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Salem Country Gardens sold to former owners
Salem -- The family that sold Salem Country Gardens more than a decade ago reacquired the well-known flower and garden center on Saturday in a tax foreclosure auction.
Todd Burnett bid $591,000 to put the business back in his family's hands. Burnett's parents, David and Cheryl, started Salem Country Gardens in late 1983 after a decade in the landscaping business.
Salem Country Gardens was foreclosed upon because Salem Country Realty LLC and Robert Matthew Industries, corporate entities that owned the property, owed the town more than $182,000 in real estate taxes as of the first of the year. That sum has grown since then.
Todd Burnett said Saturday that he intends to keep the business operating as customers have come to know it. He said it will partner well with a wholesale nursery that he owns and operates in Canterbury.
"We want to try our best to restore it to its former state of business," said Burnett, 42, who said he envisions a grand opening next year on Easter weekend. "A lot of maintenance needs to be done, but we built it the first time."
Salem Country Gardens, located at 380 New London Road (Route 85), has typically operated from March to late October. Burnett's parents sold it in 1998 to Agway Inc., a Syracuse, N.Y.-based farm-related cooperative.
Two years later, it was sold to a four-man local partnership, which included Robert LaSaracina. He has operated the business for more than 10 years and said recently he has 15 seasonal employees.
The auction sale settled tax liens totaling nearly $148,000 on grand lists from 2006 to 2009, according to Tracy Collins, the attorney appointed by the court to oversee the auction. Burnett will also be responsible for $51,252 in taxes levied since foreclosure proceedings began.
Burnett cast the winning bid after the auction began at $590,000. He said he contemplated opening a second business of his own from scratch, but that idea was scrapped when it became apparent that his family's former business was for sale.
"This being a known entity and where I grew up, I thought this was the better option," Burnett said.
First Selectman Kevin Lyden and other town officials attended the brief auction. Lyden said the town, after working with LaSaracina, had reached a point where it was forced to collect the taxes it was due.
Lyden said he was pleased to see the business acquired by someone the town knows.
"They're excited about trying to resurrect the property," Lyden said.
Burnett said that he was uncertain what will become of the ReStore, a Habitat for Humanity-run business that leases space from Salem Country Gardens.
The ReStore acquires and re-sells furniture, construction supplies and other items at reduced prices.
Proceeds go toward Habitat for Humanity building projects in the area.
The foreclosure auction required that Burnett submit $105,000 to bid on the property.
It is a 14.54-acre site, which includes greenhouses, the garden center and the 9,600 square feet the ReStore leases.
The business is annually one of the highest-assessed on the town grand list. According to a Sept. 5 court filing, appraiser William Newman appraised Salem Country Gardens on Aug. 21 at $1,020,000 — $400,000 in land and $620,000 in buildings.
Foreclosure documents show the annual property taxes are $24,840.
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Reclining on the river in OId Lyme
Three men lounge Tuesday in their boat anchored in the Connecticut River off Great Island in Old Lyme.
Having a friendly lunch in Stonington
Friends Winnie Elenteny and Maddy Greenhouse talk after eating lunch Tuesday in front of the Stonington Free Library.
Lyme-Old Lyme $2.28 million school turf field moves forward
The project the Region 18 Board of Education is considering won unanimous approval from the town's Inland Wetlands and Watercourses Commission on Tuesday evening.
A Taste of Italy in Norwich canceled
A Taste of Italy, scheduled for Sept. 12 in Norwich, was canceled due to the coronavirus pandemic.


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Miscea Gmbh-Miscea Kitchen Sensor Faucet
At Design Interviews
Interview with miscea GmbH : Frank Scott: What has been your main focus in designing this work? Especially what did you want to achieve?. miscea GmbH : There are many sensor kitchen faucets on the market, however we wanted to develop a product that was completely touch free to operate. So everything from turning the water on/off, dispensing soap or detergent to changing the water temperature is completely touch free to operate. .Frank Scott: What are your future plans for this award winning design?. miscea GmbH : We want to commerialise this product. We aim to have this product available in all major luxury kitchen showrooms. .Frank Scott: How long did it take you to design this particular concept?. miscea GmbH : The design andd development process of the miscea KITCHEN system took just over 1 year from beginning to end. .Frank Scott: Why did you design this particular concept? Was this design commissioned or did you decide to pursuit an inspiration?. miscea GmbH : This design was requested after miscea realised that the miscea CLASSIC system was not suitable for use within the kitchen environment. The design of the miscea KITCHEN system was based on the miscea CLASSIC system but was adapted for use within the kitchen environment. .Frank Scott: Is your design being produced or used by another company, or do you plan to sell or lease the production rights or do you intent to produce your work yourself?. miscea GmbH : The miscea KITCHEN system is currently being produced by miscea GmbH. .Frank Scott: Where there any other designs and/or designers that helped the influence the design of your work?. miscea GmbH : miscea has a large design and engineering team, so there was definitely a lot of collaboration with other members of the team. .Frank Scott: Who is the target customer for his design?. miscea GmbH : The target customer group for this particular design is private home owners interested in luxury kitchen products. .Frank Scott: What sets this design apart from other similar or resembling concepts?. miscea GmbH : The miscea KITCHEN is a sensor faucet with integrated dispensers. There are no other products capable of this on the market. .Frank Scott: How did you come up with the name for this design? What does it mean?. miscea GmbH : We wanted to keep it simple, so simply called it the miscea KITCHEN because it is meant to be used in the kitchen. .Frank Scott: What is the most unique aspect of your design?. miscea GmbH : The most unique aspects of the miscea KITCHEN system is that its the fastest and more precise sensor faucet on the market that has two integrated dispensers. This makes working around the sink/kitchen more convenient and hygienic because users do not have to touch the faucet or reach for separate dispensers. .Frank Scott: Who did you collaborate with for this design? Did you work with people with technical / specialized skills?. miscea GmbH : The miscea KITCHEN is a very technical product, which meant we needed to work with a number of engineers from different fields in order to get the product to work exactly how we intended. .Frank Scott: What is the role of technology in this particular design?. miscea GmbH : Technology plays a huge role in this design. The use of advanced sensor technology is critical in ensuring that the user interface works perfectly without any delays or gliches. It took us quite some time to perfect this technology for the specific applications in which we required. .
Miscea Gmbh-Miscea Kitchen Sensor Faucet Images:
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subset: commoncrawl


text: Free, safe, and temporary tattoos in the tradition of Africa and India. Choose your own design and learn how to apply it with henna. Henna artist Rachel-Anne Palacios will show you how and she'll apply a design on participants. Program limited to 20 teens. For ages 12-18.This event requires a signed parent permission form. To register, contact Marla at firstname.lastname@example.com or 415-355-2868.


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Arvados client library
Project description
This package provides the arvados module, an API client for Arvados. It also includes higher-level functions to help you write Crunch scripts, and command-line tools to store and retrieve data in the Keep storage server.
Installing under your user account
This method lets you install the package without root access. However, other users on the same system won't be able to use it.
- Run pip install --user arvados-python-client.
- In your shell configuration, make sure you add $HOME/.local/bin to your PATH environment variable. For example, you could add the command PATH=$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin to your .bashrc file.
- Reload your shell configuration. For example, bash users could run source ~/.bashrc.
Installing on Debian systems
Add this Arvados repository to your sources list:
deb http://apt.arvados.org/ stretch main
Update your package list.
Install the python-arvados-python-client package.
This client software needs two pieces of information to connect to Arvados: the DNS name of the API server, and an API authorization token. You can set these in environment variables, or the file $HOME/.config/arvados/settings.conf. The Arvados user documentation describes how to find this information in the Arvados Workbench, and install it on your system.
Testing and Development
This package is one part of the Arvados source package, and it has integration tests to check interoperability with other Arvados components. Our hacking guide describes how to set up a development environment and run tests.
Project details
Release history Release notifications | RSS feed
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Download the file for your platform. If you're not sure which to choose, learn more about installing packages.
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.@marcorubio's comments to Hannity indicate to me that we'll see a Rubio border security amdmt to #immigration bill, w/ Gang of 8's blessing
— Rick Dunham (@rickdunham) June 12, 2013
As we tweeted recently, the Gang of Eight is heading toward a deal to beef up the border security provisions of their bipartisan immigration reform compromise.
The concessions are designed to allay the fears of Gang of Eight member Marco Rubio of Florida, a small group of centrist Democrats and Republican conservatives who are not irreconcilably opposed to any bipartisan immigration legislation.
Texas' two Republican senators, Ted Cruz and John Cornyn, both have been pushing to toughen border-security requirements. Cruz also has introduced amendments to block a pathway to citizenship for all people currently in the U.S. without proper legal authorization.
.@JohnCornyn's border-security amendment could soon be history. Senate scrambling for noon EDT vote to table it.(h/t @CarrieNBCNews)
— Rick Dunham (@rickdunham) June 20, 2013
The Senate leadership plans a midday vote today on Cornyn's highly publicized amendment to require a secure border before any legalization process may begin. That will be followed by debate on the new compromise backed by GOP Sens. Mark Kirk of Illinois, Bob Corker of Tennessee and John Hoeven of North Dakota.
Cornyn and Cruz are not part of the backroom maneuvering to reach a new bipartisan deal.
.@JohnCornyn takes on Gang of 8: "To say that we can't change it because 8 sens got together and decided what it should be is preposterous." — Rick Dunham (@rickdunham) June 13, 2013
RT @SenTedCruz The Gang of 8 bill is a disaster. If passed, it would do nothing to solve the problem & would make illegal immigration worse.
— Rick Dunham (@rickdunham) June 20, 2013
Here's an earlier Associated Press report by David Espo and Erica Werner, with additional reporting by Laurie Kellman..
White House-backed immigration legislation is gaining momentum in the Senate as lawmakers close in on a bipartisan compromise to spend tens of billions of dollars stiffening the bill's border security requirements without delaying legalization for millions living in the country unlawfully.
"Once the Senate adopts our amendment, I will be proud to vote for a bill that secures our border and respects our heritage as an immigrant nation," Sen. Mark Kirk, R-Ill., said in a statement. Additional GOP support was expected as a result of measures that backers dubbed a "border surge."
Under the emerging compromise, the government would grant legal status to immigrants living in the United States illegally at the same time the additional security was being put into place. Green cards, which signify permanent residency status, would be withheld until the security steps were complete.
Officials said the plan envisions doubling the size of the Border Patrol with 20,000 new agents, completing 700 miles of new fencing along the border with Mexico and purchasing new surveillance drones to track would-be illegal border crossers. The cost of the additional agents alone was put at $30 billion over a decade.
In addition, immigrants would not be able to claim credit for Social Security taxes they paid while working without lawful status. Credits are used to determine the amount in Social Security benefits a worker receives after retirement.
Under another change, neither the administration nor states would be permitted to grant welfare benefits for five years to immigrants currently living unlawfully in the United States
There was no immediate reaction from the White House to terms hashed out by senators in both parties, although Democrats kept administration officials apprised of the talks.
The agreement began to take shape over the past several days beginning with a series of meetings involving Republicans who were uncommitted on the legislation but receptive to supporting it after changes were made. Eventually, Sen. Chuck Schumer, D-N.Y., and Sen. Bob Menendez, D-N.J., both authors of the bill, joined the talks.
Cornyn walks off Senate floor as McCain, Schumer skewer his border enforcement amendment http://t.co/DOBOZOGtpN
— Rick Dunham (@rickdunham) June 13, 2013
If agreed to, the changes could clear the way for a strong bipartisan vote within a few days to pass the measure that sits atop President Barack Obama's second-term domestic agenda.
The officials who described the emerging deal spoke on the condition of anonymity because the talks were private.
The developments came as Democrats who met with House Speaker John Boehner on Wednesday quoted him as saying he expected the House to pass its own version of an immigration bill this summer and Congress to have a final compromise by year's end.
Boehner, R-Ohio, already has said the legislation that goes to the House in the next month or two will not include a pathway to citizenship for immigrants in the United States illegally.
The potential compromise in the Senate came into focus Wednesday, one day after the Congressional Budget Office jolted lawmakers with an estimate saying that as drafted, the legislation would fail to prevent a steady increase in the future in the number of residents living in the United States illegally.
The estimate appeared to give added credibility to Republicans who have been pressing Democrats to toughen the border security provisions already written into the bill.
"Our whole effort has been to build a bipartisan group that will support the bill," said Sen. John Hoeven, R-N.D., who's helped develop the deal along with Sen. Bob Corker, R-Tenn. "That's what this is all about, and it's focused on border security."
Schumer and Menendez met at midday Wednesday with Graham, Hoeven, Corker and Sen. John McCain, R-Ariz. The Democrats, Graham and McCain are part of the so-called Gang of Eight.
It was unclear which other portions of the Senate legislation might be changed. There is pressure from some Republicans to make sure no federal benefits go to immigrants who are in the country illegally, at least until they become citizens.
Senate passes 3 immigration amendments, none from Cornyn or Cruz http://t.co/IAbVZPAhmL
— Rick Dunham (@rickdunham) June 20, 2013
The underlying legislation already envisions more border agents; additional fencing along the U.S-Mexico border; surveillance drones; a requirement for employers to verify the legal status of potential workers; and a biometric system to track foreigners who enter and leave the United States at air and seaports and by land.
Schumer said discussions with Republicans "have been really productive."
"We've made a lot of progress in the last 24 hours. Now we have some vetting to do with our respective allies," he said.
If ratified, the compromise would mark concessions on both sides.
Some Republicans have been unwilling to support a bill that grants legal status to immigrants in the country illegally until the government certifies that the border security steps have achieved 90 percent effectiveness in stopping would-be border crossers.
Cruz tells Rush Limbaugh that Gang of 8 immigration bill might prompt flood of 30 million undocumented workers http://t.co/uLMguUYrfs
— Rick Dunham (@rickdunham) June 19, 2013
On the other hand, Democrats have opposed Republican proposals to make legalization contingent on success in closing the border to illegal crossings. Under the legislation as drafted, legalization could begin as soon as a security plan was drafted, but a 10-year wait is required for a green card.
One plan to change that was sidetracked on a vote of 61-37 Wednesday.
Sen. Rand Paul, R-Ky., said his proposal would require Congress to vote annually for five years on whether the border is secure. If lawmakers decide it is not, "then the processing of undocumented workers stops until" it is, he said.
The decision would be made based on numerous factors, including progress toward completion of a double-layered fence along the U.S.-Mexico border and toward a goal of 95 percent capture of illegal entrants. A system to track the border comings and goings of foreigners is also required.
Across the Capitol, House Republican leaders sought to present a friendlier face to Hispanics – a group that gave Obama more than 70 percent support in last year's presidential election.
Boehner met with the Democratic-dominated Congressional Hispanic Caucus, while rank-and-file members of his party reviewed areas of agreement with Latino religious leaders.
"It's a conversation Republicans want to have," Rep. Cathy McMorris Rodgers, R-Wash., said later at a news conference outside the Capitol.
Separately, the House Judiciary Committee approved legislation creating a program allowing farm workers to come to the United States to take temporary jobs in the United States.
The measure is one of several that the panel is considering in the final weeks of June as part of a piece-by-piece approach to immigration rather than the all-in-one bill that Senate is considering.


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Browsing Conference papers by Author "Wad, Peter"
Now showing items 1-1 of 1
The Impact of the Global Economic and Financial Crises over Developing Countries' Automobile IndustryWad, Peter (Frederiksberg, 2010)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: In the Global South automobile production evolved behind protectionist walls and was promoted by infant industry policies and outright national automotive projects from the 1950s. In recent decades, many developing countries have liberalized their automotive markets and allowed automobile TNCs to take majority control over joint ventures, transforming domestic automotive industries into foreign controlled sectors while leaving a few national automakers in India, Malaysia and China. Decomposing and reorganizing the national value chain into regional and global automobile value chains OEMs and TNC original equipment suppliers (OESs) have off-shored and outsourced component and parts production to developing countries. Again, local auto suppliers have been acquired or relegated to lower 'tier' positions if not forced out of the market. However, with economic growth and development in the Global South during the 1990s and 2000s automobile sales have boomed, and the automobile sectors in Latin America and Asia have become "brown sunrise" industries generating investment, technological upgrading and employment. The present global financial and economic crisis has not profoundly changed this trajectory. The global crisis did not impact automotive markets in developing countries severely, except for automotive exporting countries like Mexico, Thailand and South Africa. Only in 2009 automotive sales and production declined across the board in the Global South, but key markets turned around in the end of the year. Thus, the automobile crisis is a downward business cycle, not a structural crisis of the industry. Companies in the automotive industry responded with traditional crisis management (temporary downsizing, cost reductions, retraining, consolidation, innovation), and governments launched traditional stimuli packages (cash-for-clunkers, tax reductions on smaller and/or cleaner cars etc). Strategic initiatives were taken to improve the competitiveness of the domestic industry (consolidation, liberalization) on the one hand and to transform it from a brown industry to a "greener" industry on the other hand (tightening environmental regulations, fuel efficiency and emission standards, subsidizing purchases of smaller and "greener" cars, investing in appropriate infrastructure and green technology R&D). Thereby, some developing countries and their surviving local automakers and parts makers are leapfrogging into "clean" technology frontiers competing head-to-head with global automakers or partnering with foreign firms in their common endeavor to manufacture green automobiles. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8180
Files in this item: 1Wad-Green sunrise or brown.pdf (408.6Kb)
Now showing items 1-1 of 1


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AXS TV Contact:
Amy Pfister / firstname.lastname@example.com
New Orleans Jazz & Heritage Festival Contact:
Matthew Goldman / firstname.lastname@example.com
(New Orleans – March 20, 2013) AXS TV continues to showcase its commitment to LIVE music with a celebration of Americana music and New Orleans culture via a new partnership with the New Orleans Jazz & Heritage Festival presented by Shell. The network will broadcast live throughout the 7-day festival from April 26 thru May 5, 2013 including live segments in its nightly program AXSLive and with continuous LIVE festival, concert and event coverage from Friday, May 3 through Sunday, May 5, 2013.
The ongoing, shared commitment to place music, artists and fans together solidified a first of its kind partnership for both AXS TV and New Orleans Jazz & Heritage Festival. Strengthening its position as the premier destination for 100% live music, news and trends, daily coverage from the festival culminating in the 3-day live broadcast of Jazz Fest is a programming commitment not previously made by the network. For Jazz Fest, the AXS TV live television partnership signifies a commitment to bring their dedicated fans and music fans nationwide the highest quality LIVE broadcast available.
"AXS TV's broadcast partnership with New Orleans Jazz Fest reflects our commitment to both music and live entertainment. Week long coverage from New Orleans with 3 days of continuous live music is an experience only AXS TV will deliver," said Mark Cuban, AXS TV Chairman and Founder.
Quint Davis, producer/director of the Festival, said, "Joining forces with AXS TV will allow Jazz Fest to further our goal of placing New Orleans and Louisiana culture alongside the biggest names in music and bringing this one-of-a-kind celebration to the world. If you can't get to Jazz Fest in person, watching it live on AXS TV will definitely be the next best thing."
Additional details on the AXS TV line-up and complete festival coverage will be announced in the coming weeks.
In less than a year, AXS TV has solidified itself as the premier destination for live music and events on television throughout the music community with artists and fans alike. The network's commitment to music, fans and artists has increased rapidly with more live concert broadcasts than any other network. The AXS TV live LIVE roster of artists include top 40 acts from Linkin Park and Pitbull to Daughtry and Carrie Underwood; rock and roll icons Aerosmith; all-star concert tributes and events including the 12-12-12 Concert (Kanye West, Bon Jovi, The Who, Paul McCartney Alicia Keys and more), Global Citizens Festival (Foo Fighters, The Black Keys, Band of Horses, K'Nann), 2012 Americana Awards (Bonnie Raitt, The Mavericks, Alabama Shakes and more); One World Harmony (Dave Matthews, David Crosby, Counting Crows among those who celebrated The Dalai Lama), Bud Light Port Paradise Music Festival (Flo Rida, Far East Movement and Wiz Khalifa), The Warren Haynes Christmas Jam (Avett Brothers, Sheryl Crowe, Warren Haynes Band among others in an over six hour event), and the So So Def 20th Anniversary Concert (Jermaine Dupri, Nelly, Ludacris, Usher and Jay-Z were amongst the hip-hop artists who took the stage live); among many other live events including Alanis Morrisette, Brandi Carlile, The Gaslight Anthem, 3 Doors Down, Gavin DeGraw, Joe Jackson, Jimmy Cliff, My Morning Jacket, Grace Potter and the Nocturnals and more. Additionally, AXS TV has formed broadcast partnerships with prestigious music stalwarts such as The GRAMMY Museum with concerts from Foreigner and Lifehouse as well as MusiCares, which will begin airing on AXS TV this year. For AXS TV programming news and updates follow the network on twitter at axstv or become a friend on Facebook at facebook.com/axstv.
The New Orleans Jazz & Heritage Festival presented by Shell is a celebration of the unique culture and heritage of New Orleans and Louisiana. Now in its 44th year, the Festival presents over five hundred bands on twelve stages performing virtually every style of music. "Jazz Fest" as it is affectionately known, draws almost a half million music and culture crazed fans from all over the world to the Fair Ground Race Course each spring. Many of the most important names in music history have performed at Jazz Fest over the years from Fats Domino and Duke Ellington to Jimmy Buffett and Bruce Springsteen. This year's festival line-up includes: Fleetwood Mac, Billy Joel, Dave Matthews Band, Maroon 5, The Black Keys, John Mayer, Widespread Panic, Phoenix, B.B. King, Frank Ocean, Willie Nelson, Band of Horses, Gary Clark Jr., and hundreds more. For more information on Jazz Fest, visit: www.nojazzfest.com.
About AXS TV
Launched in July 2012 under the vision and stewardship of entrepreneur Mark Cuban, AXS TV is the premier destination for live events, breaking news, and as-they-are-happening trends in the worlds of pop culture, music, fashion, and entertainment.
AXS TV Concerts is the premier source on television for 100% live music. From multi-day festivals to stadium tours to club acts, AXS TV delivers an unparalleled shared experience for fans of all genres. Leveraging the network's vast landscape, artists expand their reach to live behind-the-scenes moments, live fan Q&As, social media engagement and more unique opportunities specifically for the AXS TV audience. With multiple live concerts weekly, AXS TV is the number one destination for artists and their fans to experience and share a pure live event in the world of music and pop culture. Live LIVE!
With production facilities at AEG's owned and operated L.A. LIVE (which includes venues such as STAPLES Center, Nokia Theatre L.A. LIVE, Club Nokia and The GRAMMY Museum's Clive Davis Theater), as well as their access to their worldwide network of the busiest venues of all sizes, AXS TV has the inside track to programming that connects audiences with the complete live experience.
From show creation and development to rehearsals, sound-check and performance and right thru the after-party, AXS TV viewers get an immersive look into their favorite acts touring today from across the globe.
The largest independently owned and operated network, AXS TV was developed by entrepreneur Mark Cuban and Philip Garvin. The network partners include Mark Cuban, AEG, Ryan Seacrest Media, Creative Artists Agency (CAA) and CBS. For more information, go to www.axs.tv.
Copyright © 2020 AXS TV - All Rights Reserved.


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Living In London – TopTelly
So you're going to be moving to London and you'd like to know a little more about English culture and their way of life before you get there. Watching English television is one of the best ways of getting to know your new country and London in particular. The British are particular about their telly (television) and have a thriving television industry. Watching some British TV before you arrive will also attune your ear to the regional accents that are found across England. Sometimes they can be incomprehensible to foreigners, but if you listen to them long enough you'll find yourself slowly starting to understand individual words and phrases.


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Oh my! Have you been outside yet today?? Yikes, it's warm and all I needed to wear was a t-shirt and a cardigan! That doesn't hurt at all, no sir. We're hoping the weather is nice enough next Saturday that we can open the upstairs AND downstairs doors and all just breathe in that fresh, salty, Maine-y air. Not to mention Silly's is down the street so getting a whiff of BBQ and french fries every now and again wouldn't be, bad either.
Today we're featuring: Mildred! This lady (Jackie Dubois) will be inhabiting the "BIG THAW Shop" which happens to double as the coat room at Mayo St. As you're walking in to the fair don't forget to stop and flip through her amazing vintage clothing, shoes, and her animal cards and silk pillows (made from vintage kimonos. Oh god, yes.)
What can you expect to find from Mildred at The BIG THAW? Here's what Jackie says:
"Been stitching up a collection of primitive style quilted pillows made with vintage kimono silks and wools as well as organic hemps and linens. I will also share a few new printed animal cards from the Beast and Fowl series: tigers, antelopes, roosters, hawks, rabbits and llamas, oh my!
My vintage heap will include light and breezy frocks and tops, good plaids, checks and woven prints, boots and heels, leather bags, cardigans, cropped sweater vests, silky scarves and a bit of jewelry."
The vintage heap sounds like what we need to stock up for Spring in Maine: not too hot, not too cold, sweltering and freezing all in the same day. P.S. Jackie has insane taste in boots and you better hope she's got something in your size on Saturday the 16th. Love!
When it comes to being a vintage seller and artist, Jackie practices what she preaches, too. Her walls are filled with local artists' work. Let's hear what she had to say about what inspires her:
"I love simple. I also love intricate. A balance of fresh and worn.
My friends inspire me most. I am so thankful for all of the creative people in my life: fashion designers, wood workers, painters, writers, chefs, musicians. My walls are filled with the works of my visual artist friends, my record collection includes the sounds of my musician friends…being reminded of such talent keeps me motivated to keep doing what I'm doing."
Jackie — your favorite decade? (We love this question).
"I am currently admiring the 60's Bobbie Gentry good girl style: pegged jeans, gingham and tiny calico tops, western ankle boots (if not bare feet), long hair and leather fringe.
In contrast, I never get tired of the ultra femme and glamorous 20's: pale skin, short perfectly coiffed hair, sequins, feathers and oxford heels."
(I can get behind the pale skin and oxfords thing — it's going to take about 5 beach trips to get my Irish tan on (freckles) to liven up this winter white.)
And, lastly, we will leave you with Jackie's thoughts about what she most loves about the Springtime in Maine. Us too, Jackie, us too.
"Watching our yard evolve into a wonderland of wildflowers, herbs, ferns and mushrooms. Sitting on top of mountains. Soaking up the sun. Growing tomatoes. Firing up the grill. Bonfires. Rummaging outdoor
flea markets for old gems. Bike rides. Ocean swims. Hammock naps. Moving projects from the studio to the porch…oh, I can hardly wait!"
As it turns out, Jackie heard about The BIG THAW from Kris Johnsen of Emblem Studio (via Facebook). Thanks, Kris, for bringing Jackie to us!! The BIG THAW Arts, Crafts and Vintage sale will be happening big time a week from today on Saturday, April 16th at The Mayo Street Arts Center at 10 Mayo St. in East Bayside, Portland. 10am-4pm.


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UPDATE: This theme now includes a partial PSD template! This means that you can now edit the static header images + logo. If you've purchased this theme prior to the update, just download it again . Thank you.
Bluenose is a crisp new theme. It features stunning graphics and an innovative layout. Bluenose is easily customizable to be your own.
Included in the package are 4 templates to get you started:
- Home Page
- Portfolio Page
- About Page
- Contact Page
- Web 2.0
- Crisp Lines
- Matte Colors
- Iconic Artwork


text:
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This presence of this badge signifies that this business has officially registered with the Art Storefronts Organization and has an established track record of selling art.
It also means that buyers can trust that they are buying from a legitimate business. Art sellers that conduct fraudulent activity or that receive numerous complaints from buyers will have this badge revoked. If you would like to file a complaint about this seller, please do so here.
The Art Storefronts Organization has verified that this business has provided a returns & exchanges policy for all art purchases.
Fulfillment is provided by Skyline Art Editions. Skyline Art Editions Return Policy: Skyline Art Editions charges a 25% restocking fee for all returns. Returns must be placed within 14 calendar days of the shipment date. The restocking fee exists because all products at Skyline Printing are custom made per order. Please contact Skyline Printing if you have any questions about your order at (512)497-2822 or firstname.lastname@example.com
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How to Write the Literature Review Chapter of a Dissertation or Thesis
(Updated on May 6, 2020)
When completing a dissertation or thesis, you'll need to conduct a phenomenal amount of data collection. This research may include using online and offline sources in order to gather information, though you may also be called upon to conduct research or experiments on your own in order to obtain original data in support of your thesis or reference project.
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Depending upon the requirements of your dissertation or thesis, you might also be called upon to writer a literature review chapter. It is important to note that a literature review isn't the same as a book review. Whereas a book review is completed to provide the reader with information about the story of the book as well as a brief opinion on the work, a literature review delves far deeper into the book being reviewed.
With a literature review, your goal is to dissect the piece and to determine its relevancy and its impact on the field. As such, you'll only provide a brief summary of what the book was about while the majority of your literature review chapter will focus more on the impact the work has on the field of study and whether or not it made a meaningful contribution to the field.
In order to write the literature review chapter component of your dissertation or thesis, you'll need to complete for basic stages. The first stage is the problem formulation stage. During this stage, you'll determine which topic of field you'll be examining. The next stage is the literature search. At this time, you'll look for materials that are relevant to the topic you're exploring. The next stage is data evaluation, at which time you work to determine what literature makes the biggest contribution to the topic. Finally, you'll analyze and interpret your findings as well as the conclusions you can draw from the literature you're reviewing.
There are a number of key elements that should be included in the actual review of the literature. For example, you should provide an overview of the subject as well as the theory or issue you're writing about. This area should already be thoroughly covered in your dissertation and should connect smoothly to the literature review component.
You will also need to divide the works you're reviewing into different categories. For example, you might divide the works according to which ones are in support of a certain position as opposed to those who are against it. After categorizing the works, you'll still need to provide an explanation of how the works are similar and how they differ. Finally, you'll need to draw conclusions regarding which are most convincing, which present the best information, and which ones make the most significant impact on the understanding of the topic being researched. Making this determination will rely heavily upon considering the author's credentials, the objectivity of the author, the author's persuasiveness, and the value of the author's arguments.
Dissertation Literature Review
A dissertation literature review usually follows the introduction chapter. The introduction outlines the research problem the report will address, describes the purpose of the study, and lists the writer's hypotheses regarding the outcomes of those problems. The literature review comes next to suggest the validity of the topic by pointing to its relevance to other scholars. Therefore, a dissertation literature review serves, in a way, to prove the credibility of both the report and the writer by demonstrating the writer's awareness of relevant research in the field.
Many students find dissertation literature reviews daunting because of their length and depth. However, this need not be the case. The most difficult aspect of the literature review is the research going into it; the writing element is fairly straightforward.
Dissertation literature reviews aren't places for commentary, but reporting. The student should simply present a summary of each study according to the guidelines presented above.
Writing a Literature Review
A scholarly literature review references a variety of different books, papers, and other sources that are related to a specific issue in order to produce a critical evaluation of each piece. As such, the primary purpose of a literature review is to provide an overview of the significant pieces of literature that have been published on a particular topic.
When learning how to write a literature review, you'll need to go through four primary stages:
- Problem formulation
- Literature search
- Data evaluation
- Analysis and interpretation
With the problem formulation stage, you must determine the general field to examine, and then you must choose a focused topic within that general field. Next, you'll conduct a literature search in order to find those materials that are relevant to the topic that you're researching.
After gathering the various pieces of literature that are relevant to the topic, you'll then need to decide upon which pieces make the most significant contribution to being able to understand the topic. After making this determination, you'll then discuss these various pieces of literature and explain their relevance to the subject.
In order to complete a literature review, you'll need to first provide the reader with an overview of the subject, theory, or issue about which you'll be writing. In addition, you'll need to provide the reader with a brief overview of the objectives that you'll be discussing in the review.
Next, you'll need to divide the various literary works into different categories. You will need to develop the categories on your own, in accordance with how they're related to the broader subject matter. In many cases, however, the best way to divide the works is into the following categories:
- those that support a certain position;
- those that don't support a certain position;
- those that offer alternative viewpoints on the same, general topic.
Once you have established the categories, the body of your document will include at least one paragraph for each of your categories. Within these paragraphs, you'll explain how each literary piece is both similar to and different from the others.
For the conclusion of your literature review, you should discuss which pieces you feel are the best to offer in the subject area. In order to select the best pieces, you should consider which ones make the most convincing argument, which make the greatest contribution on the subject, and which demonstrate the greatest understanding of the subject. Other areas to consider include the author's credentials, the strength of the data used to support the author's point-of-view, and the objectivity of the author.
Remember, when engaged in literature review writing, your goal is to place each of the works within the context of its contribution to the subject. You also have to describe the relationship of each piece to the topic, as well as discuss the overall impact that each piece has on the field of study about which it was completed.
Literature Review Writing Help
A literature review is a comprehensive survey of scholarly research on a particular topic. Literature reviews are commonly included in journal articles, research studies, and doctoral dissertations. It is likely that students in the graduate or advanced undergraduate phases of their studies will have to do a literature review at some point, especially if their fields are in the sciences or social sciences. Many students are intimidated by such an assignment because they don't have experience with this type of writing, and assume that they don't know how to write literature reviews. However, writing a literature review simply requires the student to compile information in a straightforward and organized fashion. This process begins with research and learning how to write literature review notes.
The research for a literature review should be comprehensive. This means that it should cover all major studies relevant to the topic of the review. It is unlikely that all sources on one topic will be found in one university library. Therefore, it may require the student to look beyond his/her own university to sources housed elsewhere. Throughout the entire research process, the student should keep extremely detailed notes of each study he/she examines. This includes noting the type of study that was carried out, what or who the study subjects were, the method of the study, the study's means of data analysis, the study's findings, and the researcher's suggestions for further areas of study in the topic. It is imperative that a student take thorough notes; otherwise, the learner will likely forget the details of the study necessary for inclusion in the literature review.
A literature review is a survey of research; it doesn't provide commentary on the research it presents. Unlike research papers, wherein students are required to analyze and engage the secondary sources they incorporate, a literature review is strictly a report. Sometimes students unfamiliar with how to write literature reviews assume they need to insert their critical assessments of the studies; this isn't the case. The literature review simply requires the student to provide detailed summaries of various research studies and report on them in an objective fashion. This in itself isn't difficult if the student has recorded detailed notes of his/her research and has prepared for the writing process by turning these notes into an outline.
Because literature reviews have such a volume of information, some students may be daunted by how to write literature review outlines. This process will simply require time and a word processor so that students can freely move information around in different orders. Often, the first concern students have regarding how to write literature review outlines is where to begin. It is always best to begin with the most general information first—the studies and sources that define the topic at hand and its significance—then progress to more detailed studies. The outline should be organized by the subcategories of the topic. Within each subcategory, there should be a list of the relevant studies on that topic. Research studies that are similar or suggest similar implications should be grouped together.
Once the outline is complete, the student is ready to write the literature review—a process that should be fairly straightforward now that the research is complete and the organization has been determined. Students who have further concerns about how to write literature reviews should consult their instructors or read examples of literature reviews to see how others have completed them in the past.
Writing a Review of Literature
In many long, scholarly documents such as dissertations, theses, and journal articles, it's common to include a section that presents an overview of existing research on the given topic. This section presents a survey (review) of research (literature); thus, it's known as a "review of literature" or "literature review." Reviews of literature are intended to provide a reader with background information about previous scholarly investigations on a specific topic. This is done both to inform and to point out areas in the literature that need further development. Often, exploring just such an area will be the object of the writer's own research.
A review of literature is essentially a series of summaries that explain the objectives, processes, and findings of a variety of research studies related to the writer's own topic. These summaries are organized in such a way that studies that focus on similar subjects or have similar findings are grouped together. Thus, reviews of literature are organized by study focuses and findings.
The research necessary to assemble a comprehensive review of literature on a single topic takes significant time and effort. Reviews of literature aren't simply papers that report selectively on important studies. Reviews of literature are intended to address all studies that are relevant to the writer's particular topic, which requires the writer to find and read all of these studies. Though this may seem daunting, topics requiring literature reviews are so specific and specialized that the most difficult process isn't reading all the research, but finding it.
A review of literature must be completed in very straightforward language. This is because a review of literature is intended to be an unbiased summary rather than a discussion. The writer should actually avoid including any commentary or analysis in the review.
Because reviews of literature are reports on secondary research, they will be rich in quotations, paraphrases, and citations. Any time a research study is mentioned, it must be given proper credit with a citation. The type of citation will depend on the style sheet the writer is using, but it will always include a mention of the author's name and, if it's a quotation, the inclusion of the page number on which the quote can be found.
What Is a Literature Review?
A literature review is a comprehensive survey of scholarly research on a specific topic. Literature reviews are commonly included in doctoral dissertations and academic journal articles. The point of a literature review is to present all of the relevant research on a single topic in order to demonstrate how the researcher's own research—which is presented elsewhere—builds on and contributes to existing knowledge to add new insight. In order for literature reviews to be both comprehensive and understandable, the student must devote significant effort to both researching and writing. There are many guidelines for literature review researching and writing, and students who are unfamiliar with these guidelines may benefit from perusing published literature reviews or academic models.
A literature review is a survey of research; it doesn't provide commentary on the research it presents. It is not, therefore, a reference project. In research papers, students analyze and engage the secondary sources they incorporate. In a literature review, a student should only report on those sources. For literature reviews to do this effectively requires the student to assume an objective tone and merely summarize research studies rather than comment on them.
The biggest challenge for literature review writers is often organization. The format for literature reviews will vary slightly depending on the type of document or study the student is writing. However, most literature reviews will be divided into several sections that will be clearly defined through informative headings. Often, these headings separate the discussed research studies into categories in order to progress in an organized and orderly fashion. To best execute this organization, it may be helpful for literature review writers to create an outline before writing the document itself. This process is best completed with a word processor so that students can easily move information into varying orders. This outline should begin with the most general information first—the studies and sources that define the topic at hand and its significance—then progress to more detailed research studies.
Example of a Literature Review
An example of a literature review consists of many sections. A literature review is an academic writing that surveys different reference sources and presents information for the reader to analyze. By effectively evaluating selected documents pertaining to a particular research topic, learners can synthesize important information. Examples of literature reviews help writers to understand how to write effectual reviews that provide backgrounds for proposed studies.
There are many purposes for literature reviews. First of all, a good review of literature will offer theoretical background. Then, it can also present a methodology or research methods. Moreover, it may provide rationale or relevance of a study currently being analyzed. Writers can utilize an example of literature review in order to distinguish what has been done from what research must be conducted. Instructors often assign students the writing of literature reviews in order to meet the requirements of a large academic writing such as a thesis or reference project.
To begin writing a literature review, students must first search for literature. Then, they must sort and prioritize the retrieved literature after analytically reading the material. It is imperative that students also evaluate the literature in terms of its relevancy to their research topic. By making comparisons across studies, learners can better organize the content of the literature review for clarity. Examples of literature reviews are helpful to both teachers and students who must evaluate academic materials for substance.
Therefore, an example of a literature review shows the sections of academic writing with regards to an introduction, a body, and a conclusion. In the introduction, the writing gives an overview of the scale and structure for the review. Since a literature review isn't a novel critique, the introduction helps to define the wide scope of the research document. Next, the body of the review is quite extensive; it covers in great detail the analysis and synthesis of key information from retrieved sources. Throughout the body, the writer gives reasons for similarities and differences between investigated studies. Good topic sentences at the beginning of paragraphs along with concluding sentences at the end of sections help the reader to comprehend the main issues of the literature review.
Finally, the last section shown in examples of literature reviews is the conclusion. During this final writing step, the student is able to formulate summaries that maintain the focus presented by the introduction. Also, the conclusion is where the writer evaluates the current status of the sources in general terms as he/she points out any gaps in the literature. By drawing relevant conclusions, the writer facilitates the reader's understanding of key relationships between the research topic and a larger area of professional expertise.
Literature Review How-To Guide
A literature review how-to is usually a step-by-step guide that helps students learn how to create a literature review (or a component/section/chapter of it). There are a wide variety of literature review how-to papers at EssayTown.com available to help students learn how to perform research for a literature review, outline a literature review, draft a literature review, and even edit a literature review. Every literature review how-to has one thing in common: it's designed to help students get the best possible grade from their literature reviews.
Students need to consider the sources of their literature review how-to in order to decide how credible the how-to is. Literature review how-to papers shouldn't only help students understand how to write an effective literature review, but they should also provide examples that make sense to the students. After all, a literature review how-to that's difficult for students to understand isn't very effective in the long run.
When a student looks for literature review how-to papers, he/she should read several different ones in order to make sure that the information is consistent. Writing a literature review is fairly standard. However, not all literature reviews will have the same information or the same level of accuracy of information. By comparing literature review how-to papers, learners will be able to determine which reviews contain the most similar information, which also might mean that the information is the most accurate.
Students also need to consider the assignment requirements before they select which literature review how-to they follow. For example, some literature review how-to documents might help learners write their final document in MLA or APA format. Some literature review how-to papers will suggest that students should add certain elements that may not be required, such as an analysis of the author's personal struggles and their application to the literary work.
A literature review how-to paper is different from a literature review writing or editing service. A how-to document is an instructional guideline that helps students to create their own materials. Many how-to documents contain a step-by-step guide that students can follow. However, literature review editing and writing services are customized for students needs and requirements. Usually, with a writing or editing service, the learner will work closely with a writer or editor to create a document that he/she can reference. Literature review how-to papers offer students more independence.
Literature Review Format
Every academic document should have its own style and format. The same goes for literature reviews. Even though literature reviews are largely subjective academic works, there's still a literature review format that students should follow. Students may, however, vary the style of content that they wish to include in the literature review.
Many students will have to write literature reviews. Even if a student is majoring in something other than English, he/she will most likely have to write literature reviews for his/her high school-level English courses. Therefore, all students will need to be familiar with the standard literature review format at some point during their academic careers.
Furthermore, literature review formats not only help learners to structure their literature reviews in a meaningful manner, but they also can help students structure their thoughts and persuasive arguments in an effective manner. Students learn how to provide background information and evidence in order to support their points when they develop their literature review formats. Therefore, literature review formats can be applied to just about any topic that a student needs to write about in order to make his/her argument more effective.
The first thing that students should know about a literature review format is that the document should be completed with a purpose. With each paragraph of the literature review, the student should come closer and closer to defining and explaining that purpose. Therefore, in order to format a literature review correctly, students need to first read and understand the piece of literature about which they're writing.
The first part of a literature review format is the introduction. This is where the student should provide information about the background of the literary work and give insight into the purpose of the literary review. Next, the student should complete a thesis statement, which briefly explains what he/she will say in his/her literature review. Every subsequent paragraph in the literature review format should support that thesis statement with new information. Finally, the learner will have a conclusion that the end of the literature review format.
There are many different types of academic document formats that students should know if they're going to write effective projects. When a student has to complete a literature review, he/she needs to be sure that he/she is following the proper format and not following the format for another type of academic work, such as an essay or story review.
Purpose of a Literature Review
The section of a report or scholarly journal article that presents a detailed summary of existing research on a specific topic is formally known as the "literature review." Literature reviews are surveys (reviews) of research (literature) on a particular subject. There are two primary purposes for such surveys: (1) to provide the reader with a comprehensive understanding of the scholarly work that has been done regarding a particular topic; and (2) to identify areas within that body of research that have yet to be fully explored.
Literature reviews are unlike most other types of investigation-based writing in that they aren't discussions of ideas in which the writer inserts his/her own opinion and analysis of the presented concepts. In fact, the literature review writer must avoid inserting his/her opinions or analyses, as the document is intended to be a neutral overview of existing research on the given topic.
In addition to being neutral, the literature review must be direct. In keeping with the report-style writing mentioned above, a literature review should be completed in straightforward and concise language and strive for impeccable clarity.
The literature review must also be thorough. It must be thorough in the sense that it must encompass all of the relevant research existing on a single topic, and it must be thorough in the sense that every study discussed must be completely explained. This means that the process, outcomes, and implications of each study included must be addressed.
The literature review must be well-organized. Each study presented in the review should have its own paragraph or set of paragraphs. The review should progress in a general-to-specific order, such that the beginning pages deal with concepts that contextualize and explain the review topic and the later pages address more nuanced aspects of the topic.
The literature review must be properly cited. Literature reviews are comprised entirely of secondary research. Therefore, there will be dozens and possibly hundreds of citations throughout the text. Each of these must be properly documented both in the text and in a list of works cited at the end of the document. The citation style used for this documentation will vary depending on the discipline in which the literature review is being composed.
Finally, literature reviews must be carefully proofread. Both the writer and an outside reader should examine the document several times to check for grammar, spelling, and style errors.
Literature Review Basics
What is a literature review?
Many students, when assigned to do a literature review, will ask themselves, each other, and their professors this question. This is because the literature review is a genre that's only required once students have reached an advanced level in a particular subject. Therefore, it's likely that most college students don't have a background in literature review writing. So, what are literature reviews? They are comprehensive overviews of research on a single and specific subject. Literature reviews are essentially long summaries of data collection. They aren't research papers, because the student isn't expected to comment on the research.
What is a literature review's objective?
The primary purpose of a literature review is to provide a summary of all of the major works existing on a single, specific subject. This is done for two reasons: (1) so that the researcher is aware of all of those works and their implications so that he/she can perform research in that area that's not replicating the existing research but building on it, and (2) so that readers of the literature review can understand the background information and knowledge existing on the subject.
What is a literature review's context?
Literature reviews are commonly included in dissertations and in scholarly journal articles. In this context, the literature review provides a background of existing research before the dissertation writer presents his/her own research in the area. This proves that the researcher's study is grounded in existing research.
Who is the audience for a literature review?
Typically, the audience for a literature review is an academic audience that has some familiarity with the subject or at least the discipline in which the literature review is completed.
What are literature reviews' conventions?
Literature reviews are completed in third-person, academic prose. They don't provide commentary on the studies, but merely report on them. Literature reviews close by commenting on further research that needs to be done on the particular subject.
What are literature reviews' citation rules?
The citation style of a literature review will depend on the discipline in which the review is being written. Most literature reviews in the social sciences will use APA style. Literature reviews in the humanities will use MLA.
What Is Literature Review Writing?
Most students who are in college are aware that, if they continue through graduate school, they will need to complete a thesis or dissertation. Students are also generally aware that theses and dissertations are comprised of chapters that typically include an introduction, literature review, methodology, results, and conclusion. What students are often stymied by is the question, "What, exactly, is literature review writing?"
To answer the question, it's important to understand the purpose of a literature review. Essentially, a literature review is a summary of existing, published information on a topic. The information should be from credible academic sources. Once a student has selected his/her thesis or dissertation topic, that student then reviews the existing literature on the topic and writes a literature review based on what he/she has uncovered.
Another question students often ask is what is literature review analysis? Many individuals believe that the literature review is the most important part of a thesis or reference project. For this reason, a literature review is often heavily analyzed by both students and instructors. A literature review analysis essentially critically reviews the literature review chapter of the thesis or dissertation for relevance and content. The information contained in a literature review must be relevant to the topic and thoroughly reviewed to ensure that its content reflects the student's goals.
Students also often want to know what is literature review criticism. Literature review criticism can, and should, occur from a variety of different sources. The first critique of a literature review should come from the student himself/herself. As mentioned above, literature reviews should be reviewed for content and relevance to the topic. The content of the literature review should be credible and it should be relevant to the topic. Students must critically review their own work to ensure that their literature review meets this basic criteria.
Students should also invite several other people to critique their literature review. The fact is that a literature review is a critical component of a thesis or dissertation and the weight of its content warrants significant attention to the information contained within that particular chapter. Literature reviews should be critiqued by other students, student editors, advisors, friends, and any other individuals that the writer can enlist.
Write Literature Reviews Correctly
Many college and graduate students will be required to complete a good literature review document at some point in their studies. A literature review is a comprehensive survey of existing research on a single, narrowly-defined topic. To write literature reviews effectively will often require the writer to learn how to write literature review notes and outlines and to familiarize himself/herself with the conventions of literature review writing in order to adapt those conventions to the needs of his/her particular topic.
Literature reviews are surveys of research; therefore, the process of completing a literature review begins in an academic library. The research required to complete a good literature review is very different from the research required for a research or term paper because rather than unearthing several sources that will contribute to the writer's paper idea, a literature review must address all sources that are relevant to the researcher's topic. This will necessitate investigation into many sources, and will therefore require the researcher to write literature review notes on each source he/she encounters. These notes should indicate the source, author, publication date, and main topic of the research. They should record a detailed description of the source's primary arguments and findings, and should also note why the study should be included in the literature review—the way in which the study is relevant to the researcher's topic of investigation.
Once students have completed their research, they must organize the research into a coherent structure. To this end, learners should complete a good literature review outline. In the outline, the student should determine the primary categories of research that will be discussed in the review, and then decide which research studies belong in each category. In addition, the student should decide on the best order for structuring the entire review. Therefore, it's best that the literature review outline be composed on a word processor so that the student can easily move the primary sections into varying orders.
To write literature reviews in a sophisticated academic way requires the writer to be an objective reporter rather than an involved commentator. This means students should write literature reviews in a clear and impartial manner that presents each study's research objectives and findings without inserting the student's opinions on these objectives and findings. The review should conclude with a paragraph that comments on what the body of research presented suggests about the researcher's topic in general and what areas of research are left to be explored to further that research topic.
How to Write Literature Reviews for College
It is likely that sometime in the course of a student's graduate study, and sometimes even in his/her undergraduate study, he/she will be required to undertake an extensive research project and present the results of that research in what is known as a "literature review." A literature review is an overview of scholarly research on a single topic. It may be one part of a larger text, such as a dissertation or journal article, or it may be a single text in itself. Because a literature review is a document with which many learners are unfamiliar, they are often unsure of how to write a literature review and become intimidated. This need not be the case, as a literature review is a document that can be easily composed once the student has learned how to approach its organization.
The first step to learning how to write a literature review is to have a clear idea of what it is. Many students who are confused about how to write a literature review assume that it is the equivalent of a college research paper. This isn't the case. A research paper presents scholarly studies to make a point or argument. A literature review, on the other hand, objectively presents an exhaustive survey of relevant research on a particular topic in order to 1) establish the scope and depth of scholarly opinion on that topic; 2) place the study within the context of its academic precedents; 3) determine if further research is necessary.
The most difficult decision to make when considering how to write literature reviews is how best to organize the material. The best way to ensure a good literature review is to compose a thorough outline before writing. Literature reviews should be organized by the subcategories of the topic they address. Therefore, the best way to approach a literature review is to make a list of all the studies that need to be included and then divide that list into topic subcategories. For instance, if the literature review were on compositional styles in the late Baroque period, the research that the writer would present would likely include several different papers about varying types of late Baroque composition. The list should be broken down into subcategories of papers that address roughly the same style. For example, there would be subcategories for chamber music compositions, vocal works, orchestral works, concerti, keyboard music, etc. The literature review should be organized in such a way that all of the works in one subcategory are discussed before moving on to a different subcategory. Furthermore, it should be organized so that studies that build on each other are placed next to each other in the text. This will improve the document's natural progression and "flow" (i.e., make the writing more readable, understandable, sensible, and easier to follow).
Similarly, if one were composing a literature review on the mating behavior of eels, the literature review would group studies with similar findings together in such a way that the mating behavior of freshwater eels is discussed in one section and the mating behavior of saltwater eels is discussed in another. Within those subdivisions, each study should be discussed in its own paragraph or set of paragraphs.
Once the writer has determined the overall organization of the literature review, the next step is to follow the outline by presenting a summary of each study. Each study in a literature review should have its own paragraph or set of paragraphs that clearly outlines:
- the authors of the research;
- the year the research was published;
- what the study sought to determine;
- the way in which the study was executed;
- the study's results or findings.
All of this information should be discussed in an academic and objective fashion.
The literature review should conclude by describing the general ideas presented by the body of literature discussed in the study and pointing to any conclusions the research as a whole makes about the topic at hand. It should then suggest areas of research in the particular topic that have yet to be investigated.
If students have further questions about how to write literature reviews, it may be helpful to read literature reviews completed by both students and professionals. These can be found in academic journals and databases, and may also be available from a student's professor. Examining existing literature review models will assist any student wishing to know how to write literature reviews that are accomplished and effective.
Writing a Literature Review Paper
Writing a literature review may be one of the most time-intensive writing assignments a student undertakes in the course of his/her studies. It requires extensive research and detailed organization. It's also different from writing other types of academic texts because it requires the writer to be an objective reporter of information rather than an engaged participant in the conversation about that information. In other words, a literature review isn't a text that seeks to advance the writer's ideas or opinions on a particular topic; it's presented with the sole purpose of offering an overview of relevant research on a topic.
Writing a literature review will be the same regardless of its final form: it requires the organized, logical, and comprehensive presentation of all of the scholarly material related to a specific topic. The point of writing literature reviews is to compile important research on a topic in order to be aware of previous investigation into that topic so that the researcher can attempt to contribute something new to that body of research .
When completing literature reviews, it's best to plan the organization of the data before beginning the writing process. This will help the literature review be understandable, and will also help the writer approach the literature review in the most efficient way. Therefore, it may be helpful to create a rough outline of the order in which the material will be presented before beginning. Keep in mind that it's always advisable to present general information first and then work into more complex studies.
What Goes in a Literature Review?
If a student needs to complete a literature review, he/she needs to understand the basic format and type of information that should be included. Literature reviews are common academic documents in which a student must read a piece of literature, such as a novel or a poem, and complete a written review. Literature reviews not only provide information about the literary work(s), but also analysis from the student's point-of-view.
When completing literature reviews, students need to first read a piece of literature and understand it. Often, a professor will tell students which angle or topic that he/she would like them to use. For example, a literature review could discuss themes or ideas, character development, or the style of the literary work(s).
Many literature reviews not only discuss themes related to a particular literary work, but they also include an analysis of the author and his/her influences. Therefore, in many cases, when completing a literature review, students also need to research information about the author. Often, understanding an author's influences can also help a student understand more about a particular literary work.
Writing literature review papers also requires that students use their critical thinking to understand a literary work. The literature review should include background information about the literary work, a review of the literary work, and a conclusion in which the student expresses his/her analysis of the literary work.
Literature reviews begin with an introduction, which describes the literary work, gives background into the information and ideas that will be included, and any particular information that the student thinks is relevant. The body should include information that supports the student's point-of-view. The conclusion should revisit and validate his/her previous opinions and/or assertions.
Writing literature reviews is different than writing book reports. A book report provides an overview of a book and is based on information about the book. Such assignments are factual and don't generally include opinions or analyses of the book. However, a literature review will include both informational *and* analytical components. Therefore, when writing literature review papers, students need to use critical thinking skills as well as specific information about the literary work.
Literature Review Samples
A literature review is a comprehensive survey of relevant research on a single topic. Literature reviews are commonly included in investigation-based dissertations and scholarly journal articles. Because they are long and involved documents, it can be very helpful for writers who are new to the writing of literature reviews to spend some time browsing literature review samples. A literature review sample is simply an existing literature review or literature review model that can be studied in order to become familiar with the conventions of literature review structure and style. Literature review samples aren't necessarily published literature reviews that were completed to be part of a report or journal article. Some are specifically designed by academic resources to be models for students in the literature review writing process. Students can gain tremendous knowledge from examining literature review samples that are intended to serve as academic models *and* those that are published with only informational intentions.
Sometimes, style manuals or reference books about writing will contain a full or partial literature review sample to provide students with a standard model. Literature review samples that are presented by academic resources will often include in-text and marginal notes that point out important elements. For instance, these notes will often highlight the various headings of the literature review and what is included in them; the style of writing, which should be objective and succinct; the manner in which the writer cites secondary sources, which will depend on the particular style sheet the writer is using; the way the review is structured; the way the review concludes; and other notable features. Students should pay close attention to these notes and fashion their own literature reviews accordingly.
A literature review that's part of a finished dissertation or journal article—particularly a published dissertation or journal article—can also serve as an excellent literature review sample. Though literature reviews of this nature will not point out certain features in the same way that an academic model will, they demonstrate how the model can be adapted to fit the needs of particular research texts. Not all literature reviews will be the same because they vary based on research topic and writing style. Therefore, it may be very helpful for a learner to browse through several different published literature reviews in order to determine how the form can be adjusted.
Literature Review Examples
Literature review examples are samples that are intended to be used as model texts. They are often distributed by universities, professors, academic organizations, and style manuals. Literature review examples are always intended to be reference materials; even if the student comes across one that happens to be on his/her intended topic, he/she should never use the sources discussed without vetting each source to assess its appropriateness for inclusion in his/her own review.
Literature review examples are intended to inform students of the conventions of literature review writing. One of these conventions is the style of writing that's particular to literature reviews. It is unlikely that students have had experience with this style unless they have completed literature reviews in the past. This style is different from most academic writing styles in that it must be report-like. Most investigation-based writing is written in a standard academic style wherein the writer discusses various ideas and then comments on those ideas. In a literature review, the writer isn't supposed to comment on the research being discussed, but merely outline how the research was executed and what the research discovered. Furthermore, students have likely been taught to vary their sentence structure throughout a text so as to maintain reader attention and engagement; this isn't the case for literature review writing. Each study should be reported on in roughly the same fashion and in roughly the same structure. Reading a literature review example can help a student become comfortable with this style.
Literature review examples are also valuable as structural models. The structure of a text is its organization. Because literature reviews feature a vast amount of information, students sometimes struggle with how to order and arrange this information. Viewing multiple literature review examples is the best way to become comfortable with literature review structure. Many students will notice that the majority of the examples they view will be arranged in a general-to-specific fashion. This means that the beginning of the review will focus on issues about the topic in general; as the review progresses, it will explore studies with more nuanced angles or points.
One of the most important uses of a literature review example is as a citation guide. Because literature reviews are focused entirely on external research, they will be primarily comprised of paraphrases and quotations. This means that every single paraphrase and quotation must be properly cited in the text and correctly documented in the works cited or reference page following the review. It also means that the learner will have to determine how to integrate paraphrases and quotes into the text in such a way that allows for a smooth read. These skills are best learned through a combination of practice and observation. The student will gain the practice through writing the review. Observation, if done in advance, can make the learning process much easier.
Sample Literature Reviews
University students often reference sample literature reviews in order to learn more about how to write literature reviews. Indeed, students in English courses will have to write many literature reviews over their course of their academic study. Literature reviews not only give students an opportunity to read a particular literary work, but they also encourage the student to think critically about that work and the elements and tools that the author used.
By looking over sample literature reviews, students can learn more about what kind of content belongs in literature reviews and what kind of format and flow these reviews often have. Also, sample literature reviews can help learners to become familiar with the writing style of literature reviews, which is both informative and opinionated.
In order for students to find the right sample literature review for their project, they need to first understand the topic that they need about which to write. The topic will directly relate to the literary work that they need to cover in the literature review. Often, students benefit by accessing sample literature reviews that are specifically completed on a student's topic. That way, learners can see how other students have worked with the same information.
Some students use sample literature reviews as the basis for their own literature reviews. In such a case, the student may use the sample literature review as a first draft of his/her own work. The student may edit the review significantly or only slightly. However, students need to be sure that they aren't violating an honor code by using sample literature reviews as the basis for their own work.
Other students use a sample literature review for their research. They might take the literature review into account when trying to think more about themes and other literary devices that an author used. In such a case, the student should be sure that the information in the sample literature review is accurate and complete.
Some students confuse literature reviews with other types of documents that are generally used in English courses, such as a story critiques. Reviewing sample literature reviews can help students to learn the difference between book reports and literary reviews. However, in general, a book report is a factual recount of tools and facts that are conveyed in a piece of literature. A literature review is a forum for students to discuss how successful the author used these tools to convey ideas and facts and is usually from the student's point-of-view.
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text: Friday, October 12, 2012 New in the Literature: Eccentric Strengthening for Achilles Tendinopathy (Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2012. Oct 5. [Epub ahead of print]) Eccentric strengthening was more effective than concentric strengthening in reducing pain and improving function in patients with Achilles tendinopathy, say authors of an article published online in American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation. Thirty-two men with Achilles tendinopathy were assigned to either the experimental group (n = 16) that performed eccentric strengthening or the control group (n = 16) that performed concentric strengthening for 8 weeks (50 minutes per day, 3 times per week). A visual analog scale, isokinetic muscle testing equipment, the side-step test, and the Sargent jump test were used to assess pain, muscle strength, endurance, and functional fitness factors before and after the intervention. In comparison with the control group, the experimental group showed significant improvement in pain, ankle dorsiflexion endurance, total balance index, and agility after the intervention. However, there was no significant difference in dexterity between the 2 groups.


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Barnyard Felt Mini (Goat)
All kids love animals! From the barnyard to the jungles, your child can collect those that capture their heart the most. With so many to choose from, that collection can grow quite large!
Materials: Locally-sourced fabrics from the markets of Moldova
Dimensions: 1" x 3"
This is a New Creation Exclusive Item!!
Art Story | Survivor Made | Moldova


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Meeting Schedule
Meeting Agendas
Meeting Minutes
The Perinton Town Council is the executive body that governs the town. Town Council Members serve 4 year terms. The Supervisor serves a 2 year term.
The Town Council meets on the 2nd and 4th Wednesday of each month at 7:30 PM. (In the Board Room at the Perinton Town Hall)


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There have been some moments in gaming history when we've had our hopes and dreams smashed against the rocks of "what the hell?" The EyeToy was one such moment, as was "You're in the Movies" on the Xbox 360. Start the Party! can be filed in the same drawer of desperation.
Start the Party! is one of the launch titles for PlayStation Move and is a loose collection of mini-games that involve various deployments of the new Sony PlayStation Move controller. It's bright, it's noisy and some would say that it's only our loss of the sense of joy that holds us back from saying it's fun.
Visually, yes, the menus and backgrounds are fun and colourful, the sort of thing that will catch the eye of young gamers and draw them into things. It's a game designed to be lightweight and fun for the whole family and we know that this often results in a final product that is neither engaging or possessing any degree of longevity, which is why we take issue at Start the Party! being a game you'll be asked to pay for.
Start the Party! does exhibit some of the skills of the PlayStation Move as it uses both the camera and the motion controllers. The camera is used to capture an image of the gamer, which can then be put to use elsewhere in the game - trapped in the belly of robots for example. The camera also means you'll see yourself on the TV as part of the background of the game.
For kids, this is often enough. Appearing on the TV is something that children will always find amusing, so for a young audience, there is some potential for fun here. But capturing the room means that others will also be in the picture, so to a certain extent that sense of communal gaming comes through.
The other thing that Start the Party! demonstrates is how well the PlayStation Move system can superimpose an object on the end of the controller. Each of the mini games turns the Move controller into an object of some sort - a fan, a torch, a shaver, a paint brush, etc. This is fantastic: it looks great and the range of movement that maps on the screen is really impressive.
But then you come to the games themselves. There are various twists on what is basically the same thing. You have to use the controller (now the relevant tool) to compete against the clock. That might be spotting and shooting ghosts, shaving the heads, or fanning parachutists onto rafts. All the games are basic, so kids and granny will have no problem grasping the concept.
Playing Start the Party! on your own is utterly soul-destroying (perhaps because of the realisation that there is no party to start), but add in a bunch of kids, or a handful of tipsy adults, and things take a turn for the better. The short games mean you can quickly all have a go, and to a certain extent we found it worked as an ideal warm-up to the ultimate drunk adult PS3 party game - SingStar.
And therein lies the problem. Start the Party! isn't laugh out loud funny, not in the way that SingStar is. In fact, amongst the adults of "gaming age" you'll barely see a glimmer of interest. Kids are attracted to the bright designs and cartoon looks, but beyond that, there's little to get excited about.
You'll be able to play multi-player passing the controller around to compete and some of the games are surprisingly tricky to do well at, if you were ever moved to care about them. As isolated mini-games there is little to draw you in, you never really care what the final result is. Like Sports Champions, it does something to showcase the potential for PlayStation Move, but it will never be held up as a shining example of revolutionary gaming.
Start the Party! bears all the hallmarks of a demo game, if anything it should be bundled with the Move controllers to give a taste of what sort of things it will do: to ask £29.99 seems wrong.
Start the Party! will be of limited appeal, but for those PS3 owners who have always been accused of not having anything that the family can enjoy together, then perhaps this is just the ticket. Besides, it's an excuse to buy a Move controller in anticipation of some of the more hardcore titles, perhaps.


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3villaz.com is a property portal for Property Developers to propose their real estate listing to High Net Worth Corporate and Individual Investors. The portal is being extensively marketed through various online and offline media channels as a Property Portal for Investors. The premier real estate website with a high volume of traffic and a suitable platform to advertise your property. Our objective is simple, it is to set up an international property database with distinct quality and efficiency. 3villaz will facilitate people in different countries to buy and sell their homes by using our exclusive service. We incorporate the leading edge tools in Internet technology out of which we have developed a state of the art property finding service which makes property listing/searching the most convenient. We have a network of expertised team who will assist you with the explore properties on the portal and make your listing experience worthwhile.
At Riveria Global we visualize the growth of our core businesses to unforeseen heights due to the strategic location of the middle east on the world map, and the fact of it being the hub of major international business activity, along with the astute focus on future developments by the leaders of UAE, there is expected to be a huge flow of cash rich businessmen from around the world, thereby creating a huge market for the billionaire investors of the world, all together in one place.
Vision 2020 is to have a very simple way for property Builders, Developers and Brokers to market their properties and for Investors to search for best sales and leasing options available in the markets, therefore "Riveria Global Advertising Company LLC" has launched multiple web domains according to the various property types, namely
Exclusive business plan for Real Estate family. We understand it has always been a challenge for all property agents and landlords to cover the real estate market of the world in its entirety. Seeing this challenge, Riveria Global has introduced a comprehensive plan to shoot out this major short coming of the market. We strongly believe in team work and want to see our real estate family across the country to grow with us. "Riveria Global Advertising Company LLC" has launched an exclusive business plan for its contemporaries by gathering all real estate dealers, builders and owners under one roof for facilitating all to achieve greater heights in substantially less time without spending huge sum of money on conventional advertising tools. "Riveria Global Advertising Company LLC" has established a state-of-the-art electronic real estate hub in the form of a series of websites related to different categories of properties.
www.3villaz.com being the first website to be launched in the series to cater to the Real estate section, We at Riveria Global invites the interested sellers as well as buyers of properties to exhibit their projects and requirements respectively.
www.3villaz.com will be extensively targeting the big ticket Investors of Real Estate in the world.
We take great pride to mention that all this Success and Fame would not be possible without the core set of values wherein the thought that every client, investor or an agent adds to group strength, and make the company ready to face the numerous challenges and move ahead towards the new vision. THE VISION OF THE FUTURE.


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1. Literally, to chew on one's fingernails and shorten them. I wish I didn't bite my nails, but it's been such a hard habit to try to break. My sister gets regular manicures to keep from biting her nails.
2. To nervously await something. I've been biting my nails ever since I submitted my application for my first-choice college.
bite one's nails
1. to use one's teeth to remove parts of one's fingernails as a means of shortening them. Stop biting your nails! Use clippers!
2. to literally bite one's nails from nervousness or anxiety; to be nervous or anxious. I spent all afternoon biting my nails, worrying about you. We've all been biting our nails from worry.
bite one's nails
Exhibit signs of anxiety, impatience, or nervousness, as in We'll be biting our nails till the jury comes back. Biting one's fingernails is a time-honored sign of emotional tension. The Roman satirist Horace described it about 35 b.c.: "As he wrought his verse he would often ... gnaw his nails to the quick" ( Satires, Book 1).
bite your ˈnails/ˈfingernailsfeel very excited, nervous, or afraid ▶ ˈnail-biting adj. very exciting or tense: What an exciting movie that was — real nail-biting stuff!
See also: bite, fingernail, nail