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Amsterdam, city and port, western Netherlands, located on the IJsselmeer and connected to the North Sea. It is the capital and the principal commercial and financial centre of the Netherlands.
To the scores of tourists who visit each year, Amsterdam is known for its historical attractions, for its collections of great art, and for the distinctive colour and flavour of its old sections, which have been so well preserved. However, visitors to the city also see a crowded metropolis beset by environmental pollution, traffic congestion, and housing shortages. It is easy to describe Amsterdam, which is more than 700 years old, as a living museum of a bygone age and to praise the eternal beauty of the centuries-old canals, the ancient patrician houses, and the atmosphere of freedom and tolerance, but the modern city is still working out solutions to the pressing urban problems that confront it.
Amsterdam is the nominal capital of the Netherlands but not the seat of government, which is The Hague. The royal family, for example, is only occasionally in residence at the Royal Palace, on the square known as the Dam, in Amsterdam. The city lacks the monumental architecture found in other capitals. There are no wide squares suitable for big parades, nor are there triumphal arches or imposing statues. Amsterdam's intimate character is best reflected in the narrow, bustling streets of the old town, where much of the population still goes about its business. While there are reminders of the glorious past—gabled houses, noble brick facades clad with sandstone, richly decorated cornices, towers and churches, and the music of carillons and barrel organs—the realities of life in the modern city often belie this romantic image.
The inner city is divided by its network of canals into some 90 "islands," and the municipality contains approximately 1,300 bridges and viaducts. Amsterdam is the economic centre of the Netherlands, and there tradition persists alongside innovation. Although the city has a modern metro system, about one-fifth of the workforce still relies on the time-honoured bicycle for transportation. The city continues to be famous for its countless Chinese and Indonesian restaurants and the hundreds of houseboats that line its canals. Since the mid-1960s Amsterdam also has been known for a permissive atmosphere, and it attracts many people seeking an alternative lifestyle. Area city, 64 square miles (165 square km); metro. area, 245 square miles (635 square km). Pop. (2008 est.) city, 1,028,603; metro. area, 1,482,676.
Physical and human geography
The landscape
The city layout
Amsterdam is situated in a flat and low-lying area mainly on the south bank of the IJ, an inland arm of the former Zuiderzee, now the IJsselmeer, connected by canal with the North Sea. The Amstel River flows from south to north through the city toward the IJ. Parts of the city lie below sea level, some of them on land that has been reclaimed from the sea or from marshes or lakes.
City development
The current Dutch capital first took shape as a small medieval settlement on dikes containing the Amstel where it met the IJ. The Amstel was dammed to control flooding, and the city's name derives from the Amstel dam. By the 16th century Amsterdam had grown into a walled city centred on the present Dam, bounded approximately by what are now the Singel and the Kloveniersburgwal canals. Three towers of the old fortifications still stand. Outside the Singel are the three main canals dating from the early 17th century: the Herengracht (Gentlemen's Canal), Keizersgracht (Emperor's Canal), and Prinsengracht (Prince's Canal). These concentric canals, together with the smaller radial canals, form a characteristic spiderweb pattern, which was extended east along the harbour and west into the district known as the Jordaan during the prosperous Golden Age (the 17th and early 18th centuries).
The old part of Amsterdam has many ancient buildings, most notably the Old Church (Oude Kerk), built in the 13th century, and the New Church (Nieuwe Kerk), begun in the 15th century. Next to the New Church is the 17th-century city hall, now the Royal Palace, built in classical Palladian style. Other significant buildings include the Mint Tower (Munttoren), with a 17th-century spire resting on a medieval gate; the South Church (Zuiderkerk, 1611); the West Church (Westerkerk, 1631), where Rembrandt is buried; the Trippenhuis, housing the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences; and the Old Man's House Gate (Oudemanhuispoort), now the entrance to one of the University of Amsterdam's main buildings. The former Jewish quarter, in the eastern portion of the old town, is the location of the Portuguese Synagogue (1671) and the Rembrandt House (Rembrandthuis), which is now a museum. The old town's three main squares are the Dam, the Leidseplein (Leiden Square), and the Rembrandtplein (Rembrandt Square). Fine 17th- and 18th-century patrician houses line the canals.
Major physical change came again to the cityscape in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, when the booming colonial trade fueled industrialization and the expansion of the city's population. For example, new inexpensive residential, commercial, and industrial construction filled De Pijp, a neighbourhood in the southern part of the city, and workers crowded into the older buildings of the Jordaan in the west. The North Sea Canal, a major new channel running west to the sea, was completed in 1876; new docks and warehouses developed along the waterfront; and in 1889 the city's new rail hub, Central Station, was built on an artificial island in the IJ north of the city centre. In the early 20th century new suburbs were built, several in the Amsterdam school of architectural style; their imaginative, asymmetrical motifs broke up the monotony associated with suburban public housing units. Sint Nicolaas Church (1886), the Beurs (Stock Exchange; 1903), and the Shipping House (1916) date from this period, as do the Rijksmuseum (1876–85), the Concertgebouw (Concert Hall; 1888), the Stedelijk Museum (1895), the Olympic Stadium (1928), and the Amstel Station (1939).
Amsterdam suffered less damage than many other European cities during World War II, but the old Jewish quarter was razed. After the war, urban renewal programs and large-scale new housing estates attempted to accommodate increasing population, rising incomes, and the inexorable growth in automobile traffic. New garden suburbs included Slotermeer on the western edge of the city, Nieuwendam in the north, Buitenveldert in the south, and, in the 1970s, Bijlmermeer in the southeast. Bijlmermeer was the ultimate in modernist utopian urban planning, with bicycle paths, playgrounds, and high-rises built along the city's new metro line. However, it was not a success and was later partly demolished and redeveloped in a mix of building styles for a variety of uses. Since the 1970s, low-rise mixed housing projects have been the vogue, including both public housing and private-sector dwellings. Recent developments of this kind have been built in Sloten and the Middelveldsche Akerpolder in the west, while in the east, in the old harbour district, intense housing construction began in the 1990s. During the last decades of the 20th century, inner-city areas were increasingly renovated rather than replaced.
The people
Amsterdam is a small city compared with most national capitals. After World War II the population stood at more than 800,000; it declined until the mid-1980s but has generally risen since then. Recent increases are due to a steady surplus of births over deaths and to an influx of immigrants. About half of the city's inhabitants are indigenous Dutch; about one-tenth are of Surinamese origin; and there are significant Moroccan and Turkish minorities. Amsterdam has been a home to immigrants since the 16th century. More recently, many have come from the former Dutch empire (Indonesia, Suriname, and the islands of the former Netherlands Antilles). Others have come as "guest workers," especially from Morocco and Turkey, or as employees of multinational corporations and students from developed countries. Moreover, during the 1990s many new immigrants came as asylum seekers. Non-European minorities now comprise well over one-third of Amsterdam's population (and about two-thirds of those less than 19 years old), and the city has an active policy of integration, based on language learning and social orientation.
The birth and marriage rates have been rising since the mid-1990s. Meanwhile, as in other Western societies, increasing numbers live alone, in single-parent families, or as unmarried couples. Unlike the population of the Netherlands as a whole, that of Amsterdam has not become older demographically. Pre-retirement-age residents are not a shrinking share of the population, mainly because there is a continual influx of younger people.
The economy
Like most modern cities, Amsterdam is a service centre, with only about one-tenth of its workforce employed in manufacturing. The most vibrant and expanding part of the dominant service sector is its business services component, including consulting, information and medical technology, and telecommunications. The consistent lifeblood of the city for the past seven centuries has been international trade and transport, which together account for about one-fifth of employment. Banking and insurance also have been a mainstay of the Amsterdam economy, together accounting for about one-eighth of all jobs, while about one-sixth of jobholders are employed in health, cultural, and social services. Another important part of the city's economy, tourism, accounts for about one-tenth of all jobs. However, despite this thriving service sector, at the turn of the 21st century the city had many job seekers who lacked marketable skills, and about one-eighth of the workforce was unemployed.
Finance and trade
Amsterdam is a very popular location for international business, mainly because of its combination of accessibility, cultural richness, cosmopolitan character, and a human scale that results from the absence of high-rise buildings and multilane highways. The Netherlands has attracted no less than one-fifth of all U.S. and Japanese investment in Europe, and much of this is focused on Amsterdam. The city also is a major financial centre, though a less important one than London or Frankfurt. All major Dutch banks have their headquarters in the city, as do the European Options Exchange and the Dutch branch of the Euronext Securities Exchange, and some 60 foreign banks have offices there. The city's busy port and excellent land and air transportation links have allowed it to maintain its importance as a centre for regional and international trade.
Industry no longer accounts for a large share of Amsterdam's economy; however, the industrial activities that continue are varied, ranging from shipbuilding and heavy engineering to petrochemicals, food processing (including brewing), and diamond polishing. Aimed at reducing unemployment, the city's active economic policy seeks to attract industrial investment by improving infrastructural links with the surrounding region and by providing training, temporary workers, and grants to employers. In the process, the city government created thousands of subsidized jobs toward the end of the 20th century.
Tourism of all kinds is a major and growing economic activity. Many visitors to the city come for business purposes or to attend conferences, particularly at the large RAI Exhibition and Congress Centre. Because it is possible to see many of the sites on foot in a single day, day trips to Amsterdam are also extremely popular.
Amsterdam commands excellent transport connections via rail, water, road, and air. Schiphol Airport is among the busiest in Europe and indisputably one of the world's major hub airports. Amsterdam's seaport also ranks among the most important in Europe, but, overshadowed by the huge Rotterdam-Europoort nearby, the Amsterdam docks underwent a gradual decline in traffic during the late 20th century. An extensive network of superhighways connects Amsterdam with all parts of the Netherlands and with Germany and Belgium. Within the city, since the 1960s, planners have favoured public transportation to reduce automobile use. A high-speed metro line opened in 1976, and a new fast rail link to Schiphol entered service in 1988, but trams remain the principal means of transportation in inner Amsterdam, while buses are important in outer districts.
According to the Dutch constitution, every municipality in the Netherlands is headed by a council, whose size depends on the number of inhabitants. The 45 members of the Amsterdam City Council are elected to four-year terms of office. The council's College of Aldermen comprises eight elected aldermen and the mayor, who is appointed by the crown for a period of six years. The mayor also presides at the meetings of the council but is not an official member of this body. Although the council has no say in the appointment of the mayor, the officeholder usually represents the largest political group in the council. Since the end of World War II, the Labour Party has dominated the council, and the mayors have come from its ranks. The council, however, is made up of members of many different political persuasions, including the Greens and the Green Left. Chosen by and from the members of the council, the aldermen are elected to four-year terms. Aldermen also receive an income, while council members are paid only an attendance fee.
As a rule, council meetings are open to the public. From 1655 to 1808 the seat of the council was located on the Dam, where the medieval town hall was replaced by a building designed by the 17th-century Dutch architect Jacob van Campen. When Louis Bonaparte, the French king of Holland, chose this structure as his residence in 1808 and converted it into what is now the Royal Palace (Koninklijk Paleis), the council moved to the Prinsenhof, a onetime convent that later became the Admiralty Court. In the mid-1980s a new city hall and opera house were constructed on the north bank of the Amstel River, at Waterloo Square. In 1926 Herengracht 502, which was built for a director of the Dutch East India Company in 1672, became the mayor's official residence.
The responsibilities of the municipality include public transportation, public works (including acquisition and allocation of grounds and buildings), public health, housing, electricity and gas, the port, markets, police, the fire brigade, sanitation, social services, waterworks, education, and churchyards. The city has its own clearing bank, credit bank, advertising department, printing shop, swimming pools, theatre, archive department, museums, slaughterhouse, and orphanage.
Cultural life
As a centre for the arts, Amsterdam has much to offer. There are some 40 museums, which attract about four million visitors annually. The Rijksmuseum (State Museum) is famous for its collection of 17th-century Dutch masterpieces. The Stedelijk (Municipal) Museum is a leading international collection of modern art. The Van Gogh Museum is dedicated to the work of Vincent van Gogh and his contemporaries. Other important museums include the Anne Frank House, the Amsterdam Historical Museum, the Dutch Maritime Museum, and the Rembrandt House.
There are more than 200 live-performance sites, including the Concertgebouw, which is the home of the world-famous Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra, and the Muziektheater, where the national ballet and opera companies perform. The city is also home to two universities—the University of Amsterdam, founded in 1632, and the Free University, founded in 1880—and numerous academies and conservatories. The architecture of the inner city (and of some of the suburbs) is a delight for many tourists interested in culture, who seek out the superbly preserved canal-side mansions of the Golden Age and the numerous historic monuments, including the Royal Palace. The arts play an important economic role in Amsterdam, employing thousands of people and generating nearly $1 billion in revenues annually. There are more than 100 galleries, including major auction houses.
Recreational facilities are extensive. The Amsterdam Woods, the seaside resort of Zandvoort to the west, Sloter Lake (Sloterplas) in the heart of the western suburbs, and many smaller lakes to the south and north of the city all offer opportunities for outdoor recreation. There are about 40 sports parks, clubs for almost every sport, and more than 250 open-air tennis courts in this crowded city. For spectator sports, the Amsterdam Arena, home of the Ajax football (soccer) club, and the Olympic Stadium are world-class venues.
Early settlement and growth
Although modern historians do not exclude the possibility that during the Roman period some form of settlement existed at the mouth of the Amstel River, no evidence of one has ever been found. So far as is known, Amsterdam originated as a small fishing village in the 13th century ad. To protect themselves from floods, the early inhabitants had to build dikes on both sides of the river, and about 1270 they built a dam between these dikes.
Even then, merchant ships from Amsterdam sailed as far as the Baltic Sea and laid the foundation of the future trade centre, acting as a link between northern Europe and Flanders (now northern Belgium and northern France). The city was under the jurisdiction of the counts of Holland, one of whom, Count Floris V, granted the homines manentes apud Amestelledamme ("people living near the Amstel dam") a toll privilege in 1275. This document mentions the name Amsterdam for the first time, though a full charter was not granted until 1306. The city rapidly extended its business, and in 1489, as a sign of gratitude for the support given by the city to the Burgundian-Austrian monarchs, Emperor Maximilian I allowed Amsterdam to adorn its armorial bearings with the imperial crown. By then Holland's greatest commercial town and port, as well as the granary of the northern Netherlands, Amsterdam had become a centre of wealth and influence in Europe.
After the Netherlands passed to the Spanish crown in the 16th century, a religious and political rebellion against Spanish oppression spread across the region. Amsterdam hesitated to join the rebellion led by William I (the Silent), prince of Orange, but in 1578 there was a bloodless revolution in the city. The magistrates, together with the majority of Roman Catholic priests, were deported; the religious orders and communities were secularized; the Dutch Reformed church effectively replaced the Roman Catholic church; and Amsterdam joined the Dutch rebellion against Spain.
Amsterdam was still a small city with no more than about 30,000 inhabitants, but things changed quickly, especially in 1585, when Spanish troops recaptured Antwerp (in modern Belgium), then the dominant port and commercial centre of the Netherlands. Dutch forces responded by blockading the Schelde River, Antwerp's only access to the sea. The fall of Antwerp led to a wholesale influx of mainly Protestant refugees into the towns of the northern Netherlands, especially Amsterdam. Their arrival enriched the city's intellectual, cultural, and commercial life. Banking and shipbuilding especially flourished. Much of the trade formerly concentrated in Antwerp then moved to Amsterdam, and along with the Flemish merchants soon came hundreds of Jews expelled from Portugal, followed by their coreligionists from the area of modern Germany and eastern Europe. The city soon became a trading metropolis, whose population more than tripled between 1565 and 1618. Merchant ships from Amsterdam not only sailed to the Baltic and the Mediterranean but also plied the long sea route to the East Indies and established colonies in South America and southern Africa.
At this time, the still outwardly medieval town developed into a big city, and in 1612 the city council decided upon a new extension—the Three Canals Plan. Furthermore, the city needed a new and stately city hall, and the architect Jacob van Campen was commissioned to build one on Dam square in the shadow of the New Church. In 1632 the Athenaeum Illustre (which became the University of Amsterdam in the 19th century) was erected. When the Treaty of Münster ended the Eighty Years' War (1568–1648) with Spain, Amsterdam was the financial, trading, and cultural centre of the world, lending money to foreign kings and emperors and thus exerting political influence internationally.
Conflict between the city council and other political forces in the Dutch republic was inevitable because the country was effectively no longer ruled by the States General in The Hague but by a small elite of magistrates and merchants in Amsterdam. This situation led to political difficulties with William II, prince of Orange, who in 1650 planned to besiege the city. Amsterdam, nevertheless, maintained its dominant position for many years. Decline gradually came in the 18th century; London and Hamburg surpassed Amsterdam as trade centres, and London became the financial heart of Europe. Amsterdam was occupied in 1787 by the Prussians, who backed the policy of William V, prince of Orange. The French, welcomed as liberators in 1795, brought freedom, but within a few years trade and shipping nearly stopped because of Napoleon's embargo on trade with Britain. In 1806 Napoleon proclaimed the Netherlands a kingdom, with Amsterdam as its capital, but by 1810 the country was incorporated into the French Empire. Russian Cossacks drove out the French and entered the city in 1813, and, on March 30, 1814, William VI, prince of Orange, was inaugurated as William I, king of the Netherlands, in Amsterdam's New Church.
The modern city
The international trade on which Amsterdam had thrived suffered greatly during the Napoleonic period, and it was only the revival of Dutch rule and commerce in the East Indies in the 1830s that began to restore prosperity to the city. After 1850 sustained growth set in, and the population doubled (to 500,000) by 1900. The East Indian trade and associated manufactures remained the backbone of the economy. The North Sea Canal, built during the 1870s, strengthened the port by providing a direct link to the North Sea. Amsterdam suffered from the disruption of trade during World War I, but modest prosperity resumed in the 1920s. The Great Depression and World War II were especially traumatic for the capital. The German army occupied the Netherlands in 1940, and Allied bombers attacked industrial areas several times. However, the city's severest loss was the deportation of its 70,000 Jewish inhabitants. There were heroic exploits in Amsterdam by the Dutch Resistance and many quiet deeds of valour in protecting those persecuted by the Nazi regime, such as the family of Anne Frank. However, the city's Jews and their old quarter were almost entirely eliminated.
After the war there was a difficult period of reconstruction, but by the 1950s the economy was booming. The Netherlands in the 1950s was not a radical place, and Amsterdam was typically staid and proper. The 1960s, however, brought social and cultural change throughout the Western world, nowhere more so than in Amsterdam, which embraced the libertarian radicalism for which it has been renowned ever since. The reasons for the extraordinary change are still debated but include the long economic boom, the severity of the religious strictures in mainstream Dutch culture in the mid-20th century, and the traditional Dutch tolerance of difference. This radicalism opened the way for the city's relatively open tolerance for recreational drug use and prostitution. During the 1960s and '70s, numerous radical movements arose, some of them highly political and tightly structured, but many of them playful and satirical, based on street theatre. Public demonstrations often turned into confrontations with the increasingly bewildered and beleaguered police. Riots took place at the wedding of Princess (later Queen) Beatrix in 1966 and at her coronation parade in 1980, and demonstrations, confrontations, and riots over a variety of political issues occurred in central Amsterdam repeatedly into the 1980s. During the 1990s the intensity of street protest diminished, but there is still a radicalism in Amsterdam's public life that is hard to find anywhere else.
Learn More in these related Britannica articles:
art market: The rise of Antwerp and AmsterdamDespite the prestige of Rome, the centre of gravity in the 17th-century art world shifted increasingly toward the northern cities of Antwerp and Amsterdam. During the 16th century, Antwerp had been a major centre of artistic production, exporting paintings throughout Europe. It was similarly…
Rembrandt van Rijn: First Amsterdam period (1631–1635/36)In 1631 Rembrandt entered a business relationship with Hendrick Uylenburgh (1584 or 1589–
c.1660), an Amsterdam entrepreneur in paintings who had a large workshop that painted portraits, carried out restorations, and produced copies, among other activities. Rembrandt apparently had already planned or…
history of Europe: DemographicsAmsterdam, which replaced it as the greatest northern port, grew from 30,000 in 1550 to 65,000 in 1600 and 175,000 in 1650. The mid-17th century—a period of recession in many European regions—was Holland's golden age. Late in the century, Amsterdam faced the growing challenge of…
Western architecture: The Low Countries…Magdalene of 1887, both in Amsterdam, being the most impressive. For his great secular buildings in that city, the Rijksmuseum (1876–85) and the Central Station (1881–89), he chose a Gothic that passes rather into the Renaissance style.…
Netherlands: The late 20th century…and labour groups, especially in Amsterdam. The most difficult crisis affected the royal family. The marriage (1966) of Princess Beatrix, the heiress to Queen Juliana (who had succeeded Wilhelmina on her abdication in 1948), to a German diplomat aroused acrimonious debate. The unsanctioned marriage of Princess Irene to a Spanish…
More About Amsterdam12 references found in Britannica articles
Assorted References
- Gothic Revival architecture
- art market development
- early modern Europe
- influence of Antwerp
- Low Countries
- Netherlands
significance to
- Netherlands
- Noord-Holland


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Student presentations
Thursday, April 24, 2014
Event Oval, The Diana Center
Come see the best student research in the areas of environmental science, environmental biology, environmental policy, and sustainability. These innovative presentations mark the culmination of the cutting-edge work Barnard and Columbia students have done with their research mentors, and are a fantastic way to learn about the important topics with which they've been engaged. Visit envsci.barnard.edu for a detailed list of thesis topics as the date approaches, then join us in celebrating our students' impressive accomplishments.
Reception to follow presentations.
Apr. 24, 2014 - 4:30 PM

subset: commoncrawl


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Intel's AppUp application store for MeeGo and Windows operating systems has been taken out of beta. Since its introduction in January, the AppUp store has amassed 450,000 users. Intel is also combining AppUp with the Atom Developer Program, which will now be known as the AppUp Developer Program.
We've compiled the 10 utility apps rated highest by Intel's AppUp store users.
More Smartphones that Work for Business New smartphones for today's business user.
12 Hot New Tablets Hitting the Market The market is expanding at a brisk pace with many new competitive tablets being introduced to the public.
10 Top Security Policies from the Knowledge Network Prevent security breaches with a solid security plan.
Related Topics : Business Consolidation, Business Culture, Procurement, Software and Web Development, Vendor Management
Because we live in an on-demand world, customers are demanding personalized experiences across all touchpoints – regardless of where they reside. ... More >>
Much like mass-produced foods filled with ingredients no one can understand, "junk food" IT can make a company sick and sluggish. ... More >>
While offshoring can certainly be viewed as a way to save money on development, the expectation of getting something for nothing – that is, an ideal developer for half the price – is sheer fantasy. ... More >>


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Arthur Jones
A Bit of Excitement for Old Maidsby Arthur Jones
From his autobiography," . . . And God Laughs"
"The suspense is terrible. I hope it will last." Oscar Wilde
After a brutal trip through the Mexican jungle in the summer of 1951, I arrived back in Veracruz without a cent remaining in my pocket, with a large truckload of wild animals and with no place to put them, and filthy dirty, only to find that Mike Tsalikis had sent me no money at all.
Instead, I found a telegram waiting for me that said I should call him at home at eight that night. My problem then being that I could not place the call to Mike collect; so I went to the office of the phone company and spoke with Mike from a phone booth there, but afterwards had no money to pay for the call.
So the phone company sent a man with me while I went out on the streets in search of somebody who might be another Gringo, hoping to be able to borrow enough money to pay for the call; and, eventually, I found another American who did agree to loan me the money I needed.
Then I had to try to find a place to unload the animals, and eventually found that; in the home of a man called Pedro The Dog because of his occupation, stealing dogs. He lived with one son and a daughter in a very small house in a government housing project and agreed to let me put my animals there until I could ship them to Florida. My animals filled his house to the ceiling so his family had to sleep out in the open in an enclosure surrounded by the small houses.
Having read Mike the riot act because of his failure to have the money awaiting my return, he promised to have it waiting for me early the next morning; and it was waiting, but then the man on duty in the telegraph office refused to give it to me in spite of the identification provided by my passport, told me that the sum represented several years of his gross wages and he dared not give that much money to a stranger.
Which brought me to the end of my rope, but I then found that while he would not accept my passport as sufficient identification he was more than willing to accept my pistol; after about five seconds of looking into the barrel of my pistol he gave me the money in cash, in pesos.
The Nationality of Two Women
A few days later, sitting at a table under the roof of a restaurant outside of the largest hotel in the city, eating with the other American who loaned me the money for the phone call, we noticed two middle-aged and very homely women seated at another table. He said they looked like American women, but I said that they did not look like Americans, so we entered into a bet on the subject.
Neither of us was interested in the women because they were far from being attractive; our only interest in them was their nationality, because of our bet. So we invited them to move over to our table, and they did.
They were English school teachers, both old maids, who had saved their money for years in England, then moved to New York and worked there for several years as domestic servants while saving enough money to buy a new car for a planned trip to lower Mexico in search of adventure; which they were about to find.
Neither woman had ever driven a car before they left New York in a new Studebaker; an investment that required most of their funds, leaving very little for the planned trip to Mexico, but they wanted adventure so here they were, at the end of the road.
South of there was nothing apart from jungles and mountains; no roads, no trails, no bridges, no restaurants, and nothing deserving the name of hotel or motel. All of which they were about to learn for themselves; learn the hard way, with a little assistance from me. The truck I had hired for the trip into Veracruz had already departed, and its owner told me that he would never use his truck for such a hard trip again since it was almost destroyed by the very rough trails that we were forced to use while carrying a heavy load of animals.
So since I knew that another, but smaller, load of animals would be waiting by the time that I got back to the village of San Juan Evangelista, and since the women were seeking adventure, I suggested that they go with me in their car for another load of animals, with me driving and with Pedro The Dogs son along as a guide and assistant; and they agreed to go, a decision that they probably still regret more than thirty-three years later, if they lived that long after our trip.
A Trip to Remember
The first part of the route south of Veracruz, after crossing a bay on a ferry boat, was a narrow trail that quickly disappeared into the jungle, a trail that crossed several relatively small streams that we had to ford, but with water deep enough that the interior of the car was soaked halfway up the doors of the car. Then back on the trail after crossing each stream the middle of the trail was very thin dust that scraped against the bottom of the car; the result quickly being that the upholstery was covered in mud within a few miles, which did very little in the way of pleasing either woman.
On we went. And the farther we went the worse it got.
After roaming around in the jungle for almost all of the first night, lost since we had somehow missed the proper trail, both of the women were violently sick, running at both ends; they were vomiting and shitting almost constantly, which delayed us even more, and which did not contribute much in the way of improving their appreciation of what I was doing for them.
Finally, almost destroyed by then, the car broke down and we could not continue; but eventually a big truck came along and I bummed a ride to the gravel road for myself and the two women, leaving Pedro The Dogs son to mind the car, telling him to wait there until I could return with help to fix the car.
Both women assured me very sincerely that they were almost dead, and looked it; they were utterly filthy with their upper clothes covered with mud and vomit and their lower clothes covered with mud and shit, with their hair matted into fright wigs of mud and other debris. By that point they were no longer much interested in adventure.
So on we went.
They were too weak to protest much, spent most of their time weeping, vomiting and shitting; no longer even trying to remove any of their clothes before shitting, just letting it seep through their underpants and run down their legs.
They then had no remaining interest in adventure, and did not seem to like me as much as they did when I first met them in the restaurant and told them about the tremendous favor I was willing to provide them with at no cost to them. I always was very generous in those days; not very smart, but generous. My intentions were always only the best in any situation; although my plans were seldom the best.
We caught another ride on a truck after we reached the gravel road and then I hired that truck to take us to the tiny hotel in the village of San Juan Evangelista; when we finally got there the women looked at it as if I had just checked them into a luxury suite in the Waldorf Astoria Hotel in New York City. And less than an hour later Pedro The Dogs son arrived in the village, towing the womens car behind another large truck.
So we all went to bed in the tiny hotel rooms; renting the entire hotel cost me only a dollar a night.
I have been in some better hotel rooms but never any that were less expensive; and there was no extra charge for the flies, cockroaches, mosquitoes, vampire bats and other assorted nonhuman bedmates, which the women did not even seem to notice.
A Pink Tea Party NOT
Four days later, having managed to get the car repaired at least to a point where it would run again, having convinced the women, who were still nearly dead, that there was no alternative to a return trip, having loaded the car so full of wild animals that there was room only for me and the two women on the front seat, with the Mexican boy riding on the hood of the car, and with even the trunk filled to overflowing with boxed animals and snakes, we set out in route back to Veracruz.
As things turned out the trip south had been a pink tea party when it was later compared to the trip back north.
Fording one larger than average stream, with the Mexican boy wading in front of the car so I could judge the depth of the water in the river, he signaled me to turn towards my right; I did, and the car dropped off of an underwater cliff, and sank into about twelve feet of water. When it stopped sinking only the boxed animals on top of the open trunk were still above the surface. Things were really fucked up at that point.
Between us the Mexican boy and I managed to get both women out of the car still alive, if just barely, pumped them out as best we could in total darkness, and then tried to rescue as many as possible of the animals before they drowned. We did manage to save a few, but had to release most of them and let them float away on the current of the river. After which we could do nothing more to help improve our situation.
Neither woman had anything to say after they finally stopped gagging up water, and for a while I was afraid that both of them were dead. Then, shortly after dawn, a big truck came along and I hired it to pull the car up out of the deep water and tow it to the next small village along our route towards Veracruz.
It then took the Mexican boy and me three days and nights to take the car apart, dry it out and try to get it running again; but our first such attempt failed, it would not start. But, after a second attempt, it did start; but, by that point, the car was probably not worth fifty dollars as junk, it was simply destroyed.
And the women did not appear to be worth much if anything more than the car was; having spent the better part of a week stretched out on the bare ground under a tree while we worked on the car, eating almost nothing and still shitting almost continuously, they were no longer interested in much of my conversation and had apparently lost all of their original interest in adventure.
On we went, with only a few more minor disasters along the way.
Unorganized, English Women
Finally, after we reached Pedro The Dogs house and unloaded the few remaining animals, I gave the women a copy of Pedros address and told them that if they would come back the next day I would get their car washed for them . . . free of charge.
But they must have lost Pedros address, because they never came back.
(Note: Joness autobiography, " . . . And God Laughs," is available as a part of a two-volume set of his writings, which is called The Arthur Jones Collection. This collection may be purchased through I-A-R-T.com, click into Books Section.)
Bill Sekerak
California, USA
Kansas, USA


text:
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Join Toopy and Binoo for a fun Twitter Party on Thursday, February 20th at 1:00PM hosted by @ResourcefulMom to learn more about the show and win wonderful prizes! Follow#ToopyandBinoo to participate.


text:
At the end of BlizzCon there was a concert, in the way that there usually is. During this concert, Samwise invited a man named George Fisher up on stage to sing that metal song about being in the horde. George Fisher's stage name, by the by, is "Corpsegrinder" and he sings in the metal band Cannibal Corpse.
So far so good! Celeb plays WoW, wants to sing (probably for free) at BlizzCon, great! Then, to introduce him to the crowd, they play this video snippet of an interview he gave at some point presumably during BC:
This is substantially less awesome. It was pretty clear to me what lived in those beeps, but in case you're in any doubt, here's the unedited version (skip to 1:01):
Then a thread gets posted to the official forums about it. You can find that thread here. It is really weird. The thread is - for the most part - not about how Blizzard just put a really bigoted rant on the screen because they thought it was funny. The thread is mostly about how Alliance players feel marginalized.
Basically this whole situation is screwed in twelve different directions. It's honestly pretty difficult to know where to begin, but it's easiest for me to start with the totally weird faction focus that has characterized things thus far. Let's all be clear about this: there is nothing inherently Horde or Alliance about any of us. We're all human beings that may or may not have a preference to play one faction or another for any of a zillion reasons. If you're insulted by Mr. Fisher's diatribe because you play Alliance, you are honestly being kind of silly.
There are some folks in that thread talking about how, soon, there could be soccer-style riots with jackbooted Horde thugs stomping on fragile Alliance skulls. I guess I'll just say that if that day comes I will eat my hat. Hats. I've got a few of different sorts, and I'll eat all of them. The factions are not real, we do not really owe allegiance to them, and insulting your faction can never be equivalent to insulting you as a person.
The actual problem here isn't even that this guy used unequivocally, completely, unapologetically bigoted language.
The problem is that Blizzard put him on their big stage at their event and then deliberately played the video of him using that language. What this looks like, to me, is Blizzard as a company have said loud and clearly that they think his little rant was hilarious. That the Blizzard company culture is one that considers LGBTQ people of every description sad, disgusting little jokes. That the official Blizzard nomenclature for a homosexual man is "cocksucker". That Blizzard thinks jokes like
"Go fucking cry a river and tell me how you're gonna slit your wrists you night elf faggot."are especially funny in light of the gay teens who have committed suicide, often after being urged to do so by their bullies.
That they chose to do this says to me that Blizzard thinks that everything I just pointed out is so common sense, so truly and obviously funny, that it's a proper way to make a gag about faction rivalry.
I can almost guarantee that there were queer people in the audience at that concert. A lot of them probably play Horde. After all, Horde is the faction of the castoffs and the rejects, the marginalized and the despised. It's not surprising that it's home to the largest LGBT guild network in the game.
It must've felt pretty awesome for those players to hear that video and hear the cheers that it was met with.
I say again: sigh.
WoW is a hobby for me. It's not my only hobby, but I like it. Mostly I like my guild. We have representatives for every letter in the LGBTQ initialism, most of whom are regular raiders, as well as a few just regular old straight folks. I log in, in part, because hanging out with these people is a fun way to get away from everything else. To get away from the George Fishers of the world. To get away from having to explain my DADT discharge at every job interview and then, now that I've gotten hired, coming out to coworkers. Wondering each time if this will be the one that has an issue with it (so far so good!).
I don't live every day with the crushing chains of oppression hung around my neck or anything. I've had an easier time of things than probably most gay guys out there, or most women or people of color or any other minority, for that matter. Even for me, though, it gets wearying. Listening to the things our politicians say. Having to mute or /ignore at least one person any time I play any videogame online ever. It gets old. I like being able to log into WoW for raid time, hang out with my guild, and know that I won't have to bother with any of that. We just spend a few hours killing pretend monsters and taking their stuff.
Except now even that is just a little bit poisoned. A little ruined. Not totally, not even majorly. But wouldn't it be nice if it hadn't happened? Wouldn't it be nice if we felt welcomed by the game's makers, not just by the people we play with?
Wouldn't it be nice if we hadn't been totally blown off at the open Q&A? In case you don't know what I mean, here's the only queer-related question they got the in entire con and its response:
Where are the LGBT characters in WoW Lore?
Everything is gravy as long as its just a great character. There is the possiblity of adding them, as long as the story is compelling, might see it in the future.
Translated, this is pretty much "yeah yeah whatever, next?"
I suppose it's worth mentioning that Bashiok kind of apologized for the concert thing on the forums. Although a little later on he made this post, kind of nullifying it. Yes, we know he was joking, Bashiok. That's why it sucks: because we're the butt of the joke. The joke's not funny if you don't think a gay man is a grotesque parody of a "real" man, debased and degraded by any expression of his own sexuality. If you think that queers are just people, then his rant lacks any humor.
This kind of stuff makes me so tired. Misogyny, racism, homophobia. It's all so old, and so evil, and the defenses are always the same. Just thinking about it makes me feel as if I'm 97, rickety and exhausted, standing at the bottom of a stairwell that I have to get up to get home. Writing this whole long post is the equivalent of shuffling my left foot a few inches forward so that it nudges against the first riser.
This is why reading this essay was so tense for me. Most of the time, you just don't want to deal with the bigots on the net. They're just these endless turds of varying sizes scattered along the sidewalk, making it harder to get where you're going. And a lot of the time you can't win, anyway. Sometimes the racists have better aim than you, or they've been playing longer, or you screw something up because you're shaking with emotion, or whatever. To put one in his place is positively ambrosial.
Heh. I wish I'd found out about this whole debacle before I signed up for a year of WoW, damn it.
Addendum: I may as well preempt a few likely responses. There's a whole swath of "it's just a joke," "it's death metal, what do you expect," "but they beeped it out," and similar defenses. They take different tacks, but they're all sailing for the same port: "it doesn't actually matter that he said those things."
My response to that is to ask you to imagine if he'd said "I don't play Horde because it's full of niggers and kikes," or "go kill yourself, you downsy cow."
Did those sound different to you? Worse, more shocking? Because they shouldn't.
Update: online petitions are often of dubious efficacy, but there is one up at Change.org. I signed it - it's something, right?


text:
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Business travellers will appreciate high-speed wireless and hardware Internet access. The Quality Hotel & Suites Woodstock offers conference and banquet facilities for groups of four to 360 people.
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Check-In Time: 15:00 Check-Out Time: 11:00 Guest Rooms: 136


text:
Flush Your Hard-Earned Money Down This SNES Urinal
There once was a man from South Denver, who made a urinal out of SNES cartridges for reasons he can't remember. Some time it has passed, and now the creator's looked back, and regretted this thing from his past. Now it's for sale, and for five Benny Franks, you could have it shipped to you in the mail.
Have you ever wanted to own a piece of Super Nintendo history just so you could pee on it? Well then you are the one person in the world for whom the SNES urinal would make the perfect Christmas gift. You actually might remember this particular piece of custom lavatory equipment making the rounds a few years ago when it was first manufactured, but now its creator has decided the gauche plastic piss pot needs to find a new home.
The urinal has been posted to Craigslist, where the description may be brief, but the agonizing memory of paying $499 for an upright toilet, that may not even actually be functional, will last forever. I'm sure the contractor who puts it in your bathroom will have no objections to the possible health code violations either. There are about a million better ways to spend your money, just like there was a million better ways for the guy who made this to spend his weekends. At least it exists for us to make fun of, so it's got that going for it.


text:
One tractor, ditch-digging work leads to multi-business ventures
After months without a restaurant, Vernon Park Mall now features Tropical Flavas serving Caribbean cuisine.
The restaurant opened June 7 where the Andy�s used to be, next to Footlocker.
Mall Manager Mike Ingalls said he wishes the business success and hopes people support it.
�Everybody that I have talked to,� he said, �loved their food, and it�s a great asset to building the food court back.�
Owner Michael Clifton said the food offers a variety of tastes from several islands in the Caribbean. Clifton is a native of Trinidad and lived in New York until moving to Greenville in 2006.
�I learned to cook from my family growing up,� he said. �� I have a lot of experience with different island dishes.�
The menu features oxtails, stewed and jerk chicken, and curry chicken and goat. It also includes shrimp, beef and fried or steamed fish, when available.
A dish called roti is made with dough folded over and stuffed with yellow split peas, potatoes and peas, Clifton said.
�Most of the dishes are well-seasoned,� he said. �The only one that�s spicy is the jerk chicken.�
Patrons can request their order spicier, if desired.
Meals come with sides, including fried plantain, yams, collards and fried dumpling, known as Jonny cake.
Tropical juices, sodas and ice cream are also available. Ice cream flavors include mango, coconut and passion fruit.
American fare, such as chicken tenders and nuggets, burgers, hot dogs and wings are also available.
Clifton said there are 50 seats in front of the restaurant. Customers can eat in the mall or take out.
Tropical Flavas, 834 Hardy Road, is open 11 a.m.-7 p.m. Monday through Saturday. For information, call 252-361-5001.
Danny Smith started his lawn care business with one tractor.
But before that, he began doing drainage work � a trade the Kinston native learned from his father, the late Dee Smith, who was a general contractor for 30 years and Lenoir county commissioner.
�I dug all the foundations around here,� Smith said. �I was a one-man crew to start with.�
He did the drainage work on the side while he was working for his father at the former Dee�s Restaurant,
In the mid-1980s, he began mowing big jobs with a tractor and now has five tractors and several smaller ones.
He named his business Danny Smith Landscaping & Drainage, with an office behind the restaurant. His specialty is in commercial, industrial and municipality lawns. He said his son, Danny Smith Jr., known as �Little Danny,� works with him.
�He�s been driving our tractors since he was 7 or 8 years old,� Smith said about his son.
Smith was also a firefighter and fire chief for the North Lenoir Volunteer Fire Department and retired after 27 years. When the West Pharmaceutical plant exploded, he was the person in charge for 18 hours, he said.
His drainage work experience led him to become a developer. In 1994, he developed the Hunter Creek subdivision, which he still owns.
A year or so later, he began building self-storage complexes. Hullwood Mini Storage is near his office, while three others are located elsewhere in Lenoir County.
In 2003, he started Dee�s Rental, a property rental business.
�I named that in honor of my father,� Smith said.
His father, the �backbone� of Smith�s business ventures, died in 2005, the year Smith opened Danny Smith Auto Sales, he said. The used car lot is run by his wife, Kinston native Myra Smith, and their daughter, Kristen Alphin, one of the couple�s five children.
The car lot is located in the same area as his office. Smith�s businesses and Smith Cafe, owned by Smith�s cousin George, are located on what was his father�s farm, he said.
Smith said he never imagined his sideline drainage work and one tractor would lead to the large operation he has today.
Danny Smith Landscaping & Drainage and Danny Smith Auto Sales are at 2500 N.C. 258 N. For information, call 252-527-4644.
Margaret Fisher can be reached at 252-559-1082 or firstname.lastname@example.com. Follow her on Twitter @MargaretFishr.
Do you have a new retail business or one that�s undergone a significant change? The Free Press would like to hear about it. Contact Margaret Fisher at 252-559-1082 or firstname.lastname@example.com.


text:
The Department of Health wants every person with dementia, and their carers and families, to receive high quality, compassionate care from diagnosis through to end of life care.
Videos: good practice in post diagnosis support
Five new videos from the Department of Health highlight a range of initiatives to support people with dementia in different areas of England. The vide…
Meet Tommy Dunne
This short film focuses on the experiences of Tommy Dunne, who lives in Liverpool and has been diagnosed with early onset dementia.
Beta version of new dementia site launched
This new Department of Health site on dementia has been launched as a 'beta', which means it's a prototype version that we will develop using fe…
Government policy on dementia
The Department of Health wants every person with dementia, and their carers and families, – from all backgrounds, walks of life and in all parts of …
Join Dementia Research
Join Dementia Research is a new service that helps people to take part in dementia research studies. It aims to accelerate the pace of dementia resear…
Dementia Friends
Dementia Friends is a programme to help people understand a bit more about dementia and the small things they can do to help people with the condition…
Said elsewhere
News and blogs about dementia from other sites
Sense of purpose in life linked to healthier brain ageing
Researchers in the US have found that older people with a strong sense of purpose in life may be less likely to have damage in the brain caused by decreased blood flow.
Positive results from early-stage trial of a new drug to treat Alzheimer's disease
The results of a highly-anticipated early-stage trial into a new drug aimed at treating Alzheimer's disease have been announced by the pharmaceutical company Biogen Idec.


text:
MU Pro Pen Set
Once again, Manga University brings together the best Japanese manga art tools into a specially priced bundle! The MU Pro Pen Set features the popular Tachikawa "jumbo" free-size pen holder and a generous supply of precision Tachikawa drawing nibs. An ideal choice of professional and novice manga artists alike, this bundle includes:
- One Tachikawa "jumbo" free-size pen holder with comfortable silicon grip: Designed to hold all five varieties of pen nibs included in the set, this pen is made of wood and is the most comfortable pen holder we've had the pleasure of using. A special plastic cap keeps the inserted nib protected from damage when the pen is not in use.
- Three G-pen nibs: G-pen nibs are among the most popular of all because of their wide applications. They are ideal for drawing soft and flexible lines.
- Three school-pen nibs: School nibs produce hard, sharp lines and are essential for drawing details and extra-fine work.
- Three spoon-pen nibs: Spoon nibs, so-called because of their resemblance to the eating utensil, yield smooth, fluent and somewhat soft lines.
- Three caption-pen nibs: If you want your manga dialogue lettering to look as beautiful as the drawings themselves, you'll need to use caption nibs. These are designed specifically for drawing Japanese kanji characters, but also work well when writing in English.
Two round-pen nibs: Like G-pen nibs, round nibs are a favorite among serious manga artists. That's because while they feel "hard" when drawing, they are capable of producing both thick and thin lines with distinction.
Important: The nibs included in the MU Pro Pen Set are traditional calligraphy-style pens and need to be dipped in ink before using. While you can find "manga ink" at some art supply stores, standard ink for drawing or calligraphy will also work just fine and can be purchased at any art supply or stationery store.


text:
When word broke that the Rams will allow running back Steven Jackson to void the final year of his contract to become a free agent after this season, it was widely assumed the writing was on the wall for Jackson's departure from St. Louis.
If that turns out to be the case, this Sunday would be his final home game as a member of the team. That assumption might have been incorrect, though. Jackson can remain in St. Louis for the final year of his deal, which is set to pay him $7 million, and he doesn't sound like a man itching to ply his trade elsewhere. While he's thought about the fact that this could be his last home game, Jackson says he expects to be with the Rams in 2013.
"It'll be something that I look forward to dealing with and handling at the end of the year," Jackson said, via Jim Thomas of the St. Louis Post-Dispatch, "I'm very optimistic that I'll finish my career as a Ram."
It's less clear whether or not the Rams want to continue the relationship and an extension that lowers Jackson's cap hit next year could be a possibility. If Sunday does turn out to be Jackson's final home game, he has a chance to go out with a bang.
Jackson needs 71 yards to reach 10,000 for his career. He'd be the 27th man in history to reach that milestone and the 15th to get all of the yards with the same team.


text:
The Island's only year-round ferry port and only truly year-round town, Vineyard Haven never closed up shop in the winter months the way other towns do. Correspondingly, many people also live in the downtown area all year long. Tiny streets radiate from Main and Franklin, built with a mix of Federal, Greek revival and Cape Cod style houses. The William Street historic district runs just off Main Street through the center of town. Main Street runs out to West Chop along the harbor, the commercial district melting into shady residential streets.
Downtown/Historic District in the News
Main Street Vineyard Haven Redecorates
Vineyard Haven: Sights and Sounds of a Town Awakening
A Main Street Staple for 28 Years, Bramhall & Dunn to Close


text:
Welcome to your Google Science Fair 2012 Official Project Submission site! You'll use this Google Site to showcase your project submission.
Adding your own content is as easy as clicking the Edit page button at the top right of every page. Enjoy personalizing your site, but remember that it will be easier for the judges if you keep the suggested page titles and pay attention to the page-by-page judges' tips in the Help section.
Make sure that you have set the permissions to "Public on the web" for your site and also on any Google Docs that you embed, so the judges can see your work. But remember that everyone else can see it too, and think carefully before sharing personal information.
And also remember, replace the words of guidance that you're reading right now with your very own science fair project content on every page.


text: A month later, and I'm back in NYC! I know, I just can't seem to stay away! One of my best friends Laina was going to be working at New York Comic Con, and she was bringing along her husband Brian (another one of my best friends) and our friend Jovan. I of course jumped at the opportunity to visit NYC again, and decided I'd meet them up in the city later in the week (they flew in Wednesday, I flew in Friday). Interested in seeing what silly shenanigans we got into this time? Keep reading!


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Trying to harvest corn on 38-inch row spacings with a 30-inch corn header may be like trying to pick cotton on 30-inch row spacings with a conventional picker. It might work, but the results may not be all that satisfactory.
To veteran corn producers, the idea of matching row spacings and corn headers may sound rather elementary. But for first-time corn growers who are more accustomed to harvesting soybeans and wheat, the fact that corn headers come in different row widths may be a surprise.
"One thing new corn growers in the South might want to check is the row widths on their corn headers," says Bill Wiebold, Extension corn and soybean specialist with the University of Missouri-Columbia. "Most of the world has moved to 30-inch rows in corn, but I know cotton traditionally has been planted on 38-inch rows."
That was one of several topics Wiebold talked about in a wide-ranging discussion on the potential shift in acres from cotton, soybeans and rice to corn not only in the Mid-South and Southeast but also in the Midwest.
Some of that shifting — the University of Missouri's Food and Agricultural Policy Research Institute has been predicting another 8.3 million acres of corn could be planted in 2007 — may have been short-circuited by the unusually dry conditions in the Mid-South in mid- to late March.
Wiebold said numerous reports of Mid-South growers trading cotton pickers in on combines and corn headers and building storage bins indicates the shift to corn may be of a more permanent nature than some observers have indicated.
"If farmers are trading equipment for combines, that may be a signal this change may be longer term than we thought," he said in an interview in his office on the University of Missouri campus.
Missouri, which has been more of a soybean state than its neighbors to the north and east, is expected to move some acres to corn, but not on the percentage scale that had been predicted for the Mid-South and Southeast.
"We normally have about 5 million acres of soybeans in Missouri," he said. "I'm guessing we might drop to 4.5 million with most of the difference being added to the 3 million acres of corn we typically grow. But even a 10 percent change would be pretty dramatic.
"I know some people are kind of testing the idea of growing more corn because of the higher prices, but some of our soils and weather are just better suited for soybeans. And soybean prices are also up, which will hold some of those acres."
Producers can experience harvesting losses of 2.5 bushels per acre if the gathering opening is 4 or 5 inches off the row, according to University of Arkansas Extension specialists. (Corn headers are designed so that stalks are pulled into the relatively narrow gathering opening and the ears stripped off the stalk.)
If damage from windstorms or corn borers cause ears in misaligned rows to drop off, Arkansas specialists say, field losses can exceed 10 bushels per acre.
"The vast majority of corn growers are set up for 30-inch rows because of the increased yield potential," says Wiebold. "So you're more likely to find 30-inch row corn headers unless you run across an older model header. I know some of the equipment at the Delta Research Center at Portageville has been set up on 38-inch rows for cotton."
Timely harvesting will also be important in the South because of the potential for high winds from hurricanes and for the development of aflatoxin when weather conditions turn dry.
Corn harvested between 19 and 24 percent moisture normally has minimal kernel damage, according to research. Preharvest and gathering losses can vary with insect damage, lodging and how tightly ears are held.
Arkansas Extension specialists say aflatoxin isn't likely to be a problem in well-managed corn. "However, aflatoxin proliferates so rapidly in Mid-South fields that a grower should consider his options," they say. "If corn can be dried to 15 percent or below within a day, the spread of aflatoxin is minimized by early harvest."
Wiebold says growers may have other considerations, depending on the marketing outlets available. "I'm not sure about where the corn in the South is going, but an ethanol plant will reject corn with aflatoxin faster than a grain elevator."
Corn destined for dairy cattle can be rejected for as low as 5 parts per billion of aflatoxin, a naturally occurring toxin produced from metabolites of the aspergillus species fungus. Ethanol plants generally apply the same or stricter standards because "the manufacturing process just concentrates the aflatoxin in the dry distillers grain."
If corn is being discounted for aflatoxin in their region this summer, growers may want to take precautions, such as harvesting the "corners" outside their center pivots separately from the remainder of the field since drought-stressed corn is more likely to contain aflatoxin.
"It would be terrible to increase the amount of corn in an area tenfold and then not have anywhere to go with it," says Wiebold. "In general, the faster you can dry it to 10 percent to 15 percent moisture, the less likely the corn will be discounted for aflatoxin."
The Missouri specialist says he believes corn can be a good crop for the Mid-South. "Growers in the Mid-South have good river transportation," he said. "They're not as concerned about the barge basis as farmers in the Midwest where we simply don't have enough."
And corn being planted on fields where it hasn't been grown in a while can be a good thing. "Corn going into ground where there hasn't been any corn generally gets a little bump on yield," Wiebold notes. "In the Midwest, we're seeing a 10 percent to 12 percent depression in yields when we follow corn with corn."
Growers in all corn-growing regions are being advised to line up supplies of nitrogen and atrazine herbicide formulations in advance because of potential shortages due to increased corn acres in some areas.
Pest problems can also be more of a concern in the Mid-South and Southeast, especially since southern corn producers have a 50 percent refuge requirement for Bt hybrids in cotton-growing regions compared to 20 percent in the Midwest.
"When you think insects, think scouting whether you're growing a Bt hybrid or not," he said. "Some of the insects, such as the corn earworm (bollworm), will be familiar to cotton growers. But other pests may have to be identified since producers may not be accustomed to seeing them."
Corn diseases also bear watching, depending on weather conditions. "You get that much corn, some diseases may take off a bit."
He also recommends growers pay close attention to the water needs of the corn plant. "The most critical time appears to be two weeks ahead of silking and two weeks after. You can lose 40 percent of your yield due to stress then."
If a grower needs help with irrigation scheduling, most states now have Web- or Internet-based irrigation planner programs that can help them decide when to water each of their crops. "Corn needs water and can need watering fairly often," says Wiebold. "That's why it should be planted early in the South — to get to the silking stage when rainfall is normally more abundant."
He said the new interest in corn makes it fun to be an agronomist. "Good farmers will learn the basics fast. It will be interesting to see how all this new interest in the crop turns out."


text: Kevin Coyle is vice president for education of the National Wildlife Federation. Prior to NWF, he was president of the National Environmental Education & Training Foundation (NEETF), an award-winning organization chartered by Congress to strengthen U.S. environmental learning for personal stewardship, science education, improved health care, business management, watershed management and natural resource management. He has also led and founded several other educational and environmental organizations, including River Network, Inc. (Washington, DC and Portland), American Rivers, and the American Land Resource Association. Coyle is trustee and immediate past chair of The Potomac Conservancy, trustee of The Alice Ferguson Foundation, and has served two terms as chairman of The Natural Resources Council of America. He holds a bachelor's degree in Sociology from LaSalle University, a J.D. in Environmental Law from Temple University, and the Conservation Leadership Institute Certificate from the Wharton School of Business.


text:
http://www.atptennis.com/en/players/ATP ... ok2007.pdf - смотрите стр 156.
D. Points
1) Points shall be allocated based on Tournament category (Grand Slam, Tennis Masters Cup, ATP Masters Series, International Series Gold or International Series) and, in the case of International Series, total financial commitment, as per the following table.
2) Points are assigned to the losers of the round indicated. There are no points allocated for the first round except in the case of the mandatory events (Grand Slams & AMS). Players accepted into the mandatory events via a Wild Card receive points only from second (2nd) round. Any player who reaches the second round by drawing a bye and then loses shall be considered to have lost in the first round..
3) Players qualifying for the Main Draw through the qualifying competition shall receive qualifying points in addition to any points earned, as per the following table.
Непонятно как категоризовать пермские турниры и пока непонятно какое количество очков давать за каждый круг? Непонятно откуда они взяли эти очки.


text:
Story highlights
- Advances in 3-D printing could transform manufacturing in the 21st century
- Manufacturing objects layer by layer is more precise and saves waste
- U.S. researcher hopes to print a fully working robot in next few years
- Aviation company EADS hoping to build wings and possibly whole planes using 3-D printing by 2050
Three-dimensional (3-D) printers have come a long way from their 1980s origins as machines for building prototypes for industrial engineers and architects.
Today, thanks to advances in technology and high-performance materials, they are being hailed as enablers of a "new industrial revolution."
The technology, which creates 3-D objects layer by layer from 2-D computer models, could transform manufacturing in the 21st century.
Hod Lipson, director of Cornell University's Creative Machines Lab and co-author of "Fabricated: The New World of 3D Printing," says there's virtually no material you can't print with.
"We are focusing on bio-printing and recently worked on food printing. Now we are focusing on multi-material printing -- integrating electric wires, batteries and motors," Lipson said.
"We really want to print a robot that will walk out of a printer. We have been able to print batteries and motors, but we haven't been able to print the whole thing yet. I think in two or three years we'll be able to do that."
Lispon says the commercial 3-D printer market is now growing exponentially, likening the change to the switch from mainframe computers to desktop during the 1980s.
You can now buy printers for $1,000 going up to around $500,000, he says. But you might not need one at all.
"If you're interested in, say, making iPhone covers and you wanted to make them high quality, you could send the file online and it could be shipped overnight to you or your customer. So, essentially there is a cloud manufacturing model that is happening that is allowing people to do this," Lipson said.
See more: How you can 'print' 3-D objects at home
The scale of 3-D products is also expanding with printing ranging from the micro scale right up to building-size, according to Lipson.
Most people are printing toys at the moment, but industrial applications are also growing.
Engineers at EADS (The European Aeronautic Defense and Space Company) -- parent of plane manufacturer Airbus -- are at the vanguard of the rapidly advancing field.
The benefits are enormous, says Jonathan Meyer, leader of Additive Layer Manufacturing (ALM) Research at EADS Innovation Works, based in the UK.
"For us, it's very advantageous to have a technology where we don't need specialized tooling. When you invest in tooling it drives you to a requirement for higher volumes in order to make the cost case," Meyer said.
EADS is working with titanium alloys, high-strength steels and aluminum alloys, turning them from powder into a solid object (a process called sintering) using a laser or an electron beam.
As well as cutting down on waste, the technology also presents the opportunity to make new system parts that are more complex than ones made using conventional machining, Meyer says.
Hydraulic manifold channels can now be curved instead of straight, he says, while complex small-scale trusses can now be defined with far greater accuracy.
Compared to machining, printing reduces weight by up to 65% without compromising on strength, the company says.
"That's one of the things that has surprised a lot of people. We can achieve properties that are equivalent to or, in some cases, better than available materials from plate products," Meyer said.
None of these new 3-D parts are flying around in Airbus's current fleet, but Meyer is confident they will be by the end of the decade, helping make planes lighter and more fuel efficient.
By 2050, EADS envisages wings, perhaps even whole planes, being built by vast 3-D machines.
"It will require a shift in technology and with that comes other constraints and capabilities. But multi-meter, high-value parts are realistic in that time frame. It's a very serious focus," Meyer said.
3-D printing won't be a direct replacement for all existing manufacturing technologies, but it will be "a very, very significant introduction of capabilities to complement that," he says.
Whether Lipson's robot manages to walk out of a printer in the near term remains to be seen.
Whatever happens, it's going to be a lot easier to make things, Lipson says.
"The bottom line is that for the first time in human history complexity is free -- making something complicated takes the same amount of time, resources and skill of making something simple," said Lipson. "This is a profound departure from the past."


text:
Eleanor Barrett L'05
Denise A. Rotko Associate Dean for Legal Practice Skills
Eleanor Barrett L'05 is the Associate Dean for Legal Practice Skills at the University of Pennsylvania Law School. In that capacity, she administers and teaches the first-year Legal Practice Skills course; works to design and implement new skills, writing, and communications courses and programs across the Law School; and oversees the Law School's moot court program.
Before returning to Penn Law School, Barrett served for three years as a law clerk to the Honorable Marjorie O. Rendell of the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit.


text:
- Home
- Devilbiss 3-Gun Kit
Devilbiss 3-Gun Kit
Devilbiss 3-Gun Kit
Item #20491
1 small detail gun, accessories
- 2 large HVLP Guns
- 1 small Detail Gun
- 3 Tips, 3 Cups, Regulator and Tool Kit
About Devilbiss 3-Gun Kit
Take on any automotive painting job with this 3-gun DeVilbiss® Kit that includes one large HVLP Gun for primers (with 1.8mm fluid tip); one large HVLP Gun for top coats (1.3mm fluid tip), and one Small Gun for detailing and custom graphics (with 1.0mm fluid tip). The large guns require 30 psi @ 13 cfm, small gun requires 30 psi @ 8 cfm. One-year mfr's. warranty.
Gun rebuild kits available; see "Accessories" tab.
3-gun kit includes two large HVLP Guns and one small Detailing Gun, plus three tips (1.8mm, 1.3mm, 1.0mm), two 600ml aluminum paints cups, one 250ml nylon paint cup, and a gun-mounted air-adjusting valve with gauge. Cleaning and adjustment tools are also included. Gun rebuild kits available; see "Accessories" tab.
29953 34-oz. DeKups® Disposable-Cup Starter Kit
50040ZP Master Paint Kit
10041Z PRE Painting Prep
12817 Paint Gun Accessory Kit
51136 Eastwood Paint Color Chart
20474 4-Stage Air Dryer System
(Q) Will these guns work with any kind of paint?
(A) These were designed for solvent-based paints, primers and clears.
(Q) What are the compressor requirements?
(A) The large guns need 30 psi @ 13 cfm; the smaller gun needs 30 psi @ 8 cfm.
(Q) How can I learn to paint competently?
(A) Check out Eastwood's full line of training books and DVDs.
(Q) How do I prevent compressor moisture from ruining my paint job?
(A) See our full line of air dryers and filters. Search for "air management".
Always wear a NIOSH-approved respirator, eye protection and skin protection when painting. Consult paint label and MSDS for exact safety precautions. Always paint in a ventilated area away from open flames or sparks. Consult local and federal laws when disposing of excess paints, primer clears and solvents.
Eastwood Offers Free Lifetime Technical Support
Click here for product SDS information
Attention California Residents - Proposition 65
WARNING - Cancer and Reproductive Harm - www.P65Warnings.ca.gov


text:
Here are some of the latest health and medical news developments, compiled by the editors of HealthDay:
Concussion Wouldn't Stop Most NFL Players From Playing in Super Bowl: Survey
Most NFL players say they would play in the Super Bowl even if they had a concussion, a new survey finds.
The NFL Nation anonymous poll of 320 players revealed that 85 percent said they would play in the big game with a concussion, ESPN.com reported.
"We are competitors. We want to go out there and entertain. That's all we are. We're entertainers. Guys want to go out there," said Tennessee Titans safety Bernard Pollard. "They don't want to let themselves down. They don't want to let their teammates down. They want to go out there and play, not thinking about, 'OK, what can this affect later on down the line?'"
Washington Redskins linebacker London Fletcher's first comment about the survey question was, "Did 100 percent say yes?" But he also said his decision would depend on the severity of the concussion, ESPN.com reported.
"If it's something where I'm having just a few symptoms and can hide it from the trainer, then yeah, I would do it," Fletcher said. "With some of them, you get in a game and you can't play."
Marlboro Man Actor Dies From Lung Disease
An actor who portrayed the Marlboro Man in cigarette ads more than 30 years ago died earlier this month from respiratory failure due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Eric Lawson, 72, died Jan. 10 at his California home, his wife Susan announced Sunday, the Associated Press reported.
The actor, who posed as the smoking cowboy in Marlboro print ads from 1978 to 1981, was a smoker since age 14. Later in life, Lawson took part in an anti-smoking commercial that mocked the Marlboro Man, and appeared on "Entertainment Tonight" to talk about the harmful impact of smoking.
Lawson also had small roles on TV shows such as "Charlie's Angels" and "Baretta" before his acting career was ended by injuries he suffered on the set of a Western film, the AP reported.
Government Cracking Down on Doctors Who Abuse Medicare
Fines and being excluded from Medicare and other federal health programs are among the penalties that could be imposed on doctors who repeatedly overcharge Medicare patients, White House officials say.
New measures to identify and punish such doctors were ordered in a directive released Jan. 15. And for the first time in more than 30 years, the federal government may reveal how much is paid to individual doctors who treat Medicare patients, The New York Times reported.
The directive defined a habitual offender as one who is "abusing the program and not changing inappropriate behavior even after extensive education to address these behaviors."
Officials will refer cases to the inspector general at the Department of Health and Human Services, who has the power to levy civil fines and ban physicians from Medicare, Medicaid and other government programs, The Times reported.
About 10 percent ($6 billion a year) of payments in the traditional fee-for-service Medicare program are improper, federal officials estimate. But some experts believe the losses could be much higher.
Hold on Part of Health Care Law's Birth Control Requirement Extended by U.S. Supreme Court
A hold on part of the new health law's birth control requirement that applies to groups with religious links was extended Friday by the U.S. Supreme Court.
Under the ruling, employers who inform the government in writing that they are non-profit, religious organizations with religious objections to providing coverage for birth control services do not have to fill out a form stating that providing such coverage violates their religious beliefs and do not have to provide the coverage, NBC News reported.
Friday's decision extends a ruling made New Year's Eve by Supreme Court Justice Sonia Sotomayor in a case involving the Little Sisters of the Poor. They are Catholic nuns who operate nursing homes in Baltimore and Denver and launched a lawsuit over the health care law's requirement that employers provide coverage for birth control.
The Supreme Court's order issued Friday will apply while the case in on appeal in the lower courts, NBC News reported.
Don't Rely on Quick Flu Tests: CDC
Doctors should not rely entirely on quick flu tests when determining if patients have the flu, U.S. health officials say.
For unknown reasons, the rapid flu tests used in many clinics are showing that patients do not have the flu when in fact they do (false negative), according to Dr. Angela Campbell, a medical officer in the respiratory diseases branch of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, NBC News reported.
Flu is now widespread in 41 states and the H1N1 swine flu is causing 99 percent of the cases that are being tested, the CDC said in its weekly flu report. The false negative results from quick flu tests are cause for concern because H1N1 often targets younger adults, who don't usually get the sickest with the flu.
The CDC said health care workers need to be ready to treat patients for the flu even if the first test is negative, NBC News reported.
U.S. Health Officials Investigate Possible Norovirus Outbreak on Cruise Ship
A Royal Caribbean cruise ship will be inspected Sunday by U.S. health officials as they investigate a possible norovirus outbreak that has sickened about 300 of the more than 3,000 passengers and crew aboard.
Known as the Explorer of the Seas, the ship was on a 10-day cruise that had departed from Cape Liberty, N.J., the cruise line and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention told NBC News.
The ship will be inspected by officials in St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands. The ship had stopped earlier in San Juan, Puerto Rico, for a sanitizing regimen following reports of vomiting and diarrhea by both passengers and crew members, NBC News reported.
"During its sailing, Explorer of the Seas has experienced an elevated number of persons with a gastrointestinal illness," cruise line officials said in a statement, NBC News reported. "Those affected by the short-lived illness have responded well to over-the-counter medication being administered on board the ship."
Typically spread very easily by infected people or contaminated food or water, norovirus is the most common cause of acute gastrointestinal illness in the United States, according to the CDC.


text:
The other day Andy and I were talking about making some more items ourselves here at home. I already make my own garbanzo flour (it's loud, but a Vitamix does a great job on dried garbanzo beans), and a few times I made my own almond milk, though I decided that was simply too labor intensive. One of the foods we realized I had never made was granola. It's one of the easiest things to make and yet I had never even attempted it. Andy eats granola every morning for breakfast, and growing up his mom often made it. Today I decided to give it a go.
Here was my hangup: Granola is insanely sugary and fattening if made regularly. I don't mind the fat coming from the nuts but many of the recipes I saw included both a bunch of sugar and or butter to make it clump. Gulp. No thanks.
I had this absolutely delicious granola a long time ago baked with applesauce. It was sweet, low in fat, and contained only a little sugar. I knew I needed to replicate it. I was okay with using some sugar, and some agave nectar as long as total it didn't exceed one cup (with at least have of that cup being raw agave nectar, and the sugar being raw brown sugar). After some googling I came across this recipe at Fake Ginger.
Her recipe is as follows:
- 2½ cups old fashioned oats
- 1 cup nuts (pecans, walnuts, almonds)
- ½ cup sunflower seeds
- ¼ cup sesame seeds
- ¼ cup brown sugar
- 1 teaspoon cinnamon
- ½ teaspoon salt
- ½ cup unsweetened applesauce
- 1 tablespoon honey
- 1 tablespoon vegetable oil
- ⅓ cup raisins
- Preheat oven to 300F.
- In a large bowl, mix together oats, nuts, sunflower seeds, sesame seeds, brown sugar, cinnamon, and salt. Set aside.
- In a small saucepan, warm the applesauce with the honey and oil over low heat.
- Mix the applesauce mixture into the oat mixture and stir to coat everything. Spread the mixture onto a 9 x 13 baking pan.
- Bake for 45 to 50 minutes, stirring every 10 minutes, until the granola is a deep brown. Remove from oven and stir in raisins. Cool completely before enjoying.
This is what it looks like before baking. I messed up the focus on my camera so just look at that tiny strip of in focus mix *hits self in face*. This is what happens when I don't use my camera very much for a couple months.
Since we limit animal products in our diets, and I already had raw agave nectar on hand I decided to make the switch from honey. My other changes included using cake spice instead of cinnamon since I was out, choosing pecans and walnuts for my nuts, and adding about a half teaspoon of vanilla.
- I did about 4 1/2 rounds of 10 minutes – meaning 45 minutes and it was a little browner than my personal preference. I'll do 30 minutes next time but I have to say it did sets up to a nice crunch and adding the raisins in made it a lot tastier. I think it honestly just comes down to preference on this one. Andy thinks it's fine.
- Next time I will also either cut out the salt all together, or cut to 1/8 of a teaspoon. I found 1/2 to be too much. I'm fairly salt sensitive though, in general a little amount is plenty for me. It didn't taste salty at all to Andy.
- Be careful turning the granola every 10 minutes so you don't break down the clumps too much. It's not a clump intensive granola like some, and I don't think you will get that with an apple sauce granola. It still clumped nicely though, but if you are too aggressive during turning you'll break them up.
It's held up really nice, and once it was entirely cool I put it in a tupperware. The key is to make sure that it is entirely cool. Very Very cool. You don't want any residual heat or else it will turn chewy and blech.
One of the things I really enjoy about this recipe is that it's pretty versatile if you follow the basic recipe. Next time I'll likely go with almonds and dried raspberries. Mmmm so tasty.
Verdict: There's no need to ever buy granola again. This was both super cheap, and super easy. Give it a try!


text:
BATON ROUGE — With lawmakers debating this session where to place the Louisiana Seafood Promotion and Marketing Board and who should oversee it, a new proposal has emerged to give it full autonomy and transform it into a standalone political subdivision.
BATON ROUGE — With lawmakers debating this session where to place the Louisiana Seafood Promotion and Marketing Board and who should oversee it, a new proposal has emerged to give it full autonomy and transform it into a standalone political subdivision.
Wildlife and Fisheries Secretary Robert Barham said the substitute legislation will be presented this week to the Senate and Governmental Affairs Committee.
He described the proposed framework as being similar to a local governmental entity, like a levee district, or a small state agency.
The seafood board works within the Department of Wildlife and Fisheries.
"They will totally be independent, free to do whatever they want," Barham said.
The proposal will be inserted into Winnfield Republican Sen. Gerald Long's Senate Bill 184, which would have originally empowered the wildlife and fisheries secretary to oversee the board.
That initial bill was deferred by the committee this week after Sen. Norby Chabert, R-Houma, put on hold his own Senate Bill 167 to transfer the board from the Department of Wildlife and Fisheries to the Department of Culture, Recreation and Tourism.
Lt. Gov. Jay Dardenne, who runs the Department of Culture, Recreation and Tourism, is taking no stance on the issue, but Barham said he supports Long's new version as well as Chabert's bill.
"Now, if the committee wants to send them over to CRT, that's fine with me, too," he said. "There are just too many problems, and I want peace in the valley. Marketing seafood is not about what we do."
The idea of transferring the board to the Department of Culture, Recreation and Tourism, which has extensive experience with marketing, advertising and public relations, has found favor with members of the Louisiana Restaurant Association, which lawmakers said was lobbying the issue this past week.
"There are a lot of people coalescing behind my bill," Chabert said.
If his Senate Bill 167 is adopted, Dardenne would become the figurehead for the seafood board, whereas Long's planned changes to Senate Bill 184 could give way to a new independent leadership structure.
Scrutiny of the seafood board intensified when its budget suddenly went from a modest $300,000 to $30 million thanks to money donated by BP following its 2010 oil spill.
In its most basic form, the money was meant to help the industry rebound.
Barham said the board still has more than $10 million left in its account and it's linked to a memorandum of understanding that has him signing contracts and checks.
If either bill passes, Barham said he will voluntarily remove himself from the finances and operations of the board and make sure all of its money is transferred where it needs to go.
"We'll transfer all of the money and I will send a letter to BP on July 1 saying I want to be removed from the (memorandum of understanding) completely," he added.
Before the seafood board was reshaped last year because of reform legislation passed by Chabert, former members accused the board's leadership of a litany of misdeeds ranging from personally profiting from marketing deals and not following contract guidelines to putting together deals without including the entire board.
Gov. Bobby Jindal appoints all of the members and re-stacked the board with several new members earlier this year in accordance to Chabert's reform law.
Allen Gibson of Dulac, a seafood board member representing the American Shrimp Processors Association, was a member of the old board and made the cut to return.
He told lawmakers last week that some kind of dramatic change is necessarily, and he has yet to see how some of the marketing activities that were recommended to by the board's leadership have resulted in more sales for the industry.
"We did a lot of flashy things, but we did not take care of our base," he said during Wednesday's committee hearing.
Jeremy Alford can be reached at email@example.com.


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