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SAMJ: South African Medical Journal
On-line version ISSN 2078-5135
Print version ISSN 0256-9574
SAMJ, S. Afr. med. j. vol.99 n.1 Cape Town Jan. 2009
Rural-origin health science students at South African universities
J M TumboI; I D CouperII; J F M HugoIII
IMB ChB, MCFP (SA), MFamMed. Department of Family Medicine and Primary Health Care, University of Limpopo, Ga-Rankuwa
IIBA, MB BCh, MFamMed. Division of Rural Health, Department of Family Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg
IIIMB ChB, MFamMed. Department of Family Medicine, University of Pretoria
BACKGROUND: Rural areas in all countries suffer from a shortage of health care professionals. In South Africa, the shortage is particularly marked; some rural areas have a doctor-to-population ratio of 5.5:100 000. Similar patterns apply to other health professionals. Increasing the proportion of rural-origin students in faculties of health sciences has been shown to be one way of addressing such shortages, as the students are more likely to work in rural areas after graduating.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the proportion of rural-origin students at all medical schools in South Africa.
DESIGN: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted in2003. Lists of undergraduate students admitted from 1999 to2002 for medicine, dentistry, physiotherapy and occupationaltherapy were obtained from 9 health science faculties. Origins of students were classified as city, town and rural by meansof postal codes. The proportion of rural-origin students was determined and compared with the percentage of rural people in South Africa (46.3%).
RESULTS: Of the 7 358 students, 4 341 (59%) were from cities, 1 107 (15%) from towns and 1 910 (26%) from rural areas. The proportion of rural-origin students in the different courses nationally were: medicine - 27.4%, physiotherapy - 22.4%, occupational therapy - 26.7%, and dentistry - 24.8%.
CONCLUSION: The proportion of rural-origin students in South Africa was considerably lower than the national rural population ratio. Strategies are needed to increase the number of rural-origin students in universities via preferential admission to alleviate the shortage of health professionals in rural areas.
Rural areas globally experience shortages of health care professionals. In South Africa, 46% and 46.3% of the population lived in rural areas in 1996 and 2001 respectively,1,2 but doctors were not similarly distributed. In 1993, the poorest districts in the country, which were largely rural, had 5.5 doctors per 100 000 population, compared with 35.6 in the wealthiest districts.3 The situation has not improved subsequently; in 2003, in the public sector, the mainly rural Eastern Cape and North West provinces had 12.7 and 11.5 doctors per 100 000 population; in comparison, the Western Cape and Gauteng had 31.9 and 25.4 doctors per 100 000 population, respectively.3 The corresponding figures for other health care professionals are similar or worse. Internationally, this disproportionate distribution of health care professionals has been shown to be influenced by factors such as domestic origin of the professionals, career choice, social amenities in urban areas, and the availability of specialists to support doctors.4 In Australia (a developed country with a substantial rural population), the main determinants for doctors remaining in rural practice have been shown to be rural background of medical students and a specialty choice in family practice.5
Increasing the proportion of rural-origin medical students in medical schools has the potential of alleviating the shortage of doctors in rural areas. Evidence from various countries that rural background is strongly associated with rural practice6-8 has been confirmed in South Africa.9 Nevertheless, no co-ordinated strategy exists for increasing the enrolment of ruralorigin students in South African health science faculties. We evaluated the admission data of rural-origin students to enable selection committees to formulate policies in this regard and to inform the national Department of Health (DoH) about the medical manpower needs of rural populations.
A retrospective descriptive study was conducted in 2003 that included 9 health science faculties in South Africa from the universities of Cape Town (UCT), Free State (UFS), Limpopo (UL - formerly Medical University of South Africa (MEDUNSA)), KwaZulu-Natal (UKZN), Pretoria (UP), Stellenbosch (SU), Walter Sisulu University (WSU - formerly University of Transkei), Western Cape (UWC) and Witwatersrand (Wits).
Lists of undergraduate students enrolled for medicine, dentistry, occupational therapy and physiotherapy between 1999 and 2002 were obtained from the deans of the 9 faculties. Details of all students' addresses at the time of enrolment were obtained. Postal codes were used to classify addresses as city, town or rural. For this study, city was classified as major metropoles and provincial capitals, towns as regional centres, and rural as areas outside major urban areas, provincial capitals and towns. Students from foreign countries (128) and those without postal codes were excluded. Names of individual students were not used.
Ethical approval for conducting this study was obtained from the Research Ethics and Publication Committee of UL.
Full data for the 4 years and courses were obtained from 7 of the 9 universities. UCT supplied data for 2001 and 2002 only, and SU for 2002 only. UWC did not offer medicine, and UCT did not offer dentistry. Information on 7 358 students was obtained from all 9 universities. Of the students, 4 341 (59%) were from cities, 1 107 (15%) from towns and 1 910 (26%) from rural areas.
In 5 of the 9 universities, the proportion of rural-origin students was <25%. UL and UFS had >40% rural-origin students (Table I). UL consistently had a proportion of ruralorigin students equal to or greater than the national rural population proportion of 46%.
All four disciplines had a rural-student proportion <30% (Table II).
In all courses, the proportion of rural-origin students was less than a third of the total student population (Fig. 1). The proportion of rural students was 16% in one instance. There was no significant trend in any direction in the proportions of rural students admitted over the 4-year period.
These results provide baseline information regarding the domestic origins of health science students at 9 South African universities. The selected professional disciplines play a critical role in the care of patients at public health institutions. The average proportion of rural-origin health science students nationally over the 4-year period was 26%. In the 4 abovementioned disciplines, the average proportion of rural-origin students ranged between 22.3% and 27.5%, compared with the rural population of 46%.
There was a steady increase in the total number of health science students in South African universities between 1999 and 2002, ranging from 20% in medicine to 67% in occupational therapy. However, the proportion of rural-origin students did not increase and, in occupational therapy, the proportion of rural-origin students halved over a 3-year period. These findings are in contrast with Australia and the USA, where deliberate strategies have increased the admission of ruralorigin students.5,10
A South African study showed that 38.4% of rural-origin graduates were in rural practice, and 45.9% of doctors in rural areas were of rural origin,9 which is similar to patterns in other countries. In Norway, 56% of graduates from rural areas continued to work in such areas.10 Rural-origin graduates from the Universities of Missouri, Columbia,5 and Jefferson Medical College, Pennsylvania,11 were respectively 3 and 5 times more likely to remain in rural practice than those of urban origins, which suggests that the origin of students in the health science professions is an important determinant in predicting where they eventually practise. The relatively low number of rural-origin students in South African universities indicates that this factor has not been addressed in connection with the shortage of health professionals in rural South Africa.
The low proportions of rural-origin students in health science faculties could also be the result of lack of policy on preferential admission, poor academic performance of applicants from rural areas, disparity in the levels of education between urban and rural schools, and lack of access by students in rural areas to career guidance and information on university admission criteria. Inconsistency in the proportions of rural-origin students possibly points to the absence of national guidelines or policy regarding preferential admission of students from rural areas. The 2001/2002 DoH annual report acknowledged the significant contribution that selective recruitment and training of people from rural areas could have in solving the human resource problem in rural areas.12 In the report, the DoH committed to provide conditional grants and to remove disincentives that discourage doctors and other health professionals from working in rural areas. Our study supports the need for such interventions to increase the proportion of students of rural origin. The DoH National Health Summit in 2001 recommended that solving rural manpower shortages would require revised admission criteria, creative recruitment strategies, effective support for students from rural areas, and bursary arrangements to ensure a supply of students from rural and under-served areas.13,14 Specific bursaries and scholarships to rural-origin students, as supported by the World Organization of Family Doctors (WONCA) working party on training for rural practice,15 could also increase admissions on the model of rural scholarship schemes.16 Such strategies have not yet been developed.
The Higher Education Act (Act 101 of 1997, section 37) stipulates that '... the admission policy of a public higher education institution must provide appropriate measures for the redress of past inequalities and may not unfairly discriminate in any way'.17 Some universities have implemented this policy. UCT differentiates applicants on a racial basis, with different minimum entry requirements for each race to allow for black students with lower points than their white counterparts. UCT's criterion for admission of black students into medicine in 2009 is 36 points, compared with 42 for white students.18 A similar admission policy should be adopted by all universities and extended to include rural-origin students, who are at a disadvantage as a result of poor educational background and lack of facilities comparable with those in urban areas.
Our study did not seek to identify reasons for the rural distribution; it was also limited by inadequacy of data regarding students' demographic characteristics. Most universities would not provide even anonymous demographic data, citing the need to maintain student confidentiality. It was therefore not possible to evaluate the situation regarding pertinent characteristics such as race, sex and high-school locale. The imprecision of using postal codes to differentiate between rural and non-rural areas is acknowledged; however, they provide a reasonable proxy for students' backgrounds. In the absence of better means of categorisation, the researchers' knowledge of these areas augmented the final characterisation.
In South African universities, the proportion of health science students from rural areas remains low. In terms of the principle of equity, one might argue that the proportion of rural-origin students at universities should reflect national demographics.
The lower proportion of rural-origin students may partly be attributed to poor education in rural areas and the absence of a policy on preferential admission. There is a need for educational institutions, including universities, to become involved in rural schools and so uplift education levels. Increasing the proportion of rural-origin students at universities will tend to provide more health care workers who are more likely to serve in rural areas. Therefore, South Africa needs to develop an affirmative action strategy for rural-origin students. Incentives, guidelines and quotas to increase the admission proportion of rural-origin students are also needed. These steps should lay the foundation for a lasting solution to alleviating personnel shortages in rural areas.
This article was supported by the Rural Doctors Association of South Africa (RuDASA) and the Madibeng Centre for Research (MCR).
1. Census South Africa 1996. Pretoria: Statistics South Africa. http://www.statssa.gov.za (accessed 26 November 2002). [ Links ]
2. Census South Africa 2001. Pretoria: Statistics South Africa. http://www.statssa.gov.za (accessed 20 November 2002). [ Links ]
3. Day C, Gray A. Health and related indicators. In: Ijumba P, Barron P, eds. South African Health Review 2002. Durban: Health Systems Trust, 2003. [ Links ]
4. Cullison S, Reid C, Colwill JS. Medical school admissions, speciality selection and distribution of physicians. JAMA 1976; 235: 502-505. [ Links ]
5. Rabinowitz HK. A program to increase the number of family physicians in rural and underserved areas. Impact after 22 years. JAMA 1999; 281: 255-260. [ Links ]
6. Playford D, Larson A, Wheatland B. Going country: rural student placement factors associated with future rural employment in nursing and allied health. Aust J Rural Health 2006; 14(1): 14-19. [ Links ]
7. Laven G, Wilkinson D. Rural doctors and rural backgrounds: how strong is the evidence? A systematic review. Aust J Rural Health 2003; 11: 277-284. [ Links ]
8. Easterbrook M, Godwin M, Wilson R, et al. Rural background and clinical rural rotations during medical training: effect on practice location. CMAJ 1999; 160(8): 1159-1163. [ Links ]
9. De Vries E, Reid S. Do South African medical students of rural origin return to rural practice? S Afr Med J 2003; 93: 789-793. [ Links ]
10. Magnus JH, Tollan A. Rural doctor recruitment: Does medical education in rural districts recruit doctors to rural areas? Med Educ 1993; 27: 250-253. [ Links ]
11. Rabinowitz HK. Evaluation of a selective medical schools admission policy to increase the number of family physicians in rural and underserved areas. N Engl J Med 1998; 319: 480-486. [ Links ]
12. Human Resources and Equity: Department of Health Annual Report 2001/2002. Pretoria: Department of Health, 2002. [ Links ]
13. National Health Summit Proceedings, April 2001. Pretoria: Department of Health, 2001. [ Links ]
14. Lehmann U, Andrews G, Sanders D. Change and innovation in South African medical schools. South African Health Review 2000. Durban: Health Systems Trust, 2001: 10-11. [ Links ]
15. WONCA working party on training for rural practice. Policy on Training for Rural Practice. http://www.wonca.org (accessed 11 November 2003). [ Links ]
16. Ross AJ, Couper ID. Rural scholarship schemes: A solution to the human resource crisis in rural district hospitals. S Afr Fam Pract 2004; 46(1): 5-6. [ Links ]
17. The Higher Education Act 1997. Pretoria: South African Government Information. www.info.gov.za/gazette/acts/1997 (accessed 10 April 2008). [ Links ]
18. The University of Cape Town Admissions Policy. Cape Town: University of Cape Town, 2008. www.uct.ac.za/apply/prospectus/ugprospecus2009 (accessed 12 May 2008). [ Links ]
Accepted 26 August 2008.
Corresponding author: J Tumbo (firstname.lastname@example.com)


text:
Are you trying every product available while trying to look for a organic Face moisturizer that will give your skin the kind of velvety soft look and feel that deeply moisturized skin should have?
It's difficult to find a genuine organic Face Moisturizer among the many over-hyped products that typically line the shelves of department stores, and cosmetics centers.
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Just about every natural moisturizer that you will find in stores contains either mineral oil, or petrolatum as the main moisturizing ingredient. These are natural ingredients as they are a byproduct of the crude oil process, but they are not molecularly designed in such a way as too allow them to readily be absorbed by the skin. This can in fact cause you more problems than what you may already have.
Why would the top selling cosmetics companies use a product of this sort in their skin care line? They use them because they are cheap, and plentiful. With an oil industry that processes as much oil as ours does there is never a shortage of petroleum based creams to go around, so they have all of it that they need all of the time.
The type of ingredients that you should look for in a skin care product are plant based moisturizing agents, which are very easy for the human skin to be able to absorb because these oils and waxes have similar properties to those of human skin's own oil. This allows for the deep down penetration that you need in order for your skin to be healthy.
Which plant based hydrator is the best one for you to use?
Actually there are several of them that are excellent for your skin such as grape, and macadamia oils, because they both have strong antioxidant properties in them.
Avocado oil has antioxidants also, but its biggest gifts to you are essential fatty acids, and the ability that it has to promote new collagen growth.
Avocado oil as a natural face cream goes along well in products that contain Functional Keratin in them. This pair of select proteins escalates the production of new collagen and elastin significantly, so the pairing of this ingredient with avocado oil makes perfect sense for anyone that is seeking to have younger looking skin, and who isn't?
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
Screen printing press for cylindrical items.
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The PT-8 can be used to print most open-ended cylindrical items made from glass, ceramic, or plastics.
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text:
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text:
Allie Haze is a pornstar who comes from Redlands, Montana and she is part Latina and Caucasian. She is a Taurus by astrology and has brunette hair and brown eyes. Her height is measured at 5 feet 7 inches and her weight at right around 121 pounds. Her body measurements are an all natural 32A-25-36 giving her a lovely slim figure. She has a tattoo of a red heart with a cross on her right hip and has no body piercings aside from her ears. She does have a mole on her mound area and a small scar above her tattoo. When shooting some soft core content she used the name Brittany Joy for a while. Allie has done pageants and modeling for much of her life before her adult career and so is comfortable with cameras of all kinds.
She began working in the adult entertainment field in 2009 when she was in her early twenties. She says in an interview that she got into the adult movie business because she wanted to have sex with some of the hot women she had seen in porn movies. Her fiancé at the time was very happy with her nude modeling work so encouraged it too. One of her first films was "Barely Legal 101" from Hustler Video which was directed by Matti Klatt. Her scene is the second one in the movie and her partner is Joey Brass who is in an old house making out with her. She's rubbing on her clit while they kiss and then gets topless so he can suck on her nipples. She goes down on his dick next and sucks him off. He licks her pussy and fingers it before they fuck and while changing positions she takes his dick deep into her throat and then after some more screwing he gives her a facial cumshot.
Allie does get her wish to do it with some hot women too in the film "Mother-Daughter Exchange Club 9" from Girlfriends Films. Directed by Dan O'Connell, it's a series where pairs of lovely ladies match with other like minded mothers and daughters for a sexy good time. Her scene is actually with two others played by Montana Skye and Violet Adamson. They're on a bed kissing and sucking on each others tits when they get into some pussy rubbing and fingering too. Two of the ladies get into a 69 position for some mutual oral action and then they do some swapping. There is a lot of sensual kissing and pussy licking before the scene is all over.
In an interview that Allie Haze gave early on in her career she answers a few questions about what she likes in other women. According to her, the first thing she loves to look at and play with is another girls big tits. She says since she doesn't have them herself, she's totally into big tits. The other thing she wants in another girl is a genuine sexual passion for other women too. Allie was asked who she would like to work with that she hasn't yet and she names Tori Black saying that she's been told that they look similar and she thinks it would be a hot scene. Bobbi Starr is another name she mentions saying that she would like to be dominated by the more experienced pornstar.
When it comes to men she likes a guy with good solid arms and she laughingly says she knows it's nothing special. She just loves to grab onto a man's strong arms because it feels sexy to her and turns her on. The other thing she likes about a guy is his ability to have a conversation and take charge. Ms. Haze is also asked a few questions about her personal life such as what she was like growing up. It might surprise a few people that she was what she calls kind of a dorky kid growing up. Don't get the wrong idea she says, because while her interests were dorky she was a hard ass among the neighborhood boys who she liked to beat up too. Her hobbies and interests include playing her video games and also catching up on sports scores and happenings with her local teams.
In 2010 Allie performed in the film "Belladonna Fetish Fanatic 8" from Belladonna Entertainment which was also directed by Belladonna. Her scene is the sixth one which is subtitled "Enema Boot Camp" and her partners are Adrianna Nicole and Amy Brooke. The scene takes place outdoors in a sandy area and Adrianna is playing the part of a drill sergeant with the other girls being drilled. After some warming up, the girls are made to remove their clothing first as they get dressed down. Then each girl is given an enema with streams of warm water and then Adrianna fingers their asses and uses sex toys on them. This scene won each of it's participants an AVN award for Most Outrageous Sex Scene at the 2011 AVN awards show.
With Allie's first full year in the porn business in the history books, she was already earning some serious industry recognition. At the 2011 AVN awards she also won a nomination for Best All-Girl Couples Sex Scene for her performance in the film "She's My Man 7" and Best Three-Way Sex Scene for work in another film. The highlight for her though was being nominated for Best New Starlet which was echoed with a nomination for the XBIZ New Starlet of the Year as well. She won the XRCO award for New Starlet for the same year, marking her as a bona fide pornstar in the industry. Her award nominations kept coming in the following year as well and in 2013 she won Best Actress from XBIZ for her lead role in "Star Wars XXX: A Porn Parody" from Vivid Video.
Allie Haze is still active in the adult industry and so far has performed in more than 148 movies. She has nearly 95,000 followers on her Twitter account where she tweets very often about what is going on in her life and her work. She has no retirement plans so is sure to produce many more award winning performances into the future. See the best Allie Haze porn tube videos for free in HD right here on PORN.com every day!Read more
Allie Haze's videos (165 videos)
Comments on Allie Haze
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Anonymous Why is it that whenever you see a pornstar, you think, "woah, I'd love to fuck with her (him)." It's absurd that no one sees them truly for who they are, Allie is very pretty, and that is true for sure. But just like you and I, she is a person. She is only human, she makes mistakes, and she is definitely not a fuck toy. No poenstar should feel this way. EVER. I think this is sad, she is a girl. Not your booty call. :-/
Thebearieman Now all you got to do is a video with malena morgan and ava taylor
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text:
This may seem like an extraordinarily trivial question and yet it has completely confounded me. The technical definition of $i$ is
But there are two numbers which fulfill this requirement:
Wouldn't a more precise definition of $i$ simply be $\sqrt{-1}$?
Thank you and forgive the elementary nature of the question.


text:
YEOVIL Town loan signing Zoumana Bakayogo has returned to Leicester City after rupturing his anterior cruciate ligament during the 2-0 win over Birmingham on Saturday (January 18).
It was the 27-year-old's first game since signing on a one-month loan deal from the Foxes last week.
The full back appeared to catch his studs in the turf with no other player near him and was replaced by Jamie McAllister, who minutes later was himself injured.
Speaking to the club's official website, Yeovil town manager Gary Johnson said: "Zoumana said he just felt his knee crumble under him. It was innocuous - he just turned and he felt it.
"Jamie McAllister couldn't catch his breath, so I couldn't wait for him to have ten minutes on the side to catch his breath.
"We trust Matteo Lanzoni, and when he came on [for McAllister] I thought he did very well in coming on as right-back and Luke did very well in adjusting as a left-back. So maybe we found our left-back.
"We brought in Zoumana Bakayogo for Liam Davis, who we left at home because he was injured so there's maybe another little left-back hunt again in the next week or so."


text:
DALLAS – U.S. gasoline demand rose 1.3 percent last week to the highest level since December as drivers paid the lowest average prices in 12 weeks, according to MasterCard Inc.
Drivers bought 9.09 million barrels a day of gasoline in the week ended May 18, up from 8.98 million the week before, MasterCard's SpendingPulse report showed. That's the most fuel purchased since the week ended Dec. 23.
The average pump price declined 3 cents in the past week to $3.73 a gallon, the lowest level since Feb. 24. Prices are 4.8 percent below a year earlier.
Fuel consumption was 0.9 percent below the year-earlier level, the 38th straight decline in that measure.
"This past week's year-over-year decline was the smallest since the week ending Aug. 26," John Gamel, a gasoline analyst and director of economic analysis for SpendingPulse, said in the report. "Prices have fallen over 20 cents the past six weeks as we approach the Memorial Day holiday and demand has picked up.
Fuel use over the previous four weeks fell 3.9 percent below the same period in 2011, a record 61st consecutive drop in that measure. That was the smallest decline since Jan. 20, Gamel said.
The highest prices were on the West Coast, where the average rose 12 cents to $4.26 a gallon. The lowest prices were on the Gulf Coast, where a gallon declined 7 cents to $3.55.
The report from Purchase, New York-based MasterCard is assembled by MasterCard Advisors, the company's consulting arm. The information is based on credit-card swipes and cash and check payments at about 140,000 U.S. gasoline stations.
Visa Inc. is the biggest payments network company by transactions processed.


text:
In this page you will find all the answers today's puzzles for 7 Little Words.
Sometimes it is difficult to pick up with all the daily updates of Secen Little Words, so when you cannot find the answers to a certain day please make a search on the homepage.
Propane container 7 little words
Answer: Cylinder
Now just arrage the group of letters to match the answer.
Other puzzles for June 3 2018 7 little words
- Nickname for the US DOD
- It keeps a dog from licking
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- Pillsbury pastry
- Propane container
- Inner courtyard
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text:
buyitsellit avait besoin d'un nouveau design de logo et a lancé un concours sur 99designs.
Un gagnant a été sélectionné de 70 designs proposés par 29 designers freelance.
We are looking for a new identity and logo for our hosted eCommerce solution buyitsellit. You can work off our existing logo or offer something completely different.
Desired Color Scheme:
see description
Desired Style:
clean, web 2.0
Accepted File Formats:
Standard Web Formats (.jpg, .gif or .png); Vector Formats (.eps, .pdf or .ai); Layered Formats (.psd or .tiff)
Who are we and what do we do?
BuyItSellIt (BISI) is a fast growing hosted eCommerce platform that is ready for the next next step in brand identity. We relaunched our services back in November of 07 and provide hosted shopping cart / eCommerce solutions to over 4000 stores worldwide.
Logo look and feel
We want our new logo to be clean, not too busy. The logo must work with a variety of background shades (white, gray, dark). The logo should convey what BISI does with some type of identifiable icon or simple graphic.
Feel free to use the existing colors in our logo/site as a starting point or preferably use the following color scheme used by BISI's parent company located here.
Savoir comment fonctionne un concours de design ou en savoir plus sur nos services de design de logo.


text:
Despite stereotypes to the contrary, being a good friend can be good for an actor's career.
Case in point: Jake Johnson. The "New Girl" co-star has done well by his pals, and they in turn by him, ever since the Chicago native moved to Hollywood.
The latest example of that is "Let's Be Cops," a buddy cop comedy that hits theaters Wednesday about two friends who aren't really part of the LAPD. Instead, the pair are longtime friends and roommates whose Hollywood dreams haven't panned out. Johnson's Ryan, a onetime Purdue football star, can claim performing in one cringe-worthy commercial as his biggest success. Justin, played by Damon Wayans Jr., is a timid video game designer who is allowing his one great idea to get ruined by a zombie-obsessed corporate committee.
After the duo dress up as LAPD officers for a party that turns out not to be a costume party, they walk dejectedly down the street — where, to their surprise, they're showered with unfamiliar respect and female attention. Hooked on the feeling, Ryan takes the charade up as many notches as he can — he even buys a used police cruiser on eBay — and drags the reluctant Justin along on increasingly risky, fake police adventures.
"Damon and I are legitimately good friends," Johnson says of his fellow "New Girl" cast member. "So when this movie was coming together, we both read the script. The studio was interested in each of us, but they wanted me for the part he ended up playing and him for the part I ended up playing.
"They weren't ready to commit to either of us. So Damon and I called each other, came back to them and said we'd love to do it together, improvise and open this one up."
The studio agreed and the result of that teamwork is Johnson's first co-starring role in a major studio production, on the heels of his romantic lead debut in last year's well-regarded indie dramedy "Drinking Buddies." He is predictably charged up about it — although not quite as irresponsibly as Ryan gets over unlawfully law enforcing.
Johnson jokingly exploited his cop uniform at the movie's Atlanta location while shooting last year. It backfired enough that he never did it again.
"I thought it was an obvious thing because we were on a film set, but a woman whose car was parked right near where we were shooting had her car alarm go off right as she was getting in," he recalls. "She was just getting flustered because she could see that there was an entire film crew that couldn't shoot because of the noise.
"So, jokingly, I walked up — with everybody watching, so I thought it was, like, a really easy moment — and I go, 'Ma'am, is that your car?' Then she turned around, her hands were shaking, and she's like 'Officer, officer! I'm sorry!' She was having a real anxiety attack and I had to be like, 'Lady, I'm just joking. I'm not going to arrest you.' But in that moment, I realized that this is to be taken very seriously."
And yes, Johnson wasn't the only one in disguise. Except for three days of pivotal establishing shots, "Let's Be Cops," which looks about as unmistakably Los Angeles as "Chinatown," was actually filmed in Georgia, making "Let's Be Cops" just another example of runaway production. But Johnson's desire to work in his adopted city could not be more sincere.
"I really hope that we all get to start making movies back here. This is Hollywood! Leaving doesn't make any sense to me," he says. "It's also the perfect place to shoot because the weather's the same every day. We lost about 2 1/2 weeks of shooting in Atlanta because of rain. We'd hang out inside for two hours, we'd lose the light; we were like, why are we here?"
That kind of loyalty continues to work out well for Johnson's career. He appeared in the indie comedy "Safety Not Guaranteed" a few years ago, and now that film's director and writer, Colin Trevorrow and Derek Connolly, have brought Johnson along on their leap to big-budget filmmaking, next year's dinosaur spectacular "Jurassic World."
He'll also headline the next feature from "Drinking Buddies" director Joe Swanberg, "Digging for Fire," which is loosely based on a bizarre incident that happened when Johnson and his wife dug up the backyard of their L.A. home.
Friendships were what got Johnson established in Hollywood. After writing plays at the University of Iowa and New York University, he landed commercial gigs out in Los Angeles. He did not get to play a recurring character, however, until some pals brought him onto the cable comedy series "Derek and Simon: The Show." One night, when he was partying with that show's Derek Waters, Johnson told a story about the soul singer Otis Redding. Out of that 2004 monologue — which is described as having "some history, but there was a lot of the alcohol talking," according to Johnson — grew the show "Drunk History."
Fast-forward to his role on the hit Fox show. Johnson is already working on the next season of "New Girl" this week.
"Jessica Biel is in our first episode," he mentions. "She and Zooey (Deschanel) are battling over a man at a wedding. That's all I can say."
Johnson and Deschanel's characters are still broken up but still living together, he sadly reports. But even though they may no longer be lovers, it's probably safe to say that they'll still be good friends.


text:
Oberoi Commerz houses top Corporates and the iconic Westin Hotel.
Goregaon East has Gokuldham which is home to traditional large bunglows and villas. DB Realty - Mr.Vinod Goenka has developed Orchid Woods and its another land mark in the location. Oberoi Commerz II which is another commercial building is now ready for occupation.
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The Central Connecticut women's lacrosse team continued its historic season by clinching the program's first Northeast Conference Tournament berth with an 18-8 victory over LIU Brooklyn on Sunday afternoon. The Blue Devils (9-5, 7-0 NEC) have a perfect 7-0 record in NEC play and currently hold a share of first place in the NEC standings.
The victory also extended CCSU's school records for victories (9), NEC victories (7) and longest winning streak (8).
"I am so proud of this team's hard work and dedication, which helped us reach this goal," head coach Kelly Nangle said after the game. "This is a great achievement for our program and it is something that these players can be proud of - that they were part of the first CCSU team to make the conference tournament. We will enjoy this today, but we still have work to do and we want to finish the regular season with another strong weekend."
The Blue Devils jumped out to a 5-1 lead over the first six and a half minutes of play behind a pair of goals by freshman Elyse Malecki. Malecki scored CCSU's first and fifth goals of the game, both were unassisted. Senior Mackenzy Ryan, sophomore Jessica Sudock and junior Amanda Toke also had goals during CCSU's opening run.
An offensive outburst by LIU (0-15, 0-8 NEC) tied the game at 5-5 with 17:53 left in the half, but the Blue Devils quickly regained the scoring momentum and closed the period on a 7-0 run. Senior Betsy Vendel led the way with a hat-trick during the run. Ryan and Suddock each posted their second goal of the game during the stretch and freshman Falynn McCartney also scored twice.
Central made it a 12-0 run by scoring the first five goals of the second half. Vendel, Toke and Malecki each added another goal, while junior Claire Healy and freshman Madison Hughes each posted their first of the game.
The strong start to the second half gave the Blue Devils a commanding 17-5 lead that put the game out of reach.
The Blackbirds were able to score three more goals to make it a 17-8 game, but Ryan scored her third of the game with 1:13 left to play to put the Blue Devils back in front by 10.
Vendel finished the game with four goals and an assist to total five points. She also had three draw controls, two ground balls and a caused turnover.
Ryan and Malecki both finished with three goals. Ryan also had an assist to total four points, while Toke finished with two goals and two assists. Malecki and Toke were also key contributors on loose balls with three and two ground balls, respectively.
Sophomore goalie Morgan Tullar stopped 10 of the 18 shots that came at her goal and was again strong in the second half.
Senior Ali Roche recorded two ground balls and two caused turnovers. Her first caused turnover of the game broke her own single-season record.
Senior Cierra Ward was also strong on defense with two ground balls.
The Blue Devils will return to action on Wednesday night at Holy Cross. The game is scheduled to begin at 7 p.m. The Blue Devils will close the regular season on Friday, April 19, and Sunday, April 21, with NEC contests.


text: Smack dab in the middle of Canada, Manitoba benefits from the best of all worlds. The province's capital city Winnipeg boasts a number of artistic and cultural organizations that offer world-class music, dance and theatre, making it Canada's "Cultural Capital." Manitoba respects its historical past, and aboriginal influences can be seen throughout the province. Explore them up close at the Aboriginal Center of Winnipeg. Manitoba is also known for weather extremes, but in the winter, those low temperatures can offer once-in-a-lifetime experiences. Canada's only sub-Arctic seaport, Churchill is referred to as the Polar Bear Capital of the World. Polar bear watching is at its best in October and November, and if you visit through the winter you might even catch a glimpse of the Northern Lights.


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Airbrake Certification - Instructor
Refresh your air brake knowledge and develop your instructor skills. This course will prepare you to deliver the Alberta Air Brake Instructor Certification course to drivers of air brake vehicles.
Non-academic Requirements
Students must be approved by Alberta Transportation to enroll in this course. Please contact the Driver Programs Administrator at 780-427-8901 for more information.
Career Opportunities
Air brake instructors are employed by driving schools, trucking and transport firms, oilfield companies and a wide range of other businesses. Adding air brake instructor certification to your resume will add to your overall employability, whether your main career relates to driver instruction or not.
Program Outline
|Course ID
|Air Brake Instructor


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- Publish date:
- Updated on
- Year
- 1945
MacArthur in Tokyo
On this day in 1945, Gen. Douglas MacArthur moves his command headquarters to Tokyo, as he prepares for his new role as architect of a democratic and capitalist postwar Japan.
Japan had had a long history of its foreign policy being dominated by the military, as evidenced by Prime Minister Fumimaro Konoye's failed attempts to reform his government and being virtually pushed out of power by career army officer Hideki Tojo. MacArthur was given the task of overseeing the regeneration of a Japan shorn of its imperial past. As humiliating as it would be for the defeated Japanese, the supreme allied commander in the South Pacific would lay the groundwork for Japan's rebirth as an economic global superpower.
The career of Douglas MacArthur is composed of one striking achievement after another. When he graduated from West Point, only one other person, Robert E. Lee, had exceeded MacArthur's performance, in terms of awards and average, in the institution's history. His performance in World War I, during combat in France, won him decorations for valor and resulted in his becoming the youngest general in the Army at the time. He retired from the Army in 1934, only to be appointed head of the Philippine Army by its president (the Philippines had U.S. Commonwealth status at the time).
When World War II broke out, MacArthur was called back to active service-as commanding general of the U.S. Army in the Far East. Because of MacArthur's time in the Far East, and the awesome respect he commanded in the Philippines, his judgment had become somewhat distorted and his vision of U.S. military strategy as a whole myopic. He was convinced that he could defeat Japan if it invaded the Philippines. In the long term, he was correct. But in the short term, the United States suffered disastrous defeats at Bataan and Corregidor. By the time U.S. forces were forced to surrender, he had already shipped out, on orders from President Roosevelt. As he left, he uttered his immortal line, "I shall return."
Refusing to admit defeat, MacArthur was awarded supreme command in the Southwest Pacific, capturing New Guinea from the Japanese with an innovative "leap frog" strategy. True to his word, he returned to the Philippines in October 1944. With the help of the U.S. Navy, which succeeded in destroying the Japanese fleet, leaving the Japanese garrisons on the islands without reinforcements, the Army defeated adamantine Japanese resistance. On March 3, 1945, MacArthur handed control of the Philippine capital back to its president.
On September 2, 1945, MacArthur signed the instrument of surrender on behalf of the victorious Allies, aboard the USS Missouri, docked in Tokyo Bay. But the man who oversaw Japan's defeat was about to put it on the road to its own kind of victory.


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An additive foray for stories, pictures and information about the ancestry and descendants of the James Family. Remember to wear your helmet, drink plenty of fluids, and enjoy yourself. The research on this blog and on Ancestry.com is for me, my children, my grandchildren, future generations and anyone else who is interested. The family unit is the most important organization in time and eternity.
Wednesday, March 18, 2009
I was born 6 December 1925 in Fairland, OK, the first of the four sons of Euchalata and Erna James. During the 1930s we lived on a dry, dusty farm in a two-room shack that was previously used to store cattle feed. My elementary education was in a one-room, red country schoolhouse that was almost three miles away.
During WW2 I served in the Infantry, where I learned to walk and shoot.
After college I worked for oilfield service companies, learning to cope with heat, cold, fatigue, and sleep deprivation.
I now run a firm that markets software which allows a composer to use a computer instead of ruled paper for creating music. The software was originally written by my son, Dennis.
I began researching my James genealogy in 1962, when many of the family who were born in the 1800s were still living. I interviewed many of the "old folks", who told me stories of life in the pioneer days. How fortunate that I started so early!
I am pleased that many of you youngsters are interested in the family history, so that in my old age I can pass on what I learned and it won't be lost.
2 comments:
- AnonymousJuly 11, 2009 at 8:53 PM
I have a letter that a Norma James wrote me October 28, 2002. He would be my cousin. I would love to know if this Norman is "my" Norman. Could you give me some more information please so that I can relay some of this to my father.ReplyDelete
Thank you
Christina James-Humphreys
This is probably a very long stretch but I am doing a lot of research trying to prove my Native American Ancestry. My request is for someone to tell me what Cherokee roll and where an ancestor would be listed. Susannah McDaniel, daughter of Wm. McDaniel and Granny Hopper>Old Hop moytoy/Su Gi, married James Emerson, a GGrandfather of mine.ReplyDelete
Thanks in advance for any help
I really appreciate it
Dean Emerson
Born in Oklahoma


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Rolando Alonzo Cousins, a/k/a "Junior," 32, Bowie, Maryland, to 38 months in prison, followed by five years of supervised release, for conspiracy to commit mail fraud and wire fraud in connection with a massive mortgage fraud scheme which promised to help homeowners facing foreclosure keep their homes and repair their damaged credit, but left them homeless and with no equity. Judge Titus also ordered that Cousins pay restitution of $471,702.25. With Cousins' sentencing all 11 defendants in the Metropolitan Money Store case have now been convicted and sentenced.
According to Cousins' plea agreement, he was the senior loan officer with the Metropolitan Money Store, in Lanham, Maryland, which offered foreclosure consultation and credit services to financially distressed homeowners. Cousins also owned and operated Prosper Investments LLC. In 2005, Joy Jackson and Jennifer McCall incorporated Metropolitan Money Store. Also at that time, Jackson, Jennifer McCall, Jackson's husband, Kurt Fordham, and McCall's husband, Clifford McCall and others incorporated Fordham & Fordham Investment Group, Ltd. (F&F) and Burroughs & Smythe Financial Services, Inc. (B&S), based in Lanham and Greenbelt, Maryland, to assist Metropolitan Money Store in its foreclosure consulting and credit servicing business.
Cousins admitted that from September 2004 through June 2007, he, Jackson, McCall and others, operating through several companies, including the Metropolitan Money Store, fraudulently promised to help homeowners avoid foreclosure, keep their homes and repair their damaged credit, by directing the homeowners to allow title to their homes to be put in the names of third party purchasers (the straw buyers) for a one year period, during which time the defendants would help the homeowners obtain more favorable mortgages, improve their credit rating and eventually return title to their homes to them. Cousins, Jackson, McCall and others told the homeowners that the equity withdrawn from the properties would be used to pay the mortgage and expenses on their homes and to repair their credit.
Cousins and other Metropolitan Money Store employees were paid approximately $10,000 to personally serve as straw buyers on several properties in Maryland, because they had good credit history. As part of the scheme, Cousins and his co-conspirators fraudulently bolstered the credit of the straw buyers so they could qualify for more favorable mortgages; obtained fraudulently inflated loans on the properties in the straw buyers names; served as straw buyers themselves; stripped away the bulk of the homeowners equity proceeds and converted that money to their own personal use; and stopped making the mortgage payments on the homes, resulting in the homes being foreclosed upon.
The total loss attributable to Cousins from the scheme, including the estimated losses to the mortgage lenders, is $471,702.
The sentence was announced by United States Attorney for the District of Maryland Rod J. Rosenstein; Special Agent in Charge Richard A. McFeely of the Federal Bureau of Investigation; Special Agent in Charge Jeffrey Irvine of the U.S. Secret Service – Washington Field Office; Special Agent in Charge Barbara Golden of the U.S. Secret Service – Baltimore Field Office; Special Agent in Charge Rebecca Sparkman of the Internal Revenue Service – Criminal Investigation; and Sarah Bloom Raskin, Commissioner of the Maryland Department of Labor, Licensing and Regulation's Division of Financial Regulation.
U.S. Attorney Rod Rosenstein expressed special appreciation to the Maryland Department of Labor, Licensing and Regulation's Division of Financial Regulation Investigative Unit for its assistance in the investigation.
Joy Jackson and Jennifer McCall pleaded guilty to their role in the scheme and were sentenced to 151 months in prison and 135 months in prison, respectively. Nine other co-conspirators also have pleaded guilty and been sentenced.
United States Attorney Rod J. Rosenstein thanked the FBI, U.S. Secret Service and the Internal Revenue Service – Criminal Investigation for their work in this investigation and commended Assistant United States Attorneys James A. Crowell IV and Christen Sproule, who prosecuted the case.


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Public Meeting No. 1
Tier 1 Site Analysis
January 20, 2011
Team Introductions
Project Vision
Why an Intermodal Center?
Case Studies
Planning Influences
Current Downtown and Rail planning projects
Transit Modes (commuter rail, Amtrak, HSR, Streetcar)
Pedestrian and Vehicular connectivity
Evaluation Criteria & Methodology
Tier 1 Site Evaluations
Questions and Comments
Prrojjeecctt Viissiion
"Create a plan for a new
transportation center and
gateway for Oklahoma City and
the Region that promotes
mobility, enhances the image of
public transportation and creates
a catalyst for economic
Creation of Regional Transit Connections
Interface of Transportation Modes
Enhancement of Urban Development
Gateway to the City and Region
Catalyst for Revitalization
Prrojjeecctt Viissiion
Prrojjeecctt Viissiion
Provide Regional Connections
Link Transit to Community
Enhancing Economic
The downtown transportation hub will
become the single identifiable project that
links all transportation modes and will
become the marketable vision of the
overall regional transit system.
Why an IIntteerrmodaall Ceentteerr?
Interconnectivity Between Transit Modes
Commuter Rail
Local and Intercity Bus
Local Shuttle Services / Taxi
Future High Speed Rail
Pedestrians / Bicycles
Improved Access
Improved Passenger Service / Amenities
"Last Mile" Distribution System
Office / Event Space
Community Services
Transit Related Retail
Mixed Use Development
Principles of Transit Integrated Deevveellooppmeenntt
Compact Urban Environment
Mix of Land Uses
Destinations within an Easy Walk
Design for the Pedestrian
New Construction / Redevelopment
Quality Public Infrastructure
TOD is the by-product of a
coordinated and participatory
transportation and community
planning process where transit
decisions are made in
conjunction with decisions on
land use and other
transportation investments.
Medium to High Density Mixed Use
Ground Level Retail
Transit Stop
Pedestrian Oriented Streets
Fort Worth 9th Street Station
Local Bus
TRE Commuter Rail
Office / Event Space
Caassee Sttudiieess
Dallas Union Station
DART Light Rail
Trinity Railway Express
Freight Bypass
Local Bus
Hotel / Event / Convention
Caassee Sttudiieess
Dallas Union Station
Caassee Sttudiieess
Sacramento Intermodal Facility
SRTD Light Rail (Gold Line)
SRTD Local Bus
Intercity bus (Greyhound)
Joint Development / Parking
Future HSR
Caassee Sttudiieess
Sacramento Intermodal Facility
Caassee Sttudiieess
Sacramento Intermodal Facility
Caassee Sttudiieess
Milbrae Station, San Francisco, CA
BART (2 lines) Airport Connection
SamTrans Bus
Caassee Sttudiieess
Strasbourg, France Multimodal Hub
SNCF Rail
RFF Subway
Regional/Local Bus
Caassee Sttudiieess
Marseille, France St. Charles Station
SNCF Rail
Regional/Local Bus
Caassee Sttudiieess
Pllaanniing IInffllueencceess
What are the existing conditions??
Ongoing Projects that have direct impact
on the Hub site selection:
1. Core to Shore Redevelopment Plan
2. Downtown Circulator Alternatives
Analysis (AA)
3. MAPS 3 Streetcar Subcommittee
4. Regional Commuter Rail AA
5. MAPS 3 Convention Center Study
6. Project 180 Streetscape
7. Crosstown Boulevard Design
8. Downtown Housing Study
9. Downtown Parking Study
10.ODOT High Speed Rail Planning
Tiieerr 11 Siittee Anaallyyssiiss
Core to Shore Boulevard
Core to Shore Redevelopment Plan
Regional Commuter Rail
Trraanssiitt Modeess
Trraanssiitt Modeess
High Speed Rail
South Central Corridor is 1 of 11 designated
HSR corridors in U.S.
"Phased" approach to building rail
infrastructure across TX & OK
2 potential connectors identified for the
route from OKC to Tulsa
ODOT Environmental study to identify
operations plan for OKC/Tulsa
South Central
South Central
Trraanssiitt Modeess
Streetcar – Broadway / Hudson
Trraanssiitt Modeess
Tiieerr 11 Siittee Anaallyyssiiss
Auto / Pedestrian Connectivity
Tier 11 Siittee Evvaalluaattiion
Evaluation Criteria Methodology
Framework Components:
Transportation Accommodation: ability to provide a balance of access
by all modes including streetcar, bus, bike, and commuter and high speed
regional rail
Civic Presence / Visibility: ability to anchor a neighborhood or district by
creating a sense of place and forming a gateway to the city
Economic Development: ability to provide a combination of development
potential on vacant or underutilized parcels in a desirable, walkable location
Auto / Pedestrian Access: ability of the street system to provide a
walkable environment while providing capacity for automobile drop-off and
Tier 11 Siittee Evvaalluaattiion
Evaluation Criteria Methodology
Scoring Methodology:
(-) Poor: Does not meet minimum requirements for respective
framework component without significant infrastructure
(o) Good: Meets minimum requirements or allows for future
accommodation of framework component with minor
(+) Excellent: provides current accommodation of framework component
without need for significant alterations or improvements
Each component is assigned a ranking and the resulting average score is
determined for each location. Site locations receiving a score of good (o) to
excellent (+) are advanced to a Tier 2 screening process.
Tier 11 Siittee Evvaalluaattiion
Tier 1 Site Locations
1. North Bricktown Parking Lot
Tier 11 Siittee Evvaalluaattiion
2. Buffalo Statue Site
Tier 11 Siittee Evvaalluaattiion
3. Santa Fe Station
Tier 11 Siittee Evvaalluaattiion
4. Cox Convention Center – Redevelop East End
Tier 11 Siittee Evvaalluaattiion
5. Parking Lot in Bricktown –North of Reno @ Railroad
Tier 11 Siittee Evvaalluaattiion
6. Parking Lot in Bricktown –South of Reno @ Railroad
Tier 11 Siittee Evvaalluaattiion
7. East Side of "Central Park" – OGE Substation
Tier 11 Siittee Evvaalluaattiion
8. Lumber Yard Site
Tier 11 Siittee Evvaalluaattiion
9. Union Station
Tier 11 Siittee Evvaalluaattiion
10. Pull-A-Part Site
Tier 11 Siittee Evvaalluaattiion
Tiieerr 11 Conccllussiionss
Southern Option for Streetcar Route
Sttrreeeettccaarr IIntteerrffaaccee
Next Steps - Tier 2 Evvaalluaattiion IIssssueess
Issues and Items to be Considered
Ability to accommodate space needs of the facility & parking
Flexibility for future expansion of rail and facility
Pedestrian connections to key destinations
Need to create a gateway to Bricktown and Downtown
Use of elevated rail platform as a pedestrian connection?
Use of Site 8 as the high speed rail option if not feasible to
bring high speed rail into downtown core
Linkage with existing COTPA Bus Transfer Center
Consider all service areas for future commuter rail links
Yukon Midwest City
OKC Airport Adventure District
Norman Edmond
Next Steps –– Coorrdiinaattiion
Continued Coordination with ODOT on High
Speed Rail and Amtrak
Coordinate with the MAPS 3 Streetcar Committee
and the Downtown Circulator AA Locally Preferred
Ridership Model Projections - Understanding of
Peak Demand, Transfers, Parking etc.
Program Development - Amtrak, Commuter Rail,
HSR requirements
Layout / Test Fit of Tier 2 Sites
Tier 2 Evaluation
Click tabs to swap between content that is broken into logical sections.


text:
Your Career
The Fletcher School's rigorous, yet flexible program allows you to tailor your graduate education to meet your international interests or career goals. Fletcher courses are available to all students regardless of the degree program.
We invite you to explore a selection of Fletcher careers, along with corresponding coursework. Then contact an admissions counselor to discuss how Fletcher can help you meet your own international career goals.
Applied Research
Foreign Affairs
International Law


text:
"Spyrakos" Surname
Frequency of "Spyrakos" Surname in the US
2000 US Census
The surname "Spyrakos" is not included in the US Census Bureau's ranking of surnames with 100 or more people. Since fewer than 100 people with this surname were included in the 2000 Census, it is relatively uncommon.
Source: "Frequently Occurring Surnames from the Census 2000", US Census Bureau.
1990 US Census
Accoring to the US Census Bureau, "Spyrakos" ranked #77,810 in frequency out of 88,799 surnames for which statistics were released from the 1990 Census.
Source: "Frequently Occurring Surnames from the 1990 Census", US Census Bureau.
"Spyrakos" Graves on Histopolis
Histopolis currently has 0 grave(s) with the surname "Spyrakos".
Resource Links for "Spyrakos"
Do you know of a web page containing information about this surname that would be useful to genealogy or history researchers? Please add it now! (Free registration required)
Surnames that Sound Like "Spyrakos"
The surname "Spyrakos" has a Soundex code of S162. The following 387 surname(s) may sound similar to "Spyrakos" since they share the same Soundex code.


text:
Re: jango's death
Oh,he certainly is crazy....How else could he have invented SW?No ordinary man can do this...You must be either a genious or crazy...Lucas is both in some way.
Message Boards - Boba Fett Fan Club → Bounty Hunters → jango's death
Oh,he certainly is crazy....How else could he have invented SW?No ordinary man can do this...You must be either a genious or crazy...Lucas is both in some way.
I still don't understand this...Can't we just say that we have a conversation and leave alone spamming?Whatever,back on topic.I really believe that Jango shouldn't have died.But maybe he had to...for some purpose....
There was a purpose and a very good one too...............Boba. If Jango wouldnt have died, then Boba wouldnt have grown up to be ruthless. Jango grew up parentless, and over all, so did Boba. If Jango was still alive, Boba would either be an even BETTER bounty hunter because of his father's teching's, or he would be soft, weak, just like the others....So I am kind of glad that Jango died, and especially who killed him. To be killed by the second best jedi is an honor. Goerge Lucas thinks almost EVEY SINGLE DETAIL through. Thats why Boba is the way he is today.
Yeah,that makes sense.....
eeeeeeeeewwwwwwwwwww i just watched it that is the worst one but mace windu is quite gross (being electrucuted then thrown out the window that high oooooooooooowwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww) anyone heard about the being made series between episode 1-3 i wonder if boba will make an appearence? he is funky cya websy your fatherrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrr
That was spam. It was irrelevent, and you brought back a dead topic. As for the series, we already have a topic for that.
So much talk of spam. I think your spamming about spam.
Again, see Balancesheet's signiture. Nobody likes spammers.
what are you talking about? I'm new so??? your the only one I see complain about spamming thats practicly spamming by your definition.
it made me feel really sad to see him die and i hated windu for it so i enjoyed seeing him get killed by anakin skywalker.
Actually Anakin didn't kill him, Palpatine did.
I agree that Jango should've died for the sake of the movies, but i don't think he should've died the way he did. I think he should've went out fighting, as well as taking a few with him.
Yeah, I would have liked to see him go out fighting too---the Mandalorian way.
Well, George did give him one Jedi kill...a completely useless, redundant background character. Should have let him fight Ki-Adi or something and taken him down...or at least been given a chance to empty his full arsenal into Mace.
According to Wikipedia and several other sources, the jedi he killed was a council member, so that accounts for something. Also, according to Boba Fett: The fight to Survive, Jango killed several jedi on geonosis off screen.
Yes the Jedi was a counsil member i know he had a 360 feild of vision too.
I would have liked to see him survive until the clones arived and then there would be that awkward moment before jango started killing them. I think he should have died fighting off a contingent of clones. That would have been a Mandalorian death, being overwhelmed by superior numbers, not outskilled.
Personally, I always thought Jango died a very honorable death. Driving Mace Windu off of the balcony with his flamethrower, then that amazing right-hand fast-draw that took out Jedi Council member Coleman Trebor.
One-on-one against one of the highest ranking members of the Jedi council, not to mention the creator and master of Lightsaber combat style Vaapad Form VII... not a bad way to check out if you ask me.
Jango died firing his custom Westar-34 Blaster point-blank at a truly worthy adversary in the middle of a raging battle at the heart of a gladiator pit arena. It was only the failure of his jetpack (caused by being trampled under the charging feet of a massive Reek, no less), that would spell his doom. He guaged Mace's approach carefully, and could've easily gained safe firing range, had it not failed him.
Mace disarmed him with Sun Djem Form I, then granted his deadly foe a King's death by beheadding Jango with Sai Cha Form VII.
Jango Fett died on his feet in heated combat against one of the most venerated Jedi in the Galaxy.
Yes well said it was quite impressive.
doesent Coleman Trebor look like a dinosaur to you?
That was off topic, and therefor spam. To answer your question however, no.
I think Jango should have died better but compaired to baba death it looks OK.
Off the subject, Jonezy If you are talking about when boba fell into sarlacc, he didn't die. Back to the subject, It was an o.k. death.
yeah well if the reek hadnt busted jango he might've been able to kil windu.
oh and 1 more thing: i hate to go off topic and i dont mean to spam but can anyone tell me how to get a picture like you guys? i'd really appreciate it
I cannot help you, but you can delete that post, and post it again in the "Avatar Reguest" thread .
Message Boards - Boba Fett Fan Club → Bounty Hunters → jango's death
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Auroral Radar Network Expansion for Space Weather Forecasting to be Completed This Year
By Anna Fiorentino
March 2013 • Thayer By Degrees: MS
Surrounded by rolling hills with grazing cattle, Dartmouth engineering professor Simon Shepherd recently signed a lease for 20 acres on the island of Graciosa, Azores. This spring, he will return to the site in this autonomous region of Portugal to build two ground-based radars to help predict the effects of solar disturbances in outer space on Earth. This phenomenon, known as space weather, is caused by massive sun explosions called coronal mass ejections that can ultimately interrupt satellite communications and take out entire power grids.
The Azores radars are the final two of eight built by Shepherd and his former fellow postdocs under Dr. Raymond Greenwald at the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory with a $6 million grant from the National Science Foundation. Greenwald, who earned his Ph.D. in physics from Dartmouth in 1970, pioneered the technique and design of these radars, known as the Super Dual Auroral Radar Network, or SuperDARN. Today, an international SuperDARN team of 100 scientists has built and installed 30 ground-based radars in the northern and southern hemispheres—including those built by Shepherd and the group in Kansas, the Aleutian Islands, Oregon, and soon, the Azores—to measure the motion of the matter that fills 99 percent of outer space, known as plasma.
"This final build could take a month or longer, and it will likely occur in phases. I am hoping that we can begin construction this spring and finish by this summer," says Shepherd, who fabricated the components of the radars at Thayer School. "My colleagues will send students, postdocs and scientists to help during the build, and I am also hoping to involve Dartmouth engineering students in the build as well."
Once the radars are constructed, Shepherd will monitor the 24-hour radar data from his office at Dartmouth. The radar measures drifts of plasma within an electrically conducting layer in Earth's atmosphere called the ionosphere, which facilitates the propagation of radiowaves for long distances.
"The frequency of the return signal is Doppler-shifted according the speed of the plasma, so we can measure the motion of the plasma over a very large area," says Shepherd. "The system works similar to a weather Doppler radar except that we use a lower frequency, the radio waves travel farther, and they reflect off different plasma rather than rain, snow or sleet."
The Azores radars, which Shepherd will visit yearly to maintain, are aimed to make observations in the polar regions where converging magnetic fields focus the effects of coupling to the solar wind most strongly.
"There has been even more collective excitement than usual about the Azores radars from the start of the project, and we are excited to get them up," says Shepherd.
Below is a time-lapse video of the construction of two SuperDARN radar arrays in Oregon, led by Professor Shepherd:comments powered by Disqus


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FAQs about Engineering at Dartmouth
What do engineers do?
They apply mathematics and science to design devices, processes, and systems that meet human needs and solve human problems. Our increasingly technological world requires engineers who are broadly educated in technical areas and also possess the ability to write clearly, speak persuasively, understand the broad social context of technology, and work in teams.
How are engineers educated at Dartmouth?
The first step is the Engineering Sciences major, which is part of the Bachelor of Arts (A.B.) degree. Graduates are uncommonly well rounded, having fulfilled all Dartmouth undergraduate requirements in the humanities, social sciences, and a foreign language. The major itself emphasizes the application of engineering fundamentals to real-world problems; most core courses and many electives include labs or projects. A Biomedical Engineering Sciences major is also offered to students interested in either medical school or graduate studies in biomedical engineering.
We also offer modified engineering majors with other departments (computer science, chemistry, biology, environmental science, earth sciences, economics, neuroscience, studio art, and public policy), an Engineering Physics major jointly with the physics department, a minor in Engineering Sciences, a minor in Human-Centered Design, and a minor in Materials Science (jointly with the physics and chemistry departments).
How do I become an undergraduate engineering sciences major?
A.B. Degree with Engineering Sciences Major
|Dartmouth Liberal Arts Requirements:
English 5 and First Year Seminar, Foreign Language, Distributive and World Culture Requirements
(For more details see the Dartmouth College Bulletin)
|10-14 credits
|Math and Science prerequisites to the major:
MATH 3, 8, 13; PHYS 13, 14; CHEM 5; ENGS 20 or COSC 1 AND COSC 10
(For course descriptions, see the Dartmouth College Bulletin)
|7 credits
|Engineering Sciences Major:
Core courses
and two of:
Gateway courses
Technical electives
Culminating experience (may replace one technical elective)
|9-10 credits
|Free Electives
Additional liberal arts or engineering courses, second major or minor
|4-8 credits
|Total to Graduate From Dartmouth
|35 credits
Will I have time for anything else if I study engineering?
Though rigorous, the program is flexible. The major and its prerequisites require sixteen courses, less than half of your Dartmouth coursework (modified majors require a few more courses). Over 25% of engineering majors carry a dual major or a minor in another subject, and all are encouraged to participate in foreign study programs. Engineers participate in sports, musical groups, and other extracurricular activities.
What can I do after I graduate?
The Engineering Sciences major is an excellent preparation for careers requiring abilities in quantitative analysis and problem solving. Most students, however, continue their education in various ways:
Complete the Bachelor of Engineering degree
Thayer School's Bachelor of Engineering (B.E.) program prepares you to enter the engineering profession, or graduate programs in engineering, through advanced coursework in engineering sciences and a significant experience in design. It requires up to a year beyond the A.B., but many students can plan their schedules to complete the A.B. and B.E. together in twelve or thirteen terms.
Get a Master's or Ph.D. at Thayer School
We offer both the research-oriented Master of Science (M.S.) and the management-focused Master of Engineering Management (M.E.M.) along with the Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.).
Go to grad school somewhere else
Strong performance in the Engineering Sciences major at Dartmouth also assures an excellent chance for entry into other top graduate school of engineering, and many engineering sciences students attend graduate schools of business, law, or medicine.
Will you help me find a job?
Thayer School's Career Services office provides support and guidance in exploring technical job opportunities, both full-time employment and leave-term industrial internships. Please visit the Career Services website for statistics and more information.
Why do you only have one department?
Our philosophy in the Engineering Sciences major has always been to avoid premature specialization, maximize flexibility, and cultivate an interdisciplinary perspective. (See also Beyond Departments.) A wide variety of elective courses permits specialization at the Bachelor of Engineering (B.E.) level equivalent to that achieved by traditional four-year engineering programs. Some of these elective courses are shown below:
Suggested electives for particular interests:
Computer Engineering
- ENGS 31: Digital Electronics
- ENGS 62: Microprocessors in Engineered Systems
- plus appropriate computer science courses
Chemical Engineering
- ENGS 34: Fluid Mechanics
- ENGS 35: Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering
- ENGS 36: Chemical Engineering
- ENGS 37: Introduction to Environmental Engineering
plus appropriate chemistry courses
Electrical Engineering
- ENGS 31: Digital Electronics
- ENGS 32: Electronics: Introduction to Linear and Digital Circuits
- ENGS 61: Intermediate Electrical Circuits
- ENGS 68: Introduction to Communication Systems
Engineering Management
- ENGS 52: Introduction to Operations Research
Environmental Engineering
- ENGS 37: Introduction to Environmental Engineering
- ENGS 41: Sustainability and Natural Resource Management
- ENGS 43: Environmental Transport and Fate
- ENGS 44: Sustainable Design
Materials Science and Engineering
- ENGS 33: Solid Mechanics
- ENGS 73: Materials Processing and Selection
- ENGS 130: Mechanical Behavior of Materials
- ENGS 131: Science of Solid State Materials
- ENGS 132: Thermodynamics and Kinetics in Condensed Phases
Mechanical Engineering
- ENGS 33: Solid Mechanics
- ENGS 34: Fluid Mechanics
- ENGS 71: Structural Analysis
- ENGS 76: Machine Engineering
Can I get Advanced Placement?
Beginning with the entering Class of 2018, Dartmouth will no longer grant course credit for AP or IB examinations. Dartmouth will continue to offer exemptions and placement in some subject areas. For more information, see Dartmouth's statement clarifying the Advanced Placement decision.
How can I find out more?
Contact Academic and Student Affairs Office (MacLean 103): 603-646-2606
E-mail: email@example.com
Visit Thayer School any weekday for an information session with a faculty member and a guided tour of the facilities with a current student. Please call for times and availability.


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Registered nurses assess patient needs and health problems, develop and implement nursing care plans, and maintain medical records. They also administer care to ill, injured, convalescent, or disabled patients. Nurses regularly advise patients on health maintenance and disease prevention or provide case management. In the United States (and more specifically the state of California) licensing or registration is required.
Nursing careers available in the Los Angeles also include advance practice nurses such as: nurse practitioners, clinical nurse specialists, certified nurse midwives, neonatal nurses, and certified registered nurse anesthetists. Advanced practice nursing is practiced by RN's who have specialized formal, post-basic education and who function in highly autonomous and specialized roles.
Education & Training
Choosing a health care school is similar to choosing schools in any discipline. Location, credentials, and faculty quality should all be considered when selecting your school. You should also consider the following:
- Be sure to look for a manageable class size with a good ratio of students to teacher -- the more students, the less time a teacher has to spend with an individual if extra assistance is needed. In health care studies, one-one-one attention could be crucial to understanding essential concepts and duties.
- Look at the credentials of the people teaching the classes. Are they employed solely as educators, or do they teach part-time and have current hands-on experience in the field?
- Ask if faculty members are involved in research or scholarly publishing. The more involved they are with either of these aspects, the better the chance of being introduced to new concepts and plans for the future of the professions.
- A major part of learning the skills for jobs in allied health are associated with hands-on participation in the form of internships (also called "externships' or "clinical" field experience). Schools should have the ability to provide you with pre-arranged internships, or be able to assist you in finding ones for yourself.
- Ensure that classes (and clinicals in particular) will be taught in state-of-the-art facilities. With so many changes in technology, learning on equipment that is already several years out-of-date is a poor decision.
Don't let the school you choose leave you unprepared. Learn more about school facilities and programs by requesting more information from any of the schools listed on HealthCareDegrees.org.
Find other nursing and healthcare degree programs in Los Angeles »