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Disappointing news about Germany's economy sent Asian stock markets down on Friday.
Europe's biggest economy contracted a worse-than-expected 0.6 percent in the last quarter of 2012 as recession deepened across the 17 European Union countries that use the euro. It was Germany's worst performance since early 2009, amid a global recession.
The worry for European policymakers is that output is declining beyond weaker, debt-laden economies like Greece and Spain. France, Europe's second-biggest economy, also suffered a drop in output.
"A number of analysts have been making the case for quite some time now that the worst in Europe is probably behind us. However the steepness of the contractions ... appears to have given markets pause," said Michael Hewson of CMC Markets in an email commentary.
The slowdown in Europe was gloomy news for Asia, which depend on exports to the region to help drive their economies.
Japan's Nikkei 225 index fell 1.9 percent to 11,088.23. Hong Kong's Hang Seng dropped 0.2 percent to 23,379.18. South Korea's Kospi was nearly unchanged at 1,979.78. Australia's S&P/ASX 200 was slightly down at 5,035.20. Benchmarks in Singapore and New Zealand also fell. Mainland China and Taiwan were closed for Lunar New Year holidays.
Jackson Wong, vice president at Tanrich Securities in Hong Kong, said the Hang Seng was pausing before markets on mainland China reopen Monday after a weeklong Chinese New Year holiday.
"Analysts are expected a decent gain on the first day," he said, referring to mainland Chinese stocks. "I do expect a gain but not a huge gain. Chinese markets have been moving up steadily like the Hong Kong market. I believe they will continue this trend."
Japanese export shares, which have surged in recent weeks from a weakening yen, got hammered as the Japanese currency reversed course. Sony Corp. plunged 5.2 percent. Ricoh Co. plummeted 5.9 percent. Yamaha Motor Co. tumbled 6.6 percent.
Anglo-Australian mining group Rio Tinto fell 2.5 percent after posting a $3 billion loss for 2012 after taking a $14 billion writedown from its aluminum business and the acquisition of a coal company in Mozambique.
Stocks ended little changed on Wall Street as a slowdown in Europe's economy overshadowed an encouraging report on the U.S. jobs market. The Labor Department on Thursday reported a sharp drop in the number of Americans applying for unemployment benefits. Weekly applications fell 27,000 to a seasonally adjusted 341,000.
The Dow Jones industrial average fell 0.1 percent to 13,973.39. The S&P 500 index edged up 0.1 percent to 1,521.38. The Nasdaq composite rose less than 0.1 percent to 3,198.66.
Benchmark oil for March delivery was up 5 cents to $97.36 per barrel in electronic trading on the New York Mercantile Exchange. The contract rose 30 cents to finish at $97.31 per barrel on the Nymex on Thursday.
In currencies, the euro rose to $1.3358 from $1.3346 late Thursday in New York. The dollar fell to 92.26 yen from 93.02 yen.
Follow Pamela Sampson on Twitter at https://twitter.com/pamelasampson


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AUSTIN, Texas - The Pacific men's basketball team took the floor Thursday morning at the Frank Erwin Events Center with smiles as wide as Texas.
AUSTIN, Texas - The Pacific men's basketball team took the floor Thursday morning at the Frank Erwin Events Center with smiles as wide as Texas.
The Tigers had officially arrived at the NCAA Tournament and were the first team of the eight here to address the media and go through a workout on the same floor that will host four second-round East Region games today. The 15th-seeded Tigers (22-12) will play No. 2 Miami (27-6) at 11:10 a.m. on Channel 13 and TNT.
"This week has been surreal, and we're all just enjoying the situation," junior forward Ross Rivera said. "We're on a seven-game winning streak and it's just carrying over, so we're having a good time and having fun with it. There are a lot of distractions on TV with people talking about the tournament, so we just have to keep our routine and listen to our coaches."
Seniors Lorenzo McCloud, Travis Fulton, Rodrigo de Souza and junior Tony Gill participated in a news conference before their practice, answering questions about matching up with Miami, making it to the NCAA Tournament in coach Bob Thomason's 25th and final season and what it would take to pull the upset over the Hurricanes.
"I think tournament time, anything can really happen, whether it's a 15 (seed) over a 2 (seed) or whatever," said Gill, who was the most valuable player at the Big West Conference Tournament last week. "I think it's just all about which team gets hot and which ones are able to play the whole 40 minutes."
Pacific's workout lasted about 40 minutes, as the Tigers looked loose with a few botched dunk attempts bringing laughter. The team had a full practice later in the afternoon at a smaller gym on the University of Texas, Austin, campus, where the players had one final walk-through on what Miami likes to do on both sides of the ball. Thomason told his players to soak in the experience but also to start focusing on the Hurricanes.
"I think our guys are pretty happy about going to the NCAA Tournament, but now we have to refocus on making sure we are locked into Miami," Thomason said. "Because if you don't get locked into the game - you're playing in an NCAA (Tournament) game - you have no chance."
The vibe around Miami was a lot different. The Hurricanes came into the locker room with a CBS Sports Network camera crew following them for a behind-the-scenes show. The questions they fielded at the news conference centered on whether they felt they should have been a No. 1 seed and the NBA prospects of sophomore point guard Shane Larkin.
While the Hurricanes come into the tournament as one of the top teams in the country, their players are experiencing their first taste of March Madness as well. Miami hasn't been to the tournament since 2008, when only senior forward Julian Gamble was on the team as a red shirt freshman.
"The excitement going around the room, I'm pretty sure there's some butterflies because this is our first time here, but I think we're ready for the moment," senior guard Durand Scott said. "We're well-prepared, so we're going to enjoy the process."
Miami has been resurrected by Jim Larranaga, who took over as coach prior to last season, bringing with him extensive tournament experience while at George Mason, a midmajor program that he led to the Final Four in 2006. Larranaga said the theme for his team this week "is to have fun." But the coach has a narrow definition of fun.
"What I told them fun is isn't fooling around. Really what fun is is playing well," Larranaga said.
As the lowest-seeded team in Austin, the Tigers have the least amount of pressure on them, which Thomason hopes will work to their advantage.
"I don't know if there's any fears or anxiety, but you want to be excited," Thomason said. "If I have to do a Knute Rockne (speech) today to get my guys ready to play, we got a problem anyway, don't we?"
Contact reporter Jagdip Dhillon at (209) 546-8292 or firstname.lastname@example.com. Visit his blog at recordnet.com/sportsblog.

subset: commoncrawl


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On Thursday, April 24, Bronia Brandman told a packed house at Wagner College about her experience during the Holocaust. Brandman, a survivor of Auschwitz and co-author of "The Girl Who Survived: A True Story of the Holocaust," is a gallery educator and member of the Speakers Bureau of the Museum of Jewish Heritage: A Living Memorial to the Holocaust.
With the help of a family photo album, Bronia Brandman traced the fate of the eight members of her family who were caught up in the Nazi campaign to exterminate the Jews of Europe. When war broke out in September 1939, they fled their home in Jaworzno, Poland, moving from town to ghetto and witnessing terrible violence. Her older brother was taken to Blechhammer Labor Camp. Bronia was deported to Auschwitz at age 12 with her three sisters, where she was imprisoned for 18 months. She alone survived, escaping the gas chambers, typhus and a death march.
Formerly a public school teacher, after Brandman retired she began to speak openly — for the first time — about her Holocaust experiences. Among her mementos of those horrors, she has paperwork from Auschwitz showing her name and the number tattooed on her arm.
Wagner College Hillel Co-Presidents Melanie Krongold and Rachel Kaufman, Chai Society Board Member Stephen Greenwald, history professor Lori Weintrob and Interim Provost Jeffrey Kraus will speak briefly before the event. Local holocaust survivors will be invited to light a candle.
"Since this year is the 75th Anniversary of the outbreak of World War II, this may be one of the last opportunities for students to hear from an eyewitness to the Nazi persecution of the Jews of Europe," said Professor Weintrob, who has taught Holocaust courses for 20 years at the college. "Bronia Brandman was only 12 years old when she was deported to Auschwitz. Her talk offers oral and visual testimony to the horrors that Nazi anti-Semitism brought, which destroyed her Polish Jewish community."


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White Castle Cheeseburgers at Doc's Water Ice in Vineland, NJ
We recently received an email from Ron Crowell, better known on AHT as Big Woolly Mammoth, about coming across a new purveyor of White Castle burgers on his way to work in southern New Jersey. What's so special about it? It's not a freestanding White Castle, but a shop that sells water ice and hot dogs. ...Hm. He checked out the goods to report back to the AHT community.
Doc's Water Ice
Vineland, NJ
Cooking Method: Microwaved
Want Fries with That? No fries available
Price: Two burgers, $1.99
I travel four miles to and from work twice a day. It's a one road drive and pretty much straight as an arrow. So from the monotony of it all, I tend to zone out to my music while driving and keep my eyes on the cars around me instead of looking at the same signage I have been looking at for the past 14 years.
However, the other day on my way into work I was snapped out of my road coma and noticed a sign by a car wash near my job that wasn't their before. Just to give you a back story, this car wash also conveniently sells water ice and Sabrett hot dogs out of a little space that used to be the Automatic Drive-Through section of the business. They have some picnic tables out front and some umbrellas for the sun. I never gave stopping there that much thought even though I love Sabrett; after all, it's a car wash. Car washes aren't known for their food as far as I know.
This new sign grabbed my eye and forced me to read it. "White Castle Hamburgers sold here!" is what it said. Being the burger lover that I am, I made a mental note to stop and see what that was all about.
On my way to lunch later that day I pulled in to investigate and noticed some actual White Castle signage was hung from the building. A window decal and a vinyl banner proudly flying the WC colors.
I made my way to the window and a server stepped up and asked me what I would like. "You sell White Castle burgers?" I asked. "Yes we do; we sell them in pairs for $1.99," she replied. My next question was the big one: "Are they cooked on a griddle or are they microwaved?" She started to look at me funnily—could have been the camera in my hand or the glazed look in my eye, I'm not sure which.
"They are microwaved sir. We don't have a grill back here yet."
I asked her if that was in the plans and she told me that they are "testing the market to see if it would be viable to bring a White Castle franchise down South Jersey way." I was a bit taken aback. I know White Castle isn't gourmet, but it's a nice little grease-bomb treat for the stomach and the taste buds. While I'm sure White Castle has their meat shipped to them frozen, at least you get the benefit of the workers preparing them on the griddle and cooking in the onions, and see the wonderful ambiance associated with a trip to White Castle.
So, from what I gathered, they are buying boxes of White Castle burgers (probably from the local BJ's) and microwaving them up and reselling them for $1.99 per pair. I think we all know how horrible the microwave is for any type of bread. My expectations weren't high, but I wanted to take one for the team so to speak.
After about three minutes she handed me a little paper basked with two burgers in it. A simple easy transaction, no fuss, no mess. However, I couldn't help feeling like I was involved in something illegal. I wouldn't imagine that White Castle would allow people to test the market with their product unless it was being prepared in strict accordance with White Castle's hamburger preparation policy. And wouldn't a big company like White Castle do their own market testing?
So, on to the burgers. They were standard White Castle burgers as you would expect from the freezer section of your local grocery store, microwaved and steaming hot. She offered me the choice of ketchup and mustard. I elicited even stranger looks from her as I whipped out the trusty camera and snapped off a couple shots of the burgers before I quickly wolfed down the two slyders and said, "No thank you." I didn't expect much and I wasn't disappointed. I thought to myself, "So this is how you bring a White Castle to town?"
If this is what they say it is, I don't know how they're going to generate interest in a franchise coming to town if the product they're serving isn't the way the company is known for doing it. [Update: White Castle doesn't franchise; they're a family-run chain restaurant.] But if this does result in a White castle coming to town, I'll be a happy camper. (At least on drinking nights.) And I guess I'm going to have to rethink my understanding of what a car wash is capable of being to the public.
Until the next burger, —BigWoollyMammoth
Want to write about a burger on AHT? Here's how you can submit a review!
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ORNL Review Archive
Science in Sync
- Editorial: Transformational potential
- Features: Multi-faceted forecasting ... 3D printing rises to the occasion ... Tag-team R&D ... Hunting for hydrogen ... Diversify, replace, recycle ... Potent partnerships ... Better biofuels
- A Closer View: Ben Preston
- Research Horizons: ORNL research reveals new challenges for mercury cleanup ... ORNL finding goes beyond surface of oxide films ... New algorithm enables unprecedented sampling, modeling of Arctic
Disruptive Materials
- Editorial: Driving innovation in the 21st Century
- Features: Disruptive materials ... Nanotech toolbox ... Materials for measuring the universe ... Growing graphene ... Heavy-metal fishing ... Rethinking nuclear fuel design ... Blood, sweat and serendipity ... Something new under the sun
- A Close View: Kinga Unocic
- Research Horizons: 'Zoomable' map of poplar proteins offers new view of bioenergy crop ... ORNL scientists solve mercury mystery ... Mobility and risk
The Next Generation of Biofuels
- Editorial: A Legacy Continues
- Features: It Might Just Happen ... Two Steps Forward ... Sugar-Coated ... Finding a Path ... A Predictable Change ... But Are They Compatible? ... A Sustained Effort ... Something Special
- A Closer View: Martin Keller
- Research Horizons: ORNL Researchers Win Nine R&D 100 Awards
- Awards: And the Winners Are. . .
Delivering Even More Science
- Editorial: A Higher Expectation
- Features: Delivering the Science ... Spallation Neutron Source User Program ... The Next Small Thing ... Magic Secrets ... A Helping Hand
- A Closer View: Tom Ballard
- Research Horizons: Z-contrast microscope first to resolve, identify individual light atoms ... Measurement and the "circle" of research
- Research Horizons: And the Winners Are. . .
Delivering the Science
- Editorial: Taking Down the Fence
- Features: Delivering the Science ... High Temperature, High Stakes ... One of a Kind ... Nuclear Needs ... Fast Times at ORNL ... A State of Flux ... Standing in Line
- A Closer View: Herb Debban
- Research Horizons: Up-to-Date Research
- Awards: And the Winners Are. . .
Scientific Myths
- Editorial: Challenging scientific myths
- Features: Ethanol forces a choice between food and fuel ... Alzheimer's is an incurable disease ... ORNL glows in the dark ... Enormous supercomputers are making research impractical ... Recycling spent nuclear fuel increases the risk of weapons proliferation ... Only an engineer can operate a zero-energy house ... Lighter cars are less safe than heavier vehicles ... Wireless technologies are inherently unreliable
- A Closer View: Jeff Smith
- Research Horizons: Still the Leader
- Awards: And the Winner Is ...
Extreme Science
- Editorial: Extreme Science
- Features: Miraculous Coatings … Under Extreme Pressure … Extremely Strong … Extremely Waterproof … Molecules in Jail … Defying Traditional Behavior … Where It All Began … The Universe Is Us … Predictions at the Extreme
- A Closer View: Michelle Buchanan
- Research Horizons: Feeling the Heat ... The Next Small Thing
- Awards: And the Winner Is ...
Pursuing Energy Options
- Editorial: The South's Energy Laboratory
- Features: Southern Solution … The Missing Piece … A Different Path … Facing the Right Direction … Giving Back … Southern Teamwork … Reducing the Appetite … The Ultimate Solution
- A Closer View: Dana Christensen
- Research Horizons: Extending the Half-Life … A Renewed Interest … Mouse-Like … Modeling Metal Fuels …
- Awards: And the Winners Are...
Transportation Research
- Editorial: Putting East Tennessee on the Transportation Research Map
- NTRC: Accelerating the Transportation Revolution
- Toward a Cleaner Diesel Vehicle
- An Emissions Mission: Solving the Sulfur Problem
- New User Facility Has Old (But Excellent) Instruments
- Truck Brake Tester Could Boost Highway Safety
- Better Ways to Weigh Trucks
- Carbon-Fiber Composites for Cars
- Supercomputers Help Model Cars in Collisions
- Power Electronics: Energy Manager for Hybrid Electric Vehicles
- Is There a 'Green' Car in Your Future?
- Biological Ways of Producing Ethanol
- Aviation Research Takes Off at ORNL
- Packaging and Transporting Hazardous Materials
- Transportation Planners Aided by GIS Research
- Defense Transportation and Logistics Research
- Software Tools Will Help Emergency Responders
- E-Commerce's Impacts on Transportation
- Learning Smart Ways to Use Intelligent Transportation Systems
- UT Goal: Safer Trips
- Mass Spectrometer Can Detect Weapons of Mass Destruction
- ORNL's Graphite Foam May Aid Transportation
- Microfocusing Mirrors May Advance Materials Science
Carbon Management
- Editorial: ORNL Could Be DOE Leader in Carbon Management
- Managing Carbon: ORNL's Research Roles
- Producing and Detecting Hydrogen
- New Hydrogen-Producing Reaction Could Lead to Micropower Sources
- Fuel Cells: Clean Power Source for Homes and Cars?
- Capturing Carbon the ORNL Way
- Boosting Bioenergy and Carbon Storage in Green Plants
- Land Use and Climate Change
- Plunging into Carbon Sequestration Research
- Methane Hydrates: A Carbon Management Challenge
- Adapting to Climate Change
- High-Carbon Tree Growth Rate Falls
- Reshaping the Bottle for Fusion Energy
- Building a Transistor That Doesn't Forget
- New Type of Radioactivity Discovered at ORNL
- Forecasting Epileptic Seizures
- Lynne Parker's Cooperative Robots
- Mercury Beyond Oak Ridge
- A Disrupted Organic Film: Could Memories Be Made of This?
- ORNL's Powerful Tools for Scientific Discovery
- Breaking a Record for Analysis of Atoms


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Our site has recored significantly drop in visitors from China from Google Analytics recently. Do you have the same observation?
China pretty much blocked Google wholesale during a Communist Party congress. There are reports things are back to normal now.
I haven't seen a comprehensive list of what services were blocked(many stories only mention a few by name, so it's unclear if it was really everything or what), but if what you see started around the 8th, then that's probably what happened.
Yes the Chinese government has blocked access to Google.com, Gmail, Google Maps, Google Docs, Google Analytics, Google Drive, and many other Google services as the Communist Party of China holds the 18th Party Congress, which started Thursday morning.
Google has confirmed the block with The Next Web, and a Google spokesperson offered the following statement: "We've checked and there's nothing wrong on our end."
On November 10th: Service has been "restored."
Yes, Google Analytics is blocked.
The only working Google thing in China seems to be translate.google.cn


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- This topic has 8 replies, 2 voices, and was last updated 11 years, 5 months ago by thewax.
December 23, 2008 at 9:21 pm #10649
Questions are excerpted from Deborah Goldberg AP Biology:
"Questions 5-11
In a lab experiment, one enzyme is combined with its substrate at time 0. The product is measured in micrograms at 20-second intervals and recorded on the data table below.
Time(s) 0 (space) 20 (space) 40 (space) 60 (space) 80 (space)100 (space) 120
Product 0.0 (space)0.25 (space) 0.50 (space) 0.70 (space) 0.80 (space)0.85 (space) 0.85
7. Why is there no increase in product after 100 seconds?
8. What would happen if you added only more enzyme after 100 seconds?
9. What would happen if you added only more substrate after 100 seconds?"
I know that this might seem like a homework question, when in fact this is NOT a homework question – I am trying to study for a big test.
Please formulate your answers to questions 7-9.
I will leave a bunch of space here so that your answers will not be influenced by the actual answers that I will type out below.
"7. There is no increase in product after 100 seconds because all the enzymes are saturated and are already catalyzing reactions as fast as they can.
8. Assuming there is excess substrate that enzyme is not colliding with, an addition of enzyme after 100 seconds would increase the rate of reaction until the enzyme, once again, became saturated.
9. If you add more substrate after 100 seconds, there would be no change because the enzyme is saturated and reacting with as much substrate as it can. The enzyme cannot handle any more substrate. If you added both substrate and enzyme after 100 seconds, the reaction rate would increase temporarily until the enzyme became saturated once again."
The work I did for this problem (as I did spend much time on this set of questions) is shown below.
I reasoned as follows: – Well the product is what was made, right? So if you look at times 100 and 120, you can clearly see that there was no increase in product (as question 7 pointed out). But that would mean that from 100 to 120, nothing was made, right (because once again the product is what you end up with, or, in other words, what you make)?????????? So it follows that (and this was my answer to question 7) there was no increase in product because, well, the reaction had finished, right????? So if you added more enzymes (question eight), no reaction would occur and you would still have the same amount of product (which was the substrate). It would also follow, then (question 9), that if you added only more substrate after 100 seconds, then the reaction would resume (as the one enzyme you had in the beginning would work again) and there would be more and more product until that reaction, too, was finished and then the product would remain the same.
Now, having explained my reasoning, can someone please explain to me why my reasoning was faulty???????????????? I'm not sure about this, but I have a hunch – I think that my reasoning fell apart, as after this step, my reasoning from there looks pretty good – I think that I assumed the wrong definition of product. So, if I was indeed wrong in my definition of product in this context, could someone please give me the correct definition of product in this case?
December 23, 2008 at 9:26 pm #88030
I had to put the word space in between the numbers because the reply mechanism messed up my formatting. 🙁
December 24, 2008 at 2:56 am #88037
There are two possibilities:
1) if there was only 0.85 micrograms of total substrate present, the reaction could just stop after consuming all of the substrate there was. If the reaction is not easily reversed (which can happen) then nothing happens until you add more substrate, and then the reaction can run for awhile again, accumulating more product.
2) you are in steady state; the number of molecules of product formed is balanced by an equal number of products being consumed by the reverse reaction, regenerating substrate. Under steady-state conditions, if you add more substrate, you will transiently increase the rate of product formation until you re-establish a new steady state.
Steady state is not the same thing as saturation. You are correctly describing what saturation is, but the experimental condition may not be at saturation yet. The steady state assumption only requires that Rate(forward) = Rate(reverse) and that will be determined by the ratio of the microscopic rate constants and the equilibrium product/substrate concentrations.
December 24, 2008 at 5:10 am #88040
Thanks a lot, blcr11 !!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 🙂
So just to clarify: So are you saying that there are two possible interpretations, but based on the answers to the questions, you deduced that only one interpretation worked? If so, selection (2) was correct, right (because 1 would not work because as the solution to question #7 states: the enzymes are still working) ?
If so, I have one question: then why does the solution to question 7 include the word catalyzing – I mean, wouldn't that imply that the enzymes are only breaking up the substrate???????????
December 24, 2008 at 2:43 pm #88045
My best guess is that the reaction is in steady state, but I don't know that for a fact.
Your typical enzyme reaction is reversible. When you first mix substrate with enzyme there is no product around. The rate of product formation is proportional to the product of the initial enzyme and substrate concentrations. The enzyme concentration remains fixed since the enzyme is a catalyst and is not consumed in any way by the reaction. But as the substrate is consumed and product is made, the enzyme can now start to catalyze the reverse reaction, regenerating substrate from product, or, if you prefer, the product is consumed by the reverse reaction. At steady state, the rate of product formation is balanced by the rate of product consumption, so there is no longer any net change in product (or substrate) concentration. It is at an equilibrium point determined by the ratio of the microscopic rate constants and the amounts of enzyme and substrate/product in the system. When you add more substrate (provided you are not at saturation) you will temporarily drive the forward reaction a bit (by good old Le Chatelier's principle), generating more product. Fairly quickly, though, the rate of forward and reverse reactions will equilibrate again at some new ratio of substrate to product concentrations—a new steady state condition ensues. The effect of adding enzyme to a system at steady state is less certain. Most likely the same thing will happen as does when you add more substrate, but it really depends on the ratio of the microscopic rate constants; it is possible for additional enzyme to give a slight boost to either the forward or the reverse reaction, or if the equilibrium constant is 1, it may have little effect at all.
An enzyme is a catalyst. To say that the enzyme is still "catalyzing" is just to say that the enzyme is still active. At steady state, the enzyme is "catalyzing" the production and consumption of both substrate and product. To say that the enzyme is saturated is to say that there are more substrate molecules around than there are catalytic sites for them to bind to. At or above saturation levels of substrate, the reaction is no longer sensitive to further increases in substrate concentrations. This is not the same thing as steady-state. Above saturation, there is net product formation until enough substrate is consumed and the system is no longer saturated.
December 24, 2008 at 7:23 pm #88047
Thanks a lot, blcr11 !!!!!!!!! 🙂
I just need to clarify up some points:
1) For the "catalyzing" part, I was thinking more about catabolism (as opposed to anabolism) and totally forgot about catalysts.
2) The problem starts out with the assumption of one enzyme – "In a lab experiment, one enzyme is combined…" so it would not be possible for the forward and backward reactions to cancel out, as there is only one enzyme (doing the reactions). I am wondering, however, if it might be possible that the backward reaction will generate the product (as the product is now the substrate as the enzyme breaks it down)? But, wait, it's not possible because problem started out with the product as 0.0, so it took the substrate to be 0.0. So if the enzyme does the reaction two times, you will start out with the original substrate and that will count as 0.0, so you would have to subtract from 0.85. However, it still might be possible because at 120, it might be possible that the enzyme has just finished doing the reaction three times, so that the substrate became the product and then it decomposed to its original, substrate form before being reacted upon again to form the product (and that was the point in time 120, so that product was still 0.85)….
Looking back at the problem, could it have been a typo and instead of product, could they have meant the productivity rate – because the wording of the solution made it sound like productivity level (although they used product here instead of productivity level, making me question whether or not my hypothesis is correct) ????
However, does anyone have any alternative theories or any other possible explanations of this problem?
Any and every insight offered with regards to this problem is greatly appreciated and I thank you in advance.
December 25, 2008 at 11:08 am #88064
"so it would not be possible for the forward and backward reactions to cancel out, as there is only one enzyme (doing the reactions)"
OK, I can't guarantee that's what's going on here, but the same enzyme can and often does catalyze the forward and the reverse reactions. It is certainly possible for the forward and reverse reactions to "cancel out." That's the meaning of "reversible" and enzyme reactions are "reversible."
I can't tell from your description what the units are for the product. Total moles of product is possible. So is a concentration. So is a velocity. Read the book again and see what the book says.
December 25, 2008 at 8:42 pm #88075
I didn't say that as clearly as I should have. "Reversible" means that the same enzyme catalyzes both the forward and reverse reactions. "Steady-state" means that the two reactions "cancel out."
December 25, 2008 at 11:40 pm #88083
Thanks!!!!!! 🙂
Looking back, does anyone think that this problem could have been worded better to avoid confusion and ambiguity? If so, could someone reword the question (and post it)??????
- You must be logged in to reply to this topic.


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All of those who took part in recent demonstrations – the women's marches, Black Lives Matter and others aimed at protecting civil liberties, immigrants, the vulnerable and the less advantaged – we are not a minority.
But demonstrations aren't enough. This country is ruled by ballots. Protests matter when ballots threaten. Nonvoters are routinely discounted. So the next step is to organize to vote.
That's where demonstrations become a major opportunity. Those who marched can be helped to register or they can help others register and vote.
Marchers need to be asked: whether they are registered to vote; whether they are registered at their current address; whether they are registered to vote in the primaries; whether they have been getting to the polls and voting; and whether they know others, in this or any other state, who need help or encouragement to register and vote. Would you get registration forms for others?
Demonstrations can lead to votes in other ways.
Demonstrate at the Board of Elections to make a difference by showing we want to vote, we're signing up to vote, we're ready to vote. Let's show up where it matters.
Demonstrate outside the 100 foot or other state defined zone where electioneering is prohibited, showing and sharing the fact and the joy that we voted, and you voted, and we performed our civic duty for each other and we did it together and we're celebrating – those are demonstrations that can make a difference.
What's crucial about the demonstrations we all took part in doesn't end with the message. That's the beginning; that's what got us fired up and brought us together; that's what made clear our commitment and our shared sense that acting as a people is empowering. But what matters is converting that commitment – the joy, the fire in our hearts and the messages we marched for – into votes.
Democracy depends on what happens at the voting machines. It's run by votes and the threat of votes. Even campaign contributions are ultimately about votes. Voices are most powerful when they lead to votes. If we vote, we count. If we stay home in disdain because we're not satisfied, we're politically irrelevant. Vote. Count. Take back our democracy – for us, for all of us, for the people. Don't let the moneychangers and the slick talkers take the forms of democracy for their own benefit. We vote; we count; and we celebrate.
Why look at that now? Because the organization that makes voting happen, the organization that makes the voices of the people matter at the polls and on the ballots, all that organization starts way in advance. Because every state has its deadlines. And back before the deadlines, organization is not instantaneous. Let's create our political snowball. Let's terrify the politicians with our strength so that they'll actually have to behave democratically, according to the rules, principles and methods of democratic government.
Wouldn't that be refreshing!
— This commentary was broadcast on WAMC Northeast Report, May 2, 2017.


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Mark's Bar
Time Out says
The basement of Hix Soho remains one of Soho's most popular cocktail haunts, and that's only partly because of its highly unusual drinks based on true-Brit recipes from years (and centuries) gone by. It's a subterranean haven, and a great place to have serious drinks alongside delicious bar snacks (substantial enough to make a light meal even if you don't follow them with dinner upstairs). Cocktails are king here, but the gin and scotch lists both repay ample exploration. Be warned that it can be hard to find space here, and it doesn't take bookings. But it's worth it.
|Cross street:
|66-70 Brewer Street
|Tube: Piccadilly Circus tube
|Prices vary
|Opening hours:
|Mon-Sat 11am-1am, Sun 11.30am-12am
|Do you own this business?
Users say (21)
Average User Rating
2.9 / 5
Rating Breakdown
- 5 star:5
- 4 star:5
- 3 star:1
- 2 star:1
- 1 star:8
Excellent drinks, great food, fun atmosphere, staff were really sweet, went the extra mile. Was surprised after reading the reviews below.
Love this place. An oasis of cocktail genius in beer swilling Soho. The guys at the bar always remember me, and know I'm up for one of their latest concoctions. They are artists, and are warm and inviting.
Rude staff. Lithunian waitress insulted one of our group calling them a donkey! Drinks overpriced. Don't go here!!
It's really unfair that some people who haven't even been before wrote 1-star reviews based on other reviews! I've been and had a very nice time. Staff were polite, drinks were good, spot was cosy. Would definitely recommend, especially considering it can be hard to find a decent place near Piccadilly.
I've been to Mark's bar a few times now and it's a great find! It's a little hidden gem in the basement of Hix with a great atmosphere and relaxing vibe. I've have always found the staff to be polite and friendly. My friends and I all met here for cocktails on a Sunday, there were probably about 15 of us and the staff were very welcoming and accommodating. A special thanks to Lucy for looking after us!
Poor Service and rude staff!
I was in london for work and it so happened that I was alone on a saturday evening. I decided to check out Hix , Mark's bar for some drinks before dinner. I was shocked when the manager asked me to leave and said there is a huge queue! The line had two couples before me so I know that wasnt true. I have been to many nice places in london before and never been asked to leave and not being allowed to even wait in the queue to get in. When i read the reviews below i know which place i should avoid for sure!!
Great place with brilliant cocktails and great staff....up to a point - the maître d'/bar manager can be incredibly rude and dismissive. If it wasn't for him it would be a 5 star place.
if you appreciate attention to detail when your drinks are being made, this is the place for you.
Awful customer service!!!
AVOID - appalling customer service. Seven of us we were there for 30 minutes when a very rude lady came over to us and demanded that we either split up the group up or leave as she didn't want a large group in the bar. I have never been asked to leave a bar before
I have experienced similar rudeness from the staff here on two occasions. The first time was with a friend and we were left speechless by the abrupt rudeness when we were asked to 'drink up' in order to make way for others. That kind of thing ruins your evening I'm afraid but I decided to put it down to being a one off. The second time I was enjoying an evening meal with a good friend and we were certainly happy to drop a fair amount of cash on several courses and drinks. It amazed me that when we were still eating and drinking that we were approached and told that we would need to 'hurry along' for the next sitting!! After we had finished eating and were enjoying the remainder of the bottle of wine we had ordered with dinnner we were made to stand at the bar where we were clearly in the way of the other staff. Lesson learned I'm afraid - I wouldn't recommend this place - the food is reasonably good but London has much better to offer elsewhere.
AVOID! I have never been spoken to so rudely in a bar before. We were sitting on a table on a fairly quiet evening, we had just received our 3rd round when a member of staff marched over and told us that obviously we were not aware but they had a group policy of only 6 people (there were 7 of us). She even more rudely suggested she could tell us where else we could drink in the area - which was her way of telling us to leave immediately. With all due respect - if this was a policy the waitress obviously wasn't aware of it - she should not have served us another round. We had just received our drinks so had to quickly drink up. Possibly the worst part was her telling us where else we could go - we know the area probably better than she does, she was incredibly patronising. She was also very angry at us which I don't understand as we were quiet and had caused no trouble. I don't expect to be spoken to in this way especially after having spent a considerable amount of money. Drinks are totally overpriced and service is beyond poor.
What started as a nice evening in Mark's Bar was sullied by a matradee that was not only one of the RUDEST people I have ever encountered working in a bar or restaurant, but anywhere full stop. Having sat in a quite corner, my group of 5 swelled to 7 following the arrival of my brother and a friend who just stopping by on her way to dinner elsewhere. Before they had a chance to order from the friendly waitress, the matradee approached us an stated word for word "you people may not be aware of our policy, but we do not allow large groups in here and I suggest you leave". We had been in the bar for about 90mins and had spent approximately £100. We were not made aware of their "group" policy and the waitress who was happy to keep serving us did not know of it either. Rather than argue the point we finished our drinks and asked for the bill, at which stage we had to argue (quite stongly) on why we shouldn't pay the service charge. Rude staff, overpriced drinks and more rude staff. AVOID, AVOID, AVOID ! !
Had a fabulous, impromptu, late evening in here. Busy Friday night, but staff went out of their way for us, having dined at Hix beforehand. Such a lovely atmos and great, classy service ......
Browsing for cocktail bars in London, after reading the reviews on this one I will be avoiding it.


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Yahoo gave its former chief operating officer Henrique De Castro $96 million for a 15-month stint at the tech company, according to reports.
Chief executive officer Marissa Mayer fired De Castro in January, and his pay and severance was released in a proxy filing Wednesday, the Re/Code reported. De Castro made $58 million in severance based on Yahoo's stock price, according to the New York Times. From the Times:
De Castro, a former Google executive, was also awarded $11 million in salary and stock-based compensation in 2013 and $39 million in 2012, according to the proxy, although he lost a large chunk of it because the stock wasn't fully vested when he left.
U.S. & World
News from around the country and around the globe
This means that De Castro made more than Mayer's own $62 million salary for both 2012 and 2013.


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EVERETT, WA -- More than 500 people celebrated as the Mukilteo Family YMCA, a branch of the YMCA of Snohomish County in Mukilteo, WA, broke ground July 11 on its 14,000-square-foot expansion.
"The Mukilteo Family YMCA has continued to be a hub for people of all ages in our community," says Jeff Dunleavy, Mukilteo YMCA executive director. "The need for this expansion is a tribute to the vision, purpose and future of our YMCA."
The expansion will provide essential space to serve more teens, families, children, adults and community activities, according to a release from the Y. It will include an expanded teen center/study room/senior center, a new family/community room, increased multipurpose space, a new cardio and youth exercise room, and increased childcare space.
The facility has about 14,000 members. The expansion will allow the facility to increase that number to 18,000 members. The expansion's completion is scheduled for late 2007.
"We are excited about the official groundbreaking as it brings us one step closer to serving more people in our community," says Paulette Hunter, chair of the Mukilteo YMCA board of directors. "We raised nearly $8 million during the capital campaign. That alone shows the dedication our community has towards our YMCA."
The Mukilteo Family YMCA was chartered in 1993 and opened its 42,000-square-foot facility in 2000. In 2004, it added a 20,000-square-foot skate park to serve more teens.


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Britney Spears and her entire "Circus" tour touched down in Australia Thursday morning.
"Longest flight ever but we had a great time," Britney Tweeted early Thursday. "Really cool plane and the V staff took great care of us. So excited to be here!"
VIEW THE PHOTOS: Pop Princess Britney Spears
According to People, the pop star was then whisked away on another flight across Australia to Perth, where she will begin her first of 15 concerts on Friday. Tickets are going for up to $1,360 for her shows.
The Aussie crew for her "Circus" tour reportedly consists of 225 crewmembers, 45 band members and dancers, and 15 circus performers – plus 150 local workers that are hired in each city that the show plays.
VIEW THE PHOTOS: See Hot Shots Of Britney's 'Circus' Tour Opening Night
Before leaving for Australia, Brit caused a small controversy when she was photographed at LAX airport drinking a Big Gulp while walking past the airport security checkpoint – something most travelers are never permitted to do.
Related Content from AccessHollywood.com:
VIEW THE PHOTOS: Britney: The Early Years
PLAY IT NOW: Fans Go Wild For Britney Spears As She Leaves 'The Little Mermaid' On Broadway (August 23, 2009)
PLAY IT NOW: Britney Spears' Live 'Circus' Concert Tour Performance
MORE ACCESS ON THESE TOPICS: Twitter - Britney Spears - Pop - Music - Tours


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As Weekend Herald columnist John Roughan says, New Zealanders are ready for their leaders to come up with a big idea. Or several. Over the Christmas break, many Kiwis enjoyed the best of our country - the joys of friends and family, the pleasure of beaches, rivers and open spaces, the sense of living in a small, intimate land where everything is still possible. Time to count our blessings, and plan for a bright future.
According to Roughan, our blessings are "rainfall, grass, blue skies, remote beauty and fresh air". He suggests New Zealand should set the international gold standard for producing wholesome and reliable food. This must be based on high environmental standards - the 100 per cent Pure New Zealand brand.
As the Pure Advantage group of business leaders have pointed out, most of our wealth is based on the land and sea, through tourism as well as food production. In an increasingly polluted and crowded world, our food, wine and tourism should be at the premium end of global markets. But for this to happen, the 100 per cent Pure NZ brand has to be real.
Around the world, consumers are demanding that food, wine and timber are sustainably produced. Here, NZ's clean, green image is of inestimable value, along with our reputation for straight dealing.
But at home, domestic policies that head in the opposite direction put both at imminent risk. The Resource Management Act, for example, is being reviewed to weaken rather than strengthen environmental standards. The Department of Conservation is being eviscerated. The global Forestry Stewardship Council standards for sustainable production of timber are being flouted, with officials turning a blind eye. The Land and Water Forum, which aimed to agree on higher water-quality standards, has been hijacked.
No wonder the integrity of our "clean, green" reputation is being assailed by news forums around the world. Expect much more of this in future. The uproar over traces of DCD in New Zealand milk indicates that our word on environmental matters is no longer trusted, and that the economic costs are very high. Roughan, the Pure Advantage group, Rod Oram and many other commentators are right. The only way to safeguard our reputation as a premium producer is to do as we say, and uphold high standards. It is not just cynical, but economically stupid to keep on destroying NZ's biodiversity and degrading waterways, soils and harbours in the pursuit of short-term profit. Given the gravity of the risks to our prosperity, tinkering around the edges will not do.
Industry, national and regional government and ordinary Kiwis need to link arms, get behind our 100 per cent Pure New Zealand brand and make it real. This is where we need some big ideas.
At the recent Transit of Venus Forum, hosted by the Royal Society of New Zealand, two such ideas emerged for serious discussion. One is Pest-Free New Zealand, inspired by Sir Paul Callaghan, which aims to tackle catastrophic falls in biodiversity. As he noted, of 179 countries in a recent study, NZ has the highest proportion of species at risk of extinction, and our forests are falling silent.
The other is Te Awaroa, which aims to restore NZ's streams and rivers by planting bush buffers along the banks. By "mucking in", we can work with scientists to create wildlife corridors instead of weed corridors, reduce erosion and run-off, and the harm caused by waterborne diseases. Both projects are ambitious enough to attract international attention, upholding the 100 per cent Pure New Zealand brand. Now the Christmas break is over, it's time to roll up our sleeves and get cracking. Let's take these big ideas to heart, and look after our beautiful land.
Dame Anne Salmond is a distinguished professor of Maori studies and anthropology, University of Auckland.
Dialogue Contributions are welcome and should be 600-800 words. Send your submission to email@example.com. Text may be edited and used in digital formats as well as on paper.


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2020 Acura RDX w/A-Spec Pkg
Platinum Stock # LL016033, 5J8TC1H66LL016033, 2.0L 16-Valve DOHC VTEC Turbo Engine engine, , 27, PLATINUM exterior
Final Price
Finance From
$ 810 /mo*Customize payment
Our Price
At a Glance
2.0L 16-Valve DOHC VTEC Turbo Engine
22/27 City/Hwy MPG
Front Wheel Drive
- Condition: New
- Model: RDX
- Trim: w/A-Spec Pkg
- Body style: SUV
- Exterior: PLATINUM
- Interior: NH-883PV/RED
- Doors: 4
- Stock: LL016033
- Model number: TC1H6LKNW
- Engine: 2.0L 16-Valve DOHC VTEC Turbo Engine
- Fuel: Gas
- Drivetrain: Front Wheel Drive
22 City
27 Hwy
Actual mileage will vary with options, driving conditions, driving habits, and vehicle condition
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2020 Land Rover Range Rover Evoque S VIN: SALZJ2FX6LH059833, #H059833, 20/27 MPG Price $47,975 $866/mo
2020 Land Rover Range Rover Evoque S VIN: SALZJ2FX6LH050839, #H050839, 20/27 MPG Price $44,794 $806/mo
Customers Reviews
P H.4 years agoBought our LR-4 Metropolis Edition last February. Awesome experience & an awesome team. Parker L. took great care of our needs. The LR-4 is the ultimate family machine! My wife loves the visibility from the driver seat, & the cabin space to load up the whole fam. Land Rover San Juan definitely represents the south Texas luxury experience. Thank you LRSJ!
Ron H.5 years agoExcellent experience. This is our second RR from Land Rover San Juan. I bought my wife a full size HSE and she loves it (white with black trim and blacked our wheels). The deal went really easy and quick. Paperwork took less than 20 minutes and we were finished. The delivered the RR to our second home in California and picked up our trade. Highly recommended....
Lindsey M.5 years agoAbsolutely the best customer experience possible with this MB dealership. I live in San Antonio and they are 4 hours away - yet I have never had a more pleasant, simple, fun and helpful buying experience with a vehicle. From initial inquiry to filling out the paperwork on my kitchen counter, it was above 5 star! George Elizondo and his team, with Paul the awesome delivery driver who brought my vehicle to my driveway - were amazing, responsive, kind, and addressed every need (and more). I'd recommend them to everyone!! Thanks again MB SJ.
Mando B.5 years agoThis was a great experience! I walked in just to look and walked out with a new 2015 Jaguar. Humberto was a great help and salesperson. Customer service was excellent and when my car needed a software update they drove out to Brownsville with a loaner and picked my car up. Thank you Humberto.
Mike M.5 years agoMercedes of San Juan is second to none, top notch dedication to customer service on all levels. Our sales experience was amazing and unmatched by the dozens of other vehicles I've acquired over the years. From the owners all the way down to the porters, our overall experiences with this dealer has been incredible. They even delivered our vehicle to our driveway 300 miles away from the dealer in a state-of-the-art trailer! My wife and I will only buy future vehicles from this ownership as they own multiple brands.
Mike P.5 years agoI have to say the entire team here is the best. Customer service here is not just lip service they deliver. From Mr. Barrera my sales man to Annabel in service and all the wonderful staff that never fail to make you feel you are important. They get it great customer service is the key to repeat and referred customers. This is a true 5 star business.
Jay R.5 years agoI was very reluctant to bring in my 2008 c350 as I often hear that mechanics can often do service b for a lot less than the price at the Mercedes dealership. Keeping the integrity and resale value of my vehicle in mind, I decided to bring it in. I was very impressed with the staff at Mercedes San Juan. To begin with, they are very attentive and make sure you feel welcome from the second you arrive. I also was provided with a complementary glk 350 for the day while they worked on my car which was convenient as I didn't have to make arrangements for transportation. Finally, I was surprised when they drive up with my freshly washed and vacuumed car. The staff providing services above and beyond my expectations coupled with the security of having had service done at the dealership made the decision a good one overall.
Courtney R.5 years agoAfter buying your vehicle, what's important is the service you receive after. Mercedes Benz-San Juan has a superb service department. From Aaron, who usually greets you when you arrive; to Beto or Juan Carlos who make sure your vehicle is taken care of; to Melissa who arranges your loaner, you can rest assured that your vehicle will be in good hands. Priscilla Ramos also helps make sure your visit to the service department is a smooth one. They are a great team. When looking to purchase your vehicle, many sales professionals are ready to help you, but my go-to person is Joe Franco. Also, the finance director, Art Figueroa, is very professional, and he is very good at what he does. Mercedes Benz of San Juan is the only place from which I would buy a vehicle in the Rio Grande Valley.
Nick S.7 years agoVery, very good service. Sprinter line up present. Parts and fluids that meet mb specs are better than most places but sill overpriced than buying online Mercedes parts.
IrisSanchez984 years agoAttentive to your personal requests as well as your vehicle's needs to keep you safe & your vehicle in top performance is what I find when I take my vehicle to MB of San Juan with JUAN C HDZ!
ernie m4 years agoFrom the moment you arrive service is the finest.the service adviser juan hernandez was friendly and very curtious.live in houston but look forward to my next service if down south.
Jerry19674 years agoThe staff is always amazing and friendly.we love coming service is awesome. Thank You.Look forward to seeing you next time our GLK 350 needs service.
Michael C.4 years agoExceptional people, extraordinary personal service, and a terrific value! I cannot recommend this group highly enough… They are truly the best that I have dealt with, and I have owned Mercedes automobiles for 30+ years.
Roslyn19714 years agoI was really satisfied with work; prompt attention and deliver on time, Mr Santos was helpful and give me update on what's going on with my car.
Frjim494 years agoI recently took my car to mercedes of San Juan and was met by Humberto Maldonado in the service department. I was exceptional well treated and am quite satisfied. I look forward to my next visit
Patricia74 years agoIn a few word , EXCELLENT SERVICE, PROFESSIONAL and SMOOTH purchase. Marco Salas took care of us from point of entry to final sale and he followed up with me to make sure I was happy with my purchase, which I am. Thank you Marco Salas your fabulous.
Angiemina244 years agoAmazing experience at this dealership with out first Mercedes vehicle. The customer service was superb. They are very knowledgeable staff and u couldn't have been any happier with my purchase.
Jzuniga144 years agoI went into mercedes Benz of sanjuan because I was on the market on purchasing a new vehicle. I was amazed by my sales person that helped me, he delivered top of the line customer service, very professional and friendly atmosphere. Never had I gone to a place like Mercedes Benz I was just facinated they took the time to explain everything in detail and showed me every feature on my Cla class. I would definitely buy again from them
Rr4 years agoGreat customer service, as soon as you pull up there is someone out there to help you never had to walk around looking for help. They communicate well via email or text letting you know the status of your service or repair cost if it's not covered by warranty. It's a very welcoming dealership and service center, thank you!


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Almenares Equipment Sales
While catering to the South American Market, Used Trucks and Trailers are our Specialty. Our inventory includes Chevy, Freightliner, Ford, GMC, International, Kenworth, Peterbilt, and others. We also have a large selection of heavy equipment. We stock a variety of truck parts: engines, rear-ends, sleepers, and transmissions.
Today, Almenares' gigantic selection encompasses all makes and models of heavy duty trucks and trailers.
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Lecture Videos with Blogs
Lecture Video: The Korean Red Pine: a companion from cradle to grave
Despite the ecological and landscape importance and the public popularity of conifers, especially in the case of the Korean red pine (Pinus densiflora S & Z) or Sonamu in Korean, not much scientific and cultural information related to this familiar conifer is available. At present, red pine forest occupies 22.7 percent of the total Korean forest are, 1,447,439 square kilometers in extent. It is not merely a conifer that occurs on the mountains. The Korean red pine tree has long been regarded as a vital link between nature and people from the cradle to the grave in the Korean context, and Korean culture is often known as the Pine Tree Culture in comparison with the Oak culture of Europe.
The Korean red pine tree has been a dominant plant species for a long period of time, and has served as the key tree species maintaining ecosystems and landscapes, as well as being an important tree with respect to culture and the local economy. The Korean red pine has provided a wide range of seasonal produce required for the daily life of the common people, including foodstuff, firewood, tools, timber for shelter and coffins, especially when the country was in absolute poverty. The Korean red pine tree had a great impact on people's everyday life. It is also well-known for its popularity in traditional painting as one of the ten longevity symbols, and is also regarded as a symbol of fidelity, loyalty and eternity, along with bamboos.
The pine tree has been in existence in the Korean peninsula since the Cretaceous period of the Mesozoic Era. Data from 1454 to 1931 have been obtained from seven historical documents and used to interpret the history of the Korean red pine. Historical records for conifers mainly contain descriptions of its use for timber, pine boards for royal coffins, diverse by-products, such as pine resin, pine mushrooms, seeds, and medicinal items. In recent years the Korean red pine has encountered a series of ecological challenges, such as cutting, forest fire, insect outbreak, regional development, and climate change.
Woo-seok Kong is a Professor of Biogeography in Kyung Hee University, Seoul. He is author of The Plant Geography of Korea (1993, Kluwer Academic Publisher), and several Korean books such as Conifer Science (2016, Geobook), Climate Change and Ecosystem (2012, Geobook), Biogeography and Ecology of Korean Plants (2007, Geobook), Ecosystem of DPRK (North Korea) (2006, Jipmundang), and Vegetation History of the Korean Peninsula (Acanet, 2003).
Lecture Video: King of the Dragons
Lecturer: David A. Mason
Dragons have always played a key role in Oriental traditions, especially in religious and governmental artworks. They are plentifully employed in Korean royal palaces, Shamanic and Confucian shrines, and Buddhist temples as uplifting and protective spiritual guardians of the heavens. They are found depicted on furniture and on many artifacts, believed to bring good fortune to the owners.
"Dragon" is one of the 12 auspicious figures of the oriental zodiac, as the leader of them all. The word itself is heavily employed in all eastern languages, and appears within an extremely high percentage of place names and other names, in comparison with other words. Looking deeper, in Korea they are presented much less as motifs of heaven-granted authority as in China, but more as symbols of the vital energies of water and its life-sustaining cycles as it moves through transformations – and the depictions have subtle characteristic differences.
Most Korean Buddhist temples have at least a small shrine for Yong-wang the dragon-king, and he also appears in Guardian Assembly Icons and some paintings of the Bodhisattva of Compassion. There are many interesting myths about appearances and behavior of this royal figure within Korean Daoist, Buddhist and folklore traditions. This lecture will explain about dragons and their monarch, and the role they play in eastern spirituality, while showing many colorful photos of the artworks and shrines.
David A. Mason is a Professor of Korean and International Cultural Tourism at Sejong University, Seoul Campus, and a longtime researcher on the religious characteristics of Korea's mountains. A native of the USA, he has been living in South Korea for 33 years now. He has authored and edited ten books on Korean culture and tourism, including Spirit of the Mountains about Korea's traditions of sacred mountains, the English Encyclopedia of Korean Buddhism, and Solitary Sage: The Profound Life, Wisdom and Legacy of Korea's 'Go-un' Choi Chi-won. His popular website on sacred Korean mountains and mountain-spirit traditions can be found at www.san-shin.org
Lecture Video: Remembering Yongsan Garrison: An Urban Memory Archive Project
In 2017, United States Forces Korea (USFK) officially began the process of returning Yongsan Garrison to the Korean government. According to the current master plan, the Base is to be turned into one of the largest urban parks in Asia. In order to make room for trees and meadows, about 90% of the buildings on the Base will be removed. And the remaining buildings will be renovated into museums and recreational facilities. Official records will help military historians write about YSG's role in bringing peace to the region. But that's only half of the story. For US servicemen and their families who served in Korea, YSG provided homes to families, schools for children, and recreational venues for friends and guests.
The social history of the Garrison's occupants is on the verge of being lost forever. Before all the families and friends move out of YSG completely, we need to capture their lives and experiences on the Base. We need to record the stories and memories at the locations where they took place. These can be archived digitally for future generations. This digital database is the foundation for the Yongsan Legacy project: a "virtual monument" of Yongsan Garrison. Yongsan Legacy is an online platform. It will be also a cultural monument; the culture of all those who served in Yongsan Garrison will be appreciated by generations to come. Narratives of YSG will be captured and shared freely from the perspectives of the people who lived on the Base. Largely hidden from public view, its value is yet to be fully understood and explored by local citizens and the rest of Korea. That is what the Yongsan Legacy project wants to discover and share.
Lecture Video: South Korea's "IMF Crisis"
After prolonged rapid growth, often characterized as the Miracle on the Han, South Korea joined the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), sometimes described as a club for middle-income countries, in December 1996. One year later, sharply changing fortunes forced the ROK Government to seek an International Monetary Fund (IMF) bailout, in December 1997. Twenty years after onset of the IMF Crisis, this lecture will summarize precipitating events, crisis effects, and responses by the Government of Korea and the IMF as well as the World Bank. The lecture will go beyond standard explanations to suggest a perhaps-surprising origin for the crisis. At its conclusion, the lecture will offer an assessment of long-term effects from South Korea's IMF crisis.
William P. Mako retired from the World Bank in 2014. During 1998 – 2002, he advised Korea's Financial Supervisory Commission (FSC) on chaebol restructuring; negotiated corporate restructuring conditions for a $2 billion World Bank loan; negotiated and supervised a separate technical assistance loan; participated in IMF program monitoring and Article IV consultation missions; and participated in a joint IMF-World Bank assessment of South Korea's financial sector. Since 2014, he has been teaching economic development at the KDI School of Public Policy & Management, Kyung Hee University, and L'institut des études politiques de Paris (Sciences Po).
Lecture Video: James Scarth Gale, Korean Literature in hanmun, and Allo-metropolitan Missionary Orientalism
In this lecture, I give an overview of my forthcoming book by the same title. Based largely on the James Scarth Gale papers held by the Fisher Rare Book Library (University of Toronto), this project examines and contextualizes James Scarth Gale's forty-year career as a missionary scholar in Korea (1888-1927) and argues that Gale is a foundational but largely forgotten and underappreciated figure in the history of modern Korean Studies, particularly as concerns traditional Korean literary culture and literary history—topics that remain underexplored in English-language scholarship to this day. The Gale Papers force a reevaluation of our image of Gale and his legacy: from that of missionary, lexicographer, historian, and occasional translator of premodern fiction, to dedicated bibliophile, and champion, prolific translator and interpreter of Korean literature and literary culture in Literary Sinitic.
The project approaches Gale's scholarly legacy by focusing on his Korean bibliomania, and is divided into two parts. Part One analyzes Gale's collecting of old Korean books, his study and translation of them in collaboration with his Korean 'pundits', and the relationship of his literary and scholarly work to broader questions of 'Orientalism' in general and missionary orientalism, in particular. One key argument is that for Gale, 'Korean literature' existed almost exclusively in the cosmopolitan code of Literary Sinitic ('Classical Chinese'); modern Korean literature was barely getting off the ground in the 1920s when Gale retired, and he was dismissive of vernacular literary production, both premodern and modern. A second key argument is that Gale strove through all of his activities to demonstrate that Korea was a 'civilized nation' and a 'nation of scholars and books', whose deep historical engagement with Chinese civilization and thought had prepared it for Christianity and its one Great Book. A third key argument is that Gale's literary and bibliophilic project amounted to a major intervention into defining—in a contested and transnational intellectual field in colonial Korea in the 19teens and 1920s—the premodern Korean literary tradition and canon; a full accounting of his book collecting and translation projects sheds new light on the process by which the modern notion of the 'Korean Classics' was constructed. A final question the book poses concerns the relative oblivion into which Gale's work fell: why is he largely forgotten today, even in Korea, and why was the bulk of his work never published?
Ross King earned his BA in Linguistics and Political Science from Yale College and his MA and PhD from Harvard in Linguistics. Currently he serves as Professor of Korean and Head of Department in the Department of Asian Studies at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, Canada. His main research interests are Korean historical linguistics, Korean dialectology (esp. the dialect(s) preserved by the ethnic Korean minority in Russia and the former USSR), the history of Korean linguistics (including the history of Korean linguistic thought in Korea and Korean linguistic and script nationalism), and the history of language, writing and literary culture in the 'Sinographic Cosmopolis' (漢字文化圈).
Lecture Video: Anti-Americanism in Contemporary South Korea
Most South Koreans regard their country as "pro-American," but a strong wave of anti-American sentiment threatened to upend U.S.-Korean relations in the not-so-distant past. From 1999 to 2002, the Korean media engaged in a sustained campaign of harsh criticism against the United States, especially U.S. Forces Korea. There were numerous incidents in which Koreans harassed and even physically attacked innocent Americans, and by late 2002 hundreds of thousands of South Koreans had taken to the streets to protest against the United States.
The mainstream South Korean narrative about that time is that the United States and its
representatives had long acted in ways that were arrogant, insensitive, and disrespectful of the
Korean people, their culture, and their sovereignty. South Koreans believe that their protests were not only righteous and but also effective in forcing the United States to treat them as equals.
The lecturer, at the time a senior official in the American embassy in Seoul charged with responding to the situation, has provided an American perspective on the phenomenon in his book Anti-Americanism in Democratizing South Korea, published by Stanford University's Shorenstein Asia-Pacific Research Center in 2015, and in Korean translation earlier this year by Sancheoreom under the title 반미주의로 보는 한국 현대사.
Based on his book, the lecturer will offer a provocative retrospective and analysis challenging the conventional Korean narrative, including his views of why the protests occurred, the effects they had, and whether a similar situation could occur again. Copies of both the English- and Korean-language versions of the book will be available for purchase at the event.
David Straub is currently the inaugural Sejong-LS Fellow at The Sejong Institute, an independent and nonpartisan Korean private policy think tank. Straub was a career American diplomat from 1976 to 2006, including eight years at the American embassy in Seoul and service as the head of the office of Korean affairs at State Department headquarters in Washington, DC. From 2008 to 2016, he was affiliated with Stanford University's Shorenstein Asia-Pacific Research Center.
Lecture: Re-visiting the 1937 deportation of ethnic Koreans to Central Asia
Lecturer: Victoria Kim
Additional information can be found on Lost and Found in Uzbekistan and in a recent article published in the Diplomat. Victoria can also be reached by email at vkimsky(at)gmail.com
2017 marks the 80th anniversary of the first deportation of an entire nationality in the Soviet Union. In 1937, approximately 172,000 ethnic Koreans – the entire population of Posyet Korean national district and neighboring territories in the Far Eastern Krai – were forcefully relocated to Central Asia on cargo trains by the Soviet government. 80 years later, their descendants still live in what is now Russia, Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan. Some of them view the deportation as a tragedy whereas others see it quite differently. Victoria Kim, the author of Lost and Found in Uzbekistan: The Korean Story, will discuss the changing narrative of the 1937 deportation and focus on the process of re-definition of the Korean identity currently taking place across Central Asia.
Victoria Kim holds an MA from the Johns Hopkins University's SAIS in Korean Studies and MA from the University of Bolton in International Multimedia Journalism. Originally from Tashkent, Uzbekistan, she is currently based in Beijing, China, as a researcher and documentary storyteller. Her multimedia long-reads and podcast on the Korean diaspora in the former Soviet Union are featured in The Diplomat and by the Korea Economic Institute of America. Victoria has widely spoken on the topic to international audiences at the George Washington and Johns Hopkins Universities in Washington DC, Royal Academic Society China and World Culture Open in Beijing, etc.
Lankov Lecture: The cracks in the alliance: the Soviet Union and North Korea in 1955-1960
It is often presumed that North Korea since its inception was a Soviet satellite or ally. This is correct, but only to an extent, since Kim Il Song and his supporters among the North Korean leaders were deeply nationalistic and saw their reliance on the USSR as a burden. After 1955 it became possible for them to get rid of what they saw as a troublesome and even humiliating dependency. The Soviet attempts to support the anti-Kim opposition ended in a political disaster, and the late 1950s became the time when the relations between the USSR and North Korea deteriorated fast. The period was marked by dramatic events – a defection of the North Korean ambassador to Moscow, abductions of dissenting North Korean students from the USSR and other countries (resulting in the expulsion of the then North Korean ambassador), ban on marriages with the Soviet citizens etc.
Andrei Lankov was born 26 July 1963 in Leningrad (now Petersburg). He completed his undergraduate and graduate studies at Leningrad State University (PhD in 1989). In 1996-2004 he taught Korean history at the Australian National University, and since 2004 he teaches at Kookmin University in 2004, Seoul (currently a professor at the College of Social Studies), and is also director of the Korearisk.com group. His major research interest is North Korean history and society. His major English language publications on North Korea include: From Stalin to Kim Il Sung: The Formation of North Korea, 1945-1960 (Rutgers University Press, 2003); Crisis in North Korea: The Failure of De-Stalinization, 1956 (University of Hawaii Press, 2004), North of the DMZ: Essays on Daily Life in North Korea (McFarland and Company, 2007), The Real North Korea (Oxford University Press, 2013). He has contributed to the 'Wall Street Journal', 'New York Times', 'Financial Times', 'Newsweek', and published a number of academic articles, including two articles in 'Foreign Affairs'.
Lecture Video: Women and Buddhism: Engaging Zen Master Kim Iryŏp
Why and how do women engage with Buddhism? This is a leading question that this presentation tries to explore by examining the life and thoughts of a Korean Zen Buddhist nun Kim Iryŏp (1896-1971).
A daughter of a Christian pastor, Iryŏp was a first-generation Korean feminist and a writer who became a Zen Buddhist nun. Iryŏp's life and work bear witness to Korea's encounter with modernity and Korean women's life in the formative period of modern Korea. Challenging the social values of patriarchal Korea, Iryŏp and other New Women struggled to find their own identity through their writings and art works, and by living their beliefs. The Buddhist worldview was one of the major venues Iryŏp found to express her identity and the meaning of her existence. By tracing down the life story and philosophy of Kim Iryŏp, this presentation will think about the meaning of autobiography, narrative identity, Christianity as well as Buddhism and meaning construction in our daily existence.
In her writings, Iryŏp challenges readers with her creative interpretations of Buddhist doctrine and her reflections on the meaning of Buddhist practice. In the process she offers insight into a time when the ideas and contributions of women to twentieth-century Korean society and intellectual life were just beginning to emerge from the shadows, where they had been obscured in the name of modernization and nation-building.
Jin Y. Park is Professor of Philosophy and Religion and the Founding Director of the Asian Studies Program at American University. Park's research areas include East Asian Buddhism, and Buddhist philosophy of religion, Buddhist-postmodern comparative philosophy, and modern East Asian philosophy. Her books include Women and Buddhist Philosophy (2017); Reflections of a Zen Buddhist Nun (trans. 2014); Makers of Modern Korean Buddhism (ed., 2010); Buddhism and Postmodernity (2008); and Buddhisms and Deconstructions (ed., 2006).
Park served on the Board of Directors at the American Academy of Religion and currently serves as President of the North American Korean Philosophy Association and Vice President of the Society for Asian and Comparative Philosophy.
Lecture Video: The 1882 Korean-American Treaty, Syngman Rhee, and the Division of Korea
It has become axiomatic that the division of Korea in 1945 was a hasty decision taken by men who had little knowledge of Korea and who were every hour being bombarded by issues of much greater importance. It was "wholly an American action" taken with no thought of the Koreans themselves or of the long-term consequences of that division. The division of Korea was not a sufficient condition for the Korean War, but it was a necessary one. Given the monumental consequences that resulted from that division, comparatively little scholarly effort has gone into contextualizing it and to explaining the contradictory directives of the State and War departments that Colonels Dean Rusk and Charles Bonesteel were given thirty minutes and a small scale National Geographic map of East Asia to solve. The War Department wanted none of Korea, while the State Department wanted nearly all of it. The 38th Parallel was a compromise, not just between the United States and the Soviet Union, but between the United States government's differing interpretations of its responsibilities toward Korea.
But why did Americans care about Korea at all? Military planners claimed that Korea had no strategic value to the United States and their lack of planning for either an assault on or an occupation of Korea proved they believed it. Dean Rusk's own account of the division claims that he was tasked with dividing Korea for "symbolic purposes"—not strategic ones. What could have made Korea symbolically important in 1945? The answer lies in the largely unexamined forty-year campaign by Syngman Rhee and the Korean independence movement to persuade Americans to care about Korea. Rhee built a comparatively small but determined network of supporters, tirelessly lobbied the United States government, and at key junctures transformed Korea into an issue of symbolic importance that could not be ignored. Rhee's activities as the leader of the Korean independence movement in the United States are crucial to the context in which American policymakers suggested the division of Korea.
This lecture will explain how Rhee used the obscure 1882 Korean-American Treaty to transform Korea into a place a symbolic importance to Americans at two critical junctions, the debate over the Versailles Treaty in 1919 and the summer of 1945 when the Allies were constructing a new world order in the wake of World War II. Rhee's argument that the United States' violation of this treaty made it responsible for Korea resonated with many Americans, who through their congressmen and grassroots organizing pressured the U.S. government to do something for Korea. Division was not what they had in mind, but it is nevertheless what they received.
David P. Fields earned his Ph.D. at the University of Wisconsin–Madison and is currently a Fulbright scholar at Yonsei University. His dissertation "Foreign Friends: Syngman Rhee, American Exceptionalism, and the Division of Korea" examines how Korean independence activists used the rhetoric of American exceptionalism to lobby for Korean independence in the first half of the 20th century. He is the editor of The Diary of Syngman Rhee, published by the Museum of Contemporary Korean History. He has served as the book review editor of the Journal of American-East Asian Relations since 2015. He has been published in the Journal of American-East Asian Relations and the North Korea Review.


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Story highlights
- Research shows the time of day you have surgery can affect your outcome
- Nausea, vomiting and postoperative pain may increase for afternoon surgeries
- A sleepy surgery team and shift change may be factors
It's 3 p.m. You're checked into the hospital for a routine surgery, scheduled to begin in 15 minutes. This is the first operation you've had.
Lying on a small gurney, covered only by a thin patient gown, you begin to shiver. Your heart pounds. Four words race through your head: "Am I gonna die?"
Then you meet the operating room team. The anesthesiologist, nurse anesthetist and operating room nurse all exude a combination of compassion and confidence. This is just what you need.
Your pulse slows, and the shakes disappear. The surgeon and OR nurse hold each of your hands. The anesthesiologist then injects a powerful sedative. The last thing you hear prior to drifting off is, "We'll take good care of you."
Suddenly, you're jolted awake. Intense, blinding lights glare into your face. You find yourself gagging on a thick plastic tube stuck down your throat. The lights turn away. Your eyes begin to adjust, and you see four faces you've never seen before.
The time of day you have surgery can affect your outcome.
That was the finding of a 2006 Duke University study published in the journal Quality and Safety in Healthcare. Researchers found operations starting between 3 and 4 p.m. had a higher rate of nausea, vomiting and postoperative pain.
Why is this? I suspect there are two major factors.
Our bodies follow natural circadian rhythms, which regulate our sleep/wake cycle, brain wave activity and certain bodily functions. These circadian rhythms dip between 3 and 5 p.m. each day, causing many of us to feel sleepy.
The Spaniards apparently discovered this long ago when they instituted the afternoon siesta. And George Costanza of "Seinfeld" fame isn't the only one who naps on the job. Nike and Google have reportedly instituted official sleeping rooms so their employees can deal with the afternoon circadian dip. It's also the reason why I put a couch in my office.
Unfortunately, there is no napping in the operating room. So it's definitely possible that getting a case of the sleepies plays a role in the higher rate of adverse events in midafternoon surgeries.
But there's another factor that's probably more important.
Most members of surgical teams arrive for work between 6:30 and 7 a.m. That means, when accounting for a 30-minute lunch break, the eight-hour shifts of most anesthesiologists, OR nurses and surgical technologists end at 3 p.m. This is when a new team takes over, sometimes right in the middle of surgery.
So who puts you to sleep won't necessarily be who wakes you up.
I see this routinely. Although the team members being replaced are typically very complete in the information transfer during handoff, key details about the patient may not be conveyed to the next provider. These details usually aren't life threatening, but can still have an impact on a patient's outcome.
For example, the original anesthetist might forget to inform her replacement that the patient doesn't respond well to a certain nausea medication. The replacement anesthetist (and the patient) then learns this the hard way.
So is there anything that can be done to prevent shift changes in the operating room? Not really.
We're all human. Health care providers can't work endless hours or be expected to be completely mistake-free. And there are no signs that workplace regulations are going to be lightened.
But one fact typically remains that should give patients comfort. Anesthesiologists and nurses may come and go, but when you have surgery, whatever time of day, there is one constant. Your surgeon should be with you the whole time.
But if he or she gives you a choice between having surgery at 7:30 a.m. or 3 p.m., think long and hard.
Then choose 7:30 a.m.


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The Dunedin Centre
The grand baroque style of the Dunedin Centre makes an impressive setting for any conference. The Dunedin Centre includes the Dunedin Town Hall, Glenroy Auditorium, Municipal Chambers and a wide variety of other conference rooms, meeting rooms, lounges and bars. Providing ample choice for various event types and sizes, all housed within this stunning architectural masterpiece.
Located in the centre of the city, you'll find the very best in conference facilities - it's the perfect blend of old-world style and modern convenience.
Dunedin must do's
Dunedin provides not only cultural riches but architectural heritage, complemented by a natural environment and rare wildlife all within an easy drive from the city. Exquisite examples of Victorian and Edwardian architecture punctuate and safe and compact cityscape with a vibrant culture reflect in the many museums, galleries and an eclectic array of kerbside café's, boutique fashion outlets and world renowned street art.
The knowledge of the locals and their willingness to share it set Dunedin apart from other destinations. We don't want to give too much away, but you'll experience why its one of the best kept secrets in New Zealand.
Monarch Wildlife Cruises & Tours
Larnach Castle
Off-Track MTB Tours
Chisholm Links Golf Club
Emerson's Brewery
Cadbury World


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Admin Training Classes
Our in-house AEP Admin Workshop has gone virtual!
You only need to register once for all the classes.
All workshops take place at 2pm (central)
Join us for one or all! Each session will be approx 45 minutes long.
Week 1
Tuesday, September 20th – Quote Engine Walk-through
Wednesday, September 21st – AEP toolkit & SMSteam Resources
Thursday, September 22nd – Medicare.gov & other online resources
Week 2
Tuesday, September 27th – Compliance & fraud, waste, and abuse
Wednesday, September 28th – Processing business & checking pending apps
Thursday, September 29th – Office organization & open microphone
Questions? Give us a call! (800) 689-2800


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Phase I Sponsors
Phase II Sponsors
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Intensive Legal Research and WritingSLN #: 40045
Course Prefix: LAW-791
Course Section: A01
Credit Hours: 5
Instructor(s): Holst
Course Description:
This class will meet Monday through Friday from June 4 through June 29.
On three days, "class" consists of a group meeting between the students and the professor. On all other days, "class" consists of each student meeting individually with the professor for a half-hour conference. Conferences take place at the same time every day.
This five-credit course is designed to provide intensive training in legal research and writing. Students are expected to have a solid foundation in basic legal research and writing, and this course should further those skills. By the end of the course, students will be expected to have a working knowledge of the major library sources: reporters, digests, annotated statutes, legislative history, citators, and secondary authorities. Students will also be expected to master two basic writing formats: the office memo and the client letter. Significant time will also be spent writing motions, and students will be exposed to additional formats as well. Students will be required to rewrite all assignments, and will complete a total of approximately thirty assignments during the course. Students will receive extensive feedback in writing and during individual conferences, and all projects, including both original assignments and rewrites, will be graded. For this summer course, students are expected to spend an average of eight to ten hours per day on class assignments.
***NOTE: Once enrolled, students are not permitted to withdraw from the course without permission from the instructor. Withdrawal without approval will result in a failing grade for the course.
Class is limited to ASU JD degree candidates. Students are prohibited from working or taking any other courses during the session they are enrolled in this Intensive Legal Research and Writing course.
A lottery will be conducted. Lottery forms will be can be found at: http://www.law.asu.edu/currentstudents/CurrentStudents/StudentServices/Forms.aspx or picked up in the Student Services Office.
Additional Information:
Credit Hours: 5
Grading Option: Letter Grade Only
Graduation Writing Requirement: No
Flexible Writing Requirement: Yes
Skills Requirement: Yes
Experiential Learning: No
Prerequisite: Legal Method and Writing & Legal Advocacy
Special Withdrawal Course: Yes. Yes, once enrolled for the course students may only withdraw with instructor approval
Limited Enrollment Number: 6
Final Exam Given: No
Attendance Policy: Per Statement Of Student Policies
Additional Attendance Policy: Attendance at all sessions is mandatory.
* The law school has a policy that Is used To calculate credit hours. Please see the Statement of Student Policies.