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"I was flicking through my camera's menu today and came across a little graph labeled 'histogram'. What is it and should I take any notice of it? Is there such a thing as the ideal histogram? What should we be aiming for?" – Brent
Histograms are a topic that we could (and probably should) spend a lot of time talking about but let me give you a very brief answer to get you through in the short term.
Histograms are a very useful tool that many cameras offer their users to help them get a quick summary of the tonal range present in any given image.
It graphs the tones in your image from black (on the left) to white (on the right).
The higher the graph at any given point the more pixels of that tone that are present in an image.
So a histogram with lots of dark pixels will be skewed to the left and one with lots of lighter tones will be skewed to the right.
The beauty of a histogram is that the small LCD display on your camera is not really big enough to give you an great review of a picture and you can often get home to find that you've over or under exposed an image. Checking the histogram can tell you this while you're in a position to be able to adjust your settings and take another shot.
Let's look at a couple of examples of histograms on shots I've taken over the first year of my son's life (it's his birthday this week so we're going through some shots).
Compare these two shots and their corresponding histograms:
The above shot has a lot of light tones – in fact there are parts of the shot that are quite blown out. As a result on the right hand side of the histogram you can see a sudden rise. While there are quite a few mid tones – everything is skewed right and with the extreme values on the right hand side indicate an over exposed shot.
This second shot has a lot of dark tones. This is partly because of the black and navy clothes in the shot – but also because it's slightly underexposed shot. The resulting histogram is quite different to the first one – the values are skewed to the left hand side.
As with most aspects of photography, beauty is in the eye of the beholder and there's always a lot of room for personal taste and different ways of expressing yourself as a photographer.
There is no such thing as the 'perfect' histogram – different subjects and photographic styles will produce different results. For example taking a silhouette shot might produce a histogram with peaks at both ends of the spectrum and nothing much in the middle of the graph. Taking a shot of someone at the snow will obviously have a histogram with significant peaks on the right hand side…. etc
Having said this (and to generalize) – in most cases you'll probably want a fairly balanced shot with a nice spread of tones. Most well exposed shots tend to peak somewhere in the middle and taper off towards the edges.
So now you know what a histogram is – grab your digital camera's manual and work out how to switch it on in playback mode. This will enable you to see both the picture and the histogram when reviewing shots after taking them.
Keep an eye out for histograms with dramatic spikes to the extreme ends of either side of the spectrum. This indicates that you have a lot of pixels that are either pure black or pure white. While this might be what you're after remember that those sections of the image probably have very little detail – this is a hint that your image could be either over or under exposed.
The histogram is really just a tool to give you more information about an image and to help you get the effect that you want. Having your camera set to show you histograms during the view process will tell you how your image is exposed. Learning to read them will help you to work out whether you're exposing a shot as you had hoped.
Lets finish this tutorial by looking at one last example of a histogram:
You can see in this shot a much more even spread of tones. It's still not perfect and I'd do a little post production work but it's a much more evenly exposed shot and the histogram reflects this.
Great Article. Well Written with some great Examples!
Well this pretty much explains everything, Thank you:)
Thanks, that was a gret explanation. I can't wait to try it.
Informative and helpful well well written and easy to understand.
We can create a full grey card, Black card, Half black and half white card, 1/4 black and 3/4th white Etc in Photo shop and compare the histograms in the levels menu - Such a sample will be very use full
Thank for this post. I am taking a night school DSL photography class and its limited in time, so We are being introduced to these topics, but don't really have the time in class to experience them in practice/results--I need a lot of experiential learning, and things explained in various ways to fully understand it. This is a topic of which,he stressed that if you could learn to use in practice, It would benefit your confidence and outcomes. I like the way you used your words and your images to explain this concept. It suited me just fine! And I feel like I just "got" another layer of photography. Thank You.
Thank you for your great site "for beginners". You write it in such a way that's easy to understand and there's more likelihood that I will finally venture out of auto! Cheers!
I was able to Aaron's article about histograms, titled Histograms: Huh?. I just googled it and there it was. Very interesting and goes along quite well with this article. Nice job guys. Thanks
Great explanation. However, my cammera has 3 histograms: red, green, and blue. How do they work? is there an article on it, or someone who can explain me? thanks
The information on Histograms is very much to the point, thank you.
I would like to know how to "remove" the histogram from the view of the picture I have taken. I have a Nikon D40 and am not sure which button I have pushed to get the histogram on there. Yes....I am new with this camera it has so many bells and whistles! Thanks
Really nice article about histograms. I tried reading some histogram articles and I was in confusion till I read this article. Its plain and simple to understand. Loved it.
I'm just a beginner learning to use her new camera.
I would like to know, theoretically, cropping a photo would change it's histogram?
I'm a bit confused whether to display the histogram or the highlight blinkies in the LCD. Some experts recommend one, some the other. One cannot do both unless you scroll through all the display options for a shot. That said, I tend to focus on the blinkie display and find my shots often 1 to 1.5 stops under exposed. Anyone else have this conundrum?
Thank you for this article. I have one year of digital photography under my belt. I read a similar tutorial on histograms but yours was much better,simple and clear. So now i know what that histogram is for!
Awesome, thanks. I've never really understood what to use the histograms for, so this is really helpful.
It was interesting. I have a histogram that can be changed from Brightness to RGB and they look different. I take alot of landscape photos and love certain shades of blue for my backgrounds. I'll have to see how those look on both of those histograms.
Nice, simple and precise! Congratulaions and thanks for this article. Reginaldo
As you said, one could spend much more time on this subject. My DSLR has 4 histograms for every photo - white, red, green, and blue. Why ? For example, in the red histogram, what is the difference between the extreme left and the extreme right ? Similarly, for the other 3.
........ Barry
Very nice and to-the-point explanation. Thanks a lot Darren.
Excellent explanation! I became a fan of your and this site. I know several things now, which were just a blackbox to me few days back... many thanks to you!
Thanks for the intro. I just purchased a Nikon 3100 to dip my toe into photography and right now am relying on the auto features. Thanks for sharing.
Wow, I found this article to be super mega helpful. Didn't know what a histogram was before. Love these tutorials!!
First of all, let me say I have just found your site lately. I am very impressed with the content and variety of the photography processes you put on your site. Very well done! Bravo!
I have question. I see you mention "photoshop" in your responses and comments. I have started with "Picasa" on Google. I am enjoying this very much. I would like to buy a Photo enhancer, for lack of a better explaination, that I may purchase. What would you think is a good " Photo enhancer" or "Photoshop" would be like the 'Picasa". Keeping in mind I am just starting. So I am looking economical investment to the a really good one. Again thank you for a site I can recommend to my family!
I recently got interested in DSLR'S and I'm just a beginner. I want to thank you for making digital photography interesting and easy to understand. I've suggested your site to quite a few of my friends and they love it. Just keep on doing what you're doing, you're awesome.
Thank you so much for all of the hints and helps you provide for us beginners, I have been taking classes for about a year and a half and have been stifled by the histogram, thank you for putting it in easy to understand terms.
Thanks for explaining everything in simple terms :-)
Thanks Darren. Simple and to the point. Keep up the good work.
Thanks for this tutorial. I have a question- I am a complete novice and all the pictures I took till now have been without any knowledge of how to use the camera, really use it properly. Now I am looking over some of the photos I took and checking out the histograms. Many photos look fine on the whole (or maybe my untrained eye cannot really tell!) but for eg. when I look at the histogram I see a peak of one or two pixels on the extreme right or left going all the way up to the top of the histogram or sometimes only halfway. Would this be considered to be not a good histogram? Please take a look at my photo Village Belles and its histograms. What should I make of it? Thanks for your help!
I am so glad I read this. Thank you!!
Thanks Darren for the beautiful article. I usually use a histogram in post processing as I have a P&S. I used to use it without really paying attention to what I was doing. I would just look at the pic and at the setting it looked best I would save. Now I know what I have been doing. Also when I get my DSLR I will know how to use the histogram while taking the pic.
I know this was posted 3 years ago, but still, I want to comment (or to correct) on the 'skewness' topic.
Skewed to the left (left-skewed) means the left tail is longer and the values are concentrated on the right (thus higher on the right side.
Skewed to the right, similarly, is the opposite.
[eimg url='http://www.stat.psu.edu/online/program/stat504/01_overview/graphics/skew_graphs.gif' title='skew_graphs.gif']
Great article, nevertheless.
I know this was posted 3 years ago, but still, I want to comment (or to correct) on the 'skewness' topic.
Skewed to the left (left-skewed) means the left tail is longer and the values are concentrated on the right (thus higher on the right side.
Skewed to the right, similarly, is the opposite.
Great article, nevertheless.
Brilliant tutorial. The last photo is mindblowing.
I really enjoy,You have explained really mean histogram really i learn from your weekly news letter i will be trying it;;;;;;;;Thanks a lot for your information.mahadeolalbarai purulia india
I have been reading through your previous articles and like them you have explained what histogram really means so simply and with such a wonderful example. I really enjoy your articles
surely i can step toward more digital. thanks a lot for the explanation
great! thanks for sharing. i sometimes forget about the histogram :-)
Thank you so much for your article, it cleared up a lot of questions I had. I knew what a histogram was and that it was to help you get exposure right, but never understood how. Now I do, can't wait to use it to become a better photographer!
Dear Darren, just want to thank you a lot, cause I've been reading your tutorials over and over, understanding bits by bits, sometimes after experiencing and crashing!!! anyway, my view on photography has radically changed!!! The way I use my camera (only a bridge though but I can now make believe refex owner I've got one) I know there is never one way to photography, but knowing your tips help a great deal, and I would say the mots important is composition!!!!
Please carry on!!!!!
A fan from France!!!!
Interesting. I kind of always just overlooked it and didn't think it was very important.
i find this article impossible to fully undestand but i appreciate the attempt to simplyfy the subject. is there anyone else who had trouble with it and can direct me to another explaination as i want to find out more on the subject. i think i'm missing something very elementry in reading it, i know what the article is saying but cant work out how to acually read the graph
anyone know where the article , histograms is, by Aron
Thanks! I wondered how to read the histogram. I usually have it turned off so now I will try with it on
Thanks for the help. As a someone who works with data histograms on a regular basis, I can tell you that your terminology is a little off. When a histogram peaks on the left and has a tail on the right, it is "right skewed", not left skewed as you mention in your article. The "skew" is the same side as the tail.
thanks .before seeing this lesson i do't know what is histogram...........
Well done!
Darren, Another great article.There are a lot o photoschool blogs out there
but, many ignore the histogram as a touchy subject best left to pro photographers with no real attempt to enlighten newbies of the real value
found within this data.Consider doing an article on the value of histograms
in post processing clean up and as a learning tool....thanks
Great post - not sure if any of the comments pointed this out, but you've got your skews backwards. For example, lots of darker tones (big hump on the left, long tail on the right) is skewed right, not skewed left. And vice-versa. Doesn't take away from the post, but just in case readers go elsewhere and see it the other way around.
Great article. I've never used histograms before because I didn't know what I was looking for. I've struggled alot because I take what I think are great shots until I see them on the big screen....then I realize they are often overexposed. This is a great new tool to help with this on the spot.
Great info, thanks for breaking it down into an easy to understand method. Now that I have some sense of what it is and what it is there for I will try to pay more attention to this and see if I can improve upon my work. I also invite everyone to drop by www.bklphotos.com and check my shots out so you can see what stage I am operating at. Not a beginner but always room to learn. Thanks.
Now I have a better picture after reading your article, a confusing subject made easy by you.Thanks.
A great job on simplifying a complex subject. It's also important to note that computer monitors can display the same picture with varing results. The beauty of histograms are that they don't lie. If your monitor doesn't display the results you expect then a calibration check of your monitor's color balance should be performed before photoshoping your prized photographs.
When reading about the almighty histogram All I ever see are the bad histogram blown out highlights or no details in the blacks. How about showing us comparisons side by side histogram of the same shot so we can see the changes for ourselves. Same shot Over exposed, Correct exposure, Underexposed, Photo with histogram side by side. I think a lot of people would gain from this . Thanks for what you do offer us.
I confess that before this morning I had never looked at my camera's histogram, but it is always the first thing I look for in photoshop. I have always felt a general bell curve is best, and if it is narrow bell curve you move the outer sliders in to the start of the curve to improve the shot. It's the middle slider I never know what to do with. I usually just slide it back and forth to look for the most pleasing to me.
Question on Histograms: What does it mean when a spike in the histogram goes beyond the top of the displayed graph. Does that simply represent a lot of pixels of that tone but they can't all be represented within the limits of the graph but they are displayed in the image, or is there some sort of clipping happening within the image?
Finally a simple explanation of what a histogram is all about. I will certainly understand what it's telling me now....much appreciatedd
so the annoying histogram on the back of the camera has some use ...
i've never used it ...
but i guess i'm gonna use it from now on ...
great info here ... thanks ...
any info,ie answer to larz ?my nikon semms to measure 3 channels seperatly or together.back to larz's ? IS THEIR ANY REALIVANCE TO THE HIGHT OF THE BARS.
No you not wanr any bars at the extreem end!
So I believe a histogram with peaks to both left and right means a lot of over and underexposed or probably dark and light portions of the image. So to take a Still/Portrait photograph I believe it's good to maintain peaks at both the ends, is this true? Ofcourse, I understand it depends on lighting, but then again... I believe these make good pictures.. don't they?
Murali, if the XTi is anything like the XT I had, you can hide the histogram and/or show different views of it and the picture when the image is displayed by pressing the info button. HTH.
I just bought a Canon XTi and was wondering why i was seeing the graph on the display. Thanks for enlightening me!
hope we have a lot more stuff like this for beginers like me.
Great article, even cuter kid.
Wow, that was great! =) As a two-year novice photographer who still enjoys running around taking shots, but becoming more and more interested with the more technical ideas behind pictures [not just point and shoot! =) ] this has got to be the first easily accessible quick explanation of histograms. Kudos! =D
Your histogram explanation was the first one that actually made sense to me, thanks.
Question - if the histogram appears balanced/centralized yet none of the values reach very high (similar to a slight "frown") - does this mean that the image will typically be rather "washed out"?
This has happened to me a couple times and I do not recall ever getting a good shot w/ this type h-gram...
Great explanation, simple and sweet. Now I know how it works. I was trying to understand it last couple of days. Thank you.
another lesson learned from this site. thank you!
Keep teaching me this way and I will only get better. But quicker. Thanks Mel
Thanks for the article. I've known about histograms for a while, they are one of the most useful tools my camera has.
I forwarded this on to my father and the "Oh, THATS what it's for" look on his face was priceless!
Thanks for the article. I was going through histograms today, as well. I hate them and never want to use them, but you really do have to respect them.
They come in handy when you can't see the LCD clearly. The LCD is great for checking COMPOSITION. Surely those little LCDs don't have the same capabilities as a Cinema display, so they currently can't tell you if you've got great exposure. And since the brightness of the LCD is adjustable, it confuses things more. Looking at the histogram gives you a sweeping overview of the tonalities, I think better than the LCD can.
And, true, some manufacturers only base the histo on the green channel. I believe Nikon does, not sure what Canon does. The three or four channel histo is very useful, too, but, alas, further complicates things.
You've done a great job on explaining the histogram. Thanks!
This article is a prime example of why I love this website - it offers simple explanations of things that I already sort of knew about, but never bothered to really learn more about.
Knowing what things are, in plain English, is the first step to mastering a concept. If I wanted to learn more about histograms, now I at least know why they are important, and can go delve in further elsewhere. Thanks for being champs of the "plain English" approach. I added this website to my feeds as an afterthought, and now I look forward to each article. And recommend you, hands down, to other photographers.
Yesterday I said to myself, "Time to learn about histograms". This morning - I see this in my Netvibes feed. Thank you so much for keeping it clear and simple. I agree with an earlier comment that exposure should primarily be dealt with in the photo-taking, but some cameras don't always get it right - like my Canon Digital Rebel XTi. The histogram will help a lot.
thank you . still a very confusing topic for me.. but willing to keep learning :)
Thanks. This was very useful.
Nice summary. I'm used Photoshop quite a but and even really knew what the histogram was in relation to PS, but I'd never really saw the use of the histogram function on my camera before (usually just thinking that I'd get a look at it once I got home). Thanks!
Newbies like me never bother to check what this graph is for.
Thanks for this article, its really helpful. :)
I usually check the historam on about the first two or three shots and make adjustments to camera settings if necessary. Usually I don't have to check it again unless lighting conditions have changed or I have moved on to another subject and location. I don't delete the shot whose histogram didn't look good because it can often be fixed in Photoshop.
thanks everyone for the comments and feedback - there are some great suggestions and comments above that really enhance the article. Glad people enjoyed my explanation.
what i have noticed that 80 to 90% of the photographers do not understand the histogram. i hope after going thru this explanation their attention will be drawn on histogram and they will be benefitted from its inclusion in the camera screen. a good topic.
I tend to "avoid" things I don't understand. The Histogram setting on my camera was one of them. I often (somehow) get it set in the mode to display that instead the full screen shot. I would then get frustrated and try to move back to the full screen display that made "more sense" to me. But now with this explanation I've got a great new tool. Thanks for the great simple explanation of why I should use it more often.
Great article - thanks for the information it is very helpful.
Thanks for putting this one in plain English. I enjoyed it and I am sure that now I will use it.
Still a film photographer, but contemplating digital. My thought would be to bring the analysis of histograms back to old school photography terms. Over and under exposure. With all the advances in metering it should be simple to look at the scene you are ready to photograph, decide if you need to set exposure for the highlights or shadows and take you meter reading accordingly. Seems a much simpler concept then reviewing the histogram after the fact, and correcting on a computer. Practice the fundamentals of exposure, how it is used to control your creativity so you reproduce more accurately what you minds eye sees in the image. When all else fails bracket your exposures.
Great. One more little mystery solved for me. Maybe you can do one on ISO. I understand what it is but not why some people use 200/400/ etc.
You might want to be careful when looking at your histogram. There are cameras that base the histogram only on the green channel! This means that under/overexposure in the blue or red channels won't show up on your histogram at all.
For more information, check out http://www.kenrockwell.com/tech/yrgb.htm
A very quick and perhabs to "easy" way to check a histrogram is to check if it is not touching either the left (dark) or the right (light) side. If it does you may loose details which cannot be recovered as they are simply either black or white. The Canon 350D furthermore shows hotspots if you press the info key until you see the picture.
Cheers. SJDK
@PRH: The best lesson to learn about Photoshop is when to leave well enough alone.
Indeed! Far too often I have pushed things too far when they didn't need them. Sometimes I manage to catch myself and stop, or my wife tells me "take it back".
Thanks for the info!
A great feature expressed in simplest terms. I like it!!
Nice. Very concise and understandable. I've been teaching my 6 year old daughter about photography. I wonder if there's a way to break histograms down even further to make it understandable at a child's level?
Great article - good job in keeping the explanation simple and concise.
As most cameras allow display of both picture and histogram. Look at the pictures you like and look at the corresponding histogram. No better learning experence.
About moving the end slider in photoshop on the last example. They seeme good but moving the center marker might be in order.
# Collin Says:
June 29th, 2007 at 4:15 am
"So, what would you do to the last photo? It looks pretty good as it is to me. The only thing I could think is using the Levels in Photoshop move the right slider left a little."
You probably wouldn't do anything to that last shot. If you clip the highlights (on the right), you'll probably end up loosing the beautiful detail in the face and overexposing the blanket at the bottom.
The best lesson to learn about Photoshop is when to leave well enough alone.
Great article! This will definitely help me improve my photos, my point-and-shoot has a histogram but it looks kinda strange to me :O
Dean - thanks - have made that change.
Paying attention to your histogram when you're shooting can really improve shots. It helps give you a better idea of whether you can expect to see lots of dark spots or blown out highlights when you finally get home and download your shots.
Knowing right away means that you can just adjust your setting a bit and grab a few more frames before moving on.
Thanks for the info. I've been trying to use it for a long time, but I never felt like I had a good idea what I was supposed to be trying to accomplish.
Great examples, too. I'd like to see more about histograms now.
The caption for the underexposed photo says the values are skewed to the right. I think it should say that they are skewed to the left.
Otherwise, very nice!
Also a good thing about histograms is that you can see them on bright days as well. What I means is that especially on bright days it is almost impossible to judge a photo on a camera display if it is well exposed. Also judging the exposure of pictures at night (e.g. shots of skylines etc.) give most of the time the wrong impression. But after some training you will easily realize by looking at the histogram if the photo is "most likely" exposed correctly
Great article. The subject is often confusing yet you have explained it in nice simple terms. Thanks.
For any readers interested in exploring histograms to an even deeper level, I wrote a visually-oriented explanation of how they're generated and how you can interpret them to (hopefully) improve your work. It's called (appropriately, I think), Histograms: Huh?
Great explanation...short and sweet. As inferred in the article, once you have found your style you'll see a pattern to your histograms.
So, what would you do to the last photo? It looks pretty good as it is to me. The only thing I could think is using the Levels in Photoshop move the right slider left a little.


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Law School Discussion
Deciding Where to Go
Choosing the Right Law School
Entertainment/Media Law Schools
Entertainment/Media Law Schools
15 Replies
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Re: Entertainment/Media Law Schools
Reply #10 on:
June 27, 2012, 02:48:19 PM »
This is a continuation of my prior post.
This is something I did think about when choosing law schools, but many students dont. With your numbers you are probably capable of getting some pretty outstanding scholarships and one thing that doesnt change regardless of your personal opinion, location, or what U.S. News thinks is debt. Paying off 150,000 that is accruing 8.5% interest or 6.8 % the whole packages is a very real factor. I dont know what each school costs, but look into it. Apply to some other schools in the locations and get scholarship money, BUT if you get scholarship pay attention to the conditions this article does a good job explaining why.
Really be careful about it I remember one school in Miami I think FIU is only 10,000 a year, which is a phenomenal price and you dont even have to worry about scholarship conditions just something to think about. There are few schools around the country that offer in-state tuition and those are phenomenal deals. Just factors to consider.
At basically every ABA school you will essentially learn the same thing. First year will be torts, criminal law, LRW, con law, civil procedure, contracts, property, criminal procedure or some variation on that. No matter where you go you will be using the same textbook and reading Supreme Court cases whether no matter what school you go to that will be your first year possibly with some slight variation.
You may get some entertainment law classes mixed in, but there is a 50% chance you will be in the bottom 50% of whatever school you go. Nothing personal just how law school works, everybody on the first day is pretty certain they will be in the top 10%, but 90% will be wrong. Then there is a 50% chance you will be in the bottom half of the class and you may freak out about the bar and then start taking bar related courses opposed to anything with entertainment law. Or after going through first year you might just freak out about the bar even if you do well. I imagine most schools have a 40-50 required units and most require between 85-88 to graduate so you might have 30 units of course and I doubt any place offers 30 unites of entertainment law course and even if they did the courses would overlap during a two year period and these again are just realities to think about.
It is great you want to do entertainment law, but unfortunately so do a lot of other people. It is a very competitive field and there is a good chance you will not the ideal entrainment law job your seeking. Dont let me deter you it is just a fact plenty of people overcome odds, and Im sure your capable of doing it, but it is very competitive.
Furthermore, do you have any actual experience with entertainment law? Do you actually know what it is or do you just think it sounds fun to work on movie deals? I dont know you or your situation, but if you just think it would be cool to do movie deals and have no experience in it I would recommend seeing what is they do. There are some cool things, but fighting for 6 months about clause 242 of Mick Jaggers contract that imposes shipment costs on the studio instead of Mick might not be as exciting as it sounds. Again I dont know if you have experience you do, but these again just things to think about.
Honestly, many people go in to law school thinking they know exactly what they want to do, but it usually changes. I thought IP law was where it was at when I started (of course I knew nothing about IP law had no background in computer science or anything like that, but my school was ranked top 10 in IP law (stupidly this was a factor in my decision). Of course I did not end up taking one IP law class after the first year and got really into any trial advocacy, which when I started law school is something I never though would happen since I Was terrified of public speaking when I enrolled, but things change.
-I was an idiot for making that a basis of my decision and Im sure your not making the same mistake, but I wanted to relay that story just in case. Thankfully things worked out for me and I found that I loved trial advocacy and I get to do it all the time. I dont think this is a unique situation one of my 1L friends is now really big into Water-Law just things happened and he got into that and he enjoys it, but he was interested in Entertainment law when he started. So point is things change.
If you are really focused on entertainment then remember to apply common sense. Studios, etc are in New York and L.A almost exclusively. Entrainment law internships, adjunct professors, and so forth would therefore be in L.A. or New York. You are much more likely to get an entrainment law internship from a small L.A. school like Southwestern than Tulane. Simply because 9 months out of the year you would be in Louisiana and I dont think any major movies or studios are located in New Orleans. While are 7 ABA law school in L.A and this place called Hollywood nearby and those companies will just draw from those schools simply because the students are there and they could work with them during school.
Maybe some place would keep a spot for a Tulane Law student instead one of the 100s of applications they get from students readily available year round, but using common sense you can see why that is unlikely
As for the location this applies with all specialties if you want to do IP law go to the bay area that is where most of it is happening Apple, Cisco, AOL, E-Bay, Facebook, etc are in the Bay Area. Of course my top IP law school was not in the bay area which made my decision even stupider, but you can see that logic
If you wanted to do Agricultural law go to school the midwest, Maritime law go to school on a coast and I cant imagine Nebraska would have a good maritime program.
If you really are someone that wants entertainment law and you have considered all the other above factors. Then look at the course schedules for these schools if Cardozo offers 12 units of entertainment law or a certificate then use that as a tiebreaker over Brooklyn, but the reality is as other posters stated that you cant learn much from school. It will help and certainly if it is your absolute dream go for it. Unfortunately, a lot of incoming law students dont realize how competitive, unglamorous, and low-paying it can be. Again I dont know you or your situation you know better than anyone else how bad you want it or how little you know I cant speak for your and no anonymous poster can.
This is quite a long post, but I think it is important for incoming OLs to think about all the possibilities, I didnt and maybe I was just an idiot, but I dont think my situation was that unique. Good luck whatever you end up doing and hopefully some of it was helpful. Also remember I am nothing more than an anonymous internet poster and despite my good intentions everything I said could be 100% wrong.
Good luck
Re: Entertainment/Media Law Schools
Reply #11 on:
June 28, 2012, 07:59:15 AM »
Morganb, I had a 166 and 3.5 combo and attended 'SC. It stands to reason 'SC is a big entertainment/media school. It's down the road from Hollywood, nestled in South Central. Admittedly, the surrounding area looks like a barrio. It's ugly, run down, and there's hispanic language on the walls. However, the campus is rich and verdant. Some snidely remark that USC stands for the University of Spoiled Children. Perhaps that's the case. I kinda sorta got that vibe. Unfortunately, I dropped out before I hooked a trophy wife to a reel and spoiled myself a little bit. Maybe that's because I hadn't signed my life away to some fat cat law firm upon graduation with a five figure sign on bonus yet...
Why didn't I get a trophy wife? I was a law student at 'SC.
Now, I'm back on the LSAT track again. I have my sights set on a 170.
Re: Entertainment/Media Law Schools
Reply #12 on:
August 27, 2012, 01:11:53 PM »
It seems like being able to take these specific classes is important to you. However, I would point out that many of those in entertainment law picked up that specialty through their law school internship - which is really the best way to network and insure yourself a job when you're done with law school. Also, being near one of the entertainment city hubs may be the most important thing to consider.
Re: Entertainment/Media Law Schools
Reply #13 on:
September 26, 2012, 12:18:47 AM »
Where have you decided to go? I also agree with all the advice the guys gave you, you shouldn't give up on your dream but you should get more info from wherever you can.
Re: Entertainment/Media Law Schools
Reply #14 on:
October 25, 2012, 10:52:00 PM »
There is nothing to worry because it is for sure that some entertainment media courses must be there in syllabus in law schools.
Re: Entertainment/Media Law Schools
Reply #15 on:
October 29, 2012, 12:25:18 PM »
My focus is still up in the air. It will depend on what school I choose to attend. I'm applying in Boston, New York, DC, and LA, so entertainment is still on my list of interests. I realize the courses are of little importance now and will choose a school and focus based on scholarship options and opportunity. At this point I'm just waiting on my LSAT score from earlier this month. Damn you Hurricane Sandy.
Law School Discussion
Deciding Where to Go
Choosing the Right Law School
Entertainment/Media Law Schools


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After he saves the Village Chieftain's children from a wolf attack, Streble earns the respect of his entire village, proving he is worthy to make the voyage. What he experiences on the expedition including the supernatural encounter he will face alone forces a boy into manhood.
The Saga of Waillyrn Sound inspired by the Vinland Sagas, is a mythic adventure told in a time before magic was replaced by technology. A young man comes of age learning a basic truth reminding us all to be careful what we wish for. Sometimes we get what we ask for.
Streble packed the buck down a long ridgeline descending the mountain. He had nearly reached the bottom of the slope where the hills flattened out into farm fields, still two miles from the village, when a girl's frightened scream pierced the air.
The scream was close, coming from just over the rise to his right. Turning in that direction and taking a few steps brought him to the top of the ridge where he stopped, viewing the scene below.
A short distance away and first in line was an unattended horse hitched to a sled filled with logs, in frenzied flight headed toward the village being chased by wolves. Behind the runaway stood Kliven, servant of the village chieftain, swinging a sword attempting to ward off the attack of two other wolves. He stood alone in defense of the two people kneeling behind him in the snow.
As Streble topped the ridgeline, another larger wolf attacked the sword-bearer from behind. There was no time to shout a warning as the pack leader lunged through the air snatching Kliven at the back of the neck bringing the defender down.
The kneeling girl screamed again at the sound of Kliven's neck snapping as the three ravenous wolves began tearing the body apart. She buried her face in the chest of the boy at her side she was holding on to.
Streble threw the buck from his shoulders snatching the bow from its bindings as he ran down the short incline. He notched an arrow in his bow letting it fly while still on the run, dropping the first of the three predators. Arming the bow again, he lunged to a sudden stop glancing at the two people he placed himself in front of, then faced the wolves who acknowledged the new threat. In front were the predators, behind him sat Ragardson and Gudrid, brother and sister, children of the village chieftain.
The pack leader and its mate snarled at the intruder. For a brief moment, hunter and prey stood mute and unmoving staring each other down. The hunter saw hunger and intent in their eyes. The wolves took a few cautious steps towards him. At that moment it was uncertain just who was the hunter, and who the prey was.
The second wolf started moving with stealthy steps around Streble's side. He watched this one's slow prod from the corner of his eye. His focus was locked on the eyes of the pack leader that stood waiting. Whether he shot the creeping wolf on the left, or the pack leader he faced, there would be no time to replace the spent shaft before the remaining wolf attacked.
Streble would not let circumstances dictate the outcome of the showdown. With a rapid shift of the eye he sent his arrow into the creeping wolf on his left. The arrow lodged in its neck and the wolf dropped kicking and scraping the snow with it paws in dying agony.
Once the arrow left the bow, the pack leader lunged at Streble's chest. The hunter dropped the bow and to his knees simultaneously. Going under the leaping pack leader, he ducked his head reaching for the dagger at his back. Gudrid screamed again. The pack leader was going to land in her lap.
How did you start your writing career?
When I was in the sixth grade, a friend and I started writing action scenes about a squad of U. S. Marines in the Pacific during WW II. First one then the other would write a scene, the other would pick up the action carrying the story forward. I don't think we ever finished the story but it was enough to keep the girls we sat next to interested in what we were doing.
Later in life I spent a year and a half stationed in
Tell us about your current release.
The idea for The Saga of Waillyrn Sound came after reading the Vinland Sagas published by Penquin Classics. Did the Vikings who discovered
Waillyrn Sound mixes these questions with Edgar Allan Poe's Descent Into the Maelstrom when Streble Helmkin, a Viking lad of sixteen takes his first voyage to distant shores. What Streble experiences on that voyage, including the supernatural encounter he will face alone will test his courage and turn a boy into a man.
Tell us about your next release.
I'm currently working on a novel-length manuscript tentatively titled, Cast A Wicked Spell. Johnny Ace wrote the song, Pledging My Love wherein he states his love will last always and forever.
Valeric Ashton pledges his love to Sharla Dubain, two lovers in
Who is your favorite author?
There are several that include Edgar Allan Poe, Mark Twain, Ernest Heminway, Dashiell Hammett, Raymond Chandler, Stephen King, and Dean Koontz. Today I read everything I can get my hands on by Michael Connelly and James Lee Burke.
What was one of the most surprising things you learned while writing your books?
You know you've got something really good going when one of the characters in your story takes over the writing and begins to write their own story.
What do you think makes a good story?
Quick-paced action mingled with surprise plot twists. Character conflict supported by contrast, hardships they face, and obstacles overcome.
If you were to write a series of novels, what would it be about?
Originally perceived, The Saga Of Waillyrn Sound would become a three-part novel. The first part written and published on Amazon's Kindle is Streble Helmkin's first voyage into the sound filled with potential catastrophic destruction. The Saga of the
Do you have any suggestions for beginning writers? If so, what are they?
I've learned from a very good professional writer and an excellent instructor that if you want to be a writer you must; read a lot, write a lot, and hang out with other writers. If there's a writer's group in your area, join it. If not, check out the groups online – there are several – and don't be afraid to contribute. Seek out and participate in critique groups. Don't take their criticism of your writing personally or take offense at what they say or the ideas they have to offer. It's been my experience to note that serious writers are a friendly sort of people who are willing to help you with your work. Most importantly, write something every day. This can only improve your skills moving you forward in your work and your desire to write.
I've been asked several times over the years, "Were you born in a barn?" The answer quite simply is no, I was not born in a barn, but most assuredly, I grew up in one. I was born on a
dairy farm in the last year Harry Truman was president. This made me the perfect age to be heavily influenced by Beatlemania. Utah
The four lads from
Liverpool had a dramatic effect on my life. After graduating from high school, I won the lottery spending the next year and a half living near at the behest of the U. S. Army. The letters I wrote home started turning into novellas. The first of these, October Night's Feast was published by Vantage Press in 1982. Nuremburg, Germany
Today I live, work and still write novellas in Northwest Montana's
. Flathead Valley


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Photos by: Yoshi Sudarso Jacket by: Paige Denim Shirt by: Rhythm USA Pants by: Pacsun Bracelet by: Alex Kang Shoes by: Palladium Boots
Hey lovelies! Spring is almost upon us! I know I keep saying it, but that's because I'm actually super stoked! What better way to greet spring than to bring on the flowers? Many people dislike wearing floral because...well idk really, they must be crazy. Cause floral's probably one of my favorite accented details. Here, pairing it with a black denim jacket and black denim pants, I easily tone down the feminine feel that the floral shirt gives off.
Suitable for:
Concerts. Hanging out with friends/casual outings. Hipster type attire. Art shows. Active camouflage on your grandma's sofa. Hikes.
Not suitable for:
Fancy dinner dates. Business meetings (unless if you're some sort of performer or artist). People who hate floral. Running alone at night in the middle of the street (you'll get hit by a car). Fighting a bear. Karate tournament.


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Search our database of handpicked sites
Looking for a great physics site? We've tracked down the very best and checked them for accuracy. Just fill out the fields below and we'll do the rest.
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Faking Mayhem
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How do 3D films work?
What is proton therapy?
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Could your phone harm your health?
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Are lightsabers possible?
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Are we really all made of stardust?
How Blue Screen Special Effects Work
Explains how Blue Screen Special Effects for television and movies work. From HowStuffWorks.com.
The Doppler Effect
A short film explaining the Doppler effect in simple, easy to understand terms. Nominated for the SciCast competition.
This is a site from the Thinkquest competition with good explanations on the magnetic effect of a current, the motor effect and magnetic field strength.
The Zeeman Effect
Explanation, with diagrams, of the Zeeman Effect which relates to atomic energy levels and spectral lines.
The Doppler effect
An explanation of the Doppler effect, which occurs whenever the source of waves (eg sound) is moving with respect to an observer.
Meissner Effect
Simple definition of the Meissner effect, as relating to superconducting material. Part of a larger site which includes many definitions and links.
An Example of the Doppler Effect
Java applet (part of a wider site) which illustrates the Doppler effect for sound, giving the example of a passing ambulance siren.
The Leidenfrost Effect (video)
The Leidenfrost effect explains why water sometimes 'rolls' off a hot plate or frying pan, and how some experts can dip their hands into liquid nitrogen or even molten lead without hurting themselves
Hyperphysics - Mossbauer Effect
Description of the Mossbauer effect and absorption in Ir-191, with application to gravitational red shift.
How planes fly - The Coanda effect
An experiment to show the Coanda effect along with a short explanation of why and how aeroplanes fly.


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Bobby Cox began his role as the eighth Commissioner of the Indiana High School Athletic Association in 2011. Prior to that appointment, he had served as assistant commissioner since 2000 administering the sports of football, boys' golf, boys' and girls' track and field, and wrestling. Previously, Cox was a member of the National Federation of State High School Associations (NFHS) Football Rules Committee serving as the Chairman of the Research subcommittee from 2008-2011. Additionally, Cox served as a member of the NFHS Coaches' Education committee from 2002-2006 and as an advisor to the Commission on Sports Medicine of the Indiana State Medical Association.
Prior to joining the IHSAA, Cox had spent the previous 21 years as a teacher, coach, and athletic administrator in the Carmel Clay Schools. He served as athletics and activities director at Clay Junior High from 1990-97, and as the athletic director at Carmel High School from 1997-2000. At Carmel High School, his responsibilities included management of 54 athletic teams and 97 coaches who annually served more than 1,100 student athletes. During his tenure as Carmel High School athletic director, he served as the host administrator for numerous IHSAA tournament events, including the cross country and softball state finals.
Professionally, Cox has also earned the designation of Certified Athletic Administrator by the National Interscholastic Athletic Administrators Association.
Cox is a 1975 graduate of Carmel High School, where he participated in cross country and track and field. He earned a bachelor's degree in physical education and health from Butler University in 1979 and a master's degree in secondary education from Butler in 1987
Cox and his wife, Kathy, the former athletic director at Clay Middle School, reside in Carmel.
9150 Meridian Street (MAP)
P.O. Box 40650
Indianapolis, Indiana 46240
Phone: 317-846-6601
Fax: 317-575-4244


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Leadership Starts with You!
The best leaders are those who know they don't have all the answers. It's not enough to just have leadership abilities. As your level of responsibility increases, you must constantly work to boost your level of leadership skills. To do so, you have to start with an honest assessment of those areas where you are strong and those that need some work.
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Managing Communications During Customer-Impacting Incidents
No matter how you prepare, you never know how or when it will begin. The phone rings and sixty seconds later a sense of dread emerges. It grows slowly, peaking just as you hang up the phone. Sitting back in your chair, you take a deep breath and turn your mind to all the customers, executives, and journalists who will soon know what you know.
You and I both have a sense of the work involved in managing customer-impacting data exposures, privacy breaches, or malicious attacks. These are high pressure, high profile incidents that demand the very best response team—a team that includes technical and non-technical expertise.
Working as I do with Cisco security and incident response teams, I sit alongside some great people who understand the value of having a professional communicator at the table. With a technical response underway, the communicator can do what they do best—summarize the topic, identify impacted audiences, assess their needs, and craft the required messaging. Regardless of their department—public relations, employee communications, customer communications, or marketing—these people will be critical to sustaining customer relationships and protecting your organization's reputation.
Having provided communications advice to companies across a variety of industries, the Cisco team asked for my thoughts on managing incident communications. Here are some general principles that will support a positive business and communications response:
- Customers Come First—Although every incident is unique, placing your customers' interests ahead of your own is an investment in maintaining a constructive conversation and strong relationship.
- Accept No Delay—The clock starts the moment you learn of the incident, so waste no time in understanding the facts, launching a response, and beginning notifications. You will have to explain the full timeline to your own executives and the customer.
- Implement The Fix—Communications can build trust and understanding, but won't make customer conversations any easier if the underlying issue is ongoing. Ensure a trusted team is working on the fix, as actions will always speak louder than words.
- Own The Issue—Although there may be multiple parties involved, your customers will expect you to own the incident and the response. Trying to share or avoid blame is almost always counterproductive.
Hopefully you'll never be part of a high profile incident response, but preparing for one is still the responsible thing to do. If you haven't already, consider adding to your team a professional communicator with the right skills, tools, and temperament. You, and your customers, may be glad you did.
In an effort to keep conversations fresh, Cisco Blogs closes comments after 60 days. Please visit the Cisco Blogs hub page for the latest content.
1 Comments
Dr. Jose A. Wong - Perez
…Excellent information, and I agree 100 % with the four principles (They are applicable to diferent industries as well)…thanks for sharing it. Regards from PR.


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Many of you have heard about (and a small percentage of you may have been affected by) the re-reporting of scores from the October 2005 administration of the SAT. (If you were affected by this, the College Board has already contacted you with details.) The re-reporting of scores occurred because of a technical problem related to answer sheets and scanning. To ensure that this problem does not happen again, the College Board (through their vendor, Pearson Educational Measurement) will:
Click here for current score availability dates.
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Karl Rove came to the heart of Manhattan last night to rhapsodize about the decline of liberalism in politics, saying Democrats responded weakly to Sept. 11 and had placed American troops in greater danger by criticizing their actions.
"Conservatives saw the savagery of 9/11 in the attacks and prepared for war; liberals saw the savagery of the 9/11 attacks and wanted to prepare indictments and offer therapy and understanding for our attackers," Mr. Rove, the senior political adviser to President Bush, said at a fund-raiser in Midtown for the Conservative Party of New York State.
Citing calls by progressive groups to respond carefully to the attacks, Mr. Rove said to the applause of several hundred audience members, "I don't know about you, but moderation and restraint is not what I felt when I watched the twin towers crumble to the ground, a side of the Pentagon destroyed, and almost 3,000 of our fellow citizens perish in flames and rubble."
Told of Mr. Rove's remarks, Senator Charles E. Schumer, Democrat of New York, replied: "In New York, where everyone unified after 9/11, the last thing we need is somebody who seeks to divide us for political purposes."
Mr. Rove also said American armed forces overseas were in more jeopardy as a result of remarks last week by Senator Richard J. Durbin, Democrat of Illinois, who compared American mistreatment of detainees to the acts of "Nazis, Soviets in their gulags, or some mad regime -- Pol Pot or others."
"Has there ever been a more revealing moment this year?" Mr. Rove asked. "Let me just put this in fairly simple terms: Al Jazeera now broadcasts the words of Senator Durbin to the Mideast, certainly putting our troops in greater danger. No more needs to be said about the motives of liberals."Continue reading the main story
Gov. George E. Pataki of New York, speaking after Mr. Rove, also touched on the Sept. 11 attacks. He promised that the proposed Freedom Tower, the new building at ground zero, would retain patriotic touches in its architecture, like a height of 1,776 feet, despite the concerns of some observers who fear that it would become a target for terrorists.Continue reading the main story


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Primark jumper / Zara culottes (sold out) / ASOS loafers (similar)
Oops, these last two weeks have been such a whirlwind that I forgot to put this post up! This Primark jumper was a steal and it's so so soft, it's become my go-to because a lot of my jumpers can be a bit itchy or generally aren't as comfy. This jumper is a lovely material and I think it was only around £12.
I hope you had a wonderful Christmas and have a fab NY!
x G


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Yorkshire Forward Closure
Yorkshire Forward is the Regional Development Agency (RDA) for Yorkshire and Humber. As one of nine RDAs in England, we were established in 1999 to transform the English regions through sustainable economic development.
Following the Government's decision to abolish Regional Development Agencies by April 2012, we have worked closely with public and private sector bodies in region to manage the transition of our responsibilities, prior to our closure.
We remain supportive of the economic recovery and future growth of Yorkshire and Humber and are keen to work closely with our partners to help them understand the functions, projects and activities which we currently manage and deliver.
We will endeavour to keep staff, stakeholders, partners and suppliers up to date with developments throughout this transitional stage.
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2012 Olympic contracts
100's of millions of pounds worth of contracts to supply the 2012 Olympic Games still up for grabs!


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4s unlocked a badge!
Rye It Up!
Rye isn't just for liquor anymore and many breweries are proving this with delicious rye-style variants. With a unique mix of flavors and bitterness, it'll keep you coming back for more. Try 5 more for Level 2!
Sun, 12 May 2019 12:41:52 +0000


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Engelman to Step Down as Worldwatch Institute President
Will Continue at Worldwatch as Senior Fellow; Board Chair Ed Groark Will Be Acting President
Washington, D.C.—Worldwatch Institute President Robert Engelman has announced his decision to step down as head of the pioneering environmental research organization. Engelman will become a Senior Fellow at Worldwatch and return to the environmental and population research and writing he has pursued for much of his career.
Engelman informed the leadership of the Institute's Board of Directors last fall of his intention to resign at an appropriate time in 2014.
"With several new projects beginning or in the wings this year at Worldwatch, including an especially exciting one that supports my own research, this is the right moment to make this transition," Engelman said. He will serve as President until March 15, 2014, at which time Board Chair Ed Groark will become Acting President of the Institute. The Board intends to begin a search for a permanent President at a later date.
As a Senior Fellow, Engelman will work to build partnerships with researchers in developing countries to assess scientific evidence on the links between family planning, population dynamics, and environmental sustainability.
Engelman is a veteran researcher, author, and former newspaper reporter who served as Worldwatch's Vice President for Programs from early 2007 to mid-2011, when he succeeded Christopher Flavin as President. Groark, who founded and led information technology service companies, is a long-time member of the Board. He took on the chairmanship in 2011 in an integrated leadership transition with Engelman at Worldwatch.
"Bob stepped up at a challenging time and distinguished himself as a leader, working closely and well with the Board in managing Worldwatch's development and program," Groark said. "We're delighted that he will continue to contribute to the Institute through his ongoing research."
Under Engelman's leadership, the Institute focused much of its work on the development of Sustainable Energy Roadmaps in the Caribbean and Central America, as well as its ongoing programs in food and agriculture, population and gender, and cultural transformation for sustainability. Forging a new partnership with Washington, D.C.-based Island Press, the Institute continued its signature book series State of the World, including the popular 2013 edition, subtitled Is Sustainability Still Possible? The 2014 edition, focused on Governing for Sustainability, will be released in late April. Worldwatch has also continued regular publication of Vital Signs, its long-running feature on environmental and related social trends posted online and compiled in annual books.
"It has been a unique privilege to lead this critically needed research institute, one of the organizations I've most admired since I first encountered its insightful work on sustainability in the early 1980s," Engelman said. "I look forward to supporting and contributing to the work of Ed Groark, the Institute's Board, and its talented staff while I pursue my own research and writing at Worldwatch."Founded by Lester Brown 40 years ago this year, the Worldwatch Institute applies research, analysis, storytelling, and outreach to inform and inspire a shift to a sustainable global civilization that meets human needs. A survey sponsored by the University of Pennsylvania recently ranked the Institute as one of the world's top three environmental think tanks.
Notes to Editors:
For more information, please contact Supriya Kumar at firstname.lastname@example.com.
About the Worldwatch Institute:
Worldwatch is an independent research organization based in Washington, D.C. that works on energy, resource, and environmental issues. The Institute's State of the World report is published annually in more than a dozen languages. For more information, visit www.worldwatch.org.


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This is where the Tour really begins as the roads head upwards into the high passes of the Pyrenees. Leaving the city of Toulouse, the course heads south and east over a number of small hills, until it reaches Luchon where the climbing really starts. The two first category Cols de Peyresourde and Aspin are not the toughest climbs of the Tour, but both are tough enough to punish anyone who isn't on top form. The descent to the finish though, should mean that any gaps between the contenders will be small.
Bagnères-de-Bigorre features on the Tour route on a regular basis, sitting as it does at the foot of the infamous Col du Tourmalet, which the race tackles tomorrow, but has only been a start or finish town nine times before. Recently, the town has tended to feature as a start town, rather than a finish. The last time was that incredible day in 2003 when Lance Armstrong took stage victory at Luz-Ardiden. He stormed away to win alone after being brought down by a spectator's bag at the foot of the final climb, the incident leading to the "did Ullrich wait" debate that kept internet chat rooms buzzing for years afterwards.
Images ©:ASO/Cyclingnews


text: Turn your system into an ultimate gaming platform with ASUS EN8800GTS! - The hottest 3D game: Ghost Recon & RACE THE WTCC- HDCP Compliant- Support for Microsoft® Direct X®10.0 and Shader Model 4.0 Shop Modal header Turn your system into an ultimate gaming platform with ASUS EN8800GTS! ASUS Exclusive Innovations HDCP Compliant: Allow playback of HD DVD, Blu-Ray Disc and other protected content at full HDresolutionsBuilt for Microsoft® Windows Vista™ ASUS Splendid: Watching movies on PC is as good as on Top-of-the-line consumer televisionASUS Video Security Online: Keep an eye on your home at all times no matter where you areASUS Game LiveShow: Stream live gaming action onto the internet and share with other gaming enthusiastASUS Game Replay: Recording gaming action and strategy into MPEG4 files to share with other gaming enthusiastASUS Game FaceMessenger:Easy IM and live game conference in any PC gamesASUS Gamer OSD: Chat and over clocking during games Graphics GPU Features NVIDIA® GeForce 8800GTSBuilt for Microsoft® Windows Vista™ NVIDIA SLI™Technology ready NVIDIA® unified architecture with GigaThread™ technologyFull support for Microsoft DirectX10 and Shader Model 4.0 enables stunning and complex special effects OpenGL®2.0 support NVIDIA® Quantum Effects™ Technology True 128-bit floating point high dynamic-range (HDR) lighting Two dual-link DVI outputs support two 2560x1600 resolution displays I/O SpecificationsPCI-Express HDCP Compliant TV-OutHDTV-out Dual DVI-IVGA


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The PEAK Club wishes to thank everyone who participated in this year's event, including our sponsors. A special thanks goes out to Curt Kunzman at Best Cabinets for crafting our one-of-a-kind medals.
Valentine's Run Results Now Available
Click On Valentine's Run Link
Club Mission
The mission of the PEAK Club is to advance the professional development of PEAK Majors by supporting participation in professional conferences at the state and national level. The club is also dedicated to the development of health and wellness in Kern County through promoting and assisting community physical fitness activities.
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Scotty McCreery Performs 'Water Tower Town' on 'American Idol'
'American Idol' Season 10 winner Scotty McCreery returned to the stage tonight (March 29) to perform his twangy, uptempo single 'Water Tower Town.' It feels like only yesterday that the singer was competing in the thick of the competition each and every week. Now, with a hit record and hard-earned status as a country superstar, McCreery really has grown by leaps and bounds in the space of a year.
Looking much like he did in 2011, in dark jeans and a black button-down shirt, McCreery cruised through the song effortlessly. He engaged the crowd and the judge's panel, performing behind the trio for a minute or so. He's such a natural performer and it showed tonight. America did not make any sort of mistake when it crowned him the winner 10 months ago.
After McCreery's performance, host Ryan Seacrest ad-libbed Josh Turner's 'Your Man' when he gave McCreery a hug, nodding to the singer's audition song and the lyric ("Baby lock the doors / And turn the lights down low") that started it all.
Show mentor Jimmy Iovine came on the stage to present McCreery with a platinum plaque for his album 'Clear as Day,' which means it has sold a million copies. Iovine, a longtime industry exec, acknowledged that for an artist to have a platinum certification on their debut release in this day and age is nothing short of herculean.
Things really have come full circle for McCreery, who is one of the most successful Idols in the show's history. Congrats on your success, Scotty!
Watch Scotty McCreery Perform on 'American Idol'


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This week, Fringe goes glam. Also, is Chuck finally putting Timothy Dalton in his place? Find out tonight! Plus Mena Suvari is a supervillain on The Cape. Smallville and Supernatural are really back. And Titanic gets the sequel it deserves.
Scooby Doo: Mystery Inc. comes back from its hiatus at 7 PM on Cartoon Network, with "Mystery Solvers Club State Finals."
There's a new Chuck at 8 PM on NBC, and it looks like this one is the big deal everyone's been waiting for — with Casey still recuperating from his fall, Chuck decides to take on Volkoff by himself. And meanwhile, Sarah tries to extricate Chuck's mom from Volkoff's organization once and for all. Plus Chuck's niece may be arriving early.
Also at 8, there's a new Adventure Time with Finn and Jake on Cartoon Network. That's followed by a new Regular Show at 8:15.
The Cape is on NBC at 9 PM. The ARK Corporation is preparing to unveil a device that could transform Palm City forever — but this being The Cape, the young genius who invented the device decides to put on a costume and call herself "Dice." Yes, Dice. No, it's not an Andrew Dice Clay tribute — we think. Dice (Mena Suvari) wants to kill Chess in revenge for Chess' role in her father's death. So the Cape has to defend Chess from Dice, so the Cape's own bid for justice isn't thwarted. How can this not be excellent? There are some pretty great pics of Suvari (and the circus gang) here. And here are four sneak peeks:
Also on at 9 PM: Syfy's remake of the British show Being Human, with "Some Thing To Watch Over Me."
Aidan and Josh decide to invite the neighbors over to what appears to be a house-warming. Sally informs them that they have officially invited all of her least favorite neighbors to their house for a neighborhood watch party, but too bad she can't tell the neighbors to their face. Josh thought it was merely a get-together and enters his usual unnerved self when he hears it's a neighborhood watch party. Aidan tries to explain that if they want to be normal they have to get involved, and this is getting involved.
Here's a sneak peek:
Syfy has a marathon of Star Trek: Enterprise all day long. Get some blue corn chips and watch some Andorians!
Also, here's a movie pick: The Quick and the Dead, airing at 5:30 PM on AMC, isn't actually science fiction — but the Western is a good object lesson in how to do a genre film with a female protagonist without ending up with Catwoman or Invasion.
Once again, there's no new No Ordinary Family.
But there's a new V at 9 PM on ABC. Three Peace Ambassadors are murdered — so expect lots of hand-wringing over how far is too far to go when fighting a covert alien invasion. And meanwhile, Erica and Father Jack try to enlist the Vatican's support in their fight against the aliens. That is going to go well. Here's a sneak peek. The Youtube user has more where this one came from.
Three dueling marathons: the History Channel is showing MonsterQuest episodes all day long, while Syfy has a long bloc of the post-apocalyptic show Jericho. And then there's Encore, which is showing Bill Murray's Groundhog Day all day long, from midnight until after midnight Thursday morning. Yes, that's right. They're repeating Groundhog Day over and over, for 24 hours. It's pure genius. The fact that it's Encore doing it only makes this better.
There's a new Sym-Bionic Titan at 7 PM on the Cartoon Network — a new day and time for this show from Genndy Tartakovsky.
Nova ScienceNow is on most PBS stations at 8 PM, and they're asking the question, "How Does the Brain Work?"
And then at 9 PM, there's the plain vanilla Nova, in which host David Pogue looks at "green" materials that will build and power your devices in the future — including batteries grown from viruses, plastic made out of sugar, and solar cells that make hydrogen.
And if that's not enough science for you, the History Channel also has Bigfoot: The Definitive Guide at 9 PM.
At 11 PM, SOAPNet has another episode of Being Erica, "Moving On Up."
There's a new outing of The Vampire Diaries at 8 PM on The CW. Nobody's happy to see John Gilbert, except maybe the David Anders fan club. Meanwhile, Caroline talks Stefan into having a word with Tyler about that whole "we killed your uncle" thing. Bonnie has an unsettling conversation with Jonas. And Jules takes a hostage.
Or you could also watch a new Big Bang Theory, at 8 PM on CBS, "The Thespian Catalyst." Or a new Community at 8 PM on NBC, in which the gang plays Dungeons and Dragons.
Also at 8 PM, National Geographic has a new Naked Science.
And there's a new Nikita at 9 PM on The CW, in which Alex gets her first real assignment.
At 10 PM, there's another episode of superspy spoof Archer, on FX, "A Going Concern." Mallory loses all her money in a Ponzi scheme, so she has to sell ISIS to a rival spy agency run by Jeffrey Tambor. Awesome!
Also at 10 PM: the first season finale of Brad Meltzer's Decoded on the History Channel.
At 7 PM, Cartoon Network has a new Young Justice, "Schooled":
Superboy's anger over his non-relationship with Superman is getting out of control. He refuses to train with Black Canary, and when The Team faces an opponent that even the Justice League had trouble defeating, the Boy of Steel goes rogue.
So remember how we told you there were new episodes of Smallville and Supernatural last Friday? We weren't just trying to yank your chain — we really thought those shows were back, until The CW had a sudden change of heart. Which means we can just cut and paste what we wrote about those shows last week, since we're getting the episodes we were supposed to see a few days ago. So here goes...
At 8 PM, there's an all-new Smallville, featuring the return of Chloe:
Clark (Tom Welling), Oliver (Justin Hartley), Lois (Erica Durance) and Dinah (guest star Alaina Huffman) are released by the VRA after being captured at Hawkman's funeral but each of them have flashbacks of Chloe (Allison Mack) holding them against their will. When Chloe returns, Dinah warns the others that Chloe may now be a traitor. Oliver dismisses her concerns but Clark is unsure if he can trust Chloe after she disappeared without an explanation.
Also at 8 PM, TMC has the cable TV premiere of 2009's Knowing, a film in which Nic Cage plays a college physics professor who — oh sorry, the suspension of disbelief already went out the window. Anyway, there's a time capsule from the 1950s and it has a piece of paper with numbers on it, and those numbers pertain to EVERY DISASTER IN THE WORLD for the past 50 years. Including one very, very large disaster that's coming soon. It's the film that wishes it could be 2012. That's followed by a film with the delightful title of Deep Shock, in which The Cape's Keith David faces off against a giant mutant eel.
At 8:30 PM, there's another new Star Wars: The Clone Wars on the Cartoon Network, "Altar of Mortis."
As the Jedi attempt to escape Mortis, Ahsoka is taken captive as a lure to seduce Anakin Skywalker to join the dark side. As Anakin battles against dark forces, the Father attempts to stop a confrontation between his children, which threatens to unbalance the Force completely.
And then at 9 PM, there's a new Fringe on Fox. The good news is, the second Fringe airing on Friday nights continued to have strong ratings, so the best science fiction show currently airing on television could actually have a brighter future than any of us dared hope. This week, a man dies after ingesting a mysterious blue powder — could it be a return to "mystery of the week" territory after two fairly arc-heavy episodes?
And then meanwhile, there's also a new Supernatural on The CW at 9. How is Sam going to cope with getting his soul back? We may have to wait to find out, until Dean takes care of a monster that's killing virgins:
Dean (Jensen Ackles) and Bobby (Jim Beaver) anxiously wait for Sam (Jared Padalecki) to wake up to see if Death (guest star Julian Richings) was able to restore his soul without causing Sam to lose his mind. Meanwhile, Dean and Bobby investigate a disappearance of virgins and discover dragons are behind the kidnappings. Bobby sends Dean to a doctor who owns the only weapon in the world that can slay a dragon, but Dean must prove himself worthy enough to take it.
At 10 PM, there's a new (to Americans) episode of Merlin on Syfy.
There's also a new Onion News Network on IFC at 10 PM, "Man-Horse Marriage."
Also at 10 PM: a new Spartacus: Gods of the Arena on Starz.
Did you think that it was impossible to make a sequel to James Cameron's Titanic? Sink again!
This Saturday, Syfy brings you Titanic 2. No, Leo and Kate aren't in it. But there's a new ship, that's once again unsinkable — until the worst case scenario becomes real. From The Asylum, creators of Terminators and Transmorphers, comes this proof that your heart really will go on. Probably. This film has been out on DVD for a while, but now it premieres on Syfy at 9 PM. And yes, someone really does say, "Looks like history's repeating itself."
Adult Swim is showing a new Robot Chicken at 11:45 PM: "Malcolm X: Fully Loaded." That's followed by a new Mongo Wrestling Alliance at midnight.
Sources: Seattle Times TV section, TV Squad, and Futon Critic


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Story highlights
- Barcelona defender Eric Abidal to have surgery to replace liver in coming weeks
- French international had surgery to remove a tumor on his liver last March
- Abidal should be able to play top-level football again if surgery is successful, says U.S. transplant surgeon
Barcelona defender Eric Abidal is to undergo surgery to replace his liver, according to a statement released on the Spanish club's website on Thursday.
"During the next few weeks, the player will undergo a liver transplant as a result of the progress of his liver disease," the statement said.
"A transplant was considered an option from the start of his treatment a year ago. At the express wishes of the player, the Club asks that the maximum respect for the player's privacy be observed."
The 32-year-old Frenchman underwent surgery to remove a tumor on his liver last March, but recovered in time to appear in the Champions League final against Manchester United two months later.
Barcelona club captain Carles Puyol described the news of Abibal's impending surgery as "a heavy blow" at a press conference Thursday.
"It was an unpleasant surprise. Eric was there with us and afterwards we spoke with him, but what we said will be staying amongst ourselves," Puyol said, FCBarcelona.com reported.
"It's really him who has lifted us -- he's so strong as he showed last season and I'm sure he'll show that again now...things like this bring us all closer together."
Dr Stuart Knechtle, a liver transplant specialist from Emory University School of Medicine in Atlanta, says Abidal has a good chance of returning to top-level football in the future.
"Assuming it all goes well, he should be able to compete. There are other examples of athletes that have competed at international level after liver transplantation," Knechtle told CNN's World Sport.
Knechtle highlighted the cases of Chris Klug, a U.S. Olympic snowboarder who competed after his liver transplant in 2000 and former NBA star Alonzo Mourning who also returned to action after a kidney transplant in 2003.
The transplant is a highly complex procedure which will require intensive medical care, says Knechtle, but after an initial recovery period Abidal should be able to recover his strength.
"He will need to take medication twice a day for the rest of his life. He will, especially in the early period, require multiple doctor's visits, but that should gradually taper off over time."


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Pakistan's Growing Pains
Following recent flooding in Pakistan, Asia Society Associate Fellow Ayesha Haroon appealed for international aid after top US envoy Richard Holbrooke's visit to the Asia Society in New York last week.
"Soon it'll be winter throughout the country," Haroon said. "The government and the aid agencies will have to start thinking of the medium run, even while they evacuate stranded people, so that people do not die of hunger, cold, and lack of hope."
Five million Pakistanis have no shelter, and urgently need tents or plastic sheeting to protect them from the sun. More recently, however, some 200,000 people have been evacuated in the Thatta area of Sindh province, where dozens of villages are in fear of renewed monsoon rains.
Doctors in many areas are struggling to cope with the spread of water-borne diseases such as diarrhoea and cholera. The task of coping with disease and urgent humanitarian needs across Pakistan is being made more difficult by the sheer number of people cut off by the floods.
As if the country's tumultuous times could not get worse, Asia Society Bernard Schwartz Fellow Hassan Abbas said Pakistan began discussions with the IMF for loans to prepare for this long-term challenge, but the approach is being criticized by opposition forces in the country. In addition, he explained, "In the midst of all this debate, a leading political figure, Altaf Hussain, leader of MQM, has surprised everyone by declaring that he will welcome military takeover by 'patriotic generals' if they will eliminate feudalistic and corrupt politicians. Pakistan can ill afford any such adventure as the model has been tried on four occasions in the 63-year checkered history of Pakistan and it failed miserably on every occasion."
The World Food Programme says it already has enough food in Pakistan to feed six million people for a month, but distribution has been hampered by a lack of resources and the country's shattered infrastructure. Moreover, a corrupt government, a fear of aid landing in the wrong hands, and alleged donor fatigue when the name "Pakistan" comes up may be factors as well.
According to an article just published on ForeignPolicy.com, "Twenty million people are now struggling to find a dry place to sleep, a morsel of food to eat, a sip of clean water to drink—and the questions we are asking have to do with politics and international security. The problem is not in Pakistan. It is where those questions are coming from."
Watch the flood's destruction:


text: Mactac AFT range consists of unsupported pressure sensitive adhesive systems for assembling and mounting operations requiring very high bonding properties. Those free films are made of a thick layer of Acrylic Foam Adhesive ranging from 500 to 1500 µ. They offer very high tack and extremely high adhesion and shear properties. Mactac Acrylic Foam Tapes are produced in self-wound format on PE filmic liners.Mactac Acrylic Foam Tapes are ideal for applications where high tack and extremely high bond are required : e.g. heavy POS displays, demanding indoor or outdoor applications in Building applications, cladding , fixation of structural windows, in the Automotive industry and many other applications.


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The first one is from dRjOn. It was taken in Scotland at the start of the West Highland Way. Jon visited the shop in 2008 while he was out for the Single Speed World Championships in Napa.
The following two were taken by Randall D. Williams. Randall was visiting from Sioux City, IA. He came in one Saturday morning and we talked about Sioux City as I had toured on my bike through there (stayed the night there as well) in 1989 as part of a cross-country bike trip. The first one is taken from Abbott's Lagoon.
This is of Tomales Bay looking north.
Thanks to both Jon and Randall for e-mailing the photos and for permission to use them.
(What's playing: Joe Jackson Fools In Love)


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Click a hotspot above to explore Honda innovation
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Product Description
This personalised Red Bus Oval Door Plaque has a durable gloss finish and comes pre-drilled with two holes for easy mounting. Placing a face, age and a name on the illustration gives this personalised photo gift an extra special quality you won't find anywhere else.
Measures Approx: 150 mm x 90 mm


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tap, tap, poke
"This is interesting....."
Poke, scrape, tap
"Hmmm, I've never seen this before"
"You doing OK, Apple? Good!"
"It's blue! I've never seen it turn blue before Patty, have you?"
scrape, scrape, poke
Now I'm sure there is a second root, let me try drilling a bit more."
"Found it!!! We'll get it cleaned out and you'll be all set."
scrape, twist, scrape, scrape, squirt
"As long as we have to let the medicine sit for a few minutes we'll go ahead and fix the one on the other side. How you doing OK? Now don't close!"
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
I was in the chair for two full hours and he was right, I never felt a thing! I had the initial root canal back in mid December and he couldn't find the second root. He put something in there to soften it up and I gather that was what turned blue. I had to cancel my last appointment due to snow. Meanwhile I broke a tooth. I like my dentist and he is very good but I hope not to see him again until my next cleaning.


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There's nothing better than coming home after another trying day of life itself, only to be greeted by a wagging tail and sloppy kisses the minute you cross over the threshold. When the rest of the world seems out of place and cruel, it's nice to know you can come home to an animal that passes no judgement and doesn't care if your hair looks awful, your clothes don't fit or you're just having a total bitchy day. While any other human in the world might think you're a hot mess, dogs will forever think you're the most wonderful person on the face of the planet.
My dog, Dixie, is no different. Although there are times when she chews my socks or the corners of our throw pillows, ultimately she never fails at turning my frown upside down. For a long time, I couldn't get over her energy. Being an English Pointer, she's born to hunt and run for miles and miles on end. Tiring her out is nearly impossible. Don't get me wrong, she can be a bigger couch potato than my husband and I put together, but when she has pent up energy…look out!
Since I've taken up running, I wanted to find a way to include her. In the past, I had tried holding the leash, but running isn't enjoyable when you're arm is being tugged out of it's socket because you're dog wants to go faster and you are in no where near as good of shape as your pet (sad to admit it). I would get so frustrated trying to keep her from dragging me down the street. I tried harnesses, I tried gentle leaders, I tried it all. Finally, I got frustrated and called it a day and went for my runs solo.
Then I found this lovely device called a hands-free leash. Basically, it's a belt that goes around your waist and allows the dog's leash to attach to it. This allows you to pump your arms or change the song on your ipod without having to putz around with a leash in your hand. Also, you have more leverage if your dog does decide to yank you down the street. There are many types online and range from $20-30 dollars on average. Some have bungee cord-like attachments to further prevent pulling. Mine hooks up to my retractable leash and I use a no-pull harness which seems to be a perfect combination, along with the belt.
This makes running with my dog a breeze and I'm now enjoying her company and learning from her in ways I could never have imagined. Watching her prance down the sidewalk and stopping only momentarily to look at the occasional squirrel or goose in the parks; I see her in her element and I remember all of the reasons I began to run.
Of course, I want to be in shape, but there's a freeing quality about hitting the pavement. There's a connection being built between myself, the dog and the world around me. I'm not thinking about what I need to do tomorrow or the next day. I'm not concerned with homework or housework, bills or paychecks. My mind is dedicated to the moment itself.
When I come home and I am not in the mood for a run, I see my dog laying on the couch looking at me with eyes that are begging to go sniff some random patch of grass and stretch her long, gangily legs. Suddenly, I'm motivated to lace up my shoes. These are usually the days when I forgive myself if I'm not reaching any kind of PR or going quite as hard as I planned. I remember to relax and in the end I find another reason to run…because I love it as much as my dog does.
To find out if you're dog is a natural born runner or which dogs make the best companions for your running lifestyle, check out the article on Runner's World. According to this, my dog is capable of runs over 10 miles which isn't surprising for anyone who has seen this dog run free.
Top Running Dogs according to Runner's World
Other Reasons to Make Your Dog Your Running Partner


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Teacher resources and professional development across the curriculum
Teacher professional development and classroom resources across the curriculum
Defining Problem Solving
|Introduction | Introducing New Content Via Problems | A Positive Problem-Solving Disposition | Problem-Solving Techniques and Examples | Working Backwards | Technology | The Teachers' Role | Your Journal
What role can classroom technology play in problem solving?
Technology offers great opportunities and some challenges in teaching problem solving. Tools like graphing calculators, computer-based labs, computers with software programs like Geometer's Sketchpad or spreadsheets can vastly increase the range of problems and concepts teacher and student can pose and explore. To give one example which is discussed more fully in Session 6 of this course, Connections, using a motion detector to capture the motion of a falling ball and plot a curve, students in a 10th-grade class were able to make tangible their understanding of quadratic functions, scientific notation, and accuracy and precision in mathematical communication.
Used well, these tools can broaden the landscape of the high school classroom. For example, graphing calculators can allow students to graph and explore many classes of functions that would be tedious and potentially unhelpful to graph by hand. Large datasets of actual population data could be used as the basis for a data analysis and probability lesson about variation about the mean. Computer simulations can be used to check conjectures, reason about mathematical ideas, and refine thinking. Many of these tools put a much broader range of representations in the hands of students working on problem solving.
Technology tools are also good enforcers of mathematical rules. They can help students learn the facts of mathematics and put this knowledge to use in problem solving. They can help build ability to have to "explain" to a computer how to solve a problem step by step in developing a computer program. Computers are unforgiving as well, and embody mathematical rules and principles in ways that students can absorb. As Jeannie Shimizu-Yost, a teacher participant in the Teaching Math videos notes, teenagers are sometimes more willing to accept a rule from a calculator than from an adult! Although a teacher may explain to a beginning trigonometry student in the midst of developing a problem-solving strategy that the tangent of 90 degrees does not exist because division by 0 is impossible, when a student uses a calculator to find tan90° and sees that the result is "error," this is a chance for reinforcement of an idea.
Technology also provides an opportunity to find connections among problems. Graphing software makes it easy to compare and save graphs, which can build a progressive understanding of functions and their characteristics. Since these tools do not belong exclusively to any one mathematical subject area, they also build bridges across these areas, showing students in successive years how topics in geometry, for instance, can be connected to algebra.
|Teaching Math Home | Grades 9-12 | Problem Solving | Site Map | © |
© Annenberg Foundation 2017. All rights reserved. Legal Policy


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Overview of Eczema (Dermatitis)
The terms eczema and dermatitis describe a reaction pattern of skin disorders with a variety of common characteristics. The acute disease typically is characterized by inflammation, redness, swelling, and itching, as well as some blistering and oozing. Skin biopsies show inflammatory cells and swelling.
When dermatitis becomes subacute, the intense reaction becomes milder, and the blisters begin to heal. Crusts and scale are common at this time.
Chronic dermatitis is identified by thickened, leathery skin with excess ridges, as well as dark and dull skin. Under the microscope, the outermost (epidermal) skin layer is seen to proliferate and become elongated.
Types of dermatitis include the following:
- Atopic dermatitis is an inherited condition characterized by dry, sensitive, itchy skin. Infants and children are most affected, and the disorder can continue into adulthood.
- Contact dermatitis is caused by an irritation or an allergy and occurs on areas of the skin that have come in contact with the identified substance. These reactions can be sudden and severe, such as with poison oak or poison ivy, or more insidious and chronic, such as from repeated exposure to harsh soaps or chemicals.
- Seborrheic dermatitis is a fairly common condition seen mostly in adults and has a tendency to affect men more than women. The disease has a natural waxing and waning course. The cause is unknown.
- Nummular dermatitis usually appears as stubborn, coin-shaped eczema plaques on the legs. It may be related to skin dryness, and moisturizers seem to help relieve the condition.


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The more I think about this, the less I like the idea. What is a Schneiderlin upgrade going to do for us? Playing with a positionally conservative defensive midfielder forces Gana into a box-to-box role, which he plainly isn't good at.We'd be much better served adding someone who contributes something in attack -- preferably passing -- and sticking with Gana at the base of the midfield (provided that he continues to stay in position like he did on Saturday).I'm a definite N'Zonzi fan, I just don't see how he helps us right now.
Back to selling before buying again?Although it makes sense in the midfield scheme of things. Would quite happily see Besic and McCarthy go.
I know but I'm not putting the disclaimer that I don't believe it before every link I post
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