text:
IRC, OFTC, #debian-hurd, 2012-09-24
<allesa> hello, I'm trying to get familiar with the Hurd and would like to
change the keyboard layout in use. It seems all the information I can
find (relating to console-driver-xkb) is out of date, with the latest
info relating to it being that this package should not be used anymore…
<allesa> does anyone know how changing keyboard layouts currently works?
<allesa> ah, never mind. I assume it doesn't currently work:
<allesa> *http://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/hurd/console.html
<youpi> it does actually work
<youpi> simply dpkg-reconfigure keyboard-configuration
<youpi> and reboot
<youpi> (see http://www.debian.org/ports/hurd/hurd-install
<youpi> )
<allesa> mhm, I got that far — but selecting my layout gave me no joy, even
after restart. Seem to be stuck with the layout chosen during
installation (d-i). Just to check I'm using the right version — still on
the installer isos from 15 July?
<allesa> wait… progress is being made — slowly and subtly…
<allesa> Ok, so the XKBLAYOUT is changing as you described, but XKBVARIANT
seems to be ignored. Could this be right?
<youpi> yes, the hurd console only supports keymaps
<youpi> (currently)
<allesa> Ah OK, thanks for your help on this. I imagine this is not
something that just requires simple repetitive work, but some actual
<allesa> to fix that is…
<youpi> some hacking yes
IRC, freenode, #hurd, 2013-07-10
<pinotree> http://xkbcommon.org/ ¡û sounds interesting for our console
IRC, freenode, #hurd, 2013-10-01
<pinotree> teythoon_: df: `/dev/cons': Operation not supported
<pinotree> missing/stub implementation in the console translator?
IRC, freenode, #hurd, 2013-10-02
<teythoon_> pinotree: yes, df does file_statfs which fails
IRC, freenode, #hurd, 2013-10-22
<C-Keen> hello hurders! I happened to watch samuel's gnu hackers talk and
wanted to start to use the hurd more regularily. However I noticed that
when I use the preinstalled image, there seems to be some issue with the
console driver
<C-Keen> when I start emacs the mode line is drawn 3 times above the bottom
of the screen
<C-Keen> is this know or did I miss a step in setting it up? Or should I
use the debian installer and start from scratch again?
<youpi> C-Keen: it's probably unknown, and not an issue on your side. Did
you try to upgrade to the latest packages?
<C-Keen> youpi: doing that now
<C-Keen> my base image is debian-hurd-20130504.img
<youpi> still an issue with the latest packages indeed
<youpi> it seems emacs and the hurd console don't agree on the number of
<youpi> C-Keen: you can set TERM=vt100 to work around the issue
<C-Keen> ah alright.
<youpi> or TERM=linux
<C-Keen> youpi: can you start the emacs in X? I get an empty window here
<youpi> I never tried
<youpi> I never use emacs :)
<C-Keen> I see ;)
<youpi> it seems there's a bug in cud1 indeed
<C-Keen> what's cud1?
<youpi> see man 5 terminfo
<braunr> yes it's a terminfo problem
<braunr> the hurd console isn't well defined there
<youpi> braunr: actually it seems like a bug in emacs
<youpi> cud may or may not scroll the screen, depending on the
IRC, freenode, #hurd, 2013-12-28
<braunr> ahem, looks like the last xkb-data package dropped
/usr/share/X11/xkb/compat/default :/
<ivanshmakov> braunr: Looks more like an upstream issue; check, e. g.,
<ivanshmakov> braunr: Slightly more surprising is that xkb-data 2.8 was
packaged for Debian last Sunday. While the upstream has released 2.10.1
back in October, as per
<gg0> ivanshmakov:
<ivanshmakov> gg0: ACK, thanks. (No idea how did I read 2.10.1 as 2.8, as I
was looking on essentially the same information.)
IRC, freenode, #hurd, 2013-12-30
<ZenWalker> on debian/hurd, with startx, show the error "cannot open
keyboard (no such file or directory)"
<braunr> ZenWalker: what version of xkb-data do you have ?
<ZenWalker> braunr: 2.10.1-1
<braunr> ZenWalker: there is a bug in that package
<braunr> you can confirm it by spotting an error during system startup that
mentions a missing "compat/default" file
<braunr> this prevents the hurd console from starting
<braunr> and without the hurd console, xorg can't find the input device
<braunr> hopefully it will be fixed soon
<ZenWalker> braunr: yes, "couldn't open include file "compat/default""
<ZenWalker> thanks
IRC, freenode, #hurd, 2013-12-31
<braunr> youpi1: fyi, xkb-data doesn't provide compat/default, which
prevents the hurd console from starting
<ZenWalker> braunr: X works with xkb-data 2.5.1-3 :)
<braunr> maybe xkb-data isn't the problem
<braunr> maybe we need to fix the hurd-console
<braunr> youpi: we should probably fix the hurd with regard to xkb-data
before releasing the next packages
<braunr> it's very unlikely that xkb-data will be fixed
<braunr> they say compat/default is unused since march 2012
IRC, freenode, #hurd, 2014-01-01
<DusXMT> Is anyone else having problems with the console?
<gg0> downgrade xkb-data to
<DusXMT> ty
IRC, freenode, #hurd, 2014-01-04
<mihi> does anybody know if the fact that aptitude looks shitty on the hurd
console is a bug in the console implementation or some broken
term{cap,info} config?
<youpi> ncurses is pending a terminfo fix, possibly related
<youpi> you can try to recompile your hurd terminfo entry, adding xenl to
it, and see whether it fixes it
<mihi> hmm, just did an aptitude upgrade, and now after a restart the Hurd
console does not even start any more (did not mess with my terminfo yet)
<mihi> Couldn't open include file "compat/default"
<youpi> yes, xkb-data broke, downgrade it
<mihi> youpi, to which version?
<youpi> well, the previous one :)
<mihi> (or can aptitude or another tool show me what version I had
<youpi> you can simply take the but-last on snapshot.debian.org
<mihi> youpi, thanks, that helped. And adding xenl to hurd.ti and
recompiling helped, too :)
IRC, freenode, #hurd, 2014-01-13
<gnu_srs> Couldn't open include file "compat/default" from the console
<teythoon> that has been reported on the ml and as debian bug
<teythoon> a workaround is both in the upcoming hurd package as well as in
the ones i provide in hurd-ci
<gnu_srs> Any workaround for the hang in the console for now?
<teythoon> there is no hang
<teythoon> there is simply no getty
<gnu_srs> how come?
<gnu_srs> and the xkb-data problems I thought was causing problems with the
hurd console to start, not the mach console.
<teythoon> gnu_srs: exactly, the missing xkb data prevents your
hurd-console from running
IRC, freenode, #hurd, 2014-02-05
<bu^> btw, does the console handle other keymaps than the qwerty US one ?
Samuel thibault talked about this during his fosdem conference
<braunr> it does
<braunr> check /etc/default/hurd-console
<bu^> how ? I mean which lib does it use, because I face a similar issue
with my programms and would like a "smart" way to handle this (meaning
not reimplement something doing it worse)
<bu^> thx
<braunr> bu^: xkb
<bu^> I'm not clear with xkb and how much it is related to xorg, I would
like to be xorg independant, but the hurd console also should be and it
seems to work
<youpi> bu^: xkb is just a library
<youpi> xorg uses it
<youpi> but other applications can use it
<youpi> it just happens to be maintained by x.org people
<bu^> oh ok, nice, I'll look at it
<bu^> we are talking about this one ?
<youpi> yes
<bu^> btw the way special caracters like é or à breaks the backspace
(erase) key as it will not count properly the number of caracters on the
<bu^> and I end up with remaining caracters I can't erase
<bu^> I also started to look for this one but didn't find a proper way to
use it as a library http://www.kbd-project.org
<youpi> bu^: probably a bogus locale
<youpi> that just works for me
IRC, freenode, #hurd, 2014-02-25
<gg0> to reproduce "task f5ca6e40 deallocating an invalid port 1711, most
probably a bug." just restart hurd-console


text:
I was asked to discuss reading (and reading education) from my perspective recently. Here's the reply I gave…
The students I teach now, like other university students I have taught, have the ability to read. They are perfectly able to move their eyes over a page, or a screen, and recognize the typographical symbols as letters that make up words that make up sentences or lines.
The problems they face usually relate to a narrow concept of reading, which includes an unwillingness to read a wider variety of texts. These are not problems that are restricted to well-qualified, well-educated university students who are expert readers. As the networked computer provides tremendous access to writing and transforms our experience of language, all of are asked to rethink and enlarge our reading ability.
One problem with reading too narrowly is the view that reading is only instrumental. People who spend a significant portion of their lives speaking to their friends and family members about nothing – simply because they enjoy company and conversation – will sometimes refuse to believe that reading can a pleasure in and of itself. Reading is too often seen only as a tool, to allow one to follow instructions, determine the ingredients in packaged food, or to learn about some news event or underlying argument.
To try to enlarge a student's idea of reading, I might present a text that, whether said aloud or imagined to one's self, communicates almost nothing and is simply beautiful. To take a very conservative example:
Glooms of the live-oaks, beautiful-braided and woven
With intricate shades of the vines that myriad-cloven
Clamber the forks of the multiform boughs,—
Emerald twilights,—
Virginal shy lights,
Wrought of the leaves to allure to the whisper of vows,
When lovers pace timidly down through the green colonnades
Of the dim sweet woods, of the dear dark woods,
Of the heavenly woods and glades,
That run to the radiant marginal sand-beach within
The wide sea-marshes of Glynn;—
This is from an American poem, Sidney Lanier's The Marshes of Glynn, published in 1878. It shows that it is not necessary to turn to some almost unrecognizable avant-garde poem to see how sound can overflow meaning, providing a pleasure that has almost nothing to do with communication. Lanier had a very musical view of poetry, but this poem does not need to be sung or played by an expert musician. Anyone who can read English can bring it alive.
Another problem with a narrow concept of reading is not understanding the full range of what can be read. Students are comfortable reading pages and feeds, and reading emails and IMs, but it is not always as clear how they might read around in the library to explore as researchers, how they might read an unusual Web site or other complex digital object, or how they might read their daily urban environment. Those of us familiar with art and literature will habitually "view" something in the former category, perhaps not even noticing that it may be legible.
To address this issue, I do turn to an almost unrecognizable avant-garde poem, Steve McCaffery's Carnival, the first panel. This Canadian concrete poem, typed in a red and black in an amazing configuration of characters, seems to many to be an artwork but was created by a poet and published as poetry. Unlike the most famous Brazilian concrete poems, this is an example of "dirty concrete" that many do not even see, initially, as legible. Students who are able to assume the attitude of readers find that it can be read, however, and that it has an amazing ability to disclose things about reading: Our assumptions in how to trace words and letters in space, our ability to fill in partly-missing and entirely missing letters, the question of how to sound fragments of words and patterns of punctuation marks.
The first page of Carnival, panel one, is from the
Coach House online edition.
When people learn how to speak a language – whether as an infant or later in life – they sometimes simply babble or chat. Everyone would agree that a learner should be allowed to enjoy speaking and listening, to enjoy making and hearing the sounds of a language, in addition to caring about the purposeful uses of that language. I believe it's the same for reading. Reading is more than just a process of decipherment that provides an information payload. It gives us special access to the pleasures of language and to its complexities. Any sighted person, with or without any English, can look at the first panel of Carnival. But only a reader can both view it and read it, comprehending it as a visual design and as language. If a reader is unwilling to hear The Marshes of Glynn, it could be understood simply as a botanical catalog with some lovers traipsing about here and there. To hear, instead, the play of sound and sense, is to encounter something new, to understand another aspect of words and how they work.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Facebook has just filed a sixth amendment to its S-1 filing to IPO in order to provide more transparency about how the shift of its user base from the web to mobile is causing it to show fewer ads per user, which could hurt revenue in the long term. Facebook also granted about $796 million in restricted stock units to employees less than a week ago, which was in the previous S-1 amendment but wasn't widely reported. I've excerpted the significant changes and embedded the whole S-1 below. Specifically, Facebook is warning investors that daily active user count is rising faster than the number of ads the site is showing, which it predicts will lead to a lower average revenue per user.
As we noted when Facebook originally filed, it hasn't proven its ability to monetize mobile yet. It now has Sponsored Stories ads running in the mobile news feed, but it can't show nearly as many ads in this format as it does on the web, where it often shows four to seven ads per page, though less prominently in the sidebar.
By injecting ads directly into the news feed, Facebook is meddling with one of the most addictive features of the site. If it shows too many ads, users could become less prone to frequent return visits, and might spend less time browsing the feed. The company must walk the tightrope, testing to see how many in-feed ads it can get away with.
While on the web it can keep ad presence in the news feed conservative, on mobile this is it's only real revenue driver. Facebook may have to slowly ramp up the frequency of mobile feed ads in order to acclimate its users. Unlike other free mobile apps that plaster banner ads over content or force users through interstitials, Facebook is trying to pioneer a less obtrusive way to monetize mobile through ads. Unfortunately, investors may be weary of weathering the process with their money on the line.
Here's the important changes to the S-1, in bolded to separate them from surrounding context in the first two instances below:
Page 14: "We do not currently directly generate any meaningful revenue from the use of Facebook mobile products, and our ability to do so successfully is unproven. We believe this increased usage of Facebook on mobile devices has contributed to the recent trend of our daily active users (DAUs) increasing more rapidly than the increase in the number of ads delivered. If users increasingly access Facebook mobile products as a substitute for access through personal computers, and if we are unable to successfully implement monetization strategies for our mobile users, or if we incur excessive expenses in this effort, our financial performance and ability to grow revenue would be negatively affected."
Page 17: "Our culture also prioritizes our user engagement over short-term financial results, and we frequently make product decisions that may reduce our short-term revenue or profitability if we believe that the decisions are consistent with our mission and benefit the aggregate user experience and will thereby improve our financial performance over the long term. As an example, we believe that the recent trend of our DAUs increasing more rapidly than the increase in the number of ads delivered has been due in part to certain pages having fewer ads per page as a result of these kinds of product decisions. These decisions may not produce the long-term benefits that we expect, in which case our user growth and engagement, our relationships with developers and advertisers, and our business and results of operations could be harmed.
Page 57: "Based upon our experience in the second quarter of 2012 to date, the trend we saw in the first quarter of DAUs increasing more rapidly than the increase in number of ads delivered has continued. We believe this trend is driven in part by increased usage of Facebook on mobile devices where we have only recently begun showing an immaterial number of sponsored stories in News Feed, and in part due to certain pages having fewer ads per page as a result of product decisions. For additional information on factors that may affect these matters, see "Risk Factors—Growth in use of Facebook through our mobile products, where our ability to monetize is unproven, as a substitute for use on personal computers may negatively affect our revenue and financial results" and "Risk Factors—Our culture emphasizes rapid innovation and prioritizes user engagement over short-term financial results."
Page 78, regarding the RSUS: "On May 3, 2012, we granted an aggregate of 25,257,815 RSUs. We will determine the fair value of these grants during the second quarter. If the fair value of our Class A common stock was $31.50, the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, the aggregate grant date fair value would be approximately $796 million."
The RSUS grant will serve as a reward for hard-working employees, and could be worth a ton if Facebook's stock price pops and holders wait to sell them. It could also encourage employees to stick around after the IPO if they're set to vest over a long period of time. Kim-Mai Cutler has deeper analysis about what this RSUS grant means.
I've learned that analysts at Facebook's first IPO roadshow events have been especially concerned about how Facebook's ad business will be impacted by the shift to mobile. Adding additional transparency to its S-1 is Facebook's attempt to be up front with critics. By showing it recognizes the problem rather than sweeping it under the rug, investors could be more confident the company will come up with a solution.
[Image Credit: WatBlog]


text:
- Home
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Suffolk ChapterEvents View the latest events from this chapter.Welcome to the web page of the Suffolk Chapter of the New York State Society for Clinical Social Work, Inc. The Suffolk Chapter covers Suffolk County on Long Island. The Suffolk Chapter Board meets on a quarterly basis, as needed, at various locations in Suffolk County. The Chapter also conducts periodic educational workshops, either after the end of a Chapter Board meeting or as a separate educational program. The Chapter holds an annual education conference each year in the Spring for which a registration fee is charged (at a discount for Society members). You may check the Suffolk Chapter Calendar for information about these meetings, educational programs and other activities. The Chapter has an Adelphi University Liaison Committee, Disaster Preparedness Committee, Education Committee, Legislative Committee, Membership Committee, Mentorship Committee, Vendorship Committee and a Website Committee. If you have any questions about a committee or wish to join a committee, you may contact the committee's chairperson listed below. You may check the Suffolk Chapter Calendar for information about committee meetings and programs. We welcome you to attend our Chapter Board meetings, educational workshops, annual education conference and other activities, to learn about the Society and the Suffolk Chapter, to join with us and to participate actively in Suffolk Chapter activities. Chapter LeadershipPresident Sandra Jo Lane, LCSW-R Vice-President: Diane Freedman, PhD., LCSW Treasurer: Kathy LaFemina, MSW, LCSW Membership Chair: Sharon Greaney-Watt, MSW, LCSW, CASAC Chapter CommitteesAdelphi University Liaison CommitteeThe Adelphi University Liaison Committee conducts outreach to students and faculty at Adelphi University Graduate School of Social Work campus in Suffolk County to explain the benefits of Society membership to faculty and students. This Committee also coordinates the Chapter's annual scholarship award to an MSW student at the Adelphi Suffolk Campus who intends to enter clinical social work. For further information about the Adelphi University Liaison Committee or to volunteer to serve on this committee, you may contact the committee chairperson. Disaster Preparedness CommitteeThe Society's Disaster Preparedness Committee works to develop a list of training resources where members who wish to volunteer in disaster situations can receive approved training, as well as a list of organizations where they can volunteer once they are trained. The Committee also works to compile a list of members who are trained in disaster response and the disaster response organizations with whom they are affiliated. To obtain training, locate an organization where you can volunteer, to inform the Society if you have had disaster response training and/or are a volunteer in a disaster response organization, or if you want information about disaster response preparedness you may contact the committee chairperson. Terry Greenberg, MSW, LCSW Education CommitteeThe Education Committee plans, coordinates and implements the Chapter's educational efforts, including various educational workshops and the Chapter's annual education conference. For further information about the Education Committee or to volunteer to serve on this committee, you may contact the committee chairperson. Irene Dashiell, MSW, LCSW, BCD Legislative CommitteeThe Legislative Committee discusses legislative issues and works closely with the Society's Legislative Committee to help implement the Society's legislative agenda. The chairperson of the Legislative Committee is a member of the Society's Legislative Committee, which organizes all of the Society's legislative activities. For further information about the Legislative Committee or to volunteer to serve on this committee, you may contact the committee chairperson. Membership CommitteeThe Membership Committee works to attract new members to the Society and to provide opportunities for networking among members of the Chapter. For further information about the Membership Committee or to volunteer to serve on this committee, you may contact the committee chairperson. Sharon Greaney-Watt, MSW, LCSW Mentorship CommitteeThe Mentorship Committee provides opportunities for MSW students, recent MSW graduates and MSW members who are early in their clinical social work careers, to partake in mentorship groups where they can network, discuss topics pertinent to their development as clinical social workers and can receive guidance, support, nurturance and advice to further their professional development as clinical social workers. For further information about the Mentorship Committee, to join a mentorship group or to volunteer to serve on this committee or to lead a mentorship group you may contact the committee chairperson. Charles Greco, MSW, LCSW, BCD Website CommitteeThe Website Committee makes sure that the Society's website remains current and responsive to the needs of the Society. Each chapter has a chapter website coordinator who is a member of the Society's Website Committee and is responsible to enter their chapter's news and events onto their chapter's web page on the Society website. If you have any chapter news to be placed on the Suffolk Chapter web page or any chapter events to be placed on the Suffolk Chapter Calendar on the Society website you may contact the chapter website coordinator. Contact Leadership for Information Chapter NewslettersReview this chapter's newsletters (if any) within the list of documents. |


text:
11 Best Drugstore Foundations Under $15Looking for a full coverage foundation that won't break the bank? Get flawless-looking skin with the best drugstore foundation picks from L'Or éal, CoverGirl, Revlon and more |
Why it's great: Readers call this "an absolute must for any woman over the age of 30." One reviewer says, "I recently saw a friend I hadn't seen for awhile and she asked if I had something done [to my face]! The only change was my foundation."
Other readers love this drugstore foundation simply because "it gives great, even coverage and blends in so well." Not to mention, it "gives off a pretty glow," making "skin look magical."
Agree? Disagree? Write your review for CoverGirl Advanced Radiance Age-Defying Liquid Makeup here.
Buy Now on Amazon *At time of publication
SEE NEXT PAGE: Best Drugstore Foundation No. 3: Revlon ColorStay Makeup for Normal/Dry Skin, $12.99
Older comments
I like the addition of the Avon and Almay foundations here. Great article!
by GigiSD Sunday, March 24, 2013 at 10:51PM Report as inappropriate
I agree with LittleBunny. I always buy L'Oreal foundation and I never get blemishes and I think it looks good all the time. I don't care to buy a brand I've never tried. Need some sample packets of some of the top rated brands. But I must ask, WHY isn't L'Oreal represented here?
by babycull Sunday, March 24, 2013 at 10:16PM Report as inappropriate
I completely agree with this article, well written and accurate! great job!
by Misselizabeth Saturday, January 19, 2013 at 11:45PM Report as inappropriate
Loreal makes great products
by LittleBunny Saturday, January 19, 2013 at 11:15PM Report as inappropriate
Definitely going to try some of these, but I hate buying foundation!
by schien Monday, November 12, 2012 at 11:31AM Report as inappropriate
good to know for when i go shopping again.
by nicky22 Monday, November 12, 2012 at 09:50AM Report as inappropriate
No drugstore foundation for me. Strictly MAC or Smashbox.
by robyne00 Sunday, November 11, 2012 at 05:29PM Report as inappropriate
Whenever i use drugstore brand, I happen to have blemishes.
by lilas Tuesday, October 30, 2012 at 10:58PM Report as inappropriate


text:
I answered a question on Cognitive Sciences on July, 3rd, which got accepted quite quickly and got 2 up-votes right away (i.e., +35 rep). However, my answer was not correct and it got 5 down-votes afterwards (-10 rep).
On July, 4th, it got (rightfully!) deleted because people noticed that it wasn't meant seriously and I lost all the rep associated to this answer (-25). Today the OP marked another answer as correct, causing my answer getting unaccepted which lost me another 15 rep.
A quick calculation reveals that, in total, from the gained 25 rep, I lost 40.
Although this punishment by -15 rep might be appropriate given the lack of respect I showed, I still would like to know whether is this also intended by the system.
Reputation history associated to the deleted answer:
Deleted answer including the display of all up- and down-votes:


text:
Hybrid Ferrari Is Revving Out Of Concept Stage And Into Our Car Dreams
Leave it to Ferrari to make the hybrid car phenomenon seem more panties-dropper than tree-hugger. The Enzo, which is totally into pulling a three-way with gas and electric power, always seemed like one of those concept cars that was more of an oddball pet project of some self-indulgent engineer than something that would ever pull up next to us on the road.
Ferrari chairman Luca di Montezemolo announced in a recent financial report that the Enzo is a real thing that could possibly come out this year.
There aren't any details about pricing or how big of a production run the ride will merit, but that's OK, because who are we kidding? The only way we'll actually get to ever drive one of these things is if we marry over our heads or finally hear back from that valet temp gig at the country club we're always applying for.
One thing's for sure about the Enzo — If we ever got to own one, we'd blow any gas money savings it would provide by cruising around in it for an obscene amount of time, making sure everyone possible saw that we were behind the wheel.


text:
How to Add Glam to Supermarket Flowers
What do you do when your floral tastes could be described as a champagne taste on a beer budget? You take the cheap flowers and get creative. We've got some great tips that will help you turn your $10 bouquet into a $50 looking display!
Flower Selection
Whether you're grabbing your flowers from the cheaper rack at a florist, during your fruit and veggie shop, or you're at the supermarket, there are a few things to look for. The flowers you buy will form the centre of your final arrangement- think of them as your signature flowers. So, you need to select them relatively carefully- even though you're not spending much money.
Go for flowers with long stems. You might not have a lot to work with in the budget selection, but, depending on the season consider Roses, Gerberas, Hydrangeas, Lilies, Statice, Proteas, or Sunflowers. Look for blooms that are slightly closed, as this means you'll get a little longer out of your bouquet. Alternatively choose flowers like Statice or Proteas which are known for being long-lasting. If your budget will stretch to two bunches, choose a complementary colour or shade.
When your floral tastes could be described as a champagne taste on a beer budget…
Choose your filler
If you, or your neighbour, has a garden you can pilfer a few stems of 'filler' from, great. Otherwise, shop for this with your flowers. You're looking for long-stemmed greenery that will bulk out your bunch. The shop should have a selection of leaves including ferns, tropical leaves, and what can only be called foliage. Look for something that will work with the size of your signature flowers, and provide a nice complement or contrast.
Our favourite tip- choosing an aromatic option like Eucalyptus has the added bonus of perfuming your house!
Your vase
The vase you use isn't just decorative, it's got to support the weight and shape of your bouquet. Think of it as your styling assistant. Glass vases are the usual choice, but an opaque option gives you the freedom to press some additional help into action. For years, florists used floral foam to hold their displays in place. Turns out this is very bad for the environment. If you want some extra support for your creation, consider Blu-Tack, balled up chicken wire, or adding small stones to the bottom of the vase.


text:
FACT SHEET | May 22, 2008
Middle-Class Life Under Bush Republicans: Less Affordable and Less Secure
For millions of hard-working, middle-class families, life under the Bush presidency has grown less affordable and less secure. President Bush's record of fiscal incompetence and mismanagement and Republicans' close ties with special interests have helped lead to both lower wages and skyrocketing costs for basic necessities like gas, health care, and college tuition. As an alarming indicator of how bad things have gotten, the consumer confidence is at a five-year low and the Expectations Index stands at a 35-year low, a level not seen since the Oil Embargo and Watergate. (The Conference Board, 4/29/08)Unfortunately, instead of producing solutions to the problems facing the middle class, Bush Republicans have ignored them and pushed for policies that would make matters even worse.
In addition to tightening the squeeze on families, Bush Republican policies have made our entire nation less financially secure. Republicans increased our debt to over $9 trillion and have insisted on spending billions of dollars every year on budget-busting tax breaks for special interests and multi-millionaires. The Bush Administration also continues to compromise our economic security by increasing our reliance on foreign investment from China, Japan, and Dubai.
Middle-class families, and our nation, deserve better. Democrats are committed to protecting middle-class taxpayers, expanding educational opportunities, improving health and healthcare, providing more affordable and sustainable sources of energy, ensuring better pay and protections for working Americans, and restoring fiscal responsibility. Under Democratic leadership, the Senate has already passed the Economic Stimulus Act of 2008 - legislation that will boost the economy by offering timely, targeted, and temporary measures to provide rebate checks to eligible single, married, and elderly Americans, provide tax relief for American businesses, and help families avoid foreclosure by expanding financing opportunities. In addition, the College Cost Reduction and Access Act will make college more affordable and accessible and the bipartisan America COMPETES Act,whichmakes important investments in our students and teachers, have been signed into law. For the second year in a row, Democrats have approved a balanced budget to restore fiscal responsibility and help promote the type of economic growth that provided so many benefits to middle-class families during the 1990s.
For more information, please see DPC document entitled, Democrats Continue to Strengthen the Economy and the American Middle Class, available here.
Middle-Class Families Squeezed By Skyrocketing Costs
Health care premiums have increased 78 percent. The cost of family health insurance has skyrocketed 78 percent since 2001.[1]This is compared to a 19 percent increase in wages and a 17 percent increase in overall inflation.[2] The average premium for a family of four topped $12,000 in 2007, with the average family contribution of over $3,200.[3] When premium growth outpaces increases in wages and inflation, workers typically have to spend a greater portion of their income each year in order to maintain coverage.[4] From 2001 to 2007, the amount families pay out of pocket for their share of premiums has increased by approximately $1,500.[5]
Rising health care costs also jeopardize employer-sponsored coverage. When the cost of premiums increases, employers have more difficulty providing health coverage, and their workers have more difficulty affording their share of the cost. With the increased cost of premiums during the Bush Administration, there has been an erosion of employment-based health benefits. The percentage of individuals with employment-based health benefits decreased from 68.4 percent in 2000 to 62.2 percent in 2006.[6]A significant cause of the increase in the number of uninsured Americans is this decline in the number of people receiving health coverage through their employer.[7] The number of uninsured Americans has increased every year since President Bush took office, from 39.8 million in 2000 to a record high of 47 million in 2006.[8]In 2006, the number of uninsured children grew by 710,000 to reach 9.4 million.[9] This is the second year in a row that the number of children without health insurance has increased.
Gas prices have more than doubled. Prices at the gas pump have jumped 145 percentfrom$1.47 per gallon the week President Bush took office in January 2001[10]to an all-time high of $3.60 in the latest week of energy price data.[11]The price for a barrel of oil has increased 268 percent during the Bush Administration from $30.63 in January 2001 to $112.58 in April 2008.[12]The average household with children will spend about $5,030on transportation fuel costs in 2008, an increase of 164 percent or $3.127over 2001 costs.[13]
College education costs have risen by over 60 percent.Average tuition, fees, room and board costs at four-year private universities have increased by $10,067,from $22,240 in the 2000-2001 academic year to $32,307 in the 2007-2008 academic year.[14]Tuition, fees, room and board charges at four-year public colleges jumped from $8,439 for the 2000-2001 academic year to $13,589 for the 2007-2008 academic year - an increase of $5,150, or 61percent.[15]
The cost of a college education is rising faster than family income, but key federal tuition assistance programs such as the Pell Grant program have failed to keep pace with the rising cost of college. While the maximum Pell Grant covered 51 percent of the cost of tuition, fees, room, and board at a public four-year college during the 1986-1987 school year, it covered only about one-third of those costs in the 2005-2006 school year.[16]
Housing affordability remains pervasive problem.According to the Washington Post, "the scarcity of affordable housing is a deepening national crisis, and not just for inner-city families on welfare. The problem has climbed the income ladder and moved to the suburbs, where service workers cram their families into overcrowded apartments, college graduates have to crash with their parents, and firefighters, police officers and teachers can't afford to live in the communities they serve."[17]
The Joint Center for Housing Studies of Harvard University has predicted that housing affordability will continue to be a "pervasive problem."[18]Current data indicates that the percentage of median income spent on mortgage payments has risen from 18.6 percent in January 2001 to 20.3 percent in December 2007.[19]In addition, between 2004 and 2005, the number of households with housing cost burdens in excess of 30 percent climbed by 2.3 million, hitting a record 37.3 million in 2005."[20]According to the Center, "five years of stagnating or declining incomes have added to housing affordability problems"[21]and "the need to address housing affordability problems is intensifying as the pressures grow more acute and spread up the income scale."[22]Indeed, the Center for Housing Policy recently concluded that "[d]espite the housing slump, most middle income workers still don't earn enough to buy a median-priced home in their hometowns." Although home prices are coming down, "home costs were still too high for typical working people in most markets." Even when home ownership is possible, "[p]eople are having to stretch their wages from paycheck to paycheck, make sacrifices or move farther out [from their jobs] to afford housing."[23]
Meanwhile, there has been an alarming increase in foreclosures as subprime borrowers' loans reset to higher rates.[24]Year-end data from 2007 shows that foreclosure activity increased 75 percent last year.[25]The number of homes facing foreclosure more than doubled in the first quarter of 2008 from a year earlier, "as weakening property values and tighter lending forced many homeowners to give up their homes."[26]An analysis by the Center for Responsible Lending estimates that, of subprime mortgages made in recent years, an alarming one out of every five (19 percent) will fail, resulting in a 2.4 million in projected foreclosures on homes purchased with subprime loans made during 1998-2006.[27]And the Wall Street Journal noted that "[t]he surprisingly high number of subprime loans among more credit-worthy borrowers shows how far such mortgages have spread into the economy - including middle -class and wealthy communities where they once were scarce."[28]
Subprime borrowers are not the only victims of this crisis. Even homeowners with strong credit, who are in safe, fixed-rate loans are suffering from the reduction in property values and home equity wealth that result from foreclosures within their neighborhood.[29]Entire communities, especially those that are already vulnerable to economic disruptions, are at significant risk. Moreover, the resulting credit crisis in the mortgage markets is making safe, affordable mortgages less available for aspiring homeowners or borrowers in need of a refinancing alternative. As a result, the American dream of owning a home is becoming less and less of a reality for millions of Americans and their families.
Middle-Class Families Squeezed By Declining Income and Fewer Job Opportunities
While families work harder, their wages continue to decline. Middle-class families are working harder and earning less today than they were at the start of the Bush Administration. Median household income, adjusted for inflation, has declined $982 from $50,566 in 2000 to $49,584 in 2006.[30]
During the last seven years under President Bush, the government's measure of take-home pay (median weekly earnings) increased by a mere 0.3 percent (adjusted for inflation), compared with 7.7 percent growth between 1989 and 2000 (the last comparable business cycle).[31]Last month, "the government reported that average earnings slipped in March after accounting for the rising costs of food and fuel - the sixth consecutive month that pay failed to keep pace with inflation."[32]
Meanwhile, employment compensation has lagged behind productivity gains. While the productivity of the American worker (output per hour) rose by 19.5 percent between the fourth quarter of 2000 and the third quarter of 2007, average hourly compensation (wages plus benefits, adjusted for inflation) increased by only 9.3 percent during this period.[33]
Between the fourth quarter of 2007 and first quarter of 2008, productivity in the non-farm business sector further improved by 2.2 percent, but real hourly compensation increased by only 0.1 percent.[34]In sum, Americans are working harder - and more productively - but are not receiving proportionally increased rewards for their hard work.
This is counter to historical trends: "Economic theory holds that when output per worker rises, so should wages , and hence living standards. In practice, that's what transpired so impressively in the United States during much of the last century. But recent data suggests that for many workers, the elixir has lost its potency...many observers contend that the link between productivity and pay is broken. Employees are working harder and smarter, they charge, but are reaping no reward for the extra effort."[35]
So who has benefited from these productivity gains? The New York Times reported that: "an outsized share of productivity growth, which expands the nation's total income, is going to Americans at the top of the income scale. In 2005...the top 1 percent of Americans - whose average annual income was $1.1 million - took in 21.8 percent of the nation's income, their largest share since 1929."[36]According to the Wall Street Journal, "[s]ince the end of the recession of 2001, a lot of the growth in GDP per person - that is, productivity - has gone to profits, not wages."[37]Economists at the National Bureau of Economic Research concluded that: "[t]o the extent that the productivity growth 'explosion' of 2001-2004 was achieved by cost-cutting, layoffs, and abnormally slow employment growth...the historical link between productivity growth and higher living standards falls apart. Not only have the bottom 90 percent of American workers failed to keep up with productivity growth, many have been harmed by it."[38]
Earnings for workers with college degrees declining.TheNew York Timeshas observed that "a college degree does not ensure a bigger share of the economic pie for many graduates."[39]In addition, the Los Angeles Times reported that: "[w]age stagnation, long the bane of blue-collar workers, is now hitting people with bachelor's degrees for the first time in 30 years. Earnings for workers with four-year degrees fell 5.2 percent from 2000 to 2004 when adjusted for inflation, according to White House economists...Not since the 1970s have workers with bachelor's degrees seen a prolonged slump in earnings during a time of economic growth...trends for people with master's and other advanced degrees...have found that their inflation-adjusted wages were essentially flat between 2000 and 2004."[40]And, according to U.S. Census data, "the number of college graduates earning below the poverty line has more than doubled in the past 15 years to almost 6 million people."[41]
Job creation among the worst since Hoover Administration. A growing economy should be good news for those seeking jobs. But over the course of his term in office, President Bush is in a statistical dead heat with his father for the worst overall job creation record since Herbert Hoover more than 70 years ago.
Overall non-farm payroll employment has increased by just 5.38 million since President Bush took office in January 2001 compared with 22.7 million during the Clinton presidency.[42]Overall employment growth has averaged just 61,800 jobs per month under President Bush (or 0.6 percent per year)[43]- not even half of the 150,000 jobs needed each month to keep up with population growth. It was not uncommon to see monthly job gains of 300,000 and even 400,000 during economic expansions during the Clinton Administration.[44]
Private sector job creation has been especially poor during the Bush presidency, with only 3.8 million new non-governmental jobs created since 2001, an increase of only 0.5 percent per year.[45]
The Washington Timescompared the slow job creation growth rate of private sector jobs under the "Bush era" with the 23 percent increase in private sector jobs during the Clinton presidency (an increase of more than 21 million new jobs).[46]The manufacturing sector, often the source of jobs with good pay and benefits, has lost 3.5 million jobs since the start of the Bush Administration.[47]
Meanwhile, payroll employment has decreased by 232,000 jobs between in the past three months.[48]Given the turbulence and uncertainty in the economy today, the pace of job creation is an ominous sign for future job creation for America's middle-class families.
The unemployment rate has increased21.4 percent and long-term joblessness has nearly doubled. In part because of this failure to create a sufficient number of jobs, the national unemployment rate stands at 5.0 percent[49], 0.8 percentage points, or 19 percent, higher than the 4.2 percent rate when President Bush took office. This represents 7.6 million people who are officially counted as unemployed - over one million more people than were unemployed in January 2001.
Unfortunately, once they lose their job, America's workers also are staying unemployed longer.[50]Over one in six of the unemployed (17.8 percent) had been unemployed for more than 26 weeks, an increase of 89.6 percent since President Bush took office (from 676,000 in January 2001 to 1,353,000in April 2008).[51]And this doesn't even count the Americans who have been discouraged from looking for work (to be counted as unemployed by the government, a person must be actively looking for work), but does count those who want to work full-time but can only find a part-time job. And "[t]he problem is ensnaring a broader swath of workers than before. Once concentrated among manufacturing workers and those with little work history, education or skills, long-term unemployment is growing most rapidly among white-collar and college-educated workers with long work experience."[52]
Bush's deficit-financed tax cuts have widened the income gap between millionaires and middle-class workers.Recently released data from the Internal Revenue Service indicates that the wealthiest one percent of Americans (with an average income of $1,316,000) earned 21.2 percent of all income while the bottom 50 percent earned only 12.8 percent of all income in 2005. A Wall Street Journal article entitled "Income-Inequality Gap Widens" observed that "[t]he richest Americans' share of national income has hit a postwar record, surpassing the highs reached in the 1990s bull market, and underlining the divergence of economic fortunes blamed for fueling anxiety among American workers."[53]
The Wall Street Journal has attributed the widening income gap to President Bush's tax policies: "[I]t appears that the highest-salaried workers - executives, managers and professionals - are widening their lead on the typical worker...The Bush tax cuts appear to have widened the income gap, according to many analyses."[54]The New York Times observed that IRS data "showed that over one-quarter of the investment tax cut savings went to just 11,433 taxpayers, (those who made $10 million or more) saving them almost $1.9 million each."[55]The Times also reported that a White House spokesman said that"the fact that nearly all of the growth in incomes was among those in the upper reaches of the income ladder and that the majority of investment tax breaks went to those making more than $1 million 'is not a very interesting story.'"[56]The St. Louis Post Dispatch summed it up: "The Bush tax cuts for the wealthy have thrown the federal budget deeper into deficit while doing little for ordinary Americans."[57]
In fact, President Bush's capital gains and dividends tax cuts will cost $2.349 trillion billion over ten years,[58]with most of the benefits going to the richest one percent of Americans.[59]In an analysis by the Tax Policy Center, economists found that the immediate effect of the Bush tax cuts has been "skewed in favor of those with high incomes," benefiting the most wealthy households the most.[60]In 2006, for example, "families making more than $1 million a year saw their after-tax income increase by 6 percent because of the tax cuts, while families making $40,000 to $75,000 saw after-tax income rise by about 2.5 percent."[61]
More American families and children face severe financial problems. In 2006, 36.5 million Americans were living in poverty,[62]an increase of 4.9 million over the 2000 level, the year before President Bush took office.[63]
The average annual increase in the poverty rate during President Bush's first term is second only to that during George H.W. Bush's administration and contrasts sharply with the declines in the Clinton and Kennedy-Johnson Administrations.[64]
Poverty has hit America's children particularly hard. According to the latest Census report, almost one out of every six American children lives in poverty.[65]The number of children living in poverty increased 10.06 percent during the Bush Administration.[66]
Middle-Class Families Squeezed By Record Levels of Debt
Bush Republicans turned record budget surpluses into record deficits. President Bush inherited a unified budget surplus of $236 billion from President Clinton, the largest surplus in American history.[67]Budget surpluses were expected to continue for another ten years when President Bush took office in January 2001.[68]By 2002, however, the unified federal budget had returned to a deficit of $160 billion and has since reached historic highs.[69]Last year, the budget deficit was $163 billion, or 1.2 percent of GDP.[70]
Bush Republicans, addicted to borrowing, increased the national debt by over $3 trillion. President Bush is the most fiscally irresponsible American president, having presided over the largest explosion of debt in our nation's history. Every year since taking office, President Bush requested that Congress increase the statutory debt limit, resulting in a $3.2 trillion, or 57 percent, increase.[71]At the end of 2007, the federal debt was $9.0 trillion,[72]or nearly $30,000 for every man, woman, and child in America.[73]The public debt currently stands at $9.4 trillion.[74]
Enormous trade deficit is undermining U.S. competitiveness.In 2007, the annual U.S. trade deficit was $708.5 billion - twice the size of the trade deficit in 2000, the year before George Bush took office.[75]In February 2008, the Commerce Department reported a monthly trade deficit of $62.3 billion - when George Bush took office in January 2001, the monthly trade deficit stood at $33.3 billion.[76]As troubling, our trade in Advanced Technology Products, a strong indicator of U.S. competitiveness, which was in surplus as recently as 2001, experienced an annual deficit of more than $53 billion in 2007, and a monthly deficit of $3.34 billion in February 2008.[77]
Debt owed to foreigners climbs to record levels. In order to finance record budget deficits, the United States has had to borrow at unprecedented rates from foreigners. As of September 2007, the United States had accumulated $1.4 trillion more in debt to foreigners than this country had accumulated in its first 224 years.[78]By contrast, during the last three years of the Clinton Administration, the United States paid off more than $200 billion in debt to foreigners.[79]
Record government and personal debt levels threaten economic future. Record federal deficits and debt create record interest costs for Americans. In 2006, interest costs on the federal debt amounted to $405.9 billion and this figure will grow to $645 billion by 2017.[80]Personal debt levels have also reached a modern record. TheWashington Post noted that "[f]lat wages and rising debt nationally have converged to leave millions of middle-class households feeling acutely vulnerable to bumps in their financial planning."[81]According to the Federal Reserve, last year the ratio of financial obligations to disposable personal income reached an all-time high since the data was first collected in 1980.[82]The ratio, which accounts for mortgage, consumer, and other obligations, has remained high. In the fourth quarter of 2007, 19.35 percent of disposable income was spent on debt.[83]Meanwhile, "American consumers are holding debt in growing numbers and in larger amounts than ever,"[84]and "[m]ore Americans have fallen behind on consumer loans than any time in nearly 16 years ,as credit problems once concentrated in mortgages spread into other forms of debt."[85]
Average student loan debt soared to more than $19,000. Interest rates for Stafford student loans have risen substantially over the past three years, from 3.4 percent to 7.14 percent for outstanding loans and 6.8 percent on new loans.[86]As a result, loan payments will be considerably higher for students taking out new loans and for those who did not consolidate loans in recent years. Without adequate federal grants funding, students and their parents must rely more on student loans to finance their college educations. According to the Institute for College Access and Success, more than 60 percent of college seniors graduate with debt, with an average $19,200 in debt per graduate.[87]And, according to the Institute for Public Policy and Higher Education, 31 percent of the median family income is needed to pay for one year at a four-year public college after financial aid.[88]
Erosion of employer-provided pensions threatens Americans' retirement security.Workers' retirement planning once took place primarily within the context of the employment relationship: workers committed a certain number of years to the company and the company committed to providing retirement income. This is no longer the case. The movement from defined benefit to defined contribution plans has meant that workers are increasingly responsible for ensuring adequate income during their retirements - it has also meant that these workers solely bear the investment risks.
Workers should be able to count on retirement promises made by their employers. An analysis by the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (PBGC), the federal entity created by Congress to protect employee pensions, determined that nearly ten percent of pension plans halted benefit accruals in 2003 alone, the latest year for which complete data is available. According to PBGC Executive Director Bradley Belt, anecdotal evidence suggests that this number has been even higher since then. A study by the Employee Benefit Research Institute (EBRI) found that, in the past two years, over one-third of surveyed companies froze their pensions and another one-third will be looking to close or freeze their pensions in the next two years.[89]EBRI showed that the percentage of workers who said they were "very confident about having enough money for retirement" decreased from 27 percent to 19 percent - the sharpest one-year drop in 18 years.[90]
Moreover, recent investor surveys and research indicates that there is a troubling racial disparity in the participation rates in 401(k) plans and retiree savings, suggesting that "the decline of pensions may disproportionately affect blacks" and other people of color.[91]One company found that "race was a more powerful predictor of an employee's retirement plan activity than age, gender, work experience or income."[92]This can also be true for blue-collar workers, who are at greater financial risk as a result of the shift in their retirement from defined benefit to defined contribution.
Even individuals who invest their retirement savings may not experience sufficient growth to retire comfortably. Someone who invested in a recommended 401(k) account indexed to the S&P 500 the day before President Bush was sworn into office in 2001 would have lostmoney (after accounting for inflation) if they withdrew those funds this month. The New York Times observed that "the simple price return [on the S&P 500] so far in this decade is the worst since the 1930s, when the Great Depression occurred. But the inflation-adjusted figure for total return is actually worse than the 1930s."[93]When adjusted for inflation,[94]the S&P 500 has actually declined by 13.2 percent between January 19, 2001 and May 9, 2008.[95]A columnist recently expressed concern that "...the most widely-watched domestic market benchmark [the S&P 500] is back below where it was in February 2000...Baby Boomers [who are] planning to dip soon into their life savings are quickly running out of time to recoup their losses."[96]The Los Angeles Times summed it up: "As Americans increasingly link their well-being to financial markets, the possibility of recession and a slump on Wall Street has taken on new meaning for the middle class, including baby boomers who are approaching retirement age."[97]The result? "[M]any aging Americans are delaying retirement, electing labor over leisure in uncertain times."[98]
[1]The average annual premium cost for family health coverage in 2007 is $12,106, compared with $7,063 in 2000. Kaiser Family Foundation, 2001 Employer Health Benefits Survey Report, available here; 2007 Employer Health Benefits Survey Report, available here.
[2]The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation and Health Research Education Trust, September 2007.
[4]The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation, August 2007.
[5]The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation and Health Research Education Trust, September 2007.
[6]Employee Benefit Research Institute, October 2007.
[8]U.S. Census Bureau, Income, Poverty, and Health Insurance Coverage in the United States: 2006 (August 2007), Figure 6, available here; U.S. Census Bureau, Health Insurance Coverage: 2001, Table B.3, available here.
[9]Kaiser Commission on Medicaid and the Uninsured, September 2007.
[11]Energy Information Administration,Household Vehicle Energy Use: Latest Data and Trends (2005), available here; Weekly Retail Gasoline and Diesel Prices (updated May 12, 2008), available here.
[12]Energy Information Administration, Spot Prices for Crude Oil (updated May 7, 2008), available here.
[13]Calculations based on data available from Energy Information Administration, Household Vehicle Energy Use: Latest Data and Trends; Short Term Energy Outlook (November 2007), available here, Household Vehicles Energy Use: Data Tables, Table A2 (released November 2005), available here.
[16]Analysis of Department of Education data contained in U.S. Senate Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions, "A New Commitment to Students and Families: Opening the Door to College for All" at 2.
[17]Michael Grunwald, "The Housing Crisis Goes Suburban," Washington Post at B01 (August 27, 2006).
[18]Joint Center for Housing Studies of Harvard University, The State of the Nation's Housing 2007 at 19 (June 11, 2007), availablehere.
[19]National Association of Realtors, Housing Affordability Index data.
[20]Joint Center for Housing Studies of Harvard University, The State of the Nation's Housing 2007 (June 11, 2007) at 1, availablehere. Housing cost burdens measure the share of income devoted to housing, including rent or mortgage payments, utilities, property insurance, and property taxes. Traditionally, housing is considered affordable if it accounts for less than 30 percent of income. Housing cost burdens of between 30 and 50 percent are considered moderate, while those of 50 percent or more are severe." U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, The Homeownership Experience of Low-Income and Minority Families (February 2006) at 30, available here.
[21]Joint Center for Housing Studies of Harvard University, The State of the Nation's Housing 2007 (June 11, 2007) at 26, availablehere.
[22]Id. at 30.
[23]Les Christie, "Most Middle Class Still Can't Buy a House," CNNMoney.com(January 31, 2008), available here.
[24]See e.g. Joint Economic Committee, "Sheltering Neighborhoods from the Subprime Foreclosure Storm" (June 22, 2007), available here.
[25]RealtyTrac Staff, U.S. Foreclosure Activity Increase 75 Percent in 2007(January 29, 2008), availablehere.
[26]Alex Veiga, Homes Facing Foreclosure More than Doubled in Q1, Associated Press (April 29, 2008).
[27]Center for Responsible Lending, "Subprime Lending: A Net Drain on Homeownership," CRL Issue Paper No. 14 (March 2, 2007), available here.
[28]Rick Brooks and Ruth Simon, Subprime Debacle Traps Even Very Credit-Worthy, Wall Street Journal at A1 (December 3, 2007).
[29]"The fall in home prices has cut into Americans' home equity and forced many to grapple with mortgages now worth more than the house itself." Michael M. Grynbaum, Consumer Confidence Slips as Home Prices Drop, New York Times (April 29, 2008).
[30]U.S. Census Bureau, Income 2000, available here; Income, Poverty, and Health Insurance Coverage in the United States: 2006 (August 2007), Figure 1 (in 2007 dollars), available here.
[31]U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Labor Force Statistics from the Current Population Survey, Table 1. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by selected characteristics, quarterly averages, not seasonally adjusted (April 25, 2008), available here.
[32]Peter Goodman, Workers Get Fewer Hours, Deepening the Downturn, New York Times (April 18, 2008.
[33]Joint Economic Committee analysis of Bureau of Labor Statistics (April 17, 2008), available here.
[36]Editorial, "Economic Life After College," New York Times at A18 (June 11, 2007).
[37]Greg Ip, "Wages Fail to Keep Pace With Productivity Increases, Aggravating Income Inequality," Wall Street Journal at A2 (March 27, 2006).
[38]Ian Dew-Becker and Robert J. Gordon, Where Did the Productivity Growth Go? Inflation Dynamics and the Distribution of Income (December 2005) at 62, available here.
[39]Editorial, "Economic Life After College," New York Times at A18 (June 11, 2007).
[40]Molly Hennessy-Fiske, "That Raise Might Take 4 Years to Earn as Well: Those with bachelor's degrees are finding their incomes stagnate despite a growing economy," Los Angeles Times at A1 (July 24, 2006).
[41]AP, "College degree may not be enough to protect against poverty" (April 29, 2007).
[42]U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment, Hours, and Earnings from the Current Employment Statistics survey (National), Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail (preliminary) (May 2, 2008), available here.
[43]Id. See also Editorial, "Job Figures in Context," Washington Times (July 23, 2007), available here.
[44]See e.g., Speech of Gary H. Stern,President, Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis, Perspectives on the Economy (March 29, 2007), available here.
[45]U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment, Hours, and Earnings from the Current Employment Statistics survey (National), Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail (preliminary) (May 2, 2008), available here.
[46]Id. See also Editorial, "Job Figures in Context," Washington Times (July 23, 2007), available here.
[48]U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, The Employment Situation: April 2008 (May 2, 2008), available here.
[49]U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Situation: April 2008 (May 2, 2008), available hereand Employment Situation: January 2001, available here.
[50]Conor Dougherty, "How Job Report May Be Masking Labor Pains," Wall Street Journal at C1 (September 7, 2007).
[51]U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Labor Force Statistics from the Current Population Survey, Table A-12, available here.
[52]Michael A. Fletcher, "Highly Skilled and Out of Work: Long-Term Joblessness Spreads in Middle Class," Washington Post at A01 (January 21, 2008).
[53]Greg Ip, "Income-Inequality Gap Widens," Wall Street Journal (October 12, 2007).
[54]Greg Ip, "Wages Fail to Keep Pace With Productivity Increases, Aggravating Income Inequality," Wall Street Journal at A.2 (March 27, 2006).
[55]David Cay Johnson, "2005 Incomes, on Average, Still Below 2000 Peak," New York Times(August 21, 2007).
[57]St. Louis Post Dispatch, "Falling Behind Dad" (May 30, 2007).
[58]Citizens for Tax Justice, The Bush Tax Cuts: The Latest CTJ Data (March 2007) at 2, available here.
[59]Id. [based on income group].
[60]Greg Leiserson and Jeffrey Rohaly, "The Distribution of the 2001-2006 Tax Cuts: Updated Projections, November 2006," The Tax Policy Center (November 15, 2006), available here.
[61]Michael Abramowitz and Lori Montgomery, "Bush Addresses Income Inequality," The Washington Post at A04 (February 1, 2007), citing "The Distribution of the 2001-2006 Tax Cuts: Updated Projections," supra.
[63]U.S. Census Bureau, CPS 2000 Annual Social and Economic Supplement, POV01 (December 11, 2001), available here.
[64]Joint Economic Committee analysis of data maintained by the Bureau of the Census and U.S. Department of Commerce from 1959-1995.
[65]U.S. Census Bureau, Income, Poverty, and Health Insurance Coverage in the United States: 2006 (August 2007), available here.
[66]U.S. Census Bureau, CPS 2000 Annual Social and Economic Supplement, POV02 (December 11, 2001), available here.
[67]President Bush's Budget for Fiscal Year 2002, A Blueprint for New Beginnings at 201(February 28, 2001), available here.
[68]Id. at 7.
[69]Office of Management and Budget, Budget of the United States Government, FY2009 Historical Tables (February 4, 2008) available here.
[70]Joint Statement of the Department of Treasury and Office of Management and Budget on Budget Results for Fiscal Year 2007 (October 11, 2007), available here.
[71]Philip D. Winters, "The Debt Limit: The Ongoing Need for Increases," Congressional Research Service Pub. No. RL31967 (updated March 21, 2006).
[72]President's Budget; U.S. Department of the Treasury, "The Debt to the Penny and Who Holds It," available here.
[73]Associated Press, "U.S. debt: $30,000 per American" (December 3, 2007), available here; U.S. Department of Treasury, The Debt to the Penny and Who Holds It, available here.
[74]President's Budget; U.S. Department of the Treasury, "The Debt to the Penny and Who Holds It," (updated April 25, 2008) available here.
[75]U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. International Trade in Goods and Services Foreign Trade Statistics, U.S. Trade in Goods and Services - Balance of Payments (BOP) Basis, available here.
[76]U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census and the Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. International Trade in Goods and Services: January 2008 (March 11, 2008), available here and U.S. International Trade in Goods and Services: January 2001 (March 20, 2001), available here.
[78]U.S. Department of Treasury, Major Foreign Holders of Treasury Securities (updated January 16, 2008), available here and here.
[80]Congressional Budget Office (August 2007).
[81]Jeffrey H. Birnbaum and Chris Cillizza, "'Mortgage Moms' May Star in Midterm Vote; With Wages Stagnant and Debt Growing, Democrats See an Opportunity," Washington Post at A01 (September 5, 2006).
[82]The Federal Reserve, Household Debt Service and Financial Obligations Ratios (updated March 11, 2008), available here.
[84]Increasing consumer Debt Level Raises Bankruptcy Filings, St. Louis Fed Reports, BNA Daily Report for Executives (April 9, 2008).
[85]Jonathan Stempel, Late Payments on Consumer Loans at 16-year high, USA Today (April 3, 2008).
[86]David P. Smole, "Stafford Loan Interest Rate Reduction: Background and Issues," Congressional Research Service Pub. No. RS22568 (July 20, 2007).
[87]The Institute for College Access and Success (2006), based on an analysis of data from the Department of Education, National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (2004) cited in "A New Commitment to Students and Families: Opening the Door to College for All" prepared by the U.S. Senate Committee on Health, Education, Labor, & Pensions (July 2007) at 12.
[88]The Institute for Public Policy and Higher Education, Measuring Up 2006: The National Report Card on Higher Education cited in "A New Commitment to Students and Families: Opening the Door to College for All" prepared by the U.S. Senate Committee on Health, Education, Labor, & Pensions (July 2007) at 11.
[89]Jack VanDerhei, Retirement Income Adequacy after PPA and FAS 158: Part One - Plan Sponsors' Reactions, Employee Benefit Research Institute (July 2007), available here.
[90]Nancy Trejos, Bleaker Hopes for a Good Retirement, Washington Post at D01 (April 8, 2008).
[91]Daniel Sorid, "Blacks Retirement Security at Risk," AP (October 11):
•"Exelon Corp., the country's largest operator of nuclear power plants, discovered this year that about 15 out of every 100 black employees did not participate in its 401(k) plan, compared with around 10 of every 100 whites. It also found that one in three black employees contributed less than 5 percent of their pay to the plan, compared to just 14 percent of whites."
•"A survey by Charles Schwab Corp. and Ariel Mutual Funds concludes that four in 10 African Americans with household incomes of $50,000 or more have no money in stocks, compared to just one quarter of whites."
•"Ariel's survey also found blacks who enrolled in retirement plans save a median $173 a month while whites save $252."
•"A separate survey of retirees found whites are nearly twice as likely to have $100,000 or more saved than blacks, even when education, peak income level and other factors are held constant."
[93]Floyd Norris, Not the Decade to Shopping with a Wallet Full of Stocks, New York Times (September 8, 2007).
[95]The closing price of the S&P 500 on January 19, 2001 was $1,342.54, or $1,600.13 in 2008 dollars. On May 9, 2008, the price close was $1,388.28. See Yahoo! Finance, S&P 500 Index, Historical Prices, available here.
[96]Mike Ivey, "Not watching is best market advice,"The Capital Times (January 22, 2008), available here.
[97]Jonathan Peterson and Walter Hamilton, "High anxiety for 401(k) investors," Los Angeles Times(January 30, 2008), available here.
[98]Jennifer Levitz, Americans Delay Retirement as Housing, Stocks Swoon, Wall Street Journail (April 1, 2008).
- Erika Moritsugu (224-3232)


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text:
Sunny days and giant hats
I got a new lacy petticoat last week, so thats how this outfit started. Playing around with it, I realized it was like a circle skirt, perfect for layering, something I haven't done before. So I put another red petticoat underneath and voila! Extra fluffy. I can put more under too, but that will have to wait for a circle skirt.
Then came the dress, a fabulous frock from Fab Gabs, I put on to model and didn't want to take off. So it came home with me.
And while looking for a hat, I saw this wonderful Christian Dior from Xtabay and knew it would be perfect.
Perfect for an unusually sunny and warm Saturday. I would like more of those please.
68 comments:
- Emily & Gracie said...
oh my gosh I lovelove this outfit! okay, well I love pretty much all of your outfits, but this one makes me so glad because it means its spring time! Those shoes are darling, too. I have been looking for some like that in white myself!
-Gracie - April 26, 2011 at 8:25 PM
- kate gabrielle said...
That dress looks so adorable with the red petticoat peeking out underneath!
- April 26, 2011 at 8:36 PM
- Betty2Tone said...
that whole outfit it super cute, but I have to say that the big floppy hat is my favorite part!
- April 26, 2011 at 8:39 PM
- toridawn said...
LOVE that hint of red that peeks out (when you're not showing it off ;o) ). And the gloves....and glasses...and hat!! *sigh*
toridawn - April 26, 2011 at 9:02 PM
I absolutely ADORE this entire outfit, but I am RAVING about the red petticoats!! You look like you step out of one of the flashback scenes of the Divine Secrets of the Ya-Ya Sisterhood movie!!! Tres chic!!!
Keep up the GREAT work, I thoroughly LOVE your posts!!!
~Christina ;-)
http://christinaville.wordpress.com/ - April 26, 2011 at 9:09 PM
- Brittney said...
I am in love with these photos...especially the last one. You are gorgeous as always! :)
- April 26, 2011 at 9:09 PM
- Sydney B. said...
Love the dress and the little touches of red in the color combination!
-Syd - April 26, 2011 at 9:15 PM
- art deco dame said...
you can never go wrong in polka dots!
- April 26, 2011 at 9:18 PM
- Q's Daydream said...
- April 26, 2011 at 9:18 PM
- VBD said...
Lovely photos. Everyone needs a red petticoat (or 3). You just can't help but feel amazing with heaps of fluffy red fabric tied around you!
- April 26, 2011 at 9:38 PM
- Konad-licious said...
I wouldnt want to take that dress off either! It looks great on you and make your hips look tineeeee.
- April 26, 2011 at 9:40 PM
- Sarah said...
adorable, I do love your layering! xox
- April 26, 2011 at 9:45 PM
I love the layered petticoats! I've been fantasizing about layering petticoats but I only have one right now that isn't falling apart. It looks so great!
- April 26, 2011 at 10:09 PM
- jrose35 said...
I love your hat and dress they are so stunning and your red petticoat is gorgeous!! :)
- April 26, 2011 at 10:11 PM
- Lavender and Twill said...
~ * ♥ * ~
So your outfit is so stunning Solanah! I love your petticoats and the ribbon on the hat is the perfect compliment. The dress is to die for, so can I just say that I would love a copy of your exact outfit?
Where do you get your amazing petticoats? Online or at vintage shops? I'd love to know ~ I have one, but it's only knee length which is a bit to short to do a proper 50s style.
bonita of Depict This!
~ * ♥ * ~ - April 26, 2011 at 10:25 PM
- Bell's Belles Vintage said...
Love your dress and hat so sweet with that little bow...Leah x
- April 26, 2011 at 10:42 PM
- PageAndLeaf said...
Your photos are always a pleasure to look at! Weatrher looks amazing there, it suits thar gorgeous dress perfectly :) hope you're enjoying it, it's still terribly rainy here.
Ipek - April 26, 2011 at 10:53 PM
- Bella said...
absolutely beautiful! love the hat!
- April 26, 2011 at 11:04 PM
- Unknown said...
The hat is amazing! glad you're getting nice weather x
- April 26, 2011 at 11:40 PM
- K8 said...
That is one amazingly gorgeous dress. I have recently started attaining my vintage wardrobe. And sadly gorgeous items are so few and far between in my country (New Zealand). Im putting this down to the fact that we are a small country and not really that old...And we have an ageing population..that all want to hold on to their clothes! Ohwell, the searching is fun!
- April 26, 2011 at 11:47 PM
- Vanessa, Take only Memories said...
This dress is stunning! I'd kill to have a petticoat like that!
It's nice to see a full outfit post again. It feels like you haven't done that in a while :) - April 26, 2011 at 11:53 PM
- pinupcandy said...
Increible, you look lovely!
- April 27, 2011 at 1:05 AM
With the red petticoat it's so awesome.... are your petticoat vintage too ?
- April 27, 2011 at 2:33 AM
- alittlevintagestory said...
You look fabulous! Love the dress its simply divine.
xx Fran - April 27, 2011 at 2:40 AM
- Elise said...
Ooh what a gorgeous dress, looks great with the petticoat! :)
- April 27, 2011 at 2:53 AM
- Neumaisse said...
Oh my good gravy! Hello from a new follower, and I LOVE this outfit! Love it! (You're really beautiful!) I can't wait to see more of your blog!
- April 27, 2011 at 3:01 AM
- Lena B, Actually said...
Adorable perfection! LOVE it!
{http://mom2memphisandruby.blogspot.com/} - April 27, 2011 at 3:31 AM
- Annalisa Babysan Laterza said...
Beeellllaaaaaaa!!!! ^^
- April 27, 2011 at 3:33 AM
- Meg Eileen Carroll said...
might just have to book a flight to your place and steal that! i absolutely love the red petticoat! it's just too fabulous!
i really love that big hat, wish i could find one around! you are truly inspirational! thanks - April 27, 2011 at 4:05 AM
- Casey Maura said...
So cute! I just love that you've layered the red petticoats under the polka dot dress (which is beautiful, btw! Totally see why it came home with you! ;)--so fun!
♥ Casey - April 27, 2011 at 4:06 AM
- Sarah said...
I absolutely love this outfit! The hat is perfect and the dress is darling. Enjoy your day!
- April 27, 2011 at 4:28 AM
- Erin Goodman said...
My goodness, this outfit is amazing =] I just adore the whole thing...I love how you wear gloves, such a simple little thing that makes the outfit look so elegant. The print on the dress is also so cute and I love how it contrasts with the red.
Beautiful =]
http://mymothersdiamondring.blogspot.com - April 27, 2011 at 4:37 AM
- Lotta Dahl said...
Oh I love that dress! The hat is beautiful as well. If you want to see some petticoat magic, check out the picnic scene in The Pajama Game!
- April 27, 2011 at 4:55 AM
- Nanina said...
Very pretty! I love the return of full skirts, but I don't know if I'll have the balls to really wear a petticoat too. But a girl can dream, right? :-D
Relatable Style - April 27, 2011 at 5:28 AM
- Stephanie Lynn said...
How fun! Love the polka dots and red lace combo. :)
- April 27, 2011 at 5:29 AM
- Vintage Vicky said...
Gorgeous! I am so jealous of the fabulous hat :-)
- April 27, 2011 at 5:42 AM
- Mary Beth said...
That polka dot fabric is amazing how it decreases in size to the waist. I would love to find something like that. and the petticoat...great color. Have you ever worn the petticoat alone as a skirt?
- April 27, 2011 at 6:01 AM
- Apothecary Inn said...
You look lovely, and I've always been a sucker for the red petticoats! They are so much fun!
I ADORE the area you took your photos in! Gorgeous little house/neighborhood!! - April 27, 2011 at 6:39 AM
- jessica said...
Gorgeous. I love the dress and hat. Do you wear slips between you and the petticoats? I find my petticoast awful scratchy on the skin!
- April 27, 2011 at 6:44 AM
- Abbey's Accessories said...
You do look like you stepped right out of the 50's. Love the dress and the sunglasses.
- April 27, 2011 at 7:23 AM
- Unknown said...
oh! the touch of red on the hat! perfect : )
- April 27, 2011 at 8:41 AM
- Florence Annie Frost said...
Wow! That is stunning! You look gorgeous. I recently got a red petticoat for a 1950s dress I sewed for Christmas. Mine was polka dotted too! So cute. I love the hat! You're awesome.
- April 27, 2011 at 9:00 AM
- Alicja said...
that's just too pretty :) I wrote before that you look like Scarlett O'Hara, didn't I? :)
- April 27, 2011 at 10:35 AM
- Michelle Murray said...
Oh my the red crinoline is to die for!!!! ♥ ♥ ♥
- April 27, 2011 at 10:55 AM
- Lauren said...
Makes me think of Gone With the Wind when Rhett buys Mammy the red silk petticoat :)
- April 27, 2011 at 10:57 AM
- CherryRosie said...
You look so beautiful!! Outfit looks amazing with the hat and the peticoats!
- April 27, 2011 at 11:10 AM
- Salazar said...
Those petticoats are fabulous!
14 Shades Of Grey - April 27, 2011 at 11:20 AM
- Dakota said...
Layering petticoats-- what a fun idea! I just might "steal" it ; )
You look so adorable; this is such a cheery outfit. I'm in love with that hat, too! - April 27, 2011 at 11:33 AM
- Alli said...
Such a gorgeous outfit. I LOVE the hat- stunning! Such classic elegance, and perfect for Spring :)
- April 27, 2011 at 1:03 PM
- Amber said...
wow you look radiant. I love this entire outfit from head to toe but I puffy heart that red petticoat!
- April 27, 2011 at 1:39 PM
- Shey said...
You look absolutely gorgeous!
- April 27, 2011 at 2:38 PM
- The Zany Housewife said...
Oh my God. I love it!!! I love your petticoat, dress, hair, hat...you name it. And those sunglasses! Another beautiful set of photos.
- April 27, 2011 at 3:30 PM
- Mary. said...
Hi !
I come in your blog everyday, watching, admiring, and sometimes, copying..!
Your post make me improve my english in vocabulary of fashion and vintage, and it's very usefull for me ! I'm french, and I'm so bad in english !
So, I stop now to write you all my life, but thank you for your blog !
Marie. - April 27, 2011 at 3:58 PM
- The Collar of the Dove said...
love this outfit-it's divine!
- April 27, 2011 at 4:36 PM
- Romina G. said...
OMG that petticoat!
- April 27, 2011 at 5:32 PM
- PrettyDamnCute said...
The dress is amazing! I can totally relate to not being able to take it off -- as I cannot stop looking at it. So gorgeous!
- April 27, 2011 at 6:05 PM
- Annalise said...
Oh my gosh, you are too cute. The silhouette of this outfit is just perfectly ladylike and sweet. I love the hat and accessories. Perfectly styled!
XOXO - April 27, 2011 at 8:44 PM
- Erika said...
Lovely! So beautiful and sweet at the same time! Love how the ribbon on the hat matches the petticoat =)
- April 28, 2011 at 4:32 AM
That's such a nice outfit! Love the layered petticoats, it's such a nice fluff.
- April 29, 2011 at 12:22 AM
- Cathi said...
that is an amazing dress. I love the polka dots graduating in size! And the petticoat is FAB.
- April 30, 2011 at 10:59 AM
- Bombshell Bettie said...
GAHHHH this dress is so cute! and i love it with the red, i need to get out my colored crinnies. did you see my new polka dot dress? its super cutness and has a very similar collar. when i come to visit next we should wear them on the same day and be twinsies....or not..LOL
- May 1, 2011 at 1:05 AM
- Miss Woody said...
you are so beautiful with that dress !!! perfect outfits
- May 2, 2011 at 3:27 AM
- Sara SHOEmaker said...
oh my word I love this dress!
House of Shoes - May 2, 2011 at 11:41 AM
- Colleen said...
I love the combination of red and brown (is that brown) - so cute! I hope you did something awesome that day because I really hate putting together such a good outfit and then having nothing to do in it :(
- May 4, 2011 at 7:15 AM
- Solanah said...
The petticoats are vintage, I got them all at the shop I work at. The longer, authentic 50s ones are very hard to find, so I snatch them up whenever I see them at a good price :)
Solanah - May 4, 2011 at 11:17 PM
- Happy-to-be-Mrs.D said...
New to your blog... LOVE this look (and so many others you've posted), ditto on everyone elses compliments on the red peekaboo petticoat. And those gloves were a perfect touch!
Everything about this look is absolutely my style... but no info on those supercute sunglasses! Vintage or modern-vintage-inspired?
Looking forward to spending as much time as I can manage searching your archives... thanks for the fun inspiration :) - May 6, 2011 at 8:25 AM
- Gladys said...
Adorable dress... perfect for a sunny summer day.
- May 13, 2011 at 7:19 PM
- Solanah said...
Happy-to-be-Mrs.D, thanks! The glasses are vintage :)
- May 27, 2011 at 6:51 PM


text: John Hearns wrote: >> In 2009, twenty years later, I think he might have a different take on this. >> I put all my bits onto floppys when I left there, and moved the important >> ones to spinning rust. I can still read the floppies. I doubt he can still >> read the tapes. > > This is I think referred to as 'digital archaeology' :) (visions of scientists holding up some rust as they dig through a plastic tape, and saying "look, I found a bit!!!") >> The point is that tape folks talk about longevity. But this makes a number >> of important assumptions about the media, the drives, and availability of >> replacement drives, which, as my advisor in graduate school discovered after >> her drive died, are not necessarily correct or accurate. >> > > There. You have the concept - now, to add value to my SATA eating > expanding storage array, you need to engineer it > so your company can come along and bolt onto it the next type of > storage - cakes of Blu-ray disks, multi packs of thumb drives, or > whatever. The smart storage array will already be migrating your data > before you even know it is out of date. > The hard part comes in disguising the bills to the Chief Finance Officer. Actually, what you described is *exactly* cloud storage. And the CFO would love (generally) to pay for it. Add whatever capacity you need, and pay for it ... only when you need it. Lowers the cost per TB or per GB ... however you want to view it. Your cost to run 1TB includes power, cooling, space, etc. Your cost to increment this costs whatever quantum of storage you currently pay in whatever size you pay for it. What if, rather than in large "kerchunk" amounts (with gleeful sales critters rubbing hands together), it was in effectively whatever size amount you needed? Without turning this into a commercial, we are working with a few folks in this regime. Anyone interested in this stuff, bug me offline. Do remember, TANSTAAFL though ... you have to pay the storage loaded cost, the bandwidth costs and latency to get data. I have a feeling, if the governments really invest in infrastructure that this might be much less of an issue going forward ... -- Joseph Landman, Ph.D Founder and CEO Scalable Informatics, email: landman at scalableinformatics.com web : http://scalableinformatics.com http://scalableinformatics.com/jackrabbit phone: +1 734 786 8423 x121 fax : +1 866 888 3112 cell : +1 734 612 4615