text:
Guthrie helps Royals beat Orioles
Baltimore wins series against Kansas City
Alex Gordon and Eric Hosmer homered in a four-run fourth inning, Jeremy Guthrie pitched effectively against his former team and the Kansas City Royals defeated the Baltimore Orioles 6-2 Thursday night to avoid a three-game sweep.
Gordon and Hosmer both connected against Freddy Garcia (0-1) with a runner on. It was Gordon's third home run in three games and Hosmer's first in 145 at-bats dating back to last year.
Mike Moustakas also homered for the Royals, who snapped a three-game skid and averted being swept for the first time this season. The three home runs were a season high for Kansas City, which began the game with an AL-low 19 long balls.
Facing the Orioles for the first time since they traded him to Colorado in February 2012, Guthrie (5-0) allowed one earned run, seven hits and three walks in six innings to lower his ERA to 2.28.
During his five seasons with Baltimore, Guthrie won 47 games and started three times on opening day. The right-hander has been a star for the Royals since his arrival last July -- he's 10-0 since Aug. 8 and has gone a franchise-record 18 straight starts without a loss.
Chris Davis homered for the Orioles, whose season-high run of four straight wins ended. It was the fourth time this year that Baltimore missed a sweep by losing the final game of a series.
Making his second start with the Orioles, Garcia gave up four runs, five hits and a walk in six innings.
Baltimore got an unearned run in the second inning, courtesy of shortstop Alcides Escobar's third error in two games. After Escobar's poor throw enabled Adam Jones to reach first, Matt Wieters singled and J.J. Hardy drove in a run with a bloop single to center.
It was the first time in three starts that Guthrie gave up a run. He was coming off his first career shutout, a four-hitter against the White Sox
Garcia retired the first 10 batters he faced, a streak that ended when Lorenzo Cain got an infield single with one out in the fourth. Gordon followed with a shot over the right-field scoreboard, and after Billy Butler singled, Hosmer hit an opposite-field drive into the left-field seats.
Davis got the Orioles to 4-2 in the bottom half with his 10th home run.
Moustakas greeted rookie reliever T.J. McFarland with a leadoff homer in the seventh. Moustakas also homered on Wednesday night.


text:
Deluxe Rug Pad
$35 - $375 Regular
$26 - $281 Member
Exceptionally dense and resilient, our Deluxe Rug Pad offers superb protection against color transfer, marring and staining of hardwood floors or carpeting. When used under rugs where a rug pad is recommended or required, it extends the life of the finest quality area rugs by reducing wear and tear. Our 44-oz., ultra-thick rug pad provides cushion and comfort underfoot, reduces wrinkles for safety and creates a non-slip layer that keeps the rug in place to make vacuuming easier. May be trimmed to fit non-standard-sized rugs. Green Label Plus Certified. Made in the USA. 100% recycled fibers.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Three years ago when Donna Love started working to build nature playgrounds at Hurlburt Field, she had no idea the impact her efforts would have.
Three years ago when Donna Love started working to build nature playgrounds at Hurlburt Field, she had no idea the impact her efforts would have.
She�d heard research about how being outdoors in a natural setting reduces stress for children and helps them develop mentally and emotionally.
Learn more about nature playgrounds. >>
As a manpower and personnel manager for the Air Force Special Operations Command, she thought it would be good to incorporate nature in playgrounds for military children.
By the next year, with an enthusiastic team helping her, three nature playgrounds had been developed. They featured grass instead of rubber play areas, a tree circle, wooden blocks for building, a deck, a garden where children could grow vegetables, sugar cane and flowers, and a butterfly garden.
The feedback was almost immediate.
Love, now 64, said staff members began talking about how engaged and creative the children were.
Before the playgrounds were built, kids at the youth centers wanted to stay indoors because they had video games and other toys.
All that changed after the playgrounds were built.
�You wouldn�t find the center packed with children,� Love said recently from her home in Niceville. �They would be out creating and exploring and doing all sorts of wonderful things.�
Read more about connecting children with nature. >>
Others took notice.
�As we began doing that, other people from the Department of Defense started asking us for our expertise,� Love said. �We were able to kind of lead the way.�
Now, the Department of Defense is trying to implement those types of playgrounds at bases nationwide.
Love�s team was dispatched to Cannon Air Force Base to help develop playgrounds there. They also were called in to consult with the Navy.
She also has been invited to national and international conferences to speak about her program.
Although they didn�t know it, Love and her team were poised at the leading edge of a movement.
Read more about the movement to reconnect children and families to nature. >>
She will be recognized for her achievements Saturday when she receives the Rachel Carson Award from the Arbor Day Foundation in Nebraska City, Neb.
�I�m very honored to receive the award,� she said. �But as with all awards, there are a lot of people who did a lot of work as a team to make this happen.�
Love recently has been diagnosed with the rare neuroendocrine cancer, but has stayed involved in the nature playground movement. She has started a Facebook page titled �Nature Playgrounds� to share information.
Love and her husband raised their children while he was in the military. She said she knows firsthand the challenges those families face.
�This was a way of giving back,� she said. �I think military children absolutely deserve the very best we can give them. If it was in our power to give them something that was going to improve their lives, then there was no reason not to do it.�


text:
Former alphalinux.org content
The original content from the alphalinux.org website is available. Peter Petrakis has very kindly uploaded it to GitHub. Thanks also to Rich Payne.
You can choose between browsing files on the Github alphalinux project website, or getting a copy of the entire original site using "git clone".
Content categories:
|Github web
|Git clone command
|alphalinux.org site archive
git clone git://github.com/alphalinux/web
|Archive of alphalinux mailing lists including the axp-list
git clone git://github.com/alphalinux/lists
|SRM firmware archive
git clone git://github.com/alphalinux/firmware
Commands for git clone:
$ git clone git://github.com/alphalinux/web $ git clone git://github.com/alphalinux/lists $ git clone git://github.com/alphalinux/firmware
The OpenOffice 1.0.2 build for Alpha architecture file (OpenOffice1.0.2.Alpha.tar.bz2) was too large to be uploaded to Github so can be downloaded separately. Note: This file has not been tested. The original mailing list post relating to this build may be this one.
Archive.org site
You can also still view the old www.alphalinux.org website using archive.org. The last copy of the old site was on 10th Sep 2014.


text:
San Francisco -- OpenTable announced the 2012 Diners' Choice Award winners for the Top 100 Scenic View Restaurants in the United States. The poll honored five San Diego dining favorites including The Marine Room, Bali Hai Restaurant, Bertand at Mister A's, Il Fornaio – Coronado, and Island Prime. These awards reflect the combined opinions of more than 5 million reviews submitted by verified OpenTable diners for more than 15,000 restaurants in all 50 states and the District of Columbia. The winners span 29 states with California handily outpacing the pack with 37 honorees (see the complete press release and winners at Wine & Dine San Diego)
A few weeks ago, we just happened to cut out of work early on a Friday to try Bali Hai for lunch. We eagerly returned this afternoon to graze through the Pau Hana – Happy Hour menu, with a particular craving for the Hawaiian Tuna Poke Stack ($15 regularly, $10 during Happy Hour). We also loved the Mango Chili Calamari ($9) and Char Siu Pork & Pineapple Tamales. Our full review is published on Wine & Dine San Diego, but I also wanted to share it with you here.
Bali Hai: Tiki Time on Shelter Island
Coming Home to Bali Hai
Story and photos by Denise E. Jones, Wine & Dine San Diego Reporter
Bali Ha'i may call you,
Any night, any day,
In your heart, you'll hear it call you:
"Come away...Come away."
Bali Ha'i will whisper
In the wind of the sea:
"Here am I, your special island!
Come to me, come to me!"
SAN DIEGO - In 1955, legendary restaurateur Tom Ham named his new showplace after the song popularized by the musical South Pacific. The Bali Hai was Shelter Island's first "tiki temple," and in its wake, the restaurant drew more tiki temples to Shelter Island, including the Half Moon Inn, Shelter Island Inn and Kona Inn. With its colorful history, authentic artifacts, sweeping bay and city views, freshly restyled restaurant and lounge and new executive chef, Bali Hai is calling you to experience sun-kissed summer menus offering distinctively vibrant fusion cuisine.
We recently enjoyed a leisurely Friday lunch in the bright, airy upstairs dining room, at a table nestled against the floor-to-ceiling windows. Guests also can choose seating on the newly constructed, 500-square-foot redwood deck to take full advantage of warm sunshine, bay breezes, cruising pelicans and diving terns. Renowned architect Graham Downes exceeded expectations in enhancing and embellishing Bali Hai's allure, including restoration of the famous original tikis – The Goof on the Roof, with its vibrant King Kamehameha colors, and Mr. Bali Hai, who welcomes guests at the front entrance.
Bali Hai has been family-operated for more than five decades, and owners Larry and Susie Baumann or one of their three sons may be on hand to welcome you. Larry was present that day, catering to both a wedding party and a celebration of a new Marine's graduation from boot camp. Larry provides complimentary lunches to MCRD graduates and donates to the Wounded Warriors Foundation. The Bali Hai always has been a popular venue for weddings, graduations, birthdays and other events given in its private dining rooms, outdoor spaces and gardens, but lunch convinced me that the "new" Bali Hai now offers outstanding cuisine, too.
The restaurant recently took home a Gold Medallion Award for Best Pacific Rim cuisine awarded by the San Diego County Chapter of the California Restaurant Association.
A late lunch demands a cocktail, and several are designed to ensure smooth sailing into the weekend. The ever-popular and mighty Mai Tai, a tantalizing combination of light and dark rums and triple sec, packs a tropical punch that you won't forget. Lighter options like the Acai Cosmopolitan may be smarter for those wearing heels or driving.
The lunch menu showcases inventive pupus, signature salads, sandwiches and house specials. Refreshing takes on old favorites include the Hawaiian tuna poke stack ($15), the Island sashimi salad ($18) and rock shrimp tacos ($13). We were very impressed by the delectable flavors and beautiful presentations. Neither of us could stop poking the poke stack with chopsticks; the dish generously layered sushi rice, creamy avocado, crunchy tobiko caviar and flavorful poke, garnished with julienned nori and a scattering of fried won ton strips. Good news: at happy hour, the poke stack costs $10. Gather up a group of friends, grab a table near the monumental bar, and cruise through the Pau Hana (a Hawaiian phrase meaning "after work") menu of such small plates as coconut shrimp, mango-chile calamari, char siu pork and pineapple tamales, wasabi fries and more ($4 - $10).
|Island Sashimi Salad
|Rock Shrimp Tacos
|Poke Stack (photo courtesy of Bali Hai)
During lunch, we also feasted on a salad of Asian cured salmon and beets ($12) complemented by peppery arugula, pickled fennel and surprisingly tasty tofu, all tossed in a Thai balsamic vinaigrette.
|Salmon and Beet Salad
The market-priced catch of the day, beautiful pan-seared local halibut topped with crab and pea shoots, was surrounded by tidal pools of coconut-corn puree, red pepper emulsion and basil seeds.
|Catch of the Day - Local Halibut
Unwilling to leave our special island too soon, we shared the caramel rum-roasted pineapple, deliciously sweet and sticky, lovingly paired with moist cinnamon crumb cake, a scoop of vanilla bean ice cream and a clever garnish of candied basil.
|Caramel Rum-Roasted Pineapple
Having read the dinner menu, we're eager to return for alluring options like seared diver scallops ($28) with glazed pork belly and sour kiwi sauce; miso-marinated black cod ($26) with furikake rice cake, tempura'd long beans and pickled shiitake mushrooms, and five-spiced duck breast ($25) with cauliflower puree, snap peas, duck confit and plum-orange glace.
|Five-Spiced Duck Breast (photo courtesy of Bali Hai)
Chef Ben Lieberman graciously stopped by the table and beamed with a passion and enthusiasm as bright as his smile. He discussed visiting farms on his way to work and how he developed a healthier style of cooking, which he uses in all the dishes he has created for Bali Hai.
|Chef Ben Lieberman (photo courtesy of Bali Hai)
The Bali Hai Restaurant is open for lunch and dinner, Monday through Saturday, and brunch and dinner on Sunday. Dinner reservations are strongly recommended.
Bali Hai Restaurant
2230 Shelter Island Drive
San Diego, CA 92106
(619) 222 – 1181
|Bali Hai (photo courtesy of Bali Hai)
|Monumental Tiki Bar (photo courtesy of Bali Hai)


text:
Articulately-challenged running back Emmitt Smith is frustrated with his former team, and he's blaming Cowboys quarterback Tony Romo and Wade Phillips for the Lombardi trophy drought in Big D, urging them to yell at more people.
Smith told Sirius' NFL radio that he's yet to see the smiley Romo "snatch somebody up" for not doing their job on the football field, which means, I assume, that he's never seen him be a leader nor kidnap a small child in a shopping mall.
And although Romo vowed to become more Col. Jessup this year, Smith isn't buying it.
So when ... you say things are going to change, and you've never been that dominant personality or in that leadership position then, as a player, you lose me," Smith said. "... I'm sitting there saying, 'OK, now you're going to become a leader?' What happened [in previous playoff seasons] when we got knocked out both times?
"Now all of a sudden, you're going to change? And our talent level is less than it was two years ago [when the Cowboys made the playoffs as the NFC's No. 1 seed, only to lose to the Giants]. How much better can we be?"
Prop bettors take note of the Cowboys 15/1 odds to win the Super Bowl this year because remember what happened when Tiki Barber decided to publicly criticize the quarterback and former coach of his former team.


text:
Gay Mens Boot Camp
THIS is the GAY MEN'S fitness boot camp program in NYC you've been hearing about! We are the FIRST and ONLY boot camp program devoted entirely to gay men!
The Stats:
- Monday/Wednesday/Friday for 4 weeks
- 6am – 7am
- Christopher Street Pier in the West Village, NYC
- HIIT workouts & performance-based TEAM training
- Each moment varies in intensity so you all you will get is RESULTS
- FAQ and MORE of WHAT TO EXPECT
GMBC is not about being better than the guy next to you. It's about being better than you were YESTERDAY.


text:
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text:
Found it interesting and useful to discuss here.
I just came across the phrase 'code 431.322.12' in some website's Disclaimer.
The disclaimer reads as
By entering the following site you are agreeing to the following:
You are not affiliated with any government, ANTI-Piracy group or any other related group, or were formally a worker of one. If you fit this category you are not permitted to enter the site, access any of its files nor view any of the HTML files. If you break these rules you are violating code 431.322.12 of the Internet Privacy Act signed by Bill Clinton in 1995 and that means that you CANNOT threaten our ISP(s) or any person(s) or company storing these files, and cannot prosecute any person(s) affiliated with this page which includes family, friends or individuals who run or enter this web site.
The true story is here
Please note that the websites in the above list may contain illegal/unethical material and there may be a serious risk of spam, phishing, identity theft etc. through them, so users should exercise precaution while visiting them.Some of the sites where I found this are


text:
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recently gave the public a set of tongue-in-cheek tips on how to survive the zombie apocalypse. Now the federal agency wants you to survive something that's potentially just as dangerous: wedding season.
The CDC's newly published Wedding Day Survival Guide warns that getting through "the big day" requires a great deal of planning, coordination and patience. There are a lot of reasons to be worried: Wedding season coincides with hurricane season, guests have a tendency to get lost, and every wedding offers a high risk of bridezillas or in-laws behaving badly.
One of the biggest challenges posed by a wedding is the swarm of guests and relatives who arrive from all corners of the globe. The CDC recommends appointing a "runner" to take care of last-minute errands and to act as a go-to person for any questions from out-of-town guests. A designated point person is also recommended in case of emergencies. All guests should know how to contact the runner; meanwhile, while the runner — and everyone in the wedding party — should have a list of emergency contacts at hand.
When considering the weather, the CDC recommends watching the forecast and keeping a bunch of umbrellas on hand. If the weather is more severe, such as a tornado, find out if the venue has a set of emergency plans or an escape route, which will help to alleviate panic (and make sure the entire wedding party doesn't end up hiding in a tiny basement).
The bride and other members of the wedding party might want to consider an emergency bridal kit containing safety pins, extra makeup and a few sedatives. (What the heck ... weddings can be stressful, after all.) A first-aid kit, snacks, water, cash and important documents related to the wedding are also useful to have on hand.
But what about bridezillas? If a bride gets out of hand or overly emotional, the CDC recommends remembering that your "loved one is probably stressed out and will soon return to her caring self after the wedding is over. Be supportive and have some bottled water from your emergency kit and a box of chocolate on hand."
The CDC offers no specific recommendations for dealing with difficult in-laws.
MNN tease photo: Shutterstock
More disaster planning stories from MNN and partners:
- How can I prepare myself and my pets for a disaster or emergency?
- Tips on preparing for natural disaster
- Disaster preparedness for renters


text:
Sultanate of Rum
|Sultanate of Seljuq
سلجوقیان روم
Saljūqiyān-i Rūm
Expansion of the Sultanate in c.1100-1240.
|Nicaea (İznik)
Iconium (Konya)
|Persian (official & literature)[1][2]
Old Anatolian Turkish[3]
|Political structure
|Mesud II
|Division from the Great Seljuq Empire
|Internal struggles
|400,000 km² (154,441 sq mi)
The Sultanate of Rum or Seljuk Sultanate of Rum (Persian: سلجوقیان روم, Saljūqiyān-i Rūm, Modern Turkish: Anadolu Selçuklu Devleti or Rum Sultanlığı) was a medieval Turko-Persian,[4] Sunni Muslim[5] state in Anatolia. It existed from 1077 to 1307, with capitals first at İznik and then at Konya. Since the court of the sultanate was highly mobile, cities like Kayseri and Sivas also functioned at times as capitals. At its height, the sultanate stretched across central Anatolia, from the shoreline of Antalya and Alanya on the Mediterranean coast to the territory of Sinop on the Black Sea. In the east, the sultanate absorbed other Turkish states and reached Lake Van. Its westernmost limit was near Denizli and the gates of the Aegean basin.
The term "Rûm" comes from the Arabic word for the Roman Empire. The Seljuqs called the lands of their sultanate Rum because it had been established on territory long considered "Roman", i.e. Byzantine, by Muslim armies.[6] The state is occasionally called the Sultanate of Konya (or Sultanate of Iconium) in older western sources and was known as Turkey by its contemporaries.[7]
The sultanate prospered, particularly during the late 12th and early 13th centuries when it took from the Byzantines key ports on the Mediterranean and Black Sea coasts. Within Anatolia the Seljuqs fostered trade through a program of caravanserai-building, which facilitated the flow of goods from Iran and Central Asia to the ports. Especially strong trade ties with the Genoese formed during this period. The increased wealth allowed the sultanate to absorb other Turkish states that had been established in eastern Anatolia after the Battle of Manzikert: the Danishmends, the Mengücek, the Saltukids, and the Artuqids. Seljuq sultans successfully bore the brunt of the Crusades but in 1243 succumbed to the advancing Mongols. The Seljuqs became vassals of the Mongols, following the battle of Kose Dag,[8] and despite the efforts of shrewd administrators to preserve the state's integrity, the power of the sultanate disintegrated during the second half of the 13th century and had disappeared completely by the first decade of the 14th.
In its final decades, the territory of the Sultanate of Rûm saw the emergence of a number of small principalities or beyliks, among which that of the Osmanoğlu, known later as the Ottomans, rose to dominance.
In the 1070s, after the battle of Manzikert, the Seljuq commander Suleyman bin Kutalmish, a distant cousin of Malik Shah and a former contender for the throne of the Great Seljuq Empire, came to power in western Anatolia. In 1075, he captured the Byzantine cities of Nicaea (İznik) and Nicomedia (İzmit). Two years later he declared himself sultan of an independent Seljuq state and established his capital at İznik.[9]
Suleyman was killed in Antioch in 1086 by Tutush I, the Seljuq ruler of Syria, and Suleyman's son Kilij Arslan I was imprisoned. When Malik Shah died in 1092, Kilij Arslan was released and immediately established himself in his father's territories. He was eventually defeated by soldiers of the First Crusade and driven back into south-central Anatolia, where he set up his state with capital in Konya. In 1107, he ventured east and captured Mosul but died the same year fighting Malik Shah's son Mehmed Tapar.
Meanwhile, another Rûm Seljuq, Melikshah (not to be confused with the Great Seljuq sultan of the same name), captured Konya. In 1116 Kilij Arslan's son, Mesud I, took the city with the help of the Danishmends. Upon Mesud's death in 1156, the sultanate controlled nearly all of central Anatolia. Mesud's son, Kilij Arslan II, captured the remaining territories around Sivas and Malatya from the last of the Danishmends. At the Battle of Myriokephalon in 1176, Kilij Arslan also defeated a Byzantine army led by Manuel I Comnenus, dealing a major blow to Byzantine power in the region. Despite a temporary occupation of Konya in 1190 by German forces of the Third Crusade, the sultanate was quick to recover and consolidate its power.
After the death of the last sultan of Great Seljuq, Tuğrul III, in 1194, the Seljuqs of Rum became the sole ruling representatives of the dynasty. Kaykhusraw I seized Konya from the Crusaders in 1205. Under his rule and those of his two successors, Kaykaus I and Kayqubad I, Seljuq power in Anatolia reached its apogee. Kaykhusraw's most important achievement was the capture of the harbour of Attalia (Antalya) on the Mediterranean coast in 1207. His son Kaykaus captured Sinop and made the Empire of Trebizond his vassal in 1214. He also subjugated Cilician Armenia but in 1218 was forced to surrender the city of Aleppo acquired from al-Kamil. Kayqubad continued to acquire lands along the Mediterranean coast from 1221 to 1225. In the 1220s, he sent an expeditionary force across the Black Sea to Crimea.[10] In the east he defeated the Mengüceks and began to pressure on the Artuqids.
Kaykhusraw II (1237–1246) began his reign by capturing the region around Diyarbekir, but in 1239 he had to face an uprising led by a popular preacher named Baba Ishak. After three years, when he had finally quelled the revolt, the Crimean foothold was lost and the state and the sultanate's army had weakened. It is in these conditions that he had to face a far more dangerous threat, that of the expanding Mongols. Mongol forces took Erzurum in 1242 and in 1243, the sultan was crushed by Bayju in the Battle of Köse Dag (a mountain between the cities of Sivas and Erzincan) and the Seljuq Turks were forced to swear allegiance to the Mongols and became their vassals.[11] The sultan himself had fled to Antalya after the 1243 battle, where he died in 1246, his death starting a period of tripartite, and then dual rule that lasted until 1260.
The Seljuq realm was divided among Kaykhusraw's three sons. The eldest, Kaykaus II (1246–1260), assumed the rule in the area west of the river Kızılırmak. His younger brothers, Kilij Arslan IV (1248–1265) and Kayqubad II (1249–1257) were set to rule the regions east of the river under Mongol administration. In October 1256, Bayju defeated Kaykaus II near Aksaray and all of Anatolia became officially subject to Möngke Khan. In 1260 Kaykaus II fled from Konya to Crimea where he died in 1279. Kilij Arslan IV was executed in 1265 and Kaykhusraw III (1265–1284) became the nominal ruler of all of Anatolia, with the tangible power exercised either by the Mongols or the sultan's influential regents.
The Seljuq state had started to split into small emirates (beyliks) that increasingly distanced themselves from both Mongol and Seljuq control. In 1277, responding to a call from Anatolia, the Mameluk sultan Baybars raided Anatolia and defeated the Mongols, temporarily replacing them as the administrator of the Seljuq realm. But since the native forces who had called him to Anatolia did not manifest themselves for the defense of the land, he had to return to his homebase in Egypt, and the Mongol administration was re-assumed, officially and severely.
Near the end of his reign, Kaykhusraw III could claim direct sovereignty only over lands around Konya. Some of the Beyliks (including the Ottomans in their very beginnings) and Seljuq governors of Anatolia continued to recognize, albeit nominally, the supremacy of the sultan in Konya, delivering the khutba in the name of the sultans in Konya in recognition of their sovereignty, and the sultans continued to call themselves Fahreddin, the Pride of Islam. When Kaykhusraw III was executed in 1284, the Seljuq dynasty suffered another blow from internal struggles which lasted until 1303 when the son of Kaykaus II, Mesud II, established himself as sultan in Kayseri. He was murdered in 1307 as well as his son Mesud III soon afterwards. A distant relative to the Seljuq dynasty momentarily installed himself as emir of Konya, but he was defeated and his lands conquered by the Karamanids in 1328. The sultanate's monetary sphere of influence lasted slightly longer and coins of Seljuq mint, generally considered to be of reliable value, continued to be used throughout the 14th century, once again, including by the Ottomans.
Culture and society[edit]
The Seljuk dynasty of Rum, as successors to the Great Seljuqs, based their political, religious and cultural heritage off the Perso-Islamic tradition,[12] even to the point of naming their sons with Persian names.[13] Though of Turkic origin, Rum Seljuks patronized Persian art, architecture, literature,[14] while they used Persian as a language of administration.[15] Moreover, Byzantine influence in the Sultanate was also significant, since Greek aristocracy remained part of the Seljuk nobility, and the local Greek population was numerous in the region.[16][17]
In their construction of caravanserais, medreses and mosques, the Rum Seljuks translated the Iranian Seljuk architecture of bricks and plaster into the use of stone.[18] Among these, the caravanserais (or hans), used as stops, trading posts and defense for caravans, and of which about a hundred structures were built during the Anatolian Seljuqs period, are particularly remarkable. Along with Persian influences, which had an indisputable effect,[19] Seljuk architecture was inspired by Christian and Muslim Armenians.[20] As such, Anatolian architecture represents some of the most distinctive and impressive constructions in the entire history of Islamic architecture. Later this Anatolian architecture would be transmitted to Sultanate India.[21]
The largest caravanserai is the 1229-built Sultan Han on the road between the cities of Konya and Aksaray, in the township of Sultanhanı depending the latter city, enclosing 3,900 square meters. There are two caravanserais that carry the name "Sultan Han", the other one being between Kayseri and Sivas. Furthermore, apart from Sultanhanı, five other towns across Turkey owe their names to caravanserais built there. These are Alacahan in Kangal, Durağan, Hekimhan and Kadınhanı, as well as the township of Akhan within Denizli metropolitan area. The caravanserai of Hekimhan is unique in having, underneath the usual inscription in Arabic with information relating to the edifice, two further inscriptions in Armenian and Syriac, since it was constructed by the sultan Kayqubad I's doctor (hekim) who is thought to have been a Christian by his origins, and to have converted to Islam. There are other particular cases like the settlement in Kalehisar site (contiguous to an ancient Hittite site) near Alaca, founded by the Seljuq commander Hüsameddin Temurlu who had taken refuge in the region after the defeat in the Battle of Köse Dağ, and had founded a township comprising a castle, a medrese, a habitation zone and a caravanserai, which were later abandoned apparently around the 16th century. All but the caravanserai, which remains undiscovered, was explored in the 1960s by the art historian Oktay Aslanapa, and the finds as well as a number of documents attest to the existence of a vivid settlement in the site, such as a 1463-dated Ottoman firman which instructs the headmaster of the medrese to lodge not in the school but in the caravanserai.
The Seljuk palaces, as well as their armies, were staffed with ghulams, youths taken from non-Muslim communities, mainly Greeks from former Byzantine territories, although such a practice violated the Muslim law. The Ghulam practice may had offered a model for the latter Devshirme during the times of the Ottoman Empire.[22]
The Dynasty[edit]
As regards the names of the sultans, there are variants in form and spelling depending on the preferences displayed by one source or the other, either for fidelity in transliterating the Persian-influenced variant of the Arabic script which the sultans used, or for a rendering corresponding to the modern Turkish phonology and orthography. Some sultans had two names that they chose to use alternatively in reference to their legacy. While the two palaces built by Alaeddin Keykubad I carry the names Kubadabad Palace and Keykubadiye Palace, he named his mosque in Konya as Alaeddin Mosque and the port city of Alanya he had captured as "Alaiye". Similarly, the medrese built by Kaykhusraw I in Kayseri, within the complex (külliye) dedicated to his sister Gevher Nesibe, was named Gıyasiye Medrese, and the one built by Izzeddin Keykavus I in Sivas as Izzediye Medrese.
|1. Kutalmish
|Contended with Alp Arslan for succession to Great Seljuq throne.
|2. Suleiman ibn Qutulmish
|1075-1077 de facto rules Turkmen around İznik and İzmit; 1077–1086 recognised Rum Sultan by Malik I
|Founder of Anatolian Seljuq Sultanate with capital in İznik
|3. Kilij Arslan I
|First sultan in Konya
|4. Malik Shah
|5. Masud I
|6. 'Izz al-Din Kilij Arslan II
|7. Giyath al-Din Kaykhusraw I
|First reign
|8. Rukn al-Din Suleiman II
|9. Kilij Arslan III
|Giyath al-Din Kaykhusraw I
|Second reign
|10. 'Izz al-Din Kayka'us I
|11. 'Ala al-Din Kayqubad I
|12. Giyath al-Din Kaykhusraw II
|After his death, sultanate split until 1260 when Kilij Arslan IV remained the sole ruler
|13. 'Izz al-Din Kayka'us II
|14. Rukn al-Din Kilij Arslan IV
|15. 'Ala al-Din Kayqubad II
|16. Giyath al-Din Kaykhusraw III
|17. Giyath al-Din Masud II
|First reign
|18. 'Ala al-Din Kayqubad III
|Giyath al-Din Masud II
|Second reign
See also[edit]
- Alaeddin Mosque (Konya, Turkey)
- Anatolian beyliks
- Anatolian Seljuks family tree
- Babai Revolt
- Byzantine–Seljuq Wars
- Ince Minaret Medrese
- Karatay Medrese
- Rûm Province, Ottoman Empire
- Seljuq architecture
- Seljuq dynasty
- Timeline of the Seljuk Sultanate of Rûm
- Timeline of Turkish history
- Timeline of the Turks (500–1300)
- ^ Grousset, Rene, The Empire of the Steppes: A History of Central Asia, (Rutgers University Press, 2002), 157; "...the Seljuk court at Konya adopted Persian as its official language.".
- ^ Bernard Lewis, Istanbul and the Civilization of the Ottoman Empire, (University of Oklahoma Press, 1963), 29; "The literature of Seljuk Anatolia was almost entirely in Persian...".
- ^ Encyclopedia Britannica: "Modern Turkish is the descendant of Ottoman Turkish and its predecessor, so-called Old Anatolian Turkish, which was introduced into Anatolia by the Seljuq Turks in the late 11th century ad." [1]
- ^ Bernard Lewis, Istanbul and the Civilization of the Ottoman Empire, 29; "Even when the land of Rum became politically independent, it remained a colonial extension of Turco-Persian culture which had its centers in Iran and Central Asia","The literature of Seljuk Anatolia was almost entirely in Persian...".
- ^ Institutionalisation of Science in the Medreses of pre-Ottoman and Ottoman Turkey, Ekmeleddin Ihsanoglu, Turkish Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science, ed. Gürol Irzik, Güven Güzeldere, (Springer, 2005), 266.
- ^ Alexander Kazhdan, "Rūm" The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium (Oxford University Press, 1991), vol. 3, p. 1816.
- ^ Encyclopedia Brittanica: ...of Anatolia by crusaders in 1097; hemmed in between the Byzantine Greeks on the west and by the crusader states in Syria on the east, the Seljuq Turks organized their Anatolian domain as the sultanate of Rūm. Though its population included Christians, Armenians, Greeks, Syrians, and Iranian Muslims, Rūm was considered to be "Turkey" by its contemporaries.... [2]
- ^ John Joseph Saunders, The History of the Mongol Conquests, (University of Pennsylvania Press, 1971), 79.
- ^ Sicker, Martin, The Islamic world in ascendancy: from the Arab conquests to the siege of Vienna , (Greenwood Publishing Group, 2000), 63-64.
- ^ A.C.S. Peacock, "The Saljūq Campaign against the Crimea and the Expansionist Policy of the Early Reign of 'Alā' al-Dīn Kayqubād", Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, Vol. 16 (2006), pp. 133-149.
- ^ John Joseph Saunders, The History of the Mongol Conquests, (University of Pennsylvania Press, 1971), 79.
- ^ Saljuqs: Saljuqs of Anatolia, Robert Hillenbrand, The Dictionary of Art, Vol.27, Ed. Jane Turner, (Macmillan Publishers Limited, 1996), 632.
- ^ Rudi Paul Lindner, Explorations in Ottoman Prehistory, (University of Michigan Press, 2003), 3.
- ^ A Rome of One's Own: Reflections on Cultural Geography and Identity in the Lands of Rum, Cemal Kafadar,Muqarnas, Volume 24 History and Ideology: Architectural Heritage of the "Lands of Rum", Ed. Gülru Necipoğlu, (Brill, 2007), 21.
- ^ Masters, [edited by] Gábor Ágoston, Bruce (2009). Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire. New York, NY: Facts On File. p. 40. ISBN 9781438110257.
- ^ Saint-Guillain, edited by Judith Herrin, Guillaume (2010). Identities and allegiances in the eastern Mediterranean after 1204. Farnham, Surrey: Ashgate. pp. 181–191. ISBN 9781409410980.
- ^ A sultan in Constantinople:the feasts of Ghiyath al-Din Kay-Khusraw I, Dimitri Korobeinikov, Eat, drink, and be merry (Luke 12:19) - food and wine in Byzantium, ed. Leslie Brubaker and Kallirroe Linardou,(Ashgate Publishing, 2007), 96:[3]
- ^ West Asia:1000-1500, Sheila Blair and Jonathan Bloom, Atlas of World Art, Ed. John Onians, (Laurence King Publishing, 2004), 130.
- ^ Architecture(Muhammadan), H. Saladin, Encyclopaedia of Religion and Ethics, Vol.1, Ed. James Hastings and John Alexander, (Charles Scribner's son, 1908), 753.
- ^ Armenia during the Seljuk and Mongol Periods, Robert Bedrosian, The Armenian People From Ancient to Modern Times: The Dynastic Periods from Antiquity to the Fourteenth Century, Vol. I, Ed. Richard Hovannisian, (St. Martin's Press, 1999), 250.
- ^ Lost in Translation: Architecture, Taxonomy, and the "Eastern Turks", Finbarr Barry Flood, Muqarnas: History and Ideology: Architectural Heritage of the "Lands of Rum, 96.
- ^ ed, Junius P. Rodriguez, general (1997). The historical encyclopedia of world slavery ([2nd print.] ed.). Santa Barbara, Calif. [u.a.]: ABC-CLIO. p. 306. ISBN 9780874368857.
|This article needs additional citations for verification. (January 2008)
- Bosworth, C. E. (2004). The New Islamic Dynasties: a Chronological and Genealogical Manual ISBN 0-7486-2137-7. Edinburgh University Press.
- Bektaş, Cengiz (1999). Selcuklu Kervansarayları, Korunmaları Ve Kullanlmaları üzerine bir öneri: A Proposal regarding the Seljuk Caravanserais, Their Protection and Use ISBN 975-7438-75-8 (in Turkish and English).
- Yavuz, Ayşıl Tükel. "The concepts that shape Anatolian Seljuq caravanserais". ArchNet.
- List: "List of Seljuk edifices". ArchNet.
External links[edit]
- Katharine Branning. Turkish Hans: "Examples of caravanserais built by the Anatolian Seljuk Sultanate".


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Vigilant Solutions announces today that improvements in its public safety data systems are helping to fund improvements in local communities. Vigilant's public safety data systems, which incorporates license plate recognition (LPR), are used by thousands of agencies every day to provide improved officer safety, enhance investigations, locate Amber Alerts, and more. Now, they are helping communities to improve safety and overall quality of living.
Constable Mark Vojvodich, of Bexar County Precinct Three, is responsible for an area that includes seven municipalities and unincorporated areas including San Antonio covering some 319 square miles and a population of over 630,000 residents. One of his primary duties is the enforcement of outstanding Justice of the Peace (JP) Warrants which currently amount to over $95 million in his county alone. "Fines discourage unsafe driving habits – habits that are proven to endanger lives and property," comments Vojvodich. "The goal of enforcing these fines is to place a consequence on the shoulders of those committing offenses, in hopes that this will drive voluntary compliance of our laws over time and result in safer roadways and lives saved. Many do not realize that these JP Warrants can offset property taxes and help fund better schools, improved infrastructure, and other items that benefit the community as a whole."
Constable Vojvodich began using LPR as a way to aid in his enforcement efforts stating, "LPR improves my ability to do this duty while also making it more convenient for those with outstanding warrants. I must have researched, spoken with, and / or trialed at least six or seven vendors. We selected Vigilant based on superior performance, great customer service and responsiveness, and because of unique features that no one else provided."
"The benefits of using LPR for real-time in-the-field warrant enforcement go far beyond the efficiency gains for my Office and the benefits to the County and its residents. Our system for enforcing actually benefits the citizens with the outstanding warrants by offering up a 'friendlier' interaction. Our office is equipped to take payments in the field, and the majority will either make payment or arrange for payment with our officers. Not only is this extremely convenient for the citizen, but it also provides them with a way to stay out of jail, avoid missing work, and avoid vehicle impound fees and other costs that they would incur under more traditional enforcement methods."
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End GameBook - 2017
From the critics
Community Activity
CommentAdd a Comment
Have read the whole Will Robie series and I loved it. What I would like to see is another book with Robie and Reel.
The John Puller series is another great 4 book series that could use some more added stories.
I enjoyed The End Game in that it kept me turning the pages. It is a bit like Robie and Reel do McGyver. Some of the action is hard to believe but that's surpassed by its entertainment value. Some here have said the plot of The End Game is unbelievable, but that also doesn't negate the entertainment value. The plots of many Tom Clancy and Stephen Coontz books were unbelievable too ... until they were mirrored - and are still mirrored - far too closely in real life.
4 stars, solid B
OK but a bit too "contrived" in places. Has lots of "filler"/
While I enjoyed this book, I was mildly irritated that the author didn't bother to check his own work. In the first Robie book, Blue Man has granddaughters, in this book he has never married or had children. The new director of the CIA is Rachel - clearly the same character as Amanda Nash in the previous book. How about some internal consistency.
I love this author. Strong men AND strong women. In my opinion, this is his best story. I couldn't put it down and read it way too fast. When reading a good story, I never want it to end. This was one of those. Baldacci includes just enough of the technical without it being boring. He doesn't write long, dull descriptive parts. His descriptive writing is integral to the story and not just fill. A must read for Baldacci fans and a great introduction for those who are new to the author. His Wish You Well Foundation, touches my heart and I admire his "giving back".
Perfect day? A comfortable chair, a good reading light, 2 or 3 crisp red apples, and a brand new Baldacci novel to read. Great or not-so-great, his books are always enjoyable. This book, while it isn't one of his better titles, is still a fun read. Robie and Reel are like video characters he brings to life - incredibly strong, powerful, lucky, fearless, etc. I don't think Baldacci means us to take these characters too seriously.
I will be surprised if this wasn't the final book in the Robie and Reel series. The book's title, while it relates to the preppers, can also serve as a conclusion to the series. Blue Man seems ready to retire and spend his days trying to win back the heart of his only true love, Robie and Reel appear to be walking off into the sunset, hand in hand. Sounds like all is wrapped up and tied with a bow. Baldacci didn't slam the door on this series, but it is hard to ignore all the hints that it may be over.
And by the way, I have family in northeastern Colorado and I can assure you that the area is NOT crawling with splinter groups and drug entrepreneurs. ;-)
I have enjoyed Baldacci for many years, but this one was a disappointment from beginning to end. It is 100 pages too long, filled with meaningless dialog and plot tangents that add nothing. It reads like a teenage adventure story. Robie and Reel always seem to find just what they need to escape certain death, sometimes out of thin air. Superman and Wonder Woman! Cliche after cliche after cliche. I finished it because I usually do, but I wish I hadn't.
I thoroughly enjoyed this book. I found that it wasn't as intense as some of Baldacci's other books which made this quite a fast read. Will Robbie and Jessica Reel are together again in the search for their boss who has disappeared. The search takes them to Blue Man's hometown and all the secrets that surface during the telling of the story.
Only read half then turned it back in to the library. This is a huge book filled with minutia and wanderings. Quite a disappointment.
I don't seem to enjoy this genre as much as I used to. I think a lot of these authors are putting out too many books and not living up to their original standards. I continue to pick the books up at my library because I can't seem to say good by to the characters, but then they end up at the bottom of my to-read stack. This current installment in the Will Robie series dragged a little for me and the shootouts were too far fetched. I was hoping for something a little deeper in regards to the Robie-Reel-Blue Man relationship story. Disappointed that Blue Man lost some of his mystique and came across as kind of old and weak. May be time to cut the ties on this one.
QuotesAdd a Quote
As Will Robie stared out the plane window, he knew the next twenty-four hours could possibly be his last ones on earth.
NSA-level wipe of the flash drive, tantamount to smashing it flat with a brick then setting it afire. The ones and zeroes were permanently gone, now existing only in his memory.
Evil driving in cars had smashed into innocent pedestrians on both Westminster and London Bridges.
He was the one who would die if everything went to shit. The eyes on the other continent might simply get a memo on how to fix the mess in the future.
Darkness had come as the globe spun on its axis, and another part of the world got to see the light.
He was one minute ahead of schedule. He slowed his pace. Early in his line of work was never a good thing.
The Underground had suffered a terrorist attack on July 7, 2005, when terrorists had blown themselves up on three separate train cars. A fourth device had been detonated on a London bus. In all, fifty-two victims were killed.
Stealth was called for tonight. Until it wasn't.
According to the information, the planned London op was merely a dress rehearsal for what would come later, in the United States. Just like a manufacturer did in trying to commercialize a new product, terrorists needed to work the kinks out, too.
Vee-one meant the aircraft had reached sufficient takeoff speed and there was no going back.
A bullet, fired from above, struck him in the abdomen. The liquid armor vest he had on hardened within a millisecond, catching the round and wringing out virtually all of its kinetic energy by forcing it to be displaced along the breadth of the vest.
It was UMP versus UMP. But not really. It wasn't just about the hardware. A gun was a gun. The same models worked pretty much the same. What really mattered was the software. And the shooter was always the software.
And she was shooting over such a long distance that the earth's rotation also came into play; it was known as the Coriolis effect. It really only mattered if you were shooting pretty much straight north or south. The bullet would fudge slightly to the left if the target was north and to the right if the target pointed south. If you didn't compensate for it, the earth's constant movement would rotate your target right out of the kill zone.
For many years number one on that list had been a Brit who had killed two Afghans from nearly twenty-five hundred meters with a single bullet. But that shot had recently been bested by a Canadian elite special forces fighter who had recorded a kill shot in Iraq at more than thirty-five hundred meters.
It was a war Reel had finally realized halfway over the Atlantic her side could never really win. We kill ten and twenty more take their place.
"Eastern Plains. Westernmost section of the Great Plains where it notches into Nebraska. Not much out here. Pawnee Buttes, Comanche National Grassland. Rolling hills, flat farmland, one-room schoolhouses, forests, canyons, rivers, and lakes. Not much rain. Small towns. Yuma and Sterling are big cities out here. Dwindling populations. People heading to somewhere else. Never really recovered from the Dust Bowl in the thirties."
His blond hair was short on top and longish in back, as though the hair was sliding off his head. … His face looked like it had been out in the sun and wind since his birth. His facial features were long and slender, like narrow gullies cut through hard rock by water.
"Legal pot and lots of guns. Like chocolate and peanut butter." "You mean oil and water."
When I asked what he did, he just said he pushed paper across his desk.
Mentoring, he said it was. Printed up pamphlets and fliers and kept talking away, mostly to the young men around here who got nothing in their future 'cept the next beer, chick, or bong.
"Why is that relevant?" "I don't know that it's not, so that means it's relevant."
"There's something that somebody said that didn't make sense." "Like what?" "I don't know. But it's like grit in your barrel. It's throwing everything off."
The front door was locked. Robie took out her pick tools and it no longer was.
Robie was most comfortable doing inherently dangerous things. It was only the normalcy of life that tended to bother him.
"I'm gonna see you dead, asshole!" "I think you got that backwards," replied Robie.
It's a 1966 Cadillac DeVille convertible. It's got a 340-horsepower overhead cam V8. I think it actually gets minus miles to the gallon. It's eighteen and a half feet long, which makes it pretty much bigger than my first home here.
I was really hoping it would just be her." "Shows how much hope is worth," replied Robie drily.
"I've seen more population density in an Iraqi desert."
You got trouble and call 911, they'll get here in the morning to take your body away.
He owned a piece-of-crap Datsun pickup that was older than he was. It was held together with duct tape and a Lord's Prayer a day.
"Hitler was only one of many. And, indeed, in terms of longevity, while he had perhaps the greatest impact on the world, he was not successful in maintaining what he had created. In fact, he was one of the worst."
"Yes, they're free. To live in chaos. Too many cooks in the kitchen. Too many people with a place at the table. Too many voices in the room. People are idiots. They don't know what they want other than to get as much as they can at the expense of their neighbor. You think that Lord of the Flies mentality happens only after a disaster? It happens every day, stopping just short of criminal action."
You saw what happened after they shot up the town. The state police dropped their investigation. I argued with them until I was blue in the face, but they're not following up. I think palms are getting greased high up. Or maybe people are just afraid."
"What can I say, Robie? It's a Mars-Venus thing." "No, I don't think you're in the same universe as me, actually."
Armageddon is there. Some folks call it WROL, meaning Without Rule of Law. Others just call it SHTF." He grinned. "Shxt Hitting the Fan."
But hey, I figure if they're that rich they must know what they're doing. And it's not my place to second-guess somebody who made that much money. They must be smart, right?" "Or they inherited it," pointed out Malloy. "Or they get to operate on an uneven playing field because they paid off politicians to write the laws to favor them," added Reel.
Who wants to trek up a mountain to get to a rich person if they just have to turn the corner in Manhattan and throw a brick through a window and follow that with a gun or knife?
"Now, what you're about to see is the pinnacle response to prepping short of owning an island and employing your own army. I also refer to it as the extreme end of the survivalist's spectrum. On doomsday this is where you want to be."
Separating the wheat from the chaff." "Or the clamshells from the pearls," amended Reel.
"Any conversation with that man you can guarantee that he found out more about you than you ever did about him. Except you had no idea he did until long after it happened."
"Well, places like this are to ensure that highly successful people survive and then come out and work to rebuild the world," …
How do you know a politician is lying? He has a pulse.
… the Oppidum in the Czech Republic. They're calling it the 'Billionaire's Bunker.' It has an aboveground estate and nearly eighty thousand square feet underground.
"I don't like government folks," continued Randall. "They just get in the way of people that know what they're doing. They mess every damn thing up. It's like we're living in a communist country sometimes. I can take care of myself. I don't need the damn nanny state holding my hand while it sticks the other hand in my wallet."
"Who the hell do you think you are? Do you know who he is? He could buy and sell you."
I mean he's a big, strong guy but he's soft too. I mean you can just tell. Punch him in the nose and he'll go crying to his momma.
"I have no problem with rich people," said Robie. "I've met rich and poor and people in the middle of the pay scale who are great, and I've come across people along that same spectrum who are jerks."
She looked back at him with an expression akin to a fist coming right at him.
"What? What did you think?" He glanced up at her. "That I wouldn't have to be alone anymore."
"We need to do something." "What?" "If I knew that I'd be doing it," she snapped.
"I'm not lying on a couch and you're not my shrink."
Combat is totally indiscriminate. It kills those who are incompetent and those who are unlucky. And everyone in between. You've got survivor's guilt.
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When exporting secondaries like foam and splash from an hybrido simulation and importing them as .bin particles how can I acess the velocity and vorticity per particle to use when rendering the particles?
Some time ago I saw a tutorial where the RF velocity in the PP section was acessible, but when i export the particles I just get a normal velocity, not the RF velocity.
Any ideas? thanks
Access velocity and vorticity of particles in Maya
Discussions about the use of Realflow in Autodesk Maya
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3 posts • Page 1 of 1
Re: Access velocity and vorticity of particles in Maya
I am having the same issue. Nextlimit removed the velocity and vorticity channels on imported Realflow particles in 2015 Plugin. According to the documentation they say that its because we can use Maya's native velocity channel to access that information. Unfortunately, when I import my particles into Maya, the velocity is all 0. What is the workaround to getting the velocity channel? I have scoured the internet and there is no information on how to proper access the information.
Re: Access velocity and vorticity of particles in Maya
I'd like to know this too
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3 posts • Page 1 of 1


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The Love Letters of Abelard and Heloise, [1901], at sacred-texts.com
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The inconstancy of HeloiseDEAR ABELARD,--YOU expect, perhaps, that I should accuse you of negligence. You have not answered my last letter, and thanks to Heaven, in the condition I am now in it is a relief to me that you show so much insensibility for the passion which I betrayed. At last, Abelard, you have lost Heloise for ever. Notwithstanding all the oaths I made to think of nothing but you, and to be entertained by nothing but you, I have banished you from my thoughts, I have forgot you. Thou charming idea of a lover I once adored, thou wilt be no more my happiness! Dear image of Abelard! thou wilt no longer follow me, no longer shall I remember thee. O celebrity and merit of that man who, in spite of his enemies, is the wonder of the age! O enchanting pleasures to which Heloise resigned herself--you, you have been my tormentors! I confess my inconstancy, Abelard, without a blush; let my infidelity teach the world that there is no depending on the promises of women--we are all subject to change. This troubles you, Abelard; this news without surprises you; you never imagined Heloise could be inconstant. She was prejudiced by such a strong inclination towards you that you cannot conceive how Time could alter it. But be undeceived, I am going to disclose
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Divine Love conquersto you my falseness, though, instead of reproaching me, I persuade myself you will shed tears of joy. When I tell you what Rival hath ravished my heart from you, you will praise my inconstancy, and pray this Rival to fix it. By this you will know that 'tis God alone that takes Heloise from you. Yes, my dear Abelard, He gives my mind that tranquillity which a vivid remembrance of our misfortunes formerly forbade. Just Heaven! what other rival could take me from you? Could you imagine it possible for a mere human to blot you from my heart? Could you think me guilty of sacrificing the virtuous and learned Abelard to any other but God? No, I believe you have done me justice on this point. I doubt not you are eager to learn what means God used to accomplish so great an end? I will tell you, that you may wonder at the secret ways of Providence. Some few days after you sent me your last letter I fell dangerously ill; the physicians gave me over, and I expected certain death. Then it was that my passion, which always before seemed innocent, grew criminal in my eyes. My memory represented faithfully to me all the past actions of my life, and I confess to you pain for our love was the only pain I felt. Death, which till then I had only viewed from a distance, now presented itself to me as it appears to sinners. I began to dread the wrath of God now I was near experiencing it, and I repented that I had not better used the means of Grace. Those tender letters I wrote to you, those fond conversations I have had with you, give me as much pain now as they had formerly
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She is repentantgiven pleasure. 'Ah, miserable Heloise!' I said, 'if it is a crime to give oneself up to such transports, and if, after this life is ended, punishment certainly follows them, why didst thou not resist such dangerous temptations? Think on the tortures prepared for thee, consider with terror the store of torments, and recollect, at the same time, those pleasures which thy deluded soul thought so entrancing. Ah! dost thou not despair for having rioted in such false pleasures?' In short, Abelard, imagine all the remorse of mind I suffered, and you will not be astonished at my change.
Solitude is insupportable to the uneasy mind; its troubles increase in the midst of silence, and retirement heightens them. Since I have been shut up in these walls I have done nothing but weep our misfortunes. This cloister has resounded with my cries, and, like a wretch condemned to eternal slavery, I have worn out my days with grief. Instead of fulfilling God's merciful design towards me I have offended against Him; I have looked upon this sacred refuge as a frightful prison, and have borne with unwillingness the yoke of the Lord. Instead of purifying myself with a life of penitence I have confirmed my condemnation. What a fatal mistake! But, Abelard, I have torn off the bandage which blinded me, and, if I dare rely upon my own feelings, I have now made myself worthy of your esteem, You are to me no more the loving Abelard who constantly sought private conversations with me by deceiving the vigilance of our observers. Our misfortunes gave
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Further strugglesyou a horror of vice, and you instantly consecrated the rest of your days to virtue, and seemed to submit willingly to the necessity. I indeed, more tender than you, and more sensible to pleasure, bore misfortune with extreme impatience, and you have heard my exclaimings against your enemies. You have seen my resentment in my late letters; it was this, doubtless, which deprived me of the esteem of my Abelard. You were alarmed at my repinings, and, if the truth be told, despaired of my salvation. You could not foresee that Heloise would conquer so reigning a passion; but you were mistaken, Abelard, my weakness, when supported by grace, has not hindered me from winning a complete victory. Restore me, then, to your esteem; your own piety should solicit you to this.
But what secret trouble rises in my soul--what unthought-of emotion now rises to oppose the resolution I have formed to sigh no more for Abelard? Just Heaven! have I not triumphed over my love? Unhappy Heloise! as long as thou drawest a breath it is decreed thou must love Abelard. Weep, unfortunate wretch, for thou never hadst a more just occasion. I ought to die of grief; grace had overtaken me and I had promised to be faithful to it, but now am I perjured once more, and even grace is sacrificed to Abelard. This sacrilege fills up the measure of my iniquity. After this how can I hope that God will open to me the treasure of His mercy, for I have tired out His forgiveness. I began to offend Him from the first moment I saw Abelard; an unhappy sympathy engaged us both in a guilty
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She demands a letterlove, and God raised us up an enemy to separate us. I lament the misfortune which lighted upon us and I adore the cause. Ah! I ought rather to regard this misfortune as the gift of Heaven, which disapproved of our engagement and parted us, and I ought to apply myself to extirpate my passion. How much better it were to forget entirely the object of it than to preserve a memory so fatal to my peace and salvation? Great God! shall Abelard possess my thoughts for ever? Can I never free myself from the chains of love? But perhaps I am unreasonably afraid; virtue directs all my acts and they are all subject to grace. Therefore fear not, Abelard; I have no longer those sentiments which being described in my letters have occasioned you so much trouble. I will no more endeavour, by the relation of those pleasures our passion gave us, to awaken any guilty fondness you may yet feel for me. I free you from all your oaths; forget the titles of lover and husband and keep only that of father. I expect no more from you than tender protestations and those letters so proper to feed the flame of love. I demand nothing of you but spiritual advice and wholesome discipline. The path of holiness, however thorny it be, will yet appear agreeable to me if I may but walk in your footsteps. You will always find me ready to follow you. I shall read with more pleasure the letters in which you shall describe the advantages of virtue than ever I did those in which you so artfully instilled the poison of passion. You cannot now be silent without a crime. When I was possessed with so violent a love, and pressed you so earnestly to write to me,
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God holds her hearthow many letters did I send you before I could obtain one from you? You denied me in my misery the only comfort which was left me, because you thought it pernicious. You endeavoured by severities to force me to forget you, nor do I blame you; but now you have nothing to fear. This fortunate illness, with which Providence has chastised me for my good, has done what all human efforts and your cruelty in vain attempted. I see now the vanity of that happiness we had set our hearts upon, as if it were eternal. What fears, what distress have we not suffered for it!
No, Lord, there is no pleasure upon earth but that which virtue gives. The heart amidst all worldly delights feels a sting; it is uneasy and restless until fixed on Thee. What have I not suffered, Abelard, whilst I kept alive in my retirement those fires which ruined me in the world? I saw with hatred the walls that surrounded me; the hours seemed as long as years. I repented a thousand times that I had buried myself here. But since grace has opened my eyes all the scene is changed; solitude looks charming, and the peace of the place enters my very heart. In the satisfaction of doing my duty I feel a delight above all that riches, pomp or sensuality could afford. My quiet has indeed cost me dear, for I have bought it at the price of my love; I have offered a violent sacrifice I thought beyond my power. But if I have torn you from my heart, be not jealous; God, who ought always to have possessed it, reigns there in your stead. Be content with having a place in my mind which you shall never lose; I shall always take a secret
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A letter arrives pleasure in thinking of you, and esteem it a glory to obey those rules you shall give me.
This very moment I receive a letter from you; I will read it and answer it immediately. You shall see by my promptitude in writing to you that you are always dear to me.
You very obligingly reproach me for delay in writing you any news; my illness must excuse that. I omit no opportunities of giving you marks of my remembrance. I thank you for the uneasiness you say my silence caused you, and the kind fears you express concerning my health. Yours, you tell me, is but weakly, and you thought lately you should have died. With what indifference, cruel man, do you tell me a thing so certain to afflict me? I told you in my former letter how unhappy I should be if you died, and if you love me you will moderate the rigours of your austere life. I represented to you the occasion I had for your advice, and consequently the reason there was you should take care of yourself;--but I will not tire you with repetitions. You desire us not to forget you in our prayers: ah! dear Abelard, you may depend upon the zeal of this society; it is devoted to you and you cannot justly fear its forgetfulness. You are our Father, and we are your children; you are our guide, and we resign ourselves to your direction with full assurance in your piety. You command; we obey; we faithfully execute what you have prudently ordered. We impose no penance on ourselves but what you recommend, lest we should rather follow an indiscreet zeal than solid virtue. In a word, nothing
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The interior of a nunneryis thought right but what has Abelard's approbation. You tell me one thing that perplexes me that you have heard that some of our Sisters are bad examples, and that they are generally not strict enough. Ought this to seem strange to you who know how monasteries are filled nowadays? Do fathers consult the inclination of their children when they settle them? Are not interest and policy their only rules? This is the reason that monasteries are often filled with those who are a scandal to them. But I conjure you to tell me what are the irregularities you have heard of, and to show me the proper remedy for them. I have not yet observed any looseness: when I have I will take due care. I walk my rounds every night and make those I catch abroad return to their chambers; for I remember all the adventures that happened in the monasteries near Paris.
You end your letter with a general deploring of your unhappiness and wish for death to end a weary life. Is it possible so great a genius as you cannot rise above your misfortunes? What would the world say should they read the letters you send me? Would they consider the noble motive of your retirement or not rather think you had shut yourself up merely to lament your woes? What would your young students say, who come so far to hear you and prefer your severe lectures to the ease of a worldly life, if they should discover you secretly a slave to your passions and the victim of those weaknesses from which your rule secures them? This Abelard they so much admire, this great leader, would lose his fame and become the sport of his pupils.
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Satan reproves sinIf these reasons are not sufficient to give you constancy in your misfortune, cast your eyes upon me, and admire the resolution with which I shut myself up at your request. I was young when we separated, and (if I dare believe what you were always telling me) worthy of any man's affections. If I had loved nothing in Abelard but sensual pleasure, other men might have comforted me upon my loss of him. You know what I have done, excuse me therefore from repeating it; think of those assurances I gave you of loving you still with the utmost tenderness. I dried your tears with kisses, and because you were less powerful I became less reserved. Ah! if you had loved with delicacy, the oaths I made, the transports I indulged, the caresses I gave, would surely have comforted you. Had you seen me grow by degrees indifferent to you, you might have had reason to despair, but you never received greater tokens of my affection than after you felt misfortune.
Let me see no more in your letters, dear Abelard, such murmurs against Fate; you are not the only one who has felt her blows and you ought to forget her outrages. What a shame it is that a philosopher cannot accept what might befall any man. Govern yourself by my example; I was born with violent passions, I daily strive with tender emotions, and glory in triumphing and subjecting them to reason. Must a weak mind fortify one that is so much superior? But I am carried away. Is it thus I write to nay dear Abelard? He who practises all those virtues he preaches? If you complain of Fortune,
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Woman's weakness again conquersit is not so much that you feel her strokes as that you try to show your enemies how much to blame they are in attempting to hurt you. Leave them, Abelard, to exhaust their malice, and continue to charm your auditors. Discover those treasures of learning Heaven seems to have reserved for you; your enemies, struck with the splendour of your reasoning, will in the end do you justice. How happy should I be could I see all the world as entirely persuaded of your probity as I am. Your learning is allowed by all; your greatest adversaries confess you are ignorant of nothing the mind of man is capable of knowing.
My dear Husband (for the last time I use that title!), shall I never see you again? Shall I never have the pleasure of embracing you before death? What dost thou say, wretched Heloise? Dost thou know what thou desirest? Couldst thou behold those brilliant eyes without recalling the tender glances which have been so fatal to thee? Couldst thou see that majestic air of Abelard without being jealous of everyone who beholds so attractive a man? That mouth cannot be looked upon without desire; in short, no woman can view the person of Abelard without danger. Ask no more therefore to see Abelard; if the memory of him has caused thee so much trouble, Heloise, what would not his presence do? What desires will it not excite in thy soul? How will it be possible to keep thy reason at the sight of so lovable a man?
I will own to you what makes the greatest pleasure in my retirement; after having passed the day in thinking of you, full of the repressed
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The delight of dreamsidea, I give myself up at night to sleep. Then it is that Heloise, who dares not think of you by day, resigns herself with pleasure to see and hear you. How my eyes gloat over you! Sometimes you tell me stories of your secret troubles, and create in me a felt sorrow; sometimes the rage of our enemies is forgotten and you press me to you and I yield to you, and our souls, animated with the same passion, are sensible of the same pleasures. But O! delightful dreams and tender illusions, how soon do you vanish away! I awake and open my eyes to find no Abelard: I stretch out my arms to embrace him and he is not there; I cry, and he hears me not. What a fool I am to tell my dreams to you who are insensible to these pleasures. But do you, Abelard, never see Heloise in your sleep? How does she appear to you? Do you entertain her with the same tender language as formerly, and are you glad or sorry when you awake? Pardon me, Abelard, pardon a mistaken lover. I must no longer expect from you that vivacity which once marked your every action; no more must I require from you the correspondence of desires. We have bound ourselves to severe austerities and must follow them at all costs. Let us think of our duties and our rules, and make good use of that necessity which keeps us separate. You, Abelard, will happily finish your course; your desires and ambitions will be no obstacle to your salvation. But Heloise must weep, she must lament for ever without being certain whether all her tears will avail for her salvation.
I had liked to have ended my letter without
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She craves his presencetelling you what happened here a few days ago. A young nun, who had been forced to enter the convent without a vocation therefor, is by a stratagem I know nothing of escaped and fled to England with a gentleman. I have ordered all the house to conceal the matter. Ah, Abelard! if you were near us these things would not happen, for all the Sisters, charmed with seeing and hearing you, would think of nothing but practising your rules and directions. The young nun had never formed so criminal a design as that of breaking her vows had you been at our head to exhort us to live in holiness. If your eyes were witnesses of our actions they would be innocent. When we slipped you should lift us up and establish us by your counsels; we should march with sure steps in the rough path of virtue. I begin to perceive, Abelard, that I take too much pleasure in writing to you; I ought to burn this letter. It shows that I still feel a deep passion for you, though at the beginning I tried to persuade you to the contrary. I am sensible of waves both of grace and passion, and by turns yield to each. Have pity, Abelard, on the condition to which you have brought me, and make in some measure my last days as peaceful as my first have been uneasy and disturbed.