information refer http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotary_encoder
Motion control:-
It is better to have encoders on fast line followers to know the actual speed that the motor is running at so as to minimize the possible error which can make the bot totally miss the line. A common control mechanism, for small robots, is to control the velocity of a motor. On a typical robot, differential drive is used for steering. In order to go straight both motor shafts have to be turning at precisely the same rate (and the wheels have to be the same diameter as well). With an encoder one can count how many clicks have gone by in a period and uses that as an indication of velocity. The error between the velocity set point and the actual velocity is used to control the power levels to the motors. Using the PID controller this can be done highly efficiently and accurately.
Putting Everything Together
Ok, so now lets put everything together. Lets assume we built a line follower robot and are implementing PID for it.
Specifications (taken in general point of view)
6 Sensors
10 Bit ADC
8 Bit PWM
Gear motors
Incremental optical encoders
We are applying PID for the sensors and wheel encoders. Lets first consider the sensors generally we use analogue sensors for the line followers here we need to consider the readings of the sensors it is quite common that all the sensors dont give us a single values to proceed with hence we come in a different approach let us a separate function to read all the sensors and give us a single value so that we can implement the PID algorithm easily let us take the values from all the six sensors and set them to a range of -25 to 25 Then we can set everything correctly the set point should be zero that is when the line lies in the centre then 10 when under an extra sensor right and 25 when to the rightmost sensor similarly -10 when under an extra sensor left and -25 when to the leftmost sensor . Hence the set point should be ZERO. Now coming to the P, I, D for P and D the E will be same (you can refer to the formula once again) where as for the I term the E is the integral for all the previous errors. all you have to set is the Gain constants for the P,I and D while calculating the gain constants the resolution of PWM on your microcontroller should be taken into consideration in this example I took it to be 8 Bit so the value would range from 0 255. Now we should decide the set speed this is also tricky you should get a good response from your bot therefore you should get motors of higher RPM than you require and set the PWM speed to 150 so we can get a change of 100 to nullify the error .After deciding these values now you should go for the gain constants the highest should always be for the Proportional constant then the derivative constant and last the integral constant. The maximum change we can make is 100 so even the error should not exceed 100 and without the error going into the PID loop itself the error is 25 so the maximum gain constant used is 4 (25 x 4 = 100) but we again want to further divide the maximum gain constant among Gd Gp Gi so as I previously told we would want the gain constant for proportional value to be high so we set it to 2.5 then derivative to 1 and integral to 0.5 now we need to keep tuning these values until we get the best behaviour from our line follower it is advised to have these values read in the start so that we dont need to connect it to a computer every time we need to change the values.
General Tip: - set the proportional value to around 60% to 70% of the change we can make
I have covered most of the aspects but many have been simplified finally here we end the PID Thingy


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U.S. Equal Employment
Opportunity Commission
Popular Banquet Facility and Country Club Routinely Harassed Female Employees, Refused to Hire Blacks and Sued Victims as Retaliation, Federal Agency Charged
CHICAGO – A popular Hickory Hills, Ill., banquet facility and country club will pay up to $690,000 to settle two lawsuits, charging sex and race discrimination and retaliation, brought by the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC), the agency announced today.
Federal District Judge Rebecca Pallmeyer has entered a consent decree resolving the two lawsuits against Chateau Del Mar, Inc. and Hickory Properties, Inc., known as Hickory Hills Country Club. Under the decree, the defendants are required pay $590,000, including attorneys' fees, to a class of women who endured a sexually hostile work environment and retaliation, and, in addition, up to another $100,000 to African American applicants who were denied hire because of their race.
In the government's first suit, filed on March 25, 2008 under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the EEOC alleged that the principal and manager of the facility sexually harassed a class of women employees over a period of years and refused to hire African American applicants. Female employees were called derogatory names and belittled as well as enduring sexual advances and, in some instances, physical assaults, the EEOC said.
Shortly after three of the women filed their own private federal lawsuit for sex discrimination on October 24, 2007 (captioned Curry, Knable, & Raddatz v. Chateau Del Mar, Inc., Steven Gianakas, and Hickory Properties, Inc., No. 07 C 6021), Chateau Del Mar and Steven Gianakas sued them in Illinois state court. Their seven-count complaint alleged a wide variety of claimed wrongs, including, but not limited to, physical and mental injuries, "tripping and pushing Gianakas," breach of fiduciary duty, and destroying property. (Chateau Del Mar and Steven P. Gianakas v. Knable, et al, Circuit Court of Cook County No. 2007L012463.)
An EEOC investigation determined that there was reasonable cause to believe that the women were sued because they exercised their federally protected rights to protest discrimination. The circuit court of Cook County dismissed the lawsuit Chateau Del Mar and Gianakas had filed. Thereafter, the EEOC filed a second lawsuit on September 22, 2008 against Chateau Del Mar for retaliation. The three individual private plaintiffs intervened in the EEOC's retaliation case, and all three suits were docketed as related cases before U.S. District Judge Rebecca Pallmeyer.
"This serious and ongoing harassment of women was unconscionable enough. Then these defendants made a bad situation worse by punishing the victims for engaging in protected activity," said EEOC Acting Chairman Stuart J. Ishimaru. "This kind of retaliation is plainly illegal, even if it is cleverly disguised as a supposedly legitimate lawsuit."
Both of the federal suits were resolved by a consent decree signed June 16 by Judge Pallmeyer and transmitted to the parties June 19. In addition to providing for monetary relief to victims, the decree will enjoin Chateau Del Mar and Hickory Hills from engaging in sex or race discrimination or retaliation, and require that they hire an independent monitor to accept and investigate charges of discrimination and train all of their employees on federal anti-discrimination laws. Further, Chateau Del Mar and Hickory Hills will be required to place an advertisement in the Southtown Star newspaper seeking job applicants who were rejected based on their race from March 6, 2005 to the present. EEOC will determine who is eligible for relief.
"These defendants have marketed themselves as a venue for family celebrations such as weddings and receptions and have enjoyed considerable patronage from the African American community," said John Hendrickson, regional attorney of the EEOC's Chicago District Office. "So the instances of discrimination in this case were particularly troubling. But we are cautiously optimistic that the consent decree spells the beginning of the end of on-the-job sex and race discrimination at Chateau Del Mar and Hickory Hills."
EEOC Supervisory Trial Attorney Diane Smason, who with Trial Attorney June Calhoun litigated the case, said, "The decree itself provides for monetary relief for victims of sex discrimination, and we now look forward to delivering appropriate compensation to individuals who come forward and identify themselves as victims of race discrimination."
The cases were filed in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Illinois and are captioned EEOC v. Chateau Del Mar, Inc. and Hickory Properties, Inc., No. 08 C 1720, and EEOC, Curry, Knable & Raddatz v. Chateau Del Mar, Inc., No. 08 C 5388. The individual plaintiffs were represented by Timothy Nolan of the Nolan Law Office.
Chateau Del Mar and Hickory Hills Country Club are part of the Hickory Hills Resort, which also includes Condessa Del Mar, another banquet facility in Alsip, Ill., and PGN Fun, a miniature golf course and arcade, also in Hickory Hills.
The EEOC enforces federal laws prohibiting employment discrimination. Further information about the EEOC is available on the agency's web site at www.eeoc.gov.


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This star rating is the opinion of the property owner only. A Self-Rated hotel has not been assessed by the AA or Visit Britain, whose official star ratings we use across LateRooms.com.
Ramada Cambridge - A14/M113 Self rated
Price FromView Rooms
- Very Good
- 715 guest reviews
"I booked a twin room.I expected 2 X 3-ft. beds. Instead we got 2-ft. 6 beds not great & didn't sleep very well. Not good when you drive long..."
"The shower gel bottle was empty which was annoying as didn't discover until in shower...."
"The greatest asset in this hotel is the staff! They are truly OUTSTANDING and everyone I met was willing to go the extra mile for their gues..."
"Friendly staff in 24h reception and nice looking hotel with free parking at the front of the property. Room was a 3 star with some buts... (..."
"My partner, 4 month old baby and myself stayed at the ramada for two nights as we were attending a wedding in a nearby village. When I booke..."
About the hotel
Just off junction 28 on the A14, only 6 miles from Cambridge City Centre, The Ramada Cambridge provides air conditioning throughout, free WiFi, free parking and 24 hour reception and a fully licensed bar. Offering 82 large fully air conditioned bedrooms with flat screen colour televisions and all amenities you would require for a comfortable nights stay. An ideal location if your looking at visiting Cambridge City Centre, Newmarket Racecourse, Duxford Imperial War Museum and great access to both the A14 and M11.
Stansted Airport is a 40-minute journey by car. For added value children up to the age of 12 years stay free of charge. We also offer discounts to Duxford Imperial War Museum where you will find a fun day out for all the family.
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- Car parking available onsite
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- Wi-Fi Available, Wi-Fi Available In Public Areas, Wi-Fi Available In Rooms
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- Restaurant, Bar
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- Gymnasium, Fitness Centre, [Channels] News
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- Disabled Access Public Areas, Disabled Access Bedrooms, Disabled toilets on ground floor, Wheelchair Access, Wheelchair Access To Reception, Wheelchair Access To Disabled Car Parking Spaces
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- The price shown is based on the occupancy and dates you have searched for. Prices and availability are subject to change based on the arrival date, number of nights and occupancy searched for. All prices are inclusive of all local taxes.
- Pets are not allowed
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Ramada Cambridge - A14/M11
I booked a twin room.I expected 2 X 3-ft.
beds. Instead we got 2-ft. 6 beds not great & didn't sleep very well. Not good when you drive long...
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The shower gel bottle was empty which was annoying as didn't discover until in shower....


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Roger Goodell the moron strikes again.
Think he'll succeed in making football an olympic sport?
You gotta be kidding me.
Roger Goodell the moron strikes again.
Think he'll succeed in making football an olympic sport?
Football an Olympic sport? How many games can be played within 2 weeks, Roger?
Kenny Britt is meeting with him today. Although Britt is a troublemaker, Goodell has the chip on his shoulder that he feels the need to counsel Britt personally.
18 games?
Eliminate kickoffs and punts?
Please leave the game alone and just do your job.
I remember how in another thread I warned that commissioner Goodnut was overstating his authority and that if Villma's charges against him were partially true then Goodell should be immediately terminated.
As I said then I don't trust this man. As one poster stated above this man as far as his running the NFL goes is a moron.
He is not a person of integrity at all. For me as a lawyer his deliberately destroying evidence in spygate said all you ever need ask about this man. He is a disgrace.
The fact that Godnut is willing to reduce Villma's suspension by that amount tells me that he has "no evidence" that would withstand legal scrutiny. He is a lawyer? No the man is a joke and should be fired.
For me he has been a total embarassment...
Good Grief!!!
Last edited by Charlie Brown; 08-06-2012 at 06:26 AM.
What is wrong with this? Unions and Management negotiate and get fines and suspensions reduced constantly in other sports.
To me this is showing some flexibilty, his highhandedness irked the players more than the punishments. I take the opposite tact.
Over punishing someone just because you can only to reduce the fines because a player takes you to court is insanity.
Think for a moment of those players who were accepting of their punishments now they realize that they to were taken advantage of.
Listen going to court under these circumstances isn't a negotiating tactic. The NFL through their own process said Villma's appeal was baseless and frivilous. This is what they told the world when they denied Villma's appeal.
Well guess what Villma sued the NFL for defamation which is extremely hard to prove in court when you are a public figure. And "Truth" in such cases is a total defense to Villma's charges; the fact that the league is now willing to show some "flexibility" tells me as a lawyer that the initial charges that they claim were so clear cut, are not, and they are back peddling.
You see Villma was saying in his appeal and now in his lawsuit "I wasn't involved in an organized bounty program, show me the evidence," the NFL through Goodell was saying up until this compromise "we know you were involved and we don't have to show you the evidence."
Well guess what?
Goodell's position and that of the NFL doesn't fly in a court of law. And the result is like MAGIC that now Goodell is essentially saying through this compromise "that well since you are asking for 'real evidence' against you that we can prove we will reduce the charges against you. Oh and by the way drop your lawsuit so we don't have to prove in court what we have said for months was true and without question the facts."
That is outrageous.
You don't level charges which suspend people for a year, ruin their reputation and potentially destroy a football operation unless you have "real evidence" against them which you know will stand up to independant scrutiny to do otherwise is simply not responsible behaviour.
Last edited by Charlie Brown; 08-06-2012 at 07:19 AM.
Goodell has shown a crack in his armor. That is what happens with bullies once they get hit back.According to the report, the NFL's offer was made on the condition that Vilma drop his defamation lawsuit against NFL Commissioner Roger Goodell.
The NFL knows that they punished the involved parties way worse than they should have (if they should have been punished at all).
It's one thing to reduce a fine and/or suspension, but another thing in response to a lawsuit.
I don't think he is buckling because of the suit, but because of the opinion of many that he is being to tough.
I think of it as more of making peace with the union and the players than Vilma personally. Like charlie brown has said, the union even told Vilma he does not have a shot in court of proving it. But in any compromise with the union, management needs something, in this case keep the NFL out of court. Just going to court is a black eye on the NFL PR wise. l
Why are you guys so mad that he changed his mind?
I think it's good that he stepped back and realized that a year was way too harsh for something that probably happens all the time.
UPDATE: NFL has reportedly NOT offered anything to Vilma.
Who is Vilma........
Last edited by Apache 51; 08-06-2012 at 04:15 PM.
Jonathon Vilma, Saints LB.
People seem to forget all the time that the Saints organization admitted to the bounties.


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|Blythewood, S.C.
|High School:
AS A SENIOR IN 2013-2014: Fall Singles: Record of 3-7 … took down Andie Mouzes of Sacramento in the Cal Nike Invite … won in straights sets against Anna Klavins of Cal Poly on Oct. 12 … defeated Lindsay Warren of USF 6-1, 6-2 on Nov. 8 … Fall Doubles: Played with partner Nicolette Wolny at the third spot, posting a record of 0-3 … Spring Singles: Competed at the No. 6 singles position for the Broncos halfway through the dual season … tallied a 0-5 singles record in duals … Spring Doubles: Went 0-2 with Nicolette Wolny … posted a 0-2 record with Stephanie Skaras at the No. 3 position.
PERSONAL: Daughter of Solomen and Irene Chesoni … both parents are physicans … has one older brother, Richard (24) … hobbies include playing the mandolin and tennis … volunteered at the YMCA and Morson Center for Autism in high school … career goal is to become a sports psychologist … majoring in psychology with minors in math and communications.


text:
20755 Surnames | 136316 Records | 2776 Reunions
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Photo #23176
Last Name: Lavelle
First Name : Ruth
Middle Name:
Subject's City:
Subject's State: PA
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Subject's Country: United States
Date: 1921-1940
Photographer's City:
Photographer's State:
Nee: Kebler
Type** : SNAP
Comments: Ruth Lavelle (Nee: Kebler) | PA United States | 1921-1940 | Comments: I picked this up in an Antiqe Mall in Woodbridge, Va. The maiden name could be Kehler instead of Kebler. There is a date of May 1st 1921 on the back. Also the way the name is written on the back it could be Ruth Kebler/Kehler and Lavelle could be a town in PA? This was with some other photo's with the following names from Pottsville, PA:Myrtle & Aunt Annie,Dorothy Lynch,Mary McDivett or McDevett CooperLottie Bogge or Boggs.
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text:
Let me start this review by getting a few things clear: I am not, or was not anyway, what I would consider a true audiophile. I also am not (or was not) much of a headphone user. All this changed when I got the chance to spend a couple months with the Sennheiser HD 238 Stereo Headphones. Have you ever had a toy or product that just made you giddy every time you got to use it, and you ended up loosing track of time because it was so enjoyable? The HD 238s have been that for me.
Not a true audiophile? Well, of course I am way more into and appreciative of fine audio equipment and high fidelity sound than most people, but so is just about everyone who is reading this right now. But I'm not one to coat the edges of the discs in my audio collection with green paint, if you get my drift. And when it comes to headphones, I think I'm more like non-hi-fi enthusiasts out there: I mainly use headphones for things like working out, traveling on airplanes or trains, and basically any time I want portable audio. As such, I've been a long time user of ear-bud headphones. A few years ago, I upgraded from standard ear-buds to a "nice" sound-isolating pair from Sony. I thought I had found the perfect set for me: tiny, comfortable, and they rejected enough sound that I could use them as earplugs when I slept on a plane. In contrast, the HD-238's are what are known as "on-ear" headphones, and while certainly not huge, and easily carried in a back-pack or purse, they are not tiny enough to fit in your pocket with your iPod Shuffle.
- Impedance: 32 ?
- Sensitivity (dB SPL): 114 dB (1 kHz/1Vrms)
- MFR: 16 – 23,000 Hz
- THD: <0.5% (1 kHz/100 dB)
- Weight: 286 grams (10.1 oz)
- Cable length: 1.4m (4.6ft)
- Sennheiser USA
The HD 238's are very nicely designed. They are light at 286 grams (10.1 oz) yet still feel solid and well put together. When I hold and look at the HD 238's in my hand, they definitely give me a sense of quality. The upper head band is adjustable for head size, and the ear cups rotate to sit comfortably on one's ears. The head band has soft leather covered padding, and the ear cups also have the same material on the inside part that touches your ears. The ear pads are very soft, and removable for replacement ear pads if the originals wear out or are damaged. Overall they are very comfortable to wear. I would leave them on for hours at a time while working at my desk, sometimes forgetting to take them off even after the album had finished playing. Aside from the quality of design from a functional perspective, they just look great: The HD 238's are all black and dark metallic gray, with a subtle yet distinctive white lettering on the head band, and a silver ring around the driver ports.
The ear cups are 2 ¾ inches (7cm) long by 2 ¼ inches (5.7cm) wide. The drivers feature neodymium magnets and lightweight diaphragms. Sennheiser rates the frequency response from 16 to 23,000 Hz, with a nominal impedance of 32 ?. Total Harmonic Distortion is reported as less than 0.5% at 1 kHz & 100dB. Given that these headphones are "optimized" for and marketed for use with portable audio devices like iPods, MP3 players, and portable CD players, the connector is a standard 1/8" audio plug. Sennheiser chose not to include a ¼" stereo headphone adapter which is required for use with most pre/pros and receivers. A black woven nylon carrying pouch with draw-string closure is included with the HD 238s. The pouch is very basic, and does not match the level of quality of the headphones themselves. I would have preferred something made of softer material, or at least lined with a softer material.
As mentioned earlier, the HD-238's are "on-ear" and also open-back. They therefore offer no sound isolation. For people who use headphones in noisy environments, these Sennheisers may not be the best for them. On the other hand, I found that the lack of sound isolation can sometimes be beneficial: while listening to some favorite music at home, I could still hear my wife call me, or the phone ringing.
In Use
Since Sennheiser claims these headphones are optimized for portable audio use, I started with my MP3 player, which is a Motorola Q9 phone. I don't generally expect great sound out of my phone when listening to music; it's more utilitarian for me than anything else. When I first sat down to listen to the HD 238s, I happened to have Dire Straights' "Sultans of Swing" greatest hits album loaded up as 192kbps MP3. The pure simplicity of guitars, bass, drums, cymbals, and Knopfler's baritone make track 1, "Sultans of Swing" one of my favorite demo tracks. Listening with the HD 238s, to this track that has been a favorite of mine for almost as long as I can remember, I was taken aback. I know this is a phrase that is used a lot in audio/video reviews, but I heard things that I had not heard before, even with my humble little MP3-playing cell phone. I immediately wanted to listen to EVERY disc in my collection, on every piece of source equipment in my house. I didn't get to every disc, but I did try some of my discs out on most of my sources.
The improvement over my old in-ear headphones I heard from my MP3 collection was obvious. I wanted to listen for finer details – those that the MP3 format would mask anyway. Moving away from MP3, I plugged the HD 238s directly into the headphones jack on my Sony DVP-S7700 reference DVD player, which is also a great CD transport. This was the shortest path from CD source to the Sennheiser headphones at my disposal.
My Telarc recording of Aaron Copland's "Fanfare for the Common Man" performed by the Cincinnati Pops and Erich Kunzel was next. Many audiophiles love to demonstrate their system with pipe organ music. Personally, I'm a sucker for timpani, and Copland makes good use of this percussion instrument. If you've never messed around with some timpani first-hand, you owe it to yourself to do so. There are so many overtones from timpani that are often lost in many recordings. Much of the timbre of the drum can be heard if you just lightly tap the skin, and listen for the higher-frequency overtones. When struck for a forte or louder dynamic, the primary sound dissipates and if the timpanist doesn't dampen the skin with his fingers, the overtones continue. Copland's "Fanfare" opens with three sets of three timpani strikes, each one a softer dynamic than the last. In the final three strikes of the opening, you get to hear the overtones of the drum quite clearly, if the audience is quiet, and you're near the front row (or on stage). The Telarc CD actually captures these overtones quite well, which I had forgotten – until I demoed the Sennheisers, that is. With my other headphones, and with my HT sound system, the overtones are there, and you can hear the drum passively diminuendo into silence. But you don't hear ALL the overtones. It just doesn't feel quite "right". When I listened with the HD 238 headphones, I was transported to the stage. I could nearly feel the subtle vibrations of the big brass drum. I was sold.
I spent the rest of my time with the HD 238s listening to many of my favorite CD's "again, for the first time." I also spent time trying out different connectors and sources, just to see what kind of differences I could hear, and if I could make any improvements in the signal chain.
If you are like I was, and only use ear-bud headphones for times when you need portable audio, and you have not invested in a pair of fine on- or over-the-ear headphones, you should seriously consider the HD 238s. I was overall blown away with their performance. I thought the carrying pouch was a little cheap, and I really would have liked to see a ?" to ¼" headphones jack adapter included. These headphones are so good, that you're going to want to listen to them from your main audio system, not just your MP3 player, so be prepared to go buy an adapter if you don't already have one. But at less than $140, these headphones represent a great value. They are a fantastic compromise between the performance of large, over-the-ear audiophile headphones (which are generally not very portable and can be quite cumbersome) and the convenience of tiny in-ear "buds" that come with most portable audio players. With the HD 238s, you will have a very fine pair of headphones that are very comfortable, and which you can take with you on the subway, or airplane, but that also make a fantastic upgrade for critical listening at home. Indeed, I fear that 2 months with the HD 238s has put me well on my way to tweaker-audiophile status. Now, where can I find some green paint?


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Photos: Black and orange foods we love
Good eats or strange looking fare? Your call -- but we've collected some colorful, tasty dishes (recipes included) that are black or orange or a variation of both. No matter the color the taste is sure to please.
Copyright © 2019, Daily Press


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Thursday, March 15, 2012
Bacon On A Diet
Well, I am not an expert on everything, so I can't tell you what other people can and can't do with bacon. But I *can* tell you that bacon is never, not ever, going "off the table" for me. And it's not because I adore bacon or it is my favorite food or I just "can't" give it up. No. It's not that at all.
It's because bacon is one of those very rare foods (for me) that
A) taste great
B) is low calorie, and
C) is not a trigger food.
I do not binge on bacon. Oh, I ate way, wayyyyyyy too much bacon back when I was on Atkins a decade ago, but that was because I had "permission." I ate it as a meal sometimes. Hey, it tastes good! But now (as in "over the past 4.5 years") I use bacon as a condiment. You know how some foods just make you happy? Bacon does that. One slice of bacon makes a so-so meal into a feast for me! It feels like 'normal' eating to me (I grew up eating bacon) and it also feels a bit indulgent when used in moderation.
I am aware that processed/cured meats are not the best for our health. In general I avoid that kind of thing. But let me tell you how bacon can save the day for me nutritionally.
A boring old salad turns into something I am eager to enjoy when I crumble one slice of bacon on top.
A bowl of cauliflower soup or sauteed green beans turns into an amazing comfort food with one slice of bacon crumbled into it.
Plain turkey burger wrapped in lettuce? Okay. Add a slice of crisp bacon? Heaven!
Low carb wrap with red ripe tomatoes and Romaine? Pretty good. Add a slice of bacon? Pure joy!
Seriously. A simple little thing like one slice of bacon can mean the difference between my feeling deprived and feeling truly satisfied. I think a breakfast of 2 eggs and some fruit is okay, but add a slice of bacon on the plate it and becomes one of my favorite meals ever.
I think we all have foods like that. And I think it is important to see the difference between a trigger food that calls to you and screws you over and a food that you love the taste of that enriches your meal but does not beg you to eat more. It is OKAY to have a slice of bacon, or a piece of cheese, or a square of dark chocolate if that is what works for YOU. I cannot do the cheese. But the bacon? I embrace. I ate it all the way from 278 pounds down to 214, stopped eating it for the most part on Medifast, and now am making it part of my life again. The key is moderation. The answer is finding things you like to eat that do not make you go over on your calories and do not drive you to want to eat more. Bacon, oddly enough, leaves me so satisfied that I don't want any more. The bacon I use is a pre-cooked, frozen, thin cut bacon by Hormel that has only 35 calories per slice. Where else can you get that kind of effect for only 35 calories?
Anyway, as I have looked over my menus to see what is working, what is not, what I should delete and/or add to my menus, bacon is a definite keeper.
28 comments:
Hear hear! Everything tastes better with a little bacon.
I've discovered that my post-dinner sweet tooth can be tamed with a strawberry smoothie. Sounds like a diet buster, but it's just yogurt and frozen berries blended together with a little vanilla extract and maybe a teaspoon of sugar. It's a treat, yet satisfying, and frankly much lower in calories than if I followed my usual post-dinner grazing routine.
We all have to find what works for us and accept that what works will probably be different for everyone.
- March 15, 2012 at 12:21 PM
- Lori said...
Let's hear it for bacon! I love it too.
All things in moderation. It would be an issue if you were eating whole pound for a meal, but a slice here and there. Go for it.
- March 15, 2012 at 12:46 PM
im commenting on this post b/c there arent any other comments so i want it to stand out. ;)
have you ever watched the movie fat, sick and nearly dead?
its on hulu.com for free.
it has inspired my huge butt to do something, and ive lost some good weight already.
just thought i would mention...
- March 15, 2012 at 12:53 PM
I totally agree - there's not a single food, in moderate portions, that will magically cause actual weight gain. It's just not physically possible.
A slice of bacon crumbled in soup, over a salad, stirred into scrambled eggs, etc. goes such a long way to add flavor and provide satiety. To me, it's similar to avocado (yes, I know avocado has other health benefits, but a slice of bacon here and there never hurt anyone) - I only eat avocado 1/4 at a time, mixed into salad, on a sandwich in place of mayo, etc. It truly can be the difference between "meh" meals and meals that are something to look forward to!
- March 15, 2012 at 1:08 PM
I don't know how to say this in the correct way. I suffer from this too, and often look for ways to make my meals more "indulgent" in a guilt-free way. I can see why the 35-calorie bacon works for that purpose. However (and again, I suffer from this myself), not every meal needs to be something "indulgent" or "comforting." A meal can be mediocre. I understand the feeling that you're not satisfied after a "mediocre" meal in the same way that you are after an "indulgent" meal (or a meal that feels "indulgent"), but in order to be truly healthy, we can't look for that kind of satisfaction from food!
- March 15, 2012 at 1:15 PM
- Dinahsoar said...
I too love bacon and one or two slices of it won't ruin anyone's diet or health. It is big on flavor and taste for a few calories. I did some posts on my blog in the Eat Bacon Lose Weight vein. Bacon is my secret weapon.
These days the media is going to try to convince everyone that bacon is a death sentence. It is not. And for every statistic they quote against bacon I'm sure you can find some that contradict.
Eating foods you love in small quantities--that help you reach or maintain your weight goals-- makes life enjoyable.
I love chocolate. There will always be those who tell me I shouldn't eat it. But I do. I eat it every single day. The key is to eat it in portions that support my goals.
So, eat your one or two slices of bacon and enjoy it.
- March 15, 2012 at 1:33 PM
I lose 150 pounds eating bacon. I'm now maintaining at 135, and yes, bacon is still a part of my diet.
People have weird superstitions about weight loss... I generally don't listen to them.
- March 15, 2012 at 1:44 PM
If it's that smokey flavor you crave and enjoy, whicmisuse do,Trader joe's makes an awesome seasoning called South African Smoke Seasoning blend. It is awesome and contains no nasty this and thats like bacon.
- March 15, 2012 at 3:01 PM
- illiterate said...
Anyone telling you that you shouldn't be eating bacon on a diet probably uses truckloads of diet condiments, eats those pre packaged 'lean cuisine' things, and thinks cardio is the be all end all of exercise. Re: has no idea what they're doing. Yell it loud and proud.. EAT REAL FOOD. There is no reason to eat overly processed bacon when they've got real stuff at pretty much every grocery store.
- March 15, 2012 at 3:25 PM
- KansasSunflower said...
I'm not a believer in deprivation diets. I'm almost at my goal weight and what has worked for me is finding what I LIKE within my calorie range, and what I'll stick with eating once I start maintaining my weight. Isn't that what it's all about? Not GOING ON A DIET but CHANGING YOUR LIFESTYLE? You like bacon, you know you're going to eat it once you've lost weight, and you've figured it out. Good for you! : )
I wish more people would be more common sense about "dieting"! People shouldn't be dieting at all, but changing their lifestyle! "Eat this", "don't eat that", really? They're going to live their ENTIRE LIVES like that?
Doesn't work for me. Not in the long run. Eat your bacon. : )
- March 15, 2012 at 4:17 PM
- debby said...
Yep, I agree. For 35 calories hardly anything can add as much flavor as bacon. I get the real bacon crumbles from Costco. But I like those pre-cooked slices too. Thanks for reminding me about them.
- March 15, 2012 at 5:23 PM
- Elaine said...
I disagree with what Anon said about how being healthy means not looking for satisfaction from food.
I've always been naturally thin, but I do have a problem with binge eating, and, as I age, I was just getting more and more unhealthy, overeating and indulging in candy.
Then I lived in a Mediterranean country for a few years...what a life-changer! People there INDULGE...in wine, fresh vegetables and fish, cheese, and yes, smoked meats. but the fatty, unhealthy stuff is a treat, a decoration, something eaten in moderation.
Here in the U.S., we are so overloaded with "treats" that they aren't treats anymore. That's what's bad for the health. Good for you, Lynn, for cherishing a food you love and enjoying it in tiny quantities. To me, that's the definition of a healthy relationship with food.
- March 15, 2012 at 5:39 PM
- Holly from 300 Pounds Down said...
The only issue I have ever had with bacon is if I got a package of it containing too much sugar. I am sensitive to sugar and refuse to eat anything with more than 4 grams of sugar in it per serving. Once I got some bacon that had a ton of sugar in it because I failed to carefully check the label. But other than that bacon is always at the top of my list. And it has helped me many times to feel satisfied. I get my bacon at sam's club fully cooked in a package. Even easier!
- March 15, 2012 at 9:18 PM
I agree with you. Some people act like bacon is on par with smoking. I say: get a grip.
One little slice of bacon is not going to hurt anyone.
- March 15, 2012 at 10:59 PM
- Diandra said...
There are no "evil" foods. Okay, except for soda - and some people might disagree with me on that one, too. ^^ I would say if you can eat and enjoy something in moderation, go for it.
- March 16, 2012 at 2:10 AM
- Julia Stambor said...
For over two years now, I´ve had a breakfast of two eggs sunny side up on top of two stripes of fried, thin-cut bacon. I haven´t had a case of the midmorning munchies since then, and I have lost a total of 65 pounds. The only thing to watch out for is whether there´s sugar in the bacon. I found a brand that doesn´t have any added sugars, and it works fine for me. The smoked salt that someone mentioned in another comment is great for giving a twist to stews and soups if one doesn´t want to use smoked sausages (fatty!) or something like that in traditional recipes.I use hickory smoked salt plus- you guessed it- diced bacon bits for those.The results are as satisfying to eat as the original, sausage-loaden dishes.
- March 16, 2012 at 3:56 AM
The impact on one's health from bacon is also highly dependent on what kind of life the pig lived before it became your bacon.
Pastured, organic, humanely raised/slaughtered pork that becomes all natural sugar free bacon is not even the same thing as a cheap-o carton of tortured, factory farmed pig that becomes a sugar filled hunk of highly processed bacon. Especially if you're eating it as a condiment, do splurge on the good stuff- for you, the environment, and the animals :)
- March 16, 2012 at 5:41 AM
- timothy said...
i was so proud i ate 1 slice yesterday instead of 1 pound! (no kiddin i can/have!) this so reminds me on grumpier old men and the bacon for breakfast bacon for snack bacon for lunch rant by burgess meredith! lolol just stick to it darlin you're doin great!
- March 16, 2012 at 6:43 AM
- Ruth said...
yes, and bacon can now be bought at organic markets and is nitrate (trite?) free..ahnd..(if I must say so) deelisheeus!--don't know the sugar content though.
- March 16, 2012 at 6:55 AM
- Lyn said...
Great ideas, all!
There was a little pastured meat market an hour or so away from me where they sold bacon from pigs on their family farm. I have a bit of it in my freezer for use in soups. I got it cheap by buying the "bacon ends and pieces" when it was on sale. It's thicker and irregular but awesome for use in soups and bean dishes! The place went out of business and I am looking for a new source for 'real' bacon.
- March 16, 2012 at 7:43 AM
- Amy said...
I agree with the majority here. Since I began the South Beach Diet over a year ago, my breakfast always includes two strips of turkey bacon. Not only do I love and look forward to my breakfast, but my triglycerides dropped more than 500 points on this diet! If you ask me, sugars are way more detrimental to our health!
- March 16, 2012 at 7:44 AM
Oh I hate bacon. But I think your attitude to this food is healthy. Good for you!
- March 16, 2012 at 8:04 AM
- Lindsey said...
Okay, I'm the one who made the bacon comment. Let me tell you, I love a good slice of bacon. And I'm not saying bacon is bad. The reason I wrote that comment is you are complaining about the fact that the scale is going up. And until you know why and get it under control, it is probably wise to eliminate foods that are delicious yet have no nutritional value. Nothing is "bad" in and of itself, but if you are worried the scale is going up, why tempt it with things that have fat in them? That's the only reason I said that.
- March 16, 2012 at 9:11 AM
- Vb said...
The Safeway "open nature" line has the best bacon...natural, uncured, no nitrates. Bacon is fair game (pun intended) on a paleo type diet.
- March 16, 2012 at 9:12 AM
- Lyn said...
You're not the only one :) There have been dozens! And I do understand where you're coming from.
My main course of attack for elimination at the moment is sugar and refined flour (and most packaged/processed types of stuff), and my next attack is going to be artificial sweeteners.
- March 16, 2012 at 9:29 AM
- julie said...
I eat bacon, pizza, even the occasional croissant, still losing weight. People can lose weight however they bloody well please, and I will too. Just look at the low-carbers - grains are very bad, sat fat healthy (I don't agree, but it works for many)
- March 16, 2012 at 11:00 AM
Lindsey, fat gain come from eating too many calories, not from eating fat per se. Nothing wrong with a slice of bacon (or even two or three) if your calories are in check. You could eat pure lard and lose weight as long as your in negative energy balance, plain and simple.
- March 16, 2012 at 11:58 AM
- Tammy said...
I LOVE BACON!!!:) Has to be crisp though.:)
- March 17, 2012 at 4:25 AM


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Processed general plan amendments and zoning for several residential developments, including Silver Creek Planned Residential Community of 1500 homes and golf course in the Evergreen hillside area.
About Matteoni
Matteoni, O'Laughlin & Hechtman is widely respected as one of the leading eminent domain (condemnation), land use, real property and
environmental law firms in California. Our specialized knowledge and extensive experience in these complex areas of law have allowed us to consistently
provide favorable results for our clients.
Founded in 1979 by Norman Matteoni — author of "Condemnation Practice in California"
Matteoni, O'Laughlin & Hechtman represents property owners, businesses and public agencies throughout California.
Named the top small (2-10 attorneys) real estate law firm in California by Super Lawyers 2013-2015.
We are also honored to receive recognition from the 2010-2016 U.S. News & World Report as:
"Best Law Firms – Metropolitan First Tier Litigation Eminent Domain and Condemnation Law"
"Best Law Firms – Metropolitan First Tier Land Use and Zoning Law"
Our office is in a historic 1881 building located in central San Jose.
Eminent Domain
We primarily represent the property and business owners, the client mix is diverse including publicly held corporations such as Hertz and IBM, smal businesses, farm/ranch owners, residential, commercial and industrial real estate owners and developers. We have handled several challenges to the government's right to take private property. But the the usual case addresses compensation for taking of real property and damages to land that remains, as well as loss of goodwill to businesses taken. We do select work for public agencies as well.
Land Use
We advise and process applications for clients on general plan amendments, rezonings, site approval permits, Williamson Act contracts and subdivisions, appearing before local governments throughout the Bay Area for various land use approvals, including residential, corporate campus, Quarry, landfills and recycling, golf courses, shopping centers to cellular towers. We also provide litigation services to defend or challenge the government action.
Environmental Law
We provide advice, advocacy and litigation services to developers, landowners and users on compliance with the California Environmental Quality Act.
Real Estate
Our practice includes the negotiation, review and drafting of commercial leases, purchase and sale transaction documents, and easement agreements, as well as litigation services for a variety of real property matters.
Norman E. MatteoniFounder and Managing Partner
Peggy M. O'LaughlinPartner
Barton G. HechtmanPartner
Bradley M. MatteoniPartner
Gerry HoulihanAssociate
Appellate decisions
California Supreme Court
LA County Metropolitan Transportation v. Alameda Produce Market,LLC (2011) 52 Cal.4th 1100:
Government's consent to withdrawal of deposit of probable compensation does not preclude the owner from making objection to the right to take.
Metropolitan Water Dist. of Southern California v. Campus Crusade for Christ, Inc. (2007) 41 Cal.4th 954:
The probability of rezoning and existence of severance damages are questions for the jury, not the court.
California Appellate Courts
City and County of San Francisco v. PCF Acuisitionco, LLC (2015) 237 Cal.App. 4th:
A public entity's settlement offer that was contingent on obtaining approvals from other government entities was unreasonable because it provided no assurance that owner's acceptance would result in settlement of the action. The owner was entitled to seek litigation expenses including attorney fees based on the unreasonableness of the conditional offer.
California Department of Water Resources v. PRI, Inc. et al (2014) __ Cal.App.4th __:
The right of entry statute cannot constitutionally be applied to permit extensive soil testing and borings and environmental surveys on private property; the appropriate process is a condemnation action for such tests and borings. [This decision has been petitioned to the California Supreme Court]
City of Stockton v. Marina Towers LLC (2009) 171 Cal.App.4th 93:
A city cannot proceed with condemnation of private property based on a resolution that does not properly described the public project for which the land is to be taken.
San Jose Parking, Inc. v. Superior Court (2003) 110 Cal.App.1321:
A Redevelopment Agency could not condemn a parking management agreement (personal property) to remove the parking operation for new development.
City of Carlsbad v. Rudvalis (2003) 109 Cal.App.4th 667:
Alleged damages caused by urbanization of the area around subject property and severed by the condemnor's road project are not recoverable, where the condemnatory act did not physically affect the remaining land on which flower growing nurseries were located. [Our firm represented the public agency]
Saratoga Fire Protection Dist. v Hackett (2002) 97 Cal.App.4th 895:
In a rapidly rising market, the demands of equity override a statute holding the date of value to the date of filing, where there is no deposit of probable compensation and even though the case is timely brought to trial within one year. In these circumstances, the date of value is the date of trial. [Our firm represented the public agency]
City of Hollister v. McCollough (1994) 26 Cal.App,4th 289:
where the condemnation laid out a new half street for general circulation and there was no benefit to the property owner's remaining land, the consequence of future dedication of the other half of the street constituted severance damage.
County of San Diego v. Rancho Vista Del Mar (1993) 16 Cal.App,4th 1046:
Land condemned for a county jail site cannot be valued on the basis of its use as a private detention facility, because a jail is a uniquely governmental institution for which only the government provides the market. [Our firm represented the public agency]
BFI v. City of San Jose (Waste Management Inc.) (1986) 181 Cal.App.3d 852:
The city's responses to comments by eight public agencies and one environmental group with regard to possible asbestos hazard and earthquake activity related to a proposed sanitary landfill was sufficient; and evidence supported the City Council's approval of environmental impact report for rezoning the site.
848 The Alameda | San Jose, CA 95126 | 408-293-4300
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How the Raiders offense is going to look Sunday against the Detriot Lions is taking shape, based on who is practicing this week.
In short, their offense likely will look much the same as it has the past month, with the notable exception of wide receiver Denarius Moore streaking back into the picture.
Running backs Darren McFadden (foot) and Taiwan Jones (hamstring), wide receiver Jacoby Ford (foot), defensive tackle John Henderson (knee), free safety Michael Huff (hamstring) and cornerback Chris Johnson (personal) are not practicing today, which makes it two straight days of their being absent.
Moore is running around, catching passes and doing everything else that the other receivers are being asked to do. Assuming he doesn't suffer any setbacks today from the foot injury that sidelined him the past three games, he is expected to play Sunday.
Center Samson Satele (shoulder) is working with the starting offense, which bodes well for his playing Sunday. Wide receivers Chaz Schilens (foot) and Darrius Heyward-Bey (heel) appear fine and ready to roll Sunday, too.
An official word on whether Sunday's game is sold out and televised has not been issued yet. The early word says, the game will sell out and be televised. The Raiders' first six regular-season home games sold out and were televised.
Follow me on Twitter: @corkonthenfl