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Coming tonight to our first in the first in the series of the book of Hebrews, I have titled the book the Superiority or the Preeminence of Jesus Christ, The Preeminence of Jesus Christ. For in the book of Hebrews that is the message. It is the message of Jesus Christ, superior to every thing and everybody. Now tonight we're going to come to an introduction to Hebrews and the introduction to Hebrews is really the first three verses. But before we look at those verses, I want to make a few remarks that we need to make as a foundation for what we're going to study.
Tonight, I believe we're going to come to one of the most unusual adventures that you've ever been through. And that's adventuring through the book of Hebrews. This is a tremendous book. It is a difficult book. It is a book that has many, many deep truths, difficult to understand. Lest we really be diligent and faithful in our study.
There are things here that are beyond the understanding apart from a deep knowledge of the spirit of God and a commitment to understand the word of God in total. My former Old Testament professor Dr. Feinburg who also taught the book of Hebrews, and I took his course, said that you cannot understand the book of Hebrews unless you understand the book of Leviticus, because the book of Hebrews is based upon the principles of the Levitical priesthood.
Now don't get panicky and worry about your lack of understanding of Leviticus. By the time we get through Hebrews in a few years you will...you will have a pretty good grasp on Leviticus along with it. We'll try to give a little as we go. But it might be well if you just familiarize yourself with Leviticus to some degree.
Now, this particular Epistle was written by an unknown author, some say, some say Apollos, some say Peter, some say this, that, and the other thing. I stand with one of the great teachers of the early church by the name of origin who said nobody knows. And so all the way through we will make reference to the fact that it was written by the Holy Spirit, that we do know. I do not believe it was written by Paul. It was written by this unknown author to a suffering, persecuted group of Jews somewhere in the east. Not in Israel, but outside of Israel.
There are no references to Gentiles in the book. The problem of Gentile and Jew together in the church is not here indicating that the little congregation to which he's writing was strictly Jewish or there was no Gentile conflict. And to this persecuted suffering group of Jewish believers and unbelievers, he writes to reveal the merits of Jesus Christ and the new covenant as opposed to the old covenant. Now we do not know the exact location of these Hebrews, somewhere near Greece perhaps, but we do know that this Jewish community had been evangelized by the apostles and the prophets. And it had been evangelized evidently fairly early after Christ had lived and died and risen again. And by the time the letter to the Hebrews is written, there already exists a little group, a little local congregation of believers. And included in the same view of the letter are unbelievers who evidently are also a part of this little Jewish community.
Now unlike Jerusalem Jews or Galilee Jews, they had never met Jesus. Everything they knew about him they got secondhand. They really didn't even have any New Testament writings as such, for it hadn't been put together. Obviously, the book of Hebrews wasn't even a part of yet. And so whatever they knew, they knew directly from the mouths of the apostles and the prophets And by prophets, I mean New Testament prophets.
So they were kind of second generation Christians as a result of apostolic missionaries. You say well when was the letter written. Well, it had to be written sometime after Christ's ascension, which would have been about 30 A.D., and sometime before the destruction of Jerusalem, which would have been 70 A.D., because Jerusalem is still standing at this point in the letter. So it's got to be between 30 and 70. Now I believe it's probably pretty close to the 70's, somewhere between 60 and 69, likely about 65.
Because there had to be time for the apostolic missionaries to get going and we know that there weren't really any apostolic missionaries from Jerusalem until at least seven years after the church had been founded there. And likely it was sometime later that they would have reached this little Jewish community. And also after they had been reached, they had to have a certain amount of time to grow spiritually, because in Chapter 5, verse 12, the Holy Spirit says to them, and I'll read you the statement. "For when for the time as long as it's been you ought to be teachers. You have need that one teach you again the first principles of the oracles of God."
In other words, he's says you've had enough time to be mature, but instead you're not. So it had to sometime after the apostolic missionaries would go out, establish the little congregation and then they would have sufficient to have matured spiritually. So very likely it would be close to 70 as I say, perhaps about 65. So it was still in that first century. They were still close to the fire in terms of the life of Jesus Christ, though they had never met Him.
Now here is the very critical basis for understanding the book, and this is where people get all messed up, especially interpreting Hebrews Chapter 6. We must understand that there were three basic types of people in view throughout this Epistle. Three basic types of people. If you do not understand these three basic types of people then it becomes very confusing. If for example as some have said it was all written to Christians, the entire thing was written to Christians, then you have monstrous problems. It cannot be written to unbelievers because it talks about the believers too much. So it must be written to a combination and indeed there are evidently three basic types in this little Jewish community to which the writer of the Epistle writes, group 1, Hebrew Christians. There was in this little community and a legitimate congregation of true believers in Jesus Christ. They had come out of Judaism. They had been founded and raised in it. They were born again. They had received Jesus Christ as their personal Savior. They had become followers of Jesus Christ and naturally the result of that was a tremendous hostility from their own people. Ostracized from their family, persecuted and suffering though they never died. Hebrews points that out. They still suffered greatly.
Persecuted not only by their own countrymen, the Jews, the evidently also perhaps by Gentiles. They should have known better. They should have been mature, they weren't. They had no confidence. They were in danger of going back into the patterns of Judaism. Not in danger of losing their salvation, but in danger of confusing their salvation with legalism, you see. They couldn't make a clear cut break between the New Testament and the new covenant in Christ and all the forms and ceremonies and patterns and methods of their old life in Judaism. And they were having a hard time with this problem. They were still hung up for example in the temple ritual and temple worship. And that's why Jesus keeps talking to them about a new priesthood and a new kind of temple and a new kind of sacrifice and a new kind of sanctuary that's better than the old one, because they were still hung up on that old one.
They had gone beyond Judaism in receiving Jesus Christ, but they were still hanging on to many of the Judaistic habits that had been so much a part of their life, and it's understandable. And especially when their own friends and their own countrymen begin to really persecute them and let them have it. They tend to feel the pressure of this and to hold even tighter to some of the old Jewish traditions to at least have a foothold on their relationships to their own people. It was a very hard thing to make a clean break.
And so with all of that pressure and their weak faith and their spiritual ignorance, they were in great danger of mixing the new with the old. They were in great danger of coming up with a ritualistic, ceremonial, legalistic Christianity. They were a whole a congregation of Romans 14 weaker brothers. So the Holy Spirit then directs this letter to them to strengthen their faith in the new covenant. To show them that they did not need the old temple, they did not need, which incidentally in a matter of a few years would be wiped out by Titus vespasian anyway showing that God brought an end to that whole economy.
They did not need the old ironic priest and levitical priest. They did not need the old day in day out, day in day out sacrifices. They had a new and better covenant with a new and better priesthood, a new and better sanctuary, a new and better sacrifice all the way down the line. And so it is written then to give confidence to these floundering believers that he is speaking to Christians and telling them to hang on to the better covenant, the better priesthood and not go back into the patterns of Judaism. Either to that priesthood or to that assemblage. But to maintain that new relationship.
So the first group in view then are Hebrew Christians. Second group Hebrew non-Christians who are intellectually convinced. Do you know those kind? People who know the truth, but have never committed themselves to it. You've met many people like that haven't you. Who've heard the truth of Jesus Christ, they believe it, they're intellectually convinced that Christ is indeed who he claimed to be but they're not willing to make a commitment of faith to him.
And so in this little particular group there are some of those. Hebrew non-Christians as there are in every group. These are common through every kind of group. There are those people who are here tonight. People who are convinced that Jesus is the Christ, but have never committed themselves to Him. And so these Hebrew non-Christians intellectually convinced are the object of some of the things that the writer has to say.
They believe that Jesus was the Messiah, but they had not been willing to receive Him personally. Why? Just like those in the gospel of John. It says they believed on Him, but they loved the praise of men, what, more than the praise of God. They weren't willing to make the sacrifice. And so these particular ones are exhorted by the Holy Spirit in the book of Hebrews to go all the way to saving faith. To go all the way to commitment. Let me show, Chapter 2, verse 1 is one of these particular statements to this group of intellectually convinced uncommitted.
2:1, "Therefore we ought to give them more earnest head to the things which we have heard, less that any time we should let them slip," right? Verse 2, "For if the word spoken by angels was steadfast and every transgression and disobedience receive the just recompensive reward, how shall we escape if we neglect so great a salvation. See, they were at the point of believing it but not committing to it. And the great sin of neglecting to do what they had been intellectually convinced was right. He says, you ought to know better. It's all be confirmed by the apostles with all the miracles and gifts of the Holy Spirit, verse 4.
Look at Chapter 6, here it comes again. "For it is impossible for those," verse 4, "For it is impossible for those who are once enlightened." You know what the word enlightened means? It doesn't mean saved, it means intellectually convinced. For those who were once intellectually convinced tasted the heavenly gift partakers of the Holy Spirit "tasted the good word of God, the powers of the age to come if they shall fall away it's impossible to renew them again in a repentance, seeing they crucify to themselves the Son of God afresh and put Him to an open same."
Now there's a warning to the intellectually convinced not to stop, because if he stops for the total revelation, if he stops when he's convinced he has only one way to go, if when a man is totally convinced that Jesus Christ is who He claimed to be, he refused to believe the man is hopeless. Because he's convinced that it's true and he still won't do it. Nothing else God can do. So He warns.
The same thing appears...well, let's just look at 10:26, we'll skip one of them. Look at 10:26, now what is the greatest sin that a man can commit? What is it? The sin of rejecting Christ isn't it? Look at verse 26. "For if we sin willfully after we have received the knowledge of the truth there remaineth no more sacrifice for sins." If a man has the truth, receives it, understands it, is intellectually convinced and willfully rejects Christ, what can God do? Nothing. This is another warning to the Hebrew non-Christian intellectually convinced.
Verse 27, "But a certain fearful looking for of judgment and fiery indignation which will devour the adversaries." That's what you're going to look for. Now look at verse 29. "Of how much sorer punishment suppose ye shall he be thought worthy who hath trodden under foot the Son of God and hath counted the blood of the covenant with which he was sanctified an unholy thing and hath done despite unto the spirit of grace."
In other words, when you know the truth and you reject it, the sorer punishment will be yours. Chapter 12, verse 15 we see another one. Chapter 12:15, "Looking diligently lest any man fail of the grace of God. Lest any root of bitterness springing up trouble you and by it many be defiled. Lest there be any fornicator or profane person like Esau who for one morsel of food sold his birthright. For ye know how afterward when he would have inherited the blessing he was rejected for he found no place of repentance though he sought it with tears." The tragedy of too little too late. This is again a warning to the convinced individual who has never made a commitment to Christ. The third group in view in the book of Hebrews and you can look at Chapter 9 for the illustration as long as you're at the end of the book are Hebrew non-Christians who weren't convinced. Just the nation Israel in general. The Holy Spirit also in this book, not only does He want to speak to the Christians and strengthen their faith, but He wants to speak to intellectually convinced and push them over the line to faith, but He also wants to speak to those who haven't believed at all yet who aren't convinced of anything and give them enough information to show them that Jesus is in fact who He claimed to be, and that's what happens in Chapter 9.
In Chapter 9 he speaks directly to those. For example, in verse 11 he says, "But Christ being come and high priest of good things to come by a greater and more perfect tabernacle not made with hands." That is to say not of this building. And he goes on down to explain Christ's new priesthood. Verse 14, "How much more shall the blood of Christ who through the eternal spirit offered himself without spot to God purge your conscious from dead works to serve the living God. And for this cause He is the mediator of the New Testament that by means of death for the redemption of the transgressions that were under the first testament, they who were called might receive the promise of eternal inheritance."
Verse 27, "And as it is appointed after...unto men once to die, but after this the judgment so Christ was once offered to bear the sins of many and unto them that look for Him shall He appear the second time without sin unto salvation."
Now those are messages given to one who is an unbeliever, not to a Christian and not to one who is necessarily convinced intellectually, but to that one who needs to know who Christ really is. And there are many other such illustrations. So there are three groups then in view in the Epistle. And the key to interpreting Hebrews my friend is to understand to which group he is speaking. And if we don't understand that then we mess everything up because we confuse the issue. He is not saying to believers it is appointed unto men once to die and after that the judgment, is he?
We must understand what group it is to whom he speaks. Now all the way through as we study the book of Hebrews we will be relating each text to particular groups. The flow of the text is to the believers. Periodically there are warnings to these unbelieving groups. These two groups of unbelievers, the intellectually convinced and the unconvinced. And in a masterful, in a way that could only be done by a divine mind, the Holy Spirit pulls these three groups together and meets everyone of their particular needs and their particular questions and the particular issue in the very same letter. In the book of Hebrews there is confidence and assurance to the Christian. In the book of Hebrews there is warning to the intellectually convinced that He must receive Christ or his knowledge will damn him. And finally there is a convincing presentation to the unbelieving Jew who is not intellectually convinced that he indeed should and should believe in Jesus Christ.
And thus to do this was Hebrews written. It is simply then, mark it, a presentation of Christ, the Messiah, the author of a new covenant, greater than the old one that God had made in the Old Testament. Not that the old one was wrong, it was only incomplete. Now the theme of the book then is the superiority or the preeminence of Christ. That He is better than anything they've got. That He is better than anything that is. He's better than the Old Testament persons. He's better than the Old Testament institutions. He's better than the Old Testament rituals. He's better than the Old Testament sacrifices. He's better than everything.
A general outline of the book of Hebrews which shows you the pattern of presenting the superiority of Jesus Christ and I'm just going to go down the pattern. We'll follow it loosely as we study the book. It begins with the superiority of Christ to everyone and everything. And that's a kind of a summary of the whole book in the first three verses, which we'll get to in a minute. Secondly, the superiority of Christ to angels. The superiority of Christ to Moses, the superiority of Christ to Joshua, the superiority of Christ to Aaron and his priesthood. The superiority of Christ to the old covenant. The superiority of Christ's sacrifice to old sacrifices. The superiority of Christ's faithful to all faithless. The superiority of Christ's testimony to the testimony of any other.
Now that little outline gives you the flow of the book which teaches the superiority of Jesus Christ. Now, let me just give you a couple of footnotes and then we'll look at the verses. To the Jew it had always been a dangerous thing to approach God. No man shall see my face and live. And on the great day of atonement, Yom Kippur, which Jews still keep to one degree or another, the great day of atonement which occurred one time a year, at that time and that time alone could the high priest enter into the holy of holies where the Shekinah glory dwelt where God's presence was. They could not see God. They could not behold God. They could not get near God except for one day a year and only one guy could do it and he had to get in there and get it done and get out of there. He didn't stay around a long time.
In fact, the Bible says "He could not linger there lest he put Israel in terror." But in this kind of a situation where there was no nearness to God, there had to be, stay with me, there had to be a basis for some relationship between God and Israel. So God established a covenant. And a covenant meant that God in His grace and in His sovereign initiative began the nation Israel and then offered to Israel a special relationship with himself. In a very unique way he would their God and they would be his people.
They would have a special access to him if they were obedient to his laws. And to break the law was sin and sin interrupted the access to God and since there was always sin, the access was always interrupted. And so God instituted a system of sacrifices. The whole Levitical priesthood, all the priests that ministered in Israel and all the sacrifices were to atone for sin that the barrier might be taken down and there might be access to God. It kind of worked like this, God gave His covenant, He gave His law. He said you could have access. Man sinned, so he broke the covenant, the barrier went up, the sacrifice was made for sin that dropped the barrier so that that relationship could be consummated.
You say, well, how many times did they have to make the sacrifice? They had to do it in incisively, hour after hour after hour after hour, day after day, month after month, year after year, they never stopped. And to make things worse, the priest were all sinners too and they had to go through a whole rigmarole of making sacrifices for their own sins to get themselves in shape to make sacrifices for the sins of the people. And so the barrier went up and down, up and down, up and down. And of course, this is proof of the ineffectiveness of the whole system. It was a losing battle to preserve the barrier or to remove the barrier. And what man needed was a perfect priest and a perfect sacrifice who could open the way once and for all. Some kind of a sacrifice that didn't just deal with one sin, one sin, one sin, but something that just took it all away at once.
They needed a perfect priest to bear that perfect sacrifice. And that says the writer of Hebrews is exactly what Jesus was and what He did. And so He comes the mediator of a better covenant, because its one that doesn't have to be repeated every hour. He comes as the mediator of a better covenant, because His sacrifice covers every sin ever committed once and for all. He comes as the mediator of a better covenant, because He's a priest who doesn't need to make any sacrifices for himself. He's totally perfect. The perfect priest and the perfect sacrifice.
And Jesus Christ, in His own sacrifice, showed the perfection that eliminated sin. In Hebrews 10, verse 10, "By which will we are sanctified," that is made pure, "through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ," what's the next word, "once." And that italics doesn't need to be there. "Through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ once." Now friends that's something new in the sacrificial system. One sacrifice did it. That's a better covenant.
Verse 12, "But this man after he had offered one sacrifice for sins forever, sat down." Now that's something no priest could ever do. There weren't even any seats. They had to keep making sacrifice. Jesus made one and sat down and that meant it's done. Verse 14, "For by one offering he hath perfected forever them that are sanctified." There is a better priest making a better sacrifice. And you see this is the message of the book of Hebrews to the Jewish people. To the believer he's saying have confidence in it. To the intellectually convinced, receive it. You're right on the borderline, don't fall into perdition when you're only a step away. And to the unbeliever he says look at it, how much better it is to receive Christ.
The writer is saying all your lives you Jews have been looking for the perfect priest. You've been looking for the perfect final sacrifice. I present Him to you, Jesus Christ. And so the preeminence or the superiority of Christ over all others is the theme of the book of Hebrews. Now keep in mind that this is not easy for the Jews to accept. It's extremely difficult for them to accept the superiority of the new covenant. And it's especially hard for them to make a clean break with the old. Now the Gentiles didn't have that kind of a problem because for long centuries the Gentiles hadn't believed in much of anything consistent anyway.
They had long ago lost the knowledge of the true God and in consequence for worshiping idols and so forth and so on, but keep this mind, the Jews always had a divine religion. They always had a divinely appointed place of worship. God had established their religion. It wasn't like going to a Gentile and saying here's the truth. When you went to a Jew and said hear the truth, he said well I already know the truth, but this is from God. But so is that. And it was not an easy thing to make that transition.
Keep that in mind, to be called on to forsake completely all the heritage that it was God authored was not easy. And even among those who were saved it was difficult. It was a natural desire for a Christian Jew to retain some of the forms and some of the ceremonies that were a part of his life when he was brought up and that is part of the problem of the book of Hebrews, trying to confront that born again Jew with the fact that he can let go of all of that stuff.
And it was especially hard for them since the temple still stood and the priests still ministered. It got easier after the temple was destroyed in 70 A. D. And then in add to that the intense persecution that they were going through it and it was really rough. In fact, the high priest Ananias really let them have it. They were all banished. Any Christian Jew was automatically banished from the holy places. That's tough. That's in their own country.
All their lives they had access, they couldn't even take part in God appointed services. They were unclean. They couldn't go to the temple. They couldn't go to the altar. They couldn't go to the sacrifices, they couldn't communicate with the priests, and they had nothing to do with their own people. They were cut off from their society. They were unsynagogued. And by clinging to the Messiah, they had been banished from everything they'd ever known. And they were considered worst than Gentiles. Though they were the only true Jews at all. For a Jew is not a Jew who is one outwardly, but one who is one inwardly.
And so they were beginning to say themselves, boy this is rough. I mean, we heard this from these guys who'd never seen Christ and I mean, we received Him, we believe this deal, but boy it's tough to make this break in the persecution and all of the traditions that they've always held and is this really the Messiah and doubts would come into their minds and it was a problem. And they were so spiritually infantile in their own concepts that they really didn't have any resources to fall back on.
So throughout the book of Hebrews he speaks to these beloved Christians and tells them to put their confidence in the new covenant. Put your confidence in Christ, the mediator of a better covenant, the new, great high priest. And he reminds them that they weren't losing something, they were just getting something better, that's all. They had been deprived of an earthly temple, but they were going to get a heavenly one. They had been deprived of a earthly priesthood, but they had a heavenly priest. They had been deprived of the pattern of sacrifices, but they had one final sacrifice.
And so in the book everything presented is presented as a better thing and you'll find these phrases in the book of Hebrews. A better hope, a better testament, a better promise, better sacrifice, better substance, better country, better resurrection, and the better thing. And Jesus Christ is presented there and we are presented as being in him dwelling in a new kind of dimension, the heavenlys. And so we reading Hebrews a heavenly Christ, a heavenly calling, the heavenly gift, the heavenly country, the heavenly Jerusalem, and our names are written in the heavenlys.
Everything is new. Everything is better. We don't need the old. And if you want to get a summary of the book of Hebrews, it's Chapter 8, verse 1. And it even tells us it's a summary. It says this, "Now of the things which we have spoken, this is the sum." Here is the whole summary of Hebrews in one verse, in one sentence for that matter. "We have such an high priest who is seated on the right hand of the throne of the majesty in the heavens." There's the wrap up on Hebrews right there. We have some kind of high priest. Who needs that old economy at all. And the significance of it is a high priest whose seated means his work is what? Is done. It's done.
All right, now those are some scattered footnotes to introduce you to the book. Just keep in mind the three groups and that the point is to show all three groups that Christ is better than anything in the Old Testament, that the new covenant is better than the old and that they can let the rest go because of everything they have in Christ is infinitely sufficient. Now this writer doesn't fool around getting to his point. He hits it bang in the first chapter and the first verse. And we'll look at these three verses and they're very simple, we'll consider them.
They tell us that Christ is superior to everyone and everything. He starts out at the top. He doesn't build up to it. He just bangs away right at the beginning. And this is kind of a...really gathers the theme of the whole Epistle. Now I want you to see three features here. The preparation for Christ, the presentation of Christ, and the preeminence of Christ.
The preparation for Christ, the presentation of Christ, and the preeminence of Christ. Now keep in mind all through the book he's presenting Christ as better as than everything else, better than the Old Testament, better than the old covenant. Let's look first of all at the preparation for Christ in verse 1.
"God who at sundry times and in diverse manners spoke in time past unto the fathers by the prophets." We'll stop there. Now that gives us an indication of how God wrote the Old Testament. And the Old Testament has its purpose to prepare for the coming of Christ, whether in prophecy or type or principle or commandment or whatever, it was preparation for Christ. And you see the marvelous senses of man as marvelous as they are, are incapable of reaching beyond the natural world. And if we're ever going to know anything about God, God must speak.
Look at it verse 1. "God," the middle of the verse, "spoke." Right there. We would never know God if He didn't speak. Now I've always illustrated it very simple. You can't crawl out of your natural box and discover God. You can't do it. You and I live in a natural box. Just imagine a little box. And you and I run around this little natural box and it's all time space existence. And outside of our natural box is the supernatural. And somewhere down inside of us, we know it's out there, but we really don't know anything about it, you see.
So people come along and say we must discover the supernatural. Let's start a religion. And so they all run over to the edge of the box and get their chisels and start poking a hole in the edge of the box figuring they can poke a hole, crawl out, and find God. He'll be sitting on a cloud with a sign "Hi, I'm God where have you been?"
And that's what happens. The Buddhists say you go over here and you do whatever you do and you give Buddha the porridge and you do the thing and you go through all of the things or whatever Buddhism is involved and think yourself and then nirvana and then and all of sudden you've popped out of the box and discovered God. You've transcended from the natural to the supernatural.
And then Muhammad doesn't say this, and all the other religions or astronisms says this and whether its in Japan, Soko Gakiah, whether it's this or whatever it is, it's all the same attempt to escape the natural end of the supernatural. And whether it's a cult or whatever it is. Get out of the box, but the problem is you can't get out. By the very definition of terms that natural man cannot escape into the supernatural. It can't happen. I always say you can't go into a phone booth and take off your clothes. Well, you can do that, but you can't come out Superman, that's the point.
You cannot transcend your natural existence. So then if you are to know anything about God, you will not know because you escape to God. You will only know it because God speaks to you. Do you get that? You cannot discover God anymore than I expect the bug that I hold in my hand to understand me. He does not understand me. Bugs don't understand anybody. And bugs probably have terrific philosophies about what we're like. And they may even worship some of us, but the don't know.
And the problem is we can't even condescend to their level, but God could. And so God literally became a man and burst into the box to tell us about Himself and that's what revelation is all about isn't it? And don't you see that every religion in the world is a backward situation because every religion in the world is man's attempt to jump out of the box. There's only one religion in the world that's the opposite and that's Christianity which says for the Son of man has come to seek and to save. And when God burst into the box, He did it in a human form. And the name of that human form was Jesus Christ.
And that's the difference between Christianity and every other religion in the world. That's why people say well you can believe anything you want, any religion you want. No, you can't. Every religion is man's attempt to discover God. Christianity is God bursting into man's world and telling Him what He was like. And so man is sensorially incapable of comprehending, identifying, or understanding God at all. God must invade his world, and so God spoke.
And God first spoke through the words of the Old Testament. Now you know that men didn't write it. They were used as instruments, but God was behind it the energizing author. Deity is not speechless. The deists for years have thought that God started the world going and then went away on a vacation and letting it unwind. God is not speechless. God is not detached. God is not uninvolved. The true and living God unlike the idols of the heathen is no dumb being. The God of Scripture unlike the impersonal first cause of philosophers and evolutionists is not silent. He speaks.
And He spoke in the Old Testament. And this is a great passage supporting divine inspiration of the Old Testament. My friends, the Old Testament is not the wisdom of man, it is the voice of whom? Of God. Now notice how He spoke. "God who at sundry times and in diverse manners." This is kind of a nice little play on words here by the writer. He says God palumaras and palutripas, and those two words are interesting. They mean in many portions, that means in different books and in many different manners. Now you know there are many books in the Old Testament right? In fact, you know how many don't you? Thirty-nine, you knew that. And in all those many portions, palumaras, there it says sundry times, it means many portions, and in many different manners. That is sometimes God spoke directly to a man totally right, didn't He?
Sometimes in a vision. Sometimes in a parable. Sometimes through a type or a symbol. Oh there are all different kinds of ways in which God spoke in the Old Testament, but it's always God speaking. Now men were used and their personalities were used and their minds were used, but they were totally controlled by the Spirit of God so that every word they said was the word that God decided that they should say and delighted in them saying.
Some of the Old Testament is history. Some of it is poetry and beautiful Hebrew meter. Some of it is law. Some of it is prophecy. But it is all God speaking. And it was fragmentary in the Old Testament, it was incomplete. Came over 1,500 years by all those 40 plus writers, all in different bits and pieces. Each one with an element of truth and it began to build. And the Old Testament my friends is what we call progressive revelation. You can't read all the truth of the Old Testament in Genesis. Genesis gives some, Exodus gives some, and it builds and it builds and it builds and it builds. It's progressive revelation.
It does not go from error to truth. It goes from incompleteness to a more completedness. It's still incomplete until the New Testament. So in the Old Testament, God was pleased then for that time to dispense His gracious truth to the Jews by the mouths of His prophets in all different manners. Carrying His revelation from a lesser degree of light to a greater degree, progressively.
Now let me add this, because I want you to understand it. That does not mean that what's in the Old Testament is wrong. It is not wrong. There is a development, however, in the Old Testament even of the morality standards until they're totally refined in Jesus. God gave a progressive revelation. The distinction is not in the nature of the truth, it's in the amount of it and the time of it.
Just like children are first taught the letters and then they worry about the words and then they worry about the sentences. That's how God gave His revelation. It began with the spelling book of types and ceremonies and prophecies and it progresses to the final completion in Christ. Now let me add this, that even though God spoke in many ways, in many parts, it's not a hodge-podge. It's not smattered with a lot of human opinion like so many people try to tell you. Tell you that men wrote the Bible. It's all God spoke. Now notice and we'll go on from there, because we've talked a lot about inspiration, "God who at sundry times and diverse manners spoke in time past." Now that sets the picture for us. Back in the past. "Unto the fathers," that's our ancestors, Old Testament people, spiritual ancestors, or physical if you happen to be Jewish. He even spoke to some of our Gentile ancestors. "He spoke unto them by the prophets," and they were His messengers.
A prophet is one who speaks to men for God. A priest is one who speaks to God for men. That's the difference. The priest took the man's problem into God, the prophet took God's message to men, that's the distinction. So the Holy Spirit then establishes in verse 1, the accuracy of the Old Testament and its divine authorship. Now all throughout the New Testament, this is a firm, for example. Two verses and I'll just give them to you, 1 Peter...2 Peter, I mean, 1:21. "For the prophecy," talking of the Old Testament, "came not at any time by the will of man, but holy men of God spoke as they were moved by the Holy Spirit." Nobody in that Old Testament wrote it of their own will. Holy men of God spoke as they were moved by the Holy Spirit, 2 Peter 1:21. Now in 2 Timothy 3:16, "All Scripture is given by," what, "inspiration of God." All Scripture." And the revised standard perversion says all Scripture which is given by God. And they just gently throw that which is in there.
Not all Scripture which is, all Scripture is. Who's going to decide which which is which? So the Old Testament is true and the Old Testament was the progressive preparation for Jesus Christ. All right, so we see the preparation for Christ. Secondly, the presentation of Christ in verse 2. "Hath in these last days spoken unto us by His Son." Now there it is. Tremendous. That's the finalizing of the revelation.
God who used to speak in many ways, in many forms, to many people has finally spoken in one way through one individual, Jesus Christ. And do you know that the whole New Testament is centered around Christ? The gospels give His story and the Epistles all comment on it and the revelation tells where its going. It's all Christ, all of it from beginning to end of the New Testament is Christ.
"Hath in these last days spoken unto us by His Son." Did you know that no prophet has grasped the whole truth? Only Jesus is the whole truth. The Old Testament was bits and pieces in fragments. Jesus is full and final revelation. Now notice a little phrase there in these last days. There's several ways to interpret that. He could be saying in the last days of revelation. He could be saying that this is the final revelation, it is the final revelation, no question about that in Christ, there's nothing else to add to it. But He could be saying in the last days of revelation it came through His Son.
But better than that, I think He is making a messianic reference here, because the phrase "the last days," to the Jew was very, very familiar. And since He's writing Jews, we will take it in that context. Whenever the Jews saw the phrase last days, He immediately had messianic thoughts, because the promise was that in the last days Messiah would come. In the latter days Messiah would come. And so He is saying in those promised last days when Messiah came Jesus was that Messiah and He spoke the final revelation of God.
You know that was the last days when Jesus came. Unfortunately they rejected the Messiah and so the fulfillment of all of the promises of the last days had to be postponed and the Grace Church age intervened, we know that. And so then a familiar phrase to the Jews in the last days in messianic days, God spoke by His Son. First He spoke in words and then He spoke in a person, Jesus Christ His Son.
In John 4:25, I read these words, "The woman saith unto him," this is the woman at the well, Sikarh, "I know that Messiah cometh who is called Christ." Now listen to what she expected. "When He is come, He will tell us all things." She knew that when Messiah arrived He would unfold the full and final revelation of God and indeed He did. Indeed He did. And my friends to add anything to the New Testament is blasphemous. To come along and add when you're going to add to it the book of Mormon or science and health and the key to the Scriptures or anything else that claims to be revelation from God is blasphemous. "Hath in these last days finalized His revelation in His Son," and that ended it. The end of the book of Revelation says you add anything to it and shall be added unto you the plagues. Take anything away and the same thing will result. God's final revelation was made in one greater than the prophets, Jesus Christ. All the Old Testament came in pieces. To Noah was revealed the quarter of the world from which Messiah would come. To Abraham, the nation of Messiah. To Jacob, the tribe of Messiah. To David and Isaiah, the family of Messiah. To Micah, the town where He born. To Daniel, the time when He'd be born. To Malachi, the forerunner who would come before him. To Jonah, his resurrection was typified and everyone of those pieces and bits come together. But in Jesus Christ, everything was whole in total. And the revelation was full and complete.
And so is established the priority of Jesus Christ. He is greater than the prophets. He is greater than any revelation in the Old Testament for He is that embodied. God has fully expressed Himself in Christ. I think we'll stop here and next time we'll see verses 2 and 3. We're going to have to go faster than that.
We'll see verses 2 and 3 the preeminence of Christ. This is a very important part so we want to get this anyway. Keep this in mind the Holy Spirit then, mark it, establishes in verse 2 the superiority of Christ over all the Old Testament prophets. First in character, because the Old was fragmentary, the New is perfect. Second, the new covenant is better even because of the instrument. The Old was sinful men, the New was the Son of God. Third, He spoke in time past and now He speaks in these last days. This is final. The full of expression of God's revelation.
So immediately in the first verse and a half, the Holy Spirit establishes the preeminence of Jesus Christ over all the Old Testament. And this just what these dear Christian believers and these unbelieving Hebrews need to hear, the superiority of Christ. And let me say this in closing to you tonight, some of you here perhaps have never met Jesus Christ as your Savior. Maybe you put your faith in a lot of things. Maybe you put your faith in money. Maybe you put your faith in popularity, prestige, success. Jesus Christ is superior to anything and...anything and everything.
Peter said, "Neither is there salvation in any other for there is none other name under heaven given among men whereby we must be saved." There is no other way to God. Jesus Christ is superior to any method, any religion, any kind of philosophy, anything that exists. Jesus Christ is superior. He is the preeminent one, and unless an man puts his faith in Jesus Christ that man is doomed. For it is Christ alone who is God's revelation and God's redeemer.
Our Father we thank you just for letting us get started tonight and lay some ground work. Lord, I just am thrilled and excited already about next week because I know we're going to talk about the preeminence of Christ. We're going to go through that catalog of the seven glories of the preeminent Christ and Lord I just thrill when I see the magnificence of your Son. And I rejoice when I know He loves me and dwells within me. Father, I pray tonight that all of us would see Jesus Christ high and lifted up. That we would be drawn to Him. Father, we thank you that the Bible is not something that was written by men, but by the Spirit of God. Lord, may we receive the message tonight that you wanted to give to those Hebrew Christians. If we're believers Father, but our faith is wavering and we fall back into old patterns. And we have a lack of confidence, may we be reminded again that Jesus Christ is king of kings and Lord of Lords.
That in the world we shall have tribulation, but He is overcome the world. That we belong to Him and nothing can every change that and some day He will raise us up at the last day to be His in glory forever. May we never lose confidence. And oh Father, I pray and I warn in my own way and through the word of God those who are convinced that Jesus is the Christ, but unwilling to make that commitment. Father, how tragic, how much sorer punishment shall be theirs for treading on the blood of Christ when they knew better.
And the Father, I pray for those who are here like those in that Jewish community who really don't believe anything, that they'll see the beauty of Jesus Christ, the truth of the word of God, that they'll come to a saving knowledge of Him. Father as we close the service tonight, speak to us. Do your perfect work in our hearts. Thank you for teaching us tonight. We pray in Jesus' name. Amen.
This article is also available and sold as a booklet.
This sermon series includes the following messages:
Please contact the publisher to obtain copies of this resource.Publisher Information


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Forum Rules

subset: commoncrawl


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Getting here
From the CBD
Healesville Sanctuary is located on Badger Creek Road, Healesville, Vic. 3777
Take the Eastern Freeway out of Melbourne, then drive east along Maroondah Highway through Ringwood and Lilydale to Healesville. Turn right into Badger Creek Road, just past the township centre. From there, road signage will guide you to the Healesville Sanctuary carpark.
From Melbourne Airport (Tullamarine)
Take the Tullamarine Freeway and then take the first major exit on your left to the M80/Western Ring Road (Hume Freeway/Greensborough direction). Continue on the Ring Road to Greensborough and take the left exit onto the Greensborough Highway.
Take the exit for Kangaroo-Wattle Glen Rd. Continue to its end, turn right and take the first left into Eltham Road.
From there, follow road signage to Healesville.
First catch a train to Lilydale station and then buses will take you to Healesville Sanctuary.
Train to Lilydale: catch a train from the Melbourne city centre to Lilydale Railway Station, travelling on the Lilydale line.
Bus to Healesville: from Lilydale Railway Station you need to catch bus 685 to Healesville, and then a connecting bus (686 towards Badger Creek) will take you to Healesville Sanctuary. Please see timetables for current bus times: Route 685 to Healesville and Route 686 to Badger Creek (via Healesville Sanctuary).
Journey planner
You can check www.ptv.vic.gov.au for up-to-date bus and train times.
Tip – use their Journey Planner for public transport directions from anywhere in Victoria. Simply enter your starting address in the 'From' box and enter 'Healesville Sanctuary' as a landmark in the 'To' box.
Shuttle Service to Healesville Sanctuary
Zoobus Shuttle Service
Melbourne CBD to Healesville Sanctuary, return direct service. BOOKINGS ONLINE ONLY at www.zoobus.com.au
Coach day tours offered by tour operators
Day tours to Healesville Sanctuary depart from Melbourne every day by a range of companies. You can combine a morning or afternoon at Healesville Sanctuary with some other local highlights such as Puffing Billy. Healesville Sanctuary does not take bookings for these tours.


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The shuffler: Ben Trokan, the lead singer, guitarist, and keyboard player for sassy New York indie-pop group Robbers On High Street. The band releases its second album, Grand Animals, on July 24.
Cheap Trick, "Stiff Competition"
Ben Trokan: My friend said I should've just rigged it so it all comes up Gloria Estefan or something. Do people do that? I like Heaven Tonight, actually, but my favorite's probably In Color. But this is a good song. It's not my favorite. But Cheap Trick was the first band I ever saw live, so I still kind of like it.
The Stooges, "We Will Fall"
BT: This is the heroin song, right? I heard it's just like a total drone, but it's cool. I'm glad Iggy had really long, droning songs on his records. I wonder how this went over live. [Laughs.] I heard Lenny Kaye do a cover, and it's pretty much the same thing.
Scott Walker, "My Ship Is Coming In"
BT: I've only recently gotten into Scott Walker in the past couple of years, but I like this one. I wish I knew more of his albums, though—someone made me a large compilation CD. It's all very '60s in its production, but he's almost kind of a lounge singer.
Led Zeppelin, "Celebration Day"
BT: Wow, my iPod's playing the hits. Wow, what can you say? I'd probably be nowhere without John Bonham. I really actually like the lyrics for once, and the chorus of this song. Robert Plant's lyrics, I can't get behind them all. Mostly it was bad blues lyrics. And saying "baby" a lot. He can't stop talking about lovin'.
The Kinks, "Get Back In Line"
BT: I love this song. I think I actually covered this song once. I was playing by myself, which I never ever do. He's just singing about the little guy on most of this record [Lola Versus. Powerman And The MoneyGoRound, Part One]. But yeah, I like the lyrics, the lyrics are great—there's one part where you think [Ray Davies] is cursing, but he's really not. He has that odd way of pronouncing phrases, not just the English accent.
Elvis Costello, "Hand In Hand"
BT: Again, I probably wouldn't be playing music without him. This Year's Model was a great one. I don't know who the drummer was in The Attractions, but I love the drumming.
The Troggs, "From Home"
BT: I don't know if I know this song, actually. The Troggs were pretty cool. They had "Wild Thing" and they had "Wild Thing" two, "I Want You." It's just like "Wild Thing" with different lyrics. They had some cooler songs. Maybe "From Home" is one, but it's news to me.
David Bowie, "Moss Garden"
BT: That's on Heroes, which is not my favorite album, but I really like that record. But it's kinda from that era of Low. I think it's like a Berlin record. It was a Brian Eno record. [Station To Station is] probably my favorite. I don't know who it is, maybe it's Brian Eno, but some of the styles are sort of a bummer, and this is kind of a weird song.


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Warner Bros. Emulates Pixar Brain Trust By Assembling Animation "Think Tank"
Posted on Monday, January 7th, 2013 by Russ Fischer
Warner Bros. was once a studio synopymous with animation thanks to the Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies cartoon lines. But it has been a long time since WB was particularly commanding in theatrical animation. (The studio does have a healthy direct to video animation arm, however.) Other studios such as Pixar and DreamWorks have taken center stage there.
Pixar is famous for its "brain trust," and the concept of having some individual or group of people to guide other projects, beyond the basic producer capacity, has spread to Marvel, which has Joss Whedon, and Fox, which hired Mark Millar to emulate Whedon's "godfather" duties with superhero projects.
Now Warner Bros. is assembling its own group of creators to act as a sort of brain trust, with the filmmakers behind Crazy, Stupid, Love., Cloudy With a Chance of Meatballs, and The Muppets formed into a new feature animation think tank that will hopefully create one animated feature per year for the studio. Read More »


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Matthew Ashbaugh
Alicia is shocked to learn that a former client has bequeathed her millions, but Lockart/Gardner quickly contests the will on behalf of the deceased's wife. Also, Damian enlists a detective he's friendly with to help get Kalinda off his tail, and the Florrick/Agos holiday party becomes a minefield for Eli and Marylin, who are concerned about having Peter seen with some of Alicia's more disreputable clients. Photo: David Giesbrecht/CBS ©2013 CBS Broadcasting Inc. All Rights Reserved


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Home > McGeorge School of Law > Law Reviews > The University of the Pacific Law Review > Vol. 48 (2017) > Iss. 2
The University of the Pacific Law Review
Article Title
Recommended Citation
The University of Pacific, McGeorge School of Law,
Faculty Pages,
U. Pac. L. Rev.
Available at: https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uoplawreview/vol48/iss2/3


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When I think of the holidays, I think of lots of relatives gathered around the dinner table, enjoying the company, the occasion, and an indulgent meal. It's a time when normal food rules are suspended, the dieters, fitness freaks and food-obsessed alike using the occasion to try some of everything. (Why, yes, I'll have some of Grandma's cookies, but not without a side of Uncle Morgan's pumpkin pie…)
Plus, as an added perk, I get to stop obsessing about how much each serving is costing me or how many meals I'll get out of whatever I'm making and just enjoy the food.
I have just finished putting out my rows of milk cartons with 24-hour votives lit inside them. It is the evening of Dec. 21, the winter solstice, the shortest day and longest night of the year. For those of us who migrated to the North Country, winter solstice is a bit of a non-event in terms of marking the official beginning of winter.
I am not exactly what one might call a dedicated composter. I don't water it on a regular basis, turn it, or measure the temperature in the center to make sure the microbes are happy little critters. I've been known to throw weeds, seeds, and even (heaven forfend!) dairy products into the mix. Because I am careless about maintaining the correct proportions of "greens" to "browns," (i.e. fresh organic matter with decayed material or dirt), my compost bins smell quite charming, even in the depths of winter.
Note from the Online Editor: The Web team here at the Addison Independent is very excited to introduce our first community blogger — Rebecca Reimers, a Brandon resident, parent, and educational consultant. Rebecca will be sharing her thoughts about southern Addison County and the town of Brandon in "View from the Borderland," a series of blog posts on our Web site. In the months ahead, she'll profile local residents and businesses, tackle issues of local history, roam Brandon's cemeteries, write about her home and her family, and more.
Subscribe to Online Edition
Online PDF Print Edition
Copyright 2011 Addison Independent | 58 Maple Street, Middlebury, Vt. 05753 | All Rights Reserved
Site Development by Surf New Media


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A Letter in the March 13 Tomahawk Leader:
Letter to the Editor:
What a wonderful opportunity we all had to read Pat Burg's explanations and excuses for closing Midway School. Weren't you all so impressed with the questionable statistics she informed us of? But did you notice how tactfully she omitted the many alternatives which have been brought forward by the Charter School Board and editorials? Did you see any information on how many administrators we have in our "low enrollment" school district? Did you see any admission as to what the salaries of these administrators are? Did you see any mention of cutting back by combining the job of these administrators who have the time to take a mid-morning break and go to a local restaurant for breakfast? Did you see any notation that the superintendent was willing to forego her 15 percent raise and be content with $100,000 a year? Did you see any mention as to how many secretaries we have in our "low enrollment" district?
Did you see any statistics comparing the number of administrators and enrollment 10 years ago to now? I was told by one administrator there are fewer administrators now than there were then. Do you believe it? I don't. Did you see any statistics on what was spent on each of these alternative students when they could attend our public schools and what it will cost the citizens for them to be put in this alternative school?
No, Ms. Burg we did not see any of the information our citizens would like to know because it wouldn't paint a very pretty picture of our "high paid" too many leaders in this "low enrollment" district. Would it?
Marcia Rankin
Did you see …?
Letters to the Editor from the Tomahawk Leader.
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text: ^This. 100% this.^ Fade away, Supa. Fade away.soul19 wrote: Dimitri I would stop posting into this thread no matter what type of press that this is providing your company. No other brand needs to do this and I honestly believe that long term that this can have some negativity towards your business. You cannot reason with someone who has left all honour in his actions. All that can be achieved here is that Supa will bring you to his level and I honestly believe that is what his end goal is. He cannot compete with the success that you have but he can draw you into a pointless battle (he has done that now) and try to get you to act in a way that will harm your reputation. So what if he calls your marketing hype BS..... so what if he feels that he has beaten you on a LW challenge, and so what if he feels the need to slander your name here on KF. It is slander and we all can see that. I feel sorry for the man and have pity for him on the way that he has conducted himself. It is a shameful way to go about getting his name known but at what extent.... once this thread gets locked or eventually dies away so will Supa. Who at the end of the day really cares as to what he has achieved????


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So today whilst out playing about in the trucks, myself and Tim discovered a byway that runs through an abandoned airfield near Bath. As we ran out of time today, we're keen to go back there tomorrow and play seeing as its supposed to be nice! The terrain looks very tame and more of dust tracks (mud if raining) to get about, however, there are some big hills to climb and it looks as if someone has sculpted an area perfect for 4x4's.
So we'll probably be heading out tomorrow morning and taking a bit of lunch. Not your day of serious off roading, more tame, sun, chilled out and good photo op. I know not many people near us really so one or two others might be fun and will keep any convoy situation at bay.
Let us know


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Writing a card might seem a little bit old school now but they are the perfect way to wish your friends and family from near and far best wishes for any occasion. Send birthday wishes, Fathers Day Happiness, Merry Chrissie Joy or just General Love with our new range of gorgeous cards & envelopes. And because we like to be just that little bit different and give you something more - each of these card & envelope packs come with a thin wooden printed icon on the front of the card that can be used again by the receiver of your card. Nice one. We have carefully added a little hole on the top of each of these wooden pieces so that it can be used as a decoration, or a gift tag on their next gift. Now that is what we call recycling in a nice kind of way.
We also made these card & envelope packs blank on the front with a neat little space to add your own message. That way you don't get stuck with the wrong type of card all the time and you can write HAPPY FATHERS DAY or THANKS HEAPS or SEE YA or MOVING HOUSE IS FUN on any of these cards whenever you want.
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U.S. Equal Employment
Opportunity Commission
Company Subjected Black Employee to Racial Harassment, Including Noose Displays, Then Fired Him for Complaining, Federal Agency Charged
JACKSON, Miss. - The U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission announced today that it settled, for $28,000 and other relief, a race discrimination lawsuit against Performance Drilling Company LLC. Brandon, Miss.-based Performance Drilling provides land drilling services for natural gas and oil exploration and production companies in Mississippi, Alabama, Arkansas, Louisiana, Florida and East Texas. Prior to settlement, Performance Drilling filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy.
The EEOC's lawsuit alleged that Performance Drilling subjected a black employee to racial harassment, including racial taunts and insults, and then terminated him in retaliation for his opposition to the misconduct. The harassment included the display of a noose, and the use of racially derogatory terms by a supervisor. At the time, the victim, Darius Swington, was the only African-American employee at the worksite.
Race discrimination violates Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. The EEOC filed suit (No. 3:10-CV-00540) in U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Mississippi, Southern Division, after first attempting to reach a pre-litigation settlement through its conciliation process.
The settlement, memorialized in a two-year consent decree issued by the court on Sept. 26, includes $28,000 in monetary relief for Swington. The decree requires Performance Drilling to implement new policies and practices designed to prevent harassment, conduct employee training on anti-discrimination laws, and post notices at the work site. For the decree's two-year period, Performance Drilling is also required to provide reports to the EEOC on complaints of race discrimination.
C. Emanuel Smith, regional attorney for the EEOC's Birmingham District Office, said, "The EEOC is poised to navigate through the Chapter 11 bankruptcy process in order to bring to justice employers who allow the type of egregious misconduct to which this victim was subjected."
Delner Franklin-Thomas, district director for the EEOC's Birmingham District Office, added, "Employers who allow their workplaces to be havens for racial harassment and antagonism are not meeting their obligations under federal law. When employers choose not to meet those obligations, the EEOC is prepared to pursue all appropriate means to hold them accountable."
The EEOC is responsible for enforcing federal laws prohibiting employment discrimination. The EEOC's Birmingham District covers Alabama, Mississippi (except 17 northern counties) and the Florida Panhandle. Further information about the EEOC is available on its web site at www.eeoc.gov.


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The side-by-side utility vehicle market remains a solid earner from companies that compete in that space. During a media event in Minnesota, Arctic Cat expanded its popular Prowler line with a new 500 HDX series that takes cues from the bigger 700 series. The new line offers three model ranges starting at the 500 HDX that is designed with a feature set that allows buyers a value-priced entry into the market.
"The 500 HDX is built on the same platform as the 700," says Ryan Hughes, engineering program leader, Arctic Cat. "But with its features it has a lower price point. The base 500 HDX is available in red and green." What the 500 series does have is three-passenger seating, popular on the 700, and other capability features that enhance the value of this machine over the base two-passenger Prowler lineup.
Arctic Cat's popular top line 700 series features automotive paint, electronic power steering, and extra storage that may be just right for some buyers. But the base level 500 HDX features a molded plastic body and 14-inch steel wheels. The base machine also has no power steering and there's no tilt wheel either.
After taking it for a test drive it's easier to talk about what it has than what it hasn't. The 500 HDX is powered by a 443 cc liquid cooled Arctic Cat engine that provides capable power for most users. It's 42 mph top speed is plenty fast in a range of situations. And the machine featueres a 2-in. receiver hitch front and rear for versatile use in a number of situations.
And after some trail riding, it should be noted that lack of power steering wasn't an issue in handling this machine. Through a number of situations, it was easy to maneuver the machine and during my drive I didn't feel the need for power assisted steering. And to check that I took the top line 700 HDX machine out for a spin and while power assisted steering was evident, it's not something you'll miss with the 500 HDX.
"This machine is targeted for the ATV owner who is thinking of moving up to a side-by-side," Hughes explains. "The buyer is getting the frame and base features of the 700 at a better price."
A closer look
That 443 cc engine is new for Arctic Cat. It features a closed loop electronic fuel injection design that self adjusts for a range of conditions. There are also two intake filters to keep dust and dirt out of the machine, and both can be removed for cleaning or replacement without tools.
The large pallet-friendly bed of the 500 series comes directly from the 700 family including the ability to remove the sides and tailgate to get 'flatbed' versatility. In 500 trim, capacity of the bed is 600 pounds, which would allow plenty of hauling capacity for most operations. When the sides are left on the box, users have a lot of tie-down options for keeping a load secure.
The easy-dump design allows for cleanout, and the tailgate opens by releasing two latches on the right and left side for better access. This is a wide, utility-friendly bed for hauling plenty around the farm.
If the base 500 HDX doesn't offer enough features there are two more higher-optioned models in the line - the 500 HDX XT and the 500 HDX LTD. Moving up means adding under hood front storage and side storage compartments. And you get a higher-level painted finish on the two higher models. Only the HDX LTD model gets variable assist electronic power steering and a 5-position tilt wheel.
Suggested list price for the base 500 HDX is $10,999. The company will be releasing more information about the line on its website soon, check it out at www.arcticcat.com.
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Jackson Clarion Ledger
Jackson: Tigers must reduce errors
Jackson Clarion Ledger
Harold Jackson consistently says Jackson State isn't good enough to shoot itself in the foot and win football games. The Tigers had five turnovers – two interceptions and three fumbles – and 10 penalties against Texas Southern. They were still able to ...
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Tigers drop 34-30 decision to Jackson State on the road
JACKSON, Miss. – Texas Southern wide receiver Derrick Griffin caught four passes for 114 yards and three touchdowns but the Jackson State Tigers held off a Texas Southern comeback attempt with a 34-30 win on Saturday. Texas Southern was without ...
and more »
WAPT Jackson
Jackson State Gets First Win
WAPT Jackson
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Area college football: TSU falls at Jackson State
Houston Chronicle (subscription)
Martez Carter returned two kicks for touchdowns and had a 10-yard touchdown run in the fourth quarter to cement the win for Grambling State (2-2, 2-0 Southwestern Athletic Conference). Prairie View (2-2, 2-1) tied the game at 7 early in the first ...
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Jackson Clarion Ledger
JSU holds off TSU for first win, 34-30
Jackson Clarion Ledger
It certainly wasn't the prettiest or most convincing, but at this point, Jackson State will take a win any way it can get it. The Tigers turned the ball over five times, but overcame that to earn their first victory of the season, 34-30, against Texas ...
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Check out Frontrow.org for all your tickets needs. We've got great sources for any event ranging from concert tickets to NFL tickets, Hamilton tickets, and Las Vegas show tickets. And don't forget the chance to score big on Broadway tickets and once in a lifetime events like the National Final Rodeo, the 2019 Super Bowl or the Daytona 500. Our inventory covers all types of entertainment and special events. With the biggest selection of concerts, sports, and theater tickets around, you can't go wrong with tickets from Frontrow.org.


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Items where Department is "Medicine" and Year is 2006
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Adams, E. and Garden, Anne (2006) What influences medical school choice? Medical Teacher, 28. pp. 83-85. ISSN 1466-187X
Bampouras, Theodoros M. and Reeves, Neil D. and Baltzopoulos, Vasilios and Maganaris, Constantinos N. (2006) Muscle activation assessment : Effects of method, stimulus number, and joint angle. Muscle and Nerve, 34 (6). pp. 740-746. ISSN 0148-639X
Bowers, Laura and Reed, Patricia and Curtis, Fiona and Sharples, Gary (2006) Functional similarities between phage Orf and Escherichia coli RecFOR in initiation of genetic exchange. In: Society for General Microbiology 159th Meeting, 2006-09-112006-09-14.
Chetwynd, Amanda and Diggle, Peter (2006) High Correlation is not the whole Story: A cautionary note on the use of simple metrics to determine QR allocations. HM Treasury, London.
Cook, Gordon T. and Dunbar, Elaine and Black, Sue M. and Xu, Sheng (2006) A preliminary assessment of age at death determination using the nuclear weapon testing 14C activity of dentine and enamel. Radiocarbon, 48 (3). pp. 305-313. ISSN 0033-8222
Curtis, Fiona and Reed, Patricia and Sharples, Gary (2006) Evolution of a phage ruvc endonuclease for resolution of both Holliday and branched DNA junctions. In: Society for General Microbiology 159th Meeting, 2006-09-112006-09-14.
Dettori, S and Falqui, A and Filigheddu, M and Sedda, L (2006) Growth performance of cork oak plantations recently established on farmlands in Sardinia, Italy. Forest@ - Rivista di Selvicoltura ed Ecologia Forestale, 3 (3). pp. 327-338.
Ellis, Tracey and Ashmore, Lisa and Bray, Dominic (2006) Multidisciplinary radiographer-led review clinics:an example of implementation. Journal of Radiotherapy in Practice, 5 (2). pp. 87-95. ISSN 1467-1131
Emsley, Hedley C. A. and Young, Carolyn A. and White, Richard P. (2006) Circle of Willis variation in a complex stroke presentation : a case report. BMC Neurology, 6. ISSN 1471-2377
Fanshawe, Thomas (2006) Dreadful crime! Deer-keeper feloniously resisted! Significance, 3 (3). pp. 134-135. ISSN 1740-9705
German, M. J. and Hammiche, A. and Ragavan, N. and Tobin, M. J. and Cooper, Leanne J. and Matanhelia, S. S. and Hindley, A. C. and Nicholson, C. M. and Fullwood, N. J. and Pollock, H. M. and Martin, F. L. (2006) Infrared Spectroscopy with Multivariate Analysis Potentially Facilitates the Segregation of Different Types of Prostate Cell. Biophysical Journal, 90 (10). pp. 3783-3795. ISSN 0006-3495
Goodwin, Dawn and Mays, N. and Pope, C. (2006) Ethical Issues: Qualitative Research in Health Care 3rd Edn. In: Ethical Issues. Blackwell Publishing. ISBN 1-4051-3512-3
Goodwin, Dawn and Pope, C. and Mort, Maggie and Smith, A. (2006) Access, boundaries and their effects:legitimate participation in anaesthesia. In: The social organisation of healthcare work. Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, pp. 167-182. ISBN 9781405133340
Hurd, H. and Grant, Karen M. and Arambage, S. C. (2006) Apoptosis-like death as a feature of malaria infection in mosquitoes. Parasitology, 132 (Supple). S33-S47. ISSN 0031-1820
Keegan, T J and Farago, M E and Thornton, I and Hong, Bing and Colvile, R N and Pesch, B and Jakubis, P and Nieuwenhuijsen, M J (2006) Dispersion of As and selected heavy metals around a coal-burning power station in central Slovakia. Science of the Total Environment, 358 (1-3). pp. 61-71. ISSN 0048-9697
Lim, E. and Ali, A. and Cartwright, N. and Sousa, Ines and Chetwynd, Amanda G. and Polkey, M. and Geddes, D. and Pepper, J. and Diggle, Peter and Goldstraw, P. (2006) Effect and Duration of Lung Volume Reduction Surgery: Mid-Term Results of the Brompton Trial. The Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgeon Reports, 54 (3). pp. 188-192. ISSN 2194-7635
Manning, David and Barker-Mill, S. C. and Donovan, T. and Crawford, Trevor (2006) Time-dependent observer errors in pulmonary nodule detection. British Journal of Radiology, 79 (940). pp. 342-346. ISSN 1748-880X
Martindale, Jane and Smith, Jane and Grennan, David and Goodacre, Lynne and Goodacre, John (2006) Disease and Psychological Status in Ankylosing Spondylitis. Rheumatology, 45 (10). 1288 - 1293. ISSN 1462-0324
Morris, Jonathan D. and Pramanik, Rashida and Zhang, Xin and Carey, Anne Marie and Ragavan, Narasimhan and Martin, Francis L. and Muir, Gordon H. (2006) Selenium- or quercetin-induced retardation of DNA synthesis in primary prostate cells occurs in the presence of a concomitant reduction in androgen-receptor activity. Cancer Letters, 239 (1). pp. 111-122. ISSN 0304-3835
Ockleford, Colin and Byrne, S, and Challis, E. and Williams, J. and Pringle, J.H. and Hennessey, J. (2006) In-situ hybridisation using y-chromosome specific probes to establish the origins of basal plate cells. In: EMBIC Handbook. University of Rijeka Press, pp. 179-187.
Pan, Po-Shen and Curtis, Fiona and Carroll, Chris and Medina, Irene and Liotta, Lisa and Sharples, Gary and McAlpine, Shelli (2006) Novel antibiotics: C-2 symmetrical macrocycles inhibiting Holliday junction DNA binding by E. coli RuvC. Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry, 14 (14). pp. 4731-4739. ISSN 1464-3391
Parisi, Andrea and Plapp, Mathis and Akamatsu, Silvère and Bottin-Rousseau, Sabine and Perrut, Mikaël and Faivre, Gabriel (2006) Three-dimensional phase-field simulations of eutectic solidification and comparison to in situ experimental observations. In: Modeling of Casting, Welding and Advanced Solidification Processes - XI. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society (TMS), pp. 417-424. ISBN 0873396294
Pinto, Shanti M. and Garden, Anne (2006) Pre-pubertal menarche : a defined clinical entity. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 195 (1). pp. 327-329. ISSN 1097-6868
Pryde, F. R. and Black, S. M. (2006) Scottish anatomy departments. Scottish Medical Journal, 51 (2). pp. 16-20. ISSN 0036-9330
Quaglia, Alberto and McStay, M. and Stoeber, Kai and Loddo, Marco and Caplin, M. and Fanshawe, Thomas and Williams, Gareth and Dhillon, A.P. (2006) Novel markers of cell kinetics to evaluate progression from cirrhosis to hepatocellular carcinoma. Liver International, 26 (4). pp. 424-432. ISSN 1478-3231
Ragavan, N. and Grover, P. and Balasubramanian, S. P. and Hindley, A. C. and Matanhelia, S. S. and Martin, Francis L. (2006) An observational study of cancers among female partners of UK-resident prostate cancer patients. European Urology Supplements, 5 (2). p. 165. ISSN 1569-9056
Ragavan, Narasimhan and Grover, Philip and Balasubramanian, Sabapathy P. and Hindley, Andrew C. and Matanhelia, Shyam S. and Martin, Francis L. (2006) An observational study of cancers among female partners of UK-resident prostate cancer patients. Cancer Letters, 242 (1). pp. 88-94. ISSN 0304-3835
Ragavan, Narasimhan and Hewitt, Rebecca and Hindley, Andrew C. and Nicholson, C. M. and Matanhelia, Shyam S. and Martin, Francis L. (2006) CYP1B1 expression is higher in the peripheral zone compared to the transition zone : a difference underlying zonal susceptibility to prostate adenocarcinoma? Prostate Cancer and Prostatic Diseases, 9 (3). p. 316. ISSN 1365-7852
Read, Jonathan M. and Keeling, Matt J. (2006) Disease evolution across a range of spatio-temporal scales. Theoretical Population Biology, 70 (2). pp. 201-213. ISSN 0040-5809
Sanchez, Xavier and Bampouras, Theodoros M. (2006) Augmented feedback over a short period of time:Does it improve netball goal-shooting performance? International Journal of Sport Psychology, 37 (4). pp. 349-358. ISSN 0047-0767
Sedda, Luigi and Dettori, Sandro (2006) Analisi variografica del diametro di un impianto di quercia da sughero. Un esempio di studio della corregionalizzazione in ambito forestale. L'Italia Forestale e Montana, 6. pp. 533-544. ISSN 0021-2776
Shilling, V. and Jenkins, V. and Solis-Trapala, Ivonne (2006) The (mis)classification of chemo-fog–methodological inconsistencies in the investigation of cognitive impairment after chemotherapy. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 95 (2). pp. 125-129. ISSN 0167-6806
Smith, A. F. and Goodwin, D. and Mort, M. and Pope, C. (2006) What defines expertise in regional anaesthesia. An observational analysis of practice. British Journal of Anaesthesia, 97 (3). pp. 401-407. ISSN 1471-6771
Smith, Andrew F. and Goodwin, Dawn and Mort, Maggie and Pope, C. (2006) Adverse events in anaesthetic practice : qualitative study of definition, discussion and reporting. British Journal of Anaesthesia, 96 (6). pp. 715-721. ISSN 1471-6771
Smith, Craig J. and Emsley, Hedley C. A. and Vail, Andy and Georgiou, Rachel F. and Rothwell, Nancy J. and Tyrrell, Pippa J. and Hopkins, Stephen J. (2006) Variability of the systemic acute phase response after ischemic stroke. Journal of the Neurological Sciences, 251 (1-2). pp. 77-81. ISSN 0022-510X
Solis-Trapala, Ivonne L. and Farewell, Vernon T. (2006) A note on Robust Inference from a conditional Poisson Model. Biometrical Journal, 48 (1). pp. 117-130. ISSN 1521-4036
Taylor, Benjamin (2006) Simultaneous modelling of longitudinal and time to event data. Masters thesis, UNSPECIFIED.
Watmough, Simon and Garden, Anne and Taylor, David (2006) Does a new integrated PBL curriculum with specific communication skills classes produce pre-registration house officers (PRHOs) with improved communication skills? Medical Teacher, 28. pp. 264-269. ISSN 1466-187X
Watmough, Simon and Garden, Anne and Taylor, David (2006) Educational supervisors evaluate the preparedness of graduates from a reformed UK curriculum to work as pre-registration house officers (PRHOs) : a qualitative study. Medical Education, 40 (10). pp. 995-1001. ISSN 1365-2923
Watmough, Simon and Garden, Anne and Taylor, David (2006) Pre-registration house officers (PRHOs) give their views about studying under a reformed medical curriculum in the UK. Medical Teacher, 40. pp. 893-899. ISSN 1466-187X
Watmough, Simon and Ryland, Ida and Garden, Anne and Taylor, David (2006) Comparing consultant educational supervisors' views on the perceived competencies of pre-registration house officers (PRHOs) from a traditional and a reformed medical curricula. British Journal of Hospital Medicine, 67 (2). 92 -95. ISSN 1759-7390
Wells, C. and McNae, I. and Walkinshaw, M. and Westwood, N. J. and Grant, Karen M. (2006) The selective biological activity of indirubin-based inhibitors : applications in parasitology. In: Indirubin, the red shade of indigo. Life in Progress Editions, Roscoff, France, pp. 259-267. ISBN 2951802900
Wiltshire, Patricia E. J. and Black, Sue (2006) The cribriform approach to the retrieval of palynological evidence from the turbinates of murder victims. Forensic Science International, 163 (3). pp. 224-230. ISSN 0379-0738
Yan, Shan and Lindsay, Howard D. and Michael, W. Matthew (2006) A direct requirement for Xmus101 in ATR-mediated phosphorylation of Claspin bound Chk1 during checkpoint signaling. Journal of Cell Biology, 173 (2). pp. 181-186. ISSN 0021-9525


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OSC (Ohio Supercomputer Center) will present a half-day workshop on Performance Tuning for Microprocessor-based Systems on January 17, 2002.
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Cray Inc. customers can now pick the brains of OSC (Ohio Supercomputer Center) high performance computing experts and make use of their vast experience. As part of an ongoing contract, OSC is offering training facilities to Cray's customer base, further strengthening its extremely successful relationship with the supercomputer leader.
Experience HPC at its best. Visit the OSC booth at SC2001 and check out the latest in HPC research, networking, and cluster computing technologies!
OSC in the News
Joint Project Will Evaluate Prospective I/O Node Technologies, Data Archiving Tools
SC2001 programming bills tutorials as "exciting new offerings presented by some of the world's leading experts in high performance computing."
Columbus, Ohio -- September 4, 2001 -- Troy Baer, OSC Systems Developer and Engineer, recently published the article, "Integrating a Linux Cluster into a Production High-Performance Computing Environment," in the July 2001 edition of the Linux Journal. Baer takes you on a journey that brings the "brain" home from SGI, and provides insight into installing and using the cluster.
Hang Liu, an Ohio University physics and astronomy graduate student, received the OSC/SGI Outstanding Graduate Student Award at the OSC/SUG Graduate Student Conference on August 12, 2001. Graduate students from various Ohio universities displayed their research in a series of thoughtful and interesting papers, presentations and poster sessions.
The High Performance Computing (HPC) division of OSC is sponsoring a Graduate Student Conference/Workshop at OSC on August 10 and 11, 2001. The purpose of the Conference/Workshop is to introduce graduate students from around the state to the resources and capabilities of OSC, as well as to exchange information about research projects being undertaken by other graduate students in Ohio. About 25 attendees from around Ohio will be selected by application. The selected students will be expected to attend both days of the Workshop/Conference.
COLUMBUS, Ohio and MOUNTAIN VIEW, Calif. (Aug. 8, 2001) - OSC (Ohio Supercomputer Center) and SGI (NYSE: SGI) announce the launch of a new cluster from SGI utilizing the Itanium-based Silicon Graphics® 750 system, making this cluster one of the fastest in the world.
Columbus, Ohio -- August 3, 2001 -- Newly appointed Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Chairman Timothy J. Muris will provide the keynote speech on Thursday morning October 4, at Privacy2001. The conference, one of the top privacy events in the country, will be held at the Renaissance Hotel in Cleveland, Ohio October 2-4, and will be attended by more than 250 leaders and policy makers from government, industry and consumer organizations. Information about the conference is available at www.privacy2000.org.


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While the concern and support demonstrated by volunteer work and advocacy are essential, material assistance is also a necessity. Donate today.
Needed items and services might include:
Clothing. The lack of clean, well-fitting clothes and shoes causes great hardship beyond exposure to the elements—it hurts one's self-image and one's chance to get ahead. People experiencing homelessness must travel light, with few opportunities to safely store or adequately clean what they can't carry. On job interviews, a poorly dressed person has little chance for success. Give your clean clothes to those who could use them. Before you give your own clothes or start a clothing drive, talk to your local shelter and find out what items they really need. Most have limited storage space, and can't use winter clothes in summer or vice versa. Some serve only a certain group of people. Please clean the clothes before you donate them.
In-kind services and materials. Service providers may be able to use copying, printing, food, transportation, marketing assistance, computer equipment and assistance, electrical work, building materials, plumbing, etc.
Household goods or other items. Service providers may need items such as kitchen utensils, furniture, books, toys, games, stuffed animals, dolls, diapers, etc.
Books. People experiencing homelessness may have limited access to a library and find that there is little for them to do when spending a night at a shelter. Find out if your local shelter would appreciate donations of books. Consider organizing a book drive to create a small library at the shelter if there is not already one there.
Computers. Many non-profit organizations have a difficult time purchasing expensive but essential equipment such as computers. If you have a machine you no longer need, a local shelter or service provider might greatly appreciate the donation. Shelter guests might also appreciate the donation of machines for their use, although you should check if a shelter would have space to set up public computers.
Homeless "survival kits." Create and distribute kits that include items such as cups, pots, pans, soap, shampoo, toothpaste, toothbrushes, and cosmetics. (Try coordinating this through a group that gives out meals from a van, for example.) During cold weather, organize drives for blankets, coats, hats, scarves, mittens, socks, and the like.
Phone calls. Help people experiencing homelessness contact loved ones by offering the opportunity to make free long distance calls on holidays. Donate to or organize a cell phone drive for the homeless.
Job opportunities. Encourage your company, school, or place of worship to hire people experiencing homelessness (if they are not already working). Most unemployed homeless adults desperately want to work, but need an employer to give them a chance.
Support for a homeless person or family. As people move out of a shelter or transitional housing program, consider raising money to contribute for a security deposit, or assist by contributing household goods, babysitting, or moral support. See if your local shelter has a partnering program.
Other things you might do to contribute include:
Raise funds for a program. Ask your group to abstain from one meal and donate the proceeds to a shelter or soup kitchen. Sponsor a benefit concert or coffee house featuring local musicians and poets (Don't forget to include homeless and formerly homeless performers!). Organize a walk-a-thon or a yard sale and donate the proceeds.
Consider giving directly to people experiencing homelessness. Deciding whether or not to give to panhandlers is a personal decision. Some may not give money out of fear that it may be spent supporting an addiction. Although this is occasionally true, the money also may help someone buy a meal, afford housing, buy clothes, purchase an ID to stay in a shelter, pay for transportation to a job, childcare, healthcare, support a family member—the possibilities are numerous. In some cases, instead of giving money, people carry gift certificates to restaurants or granola bars, peanut butter crackers, sandwiches, or fruit to give to homeless people.
Smile. Whether or not you choose to give change, please don't look away from homeless people as if they do not exist. Making eye contact, saying a few words, or smiling can reaffirm the humanity of a person at a time when homelessness seems to have stripped it away. For more insight into panhandling and homelessness, read "Panhandling: A Little Understanding."
Curry Homeless Coalition
PO Box 349
Gold Beach OR 97444
Copyright © Curry Homeless Coalition


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Genealogy in Fort Wayne, Indiana
Spending a few days at one of the largest genealogy conferences was a fun time. I arrived at the Hilton Inn at Fort Wayne on the first day of the Federation of Genealogical Societies conference on Tuesday, August 14, 2007. This was the beginning of four days of classes, presentations, and programs to educate the masses about genealogy. The other focus was the 2nd largest genealogy library in the United States, the Allen County Public Library. This library has just undergone a major remodelling and facelift. Added to the library was a large quantity of electronic access by offering Wi-Fi throughout the building. I made two visits to the library. One was to see how large the collection of family histories really was and next to present a program about the religious order known as "Primitive Baptists". It was a pleasure to see a large group gather for this program.
The highlight of the entire program was a banquet on Friday evening where we were treated to a program by one of the foremost DNA researchers in the genealogy field, Megan Smolenyak. Megan is on the staff of Ancestry.com as Chief Family Historian. She presented a program about finding the "real Annie Moore". This was a young lady who was the first person to cross the gangplank entering the US when Ellis Island opened in 1892. Annie has been mis-identified for a good many years until Megan entered the "chase for the real Annie Moore". Megan presented a Power Point program showing the success and how it was accomplished. As a friend of Megan I got a few minutes to talk with her and congratulate her on her many successes.


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U.S. Rep. Nita Lowey on Monday detailed what she will do to make sure the Indian Point nuclear power plants in Buchanan can be shut down permanently while keeping the public safe and economically secure.
Lowey, a Harrison Democrat who represents Rockland and Westchester counties, held a news conference in Buchanan to announce three bills that she introduced last week related to shuttering the nuclear energy complex by 2021, as previously announced by Gov. Andrew Cuomo and Entergy, the utility company that operates the power plants.
Lowey said she supports Cuomo's plan, reached with Entergy and Riverkeeper in January, to phase out operation of Indian Point.
"Since 2002, I have advocated for shutting down Indian Point because of its security and safety risks for all of us in the New York metro area," Lowey said.
Lowey was joined at Monday's news conference by state Assemblywoman Sandra Galef, a Democrat from Ossining; Cortlandt Supervisor Linda Puglisi, Buchanan Mayor Theresa Knickerbocker and Hendrick Hudson Schools Superintendent Joseph Hochreiter.
Lowey said her proposed legislation is aimed at providing a new source of revenue to offset the $32 million in annual taxes that Buchanan, Cortlandt and Hendrick Hudson schools are projected to lose when Entergy shuts off power.
Another Lowey bill would speed up removal of the highly-radioactive control rods from the plant site by granting authority to the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission to license interim storage facilities in the country and prioritize the removal of nuclear waste from sites in densely populated areas, like the Lower Hudson Valley. A few temporary storage locations for the rods have been identified in Texas and New Mexico.
Entergy employs more than 1,100 local workers and provides about one-third of the annual tax revenue to the Hendrick Hudson School District, nearly two-thirds of the Verplanck Fire Department budget, 28 percent of the Hendrick Hudson Free Library annual budget, about 2 percent of Cortlandt's annal revenues and 1 percent of Westchester County revenues.
As part of its settlement agreement with Cuomo and Riverkeeper, Entergy has agreed to pay $15 million, starting in 2020, to local communities to offset the lost revenue.
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