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Marion Zimmer Bradley's magnificent novel, The Mists of Avalon, although it is a retelling of the ancient Arthurian myths, is a novel that has definite connections to views from the women's movement, particularily their beliefs toward patriarchial religions and the future downfall of Christianity.
In The Mists of Avalon, we have all the renowned characters of King Arthur's Court, the love of Gwenhwyfar and Lancelet, Arthur's battles against the Saxons, the quest for the Holy Grail, and all the other traditional storylines that are found in Arthurian legend. But if this novel had only been meant as a retelling, there would have been no purpose for its being written. Instead, the novel retells the Arthurian legends from the women's point of view, something that has never been done before, and it is done more splendidly than anyone else could have ever imagined.
But why did Marion Zimmer Bradley decide to retell the Arthurian legend from the feminist perspective, and what purpose did she think it would serve? I believe she wished to express her own views on religion, in contrast to how far she thought the negative reactions of the women's movement toward patriarchal religions were practical.
When the women's movement began, one of its major goals was to overthrow the patriarchal society in which women lived. This patriarchal society was largely formed as a result of the Jewish and Christian religions. These religions worship the god, Yahweh, and because He is a male god, they hold the belief that men are superior to women. Examples of this sexist behavior can be found in the Bible and the Judaic Christian traditions. One example is the tale of Adam's first wife, Lilith. Because she refused to have Adam lie on top of her, therefore allowing him to be the dominant figure in the relationship, Lilith was thrown out of the Garden of Eden. The Jewish tradition then turned her into a witch who curses men with sterility and wet dreams. The first woman who sought to be liberated was cursed and ridiculed by men (Goldenberg 72-3). Other examples can be found in the epistles of St. Paul when he tells women to be submissive to their husbands.
"Wives should be submissive to their husbands as if to the Lord because the husband is head of his wife just as Christ is head of his body the church, as well as its savior. As the church submits to Christ, so wives should submit to their husbands in everything" (Ephesians 5: 22-4)
Marion Zimmer Bradley is a feminist who believes we must rewrite myth and history; women should no longer be portrayed as evil because of things they did which were in conflict with patriarchal society; instead, they should be credited for all the good they have accomplished for mankind. This includes rewriting myth so that women, who were misunderstood by patriarchal societies, are not perverted in the retelling of the story as they have been in the patriarchal versions; instead, in rewritten myth, the women should be depicted as they very probably were, rather than how patriarchal societies chose to view them. By retelling the story through the character of King Arthur's sister, Morgan Le Fay, known as Morgaine in The Mists of Avalon, Bradley shows how the Arthurian legends were distorted by male writers.
The front page of the novel begins with a quote from Sir Thomas Malory's Morte d'Arthur, saying "Morgan le Fay was not married, but put to school in a nunnery, where she became a great mistress of magic" (Bradley n.p.) Then in the prologue, Bradley allows Morgaine to speak for herself and refute Malory's statement as being untrue:
"In my time I have been called many things: sister, lover, priestess, wisewoman, queen. Now in truth I have come to be wise-woman, and a time may come when these things may need to be known. But in sober truth, I think it is the Christians who will tell the last tale. For ever the world of Fairy drifts further from the world in which the Christ holds sway. I have no quarrel with the Christ, only with his priests, who call the Great Goddess a demon and deny that she ever held power in this world. At best, they say that her power was of Satan. Or else they clothe her in the blue robe of the Lady of Nazareth – who indeed had power in her way, too – and say that she was ever virgin. But what can a virgin know of the sorrows and travail of mankind?" (Bradley ix)
These words begin the enticing novel, which then goes on to show us who the real Morgaine was … a priestess of the Great Goddess, and a woman who fought to preserve her religion against the spread of Christianity, which claimed the Goddess was evil and that Christianity was the only true religion. Morgaine, as a priestess of Avalon, is a devotee of a matriarchal type of religion because her religion worships a Goddess, rather than a God. Whenever a patriarchal religion such as Judaism or Christianity came into contact with a matriarchal religion, it tried to transform the matriarchal religion's beliefs to be in agreement with their own. What the patriarchal religions could not convert into their own beliefs, they then perverted to makeit appear evil. In many cases, this meant that patriarchal religions believed religions where a goddess was worshipped had to be evil simply because women are evil.
And of course, women inherited this evil from Eve when she sinned in Eden.
"…it was through a woman that mankind had fallen into original Sin, and every woman must be aware that it was her work to atone for that Original Sin in Eden. No woman could ever be really good except for Mary the Mother of Christ; all other women were evil, they had never had any chance to be anything but evil" (Bradley 268)
In The Mists of Avalon, not only are women evil, but the Christian priests whose religion is replacing the religion of the Great Goddess in King Arthur's Britain, are imposing evil interpretations upon Morgaine's religion. As Christianity compares all women to Eve, thus making them evil, so "the priests say that their Goddess is that same old serpent of evil whom our Lord drove from the Garden of Eden!" (Bradley 554). What the priests are doing to the Goddess in Celtic Britain is exactly what their forebears in the patriarchal Jewish religion did to the matriarchal societies they came into contact with. Archeological evidence shows that the worship of a Goddess at one time was common throughout most of the Western world, and probably existed even before the patriarchal religions. Joseph Campbell believes the Goddess, which was originally an Indo-European belief that spread throughout the ancient world, survived longer and in a closer to the original form in Ireland than in any other part of the world. Campbell discusses how the patriarchal religions did not always wipe out the belief in the mother goddess, but instead they rewrote the belief in the mother goddess for their own benefit. In the Levantine, before the Jewish people came in and rewrote the story of Adam and Eve to their own advantage, there existed a belief in a goddess whose consort was a serpent; this serpent's title was Ningizzida, "Lord of the Tree of Truth" (Campbell 9). The goddess and her serpent consort also had a son who had to follow a "quest for release from the bondages of birth, disease, old age, and death" (Campbell 16). Joseph Campbell goes on to explain how this family, which was worshipped throughout the Middle East, was transformed by a patriarchal religion into the Biblical Adam and Eve story. The goddess was transformed into Eve, and because she listened to the serpent, she became evil. Ningizzida, "Lord of the Tree of Truth," is of course, the serpent who already ate of the apple, and because he is wise, therefore the patriarchal religions decided that he was also sinful. The son of Ningizzida and the Goddess is probably the Adam of the Bible story. In the Biblical version, Adam is then made to be the spouse, rather than the son of Eve. Whereas his mother should be dominant over him, the patriarchal religion then did something even worse, by stating that Eve was created out of Adam's rib, therefore again stating that men are superior to women. (Campbell 29-30)
In The Mists of Avalon, Marion Zimmer Bradley shows how this old Mother Goddess/ Serpent religion which had been wiped out by patriarchal religions in the Middle East, was still in existence in fifth century Celtic Britain. Along with the worship of the Goddess, the serpent was also preserved in the Celtic religions. In The Mists of Avalon, the kingmaking involved the king taking part in the Beltane festivals. At this festival, the king would marry the land and pledge to support the holy isle of Avalon. As a symbol of their support, kings would be given serpent bracelets or tattoos around their wrists. At one point in the novel, Morgaine states that the story of how St. Patrick drove the snakes out of Ireland is really a way of saying he drove out the Druids – which are the serpents of wisdom (Bradley 769). The druids were renowned for their wisdom, and therefore their connection to serpents is not surprising; furthermore, the connection of serpents to wisdom can obviously be seen as stemming from the old story of Adam and Eve, where the serpent is wise from eating of the apple, no matter whether you look at the Biblical or the more ancient version. Furthermore, the idea of the apple as providing wisdom was also preserved in the Celtic world, because the name of the holy isle, Avalon, comes from the welsh word "aval" meaning "apple" (Westwood 21), and this isle was said to be filled with apple trees, as Bradley describes it in her novel.
In the novel, King Arthur's reign is a time when Britain and the Celtic religions are in danger of succumbing to the patriarchal religion of Christianity. Since Britain is one of the last strongholds of the "true religion," the religion of the Great Goddess, Morgaine cannot allow Christianity to rewrite the Goddess and her religion as evil or to reinterpet it to suit their conventions.
Throughout the early part of the novel, Morgaine does not agree with the Christian priests, but she also feels that everyone has a right to believe what they want. However, when her brother, King Arthur, marries Gwenhwyfar, the trouble begins. King Arthur has been sworn to protect the isle of Avalon and promote the worship of the Goddess, since Avalon helped to set him on his throne. Yet at the same time, he allows Christianity to exist in his realm, believing that all men have the right to choose their own religions. However, Gwenhwyfar is a very strong Christian woman, and like the Christian priests, she believes that the Goddess and all religions other than her own are evil.
After several years of marriage to Arthur, Gwenhwyfar is still unable to produce an heir to the throne. Her strong Christian faith leads her to believe that the reason she cannot have a child is because God is angry with Britain since the pagan religions are still allowed to exist in it. Gwenhwyfar thinks that if Arthur truly makes Britain a Christian land, then God will look with favor on Britain, provide an heir for the throne, and continue Britain's stability. When Arthur's army goes out to battle against the Saxons, Gwenhwyfar convinces her husband not to carry the banner of Avalon, but only the banner of Christ into battle. After much argument, Arthur agrees with his wife, but this makes many of his people, who are followers of Avalon, angry enough with Arthur to desert his army. Even with reduced numbers, Arthur still succeeds in winning a major victory against the Saxons. Gwenhwyfar convinces him that it is God who has given him this victory because he has put away the old pagan ways and carried the banner of Christ into battle against the pagans. When the King of Britain forsakes Avalon, which he has sworn to protect, by becoming a Christian, the religion of the Goddess cannot expect to survive.
Morgaine, of course, is furious that her brother has betrayed the holy isle. The final straw for her is when peace is made with the Saxons, and Arthur's sword, Excalibur, which is part of the holy regalia of Avalon, is flipped upside down to form a cross, upon which the Saxons and King Arthur swear an oath of peace. Morgaine knows that if her religion continues to be treated with such disrespect, and the sacred regalia of Avalon continues to be desecrated, her religion will disappear. She makes an attempt to kill her brother and establish her lover and fellow worshipper of the Goddess, Accolon, upon his throne, but instead Arthur slays Accolon, and Morgaine flees to Avalon where her brother can not reach her.
After several years of hiding, Morgaine decides that she must return to Camelot one last time to remind Arthur of his vows, by force if need be, and to try and preserve the religion of Avalon and the Goddess. With her fellow priestess, Raven, she disguises herself as a peasant woman and journeys to Camelot. The two priestesses arrive on Pentecost, the greatest feast day in Britain, when King Arthur hears petitions from his people. On this particular feast day, the Church and kingdom are celebrating Christianity's conquering of the old pagan ways in Britain. To solemnize this event, a mass is going to be held, and the bishop intends to use the holy cup of the Druids in the Mass to symbolize that Christianity has defeated the evil pagan ways.
Already, the sword of the Druid Regalia has been used sacriligeously, and Morgaine cannot allow such an act of sacrilege to also occur against the holy cup. As one woman, there is not much she can do to stop it, but she prays to the Goddess to use her as a means to prevent this from happening. Suddenly, her body is literally taken over, and she is transformed into the Goddess. She picks up the holy cup of Avalon, and holding it in her hands, she appears as the Goddess before all of the court. Morgaine floats about the room in the form of the Goddess while she brings the cup to everyone in the court and they drink from it; they drink the holy water of the sacred well of Avalon, drink from the cup which represents the cauldron of Ceridwen, the Goddess, which is the cup of life.
After everyone has drunk from the cup, through the power of the Goddess, Morgaine makes the cup disappear from the court and return to Avalon so it can never be under threat of desecration again. Morgaine then resumes her regular form, but this remains unnoticed by everyone because they are too overwhelmed at the miracle. Before anyone realizes what they have actually seen, the bishop goes around the room telling everyone they have seen Mary, the Mother of God, and that the cup which they have all drunk from is nothing less than the Holy Grail, the cup which Christ used at the last supper. Everyone believes this, and when Gawaine notices that the vessel is gone, the knights become determined to bring it back to Camelot, thus beginning the famous quest for the "Holy Grail."
Meanwhile, Morgaine returns home to Avalon. Years continue to pass as she hears tales of how the knights have left Camelot on their quest and how many of them have died. Eventually, she also hears that Mordred, Arthur and Morgaine's son who was conceived in an act of incest before Arthur and Morgaine realized they were brother and sister, attempted to steal the kingdom from Arthur, resulting in both father and son being slain.
Morgaine goes to Arthur as he is dying; she takes the holy sword, Excalibur, from him and throws it into the lake where it will forever be safe from the Christians. As her brother now lies dying in her arms, she is no longer angry at him for his betrayal of Avalon. He is simply her brother, the same brother who lay in her arms as a child. While his kingdom is torn by war, and he lies dying in his sister's embrace, he asks:
"Morgaine, was it all for nothing then, what we did, and all that we tried to do? Why did we fail?"
[Morgaine replies,] "You did not fail, my brother, my love, my child. You held this land in peace for many years, so that the Saxons did not destroy it. You held back the darkness for a whole generation, until they were civilized men, with learning and music and faith in God, who will fight to save something of the beauty of the times that are past. If this land had fallen to the Saxons when Uther died, then would all that was beautiful or good have perished forever from Britain. And so you did not fail, my love. None of us knows how she will do her will – only that it will be done." (Bradley 867-8)
In the epilogue, Morgaine goes to Glastonbury to visit the graves of her brother, Guinevere, and her aunt, Viviane, who had once been Lady of the Lake. They are all buried at Glastonbury, a Christian abbey. Yet, despite the spread of Christianity throughout Britain, Morgaine is not upset. This visit is an awakening for her – particularily when she is surprised to see that among the Christian saints, St. Brigid is venerated at the abbey.
"But Brigid is not a Christian saint, she thought, even if Patricius thinks so. That is the Goddess as she is worshippped in Ireland. And I know it, and even if they think otherwise, these women know the power of the Immortal. Exile her as they may, she will prevail. The Goddess will never withdraw herself from mankind." (Bradley 875).
Because the church has made Brigid a saint, another example of how patriarchal religions distort other religions to fit their own needs, the Goddess will live on in Christian form.
As the novel ends, Morgaine prays to the Goddess:
"Mother," she whispered, "forgive me. I thought I must do what I now see you can do for yourself. The Goddess is within us, yes, but now I know that you are in the world too, now and always, just as you are in Avalon, and in the hearts of all men and women. Be in me too now, and guide me, and tell me when I need only let you do your will…." (Bradley 876)
Morgaine realizes that even if the Goddess is not apparent in the world, she still exists there. The same is true with the holy chalice of the Druid Regalia. It is no longer in the world, but in the holy isle of Avalon, yet as Morgaine knows, "It is in Avalon, but it is here. It is everywhere. And those who have need of a sign in this world will see it always." (Bradley 876)
The belief in the Goddess has returned to mankind because of the women's movement. Women are angry at patriarchy, and part of the patriarchal religions which have kept them down. They are tired of a male God who works the way that men want Him to, and they are equally tired of hearing that women are evil as the Bible claims they are. Because of this dissatisfaction with Christianity and other patriarchal religions, women are rediscovering the ancient Goddess whom the patriarchal religions oppressed and destroyed, just as men oppress women. Because the Goddess has reemerged and women are turning to her, seeing themselves as having the Goddess within them, many in the women's movement believe patriarchal religions will come to an end.
Christianity is trying to make peace with the women's movement by showing verses in the Bible that praise women, or state that God is not just a God for men. One of the most often quoted verses for this purpose is that "in Christ 'there is neither male or female'" (Goldenberg 80). Christianity is trying to make God appear androgynous so He can be a god for both men and women. The women's movement, however, doesn't seem to be buying this idea.
Today there is a large number of women seeking to become priests, ministers, or holders of other positions in the clergy which have traditionally been held by men. Many denominations, including the Catholic Church, are against having women enter the clergy. Pope Paul VI made a statement in 1977 that if women were to play at being priests, then they would play at being God, and Christianity can only afford to have men in that role (Goldenberg 7). The women's movement interprets this as men's fear that women will take over religion and destroy the male god. Women intend to do this. They firmly believe that "Every woman working to improve her own position in society or that of women in general is bringing about the end of God" (Goldenberg 10). When women become liberated, men will realize they are no longer the supreme rulers on earth, and if they cannot rule on earth anymore, shouldn't they also realize that they can no longer rule in Heaven (Goldenberg 9)? But men should not fear this – by toppling Yahweh and Christ, men will finally be able to free themselves from their Oedipal prisons, their fear of a supreme male figure which keeps them from being whole, self-reliant men themselves (Goldenberg 31,36).
Will this happen? Will Christianity and other patriarchal religions fall because of the women's movement? Although there are women in favor of the fall of Christianity, there are also members of the women's movement who believe the Goddess must be brought back, but at the same time, the continual presence of male gods won't be harmful to women. Women may even be able to find some value in keeping old patriarchal gods and finding places for them in religion (Goldenberg 82). There are also some women who want to keep a male god simply so they have someone to yell at and blame for things that go wrong, and then they can turn toward the nurturing, caring Goddess for comfort. In a way, even these ideas are being stolen from Christianity or at least rewriting it; whereas now we have God who is good, and the Devil who is evil, if these women get their way, then God will become the bad guy, and the Goddess shall be the one mankind, and womenkind, turn to in their time of need. Even if these changes take place, to put a single deity in charge of evil is a Christian tendency (Goldenberg 82), yet it is a tendency the women's movement may not want to give up if they want to continue blaming men.
But how does The Mists of Avalon fit in with this desire to topple God and bring back the Goddess? Marion Zimmer Bradley certainly believes that patriarchal religions have rewritten pagan religions to be evil, rather than the beautiful things that many of them were. Her argument with Christianity, told through Morgaine's voice, seems to be that the Celtic religions and the Goddess are needed because Christ is not enough for a religion to be. The Celtic religion was very similar to Hinduism in that it also believed in the concept of reincarnation. At one point in the novel, Morgaine and Arthur's mother, Igraine, has the thought "Christians said they were free of the superstitions of the Druids, but they had their own, and Igraine felt that these were even more distressing, being separated from nature" (Bradley 48). In truth, Christianity does not seem very connected to Nature because mankind is not supposed to be in communion with Nature, but the master of it, and therefore, above it. However, Morgaine feels the need to commune with Nature because "Those who live in close kinship with the earth need something more than salvation" which is all that Christianity offers (Bradley 681). Morgaine believes Christianity does not work because fear of priests, or God's wrath "or anything else, will ever keep mankind from committing sins," …. "but only when they have gained enough wisdom in all their lives that they know that error is useless and evil must be paid for, sooner or later" (Bradley 783). Morgaine believes Christianity's beliefs are wrong, that as a religion they have forgotten the true Mysteries, the ones which her religion follows, but then she realizes:
"They have not forgotten the Mysteries," she said, "they have found them too difficult. They want a God who will care for them, who will not demand that they struggle for enlightenment, but who will accept them just as they are, with all their sins, and take away their sins with repentance. It is not so, it will never be so, but perhaps it is the only way the unenlightened can bear to think of their Gods."
Lancelet smiled bitterly. "Perhaps a religion which demands that every man must work through lifetime after lifetime for his own salvation is too much for mankind. They want not to wait for God's justice, but to see it now. And that is the lure which this new breed of priests has promised them." (Bradley 808).
Morgaine, like her modern day counterparts in the women's movement, seeks to overthrow Christianity, and make sure the Goddess is remembered, but by the end of the novel, she is no longer advocating this. As at the beginning of the novel, Morgaine realizes that she has "no quarrel with the Christ, only with his priests…" (Bradley ix). It is not necessarily the God the Christians worship who has made women subordinate to men, but the men who are in charge of running that religion. As Elizabeth Cady Stanton said, "The first step in the elevation of women under all systems of religion is to convince them that the Great Spirit of the Universe is in no way responsible for any of these absurdities" (Daly 13). Morgaine realizes that "the God they both worshipped was greater and less bigoted than any priesthood" (Bradley 118), and that "our differences make no difference at all to God" (Bradley 38). At the end of the novel, she has gone even a step further by stating, that whatever is the will of the Goddess, it will happen, and no matter how mankind fights for or against this will, it will come to pass if it is what the Goddess wants to happen. Perhaps this is Marion Zimmer Bradley's view of the women's movement and their feelings toward religion. Patriarchal religions have repressed women and matriarchal religions. Perhaps the women's movement is right and we should pray to the Goddess instead of God, and perhaps God will be toppled, but Morgaine herself has no real argument with God, only with the religions that claim it is God who says women are evil and inferior. Marion Zimmer Bradley may choose to believe in the Goddess, yet at the same time, she doesn't seem to believe we have to get rid of God and Christ. In one sense, she doesn't take a definite stand on which side is right. Instead she seems to be saying that whatever the truth is, and no matter what the women's movement or any other groups say, what the Goddess, or Supreme Being wants to happen is what will happen.
Upon the publication of The Mists of Avalon, the reviewers did nothing but rave. Isaac Asimov called it "The best retelling of the Arthurian saga I have ever read. Completely compelling" (New York Times Book Review 8). Other reviewers compared the novel to Mary Stewart's Merlin novels written in the 1970's and early 1980's, and also as of equal or greater value to T.H. White's The Once and Future King (Cassada 2351). Even Christian reviewers applauded the novel. One female Christian said that the novel raised fundamental questions about the relationship of the old Goddess religions to Christianity, and that it "Offers a feminist critique of patterns of power, sexuality, and salvation which the Christian Church and contemporary society take for granted." (Zikmund 490)
The Mists of Avalon gives all of its readers a lot to think about, whether they are Arthurian Scholars, Christians, women seeking liberation, or simply lovers of books. Members of the women's movement, who are waiting for the fall of Christianity and patriarchal religions, believe that once this downfall occurs, patriarchal religious texts will no longer be useful in the new religions which are established. Men and women will both have to find new stories and new scriptures (Goldenberg 120). For many Christians, who may see this downfall coming, and for the women's movement who wish it will come, The Mists of Avalon may very well become one of these texts.
Works Cited
Bradley, Marion Zimmer. The Mists of Avalon. New York: Ballantine Books, 1984.
Campbell, Joseph. The Masks of the Gods: Occidental Mythology. New York: Penguin Books, 1976.
Cassada, Jackie. Rev. of The Mists of Avalon by Marion Zimmer Bradley. Library Journal 107 (1982): 2351.
Daly, Mary. Beyond God the Father: Toward a Philosophy of Women's Liberation. Boston: Beacon Press, 1973.
Goldenberg, Naomi R. Changing of the Gods: Feminism and the End of Traditional Religions. Boston: Beacon Press, 1979.
New York Times Book Review 11 (1983): 8.
Westwood, Jennifer. Albion: A Guide to Legendary Britain. Gr. Brit: Grafton, 1985.
Zikmund, Barbara Brown. "Favorite Books and How They Influence." Rev. of The Mists of Avalon by Marion Zimmer Bradley. Christian Century 104 (1987): 490.
Note: The above article was written in 1993, prior to Bradley's death in 1999.
Tyler R. Tichelaar, Ph.D. is the author of King Arthur's Children: A Study in Fiction and Tradition, available at www.ChildrenofArthur.com


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NCBJ Announces Blackshear Fellowship Opportunities for 2014 Conference
The National Conference of Bankruptcy Judges has announced that it is now accepting applications for its Honorable Cornelius Blackshear Presidential Fellowships for minority lawyers who practice bankruptcy law. Information about Judge Blackshear, the Fellowship criteria, the application form, and other information about the program:
Named after esteemed Bankruptcy Judge Blackshear (retired) of the Southern District of New York, the fellowship program provides both waived conference registration ($900 value) and a stipend for reasonable travel/hotel expenses for five up-and-coming minority bankruptcy practitioners (with less than 10 years' experience) who wish to attend the annual conference of the National Conference of Bankruptcy Judges and who otherwise meet the selection criteria. This year's conference will be held October 8 - 11 in Chicago at the Hyatt Regency. This year's conference agenda.

subset: commoncrawl


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Discover the Waters of New Mexico KIDs Activity BookletFlooded with stories, experiments and other activities, this popular booklet is as magical and surprising as the state known as the Land of Enchantment.Learn More
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Discover the Río Grande/Río Bravo, SPANISH / Descubre el Río Grande/Río Bravo Cuadernillo de Actividades para Niños, ESPAÑOLAprender todo sobre el río que marca el límite entre los Estados Unidos de Norteamérica y México. Desde los diarios de los exploradores hasta sus descripciones de hábitats y una amplia gama de actividades, es una excelente herramienta didáctica para utilizar en cualquiera de los lenguajes.Learn More
Discover the Red River KIDs Activity BookletFilled with fast-moving activities that stimulate young minds in the areas of math, science and culture, it's a close look at an amazing body of water.Learn More
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Fish and Fishing KIDs Activity BookletThis children's activity booklet brings the natural appeal of fish to life with amazing facts and great activities that will bait students into wanting to learn even more about these underwater creatures' lives, habitats and challenges.Learn More
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Discovering Drought KIDs Activity BookletThis popular booklet offers an engaging and hands-on way to learn about the important issue of drought.Learn More


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Tracking the use of behavioral science evidence in juvenile criminal cases is more difficult than tracking it for adults. Juvenile cases often proceed under seal or confidentiality and the decisions rendered are rarely in legal databases. The result is that we don't know as much as we'd like to on the use of behavioral sciences in juvenile cases. (My colleague, Terry Maroney, has published an insightful piece on the use of neuroscience in juvenile cases.)
The two cases today represent two different subsets of behavioral science and juveniles cases. The first subset involves the use of neuroscience to make individual claims about neurological or genetic impairments. The first case presents an interesting (and ultimately unsuccessful) application of this claim, to argue that the particular juvenile defendant should not be transferred and tried in adult court.
The second case falls into a second subset, which I call the "developing-brain" theory. In these cases the defendant claims that juveniles as a category or class (rather than as the individual defendant) should be treated differently because of the neurological or developmental stage of the adolescent brain.
Juveniles, Individualized Neurological Impairment, Transfer to Adult Court
U.S. v. Juvenile Male No. 2, 2011 WL 223599 (E.D.N.Y. 2011)
After filing a Juvenile Information charging juvenile with conspiracy to commit murder in aid of racketeering, murder in aid of racketeering, discharging a firearm during a crime of violence, and causing the death of another through the use of a firearm, the government moved to transfer the case to district court in order to prosecute the juvenile as an adult. The court here granted the government's motion to transfer to adult status. At the transfer hearing, the Court heard testimony from a clinical neuropsychologist and a forensic neuropsychologist, both of whom prepared evaluations and reports on behalf of the defendant. The neuropsychologist opined that the defendant was of "normal intelligence" and that the defendant's "problems aren't with his intellect; they are with the systems in his brain that control[ ] his behavior … and also with his emotional development and the development of a stable sense of self or stable personality." Both doctors were "struck by … how changeable his personality is … [and][h]ow vulnerable to peer influence he is." The Court found that, on balance, there are elements of the defendant's intellectual development and psychological maturity that weigh both for and against transfer, and that this factor was therefore neutral in the transfer analysis. After balancing all of the statutory factors, the Court concluded that transfer of the defendant to adult status was warranted in this case in the interest of justice.
Juveniles, Developing Brain Theory, 8th Amendment Challenge to Sentence
McKinney v. Commonwealth, 2011 WL 43235 (Ky. App. 2011)
In this case the juvenile defendant pled guilty to charges of intentional murder, robbery, and burglary was sentenced to life imprisonment (for murder) and to a consecutive sentence of 35 years on to rest. Twenty years after his initial plea, the defendant requested that his sentence be set aside in light of the decision in Roper v. Simmons, 543 US 551 (2005) that in light of "evolving standards of decency" it was cruel and unusual punishment to execute juveniles. The defendant pointed to the "new understanding about adolescent brain development" as articulated in Roper that was not recognized at the time of his sentencing hearing. The trial court found that the original court had considered the defendant's "age and lack of maturity" in rejecting the death penalty and applying a less onerous sentence. Moreover, Roper v. Simmons applied to the death penalty and not a sentence of imprisonment. On appeal, the court held that the trial court did not abuse its discretion. [Editor's note: the more recent case of Graham v. Florida, 550 U.S. (2010) applies only to cases in which the juvenile defendant did not commit a homicide. The Court found that some applications of life imprisonment, but not all applications, would be cruel and unusual punishment for a crime committed by a juvenile].


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Diet Soda Report: Izze Esque Low Calorie Sodas
We like the idea of 50 calorie soda. If you use juice to sweeten up your fizzy water, it's going to cost you a few calories, but at least you're not consuming a bunch of artificial sugars. Izze's Esque line of sodas all use juice as a sweetener and come in four fruity flavors. But how do they taste?
For the most part, pretty good. They're not too sweet (though they're also not as intensely flavored as some other fruit sodas.)
The Sparkling Limon reminded us a bit of seltzer with a hit of limeade. It's sweeter and fuller-flavored than lime seltzer, but not as candylike as Sprite. We liked the tang of key lime in this soda, and appreciated the clean aftertaste and lively carbonation. This doesn't taste like a diet soda, but there is the telltale flavor of white grape juice. Better than aspartame, we say.
Several tasters chose the new Sparkling Watermelon flavor as their favorite of the bunch. This soda starts out tasting like just-smashed sweet watermelon cubes, but then transitions into a bit of black currants. "This tastes real," commented one taster, though some wished for just a straight watermelon flavor.
Some tasters thought the Black Raspberry version had a bit too much going on—is it raspberry? Is it black cherry? Is it apple? Is it grape? It's not as concentrated a flavor as we'd hoped, but some tasters found it quite refreshing.
While it's definitely not Minute Maid-style orange soda, we could imagine craving the Sparkling Mandarin. It's more like seltzer with a splash of sweet clementine juice, but the flavor was nice (if a little mild and sweet.)
Have you tried these sodas? What do you think?
All products linked here have been independently selected by our editors. We may earn a commission on purchases, as described in our affiliate policy.


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ICNA Relief Leading the Relief Effort
"May Allah Bless ICNA Relief and the volunteers." These were the words of Sheikh Mustafa, Imam of Masjid Bilal (North Zone) in Houston, where scores of ICNA Relief volunteers are taking care of more than 300 families and individuals, including children and women, who are seeking shelter from the fury of Hurricane Ike. The deafening sound of generators combined with the wind gusts piercing through the doors and the windows made it difficult for volunteers to make Suhur, the early morning breakfast for Muslims fasting during the holy month of Ramadan.
The situation was no different in the other two shelters opened by ICNA Relief in cooperation with the Islamic Society of Greater Houston (ISGH). Late Friday night, when Ike started roaring through the city, power went out, windows started falling apart and many frightened residents of the neighborhood started rushing to the shelter, they were welcomed by ICNA workers.
Not withstanding the limited resources, ICNA Relief and ISGH were able to open the three shelters with all the basic necessities and a generator. Hundreds are being served Suhur and Iftar. Scores were helped with evacuation to these shelters and the only source of power are the generators. Local TV channels and radio stations took note of the services provided by Islamic Circle of North America (ICNA) and highlighted the contributions made by the Muslim community. One channel highlighted that these were the only shelters open by any faith-based group.
In cooperation with ISGH, ICNA Relief has set up shelters in the following masajid:
Masjid Bilal (ISGH North)
11815 Adel Road, Houston, TX77067
Ph. 281-537-1946
Masjid Al-Mustafa (Bear Creek)
17250 Coventry Park , Houston , TX77084
Ph. 281-859-8203
Masjid Al-Taqwa (ISGH South West)
10415 Synott Road, Sugarland, TX77478
Ph. 281-495-3403
For further information contact:
Ayub Badat 917-602-4450
NOTE: These places are not authorized shelters: However, our doors are open to anyone who feels the need to live in a more comfortable setting that offers security and shelter. We are providing basic help by means of food, water and electric generators in these centers. Individuals may bring pillows and bedding to sleep or rest. Under no circumstances will ICNA and/or ISGH be liable for the safety of the people.


text: Sijun Forums :: View topic - Traditional media Log in to check your private messages Sijun Forums Forum Index >> Archive : Sep99 - Dec00 View previous topic :: View next topic Author Topic : "Traditional media" lutherjunior memberMember #Joined: 04 Nov 1999Posts: 22Location: Japan Posted: Sun Nov 07, 1999 9:53 pm Hi, I was just wondering how many of you use messy stuff to do pictures and if so, what do you use? I started out using inks and then moved on to gouache but stopped painting on paper a few years back; With the digital stuff, my day job and programming I have very little time for anything other than pencil sketches, normally prep work for a final computer piece. It's still the case with most people that a painting gets more respect from your average joe and also has value as a unique 'object'; A binary image which can be copied perfectly every time does not have that uniqueness. How do you think the great digital artists will be remembered, if at all, in the future? Is it in the nature of our medium to be forgotten in the deluge of digital information? And who really can tell (other than those with trained eyes) if a digital image was created by fine artisan skills or is merely a touched up photograph? I'd be interested to hear your thoughts on these things. Luther. Back to top AffectedmemberMember #Joined: 22 Oct 1999Posts: 1854Location: Helsinki, Finland Posted: Sun Nov 07, 1999 10:10 pm I'll use anything I can get my hands on. Acrylics, pastels, inks, pencils.. I'll make metal typesets, to be heated and pressed on to thermal paper. (Neat effect) Anything. I don't limit myself. Back to top BmemberMember #Joined: 12 Jan 2000Posts: 322Location: Houston, Tx, USA Posted: Mon Nov 08, 1999 7:59 am same here i'm multi talented,. ahdn't tried the metal thing, though,. but i do work with a lot of waxwork to make small jewelry, and ceramics.. kilns are kewl.. saveing up to get a pottery wheel,. the one i want costs $1800,.. hrm almost there... heh i have two cars and the combined amount doesn't even equal that b Back to top SPike.CoMmemberMember #Joined: 22 Oct 1999Posts: 194Location: Helsingborg, Sweden Posted: Mon Nov 08, 1999 1:18 pm I paint acrylics whenever I have enough time over... that is at weekends and some nights. I think it's fun. Well, actually, I just started doing this some month ago and already at two paintings (although they aren't done yet they look cool). Then I paint with watercolors, which is a bit harder to make any damn good results in my opinion... I always overwork. Not always a good idea in this medium. I've tried pastels a bit, kinda fun. And I always sketch with pens ranging from 2H to 6B (ain't got anyother, but what I use is still sufficient). I use ballpointpens and filtedtippens whenever I am doodeling (at school). I would recommend acrylics or watercolors if anyone wants to start non-digital painting. Although it is expensive to start (I've just noticed I spent WAY to much on colors and brushes). Back to top lutherjunior memberMember #Joined: 04 Nov 1999Posts: 22Location: Japan Posted: Mon Nov 08, 1999 4:51 pm Cool, nice to see at least a few of you guys do stuff outside the computer too. Those metal font things sound pretty cool, I haven't seriously tried any metalwork although I've done a fair bit of woodwork. I like 3d stuff though, as a kid I used to make nets of objects then fold them up to make star wars spaceships and the like Unfortunatley, after getting a job I don't have much time for painting; I normally work pretty hard on my paintings, from around 9 am till 12 midnight for about a week or more and with a job (especially where I am now, in japan with 10 - 12 hour days every day) I find I simply don't have to time to devote to it. Do you guys have a lot of spare time or something? Tim. Back to top BmemberMember #Joined: 12 Jan 2000Posts: 322Location: Houston, Tx, USA Posted: Tue Nov 09, 1999 5:42 am actually i have no free time,. i have to schedule time away from everyone, so i can do things,. and if i don't get my freetime then i quit my job ,. i have no need for too much money anyhow, I am artiste'. so, are those paintings, photographs, photographs thrown in to photoshop and mangled with?. anyway,. if they're paintings, then they truly rock [This message has been edited by B (edited November 09, 1999).] Back to top Ahmadjunior memberMember #Joined: 06 Nov 1999Posts: 8Location: Malaysia Posted: Tue Nov 09, 1999 6:30 am Uh... I suck at any traditional, but i draw things a lot... Anime/manga style, buildings, landscapes, etc. tho i suck real bad at drawing real life people... ------------------ http://virtual.utn.edu.my/~afarith/ Back to top ShrimpishGuestMember # Posted: Tue Nov 09, 1999 7:30 am oh, man, that thing about the digital artists not being remembered in the future is kinda harsh. I think that digital art is the future of all illustration, and more traditional artists are moving towards it every day... I think that traditional media is the one that's in trouble. And the fact that it can be duplicated doesn't mean anything, besides the fact that the artist gets more popularity. That's how Dhabih became popular in the first place. All digital art is still copyrighted and protected by government laws, so you can't rip it off. Also, the digital media gives you much more freedom with what you're doing, it's a lot less expensive, and it's not messy. Instead of walking to the store to buy a new brush, you take 3 minutes to make one on the computer.(for free!) Finally, take a moment to visit this site: http://www.goodbrush.com This guy is a proffesional artist and he's the best example of why you'd switch. He used to be a proffesional traditional media artist, and he switched to digital. (for obvious reasons) Of course, traditional media has its own importance, and it offers a completely different level of artistic satisfaction, but today's generation's into computers. (go figure!) Later! [This message has been edited by Shrimpish (edited November 09, 1999).] Back to top BmemberMember #Joined: 12 Jan 2000Posts: 322Location: Houston, Tx, USA Posted: Tue Nov 09, 1999 7:47 am i disagree,. traditional art will never go away, paint brushes are expensive, so is paint., but if you think about the thousands of dollars you throw int a computer,. it is actually pretty cheap. i would never choose a computer made image over an authentic painting, you just don't get the feel to it, yea you can get it to look almost identical, but the physical texture is what many many people like. or so i would assume. also, working with traditional media help you to better feel what you're doing in your graphic applications. they help your to understand why your dark blue turns pink the you use the dodge and burn tool,. color composition and all that mumbo jumbo. b Back to top ShrimpishGuestMember # Posted: Tue Nov 09, 1999 10:13 am Hehe... That dark blue turns pink because it's a mixture of red and blue, so it's more of a dark purple that fools you. Practicing with traditional media wouldn't help me understand that. And yes, traditional media will stay around, of course, it's just that a LOT of artists are moving towards computers. And as far as cost, I'd rather pay $5,000 one time for a computer, all the software and hardware I need to do digital art, than pay $5,000 a year as a traditional artist. Each one has its ups and downs, but as far as the future... well, I guess we'll live and see... Back to top BmemberMember #Joined: 12 Jan 2000Posts: 322Location: Houston, Tx, USA Posted: Tue Nov 09, 1999 10:41 am you can't tell me you don't upgrade your computer year after year also?,. i have brushes, that i've been using for many years, before i even had a computer. as long as they're cleaned they will last nearly forever,. you ever see what happens to a computer dipped in turpentine? it's a long debate that many people have gone through, there is no answer, just preference,. i prefer computers to work with, <they're clean> but it will never replace what i do with paints and ceramics,. i suppose it is just more gratification of creatingsomething out of mud or paints,. because there are no undo's, no layers that you can edit,. actually i suppose there could be a way for layers, but that'd require glue and a tic-tac,. anyhoo Back to top AffectedmemberMember #Joined: 22 Oct 1999Posts: 1854Location: Helsinki, Finland Posted: Tue Nov 09, 1999 11:04 am I like both a lot. I find traditional methods are more immediate and intuitive to use, whihc means you can get results sooner. And I like being able to push painta round with my fingers, mix chemicals, try stuff you just couldn't do on a computer. ------------------ Affected http://affected.cjb.net Back to top BmemberMember #Joined: 12 Jan 2000Posts: 322Location: Houston, Tx, USA Posted: Tue Nov 09, 1999 11:16 am which brings up another valid point, if you've ever dressed a woman in just paint,. it's not the same as if you did it on the computer,. you just can't have the same feel,. Back to top ShrimpishGuestMember # Posted: Tue Nov 09, 1999 1:08 pm That's also a different branch of art. I was referring strictly to canvas, wood and paper painting. I used to draw in charcoal a lot, I like the way things turn out with it, even if you just mess around. But it's not fun getting your hands all black... Errghh. Hey, what's your opinion on abstract art? Not Picasso style, but the--"new generation," throwing paint on the canvas, drawing a dot on a wall and calling it a masterpiece--kind of art. Here's one: It's called "THE BIG 'N'" Pretty ingenoius, huh? Back to top lutherjunior memberMember #Joined: 04 Nov 1999Posts: 22Location: Japan Posted: Tue Nov 09, 1999 4:54 pm I think that the tactile nature of painting is something that a computer cannot replace. You get a lot closer to the materials you are using when painting, the different colours and mediums smell different for one thing (I tried not to use magic marker too much, I think it was making me high.. not always a bad thing though) One strange thing I noticed when doing a painting after doing a few digital pics is that I kept trying to press undo... And those pics on my gallery are all done by hand, the medium is listed at the top of the screen: I never scan in photographs, it kind of defeats the object. Luther. Back to top Ahmadjunior memberMember #Joined: 06 Nov 1999Posts: 8Location: Malaysia Posted: Tue Nov 09, 1999 5:09 pm One thing that digital media has an advantage over traditional is the great "Undo" button;P But, yeah. Traditional gives a certain satisfaction feel (not that digital gives none), of a different type... Back to top ShrimpishGuestMember # Posted: Wed Nov 10, 1999 12:50 am LOL!!! I wouldn't pass up a chance like that. I'd piss on my computer to dress a chick in paint Just kidding... (yea right) Back to top SPike.CoMmemberMember #Joined: 22 Oct 1999Posts: 194Location: Helsingborg, Sweden Posted: Wed Nov 10, 1999 1:04 pm It's bitchy, after a while on digital art I tend to forget.. Natural art doesn't have any undo... Ay ayay! Back to top Articjunior memberMember #Joined: 29 Oct 1999Posts: 39Location: Skelleftea, Sweden Posted: Wed Nov 10, 1999 2:38 pm Hmm... Intresting subject! I'think digital-art will be equally accepted as traditional art very soon, and the artists will be legends. In the 3d there are some really famous "artist" like Dan Ablan, Bill Fleming. Back to top Display posts from previous: All Posts1 Day7 Days2 Weeks1 Month3 Months6 Months1 Year Oldest FirstNewest First Sijun Forums Forum Index -> Archive : Sep99 - Dec00 All times are GMT - 8 Hours Page 1 of 1 Jump to: Select a forum Digital Art----------------Digital Art DiscussionWork in ProgressGallery/Finished Work Miscellaneous----------------Random MusingsArchive : Sep99 - Dec00 You cannot post new topics in this forumYou cannot reply to topics in this forumYou cannot edit your posts in this forumYou cannot delete your posts in this forumYou cannot vote in polls in this forum Powered by phpBB © 2005 phpBB Group


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Tod Maffin necesitaba un nuevo diseño de fondo de Twitter y lanzó un concurso de diseño en 99designs.
Un ganador ha sido elegido entre 17 diseños de 6 diseñadores freelance.
Tod Maffin .com
I'm a technology journalist (radio), a popular keynote speaker, and social media strategist.
Official bio: "His information-rich, funny, and fast-paced keynote presentations keep him in high demand at major conferences from Stockholm to Sydney and across North America. Each year, he speaks to more than 40 groups around the world and is quoted frequently in media articles. He was named by The Globe and Mail "one of Canada's most influential futurists."
*** In addition to payment through here, I will promote the contest winner's work and web site on my own highly trafficed web site and Twitter feed.
1. Meeting planners, conference organizers, people who book keynote speakers at conferences.
2. Potential clients for my social media strategy services.
3. Listeners who have heard my technology reports on the radio.
I have a specific blue I use for my logotype: #5191cd (H209 S61 B80)
I'd like the waves in my logo relatively prominent (used in the background?)
Logo files are available for download at http://www.todmaffin.com/logos/
Text should read:
Tod Maffin
Social Media Expert
Int'l Keynote Speaker
Technology Journalist
National Broadcaster
Also visit:
I'd like the little favicons for the four URLs above (see http://twitter.com/johnchow for an example).
You can use any of the photos at: http://todmaffin.com/about/photos
Must receive both a ready-to-upload Twitter background AND the source layered PSD file.


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Flyers winger Wayne Simmonds recently signed with a team in the Czech Republic to try and ride out the lockout. It is exciting for Czech fans to see real life NHLers, but also scary for some of them to see a black person. So a sizable portion of the crowd in Chomutov did not take it well when Simmonds, playing for visiting Liberec, got involved in a fight yesterday. They serenaded him with chants of "opice," Czech for "monkey."
Here's what Simmonds's assistant coach had to say, with an assist from Google translate:
"I'm terribly disappointed that I lived to see such low and primitive things like racist chants and insults for a player's dark skin. Over my short coaching career, it was one of the most embarrassing things."
Wayne Simmonds subjected to racist chants after fight in Czech Republic (VIDEO) [Puck Daddy]


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Darien woman charged with selling Xanax
A search warrant at 7 Glenwood Drive led to two arrests Sunday, Darien police said.
Maria Devico, 48, was arrested on charges of the sale of a controlled substance, second-degree reckless endangerment and possession of narcotics. Marc Devico, 49, was arrested on a charge of violating a protective order.
The two were involved in a domestic incident last year, which led to the protective order against him, according to police.
Sgt. Jeremiah Marron said the department's newly established Selective Enforcement Unit had been investigating numerous reports of suspicious activities at that property.
"This has been a residence that has been reported to us for numerous reasons for the past four or five months," Marron said.
Police conducted a months-long investigation of the Glenwood Drive residence, including monitoring the home for some time and interviewing a juvenile who said he bought Alprazolam, a generic form of Xanax, from the woman, according to the report. On Feb. 16, police applied for a search warrant, which was signed by a judge in Greenwich that same day, police said.
While conducting the search, officers located numerous items, including drug paraphernalia -- such as containers with marijuana residue, glass smoking pipes, rolling papers and scales -- and prescription medications, according to the report.
Police concluded that Maria Devico had been selling at least one of those medications, Alprazolam, for which she had a prescription, Marron said.
More InformationFact box
While searching the property, police found Maria Devico's husband hiding behind a boiler in the basement, according to the report. Police also found the couple's daughter, Nicole Devico, 23, in possession of a small glass pipe containing a small amount of marijuana, Marron said. The younger woman was issued an infraction for possession of drug paraphernalia and possession of less than half an ounce of marijuana, according to police.
Maria Devico posted $10,000 bond and is scheduled to appear in court Feb. 26. Marc Devico posted $1,000 bond and is scheduled to appear due in court Feb. 18.
Maria Devico was arrested on a sale of a controlled substance charge in September. Marc Devico was arrested on charges of second-degree threatening, disorderly conduct and violation of a protective order in October 2012. Last April, he was again arrested on a charge of violating a protective order. All charges are still pending and they're both scheduled to appear in court later this month.


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How can I install atheros drivers to my Toshiba laptop (64bit), manually?
I need AR9285 wireless adapter, and AR8152(v1.1) wired, fast ethernet.
I cannot connect my UberStudent1.0 (linux OS, Ubuntu10.04,equiv.) to the net. I have on the laptop Mint8 which connects well and able to download any drivers. Please, would you kindly show me how to install them if they are not .deb formats. Tarballs, zip,etc, still give me a hard time to work with.


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Set Your TiVo: 01.04.12Posted by EJacoby on January 4th, 2012
Evan Jacoby is an RTC columnist and contributor. You can find him @evanjacoby on Twitter. See bottom of the post for the Official RTC Star System.
Huge games in the Big East and Big 12 highlight tonight's action, along with Duke's final non-conference test. Here's your schedule for tonight:
#8 Duke at Temple – 7:00 PM EST on ESPN2 (***)
- The Blue Devils have shockingly stayed out of the spotlight for the past few weeks, quietly handling their business in the non-conference. Perhaps the shellacking that Mike Krzyzewski's team took in Ohio State in November was the wake-up call that this team needed, as Duke has won five straight in impressive fashion since that game. Coach K's team is ranked 4th in Ken Pomeroy's adjusted offensive rankings, boasting the nation's third-best true shooting percentage (60.6%) and eighth-best points per possession statistic (1.16 PPP), amongst many other impressive offensive numbers. As Austin Rivers continues to improve his decision-making and efficiency offensively, Duke gets harder to defend. The freshman is now up to a team-leading 15.4 points per game while shooting 46% from the field and 41% from three. If Rivers can penetrate the Owls' defense to create good looks for the other Duke guards and himself, Duke will be in good shape.
- Temple is an elite perimeter defensive team, where the Owls hold opponents to shoot 25.6% from three-point range, the fourth-best percentage in the country. Against a Duke team that loves to shoot the three, guarding the perimeter will again be priority number one in this game. In addition, Temple is strong with the ball and their 1.28 assist-to-turnover ratio is a top-30 national number, far better than Duke's 1.02 ratio. By limiting their opponent's long-range makes and winning the turnover battle, Temple will seek to gain an advantage at home. Their trio of guards Ramone Moore, Juan Fernandez, and Khalif Wyatt, all at 13.3 PPG or better, will look to neutralize Duke's own trio in the scoring department. However, their best big man Michael Eric remains out with a knee injury, which could spell trouble against Duke's 6'10" Plumlee brothers.
- Duke is a seven-point favorite in this game and will be well-prepared in their final non-conference game. But the Blue Devils haven't played a road game since their blowout loss at OSU, and Temple has the guards to match Duke. With Eric missing down low, Temple is without a key defensive cog, but they've been playing without him for over a month. Expect a hard fought game in Philly.
#17 Marquette at #9 Georgetown- 7:00 PM EST on ESPNU (****)


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IPCOP/COPFILTER...need help
IPCOP/COPFILTER...need help
Hey all!
I just created an IPCOP firewall with THREE network interfaces - Green, Orange and Red.
IP Settings set as below:
GREEN - 192.168.1.1 - Leasing DHCP 192.168.1.2-16
RED - Getting IP from cable modem
Then I uploaded COPFILTER with SCP protocol and then SHH'd on the firewall and performed the install. Everything worked like a charm from the beginning till the end. Then after rebooting the COPFILTER section came up and noticed that I had to set an SMTP server to act as an email notification server. Now this is where I got stuck...
Does anybody know how I can create a mail server capable of sending/receiving from over the Internet and running on default ports 110/25. As for SMTP(out) shouldnt be a problem, but I am not sure if it can be done with POP3(in). I downloaded a freeware software which emulates as an SMTP server (http://www.softstack.com) but still cant make much sense of it.
In simple words: How can I setup a mail server? not MS exchange, something free...


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About The Warehouse Division
The Teamsters Warehouse Division represents members in warehousing, distribution, food processing and related industries. Workers in these industries include drivers, lift truck operators, equipment operators, food processing workers and clerical employees. The Warehouse Division is one of the largest of the International Brotherhood of Teamsters' 21 divisions and conferences. The division provides a variety of support services to local unions and their members. One of the Warehouse Division's largest contracts is with Costco. For more than 20 years, Teamster representation has given more than 15,000 Costco workers a strong voice and the ability to earn a middle-class income with great benefits in a safe workplace.
Director: Steven P. Vairma
Contact Warehouse Division
Email the Teamsters Warehouse Division at [email protected] or call (202) 624-8736.


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Dunedin must do's
Dunedin provides not only cultural riches but architectural heritage, complemented by a natural environment and rare wildlife all within an easy drive from the city. Exquisite examples of Victorian and Edwardian architecture punctuate and safe and compact cityscape with a vibrant culture
The knowledge of the locals and their willingness to share it set Dunedin apart from other destinations. We don't want to give too much away, but you'll experience why its one of the best kept secrets in New Zealand.
Monarch Wildlife Cruises & Tours
Larnach Castle
Off-Track MTB Tours
Chisholm Links Golf Club
Emerson's Brewery


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LOBDELL: DEATH OF THE FAMILY, #0's & 'RED' ROBIN Decision
During September, DC writers are filling in a few of the "blanks" in the newly rebooted universe's continuity. And for Scott Lobdell, who is writing three of the #0 issues, the tweaks will start this week.
Earlier this month, Newsarama talked with Lobdell about his run on Superman, which starts next week with that title's #0 issue.Red Hood #13, pages 6-7 But Lobdell is also writing this week's Red Hood and the Outlaws #0 and next week's Teen Titans #0. Readers are braced for what changes the writer may be making for two former Robins — Jason Todd and Tim Drake — whose origins are the subject of Lobdell's #0 issues. The writer already raised some questions among comic fans for stating that Drake never called himself "Robin," instead choosing the name Red Robin from the beginning of his tenure as a superhero.
Lobdell is also tying both titles into the upcoming "Death of the Family" event that sees Joker targeting the Bat-family.
Newsarama talked to Lobdell to find out more about Tim Drake's name change, what's coming up in this month's #0 issues and what he can tell readers about upcoming issues of Red Hood and Teen Titans.
Newsarama: Scott, for "Death of the Family," how many issues will you be tying into the Batman storyline in both Red Hood and Teen Titans?Teen Titans #15 Scott Lobdell: Two official direct tie-in issues each (issues #15 and #16) — then lots of fall-out for the next six months after that. Yeah, yeah, you have heard a thousand times before that "this event changes everything!" Well, let's meet back here in six months and you'll be stunned how much this event really did change everything!
Nrama: How much of your Teen Titans tie-ins to "Death of the Family" will be about the team, and how much is it a Tim Drake story?
Lobdell: 50/50.
Nrama: How do the "Death of the Family" issues tie into the story arc you've been building for these characters?
Lobdell: It doesn't! Not a page! Not a concept! Which is what I love most about it!
I've said in other interviews that I'm not a writer that likes to plan ahead. Because, really, there isn't a lot of planning ahead in life either — and if we want our characters to feel life-like, we have to be prepared for the curves that life throws at them.
When I was talking to Scott Snyder and he was sharing his dark and demented plans for "Death of the Family," I suddenly felt like the kid on the playground that takes the dodge ball to the groin as all the other Bat-family writers chortle. The big story left me gasping for air and wondering how the heck I would be able to write Teen Titans and Red Hood and the Outlaws moving forward.
And I loved it! I loved the idea that Scott was hurling these huge epic plot twists in my direction, because it forced me to sit down and look at "my" characters and how they would be reacting to the "real-life" events in "Death of the Family" in the very same way you and I deal with the unexpected fates of family members when we get that frantic 3 a.m. call. One minute you are sound asleep, the next your entire life and the lives of those closest to you have changed, maybe forever.
Again, it doesn't "tie into what I've been building"; it is the polar opposite. The events of "Death of the Family" hurls them off into an entirely different direction. How awesome is that?!
Nrama: It sounds like you're enjoying the chance to work within the framework of "Death of the Family." But what did you think of Scott's idea for the storyline when you first heard about it? Were you reluctant to participate? Or had you already wanted to write this type of confrontation in your comics?
Lobdell: I think it is a great idea for a story because it sort of reaches into the guts of each of the characters and just twists. There are very few ideas that expose all the raw nerves and tension that come from choosing to be a member of the "Bat-family". Joker may or may not know your identity, and that is maybe the most horrifying part. Imagine, as crazy as the Joker is, you can at least go to bed secure in the knowledge that once you take off the mask you are a little safer. But if he knows who you are....aiyeee!
Reluctant to participate? In maybe the most personal character-driven event in comic books? That feels like a crazy question to me! Reluctant? I am flat out honored!
Had I already wanted to write this type of confrontation? No, I had no plans for either Tim or Jason to have confrontations with the Joker — let alone with Batman! But once Scott set the story in motion, it all became very natural. Suddenly I had to have both Tim and Jason deal with Joker and Batman in ways that I would not otherwise have imagined.
I've been involved with crossovers where the other writers get very frustrated and angry over their assigned roles in the bigger story. But I'm not usually that guy. I love being challenged.Nrama: In Red Hood and the Outlaws #0, you're getting the chance to rewrite how Jason came back to life after being killed by the Joker. What can you tell us about the issue, and how different is it from what we've seen before?
Lobdell: It actually ends on Jason's realization that he is about to come back to life, so we see no rising from the grave or his relationship with Talia or any of that.
Instead, we see Jason's life from Jason's perspective, and I have to warn you, it is not an easy story to read. Even after the death of his parents, Bruce Wayne was still a boy millionaire with an adoring Alfred at his side. Jason was born into poverty and crime and addiction and depression. In fact, aside from the short time he was Robin, he had a very hardscrabble existence. In this story, we understand why Bruce and Batman both came to be the defining people in his life just before he died.
Nrama: As Jason heads toward "Death of the Family," just to clarify what this meeting means to the character, what does the New 52 version of Jason Todd feel about Joker?
Lobdell: There are so many reveals in the #0 issue that I risk giving them all away by answering this question.But I will say that — up until issue #15, I don't think the New 52 version of Jason has really given Joker much thought at all after meeting Roy and Kori. It seems to me that Jason is OK with keeping his past in the past where it belongs and not letting it envelope his present.
Imagine driving down the highway and all you do is look in the rearview mirror the whole time, never looking at the road in front of you or at the landscape to your right or the little kids making faces as the car on the right passes. Jason has to be about more than the rearview mirror.
Nrama: What does the New 52 version of the Joker feel about Jason Todd? And how does that inform the way he approaches him in your story?
Lobdell: I think you'd be surprised to realize that Joker feels a lot closer to Jason than people have realized. Giving birth to someone is a very intimate experience, but so too is taking their life. In that way, Joker feels a sort of proprietary relationship with Jason that he doesn't with any of the other Bat-family.
Nrama: How has it been developing the Joker you're writing? What's it like to get your hands on the villain, and how would you describe your take on him?
Lobdell: I think he is the closest thing I've ever written to an autobiographical character in my whole career.
In my high school yearbook, my quote was, "Life is too serious to be taken too seriously," and that is kind of how I feel about the Joker and all his evil machinations. It isn't enough for him to do horrible things. He has to do them with a sense of humor, a twist. He doesn't care if you boo him — only that when the curtain falls, you are left sitting in your chair wondering what the hell was that performance you just watched.Nrama: You have Superman guest starring in Red Hood and the Outlaws in November's #14. What spawned that idea?
Lobdell: It's not much more than an extended cameo based on the events of Superman Annual. It just made sense as they were coming back from an adventure in space. It wasn't much deeper a thought than that.
Nrama: How do you play this meeting between these very different characters as Superman meets the Red Hood and the Outlaws characters?
Lobdell: They think he is a big dopey clown. They are the Outlaws, which means they have almost nominal respect for anyone outside their group. They aren't impressed with his "S" or his cape or his bulletproof chest or even his ability to fly through space. It is one of the things I love about this group — just how totally unaffected they are about the things that would normally impress the rest of us.
Superman, on the other hand, sees them as a trio of particularly rambunctious children. I think he's used to some level of respect, if not fear from people. So when he gets this [attitude] from Red Hood and the Outlaws, he's a little taken aback. Even as they attack him, I think a part of him is like, "You realize the only reason you are not pulverized bone dust by now is that I'm being polite, right?" But it isn't in his nature to say those thoughts aloud.
Nrama: As Red Hood wrapped up its first year and is now heading into its second year, how would you describe what's coming through the rest of 2012 and into 2013?
Lobdell: I think it's going to keep on barreling into "Unexpectedville." One of the things I loved about the first year of Red Hood was that it wasn't just more street level vigilante stories we've come to associate Jason with in the past. It had lost civilizations and the "Chamber of All" and epic star-spanning battles where the fates of planets rested on the action of our trio. It was a bit of an acid trip, I would imagine as I've never been on one.
In the coming year, there's going to be even more zigging than zagging Red Hood. They continue to surprise me every time I sit down at the keyboard, so I'm going to assume that the next few issues are going to be even more staggering for you!Teen Titans #13, page 1 Nrama: In last month's Teen Titans #11, the story insinuated that Cass' powers have a cosmic source rather than a mythological one. Why was it important for you to distinguish her from Wonder Woman?
Lobdell: There is already a Wonder Woman and she is awesome!
Nrama: We also found out Solstice and Bart have feelings for one another. How would you describe the attraction? And what interests you as a writer about these two being together this way?
Lobdell: I like that one is very grounded as a person and the other is just all over the place. I love that Bart told her she was the only person he's ever met that has made him want to slow down. I love that where she is cautious he might challenge her to at least spend some time in the fast lane. And I love knowing that when the individual secrets come out, they will be doomed. Did I say "doomed"?
Nrama: A lot of people have reacted to the comment you made in San Diego that Tim Drake was never a Robin. Do you maintain that people calling him "Robin" in former New 52 issues were just shortening his real identity of "Red" Robin to the one-word, common name for Batman's sidekick?
Lobdell: Yes.
Nrama: I guess you could argue that it's just a small change, so it shouldn't be that big of a deal. But then the flip side of that is, if it's such a small change — why make it?
Lobdell: Oh, I don't think it is a small change at all. I think it is a huge change.Nrama: But I think the most important question is, why do you as a writer of this character believe it's important to establish him as "only" Red Robin, and do we see reasoning for it in Teen Titans #0 next week?
Lobdell: The way you frame the question makes it seem like being "only" Red Robin is somehow a demotion, but I don't see it that way at all. I think it is awesome that Tim looked at the role of Robin that was filled by Dick and the recently departed Jason and said, "I'm going to honor the role of Robin by not assuming I can leap into the part just because I'm the latest 15-year-old boy to put on a cape."
In #0, he very directly says yes, he will be Batman's partner, he will learn everything he can from Batman, but he's not going to downplay Jason's death by pulling on the mask before Bruce has even had much time to deal with the boy's murder.
It is sort of like a cop coming to a new precinct and deciding to grab the badge and number of the cop who died the night before. Who would do that?
- What We Learned From DC's DECEMBER 2012 Solicitations
- UPDATED: DC Comics' FULL December 2012 Solicitations
- Lobdell Brings H'el to Kal'El in Coming SUPERMAN Run


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Girls Hope group awarded Honor Rows from Ravens
Teens make own decision to improve their lives
The work some young people at the Boys Hope-Girls Hope of Baltimore organization are doing is getting high marks from the Baltimore Ravens organization, which named them as this week's Honor Rows recipient.
The girls who reside at the Girls Hope house in Baltimore get up every morning, make their beds, put their school uniforms on and clean up after themselves, all under the watchful eye of their house manager, Tenne Thrower, who wears many hats.
"Basically, I'm being a mentor-role model for the girls on an everyday basis, as well as helping give them a structured environment," Thrower said.
That's one thing many of them were lacking in their own homes. Boys Hope-Girls Hope, which is a nonprofit residential program in the city, has been providing educational, financial and emotional support for young people who choose to be there to improve their own lives.
Now, they're improving the lives of others through community outreach, from promoting literacy at Baltimore Reads to feeding the hungry at Our Daily Bread.
"I know what it feels like to be hungry, but just for hours. Some people have been hungry for days and weeks, and that's not right," said Girls Hope scholar Cierra Chandler.
"It makes me feel good inside because I'm giving back to the community," said scholar Milan Dower.
"It definitely lets you know that you don't have the worst situation, and someone always has it worse than you. It lets you appreciate what you have," scholar Shaolin Holloman said.
The organization is getting a big reward for its members' selflessness -- an Honor Row at the Ravens-Cowboys game from the Ravens and M&T Bank -- which is great news to Thrower, who said she's the biggest fan in the house.
"Sometimes when we have late games, they may not sleep very well because I'm yelling and screaming," she said.
But more than anything, she said, she'll be cheering for her girls.
"They work really hard through their schoolwork. We have 3.3 GPAs and above. I'm just very proud, even to see them interview with you guys. It brings tears to my eyes because I get to see them grow," Thrower said.


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Major Rawne wrote:Therion wrote:What kind of marines is it about, when it comes to abilities, casualties, etc? Is it another supermarine book like Siege of Castellax or whatever or is it something more realistic like Purging of Kadillus?
I always find the question of realism in 40k an odd one as i'd strongly argue that it's all a load of made up nonsense set forty thousand years in the future for the express purpose to entertain the reader.
Major Rawne wrote:Anyway the first question is easy enough, it's about the mysterious silent type who are comparative to the Night Lords in their predatory nature, some of whom die. The book doesn't hugely go into statistical detail on numbers if memory serves.
Chun the Unavoidable wrote:I enjoyed Wuthering Heights, too. As to other Gothic novels, have you read any Victor Hugo? The Hunchback of Notre Dame drips Gothic, as does his lesser known (but favourite of mine), Toilers of the Sea. Much longer, and somewhat less Gothic, is the incredible Les Miserables, which almost had me in tears at the end.
Xisor wrote:Speaking of French & Gothic, I'd reiterate Schaefer & others' high praise for Aliette de Bodard's work; her "House of Shattered Wings" is terrific.
And if you wanted not-French, not-Gothic, her Obsidian & Blood trilogy are excellent historical Aztec murder mysteries!
Or perhaps Sherlock Holmes in space? (I've not yet read that one though.)
Rob P wrote:Started Jane Eyre but gave up early on. Seems very readable but i've picked up and dropped 5-6 books this week. Just can't get a groove and work is so busy.
Vivia wrote:I bought a few of Sheridan Le Fanu's collection, the Gutenberg ebooks are too annoying to read.
Chun the Unavoidable wrote:Athelassan: I love those books. I've been reading one a year for the last ten or eleven years. I've never found them dry, but I know what you mean about the POV changes.
Vivia: I read the Carnacki the Ghost Finder stories years ago. There not my favourite Hodgson, to be honest. It was the last story that had the most impact on me - mainly because it had more special effects than those that preceded it !
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"Notice is hereby given that U-Store/U-Lock,LLC (Mini-Storage) will hold a public auction pursuant to the Georgia Self Storage Facility Act, Georgia code Section 10-4-210 to 10-4-215 on February 24, 2012 at 9:00A.M. at U-Store / U-Lock LLC Mini Storage facility at 80 Speer Street Baxley GA 31513.
Unit #105 belonging to Janice Jeffords: misc clothes and household items.
Unit #32 belonging to Jennifer Smiley: misc clothes and household items."
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With elections on the horizon, we wanted to praise the senators and representatives who have shown
leadership on important health issues.
We looked at our elected officials according to their
activity in three critical issue areas: your right to access natural health
options; your right to choose a toxic-free environment; and your right to the
healthy food of your choice.
Please send a thank you if your elected officials were among
our champions!
Dear [Decision Maker],
Sincerely,[Your Name] [Your Address] [City, State ZIP]


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Skydiver Fell Faster Than Thought
CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. (AP) - Supersonic skydiver Felix Baumgartner was faster than he or anyone else thought when he jumped from 24 miles up.
According to the official numbers released Monday, the Austrian parachutist known as "Fearless Felix" reached 843.6 mph. That's equivalent to Mach 1.25, or 1.25 times the speed of sound.
His top speed initially was estimated last October at 834 mph, or Mach 1.24.
Either way, he became the first human to break the sound barrier with only his body.
Baumgartner was supersonic for a half-minute during the jump over New Mexico. His heart rate remained below 185 beats a minute, and his breathing was fairly steady.
The leap was from an altitude of 127,852 feet. That's 248 feet lower than estimates.
The jump was sponsored by Red Bull.


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Predators fall to SaberCats, 34-51
The Predators lost the only matchup of the regular season against the San Jose SaberCats Friday night, 34-51, moving their overall record to 1-11 for the 2012 season.
The Predators began the first quarter with an eight-minute drive that resulted in a turnover-on-downs on the SaberCats half-yard line. The San Jose offense took possession after the turnover and scored three plays later on a 36-yard touchdown pass from quarterback Mark Grieb to wide receiver Samora Goodson. Orlando responded to the score with a touchdown, a 36-yard pass from quarterback Chris Leak to wide receiver T.T. Toliver. The SaberCats recovered the Predators' next failed onside kick attempt. San Jose took advantage of the good field position with a touchdown on a 13-yard pass from Grieb to Goodson. The score gave the SaberCats a 14-7 lead, and brought an end to the first quarter.
The Predators opened up the second quarter with a six-yard touchdown pass from Leak to wide receiver Jarvis Williams. The SaberCats scored on their next drive on a five-yard rushing touchdown by wide receiver Huey Whittaker, extending their lead, 21-14. The Predators responded to the score with a quick scoring drive of their own. Leak hit newly acquired wide receiver Glen Fox on a 48-yard touchdown pass to tie the game, 21-21. The SaberCats were able to score on their next drive on a 45-yard touchdown pass from Grieb to Whittaker. On the following kickoff, San Jose failed an onside kick-attempt. With good field position the Predators were able to capitalize with a 10-yard touchdown pass from Leak to Williams. With time expiring in the first half, SaberCats kicker Nick Pertuit nailed a 40-yard field goal to put the SaberCats up 31-27 at the half.
The SaberCats opened up the second half with a score, a touchdown pass from Grieb to Whittaker, extending the San Jose lead, 38-27. On the Predators next possession, Leak threw his first interception of the game to San Jose defensive lineman Joe Sykes. Sykes returned the interception for a touchdown, making the score, 45-27. The Predators' next two offensive possessions both resulted in turnovers, the first a fumble by Fox, followed by another fumble by Toliver that brought an end to the third quarter, SaberCats leading, 45-27.
The Predators defense opened up the fourth quarter with an interception by defensive back Simeon Castille, his second of the game. After back-to-back defensive stops by both teams, the Predators were able to add their first score of the second half on a 10-yard touchdown pass from Leak to Williams. On the following kickoff, the Predators attempted an onside kick that was recovered by SaberCats offensive lineman Mark Lewis, who returned the kick for a short touchdown. The score extended the SaberCat lead, 51-34 and put the game out of reach for the Predators, resulting in their 11th loss of the season.
The Orlando Predators were led statistically by quarterback Chris Leak. Leak was 25 of 47, threw for 316 yards, five touchdowns, and one turnover.
Wide receivers Jarvis Williams and Glen Fox hauled in the majority of the receptions in the game. Williams had another productive game this week, catching nine passes for 100 yards, and three touchdowns. Fox caught nine passes for 125 yards, and hauled in a touchdown pass.
The Predators were led on defense by defensive back Simeon Castille and recently activated Kenny McEntyre. Castille notched six tackles and two interceptions and McEntyre totaled six tackles in his first game back with Orlando.
Up next the Predators will return home to The Jungle to host the Tampa Bay Storm in the second "War on I-4" matchup of the season on Friday, June 15. The Storm captured the first game of the rivalry, winning 55-31 in Week 9. The 8 p.m. game will broadcast live on NFL Network.
Copyright 2012 by ClickOrlando.com. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


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The seed for the establishment and growth of TANUVAS was sown as early as 1876, when the Madras Veterinary College was started as an Agricultural School in Chennai to offer diploma and certificate course in the field of veterinary and animal sciences. The institute attained the status of a college in the year 1903 (01.10.1903), when it started functioning at Dobbin Hall, Chennai and admitted 20 students for a three-year diploma course called GMVC (Graduate of Madras Veterinary College).
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HYDERABAD, India, Feb. 10, 2012 /PRNewswire/ -- Neuland Laboratories Ltd., (NSE: NEULANDLAB; BOM: 524558) a pharmaceutical manufacturer providing active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), complex intermediates and contract research and manufacturing services to customers located in 85 countries, today announced financial results for the third quarter of fiscal year (FY) 2012, ended December 31, 2011.
Revenues for the third quarter of FY 2012 were $21.6 million (1.10 billion INR*) compared to revenues in the third quarter of FY 2011 of $19.0 million (968 million INR), an increase of about 13.7%. The increase in revenues primarily reflects gains in sales of the company's products and services from its API, contract research and manufacturing, and peptides synthesis businesses.
Neuland reported EBITDA of $1.85 million (94.50 million INR) in the third quarter of FY 2012, compared to EBITDA of $2.19 million (111.85 million INR) in the comparable period in FY 2011, a decrease of about 15.5%. The decrease in EBITDA in the current quarter primarily reflects higher materials and labor costs compared to the year-earlier period.
The company reported an after-tax loss in the third quarter of FY 2012 of ($0.67 million), (negative 34.00 million INR), compared to after-tax profits of $ 0.82 million (41.59 million INR) in the third quarter of FY 2011. The loss reported in the third quarter of FY 2012 partly reflects non-cash, unrealized losses on foreign exchange rate hedges.
"In the third quarter of FY 2012 we reported good sales growth compared to the same period in FY 2011," noted Dr. D.R. Rao, Chairman and Managing Director of Neuland Labs. "However, rising materials and labor costs, along with non-cash, unrealized expenses primarily associated with managing our foreign exchange needs generated a small loss for the quarter."
"We are pleased that Neuland increased its revenues in the third quarter of this year compared with our top-line results in fiscal 2011," said Sucheth R. Davuluri, Chief Executive Officer of Neuland Labs. "We intend to continue our strategy of growing both our established and newer lines of business, which build on Neuland's reputation for quality, service and innovation."
For a complete set of Neuland's FY 2012 and FY 2011 financial data, visit http://neulandlabs.com/about/financials.html.Neuland Laboratories is listed on India's National Stock Exchange under the symbol NEULANDLAB and on the Bombay Stock Exchange under code 524558 and the symbol Neuland.EO.* = Indian rupees
Neuland Laboratories Limited is proposing, subject to receipt of requisite approvals, market conditions and other considerations, an offer on a rights basis of its equity shares in the near future and has filed a Draft Letter of Offer in this regard with the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) on 30th September 2011. It is available on the website of SEBI at www.sebi.gov.in and the website of the Lead Manager at www.sbicaps.com.
About Neuland Labs
For over 25 years Neuland Labs has been at the forefront of supporting drug development through its consulting services and its cGMP contract and API manufacturing. The company is committed to research, supporting a state-of-the-art R&D operation. Neuland Labs scientists have developed more than 300 processes from bench scale to commercial production and filed more than 400 drug master files worldwide. Its manufacturing facilities are inspected and approved by the FDA and other leading regulatory agencies. Its record of quality manufacturing and reliability is highlighted by cGMP certifications that include the FDA, TGA, EDQM, German Health Authority, ISO 14001, ISO 27001 and OHSAS 18001. For more information, visit www.NeulandLabs.com Contacts:
Neuland Laboratories Ltd.
US MediaNS Viswanathan
BioCom Partners/Brandwidth SolutionsVice President- Finance
Barbara Lindheim+91 40 30211600
+1 212 584-2276 email@example.com@biocompartners.com
|SOURCE Neuland Laboratories Ltd.
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OMCA Connect | Public Opening of 'We Dream in Art' Mural Banner
Join the Oakland community during Friday Nights @ OMCA for the unveiling and celebration of a new major public art project, the 'We Dream in Art' mural on Oak and 12th Streets!
For the last six months, OMCA's community engagement team, OMCA Connect, has been attending community events and festivals, asking Oaklanders to answer the question "What is your dream for your community?" and collecting their responses in the form of collage squares. The mural is a combination of the citizen art collected and photographs of the many faces of our community.
The mural was created with the help of artists and collaborators, including partner organizations YMCA of the East Bay, Oakland Asian Cultural Center, Eastside Arts Alliance, and the Alameda County Arts Commission, as well as the communities they serve, and in partnership with 100 Families Alameda County, a program of the Alameda County Arts Commission through the support and shared vision of New Beginnings.
Check out the 'We Dream in Art' video