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|Working Group I: The Scientific Basis
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18.104.22.168 Scenarios from simple climate models
Simple climate models are simplified global models that attempt to reproduce the large-scale behaviour of AOGCMs (see Chapter 9). While they are seldom able to represent the non-linearities of some processes that are captured by more complex models, they have the advantage that multiple simulations can be conducted very rapidly, enabling an exploration of the climatic effects of alternative scenarios of radiative forcing, climate sensitivity and other parametrized uncertainties (IPCC, 1997). Outputs from these models have been used in conjunction with GCM information to develop scenarios using pattern-scaling techniques (see Section 13.5). They have also been used to construct regional greenhouse gas stabilisation scenarios (e.g., Gyalistras and Fischlin, 1995). Simple climate models are used in climate scenario generators (see Section 13.5.2) and in some integrated assessment models (see Section 13.6).13.2.4 Other Types of Scenarios
Three additional types of climate scenarios have also been adopted in impact studies. The first type involves extrapolating ongoing trends in climate that have been observed in some regions and that appear to be consistent with model-based projections of climate change (e.g., Jones et al., 1999). There are obvious dangers in relying on extrapolated trends, and especially in assuming that recent trends are due to anthropogenic forcing rather than natural variability (see Chapters 2 and 12). However, if current trends in climate are pointing strongly in one direction, it may be difficult to defend the credibility of scenarios that posit a trend in the opposite direction, especially over a short projection period.
A second type of scenario, which has some resemblance to the first, uses empirical relationships between regional climate and global mean temperature from the instrumental record to extrapolate future regional climate on the basis of projected global or hemispheric mean temperature change (e.g. Vinnikov and Groisman, 1979; Anisimov and Poljakov, 1999). Again, this method relies on the assumption that past relationships between local and broad-scale climate are also applicable to future conditions.
A third type of scenario is based on expert judgement, whereby estimates of future climate change are solicited from climate scientists, and the results are sampled to obtain probability density functions of future change (NDU, 1978; Morgan and Keith, 1995; Titus and Narayanan, 1996; Kuikka and Varis, 1997; Tol and de Vos, 1998). The main criticism of expert judgement is its inherent subjectivity, including problems of the representativeness of the scientists sampled and likely biases in questionnaire design and analysis of the responses (Stewart and Glantz, 1985). Nevertheless, since uncertainties in estimates of future climate are inevitable, any moves towards expressing future climate in probabilistic terms will necessarily embrace some elements of subjective judgement (see Section 13.5).
Other reports in this collection


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What is TEFAP?
TEFAP is a federal program that provides food commodities to distribution sites. Food pantries and prepared meal sites receive commodities and they are distributed with other foods.
If you need food assistance, you may be eligible to receive food from food pantries, or prepared meals at meal sites.
TEFAP is not the same as the nutrition program called FoodShare Wisconsin (formerly known as Food Stamps).
The FoodShare Wisconsin website explains how to get FoodShare benefits. There is a separate page showing FoodShare contacts for Milwaukee County.
Who should I contact in my county?
For information about food assistance, contact the TEFAP provider in your county.
Who is eligible?
You are eligible if your gross household income does not exceed 185% of the poverty level. Check the eligibility and income guidelines for more information.
What are food pantries and free meal programs?
Food pantries are places where people can receive food assistance at no cost for home preparation.
Free meal programs, such as those provided at prepared meal sites, are places where people can receive prepared meals at no cost.
What types of food are available?
The groceries provided usually include a variety of canned vegetables and fruits, pasta, beans, rice and/or grain products. The protein items may include canned salmon, tuna, peanut butter, and occasionally chicken or meat.
The food assistance is intended to be a supplement. Supplies and amounts vary; typically the foods will provide groceries for a period of 3-5 days.
What do I need to bring to get the food?
You should bring identification and proof of residence, such as a utility bill. You should expect to complete a brief eligibility application when you pick up the food.
Contact the State TEFAP Office at 608-267-9071.

subset: commoncrawl


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Dräger X-act 5000 Automatic Tube Pump: Battery Packs
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GovAgriBus DenmarkIn this collection we publish the Danish agricultural data sets integrated with the central company registry (CVR) data and make it available to the public via SPARQL endpoint....
FOODpedia - Linked Data Dataset about Food Products and IngredientsAt this moment FOODpedia contains information about only Russian food products and ingredients that was crawled from GoodsMatrix web site. Also it has links to ingredients from...
Europeana Linked Open DataAll Europeana datasets can be explored, accessed and downloaded through the Europeana API at http://labs.europeana.eu. The data is represented in the Europeana Data Model (EDM)....
Europeana Linked Open Data V1.0data.europeana.eu started as an experimental pilot in February 2012 with a small number of data providers who committed at an early stage to Europeana's initiative of promoting...
ChEMBL-RDF (@ Uppsala University)RDF version of the CC-SA-BY ChEMBL database by the team of John Overington at the EBI, Hinxton/UK (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/).
IEEE Papers (RKBExplorer)
This dataset has no description
LinkedLCCNA wrapper for the Library of Congress' LCCN Permalink service which models the MARCXML output as linked data in RDF.
U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission Corporate Ownership RDF Data (rdfabout)Data exposed: corporate ownership Size of dump and data set: 1.8 million triples Notes: also found in the of SPARQL Endpoints
Pokedex data in RDFDescription Linked data on all Pokemon in the Pokedex Note this dataset is no longer updated, it was taken off-line during the shutdown of Kasabi. A dump of the dataset has been...
DBTune.org John Peel sessions RDF serverRDF conversion of a dataset released by the BBC, about the John Peel sessions, a long-lived series of live music performances on BBC Radio 1, hosted by DJ John Peel.
World Factbook (FU Berlin)A partial RDF conversion of the CIA World Factbook, package:cia-world-factbook.
CiteSeer (Research Index) (RKBExplorer)
This dataset has no description
Budapest University of Technology and Economics (RKBExplorer)Linked Data version of the data supplied from Budapest University of Technology and Economics.
Web NDL Authorities - National Diet Library of JapanName authorities and subject headings of Japan's National Library are provided as Linked Data. Each record is described with such vocabularies as SKOS, SKOS-XL, DC and RDA...
Bio2RDF::InterproInterPro is an integrated database of predictive protein 'signatures' used for the classification and automatic annotation of proteins and genomes. InterPro classifies sequences...
DEPLOY (RKBExplorer)
This dataset has no description
RISKS Digest (RKBExplorer)
This dataset has no description
Fishes of TexasThe Fishes of Texas Project is a multi-year research project that attempts to consolidate, standardize and fully georeference all of the known scientific information on the...
Norsk inndeling av vitenskapsdisiplinerNorwegian classification of scientific disciplines as linked data (2003 edition).
St. Andrews University Resource ListsSearch for lists, modules & courses Browse hierarchy | Recent changes


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A Sandwich a Day: Goat Cheese and Beets at Valley Shepherd
A new sandwich every day.
In this great city of ours, one could eat a different sandwich every day of the year—so that's what we'll do. Here's A Sandwich a Day, our daily look at sandwiches around New York. Got a sandwich we should check out? Let us know. —The Mgmt.
What the Goat Cheese and Beet sandwich ($8.50) from Valley Shepherd Creamery lacks in meat, it makes up for in heft and flavor. There's a heavy smear of goat cheese that's made at the store's farm in Long Valley, New Jersey, and the Park Slope shop gets their pickled beets from just a few avenues over at Brooklyn Brine. They're tender and earthy, with just a subtle vinegary bite; wild arugula adds more. A soft, chewy roll from Grandaisy holds it all together.
Yes, there are caramelized walnuts, too, and even a raspberry vinaigrette. But if we are still to have beet and goat cheese sandwiches, let them be as good as this one.
Valley Shepherd Creamery
211 7th Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11215 (map)
All products linked here have been independently selected by our editors. We may earn a commission on purchases, as described in our affiliate policy.


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Resurrection of the Daleks was the fourth serial of season 21 of Doctor Who. It was the final regular appearance of Janet Fielding as Tegan Jovanka, who left the Fifth Doctor for the second time. It also marked the return of Davros and the Daleks after their last appearance in Destiny of the Daleks. Lytton makes his debut and, strangely for villains of the time, survives with no ill effects.
Notably, this story was separated into two 45-minute episodes in place of the usual four 25-minute ones, a format that would temporarily become the norm during Season 22; the 45-minute length eventually became the established episode length for the series following its revival in 2005.
Synopsis Edit
Captured in a time corridor, the Doctor and his companions are forced to land on 20th century Earth, diverted by the Doctor's oldest enemy - the Daleks. It is here the true purpose of the time corridor becomes apparent: after ninety years of imprisonment, Davros, the ruthless creator of the Daleks, is to be liberated to assist in the resurrection of his army.
Not even the Daleks foresee the poisonous threat of their creator. Indeed, who would suspect Davros of wanting to destroy his own Daleks - and why?
Only the Doctor knows the truth. Will he descend to Davros' level of evil to stop him?
Plot Edit
Part one Edit
A group of futuristic humanoids are running down Shad Thames in 1984. As they attempt to escape, they are gunned down by two policemen led by Commander Lytton in the uniform of an inspector. Two of the humanoids, Galloway and Quartermaster Sergeant Stien, escape into the adjacent wharf where a time corridor is situated. Galloway is killed, leaving Stien alone. Lytton transports back to his battle cruiser and prepares to attack a prison space station. Its only prisoner is Davros, the creator of the Daleks.
Meanwhile, the Doctor, Tegan and Turlough are being dragged down a time corridor in the Doctor's TARDIS, following on from the events at the end of Frontios. They land in an apparently disused part of London.
The Dalek Empire attacked the prison station and tries a direct frontal assault on the outside of the station airlock with poor results. The station crew, led by Dr Styles and Lt. Mercer, fight back in force. Lytton persuades the Dalek Supreme to use poisonous gas to dispose of the crew. This proves a success and the Daleks have little trouble taking over the station. Following orders, Watch Officer Osborn tries to destroy Davros, first with a non-functional automated system, then in person. However, Lytton and an engineer break into the cell and kill Osborn before she can complete her mission. Then they release Davros from his cryogenic imprisonment.
The Doctor and his friends have by now met a traumatised Stien. He joins them in returning to the warehouse to hunt for the time corridor, but Turlough is suddenly discovered to have vanished. They meet a military bomb disposal squad, led by Colonel Archer, who were called in after builders uncovered what they believed unexploded bombs. While the others were distracted, Turlough had stumbled into the time corridor and ends up on the Dalek ship.
Having learned the Doctor is in the warehouse, the Supreme Dalek dispatches a Dalek to detain him. The Dalek travels through the time corridor and appears in the warehouse. The Doctor yells at everyone to take cover as it prepares to exterminate them.
The Dalek kills several men before the Doctor gets them to focus their fire on its eyestalk, blinding it. In the struggle, Tegan is hit by the Dalek's sucker arm, but the others push the Dalek out of the loading bay doors, whereupon it hits the ground and explodes. Tegan has suffered a head injury and blacks out. On the prison station, only Styles, Mercer and two guards are left alive of the original crew. Disguised in uniforms taken from Lytton's guards, they plan to blow up the station with its self-destruct system.
Davros explains to Lytton that his cryogenic sentence lasted for "ninety years of mind-numbing boredom." He vows revenge on "that meddling Time Lord," the Doctor. Lytton insists he is in their grasp. While Davros' travel chair is undergoing maintenance by the engineer Kiston, Lytton explains the Daleks lost their war against the Movellans due to the development of a virus that specifically attacks Dalek tissue. They have woken Davros to find a cure. Despite Lytton's reservations, Davros demands he remain on the prison station while working on the virus. It may be necessary for him to be refrozen. When Lytton leaves to discuss this with the Supreme Dalek, Davros uses a hypodermic-like mind control device to take control of Kiston.
Meanwhile, the Doctor and the members of the bomb disposal squad have brought the remnants of the wrecked Dalek back inside. They search for the Kaled mutant inside. They find and kill it after it wounds one of the squad's men. The squad's scientific advisor, Professor Laird, looks after the victim and a recovering Tegan. Colonel Archer decides to radio his H.Q. for reinforcements, although his own radio is dead. Leaving the Doctor his gun-belt in case any more Daleks arrive, Archer leaves to find a telephone. Archer finds a telephone box, but the phone has been vandalised. Stepping outside, Archer finds two policemen and asks one of the officers if he can use his radio to call for assistance. The policeman silently obliges, but when Archer tries the radio, it doesn't work. The other policeman then holds a gun to Archer's head.
The Doctor and Stien head into the TARDIS to find out what is happening at the other end of the time corridor.
On Earth, the soldier attacked by the Dalek mutant behaves very strangely, wandering away, mumbling nonsense, and running upstairs. Sergeant Calder follows the soldier but finds himself confronted by four Daleks. Tegan and Laird hear the sound of gunfire upstairs and try to leave the warehouse — only to be caught by Archer, Calder and the soldiers. Archer tells them the warehouse is now under martial law and he will have them shot if they try to leave. Out of the soldiers' earshot, Tegan mentions to Laird that's not the real Archer, as the Colonel gave the Doctor his gun-belt and yet he's wearing one.
The TARDIS materialises inside the Dalek ship and narrowly avoids being captured. The Doctor tells Stien they should find Turlough and make a swift exit. Stien points his own weapon at the Doctor, revealing himself an agent of the Daleks...
Part two Edit
A squadron of Daleks close in to exterminate the Doctor, but Lytton enters and tells them the Supreme Dalek has ordered the Doctor is not to be killed — yet. The Daleks confirm this and lead the Doctor away. On the prison station, Turlough joins forces with the remnants of the crew. He tells them of the time corridor to escape the station's self-destruction.
The Daleks reveal their plan of cloning the Doctor and his companions and using the clones to assassinate the High Council of Time Lords on Gallifrey. Stien begins the mind-copying sequence while the Doctor tries to talk him into resisting his Dalek mind conditioning. Styles and the two station guards are killed while trying to activate the station's self-destruct system.
Back on Earth, Tegan tries to escape by running east down the Thames Path, pursued by Lytton's "policemen", and shouts for help to a man with a metal-detector down on the mud banks. But the man has his back to Tegan and is wearing headphones so he can't hear her. The "policemen" recapture Tegan, and then one of them callously shoots the man — even though he saw and heard nothing. Back at the warehouse, Archer orders the soldiers to put the women into the time corridor, but Laird panics and runs; the soldiers open fire and kill her. Tegan is taken through the time corridor to the Dalek ship.
Meanwhile, in the duplication chamber, Stien is overcome by confusion. The Doctor has realised Stien's conditioning is unstable. He challenges his ability to think for himself. As the mind-copying sequence nears completion, Stien breaks his conditioning and stops the process, freeing the Doctor.
The Doctor finds Turlough and Tegan. They return to the TARDIS with Stien and the last surviving station crew member. Rather than depart, the Doctor decides he must destroy Davros once and for all. With Stien and Lt. Mercer he heads to the station lab. He leaves Tegan and Turlough in the TARDIS, which he has secretly programmed to return them to the warehouse on time delay. In the lab, Davros has heard the Doctor has been taken prisoner by the Daleks. He announces that once the Doctor has been exterminated, he will build a new race of Daleks which shall be even more deadly. They shall again become the supreme beings.
The Doctor confronts Davros in the lab. His chance to kill him is lost when Stien's conditioning reasserts itself long enough to let Lytton's troops kill Lt. Mercer. Horrified by his actions, Stien refuses to accompany the Doctor back to the time corridor. He runs off into the station.
Davros' army (a biochemist, Kiston, a soldier, and two Daleks) is growing. He dispatches his newly Imperial Daleks and loyal troopers to Earth. Anticipating resistance from the now Renegade Daleks led by the Supreme Dalek. Davros opens a capsule of the Movellan virus. Two Daleks enter to exterminate him but are killed by the virus.
Back at the warehouse, a battle rages between Davros' new loyal Daleks and the Supreme Dalek Daleks. The TARDIS arrives and the Doctor returns through the time corridor. He now knows the "unexploded bombs" discovered earlier are canisters of the Movellan virus. He opens a canister that Turlough and Tegan have brought into the TARDIS. He places it behind the Daleks, who all start to die.
Lytton has escaped. He gleefully watches the Daleks' demise. He swaps his Dalek uniform for that of a policeman and joins his two fellow "bobbies" on their next vigil. Back on the space station with the Imperial Daleks defeated, Davros prepares an escape pod to flee from the station, but the Movellan virus attacks and seems to kill him.
Back on Earth, Daleks from both factions are dead. Tegan is appalled at the deaths. The Dalek Supreme appears on the TARDIS scanner and threatens the Doctor, claiming the Daleks have duplicates of prominent humans all over Earth which makes it just a matter of time before Earth falls.
Meanwhile, a wounded Stien tries to activate the self-destruct sequence. Just as he is about to finish, the Renegade Daleks enter and exterminate him. Although dying, he manages to complete the sequence, destroying the station and the Dalek ship.
The Doctor calls for them all to leave, but Tegan refuses. This has been one massacre too many. She no longer enjoys her adventures and wants to give it up, so she says a brief goodbye to the Doctor and Turlough before running off. The Doctor sadly remarks that he originally left Gallifrey for much the same reason that Tegan has just left him; he had tired of the nature of their lives and notes that he should try and mend his ways. With that, the Doctor and Turlough return to the TARDIS and as it vanishes, Tegan runs back, remembering the Doctor's old admonishment: "Brave heart, Tegan." She calls out to the empty air that, despite everything, she will miss him.
Cast Edit
- The Doctor - Peter Davison
- Tegan Jovanka - Janet Fielding
- Turlough - Mark Strickson
- Davros - Terry Molloy
- Stien - Rodney Bewes
- Lytton - Maurice Colbourne
- Styles - Rula Lenska
- Colonel Archer - Del Henney
- Professor Laird - Chloe Ashcroft
- Sergeant Calder - Philip McGough
- Mercer - Jim Findley
- Osborn - Sneh Gupta
- Trooper - Roger Davenport
- Crewmember - John Adam Baker
- Crewmember - Linsey Turner
- Galloway - William Sleigh
- Dalek Voices - Brian Miller, Royce Mills
- Dalek Operators - John Scott Martin, Cy Town, Tony Starr, Toby Byrne
- Kiston - Leslie Grantham (as Les Grantham)
Crew Edit
- Assistant Floor Manager - Matthew Burge
- Camera Supervisor - Alec Wheal
- Costumes - Janet Tharby
- Designer - John Anderson
- Film Cameraman - Ian Punter
- Film Editor - Dan Rae
- Film Sound - Bob Roberts
- Incidental Music - Malcolm Clarke
- Make-Up - Eileen Mair
- Producer - John Nathan-Turner
- Production Assistant - Joy Sinclair
- Production Associate - June Collins
- Production Manager - Corinne Hollingworth
- Script Editor - Eric Saward
- Special Sounds - Dick Mills
- Studio Lighting - Ron Bristow
- Studio Sound - Scott Talbott
- Technical Co-ordinator - Alan Arbuthnott
- Theme Arrangement - Peter Howell
- Title Music - Ron Grainer
- Videotape Editor - Hugh Parson
- Video Effects - Dave Chapman
- Vision Mixer - Paul Wheeler
- Visual Effects - Peter Wragg
References Edit
Animals Edit
- A cat is mistaken for a Dalek mutant.
Daleks Edit
- The Supreme Dalek is in charge of one Dalek faction.
- It is explicitly shown that Daleks can electronically communicate with each other without words. An electronic sound is heard each time this happens.
- The Daleks can clone subdued humanoids in duplication chambers. The duplicates were meant to infiltrate strategic Earth positions and to hit the High Council of Gallifrey through a Doctor's duplicate.
- The Daleks identify Turlough as a companion of the Doctor, despite having not met him directly yet.
- Davros has got a device for mind control for both humanoids and Daleks. He uses the device on two Daleks, which subsequently become the first Imperial Daleks.
- When infected by the Movellan virus Daleks begin to lose control of their casings, and they lose vision while a white substance spurts out of their casings. Davros is also vulnerable.
The Doctor Edit
- Flashbacks through the Doctor's mind on the Dalek's mind analysis machine included: Turlough, Tegan, Nyssa, Adric, Romana II, Romana I, K9, Harry Sullivan, the Fourth Doctor, Sarah Jane Smith, Jo Grant, the Brigadier, Liz Shaw, the Third Doctor, Zoe Heriot, Victoria Waterfield, Jamie McCrimmon, the Second Doctor, Ben Jackson, Polly Wright, Dodo Chaplet, Sara Kingdom, Katarina, Steven Taylor, Vicki Pallister, Barbara Wright, Ian Chesterton, Susan Foreman and the First Doctor. A prepared clip of Leela was unfortunately omitted from the sequence by mistake.
- The Doctor decides that Davros must be killed and accepts the role of executioner with great reluctance. He ultimately does not kill him.
- The Doctor vows to change his ways after the massive death toll and Tegan's stinging criticism of his lifestyle.
- When Tegan leaves, the Doctor remembers how he left Gallifrey for similar reasons.
Individuals Edit
- Tegan quotes her dead aunt Vanessa to justify her decision to stay on Earth.
- Lytton disguises himself as a policeman. His henchmen do likewise.
Locations Edit
- There are cylinders of the Movellan virus stored on Earth.
- The TARDIS materialises near London's Tower Bridge in 1984.
Time travel Edit
- The Daleks use time corridor technology to travel between their spacecraft, the space station and Earth in 1984.
- The Cloister Bell can be heard ringing while the Doctor is trying to free the TARDIS from the Daleks' time corridor.
- Inside the time corridor, the Doctor's TARDIS is thrown around.
Weapons Edit
- The Doctor handles a pistol, killing a Dalek mutant.
- The Movellans hid a number of anti-Dalek virus containers on Earth, possibly knowing that Earth is a prime candidate for future Dalek anti-Movellan operations.
- The Daleks equip their android duplicates with time period specific weapons, such as sub-machine guns for Lytton's faux-policemen. This causes some consternation for Lytton, who abhors the waste of useful slaves/subjects for experimentation after the prisoners escape.
- Dalek Troopers are armed with laser weapons that have no visible beam but are lethal to humans in a single shot and can damage a Dalek with enough shots.
Story notes Edit
- This story had the working titles of Warhead, The Return, and The Resurrection.
- Although recorded as four separate episodes, it was broadcast as two forty-five-minute episodes to free up transmission slots for the broadcast of the 1984 Winter Olympics.
- The forty-five minute episodes used the closing credits prepared for the twenty-minute parts one & three. Consequently Kiston is uncredited on the forty-five minute part one as he does not appear until the twenty-five minute part two.
- Rodney Bewes (Stien) is erroneously credited as 'Stein' in Radio Times for part one.
- Leslie Grantham (Kiston) is credited both on-screen and in Radio Times under the name Les Grantham. He is uncredited on-screen for part one, but is credited in Radio Times.
- An article by Russell T Davies in the Doctor Who Annual 2006 suggested that the Dalek Supreme's attempt to assassinate the High Council was one of the initial clashes in the Last Great Time War mentioned in the 2005 series.
- Eric Saward was unsatisfied with the story, saying in a DVD commentary that it was too frantic, with too many ideas. The main plot was the Daleks releasing Davros so he might find a cure for the Movellan virus. There were several sub-plots: the creation of duplicates to invade the Earth; the capture of the Doctor to create a clone to assassinate the Time Lords' High Council; Davros's scheme to create a new race of Daleks. As none of these are dealt with at any length, he felt they distracted from the central plot.
- John Nathan-Turner hated the Dalek-like helmets of Lytton's troops, but did not have the time to change them.
- Michael Wisher (who had played the original Davros in TV: Genesis of the Daleks) was unavailable to reprise his role due to theatrical work, so he was replaced by Terry Molloy.
- A clip of the battling Daleks was used in the first episode of the TV series James May's 20th Century; This clip was used to illustrate an item about lasers.
- This story has an unusually high body count, even for Doctor Who. Besides the Doctor, Tegan and Turlough, only Davros, Lytton and his two policemen survive (the Dalek Supreme may also have survived, as it's unclear whether it is actually on the Dalek ship at the time of its destruction). Much of the violence appears gratuitous, such as the murder of Laird, the killing of a crew member infected by a disease, and the shooting of the man with the metal detector whose attention Tegan tries to attract.
- This story was never officially novelised during the original run of Target Books due to unsuccessful negotiations with Eric Saward, but Saward later novelised the story in 2019.
- The story was the first of three consecutive serials, along with Planet of Fire and The Caves of Androzani, that saw the departure of one of the season's regular cast members. In this serial, Janet Fielding departs as Tegan.
- The visual effect used for the space station's self-destruct was later reused during the Fifth Doctor's regeneration in The Caves of Androzani.
- This is the last Dalek story in the Classic Series to include scenes in the TARDIS control room, and the last overall until Bad Wolf/The Parting of the Ways.
- This was considered to air during Season 20 but due to production problems was pushed back
Ratings Edit
- Part one - 7.3 million viewers
- Part two - 8.0 million viewers
Myths Edit
- It was due to the success of the double-length episode format of this story that the BBC decided to adopt the format for the whole of the following season. (It had already been decided before this that season twenty-two would consist of thirteen episodes of approximately forty-five minutes each).
Filming locations Edit
- Curlew Street, Bermondsey
- Butler's Wharf, Bermondsey, London
- Shad Thames, Bermondsey
- Lafone Street, Bermondsey
- BBC Television Centre (TC6 & TC8), Shepherd's Bush, London
Production errors Edit
- Near the end of part two, three Daleks go into the time corridor — but four come out.
- Many of the broadcast videotapes of parts three and four episodes seen on PBS stations in the US lacked sound effects; actors pointed lasers at each other noiselessly and the final explosion was silent. (This was due to an unfortunate mix-up of videotapes at BBC Enterprises, which resulted in undubbed copies being supplied. US viewers should perhaps have felt privileged, as the only people to see these particular tapes are the programme-makers themselves!)
- In part two when the Dalek shoots the army soldier, the laser goes nowhere near where the gunstick is pointing.
- The Dalek pushed out of the warehouse's loading bay doors at the beginning of part two differs from the Dalek in the studio-shot combat scene just before. It's a different colour, its eyestalk is shorter, and the rings around its mesh are mutilated with severe dents.
- When the Doctor shoots the Dalek mutant, no bullet holes appear in the sheet.
- When Davros says the line, "Now for the Daleks", his mouth does not move at all.
- In part one in the TARDIS, you can see the shadow of a boom microphone.
- In many scenes the 'cuffs' on the Dalek grills vary positions between each other throughout the story.
- On some grey Daleks there is no wire mesh between the solar panel slats.
- In a scene, Terry Molloy's left eye can be seen underneath Davros's mask.
- In a scene in part four, when the Doctor goes to collect the explosive charges (in the same room as the Time Corridor entrance), there is an audible rattling as the camera moves backwards. As he walks towards the Time Corridor's entrance, the rattling is heard again.
- In part one, when Turlough comes across the room containing the corpses of the Daleks' victims, including the real Colonel Archer and Sergeant Calder, the body of the Colonel is still wearing the gun-belt he gave to the Doctor.
Continuity Edit
- Davros shows knowledge of Time Lords — something that had never been said in front of the character in his past two appearances.
- The Daleks know of Gallifrey and want the Doctor's duplicate to assassinate the High Council. They previously had not shown such knowledge before this story. TV: The Five Doctors had however featured a Dalek being taken to Gallifrey (though not surviving to report back what he'd seen) and included a line saying that the Daleks had historically not been allowed to participate in the Gallifreyan war games because they "played too well" (possibly implying that, prior to them being banned, the Daleks had taken part in the games at least once at which point they "played too well").
- With the exception of a brief scene in TV: The Five Doctors, this is the only story to feature the Daleks during the Peter Davison era on screen.
- Davros was placed in suspended animation 90 years ago. (TV: Destiny of the Daleks)
- Lytton and his two faux-police goons reappear in TV: Attack of the Cybermen.
- As the Daleks probe the Doctor's mind, flashbacks on the mind analysis machine included: Turlough (TV: Terminus), Tegan (TV: Logopolis), Nyssa (TV: Black Orchid), Adric (TV: Warriors' Gate), Romana II (TV: Warriors' Gate), Romana I (TV: The Ribos Operation), K9 (TV: Warriors' Gate), Harry Sullivan (TV: Terror of the Zygons), the Fourth Doctor (TV: Pyramids of Mars), Sarah Jane Smith (TV: Pyramids of Mars), Jo Grant (TV: The Mutants), Brigadier Lethbridge-Stewart (TV: The Ambassdors of Death), Liz Shaw (TV: Spearhead from Space), the Third Doctor (TV: The Mutants), Zoe Heriot (TV: The War Games), Victoria Waterfield (TV: The Enemy of the World), Jamie McCrimmon (TV: The Enemy of the World), the Second Doctor (TV: The War Games), Ben Jackson (TV: The Tenth Planet), Polly Wright (TV: The Tenth Planet), Dodo Chaplet (TV: The War Machines), Sara Kingdom (TV: The Daleks' Master Plan), Katarina (TV: The Daleks' Master Plan), Steven Taylor (TV: The Time Meddler), Vicki Pallister (TV: The Rescue), Barbara Wright (TV: The Chase), Ian Chesterton (TV: The Chase), Susan Foreman (TV: The Daleks) and the First Doctor (TV: The Daleks' Master Plan). Leela and Kamelion do not appear; a clip of the former, taken from TV: The Face of Evil was to be featured during the aforementioned flashback sequence, but was omitted by mistake. Of the companions seen, six never encountered the Daleks on-screen: Dodo, Zoe, Liz, Romana I, Adric, and Nyssa.
- Tegan leaves the TARDIS but is eventually reunited with the Doctor in Brisbane, Australia on 22 September 2006, 22 years later. (AUDIO: The Gathering)
- Tegan also has another different encounter with the Doctor in PROSE: Good Companions.
- Davros next appears in AUDIO: Davros. He next appears on screen in TV: Revelation of the Daleks.
- With the exception of the Doctor, Tegan and Turlough, Lytton is the only named character in the story who does not die. However, Davros would later be resurrected by Arnold and Lorraine Baynes in AUDIO: Davros.
- The use of contagion by the Daleks as a weapon is a recurring element of the classic Dalek stories. In TV: The Dalek Invasion of Earth they infect Earth with a plague. In TV: Planet of the Daleks, they conquer Spiridon with disease. In TV: Death to the Daleks, they threaten to launch plague missiles. In TV: Genesis of the Daleks, Davros contemplates a hypothetical situation proposed by the Fourth Doctor of a disease that would wipe out all life. He later creates it in AUDIO: Terror Firma. In this story, the Daleks use disease to capture the prison ship.
- When the Doctor makes his decision to murder Davros, he justifies his plan by recalling the events of TV: Genesis of the Daleks, specifically his hesitation (and eventual decline) to cause the genocide of the Daleks before they could develop into ruthless, ethno-supremacist monsters. The Doctor then explains that it was a mistake he aims to amend by killing Davros before he can "save" the Dalek race.
- When Tegan protests the violence which seems to surround the Doctor wherever he goes, he remarks, "It seems I must mend my ways". This foresees a similar remorse which continues through his future incarnations.
- Tegan previously encountered a Dalek in the Cathedral of Power of the Elite on Florana. (AUDIO: The Elite)
- Having many times expressed distaste for guns and similar weapons, the Doctor has the opportunity to kill Davros using one, but ultimately does not do so.
- The Doctor says he wouldn't know what to do with an army, but will command one later against Morbius. (PROSE: Warmonger) The Twelfth Doctor later states that he doesn't need an army because he has his companions when offered one by Missy. (TV: Death in Heaven)
- The Daleks previously created numerous duplicates of the Fifth Doctor on Mojax. (AUDIO: Dalek Soul)
Home video and audio releases Edit
DVD releases Edit
Released as Doctor Who: Resurrection of the Daleks, the UK DVD release was the 4-part edition untransmitted in the UK, which came with an additional rubber case that went over the top of the standard packaging.
- Region 2 - 18 November 2002
- Region 4 - 3 February 2003
- Region 1 - 1 July 2003
- NTSC - Warner Video E1759
- On Location - Return to London's Shad Thames with Eric Saward, Matthew Robinson, and John Nathan-Turner
- Breakfast Time - Janet Fielding and John Nathan-Turner
- Deleted Scenes
- Trailer
- 5.1 Mix
- Music-only Option
- TARDIS Cam No.4
- Photo Gallery
- Production Subtitles
- Easter Egg - Original VT countdown used before part two. To access this hidden feature, press left at On Location on the Special Features menu.
- Easter Egg - Opening and closing themes, without credits. To access this hidden feature, press left at Who's Who on the Special Features menu.
- Commentary: Peter Davison, Janet Fielding, and Matthew Robinson
Rear Credits:
- Starring Peter Davison
- By Eric Saward
- Produced by John Nathan-Turner
- Directed by Matthew Robinson
- Incidental Music by Malcolm Clarke
- Editing for the DVD release was completed by the Doctor Who Restoration Team.
- It has also been released as part of the Davros box set with Genesis of the Daleks, Destiny of the Daleks, Revelation of the Daleks and Remembrance of the Daleks.
Special Edition release Edit
This story was released as Doctor Who: Resurrection of the Daleks: Special Edition
Special Features:
- The story's original 2-part edition, released on DVD for the first time. The 4-part edition is featured as well.
- Audio Commentary with Terry Molloy (Davros), writer Eric Saward and visual effects designer Peter Wragg.
- Casting Far and Wide - Actor interviews
- The Last Dalek - Behind the scenes of 1967's The Evil of the Daleks (moved here from The Seeds of Death)
- Come in Number Five - Fifth Doctor retrospective presented by David Tennant
- Tomorrow's Times - The Fifth Doctor
- Walrus short
- All previous special features
- It is only available in the UK and Australia as part of the Revisitations 2 box set.
VHS releases Edit
This story was released as Doctor Who: Resurrection of the Daleks.
- First Release:
- UK November 1993
- PAL - BBC Video BBCV5143
- NTSC - Warner Video E1261
Notes: It was presented in the non-broadcast (original edit) four-part format.
- Second Release:
Notes: W H Smith exclusive as part of the The Davros Collection box set.
External links Edit
- Resurrection of the Daleks at the BBC's official site
- Resurrection of the Daleks at RadioTimes
- Resurrection of the Daleks at BroaDWcast
- Resurrection of the Daleks at the Doctor Who Reference Guide
- Resurrection of the Daleks at Shannon Sullivan's A Brief History of Time (Travel)
- Resurrection of the Daleks at The Locations Guide


text: The folks at CNet's Crave blog were out driving an Infiniti G37 on the curve-tastic streets of San Francisco when they came across a brand-spanking new, and as-of-this-moment unavailable, Audi A5. Even more strange was the car was branded with white lettering declaring that it runs on E85 and that it was powered by the 2-liter turbocharged Euro engine instead of the 3.2-liter V6 it'll have when it comes stateside next year. [via Crave]


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J. Michael Floyd
Director of Foodservices
University of Georgia
Athens, Ga.
We had a "Dinner at the Horse Races" event. We decorated in a horse racing theme and had one of the university's horses brought in. We also had a hat decorating station where we provided straw hats. The menu was built from recipes we got from different horse tracks such as a rosemary garlic beef tenderloin with horseradish sauce from the Gulfstream Park Racecourse in Hollandale, Fla.


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Gonzalo Lopez-Gallego's "Apollo 18" has been bumped more times then I can keep track of but right now it's shooting for a September 2nd lift off and today we've got a new trailer for the found footage flick. The movie is set up as real footage of a secret moon landing in 1973 shot by 2 American astronauts. Did you get the "lift off" pun? Pretty clever, huh?
"The Ganzfeld Experiment" has one of the most confusing plot descriptions I've ever tried to read and now Rumer Willis, who has one of the most confusing names I've ever read, has signed on to play in the film along with Dominic Purcell. Alright here goes. 5 college kids go away for the weekend in order to partake in a ESP experiment. During the weekend they uncover their forgotten past, dreams, and their future somehow. Then things go nuts or something. This may or may not be a big rip off of "Flatliners". I have no idea.
Mark Vadik has been confirmed to direct and upcoming and I assume straight to DVD remake of the 1986 Tawny "I can't believe I watched this whole thing and she didn't go topless" Kitaen film "Witchboard". For those of you not familiar with the original it follows a group of party goes who accidentally unleash an evil demon while playing with a Ouija board. Any Tawny Kitaen doesn't get naked in it.
If you haven't been following all the exciting news around "Hellraiser: Revelations" here's a short recap. It's a new direct to DVD "Hellraiser" movie that apparently had such an awful script that Doug Bradley (the original Pinhead) wanted nothing to do with it. Along with that the reviews for the one screening of the film have been nothing but negative. But hey good news now, it's coming out on DVD and Blu-Ray on October 18th so you can see it for yourself. Merry half Christmas.


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Salzburg Travel Guide
City of Salzburg, Austria. © Thomas Pintaric
Until 1816, Salzburg was a city-state, independent of the Hapsburgs and ruled by powerful prince-archbishops. It is situated on the northern border of Austria, 70 miles (113km) southeast of Munich, in a picturesque setting surrounded by mountains.
Mozart was born here and the city's fascination with its most famous son is best demonstrated during the Salzburg Festival, which presents world-class performances of opera, drama and concerts each summer. Even the non-musical will find it difficult to resist Mozart's impression on the town: his image is on every postcard and chocolate box and both his birthplace and family house are now museums offering detailed insight into his life and work.
The city is also the hometown of Baroque and the south side of the river is a beautiful Baroque sprawl of charming churches, squares, houses, and fountains. The original buildings were cleared in the late 1500s by Prince Archbishop Wolf Dietrich von Raitenau in order to create a 'German Rome'.
All the main sights are within walking distance of the spacious old city (Altstadt), which is now largely pedestrianised. A few miles to the south of the city are the historic towns of Hallein and Werfen and to the west are the lakes of Salzberger, which are especially worth visiting during the spring and summer when the wild flowers are out.
Become our Salzburg Travel Expert
We are looking for contributors for our Salzburg travel guide. If you are a local, a regular traveller to Salzburg or a travel professional with time to contribute and answer occasional forum questions, please contact us.


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Help us achieve a world where the tax code doesn't stand in the way of success.
The Tax Foundation is the nation's leading independent tax policy nonprofit. Since 1937, our principled research, insightful analysis, and engaged experts have informed smarter tax policy at the federal, state, and global levels. For over 80 years, our goal has remained the same: to improve lives through tax policies that lead to greater economic growth and opportunity.
The digitalization of the economy has been a key focus of tax debates in recent years. Our new report reviews digital tax policies around the world with a focus on OECD countries, explores the various flaws and benefits associated with the wide set of proposals, and provides recommendations for lawmakers to consider. Read More
The Tax Foundation's Center for Federal Tax Policy produces timely and high-quality data, research, and analysis on federal tax issues that influences the debate toward economically principled policies.
The Tax Foundation's Center for State Tax Policy produces and markets timely and high-quality data, research, and analysis on state fiscal issues that influence the debate toward economically principled tax policies.
Providing journalists, taxpayers and policymakers with basic data on taxes and spending is a cornerstone of the Tax Foundation's educational mission.
We've found that one of the best, most engaging ways to visualize tax data is in the form of maps. Every week, we release a new tax map that illustrates one important measure of state tax rates, collections, burdens and more.
Stay up on the tax news and analysis that matters to you.
Dazzle your friends with your vast knowledge of taxes! Download the Facts & Figures app and get the latest tax rates, rankings, and more at your fingertips.


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Warner Bros. has unveiled the Green Lantern tie-in toys that might reveal what constructs Hal Jordan forms in the movie. See more photos of the new Spider-Man running through the streets. And The Hunger Games has a release date. Spoilers!
Spider-Man Reboot
Here's a bunch of new set photos: [Marie Claire]
Green Lantern
Warner Bros. and Mattel have released images of the various tie-in toys, and they might well reveal some of the things that Hal Jordan might make out of green energy, using his ring, in the finished film. There's "gun", "scorpion", "griffin", and, my personal favorite, "hand." Check out the gallery for a closer look at them: [The HD Room]
Source Code
We've already seen the more artistic poster for Duncan Jones's upcoming film, and now the more traditional poster has been released. It's pretty awesome in its own right: [Yahoo]
The Hunger Games
Lionsgate has set a release date of March 23, 2012 for the Suzanne Collins adaptation. Still no word on who will be in it, but the cast should be announced soon. [Cinematical]
Promo photos are out for episode 13, "Immortality": [SpoilerTV]
Here's a few set photos: [SpoilerTV]
Doctor Who
Dan Johnston and Charlie Baker have reportedly been cast as "Thin Man" and "Fat Man", and both are believed to appear in mid-series finale episode 7. [DoctorWhoSpoilers]
A promo is out for next week's "Chuck vs. the Push Mix":
Here's a quick teaser for episode 14, "Chuck vs. the Seduction Impossible":
Chuck's decision to wait puts him at odds with Sarah, who tries to convince him to see things her way.
Here's a lengthy casting call for episode 16, "Chuck vs. the First Mate":
1.) FEMALE (mid 20s; Caucasian) - VIVIAN. 25, beautiful, charming, intelligent - a sophisticated socialite. Currently enrolled at Oxford studying history. She thinks her father is an oil tycoon, but in truth he is a criminal mastermind. Must be comfortable on and able to ride horses. MAJOR RECURRING GUEST STAR;
2.) MALE (late 30s; Caucasian) - BORIS. Arrogant, International Assassin. Must speak multiple languages including Russian, Italian, German and English. Casual about his assassin ways, think Clive Owen. GUEST STAR;
3.) FEMALE (40s; Caucasian) - JANE BENTLEY. 40, the Director of NCS. This woman oozes power and control. She has come to make an offer to Casey (Adam Baldwin). RECURRING GUEST STAR;
4.) MALE (50s; Caucasian) - JUREK. 50, Russian man. Must speak Russian. CO-STAR;
5.) FEMALE (mid 30s; Caucasian) - ANTONIA. 35, sexy, Italian. Must speak Italian. CO-STAR;
6.) MALE (late 30s; Caucasian) - CHRISTOPH. 38, husky German man. Must speak German. CO-STAR
The Jane Bentley character sure sounds like what we've heard about Robin Givens's character, although she isn't Caucasian, so I guess this might be someone else. [New Faces]
Wonder Woman
Now that David E. Kelley's pilot script has been picked up by NBC, the next big question is who will direct. The likely choice is reportedly Charlie's Angels and Terminator Salvation director McG, who despite his spotty film record has helped bring to air a bunch of successful genre shows, including Chuck (for which he also directed the pilot), Supernatural, Nikita, and Human Target. [TV Line]
The Cape
Here's a pair of promos for episode 5, "Dice": [SpoilerTV]
Episode 10 is reportedly called "Endgame", and it's probably not an adaptation of the Samuel Beckett play about a guy whose parents live in a trash can. Rather, it focuses on supervillain Peter Fleming's attempts to control Palm City. [CapeSite.net]
Izabella Miko's Raia, one of Vince's newfound circus friends, will apparently want to become more than friends...whether Vince wants to or not. Creator Tom Wheeler explains:
"She has a very strong crush on Vince - and there are plans to have that crush tilt into obsession. We have big plans for Raia."
[TV Line]
The Event
Executive producer Evan Katz explains how the season finale will operate, since they still don't know whether there will be a second season:
"[It will] complete the story of the first season, while setting up a radically different condition in the world for the second season - in the hopes that there is one."
[TV Line]
Here's a video in which star Jason Ritter takes you around the set: [E! Online] Click to view
Sonya Salomaa, who played Adrian Veidt's assistant in Watchmen, has reportedly been cast as the angel Rachel, who is a tough, no-nonsense enforcer for Castiel. [TV Guide]
As a follow-up to yesterday's item, here's the interview where Rob Benedict hints at a return for his character Chuck Shurley: [MingleMedia; thanks to JD Piche for the tip!]
There have been plenty of hints of this already, what with the funeral set photos and all, but it appears two recurring characters will soon die, as opposed to just one. [TV Line]
Being Human (US)
Here's a promo and sneak peek for episode 3, "Something to Watch Over Me": [SpoilerTV] Click to view
Click to view
Elizabeth Mitchell explains that Erica will share some romantic tension with her new partner Chris Bolling, played by The Shield's Jay Karnes, but he'll be staying away from the Fifth Column for the time being:
"Of course there's romantic chemistry, and Jay is exactly the kind of guy I'd go for. He's fun and they poke at each other. There's a little something there [between them] and she now has several men that she likes. There's all kind of secret stuff going on with him, and he's got his own stuff to do."
[TV Guide]
Morena Baccarin says original V star Marc Singer, who first appears in the season finale, will be a regular part of the cast if the show gets a third season. There are a few other tidbits at the link. [Teen Television]
Here's a lengthy preview of the upcoming episode "Collateral":
"Collateral" will apparently get Clark closer to actually flying than he ever has before. Also, the Justice League will become an even stronger, more cohesive unit in the wake of Hawkman's sacrifice. [TV Guide]
Lois Lane portrayer Erica Durance offers this mid-season preview:
Here's a complete collection of the various promo photos for the rest of the season: [SpoilerTV]


text:
See how Toyota vehicles compare against the competition. Start by choosing your Toyota vehicle and a competitor to learn more on how they stack up.
This is how you build an off-road icon. The 2017 Toyota Tacoma is what happens when our engineers take a 50-year legacy of toughness, a whole lot of modern tech, and combine it all into one unstoppable package. And there's more to this machine than just its aggressive good looks. Advanced off-road technologies and heavy-duty components take this truck to places others fear to tread. A powerful and efficient V6 has got the goods to get you to the end of the map and back. Inside, superior comfort and tech keep you feeling refreshed during those hard-charging expeditions. It's time to get in touch with your gnarly side. Let's go places.
See how the 2017 Toyota Tacoma 4x4 Double Cab TRD Sport compares against the 2016 Nissan Frontier Crew Cab 4x4 SL 5AT. To start, Tacoma 4X4 TRD Sport V6 6AT Double Cab's Fuel Economy (city) is 18 and Fuel Economy (highway) is 23 while Frontier Crew Cab 4X4 SL 5AT's Fuel Economy (city) is 15 and Fuel Economy (highway) is 21. Looking for performance? Tacoma 4X4 TRD Sport V6 6AT Double Cab has 3.91 Axle Ratio while Frontier Crew Cab 4X4 SL 5AT has 3.36 Axle Ratio. Also consider, Horsepower @ Max RPM on Tacoma 4X4 TRD Sport V6 6AT Double Cab is 278@6000 while 261@5600 on Frontier Crew Cab 4X4 SL 5AT. When you consider safety, Front Knee Airbags are Standard on the Tacoma 4X4 TRD Sport V6 6AT Double Cab while Not Available on the Frontier Crew Cab 4X4 SL 5AT.
These are just a few areas where the Tacoma outperforms the Frontier. Learn more in the chart below, or contact a dealer near you today!


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We will discuss the latest developments in forensic sample preparation and advances with challenging samples using the QIAsymphony. We will elaborate on new software and protocol developments that improve difficult sample handling and subsequent profiling assay setup options.
The webinar includes:
Dr. Marion Nagy received her PhD in 1987. With extensive experience in immunogenetics and analysis of difficult forensic samples, Dr. Nagy is a member of several international organizations in these two disciplines. Dr. Nagy and her laboratory staff are actively involved in academia and the training of future forensic and immunogenetics researchers. Recognizing her invaluable contributions to the interdisciplinary working group in immunotherapy, Dr. Nagy received the Clinical Science Award from the German Society of Immunotherapy in 2004.


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Vice President Joe Biden acknowledged that new gun laws would not "fundamentally alter" the likelihood of another mass shooting, though he insisted there has been a "sea change" in American views on guns in the wake of Newtown.
"Nothing we're going to do is going to fundamentally alter or eliminate the possibility of another mass shooting or guarantee that we will bring gun deaths down to 1,000 a year from what it is now," Biden told reporters Thursday afternoon after he spent over an hour lunching with Democratic senators at the Capitol.
"But there are things that we can do, demonstrably can do, that have virtually zero impact on your Second Amendment right to own a weapon for both self defense and recreation that can save some lives," he said.
Biden was on the Hill to help sell a package of changes to the nation's gun laws that President Barack Obama is pushing in the wake of the Newtown, Conn., shootings that killed 20 elementary school children and six adults. The president wants an assault weapons ban, limits on the size of gun magazines, universal background checks and a federal gun trafficking statute.
The 1994 assault-weapons ban was allowed to expire in 2004, and there had been little appetite to reenact it.
Still, that was before Newtown -- and the vice president insisted Thursday that the tragedy there changed the public's attitudes toward gun-safety legislation, a reality that would make new firearms regulations possible.
"I'm not saying there's an absolute consensus on all these things," Biden said, "but there is a sea change, a sea change in the attitudes of the American people. I believe the American people will not understand -- and I know that everyone in that caucus understands -- they won't understand if we don't act.
"The visual image of those 20 innocent children being riddled with bullets has, has absolutely, not only traumatized the nation, but it has caused-- like the straw that broke the camel's back."
As evidence, he pointed to what he said was new support from evangelical Christian groups for some gun regulation. Biden told reporters that support from conservative religious groups that represent largely rural constituencies was different than it's been during past legislative fights over guns.
Biden said he did not watch a gun violence hearing the Senate Judiciary Committee held Thursday; at that hearing, Democrats and gun-violence victims clashed with Republicans and the National Rifle Association over whether universal background checks would reduce gun crimes.
Biden on Wednesday met with former Rep. Gabrielle Giffords and her husband, Mark Kelly, who both testified at the Senate hearing.


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This is a modular house that is constructed of smaller 8'x8′ sections and when you put 4 of them together you have a fully functional home.
The enclosed area is divided by a bathroom/kitchen core into a sleeping quarter and a living/dining area. A porch is also included in one of the modules. The "L" shape of this sustainable house provide a garden area for the house. The shape also allows the housing unit to be repeated in a small community.


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Did you know? NLDS Game 2: ATL 4, LA 3
A look at some notable facts and figures from the Atlanta Braves' 4-3 victory over the Los Angeles Dodgers in Game 2 of the National League Division Series at Turner Field on Friday.
• The Dodgers had their seven-game win streak in the NLDS snapped.
• Braves closer Craig Kimbrel recorded a four-out save. The right-hander converted 50 of 54 save chances in the regular season, including one four-out save Aug. 25 in St. Louis. Kimbrel, 25, is the youngest pitcher in Major League history to save at least 50 games in one season.
• Hanley Ramirez had three hits -- two doubles and a two-run homer -- and drove in all three of the Dodgers' runs. The shortstop, playing in October for the first time in his career, also had an RBI double in Game 1.
• The Braves scored two runs against four Los Angeles relievers in the seventh inning. The Dodgers' bullpen had allowed just one run in its previous 32 innings.
• Dodgers shortstop Dee Gordon pinch-ran and was thrown out attempting to steal second for the second out in the ninth inning. Gordon stole 10 bases in the regular season and was caught stealing twice.
• Atlanta starter Mike Minor earned the win in his first postseason appearance with 6 1/3 innings of one-run ball. The left-hander was on the Braves' roster for last year's Wild Card loss to the Cardinals, but did not pitch.
• Dodgers starter Zack Greinke took the loss and allowed two runs on four hits in six innings. Greinke is 1-2 with a 5.56 ERA in four career starts in the postseason.
• The Braves scored all of their runs in Game 2 with two outs. The Dodgers scored four of their six runs in Game 1 with two outs.
• The Dodgers had five batters reach base leading off innings, but only one of those runners scored.
• Dodgers reliever Brian Wilson tossed a 1-2-3 eighth inning and has not allowed an earned run over 13 2/3 innings in his postseason career. Wilson also fired a scoreless eighth inning in Game 1.
• Atlanta is 4-1 all-time against Los Angeles in the NLDS.


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The last day of my 40s was spent in a hospital room with my Mom. Recently out of surgery, she was only occasionally aware that I was there. My sister and I talked to her and simply sat quietly in her room, sometimes holding her hand.
And then I turned 50.
It's hard for me to see my Mom like this. What's really hard is seeing it for her, not for me. She had so many dreams that will never materialize. Or perhaps somewhere in her mind, some are now materializing. I hope so. I often wonder what my Dad would want us to do for her. My faith is that he will be waiting…somewhere…for her. But it's not time for that yet; she's recovering from her injury. Selfishly, I'm very grateful for that, but I'm not always sure that I should be.
I have to struggle to recall what I did last week but I can remember the night my Dad passed away with crystal clarity. I remember the hours leading up to it, and the moment itself in minute detail. I remember the words that were spoken and unspoken. I even remember the clothes I was wearing and the odd choice of an astronomy book I grabbed to take with me to the hospital. That was nearly 35 years ago. In three and a half decades, my Mom could never find the man who could replace Bruce Traphagen, although a few did try.
The day I turned 50, I was in a hospital room with my Mom — just as I was exactly half a century ago. Back then, on November 22, 1962, she still had her whole life before her and a loving husband and family by her side. Now I'm not sure what she thinks about life. I wonder whom she sees in her sleep. Has she seen my Dad? Has she seen old friends that have since passed on? Is she reliving fond memories? Sometimes she looks peaceful while sleeping; sometimes she looks distressed. I hope what she sees are fond memories, memories of a life well lived with a loving husband and four successful children, all with college degrees and families of their own; all of whom love her dearly.
I never expected to live to be 50 so I have no pre-conceived notions of what that milestone should be like. I've never been a big fan of my own birthday anyway. Perhaps I could have kicked off my second half century with a drunken bang, but what I did was say goodbye to my Mom, for now, at least, and then drove four hours with my sister to her home near Minneapolis to get ready for my flight back to Florida. On the drive up, snow began to fall. There is an incredible beauty in an early snowfall that can never be known in Florida. It is so beautiful that it can cause your heart to leap with joy and tears to form in your eyes. I felt fortunate to see it, just as I felt fortunate to spend time with my Mom, my brother and my sisters. I hid those tears from my sister sitting next to me. It felt as though it would have been too hard to explain they were for the beauty I was seeing and for my Mom and the fact that I was leaving her. She's OK without me, I'm less so without her.
On Thanksgiving Day, the day 50 years from my birth, I kissed my Mom on the forehead and told her that I love her, just as she probably did for me in a different hospital room a half century ago. Hours later at my sister's house, my now-adult foster daughter was waiting with her eight-month-old son. My daughter and her baby had been at a late Thanksgiving dinner with my nephew and the baby was fussy and not anxious to sleep. I rocked him and quietly sang the Beatles, "Let It Be," to him. His little arms were wrapped around my neck and shoulder, his little body began to relax, and he fell asleep. It was magical. It was a good way to turn 50.
Suddenly I could see myself teaching him to catch a baseball or play the guitar. Suddenly that was so much more important than deadlines and other things that I've given far too much significance in the past.
Fifty years ago, my Mom set me on a brand new course in life. The whole world lay before me. Fifty years later, I think she did it again, and the world is still there, still before me. It is before all of us. But now I know things I didn't know back then. We all do.
I'm 50 and the American Association of Retired People has me in their sights. But despite a heavy heart, somehow I've never felt younger. I've never felt more able to accomplish things I know to be truly important. As singer and actress Lorna Luft once said, "I've spent much of my adult life flinching with pain as I tried to pull out the threads that bound the shadows of my past to me." When I turned 50, kissing my Mom's forehead, rocking a precious baby to sleep, those threads started to disappear and a new life began. I know that both of my parents would be happy with that.
Happy Thanksgiving. I'm very happy to be here with you.


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The Mysterious Ambulance
It is not often that an ambulance arrives at the Begged Yad Leyad used clothing center in Kiryat Mattersdorf in Jerusalem. Rebbetzin Sheindel Weinbachs front yard serves as a depot for used clothes, toys and almost everything else which she and a team of volunteers sort and send to a network of distribution centers throughout Israel. Throughout the day and night cars, cabs and trucks pull up and dump the items people are happy to part with. There is even the occasional Egged bus delivering items abandoned in the city buses and unclaimed.
But what is an ambulance doing there?
The answer lies in a phone call received by the Rebbetzin from a staff member of the Hadassah Medical Center in Jerusalem. The caller asked if some clothes could be supplied for ill, homeless people who come to the hospital and lack even elementary clothes to change into from their ragged, unhealthy ones. Begged Yad Leyad was happy to supply the clothes and an ambulance was sent to pick them up.


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2015-08-25 21:16:38 lzU19aT3ZY disse
Hey the off-topic store called. And they're all out of you.To deenfd my comments, HR is one of the central tenets of business. Just ask Jack Welch. And I never suggested that businesses become non-profits or provide services and products for free. I'm suggesting that a business will find greater success when their focus is larger than profit. If the mission statement is, make lots of money for our shareholders , then you'll have a disengaged work force and uninspired customers. But, when you have a mission like Starbucks', where everything matters when brewing and serving that perfect cup of coffee, then you have a business that succeeds. Of course Starbucks wants greater market penetration and the profit it brings. However, when profit becomes more important than that perfect brew, then the brand and business makes its descent. In short, it's not about following profit. It's about profit following you when you're great at what you do. And there's absolutely nothing wrong with enjoying the money. It's well earned. And I breath it like a fresh breath of mountain air, surrounded by Arctic vixens, clad in fur bikinis while holding back their leashed snow leopards.


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I was driving down the street today to return a book to the library that was overdue. That is nothing new for me. I can't seem to return these things on time. I just can't do it. No matter how hard I try. Anyway, I was in my own little world when I looked over the to left and see a sign on the side of the street that said "Bakery Open ~ Gluten-Free Available"! WHAT? Am I seeing things? I couldn't stop then because I was going the opposite way, but I was definitely hitting that place on my way back.
Holiday Baking Company in Worthington, Ohio. That is the name of my new found love. Yes, I bake my own GF stuff and enjoy doing so, but just the idea of knowing that there is someplace out there that could do it for me, if needed, is so comforting! Over 3 years gluten-free, and I have yet to find a local bakery that does gluten-free baking. I went in and spoke with the Proprietor, Lisa. Lisa explained how they do the gluten-free baking on alternate days from the regular baking so they can avoid cross-contamination. Then, as soon as the baked items are cooled, they are wrapped up and placed on the top shelf in the display case to avoid potential cross-contamination from the gluten-filled baked goods. I was impressed with the selection. I purchased a lemon bar and a cappuccino chocolate chip muffin. I had to hold myself back to save these for when Jon got home from school.
The taste test. YUM! I had a small bite of the muffin and it was excellent. The lemon bar was all I expected it to be and more. Jon ooohed and aaahhed over the treats. It is definitely someplace I will be frequenting again and possibly getting larger cakes for functions when I don't have time to make my own.
Thank you, Lisa, for making a safe product for those of us who have to follow such a strict diet. We appreciate it. 🙂
Filed under: Gluten-Free, Gluten-free Eateries | 2 Comments »


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July 26, 2012
St. Mark's Hospital is opening a brand new Acute Rehabilitation Center, which will focus on patients recuperating from stroke, brain injury, neurological diseases, and other significant disabling events. Whereas the Hospital formerly sent these patients to outside rehabilitation facilities for treatment, the addition of the Acute Rehabilitation Center will now increase and improve the St. Mark's continuum of care for its patients.
The Acute Rehabilitation Center is housed on the ground floor of the St. Mark's main hospital building. The facility is equipped with 14 patient beds, a large therapy gym, and a dining area. In this intensive therapy program, patients will receive, on average, three hours of therapy, six days a week. A patient's average length of stay is anticipated to be 16-17 days.
Staffed with a medical director, various therapists and nurses, the Acute Rehabilitation Center is anticipated to treat nine patients daily, on average. This new addition will increase the level of care St. Mark's is able to provide to the community. It will make the transition to rehabilitation and overall hospital experience better for patients.
Learn more about St. Mark's new Acute Rehabilitation Center./a>


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Reviewed By Jason H (Carrollton, TX) Reviewed for a 1988 Mercury Grand Marquis —6/9/2009 8:42 PM
But not high flow. They allow a little better flow than the original converters, but not much more. They do sound better though. If I can get true duals on my car, they may work even better and the y pipe may be the main issue I'm having. Installation was a cake walk. Getting the old ones off was a pain, but these went on very easily. Would have been better if they matched up to the OE air injection without modification, but that's not a big deal.


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Tagged: Juan Perez
6-27-09 PNC Park
Today was a Saturday, which meant an extra 30 minutes of batting practice, since the gates open at 4:30 rather than 5:00.
When I got in, I immediately went into foul territory to look for Easter Eggs. I scoured every row, but found nothing. I then wasted 14 minutes of batting practice by staying in the left field foul area. I was hoping Nyjer Morgan or another lefty would slice one down the line, but it didn't happen. I watched about six balls land in the left field bleachers during this time. I then made my way back to my normal spot in left field.
After a short lull, I got 3 balls in maybe a minute. The first ball went off of a ballhawk's glove. He must've lost it in the sun. Either way, I reached down and picked up the ball for ball #1 of the day. Notice the hole in it.
Seconds later, a home run was hit at another ballhawk. He tried to snag it in his hat, but slightly missed it. The ball rattled around under the bleacher. He didn't see it, but I did. I ran over and picked up ball #2 of the day.
Moments later, a home run was hit to my right. Myself, along with three other ballhawks closed in on it, and I was able to grab ball #3 off of the concrete barehanded in the knick of time.
I hit a dry patch. Near the end of batting practice, Stephen Jackson threw a ball to fellow ballhawk Nick. For whatever reason, Jeff Karstens turned and looked right at me and said, "There's one over there," and pointed in foul territory.
Game: 6 balls (5 hit, 1 thrown)
Season: 216 balls (112 hit, 74 thrown, 30 device)
Games: 43 games (5 of which didn't have BP)
Average: 5.02 balls per game
Career: 382 balls
Attendance: 36,032


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Boeing 747-400
The reliable giant
When it went into service more than 40 years ago, the Boeing 747 acquired its nickname "jumbo" because of gigantic dimensions, which were at that time unique in the civil aviation scene. Its fuselage is just under 71 meters long, its wingspan more than 64 meters, and its has two passenger decks. The 747-400 is Boeing's best-selling jumbo jet, and Lufthansa operates a good number of these aircraft on intercontinental routes.
* September 2016; ** with max. number of bookings; *** Configuration may vary


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Sunday School – 10:00 am
Worship Service – 11:00 am
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Wednesday Bible Study - 6:30 pm
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Northport, AL 35473
How do we live our daily lives as a living sacrifice? In our previous lesson, Paul explained that we can do this by finding our gift and using it. Today's text moves forward with some truly challenging things for us all. A church should be a haven for the people of God. Only when we apply these teachings can we actually be that. We pray this challenging passage encourages you to strive with more zeal to be a disciple of Jesus Christ.


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2020 ECPA Christian Book Award Nominee: BiblesFilament combines the simple elegance of a premium Bible with the powerful capabilities of your mobile device. You get the best reading experience a print Bible can offer and instant access to more meaningful content than you'll find in any one study Bible or devotional Bible.
The Filament Bible features a carefully crafted page design, offering the best possible reading experience in a single-volume print Bible. A line-over-line single-column setting, generous font size and margins, and optimal line length create a strikingly beautiful presentation of God's Word in a portable package.
This Bible also includes exclusive access to the Filament App, available in the App Store and Google Play. Simply scan the page you are reading with your device's camera. Your phone or tablet recognizes the page and instantly connects you to content centered around that passage.
This print+digital setup gives you options you've never had in a single Bible. If you want to read God's Word without distraction, leave your phone in your pocket. If you want to dig deeper, your device unlocks a rich set of curated content--study notes, devotionals, videos, interactive visuals, and more.
Your Bible reading will never be the same.
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Located in Carol Stream, Illinois, Tyndale House Publishers was founded in 1962 by Dr. Kenneth N. Taylor as a means of publishing The Living Bible. Tyndale publishes Christian fiction, nonfiction, children's books, and other resources, including Bibles in the New Living Translation (NLT).
Tyndale products include many New York Times best sellers, including the popular Left Behind fiction series by Tim LaHaye and Jerry B. Jenkins, novels by Francine Rivers, Karen Kingsbury and Joel C. Rosenberg, plus numerous nonfiction works.
Tyndale House Publishers is substantially owned by Tyndale House Foundation. As a result, the company's profits help underwrite the foundation's mission, which is to spread the Good News of Christ around the world.
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Terri Schultz, assistant district attorney, allegedly invoked her position and asked Butler police officers not to prosecute her boyfriend during a traffic stop in November.
No criminal charges have been filed and Schultz is not under internal investigation after the incident, officials said.
"I'm sorry to the police for my actions that night," Schultz said in a statement Friday. "I have already apologized to them."
Bryan K. Fundark, 45, of Jefferson Township was allegedly driving a car that was pulled over by city officers at 11:52 p.m. Nov. 30 on North Main Street for swerving and driving with its lights off, according to the affidavit of probable cause in his arrest.
Schultz was a passenger in the car, according to internal police documents obtained by the Butler Eagle.
Officers Caleb Forsythe, Kory Fleming and Sgt. Ben Spangler were present and filed internal reports, including a narrative of the call.
According to Spangler's report, Schultz exited the vehicle after they pulled over on Dingham Road and was visibly intoxicated.
She said that she was going to call District Attorney Richard Goldinger and stated that "she would get this taken care of," according to the report.
In their reports, both Fleming and Forsythe also wrote that Schultz was intoxicated and had called Goldinger from the scene, saying that he would "take care of" or "handle" the situation.
After being told she was in no condition to drive, she allegedly mocked officers and screamed "arrest me," Spangler's report said.
For more about this story, read Sunday's Butler Eagle.


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Scalp Reconstruction, Dubai Aestheica, Reconstructive surgery in Dubai,Professor Ashok Govila
|Professor Dr. Ashok Govila, Consultant Plastic Surgeon, Dubai
Before and After Photos about Scalp Reconstruction, Plastic, Reconstructive Surgery, Dubai
© Information provided here is for general education about cosmetic plastic surgery procedures. This information is subject to change. dubai-aesthetica.com does not guarantee that it is accurate or complete, and is not responsible for any actions resulting from the use of this information. General information provided in this fashion should not be construed as specific medical advice or recommendation, and is not a substitute for a consultation and physical examination by a physician. Only discussion of your individual needs with a Professor Dr. Ashok Govila will determine the best method of treatment for you.


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Problems Arise With Court Reporters
Stenographers at the South Street Magistrates' Court Complex shut down operations at the courts.
Privately contracted court reporters, who work under consultant Ludell Theophilus, reportedly refused to work over compensation issues.
Theophilus' contract as a consultant for the unit and supervisor to private reporters employed by her company L.E.T. Court Reporting Services and the reporters employed with the public service expires in 2014.
Back in 2004, a report by the Court Reporting Review Committee, which was commissioned by the Office of the Attorney General, found "perennial problems with the production of transcripts".
Attorney General Allyson Maynard-Gibson also spoke of plans to establish a career path for the unit – another recommendation in the 2004 report – in the next budget. Today, there are 32 reporters in New Providence; 18 of them work for Theophilus and 14 are employed by the public service. Of the six reporters in Grand Bahama, half of them are contracted workers. The committee found that the unit has a "number of anomalies and management problems". It also found that there is little in-house training. Court reporting was first introduced to The Bahamas in 1989 by Czerenda Court Reporting Service (CCRS), which was owned by American Randal Czerenda. CCRS continued to provide the service until 1999 when the contract was awarded to Theophilus.
The 2004 report suggested that the government should take over management of the unit and end the dual system which fostered tensions between the contracted workers and their counterparts in the public service. The report found that the contracted reporters are able to negotiate a better salary than that offered by the public service.
Calls to Theophilus were not returned up to press time.
Artesia Davis,
The Nassau Guardian


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Good Storm Chasing Weather?
15 hours ago
A collection of short comments, rants, complaints, tributes, or whatever. This won't replace my existing Web essays. IF YOU WISH TO COMMENT ON ANY ENTRY, YOU MUST INCLUDE YOUR REAL FIRST AND LAST NAME - NO ANONYMOUS OR FIRST-NAME ONLY COMMENTS, OR THOSE USING A PSEUDONYM WILL BE POSTED!


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School of Mines and Technology Parade of Trees Themed Around 'A Christmas Story'
RAPID CITY, S.D. (AP) - The South Dakota School of Mines and Technology is hosting its annual Parade of Trees themed around the holiday classic "A Christmas Story."
Wednesday's event inside the Surbeck Center Ballroom features Christmas trees decorated by various organizations. In the 1983 comedy, Ralphie tries to convince his mother, his teacher and a department store Santa Claus that he should get a Red Ryder BB Gun.
The Student Leadership and Activities Association invites 25 to 30 organizations to try to outdo one other and produce the most creative and festive tree of the season. The event runs from 9 a.m. to 3 p.m. MST.
The association requests a donation of two cans of food for admittance, with all proceeds going to the student pantry to help those in need.
Copyright 2012 by The Associated Press. All rights reserved. Material may not be redistributed.


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Drill readies officials in event of catastrophe
Officers, deputies, FBI agents instruct teachers at Orlando school
ORLANDO, Fla. – Officers, deputies and FBI agents charged into a downtown Orlando school on Friday, but don't worry, it was all a drill aiming to keep kids safe.
The drill took place at St. James Cathedral School on Ridgewood Street, just north of Lake Eola.
If a gunman opens fire in a school, how prepared are students, teachers, or law enforcement?
In the drill, students are playing ball in gym class, when suddenly a gunman storms in, opens fire. Immediately, two students are hit, lying helpless, taking shallow breaths.
Two minutes in, officers arrive, and one is shot.
"Every time I would hear a gunshot, I jumped," said Donna Witherspoon, principal at Lady of our Lourdes in Melbourne.
It was just a drill, but we've seen how this can be reality. On Friday, multiple agencies wanted the teachers, students, administrators to see just how real it could be.
School officials took notes on how to prepare.
Officials say they planned this drill before Sandy Hook, but those tragic events just escalated the importance of being prepared.
Copyright 2013 by ClickOrlando.com. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


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|Psi Chi Journal Spring 2006
Volume 11.1 | Spring 2006
Download This Issue - All articles are now free.
The Effect of Temporal Focus on Affective Forecasts Regarding the Outcome of the 2004 Presidential Election
Catherine Camilletti, Sarah Campbell, and Julie A. Woodzicka, Washington and Lee University
ABSTRACT: Focalism occurs when, as a result of directing a great deal of attention to some event, a person overestimates the impact of that event on his/her future emotional reactions. In the present study, we compared the effectiveness of using a past or future temporal focus as a means to reduce both focalism and inaccurate affective forecasting. Participants' were asked to focus on different events and periods of time before they predicted their emotional reactions to the outcome of the 2004 Presidential Election. Following the election, the participants' predicted ratings were compared with their actual ratings. Evidence of the durability bias was found, but focalism was not reduced by directing thoughts to the past or future.
The Matching Hypothesis in Reality TV
Jodie L. Bouanchaud and Elizabeth Yost Hammer, Loyola University New Orleans; Elliott D. Hammer, Xavier University of Louisiana
ABSTRACT: Physical attractiveness is important in choosing a romantic partner. Among other similarities, the matching hypothesis predicts that we will choose partners with similar levels of attractiveness. The present study examines whether the matching hypothesis holds for reality television. Two individuals coded two reality TV shows for physical attractiveness of couples. This archival study provided information about how well a reality television show matched "reality's" method of choosing a partner. No relationship emerged between physical attractiveness and when the individuals were cut from the shows. Significant positive correlations emerged, however, between ratings of how funny, friendly, competitive, affectionate, and arrogant the individuals were, as well as their level of common interest when they were cut from the shows.
The Effects of Romantic Involvement on Psychological Well-Being in Late Adolescence
Madeline E. McNeeley, Laura N. May, and Deborah P. Welsh, University of Tennessee, Knoxville
ABSTRACT: Social dating has long been considered a central part of the adolescent experience by psychological theorists. Specifically, Erikson (1968) and Sullivan (1953) theorized that early romantic relationships play an important role in healthy psychosocial development. Moreover, Dunphy (1963) proposed a stage theory in which normative development of interpersonal relationships culminates in late adolescence with involvement in intimate, dyadic romantic relationships. However, little empirical research has been conducted on these theories until very recently. This study extends the line of research in this area by analyzing the relationship between romantic involvement and well-being in late adolescence; whereby well-being is defined as positive self-concept and the absence of depression. Implications of the findings for these theories are discussed.
Influence of Leader Trust on Policy Agreement
John P. Steele and John N. Pinto, Morningside College
ABSTRACT: Organizations need to know the basis on which new policies are evaluated by employees and the variables that influence the adoption of policies and ideas. Based upon prior research, one factor that may play a significant role in this evaluation is subordinate/leader trust. The present study attempted to ascertain the influence of trust on evaluation of an organizational policy based upon message support. Ninety-three participants (teachers) read a memo indicating support or nonsupport for an organizational policy (new teacher certification) by their direct supervisor (school principal) with accompanying rationale for the position. In addition, participants self-reported their level of trust in their direct supervisor using the Behavioral Trust Inventory (BTI). Results indicate the higher the level of trust in the direct supervisor, the higher the extent of subordinate agreement, regardless of the position taken by the principal. No other variables studied such as length of relationship, years teaching, age, and gender were related to subordinate agreement.
Overt and Covert Racial Attitudes Towards African Americans and Native Americans
Melissa K. Tibbits, Pennsylvania State University; Dennis R. Combs, University of Tulsa
ABSTRACT: Contemporary theories of racial attitudes have stated that two distinct forms of racism exist in America today–overt and covert. Recent studies have suggested that racial attitudes towards African Americans have become increasingly covert in their expression while overt racism has declined. However, racial attitudes towards other minority groups, such as Native Americans, have not been consistently studied in this regard. This study examined self-reported overt and covert racial attitudes of 55 White college students towards Native Americans and African Americans. The results showed higher levels of overt and covert racism towards Native Americans as compared to African Americans. Social desirability and socioeconomic status were not related to racial attitudes. Possible reasons for differences in the expression of racial attitudes between the two groups are discussed.
Does Making Salient Task Relevance to Group Affiliation Decrease the Performance of Male Athletes on Spatial Tasks?
Cathrine B. Balentine and Sheila Brownlow, Catawba College
ABSTRACT: We examined whether highlighting the similarities between the skills needed for sports and the skills used in Mental Rotation (MR) influenced male athletes' performance on spatial tasks. College men, half of whom were athletes, completed MR under two conditions: one which made explicit the analogous nature of the skills needed for both MR and sports, and one which did not. Unlike women in previous studies, male athletes did not underperform when the importance of the MR to athleticism was highlighted. We discuss the results in context of differences between men and women in responses to stereotype threat and in levels of self-confidence.
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A blueprint for high-volume, high-quality lung cancer screening that is detecting cancer earlier—and helping to save lives
Back in January, Massachusetts officials laid out some thoughts on how they could better coordinate care for people with dual eligibility, the poor and often seriously disabled population that can qualify for both Medicaid and Medicare. Encouraged by federal authorities to think outside the system, state officials focused on a chance to improve the care that these people receive while lowering costs by contracting with insurers, provider networks, accountable care organizations, and others that could create "integrated care organizations" and earn money on a capitated fee.
In the view of state officials, Massachusetts's 115,000 people ages 21 to 64 with dual eligibility could be assigned to a plan, but would have the right to opt out. In mid-November, the state signaled it was preparing to petition the federal government for the right to push ahead with the plan as another 14 cash-strapped states hatched their own proposals for people with dual eligibility. Allies and opponents are arraying themselves along the front lines in one of the most contentious issues in managed care.
Managed care companies, including UnitedHealth, have been champing at the bit for more than a year, arguing that plans are ideally suited to bringing together teams of health care providers to manage these patients. Skeptics, though, including powerful lobbying forces at the AARP and Families USA, see the potential for some MCOs to pay less attention to patient care than to their bottom line, with patients suffering in the tug-of-war between cost efficiencies and care mandates.
There is one point about this movement that just about all parties agree on: Caring for people with dual eligibility is one of the most expensive and daunting tasks in health care.
The Centers for Medicaid & Medicare Services has gathered figures demonstrating that people with dual eligibility make up only 16 percent of all Medicare members but account for 27 percent of the program's expenses. On the Medicaid side it's even worse, with people with dual eligibility totaling 15 percent of enrollees and 39 percent of costs. A solid majority suffer from multiple comorbidities, a well-known multiplier on the cost side. And 43 percent have a mental or cognitive impairment that further complicates care.
Add it all up, notes Emory University health care economist Ken Thorpe, and the country's 9 million people with dual eligibility will use up $230 billion in federal funds this year alone.
Experts in the field also note that there's some low-hanging fruit for efficiency experts to gather. One of the most frequently cited opportunities: a nursing home gambit in which patients repeatedly go through a revolving door to the hospital and back to the nursing home, which collects a higher Medicare payment for the first 100 days before the duals are covered on the lower Medicaid rate. The more round trips they engineer between the nursing home and the hospital, the better able they are to reap consistently high rates.
For federal officials, the issue came to a head during the health reform debate. Better management of people with dual eligibility is essential to the Obama administration's goal of reining in health care costs. So the administration handed out $1 billion to 15 states to study how best to handle this population. That prompted Massachusetts, under Democratic Gov. Deval Patrick, to turn to managed care solutions that offer to coordinate care and integrate coverage. Shifting people with dual eligibility from the fee-for-service system to managed care plans would save 2 percent of its $4 billion budget, according to state estimates. Other states have been studying the math.
Last year Simon Stevens, chairman of the UnitedHealth Center for Health Reform & Modernization, described a potential $1.6 trillion in savings over 25 years if the intensive care needed for people with dual eligibility could be better coordinated. UnitedHealth sees a direct role for itself in a field it's been active in for some time. "Clearly we have been working with states and the federal government for many years in both the Medicare & Medicaid populations and have experience with duals," says Tyler Mason, a spokesman for UnitedHealth.
Last September, Thorpe put together a report for America's Health Insurance Plans outlining how health plans are best situated to employ evidence-based care models to trim billions in unnecessary costs.
"Assuming states enrolled all people with dual eligibility into team-based care models, federal savings over the next 10 years would total $125 billion — clearly an upper estimate," Thorpe wrote. "States would save approximately $34 billion in Medicaid spending over the same 10-year period. These totals would be more consistent with a policy that would require people with dual eligibility to enroll in health plans and other care models. Use of opt-outs or other voluntary approaches would generate lower savings."
Thomas Johnson, CEO of Medicaid Health Plans of America, dangled $148 billion in projected savings in front of the congressional debt-reduction "supercommittee" recently, claiming that "combined payments would reflect anticipated savings achieved through a fully integrated program and states would be allowed to retain a portion of any realized savings to encourage their participation."
AHIP and its allies, though, find themselves lined up opposite a powerful alliance of patient advocacy groups who are digging their heels in hard against any sudden, wholesale shift to managed care.
"It's not that we are opposed to managed care in all circumstances for people with dual eligibility," says Marc Steinberg, deputy director of health policy at Families USA. "It is a tool in the toolbox. But it has to be done carefully."
People with dual eligibility are among the sickest of the poorest members of society, says Steinberg. "They don't have the ability to handle change very well, so you have to build in protections." Not all health plans looking to jump into the game have the experience or strategic focus that would make them good at it, he says.
"We get very nervous when we see large managed care companies with no experience saying 'Gosh, this looks like a very profitable line of business,'" says Steinberg.
One of the most outspoken opponents of handing Medicare money over to states to use for people with dual eligibility is Judy Feder, a noted professor of health policy at Georgetown University and a patient advocate at the Urban Institute.
"Our concern is that states would require enrollment, and it's unreasonable to have Medicare beneficiaries give up their Medicare right to choose their providers," says Feder. There's no broad evidence available to show that managed care plans in general are able to deal with this population.
Some groups, like Commonwealth Care Alliance, a not-for-profit organization that offers medical team support for very sick old people with dual eligibility around the clock, have done exceptionally well at reducing the hospitalization rate — one of the biggest areas for savings, says Feder. But where's the evidence that suggests that the average managed care plan can do the same?
Back in Massachusetts, advocates have managed to resolve some of the worries of provider groups. State officials have publicly assured providers that the new integrated care organizations would be able to negotiate provider rates. They would presumably start around Medicare levels and could rise above that, making physicians and hospitals much more supportive of the state's proposal.
A blueprint for high-volume, high-quality lung cancer screening that is detecting cancer earlier—and helping to save lives
ZULRESSO™ (brexanolone) injection CIV
Multiple Sclerosis: New Perspectives on the Patient Journey–2019 Update
Summary of an Actuarial Analysis and Report