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LG G2 vs Google Nexus 5
Two LG-made Android smartphones square off as we ask: which is the better of the 5in flagships?
When you take two high-end smartphones manufactured by the same company and based on the same operating system, how much difference can there really be between the two?
The answer is, "Quite a lot of difference, actually." Read on to find out what they are, and which of these two LG-made phones the Korean company did the best job on.
Differences in design?
OK, OK, so there is one are where the two phones are pretty even Stevens: looks and design. Both are narrow-bezelled phones with screens around the 5in mark (more on those below) and from the front there's little to tell the difference between them (save the LG logo on the G2 – the Nexus 5 has an unadorned face).
Flip them over and things get a little more interesting. The Google Nexus 5 has a rubbery, matte-finish backside with a stamped 'Nexus' logo, which the LG G2 has a glossy plastic rear with centre-mounted camera and below it, a power/volume control button.
The button is a bold design decision from LG – one that doesn't really pay off, if we're being honest. You'll often find yourself accidentally increasing the volume when trying to turn off the phone and vice versa (luckily you can tap twice on the front to bring up the unlock screen).
The Nexus 5 is a little lighter than the G2 (130g versus 143g); both handsets are just under 9mm in depth. As we noted in our Nexus 5 review, it feels a little more pocket-friendly than the G2.
Both phones have a useful notification LED on the front, which pulses in different colours depending on the app about which it's notifying you.
Winner: The Nexus 5 takes this round for its slight portability edge and handsome backside.
Screen legends
The LG G2 boasts a glorious 5.2in full HD display with a pixel density of 423ppi, while the Nexus 5 has a 4.95in full HD screen with 445ppi. So there's barely anything between them here: the G2's is slightly larger, yes, but the Nexus 5's is a wee bit sharper.
There are some subtle differences it's worth noting, however. The Nexus 5's screen is a little cooler than the G2's, and some might even call it "washed out" at times. The G2 sports one of the richest, brightest and most vivid screens around at the moment, and offers great viewing angles too (better than the Nexus 5's), so we're going to give this round to LG's phone rather than Google's. But really, both have excellent displays.
Winner: So close. But the LG G2 shaves it.
Respect for the specs
The two phones share the same quad-core Qualcomm Snapdragon 800 CPU, running (more or less) at the same 2.3GHz speed. Both have 2GB of RAM and a choice of 16GB and 32GB models when it comes to built-in storage. Both have NFC and Bluetooth 4.0 (although only the G2 supports Low Energy). The G2 also comes with an IR blaster that, in tandem with an app, allows it to act as a remote control for pretty much any device.
Both, when you boil it down, are hugely capable and hugely powerful phones. There might theoretically be faster hardware out there, but in real world terms neither of these devices will struggle cope with any app you might care throw at them.
One area where the G2 moves ahead is battery life, however. Its 3,000mAh battery is a stonker: we managed to get a good 19 hours of normal use out of the phone before it dropped to five percent battery and we reached for the charger. The Nexus 5 has a 2,300mAh battery and, while it fares a little better than its fast-depleted predecessor the Nexus 4, it doesn't come close to touching the G2 (or Samsung Galaxy S4, for that matter) when it comes to longevity.
We should also mention music playback, because while the Nexus 5 is as good as pretty much any other phone out there, the G2 has an ace up its sleeve: support for 24-bit/192kHz Hi-Res Audio files. Whack in a pair of decent headphones and you can listen to studio master quality tunes.
Winner: The LG G2 for its battery and handful of additional features
READ MORE: Why you should be pumped about (and just a bit sceptical of) Hi-Res Audio
Cam showdown
The LG G2 sports a 13MP rear-facing camera with optical image stabilisation, and it's without a doubt one of the best smartphone snappers on the planet. The stabilisation helps immensely in dim, murky conditions – an area where phone cameras are traditionally at their worst – allowing you to capture sharper shots at night and indoors, even with the flash turned off. Colour reproduction is impressive too.
The Google Nexus 5 has an 8MP main camera that also comes with optical image stabilisation. It's a massive improvement over the disappointing Nexus 4 camera and provides lovely, sharp detail in low light (our review points out that it even compares favourably to the G2 in this regard). A recent software update gave it a speedy new autofocus and boosted the vibrancy and contrast of photos, but we do feel the G2's camera is better at accurately representing real-life colours.
On the video front, the G2 captures 1080p at a smooth 60fps while the Nexus 5 is limited to 30fps. Other than that both do a respectable job. We don't put too much importance on a smartphone's front-facing camera, but the G2's 2.1MP sensor has a slight edge over the Nexus 5's 1.3MP example.
Winner: We have to give this round to LG, although it's tighter than you might imagine
Android vs Android
The Nexus 5 sports Android 4.4.1 KitKat, the clean "stock" version of Android beloved by purists. And us. KitKat ushers in Google Now cards and voice search alongside a raft of more minor changes, and it's pretty glorious. As a personal assistant, Google Now has the beating of Apple's Siri – often because it seems to know what you want before you even search.
The G2 comes with Android 4.2.2 Jelly Bean, over which LG has pasted a skin of its own design. It's a bit cartoonish and over-egged (the transitions are particularly OTT) and aesthetes will definitely prefer the Nexus 5's less-is-more approach, but there are some nice touches here: eye-tracking pauses videos when you look away; the Clip Tray feature stores everything you've cut or copied in the past; and Guest Mode means you can hand off the phone to anyone without having to worry about them making in-app purchases or opening any apps you've restricted.
Winner: Close again, but we're going to give this one to the Nexus 5
Price – not so close
Without putting too fine a point on it, the Google Nexus 5 is an absolute bargain. It's a high-end flagship phone available unlocked and SIM free for £295, about £200 less than all its rivals. What's clear here is that Google isn't too bothered about making a profit from its hardware: it just wants to get people using Android and by extension Google services (through which the company makes all its money). And that's great if you're looking to by an Android phone anyway.
The LG G2 is £470 SIM free. So you can see why, despite it being a slightly better-equipped phone in several areas, it's always going to be difficult to recommend it over the Nexus 5. £175 is a significant difference.
Winner: No contest here – the Google Nexus 5 is a thrifty power-user's dream phone
This is a tough call, really. The two phones are similar in many ways (not too surprising when you consider they're built by the same company) yet there's a huge difference in price. The LG G2 is a stunning phone with some features you won't find anywhere else, while the Nexus 5 is marginally less powerful but possessed of a cleaner interface and a price that's incredibly tempting.
If we were choosing for ourselves and money weren't a factor, we'd opt for the LG G2. But if the price was key, we'd have to plump for the Nexus 5 – almost as good yet massively more affordable. The thing is, with these two phones, you can't really go wrong: whichever handset you choose, you're ending up with one of the very best smartphones on the planet.
READ MORE: Google Nexus 5 review
READ MORE: LG G2 review


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Gregg Rosenthal will watch every rookie quarterback snap this season and rank them weekly.
When I started this weekly rookie quarterback review, I didn't expect to be treated to the most successful, productive rookie class in NFL history. I never thought three first-year starters would make the NFL playoffs.
Brooks: Top QB draft prospects
How does the quarterback class shape up for the 2013 NFL Draft? Bucky Brooks ranks his top five senior prospects. **More ...**
For this week's episode, I'm going to deviate from the usual format of ranking on the previous week's performance only. Let's recap and rank the entire season, with a highlight clip from my favorite performance of the season.
RG3 had my Rookie of the Year vote two weeks ago. Nothing has changed my mind since. Griffin came into the NFL with veteran traits: consistency, smarts and great decision-making. He was efficient and accurate from Day 1. It's insane to see a rookie lead the league in fewest interceptions per throw and yards per attempt. His play-fakes and zone-read ability keyed the Redskins' No. 1 rushing attack.
Recurring themes: I went back and read my notes for the whole season looking for common threads. From the get-go, Griffin's speed stuck out, not just on his runs but how quickly he pulls the trigger on throws. His accuracy stands apart from the other rookies. He leads receivers well. He bounces up after taking big hits. His deep ball is a thing of beauty. He occasionally didn't know when to give up a play, which led to sacks and too many fumbles.
Throw in Griffin's 815 rushing yards and seven scores, and it wasn't that tough a decision to rank him first based on the entire season. Griffin's highs weren't as high as Andrew Luck or Russell Wilson's, but there practically were no dips in Griffin's play. Griffin ranked first for the week among rookies five times, which actually is once less than Luck. But RG3 was second another seven times. Only three times in 15 starts was Griffin not one of my top two quarterbacks for the week. For comparison, Luck finished third or lower seven times. Wilson was third or lower eight times. Griffin was the only rookie who didn't have a week where he finished fifth. Yes, this is all subjective, and I'm a massive dork.
He didn't have the longest runs, but I'd call Luck the flashiest rookie quarterback. He made the most "wow" plays during the season with his throws. He completed far more ridiculous throws than the other rookies because he tried so many. His confidence was unassailable, a huge strength that also worked as a weakness because of his interceptions. The Colts ran a very aggressive vertical offense from Day 1, putting an awful lot on Luck's plate. He slumped for much of the final six weeks with his accuracy, but overall, he was everything the Colts expected and more.
Recurring themes: Luck arguably has had as much running value as Griffin and Wilson because he picked up so many key first downs. His pocket movement was sensational. Luck overcome consistently awful protection. He was excellent in the 2-minute drill all season. He made young receivers like T.Y. Hilton and Dwayne Allen better. Luck was the best in the NFL at third-and-long situations. He made a ton of tough throws but also a lot of bad decisions where he forced things. His accuracy could waver, and he really slumped late in the season. All the hits he took appeared to add up. His first 10 weeks were stronger than his last six.
Luck narrowly gets the second spot over Wilson because of how much he meant to the Colts' offense. Wilson was a piece to the Seattle Seahawks' puzzle for much of the season before exploding down the stretch. Luck was the Colts offense for most of the year.
Seahawks coach Pete Carroll said it well. Early in the season, the Seahawks' offense was trying not to screw up. Wilson took charge of things by late in the season. No quarterback showed more progress during the year. Wilson's signature skill probably is his deep ball and ability to make something out of nothing when pressure seems to have him cornered.
Recurring themes: Wilson often left the pocket too quickly early in the year. He got far more calm as the weeks progressed. He makes quick decisions. He knows when to throw the ball away. His game is not based on improvisation, but he's fantastic at creating when he needs to. Wilson was consistently accurate. He learned how to find throwing lanes as the season progressed, and the Seahawks completed far more drop-back passes and mid-range throws. The tide started to turn in the Week 5 game against the Carolina Panthers, when Wilson began looking off safeties and identifying the blitz like a veteran.
In any other season, Wilson would be the Rookie of the Year. I'd take Wilson's 2012 campaign over any rookie season since at least Adrian Peterson in 2007. Wilson finished first in our weekly quarterback ranks four times (including a tie) in the final five weeks. It just took him a little longer to get going.
Tannehill really has been lost in the shuffle this season, which is a shame. He has shown enough to be a true "quarterback of the future" Dolphins fans and management can be excited about. His play and quarterback attributes are far better than his numbers. Tannehill did a great job considering the weapons around him. He wasn't nearly the project many expected.
Recurring themes: Tannehill stands in tall against pressure. He has a big arm and can throw a nice touch pass. He can throw well on the move to either direction, something the Dolphins didn't do enough of during the season. Tannehill had streaks of wildness, especially in the second half of the season. His bad games were true "rookie games" but he always bounced back. While he wasn't quite as steady as the rookies above, he had a lot of shining moments. His Week 12 comeback against the Seahawks was a thing of beauty. Tannehill was dealing against Luck and the Colts, too. Tannehill is not afraid to make tough throws and completed a lot of passes into tight windows under pressure.
I'm not ruling anything out when it comes to Tannehill, but I expect him to at least be a solid NFL starting quarterback. With a little more help around him, Tannehill can challenge the quarterbacks above in future years.
Weeden probably wasn't as bad as you think this season. But he didn't quite show enough to make the next decision-maker in Cleveland believe he's "the guy."
Harrison: Power Rankings
With the 2012 regular season in the books, what is the NFL pecking order? Elliot Harrison has a brand new No. 1. **More ...**
Recurring themes: Weeden's decision-making and movement in the pocket often were slow. He quickly got better against pressure and has a very strong arm. Weeden sprinkled in a few "wow" throws each week, but he wasn't quite consistent enough. His touch was erratic. He was not afraid to try to difficult throws, which was a positive trait. He didn't always show a great feel for the position like the players above.
A new coach might not be a terrible thing for Weeden. He'll have to earn playing time next season, but he never seemed like a great fit for Pat Shurmur's system. The Browns will continue to look for a quarterback.
Follow Gregg Rosenthal on Twitter @greggrosenthal.

subset: commoncrawl


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Guest blogger Laura Howard, EAIE vice-president
At the October 2013 Conference of the Americas on internationalization (CAIE), the audience listening to the plenary moderated by Francisco Marmolejo, Coordinator of Higher Education at the World Bank, was intrigued when Jamil Salmi, specialist in higher education, began his answer to the question of why Latin American universities are not well represented in rankings by talking about football.
So what is the connection?
Salmi pointed out that the world's top football teams have international players. Many also have international coaches or managers (Ancelotti in Real Madrid, Mourinho in Chelsea), even in the case of the national selection of some countries (Capello as the England coach). In their search for the best players, and for the right trainer, they look beyond their own backyard.
In Latin American universities, however, it is seldom the case that a university is led by a rector/president from another country – in some cases it is even expressly prohibited by law. This reflects a mindset that does not include a global perspective and therefore does not consider international candidates. It asks for a change of attitude, the willingness to look beyond national borders in the search for quality and excellence, to find the person with the right skill set. And this need is not limited to Latin America. This is not to say, by any means, that excellent candidates cannot be found on home ground. However, a university that appoints a rector from another country is giving a clear signal that it is embracing internationalisation, going beyond the search for international students and academic staff right to the institution's strategic centre, preparing itself internally for change. This comment brought to mind two thoughts:
The International Relations Office: the Messi and the Torres of the university
The first one concerns an issue that has been discussed by many EAIE members over the years. The International Relations Offices of our universities are often home to international staff, usually in a much higher percentage than in other areas of university administration and management. It would be interesting to explore and attempt to measure the specific contribution made by these professionals to the internationalisation process of their universities. They are the international players in our teams: the Messi and the Torres. And the added value they provide can serve as an example, as many of their skills would be transferrable to other aspects of university administration in an institution that embraces comprehensive internationalisation.
Mobility in football vs. higher education
The second concerns another advantage enjoyed by football teams – the ease with which international players can cross borders. Entry visas do not appear to be an issue when a team wants to sign up a new international player; they often enjoy special fiscal privileges and in some cases even citizenship to the country which wants them on their team is granted. Yet in the field of education, most higher education institutions struggle to get the necessary support for a coherent inter-ministerial policy which facilitates the entry of international students and staff – who as well as being a source of finance can contribute to the internationalisation process, and can help to improve the institution's place in the rankings.
It seems that the internationalisation of football is of greater strategic importance in many countries than the internationalisation of higher education. Lots of food for thought. What is the situation in your country?
PS. Update from Jamil Salmi: at the 2014 soccer world cup in Brazil, half of the 32 competing teams have a foreign coach…
PS2. This blog was first posted on the EAIE website on 28 October 2013.


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By all accounts, Taliban-style Islam did not set well with the Afghani people. Afghani Islam is rooted in the Sufi tradition, with an accepting attitude toward folk devotion, dancing and the human attributes of faith. Suicidal "martyrdom" is foreign to the Afghan mind, and there was widespread, if quiet, resistance to the puritanical tendencies of the Taliban.
I mention this because there is a tendency among Western commentators to identify the modern Islamist movement with Islam itself. In fact it is, historically, perhaps the harshest and most inhuman expression of that Faith. It is as if the Taborites, or other violent puritanical Christian sects, had become a dominant force in Christianity.
Islam has at times, been the bearer of advanced culture, with a fairly tolerant attitude toward the other "People of the Book", Jews and Christians. Indeed, Orthodox Christians at times preferred the "Turban" to the "Tiara"; ie, Islamic to western Catholic rule, as the Muslims tended to interfere less with their internal affairs. Of course, one can find plenty of examples of even these more humane forms of Islam behaving in oppressive ways, just as one can find plenty of examples of otherwise humane kinds of Christian rulers behaving sinfully, but the fact is most historic expressions of Islam make the Wahhabists and Jihadis look pretty narrow and brutal.
In fact, it seems that the human soul cannot long endure that which militates against human nature. The descendents of the New England Puritans became Unitarians, and who could have guessed a generation ago that Marxism would collapse of its own weight?
This of course does not negate the short-term danger of Wahhabist militancy, but it may give us a different perspective over the long run.
On the other hand, as in the case of the struggle against Marxism, perhaps the greater danger historically will be consumerist capitalism, which is seductive, rather than hostile, to fallen human nature.
The children of darkness seem to intuit this; Howard Stern has suggested, with all seriousness, that the way to defeat Islamist militants is to fund huge shipments of pornography to the Middle East, and for the American government to build strip clubs in Islamic countries.
And we wonder why they hate us?
--Daniel Nichols


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Saturday 9 February 2008
GYO #7 Dipping into the garden
I do use the herbs a little in my cooking – a bit of fresh thyme or chives in this, a bay leaf in that. But they are mostly subtle background notes. They don't often feature in my cooking because I don't like to use too much for fear of killing off my young plants altogether.
This week I had the pleasant problem of needing to use up some of the herbs. The mint has flourished (under the garden tap as recommended by my mum) to the extent that I was concerned it would either wilt or be eaten before I got to it. The rosemary is doing well and my mum has told me I need to trim it so it will be bushy. So here was my challenge – mint and rosemary.
In a doctors waiting room recently I saw a recipe for pea and bean dip in an old magazine but never got the details of the recipe. It was all the inspiration I needed. I recently made a pea pesto and was delighted by the taste and colour, so was keen to try peas in a dip again. Peas and mint are a classic combination so I thought I would try this. It worked wonderfully. The colour is a lovely green, the texture is chunky and the taste is fresh and light.
Once I had bought a tin of beans for my pea dip, I decided I only needed half of it, which mean I had leftover beans to use. A dip I have fancied lately is white bean and roasted garlic after my success with roasted garlic in a pea soup. I had also seen a rosemary and white bean dip some time ago that got my attention. But I had bought too many sweet potatoes for my Mexican croustade. The oven was already on for my moist bran muffins that I baked during the week, so I put the garlic and sweet potato in the oven to roast.
The initial version of this dip was a little sweet and bland. E helped with tasting. He recommended Tabasco because he thinks everything tastes better with a bit of Tabasco. I was so impressed with the addition of smoked paprika in my recent cheese, onion and potato bread, that I was keen to try it again. So I put in some chilli paste for E and smoked paprika for me. Now all the flavours melded so that the sum was greater than the individual parts. The end result was a dip that was smooth as velvet with deep smoky flavours and a little bite. I think I liked it better than the pea dip, although both are most pleasing.
I have been enjoying both dips on bread, toast, dry biscuits during the week. They are all the more satisfying for being my own creation and using herbs that I have nurtured in my own garden. I am glad to have used some of the herbs as we have had quite a bit of rain which means the plants will flourish and there will be even more to use.
I am sending these recipes to Andrea for her Grow Your Own event which celebrates cooking with homegrown products.
Pea, Bean and Mint Dip
1 cup frozen peas
½ x 400g tin of canellini beans (or other white beans)
1 handful mint
1 tbsp parmesan, grated
1 tsp lemon juice
Pinch salt
Good grind pepper
Put the peas in the microwave to thaw and heat a little. Drain and rinse the beans. Place all ingredients in food processor and blend to combine – it is fine if it is still just a little chunky. Check seasoning.
Smoky Sweet Potato and Bean Dip
2 small sweet potatoes (approx 200-250g)
½ bulb of garlic
½ x 400g tin of cannellini beans (or other white beans)
1 tsp rosemary, chopped
½ tsp chilli paste
¼ tsp smoked paprika
¼ tsp salt
Prick sweet potatoes with a fork and place in oven at 190 C for about an hour til soft and cooked through. Chop the tips off the garlic bulb and place on a square of foil. Spray with olive oil and bring up corners of foil to twist together to make a little foil bag. Place in oven for about 30 minutes or til garlic is soft. Drain and rinse beans.
Cool both sweet potato and garlic a little. Squeeze sweet potato out of its skin and squeeze garlic cloves out of skin. Place garlic and sweet potato in food processor with remaining ingredients til smooth. Check seasoning.
On the Stereo:
Travels in Constants vol 13: Appendix Out
7 comments:
- Anonymous10 February 2008 at 04:17
Oooh, the sweet potato/bean combo sounds wonderful to me. And lucky you, to have a herb garden. I've never attempted one, but in this new place, may try it out this summer (if it ever comes).
ReplyDelete thanks Ann - it was delicious
thanks Ricki - I thought of you with the sweet potatoes after your lucky comestibles series. I am sort of enjoying the herb pots between bouts of fear that all my plants will die! I am dreaming of increasing the garden next year if it is still going strong.
thanks holler - yes, pleasing colours indeed!What is it about men and Tabasco? My husband puts it on everything as well, I've even seen him put it on Thai food! Last year for our Anniversary, I bought him just about every Tabasco item imaginable from the Tabasco Country Store. I wrapped up this huge box containing individually wrapped Tabasco condiments as well as Tabasco candy, shirts, mugs, beer huggies, etc. I think it was the best present I ever gave him :)
Love your inventive dips, the mint and pea caught my attention and do sound like a great combination.thanks LisaRene - I am going to be checking out that tabasco site! I think one of E's favourite terms is Tabasco Fiasco - any excuse to use it! But I think maybe he is maturing as he used to put tomato sauce on everything and now he has graduated to tabasco which doesn't offend me so much - but I still insist he tastes food before dousing it!
Thanks for dropping by. I love hearing from you. Please share your thoughts and questions. Annoyingly the spammers are bombarding me so I have turned on the pesky captcha code (refresh to find an easy one if you don't like the first one)


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Her face has launched a thousand makeup products. She can sing "Call Me Maybe" better than Carly Rae Jepsen. She's an ardent marriage equality activist. Vogue cover girl. Sports Illustrated swimsuit star. Soon-to-be Nike front-woman.
In our eyes, supermodel Hilary Rhoda might as well be superwoman. And, because we love a multi-tasker who's got inspring style and the brains to back it up, we tapped Rhoda to show off a quartet of copy-now looks on the NYC streets and sit down for a frank chat on everything from the whole model weight thing to what it's really like to walk down a runway. Of course, no shoot with the classic American beauty would be complete without getting the scoop on her hair and makeup secrets — and we're already putting what we learned into effect. We hate to say the F word, but c'mon, this chick is flawless.
Hair: By Sasha Alekseyeva; Makeup: By Fere Shirvani for Estee Lauder


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4820.0.55.001 - Diabetes in Australia: A Snapshot, 2007-08
ARCHIVED ISSUE Released at 11:30 AM (CANBERRA TIME) 16/09/2011
Page tools: Print Page Print All | |||||
As diabetes is a chronic condition, people with diabetes use a variety of health services for diagnosis, advice, treatment and control of any associated complications [13]. A quarter of people with diabetes saw a general practitioner (GP) at least once a month (25%) for their condition, and around 2% saw a medical specialist as frequently. Overall, 88% of people with diabetes saw a GP at least once in the past year for their condition (slightly more than the national average of 81%), while 27% saw a specialist (Graph 9). Almost four out of five people with diabetes (77%) had discussed some form of self management of their condition with a GP or specialist in the last year. Document Selection These documents will be presented in a new window. |


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(CNN) -- The makers of a new and much-anticipated smartphone app called Color are operating on this principle: "We're all inherently voyeuristic," said Peter Pham, president and co-founder of the Palo Alto, California start-up.
Color, however, is a location-based, photo-sharing app that takes voyeurism to post-Twitter level by letting users see all of the photos that are being taken by strangers who happen to be within a 150-foot radius of the user's smartphone.
Photos taken through the app, which launches on Thursday morning, are public by default. They're stored on Color's servers and the company owns them, said Pham, who co-founded the 30-person company with Bill Nguyen, previously of Lala.com and a force to be reckoned with in the tech world.
Only other users of the app will have access to those photos, and only photos taken by people using the app will be shared.
Pham described the effect of using the app as a sort of bug-eye experience -- one where you're seeing the world through dozens of lenses at once. Imagine sitting in a restaurant and being able to see all of the photos that are being taken, or have been taken, by nearby patrons. This mosaic of photographs -- depicting the world within eyeshot -- shows up on the screen of your phone.
"Essentially, everybody is sharing one lens," said Pham.
They're also sharing a window into each other's personal lives. Color users can dive into nearby users' public photo "diaries," including photos that were shot at other locations or on other days.
"All these people that are near me, I can click on any one of them and take a look at their life and how they've used the app and their diary -- and what they look like," he said. "This is a completely open application."
Pham said Color is taking the Twitter concept to the next level. The app differs from other photo-sharing apps like Instagram and PicPlz in that it lets users see all of the public photos of everyone that's nearby. Those other apps operate off of friends' lists, even if the photos people post are technically public.
On Color, users don't even log in with an e-mail address or password.
The app certainly has the backing of tech's financiers. The company so far has received $41 million in investment, said Pham.
Other apps or websites that allow strangers to share photos and videos of themselves -- think Grindr, the gay dating app, or Chatroulette, the live online video chat that got tons of buzz last year -- have had problems keeping photos streams on the up-and-up. There's something that feels a little grimy about seeing the photos of dozens of strangers suddenly populating your screen, especially since you can't remove them from your feed.
Pham said vulgarity won't be a problem with Color because peoples' photo streams follow them throughout the day. So you wouldn't want to play a prank by posting a gross photo at a bar only to have your co-workers see this when you show up to work the next morning and they open the app.
As for privacy concerns, Pham dismissed those.
"If you don't feel comfortable having that public, then don't use our application," he said.
Color is free and will be available for Apple iOS and Google Android.
Friends -- and strangers -- can share photos between those operating systems without any trouble, said Pham.


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adidas // Samba Vegan Shoes 'Black White Brown'
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9/17/2007 - Michigan 38-0 Notre Dame - 1-2
"They're going to have to learn about us, OK? Let them try to stop a pro-style offense, which has multiple personnel groups and multiple formations. Let's see how they are going to do. They've had their advantage because I've come into recruiting late. Well, now it's Xs and Os time. Let's see who has the advantage now."
-Charlie Weis
This post isn't really about Michigan, because that game provided no more information about Michigan than the upcoming Eastern Michigan game will. When not blocked, they can sack; when not shed, they can run.
And thus the House of Weis comes crashing down. Notre Dame, in year three of the Weis regime, is 119th -- last -- in rushing, total offense, and scoring offense. The pass offense, Notre Dame's bright spot, is 115th. Notre Dame has been blown out by more than twenty points for the past five games. NDNation begins to turn in on itself, and even Stewart Mandel -- generally the last person to realize anything -- has caught on to the sleight of hand Weis parlayed into a ten year, 40 million dollar contract. Losing to Appalachian State seems like small potatoes in comparison.
Notre Dame partisans will tell you all about this year's senior class, they of the four contributors who are all marginal players at best, and point a finger at Ty Willingham's recruiting. They are not without reason here. Willingham's 2004 class was a dire melange of two-stars and guys overrated late because they decided to go to Notre Dame. It is dragging the program down. But this far? Notre Dame has a number of contributors left over from the 2003 class: four-year starting center John Sullivan, three-year starter Trevor Laws, probable NFL first-rounder John Carlson. All told there are fifteen seniors on the Notre Dame two-deep and all of them will be departing after this year. (I think a couple may be walkons, but there are at least 12 on scholarship.)
Dire numbers, these... or not. Michigan has nine scholarship seniors. Ohio State, terrifyingly, lists all of five seniors on their entire two-deep and will graduate three starters after this year. Three of the five seniors are fullbacks. Clearly, both of these teams are much better than Notre Dame -- as are your local Pop Warner runners-up -- despite not having a massive edge in experience. Youth cannot explain away Notre Dame's start.
What can? There is a compelling case to be made that Charlie Weis sucks at life and, by extension, football. This is the Notre Dame offensive line that has given up 23 sacks:
- C John Sullivan. Redshirt senior. A four-year starter; given four stars and ranked the #3 center in 2003.
- LT Paul Duncan. True junior. Three-star, #26 OT of 2005. Other finalists: UCLA, Oklahoma, LSU.
- LG Mike Turkovich. True junior. Three-star, #30 OT of 2005. Other finalists: Wisconsin, BC, LSU.
- RT Sam Young. True sophomore. Five-star all-everything recruit; returning starter.
- RG Dan Wenger. Redshirt freshman. Four-star Rivals 250 member; #3 center of 2006.
Meanwhile, erstwhile starting quarterback Demetrius Jones -- lauded as a great guy and one of the keys to Notre Dame's impressive 2008 recruiting class -- got benched and immediately bolted for Northern Illinois... or didn't, instead enrolling at NIU on September 4th but continuing to practice with the Irish until it was time to board the bus for Ann Arbor, at which point he moved out of the dorm without telling anyone. It's hard to think of a more vindictive way to leave a football team that doesn't involve kneecapping the starting quarterback on the way out.
In a vacuum, this could be considered the petulant act of a 19-year-old kid angry at losing his spot. But last year starting defensive end Ronald Talley left Notre Dame for I-AA Delaware for no apparent reason. And running back Darius Walker bolted for the NFL draft... at least in theory. He was passed over and everyone got in their mocking, but he looks like a genius now. This was a non-screwup of a kid leaving early for NFL prospects everyone knew were dim. (Zach Frazer's transfer was a clear "you're never playing here, kid" sort of thing that happens to most programs, but it's also faulty roster management that leaves ND with two scholarship quarterbacks.)
Anyone who's read this blog for more than a nanosecond knows what the upcoming explanation is going to be: Weis is a colossal asshole. Heck, anyone who's read one of his many ridiculously arrogant press conference quotes (the grand mother of them begins this post) or saw the embarassing 60 Minutes puff piece -- wherein Weis came off as a bully and a jackass -- when Notre Dame was returning to glory for the umpteenth time knows this. The only wonder is that the media spent the better part of 2.5 years pumping him up as Weis E. Coyote, Certified Super Genius, largely because Weis spent every available moment telling the media that he and his ACME catalog of incredibly sophisticated devices were worth a foolproof touchdown every game. Somehow I doubt even Tyrone Willingham would have Notre Dame scoring -7 points per game.
By god, if EDSBS can have a horrible photoshop of Dennis
Erickson driving a golf cart into a volcano, I can have this.
Erickson driving a golf cart into a volcano, I can have this.
The result of all these fantastic toys? Literally nothing. No touchdowns. No rushing yards. No hope. This implosion has to be laid at Weis' feet. Jeff Carroll of the South Bend Tribune brings forth an excellent point:
Weis sabotaged this season when he installed that gimmick offense for the opener. What that did, beyond chasing unloved Demetrius Jones to DeKalb, Ill., was rob valuable learning time from new starters who should have been absorbing the fundamentals of running Notre Dame's real offense.Weis either half-assed a spread offense and wasted some of his preseason prep time or really went for it, wasted all of his player's time, and junked it 30 minutes into the season. Either way it's a huge miscalculation borne of hubris, the one thing Weis has more of than lipids.*
He essentially flushed preseason practices down the drain, never to be recovered. Since then, the inexperienced offense has been scrambling to get up to speed, and it may never, at least not this season. But, again, that's a symptom, not the underlying problem. The main malady is that Weis thinks that because he can process complex schemes, his players can do the same in 20 hours a week.
Thus an odd situation to find oneself in: I kind of wish Notre Dame was better. Obliterating Notre Dame for the second consecutive year was a pick-me up, but it can only be so meaningful when Notre Dame is intent on snapping it to Tacopants and generally soiling itself whenever Michigan
- does something clever like run left, or
- does something clever like rush the passer.
So there is always this, even when you've just lost to Appalachian State: Notre Dame sucks and has sucked for 14 years. This offseason we will search the country high and low for a proven collegiate winner; Notre Dame is saddled with a maladjusted hunchback who they have given a ten-year contract for losing to USC.
*(it's a fat joke, sure, but it's a science-y fat joke.)
- But oh boy do I still have some problems with our coaching staff. Unless Henne is for-sure playing this week, Michigan's decision to spend the entire second half grinding away on the ground was ludicrous. We have a true freshman quarterback who may or may not be starting against Justin King and Penn State next week; we should have been throwing on every down as soon as the game hit 38-0. It might have drawn fire for being "classless," but this isn't Chad Henne out there. Every rep the kid can get against actual competition helps.
- I really hope Carlos Brown's problem is cast-related, but I don't know... visions of Max Martin dance in my head, minus all the bad-apple stuff.
- Johnny Sears gone, drugs, bye.
- What is the deal with James Rogers and Renaldo Sagesse getting playing time? And Zion Babb? Have we learned nothing from Prescott Burgess?
- On first glance the linebackers were vastly improved, especially Thompson, but I think much of that was never having to deal with blockers.
- I think we might be able to grind Penn State pretty good; last year we had a decently effective ground game and now they have a very young defensive line. Stats are good so far, but against FIU, Notre Dame, and Buffalo. (Note that even before this year, Penn State looked to have a horrible nonconference schedule with those three teams and Temple. The three non-ND teams were ranked #117, #118, and #119 among D-I football programs by ESPN; with the Irish collapse Penn State may have the worst nonconference schedule of all time.)
- Mallett: meh performance, but I love his enthusiasm:
- There is a season to have if Penn State is defeated. That's the nice bit of being in a conference.
- No shirking from BGS' Dylan, who steps up to the plate and takes it like a man with... uh... two sentences:
You are what your record says you are, and right now you're an 0-3 football team, and that's not good enough.
Good game, mister. Glass houses.
Not by a damn sight. - Ladies... oh yes, ladies...


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Rugby Football Union chief executive Ian Ritchie has rejected the proposal that England's crunch 2015 Rugby World Cup pool match against Wales should be played in Cardiff.
England are the host nation of the tournament but the RFU's bid included the prospect of the Millennium Stadium being used for up to eight matches, including two quarter-finals. England and Wales were drawn together alongside Australia in the World Cup's pool of death, with the likelihood of them being joined by Fiji as Oceania qualifiers.
After the draw, Welsh Rugby Union boss Roger Lewis suggested Wales should play England at the Millennium Stadium because "it is the finest rugby stadium in the world". Ritchie's response to the WRU was a polite thank you but no thank you - and that is the message he will take to the board of England Rugby 2015, who will make the final decision on venues.
"We have a very nice home of our own and I would hope very much we would contemplate playing the match here," said Ritchie, who is overseeing a £76million upgrade of Twickenham.
"With our modest little stadium here at Twickenham, with the further investment we might be able to make it into a decent spot to play rugby.
"We equally believe we are very good hosts here and that we could hold a decent game here and would very much want to do that. Shock, horror and astonishment that I would suggest that!
"We will not get a better opportunity to inspire people to play rugby, be volunteers and participate in rugby.
"We are putting the building blocks in place to make sure we can take the most advantage of having the World Cup."


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Israel is deeply concerned that Syrian chemical weapons could end up falling into the hands of the Lebanese group Hizbullah should Bashar al-Assad's regime collapse, according to current and former Israeli officials.
The scenario is one of several that Israel's security establishment has gamed out in internal deliberations recently, in trying to assess the wider impact of Syria's spiraling protest movement. Under another scenario, Assad might resort to desperate measures should his grip on power slip, such as firing chemically tipped rockets at Israel.
Although it's not unusual for Israeli security officials to prepare for a range of possibilities on its tense borders, the deliberations in this case reflect the deep anxiety Israel feels over uprisings across the Arab world that have already overturned three regimes.
"The danger is that the situation in Syria will deteriorate to a point where there will be an absence of an orderly transfer of authority from one power base to another," says former Mossad intelligence chief Efraim Halevy.
"In this kind of situation, the immediate danger is that concentrations of weaponry, including chemical weapons, will fall into Hizbullah's hands," he tells The Daily Beast, echoing the remarks of officials who did not want to be quoted referring to sensitive discussions.
Halevy says another concern is that Syria would break up as a state, creating a power vacuum that could be filled by "nonstate actors"—a reference to groups like Hizbullah and Hamas.
Israel has fought three all-out wars with Syria and remains adversarial with the Assad regime over the fate of the Golan Heights, which Israeli forces captured in 1967. Though the border between the two countries has been mostly quiet for years, in neighboring Lebanon, Syria is widely believed to be arming Hizbullah, which regularly threatens to strike at Israel.
The Islamic group fired thousands of rockets at Israel during a monthlong war in 2006. Having chemical weapons at its disposal would allow Hizbullah to project significantly more power in the region and likely raise the prospects of a new war.
It also would mark the first time a nonstate actor—in this case, a group classified by the United States as a terrorist organization—gets its hands on weapons of mass destruction in large quantities.
Syria has never acknowledged possessing weapons of mass destruction, but experts say its arsenal includes thousands of chemical-laden artillery shells and missile warheads.
Leonard Spector, who directs the James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies in Washington, D.C., says Western intelligence agencies probably have only a vague idea of where the arsenal is stored and who guards it, making it difficult to prevent leakage.
"We don't know where everything is, and there's no obvious way to destroy these things or parachute teams in to intercept them," he says. "It would be a very big enterprise."
A large-scale attempt to move the weapons would likely be visible to Western satellites, he says. But the theft of a few hundred shells or warheads would be much harder to detect.
"It's not clear if the soldiers protecting these sites … would see responsible stewardship as their mission or would flee, fearing they would be condemned [by the protesters] along with the rest of the regime," Spector says.
In the best-case scenario, he says, Assad's regime would give way peacefully to an elected government that would voluntarily dismantle the weapons.
But Itamar Rabinovich, who served in the 1990s as Israel's lead negotiator in peace talks with Syria and is the former president of Tel Aviv University, says Assad should not be counted on to go quietly.
"My advice to Israeli policymakers would be to take these scenarios seriously," he tells The Daily Beast. "Suppose that Assad knows he has a few hours left. He may decide to go down in a blaze of glory and fire the missiles in all directions, including at Israel."
Rabinovich says Israel must communicate "strong messages" to Assad that would reduce his incentive to lash out.
Asked if that means making clear to Assad he would personally be targeted if he orders an attack on Israel, Rabinovich says: "Exactly."
Israeli officials are divided over whether Assad can survive the uprising, in which regime forces have so far killed at least 5,000 civilians.
Defense Minister Ehud Barak said last week that the Syrian ruler had just weeks left in power. But others believe that without the kind of Western military support that helped end Muammar Gaddafi's reign in Libya, Assad could survive for months or even years.


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Norman Ornstein is the in house pet liberal at the American Enterprise Institute who they let out of his cage once in a while to lament the free market, conservatives, and the like. I'm not sure why groups like the Heritage Foundation and the American Enterprise Institute ever allow their supposed scholars to team up with the Brookings Institute, but whenever they do it results in intellectual underwear stains for both organizations. In today's quasi-bipartisan inane ramblings, Norman Ornstein of the American Enterprise Institute and Thomas Mann of the Brookings Institute want the Washington Press Corps to know the GOP is extremist, destroying the country, and they should all stop paying attention to the GOP or treating them with balance.Nothing says marginal extremism like holding the US House, most statehouses, most governorships, and a plurality of national party ID.
Now, we know their target audience is the press corps because they write
Our advice to the press: Don't seek professional safety through the even-handed, unfiltered presentation of opposing views. Which politician is telling the truth? Who is taking hostages, at what risks and to what ends?
This is a growing trend among left-wingers. They have not won the arguments. In fact, Ornstein and Mann take 1,998 words to make sure we know the left has been wholly unsuccessful in its agenda. So what Ornstein and Mann resort to in response is
The GOP has become an insurgent outlier in American politics. It is ideologically extreme; scornful of compromise; unmoved by conventional understanding of facts, evidence and science; and dismissive of the legitimacy of its political opposition.
It's kind of like how they refused to compromise on their healthcare plan and insisted on parliamentary gimmicks to ram it through Congress, cooked the books to make it look like it would cut the deficit, chose to ignore facts not in dispute since Adam Smith wrote Wealth of Nations back in the 1700's, and tried to paint their opposition as wanting to put women back in kitchens, blacks back in chains, and old people in the grave.Oh wait . . . that'd be the Democrats who did that when they controlled Congress and the White House at or near filibuster proof levels for two years and did nothing to fix the economy, but chose instead to wreck private healthcare in America.Ornstein and Mann are all upset at Allen West for comparing the Progressive Caucus in the House to the Communist Party — an accurate comparison considering how the groups are so closely aligned in their publicly stated agenda.For 1,998 words, Ornstein and Mann chronicle Republican successes since 1994 and view it all as bad. The drive to reduce government is viewed as bad government. Republican ideas are viewed as unworthy of consideration or fair treatment by the press.This, in fact, is the point to pay attention to in it all.The American Press Corps leans left and does so objectively. Consider, in the past few years, the number of journalists who went to work for Barack Obama. Consider, in the past few years, the number of journalists who have moved from left-wing organizations into the mainstream or who have spouses who work for left-wing groups. I can think, offhand, of a number of very prominent journalists in Washington who are married to pro-abortion advocates, DNC and left-wing political operatives, etc. The press does lean left.The way the press has tried to get around its biases is to state both positions as fairly as possible. Now, even so the press fails miserably often intentionally putting a female pro-abortion activist against a male pro-life activist even though there is a ready supply of female pro-life advocates ready to go on TV.But the press takes the approach they ridicule Fox News for taking — being fair and balanced. Left-winger says X and cites these facts. Right-winger says Y and cites these facts. You decide. They'll reveal their biases in who they use for those facts and how they give treatment to them.Consequently, left-wingers are upset. Their ideas have been rather unsuccessful since around Ronald Reagan's election and have been declining ever since. Now we're starting to see a new trend in journalism.First is the belief Ornstein and Mann peddle:
The GOP has become an insurgent outlier in American politics. It is ideologically extreme; scornful of compromise; unmoved by conventional understanding of facts, evidence and science; and dismissive of the legitimacy of its political opposition.
They cite a liberal's research that conservatives think differently from liberals and make the blanket determination that the liberals' "facts" are the real facts.An example would be taxes. To the simple minded liberal, raising taxes increases revenue to the federal government in an amount capable of solving our debt problem. They ignore that cutting taxes can generate enough economic growth to generate new revenue into the treasury as we saw during the Reagan years. Liberals view the Reagan deficits as proof tax cuts don't work and ignore the excess growth in government defense spending during the time.Another example would be global warming. Conservatives and the American public at large have failed to buy into politically correct notions of global warming and the left views this as a terrible thing.The list is pretty extensive and those are just two examples. Because conservatives have been so successful, Ornstein and Mann first must label them out of touch with facts and science and then do what the left has been trying since Barack Obama took office — silence dissent.
We understand the values of mainstream journalists, including the effort to report both sides of a story. But a balanced treatment of an unbalanced phenomenon distorts reality. If the political dynamics of Washington are unlikely to change anytime soon, at least we should change the way that reality is portrayed to the public.Our advice to the press: Don't seek professional safety through the even-handed, unfiltered presentation of opposing views. Which politician is telling the truth? Who is taking hostages, at what risks and to what ends?Also, stop lending legitimacy to Senate filibusters by treating a 60-vote hurdle as routine. The framers certainly didn't intend it to be. Report individual senators' abusive use of holds and identify every time the minority party uses a filibuster to kill a bill or nomination with majority support.Look ahead to the likely consequences of voters' choices in the November elections. How would the candidates govern? What could they accomplish? What differences can people expect from a unified Republican or Democratic government, or one divided between the parties?
It is a soft form of the liberal fascism about which I've been warning. The GOP must be painted as extremist by the press, their point of view must be painted as fringe, and they must be shut up because they are too damn successful.The sad thing is, there are a number of Republican Leaders in Washington who agree and wish conservatives would just send them money, but otherwise shut up.


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Trying to control, or even manage, your online reputation is becoming increasingly difficult. And much like the fight by big labels against the illegal sharing of music, it will soon become pointless to even try. It's time we all just give up on the small fights and become more accepting of the indiscretions of our fellow humans. Because the skeletons are coming out of the closet and onto the front porch.
We'll look back on the good old days when your reputation was really only on the line with eBay via confirmed, actual transactions and LinkedIn, where you can simply reject anyone who leaves bad feedback on your professional life.
Today we have quick fire and semi or completely anonymous attacks on people, brands, businesses and just about everything else. And it is becoming increasingly findable on the search engines. Twitter, Yelp, Facebook, etc. are the new printing presses, and absolutely everyone, even the random wingnuts, have access.
That picture of you making out with two guys in college up on Facebook. Or perhaps doing a bong hit after winning a few Olympic gold medals. The random slam against your restaurant anonymously left by the owner of the competitor around the corner. The Twitter flame about how bad a driver you are, complete with a link to a picture of your license plate.
And it's about to get a lot worse. Next week a startup is launching that's effectively Yelp for people (look for our coverage in a few days). If someone has something good or bad to say about you, they'll be able to do it anonymously and with very little potential legal or social fallout.
We've seen services like this in the past. Rapleaf and iKarma come to mind. But they were flawed – Rapleaf now collects and sells data about people, and iKarma seems to be little more than a realtor focused service. Another service, Gorb, has vanished completely.
But something tells me this new service, or some other one, might succeed where the others have failed. We're primed and ready now and have lots of experience publishing all those random opinions about people and things on Twitter, Yelp and Facebook already. It's time for a centralized, well organized place for anonymous mass defamation on the Internet. Scary? Yes. But it's coming nonetheless.
This has been on my mind for a long while now. Our minds haven't evolved much over the last few thousands of years, but the spread of quick fire opinions is now moving at the speed of light and forever findable on the Internet. We're still wired to think of gossip as something that spreads quietly behind the scenes, and relatively slowly. But we're already in a world where it's all completely public, there are few repercussions to the person spreading it, and it is easily searchable. No wonder people freak out. We're fish out of water.
Sure, we've evolved a legal infrastructure to deal with libel, slander and defamation. Those laws worked well in an era of the printing press, and sort of stretched to cover radio and television. But they are as ineffective against the Internet as copyright laws are in battling music piracy.
Other services like Reputation Defender have launched to try to help people manage their online reputations. It can be somewhat effective unless your name gets into the press, which doesn't back away easily from the stuff they publish. It's relatively easy to bully someone into taking down that Twitter rant, or even that Facebook photo, with an official looking email or letter threatening legal action.
But it's much harder to get that stuff off of services that exist to publish that information. Businesses freak out over a bad Yelp review but can do little to stop it. Imagine how you'll feel when the top result for your name is a site that includes "reviews" of you by anonymous people who know you.
Sure, lots of feedback will be positive. But piss someone off at work and you'll have "Sketchy and unethical in the workplace" pop up about you. And it will be there forever. Heck, your great-great-grandchildren will be reading it long after you're gone.
So What Happens Next?
We're going to be forced to adjust as a society. I firmly believe that we will simply become much more accepting of indiscretions over time. Employers just won't care that ridiculous drunk college pictures pop up about you when they do a HR background search on you.
Anyone who rises quickly in a corporate environment will have people complaining about you all the way up, and it will be easily findable via search. Basically, if someone doesn't like you, even just for a moment, they'll have the chance to hit you with an ambiguous but damaging anonymous statement. And it will be vague enough to stop any lawyer dead in her tracks from trying to get it removed, or from even learning the identity of the person who left the comment.
So what will matter? Hard proof of being a bad person. Criminal records. Non-anonymous and clear statements of wrong doing that need to be addressed. Perhaps a picture of you actually committing a violent felony. That kind of thing.
But the nonsense we're all worried about today? I just don't think it will carry the same weight in a few years. Because if there are pictures of the person hiring you smoking pot in college online, and there are pictures of every other candidate smoking pot in college online, it just won't be a big deal any more.
And the kind of accusations that can kill a career today will likely be seen as a badge of honor, and a sign of an ambitious individual who has pissed off a few people along the way.
At least that's what I hope will happen. Because there are a few pictures of me in high school and college that I'm tired of trying to keep off the Internet. Let's just get it all out there sooner rather than later, and move on.


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LSU paleoclimatologist Kristine DeLong contributed to an international research breakthrough that sheds new light on how the tilt of the Earth affects the world's heaviest rainbelt. DeLong analyzed data from the past 282,000 years that shows, for the first time, a connection between the Earth's tilt called obliquity that shifts every 41,000 years, and the movement of a low pressure band of clouds that is the Earth's largest source of heat and moisture -- the Intertropical Convergence Zone, or ITCZ.
"I took the data and put it through a mathematical prism so I could look at the patterns and that's where we see the obliquity cycle, that 41,000-year cycle. From that, we can go in and look at how it compares to other records," said DeLong, who is an associate professor in the LSU Department Geography & Anthropology.
With research collaborators at the University of Science and Technology of China and National Taiwan University, DeLong looked at sediment cores from off the coast of Papua New Guinea and stalagtite samples from ancient caves in China. DeLong's data analysis revealed obliquity in both the paleontological record and computer model data. This research was published in Nature Communications on Nov. 25.
The standard assumptions about how the variations in the Earth's orbit influences changes in climate are called Milankovitch cycles. According to these principles, the Earth's tilt influenced ice sheet formation during the Ice Ages, the slow wobble that occurs on a 23,000-year cycle as the Earth rotates around the sun called precession affects the Tropics and the shape of the Earth's orbit that occurs on a 100,000-year cycle controls how much energy the Earth receives.
"This study was interesting in that when we started doing the spectral analysis, the 41,000-year tilt cycle started showing up in the Tropics. That's not supposed to be there. That's not what the textbooks tell us," DeLong said.
This finding shows that the tilt of the Earth plays a much larger part in ITCZ migration than previously thought, which will enable climate scientists to better predict extreme weather events. Historically, the collapse of the Mayan civilization and several Chinese dynasties have been linked to persistent droughts associated with the ITCZ. This new information is critical to understanding global climate and sustainable human socioeconomic development, the researchers said.
Additionally, climate scientists have begun to recognize that rather than shifting north and south, the ITCZ expands and contracts, based on this information.
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A Vision of Britain Through Time
edited by: Paula Aucott
Portsmouth, University of Portsmouth, 2009
University of Aberdeen
Date accessed: 26 February, 2024
I recall a discussion with my supervisor at the outset of my postgraduate research about whether I should use a database to organise my findings. I was nudged not to follow in her Linnaean footsteps with an index card system. Her tale of laying out thousands of cards on her office floor and connecting them with lengths of coloured string in order to visualise linkages drove the point home. The development of database technology has spectacularly expanded our ability to make sense of the world, and it is nothing new to observe that this applies as much to the study of the humanities and social sciences as it does to other fields.
Of course, accurate cartography has a much older pedigree than electronic data analysis. In the 1340s William Rede, a fellow of Merton College, calculated the geographical coordinates of Oxford and, in the next decade, these measurements seem to have allowed a highly precise representation of the area around the city to be rendered in the Gough Map of Great Britain.(1) This may be said to be the earliest surviving evidence of accurate spatial mapping on this island.
The union of accurate mapping with the power of databases to categorise pieces of information – and then to ask complicated questions about the relationships between those pieces – spawned Geographical Information Systems (GIS). While GISs have been a very familiar tool in the geosciences since at least the 1970s, their application to historical records and research has really only come about in the last two decades (2) , as just one aspect of a wider growth in 'digital humanities' research, evident in networks like the Alliance of Digital Humanities Organizations (http://digitalhumanities.org) and arts-humanities.net (http://www.arts-humanities.net). The more specific field of Historical GIS has coalesced in recent years in gatherings coordinated by the Historical GIS Research Network (http://www.hgis.org.uk) in the UK, and abroad in conjunction with international humanities and social science GIS networks.
It is in this milieu that the Great Britain Historical GIS (GBH-GIS) Project (http://www.gbhgis.org) emerged. The lead scholar in this project is historical geographer Dr Humphrey Southall, and since 2001 the project has been hosted by the Department of Geography at the University of Portsmouth. A Vision of Britain Through Time (hereafter Vision of Britain) is a web-based portal of the GBH-GIS Project. It is important to be clear that this portal is not a GIS in itself; rather, the GBH-GIS is what runs underneath it.(3) In July 2009 Vision of Britain was re-launched as a 'second edition' of the original site which first appeared in 2004, and it is this new edition that is the subject of the present review (the older version now having been replaced entirely).
The resources on hand are impressive. The site's header proclaims it to be 'a vision of Britain between 1801 and 2001. Including maps, statistical trends and historical descriptions' [sic]. The designers boast further that the site 'draws on and connects over 12 million historical facts, maps, observations and images to show how life has changed in some 15,000 British towns and villages over the past 250+ years'.(4) There is a boggling range of information at first arrival, and this is arranged under several headings: A 'places' search facility, and sections featuring historical maps, a statistical Atlas, census reports, travel writing, and 'learning resources'. Reviewing a website opens a number of possible avenues of approach, and what follows will narrate a clutch of illustrative interactions with Vision of Britain, chiefly through these headings. In this way, I think it is worth pointing out even comparatively minor issues of concern because evolving online resources such as these, unlike printed books, may still be works in progress. My intention is to offer constructive criticism.
Places are understood in a complicated way by this website, and an example will help to illustrate. Type the postcode HS3 3BG into the 'places' search facility on the home page and you will be taken to the associated point location on the Isle of Harris. However, this location is not identified as within the village of Tarbert. Instead you will be informed that it falls within the modern Scottish district of Eilean Siar. Now, type 'Tarbert' in to the same search facility and you will be disappointed: no such place is found. The problem is that the system is based not on a list of places, but on administrative units. The results display explains that searchable places from the home page are confined to a short-list 'of the main towns, villages and localities of Britain which we have kept as simple as possible'.(5) This simplified list, in turn, is derived from the underlying GIS of administrative units (hereafter AUs). Thus, for someone searching for Tarbert, Harris, the closest place findable from the home page search is in fact Stornoway, Lewis. This will seem a rather counterintuitive and roundabout approach for those users more familiar with searching in various online street map programmes. However, that said, for more populous regions, smaller places are findable in this simplified search: Bradfield, Essex, or Castle Rising, Norfolk, by way of example.
Conceptually, the GBH-GIS is based on an 'administrative unit ontology' which is restricted by its own definition: the system is a virtual construction of the geographical entities which are legally defined as units of governmental administration, both current and historical. The major source used for these units in England at least is Youngs' Guide to the Local Administrative Units of England (Royal Historical Society, 1979 and 1991). A great advantage of working with AUs is that it allows relevant governmental and social data and statistics to be linked to the geographical entity in question, such as a county or parish. A great disadvantage is the cumbersome place search mechanism just described. Moreover, there is no ability to go beyond the scaffolding of governmental AUs, to look at less-clearly defined entities, for instance regions like the Midlands, the Home Counties, the West Country, or Scotland's Central Belt. What is more, there is no real explanation or discussion of what Vision of Britain means by 'place', as a type of geographical entity. Places seem to be defined by the AU ontology, but it would be helpful to find comment on how the underlying GIS understands and identifies places (and locations), for instance to compile the simplified short-list just mentioned.(6)
The results display for a failed search offers a clear explanation of alternative options: a search for 'Bermondsey', for instance, will suggest a direct search of the site's gazetteer of AUs, noting the existence of the rural deanery of Bermondsey (within the archdeaconry of Southwark), and the sanitary district of the same name (within London). It will also suggest a direct search of the digitised text of three nineteenth-century descriptive gazetteers. These are Wilson's Imperial Gazetteer of England & Wales (1872), Bartholomew's Gazetteer of the British Isles (1887), and Groome's The Ordnance Gazetteer of Scotland (1885). I believe the first two of these are digitised by Vision of Britain for the first time, but the latter – still a standard reference work – has previously been digitised by the online Gazetteer for Scotland (http://www.geo.ed.ac.uk/scotgaz). These historical gazetteers are a major source of information on the site, yet they seem to be an add-on feature; not part of the AU ontology, but linked to it. Their inclusion is indicative of the designers' need to provide some basis for detailed place-name searching. Not many visitors will automatically think to look for the name of an urban sanitary district. Yet even the links between these historical gazetteers and the AU ontology can prove cumbersome: Whereas a search for 'Cardiff' (in head words, anywhere in Britain), returns two hits both linked to the corresponding AU of Glamorgan, the term 'Wetheral' returns a further pair of hits, but only one correctly puts this place in the AU of the pre-1889 ancient county of Cumberland, the other puts it in Northumberland. It seems that this confusion is due to the limitations of the textual mark-up which has misinterpreted part of the entry in Wilson's Imperial Gazetteer.
A final point on places in Vision of Britain: the website hardly confines its AU ontology to Great Britain. Rather, a search for 'Tarbert' in the historical gazetteers returns four hits, one of which is for Tarbert in Kerry, Ireland. Pursuing the AU hierarchy into which this place is tied through the unit history link, reveals not only that some statistical material (more on this below) is incorporated for Ireland before 1922, but that Ireland and the UK are both AUs within 'The Isles', which is within 'Europe', which in turn is within 'The World' – the system's ultimate root unit. Europe is then broken down into 9 continental organisation AUs, 6 sub-continent AUs (including The Isles), and 107 state-level AUs. All of these break down further: The future ambitions and possibilities for the GBH-GIS Project seem global in scale. Yet all this, and its rationale, is not made plain to the visitor. It would seem that this is indicative of a more fundamental haziness of purpose and coherence in the scope of this resource, a point to which I shall return.
Vision of Britain presents plenty of historical maps. These are furnished in two ways. Oddly prominent on the home page is a link to another website produced by the GBH-GIS Project, entitled the 'Land of Britain'. That external site assembles land use surveys from the 1930s to the 1990s and presents layer-able maps of these surveys along with other maps for the Brighton and Hove area as an exemplar. This is certainly an interesting enterprise, but it remains an unfinished aside, 'just a demonstration of what could be done' (7) , and it is not clear why this link should be given such prominence on the main site. The other (and more significant) way is the historical mapping section of Vision of Britain itself. This offers a selection of map series supplied by repositories like the British Library, the National Library of Scotland, and the Environment Agency. Included are three land use surveys (from the 1920s to the 1940s), thirteen British boundary series (Ordnance Survey and Boundary Commission Reports from 1803 to 1949), and ten topographical series (certain Ordnance Survey series from 1805 to 1948, and British War Office Maps covering Europe from the 1940s and 1950s). Again, a rationale for the European maps is not given, but nevertheless the cartographical feast is wonderful. Individual sheets covering particular areas can be visually selected from a simple 'index' map (provided by OpenStreetMap), and then opened in a new viewing window which is very useable. All maps are 'slippy', that is, with the ability to pan just by grabbing and sliding the image. It is all too easy to get distracted for hours on end simply browsing this visual collection.
Census reports, dating from 1801 to 1961, are another main feature of the site. These are not the census data for individuals, but the information published in the aggregate reports. The full text of selected abstracts, preliminary reports, and general reports for England and Wales is made available and searchable. Helpfully, the text of The Guide to Census Reports: Great Britain 1801–1966 (1977) is also presented. The real substance of this part of the site is in the selected tables supplying data from these reports, typically covering population and households. This is a potentially valuable single-stop collection of empirical data for a social science researcher. Unfortunately, it is not very clear exactly what is actually available. Tables in a number of reports appear to be listed, but without any data supplied (for example, 'Population Tables I' from the 1851 Census (8) , Table 3 'Population, Acreage, Private Families and Dwellings' for Berkshire from the 1921 Census (9) , or any data at all for the 1939 national registration reports (10) , to name just a few lacunae). Yet a user may learn from filled tables that there were 47,341 private households in Flintshire in 1961 (11) , or read the report on the occupations of the blind in 1891.((12)
Vision of Britain uses the census data as a major component of its statistical Atlas. It is these statistics, pinned to different AUs which are really the original core of the GBH-GIS, so the authors explain.(13) Statistical information across ten themes is projected on to a standard map of Britain, which colour-codes (but does not label) the different AUs for which data is reported. Other sources here include measures like surveys of schools, and censuses of religion and agriculture, but it is not clear exactly from where the data for particular statistical maps are drawn, a major limitation for academic and other research users. The information is very much about historical human geography: Themes cover population, industry, social structure, language and learning, agriculture and land use, births and deaths, employment and poverty, housing, roots and religion, and political life. One can call up a projection for different years of sheep per acre by Scottish county (14) , or of male unemployment.(15) It is here that comparisons can be drawn with Vision of Britain's American cousin, Social Explorer (16), a demographics website presenting aggregated U.S. census data through online map projections. The free edition of Social Explorer compares favourably in terms of its usability (for example, its labelled base map does not change with each projection, unlike the maps in Vision of Britain which may frequently include blank areas in the map where no data exist, which tends to distort). In its favour, Vision of Britain provides analytical discussions of varying length (never more than a few paragraphs) appended to most statistical maps, which offer helpful context and explanation.
Perhaps the most interesting aspect of the statistical Atlas is the inclusion of election results and voter turnout data under the 'political life' theme. This is a major new addition to the re-launched site. These data are for all general elections and by-elections to the UK Parliament since 1833. A brief synopsis of each election and pie charts for votes and seats are provided. Elections data is linked to particular AUs representing parliamentary constituencies, and can be approached in two ways: either from the main elections page for a national overview (projecting voting patterns just as on the statistical maps), or through the historical statistics linked to a particular constituency. The first way will clearly be a useful tool for teaching. There are pie charts of aggregate data for votes and seats won by each party, and the map projections are a ready means of illustrating voting patterns across Great Britain as, for example, with the general elections of 1979, 1983, 1987 and 1992, when Scotland's Central Belt maintained a strong Labour vote, by contrast with fluctuating Tory success elsewhere in Scotland. Equally, a strongly Liberal vote in eastern Scotland throughout the 19th century is readily visualised. In the second approach to this data, charts can be displayed for a given constituency, for instance to show the percentage of the vote going to nationalist parties in Aberdeen North since the 1940s, compared with the rest of Great Britain. These charts are clear and usable, with the major exception that the colour contrast between the trend-lines is a very subtle difference between two shades of red. Two distinct primary colours would make things much more readable. Of more significant concern is that, for the 19th-century elections data, it is unclear whether Ireland is included in the aggregate results.
Quite unrelated to the rest of the website's largely statistical focus is a significant section on travel writing. The text of publications by 16 well-known travellers (including William Camden, Celia Fiennes, Charles Wesley, and William Cobbett), accompanied by a selection of six 19th-century 'artisans and agitators' (Feargus O'Connor the best known among them) is presented. It is a collection that continues to grow – four of the former writers were added only in December 2009. The journals of James Boswell and Samuel Johnson are indications of the wide geographical coverage achieved here but, in terms of temporal depth, the only medieval traveller to be included is Gerald of Wales. In total, thirteen of these travellers date from the eighteenth century or earlier, and so a question may be asked about the extent to which this content really suits the heading 'a vision of Britain between 1801 and 2001'. What has been done with these travel accounts is no small piece of work. They have been marked-up so that place-names appearing in the text are (in most cases) linked to existing places or AUs within the system. A small map beside the text highlights unlabelled places that are mentioned (a click takes you to the occurrence in the text). A click on the place-name takes you to the relevant page for the place or AU elsewhere in Vision of Britain. Certainly this makes reading travel accounts a potentially rich visual experience, and a distracting one, and it demonstrates what the site is capable of. One wonders about the possibility in future incarnations for a facility by which users might import their own text, and have this automatically marked-up and linked into the system?
The final content link from the home page is to a section called 'learning resources', which is a collection of four animated tutorials to introduce the topics of travel writing, land use surveys, franchise reform and changing constituencies, and a history of census taking. These are helpful overviews of aspects of the site's contents, directed at a non-specialist audience.
Whom the designers intend as their audience is a good question, and this speaks to wider issues. The site's FAQ states that it is 'intended mainly for a very wide non-academic audience, whose immediate interest is mostly in local history'.(17) I suspect that Vision of Britain has a much more diverse pool of potential users than this, and by conceiving its audience in this way it is limiting its own utility to others. Dr Southall claims an astonishing unique user hit-rate of between 70 and 80,000 per month.(18) If all these are local history enthusiasts, would I be remiss to speculate that they will be most interested in the historical maps, and leave the statistical and census data aside for social science, geography and history researchers, or policy makers? Perhaps it is political pundits, or the parties themselves, who are making most use of the electoral data, and I have already alluded to the immediate potential of this material for teaching. There is a very wide potential audience indeed, but it is perhaps also one with more diverse expectations and interests than what the designers have so far envisioned.
A related point, important to bear in mind, is that this site is entirely free-access. The original site was funded by a major grant from the National Lottery's Big Lottery Fund, and the re-launched Vision of Britain has been funded by the Joint Information Systems Committee (JISC), with enough support to keep it running until 2014. These are huge awards, the National Lottery alone supplying three-quarters of a million pounds.(19) Income is also generated by a modest amount of advertising, most visibly in the form of an Ads by Google banner at the bottom of the screen, usually featuring two or three discreet links to sites of related interest, including an ad taken out by the Liberal Democrats in the run-up to the next general election.(20) I would not rush to condemn this mild commercial intrusion if it means that free access for a wide audience can be maintained. Even Social Explorer in the US exists in two-tiers, with both a free and a subscription edition. It is paradoxical that, while online databases of all types have potentially democratised scholarship, or at least access to information and source materials, they have also tended to be so expensive that only wealthy academic institutions can afford subscription fees. There is a balance to be struck here and I think Vision of Britain is proceeding creditably.
With a huge audience and real commercial capacity, one wonders what the UK higher education funding bodies will make of a 'research output' like Vision of Britain in the next national research census upon which state funding for university research depends. This seems to tick many boxes of the proposed 'Impact' category which seeks to reward scholarship that shows a wide relevance beyond academia to economy, society, public policy and culture, and other areas.(21) Perhaps more to the point, how would Vision of Britain stand up to actual scrutiny by research assessment panels? If this is not a clear example of the proposed category of 'Impact', then what is? Yet even so, the problems with potential assessment criteria for this category are clear: beyond total user numbers alone, how can the way this resource is used be demonstrated? To what extent is the 'Impact' of Vision of Britain spontaneous, or actually intended by the design team? It remains to be seen whether this website will bring its host institution its virtual weight in gold, or whether this is the sort of 'output' that university research committees across the land will be keen to foster. William Rede was, after all, not just an isolated medieval scholar: He was a bishop, a doctor of theology, a pioneering astronomer, a parliamentarian, and a creditor to the king.(22)
By way of drawing this together, I am left uncertain of whether Vision of Britain is a scholarly digital source edition (and a collection of divergent types of sources at that), or a virtual reference library built upon its own catalogue. This is an impressive array of material, for the greater part attractively presented, and there is analysis, although it is scattered. Undeniably Vision of Britain is a stunning illustration of the major technical achievement of the GBH-GIS Project team in linking a number of visual and textual sources into an overarching database, and presenting it all in an accessible way. Yet, this user is left with uncertainty about what pulls all the diverse information here together. Election results, travel writing, land use maps, demographical statistics, and more; despite the claim that this is 'a national resource for local history' (23) , there is a lack of overall coherence and purpose – I think the hidden hierarchy of European states and sub-units highlights the grounds for this more fundamental hesitation most clearly. Yet as I said above, this is not a review of a book, and a book might more fairly be subjected to such criticisms about coherence. Perhaps the real limitation is the extent to which users are allowed to define their own data selections, rather than pull from an off-the-shelf range. If the statistics and maps supplied by the site are to be used in a really meaningful way by academic researchers, students, or policy makers, for example, then there should be scope to manipulate the AUs from which particular data are derived. In this way, custom regions could be defined by users to conduct their own analyses. If a web-based resource like Vision of Britain's strength is in its ability to escape the constraints of coherence, then it will really come into its own is when it allows its users to define their own terms of coherence, and make of it what they will. It is in such unintended and difficult-to-measure impacts where the value of scholarship is always found.
- Nick Millea, 'Britain's first road map', Oxford Today, 18 (2006) <http://www.oxfordtoday.ox.ac.uk/2005-06/v18n2/08.shtml> [accessed 10 March 2010].Back to (1)
- See Social Science History, 24, 3 (2000), special issue on 'Historical GIS: the Spatial Turn in Social Science History'.Back to (2)
- See also I. N. Gregory, C. Bennett, V. L. Gilham and H. R. Southall, 'The Great Britain Historical GIS Project: from maps to changing human geography', The Cartographic Journal, 39, 1 (2002), 37–49; H. R. Southall, 'A vision of Britain through time: making sense of 200 years of census reports', Local Population Studies, 76 (2006), 76–84.Back to (3)
- Media Resources area <http://www.gbhgis.org> [accessed 10 March 2010].Back to (4)
- <http://vision.port.ac.uk/place/place_not_found_page.jsp?st=tarbert&from=match_page> [accessed 10 March 2010].Back to (5)
- For example, see the off-site comment by Dr Southall about these matters at: <https://www.jiscmail.ac.uk/cgi-bin/webadmin?A2=ind0909&L=GBHGIS&T=0&F=&S=&P=53> [accessed 10 March 2010].Back to (6)
- <http://riga.iso.port.ac.uk/django_projects/home> [accessed 10 March 2010].Back to (7)
- <http://visionofbritain.org.uk/census/pub_page.jsp?pub_id=GB1851POP2_1&show=DB> [accessed 10 March 2010].Back to (8)
- <http://visionofbritain.org.uk/census/pub_page.jsp?pub_id=EW1921COU_BERK&show=DB> [accessed 10 March 2010].Back to (9)
- <http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/census/census_page.jsp?yr=1939&show=DB> [accessed 10 March 2010].Back to (10)
- <http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/census/table_page.jsp?tab_id=EW1961COU_M3&u_id=10001195&show=DB&min_c=6&max_c=10> [accessed 10 March 2010].Back to (11)
- <http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/text/chap_page.jsp?t_id=SRC_P&c_id=9&cpub_id=EW1891GEN&show=DB> [accessed 10 March 2010].Back to (12)
- <http://visionofbritain.org.uk/footer/doc_text_for_title.jsp?topic=sources&seq=3> [accessed 10 March 2010].Back to (13)
- <http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/atlas/nat_data_theme_page.jsp?data_theme=T_LAND> [accessed 10 March 2010].Back to (14)
- <http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/atlas/nat_data_theme_page.jsp?data_theme=T_WK> [accessed 10 March 2010].Back to (15)
- <http://www.socialexplorer.com> [accessed 10 March 2010].Back to (16)
- <http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/footer/doc_text_for_title.jsp?topic=faq_system&seq=5> [accessed 10 March 2010].Back to (17)
- Personal conversation November 2009.Back to (18)
- About the Project > History <http://www.gbhgis.org> [accessed 10 March 2010].Back to (19)
- For comment see <http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/footer/doc_text_for_title.jsp?topic=news&seq=6> [accessed 10 March 2010].Back to (20)
- UK higher education funding bodies, The Research Excellence Framework: A brief guide to the proposals (October 2009), pp. 2, 4 <http://www.hefce.ac.uk/research/ref/resources/REFguide.pdf> [accessed 10 March 2010].Back to (21)
- J. D. North, 'Rede, William (c.1315–1385)', Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004); online edn., May 2006, <http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/23248> [accessed 10 March 2010].Back to (22)
- <http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/learning/elearning.jsp?module=franchise> [accessed 10 March 2010].Back to (23)