text:
Faced with the knowledge that the stalwart money-maker is no longer in their corner, tobacco farmers who gathered for a forum in Smithfield, N.C., tried to look "beyond tobacco" to the future.
They kept coming back to pressing issues in the present, lamenting their loss while discussing the signup for the tobacco quota buyout and hearing about the problems of their burley brethren to the west.
At a farmer's forum hosted by U.S. Rep. Bob Etheridge, D-N.C., to gauge how the tobacco buyout signup was going and "looking beyond the period where we are at now," some 20 farmers sat at tables aligned in a square and voiced their concerns.
The congressman's staff took notes and North Carolina Farm Bureau President Larry Wooten moderated the meeting after Etheridge left the meeting due to the death of his mother.
"What's the next big hurdle?" came the leading question from the congressman's staff. The answer: Fuel prices and costs of inputs.
"We need some kind of assistance," said farmer Curtis Creech. "It's the cost of fertilizer, pesticides — everything goes up — while the price for everything is going down. They've got us over a barrel. Agribusiness people need to be curtailed about prices. Enough is enough.
"What are you going to do when farmers go out of business?" Creech asked rherotically. "There's got to be a stopping point. You think 1929 was bad. It's heading for a high-priced Depression."
Pointing to the planned Grain Growers Cooperative biodiesel plant in Mount Olive, Wooten said that renewable fuel sources are probably the best way to address the problem. "Gas prices are going to run us out of business. Net farm income could be down this year because of high fuel prices."
He believes state mandates that require use of ethanol or biodiesel are an excellent way to encourage the use of alternative fuel sources.
Turning the discussion toward immigration, Wooten said simply, "We don't have an immigration policy. Right now it's out of control."
Farmer Mark Wellon, who hires H2A workers, said the $8.24 wage per hour, plus housing and transportation costs are hurting his ability to survive.
Etheridge's staff members anticipate a bill, which will be introduced in the summer, would correct part of the problem.
U.S. Sen. Saxby Chambliss, R-Ga., who heads the Senate Agriculture Committee, and U.S. Rep. Bob Goodlatte, R-Va., reportedly have administration support for a bill that would address the wage rate issue. That will likely become part of a larger bill to address immigration at-large.
"Right now, there's a real disconnect on farm labor issues," Wooten says.
Wooten directed the talk toward trade agreements before the group again visited the tobacco buyout. The Farm Bureau president stressed the difference between "selling" and "trade." He stressed the need for "fair trade agreements" and said that by and large, the Central American Free Trade Agreement would be a boost for North Carolina producers.
"NAFTA has been great for North Carolina pork, poultry and cotton," Wooten says. "It's definitely not been good for textiles. Trade agreements are a two-edged sword for a state like North Carolina. We've got to look at trade agreements on a case-by-case basis."
Asked about the effects of the buyout, farmers in the group chimed in, "Some are staying in; some are getting out; and some are diversifying."
In some counties, more than half of those who grew flue-cured tobacco last year won't produce a crop in 2005.
To the west in North Carolina's burley country, farmers are facing the reality of misunderstanding regarding the buyout legislation. Many growers were under the impression that they would be paid based on their 2002 effective quota. But the payout is being based on the effective quota produced. The payments are based on the amount of risk in the production in the years 2001, 2002 and 2003.
"In burley in North Carolina, there's a real issue," Wooten told the group of eastern North Carolina farmers. "They've had three years of disaster. For a lot of them, the buyout money could be 20 percent to 25 percent less than what they expected." Farm Bureau is working through U.S. Sen. Elizabeth Dole's office and the USDA to see what can be done, Wooten says.
One farmer in the group claimed that farmers were misled about which years would be used to figure the payments. "2002 was a good working number to base it on."
Signup for the tobacco quota buyout at Farm Service Agency offices runs through June 17.
"What are we going to turn to?" one farmer in the crowd asked to no one in particular. "How do you take the buyout money and invest in tobacco? When do you cut back and how do you cut back?
"We might need to throttle back for a year or so and come back in a few years," an older farmer said.
Asked for his thoughts on the first year of change after the tobacco buyout, Charlie S. Batten of Johnston County seemed to sum up the night: "I'll tell you the 31st of December. Other than that I would be speculating. I've got more questions than answers."


text:
General-at-Sea Robert Blake 1599-1657
Robert Blake was the most distinguished admiral or general-at-sea during the Commonwealth period following Parliament's victory in the English Civil War.
Blake made his name during a series of sieges during the war. In April 1644 he took command of the town of Lyme Regis in Dorset. Supplied by the Parliamentary navy Blake conducted a successful defence for three months until relieved by the Earl of Essex. The following month Blake led his forces against Taunton, an important Royalist communications centre, and captured it. He resisted three Royalist sieges and held Taunton for a year until the siege was finally lifted in July 1645.
In 1649 Blake was appointed general-at-sea and undertook operations against Prince Rupert's Royalist fleet. He followed Rupert to Lisbon in Portugal and then Toulon in France eventually forcing him into the Atlantic. Two years later Blake captured the Royalist bases on the Isles of Scilly and the Channel Islands.
The First Anglo-Dutch war began in May 1652 and Blake fought a series of battles against the famous Dutch admiral Marten Tromp. He won decisive victories at the Battles of Kentish Knock in September 1652 and Gabbard in June 1653. Blake was also largely responsible for improved naval tactics brought together in the Fighting Instructions, which were employed by the English fleet in 1653.
England went to war with Spain in 1654. An important part of England's naval strategy was to capture the Spanish bullion fleet, the flota, sailing from the Caribbean back to Spain. In March 1656 Blake led a fleet to try to intercept the flota. During the winter of 1656-1657 Blake mounted an unprecendented blockade of the Spanish coast which forced the Spanish to change their plans. Blake learned of the presence of the flota in the Canary Islands and destroyed it at the Battle of Santa Cruz on 20 April 1657. Unfortunately the bullion had been put ashore but without it Spain's finances were in ruins and she was forced to abandon plans to reconquer Portugal.
Santa Cruz was Blake's final and most famous action. His health failing, Blake died when his ship was in sight of Plymouth where a hero's welcome awaited him. Blake was buried in Westminster Abbey after a full state funeral.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
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text:
carlon Bethel College St. Paul. Minnesota November 8. 1974
A winning
season for
(se·e page ten)
o'n the insi,de-
Malachi 4:2
Public Action Committee plans
Project Fifi lor Honduras
see page five
Campus Pastor positio,n
nee,ds re-evaluation
It's time to re-evaluate the position of Campus Pastor
on this campus. As a direct result of the growth of this
college, both physical and spiritual, we feel the position needs
to be thought through again.
The Campus Pastor has traditionally been appointed by
President Carl Lundquist. In this respect, the Pastor has been
directly responsible only to that office. Isn't it time that
students and faculty exert more responsible concern for the
importance of this role of spiritual lead'ership? Isn't it time,
in light of the recent resignation of Maurice Lawson, that
student and faculty input should be felt in the choice of a
new man for this post?
Perhaps the idea of having a "pastor" for a "campus"
is no longer even valid, now that we are this large. Are we
a church to need a director of our religious services and administrate
the function of chapel? Or are we an academic institution
of young Christians, in need of a chaplain to coordinate
religious activities on campus and spend more time
giving counsel to searching young minds? We would prefer the
initiation of the latter role. This is not to intimate that
Pastor Lawson has not served responsibly in the post of
Campus Pastor; on the contrary, we feel this is an inherent
weakness in the nature of the position itself.
Since it is the College Chapel Committee, composed ,)f
students and faculty, which must work with the Campus
Pastor, it may be appropriate if this body was consulted
in the decision.
At any rate, highly informed sources have told us that
a Campus Pastor "search committee" is being formed and
that this committee will be open and solicitous of studentfaculty
input. Nothing could please us more. We'll be watching
the committee with great anticipation.
Lasting beauty
and value e ~t~d.tJ~
... D~monct. clrd W.Q£{d~ rU1q~
~iqnld, -m ~ d ~r.t~.
... ~~({Jl., i6 om.!r Or ~ ~ r.tdCt~
- aL(Qdi~ d~.stuct6tt
CoRNELIUS JEWELERS
Suite 300
Physicians & Surgeons Bldg.
Nicollet MIll .t 9th Street
Minneapolis, Minn"(;t.
[ here we stand 1
by Bob Moeller and Steve Harris
As we write this column, it is hours before the first
ballot of Election '74 will be counted. By the time you read
this, the validity of pre-election predictions, Democratic (wildly
optimistic) and Republican (mildly apologetic), will have
been weighed against the returns of reality. Whether or not
many of us care, evidenced by an assumed low voter turnout
across the United States, is questionable.
What is not questionable, and what is most ironical,
is that the politician hurt most in the last six , weeks of
campaigning was not even running for office. His name is
Gerald Ford and he is President of the United States.
President Ford will now face Congress in a considerably
weaker position than he has yet experienced. Whether or not
the Democrats reached that ethereal goal of a veto-proof
Congress, a goal which many of them, including Sam Ervin,
admitted would not be beneficial to the country, this 94th
Congress will view the President in a different light. The
honeymoon between Ford and Capitol Hill of last August,
aged incalcuably by the Nixon pardon, is now, thanks to
Ford's campaign tactics, a marriage on the rocks.
What exactly were those tactics? Described most succinctly
by Democratic National Committee Chairman Bob Strauss
President Ford "resurrected the Nixon-Agnew rhetoric of
1970," a rhetoric which has no place in an America racked
by bi-partisan economic woes and calls for belt-tightening.
The sting of the President's remarks was all the more painful
in that he himself has been calling for national support
of his WIN policies, a support which he hoped would be
devoid of political affiliation. But then, on the campaign
trail, he warned that some Democrats "would spend the dome
off the Capitol building if elected," and others were "a
threat to world peace." The hypocrisy in Ford's statements
was perhaps unintentional; the impact it will have on Congress
will nevertheless be felt.
Inwardly, most Americans are now seeking a spirit of
reconciliation. We need it. It has been a rough two years,
and according to a recent CBS News opinion poll, eight out
of ten Americans believe things are going to get worse before
they get better. Obviously it is a time for cool heads,
reasonable discussion, and responsible leadership. The Amer-continued
on page four
e carlon Published weekly by the students of Bethel College
Judy Harrington editor
Pamela Schultz copy editor
Steven Harris news editor
Curtis Kregness production editor
Duane Turner photography editor
Peter Enchelmayer business manager
Letters to the editor should be
sent to the Clarion, P.O. 91.,
by the Monday preceding
Volume 50, No.9
.Gentle Spirit:
Group sings for
Christian growth
by Carla Hage
"Let's be honest. There are lots of
people in our churches today whose Christian
commitment is nominal. Gentle
Spirit seeks to challenge these people
to renew their commitment to Christ,"
stated Dan Peterson, director of Christian
want to communicate a positive message
of the Christian life through their music."
Gentle Spirit started last year as a
group of freshmen music majors getting
together to sing for fun. "After awhile
we asked what sense there was in just
using it for ourselves," explained Dawn
continued on page seven
In contrast to musical groups who-play
primarily to non-Christian audiences and
emphasize evangelism, Gentle Spirit usually
performs for area church congregations
and. deals with building up the
body of believers. Dan continued, "They IIPraise!' reioices on stage in concert Saturday night.
Festival of Joy entertaining but
_ musically disappointing . I
by Dav..e McSparran
I think of music as an art and its
being so implies the existenc~' of some
objective criteria for determing its goodness
or badness. Not that the criteria
which judges one form of music applies'
to all forms, but there must be some
sort of objective standard. Every style
of music has a different purpose and
the criteria by which it is judged is
in part determined by that purpose.
The music of Gentle Spirit, if its purpose
is merely entertainment, is reasonably
successful, at least for a non-musical
audience. However, if its purpose
is to demonstrate the creative power
of the human mind, or ultimately the
creative power of God, who gave humans
this artistic creativity, it fails miserably.
The music performed Saturday night by
Gentle Spirit reflects the shallow, commercial,
televisionesque mentality that
is unfortunately characteristic of so much
of contemporary Christian music.
This criticism is not aimed at . the
group or at its performance. Its pitch,
blend, and balance were for the most
part, good. My criticism is of the material
itself, and of the poor taste shown
in selecting and arranging it.
The problem with _ the material is not
that it is unpleasant to listen to. On
the contrary, it is very easy to listen
to and quite pleasing to the ear. But
to derive sensuous pleasure from music,
though there is nothing wrong with it,
is the' shallowest form of appreciation.
It requires almost no mental effort on
the part of the listener, almost in the
same sense that television allows the
viewer to put his mind into a sling,
as it were, and allow it to wither.
We are made in the image of God,
and one of the most important aspects
of that image is the mental capacity
to create and to appreciate creation,
particularly in the area of fine arts.
To exercise this capacity is to manifest
our God-likeness, thereby ultimately to
glorify God.
The basic desire of Gentle Spirit to
glorify God' is commendable, but their
arrangements of both potentially valuable
and worthless material only demonstrate
an apparent lack of creativity and taste.
The other musical group that performed
Saturday night (Praise) performed
almost all 'original material, which shows
, some genuine creative effort and musical
understanding. Though some of their older
material contains an excess of musical
gimmickery and shows a lack of
cultural roots.~ their newer compositions
show that the group is maturing and
taking on a real character ' of its own
and a positive sense of direction. The
new material gives the band a · unique
and personal musical flavor without denying
the roots from which it sprang.
A problem, however, with this type of
music is that 'it demands technical excellence
in performance.
Though the compositions are very 'exciting,
often the performance of them does
not do them justice. The rhythms are
often very syncopa ted and very fast,
and the result is often very sloppy and
noisy. The drums and "vocals are usually
too loud, and the bass and piano are
usually too soft. The result is that the
overall sound is not always clean and
full, but often noisy and empty. The
sparkly, brilliant sound expected from
a horn section seems like it's not quite
there, and pitch problems are not uncommon.
The group's lively stage presence, however,
generates excitement despite the
technical difficulties. It's obvious that
they enjoy their music and want to
glorify God with it. The highlight of
their performance was a piece called
"Joy." Though not one of their best
compositions, the song is exciting and
fun, and drew the largest response from
the audience. The most important quality
of the group is that they are using
the creative potential that God has given
them. They , are expressing themselves
and their relationship to God through
music that is unique and meaningful.
I sincerely hope that the negative comments
contained in this review will not
be , taken as hollow 'criticism, but as
an exhorta don to Christians to sharpen
and develop their musical tastes, and
to view music as a noble and valuable
art form, and not as merely a means
of "communicating the gospel" or as
television-like entertainment.
[ ourtickle
by Mol't, Leaf, and Andy
Bethel College Interim is an opportunity to engage in
courses of'study to expand your educational experience and. a
time to broaden your ever-maturing knowledge of the world
around you. The courses offered for you to pursue have been
carefully selected, but for reasons of a larger enrollment
and a somewhat limited number of course suggestions, the
Registrar has decided to open up several more course offerings
to be included in this 1975 Interim term:
ART Basic Erasing
Instructor - Art Gum
An introduction to the art, techniques, and potential of
erasing. Students will study some of the great erasers of
the past and some of the traditional modes of these great
men. Students will erase one major work of art, with emphasis
on the pre-Romantic portraits.
Categories~reativity Prerequisites-Sketching I
Enrollment Limit-25 Meeting Time-A and-or C
Expenses-$.39 Grading System-P-N
BIOLOGY A Study 'Of Poisonous Plants
Instuctor - Euell Gibbons
Did you know that poison ivy makes a delicious ' tossed
salad? This course offers you practical experience in the
breeding, caring, identification, and eating of poisonous plants.
, Prerequisites-First Aid and Health, Scratching I and n
Enrollment Limit-30 Meeting Time-A and-<>rC
Expenses-Medical Fees
Grading Systems-LoN (Live or not live)
EDUCATION Advanced Monitoring
Instructor-Stud E. Hall
The student will gain practical experience in study hall,
washroom, and lunchroom monitoring. He will learn to distinguish
between the various fragrances of smoke, will learn
how to apply sawdust to lunchroom mishaps, and will learn
how to wake up sleepers' in study hall.
Ca tegories-Discipline
Prerequisites'-Jr. High Diploma EnrollmeJ!.t-2
Meeting Time-9n school days when children are present
Expenses-Aspirin and Rolaid cost
Grading System~NO PASS-HALL PASS
ENGLISH Study 'Of 12th Century Bathroom Graffiti
Instructor- John Stall
An introdUction to the form, content, and literary development
of bathroom graffiti. Class sections will: (1) examine
the classical and European background of bathroom graffiti;
(2) analyze the elements and determine the place of graffiti
falcon Heig'hls Pharmacy
1707 N. Snelling Ave.
(Darpenteu!l" at Snelling)
9 A.M to 10 P.M. Daily
(including Sun.)
• Free prescription delivery to Arden Hills campus
• We cash checks for Bethel students with 10.
in the American culture. Emphasis will be placed on Bacon,
Hemingway, Yates, Pope, Hawthorne, Emerson, Lake, and
Ga tegories-Vnconcern-<>riented
Meeting Time-None
Grading System-None
MUSIC . An Introduction to Cave Man Rock Music
Instructors-JuIius Whitinger and Robert Berglund
A study of prehistoric rock music as we will delve into
the various modes of this music and will study the different
strata of rock music by soft, hard, and acid 'rock
tests. We will learn to scale rock formation, such as base
and treble cliffs. This course is designated for both ' the
music major and those who just take rock music for granite.
Prerequisites-Geology, Church Music
Meeting Time-Midnight (Special)
Expenses-Field Trips to Rock Concerts
Grading System-A, 13, C, D #
CHEMISTRY Chem Lab Safety Techniques
linstructor-Dr. Buns N. Burner (Lab Assistant--Miss Hap)
Students will study some of the significant chemistry lab
accidents in recent history and will be required to exper-ience
some basic chern lab hazards themselves, such as third
degree burns, the removing of hot, broken, glassware from
the arms, and eye failure due to late night lab write-ups.
The final exam will consist of reassembling your lab partner.
Ca tegories-Molar Concentrations
Prerequisites-Introduction to Liberal Arts,
Organic Theology I
Enrollment Limit-'6.023 x 10:23
continued from page two
ican people want to believe that their President is after
these same gQals.
The problems of inflation, shortages, and corruption have
taken their toll on the morale of the American' spirit. We
cannot afford to have it further wakened by a President
who puts the interest of his own party above the welfare
of the people. It was this mentality of "my party is more
important than the people" that led us down the painful
path of Watergate. .
We are not accusing President Ford of such ' an attitude.
What we are aware of is that the mistakes he made
in his campaigning for RepUblicans during Election '74
must not be repeated. As he now faces an angry Congress,
he has no one to blame but himself.
Garnet/s Standard Service
LARPENTEUR and SNELLING
• 'complete service for your ,car
• friendly, courteous, conscientious
PAC sets 9'001: $5,000 for Honduras
by Mary Norton
The Public Action Committee (PAC) has announced its intentions
to help the hurricane-stricken Honduras through three
projects being planned. These projects include a marathon
basketball game, pancake breakfasts and a school-wide fast.
Headed up by Bob Moeller, sophomore seJ!ator-at-large,
the' PAC has submitted a bill and had.it passed in the Student
Senate. This resolution calls for student resources in
terms of volunteers and the planning of the recently formed
Public Action Committee to help alleviate the deyastation and
suffering in the Honduras area.
Bobbi Hersch, a freshman recently elected senator-atlarge
and member of the committee, stressed that a goal of
approximately ,$5,000 has been set for the entire year.
She said, "Hopefully, we will raise more money after Christmas.
But right now, because of the present situation in Honduras,
we need to raise as much money in as little time as
possible, with as little effort as possible."
Organization of the committee and its subcommittee~
will include mostly Senate chairmen from the Student
Association to head up the three projects.
Bobbi mentioned that "no dates have been set" for the
Moeller: we want to do '
something to help those.
who a re now sufferi ng
Bob Moeiler, a sophmore from Richfield, Minnesota, is chairm~
n of the Public Action Committee. In a recent CMRION
INTERVIEW, Moeller talked about the PAC.
C: What 'exactly is the Public Action Committee?
Moeller: Although this might have bad connotations, I see
it as a type of social action committee.
C: Where is its place in the Bethel communit,?
M: We've got a Christian Service Department to take care
of our spiritual outreach needs at Bethel but we also need
a group or a committee to take care of the physical and
material needs of people outside of the Bethel community.
That's not to say that · this kind of program isn't an effective
C: What actual projects bas your committee been involved
in this ye,ar?
M: We sponsored a voter registration drive which we saw
as a way to inspire the social consciousness of Bethel students.
On November 11th ' we'll be having the Blood Drive,
and then there is Project Fifi coming up~
C: What exactly is Project Fifi?
M: Around September 20, Hurricane Fifi hit in the Honduras
area of . Central America. It left thousands of people..
dead and even more than that homeless. Now they're having
tremendous problems with disease and lack of food · and medical
supplies. Vfe wal'lt to do something to help those who are
now suffering.
continued on page six
three projects, "but it looks like the pancake . breakfasts
will be first."
Some preliminary planning has also gone into the marathon
basketball game. According to Bobbi, "The teams wili
include students, and possibly' faculty. Sponsorship will probably
come from churches which will pledge financial support.
"We have sent letters out to conference churches of all
states," said Bobbi.
Some problems may surface in organizing the fast because
of the use of food cards instead of coupons. But PAC
hopes to work out details with the food service soon.
When asked why PAC isn't considering a concert to raise
funds like last year's Paul Stookey concert for African Relief,
Bobbi replied, "It's possible, but we would have to start
now to plan for a concert next spring. Time is important.
Honduras needs the money now."
Other members of PAC include: Jean Barker, Dean Johnson,
Ric Stewart, Kim Glenn, J 0 Ellen \Jessen, Gary Wright,
Tim Nelson and Darrell Lovins. .
Bobbi feels that this committee can really be effective.
"It's hard for us to imagine what it's really like in Honduras
now. Raising funds for such a project is something
I feel we can get excited about."
Bob Moeller
continued from page five •
c: How was Project Fifi set up?
M: We wrote to the Red Cross in New York and to the State
Department and asked for a list of non-governmental agencies
working with the hurricane survivors. We've received names
of over two dozen agencies already.
C: What's your chief concern regarding the chOOSing of an
ag;ency through which to channel your funds?
M: We want to make sure that our money will be spent
in a reliable manner. The money will be given in good
faith and we want to make sure it is spent that way.
C: Which agencies look most promising right n?w?
M: The top three are the National Association of Evangelicals,
the Medical Assistance Program, and the Red Cross.
We are going to submit those names to the Senate for the
final decision.
C: How would you answer the common criticism that ' most
money given in such projects gets lost in administrative
M: That's why we're concerned about the agency we go with.
I've told each company we've dealt with that they must
account to us how the money is spent. We're asking them to
produce an itemized list.
C: Wouldn't it be better to get involved in a localized
social action project?
M: We haven't recently had 10,000 people killed in the Twin
Cities. Also, it's important for the world to see who will
answer in time of crisis. If the Unitarians and the Seventh
"if you accept the teachings
of Christ as 'rules' for the
way you live . . . your reaction
to human need becomes a
central part of your life."
Day Adventists respond and Christians don't, well, the implications
are obvious.
c: How would you convince a Bethel student to get In·
volved in Project Fifi?
M: I've thought about that a lot. First, if you accept the
teachings of Christ as "rules" for the way you live your life,
your reaction to human need becomes a central part of · your
life. The judgment account ' in Revelation in which Christ
rebukes would-be followers of His for ignoring the world
around them, well, it disturbs me too much to just let it
go. Second, this is a way to battle the " clO.I ster mental it y "
of which Bethel students are occasionally accused.
C: Do you 'expect much support for Project Fifi?
M: Yes, I'm optimistic, because people are going to be ~otivated
to involve themselves. I think we can really be domg
the work of God in helping to alleviate some of the suffering
down there.
C: How will the fact that the African Relief Project was
a huge success last year affect your project?
M: We are not trying to repeat last year's performance;
neither are we in a "can you beat this?" type of competition.
I think it will help us because people will see that
such an idea can be successful.
C: How would yo sum up tire goals of Project Fifi?
M: I see Project Fifi as Bethel's celebration of Thanksgiving.
It.is a way to express "thanks" and to share the real
meaning of that word with others who are in need.
C.oming in two weeks
Guys, games; and 9.rub: ·
it's Nik-Da,g!
by Dan Joling
It's that time again ...
Football's over, Thanksgiving is approaching, the leaves
are gone, and the thoughts of young ladies turn naturally
to .... Nik Dag.
A glance at the big weekend's activities scheduled for Nov.
ember 22-23 shows a bill of fare too exciting to be passed
up by any Bethel girl, especially if she possesses a drop of
Swedish blood.
In planning the weekend for the lucky fellow she chooses
to accompany, she can consider cheering the Royals on to
victory in a basketball game against the University of Minnesota-
Morris Friday evening. Following the game an ice
cream social is plan~ed, for those with energy enough to eat
after the game.
Saturday afternoon offers a chance for the Nik-Dager to
cultivate a Nik-Dagee's tastes, by taking him to a matinee
performance of The Crucible at the Guthrie Theater, where
200 seats have been reserved for Bethel students.
For tho~e preferring fresher air, picnicing at Taylor's
Falls (weather permitting) poses a pleasant substitute. The
view of the falls can make almost any girl forget the work
put into food preparation. It's also a good place to hand a
fellow a pie .... or a cake ... or cookies.
Entertaining Saturday evening in a semi-formal concert
in the gymnasium will be Jerry Limpic and Mark Raybrun,
two Christian performers from California. Jerry Limpic is a
former member of Gabriel, which provided the entertainment
at last year's Nik Dag concert.
Any girl who finds the Bethel activities inadequate for
her Nik Dag weekend should check the campus coordinator's
office for alternatives around the Twin Cities area. Considering
the event and the availability of the 1974-75 rosters,
no Bethel girl should be date-destitute by Thanksgiving.
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cho'pel schedule
November 11·15
Monday: Ebenezer Sikakane and Abiel
Thipanyane, evangelists
from Zululand, South
Africa . .
Tuesday: Hbenezer Sikakane and A-biel
Wednesday: Worship in the Midweek"
G.etting a Hold of Yourself"
by Pastor Lawson
Thursday: "Choralerna," 40-voice
Swedish Gospel Choir
Friday: SMP presentation by summer
missionaries to New
England and Canada
* * * "Showtime, U.S.A.," the Bethel fall
pops concert, will be presented Friday,
November 15 at 8 p.m. It will feature
tunes from the outstanding musicals of
the decade. The pops concert is' sponsored
by the Bethel Women's Auxiliary, and
all proceeds go to Bethel. Refreshments
in a "side walk cafe" are offered at
the close of the concert. Adult tickets
$2, student tickets $1 (this includes the
food consumed afterwards.
* * * by Carla Hage
The last semester meeting of Veritas,
the philosophy club, will be November
12 and will feature Dr. Bruce Reichenbach,
Augsburg College, on the topic
"Immortality: Possible, Impossible?"
Dr. Reichenbach, chairman of the philosophy
department at Augsburg, is the
author of a forthcoming book on the
subject of immortality. He is also author
of the book, The Cosmological Argument
and has had several articles published
in various philosophical JOUrnals.
The meeting will be held at the home
of Paul Harris, 1006 Sixth St. S., Minneapolis,
and will begin at 7 :30 p.m.
' * * * ~ Edith Norberg's Carillon Chorusters,
a Twin Cities' children's choir distinguished
in international competition, will
be presentng a concert Monday at 7 :30
p.m. in the Bethel Seminary Chapel.
Sponsored by the Bethel College Music
Department, the concert is free and open
to the public. Refreshments will be served
afterwards, and Mrs. Norberg will
conduct a short question and answer period
with interested students.
Last summer, the Carillon Chorusters
took second place in the 28th Annual
International Musical Eisteddfod at Llangollen,
Wales. It was the first children'S
choir from the pnited States to place
in that contest, which included 2,000 competitors
from 30 different countries.
* * * CONGRATULATIONS! !! To Mom and
Dad Friberg (Edgren Dorm Parents)
on the birth of Sarah Lee Anne, a seven
pound baby girl, on Sunday, November
3, 1974. Who said girls never lived in
Edgren? '
continued from ,lag!! three
Harper. "So we went to Christian Service
and now we are using our talents
to serve the Lord."
Although some. of the original members
of the 'group have left since last year
and Gentle Spirit is no ' longer made
up of all music. majors, the group is
still centralized by their desire to sing
for the glory of God. The nine-member
ensemble includes Karen Aasness, Paul
Siemers and Paul Wood, vocalists; Dawn
Harper, Phyllis Buttner and Dave States,
vocalists and guitarists; Jennifer Cockrell,
flutist and vocalist; and Lyna Jane
Thompson and J ~ff Miller, vocalists and
pianists. '
Jeff commented, "Now that we have
got the notes learned and the music
down, we are starting to expand and
diversify our presentation." Besides performing
a variety of contemporary folk
songs, the group wants to incorporate
sing-along choruses, dramatic recitations
and testimonies into their program. "The
Lord gave us certain talents to express
ourselves and we can only serve Him
through them," Jeff said. "And we have
so many kinds of talent in the group,
we can really branch out now."
Bleed Monda'y
by Rhonda Dye
"It's a way to do something for someone
you don't know, a way to . show
love without expecting any in return,"
said Linsey Ericson, coordinator of the
Blood Drive to be held on Bethel's campus
November 11.
The Drive will be sponsored by the
American R~d Cross. It ' is the prime
blood supplier for the Mayo Clinic and
the University of Minnesota Hospitals.
American Red Cross workers will be
on campus November 11 conducting the
Drive from 9 . a.m. until 3 p.m. The
lobby near the gym entrance is the
location for the Drive.
Students interested in donating blood
can sign up for an appointment November
4-8. New Dorm and townhouse residents
can sign up for an appointment
with their R.A. Old campus students,
off campus students, faculty and others
can schedule appointments at the table
set up in front of the P.O.'s. Donors
can choose their appointment time and
should allow for 45 minutes to an hour
for the entire procedure.
Student volunteers will be needed to
assist the operation of the Drive. "We
can use people to help set up, type,
and help out wherever they are needed,"
said Linsey. Those interested in volunteering
their time can contact Linsey
Ericson (P.O. 457) or Lori Peterson (P.
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the Royals churned an offense of 417 yards • • •
continued from page ten
son, who had 271 yards. Rapinchuk scored three touchdowns
during the season.
Ken Coffman, a sophomore from Three Oaks, Michigan,
kicked three field goals, two of those Saturday against
Northland. Coffman was injured after he drilled a 30-yard
field goal in the third quarter, and was taken to Midway Hospital.
His first kick, in the second quarter, was good from
40 ya.rds out. -
. Although "the entire defensive squad deserves much
credit," Dave Klostreich, assistant coach for the Royals, mentioned
several outstanding individual efforts. In the defensive
backfield, senior Terry Karlsgodt distinguished himself consistently
throughout the ' season, twice receiving Bethel fOotball's
"back of the week" honors. Ward Anderson, Kevin
Hallstrom, Bruce Kaihoi, and Ron Sawtell were instrumental
in making several key interceptions as they maintained tight
pass coverage.
Interim in Israel:
live with Israelis, Arabs
by Carla Hage
Living with both Israelis and Arabs in Jerusalem this
Interim, 38 Bethel students will examine ' modern political
problems from both perspectives, as well as study
our Lord's ministry in the Holy City.
The students will spend 21 days in Israel under the
short term program of the American Insititute of Holy
Land StUdies. The Institute, established in 1957, is a nondenominational
organization that provides Americans in Is'
rael an opportunity to study under Israeli and Arab teach-ers.
The Institute is located on Mount Zion in Jerusalem,
overlooking the Valley of Hinnom. In this setting, students
can become thoroughly acquainted with both the old and
new cities of Jerusalem.
Presently 38 students are pre-paid and prepared to
leave with Dr. Arthur Lewis on December 29. They will
fly to Paris and spend two days there. On January 1,
the group will travel to Tel Aviv. After 21 days in the
Holy Land, they will continue on to Athens, and spend four
days in the area studying and sight-seeing. Side trips
will include 'stops in Corinth and at the Delphi Oracle.
The Bethel group will then return to Paris for two more
days before f~ying back to Minnesota on January 30.
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The defensive line, composed largely of freshmen and
sophomores, performed well under pressure with relatively
little experience, said Klostreich. Doug Berg, Wayne Lavrenz,
Frank Bahr, Steve Joqnson, and Mike Otto formed the
nucleus of that group. '
Linebacker should be the Royals' strongest defensive posiposition
next year, according to Klostreich. Randy Brodeen
is the only linebacker who will be lost to graduation.
For six seniors, the Northland game was their last as
Bethel football players. Fred Witzgall, Dave Hoehl, Larry
Brandes, Terry Jenson, Randy Brodeen, and Terry Karlsgodt
will be giving way to a host of 1~ juniors listed on the
present roster.
Against Northland, the Royals churned up a total off~nse
of 417 yards. The Lumberjacks scored first on a sevenyard
run by Paul Kolesar, but Bethel came back to tighten
up the defense, stifling all further attempts to score.
Holine hit Walker once in each of the first three quarters,
and Coffman kicked two successful conversions, in addition
to his two field goals.
Srocce,r team f'inishes
seaso1n with a wi n
Bethel's soccer team Saturday edged Gustavus Adolphus
College 2-1, finishing the season with a substantial record of
seven wins, five losses, and two ties.
Steve Jergenson, one of two seniors on the team, said that
lack of experience put the Royals off to a bad start (they
lost three of Ute first five contests), but by mid-season they
had sparked a five-game winning streak. The other senior
on the team was back-up goalie Jeff Snicale.
Next year's squad, with the combination of depth and experience,
should improve and provide some tough competition
along the way, Jergenson said. Leadership for the 1975
season will be provided by upcoming seniors Tim Leafblad,
Dave Mortenson, Hideo Nishihata, Alan Vogel, and Teferi
Peter Wilson scored the last two goals of the season
against MIAC second-place Gustavus. The first resulted from
a penalty kick, and the second came on a soft, but wellplaced
boot by Wilson that caught the Gustavus goalie offbalance.
"In the second half the Gusties really put on the pressure,"
Jergenson said. Bethel's stingy defense held up,
however, and allowed only one goal, clinching the game for
the Royals, 2-1.
Long hair is in ..
let us shape it.
FOR APPOINTMENTS phone 646-2323
1713 N. Snelling
Soccer Captain Steve Jergenson iuggles his feet in recent game.
A place to work out Christian '
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community of scholars
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an independent graduate faculty
adjacent to the University of
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A confrontation with twentieth
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Anne Frank
moves play-goers
by Laura Alden
In the stifling stillness that followed
the arrest of those in the hide-out, the
audience was united in a moving denouement
of thought: It really did
happen. The hunted innocents represented
in The Diary of Anne Frank were real
people. The power of the plot was realized
and magnified by actors and actresses.
The Bethel Drama Department staged
eight performances (October 24 - November
2) of The Diary of Anne Frank,
"The F'un Place To
Eat and Drink"
Open Mon.·Sat. 11 :00 AM·1 :OOAM
Sun. Noon til Midnight
2050 N. Snelling
5277 Central
a two-act play based on the book Anne
Frank: Diary of a Young Firl, by Frances
Goodrich and Albert Hackett. The
play, directed by Douglas M. Briggs,
assistant professor of Drama, was an
enactment of sketches from a young
Jewess' diary, written during a two-year
period of hiding from the German Gestapo
in World War II.
Over 1100 people viewed the play. "We
were really pleased with the response,"
commented Briggs. "There was a large
off-campus attendance, especially from
the local churches. The audiences were
always very much 'with' the play.
"It was difficult for the cast to maintain
their performances in a non-professional
setting, but they settled into their
roles well. The best part was the personal
growth in the cast and crew. There
was a tremendous unity of the production
company," said Briggs.
Many viewers reacted favorably to the
production. Said one, "It was interesting
to think that that really happened. The
whole thing was very thought provoking."
Another commented, "It makes me wonder
how dedicated I am to what I believe.
Bethel places 4th
in NAIA meet
by Keith Kr,amer
The cross country team finished its
season on Saturday by placing fourth
in the NAIA District 13 meet at Como
Golf Course.
Moorhead State won easily with 21
points, followed by St. Thomas with 47,
Winona State with 102, Bethel with 137,
UMD with 140, Bemidji State with 146,
Southwest State with 179, St. John's with
210 and St. Olaf finished with 237. Conspicuously
absent from the results was
the defending champion, Hamline, which
couldn't field a full team. Moorhead
State's Mike Francis won the very fast
race with 25 :09, as the Dragons placed
four more runners in the top ten.
Jeff Larson once again led the Royal's
scoring, finishing 9th with 26 :22.
His time set a new Bethel record for
the Championship Course, breaking the
old record of 27:21 set by Steve Whittaker
in last year's district meet. F ollowing
Larson was Steve Whittaker, who
finished 19th with 27 :05. Curt Brown was
next, placing 33rd with 27 :53. Larry Caldwell
came in 45th with 28 :38 and John
Cox was right behind him placing 46th
with 28 :40. Rounding out the scoring
was Scott Larson, who finished 53rd.
The top three teams will now go to
the NAIA Nationals in Salina, Kansas
on November 16.
The Women's Intercollegiate Volleyball team
pictured in action above, will close their regular
playing seaso'n when they meet Carleton Monday,
there, and Hamline Thursday on the home court
at 7 p.m. They will compete in the state tournament
November 16 at Macalester in their last game of
the season.
The team met Concordia and Augsburg this
week. They lost to St. Olaf and St. Catherine
last week. As of November 4, they hold a 3-3 record.
Royals bo,mb Northla1nd,
post 5-4 season record
by Curtis Kregness
Bethel's 26-7 victory Saturday over Northland College gave '
the Royals their first winning football season in ten years.
On the way to a five-win, four-loss overall record, Bethel
also stopped Milton College 8-7, shut out Dr. Martin Luther
20-0 and Concordia of St. Paul 13-0, and finished off Sioux
Falls 14-6.
In the Tri-State Conference, the Royals shared a threeway
tie for third with Sioux Falls and Westmar. Northwestern
was first, Yankton second, and Concordia fourth.
The season was memorable in many respects. John Holine,
junior quarterback from Cambridge, Minnesota, led Bethel's
scoring by way of "aerial bombardment," in the words of
Tim Maring, statistician. Ten of the Royals' 17 touchdowns
came on passes from Holine to Kim Walker - a small,
but extremely fast wide receiver from Canfield, Ohio. Holine
completed 56 of 144 passes for 872 yards, while Walker caught
24 of those for 531 yards.
Bethel's two leading rushers were freshman Mark Rapinchuk!
who picked up 389 yards, and junior Donny Peter-continued
on page eight
behind the news
Confidence leads to
'74 football milepost
by Dan J oling
Bethel College defeated Northland College of Ashland,
Wisc., last Saturday 26-7. The Royals' record for the 1974 season
stands at 5-4, five wins and four losses. If Bethel College
would have lost to Northland College its record would
have been four wins and five losses. The difference is comparable
to the chasm separating day and night, silver and
tinsel, Dr. Gaymont's yogurt and Cloverleaf.
A loss Saturday would have made 1974 another season
to forget, the tenth year in a row Bethel would be fated
to have a losing year. It would represent a miniscule improvement
over the past two years when the Royals have
been 3-6.
Instead the final record is 5-4, making 1974 historic,
a winning year.
What does this represent for those directly involved?
For the team a number of things. They heard all year an
emphasis on mental toughness: concentration to the point
of refusing to make mistakes characteristic of a losing team.
The 5-4 record represents getting past cliches, hearing meaning
instead of words, actually having confidence instead of
trying to talk oneself into having it.
The confidence was evident in the games when the Royals
fell behind, but refused to passively lose. A sevenpoint
deficit going into the fourth quarter did not seem
insurmountable knowing the explosive potentiality of a Holine
to Walker pass.
Confidence was evident in an inexperienced defensive line,
believing they could perform successfully even after losing
a teammate with the stature of Fred Witzgall.
Confidence was evident in freshmen who had not been
through the lean years, who did not know how to lose,
who refused to believe a winning season was out of reach.
For upperclassmen the confidence appeared during games
when they realized they could and should win, instead of
reflecting on the possibility of winning after the game.
To the coaches and especially Coach Reynolds, a winning
season is important as proof to reaffirm a theory that a
Christian college is a natural place to find people who believe
in themselves. A record of 5-4 is a goal achieved,
a natural progression from earlier goals such as breaking
a 19 game winless streak. But like that milepost, achieving
a winning season is only one goal in a series: next
year there must be further improvement.
One searches at a time like this for heroes, picking out
those on whom laurel wreaths can be placed, those who are
responsible for successful changes. But just as there have
been no sudden changes, there have been no sudden heroes.
No miracles were performed and therefore there is no miracle-
maker to laud. Only mortals scratching to save an aspect
of college from disappearing, and in their scratching,
finding rewards in learning more about life, God, and Who
they are.
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text:
As teachers struggle to come to grips with a new national curriculum, Terrebonne Parish school leaders are taking matters into their own hands.
As teachers struggle to come to grips with a new national curriculum, Terrebonne Parish school leaders are taking matters into their own hands.
Louisiana is moving toward Common Core Standards, national guidelines that detail what students should be learning in each grade.
The Common Core is widely considered more rigorous than Louisiana's previous standards, requiring students to know more complex concepts earlier. School officials on all levels say the new curriculum will make students more competitive and education more compatible from state to state.
But many teachers say the huge, complicated change means they're having trouble understanding exactly what students are expected to know. They say the new standards are vague, sometimes confusing and often don't match with the tests students take.
That's especially problematic for Louisiana teachers because of new laws that tie their pay and job security to students' test scores.
Terrebonne Parish Superintendent Philip Martin unveiled a plan that might help clear up some of that confusion at a meeting of teachers on Wednesday. Under the proposal, top teachers in Terrebonne and other nearby districts would work together to create day-by-day lesson plans to give teachers concrete examples of how the new curriculum works.
"We don't want to tell teachers what to do. But teachers need to know what is expected of them," Martin said, adding the plan is in its infant stages.
"It's an easy thing for us to say, but it's a monumental task to put together," Martin said. "There's a lot of organization that has to happen here."
Martin said the plans, once finished, would not be mandatory.
"We don't want to tell teachers this is something they must do," Martin said. "It's more of a road map."
School officials are hoping to bring other nearby school systems into the fold to create the plans. So far, Lafourche, Tangipahoa, Assumption and St. Mary parishes have expressed interest, according to Kevin George, district support deputy for those parishes.
George is part of this area's "district support team," new groups of former administrators who work for the state Education Department helping local school districts deal with the wave of changes planned for coming years. He said this coalition is an example of placing more authority in the hands of local school systems, rather than the state bureaucracy.
"The philosophy of the state department is that the people who are closest to the classroom should be making the important decisions," George said. "We don't want to create a curriculum that every teacher has to follow."
While the consortium is getting organized, George said teachers can visit the "Teacher Toolbox" that will go on the Department of Education's website, www.louisianabelieves.com, next week.
The toolbox will include videos, sample lesson plans and other materials to help teachers grasp the changes.
Staff Writer Matthew Albright can be reached at 448-7635 or at email@example.com.


text:
An operator has been complaining about erratic operation of a robotic stamping machine that runs on first shift only. The repair techs respond to the trouble calls but can't replicate the problem to troubleshoot it. Where should you begin?
The maintenance department is reacting to trouble calls instead of responding to them. Because the problem is recurring and intermittent, reaction isn't going to lead to a solution. The only way to solve this problem is to get out of reactionary mode. Begin by determining when this erratic operation is occurring.
If this erratic operation happens in the morning and then settles out as the day progresses:
- Pull circuit boards out and look for moisture tracks. These could be anywhere, from the backs of the boards to the enclosure surfaces. Moisture remediation measures may require manufacturer approval.
- Determine if the operator leaves the feedstock in the proper position when shutting down the machine for the day.
- Compare the lubricants being used against the manufacturer's specifications. If a lubricant or its base is too heavy, then the machine may have to run and heat up before all points are actually lubricated. This would cause erratic operation.
- Does other equipment starting on first shift create power anomalies? View your power monitoring logs, and use a portable power analyzer at the erratically operating equipment.
If this erratic operation happens mostly after the machine has run for a while:
- Take thermographic images. Where there are hotspots, you'll probably find the source of the erratic behavior.
- Verify the feedstock has the proper alignment, correct feed rate, and (if applicable) correct tension.
- Check lubricants. A light lubricant used in an application requiring a heavy one won't keep mating surfaces apart. Erratic operation is possible, though outright failure is inevitable.
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text:
"Significant Objects: 100 Extraordinary Stories About Ordinary Things" only slightly exaggerates. It is 100 stories about 100 things, though only a handful of the stories are extraordinary. In fact, fewer are memorable.
Not that it matters; indeed, the stories' quality is somewhat beside the point. Editors Joshua Glenn and Rob Walker (Glenn's best known for Hermenaut, a cult classic of a '90s zine; Walker writes often about marketing and consumer issues for New York Times Magazine) had an ingenious idea for a website named SignificantObjects.com, which they started in 2009.
They write in the book's introduction that the point was to test a hypothesis: "Stories are such a powerful driver of emotional value that their effect on any given object's subjective value can actually be measured objectively."
This piece first ran in Printers Row Journal, delivered to Printers Row members with the Sunday Chicago Tribune and by digital edition via email. Click here to learn about joining Printers Row.
So here's what they did: They bought a lot of random crap at flea markets, thrift stores and yard sales — figurines, novelty pens, kitschy candles, old meat thermometers. They spent no more than $4 on any item. For all 100 items, they spent $128.74. They paired each item with a writer or artist, landing a (genuinely) extraordinary group of talent: Kurt Andersen, Neil LaBute, Jonathan Lethem, William Gibson, Colson Whitehead, Heidi Julavits, Merrill Markoe, Luc Sante, on and on, 100 in all. And they asked each writer or artist to make up a short story about the item; then they posted the item and the story on eBay.
Despite posting the items with a caveat that the story attached was fictional — some stories claim the item for sale was destroyed, Myla Goldberg's paragraph-long story about a bubble maker begins "This is not a toy" — each item, now having something like a celebrated history, sold for much more than they bought for. I was about to write, "much more than they were worth" — but again, worth is subjective.
For instance, Andersen writes a compellingly off-handed tale about a $2 Santa Claus nutcracker and how James Dean once got a, ahem, sexual organ stuck in it.
The nutcracker sold for $15.50.
Curtis Sittenfeld contributed a tale of unrequited love that just glances in the direction of a $1 dog figurine.
The dog sold for $17.50.
There's a reasonable argument that the authors' celebrity has a lot to do with the final take. And yet, reading the stories and what each item was sold for, one notices that the only constant is that a story was attached at all. A 33-cent mallet written about by Whitehead goes for a nice $71; but a kitschy 99-cent figurine written about by relatively unknown French novelist R.K. Scher sells for $157.50.
The total sale value of the objects came to $3,612.51. Proceeds go to the authors and to nonprofits.
As for the quality of the stories, it's the least significant thing about "Significant Objects," though none are long enough to be taxing and several are moving acts of micro fiction. (Stewart O'Nan's story, paired with a duck-headed tray, is about a woman named Emily, later the protagonist of his novel "Emily, Alone.")
Not that Glenn and Walker's idea is intended to be an inquiry on consumer behavior. And not that they even had to go to this trouble to prove their point: attaching a story is partly the appeal of a farmer's market, a Happy Meal. The right back story for a brand such as Apple, the editors argue, helps build a phenomenon.
A note about the physical book, itself a gorgeous, significant object: There are two versions of covers. The cover itself has a rubbery elasticity. Inside, each item is given a big picture, purchase and sale prices and the story. In fact, the book is so lovingly assembled that I felt a little bad breaking the spine of my copy.
Though, in truth, I don't feel that bad. I break book spines. I set down coffee cups on covers. I do it, I realized as I read "Significant Objects," because it reminds me that this book now has a history, a story: I once did that.
I think that's why I do it. My reasons are unaccountable.
Christopher Borrelli is a Tribune features writer.
Significant Objects
Edited by Rob Walker and Joshua Glenn
Fantagraphics, 256 pages, $24.99


text:
Atmospheric Sciences & Global Change
Research Highlights
March 2011
Integrated Regional Earth System Research Helps to Understand Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation Issues in the U.S. Midwest
Regional modeling of climate change and associated mitigation and adaptation decisions is necessary to explore the interactions, constraints, opportunities, and uncertainties that influence regional outcomes.
Enlarge Image
Results: New research findings have been published on a one-of-a-kind modeling framework to address regional climate change and decision-making. The report, Understanding Decision Support Needs for Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation: U.S. Midwest Region, was developed by the research team involved in the integrated Regional Earth System Model (iRESM) at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. The report results demonstrate a need for better information on the uncertainty in future Great Lakes water levels, drought, extreme precipitation, heat waves, and changes in seasonal temperature and precipitation averages as input to adaptation and mitigation planning decisions.
Why it matters: The impacts of climate change are already affecting human and environmental systems worldwide. Regional models of human and environmental systems need to be developed to integrate climate, ecosystem, and energy-economic processes and to characterize the uncertainties in those processes in order to inform investment and risk management decisions. Understanding the impact of climate change and climate policy on the potential for regional land and water-use conflicts, for example, will be critical for adaptation and mitigation decision-making.
Methods: The report was developed through a literature review of more than 100 studies focused on climate change mitigation and adaptation issues in the U.S. Midwest as well as from an initial round of stakeholder interviews with representatives from Chicago-based state and city government agencies. Additional interviews with stakeholders in the U.S. Midwest are planned over the course of the pilot study, and similar stakeholder research will be conducted in other iRESM pilot regions. The stakeholder research is critical for guiding the uncertainty characterization process and assuring the relevance of analyses conducted with iRESM.
What's Next: Research efforts are continuing with engagement of regional planners from the energy and agriculture sectors across the Midwest. The iRESM team will publish the results of its stakeholder-related research as completed by region.
Reference: Rice JS, PJ Runci, R Moss, and KL Anderson. 2010. iRESM Initiative: Understanding Decision Support Needs for Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation- U.S. Midwest Region. PNNL-20104, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington.


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CANBERRA, Australia — Australia's prime minister said Thursday that those responsible for shooting down the Malaysian airliner over Ukraine will face justice, as his nation marked a day of mourning for the 38 Australian citizens and residents who died in the crash.
The commemorations were centered on St. Patrick's Cathedral in Melbourne, capital of Victoria state where 16 of the victims lived.
Prime Minister Tony Abbott told the multi-faith service that hundreds of Australian police and military personnel had been working around the clock to retrieve human remains and belongings from the war zone where Malaysia Airlines Flight 17 crashed on July 17 with 298 people aboard.
"There will be a time to judge the guilty, but today we honor the dead and we grieve with the living," Abbott said.
"We do rededicate ourselves today to supporting the bereaved, to obtaining justice for the dead and for their families, and to working for a better world," he added.
Flags flew at half-mast and church bells chimed around Australia in honor of the dead.
The West has accused Russia of most likely providing Ukrainian insurgents with surface-to-air missiles that may have been used to shoot down the Boeing 777 over rebel-held territory.
Prime Minister Mark Rutte of The Netherlands, whose nationals made up more than half of the victims, said Wednesday that the search involving Dutch and Australian police for victims' remains is being halted because fighting in the area of the crash site makes it too dangerous to continue.
Australia sponsored a United Nations Security Council Resolution that demanded that separatists allow the dead to be retrieved and international investigators free access to the crash site.
Australia's first priority is retrieving its dead, followed by establishing who shot the Boeing 777 down and bringing the culprits before the courts.
"We cannot bring them back, but we will bring them home, as far as we humanly can," Abbott said.


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DALLAS � Veteran high school football coach Mark Barnes has seen a lot of crazy plays and crazy finishes in his years in the sport.
But the 200th victory of his 24-year head coaching career will be one that he�ll remember for a long time.
Trailing a ball-control North Gaston for much of Friday�s game at Trudnak Stadium, Crest�s Jalin Moore scored the game-winning touchdown on a busted play, then intercepted a pass at the Chargers 23 to preserve a wild 43-36 Big South 3A Conference victory.
�I�ve been fortunate to have had a lot of good coaches, good players and good schools,� said Barnes, who is now 200-90 as a head coach at Scotland County, Reidsville, Brevard and for the last three seasons at Crest. �My daddy (Paul Barnes at Allen Jay) was a coach and my brother (Darryl Barnes at Richmond County) was a coach, so I�m blessed to have a chance to do something like this.
�And this is the kind of game that has to rank right up there. Give North Gaston credit for how hard and how well they played. But our guys showed a lot of character and just found a way to win.�
Moore, a junior running back-defensive back, was a big reason the Chargers improved to 7-1, 3-0. Not only did he rush for 209 yards in 15 carries, but he scored five touchdowns and had a two-point conversion for 32 points and he made five solo or first-hit tackles in addition to the game-clinching interception.
�It feels ready good, but I think we�re all really exhausted,� said Moore, who scored on runs of 13, 41, 29, 45 and the game-winning 3-yarder that was arguably his most impressive run of the night.
With Crest trailing 36-35 with 2:52 left to play, Barnes called for a toss sweep to the left. But when quarterback P.J. Brooks� pitch went to Moore, Moore fumbled the ball before chasing it down near the 15. Instead of falling on the football for the large loss, Moore scooped up the ball, eluded several defenders and reversed field for the 3-yard TD run.
�I give all the credit to my linemen,� said Moore, who picked up many of his rushing yards and touchdowns with Crest running a power, single-wing offensive formation. �I just saw the green they opened up and I ran to it.�
Crest trailed three times by two scores � 14-0, 22-8 and 29-15 � before making its comeback.
North Gaston used the same recipe it used in last week�s 35-28 heartbreaking loss at Forestview; The Wildcats� rushing attack played �keep away.�
Last week, North Gaston ran 79 offensive snaps to 39 for Forestview. This week, the Wildcats ran 81 snaps to 38.
North Gaston also rolled up 471 yards total offense to Crest�s 347.
Quarterback Nick Haskin and fullback Corey Staley led the way. Haskin had 202 yards rushing and three touchdowns on 31 carries and completed five of 12 throws for 55 yards. Staley had 194 yards and two touchdowns on 32 carries.
�I didn�t know what to tell them,� said North Gaston coach Mike Patton of his post-game talk with his team that fell to 1-7, 0-4. �To play a Crest team to the wire says a lot, especially for the senior class that�s had a lot of adversity in their time here.
�They�ve been frustrated like we all have, but they keep working. It�s a shame we couldn�t win, but I can�t be happier than I am with our effort.�


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26/03: Osama Bin Laden - a bit about him...
Osama bin Muhammad bin Awad bin Laden is born in Riyadh. He is 17th of 52 children sired by Muhammad Bin Laden--Saudi Arabia's wealthiest construction magnate.
Bin Laden graduates from King Abdul Aziz University in Jiddah with a degree in civil engineering.
December 26, 1979
Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. Bin Laden leaves Saudi Arabia to join the Afghan resistance (mujahedeen).
From the Pakistani border, bin Laden raises funds and provides the mujahedeen with logistical and humanitarian aid.
According to Islamic sources, bin Laden participates in numerous battles during the Afghan war against the Soviets as a guerilla commander, including the fierce battle of Jalalabad which led the Soviets to finally withdraw from Afghanistan.
Bin Laden establishes "al Qaeda," an organization of ex-mujahedeen and other supporters. Its mission is to channel fighters and funds to the Afghan resistance.
June 30, 1989
The National Islamic Front (NIF) stages a military coup and takes control of the Sudan.
After the Soviets pull out of Afghanistan, bin Laden returns to Saudi Arabia a hero. He becomes involved in opposition movements to the Saudi monarchy while working for his family construction firm, the Bin Laden Group.
August 2, 1990
Iraq invades Kuwait.
April, 1991
Bin Laden flees Saudi Arabia, after being confined to Jiddah for his opposition to the Saudi alliance with the United States. He moves first to Afghanistan and then to Khartoum, Sudan by 1992 (Source: Newsweek 2/1/99). Sudan had begun to allow any Muslim into the country without a visa, in a display of Islamic solidarity. Allegedly, hundreds of suspected terrorists and ex-mujahedeen come to Sudan as a safe haven (Source: New York Times 9/21/98).
US troops fight Persian Gulf War. After victory, the US establishes a large permanent military presence in the region, including Saudi Arabia. Saudi Arabia is the land of "the two most holy places" in Islam--Mecca and Medina.
According to the current indictment against bin Laden, from 1992 on, bin Laden and other Al Qaeda members stated privately within the organization that a) Al Qaeda should put aside its differences with Shiite Muslim terrorist organizations, including Iran and its affiliated terrorist group Hezbollah, to cooperate against the perceived common enemy, the United States and its allies; b) the US forces stationed on the Saudi peninsula, including both Saudi Arabia and Yemen, should be attacked; and c) the US forces stationed in the Horn of Africa, including Somalia, should be attacked.
Bin Laden begins to set up legitimate businesses in the Sudan, including a tannery, two large farms, and a major road construction company. When Saudi Arabia began pressuring Pakistan to get rid of the mujahedeen near the border with Afghanistan, bin Laden reportedly paid for 480 Afghan vets to come work with him. The Sudanese leaders liked this wealthy Saudi who was enthusiastic about investing in their fledgling Islamic state.
A bomb explodes in a hotel in Aden, Yemen, where US troops had been staying while en route to a humanitarian mission in Somalia. The bomb killed two Austrian tourists; the U.S. soldiers had already left. Two Yemeni Muslim militants, trained in Afghanistan and injured in the blast, are later arrested. US intelligence agencies allege that this was the first terrorist attack involving bin Laden and his associates (Source: New York Times 8/21/98).
Sudan is placed on State Department's list of countries that sponsor terrorist activities (Source: Washington Post 8/23/98).
According to US government charges, bin Laden's followers try to obtain components of nuclear weapons and begin to work with Sudan's NIF to develop chemical arms (Source: US News and World Report 10/5/98).
February 26, 1993
World Trade Center bombing.
October 3 & 4th, 1993
Eighteen US troops are killed in an urban attack in Mogadishu, Somalia. American law enforcement, intelligence and national security officials are divided as to whether, as a federal indictment charges, bin Laden and his adherents helped train and arm the men who killed the US troops (Source: New York Times 2/8/99).
January 1994
According to US intelligence analysts, by January 1994, bin Laden was financing at least three terrorist training camps in North Sudan, where rebels from a half-dozen nations received training. (Source: New York Times 8/14/96)
April 9, 1994
The Saudi government revokes bin Laden's citizenship and moves to freeze his assets in Saudi Arabia because of his support for Muslim fundamentalist movements. (Source: New York Times 4/10/94)
According to U.S. intelligence sources, bin Laden establishes extensive training and housing operations for foreign guerillas in northern Yemen near Saudi border. (Source: Washington Post 8/23/98)
February/March 1995
Ramzi Yousef, mastermind of the World Trade Center bombing, is captured in Pakistan and extradited to the United States. A search of his former residences leads investigators to believe he is financially linked to bin Laden. Also, he had stayed at a bin Laden financed guest house while in Pakistan.
June 1995
Unsuccessful assassination attempt on the life of the President of Egypt, Hosni Mubarak, in Addis Ababa. U.S. intelligence sources believe bin Laden was somehow linked.
August, 1995
Bin Laden wrote an open letter to King Fahd of Saudi Arabia calling for a campaign of guerrilla attacks in order to drive U.S forces out of the kingdom.
Five Americans and two Indians are killed in the truck bombing of a US-operated Saudi National Guard training center in Riyadh. Bin Laden denies involvement but praises the attack (Source: Washington Post 8/23/98).
May 1996
The Sudan expels bin Laden because of international pressure by the United States and Saudi Arabia. Bin Laden then moves back to Afghanistan. (Source: Jane's Intelligence Review 10/1/98)
The four Saudi men accused of bombing the Saudi National Guard training center in Riyadh are beheaded in Riyadh's main square. Before their execution, they are coerced by the Saudi's into a public confession. In the confession, they claim to have read bin Laden communiqués.
Spring 1996
President Clinton signed a top secret order that authorized the CIA to use any and all means to destroy bin Laden's network.
A large truck bomb devastates the US military residence in Dhahran called Khobar Towers, killing 19 servicemen. The US military initially linked bin Laden to the attack but now believe a Saudi Shiite group was responsible (Source: Washington Post 8/23/98). U.S. investigators still believe bin Laden was somehow involved.
August, 1996
A secret grand jury investigation begins against Osama bin Laden in New York.
August 23, 1996
Bin Laden signed and issued a Declaration of Jihad outlining his organization's goals: drive US forces from the Arabian Peninsula, overthrow the Government of Saudi Arabia, liberate Muslim holy sites, and support Islamic revolutionary groups around the world. He declares that Saudis have the right to strike at US troops in the Persian Gulf.
November, 1996
Gwynne Roberts conducts interview of bin Laden for the British documentary program Dispatches. Bin Laden threatens to wage an Islamic holy war against the United States and its allies if Washington does not remove its troops from the Gulf region (Source: Reuters 2/20/97).
May 1997
CNN airs an interview with bin Laden in which he criticizes US "occupation of the land of the holy places."
July 1997
According to Islamic sources, a US-backed multinational mercenary force is formed with the aim of abducting or killing bin Laden. Witnesses claim to see 11 black Land Cruisers crossing into the Afghan city of Khost along with 2 helicopters. A source said force was composed of 1000 non-US mercenaries. (Source: Mideast Mirror 7/14/97--al-Hayat & al-Arab)
Bin Laden issues joint declaration with the Islamic Group, Al Jihad, the Jihad Movement in Bangladesh and the "Jamaat ul Ulema e Pakistan" under the banner of the "World Islamic Front," which stated that Muslims should kill Americans including civilians--anywhere in the world.
May 1998
ABC's John Miller interviews bin Laden in Afghanistan.
June 1998
A raid is conducted in Albania against a cell of an Islamic terrorist movement by security personnel from the U.S. and Albania. Two suspected employees of bin Laden are arrested. The CIA takes custody of a van-load of documents and computer gear. Two weeks later, another raid was conducted and two more suspected bin Laden associates arrested. They were Egyptian nationals and were turned over to anti- terrorist officials in Egypt. All were associated with the Islamic Revival Foundation. (Source: Washington Post 8/12/98)
June 8, 1998
The grand jury investigation of bin Laden, initiated in 1996, issues a sealed indictment, charging Bin Laden with "conspiracy to attack defense utilities of the United States." Prosecutors charge that bin Laden heads a terrorist organization called al Qaeda, the base, and was a major financier of Islamic terrorists around the world.
June 10, 1998
ABC Nightline John Miller interview with bin Laden broadcast.
August 6, 1998
The Egyptian Jihad group sent the United States a warning: they would soon deliver a message to Americans "which we hope they read with care, because we will write it, with God's help, in a language they will understand." (Source: New York Times 8/21/98)
August 7, 1998
This is the eighth year anniversary of United Nations sanctions against Iraq and the ordering of U.S. troops into the Gulf region. Iraq informed the US Security Council that it was not going to tolerate the continuation of the sanctions beyond the eighth year anniversary. (Source: Daily Telegraph 8/12/98)
Two simultaneous explosions at US embassies in Kenya and Tanzania. The bomb in Nairobi, Kenya kills 213 people, including 12 US nationals, and injure more than 4,500 . The bomb in Dar es Salaam kills 11 and injures 85. No Americans died in the Tanzania bombing.
August 12, 1998
The Small Group of presidential advisors meet with Clinton, reportedly with evidence that bin Laden is looking to obtain weapons of mass destruction and chemical weapons to use against US installations (Source: New York Times 9/23/98). US intelligence also reportedly intercepted a mobile phone conversation between two of bin Laden's lieutenants that implicated them in the embassy bombings. (Source: Newsweek 8/31/98)
August 20, 1998
US adds bin Laden's name to list of terrorists whose funds are targeted for seizure by US Treasury in order to shut down the financial pipelines that allegedly subsidize bin Laden's terrorist activities. (Source: Washington Post 8/28/98)
September 23, 1998
US senior administrative officials admit that they had no evidence that directly linked bin Laden to the Al Shifa factory at the time of retaliatory strikes on Aug 20. Intelligence officials found financial transactions between bin Laden and the Military Industrial Corporation--a company run by the Sudan's government. (Source: New York Times 9/23/98)
October 1998
The Sunday Times of London reports that bin Laden is sending Islamic mercenaries to Kashmir to support an Islamic secession campaign.
October 7, 1998
Arabic newspaper al-Hayat claims bin Laden has acquired nuclear weapons from Soviet Central Asian countries using a network of "influential friends". Others are skeptical. (Source: UPI 10/7/98)
November 4, 1998
A new superceding indictment is issued against bin Laden, Muhammad Atef and a host of other suspects. They are charged with bombing of two US embassies and conspiring to commit other acts of terrorism against Americans abroad. Two rewards of $5 million each are offered for Atef and bin Laden. Atef is described as bin Laden's chief military commander.
December 22, 1998
Bin Laden summons Rahimullah Yusufzai, a reporter for Pakistan's The News, Time Magazine and John Miller of ABC News, to his tented encampment in Afghanistan's Helmand province for interviews.
December 23, 1998
TIME correspondent conducts interview with Osama bin Laden.
December 24, 1998
ABC's second interview with Osama bin Laden is broadcast on ABC News.
January 11, 1999
TIME and Newsweek publish interviews with Osama bin Laden that were conducted in late December.
January 16, 1999
The US Attorney's office files its most complete indictment to date of Osama bin Laden and 11 other suspected members of his terrorist organization. The grand jury charges the men for conspiring to kill American nationals. The first count of the indictment charges that several of the co-defendants, acted with other members of "al Qaeda," a worldwide terrorist organization led by bin Laden, in a conspiracy to murder American citizens. The objectives of the terrorist group allegedly include: killing members of the American military stationed in Saudi Arabia and Somalia; killing United States embassy employees in Nairobi, Kenya, and Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; and concealing the activities of the co-conspirators by, among other things, establishing front companies, providing false identity and travel documents, engaging in coded correspondence, and providing false information to the authorities in various countries.
May 29, 2001
Four followers of Osama bin Laden are found guilty of charges stemming from the 1998 US embassy bombings in Kenya and Tanzania. Mohamed Rashed Daoud Al-Owhali, Khalfan Khamis Mohamed, Mohammed Saddiq Odeh, and Wadih El Hage are convicted of charges including murder, conspiracy and perjury after a nine-week federal trial during which prosecutors called over 90 witnesses, including al Qaeda informants and survivors of the bombings. Owhali and Mohamed face the death penalty at their sentencing, while Odeh and El Hage face life in prison.
20/03: How freaky is this image?
If you look closer, this is not a very typical piece of art... especially the rabbit!
11/03: Top 10 Enduring Elements of Technology EntrepreneurshipProfessor Tom Byers, Stanford University
Stanford Technology Ventures Program (http://stvp.stanford.edu)
1. What is high-technology entrepreneurship? What is the difference between an idea and a business opportunity? High-tech entrepreneurship is a style of business leadership based on theprocess of identifying high-potential, technology-intensive business opportunities, gathering resources such as talent and cash, and managing rapid growth using principled, real-time decisionmaking skills. An attractive business opportunity consists of a great value proposition, technically feasible products, strong intellectual property, a sustainable competitive advantage, a large potential market, and a proven business model. It can be based on either a revolutionary breakthrough in technology or an evolutionary advancement; and it can target an existing market or create an entirely new one. This entrepreneurial process is relevant for both independent startups and within established corporations. Disruptive technologies are particularly interesting as discussed in Christensen's Innovator's Dilemma. See Technology Ventures by Dorf and Byers as a textbook.
2. Why do ventures require dynamic leaders who understand vision, strategy, risk, and tactics?Entrepreneurship is a process that involves identifying and reducing four major types of risks over time: people, technology, market, and financial. This is accomplished by the right combination of vision, strategy and execution. Although a compelling vision (e.g., core values and mission) and a set of strategies (e.g., product and market) are important, it is often execution that differentiates great companies from good ones. An A+ team and adaptable leadership can guide a venture through its challenging journey of growth and adversity where everyone works diligently on clear goals. Built to Last by Collins and Porras is an excellent reference as is Competing on the Edge: Strategy as Structured Chaos by Eisenhardt.
3. How does context (e.g., economic and political climate) play a role in high-tech entrepreneurship?
All kinds of external forces impact entrepreneurship and reinforce the need to understand the entrepreneurial process. For instance, economic cycles can fluctuate dramatically, fostering periods of extreme optimism as well as those of deep concern and fear. And in some industries, political and government influences are the primary market drivers (e.g., biotechnology). A venture's location also plays a role, as attitudes toward entrepreneurship are different everywhere. Places like Silicon Valley, for example, offer infrastructure, networks, and talent in an environment that accepts failure in the pursuit of innovation. Friedman's The World is Flat and The Silicon Valley Edge by Stanford University Press are good references.
4. What is market positioning? Why are partnership strategies important?
Positioning forces a high-tech entrepreneur to clearly identify what the product or service is, who the customers are, what benefit it delivers, and how it differs from the competition. Successful positioning requires understanding the technology adoption life cycle made famous in Crossing the Chasm by Moore and the development and nurturing of true value-added partnerships. Great entrepreneurs use every asset (e.g., vision and intellectual property) to create mutually beneficial social networks.
5. What is the purpose of the business plan?
A business plan details a venture's compelling value for a growing market of customers and outlines its mission and purpose. It also introduces the venture's team, its technological solution, and its economic or business model. It is necessary for both external use (e.g., raising venture capital, gaining customers, and creating partnerships) and internal use (e.g., tracking against objectives and milestones). It provides a compass for negotiating the unforeseeable challenges ahead, rather than a definitive roadmap to success. A key reference is Sahlman's How to Write a Great Business Plan article in Harvard Business Review.
6. Why is cash flow so vital?
High-tech entrepreneurship is a journey of incremental and rapid growth. Cash is a critical resource for reaching each funding milestone, which is defined by the reduction of some particular set of risks. Great startups always spend their cash wisely on the current "white hot risk". It gives stability and strategic flexibility to a venture as opportunities and problems arise. Cash facilitates the recruitment of an A+ team and the frugal ramp-up of operations. It is the one resource that cannot be allowed to go "negative," even for a short period of time. For startups, financing events are strategic and require substantial discipline, effort, and foresight.
7. What are the different sources of capital for high-tech ventures? What are the essentials of the venture finance process from both the investor's and founder's perspectives?
Sources available include traditional venture capital, angel investors, corporations, incubators, bank loans, personal funds, and even bootstrapping when necessary. Entrepreneurs should choose a source of funding that best fits their needs at each particular stage of the venture (e.g., startup versus expansion). Not all money has the same intrinsic value. For example, professionally managed venture capital contributes both strategic counselling and a network of contacts in addition to cash. Another key point is that valuation and subsequent dilution are not the only important issues. Understanding the venture finance process requires fully appreciating such concepts as multi-stage financing, valuation criteria, risk reduction, employee stock pools, deal structure and terms, corporate governance and control, and the role of liquidity events for stakeholders such as IPOs and M&A transactions. The IPO is foremost a financing event (albeit one with special characteristics) and certainly not the final destination for a startup. Key references are Gompers/Lerner's Money of Invention and Kawasaki's The Art of the Start8. Why is high-tech entrepreneurship a team sport? How can reward systems and company culture inspire innovation? Successful innovation is a function of both creativity and teamwork.
Developing an outstanding team requires setting a coherent and compelling vision, hiring and retaining people better than oneself, using proper recognition and compensation strategies (e.g., cash, stock options, and other rewards), enabling proper autonomy and delegation, and creating a culture where success is recognized and failure is allowed. Sound leadership is essential including experienced advisors and board members. A key reference is Weird Ideas that Work by Sutton.
9. Why are appropriate sales and business development skills so valuable?
The ability to gain the support of many different types of stakeholders (e.g., revenue and endorsements from real customers) is important for building momentum. Basic negotiation, influence and persuasion skills are critical. Successful entrepreneurs build lasting personal relationships based upon trust. Cialdini's Influence and Goleman's Primal Leadership are excellent references.
10. What is the role of ethics in high-technology entrepreneurship?
Entrepreneurship is not all about personal financial gain. It concerns crafting a lifelong plan to make a positive impact on society. Character does matter. Failure is OK; unethical behavior is not. True wealth requires the creation of enduring value, which requires integrity and ethics. Entrepreneurship and business are not just contact sports subject to their own arcane rules, but an integral part of life that reflect the values of each participant. A culture of dependability and professional trust starts with the founding team's initial behaviors. A key reference is Komisar's Monk and the Riddle.
*Special thanks to Randy Komisar, Richard Dorf, and all others who contributed to this list.
Drawn from Technology Ventures: From Idea to Enterprise by Dorf and Byers, McGraw-Hill, 2cd Ed. See textbook websites at http://www.mhhe.com/dorfbyers2e and http://techventures.stanford.edu. Please send comments to email@example.com at Stanford University. Revised Winter, 2007.
02/03: Snake
This is part of the bigger snake illusion. Even with the snake cut in half, it seem like its moving. This is just a static image. There are no animated parts to this picture.


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Swimming and Exercise While on Radiation Therapy for Breast Cancer?
Dear OncoLink "Ask The Experts,"
I am about to start radiation therapy for breast cancer. Can I swim during this time? I have heard conflicting reports about exercise during therapy.
Linda McGrath Boyle PT, DPT CLT-LANA, Cancer Rehab Specialist and OncoLink Lymphedema Team Editor, responds:
Your doctors, including the surgeon, medical oncologist, and radiation oncologist, will need to give approval for you to swim based on your specific situation. If you have no open, erythemic (red), or rashy skin areas and are not immunosuppressed (this is especially a concern in public pools, which can have lots of germs), swimming may be allowed. Many patients undergoing radiation therapy do have some type of skin eruptions after the first 2 weeks of therapy, so you will need to frequently revisit the issue with your radiation oncologist while on therapy.
Underwater exercise is great for increasing the external pressure exerted on the skin and can help to avoid swelling in the affected areas. Swimming will not in itself prevent lymphedema. Most importantly, gradually increasing exercise time and effort are key to avoiding sudden increases in circulation, increased blood capillary pressure, and the influx of edema (swelling), thereby helping to avoid TRIGGERING the lymphedema. (We use the term "preventing" lymphedema, but this is probably not accurate, and trying not to �trigger� the lymphedema may be a better way to describe it.�.
Persons at risk for lymphedema (breast cancer survivors) should moisturize their skin and prevent injury or open areas to avoid introduction of bacteria and therefore infection in the affected lymphatic quadrant.
We know that diaphragmatic breathing is helpful in facilitating lymphatic return. We also know that muscle contractions assists in movement of lymph fluid from the extremities to the central lymphatics.
Kathryn Schmitz completed the PAL study for breast cancer survivors that speaks to the benefits of exercise in this population. The following article was published about this study:
Randomized controlled trial of weight training and lymphedema in breast cancer survivors.
Ahmed RL, Thomas W, Yee D, Schmitz KH.
J Clin Oncol. 2006 Jun 20;24(18):2765-72.


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The beauty and freedom of setting off on an all-conditions adventure comes with inherent unpredictability. But there is one condition you, as a human being, need to be highly aware of and prepared for—the weather.
Achieving a milestone more than 65 years in the making, Honda Motor Co., Ltd. today announced production of its 300-millionth motorcycle. The milestone bike is a Honda Gold Wing produced at the company's Kumamoto Factory in Japan. Honda will celebrate the 40th anniversary of the iconic Gold Wing in 2015.
Wanna play some trivia? Follow us on Twitter @HondaPowersprts and look for a Gold Wing question to be posted each Wednesday for five weeks. First one to answer each week's question will receive a promotional code for a Honda hat of his or her choosing! Thanks to our friends at http://www.powertexhondastore.com/ for participating!
For four decades, the Gold Wing® has done much more than merely survive: This remarkable machine has continued to create and define an entire segment of the motorcycling experience, raising standards and expectations time and time again.
If you're new to dirt riding, we're glad to welcome you to the family of off-road riders. Having fun is your top priority, and to ensure you get the most out of your ride you need to know how to ride responsibly. Land closures are a reality of off-road recreation, so everyone needs to do their part to minimize the impact on the environment, and help keep riding areas open. One way to do that is to tread lightly.
Click a tag to view all articles with that tag.
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The United States and its allies are training rebels in an effort to bring the fighting in Syria to a close, the British newspaper The Guardian reported.
Citing sources, the newspaper said Saturday U.S., French and British troops and intelligence operatives are providing the training in Jordan. The goal is to improve the capabilities of secular Syrian fighters and head off the potential dominance of Muslim extremist factions, the report said.
Trainees include a number of senior Syrian military officers who defected to the rebels.
"It's the Americans, Brits and French with some of the Syrian generals who defected, but we're not talking about a huge operation," a Jordanian security source told the newspaper.
The newly trained rebels have not been deployed back to Syria. The plan appears to hinge on conditions in the southern city of Daraa, where analysts expect the collapse of government services would trigger a mass exodus of refugees into Jordan.
Establishing an effective secular presence in the area to maintain order would both keep civilians inside Syria and block any move by radical forces, including al-Qaida, to set up shop so close to Jordan, the report said.
"At some point (Syrian President Bashar) Assad is going to fall, and the opposition are going to need help to provide governance in areas they control, and that of course includes security," a spokesman for Britain's Foreign Office told The Guardian. "But security doesn't just mean fighting, it also means basic law and order, and policing."
Via SyndiGate.info
Copyright © UPI, 2019. All Rights Reserved.


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First Lady Michelle Obama recently announced that she will focus more on getting kids to be active in her Let's Move campaign. Does this mean less time encouraging food companies to make healthier products for kids and stop marketing junk food to them? Advocate Marion Nestle and the White House's Sam Kass weigh in. Read more >
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