text:
Problem Solving Forum
February 11 - February 17, 2013
Can water be sprayed onto an IOZ coated surface, which has not fully cured due to low humid conditions, to accelerate the cure?
Selected Answers
Krishnan Swaminathan of Central Electrochemical Research Institute, India, Research in Protective Coating field for 27 years on
February 15, 2013:
yes ...read more
Stephen Cantrelle of Concord Terrazzo on
February 18, 2013:
Yes. Allow solvent to fla ...read more
Yes. Allow solvent to flash off first.
Simon Hope of Bilfinger Salamis on
February 18, 2013: It is absolutely essen ...read more
It is absolutely essential that IOZ is subjected to water, as it is needed as part of the chemical reaction to obtain chemical cure. IOZ will not cure in low humidity even though it seems to be dry; this is one of the most common failures to manifest as an apparent cohesive failure. Water must be present. High humidity is best, but a fine spray applied to the entire structure will work once the IOZ is through dry. It is essential to check the degree of cure using a white rag soaked in solvent, gently rubbed on the surface to ensure no material is dissolved. Once the IOZ is cured, it is imperative that the coating is thoroughly dried before the application of the sealer coat; otherwise, you will have reaction of the zinc to form oxide and the inevitable disbonding again!
Karen Oscarson of PPG on
February 15, 2013:
Yes, that is common pract ...read more
Yes, that is common practice in geographically arid parts of the world.
S. Matsumoto of Abraco on
February 15, 2013:
I have similar experience. Spray water but do ...read more
I have similar experience. Spray water but do not wash after a couple of hours.
Ahmed Abd Ellatif of MOPCO on
February 28, 2013:
Yes, apply water if the r ...read more
Yes, apply water if the relative humidity is below 65% but wait for 2 hours after application and use water with a low salt percentage because salt will delay the curing.
Stephen Bothello of Jotun Paints on
February 20, 2013:
Yes, water can accelerate ...read more
Yes, water can accelerate the cure. However, it's better to check with the coating manufacturer before taking this step. Seldom at low relative humidity levels below 30%, even with repeated water spray, it may not cure, depending on the product formula, and all uncured coating may need to be removed. This can therefore be confirmed only by the coating manufacturer's technical representative. In inorganic zinc silicates the curing/optimum strength development is by the hydrolysis reaction (addition of water) of the inorganic silicate binder/ polymer. A major part of this hydrolysis reaction is executed in the factory during production process by adding calculated amount of water and catalyst. The balance of the hydrolysis reaction has to be completed by water molecules from atmospheric humidity (after mixing & application). Most hydrolysis reactions are normally standardised by the manufacturers at 60% to 75 % atmospheric relative humidity levels. Lower than this humidity level will require external water spray (mist spray is sufficient, not high pressure spray ). At exceptionally low relative humidity levels (generally below 35%), it's better to call the manufacturer's technical representative and ask for technical advise/ intervention before application. Completion of this reaction to optimum levels/ cure state is assessed by the mandatory MEK rub test (ASTM D 4752). A rating minimum of 4 is good enough and 5 considered excellent for cure and strength development for subsequent coating with epoxy midcoat/ other coatings. Coin rub test for burnishing effect can be used as an additional confirmatory test to confirm curing over large/ entire area.
Jayakrishnan Radhakrishnan of Sigma Paints Saudi Arabia Limited on
February 14, 2013:
Yes, after approximately 4 hour ...read more
Yes, after approximately 4 hours of application, the primed surface should be wetted or soaked with clean water for 2 hours, followed by complete drying.
Grant Kirby-Smith of Jotun Paints on
February 11, 2013:
Yes, provide it has dried ...read more
Yes, provide it has dried for at least a couple of hours or it will wash off. Always conduct an MEK rub test + coin test to ensure the primer is cured before overcoating.
Farooq MD of JGC on
February 12, 2013:
yes ...read more
Dipesh Vyas of CARBOLINE on
February 15, 2013:
It is recommended to main ...read more
It is recommended to maintain humidity by sprinkling /spraying or misting of water but not by soaking /immersing after a minimum of 2 hrs of cure ( 23 C), and check after every 3-4 hours to determine if required step can be repeated . It is as good as cement in the way it drinks water till it becomes hard rock. IOZ curing is also more or less similar.
willem van Gent of corrcon Marine on
February 10, 2013:
I have experience on hatc ...read more
I have experience on hatch covers in Korea where we use water spray in the winter time when the humidity is very low on IOZ primer after spray application with a good result.


text:
RSD(S)-CRPS Advisory
Pregabalin(Lyrica) vs Gabapentin(Neurontin)
Pregabalin and Gabapentin for Neuropathic Pain and CRPS/RSD
By Brett R. Stacey, MD, and Pamela Campbell, MD
pregabalin (Lyrica®)
was approved by the Food and Drug Administration
(FDA) for the treatment of post herpetic neuralgia (PHN) and painful diabetic peripheral
neuropathy (DPN).
Pregabalin has a chemical structure similar to
a medication originally developed to treat seizures that is now widely used
to treat many varieties of neuropathic pain including CRPS/RSD.
Both medications
reduce pain by normalizing overactive pain pathways.
Pregabalin is the first drug ever
approved in the United States for two different neuropathic pain conditions. We believe it
will be an important treatment option for many patients with CRPS.
Gabapentin has been a great advance in treating CRPS/RSD and neuropathic pain.
addition to its effectiveness, it is very safe, with no reports of fatal overdose or organ
failure. However, it does not work for everyone and sometimes the side effects are very
Does pregabalin offer an improvement?
There are currently at least six large studies with pregabalin for the treatment of PHN and
DPN. In these studies pregabalin shows up to a 50 percent decrease in pain scores. This
is better than the roughly 30 to 40 percent reduction in pain scores observed in the trials
of gabapentin for the same indications. In addition to pain relief,
patients treated with
pregabalin report improvements in sleep, mood, and day-to-day function.
Because of its
longer half-life, pregabalin can be dosed on a twice a day schedule. (Gabapentin is dosed
three times a day.) At high doses, much of the gabapentin is never absorbed from the
bowel, whereas pregabalin is easily absorbed at all doses, making for more predictable
dosing. Data suggest that pregabalin can begin reducing pain as quickly as one day after it
has been started. This is quicker than ever reported with gabapentin. Finally, preliminary
results from a study of patients with neuropathic pain who had not responded to
gabapentin and two other medicines shows that even in those patients, pregabalin can
provide significant relief.
The majority of patients in this study (who had PHN and
DPN) strongly preferred pregabalin to gabapentin.
In addition to neuropathic pain, pregabalin has been shown to be effective in
fibromyalgia pain, the pain after spinal cord injury, and anxiety.
Pregabalin comes in 8 dosage strengths from 25mg up to 300mg. All capsule sizes are the
same price Roughly 1,800 mg of pregabalin is approximately $90, while pregabalin twice
a day for all doses is around $118.
Gabapentin and pregabalin have similar side effects. The most common are dizziness and
sedation. Patients placed on gabapentin usually experience side effects as they titrate
slowly up to an effective dose, which is roughly 1,200 to 3,600 mg per day. Conversely,
for patients taking pregabalin the typical starting dose of 150 mg per day can be helpful..
The range of effective doses is 150 to 600mg per day. For both medications, side effects
tend to decrease over time. Less common side effects include peripheral edema and
weight gain especially when taken in combination with oral hypoglycemics.
Pregabalin is categorized by the FDA as a schedule V drug, the lowest level of
surveillance from the FDA. This means it is a controlled substance.
The earliest reports of gabapentin's use in treating pain were case reports of a few
patients with CRPS/RSD who improved with gabapentin. Unfortunately, there have never
been larger, controlled studies that definitively prove the benefits of gabapentin. As of yet,
there are no studies in CRPS/RSD for pregabalin. CRPS and all other nerve pathology
other than PHN and DPN are considered off label since studies in nerve pain have only
been done in these specific conditions.
Our clinical experience
Here at Oregon Health & Science University, we have 8 years of research experience with
pregabalin and since September of 2005 many of our patients have received it. Almost
every patient converted to pregabalin from gabapentin prefers pregabalin either because of
improved pain control or fewer side effects. Some patients have pain relief immediately.
As everyone reading this knows,
treating neuropathic pain is challenging, so pregabalin
certainly doesn't work for everyone. Our experience coupled with the extensive research
supporting its use in other painful conditions makes us optimistic that pregabalin will
prove to be a valuable tool in treating CRPS.
Brett R. Stacey, MD, Pamela Campbell, MD
Comprehensive Pain Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Since the reelection of President Barack Obama, United
States "citizens" from over 30 states have filed petitions to formally secede
from the Union, and more than 10 have reached the signature requirements that necessitate
a response from the Federal government.
While the secessionist movement is not a new social
phenomenon, in fact many of its modern roots go back to passage of the Voting
Rights Act in 1965, its present mass resurgence should be something that gives
pause to progressive forces. Not because the secessionist movement will likely
succeed (at least in short-term), but because it is a reflection of deep white
reaction to various demographic and political transformations in the United
States empire that will have multiple expressions, many of them likely to be
rather deadly. When we put the secessionist movement in the broader context of
the ideology and historic social system of white supremacy then we see that is
much more than just a fringe movement.
As Obama's reelection in part demonstrated, the 500 + year nexus
between the systems of capitalism, imperialism, and white supremacy is
fracturing beyond repair. There are now ruling class elements and a broad
social base in the United States that are willing to jettison many of the
social manifestations of white supremacy in order to preserve the
capitalist-imperialist world system and the material benefits they reap from
it. The secessionist movement reflects in part the interests of the forces of
white supremacy who are materially dependent on the old-systems of production
that require the unity of this historic nexus for their material well-being or
are socially and ideologically committed to its perpetuation.
For much of the 20th century the far right forces
of white supremacy were generally satisfied with the post-Reconstruction
reinterpretation of the "states rights" doctrine, which was the result of a set
of compromises established at the founding of the United Sates empire between
the states that wanted to expand chattel slavery and those that were
transitioning to a fully articulated system of wage labor. This reinterpretation
rested on the notion that the Southern ruling class interests could continue
subjugating the colonized (New) African and Indigenous nations contained in the
region for the purposes of having a super-cheap labor force to exploit so long
as they accepted the hegemony of the Federal government, which was rooted
primarily in the controlling hands of monopoly industrial and finance
capitalists based along the Northeastern seaboard. This reinterpretation
contained secessionist aspirations for nearly a century, but it never
completely vanquished them. The Black Liberation movement of the 1950's, 60's
and 70's weakened the post-Reconstruction "states rights" compromise, and
breathed new life into the secessionist movement.
Playing up "states rights" as code for the perpetuation of
white supremacy was at the heart of the "Southern Strategy" developed by the
Nixon regime to defeat the "New Deal" alliance of the Democratic Party that was
forged in the 1930's and 40's (the alliance that gave birth to the political
ideologies and social forces now breaking with white supremacy). The
reactionary "Southern Strategy" worked brilliantly until the 1990's, when it
was appropriated by elements of the Democratic Party (particularly the
Democratic Leadership Council) to regain political legitimacy and power. This
appropriation heightened contradictions amongst the forces of white supremacy,
which in turn have opened space for more far right movements like the secessionist
movement, to operate and compete within for ideological hegemony. For these far right forces the reelection of
a Black man to conduct the affairs of the White House over what was supposed to
be a white man's country is just too much to bear. In this context, secession
is not so much fringe, but in fact is rather logical.
It may also turn out to be brilliant strategy. The "right to
secede" is a democratic right and one technically enshrined in the United
States constitution. If this right is denied without sufficient political
struggle to clarify the issues, particularly by a Black man who is deemed and
demonized as a dictator due to his different interpretation of the Constitution
and management of the capitalist-imperialist system, it can and will become a
rallying cry for the far right that could potentially mobilize millions of
white settlers, particularly as there are strong preexisting settler narratives
to support and justify their cause (from "don't tread on me" to "no taxation
without representation"), and give life to the civil strife, if not all out
war, that many Republican and Tea Party commentators spoke to leading up to the
November 6th elections.
So, this movement is something that progressive forces
should pay attention to and think strategically about. And not because
progressive forces should be aiming to preserve the political or structural
integrity of the United States as it is presently constituted. We have to
remember that there is nothing sacred or sacrosanct about the present borders
of the settler states that comprise the so-called Union. This government and
these borders have not always existed, are not inherently legitimate, and
definitely have not served the interests of Indigenous, African, Xicano, Puerto
Rican, and other colonized and oppressed peoples who live on the Great Turtle
island (one of the Indigenous names of the North America continent). Rather,
our primary interest should be protecting our people, exploring solutions that
will advance our total liberation, and combating the repression these
reactionary forces are and will direct against us. As the contradictions of
this imperial society become more acute, we need to be as aware and prepared as
possible to address them with sufficient organization in the pursuit of our own
interests – least we be caught unaware and used as pawns once again to preserve
the "white man's systems".


text:
A round-up of stories on Washington wine from May 1st to 7th. Read previous round-ups here.
From around the country…
The Washington Post picks up an AP story about Eaton Hill Winery.
The San Francisco Chronicle writes about oyster wine winners with callouts to Cadaretta's 2010 SBS, Chateau Ste. Michelle's 2009 Sauvignon Blanc, and Hogue's 2009 Pinot Grigio.
The Napa Valley Register writes about the 2009 Chateau Ste. Michelle Dry Riesling (asking whether this could be America's greatest wine value. Answer? Yes!).
The Maine Sunday Telegram writes about Hedges.
Wines & Vines writes about Lachini Vineyards.
From the blogosphere…
Go Local Prov writes about Washington state wine with callouts to Milbrandt, Chateau Ste. Michelle, and Columbia Winery.
B Town Blog writes about Burien's Decanter Wines.
Paul Gregutt gives his top 10 wines of the month. He also writes about a vertical tasting at Walla Walla Vintners. He also writes about Vintage Walla Walla and Entwine.
Woodinville Wine Update gives upcoming Woodinville events.
Esquin's Blog writes about the Long Shadows Poet's Leap Riesling.
Lucha Vino tastes a Washington v French Malbec.
Sip of Spokane writes about Spring Barrel Tasting.
Wine & Dine Walla Walla asks whether Cayuse can provide the foundation for another event weekend. They also write about a new Walla Walla Valley wine app and Tru Cellars.
WINO Magazine writes about Vintage Walla Walla and Entwine.
Wine Peeps writes about the 2008 Willow Crest Cabernet Franc. They also write about Doyenne.
Nectar Tasting Room & Wine Blog writes about May wine events in Spokane.
NW Cork and Fork writes about Tero Estates.
From the locals…
Northwest Cable News writes about Spring Barrel tasting in Spokane.
Wine Press NW gives its wine of the week.
Wenatchee World writes about Eagle Creek.
The Tri-City Herald writes about Dunham Cellars.
The Olympian writes about the pilot program allowing wine at Farmers Markets.
Writing for the Seattle Times, Paul Gregutt gives tips for finding tasty wine on the store shelves. He also writes about Northwest Rose.
That's all folks!


text:
This article is more than 1 year old
The perfect CRIME? New HTTPS web hijack attack explained
BEASTie boys reveal ingenious login cookie gobble
More details have emerged of a new attack that allows hackers to hijack encrypted web traffic - such as online banking and shopping protected by HTTPS connections.
The so-called CRIME technique lures a vulnerable web browser into leaking an authentication cookie created when a user starts a secure session with a website. Once the cookie has been obtained, it can be used by hackers to login to the victim's account on the site.
CRIME (Compression Ratio Info-leak Made Easy) was created by security researchers Juliano Rizzo and Thai Duong, who cooked up the BEAST SSL exploit last year. CRIME works on any version of TLS, the underlying technology that protects HTTPS connections. The number of requests an attacker would need to make to pull off the hijack is fairly low - up to six requests per cookie byte. Unlike the BEAST attack, CRIME can't be defeated by configuring the web server to use a different encryption algorithm.
Punters using web browsers that implement either TLS or SPDY compression are potentially at risk - but the vulnerability only comes into play if the victim visits a website that accepts the affected protocols. Support is widespread but far from ubiquitous.
The researchers worked with Mozilla and Google to ensure that both Firefox and Chrome are protected. Microsoft's Internet Explorer is not vulnerable to the attack, and only beta versions of Opera support SPDY. Smartphone browsers and other applications that rely on TLS may be vulnerable, according to Ars Technica.
"Basically, the attacker is running a script on Evil.com," Rizzo explained to Kaspersky Labs' Threatpost. "He forces the browser to open requests to Bank.com by, for example, adding <img alt=""> tags with the src pointing to Bank.com. Each of those requests contains data from mixed sources."
Each encrypted request includes an image file name - a constantly changing detail that is generated by the malicious script; the browser's identification headers, which don't change; and the login cookie, the target of the attack. When the file name matches part of the login cookie, the size of the message drops because the compression algorithm removes this redundancy.
"The problem is that compression combines all those sources together," Rizzo added. "The attacker can sniff the packets and get the size of the requests that are sent. By changing the [file name] path, he could attempt to minimise the request size, ie: when the file name matches the cookie."
This brute-force attack has been demonstrated against several sites including Dropbox, Github and Stripe. Affected organisations were notified by the pair, and the websites have reportedly suspended support for the leaky encryption compression protocols. Ivan Ristic, director of engineering at Qualys, estimates 42 percent of sites support TLS compression.
The researchers will present their work at the Ekoparty security conference in Buenos Aires, Argentina next week. In the meantime, Jeremiah Grossman, founder and chief technology officer of WhiteHat Security, has a detailed take on the attack here. ®


text:
The term grotto was applied to a cave or cavern made by hollowing out the ground, as at The Woodlands, or digging into a bank or hillside, as at Lemon Hill and Monticello. While some grottoes were formed out of a naturally occurring cavity or depression—as in the case of the grotto at Belfield—they could also be created artificially, complete with contiguous artificial rockwork [Fig. 1] or constructed simply as a stone summerhouse. They could also be made from a combination of natural and artificial elements. In 1771, for example, Thomas Jefferson described building up a natural cave with rock or clay, then covering it with moss or thatch (view text).
A general characteristic of the grotto was its ornamentation or embellishment with shells, rocks, and bits of glass or, as Richard Stockton wrote in 1767, curious "antiquities." His wife, Annis Boudinot Stockton, planned her shell grotto at Morven, near Princeton, as a museum for the display of such ancient relics. Not only did Stockton visit Alexander Pope's garden in Twickenham, near London, which was well known for its extensive shell-covered interior, but he also collected several souvenirs, including a piece of Roman brick from Dover Castle, a piece of wood from the King's Coronation chair, and other curiosities for this grotto.[1]
In his dictionary, G. (George) Gregory repeats Ephraim Chambers's definition of the grotto as an ornamented cave, adding the recipe for cement that would secure the placement of shells, fossils, crystalline minerals, and curious stones (view text). This recipe also would render the grotto waterproof. Water was a key element in the creation of the grotto, whether it ran through the grotto as a stream or was available from a nearby spring. Accounts document that the sound and dampness of water were essential to the experience of the grotto.
Grottoes were sited at the termination of walks, as recommended by Bernard M'Mahon (view text), or in secluded parts of the garden as were the grottoes at Economy and Andalusia, Pennsylvania. [Fig. 2]. They were sometimes built under another structure such as a summerhouse or a glasshouse—as at Belfield—or as an enhancement to a spring or ice house [Fig. 3]. The reports of visitors echo the experience of an enchanted, unearthly ambience in the grotto, invoking its association with the underworld and fantasy. The grotto's "veiled entrance with tracery of creepers," and its interior "cool with greenish-light," suggested links to the mythological tradition of an underworld deriving from classical precedents or caves as sites for mysteries and transformations.[2]
—Therese O'Malley
- Stockton, Richard, July 1767, in a letter to Annis Boudinot Stockton, describing England (quoted in Greiff 1989: 1:38) [3]
- "England is not the place for curious shells, therefore you must not expect much by me in that way; but I shall bring you a piece of Roman brick, which I knocked off the top of Dover Castle, which is said to have been built before the death of Christ. I have also got for your collection a piece of wood, which I cut off the effigy of Archbishop Peckham, buried in the Cathedral of Canterbury more than five hundred years ago; likewise a piece from the king's coronation chair, and several other things, which merely as antiquities, may deserve a place in your grotto.
- "I have dined with Mr. Neat several times. Miss Neat is exceedingly obliged for the shells you sent her. She has made some curious flowers out of them. She and her mamma are both engaged to find out for me the best cement for sticking shells in the large way, which I know will be needful for you when you begin your grotto. You see I do not omit attending to your commands. I told you in my last that I intended a visit to Twickenham, to see Mr. Pope's house, gardens, and grotto, for you direction. This I shall execute if it please God."
- Jefferson, Thomas, 1771, describing plans for Monticello, plantation of Thomas Jefferson, Charlottesville, VA (1944: 26–27),[4]
- ". . . the ground above the spring being very steep, dig into the hill and form a cave or grotto. build up the sides and arch with stiff clay. cover this with moss. spangle it with translucent pebbles from Hanovertown, and beautiful shells from the shore at Burwell's ferry. pave the floor with pebbles. let the spring enter at a corner of the grotto, pretty high up the side, and trickle down, or fall by a spout into a basin, from which it may pass off through the grotto. the figure will be better placed in this. form a couch of moss. the English inscription will then be proper.
- Nymph of the grot, these sacred springs I keep,
- And to the murmur of these waters sleep;
- Ah! spare my slumbers! gently tread the cave!
- And drink in silence, or in silence lave!"
- back up to History
- Quincy, Josiah, May 3, 1773, describing the country seat of John Dickinsen, near Philadelphia, PA (Colonial Williamsburg Foundation)
- "This worthy and arch-politician, (for such he is though his views and disposition lead him to refuse the latter appellation) here enjoys otium cum dignitate as much as any man. Take into consideration the antique look of his house, his gardens, green-house, bathing-house, grotto, study, fish-pond, fields, meadows, vista, through which is distant prospect of Delaware River."
- Anonymous, 1783, describing the gardens at Stowe, estate of George Grenville Nugent Temple, England (quoted in O'Neal 1976: 337) [5]
- "[The grotto] stands at the Head of the Serpentine River, and on each side a Pavilion, the one ornamented with Shells, the other with Pebbles and Flints broke to Pieces. The Grotto is furnished with a great number of Looking-glasses both on the Walls and Ceiling, all in Frames of Plaster-work, set with Shells and Flints. A Marble Statue of Venus, on a Pedestal stuck with the same." [Fig. 4]
- Jefferson, Thomas, 1786, "Memorandums Made on a Tour to Some of the Gardens in England" (quoted in Hunt and Willis, eds., 1975: 333)[6]
- "Twickenham. . . the grotto is under the street, and goes out level to the water. . .
- "Paynshill. . . well described by Whateley. Grotto said to have cost 7000.£."
- Cutler, Manasseh, July 14, 1787, describing the Bartram Botanic Garden and Nursery, vicinity of Philadelphia, PA (1987: 1:277)[7]
- "There were several other hermitages, constructed in different forms; but the Grottoes and Hermitages were not yet completed, and some space of time will be necessary to give them that highly romantic air which they are capable of attaining."
- G., L., June 15, 1788, describing The Woodlands, seat of William Hamilton, near Philadelphia, PA (Madsen 1988: B2)[8]
- ". . . a little further on, you come to a charming spring, some part of the ground is hollowed out where Mr Hamilton is going to form a grotto, he has already collected some shells."
- Anonymous, 1797, describing the gardens at Stowe, estate of George Grenville Nugent Temple, England (quoted in O'Neal 1976: 337)[5]
- "[The Grotto has] trees which stretch across the water, together with those which back it, and others which hang over the cavern, form[ing] a scene singularly perfect in its kind. . . In the upper [end] is placed a fine marble statue of VENUS rising from her bath, and from this the water falls into the lower bason." [Fig. 5]
- Wailes, Benjamin L. C., December 29, 1829, describing Lemon Hill, estate of Henry Pratt, Philadelphia, PA (quoted in Moore 1954: 359) [9]
- "But the most enchanting prospect is towards the grand pleasure grove & green house of a Mr. Prat[t], a gentleman of fortune, and to this we next proceeded by a circutous [sic] rout, passing in view of the fish ponds, bowers, rustic retreats, summer houses, fountains, grotto, &c., &c. The grotto is dug in a bank [and] is of a circular form, the side built up of rock and arched over head, and a number of Shells [?]. A dog of natural size carved out of marble sits just within the entrance, the guardian of the place. A narrow aperture lined with a hedge of arbor vitae leads to it. Next is a round fish pond with a small fountain playing in the pond."
- Kennedy, John Pendleton, 1833, in an address to the Horticultural Society of Maryland, describing the flower hall of the First Annual Exhibition (1833: 6)[10]
- ". . . this hall has been transmuted into a charmed grotto, where one might fancy some unearthly enchanter had wrought his spell to delight the senses with all the riches of shape, hue and fragrance."
- Martineau, Harriet, May 4, 1835, describing New Orleans, LA (1838: 1:274)[11]
- "All the rest [of the villas] were an entertainment to the eye as they stood, white and cool, amid their flowering magnolias, and their blossoming alleys, hedges, and thickets of roses. In returning [from the battle-ground], we alighted at one of these delicious retreats, and wandered about, losing each other among the thorns, the ceringas, and the wilderness of shrubs. We met in a grotto, under the summer-house, cool with a greenish light, and veiled at its entrance with a tracery of creepers. There we lingered, amid singing or silent dreaming. There seemed to be too little that was real about the place for ordinary voices to be heard speaking about ordinary things."
- Hovey, C. M. (Charles Mason), September 1840, describing the estate of James Arnold, New Bedford, MA (Magazine of Horticulture 6: 364)[12]
- "Continuing through the winding walks, shady bowers, and umbrageous retreats, through which rustic seats were placed, we arrived at the shell grotto. This is an ingenious piece of work, finely executed under the direction of Mr. Arnold. The roof is supported by columns of rough trunks of trees, the outer part of the roof thatched, and the ceiling elegantly inlaid with shells, quartz, &c. A rustic sofa and table are the only articles in the interior. So secluded is this grotto, that the robin has built its nest and reared its young in some of the niches left for that purpose."
- Loudon, J. C. (John Claudius), 1850, describing Lemon Hill, estate of Henry Pratt, Philadelphia, PA (1850: 331)[13]
- "850. Lemon Hill, near Philadelphia. . . [Downing observes:] '. . . An extensive range of hothouses, curious grottoes and spring-houses, as well as every other gardenesque structure, gave variety and interest to this celebrated spot, which we regret the rapidly extending trees, and the mania for improvement there, as in some of our other cities, have now nearly destroyed and obliterated.' (Downing's Landscape Gardening adapted to North America.)"
- Chambers, Ephraim, 1741, Cyclopaedia (1741: 1:n.p.)[14]
- "GROTTO*, or GROTTA, in natural history, a large deep cavern or den in a mountain or rock. . .
- "GROTTO, is also used for a little artificial edifice made in a garden, in imitation of a natural grotto. The outsides of these grotto's are usually adorned with rustic architecture, and their inside with shell-work, furnished like-wise with various jet-d'eaus, or fountains, &c.
- "The grotto at Versailles is an excellent piece of building.—Solomon de Caux has an express treatise of grotto's and fountains.
- "* The word is Italian, grotta, formed according to Menage, and &c. from the Latin crypta: du Cange observes, that grotta was used in the same sense in the corrupt Latin."
- Anonymous, 1752, South Carolina Gazette (quoted in Lounsbury, ed., 1994: 62)[15]
- "To Gentlemen. . . as have a taste in pleasure. . . gardens. . . may depend on having them laid out, leveled, and drained in the most compleat manner, and politest taste, by the subscriber; who perfectly understands. . . erecting water works. . . fountains, cascades, grottos."
- Johnson, Samuel, 1755, A Dictionary of the English Language (1755: 1:n.p.)[16]
- "GRO'TTO. n.s. [grotte, French, grotta, Italian.] A cavern or cave made for coolness. It is not used properly of a dark horrid cavern."
- Heely, Joseph, 1777, Letters on the Beauties of Hagley, Envil, and the Leasowes (1777; repr., 1982: 1:55–58)[17]
- "Beauty in gardening, as I observed before, does not consist in perfect symmetry, as in architecture; it is composed, and ever delights, in a sympathizing irregularity. . .
- "This is the grand chain on which the principles of modern gardening depend; and what should never be out of the eye of the designer: if one link be broken in the most insignificant object, it is of such consequence, that the whole may fall into censure, and other parts be sullied by its deformity.
- "The artist who deviates not from these rules, will know that an obelisk best becomes a hill. . . gots [grottoes, sic], contemplative and retired, down in the most sombrous obscurity, near the dribbling of rills. . .
- "You will conclude that great expences must consequently attend the performance of a gay, modern design."
- M'Mahon, Bernard, 1806, The American Gardener's Calendar (1806: 58, 64–65)[18]
- "In various parts of the pleasure-ground, leave recesses and other places surrounded with clumps of trees and shrubs, for the erection of garden edifices, such as temples, grottos, rural seats, statues, &c. . .
- "In some spacious pleasure-grounds various light ornamental buildings and erections are introduced, as ornaments to particular departments; such as temples, bowers, banquetting houses, alcoves, grottos, rural seats, cottages, fountains, obelisks, statues, and other edifices; these and the like are usually erected in the different parts, in openings between the divisions of the ground, and contiguous to the terminations of grand walks, &c. . .
- "Likewise in some parts are exhibited artificial rock-work, contiguous to some grotto, fountain, rural piece of water, &c. and planted with a variety of saxatile plants, or such as grow naturally on rocks and mountains." back up to History
- Gregory, G. (George), 1816, A New and Complete Dictionary of Arts and Sciences (1816: 2:n.p.),[19]
- "GROTTO is also used for a little artificial edifice made in a garden, in imitation of a natural grotto. The outside of these grottos are usually adorned with rustic architecture, and their inside with shell-work, fossils, &c. finished likewise with jets-d'eau or fountains, &c. A cement for artificial grottos may be made thus: Take two parts of white rosin, melt it clear, and add to it four parts of bees'-wax; when melted together, add two or three parts of the powder of the stone you design to cement, or so much as will give the cement the colour of the stone. With this cement, the stone, shells, &c. after being well dried before the fire, may be cemented. Artificial red coral branches, for the embellishment of grottos, may be made in the following manner: Take clear rosin, dissolve it in a brass-pan, to every ounce of which add two drams of the finest vermilion; when you have stirred them well together, and have chosen your twigs and branches, peeled and dried, take a pencil and paint the branches all over whilst the composition is warm; afterwards shape them in imitation of natural coral. This done, hold the branches over a gentle coal-fire, till all is smooth and even as if polished. In the same manner white coral may be prepared with white lead, and black coral with lamp-black. A grotto may be built with little expense, of glass, cinders, pebbles, pieces of large flint, shells, moss, stones, counterfeit coral, pieces of chalk, &c. all bound or cemented together with the above-described cement." back up to History
- Loudon, J. C. (John Claudius), 1826, An Encyclopaedia of Gardening (1826: 356) [20]
- "1815. Grottoes are resting-places in recluse situations, rudely covered externally, and within finished with shells, corals, spars, crystallisations, and other marine and mineral productions, according to fancy. To add to the effect, pieces of looking-glass are inserted in different places and positions."
- Webster, Noah, 1828, An American Dictionary of the English Language (1828: 1:n.p.)[21]
- "GROT, GROT'TO, n. [Fr. grotte, It. grotta, Sp. and Port. gruta; G. and Dan. grotte; D. grot; Sax. grut. Grotta is not used.]
- "1. A large cave or den; a subterraneous cavern, and primarily, a natural cave or rent in the earth, or such as is formed by a current of water, or an earthquake. Pope. Prior. Dryden.
- "2. A cave for coolness and refreshment."
- Loudon, Jane, 1845, Gardening for Ladies (1845: 239)[22]
- "GROTTOES are covered seats, or small cells or caves, with the sides and roof constructed of rockwork, or of brick or stone, covered internally with spar or other curious stones, and sometimes ornamented with marine productions, such as corals, madrepores, or shells. A kind of grotto is also constructed of roots ornamented with moss. Perhaps the most generally effective grotto is one formed with blocks of stone, without ornaments either externally or internally, with the floor paved with pebbles, and with a large long stone, or a wooden bench painted to imitate stone, as a seat. The roof should be rendered waterproof by means of cement, and covered with ivy; or a mass of earth may be heaped over it, and planted with periwinkle, ivy, or other low-growing evergreen shrubs, which may be trained to hang down over the mouth of the grotto. In some cases it answers to cover grottoes with turf, so that when seen from behind they appear like a knoll of earth, and in front like the entrance into a natural cave. As grottoes are generally damp at most seasons of the year, they are more objects of ornament or curiousity than useful as seats or places of repose. One of the finest grottoes in England is that at Pain's Hill, formed of blocks of stone, with stalactite incrustations hanging from the roof, and a small stream running across the floor. Pope's grotto at Twickenham, the grotto at Weybridge, and that at Wimbourne St Giles, which last cost 10,000l., are also celebrated. A fountain or gushing stream is a very appropriate ornament to a grotto; though, where practicable, it is better in an adjoining cave, when a person sitting in the grotto can hear the murmur of the water, and see the light reflected on it at a distance, than in the grotto itself."
- Johnson, George William, 1847, A Dictionary of Modern Gardening (1847: 276)[23]
- "GROTTO, is a resting place, formed rudely of rock-work, roots of trees, and shells, and is most appropriately placed beneath the deep shade of woods, and on the margin of water. Its intention is to be a cool retreat during summer."
- Tuthill, Louisa C. (Louisa Caroline), 1848, History of Architecture (1848: 394)[24]
- "Grotto. An artificial cave."
- Downing, Andrew Jackson, 1849, A Treatise on the Theory and Practice of Landscape Gardening (1849: 473)[25]
- "Unity of expression is the maxim and guide in this department of the art, as in every other. . .
- "With regard to pavilions, summer-houses, rustic seats, and garden edifices of like character, they should, if possible, in all cases be introduced where they are manifestly appropriate or in harmony with the scene. Thus a grotto should not be formed in the side of an open bank, but in a deep shadowy recess."
J. C. Loudon, A grotto scene from Monza, Italy, in An Encyclopedia of Gardening (1834), 36, fig. 20.
J. C. Loudon, "Grotto, with Umbrella Tent over," Cheshunt Cottage, in The Gardener's Magazine 15, no. 117 (December 1839): 654, fig. 164.
Charles Willson Peale, View of the garden at Belfield, 1816.
- ↑ Karen Bescherer Metheny et al., "Method in Landscape Archaeology: Research Strategies in a Historic New Jersey Garden," in Landscape Archaeology: Reading and Interpreting the American Historical Landscape, ed. Rebecca Yamin and Karen Bescherer Metheny (Knoxville, TN: University of Tennessee Press, 1996), 8, view on Zotero.
- ↑ Naomi Miller, Heavenly Caves: Reflections on the Garden Grotto (New York: G. Braziller, 1982), 11–12, view on Zotero.
- ↑ Constance Greiff, "Morven: A Documentary History" (Hopewell, NJ: Heritage Studies, 1989), view on Zotero.
- ↑ Thomas Jefferson, The Garden Book, ed. Edwin M. Betts (Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, 1944), view on Zotero.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 William Bainter O'Neal, Jefferson's Fine Arts Library: His Selections for the University of Virginia Together with His Own Architectural Books (Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1976), view on Zotero.
- ↑ John Dixon Hunt and Peter Willis, eds., The Genius of Place: The English Landscape Garden, 1620–1820 (London: Paul Elek, 1975), view on Zotero.
- ↑ William Parker Cutler, Life, Journals, and Correspondence of Rev. Manasseh Cutler, LL.D. (Athens: Ohio University Press, 1987), view on Zotero.
- ↑ Karen Madsen, "William Hamilton's Woodlands," (paper presented for seminar in American Landscape, 1790–1900, instructed by E. McPeck, Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study, Harvard University, 1988), view on Zotero.
- ↑ John Hebron Moore, "A View of Philadelphia in 1829: Selections from the Journal of B. L. C. Wailes of Natchez," Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 78 (July 1954): 353–60, view on Zotero.
- ↑ John Pendleton Kennedy, Address Delivered before the Horticultural Society of Maryland at Its First Annual Exhibition, June 12, 1833 (Baltimore, MD: John D. Toy, 1833), view on Zotero.
- ↑ Harriet Martineau, Retrospect of Western Travel, 2 vols. (London: Saunders and Otley, 1838), view on Zotero.
- ↑ Charles Mason Hovey, "Notes on Gardens and Gardening, in New Bedford, Mass.," Magazine of Horticulture, Botany, and All Useful Discoveries and Improvements in Rural Affairs 6, no. 10 (October 1840): 361–66, view on Zotero.
- ↑ J. C. (John Claudius) Loudon, An Encyclopaedia of Gardening; Comprising the Theory and Practice of Horticulture, Floriculture, Arboriculture, and Landscape-Gardening, new ed. (London: Longman et al., 1850), view on Zotero.
- ↑ Ephraim Chambers, Cyclopaedia, or An Universal Dictionary of Arts and Sciences. . . ., 5th ed., 2 vols. (London: D. Midwinter: 1741–43), view on Zotero.
- ↑ Carl R. Lounsbury, ed., An Illustrated Glossary of Early Southern Architecture and Landscape (New York: Oxford University Press, 1994), view on Zotero.
- ↑ Samuel Johnson, A Dictionary of the English Language: In Which the Words Are Deduced from the Originals and Illustrated in the Different Significations by Examples from the Best Writers, 2 vols. (London: W. Strahan for J. and P. Knapton, 1755), view on Zotero.
- ↑ Joseph Heely, Letters on the Beauties of Hagley, Envil, and the Leasowes, 2 vols. (1777; repr., New York: Garland, 1982), view on Zotero.
- ↑ Bernard M'Mahon, The American Gardener's Calendar: Adapted to the Climates and Seasons of the United States. Containing a Complete Account of All the Work Necessary to Be Done. . . for Every Month of the Year. . . (Philadelphia: Printed by B. Graves for the author, 1806), view on Zotero.
- ↑ George Gregory, A New and Complete Dictionary of Arts and Sciences, 1st American ed., 3 vols. (Philadelphia: Isaac Peirce, 1816), view on Zotero.
- ↑ J. C. (John Claudius) Loudon, An Encyclopaedia of Gardening; Comprising the Theory and Practice of Horticulture, Floriculture, Arboriculture, and Landscape-Gardening, 4th ed. (London: Longman et al., 1826), view on Zotero.
- ↑ Noah Webster, An American Dictionary of the English Language, 2 vols. (New York: S. Converse, 1828), view on Zotero.
- ↑ Jane Loudon, Gardening for Ladies; and Companion to the Flower-Garden, ed. A. J. Downing (New York: Wiley & Putnam, 1845), view on Zotero.
- ↑ George William Johnson, A Dictionary of Modern Gardening, ed. David Landreth (Philadelphia: Lea and Blanchard, 1847), view on Zotero.
- ↑ Louisa C. Tuthill, History of Architecture, from the Earliest Times. . . (Philadelphia: Lindsay and Blakiston, 1848), view on Zotero.
- ↑ A. J. [Andrew Jackson] Downing, A Treatise on the Theory and Practice of Landscape Gardening . . . 4th ed. (New York: G. P. Putnam, 1849), view on Zotero.


text:
This fifth issue of Volume 8 of Coaching Science Abstracts reviews articles concerned with characteristics of female athletes and differences between male and female athletes. It extends the concepts reported in Volume 2(5) and Volume 5(5). It further justifies establishing different coaching and training programs for each gender.
Return to Coaching Science Abstracts' Main Table of Contents.


text:
Rectangle Stickies (Grid) - Choose Your Color Palette - F10
Rectangle Stickies (Grid) - Choose Your Color Palette - F10
Functional Boxes - Rectangle Grid Stickies
Kiss cut colorful rectangle grid stickies in a multitude of colorways - use in your planner for both function and deco!
All stickers are no more than 1.5" wide and will fit perfectly in any planner with standard column widths. Because they are so versatile, they can also be used in bullet journals, memory keeping spreads and any other way you can dream up.
Pick your preferred color palette from the drop down menu. All palettes are based on collections and/or Colorful Boxes colorways and are named as such (i.e. option 03 is based on Colorful Boxes set 3, and option 12 is based on Colorful Boxes set 12 AND Kit 130).
Coordinating collections are indicated in both the color chart images and the drop down menu.
All products in this line are also available in Rainbow, Nude, Neutral and Black options and are also shown in the color charts.
Please note: colors may vary slightly between monitors.


text:
pooh.jpg (JPEG Image, 500×659 pixels)
Many of you might be confused by the title and the term "smart". To me a "smart" blog is a blog that behaves differently depending on its visitors' behavior and characteristics.
A simple example of this is a blog that displays a list of today's most popular posts on the sidebar. The list changes based on visitors' behavior so to this is definitely a smart blog feature. There are plenty of WordPress plugins out there that do this for you automatically (e.g. Top 10), but that is not the point. The point here is that having the ability to morph your blog per visitor activity can assist you in meeting your conversion goals (whatever they may be). A list of popular posts is quite a simple feature, so let me take you to another level by showing you more ways to make your blog smart.
Infiltration on Flickr – Photo Sharing!


text:
Back in 2006, when the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision was revising its initial standards for the amount of reserve capital that banks had to hold against their lending activities, it looked like the changes would be a boon to some banks and corporate clients. Under the so-called Basel II standards, banks would no longer have to hold the same amount of capital for all commercial loans, for example. Less risky loans would require less capital, potentially letting some banks increase leverage and making borrowing cheaper.
Of course, Basel II, which wasn't supposed to be fully adopted in the United States until 2011, never made it to the finish line — the worldwide financial crisis intervened.
Now, the successor of Basel II has almost the reverse purpose of its predecessor. Basel III isn't supposed to make capital standards more flexible for individual institutions and loan types, as Basel II was. Rather, its purpose is to provide banks with greater insulation from risk across the board, especially in the event of another banking crisis. But will Basel III be any more of a success than Basel II?
Under Basel III, standards for capital, leverage, and liquidity are much stricter. By 2015, banks will have to hold more loss-absorbing common equity, equal to 4.5% of their assets, up from the present 2%. Four years after that, banks will have to hold an additional 2.5% of so-called Tier I common equity as a "capital conservation buffer."
In rare circumstances, when credit growth is excessive, the Basel standards also include a "countercyclical buffer" of another 2.5% of common equity. At the same time, the standards will gradually pare down the kinds of capital that count as Tier 1 common equity.
But even if imposed as is in the United States, Basel III may suffer the same fate as Basel II. The Basel III transition period is lengthy — one of the deadlines is as far out as 2022. "We don't know what the world might look like by then," says Cory Gunderson, managing director of the financial-services practice at consulting firm Protiviti. "The financial industry tends to find itself in crisis every 7 to 10 years. The odds of other issues coming up while the [Basel III] effort is being fully transitioned are pretty high."
In addition, some observers question the effectiveness of higher minimum capital requirements. Some banks threatened by the financial crisis had plenty of capital reserves, points out a recent paper by lawyers from Clifford Chance, which was supplied to CFO by regulatory information service Knowledge Mosaic. United Kingdom-based Northern Rock had Tier 1 capital of more than 11% before suffering a bank run and coming under public ownership, for example. Of other large U.K. banks, only Royal Bank of Scotland had Tier 1 capital of less than 8%. (Those ratios aren't directly comparable with Basel III's, since the new standards will remove many previously qualifying forms of capital from Tier 1 calculations.)
The effectiveness of Basel III capital standards may also depend highly on the risk weightings that will be assigned to various types of assets. Some critics call the current weightings, which guide banks in determining how much capital to hold, arbitrary and out of date. A mortgage-backed security (MBS), for example, was previously weighted at 20% — a bank would have to hold just one-fifth the amount of capital for an MBS as it did for a whole loan. Stricter risk weightings are on the agenda, but the time frame and particular weightings that Basel III will set are uncertain. The Basel Committee has said that higher risk weightings would be imposed on trading, derivatives, and securitization activities by the end of 2011.
Fortunately, Basel III doesn't rely solely on capital reserves. The international standards also establish liquidity ratios that will undergo an observation period before they are finalized as standards. They could be key to keeping investment banks from evaporating overnight again. The liquidity coverage ratio would ensure that a bank maintains an adequate level of "high-quality, unencumbered assets" to meet net cash outflows for a 30-day period. The net stable funding ratio would ensure that assets such as investment bank trading inventories, off-balance-sheet exposures, and securitization pipelines are funded with a minimum amount of stable liabilities — Treasuries with maturities of one year or more, for example.
"The financial crisis was at least in part a liquidity crisis," points out Luigi De Ghenghi, a partner at law firm Davis Polk & Wardwell. "From a capital perspective some banks had no risk of failing, but they had liquidity issues as the interbank lending market dried up and it became hard to refinance capital-market indebtedness. A capital cushion is the ultimate fail-safe, but a liquidity ratio would be a means of monitoring how close you're coming to running into real trouble."
United States banks may vigorously contest the liquidity ratio rules, however. That's because the rules will have a big impact, as the Clifford Chance lawyers note: "The overall result for many banks will be to increase by a factor of several times the proportion of their total balance sheet which is required to be held in the form of highly liquid assets. Since highly liquid assets are invariably low-yielding assets, this imposes a significant cost on the relevant bank."
Banks are also worried about the need to raise equity capital as the years go by and the bar on Tier 1 common equity moves higher. While most major U.S. banks met or exceeded Basel III capital requirements as of the second quarter, they may still need to raise equity in the next few years, says Gunderson. "If XYZ bank already has a 4% cushion over the 'well-capitalized' standard, it will probably want to maintain that cushion going forward," he says. "The market expectation will trump regulations."
For some U.S. regional banks, a deadline to exclude public-sector capital injections (à la the Troubled Asset Relief Program) from Tier 1 capital by January 2018 could cause problems. Some regional banks have as much as 25% of their Tier 1 capital in the form of TARP funds, according to a recent report by Matthew H. Burnell, senior analyst at Wells Fargo Securities. "We believe it is unlikely that regulators would permit these institutions to repay TARP in the near-term without raising a sizable amount of replacement capital," wrote Burnell.
Meanwhile, CFOs of nonfinancial companies are concerned over how Basel III will affect their own access to capital. Most think stricter rules on capital, leverage, and liquidity will at the least increase their banking costs, according to a recent survey by CFO.
But while the ultimate effectiveness of Basel III won't be known for years, many experts see it as progress. "Basel II was a menu approach — it allowed countries to select what their standards were, so you had all sorts of international arbitrage even within an organization," says Protiviti's Gunderson. And Basel III has the virtue of simplicity. "I always thought that Basel II was a mistake because it was so complicated and no one really understood it," says Sandy Brown, a partner at Bracewell & Giuliani, who served at the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency in the 1980s. "Basel III is a simpler approach."
That simpler approach could work. Will the third time be the charm for the Basel standards?


text:
Seeing Isn't Believing
Pay attention! It's a universal warning, which implies that keeping close watch helps us perceive the world more accurately. But a new study by Yale University cognitive psychologists Brandon Liverence and Brian Scholl finds that intense focus on objects can have the opposite effect: It distorts perception of where things are in relation to one another. The findings will be published in an upcoming issue of Psychological Science, a journal of the Association for Psychological Science.
"Figuring out where objects are in the world seems like one of the most basic and important jobs the brain does," says Liverence, a graduate student. "It was surprising to discover that even this simple type of perception is warped by our minds." The researchers studied such distortions when people had to focus their attention on some objects, but not others. When they did this, Liverence explains, the "attended objects" were seen as closer together than they really were, while the other objects were seen as farther apart than they really were.
To test this phenomenon, the researchers had people—10 in each of three experiments—complete simple visual tasks. In the one with the most striking results, participants watched four circles as they moved around on a computer monitor while rapidly changing colors. Before the movement began, two of the circles flashed several times; these were the "targets." During the ensuing motion, the participants had to press a key whenever either of those targets turned red or blue. Then, after several seconds of motion, all of the circles disappeared, and the participants clicked with a mouse on the locations they'd last seen the circles.
The subjects located the objects with high accuracy—good news, says Liverence, for people trying to cross the street. But their errors were not random. Instead, the researchers discovered two distortions—one expected, one surprising. As in past research, the reported locations of the circles were all compressed slightly toward the center of the display, as if the mind's representation of the world were slightly shrunk. Beyond this global distortion, though, subjects remembered the two target circles as closer to each other than they actually were (as if they were attracting each other), and reported the other two circles as farther apart than they'd been (as if they were repelling each other).
The findings add to a growing body of cognitive psychology that destabilizes our trust in what we think we know for sure and how we think we can know it more surely. "Attention is the way our minds connect with things in the environment, enabling us to see, remember, and interact with those things," says Liverence. "We tend to think that attention clarifies what's out there. But it also distorts."


text:
Indiana Farmers Livestock Auction Inc
was founded in 1950 and is located @
2081 Old Rt 119 South, near Homer City, PA
It's where buyers and sellers meet!
Livestock Sales are held on Thursday afternoon starting @ 1:30 PM.
We have more buyers, competitive prices, quick payouts, and courteous professional service. The market is bonded to ensure that it is financially solvent. Known to be one of the strongest cattle markets in the area.
Equipment sales are held several times a year in the large parking lot.
A snack bar is located on the second floor, for your convenience.
Plan to spend the day and visit with friends old and new.


text:
Since GK started with APR in August, she has been a fantastic addition to our team. Always willing to go the extra mile for our contractors, GK is the recruiter you want in your corner when a job opportunity opens up.
We asked GK some "Get to Know You" questions and here were her answers:
What's been your favorite part about working for APR so far?
It's a great learning environment while the job itself is challenging and fun.
Where is one place you'd love to travel to?
I would love to visit Europe & Russia
What are some hobbies/things you enjoy to do in your free time?
I enjoy Cooking/ Baking and I am planning to join painting classes
The letters in APR stand for Accountability, Performance, and Results. What are some favorite things in your life that start with letters APR?
A – Appreciation
P- Passion
R- Rewards