text:
Away with us he's going,
The bright, but solemn eyed -
He'll hear no more the lowing
Of the calves on the warm hillside
Or the kettle on the hob
Sing peace into his breast,
Or see the brown mice bob
Round and round the oatmeal chest
For he comes, the human child
To the waters and the wild
With a faery, hand in hand
From a world more full of weeping than he can understand
I quote The Enemy (at length) :
The Duke of York, an avowed Catholic, was twenty-five years older than his bride, scarred by smallpox and afflicted with a stutter.
He had secretly converted to Catholicism around 1668.
Mary first saw her husband on 23 November 1673 OS, on the day of their second marriage ceremony.
James was pleased with his bride.
Mary, however, at first disliked him, and burst into tears each time she saw him.
Nonetheless, she soon warmed to James.
From his first marriage to the commoner Anne Hyde, who had died in 1671, James had two daughters: Lady Mary and Lady Anne.
They were introduced to Mary by James with the words, "I have brought you a new play-fellow".
Unlike Lady Mary, Lady Anne disliked her father's new wife.
Mary played games with Anne, to win her affection.
The Duchess of York annually received £5,000 spending money and her own household, headed by Carey Fraser, Countess of Peterborough; it was frequented by ladies of her husband's selection: Frances Stewart, Duchess of Richmond—Charles II's discarded mistress—and Anne Scott, 1st Duchess of Buccleuch.
That the Duchess of York loathed gambling did not stop her ladies compelling her to do so almost every day.
They believed that "if she refrained, it might be taken ill".
Consequently, Mary incurred minor gambling debts.
The birth of the Duchess of York's first child, Catherine Laura, named after Queen Catherine, on 10 January 1675 OS represented the beginning of a string of children that would die in infancy.
At this time she was on excellent terms with Lady Mary and she visited her in The Hague after the younger Mary had married William of Orange. She travelled incognito and took Anne with her.
Separated from Lady Isabella once again, Mary sank into a state of sadness, exacerbated by the passing of the Exclusion bill in the Commons.
Lady Isabella, thus far the only one of Mary's children to survive infancy, died in February 1681.
Isabella's death plunged Mary into a religious mania, worrying her physician.
At the same time as news reached Holyrood of Isabella's death, Mary's mother was falsely accused of offering £10,000 for the murder of the King.
The accuser, a pamphleteer, was executed by order of the King.
The Exclusionist reaction that followed the Popish plot had died down by May 1682.
Exclusionist-dominated Parliament, suspended since March 1681, never again met in the reign of Charles II.
Therefore, the Duke and Duchess of York returned to England, and the Duchess gave birth to Princess Charlotte Mary in August 1682; Charlotte Mary's death three weeks later, according to the French ambassador, robbed James of "hope that any child of his can live"—all James's sons by Anne Hyde, his first wife, died in infancy.
James's sadness was dispelled by his revival in popularity following the discovery of a plot to kill the King and him.
The objective of the plot, known as the Rye House Plot, was to have Monmouth placed on the throne as Lord Protector.
The revival was so strong that, in 1684, James was re-admitted to the Privy Council, after an absence of eleven years.
Despite all the furore over Exclusionism, James ascended to his brother's thrones easily upon the latter's death, which occurred on 6 February 1685 OS, possibly because the said alternative could provoke another civil war.
Queen Mary's health had still not recovered after the death of Lady Isabella. So much so, in fact, that the Tuscan envoy reported to Florence that "general opinion turns [for Mary's successor] in the direction of the Princess, Your Highness's daughter".
France, too, was preparing for the Queen's imminent demise, putting forward as its candidate for James's new wife the Duke of Enghien's daughter.
The Queen was then trying to make her brother, the Duke of Modena, marry the former, Anna Maria Luisa de' Medici.
In February 1687, the Queen, at the time irritated by the King's affair with Catherine Sedley, Countess of Dorchester, moved into new apartments in Whitehall; Whitehall had been home to a Catholic chapel since December 1686.
Her apartments were designed by Christopher Wren at the cost of £13,000. Because the palace's renovation was thus far unfinished, the King received ambassadors in her rooms, much to the Queen's chagrin.
Five months later, shortly after the marriage talks with Tuscany collapsed, the Queen's mother, Duchess Laura, died.
Therefore, the whole English court went into mourning.
Duchess Laura left Mary "a considerable sum of cash" and some jewellery.
William III of Orange, James's son-in-law, sensed popular discontent with James's government; he used the death of Mary's mother as a guise to send his half-uncle, Count Zuylestein, to England, ostensibly to condole Queen Mary, but really to spy.
Having visited Bath, in the hope its waters would aid conception, Queen Mary became pregnant in late 1687.
When the pregnancy became public knowledge shortly before Christmas, Catholics rejoiced.
Protestants, who had tolerated James's Catholic government because he had no Catholic heir, were concerned.
The Protestant disillusion came to a head after the child's male sex became known, when many Protestants chose to believe the child was illegitimate.
They did this to prevent the perpetuation of James II's Catholic dynasty...
In April 1688, James re-issued the Declaration of Indulgence, subsequently ordering Anglican clergymen to read it in their churches.
When seven Bishops, including the Archbishop of Canterbury, submitted a petition requesting the reconsideration of the King's religious policies, they were arrested and tried for seditious libel.
Public alarm increased when Queen Mary gave birth to a Roman Catholic son and heir, James Francis Edward on 10 June of that year.
When James's only possible successors were his two Protestant daughters, Anglicans could see his pro-Catholic policies as a temporary phenomenon, but when the Prince's birth opened the possibility of a permanent Catholic dynasty, such men had to reconsider their position.
Threatened by a Catholic dynasty, several influential Protestants claimed the child was "supposititious" and had been smuggled into the Queen's bedchamber in a warming pan.
They had already entered into negotiations with William, Prince of Orange, when it became known the Queen was pregnant, and the birth of James's son reinforced their convictions.
Popular opinion alleged that the child, named James Francis Edward, was sneaked into the birth chamber as a substitute to the Queen's real but stillborn child.
This rumour was widely accepted as fact by Protestants, despite the fact the birth-chamber was intentionally packed full of 200 witnesses, both Protestant and Catholic.
Princess Anne of Denmark, later to be Queen Anne, answered a memorandum of 18 questions regarding James Francis Edward's birth for her sister, the Princess of Orange.
Anne's answers, biased and unreliable, convinced the Princess of Orange that her father had thrust a changeling upon the nation.
Count Zuylestein, returning to the Netherlands shortly after the birth, agreed with Anne's findings.
From the moment of his birth, on 10 June 1688, at St. James's Palace, the prince was the subject of controversy. He was born to the reigning king, James II of England (and VII of Scotland), and his Roman Catholic second wife, Mary of Modena, and as such was automatically Duke of Cornwall and Duke of Rothesay among other titles.
The Wars of Religion were fresh in the minds of the populace, and many British feared a revived Catholic dominance of the government. James II had two adult daughters from his first marriage, the future queens Princess Mary and Princess Anne, who had been raised as Protestants. As long as there was a possibility of one of them succeeding him, his opponents saw his rule as only a temporary aberration. When people began to fear that James's second wife, Mary, would produce a Catholic son and heir, a movement grew to replace him with his elder daughter Princess Mary and his son-in-law/nephew, William of Orange.
King James's policies of religious tolerance after 1685 had met with increasing opposition by members of leading political circles, who were troubled by the king's Catholicism and his close ties with France. The crisis facing the king came to a head in 1688, with the birth of the King's son, James Francis Edward Stuart, on 10 June (Julian calendar).
This changed the existing line of succession by displacing the heir presumptive, his daughter Mary, a Protestant and the wife of William of Orange, with young James as heir apparent.
The establishment of a Roman Catholic dynasty in the kingdoms now seemed likely.
Some of the most influential leaders of the Tories united with members of the opposition Whigs and set out to resolve the crisis by inviting William of Orange to England,which the stadtholder, who feared an Anglo-French alliance, had indicated as a condition for a military intervention.
After consolidating political and financial support, William crossed the North Sea and English Channel with a large invasion fleet in November 1688, landing at Torbay. After only two minor clashes between the two opposing armies in England, and anti-Catholic riots in several towns, James's regime collapsed, largely because of a lack of resolve shown by the king. However, this was followed by the protracted Williamite War in Ireland and Dundee's rising in Scotland.
In England's geographically-distant American colonies, the revolution led to the collapse of the Dominion of New England and the overthrow of the Province of Maryland's government. Following a defeat of his forces at the Battle of Reading on 9 December, James and his wife fled England; James, however, returned to London for a two-week period that culminated in his final departure for France on 23 December. By threatening to withdraw his troops, William in February 1689 convinced a newly chosen Convention Parliament to make him and his wife joint monarchs.
The Revolution permanently ended any chance of Catholicism becoming re-established in England. For British Catholics its effects were disastrous both socially and politically: Catholics were denied the right to vote and sit in the Westminster Parliament for over a century; they were also denied commissions in the army, and the monarch was forbidden to be Catholic or to marry a Catholic, this latter prohibition remaining in force until the UK's Succession to the Crown Act 2013 removes it once it comes into effect.
The Revolution led to limited toleration for Nonconformist Protestants, although it would be some time before they had full political rights.
It has been argued that James's overthrow began modern English parliamentary democracy: the Bill of Rights of 1689 has become one of the most important documents in the political history of Britain and never since has the monarch held absolute power.
Internationally, the Revolution was related to the War of the Grand Alliance on mainland Europe. It has been seen as the last successful invasion of England.
It ended all attempts by England in the Anglo-Dutch Wars of the 17th century to subdue the Dutch Republic by military force. However, the resulting economic integration and military co-operation between the English and Dutch Navies shifted the dominance in world trade from the Dutch Republic to England and later to Great Britain.
The expression "Glorious Revolution" was first used by John Hampden in late 1689,and is an expression that is still used by the British Parliament.
The Glorious Revolution is also occasionally termed the Bloodless Revolution, albeit inaccurately.
The English Civil War (also known as the Great Rebellion) was still within living memory for most of the major English participants in the events of 1688, and for them, in comparison to that war (or even the Monmouth Rebellion of 1685) the deaths in the conflict of 1688 were mercifully few.
English Bill of Rights 1689
An Act Declaring the Rights and Liberties of the Subject and Settling the Succession of the Crown
Whereas the Lords Spiritual and Temporal and Commons assembled at Westminster, lawfully, fully and freely representing all the estates of the people of this realm, did upon the thirteenth day of February in the year of our Lord one thousand six hundred eighty-eight [old style date] present unto their Majesties, then called and known by the names and style of William and Mary, prince and princess of Orange, being present in their proper persons, a certain declaration in writing made by the said Lords and Commons in the words following, viz.:
Whereas the late King
James the Second, by the assistance of divers evil counsellors, judges and ministers employed by him, did endeavour to subvert and extirpate the Protestant religion and the laws and liberties of this kingdom;
By assuming and exercising a power of dispensing with and suspending of laws and the execution of laws without consent of Parliament;
By committing and prosecuting divers worthy prelates for humbly petitioning to be excused from concurring to the said assumed power;
By issuing and causing to be executed a commission under the great seal for erecting a court called the Court of Commissioners for Ecclesiastical Causes;
By levying money for and to the use of the Crown by pretence of prerogative for other time and in other manner than the same was granted by Parliament;
By raising and keeping a standing army within this kingdom in time of peace without consent of Parliament, and quartering soldiers contrary to law;
By causing several good subjects being Protestants to be disarmed at the same time when papists were both armed and employed contrary to law;
By violating the freedom of election of members to serve in Parliament;
By prosecutions in the Court of King's Bench for matters and causes cognizable only in Parliament, and by divers other arbitrary and illegal courses;
And whereas of late years partial corrupt and unqualified persons have been returned and served on juries in trials, and particularly divers jurors in trials for high treason which were not freeholders;
And excessive bail hath been required of persons committed in criminal cases to elude the benefit of the laws made for the liberty of the subjects;
And excessive fines have been imposed;
And illegal and cruel punishments inflicted;
And several grants and promises made of fines and forfeitures before any conviction or judgment against the persons upon whom the same were to be levied;
All which are utterly and directly contrary to the known laws and statutes and freedom of this realm;
And whereas the said late King
James the Second having abdicated the government and the throne being thereby vacant, his Highness the prince of Orange (whom it hath pleased Almighty God to make the glorious instrument of delivering this kingdom from popery and arbitrary power) did (by the advice of the Lords Spiritual and Temporal and divers principal persons of the Commons) cause letters to be written to the Lords Spiritual and Temporal being Protestants, and other letters to the several counties, cities, universities, boroughs and cinque ports, for the choosing of such persons to represent them as were of right to be sent to Parliament, to meet and sit at Westminster upon the two and twentieth day of January in this year one thousand six hundred eighty and eight [old style date], in order to such an establishment as that their religion, laws and liberties might not again be in danger of being subverted, upon which letters elections having been accordingly made;
And thereupon the said Lords Spiritual and Temporal and Commons, pursuant to their respective letters and elections, being now assembled in a full and free representative of this nation, taking into their most serious consideration the best means for attaining the ends aforesaid, do in the first place (as their ancestors in like case have usually done) for the vindicating and asserting their ancient rights and liberties declare
That the pretended power of suspending the laws or the execution of laws by regal authority without consent of Parliament is illegal;
That the pretended power of dispensing with laws or the execution of laws by regal authority, as it hath been assumed and exercised of late, is illegal;
That the commission for erecting the late Court of Commissioners for Ecclesiastical Causes, and all other commissions and courts of like nature, are illegal and pernicious;
That levying money for or to the use of the Crown by pretence of prerogative, without grant of Parliament, for longer time, or in other manner than the same is or shall be granted, is illegal;
That it is the right of the subjects to petition the king, and all commitments and prosecutions for such petitioning are illegal;
That the raising or keeping a standing army within the kingdom in time of peace, unless it be with consent of Parliament, is against law;
That the subjects which are Protestants may have arms for their defence suitable to their conditions and as allowed by law;
That election of members of Parliament ought to be free;
That the freedom of speech and debates or proceedings in Parliament ought not to be impeached or questioned in any court or place out of Parliament;
That excessive bail ought not to be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted;
That jurors ought to be duly impanelled and returned, and jurors which pass upon men in trials for high treason ought to be freeholders;
That all grants and promises of fines and forfeitures of particular persons before conviction are illegal and void;
And that for redress of all grievances, and for the amending, strengthening and preserving of the laws, Parliaments ought to be held frequently.
And they do claim, demand and insist upon all and singular the premises as their undoubted rights and liberties, and that no declarations, judgments, doings or proceedings to the prejudice of the people in any of the said premises ought in any wise to be drawn hereafter into consequence or example; to which demand of their rights they are particularly encouraged by the declaration of his Highness the prince of Orange as being the only means for obtaining a full redress and remedy therein. Having therefore an entire confidence that his said Highness the prince of Orange will perfect the deliverance so far advanced by him, and will still preserve them from the violation of their rights which they have here asserted, and from all other attempts upon their religion, rights and liberties, the said Lords Spiritual and Temporal and Commons assembled at Westminster do resolve that
Williamand Mary, prince and princess of Orange, be and be declared king and queen of England, France and Ireland and the dominions thereunto belonging, to hold the crown and royal dignity of the said kingdoms and dominions to them, the said prince and princess, during their lives and the life of the survivor to them, and that the sole and full exercise of the regal power be only in and executed by the said prince of Orange in the names of the said prince and princess during their joint lives, and after their deceases the said crown and royal dignity of the same kingdoms and dominions to be to the heirs of the body of the said princess, and for default of such issue to the Princess Anne of Denmark and the heirs of her body, and for default of such issue to the heirs of the body of the said prince of Orange. And the Lords Spiritual and Temporal and Commons do pray the said prince and princess to accept the same accordingly.
And that the oaths hereafter mentioned be taken by all persons of whom the oaths have allegiance and supremacy might be required by law, instead of them; and that the said oaths of allegiance and supremacy be abrogated.
I, A.B., do sincerely promise and swear that I will be faithful and bear true allegiance to their Majesties King
William and Queen Mary. So help me God.
I, A.B., do swear that I do from my heart abhor, detest and abjure as impious and heretical this damnable doctrine and position, that princes excommunicated or deprived by the Pope or any authority of the see of Rome may be deposed or murdered by their subjects or any other whatsoever. And I do declare that no foreign prince, person, prelate, state or potentate hath or ought to have any jurisdiction, power, superiority, pre-eminence or authority, ecclesiastical or spiritual, within this realm. So help me God.
Upon which their said Majesties did accept the crown and royal dignity of the kingdoms of England, France and Ireland, and the dominions thereunto belonging, according to the resolution and desire of the said Lords and Commons contained in the said declaration. And thereupon their Majesties were pleased that the said Lords Spiritual and Temporal and Commons, being the two Houses of Parliament, should continue to sit, and with their Majesties' royal concurrence make effectual provision for the settlement of the religion, laws and liberties of this kingdom, so that the same for the future might not be in danger again of being subverted, to which the said Lords Spiritual and Temporal and Commons did agree, and proceed to act accordingly. Now in pursuance of the premises the said Lords Spiritual and Temporal and Commons in Parliament assembled, for the ratifying, confirming and establishing the said declaration and the articles, clauses, matters and things therein contained by the force of law made in due form by authority of Parliament, do pray that it may be declared and enacted that all and singular the rights and liberties asserted and claimed in the said declaration are the true, ancient and indubitable rights and liberties of the people of this kingdom, and so shall be esteemed, allowed, adjudged, deemed and taken to be; and that all and every the particulars aforesaid shall be firmly and strictly holden and observed as they are expressed in the said declaration, and all officers and ministers whatsoever shall serve their Majesties and their successors according to the same in all time to come. And the said Lords Spiritual and Temporal and Commons, seriously considering how it hath pleased Almighty God in his marvellous providence and merciful goodness to this nation to provide and preserve their said Majesties' royal persons most happily to reign over us upon the throne of their ancestors, for which they render unto him from the bottom of their hearts their humblest thanks and praises, do truly, firmly, assuredly and in the sincerity of their hearts think, and do hereby recognize, acknowledge and declare, that King James the Second having abdicated the government, and their Majesties having accepted the crown and royal dignity as aforesaid, their said Majesties did become, were, are and of right ought to be by the laws of this realm our sovereign liege lord and lady, king and queen of England, France and Ireland and the dominions thereunto belonging, in and to whose princely persons the royal state, crown and dignity of the said realms with all honours, styles, titles, regalities, prerogatives, powers, jurisdictions and authorities to the same belonging and appertaining are most fully, rightfully and entirely invested and incorporated, united and annexed. And for preventing all questions and divisions in this realm by reason of any pretended titles to the crown, and for preserving a certainty in the succession thereof, in and upon which the unity, peace, tranquility and safety of this nation doth under God wholly consist and depend, the said Lords Spiritual and Temporal and Commons do beseech their Majesties that it may be enacted, established and declared, that the crown and regal government of the said kingdoms and dominions, with all and singular the premises thereunto belonging and appertaining, shall be and continue to their said Majesties and the survivor of them during their lives and the life of the survivor of them, and that the entire, perfect and full exercise of the regal power and government be only in and executed by his Majesty in the names of both their Majesties during their joint lives; and after their deceases the said crown and premises shall be and remain to the heirs of the body of her Majesty, and for default of such issue to her Royal Highness the Princess Anne of Denmark and the heirs of the body of his said Majesty; and thereunto the said Lords Spiritual and Temporal and Commons do in the name of all the people aforesaid most humbly and faithfully submit themselves, their heirs and posterities for ever, and do faithfully promise that they will stand to, maintain and defend their said Majesties, and also the limitation and succession of the crown herein specified and contained, to the utmost of their powers with their lives and estates against all persons whatsoever that shall attempt anything to the contrary. And whereas it hath been found by experience that it is inconsistent with the safety and welfare of this Protestant kingdom to be governed by a popish prince, or by any king or queen marrying a papist, the said Lords Spiritual and Temporal and Commons do further pray that it may be enacted, that all and every person and persons that is, are or shall be reconciled to or shall hold communion with the see or Church of Rome, or shall profess the popish religion, or shall marry a papist, shall be excluded and be for ever incapable to inherit, possess or enjoy the crown and government of this realm and Ireland and the dominions thereunto belonging or any part of the same, or to have, use or exercise any regal power, authority or jurisdiction within the same; and in all and every such case or cases the people of these realms shall be and are hereby absolved of their allegiance; and the said crown and government shall from time to time descend to and be enjoyed by such person or persons being Protestants as should have inherited and enjoyed the same in case the said person or persons so reconciled, holding communion or professing or marrying as aforesaid were naturally dead; and that every king and queen of this realm who at any time hereafter shall come to and succeed in the imperial crown of this kingdom shall on the first day of the meeting of the first Parliament next after his or her coming to the crown, sitting in his or her throne in the House of Peers in the presence of the Lords and Commons therein assembled, or at his or her coronation before such person or persons who shall administer the coronation oath to him or her at the time of his or her taking the said oath (which shall first happen), make, subscribe and audibly repeat the declaration mentioned in the statute made in the thirtieth year of the reign of King Charles the Second entitled, _An Act for the more effectual preserving the king's person and government by disabling papists from sitting in either House of Parliament._ But if it shall happen that such king or queen upon his or her succession to the crown of this realm shall be under the age of twelve years, then every such king or queen shall make, subscribe and audibly repeat the same declaration at his or her coronation or the first day of the meeting of the first Parliament as aforesaid which shall first happen after such king or queen shall have attained the said age of twelve years. All which their Majesties are contented and pleased shall be declared, enacted and established by authority of this present Parliament, and shall stand, remain and be the law of this realm for ever; and the same are by their said Majesties, by and with the advice and consent of the Lords Spiritual and Temporal and Commons in Parliament assembled and by the authority of the same, declared, enacted and established accordingly.
II. And be it further declared and enacted by the authority aforesaid, that from and after this present session of Parliament no dispensation by _non obstante_ of or to any statute or any part thereof shall be allowed, but that the same shall be held void and of no effect, except a dispensation be allowed of in such statute, and except in such cases as shall be specially provided for by one or more bill or bills to be passed during this present session of Parliament.
III. Provided that no charter or grant or pardon granted before the three and twentieth day of October in the year of our Lord one thousand six hundred eighty-nine shall be any ways impeached or invalidated by this Act, but that the same shall be and remain of the same force and effect in law and no other than as if this Act had never been made.


text:
CRESTVIEW � Learning she had cervical cancer was stressful for Rhonda Ward.
CRESTVIEW � Learning she had cervical cancer was stressful for Rhonda Ward.
"It's just scary, that's all," the Crestview resident said.
However, specialists at MD Anderson Cancer Center in Houston, where Rhonda has received treatments since August, and conversations with cancer survivors have provided reassurance.
"Since we have been here, the fear has diminished," Kenny, her husband of 12 years, said. "She is going to be OK."
Carla Kelley, a manager at Badcock Home Furniture and More in Crestview, wants to ensure both Rhonda, a Laurel Hill School bus driver, and her husband are OK; she�s organizing a Boston butts fundraiser to offset the Wards� health insurance co-pays, along with travel and living expenses.
"Kenny is a longtime employee of ours," she said. "It breaks my heart that this is (happening)."
Kelley is taking orders for cooked Boston butts until Wednesday, Sept. 18 at the furniture store. Meals will be distributed Sept. 20 and 21 at Old Spanish Trail Park.
The Wards said they appreciate the store�s efforts.
"I will never be able to thank them enough," Rhonda said.
Want to order?
What: Boston butt fundraiser for Rhonda Ward
When: Place orders 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. Monday through Friday or 9 a.m. to 2 p.m. Saturday
Where: Badcock Home Furniture and More, 594 N. Main St., Crestview. Pick up meals 5-6 p.m. Sept. 20 and 21 at Old Spanish Trail Park on Stillwell Boulevard.
Cost: $25
Contact News Bulletin Staff Writer Matthew Brown at 850-682-6524 or email@example.com. Follow him on Twitter @cnbMatthew.

subset: commoncrawl


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We oppose Islam, not Muslims. We are against hate, not faith
Garudaman wrote:the real answer is because you live on the place that rich in plant-based food choices! :lol2:
So the hypothesis that being a vegetarian somehow changes your entire character or or all the rest of your personal values is entirely false.
Intelligent lad wrote:http://agniveer.com/why-i-dont-eat-meat/
------ Be human, love humans. Say no to meat!
However I read somewhere that some Hindus believe they may not eat onions or garlic. Does anyone know if this is true, and why that is?
Yohan wrote:^^ Not eating Onions, Garlic, certain root vegetables and so on, are rooted on the principle that they carry life, and practised in orthodox Jainism and Buddhism, which were then borrowed by Hinduism. Later certain fanciful explanations were developed.
One cannot be that sensitive and be strong at the same time.
manfred wrote:Please go through the list of vegetarians above and describe in detail, for each one, who took advantage of them, why when and how.
And no, it is also false to suggest that all who practice martial arts eat meat.
Here are some who are vegans...
But then again, you never let actual facts get into the way of your rants...
Human society is not like wilder beasts and lions, well, not quite, anyway. And eating meat does not make you a "lion" either.
It is more likely that your sets of VALUES determine what you eat, rather than that what you eat changes your values. E.g. Someone eats kosher because he is Jewish, but he did not become Jewish because he is eating kosher. Only then, as a consequence, the kosher diet re-enforces values held by daily reminders and by keeping you away from people who eat differently.
Yohan wrote:Hinduism does not give a reason why Hindus have to be vegetarians.
t is not easy to buy soyabeens and other vegetarian pulses that act as diet supplements for meat.
manfred wrote:t is not easy to buy soyabeens and other vegetarian pulses that act as diet supplements for meat.
Pulses have been very widely eaten in India for thousands of years. They can very easily be traded because the keep for a long time and don't require special storage. It is much easier to supply a remote area with pulses than it is with fresh meat or fish, for example.
Yohan wrote:Hinduism had never ever been known as a compassionate religion, to associate vegetarianism with it.
A person is called of Saatvik Guna when s/he has the following qualities -
1. Fearlessness
2. Pure heartedness
3. Established in the wisdom of discrimination of spirit and matter
4. Charity
5. Self-restraint
6. Austerity
7. Uprightness
8. Non-violence
9. Truthfulness
10. Aversion to Fault finding
11. Compassion to all beings
12. Absence of avarice'
13. Gentleness
14. Modesty
15. Determination
Pulses are no match to real meat in term proteins required to develop your muscles and physique.Even if one consumes them in large quantity,they are not that easy to digest and are costly in general as is the case with meat.
nosuperstition wrote:Since eating meat involves violent death of the animal,it is considered unrighteous and Hinduism seemed to have copied this principle.
manfred wrote:So one minute they are a meat substitute according to you, the next they are not. I gave you a list and pictures of of vegan body builders, so the idea that you cannot have a balanced diet without meat is nonsense.
And cost?
500 grams of lentils or chickpeas cost about £1.60. When cooked, they have 3 times that weight.
500 grams of mince meat or other cheap cuts cost roughly £3.00. When cooked it will loose about 10% of its weight, more with sausages, as they have water added for bulk.
The fact is that post people eat meat purely out of habit. A diet with meat is certainly costlier than a good one without. Then there also the well documented issues around eating meat, such as the link to cardiovascular disease, and type 2 diabetes.
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It would be going too far to suggest that Astro Coast, Surfer Blood's debut album, was in a league of its own. Surfer Blood were just one of many bands who joined the Drums-led charge of bright and breezy guitar-pop, who coasted into town towards the end of 2009 for a brief holiday romance in the summer of 2010. But just because Surfer Blood weren't the only ones bringing Beach Boys-style harmonies and sweet, simple hooks back into fashion, doesn't mean they didn't do these things better than most. Astro Coast was, quite simply, a cut above the rest. Tracks like 'Floating Vibes' shone with an unrivalled immediacy, and were woven neatly into the narrative of a record that evoked, with crystalline clarity, an idealised belief in being young and not having to worry about much more than getting stoned and falling in love. But like all of the summers that Astro Coast seemed to sum up, Surfer Blood's party had to end. Now it's time for the Floridian four-piece to grow up, or risk spending the rest of their career trying to make another album about being young that doesn't sound totally inauthentic. On the evidence of Tarot Classics, Surfer Blood have grown up. The EP opener, 'I'm Not Ready' proves from the start that the band have shrugged off their slacker traits. A two-part guitar melody nestles neatly into the groove of JP Pitts' increasingly nuanced vocals. The frontman's voice darts between strained grunts and breathy whispers, and has an added tunefulness that makes this a well-composed and satisfyingly catchy composition. The track is light and cheery, and therefore in the spirit of Astro Coast, but the songwriting seems all the more thorough. It's a little more traditional too, but with a resounding unconventionality in the way jagged crunches of guitar preface a coda of pure surf-pop.
Surfer Blood become more playful on 'Miranda', which could easily be a grungier take on a post-Pinkerton Weezer album track. Power chords bounce all over this one, embellished with grade one guitar solos and a lazily lovely vocal hook that cleverly comes across as half-aware of its own over-familiarity. The track doesn't show the same level of maturity as 'I'm Not Ready' perhaps, but it'll have you bouncing around your bedroom all the same.
Tarot Classics takes a gloomier turn with 'Voyager Reprise', a painstaking, heartfelt ballad built around thick piano chords, soaked in romance, and a cautiously hopeful bass pulse. Cute rhyming couplets and a nerdy synth solo break through the song's darkness, and it's these subtle shifts in mood that make the music feel shaken, but safe and warm, like a big, tearful hug. Closer 'Drinking Problem' isn't as comforting, as a lonely keyboard plays out in the distance, under Pitts' despondent vocals. It's a surprisingly bleak track, built around a hauntingly plain bass part, and the EP's least exciting moment, but it at least goes to show how eager Surfer Blood are to experiment and develop musically.
What makes Tarot Classics different from Astro Coast then, is its variety. While the album was a solid and inherently likeable set of variations on a theme, each song here has its own unique characteristics, its own personality. Fundamentally, this EP is the sound of a very good band becoming a great band.
8Robert Cooke's Score


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In these parts, the Rocky Horror Show has no rivals when it comes to Halloween tradition. Even the Great Pumpkin cant compete.
Tonights double feature will open the fifth season of Richard OBriens stage version of the cult classic movie at the Henry Strater Theatre.
The cast always changes from year to year, but the biggest change is in the lead role of Frank N. Furter. Ben Mattson, who is a regular with Farmingtons Sandstone Productions, will take on the toughest role after getting his feet wet as Brad in last years show.
Director Jenny Fitts-Reynolds always adds a personal tweak to the 37-year-old show. This year its a Steampunk theme think Jules Verne/H.G. Wells-era science fiction, with lots of goggles and gears. Industrial Victorian, if you will. The costumes will be a bit different than tradition holds on stage, anyway. Audience members are still encouraged to dress in their best Brad, Janet, Riff-Raff or Rocky. But Fitts-Reynolds hopes people will embrace the Steampunk theme.
Finally, because the Henry Strater Theatre is a historical venue, common decency should prevail when it comes to things like throwing toast and shooting water pistols. But to make it official, those traditions are prohibited in their original form. There are cleaner substitutes, and bags of less impactful props are available.


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Retired firefighters plan annual banquet; Midyette addresses AARP; Let�s Read continues
Firefighters plan reunion
Kinston Retired Firefighters are hosting the Area Firefighters Reunion Banquet April 25 in the King�s Restaurant Banquet Room on 405 E. New Bern Road. All area firefighters, past and present, are invited.
A meet and greet will begin at 6 p.m., and the banquet will start at 7 p.m. At a recent planning meeting, Mayor B.J. Murphy stopped by to let the committee know that he and the City Council support the efforts of the committee and that he is looking forward to attending the banquet.
The cost is $12 per person at the door, which includes food, tip and entertainment. The meal will include fried and barbecued chicken, barbecued pork, shrimp and all the trimmings and desserts.
For more information, contact Guy Basden at 252-939-0171; �Dot-Dash� Brigman, 252-527-8081; Robert Swiger, 919-812-2745; Levy Massey, 252-521-5640; Melley Swaney, 252-939-3691; David Ricke, 252-523-1441; or Gwen Smith, 252-522-3915.
AARP gets wellness tips
Sandra Midyette, Diabetes Wellness Program coordinator for Lenoir Memorial Hospital, recently spoke to the AARP chapter about the types of diabetes.
She also talked about the symptoms, things to be looking for and what to do after being diagnosed with diabetes. She distributed information on diabetes, heart disease and stroke.
For more information on diabetes, call Midyette at 252-522-7616. For AARP information, call Jimmy Miller, chapter coordinator, at 252-527-1606.
Library continues �Let�s Read� activities
Let�s Read 2013 is continuing its focus on Edith Hamilton�s �Mythology.�
Kid Olympics for children 12 and younger will be at 3 p.m. Saturday in the Schechter Auditorium of the Kinston-Lenoir County Public Library. Youth will participate in child-friendly versions of favorite Olympic events in the ancient Greek tradition.
The Poetry Contest Awards Ceremony will be at 7:30 p.m. Tuesday in the Schechter Auditorium. Contest winners will recite their poems based on mythological characters, settings and themes.
�Mythology, Music and Art� will be at 3 p.m. April 27, also in the Schechter Auditorium. In this program, participants will learn how classical mythology has influenced great art, music and literature throughout the ages.
For more information, call 252-527-5066, ext. 134.


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September 2008 Reader's Tech Tips
CT Reader submitted tech tips
Dwarf TrailerI run a dwarf car with the Midwest Classic Racers out of mid-Michigan. Our cars do not have a reverse gear, so we use a specially made cart to move the car around at home and at the track. With this cart you can move the car alone or the car and the trailer. The base cart came from Harbor Freight Tools. We added a piece of square tubing then fabricated the receiver which can be reversed depending on whether we are moving the car or the trailer. We also installed bigger tires and heavier wheels to handle the weight of the car.
Gordie CraineFlint Michigan'28 Chevy Panel Truck(1000cc Kawasaki motor)
Shockingly StraightWhat can you do when you bend a shock in the heat race and don't have a spare? I have used all kinds of ways to straighten a shock (sticking it in a hole and forcing it, clamping it in a vise, beating on it with a hammer, etc), but they all fell short because the shock would never slide freely after I straightened it and I never could seem to get it straight enough. I usually ended up with something that resembled a noodle of some sort and would cause the shock to leak fluid during the race.
That is until I came up with what I call the "shockingly straight" method. You will need three bolts (preferably 1/2-inch or larger) a little longer than the shaft diameter and a vise or some clamping device.
Place the bolts and the shock shaft as shown in the diagram. Tighten the vise until the bent portion of the shaft with the one bolt flexes slightly past the side with the two bolts. You will have to get a feel for how much to flex it past the two bolts. Start with a little past, release the tension, and inspect the shaft.
Continue this procedure until the shaft is straight. You will end up with a shockingly straight shock shaft. Say that fast, three times.
Tom WatsonKennesaw, GADixie SpeedwayGRT/Limited Late Model
Want A Jacket?Want a jacket? Got a Tech Tip? Send a brief description of your tip plus a clear photo or drawing to Reader's Tech Tips, Circle Track, 9036 Brittany Way, Tampa, FL 33619. Or, you can also email your tip to the editor at firstname.lastname@example.com. If you send photos by email please make sure they are high resolution (300dpi). Include any necessary dimensions or procedures as well as the following information:
NameEmail Address/Home AddressHome TrackCar Make/Racing ClassYears in Racing
Contributions cannot be returned and become the property of Source Interlink Media. Selection of a tip to be published will be based on originality, creativity, and relevance to the circle track racer. In many cases, selections will be based on the quality of the illustrations or photos. Tips chosen for publication will automatically be entered in a quarterly random drawing to win an official Circle Track staff jacket with the winner's name embroidered on the front.


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In a spectacularly candid interview with Collider, actor Thomas Jane ("Hung," "The Mist") gives some startling reasons why he won't be co-starring alongside Sylvester Stallone in the upcoming action flick "Headshot."
"Well, [director] Wayne Kramer brought me into the project," says the 42 year old actor, who was going to co-star in the flick about a New Orleans hitman, played by Stallone, who teams up woth a New York cop. "And when Wayne left I suggested Walter Hill to Stallone and the next week they hired Walter Hill and I was very happy about that because I've always wanted to work with him."
U.S. & World
"[Producer] Joel Silver came on board the project and said that he has a quote-unquote 'formula' for these quote-unquote 'buddy movies' and it has to be a white guy and a quote-unquote 'ethnic guy.' And they relieved me of duty and basically paid me off," claims Jane.
If you think Jane is going to stop there, you are mistaken. He closes the subject with a less-than-subtle dig at his one-time, almost co-star - in an age where actors tend to rival pro athletes the most safely cliche-laden interview ("My co-stars are amazing"), you almost have to admire a guy who'll so thoroughly burn such a major bridge.
"I was really upset about [it], you know? I didn't get a call from Stallone. I was a little upset about that," admits Jane. "Maybe they didn't want anybody on the movie with a bigger d**k than him."
And there you have it, folks. Thomas Jane, not co-starring with Stallone in a theater near you. Probably ever.


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"Similar in size to other large, bright spiral galaxies, IC 342 is a mere 7 million light-years distant in the long-necked, northern constellation Camelopardalis. A sprawling island universe, IC 342 would otherwise be a prominent galaxy in our night sky, but it is almost hidden from view behind the veil of stars, gas and dust clouds in the plane of our Milky Way galaxy.
Click image for larger size.
Even though IC 342's light is dimmed by intervening cosmic clouds, this remarkably sharp telescopic image traces the galaxy's own obscuring dust, blue star clusters, and glowing pink star forming regions along spiral arms that Wind far from the galaxy's core. IC 342 may have undergone a recent burst of star formation activity and is close enough to have gravitationally influenced the evolution of the local group of galaxies and the Milky Way."
- http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap101222.html


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Fisker should probably be concentrating on fighting off the lingering smells of vaporware and cutting weight, but GTspirit reports that the company is going to expand its line up with a station wagon called the Surf.
We last saw the Fisker Surf Concept at the glamorous Frankfurt Motor Show, and this September it will apparently be following the path of Kaiser Wilhelm's troops, marching in full production guise to the Paris Auto Salon. The Fisker wagon will not be present in neutral Switzerland for the Geneva Motor Show.
Though it looks like it has rear visibility to put a Lamborghini to shame, the Surf should at least address some concerns that Fisker's curvaceous sedan, the Fisker Karma, is lacking in trunk space. Sadly, eco-minded millionaires may have to wait until at least 2013 to see a production version of Fisker's convertible, the Sunset.
Photo Credit: Fisker Automotive


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It's time for another book tag! I came across this one on Howling Libraries – you should all go check out Destiny's blog! – and thought it looked like fun. So, it's time to find out all about my secret life as a book blogger!
How long have you been blogging?
I've been blogging about books for around four and a half years, since December 2014. But, I also had a short-lived history blog and a nail art blog before that. So I think close to nine years overall at this point. Which is a really long time. This blog is the longest-lived though.
At what point do you think you'll stop blogging?
When it stops being fun. I don't see that happening anytime soon, even if I need to take breaks once in a while. My other blogs died for different reasons (blogging about history took way too much research I didn't have time for, and painting my nails almost daily got old pretty fast).
What is the best thing about blogging?
Definitely the book blogging community! Most people I know in my personal life don't read that much – or are sick of listening to me talk about books – so it's kind of life changing to have all of you to talk books with! It's given me both a great outlet for something I'm passionate about and a lot of great friends.
What is the worst thing? What do you do to make it okay?
Honestly, it's the time commitment. I know I put a lot of pressure on myself to post more often than necessary, and feel bad when I skip a day or two. I'm working on giving myself some slack when it comes to blogging. Because, as much as I love it, it still feels like a second job I don't get paid for. So I need to have a better balance between blogging and everything else in my life.
How long does it take you to make/find pictures to use?
My headers take maybe ten minutes max. I wish I had time to take nice pictures for each post, but most of the time, I'm struggling just to get the posts up on time. Someday, though.
Who is your book crush?
I've said it before, and I'll say it again: Neville Longbottom. I loved him even before the movies came out, and way before Matthew Lewis "Longbottomed". When all the other girls were obsessing over Harry or Draco, I was falling in love with Neville. Also, Mr. Darcy. Always Mr. Darcy.
What author would you like to have on your blog?
After meeting her this past weekend, I'd have to say Taylor Jenkins Reid. She's one of my favorite authors, and so, so kind. I've met quite a few authors, and she was one of the easiest to talk to. I felt like we could easily sit down and have a conversation, and it made me love her even more.
What do you wear when you write your blog posts?
I either write my posts at work (don't tell my boss) wearing my usual business casual, which for me is skinny black pants, a cardigan, and usually a blouse from ModCloth with a weird print (current favorites are Indian-inspired elephants and cacti). But, more often than not, I'm at home in pajama pants from Target and an oversized t-shirt.
How long does it take you to prepare?
It depends on the post. Book reviews take maybe forty-five minutes to an hour to write, plus the time it takes to read the book. Tags or lists usually take less time, unless research is required. And I'm currently working on a few future posts that will likely end up being the product of several months of preparation. I try to balance easier posts with ones that take longer to write.
How do you feel about the blogging community?
I LOVE IT. Seriously, the blogging community has made a huge impact on my life. It doesn't matter what I'm going through, or if I talk about it online or keep it private, I always feel supported, and that has honestly changed my life.
What do you think one should do to create a successful blog?
Talk about what you're passionate about. I've had a few very different blogs over the years, and readers can tell when you don't enjoy what you're doing. Show your personality – for me, it doesn't matter if you're talking about books or makeup or weird history, if I enjoy your personality, I'll read or watch whatever you're posting and come back for more.
That's it for this tag! I hope you enjoyed it. If you're interested in doing this tag, consider yourself tagged!
So, when I went to publish this, I discovered I'd actually already done this tag three years ago! Guess that's what happens when you've been blogging for so long. Go out my first Secret Life of a Book Blogger Tag if you're curious!


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Fans of MTV's "The Hills" won't settle for just any blonde reality starlet.
Following Lauren Conrad's departure, almost one-third of the show's audience has fled from the semi-scripted reality series.
VIEW THE PHOTOS: Lauren Conrad: From 'Hills' Queen To 'L.A.' Author!
When news broke that LC was leaving the series, some of her fellow cast members, including Spencer Pratt and Heidi Montag, slammed the idea that the show would suffer without its original leading lady.
"We don't need her. We'll miss her. I just don't know if we need her," Heidi previously told MTV News.
VIEW THE PHOTOS: Heidi Montag & Spencer Pratt
But it appears the blonde may have been wrong.
According to Media Life Magazine, the audience for the September 29 season premiere with new leading lady and LC rival, Kristin Cavallari, was down 30 percent compared to the prior season's debut, which starred LC.
The Season 5, Part 2 premiere netted just 2.36 million total viewers and three weeks later the number of people tuning in had slipped even further to 1.72 million. And among 18-34-year-olds, current episodes are getting less than half of the 2.3 million fans that tuned in each weak two seasons ago.
VIEW THE PHOTOS: Stars Of 'The Hills'
MTV noted that it's still the network's second-most-watched show and the highest-rated program on television in its timeslot for viewers 12-34.
Could Kristin be the problem? Or possibly her candid take on show the show is crafted?
"I pretty much do anything they have me do because I don't care," she told the Los Angeles Times in September, just before her season debut. "I mean, we're filming a TV show. Let's make it interesting. Let's have a good time with it."
The MTV series' scripted tendencies are not exactly a secret, but previous stars have been a bit more tightlipped about how the show is produced – well, until Kristin came along.
"Everyone is trying to get story lines and create drama in their lives," she continued in Times interview. "It's just so…fake. There's no truth to it. At all."
As for Lauren, since leaving "The Hills" she's had a best-selling novel — "L.A. Candy" --which is loosely based on her experiences on the MTV series. The novel, which is just the first in a series of planned books, has also been option by Summit Entertainment as a feature film.
Following her last episode of the "The Hills" in June, LC blogged, "A part of me is sad to say goodbye to something that has been such a prominent part of my life, but I know that it was time and I am very happy with my decision."
Related Content from AccessHollywood.com:
PLAY IT NOW: Fashion Flashback: Lauren Conrad
PLAY IT NOW: Heidi Pratt: My Playboy Cover Is 'Beautiful Art'
MORE ACCESS ON THESE TOPICS: The Hills - Lauren Conrad - Kristin Cavallari - TV - Heidi Montag


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News Release 2009-99 | August 26, 2009
OCC Issues Additional Guidance on Credit Card Account Rate Increases
WASHINGTON — The Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) issued a bulletin today on provisions of the Credit Card Accountability Responsibility and Disclosure Act of 2009 (Credit CARD Act). The bulletin describes an interim final rule issued by the Federal Reserve Board that requires banks to notify customers 45 days in advance of any rate increase or significant changes in credit card account terms. The rules also require lenders to disclose that their customers have the right to reject those changes.
However, under the rules, the new rates or terms can be applied to any transaction that occurs more than 14 days after the notice is provided – even if the customer ultimately rejects the changes. The rules do not require creditors to tell their customers that new terms can be applied during the 45-day period.
Until the issue is clarified in Federal Reserve rulemaking, the OCC is directing national banks to include an additional disclosure to notify consumers of this consequence. The OCC believes that this additional disclosure will prevent consumer confusion, particularly for customers who opt to reject the changes in terms.
Today's bulletin is the second guidance that the OCC has issued about the Credit CARD Act. On July 30, the OCC issued Bulletin 2009-25 to remind national banks that effective August 22, 2010, they must conduct periodic reviews of accounts whose interest rates have been increased since January 1, 2009, based on factors including market conditions and borrower credit risk. If such factors have changed, the Credit CARD Act requires that the rates on the accounts must be reduced. The OCC required national banks to maintain and have available information concerning any rate increases as needed to conduct the required periodic reviews.
Media Contact
Dean DeBuck
(202) 874-5770
- Topic(s):


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The Syrian rebel leadership may hold more sway over the revolution's political future than the Syrian opposition's external political leadership which is falling back into disarray after showing encouraging signs of cohesion. It is therefor important to understand the rebels' political goals. Most groups have not detailed any vision for post-Assad Syria while others have given broad descriptions of the state they seek to build. The Umma Brigade, an Islamist rebel formation operating in northern Syria, is fairly unique in that they published a detailed political manifesto in December 2012.
The Umma Brigade has been widely covered in western press. It's founder, Mehdi al-Harati, is an Irish-Libyan who participated in the Gaza Flotilla in 2010, before leading the Thuwar Libya Brigade into Tripoli in 2011. He then served as Deputy Head of the Tripoli Military Council before relocating to Syria in the spring of 2012 to found the Umma Brigade in Kafr Nabl. With funding from sheikhs in Kuwait, the Umma Brigade rapidly expanded and gained a reputation for being well supplied and trained relative to many FSA groups. The Umma Brigade is an Islamist group and has even been referred to as "Salafist" in a report published by the Idlib Revolutionary Council.
In the fall of 2012, the core of the Umma Brigade got bogged down in the fight for Wadi Deif along with many Idlib rebel groups. Around that time, the brigade's Libyan leadership was reportedly barred from reentering Syria by the Turkish government. The brigade has since been under Syrian leadership.
In late December, the Umma Brigade published a document entitled "a political vision for establishing a system of government." This political manifesto laid out 25 guiding principles for a future Syrian state. Some of the significant clauses are translated below.
While this document has some relatively liberal clauses regarding religious and ethnic pluralism, it also includes deeply troubling phrases for those in favor of a secular state. For example, the first clause cites Sharia as "the reference for all state affairs," and clause 14, gives the state a role in the "prevention of vice and promotion of virtue," a phrase often used to justify the establishment of religious police.
While there is little risk of this document being implemented in the near term, it does provide a window into the type of constitution that Islamist rebel groups are likely to promote in the future.
Significant Clauses:
1) "Islam and Sharia (Book and Sunna) is the reference for all state affairs including the constitutional, political, legislative, judicial, economic and media."
2) "The People are the source of power through direct and free elections"
5) "The separation of powers between the executive, legislative, judicial and financial institutions as did the caliphs"
8) "Respect for human rights and dignity"
9) "Respect for religious and ethnic pluralism and cultural components of the Syrian people. There is no compulsion in religion, nor the persecution of minorities on the basis of religion or nationality."
10) "The protection of individual freedoms and privacy in their homes, meetings and contacts, and no spying on them."
12) "Justice, equality and equal opportunities for all, in public, in front of the judiciary, and in all that is shared by society, without any discrimination."
13) "Promote the positive role of women in society, and approve all their legitimate political, social, economic, scientific and professional rights, as stated in the Hadith (women are the sisters of men)."
14) "Carry the message of Islam to the world, and the Dawa to it in everyway, in word and deed. strengthen the position of the jurists, scholars, and preachers, and provide whatever help to them in carrying out their responsibilities… and the Promotion of Virtue and Prevention of Vice…The promotion of ethical values…and protection of the family and the people, and promote science, culture, and knowledge. Care for the Arabic language and literature, connecting the nation to its religion and its faith as well as its identity, history, and civilization"
16) "Open the way for civil society to do all activity it needs, whether political, professional, cultural, or legal, by allowing the establishment of advocacy groups, charities, trade unions, and political organizations."
18) "Protection of private property, and maintenance of public funds"
19) "Protection of agricultural, residential and pastoral land…and the distribution of land to everyone equally."
24) "Rejection of any foreign aggression on any Islamic country. The right of the nation to resist aggression, and liberate their land…and for the district of the Zionist entity, a refusal to deal with it, and work for the liberation of the land of Palestine, and retrieval of Jerusalem and Al-Aqsa Mosque, and the right of the Palestinian people abroad return to their land, and establish their own. Reject any agreements or treaties which waive any rights of the nation to an inch of its land or interests. There is no recognition of those treaties."


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The countdown is on
Flight instructor Cord Becker is a former Lufthansa pilot with around 20,000 flight hours under his belt. He regularly writes about aviation topics. This time, he talks about how pilots prepare for a flight
When you're a pilot, everything revolves around time. Planning and preparation are crucial, and begin long in advance of each flight, this time a long haul to Vancouver. A good two hours before departure, I arrive at the crew center in Frankfurt and shortly afterwards, meet up with my colleagues. We plug in our laptops and upload all the data relevant to the flight. Together, we discuss the weather forecast and our route. They determine how much fuel we will need, and we order it by pressing a button.
We hold a short briefing session with the cabin crew and then it's time to pass through the security check and board the waiting crew bus. One hour to go. We board the aircraft as it's being fueled. Fueling can take up to an hour depending on the amount of kerosene required. In the cockpit, I phone the flight manager on my cell phone, saying (usually): "Good morning, everything is okay, boarding can go ahead as planned." A member of the cockpit crew now does the so-called "walk around," which involves inspecting the aircraft from the ground and checking that landing gear, engines, wings and other components are all in good shape. Forty-five minutes until takeoff, the cleaners and caterers have come and gone, and fueling is completed. The captain consults the log book detailing the aircraft's current technical data and endorses it with his signature. We upload the flight data (routes, flight altitudes and wind information) to our navigation computer and go through it once again. Then we calculate our takeoff speed and check our calculations several times because a mistake at this stage could have serious consequences.
The passengers begin boarding while the ramp agents are still busy loading the luggage. In the cockpit, the pilots run through the planned departure route and decide what to do in the case of engine failure – we are prepared for all eventualities. Then we request clearance from the tower and start going through our first checklists to ensure the proper functioning of all systems. We receive the final number of passengers on board and the cargo doors close. By now we know our exact takeoff weight and can finalize our calculations. Just before starting the engines, we go through the final checklist. LH494 pushes back right on time. Ten minutes later, we receive clearance from the tower and the runway is ours. We climb steadily for three minutes through thick cloud on this cold, dreary day but emerge suddenly into bright sunlight, leaving the hustle and bustle of the airport far below. Over the course of the next ten and a quarter hours we ferry our passengers safely over Greenland and across a sea of ice toward Vancouver on the west coast of Canada.