text:
UPDATE January 20, 2012: Olight discontinued their ITP brand of budget lights a few months ago, and released new versions of the old ITP A-series lights (now known as the Olight i-series). See my recent comparison review of the new Olight i3 here.
UPDATE August 4, 2011: I recently bought a new XP-G R5 version of the ITP EOS A3. Comparison beamshots, runtimes, and PWM testing for this new version is presented at the very end of this review.
Reviewer's Note: The ITP A3 EOS lights were provided for review by GoingGear.com. Please see their sales thread in CPFM for more info. The Maratac AAA lights were provided for review by CPF user StandardBattery.
Warning: very pic heavy!
Combined ITP A3 EOS specifications, condensed from GoingGear's website:
- Cree 7090-XP-E Q5
- Operating voltage: 0.9V - 3.0V
- Uses 1 x AAA, 1 x Rechargeable NiMh AAA, or 1 x 10420 (10420 batteries are not recommended).
- Dimensions: Length: 66.5mm , Diameter: 14 mm
- Color: Black
- Weight: 9 g without batteries and keychain
- Standard Edition: Single output level – 80 lumens (55 minutes runtime)
- Upgrade Edition: Three output levels - Medium 18 lumens (4 hours) -> Low 1.5 lumens (50 hours) ->-High 80 lumens (55 minutes)
- Superior heat sink that disperses heat to protect LED and electrical components
- Orange peel reflector.
- Mil-spec: MIL-STD-810F
- MSRP: ~$20 (price varies depending on specific make/model and supplier)
This review is of the much-discussed and highly-anticipated ITP A3 EOS and Maratac AAA keychain flashlights.
The ITP EOS comes in two flavors, a Standard single-stage version and an Upgraded multi-level version. The Maratac AAA comes in a multi-level version that is widely believed to be identical to the Upgraded ITP EOS (scroll down to find out ). All lights come in a choice of anodizing finishes - black or natural gray.
Packaging for the ITP EOS lights is the same for both versions. They come in a fairly basic box with the light, attached keychain ring, removable pocket clip, spare o-rings, and user manual. Both lights included the same manual which has both sets of instructions for the Standard or Upgraded versions.
The Maratac lights are even more minimalist. Here all you get is the light with attached keychain anchor point, pocket clip, one page manual card, and spare o-rings - all in a clear sealed pouch. Clearly, the Maratac version is meant to be more of a budget offering.
For all compilation pics below, the ITP EOS Standard version will be shown first, followed by the Upgraded version, and then finally the Maratac AAAs.
From left to right: Duracell AAA, ITP EOS Standard (Black), ITP EOS Upgraded (Nat), Maratac (Nat), Maratac AAA (Black), Fenix L0D, LiteFlux LF2XT, Lumapower Avenger GX.
Note that the anodizing difference between the Natural finish on the ITP EOS and Maratac samples is not as great as it appears above (although the ITP version does seem a bit more brown).
As you can see, the Standard ITP EOS is about 3 mm shorter than either the Upgraded EOS or the Maratac lights. This is likely due to the simpler circuit needed in the standard single-level light.
Dimensons: (weights are all with no keychain attached, but with pocket clip installed)
ITP EOS Single-stage: Weight: 10.3g, Length: 66.6mm, Width: 14.0mm (bezel)
ITP EOS Upgraded: Weight: 11.6g, Length: 69.7, Width: 14.1mm (bezel)
Maratac 1xAAA: Weight: 10.9g , Length: 67.5mm, Width: 14.1mm (bezel)
Overall weight and size are remarkably low for all models – they are not that much bigger than an AAA battery. Despite the small scale, battery tube wall thickness feels sturdy enough.
The main differences between the Maratac and ITP EOS offerings are in the external styling and keychain attachment point.
The Maratac lights use fairly aggressive knurling on both the body and head to help with grip. The ITP EOS lights have grooves running along the length of the body/head. Personally, I find the Maratac versions to be "grippier".
The keychain attachment point on the Maratacs is a removable piece of metal around the tailcap region (which frankly seems a little thin and fragile to me).
In contrast, the ITP EOS lights have a built-in split-ring attachment point on the tail of the light, and come with an included chain and keychain ring (note the actual large keychain ring portion can be quickly removed from the rest of the chain). While this is definitely sturdier on the ITP versions, the attachment point does prevent tailstanding.
Otherwise, all the details of these lights are identical. They all seem to use the same emitter in reflector combination. The heads and bodies of the lights are interchangeable for all the members (i.e. you can put the Maratac head on the EOS body, and vice versa). Even the pocket clips are identical between all the models!
The positive contact board in the head seems to be the same on both the Upgraded ITP EOS and Maratac lights. In keeping with the smaller head (and simpler function), the Standard EOS contact board is slightly different.
Screw threads are anodized on all lights, which of course is necessary to ensure lockout (i.e. lights are only activated when the head is screwed fully down).
Internally, all lights have a simple spring at the bottom of the battery tube that can be manually removed (a sample from the Maratac is shown above).
Getting a strong feeling that the Maratac and ITP lights are one of the same?
The lights come in two finishes: black and natural gray (although my Upgraded EOS sample seems a bit more brown). Personally, I'm a fan of natural finish on keychain lights, as they survive abuse better (i.e. dings and scratches are less noticeable). According to the specs, these lights use a type III hard anodized finish.
Fit and finish are excellent on all my samples, with no chips or marks. The lettering is clear and sharp on all samples.
The lights use the new smaller Cree Q5 XP-E emitter, in a premium white cool tint. For more information on tints and color perception, please see my Colour tint comparison and the summary LED tint charts found here.
XP-E emitters tend to have fairly smooth beams with minimal Cree rings, even with smooth reflectors. In this case, there seems to be a fairly mild orange-peel texturing to the reflectors. Combined with the fairly shallow depth, you get a reasonably wide beam with smooth transition from spot to spill (see below).
Comparison Beamshots
All lights are on Hi/Max on Sanyo Eneloop (NiMH), about 0.5 meters from a white wall.
As you can tell, there is no real difference between the EOS/Maratac samples. Overall beam pattern is fairly similar to the Fenix L0D. Note that the camera is accentuating the tint differences a bit in the first panel, but the Fenix L0D (older Cree P4 model) does indeed have a slight bluish cool white tint. The Avenger GX is on the warm end of cool white (maybe a WG-WH tint), and the LF2XT is not as orange as the pic above suggests – a lot more yellow (4C neutral tint).
All four of my EOS/Maratac samples have a premium cool white tint.
User Interface
The user interface of the ITP EOS Standard single-stage light is extremely simple: twist the head tight against the body to activate the light, loosen to turn off.
The Upgraded ITP EOS and Maratac AAA lights use an identical interface to the Fenix L0D. When first activated, the light comes on in Medium. Do a rapid twist off-on and the light advances to low. Do another rapid off-on twist and the light advances to Hi. Wait a few seconds before re-activating the light after turning off, and it returns to default Medium.
This cycle continues indefinitely - keep doing off-on twists to run through all the sequences in order again. There is no strobe or SOS mode on any of these lights.
FYI, I noticed that performing a too-rapid switch on my ITP EOS Upgraded sometimes didn't advance the level (i.e. it didn't seem to register the off mode). You may need to go a little slower to reliably switch levels.
Pulse-Width-Modulation (PWM)
The Standard ITP EOS does not use PWM for its lone output mode, and neither do the Upgraded ITP EOS or Maratac AAA lights on their Hi mode.
On Medium and Low, the ITP EOS Upgraded and Maratac lights both use 200 Hz PWM, on all battery sources.
While still visible, this is better than the 100 Hz PWM of the original Fenix L0D . Note that later model Fenix L0D/LD01 lights used a much higher and undetectable PWM frequency.
Throw/Output Summary Chart:
Note in the comparison above that my Fenix L0D is an early edition with a Cree P4. Based on a 350mA drive current (where Cree Output bins are determined), a Cree Q5 emitter would be expected to be ~30% brighter on average, for the same drive current.
As expected, there was relatively little difference in output or throw between all the Maratac and ITP samples. This makes the Maratac and ITP lights the brightest 1xAAA lights on standard batteries in my collection at the moment (though likely close to what a Q5-equipped LD01 would produce).
The real difference between these lights comes out the Lo/Med levels – here, the EOS/Maratac lights have a lower Lo than the Fenix L0D, but a higher Medium. See runtimes below for more information.
I've also included basic Min and Max lightbox numbers for a couple of these lights on 1x10440 Li-ion. I have not included detailed throw numbers for reasons I will discuss in the detailed conclusions of this review.
Output/Runtime Comparison:
As you can see, there is remarkably little variation between the various Maratac and ITP samples on Hi. The output/runtime performance is virtually identical on all samples, including the single stage ITP EOS.
Similarly, on Medium, output and runtime are remarkably similar on my samples. It thus seems clear to me that the ITP EOS Upgraded and Maratac AAA lights use the exact same circuit.
In terms of performance, I think the ITP EOS/Maratac lights do quite well at all levels on standard batteries. When matched for output, runtimes seem comparable to the LiteFlux LF2XT, which is my best performing1xAAA light to date.
For 1x10440 Li-ion, here are the results of the Medium level run:
Here you can see runtime performance is acceptable, although certainly not as impressive as my LiteFlux LF2XT. I would note that only the LiteFlux light is officially rated to accept this higher voltage battery source. Regardless, I do not recommend running an unprotected Li-ion in any light without a circuit that has built-in cutoff protection features (e.g. LiteFlux LF2XT). If you over-discharge a Li-ion cell below ~2.7V (which typically occurs as soon as the output begins to drop), your cell will be damaged and should be discarded.
I don't plan to do runtimes on Hi on 10440, but here's a graph showing you the comparison to the initial value I observed:
Simply put, I do not recommend running such small lights at this output level on a Li-ion battery. It seems to me that the heat generated from this output level could be sufficient to potentially trigger a thermal runaway that could destroy the emitter.
Moreover, given the runtime performance of the L0D on Hi (which had a >4C discharge rate!), I doubt my 10440 would last for very long if I kept doing these tests. That sort of discharge rate is damaging to a Li-ion battery, and I don't think that is something you want to do. If you really want to use a 10440 cell, please avoid the Hi mode and avoid over-discharge.
Potential Issues
The 3-mode ITP EOS Upgraded/Maratac lights use visible 200Hz PWM on their Medium/Low levels. There is no PWM on Hi, or on the single-stage ITP EOS.
The keychain clip attachment point on the Maratac seems a little flimsy. The built-in attachment point on ITP EOS versions is better, but prevents tailstanding.
One of my Maratac lights occasionally experienced some flickering upon activation in the default output mode (i.e. Med). Cycling through all the levels and back to Med invariably solved the problem, although I'm not sure why.
General Observations
I can see why these lights have generated so much interest here. They have a very compelling feature set – and even more compelling price (~$20 or so).
First off, I can confirm that circuit performance of the Maratac AAA and ITP EOS Upgraded edition are identical. Basically, the choice between them comes down to the build differences (and local availability).
Physically, the lights are actually interchangeable – you can put the Maratac head on either of the ITP bodies, and vice versa (although the Standard ITP EOS head is shorter than the multi-level Upgraded/Maratac versions, likely due to the simpler circuit required for single-stage). It all comes down to styling preference – scroll back up the review for some detailed comparison pics and comments.
Thanks to the XP-E emitter and shallow OP reflector, the beam profile is fairly pleasant for a keychain light, IMO (i.e. broad and diffuse hotspot, fairly wide spillbeam, minimal rings). For the multi-level lights, the output levels are well spaced – Medium (i.e. default on) seems to be set higher than the Fenix L0D, and Lo is even lower. Max output is one of the highest in my collection for this class.
Although not officially supported, 10440 Li-ion seems to work in the Maratac/ITP EOS – and with greater output at all levels, as expected. But I DO NOT recommend you run these lights on Hi on 10440. Output was extremely high on Max – and there is no way that amount of light (and heat) is going to be good for the emitter OR the battery in such a small shell. I have not done runtimes at this level, and I suggest you don't try either. You don't want your Li-ion going .
My only real issue with the lights is the visible PWM on Med/Lo (200Hz in my testing). Clearly, there is a lot of individual variability in detecting and/or being bothered by PWM. But I would strongly encourage ITP to raise the PWM freq to undetectable levels (i.e. >1 kHz), as I personally consider these lights only minimally acceptable at their current level. Of course, your experience may be different (and count yourself lucky if it is ).
One last minor point – I never really got the point of the Med-Lo-Hi sequence on 1xAAA lights I presume the reasoning is that Med is likely to be used the most, but the sequence is just not intuitive. Lo-Med-Hi would be the most useful when having dark-adapted eyes. After all, it's not like anyone would use a 1xAAA keychain for "tactical" purposes.
But these are minor points. Fundamentally, the combination of multi-levels, excellent efficiency, good beam, small size, and unbelievably low price makes these lights an incredible deal. I'm not surprised by the warm welcome they have received here. As for me, I will be loading up on these as gifts for friends and family. Now to go and find a good deal on Energizer L92 lithiums to bundle with them …
UPDATE August 4, 2011: ITP has made significant upgrades to this light since it was first released. To start, the mode sequence has been changed to Lo > Med > Hi, and PWM frequency has been increased to visually undetectable levels (2.45 kHz in my testing):
The emitter has been upgraded to a XP-G R5, which produces greater output. Here are some recent comparison beamshots:
Here is how this new version compares to other 1xAAA lights for output and runtime:
As you can see, these are significant upgrades to the light.


text:
Book: Expert C# 5.0: with the .NET 4.5 Framework (Expert Apress)
Publisher: Apress
Year: 2012
Expert C# 5.0 is a book about getting the best from C#. It's based on the principle that to write good, high-performance, robust applications you need to understand whats going on deep under the hood. If you are already experienced with writing managed applications and want to learn more about how to get the best from the language at an advanced level, then this is the book for you.
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Who this book is for
This book is for experienced C# developers who are comfortable working with the language. You should be happy creating non-trivial code samples and ready to delve into the detail of the language's workings in order to truly master the concepts.
Table of Contents
Reintroducing C# – A detailed look at the language we all know
C# objects in Memory
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ForEach and Iterator
The String data type
Collections explained
LINQ in C#
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
Wednesday, May 7, 2008
uh... wow....
lidstrom: 3rd round, 1989
holmstrom: 10th round 1994
datsyuk 6th round, 1998
zetterberg: 7th round, 1999
kronvall: 1st round, 2000
filppula: 3rd round, 2002
hudler: 2nd round, 2002
franzen: 3rd round, 2004
add to that a couple of young depth players (jonathan ericsson, tomas kopecky) and it's truly an embarassment of riches... in contrast, the flames' 07/08 team dressed only 5 players that were drafted by the organization (lombardi, moss, boyd, nystrom, phaneuf), and only the defenseman was given a top-line role....
calgary's selections in the same rounds of the same drafts, by comparison, would look like this, 1st round in bold (unless marked with an **, where there was no first round selection):
- Veli-Pekka Kautonen (before lidstrom), kent manderville**
- Mike Peluso (before holmstrom), chris dingman
- Brent Gauvreau (before datsyuk), blair betts**
- Blair Stayzer (before z'berg), saprykin
- Brent Krahn (before kronwall)
- Eric Nystrom, Brian McConnell 2nd round (before hudler), and lombardi 3rd (before filppula)
- calgary had 2 selections in the 3rd round of 2004. prust went before franzen. boyd went after. kris chucko
god, that's depressing....
brutal, brutal, brutal
in other news, did anyone know that valtteri filppula looks like this:
glad i could help out.
13 comments:
- Kent W. said...
Kris Chucko. Whatever Flames scout was convinced this kid was going to be an NHLer (let alone worthy of a first round selection) should be booted out of the Saddledome wearing only a potato sack and a dunce cap.
- May 8, 2008 at 10:20 AM
- MacS said...
I had an interesting conversation with someone the other day regarding Detroits drafting record. He made the very excellent point that it probably has more to do with Detroit's development systems than their scouts. For instance, if they actually had a good idea of how good Datsyuk or Zetterberg to be, why didn't they take them earlier on?
I think he's on to something.
- May 8, 2008 at 10:46 AM
- awildermode said...
yeah, but how many of detroit's draft pick are dating elisha cuthbert???
calgary 1, detroit 0
- May 8, 2008 at 11:47 AM
- walkinvisible said...
t probably has more to do with Detroit's development systems than their scouts.
to a certain extent, agreed. i think the mere fact that they RETAIN a lot of their prospects through the system and into the NHL says a lot about their organization.
on the other hand, we could've sent kris chucko to grand rapids on draft day and my bet is that he'd still suck, currently...
though they rarely get a first round pick, detroit has managed to create a viable NHLer in every draft for the past decade (save for 2001):
1998: fischer, datsyuk
1999: z'berg
2000: kronwall, kopecky
2002: hudler, filppula, ericsson
2004: franzen
2006: logan pyett
2007: tbd
like, wow....
- May 8, 2008 at 1:24 PM
- MacS said...
on the other hand, we could've sent kris chucko to grand rapids on draft day and my bet is that he'd still suck, currently...
I will never defend Chucko.
though they rarely get a first round pick, detroit has managed to create a viable NHLer in every draft for the past decade (save for 2001):
But I mean, the Flames picked Lombo in what, the third round? Does that mean we have a good eye for talent late in the draft, or does that mean we simply missed him the first two times?
They picked what, 6 players before Zetterberg? That's not exactly great talent identification, at least not by the procurement department.
- May 8, 2008 at 1:50 PM
- Jason said...
Comparing your hockey team to Detroit on a regular basis is just a recipe for zoloft prescriptions and AA meetings...
- May 8, 2008 at 2:08 PM
- walkinvisible said...
I will never defend Chucko.
uhhh, you can't, dude... it's best not to try....
They picked what, 6 players before Zetterberg? That's not exactly great talent identification
detroit's 1st pick in 99 was the fourth round, so they only selected 3 before z'berg. and while i see what you're saying, we used those 6 rounds to take saprykin, dan cavanaugh, craig anderson, roman rozakov, matt doman, jesse cook, cory pecker (haha), matt underhill, and blair stayzer.
available selections past the first round: auld, commodore, leopold, hagman, F.kaberle, weinhandl, havelid, comrie, radevojevic, C. kelly, M. tjarnqvist, F. federov, rachunik, erat, kostopoulos, vrbata, exelby, parros (!!!), finger, & D. murray [in addition to zetterberg, of course].
THAT is not great talent idenification....
- May 8, 2008 at 2:19 PM
- MacS said...
My point though is that IF Detroit had drafted our players and we drafted theirs, they still would've ended up with more quality hockey players than us.
Again though, with Zetterberg, if Detroit (or any other team) had any idea he was going to be as good as he is right now, they would have traded up to get a higher pick to secure him.
Now I may be right about their development systems having a large impact, or I could be wrong, but my logic stands: If they knew he was that good he would have been drafted higher.
Regardless, it's inarguable to say that Detroit's done far better than us in picking and keeping good hockey players within their system, for whatever reason. I'm really just nitpicking for healthy debate's sake.
- May 8, 2008 at 2:49 PM
- walkinvisible said...
it's kindof a chicken-or-egg argument. are the drafted detroit players statistically BETTER, or are they developped better....? there is some merit to arguing that the flames' development system can't be terrible, if you look at the players that have come thru here (st.louis, stillman, hull, giguere). it's just that those players largely weren't drafted by us....
i am also arguing for argument's sake, fyi. nothing better to do, really.... ;)
- May 8, 2008 at 3:57 PM
- Kent W. said...
I think an added variable in this debate may be the dynamics of the draft itself: for instance, I have the feeling that a lot of teams kind of "know" how the teams before them are going to draft. I think that's part of the reason Sutter traded down last year and still got Backlund - he got wind roughly how the teams ahead were picking, so he felt safe dropping down and adding a pick because there was a good chance the guy he was going after was still going to be around.
- May 8, 2008 at 8:14 PM
- MacS said...
MG/WI, you're both absolutely right, teams do draft down, the Flames do get some good players, but no one will ever convince me that if Detroit knew Zetterburg was good enough to be a top 5 guy in the league they would ever gamble by waiting 7 rounds. 1 maybe, 2 in a stretch. Maybe 3 if they had a very arrogant GM. The risk/reward ratio for that plan just doesn't work, no matter how you slice it.
Sorry, I'm really repeating myself, but I just think it's gotta be a mix of factors, not just good scouting.
- May 8, 2008 at 9:37 PM
- walkinvisible said...
zetterberg was a fluke.
better ?
- May 8, 2008 at 11:29 PM
- MacS said...
- May 9, 2008 at 9:29 AM


text:
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text:
Naomi Campbell and Kate Moss Pay Tribute to Friend Alexander McQueen
PA Photos/Landov
Naomi Campbell and Kate Moss paid tribute Thursday to their recently deceased friend, designer Alexander McQueen, on the eve of London Fashion Week. Wearing print dresses from the designer's Spring/Summer 2010 collection they took to the catwalk, along with McQueen's muse, Annabelle Neilson, at the Fashion For Relief Haiti charity show at Somerset House in London. The three pals were joined on the catwalk by Geri Halliwell, Pixie Geldof, Denise Van Outen, model Erin O'Connor, and even America's Got Talent judge Piers Morgan. At a celebrity auction later, Moss brushed away tears and had to be comforted by Neilson as Topshop boss Sir Philip Green bid £100,000 ( for the Alexander McQueen mini dress she wore on the catwalk. The show, which raised a reported £1 million to benefit Haiti, followed Wednesday's announcement that the 40-year-old designer died from asphyxiation after hanging himself in a closet at his Mayfair, London apartment on February 11th. –Liz Corcoran


text:
Legendre functions can be of first and second kinds; $P$, $Q$.
They can have order $\mu$ and degree $\nu$; $P^\mu_\nu$ $Q^\mu_\nu$
But do they also have Types? Some of the numerical software I am using defines "types" for Legendre. In fact, most if not all seem to.
Mathematica defines "types" 2 and 3
http://functions.wolfram.com/HypergeometricFunctions/LegendreP2General/02/ http://functions.wolfram.com/HypergeometricFunctions/LegendreP3General/02/
And the MPmath software I am using(via Sagemath) does the same.
The types do not agree for non-integer orders $\mu$. Confusingly, there does not appear to be a type 1 in either source.
So my question is: What are these types? Are they just numerical conventions, or are they important mathematical subtleties which can affect the solutions to Legendre's differential equation? (I'm particularly worried about the behaviour of the exponent m/2 given in the formulae for irrational m on negative numbers.)


text:
This archived webinar explains how you can use multiphysics simulation to model microwave and RF heating in antennas, circuit boards, living tissue, and devices that combine metallic and lossy dielectric domains.
The performance of microwave and RF products is influenced by many interacting physical effects, such as mechanical forces and heat transfer, which can affect electromagnetic properties. Developing multiphysics models can help you to better understand and optimize your device designs to give you a competitive advantage. This archived webinar demonstrates how.


text:
For the week ending 23 June 2007 / 7 Tammuz 5767
The Bus Driver Comes Through
In Jerusalem there is a group of religious women who daily make an early morning trip to the Kotel on an Egged Company bus to pray at the holy site.
When it came to Israel Independence Day a problem arose because the buses didn't start running until a later hour. The driver informed the group that one of the company buses could be rented on a private basis and suggested that the collection be made among the group members to cover the cost. This was duly done but the amount collected was 150 shekelim short of the required sum. Not willing to lose out on the merit of taking this group on its sacred mission, the driver agreed to supply the missing amount himself!


text:
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Start your kite adventure with ''The 41st Annual WILDE SUBARU Frank Mots International Kite Festival, PRESENTED BY The Certified Angus Beef Brand and Summit Credit Union..It's a Revolution.. to be held on Saturday, September 7th,& Sunday September 8th, 2019, in Veterans Park on Milwaukee's Lakefront from 10:00 am
until 6:00Pm Saturday and 10:00 am until 5:00pm on Sunday. We will kick off the festival at 12 noon with the Grand launch of hopefully 600 kites. That's right...two great days of flying.
The event is sponsored by the Kite Society of Wisconsin and Illinois, and Gift of Wings, and our newest sponsors WILDE SUBARU, The Certified Angus Beef Brand, Summit Credit Union, B93.3, FM 102/1 and 100.3 fm & 1290 am The Fonz. Featured performers, and their Fourth time at Mots, TOO MUCH FUN, with Special guests Castel & Carol Pittman and they are the FORC-E and from "America's Got Talent", are Connor and Amy Doran. You saw Connor Perform in 2010 on AGT, and now you will see him live in Veterans Park, along with his unbelievable mom, Amy Doran, who will perform her celebrated Charlie Chaplin routine..You don't want to miss this Revolutionary team. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lGvL7OTr2_0
Mots will also feature the Chicago Fire Kite Team, with their newest member Elizabeth Gordon and featuring Eric Wolff, Celebrating 32 years,
(http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d5J5X2dKmr0). (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oP8emap5ie4) Mots also will feature Josh Gordon, 02, the kids kites of Charlie Sotich, Dan Newman, Paul Koepke,
Mike Delfar, The Blues Brothers, Ann Vondriska, & Jeanne Herrera as Mrs Kite Lady 2, and the most powerful line up of giant kites in the Midwest..The Giant Kites of Gift of Wings, flown by Yves, Robert, Gilles and Don.
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like us to mention? Would you like Gift of Wings to help your organization
put on a Kite Festival? Let us know by e-mailing us at firstname.lastname@example.com!
© 2005 Gift of Wings.com Veterans
Park, Milwaukee, WI. 414/273-5483
9955 W. St. Martins Road, Franklin, WI 53132 414.425.8002
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Banner photos Courtesy of Ian Pritchard,


text: Charity Shop Volunteer We are looking to recruit volunteers for our Finchley Road Charity Shop. The role of the volunteer is to support the manager in the successful running of the Hospice Shop either in St John's Wood or Finchley road. Organisation: St John's Hospice Location: Westminster Type: Individuals, Groups, Corporate groups, 16-17 year olds Date: Ongoing/flexible


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Photo from Knitscene
Have you seen the Fall issue of Knitscene? I am proud to have my first print magazine published design in Knitscene. Back in October of 2010, I saw Lisa Shroyer's call for submissions for Knitscene's Fall issue. I looked at the mood board and thought about submitting. At that point, I had only self-published 2 of my designs on Ravelry. I had a design that I had swatched a month ago and wanted to send that in. But I wanted to re-knit the swatch in a different color. Well, time went by pretty fast and the deadline approached. I never did get the chance to re-knit it. I was left with 2 choices: not submitting or submit my design in the current color swatch that day. Well, I went for it and quickly sketched out my design proposal. I really had no clue what I was doing, but I did the best that I could. Drawing was never my strong suit in art school, but I was hoping my swatch could convey my idea.
Photo from Knitscene
Melody was the one that kissed the package and dropped it in the mail box for me at the post office. She was my lucky charm. Honestly, I didn't feel that I had a chance of getting in but it wouldn't hurt to try. In the beginning of December, I got a email from Lisa that she loved my shawl design and the color yarn I used. In fact, she chose a yarn and color for the sample that is pretty much the same as the yarn I used. It was fate.
When I got the acceptance email, I was jumping up and down. Melody thought it was funny and started doing the same even though she didn't understand why I was so happy. I immediately called my husband and then my sister. Even though they both do not knit, they were excited for me. I was on cloud 9 for a while.
The shawl is knit from the top-down with a simple eyelet pattern and sections of stockinette. The border of the shawl is done with a crochet hook. You don't need to know how to crochet. As long as you can make chains with a crochet hook, you have all the necessary skills for the border. The finished shawl measures 60" wide and 27" deep at center point, after blocking. It's a full size shawl which is a first for me. I think there may be more full size shawl designs in my future.
In the mean time, Ravel It. It has been fun seeing the projects show up on Ravelry. I love the variegated versions that some people are doing.


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The Legend of Fat Dead Steve
My mother called me, as mothers often do to their sons, to alert me that she had found a box of mine amongst her belongings. This came as a surprise, since I thought I'd already been using all the boxes I owned as furniture.
Kidding! I don't use furniture! But I was still surprised. I hadn't lived with my mother for six years, and I couldn't think of anything I hadn't used in the last 6 years that I wanted to use now. Well, there was there was that one girl my freshman year of high school…
Kidding! There was no girl my freshman year of high school! If you think being a 24-year-old without furniture makes it tough to date, imagine subtracting ten years and adding 10 zits to the equation. Also, imagine trying to get a date while spending that much time doing equations.
I told my mother that the box couldn't possibly be mine, and even if it had been mine in the past, I was well past the statute of limitation on ownership. You can't claim ownership of something and just leave it sitting there for six years. I know people who don't even respect when you call "fives" during a commercial. But she, as mothers often do to their sons, had the box waiting for me in the hallway when I visited next.
The box turned out to have been mine. Though I hesitate to say "mine" because the me now and the me of this box are two very different people. And this box had the pictures to prove it. I always say I'd dress very well if I had the money. This box was proof that at 16, I was very, very poor.
Wow. Can I say that again? Wow. By the end of this column, I'll probably say it to myself a few more times because I haven't seen this much flannel since Lilith Fair. Not that I've been to Lilith fair, but with this hair and these clothes, I'd have fit right in. It wasn't actual flannel - just pictures of it. Rolls of pictures indicating exactly why there was no girl freshman year. It astounds me that there were any shortly thereafter.
But amongst the pictures of me looking like Tori Amos, I found one of my all-time favorite pictures - Fat Dead Steve. Do not be concerned - I was never fat nor dead, though I was certainly Steve. But one night at camp, my friends and I dressed a dummy like me and hurled it off a roof while people on the porch below us had a heart attack. Maybe even several heart attacks. It was a while ago, so I can't recall exactly.
It was one of those boring camp nights that make you want to dress up a dummy like yourself and hurl it off a roof. And in the perfect coincidence, we'd found a dummy used in a camp play, and realized that it wouldn't be too tough to dress it in flannel.
My friend Mike and I, as friends often do with each other and the cast of Third Rock From the Sun, climbed out my upstairs window and sat on the roof while people talked below us. But this time, we brought Fat Dead Steve and talked very loudly so everyone knew we were up there. After a few minutes, Mike cautioned me to get away from the edge, and I laughed and said I was indestructible. And then we hurled that sucker over our heads like an out of bounds soccer ball. Maybe it was more like a basketball, because that's what doubled as the head. Which was perfect, since it bounced just a bit before settling in a mangled heap.
Mike ran downstairs and burst out the door and yelled, "Oh my God, is Steve okay?!" I followed him close behind and yelled, "Oh my God, am I okay?!" The horrified, yet angry look on everyone's faces was well worth the many slaps on the shoulder we received soon afterwards.
On the last night of camp, we hurled the dummy off the roof again, but this time it was for a picture. And before digital cameras were commonplace (maybe even before they existed), our picture turned out perfectly. Though no one can tell exactly what is going on without the back-story, that picture is certainly worth 1,000 words. Ironic, since I'm only writing 800 about it.
I put the picture away, packed up the box, and, as sons often do to their mothers, left it sitting there to take care of in a few months when I get back to town. There are more pressing matters now - like getting a mannequin for the next time I'm bored.
I'm glad my mother kept that box all these years. But whoever I know with a two-story house won't be.


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President Barack Obama has nominated a longtime U.S. diplomat to the Mideast as its next ambassador to Libya, filling the sensitive post that has been vacant since Ambassador Chris Stevens was killed in an attack on an American outpost on Sept. 11.
Deborah K. Jones has served in American embassies in Kuwait, United Arab Emirates, and Syria as a career diplomat. She also worked in U.S. embassies in Turkey and Ethiopia.
She would head the U.S. diplomatic mission in Libya's capital of Tripoli under the specter of increased tensions and tight security there since Stevens' death.
Stevens was killed in a terror attack on the diplomatic mission while visiting Benghazi on the 11th anniversary of 9/11.
Jones currently is a scholar at the Middle East Institute in Washington.


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Sharing Memories of Elkin Isaac, '48
Alumni and friends of Albion College, as well as the entire Albion and surrounding communities, are encouraged to express their thoughts about Elkin R. Isaac, '48, who passed away August 13, 2013.
Over three decades as a star student-athlete, coach and administrator, Isaac "personified Albion College," according to former Britons men's basketball coach and fellow Albion legend Mike Turner, '69. Since 1997, the annual student research symposium has borne his name.
Comments can be emailed to and will be published on this page. Comments can also be read and added on Facebook and Twitter.
I extend my deepest sympathy to Ike's family at his passing. I remember several important "learning experiences" as a result of my interactions with Ike over the years—lessons learned and not forgotten. He was a stalwart—a person of the highest integrity. Ike along with Morley had an important role in helping me understand many things about how to go forward in life. His coaching role was an ideal platform from which he could teach life lessons to the many generations of Albion College students whose lives he touched. He will be missed.
John Vournakis, '61
I first met Ike in 1958 at an Albion/Calvin track meet in Grand Rapids. I was a high school senior who'd committed to Albion College. I told Ike that I hadn't participated in high school athletics but really wanted to do the weights in college. Ike gave me an old, rubber college discus and told me to start throwing. I did so every night during the summer.
I went to Albion in the fall and subsequently threw the discus for Ike (and Albion College) for four years. During that time, Ike became a mentor to me. He was a man of impeccable character who embodied all the finest values of athletic competition. Under the tutelage of Ike and Morley Fraser, I grew immensely in many of the qualities that both defined and strengthened me for four decades of parish ministry.
Rev. Thomas E. Sagendorf, '62
I never ran track for one of Ike's teams, but I heard what he told one of his high-jumpers. "Son, it's about more than jumping over a stick." I played basketball and baseball at Albion, but I was one of his sons. There were more than a few of us over the years.
So if high-jumping was not really about jumping over a stick, what was it really about? For Ike, what mattered most is what we're all really about way down deep: We are physical, intellectual and spiritual creations with a moral sense. Our obligation to ourselves––and an educator's obligation to us––is to develop the best of what we're really about way down deep. For Ike, coach, winning was never––never––merely about jumping higher than or getting ahead of the next guy. For Ike, teacher, learning was never merely about getting a job. One important thing Ike taught me over the fifty years I was one of his "sons" is how important it is to pass the ball.
He worked hard at helping us do well at the games we wanted to play, for he understood how important it is to prepare for hard times. From his boyhood in Chicago he knew well the troubles of tough street life, and he knew what it's like to be held hostage to circumstance as a quiet hero inside the cockpit of a plane that somehow survived missions flying fuel supplies across the English Channel during World War II. Though his kind and intelligent wife, Edie, was at his side along with his loving daughter, Susan, he choked down the profound grief of losing his son, Ron, from an illness that took a talented youth and his gifts away in his prime. He knew from experience that life was a hard game to get right. It required hard work, and long study, and discipline, and mental alertness, and physical fitness, and high energy, honesty, compassion, graciousness, and passion for social justice.
We, his sons, loved this man. For most of us, our dads were so absent in their work he became the father we were missing out on. He, and his fathering, stayed with us for decades after our four years at Albion College were up. Several of his "sons" made annual pilgrimages to his home in Kalamazoo, then Lake Forest, Ill., then Fort Myers, Fla. There we talked and laughed and ate good food, and there Ike held us to scheduled "seminars" during which we, representing disciplines as diverse as physics and philosophy, had to express our views on several carefully selected major issues of the day. There, too, he called time out from our serious discussions to insist we live up to the requirements of our abductors, quadriceps, and external obliques. In his Fort Myers years he shooed us into the swimming pool along with his faithful following of old-timers in the 75-85 year-old range. Together we did his bidding––we did the daily workout needed to get in shape and stay in shape––because the body has a way of working its way into the heart and mind. It was Albion College all over again, fifty years later in Florida.
I got my worst grade at Albion from Ike. In a term paper I had inadequately described the kinesiology of the bones, muscles, and ligaments involved when a pitcher (like me at the time) throws a curveball toward home plate. "No, son," he said, "you can do better than this." He knew it, too.
We loved Ike, and Ike loved Albion, especially when he insisted, "You can do better than this." He saw that the College's future depended on its maintaining a meaningful sense of mission within an actively dedicated community. Competition was a way for individuals and groups to test their limits rather than to conquer rivals. He understood, with compassion, the problems underdogs and losers face. For this reason he kept reaching out beyond the comfort zone of the Albion campus, and tried hard to tie the College more meaningfully to a troubled and divided town. He knew that fair play could only happen on a level playing field.
Cedric Dempsey, one of Ike's "sons" and my varsity basketball coach at Albion, informed me about Ike's passing. I had talked to Ike by phone some days earlier and sensed that he knew his time was coming soon. He seemed perfectly at ease with the fact.
I wrote to Cedric: "I loved the man, with the kind of love that is not merely softly sentimental but based on reasoned respect for his basic qualities. Mind, body, and moral sense––these are what he educated and trained. He personified what an Albion education came to mean to me…. I've been thinking a lot about what 'spirit' is recently. Spirit is presence, and presence is power. Ike is in me, Ced, and he's in you, too, and a whole lot of the rest of us who know––present tense––him. Our names will fade, and his will, too, but his presence will remain as a power to be reckoned with long after we become anonymous. Good things happen when the ball is passed properly––unselfishly and artfully. Ike passed his life to us––unselfishly, artfully, and with beautiful passion."
Emilio DeGrazia, '63
Winona, MN


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Gloucester Island is situated at the northern end of the Whitsundays islands group,and is easily accessible by boat from Dingo Beach and Hydeaway Bay. Dingo Beach and Hydeaway bay are approximately 45 minutes drive from Airlie Beach, and a trailer boat is easily towed along roads of good quality, culminating in a three to four kilometre stretch of dirt road at Cape Gloucester. A public boat ramp is available at Dingo Beach, with sealed roads all the way, but this boat ramp is best used at high tide and may be inaccessible at low tide.
National Park Camping is available on Gloucester Island on two locations, Bona Bay and East Side Bay. Bona Bay is the most easily accessed with a good sandy beach and anchorage. The westerly outlook is a favourite with local campers, and the site offers facilities such as compost toilet, picnic tables and all tide access, taking up to 36 campers at once. East Side Bay is exposed to most winds and can be rough. This self-sufficient site has no facilities and takes a maximum of just six campers at one time.
All campsites require permits
Note: Information on listed products and services are provided by the operator and were correct at the time of publishing. Rates are indicative based on the minimum and maximum available prices of products and services. Please visit the operator's website for further information. All prices quoted are in Australian dollars (AUD).


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Milestones have been marked, summits reached, distant roads travelled and primal archetypes mastered. It is now time to unfold elegant fabric. It took years of experimenting with different fibres, new cuts and combinations, as well as implementing feedback from several test riders, who covered thousands of kilometres. EDELSTOFF represents the final piece in the pursuit of dominance on and off the bike.
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First-place faceoff in Music City
AP Pro Football Writer
To Kenny Chesney, Taylor Swift and Lady Antebellum, add the Tennessee Titans as practitioners of sweet music in Nashville.
An AFC South devoid of Peyton Manning already has developed into a two-team race between the Titans (3-2) and reeling Houston Texans (3-3). The Titans begin a three-game homestand with a superb chance to lay claim to the division in what was supposed to be a transitional season under new coach Mike Munchak.
"Good teams in this league win at home. Great teams in this league are undefeated at home. We can put our foot down on some guys, take control of the division and get into the playoffs and try to make a run," said fullback Ahmard Hall, who is from Houston – the former home of the Titans, of course.
Hall believes that adds some spice to the series, which Tennessee leads 13-5. A year ago, with a much different roster that was headed for a 6-10 record that cost Jeff Fisher his job as coach, the Titans won 31-17 in Music City in Game 14. That loss helped keep the Texans from their first playoff berth.
"I almost think they could lose every game of the year and if they beat us they'd be happy," Hall said. "They definitely hate us. It's a big rivalry game for them, and they definitely want to come in here and beat us."
With the Colts in free-fall minus Manning and the Jaguars a mess, many assumed Houston would run off with the AFC South. Instead, the Texans have been ravaged by injuries – their best player on each side of the ball, receiver Andre Johnson and linebacker Mario Williams, have been sidelined, Williams for the rest of the year – and they've lost three of the last four. They fell apart late in the last two defeats, quarterback Matt Schaub also is banged-up, and their confidence is fragile.
"It's always a big game when we play (Tennessee), a very physical game, a divisional game, which makes it even more important," coach Gary Kubiak said. "It's something we are looking forward to coming off of two tough losses, trying to regroup over here."
Also Sunday, it's Green Bay at Minnesota, Atlanta at Detroit, Chicago vs. Tampa Bay at London, Denver at Miami, Kansas City at Oakland, San Diego at the New York Jets, Pittsburgh at Arizona, Indianapolis at New Orleans, St. Louis at Dallas, Washington at Carolina, and Seattle at Cleveland.
Baltimore visits Jacksonville on Monday night.
Off this week are Buffalo (4-2), Cincinnati (4-2), the New York Giants (4-2), New England (5-1), Philadelphia (2-4), and San Francisco (5-1).
— Green Bay (6-0) at Minnesota (1-5)
Remember when this was such a fun matchup, when that Brett guy was wearing either green and gold, or purple and white? Now, it's noteworthy only to see if the defending Super Bowl champs can remain the league's lone undefeated team, and how the Packers treat Minnesota's latest quarterback, Christian Ponder.
Donovan McNabb was benched this week as the Vikings turn to the future. Ponder, their first-round draft pick in April, can expect to see lots of Clay Matthews and Desmond Bishop in his grille.
"I think obviously it's going to be a big challenge, which I'm excited for," Ponder said. "Obviously there's going to be some growing pains, some steps I've got to go through. But I'm looking to have some success and I'm not really thinking about what I'm too concerned about."
Atlanta (3-3) at Detroit (5-1)
Hopefully the attention will be on the game action, not the postgame handshake between Jim Schwartz and Mike Smith.
And there should be plenty of action on the field, whether it's Atlanta's blockers trying to slow down Ndamukong Suh, Kyle Vanden Bosch and Cliff Avril, or the Falcons' inconsistent defense dealing with Calvin Johnson, who played college ball at Georgia Tech and will be a monstrous challenge for CBs Brent Grimes and Dunta Robinson.
Chicago (3-3) vs. Tampa Bay (4-2), at London
Chicago's first appearance in London since the initial American Bowl, a preseason game in 1986 – when the Bears were defending champions. They made a nice turnaround last week by routing Minnesota, but not nearly as impressive as Tampa Bay's 180. The Bucs went from a 48-3 annihilation in San Francisco to a 26-20 victory over New Orleans.
A sidebar to this matchup is whether the fervent fans of Manchester United will show up to boo the Buccaneers because both teams are owned by the Glazer family and Man U has so much debt, infuriating its followers.
Denver (1-4) at Miami (0-5)
Those chants, familiar in central Florida when Tebow was winning national championships for the Florida Gators, could rock Sun Life Stadium. There isn't likely to be much else worth getting excited about with these two tailenders.
The 2008 Gators he led to the title will be honored before the game.
"That's something that's definitely a great memory for me. It's something that's very special," Tebow said. "But honestly, Sunday I won't be thinking too much about my time at Florida. I'll be thinking about being a Denver Bronco and trying to help lead us to a victory. It's not where we're playing or who we're playing. It's how we play."
Kansas City (2-3) at Oakland (4-2)
There can't be any question the Raiders are going for broke now and in the near future; the trade for Carson Palmer emphasizes that approach.
Palmer got his way – which was a way out of Cincinnati – and the Bengals got more compensation than they ever could have imagined for the quarterback who takes over in Oakland for injured Jason Campbell.
Kansas City is the defending AFC West champion and has won two in a row, albeit over Minnesota and Indianapolis. The sight of Silver and Black always energizes the Chiefs.
San Diego (4-1) at New York Jets (3-3)
New York ended a three-game slide, all on the road, by beating Miami. This is a truer measure whether the Jets are a contender. They must get their offense on track more consistently, and perhaps LaDainian Tomlinson getting to run and catch the ball against his former team will provide a boost.
"I'm not a guy who holds grudges or tries to prove anybody wrong," said Tomlinson, who has scored a touchdown against every NFL team but the Chargers. "I don't have time for that. It's nonsense."
The Chargers have gotten off to a quick start, for once, and come off a bye. Their offense is plenty balanced and leads the league in time of possession (35:17).
Pittsburgh (4-2) at Arizona (1-4)
Don't be fooled by Pittsburgh's record; the Steelers have been inconsistent and mistake prone. Still, they rank first in overall defense, mainly because of how they stop the pass, a bit surprising considering their reputation against the run.
Arizona's record is not misleading. The Cardinals were off last week and barely showed up in losing to previously winless Minnesota the previous week.
The last time the Steelers and Cardinals met, they were playing in a Super Bowl in 2009. This matchup doesn't resemble that one.
Indianapolis (0-6) at New Orleans (4-2)
That juicy matchup near the French Quarter won't be happening. Sure, Peyton Manning will accompany the Colts to his hometown. He won't be anywhere near the huddle, though, to the immeasurable disappointment of NBC, which gets a second straight Sunday night dud.
Saints coach Sean Payton hopes to work the game from on high in the Superdome as he mends from surgery on his left leg after being run over by New Orleans tight end Jimmy Graham last week. The Saints will be even more focused after they lost that game at Tampa Bay, so the Colts' chances for getting victory No. 1 are slim.
St. Louis (0-5) at Dallas (2-3)
As if the Rams weren't hurting enough, physically and mentally, from the pounding they've taken this year, QB Sam Bradford is limping with a high left ankle sprain. Getting their first win at Cowboys Stadium would appear a long shot even if he can go.
Dallas got conservative on offense and defense late in its visit to New England – the old play-not-to-lose philosophy that invariably leads to a loss. The Cowboys shouldn't have such concerns in the fourth quarter this time, but they do have a visit to Philadelphia next weekend and need to avoid getting distracted by it.
Washington (3-2) at Carolina (1-5)
Another quarterback change after Bad Rex showed up for the Redskins last Sunday. John Beck gets his first start since 2007 in place of Rex Grossman, who was picked off four times by Philly as the Skins fell out of the NFC East lead for the first time this season.
Few teams with a record such as Carolina's can feel positive about things, but the Panthers stay close every week – they have been outscored by 30 points overall. They do struggle against the run, though, and Beck figures to do a lot of handing off.
Seattle (2-3) at Cleveland (2-3)
Mike Holmgren left the Seahawks after the 2009 season and probably can't recognize much about his former team that comes to visit Sunday. Pete Carroll, his replacement as coach, and John Schneider, his replacement as general manager, never seem to stop bartering.
The Browns acquitted themselves pretty well in a loss at Oakland last week, but need to find a running game. A healthy Peyton Hillis would help; he is bothered by a strained left hamstring.
Baltimore (4-1) at Jacksonville (1-5), Monday night
The Ravens have won seven of the last eight against Jacksonville and have that fierce defensive look about them again. That doesn't bode well for rookie QB Blaine Gabbert and a spiraling Jaguars team that has only one real weapon on offense, RB Maurice Jones-Drew.
Defense hasn't been so problematic for the Jags despite their five-game slide. They don't match up with Ray Lewis and Co., though.


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For today's Follow Friday post I would like to express appreciation to Randy Seaver and recommend his FGS 2013 Conference Blog Compendium post on his Genea-Musings blog. Randy has time to read more blogs than I do and he has created a useful compendium of blog posts about the Federation of Genealogical Societies (FGS) conference that has been going on in Fort Wayne, Indiana this week. I was unable to attend the conference and so I enjoy reading the blog posts of others who are attending.
I was excited to hear about the news out of the FamilySearch bloggers dinner, as well as the announcement that the FGS conference will be in conjunction with the RootsTech conference in Salt Lake City in February of 2015, as I hope to be able to attend. I look forward to reading more posts about the FGS conference as it winds down, and Randy adds more posts to his list.


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By Alan Mozes
HealthDay Reporter
SATURDAY, June 1 (HealthDay News) -- Nearly one-third of patients with advanced melanomas who received nivolumab, a new immune-based drug, experienced reductions in the size of their tumors, a preliminary study reveals.
Since these types of drugs have typically shrunk tumors in only 5 percent to 10 percent of patients in prior studies, the new results are a boost for immunotherapy generally, the researchers noted.
"I think nivolumab is a real breakthrough drug for patients with metastatic melanoma, and probably for other diseases, too," study author Dr. Mario Sznol, a professor of medical oncology at the Yale Cancer Center in New Haven, Conn., said in a news release.
"The high level of activity observed with this drug opens up a number of avenues for future research to understand and challenge the ways tumors evade the immune system. We're very excited that there is potential for even more activity in combination with other drugs," Sznol added.
One expert not connected to the study was also optimistic about the results.
"Nivolumab shows exciting promise for patients suffering from an otherwise fatal disease -- metastatic melanoma," said Dr. Michele Green, a dermatologist at Lenox Hill Hospital in New York City. "The fact that 30 percent of patients showed improvement from this immunotherapy drug is remarkable since these patients had some of the worse disease."
The study was funded by drugmaker Bristol-Myers Squibb and is scheduled for presentation Saturday at the annual meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) in Chicago. Findings presented at medical meetings are typically considered preliminary until published in a peer-reviewed journal.
According to the researchers, nivolumab works by honing in on PD-1 cellular receptors located on immune system T-cells. These receptors are known to function as immune system "gatekeepers," and by working to open such gates the patient's immune system is triggered into cancer-fighting action.
The new study involved 107 patients, all of whom had been previously treated with multiple forms of standard therapies that failed to halt their disease.
Following treatment with one of five different doses of nivolumab, the team found that 31 percent of the patients went on to experience a minimum tumor shrinkage of 30 percent across the various doses.
Forty-three percent of the patients are estimated to have survived two years after treatment, the researchers said, and average survival for patients across all treatment doses is now projected to be nearly 17 months.
In an ASCO news release, melanoma expert Dr. Lynn Schuchter called the results "truly remarkable."
The findings "confirm that 'revving' up the immune system is a powerful approach in shrinking melanoma," said Schuchter, who is also a spokeswoman for ASCO. "Melanoma patients are living longer and better with these new treatments."
However, although the study participants were described as being "typical" patients with advanced melanoma, the investigation's findings are tempered by the fact that it was not a randomized clinical trial and did not compare the impact of nivolumab directly against the performance of other drugs.
"[But] while this was not a randomized clinical trial, it had a considerable number of patients and the durability of responses is a sign of very promising clinical activity," Sznol said in the news release.
A randomized phase III trial has begun, aimed at confirming these initial findings.
Another expert agreed that the drug shows the promise of immunotherapies in general.
"The results of this study are truly remarkable and demonstrate that immunotherapy truly can make the difference for many melanoma patients," said Dr. Yvonne Saenger, assistant professor of hematology/oncology and dermatology at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York City.
Saenger, who was not connected to the new study, noted that "earlier immunotherapies, such as interleukin 2 and even Yervoy, can only help a small minority of patients," but nivolumab seems to do much better.


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|Cho Chang
|Biographical information
c. 1979
|Blood status
|Physical information
|Hair colour
|Eye colour
|Family information
|Family members
|Magical characteristics
- "Obviously, she is feeling very sad, because of Cedric dying. Then I expect she's feeling confused because she liked Cedric and now she likes Harry, and she can't work out who she likes best. Then she'll be feeling guilty, thinking it's an insult to Cedric's memory to be kissing Harry at all... And she probably can't work out what her feelings are towards Harry anyway, because he was the one who was with Cedric when Cedric died, so that's all very mixed up and painful."
- —Hermione Granger on Cho Chang.[src]
Cho Chang (born c. 1979) was a witch who attended Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry from 1990 to 1997 and was Sorted into Ravenclaw House. She was a Seeker for the Ravenclaw Quidditch team and a popular student. In Cho's fifth year, she began dating Cedric Diggory while he was a Champion in the Triwizard Tournament. Cedric became one of the first casualties of the Second Wizarding War, as he was murdered by Peter Pettigrew on the orders of Lord Voldemort in June of 1995. His death greatly upset Cho and made her determined to fight against the recently returned Dark Lord.
In her sixth year, she joined Dumbledore's Army against her parents' wishes and began dating Harry Potter. However, Cho's best friend Marietta Edgecombe betrayed the D.A., and Cho and Harry's relationship fell apart. Cho remained loyal to her school and to the D.A., returning after she had graduated to participate in the Battle of Hogwarts. She survived the war and eventually married a Muggle.
Education at Hogwarts
Early years
Cho was born into a wizarding family,[1] the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Chang, who are of Asian descent. She became a great Quidditch fan at the age of six, and cheered for the Tutshill Tornados. In 1990, at the age of eleven, Cho began attending Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry and was Sorted into Ravenclaw house. She soon tried out for her house Quidditch team, and attained the position of Seeker. She made friends with fellow Ravenclaw Marietta Edgecombe.
Fourth year
During a Gryffindor-Ravenclaw Quidditch match in her fourth year, Cho first met Harry Potter, who was a year below her at Hogwarts and a fellow Seeker. Harry noticed she was very pretty and she made his stomach "feel funny". Cho's impression of Harry was favourable, and when she later wished Harry good luck before Gryffindor had a Quidditch match against Slytherin, Harry went bright red. During the match against Ravenclaw, Cho began to tail Harry rather than find the Golden Snitch herself. Harry soon caught on to her strategy and attempted to trick her into thinking he had spotted the Snitch. As he dove, he saw the Snitch for real. Cho then gasped at the sight of a trio of Dementors. Harry managed to unleash a powerful Patronus Charm as well as snag the Snitch; the Dementors were actually Draco Malfoy, Vincent Crabbe, Gregory Goyle and Marcus Flint in disguise. Ravenclaw did not win the Quidditch Cup this year and instead Gryffindor did.[2]
Fifth year
- Harry: "I was just wondering if maybe you wanted to go to the ball with me..."
- Cho: "Oh. Harry, I'm sorry but someone's already asked me. And well, I've, I've said I'll go with him."
- Harry: "Okay, great, good, fine, great, no problem."
- Cho: "Harry! I really am... sorry."
- — Harry asks Cho to the Yule Ball[src]
In the summer of 1994, Cho went to the Quidditch World Cup, and exchanged greetings with Harry, who had a crush on Cho by this time. She was friendly towards Harry, but probably did not return his romantic feelings, as she accepted when Cedric Diggory asked her to be his date to the Yule Ball. Cedric was a year above Cho and a champion in the Triwizard Tournament. Despite this, Cho refused to treat Harry poorly, as many others did because the Goblet of Fire had also selected him.
She refused to wear one of Draco Malfoy's "Support Cedric Diggory/Potter Stinks" badges, something Harry was grateful for. He asked Cho to attend the Yule Ball with him, and she let him down kindly; he still spent most of the ball watching Cho, who soon began dating Cedric. She was the "thing" Cedric would miss most and thus became his hostage during the Second Task of the Tournament; he employed the Bubble-Head Charm to save her from Hogwarts' lake.[3]
That June, Cedric was murdered by Peter Pettigrew on Lord Voldemort's orders. Cho was devastated and spent a lot of her time crying in the bathroom. She attended the memorial service at the end of the school year to pay her respects to her late boyfriend.
Sixth year
Cedric's death made Cho believe Harry's claim that Voldemort had returned despite the Ministry of Magic and Daily Prophet branding him a liar or a nutter. She sought Harry out several times and attempted to engage him in conversation, probably motivated by both a desire to learn the circumstances of Cedric's death and a growing fondness for Harry. Unfortunately for Harry, these encounters did not go well. The first time, Cho found him covered with Stinksap that was accidentally let off by Neville Longbottom's Mimbulus Mimbletonia. The second time, she ended up arguing with Ron Weasley about Quidditch teams. On the third try, when Cho entered the Owlery to send a letter to her mother for her birthday while Harry was there, she defended him from a suspicious Argus Filch.
When invited by Hermione Granger to join Dumbledore's Army, Cho went against the advice of her parents, who wished her to remain on Dolores Umbridge's good side. She also brought her best friend and fellow Ravenclaw Marietta Edgecombe along, despite the other girl's reluctance. Cho joined because she was determined to fight against Lord Voldemort after what happened to Cedric in the previous year. As a D.A. student, however, she had her ups and downs. At first, she got nervous and performed her spells poorly whenever Harry was nearby, indicating that her romantic feelings for him had grown. Later, though, she was able to conjure a corporeal Patronus in the shape of a swan. However, she did have some trouble with a Disarming Charm, saying Expellimellius, instead of Expelliarmus, causing a friend's sleeve to catch on fire.
Cho initiated a kiss with Harry under some mistletoe shortly before Christmas after a D.A. session. However, she soon ended up in tears, confused and guilty because of her feelings for Harry and Cedric. Despite this, she and Harry went on a date in the wizarding village of Hogsmeade on Valentine's Day.
- Harry: "Look, let's not talk about Cedric right now...let's talk about something else."
- Cho: "I thought, I thought you'd u-u-understand! I need to talk about it! Surely you n-need to talk about it too! I mean, you saw it happen, d-didn't you?"
- Harry: "Well - I have talked about it, to Ron and Hermione, but -"
- Cho: "Oh, you'll talk to Hermione Granger! But you won't talk to me! P-perhaps it would be best if we just...just p-paid and you went and met up with Hermione G-Granger, like you obviously want to!"
- — Harry and Cho on their date[src]
Cho's continuing grief over Cedric's death, her ill-founded jealousy over Harry's friendship with Hermione (who, ironically, tried to advise Harry on how to handle girls), and Harry's overall inexperience with girls soured the experience. Cho became jealous when Harry mentioned his plans to meet Hermione later in the day, and she tried to gauge Harry's feelings for her by mentioning that Roger Davies had asked her out, but this only bewildered Harry. She ended up in tears after Harry refused to discuss Cedric's death with her.
- Cho: "That was a really horrible trick of Hermione Granger's. She should've told us she'd jinxed that list -"
- Harry: "I think it was a brilliant idea."
- Cho: "Oh yes, I forgot - of course, if it was darling Hermione's idea--"
- Harry: "Don't start crying again."
- — Cho and Harry arguing[src]
Later in the year, Cho's friend Marietta betrayed the D.A. to Umbridge, and, as a result, was afflicted by the jinx performed by Hermione on the piece of parchment, signed earlier by all members of the D.A. The hex made purple pustules spell "SNEAK" across her face that could not be removed, something Cho considered a "horrible trick". When Harry scorned Marietta for the betrayal and Cho defended her, their relationship went downhill.[4]
Seventh year
- Ron Weasley: "Michael - but - But you were going out with him!"
- Ginny Weasley: "Not anymore. He didn't like Gryffindor beating Ravenclaw at Quidditch and got really sulky, so I ditched him and he ran off to comfort Cho instead."
- — Harry, Ron and Ginny discussing Cho dating Michael Corner[src]
After Hogwarts
Battle of Hogwarts
- Cho: "If you'd like to see what the diadem's supposed to look like, I could take you up to our common room and show you, Harry. Ravenclaw's wearing it in her statue."
- Ginny: "No, Luna will take Harry, won't you, Luna?"
- — Cho offers to help Harry during the Battle of Hogwarts[src]
Later life
After the Second Wizarding War, Cho later married a Muggle individual.[7] It is unknown if they had any children.
Physical appearance
When Cho was first introduced in 1994, she was described as being an extremely pretty girl, with long dark hair, brown eyes, and a freckled face. She is of Asian descent.
Personality and traits
- Ron: "You're well out of it, mate. I mean, she's quite good-looking and all that, but you want someone a bit more cheerful."
- Harry: "She's probably cheerful enough with someone else."
- — Ron Weasley and Harry Potter on Cho[src]
Cho is a very attractive girl with long black hair, brown eyes and freckles, of Chinese descent. She was both an academic, having been sorted into Ravenclaw house, and an athlete, playing Seeker for her house's Quidditch team and a big fan of the game from a young age, Tutshill Tornados being her favourite team since she was six. She appears to have been a popular student, with a large group of friends and many boys who admired her.[4]
Cho was perceived by Harry Potter to be a very emotional person, though it is uncertain if she would have acted the same way if not for the unfortunate events of her fifth and sixth years. Harry himself supposed that she would probably be more cheerful in the company of someone who didn't make her think of Cedric's murder.[4] Cho's somewhat dramatic behaviour with Harry, as well as her jealousy towards Hermione Granger, were probably fueled by Harry not wanting to discuss Cedric with her and his inexperience with girls, which led him to not be very tactful. Cho demonstrated that she is a very loyal person by sticking by her friend Marietta Edgecombe even when Harry was furious with her for it, and by later returning to Hogwarts to support her ex-boyfriend, her school, and Dumbledore's Army.[6]
Magical abilities and skills
- Flight: Cho flew excellently, so much so that she was chosen to play the position of Seeker on the Ravenclaw Quidditch team.
- Charms: Whilst the extent of Cho's ability at Charms is unknown she did learn how to successfully conjure a corporeal Patronus in her sixth year, in the form of a swan.
- Defence Against the Dark Arts: Considering she trained with the DA, Cho should have an aptitude in Defense against the dark arts, her skills furthered by the fact she fought in and survived the Second Wizarding War.
Her relationship with her parents is unknown, but it is known that both her mother and father wanted her to stay on Dolores Umbridge's good side, during the 1995–1996 school year. However, Cho went against their wishes. Their relationship after the school year is unknown.
Cedric Diggory
In her fifth year, Cho was asked to the Yule Ball by Cedric Diggory, a Hufflepuff student a year above her. The two subsequently began dating. Because Cho was the person Cedric would miss most, she served as his hostage during the Second Task of the Triwizard Tournament.[3] Cho and Cedric also had a date at Madam Puddifoot's Tea Shop. Cho was devastated when Cedric was murdered that June. The following year was very difficult for her; in addition to missing Cedric, she was the subject of gossip regarding her burgeoning romance with Harry Potter, the only witness to Cedric's murder who was widely regarded as being either a liar or a nutter for claiming that Lord Voldemort had returned. Cho grieved for Cedric to the point of crying in the bathroom frequently, and her Quidditch-playing abilities also suffered.[4] This was probably compounded by a lack of closure, as the only person who knew what had happened to Cedric, Harry, did not want to discuss it with Cho.
Harry Potter
- Ron: "You haven't ever chucked anyone, have you? You and Cho just —"
- Harry: "Sort of fell apart, yeah."
- — Harry Potter and Ron Weasley on the end of the former's romance with Cho[src]
Harry Potter was drawn to Cho's good looks and developed a crush on her when she was in her fourth year[2], and asked her to the Yule Ball in the next, though she had already agreed to attend with Cedric. Still, Cho treated Harry kindly, such as in refusing to wear a Potter Stinks or even a Support Cedric Diggory! badge during the Triwizard Tournament.[3]
In her sixth year, Cho began to return Harry's feelings, though she felt somewhat guilty for doing so, considering the recent murder of Cedric Diggory. She joined Dumbledore's Army and became nervous whenever Harry was nearby. They shared a kiss under the mistletoe around Christmas, but this was spoiled by Cho beginning to cry, and Harry being at a loss for how to respond.
The two went on a date in Hogsmeade on Valentine's Day, but Cho's feelings for Harry were confused because of her continuing grief over Cedric's death and Harry's discomfort with discussing it. She also became jealous of Harry's friendship with Hermione Granger, and in a moment of weakness and insecurity, ditched the date. Harry, who was inexperienced with girls, found Cho's behaviour very confusing, especially when she tried to make him jealous and to gauge his feelings for her by mentioning that Roger Davies had asked her out. Thus, their relationship was already strained when Marietta Edgecombe betrayed the D.A. and Cho stood up for her, angering Harry.[4] After that, their relationship simply "fell apart"[5].
When Cho saw Harry on the Hogwarts Express in 1996, she avoided him, and Harry reflected that they were too embarrassed to even look at each other, let alone talk to each other[5]. However, by 1998, any negative feelings on Cho's part seemed to have vanished, as she offered to escort Harry to Ravenclaw Tower just before the Battle of Hogwarts. She was disappointed when Ginny Weasley fiercely suggested that Luna Lovegood escort him instead, suggesting that Cho may still have had some feelings for Harry or simply wanted to resolve any of their lingering issues so that they could be friendly again.[6]
Michael Corner
At the end of her sixth year, after the end of her relationship with Harry, Cho began dating Michael Corner, a Ravenclaw student a year below her. Michael's ex-girlfriend, Ginny Weasley, said that this happened shortly after she chucked Michael when he became sulky over a Ravenclaw-Gryffindor Quidditch match. Michael seems to have offered Cho comfort.[4] They may have continued to date even after Cho graduated from Hogwarts, as she went to sit by his side in the Room of Requirement upon returning to the school for the final battle.[6] However, they must have broken up at some point because according to J. K. Rowling, Cho had eventually gone on to marry a Muggle man.
Marietta Edgecombe
Marietta Edgecombe was Cho's best friend and a fellow Ravenclaw. Marietta joined Dumbledore's Army mainly because Cho wanted her to; she was uncomfortable with opposing Dolores Umbridge because her mother worked at the Ministry of Magic. When Marietta betrayed the D.A. because of this, Cho tried to persuade Harry to forgive Marietta, pointing out that Marietta was afraid for her mother's job, and defended her when Harry badmouthed Marietta. Cho's loyalty and sympathy for Marietta was the death knell in Cho's romance with Harry.[4]
Other friendships
Cho Chang was, until the beginning of her sixth year, very popular. She had an entire group of Ravenclaw friends, who were constantly giggling and gossiping. Marietta Edgecombe was Cho Chang's one constant friend. However, as Cho became something of an emotional wreck all the others fell by the wayside. Being a Quidditch star and very pretty, she was the centre of the group, having a handful of friends accompany her even to the bathroom, and up until her sixth year she was never seen without them. At the welcoming feast in her sixth year Cho chatted animatedly with her friends but later on she is mostly by herself or with Marietta.
Dumbledore's Army
Cho became a member of Dumbledore's Army in 1995. It was an organisation led by Harry Potter, in order to oppose Dolores Umbridge. Cho's relationship with the other members of the army is unknown, but it is possible that they were all friends. Some members of Ravenclaw, such as Michael Corner, Terry Boot, Anthony Goldstein, Padma Patil and Luna Lovegood were members of the army, as well. Other members were Zacharias Smith, Susan Bones, Justin Finch-Fletchley, Hannah Abbott and Ernie Macmillan from Hufflepuff, and Alicia Spinnet, Katie Bell, Angelina Johnson, Lee Jordan, Fred and George Weasley, Ron Weasley, Hermione Granger, Dean Thomas, Seamus Finnigan, Lavender Brown, Parvati Patil (Padma's twin), Neville Longbottom, Ginny Weasley, and Colin and Dennis Creevey from Gryffindor.
Cho didn't like Ron Weasley and Hermione Granger; she believed that Harry had romantic feelings for Hermione, instead of being friends. This was one of the reasons that Cho and Harry fell apart.
However, she fought with Dumbledore's Army during the Battle of Hogwarts, and the most of them survived the war.
- Cho is a Chinese and Korean surname. As a Japanese given name it is derived from the word chou, meaning "butterfly".[8] Chang is a common Chinese family name meaning "free" or "unhindered". In Chinese, chou chang means "melancholy".[9] This may allude to Cho's fragile emotional state following Cedric Diggory's murder. Cho may also be an English variant of her given name chou, meaning autumn. In the Mandrain translations of Harry Potter, the name "Cho Chang" is translated into "Zhang Qiu"[张秋] (in Chinese, surnames come before the first name), with "Zhang" being a common Chinese surname and a variant of the name "Chang", and "Qiu" meaning "autumn". As the name Cho Chang is considered to be Chinese, the Mandarin translation may give a hint as to what the name may mean.
Behind the scenes
- Cho was portrayed in the fourth, fifth and sixth films by Scottish actress Katie Leung, who portrayed her as a Scot, although this is never mentioned in the books and the two-part film adaptation of Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows.
- In the Order of the Phoenix film, the character of Marietta Edgecombe does not appear, and instead it is Cho who betrays the D.A. under the influence of Veritaserum. This is also the reason for her break-up with Harry in the film, instead of her continuing grief over Cedric Diggory, jealousy of Hermione Granger, and defence of Marietta, as in the book.
- In the films, Cho is in the same year as Harry which was first brought up in the film adaption of Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix (similar changes were made for Romilda Vane and Katie Bell in the Half-Blood Prince film adaptation). This explains why she is still at Hogwarts in the last film. In the books she is a year older than Harry and graduated at the end of the Half-Blood Prince.
- Also in the film adaption of the Order of the Phoenix, it was mentioned that Cho's mother worked for the Ministry, whereas in the book it was Marietta's mother that worked for the Ministry. This change was due to Marietta's removal from the film.
- Cho's known Quidditch record against Gryffindor is 0-3. This includes two straight defeats playing head to head against Ginny Weasley. J. K. Rowling has commented that she planned moments such as Ginny beating Cho to the Golden Snitch and choosing a more creative name for the D.A. to show that Ginny was better-suited for Harry.
- Cho Chang is well known for being Harry Potter's first crush, first kiss, and first girlfriend in the Harry Potter series.
- Ironically, Ginny's first boyfriend, Michael Corner, and Harry's first girlfriend, Cho, later begin dating and in Harry's sixth year, he and Ginny begin dating.
- Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban (First appearance)
- Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire
- Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire (film)
- Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire (video game) (Appears on the Collectible Card)
- Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix
- Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix (film)
- Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix (video game)
- Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince
- Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince (film)
- Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince (video game)
- Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows
- Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows: Part 1
- Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows: Part 2
- Harry Potter: Quidditch World Cup
- LEGO Harry Potter: Years 1-4
Notes and references
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 While her blood status is never stated, Cho claimed to have been a Quidditch fan since she was six, implying that she is not [[Muggle-born] her mother was known to be an employee of the Ministry of Magic.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows
- ↑ J.K. Rowling New Orleans book tour report
- ↑ Behind the Name:Cho
- ↑ MuggleNet Name Origins
Harry Potter | Hermione Granger | Ronald Weasley
Harry Potter | Neville Longbottom | Luna Lovegood | Ginny Weasley
Katie Bell | Lavender Brown | Colin Creevey | Dennis Creevey | Seamus Finnigan | Angelina Johnson | Lee Jordan | Parvati Patil | Alicia Spinnet | Dean Thomas | Fred Weasley | George Weasley | Nigel Wolpert
Terry Boot | Cho Chang | Michael Corner | Marietta Edgecombe | Anthony Goldstein | Padma Patil
Hannah Abbott | Susan Bones | Justin Finch-Fletchley | Ernie Macmillan | Zacharias Smith | Unidentified Hufflepuff girl
Luca Caruso | Alice Tolipan


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Whoever takes on high-profile Montreal murder suspect Luka Rocco Magnotta's defence will be faced with a big challenge given the existence of a video purportedly showing the gruesome killing and dismemberment of Chinese student Jun Lin in what appears to be Magnotta's apartment.
Legal experts speculated Monday that Magnotta's defence strategy, assuming he pleads not guilty, could include attempts to challenge the authenticity of the video and an exploration of Magnotta's mental health.
"It's something that would have to be explored right off the bat," said Ottawa-based criminal defence lawyer John Hale. "The ultimate question is: Does he suffer from a mental disorder that prevents him from knowing right from wrong?"
German authorities arrested Magnotta, 29, at an Internet cafe in Berlin Monday following a massive international manhunt. Magnotta, who has been described in various media reports as the "Butcher of Montreal" and "Canadian Psycho," is suspected of killing Lin, a Concordia University student, and sending his body parts through the mail addressed to the Conservative and Liberal party offices.
On the surface, it appears there's strong circumstantial evidence against Magnotta, Hale said Monday.
"My first approach would be to get a psychiatric assessment and, more specifically, to do it privately — in other words, not to have a court-ordered assessment but to privately retain a psychiatrist to interview him," Hale said.
This would get Magnotta into a hospital setting for several weeks, which "allows the dust to settle for a little bit" and allows for better communication between lawyer and client than at the jail, Hale said.
Further, if a court orders an assessment, everything an accused person tells a doctor has to be shared with the Crown. But if it's privately ordered anything said by the accused is protected under solicitor-client privilege.
Toronto-based lawyer John Rosen, who represented killer and serial rapist Paul Bernardo, said Monday the existence of a video purporting to show the actual killing will be a hurdle for Magnotta's defence team.
"It doesn't make our job easier," he said.
No doubt, defence lawyers will scrutinize the video, Rosen and other experts said. Is the video real? Does it clearly show Magnotta? Does it clearly show Lin? Is that really Magnotta's apartment?
Asked about the intense publicity the case has received in Canada, Rosen said the media has "significantly prejudiced" Magnotta's right to a fair trial. While that won't prevent a trial from happening, it will mean that jurors have to be vetted carefully to ensure they haven't formed an opinion, he said.
While a lot of attention in recent days has been paid to allegations that Magnotta was a serial cat killer, Toronto criminal lawyer Andras Schreck said he would expect defence lawyers to seek to exclude any reference to those alleged killings on the grounds that they are "not relevant" and "highly prejudicial."
Hale agreed. Evidence of "prior discreditable conduct" is only allowed in limited circumstances, he said.
"The Crown is not allowed to just throw in all sorts of evidence that portrays the accused in a really bad light."
Magnotta is reportedly scheduled to appear before a judge in Germany on Tuesday. Experts said they expect Magnotta's transfer back to Canada will take a matter of days as opposed to weeks.
Lawyers take different approaches when they meet their clients for the first time, experts said. Magnotta's lawyer might choose to wait to see all of the Crown's evidence before asking for his version of events. Or that lawyer might want to get Magnotta's story right away.
Experts were divided over whether there is a line of lawyers in Montreal eager to represent Magnotta. Some said the case may be seen as more trouble than it's worth, especially given Magnotta's apparent limited financial resources.
Others said lawyers could be drawn to the high-profile nature of the case.
Hale said whoever takes on Magnotta's case will likely have to set aside everything else on their plate for several months — and be prepared for a lot of hate mail.


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Jerry Brown's budget is coming under attack from across the political spectrum for not living up to its billing.
From the left: Education groups, the closest thing to winners in a budget that doesn't have any real winners, are raising questions about Brown's budget really protects their funding from more cuts. The facts of the matter are difficult to ascertain, because finding an answer involves making sense of the state's famously difficult to understand education funding guarantee, known as Prop 98 for the initiative that established it. But Brown has been basically honest here. While the particular numbers can't be known, what's clear is that education -- that is, K-12 education -- takes much less of a hit than other parts of the budget, particularly higher education, health care, and social services.
From the right: Republicans are claiming that the budget is not as "balanced" as Brown has claimed. In this context, "balanced" means roughly equal amounts of spending cuts and tax increases. The budget lists roughly $12 billion of each, and while one could quibble that some spending cuts aren't really cuts (and also argue that much of the tax increase isn't really an increase but a maintenance of the status quo), Brown is also telling the truth here.
Both of these attacks amount to ideological nitpicking -- and thus distract us from the real failings of this budget. Those failings aren't in what's in the budget, which is an honest attempt to wrestle with this year's budget problem in a short-term way. It's what is not in the budget that's the problem. Brown never connects his short-term budget to real reform of California's broken fiscal systems (and the election and initiative systems that contribute to the budget mess).
Last night, I received a call from an important advisor to Brown -- someone for whom I have the deepest respect -- who argued with me on just that point. He made the case that this bigger reform is politically impossible and could distract from the long term. I answered back that this amounts to crackpot realism--that in accepting the current budget system and its realities is to condemn California, and its younger and future generations, to endless cycle of cuts, tax increases -- and decline.
I'll have more on this subject and this conversation in future Prop Zero