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Friday, July 30
TGIF Foods: Chipotle-Lime Peanuts
It's the weekend. Time to indulgence.
Whether you're sipping a minty mojito by the pool or chugging an icy cold beer by the grill, you're going to need something salty to munch on. I've got ya covered.
Meet chipotle-lime peanuts. They're everything a munchie food should be -- crunchy, salty, spicy, and sweet.
Chipotle-Lime Peanuts
Yields 2 cups
Print recipe only here.
2 cups unsalted peanuts
1 tablespoon olive oil
2 teaspoons honey
The juice of 1 lime (about 1 1/2-2 tablespoons)
1 heaping tablespoon chipotle powder
1 teaspoon sea salt
1. Preheat oven to 300 degrees F. Line a rimmed baking sheet with aluminum foil or parchment paper.
2. In a small bowl, whisk all ingredients except peanuts. Add peanuts and toss until well coated. Transfer to baking sheet and spread out in a single layer. Bake for 20-25 minutes or until sauce begins to dry up and peanuts are fragrant. Note: Peanuts will be sticky because of the honey.
You might also enjoy these appetizers from Food Blogga:
Maple Walnut Popcorn
Spicy Black Bean Dip and Chips
Buffalo Wings with Blue Cheese Dressing
You might also enjoy recipe featuring peanuts:
Spicy Indian Slaw with Peanuts recipe from Nutrition Unplugged
Goi Coun with Peanut Hoison Dipping Sauce from Sunday Nite Dinner
Asian Cabbage Salad with Sesame Seeds and Peanuts Recipe from Kalyn's Kitchen
20 comments:
- Kara said...
Uh, yes please and thank you! These look so perfect... super tasty but easy to throw together! Can't wait to try them!
- July 30, 2010 at 7:58 AM
- Peter M said...
ANYTHING with chipotle works for me. Why, I'd even eat chipotle cupcakes!
- July 30, 2010 at 8:22 AM
- The French said...
Love homemade snacks. I always want to buy these kinds of things at the store, but they're usually loaded down with a bunch of crap. So thanks for this!
Love the lime with chipotle:)
- July 30, 2010 at 8:31 AM
- Kalyn Denny said...
You had me at Chipotle-lime! So much more healthful than chips too!
- July 30, 2010 at 8:50 AM
- Margot said...
Delicious!! I'm crazy for nuts nowadays, thank you for the tip :)
- July 30, 2010 at 9:46 AM
- Susan from Food Blogga said...
kara-So easy and super tasty!
peter-I think you're on to something! ;)
the french-These are healthy b/c they're not loaded with salt and oil.
kalyn-They are indeed, and packed with protein.
margot-You're welcome!
- July 30, 2010 at 9:57 AM
- Liz said...
How would these be without the honey?
- July 30, 2010 at 10:26 AM
- cindy said...
mmmm, looks and sounds delicious! i love the chili coated peanuts, but they are kinda hard to find here. these look even better, and don't have that red stuff to get all over your fingers!
- July 30, 2010 at 10:33 AM
- Jessica @ How Sweet said...
Holy yum. I would eat like 2lbs of these.
- July 30, 2010 at 10:34 AM
- Joanne said...
These look addictive. The perfect thing to enjoy with a nice cold beer. Definite indulgence food.
- July 30, 2010 at 10:49 AM
- Lydia (The Perfect Pantry) said...
Ole! And I have everything in the pantry to make them today.
- July 30, 2010 at 11:20 AM
- Valerie Harrison (bellini) said...
Crunchy, salty, spicy, and sweet all in one handful sounds good to me Susan.
- July 30, 2010 at 12:39 PM
- RamblingTart said...
Ooooo, these are fantastic, Susan!! I adore roasted, spiced nuts but forgot how much until I saw your post today. Thank you!! :-)
- July 30, 2010 at 4:38 PM
These sound addictive! Honey and chipotle in the same recipe? I LOVE it!
- July 30, 2010 at 8:04 PM
- Lori Lynn said...
Sounds great, yep, pass the mojito!
- August 1, 2010 at 7:52 AM
- Cookie baker Lynn said...
Mmm, these sounds addictive! I think I'll make up a batch of these for my son's birthday. Thanks for the recipe!
- August 3, 2010 at 7:09 AM
- Jonny said...
forgive my louche ways if I refuse to wait for the weekend to indulge in delicious spicy salty peanuts. I'll have them whenever I please (please)!
- August 6, 2010 at 1:43 PM
I made these the other night, and they were DELICIOUS! Great smoky flavor with a slight sweetness and tang from the honey and the lime. :)
- August 12, 2010 at 10:10 AM
- The Teacher Cooks said...
Peanuts are my all time favorite snack. Chipotle makes them even better!
- August 12, 2010 at 2:31 PM
- g@curdsandwine said...
I chopped this up a little and put them on a romaine salad with a thai-inspired citrus dressing. The dressing had sesame oil plus a little vegetable oil, rice-wine vinegar, orange & lime juice, soy sauce, honey, dijon mustard, and a dash of fish sauce. It was so refreshing, and the peanuts really made it perfect!
- August 26, 2010 at 11:57 AM


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Intratumoral microvessel density predicts local treatment failure of radically irradiated squamous cell cancer of the oropharynx
Contribuidor de contenido: OncoLink Assistant Editor
Fecha de la última revisión: 2 de noviembre de 1999
Presenter: Aebersold, DM
Affiliation: Department of radiation oncology, Inselspital Berne, Switzerland
- Angiogenesis is thought to play a role in radiosensitivity.
- The differences in radiosensitivity are thought to be related to the influence of oxygenation, vasculotoxicity of radiation, and angiogenic factors that inhibit radiation effectiveness.
- The purpose of the study was to determine the predictive value of intratumoral microvessel density (IMD) and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) for the radiocurability of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx.
- 100 patients with advanced stage biopsy proven squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx were radiacally irradiated to a median dose of 74 Gy.
- 151 paraffin embedded biopsies were processed for immunohistochemistry and the IMD was determined after staining with anti-CD31.
- VEGF expression in tunor cells was assessed after immunostaining.
- The level of VEGF expression did not correlate with local failure.
- Increasing IMD correlated with local failure as shown with Cox multivariate analysis.
- IMD was the only correlative variable on univariate analysis with an odds ratio decrease of .47 to .1 for the primary tumor
- The relative risk for local relapse increased from 1.56-8.91 in the group with the highest vessle count (>130)
- Local failure free survival also correlated with IMD and was significant for tumors with a IMD of < 80 when compared to a IMD >130.
- IMD may strongly predict for local treatment failure and radiocurability of patients with SCC of the oropharynx.
- Over-expression of VEGF did not correlate with outcome in this cohort
- Increasing vessel density is counterintuitive when predicting tumor hypoxia, however one likely explanation could be that the more vascular the tumor, the more hypoxic the tissues. - The IMD could be a response to tumor hypoxia.
ASTRO coverage is sponsored, in part, by Varian Medical Systems, Inc.

subset: commoncrawl


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Friends was a sitcom that aired on NBC from 1994 to 2004, for a total of ten seasons. The series centered on six friends (Rachel, Ross, Monica, Chandler, Phoebe, and Joey) living in Manhattan, and the challenges of single life, although the end of the series saw the characters more settled, with some married and with children. The series became a pop culture sensation, and the theme song a top 40 radio hit. The cast were even named number forty six on Bravo's list of the 100 Greatest TV Characters.
The show made many Muppet references over the years, cracking jokes based on Sesame Street and Fraggle Rock.
- In a 1997 appearance on The Rosie O'Donnell Show, Elmo is told by Bernie (via phone) that he has an offer to be an addition to the cast of Friends, playing the role of Marcel (Ross' former pet monkey).
- In Episode 106 of Muppets Tonight, when Gonzo's rocket passes though the control room, Rizzo remarks "Bet you won't see that on Friends."
- In the Aliens in the Family episode "Dissected and Neglected," Snizzy accidentally creates living versions of her favorite candy, Yukkles. They eventually get their own TV show resembling Friends. They're seen in a Central Perk-esque coffee shop, where the Green Yukkle complains about his platonic relationship to the Red one.
- In the book Before You Leap, Kermit talks about his early days with the Muppets in New York City, describing their first place together as "RENT meets Friends meets Seinfeld with a dash of Avenue Q."
- In the book It's Hard Out Here for a Shrimp by Pepe the King Prawn, the subtitle under the chapter "Friends" says , "It's not just an old TV show h'okay?"
Muppet Mentions
The One with George Stephanopoulos
- Rachel: Uh, Pheebs? Who's George Snuffleupagus?
- Phoebe: That's Big Bird's friend.
The One with the Ick Factor
Monica has broken up with a guy, who she has found out to be a high school senior.
- Ross: This may take some time for him to get over it, but then at 4, Muppet Babies is on.
The One Where Joey Moves Out
Joey is considering moving out of the apartment he shares with Chandler.
- Joey: What're you gettin' so bent out of shape for, huh? It's not like we agreed to live together forever. We're not Bert and Ernie.
The One Where Eddie Moves In
- Rachel: (holding a pillow made out of plush pink fur) Hey, nice pillow. So, now tell me, is this genuine Muppet skin?
The One Where Old Yeller Dies
Ross' son Ben is watching Sesame Street with Phoebe. The clip on the television is of Ernie burying Bert in the sand.
- Ernie: (on tape) Oh, wow, look at this nice deep hole I've been digging. Hey, Bert, isn't this a nice hole here. Hey...
- Phoebe: (pauses tape) Okay, Ben, this is the part where Ernie buries Bert in the sand and can't find him. Now, I've looked ahead on the tape and he does find him again. But, okay, before that happens, there's some pretty rough goin' for a while, but I think we can handle it. And -- there's just the alphabet, but we know that ends well, so... Okay, here we go. (starts tape again)
- Ernie: Bert...Bert...Bert. Hey, what happened to my friend Bert? He was here just a moment ago. Oh, no, my old friend Bert is lost.
- Phoebe: (to Ben) I'm so glad you're here.
The One Where Rachel Quits
Ross accidentally broke the leg of a little girl who was trying to sell him cookies.
- Chandler: (reading the paper) Says here that a Muppet got whacked on Sesame Street last night. (to Ross) Where exactly were you around ten-ish?
The One with All the Resolutions
Ross is dating a girl named Elizabeth Hornswoggle.
- Chandler: Hornswoggle? What, are you dating a character from Fraggle Rock?
The One Where Phoebe Hates PBS
The episode centers on Phoebe's dislike for PBS, the basis of which is a perceived slight on the part of Sesame Street.
- Phoebe: Okay, 'cause right after my mom killed herself, I was just in this really bad place, y'know, personally. So I just thought that it'd make me feel better if I wrote to Sesame Street, 'cause they were so nice when I was a little kid! No one ever wrote back.
- Chandler: Well, y'know, a lot of those Muppets don't have thumbs.
- Phoebe: All I got was a lousy key chain! And by that time I was living in a box -- I didn't have keys!
Earlier, Joey challenged Phoebe to perform a selfless good deed, claiming no such thing existed.
- Phoebe: I would like to make a pledge. I would like to donate $200.
- Joey: $200? Are you sure, Pheebs? I mean, after what Sesame Street did to you?
- Phoebe: Oh, I'm still mad at them, but I also know that they bring happiness to lots of kids whose moms didn't kill themselves, so by supporting them, I'm doing a good thing, but I'm not happy about it. So there, a selfless good deed.
The One Where Phoebe Runs
Rachel is describing how Phoebe runs.
- Rachel: You guys, I'm telling you, when she runs, she looks like a cross between Kermit the Frog and the Six Million Dollar Man.
- Ross: Monica had such a crush on him. Yeah, she used to kiss his poster every night before she went to bed.
- Rachel: Oh! I used to do that, too!
- Monica: Did you also have his album, "It's Not Easy Being Green"?
The One with the Male Nanny
Ross insists that he and Rachel fire their daughter Emma's male nanny.
- Rachel: I can't watch. It's like firing Elmo.
The One with the Cake
Joey is arguing the importance of having a birthday party for one-year-old Emma.
- Joey: What's the point? The other day, she laughed for, like, an hour at a cup. Just a cup with a picture of Elmo on it dressed as a farmer. And he's standing next to this cow and the cow says "El-moo!" (starts laughing) Yeah...that's a funny cup!
The One with the Home Study
When the woman interviewing Monica and Chandler from the adoption agency reveals that Joey once dumped her, Chandler refers to Joey, who's yelling through the door, as Bert.
- Laura: Is he all right out there by himself?
- Chandler: Oh, yeah! He has a caretaker. His older brother...Ernie.
- Laura: Bert and Ernie!
- Chandler: (smiles nervously) You can't make this stuff up!
Then, following an awkward silence
- Chandler: Bert and Ernie have a big, yellow bird.
The One Where Estelle Dies
In one scene, Rachel wears a Cookie Monster t-shirt.
- In the episode "Joey and the Neighbor," Eric tells Alexis that she didn't finish her crossword puzzle. He reads the puzzle, "Sesame Street character ______ Monster" and says "That's Cookie!"
Many actors who have played character roles in Muppet/Henson productions have also appeared on the series.
- Jason Alexander played Earl in the episode "The One Where Rosita Dies".
- David Arquette played Malcolm in the episode "The One with the Jam". He was also married to series star Courteney Cox.
- Dan Castellaneta played The Zoo Keeper in the episode "The One After the Superbowl: Part 1".
- Conchata Ferrell played a Judge in the episode "The One with Joey's Porsche".
- Jeff Goldblum played Leonard Hayes in the episode "The One with the Mugging".
- Elliott Gould had a recurring role as Monica and Ross' father, Jack Geller.
- Lucy Liu played Lauren in the Joey episode "Joey and the Plot Twist", "Joey and the Taste Test", and "Joey and the Premiere"
- Alaina Reed played an admissions woman in "The One with Two Parts: Part 2".
- Craig Robinson played a desk clerk in "The One with Princess Consuela".
- Isabella Rossellini appeared as herself in the episode "The One with Frank Jr".
- Paul Rudd had a recurring role as Phoebe's boyfriend and husband, Mike.
- Jennifer Saunders played Andrea Waltham in the episodes "The One with Ross' Wedding" and "The One After Ross Says Rachel".
- Brooke Shields played Erika Ford in the episode "The One After the Superbowl: Part 1".
- Paxton Whitehead played Mr. Waltham in two episodes ("The One with Rachel's Crush" & "The One with Joey's Dirty Day").
- Noah Wyle played Dr. Jeffrey Rosen in the episode "The One with Two Parts: Part 1".
In addition, Friends featured appearances by various celebrities who have appeared as themselves with the Muppets.
- Hank Azaria played David in five episodes
- Christina Applegate played Amy Green
- Billy Crystal played Tim in the episode "The One with the Ultimate Fighting Champion".
- Danny DeVito played Roy, the Stripper in the episode "The One Where the Stripper Cries".
- Dakota Fanning played Mackenzie in the episode "The One with Princess Consuela".
- Soleil Moon Frye played Katie in the episode "The One with the Girl Who Hits Joey".
- Teri Garr played Phoebe Abbott in three episodes.
- Cheryl Hines played Woman #2 in the episode "The One with Rachel's Sister".
- Greg Kinnear played Dr. Benjamin Hobart in the episode "The One with Ross' Grant".
- Jay Leno appeared as himself in the episode "The One with Mrs. Bing" and the Joey episode "Joey and the Tonight Show"
- Phill Lewis played Steve in three episodes.
- Debi Mazar played Doreen in "The One Where Rachel Has the Baby".
- Conan O'Brien hosted the 2001 TV special Friends: The Stuff You've Never Seen.
- Donny Osmond appeared as himself in the episode "The One Where the Stripper Cries".
- Denise Richards played Cassie Geller "The One with Ross and Monica's Cousin".
- Julia Roberts played Susie Moss in the episode "The One After the Superbowl: Part 2".
- Antonio Sabàto, Jr. played Kyle in the Joey episode "Joey and the Tonight Show"
- Susan Sarandon played Jessica Lockhart in the episode "The One with Joey's New Brain".
- Bob Saget appeared as himself in the Joey episode "Joey and the Road Trip"
- Steve Schirripa played Pit Boss's in the Joey episode "Joey and the Road Trip"
- Tom Selleck played Dr. Richard Burke in a series of episodes.
- Harry Shearer played Dr. Baldharar in "The One with The Fake Monica".
- Sherri Shepherd played Rhonda in "The One with Phoebe's Uterus"
- Cole Sprouse played Ben Geller in seven episodes.
- Ben Stiller played Tommy in the episode "The One with the Screamer".
- Marlo Thomas had a recurring role as Rachel's mother, Sandra Green.
- Fred Willard played Mr. Lipson in the episode "The One After the Superbowl: Part 1".
- Robin Williams played Thomas in the episode "The One with the Ultimate Fighting Champion".
- Reese Witherspoon played Rachel's sister, Jill Green
- Noah Wyle played Dr. Jeffrey Rosen in "The One With Two Parts"


text:
Advance praise
"The Family that Couldn't Sleep is a riveting detective story that plumbs one of the deepest mysteries of biology. The story takes the reader from the torments of an Italian family cursed with sleeplessness to the mad cows of England (and, now, America), following an unlikely trail of misfolded proteins. D. T. Max unfolds his absorbing narrative with rare grace and makes the science sing." –Michael Pollan, author of The Omnivore's Dilemma and The Botany of Desire
"Much has been written about prions and Mad Cow Disease–nearly all of it is worthless. Thankfully, from the world of journalism comes D.T. Max to set things right. Throw all those other "Mad Cow" books in the trash: This is the book to read about prions–or whatever you want to call them. It's a riveting tale, told by someone with a very special understanding, derived in part from his own strange ailment. Find a cozy spot, clear your schedule and dive in."
– Laurie Garrett, author of Betrayal of Trust and The Coming Plague
"D. T. Max deftly unfolds the mysterious prion in all its villainous guises. Although scientists do not fully understand these proteins–how they replicate and wreak such havoc in their victims' brains–The Family That Couldn't Sleep reveals their historical, cultural, and scientific place in our world. Prepare to be enlightened, entertained, and frightened."
–Katrina Firlik, MD, author of Another Day in the Frontal Lobe
"A great book. D.T. Max has drawn the curtain on a cabinet of folly and malady that will stagger your imagination."
– Philip Weiss, author of American Taboo
"D.T. Max has combined the enthralling medical anthropology of Oliver Sacks with the gothic horror of Stephen King to produce a medical detective story that is as intelligent as it is spooky. The villain of The Family That Couldn't Sleep is the prion, a tiny little protein that causes some of the most terrifying, brain-mangling, creepy diseases known to man. Always fascinating–how could it not be, given that its characters include cannibals, mad cows, madder sheep, a Nobel prize-winning pedophile, and, most poignantly, an Italian family cursed by fatal insomnia?–Max's book is also a gripping account of scientific discovery, and a heartfelt meditation on what it means to be cursed with an incurable, and brutal, illness." – David Plotz, author of The Genius Factory


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The Importance of Social Emotional Learning (SEL) at CCSD59 and Beyond
CCSD59 is proud to announce that we are featured on the Education First and Novo Foundation website about best practices in social emotional learning (SEL).
Along with City Charter Schools of Los Angeles and Metro Nashville Public Schools in Tennessee, CCSD59 was selected to be featured because of its strong, innovative focus on the importance of SEL in student learning. All three districts collaborated with Education First and Novo Foundation in developing a resource of best practices which will assist teachers in serving their students' SEL needs. The website is referred to as "a resource to all who are working to help SEL fulfill its promise for students."
According to the website, "District 59 has built a robust district-wide approach to social and emotional learning," and it explains the various components that are incorporated into this total approach, including well-maintained schools, good technology infrastructure, small class sizes, superintendent support, dedicated SEL team members, excellent teacher support, and many others. CCSD59 is also recognized for embracing the importance of incorporating SEL skills into daily activities with students and building on them in ways big and small.
"Because it can be something that is brand-new, or overwhelming, or even frustrating, having that growth mindset was an excellent prerequisite to starting social and emotional learning," said Katie Ahsell, Director of Social and Emotional Learning and Student Equity.
As explained by a variety of CCSD59 staff members in a video on the website, the growth mindset Ahsell speaks of is demonstrated in many different ways in CCSD59. Teachers and staff continue to network, seek out information, and build on that knowledge to help the students practice this important aspect of their learning experience.
"District 59 has built a robust district-wide approach to social and emotional learning…"
The website goes on to list the various ways CCSD59 has excelled at developing SEL curriculum, including incorporating student-driven instruction, finding creative ways of building and practicing student SEL skills, and customizing instruction for each student's needs.
"It's always been important, but focusing in on how do you create an environment where kids can collaborate more regularly together, and not always agree but figure it out, that's a great skill to have," said Assistant Superintendent of CCSD59, Tom Luedloff.
"We are helping to teach teachers to be the creators and the designers of instruction," said Ahsell, "and the reason we feel so strongly about that is because we know we need to be very responsive to different groups of students."
With careful and thoughtful planning, teachers across the district are excited to see the results of their hard work in their classrooms and in students of all ages. The effect SEL has had on students is not only reflected in how they work together, respond to instruction and to each other, and solve problems and conflict. It also has often had a great impact, quite simply, on how much some children enjoy going to school.
"When I go into the classrooms when they are incorporating these strategies, the entire energy of the room changes," said Lindsey Frank, a district coach for SEL. "It's so amazing to feel that impact that they are having."


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Before the last month, I had successfully felted five items.
In the past month, it's felting: 2. Me: 0.
Kitty Pi
What: Kitty Pi
Yarn: Lion Wool in Rose, Ebony, Winter White and Cadet Blue; Festive Fur in White
Needles: size 10
Pattern: Kitty Pi
Date started: 9/1/07
Date finished: 9/3/07
Lesson Learned: I really, really hate knitting with fun fur.
Destination: The kitties
This is the first time I've knit with fun fur and I HATED it. But, I think it fits for this project, so it was worth it.
I expected the sides of the bed to start going up at the second repeat of blue. Instead, they started before that, at the pink part. No amount of stretching and blocking could fix this problem. As a result, the bed was much, much too small. I'm not sure where the pattern went wrong, but it went very wrong.
So, I cut the bed up and it's now a kitty mat. I have more wool in my stash so I may try making a kitty bed of my own design.
Speaking of kitties, here's Parker, keeping watch on the neighborhood:
Here are two sunsets, taken on two different evenings:


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When you're off on an adventure who better to have by your side than Peter Rabbit! With this adorable, easy to clean lunch box you can be sure your child is enjoying every moment of their day!
Size 17 x 13 x 9 cm
Age 3+
Beatrix Potter
"Once upon a time there were four little Rabbits, and their names were – Flopsy, Mopsy, Cotton-tail and Peter."
So begins the much loved tale by Helen Beatrix Potter, the English author, illustrator, and conservationist who bought her love of nature to life through her much loved children's books. There is no one in the English-speaking world that does not know 'the Tale of Peter Rabbit'! Her stories are true classics, opening a world through which children can explore the natural world around them. Beatrix Potters stories still speak across the generations to the children of today.
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text:
Click here to listen.
Whereas the internet may be all abuzz about Phil Mickelson's lucky break at the Colonial, this week's Golf for Beginners show focuses in on the amateur ladies of the sport.
Play Golf America, in conjunction with American Express, has had over 68,000 women attend its prior yearly outings, bringing together the art of the sport with all of the "extras" that may enhance the ladies experience. This June, participating golf facilities will try once again to peak interest in both golf and the encounters surrounding it.
My husband, Barry, believes that, aside from the golf instruction, men wouldn't be that interested in the many other activities planned for the month of June, such as the networking receptions, golf rules and etiquette seminars, club fitting and equipment demonstrations, golf apparel fashion shows and luncheons. (Okay, the fashion show might be a bit much for a guy to stomach!)
He believes that these additions lessen the competitive nature of the sport. Instead, teach them how to compete and then win! I think there's more to golf than that cut and dried notion. Allowing women to experience all the facets of golf may just increase the number of women who take up the sport and stick with it.
The faces behind this year's initiative are Nancy Lopez and Suzy Whaley. Lopez has among her accomplishments 48 LPGA wins (3 of them majors), Whaley was the first woman golfer in 58 years to qualify for a PGA Tour event (the 2003 Greater Hartford Open) paving the way for Annika Sorenstam and Michelle Wie's venture into men's professional events.
We also discuss the new American Express website dedicated to golf which offers a smattering of everything from video golf instruction to the ability to purchase tickets to 2009 events such as the U.S. Open at Bethpage.
Our golf tip focuses on the Art of the Layup and how placing your ego on hold is only the first step to accurately hitting greens in regulation.
Send your golf questions and comments to email@example.com.
Subscribe to our weekly podcast through this RSS feed:http://feeds.feedburner.com/golfforbeginners or through iTunes.
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Click Here to receive our archived podcasts and 100's of easy golf tips free!
Check us out on MySpace!
"Shiny Tech" courtesy of Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)"
This podcast is supported by MyrtleBeachGolf.com, 866-409-2177.


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Continuing from the previous gallery of art by Qwasian Phillips, and Team Brinkz here are 30 more pieces from The Photoshop Gallery at Photoshop 911 that will complete this update to Quasian's work. Through all this experience, note that producing cover after cover, all the type is still readable and telegraphic. Some of the custom lettering is a bit more difficult, but hey -- it's really tough to put out this much work, while keeping it all fairly different and fresh. Hats off to Qwasian, and keep up the great work! Enjoy
Clicking on any thumbnail brings you into the gallery of full size images.
Return to Qwasian Phillips Gallery #1
Return to Qwasian Phillips Gallery #2
Qwasian Phillips at MySpace.com
Qwasian Phillips in the DTG Forums Gallery
And, thanks for reading
Don't forget ... we encourage you to share your discoveries with other readers. Just send and email, contribute your own article, join the Design Cafe forums, or follow DTG on Facebook!


text:
by Henry W. Lewis, Kenan Professor of Public Law and Government, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; revised and enlarged by Joseph S. Ferrell, Albert Coates Professor of Public Law and Government, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Minor revisions and additional citations by Steven Case.
See also: Local Government Commission
Educator Resources:
Grade 8: NC Local Government – Activity & Poster. North Carolina Civic Education Consortium. http://civics.sites.unc.edu/files/2012/05/LocalGovernmentPosterChallenge...
31 August 2009 | Case, Steven; Ferrell, Joseph S.; Lewis, Henry W.
I like cheez
I like cheez
How many registered voters in
How many registered voters in Beaufort county. Dem.? Repub? Indiv?
I have been searching for
I have been searching for information to help my son with a project and we are searching for how many registered voters there are on Beaufort county. Republicans? Demacratic? Independent?
The best source for this
The best source for this information is the Beaufort County Board of Elections: http://www.beaufortncboe.org/
They have contact information on their website.
T. Mike Childs, NCpedia, N.C. Government & Heritage Library.
Yo, dis is great, Dawg. It
Yo, dis is great, Dawg. It really helped me. Thanks, yo.
Very Informative Post. But
Very Informative Post. But Can You Tell Me Something More About University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
You're in luck: NCpedia has a number of articles on the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (as well as the UNC system and other colleges and universities throughout the state).
Please visit our entry on UNC-Chapel Hill http://ncpedia.org/university-north-carolina-chapel-hi
Thanks for visiting NCpedia!
Kelly Agan, NCpedia Staff
This is a great site. I was
This is a great site. I was doing some work on my NC GOVERMENT & ECONOMICS HUNT and this realy helped. Mrs. Fadali, my media center teacher, was helping us (we were in the library for the four days we worked on it) with the work. We went there today at school, and she went over our answers. She used alot of information on this (awsome, cool, helpful wonder, ect) site. My group did'nt finish, so here I am.
Thanks again,
A Brunson Elementury 4th grader
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Governor Lingle releases $951,000 for University of Hawaii at Manoa Gartley Hall renovationsUniversity of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa
UH Vice President for Administration
Russell Pang, 586-0043
Governor's Office
HONOLULU — Governor Linda Lingle has released $951,000 in design funds for the renovation of Gartley Hall located on the University of Hawaiʻi — Mānoa campus.
The renovation will maximize the use of space, correct health, safety and code standards, and make the facility accessible to people with disabilities. Upon completion of the renovation, students and faculty will be provided with modern and adequate offices, and seminar and conference rooms to meet instructional and research needs.
Constructed in 1921, Gartley Hall is one of the oldest buildings in the "Old Quadrangle" on the UH Mānoa campus, which also includes Crawford Hall, George Hall, Hawaiʻi Hall and Dean Hall. All five buildings are listed in the State and National Registers of Historic Places.
"Gartley Hall represents the history and future of the University in Hawaiʻi," said Governor Lingle. "It is important that the hall is renovated to provide students with programs and opportunities to compete in the global economy."
"This project provides much-needed modernization for the center of our Department of Psychology, which has the largest number of majors on the Mānoa campus," said UH Mānoa Interim Chancellor Denise Eby Konan.
The total project cost is $12,066,000. The design consultant is expected to be selected by the end of April 2007. The design phase will start in May 2007 and is scheduled for completion in February 2008.


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There are suspense thrillers that keep you on the edge of your seat, and there are suspense thrillers that make you recoil to the point that you'd burrow through the backrest if you could.
There are suspense thrillers that keep you on the edge of your seat, and there are suspense thrillers that make you recoil to the point that you'd burrow through the backrest if you could.
"Prisoners" seems destined to ruin a lot of perfectly good chairs.
Clocking in at a punishing 153 minutes, the missing-girls drama is so determined to wallow in every aspect of parental misery, it could best be described as grief porn.
After their 7-year-old daughter disappears on a rainy Thanksgiving, Pennsylvania music teacher Franklin Birch (Terrence Howard) is so overcome with sorrow he can barely stand, while his wife, Nancy (Viola Davis), withdraws emotionally.
Down the street, Grace Dover (Maria Bello), whose 6-year-old daughter went missing at the same time, weeps uncontrollably before descending into an overmedicated haze. Her husband, Keller (Hugh Jackman), loses himself in inconsolable rage and before long, the bags under his eyes look like they, too, brought bags and they've overpacked.
Within moments, suspicion turns to the sinister-looking RV the girls were playing on earlier that day and its driver, Alex Jones (Paul Dano).
If you were to open a dictionary and turn to the entry labeled "Young Girls, Grabber of," there would be an illustration of this guy. But the police determine that Jones, who rarely speaks and lives with his aunt (an unrecognizable Melissa Leo) on her sofa bed, has the IQ of a 10-year-old and couldn't have committed the crime.
Keller, though, is having none of that.
A carpenter by trade but a survivalist at heart — his basement is stocked with everything from canned goods to gas masks to a suspicious, half-empty bag of lye — Keller thought he could protect his family from anything. He even assured them that he would. So he's not one to sit back and wait for the seemingly indifferent Detective Loki (Jake Gyllenhaal) to get the truth out of Jones.
While Loki is busy investigating cold cases and other leads, each one creepier than the last, Keller kidnaps Jones, locks him away and transforms into a one-man Abu Ghraib.
"Prisoners" is designed to make audience members think: How far would a parent go? How far SHOULD a parent go? But it's just as effective, if not more so, at eliciting gasps. (Speaking of audiences, a girl not much older than those onscreen repeatedly wandered out of the theater and back, unattended. Which begs two questions: Who brings a young girl to a movie like this? And who, after bringing a young girl to a movie like this, would ever let her out of their sight?)
With scene after unsettling scene, writer Aaron Guzikowski ("Contraband") and director Denis Villeneuve ("Incendies") dig deep into bags purchased in the "Seven" and "Silence of the Lambs" aisles at the Hollywood Tricks Emporium.
Several small, personal scenes are terrifying in ways that the more elaborate ones could only hope to be. One of the latter variety involving snakes seems to have been tacked on solely because snakes freak people out. That along with some of the seemingly hours of wailing could have been trimmed for better effect. As it is, "Prisoners" feels about a half-hour too long.
A lot of Loki's backstory must have been left on the cutting room floor, and his name, coming on the heels of "Thor" and "The Avengers," is nearly as distracting as the tribal sun tattoo on his neck.
And the rationale behind the disappearances makes no sense. But, then, that's probably by design. It's not like any revelation would suddenly make you say, "Yeah, OK. That seems like a perfectly reasonable excuse for two little girls to go missing."
First and foremost, though, "Prisoners" is an actor's movie, and there's enough superb character work on display for three or four films. Jackman, who wholeheartedly commits to the monster Keller becomes, has rarely if ever been better.
"Prisoners" is intense, and it's somber, and it plays on every parent's worst fears. It's also undeniably well made. It's just not what most people would consider a good time.
I'm not even entirely sure it's what most people would call "good."
One thing is certain, though: Given all the gloom, despair and agony that permeates every scene, it's hard to imagine anyone but masochists wanting to sit through it again.
Christopher Lawrence reviews movies for the Las Vegas Review-Journal. Contact him at email@example.com.


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Anti-uranium groups in Va. join forces
Two Southside Virginia voices against uranium mining are joining forces.
The Roanoke River Basin Association says it has welcomed CommonHealthVA as a part of its family. The group is among several that advocated for keeping the state's prohibition on uranium mining.
While the issue wilted in the General Assembly this year, proponents of uranium mining are still hoping Gov. Bob McDonnell will keep the issue alive. He has yet to respond to a suggestion he order state agencies to develop regulations for the 2014 legislature to consider.
One of the largest known deposits of the radioactive ore is in Pittsylvania County. Virginia Uranium Inc. wants to tap the deposit.
The company says the mining and milling can be done safely, but critics disagree.


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"Essential Torah is the most comprehensive of the new group of Bible commentaries . . . a work that may rank for both depth and breadth with the late Rabbi Isaac Klein's A Guide to Jewish Religious Practice as a resource and reference site. [It] offers the most context, the most interpretation, the most interest. Robinson takes the reader through not only the Five Books of Moses . . . but through everything connected with the Torah in its largest, more-sweeping sense, from the production of an actual Torah scroll and an introduction to the Hebrew language, to the role of biblical criticism and the inherent difficulties in drawing complex rules of behavior from the Torah's simple words."
–The Jewish Week
"An accessible, well-written handbook to Jewish belief as set forth in the Torah. Most laudably, Robinson tackles some of the tough issues posed by the ambiguities, anachronisms, repetitions, and contradictions in the text. . . . His success with Essential Judaism is now matched by this superb manual that effectively guides readers to the ultimate source for Jewish belief and behavior."
–The Jerusalem Post
"Essential Torah draws on both ancient and modern critical methods, citing the thoughts of scholars across a broad spectrum of Jewish ideological beliefs. It will undoubtedly be of interest, help, and guidance to non-Jews and Jews alike. It does an excellent job for the audience it attempts to reach. Recommended."
–Library Journal
"Writing in colloquial and accessible English, Robinson effectively, and sometimes entertainingly, shows why the five books of Moses constitute the basis for Judaism, Christianity and Islam. Drawing on a dazzling array of sources, he provides an overview of the Torah; tackles the question of who wrote it; explores the commentaries; confronts the suppression of women's voices; and bravely tackles what Bible scholars have labeled "troubling texts." This remarkable book is a stellar achievement in which a gifted and diligent author guides readers of all faiths to a source book for religious belief and behavior."
–*Publishers Weekly (starred review)
"Essential Torah is really that–an essential and excellent tool for both students and teachers who want a way in to the sacred text and all that it holds."
–Rabbi Elyse Goldstein, author of The Women's Torah Commentary and The Women's Haftarah Commentary
"Essential Torah provides a thorough and clear introduction to the Bible, its meanings, and its interpretations throughout Jewish tradition. Drawing upon both classical rabbinic and modern sources, Robinson has written a sophisticated yet accessible book that will appeal to both laypeople and academic readers. I highly recommend it for adult education and introduction to Judaism courses."
–Rabbi David Ellenson, president, Hebrew Union College-Jewish Institute of Religion
"George Robinson excels as both a writer and a scholar. He opens up the Torah and makes it accessible in fresh and exciting ways. Both experts and neophytes will find much here to enjoy and to ponder."
–Professor Jace Weaver, Department of Religion, University of Georgia
"The most comprehensive and balanced book on the subject I know. You will find anything you need to know here, from a discussion of divine authorship to a recipe for kosher ink."
–Rabbi Harold S. Kushner, author of When Bad Things Happen to Good People
"George Robinson has written a magnificent volume, whose appeal will be to a sophisticated reader eager for insight and understanding. Essential Torah is more than a guide to the Pentateuch. It is a compendium of literary history, cultural anthropology, ancient wisdom, medieval commentary, and modern insight. The Torah text for Robinson becomes a pretext for instruction into the entire gamut of Jewish religious thought and practice. He leaves very few stones unturned, and he leads as a master teacher, exploring every facet of a vast tradition. This is text analysis at its greatest."
–Rabbi David M. Posner, Ed.D., Senior Rabbi, Temple Emanu-El, New York City
A Note to the Reader
1. A Tree of Life…: The Torah in Practice
—What Is the Torah?
—The Torah Scroll
—Seder K'riat Ha'Torah/Service for the Reading of the Torah
—How Seder K'riat Ha'Torah Evolved
2. More Than History, More Than Law: An Overview of the Torah
—Stories and Meanings
—In the Beginning, God
—In Search of the Miraculous
—In the Image of God
—The Covenant(s)
—The Mitzvot
—From One Man to a Family, From a Family to the Twelve Tribes
—From Rabble in Arms to a Nation of Priests
—How the Story Is Told
—The Torah as Legal Document
3. Black Fire on White Fire: The Writing of the Torah
—The Traditional View
—Cracks in the Facade
—Evolution of an Alternative Theory
—The Documentary Hypothesis
—Enter J and E
—History Lessons Continued
—Enter D
—Exile, Remorse, Return
—And Finally P
—The Redactor
—Reactions to the Documentary Hypothesis
—The Dead Sea Scrolls and the Case for Higher Criticism
—Alternatives to the Documentary Hypothesis
4. The Rest Is Commentary: Interpreting the Torah
—Oral and Written Torah Revisited
—Halakhah vs. Aggadah
—Following the Thread of Halakhah
—Laying Down the Law
—Thinking in Code(s)
—Halakhah in Changing Times
—Thirteen Ways of Looking at the Torah
—Four Gates into the Paradise of Aggadah
—The View from the Bimah
—Midrashim in Three Keys
—Your Brother's Blood
—The Golden Age of Bible Commentary
—The Mystical Strain
—Torah + Science
—Modernity Confronts Scripture
5. Hearing Silenced Voices: Women and the Torah
—(At Least) Two Kinds of Reading
—God Herself
—The Mother of Us All
—Law of the Fathers
—Women in Rabbinic Literature
—The Battle for Women's Prayer and Study
6. Troubling Texts
—Texts of Terror
—Bridging the Gap
—The Final and Most Terrible Test
—Three Ways of Looking at a Near Tragedy
—Can a Queer Jew Get Justice from the Judge of the World?
7. Now Go and Study. . . : How to Study Torah
—"Find Yourself a Partner"
—Hebrew and English
—Choosing Commentaries
—One Week at a Time
—Why Study Torah?
8. Every Week, Fifty-four Weeks a Year: An Introduction to the Parashiyot
—Sefer Bereishit / The Book of Genesis
—Sefer Shemot / The Book of Exodus
—Sefer Vayikra / The Book of Leviticus
—Sefer B'midbar / The Book of Numbers
—Sefer Devarim / The Book of Deuteronomy
Appendix 1: Torah and History
Appendix 2: A Timeline of Major Torah-Related Events
Glossary of Torah Commentators
Glossary of Terms


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Mark A. Miller is a practicing architect/builder/developer living in Chicago who designs projects around the country. His studio, Mark A. Miller Architects + Builders, designs and builds high-performing, energy-efficient homes that speak to the soul. Mark recently co-founded the Passive House Alliance Chicago and is lecturing about the Passive House standard throughout the Midwest. You can learn more about his unique approach to designing thoughtful homes at his websites: Zen + Architecture and Passive House Midwest.
I have been studying energy-efficient design since I decided to study architecture at the University of Arizona in the mid 1980s. Today I am a registered architect and the principal of my own architecture firm, Mark A. Miller Architects + Builders Inc. I also own a Passive House consulting company, Passive House Midwest, and am in the process of becoming a certified Passive House consultant. The past several homes my architecture firm designed have been very energy-efficient. They not only met energy star certifications, but also exceeded it by 25 percent! We have been making great strides up the energy-efficiency ladder.
Many people have been asking me if we are LEED-certified (the U.S. Green Building Council's Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design program), and to be honest, I just haven't jumped on this train with all the others. I recently attended a lecture given by a Chicago architecture firm that just completed a branch library for the city that achieved LEED Silver certification. The firm admitted that they had to charge the client an additional 20 percent in fees to fill out all of the paper work to get the certification. My reaction was, "Wow! The savings the client was to get over the next 30 years from their energy-efficient upgrades just got spent on additional architectural fees to show everyone how green they are!" The owners won't be seeing the savings—and isn't that the point?
Passive solar design helps the Matson residence connect with nature while keeping energy bills low. Photo By Scott Shigley Photography.
After the past few homes we designed, it really struck me that the trick is not about getting some fancy engineering gizmo that makes heat in some new way, but it's really about keeping the heat, however it's produced, in the house. So much of our energy is lost to poor building envelope design: minimal insulation; poor performing windows and doors; too many wall penetrations and places for air to leak into the interior. Placing the focus first on the quality of the building envelope is best.
I was so pleased when I stumbled on an article about this new building technique coming out of Germany called "Passive Haus." The Passive House standard immediately resonated with me as confirmation of the conclusions that I was coming to myself about energy-efficient design. Pack up the horn, 'cause this was the band wagon I've been waiting for—so I jumped.
I learned that the headquarters for the Passive House movement was in my own backyard, down in Urbana, Illinois, home of the University of Illinois. Later I came to realize the symbolism of this, as the first "super-insulated" houses were designed here. It turns out that the Germans caught wind of this, and (as the Germans have a reputation for doing) they studied it and engineered the heck out of it.
I signed up right away to take the Passive House training over the summer. It was very intense, but it was inspiring and enlightening at the same time. Now I am making presentations on the benefits and techniques of the Passive House Standard, to get my next house project to implement these techniques.
As I continue to blog about the Passive House standard, I will share my journey with you as I try and get the good word out to the building community and public. Most people have not heard of Passive House yet or if they have, they don't believe the level of improvement in performance a U.S. house could achieve without the fancy gadgets. It will no doubt be an interesting journey.
Read more thoughts from Mark Miller on Passive House design!


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Lego Mindstorms EV3
LEGO Mindstorms EV3 Preps Kid Programmers For the Mobile World
LEGO Mindstorms EV3 Preps Kid Programmers For the Mobile World
Lego Mindstorms has come a long way since its original 1994 incarnation. Lego's third generation EV3 robotics kit ($350), introduced at this year's CES, has been modernized for mobile programming, with a wireless Bluetooth connectivity and an integrated smartphone app, and is compatible with Lego's older NXT 2.0 kits. The new EV3, a small computer that fits in the palm of your hand, has 16MB of memory and 64MB of storage, and the kit includes a motor, an infrared "seeker," and a touch sensor.
Kids 10 and up can play but, who are we kidding, this iPhone-controlled robot is for grown-up geeks too. EV3 will hit stores late 2013, but until then, you can take a peek at our favorites from the Mindstorms CES booth and a look at the new EV3 computer.


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The new iPad has gone on sale in the UK with hundreds queuing and thousands ordering online as Apple fans looked to embrace Apple's new tablet.
The model, dubbed the "new iPad", adds a new high-res screen, faster processor and, for American customers, 4G connectivity.
From the early Apple iPad reviews, Pocket-lint's included, the new iPad has been well received by the gadget industry with many pleased with the devices performance.
"Look, you either want an iPad or you don't. There's no pressure to buy one. But the Retina Display makes this so far and away the best release yet, this is a great time to climb on board the iPad train. It certainly gets more right than wrong," said David Phelan, in our Apple iPad (3rd generation) review. "The dedicated apps now number 200,000, way higher than rivals. The hardware remains gloriously well designed and works with great efficiency. And an iPad is a gadget which quickly becomes essential, even though it stays luxurious.Seriously, what are you waiting for?"
There has been concern in the UK about the confusion over the device still being labelled 4G even though the UK doesn't have a 4G network and the new iPad won't work on the UK's 4G network when it does arrive, possibly later this year.
To confirm, the new iPad won't work with the UK 4G network, but how fast will it surf the web in the UK? You can check out the theoretical speeds in our feature looking at the different networks in the UK.
That news didn't stop Ali and Zohaib waiting outside the Regent Street store since Sunday, nor others in the UK and around the world.
The clamour to be one of the first to get the new iPad meant that some were happy to pay what many will see as over the odds just to be in the queue for the new tablet.
Stephen Parkes was paid more than £600 by the founder of an odd jobs website in Sydney to wait in line for four days.
But the very first customer in the world to buy the new device was 34-year-old construction manager David Tarasenko, who grabbed one at midnight at a Telstra store in Melbourne, Australia.
Yep we aren't sure why do people queue for an iPad either?
And if you are wondering what's inside, repair site iFixit has you covered on that one too. According to the site, which has already taken it apart, the new iPad is mostly battery, with Apple doing as much as it can to ensure that even with the new tech the iPad lasts as long as the iPad 2.
"Next to the logic board is a gigantic battery, which takes most of the space inside the iPad. While the iPad 2 housed a formidable 25 watt-hour Li-ion battery, the iPad 3 has upped the ante to the tune of 42.5 watt-hours. The additional capacity was accomplished by increasing the physical size, not with new battery technology," Kyle Wiens told Pocket-lint.
For those that like specs the new iPad has the following says iFixit:
- Dual-core Apple A5X processor with integrated quad-core graphics
- 9.7 inch LED backlit in-plane switching LCD with 2048×1536 pixel "Retina Display." Our unit is made by Samsung; we hear that Sharp and LG may be supplying panels at a later date.
- 16, 32 or 64 GB Toshiba NAND flash memory
- 5 MP HD rear-facing camera
- 1 GB DRAM comprised of two 4Gb Elpida LP DDR2 parts
- Broadcom BCM4330 802.11a/b/g/n Baseband/Radio with Integrated Bluetooth 4.0+HS
- Qualcomm MDM9600 3G and 4G wireless modem (not the expected 2nd generation MDM9615)
- Qualcomm RTR8600 multi-band/mode RF transceiver for LTE bands
But it's not just the specs that have been upgraded. Many of your favourite apps have had a boost in capabilities too, with apps like Amazon's Kindle app, Evernote, Tweetbot and others getting an increase in graphics quality to benefit from the new display.
Here are our suggestions for the Best new iPad apps to show off the Retina Display.
The new iPad Wi-Fi models will be available in black or white with prices starting from £399 for the 16GB model, £479 for the 32GB model and £559 for the 64GB model.
iPad Wi-Fi + 4G will be available for a suggested retail price of £499 for the 16GB model, £579 for the 32GB model and £659 for the 64GB model.
iPad will be sold in the UK through the Apple Store, the major phone operators in the UK, and other places such as John Lewis.
iPad will also be available in Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Hong Kong, Japan, Puerto Rico, Singapore, Switzerland and the US Virgin Islands on Friday, March 16.
In a move that is likely to confuse, the current iPad - the iPad 2 - is getting a price drop. It now costs £329 for the 16GB Wi-Fi model and £429 for the 16GB Wi-Fi + 3G model. There will not be 32GB or 64GB versions.
Network operator Three has revealed the prices it will be offering for the new iPad. And the up front cost of the latest Apple tablet starts at £99.
For a 16GB Wi-Fi + 4G version of the Retina Display-touting new iPad (formerly known as iPad 3) will set you back £99 plus £29 per month on a 24 month contract. Alternatively, if you sign for a £25 per month, 24 month contract, it will cost £159.
A 32GB Wi-Fi + 4G version will cost £169 up front on a £29pm, 24 month contract, £229 at £25pm. While the 64GB version will be £249 up front, £29pm for two years, £299 up front, £25pm.
All of the contracts have 15GB monthly allowances.
Vodafone is offering a 24 month contract with 2GB 3G + 1GB BT Openzone for £27 a month if you play £199 up front for the 16GB model, £275 for the 32GB model and £345 for the 64GB model.


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Intersections of Manufacturing and Process Control
Have you ever thought about how many average families have been changed by having GPS devices in our cars? Just think back to the (not so) good ol' pre-GPS days when you pretended you knew where you were going, only to find out you didn't, and you never heard the end of it. When those wonderful gadgets came along, they put a stop to all the arguments about directions. Yet the change snuck up on us so quietly, it went mostly unnoticed.
I see the same thing happening in our industry with variable speed drives (VSDs), including variable frequency drives (VFDs) and inverters. Yes, we all know you can reduce energy consumption while improving efficiency and process control by using VSDs to drive pumps and blowers instead of using flow restriction devices. But that's not what I want to talk about. What I want to focus on is how much the cost of modern VSDs has dropped in recent years. Now, instead of being a rarity, it feels like they're everywhere. Some would even say they're where they don't belong.
For example, let's look at a feed conveyor, say a belt or screw type, driven by a motor with a VSD. The material being transported is not a fluid, but something like powder, granules, pellets, or even some sort of chips. This is a very common application in manufacturing.
Since the speed of the conveyor can be modulated, the feed rate could be controlled in the same fashion as liquid flow in a pipe with a valve as the final element. It would be impossible even to count the number of algorithms developed by very clever engineers to control fluid flow in every imaginable process arrangement.
Yet, controlling flows and levels of non-fluid (let's call it "particulate") material is commonly done with custom algorithms designed without the benefit of process control theory. Why? Because it's a discrete manufacturing facility, and they don't think in terms of process control concepts. It doesn't have to be that way. I argue that the advent of VSDs — which make it possible to modulate the material flow —blurs the line between process and discrete manufacturing, allowing for the application of control theory in manufacturing plants.
Is it done, though? Generally, no. In some complicated cases, the process overwhelms the ability of plain PID control, requiring plant engineers to develop additional custom logic which may or may not work well, if at all. When a process control engineer stumbles upon a discrete manufacturing line or cell struggling with control issues, a closer look often reveals that the problem would have been readily solved at the process control level. When such a connection is made, a tremendous return on investment can follow.
Here is a real-life case: An OSB (oriented strand board) plant in northern Minnesota had been struggling with wood chip bin level control, which was affecting board quality (weight) and causing frequent line shutdowns due to level interlocks. The problem was the five-minute delay between the VSD-driven conveyor speed adjustment and the effect on the target bin level.
Application of the venerable Smith Predictor algorithm (routinely used for gas composition control with gas chromatography for PV measurement) resulted in a 7% saving in raw materials (roughly $1.5 million annually per production line). The implementation required only two weeks of the process consultant's time.
A two-fold message
If you're a discrete manufacturer dealing with a control problem, step back for a moment and ask yourself if an engineer from the adjacent field carrying odd-looking tools could come to your rescue. Give us a chance to look at it. The results may exceed your expectations.
For you process control professionals: Discrete manufacturing facilities present a number of interesting and rewarding process control opportunities. The recent advent of VSDs makes this statement even more relevant.


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Jotwire manufactures cable harness, wire harness, electro-mechanics assemblies and system assemblies for many companies in the special vehicle, electronics, engineering and electricity industries.
Efficient production processes, modern production technology, a competitive network of suppliers and professional employees provide cost-effective production of high-quality products. Jotwire is located in Tuupovaara and is part of the Ouneva Group.