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After a hearing on Wednesday to set a start date for the federal criminal trial of former Los Angeles County Sheriff Lee Baca, government prosecutors filed a motion requesting a mental competency evaluation for the man who, for sixteen years, headed the nation's largest sheriff's department until his abrupt announcement of his retirement in January, 2014.
"Although the government believes defendant is competent to stand trial," the prosecution team wrote, "certain statements by defendant, his attorneys, and his experts, if taken at face value, provide reasonable cause to believe that defendant may be suffering from a mental disease or defect rendering him mentally incompetent to the extent that he is unable to understand the nature and consequences of the proceedings against him or to assist properly in his defense."
Their proposed motion, stated the prosecutors, will either "ensure that the defendant's trial proceeds in the timely fashion if he is competent." Otherwise, it will "save resources" if Baca is found not competent to stand trial.
This rather startling development came after an edgy discussion about the issue of Baca's mental condition as it pertained to the upcoming trial. The three-way conversation took place in court earlier on Wednesday between the government's attorneys, defense attorney Nathan Hochman, and U.S. District Court Judge Percy Anderson after Hochman told the court that the defense may assert what is known as a 12.2 defense, or "mental defect" defense.
In brief, a 12.2 defense is a strategy in which the defense presents "expert evidence of a mental disease or defect" that would have prevented a defendant from possessing the mental ability required to have committed the offenses of with which he or she is charged.
At some point in the discussion, Judge Anderson asked Hochman if this meant that those who suffer from Alzheimer's "don't know right from wrong?"
In answer to Anderson's terse questioning, Hochman reportedly said that, no, he was not going for an insanity defense (which is one version of a 12.2 defense). Instead he might put forth another version of the 12.2 legal tactic, which is the aforementioned "mental defect" strategy.
In the request for the competency evaluation, prosecutors Brandon Fox, Lizabeth Rhodes and Eddie Jauregui noted that, during the hearing in February in which Baca pleaded guilty to a charge of lying to federal officials, when asked if he had "recently been treated for any form of mental illness or addiction?" or if he was "currently suffering from any mental condition that would prevent him from "understanding fully the charge against" him, "or the consequences of any guilty plea" he might enter to relating to that charge, Baca answered, "no," to each question.
The the prosecutors went on to point out that, on Aug. 1, Baca's attorneys stated that "medical records would show Baca's mental deterioration had already begun in April 2013, when he made the allegedly false statements to federal prosecutors."
In their motion, the prosecutors made clear that they believe that Mr. Baca is competent to go to trial.
But they want an official determination, one way or the other.
Interestingly, in Wednesday's hearing to finally determine the trial date, defense attorney Hochman said that he might consider filing a motion for a change in venue explaining that he was not sure that an untainted jury pool could be found, given all the publicity about the matter.
In response, Judge Anderson pointed out that it that it likely did not help matters to have attorneys holding press conferences on the courthouse steps—or words to that effect. Anderson then asked both sides to refrain from trying this case in the press.
The trial of Lee Baca for charges of obstruction of justice, conspiracy to obstruct justice, and lying to federal officials is set to begin on December 6, 2016.
Here's the actual motion for a competency evaluation if you want to take a look:


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North Carolina breezes past Temple, 55-13, in Military Bowl
Published 11:07 pm Friday, December 27, 2019
By DAVID GINSBURG AP Sports Writer
ANNAPOLIS, Md. (AP) — Having guided North Carolina to a winning season and a lopsided bowl victory in his first year back at the school, Mack Brown has raised expectations — for himself and the fans — moving forward.
The veteran coach wouldn't have it any other way.
Freshman Sam Howell threw for 294 yards and three touchdowns in addition to catching a TD pass, and the Tar Heels blew out Temple 55-13 in the Military Bowl on Friday to cap a satisfying return season for their 68-year-old coach.
Howell completed 25 of 34 passes and ran for 53 yards on three carries to help the Tar Heels (7-6) secure their first bowl victory since 2013. North Carolina was 4-6 before winning its last two regular-season games to qualify for a bowl bid.
North Carolina went 3-9 in 2017 and 2-9 last year before hiring Brown, who coached the Tar Heels from 1988-97 prior to heading to Texas for a 16-year stay. Coming off a five-year absence from coaching, Brown — with help from Howell — quickly turned the program around.
"The last three weeks we've been a really good football team," Brown said. "It's fun. Now these guys coming back have something to build on. Seven (wins) is not enough anymore. You want to go to a bowl every year and get a streak of wins."
Temple (8-5) has played in a bowl game in each of the past five years — and lost four of them. This was the Owls' first trip under coach Rod Carey, who came to Temple after a run of six-plus seasons at Northern Illinois in which he was 0-6 in the postseason.
"It's hard to swallow because I don't know if there is that big a gap between these two teams, but there was today,"' Carey said.
It might take a while before the Owls view this season as a success.
"'The further away we get from this moment, we will feel a lot better about it,"' Carey said.
For Brown, there was no better feeling than frolicking with the players in the jubilant locker room at Navy-Marine Corp Memorial Stadium.
"To be where we are now compared to where we were a year ago when I walked into that meeting and looked into those faces that were sad and disappointed because they just lost their coach and had a tough year," Brown said, "that dressing room was a lot of fun downstairs."
The Tar Heels' rise this season can be attributed to Brown and no small measure to Howell, a high school star in North Carolina who initially committed to Florida State.
Closing out a sensational debut season at the college level, Howell threw a pair of touchdown passes before halftime to stake the Tar Heels to a 20-6 lead. UNC pulled away early in the third quarter by scoring two touchdowns in a 12-second span, the last on a 20-yard interception return by Storm Duck.
Howell completed the third-quarter blitz by catching a 2-yard TD pass from wide receiver Rontavius Groves at the end of a razzle-dazzle reverse to make it 41-6.
Howell threw 38 touchdown passes this season, most by a true freshman in FBS history. His 3,641 yards passing are an Atlantic Coast Conference record for a freshman who has not redshirted.
North Carolina missed a 50-yard field goal on its first possession, then covered 63 yards on two plays for a 7-0 lead. Howell ran for 24 yards before connecting with Dyami Brown in the left corner for a 39-yard score.
It was 10-0 before the Owls used a 60-yard pass from Anthony Russo to Jadan Blue to set up a short touchdown run. The conversion was blocked.
The Tar Heels then moved 75 yards on eight plays, going up 17-6 when Dazz Newsome got behind safety Amir Tyler on a 16-yard touchdown catch. Officials initially ruled Newsome made the catch out of bounds, but a replay determined he had his right foot in the end zone while gaining possession of the ball.
Newsome made an even better catch early in the fourth quarter, snaring the ball in the left back corner of the end zone behind two defenders and getting one foot in before tumbling backward at the end of a 29-yard score.
"I have some really good players around me,"' Howell said. "How about those receivers?"
North Carolina: The Tar Heels could not have asked for a better way to build enthusiasm for the 2020 season. Things appear to be looking up for UNC, especially because Brown recently welcomed a solid recruiting class.
Temple: The Owls have only been to nine bowl games in school history, so this five-year streak is not being taken for granted. There will come a time, however, when just getting to a bowl game won't be good enough.
Blue had eight catches for 92 yards to become the first player in Temple history to eclipse the 1,000-yard mark in a single season. Blue got the record on the 60-yarder that set up Temple's first score. After making only three catches as a redshirt freshman last year, Blue finished with 95 receptions for 1,067 yards and four TDs in 2019.
North Carolina: Brown said all the team's juniors intend to return next season. UNC opens the 2020 season at Central Florida.
Temple: The Owls lose 16 seniors, only one of whom started on offense. Temple plays at Miami for the 2020 opener.
More AP college football: https://apnews.com/APTop25CollegeFootballPoll and https://apnews.com/Collegefootball and https://twitter.com/AP_Top25

subset: commoncrawl


text: Hello everyone, After several years of inactivity with the Ada project list, I've started to maintain it actively again. I've put a revised version online at http://www.seas.gwu.edu/~mfeldman/ada-project-summary.html I've changed the "look" a bit, added a few listings, changed the order of the project groupings, and removed all the dead links (without removing the associated listings). There aren't too many links now, but I think they are all valid. Now I need your help. Please look at this long and interesting list, and let me know if you have anything to add to it (or delete if necessary). If you can provide a valid link for a project that doesn't have one, that would be great. This list will best serve the community if its listings refer to actual applications of Ada that are either fielded or under active implementation. I don't want to pad the list with tools, compilers, libraries, etc., but rather to respond to the question "who is actually using Ada in industry?". If you are close enough to a project to know there's "Ada inside", please let me hear from you. In the past, some listings have come from "anonymous sources"; you can be assured of my discretion; I always respect the confdentiality of my informants. As always, please help make this list as complete and accurate as possible; it's good for all of us. Thanks very much in advance for your help and interest! Best regards, Michael Feldman Chairman, ACM SIGAda Education Working Group Professor Emeritus, Department of Computer Science The George Washington University


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- David Bremner: A topgit testimonial, So your topgit patch was merged upstream, more.
- Pete Hopkins: topgit Means Never Having to Wait for Reviews
- Christoph Egger: Git repository's and topgit
We're using this for some packages, where we're maintaining long-lived development branches, for example glibc. The latter one has usage examples, too.
Running it on GNU/Hurd
Nothing special to that, technically, only that our I/O system's (non-) performance will render this unbearably slow for anything but simple test cases. So don't try to run it on the GCC or glibc repositories. Talk to tschwinge about how he's using it on a GNU/Linux machine and push the resulting trees to GNU/Hurd systems.


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I've found several sources that state that overall, the cytosol of a cell is electrically neutral. The extracellular fluid is also purportedly electrically neutral. How can that be when we have membrane potentials?
Also in that regard, how do the ion transporters that set up the membrane potential know when to stop pumping ions to get a certain potential set up?


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AOL is still struggling to make up lost revenues as subscribers continue to flee the service. The internet giant has lost more than three million customers over the last year as the number of US subscribers fell to 18.6m - down 835,000 over the last three months alone.
Publishing Q1 results for the three months to March, AOL (owned by media giant Time Warner) reported that revenues fell seven per cent ($152m) to just under $2bn, compared to the same period last year.
This was due to a 13 per cent decrease ($236m) in subscription revenues although it was partly offset 26 per cent increase ($81m) in ad revenues.
At the same time, operating income decreased 14 per cent ($45m).
AOL's decline is also being mirrored in Europe. At the end of March AOL Europe had 5.9m punters - down 147,000 on the previous three months and a slide of 452,000 on the same period last year. ®


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A federal bankruptcy judge signed off Wednesday on the $11 billion merger of American Airlines and US Airways.
The widely-expected decision by Judge Sean H. Lane helps clear the way for the two carriers to form the world's biggest airline, with 6,700 daily flights and annual revenue of roughly $40 billion.
"The merger is an excellent result. I don't think anybody disputes that," Mr. Lane said during a court hearing. American has been operating under bankruptcy protection since November 2011.
The merger, first announced on Feb. 14, still needs approval from the Department of Justice and US Airways shareholders. It is expected to close by the fall.
Mr. Lane's decision was complicated by objections to the timing of a $20 million severance package for outgoing American CEO Tom Horton. Mr. Horton has agreed to step down as CEO and leave the company within a year of the merger's closing. The U.S. trustee objected to Horton's severance, saying it is in excess of limits set under the bankruptcy code.
Lane decided not to approve that payment as part of his decision and plans to issue a written decision at a later date detailing his reasoning.
"Approving it today is just not appropriate," Mr. Lane said.
Mr. Horton spent nearly his entire career at American, becoming CEO when the company filed for bankruptcy on Nov. 29, 2011. Once the deal closes, US Airways CEO Doug Parker will run the combined airline. Horton will step down as CEO and then leave the company's board within a year. The agreement calls for him to receive $19.9 million in cash and stock as well as a lifetime of free first-class tickets on American for himself and his wife.
"This was not something decided upon to line the pockets" of American's executives, said Stephen Karotkin, a lawyer with Weil, Gotshal & Manges, which represents American.
Mr. Lane didn't object to the actual severance payment but agreed with the trustee that the timing of it seemed to violate prohibitions in the bankruptcy law.
"I am bound by the way Congress drafted the statute," Mr. Lane said, adding that he was worried about setting a bad precedent that lawyers in future cases will try to capitalize upon.
"There are many, many smart lawyers out there," Mr. Lane added. "It's not hard to imagine."


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Columns Retired Columns & Blogs |
I was always under the impression that the specified frequency response of a loudspeaker is under anechoic conditions. Here the specified -3db point is 25Hz but the anechoic mesurements shows -10 dB at 25Hz w.r.t. 100Hz. Apparently the manufacturer has considered 7dB of room gain.
To the reviewers, is there any industry standard of room gain amount to be added to the measured anechoic (/quasi-) measurements of a speaker, Or any standard room size based on which they draw their -3dB response?
Secondly, regarding the rising low frequency in your anechoic measurements due to stated artifact of nearfield measurement techniques, what would be the order of the error that your readers may safely assume?


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Hallelujah, it is Friday! Lately I've been juggling work, my beloved blog and a few projects that are near to my heart, but my fingers have been hitting all the wrong keys lately. I've caught myself sending choppy stream-of-consciousness emails that make sense to no one, including myself. Communicating with many, but saying nothing of value.
I need to get lost in some fiction, go on long walks with Cookie, breathe deeply and stretch my limbs. I need all of that, plus some good conversations with friends, before I'll have anything worth saying. I feel like I say this over and over again. So it goes.
Please, if you can find pomegranates this late in the season, make this Ottolenghi-inspired salad. Brilliant ruby-hued pomegranate arils, crunchy celery and dark quinoa make it a colorful study in textural contrasts. Allspice warms up this simple salad, which seems to be a wintery take on my quinoa tabbouleh recipe. I dare say you'll finish your bowl and go back for just one more forkful, then another, and another.
Ottolenghi's original recipe in Plenty calls for barley instead of quinoa, sherry vinegar instead of balsamic, and the addition of dill. It was good, but I like my way better.
By the way, if you haven't picked up a copy of Ottolenghi's book, I highly recommend doing so. It is a stunning vegetarian cookbook, full of unconventional recipes that feature a mélange of Middle Eastern and European flavors thanks to Ottolenghi's upbringing by European parents in Israel. The food photography is good enough to justify the purchase in itself. As cookbooks by professional chefs tend to be, the ingredient lists can be a bit long, and the instructions exacting, but it is a cookbook I'm glad to have in my collection.
PrintPomegranate Quinoa Salad
- Author:
- Prep Time: 10 mins
- Cook Time: 25 mins
- Total Time: 35 minutes
- Yield: 4 to 6 servings 1x
- Category: Salad
- Cuisine: Mediterranean
This Ottolenghi-inspired quinoa salad with pomegranate, celery, parsley and spices is a healthy vegan dish that all will enjoy! Recipe yields 4 to 6 servings.
- 1 cup black or red quinoa, rinsed well in a mesh colander
- 6 stalks of leafy organic celery, leaves picked and reserved
- ¼ cup olive oil
- 3 tablespoons balsamic vinegar
- 1 clove garlic, crushed
- 1 teaspoon ground allspice
- Salt and pepper, to taste
- Loose ½ cup curly parsley
- 2 pomegranates, arils carefully removed
- Pour the rinsed quinoa into a medium sized pot on the stove. Add two cups of water and bring the mixture to a boil.
- Cover and simmer for fifteen to twenty minutes, until the water is absorbed. In the meantime, chop your celery and parsley. Once it's done, remove from heat and fluff the quinoa with a fork.
- Drain the quinoa and transfer to a mixing bowl. While it is still hot, mix in the celery, olive oil, vinegar, garlic, allspice and salt and pepper. Stir to combine, and leave it to cool completely, or close to it.
- Once cool, add the parsley, celery leaves and pomegranate arils. Taste and adjust seasonings if necessary (more vinegar or salt and pepper), then serve.
Recipe adapted from Ottolenghi's Barley and Pomegranate Salad in Plenty.


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Vibramycin is a tetracycline antibiotic. It fights bacteria in the body.
Product Description
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Take exactly as prescribed by your doctor and with a full glass of water. Generally the using dose must be in adults 200mg on the first day and then followed by a keeping dose of 100mg daily.
Follow the directions on your prescription label.
Avoid using this medicine before the bedtime because as it may cause throat pain, that's why drink plenty of liquids while you are taking it. Avoid exposure to sunlight or tanning beds. The drug can make you sunburn more easily. Antibiotic medicines can cause diarrhea, which may be a sign of a new infection. If you have diarrhea that is watery or bloody, stop taking Vibramycin and call your doctor. Also don't use it if you are pregnant.
You should not take this medicine if you are allergic to the medicine or to other tetracycline antibiotics. Avoid taking in children under 12 or pregnancy.
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The drug can cooperate with cholesterol-lowering medications, isotretinoin, tretinoin, an antacid, a product that contains bismuth subsalicylate, minerals, a blood thinner and penicillin antibiotic. Do not start a new medication without telling your doctor.
Missed dose
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Store your medicines at room temperature 59-77 degrees F (15-25 degrees C). Store away from moisture and light. Keep it out of the reach of children and away from pets.
The information presented at the site has a general character. Note please this information cannot be used for self-treatment and self diagnosis. You should consult with your doctor or health care adviser regarding any specific instructions of your condition. The information is reliable, but we concede it could contain mistakes. We are not responsible for any direct, indirect, special or other damage caused by use of this information on the site and also for consequences of self-treatment.


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FindLaw's Learn About the Law features thousands of informational articles to help you understand your options. And if you're ready to hire an attorney, find one in your area who can help.
Appellant, the operator of a retail trading post on the Navajo Indian Reservation under a license granted by the Commissioner of Indian Affairs pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 261, challenged the right of Arizona to levy a tax on its income from trading with reservation Indians on the reservation. The State Supreme Court upheld the tax. Held: Since Congress has broadly occupied the field of trading with Indians on reservations by all-inclusive regulations and statutes, the States may not impose additional burdens on the traders or the Indians, and therefore this tax may not be imposed on appellant. Pp. 686-692.
95 Ariz. 110, 387 P.2d 809, reversed and remanded.
Edward Jacobson argued the cause and filed briefs for appellant.
Philip M. Haggerty, Assistant Attorney General of Arizona, argued the cause for appellees. With him on the brief were Robert W. Pickrell, Attorney General, and Walter O. Holm, Assistant Attorney General.
Briefs of amici curiae, urging reversal, were filed by Solicitor General Cox and Roger P. Marquis for the United States; by Arthur Lazarus, Jr., and Royal D. Marks for the Association on American Indian Affairs. Inc., et al.; by Norman M. Littell and Leland O. Graham for the Navajo Tribe of Indians, and by Edward B. Berger for the Papago Tribe.
MR. JUSTICE BLACK delivered the opinion of the Court.
Arizona has levied a tax of 2% on the "gross proceeds of sales, or gross income" of appellant Warren Trading Post Company, which does a retail trading business with [380 U.S. 685, 686] Indians on the Arizona part of the Navajo Indian Reservation under a license granted by the United States Commissioner of Indian Affairs pursuant to 19 Stat. 200, 25 U.S.C. 261 (1958 ed.). 1 Appellant claimed that as applied to its income from trading with reservation Indians on the reservation the state tax was invalid as (1) in violation of Art. I, 8, cl. 3, of the United States Constitution, which provides that "Congress shall have Power . . . To regulate Commerce . . . with the Indian Tribes"; (2) inconsistent with the comprehensive congressional plan, enacted under authority of Art. I, 8, to regulate Indian trade and traders and to have Indian tribes on reservations govern themselves. The State Supreme Court rejected these contentions and upheld the tax, one Justice dissenting. 95 Ariz. 110, 387 P.2d 809. The case is properly here on appeal under 28 U.S.C. 1257 (2) (1958 ed.). Since we hold that this state tax cannot be imposed consistently with federal statutes applicable to the Indians on the Navajo Reservation, we find it unnecessary to consider whether the tax is also barred by that part of the Commerce Clause giving Congress power to regulate commerce with the Indian tribes.
The Navajo Reservation was set apart as a "permanent home" for the Navajos in a treaty made with the "Navajo nation or tribe of Indians" on June 1, 1868. 2 Long before that, in fact from the very first days of our Government, the Federal Government had been permitting the Indians largely to govern themselves, free from state [380 U.S. 685, 687] interference, 3 and had exercised through statutes and treaties 4 a sweeping and dominant control over persons who wished to trade with Indians and Indian tribes. As [380 U.S. 685, 688] Chief Justice John Marshall recognized in Worcester v. Georgia, 6 Pet. 515, 556-557:
Such comprehensive federal regulation of Indian traders has continued from that day to this. 6 Existing statutes make specific restrictions on trade with the Indians, 7 and [380 U.S. 685, 689] one of them, passed in 1876 and tracing back to comprehensive enactments of 1802 8 and 1834, 9 provides that the Commissioner of Indian Affairs shall have "the sole power and authority to appoint traders to the Indian tribes" and to specify "the kind and quantity of goods and the prices at which such goods shall be sold to the Indians." 10 Acting under authority of this statute and one added in 1901, 11 the Commissioner has promulgated detailed regulations prescribing in the most minute fashion who may qualify to be a trader and how he shall be licensed, penalties for acting as a trader without a license; conditions under which government employees may trade with Indians; articles that cannot be sold to Indians; and conduct forbidden on a licensed trader's premises. 12 He has ordered that detailed business records be kept and that government officials be allowed to inspect these records to make sure that prices charged are fair and reasonable; that traders pay Indians in money; that bonds be executed by proposed licensees; and that the governing body of an Indian reservation may assess from a trader "such fees, etc., as it may deem appropriate." 13 [380 U.S. 685, 690] It was under these comprehensive statutes and regulations that the Commissioner of Indian Affairs licensed appellant to trade with the Indians on the Navajo Reservation. These apparently all-inclusive regulations and the statutes authorizing them would seem in themselves sufficient to show that Congress has taken the business of Indian trading on reservations so fully in hand that no room remains for state laws imposing additional burdens upon traders. 14 In fact, the Solicitor's Office of the Department of the Interior in 1940 15 and again in 1943 16 interpreted these statutes to bar States from taxing federally licensed Indian traders on their sales to reservation Indians on a reservation. We think those rulings were correct.
Congress has, since the creation of the Navajo Reservation nearly a century ago, left the Indians on it largely free to run the reservation and its affairs without state control, a policy which has automatically relieved Arizona of all burdens for carrying on those same responsibilities. And in compliance with its treaty obligations the Federal Government has provided for roads, education and other services needed by the Indians. 17 We [380 U.S. 685, 691] think the assessment and collection of this tax would to a substantial extent frustrate the evident congressional purpose of ensuring that no burden shall be imposed upon Indian traders for trading with Indians on reservations except as authorized by Acts of Congress or by valid regulations promulgated under those Acts. This state tax on gross income would put financial burdens on appellant or the Indians with whom it deals in addition to those Congress or the tribes have prescribed, and could thereby disturb and disarrange the statutory plan Congress set up in order to protect Indians against prices deemed unfair or unreasonable by the Indian Commissioner. And since federal legislation has left the State with no duties or responsibilities respecting the reservation Indians, we cannot believe that Congress intended to leave to the State the privilege of levying this tax. 18 Insofar as they are applied to this federally licensed Indian trader with respect to sales made to reservation [380 U.S. 685, 692] Indians on the reservation, these state laws imposing taxes cannot stand. Cf. Rice v. Santa Fe Elevator Corp., 331 U.S. 218 . The judgment of the Supreme Court of Arizona is reversed and the cause remanded for further proceedings not inconsistent with this opinion.
[ Footnote 2 ] 15 Stat. 667.
[ Footnote 3 ] Arizona was admitted to the Union on its agreement that "the people inhabiting said proposed State do agree and declare that they forever disclaim all right and title to . . . all lands lying within said boundaries owned or held by any Indian or Indian tribes, the right or title to which shall have been acquired through or from the United States or any prior sovereignty, and that until the title of such Indian or Indian tribes shall have been extinguished the same shall be and remain subject to the disposition and under the absolute jurisdiction and control of the Congress of the United States . . . ." Act of June 20, 1910, 36 Stat. 557, 569. See also Act of Aug. 21, 1911, 37 Stat. 39. Certain state laws have been permitted to apply to activities on Indian reservations, where those laws are specifically authorized by acts of Congress, or where they clearly do not interfere with federal policies concerning the reservations. See Organized Village of Kake v. Egan, 369 U.S. 60, 72 -75; Williams v. Lee, 358 U.S. 217, 219 -221; Thomas v. Gay, 169 U.S. 264 ; Utah & N. R. Co. v. Fisher, 116 U.S. 28, 31 -32. Compare, e. g., 18 U.S.C. 1161 (1958 ed.) (permitting application of state liquor law standards within an Indian reservation under certain conditions); 45 Stat. 1185, as amended, 25 U.S.C. 231 (1958 ed.) (permitting application of state health and education laws within a reservation under certain conditions); 18 U.S.C. 1162 (1958 ed.) and 28 U.S.C. 1360 (1958 ed.) (respectively granting certain States criminal and civil jurisdiction over offenses and causes of action involving Indians within specified Indian reservations).
[ Footnote 4 ] In 1778, in its first treaty with an Indian tribe, the United States promised to provide for the Delaware Nation "a well-regulated trade, under the conduct of an intelligent, candid agent, with an adequate sallery, one more influenced by the love of his country, and a constant attention to the duties of his department by promoting the common interest, than the sinister purposes of converting and binding all the duties of his office to his private emolument . . . ." Treaty of Sept. 17, 1778, Art. V, 7 Stat. 13, 14. Similar provisions were found in other early treaties, concluded before the first Congress legislated on the subject of Indian trade. See United States Department of the Interior, Federal Indian Law 96 (hereafter cited as Federal Indian Law). In 1871 Congress forbade [380 U.S. 685, 688] future treaties with the Indian tribes but left the obligations of existing treaties unimpaired. 16 Stat. 544, 566, now 25 U.S.C. 71 (1958 ed.).
[ Footnote 5 ] Act of July 22, 1790, 1 Stat. 137.
[ Footnote 6 ] See generally Federal Indian Law 94-138, 373-381.
[ Footnote 7 ] E. g., 4 Stat. 729, now 25 U.S.C. 263 (1958 ed.) (empowering the President in the public interest to forbid introduction of any or all goods into the territory of a tribe, and to revoke and refuse all licenses to trade with that tribe); 4 Stat. 729, as amended, now 25 U.S.C. 264 (1958 ed.) (establishing penalties for trading without a license and forbidding traders to hire white persons as clerks unless licensed to do so); 18 U.S.C. 3113 (1958 ed.) (forbidding unlawful introduction of liquor into Indian country and providing for revocation of the license of any trader violating this prohibition).
[ Footnote 8 ] Act of March 30, 1802, 2 Stat. 139.
[ Footnote 9 ] Act of June 30, 1834, 4 Stat. 729.
[ Footnote 10 ] 19 Stat. 200, 25 U.S.C. 261 (1958 ed.), provides: "The Commissioner of Indian Affairs shall have the sole power and authority to appoint traders to the Indian tribes and to make such rules and regulations as he may deem just and proper specifying the kind and quantity of goods and the prices at which such goods shall be sold to the Indians."
[ Footnote 11 ] 31 Stat. 1066, as amended, 25 U.S.C. 262 (1958 ed.), provides: "Any person desiring to trade with the Indians on any Indian reservation shall, upon establishing the fact, to the satisfaction of the Commissioner of Indian Affairs, that he is a proper person to engage in such trade, be permitted to do so under such rules and regulations as the Commissioner of Indian Affairs may prescribe for the protection of said Indians."
[ Footnote 12 ] 25 CFR 251.9, 252.6, 251.3, 252.3, 251.5, 251.8, 251.18, 251.19, 251.21, 252.15.
[ Footnote 13 ] 25 CFR 252.7, 251.22, 251.24, 251.10, 252.9, 252.27c. See generally 25 CFR 251, 252.
[ Footnote 14 ] These statutes and regulations apply only to activities on reservations. See Taylor v. United States, 44 F.2d 531 (C. A. 9th Cir.), cert. denied, 283 U.S. 820 ; 57 I. D. 124, 125.
[ Footnote 15 ] 57 I. D. 124.
[ Footnote 16 ] 58 I. D. 562.
[ Footnote 17 ] Since 1950 Congress has authorized expenditure of over $100,000,000 as part of an extensive plan to rehabilitate the Navajo and Hopi tribes of Arizona. 64 Stat. 44, as amended, 25 U.S.C. 631-640 (1958 ed.). Detailed accounts of the ways in which the Federal Government has aided and supported the Navajos and other tribes may be found in Secretary of the Interior, Annual Report, 1963, pp. 11-47; id., 1962, pp. 7-44; id., 1961, pp. 277-318. See also Federal Indian Law 268-306; Young, The Navajo Yearbook, Report No. viii, 1951-1961, A Decade of Progress (1961).
[ Footnote 18 ] The Buck Act, now 4 U.S.C. 105-110 (1964 ed.), in which Congress permitted States to levy sales or use taxes within certain federal areas, has been interpreted by what appears to be the only court to consider the question before this case, and by the Interior Department, as not applying to Indian reservations. Your Food Stores, Inc. v. Village of Espanola, 68 N. M. 327, 334, 361 P.2d 950, 955-956; 58 I. D. 562. Cf. 4 U.S.C. 109 (1964 ed.), excepting taxes on Indians from the scope of the Act. We think that interpretation was correct. See S. Rep. No. 1625, 76th Cong., 3d Sess., 2, 3. Moreover, we hold that Indian traders trading on a reservation with reservation Indians are immune from a state tax like Arizona's, not simply because those activities take place on a reservation, but rather because Congress in the exercise of its power granted in Art. I, 8, has undertaken to regulate reservation trading in such a comprehensive way that there is no room for the States to legislate on the subject. Cf. Surplus Trading Co. v. Cook, 281 U.S. 647, 651 . Even assuming that the Arizona tax here is of a kind to which the Buck Act applies, nothing whatever in that Act suggests to us that Congress meant to give States new power to tax federally licensed Indian traders. See 58 I. D. 562. [380 U.S. 685, 693]
A free source of state and federal court opinions, state laws, and the United States Code. For more information about the legal concepts addressed by these cases and statutes visit FindLaw's Learn About the Law.
Citation: 380 U.S. 685
Docket No: No. 115
Argued: March 09, 1965
Decided: April 29, 1965
Court: United States Supreme Court
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How do you think Cloud Software compares with Desktop Software? Last week, we asked our Facebook fans and twitter followers to come up with their own analogies to describe this comparison. Here are some of the interesting responses we've received so far: On our Facebook wall:
As twitter @replies:
"as Asteroids were to Dinosaurs" – @caps_phisto
"credit card is to cash" – @alvarofelipe
"as smiley cookies are to regular cookies" – @adamgolomb
"as wings are to boat anchors" – @DortchOnIT
So, which is your favorite analogy from these? Can you come up with some of your own?


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Sunday, December 11, 2011
Grinch Pills ~ Sugar Cookies in a Jar
37 comments:
- Loren @ The Baking Sheet said...
OMG! Trish these are FANTASTIC!!! What a great idea! I'm definitely going to borrow this one! Thanks for the printables! :o)
- December 11, 2011 at 10:34 AM
- Unknown said...
LOVE LOVE! So cute, my kids would love this!
- December 11, 2011 at 11:18 AM
- Sue said...
I LOVE them! So cute and clever! I would have been first in line to buy them!!!
Thanks for the link-love, Trisha:) - December 11, 2011 at 11:59 AM
- Kathy said...
Oh my! These are just too cute! Absolutely LOVE IT! You're the best!
Have a Delightsome week,
Kathy - December 11, 2011 at 2:25 PM
- Lee said...
So cute! thanks!
- December 11, 2011 at 2:43 PM
- MsFoxsSweets said...
I LOVE THIS! These are actually TOO CUTE!
- December 11, 2011 at 3:38 PM
- Kim McCallie said...
I love these, too! Such a clever idea!
- December 11, 2011 at 4:05 PM
- Lisa said...
Great little gift idea (hmmm, my husband is a little "grinchy" about the holiday so maybe he could use some!). And what a perfect idea for a bake sale or fundraiser - I'm loving it!
ps, the grinch is going to be showing up at my house in cookie form soon. - December 11, 2011 at 4:35 PM
- Unknown said...
OMG this is BRILLIANT! My Grinch loving 4 year old would adore these. I must make them. Thanks so much for the inspiration!
Marina - December 11, 2011 at 5:07 PM
- Gypsy Heart said...
These are fabulous! Thanks so much for sharing.
Pat - December 11, 2011 at 5:15 PM
- Judith @ Lavender Cottage said...
Hi Trisha
Another fantastic idea, thanks for sharing.
Judith - December 11, 2011 at 9:00 PM
- Beth @ Hungry Happenings said...
This is one of the most fun holiday ideas I have seen yet. Love it.
- December 11, 2011 at 9:39 PM
- Patsy said...
I love this! I am 69 years old, and always look forward to the Grinch being on TV...the Boris Karloff cartoon...not the annoying Jim Carry one! Cute idea!!!!
- December 11, 2011 at 9:55 PM
- Sugartown Sweets said...
Love this..soooo cute. Recently saw the Grinch Musical @ The Fox in Atl. I did not care for any of the souvenirs..but I would have bought these for sure!
- December 11, 2011 at 10:25 PM
- My Little Home and Garden said...
I can see why these sold out so quickly. What a cute idea! ❄
- December 11, 2011 at 10:49 PM
- Brenda said...
WHAT A GREAT AND CUTE IDEA!! These would make beautiful Christmas presents. LOVE IT!
Merry Christmas,
Brenda - December 12, 2011 at 8:37 AM
- Unknown said...
I am so making these!! TOO CUTE!
You always know what to do to make me smile!
Keep up your very talented work! Love ya! - December 12, 2011 at 9:54 AM
- highheeledlife said...
These are amazing! what a fabulous idea ... perfect! xo HHL
- December 12, 2011 at 11:51 AM
- Angela McRae said...
What a charming idea! I'm not at all surprised these sold out so quickly. But now you've got me humming the Grinch song!
- December 12, 2011 at 2:34 PM
- JenMarie said...
Oh, yes please. This is adorable and perfect. Well done! Especially with the heart at the bottom.
- December 12, 2011 at 3:16 PM
- The Charm of Home said...
Oh, those are super cute!!
Sherry - December 12, 2011 at 5:16 PM
- Antiques And Teacups said...
So clever!!! What a great idea...again!
Ruth - December 12, 2011 at 5:51 PM
- kitty@ Kitty's Kozy Kitchen said...
You are TOO clever, Trish!! I think your Grinch pills would make even the Grinch smile!!
- December 12, 2011 at 6:19 PM
- Paula said...
No wonder these sold out so quickly, what a perfectly adorable idea for a Christmas cookie, for a fundraiser bake sale, stocking stuffer, etc. I just love these!
- December 12, 2011 at 10:58 PM
- Dorothy @ Crazy for Crust said...
I love love love this idea! So cute for the kids.
- December 13, 2011 at 2:08 PM
- the decorated cookie said...
The one heart inside pushed these over the edge. Just posted a link on edible crafts! Brilliant!
- December 14, 2011 at 9:11 AM
- ACreativeDreamer said...
Oh my goodness... this is perfect for me! We kid my supervisor all the time about being the Grinch... I think these will go in his Christmas gift!
- December 14, 2011 at 9:39 AM
- Janet said...
Wow, this is such a cute idea! I love the heart at the bottom of the jar. Wonderful idea, thanks for sharing it. :)
- December 14, 2011 at 9:43 AM
- Becky Green said...
This is SUPER CUTE!!!!! VERY CREATIVE CHANGE from the Tic-Tacs!!!!!!!!!! And TASTIER TOO!!!! :)
- December 14, 2011 at 11:53 AM
- Mid-Atlantic Martha said...
This is one of the cutest things I've seen. Love the heart cookie in the bottom.
- December 15, 2011 at 8:03 AM
- Unknown said...
Seriously adorable idea-no wonder it was so popular at the sale. I would have gotten several! Glad to see a fellow 'Froster for the Cause'
Thank-you so much for joining our Pin'Inspiration Party today. Your creativity is very much appreciated.
Happy follower, would love for you to pop by to grab a button. - December 15, 2011 at 9:21 AM
- Pam~ Virginia Retro said...
Cutest idea I've seen all year!
- December 15, 2011 at 10:20 AM
- MsFoxsSweets said...
Congrats! Your fabulous Grinch Pills are featured at Mrs Fox Sweets :) I cant wait to see what yummies you link up this week!
- December 21, 2011 at 6:23 AM
- Unknown said...
Thanks again for sharing your project last week. You are being featured today :-). Would love for you to pop by and grab a button.
- December 21, 2011 at 7:44 PM
- Eileen said...
Do you have a recipe to share for the Grinch Pills? This is adorable!
- December 22, 2011 at 11:25 AM
- Unknown said...
Eileen I use the sugar cookie recipe here: http://www.kitchengifts.com/nofailsugarcookies.html
I used a 1 inch round cutter and frosted them with royal icing from http://www.sweetsugarbelle.com/blog/2011/04/royal-icing-101-or-all-roads-lead-to-rome/ - December 22, 2011 at 11:34 AM
- Eileen said...
Just beautiful! Thank you for sharing the idea & recipe.
- December 22, 2011 at 11:35 AM


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The cuisine of Uttar Pradesh is synonymous with a wide variety as every city in this state offers a different but equally sumptuous cuisine for the gourmet. Most families in Uttar Pradesh eat vegetarian food, although meat delicacies cooked in the Awadh style are world famous. Average cuisines in Uttar Pradesh revolve around the simple, vegetable curries of all kinds. But there is a predominance of fried foods which are a must especially during festivals and special occasions.
The irresistible Mughlai food is reminiscent of the Nawabi and the Mughal glory. The world renowned Dum Pukht (means 'to breathe and to cook') cuisine owes its excellence to the fact that the food, sealed in a dish and slow-cooked in its own juices, retains its entire natural aromas and flavours. Lucknow is famous for its biryanis and different meat preparations. A very interesting aspect of Awadh cuisine is the inspiration it draws from a myriad sources - seasons and celebrations, flora and fauna, personalities, poetry and colour.
Prep Time : 51-60 minutes
Cook time : 26-30 minutes
Serve : 4
Level Of Cooking : Difficult
Taste : Sweet


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Sorry, but I can't reach the address you posted.
I know some of my friends don't like Lem because they claim he is not as wise as he thinks he is, and they get upset reading interviews with him... They say what they want; it doesn't bother me.
high IQ (his is considered one of the wisest Poles, as his IQ is something about 6789... or some ;] ).


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The event planning team for Comfortech 2013 has announced that the show will take place September 18-20, 2013 at the Pennsylvania Convention Center, Philadelphia, PA. As an extra-special attraction, the show will feature keynote speaker John Kruk, three-time major league baseball All-Star and lead analyst for ESPN Sunday Night Baseball.
Comfortech 2013 brings together the owners and managers of residential and commercial HVACR and hydronics/plumbing contracting firms to sharpen their skills, re-energize their businesses, preview and demo the latest products, and arm themselves with the critical knowledge they need to stay competitive in the mechanical systems marketplace.
Don't miss discounted registration off the Early Bird Rate, use promo code "ctech13". REGISTER NOW! Registration is now open at THIS LINK.
In his presentation,"I'm Not a Keynote Speaker, I'm a Ballplayer," Kruk will entertain the audience with stories from the "big leagues," and how his career arc relates to the mechanical systems contractor.
"Comfortech 2013 promises to be a fantastic event, and we are very excited to host it in Philadelphia," said Steve Palmison, Comfortech Show Director. "The mix of education and networking in conjunction with the Product Showcase makes Comfortech a must-attend for contractors. The Tri-State area is a prime Comfortech location for attendees and exhibitors."
Featuring four CEU-certified educational tracks — Business Management, Sales and Marketing, Service Management and Technical — Comfortech sessions will feature some of the most well-known speakers in the mechanical systems industry, including: Matt Michel, CEO, Service Roundtable; Mark Matteson, Author and International Best Seller; Steve Coscia, Customer Service Expert, Coscia Communications.
In addition, Comfortech's "Thursday Night Extravaganza" is the social and networking highlight of the event. It will take place on September 19, 2013 at 8:00 p.m. at XFINITY Live!. Guests will be treated to a night of fun, games, music, and sports.
Don't miss discounted registration off the Early Bird Rate, use promo code ctech13. REGISTER NOW! Registration is now open at THIS LINK.


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Related links:
Animation of Huygens release from Cassini (1.7 MB QuickTime, courtesy NASA)
Animation of Huygens descent through Titan's atmosphere (3.9 MB QuickTime, courtesy NASA)
Animation of Huygens landing on Titan (1.5 MB QuickTime, courtesy NASA)
NASA Cassini/Huygens mission page
ESA Cassini/Huygens mission page
Huygens Probe to Titan
A robot spaceship landed on the biggest moon of the planet Saturn in January 2005. The spaceship was named Huygens. Huygens landed on the moon Titan on January 14, 2005.
Huygens had been riding on the side of another spaceship for seven years. NASA's Cassini spacecraft carried Huygens to Saturn from Earth. Cassini "let go" of Huygens on December 24, 2004.
Huygens studied the atmosphere of Titan. Parachutes on Huygens lowered it through Titan's atmosphere. Then Huygens landed on Titan. The surface of Titan is very, very cold. The temperature there is about -178º C (-288º F)!
The spaceship was named after Christiaan Huygens. Christiaan Huygens was a Dutch astronomer. He discovered Titan in 1655.


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Cruises in Japan can be a fantastic honeymoon, but they are also ideal for a particular journey without having to worry about anything. The itineraries are many and you can choose the one you prefer. In each one you will see some of the most important cities in Japan such as Tokyo, Kyoto or Osaka.
What to see in Japan
Japan is a land full of wonderful places to visit, surely if you are thinking of a cruise in Japan, you cannot miss the cities of Tokyo and Kyoto.
Tokyo is the capital of the archipelago and a huge extremely modern metropolis composed of many districts. You can choose the district that suits you the best. The heaven of Otaku, also known as Japanese nerds, is Akihabara where is full of manga shops, anime, video games and gadgets of all kinds. If you love the nightlife, Shinjuku will be your perfect choice; it is full of bars, shops and restaurants. You can visit it without any precise destination to discover something in every corner you will be.
Shibuya is famous for its gigantic intersection, which is also the busiest in the world; there are hundreds of people crossing the road at the same time. On the opposite side of Shibuya crossing, there is a statue of famous dog Hachiko in the entrance of Shibuya Station.The dog has become a symbol of the district, even the whole Japan, because of a true story. Hachiko waited for the return of his master from the same train station everyday, but one day the master died at work and never came back to the station. The dog continued to wait for the master as always until it died one day. Because of this moving story, there are lots of tourists coming in Shibuya Station for admiring the loyalty of Hachiko.
If Tokyo is the classic modern international metropolis, in Kyoto, you will be able to find the "real" traditional Japan by experiencing the ryokan (the typical hotels with futons and tatami mats), spas and temples. The famous bamboo forest is one of the main attractions of the city and if you are in Kyoto you cannot miss it. Nara, the ancient capital of Japan, is located a short distance from Kyoto and is easily accessible by train. Here you can admire the ancient part of Japan, as well as visit a wonderful natural park full of wild animals, including deer to pet and squirrels to greet.
The best time for cruises in Japan
Spring is the ideal season to visit Japan. You will find the traditional cherry trees, Sakura, blossoming and decorating the whole country. The hanami (the flowering period) attracts many tourists every year. You can take a cruise in Japan to appreciate the most beautiful, evocative and magical moment. Generally the period of maximum flowering coincides with the end of March and the beginning of April. In Tokyo you can admire them in the wonderful Ueno Park, in the Yoyogi Park or from the water by renting a pedalo in Chidorigafuchi. Even in Kyoto, there is no shortage of magical places where you can enjoy this wonder, like Maruyama Park or Philosopher`s Path, near the silver temple.


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Village of Dryden
Our Location
The Village of Dryden, home to Maple Ridge, is located in the northeastern part of Tompkins County in New York's beautiful Finger Lakes Region. It is a large rural county divided into tracts and the parceled out to Revolutionary War soldiers. Settled first by the Iroquois Indian, Amos Sweet was the first white man to settle in 1797. Dryden is named after the poet, John Dryden.
© 2013 Three Sixty Enterprises, LLC. All Rights Reserved.Photos courtesy of P. Simonet, N. Down, manorwoodhomes.com and American Homes of the Finger Lakes.


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Ascendo updates Windows Phone 8 language dictionaries, more translation tools added
Some time ago Ascendo released four language dictionaries for Windows Phone 8. The dictionaries cover Spanish, German, Italian and French. The developers have been hard at work improving things and recently released an update that boosts the translation tools these apps possess.
Most notably, the version 184.108.40.206 update adds an audio pronunciation of the translated word. Which can be very useful for those who struggle outside their native tongue.
Other notable changes to the Ascendo apps includes:
- Phrasebook with twenty categories such as conversation, asking Directions, accommodations, making friends, flirting and emergencies.
- Listen to phrases pronounced in both languages.
- Implemented "Word of the Day" live tile which flips every few seconds to display daily word and summary translation.
- Localization of menus and help text based on language selected in Windows Phone Settings.
- Fixed issue of transitioning between dictionary and German verb conjugator.
- Added high-resolution flag icons for high-end Windows Phones.
- Added menu choice for in-app products; Extended Dictionary, Extended Verb Conjugator & Extended Phrasebook.
- Improved detection & alert if text-to-speech is not installed.
- Switches to online TTS if device has internet access.
- Changed support link to mobile responsive web page.
In addition to the updated features a Portuguese/English Dictionary was released with the update. The Phrasebook is a really nice touch allowing you to quickly search for phrases, eliminating the need to hunt down individual words. The "Word of the Day" feature is also a nice touch for those wanting to learn more of the language. If you're more inclined to use the Ascendo apps as a reference tool, the "Word of the Day" can be disabled in the settings menu.
All totaled, the updated version of the Ascendo language apps takes things to a new level. In just tinkering with the updated Spanish English Dictionary+ app, things went from nice to really good. The developer's hard work seems to have paid off making the Ascendo language dictionaries serious contenders if you're in the market for a translation app.
You can find the free versions of Ascendo's language dictionaries by following the Windows Store links below or scan the QR tags. Each version is free and you can purchase the extended versions (takes the language entries from 70-90K to the hundreds of thousands) within the app for $4.99.
Spanish English Dictionary+ German English Dictionary+
Get the Windows Central Newsletter
All the latest news, reviews, and guides for Windows and Xbox diehards.
George is the Reviews Editor at Windows Central, concentrating on Windows 10 PC and Mobile apps. He's been a supporter of the platform since the days of Windows CE and uses his current Windows 10 Mobile phone daily to keep up with life and enjoy a game during down time.


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An exploration of pizza in and around Rochester, NY, one pizzeria at a time
Tuesday, July 12, 2011
Free Pizza!
I have a gift certificate, good for either one large pizza with two toppings, or one specialty pizza (steak or Buffalo chicken) from our friends at Menezes Pizza on Chili Ave. Menezes turns out very good pizza, in what I think of as Rochester style, with a generous but balanced helping of sauce and cheese to go along with the thickish, bready crust (they'll be happy to make it thin for you on request). I've put a copy of their pizza menu in this post, but they also serve wings, subs and salads.
The giveaway contest will run through next Friday, July 15. To enter, all you've got to do is leave a comment following this post. It can be about pizza, any other topic, or nothing at all. You can leave more than one comment, but multiple comments will not increase your chances of winning.
I'll be mailing the gift certificate to the winner, so I will need your mailing address if you win. You can email it to me at email@example.com. I'll be announcing the winner, who will be chosen at random using random.org, sometime next Friday afternoon.
Okay, comment away!
25 comments:
- AnonymousJuly 8, 2011 at 10:21 AM
Oh I love to sample different pizzas - Can you compare to Tom and Nancy's? Please let me sample yours to compare - you may have a steady customer if the crust the sauce and toppings are top shelf. Not burnt or greasy or too thin. Thanks ! Mrs S.
ReplyDelete Pizza has sustained me since I was a little kid in my Grandma's kitchen. It was always the simple recipe, fresh tomato sauce, thin crust and grated Reggiano Parmesan. (what many call "sauce" pie) As a distance runner, pizza is my favorite meal to this day. I cannot imagine my life without it! Even when I travel throughout the US, I search for my excellent Italian treat. This blog is a great care-free read, and like pizza, comforts me!
ReplyDelete- AnonymousJuly 13, 2011 at 6:26 AM
I am a pizza connoisseur with an open mind. Where ever I have traveled I try the local pizza... What a wake up call when I visited Italy and Sicily expecting American style pizza in the early 80's...Of course there was nothing similar..
Mama's Pizza in Berkley California was one of the best..Probably long gone by now...There are some great local Pizzeria's here in Rochester that this blog has helped to identify...... I went there got a medium cheese w onion and hot peppers and ive tried about 6 of the A ratings from this blog and it did not come close to me for an A. It was ordered on saturday afternoon @ 4 pm i asked it be ready by 5:30 and it was slightly underdone and was bland. in my opinion. This to me was not an A rating id say C for me.


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People who have been in this area for some time will be delighted to see that Alexandra Sokoloff is bringing the work of J. B. and Louisa Rhine to the attention of a new generation. From the 1920s to 1965, the Rhine parapsychology research lab at Duke University added the spice of parapsychology to the local intellectual scene. The Rhines investigated ESP, psychokinesis, and poltergeists. In The Unseen, Laurel MacDonald has left heartbreak in California and moved east to join the Department of Psychology and Neuroscience at Duke University. Professor MacDonald's area of research involves Myers-Briggs typology, but when a library exhibit rekindles her interest in the work of the Rhines, she moves out of her safety zone in more than one sense. She and a handsome co-worker enlist two exceptional students to help duplicate earlier investigations of poltergeists. The four move to Folger House, an estate in Moore County and the site of poltergeist manifestations decades before. The tensions and suspicions among the researchers are nothing compared to what they encounter at Folger House.
Check this title's availability in the UNC-Chapel Hill Library catalog.


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The Pique Web podcast has released their third episode with a special guest, Chris Shiflett, joining hosts Paul Reinheimer and Sean Coates.
n this episode, Chris Shiflett joins hosts Paul Reinhimer and Sean Coates to talk about user accounts, sessions and best practices for modern web applications. Sean also had the opportunity to speak with Lee Fernandes, the creator of the PHP Anthem, and we attached the conversation (and the song) to the end of this episode.
Things mentioned in this episode include BrooklynBeta, 1Password, Weak Web of Trust and the lyrics to the PHP Anthem. You can either directly download this latest mp3 or subscribe to their feed for this and other episodes.


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Kellerweis Hefeweisen
Inspired by traditional Bavarian techniques, Kellerweis is a true artisan experience. With Kellerweis, we brew in open fermentation tanks—a process rarely seen today—to let the ingredients truly shine. The result is a hazy wheat ale—untamed, raw and alive. With a full, fruity aroma and notes of spicy clove and banana bread, Kellerweis is a truly unique brew.


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(Reuters) – Most large employers don't expect to send their full-time employees to government health exchanges for insurance during the next five years, but some retirees and part-time workers will end up there, a new survey has found.
The outlook for corporate insurance in the long term is less certain.
Only about 26 percent of large employers surveyed were very confident their company will offer healthcare benefits in 10 years. That is a slight increase from last year's 23 percent, but a sharp drop from 73 percent five years ago.
About one-half of the people in the United States who have health insurance receive it from their employers. Most of the rest are enrolled in individual plans or government Medicare and Medicaid programs.
More people are expected to buy health insurance at government-run electronic marketplaces, which will start selling plans for 2014 later this year as part of the 2010 U.S. Affordable Care Act.
Consultancy Towers Watson and the National Business Group on Health conducted the annual survey of more than 500 of the nation's largest employers, who self insure, or pay for employee healthcare treatments. The companies were surveyed between November and January, a time when 2013 health plans went into effect and as companies plan for 2014.
During the next five years, 60 percent of large employers said it was not at all likely they would discontinue health care plans for full-time employees and send them to the government exchanges with a financial subsidy for insurance.
Also, 82 percent said they think it was highly unlikely they would direct full-time employees to exchanges without a subsidy.
The Affordable Care Act has implemented a wide range of new rules. More services must be included in plans. Also, companies will need to offer health care insurance to all employees who work more than 30 hours per week or be forced to pay a tax. Because the tax is less than the cost of healthcare for them, some companies may pay the tax instead.
"There will definitely be employers who will be looking to move certain segments of their workforce towards the public exchanges and those segments could be early retirees and they could be part-timers working under 30 hours," said Randall Abbott, senior consultant at Towers Watson.
Among companies where 20 percent or more of their workforce are part time, 29 percent said it was highly likely that in the next five years they would end health care benefits for employees working less than 30 hours per week. Sixty-seven percent said it was unlikely.
The survey found the average premium cost for employers and employees combined rose about 6 percent in 2013 from 2012. Employees paid, on average, $2,888 in annual premiums, up about 8.7 percent from 2012.
Total spending on healthcare in the United States was about $2.7 trillion, and is rising at a rate of about 6 percent a year, although last year it was only about 4 percent.
Companies trying to cut healthcare spending have turned to wellness initiatives, such as charging smokers surcharges. Also, health plans are discouraging healthcare overspending by employees by putting more of the costs on them.
For instance, instead of paying a monthly premium and a co-pay for doctor visits, many employees may pay a lower monthly premium and then pay for the doctor visit out of a special tax-free savings account until they reach a higher-than-usual deductible.
These consumer-directed health plans in which employees have a tax-free health spending account made up 30 percent of most large employers' health plan enrollment in 2013, up from 25 percent in 2012, the survey found.
About 53 percent of employers offer the plans now and 67 percent plan to do so in 2014. It will be the only option at 23 percent of employers in 2014.
In addition to cutting spending, employers cite the Affordable Care Act's 2018 excise tax as the motivation for the plans, according to Abbott of Towers Watson. The tax, often called the Cadillac tax, is expected to apply to companies that offer high-priced plans as a way to discourage overspending on healthcare.
(Reporting By Caroline Humer- Editing By Jilian Mincer and Jeffrey Benkoe)


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NEW DELHI, INDIA: Anger at the practice of demanding dowries, which can lead to violence against brides, has prompted a takeoff of "Angry Birds" called "Angry Brides" that aims to highlight the illegal practice still prevalent in many South Asian countries.
Dowries -- such as jewellery, clothes, cars and money -- are traditionally given by the bride's family to the groom and his parents to ensure she is taken care of in her new home.
The custom was outlawed more than five decades ago. But it is still widely practised, with the groom's family demanding even more money after marriage, leading to mental and physical harassment that can drive the woman to suicide.
In the worst cases, she may be murdered by her husband and his family, often in so-called "stove burnings" where she is doused in kerosene and set on fire.
"The Angry Brides game is our way of throwing a spotlight on the nuisance of dowry," said Ram Bhamidi, senior vice president and head of online marketing for Shaadi.com, a matrimonial website with two million members.
"According to a 2007 study ... there is a dowry-related death every four hours in India. We condemn this menace and have consistently run campaigns on social media to help create awareness of the issue."
The name of the app, available on the group's home page (">www.facebook.com/shaadicom), is a spinoff from the globally popular "Angry Birds" game. Its home page shows a red-clad, eight-armed woman resembling a powerful female Hindu goddess.
Underneath, there is a caption: "A woman will give you strength, care and all the love you need ... NOT dowry!"
To play the game, users have to try and hit three dodging grooms -- a pilot, builder and doctor. There is a wide array of weapons to choose from, including a stiletto shoe, a frying pan, broomstick, tomato and loafer.
Each groom has a price tag, starting at 1.5 million rupees. Every time the player hits a groom, his value decreases and money is added to the player's Anti-Dowry Fund, which is saved posted on their Facebook page.
"Since we launched the game last week, more than 270,000 people have liked the app. Both men and women seem to be playing it," said Bhamidi.
According to latest figures from India's National Crime Records Bureau, there were 8,391 cases of dowry-related deaths in the country and 90,000 cases of torture and cruelty towards women by their husbands or family in 2010.


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BERLIN – Builders working on projects on Route 346 in
Berlin may soon be subject to new aesthetic requirements intended to transform
the industrial and commercial look of the road into something more fit for one
of Berlin's main entrances.
Berlin Planning Commission members had a Route 346
corridor plan on their minds at Wednesday's meeting after considering plans for
two commercial development projects this week.
Planning Commission Chair Pete Cosby said the Route 346
corridor plan needs to be initiated at a higher level. He went on to say the
town most likely needs to enact an ordinance "aggressively seeking to get this
boulevard right."
The road is a hodgepodge of industrial sites including the
now defunct Tyson plant, small businesses, professional buildings, and gas
"We've been talking about it for four years. Maybe it's
time to get a little aggressive," said Cosby.
The plan would govern architectural elements such as brick
color, buried utilities, sidewalks and street trees. The Planning Commission
habitually asks applicants about building materials, architectural details,
landscaping and parking, whether in front or behind the building.
Cosby said one of the projects under consideration
currently called Decatur Crossing would probably be the first substantial
improvement on the north side of the street.
"We've got major stuff coming in. Let's do it right," said
Cosby. "It could be very attractive and it's a benefit to everyone."
The Crossroads office complex prompted a different concern
related to Route 346: increased traffic on an already busy road. The existing
site entrance lies right between the Your Store convenience store at the corner
of Routes 113 and 346 and the Rite Aid pharmacy.
Developer Troy Purnell said that his efforts to work with
Rite Aid to build one entrance for both sites, at his expense, were met with a
rude negative.
"I'm trying to continue the discussion but it's hard after
a letter like that," said Purnell.
The work would also align the entrance with the Food Lion
shopping center entrance, Purnell said.
Former Berlin Planning Commissioner Sandy Coyman, who is
Director of Comprehensive Planning for Worcester County, urged the commission
not to give up on combining those entrances. He suggested having the council
send Rite Aid a letter asking for a face-to-face meeting.
not being a good citizen of Berlin and I think somebody needs to lean on them,"
Coyman said.


text:
Special advisor to chairman provides
knowledge of game, link to Dodgers' past
Dodgers play-by-play legend Vin Scully sits down with Hall of Famer Sandy Koufax to discuss lefties, pitching and the Dodgers |
By Ken Gurnick / MLB.com
By Ken Gurnick / MLB.com
GLENDALE, Ariz. -- Sandy has left the building.
In Elvis fashion, Sandy Koufax finished his initial 10-day Spring Training assignment as special advisor to the Dodgers chairman Thursday having left an unforgettable impression, even on fellow legends.
"The owners have done so many things correctly that have lifted the spirits of fans and everybody in the organization and by bringing Sandy back have added to the optimism," said another iconic Hall of Famer, Vin Scully.
"They've been able to bring back someone whose name has always been linked to the Dodgers, and I'm sure the fans think the owners have done another smart thing. That's the way I look at it. It's just great."
Zack Greinke might win 20 games this year, but the early leader for best acquisition is the 77-year-old Koufax, who won't throw a pitch. Koufax said he will attend an Old Timers Game at Dodger Stadium on June 8 commemorating the 50th anniversary of the 1963 World Series team and perhaps drop in on the club at a series or two on the East Coast.
"Beyond that, I really don't know," he said.
The hiring of Koufax has been universally praised as a coup by the new Guggenheim Partners ownership. In the past, Koufax has been a Spring Training visitor to see staff friends, but always as a private citizen. He hasn't worked for a club since a stint as a Dodgers Minor League instructor from 1979-89.
In addition to the obvious public relations bonanza of the hiring, management wanted to tap into Koufax's teaching strengths, as well as fortify an ongoing mission of reconnecting with players from the Dodgers' glory years.
"I grew up like that with the Yankees," said manager Don Mattingly. "[Mickey] Mantle, Catfish [Hunter], Whitey [Ford]. The Yankees would bring all of them back. Mickey just kind of hung around being Mickey. He was great. Catfish, he and I would go to a back field and he would pitch seven innings to me. He could still throw all right, and he'd try to get me out.
"If you have resources like that, it's just foolish not to use them. And having them around helps your players understand the history of the game. I want guys like that and Tommy Lasorda around, I want them asking why I did this and why I did that. I want the best information. I want Sandy challenging our way of doing things if he thinks there's a better way."
The Dodgers quickly slid Koufax into their daily program, and he worked one on one with many pitchers in camp, especially three of the starters he has counseled in the past -- Clayton Kershaw, Josh Beckett and Chris Capuano.
But Koufax also worked with relievers like Kenley Jansen and Javy Guerra, and young Major Leaguers like Josh Wall. Midway through his stay, the role expanded to one-on-one morning sessions with the top pitching prospects in Minor League camp -- Zack Lee, Chris Reed, Angel Sanchez, Jose Dominguez and converted third baseman Pedro Baez, who Koufax said shocked him by displaying "four Major League pitches" even though he's thrown only one inning in his life, in instructional league.
"When I came back to the organization in 2001, one of the major goals was to get the Dodgers back to the way they taught pitching for so many years," said pitching coach Rick Honeycutt. "They had gotten away from it, from the way it was taught by the great pitching coaches like Red Adams, Ron Perranoski, Dave Wallace and Sandy.
"The great thing about having Sandy around is to listen to the stories of success, not just his great talent pitching, but his ability to say in simple terms what we're trying to accomplish. I've always felt that I'm an extension of him in that way. And it was especially great for him to work with our Minor League coaches so we're all on the same page. Who better to learn from than the best?"
Koufax's presence lured autograph seekers in such numbers that management had to deploy metal crowd barriers after he was nearly overwhelmed the second day walking from one field to another.
If shy in public, Koufax was anything but when in his baseball element.
"All the great moments in my life that I cherish came back to the surface, being able to relive them with Sandy," said former teammate Maury Wills, still a bunting instructor at age 80. "Since he's been here, it's like reliving all those great moments.
"Surprisingly, he seems to be enjoying participating. He's so quiet and humble. But just to see him get involved is such a pleasure. I feel that two days from now, he'll realize how much he enjoyed it. It might get to the point where he's missing being here."
Koufax had a different but undeniable impact on players like catcher A.J. Ellis.
"What his presence says from the standpoint of the players and the people in the organization is that, through the ownership change, they are bringing back a Dodger legend and royalty that has earned and deserves to be part of the organization," said Ellis.
"The time between innings and bullpens, I'll never forget the insight he's given me to the mental side of pitching and game-calling, and it's something I'll carry into the season."
Ken Gurnick is a reporter for MLB.com. This story was not subject to the approval of Major League Baseball or its clubs.


text:
Campaigners protesting the closure by Lambeth council of Carnegie Library in Herne Hill, south London on day 3 of its occupation, 3rd April 2016. The angry local community in the south London borough have occupied their important resource for learning and social hub for the weekend. After a long campaign by locals, Lambeth have gone ahead and closed the library's doors for the last time because they say, cuts to their budget mean millions must be saved. A gym will replace the working library and while some of the 20,000 books on shelves will remain, no librarians will be present to administer it.
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Lee Trampleasure will Receive the 2014 Homer L. Dodge Citation for Distinguished Service to AAPT
College Park, MD, October 15, 2013—AAPT has announced that Lee Trampleasure will receive the association's Homer L. Dodge Citation for Distinguished Service to AAPT during the 2014 Winter Meeting in Orlando, Florida.
Lee teaches physics and physical science at Carondelet High School in Concord, California. A practitioner of the Modeling Method of Instruction and an experienced Modeling Workshop leader, he uses model construction, testing and application in his classroom to frame student thinking and learning. He identifies his major classroom accomplishments as integration of computers and technology in teaching, development of labs and field trips, and integration of music and theater into course curricula.
He serves as Section Representative for the Northern California/Nevada Section. In this role he not only represents the members of his section at AAPT National Meetings, he also serves as a valued and contributing member of the Section Representatives group. This group is part of the AAPT Council, part of the association's governance. He has volunteered to assist other section in setting up section websites and offering computer or software-related questions.
Lee has attended several National AAPT meetings and has presented sessions and let workshops at both the local and national level. He is not only committed to teaching Physics well, he is committed to supporting his fellow Physics teachers through his leadership in NCNAAPT and mentoring new teachers.
Regarding his selection to receive this award, he said, "Creating and maintaining a web presence is an important community building tool for our Sections—but this is often perceived as a daunting task requiring webmasters holding special skills. These days, however, websites can be maintained by anyone who can surf the web and word process. I'm glad to be able to help Sections break through the silicon ceiling and create websites that can be quickly and easily updated."
About the Homer L. Dodge Citation for Distinguished Service to AAPT
Established in 1953 and renamed in recognition of AAPT founder Homer L. Dodge in 2012, the Homer L. Dodge Citation for Distinguished Service to AAPT is presented to members in recognition of their exceptional contributions to the association at the national, sectional, or local level.
About AAPT
AAPT is an international organization for physics educators, physicists, and industrial scientists—with members worldwide. Dedicated to enhancing the understanding and appreciation of physics through teaching, AAPT provides awards, publications, and programs that encourage teaching practical application of physics principles, support continuing professional development, and reward excellence in physics education. AAPT was founded in 1930 and is headquartered in the American Center for Physics in College Park, Maryland.
For more information: Contact Marilyn Gardner, Director of Communications, email@example.com, (301) 209-3306, (301) 209-0845 (Fax), www.aapt.org.


text:
Senior Care Can Help You Cope with a Temporary Disability
Hiring a temporary senior caregiver can make a huge difference in the lives of elderly individuals who have suffered from a fall or other disability. If your parent, aging loved one, or family member has recently suffered a disability or other mobility problem and is recovering, he or she may require a lot of care and supervision from you until mobility is restored. If you don't have the time to devote to your loved one or if he or she prefers to remain in the comfort of his/her own home, hiring a senior care provider can make recovery easier for your loved one.
How Senior Care Can Make a Difference For Your Loved One
Some parents enter assisted living facilities, others move in nursing homes, and others move closer to or in with a child. Should your loved one prefer the comfort of his or her own home, or if he or she lives alone and requires transportation or help of any kind, a senior care provider can help. Whether your loved one is recovering at his or her home or yours, it's a good idea to hire a senior care provider who can assist your parent with shopping, cleaning, cooking, daily household chores, bathing, and any other necessary tasks that have become difficult and in some instances dangerous to carry out. A senior care provider is still available to help if the situation is ongoing and if the disability is long term.
A senior care provider can also help parents and loved ones with mobility problems who fear they'll fall again by evaluating your parent's home to make sure it's safe. Your senior care provider will make sure to:
Remove clutter from the floor (and do so regularly to prevent trips and falls).
Clearing the hallway and space between your loved one's bed and the bathroom.
Ensure that all floor rugs are fastened down, or replaced with safer options.
Install or help choose proper grab bars for the bathroom, i.e. near the toilet and shower.
Improve lighting near staircases, doorways, and hallways.
Ensure all steps have handrails next to them.
When recovering, your parent, spouse, or loved one should not carry heavy loads (this includes laundry, garbage, etc…) as they could lose their balance and become destabilized. A senior care provider can help with everyday tasks such as these, and help prepare meals, run errands, and provide means of transportation. Even if your loved one has been lucky enough to avoid a mobility limiting disability, he or she may still suffer from arthritis and any other minor injury that could limit movement.
Your loved one may be at risk for falls while recovering from a temporary disability. This is especially true if he or she has difficulty walking or getting up from chairs or out of bed, difficulty maintaining balance, or feelings of dizziness and weakness. Loved ones with Alzheimer's sometimes forget limitations and are at an increased risk for future injuries. Prevent a fall or injury from occurring during recovery period with help from a senior care provider.
Senior care is one option for aging parents and loved ones with temporary disabilities as it allows them to remain safely in their homes as long as possible and recover safely—caregivers visit as needed and take care of everyday tasks and services, including cleaning, running regular errands (cleaning and stocking the refrigerator), managing doctor's appointments, and accident proofing your loved one's home—this includes checking rugs to prevent slips, adding safety bars to the shower, and anything else to prevent falls and ensure a safe living environment. These small steps of senior care can really ease the burden on your loved one and make a big difference in their quality of life during his/her period of recovery.
Most individuals aren't sure if they need help or don't know the next steps to finding senior care. Proper planning is one way to alleviate future stress—contact a compassionate senior care provider and learn more about services and options.


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Table of Contents
Oxy Asks California Court to Render the Leonard Law Powerless in Serious Cases of Censorship
On the Ides of March of this year, former Occidental College student Jason Antebi filed suit against his alma mater for an array of abuses it has taken FIRE the past months to fully recount. In the most recent back and forth in the legal battle, Oxy is largely relying on one very interesting (and very wrong) argument: that the Leonard Law protects only students who are currently enrolled at their respective universities.
The Leonard Law was passed in the early '90s in order to combat the rise of speech codes on private campuses, including my alma mater Stanford. Thanks to California Education Code 94367 (known as "the Leonard Law"), the Stanford speech code was overturned in Corry v. Stanford, Case No. 74309 (1995) (that opinion is, for some reason, unpublished, a practice in California that keeps important decisions from becoming binding precedent—a scandalous practice, in my opinion, but a topic for another time).
The Leonard Law reads:
(a) No private postsecondary educational institution shall make or enforce any rule subjecting any student to disciplinary sanctions solely on the basis of conduct that is speech or other communication that, when engaged in outside the campus or facility of a private postsecondary institution, is protected from governmental restriction by the First Amendment to the United States Constitution or Section 2 of Article 1 of the California Constitution.
(b) Any student enrolled in a private postsecondary institution that has made or enforced any rule in violation of subdivision (a) may commence a civil action to obtain appropriate injunctive and declaratory relief as determined by the court. Upon motion, a court may award attorney's fees to a prevailing plaintiff in a civil action pursuant to this section. [Emphasis added.]
Oxy is trying to take advantage of the ambiguity of what "enrolled" means. Oxy would like it to mean "any student who is currently enrolled" at a university; therefore Jason, who is no longer a student at Oxy, could not sue under the law. Any ambiguity in the law, however, is easily cleared up by the plain intent of the law as stated in Deering's California Codes Annotated: "It is the intent of the Legislature that a student shall have the same right to exercise his or her right to free speech on campus as he or she enjoys when off campus."
If the intent of the law is taken seriously, the only possible interpretation of this language is that the Leonard Law protects students enrolled at the time of the harm as opposed to Oxy's suggested "currently enrolled" interpretation. If the Leonard Law does not protect any student not currently enrolled, then any student who has been expelled or has graduated loses his or her legal recourse; therefore, students in California would enjoy only a shadow of the protections afforded students off campus, in clear violation of the intent of the law.
Take, for example, Papish v. Board of Curators of University of Missouri, 410 U.S. 667 (1973), a seminal case in the history of student rights. Papish dealt with a student who was expelled from school for publishing a student newspaper many considered offensive. The Supreme Court held that "the mere dissemination of ideas—no matter how offensive to good taste—on a state university campus may not be shut off in the name alone of 'conventions of decency'" and ordered that the student be reinstated. Under Oxy's wishful interpretation of the Leonard Law, Papish would have no recourse, since she was not enrolled at the time of the lawsuit.
Other essential student First Amendment cases, such as Board of Regents v. Southworth, 529 U.S. 217 (2000), would fail under the Leonard Law, since the wronged students in those cases would have graduated by the time the case was decided.
A perverse consequence of Oxy's proposed reading of the Leonard Law is that a California college could completely insulate itself from a free speech lawsuit by expelling any student it wishes to punish for protected speech, rather than giving him or her some lesser sanction. Imagine the shockwave this will create in California higher education if the California courts side with Oxy's unjustified reading of the Leonard Law: Schools like Oxy would be faced with the choice: (1) suspend a student who offended other students or (2) simply expel him or her to protect the schools from a Leonard Law suit. Does this sound like the intent of a legislature that wished to grant students "the same right to exercise his or her right to free speech on campus as he or she enjoys when off campus"?
Oxy's actions remain some of the worst I have seen at my time at FIRE. I have sometimes been disappointed by the California courts in the past, but I trust the courts will understand that granting Oxy's interpretation of the Leonard Law will render the law essentially meaningless when the violations of free speech are the most serious.
Recent Articles
FIRE's award-winning Newsdesk covers the free speech news you need to stay informed.


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The prostate is a small gland the size of a walnut that surrounds the urethra between the bladder and penis.
The prostate can enlarge to more than a lemon size and squeeze off the urine flow through the urethra. While the prostate has no role in the passage of urine, when it is irritated men can have a host of urine flow related issues such as:
> Frequency and urgency to urinate
> Trouble starting or stopping the urine flow
> Waking up at night to urinate
> Never feeling the bladder fully emptied
According to WebMD, prostate concerns are a normal part of aging and will affect 90% of men over 85. According to Ayurveda, this is not considered a normal part of aging.
The Ayurvedic Prostate
According to Ayurveda, the prostate is a pitta organ, which means it is hot or prone to irritation. Men who have pitta body types are generally more susceptible to issues involving the prostate. Since prostate concerns rarely affect men till they are over 40, it is reasonable to assume that the underpinnings of the prostate's ill health status lie somewhere else.
According to Ayurveda, the first stages of irritation in the body start in the digestive system presenting as occasional acid digestion issues and/or loose and frequent bowel movements. Once the intestinal villi become irritated, the lymph on the outside of the gut wall slowly congests.
The reproductive organs, which the prostate is a part of, drain through the gut associated lymph tissue (GALT). When the lymph drainage channels become blocked, the prostate can irritate and congest. It should be made clear that this is not a normal or expected process of aging.
Here are some pitta-reducing strategies that may support prostate health:
1. Eat more pitta pacifying foods—these are cooling and predominately harvested in the summer.
2. Avoid hot, spicy, pungent, salty or sour foods.
3. Stay hydrated with plain room temperature water.
4. Get regular exercise and/or practice yoga to move the lymph.
5. Address any digestive issues.
Herbal Support for Lifelong Prostate Health
There are a few herbs that have shown to be great support for the prostate.
Boswellia serrata
Known as Indian frankincense, Boswellia serrata has been used for thousands of years to support a natural and healthy response to irritation and congestion in the gut, joints and prostate. Boswellia is a powerful inhibitor of an enzyme called 5-lipoxygenase which is involved in the proliferation of irritating cytokines in the body. Supportive but not conclusive research has found Boswellia to be an effective tool for establishing a normal cytokine activity response in the gut, joints and prostate. (3)
Saw Palmetto
Used by over two million men in the United States, saw palmetto (Serenoa repens) remains the number one defense for prostate health.
The active constituents in saw palmetto support the prostate in several ways. The main constituent, beta sitosterol, inhibits enzymes that convert testosterone into dihydrotestosterone (DHT) which is a hormone that supports unhealthy prostate function and size. (4)
These active constituents of the saw palmetto bind to DHT receptors on prostate cells, reducing DHT's potential negative impact. (4)
In some 18 clinical trials, saw palmetto supported optimal urinary tract health involving 2,939 men. (5) This included healthy nighttime urination. The same analysis indicated further prostate support when other phytonutrients like Pygeum africanum were added.
Saw palmetto has also been shown to:
> Support healthy estrogen and testosterone balance (6)
> Inhibits alpha-reductase, which converts testosterone to its more toxic form dihydrotestosterone (DHT) (7)
> Reduces prolactin-induced prostate growth (8)
> Generally reduces congestion (9)
> Reduces IGF-1-induced prostate growth (10)
Pygeum Africanum
Pygeum africanum, or red stinkwood, has been used for approximately 300 years for support of the urinary tract system. It has been shown to block androgen precursors, reduces prolactin levels, and has a decongesting effect, all of which play a supportive role in prostate health. (11)
In animal studies, Pygeum supported both bladder and prostate health. The bark extract increases prostatic secretions and improves seminal fluid composition. (11)
Pumpkin Seeds
Pumpkin Seeds (Cucurbita pepo) are naturally rich in phytosterols, antioxidants, and unsaturated fatty acids (55% linoleic acid). A randomized, controlled, double-blind, three-month study reported healthy urinary flow, urination time, residual urine, and urinary frequency without any adverse effects. (12)
Uva Ursi (Arctostaphylos uva-ursi), derived from the Uva-Ursi leaf, contains 10% of the glycoside arbutin, which is beneficial for its immune support against foreign microbes and healthy lymph draining and circulation properties. (13)
Zinc inhibits 5a reductase, the enzyme that converts testosterone to its more potent form, dihydro testosterone, believed to be most responsible for proliferative changes to the prostate. (14)
While there are numerous herbs that support optimal prostate health as described above, it is always important to evaluate the individual who has the prostate issues. Check their body type, digestive weaknesses, circulation issues, lifestyle, diet, exercise and stress levels. Addressing these issues, along with good prostate support, just may be your ticket to lifelong prostate health.
1. Roumeguere T, BJU Int. 2009 Aug;104(4):511-7
2. Colli JL, Curr Urol Rep. 2009 May;10(3):165-71
3. Roy S. Antioxid Redox Signal. 2006 Mar-Apr;8(3-4):653-60
4. Gerber GS. J Urol. 2000 May;163(5):1408-12
5. Wilt TJ. Public Health Nutr. 2000 Dec;3(4A):459-72
6. Di Silverio F, Eur Urol. 1992;21(4):309-14. [PMID: 1281103]
7. Marks LS. Urology. 2001May;57(5):999-1005. [PMID: 11337315]
8. Vacher P. J Biomed Sci. 1995 Oct;2(4):357-365.[PMID: 11725073]>
9. Tarayre JP. Ann Pharm Fr. 1983;41(6):559-70. [PMID: 6677168]
10. Wadsworth TL. Endocrinology. 200Jul;145(7):3205-14. Epub 2004 Mar 19 [PMID: 15033918]
11. http://www.uchsc.edu/sop/pharmd/6.Experiential_Programs/-downloads/pygeum.pdf {Accessed 20 Jan 2010}
12. Edgar AD, et al. Neurourol Urodyn. 2007;26(4):458-63; discussion 464. Review. [PMID: 17397059]
13. Jahodr L. Cesk Farm. 1985 Jun;34(5):174-8. [PMID:4040436]
14. Yarnell E. World J Urol. 2002. Nov;20(5):285-93. [PMID: 12522584]
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Ed: Bryonie Wise