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5.A.1 General Faculty
(A) Members of the general faculty shall be those individuals who hold the title or acting title of dean, associate or assistant dean, professor, associate professor, assistant professor, senior instructor, instructor, lecturer, artist in residence, scholar in residence, professor adjoint, associate professor adjoint, assistant professor adjoint, visiting and part-time appointments in the above-named titles, professional librarian, curator, and any other such title identified as a faculty title under applicable policies of the Board of Regents.
(B) A meeting of the general faculty may be called by the president whenever the president deems it necessary.
5.A.2 Faculty Titles
(A) Faculty titles as designated by the Board of Regents for each campus shall be used for describing and differentiating faculty members at the university, according to primary responsibilities; qualifications and accomplishments; eligibility for benefits; and other factors of employment.
(B) The following titles for museum faculty, serving without compensation, provide three additional academic titles within the museum: museum associate curator, museum curator adjoint, and museum associate.
(A) Appointments shall be made in accordance with subsections 2.A.4(B) or 3.A.1(G) of these Laws.
(B) The standards, processes, and procedures* to be employed in all schools and colleges and on all campuses of the university in making recommendations for appointments, reappointments, tenure, and promotions shall conform to regent laws and policies.
(C) In its pursuit of excellence among the faculties, it shall be the general policy of the university to recruit mainly in the lower ranks, seeking those with great promise. Upon occasion, when a specific need for an established scholar is evident, appointments at higher levels shall be subject to the approval of the Board of Regents.
(D) The award of tenure, the appointment of tenured faculty, and the appointment of distinguished professors may be subject to the approval of the Board of Regents upon nomination by the president.
(A) Contracts of employment shall be by appointment. Any appointment may be terminated in accordance with applicable regent laws and policies, and applicable state and federal law.
(B) Terms of Appointment shall be either:
(1) Tenured: appointments that continue until termination by resignation, retirement, or otherwise pursuant to applicable regent laws and policies. No faculty member shall lose tenure status as the result of an institutionally mandated intercampus transfer.
(2) Limited: appointments for a specified period of time.
(3) Indeterminate: appointments made for an indefinite period of time and whose continuance is dependent upon inclusion in the approved budget and available funding.
(4) At-will: appointments made for an indefinite period of time whose continuance is at-will.
(C) The terms and conditions of every appointment shall be stated in writing and be in the possession of both the university and the appointee, whenever possible, before the appointment is begun.
5.B.3 Other Terms and Conditions of Appointments
(A) Differential workloads may be negotiated consistent with the university's commitment to teaching, research/creative work, and leadership and service; individual faculty needs (e.g. career development, tenure and promotion); conventions in particular academic disciplines; academic unit program needs; and the goals and objectives of the college/school and campus. Differential workloads may also be negotiated when faculty governance roles exceed the time normally expected by the university leadership and service mission.
(B) Appropriate compensation within the limits of system administration and campus policies shall be negotiated for the leadership and service of faculty governance officers and committee chairs in the ongoing business of faculty governance.
(C) Sabbatical Assignment: A tenured faculty member shall become eligible for a sabbatical assignment after six years of service to the university. In the case of the Health Sciences Center, tenure-eligible faculty and specialty track members who have attained the ranks of associate professor or professor are also eligible for sabbatical assignment after six years of service to the university. A sabbatical assignment, which must be approved by the Board of Regents, is considered to be an important academic scholarship and professional development tool, granted for the advancement of the university, subject to the availability of resources. A sabbatical assignment shall not be granted any more than once every seven years.
(D) The Board of Regents recognizes that full-time faculty members are expected to dedicate their professional time and effort to the university. However, outside consultation, research, clinical, and other work can serve to keep faculty in contact with real problems in their profession and expand their expertise and thus, to the extent authorized by regent laws and policies, are desirable and legitimate functions. Such work shall not interfere with the faculty member's performance of assigned university responsibilities and shall not involve more than one-sixth of her/his time. Work outside the university in consultative, research, clinical, or other capacities is subject to the approval of the president or her/his designee. Faculty members involved in approved outside work are permitted to receive outside remuneration for this work and shall not suffer a reduction in their regular university salaries. The period of time for any approved outside commitment shall not cumulate to large amounts of consecutive time but shall be employed in such reasonably short periods as will not interfere with the faculty member's regular university duties. Compensation for outside work by faculty members in schools or colleges that have alternative compensation plans approved by the Board of Regents shall be governed by those plans.
(A) A tenured appointment may normally be held only by a professor or associate professor. Under exceptional circumstances, a tenured appointment can be held by an assistant professor, senior instructor, or instructor.
(B) Tenure may be awarded only to faculty members with demonstrated meritorious performance in each of the three areas of teaching, research or creative work, and leadership and service, and demonstrated excellence in either teaching, or research or creative work. Additionally:
(1) In the School of Medicine, tenure may be awarded only to faculty members with national and international reputations for academic excellence who are among the best in their field of academic endeavor and who have demonstrated excellence in scholarship and demonstrated excellence in, and dedication to, teaching (as further defined in the rules of the School of Medicine).
Professional/administrative leadership and service and/or clinical activities should be weighed into any decision regarding tenure, but such activities in the absence of significant accomplishments in both teaching and scholarship are not an adequate basis for tenure.
(2) The Colorado School of Public Health may consider in its tenure recommendations public health practice/clinical activity and scholarly activity, as further defined in its bylaws.
(3) In the School of Pharmacy, tenure may be awarded only to faculty members who have demonstrated excellence in scholarship and demonstrated excellence in, and dedication to, teaching (as further defined in the appointment, reappointment, promotion and tenure policy of the School of Pharmacy).
(C) The process leading to award of tenure is an evaluation of a faculty member's cumulative performance and is a process that is separate and distinct from the annual merit performance evaluation.
(D) Tenure Probationary Period
(1) Unless waived by the faculty member and approved by the dean and chancellor, a decision upon a tenured appointment as a member of the university faculty shall be made after a maximum probationary period of seven years of continuous full-time service as a professor, associate professor, or assistant professor. Normally, the tenure review for a faculty member will commence at the beginning of the seventh year of service.
(2) In the Schools of Medicine, Pharmacy and Public Health, promotion and tenure are separate processes, but may occur concurrently.
(a) Unless waived by the faculty member and approved by the dean and chancellor, a decision regarding promotion to associate professor shall be made after a maximum probationary period of seven years of continuous full-time service at the rank of assistant professor. Normally, the promotion review of a faculty member will commence at the beginning of the seventh year of service.
(b) School of Medicine, Pharmacy and Public Health tenure track faculty members in the rank of associate professor or professor are eligible for consideration for tenure. There will be no maximum time limit for the award of tenure; however, the faculty member who is turned down for tenure may not be reconsidered for three years.
(3) The tenure probationary period shall begin when the faculty member is first appointed to the rank of assistant professor or a higher rank. However, a faculty member appointed to the rank of assistant professor without a terminal degree may decide at the time of initial appointment whether the probationary period will begin at the time of initial appointment or upon receipt of the terminal degree. Such a decision shall be made in writing and must be approved by the dean and the chancellor. Up to three years of full-time service in the ranks of assistant professor, associate professor, or professor at other institutions may be included in the probationary period.
(4) Under special circumstances, tenure may be awarded by the Board of Regents in less than seven years.
(E) Notification and conditions of appointment and reappointment, notice of tenured appointment and promotion, and notice of non-reappointment shall be given in writing in accordance with regent policy.
(F) Tenure remains in effect regardless of promotion to higher rank.
(G) Administrative positions do not carry the possibility of tenured appointments, but an administrator holding an eligible academic rank may be granted a tenured appointment in that rank as a faculty member.
5.B.5 Appointment, Reappointment, Tenure, and Promotion Criteria and Standards for Tenure-Track and Tenured Faculty
(A) Criteria
(1) Every primary unit and reviewing body or person making recommendations concerning appointment, reappointment, tenure, and promotion shall follow and apply the procedures and standards described in regent policy.
(2) In order to provide a fair and unbiased evaluation, each primary unit shall develop specific written criteria and procedures for measuring the performance of candidates in that primary unit, which are consistent with regent policy. The primary unit criteria shall be used by every level of review, and a copy of the written criteria shall be included in the candidate's dossier. In those cases where the Board of Regents has approved specific alternative or additional criteria, those criteria shall be applied in appointment, reappointment, tenure, and promotion decisions.
(B) Standards
(1) In making appointment, reappointment, tenure, and/or promotion recommendations, all primary units shall evaluate the candidate's performance in the areas of teaching, research or creative work, and in university and public leadership and service.
(2) The program requirements of the unit shall be considered at the time of appointment and reappointment. The merit of the candidate is the only consideration in recommendations for award of tenure.
(3) Candidates are entitled to submit any material or information they believe will be helpful in their evaluation at any stage of the review process. Candidates are entitled to have access to all performance evaluation documents in their own files, excluding letters of recommendation solicited from outside the primary unit, which are to be treated as confidential.
(C) Evaluation: Every candidate for tenure or promotion shall be reviewed by the primary unit (advised by its evaluation committee), the dean (advised by a college or school-level review committee), and the chief academic officer (advised by a campus-level advisory committee).
(D) Decision
(1) When the campus chief academic officer's decision concerning the award of tenure is affirmative, the campus chief academic officer shall make the final campus recommendation to the president. If the president concurs, the president shall make a final recommendation to the Board of Regents. If the president does not concur, the president's decision not to award tenure is final. When the campus chief academic officer's decision concerning the award of tenure is negative, that decision is final unless the faculty member appeals the negative decision to the president.
(2) In cases of reappointment or promotion, the campus chief academic officer's decision to reappoint or promote is final unless the faculty member appeals a negative decision to the president.
(E)Review of Decisions
(1) At the request of a faculty member who has been denied reappointment, tenure, or promotion the president shall determine whether to undertake a review of the decision, in accordance with regent policy.
(2) In appeal of decisions, the president shall make a final determination regarding reappointment or promotion. The president's recommendation for tenure shall be forwarded to the Board of Regents for action.
(3) A candidate for review of tenure or promotion who believes that the procedures outlined in regent and campus policies have not been observed at any stage of the recommending or review process, is entitled to submit a grievance to the Faculty Senate Committee on Privilege and Tenure following the final decision in accordance with regent laws and policies.
5.B.6 Evaluation of Faculty
(A) Annual merit performance evaluations for all faculty members shall be conducted by each campus. A peer evaluation process shall be used at all campuses except at the Health Sciences Center. A faculty member's performance shall be evaluated based upon performance standards developed by each academic unit and any written expectations agreed to between the faculty member and the unit. In annual merit evaluations the assigned workload shall be appropriately considered. Faculty governance leadership and service shall be included for consideration in annual merit evaluation as in other evaluation processes.
(1) Tenure-Track Faculty
Each tenure-track faculty member below the rank of associate professor shall be evaluated in a comprehensive manner at least once during the tenure probationary period apart from the review for award of tenure. Each faculty member shall be informed in writing of the results of the evaluation.
(2) Tenured Faculty
After award of tenure, a comprehensive performance evaluation that emphasizes performance-based measurements shall be completed every five years. The purposes of this regular comprehensive evaluation process are: (1) to facilitate continued faculty development, consistent with the academic needs and goals of the university and the most effective use of institutional resources; and (2) to ensure professional accountability to the university community, to the Board of Regents, and to the public.
5.C.1 Dismissal
A faculty member may be dismissed for cause when, in the judgment of the Board of Regents and subject to the Board of Regents constitutional and statutory authority, the good of the university requires such action. The grounds for dismissal shall be demonstrable professional incompetence, gross or repeated neglect of duties, conviction of a felony, sexual harassment, or other conduct that falls below minimum standards of professional integrity. The Board of Regents may vote to grant one year of severance pay in cases of dismissal for cause. In so doing, the Board shall consider any recommendation from the Faculty Senate Committee on Privilege and Tenure.
5.C.2 Dismissal for Cause Provisions
(A) General Provisions
(1) No member of the faculty shall be dismissed except for cause and after being given an opportunity to be heard as provided in this section.
(2) Dismissal of a faculty member shall be construed to mean the revocation of an appointment for cause and may take place at any time during a tenured appointment or at any time during a period of a limited appointment.
(3) Nonrenewal of a limited appointment, termination of an indeterminate appointment according to its terms, or termination of an at-will appointment at any time, shall not be regarded as a dismissal.
(B) Notification of Dismissal
A faculty member whose dismissal for cause is contemplated shall be given written notification as far in advance as possible of the contemplated effective date of dismissal for cause and the reasons therefor. Such notice shall inform the faculty member of the right of review as provided in this subsection. A member of the faculty who receives such written notification may request, within 10 business days of receipt of said notice, that the president or chancellor refer the matter to the Faculty Senate Committee on Privilege and Tenure. Upon receipt of said request the president or chancellor shall refer the matter to said committee within 5 business days. If the individual concerned does not request referral to the privilege and tenure committee within 10 business days, the individual faculty member shall be deemed to have forfeited the right to such proceedings. The individual concerned shall be permitted to have counsel and the opportunity to question witnesses as provided in the rules of procedure governing faculty dismissal proceedings. In such proceedings, the burden of proof shall be on the university administration.
(C) The president upon receipt of the findings, conclusions, and/or recommendations of the Faculty Senate Committee on Privilege and Tenure and review thereof, shall recommend action deemed appropriate and forward the recommendation to the Board of Regents as required by regent policy for final action, if any.
(D) The Faculty Senate Committee on Privilege and Tenure shall function in dismissal proceedings as authorized by the Board of Regents and shall conduct its hearings consistent with its rules and procedures approved by the Board of Regents.
5.C.3 Faculty Senate Grievance Process
(A) Nature of Grievances
(1) Any member of the Faculty Senate who is denied reappointment, with or without tenure, or who is denied promotion and who believes that such action is unjustified and constitutes a specific encroachment upon his or her rights may file a grievance with the Faculty Senate Committee on Privilege and Tenure.
(2) Grievance cases involving perceived violations of academic rights, privileges, or tenure, including, but not limited to, those arising during a post-tenure review process, may also be filed with the Faculty Senate Committee on Privilege and Tenure.
(B) Grievance Proceedings
(1) The Faculty Senate Committee on Privilege and Tenure shall be constituted as provided in the Faculty Senate Constitution and shall investigate, mediate and hear grievances that are submitted to it by members of the Faculty Senate in accordance with the procedures described in regent policy and in accordance with other applicable rules and procedures adopted pursuant to regent policy.
(2) Findings, conclusions, and recommendations of the Faculty Senate Committee on Privilege and Tenure shall be forwarded to the president or campus chancellor who shall, upon review thereof, take such action as is deemed to be in the best interests of the university and in accordance with these regent laws, regent policies, and applicable federal and state laws, rules and regulations. The chancellor or president shall refer the recommendations to the Board of Regents for final action as required by regent laws and policies.
(C) Mediation
Mediation shall be available during the grievance process as a means of resolving faculty grievances.
(A) The University of Colorado was created and is maintained to afford men and women a liberal education in the several branches of literature, arts, sciences, and the professions. These aims can be achieved only in that atmosphere of free inquiry and discussion, which has become a tradition of universities and is called "academic freedom."
(B) For this purpose, "academic freedom" is defined as the freedom to inquire, discover, publish and teach truth as the faculty member sees it, subject to no control or authority save the control and authority of the rational methods by which truth is established.
(C) Within the bounds of this definition, academic freedom requires that members of the faculty must have complete freedom to study, to learn, to do research, and to communicate the results of these pursuits to others. The students likewise must have freedom of study and discussion. The fullest exposure to conflicting opinions is the best insurance against error.
(D) Academic freedom does not give either faculty or students the right to disregard the standards of conduct outlined in part B of article 7 of these Laws.
(E) All members of the academic community have a responsibility to protect the university as a forum for the free expression of ideas.
(A) Faculty members have the responsibility to maintain competence, exert themselves to the limit of their intellectual capacities in scholarship, research, writing, and speaking; and to act on and off the campus with integrity and in accordance with the highest standards of their profession. While they fulfill this responsibility, their efforts should not be subjected to direct or indirect pressures or interference from within the university, and the university will resist to the utmost such pressures or interference when exerted from without.
(B) Faculty members can meet their responsibilities only when they have confidence that their work will be judged on its merits alone. For this reason the appointment, reappointment, promotion, and tenure of faculty members should be based primarily on the individual's ability in teaching, research/creative work, and leadership and service and should not be influenced by such extrinsic considerations as political, social, or religious views, or views concerning departmental or university operation or administration. A disciplinary action against a faculty member, including dismissal for cause of faculty, should not be influenced by such extrinsic consideration.
(C) The faculty member is entitled to freedom in the classroom in discussing the subject, but should be careful not to introduce into teaching controversial matter that has no relation to the subject.
(D) Faculty members are citizens, members of learned professions, and members of the academic leadership of an educational institution. When speaking or writing as citizens, they should be free from university censorship or discipline, but their special position in the community imposes special obligations. As faculty members however, they should remember that the public may judge their profession and institution by their utterances. Hence faculty members should be accurate at all times, should exercise appropriate restraint and show respect for the opinions of others, and when speaking or writing as private citizens should make every effort to indicate that they are not speaking for the institution.
5.E.1 Acknowledgement
(A) The faculty government exists and derives its power from the authority delegated to it by the Board of Regents.
(B) The University of Colorado Faculty Senate Constitution identifies the organizations of faculty government as the Faculty Senate, the Senate committee(s), the Faculty Council and its committees, the four campus faculty governing bodies and their committees, and the faculty in each college or school in the university.
(A) Membership
(1) The Faculty Senate consists of all members of the general faculty with the following titles whose appointments are fifty-percent or more: professor, associate professor, assistant professor, senior instructor, instructor, scholar in residence, and artist in residence. Adjoint, attendant, clinical, and research faculty with fifty-percent or more appointments in the above ranks are also members of the Faculty Senate. The Faculty Senate's powers and duties are acknowledged by the Board of Regents to be vested in the Faculty Senate, the Senate committees, the Faculty Council and its committees, the campus faculty governing bodies and their committees, and the faculty in each college or school in the university.
(2) Ex officio members with the right to vote are the president of the university; the vice presidents; the chancellors; the vice chancellors; all deans; the directors of the budget, libraries, and museum; and professors emeritus.
(B) Officers
(1) The president of the university shall be the president of the Faculty Senate. [See also subsection 3.B.1 (F) of these Laws.]
(2) The vice president of the Faculty Senate shall preside at meetings of the Senate.
The Faculty Council is the representative governing body of the Faculty Senate, consisting of members of the Senate elected according to the Faculty Senate Constitution.
5.E.4 Campus Faculty Senate and Governing Bodies
(A) The campus faculty senates consist of those members of the Faculty Senate whose appointments are seated at the campus in question and such other members of the general faculty as may be made members of that campus faculty senate by the campus faculty constitution.
(B) Each campus faculty senate shall establish a campus faculty senate constitution, which shall be consistent with the Faculty Senate Constitution.
(C) The campus faculty assemblies are the representative governing bodies of the campus faculty senates and consist of members of that senate elected or appointed as may be provided in the campus faculty senate constitution of the campus in question. Committees of faculty assemblies shall be established as provided in the relevant campus senate constitutions.
5.E.5. Principles of Participation
It is a guiding principle of the shared governance recognized by the Board of Regents that the faculty and the administration shall collaborate in major decisions affecting the academic welfare of the university. The nature of that collaboration, shared as appropriate with students and staff, varies according to the nature of the decisions in question.
The faculty takes the lead in decisions concerning selection of faculty, educational policy related to teaching, curriculum, research, academic ethics, and other academic matters. The administration takes the lead in matters of internal operations and external relations of the university. In every case, the faculty and the administration participate in the governance and operation of the university as provided by and in accordance with the laws and policies of the Board of Regents, and the laws and regulations of the state of Colorado. The chair or other designated representative of the Faculty Council shall be the spokesperson for the faculty when addressing the Board of Regents on matters of importance to shared governance.
(A) The faculty shall have the principal role for originating academic policy and standards, including initial authorization and direction of all courses, curricula, and degrees offered, admissions criteria, regulation of student academic conduct and activities, and determination of candidates for degrees.
(B) The faculty shall have the principal role for originating scholastic policy, including scholastic standards for admission, grading (consistent with the Uniform Grading System of the University), continuation, graduation, and honors. As required by the Laws of the Regents, the deans of the colleges and schools shall have responsibility for enforcement of admissions standards and requirements.
(C) In the selection and evaluation of faculty, the faculty shall have the principal role, subject to the concurrence of the administration and the ultimate authority of the Board of Regents or its designee(s).
(D) In establishing policies and procedures for faculty appointment, reappointment, promotion, tenure and post-tenure review, and establishing policies and procedures for the appeal of decisions in these areas, the faculty shall collaborate with the campus and system administrations in the development of recommendations to the president for submission to the Board of Regents.
(E) In the selection and evaluation of department chairs and academic administrators, the faculty shall collaborate with the campus and system administrations in the development of recommendations for submission to the Board of Regents or its designee(s).
(F) In establishing and reviewing budget policies and plans for resource allocation, the faculty shall collaborate with the campus or system administration in the development of recommendations to the chancellor or the president, as appropriate, for submission to the Board of Regents. This includes review for new academic degree program proposals, academic program review, and program discontinuance.
(G) In the preparation of budgets, the administration shall have the principal role, with early collaboration with the appropriate faculty governance unit(s), subject to the ultimate authority of the Board of Regents or its designee(s).
(H) In the making of other policy concerning the general academic welfare of the university, the faculty shall collaborate with the administration in developing recommendations to the president for submission to the Board of Regents.
(I) Administrative policy changes with respect to matters listed in the Faculty Senate Constitution, Article I.B that affect faculty shall be promulgated only after consultation with appropriate faculty governance bodies.
(J) In the Faculty Senate Constitution, Articles II-IV, which defines the structure and functions of faculty governance at different university levels, other aspects of faculty participation are specified.
History: Amended 10/26/90, 05/06/93, 08/07/97, 10/16/97, 02/19/98, 03/19/98, 08/03/00, 10/10/02, 11/03/05, 04/19/07, 03/27/08, 11/09/11, 04/29/2014; 09/11/14. Appendix A was rescinded 01/14/09.
Part B last amended 09/11/14
Part C last amended 11/09/11
Part D last amended 04/29/14


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A reference for cognitive gerontologists, medical and health researchers in hospitals and health science centers, and academicians interested in the research of aging, exercise, and cognition. Also a supplemental text for graduate students taking special-topic seminars and for university faculty members who study or teach topics of exercise and psychosocial benefits of exercise.
Waneen W. Spirduso, EdD, is the Oscar and Anne Mauzy Regents Professor in the department of kinesiology and health education at the University of Texas (UT) at Austin. She was chair of the UT department of kinesiology and health education for 14 years and served as interim dean of the College of Education for 2-1/2 years. Since 1975 her academic interests, research, and presentations have focused on issues central to gerontology and kinesiology, and her research programs have been sponsored by four of the National Institutes of Health and several local foundations.A widely published author, Dr. Spirduso is also a popular speaker at conferences across the United States. She is the recipient of many honors and awards, including recognition as the Texas Association for Health, Physical Education, Recreation and Dance Scholar in 1986 and the American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation and Dance Scholar (AAHPERD) in 1987. She served two terms as president of the North American Society for the Psychology of Sport and Physical Activity (NASPSPA) and one term as president of the American Academy of Kinesiology and Physical Education (AAKPE).Dr. Spirduso is a fellow of the Gerontological Society of America and a member of AAHPERD, ACSM, and AAKPE.
Leonard W. Poon, PhD, is a professor of public health and psychology, chair of the faculty of gerontology, and director of the Gerontology Center at the University of Georgia at Athens. He received his PhD in experimental psychology in 1972 from the University of Denver and has studied aging and cognition for over 30 years with specific emphasis on environmental and lifestyle influences that enhance cognitive functioning in older adults.
A fellow of the American Psychological Association, American Psychological Society, Association of Gerontology in Higher Education, and the Gerontology Society of America, Poon was a Fulbright senior research scholar in Sweden and a senior visiting research scientist to Japan. In 2000, Poon received an honorary doctorate of philosophy from Lund University in Sweden. Among his research awards are the NIA Special Research Award, VA Medical Research Service Achievement Award, North American Leader in Psychogeriatrics, and Southern Gerontological Society Academic Gerontologist Award.
Poon's primary research areas are normal and pathological changes of memory processes in aging, clinical assessment of memory (including assessment of early stages of dementia of the Alzheimer's type), and survival characteristics and adaptation of centenarians. He is currently directing a nine-university, NIA-funded program studying the genetic basis of longevity, relationships between the brain and behavior in Alzheimer's disease, and daily functioning capacities of the oldest old.
Poon currently resides in Athens, Georgia. In his free time he enjoys cycling, photography, and traveling.
Wojtek Chodzko-Zajko, PhD, serves as both department head and professor of kinesiology and community health at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. He served on the World Health Organization Scientific Advisory Committee, which issued guidelines for physical activity in older adults. Chodzko-Zajko chairs the Active Aging Partnership, a national coalition in the area of healthy aging linking the American College of Sports Medicine, the National Institute of Aging, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the American Geriatrics Society, the National Council on the Aging, the American Association of Retired Persons, and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation.
Since 2002, Chodzko-Zajko has served as principal investigator of the National Blueprint Project, a coalition of more than 50 national organizations with a joint commitment to promoting independent, active aging in the 50+ population. He was founding editor of the Journal of Aging and Physical Activity and president of the International Society for Aging and Physical Activity.
He is frequently invited to speak about healthful aging at national and international meetings. Chodzko-Zajko has appeared often on television and radio, including the NBC "Today Show," National Public Radio, and CNN.
"...This book is the beginning of the approach to a unified theory of geriatrics and gerontology."
Doody's Book Review
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A Space Indexed Song Selector, Mapper, and VisualizerVatrapu, Ravi; Joseph, Sam (Frederiksberg, 2009)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The Songs+Spaces system supports dynamic song selection and visualization based on the digital artifacts associated with a particular location. Songs+Spaces allows the user to select between different channels that filter out sets of digital artifacts associated with their current location. The Songs+Spaces system chooses songs based on user (self or other) preferences, geo-coded photos, videos, text annotations, and graphics associated with a particular place and uses them to provide visual accompaniment on the screen of a personal media player or heads up display. This application makes use of GPS or other location based services, and will run on any device that has access to such services URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7975
Files in this item: 12009-CAICT_Com_72009-SS-Paper.pdf (405.6Kb)
exploring the role of local externalities and global networksJensen, Camilla (København, 2002)[More information][Less information]
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7084
Files in this item: 1wp44.pdf (257.6Kb)
a matter of contractual failuresRose, Caspar (København, 2003)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Abstract: This article analyzes the conflict of interests between shareholders and other stakeholders, including when such conflicts of interests may arise. It is argued that shareholder value cannot be justified simply by referring to any prerogative property rights of the shareholders. Instead, shareholder value coincides with the efficient hypothetical perfect contract. However, due to contractual failures in certain bargain situations, management may be unable to "internalize the firms externalities". This means that in these situations there is a tradeoff between a broad duty of loyalty for management in listed firms and other traditional remedies. The theoretical insights are applied on a case from the Danish Supreme Court (Louis Poulsen A/S) where the interests of the stakeholders were decisive. However, it is shown that the verdict may instead harm the relevant stakeholders illustrating how cautious the legal system should use a doctrine based on the "company's interests". In addition, the notion of a firm's social responsibility is critically evaluated together with the associated pitfalls of accepting this concept. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6796
Files in this item: 1wplefic162003.pdf (375.9Kb)
Internal and External Pressures and State ResponsesEmbong, Abdul Rahman (Frederiksberg, 2015)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This article examines the role of the state in development, and the question of poverty, inequality and regional disparity in selected ASEAN countries Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand and the Philippines in the context of both internal and external pressures faced by the state and how its responds to them. This article examines the historical context of the socioeconomic transformation, the current state of development, the high level of poverty in these countries (except Malaysia), the pervasive inequality and regional disparity, the various internal and external pressures exerted on the state and the latter's response to them. The article concludes by highlighting the importance of appropriate state policies for inclusive development and the role of civil society to exert pressure to ensure states perform such tasks. It argues that these issues are a result of state policies and institutional arrangements, and that to resolve them, appropriate inclusive policies need to be crafted and effectively implemented. The state has the autonomy and space to devise such policies but it is dependent on the political will of state actors and the role of civil society in engaging with the state to effect such reforms to address poverty, inequality and regional disparity effectively. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9225
Files in this item: 12015-52.pdf (756.3Kb)
Chong, Sabrina; Wad, Peter (København, 2008)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Offshore outsourcing of business activities from the Global North to the Global South does not only relocate investments and jobs, but has also brought about new business demands on suppliers activities and their social and environmental impact. The article explores whether, how and why offshore outsourcing transactions between foreign firms and Malaysian firms affect the upgrading of the CSR activities of Malaysia incorporated firms, taking the particular institutional context of Malaysia into consideration. The focus is on recipient country vendors, contract manufacturers or subcontractors and their reception of and strategising about corporate social responsibility. The findings of the study indicate, firstly, that the amount of foreign (sub)contracting influences the CSR strategising of domestic firms while the global value chain position is only conditioning the offshore outsourcing portfolio. Secondly, both the corporate governance of Malaysian affiliate and the Malaysian government play an important role shaping the perception, rhetoric and organisation of CSR activities by firms in Malaysia with a domestic value chain position. Hence, firms in Malaysia are squeezed by international business linkages and the local institutional context. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6757
Files in this item: 1wps-2007_no.7.pdf (420.9Kb)
The Case of Roshan, An Afghan Telecommunication CompanyAzizi, Sameer A. (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: CSR is a rising phenomena in Afghanistan – but why are firms concerned about CSR in a least-developed context such as Afghanistan, and what are the strategic benefits? This paper is one of the first to explore these CSR issues in a least-developed country. It does so by focusing on CSR in the Afghan telecommunication sector and in particular on 'Roshan' as a case company. The findings of this paper are two-folded. First, it provides an overview of the CSR practices in the telecommunication sector in Afghanistan. Second, it focuses on one case and explains whether Roshan can gain strategic advantages through CSR in Afghanistan, and if so which and how these strategic benefits are gained. The paper shows that the developmental challenges of Afghanistan are the key explanations for why companies engage in CSR. Roshan has engaged in proactive CSR to overcome the contextual barriers for growth. Based on an analysis of five CSR projects, it can be assessed that Roshan enhances its competitive advantage through CSR in internal, external, and wider- society levels. It is analyzed that Roshan influences its competitive context both from inside-out and out-side in dimensions, and that the CSR projects could all live up to the strategic CSR criteria drawn from the academic work of Porter and Kramer, Burke and Logsdon and Blowfield. Finally, the paper discusses how in a context of a weak state and civil society, and massive developmental challenges, CSR is not a matter of an 'add-on choice', but is based on a 'license to operate' motivation, where businesses have free room for maneuvering CSR towards their strategic priorities and business goals. Whether this creates a 'shared value' for both business and in particularly for the society is however still questionable. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8444
Files in this item: 1Azizi_CBDS_nr _1_2012.pdf (704.0Kb)
the case of TAMIV S.A.Arens, Patrick (København, 1998)[More information][Less information]
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7060
Files in this item: 1wp11.pdf (99.78Kb)
Duus, Henrik Johannsen (København, 2008)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Current changes in business conditions may increase interest in environmental scanning and external analysis within the area of corporate strategy. Thus, strategic forecasting is gaining prominence. Strategic forecasting can be defined as the area of business economics that deals with the study and the practical application of methods, theories, models and techniques for long-term analysis of the non-proximate environment of the firm with the purpose of conducting strategic innovation. This paper distinguishes strategic forecasting from other analytical approaches and develops its theoretical basis. Finally, challenges in future theoretical development and implications for business economic theory and practices are elaborated. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7674
Files in this item: 1cme 2008-017.pdf (200.8Kb)
Toward a Theory of Scandinavian Cooperative AdvantageStrand, Robert (Frederiksberg, 2017)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Whereas strategic management in the U.S. has traditionally focused on competition and a competitive advantage, Scandinavian strategic management has long centered on effective cooperation. In light of recent calls in the U.S. to shift toward cooperation to realize opportunities for shared value creation and address sustainability challenges, the Scandinavian context can effectively serve as an inspiration for this shift. We conduct our exploration with two interrelated objectives: to increase awareness of the Scandinavian cooperative approach and encourage practitioner and researcher inquiry, and to provide a stepping stone to a more thorough research agenda on cooperation in the Scandinavian context. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9464
Files in this item: 1
Duus, Henrik Johannsen (København, 2007)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Der kan forventes en øget interesse for virksomhedens eksterne omgivelser i strategilægningen i forbindelse med ændringer i virksomhedernes erhvervsbetingelser. Dette aktualiserer Strategisk Forecasting, som kan defineres som det område af erhvervsøkonomien, der omhandler studiet og anvendelsen af metoder, teorier og teknikker, som understøtter langsigtede analyser af virksomhedernes fjernmiljø i forbindelse med den strategiske iværksættelse af innovative aktiviteter. Dette paper afgrænser området i forhold til andre typer af analyser og udvikler det teoretiske grundlag bag området. Afslutningsvis specificeres udfordringerne i den fremtidige teoretiske udvikling og implikationerne for den erhvervsøkonomiske praksis i virksomhederne. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7680
Files in this item: 1cme 2007-014.pdf (257.2Kb)
Lyck, Lise (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The long term tendencies for the EU economic development is not particular prosperous. The reason is found in the fact that both the GDP in the EU countries in relation to the world GDP as well as the size of the EU population in relation to the world population are decreasing. This implies relatively lower incomes in the EU and a change in the average age of the population with relatively more elderly people and an increased need for public services and a relatively smaller labor force. This long term development is also distinctive for the development in the Baltic Sea Region countries. The development implies that more export to the rest of the world as well as more tourists coming from the rest of the world to the EU should be on the main EU political agenda as well as on the agenda for the Baltic Sea countries. It is simply needed if the Baltic Sea Region countries shall continue to have an economic development with economic growth. The economic and financial crisis since September 2008 has deepened the problematic situation. It was seen in the press release after the G20 meeting in June 2012. Here, tourism was mentioned for the first time by the G20 countries and it was stressed that tourism development worldwide has to be given priority, as a policy to create jobs and to create economic growth as well as a recovery policy (WTTC, 2012). Tourism in this context includes transportation, shopping, attractions and events, accommodation and meals, i.e. all elements in leisure and business tourism. EU had already given more attention to tourism by including tourism in the Lisboan Treaty, approved during 2007 and ratified in 2008. Part One of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union provides that tourism falls within those actions designed to 'support, coordinate or supplement the actions of the Member States', i.e. within the EU's powers to support the Member States (Article 6(d)). The new legal basis (Article 195, Part 3) develops this concept, by stipulating that the Union shall complement the action of the Member States in the tourism sector, in particular by promoting the competitiveness of Union undertakings. There is thus no standalone European policy on tourism; instead, the EU tries to encourage a favorable framework for economic development and facilitate cooperation between Member States in that area, through the exchange of good practices. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8716
Files in this item: 1Lise_Llyck_4.pdf (1.328Mb)
past debates, central questions, and future research possibilitiesFoss, Nicolai Juul (København, 2002)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The role of transaction cost economics in developing research in strategy has been a hotly debated topic over the last decade. This paper presents the radical argument that transaction cost insights are more than merely useful complements to existing approaches to strategy. Rather, they are necessary for adequately understanding the nature of strategizing. This is because transaction costs are essential aspects of processes of creating, capturing and protecting value. If transaction costs are zero, these processes do not pose any strategic problems; strategizing is trivialized in such a world. When transaction costs are positive, on the other hand, opportunities for value creation through the reduction of inefficiencies caused by transaction costs exist, and protecting and appropriating value are costly activities that dissipate value. Also, contracting and expectations enter as central aspects of strategizing. Arguments are provided for why economizing (with transaction costs) is more fundamental than strategizing (in the sense of exploiting market power). Thus, the paper argues that models in which the fullest possible account of transaction costs is made be used as the proper foundations and benchmarks for economics-based strategy research, rather than the patched-up competitive equilibrium models that are now used, more or less implicitly, as the benchmark in important parts of strategy research, most notably in the resource-based view. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6911
Files in this item: 1druid02-04.pdf (448.9Kb)
Mahnke, Volker; Foss, Nicolai J. (Frederiksberg, 1998)[More information][Less information]
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7844
Files in this item: 1DRUID_98_29.pdf (107.6Kb)
Laursen, Keld; Drejer, Ina (Frederiksberg, 1997)[More information][Less information]
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7855
Files in this item: 1DRUID_97_14.pdf (254.6Kb)
The Success Stories of Malaysian SMEs in Promoting and Penetrating Global Markets through Business Competitiveness StrategiesSin, Khoo Cheok (Frederiksberg, 2010)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Over the past decade, the Government of Malaysia has become increasing aware of the significant contribution of small medium enterprises (SMEs) to the national economy. A number of Government programmes and incentives were offered to the SMEs in the past years but with limited impact. This lecture touches on the nature and contribution of the Malaysian SMEs in the first five years of the 21st century. An attempt was made to identify the success factors and weaknesses of SMEs from official reports of Government agencies, and findings of research studies on the subject. Recognising the challenges posed by globalisation and trade liberalisation on the Malaysian SMEs, the Government revamped its policies, programmes, incentives, and approaches which are currently implemented in the Ninth Malaysian Plan and the Third Industrial Master Plan. The objective is to enhance the SMEs' capacity and capabilities through continuous product development, knowledge and technology acquisition to empower them to compete with other global players offering high quality products and services at competitive prices. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8023
Files in this item: 1Discussion paper master.doc.pdf (185.6Kb)
Effekter og styringsmæssige udfordringerAndersen, Kim Normann; Medaglia, Rony (, 2009)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Denne forskningsrapport er udarbejdet som led i et forstudie af effektmåling og ledelse af sundhedsit. Studiet er gennemført 2008-09 som led i faggruppen ledelse og effektmåling under Sundhedsitnet. Sundhedsitnet er et højteknologisk netværk med deltagere fra private firmaer, vidensinstitutioner og offentlige institutioner. Sundhedsitnet er placeret ved Alexandra Institutet. Mere information om netværkets aktiviteter kan indhentes via http://www.sundhedsitnet.dk/ Effektmåling af sundhedsydelser er et af de mest omdiskuterede og kontroversielle evalueringsfelter. Klinikernes og de sundhedsprofessionelles fokus på sundhedsfaglige vurderinger, menneskelige og langsigtede hensyn står hyppigt i direkte modsætning til administrative og økonomiske prioriteringshensyn. I denne rapport har vi sammenfattet og søgt at finde vej i den jungle af sundhedsfora og konsultationstyper der vokser frem i disse år. Dermed er den et input til den videre afklaring af forskningsagenda indenfor sundhedsit og et direkte input til den styrings- og effektmålingsdiskussion som trænger sig på indenfor dette felt. Rapporten er i tråd med Van de Ven's nyligt udkomne bog om at foretage engageret forskning, hvor samspillet mellem teori, praksis udfordringer, løsninger og modelopstilling er målestokken for forskningsprocessen og for outputtet af denne (Van de Ven, 2007). Hensigten er ikke at stoppe digitaliseringen af konsultationen, tværtimod. Hensigten er at fremme digitaliseringen så den får endnu mere fart på og bliver en del af den ressourceprioriteringsopgave der er så påtrængende indenfor sundhedssektoren. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7751
Files in this item: 1CAICT_2009_01.pdf (164.9Kb)
Lyck, Lise (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This survey relates to the EU project AGORA 2.0 work package 4 item c) a contest on innovative heritage product ideas among students/universities. The survey should have been carries out by another partner, but it was not done. It was therefore decided on the last meeting and seminar in the AGORA project in Poland in November 2012, which TCM/CBS should undertake the survey and fulfill the AGORA 2.0 requirements. On this background a survey among students of tourism, hospitality and service management at the Copenhagen Business School was carried out. The students include students from many countries, and the studies are taught in English. This publication presents the survey and the results of the survey. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8712
Files in this item: 1Lise_Llyck_3.pdf (2.379Mb)
Lyck, Lise (Frederiksberg, 2013)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: In the past decades tourism has grown rapidly in connection with globalization. Business tourism especially has increased heavily and represents one of the largest and fastest growing sectors within the tourism sphere (Lyck 2012:2). Alongside, the growing globalization and consumption have created a need for an increased awareness of the threats posed by an overuse of non-renewable resources. Subsequently, the concept of sustainability has come into focus. A commonly accepted definition of sustainability was made by the Brundtland Commission in 1987: "Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs" (WCED 1987:43). The concept of sustainability is often associated with the three pillars: Environment, society and economy (Lyck 2012:1, Weaver & Lawton 2006). In relation to the industry of tourism, sustainability can be described as: Sustainability principles refer to the environmental, economic and socio-cultural aspects of tourism development, and a suitable balance must be established between these three dimensions to guarantee long-term sustainability. (UNWTO, Lyck 2012:1). The focus in this article will be on how to 2 establish social and environmental sustainability in a way that is compatible with economical sustainability within the meetings industry. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8782
Files in this item: 1Lyck_3.pdf (442.6Kb)
Lycy, Lise (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Sustainability is a rather new concept. In 1987, the report "Our Common Future" was published and the concept sustainability was presented and came into focus worldwide as the report became a UN report also called the Bundtland Report, named after the commission's chairwoman Gro Harlem Brundtland, Prime Minister of Norway. Sustainability was defined as "a development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs" (WCED, 1987, p.43). Since then the definition has been further developed include the sustainability of environment, economy and society (Weaver & Lawton, 2006). It has been related to different industries and with the introduction of Agenda 21 in the early 1990s, the tourism industry was encouraged to adopt codes of conduct and best practices for sustainability for the first time (Sloan et al., 2009, p.7). In tourism it resulted in the following: "Sustainability principles refer to the environmental, economic and socio-cultural aspects of tourism development, and a suitable balance must be established between these three dimensions to guarantee its long-term sustainability" (UNWTO definition in Sloan et al., 2009, p.4). URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8715
Files in this item: 1LYCK_2012_7.pdf (77.63Kb)
Feldhütter, Peter; Stenbo Nielsen, Mads (, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: We present a new estimation approach that allows us to extract from spreads in synthetic credit markets the contribution of systematic and idiosyncratic default risk to total default risk. Using an extensive data set of 90,600 CDS and CDO tranche spreads on the North American Investment Grade CDX index we conduct an empirical analysis of an intensity-based model for correlated defaults. Our results show that systematic default risk is an explosive process with low volatility, while idiosyncratic default risk is more volatile but less explosive. Also, we nd that the model is able to capture both the level and time series dynamics of CDO tranche spreads. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9102
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Del and Mladen discuss their takes on "Oblivion."
"Oblivion" Starring Tom Cruise, Morgan Freeman, Olga Kurylenko, Andrea Riseborough, Melissa Leo. Directed by Joseph Kosinski. 124 minutes. Rated PG.
Del�s take
And why did they choose the title "Oblivion"?
Because that�s how long the movie is.
It�s nice to look at, though. And the cast does a credible job. Critics dismiss Tom Cruise as an actor but he�s good � if you saw "Collateral" you�ll know what I�m talking about. Olga Kurylenko, Andrea Riseborough and Melisso Leo carry their weight, with Leo�s part trending toward Clicheland at the end. Morgan Freeman stars as Morgan Freeman.
"Oblivion�s" problem, however, lies in its veneer of a story. Casual science fiction fans will appreciate its sleek look and original ideas. Everybody else will look at those ideas, recognize they�ve been done time and again, and wonder what the fuss was about.
Here�s the story: Mankind has fought and won a war with alien invaders, but in the process they�ve rendered Earth uninhabitable. Everyone has fled to a sanctuary on Saturn�s moon Titan. Left behind are Jack (Cruise) and Victoria (Riseborough) who must oversee a fleet of drones that protects giant energy harvesters from scattered remnants of the alien invasion force. In two weeks� time the harvesters will have collected enough energy to ensure mankind�s future on Titan. But a spacecraft crash lands on Earth and disgorges a crew of preserved human beings, including a woman Jack seems to remember from a former life. He begins to question everything he knows, including his current mission.
"Oblivion" relies on a couple of plot twists to deliver impact and I will not reveal them here. Suffice it to say the first act � no doubt intended as a character-building session by director Kosinski � is excruciatingly long and, dare I say, boring. Things pick up in the second act, and it was here I figured out what was really going on in the movie. The third act was mostly action-packed, though a word of warning: If trailers created the impression "Oblivion" is a grand-scale science fiction epic with sprawling CGI battles, think again. It�s mostly character-driven. Movie fans will recognize influences from "2001," "Minority Report" and "Gattaca."
Cruise is effective as the memory-wiped Jack struggling for rapprochement with the images he sees of a wife in a former life. Riseborough, his teammate, successfully evokes a slavish dedication to corporate dictates, at one point reminding Jack it�s their job not to remember. And Kurylenko brings to her role a sweetly devoted innocence that makes her worthy of Jack�s attentions.
Leo�s role, as the administrator of an orbiting station that monitors the drones, is constrained, but she nonetheless brings personality to her exchanges with the Earth-side crew until the very end of the movie, when she devolves into a caricature. Freeman has limited screen time and seems to channel Denzel Washington in "The Book of Eli."
All of this is not to say "Oblivion" is a bad movie. But it�s not very original, it features long stretches of not much happening, and despite its beauty and the skill of its cast, it won�t create a lasting impression.
Mladen�s take
Walking from the theater, I asked Del, "What was the last good movie we saw?" We had just watched "Oblivion."
"Cloverfield," was the response after a few moments of thought.
Yet, Del has written a merciful review of "Oblivion."
To be honest, I sympathize to some degree with his reaction. The actors sincerely and skillful portrayed their characters but were unable to subdue the movie�s weak script, clich�d ideas and too many subplots.
"Oblivion" is a sci-fi dystopian chick-flick fairy tale with some action.
Let�s start with the good.
The cinematography was lush and, somehow, sparing at the same time.
The special effects were very good.
Jack�s bubble engine-powered, high-performing V/STOL aircraft with a goldfish bowl cockpit was neat.
The autonomous spherical drones that protected gigantic water vaporizers were menacing despite their shape. Fast, heavily armed and assessing threats through HAL 9000-like sensor eyes, the unmanned combat aerial vehicles intimidated me not because of their role in the movie. They�re what the real mankind-induced future has in store for us.
Finally, there�s what the orbiting space station administrator would say when she finished giving Jack and Victoria their orders: "Are we an effective team?"
It�s exactly what many of us encounter during the course of a workday. A type of corporate cheerleading that�s all enthusiasm and smiles on the surface and brain-washing dogma beneath that reminds workers they better toe the line if they want to keep their jobs. Are you with us or against us?
Now, a few of the weaknesses of "Oblivion."
Del mentioned that "Oblivion" has similarities with movies that came before it, "2001: A Space Odyssey," "Minority Report," and "Gattaca." I add "The Matrix," "Independence Day" and even "Battle: LA" to the list.
Maybe it�s impossible to devise a novel reason that aliens would invade earth. Maybe it�s impossible to end the invasion with other than nuking the mothership from the inside after gaining access to it through implausible deception. But, can�t someone, somewhere try?
"Oblivion" is a complex story. It weaves Jack�s nightmares with suspicions about the truth of his situation. For good measure, there are the battles that he has to fight with "scavs" whenever he has to repair a drone that has crash landed. And, another principal character is fully introduced about half-way into the movie.
Complexity doesn�t have to be bad. The problem is that it can be very tricky to develop as a screenplay. And, in the case of "Oblivion," it took a long, long time to tie everything together. The effort including introducing a backstory to establish true identities.
As "Oblivion" dragged on, I became bored. Not even the questions that it raised periodically were enough to pull me back from the urge to look at my wristwatch.
I didn�t feel much sympathy for the characters when the movie ended.
And, I was thoroughly irritated by the arrogant dopiness of the lone, star-travelling alien that met its demise by ingesting a human-planted, uncontrolled nuclear chain reaction device. All the being needed was a couple of cloned TSA screeners and an X-ray machine to detect the nuke and it would have been on its way to destroy another planet in just a couple of weeks.
Mladen Rudman is a former journalist and public information officer. Del Stone Jr. is a journalist and author.


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Old archived messages: Archive1 Archive2 Archive3 Archive4
Could you put me on the water team and show me how to to make one of those customized signitures? WiseGuy17 16:36, August 21, 2011 (UTC)
Yes I wan to have a word bubble like you. WiseGuy17 17:54, August 21, 2011 (UTC)
I would like it to change colors of red green and blue if you can do it. Also could you put a picture of Dialga. Then send me a preview on my talkpage and I will write the stuff on it and send it back to you. WiseGuy17 18:01, August 21, 2011 (UTC)
That looks great! I did a few changes to it but the colors are just right. But how do i answer people in it. On my prefences do I just type in template:WiseGuy17 or what. WiseGuy17 18:30, August 21, 2011 (UTC)
Can I join too? I just LOVE Water types!
Thanks Hstar
Thanks Hstar I will be testing it and i will tell you the results.WiseGuy17 18:38, August 21, 2011 (UTC)
Word BubbleI came up with this, WiseGuy-My Talk
Forum:PokePower Namespace
Hi there, Hstar! As an admin, your opinion is valued among the community and matters more in decisions. And as a PokePower member, I was wondering if you could comment on Forum:PokePower Namespace, as more opinions are needed before we send in the email to request the namespace. Thank you. – Jäzzi 14:55, August 22, 2011 (UTC)
Palace Maven Spenser
Hello, i wanted to say that the part of Palace Maven Spenser's anime description could;ve been way better, i know no information about him from the anime but like it should've described what he does in the anime and such instead of showing his pokemon or im mistaken but can you please respond to this. Nighthawk 02:53, August 28, 2011 (UTC)
Re:Anime Pokemon
- I tried doing that, but we then have more than two different sets of color on the template, it gets sort of complicated and I don't think I want to do any more modifications to it.
- I don't know if you can send in fonts to staff, try asking on Community wiki about it.
- Crimsnnavy C S 19:13, August 28, 2011 (UTC)
Sorry I forgot, and I couldnt reply 'cause I havent been on since. Charizard3 (talk) Glad to talk with you 20:09, August 28, 2011 (UTC)
ok sorry i don't know how to make a link Darkusgal231 16:51, August 30, 2011 (UTC)
ok ty Darkusgal231 17:06, August 30, 2011 (UTC)
i saw your page you made on your wiki,that was mean,really mean X10 kaio ken 18:52, August 30, 2011 (UTC)
If you can give me the hex codes for each element, I can give you the code for changing the colors and you can just copy it to the template. Crimsnnavy C S 20:20, August 30, 2011 (UTC)
- Just add
{{{element|?}}}|earth|Earth =78C850|fire|Fire= F08030|water|Water = 6890F0|ice|Ice= 98D8D8|wind|Wind= A890F0|light|Light = FFCC00|energy|Energy = FF9900|darkness|Darkness = 705848|? = 70685C}};to the element section of the template. Crimsnnavy C S 22:15, August 31, 2011 (UTC)
Message from X10 kaio ken
he told you the story if you ask he is at my house right now X10 kaio ken 19:30, August 31, 2011 (UTC)
Project Anime
A job as an A.A.E =) —Preceding unsigned comment added by DeputySpike (talk • contribs)
go on chat with me on my pokemon wiki.X10 Kaio KenLogan 21:07, September 3, 2011 (UTC)
Ok, I guess i could do that. DeputySpike 03:52, September 4, 2011 (UTC)
Hi, Hstar. I was wondering if you could ban this user from chat. I asked him politely to leave 5 times and he responded in caps: "No i don't i am a free man" "OUTRAGEOUS THATS RIP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"
Thanks, The Latias Fan 20:51, September 4, 2011 (UTC)
LatiasFan and I were on chat and Pkmnman1345 came up. He had less than 25 edits. We explained and asked him to leave but he wouldn't cooperate. There were no admins to help. As far as I know, Pkmnman1345 is still in this iikiCan you do anything about it? Bmltera-Talk 21:02, September 4, 2011 (UTC)
- I blocked him, he vandalized some categories as well. Technology Wizard · talk
Hi Hstar ^.^ Nice to talk to you. I was just going to ask why you decided to give Latiasfan001 the chat mod rights again. I thought Crimson was going to give them to the user since the user was on hiatus. I am just asking :) Technology Wizard · talk
hey! dont you think Suicune is epic?
Just RandomSo as you know.....
Pokemon Specials
Hey Hstar! i wanted to ask that where can i watch the Pokemon special episodes- "Dawn's new journey" and that episode in which brock comes with the photo of all his travelling companions? I want to see those episodes. The link which you have posted dont have those episodes-
Could you please delete this spam article? Cheers, The Latias Fan 16:46, September 7, 2011 (UTC)
Okay thanks!MazNator 18:11, September 9, 2011 (UTC)
Hey Hstar! Hi! I have a question...could you please answer it? What I want to know is how to get a personalized signature. Could you tell me? Thanks!
Pinklilac 11:37, September 10, 2011 (UTC)
Re:How long....
How long has it been XD So how's it been? (That reminds me....what about the anime also?) --♪AdventureWriter28♪ ♪(Fortissimo|Maestro)♪ 06:02, September 30, 2011 (UTC)
We gotta talk.
Ok. Hi.
First of all, I may need you to archive my talk page again it's getting crowded. Second, when can you start writing detaied episode plots for the rest of the IL Pokémon episodes. Is now a bad time? Please respond
Signed, Winxfan1. I am the ultimate fan of Winx Club 00:41, October 18, 2011 (UTC)
Oh, sorry. Thanks for archiving my talk page.
I just write short ones with suspenseful endings. I'll look for a pro. Thanks for being on today.
Signed, Winxfan1. I am the ultimate fan of Winx Club 17:27, October 23, 2011 (UTC)
did you ban me from the the wikis chat?Dont block me 17:39, October 23, 2011 (UTC)
It's a honor to be on your friends list :) --Station7 22:30, October 23, 2011 (UTC)
Cinnamon says goodbye
I just got a message from Cinnamon. Here:
Winxfan1 I'm really sorry that it took me awhile to write this, but I can't be a part of Pokemon Wiki anymore. I have been very busy and writing the episode plots for every episode was very stressful for me. I had such a hard time finding time to write them and now I have almost have no time to be on a computer. I'm very sorry and sad that I let down you, Hstar, and the rest of Project anime. I haven't written in a while because I didn't know how to say goodbye. Once again I'm sorry and I wish you all good luck with Project Anime. Cinnamon 115 20:17, October 24, 2011 (UTC)
I just gave her a fond farewell. I suggest, you do the same too. Just something to think about.
Signed, Winxfan1. I am the ultimate fan of Winx Club 22:44, October 24, 2011 (UTC)
Cinnamon's replacement.
I think I may have found Cinnamon's replacement.
I think User:Jirachiwish would make a great Synopsis writer. You should see his work for the synopsis of TB052: Princess vs. Princess.
Please give it some thought and get back to me as soon as you can about this.
Thanks. Signed, Winxfan1. I am the ultimate fan of Winx Club 11:35, October 27, 2011 (UTC)
Gym Leader episodes completed
I am pleased to report I have completed the Gym Leader episodes of the Hoenn and Sinnoh sagas. from Roxanne to Volkner. My wish is that you go over them and tell me what you think.
Signed, Winxfan1. I am the ultimate fan of Winx Club 02:59, November 1, 2011 (UTC)
Thanks for your opinion on this.
Sorry I haven't been on, but I get by. I was at my grandmother's appartment for the weekend. BTW, Her birthday was Thursday November 10, We had a special celebration. You'll laugh at me for this but, near the end of her slide presentation, I cried. Wussy me huh?
But I had to keep up my edits via my Nintendo 3DS. I had internet access which was cool.
Anyway, I can't wait to get back to work soon. I had JE043 all ready to go.
BTW, You never told me about JirachiWish being Cinnamon's replacement. How about next week he could work on the IL*** episode Synopses. We should make a checklist and for every season he finished we mark it off. I can work on the Johto Gym Leader episodes now. Thanks so much. I did have to re-tweak Mastering Current Events since the video wasn't there anymore.
A little warning, if you happen to see a new BW episode article next Thursday that will be me doing it since we have to keep this wiki up to date on BW episodes.
Hope this gets through.
Signed, Winxfan1. I am the ultimate fan of Winx Club 01:45, November 14, 2011 (UTC)
Update: I just finished JE043, I'll get someone to delete this redirect link:
Otherwise we won't be able to rename it.
Signed, Winxfan1. I am the ultimate fan of Winx Club 03:17, November 14, 2011 (UTC)
Thanks. And I just finished JE044: Air Time! And JE045: The Bug Stops Here.
Signed, Winxfan1. I am the ultimate fan of Winx Club 04:06, November 14, 2011 (UTC)
Today's Episode
I just finished JE046: Type Casting, and did a little work on JE097. There's just one last thing I need to take care of.
Signed, Winxfan1. I am the ultimate fan of Winx Club 13:14, November 14, 2011 (UTC)
I just finished what needed to be done and I finished JE047: Fossil Fools. Feels good to be doing this again.
Signed, Winxfan1. I am the ultimate fan of Winx Club 19:34, November 14, 2011 (UTC)
JE048 has been completed and That will be the last episode of the day for me.
Signed, Winxfan1. I am the ultimate fan of Winx Club 00:08, November 15, 2011 (UTC)
Day 3
I just finished JE049, and this after noon I'll have JE050 and this evening JE051.
Sorry to bother you like this.
Tomorrow is JE052, JE053 and JE054, Thursday will be JE055, JE056, JE057 and BW058, Friday will be JE058, JE059 and JE060 and Saturday will be JE061, JE062 and JE063. And from Sunday November 20 to Saturday November 26 will be nothing but fixing up. No new episode articles, well except for BW059.
This is my list and I'll stick to it. Thanks for listening.
Signed, Winxfan1. I am the ultimate fan of Winx Club 14:04, November 15, 2011 (UTC)
Might have a delay
We might have a problem:
According to other sites This week's episode, BW058, might air next week. There fore every episode might be bumped a week. Just wanted to give you a heads up.
Signed, Winxfan1. I am the ultimate fan of Winx Club 03:58, November 17, 2011 (UTC)
I finished every episoe that was on my list. After today we do not make any new episodes until Sunday November 27th. Till then, we just edit the ones we've done so far. I have to say it felt good doing this again. I wonder where Jirachiwish is. Anyway Just wanted to let you know that. Oh and if you happen to see an episode article on Thursday, that would be me updating the BW guide.
Signed, Winxfan1. I am the ultimate fan of Winx Club 00:35, November 20, 2011 (UTC)
Actually, I believe I sent you a message about this but you never replied. And he's better than I am at writing Synopses. I just write short ones without giving too much away. Anyway he wanted somtghing to do and I gave him the job. I thought that with Cinnamon gone he could take her place, since she has retired and all.
So, how are things with you? I kept things in order while you were gone. And I managed to do a few episode articles. I already finished the JE064 article but, as per your rule, I'll wait till Sunday to post it, since this week is editing week and there'll be no new articles this week, well except for BW058 since the episode was delayed.
Anyway nice to hear from you. Hope all goes well with your exams.
Signed, Winxfan1. I am the ultimate fan of Winx Club 18:12, November 21, 2011 (UTC)
I'm back!
Thanks for the welcome Specialbeamkamehameha 01:18, December 29, 2011 (UTC)
Hi Hstar!
I want to tell you that in the Wiki Navigation, Dawn is missing in Characters. Could you please fix that? -Pinklilac 07:58, December 29, 2011 (UTC)
Hi Hstar...thanks for the reply. But you still haven't fixed the wiki navigation...could you please do that? Thanks! And, how did you know I like Narnia?...My avatar I suppose! -Pinklilac 13:02, January 3, 2012 (UTC)
Happy New Year
Well Hi and Happy New Year.
All Season 4 articles are almost done. Just 16 more to go. And Ash's Gym Battle with Clay is this week I won't forget to cover that.
It was cool what you did for Cinnamon. I hope you're going over the Season 4 episode articles. I liked JE071 the most so far.
I'm still behind Crimson on the leaderboard. I just hope luck will favor me soon.
Sorry if all this sounds off-topic. So much to talk about in so little time you know.
Well, here's to the new year.
Signed, Winxfan1. I am the ultimate fan of Winx Club 19:46, January 2, 2012 (UTC)
When it's your turn.
Excuse me. I was just wondering something.
When it's your turn to leave Pokémon Wikia, who will be your successor?
Signed, Winxfan1. I am the ultimate fan of Winx Club 12:17, January 22, 2012 (UTC)
Season 4 complete!
I'm just here to report that all the episode articles of Pokémon: Johto League Champions are done. Next will be Master Quest, but that'll have to wait till the week of February 5th, 2012, and I'll work on the rest of the 13-part whirl island arc articles. Hope to hear from you soon.
Signed, Winxfan1. I am the ultimate fan of Winx Club 00:29, January 29, 2012 (UTC)
Moving along swimmingly
If you're there I'm here to tell you the Original Series articles are at least 84% done and the plots for season 1 are near finished. Jirachiwish just completed the plots from IL060-IL066, and in just three days. Looks like everything is coming along swimmingly.
Just wanted to give you a heads up.
Signed, Winxfan1. I am the ultimate fan of Winx Club 10:57, March 10, 2012 (UTC)
Project Anime
May I join Project Anime? I do not mind what position I get. If I am not able to could you tell me which other Project I should join. Yugimuto1 16:25, April 30, 2012 (UTC)
Hello Hstar! I'm a new user on this wiki but old fan of Pokemon. So um I was wondering if you have read the newest news on [this site] because It has some intesting news on Pokemon Black 2 white 2. Message me back!
P.S. Oh is it manditory to have Count the stars - Shao 00:36, May 16, 2012 (UTC) as the signature used or can I use Count the stars - Shao ?
I have a twitter, we could talk on there. --Evanf (Talk) 19:55, June 30, 2012 (UTC)
@JFrancis32 I don't use it very much, but we could chat. --Evanf (Talk) 19:59, June 30, 2012 (UTC)
Hurry come to chat!!!
All the Original Episode Articles are finished.
I have a new batch ready for next week, that is, if I get to it.
Signed, Winxfan1. I am the ultimate fan of Winx Club 20:54, July 1, 2012 (UTC)
Hey, there's a problem from Rotom. It's the Pronounciation. Can you fix it? Here's the link: http://pokemon.wikia.com/wiki/Rotom
Job, The Greatest Player in the World! 11:57, July 6, 2012 (UTC) A_job09 is at your service!
Diamond and Pearl (song)
I noticed on the Diamond and Pearl series, that on the song part of the episode template, Diamond and Pearl often links to the game. I fixed a few, but they all need to be fixed. Yugimuto1 Talk 334 edits 11:36,7/8/2012
I say fix it on each individual page, not the template, because the template is used on all episodes, not just Diamond and Pearl. How come Project Anime Members can make only 2 episodes a day and lets say this week is making anime pages week, next week it is not. Why is this so? The template you said to leave as a message, no one is putting the template on new users talk pages. Sorry if I sound confusing. Yugimuto1 Talk 334 edits 10:40,7/13/2012
Project Anime
Hi, I was just wondering if I could join Project Anime?
Thanks Rainbow Shifter (talk) 20:28, August 25, 2012 (UTC)
Wikia Gaming Alliance
|The Pokémon Wiki is formally invited to join the Wikia Gaming Alliance.
|The Wikia Gaming Alliance (WGA) is an alliance created by wikis hosted on Wikia. It is an alliance where each wiki helps each other out when help is needed. It also helps to connect the gaming wikis of Wikia to create an easier experience for readers.Wikis in the WGA will:
If the Pokémon Wiki is interested in joining the Wikia Gaming Alliance, then an admin should post a topic for the wiki (here) and include a filled out registration form, which is located here.
For more information on the Wikia Gaming Alliance, please check out the Wikia Gaming Alliance's website.
Hello, I have seen you editing on Wikia recently, and I was wondering if you could come back to edit here. Energy X 22:31, July 8, 2013 (UTC)
I will like to join Project ANIMENastuDragneel6 (talk) 17:07, November 5, 2015 (UTC)


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It's Easy to Add Fruits and Vegetables to Your Diet
Eating lots of fruits and vegetables can help reduce your cancer risk. That's one reason the American Cancer Society recommends eating at least 2½ cups of these foods every day. These foods contain important vitamins, minerals, phytochemicals, and antioxidants and they're usually low in calories. In general, those with the most color – dark green, red, yellow, and orange – have the most nutrients. Try to work in a variety of fruits and vegetables every day.
Trying to visualize ½ cup? A half cup of vegetables or fruit is about half the size of a baseball. Of course, the best way to know for sure is to use a measuring cup.
Eating at least 2½ cups of vegetables and fruits each day may not be that hard to do when you add these up during your day:
If you usually have cereal, slice a medium or half a large banana on top. For an alternative to cereal, pour half a cup of frozen berries into a cup of plain low-fat yogurt. Slice a banana on top or eat it on the run. Prefer something more savory than sweet in the morning? Add spinach and tomato to your morning omelet, or keep sliced red, orange, and yellow peppers and hard boiled eggs, or individual cottage cheese cups in the fridge. With more than 1 cup taken care of at breakfast, you're on your way.
Mid-morning snack
Snack time is a great time to work in more fruits or vegetables. A single-serving container of applesauce, 5 or 6 baby carrots, or a small orange will add another ½ cup. It's only the middle of your morning, and you're more than half way there!
When you need a quick lunch, try a pita sandwich or wrap loaded with vegetables, or a cup of hearty vegetable soup. Either of these gives you at least half a cup – some will give you a whole cup. Add a small side salad with low-fat dressing, and your count just jumped to more than 2 cups for the day so far.
Even if you only have a few minutes, dinner veggies are easy. Heat canned or frozen veggies (without added salt or sauces) in the microwave for a quick side dish. Microwave a sweet potato and add a teaspoon of butter, a splash of apple juice or squeeze of lemon, and a light sprinkling of cinnamon and brown sugar. Any one of these will add another cup-size vegetable serving to your day, and now you're getting more than the minimum recommendation!
Savor a frozen treat made from 100% juice or put ½ cup of melon slices, peaches, or other favorite fruit on a toasted whole-grain waffle and you've added even more healthy fruits to your day. A splash of maple syrup can add extra flavor.
Other tips to help you reach your goal:
- At each meal, fill at least half your plate with fruits and vegetables
- Layer lettuce, tomatoes, beans, onions, and other vegetables on sandwiches and wraps
- Add tomato sauce and extra vegetables to pastas and vegetable soups
- Choose a vegetarian dish when eating out
- Challenge yourself to try new vegetables from the produce aisle, frozen foods section, or your local farmer's market
- Keep dried fruits in your desk drawer and glove compartment (but watch the sugar content!)
- Keep a bowl full of fresh veggies and fruits on your kitchen counter for quick snacking
- If you're short on time, look for pre-washed, pre-cut vegetables, such as baby carrots and broccoli florets, at the grocery store
More menu ideas and recipes are available on our website and by calling 1-800-227-2345. You can also find lots of helpful tips at the Fruits and Veggies – More Matters website.
Last Medical Review: August 25, 2017 Last Revised: August 25, 2017
American Cancer Society medical information is copyrighted material. For reprint requests, please see our Content Usage Policy.


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D-sub connector dust caps are anti-static dust covers used for preventing static, physical and chemical damage to unconnected D-sub connectors – a type of electrical connector that's usually used in computer systems.
Types of D-sub connector dust caps
D-sub connector dust caps are usually made with nickel coating or from carbon for durability and high-quality performance. They're simple to use – you simply push fit them onto the unconnected port. You can also choose an option that can be fixed to the wall for ease of use.
There are two main types of D-sub connector dust caps:
- Female D-sub connector dust caps – these protect the part of the D-sub connector that has socket contacts (the female connectors)
- Male D-sub connector dust caps – these protect the part of the D-sub connector that has pin contacts (the male connectors).
Why it's important to use a D-sub connector dust cap
Dust caps are important because they provide protection from moisture and dust for unused ports.


text: The free local entertainment calender. Looking for something to do in Humboldt County this is the place to check! Find a large number of events going on, listed here every day. If you are planning an event and want to get the word out this is the place to list it. The events are in order from the time they start, so check every day to see what else is going on in Humboldt County, California!


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So check her full itinerary here and follow her around!
Louisa around the web:
* Are you a chick flicks or a Romance movie girl?
Jessie Price has lost her only chance at motherhood – it's a constant hurt, until she meets sinfully sexy single dad Dr Luke McKenzie and his gorgeous little girl. Luke's intoxicating kisses and his daughter's adoring hugs have Jessie longing for the impossible. But she's a temporary locum, the clock's ticking – and there's only a month to make all her wishes come true…


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The annual CE Carry-in Dinner is scheduled for 11-? on Saturday, October 13 at the Farber Community Building. Meat and drinks furnished.
Van-Far PTO will host a scholastic book fair the week of October 22-26.
• Monday, October 22 from 12:30-4 p.m., open to the public (visitors need to check in at the office)
• Thursday, October 25: Family Reading Night from 5:30-8 p.m.
Students will also be able to visit the scholastic book fair at Van-Far during school hours.
Ben Salmon Christmas Display
Open nightly, drive-thru display with music!
We will once again hold a Holiday Stop and Shop with 20 direct sales vendors and handmade items plus foods.
Auction and Fish Fry
By the time you're reading this editorial, our current reporter John McLaughlin will have worked his final day at The Vandalia Leader as he has accepted a job at a daily newspaper in South Dakota.
I want to publicly thank John for all of his hard work during his tenure at the newspaper.
I believe our readers enjoyed his coverage, especially when it came to stories on agriculture. He has a unique ability to handle complicated stories and make them easy for the reader to comprehend.
This means you will see me at games and other events until The Vandalia Leader hires a replacement.
In the meantime, please feel free to submit ideas, photos, or stories to firstname.lastname@example.com and I'll work to ensure they are published.
If you see John before he leaves town, please take the time to wish him the best of luck in his future endeavors. He will be missed.
North Korea
With warships heading to the Korean region and military exercises taking place in both North and South Korea, it appears imminent that a war will begin very soon. North Korea's leader Kim Jong Un has been pushing propaganda to his people for some time that he is capable of leading his nation to a victory over the United States. He's even showed videos showing the destruction of major U.S. cities to display his nation's potential power under his leadership.
As he's done a lot of talking, at some point, he's going to need to act to show he means business.
While China has also shown displeasure recently with North Korea due to nuclear tests, this doesn't mean China will be an ally if war breaks out in the region. In reality, their becoming an ally would actually go against a treaty the nation has with North Korea.
The Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) currently has a "long-standing defense treaty" with North Korea, obligating China to defend North Korea in the event it is attacked.
This is why unfortunately the U.S. and South Korea might have no choice but to wait for North Korea to fire the first shot and hope China gives its support of a retaliation mission.
If that doesn't happen, things could get ugly real quick. I encourage all readers to be spending some times on their knees praying about this situation.
The Van-Far R-I School District, with the help of Storch Ford, will be hosting a fundraiser from 9 a.m.-3 p.m. Saturday, April 6, at the high school parking lot.
Proceeds of the test-drive event will go to the district's girls basketball team, helping fund summer shootouts and the purchase of new equipment.
The Ralls County 4-H Fundraiser Dinner will be held from 11 a.m. to 1:30 p.m. Sunday, April 7, at the MTHS cafeteria.
Pork chops, baked potatoes, cole law, green beans, bread, drinks, and desert will be served.
The cost to attend is $9 at the door for adults and $6 at the door for kids. Call 573-985-3911 with questions.
The Vandalia Neighborhood Watch Group will meet at 6:30 p.m. on Tuesday, April 9, 2013, in the meeting room of the Vandalia Road District along Audrain Road 565. All residents living south and west of Vandalia are invited to attend the meeting.
The annual VFTA Carnival will be held from 5-8 p.m. on Friday, April 12.
The event includes a silent auction, pizza and hot dogs, games, and prizes.
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There's plenty of reason for excitement in Edmonton—the Oilers have been terrible for long enough to build a young core unlike hockey's ever seen. Along with 22-year-old budding star Jordan Eberle, 2010 first-overall pick Taylor Hall, and 2011 first-overall pick Ryan Nugent-Hopkins, the Oilers have two more super-rookies taking the ice this year: 2012 first-overall pick Nail Yakupov and defenseman Justin Schultz, who went to college rather than sign with Anaheim in 2008. The "suck for a few years" strategy worked for the Penguins, and now it's Edmonton's turn.
This video, presumably taken at one of the Oilers' open practices this week, shows Yakupov (in the dark jersey) and Schultz retrieving pucks after a skate. Naturally it turns into a competition, to see who can dump the puck through the barely puck-sized hole just under the lip of the crate. Advantage Yakupov.
h/t Jim


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Why Vouchers?
Yesterday a universal voucher bill heavily promoted by state Sen. Eric Johnson died in the Georgia legislature.
I can't understand why anyone continues to push for a brand‐new voucher program when they already have a universal education tax credit.
Tax credits are more popular and pose less of a threat to private schools and homeschoolers than vouchers, and Georgia already has a tax credit program. All they need to do is lift the cap on available tax credits, which is set at $50 million.
School choice programs actually save money — billions of dollars in fact — so there is no sense in capping the program, especially during an economic downturn.
And there is no sense in pushing for a new, inferior policy when you can focus your efforts on increasing funding for an existing law.