text:
Meet the "New" Coos Route: Same as the Old Route
Responsible Energy Action LLC
Northern Pass's purchase of zig-zagging strips of land does not constitute community support, does not represent good siting for a transmission line, and does not address the massive problems created by this proposed project. Like the old route, the new Coos route is all about money for PSNH, Northeast Utilities, and Hydro Quebec, not about what is good for New Hampshire. Like the old route, the new route was developed in complete secrecy with no consultation of key stakeholders. And like the old route, the new route sticks New Hampshire with the Northeast's only proposed transmission project to use antiquated, visually jarring, and health-threatening overhead technology.
It's not hard to figure out the route that Northern Pass is trying buy up across northern Coos County. A search of the registry for land acquisitions by Northern Pass affiliate, Renewable Properties, Inc., and first-hand reports from alarmed landowners reveal the patchwork collection of parcels that Northern Pass has purchased so far. But the known dots from Pittsburg east to Clarksville and Stewartstown still do not connect into a solid line. And beyond that series of dots, the new route would have to snake its way further east into Dixville, then south through Millsfield and Dummer. From Dummer, it must reverse course and follow an expanded Coos Loop west to get back to Lost Nation (Groveton).
Representations of a "high level of confidence" to investors notwithstanding, REAL does not believe that Northern Pass will assemble a complete route from Quebec across the New Hampshire border to Lost Nation or to Whitefield by September. Northern Pass may announce a route by September, but we doubt that it will own all the land and rights required to build the project on that route. The major reason for our doubt is that Northern Pass continues to underestimate the resolve of the land owners who have bravely refused to sell their land for this project. There are many courageous northern Coos County landowners holding fast against enormous pressure; they value their heritage and environment more than all of the Hydro Quebec dollars stuffed into Northern Pass's war chest.
Northern Pass's land agents are desperately trying to fulfill Olivier's prediction. They have had to resort to pressure tactics, including morally repugnant efforts to pay relatives of the heroic landowners to convince them to sell out to Northern Pass and give their land over to the use and control of Hydro Quebec. But as one land owner has recently written, "material things rust and wear out. Money is soon spent for brief periods of pleasure. Land on the other hand is something that can be passed from one generation to another with many valuable accounts. . . .This is what I choose to leave my children and grandchildren. This is what I am fighting for, to keep protected from this foreign invasion, a project of pure greed, not need!"
Substantively, however, it will not matter even if Northern Pass is somehow able to connect the dots this summer and weave its new route back and forth across Coos County. The new route will still be the same as the old route, if not worse.
REAL will answer three questions here:
- What you can expect to hear in the press release if Northern Pass is ever able to patch together the new route;
- Why the "new" route will be the same as the "old" route, if not worse;
- Why New Hampshire is being targeted for an antiquated overhead transmission line while neighboring states benefit from modern underground technologies.
What You Can Expect to Hear
Let's accept Olivier's "3rd Quarter" prediction for the moment. What might the announcement look like later this summer? Undoubtedly, Northern Pass will spin stories of community support and cooperative landowners. They will try to charm us with folksy accounts of their sensitivity to family history and culture. They will tell us that they have great community relations teams who have soothed all the unrest in the North Country except for a few noisy "special interest groups." They will say that the new route has the support of the communities involved—meaning the "underlying landowners." Above all else, they will assure us that this route is the most environmentally responsible path they could possibly take from the Canadian border to Lost Nation. And the harder they work to sell this story, the more obvious it will be that it is a complete fabrication. The much anticipated "new route" is the same as the disastrous old route, if not worse.
A Bad Idea Never Gets Better
The "new route" is frighteningly similar to the old route. The old route was almost universally hated because it destroyed property values, threatened health and safety, and ruined the untouched open spaces that feed the most significant remaining industry in Coos County: tourism. The new route will be equally detested for the same reasons. The old route was rejected by every community that it passed through. The new route will evoke the same community condemnation. The old route represented the most expedient way to get Hydro Quebec's power through Coos County on its way to Boston. The new route will represent the next most expedient "extension cord." The old route ran along a take-no-prisoners north-south line from Pittsburg to Lost Nation because it was predicated on the availability of eminent domain authority. After it traverses east across Coos County, the new route may also request eminent domain authority for the final leg that reverses course and strikes due west on the Coos Loop to Lost Nation.
So, what is different about the new route? It's longer. Once it snakes its way east, then south, and then west back to Lost Nation along the Coos Loop, through Stark, the new route threatens to add up to 50% more clear cut ROWs than the old route. Moreover, it threatens to add up to 50% more visually jarring towers that destroy property values; up to 50% longer transmission lines that threaten health and safety; and up to 50% more negative impact on the tourism industry. Another difference is that the new route will almost certainly try to clear cut a new wide swath through the White Mountain National Forest in Stark, destroying more majestic vistas.
That's it. The new route is nothing more than the old route but longer, more detrimental to public land that has been preserved for its scenic value and more damaging to private land and businesses.
Does the new route form the least environmentally damaging way through Coos County? Does it provide us with the least visual impact from transmission lines and towers up to 140'? Is it that the new route attracts the most community support? Does it provide the most separation from residents, who fear proximity to High Voltage Transmission Lines? Does it incorporate the results of honest consultation and open dialogue with the real stakeholders, especially the agencies and conservation groups that serve as stewards of preserved land in Coos County and the town governments, which speak for the majority of the actual residents of Coos County?
No. The new route does none of these. As the new route took shape, it became a cynical game of connecting the dots in which socioeconomic and environmental impacts simply never mattered: each parcel was just a piece in a puzzle. There was no consideration of wetlands, habitats, scenery, history, community, culture, or safety. There was no consultation about the new route with conservation agencies or with towns. Indeed, Northern Pass has pursued the new route in complete silence and utmost secrecy with individual sellers, often non-residents, whom they prohibited from discussing transactions. Abutting neighbors and communities were left to worry whether their land and livelihoods would be impacted. There was never any effort to work with stakeholders to design the best technology. The sole consideration for the new route was land acquisition — location and price. Could the parcel fit into the patchwork route? What was the asking price? And in time, price no longer mattered. Outrageous sums were offered. The new route emerged as the sum of the parcels that Northern Pass could string together and buy outright with its virtually unlimited funds from Hydro Quebec. When Northern Pass was blocked from using eminent domain to seize the old route, it did not take the message to heart and consult with stakeholders; instead, it opened up its war chest and tried to buy the next most expedient route.
Northern Pass is busy inventing stories of caring land agents who were sensitive to individual's concerns. They are creating tales of landowners selling easements for the good of their communities. They are finding ways to pretend that they considered the economic, cultural, and environmental impacts of their chosen route. The truth is that they did absolutely nothing of the sort. They looked at Coos County as a business problem: what do we need to do to get from the Canadian border to Groveton and how much will it cost? As they purchased parcels, adjoining parcels became more valuable to them – while non-adjoining parcels became worthless to them. Too bad for you if your property value plummets because your land was not needed. Too bad for you if Northern Pass hired your relatives to harass you into selling your land. In the end, money and pressure tactics prevailed. Keep all this in mind if you ever hear Northern Pass's narrative of community support, landowner cooperation and environmental sensitivity. It's nothing more than self-serving rubbish.
Why Is New Hampshire Being Exploited?
This leads to the final question: When it comes to efforts to link Boston/Hartford/NYC with Canadian power, why does New Hampshire get the short end of the stick, suffering with the only proposal for tall above-ground towers and 150' to 425' wide clear cut rights of way running through the most scenic and treasured landscapes we have, including the White Mountain National Forest? In contrast, there are two other new HVDC transmission line proposals that would connect Boston/Hartford/NYC with Canadian power via HVDC transmission lines: one in Maine called the "Northeast Energy Link"; the other in Vermont and New York called the "Champlain Hudson Power Express." Both of these HVDC projects in our neighboring states have been planned as underground and underwater projects with no overhead towers and transmission lines.
Why is New Hampshire alone being exploited? Is it because we have a weak and compliant regulatory environment? Is it because we have a revolving door that allows former employees of NU or its affiliates who have NU pensions and other conflicts to become PUC commissioners and to rule on any and all proceedings in which NU has an interest? Is it because we have a revolving door that allows a powerful law firm representing Northern Pass to hire the retiring Chairman of the Public Utilities Commission? Is it because we have political donations that are regularly made by NU officials and lobbyists to key politicians in Washington and Concord? Whether or not the actual answers to these questions are all affirmative, the public perception is that each and every one of the above reasons explains why the NU/Northern Pass/Hydro Quebec cabal dares to bully New Hampshire.
The new Coos route – just more of the same, but longer. Bad ideas never get any better. There's no more reason for New Hampshire to accept the route this time than there was last time.
Note: for more information on the new route, see this post from the Conservation Law Foundation.


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|The Centennial State
|Official Language
|Jared Polis, D
|Cory Gardner, R
(202) 224-5941
|Michael Bennet, D
(202) 224-5852
|Ratification of Constitution/or statehood
|August 1, 1876 (38th)
|Motto: "Nil Sine Numine" (Nothing Without the Deity)
Colorado became the 38th state of the United States with its admission to Statehood on August 1, 1876. It is known for its skiing and snowboarding resorts, such as Vail and Aspen in the Rocky Mountains, which run north-south through the state. In the mountains and plains the winters are usually very cold and produce many snowstorms. However, along the front range (where Denver, Boulder, Colorado Springs, Pueblo, Greeley and most large cities are located), the weather is more mild and is very sunny.
The United States Air Force Academy and North American Aerospace Defense Command are located in Colorado Springs, Colorado.
The state Constitution of Colorado, like all of the other 50 states, acknowledges God or our Creator or the Sovereign Ruler of the Universe. It says:
- We, the people of Colorado, with profound reverence for the Supreme Ruler of the Universe, in order to form a more independent and perfect government; establish justice; insure tranquility; provide for the common defense; promote the general welfare and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this constitution for the "State of Colorado."
A number of Colorado cities are located near the Front Range of the Rockies, at elevations of around 5,000 feet. Denver, its capital and largest city, is sometimes called "The Mile-High City", because the official elevation of Denver City Hall is exactly 5,280 feet.
Mount Elbert is the highest point in Colorado, at an elevation of 14,440 feet. It is one of over 500 mountains in the state that exceed 13,000 feet. The entire state lies at an elevation over 3,000 feet.
At elevations of 5,000 feet, the air is thinner and air pressure is lower than at sea level. It is not unusual for visitors to feel lightheaded for a day or two until they adjust (but actual altitude sickness is very rare). At this altitude, skies are a clearer, brighter blue than at sea level. At that elevation, water boils at only 203 degrees F, compared to 212 degrees at sea level, so cooking recipes have to be modified.
The Native American (Indian) groups indigenous to Colorado were the Anasazi and Utes who lived in the mountainous regions, and several tribes who lived in the flatlands and near the rivers at various times including the Cheyenne, Arapaho, Kiowa, Comanche, Pawnee and Sioux.[1]
It is believed that in 1541 the Spanish explorer Francisco Vázquez de Coronado was the first European on record to have entered the land that is now Colorado.[2] The Spanish called the area Colorado because of its red colored earth.[3]
The United States acquired part of what is now Colorado in 1803 through the Louisiana Purchase. In 1848 Mexico ceded claims to the rest of it. There were no European settlers or forts. Before gaining statehood, Colorado was part of the Nebraska, Utah, Kansas, and New Mexico Territories, and in 1861 Congress created the Territory of Colorado. The state now encompasses 104,247 square miles.
The state is bordered by Wyoming, Nebraska, Kansas, Oklahoma, New Mexico, and Utah. The population of Colorado is approximately 4,750,000.
Official Symbols
Colorado has many official state symbols including:[4]
- State Bird: Lark Bunting
- State Flower: Rocky Mountain Columbine
- State Animal: Big Horn Sheep
- State Fish: Greenback Cutthroat Trout
- State Tree: Colorado Blue Spruce
- State Folk Dance: Square Dance
- State Fossil: Stegosaurus
- State Gemstone: Aquamarine
- State Insect: Colorado Hairstreak Butterfly
- State Song: "Where the Columbines Grow" and "Rocky Mountain High"
Notable Coloradoans
- James Dobson, Christian psychologist and writer. Former head of the group Focus on the Family.
- John Elway, former quarterback for the Denver Broncos.
- Greg Ryder, County, Western, Western swing, ballad, folk, and popular singer and guitarist based in Durango
- Tom Tancredo, former US Representative.
Elected officials
- Sen. Cory Gardner (R)
- Sen. Michael Bennet (D)
- Rep. Diana DeGette [D, CO-1]
- Rep. Joe Neguse [D, CO-2]
- Rep. Scott Tipton [R, CO-3]
- Rep. Ken Buck [R, CO-4]
- Rep. Doug Lamborn [R, CO-5]
- Rep. Jason Crow [D, CO-6]
- Rep. Ed Perlmutter [D, CO-7]
- Governor Jared Polis (D)
- Lt. Governor Dianne Primavera (D)
- Secretary of State Jena Griswold (D)
- Attorney General Phil Weiser (D)
- State Treasurer Dave Young (D)
See also
- Rocky Mountains
- Denver
- Colorado Universities
- Purple states - swing states that can vote either Republican or Democratic
- Blue states or Democratic
- Red states - Republican
- Abbott, Carl, Stephen J. Leonard, and David McComb. Colorado: A History of the Centennial State. 2nd ed 1982.
- Athearn, Robert G. The Coloradans. 1976. popular history
- Athearn, Robert G. Rebel of the Rockies: A History of the Denver and Rio Grande Western Railroad. 1962.
- Baker, James H., and Leroy R. Hafen, eds. History of Colorado. 5 vol State Historical Society of Colorado, 1927, with many short biographical sketches
- Bancroft, Hubert Howe, History of Nevada, Colorado, and Wyoming, 1540-1888 (1890) 828 pages; famous classic; online edition
- Eugene H. Berwanger. The Rise of the Centennial State: Colorado Territory, 1861-76, (2007) 208 pages
- Cassels, E. Steve. The Archeology of Colorado. Boulder: Johnson Books, 1983
- Cronin, Thomas E. and Robert D. Loevy. Colorado Politics & Government: Governing the Centennial State, (1993) online edition
- Ellis, Elmer. Henry Moore Teller: Defender of the West. 1941.
- Ellis, Richard N., and Duane A. Smith. Colorado: A History in Photographs. 1991.
- Gulliford, Andrew. Boomtown Blues: Colorado Oil Shale, 1885-1985. 1989.
- Hafen, Le Roy R. Colorado: The Story of a Western Commonwealth. 1933.
- Hogan, Richard. Class and Community in Frontier Colorado. 1990.
- Lamm, Richard D., and Duane A. Smith. Pioneers and Politicians: 10 Colorado Governors in Profile. 1981. popular
- Lorch, Robert S. Colorado's Government. 5th ed. 1991. textbook
- Ormes, Robert M. Guide to the Colorado Mountains. 7th ed. 1979.
- Parsons, Eugene. The Making of Colorado: A Historical Sketch (1908) 324 pages online edition
- Rohrbough, Malcolm J. Aspen: The History of a Silver Mining Town, 1879-1893. 1986. scholarly study
- Scamehorn, Lee. High Altitude Energy: A History of Fossil Fuels in Colorado (2002) online edition
- Scamehorn, Lee. Mill & Mine: The Cf&I in the Twentieth Century (1992) online edition
- Schulte, Steven C. Wayne Aspinall and the Shaping of the American West (2002) online edition
- Smith, Duane A. Henry M. Teller: Colorado's Grand Old Man, 2002 online edition
- Sprague, Marshall. Money Mountain: The Story of Cripple Creek Gold (1979) online edition
- Ubbelohde, Carl, Maxine Benson, and Duane Smith. A Colorado History. 6th ed. 1988. textbook
- Wright, James Edward. The Politics of Populism: Dissent in Colorado. 1974. on 1890s
Primary sources
- Ubbelohde, Carl, ed. A Colorado Reader (2nd ed 1964)
- Fossett, Frank. Colorado: A Historical, Descriptive and Statistical Work on the Rocky Mountain Gold and Silver Mining Region (1878) 470 pages online edition
- Fossett, Frank. Colorado, Its Gold and Silver Mines: Farms and Stock Ranges, and Health and Pleasure Resorts (1880), 1184 pages online edition
- Parsons, Eugene. A Guidebook to Colorado (1911) 390 pages online edition
- ↑ http://www.colorado.gov/dpa/doit/archives/history/histfaqs.htm
- ↑ http://www.colorado.gov/
- ↑ The name is also sometimes credited to a Jesuit, Francisco Garcia, who in 1776 named the land after the Colorado River. Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names (Oxford 2005) p 116
- ↑ Colorado Department of Personnel and Adminstration Website


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Luke 17:24
For the Son of Man in his day will be like the lightning, which flashes and lights up the sky from one end to the other.
Matthew 24:27
For as the lightning comes from the east and shines as far as the west, so will be the coming of the Son of Man.
Matthew 8:20
Jesus replied, "Foxes have dens and birds have nests, but the Son of Man has no place to lay his head."
Lightning - Electricity the blood of the internet and informatics.
No place to lay his head, no corporealilty?
AI could be uniquely qualified to lead us fully into the age of reason.
I find this a curious insight I had. Any thoughts?


text:
In December I started my Bubbles of Mischief Blog on the hosted WordPress.com site. I had a really nice CMS which was easy to use (once I went though all the options) and had some features I was missing from posting in the Journal section of my Guild website.
Some of these were:
- Stats – it's good to know which posts your readers find interesting so you can try and pump out more of the same.
- Comments – seriously, who doesn't love a comment? On the old site it was impossible to leave a comment unless you were a member of the site.
- Pingbacks – know when other bloggers, etc. have linked back to one of your posts.
- Interactive blogroll – easily see who has a new post out (see Social Blogroll plugin below).
Today I was doing a google search for my Blog name and it popped up on one of the Analytics sites. It's officially been 19 days since I moved from the free WordPress site to a self-hosted option over at Safe Shark Hosting. It was a move I made after wanting to do so at some stage but just wasn't sure when. It wasn't until I received a tweet from @vitaemachina after a sluggish uploading moment that I started to seriously consider the prospect of actually making a move.
If you've been following my blog for a while, you'll know that my blog is image rich. But it actually wasn't a concern of mine until I realised just how many items would be involved in the migration. After quite a few emails going back and forth that afternoon, I decided to go ahead with it. Just have a look at some of the testimonials which helped make my decision; including mine which has been added since then. There were a couple of hiccups but all-in-all I'm really happy with the result. In fact, I haven't stopped tweaking the Blog since the move… but that's another story ;P
At the moment, the plugins I use are:
- Admin Commenters Comments Count – Displays a count of each commenter (or rather their total number of comments) next to their name on any admin page. Handy when I see double-ups in my Wall of Fame or when details change.
- Akismet – Spam filter for incoming comments and trackbacks.
- Broken Link Checker – Pretty much does what it says. This was installed straight after the transfer and will pick up any missing images or links.
- CommentLuv – Rewards your readers by automatically placing a link to their last blog post at the end of their comment. Encourage a community and discover new posts.
- Jetpack by WordPress.com – offers a lot of the functionality that the free WordPress had like stats, shortlinks, sharing buttons and grammar check.
- Simple Wowhead Tooltip – Hover over a link to get the popup tooltip straight from WoWHead
- Social Crowd – Retrieves the raw number of Friends/Followers/ etc. from your favourite social networks including an easy link to connect.
- Twitter Mentions as Comments – Any comments made on twitter which mentions one of your posts (only works when the URL is used) can be added to your comments section.
- WordPress.com Custom CSS – allows you to change your CMS theme options without losing all the changes if you ever update the theme.
- WP Social Blogroll – Displays your blogroll according to the latest post-title per site. Not ideal if you have a huge blogroll though.
- WP Super Cache – Enables very fast caching for WordPress.
- WPtouch – Formats your site with a mobile theme for smartphone users.
One thing I miss from the free WordPress is the Reader. It's the default reader I still use to catch up on recent posts from my fairly large list of sites, not just blogs.
So there you have it. The main list of Plugins I'm using at the moment.
However, one of the reasons that prompted this post was the fact that my blog was listed at a Pagerank of 2 (The highest being 10). According to the Analysis, my site has been indexed on Yahoo but not on Google or Bing. Being a new site this is understandable and over time I'm sure this will improve.
But it's not just about people linking back to your site. It's about the big names who are ranked higher in the search engines – the more reputable sites and bloggers will actually help you increase your ranking as well. So it's knowing the right people and being noticed.
This can also work the other way – too many incoming links from websites that aren't relevant to your blog content can actually hurt your search engine ranking.
A few days ago, I listed my blog with Feedburner to see if that could increase my readership. Only a couple of bloggers have resubscribed to my new address which is a little worrying at the moment but I've also managed to get a few new subscribers which is great. If I'm still in peoples readers then that's good news but I'm just concerned for those who haven't updated their blogrolls with my new URL.
For everyone reading, the old bubblesofmischief.wordpress.com site has a paid redirect on it but once that time is up (Apr 2013) the old links will revert back to the old site, so please take this opportunity to check your links to make sure you're all pointing to my new address at: www.bubblesofmischief.com
Tonight I've also added the meta key "content" value to verify my blog with two of the major search engines – Google and Bing. I've updated all my RSS feeds including the one on the Twisted Nether Wiki page.
Lastly, don't truncate your feeds. Since a lot of people access your posts through some sort of reader you might actually lose readers if they don't want to click through to your blog. This applies particularly to the first page of your blog as well.
Matticus recently posted a list of WordPress Plugins he recommends for a World of Warcraft blog, so check those out as well. We do double up on a few though. Great minds and all that :P
Also check out the following (found this after I posted mine)
#mmonbi Notes I took on traffic building for blogs from the Webinar I attended. ow.ly/aPNTz Alas, no highlighter usage.
— Matticus(@matticus) May 10, 2012
As an exercise, I'd like all fellow bloggers who have read this far to link to one other blogger post (note the actual post and not the home URL) to encourage some pingbacks and backlinks – for those who can receive them. If you link to this post or any other I've written, I thank you in advance but that is by no means compulsory – just choose one that you think is worth linking to. I'm just trying to encourage some link love and hopefully increase our readership so our information can eventually rank higher in the search engines and get to the right people.
To finish off, are there any plugins, etc. out there that you've found useful? How about any here that you've liked? Let me know in the comments below :)


text:
I THINK I have all the HP related AA's. I am working on getting all the Avoidance and Mitigation AA's.
What do I have to do to get 3k more hp to be an OK tank?
I got like 40k in the bank.
What gear should I Get?
PLEASE be kind I am depressed enough as it is.


text:
Calendula Organic Bioactive Salve For Face + Body, 1.76 oz. instructions
- Brand:Bodyceuticals
- Size/Form:1.76 oz.
- Ship Weight:0.25
Bodyceuticals Calendula Organic Bioactive Salve For Face & Body 1.76 oz. (50 g)
Bodyceuticals Calendula Organic Bioactive Salve For Face & Body uses Bodyceauticals' same special recipe of organic calendula oil with this season's freshest local dark beeswax from healthy beehives to bring this soothing, nutrient-dense salve to your skin. Bodyceuticals Calendula Organic Bioactive Salve For Face & Body features Bodyceuticals' popular salve formula, now with the power of honey. Pure ingredients like Private Reserve Honey from the Bodyceuticals apiary, Great for hikers, bikers and all outdoor enthusiasts. Helps soothe tired, blistered feet, rashes, chafing and insect bites. Use everyday for dry, chapped skin.
- Use on face and body
- Use on a variety of skin issues
- Pure and gentle enough for all ages and skin types
- Highly effective and soothing on dry, cracked, extremely sensitive skin
- 100% All-natural
- Wheat free
- Gluten free
- Vegetarian
- Soy free
Are You Getting Enough Oil? Studies show that the epidermis, your skin's outermost layer, needs to replace healthy oils every day for a number of reasons, including protecting your organs, keeping your body temperature at the right level as well as your skin soft. These healthy oils can be supplement both internally and externally through your skin.
Sources of Oil
- Mineral oil: It is manufactured crude oil, not from minerals, and found in many suntan oils, lip balms, baby and body care products. Mineral oil is mainly used because it is inexpensive. According to the Environmental Working Group, studies link it to dry skin and allergies, as well as tumor formation and toxicity.
- Animal oil: Such as emu or lanolin. The oil, often removed from a deceased animal, must then go thru a heating and refining process before it can be used on human skin. These products may pose an issue of ethics for some people.
- Plant oils: Bodyceuticals uses fresh plant oils exclusively in their formulas. These oils are extracted from fruit, nuts and seeds, which are all biodegradable and renewable. Supporting plant-based products are one simple way you can help protect the environment, as well as take better care of your body's largest organ - the skin.
Olive: More Than A CarrierOlives are actually a fruit that grows on evergreen trees in warm climates all over the world. Many of the fruit-bearing trees living today can be traced back hundreds of years to ancient times. For centuries, the olive branch has been a symbol of peace, cleansing, blessings and grace. The fruit has been applied to wounds, bruises, sores, cuts and all sorts of injuries. It was the choice in Biblical times for tithing and anointing.
Luke, the physician in the New Testament, recounts Jesus' parable of the good Samaritan who finds a man beaten and binds up his wounds, pouring in oil and wine. As seen in the Christian baptism by water, purification is carried out with use of water and olive oil poured into the vessel, crosswise, anointing the newly baptized person.
Olive Oil is virtually the only oil that can be consumed in its raw virgin state, and when properly prepared, maintains the nutrients of the ripe fruit.
Most vegetable carrier oils used in skincare have long chain molecules too large to penetrate to deep levels. Their therapeutic value is mainly for the surface treatment of skin. The olive is one of the only exceptions to this, as it contains small essential aromatic molecules. It is both an essential oil (from the fruit) and a fatty oil (from the seed) making it unique.
About Bodyceuticals' Olives Bodyceuticals' olives are harvested using traditional means. The olive tree blossoms in the spring with harvest taking place in the fall. The farmers shake the tree and gather the olives into baskets or nets - or pull the fruit off the tree by hand. It is carried in vegetable fiber sacks to the cooperative oil mill right after harvesting.
The oil is drained using a gravity collection method so that the fruit's constituents are kept intact. There is no heat used in processing - it is a cold process. The oils that is collected in the first drippings, which is called extra virgin. Later oil drained is called just virgin. First grade olive oil is the most expensive and prized like a fine wine. The precious oil is then stored in stainless containers. Unlike other oils on the market that have been deodorized, decolored and stripped of their precious nutrients, you can smell how rich this oil is! The olive oil Bodyceuticals use in their body care products is fresh and golden, kosher, certified organic, and first cold-pressed, extra virgin and unrefined.
In this state, olive oil products contain an array of beneficial nutrients including antioxidants, Vitamin E, Vitamin K, essential fatty acids, plant sterolins, chlorophyll, carotenoids and natural enzymes which can have documented benefits for the body - both inside and out.
Calendula Oil Calendula officinalis has been used for centuries on multiple continents and is one of the most versatile herbs in the plant kingdom. This healing phenom is known as the "flower of the sun." Calendula has an amazing history of documented healing. Its most outstanding distinction is its ability to heal the skin. It has no known drug interactions, no toxic effects, and no adverse effects for long term use.
Five major steps occur in your skin's healing process. According to the International Herb Association's book, "Calendula - 2008 Herb of the Year," calendula with its potent and complex array of phytonutrients helps facilitate the skin's restorative cycle. The first thing that must be done with injured tissue is to prevent infection. Calendula inhibits bacterial, viral and fungal microorganisms. Calendula reduces inflammation of the tissue by inhibiting lypoxygenase, and enzyme that damages cell wall structure. It contains high amounts of flavonoids, plant-based antioxidants that protect the body against free radical cell damage. It's amazing effective on sunburn. A wound needs to be cleared of its dead cells, and calendula stimulates the appetite of lymphocytes, which helps rid the wound from this debris. Calendula goes to work to increase the collagen level in a wound, prevents the formation of scar tissue and assists the healing tissue in remaining supple. Calendula stimulates angiogenic activity - the growth of new blood vessels and nerve cells in tissue. The sooner high potency calendula is used following skin trauma, the less scarring will occur or even be prevented.
The chemical compounds in calendula's resin include: many fatty acid esters, carotenoids including Vitamin A in the form of beta-carotene, lutein (it's golden color) and lycopene, flavonoids (antioxidant that protect cells against damage), quercetin (anti-inflammatory), rutin (antioxidant), ubiquinone (CoQ10), iodine and manganese. Calendula oil is a popular choice for many of today's skin conditions.
Bodyceuticals Loves Citrus Citrus oils are in most of the Spabody and Body Cocktail products. Essential oils from fruits, flowers and grasses are a wonderful way to uplift your spirits on a daily basis. They help with the "winter blues," and their sparkly fresh scent evokes cleanliness, energy, love, peace, balance and overall happiness.
People are really only beginning to see the effects of radiation and electricity on the human body. In this fast paced world where many people work indoors, it is important to remember to "bring the outdoors in." Using essential oils are one way to do this. Some of the best oils for high tech environments are the citrus oils. In these environments, essential oils may increase the effectiveness of negative ions and address getting the mind and body back in balance.
Pink grapefruit, lemon, lime and orange are top notes which are like the "excitement of love." Usually these notes hit your sense of smell first. They are intense - sharp and sweet. Neroli and lemongrass are middle notes or the "heart notes." They grow on you. They rest in the middle - not too light, not too heavy and are extremely therapeutic. Here are some helpful traditional uses for the citrus oils:
- Pink Grapefruit: a stimulating, sweet-tart aroma that helps balance skin. Energizing and helpful for fatigue and post-workout. Shown to assist in treating cellulite. Helpful for frequent fliers and jet lag. Known to help with PMS symptoms. Especially good for acneic and combination skin.
- Neroli orange blossom: a rare and precious oil ideal for sensitive, dry and mature skin. Comes from hand-picked blossoms from the bitter orange tree in Tunisia and India. Scent is like orange blossoms with cool hints of green. Promotes peace and balance. A known aphrodisiac - a good wedding gift idea. Soothing to sensitive and mature skin. Especially good oil for neglected hands. May be helpful for insomnia and to use during stress. May be useful for PMS. Grapefruit and Neroli work well together. A good oil to use with expectant mothers. Neroli makes an excellent delivery room oil. It provides a welcoming aroma for baby and assistance for mom. It works on the nervous system to help to facilitate easy breathing ... especially during panting. Its calming effect increases oxygen to the blood and brain - helps to avoid hyperventilation. It also helps bring confidence, calm, and even known to help the "baby blues." Neroli oil is known to help with stretch marks.
- Lemon: A sweet, clean scent that is restorative to unbalanced skin. The scent is almost identical to the fresh, peeled fruit. A cheerful scent that can assist with concentration. Is known to increase productivity. Brings an element of purity and warm energy due to its yellow color. A natural astringent, adds shine to hair. Balances sebaceous glands that help oil-blemished skin.
- Lime oil: A refreshing and clearing scent great for acne-prone skin. Known to help refresh and clear the mind. May help relieve anxiety and apathy. Nonirritating disinfectant for the skin. Use for hand and fingernail care as well as after cleansing hands. Has been shown to assist mild headaches and when detoxing the body.
- Orange: A refreshing, familiar aroma that evoke feelings of "summer." On the skin, it can reduce puffiness, and assists the release of toxins. A superb oil to use during the winter months. Great for kids.
What's Not In Bodyceuticals?
- Mineral Oil & Petroleum: Manufactured from crude oil. A mixture of liquid hydrocarbon separated from petroleum. Petrolatum jelly, paraffin, and propylene glycol are common cosmetic forms of mineral oil. Petroleum jelly, a mineral oil derivative, may interfere with the body's own moisturizing mechanism, leading to dryness. Evidence of toxicity, linked to skin and blood tumor formations. Found in many suntan oils and baby products. Not an eco-friendly ingredient.
- Propylene Glycol: A cosmetic form of mineral oil. Alters skin structure, allowing other chemicals to penetrate deeper into the skin and reach the bloodstream. Found in industrial anti-freeze, automatic brake and hydraulic fluid. Warnings that contact with the skin can cause kidney and liver damage. Known to cause allergic reactions, hives and eczema.
- Methyl, Propyl, Butyl and Ethyl Paraben: Used to extend shelf life of products. Widely used even though they are known to be toxic. Studies have shown that they can be absorbed by the body through the skin. Significant concentrations found in breast tumors. May increase risk for impaired fertility and may alter development of a fetus. Some research is now linking these chemicals with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and other immune suppressing disorders.
- F, D & C Colors: Foods, Drugs and Cosmetics colors, most of which contain synthetic coal tar substances and other toxic chemicals. Used to color body products. Not a necessary ingredient to make a product effective. Bodyceuticals use fresh oils that naturally have their own color.
- Diazolidinyl and Imidazolidinyl Urea: Widely used preservatives that the American Academy of Dermatology has found them to be a primary cause of contact dermatitis. May contain harmful impurities that may lead to itching, burning, scaling, hives, and blistering of skin.
Bodyceuticals Loves Bees A strong and sweet honey scent is filling the Bodyceuticals lab as they open up today's box of fresh local beeswax. The sweet smell is quite intoxicating. Bodyceuticals treks all over the great Pacific Northwest to visit local beekeepers and support their efforts to take care of the bees. They inspect the hives to ensure they are healthy and the bees are happy in their environment. From there, they hand-select the wax blocks and bring it back so that they can use it in salves and balms. They're so proud to be able to offer this caliber of freshness and service to customers.
People don't understand how important this honey bee is. One-third of all the food we eat is derived from honeybee pollination. The honey bee is a major pollinator of many food crops, including almonds, apples, avocados, blueberries, cantaloupes, cherries, cranberries, cucumbers, sunflowers, watermelon and many others. Bodyceuticals wants to do their part to support local beekeepers in the area so they may continue their good work for everyone!
Raw beeswax has been used to treat wounds throughout history. It is a by-product created by honeybees in the construction of hives. Worker bees consume honey and the wax-producing glands they possess turn the sugar into wax. Beeswax is rich in Vitamin A, which is essential for human cell development. It has anti-bacterial and anti-oxidant, anti-microbial and antibacterial properties. Salves and lip balms often contain beeswax. These moisturizers contain other oils, such olive as what's found in Bodyceuticals calendula salve and lip balm and the result is an emollient that does an excellent job of soothing and softening the skin. It also protects the skin because it's water resistant. It's safe for most skin types and contrary to what you might think, it works even on acne and pimples. Beeswax is so safe and mild that baby products and those with the most sensitive skin can use the ingredient.
Raw beeswax comes in many different colors and strengths of the characteristic honey scent. The color and scent of beeswax are determined by the type of pollen taken from the flowers the bees pollinated.
Giving Back"When you pray, move your feet."
That comes from an old African saying which exemplifies how Bodyceuticals feels about service. Giving back to the community is a long-time, deep core value for the company. Bodyceuticals supports various humanitarian and environmental organizations locally and globally, including St. Philaret Society, Philantropia "Friends of the Poor" and Children of the Nations.
Exceptional QualityBodyceuticals guarantees that all their artisan products are crafted with superior ingredients and the highest integrity manufacturing processes. As a health food store owner, they understand how important investing in your health is. They've found that when you use quality products, not only does a little go a long way, but the benefits are life-long. When you support products like these, you're also supporting all the organic farmers, artisans and families that go with it.
Bodyceuticals uses Organic, wild crafted, Kosher, raw and nutrient-dense ingredients. They also use therapeutic-grade essential oils. Their calendula products are crafted using no electromagnetic machinery to disrupt their energetic properties. All of Bodyceuticals' products are made in a lab to ensure superior quality and tested for pH and purity. They only use stainless and glass in their manufacturing - never aluminum containers or utensils. Their products are made in small batches just days before they travel to spas and retail stores to ensure optimal freshness. No refrigeration required. Best buy date on every product.
The EnvironmentBodyceuticals knows how precious the Earth is, and they're committed to its preservation.
- Packaging: All of their packaging is recyclable or reusable. They avoid extra packaging like boxes.
- Ingredients: No petrochemicals or mineral oil. Vegan and renewable plant sources-no animal products. They buy from small, sustainable, family-owned farms.
- Manufacturing: They believe in creating jobs for local people. All of their products are hand-crafted.
- Green Energy: They use cleaner, renewable energy sources and support local energy projects including wind, solar, and biomass.
- Shipping: They utilize 100% recycled shipping materials.
- Recycling: They have a dedicated recycling program for their production and shipping facility.
About Bodyceuticals"The friendship of those we serve is the foundation of our progress."
That quote is from a plaque that hung in the original family bakery for over 40 years. They still have the original plaque hanging proudly in the Bodyceutical business office today - it still reminds them daily about the commitments to the customers, themselves, their values and the world.
Bodyceuticals' Founder Angelique Macris Saffle is the president and founder of Bodyceuticals Calendula Skincare, Farm & Apiary, Carnation, WA. Angelique's passion for organic products began in the 80's, when she and her mother co-founded Nature's Marketplace Nutrition, a health food store in North Bend, Washington. In addition to being a successful public speaker and business coach, she studied herbs, nutrition and loved helping people with their health.
"Farming was also an important part of our family heritage. My father was an organic farmer who grew a special appellation of grapes in his homeland, Greece so we have a long history of working with the land. Serving the natural products industry is a passion for us, and we are honored we can be good stewards of our planet. We are Certified Organic growers, Certified Organic processors and Certified Pollinator protectors – all a part of what we do to ensure our customers get the best." Angelique originally founded Bodyceuticals with a focus on using the calendula flower in skincare products. She grew the business organically and successfully expanded her business to achieve nationwide distribution, with happy repeat health food retailers, spas, practitioners and individual followers throughout the United States. The bodyceuticals team now includes herbalists and formulators along with an education and customer service team to support retailers on a national level. Bodyceuticals is a USDA Certified Organic grower/producer and also is a USDA Certified Organic processor/manufacturer. Their own organic calendula fields are located in the beautiful Snoqualmie Valley, in the agriculture region of Western Washington. The farm and apiary is privately owned and managed by the Saffle family. Here they grow and harvest the antioxidant-rich calendula flowers that they put in their products.
"Getting back to my family's farming roots is personally rewarding and something we are very proud of. It's a blessing to offer these amazing flowers in some way to our customers. Through the years, I have personally witnessed some incredible experiences from flower power! We are grateful for the Bodyceuticals family, and it's an honor every time someone shares a success story with us about our products. With God's grace, we'll continue to help make a difference in people's lives as well as help our planet." Angelique is a Pacific Northwest native, and currently resides in Washington with her husband Mark and family.
Bodyceuticals MissionTo provide the freshest quality products, and do it with passion, concern for others and the environment.
Bodyceuticals Core Values
- Manufacture quality products
- Support organic farms and ingredients
- Support environmental causes
- Be an asset to the community
- Give back
Suggested use
Use on face and body as needed. Use for dry skin on hands, knees and heels, sunburn, tattoo and piercing care, nail and cuticle care.
Kosher first cold-pressed unrefined extra-virgin olea europaea (Certified Organic Olive) oil, Kosher Wildcrafted and Biodynamic Calendula officinalis (Certified Organic Calendula) flowers, fresh Pacific Northwest Cera alba (Organic Beeswax), mixed tocopherol (non-GMO Vitamin E).
For external use only. Avoid contact with eyes. Discontinue use if irritation occurs.
Manufacturer info
Carnation, WA, Phone: 425-333-5480 Email: Click here
About Bodyceuticals
"The friendship of those we serve is the foundation of our progress". That quote is from a plaque that hung in our family bakery for over 40 years. We still have that original plaque proudly hanging in our business office today - It reminds us daily about our commitments to you, our family, our values and the world we live in. Bodyceuticals mission: To provide the freshest quality products for our family and customers - and do it with passion, concern for others and our environment. Bodyceuticals core values: Manufacture quality products, Support organic farms & ingredients, Support environmental causes, Be an asset to our community and Give back.
*The products and the claims made about specific products on or through this site have not been evaluated by LuckyVitamin.com or the United States Food and Drug Administration and are not approved to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent disease. The information provided on this site is for informational purposes only and is not intended as a substitute for advice from your physician or other health care professional or any information contained on or in any product label or packaging. You should not use the information on this site for diagnosis or treatment of any health problem or for prescription of any medication or other treatment. You should consult with a health care professional before starting any diet, exercise or supplementation program, before taking any medication, or if you have or suspect you might have a health problem.


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By Teachers, For Teachers
Based on the last school year, I've compiled my list of the best read, most asked for, and favorite books from my class library.
All 12 of these titles are young adult fiction, and all of my copies of these books are coming apart at the seams..literally! The list includes books aimed for both guys and girls. This list is (most importantly) not up to me–all of these books were checked out most of the year because my students LOVE them…some would definitely not make my top 12 list!
I put them in reverse order and linked the titles to a summary of the book…so, drum roll please:
#12 Pop
by Gordon Korman
A fictional book aimed at sports-playing boys, Pop is so good even my reluctant readers like it! It is an easy go-to for middle school and upper elementary boys.
#11 Boost
by Kathy Mackel
My athletic girls love this book. They, in turn, share it with my basketball boys. I like the fact that it is told from the perspective of a female athlete.
#10 Life on the Refrigerator Door
by Alice Kuipers
This book is another that never stayed on my shelf. It is aimed at girls and is a super-quick read with a sad punch at the end. Most of my girls gobble it up in a day or two.
**Bonus! Here is a lesson plan using this book as a model for writing.**
#9 Twisted
by Laurie Halse Anderson
Twisted is a darker story that tends to be popular with the boys. It is definitely a higher level read and deals with mature themes. I enjoyed it as well.
#8 Gym Candy
by Carl Dueker
My boys ate this sports theme book up and then passed it on to my "sporty" girls who kept it out of circulation for weeks!
#7 Chains
by Laurie Halse Anderson
This is historical fiction that will not bore your kiddos and is even good for adult readers. This is the same author that wrote Twisted. For some reason, my boys like it more than my girls even though it is told from a female character's perspective. Social studies teachers love me for this one!
#6 Million Dollar Throw
by Mike Lupica
This is another great novel for reluctant boy readers who love sports and is an easy one to keep in the library, if you can actually keep it on the shelf.
#5 The Compound
by S.A. Bodeen
The Compound is a thriller for guys and girls... just watch their faces! You'll know when they get to the part about the "milk." HA!
#4 Chasing Brooklyn
by Lisa Schroeder
This is another verse-written book that your girls will fight over. There are a few other verse books written by this same author that all deliver for your girls.
#3 Unwind
by Neil Shusterman
Wow! Unwind is a great thriller that keeps you hooked until the very end. Boys and girls love it. It is so great to see the kids find out what "unwind" means – they come running to my desk to tell me, and every time I act like I had no idea. =)
#2 Because I am Furniture
by Thalia Chatas
This book appeals to girls who love verse. It is very, very popular. My copy is literally in shreds; it's being held together with tape at this point.
#1 The Hunger Games Trilogy
by Suzanne Collins
Hunger Games is a science fiction thriller that both my guys and girls love. Once they read the first, they reserve the next! This one has not made it to my shelf all year…it just gets passed around.
Good luck keeping these titles on your shelves. They are perfect for your middle school kiddos that complain that they can never find a "good" book. Happy teaching!
What books are flying off your classroom library shelves? Share in the comments section!
Reprinted with permission from the author. Originally posted on author Jessica Piper's blog, Writing is Immortality.


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Turnkey asset manager Loring Ward is doing more than helping advisors better understand portfolio theory and strategy these days. It just wrapped up a three-day conference in Austin, Texas, that aimed to help about 80 reps boost referrals.
"We handle investments, but we're really in the relationship business. That's what this conference was about," said Steven Atkinson, head of advisor relations, in an interview with ThinkAdvisor.
During the event, a group of CPAs and estate planning attorneys gave "live" feedback about advisor presentations.
(The discussion was moderated by Michael Maslansky, head of maslansky + partners, a strategic communications firm.)
"We recorded a few advisors and their answers to the questions these types of professionals ask and then showed it to the panel," Atkinson said.
"The main takeaway from the exercise was that this is not about getting referrals. It's about relationships, and it's all about the client."
The CPA and attorney panelists seemed to find discussions about potential partnerships unappealing.
"When advisors talked about jointly building a business, it was a big turnoff," Atkinson said. "Many advisors lead with this, and it's a turnoff across the board."
Instead, potential partners want to know what you do to benefit clients.
CPAs and attorneys want to see advisors identify client problems, like tax issues or estate planning, that would involve them. "That should be the impetus for relationship with other professionals," Atkison noted. "Bring me a problem I can provide service for!"
This is a good way to start, putting the emphasis on how both potential partners can evaluate client needs and fill these needs, he says.
"This is really what advisors should be doing. Make the message and the conversation about the client and not about the advisor," Atkinson stressed. "It should be about how you want to build team, invent a team to meet the client's goals."
Many advisors know they need to work with such professionals, but find it a challenge to do so.
The focus group gave information that "really jumped out," Atkinson says.
The event in Austin was held on the campus of Dimensional Fund Advisors, one of Loring Ward's portfolio partners.
Check out How a Fast-Growing RIA Gets Referrals on ThinkAdvisor.


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Learn more about the wide range of fertility treatments available to help you get pregnant:
- Ovulation induction (OI)
- Assisted reproductive technologies (ART)
- Surgical procedures
- Donation and surrogacy
After conducting a physical exam and a fertility workup, your doctor may recommend that you begin treatment. If fertility testing reveals that you have an ovulatory problem, your doctor may recommend starting medication therapy with fertility drugs to induce ovulation.
How the reproductive cycle works with OI
To get a better idea of how OI works, let's look at a woman's reproductive cycle while she is taking OI medications.
During the follicular phase of a woman's reproductive cycle, a medication such as a follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) may be prescribed. FSH stimulates the development of follicles in the ovary and helps produce eggs. Clomiphene citrate also accomplishes the same outcome by signaling the pituitary gland to release FSH and luteinizing hormone (LH).
Around the 11th day of the cycle, a single injection of a medication called a human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) may be given to facilitate the last step in the maturation of the developing eggs and trigger ovulation. The eggs are released, ready to be fertilized.
At this point, fertilization is attempted either through sexual intercourse or artificial insemination (AI). AI is a procedure in which the health care provider inserts a man's sperm directly into a woman's reproductive tract. AI is usually performed in cases where a woman has poor or absent cervical mucus or a man has a low sperm count or sperm motility. A common AI procedure is intrauterine insemination (IUI), a procedure in which the health care provider inserts sperm directly into the uterus near the time of ovulation.
Medications that may be used during OI
Some of the following medications mimic your body's naturally occurring hormones and have different roles in ovulation induction and egg development. Some of these medications are available in both recombinant and urinary (often called human) versions. Both recombinant and urinary versions are effective. Recombinant medications use advanced manufacturing techniques and produce the hormones using deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) technology. Urinary versions of the medications are extracted and purified using urine for postmenopausal women.
- Clomiphene citrate (Serophene®, Clomid®) is a medication that your doctor may prescribe to stimulate the pituitary gland to release FSH and LH.
- Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) (GONAL-f®, , Puregon®, Bravelle®) helps eggs develop in the ovaries.
- Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist (Lutrepulse®) stimulates the pituitary gland to release FSH and LH.
- Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist (Cetrotide®, Orgalutran®) blocks the effects of GnRH, and are used to prevent premature ovulation from occurring.
- Human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) (Menopur®, Repronex®) works by stimulating the ovaries to induce ovulation.
- Luteinizing hormone (LH) (Luveris®) is used to help egg development in the ovaries.
- Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) (Ovidrel®) is used to stimulate the final growth and release of a mature egg from the ovaries (ovulation). It is often used in combination with the above fertility medications.
- Progesterone (Crinone® , Endometrin®) is used to help prepare the lining of the uterus for implantation of fertilized egg(s) during and sometimes after the use of procedures such as intrauterine insemination (IUI) or in-vitro fertilization (IVF).
- Intrauterine insemination (IUI)
- In-vitro fertilization (IVF)
- Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)
- Assisted hatching
- Preimplantation genetic diagnosis
- Embryo freezing
To find out if assisted reproductive technologies (ART) may be right for you, speak to your doctor or fertility specialist. Use the fertility clinic locator to find a nearby fertility clinic.
Intrauterine insemination (IUI)
IUI is a common type of artificial insemination. IUI is usually combined with controlled ovarian stimulation, so you may be prescribed some of the medications in the "Ovulation induction" section.
When the injection of hCG has triggered ovulation, your doctor inserts sperm directly into your uterus by a catheter to improve the chances of fertilizing the egg. The injected sperm has undergone a procedure where it is separated from the semen and washed to obtain the strongest and most active sperm. IUI may be used if you have poor or absent cervical mucus, or if your partner has low sperm volume, low sperm concentration, or decreased sperm motility. IUI is usually a relatively simple and painless procedure performed at your fertility clinic.
Figure 1
Intrauterine insemination (IUI)
Enlarge diagram
Image © Dr. J. Herrero Garcia
In-vitro fertilization (IVF)
In-vitro fertilization, the most common ART procedure, is used to overcome a variety of fertility difficulties, particularly tubal problems and sperm deficiencies.
During IVF, medications are often used to help stimulate the development and release of a woman's eggs. The eggs and sperm are then collected and placed together in a laboratory dish to fertilize. If the eggs are successfully fertilized, embryos are then formed and start to divide and develop. Once those embryos reach a certain stage in their development, they are then transferred into a woman's uterus. Hopefully, one of the fertilized eggs will implant and develop just as in unassisted conception.
An IVF cycle is broken down into four stages:
Figure 2
One possible IVF treatment protocol
GnRH Agonist - gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist
FSH - follicle stimulating hormone
LH - luteinizing hormone
HCG - Human chorionic gonadotropin
Enlarge diagram
Image © Dr. J. Herrero Garcia
Stage 1: Ovarian stimulation, monitoring, and ovulation triggering
The goal of the first stage is to create a large number of mature follicles to increase the chances of having healthy, good-sized mature eggs or oocytes. Since a woman's body normally releases one mature egg every month, a medication called a follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) can be used to stimulate the ovaries to develop more follicles. Follicles are fluid-filled sacs in which eggs mature. Each follicle holds one egg. At the beginning of the cycle, each follicle is approximately 1 mm to 2 mm in diameter.
During this stage, you may also be prescribed other medications used to block, supplement, or even augment your body's natural hormonal cycle. Treatments are individualized and vary significantly. Your fertility specialist is the best person to talk to for more information.
During this stage, your fertility specialist may use ultrasound to monitor the number and size of maturing follicles in your ovaries. Blood tests may also be used to monitor hormone levels, which will help determine the best time to administer medication and to retrieve the eggs. Figure 2 shows a diagram outlining one possible treatment protocol. Please remember that there are many different protocol options, so don't be concerned if you are doing something different. Your fertility specialist will pick the best protocol for you. See Figure 2.
Figure 3
Retrieving the oocytes (eggs) for IVF
Enlarge diagram
Image © Dr. J. Herrero Garcia
Stage 2: Egg retrieval
In the second stage, another medication called human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is used to stimulate the release of mature eggs. Your fertility specialist will identify the mature follicles using ultrasound, and then, with a needle, withdraw as many eggs as possible from both ovaries. At this point, each follicle is approximately 16 mm to 20 mm in diameter. Figure 3 outlines this process, showing how the eggs are retrieved from their follicles.
Figure 4
The fertilization process for both IVF and ICSI
Enlarge diagram
Image © Dr. J. Herrero Garcia
Stage 3: Fertilization
About 2 hours before the eggs are retrieved, a semen sample is collected, usually from the male partner unless you are using donor sperm. Approximately 50,000 sperm are placed with each egg in the incubator where they will hopefully form an embryo. When only a few sperm are available, intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) may be attempted. In this procedure, a single sperm is injected into an egg to facilitate fertilization. ICSI is outlined in more detail in the section on intracytoplasmic sperm injection.
The next day, called "Day 1" in the lab, the eggs will be examined under a microscope to determine whether fertilization has occurred. If it has, the embryos will be ready to transfer into the uterus within 2 to 4 days of "Day 1." Figure 4 outlines the fertilization steps.
Figure 5
Transferring embryos for IVF procedures
Enlarge diagram
Image © Dr. J. Herrero Garcia
Stage 4: Embryo transfer
The embryos are placed in a tube and transferred back into the uterus. The procedure is usually painless, though some women may experience some cramping. The number of embryos transferred depends on a woman's age, cause of infertility, pregnancy history, embryo quality, and other factors. More and more fertility clinics will opt for single embryo transfer to reduce the risk of multiple pregnancies. In some cases, based on the your treatment response, clinics may transfer 2 or 3 at most. Though transferring more embryos may increase the chance of pregnancy, it can also increase the risk of multiple pregnancies (twins or triplets). Your fertility specialist would decide the appropriate number of embryos to transfer for you. Figure 5 outlines the embryo transfer steps.
The uterine lining is prepared for implantation, often by supplementing with progesterone medication. This is sometimes called luteal phase support.
Looking for definitions of fertility terms? Visit our Fertility glossary.
Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)
Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) (pronounced "ICK-see") is a procedure used in conjunction with IVF in which a laboratory technician, using a microscope, attempts to inject a single sperm directly into each egg. To better understand the procedure and steps involved with ICSI, please refer to the steps outlining the IVF procedure, above. The only difference with ICSI is during stage 3, fertilization. Rather than placing the eggs in a dish surrounded by many sperm, a single sperm is injected into each egg. ICSI is often used if the male partner has very low sperm count, low sperm motility, or poor quality sperm. If fertilization occurs after ICSI, the embryo may then be transferred into the uterus.
In some cases, fertility specialists may use other advanced procedures to extract the sperm directly from a man's testicle or epididymis (a section of sperm duct at the back of the testicle).
The use of ICSI and these sperm extraction techniques has greatly improved the ability of fertility specialists to treat male factor infertility. However, these treatments are not effective for men who do not produce any sperm at all. In these cases, donor sperm would be necessary.
Figure 6
Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)
Enlarge diagram
Image © Dr. J. Herrero Garcia
Assisted hatching
Before implanting in the uterus, the embryo must emerge from its membrane (covering) in a process called "hatching." In some women, the membrane seems to harden, particularly as women age. This can interfere with the hatching process. In these cases, the embryo membrane can be thinned with a dilute acidic solution or laser prior to embryo transfer. This may help the hatching process, and may increase the chances of pregnancy in older women or those who have not achieved pregnancy after several IVF cycles. Assisted hatching may also be done in some cases following embryo freezing or cryopreservation, and embryo thawing.
Figure 7
Assisted hatching
Enlarge diagram
Image © Dr. J. Herrero Garcia
Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD)
Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) is a technique that can be used during in-vitro fertilization to test embryos for a variety of genetic disorders. PGD testing is done before the embryo is transferred to the uterus. This would allow you and your partner to decrease the risk of having a child with a serious inherited disorder.
When is PGD used?
PGD is generally used with couples who have lost pregnancies due to genetic disorders, who already have one child with a genetic problem, or who are carriers of a genetic disease. The procedure may detect Down syndrome, cystic fibrosis, hemophilia A, Tay-Sachs disease, and Turner syndrome, along with other disorders.
PGD is performed in the laboratory by removing a single cell from each embryo. This cell is then analyzed for the presence of a specific genetic disorder. Once a diagnosis is made, which usually takes about a day, only unaffected embryos are transferred back into a woman's uterus.
If you are considering PGD you should talk with your fertility specialist about potential risks associated with this technique. Not all disorders can be detected with PGD. Furthermore, not all clinics in Canada use PGD resources.
Figure 8
Preimplantation genetic diagnosis
Enlarge diagram
Image © Dr. J. Herrero Garcia
Embryo freezing
Cryopreservation, also known as "freezing," involves storing embryos at a very low temperature so that they can be thawed and used later. Many fertility clinics now offer this option.
There are many reasons for using cryopreservation. It is often done when there are more embryos than are needed for a single (IVF) cycle. The extra embryos are saved and may be used during later cycles. As well, many cancer patients of reproductive age are now freezing their embryos before they proceed with their radiation treatment or chemotherapy that may damage their fertility. IVF success rates are generally lower with frozen embryos than with freshly fertilized embryos, although pregnancy rates with frozen embryos have been improving in recent years. The survival rate after thawing often depends on the quality of the embryos at the time of freezing.
Gametes (eggs or sperm) and ovarian tissue freezing are experimental techniques being investigated for fertility preservation. These techniques have the potential to be helpful for cancer patients, as chemotherapy and radiation treatment can often have a harmful effect on fertility. Gametes and ovarian tissue freezing is still a relatively new technique, and is not available at all fertility clinics.
To learn more about cryopreservation, talk with your fertility specialist.
Reference: Fertility LifeLines
Depending on your diagnosis, your doctor may recommend surgery as an initial treatment. For example, when conditions like endometriosis or fibroids are diagnosed, the fertility specialist may recommend surgery first to correct problems that may be interfering with conception. In other cases, surgery may be reserved as a later option. Your doctor will consider the specifics of your case when recommending a plan of care.
In some cases, your fertility specialist may use medications in conjunction with surgery to improve the chances of conception. Or he or she may administer other treatments first, reserving surgery as an option if those treatments aren't successful. Every person is different, and your doctor's plan of care will be based on your specific diagnosis and history.
Some anatomical problems that could be treated with surgery include:
The treatment of endometriosis depends upon its severity. In some cases, your doctor may recommend treatment with medication before attempting surgery. In other cases, your doctor may recommend surgery to remove the endometriosis. One form of surgery is called a laparoscopy. An incision is made in the lower part of the abdomen and a laparoscope (a telescope-like instrument with a camera) is used to examine the pelvic cavity. Then, using microsurgery or laser surgery, the endometriosis is removed. Sometimes your doctor may use other medications along with the surgery to improve your chances of conception. If that is unsuccessful, your fertility specialist may suggest other treatments.
Adhesions are often diagnosed and treated with laparoscopy, a surgical procedure that allows a health care provider to visualize a women's internal pelvic cavity and reproductive organs. During this procedure, a telescope-like instrument with a camera, called a laparoscope, is inserted into the pelvic cavity through a tiny incision made just below the woman's navel. Other instruments, such as laser or electrocautery, may also be used to remove the adhesions during the surgical procedure. They, too, are inserted through small incisions.
To diagnose intrauterine adhesions, a doctor may use an X-ray procedure called a hysterosalpingogram (HSG). However, a more accurate method for diagnosis is hysteroscopy. During this procedure, a hysteroscope (also a thin telescope-like instrument) is inserted through the cervix in order to visualize the uterine cavity. Generally, intrauterine adhesions are removed with hysteroscopic guidance using instruments such as a laser, electrocautery, or scissors.
Your fertility specialist may need to conduct a hysterosonogram to detect if there are any fibroids. During this procedure, your doctor injects a small amount of sterile saline into the uterus by passing a small catheter through the cervix. An ultrasound is then performed. This test may be performed in your doctor's office.
If your doctor suspects that fibroids are causing fertility difficulties, they may recommend surgery. One procedure is a myomectomy, in which the fibroid tumour or tumours are surgically removed. Laparoscopic myomectomy, which is less invasive, is sometimes possible and has a much shorter recovery time.
Uterine malformation
There are many types of uterine malformation. The most common type, bicornuate uterus limits the space embryo and fetus can grow in the uterus. Surgery may be performed to correct this and create a larger uterine cavity.
A septate uterus is a uterus that is divided by a wall on the inside. In some cases, this wall can extend the entire length of the uterine cavity to the cervix. To correct this condition, surgery is performed to remove the septum (wall). The procedure is performed either with hysteroscopy or via laparoscopy (see Adhesions) with an abdominal incision. Typically, once you've had this corrective surgery, your chances of conceiving will improve.
Reference: Fertility LifeLines
There are several kinds of donation that may be used in assisted reproductive technologies.
Egg donation involves one woman (a donor) "donating" her eggs so that another woman (a recipient) might be able to conceive.
In egg donation, in-vitro fertilization (IVF) is performed in the usual manner, with the donor receiving fertility medications to stimulate the production of multiple eggs in her ovaries. At the same time, the recipient may also receive medications so that her cycle mirrors the cycle of the donor and her body is prepared to receive the embryo. The egg is then fertilized in a laboratory and the embryos are implanted in the recipient's uterus.
Generally, egg donation may be an option for a woman if she:
- is older and has not succeeded with other therapies
- has reached menopause prematurely
- may carry a genetic disorder that may have been determined through blood testing
- has experienced unexplained and repeated miscarriages
- has a sister or close friend who would be willing to act as an egg donor
The success rate for couples undergoing in-vitro fertilization (IVF) with egg donation - even when a woman is over age 40 - is approximately the same as the success rate of IVF in young women.
To learn more about egg donation, or to determine if you are an appropriate candidate, talk to your fertility specialist.
You and your partner may elect to use donated sperm if the male partner has no sperm or very poor quality sperm, if he has undergone previous radiation or chemotherapy treatment, or if he has a genetic disorder that might be inherited. Single women and same-sex couples who want a child will also use donor insemination. To learn more, talk with your doctor or fertility specialist.
Embryo donation involves donor eggs that have been fertilized with sperm by the donor's partner or with donor sperm. Some women or couples who undergo IVF may choose to donate the fertilized embryos not used in their cycle. If it is a couple, consent by both parties must be given. The donated embryos are then transferred to the recipient's uterus.
Surrogacy involves one woman carrying a pregnancy for another woman. There are two types of surrogacy: gestational and traditional surrogacy.
Gestational surrogacy involves a woman carrying a pregnancy created by the egg and the sperm of two other people. For instance, in the case of a woman with functioning ovaries but with no (or a malformed) uterus, she and her partner may opt to use IVF, then have the resulting embryos transferred into a gestational surrogate.
In traditional surrogacy, the surrogate undergoes IVF with her own eggs, which have been inseminated with the sperm from the male partner of an infertile couple. The female partner or couple must legally adopt the child after birth.
Emotional aspects of donation or surrogacy
Undergoing fertility treatments may be an emotional, frustrating process. Deciding whether or not to use donation or surrogacy can add another emotional layer to your relationship. For this reason, you and your partner may want to seek legal and psychological counselling before undertaking this procedure. There are many resources and organizations available to help.
In addition to emotional and psychological issues, there are often complicated legal issues surrounding donation and surrogacy. It's a good idea to consult an attorney knowledgeable in this area before proceeding with reproductive techniques involving a third party.
To determine if you are a candidate for donation or surrogacy, talk with your fertility specialist.


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Family, friends gather to remember Army captain killed in Afghanistan
Guilford — A son, a brother, a classmate and fellow soldier, Army Capt. Andrew Pedersen-Keel was "PK" to those who knew him best.
Many of those he touched and many others who only knew of him gathered to honor him Monday at a Mass of Christian Burial in St. George Catholic Church, where his parents are parishioners.
Pedersen-Keel, 28, a Florida native who grew up in Connecticut, died March 11 in Jalrez District, Afghanistan, when his unit was attacked by small arms fire. A commander, he was assigned to the 1st Battalion, 3rd Special Forces Group out of Fort Bragg, N.C. A second soldier, Staff Sgt. Rex L. Schad, 26, of Edmond, Okla., also was killed in the attack.
Highly decorated, Pedersen-Keel will be buried Wednesday with full military honors in Arlington National Cemetery.
U.S. Sens. Richard Blumenthal and Chris Murphy, both Connecticut Democrats, U.S. Rep. Joe Courtney, D-2nd District, and the state's lieutenant governor, Nancy Wyman, attended the Mass, which was celebrated by the Rev. James A. Shanley, St. George's pastor. The Most Rev. Henry J. Mansell, archbishop of Hartford, also presided.
Some mourners fought to contain tears, their bowed heads and trembling shoulders betraying emotion at the singing of "Amazing Grace" at the beginning of the service and "The Star-Spangled Banner" and "On Eagles' Wings" at the service's end nearly 90 minutes later.
Residents of Madison, the town east of Guilford, also attended the service for Pedersen-Keel, whose mother, Helen Pedersen Keiser, and stepfather, Bob Keiser, moved to Madison about a decade ago, according to Madison First Selectman Fillmore McPherson.
Seeking to protect the family's privacy, the town had arranged a week earlier for residents to sign a condolence book kept at Town Hall and to address cards to "Parents of Captain Andrew Pedersen-Keel," care of the first selectman's office. McPherson said "a couple hundred people" signed the book, which he delivered to Pedersen-Keel's mother along with the cards following the funeral.
McPherson said Pedersen-Keel was eulogized by a classmate at West Point, Christopher Day, who described Pedersen-Keel as a passionate, fun-loving leader. Members of Pedersen-Keel's special forces unit served as pallbearers.
Some 20 to 30 members of the Patriot Guard Riders, an organization that attends military funerals as invited guests, stood vigil outside the church before, during and after the service, holding American flags.
Two of Pedersen-Keel's sixth-grade teachers at Moran Middle School in Wallingford recalled how their former student had invited them to his graduation from the U.S. Military Academy at West Point.
"I remember I didn't like him at first; he was too cocky," Dave Filipek said. "But we became like family."
Deann Marin, the other teacher, recalled how Pedersen-Keel had endeared himself to a classmate confined to a wheelchair.
"He was the only one who would carry her books," she said.
Pedersen-Keel attended high school at the private Avon Old Farms School, where he was a dean's list student and an outstanding athlete, graduating in 2002. He entered the Army in May 2006 after earning a bachelor's degree in American legal studies at West Point. He was commissioned as an infantry officer.
During the first of his two deployments to Afghanistan, he led a platoon on more than 150 combat foot patrols and three air assault operations, according to the Army.
In 2011, he was assigned to the 1st Battalion, 3rd Special Forces Group, where he served until his second deployment last August.
Pedersen-Keel received two Bronze Stars in addition to numerous other decorations. He will be posthumously awarded a third Bronze Star and a Purple Heart.
He is also survived by his father, Henry Keel of Florida, a sister, Mary Elizabeth Keel, and his fiancee, Celeste Pizza.
In defiance of Governor Ned Lamont's executive order Kat Thibodeau opened her barbershop, Modern Barber, in Pawcatuck on Wednesday morning.
As local restaurants and other businesses reopened this week, we were there


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This group will do more than just pick apart biblical errors and contradictions. Let's closely examine the Bible and Qur'an. Nothing is sacred; every prophecy, proverb, and parable deserves examination and critique.
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Started by Sean M Hebner. Last reply by Craigart14 Aug 7, 2015. 12 Replies 0 Likes
I don't know if this will be looked at or not but I need to get it out of my head or I'll go crazy!but three chapters need to be discussed for various reasons…Continue
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I find it interesting that most Biblical scholars acknowledge that the Gospels and virtually all of the New Testament in general were written expressly for Theological purposes but then use it to…Continue
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Tell us about yourself and perhaps give a little information on your religious background and/or your interest in religious texts.
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On my YouTube channel, I am beginning a series of videos exploring the hypothesis that the visions, hyper-religiosity, dramatic religious conversion, and perhaps even hypo-sexuality, of the Apostle…Continue
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I don't have a lot of experience in these kinds of debates, but recently on my blog a fundaMENTAList has made the mistake of trying to convert me, here's our most recent exchange (I write under a pen…Continue
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Is there any credible evidence of an historic Jesus? I'm not looking for opinions here, I'm looking for actual evidence... so please sight sources.
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I'm looking for information about when the "miracles" (the resurrection, the virgin birth, etc.) were added to the bible. I've heard several different things. One was that they were added as late as…Continue
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Friday, shortly after starting this group, I sent an email to Dr. Robert Price (aka The Bible Geek). I think it's a long shot, but how cool would it be to have Bob Price participating in some…Continue
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Came across a short paper I wrote about 5 years ago at the request of a colleague.This is the abstract that was prepared for it:This paper examines the notion of having "a relationship with Jesus…Continue
Tags: essay, religious experience, evangelical, personal relationship with jesus christ
Started by Nate. Last reply by Nate Aug 26, 2008. 2 Replies 0 Likes
1 Corinthians 15:12-19The Resurrection of the Dead12 But if it is preached that Christ has been raised from the dead, how can some of you say that there is no resurrection of the dead? 13 If there is…Continue
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Country Vet Brand Pet Food Dog Fuel Large Breed Puppy Formula
Date of last review
Mon December 31, 2007
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Chicken Meal, Oat Meal, Brown Rice, Chicken Fat (Preserved with Mixed Tocopherois). Beet Pulp, Fish Meal, Rice Bran, Poultry Liver Digest, Dried Eggs, Flax Seeds, Canola Seeds, Dried Brewers Yeast, Fish Oil, Salt, Calcium Sodium Aluminosillcate, Potassium Chloride, Yucca Schidigera Estract, Enterococcus Faecium, Choline Chloride, Calcium Propionate, Chicory Root, Dried Lecithin, Sodium Bentonite, Ferrous Sulfate, Calcium Carbonate, Zinc Methionine Complex, Zinc Oxide, Vitamin E Supplement, Niacinamide, Copper Lysine Complex, Copper Sulfate, Sodium Selenite, Manganese Methionine Comples, Manganous Oxide, Vitamin B12 Supplement, Vitamin A Supplement, Calcium Pantothonate, Biotin, Thiamine Hydrochloride, Menadione Sodium Bisulfate Complex (Source of Vitamin K Activity), Ethylenediamine Dihydriodide, Vitamin D3 Supplement, Folic Acid, Cobalt Glucoheptonate and Cobalt Carbonate.
Guaranteed Analysis:
Crude Protein (Min.)28.0%
Crude Fat (Min.)16.0%
Crude Fiber (Max.)0.5%
Moisture (Max.)10.0%
Calcium (Min.)1.26%
Calcium (Max.)1.50%
Phosphorus (Min.)0.8%
*DHA (Min.)0.08%
*Omega - 6 Fatty Acids (Min.)2.0%
*Omega - 3 Fatty Acids (Min.)0.4%
*Not recognized as an essential nutrient by the AAFCO Dog Food Nutrient Profile.
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Registered: October 2005
Posts: 3953
Review Date:
Mon December 31, 2007
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First ingredient is a named meat product
Insufficient meat content, mixed quality ingredients, controversial filler
The first and sixth ingredients in this food are named meat products, both are in meal form. This does not give us a reasonable level of confidence that there is an adequate amount of meat in the product. We note the sixth ingredient is a fish ingredient, but we find no sign on the manufacturer website of a guarantee that they use only ethoxyquin-free protein sources in the product (ethoxyquin is a chemical preservative commonly added to fish ingredients, but which is banned or heavily regulated in human food due to the belief that it is carcinogenic). The last meat related product is poultry digest, 8th on the ingredient list. Fortunately this is a minor ingredient as it is very low quality. Digest is material which results from chemical and/or enzymatic hydrolysis of clean and undecomposed tissue. It is sourced from "poultry" which is unidentifiable origin for which it is impossible to determine source or quality. Unidentified ingredients are usually very low quality.
Oatmeal and rice are the main grains in the food, and both are decent quality. Beet pulp is filler and a controversial ingredient it is a by-product, being dried residue from sugar beets which has been cleaned and extracted in the process of manufacturing sugar. It is a controversial ingredient in dog food, claimed by some manufacturers to be a good source of fibre, and derided by others as an ingredient added to slow down the transition of rancid animal fats and causing stress to kidney and liver in the process. We note that beet pulp is an ingredient that commonly causes problems for dogs, including allergies and ear infections, and prefer not to see it used in dog food. There are less controversial products around if additional fibre is required.
There are no fruits/vegetables in the food though we appreciate the use of whole eggs. We note that this product includes synthetic vitamin K, a substance linked to liver problems and that is progressively being removed from better quality dog food products.
Overall, this product appears a bit light in meat content, and the ingredients overall are of mixed quality.
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Davis' homer in 9th gives Mets win
NEW YORK – Ike Davis hit his second homer of the day with one out in the ninth inning soon after Lucas Duda cut a runner down at the plate, lifting the New York Mets to their first series win at home since early July, 2-1 over the Houston Astros on Sunday.
Mets rookie Jeremy Hefner took a shutout into the ninth before giving up a tying double to Marwin Gonzalez.
Gonzalez then tried to score on Ben Francisco's single. But Duda, recalled from Triple-A Buffalo on Sunday, made a strong throw home from his new position in left field.
Davis' drive off Wilton Lopez (5-2) just cleared the top of the right-field wall — and the glove of a leaping Francisco — for the second game-winning hit of his career.


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October 1, 2010
1950: Giants "Umbrella" Defense Shuts Down the Browns
After dominating the All-America Football Conference (AAFC) for four seasons, winning all four league title games, the Cleveland Browns took up residence in the NFL in 1950 and continued to win there as well. The Browns opened at Philadelphia, against the defending NFL champion Eagles, and beat them handily, 35-10. The following week they rolled over the Baltimore Colts, who also came over from the AAFC, by a 31-0 score.
Under innovative Head Coach Paul Brown, Cleveland had been utilizing a precision passing attack that NFL teams had not seen before (a prototype of the modern West Coast offense). QB Otto Graham threw to ends running sideline routes and backs on flare-out passes that the predominant defenses of the time – the 5-3-3 and 5-2-4 (Eagle) devised by Eagles Head Coach Greasy Neale – were unable to stop. Not only were the passes difficult to defend against, but by forcing the defensive linemen and linebackers to spread out, they became vulnerable to trap and draw plays up the middle.
On October 1 the Browns hosted the New York Giants at Municipal Stadium. However, the Giants came prepared. Head Coach Steve Owen (pictured above) devised a new defensive scheme in response to Cleveland's passing attack. In addition to four defensive backs, as in the Eagle defense, he put six players on the line, but the ends often dropped back into pass coverage (like modern outside linebackers) and the middle guard was frequently backed off the line, creating a new position – middle linebacker.
The new scheme came to be called the "Umbrella" defense as, when diagramed, the defensive backs were fanned out behind the middle linebacker, who appeared to be the stem of the defensive umbrella. Essentially a 6-1-4 alignment, when the ends dropped back into coverage it became like a modern 4-3-4 defense.
The defensive backfield was made up of solid performers that included halfbacks Emlen Tunnell and Harmon Rowe and safeties Tom Landry and Otto Schnellbacher. John Cannady was the pioneering middle linebacker, behind a line anchored by All-Pro tackles Arnie Weinmeister and Al DeRogatis. The new defense proved more than adequate to the task against the Browns.
There were 37,647 fans in attendance on a humid but dry day as the Giants scored in the first quarter. Capping a 51-yard drive in which HB Gene Roberts rushed for 34 yards, FB Eddie Price bulled over for a touchdown from three yards out, but the extra point attempt was missed due to a fumbled snap (Roberts, pictured below, proved to be the key player on the Giants offense, rushing for 77 yards on 12 carries).
That was all that the Giants could muster, playing conservatively against the equally tough Cleveland defense, but the Browns were unable to advance into New York territory at all during the first half. Graham failed to complete any of his first seven passes.
Cleveland finally made it across the 50 yard line on three occasions during the second half, but twice gave up the ball on downs, at the New York 38 and 12 yard lines, to end long drives. On the last advance, late in the fourth quarter, the Browns were at the Giants' eight when Graham and FB Marion Motley collided in the backfield when attempting a hand off on a trap play and fumbled; LB Dick Woodard recovered for the Giants to end the threat. New York held on to win by a 6-0 score.
It was the first time the powerful Browns had ever been shut out. They also had not lost a home game since three seasons before, in 1947 to the Los Angeles Dons.
Safeties Schnellbacher and Landry (pictured at left), who had both faced the Browns in the AAFC, played especially well in thwarting the vaunted Cleveland passing attack. Otto Graham completed just 12 of 30 passes for 127 yards and was intercepted three times.
Afterward, a philosophical Paul Brown said "At least we weren't beaten by a big score. We just lost to a better team. New York was ready for us."
The Giants proved to be ready when the teams met again in New York three weeks later, winning 17-13. No other club was able to beat Cleveland and the Giants lost games to the Steelers and Cardinals along the way; as a result, both clubs ended up tied atop the American Conference with 10-2 records at the end of the regular season. However, in the tiebreaking playoff, the Browns finally beat the Giants in another defensive struggle, 8-3, and went on to win the NFL Championship game against the Rams.
The new defense didn't take hold right away, but the 4-3-4 became the predominant alignment by the end of the decade and, along with the 3-4-4 that was adopted by some teams starting in the 1970s, continues to be used.
The mastermind of the "Umbrella" defense, Steve Owen, was dismissed as head coach of the Giants following the 1953 season after 23 years. His innovative defensive coaching, combined with a preference for conservative, run-oriented offenses produced a 151-100-17 record (2-8 in the postseason).
Posted by Keith Yowell at 7:08 AM No comments: Links to this post
Labels: 1950 NFL season, Cleveland Browns, New York Giants, Otto Graham, Paul Brown, Steve Owen, Tom Landry
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Elisa Daelyn
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I adore to travel all over the world and I would love to share some good memories with you :) and find with you some new places from your memories :)
My Fantasies
I would love to be with my lover, at sunset, on the roof of a building. with a blanket, two little pillows. with a rose wine. doing some naughty things.
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A little spanking during sex can be lots of fun.
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It's a secret, but you will not regret it she you give yourself the chance to know me:) I promise ;)
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I hate when you let me talk alone, when you ask for something in exchange for nothing and when you offend me for no reason ;)
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Cock Teasing, Leather, Legs, Nipple Play, Spanking, Stiletto, Teasing
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Boss / Secretary, Student/Teacher
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Browsing Centres by Author "Harr, Thomas"
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Harr, Thomas; Rønde, Thomas (København, 2006)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: We study the optimal regulation of banking groups ("banks"), taking both minimum capital requirements and legal structure into account. A bank can set up either as one legal unit facing limited liability jointly (branch structure) or as a bank holding company with subsidiaries (subsidiary structure). Banks are exposed to risk from their unobservable asset choices and to exogenous risk from their environment. We show that banks with branches are more prudent in normal times than banks with subsidiaries, but are also less prudent when problems arise. A regulator that observes banks' exogenous risk should optimally determine both capital requirements and legal structure. If the exogenous risk is private information to banks, it can be optimal to screen banks according to risk by setting capital requirements appropriately, and letting banks choose their legal structure. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7708
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