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Why Satellite Portable Toilets?
The portable toilet industry has grown worldwide due to the important economic benefits it provides to the construction and outdoor event industries. By providing convenient, on-site portable toilets at construction sites and outdoor events, construction companies see an increase in worker productivity and event organizers gain increased sales due to the added time guests spend at their event. The benefits of providing portable sanitation services extend into other important areas as well, such as protecting public health and the environment.Read More
The ever increasing demand for portable toilet provides an excellent business opportunity for new or established companies who wish to diversify into this business segment. By providing a service that has widespread demand in the marketplace and benefits society, owners of portable toilet companies are finding the toilet rental and service business to be a profitable venture with unlimited growth potential.
Satellite alone offers complete start-up programs and on-going marketing and operational training sessions to existing portable toilets businesses. This training, along our complete line of portable toilets, Chemicals and vacuum service modules, has helped operators establish profitable companies in 125 countries around the world.
We are not a one-style-fits-all company. Our 13 standard, specialty and wheelchair accessible toilets provide operators with many choices in colour, style and features to compliment any company image. We can supply you with everything from low priced models all the way to deluxe units complete with flushing systems, hand-wash basins, solar lighting, shelving and more. Satellite has a portable toilet available within your price range that is stylish, hygienic and also carries a four to ten year limited warranty to ensure that you are completely satisfied.
To service your toilets properly use Safe-T-Fresh chemicals and cleaners. We offer multiple product formulas for specific climate and traffic conditions, waste treatment plant requirements and a full line of eco-friendly products. You'll earn points when you purchase Safe-T-Fresh products that can be redeemed for free toilets, hand-wash stations, holding tanks and other great products. Have cleaner toilets and get rewarded for your purchases when you use Safe-T-Fresh products…guaranteed.
Plan to increase your route efficiencies with vacuum service modules from Satellite. Ranging from 1136-2463 litres, they provide your drivers with easily accessible controls and work stations to minimize motion, walking and lifting. Our use of stainless steel components and seal coatings will extend the life and appearance of your truck for many years of productive service.
Beyond products, our global network of Area Managers provide local support to assist you in matters regarding product selection, operational questions and best business practices used by many of the best operators around the world. Our customer care representatives provide an additional contact for you within Satellite to ensure that your questions and concerns are addressed quickly.
Portable sanitation remains a growing industry due in large part to operators and suppliers working together to improve human dignity, quality of life, productivity and the environment. For more information about Satellite products please contact your Area Manager.


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From the Diocese of the West [1]:
It is with extreme sadness that we inform you that our beloved brother in Christ, Father Polycarp Whitcomb, Pastor of St. Athanasius Church in Sacramento, California, fell asleep in the Lord on Friday, January 4, 2013. His Eminence Archbishop Joseph has asked the parishes to remember him in your prayers for the departed for the next 40 days and to hold a special Trisagion for his eternal life. The funeral arrangements will be announced once they are set. May God receive him in His Heavenly Kingdom and may his memory be eternal.

subset: commoncrawl


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We just received this nice comment for Sean from Huangshan ( http://www.yilongwei.com/tips/ylwf_list.htm#huangshan ) so we decided to share it with you (sender's personal information removed):
name: Jim
message: This young man was very good as my companion and guide. He is friendly, helpful, knowledgable of the area (he was born and lived all of his life in the area), and speaks not perfect but good English. He made my visit to Xidi and Hongcun much more than satisfactory. It was a wonderful day because of his care and friendly manner which made the day exceptional. I recommend him to you whether you are a young or an older traveller (I'm 81).
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Click on the Wolf photograph to return to the 'Timber Wolves and Timber Wolf Pups' Gallery.
Links to other photographs in this gallery are listed below picture.
Copyright Wolves Only. All Rights Reserved.
If you decide to use this list below as navigation, then please avoid pressing the mouse button on the large picture above, as this will result in returning you to the main gallery page and not the next picture.


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Hawke's Bay, a region of orchards, vineyards, art, markets and spas
The region is renowned for its horticulture, with large orchards and vineyards, a foodie's paradise. Relax at the local day spas and be pampered.
Hawke's Bay is located on the east coast of New Zealand's North Island. The main centres of Hawkes Bay are Napier and Hastings.
The region is renowned for its horticulture, with large orchards and vineyards on the plains. In the hilly parts of the region you will find sheep and cattle farming.
You will not be surprised to learn that this is a foodie's paradise. The local farmers market is a popular attraction. When you visit pop in at the local i-SITE for a map of all the vineyards and food places.
Hawke's Bay is one of New Zealand's warmest, driest regions and this has made it one of the country's leading producers of wine; notably red wines – cabernet sauvignon, merlot and syrah.
In Hawke's Bay you will find many colourful Art Deco buildings, stunning views from Te Mata Peak and Cape Kidnappers, walking and cycling trails, golf courses, museums, and a gannet colony!
Take a chance to unwind and relax at one of the local spa and beauty salons. Click here to see all spas located in Hawkes Bay


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Production Engineers: Collaborate online with SPE Connect—Launching 4 February 2013
A virtual place where you can meet, collaborate, and discuss specific technical challenges and resolutions, SPE Connect is now your link to SPE members in the reservoir discipline worldwide.
SPE Connect's online communities enable you to share your experience and knowledge, or draw from the combined talent and expertise of SPE's membership base.
In an instant, exchange technical information with other SPE members in the topics of your choice at a time that is convenient for you. Simply go online to connect with SPE members who share your professional interests and create your own personal technical network. Other disciplines will be launching soon.
To learn more about SPE Connect, click here.
To access the new Production Technical Community, click here.


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Fidjomusic is about
Music to build identities: In times of changes music can build identities. Young people make music and keep on traditions, they live their own culture and find new expressions via musical creations. Traditions get a place in modern societies. They transport their culture and cultural awareness in the whole world with music.
Music as an economical aspect: Young people without employment discover their own culture as a financial resource, their open up new horizons via music and start to earn their living with their music.
Music as a key to development: Musicians travel to other countries and take their experiences back. Widened horizons open new developments in their own countries. The influence on local music scenes is enormous; with opened minds their initiate development.
- supports this development,
- supports motivated musicians,
- creates platforms, where musicians can widen their horizons,
- organizes tours,
- books musicians,
- supports with management on international level,
- promotes dialogue through music,
- helps to open international networks for musicians,
- promotes the presence of musicians of so called development countries on international stages.
Who is Fidjomusic
Sandra van Edig has a master in social anthropology. Since 1997 she has been working as a freelance journalist. In 2003 she started to work with musicians from Niger and Mali. Together with touareg and wodaabe musicians she founded Etran Finatawa in 2004 and became their manager. Since than she is successfully managing Etran Finatawa. As the story of this desert blues band from Niger has been so successful she decided in 2008 to share theses experiences with other musicians and to found "Fidjomusic" as a managment and promoting agency for world music artists. She is especially focusing on the aspect of culture and development.
She has lived since 1997 in different african countries: Ethiopia, Niger, Congo RDC und Burundi.
Nomad´s Blues from Niger - Etran Finatawa
Among the grasslands of the Sahel and the shifting dunes of the Sahara desert, two legendary nomadic peoples, the Wodaabe and Tuareg, are joined together in the raunchy guitars and haunting voices of Etran Finatawa. As the winds of change cast uncertainty over their nomadic lifestyle, both cultures are at a crossroads.
Sacred music - Malam Mamane Barka
As a nomad of the toubou tribe, Mamane Barka is the indisputable son of the desert and the world´s only remaining master of the biram. He maintains the tradition single-handedly, bringing the boat-shaped instrument to world´s attention with his own unique blend of desert blues.Barka is so far the only master of the Biram in Niger and all over the world.
A journey in my inner universe - Alhousseini Anivolla
My name is Alhousseini Mohamed Anivolla a.k.a. Anewal, which means 'walking man' and I am the lead singer and guitarist of the internationally known Desert Blues band Etran Finatawa from Niger. Since 2004 I have toured with them around the globe. Together we made four successful CDs for the British label World Music Network. In 2012 I have also started my solo career. New CD to be released in spring 2017 Read more …
Steven Sogo and the Hope Street
Since 2015 Steven Sogo is in exile in the USA. Due to an inner political crisis and violant supression of opposition Steven had to flee his country as so many other Burundians. He continues his music hoping for a brighter future for his country Burundi. He once took the guitar in the middle of the civil war to express his wish to live and to live a normal life. He is still hoping for!
His music is pure, original blues: His songs are a cry for life, full of pain, nostalgia and hope at the same time, just a mirror of his life as the burundian society these days.
New Sahara Blues from walking man Alhousseini Anivolla
Recording in Wales at Wild End Studios with Colin Bass
ANEWAL performing at Afrikafestival Mamling on July 2nd 2016
Alhousseini Anivolla is nominated for the Afrika Festival award 2016!
Steven Sogo in exil in the US
Currently there are no news items.
|Sandra van Edig
|00227-90821332 and 0049-15254123525


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- Publish date:
- Updated on
- Year
- 1946
Army and Notre Dame fight to a draw
On November 9, 1946, the second-ranked Notre Dame Fighting Irish and the first-ranked Army Cadets play to a historic 0-0 tie at Yankee Stadium in New York. Notre Dame-Army was college football's biggest rivalry, and more than 74,000 people crowded the stands. At a time when football tickets typically cost $1 to $5, many fans had paid scalpers as much as $250 for their seats. The game had been sold out since June.
The two schools had played some exciting games over the years, but none was more thrilling than this one. The Irish had beaten the Cadets every year between 1931 and 1944, but then many of their best players and their coach, Frank Leahy, had gone off to war. As a result, by the mid-1940s Notre Dame was fielding a team of "kids and military rejects," as one player put it. Army's players, on the other hand, were in officer training school and thus didn't have to go overseas, so the Cadets went undefeated in 1944 and 1945. In 1944, they crushed their rivals at Notre Dame 59-0. The next year was almost as bad: The Irish lost 48-0. The team from West Point won the national championship both years, and outscored their opponents 504-35 in 1944 and 412-46 in 1945.
But in 1946, Leahy and his fellow vets were back from overseas, and they were ready to make up for lost time. Notre Dame fans had been sending taunting postcards, signed "SPATNC" (Society for the Prevention of Army's Third National Championship), to Army coach Red Blaik all season long, and one of the favorite cheers on the South Bend campus was "Fifty-nine and forty-eight/This year we retaliate!" That year's big game, one local newspaper reported, would be "a vengeful vendetta in which Leahy and his legions who had listened to those (1944 and 1945) games overseas would demand repayment in kind for the humiliation."
Of course, no one was humiliated that day in the Bronx. The game was a cautious battle between two great coaches, each of whom was just playing not to lose. The Irish neared the Cadet end zone only once, in the second quarter–they got to the four-yard line but were stopped on downs. (Coach Leahy didn't believe in field goals. As one of his players remembered, "if you couldn't ram it in, he thought taking three points would be an insult. He thought Notre Dame was too tough for that.") That same quarter, Army's Doc Blanchard broke free and headed for what seemed to be a certain touchdown, until Notre Dame's Johnny Lujack sprinted across the field, grabbed him by the ankles and knocked him down at the 37. An Irish interception at the 8 preserved the scoreless tie.
Both teams remained undefeated for the rest of the season, but at the end of the year Notre Dame finished first in the AP rankings. Army finished second. The November 9 game was the only one in college football history that featured four Heisman Trophy winners: Army's Blanchard ('45) and Glenn Davis ('46) and Notre Dame's Lojack ('47) and Leon Hart ('49).


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Pruning Your Community Garden: an Approach to Community Lifecycle Management (Part 1)
All enterprise social collaboration platforms include gathering points whereby people can unite with others around a common goal; for example, a program or project, social interest, organization, market segment, product, corporate initiative, technology, etc. Within Quad – Cisco's Enterprise Collaboration Platform and product – these gathering points are referred to as communities. The longevity of any given community will vary based on several factors, which include temporal needs, relevancy, and usefulness. Some communities will be required for a long time while others may only be needed for a short time. Without clear mechanisms to identify the usefulness of each community and manage those that reach end of life, a social collaboration platform can become difficult to manage from a community governance vantage point. The performance of the platform can be negatively impacted by excessive community clutter resulting from orphaned or unused communities.
Specifically, community administrators and owners need a way to access and manage their respective community gardens and prune away communities that are no longer useful. In this blog I describe the initial phase of community lifecycle management processes and tools that Cisco IT is introducing in partnership with the Enterprise Collaboration Platform Business Unit and the Collaboration Business Technologies team, to support community health in Cisco's Integrated Workforce Experience (IWE) program.
Cisco IT's current internal Quad release introduces a click-to-create community feature that allows a user to request and immediately receive a provisioned, ready-to-use community. For more on the community click-to-create request and approval processes, see: http://blogs.cisco.com/ciscoit/fostering-collaboration-through-light-handed-community-governance/.
Our current approach to IWE community lifecycle management involves augmenting Quad's inherent functionality with three new components: a Community Lifecycle Management portlet, a virtual community lifecycle state attribute (one initially with several others in the works), and configurable community end-of-life workflow rules to meet Cisco's legal needs for intellectual property and data retention. The Community Lifecycle Management portlet provides community owners and administrators with visibility into their respective community gardens and the tools to prune as necessary.
There are three different community lifecycle states that can result from the click-to-create request process: Draft Mode Pending Approval, Draft Mode Approved, and Draft Mode Declined (see Figure 1).
Once a community is in the Draft Mode Approved state it can be promoted to a live community (launched) by any of its respective community owners, simply by activating the "Go Live Button" (see Figure 2).
Virtual community lifecycle state attributes allow us to augment the base lifecycle functionality provided by Quad's lifecycle states. For our current internal Quad release we have established a virtual lifecycle state attribute framework and incorporated a single virtual lifecycle state attribute that will be used to reflect whether or not a community has been marked for deletion (see Figure 3).
Through the addition of the "marked-for-deletion" attribute we are able to provide community owners and administrators a way to safely prune the community garden in two steps. In the first step a community owner can mark any of their communities for deletion from the context-sensitive drop-down actions menu within the Community Lifecycle Management portlet; a community administrator can mark any community for deletion using the same mechanism. Once a community has been marked for deletion it carries this virtual lifecycle state attribute along with its actual Quad-specific community lifecycle state (Draft Mode Approved, Draft Mode Declined, Live, etc.) until the process is either reversed (the community is unmarked for deletion and the virtual lifecycle "marked for deletion" attribute is removed) or the community is actually deleted.
The second step in deleting a community can only be carried out by a community administrator for those communities that hold the "marked-for-deletion" attribute and that are eligible for deletion. For a community to be eligible for deletion it must have held the virtual "marked-for-deletion" lifecycle state attribute for a period of time that exceeds the time-to-live setting for the category in which the community is associated.
Cisco IT has just begun its journey to provide robust community lifecycle management capabilities into IWE. Some of the additional features we are working on include the creation of an archived lifecycle state, the ability for community owners and administrators to archive a community and restore a previously archived community, a second virtual lifecycle state attribute to reflect a community in terms of its activity levels, and the heuristics to auto-magically determine a community's activity level based on some combination of community visits, visitor types (e.g., member vs. non-member), content updates, and the purpose of the community (e.g., reference or social). In my next blog I will describe the role that the Community Lifecycle Management portlet plays in helping us to keep our community garden pruned and healthy.
In an effort to keep conversations fresh, Cisco Blogs closes comments after 60 days. Please visit the Cisco Blogs hub page for the latest content.
2 Comments
Gary Steinmetz
Hi Michael,
Thank you for another informative article.
Why must a community have the "marked-for-deletion" flag set for a period of time before it can be deleted? For instance, are there some cases where an administrator would want to delete a community immediately?
Kind Regards,


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|Members List
|Today's Posts
|Mark Forums Read
|Topic Review (Newest First)
|Oct 5th, 2008 08:10 PM
|The Mummies always made me their bitch. It was sad...
|Oct 2nd, 2008 07:52 PM
|mew barios
|this game is great. the remake on x68000 an the reremake for psx were kickass too
|Oct 2nd, 2008 05:09 PM
|Mister Tea
"I actually have my emulator on save state right before the fight with Death, with full health, and I still can't beat him."
Just drop a garlic, let him float into it, and go make some nachos; it takes a while to kill him that way, but he won't be able to touch you.
|Oct 2nd, 2008 02:52 PM
|Guitar Woman
|I always liked how you could avoid the giant vampire bats before the clocktower by just steadily running across the bridge.
|Oct 2nd, 2008 09:14 AM
|The Mighty Pinto
|Cv2 was my first as well, but I never really got that far. I eventually beat it years later, but I'd already played the hell out of I and III so I'd already formed a bit of a bias. CV2 was definitely ahead of its time, but Symphony definitely perfected it's formula.
|Oct 2nd, 2008 02:03 AM
|h8 castlevania
|Oct 1st, 2008 08:34 PM
|I agree with Rog. Castlevania 2 was the first ever Casltevania game I ever had the pleasure of owning and playing. It was also the first Castlevania that more closely resembled an adventure game than a straight forward platformer.
|Oct 1st, 2008 07:20 PM
|I loved every Castlevania game that wasn't on the N64, and I merely liked the N64 ones :P
|Oct 1st, 2008 04:07 PM
|Yes. Symphony of the Night is the best. NO question.
|Oct 1st, 2008 03:42 PM
|Is everyone here delusional? Simon's Quest is the WORST of the 2D Castlevanias. The only good thing to come out of Simon's Quest is Bloody Tears. Also, even though it's been said millions of times, Symphony owns.
|Oct 1st, 2008 02:17 PM
|Mister Tea
For my money, Simon's Quest and Symphony of the Night are the two best; the fact that every single 2D game that's come since has tried to copy them says a hell of lot.
Oh, and Proto: Once you pick up a new weapon in earlier Castlevania games, your old one is lost until you find another; we didn't get the ability to retrieve weapons until Rondo of Blood/Dracula X came along.
|Oct 1st, 2008 12:22 PM
|Crash Dummie
|Yeah, if they're gonna do Castlevanias on current gen consoles (not handhelds), they should take a look at how Capcom remade Bionic Commando. I wouldn't mind a 3D Castlevania that plays like this.
|Oct 1st, 2008 11:19 AM
|Don't get me wrong, I like Simon's Quest, but Dracula's Curse was a far superior game. The replayability was outstanding for the time and the graphics and music actually pushed the limits of the NES. In fact, some of you may remember that Drac's Curse wouldn't play correctly on many emulators due to this fact. (It's been fixed now that better emu's have come out.) Overall, an excellent series. I think they should continue to stay away from the 3d versions however. The best of the series continue to be their 2d installments, in my opinion.
|Sep 30th, 2008 11:47 PM
|Crash Dummie
|I've got ahold of the 3 original NES games this summer and they're all extremely fun and difficult. It was actually my first time playing Castlevania 3, and it may be the best of the original trilogy. The first one is in my opinion equal to Simon's Quest for different reasons. It's more straight-forward and less confusing, which is neither a good or bad thing, as they're very different. The music is great, the action is sweet, the graphics are still alright for what the NES can do, and your review was most excellent.
|Sep 30th, 2008 11:41 PM
The first Castlevania was evil in it's most vile form. No matter how short it was it was a real pain in the neck to get further ahead and the energy was never too abundant.
I don't think that Simon's Quest was all that superior. It was quite frustrating to see that damn screen of "What a horrible night to be outside" and "The sunlight has vanished the horrible night" or something like that every now and then. Also, I never understood why you were allowed to carry only 255 hearts when the counter clearly indicates four zeroes... Talk about some nasty programming.
|Sep 30th, 2008 10:04 PM
|Was it just me, or did the game always freeze up on the battle with The Grim Reaper for anybody else?
|Sep 30th, 2008 09:13 PM
|The first one was always my favorite. I played both the NES and arcade version which I really enjoyed.
|Sep 30th, 2008 05:05 PM
I'm gonna second on Simon's Quest being the best.
I actually have my emulator on save state right before the fight with Death, with full health, and I still can't beat him.
|Sep 30th, 2008 01:58 PM
|Bloodlines was one of the best games ever on any Sega system.
|Sep 30th, 2008 01:29 PM
|As a Sega Backer, I only played Bloodlines. Now that was a great game.
|Sep 30th, 2008 01:14 PM
As far as the Castlevania series goes, I think Castlevania II: Simon's Quest will always be my favorite. That was the game that introduced me to the series, and I think it improved upon the original quite a bit.
And yeah, the music in the Castlevania series is easily some of the best you'll ever find video games. No doubt about it.
|Sep 30th, 2008 12:26 PM
|F THIS GAME...a 7 year old child should not be exposed to such frustration. This is why kids punch other kids at school. Apparently I had a bad game and it would get so glitchy when I was fighting Dracula that it would end up freezing more often then not with about 1 or 2 hits left. I rememeber one time the game crapping out on me just as the axe was over his head to defeat him.
|Sep 30th, 2008 11:25 AM
|Castlevania and Metroid were literally the first two Nintendo games I ever owned. I bought them on the same day, and I actually owned them about 3-4 days before I bought the actual Nintendo system. NES Castlevania still remains as one of my favorite games ever. Despite all the newer Castlevania games that have come out over the years, I still would rate it 3rd best in the series, only behind Symphony of the Night and Dracula's Curse.
|Sep 30th, 2008 10:16 AM
|I never really got to play the original and went right into Castlevania II, which I heard was a lot better all around. Castlevania III was good, but it started getting weird when you could have companions fighting for you, so I think II may have been a little better. Either way, it has always been a pretty fun series and I have always been tempted to track down the original and play it. I guess it kind of suffered the MegaMan syndrome, in which the sequel is so much better that people never want to play the original.
|Sep 30th, 2008 09:04 AM
|The Mighty Pinto
Once I learned how to chump EVERYTHING in this game with holy water, it was a piece of cake. I made the reaper my eternal bitch by (literally) setting his ass on fire.
Now Castlevania III.... THAT game was even worse.
|This thread has more than 25 replies. Click here to review the whole thread.


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Characteristics of Minimum Wage Workers: 2006
According to Current Population Survey estimates for 2006, 76.5 million American workers were paid at hourly rates, representing 59.7 percent of all wage and salary workers.1 Of those paid by the hour, 409,000 were reported as earning exactly $5.15, the prevailing Federal minimum wage. Another 1.3 million were reported as earning wages below the minimum.2 Together, these 1.7 million workers with wages at or below the minimum made up 2.2 percent of all hourly-paid workers. Tables 1-10 present data on a wide array of demographic and socioeconomic characteristics for hourly-paid workers earning at or below the Federal minimum wage. The following are some highlights from the 2006 data.
- Minimum wage workers tend to be young. About half of workers earning $5.15 or less were under age 25, and about one-fourth of workers earning at or below the minimum wage were age 16-19. Among employed teenagers, about 8 percent earned $5.15 or less. About 1 percent of workers age 25 and over earned the minimum wage or less. Among those age 65 and over, the proportion was about 2 percent. (See table 1 and table 7.)
- About 3 percent of women paid hourly rates reported wages at or below the prevailing Federal minimum, compared with under 2 percent of men. (See table 1.)
- About 2 percent of white, black, and Hispanic hourly-paid workers earned $5.15 or less. Among Asian hourly-paid workers, about 1 percent earned the Federal minimum wage or less. For whites, women were twice as likely as men to earn $5.15 or less. (See table 1.)
- Never-married workers, who tend to be young, were more likely to earn the minimum wage or less than married workers. (See table 8.)
- Among hourly-paid workers age 16 and over, nearly 4 percent of those who had less than a high school diploma earned the minimum wage or less, compared to 2 percent of those who had a high school diploma (with no college), and 1 percent of college graduates. (See table 6.)
- Part-time workers (persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week) were more likely than their full-time counterparts to be paid $5.15 or less (about 6 percent versus 1 percent). (See table 1 and table 9.)
- By major occupational group, the highest proportion of workers earning at or below the Federal minimum wage was in service occupations, at about 7 percent. Nearly three in four workers earning $5.15 or less in 2006 were employed in service occupations, mostly in food preparation and service jobs. Fewer than 1 percent of hourly-paid workers in management, professional, and related occupations and in natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations earned at or below the prevailing Federal minimum wage. (See table 4.)
- The industry with the highest proportion of workers with reported hourly wages at or below $5.15 was leisure and hospitality (about 13 percent). About three-fifths of all workers paid at or below the Federal minimum wage were employed in this industry, primarily in the food services and drinking places component. For many of these workers, tips and commissions supplement the hourly wages received. (See table 5.)
- Among the states, Alabama, Arkansas, and Oklahoma had the highest proportion of hourly-paid workers earning at or below $5.15 (nearly 4 percent). California and Minnesota had the lowest proportion earning the minimum wage or less (less than 1 percent). It should be noted that some states have minimum wage laws establishing minimum wage standards that exceed the Federal level of $5.15 per hour. (See table 2 and table 3.)
- The proportion of hourly-paid workers earning the prevailing Federal minimum wage or less has trended downward since 1979, when data first began to be collected on a regular basis. (See table 10.)
Source: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics. Bureau of Labor Statistics' data on minimum wage earners are derived from the Current Population Survey (CPS), a nationwide sample survey of households that includes questions enabling the identification of hourly-paid workers and their hourly wage rate. Data in this summary are 2006 annual averages.
1 Data are for wage and salary workers, excluding the unincorporated and incorporated self-employed, and refer to earnings on a person's sole or principal job.
2 It should be noted that the presence of a sizable number of workers with reported wages below the minimum does not necessarily indicate violations of the Fair Labor Standards Act, as there are exemptions to the minimum wage provisions of the law. Indeed, the relatively large number of workers with reported wages below the minimum in 2006 includes about 250,000 hourly-paid workers reported as earning exactly $5.00 per hour; to some extent, this may reflect rounding in the responses of survey participants. The estimates of the numbers of minimum and subminimum wage workers presented in the accompanying tables pertain to workers paid at hourly rates; salaried and other non-hourly workers are excluded. As such, the actual number of workers with earnings at or below the prevailing minimum is undoubtedly understated. Research has shown that a relatively smaller number and share of salaried workers and others not paid by the hour have earnings that, when translated into hourly rates, are at or below the minimum wage. However, BLS does not routinely estimate hourly earnings for non-hourly workers because of data concerns that arise in producing these estimates. For further information, see Steven Haugen and Earl Mellor, "Estimating the number of minimum wage workers," Monthly Labor Review, January 1990 (PDF 415K).
Characteristics of Minimum Wage Workers: 2006, Tables 1 - 10
Characteristics of Minimum Wage Workers: 2006 (PDF)
Last Modified Date: September 12, 2016


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As we said goodbye to 2012, we saw 17 per cent of the population in ownership of a tablet device. Once all the gifts have been opened and the January sales come to an end, it's estimated that this will have risen to 30 per cent.
The launch of neat devices at relatively low price points, coupled with the emergence of strong competitors to Apple, has opened up the market to the population. This makes 2013 the year we will see publishers maximise their offerings in digital print.
In 2012, we held a two-week event at MPG Media Contacts called Press Revolution in which we aimed to educate the agency on the emergence of digital print platforms and the impact this is having on the world of print. We welcomed industry bodies, publishers and industry professionals into the agency and debated the future of print and digital platforms.
We concluded that there have been some great starts, but many publishers still had a long way to go in tightening their offerings and ensuring they were targeted and functional. The last quarter has seen that start to happen with a fantastic launch from Grazia and the Mail soft-launching Mail Plus on the Kindle Fire. This year will see other titles catch up and starting to offer fully interactive issues rather than PDFs with a couple of links.
Some creative agencies have not found the move into digital the easiest and a lot of opportunities to engage have been missed. As we trialled and errored, we've seen a few cases of overkill, with repetitive copy running in the same title for more than a month. Something we all know will not have great results with any audience.
This year needs to see creative agencies working with media agencies, publishers and clients to develop clever tablet copy that takes advantage of the mobility and interactivity a tablet device can offer.
In 2012, titles such as The Week and The Telegraph began providing accountable numbers. As this grows and buyers learn what to ask for, the process will become a lot less daunting and digital print will become a justifiable channel on the media schedule.
This year will see the launch of the ABC QuickView, which will aid developments and allow agencies to get a combined circulation across a media owner's range of platforms. This, combined with the insight that the National Readership Survey PADD can offer (which will also include tablet later in 2013), makes a once shadowy buy a lot easier to partake in and, more importantly, possible to justify.
The Guardian has approached agencies already about an alternative to cost-per-single-column-centimetre, selling ready-built advertising packages across its platforms. While News International failed on the audience sell a couple of years ago, media agencies will need to look at the best way to buy cross-platform partnerships. It's only natural we will look at more than a page rate to decide the value of a campaign. I think it's unlikely we will move to the audience buy but look more at trading and achieving value across the whole package and less in individual elements.
As publishers develop their cross-platform brands and finally offer the fully integrated sell, agencies will also move to embrace these changes. I think buying in the traditional silos will naturally diminish as specialists work together to offer true brand partnerships between media brands and clients.
Agency buyers will also have many more opportunities open to them, as publishers know that a media first is as valuable as it always has been. In 2012, we have seen traditionally precious brands open their doors to coverwraps, inside front cover spreads and takeovers, and I think 2013 will only see this continue.
Editorial teams will continue to see the commercial benefits of offering these formats and will need to move in this direction – especially as readership moves online, where the print pound becomes the digital penny.
Finally, it will be interesting to see what the auditors make of this new platform and how they will analyse the effectiveness of brand campaigns. They too will need to develop new skills in assessing the buying effectiveness of the agency.
This year could be one of the – if not the – most exciting we have seen in the world of print. We will witness the digital launch of many famous brands, increasing opportunities for agencies and clients and, in essence, creating a whole new way of consuming press.
Amy King is the head of press at MPG Media Contacts


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Leftover Oscar thoughts:
Leftover Oscar thoughts:
Jennifer Lawrence is rocketing up the list of coolest people in Hollywood.
It's pretty easy to tell she doesn't give a rat's behind what you think of her.
She says whatever she wants, it seems like she does whatever she wants, and now that she's got an Oscar, she's probably going to ratchet it up to a whole new level.
We should all be very excited for the next 10 years of Jennifer Lawrence, or at least until some PR flunky gets a hold of her and teaches how to keep her yap shut.
Funniest moment of the night, by far, was Seth MacFarlane's "Saw Your Boobs" song.
As the current Hollywood savant in the art of network television envelope-pushing, he had to do something that wouldn't give the censors a heart attack, but still would be wild and funny enough to live up to his fans' expectations.
Done and done.
We should seriously start a pool next year to predict who the Oscars will miss in the "In Memoriam" segment.
This year would have been hard, but when you miss the maid from "The Goonies" (which they did) why are you even bothering running the thing?
What was up with Kristen Stewart?
I know she was sporting crutches, but I've had broken legs before, and I was never very doped up on painkillers.
So whatever it was that made her look more dead than anyone in the "In Memoriam" piece, she needs to lay off it, pronto.
Apparently, she stepped on glass and ended up on those crutches. Maybe she was trying to take down some bad guys at Nakatomi Tower and had to run across a glass-filled floor just to escape their perilous clutches.
Kristen Stewart, John McClane scoffs at you.
Quentin Tarantino is my cinematic god and there was thunderous applause from my couch when he won his second screenplay Oscar.
But why are you even bothering wearing a tie if you're just going to loosen it down to your belly button?
At least he looks like he's back to his fighting weight after packing on about 50 pounds in "Django."
While everyone was falling all over themselves saying how great Halle Berry looked, I thought someone designed her hair using Ted Stroehmann's hair gel from "There's Something About Mary."
Michael Sadowski is a Pocono Record writer
and the author of PopRox,
a local entertainment and pop culture blog at blogs.thepoconos.com/pop-rox. Contact him at firstname.lastname@example.com.


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I've suffered from Depression & Anxiety disorders for as long as I can remember, except they were not given a name to me until I was in my twenties & went to my GP & saw a checklist of things that if you experience for more than two weeks is considered depression. I cried. They were tears of relief. They were tears for all those times I pulled out of social appearances, put up appearances or just wanted to disappear.
The biggest depressive episode occurred after the birth of my first baby 4.5 years ago & was actually termed Postnatal/Postpartum Depression. I was admitted to a Psych clinic with my daughter, was medicated, received intensive therapy & slowly recovered. To say that I have not suffered from Depressive episodes or anxiety since then would be a complete lie, but I have learnt how to cope, to deal & to move forward even though I want to stay in bed & sleep the days away. At these times, I am less visible on social media & it takes more energy than normal to look ok & to get on with the daily
chores tasks of motherhood & parenthood. And two years ago, I went on to have another baby after my PPMD & although I wasn't sucked back into the eye of the storm, I was certainly tested.
So, nearly five years on from my PPMD, I'm still battling the Demons that are Depression & Anxiety disorders. I've actually named my depression Patty & my anxiety Selma – giving them names helps identify who's with me on any given day or impacting my decisions. And then I read a book as part of the Warrior Mom Book Club called, ' The Ghost in the House: Real Mothers Talk About Maternal Depression, Raising Children, and How They Cope' (by Tracy Thompson) & the same sense of relief I had in the doctors surgery many years ago was felt again. You see, I now consider my Depression as Maternal Depression. I have a new profound understanding on what I am battling against – it's depression that affects mothers of older kids & no longer infants/toddlers (although I still have two preschool children). My Depression does not only impact me, but impacts my children too. And more so, I can't sleep the days away as I have a family to look after & take care of.
Searching for information & resources for 'maternal depression' & the results that come up focus on Postpartum Depression/Postnatal Depression which 'medically & scientifically' speaking occur/commence within the first 12 months following the birth of a baby. However, what happens after that? Is it still considered PPD/PND years later when you're still suffering the cyclic pattern of low moods, apathy, irritation etc? When researching Maternal Depression, you find articles discussing the long-term effects on children whose mother doesn't read to them, sing to them, interact with them etc. They're also referring to those mothers who are unable to work & contribute financially to the family also adding financial stress to the equation. I'm neither of the above. My postpartum period is well & truly reached its expiry date & I interact all the time with my kids BECAUSE I don't want them to experience any lasting effects of MY ongoing mental illness. In fact, most of my exhaustion stems from showering my kids with my emotional availability that by the end of the day sometimes I am too exhausted to show my husband the same amount of consideration.
There are not many resources for us mums suffering maternal depression, other than being pigeon-hold with other women suffering depression or those suffering with PPD/PND which I think is wrong. I think we need special consideration as our depression doesn't affect just us, but can also affect our kids – the very people that learn off us & who actually 'see' with us & see us without our masks on. They aren't old enough to rationalise it like our partners/friends can – they feel responsible, learn how to not cope & handle situations etc. I'm not just a female that suffers depression, I'm a mother looking after preschool aged children. My depression is not as severe as above & I'm able to interact with my children, I just have those episodes that can last a few days or a few weeks. I am still capable of caring for them.
In my teens & twenties, I would retreat during my depressive episodes. I would throw myself into my work, being extra ambitious & working long hours. With maternal depression it's impossible for me to retreat & hide away until I feel up going out. I can't throw myself into work either because being a mum & taking care of my preschool aged children is my work. There is nowhere to hide except into my own head & with my ongoing internal dialogue.
I have often forced myself to playgroups, to walk to the shops for adult & social interaction & to ensure my kids exposed to other faces, places, sites & experiences. I make the effort to not let my moods impact them. I work really hard on this. We know that kids are smarter than we give them credit for. They're able to spot a fraud a mile off & this sometimes scares the hell out of me on the days I'm wearing my mask or forcing a smile on my face.
I also feel guilty at times that my mood disorders are preventing my kids from having a fulfilling childhood – the times where I don't have the energy to take them to the park or the times when planning a trip to the zoo becomes too overwhelming because of sleep schedules & my anxiety linked with this. I know that day naps will not be forever & the future will be filled with concerts, movies, zoos & aquariums etc, but not now & not yet. I want them to look back on their childhood & remember feeling loved, safe & secure more than I want them remembering giraffes & fish anyway!
So where does this all leave me? I am a work in progress. I'm not sure I'll ever be cured or free of Patty or Selma accompanying me throughout my, or my children's lives, but I am learning strategies on how to better manage these episodes & instances. I want my kids to know that mental illness is nothing to be ashamed of. I want them to be accepting of me & the experiences I bring to our mother & child relationship & to motherhood. I want them to one day know that I did my best to shield them from anything too scary or long term by having ongoing therapy & by being medicated. I want my children to be proud of me – by not letting my mental illness or mood disorders affect my decision to start a family & bring these two amazing little people into our life.
Source: The Ghost in the House: Real Mothers Talk About Maternal Depression, Raising Children, and How They Cope by Tracy Thompson


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Jason Sudeikis is leaving "Saturday Night Live."
The comedian confirmed the news during his Wednesday appearance on "The Late Show with David Letterman," which airs on CBS, one of NBC's many rival networks. Classy.
The talk show's official Twitter account sent out a tweet Tuesday blasting the news and linking to the teaser for the Wednesday evening episode.
Sudeikis is the latest in a long line of comedians who have left the sketch comedy showcase. Last year, favorites Kristen Wiig and Andy Samberg made their exits. In May, eight-year vet Bill Hader announced he would be leaving as well. Sometime next year, "Weekend Update" anchor and head writer Seth Meyers is expected to depart to take over "Late Night" from "SNL" alum Jimmy Fallon, who's taking over for Jay Leno on "The Tonight Show."
Sudeikis appeared on Letterman's talk show Wednesday to promote his Aug. 7 comedy "We're the Millers," costarring Jennifer Aniston and Emma Roberts. But the host was keen to ask him about the other big job on his resume: "SNL."
"Now, how many years have you been regularly employed at 'Saturday Night Live?'"
"Regularly?" Sudeikis asked. "If you could call it regularly employed, 10 years. Ten years, yeah, yeah."
The comedian, who is engaged to actress Olivia Wilde, has indeed worked on the sketch series for a decade. He started off on the long-running NBC show in 2003 as a writer. He took on a few on-camera roles in 2005 then joined up as a cast regular in 2006. Sudeikis told Letterman that Meyers has been on the show the longest, and that Kenan Thompson joined the cast soon after he himself started there as a writer.
"And how long will a person continue with this, you suppose?" Letterman prodded.
"A person in general, or me specifically?" Sudeikis asked to audience laughter.
"Whatever you like. Either way or both."
"Well, I mean, a person can go as long as they want. I mean, Lorne [Michaels] has been kicking butt at it for 33 out of the 38 years, you know. But me, yeah, no, I'm definitely done."
And there it is. Cue the "Awwws" from the audience.
"Really? You're leaving?" the host asked.
"Yeah, I'm going to leave. Yeah, I'm not coming back next fall," Sudeikis replied, confirming the news.
"Now, do they know that? I mean, have you run this by someone?" Letterman asked in that mock, father-knows-best way of his.
"I don't know what kind of ratings you're getting these days, but, I mean, you know, I would hope someone would, you know, would tell them after this point, yeah," the comedian quipped.
"No, you should have called first," Letterman laughed.
"I should have, right?" he replied.
Uh, awkward much?
The pair continued the conversation back and forth with Sudeikis explaining that he still wasn't planning on going back after "SNL's" summer break.
"You start to get that itch probably in August, where all these sketch ideas will show up and I'll be like, 'Well, can I make this sketch idea last 90 minutes and turn it into a movie!?' Probably not. Probably not, yeah."
"Well, so congratulations on a great career over there…. Good for you," Letterman said, with the audience breaking out in applause.
"No, it's been fantastic, yeah. It's been really, really amazing, yeah. I was very, very lucky."
Nice save, yeah?
What do you think of Sudeikis' exit?
Follow Ministry of Gossip @LATcelebs.


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Many people think Tilda Swinton is strange.
By phone, the "Only Lovers Left Alive" star both saluted that perception ("It's ridiculous and hilarious ... it means I can pass unnoticed, and I'm thrilled") and offered three things she thinks are strange:
1. "The strangest part I ever played was that of a corporate lawyer [in "Michael Clayton," for which she won a Best Supporting Actress Oscar]. That was pretty exotic. That felt like a magical beast, and it's strange to imagine that those people actually do exist."
2. That people eat pork belly. "I've just never gone there. I've tried to go there, but I've always refused at that fence. One day someone will make pork belly in such a way that I will find it delicious. So far it's outside of my zone."
3. Willful cruelty and unkindness.
In other words, even if you think Swinton ("The Chronicles of Narnia," "We Need to Talk About Kevin") is odd, you also should think she's awesome. In director Jim Jarmusch's ("Broken Flowers") "Only Lovers Left Alive," opening Friday, the 53-year-old actress plays Eve, a several-thousand-years-old vampire married to Adam (Tom Hiddleston), a much-younger vampire. As in, he's only some 500 years old.
Do you have any sense of something you'd like to do in Chicago if you actually had time to spend here?
The last thing I did in Chicago was I went to the Chicago Art Institute. There's a really great Sargent painting there of my great-grandmother. Isn't that an amazing thing to be able to say? And the last time I was in Chicago I was in between two flights and I left the airport and came in and went to the Art Institute, saw the painting and then went back to the airport. It was kind of insane. That was the last thing I did in Chicago ... Anybody who feels like going to the Art Institute to see a painting of Mrs. George Swinton, who's a really great-looking woman in a fabulous dress, go and do it! You will not be cheated.
When you were there did you look around to the other people in the room and say, "That's my great-grandmother"?
I had a huge sign saying "That's my great-grandmother" hung around my neck. Nobody noticed. Everybody else was doing the same with other paintings.
In "Only Lovers Left Alive," Adam and Eve are both very old, but it seems like they're still excusive to each other. If everyone was immortal--or as close to immortal as they can get--what do you think would happen to monogamy?
Well, if you find someone that you really, really like and you really dig, who's really interesting to you, why would you ever go off them? Especially if they're really different from you. I think there's something really great in this film about the fact that Adam and Eve are just so different and so interested by each other. That's why it keeps going. And so of course they do live slightly in different places [Laughs] so they never get sick of each other. Maybe that's got something to do with it. Why would you ever run out of ideas if you like someone that much?
That sounds beautiful, but don't you think that's easier said than done? When couples get it right they get it right, but so many out there have trouble staying together a couple years, much less a thousand years.
Yeah, I suppose. I don't know. I think there's one thing that people are very often tricked into which is this idea that you get together and you have to edit yourself, so that if you like salsa dancing and your sweetheart doesn't like salsa dancing, then you give it up because they don't like it. Sooner or later you're going to mind that thing; you're going to want to do it. I love the idea that people come together, they really like each other, they like each other for what they are and they don't try to edit each other. They just support each other and keep each other company while they are themselves. I know it sounds ideal, but it's a pretty good formula I would suggest. And if you do live forever there's no particular reason why that formula would ever run out of steam I don't think.
How do you imagine that they met? How did this relationship get started?
Oh, that's so great. I have no idea. I think we can all imagine all sorts of different scenarios. They've been married I think four times. In the photograph she finds in his apartment is their fourth wedding. I have no idea. Just fantasize away on how they met.
I was trying to find some corollary with now and how people perceive relationships between people of different ages. When you start to think of someone who is six times your age (500 vs. 3,000), I think that goes beyond cougar into some kind of animal that might not exist.
Oh, yeah. Way beyond unicorn I would say.
Both of them are to varying degrees depressed about human progress or lack thereof. What would impress a vampire? What would people have to do to make Adam and Eve turn that frown upside down?
I don't think she's depressed. He gets a bit down because he's just a little less evolved, but she's lived for so long that she doesn't sweat the small the medium or the large stuff. She's so determined to look on the bright side and be grateful and I do think that's something that-- I had a grandmother who was 97 and she had this attitude to life. She'd lived for long enough to know that at the end of the day there's so much to be grateful for, you just have to keep looking up. And I suppose what a vampire would want for humans is that they be that positive. That they just keep their hearts high and be kind to one another and take care of nature and be guided by nature. It's a tall order because humans find it hard to do those things, but I think that's certainly what Eve would want of humans. And she's an optimist so she's always hoping that humans will get that high.
Now I'm imagining a scene in the movie where they go see a children's play where all the songs are about loving each other and being happy and being positive and them seeing a different viewpoint of humanity.
Yeah, yeah. That sounds like a DVD extra. Maybe children in that fantasy know more than adults do, but it's certainly worth shooting for.
What did the blood really consist of in the film as you were consuming it?
Something that I thought was quite delicious and Tom Hiddleston found disgusting. I don't know what it was. No, I know what it was: It was beetfruit juice. Some kind of beetfruit thing. He didn't like it, but I thought it was really nice. We made popsicles out of it. Which was delicious.
Why did he think that was disgusting?
I don't know. He didn't like it. But I like it. I like beets.
The movie takes this vampire story that has become so common in mainstream film and takes a much different and more original approach to it. What's another mainstream movie mainstay you'd like to see get an original twist from a filmmaker that actually has a vision?
Oh, wow. Zombie movies are getting quite a bit of play these days, and some people are having great fun with that. I don't know; that's a good question. I have to think about that. I think a love story between zombies would be nice.
Did you see "Warm Bodies"?
No, I've never seen "Warm Bodies." Is that a love story between zombies?
Well, it's between a human and an ex-human/current zombie.
Oh, no, but it has to be between two zombies. That's one of the things that's great about "Only Lovers." There's this idea that generally speaking vampires are lonely. That they're having some tortured relationship with humans; they're the only ones, or they're Christopher Lee flying through the night or whatever. And one of the things that's great about "Only Lovers" is it's about the family of vampires all living together. By the way I just saw another fantastic vampire film here at South by Southwest which I want to tell you about. It's this documentary about vampires ["What We Do in the Shadows"] made by Taika Waititi. It's absolutely fantastic. About a bunch of vampires who live in a flat together in Wellington, New Zealand.
Oh, interesting.
With Jemaine Clement from "Flight of the Conchords." It's kind of ridiculous.
Are you more interested in things that scare you or things that don't?
What an incredible question. I'm generally more interested in things that don't scare me, Matt, if you must know. But what an amazing question. [Laughs] If I had a choice I would rather not be scared.
Even if something challenges you, then, is there no fear there?
I'm not big on fear. I'm big on comfort. I'm very idle. I like to be amongst my friends and do stuff that feels cozy. No, I'm not a masochist.
At the Oscars when you accepted your award you said that you were giving the trophy to your American agent, who looked like the statue. Is it really at his house right now?
Yeah! I gave it to him. He used to live in Los Angeles; he now lives in New York. I think it's in his apartment in New York. It's his.
Do you know of anyone else who has done that with an Oscar they've done?
I don't know. I have no idea. I don't know what they do with them. But I felt that he deserved it, so it felt like the right thing to do.
That was so nice of you.
He really, really likes it.
I'm sure he does. I'm going to give you three options, please feel free to take advantage of whichever one that you like. Can you either tell me a joke, rap part of a song you know the words to or sing part of your favorite TV theme song?
OK, I'll tell you a joke. And it's the first one that comes to mind and I'm apologizing in advance for it, OK?
OK. Three nuns sitting on a bench and a man jumps out of a bush and exposes himself. And two nuns immediately have a stroke, and the third one can't reach.
(I pause for a minute, then laugh.)
Did you get it? Did it really take you that long to get it?
It did not take me that long. I was being patient and seeing if there was anything else to come. That was nicely done.
Let's let everybody sit with that one and see if they find that funny. That was told to me by a 14-year-old girl and long may she reign.
Is there anything you haven't gotten to do on screen that you'd still like to do?
No, I have a very dull imagination. I can never really imagine that I will do anything else on screen until I have some conversation with somebody who whips up some curiosity, so no, I have no desire to ever be onscreen again, Matt, [Laughs] to be honest with you. I always intend my last film to be my last one. So until next time, that's it.
What's a question that you would be happy to never get again, and a question you'd be thrilled if someone would ask you?
I would really like someone to ask me to never talk about making films again, to be honest. Which doesn't mean that I don't like talking about it, but it would be a relief if someone said, "Please do us a favor and never talk about making films again." That would be great. What would I not like to be asked? I can't think! I don't think there's anything particularly. I can't think. Nothing particularly.
So you would prefer not to do any more interviews is what you're saying?
Kinda. Kinda. Which I don't mean to be mean-spirited. But I would rather listen to other people talking about it than talk about it myself, to be honest.
Well, I think that's a great place to stop then. Thanks so much for your time, Tilda.
[Laughs] OK, Matt. Thanks a million.
Watch Matt review the week's big new movies Fridays at noon on NBC.
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