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This January, after little more than 6 months of negotiations, the Canadian Government announced the completion of negotiations of the Canada-Peru Free Trade Agreement at the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland. Six months later, on June 7, 2008, Canada announced that negotiations for a controversial Free Trade Agreement (FTA) with Colombia were finalized.
This January, after little more than 6 months of negotiations, the Canadian Government announced the completion of negotiations of the Canada-Peru Free Trade Agreement at the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland.
Six months later, on June 7, 2008, Canada announced that negotiations for a controversial Free Trade Agreement (FTA) with Colombia were finalized.
The negotiations with Colombia were controversial from the get go: the country has the worst human rights record in the hemisphere, and the government of Alvaro Uribe is riddled by ongoing scandals that have revealed proven links between Uribe's allies in Congress and paramilitary death squads.
In a corruption scandal that would most certainly bring down a Canadian Prime Minister, Uribe himself is the subject of a recent Sentence by the Colombian Supreme Court. The justices condemned him for buying the key vote of Congresswoman Yidis Medina in exchange for political favours, a crime necessary for the constitutional changes that opened the door to Uribe's re-election in 2006.
On June 26th, Medina was sentenced to 3 ½ years of house arrest for accepting bribes from the president. The president promptly responded that the justices were doing the bidding of terrorists and (illegally) called for a referendum for the repeat of the 2006 elections.
Compared to the deal with Colombia, which has begun to generate concern among Colombians and Canadians, Canada's agreement with Peru slid in under the radar. It was ratified on May 29th, making it the country's fourth with a Latin American country: first came the Canada-US FTA in 1988, which integrated Mexico with the implementation of NAFTA 1994, then an agreement with Chile signed in 1997, and another with Costa Rica ratified in 2002.
Signed, Sealed and Delivered?
On July 7, 2007, the Conservative government of Stephen Harper announced the beginning of FTA negotiations with Peru and Colombia, having identified the two countries as prime targets for the signing of Free Trade Agreements in accordance with the economic plan Advantage Canada.
Both of the agreements were negotiated rapidly and in behind closed doors. According to Mario Valencia from the Colombian Network in Response to Free Trade (RECALCA), "almost no one here knew that Colombia was negotiating with Canada."
The negotiations "were extraordinarily fast, and unlike the negotiations with the United States, which lasted 16 rounds, they were wrapped up in the fifth round of negotiations, out of the six rounds planned at the outset in July of 2007," according to a press release put out by RECALCA.
So fast, in fact, that the end of Canadian negotiations with Colombia was announced before the Standing Committee on International Trade had finished the report they were preparing to advise the government during negotiations.
"By making this announcement only days before the Standing Committee on International Trade report would have been completed, the government is clearly saying that it does not respect the work of Parliament," stated Liberal International Trade Critic Navdeep Bains. [1]
The report, meant to "guide negotiations," was released more than 2 weeks after they were concluded. It contains eight recommendations, of which the second "recommends that the Government of Canada maintain close ties with Colombia without signing a free trade agreement…" [2]
The Conservatives have not made a statement with respect to the Canada-Colombia Free Trade Agreement since Canadian Minister of Foreign Affairs and International Trade David Emerson announced the finalization of negotiations. In Canada, there is no need for a vote in parliament to ratify the agreement, unlike in the United States, where the Democrat led congress has thus far 'frozen' the ratification of the US-Colombia Free Trade Agreement partly due to concerns about human rights in Colombia.
According to Colombian activist and physician Manuel Rozental, "The Harper Government knows what it is doing and that even Parliament would not approve the process, content and impacts of the agreement, hence the 'rush and hush' strategy."
When asked what message he would like to send to the Conservatives, Rozental responded bluntly: "No deal with a criminal regime."
Canada's Business Sector: Precious Interests
The mining sector, along with the financial and oil and gas sectors, is among the major Canadian business interests in Latin America.
"Mining is the single activity in which Latin America and the Caribbean is the most prominent region for Canadian Outward Foreign Direct Investment," reads a recent report from the UN's Economic Commission for Latin America. [3]
Chile, the world's largest producer of copper, was the first Latin American country to sign a bilateral Free Trade Agreement with Canada.
In a presentation to the International Trade Committee, Trade Minister David Emerson explained that after the Canada-Chile Free Trade Agreement was signed, "Canadian mining companies in particular invested massively in Chile, [and] brought the resource or semi-processed resource product out of Chile into Canada… creating a stronger mining sector and opportunities for value added in the Canadian economy." [4]
In Colombia and Peru, the majority of Canadian investment is in the extractive industries.
Peru is an extreme case. In 2006, the top five exports from Peru to Canada break down as follows: gold made up 57.5%, raw copper accounted for 10.8%, refined copper for 8.7%, zinc for 8.1%, and unleaded gasoline for 6.0%. [5]
A large part of the production of these raw materials exported from Peru to Canada is in the hands of Canadian companies, including Barrick Gold, Yamana Gold, Teck Cominco and Iberian Minerals Corporation.
More than two thirds of the estimated $3 billion invested by Canadian companies in Colombia is in the extractives sector. The Canadian companies with the largest estimated investments in Colombia in 2007 include Nexen Inc and Petrobank Energy and Resources, both based in Calgary, and Toronto's Pacific Rubiales Energy.
The on-going armed conflict in Colombia, combined with a history of small-scale mining activity, has thus far prevented the country from being transformed into a metallic metal producer on par with Peru, but that trend is changing, and fast. South African gold giant Anglo Gold Ashanti and their partners have secured more than 10 million hectares in mineral concessions in Colombia since 2004.
Colombia is already a major producer of coal, and new changes in the Mining Law as well as President Uribe's policy of 'Democratic Security' and guarantees to trans-national companies, are being made to facilitate the start up of large-scale, metallic mining projects in Colombia.
Canadian junior mining companies are present in scores. Of note are B2Gold Corp, Bandera Gold Ltd., Blue Sky Uranium Corp, Colombia Goldfields, Greystar Resources, Latin American Minerals, and Mega Uranium Ltd, all of which are carrying out exploration for gold or uranium.
Mining Industry Pushes for Protection
The push for Free Trade Agreements has been strong from businesses and business lobbies representing the extractive industries. At a presentation on Canadian mining investment on March 6, 2005, Christian Côté from International Trade Canada pointed out to his audience that there exists "pressure from natural resource community for government to improve investment climate for target countries." [6]
Canadian companies stand to benefit from Free Trade Agreements because they remove the possibility that host governments will raise taxes, change their laws, or expropriate properties.
By way of example, the FTA with Peru eliminates the possibility that Peru would enact such a thing as the recent "Mining Mandate" passed in Ecuador by the Constituent Assembly, which suspends all large scale mining activity (exploration) in Ecuador for 180 days while a new Mining Law is written.
According to Foreign Affairs Canada "An investment chapter in the Canada-Peru FTA locks in market access for Canadian investors in Peru and provides greater stability, transparency and protection for their investments." [7]
These elements have little to do with popular conceptions of "Free Trade" as the lowering of tariffs and taxes. In the words of Colombian economist Héctor Mondragon, "these agreements should be known as 'Agreements on the Rights of Trans-national Corporations' instead of as 'Free Trade Agreements.'"
The day that the negotiations of the Free Trade Agreement with Peru concluded, the Mining Association of Canada (MAC) sent out a press release stating "MAC strongly supported the commencement of these negotiations and is very pleased to see them concluded in such a timely manner." [8]
Lobbying by industry in favour of an agreement with Colombia continues. In mid-May, the Canadian Chamber of Commerce sent a letter to Lee Richardson, the Chair of the Standing Committee on International Trade, to "strongly encourage [the] committee to endorse these negotiations and the benefits that they will bring to Canadian companies and to Canadians." Eight companies signed on in support of the letter, including Barrick Gold Inc, Teck Cominco, Nexen Inc. and Talisman Energy. [9]
Where do Canadians Stand?
In Canada, the Harper government and the mainstream media bombard the population with the idea that Free Trade Agreements are about prosperity, economic growth, security, equitability, and democracy. A cursory look at the facts shows us that these agreements negotiated and signed in complete secrecy, actually best represent the wishes of large corporations, and lack even a token amount of democratic participation.
Will Canadians stand by and allow the Harper government to ratify a Free Trade agreement with Colombia, where 24 unionists were killed and four disappeared in the first 4 months of 2008, so that Canadian mining and oil companies can make more money? Or will Canadians stand up in defence of life and speak out against these agreements, negotiated with one of the most repressive regimes in the hemisphere and in their names but without their consent?
Together, perhaps, these are the key questions in determining the moral compass of Canadians as Parliament resumes again in September.
[1]Liberal Party of Canada. (June 9. 2008). Colombian Deal Shows No Respect for Parliament. Retrieved June 28, 2008 from www.liberal.ca/story_14058_e.aspx
[2] Standing Committee on International Trade. (June, 2008). HUMAN RIGHTS, THE ENVIRONMENT AND FREE TRADE WITH COLOMBIA Report of the Standing Committee on International Trade Retrieved June 28, 2008 from http://cmte.parl.gc.ca/cmte/CommitteePublication.aspx?SourceId=245001
[3] Economic Commission for Latin America (May, 2008). Foreign Investment in Latin America and the Caribbean 2007, Chapter IV- Canadian FDI in Latin America and the Caribbean. Retrieved June 29, 2008 from this link.
[4] Standing Committee on International Trade. (December 4, 2007). EVIDENCE
Tuesday, December 4, 2007. Retrieved June 29, 2008 from http://tinyurl.com/5dqe42
[5] Ministerio de Comercio Exterior y Turismo. (May, 2007). Reporte de Comercio Bilateral: Perú-Canada. Retrieved June 29, 2008 from http://www.mincetur.gob.pe/newweb/Portals/0/comercio/tlc_canada/estudios.html
[6] Côté, Christian. (March 9. 2005.) Canadian Mining Investment in Russia and Central Asia. Retrieved June 29, 2008 from http://www.nrcan.gc.ca/mms/invest/2005/rus/pdf/cote.pdf
[7] Foreign Affairs Canada. (May, 2008). Fact Sheet: Investment. Retrieved June 29, 2008 from this link
[8] Mining Association of Canada. (January 26, 2008). MAC Applauds Canada-Peru Free Trade Agreement. Retrieved June 29, 2008 from http://www.mining.ca/www/media_lib/Press_Release/2008/01_29_08.pdf
[9] Beatty, Pearrin. (May 16, 2008). Re: Study of Status of the Free Trade Agreements and ongoing Negotiation between Canada and Colombia. Canadian Chamber of Commerce. Retrieved June 29, 2008 from http://www.chamber.ca/cmslib/general/RichardsonColombiaFTAsupportletter.pdf
Dawn Paley is a journalist based in Vancouver, BC. She is currently in Colombia.


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Terry Crews is suing the agent he claims groped him at a Hollywood party ... TMZ has learned.
Crews is suing agent Adam Venit for allegedly grabbing his junk at an event last year.
The actor has already filed a police report claiming sexual assault and our law enforcement sources say that the investigation is ongoing.
In the lawsuit, Crews says Venit stared at him "like a rabid dog, sticking his tongue in and out of his mouth provocatively." Crews said after the alleged assault he pushed Venit away, and turned to Adam Sandler yelling, "Adam, come get your boy! He's grabbing my nuts."
Crews says on his way home from the event Adam Sandler called and asked if he was ok, and Crews responded that he was surprised he got molested at age 48. He says Sandler expressed shock at Venit's behavior.
He says the next day he called his agent at William Morris Endeavor -- the same agency where Venit works -- telling him of the alleged assault. A few hours later, Crews says Venit called him and apologized, claiming he was just not himself that night.
Crews says he met with WME's chairman Ari Emanuel, who apologized for Venit's behavior. Crews says he told Emanuel he feared retaliation, but Emanuel said Venit "did not have that level of power despite his title as head of the Motion Picture Department."
Crews says he's suffered psychologically and says he has never felt more emasculated and objectified. He says he worries about Venit's power in the industry and hurting his career.

subset: commoncrawl


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This week in the Election Countdown, eight people scaled 80-feet into trees to block Kthe southern leg of the Keystone XL pipeline; A virus transmitted by biting flies has killed at least 4,217 deer in Michigan's Lower Peninsula; Governor Scott Walker has changed course on plans to remove fire-safety requirements from the state electrical code; and more.
"Of course it's a set up." –Vladimir Putin
Montreal. Charbonneau Commission: "Does the link between New York and Montreal mob families still exist, #ceic lawyer asks Pistone. Yes, he says, to the best of his knowledge." Not just bagels, I guess.
AL. Trope watch: " What those in positions of power fail to realize is we are all in the boat together. If one end of the boat is clean and bright and the other end of the boat is dirty and full of holes, guess what…the whole damn boat is going to sink." … Tactics: "None of us have the money of Karl Rove or the Kochs — but we have something else. Brains. Creativity. The ability to find issues that the 'big boys' and the pundits overlook. And the ability to work in 'small spaces' – sometimes the action turns into a news story and gives us publicity that we couldn't buy.
CA. Voting: "On September 24, CA Gov Jerry Brown signed AB 1436, to let voters register at the polls on election day. The bill won't take effect until either 2014 or 2015."
CO. Fracking: "The fact is that the solar industry, the wind industry and all other construction-related industries are regulated by municipalities and local governments. Yet we don't have 'chaos.' The industries deal with it. I would like to know why the oil and gas industry seems to be exempt from everything that other industries are not exempt from. If we can regulate construction activities locally, then we can regulate the oil and gas industry locally as well."
FL. The economy: "The latest statewide poll by The Miami Herald and its media partners shows a virtual tie in the presidential race in Florida. And it came as a shock to liberals and Democrats. In short, it's the economy, stupid. Plus a little immigration, foreign policy and healthcare." But The Obama is thoughtful also tax returns and what about Ann Romney's horse? … Grayson: "Grayson seemed hesitant to give any specific examples on just how much a taxpayer should be required to pay each year to the government in taxes. 'I can't give you a number because it's a concept, not a number. The answer is that it should be high enough to balance the budget when the economy is healthy.'" Some MMTer should camp out in front of Grayson's office. … Burkean conservatives: "When Justin Lamar Sternad met Ana Sol Alliegro, he didn't know the political consultant would help lead his campaign into the FBI's crosshairs or that she had prior legal run-ins — including the time she shot at her ex-husband while naked. Authorities believe Rivera and Alliegro, both Rs, helped the D Sternad undermine a political rival in his recent congressional primary race." … Burkean conservatives: "State Rep. Mike Horner of Kissimmee, a leading Osceola County R and a rising star in state GOP circles, abruptly ended his re-election campaign Monday after he was named as a client in a prostitution and racketeering case." Not that there's anything wrong with that.
GA. Code for America: "Before Code for America, Macon Transit's maps didn't show stop times and didn't even show all of the bus stops. A new online map for the agency shows expected arrival times and every bus route, including a bus to Robins Air Force Base."
IN. Charters: "But the plan well on its way would transfer authority over [Indianapolis Public School System] from an elected school board to a board appointed by the mayor and city-county council. Under Indy's UniGov system of government, such a plan would give voters in Pike, Warren, Washington and other Marion County school districts a voice in IPS operations, further diluting the political strength of poor and minority residents within the IPS boundaries." That's not a bug. It's a feature. … Corruption: "IN's top child-protection official resigned Monday amid questions of whether he violated his agency's code of conduct through his involvement in a child neglect case involving his grandchildren."
MA. Elizabeth Warren: "[Warren's] going to have to explain, patiently, that [Brown] is ambition, shot straight through, and that there's a straight line from the campaign he's running to the Jesus-on-a-dinosaur campaigns elsewhere in the country" (Charles Pierce). If Warren says "Jesus-on-a-dinosaur" on the teebee I'll be a lot nicer to her. … Elizabeth Warren: "'If there's something a physician can prescribe that can help someone who is suffering, I am in favor,' Warren said when asked about the medical marijuana ballot question, adding that there have to be the 'right restrictions.'" Baby steps. Somebody should ask Warren why Obama throws people who want to reduce suffering — legally, under state law — in jail, and whether she's OK with it.
MI. Climate: "A virus transmitted by biting flies has killed at least 4,217 deer in MI's Lower Peninsula, according to the state Department of Natural Resources."
MO. Akin: "The Senate Conservatives Fund, which has raised more than $11 million for other Republican Senate candidates, could provide a much-needed financial boost for Akin, who is facing a Tuesday deadline on whether to stay in the race. Akin vowed again Monday to remain in the contest."
MT. Privatization: "Last spring MT contracted with a private company, Spectrum, to take a division of their Health and Human Resource Department, the Home and Community Service division funded by Medicaid. Some of the Area Agencies are being negatively impacted by this change. Supposedly part of Flathead County is being served by this company."
OH. Voting: "The [VoteVets] brief also alleges that the Republicans' new restrictions could also arbitrarily deprive many active members of the armed forces of their right to cast an early in-person absentee ballot as well. This can occur, says the group, because Husted left the decision whether 'to open those three days for in-person voting by [active military] voters…[to] the discretion of the individual county boards of elections.'" But this is precisely the "arbitrary and disparate treatment to voters in its different counties" on which Bush v. Gore was (putatively) decided. Are they trying to throw the election into the courts? … The Obama: "Polly Germer, a Kent resident volunteering with the Obama campaign, said she was glad the president was visiting a city where the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, or stimulus package, made a difference. 'We're going to be excited to show him where his dollars are,' Germer said." Ms. Germer? They're your dollars. The people are sovereign.
SC. Corruption: "SC House Speaker Bobby Harrell has reimbursed himself more than $325,000 from his campaign war chest since 2008 but has produced no receipts or itemized invoices accounting for the spending as required by state law."
TX. Police state: "A police officer shot and killed a one-armed, one-legged man in a wheelchair Saturday inside a group home after police say the double amputee threatened the officer and aggressively waved a metal object that turned out to be a pen." Houston PD Public Affairs Department: 713 308-3200. … Pipeline: "This morning eight people climbed 80 feet into trees in the path of Keystone XL construction, and pledged not to come down until the pipeline is stopped for good. The blockade is carefully organized to ensure that everyone sitting in the trees can remain safe as long as TransCanada does not attempt to continue clear-cutting the trees. [The tree-sitters] have the safety equipment and food supplies to last indefinitely."
VA. UVA: "[New BoV member Bobbie] Kilberg also told [reinstated President Kathleen] Sullivan she should stop answering questions about what happened. She said the board had agreed at its retreat in August not to talk to the press." Lot of angst here for a process UVA told its accrediting body did not involve "outside forces exercis[ing]undue influence on the board."
WA. Subsidies: "After a round robin of councilmanic backslapping, the Seattle City Council today formally approved a revised Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) to build a new NBA arena in the Sodo neighborhood. After months of skepticism and hedging the authorizing legislation passed by 6-2 vote." … Police state: "I feel there could have been other methods. They could have tased him. He was an older man and he was a sick man. It's just wrong how they went in and did that to him." People keep calling 911 and getting shot.
WI. Code enforcement: "Gov. Scott Walker has changed course on plans to remove fire-safety requirements from the state electrical code. Walker is now directing state officials to leave in place rules designed to detect fire-causing conditions and stop electric shocks, and to keep children from sticking foreign objects into electrical outlets."
Outside baseball. Big data: "Knowledge is not a set of theories, but instead just data, and lots of data, and the machine is a better place to store them than the human mind." … Burkean conservatives: "[T]oday's conservative is in fact conservative. She hasn't betrayed the traditions of Burke, Disraeli, Hayek, Oakeshott, Buckley, and Reagan: she has fulfilled them. Burke called for total war, of Sein oder Nichtstein, against not a country or a people but 'an armed doctrine.' That doctrine had to be exterminated, for 'if it can at all exist, it must finally prevail.'" And Obama is, of course, a conservative. … Media critique: "So the next time you read comments by 'a White House aide' or a 'campaign strategist,' feel free to mentally rewrite the sentence so that it reads: 'An aide said today, in comments that he was allowed to edit and revise in advance of publication, after demanding that the reporter e-mail him the original quotes…'" (Dick Polman) … Pearl clutching: Michael Gerson on Romney's 47% gaffe: "Politics is reduced to class warfare on behalf of the upper class." Well, at least Romney's honest about it, eh? … Mass incarceration: "Then the [Corrections Corporation of America] dangled $250 million in front of officials in other states agonizing over how to squeeze dollars from dirt in a down economy. In return for sacks of cash, the company wants 20- to 30-year contracts for housing criminals. And the already controversial full privatization also requires states to grind out convictions and sentences for two or three decades at today's pace and severity, maintaining a guaranteed 90 percent occupancy rate–calibrating the wheels of justice to fit a profit-margin spreadsheet." Slavery, in other words. … Christianism: "'The Earth is not 6,000 or 10,000 years old,' [Bill Nye the Science Guy] said. 'It's not. And if that conflicts with your beliefs, I strongly feel you should question your beliefs.'" …. Legacy parties: "A party is a coalition. Just as finding the 'real Romney' is a fool's errand, so is insisting that the personality at the top of the ticket be the most importand thing you care about. You have a choice in November between two broad coalitions. One is left-leaning and will pay some attention to progressives but will also bring in moderates of various stripes. The other is right-leaning and will be responsive to the Tea Party and to moderate Rs."
Grand Bargain™-Brand Cat Food Watch. Bafflegab: "[AXELROVE:] [T]he approach has to be a balanced one. We've had discussions in the past. And the question is, can you raise the cap some? And do you adjust the growth of [cut] the program? That's a discussion worth having [indeed]. But again, we have to approach it in a balanced [for whom?] way. We're not going to cut our way to prosperity. We're not going to cut our way to more secure entitlement programs — Social Security and Medicare. We have to have a balance." Balance of what?
Robama vs. Obomney watch. Exceptionalism: " Never have American voters re-elected a president whose work they disapprove of as much as Obama's. Not that Mitt Romney can take much comfort — they've never elected a challenger they view so negatively, either." Can't they both lose?
The trail. Polls: "Based on the way that our forecast model calculates it, a candidate ahead by two percentage points at this stage would be about a two-to-one favorite to win. But a candidate ahead by six points would have around a 90 percent chance of victory" (Nate Silver). … Yawner: "This race has begun to resemble an over-sized and over-written novel that you're stuck in the middle of. You're bored with the characters and the plot, but you're stubbornly determined to see it through because of all the time you've already invested. But boy is it a long, hard slog." … Yawner: "The two campaigns insist that voters are about to make a momentous decision between sharply divergent visions for American life. But the candidates have largely failed to provide specifics about those visions, leaving voters to guess about the consequences of their choice" (Pravda). Tee up the debates!
Green Party. Jill Stein: "There's not much fear in Jill Stein. I have mixed views on her positions: Replacing unemployment compensation with work seems right to me — we still use the buildings the WPA built. What will future generations have to show for today's extended unemployment checks? And I'm happy to repeal the Patriot Act, since I was against it to begin with." (interview with Glenn Reynolds, of all people).
The Romney. Airplane windows: "If it were my spouse who had had an emergency landing on a charter my campaign was using (and presumably would use for the next six weeks), I'd want [k]now if the subcontractors my contracted service was using were fulfilling my needs. But not Mitt." (emptywheel). … Airplane windows: "[Romney] is (I have heard) not a happy or comfortable flyer, and one who can always imagine things going wrong. [H]e has no choice but to fly, white-knuckled, from one stop to the next. Someone with this outlook would naturally be all the more rattled by an emergency landing. So cut him all the more slack." (James Fallows, explainer). … Foreign Policy: "Obama's foreign policy is vulnerable to all sorts of accurate attacks. But Mitt Romney, the Rs, and the conservative movement are totally unable to exploit them. This is partly because the last four years have been spent advancing critiques so self-evidently implausible to anyone outside the movement that calling attention to them seems impolite."
The Obama. Black vote: "[MICHELLE OBAMA:] And make no mistake about it, this is the march of our time, marching door to door registering people to vote. Marching everyone you know to the polls every single election. See, this is the sit-in of our day." Well, no. No. … I approved this message: "[OBAMA: ] Do we see sometimes us going overboard in our campaign? Are there mistakes that are made, are there areas where there's no doubt that somebody could dispute how we are presenting things? You know, that happens in politics" [shrug, shrug, shrug].
* Slogan of the day: Closely follow great leader The Obama and forge ahead courageously amid great storms and waves!


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Researcher's Manual - Extramural Funding
Finding funding is the process of matching up a researcher's idea with the kind of things a sponsor wants to pay for. Most sponsors solicit applications on specific programmatic areas based on their mission, priorities, and budget. These solicitations go by many names, mostly variations on the same theme, such as Request for Applications, Request for Proposals, Program Announcement, Broad Agency Announcement, Program Solicitation, or Program Description.
Outside of CUNY, there are three major types of organizations that fund sponsored programs: government agencies, not-for-profit organizations, and for profit companies. Most for profit companies will try to purchase results or intellectual property for their own purposes and their grants programs are usually small or focused in the pharmaceutical industry. For the vast majority of researchers who are not interested in clinical trials, government agencies and not-for-profit organizations will be the most lucrative and diverse sources of sponsored program funding.
For federal grants, the government established a database of funding opportunities online called grants.gov in 2002. All domestic federal agencies are required to publish their solicitations for applications in this database. Located online at www.grants.gov, this database is free to the public and may be searched in a variety of ways to locate solicitations that are suitable for your academic field and purpose.
The type of not-for-profit organization most likely to provide sponsored program funding is a private foundation. Foundations are usually created as ways for people to give away money for tax benefit. As such, the foundations usually have a mission statement and restrictions on the kinds of support that they will give. One way to understand the ramifications of these origins is to imagine what restrictions and preferences you might put in place if you had $200 million dollars to give away very quickly. Because foundations are usually limited in resources and generous in philanthropy, a separate non-profit foundation called the Foundation Center was formed to help network and find each other.
The Foundation Center not only serves this purpose for foundations that buy a membership for themselves, but also sells memberships to institutions such as Lehman College to allow us to search their database. The Foundation Directory Online is a database of not-for-profit foundations that allows researchers to search for foundations whose missions are relevant to their research ideas. To learn how to log into the database, contact the Office of Research and Sponsored Programs.
Finally, the model of a subscription database has become popular since the formation of the Foundation Directory Online, and has been applied to many areas. Pivot-RP is such a database and it offers a very useful mix of public, private, and non-profit sources. The Research Foundation of CUNY has purchased a subscription to this database—a link to it is available on Research Foundation site. Lehman faculty may also access Pivot without a subscription, but the database allows more search options, such as saving your searches, and update e-mails, if you register with your Lehman email.
- Return to the Researcher's Manual
- Part 1 of the Researcher's Manual is available here as a PDF.


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As phones and other consumer devices have gained feature after feature, they have also declined in how easily they can be repaired, with Apple at the head of this ignoble pack. The FTC has taken note, admitting that the agency has been lax on this front but that going forward it will prioritize what could be illegal restrictions by companies as to how consumers can repair, repurpose and reuse their own property.
Devices are often built today with no concessions made toward easy repair or refurbishment, or even once-routine upgrades like adding RAM or swapping out an ailing battery. While companies like Apple do often support hardware for a long time in some respects, the trade-off seems to be that if you crack your screen, the maker is your only real option to fix it.
That's a problem for many reasons, as right-to-repair activist and iFixit founder Kyle Wiens has argued indefatigably for years (the company posted proudly about the statement on its blog). The FTC sought comment on this topic back in 2019, issued a report on the state of things a few months ago, and now (perhaps emboldened by new chair Lina Khan's green light to all things fearful to Big Tech companies) has issued a policy statement.
The gist of the unanimously approved statement is that they found that the practice of deliberately restricting repairs may have serious repercussions, especially among people who don't have the cash to pay the Apple tax for what ought to be (and once was) a simple repair.
The Commission's report on repair restrictions explores and discusses a number of these issues and describes the hardships repair restrictions create for families and businesses. The Commission is concerned that this burden is borne more heavily by underserved communities, including communities of color and lower-income Americans. The pandemic exacerbated these effects as consumers relied more heavily on technology than ever before.
While unlawful repair restrictions have generally not been an enforcement priority for the Commission for a number of years, the Commission has determined that it will devote more enforcement resources to combat these practices. Accordingly, the Commission will now prioritize investigations into unlawful repair restrictions under relevant statutes…
The statement then makes four basic points. First, it reiterates the need for consumers and other public organizations to report and characterize what they perceive as unfair or problematic repair restrictions. The FTC doesn't go out and spontaneously investigate companies, it generally needs a complaint to set the wheels in motion, such as people alleging that Facebook is misusing their data.
Second is a surprising antitrust tie-in, where the FTC says it will look at said restrictions aiming to answer whether monopolistic practices like tying and exclusionary design are in play. This could be something like refusing to allow upgrades, then charging an order of magnitude higher than market price for something like a few extra gigs of storage or RAM, or designing products in such a way that it moots competition. Or perhaps arbitrary warranty violations for doing things like removing screws or taking the device to a third party for repairs. (Of course, these would depend on establishing monopoly status or market power for the company, something the FTC has had trouble doing.)
More in line with the FTC's usual commercial regulations, it will assess whether the restrictions are "unfair acts or practices," which is a much broader and easier to meet requirement. You don't need a monopoly to make claims of an "open standard" to be misleading, or for a hidden setting to slow the operations of third-party apps or peripherals, for instance.
And lastly the agency mentions that it will be working with states in its push to establish new regulations and laws. This is perhaps a reference to the pioneering "right to repair" bills like the one passed by Massachusetts last year. Successes and failures along those lines will be taken into account and the feds and state policymakers will be comparing notes.
This isn't the first movement in this direction by a long shot, but it is one of the plainest. Tech companies have seen the writing on the wall, and done things like expand independent repair programs — but it's arguable that these actions were taken in anticipation of the FTC's expected shift toward establishing hard lines on the topic.
The FTC isn't showing its full hand here, but it's certainly hinting that it's ready to play if the companies involved want to push their luck. We'll probably know more soon once it starts ingesting consumer complaints and builds a picture of the repair landscape.


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Rafa means records
Rafael Nadal is back on top of his mental and physical game after completing a fortnight of history-making with the Spanish king of clay adding another line for the record books on Sunday.
The world number two became the first man to win two separate events seven times, as he defeated battling compatriot David Ferrer 7-6 (7/1), 7-5 to win a seventh trophy at the Barcelona Open.
That success came seven days after he thrashed world number one Novak Djokovic for an eighth consecutive title at the Monte Carlo Masters.
At the start of the month, Nadal would not have liked his victory chances after being forced to quit before his Miami semifinal with Andy Murray due to left knee pain.
But a week or so of therapy, married to his iron will, has put the 25-year-old on course for what would be an unprecedented seventh French Open title.
His Barcelona triumph marked his seventh title in eight editions, with his only loss prior to 34 straight victories coming in 2003 to current Davis Cup captain Alex Corretja.
"I've won two extremely difficult events -- Monte Carlo and Barcelona without losing a set," said Nadal. "No one deserves more than David to win here, but I had the luck on the day.
"When you play your best, as I always say, it's because the opponent makes you do so; that's what David did. I was able to play some of my best tennis in the first set.
"You have to really enjoy the victories as you never know when you will have another one. I'm very happy to win but I'm only looking ahead to Madrid."
Nadal takes a well-deserved week off before heading to the Spanish capital for the Madrid Masters staring next Sunday.
His Barcelona victory came a decade to the day since he made his winning ATP debut on his home island of Mallorca.
Now he owns 34 claycourt titles and has lost only four finals on the surface. He now has 48 career trophies overall.
"I don't know when I'll go to Madrid. But since it is played at altitude, you have to prepare for that. It's totally different from Monte Carlo, Rome and Paris," he added.
Spaniards have dominated Barcelona, with Nadal beating Ferrer four times for the title and it was the 10th consecutive year that a pair of countrymen had met for the trophy at the Real Club de Tenis.
Ferrer was disappointed but realistic about the epic contest.
"Rafa is Rafa and he is very good. I've lost four times to him in this final, but I've always lost to one of the greats. He is a very good player and even better as a person," he said.
"This loss is not a huge drama, it's still been a good week for me. But beating Rafa is always difficult, I wasn't able to win the key points today. Other than that, I don't know what else to do. The more I play him, the tougher it gets."


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Physcial Sciences Division
Staff Awards & Honors
March 2008
Hot Paper Expands Understanding of Dilute Magnetic Oxides
Congratulations to Pacific Northwest National Laboratory's Scott Chambers, Allan Tuan and their co-authors at Argonne National Laboratory and the University of Washington on having their spintronics paper selected as a "hot" paper by ISI's Essential Science Indicators (ESI). A hot paper is a journal article in a specific field that has garnered a rapid and substantial number of citations since its publication. The article, "Direct kinetic correlation of carriers and ferromagnetism in Co2+:ZnO," in Physical Review Letters, has received 29 citations in about 20 months, an impressive record.
"In this paper," said PNNL Laboratory Fellow Chambers, "we have gained considerable insight and set the stage for what we are going to try next."
In the article, the team demonstrated for the first time that the magnetism in cobalt-doped zinc oxide, where some of the nonmagnetic zinc atoms are replaced with magnetic cobalt, is directly tied to the presence of additional electrons that convert the material from an insulator to a semiconductor. This research sheds light on a new class of materials that could allow device physicists to harness the electron's spin to process signals and data. Such a development could change the way computing is done.
In the next decade, the transistors that power computer chips will become so small and tightly packed that they will not function efficiently. "Without spintronics or another revolutionary approach, the computer industry will soon hit a hard, brick wall," said Chambers.
The U.S. Department of Energy Basic Energy Sciences funded the research at PNNL and Argonne National Laboratory. The National Science Foundation, Research Corporation, the Dreyfus Foundation, and the Sloan Foundation funded work at the University of Washington.
Citation: Kittilstved KR, DA Schwartz, AC Tuan, SM Heald, SA Chambers, and DR Gamelin. 2006. "Direct kinetic correlation of carriers and ferromagnetism in Co2+:ZnO." Physical Review Letters, 97:037203.


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"Bills aimed at blocking the release of videos taken by activist groups of conditions in confined animal feeding operations are being considered by state legislatures in Iowa, Minnesota and Florida.
Derided as 'ag gag' measures by activists, the bills are being promoted by agribusiness interests that maintain such videos contain disturbing images that inaccurately portray farm activities.
'Unfortunately, today we're seeing more and more farmers come under attack by these activist groups that have the single goal of eliminating animal agriculture in its entirety,' said Sarah Hubbart, communications director for the Animal Agriculture Alliance, an industry nonprofit.
At issue are undercover operations by activist groups like the Humane Society of the United States, People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals and Mercy for Animals and documentary filmmakers that produce videos showing cattle being bludgeoned to death, baby chickens being shepherded into grinders and unsanitary conditions.
CAFO opponents, meanwhile, say those undercover videos are critical to making the public and regulators aware of conditions at livestock operations. "What our investigations do is allow us to become the eyes and ears for the public," said Matt Rice, Mercy for Animals' director of operations."
Amanda Peterka reports for Greenwire May 5, 2011.
States Take Up Bills Barring Undercover Videos of CAFOS
Source: Greenwire, 05/06/2011


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Develop the Fundamentals: Strokes & Footwork
By Larry Hodges
At the 2004 USA Nationals, Cheng Yinghua, 46, became the oldest Men's Singles Champion in history, and the four semifinalists averaged over 40 years old. This was unique in a sport that is usually dominated by younger, faster players.
When asked what the younger players needed to do to compete with these veterans, four-time U.S. Men's champ and full-time coach Cheng said, "The younger players had not put enough training time and effort into the fundamentals.
At the 2004 USA Nationals, Cheng Yinghua, 46, became the oldest Men's Singles Champion in history, and the four semifinalists averaged over 40 years old. This was unique in a sport that is usually dominated by younger, faster players.
When asked what the younger players needed to do to compete with these veterans, four-time U.S. Men's champ and full-time coach Cheng said, "The younger players had not put enough training time and effort into the fundamentals.
Fundamentals, fundamentals, fundamentals.
Some find them boring, but they are probably the three most important things in being a Champion. No one becomes a champion in this sport without a solid foundation in the fundamentals.
Many find it the "boring" part of training, since fundamentals are mostly developed through repetition, but they are absolutely necessary.
Fundamentals, fundamentals, fundamentals.
They don't need to be boring. At the beginning level, where repetition isn't easy, it should be a challenge just to do the repeating strokes. As players advance, they should work in more and more advanced drills, which leads both to more advanced play and more interesting practice.
What are the Fundamentals?
The fundamentals include both proper stroking and footwork technique. Tactics, mental and physical conditioning, even great serve and receive don't help a lot if you don't have the fundamentals down.
At its most basic level, table tennis involves moving into position, and then stroking the ball. Along the way, you have to choose which stroke to use, read the incoming ball and adjust the stroke and racket angle to it. But if you can't move and stroke properly, nothing will help you.
The actual specifics of how to move and stroke are outside the scope of this article. For these, you really need a coach, although videos and books can also help. (Yes, it would take an entire book to cover the fundamentals.) You can find coaches at www.usatt.org/coaching. You can find books and videos from most major table tennis dealers.
The purpose of fundamentals is to develop consistency in your shots. To be consistent, you need to both be in position for each shot, and use the same repeating strokes over and over. That's what fundamentals are all about.
Footwork Fundamentals
To be a Champion, you have to develop proper footwork to that you are able to catch every ball in your forehand or backhand hitting zones.
Some players just stand at the table, and reach for the ball. If the ball just happens to be in the perhaps one-foot area that's convenient for their strokes, they hit a good shot. If it's outside that area, they have to adjust their shot – and so lose consistency. A good player will rarely hit a ball that you don't have to move to.
Stroking Fundamentals
To be a Champion, you have to develop repeating strokes, strokes that you can do over and over and over and (my god!) over and over and over. At the advanced level, this means many strokes, including forehand and backhand drives, loops, blocks, pushes, flips, and perhaps even lobbing and chopping. It's hard enough learning all these shots against all the different incoming balls (different spins, speeds, depth, direction, height, etc.). Now imagine having to do so while changing your stroke each time! Instead, develop a simple repeating stroke, and then all you have to do is essentially adjust the racket angle and perhaps the trajectory of the stroke.
Beginning Fundamentals
Many coaches swear by the "100" theory – you don't work on much of anything else until you can do 100 forehand and 100 backhand drives with a proper stroke. To a beginner, this is a real challenge, and should be an exciting challenge. The same is true of each of the other strokes – they are a challenge at the beginning level, and striving to do a certain number in a row is a challenge. As the stroke is learned, the fundamental footwork should be learned with footwork drills, so moving to each ball and stroking it properly becomes … fundamental.
For each new drill involving a new stroke or some combination of stroking and footwork, beginners can see how many they can do in a row. It's an exciting challenge, and sometimes they forget along the way that they are getting better and better!
Intermediate & Advanced Fundamentals
At the intermediate level, the player can do all the strokes consistently with proper repeating strokes. At this point, it's time to get the fundamentals into game-like situations. This means doing drills that include more and more variation, and more and more random drills. Random drills are where the player doesn't always know where the ball is going. If the fundamentals are mastered, a player can do this, at least at a slower pace. As the player advances, the speed of the drill can speed up. All players have a maximum speed at which they can still maintain the fundamentals; if you go beyond that speed, their fundamentals break down. By drilling, drilling, and more drilling, a player can increase the speed at which they can execute the fundamentals.
Putting it Together
Table tennis has been called chess at hyper speed. Imagine playing chess where you were missing a rook or queen. That's what playing with poor fundamentals is. Proper fundamentals mean knowing you can execute the shots you call for in any given situation.
The Chinese tend to dominate table tennis worldwide. Most coaches would say that ultimately, the biggest advantage they have over their opponents is stronger fundamentals. It may be fun to play games, and they are important to improving, but the best players spend the majority of their training on … you guessed it, fundamentals. They may do it at a pace that doesn't seem very fundamental, but that's because of years and years of developing these fundamentals until they can do them at that pace. Why are they still working on them? So they can do them consistently at an even faster pace against anything an opponent can throw at them.
If you want to be a Champion, you'll do the same.


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The Dahlia Bakery Cookbook by Tom Douglas and Shelley Lance
I haven't had the pleasure of visiting Dahlia Bakery in Seattle, Washington, and by the looks of their recently released cookbook, it sounds like I'm missing out. Doughnuts with Cinnamon Sugar, Mascarpone, and Jam? Chocolate Truffle Cookies with Crackly Crust? Hello! You're totally speaking my language. Until I can sample these treats from the source, I'll have to content myself with the recipes.
Quick Facts
• Who wrote it: Tom Douglas and Shelley Lance
• Who published it: William Morrow, An Imprint of Harper Collins
• Number of recipes: 125
• Recipes for right now: English Muffins, Doughnuts with Cinnamon Sugar, Mascarpone, and Jam, Cornbread Bacon Muffins, Cherry Almond Scones, Serious Biscuits, Strata with Wild Mushrooms, Sausage, and Chard, Chocolate Truffle Cookies with Crackly Crust, Crimson Rhubarb Crostatas, Maple Syrup Ice Cream,
• Other highlights: The treats and baked goods from Dahlia Bakery are the kind that you'll immediately recognize and crave, but each one has a special something that makes it feel unique and original. Like a touch of barley malt in the buttermilk biscuits, or the pecan crust on the silk chocolate pie. For me, this is what puts the recipes in this book from "looks good" to "ohmygoodness, I need to make right this now."
I also like the mix of both sweet and savory recipes in this collection — that's refreshing from a bakery book! Lots of side-bars explain things like how to peel peaches and how to store leftover buttercream. Complicated techniques are also shown in step-by-step thumbnail images.
• Who would enjoy this book? Fans of the bakery, homebakers who like the classics with a touch of whimsy
Find the book at your local library, independent bookstore, or Amazon: The Dahlia Bakery Cookbook: Sweetness in Seattle by Tom Douglas and Shelley Lance
• Visit the author's website: Tom Douglas and Shelley Lance
Apartment Therapy Media makes every effort to test and review products fairly and transparently. The views expressed in this review are the personal views of the reviewer and this particular product review was not sponsored or paid for in any way by the manufacturer or an agent working on their behalf. However, the manufacturer did give us the product for testing and review purposes.


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A user-friendly approach to drug delivery device development
Cutting-edge design that puts the patient first is at the heart of a new drug delivery device for multiple sclerosis (MS) sufferers. Product design and development firm Cambridge Consultants has worked with leading pharmaceutical company Novartis and medical device manufacturer Owen Mumford – plus hundreds of MS patients – to come up with the ExtaviPro® 30G auto-injector.
From its attractive visual design and ergonomic shape to its easy-to-read adjustable needle depth control, the ExtaviPro 30G has been designed with the needs of the patient in mind. More than 500 MS patients and healthcare professionals in the US, the UK and mainland Europe were involved in the development process to ensure the device was underpinned by a deep understanding of the users.
An estimated 2.5 million people worldwide have MS – a disease affecting the central nervous system. Symptoms can include vision problems, tingling and tremors, dizziness, balance problems, restricted mobility, fatigue and cognitive issues. The ExtaviPro 30G is aimed at people who suffer from relapsing forms of MS – such as clinically isolated syndrome (CIS), relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) and secondary-progressive MS (SPMS) – who make up the majority of MS patients. They have periods when symptoms flare up aggressively, known as relapses, followed by periods of recovery – or remission. They often have to self-inject prescription medication at home to help reduce the impact and frequency of relapses.
"Our aim was to make the ExtaviPro 30G auto-injector very simple and intuitive to use, and enable one-handed injection," said Andy Pidgeon, head of the industrial design and human factors group at Cambridge Consultants. "Its ergonomic shape leads patients to instinctively hold it correctly – which is vital for those who suffer from tremors, as having a firm grip is key to self-injecting safely.
"Another key factor was the feedback we received during our extensive user research. Patients wanted a soft, non-threatening design, for example – so we've made it very user friendly. And it's led to the creation of a drug delivery device that doesn't look like a badge of infirmity."
As well as the look and feel of the auto-injector, Cambridge Consultants also developed the accompanying instruction leaflets – ensuring they were clear for MS sufferers with cognitive problems – as well as the travel bag for carrying the device and supplies for injections. To ensure the design truly reflected the needs and desires of patients, even the bag went through several rounds of user studies to ensure it best suited individual lifestyles.
The ExtaviPro 30G auto-injector has been launched in Europe – initially in Germany.


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Leaning Buildings
Thursday, 4th February 2010 by Chris Hannigan
We can't always be perfect right? Even some of history's best architects made mistakes when they designed some of the world's most beautiful structures. Maybe the ground was too unstable, or adding another 20 meters to the top wasn't such a great idea, in any case here is a list of five sites that ended up just a little bit different from what the designer imagined...
Asinelli and Garisenda Towers in Bologna, Italy - The Asinelli (the taller tower) has a height of 92 m and overhang of 2.2 m, while the Garisenda (the smaller tower) has a height of 48 m and overhang of 3.2 m. The Asinelli tower was used as a prison back in 14th century and since then has been used in scientific experiments related to Earth's gravitation, and served as a sight post in World War II.
Pagoda at Chongsheng Temple in Yunnan, China - The Three Pagodas were all built between 850-950 AD in the form a symmetric triangle north of the ancient city of Dali. The tallest pagoda reaches a height of 69.1 m, but over 1,000 years of earthquakes below a weak foundation has caused the left pagoda to tilt. Today, the local government has taken great measures to strengthen the base and preserve these structures for years to come.
The Crooked House in West Midlands, England - Originally built as a farmhouse in 1765, subsidence from local mining in the 1800s left one side of this building sitting four feet below the other side! Today the building serves as a restaurant/pub that offers some very intriguing optical illusions like glasses sliding across tables and marbles rolling uphill.
The Leaning Tower of Suurhusen, Germany was, after some debate declared the most tilted tower in the world by the Guinness Book of World Records, with its steeple inclined at a head-tilting angle of 5.19 degrees. The church was built with foundations made from oak tree trunks, and when water was drained from the ground in the 19th century the trees rotted resulting in the Earth sinking underneath the tower.
The Leaning Tower of Pisa, Italy - What list would be complete without the most famous leaning tower of them all, the Leaning Tower of Pisa? Thanks to Google's ultra-high resolution of the area, you can look into the center of the tower from above and even see tourists gathering at the base of the tower. Unfortunately, the Street View car never really gets close enough to see the tower itself, but we have a great view of the perimeter wall that surrounds the Piazza dei Miracoli.
For a list of leaning towers around the world, check out this Wikipedia article.


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SAN FRANCISCO (AP) — The Trump administration has agreed to postpone implementing a rule allowing medical workers to decline performing abortions or other treatments on moral or religious grounds while the so-called "conscience" rule is challenged in a California court.
The rule was supposed to take effect on July 22 but the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and its opponents in a California lawsuit mutually agreed Friday to delay a final ruling on the matter until Nov. 22.
The agency called it the "most efficient way to adjudicate" the rule.
A federal judge in San Francisco permitted the change on Saturday.
A California lawsuit alleges that the department exceeded its authority with the rule, which President Trump announced in May.
The measure known as Protecting Statutory Conscience Rights in Health Care; Delegations of Authority would require institutions that receive money from federal programs to certify that they comply with some 25 federal laws protecting conscience and religious rights.
Most laws pertain to medical procedures such as abortion, sterilization and assisted suicide.
The department has previously said that past administrations haven't done enough to protect such rights in the medical field.
The rule is a priority for religious conservatives, but critics fear it will become a pretext for denying medical attention to LGBT people or women seeking abortions, a legal medical procedure.
"The Trump administration is trying to systematically limit access to critical medical care for women, the LGBTQ community, and other vulnerable patients," San Francisco City Attorney Dennis Herrera said in a statement announcing Friday's decision. "Hospitals are no place to put personal beliefs above patient care."
San Francisco would have faced losing about $1 billion in federal funding for health care-related programs if the rule took effect, according to the statement from his office.


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Monday, October 20, 2008
Nashville, Tennessee, USA
co-located with OOPSLA 2008
participation is free for all OOPSLA participants
registration for at least one conference day at OOPSLA is required
URL: http:www.lisp50.org
Feed: http://lisp50.blogspot.com
Invited Speakers
- William Clinger, Northeastern University, USA
- Pascal Costanza, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium
- Richard Gabriel, IBM Research, USA
- Rich Hickey, Independent Consultant, USA
- Alan Kay, Viewpoints Research Institute, USA
- Fritz Kunze, USA
- Ora Lassila, Nokia Research Center, USA
- John McCarthy, USA
- Kent Pitman, PTC, USA
- Guy Steele, Sun Microsystems Laboratories, USA
- Herbert Stoyan, University of Erlangen, Germany
- Warren Teitelman, Google Inc., USA
- JonL White, USA
Titles, abstracts, biographies and schedule will be announced at the
Lisp50 webpage and blog in the coming days and weeks.
In October 1958, John McCarthy published one in a series of reports about his then ongoing effort for designing a new programming language that would be especially suited for achieving artificial intelligence. That report was the first one to use the name LISP for this new programming language. 50 years later, Lisp is still in use. This year we are celebrating Lisp's 50th birthday. OOPSLA 2008 is an excellent venue for such a celebration, because object-oriented programming benefited heavily from Lisp ideas and because OOPSLA 2008 takes place in October, exactly 50 years after the name Lisp has been used publicly for the first time. We will have talks by John McCarthy himself, and numerous other influential Lispers from the past five decades. We will also take a look at the next 50 years of Lisp.
- Pascal Costanza, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium
- Richard Gabriel, IBM Research, Hawthorne, NY, USA
- Robert Hirschfeld, Hasso-Plattner-Institut, Potsdam, Germany
- Guy Steele, Sun Microsystems Laboratories, Burlington, MA, USA
Sponsored by ACM SIGPLAN
Supported by


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What if we told you we had a computer you can take with you? What if it only weighed 28 pounds? This is a pretty hard sell when today you can get a 1.5 GHz quad-core processor packing computer to carry in your pocket which weighs less than 5 ounces. But back in the day the Donner 3500 was something to raise an eyebrow at, especially for tinkerers like us.
The machine was unveiled in 1959 as an analog computer. Instead of accepting programs via a terminal, or punch cards, it worked more like a breadboard. The top of the case features a grid of connectors (they look like banana plugs to us but we're not sure). The kit came with components which the user could plug into the top to make the machine function (or compute) in different ways.
We're skeptical as to how portable this actually was. It used vacuum tubes which are not fans of being jostled. Still, coming during the days when most computers were taking up entire buildings we guess the marketing claim holds up. If you'd like to see a bit more about the machine's internals check out this forum post.


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Bitcoin ATM Miami - Coinhub
Coinhub Bitcoin ATM in Miami, Florida
Our Coinhub Bitcoin ATM Near Me in Miami, Florida is available for purchasing bitcoin with cash instantly. Coinhub offers $25,000 per day limits and the lowest rates for Bitcoin. Automated Teller Machines (Bitcoin ATMs) allow you to buy Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies using cash. Coinhub's Bitcoin cash kiosks are a fast and convenient way to buy Bitcoin and have it delivered directly to your wallet in minutes. Coinhub Bitcoin machines can be used quickly and easily. If you're using a Coinhub Bitcoin Machine near me, you are able to purchase Bitcoin instantly and receive it within minutes. Purchases can be done in under 2 minutes and there is no prior account needed. Simply walk up to any Coinhub Bitcoin ATM to purchase and verify. Many Coinhub Bitcoin ATMs allow you to buy and sell crypto for cash. You can buy Bitcoin using one our Bitcoin ATMs. First, locate the nearest Bitcoin ATM in your area by visiting our Coinhub Bitcoin ATM Locator. Enter your phone number and walk up to the machine. The machine will verify your phone using a code and scan the bitcoin wallet. Enter bills one bill at a time for the amount you would like to purchase and confirm the bitcoin atm prior to purchase. Bitcoin is then instantly sent to your wallet. The daily limit for buying Bitcoin is $25,000. We have Bitcoin Machines conveniently placed throughout the country in major cities! Visit a Coinhub Bitcoin ATM today.
The Coinhub Bitcoin ATM is located inside the Miami Vape Smoke Shop at 351 NE 79th St, Miami, FL33138. It allows you to buy Bitcoin at this machine and other services within the following areas and nearby neighborhoods: Miami, Little Haiti, Upper East Side, West Little River, El Portal, Miami Shores, Miami Beach, Miami, FL 33138; Miami Beach, Biscayne Park, Wynwood-Edgewater, Biscayne Point, Normandy Isles, Allapattah; Hialea; North Shores, North Shores; Surfside; East Little Havana, Surfside; Surfside; Bal Harbour, Bal Harbour; Bal Harbour; Bal Harbour; Bal Harbour; Bal Harbour; Bal Harbour; Bal Harbour; Bal Harbour; Bal Harbour; City Center; Surfside; Surfside; Surfside; Surfside; Surfside; Surfside; Surfside; Surfside; Surfside; Surfside; Surf Side; Surfside; Surfside; Surfside; Bal Harbour
Miami (), officially the City of Miami, is a coastal metropolis located in Miami-Dade County in southeastern Florida (United States). With a population of 442,241 as of the 2020 census, it is the second-most populous city in Florida, eleventh-most populous city in the Southeast, and 44th-most populous city in the United States. Miami is the core of the nation's eighth-largest metropolitan area with 6,138,333 people. The city has the third-largest skyline in the U.S. with over 300 high-rises, 58 of which exceed 491 ft (150 m).Miami is a major center and leader in finance, commerce, culture, arts, and international trade. The metro area is by far the largest urban economy in Florida and the 12th largest in the United States, with a GDP of $344.9 billion as of 2017.
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Jonsi, het genie achter Sigur Ros, is terug met een eerste solo track in meer dan 10 jaar, Exhale. Een dromerige track waarin hij oproept om het lost te laten aangezien het onze fout niet is. De impact van de song word enkel maar groter als je weet dat hijzelf Covid-19 heeft opgelopen en overleeft heeft.
In afwachting van meer solowerk kunnen al niet meer wachten tot het tweede album met de Zweed Carl Michael von Hausswolff, Dark Morph II, verschijnt.
ter info
After spending 16 years as the singer/guitarist in the Icelandic group Sigur Rós, Jon Thor Birgisson renamed himself Jónsi and began a solo career.
Though he had used the name before on a project with Alex Somers (as Jónsi & Alex on 2009's album Riceboy Sleeps), the pixie-voiced singer's first solo album under the Jónsi name was Go, which was released on longtime label XL in the spring of 2010. Featuring more upbeat and poppy songs than those he had written and sung with Sigur Rós, Jónsi was joined on the album by Somers, modern composer/arranger Nico Muhly, and Samuli Kosminen. Shortly after the release of the album, Jónsi began a world-wide tour that lasted the rest of the year. The album sold a fair amount of copies and his profile was boosted by the appearance of a newly recorded track, "Sticks and Stones," for the soundtrack of the hit children's movie How to Train Your Dragon. In November of 2010, Jónsi released Go Live, a CD/DVD set that included live recordings taken during the European leg of the tour on the CD and live footage of dress rehearsals shot before the tour kicked off. Jónsi's song on the Dragon soundtrack led to his working with Cameron Crowe on the soundtrack to the director's 2011 film We Bought a Zoo. (Tim Sendra)


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From bulk items to free samples, Costco differs from the traditional grocery shopping experience. While the benefits of shopping at Costco are easily understood for household items like paper goods, there are other items you can buy from the retailer that might raise a few questions. This includes Costco's car buying program, which is growing in popularity. You may be asking yourself, can you actually buy a car at Costco?
The answer is yes, you can purchase a car through Costco - or more specifically, the Costco Auto Program, a third-party program that is governed by Costco and adheres to Costco's customer service standards.
We've done the research to figure out what buying a new vehicle through Costco really entails and if it's a good idea. Like anything, there are pros and cons to the process, but for a certain buyer, it could be the best way to bring home a new - or used - car. Here's what you should know about buying a car at Costco.
Costco Auto Program: How it Works
Costco works with select local dealers within a defined geographic radius of a Costco store. These participating dealers are all vetted based on a number of parameters, including customer service indexes and vehicle pricing competitiveness. For each dealership selected to be a part of the program, only a few elite salesmen are permitted to work with Costco clientele. The highlight of the program is a set discounted price that eliminates negotiating and haggling .Costco has worked to simplify the car search process as well. The Costco website includes comprehensive reviews, detailed product information, and the ability to compare different vehicles side by side.
The site also includes a handy financial calculator to help determine if you can afford the monthly payments and the total price. It will also help you compare buying options to determine which is a smarter purchase decision: taking the manufacturer rebate or opting for the promotional low finance rate. You'll still need to arrange financing yourself, however, as Costco does not offer loans nor does it partner with any lending institutions.
If you're in the market for a used car, you can also shop for a certified pre-owned (CPO) car. A certified pre-owned car is a low-mileage, accident-free used car that is typically less than seven years old and has been reconditioned to meet strict manufacturer or dealer standards. It also comes with a manufacturer-backed warranty. (Check out our guide to learn more about certified pre-owned vehicles.) And if it's time to buy that high-powered toy you've always wanted, certain locations let you shop for RVs, jet skis, ATVs, and other similar powersports machines.
Before you begin, make sure to have a Costco membership. As with any other aspect of the company's shopping experience, you won't be served if you don't have your Costco card. If you're not a Costco member already, expect to pay $60 for the company's gold star membership or $120 for the executive membership.
The Costco Car Buying Process
Once you've decided what vehicle you want, you can contact a Costco call center, or enter your preferred vehicle into the CostcoAuto.com directory. This includes the make, model, year, and preferred trim. Costco will then provide the contact information of a local dealer.
After you select a vehicle, you can go to the participating dealership and meet with an authorized dealer, who will provide you with the pre-negotiated discounted price. These salespeople, known as member advocates, are trained by Costco at each approved dealership to ensure that they adhere to strict standards. You can either accept the offer they provide or walk away.
Does Costco Handle Trade-Ins?
Yes, you can trade in your car through Costco. When you visit the participating dealership, you can work with the Authorized Dealer Contact to trade in your vehicle. The Authorized Dealer Contact will let you know how much money the dealership will provide you for your trade. If you decide to accept the trade, the value of your trade-in is applied to your purchase.
Costco Auto Program Pros
Compared to going it alone, buying a car through Costco is a simple and straightforward endeavor. That simplicity is one of the perks of buying through Costco. All the typical steps involved with buying a car - shopping around, researching information on a million websites, visiting different dealerships , and so on - can be eliminated if you know what car you want.The most appealing aspect of the program is the pre-negotiated price. Because Costco has the potential to funnel a large amount of customers to participating dealerships, their influence to negotiate a competitive price for their customers is formidable. According to Costco, the average savings on each new car sold through Costco Auto is $1,000. A members-only price sheet that's available from the dealer will show buyers a breakdown of the final price as well as their Costco-exclusive savings.
Special offers by participating manufacturers can further increase the amount saved. For instance, from October through January 2021, Costco partnered with Chevrolet for a savings event and offered a $1,000 members-only rebate on trucks and SUVs including the Chevrolet Silverado, the Chevrolet Suburban, the Chevrolet Tahoe, and Chevrolet Traverse.
You can purchase cars from mainstream automakers like Honda, Toyota, Ford, Hyundai, and Subaru as well as luxury brands like Audi, Cadillac, and Volvo.
After you've purchased your car, the savings continue with discounts off parts, accessories, and services like oil changes from participating service centers. Costco Auto will continue to be a liaison between you and the dealer in the event of any customer service issues.
Costco Auto Program Cons
Like anything, the Costco auto buying program isn't perfect. There are some limitations to the program that don't make this the best option for everyone.One drawback is the actual selection and availability of cars. Simply put, not every car will be readily available through the program. The program only allows one dealer per brand per geographic area. This means you're limited to what's on an authorized dealer's lot for any given brand of car. If the car you want isn't available at the dealer Costco steers you towards, you could try having the dealer order it direct from the manufacturer or have one shipped from another dealer. Either way, you're in for a wait.
You also may not get the best price possible by not shopping around or negotiating. This may be a benefit for shoppers who don't like to haggle. But if you take your time to research deals and dealerships, you might save yourself more money than the Costco auto program will.
On top of all this, Costco dealers are still out to make money - and they'll make more of it if they can sell you accessories, extended warranties, gap insurance, and all the other extras you might not want or need. Some dealers might try to push you into buying this stuff. This is when that promised no-hassle experience might not feel so no-hassle.
Of course, pushiness in this regard will vary from dealer to dealer, and will happen whether you buy through Costco or go it alone.
Costco isn't the only retailer that's doing car buying differently: these days there's plenty of companies trying to disrupt the traditional car-shopping process. Three notable retailers include Carmax, Carvana, and CarsDirect.
Carmax is probably the most well-known of the hassle-free automotive merchants; though they strictly deal with used cars, their buying process is designed to be easy and stress-free. There's no haggling over a price and buyers can get a comprehensive Carmax warranty for additional peace of mind.
Carvana is a more recent online dealer that also deals exclusively with used cars. They're perhaps most famous for their automotive vending machines; deposit an oversized token into the slot and the car you ordered online - without a dealer visit, test drive, or any sort of salesman - will be brought down to you. If you don't live near one of their car dispensers your purchase can be delivered to you. Carvana also offers direct financing and a seven-day money-back guarantee. More information on How Carvana Works, can be found in our guide.
While Carvana and Carmax only wheel and deal used cars, CarsDirect works with shoppers looking to buy new. Visit their website and find the make and model you want to buy, and CarsDirect will put you in touch with a local dealer's internet sales department. They'll also provide you with a build configurator, the latest incentives and finance deals from the manufacturer, and a price point with which to start your negotiating.
All three companies go about their business model slightly differently, and none are exactly like the Costco Auto Program. But they're all worth checking out if your goal is to avoid the usual dealership two-step and simply buy a new or used car without drama.
Alternatively, if you're more of a do-it-yourselfer, you can use a search engine to look for cars such as iSeeCars.com, AutoTrader, or Cars.com and visit the dealerships once you have narrowed down your search. You will be in complete control of the transaction and will do your own negotiating.
The Bottom Line
For most consumers, for whom car shopping is more of a chore than a thrill, the Costco Auto Program is a viable option. It eliminates some of the hassle of car buying , and directs you to a single car dealership. Because the need to haggle and hassle over a price is eliminated, the usual dealership pressure should be absent. You'll either buy the car at the Costco price or go home. It's a more relaxed car buying experience all the way around.That said, it's worth your while to arm yourself with information before you walk into a Costco-authorized dealer. Do a little bit of research beforehand, such as browsing listings and getting a general sense of market value for the particular car you're interested in; a great way to do this is with pricing and deal-rating tools such as the iSeeCars price analysis, available as part of the sites free VIN check.
Remember, it's not all about the MSRP or the invoice price - certain models reliably sell for less than their makers price them at, and manufacturer incentives can often drop prices dramatically. This could mean significant savings even without buying through the Costco program. As with all things, it's worth doing your homework - the more you know beforehand, the better equipped you are to find the best deal out there.
If you're ready to start the car buying process, you can search over 4 million new and used cars with the iSeeCars.com search engine that helps shoppers find the best car deals by providing key insights and valuable resources, like the iSeeCars VIN check report and Best Cars rankings.
More from iSeeCars:


text: ;;; ;;; Time-stamp: <2008-07-30 10:46:00 nhw> ;;; ;;; Copyright (C) by Noel Welsh. ;;; ;;; This library is free software; you can redistribute it ;;; and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser ;;; General Public License as published by the Free Software ;;; Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or (at ;;; your option) any later version. ;;; This library is distributed in the hope that it will be ;;; useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the ;;; implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A ;;; PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public ;;; License for more details. ;;; You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser ;;; General Public License along with this library; if not, ;;; write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple ;;; Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA ;;; Author: Noel Welsh <email@example.com> ;; ;; ;; Commentary: #lang scheme/base (require "test.ss") (provide (all-from-out "test.ss"))


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Luke 18:10-14
Jesus Christ shared the parable of the Publican and the Pharisee with us to warn us of the great spiritual danger of arrogant self-confidence in our own righteousness, coupled with contempt for those whom we consider to be beneath us. In this way Jesus sought to protect us from the terrible spiritual sickness of Pharissee-ism.
This disease of the soul first manifests itself as absolute confidence and trust in the rightness of our own point of view and judgement; it presupposes our personal superiority over others. And this twisted expression of self confidence quickly degenerates into uncritical self-satisfaction and self righteousness, into a kind of mindless self-admiration. It takes endless endless pleasure in the self, and in all that it does.
Let us look at the Pharisee in today's parable. He goes into the Temple of God to offer incense to his own self-idol. He proclaims his saintliness and enumerates his good works. He admires and praises himself. He, after all, is not like other people who are up to their necks in immorality and evil. In the midst of his supposed prayer he does not hesitate to spill the poisonous bile of his hatred for the Publican whom he sees praying off in a distant corner. With exaggerated self-satisfaction he refers to his careful fasting and his generous support of the temple. He is indeed, a fastidious observer of the law of the covenant.
And even though we feel repulsed by the attitude and behavior of the Pharisee, we need to be honest enough to admit to ourselves that there are more than a few times when we astonishingly resemble him. After all, who among us does not want others to think that we are better people than we actually are? Which one of us does not suffer from some lack of respect toward others? Is there even one of us who is very lenient in his judgement of others , and sterner in his own self-criticism? I sincerely doubt it. Every one of us, more or less, has something of that Pharisee inside of us. Something of that self-adulation and righteousness. And so to protect ourselves form infection by this disease requires nothing less than constant struggle and vigilant effort on our part.
A truly christian heart seeks to do what is just and right as a simple and natural expression of our responsibility as persons. But even then we understand that our good deeds do not reflect perfection and so should not be the cause of weaning pride on our part. That is why St. Vasilios, who devoted his entire life to the loving service of others wrote, "Even if we were somehow able to do absolutely everything that is required of us., we would still have to conclude that we are unworthy servants of the Lord. And this is because after having done all this, we will only have fulfilled our basic duty and obligation and nothing more."
This condemnation of the smug self-satisfaction of the Pharisee, leads us to the justification of the Publican, who keenly feels and readily acknowledges his personal inadequacies. The Publican is admittedly burdened by a host of sins. But he is acutely aware of his sinfulness and spiritual poverty. And so he stands back, in the farthest corner of the temple. He does not dare to even lift his eyes toward heaven. With heavy sighs, he whispers his short prayer, "God, have mercy on me, a sinner."
His prayer is a request, a plea actually, that is filled with contrition. And this contrition, this acknowledgement and confession of personal imperfection, is nothing less than the very cornerstone of the entire spiritual life. And this is because it is inseparably bound with humility of the soul; and it is humility that allows divine grace to transfigure and sanctify our lives.
Perhaps the attitude that we need to acquire if we wish to offer prayer that is acceptable before God, is summed up in the words of Jesus himself who said to us, "Come to Me, all you that are weary and are carrying heavy burdens and I will give you rest. Take My yoke upon you, and learn from Me; for I am gentle and humble in heart, and in Me you will find rest for your souls. For My yoke is easy, and My burden is light." Matt. 11:28. May we too approach the altar of God with that same gentleness of spirit, and that same humility of heart and soul.


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On the Survival Strategies of Larry Wall vs Richard Stallman
Have you met these gentlemen?
Yes i have met some gentle bigwigs of unix community.
I met Larry Wall in LinuxWorld Expo 1999 in San Jose, California, and personally asked him to autograph a O'Reilly book i was carrying.
I have also met Richard Stallman in the same conference. I asked him to sign the book. He looked at the book, saw evil, kindly refused to sign, and some freedom apostles behind him started to explain to me unnecessarily about how FreeSoftware requires Free Manuals and how i can purchase a copy of some GNU manual across the hall that Stallman would not object to sign.
From this we can see two fairly opposite survival strategies. Wall is this happy-go-lucky type of fellow, would take things easy, smile a lot, make friends, have a beer, and all the while cook up questionable cult to suck up clueless youngsters and advance his fame. Stallman on the other hand, takes the saintly approach, sticking to a principle of his own and never backs down. This strategy makes enemies quick, but tends to win followers who are strong and loyal.
Of course, since Stallman's complaint on particular O'Reilly and his diligence, these days we have quite a few books from commercial publisher such as O'Reilly, that publishes under a Open Source scheme as per his "FreeSoftware requires Free Manual" gospel: example
• Picking Up Perl By Bradley M Kuhn. At http://www.ebb.org/PickingUpPerl/
• Open Source Development with CVS By Karl Fogel. At http://cvsbook.red-bean.com/
• O'reilly's Open Books At http://www.oreilly.com/openbook/
• Richard Stallman's philosophy on Free Software and Free Manuals At http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-doc.html
(by the way, once i saw a photo on the web where underneath Larry's "there's more than one way to do it" autograph, Guido van Rossum of Python fame signed "you bet!". I didn't bookmark the url. Does anyone know where? I also recall once seeing a photo of some i think Perl monger's conference in CA which shows a guy who have a big Perl camel tattooed to his arm. I'd like to save that photo too.)
[Disclaimer: all mentions of real persons are opinion only.]
See also: On Microsoft Hatred


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Considering there is no respec mechanism in Dead Island, I'm trying to plan out my character build a little in advance.
In examining the skill tree I see there are:
- 21 possible points in Fury
- 39 possible points in Combat
- 39 possible points in Survival
I am assuming that all characters have the same number of points to put in their tree (I'm currently playing Xian). Judging from the achievements, the current level cap in-game is 60, but I don't know if there may be instances where you level up and get 2 upgrades available or something.
So how many total skill points can a level 60 character have?


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Outlook Web App and S/MIME
Applies to: Exchange Server 2010 SP3, Exchange Server 2010 SP2
S/MIME lets users encrypt outgoing messages and attachments so that only intended recipients who have a digital identification (ID), also known as a certificate, can read them. With S/MIME, users can digitally sign a message, which provides the recipients with a way to verify the identity of the sender and that the message hasn't been tampered with.
Supporting S/MIME
Requirements to Support S/MIME in Outlook Web App
Using S/MIME in Outlook Web App
Feature Additions and Limitations with S/MIME
For More Information
Supporting S/MIME
To support S/MIME in your Exchange organization, you must build a public key infrastructure (PKI).
A PKI is a system of digital certificates, certification authorities (CAs), and registration authorities (RAs) that verify and authenticate the validity of each party that is involved in an electronic transaction by using public key cryptography. When you implement a CA in an organization that uses Active Directory, you provide an infrastructure for certificate life-cycle management, renewal, trust management, and revocation. However, there is some additional cost involved in deploying servers and infrastructure to create and manage Microsoft Windows PKI-generated certificates.
Certificate Services is required to deploy a Windows PKI and can be installed through Add or Remove Programs in Control Panel. You can install Certificate Services on any server in the domain.
If you obtain certificates from a domain-joined Windows CA, you can use the CA to request or sign certificates to issue to the servers or computers on your network. This enables you to use a PKI that resembles a third-party certificate vendor, but is less expensive. Although these PKI certificates cannot be deployed publicly, as other types of certificates can be, when a PKI CA signs the requestor's certificate by using the private key, the requestor is verified. The public key of this CA is part of the certificate. A server that has this certificate in the trusted root certificate store can use that public key to decrypt the requestor's certificate and authenticate the requestor.
A PKI enables organizations to publish their own certificates. Clients can request and receive certificates from a PKI on the internal network. The PKI can renew or revoke certificates.
Requirements to Support S/MIME in Outlook Web App
S/MIME requires that users sign in to Outlook Web App using Microsoft Internet Explorer 7 or Internet Explorer 8. In addition to requiring Internet Explorer 7 or Internet Explorer 8, S/MIME also requires that Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) be used by the /owa virtual directory. S/MIME is not supported in Outlook Web App Light.
Using S/MIME in Outlook Web App
Users must have a digital ID and must install the S/MIME control for Outlook Web App before they can send encrypted and digitally-signed messages using Outlook Web App. They must also have a digital ID and the S/MIME control to read encrypted messages in Outlook Web App. The S/MIME control is necessary to verify the signature on a digitally-signed message.
The S/MIME control for Outlook Web App is installed on a user's computer by using the SMIME tab in Options. After the user has received a digital ID and the S/MIME control has been installed on their computer, they can use S/MIME to help secure e-mail mail messages.
Feature Additions and Limitations with S/MIME
When they use S/MIME, users gain additional features that are not otherwise available in Outlook Web App. These features include the ability to do the following:
Attach messages to messages
Paste images in messages
Attach files by using a simpler UI and let users attach multiple files in a single operation.
When they use S/MIME, users will encounter the following limitations:
WebReady Document Viewing only works in clear-signed messages. It does not work in encrypted messages or in opaque-signed messages.
When some content types are sent from Outlook as S/MIME messages, they cannot be displayed in Outlook Web App. Outlook Web App will display a banner in the message header when this happens.
Most S/MIME features are not available when a user opens a folder in another mailbox or uses explicit sign-in to open another user's mailbox. The only S/MIME feature that is available in those cases is verification of digital signatures.
For More Information
Active Directory Certificate Services and Public Key Management
© 2010 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.


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Please provide a rating, it takes seconds and helps us to keep this resource free for all to use
The Income tax rates and personal allowances in Zambia are updated annually with new tax tables published for Resident and Non-resident taxpayers. The Tax tables below include the tax rates, thresholds and allowances included in the Zambia Tax Calculator 2023.
Tax Rate | Taxable Income Threshold | ||
0% | Income from ZMW 0.000.00 | to | ZMW 54,000.00 |
25% | Income from ZMW 54,000.01 | to | ZMW 57,600.00 |
30% | Income from ZMW 57,600.01 | to | ZMW 82,800.00 |
37.5% | Income from ZMW 82,800.01 | and above |
Tax Rate | Taxable Income Threshold | ||
0% | Income from ZMW 0.000.00 | to | ZMW 48,000.00 |
25% | Income from ZMW 48,000.01 | to | ZMW 57,600.00 |
30% | Income from ZMW 57,600.01 | to | ZMW 82,800.00 |
37.5% | Income from ZMW 82,800.01 | and above |
Taxes, including personal income tax, expenses and limitations are reviewed by the Government in Zambia periodically and typically updated each year. Not that not all tax rates and thresholds in Zambia change annually, alterations to tax policy to support strategic economic growth in Zambia mean that the certain areas may be focused on to provide specific tax relief in Zambia or support growth in certain areas (overseas invstment in Zambia for example may mean reduced non-resident income tax rates in Zambia for a period).
When tax policy in Zambia changes, the resultant tax tables also change. Tax tables in Zambia are simply a list of the relevent tax rates, fixed amounts and / or threholds used in the computation of tax in Zambia, the Zambia tax tables also include specific notes and guidance on the validity of scenarios (for example, qualifying criterea for specific tax relief / allowances) and notes of the calculation of phaseout of specific tax elements within each taxation group (dividends and corporation tax thresholds in Zambia for example).
Zambia Tax Tables may also be referred to as Zambia Tax Slabs, Zambia personal allowances and tax thresholds or Zambia business tax rates. They all refer to the tax tables, whether in whole or as specific sections/categories of the tax tables therein. In the section, we publish all 2023 tax rates and thresholds used within the 2023 Zambia Salary Calculator. This means that if you are aware of a 2023 tax exemption or 2023 tax allowance in Zambia that you are entitled too BUT it isn't listed here, that we don't allow for it in this version of the Zambia Salary Calculator. This is simply because we updated our tax calculators based on user feedback, we tailor the Zambia Salary Calculator to suit our users needs. Our aim is to keep tax calculations in Zambia simple, we achieve this my making the Zambia tax calculators relevent to our community's needs, this includes you. So, if you would like a new 2023 tax rates, allowance or threshold adding (or perhaps updating), or if you notice an error in our 2023 tax calculations, simply contact us and we will adjust the tool.
Choose a specific income tax year to see the Zambia income tax rates and personal allowances used in the associated income tax calculator for the same tax year.


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- Home
- Government
- Departments
- Public Works
- Sanitation/Solid Waste Pickup
- Sanitary Sewer & Storm Drains
Create a Website Account - Manage notification subscriptions, save form progress and more.
Sanitary Sewer Maintenance
The Sanitation Division is responsible for cleaning, inspecting, and maintaining 380 miles of sanitary sewer lines. The City is divided into 21 sewer districts. It takes approximately 18 months to clean and 48 months to CCTV inspect the entire system.
Storm Drain Maintenance
Storm drain maintenance is the responsibility of the Public Works Sanitation Division.
The crews are responsible for maintaining the storm drain system within the city. This includes cleaning so that during periods of heavy rain, the system will transport rainwater to the correct watershed which will prevent flooding.
The homeowner is responsible for the section of sewer line from their building to the City's sewer main, most frequently located in the center of the street, but not always.
A backup occurs when waste or debris has obstructed a home's plumbing system or lateral, resulting in clogged or slow-moving drains or toilets. A backup occurs on the homeowner's property and the expense and responsibility for cleanup and repair lies with the homeowner.
A sewer overflow occurs when a city main becomes blocked and water or waste materials come up through a sink, bathtub drain or toilet when the home's plumbing system is not being used. An overflow can inflict serious damage, including flooding a room or an entire home.


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The application information screen is not being updated when I try to search for and install applications using the Google Play Store.
To use the Google Play Store it is necessary to connect your TV to the Internet.
Follow the steps below to check the Internet connection.
- Using the supplied remote, press HOME button.
- Select Help.
- Select Internet connectivity symptoms.
NOTE: This issue can occur when the wireless LAN signal is too weak to sustain an Internet connection.


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Artwork YSL 1989
Artprint including frame
In 1970, Yves Saint Laurent designed the first in a series of greeting cards in poster form that he would send his friends, collaborators, and clients annually until 2007. This particular print was designed in 1989.
Every year, Saint Laurent adopted a new color palette and created an image using collage, drawings, and gouache. The leitmotif of every card was the word "LOVE." Many of the cards were inspired by Morocco, where Saint Laurent frequently created them, but also by Georges Braque, Jean Cocteau, Andy Warhol, and Henri Matisse.
Sizes: H62 cm - W45 cm.