text:
Jonathon Niese stepped nicely into his new role as No. 1 starter for the Mets, and Collin Cowgill capped a successful New York debut with a grand slam in an 11-2 rout of the San Diego Padres on Monday.
Handed the opening day assignment in place of injured Johan Santana, Niese enjoyed a big afternoon with both his arm and bat. He breezed into the seventh inning against a Padres lineup missing slugger Chase Headley (broken thumb) and catcher Yasmani Grandal, suspended for the first 50 games after testing positive for testosterone.
Marlon Byrd had a pair of RBI singles and fellow Mets newcomer John Buck was in the middle of three rallies as New York improved baseball's best opening day record to 34-18 despite dropping its first eight openers.
The Mets have won 20 of their last 22 home openers.
Niese had a perfect day at the plate, tying his career high with two hits. He had an RBI single in the second off an ineffective Edinson Volquez (0-1), then drew a leadoff walk and scored in a three-run fourth.
David Wright received a warm ovation when he was introduced as the fourth Mets captain. He stole two bases and made a diving play at third base in his first game since signing a $138 million, eight-year contract - the richest in team history.
Byrd and Buck each had an RBI single in the third. Cowgill doubled to key the fourth-inning rally, which included a run-scoring groundout by Wright and an RBI single by Daniel Murphy on his 28th birthday.
Volquez, making his third straight opening day start after helping the Dominican Republic win the World Baseball Classic last month, was charged with six runs, six hits and three walks in three-plus innings. He dropped to 0-5 in six career starts against the Mets.
Cowgill, batting leadoff after winning the center field job this spring, hit his first career grand slam off Brad Bach in the seventh to make it 11-2. The only other opening day slam in Mets history was hit by Todd Hundley on April 26, 1995, at Colorado.
Cowgill was acquired from Oakland in a December trade. His drive to left gave the Mets their most runs since Niese beat Philadelphia 11-1 on July 3 last year.
With the Yankees hosting the rival Boston Red Sox across town, the Mets announced a sellout crowd of 41,053 at windy Citi Field, where the Padres won the ballpark's first game in 2009. The last time two New York teams opened at home on the same day was April 17, 1956, when it was the New York Giants and Brooklyn Dodgers, according to STATS
Niese (1-0) gave up Carlos Quentin's run-scoring single and Yonder Alonso's solo homer in 6 2-3 innings before walking off to a standing ovation.
Scott Rice, making his big league debut after spending 14 seasons in the minors, struck out two in a perfect ninth.
NOTES: Touted prospect Jedd Gyorko made his major league debut for the Padres. He stranded four runners in his first two at-bats, then doubled past a diving Wright in the sixth for his first hit. Gyorko started at second base and moved to third in a double switch. ... Padres pitching prospect Casey Kelly, a key piece in the trade that sent Adrian Gonzalez to Boston in December 2010, is scheduled for Tommy John surgery Tuesday on his right elbow. It will be performed by Dr. James Andrews. ... Headley, the NL RBI leader last year with 115, is expected to miss at least the first two weeks of the season. ... Santana, the one-time Mets ace, is scheduled for another surgery Tuesday that he hopes can save his career. The left-hander re-tore the anterior capsule in his pitching shoulder. ... New York placed Santana, closer Frank Francisco (elbow surgery), RHP Jenrry Mejia (elbow tendon inflammation) and RHP Shaun Marcum (biceps tendinitis) on the 15-day disabled list. All the moves were retroactive to March 22, so Marcum remains penciled in to start Sunday against Miami. ... Fans got a kick out of the Mets' wacky "Harlem Shake" video when it ran on the big board between innings. The team filmed the video, featuring outlandish costumes and goofy dancing by longtime media relations guru Jay Horwitz, in the clubhouse after a voluntary workout Sunday and it quickly became an Internet attraction. ... Rusty Staub, a member of the Mets' Hall of Fame, threw out the first pitch on his 69th birthday as the club celebrated the 40th anniversary of its 1973 pennant. ... Ike Davis went 0 for 5 with four strikeouts.


text:
Bible Science Forum
Recent Posts
- Notice: This website is closing by 30 June 2020
- Keys to Healing
- My interview for I AM series
- Does Isaiah 65:17-25 refer to an earthly Millennium rule of Christ on Earth?
- Martin Lloyd-Jones on the book of Revelation
- "Slaying in the spirit" is hypnotic suggestion
- White Ribbon Australia supports violence against the unborn
- Pope warns against direct personal relationship with Jesus Christ
- Futurism: Jesuit deception of the church
- My drug addiction story
- Is the name 'Yeshua' written over a hundred times in the OT?
- Daniel's Seventy Weeks
Blog Stats
- 87,651 hits
- Follow Revolution for Jesus on WordPress.com
Tag Archives: Left Behind
Futurism: Jesuit deception of the church
The following is copied, without alteration, from The Evil Empire of Jesuit Futurism, which was itself taken from Chapter 3 of book "The Left Behind Deception" by Steve Wohlberg. Bold brown text indicate my added emphases. Imagine a pair of supernatural, high-tech, Heaven-inspired … Continue reading
Posted in Bible prophecy, Church History, Roman Catholic Church Tagged Cardinal Bellarmine, Dispensationalism, echatology, Francisco Ribera, futurism, futurist view, H. Grattan Guinness, Historicism, Jesuit Futurism, Jesuits, John Nelson Darby, Left Behind, Pre-Trib Rapture, the AntiChrist, the Reformation, Tim LaHaye 3 Comments
At the resurrection who is left behind?
Recently I have been studying the book of Luke, and especially the passage on the resurrection "…I tell you, in that night there shall be two men [people] in one bed; the one shall be taken, and the other shall be … Continue reading

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Availability: Available, despatch within 3-4 weeks
- Format:Paperback
- Subject(s):Science
- Author(s):Andy Cooke, Jean Martin
- Available from: August 2003
Science resources to support the pre-2008 Key Stage 3 QCA Scheme of Work.
Availability: Available, despatch within 3-4 weeks
Send a Query×
Year 9 is an engaging Class Book that meet the needs of both teachers and pupils for the pre-2008 Science Strategy and Framework for Key Stage 3. The differentiated questions build thinking skills and Scientific Enquiry is intergrated throughout.
- Contents
- Acknowledgements
- Contents
- Introduction
- Unit 9A Inheritance and selection
- Unit 9B Fitness and health
- Unit 9C Plants and photosynthesis
- Unit 9D Plants for food
- Unit 9E Reactions of metals and metal compounds
- Unit 9F Patterns of reactivity
- Unit 9G Environmental chemistry
- Unit 9H Using chemistry
- Unit 9I Energy and electricity
- Unit 9J Gravity and space
- Unit 9K Speeding up
- Unit 9L Pressure and moments
- Scientific investigations
- Glossary/index
Latest newsAll news
01 June 2020
TOK-bite video 3 (part 1): how to make TOK relevant to learners
Video tips from our expert Cambridge TOK authors.
Catalogues & Ordering
Please sign in to access your account
Not already registered? Create an account now. ×
Thank you for your feedback which will help us improve our service.
If you requested a response, we will make sure to get back to you shortly.×


text:
Sunday Reads: Missiles, Boehners, Blood Suckers and SNAPPosted: April 29, 2012 Filed under: Barack Obama, Catfood Commission, China, Congress, Cuba, Discrimination against women, Federal Budget, Foreign Affairs, GLBT Rights, Great Britain, House of Representatives, jobs, morning reads, Republican politics, science, the GOP, U.S. Politics, unemployment, Violence against women, War on Women | Tags: Dark Shadows, food stamps, John Boehner, Military Funding, Shark Populations, SNAP, TANF, Tribeca Film Festival, Vernon Traversie, White House Correspondents' Dinner 47 Comments
Good Morning!
This is Sunday, April 29th…the last Sunday in April. What a whirlwind of a month!
Today is also my mother's birthday, so if you would just let me take a moment to say, "Happy Birthday Ma!"
I have lots of links for you this morning, some are serious…some are funny…and some are just ridiculous!
We will go ahead and get the serious ones out-of-the-way first. Yesterday was the big White House Correspondents Dinner, here are some choice bits for you to check out…it looks like it was a good one.
President Obama on Palin: What's the difference between a hockey mom and a pit bull? 'A pit bull is delicious'
Now that is a funny joke…if you would like to see Obama's stand-up in full:
One from The Associated Press: Romney, Secret Service, GOP: Obama mocks them all
Another from CNN: TRENDING: 2012 race makes fodder for Obama, Kimmel
And one last link for you about the WHCD: Lindsay Lohan Would Rather Take a Nap than Meet the President. The only reason I mention this Jezebel article is because it gives me the opportunity to say that Lindsay Lohan should not play Elizabeth Taylor! That's for dang sure!
From Addicting Info, two links:
Rape Away The Gay? Radio Personality Tells Father To Get A Man To Rape His Daughter Until She Turns Straight
A radio personality in Cleveland is facing tremendous backlash after telling a father that he should get one of his male friends to rape his daughter to force her to turn straight.
In response to an email from a father who suspected his daughter was gay after discovering her kissing another girl, DJ Dominic Deiter declared on the air that "You should get one of your friends to screw your daughter straight."
You read that correctly. An apparently anti-gay radio personality told a father that he should arrange for his daughter to be raped repeatedly until she magically turns straight.
And what radio network is responsible for such a revolting disc jockey? Take a guess…
After the disgusting remark, GLAAD received multiple reports about the incident, which was said during 'Rover's Morning Glory' radio program that airs on WWMS 100.7 FM radio station on Clear Channel Communications, which includes radio shows hosted by Rush Limbaugh, Sean Hannity, and several other right-wing radio shows. Clear Channel is also owned primarily by Bain Capital, the company that Mitt Romney began and is still involved with.
Yup, it makes me think of the perfect response…
The other link from Addicting Info, I will not post the photo, but if you click the link you can see it. Warning…it is graphic. Native American Blind Man Mutilated By Staff At Rapid City Hospital
As a country we have been mesmerized, sickened and disgusted by the shooting of unarmed 17-year-old Trayvon Martin. All eyes have been on this hate crime and emotions on both sides of the issue have run high.
But there are other stories out there, not so well publicized by the mainstream media. The most recent to come to light is the shocking mutilation of a 68-year-old blind man. His crime, it seems, is being a Native American living in South Dakota.
Vernon Traversie, a Lakota elder, suffered a heart attack last August and was taken to Rapid City Regional Hospital for emergency surgery. Upon his return home after a two-week stay, he found that three Ks had been carved or burned into his abdomen.
I know that was difficult to read, but I felt I should bring it to your attention. More information about this hateful mutilation at the link.
More news reads after the jump:


text:
DRC home :: Events :: Feedback :: Wallpaper :: Advanced Search
TALLMADGE, Ohio -- Summit Racing Equipment has radically expanded its lineup of NHRA, IHRA, NMRA, SCCA, and Fun Ford contingency items to include its entire line of Summit brand products.
The line of Summit brand products includes hundreds of parts, accessories, and performance-related items. To earn a cash payout from Summit Racing, participants must win or runner-up with any Summit brand product while displaying two Summit Racing Equipment contingency decals, which are available through the sanctioning bodies.
"Just win or runner-up, circle Summit Racing Equipment on the contingency form, and get paid," Heinbuch said. "It's still as easy as 1-2-3, but now we give racers more ways to gain an edge by using Summit brand products."
Summit brand products combine high quality, reliable performance, and affordable price, making them ideal for racers on all levels. "Our new contingency lineup gives us a great opportunity to showcase our Summit brand parts to the racing community," Heinbuch said. "We know they'll be impressed."
The world's largest direct marketer of performance automotive parts and accessories, Summit Racing Equipment offers the largest selection, lowest prices, and best customer service in the high performance industry. The company is headquartered in Tallmadge, Ohio with retail locations in Tallmadge, Ohio; Sparks, Nevada; and beginning in February 2006, McDonough, Georgia.


text:
- Browse bikes
- Top bikes
- Tools
- News & reviews
- Forums
- Free classifieds
Moto Guzzi Daytona 1000 1995
1995 Moto Guzzi Daytona 1000 specifications, pictures, reviews and rating
1995 Moto Guzzi Daytona 1000. Picture credits - BRIAN KNOX. Submit more pictures.
|General information
|Moto Guzzi Daytona 1000
|3.0 Check out the detailed rating of racing track capabilities, engine performance, accident risk, etc. Compare with any other bike.
|Engine and transmission
|992.0 ccm (60.53 cubic inches)
|Engine type:
|V2, four-stroke
|95.0 HP (69.3 kW)) @ 8000 RPM
|104.0 Nm (10.6 kgf-m or 76.7 ft.lbs) @ 6000 RPM
|Valves per cylinder:
|Cooling system:
|Chassis, suspension, brakes and wheels
|Front brakes:
|Dual disc
|Rear brakes:
|Single disc
|Physical measures and capacities
|Dry weight:
|205.0 kg (451.9 pounds)
|Power/weight ratio:
|0.4634 HP/kg
|Seat height:
|785 mm (30.9 inches) If adjustable, lowest setting.
|Other specifications
|Further information
|Insurance costs
|Compare US insurance quotes from the nation's top providers.
|Finance options
|Compare US motorcycle loan quotes from the nation's top providers.
|Parts finder
|Chaparral provides online schematics & OEM parts for the US. Revzilla offers up to 50% off motorcycle accessories. Ships to most countries. Also check out our overview of motorcycle webshops at Bikez.info.
|Ask questions
|Join the 95 Moto Guzzi Daytona 1000 discussion group or the general Moto Guzzi discussion group.
|Related bikes
|List related bikes for comparison of specs.
Buying a bike starts at BikezGet a list of related motorbikes before you buy this Moto Guzzi. Inspect technical data. Look at photos. Read the riders' comments at the bike's discussion group. And check out the bike's reliability, repair costs, etc. Show any 1995 Moto Guzzi Daytona 1000 for sale on our Bikez.biz Motorcycle Classifieds. You can also sign up for e-mail notification when such bikes are advertised in the future. And advertise your old MC for sale. Our efficient ads are free. You are also welcome to read and submit motorcycle reviews.
|Rating sample for this Moto Guzzi bike
Value for money for the 1995 Moto Guzzi Daytona 1000:
(59.0 out of 100)
Click here for complete rating. You can also compare bikes.
Pictures, trademarks and logos of third parties are the exclusive property of the respective owners. Technical specifications are subject to change without notice. Bikez.com has been developed by low-cost software development company ObjectLabs.
Aprilia BMW Ducati Harley-Davidson Honda Kawasaki KTM Moto Guzzi Suzuki Triumph Ural Yamaha
Copyright © 1999-2020 by Bikez.com a.s. This web uses cookies.
About Bikez. Advertise products. Contact Bikez.com. Privacy policy. Motorcycle catalogue and Motorcycle classifieds
Copyright © 1999-2020 by Bikez.com a.s. This web uses cookies.
About Bikez. Advertise products. Contact Bikez.com. Privacy policy. Motorcycle catalogue and Motorcycle classifieds


text:
Follow RFF News on your cell phone. Text follow rff to 40404 you will receive txt messages with RFF News
0 Members and 1 Guest are viewing this topic.
Quote from: Vitoko on January 10, 2014, 09:13:35 AMSpace? Judging by that reaction that you hate the SPACE season.
The countdown is in 254 today. And everybody are confused about the meaning of this.
Applications were posted on the Space website this week.
Quote from: Alenaveda on May 01, 2014, 08:00:50 PMApplications were posted on the Space website this week.Where? I can't find them anywhere! >_<
APPLICATIONS ARE UP!http://series.canalspace.tv/la/the-amazing-race/inscripcion/Can't find the deadline, but it's official now, TARLA 6 is in the works!
Page created in 0.062 seconds with 32 queries.


text:
There are many things that did not change with the loss of the Democrats' filibuster-proof majority in the U.S. Senate on Tuesday: Thousands die each year because they lack access to affordable health care. 46 million Americans remain uninsured. Unless there is fundamental change, the growth in health-care spending will consume this country's economic growth.
There are many things that did not change with the loss of the Democrats' filibuster-proof majority in the U.S. Senate on Tuesday:
* Thousands die each year because they lack access to affordable health care
* 46 million Americans remain uninsured
* Unless there is fundamental change, the growth in health-care spending will consume this country's economic growth.
Voters in Massachusetts clearly rebelled against the health-care bill being crafted in Washington, D.C. But there's an X-factor that too many pundits and politicians in both parties forgot: Massachusetts, under a law signed by former Republican Gov. Mitt Romney, already ensures that 97 percent of its residents have health care.
Sen.-elect Scott Brown, R-Mass., who voted for and still supports his state's universal health-care law, discussed this Wednesday at a post-election news conference.
"There are some very good things in the national plan that's being proposed, but if you look at — and really almost in a parochial manner — we need to look out for Massachusetts first," Brown said. "The thing I'm hearing all throughout the state is, 'What about us?'"
Under the plan in Congress, Massachusetts could end up paying more so that states that have not expanded health-care access can do so.
Meanwhile, in exchange for their votes, Democratic senators from states like Nebraska and Louisiana received legal bribes in the form of increased federal contributions to their state's Medicaid programs, lessening the cost of health-care reform to those states.
In that context, plus the failure thus far by Democrats to turn the economy around and the anger over the bipartisan bailout of financial institutions, the Massachusetts vote makes complete sense.
But it is one election. Congress should not start over. Some have suggested passing a scaled-down bill with Republican support. Even if scaling back was a good idea, the Republican leaders in both houses have made it clear that their only priority is making sure the bill fails.
That's unfortunate. Democrats have adopted many Republican ideas from what really is a six-decade debate going back to President Harry Truman. We hope at least a few Republican members will take a break from their victory dance long enough to use their new leverage to get additional money-saving ideas inserted into the bill.
Medical malpractice reform, the GOP's pet health-care reform idea, would save the government $41 billion over the next 10 years, according to the Congressional Budget Office. That's in addition to the $132 billion that would be saved under the Senate Democratic bill as it exists today.
Reforming health care to get near-universal access, by its nature, must be sweeping because the system has so many moving parts. Tinkering with one area has consequences in another.
For example, if it wants to keep the private insurance system intact, Congress can't simply ban the insurance industry's practice of refusing to insure sick people.
Why not? Introducing people with pre-existing health conditions to the system increases the industry's risk. Nearly all healthy people also have to be put into the system to dilute the risk pool.
To do that, insurance has to be made affordable for poor and middle-income people via subsidies. Those subsidies have to be funded.
The legislation in the Senate, while far from perfect, was a result of months of careful thinking and negotiation about how to deal with each issue.
House Speaker Nancy Pelosi, D-Calif., said she does not have the votes today for House passage of the Senate's bill. She needs to find them and send the bill to the president for his signature. Then, Congress should pass a cleanup bill that removes special favors and makes other changes that lawmakers from both houses — hopefully a bipartisan group — agree upon.
State Journal-Register


text:
We've recently changed the audio format for our live stream in order to improve the quality and to support more devices and services such as iHeartRadio.
Unfortunately, this means we can no longer support Internet Explorer for listening to our live stream as it does not support the new format. Please see our Streaming Guide for alternative ways to listen to our live stream on your computer, mobile or smart speaker devices.
Sorry for any inconvenience this may cause!
Wednesday 21st August / presented by Taylah Strano
It's a year of firsts at RTRFM. General Manager Karen Lee, Chair of the RTRFM Board James Hall and first-time Breakfast presenter Taylah Strano all gathered this morning to get into the nitty gritty of Radiothon.
With just a few days to go Karen, James & Taylah reflected on their own love of The Sound Alternative and why listeners out there should get involved.
You can show your support too by subscribing and donating during Radiothon 2019.
All live musical performances are included in our podcasts with the express permission of artists, who reserve all other rights in their music. All music used in our podcasts is licensed under an APRA Community Broadcasting license agreement.
Friday 5th June
It was a gentle wake up this morning when JMO joined you for Friday Mix. For 30 minutes […]
Friday 5th June
This week the Perth Festival released its Social Impact Report for its wildly successful 2020 season. […]
Friday 5th June
Dr Sam Han chats with Chris Wheeldon about current civil unrest in the USA and dealing […]
Friday 5th June
The Gemini Men and Streaming Sister Strano (if you know, you know) reunite for another instalment of Movie […]
Friday 5th June
A recent report published by the WA Department of Health has highlighted the significant cost and […]
Friday 5th June
With protests in the U.S and Australia this week, it was hard to keep track of fact, fiction and where to from here. Here's a look at what we covered on The Sound Alternative.
Friday 5th June
PIC: Jim Hall | In the U.S frustrations over police brutality and a Black American's death in custody have taken centre stage at the beginning of June. Meanwhile Australia reflects on the staggering number of Aboriginal Deaths in Custody.
Friday 5th June
With restrictions and travel regions relaxing in the state, business have an opportunity to spring back […]


text:
Parallel computing
Parallel computing is a form of computation in which many calculations are carried out simultaneously,[1] operating on the principle that large problems can often be divided into smaller ones, which are then solved concurrently ("in parallel"). There are several different forms of parallel computing: bit-level, instruction level, data, and task parallelism. Parallelism has been employed for many years, mainly in high-performance computing, but interest in it has grown lately due to the physical constraints preventing frequency scaling.[2] As power consumption (and consequently heat generation) by computers has become a concern in recent years,[3] parallel computing has become the dominant paradigm in computer architecture, mainly in the form of multi-core processors.[4]
Parallel computers can be roughly classified according to the level at which the hardware supports parallelism, with multi-core and multi-processor computers having multiple processing elements within a single machine, while clusters, MPPs, and grids use multiple computers to work on the same task. Specialized parallel computer architectures are sometimes used alongside traditional processors, for accelerating specific tasks.
Parallel computer programs are more difficult to write than sequential ones,[5] because concurrency introduces several new classes of potential software bugs, of which race conditions are the most common. Communication and synchronization between the different subtasks are typically some of the greatest obstacles to getting good parallel program performance.
The maximum possible speed-up of a single program as a result of parallelization is known as Amdahl's law.
Traditionally, computer software has been written for serial computation. To solve a problem, an algorithm is constructed and implemented as a serial stream of instructions. These instructions are executed on a central processing unit on one computer. Only one instruction may execute at a time—after that instruction is finished, the next is executed.[6]
Parallel computing, on the other hand, uses multiple processing elements simultaneously to solve a problem. This is accomplished by breaking the problem into independent parts so that each processing element can execute its part of the algorithm simultaneously with the others. The processing elements can be diverse and include resources such as a single computer with multiple processors, several networked computers, specialized hardware, or any combination of the above.[6]
Frequency scaling was the dominant reason for improvements in computer performance from the mid-1980s until 2004. The runtime of a program is equal to the number of instructions multiplied by the average time per instruction. Maintaining everything else constant, increasing the clock frequency decreases the average time it takes to execute an instruction. An increase in frequency thus decreases runtime for all compute-bound programs.[7]
However, power consumption by a chip is given by the equation P = C × V2 × F, where P is power, C is the capacitance being switched per clock cycle (proportional to the number of transistors whose inputs change), V is voltage, and F is the processor frequency (cycles per second).[8] Increases in frequency increase the amount of power used in a processor. Increasing processor power consumption led ultimately to Intel's May 2004 cancellation of its Tejas and Jayhawk processors, which is generally cited as the end of frequency scaling as the dominant computer architecture paradigm.[9]
Moore's Law is the empirical observation that transistor density in a microprocessor doubles every 18 to 24 months.[10] Despite power consumption issues, and repeated predictions of its end, Moore's law is still in effect. With the end of frequency scaling, these additional transistors (which are no longer used for frequency scaling) can be used to add extra hardware for parallel computing.
Amdahl's law and Gustafson's law
Optimally, the speed-up from parallelization would be linear—doubling the number of processing elements should halve the runtime, and doubling it a second time should again halve the runtime. However, very few parallel algorithms achieve optimal speed-up. Most of them have a near-linear speed-up for small numbers of processing elements, which flattens out into a constant value for large numbers of processing elements.
The potential speed-up of an algorithm on a parallel computing platform is given by Amdahl's law, originally formulated by Gene Amdahl in the 1960s.[11] It states that a small portion of the program which cannot be parallelized will limit the overall speed-up available from parallelization. A program solving a large mathematical or engineering problem will typically consist of several parallelizable parts and several non-parallelizable (sequential) parts. If is the fraction of running time a program spends on non-parallelizable parts, then:
is the maximum speed-up with parallelization of the program, with P being the number of processors used. If the sequential portion of a program accounts for 10% of the runtime (), we can get no more than a 10× speed-up, regardless of how many processors are added. This puts an upper limit on the usefulness of adding more parallel execution units. "When a task cannot be partitioned because of sequential constraints, the application of more effort has no effect on the schedule. The bearing of a child takes nine months, no matter how many women are assigned."[12]
Gustafson's law is another law in computing, closely related to Amdahl's law.[13] It states that the speedup with processors is
Both Amdahl's law and Gustafson's law assume that the running time of the sequential portion of the program is independent of the number of processors. Amdahl's law assumes that the entire problem is of fixed size so that the total amount of work to be done in parallel is also independent of the number of processors, whereas Gustafson's law assumes that the total amount of work to be done in parallel varies linearly with the number of processors.
Understanding data dependencies is fundamental in implementing parallel algorithms. No program can run more quickly than the longest chain of dependent calculations (known as the critical path), since calculations that depend upon prior calculations in the chain must be executed in order. However, most algorithms do not consist of just a long chain of dependent calculations; there are usually opportunities to execute independent calculations in parallel.
Let Pi and Pj be two program segments. Bernstein's conditions[14] describe when the two are independent and can be executed in parallel. For Pi, let Ii be all of the input variables and Oi the output variables, and likewise for Pj. P i and Pj are independent if they satisfy
Violation of the first condition introduces a flow dependency, corresponding to the first segment producing a result used by the second segment. The second condition represents an anti-dependency, when the second segment (Pj) produces a variable needed by the first segment (Pi). The third and final condition represents an output dependency: When two segments write to the same location, the result comes from the logically last executed segment.[15]
Consider the following functions, which demonstrate several kinds of dependencies:
1: function Dep(a, b) 2: c := a·b 3: d := 3·c 4: end function
Operation 3 in Dep(a, b) cannot be executed before (or even in parallel with) operation 2, because operation 3 uses a result from operation 2. It violates condition 1, and thus introduces a flow dependency.
1: function NoDep(a, b) 2: c := a·b 3: d := 3·b 4: e := a+b 5: end function
In this example, there are no dependencies between the instructions, so they can all be run in parallel.
Bernstein's conditions do not allow memory to be shared between different processes. For that, some means of enforcing an ordering between accesses is necessary, such as semaphores, barriers or some other synchronization method.
Race conditions, mutual exclusion, synchronization, and parallel slowdown
Subtasks in a parallel program are often called threads. Some parallel computer architectures use smaller, lightweight versions of threads known as fibers, while others use bigger versions known as processes. However, "threads" is generally accepted as a generic term for subtasks. Threads will often need to update some variable that is shared between them. The instructions between the two programs may be interleaved in any order. For example, consider the following program:
|Thread A
|Thread B
|1A: Read variable V
|1B: Read variable V
|2A: Add 1 to variable V
|2B: Add 1 to variable V
|3A: Write back to variable V
|3B: Write back to variable V
If instruction 1B is executed between 1A and 3A, or if instruction 1A is executed between 1B and 3B, the program will produce incorrect data. This is known as a race condition. The programmer must use a lock to provide mutual exclusion. A lock is a programming language construct that allows one thread to take control of a variable and prevent other threads from reading or writing it, until that variable is unlocked. The thread holding the lock is free to execute its critical section (the section of a program that requires exclusive access to some variable), and to unlock the data when it is finished. Therefore, to guarantee correct program execution, the above program can be rewritten to use locks:
|Thread A
|Thread B
|1A: Lock variable V
|1B: Lock variable V
|2A: Read variable V
|2B: Read variable V
|3A: Add 1 to variable V
|3B: Add 1 to variable V
|4A: Write back to variable V
|4B: Write back to variable V
|5A: Unlock variable V
|5B: Unlock variable V
One thread will successfully lock variable V, while the other thread will be locked out—unable to proceed until V is unlocked again. This guarantees correct execution of the program. Locks, while necessary to ensure correct program execution, can greatly slow a program.
Locking multiple variables using non-atomic locks introduces the possibility of program deadlock. An atomic lock locks multiple variables all at once. If it cannot lock all of them, it does not lock any of them. If two threads each need to lock the same two variables using non-atomic locks, it is possible that one thread will lock one of them and the second thread will lock the second variable. In such a case, neither thread can complete, and deadlock results.
Many parallel programs require that their subtasks act in synchrony. This requires the use of a barrier. Barriers are typically implemented using a software lock. One class of algorithms, known as lock-free and wait-free algorithms, altogether avoids the use of locks and barriers. However, this approach is generally difficult to implement and requires correctly designed data structures.
Not all parallelization results in speed-up. Generally, as a task is split up into more and more threads, those threads spend an ever-increasing portion of their time communicating with each other. Eventually, the overhead from communication dominates the time spent solving the problem, and further parallelization (that is, splitting the workload over even more threads) increases rather than decreases the amount of time required to finish. This is known as parallel slowdown.
Fine-grained, coarse-grained, and embarrassing parallelism
Applications are often classified according to how often their subtasks need to synchronize or communicate with each other. An application exhibits fine-grained parallelism if its subtasks must communicate many times per second; it exhibits coarse-grained parallelism if they do not communicate many times per second, and it is embarrassingly parallel if they rarely or never have to communicate. Embarrassingly parallel applications are considered the easiest to parallelize.
Consistency models
Parallel programming languages and parallel computers must have a consistency model (also known as a memory model). The consistency model defines rules for how operations on computer memory occur and how results are produced.
One of the first consistency models was Leslie Lamport's sequential consistency model. Sequential consistency is the property of a parallel program that its parallel execution produces the same results as a sequential program. Specifically, a program is sequentially consistent if "... the results of any execution is the same as if the operations of all the processors were executed in some sequential order, and the operations of each individual processor appear in this sequence in the order specified by its program".[16]
Software transactional memory is a common type of consistency model. Software transactional memory borrows from database theory the concept of atomic transactions and applies them to memory accesses.
Mathematically, these models can be represented in several ways. Petri nets, which were introduced in Carl Adam Petri's 1962 doctoral thesis, were an early attempt to codify the rules of consistency models. Dataflow theory later built upon these, and Dataflow architectures were created to physically implement the ideas of dataflow theory. Beginning in the late 1970s, process calculi such as Calculus of Communicating Systems and Communicating Sequential Processes were developed to permit algebraic reasoning about systems composed of interacting components. More recent additions to the process calculus family, such as the π-calculus, have added the capability for reasoning about dynamic topologies. Logics such as Lamport's TLA+, and mathematical models such as traces and Actor event diagrams, have also been developed to describe the behavior of concurrent systems.
Flynn's taxonomy
Michael J. Flynn created one of the earliest classification systems for parallel (and sequential) computers and programs, now known as Flynn's taxonomy. Flynn classified programs and computers by whether they were operating using a single set or multiple sets of instructions, and whether or not those instructions were using a single set or multiple sets of data.
|Single instruction
|Multiple instruction
|Single data
|Multiple data
The single-instruction-single-data (SISD) classification is equivalent to an entirely sequential program. The single-instruction-multiple-data (SIMD) classification is analogous to doing the same operation repeatedly over a large data set. This is commonly done in signal processing applications. Multiple-instruction-single-data (MISD) is a rarely used classification. While computer architectures to deal with this were devised (such as systolic arrays), few applications that fit this class materialized. Multiple-instruction-multiple-data (MIMD) programs are by far the most common type of parallel programs.
According to David A. Patterson and John L. Hennessy, "Some machines are hybrids of these categories, of course, but this classic model has survived because it is simple, easy to understand, and gives a good first approximation. It is also—perhaps because of its understandability—the most widely used scheme."[17]
Types of parallelism
Bit-level parallelism
{{#invoke:main|main}} From the advent of very-large-scale integration (VLSI) computer-chip fabrication technology in the 1970s until about 1986, speed-up in computer architecture was driven by doubling computer word size—the amount of information the processor can manipulate per cycle.[18] Increasing the word size reduces the number of instructions the processor must execute to perform an operation on variables whose sizes are greater than the length of the word. For example, where an 8-bit processor must add two 16-bit integers, the processor must first add the 8 lower-order bits from each integer using the standard addition instruction, then add the 8 higher-order bits using an add-with-carry instruction and the carry bit from the lower order addition; thus, an 8-bit processor requires two instructions to complete a single operation, where a 16-bit processor would be able to complete the operation with a single instruction.
Historically, 4-bit microprocessors were replaced with 8-bit, then 16-bit, then 32-bit microprocessors. This trend generally came to an end with the introduction of 32-bit processors, which has been a standard in general-purpose computing for two decades. Not until recently (c. 2003–2004), with the advent of x86-64 architectures, have 64-bit processors become commonplace.
Instruction-level parallelism
A computer program, is in essence, a stream of instructions executed by a processor. These instructions can be re-ordered and combined into groups which are then executed in parallel without changing the result of the program. This is known as instruction-level parallelism. Advances in instruction-level parallelism dominated computer architecture from the mid-1980s until the mid-1990s.[19]
Modern processors have multi-stage instruction pipelines. Each stage in the pipeline corresponds to a different action the processor performs on that instruction in that stage; a processor with an N-stage pipeline can have up to N different instructions at different stages of completion. The canonical example of a pipelined processor is a RISC processor, with five stages: instruction fetch, decode, execute, memory access, and write back. The Pentium 4 processor had a 35-stage pipeline.[20]
In addition to instruction-level parallelism from pipelining, some processors can issue more than one instruction at a time. These are known as superscalar processors. Instructions can be grouped together only if there is no data dependency between them. Scoreboarding and the Tomasulo algorithm (which is similar to scoreboarding but makes use of register renaming) are two of the most common techniques for implementing out-of-order execution and instruction-level parallelism.
Task parallelism
{{#invoke:main|main}} Task parallelism is the characteristic of a parallel program that "entirely different calculations can be performed on either the same or different sets of data".[21] This contrasts with data parallelism, where the same calculation is performed on the same or different sets of data. Task parallelism involves the decomposition of a task into sub-tasks and then allocating each sub-task to a processor for execution. The processors would then execute these sub-tasks simultaneously and often cooperatively. Task parallelism does not usually scale with the size of a problem.[22]
Memory and communication
Main memory in a parallel computer is either shared memory (shared between all processing elements in a single address space), or distributed memory (in which each processing element has its own local address space).[23] Distributed memory refers to the fact that the memory is logically distributed, but often implies that it is physically distributed as well. Distributed shared memory and memory virtualization combine the two approaches, where the processing element has its own local memory and access to the memory on non-local processors. Accesses to local memory are typically faster than accesses to non-local memory.
Computer architectures in which each element of main memory can be accessed with equal latency and bandwidth are known as Uniform Memory Access (UMA) systems. Typically, that can be achieved only by a shared memory system, in which the memory is not physically distributed. A system that does not have this property is known as a Non-Uniform Memory Access (NUMA) architecture. Distributed memory systems have non-uniform memory access.
Computer systems make use of caches—small, fast memories located close to the processor which store temporary copies of memory values (nearby in both the physical and logical sense). Parallel computer systems have difficulties with caches that may store the same value in more than one location, with the possibility of incorrect program execution. These computers require a cache coherency system, which keeps track of cached values and strategically purges them, thus ensuring correct program execution. Bus snooping is one of the most common methods for keeping track of which values are being accessed (and thus should be purged). Designing large, high-performance cache coherence systems is a very difficult problem in computer architecture. As a result, shared-memory computer architectures do not scale as well as distributed memory systems do.[23]
Processor–processor and processor–memory communication can be implemented in hardware in several ways, including via shared (either multiported or multiplexed) memory, a crossbar switch, a shared bus or an interconnect network of a myriad of topologies including star, ring, tree, hypercube, fat hypercube (a hypercube with more than one processor at a node), or n-dimensional mesh.
Parallel computers based on interconnect networks need to have some kind of routing to enable the passing of messages between nodes that are not directly connected. The medium used for communication between the processors is likely to be hierarchical in large multiprocessor machines.
Classes of parallel computers
Parallel computers can be roughly classified according to the level at which the hardware supports parallelism. This classification is broadly analogous to the distance between basic computing nodes. These are not mutually exclusive; for example, clusters of symmetric multiprocessors are relatively common.
Multicore computing
{{#invoke:main|main}} A multicore processor is a processor that includes multiple execution units ("cores") on the same chip. These processors differ from superscalar processors, which can issue multiple instructions per cycle from one instruction stream (thread); in contrast, a multicore processor can issue multiple instructions per cycle from multiple instruction streams. IBM's Cell microprocessor, designed for use in the Sony PlayStation 3, is another prominent multicore processor.
Each core in a multicore processor can potentially be superscalar as well—that is, on every cycle, each core can issue multiple instructions from one instruction stream. Simultaneous multithreading (of which Intel's HyperThreading is the best known) was an early form of pseudo-multicoreism. A processor capable of simultaneous multithreading has only one execution unit ("core"), but when that execution unit is idling (such as during a cache miss), it uses that execution unit to process a second thread.
Symmetric multiprocessing
{{#invoke:main|main}} A symmetric multiprocessor (SMP) is a computer system with multiple identical processors that share memory and connect via a bus.[24] Bus contention prevents bus architectures from scaling. As a result, SMPs generally do not comprise more than 32 processors.[25] "Because of the small size of the processors and the significant reduction in the requirements for bus bandwidth achieved by large caches, such symmetric multiprocessors are extremely cost-effective, provided that a sufficient amount of memory bandwidth exists."[24]
Distributed computing
{{#invoke:main|main}} A distributed computer (also known as a distributed memory multiprocessor) is a distributed memory computer system in which the processing elements are connected by a network. Distributed computers are highly scalable.
Cluster computing
A cluster is a group of loosely coupled computers that work together closely, so that in some respects they can be regarded as a single computer.[26] Clusters are composed of multiple standalone machines connected by a network. While machines in a cluster do not have to be symmetric, load balancing is more difficult if they are not. The most common type of cluster is the Beowulf cluster, which is a cluster implemented on multiple identical commercial off-the-shelf computers connected with a TCP/IP Ethernet local area network.[27] Beowulf technology was originally developed by Thomas Sterling and Donald Becker. The vast majority of the TOP500 supercomputers are clusters.[28]
Massive parallel processing
A massively parallel processor (MPP) is a single computer with many networked processors. MPPs have many of the same characteristics as clusters, but MPPs have specialized interconnect networks (whereas clusters use commodity hardware for networking). MPPs also tend to be larger than clusters, typically having "far more" than 100 processors.[29] In a MPP, "each CPU contains its own memory and copy of the operating system and application. Each subsystem communicates with the others via a high-speed interconnect."[30]
Blue Gene/L, the fifth fastest supercomputer in the world according to the June 2009 TOP500 ranking, is a MPP.
Grid computing
{{#invoke:main|main}} Grid computing is the most distributed form of parallel computing. It makes use of computers communicating over the Internet to work on a given problem. Because of the low bandwidth and extremely high latency available on the Internet, distributed computing typically deals only with embarrassingly parallel problems. Many distributed computing applications have been created, of which SETI@home and Folding@home are the best-known examples.[31]
Most grid computing applications use middleware, software that sits between the operating system and the application to manage network resources and standardize the software interface. The most common distributed computing middleware is the Berkeley Open Infrastructure for Network Computing (BOINC). Often, distributed computing software makes use of "spare cycles", performing computations at times when a computer is idling.
Specialized parallel computers
Within parallel computing, there are specialized parallel devices that remain niche areas of interest. While not domain-specific, they tend to be applicable to only a few classes of parallel problems.
Reconfigurable computing with field-programmable gate arrays
Reconfigurable computing is the use of a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) as a co-processor to a general-purpose computer. An FPGA is, in essence, a computer chip that can rewire itself for a given task.
FPGAs can be programmed with hardware description languages such as VHDL or Verilog. However, programming in these languages can be tedious. Several vendors have created C to HDL languages that attempt to emulate the syntax and semantics of the C programming language, with which most programmers are familiar. The best known C to HDL languages are Mitrion-C, Impulse C, DIME-C, and Handel-C. Specific subsets of SystemC based on C++ can also be used for this purpose.
AMD's decision to open its HyperTransport technology to third-party vendors has become the enabling technology for high-performance reconfigurable computing.[32] According to Michael R. D'Amour, Chief Operating Officer of DRC Computer Corporation, "when we first walked into AMD, they called us 'the socket stealers.' Now they call us their partners."[32]
General-purpose computing on graphics processing units (GPGPU)
General-purpose computing on graphics processing units (GPGPU) is a fairly recent trend in computer engineering research. GPUs are co-processors that have been heavily optimized for computer graphics processing.[33] Computer graphics processing is a field dominated by data parallel operations—particularly linear algebra matrix operations.
In the early days, GPGPU programs used the normal graphics APIs for executing programs. However, several new programming languages and platforms have been built to do general purpose computation on GPUs with both Nvidia and AMD releasing programming environments with CUDA and Stream SDK respectively. Other GPU programming languages include BrookGPU, PeakStream, and RapidMind. Nvidia has also released specific products for computation in their Tesla series. The technology consortium Khronos Group has released the OpenCL specification, which is a framework for writing programs that execute across platforms consisting of CPUs and GPUs. AMD, Apple, Intel, Nvidia and others are supporting OpenCL.
Application-specific integrated circuits
{{#invoke:main|main}} Several application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) approaches have been devised for dealing with parallel applications.[34][35][36]
Because an ASIC is (by definition) specific to a given application, it can be fully optimized for that application. As a result, for a given application, an ASIC tends to outperform a general-purpose computer. However, ASICs are created by X-ray lithography. This process requires a mask, which can be extremely expensive. A single mask can cost over a million US dollars.[37] (The smaller the transistors required for the chip, the more expensive the mask will be.) Meanwhile, performance increases in general-purpose computing over time (as described by Moore's Law) tend to wipe out these gains in only one or two chip generations.[32] High initial cost, and the tendency to be overtaken by Moore's-law-driven general-purpose computing, has rendered ASICs unfeasible for most parallel computing applications. However, some have been built. One example is the peta-flop RIKEN MDGRAPE-3 machine which uses custom ASICs for molecular dynamics simulation.
Vector processors
A vector processor is a CPU or computer system that can execute the same instruction on large sets of data. "Vector processors have high-level operations that work on linear arrays of numbers or vectors. An example vector operation is A = B × C, where A, B, and C are each 64-element vectors of 64-bit floating-point numbers."[38] They are closely related to Flynn's SIMD classification.[38]
Cray computers became famous for their vector-processing computers in the 1970s and 1980s. However, vector processors—both as CPUs and as full computer systems—have generally disappeared. Modern processor instruction sets do include some vector processing instructions, such as with AltiVec and Streaming SIMD Extensions (SSE).
Parallel programming languages
{{#invoke:main|main}} Concurrent programming languages, libraries, APIs, and parallel programming models (such as Algorithmic Skeletons) have been created for programming parallel computers. These can generally be divided into classes based on the assumptions they make about the underlying memory architecture—shared memory, distributed memory, or shared distributed memory. Shared memory programming languages communicate by manipulating shared memory variables. Distributed memory uses message passing. POSIX Threads and OpenMP are two of most widely used shared memory APIs, whereas Message Passing Interface (MPI) is the most widely used message-passing system API.[39] One concept used in programming parallel programs is the future concept, where one part of a program promises to deliver a required datum to another part of a program at some future time.
CAPS entreprise and Pathscale are also coordinating their effort to make HMPP (Hybrid Multicore Parallel Programming) directives an Open Standard called OpenHMPP. The OpenHMPP directive-based programming model offers a syntax to efficiently offload computations on hardware accelerators and to optimize data movement to/from the hardware memory. OpenHMPP directives describe remote procedure call (RPC) on an accelerator device (e.g. GPU) or more generally a set of cores. The directives annotate C or Fortran codes to describe two sets of functionalities: the offloading of procedures (denoted codelets) onto a remote device and the optimization of data transfers between the CPU main memory and the accelerator memory.
Automatic parallelization
{{#invoke:main|main}} Automatic parallelization of a sequential program by a compiler is the holy grail of parallel computing. Despite decades of work by compiler researchers, automatic parallelization has had only limited success.[40]
Mainstream parallel programming languages remain either explicitly parallel or (at best) partially implicit, in which a programmer gives the compiler directives for parallelization. A few fully implicit parallel programming languages exist—SISAL, Parallel Haskell, System C (for FPGAs), Mitrion-C, VHDL, and Verilog.
Application checkpointing
{{#invoke:main|main}} As a computer system grows in complexity, the mean time between failures usually decreases. Application checkpointing is a technique whereby the computer system takes a "snapshot" of the application — a record of all current resource allocations and variable states, akin to a core dump; this information can be used to restore the program if the computer should fail. Application checkpointing means that the program has to restart from only its last checkpoint rather than the beginning. While checkpointing provides benefits in a variety of situations, it is especially useful in highly parallel systems with a large number of processors used in high performance computing.[41]
Algorithmic methods
As parallel computers become larger and faster, it becomes feasible to solve problems that previously took too long to run. Parallel computing is used in a wide range of fields, from bioinformatics (protein folding and sequence analysis) to economics (mathematical finance). Common types of problems found in parallel computing applications are:[42]
- Dense linear algebra
- Sparse linear algebra
- Spectral methods (such as Cooley–Tukey fast Fourier transform)
- n-body problems (such as Barnes–Hut simulation)
- Structured grid problems (such as Lattice Boltzmann methods)
- Unstructured grid problems (such as found in finite element analysis)
- Monte Carlo simulation
- Combinational logic (such as brute-force cryptographic techniques)
- Graph traversal (such as sorting algorithms)
- Dynamic programming
- Branch and bound methods
- Graphical models (such as detecting hidden Markov models and constructing Bayesian networks)
- Finite-state machine simulation
Template:Rellink Template:Section expand Parallel computing can also be applied to the design of fault-tolerant computer systems, particularly via lockstep systems performing the same operation in parallel. This provides redundancy in case one component should fail, and also allows automatic error detection and error correction if the results differ.
The origins of true (MIMD) parallelism go back to Federico Luigi, Conte Menabrea and his "Sketch of the Analytic Engine Invented by Charles Babbage".[44][45] IBM introduced the 704 in 1954, through a project in which Gene Amdahl was one of the principal architects. It became the first commercially available computer to use fully automatic floating point arithmetic commands.[46]
In April 1958, S. Gill (Ferranti) discussed parallel programming and the need for branching and waiting.[47] Also in 1958, IBM researchers John Cocke and Daniel Slotnick discussed the use of parallelism in numerical calculations for the first time.[48] Burroughs Corporation introduced the D825 in 1962, a four-processor computer that accessed up to 16 memory modules through a crossbar switch.[49] In 1967, Amdahl and Slotnick published a debate about the feasibility of parallel processing at American Federation of Information Processing Societies Conference.[48] It was during this debate that Amdahl's Law was coined to define the limit of speed-up due to parallelism.
In 1969, US company Honeywell introduced its first Multics system, a symmetric multiprocessor system capable of running up to eight processors in parallel.[48] C.mmp, a 1970s multi-processor project at Carnegie Mellon University, was "among the first multiprocessors with more than a few processors".[45] "The first bus-connected multi-processor with snooping caches was the Synapse N+1 in 1984."[45]
SIMD parallel computers can be traced back to the 1970s. The motivation behind early SIMD computers was to amortize the gate delay of the processor's control unit over multiple instructions.[50] In 1964, Slotnick had proposed building a massively parallel computer for the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.[48] His design was funded by the US Air Force, which was the earliest SIMD parallel-computing effort, ILLIAC IV.[48] The key to its design was a fairly high parallelism, with up to 256 processors, which allowed the machine to work on large datasets in what would later be known as vector processing. However, ILLIAC IV was called "the most infamous of Supercomputers", because the project was only one fourth completed, but took 11 years and cost almost four times the original estimate.[43] When it was finally ready to run its first real application in 1976, it was outperformed by existing commercial supercomputers such as the Cray-1.
See also
- List of important publications in concurrent, parallel, and distributed computing
- List of distributed computing conferences
- Concurrency (computer science)
- Synchronous programming
- Content Addressable Parallel Processor
- Transputer
- ↑ {{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=book }}
- ↑ S.V. Adve et al. (November 2008). "Parallel Computing Research at Illinois: The UPCRC Agenda" (PDF). Parallel@Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. "The main techniques for these performance benefits – increased clock frequency and smarter but increasingly complex architectures – are now hitting the so-called power wall. The computer industry has accepted that future performance increases must largely come from increasing the number of processors (or cores) on a die, rather than making a single core go faster."
- ↑ Asanovic et al. Old [conventional wisdom]: Power is free, but transistors are expensive. New [conventional wisdom] is [that] power is expensive, but transistors are "free".
- ↑ Asanovic, Krste et al. (December 18, 2006). "The Landscape of Parallel Computing Research: A View from Berkeley" (PDF). University of California, Berkeley. Technical Report No. UCB/EECS-2006-183. "Old [conventional wisdom]: Increasing clock frequency is the primary method of improving processor performance. New [conventional wisdom]: Increasing parallelism is the primary method of improving processor performance ... Even representatives from Intel, a company generally associated with the 'higher clock-speed is better' position, warned that traditional approaches to maximizing performance through maximizing clock speed have been pushed to their limit."
- ↑ {{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=book }}
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Template:Cite web
- ↑ {{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=book }}
- ↑ {{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=book }}
- ↑ Template:Cite news
- ↑ Template:Cite web
- ↑ {{#invoke:Citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=journal }}
- ↑ {{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=book }}
- ↑ {{#invoke:Citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=journal }}
- ↑ {{#invoke:Citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=journal }}
- ↑ {{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=book }}
- ↑ {{#invoke:Citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=journal }}
- ↑ Patterson and Hennessy, p. 748.
- ↑ {{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=book }}
- ↑ Culler et al. p. 15.
- ↑ Patt, Yale (April 2004). "The Microprocessor Ten Years From Now: What Are The Challenges, How Do We Meet Them? (wmv). Distinguished Lecturer talk at Carnegie Mellon University. Retrieved on November 7, 2007.
- ↑ Culler et al. p. 124.
- ↑ Culler et al. p. 125.
- ↑ 23.0 23.1 Patterson and Hennessy, p. 713.
- ↑ 24.0 24.1 Hennessy and Patterson, p. 549.
- ↑ Patterson and Hennessy, p. 714.
- ↑ What is clustering? Webopedia computer dictionary. Retrieved on November 7, 2007.
- ↑ Beowulf definition. PC Magazine. Retrieved on November 7, 2007.
- ↑ Architecture share for 06/2007. TOP500 Supercomputing Sites. Clusters make up 74.60% of the machines on the list. Retrieved on November 7, 2007.
- ↑ Hennessy and Patterson, p. 537.
- ↑ MPP Definition. PC Magazine. Retrieved on November 7, 2007.
- ↑ {{#invoke:Citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=journal }}
- ↑ 32.0 32.1 32.2 D'Amour, Michael R., Chief Operating Officer, DRC Computer Corporation. "Standard Reconfigurable Computing". Invited speaker at the University of Delaware, February 28, 2007.
- ↑ Boggan, Sha'Kia and Daniel M. Pressel (August 2007). GPUs: An Emerging Platform for General-Purpose Computation (PDF). ARL-SR-154, U.S. Army Research Lab. Retrieved on November 7, 2007.
- ↑ Maslennikov, Oleg (2002). "Systematic Generation of Executing Programs for Processor Elements in Parallel ASIC or FPGA-Based Systems and Their Transformation into VHDL-Descriptions of Processor Element Control Units". Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2328/2002: p. 272.
- ↑ {{#invoke:Citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=journal }}
- ↑ {{#invoke:Citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=journal }}
- ↑ Kahng, Andrew B. (June 21, 2004) "Scoping the Problem of DFM in the Semiconductor Industry." University of California, San Diego. "Future design for manufacturing (DFM) technology must reduce design [non-recoverable expenditure] cost and directly address manufacturing [non-recoverable expenditures] – the cost of a mask set and probe card – which is well over $1 million at the 90 nm technology node and creates a significant damper on semiconductor-based innovation."
- ↑ 38.0 38.1 Patterson and Hennessy, p. 751.
- ↑ The Sidney Fernbach Award given to MPI inventor Bill Gropp refers to MPI as "the dominant HPC communications interface"
- ↑ {{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=book }}
- ↑ Encyclopedia of Parallel Computing, Volume 4 by David Padua 2011 ISBN 0387097651 page 265
- ↑ Asanovic, Krste, et al. (December 18, 2006). The Landscape of Parallel Computing Research: A View from Berkeley (PDF). University of California, Berkeley. Technical Report No. UCB/EECS-2006-183. See table on pages 17–19.
- ↑ 43.0 43.1 Patterson and Hennessy, pp. 749–50: "Although successful in pushing several technologies useful in later projects, the ILLIAC IV failed as a computer. Costs escalated from the $8 million estimated in 1966 to $31 million by 1972, despite the construction of only a quarter of the planned machine ... It was perhaps the most infamous of supercomputers. The project started in 1965 and ran its first real application in 1976."
- ↑ Menabrea, L. F. (1842). Sketch of the Analytic Engine Invented by Charles Babbage. Bibliothèque Universelle de Genève. Retrieved on November 7, 2007.
- ↑ 45.0 45.1 45.2 Patterson and Hennessy, p. 753.
- ↑ Template:Cite web
- ↑ Parallel Programming, S. Gill, The Computer Journal Vol. 1 #1, pp2-10, British Computer Society, April 1958.
- ↑ 48.0 48.1 48.2 48.3 48.4 Template:Cite web
- ↑ Template:Cite web
- ↑ Patterson and Hennessy, p. 749.
Further reading
- {{#invoke:Citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=journal }}
External links
Template:Spoken Wikipedia boilerplateTemplate:Ns0 Template:Sister
- Go Parallel: Translating Multicore Power into Application Performance
- Instructional videos on CAF in the Fortran Standard by John Reid (see Appendix B)
- Parallel computing on the Open Directory Project
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory: Introduction to Parallel Computing
- Comparing programmability of Open MP and pthreads
- What makes parallel programming hard?
- Designing and Building Parallel Programs, by Ian Foster
- Internet Parallel Computing Archive
- Parallel processing topic area at IEEE Distributed Computing Online
- Parallel Computing Works Free On-line Book
- Frontiers of Supercomputing Free On-line Book Covering topics like algorithms and industrial applications
- Universal Parallel Computing Research Center
- Course in Parallel Programming at Columbia University (in collaboration with IBM T.J Watson X10 project)
- Parallel and distributed Gr?obner bases computation in JAS
- Course in Parallel Computing at University of Wisconsin-Madison
- OpenHMPP, A New Standard for Manycore


text:
This review is for the Paint Pot in Painterly, and not as an eyeshadow but as an eye primer. Sadly living in humid Malaysia I find that my eyeliner runs everywhere (yes even THIS liner ran amok on very hot day!) and my eyeshadow fades. Unacceptable! So I discussed with Syen on eye primers, and decided that a Paint Pot in a nude shade offered the best value price-wise and performance (based on MUA reviews).
Painterly is THE perfect nude shade on me. It just disappears into my eye area, brightening it up ever-so-slightly. Some prefer Bare Canvas because it is shimmery, and who knows I may get it someday. However for a first shade, I felt that Painterly would be the best all-round investment as it creates a perfect canvas without altering the shadows used over it.
As a primer, this product certainly doesn't disappoint! My shadows apply more vibrantly over, and they last much much longer - even my loose mineral shadows. My eyeliner also stays put all day, it may fade slightly, but there is no smudging or running (thank goodness!). At the end of long, hot, sweaty days my eye makeup looks stunningly fresh.
I'll admit I've never used any other eye primer in my life, so I feel rather underqualified to judge this one's quality, happy though I am with it. When Syen gets a go at this, we'll append her more knowledgeable views. ; )
Applying from the pot though is killingly simple. You can use your finger, but I prefer to use the small Mac Concealer brush that came with a Christmas set I purchased many moons ago. A dab and a few quick swipes and the lid is done. The brush also allows me to apply a fine line of the product on my lower lids to help keep my rebellious liner in place. Very little product is needed and a pot is going to last me ages.
To aid blending I always swipe a light shimmery base powder shade over everything before proceeding with my mid tone and crease shades.
So thus begins my downfall as I slide ever deeper into the world of Mac fandom. How much longer will it be before I begin to collect their blushes and eyeshadows fanatically? I shudder at the thought whilst clutching my beloved Paint Pot.


text:
E.Eron necesitaba un nuevo diseño de logotipo y lanzó un concurso de diseño en 99designs.
Un ganador ha sido elegido entre 90 diseños de 34 diseñadores freelance.
The Suit Brokers
Suit Brokers is a youthful brand with a traditional and classical culture. We are a suit retailer who aims to provide high quality suits for the guy who is looking for a simple, cost-efficient solution, with personal experience. We don' t believe in the ready-to-wear solution that many guys turn to when in need of professional attire. We sell personalized suits that are tailored to specifically outline each customers personal silhouette. Our suits aren't just for the office place, but rather for life. The versatility that our suits offer, work to resurrect the ideology that a nice suit is the solution to many of life's attire question. In summation, suit broker is for the guy who wants that quality suit that looks good, but who isn't interested in spending huge amounts on designer labels, and wants a simple and easy shopping experience. It's for the guy that's more interested in looking good, than being stylish.
We are a retailer that operates more like a brokerage. As in, there aren't racks of options for customers to have to graze through. It's a very personal experience, but an efficient one; where only the best options are presented to customers. It's a complete removal of the shopping from the experience.
- For the guy entering the corporate work force, and needs good looking suits, but can't afford high-end brands
- For the guys who wears suits, but spends more than he has to for subpar results.
- For the non suit wearer that wants to expand his wardrobe
- For the guy that just wants a nice suit and none of the shopping experience.
Our audience are males who are looking for a simple, cost-efficient solution, with personal experience. Males, 18-35 who usually go to Express fashion or H&M for their suits.
We require a corporate logo which can be utilized in our web site, business cards and suit label. Stylish text logo with classic styling and a hint of modern flair.
Classic examples :
Modern examples:
No specific color requirement but nothing too flashy. Keep it sleek.
We have a good idea of what we want our logo to communicate, but no idea on how that communication looks in logo form. So we are open to any and everything!!
For final delivery we require the logo to be provided in all standard formats and in both color and monochrome.
We do not wish to have clip art or stock images in the logo and any representations of suits in the logo should be generic silhouettes rather than specific suits.
I am very happy to provide any clarification or guidance to interested parties should they wish to discuss before undertaking the creative process so please contact me.
Descubre cómo funciona un concurso de diseño u obtén más información sobre nuestros servicios de diseño de logo.


text:
Not make-believe: Kids can visit the neighborhood
It was an especially poignant moment when I learned that Fred Rogers had passed away. The man loomed especially large for me, because I was raised in Mister Rogers' neighborhood. Really.
I remember watching the first black-and-white programs as a child. They aired right before dinnertime, and I was a fan of Mister Rogers even before the show was available nationally. I grew up with shy Daniel Striped Tiger, flamboyant Lady Elaine Fairchilde, the nifty-galifty X the Owl, and meow Henrietta Pussycat. My sisters and I sewed our own puppets of King Friday XIII and Queen Sara Friday Saturday to make our own Neighborhood of Make-Believe. I even had the chance to shake hands with the great man himself.
Believe it or not, some of Mister Rogers' friends will be visiting our neighborhood, and adoring fans of the longest running children's television program ever will have the chance to go up and shake their real-life hands, too. The oh-so-energetic Speedy Delivery Man, Mr. McFeely, and not-so-ordinary Purple Panda will bring the spirit of Make-Believe to the Children's Museum of Richmond next weekend as part of a community festival theme, "Nurturing our Neighborhood."
Kids will also have the chance to become part of the Neighborhood of Make-Believe. Folks from public television's Community Idea Stations will lead drama projects that allow kids to jump right into the scene on some of Mister Rogers' memorable storylines. These folks will be hosting arts and crafts projects, too.
The weekend features a number of grown-up things such as lectures and seminars, including a keynote address by Ellen Galinsky, a leading authority on work-family issues and a key consultant to Fred Rogers for many years. Galinsky will speak on "The Ages and Stages of Parenthood."
Professor Margaret Mary Kimmel from the University of Pittsburgh, also a close associate of Rogers', will lead a workshop on "The Power of Story." Her focus will be on ways to instill a love of stories, books, and reading in young children. Afterward, she will practice what she preaches by telling some tales to the tots.
This is a rare opportunity for kids to see with their own eyes and touch with their own hands the real-life personalities who exist behind the TV screen. It's also a chance for parents to get some first-rate advice from the folks who gave Make-Believe its substance.
The Nurturing Our Neighborhood community festival comes to the Children's Museum of Richmond April 4-6. Friends from the Neighborhood of Make-Believe and Community Idea Station will be at the museum April 5 and 6 from 2-5pm. These activities are included in the price of admission: $6.50. Ellen Galinshy speaks on April 4 at 7:30pm at VCU's ALLTEL Pavilion. Tickets are $15. Margaret Mary Kimmel's workshop is at the museum on April 6 at 2pm. Tickets are $10 and include admission.


text:
"The Queen of the Universe" is very happy to announce that our premiere gala will take place in one of the most beautiful and historic venues, the Saban Theater. The event will be produced by Academy Award nominee Michael Ohoven.
"We are excited to have beautiful delegates from around the world coming together for one simple purpose: Create awareness and join forces to promote not only beauty and talent, but the interest in being advocates that truly promote education throughout the world because we believe it's the only way to a better future," said Joyce Giraud, president of Queen of the Universe.
"Our main charities are UNESCO (the United Nations Education Science and Cultural Organization), and Beverly Hills Temple of the Arts. But we are truly committed to working with charities around the world."
Oskar Rivera aka Mr Latino LA and Pili Montilla will be the Master of the Ceremony for the event. Oskar Rivera is one of the hottest Celebrity Host in the industry. He has worked with Lindsey Lohan, Eva Longoria, pitbull and many more. Once you meet Oskar, you will never forget him. Make sure you check out Pili Montilla amazing work at her official website www.pilimontilla.com.
Also the Latin Super Star and former Miss Universe Denise Quinones will be Debuting her Hit Single, "Yo no Soy yo Sin ti" from her newly released Album, Ruidos & Silencios.
About Infinity Media:
Infinity Media, Inc. specializes in the development, production and financing of high quality, commercially driven feature films. Based in Los Angeles, Infinity prides itself on bringing together the industry's foremost directors, writers, actors and creative talents to generate high-quality, creative content. Infinity maintains a strong understanding of the evolving domestic and international marketplace for film, television and new media. Infinity's objective is to produce exceptional creative properties made with recognizable talent in various genres. Infinity has taken on projects ranging from horror ("The Devil's Rejects," "Shadow People") to action ("Push") to comedy ("Just Friends," "Saved!") to prize winning and critically acclaimed dramas (the Academy-Award-winning "Capote").
About Queen of the Universe:
Queen of the Universe is an international beauty pageant created to empower and inspire women who are role models and are committed to using their lives to better the lives of others. Queen of the Universe is a non-political, non-partisan platform for young women to achieve personal growth and development; to create communication skills, learn time management and balance, and most of all, great opportunities to become ambassadors of their countries, showcasing their beauty, talent and culture.
For more information please visit: www.QueenUniversePageant.com.
Published on Jan 18, 2013


text:
|This article is about the version sung by Tina. You may be looking for the version sung by Blaine and Rachel.
Tonight from West Side Story is featured in Preggers, the fourth episode of Season One.
Rachel was planning on singing this song because she had told Will Schuester that she wanted anything from West Side Story and because she (incorrectly) believed that Natalie Wood, who played main character Maria in the film version, was Jewish like her; however, Will gave the solo to Tina because she hadn't had any solos yet. This caused Rachel to quit Glee Club for the majority of the episode.
Tina does not sing the full song and also struggles to hit the last note. With her confidence faltering, she tells Mr. Schuester to give the solo to Rachel, so she will stay and Glee Club will have a better chance of winning.
This was Tina's second solo on the show, however it was not released as a single.
Tonight, tonight
It all began tonight
I saw you and the world went away
Tonight, tonight
There's only you tonight
What you are, what you do, what you say
Today, all day I had the feeling
A miracle would happen
I know now I was right
For here you are
And what was just a world is a star
- The song was later re-sung in the Season Three episode, The First Time, performed by Blaine and Rachel.
- This is the second song Tina sung in Season One that was later re-sung and released in Season Three. The first was I Kissed a Girl.
- Coincidentally both were duets and in both Rachel got a solo.


text:
acornrentals brauchte ein neues Website Design und hat einen Wettbewerb auf 99designs gestartet.
Aus 54 Designs von 12 Designern wurde eine Gewinner gewählt.
Acorn Rentals
Acorn Rentals is Australia's leading provider of accident replacement vehicles. We provide rental cars to people for free while their car is repaired if they are the non fault party in an accident.
We provide our vehicles Australia wide, and lately have really grown our business around the country. As such we're looking for a sleek, corporate website with a "multi-national" feel.
Our website is visited 80% by people who have never visited before. As such it needs to be clean and get the information across easily. We provide vehicles for people aged 21 to well into their 80's. As such the site needs to have broad appeal - it needs to be in the same style as many insurance companies. Clean and corporate.
I will be responding as quickly as possible with detailed feedback so feel free to ask as many questions as you need.
I have attached our logo in pdf format as well as a bunch of images to choose from and use when mocking up the image scroller. Also a detailed brief in word doc.
We are after a clean, corporate looking website in the same vein as large insurance and large car rental companies, multi-national companies etc.
It needs to be a clean site incorporating our yellow branding colour throughout the headers/menus/footers/links – basically wherever looks good in the context of the design.
The PMS code for our yellow colour is PMS 107.
RGB Hex: #fff536.
CMYK percentages: Yellow - 79% Magenta - 4%.
We would like to see a combination of designs using both plain white backgrounds and other more interesting styles of backgrounds, as long as they are clean and corporate looking.
We need a main page template designed then a sub page template. The subpage just needs to be a modified version of the main page design, set up so that there is a main area where all the content for respective pages can be inserted. It should be a very simple task to convert the main page layout over to a sub-page template.


text: The following General Terms and Conditions of Sale govern the offer and sale of products on our web site ("www.dunhill.com"). The products purchased on www.dunhill.com are directly sold by YOOX NET-A-PORTER GROUP S.p.A. ("YOOX NET-A-PORTER GROUP S.p.A."), company subject to the management and coordination of Compagnie Financière Richemont S.A., with registered office in Italy at via Morimondo, 17 – Milano 20143, represented by Federico Marchetti, registered in the commercial register of Bologna, tax code and VAT number 02050461207, fully paid share capital of EUR 1,338,942.89(hereinafter referred to as "the Vendor" or "We" or "Us"). Requests for information should be made through our Customer Service: click here to contact Customer Service. For additional legal information go to the Customer Service area. There you can find information on orders, shipments, refunds and returning products purchased on www.dunhill.com. For any other legal information, go to the sections: General Terms and Conditions of Use, Privacy Policy and Return Policy. 1. Our Business Policy 1.1 The Vendor offers products for sale on www.dunhill.com and its e-commerce business services are available exclusively to its end users, i.e. the "Consumers". 1.2 "Consumer" shall mean any individual who is acting for purposes which are outside his or her trade, business or profession. If you are not a Consumer, please do not buy any products on www.dunhill.com. 1.3 The Vendor reserves the right not to process orders received from users who are not "Consumers" and any other order which does not comply with the Vendor's business policy. 1.4 These General Terms and Conditions of Sale exclusively regulate the offer, transmission and acceptance of purchase orders relating to products on www.dunhill.com between the users of www.dunhill.com and YOOX NET-A-PORTER GROUP S.p.A.. 1.5 The General Terms and Conditions of Sale do not regulate the supply of services or the sale of products performed by third parties that are on www.dunhill.com through links, banners or other hypertext links. Before sending orders and purchasing products and services from those third parties, we recommend that you verify the third party's terms and conditions, since the Vendor shall under no circumstances be deemed liable for the supply of services provided by third parties or for the execution of e-commerce transactions between users of www.dunhill.com and third parties. 2. How to Execute a Contract with the Vendor 2.1 In order to place an order for the purchase of one or more products on www.dunhill.com, you must fill in the online order form and send it electronically to the Vendor, following the relevant instructions. 2.2 The order form contains a summary of these General Terms and Conditions of Sale, information on the main characteristics of each product ordered and the corresponding unit price (including all applicable fees and taxes), the type of payment that you may use in order to purchase each product, shipping terms for the purchased products, shipping and delivery costs, and the terms and conditions for returning purchased products. 2.3 An order shall be deemed submitted when the Vendor receives your order form electronically and the order information has been verified as correct. 2.4 Before submitting your order form for the purchase of products, you will be asked to carefully read the General Terms and Conditions of Sale, to print a copy using the print option and to save or reproduce a copy thereof for your own personal use. 2.5 The order form will be filed in our data base for the time required to process your order and as provided by law. You may access your order form by clicking on the section called My Order in the Customer Service area. 2.6 Before submitting the order form, you will be asked to identify and correct possible input errors. 2.7 The submission of orders to the Vendor must be in English. 2.8 The agreement will only be concluded once the Vendor accepts the offer by the customer contained in the order by mailing the products to the customer. 2.9 If the products displayed on www.dunhill.com are no longer available at the time of your last access or once the Vendor has received your order form, the Vendor shall inform you of the unavailability of the ordered products within seven (7) days from the day after the Vendor received your order. If the price has been paid for items that are no longer available, the Vendor will refund the amount paid for those items. 2.10 By submitting an order form to the Vendor, you unconditionally accept and undertake to observe the provisions of these General Terms and Conditions of Sale in your contract with the Vendor. Should you not agree with certain provisions of these General Terms and Conditions of Sale, please do not submit your order form for the purchase of products on www.dunhill.com. 2.11 By submitting an order form, you agree and accept these General Terms and Conditions of Sale as well as further conditions contained on www.dunhill.com, also through links, including the General Terms and Conditions of Use and Privacy Policy. 2.12 Upon submission of an order form, the Vendor shall send you a purchase order receipt email, containing a summary of the information related to the order form (General Terms and Conditions of Sale, the products' main characteristics, detailed information on the price, terms of payment, return policy and shipping costs). 3. Guarantees and Product Price Indication 3.1 On www.dunhill.com, we only offer products marked with the "dunhill" trademark. These products are purchased by us directly from the fashion house and/or the manufacturer authorised by the fashion house. 3.2 The Vendor does not sell second-hand products, flawed products or products of lower quality than the corresponding market standards. 3.3 The main characteristics of products are shown on www.dunhill.com on each product page. The products offered for sale on www.dunhill.com may not exactly correspond to the real garments in terms of image and colours due to the Internet browser or monitor used. 3.4 Prices are subject to change. Check the final price of sale before sending the relevant order form. 3.5 Purchase orders from Countries not included among those displayed on the splash page cannot be accepted by the Vendor. 3.6 All Products come with an identification tag attached with a disposable seal. Do not remove the tag or seal from the purchased products should you wish to return the purchased product. 3.7 Should you decide to exercise your right to return purchased products, the Vendor has the right to not accept returned products that are returned without the corresponding tag or seal or that have been altered from their original status or damaged. 3.8 All products sold by the Vendor are covered by a twenty-four (24) month guarantee for lack of conformity, as provided by the applicable law. You shall inform the Vendor of the existence of any such lack of conformity within a period of two (2) months from the day when you detected the lack of conformity. Please contact our Customer Care. In case of lack of conformity, you may choose between the repair or replacement of the product. If these remedies are impossible or disproportionate you are entitled to either require the Vendor to make an appropriate reduction in the price or to terminate the contract. 4. Payments 4.1 Payment of the product prices and relevant shipping costs must be made by using one of the procedures indicated on the order form. 4.2 In the case of payment by Credit/Debit Card, all details (for example, card number or expiration date) will be sent by encrypted protocol to Banca Sella or other banks which provide remote electronic payment services, without third parties having any access thereto whatsoever. Such details will not be used by the Vendor except for performing the procedure relevant to your purchase or issuing refunds in the case of returns, in compliance with the exercise of your return right or for reporting cases of fraud to the police. The price for the purchase of products and the relevant shipping costs, as indicated in the order form, will be charged to your current account when the purchased products are actually shipped. 5. Shipping and Delivery of the Products For specific product shipping and delivery procedures, please visit the Customer Service area. Please read these sections carefully. The information provided in these sections forms an integral part of these General Terms and Conditions of Sale and, consequently, shall be deemed to be fully read and accepted by you at the time your order form is sent. 6. Customer Service Please contact our Customer Service for further information. 7. Right of cancellation 7.1 You are entitled to withdraw from the contractual statement in writing (e.g. letter, fax, email) within 14 days without stating any reasons or – if the item is placed at your disposal prior to the expiry of this period – by the returning of the goods. The period shall commence upon receiving this notification in text form, however, not prior to the receipt of the goods by the recipient (in the case of recurring delivery of similar goods, not prior to the first partial delivery), and also not before the fulfilment of our information duties pursuant to Article 246 section 2 EGBGB in conjunction with section 1 subsection 1 and 2 EGBGB as well as of our duties pursuant to section 312g subsection 1 clause 1 BGB in conjunction with Article 246 section 3 EGBGB. The timely dispatch of the withdrawal or of the item is sufficient for observation of the withdrawal. The withdrawal shall be addressed to: YOOX Group Interporto di Bologna – blocco 9.5 40010 Bentivoglio (BO) Italy Consequences of withdrawal In the case of an effective withdrawal, the services received by both parties from each other and any benefits gained from the use of that obtained (e.g. interest) must be returned. If you are unable to return or surrender that obtained and the benefits of the use made (e.g. any advantage from the enjoyment of such benefits) either in full or in part or only in a deteriorated condition, you may be liable to pay compensation. For the deterioration you only need to pay compensation as far as the deterioration is due to the dealing with the good which is more than an inspection of the characteristics and functions of said good. "Inspection of the characteristics and functions" means the testing and trying of the respective goods as it would be possible and customary in a retail store. Items capable of being shipped as a package shall be returned at our risk. You will have to bear the regular costs of return if the goods delivered correspond to the goods ordered and if the price of the item returned does not exceed the amount of EUR 40, in the case of a higher price of the item if you have not rendered the counter performance or any contractually agreed instalment at the time of the withdrawal. In all other cases the return shall be free of charge for you. Items unable of being shipped as a package will be picked up. Obligations to reimburse payments have to be fulfilled within 14 days. The deadline shall commence for you with dispatch of the withdrawal or of the item, and for us with its receipt. 7.2 We invite you to fill in and forward the Return Form* provided for on the website of www.dunhill.com. Usually, this is the quicker way for processing of withdrawals. www.dunhill.com offers the possibility of free shipping for returning goods by UPS (available under the UPS number). You can return the goods to www.dunhill.com with UPS by using the UPS-return label which can be found in the package. If you have not received an UPS-return label, please contact the Customer Service. If you do not use the UPS-return label, we ask you to ship the goods by package or registered mail to ensure that the goods are delivered safely and undamaged to www.dunhill.com and can be traced back in case of loss. 8. Refund terms and conditions 8.1 Once you have returned the item, the Vendor will make sure the item has been returned in accordance with section 7 of these terms and conditions. 8.2 Irrespective of the payment method, the Vendor will commence the refund process within 14 working days from when it accepts the return, reviews it for compliance with the right of cancellation and accepts the returned item. 8.3 If the recipient of the item listed on the purchase order is not the same as the person who paid for the item, the Vendor will refund the money to the latter. 8.4 The value date of the refund will be the same as the value date of the debit so the person being refunded does not lose bank interest. 9. Privacy 9.1 You will find information on how we process your personal data by clicking on Privacy Policy. 9.2 We also ask that you read, if you haven't already done so, our General Terms and Conditions of Use because they contain important information on how we process the personal data of our users and on the security systems we have adopted. 9.3 For further information on our Privacy Policy you can contact our Customer Service selecting "Privacy" from the drop-down menu, or you can send your requests to the Vendor YOOX NET-A-PORTER GROUP S.p.A.'s registered offices located at via Morimondo, 17 – Milano 20143, Italy. 10. Governing Law These General Terms and Conditions of Sale are governed by [Italian law and in particular by Italian legislative decree 6 September 2005 no. 206 on distance contracts and by Italian legislative decree 9 April 2003 no. 70 on certain aspects related to e-commerce.] Please note that the European Commission provides a platform for alternative extra-judicial resolution of disputes, available on the website http://ec.europa.eu/odr. 11. Amendments and updates The General Terms and Conditions of Sale may be amended from time to time due to new laws and regulations or other reasons. The new General Terms and Conditions of Sale shall be effective as of the date of publication on www.dunhill.com. *Download and complete the paper return form to exercise your right to return.


text:
Our journey as a manufacturer of high performance woven and knitted garments began in 1994. Based out of Mumbai & Tiruppur, India, both significant textile hubs, we merge innovative fabrics with top of the line manufacturing techniques to create functional garments.
Since our inception, our product basket has grown leaps and bounds. A steady assurance of quality coupled with constant upgradation to newer high end technology & equipment has allowed us to increase our offering to existing and new customers globally.


text:
Back of your Hand — Dwight Yoakam
Cool Car — Jimmy Rankin
Upside Down — Dean Brody
Fire it Up — Johnny Reid
A powerful pair of glasses shows the world for what it really is.
Standing — Alpha Galates
Some Songs — Terri Clark
Making of Gypsy Boots — Terri Clark
In This House — Stellas
Tumblin Tears — One More Girl
A fun and energetic video for beautiful young sisters set in desert-country, the girls try to find ways to battle boredom and get their kicks.
Misery Loves Company — One More Girl
Maybe — One More Girl
Maybe changing the world is as simple as saying hello to your neighbor.
Change the World — Johnny Reid
Love Will Save the Day — David Usher
The Talking Song Repair Blues — Alan Jackson
A Heart Like Mine — Dwight Yoakam
Twist My Hair — Divine Brown


text: Americans and people all over the world have been moved by the images of courageous Syrians standing up to a brutal regime, even as they suffer the consequences of the violence waged against them by the Assad government. Right now, humanitarian conditions in Syria are deteriorating in the face of a massive, man-made humanitarian emergency. People have been forced from their homes; schools, clinics and bakeries continue to be targeted; and food prices are on the rise as winter takes hold. The numbers are staggering. According to the United Nations, an estimated 2.5 million people are displaced inside of Syria, and over 678,000 people have fled to neighboring countries. Their stories touch us all, and the American people will continue to stand with them. That is why President Obama announced today that he has approved a new round of humanitarian assistance, an additional $155 million to provide for the urgent and pressing needs of civilians in Syria and refugees forced to flee the violence of the Assad regime. This brings America's contribution to date to $365 million, making the United States the largest single donor of humanitarian assistance to the Syrian people.