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විකිපීඩියා:රචනාකරණයේ අත්පොත/චරිතාපදාන
|This guideline is a part of the English Wikipedia's Manual of Style. Use common sense in applying it; it will have occasional exceptions. Please ensure that any edits to this page reflect consensus.
|රචනාකරණයේ අත්පොත
This page sets out guidelines for achieving visual and textual consistency in biographical articles and in biographical information in other articles; such consistency allows Wikipedia to be used more easily.
See also: Wikipedia:WikiProject Biography and Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons.
Opening paragraph[සංස්කරණය]
MOS guidelines for lead paragraphs should generally be followed; the opening paragraph should establish notability, neutrally describe the person, and provide context. The opening paragraph should usually have:
- Name(s) and title(s), if any (see, for instance, also Wikipedia:Naming conventions (royalty and nobility));
- Dates of birth and death, if known (but for dates of birth see WP:BLPPRIVACY, which takes precedence); for how to write these dates, see Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers#Dates of birth and death;
- Context (location or nationality);
- In most modern-day cases this will mean the country of which the person is a citizen, national or permanent resident, or if notable mainly for past events, the country where the person was a citizen, national or permanent resident when the person became notable.
- Ethnicity or sexuality should not generally be emphasized in the opening unless it is relevant to the subject's notability. Similarly, previous nationalities or the country of birth should not be mentioned in the opening sentence unless they are relevant to the subject's notability.
- The notable positions the person held, activities they took part in or roles they played;
- Why the person is notable.
For example:
- Cleopatra VII Philopator (December 70 BCE/January 69 BCE – c. August 12, 30 BCE) was a queen of ancient Egypt. She was the last member of the Macedonian Ptolemaic dynasty to rule Egypt ...
- Francesco Petrarca or Petrarch (1304–1374) was an Italian scholar, poet, and humanist, who is credited with having given the Renaissance its name and inventing the concept of the Dark Ages ...
- Cesar Estrada Chavez (March 31, 1927 – April 23, 1993) was an American farm worker, labor leader, and civil rights activist who, with Dolores Huerta, co-founded the National Farm Workers Association, which later became the United Farm Workers (UFW) ...
- François Maurice Adrien Marie Mitterrand (26 October 1916 – 8 January 1996) was the 21st President of the French Republic ...
Birth and death dates are important to the person being described, but if they are also mentioned in the body, the vital year range (in brackets after the person's full name) may be sufficient to provide context. Birth and death places, if known, should be mentioned in the body of the article, and in the lead if relevant to the person's notability, but they should not be mentioned in the opening brackets of the lead sentence alongside the birth and death dates.
The notable position(s) or role(s) the person held should usually be stated in the opening paragraph. However, avoid overloading the lead sentence with various sundry roles; instead, emphasize what made the person notable. Incidental and non-notable roles (i.e. activities that are not integral to the person's notability) should usually not be mentioned in the lead paragraph.
First mention[සංස්කරණය]
While the article title should generally be the name by which the subject is most commonly known, the subject's full name should be given in the lead paragraph, if known (including middle names, if known, or middle initials). Many cultures have a tradition of not using the full name of a person in everyday reference, but the article should start with the complete version. For example:
- (from Fidel Castro): Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz (born August 13, 1926) ...
- (from François Mitterrand): François Maurice Adrien Marie Mitterrand (October 26, 1916 – January 8, 1996) ...
- (from Brian Jones): Lewis Brian Hopkin Jones (28 February 1942 – 3 July 1969) ...
In some cases, subjects have legally changed their names at some point after birth. In these cases the birth name should be given as well:
- (from Bill Clinton): William Jefferson Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III, August 19, 1946) ...
- (from Jack Benny): Jack Benny (born Benjamin Kubelsky, February 14, 1894 – December 26, 1974) ...
In the case of transgender and non-binary people, birth names should only be included in the lead sentence if the person was notable prior to coming out. One can introduce the name with either "born" or "formerly":
- (from Laverne Cox, not notable prior to coming out) Laverne Cox (born May 29) ...
- (from Chelsea Manning, notable prior to coming out) Chelsea Elizabeth Manning (formerly Bradley Edward Manning, December 17, 1987) ...
Maiden names[සංස්කරණය]
It is common to give the maiden or birth family name (last name, surname) of a woman better known under her married name, for example:
- Lucy Washington (née Payne, 1772?–1846), widow of Major George Steptoe Washington…
An alternative form, Lucy (Payne) Washington, is also widely accepted.
A woman should be referred to by her most commonly used name, which will not necessarily include her husband's surname.
Changed names[සංස්කරණය]
If a person is named in an article in which they are not the subject, they should be referred to by the name they were using at the time of the mention rather than a name they may have used before or after the mention. However, see MOS:IDENTITY.
Child named for parent or predecessor[සංස්කරණය]
Editors may use or omit a comma before Jr. or Sr. so long as each article is internally consistent. If a comma is used before, then a comma should also be placed after Jr. or Sr. if the sentence continues (John D. Rockefeller, Jr., was an American financer and philanthropist...).
Do not place a comma before a Roman numeral designation. Examples: Sammy Davis Jr.; Martin Luther King, Sr.; Otis D. Wright II, not Otis D. Wright, II.
Pseudonyms, stage names and common names[සංස්කරණය]
For people who are best known by a pseudonym, the legal name should usually appear first in the article, followed closely by the pseudonym. Follow this practice even if the article itself is titled with the pseudonym:
- Louis Bert Lindley Jr. (June 29, 1919 – December 8, 1983), better known by the stage name Slim Pickens ...
Investigation may sometimes be needed to determine whether a subject known usually by a pseudonym has actually changed their legal name to match. Reginald Kenneth Dwight formally changed his name to Elton Hercules John early in his musical career. Where this is not the case, and where the subject uses a popular form of their name in everyday life, then care must be taken to avoid implying that a person who does not generally use all their forenames or who uses a familiar form has actually changed their name. Do not write, for example "John Edwards (born Johnny Reid Edwards, June 10, 1953) ...". It is not always necessary to spell out why the article title and lead paragraph give a different name.
Royal surnames[සංස්කරණය]
Most royal families do not have surnames. Many that do have different personal surnames from the name of their royal house. For example, different members of the House of Windsor have a range of surnames: Windsor, Mountbatten-Windsor, etc., and senior royals do not normally use a surname at all. Similarly, the House of Habsburg is different from the surnames of some members of the Habsburg/Habsburg-Lorraine family.
Incorporate surnames in the opening line of an article, if they are known, and if they are in normal use. But do not automatically presume that a name of a royal family is the personal surname of its members. In many cases it is not. For visual clarity, articles on royalty should begin with the form "{royal title} {name} {ordinal if appropriate} (full nameසැකිල්ල:Sndincluding surname if known, except for monarchs)" with the full name unformatted and the rest in bold (3 apostrophes). In practice, this means for example an article on Sweden's King Carl XVI Gustaf should begin "Carl XVI Gustaf (Carl Gustaf Folke Hubertus)". Using this format displays the most important information clearly without an unattractive excess of formatting. Other information on royal titles should be listed where appropriate in chronological order.
Academic titles[සංස්කරණය]
Academic and professional titles (such as "Doctor" or "Professor") should not be used. Verifiable facts about how the person attained such titles should be included in the article text instead. In cases where the person is widely known by a pseudonym or stage name containing such a title (whether earned or not), it may be included in the pseudonym as described above. Post-nominal letters indicating academic degrees (including honorary degrees) should not be included following the subject's name in the first line (although they may occasionally be used in articles where the person with the degree is not the subject, to clarify their qualifications).
For example:
- Isaac Asimov /ˈaɪzək ˈæz
ɪmɒv/ (January 2?, 1920? – April 6, 1992; originally Исаак Озимов but now transcribed into Russian as Айзек Азимов) was an American author and professor of biochemistry, ... he went on to Columbia University, from which he graduated in 1939, later returning to earn a PhD in biochemistry in 1948 ...
- Stephen William Hawking CH CBE FRS FRSA (born 8 January 1942) is a British theoretical physicist, cosmologist, author, and Director of Research at the Centre for Theoretical Cosmology within the University of Cambridge. Hawking was the Lucasian Professor of Mathematics at the University of Cambridge ...
- David Drew Pinsky (born September 4, 1958), nicknamed "Dr. Drew", is a board-certified physician and addiction medicine specialist. ... Pinsky ... earned his MD at the University of Southern California School of Medicine in 1984 ...
Post-nominal letters[සංස්කරණය]
Post-nominal letters, other than those denoting academic degrees, should be included when they are issued by a country or widely recognizable organization with which the subject has been closely associated. Honors issued by other entities may be mentioned in the article, but should generally be omitted from the lead.
Writers should remember that the meaning of the most obvious (to them) post-nominal initials will not be obvious to some readers. When post-nominal initials are used the meaning should be readily available to the reader. This is most easily done using the {{post-nominals}} template or with a piped link to an article with the appropriate title thus:
'''Joe Bloggs''', [[Victoria Cross|VC]]gives Joe Bloggs, VC
'''Jack Brabham''', [[Officer of the Order of the British Empire|OBE]]gives Jack Brabham, OBE
ensuring that readers who hover over the initials see the expanded abbreviation as a hint and in the status bar at the bottom of the window. Editors should recognise that there is an accessibility issue with relying on such cues as readers may be using touch-sensitive devices or assistive technology that does not utilize mouse cursor hovering. Readers who click immediately on the link, missing hints, ought to arrive at a short article with the definition clear and near the start.
In special cases where an individual (e.g. Charles, Prince of Wales) holds a large number of post-nominal letters, or seldom uses their post-nominal letters (for instance because they hold a much "higher" style), that individual should be considered exempt from this practiceසැකිල්ල:Snd that is to say, post-nominal letters should be omitted from the lead and included elsewhere.
Note that post-nominal initials signifying honours awarded by the United Kingdom (e.g. KCB, CBE) may be used as soon as they are gazetted. Investiture is not necessary.
Honorific prefixes[සංස්කරණය]
In general, styles and honorifics should not be included in front of the name, but may be discussed in the article. In particular, this applies to:
- styles and honorifics derived from a title, position or activity, including The Most Noble, The Most Honourable, The Right Honourable, and The Honourable;
- styles and honorifics related to clergy and royalty, such as His Holiness and Her Majesty. Clergy should be named as described in Wikipedia:Naming conventions (clergy).
There are some exceptions:
- Where an honorific is so commonly attached to a name that the name is rarely found in English reliable sources without it, it should be included. For example, the honorific may be included for "Father Coughlin" (currently at Charles Coughlin) and Mother Teresa.
- Where a female historical figure is consistently referred to using the name of her husband and her birth name is unknown. For example, an honorific may be used for "Mrs. Alfred Jones".
- The prenominals Sir, Dame, Lord and Lady are discussed in the "Honorific Titles" section below. Honorary knights and dames are not entitled to "Sir" or "Dame", only the post-nominal letters.
- In Burmese names, honorifics may be preserved if they are part of the normal form of address, even for ordinary people. See U Thant for an example.
The inclusion of some honorific prefixes and styles is controversial. See Wikipedia:Naming conventions (royalty and nobility) for use in article titles.
Honorific titles[සංස්කරණය]
The honorific titles Sir, Dame, Lord and Lady are included in the initial reference and infobox heading for the person, but are optional after that. The title is placed in bold in the first use of the name. Except for the initial reference and infobox, do not add honorific titles to existing instances of a person's name where they are absent, because doing so implies that the existing version is incorrect (similar in spirit to the guideline on British vs. U.S. English spelling). Similarly, honorific titles should not be deleted when they are used throughout an article unless there is consensus. Where the use of an honorific title is widely misunderstood, this can be mentioned in the article; see, for example, Bob Geldof. Honorific titles used with forenames only (such as "Sir Elton", "Sir David", "Dame Judi") suggest an unencyclopedic level of familiarity with the person and should be avoided unless this form is so heavily preferred in popular usage that the use of the surname alone would render the entire name unrecognizable.
Note that titles signifying honours awarded by the United Kingdom (i.e. Sir, Dame) may be used as soon as they are gazetted. Investiture is not necessary.
Subsequent use[සංස්කරණය]
After the initial mention of any name, the person should generally be referred to by surname only, without an honorific prefix such as "Mr", "Mrs", "Miss", or "Ms", or by a pronoun. For example:
- Fred Smith was a cubist painter in the 15th century. He moved to Genoa, where he met singer Jane Doe. Smith and Doe later married.
However, where a person does not have a surname but a patronymic (like many Icelanders, some Mongols, and those historical persons who are known by names-and-patronymics instead of surnames) then the proper form of reference is usually the given name. (See also Country-specific usage below.) For example:
- Iceland's Prime Minister is Jóhanna Sigurðardóttir. Jóhanna was elected to the Althing in 1978.
The person may be referred to by given name in the case of royalty, or as "Prince John", "Princess Jane", "the Duke", "the Earl", "the Duchess", "the Countess", etc. For other subjects, it is preferable to refer to the person by surname. The use of the given name gives the impression that the writer knows the subject personally, which is not relevant – even if true.
A member of the nobility may be referred to by title if that form of address would have been the customary way to refer to him or her; for example Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester, may become "the Earl of Leicester" or just "Leicester" in subsequent mentions. Be careful not to give someone a title too soon; for example, one should use "Robert Dudley" or "Dudley" when describing events before his elevation to the peerage in 1564.
People who are best known by a pseudonym should be subsequently referred to by their pseudonymous surnames, unless they do not include a recognizable surname in the pseudonym (e.g. Sting, Snoop Dogg, the Edge), in which case the whole pseudonym is used. For people well known by one-word names, nicknames or pseudonyms, but who often also use their legal names professionally (e.g. musician/actors André Benjamin, Jennifer Lopez; doctor/broadcaster Dr. Drew Pinsky), use the legal surname. Otherwise, their mononym is to be used (e.g. Aaliyah, Selena, Usher, and Madonna).
For people with academic or professional titles, subsequent uses of names should omit them. For example, use "Asimov", "Hawking", and "Westheimer"; not "Dr. Asimov", "Professor Hawking", or "Dr. Ruth".
Country-specific usage[සංස්කරණය]
- Thai people are often referred to by their first name (i.e. given name) without a family name, even in formal situations. Hence, on second and subsequent mentions, they should be referred to by their first name.
- Given names also have the priority over family names for Vietnamese, but a given name always occupies the last position, according to the East Asian naming scheme, even when translated to European languages (hence, the last name, which is not a surname, is used).
- Eritrean and Ethiopian people are almost always referred to by their given name as they do not have a family name. There are some rare exceptions to this: where the person—usually a member of the later generations of the Eritrean diaspora or Ethiopian diaspora—has adopted the patronymic as a formal family name. Consider placing: {{Habesha name}}
- Mongolian people are referred to by their given name, with their patronymic placed in front of it, usually in genitive case. There are no family names. More details in Mongolian name and WP:MON, consider placing {{Mongolian name}}.
- Burmese names are personal names that consist of one or more words, with no patronymic or surname. Always use the full form of the person's name. See WP:BURMESE.
Also see WP:SUR on the proper sorting of these names.
People with the same surname[සංස්කරණය]
To distinguish between people with the same surname in the same article or page, use given names or complete names to refer to each of the people upon first mention. For subsequent uses, refer to the people by given names for clarity and brevity. When referring to the person who is the subject of the article, use just the surname unless the reference is part of a list of family members or if use of the surname alone will be confusing.
Source citations, bibliographies, and in-text attributions usually include names of authors and others. Consider them when checking for people with the same surname. While citations and bibliographies should use full names even in subsequent mentions (if full names are the style for citations and bibliographies in the article), the body of an article should not unless confusion could result.
For example, in the text of an article on Ronald Reagan:
Correct: Ronald and Nancy Reagan arrived separately; Ronald by helicopter and Nancy by car. Correct: The Reagans arrived separately; Ronald by helicopter and Nancy by car. Incorrect: Ronald and Nancy Reagan arrived separately; Ronald Reagan by helicopter and Nancy Reagan by car.
In the text of an article about the Brothers Grimm:
Correct: Jacob Grimm was 14 months older than his brother, Wilhelm. Incorrect: Jacob Grimm was 14 months older than his brother, Wilhelm Grimm.
If an article about Jane Doe has attributions to books by Bob Doe and Will Doe, subsequent mentions will need given or full names.
If an article mentions both Andrea Dworkin and Ronald Dworkin, who are unrelated but might be in the same article because he wrote about her work, for subsequent mentions it would usually be correct to refer to them by full names or sometimes by given names.
Names confused with common words and well-known single names[සංස්කරණය]
Some names look like common words that are usually capitalized or like well-known single names. Subsequent mentions of those full names should be with given or full names. Examples include religious words and names (e.g., Lord, Christ, Moses, and Mohammed [the last with various spellings]).
Occupation titles[සංස්කරණය]
When used to describe the occupation, apply lower case; such as: (De Gaulle was a French president; Louis XVI was a French king; Three prime ministers attended the conference).
When used as part of a person's title, begin such words with a capital letter (President Obama, not president Obama). Standard or commonly used names of an office are treated as proper nouns (The British Prime Minister is David Cameron; Hirohito was Emperor of Japan; Louis XVI was King of France). Royal styles are capitalized (Her Majesty; His Highness); exceptions may apply for particular offices.
Biographies of living persons should generally be written in the present tense, and biographies of deceased persons in the past tense. When making the change upon the death of a subject, the entire article should be reviewed for consistency. If a person is living but has retired, use "is a former" or "is a retired" rather than the past tense "was".
- Correct – John Smith (1946–2003) was a baseball pitcher ...
- Correct – John Smith (born 1946) is a former baseball pitcher ...
- Incorrect – John Smith (born 1946) was a baseball pitcher ...
Historical events should be written in the past tense in all biographies:
- Smith played for the Baltimore Orioles between 1968 and 1972 ...
When discussing the work of a writer or philosopher, even if they are dead, the present tense may be used: "In Calvin's Institutes he teaches ...".[1] The general rule is to describe statements made in literature, philosophy and art in the eternal present.
Out-of-date material[සංස්කරණය]
It is best to avoid time-dependent statements, which can often be creatively rewritten anyway. When making any statements about current events, use the "As of" template; for example, "as of April 2011" or "in April 2011". If you're giving a precise date range from the past to the present, as with a living person's age or career, you may use the "Age" template. The article subject's age can also be calculated in the infobox.
There is no need to add "deceased" to a person's article, or those in which they are mentioned. If they have their own article, this should already be sourced. Otherwise, it is unnecessary.
Care should be taken to avoid placing undue weight on aspects of sexuality.
See also[සංස්කරණය]
- Wikipedia:Autobiography
- Wikipedia:WikiProject Biography
- Wikipedia:Categorization of people
- Wikipedia:Naming conventions (people)
- ↑ "How (and Why) Do I Write in Literary Present Tense?" (PDF). Writing Studio. Vanderbilt University. 17 July 2008. Retrieved 3 July 2014.


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Oregon State Week: Players Not ReturningPosted by Connor Pelton on August 22nd, 2012
Last year the Beavers only had one senior on the roster, seemingly ensuring that the 2012-13 roster would be made up of the same guys. But one early entry to the NBA and two transfers later, Craig Robinson is indeed losing four players from last year's squad. Below we'll break down those four players in roughly the order of the degree to which they'll be missed.
Jared Cunningham – Despite earning offers from basketball powerhouses San Diego State and California (among others), Cunningham decided to leave his home state and go north to Corvallis. Three years later, he leaves as arguably the most talented player to don a Beaver uniform since Corey Benjamin's single season in 1997-98. Cunningham instantly played major minutes as a freshman, and by the end of the season was starting regularly and scoring in double figures. As a sophomore, with Seth Tarver graduating, his role and production increased. He started 29 of the 30 games he played in, missing only the third-to-last game of the year for reportedly blowing curfew. That year was when people nationally began to take notice of the athletic shooting guard at OSU. Cunningham averaged 14.2 PPG and 2.8 SPG as a sophomore, and had the top dunk of the year in a game against Arizona. Last season, he led the Beavers to 21 wins with 17.9 PPG and 2.5 SPG. At the end of the year, Cunningham announced he was leaving early for the NBA, a decision that raised some eyebrows around town. Sure enough, however, he was drafted in the 1st Round by the Dallas Mavericks last June.
Kevin McShane – After grey-shirting the 2007-08 season at Clackamas Community College, McShane had a rough start to his Oregon State career. The walk-on forward overslept for the first two 5:00 AM practices of the 2008-09 season, which left new head coach Craig Robinson wondering if he even deserved a walk-on spot with the team. But McShane impressed the coaching staff with his work ethic and hustle, making him a fan favorite whenever he entered the game. The years rolled by with McShane only playing garbage minutes or the not-so-rare instance when Gill Coliseum was so sleepy, Robinson decided to throw him into the mix just to liven things up. With an open scholarship available, McShane was the first in line to get one during his senior season. He responded by averaging 1.6 PPG, the highest total of his Oregon State career.

subset: commoncrawl


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WOW! What a show! I had never been more excited to see a musical than I was to see CHICAGO! The soundtrack has been a favorite of mine for years, as has the Academy Award winning film after its 2002 release, so I was beyond thrilled when I got the opportunity to see CHICAGO in Chicago at the Ford Oriental Theatre! What could be better? Not only is CHICAGO the fifth longest running production in the history of Broadway, but is also the winner of six Tony Awards! This was bound to be the experience of a lifetime!
"Murder. Greed. Corruption. Violence. Exploitation. Adultery. Treachery. Set amidst the razzle-dazzle decadence of the 1920's, CHICAGO is the story of Roxie Hart, a housewife and nightclub dancer who maliciously murders her on-the-side lover after he threatens to walk out on her. Desperate to avoid conviction, she dupes the public, the media and her rival cellmate, Velma Kelly, by hiring Chicago's slickest criminal lawyer to transform her malicious crime into a barrage of sensational headlines, the likes of which might just as easily be ripped from today's headlines"
CHICAGO was written in 1963 by Fred Ebb and Bob Fosse with music by John Kander. It opened for the first time in 1975 at the 46th Street Theatre with Chita Rivera starring as Velma Kelly. Directed by Scott Faris, the national tour of CHICAGO has been seen in 24 countries and has been adapted into 11 different languages.
It's impossible not to be swept away by the glitz and glamour that is CHICAGO. I couldn't even sit still in my seat as I awaited the opening number, and my favorite of the entire production, "All That Jazz". The result was simply mind blowing.
As the curtains open the stage is completely bare, with the exception of the band (Ralph Burns, Director). Chills ran down my spine as they began playing the overture. Then the dancers filed out, sensually and acrobatically moving in typical Fosse style (Gary Chryst, Choreographer). The anticipation continued to build and then finally Velma took to the stage and began crooning in a low raspy voice that was somehow as smooth as the liquor she was singing about. She mesmerized the audience, holding their attention with a powerful and alluring presence. As she and the other scantily clad players strutted about the stage singing about the fast and flirty lifestyle of Prohibition Era Chicago, I couldn't help but feel like I was in a real Vaudeville show! As she belted the final note, I just stared in awe. It was the best live number I had ever seen!
The rest of the evening followed suit. Just when I didn't think the show could get any better, there would be a new dance, a new character introduced, a new song.
Favorites included "Cell Block Tango", "Funny Honey", "Razzle Dazzle", "Mister Cellophane", "They Both Reached For The Gun", "All I Care About", especially the unforgettable final number "Hot Honey Rag".
Cast includes Tracy Shayne (Broadway: Phantom of the Opera, Les Miserables) as Roxie, Terra C.MacLeod (Kiss of the Spider Woman, The Produces. Film: The Lizzie McGuire Movie) as Velma, Ron Orbach (Broadway: Laughter on the 23rd Floor. Film: Clueless. Television: Law and Order.) as Amos and headliner and award winning actor, most famous for his role as J.Peterman on "Seinfeld" and as the winner of ABC's "Dancing with the Stars", John O'Hurley.
Simply put, CHICAGO was beyond incredible. The dancing is like nothing you've ever seen. The singing is like nothing you've ever heard. You'll laugh, you'll cheer and you'll hum the soundtrack all the way home. CHICAGO is a truly unforgettable performance and you do not want to miss this once in a lifetime opportunity to experience the magic!
CHICAGO plays at The Ford Oriental Theatre on the following schedule:
June 8 at 7:30pm
June 9 at 7:30pm
June 10 at 7:30pm
June 11 at 2pm and 7:30pm
June12 at 2pm and 7:30pm
Tickets range from $30 to $95 and are available at all Broadway in Chicago Box Offices.


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Tom Cruise and Katie Holmes have reached a divorce settlement.
"The case has been settled and the agreement has been signed. We are thrilled for Katie and her family and are excited to watch as she embarks on the next chapter of her life," Holmes' lawyer Jonathan Wolfe told People and E! News in a statement.
Wolfe went on to thank "Tom's counsel for their professionalism and diligence that helped bring about this speedy resolution." Details of the agreement were unclear.
U.S. & World
Bert Fields, Cruise's longtime attorney said in a statement that "Tom is really pleased we got there, and so am I."
Earlier Monday, Holmes, 33, and Cruise, 50, said in a joint statement that they were "committed to working together" on decisions involving their 6-year-old daughter, Suri.
"We are committed to working together as parents to accomplishing what is in our daughter Suri's best interests," reps for the ex-couple said in a statement to news outlets.
Holmes and Cruise also appealed for privacy as the pair navigates a high-profile split that has dominated tabloids, gossip sites and entertainment news shows.
"We want to keep matters affecting our family private and express our respect for each other's commitment to each of our respective beliefs and support each other's roles as parents," they said.
Holmes' lawyer announced on June 29 the actress had filed for divorce after nearly six years of marriage to Hollywood's highest-paid actor. The actress reportedly filed for sole legal custody of Suri.
After news of the breakup broke, Cruise returned to Los Angeles from Iceland where he had been shooting a film. Holmes has been spotted out and about in New York.
In a newly published, but pre-divorce interview, Holmes seemed to hint at changes afoot in her life.
"I definitely feel much more comfortable in my own skin. I feel sexier," the former "Dawson's Creek" star told Elle Magazine. "I'm starting to come into my own ... It's like a new phase."


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Simon Healy's essay in Patrick Little's recent collection of essays about Oliver Cromwell is one of the more interesting things written about him that I have read recently. Healy has done thorough research into Cromwell's early life and what he has found indicates some interesting things about Cromwell's position in life, his personality and his religion. Almost any student of Cromwell's life can quote a letter that he wrote to Oliver St John's wife in 1636, in which Cromwell famously says
My soul is with the congregation of the first born, my body rests in hope and if here I may honour God by doing or by suffering, I shall be most glad... You know what my manner of life hath been. Oh I lived in and loved darkness and hated the light. I was a chief, the chief of sinners. This is true, I hated godliness, yet God had mercy upon me. O the riches of his mercy.
Cromwell's statement has often been interpreted as what it is- a confession of religious conversion in the late 1630s. However Healy argues that there is more to this statement than that- that it reflects the fact that Cromwell in the 1630s was repenting for his unscrupulousness- that the future Protector may well have been attempting to convince not merely Mrs St John, but her husband and their friends that he was not untrustworthy or malicious but a true upstanding Christian.
Healy suggests why Cromwell might have needed to do this by examining in detail his movements in the 1630s. Cromwell was elected to Parliament in 1629 and had in the late 1620s emerged as the loser in a long factional fight in Huntingdon politics against his former schoolmaster Dr Thomas Beard (a struggle most discovered and documented by John Morrill). What happened then was very unusual- for Cromwell sold all his lands in Huntingdon and moved to St Ives- he was waiting on an inheritance from his rich uncle, Sir Thomas Steward. In July 1635 though something happened- we have evidence of a hearing in Cambridgeshire about an accusation that Sir Thomas was mad and so ought to be disseized of his estates. This was not unusual- mental incompetence could lead to your heirs holding your estates- what was unusual is that Sir Thomas proved he was sane and consequently held onto his estates. Healy suggests and brings evidence to bear that Cromwell may have been behind this incorrect accusation- hoping to push the old man out of his estates because he would not go into a grave quick enough. Furthermore he suggests that Cromwell's inheritance may have been diminished because of that- that when Sir Thomas eventually did die he encumbered his property deliberately with all his debts, (usually debts were matched off against the deceased's movables). Cromwell's letter becomes therefore a redemptive document aimed at persuading St John (who had acted as a lawyer in the affair) and others that he had repented.
The whole episode, if true (the evidence is fragmentary- from later lives, lines in court records and the like), would account for the fervour of the letter. In a sense though more interestingly it would show how precarious Cromwell's finances were in the 1630s- he was lucky that Sir Thomas Steward still left him the estate. Furthermore many actors in this drama- St John, Henry Lawrence with whom Cromwell stayed in St Ives- were prominent later on in Cromwell's life. But just as much as that it reminds us of two factors within the Protector's character- his religious belief through which he interpreted everything he did and his boldness, his ability to seize the main chance and bravely go for it. It would be a brave man that would indicate that his benefactor was mad- just in case the benefactor bit back- but that bravery would carry Cromwell through war and peace where he would excell politically and militarily through the use of the bold, stunning stroke. Perhaps that feature of his character goes back to his earlier career as a farmer in East Anglia.


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When I was a child, I thought Arabic was Allah's mother…Continue
taslima nasrin has not received any gifts yet
Are you the Taslima Nasrin? :)
Really a happy day for me to join the atheist Nexus,the slap on religious cult ws indeed a marvelous job by u,and honour for me to txting u,i m on ur foot steps...
This is the piece I mentioned earlier. I hope you enjoy it.
_ A little eight year old girl from Bangladesh named Tasmina Nasreen asked her mother one day why they had to pray to Allah in Arabic. She wanted to know why this was the case considering that God is all-powerful and all-knowing which means He should understand all the languages spoken by His earthly flock, including Bangladeshi. Tasminas' mother, a devout Muslim, was mortified by her daughters' sacrilege. Mom, in a state of pure terror, shook her little girl by the shoulders and warned her that questioning God was a mortal sin, absolutely forbidden and would result in her tongue being ripped out. Tasmina nodded her head in a show of obligatory meekness while silently taking the challenge. When the opportunity presented itself the curious little girl secluded herself in a quiet room where no one would hear her. She stood firmly in the middle of the room, punched her delicate little fists into her hips and looked up at the ceiling. More than just questioning her deity, she cursed and insulted Him. Then she stood back and waited. And waited. And waited. And just like she thought it would be, nothing happened. Nothing, nada, zilch, bupkus, zip and zero. Not only did her tongue remain safe and sound in her mouth, the animals in her village weren't struck dead by some mysterious disease, nor was there a plague of locusts or a flash flood to punish the unsuspecting bystanders in her community. This little experiment, pitting the power of God against the power of the mind, sent the little girl off into the realms of rational thinking and analysis. I admire her very much for this.
The Christian version of this morality tale is the threat of being struck by lightning for provoking the wrath of Our Lord Almighty by blaspheming God, His Son or His teachings. The trick here is that people who are actually struck by a bolt of lightning and then survive tend to be avid lovers of God and only too happy ascribing their survival to Gods' lifesaving intervention. Then they label the experience as a miracle. God, who sparked the lightning in the first place, then did his best making sure that His true believer lives to suffer unimaginable pain and crippling disfigurements for a long long time. You just gotta love it. There's times ya just can't win for losin'.
Good morning Ms. Nasrin - This is such an honor for me. My name is Clay Littleton. For years I have been collecting my thoughts and observations concerning religion as a reality in the lives of humans and putting them in a list. When I first learned about you I was completely taken by the story of your ascension to reason. I had to put what I learned into my little anthology. If you would allow, I would be honored to forward it to you. Personally I prefer e-mail (firstname.lastname@example.com) but through whatever medium you choose I will do my best to communicate with you. Again, thank you so much for giving me this opportunity.
To be connected with you, on Atheist Nexus or anywhere else in life, is a great honor. Your talk in Washington at the American Atheist conference this year was one of the most moving and inspiring I've ever heard. Your courage and powerful abilities as a writer make you one of my heroes. Thank you for all you've done for humanity.
When I was growing up I thought everyone should speak like Catholics and if you did not; well you all no the dreaded place down below.
Hello there. Although I'm not much into poetry, I do find your works interesting. I may buy your book(s). Take care.
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The Eurostars Rio Douro comprises 42 modern rooms with fantastic daylight illumination and panoramic vistas over the course of the river. The rooms are designed in a refined minimalist, contemporary style, always with combinations in black and white and good use of fine timber and quality materials.
The rooms contain all the features and appliances for achieving a magnificent stay: bathtub, bath robe, hair-dryer, Wi-Fi, LCD TV, etc.


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The Physical Disability Board of Review provides Veterans who were medically separated from their Military Service between September 11, 2001 and December 31, 2009, with the opportunity to have their disability ratings reviewed to ensure fairness, consistency and accuracy. More than 50 percent of the cases reviewed by PDBR have resulted in upgraded disability determinations, which means these veterans have had their medical separation changed to a disability retirement. Although no guarantee of this re-characterization rate can be made going forward, it is a good indicator of the degree of success applicants have had with the board up until now.
If a Veteran is awarded a disability retirement as a result of the review process, it may not result in any immediate monetary gain by the Veteran (previously awarded payments from the VA and DoD as related to the original disability must be recouped by the government, prior to new payments being made; but this recoupment is made from the new monthly disability annuity payments going forward). This means that the change will not result in any loss of benefits or out-of-pocket recoupment. Regardless, from the time of disability retirement award, the Veteran becomes eligible for all retirement benefits normally awarded military department retirees (health care, exchange, commissary, travel, etc).
PDBR Eligibility
To be eligible for PDBR review, a Veteran must have been medically separated between September 11, 2001 and December 31, 2009 with a combined disability rating of 20 percent or less, and not have been found eligible for retirement. Former reserve members with greater than 20 years of Total Federal Military Service yet with fewer than 20 years of Active Duty and who meet the criteria listed above are also eligible to apply. There are roughly 75,000 eligible Veterans who are eligible to apply to the PDBR under the stated criteria.
How the PDBR Works
The Department of Defense designated the Air Force as the lead component to establish and operate the PDBR. The PDBR evaluates and reviews cases for all services (Army, Navy, Air Force, Marines, and Coast Guard) and their reserve components.
Located in Arlington, VA, the PDBR is a true joint service board (and the only existing joint service disability evaluation and review board). Each case is jointly reviewed by representatives from three separate services (to include the service of the applicant). The PDBR examines each applicant's medical separation, compares DoD and Veteran's Administration (VA) ratings, and makes a recommendation to the respective Service Secretary (or their designee) as to whether or not the Secretary concerned should change a disability rating (which reflects a more accurate rating at the original time of separation) resulting in the Veteran's transfer to the Disability Retirement rolls.
By law, the PDBR may not recommend a lower disability rating for any rating reviewed. All changes to disability ratings that are approved by the Service Secretary concerned will be backdated and effective the date of the original Physical Evaluation Board.
The PDBR exclusively uses the Veterans Administration Schedule for Rating Disabilities (VASRD) as its adjudication guidance in reviewing unfitting conditions considered by the Disability Evaluation System [Medical Evaluation Board and Physical Evaluation Board]. If a particular condition was recognized and documented by the Service Department Disability Evaluation System, the PDBR will review it to ensure the Veteran was properly credited for physical ailments which may have caused the eventual medical separation of the Veteran. If a Veteran has a condition he/she feels should have been considered by his/her MEB or PEB, but it was not a part of his/her MEB or PEB, the avenue of redress is not through the PDBR; but instead through the Veteran's Board for Correction of Military/Naval Records (BCMR/NR).
Upon receipt of a Veteran's application, the PDBR will request copies of all applicable VA medical and rating documents as well as all Military Service Department Physical Evaluation Board related records, including the Veteran's Service Treatment Record (STR). The Veteran may submit any additional information pertinent to the request with his/her application. The review is records based only and no provision is made for a personal appearance by the Veteran or his/her representative.
Visit the Physical Disability Board of Review website to learn how to apply, and access the application form (DD 294).


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Bees help make raspberries in Kenya
"A few days ago I visited a friend of mine who runs a farm on the outskirts of Nairobi. Su Kahumbu is an organic farmer who does amazing work with farmers across Kenya promoting sustainable agriculture and innovation…
One of the crops growing at her beautiful model farm are raspberries.
These delicious fruits are one of my favourite desserts… And of course in order to have raspberries on the table you need to have raspberry bushes. The raspberry bushes have flowers that need to be pollinated in order for the beautiful and yummy fruit to develop…
Raspberry flowers are composite flowers – which means that they are actually made up of many tiny individual flowers all joined together.
In order for a flower to set fruit, it needs to be pollinated. On Su's farm these free services are provided to her raspberry bushes by several different kinds of bees. One of the most common pollinators is the honeybee…
As these are composite flowers, every single tiny individual flower, called a floret, needs to be visited and gently dusted with pollen by a bee. Otherwise there will be no fruits produced.
…The quality, shape, flavour and size of the raspberry fruit are all directly tied to the efficiency of the pollinators. Too little pollen and the fruit is pale, small and not very sweet. It takes many visits by many bees to make a fruit round and sweet..
It is the actions of all these bees who make the delicious raspberries happen!
Please think of the bees that put the food on your table next time you enjoy some raspberries for breakfast or dessert…"
[Click here to read the full article on NationalGeographic.com]


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Peggy Noonan
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Margaret Ellen "Peggy" Noonan (born 7 September 1950) is an author, a columnist for The Wall Street Journal, and a commentator on broadcast and cable television news shows. She was also a speechwriter for U.S. presidents Ronald Reagan and George H. W. Bush.
- Resentment isn't a magnetic personal style.
- Wit penetrates; humor envelops. Wit is a function of verbal intelligence; humor is imagination operating on good nature. John Kennedy had wit, and so did Lincoln, who also had abundant humor; Reagan was mostly humor.
- What I Saw at the Revolution : A Political Life in the Reagan Era (1990), p. 179
- Candor is a compliment; it implies equality. It's how true friends talk.
- Peggy Noonan, in What I Saw at the Revolution : A Political Life in the Reagan Era (1990), p. 321
- The Democrats had long labeled the impeachment debate a distraction from the urgent business of a great nation. But the Republicans argued that the pursuit of justice is the business of a great nation. In winning this point, they caught the falling flag, producing a triumph for the rule of law, a reassertion of the belief that no man is above it, and a rebuke for an arrogance that had grown imperial.
- "The Good Guys Finally Won" (21 December 1998), concerning accusations against Bill Clinton
- Mr. Bush is the triumph of the seemingly average American man. He's normal. He thinks in a sort of common-sense way. He speaks the language of business and sports and politics. You know him. He's not exotic. But if there's a fire on the block, he'll run out and help. He'll help direct the rig to the right house and count the kids coming out and say, "Where's Sally?" He's responsible. He's not an intellectual. Intellectuals start all the trouble in the world. And then when the fire comes they say, "I warned Joe about that furnace." And, "Does Joe have children?" And "I saw a fire once. It spreads like syrup. No, it spreads like explosive syrup. No, it's formidable and yet fleeting." When the fire comes they talk. Bush ain't that guy. Republicans love the guy who ain't that guy. Americans love the guy who ain't that guy.
- I do not know what the Democratic Party spent, in toto, on the 2004 election, but what they seem to have gotten for it is Barack Obama. Let us savor.
- Imagine for a moment that angels exist, that they are pure spirits of virtue and light, that they care about us and for us and are among us, unseen, in the airport security line, in the room where we watch TV, at the symposium of great minds. "Raise your hands if you think masturbation should be illegal!" "I'm Bob Dole for Viagra." "Put your feet in the foot marks, lady." We are embarrassing the angels. … Lent began yesterday, and I mean to give up a great deal, as you would too if you were me. One of the things I mean to give up is the habit of thinking it and not saying it. A lady has some rights, and this happens to be one I can assert. "You are embarrassing the angels." This is what I intend to say for the next 40 days whenever I see someone who is hurting the culture, hurting human dignity, denying the stature of a human being.
- At some point, don't voters start to see all of public life as one big polluted river? And if they do, don't they stop saying things like "That's a busted tire floating by" and "That's an old shoe"?
- The most qualified? No. I think they went for this — excuse me — political bullshit about narratives.
- On Sarah Palin as a candidate for US Vice-President, in comments caught on tape after an interview on MSNBC (3 September 2008)]
- Because she jumbles up so many cultural categories, because she is a feminist not in the Yale Gender Studies sense but the How Do I Reload This Thang way, because she is a woman who in style, history, moxie and femininity is exactly like a normal American feminist and not an Abstract Theory feminist; because she wears makeup and heels and eats mooseburgers and is Alaska Tough, as Time magazine put it; because she is conservative, and pro-2nd Amendment and pro-life; and because conservatives can smell this sort of thing — who is really one of them and who is not — and will fight to the death for one of their beleaguered own; because of all of this she is a real and present danger to the American left, and to the Obama candidacy.
- Some things in life need to be mysterious. Sometimes you need to just keep walking. … It's hard for me to look at a great nation issuing these documents and sending them out to the world and thinking, oh, much good will come of that.
- Concerning release of information about accusations against George W. Bush, in "Winners & Sinners" in Columbia Journalism Review (19 April 2009)
- I think it's Romney. I think he's stealing in "like a thief with good tools," in Walker Percy's old words. While everyone is looking at the polls and the storm, Romney's slipping into the presidency. He's quietly rising, and he's been rising for a while.
- Who knows what to make of the weighting of the polls and the assumptions as to who will vote? Who knows the depth and breadth of each party's turnout efforts? Among the wisest words spoken this cycle were by John Dickerson of CBS News and Slate, who said, in a conversation the night before the last presidential debate, that he thought maybe the American people were quietly cooking something up, something we don't know about.
I think they are and I think it's this: a Romney win.
- "Monday Morning" (2012-11-05), Peggy Noonan's Blog, Wall Street Journal


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Infrastructure EngineeringCarret icon
(3 cr.) This course identifies, analyzes and assesses built infrastructure, which is the foundation for modern society. The complex and interconnected lifecycles are investigated and demands on critical components are calculated. Students explore the nontechnical factors necessary for the functioning of infrastructure including supplies, trained personnel, public policy, ethics and cross-sector dependencies. The course provides a basis for understanding the complexity and cost of maintaining, rebuilding and developing infrastructure. Topics include general infrastructure concepts, water and wastewater, transportation, energy and buildings and cities. Several in-class scenarios are provided to synthesize the connectivity between the major items of infrastructure. Every Year, Fall
Section 01
- Instructor
- Priscilla Fonseca
- Days
- Time
- 2:00 pm - 2:50 pm
- Location
- Center for Comm.&Engineer Room 030


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Canadian mortgage debt a concern: Flaherty
TORONTO -- Finance Minister Jim Flaherty says he's still concerned about the mortgage debt Canadians are carrying, but adds he thinks they're getting the message that interest rates won't stay low forever.
"I remain concerned about people taking on larger obligations than they would be able to afford were interest rates to go up, as they inevitably will," Flaherty said.
"But other things are going on too. I think Canadians are increasingly getting the message that at some point interest rates are likely to rise."
Canadians, Flaherty added, are "starting to understand the risk there and that it's prudent not to overextend oneself."
That message has been an oft-repeated one, from Flaherty and Bank of Canada governor Mark Carney.
In June, Flaherty took action on Carney's worries about Canada's hot housing market and high household debt by tightening mortgage and borrowing rules yet again.
While Flaherty says it's too early to gauge the effect the new rules are having on the real estate market, he welcomed indications of a recent cooling in the condo market, particularly in Vancouver and Toronto.
"That's desirable," said Flaherty.
"It's better to have some softening in the market rather than have sudden movements."
Following even larger drops for June, the Real Estate Board of Greater Vancouver reported sales of previously owned properties dropped 18.4 per cent in July from a year earlier, while the Toronto board said sales had slipped 1.5 per cent during the same period, with condo sales falling 10 per cent.
Economists have warned that Canada's housing market is too hot, particularly the condo markets in cities like Vancouver and Toronto.
The new mortgage rules entered in force on July 9.
Among other changes, the government reduced the maximum amortization terms for mortgages backed by the Canadian Mortgage and Housing Corp. from 30 to 25 years, and limited CMHC-insured mortgages to homes of up to $1 million. CMHC insurance is warranted for deals in which buyers put less than 20 per cent down payment on a home.
Speaking Friday at a press conference on Canada's economic performance in the second quarter, Flaherty didn't signal any further moves to tighten lending rules.
The minister twice referred to the possibility of the Bank of Canada rising interest rates in the future, but didn't make any predictions as to when the hike would come.
The move is a two-edged sword because raising interest rates could lead to dampening other economic sectors.
Last month, nearly half of the respondents in a national survey said they would have difficulty keeping up with mortgage or debt payments following a significant increase in interest rates. Out of 1,000 Canadians randomly sampled via telephone, 48 per cent of them said a significant interest rake hike would pose a challenge to them.
With access to a vast network of over 15 lending institutions - including major banks, credit unions, trusts and other national and regional lenders, I have the tools to build a customized mortgage plan, with the features and options that meet your needs, whether you are:
purchasing your first or next home;
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refinancing to boost cash flow and drive down debt; or,
looking at options for your mortgage renewal.
And since my business is built primarily through referrals from satisfied customers, your positive mortgage experience is essential! Your mortgage is a big decision and a powerful financial tool. I look forward to helping you achieve your financial and homeownership goals.
You can visit my new site at www.francoisbegin.com


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Senior guard Josh Slater was the star with 30 points, but the supporting cast also lent some timely help.
The Bisons, who trailed from the start of the game until the final 4:33 minutes, managed to rally for an 80-76 Atlantic Sun Conference win Monday afternoon at Allen Arena.
"We know we can come back from a deficit," Lipscomb coach Scott Sanderson said. "We have shown that a bunch of times."
The Bisons trailed from the start of the game until they took their first lead at 4:33 of the second half when Brandon Barnes sank a pair of free throws for a 69-68 edge.
The Bisons biggest lead down the stretch was five points, 78-73 with 15 seconds on the clock. North Florida pulled within two, 78-76 as Parker Smith sank three free throws after being fouled on a 3-point shot attempt.
Senior guard Josh Slater connected on two free throws to close out the game.
"Josh stepped up and made big shots and big free throws," Sanderson said. "The thing I am most proud of is he didn't lose his focus and effort defensively. We needed his shot-making and free throws but his defensive focus and sustained energy were what I liked seeing the most. He did a great job."
North Florida shot a sizzling 64 percent from the field in the first half. Their biggest lead of the game was 12 points with 8:54 left in the first half.
"I thought in the second half we stepped up defensively holding them to eight field goals and 35 percent," Sanderson said. "We turned the ball over eight times. You can win a lot of games doing that.
"But I think more than anything in the last five or six minutes we executed in our half-court offense. We got shots from people we wanted to get shots from. That's something we have not done."
The Bisons held a 24-17 advantage in free throws made. Slater, with a season-high and game-high 30 points, scored 15 at the free throw line. Slater also grabbed a game-high seven rebounds.
Senior center Adnan Hodzic scored 14 points for the Bisons. Sophomore guard Jacob Arnett added 12.
"They had a bunch of guys around Adnan." Sanderson said. "The problem in the first half was that he was catching the ball on the block.
"When you catch the ball on the block you have to maneuver and dribble. He doesn't have time to dribble. People are collapsing on him and double-teaming and triple-teaming him. He has to get the ball at the bucket because there is no way to double team that."
The Bisons held a 34-28 edge in rebounds.
Sanderson credited sophomore center Milos Kleut, Arnett, Barnes and senior forward Brandon Brown for their support.
"Milos came in and gave us a huge spark with his energy," Sanderson said. "Jacob Arnett gave us a huge lift the whole game. Brandon Barnes had some big drives to the basket. And Brandon Brown had some great energy.
"Sometimes you have to win an ugly game like that to get going. We needed this game desperately."
Parker Smith, with a team-leading 16 points, was one of four players scoring in double figures for North Florida. Andres Diaz and Jimmy Williams each had 13. Jerron Granberry added 11.
Thursday night the Bisons make the short trip to Belmont for the first "Battle of the Boulevard" of the season.
The Bisons are 9-6, 4-2 in the A-Sun. North Florida, which has only won one time in six games at Allen Arena, slipped to 5-11, 2-3 in the conference.
Sanderson is still waiting for his Bisons to put everything together for 40 minutes.
"We are not playing very good," Sanderson said. "And I am not taking anything away from North Florida at all. North Florida is a tough and physical team.
"Sometimes you get in one of those funks on both ends of the court. Hopefully tonight we got out of that a little bit. We can't be accused of peaking early because that is not happening."
Written by Mark McGee, Senior Publisher/Director of Media Relations.


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I am running a raw socket based communication between two computers (one is a device, but the same thing). I poll for a large (1K) packet several times a second, then send an ACK when I get it. This seems to work from several hours to days, then it blows up and locks up Windows. (XP, Vista, Win7, doesn't seem to matter)
I am rejecting bad packets (determined by mismatched size and/or missing sync bytes). I am also using select() to dynamically wait for responses.
Anyone seen this before or with an idea?


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Tossa de mar Costa Brava – Spain
Cliffs, pinewoods, coves and beaches make up the coastal profile of the county of La Selva, the setting for Tossa de Mar. The most southerly sector of the Costa Brava offers tourists an incredible range of history, art and leisure on the shores of the Mediterranean Sea. This town in the province of Girona makes available to travellers a wide and varied range of accommodation made to measure for all tastes. The cuisine, another of the cultural riches of this area, will convince the most refined palates.


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This change impacts every food label in your grocery store
Those "Nutrition Facts" labels on nearly every food package in grocery stores are getting a new look.
Calories would be in larger, bolder type, and consumers for the first time would know whether foods had added sugars under label changes being proposed by the Obama administration.
Serving sizes would be updated to make them more realistic. A serving of ice cream, for example, would double to a full cup, closer to what people actually eat.
The new nutrition labels are likely several years away.
While fat was the focus two decades ago when the labels first were introduced, nutritionists are now more concerned with how many calories we eat.
First lady Michelle Obama is joining the Food and Drug Administration in announcing the proposed changes Thursday.


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KABUL, Afghanistan (CNN) — President Barack Obama, speaking early Wednesday in Afghanistan at the tail end of a surprise visit there, discussed how the war will end and promised a steady drawdown of U.S. troops.
Obama committed to pulling 23,000 troops out of the country by the end of summer and sticking to the 2014 deadline to turn security fully over to the Afghan government. He also said that NATO will set a goal this month for Afghan forces to be in the lead for combat operations next year.
"We will not build permanent bases in this country, nor will we be patrolling its cities and mountains. That will be the job of the Afghan people," the president said during a speech at Bagram Air Base.
His trip was Obama's third visit to Afghanistan since taking office. It coincided with the first anniversary of the U.S. raid that killed Osama bin Laden in neighboring Pakistan.
Obama said his administration has been in direct talks with the Taliban. "We've made it clear that they can be a part of this future if they break with al Qaeda, renounce violence, and abide by Afghan laws … The path to peace is now set before them," he said.
And the president promised not to keep troops in harm's way "a single day longer than is absolutely required for our national security. But we must finish the job we started in Afghanistan, and end this war responsibly."
"This time of war began in Afghanistan, and this is where it will end," Obama said.
Earlier in the trip, Obama and Afghan President Hamid Karzai signed an agreement outlining cooperation between their countries once the U.S.-led international force withdraws in 2014.
Some U.S. forces will remain in a post-war Afghanistan as military advisers, but both U.S. and Afghan officials have yet to decide on how many troops will continue supporting the Afghan military, and for how long.
At a signing ceremony for the Strategic Partnership Agreement, Obama said that neither country asked for the war that began more than a decade earlier, but now they would work in partnership for a peaceful future.
"There will be difficult days ahead, but as we move forward in our transition, I'm confident that Afghan forces will grow stronger; the Afghan people will take control of their future," Obama said.
Addressing a concern in Afghanistan that the United States will abandon the country once its troops leave, Obama said, "With this agreement, I am confident that the Afghan people will understand that the United States will stand by them."
He later added that the United States "did not come here to claim resources or to claim territory. We came here with a very clear mission to destroy al Qaeda," referring to the terrorist organization responsible for the September 11, 2001, attacks.
Obama's address came nine years to the day after then-President George W. Bush delivered his "Mission Accomplished" speech aboard the aircraft carrier USS Abraham Lincoln, announcing the end of major combat operations in Iraq.
Karzai offered his thanks to the American people for helping Afghanistan, and the presidents shook hands after signing the document in the atrium of the King's Residence, part of the Presidential Palace in Kabul.
"This agreement will close the season of the past 10 years and is going to open an equal relationship season. With the signing of this agreement, we are starting a phase between two sovereign and independent countries that will be based on mutual respect, mutual commitments and mutual friendship," the Afghan president said.
Obama warned the Afghan people and, later, U.S. troops he met with, of difficult days ahead. In remarks to troops at Bagram, Obama sounded emotional as he said that soldiers could see friends get hurt or killed as the mission winds down.
"There's going to heartbreak and pain and difficulty ahead, but there's a light on the horizon because of the sacrifices you've made," he said.
The security risks in Afghanistan were evident from the secretive nature and timing of the trip. Obama landed in Afghanistan in the cover of darkness, and the signing ceremony occurred in the late evening.
The Strategic Partnership Agreement provides a framework for the U.S.-Afghanistan partnership for the decade after the U.S. and allied troop withdrawal, according to senior administration officials who briefed reporters on the flight.
Specific levels of U.S. forces and funding are not set in the agreement and will be determined by the United States in consultation with allies, the officials said on condition of not being identified.
Noting the anniversary of the bin Laden mission, the officials called it a resonant day for the Afghan and American people.
More than 130,000 troops from 50 countries serve in Afghanistan, according to the NATO-led International Security and Assistance Force. The United States is the biggest contributor, providing about 90,000 troops, followed by the United Kingdom (9,500), Germany (4,800) and France (3,600).
The war that began in 2001 is increasingly unpopular in the United States, with the latest CNN/ORC International poll in late March showing 25% of respondents supporting it and 72% opposing it.
More than 2,700 troops from the United States and its partners have died in the war, the majority of them American.
In 2011, the United States outlined its plan to withdraw its troops from Afghanistan by the end of 2014. The move was followed by withdrawal announcements by most of the NATO nations.
Last week, Afghan National Security Adviser Rangin Daftar Spanta and U.S. Ambassador Ryan Crocker initialed a text that outlined the kind of relationship the two countries want in the decade following the NATO withdrawal.
The deal had been long expected after Washington and Kabul found compromises over the thorny issues of "night raids" by U.S. forces on Afghan homes and the transfer of U.S. detainees to Afghan custody.
It seeks to create an enduring partnership that prevents the Taliban from waiting until the U.S. withdrawal to try to regain power, the senior administration officials said.
Obama visited Afghanistan in March 2010 and returned in December of the same year. He also visited Afghanistan in 2008 as a presidential candidate.
CNN's Tom Cohen, Barbara Starr, Keating Holland, Nick Paton Walsh and journalist Masoud Popalzai contributed to this report.


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The Lady Bisons jumped out to an 8-2 lead. Stetson, which missed its first seven shots from the field, rallied to take a 12-11 lead with 11:12 remaining in the first half.
With 8:44 left before intermission the Lady Bisons led 18-16 on a layup by center Jess Reece. It would be the Lady Bisons last lead in the game.
Stetson went on a 16-1 scoring streak from 8:30 to 5:01 and never looked back. The Lady Bisons trailed 42-23 at halftime.
"All of a sudden our defensive transition, ball pressure and help were gone," Lipscomb coach Frank Bennett said. "We just couldn't get it back. We couldn't rally. It probably gave them some confidence.
"Stetson is very athletic and very talented and they are playing very well. We had to be really sharp. We weren't and they made us look bad."
The Lady Bisons gave Stetson a battle in the second half, scoring 30 points while holding Stetson to 36.
"We showed some fight coming out in the second half," Bennett said. "But we missed some layups and some open shots. You have to finish those shots. There isn't a margin for error when you are trying to catch up like that."
When the Lady Bisons beat Stetson 73-72 in overtime at DeLand, Fla., Jan. 3 the Hatters placed six players in double figures for the first time in 11 seasons. They repeated that feat in Monday's win with Jessica Conner leading the way with 16 points.
Stetson shot 55.2 percent from the field, hitting 32-of-58 attempts. They hit eight-of-14 from the 3-point arc, a 57.1 percent success rate. That was the highest shooting percentage the Lady Bisons have allowed this season.
"Stetson has seven or eight good, athletic players," Bennett said. "They are executing well with confidence. We had to stop them as a team, not as individuals."
Lipscomb guard Anna Bowers scored a game-high 18 points. Guard Jenna Bartsokas added 10.
The Lady Bisons shot 35.3 percent overall from the floor, connecting on 18-of-51 shots. They also shot 35.3 percent from 3-point range, hitting six-of-17.
Forward Brittany Duerk pulled down a game-high and season-high 11 rebounds for the Lady Bisons. Center Natasha Graboski led Stetson with nine boards.
Stetson held a 36-27 rebounding advantage.
The Lady Bisons are 8-14, 5-8 in the A-Sun. Stetson is 11-10, 7-5 in the conference.
"It was an embarrassing situation for us," Bennett said. "It puts more pressure on us to be ready to play on the road this weekend having missed this opportunity at home."
The Lady Bisons are on the road in Florida this week with a stop at North Florida Thursday night and a visit to Jacksonville Saturday.
Written by Mark McGee, Senior Publisher/Director of Media Relations.


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Diet Can and Does Affect Your Dog's and Cat's Mental Health
Cats, dogs and humans have more serotonin in the gastrointestinal tract (GI tract) than in the brain. A diet that disrupts that natural balance of the GI tract adversely affects brain function and moods. A diet which exposes your dog or cat to heavy metals and toxins creates toxic loading on your pet's entire system including the brain. Canine dementia (Canine Alzheimer's) is caused by the same triggers that cause human Alzheimer's. Heavy metals present in processed food, chemical toxic overload etc. Just because a food is advertised as natural, holistic, organic does not mean that the food conforms to any of those terms. For example if one or more of the ingredients in an Organic pet food are sourced from China – organic becomes meaningless, more on that further below.Life Expectancy for Canines and Felines is Decreasing – not Increasing
A truly good diet, when approached holistically is:
A truly good diet, when approached holistically is:
- Your dog's and cat's best defense against infections, other illness, insects and parasites, chronic disease and injury
- Of prime importance in treating and remedying health issues
- Of prime importance for mental and physical health and longevity
- An amazing tool to mitigate and/or eliminate dependency on conventional drugs
- A invaluable way to save you heart ache and copious amounts of money thrown away on unnecessary, inappropriate and/or ineffective treatments prescribed by some veterinarians.
Prior to the 1950′s the expected lifespan for a dog was twice what it is today. Golden retriever's are now known as the 'Cancer Dog' – with life expectancy hovering around the 9 to 10 year mark. If this was pre-1950 you could expect your Golden to live 17 to 18 years.
Shocking – yes.
Preventable – yes…
But only if you put in place a holistic plan for your dog's and cat's health and well being.
Why is Canine and Feline Health on the Decline?
Dogs and cats are over-exposed to antibiotics, over medicated, over vaccinated, over-prescribed chemical-based insect and parasite preventatives and are on diets that do not support short or long term mental and physical health. I avoid these health deteriorating pit-falls with my own dogs and assist my client's to do the same.
Chronic disease in our canine and feline companions is on a rapid upward trajectory - just as it is in our human population. Inflammatory diseases such as arthritis, cancer, colitis, diabetes, oral health issues such as gingivitis – more than 160 inflammatory diseases are on the rise. Acid reflux, canine Alzheimer's (also known as canine dementia), thyroid and gastrointestinal conditions, urinary tract issues (infections, crystals, stones) – the panacea of illness affecting our animal companions is on a sharp upward tract. While conventional drugs can be used to treat a symptom, such drugs do not form the basis for a long-term remedy. Conventional drugs can cause mild to extreme adverse reactions – and in the short and long term they can also trigger other serious health conditions.
While cancer can be said to be a 'naturally' occurring condition, a condition for which canines and humans have been subject to for many thousands of years – the broad array of cancer types and the number of dogs acquiring cancer can no longer be categorized as 'natural'.
Cancer's expanded repertoire is a man-made situation.
Why is the incidence of cancer so high?
Chronic Infections
In 2012 and 2013 ear infections were the #1 reason for a trip to the veterinarian in the category of non-life threatening conditions. Why is the incidence of ear infections so high? The largest single trigger is commercial processed dog 'food'. Other significant contributing factors are commercial dental care products, shampoo, off-the-shelf and prescription spot-on and ingested insect parasite preventatives, other conventional drugs, over vaccination, household cleaning products, lawn and garden chemicals, etc.
The allopathic veterinarian's standard response to an ear infection is prescription of conventional antibiotics. The allopath seeks to treat the symptom (in this case the ear infection) but does not take a strategic and informed approach to remedying the root cause of the symptom. The end-result – chronic ear infections and now an increasing incidence of dogs and cats with antibiotic resistance, a life threatening condition.
The antibiotic suppress the immune system leaving the dog or cat susceptible to further infection. The allopathic veterinarian will often prescribe additional conventional drugs – steroids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as prednisone which further destabilize the health of the dog or cat. Meanwhile the root cause of the chronic condition is not addressed or may be incorrectly addressed via prescription dog or cat food (some of the worst food you can give your dog or cat).
In addition to these unfortunate choices of intervention, the allopathic veterinarian may prescribe a conventional topical treatment (i.e. shampoo, ear drops, skin ointment). These conventional topical treatments typically contain toxins, carcinogens and known allergens.
To make matters worse not all holistic veterinarians are actually holistic in their approach.So if you have been struggling to assist your dog or cat with chronic ear infections, eye infections, paw and skin infections, you now have more insight as to why your veterinarian's approach failed.
I choose a truly holistic approach becasue it is a strategic approach designed to prevent and resolve issues – not mask and worsen issues. A true holistic approach maintains health naturally – from the inside out, addressing overall well-being.
Dog and Cat 'Food'
The pet food industry leverages hot words like 'holistic', 'natural', 'balanced nutrition', 'species appropriate', biologically appropriate'. Did you know that these terms are not regulated?
The majority of 'food' products available in pet stores and veterinarian offices are processed (as opposed to whole, natural, unaltered) foods. These processed foods are stripped of their original nutritive value from over-processing after which synthetic additives are added to compensate. These products contain both listed ingredients and hidden ingredients. The listed ingredients in many products pose major health issues for you dog or cat, as do the hidden ingredients.
1. How to analyze / understand the listed ingredients;
2. How to look for analyze / understand the hidden ingredients;
3. The ins-and-outs of canine and feline dietary requirements;
2. You are at the mercy of the pet-food and veterinary industry.
Unfortunately approval of food ingredients (listed and unlisted) and food composition by organizations such as AAFCO, Health Canada and the FDA are no assurance of quality nor of safety.
Even the ASPCA gets it wrong when it comes to listing foods that are good and bad for your dog. Coconut, dairy (specifically cheese, yogurt), garlic, lemon, herbal tea are just a few of the valuable nutraceuticals and herbs that the ASPCA writes-off as 'dangerous' for dogs. When used as they should be these nutraceuticals an herbs are very beneficial for the majority of dogs. Yet truly dangerous substances for dogs and cats such as corn are not listed by the ASPCA as dangerous. This is just shameful.
The pet industry is without a doubt a difficult place to navigate.
Unbiased information, not tainted by corporate sponsorship, lobbyists, greed and misinformation is hard to find.
Unbiased information, not tainted by corporate sponsorship, lobbyists, greed and misinformation is hard to find.
Dogs and cats deserve better of mankind.
Providing my clients with unbiased information is something that I feel very strongly about.
Providing my clients with unbiased information is something that I feel very strongly about.


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A former Vancouver insurance agent has been charged with theft and forgery for allegedly collecting about $15,000 in commissions by creating fictitious applicants for insurance policies.
Julie Anne Goss, 43, an independent agent for AFLAC, was arraigned last week in Clark County Superior Court.
The scam came to light after the owner of a restaurant in Battle Ground, Wash. told AFLAC that she'd received premium bills for two "employees" that had never worked there.
AFLAC investigated, and it turned out that Goss wrote dozens of policies for 15 people that either weren't employees at the named businesses or apparently didn't exist. In other cases, she wrote policies for real employees, but they said they hadn't applied for the coverage.
In each case, Goss stood to get a commission for the policy. All told, the investigator found, between August 2010 and January 2011, Goss wrote 91 fraudulent insurance policies and collected more than $15,000 in commissions for them.
The company canceled its contract with Goss in March 2011 and reported the matter to our Special Investigations Unit. After investigating further, we revoked Goss' insurance license in January 2012. The charges against her were filed in late June.
If you suspect insurance fraud and you live in Washington state, please report it.
If you suspect insurance fraud and you live in Washington state, please report it.


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Field Operations Division
The Field Operations Division is led by a Police Captain and four Police Lieutenants who share the leadership responsibilities for completing our operational mission with seven Police Sergeants and one Animal Services Supervisor.
The Field Operations Division has the most contact with our community. Of the 93 sworn members in the Tracy Police Department, 54 are in this division and most are uniform patrol officers.
The Field Operations Division includes many specialized units that address a wide variety of policing problems such as the Special Enforcement Team (SET), Traffic Unit, Community Preservation Unit, and Animal Services.
The backbone of the Field Operations Division is the uniformed police officer who is responsible for providing the round-the-clock "first responder" capability of the Police Department. The officers of the Field Operations Division respond to all types of calls, from parking complaints to homicides. When not answering calls for service, officers are responsible for self-initiated activity in either enforcing our laws or preventing crime through their interaction with the public.


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Educational administrators, especially in colleges and universities, love to reorganize things. It gives them something to do and proves the value of their positions.
Educational administrators, especially in colleges and universities, love to reorganize things. It gives them something to do and proves the value of their positions.
Reorganization efforts usually mean two things: longer titles and a need for more administrators.
With that in mind, it's interesting to see an attempt to reduce the number of educational administrators on a university campus, at least at the top level. That's one feature of a restructuring plan Dr. Joel Anderson, chancellor of the University of Arkansas at Little Rock, will ask the UA Board of Trustees to consider during its November meeting.
Anderson announced his proposal last week in a couple of lengthy memos, accompanied by the organizational charts needed to visualize the plan.
Keep in mind that the UALR administration is just a secondary layer of the UA system organization. It's one of six 4-year universities, and there are also five 2-year colleges under the same umbrella. Plus, the system has six other units, such as the Clinton School of Public Service and the Arkansas School for Mathematics, Sciences and the Arts.
Each campus has a chancellor and a network of vice chancellors, associate vice chancellors and even some assistant vice chancellors to administer various functions.
At the top level of the structure is the system administration, which is headed by a president. In the UA's case it's Dr. Donald Bobbitt, who became UA president in late 2011. Bobbitt's annual salary of $355,000 is at least $35,000 higher than any of his chancellors, but it's only a fraction of what the university pays its Razorback football and basketball coaches.
The UA system organization also includes a host of vice presidents, associate vice presidents and legal counsels (amazingly, 13 of those); the system website's directory lists 43 in all.
Anyway, Anderson proposes to reduce the number of vice chancellors from seven to four. This became a possibility, he explained in his first memo, because three vice chancellors retired in June.
Apparently, that provoked some discussion about whether those vice chancellors had actually been necessary, and the conclusion was that the university can operate more successfully and more responsively by eliminating three high-level positions in a reorganization plan.
Of course, that would mean some longer titles and some new positions. The vice chancellor for academic programs and provost would become the executive vice chancellor for academic programs and provost. Provost, by the way, has become a popular title for the chief administrator for academic affairs, but the feeling seems to be that the longer, more explanatory title is still needed, too.
Since the Student Affairs Division would be folded into the Academic Affairs Division, there would be no need for a vice chancellor of student affairs. But the plan would create a new administrative position — vice provost for student life.
In fact, the provost would supervise six people called vice provost, associate provost or associate vice chancellor, as well as a bunch of deans and program directors.
There's no indication in either of the memos that the reorganization will allow for the elimination of any administrative positions or save any money.
However, Anderson hinted in his first memo that funding may be a concern for UALR.
"Of specific concern, our enrollment growth has stalled and is down," he wrote. "As is true of other public institutions across the nation, the share of our budget funded by the state has been in steady decline. The share of our budget funded by student tuition and fees has been on a steady incline. Therefore, our ability to attract and retain students will determine UALR's immediate and long-term future."
The reorganization, he said, is "intended in part to respond to public policy makers, donors, grantors, parents and students who want to hear about the university's business model, our cost per student, our market share, our revenue streams, our performance metrics, our retention rates, our graduation rates and more."
One of the reasons public colleges and universities are having trouble attracting public funding is the perception that they already have plenty of money. That perception is not helped when one UA division can overspend its budget by $4 million over two years, and the deficit can easily be erased by transferring reserve funds from elsewhere.
On a more regular basis, though, colleges and universities expand their administrative staffs almost at will, paying salaries that few businesses can afford to low-level administrators. We see a vice president for university governmental affairs at the University of Central Arkansas hired at $100,000, more than we pay the governor. We see an assistant vice president for agricultural extension at UA making nearly $200,000, much more than most full professors.
The real growth in staffing at public colleges and universities, even those with steadily higher enrollments, tends to be in administration and support staff.
For example, the full-time instructional staff at Arkansas State University in Jonesboro grew from 459 in 2007 to 487 in 2012. But the total of professional nonfaculty staff grew from 366 to 480 during the same period. Executive administrative positions actually declined slightly, but technical and paraprofessional staffing climbed by 70 positions.
Reorganization can be useful if it includes a hard look at whether all administrative positions are necessary. Just changing titles doesn't mean much.
Roy Ockert is editor emeritus of The Jonesboro Sun. He may be reached by e-mail at firstname.lastname@example.com.


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You can see a wonderful golden tabernacle and monstrance by Egino Weinert in the Gaukirche of Paderborn in Germany. You can pray his Stations of the Cross in the parish church of Strassen in Luxembourg or at St. Vincent de Paul's in Huntington Beach, Calif. You can admire his decorations at a college in Portugal or a chapel in Cairo. There are many examples of his work scattered throughout Scandinavia. But you can also get a very good sense of his style and spirituality by visiting The Cloisters, the medieval division of New York's Metropolitan Museum of Art. The Treasury there boasts the central plaque of a late 12th-century Limoges cross in champlevé enamel and copper gilt. Against a brilliant blue, green and golden background, the chalk-white torso of the crucified Christ and his startlingly rose-colored face display a matchless serenity. The bold color, simplified forms and emotional immediacy are entirely in the key of an artist who now, in his 83rd year, has crafted nothing more proudly than crosses.
Born on March 3, 1920, in Berlin to devout Catholic parents as the eldest of five children, the young Günter Przybylski had the good fortune to hear Romano Guardini preach and to see exhibitions of paintings by German Expressionists like Emil Nolde and Max Pechstein. While preparing to receive first Communion he was greatly attracted to the priesthood but then decided, in 1934, to enter the Benedictine abbey at Münsterschwarzach in Franconia. There he received the name Egino, and some years later his father changed the family name to Weinert. Egino's dream, to be at once a painter and a missionary, yielded to a young monk's service in the community, but he was gradually allowed to apprentice in sacred painting, and he passed his goldsmith's examination with distinction in 1941.
Jailed for refusing to say "Heil Hitler," Weinert was later drafted into military service and took every opportunity that presented itself during the difficult war years to work with other artists. While visiting his parents in Berlin in 1945, he lost his entire right hand when an electrical fuse proved to have explosives hidden in it. Undeterred, he taught himself to write and paint with his left hand and, having returned after the war to the monastery, was finally sent to attend art school in Cologne. In 1949 he was refused final vows, left the monastery and found himself, bitter but still believing, alone in the world.
But in 1951 he married Anneliese Leopold, who was to be the mother of his four children. Eventually he settled in Cologne in the Marzellenstrasse, not far from the cathedral, and built a house and studio where he remains to this day.
Commissions and honors gradually increased for the struggling artist. Early on he was helped by the great popularity of the small crosses he made for children receiving Communion. (He estimates that he has done designs for more than 300 larger crosses.) His enamel designs proved to reproduce beautifully on cards and calendars. He delighted in crafting chalices for young priests and became popular with American visitors to his shop. Pope Paul VI admired a cup-shaped chalice that Egino told him the cathedral chapter in Cologne had considered unacceptable—but that the pope declared blessed through his own use. In 1985, with his second wife, Waltraud, whom he had married after the death of Anneliese, he attended the consecration of the chapel of the Pontifical Academy of Sacred Music in Rome, which he had decorated and which Pope John Paul II said was among the most beautiful he had ever consecrated.
The continuity of Egino Weinert's work, artistically and religiously, is remarkable. His simplified, sinuous forms recall Ernst Barlach and seem of themselves to demand the bold colors, dramatic and yet tender, of his unblended palette. His unerring sense of scale, indebted to medieval stained glass and Netherlandish primitives, enables him clearly to distinguish principal figures and onlookers in settings that are detailed but never crowded. He has a miniaturist's sense of intimacy and yet the elemental feeling of Georges Rouault, whom he has long admired. Perhaps the lovely miracle of his art has been possible because it has indeed been his mission. "I want to see the whole Bible with the eyes of our time and let it become plastic," he says. "For me Christ is not an otherworldly figure floating over humanity in a long robe. He is in our midst as a simple farmhand or a cabinet-maker"—or as a good shepherd, as were generations of Egino Weinert's ancestors.