text:
A detailed treatment of the key architectural features of Alpha AXP
This outstanding new book describes the internals and data structures of the OpenVMS AXP operating system Version 1.5 in vivid detail. Perhaps the most comprehensive and up-to-date description available for a commercial operating system, it is an irreplaceable reference for operating system development engineers, operating system troubleshooting experts, systems programmers, consultants and customer support specialists.
Some of the text and much of the book's structure are derived from its highly successful predecessor, VAX/VMS Internals and Data Structures: Version 5.2. The new work is divided into nine parts: Introduction; Control Mechanisms; Synchronization; Scheduling and Time Support; Memory Management; Input/Output; Life of a Process; Life of the System; and Miscellaneous Topics. Each of the 39 chapters is akin to a case study on the topic it covers, based on the depth and breadth of treatment. Although the descriptions are of the OpenVMS operating system for the Alpha AXP family of processors, the concepts are equally applicable to the internals of any modern-day multiprocessing operating system running on a RISC computer.
Place your order before June 1, 1994
and qualify for the special
pre-publication price of $120.00.
Price after June 1, 1994 is $150.00.
Preface Part I. INTRODUCTION 1. System Overview 2. I/O Architecture Part II. CONTROL MECHANISMS 3. Interrupts and Exceptions 4. Hardware Interrupts and Machine Checks 5. Software Interrupts 6. Condition Handling 7. System Service Dispatching 8. ASTs Part III. SYNCHRONIZATION 9. Synchronization Techniques 10. Event Flags 11. Lock Management Part IV. SCHEDULING AND TIME SUPPORT 12. Time Support 13. Scheduling 14. Process Control and Communication Part V. MEMORY MANAGEMENT 15. Memory Management Overview 16. Memory Management Data Structure 17. Memory Management System Services 18. Paging Dynamics 19. Working Set List Dynamics 20. The Swapper 21. Pool Management Part VI. INPUT/OUTPUT 22. Overview of the I/O Subsystem 23. I/O System Services 24. I/O Processing 25. Mailboxes 26. Miscellaneous I/O Topics Part VII. LIFE OF A PROCESS 27. Process Creation 28. Image Activation and Exit 29. Translated Image Environment 30. Process Dynamics 31. Process Deletion Part VIII. LIFE OF THE SYSTEM 32. The Modular Executive 33. Bootstrap Processing 34. Operating System Initialization 35. Error Handling 36. Error Halt Processing 37. Symmetric Multiprocessing Part IX. MISCELLANEOUS TOPICS 38. Logical Names 39. Miscellaneous System Services APPENDIXES System Processes and Privileged Images Use of Listings and Map Files SYSGEN Parameters Naming Conventions Data Structure Definitions Size of System and P1 Virtual Address Spaces Summary of AXP Systems Lock and Resource Use by OpenVMS Components LIST OF ACRONYMSJune, 1994 hardbound 1,800 pages
An in-depth overview of VAXcluster technology - from an "applied
theory" perspective.
This in-depth exploration of the major components of the VMS operating system is ideal for computer professionals who need a thorough understanding of VAXcluster components and functionality to support, manage, and develop applications in a VAXcluster environment. It:
1993 paperbound 600 pages 55558-112-9 $49.95
There are few repositories in the marketplace today that offer the functionality and capabilities of CDD/Repository, and it is fast becoing the repository-of-choice in software development departments in many companies, software tool companies, and consultant firms. This comprehensive guide focuses on Version 5.0 of CDD/Repository - an extremely sophisticated and powerful repository based on an object-oriented approach. This is an active distributed repository system that provides the functionality necessary for users to organize, manage, control and integrate tools and applications across their companies. The repository simplifies application development by providing information management and environment management features.
The guide to the new
Alpha system.
This is the authoritative reference on the new 64-bit RISC Alpha architecture of Digital Equipment Corporation. Written by the designers of the internal Digital specifications, this book contains complete descriptions of the common architecture required for all implementations and the interfaces required to support the OSF/1 and OpenVMS operating systems.
A guide to the latest version of ALL-IN-1 - for new and experienced users.
ALL-IN-1: MANAGING AND PROGRAMMING IN V3.0 assists both new and experienced ALL-IN-1 system managers and programmers to make the best of ALL-IN-1 V3.0 - the biggest single release of ALL-IN-1 since V2.0 (1985):
1993 paperbound 552 pages 55558-101-3 $52.95
Based on the author's extensive experience developing ALL-IN-1 subsystems and customizing their applications to specific customer sites, this handbook offers a far deeper treatment than the product documentation itself. Addressed to the needs of system managers, application programmers, and anyone who might work with ALL-IN-1 on a technical level, the guide features real-world practical examples, figures, and tables to illustrate the many possibilities available to meet the customized requirements of individual installations and users.
1992 paperbound 551 pages 55558-086-6 $44.95
ALL-IN-1: INTEGRATING APPLICATIONS IN V3.0 helps programmers experienced in third generation languages to use code-level integration to:
1993 paperbound 265 pages 55558-102-1 $52.95
A must for anyone performing database procurement for evaluation/functions.
Rdb/VMS is a relational database system that was developed by Digital for the VAX family using the VMS operating system. It is one of a number of information management products that work together in an environment, enabling users to easily share information throughout an organization. Based on Version 4.0 of the Rdb/VMS system, this comprehensive introduction covers components, data definition and manipulation, storage structures, table access, transaction management, security, database integrity and restructuring, tuning and optimization, distribution, interoperability, the data dictionary, transaction processing, tools, application programming, and more.
1991 paperbound 352 pages 55558-073-4 $34.95
The initial reference material on operating system support for Alpha.
These cutting-edge volumes are the first publications to explain OpenVMS operating system support for Digital's new 64-bit Alpha AXP architecture. Written for computer professionals who need detailed knowledge of Alpha platforms as early as it can be made available, they contain the most authoritative and timely information on the OpenVMS AXP operating system currently available. These PRELIMINARY EDITION volumes were written concurrently with the development of the operating system and are up-to-date as of the time of publication.
Topics covered include:
Volume 1: 1992 paperbound 412 pages 55558-095-5 $30.00
Volume 2: 1992 paperbound 306 pages 55558-105-6 $30.00
Volume 3: 1993 paperbound 270 pages 55558-109-9 $30.00
Invaluable for any professional working with Digital equipment.
Compiled by a committee from Digital - engineers, writers, and specialists - the latest edition of this indispensable guide includes nearly 4,500 new entries, twice as many pages as the first edition, and two new appendixes with guidelines to help you write readable technical text. It's an all-in-one glossary of technical terms, abbreviations, expansions, and acronyms for Digital products and functions - and for computing generally.
1986 paperbound 659 pages 93237682-7 $29.95
The only book on UNIX for experienced VMS users making the transition between the two systems.
This unique book is for any computer professional making the transition from VMS to UNIX. Each concept is illustrated with one or more examples comparing the way a task is performed in VMS and in UNIX. You move in a logical sequence, progressing from fundamental concepts to advanced programming and networking. Based on the Berkeley 4.2 version of UNIX, the text includes more than 150 interactive examples as well as appendixes providing command summaries and useful cross-reference tables, as well as a glossary.
1990 paperbound 368 pages 55558-034-3 $29.95
Takes up where VAX/VMS documentation leaves off.
Find out how to use the Digital Command Language (DCL) to write programs - through the logical, hands-on method presented in this book. DCL is the standard command language for VMS - and is a well-structured, general-purpose programming tool when used to best advantage. Assuming a background knowledge of VMS, the book begins by describing the common features of DCL, then presents it as a programming language, including:
The popular guide to VMS utilities and applications.
No matter what components you're using, the new edition of this popular resource will help you learn to perform simple and useful tasks on the VAX/VMS system - with confidence! The book offers a hands-on introduction to the EDT and EVE screen editor programs, the DECspell spelling checker, WPS-PLUS, phone and mail utilities, VAX Notes, the DATATRIEVE database management program, the DECalc electronic spreadsheet, the BITNET network, and more. Included are a wealth of lively examples, exercises, and illustrations - plus ``quick reference'' charts summarizing commands and operations at the end of each chapter. Nine useful appendixes include additional detailed material. This practical, easy-to-use guide is indispensable for anyone who wants to become a self-sufficient VAX user - whether your needs are administrative, instructional, or academic.
For new users - the comprehensive guide to VMS.
For new and nontechnical users of VMS, here is a comprehensive and up-to-date guide. It introduces you to the operating system and the built-in functions of VMS, Version 5 - complete with hands-on, self- teaching experiments and step-by-step instructions to improve mastery. For more proficient users, the book serves as a quick look-up reference. Featuring:
A fresh presentation of VAX/VMS operating system concepts.
Discover a practical new approach to understanding VAX/VMS operating system concepts. Combining discussions of operating system theory with examples of its application in key VAX/VMS operating system facilities, this book provides a thoughtful introduction for application programmers, system managers, and students. In addition, you'll learn how VAX/VMS system services can tap the power of the operating system to perform critical tasks on behalf of applications. Each chapter begins with a discussion of the theoretical aspects of a key operating system concept - including generally recognized solutions and algorithms - followed by an explanation of how the concept is implemented, plus an example that shows the uses and implications of the approach.
How to write high-quality professional applications on VAX/VMS.
This exciting book is the first to actually explain how to write high-quality professional applications on VAX/VMS. With numerous programming examples to illuminate the text, it offers a clear, detailed methodology highlighting those aspects of VMS that every well-written application must address. You'll find:
Takes a unique systems approach.
Master the relationships between today's advanced operating systems and applications and the hardware that supports them. Taking a unique systems approach, this completely revised and updated second edition of a classic shows you how. Using the VAX as a detailed example, the first half of the book offers a complete course in assembly language programming. The second describes higher-level systems issues in computer architecture. Highlights include the VAX assembler and debugger, other modern architectures such as RISCs, multiprocessing and parallel computing, microprogramming, caches and translation buffers, and an appendix on the Berkeley UNIX assembler.
1989 clothbound 444 pages 55558-015-7 $39.95
Updated edition of the authoritative resource.
The second edition of the definitive guide to the design of Digital's most popular computer family, the
VAX ARCHITECTURE REFERENCE MANUAL, further enhances its status as the bible of the
machine's structure.... It contains the most comprehensive description of the VAX architecture to be found
anywhere.... [Readers] will find this organized, well-indexed manual indispensable.
- DEC Professional
Every knowledgeable VAX programmer and architect will want to acquire this resource that Digital's own engineers depend on. From the Micro-VAX II to the VAX 9000, it spans the complete range of hardware and software issues and includes important new material covering the VAX shared-memory model and new vector processing extensions.
1991 paperbound 560 pages 55558-057-2 $49.95
Most authoritative, complete description of the VAX/VMS operating system.
Experts who have been directly involved in engineering, teaching, troubleshooting, and supporting the VMS operating system since its creation bring you this totally revised edition of this landmark reference. Comprehensive and convenient, the book focuses on the kernel of the VAX/VMS Version 5.2 operating system: process management; memory management; the I/O subsystem; the mechanisms that transfer control to, from, and among these; and the system services that support and complement them. Written for professionals using VMS who wish to understand the components, mechanisms, and data structures, the book reflects every change to the VAX/VMS operating system through Version 5.2. An all-new detailed technical index and hundreds of data structure diagrams make the contents more accessible and easy to use.
Add this to your VAX/VMS library.
For software specialists, system programmers, applications designers, and other computer professionals, here is a welcome in-depth study of the VMS file system, Version 5.2. You'll find it helpful in understanding the data structures, algorithms, interfaces to, and basic synchronization mechanisms of the VMS file system - that part of the operating system responsible for storing and managing files and information in memory and in secondary storage. The book is also fascinating as a case study of the VMS implementation of a file system. Topics include the Files-11 On-Disk Structure, volume structure processing (including the handling of both on-disk and in-memory data structures), system-wide caching algorithms, clusterwide coordination techniques, and the I/O subsystem - including the extended $QIO processor (the Files-11 XQP).
1990 paperbound 460 pages 55558-056-4 $49.95
A complete description of Digital's Network Applications Support (NAS) architecture.
Designed for anyone interested in learning about the NAS architecture - including application developers, technical consultants, Independent Software Vendors (ISVs), Value-Added Resellers (VARs), and Digital's Integrated Business Units (IBUs) - NAS ARCHITECTURE REFERENCE MANUAL provides information on the NAS services and the key public interfaces supported by each service.
1993 paperbound 564 pages 55558-115-3 $34.95
WORKING WITH TEAMLINKS is a practical guide to Digital's office system for the Microsoft Windows graphical user environment. Its thorough coverage will help experienced and inexperienced users, programmers, and system implementers realize the benefits while avoiding the pitfalls of using PCs in an integrated multivendor office system. The book shows how the TeamLinks File Cabinet works, how TeamLinks mail flows, how to streamline business processes with the TeamRoute document-routing system, and how to integrate applications in a TeamLinks environment. It discusses the problems of implementing a PC-based office system and of managing the process of migration from ALL-IN-1 IOS, Digital's minicomputer-based office system. An appendix documents TeamLinks internal codes and presents other interesting information. A companion diskette contains many sample programs that can be used as a base for your own solutions.
1993 paperbound 446 pages (includes diskette)
55558-116-1 $44.95
An introduction to the architecture AND the software and middleware of NAS.
NAS (Network Applications Support) is both a comprehensive architecture and set of software products designed to provide a framework that makes it possible for applications developers to enhance those characteristics of computing applications that promote interoperability, application distributability, and application portability among applications that run on Digital's computing platforms as well as those from other vendors, such as IBM, Hewlett-Packard, SunMicrosystems, Apple Computer, and others. For managers, executives, and information systems staff, NAS describes both types of NAS products - 1) those that comprise a set of development toolkits that provide services directly to computing applications; both Digital applications and user-written applications. This important new class of software, called middleware, operates as an intermediary between application programs and the underlying hardware/software platform, and 2) those that build on the NAS middleware to provide services directly to the end users of computing services.
1993 paperbound 412 pages 55558-117-X $34.95
USING C-KERMIT describes the new release, 5A, of Columbia University's popular C-Kermit communication software - the most portable of all communication software packages. Available at low cost on a variety of magnetic media from Columbia University, C-Kermit can be used on computers of all sizes - ranging from desktop workstations to minicomputers to mainframes and supercomputers. The numerous examples, illustrations, and tables in USING C-KERMIT make the powerful and versatile C-Kermit functions accessible for new and experienced users alike:
1993 paperbound 514 pages 55558-108-0 $34.95
For new and seasoned BITNET users alike.
The first book to cover BITNET exclusively, this volume addresses the needs of those who have never used a national computer network, as well as those who are familiar with accessing BITNET from the VMS operating system. Comprehensive in coverage, it details the many aspects of using BITNET - from electronic mail to searching remote databased to carrying on RELAY conversations with other users around the world. Appendixes provide specific programs and listings of the more popular mailing lists, digests, and electronic magazines.
1992 paperbound 161 pages 55558-094-7 $25.95
USING MS-DOS KERMIT is a book/disk package designed to help both technical and non-technical PC users alike to link their IBM PCs, PS/2s, or compatibles to other computers and data services - e.g., Dow Jones News/Retrieval, MCI Mail, databases like BBS, DIALOG or TYMNET, and any mainframe - throughout the world. Based on the author's close involvement with development and distribution of the Kermit transfer protocol, the guide supplies easy-to-follow, step-by-step instructions, meticulously compiled tables, and at-a-glance information on important areas. The latest version of MS-DOS KERMIT is included with the book and provides:
1992 paperbound 345 pages (includes diskette)
55558-082-3 $34.95
This authoritative, all-in-one introduction, manual, and complete reference shows readers - at all levels of technical expertise - how to use Kermit to transfer diverse data between different computer systems and data communications environments. Using tutorials, case studies, and examples of actual Kermit codes, it provides instructions for basic use and a detailed description of the Kermit protocols:
1987 paperbound 379 pages 932376-88-6 $29.95
The first book-length introduction to one of the fastest growing LAN standards on the market today.
Based upon the primer that received a 1991 Award for Excellence from the Society of Technical Communications (STC), FDDI: AN INTRODUCTION TO FIBER DISBRIBUTED DATA INTERFACE is the first book devoted to this new high-speed, high-bandwidth standard. A concise and thorough technical introduction to the subject, it covers all aspects of the FDDI standard - from its protocol specifications to its implementation and management in real-world, large-enterprise, local area networks. The book is written and designed for rapid comprehension by computer systems managers, telecommunications managers, and communications professionals who make decisions regarding networks for their organizations. The FDDI technology and applications are extensively illustrated, but without mention of Digital's FDDI products. An extensive glossary defines key networking, LAN and FDDI terms.
1992 paperbound 209 pages 55558-093-9 $17.95
Your map through the network jungle.
Here's how to track down virtually every network available to academics and researchers. This new book, with its detailed compilation of host-level information, provides everything you need to locate resources, send mail to colleagues and friends worldwide, and answer questions about how to access major national and international networks. Extensively cross-referenced information on ARPANET/MILNET, BITNET, CSNET, ESnet, NSFNET, SPAN, THEnet, USENET, and loads of others is all provided. Included are detailed lists of hosts, site contacts, administrative domains, and organizations. Plus, a tutorial chapter with handy reference tables reveals electronic mail `secrets' that make it easier to take advantage of networking.
1990 paperbound 630 pages 55558-047-5 $35.95
From the authorities on information processing.
``This book is the important landmark we've all been waiting for:
the comprehensive overview of Digital's Phase V architecture!''
- Marshall Rose, PSI, Inc., and author, THE OPEN BOOK: A PRACTICAL PERSPECTIVE ON OSI
Broaden your understanding of how large networks are designed with
this introduction to the concepts surrounding Digital Network
Architecture. This useful book blends an OSI tutorial with a complete
look at how OSI technology is used in a Digital computer network.
You'll gain useful insights into OSI and the process of OSI
standardization as well as implementation - all presented in a
straightforward, easy-to-follow style.
Detailed case studies from ten American colleges and universities will prepare you to make better plans and decisions for an electronic library, integrated information management system, or unified information resource. You'll find models and guidelines covering reference services, latest philosophies and strategies, management and organization issues, delivery mechanisms, and more.
1990 clothbound 404 pages 55558-036-X $34.95
This complete, central source lets you tap into the worldwide information-sharing network of engineers, scientists, and researchers - no matter where you live or work. It's a hands-on encyclopedic directory of specific networks and conferencing systems that encompass millions of users across every continent! Following a useful overview, you can look up specific systems, their interconnections and uses, history, funding, standards and services - all organized country-by-country for your convenience. Clearly drawn maps and hundreds of references help you easily connect to the global matrix.
1990 paperbound 719 pages 55558-033-5 $49.95
A hands-on account of the design, implementation, and performance of Project Athena.
Project Athena at MIT has emerged as one of the most important models to date for next-generation distributed computing in an academic environment, and this book is the first to describe this landmark project. Pioneered by MIT in partnership with Digital and IBM, Project Athena is distinguished by its magnitude and its reliance on workstations, each providing the same user interface regardless of architecture, and each sharing the same programs and data through a high-speed electronic network. Based on thousands of pages of reports and the author's own experience, this important book lets you in on the design, implementation, and performance of Project Athena - now a production system of networked workstations that is replacing time-sharing (which MIT also pioneered) as the preferred model of computing at MIT. The book is organized in four parts, covering management, pedagogy, technology, and administration. Appendixes describe deployment of Project Athena systems at five other schools, provide guidelines for installation, and recommend end-user policies.
1991 clothbound 282 pages 55558-072-6 $28.95
The definitive networking reference.
Long considered the definitive work among networking references, this book covers the spectrum of data communications technology. It presents the latest information on layered protocols, fast and error- correcting modems, smart multiplexers, digital transmission (T1), packet-switching, and ISDN. You'll also find an expanded discussion of local area networks, an introduction to the popular Kermit file transfer protocol, information on the EIA-530 specification, and updated material on communication LSI circuits. McNamara provides you with a practical approach to understanding communications systems, starting from a simple asynchronous interface called a UART and proceeding through more intricate problems of data communications system design. You'll learn about communication lines and interface standards (EIA-232 to EIA-530), modems and modem control, error detection, communication protocols, digital transmission systems, integrated services, and local area networks. If you're designing a system, purchasing hardware or software, or simply expanding your knowledge, this book is indispensable!
1988 paperbound 383 pages 55558-111-0 $32.00
This concise book provides an objective introduction to local area networks - how they work, what they do, and how you can benefit from them. It outlines the pro's and con's of the most common configurations so you can evaluate them in light of your own needs. You'll also learn about network software, with special emphasis on the ISO layered model of communications protocols.
1985 paperbound 165 pages 932376-79-7 $29.00
Arranged in five sections - X Protocol Reference, Xlib Reference, X Toolkit Reference, Motif Reference, and General X Reference - and organized alphabetically with thumb tabs for quick and easy reference - the X AND MOTIF QUICK REFERENCE GUIDE provides complete descriptions of routines and user-accessible data structures, including:
1993 paperbound 398 pages 55558-118-8 $24.95
For new and experienced VMS users alike.
USING DECWINDOWS MOTIF FOR VMS is designed to help new VMS DECwindows users explore and apply DECwindows techniques and features, and to provide experienced DECwindows users with practical information about the Motif interface, ways to customize environments, and advanced user topics. VMS DECwindows Motif is based on MIT's specification for the X Window System, Version 11, Release 4 and OSF/Motif 1.1.1.
1993 paperbound 363 pages 55558-114-5 $34.95
A technical reference covering every aspect of the sample server developed by the MIT X Consortium.
Using examples, guidelines, and tutorials, as well as material on theory and practice, this comprehensive reference provides essential information to knowledgeable X users who want to learn about the basic interactions between client and server - including developers who want to port, extend, tune, or test a server.
1993 paperbound 534 pages 55558-096-3 $45.95
Conforms to Release 5 - four books in one!
Written by the experts who originally designed and created the X Window System, this Third Edition is a major revision of the definitive reference describing each standard specification from the MIT X Consortium. It conforms to the latest release: X Version 11, Release 5. With this latest edition in hand, software developers and others can now take advantage of the significant new functionality in Release 5. And, in addition to fully integrating the important new features of this latest release, the original text has been significantly revised for clarity and easier access. Instructive diagrams, a detailed glossary, and a comprehensive subject-oriented index further enhance the book's overall value.
1992 paperbound 1,000 pages 55558-088-2 $49.95
A quick and thorough introduction to Motif programming.
Here is a straightforward, easy-to-understand introduction to Motif application development, covering both basic and advanced features of graphical user interfaces as implemented under Motif. Even though you may have little or no experience with X or other window programming environments, this useful guide will ease you into Motif programming smoothly and quickly. Using simple examples and explanations, it shows you how to design and build graphical applications with Motif in a reasonable amount of time. By the end of the book, you'll be familar with all of the Motif widgets as well as the process of application design in Motif, the basic capabilities of the X and Xt layers, and the X drawing model.
1992 paperbound 601 pages 55558-089-0 $29.95
Indispensable for all programmers.
Written by the two leading designers of the X-Tool kit, this is the authorative guide to Version 11, Release 4 of the X Window System Toolkit. It's organized in two useful parts - a programmer's guide and a specification. You'll learn how to use the various features as well as how those features operate.
1990 paperbound 967 pages 55558-051-3 $44.95
The defacto standard, a must-have for all Lisp programmers.
In this greatly expanded edition of the defacto standard, you'll learn about the nearly 200 changes already made since original publication - and find out about gray areas likely to be revised later. Written by the Vice-Chairman of X3J13 (the ANSI committee responsible for the standardization of Common Lisp) and co-developer of the language itself, the new edition contains the entire text of the first edition plus six completely new chapters. They cover:
1990 paperbound 1029 pages 55558-041-6 $39.95
Find out what actually works (and what doesn't) in the development of commercial expert system applications - based on the author's decade of experience in building expert systems in all major areas of application for American, European, and Japanese organizations. Focusing on actual tested procedures, this how-to book offers practical methods for initiating, designing, building, managing, and demonstrating successful expert systems. You'll discover engineering programming techniques, useful skills for demonstrating expert systems, practical costing and metrics, guidelines for using knowledge representation techniques, and solutions to common difficulties in design and implementation.
1991 paperbound 212 pages 55558-070-X $28.95
For the experienced professional.
For the professional Lisp programmer, this important book is an introduction to programming in the Common Lisp Object System. This object-oriented system - an extension of Common Lisp - incorporates the concepts of classes, generic functions, methods, multiple inheritance, and method combination. Complete with code examples, the book has been adapted directly from the X3J13 Document 88-002R, submitted to the X3J13 Committee in June 1988.
1991 paperbound 192 pages 55558-064-5 $26.95
How to use information technology to gain the competitive edge.
This non-technical book examines the role of information in the broader business enterprise - how to use it to gain competitive advantage and to re-design business processes for greater efficiency. Going beyond the technology itself, it offers concrete suggestions on how to construct extensively integrated information systems. And it describes both the opportunities and the risks that may result from the use of information technology. Avoiding any bias toward top-down definitions and decompositions in strategic planning, the book is organized in three parts:
1992 clothbound 318 pages 55558-091-2 $34.95
Cut time and expense without sacrificing quality.
Focusing on work environments in which knowledge workers use electronic networks and networking techniques to access, communicate, and share information, this book develops strategic and practical approaches that distributed organizations can use to succeed and compete. You'll explore how such groups can decrease the time required to create quality products and services - even when their work teams are geographically and culturally dispersed, or ``Working Together Apart.'' With a foreword by organizational expert Edgar H. Schein of MIT's Sloan School, this book will be indispensable for managers and planners seeking innovative ways to build the capabilities necessary for prosperity in this complex and rapidly changing world.
1992 clothbound 260 pages 55558-074-2 $29.95
1990 clothbound 267 pages 55558-037-8 $29.95
Benefit from the practices of the best logistics managers.
One of the nation's top authorities on logistics management presents a focused interpretation of research findings to help managers improve logistical competency within their organizations. Zeroing in on the best practices of successful logistic managers - and well supported by statistical evidence - this handbook provides a sequential model as well as extensive coverage of Elecronic Data Interchange in the logistics process. You'll find out why logistics must play an increasingly critical role in overall corporate strategy in the coming years, and why its managers must learn to better manage change. Special emphasis is placed on the development of strategic alliances to increase corporate speed and quality. Throughout the eight chapters, an action-oriented case dialogue facilitates interest and ease of reading.
1992 clothbound 246 pages 55558-087-4 $29.95
Selecting and using software to tackle critical manufacturing problems.
Here's practical advice for managers on how to take advantage of an MRP II software system to plan and monitor your manufacturing, marketing, finance, and engineering resources. Each chapter focuses on a specific problem - such as material shortages, high inventory, or poor quality - and explains possible causes plus the solutions provided by MRP II packages. Find out about the advantages and drawbacks of MRP II (as well as other systems), how to evaluate features and select the right system, and how to use it to solve pressing business problems.
1991 clothbound 333 pages 55558-058-0 $35.95
DIGITAL AT WORK tells the story of the first thirty-five years of
Digital Equipment Corporation and illuminates the origins of its
unique culture. First person accounts from past and present members
of the Digital community, industry associates, board members, and
friends - plus a wealth of photos from Digital's archives - trace the
company's evolution from the 1950s to present.
``...It's worth reading for its historical data not only about Digital's computers but their predecessors, the
Whirlwind, the TX-O, and the TX-2, as well. It serves as a first approach to the history of an important
computer firm, and even more, as a fine example of engineers and managers at work. There are some good
stories here, well told.''
- Steven Lubar, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution
1992 paperbound 212 pages 55558-092-0 $19.95
THE DIGITAL STYLE GUIDE is the official guide used by Digital and its third party partners to achieve consistency in text and on-line use information - and is the first such guide to deal with the special issues that arise in the creation of hardware and software computer documentation. It is especially useful for application developers and their support staffs - especially project managers, engineers, writers and editors responsible for the preparation of technical user information for products that will be used in Digital environments for Digital-supported multivendor environments. The GUIDE provides such technical communications with:
1993 paperbound 349 pages 55558-104-8 $24.95
This useful reference addresses the key tasks that are integral to realtime software development in manufacturing plants: managing the design of the system, setting up and coordinating a development organization, and implementing tools for successful completion and management. Whether you're a new or experienced project manager, you'll discover useful advice and easy-to-follow procedures that help you cut time and costs - and stay competitive. You'll find out how to use concurrent methodologies to create realtime systems in half the time it usually takes - resulting in systems that are more flexible, more predictable, and far less costly than systems developed sequentially.
1992 paperbound 204 pages 55558-083-1 $24.95
Direct from Digital's Information Design and Consulting Group.
THE DIGITAL TECHNICAL DOCUMENTATION HANDBOOK describes the process of developing and producing technical user information at Digital Equipment Corporation. It:
1993 paperbound 319 pages 55558-103-X $26.95
Bridges the transition from one operating system to another.
Learn the in's and out's of four widely used operating systems - VMS, UNIX, OS/2, and MS-DOS - with this all-inclusive guide. Written by an experienced computer systems support specialist, it examines scheduling, synchronization techniques, file management, memory management, and more - bridging the transition from one operating system to another. The book helps you design applications that run on one or more of these systems or port existing applications to a new system. You'll benefit from the many examples - provided as building blocks to more elaborate implementations - as well as roadmaps that review chapter contents, summaries, and reference lists for quick look-up of information. A useful collection of algorithmic techniques and coding samples make this a comprehensive handbook for any programmer or software designer who wants to perform common functions among various operating systems in a multivendor environment.
1992 paperbound 743 pages 55558-090-4 $39.95
Technical writing is more like investigative reporting than like scientific writing, requiring practitioners to gather information rapidly, identify audiences, and use creativity and problem-solving skills. Find out from an experienced technical documentation expert how to gather, dissect, and understand technical information- and how to organize and present it for the reader. Complete with illustrations, glossary, and useful appendixes including resources as well as international documentation standards, the book covers planning and process, research techniques, use of graphics, audience analysis, the role of standards, and careers.
1992 paperbound 267 pages 55558-080-7 $28.95
Benefit from Digital's secrets for overseas success.
Already in use by hundreds of independent vendors and developers, here at your fingertips are the groundbreaking packaging and design guidelines that Digital recommends and uses for products headed overseas. With examples throughout - from code fragments to large applications - this volume provides:
1991 paperbound 381 pages 55558-063-7 $28.95
For hi-tech companies operating in today's global economy, here is an indispensable guide that can help you reduce the expense and time demanded for translating your user information. This unique book introduces you to Digital's success-proven methods for creating and packaging written, visual, and verbal user information that can be easily understood outside its country of origin and readily translated into other languages. Find out how to adapt the writing and organizational practices of an industry leader to speed your own process along.
1992 paperbound 214 pages 55558-084-X $24.95
A valuable model for your own company.
Here is the first published description of the processes and practices, tools, and methods this industry giant uses to develop its software products. This ``shirt-sleeves'' guide is packed with diagrams and tables that illustrate each step in the complex software development process. You'll learn all about Digital's standard ``phase review process,'' the role of teams and their leaders, how computer-assisted software engineering tools (CASE) work, and how to control a project while improving productivity and product quality.
1989 paperbound 239 pages 55558-035-1 $27.95
Enhance your hardware/software reliability.
Enhancement of system reliability has been a major concern of computer users and designers - and this major revision of the 1982 classic meets users' continuing need for practical information on this pressing topic. Included are case studies of reliable systems from manufacturers such as Tandem, Stratus, IBM, and Digital, as well as coverage of special systems such as the Galileo Orbiter fault protection system and AT&T telephone switching processors. With over 480 technical diagrams, the book also covers:
1992 clothbound 908 pages 55558-075-0 $64.95
A working guide that helps you look at your system from the end-user's viewpoint.
This practical guide and accompanying audiotape explain over 90 guidelines and considerations for designing, installing, and implementing systems that focus on human needs. You'll discover unique approaches to human-computer interactions, backed up by pertinent research and realistic examples to illustrate the points. The one-hour audiotape features in-depth interviews with the authors, who emphasize the human approach and offer you dynamic new ideas for building successful systems.
BOOK: 1984 paperbound 249 pages 932376-44-5 $29.95
TAPE: 1987 60 minutes 932376-44-6 $12.95
This book will help programmers who want to take advantage of MUMPS and its unique features as a database management tool in business and academic environments. You'll move logically through from an introduction to programming, to a presentation of MUMPS as a programming language which is both interpretive and a shared database manager. Elements of the language, such as data types, syntax, command, and program creation, are covered in depth. With numerous practical examples and exercises including answers.
1989 paperbound 303 pages 55558-017-3 $27.95
The first new PCs from the joint IBM/Apple venture are about to appear. Using the new Power PC RISC microprocessor designed by IBM, Motorola, and Apple, these new PCs will enable Apple Mac software to run on IBM PCs and vice versa. This book is a practical guide to the new microprocessor. It will be a valuable reference to engineers programming the new IBM and Apple PCs and to students and hobbyists with an interest in what is going on inside the computer.
March, 1994 paperbound 350 pages
7506-1801-9 $24.95
Covers advanced window types and window management.
Anyone who is serious about Windows programming and requires a book that contains practical examples and applications will want this book. The WINDOWS ADVANCED PROGRAMMING AND DESIGN GUIDE provides plenty to stimulate the mind. Its an advanced look at Windows (both architectural and API levels) that provides many of those long sought after answers. Topics covered include advanced dialog techniques and the dialog manager, genuine custom control building, advanced dynamic link library theory and practice, super/sub-classing and hooks, and much, much more.
1993 paperbound 900 pages
7506-0636-3 $39.95
Unlike most books on the subject, OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING UNDER WINDOWS uses practical examples to show how OOP techniques can be applied in the real world, with particular emphasis on programming under Windows. This timely book will appeal to anyone intending to write programs and experienced programmers who are planning to move from structured methods to OOP methods.
April, 1994 paperbound 350 pages
7506-1792-6 $29.95
This book for the experienced software programmer presents a rigorous methodology, based on Jackson Structured Design (JSD), and clearly demonstrates how it can be applied to a wide variety of data processing problems. With a clear emphasis on the invaluable distinction between the software life cycle, STRUCTURED PROGRAM DESIGN will suit programmers striving to become competent software designers.
April, 1994 paperbound 256 pages
7506-1759-4 $29.95
A comprehensive, hands-on guide to Windows NT (New Technology)
This book provides a practical introduction that will enable the user to become proficient in actually using Windows NT. It starts from basic principles for the beginner and leads effortlessly into areas of interest to the power user and system administrator. Almost every aspect of Windows NT is explained in practical, concise text. End users will find it useful in learning how to work with Windows and accessories. Power users will learn the ins and outs of Control panel, OLE, and workgroups. Administrators can come to grips with User Manager and Event Viewer.
April, 1994 paperbound 350 pages
7506-0852-8 $24.95
Explains how viruses function and how to combat them, and evaluates leading anti-virus software
The number of PC viruses is now in the range of 2500. How does the average PC user or major company prevent massive data loss from virus attack? This comprehensive guide to PC viruses provides the answers and gives solid advice on preventative measures. It sets out to explain how PC viruses work and how to guard against a viral attack. And for the user unlucky enough to come across an infected PC, there is ample coverage of the steps to take in combating such a dilemma. Leading anti-virus software is exhaustively evaluated.
1994 paperbound 304 pages
7506-1614-8 $24.95
Practical information for understanding the basic technology of PC networks.
With networks frequently seen as a panacea for most office automation problems, it is essential to understand the basic technology used within such systems and its limitations and advantages. EFFECTIVE PC NETWORKING describes this technology used within most PC networks and gives a lot of practical advice on how to avoid the problems and pitfalls.
1993 paperbound 256 pages
7506-1136-7 $32.95
Provides numerous tips to boost productivity -
valuable to DOS users as well.
The majority of books written on WordPerfect focus on the program rather than on your work; on the tool rather than the job. GETTING THE JOB DONE WITH WORDPERFECT FOR WINDOWS is for the user whose job is to produce office documents in a business or other professional environment and is already familiar with the basis of word processing. It explains program functions within the context of recognizable tasks and jobs, such as the creation of memos and letters. It is based on Windows 3.1 and WordPerfect for Windows but DOS users of WordPerfect will also find this book a valuable source.
1993 paperbound 443 pages
7506-0541-3 $39.95
Practical help for learning the basics of - and becoming proficient in - UNIX.
This book teaches the student and new business user of UNIX the concepts and use of commands by fully worked practical examples. By working through these examples, the reader will gain the understanding and confidence needed to become a proficient UNIX user. No previous UNIX experience or any computer system is required to make full use of this book.
1993 paperbound 240 pages
7506-0637-1 $27.50
In-depth information on the programming languages of
HyperCard and Plus.
This book provides in-depth information on HyperTalk and PPL, the programming languages of HyperCard and Plus. In addition to the possibility of creating applications that can be used without modification with Windows 3 on IBM compatibles and on the Macintosh, the approach followed makes it possible to explore the basics of object-oriented programming in graphical environments and is well suited to act as an introduction to the graphical environment for programmers skilled in languages such as Pascal or C.
1992 paperbound 475 pages
7506-0500-6 $49.95
For quality practitioners in all types of organizations - addresses each requirement of each clause.
Written with the busy manager in mind, the ISO 9000 QUALITY SYSTEMS HANDBOOK is a manual for those managing, designing, implementing, auditing, or assessing quality systems that aim to meet the Standard. In this book the mysteries of how to become and remain accredited to the quality system standard are solved. The approach taken is appropriate for quality practitioners of all types in any organization. Unlike other guides, this book addresses each individual requirement of each clause. One by one the purpose of the requirements is explained, and guidance in meeting them is offered.
1994 paperbound 420 pages
7506-1690-3 $29.95
This practical book provides an explanation of AI concepts and techniques. It shows students how they can solve business problems with AI technologies, and analyze the strategic impact of AI technology on organizations.
1993 paperbound 352 pages
7506-1612-1 $34.95


text:
Epidemics of infectious diseases have afflicted and perplexed humans throughout history. Infectious diseases, and the epidemics they cause, come and go, and humans cope with them in different ways, but the fear and confusion over new infectious diseases, such as AIDS, and even measles, is an ancient pattern we have seen many times before.
Centuries ago, human efforts to combat epidemics focused on avoidance (or elimination) of active cases. Next came treatment of active cases, and within the last two hundred years, scientific advances made possible prevention of certain diseases by means of vaccines. But it was not until this century that people started to study the epidemic process itself - understanding the pattern of how diseases spread through a population. This field of study is known as "epidemiology" and it is found mainly in medical schools and the Center for Disease Control in Atlanta.
A measles epidemic in an elementary school offers a good example of questions epidemiology ties to answer. Suppose a school has 500 students. Some of the students are immune to measles because they have already had measles or because they have been vaccinated. The remaining students are susceptible to measles and are referred to as "susceptibles." In this example, let's suppose there are 40 immunes and 400 susceptibles. If we introduce an active case of measles into this school, what patter, if any, will the epidemic follow? In other words, if the principal asks us how many students will be absent on the fourth day of the measles epidemic, what should we tell him/her? How many children will not contract measles during this epidemic
To help answer such questions, two medical researchers at John's Hopkins University, Lowell Reed and Wade Hampton Frost, developed a mathematical model to describe accurately how diseases spread through populations. Their model, developed in the 1920's, has come to be known as the "Reed-Frost Epidemic Model." Their purpose in developing this model was to sensitize medical students to the variability of the epidemic process. Neither Reed nor Frost through their model worthy of publication, so the model is described by another author (Abbey) as follows:
- The infection is spread directly from infected individuals to others by a certain kind of contact ("adequate" or "effective" contact) and in no other way.
- Any susceptible individual in the group, after such contact with an infectious person in a given period, will develop the infection and will be infectious to others only within the following time period, after which he (she) is wholly immune.
- Each individual has a fixed probability of coming into adequate contact with any other specified individual in the group within one time interval, and this probability is the same for every member of the group.
- The individuals are wholly segregated from others outside the group.
- These conditions remain constant during the epidemic.
In other words, each individual in the study population is in one of three possible states during any time period. These are:
- active case state
- susceptible state
- immune state
Active cases always change to the immune state in subsequent time periods. Immune individuals remain immune and are sometimes omitted from consideration. Susceptible individuals change to active cases if and only if they come into "effective contact" with active cases.
The traditional notation for the model (described by Fine) is as follows:
- St = Number of susceptibles at time t.
- Ct = Number of active cases at time t.
- p = Probability that any two individuals selected at random will come into effective contact (contact sufficient for an active case to infect a susceptible individual).
Using this notation, Fine observes that the probability of a susceptible individual contracting the disease during time period t is:
1-(1-p) Ct
By substituting q for 1 - p, the above can be written:
By applying the above probability to a binomial probability distribution (the same probability distribution that predicts the expected number of heads when flipping coins), the expected number of cases can be computed easily for any time period. But this mathematical method lacks intuitive appeal and fails to convince those untrained to probability and statistics. In addition, it makes the unrealistic assumption that every individual encounters every other individual in one time period. In particular, the mathematical solution fails to sensitive physicians (and patients alike) to the great variability to epidemic patterns that are attributable to chance alone.
In short, Reed and Frost developed a wonderful technique for studying and demonstrating epidemic patterns. They gave us the mathematical model which is accurate but hard to understand for laymen.
Our challenge to students in the Summer Institute is:
Use modern computer technology to revitalize the old, but very good ideas of Reed and Frost!
Problem 1
Write a program on a workstation that emulates the mathematical epidemic model of Reed and Frost. For purposes of simplicity, fix the number of individuals in the population at 1,000 and fix the maximum number of time periods at 25. However, allow the probability of effective contact and the number of immunes to vary s that the effects of social service programs such as immunization or prevention education can be observed. Thus, the only input to your program will be the initial number of immunes and the effective contact probability.
For output, your program should display in each time period the number of:
active cases
Run the program many times while varying the number of immunes and the probability of effective contact. Sensitize yourself to epidemic patterns and variations.
Problem 2
Write a program on the workstation that simulates a modified form of the Reed-Frost epidemic model. For this modification, assume that all the individuals are standing next to each other in a room.
Like before, some will be immune. Let one individual be an active case. He can now infect only his immediate neighbors. In the next time period, those people who got sick now have a chance to infect their neighbors and so on.
You will need the same input and output that was described in Problem 1. In addition you may want to input the position of that first active case.
The most dramatic output, though, will be a two-dimensional grid that shows all the individuals in the room and what state they are in (i.e., sick, immune, or contagious). As time periods go by, you can watch the disease spread through the room.
Run your program many times with different input parameters. How does the pattern of the epidemic flow change with affective contact probability?
Problem 3
Write a program on the CRAY based on the one you wrote for problem 2 except add graphic output using AVS that is a significant improvement over the numeric output from the workstation. You have seen one approach in the video; other approaches exist. Be ingenious! For example, beyond the tree states specified by Reed and Frost, the video introduced a fourth group that Reed and Frost neglected; those infected by the current epidemic. This is one form of enhancement you might consider.
Another enhancement that could prove interesting is to allow some individuals in the room to move. What do you expect to happen if a contagious person happens to move to another part of the room? How will the speed and spread of the disease change?
Good luck and have fun!
Abbey, H,: An examination of the Reed Frost theory of epidemics. Human Biology, 24:201-233, 1952.
Fine, Paul E.M.: A commentary on the mechanical analogue to the Reed-Frost epidemic Model. American Journal of Epidemiology, V106, Ns, 87-100, 1977.
Dave Ennis is the OSC coordinator for the Epidemic project. Dave's office is in 420-4. Please contact Dave to set up appointment(s) for consultation.
For assistance, write email@example.com or call 614-292-0890.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
This course is for people who have completed the 10 step technique Beginners Course, have considerable experience of Nordic Walking and enjoy walking at a moderate pace. Please meet outside the Visitor's Centre next to the car park. This class will last 1 hour, during which time you will refine the ten step British Nordic Walking technique. You will also work on exercises, which focus on speed, balance, cardiovascular fitness, strength and posture.
This is a mixed Health & Fitness Class, which means that I will send fast walkers ahead to do extra loops. People who want to walk at a more gentlr pace are welcome to do so.
Please wear comfortable clothes and either trainers or a pair of waterproof walking shoes. I will provide poles.
This six week course can be booked as a block of 6 sessions for £48 payable to the instructor at the first session. The course runs up to and includes Monday 30th March.
Walk yourself fit in Clare, Suffolk.
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text:
There is a movement afoot in some circles (circles that call themselves Christian) that refers to itself as "Grace-Based Parenting." This movement is evil for at least four major reasons: it perpetuates a confused view of grace, it prohibits what God commands, it adopts modernism over Scripture, and it implicitly calls God's Holiness into question.
The view of grace in "Grace Based Parenting" movement is a typical anti-Calvinist view of grace. It disassociates favor from the basis for bestowing the favor. As a result, it condemns Biblical forms of discipline (e.g. chastening and rebuke).
The error seems to spring from an unscriptural world-view in which God is portrayed as an omnibenevolent Santa-Claus who begrudgingly and with tears flowing down His cheeks punishes those who force Him to do so.
When you look to what Old Testament believers thought Scriptural discipline was, you'll see what was practiced among the Puritans. Check out, for example, Sirach 30:1-13 (in the King James Version or Geneva Bible, some of the other versions number differently). It's not the Bible, but it is a good historical view of the sense of Proverbs' child-rearing instructions that was held by historical believers.
Praise be that our Father is not loathe to chasten us!
What I propose as an alternative to so-called GBP is love-based discipline. Love-based discipline includes nipping the seed of wickedness in the bud. When a child disobeys, the child is punished. The severity of the disobedience dictates the severity of the punishment. The punishment should not be overly austere, but it should be physical and it should be unpleasant. It should not be disfiguring. As a child grows in understanding, a word of rebuke may be sufficient, but it would be foolishness to treat infants as though they are wise. Care should be taken to impose such physical instruction out of love for the child, not out of anger at the personal offense caused by the disobedience. When possible, the physical instruction should be performed by the father. Because Scripture is clear that parents are to love their children, and because Scripture is clear that physical instruction is to be an expression of that love, loved-based discipline should - in its generalities - bind the conscience, and is an appropriate basis upon which to judge whether a man, a father, is qualified for the office of bishop/elder or for the office of deacon.
1 Timothy 3:5 (For if a man know not how to rule his own house, how shall he take care of the church of God?)
Now, let us examine the four great evils of GBP.
I. GBP Confuses Grace
GBP issues from an anti-Calvinist view of grace. Note that I do not mean to suggest that the people involved are themselves all anti-Calvinists. I means that the so-called "Grace-based Parenting" movement springs from that mindset.
The grace of God restrains the wickedness of man, and it does so using both external and internal means. The outward and ordinary means is by which the grace of God restrains the wickedness of men is fear of punishment, as taught by Romans 13:3.
Furthermore, it is not God's love per se that changes the heart: but God's regeneration.
Nevertheless, when we sin God chastens us. Paul tells us so.
Some GBP supporters claim that they are modelling God's grace, revealed in the New Testament. This is mistaken. God's grace is based on Jesus being beaten (and ultimately killed) in our place. Unless a GBP supporter is planning on receiving beatings in the place of their child, they cannot accurately model God's grace for them.
I bring up the crucifixion, because God's grace is without cost to us, but it is not free to God. Grace is on the basis of the agency and instrumentality of Christ ("in Christ" as Ephesians 1 puts it). Someone suggested that we are to model God's grace: but I doubt that they meant they will punish their first born child for the errors of all of their after-adopted children, or bear the sins of their children for the children (as Christ suffered and died in our place "for us").
Furthermore, it should be noted that it is because of the crucifixion that God treats us like children: with love spanking us - not for his own gratification or for the redemption of sins, but for our benefit and sanctification. After all, exercise of the rod teaches obedience to the fifth commandment, as Scripture teaches in Hebrews 12:9.
Indeed, a proper model of Christ's work must include the substitution of a victim for the sinner.
One GBP supporter wrote:
I don't know what you believe, but I believe that Christ's work on the cross paid the price for all those whom God has chosen to be his children. To even suggest that my children's sins need to be punished when Christ has already atoned for them is heresy.
This GBP supporter is mixing the metaphor/simile. If they are modeling God's grace, they are God and their child is the sinner, but (in Isaac's words) where is the lamb? We both know the lamb is Christ, but there is no analogy to the Lamb of God in the GBP model.
My point is that they are not modeling God's grace - they are imatating the favourable treatment God gives to those whose sins are covered (which is only one part of the whole picture).
Furthermore, God still disciplines his children (even as he chastened the elect nation of Israel in the Old Testament) for their sanctification, as Paul clearly teaches. Whether we refer to that as punishment or discipline may be an important distinction, but call it whatever you like, it includes chastening/scourging according to Paul. It is not for God's satisfaction - He is satisfied by Christ's work - but for our benefit. If we want to model the grace of God, we can do so by following His example of chastening/scourging the children we love. That is why I refer to loving discipline that includes, when appropriate and as appropriate, both rebuke and chastisement.
If you check out the commentaries of John Gill and Matthew Henry (both of whose writings are freely available), I think you'll find that argue that the way grace is taught is by the law (i.e. the rod teaches children their need of grace, and is a means of grace toward them): we receive punishment for doing wrong, and it helps us recognize our depraved condition, our inability to satisfy divine justice, and our need for a Savior.
Furthermore, covenant children, as part of the visible church, ought to receive loving discipline, which is one of the blessing of the covenant.
Based on the covenant, one may have hope for one's children's salvation. Nevertheless, one must recognize that one's own faith is no absolute guarantee that one's physical children are numbered among the 144,000 (look at Abraham).
Surely the GBP supporter must have meant something else by their comment regarding whether their children have Christ as Redeemer. I am also confident that they would not charge me with heresy for suggesting that anyone who is not trusting in Christ alone for salvation should be in fear of hellfire on account of their unjustified state.
GBP Prohibits What God Commands
Also note, that I trust that the Reformed folk reading are involved are capable of reading the various Scriptural instructions on the topic of child-rearing. I have yet to see any Reformed exegete arrive at some other view than that chastening and rebuke are mandatory aspects of loving parenting.
Indeed, if fathers do not chasten/scourge their children, they are acting as though those children have some other father. This is reasonably inferred from Paul's comments. Those children are being denied the full blessings of the covenant.
Some GBP supporters make a cultural objection. These objectors seem to suggest that the "rod" comment in Proverbs may be culture-bound. However, they also typically recognize that spanking is part of our culture today (after all, that's why their movement exists, to spread what they like to term "positive discipline") . Thus, their culture-bound argument fails at its core.
In another sense, though, they may be right. I doubt many would suggest that Proverbs means we must use a rod as the implement and that - say - a belt, wooden spoon, or open hand is inappropriate; just as most would likely permit the Japanese to greet each other with a Holy bow, and us with Holy handshakes (and increasingly, I've noticed, hugs). The accidents may change, but the concept of unpleasant (to the recipient) corporal discipline remains the same.
Another GBP support noted that Islam supports bodily discipline and even discusses it at great lengths. One would assume that any Reformed person would understand that spanking is not made wrong because it is practiced (to an extreme) by some Muslims any more than that modesty is made wrong because it is practiced (to an extreme) by some Muslims.
That is not to say that the only aspect of discipline is physical instruction. If the reader comes away thinking that my position is discipline = spanking (i.e. that there is nothing else to discipline except spanking), it is only because I am responding to the error of GBP that excludes spanking from discipline. If one reads more carefully, one will see that I include other things, such as rebuke, in discipline. Furthermore, though I do not discuss it at length here, there is a priori instruction that is part of discipline. Nevertheless, the departure from orthodoxy that GBP presents is the denial that spanking is part of discipline.
GBP Is Modernism not Adherence to Scripture
I openly challenge any GBP advocate to provide either (a) anyone who viewed the Scripture this way more than 150 years ago, or (b) a consistent exegesis of Scripture that arrives at the GBP view from Scripture, instead of attempting (as a few web sites do) to impose the concept on Scripture.
One supporter of GBP wrote:"I also disagree with your assumption that spanking is a Biblical norm. A modern American Christian cultural norm, but not a Biblical one."
It's not, however, an assumption. There are some rather explicit instructions in Scripture, as virtually all GBP supporters know.
Furthermore, there is nothing "modern" about spanking. As I pointed out, we can confirm from Sirach that those passages were historically taken at face value (i.e. beat with a rod means spank). We can also readily confirm the practice of such discipline in the NT in Paul's writings. We can also see it in the "common law" era of England (post-Runnymeade). I'm abundantly confident that a study of medieval history would turn up the same results in the interim.
Nevertheless, my challenge for the GBP is to find a full Scriptural exegesis for bucking the traditional view of Proverbs 23:13-14.
Just because all believers everywhere for the past 2500+ years (it's a little hard to date Sirach - it claims to be written about one generation after Solomon = 27 generations before Christ) have viewed Proverbs 23 one way does not make it right. Scripture, not tradition, should be our guide.
So far, though, I haven't seen any reason to depart from the teachings of Reformed notables, such as Gill and Henry who view Proverbs 23 in the traditional way, or from Calvin who calls spanking the "common practice of men."
I'm frankly not aware of any Christian author from more than 100 years ago (Reformed or Arminian) who had a different view than that corporal discipline is proper, but should not be done in unrighteous anger, with undue violence, or in an excessively austere manner. If you respect Calvin, I can point you to Calvin. If you respect Wesley, I can point you to Wesley. Name me a respected theologian (even one whose soteriology is a bit out of whack) who has been dead for at least 100 years, and I am confident that I can show you that - if he treated the subject - he did not forbid spanking or stern rebuke.
I challenge anyone who supports the "Grace Based Parenting" movement to show that it is not a modern phenomenon.
Yes, Scripture must be our authorative source of knowledge. Nevertheless, I challenge the GBP movement to show whether there are any Reformed theologians (even today, and even marginally reformed) who support the Grace-Based-Parenting movement with any kind of Scriptural exegesis that I could evaluate and respond to.
Some objectors will point to a discussion by Charles Hodge regarding grace as alleged support for the GBP movement. The typically cited portions of CH do not make any mention of spanking. Furthermore, in CH's Systematic Theology, discussing the fifth commandment, CH points out that capital punishment for disobedient children is no longer required. This would be the perfect place for CH to mention that the historical practice of spanking was also no longer required and/or contrary to New Testament principles. Nothing of the kind can be found.
Nevertheless, we are not left only with an argument from CH's silence. In discussing punishment in his Systematic Theology, CH writes:
It is of course to be admitted, that the good of the offender is often the ground or reason why evil is inflicted. A father chastises a child in love, and for its good. And God, our heavenly Father, brings suffering upon his children for their edification. But evil inflicted for the benefit of the sufferer, is chastisement, and not punishment. Punishment, properly speaking, is evil inflicted in satisfaction of justice.
And in the section on the general offer of the gospel, CH writes:
God pities even the wicked whom He condemns, as afather pities the disobedient child whom he chastises. And as the father can truthfully and with a full heart say that he delights not in the sufferings of his child, so our Father in heaven can say, that He delights not in the death of the wicked.
Hodge speaks for himself and he is right on the money, fully on board with God-honoring love-based parenting. Far from endorsing the GBP rejection of spanking, Hodge maintains the orthodox position that chastening is an essential part of discipline. Hodge does mention other aspects of parenting, but his words should not be wrested from their original sense in attempt to back an innovative departure from orthodoxy.
Some objectors have even claims that the Westminster standards are opposed to physical instruction of children. The Westminster Larger Catechism, however, is pretty clearly pro-chastisement with the question/answer pair 129:
Question 129: What is required of superiors towards their inferiors?
Answer: It is required of superiors, according to that power they receive from God, and that relation wherein they stand, to love, pray for, and bless their inferiors; to instruct, counsel, and admonish them; countenancing, commending, and rewarding such as do well; and discountenancing, reproving, and chastising such as do ill; protecting, and providing for them all things necessary for soul and body: and by grave, wise, holy, and exemplary carriage, to procure glory to God, honor to themselves, and so to preserve that authority which God has put upon them.
Some have apparently disagreed that "chastisement = spanking" in the WLC. Unless such a person means only that there is not a precise identity relationship between the two terms (which is a trivial point), such disagreement is not founded on an historical understanding of the document.
One objector wrote:
What I am trying to say is that just because someone chooses not to use physical punishment or possibility any punishment at all does not necessarily mean that they do not *discipline* *chastise* *correct* *rebuke* *train* or whatever word you want to use.
I respond:
"Chastise" can only still be achieved using some kind of figure of speech, along the lines of "When Tom came back from chasing the chickens around the yard, his mom gave the little rascal a tongue-lashing." No one imagines the mom actually applying her tongue to Tom's back.
Nevertheless, that figurative sense of "chastise" needs to be recognized as figurative. As for the others, yes, there are other wrenches in the tool kits of discipline, correction, and training. Using "rebuke" for physical instruction would seem to be a figurative use in the opposite direction (and not one that I've ever seen).
The objector continued:
Those words are not synonymous with punishment.
I respond:
My point is that godly admonition has a physical component, and that if we omit that component we are not loving our children, but hating them.
The objector further stated:
I am not even trying to say that there is never a time for punishment, maybe even physical punishment but punishment is simply a tool, and far from the only tool, that parents can use to *discipline* *chastise* etc. etc. their children.
I respond:
"Maybe" even physical punishment? Is there any question at all that the verse above is talking about often using physical instruction in a loving way to sanctify our children?
It would be hard for me to imagine an honest, sober exegete answering the question with, "yes, there is doubt."
GBP Implicitly Attacks God's Holiness
When we sin, God chastens us. Paul tells us so. Those who fault chastening as unholy implicitly attack the holiness of God, who chastenes and scourges every son that he loves.
Praise be to our Father in Heaven, whose name is Holy!
Objections Answered
Objection One: Seeing Spanking in Scripture Requires Eisegesis
One objector stated: "to read chastisement in the Bible and come away with the concept of hitting a small child on the bottom and/or legs with the hand and/or implement, is doing [sic] reading our own definitions into Scripture, instead of reasoning from Scripture to come to our understanding."
This accusation is way off base.
First, what is clearly taught in Scripture is that is important to discipline children through infliction of physical pain. Any allegation that this is not clearly taught in Scripture should be laughed to scorn.
Second, that the appropriate place to inflict pain is a place that will not cause disfigurement is taught less clearly, but is still taught. Note the teaching in Moses regarding the fact that a master must free a slave whose eye or tooth is lost as a result of physical discipline. Also note that Scripture speaks of the rod being for the back (not face) of a fool.
Third, that the discipline should not be excessively austere is taught by the maximum lash count provision in Moses.
Fourth, young children are not exempt from the general provision. Although care should be taken with respect to application of force to young children (note that circumcision was postponed to the eighth day), there is nothing to suggest that a father is exempt from physically disciplining children of tender years.
An anti-Calvinist mindset might suppose that young children are incapable of actual sin, and, thus, consistently exempt them from sanctifying discipline. However, those who read the Bible will see that the wicked come forth from the womb speaking lies.
Indeed, because they lack understanding, physical discipline is especially appropriate for younger children:
Proverbs 10:13 In the lips of him that hath understanding wisdom is found: but a rod is for the back of him that is void of understanding.
And because we know that children are born depraved, we should realize that their hearts are initially not pure but corrupt, thus physical discipline (chastisement) is especially appropriate for them:
Proverbs 22:15 Foolishness is bound in the heart of a child; but the rod of correction shall drive it far from him. Fifth, as for the implement being an open hand, a rolled up newspaper, a shepherd's crook, a pvc pipe, a brush, a razor strop, a belt, a thin flexible piece of wood, or whatever other instrument is it hand, I suspect most would view "the rod" as being metonymous for any suitable instrument, in view both of "rod and staff" in Psalm 23 and "chastens and scourges" in the New Testament.
Thus, there is no excuse for a godly man to refuse to follow God's example (and the example of all Christians everywhere prior to 150 years ago):
2 Samuel 7:14 I will be his father, and he shall be my son. If he commit iniquity, I will chasten him with the rod of men, and with the stripes of the children of men:
Objection Two: Louis Berkhof taught a view of grace that supports GBP
As for Berkhof's work, given his view of common grace, I seriously doubt that I will find anything in Berkhof but support for the godly exercise of spanking when appropriate. Nevertheless, I will go back and check what he wrote, and report back.
Let me distinguish:
First) there are some who claim that is not honoring to God when we physically instruct our children. Those people have departed from the historic understanding of Scripture, and have not, as far as I have seen, presented a Scriptural defense of their condemnation of physical instruction. Their views are clearly heterodox.
Second) There are those who simply are saying that there are lots of ways to discipline your children and that physical instruction is not the only wrench in one's Biblical toolkit of discipline. That group is well within the boundaries of orthodoxy, and it would be a rare Christian (historically speaking) who would disagree.
Third) There are a few who say that while we CAN physically correct our children, it ought to be rare and a last resort. This view is tempting, because it seems very gentle (and we Christians are gentle). However, Proverbs instructs us contrary to that:
Proverbs 13:24 He that spareth his rod hateth his son: but he that loveth him chasteneth him betimes.
Betimes literally means "early" and here it conveys the sense of "often" or "immediately."
P.S. Thanks to Centuri0n, I found this timely article on the subject:


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Feature by: Cullen Gallagher, Victoria Large, Glenn Heath Jr., Lindsay Peters, and Briallen Hopper
Posted on: 05 February 2013
Aldrich, Dassin, Daves, de Toth, Florey, Fuller, Hathaway, Hawks, Huston, Karlson, Kubrick, Lang, Lewis, Lupino, Mann, Ophuls, Preminger, Ray, Siegel, Siodmak, Tourneur, Ulmer, Welles, Wilder, Wise—these are just a handful of the fine filmmakers whose works have come to define the film noir canon. They've each their own claim to greatness—but amongst them all, there are three directors who stand apart as artists whose body of work is consumed by noir, who contributed not one, two, or even three noir pictures, but whose cinematic existence is defined by, and gives definition to, noir. Of course, there is Fritz Lang, that titanic German émigré who introduced noir to America, fusing Expressionist aesthetics, pulpy plots, and paranoid psychology. Then there is Robert Siodmak, fellow German émigré and inheritor to Lang's stylistics who caressed noir's details with shadowy opulence. And then there is Anthony Mann.
Anthony Mann is America's hometown noir hero. He navigated uncharted shadows of the American landscape. Not just the back alleys and seedy bars, but national borders, scientific laboratories, sewer systems, taxidermy shops, vaudeville shows. He turned the low-lights still lower, filming his most dramatic scenes in near-darkness, this wisps of light cutting across human faces like a sharp knife. Unlike the romantic domains of so many films noir, filled as they are with freewheeling inebriation, rampant sexuality, exhilarating fisticuffs, one would never want to be trapped in Mann's world. Heroes don't save the day, innocent bystanders lose their lives, moral citizens take temptation, criminals backstab each other, and good doesn't triumph over evil so much as good proves more violent, more vicious, and more relentless, than evil. It's an unsettling resolution – terror conquering terror – that leaves tension unresolved and terror lingering in the viewer. Mann took the performance out of violence, exchanging beauty for brutality, sadism, and shock. Two shots from the opening of Railroaded best illustrate this: a close-up in which the robber sticks his double-barrel shotgun point-blank in the camera's face, followed by another close-up of screaming, panic-stricken woman.
Born in California, Mann was raised in New York City. Apprenticed in off-Broadway theater, he returned to Hollywood where he matured in cinema. (For a more detailed biography, look up William Darby's excellent study of the director, Anthony Mann: The Life and Films.) After making his debut with Dr. Broadway, a cheapie for Paramount in 1942, Mann descended into the depths of Hollywood's B-Picture kingdom, down the ladder of prestige, first to Universal (for the musical Moonlight in Havana, also 1942), then to Poverty Row's Republic Pictures for five movies. It is here that Mann honed his generic talent, leaving behind musicals and embracing thrillers. Most notable were 1944's Strangers in the Night (a gothic mystery about a woman who creates a fictitious daughter to correspond with a marine), 1945's The Great Flamarion (about a vaudeville marksman duped into committing a murder by a femme fatale), and 1946's Strange Impersonation (about an acid-scarred scientist getting revenge on her former fiancé and lab partner). In 1945, Mann rose briefly to work at RKO, a two-year association that resulted in three pictures, the most important of which was 1947's Desperate (about a wrongly accused truck driver and his wife chased by both the police and the real criminals). The title captures an emotion that is increasingly paramount to his characters. Visually, Mann is moving deeper into the umbra and penumbra of the silver screen, becoming more technically comfortable with filming darkness, and more emotionally comfortable with his characters' darker sides.
Also in 1947, Mann arrived in the Hollywood gutter: Producers Releasing Corporation (PRC), previously home to one of the darkest, dirtiest, cheapest noir pictures of all time, the now-legendary Detour, directed by Edgar Ulmer. In her book, Anthony Mann (Wesleyan University Press), Mann scholar Jeanine Basinger explains then when Mann began working at PRC, the studio had recently merged with J. Arthur Rank, the British distribution company, to form a new studio.
In a move to upgrade the image of PRC, the old name was changed to Eagle-Lion International… The independence of Eagle-Lion afforded Mann the opportunity to keep on making inexpensive films, but to make them under a less studio-dominated atmosphere than he had found at Paramount, Universal, RKO, or even Republic… [F]ormal experiments were actively encouraged. (Basinger 30)
It is here that Mann matures as an artist, visually, dramatically, and thematically. 1947's Railroaded takes the common noir theme of "the wrong man" accused of a crime he did not commit, however Mann tells it from both the point of the view of the criminals who frame him and the police who attempt to bully and corner him into a conviction through logic and legality. Also made in 1947, T-Men tells the story of undercover treasury agents in pursuit of counterfeiters; it is most significant, however, for inaugurating Mann's collaboration with cinematographer John Alton. Mann and Alton shared a unified vision of deep black and blinding white, of canted cameras and lacerating shadows, of grotesque close-ups and shocking violence. Theirs is among the most famous and prosperous in film history, and virtually defines the art and style of film noir. Their collaboration continued in 1948 with two pictures: Raw Deal, a double-crossing jailbreak thriller, and He Walked By Night, one of the seminal films in establishing noir's documentary aesthetic. He Walked By Night follows the police step-by-step as they track a psychopathic cop killer through Los Angeles. Taking over for director Alfred Werker (who ultimately still received credit), Mann continued in the realist noir mode of Jules Dassin's The Naked City, but divested every last ounce of romance and drama from the genre in exchange for institutional procedure and documentary formalism. One of the film's co-stars, Jack Webb, was so smitten with the stylistic mélange that he recycled it into his own television series, Dragnet.
As Mann matured, his vision expanded beyond the inner city. 1949 brought about one of Mann's most audacious, and most exuberant, experiments, Reign of Terror, which brought noir to the French Revolution.
Mann's career was on the incline. Ascending all his previous way stations, Mann found himself employed at the glossiest of Hollywood studios, MGM. The films there, however, find a beautiful merger of sophistication and grit: Border Incident (about illegal immigration across the Mexican border) and Side Street (about a postman who gives in to temptation and steals a cache of money), both made in 1949.
As Mann's career continued to evolve, the American-born auteur heeded the call of Manifest Destiny and brought his noir vision to the most American of genres: the western. Devil's Doorway for MGM in 1950, The Furies for Paramount in 1950, and Winchester '73 for Universal-International in 1950. A 19th century thriller about an a assassination on Lincoln set aboard a train, The Tall Target, was made for MGM in 1951. It was the closest Mann would come to the noir thrillers from which his career began. Throughout the 1950s, Mann would stick mainly to Westerns, with the occasional digression into other generic territories. These westerns are amongst the most outstanding and singular in the entire genre, characterized by the same sadism, violence, intensity, and dark lighting motifs as his noir pictures of the 1940s. 1953's The Naked Spur, 1955's The Man From Laramie, and 1958's Man of the West surely belong on any list of the most significant westerns of all time. And just as the 1950s were the decade for westerns, the 1960s were for epics, such as El Cid, The Fall of the Roman Empire, and Spartacus (before he was fired and replaced by Stanley Kubrick). Mann's final picture saw the director heading in yet another direction, the Cold War espionage film, A Dandy in Aspic. Mann died of a heart attack during filming in 1967; star Laurence Harvey completed filming the production. Would this have set off another decade of inquiry into espionage? Or would, perhaps, it have lead back to the world of thrillers, subterfuge, and criminality from which Mann's career began?
Anthony Mann's westerns, the epics, and even the musicals, are deserving of further study. This feature, however, is devoted to those early pictures of Mann's career, the films noir where his career, style, and vision were born. Over the next week, we will explore some of the highlights of Mann's noiroutput. In conjunction with this series, we will be presenting Mann's groundbreaking docu-thriller, He Walked By Night, at 92YnTribeca on January 24th, 2013.
Introduction by Cullen Gallagher
By Cullen Gallagher, Victoria Large, Glenn Heath Jr., Lindsay Peters, and Briallen Hopper ©2013 NotComing.com
Strangers in the Night
1944Strange Impersonation
1946He Walked By Night
1948The Great Flamarion
1945Border Incident
1949Side Street
1947We don't do comments anymore, but you may contact us here or find us on Twitter or Facebook.


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Taking apart printers to salvage their motors and rods is a common occurrence in hacker circles, but how about salvaging the electronics? A lot of printers come with WiFi modules, and these can be repurposed as USB WiFi dongles. Tools required? And old printer, 3.3 V regulator, and a USB cable. Couldn't be simpler.
The Raspberry Pi has a connector for a webcam, and it's a very good solution if you need a programmable IP webcam with GPIOs. How about four cameras?. This Indiegogo is for a four-port camera connector for the Raspi. Someone has a use for this, we're sure.
The one flexible funding campaign that isn't a scam. [Kyle] maintains most of the software defined radio stack for Arch Linux, and he's looking for some funds to improve his work. Yes, it's basically a 'fund my life' crowdfunding campaign, but you're funding someone to work full-time on open source software.
Calibration tools for Delta 3D printers. It's just a few tools that speed up calibration, made for MATLAB and Octave.
[Oona] is doing her usual, 'lets look at everything radio' thing again, and has a plan to map microwave relay links. If you've ever seen a dish or other highly directional antenna on top of a cell phone tower, you've seen this sort of thing before. [Oona] is planning on mapping them by flying a quadcopter around, extracting the video and GPS data, and figuring out where all the other microwave links are.
PowerPoint presentations for the Raspberry Pi and BeagleBone Black. Yes, PowerPoint presentations are the tool of the devil and the leading cause of death for astronauts*, but someone should find this useful.
* Yes, PowerPoint presentations are the leading cause of death for astronauts. The root cause of the Columbia disaster was organizational factors that neglected engineer's requests to use DOD space assets to inspect the wing, after which they could have been rescued. These are organizational factors were, at least in part, caused by PowerPoint.
Challenger was the same story, and although PowerPoint didn't exist in 1986, "bulletized thinking" in engineering reports was cited as a major factor in the disaster. If "bulletized thinking" doesn't perfectly describe PowerPoint, I don't know what does.
As far as PowerPoint being the leading cause of death for astronauts, 14 died on two shuttles, while a total of 30 astronauts died either in training or in flight.


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Go Beavers!
Beaver recently moved into the Errol Creek Confluence site. Errol Creek is a tributary of Johnson Creek in Southeast Portland. Between 2007 and 2009, Environmental Services removed fish passage barriers to improve salmon habitat, day-lighting a section of the stream that used to be under SE 44th Avenue and providing more natural flood storage. Recently beaver have been at work there, building dams that enhance the project area. They have created a nearly half acre wetland and wonderful habitat for both juvenile salmon and amphibians.
It's an example of nature at work: beaver are some of the planet's finest engineers! Find out more about beaver and other local native wildlife here and at the Audubon Society of Portland.


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About 2 weeks ago I started having really annoying pain in the neck, shoulders and to lesser extent back. I think the immediate cause could have been sleeping in draught under inadequate cover and clothing. I went to an osteopath, but it made things worse :(
What should I do about exercises in this case? They seem to help immediately after (probably when the muscles are warm), but its seems to be worse afterwards (e.g. next morning). Should I train nevertheless? Or just do light stuff, e.g. strolls? Or try to move as little as possible? (I am still waiting for my doctor's appointment)
Also are there any creams or supplements that could help? Does massage or hot bath help (to get rid of it - it does bring some immediate relief)?
My overall fitness level is low at the moment, I was just trying to get back in shape :(