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Richard Stallmanrichard stallman, richard stallman net worth
Richard Matthew Stallman born March 16, 1953, often known by his initials, rms, is an American software freedom activist and programmer He campaigns for software to be distributed in a manner such that its users receive the freedoms to use, study, distribute and modify that software Software that ensures these freedoms is termed free software Stallman launched the GNU Project, founded the Free Software Foundation, developed the GNU Compiler Collection and GNU Emacs, and wrote the GNU General Public License
Stallman launched the GNU Project in September 1983 to create a Unix-like computer operating system composed entirely of free software With this, he also launched the free software movement He has been the GNU project's lead architect and organizer, and developed a number of pieces of widely used GNU software including, among others, the GNU Compiler Collection, the GNU Debugger and the GNU Emacs text editor In October 1985 he founded the Free Software Foundation
Stallman pioneered the concept of copyleft, which uses the principles of copyright law to preserve the right to use, modify and distribute free software, and is the main author of free software licenses which describe those terms, most notably the GNU General Public License GPL, the most widely used free software license
In 1989 he co-founded the League for Programming Freedom Since the mid-1990s, Stallman has spent most of his time advocating for free software, as well as campaigning against software patents, digital rights management, and other legal and technical systems which he sees as taking away users' freedoms, including software license agreements, non-disclosure agreements, activation keys, dongles, copy restriction, proprietary formats and binary executables without source code
As of 2016, he has received fifteen honorary doctorates and professorships see Honors and awards
- 1 Early life
- 11 Harvard University and MIT
- 2 Events leading to GNU
- 3 GNU project
- 4 Activism
- 41 Copyright reduction
- 42 Surveillance resistance
- 5 Terminology
- 51 Rejections
- 511 Open source for free software
- 512 Linux for the GNU Project
- 51 Rejections
- 6 Personal life
- 7 Honors and awards
- 8 Selected publications
- 9 See also
- 10 References
- 11 External links
Early life
Stallman was born to Alice Lippman, a school teacher, and Daniel Stallman, a printing press broker, in 1953 in New York City He was interested in computers at a young age; when Stallman was a pre-teen at a summer camp, he read manuals for the IBM 7094 From 1967 to 1969, Stallman attended a Columbia University Saturday program for high school students Stallman was also a volunteer laboratory assistant in the biology department at Rockefeller University Although he was interested in mathematics and physics, his teaching professor at Rockefeller thought he showed promise as a biologist
His first experience with actual computers was at the IBM New York Scientific Center when he was in high school He was hired for the summer in 1970, following his senior year of high school, to write a numerical analysis program in Fortran He completed the task after a couple of weeks "I swore that I would never use FORTRAN again because I despised it as a language compared with other languages" and spent the rest of the summer writing a text editor in APL and a preprocessor for the PL/I programming language on the IBM System/360
Harvard University and MIT
As a first-year student at Harvard University in fall 1970, Stallman was known for his strong performance in Math 55 He was happy: "For the first time in my life, I felt I had found a home at Harvard"
In 1971, near the end of his first year at Harvard, he became a programmer at the MIT Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, and became a regular in the hacker community, where he was usually known by his initials, RMS which was the name of his computer accounts Stallman graduated from Harvard magna cum laude earning a bachelor's degree in Physics in 1974
Stallman considered staying on at Harvard, but instead he decided to enroll as a graduate student at MIT He ended his pursuit of a doctorate in physics after one year, in order to focus on his programming at the MIT AI Laboratory
While working starting in 1975 as a research assistant at MIT under Gerry Sussman, Stallman published a paper with Sussman in 1977 on an AI truth maintenance system, called dependency-directed backtracking This paper was an early work on the problem of intelligent backtracking in constraint satisfaction problems As of 2009, the technique Stallman and Sussman introduced is still the most general and powerful form of intelligent backtracking The technique of constraint recording, wherein partial results of a search are recorded for later reuse, was also introduced in this paper
As a hacker in MIT's AI laboratory, Stallman worked on software projects such as TECO, Emacs for ITS, and the Lisp machine operating system the CONS of 1974–1976 and the CADR of 1977–1979—this latter unit was commercialized by Symbolics and LMI starting around 1980 He would become an ardent critic of restricted computer access in the lab, which at that time was funded primarily by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency When MIT's Laboratory for Computer Science LCS installed a password control system in 1977, Stallman found a way to decrypt the passwords and sent users messages containing their decoded password, with a suggestion to change it to the empty string that is, no password instead, to re-enable anonymous access to the systems Around 20% of the users followed his advice at the time, although passwords ultimately prevailed Stallman boasted of the success of his campaign for many years afterward
Events leading to GNU
In the late 1970s and early 1980s, the hacker culture that Stallman thrived on began to fragment To prevent software from being used on their competitors' computers, most manufacturers stopped distributing source code and began using copyright and restrictive software licenses to limit or prohibit copying and redistribution Such proprietary software had existed before, and it became apparent that it would become the norm This shift in the legal characteristics of software can be regarded as a consequence triggered by the US Copyright Act of 1976, as stated by Stallman's MIT colleague Brewster Kahle
When Brian Reid in 1979 placed time bombs in the Scribe markup language and word processing system to restrict unlicensed access to the software, Stallman proclaimed it "a crime against humanity" During an interview in 2008, he clarified that it is blocking the user's freedom that he believes is a crime, not the issue of charging for the software Stallman's texinfo is a GPL replacement, loosely based on Scribe; the original version was finished in 1986
In 1980, Stallman and some other hackers at the AI Lab were refused access to the source code for the software of a newly installed laser printer, the Xerox 9700 Stallman had modified the software for the Lab's previous laser printer the XGP, Xerographic Printer, so it electronically messaged a user when the person's job was printed, and would message all logged-in users waiting for print jobs if the printer was jammed Not being able to add these features to the new printer was a major inconvenience, as the printer was on a different floor from most of the users This experience convinced Stallman of people's need to be able to freely modify the software they use
Richard Greenblatt, a fellow AI Lab hacker, founded Lisp Machines, Inc LMI to market Lisp machines, which he and Tom Knight designed at the lab Greenblatt rejected outside investment, believing that the proceeds from the construction and sale of a few machines could be profitably reinvested in the growth of the company In contrast, the other hackers felt that the venture capital-funded approach was better As no agreement could be reached, hackers from the latter camp founded Symbolics, with the aid of Russ Noftsker, an AI Lab administrator Symbolics recruited most of the remaining hackers including notable hacker Bill Gosper, who then left the AI Lab Symbolics also forced Greenblatt to resign by citing MIT policies While both companies delivered proprietary software, Stallman believed that LMI, unlike Symbolics, had tried to avoid hurting the lab's community For two years, from 1982 to the end of 1983, Stallman worked by himself to clone the output of the Symbolics programmers, with the aim of preventing them from gaining a monopoly on the lab's computers
Stallman argues that software users should have the freedom to share with their neighbors and be able to study and make changes to the software that they use He maintains that attempts by proprietary software vendors to prohibit these acts are antisocial and unethical The phrase "software wants to be free" is often incorrectly attributed to him, and Stallman argues that this is a misstatement of his philosophy He argues that freedom is vital for the sake of users and society as a moral value, and not merely for pragmatic reasons such as possibly developing technically superior software Eric S Raymond, one of the creators of the open source movement, argues that moral arguments, rather than pragmatic ones, alienate potential allies and hurt the end goal of removing code secrecy
In February 1984, Stallman quit his job at MIT to work full-time on the GNU project, which he had announced in September 1983 Since then, he has remained affiliated with MIT as an unpaid visiting scientist in the Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Until "around 1998," he maintained an office at the Institute that doubled as his legal residence
GNU projectMain article: GNU Project Richard Stallman in 2003 at the opening ceremony of NIXAL a GLUG at Netaji Subhash Engineering College, Calcutta, India
Stallman announced the plan for the GNU operating system in September 1983 on several ARPANET mailing lists and USENET
Stallman started the project on his own and describes: "As an operating system developer, I had the right skills for this job So even though I could not take success for granted, I realized that I was elected to do the job I chose to make the system compatible with Unix so that it would be portable, and so that Unix users could easily switch to it"
In 1985, Stallman published the GNU Manifesto, which outlined his motivation for creating a free operating system called GNU, which would be compatible with Unix The name GNU is a recursive acronym for "GNU's Not Unix" Soon after, he started a nonprofit corporation called the Free Software Foundation to employ free software programmers and provide a legal infrastructure for the free software movement Stallman is the nonsalaried president of the FSF, which is a 501c3 nonprofit organization founded in Massachusetts Stallman popularized the concept of copyleft, a legal mechanism to protect the modification and redistribution rights for free software It was first implemented in the GNU Emacs General Public License, and in 1989 the first program-independent GNU General Public License GPL was released By then, much of the GNU system had been completed
Stallman was responsible for contributing many necessary tools, including a text editor Emacs, compiler GCC, debugger GNU Debugger, and a build automator GNU make The notable omission was a kernel In 1990, members of the GNU project began using Carnegie Mellon's Mach microkernel in a project called GNU Hurd, which has yet to achieve the maturity level required for full POSIX compliance
In 1991, Linus Torvalds, a Finnish student, used the GNU's development tools to produce the free monolithic Linux kernel The existing programs from the GNU project were readily ported to run on the resultant platform Most sources use the name Linux to refer to the general-purpose operating system thus formed, while Stallman and the FSF call it GNU/Linux This has been a longstanding naming controversy in the free software community Stallman argues that not using GNU in the name of the operating system unfairly disparages the value of the GNU project and harms the sustainability of the free software movement by breaking the link between the software and the free software philosophy of the GNU projectCover picture for O'Reilly Media's book Free as in Freedom
Stallman's influences on hacker culture include the name POSIX and the Emacs editor On Unix systems, GNU Emacs's popularity rivaled that of another editor vi, spawning an editor war Stallman's take on this was to canonize himself as St IGNUcius of the Church of Emacs and acknowledge that "vi vi vi is the editor of the beast," while "using a free version of vi is not a sin; it is a penance"
In 1992, developers at Lucid Inc doing their own work on Emacs clashed with Stallman and ultimately forked the software into what would become XEmacs Technology journalist Andrew Leonard has characterized what he sees as Stallman's uncompromising stubbornness as common among elite computer programmers:
There's something comforting about Stallman's intransigence Win or lose, Stallman will never give up He'll be the stubbornest mule on the farm until the day he dies Call it fixity of purpose, or just plain cussedness, his single-minded commitment and brutal honesty are refreshing in a world of spin-meisters and multimillion-dollar marketing campaigns— Andrew Leonard, Saloncom
ActivismRichard Stallman giving a speech on "Free Software and your freedom" at the biennale du design of Saint-Étienne 2008
Stallman has written many essays on software freedom, and has been an outspoken political campaigner for the free software movement since the early 1990s The speeches he has regularly given are titled The GNU Project and the Free Software Movement, The Dangers of Software Patents, and Copyright and Community in the Age of Computer Networks In 2006 and 2007, during the eighteen month public consultation for the drafting of version 3 of the GNU General Public License, he added a fourth topic explaining the proposed changes
Linus Torvalds has criticized Stallman for what he considers "black-and-white thinking"
Stallman's staunch advocacy for free software inspired the creation of the Virtual Richard M Stallman vrms, software that analyzes the packages currently installed on a Debian GNU/Linux system, and reports those that are from the non-free tree Stallman disagrees with parts of Debian's definition of free software
In 1999, Stallman called for development of a free online encyclopedia through the means of inviting the public to contribute articles The resulting GNUPedia was eventually retired in favour of the emerging Wikipedia, which had similar aims and was enjoying greater success
Stallman is a world traveler and has visited at least 65 countries, mostly to speak about free software and the GNU project According to Stallman, the free software movement has much in common with that of Mahatma Gandhi
In Venezuela, Stallman has delivered public speeches and promoted the adoption of free software in the state's oil company PDVSA, in municipal government, and in the nation's military In meetings with Hugo Chávez and in public speeches, Stallman criticised some policies on television broadcasting, free speech rights, and privacy Stallman was on the Advisory Council of Latin American television station teleSUR from its launch but resigned in February 2011, criticizing pro-Gaddafi propaganda during the Arab Spring
In August 2006, at his meetings with the government of the Indian State of Kerala, he persuaded officials to discard proprietary software, such as Microsoft's, at state-run schools This has resulted in a landmark decision to switch all school computers in 12,500 high schools from Windows to a free software operating system
After personal meetings, Stallman obtained positive statements about the free software movement from the then-president of India, Dr A P J Abdul Kalam, French 2007 presidential candidate Ségolène Royal, and the president of Ecuador Rafael Correa
On November 30, 2012, Stallman gave the opening lecture at the Goiano Free Software Forum in Brazil, talking about successful cases of switching to free software in government, business and at universities
Stallman has participated in protests about software patents, DRM, and proprietary software
Protesting against proprietary software in April 2006, Stallman held a "Don't buy from ATI, enemy of your freedom" placard at a speech by an ATI representative in the building where Stallman worked, resulting in the police being called ATI has since merged with AMD Corporation and has taken steps to make their hardware documentation available for use by the free software community
In response to Apple's Macintosh look and feel lawsuits against Microsoft and Hewlett-Packard in 1988, Stallman called for a boycott of Apple products on the grounds that a successful look-and-feel lawsuit would "put an end to free software that could substitute for commercial software" The boycott was lifted in 1995, which meant the FSF started to accept patches to GNU software for Apple operating systemsRichard M Stallman at Swatantra 2014 International Free Software Conference by ICFOSS in Kerala, India
Stallman has characterized Steve Jobs as having a "malign influence" on computing because of Jobs' leadership in guiding Apple to produce closed platforms In 1993, while Jobs was at NeXT, Jobs asked Stallman if he could distribute a modified GCC in two parts, one part under GPL and the other part, an Objective-C preprocessor under a proprietary license Stallman initially thought this would be legal, but since he also thought it would be "very undesirable for free software", he asked a lawyer for advice The response he got was that judges would consider such schemes to be "subterfuges" and would be very harsh toward them, and a judge would ask whether it was "really" one program, rather than how the parts were labeled Therefore, Stallman sent a message back to Jobs which said they believed Jobs' plan was not allowed by the GPL, which resulted in NeXT releasing the Objective-C front end under GPL
Commenting on Jobs' death, he said
As Chicago Mayor Harold Washington said of the corrupt former Mayor Daley, "I'm not glad he's dead, but I'm glad he's gone"— Richard Stallman
Stallman's remark stirred up accusations of being in bad taste, while Eric S Raymond, author of The Cathedral and the Bazaar, observed that Stallman's statement was not personal, but was simply criticizing walled gardens
For a period of time, Stallman used a notebook from the One Laptop per Child program Stallman's computer is a refurbished ThinkPad X60 with Libreboot, a free BIOS replacement, and the GNU/Linux distribution Trisquel Before the ThinkPad, Stallman used the Lemote Yeeloong netbook using the same company's Loongson processor which he chose because, like the X60, it could run with free software at the BIOS level, stating "freedom is my priority I've campaigned for freedom since 1983, and I am not going to surrender that freedom for the sake of a more convenient computer" Stallman's Lemote was stolen from him in 2012 while in Argentina Before Trisquel, Stallman has used the gNewSense operating system
Copyright reduction
Stallman has regularly given a talk entitled "Copyright vs Community" where he reviews the state of DRM and names many of the products and corporations which he boycotts His approach to DRM is best summed up by the FSF Defective by Design campaign In the talks, he makes proposals for a "reduced copyright" and suggests a 10-year limit on copyright He suggests that, instead of restrictions on sharing, authors be supported using a tax, with revenues distributed among them based on cubic roots of their popularity to ensure that "fairly successful non-stars" receive a greater share than they do now compare with private copying levy which is associated with proponents of strong copyright, or a convenient anonymous micropayment system for people to support authors directly He indicates that no form of non-commercial sharing of copies should be considered a copyright violation He has advocated civil disobedience in a comment on Ley Sinde
Stallman has also helped and supported the International Music Score Library Project in getting back on-line, after it had been taken down on October 19, 2007 following a cease and desist letter from Universal Edition
Stallman mentions the dangers some e-books bring compared to paper books, with the example of the Amazon Kindle e-reader that prevents the copying of e-books and allows Amazon to order automatic deletion of a book He says that such e-books present a big step backward with respect to paper books by being less easy to use, copy, lend to others or sell, also mentioning that Amazon e-books cannot be bought anonymously His short story "The Right to Read" provides a picture of a dystopian future if the right to share books is impeded He objects to many of the terms within typical end-user license agreements that accompany e-books
Stallman discourages the use of several storage technologies such as DVD or Blu-ray video discs because the content of such media is encrypted He considers manufacturers' use of encryption on non-secret data to force the user to view certain promotional material as a conspiracy
He recognized the Sony BMG copy protection rootkit scandal to be a criminal act by Sony Stallman supports a general boycott of Sony for its legal actions against George HotzRichard Stallman using his Lemote machine at Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai before his lecture on 'Free Software, Freedom and Education' organized by Free Software Foundation, Tamil Nadu
Stallman has suggested that the United States government may encourage the use of software as a service because this would allow them to access users' data without needing a search warrant
Surveillance resistance
Stallman professes admiration for whistleblowers Julian Assange and Edward Snowden; he advocates for Snowden in his email signature, which can be found in several mailing lists, after Snowden leaked the PRISM scandal in 2013:
To any NSA and FBI agents reading my email: please consider whether defending the US Constitution against all enemies, foreign or domestic, requires you to follow Snowden's example— Richard Stallman, email signature
TerminologyRichard Stallman gets into his St IGNUcius avatar Monastir, Tunisia, 2012
Stallman places great importance on the words and labels people use to talk about the world, including the relationship between software and freedom He asks people to say, free software and GNU/Linux, and to avoid the terms intellectual property and piracy in relation to copyright One of his criteria for giving an interview to a journalist is that the journalist agree to use his terminology throughout the article He has been known to turn down speaking requests over some terminology issues
Stallman argues that the term "intellectual property" is designed to confuse people, and is used to prevent intelligent discussion on the specifics of copyright, patent, trademark, and other laws by lumping together areas of law that are more dissimilar, than similar He also argues that by referring to these laws as property laws, the term biases the discussion when thinking about how to treat these issues
These laws originated separately, evolved differently, cover different activities, have different rules, and raise different public policy issues Copyright law was designed to promote authorship and art, and covers the details of a work of authorship or art Patent law was intended to encourage publication of ideas, at the price of finite monopolies over these ideas – a price that may be worth paying in some fields and not in others Trademark law was not intended to promote any business activity, but simply to enable buyers to know what they are buying— Richard Stallman,
An example of cautioning others to avoid other terminology while also offering suggestions for possible alternatives, is this sentence of an e-mail by Stallman to a public mailing list:
I think it is ok for authors please let's not call them creators, they are not gods to ask for money for copies of their works please let's not devalue these works by calling them content in order to gain income the term compensation falsely implies it is a matter of making up for some kind of damages— Richard Stallman,
Open source for free software
His requests that people use certain terms, and his ongoing efforts to convince people of the importance of terminology, are a source of regular misunderstanding and friction with parts of the free software and open source communities
After initially accepting the concept, Stallman rejects a common alternative term, open source software, because it does not call to mind what Stallman sees as the value of the software: freedom
Free software is a political movement; open source is a development model— Richard Stallman,
Thus, he believes that the use of the term will not inform people of the freedom issues, and will not lead to people valuing and defending their freedom Two alternatives which Stallman does accept are software libre and unfettered software, but free software is the term he asks people to use in English For similar reasons, he argues for the term "proprietary software" rather than "closed source software", when referring to software that is not free software
Linux for the GNU ProjectMain article: GNU/Linux naming controversy
Stallman asks that the term GNU/Linux, which he pronounces "GNU slash Linux", be used to refer to the operating system created by combining the GNU system and the Linux kernel Stallman refers to this operating system as "a variant of GNU, and the GNU Project is its principal developer" He claims that the connection between the GNU project's philosophy and its software is broken when people refer to the combination as merely, Linux Starting around 2003, he began also using the term GNU+Linux, which he pronounces "GNU plus Linux", to prevent others from pronouncing the phrase "GNU/Linux" as "GNU Linux", which would erroneously imply that the Linux kernel is maintained by the GNU project
Personal life
Stallman has a position as an unpaid research affiliate at MIT He has said that he is "an atheist of Jewish ancestry" and often wears a button that reads "Impeach God" He denies being an anarchist despite his wariness of some legislation and the fact that he has "advocated strongly for user privacy and his own view of software freedom"
Stallman refers to mobile phones as "portable surveillance and tracking devices", and says he refuses to own a cell phone until there's one that runs entirely on free software He also avoids using a key card to enter his office building since key card systems track each location and time that someone enters the building using a card According to Stallman, with the exception of a few sites, such as his own website or sites related to his work with GNU and the FSF, he usually does not browse the web directly from his personal computer in order to prevent being connected with his browsing history Instead, he uses wget or similar programs that fetch content from web servers and then send the content to his email
Stallman drinks Pepsi and refuses to drink Coca-Cola because of the unresolved deaths of union workers at Coca-Cola plants in Colombia
Honors and awards
Stallman has received recognition for his work, including:
- 1986: Honorary lifetime membership of the Chalmers University of Technology Computer Society
- 1990: Exceptional merit award MacArthur Fellowship "genius grant"
- 1990: The Association for Computing Machinery's Grace Murray Hopper Award "For pioneering work in the development of the extensible editor EMACS Editing Macros"
- 1996: Honorary doctorate from Sweden's Royal Institute of Technology
- 1998: Electronic Frontier Foundation's Pioneer award
- 1999: Yuri Rubinsky Memorial Award
- 2001: The Takeda Techno-Entrepreneurship Award for Social/Economic Well-Being 武田研究奨励賞
- 2001: Honorary doctorate, from the University of Glasgow
- 2002: United States National Academy of Engineering membership
- 2003: Honorary doctorate, from the Vrije Universiteit Brussel
- 2004: Honorary doctorate, from the Universidad Nacional de Salta
- 2004: Honorary professorship, from the Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería del Perú
- 2007: Honorary professorship, from the Universidad Inca Garcilaso de la Vega
- 2007: First Premio Internacional Extremadura al Conocimiento Libre
- 2007: Honorary doctorate, from the Universidad de Los Angeles de Chimbote
- 2007: Honorary doctorate, from the University of Pavia
- 2008: Honorary doctorate from the Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, in Peru
- 2009: Honorary doctorate, from Lakehead University
- 2011: Honorary doctorate, from National University of Córdoba
- 2012: Honorary professorship, from the Universidad César Vallejo de Trujillo, in Peru
- 2012: Honorary doctorate, from the Universidad Latinoamericana Cima de Tacna, in Peru
- 2012: Honorary doctorate, from the Universidad José Faustino Sanchez Carrió, in Peru
- 2014: Honorary doctorate, from Concordia University, in Montréal
- 2015: ACM Software System Award "For the development and leadership of GCC"
- 2016: Honorary doctorate, from Pierre and Marie Curie University
Selected publicationsManuals
- Stallman, Richard M 1980 EMACS: The Extensible, Customizable, Self-Documenting Display Editor Cambridge Massachusetts: MIT: MIT Artificial Intelligence Laboratory publication AIM-519A
- Stallman, Richard M 2002 GNU Emacs Manual Boston, Massachusetts: GNU Press ISBN 1-882114-85-X
- Stallman, Richard M; McGrath, Roland; & Smith, Paul D 2004 GNU Make: A Program for Directed Compilation Boston, Massachusetts: GNU Press ISBN 1-882114-83-3 CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list link
- Stallman, Richard M 2010 Free Software, Free Society: Selected Essays of Richard M Stallman PDF Second ed Boston, Massachusetts: GNU Press ISBN 978-0-9831592-0-9
See also
- Biography portal
- United States portal
- Free software portal
- 9882 Stallman
- History of free and open source software
- Lisp Machine Lisp
- Revolution OS
- vrms
- Free Software Street
- ^ a b Stallman, Richard nd "Humorous Bio" Richard Stallman's 1983 biography First edition of "The Hacker's Dictionary" 'Richard Stallman' is just my mundane name; you can call me 'rms' Missing or empty |url= help; |access-date= requires |url= help
- ^ Stallman, Richard September 27, 1983 "Initial GNU announcement" Retrieved November 20, 2008
- ^ "GCC Contributors"
- ^ "Richard Stallman lecture at the Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden October 30, 1986" Retrieved September 21, 2006
- ^ Bernard S Greenberg "Multics Emacs: The History, Design and Implementation" ; "GNU Emacs FAQ" ; Jamie Zawinski "Emacs Timeline"
- ^ Stallman, Richard March 7, 2011 "The Free Software Foundation Management" Free Software Foundation Richard M Stallman, President Retrieved July 21, 2011
- ^ Wheeler, David A "Make Your Open Source Software GPL-Compatible Or Else" Retrieved November 20, 2008
- ^ a b c d e Gross, Michael 1999 "Richard Stallman: High School Misfit, Symbol of Free Software, MacArthur-Certified Genius" interview transcript The More Things Change Retrieved April 9, 2014
- ^ Williams, Sam 2002 Free as in Freedom: Richard Stallman's Crusade for Free Software O'Reilly Media ISBN 0-596-00287-4 Chapter 3 Available under the GFDL in both the initial O'Reilly edition accessed on October 27, 2006 and the updated FAIFzilla edition Retrieved October 27, 2006
- ^ Stallman, Richard M "RMS Berättar" Retrieved September 22, 2009
- ^ a b c d Williams, Sam 2002 "Chapter 6 – The Emacs Commune" Free as in freedom : Richard Stallman's crusade for free software 2nd ed Beijing: O'Reilly ISBN 0-596-00287-4
- ^ a b Williams, Sam 2002 Free as in Freedom: Richard Stallman's Crusade for Free Software O'Reilly Media ISBN 0-596-00287-4
- ^ a b c d e Lih, Andrew 2009 The Wikipedia Revolution New York City: Hyperion ISBN 978-1-4013-0371-6 OCLC 232977686
- ^ Stallman, Richard "Serious Bio" Retrieved July 17, 2015
- ^ Stallman, Richard M; Sussman, Gerald J 1977 "Forward Reasoning and Dependency-Directed Backtracking in a System for Computer-Aided Circuit analysis" PDF Artificial Intelligence 9 pp 135–196
- ^ a b Russell, Stuart; Norvig, Peter 2009 Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach 3rd ed p 229
- ^ a b Levy, S: Hackers Penguin USA, 1984
- ^ Robert X Cringely's interview with Brewster Kahle, around the 46th minute
- ^ "Richard Stallman, Live and Unplugged" Q: You once said "the prospect of charging money for software was a crime against humanity" Do you still believe this A: Well, I was not distinguishing the two meanings of free
- ^ "Texinfo - GNU Documentation System - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation FSF" Gnuorg February 19, 2015 Retrieved March 27, 2015
- ^ Gnu Status, by Richard M Stallman 5 Documentation system I now have a truly compatible pair of programs which can convert a file of texinfo format documentation into either a printed manual or an Info file Documentation files are needed for many utilities, February 1986, GNU'S BULLETIN, Volume 1 No1
- ^ Williams, Sam 2002 Free as in Freedom: Richard Stallman's Crusade for Free Software O'Reilly Media ISBN 0-596-00287-4 Chapter 1 Available under the GFDL in both the initial O'Reilly edition accessed on October 27, 2006 and the updated FAIFzilla edition Retrieved October 27, 2006
- ^ Various 1999 "Stallman chapter" Open Sources: Voices from the Open Source Revolution O'Reilly Media ISBN 1-56592-582-3 Retrieved December 9, 2006
- ^ "The Daemon, the GNU and the Penguin- by Peter H Salus" Groklawnet May 13, 2005 Retrieved July 22, 2012
- ^ "Copyleft: Pragmatic Idealism" Gnuorg Retrieved March 27, 2015
- ^ "History of the Open Source Initiative" Opensourceorg Retrieved March 27, 2015
- ^ "Why I think RMS is a fanatic, and why that matters" Esribiblioorg June 11, 2012 Retrieved July 14, 2013
- ^ http://newsmitedu/2001/stallman-1017
- ^ https://wwwcsailmitedu/user/888
- ^ https://stallmanorg/rms-lifestylehtml
- ^ "new UNIX implementation" Groupsgooglecouk Retrieved March 12, 2010
- ^ Stallman, Richard 1998 "The GNU Project" Free Software Foundation Retrieved July 7, 2012
- ^ DuBois, Steven October 15, 2010 "Free Software Foundation" Free Software Foundation Retrieved July 21, 2011
- ^ "POSIX 10031 FAQ Version 112" February 2, 2006 Retrieved July 16, 2006
- ^ "Richard Stallman: GNU/Linux and a free society" article by Takver Sunday October 10, 2004 on Melbourne Indymedia site Hosted on the Wayback machine
- ^ "St IGNUcius web page at wwwstallmanorg" Stallmanorg Retrieved March 12, 2010
- ^ Williams, Sam March 15, 2002 Free as in Freedom: Richard Stallman's Crusade for Free Software O'Reilly Media ISBN 0-596-00287-4 Retrieved November 26, 2006
- ^ "The Lemacs/FSFmacs Schism" Archived from the original on December 12, 2009 Retrieved December 12, 2009
- ^ Leonard, Andrew "Code free or die" Saloncom Retrieved September 21, 2009
- ^ "Transcript of Richard Stallman on the Free Software movement, Zagreb; 2006-03-09" FSFE Retrieved January 17, 2008
- ^ "IFSO: Richard Stallman: The Dangers of Software Patents; 2004-05-24 transcript" Ifsoie Retrieved January 17, 2008
- ^ "Copyright and Globalization in the Age of Computer Networks – GNU Project – Free Software Foundation FSF" Retrieved January 17, 2008
- ^ "GPLv3 – GNU General Public License, version 3" FSFE Retrieved January 17, 2008
- ^ "Black and white" Linus' blog November 2, 2008 Retrieved October 9, 2011
- ^ "The Virtual Richard M Stallman package" Debian Retrieved January 17, 2008
- ^ "#221807 - "vrms and RMS disagree sometimes AND depends on non-free section presence" - Debian Bug report logs" Bugsdebianorg Retrieved March 27, 2015
- ^ Richard Stallman "The Free Universal Encyclopedia and Learning Resource" Retrieved October 15, 2006
- ^ Richard Stallman "The Free Encyclopedia Project" Retrieved October 15, 2011
- ^ a b "The Shaggy God" Bostonmagazinecom Archived from the original on January 5, 2012 Retrieved July 22, 2012
- ^ "FSF India: A Q & A session with Richard M Stallman" Free Software Foundation of India Archived from the original on October 15, 2006 Retrieved November 26, 2006
- ^ "Encounter with President Chavez 2004-12-01 to 2004-12-06 — Free Software Foundation — working together for free software" Fsforg Retrieved March 27, 2015
- ^ "Chavez threatens dignitaries" Stallmanorg
- ^ Daniels, Alfonso July 26, 2005 "Chavez TV beams into South America" The Guardian London Retrieved May 22, 2010
- ^ Stallman, Richard "26 February 2011 Telesur Propaganda" Political notes from 2010: November–February Stallmanorg Retrieved June 7, 2011
- ^ "Kerala logs Microsoft out" The Financial Express Archived from the original on December 8, 2006 Retrieved March 12, 2010
- ^ "Richard Stallman Meets the President of India" Archived from the original on October 16, 2007
- ^ "Meeting between Ségolène Royal and Richard Stallman" Fsforg Retrieved July 22, 2012
- ^ "Success for free software in Latin America!" Retrieved April 20, 2014
- ^ Dionatan Simioni November 9, 2012 "9º Fórum Goiano de Software Livre | Richard Stallman estará lá - Diolinux - Notícias, Tutoriais e Games para Linux" Diolinuxcombr Retrieved March 27, 2015
- ^ "Protest in Brussels against software patents" Wienkpoeat Retrieved March 27, 2015
- ^ "Protest outside and inside MPAA meeting on DRM" Mccullaghorg Retrieved July 22, 2012
- ^ "Protest in France against DRM" Stopdrminfo Retrieved July 22, 2012
- ^ "Protest against ATI nearly led to the arrest of RMS" Free Software Foundation page
- ^ "AMD will deliver open graphics drivers" Itknowledgeexchangetechtargetcom May 9, 2007 Retrieved July 22, 2012
- ^ "GNU's Bulletin, vol 1 no 5 - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation" Gnuorg June 11, 1988 Retrieved March 27, 2015
- ^ "GNU's Bulletin, vol 1 no 18 - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation" Gnuorg Retrieved March 27, 2015
- ^ a b Clarke, Gavin October 10, 2011 "Stallman: Jobs exerted 'malign influence' on computing" Theregistercouk Retrieved July 22, 2012
- ^ a b Stallman, Richard "06 October 2011 Steve Jobs" Political notes from 2011: July–October Stallmanorg Retrieved February 16, 2012
- ^ "I hate to have to play this role with a fellow hacker, but" Clispcvssourceforgenet Retrieved March 27, 2015
- ^ a b "How I do my computing" Archived from the original on April 10, 2016 Retrieved June 11, 2016
- ^ "the setup is a bunch of nerdy interviews: What do people use to get the job done" Richardstallmanusesthiscom January 23, 2010 Retrieved March 12, 2010
- ^ Guillermo Rauch June 9, 2012 "Richard Stallman has his bag stolen in Argentina" Devthoughtcom Retrieved July 22, 2012
- ^ "An interview with Richard Stallman" Richardstallmanusesthiscom January 23, 2010 Retrieved July 2, 2011
- ^ "GNU/Linux Meeting 2014: Richard Stallman è approdato a Palermo" HTMLit in Italian April 3, 2014 Retrieved July 17, 2014
- ^ Richard Stallman April 17, 2012 "Technology should help us share, not constrain us" The Guardian / Guardian News and Media Limited
- ^ a b c Miguel Mora June 8, 2011 "La 'ley Sinde' es tan injusta que debería ser desobedecida" El País in Spanish Ediciones El País, SL Retrieved April 1, 2013
- ^ "Richard Stallman Opts to Disobey Anti-Piracy Law" TorrentFreakcom June 10, 2011 Retrieved March 27, 2015
- ^ a b "Main page of the IMSLP" wikidotcom December 6, 2011 Retrieved July 22, 2012
- ^ Richard Stallman 2011–2013 "The Danger of E-Books" Free Software Foundation Retrieved March 27, 2013
- ^ Stallman, Richard "Why Upgrade to GPLv3" GNU Project Free Software Foundation Retrieved October 16, 2014 Under the and similar laws, it is illegal to distribute DVD players unless they restrict the user according to the official rules of the DVD conspiracy
- ^ "Boycott Sony" Defectivebydesignorg Retrieved March 27, 2015
- ^ Arthur, Charles December 14, 2010 "Google's ChromeOS means losing control of data, warns GNU founder Richard Stallman" guardiancouk Guardian Retrieved February 16, 2012
- ^ Adhikari, Richard "Why Richard Stallman Takes No Shine to Chrome" LinuxInsider, December 15, 2010
- ^ Stallman, Richard September 20, 2011 "Who does that server really serve" GNU, Boston Review Retrieved January 15, 2012
- ^ Hill, Benjamin Mako February 1, 2009 "Show Me the Code" Revealing Errors Retrieved January 15, 2012 Assange, Julian April 9, 2011 "Interview Assange and RMS" London: RT Retrieved January 15, 2012 Facebook, Google, Yahoo– all these major US organizations have built-in interfaces for US intelligence It's not a matter of serving a subpoena They have an interface that they have developed for US intelligence to use
- ^ "'Join fight for privacy now!' Stallman on Snowden & how to escape surveillance" RT News July 17, 2013 Retrieved July 17, 2014
- ^ "Richard Stallman: surveillance is incompatible with democracy" Livemintcom January 22, 2014 Retrieved March 27, 2015
- ^ "Leader of the Free World, ''Wired'' Magazine, Issue 1111, November 2003" Wiredcom September 17, 1991 Retrieved July 22, 2012
- ^ a b "Linux, GNU, Freedom by Richard M Stallman" Gnuorg Retrieved July 22, 2012
- ^ "Transcript of Richard Stallman speaking on GPLv3 in Torino" March 18, 2006 Everyone who uses the term intellectual property is either confused himself or trying to confuse you
- ^ "Did You Say "Intellectual Property" It's a Seductive Mirage by Richard M Stallman" Gnuorg Retrieved July 22, 2012
- ^ "Email "IP Justice Comment on Top Policy Issues for Athens"" Mailfsfeuropeorg Retrieved March 12, 2010
- ^ Tiemann, Michael "History of the OSI" Open Source Initiative Archived from the original on April 12, 2014 Retrieved April 16, 2014
- ^ "Why "Free Software" is better than "Open Source"" Gnuorg Retrieved July 22, 2012
- ^ "Words to Avoid or Use with Care Because They Are Loaded or Confusing" Free Software Foundation Retrieved July 17, 2014
- ^ Richard Stallman April 24, 1992 "Why Software Should Be Free" gnuorg
- ^ "What's in a name by Richard Stallman" Gnuorg September 20, 2000 Retrieved July 22, 2012
- ^ "Stallman shares Takeda award of nearly $1M" MIT October 17, 2001 Retrieved November 26, 2006
- ^ "The Basement Interviews-Freeing the Code" PDF IA March 21, 2006 Retrieved April 25, 2013
- ^ François Proulx "Richard Stallman" Flickr Retrieved September 2, 2011
- ^ "Stallman joins the Internet, talks net neutrality, patents and more" Network World March 23, 2015
- ^ "GPLv3 - Transcript of Richard Stallman from the third international GPLv3 conference, Barcelona; 2006-06-22" in Catalan Fsfeuropeorg June 22, 2006 Retrieved March 27, 2015
- ^ "A Rare Glimpse into Richard Stallman's World" Informationweekcom January 6, 2006 Retrieved July 22, 2012
- ^ Stallman, Richard December 15, 2007 "Real men don't attack straw men" OpenBSD 'misc' Mailing List Retrieved March 24, 2009 For personal reasons, I do not browse the web from my computer
- ^ Lih, Andrew 2009 The Wikipedia Revolution: How a Bunch of Nobodies Created the World's Greatest Encyclopedia London: Aurum p 28 ISBN 9781845134730 OCLC 280430641 At the podium, where he often stands barefoot, he insists on drinking Pepsi, absolutely shunning its competitor in protest of the suspicious murders of unionized workers at Coca-Cola plants in Colombia
- ^ "Event details: Talk by Richard rms Stallman" Chalmers University of Technology Retrieved April 8, 2012
- ^ Archived March 7, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ a b "Richard Stallman - Award Winner" ACM Awards Association for Computing Machinery Retrieved April 28, 2016
- ^ "KTH | Honorary doctors at KTH" Kthse November 19, 2014 Retrieved March 27, 2015
- ^ "EFF: Torvalds, Stallman, Simons Win 1998 Pioneer Awards" W2efforg Retrieved March 27, 2015
- ^ "ahrefcom > Guides > Industry > WWW8 Notes: Open-Source Software and Software Patents" webarchiveorg Retrieved April 2, 2015
- ^ "The Takeda Foundation" Takeda-foundationjp Retrieved March 27, 2015
- ^ "University of Glasgow :: University news :: Archive of news :: 2001 :: February :: University announces honorary degrees to celebrate 550th anniversary" Glaacuk February 1, 2001 Retrieved March 27, 2015
- ^ "NAE Website - Dr Richard M Stallman" Naeedu Retrieved March 27, 2015
- ^ "Vrije Universiteit Brussel" Vubacbe Retrieved March 27, 2015
- ^ "RESOLUCIÓN CS N° 204/04" Bounsaeduar Retrieved March 12, 2010
- ^ "Richard Matthew Stallman ofrecerá conferencia orientada al uso del software libre" Nota de Prensa Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería del Perú Retrieved April 8, 2012
- ^ "Universidad Garcilaso realizó Conferencia Magistral a cargo del Dr Richard Stallman" Noticias Garcilasinas Universidad Inca Garcilaso de la Vega Archived from the original on June 23, 2012 Retrieved April 8, 2012
- ^ "El padre del software libre, Premio Internacional Extremadura" 20minutoses Retrieved March 27, 2015
- ^ University of Pavia "Laurea in Ingegneria Informatica a Richard Stallman"
- ^ "RMS Given Honorary Degree at Lakehead" YouTubecom May 31, 2009 Retrieved March 27, 2015
- ^ "Honorary Degree Recipients" Agoralakeheaduca May 21, 2009 Retrieved March 27, 2015
- ^ National University of Córdoba August 16, 2011 "Honoris Causa para Richard Stallman, el gurú del software libre" in Spanish
- ^ "Concordia awards 3 new honorary doctorates"
- ^ "Cérémonie des docteurs honoris causa 2016"
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I've noticed that people try to keep their html a secret by disabling the view source functionality or encrypting/decrypting the html dynamically.....is it really worth the effort?
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text:
International MBA: Studying Business in China
What is one of many distinctions that sets the George Fox MBA apart? The opportunity to take your business skills abroad.
Each year, George Fox MBA students take part in an international residency class in China or Panama. Both the Part-Time MBA and One-Year MBA programs offer this international study experience.
Spanning the Globe
Since the program's inception in 2004, more than 300 George Fox business graduate students have made weeklong trips to locales around the world. The trips are offered through a required class, Global Environment, in the MBA program. Students have the option of taking the course as a regular seven-week class at the college's Portland Center location or to participate in an international residency trip.
Course of Study
Those who travel abroad visit a variety of organizations from the financial, manufacturing, technology and services sectors. Participants complete reading and research assignments prior to traveling, along with a full day of preparation that includes a panel discussion with guest speakers who have experience working in that country.
Students make weekly journal entries before and after the trip, as well as daily entries while there in order to retain what they learn. After the trip, participants complete a reflection paper that compares what they experienced to the research they were able to conduct prior to the visit.


text:
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Airboats are driven by air. Great volumes of air must be "captured" and thrown rearward at speeds above hurricane-force. The art of propeller design includes planform shape, airfoil shape, disc diameter, pitch distribution, and, most importantly, the material and structural integrity to withstand the huge centrifugal forces involved. Water Walker has fashioned its hollow combination of carbon and fiberglass composites into a shape almost perfect for the task.
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text:
Do you ever feel overwhelmed by all the foods you feel you should or shouldn't consume every day? Ever wish for a more intuitive way to recognize nutritious foods? Well, maybe it isn't so hard after all! Often, just thinking about incorporating a variety of colors into your diet will put you on the right track. In fact, many of our needed vitamins, minerals and antioxidants are found in the actual coloring of a food.
As such, try using the following colors to liven up and enhance your diet:
White foods contain powerful antioxidants that have been shown to help respiratory health, heart health and thyroid function.
- Key Nutrients: Xanthines, Selenium
- Examples: Garlic, mushrooms, potatoes, parsnips, bananas, brown pears
These foods contain nutrients important for maintaining healthy vision, immune function and wound healing capabilities.
- Key Nutrients: Carotenoids (Pre-Vitamin A), Flavanoids, Vitamin C
- Examples: Carrots, pumpkin, squash, apricots, lemon, mangoes, oranges, peaches
Red fruits and vegetables help lower the risk of prostate cancer and cardiovascular disease.
- Key Nutrient: Lycopene
- Examples: Tomatoes, watermelon, beets, cherries, pink grapefruit, red peppers
Green foods contribute ingredients that help digestive health and help keep you feeling full longer. They also contain vitamins that influence the production of new cells and prevent changes to DNA that can lead to cancer.
- Key Nutrients: Fiber, Folate
- Examples: Asparagus, leafy greens, avocados, broccoli, artichokes, brussel sprouts, green beans
This color group contributes another antioxidant shown to have anti-aging, memory and urinary tract health benefits.
- Key Nutrient: Anthocyanins
- Examples: Blackberries, blueberries, grapes, plums, purple cabbage, eggplant, purple potatoes
So, if you find yourself feeling intimidated by all the vitamins and minerals, don't. In the end, you don't need to know the chemical names of all the different nutrients; you just have to know your colors!
Tags: diet, fruits & vegetables, nutrition, organic, produce, recipes


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Tempers rising on North Stonington Board of Selectmen
North Stonington - When the votes were tallied the night of Nov. 5, incumbent First Selectman Nicholas H. Mullane II and his challenger, Robert Testa, who secured a selectman seat alongside him, promised to put their differences aside for the good of the town.
That commitment has worn thin over the course of this year's selectmen meetings, coming to a head the night of March 11 when the discussion of one agenda item devolved into a yelling match that Mullane later called "out of control."
Now, multiple regular attendees of these meetings - several of whom would not speak on the record - say they are witnessing an unusual level of dysfunction on their governing board.
The source of that evening's 45-minute discussion was a weeks-long, fraught debate over who owned and what became of a tank of heating oil.
Though the North Stonington Volunteer Fire Company made the switch to natural gas several years ago, one tank remained on firehouse property in January. The oil, apparently contracted for removal by Richard E. White & Sons, was revealed at the Feb. 4 selectmen meeting to have been taken by Stephen Holliday - who works for White and holds the dual title of the town's highway foreman and public works director - to his own home.
The following week, Mullane and Testa argued at length over the ownership and hypothetical hazards of the oil. Testa contended the town should have overseen what he believes was taxpayer property. Mullane said it was a matter between the fire company and a private contractor.
At the next meeting, Mullane read aloud a letter from Robert Avena, one of the town's attorneys, that echoed many of his earlier statements, concluding the matter was not a legal issue the town should become involved in.
Avena also called the use of a town employee as a subcontractor "ethically problematic" and "not an ideal situation," and suggested the town follow up with Holliday to ensure the oil is properly handled.
And on March 11, when the selectmen came to their second-to-last old business agenda item, Mullane reported to the board that an independent contractor, Service Station Environmental, had disposed of the oil, and the Department of Energy and Environmental Protection had found no violations with its handling.
He then called for comments or questions from his fellow selectmen.
They rehashed a timeline of events.
And then Testa began questioning Richard White, who sat in the audience that evening. When Mullane tried to interject, Testa rebuffed him, telling him he would not allow him to "protect his friends."
"You're badgering the guy," Mullane told him, shortly after accusing Testa of "conducting an inquisition." White later called it harassment.
"I'm not badgering the guy," Testa said, his voice rising. "I'm talking to him like a man."
Later, Mark Perkins Jr., chairman of the Fire/EMS Committee, asked to comment.
"I'm not sure if you realize this," he said, addressing Testa. "Re-election's 18 months away. So stop your goddamn politicking now, and just get over it."
At an apparent stalemate, Mullane asked Selectman Mark Donahue, who had been mostly silent, if he had any wisdom.
"It doesn't seem like we're making headway on this," Donahue said, and suggested waiting for the written report from DEEP before continuing. Donahue declined to comment for this story.
But the conversation didn't appear to wind down until Mullane - who had told Testa several times to stop, that he was out of order, and tried to cut him off by saying, "The end" - said they had turned the issue into a "prize mess," telling Testa he had "exaggerated everything."
"Were things done wrong? Absolutely," Mullane said. "Was any of it intentional? I don't think so."
Shortly thereafter, the audience began to pitch in.
"For the sake of the audience, can we move on?" said Town Planner Juliet Leeming. "This is not very professional to be scolding each other."
Leeming's remark appeared to spur more murmurs among the crowd, until Bill Ricker, chairman of the Conservation Commission and a one-time selectman, stood up.
"As a member of this town, I am asking my Board of Selectmen to move on to town government issues," he said.
Finally, they did.
Meetings grow longer
In his third time challenging Mullane for his long-held first selectman seat - Mullane cemented his 15th term in the top spot last November - Testa ran on a platform of bucking the status quo.
They have different terms for perhaps one of their few pieces of common ground - Testa has accused Mullane of "stonewalling"; Mullane has called Testa's conduct a "filibuster."
But they can level on this: One of them is obstructing the business of running the town.
Ricker, who served as a selectman for one term with Mullane and former Selectman Sean Murphy, said the tone among both the selectmen and residents has changed "considerably" in recent months.
"It's changed because of the belief that if you dig deep enough, you're going to find dirt," he said. "I'm afraid there are some in town who constantly are doing the digging rather than finding the solutions to problems."
Murphy, who served as selectman alongside Mullane for six years until last fall and, before that, as a member of the Board of Education with Testa, said he never participated in a meeting as palpably tense as on the night of March 11.
"I never experienced that kind of an atmosphere when I served on the Board of Selectmen," he said.
He did experience it while serving on the Board of Education, he said, where he said members experienced "similar problems" - a lack of cooperation, issues escalating into public fights without a solution.
Testa is the common thread, he said.
"It's not a matter of the subjects that come up in meetings," he said. "It's a matter of how individuals conduct themselves ... and the amount of respect or disrespect between board members."
Murphy said he has witnessed tension for years between Mullane and Testa and their differing leadership styles, even before they served on the same board. The difference now, he said, is that Testa has an opportunity to try to change some of the things he doesn't like.
Some of the issues Testa has raised are justified, he said. And during the six years Murphy worked with Mullane, he disagreed with "a lot" of Mullane's actions.
In this case, however, Murphy said they are spending too much time on an "obvious miscommunication" - one that has turned into an attack.
Mullane shoulders some amount of responsibility for that night.
"I'm embarrassed of my own performance," he said.
But Testa's tenacity is disruptive and "self-serving," he said.
"He tried to exploit it, and he just plain is wrong," he said. "He just used it as an opportunity to get on the soapbox again."
Mullane has served as the town's first selectman almost continuously since 1983. Meetings used to last a couple of hours, he said, perhaps another half-hour if the board was dealing with a "heavy subject."
In the past few months, meetings, which begin at 7 p.m., have frequently gone past 10, even 11:30 p.m.
The board is behind, and that's Testa's plan, Mullane said - to "fragment the thing," making the board look "uncoordinated" and "unsystematic."
"He's accomplished that," he said.
As a result, Mullane said he will change the way he runs meetings. Though the agendas are bookended with two opportunities for public comments and questions, it has long been an informal policy to include taxpayers in relevant discussions.
Mullane said he will be curbing those conversations.
"We cannot be as liberal, and we cannot be so friendly with the audience," he said.
"We have a budget we have to prepare. We have a $30 or $40 million school project. We have stone walls to fix, dams to fix, and we're wasting our time on this (crap)."
'This is dirty'
Testa agrees there are better ways for the board to spend its time. But getting this sidetracked, he said, is not his doing. It's Mullane, he said, who is trying to "distract from the real issues."
Testa said Mullane has been less than forthcoming about the oil matter. Testa said he believes multiple people acted inappropriately in an intentional way, leading all of them to lose credibility. During the March 11 meeting, Testa accused Mullane of going out of his way to get Avena to write his letter.
Testa said multiple people have contacted him to express their concern about the issue, which Testa said has "torn this town apart" and "created collateral damage."
"The sentiment in our town is overwhelming that this is dirty," he said.
But ultimately, it's not about the oil, and Testa said he is not trying to drag it out, but rather highlight a "pattern of conduct."
"All that stuff is bad. It looks bad. It's an issue," he said. "But what it's really about is the public's trust and confidence in all of us. It's about the honesty and integrity of everyone involved."
The amount of time taken, he said, is the fault of Mullane. And if the issue is not resolved soon, Testa said it could have consequences for May's budget referendum.
"If the people don't trust in what you're doing, they're going to let you know it," he said.
The limelight on the issue won't matter, he said, as long as it is properly addressed. Letting it go would look worse.
"I'm not the evil guy," he said. "I just want the truth."
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text:
Remember that typo on the box art for Resident Evil: Revelations? The one even publisher Capcom admitted was "embarrassing"?
Check out the series' latest gaffe, spotted on the front page of GameFAQs by Twitter user @cvxfreak. Either they meant to say "mercenaries" or they've just straight up thrown subtlety out the window. Merchandising, merchandising!


text:
What is General Internal Medicine?
A specialist in general internal medicine is often referred to as an "internist." While internal medicine physicians also provide comprehensive care, they should not be confused with general practitioners or family medicine practitioners, both of which may provide pregnancy care, deliver babies, and treat children. An internal medicine doctor specializes only in the health care of adults.
With internal medicine, there is never an illness too big or too small. These physicians have exceptionally broad-based training, and they can care for patients in any condition -- from healthy to dealing with serious medical issues. Because their scope is so wide, internal medicine physicians can provide an excellent picture of overall health.
One of the unusual aspects of internal medicine is that physicians in this field often treat their patients for a very long time -- sometimes for life. They manage preventive care when their patients are well, and they become advocates and consultants when complex medical issues arise. Because internal medicine physicians tend to treat patients over a long period of time, they are an ideal choice to manage chronic illnesses.
There are a huge number of subspecialties within internal medicine, for example: cardiology (which deals with problems of the heart and blood vessels), nephrology (which deals with diseases of the kidneys), and hospice medicine (which tends to the special needs of patients at the end of life). General internal medicine is considered a subspecialty itself and refers to internists without another specific focus. General internists provide total, primary care for the whole body of adult patients, in sickness or in health.


text:
Braves, Dodgers sitting pretty; others face tasks
Bucs, Cards, Reds heading into final rounds of NL Central fight, with D-backs chasing
The Braves have all but punched their postseason playoff ticket, and the Dodgers are close to doing the same. That's a risky thing to predict considering how large leads occasionally have vaporized the past couple of years, but those two teams have been so good for such a long stretch of play that it's difficult to imagine either of them blinking in the final six weeks.
The 76-48 Braves took sole possession of first place in the National Least East on April 7 and have held it ever since. While the expected push from the Nationals never materialized, the Braves continued to sprint, and their 16-game lead is baseball's largest by miles.
The Braves were reminded of the importance of winning a division championship last season, when they won 94 games but finished four games behind the Nationals. And then all the months of good work went away in a single evening when they lost the NL Wild Card game to the Cardinals.
When baseball added a second Wild Card berth for the 2012 season, the goal was to, 1) keep more teams in contention longer, and, 2) increase the importance of finishing first.
The two one-game Wild Card games last year -- the Orioles over the Rangers and the Cardinals over the Braves -- did just that. The Braves would say it was about the emptiest feeling in the world, a season of such optimism ending so abruptly. They seem destined to play at least a little longer this season.
The 72-52 Dodgers are in a terrific spot as well. Since a 30-42 start, they've been baseball's best team, rising from last place in the NL West to a 7 1/2-game lead with 38 to play. They did it with a 42-10 run, a full two months of outplaying every other team in the game.
So if you're looking ahead to October, you're fairly safe in penciling in the Dodgers and Braves. All the other good stuff in the National League has yet to be decided. Specifically:
• Do the D-backs have enough to run down one of the Wild Card berths? They began the day six games behind the Reds in the race for the second Wild Card spot.
• Which of the three NL Central teams will survive a 15-round bout to win what may end up being baseball's closest division race? The Pirates began the day with a one-game lead over the Cardinals and 2 1/2 over the Reds.
First, the D-backs. This is an important week for them, beginning with a four-game series in Cincinnati that could be critical to their postseason hopes. They slipped a game further back by losing to the Reds, 5-3.
If Arizona comes out of the next three games against the Reds in good shape, it will play 16 in a row against teams with losing records. The D-backs will then finish the season with 10 games against the Rockies, Padres and Nationals.
Now, about that NL Central. The Cardinals have spent 99 days in first place, the Pirates 38 and the Reds 12. For a couple of weeks, the Reds seemed to be hanging on, but after falling 6 1/2 games out 12 days ago, they've won 12 of 17 and are back in a nice position to get to the playoffs for the third time in four years.
The Reds are getting the best starting pitching in the division, with their guys having gone 8-2 with a 2.32 ERA in the past 13 games. If they continue to roll out quality starts, the Reds are plenty good enough to win the division.
The Cardinals have had long stretches when they've looked like baseball's best team, and they've had other stretches when everything was difficult. Remarkably, they've hung in the midst of things despite using 18 rookies, tops in the Majors. With Adam Wainwright, Lance Lynn and Shelby Miller at the top of their rotation, they seem to be plenty good enough to finish the deal.
And then there are the Pirates. They've been so good for so long that people have pretty much stopped waiting for them to hit the wall for a third straight season. Their pitching has been good enough to overcome their offensive problems, and nothing seems likely to change in the final six weeks.
The Cardinals on Thursday will begin a stretch of 17 games against the Braves, Reds and Pirates. If they get through those 17, they would seem to be in good shape because they finish the season with 19 games against teams with losing records.
The Pirates have six apiece remaining against the Cardinals and Reds, but also have a three-game series in Arlington in early September. The Reds and Pirates will play six times in the final 10 days of the regular season. Meanwhile, the Reds have 18 games remaining against teams with losing records, but also have to face both the D-backs and Dodgers.
If the Reds open up some distance between the D-backs and the three NL Central teams this week, the final weeks could be less stressful. But as the Braves were reminded last year, finishing first is still important.


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Celebrating the 40th anniversary of the first nature preserve
Keeping what we've "got"
By Mike Homoya, Rich Dunbar, Ben Eddy, Tom Swinford, John Bacone & Roger Hedge
"Don't it always seem to go, that you don't know what you've got till it's gone."
So goes the popular 1970s song by Joni Mitchell. But how can we know and appreciate what we've "got" when the great expanses of Indiana's original landscape have been gone for so long?
Left: A summer sunrise filters through black oak savanna onto a prairie opening with dense blazing star and rattlesnake master at Hoosier Prairie Nature Preserve.
Without a time transporter or detailed photographs miraculously taken years before the invention of the camera, we're mostly left to wonder.
Actually, that's not entirely true.
There are clues—clues that provide a glimpse of an early Indiana replete with natural beauty and variety. Places of expansive forests, magnificent lakes and wetlands, and endless prairies where no tree existed for as far as the eye could see. It was wild, untamed earth where streams and rivers flowed clearly, and plants and animals no longer here were common.
Those clues have been used in piecing together a string of pearls that represent remnants of the Indiana that once was. We're talking about state nature preserves.
In 1967, the General Assembly passed the Nature Preserves Act, creating the Division of Nature Preserves within DNR and establishing a way for Indiana's remaining natural areas to be protected forever. Two years later, the first preserve was dedicated. Forty years later there are 225 nature preserves.
"These preserves protect numerous rare plant and animal species," said John Bacone, director of the Division of Nature Preserves. "They contain examples of many of Indiana's interesting plant communities and natural features, such as dunes, prairies, cypress swamps, caves, lakes, and much more."
The DNR didn't act alone.
"Individual citizens and conservation groups spearheaded the effort to have this law passed," Bacone said. "Through the years, partners have been critical to the establishment of the nature preserve system Indiana now has."
One group in particular was there from the start —ACRES Land Trust, which was formed as Allen County Reserve, or Acres, in 1960, a full seven years before the Nature Preserves Act was passed.
Jim Barrett, a Fort Wayne attorney, was asked to do the legal work by Acres organizers Tom and Jane Dustin. Barrett and his wife Pat accompanied the Dustins to Wisconsin for a presentation by George Fell, who was active in protection of natural areas in Illinois.
"It was very interesting," Barrett said. "On the way back, we said this is just what Acres needs, a way to permanently protect our natural areas."
Illinois and Iowa were the only states with nature preserve statutes at the time, but neither allowed for protection of lands owned by private groups. So, Barrett crafted a proposal stipulating "dedicated land would be held in trust for the benefit of the people of Indiana in present and future generations" and that it would be "dedicated to its highest and best use."
It was a breakthrough that led to the dedication of Pine Hills Nature Preserve in 1969 and the addition of hundreds more.
"Really, really," Barrett said when informed recently of the number. "It's great, and I would like to see a lot more."
Right: Clifty Creek flows between deep sandstonebluffs at Pine Hills Nature Preserve in Montgomery County. Pine Hills was Indiana's first nature preserve, dedicated in 1969.
Sites range from a single acre to 1,608 acres. They are owned by a diverse array of partners, including various DNR divisions, county park systems, and private land trusts like ACRES, Central Indiana Land Trust, Sycamore, Shirley Heinze, NICHES, and The Nature Conservancy, to name a few.
Locating remnant examples of wild Indiana is the starting point for the Division of Nature Preserves, whose small but devoted group of field ecologists uses an assortment of tools to accomplish the task. Topographic maps, aerial photos, soil surveys, geology maps, specimen labels, and historic literature provide the initial clues needed to identify potential sites.
Careful assessment follows to determine if a site qualifies for protection. Knowing the original natural vegetation is helpful, and one of the best sources is the U.S. General Land Office. Notes made in the early 1800s by federal government surveyors provide descriptions of the vegetation before the influx of settlers and the changes they made to the landscape. The notes allow for a comparison of original vegetation with what is present today.
The comparisons are important because native plants occur in communities, and in its natural state, each community type has a collection of expected species. Missing species or unexpected species might reflect past adverse impacts. In addition to altered species composition, other clues to natural community quality may include evidence of intense grazing, timber removal, unnatural soil disturbance, and succession.
Information collected on rare plants, animals and significant natural communities is entered into the Natural Heritage Program database. The database contains more than 14,000 records. The information has many uses, from determining possible environmental impacts to guiding protection efforts.
Once a site is judged worthy of nature preserve status and the landowner is willing to sell, it is presented to the DNR Natural Resources Commission for official dedication.
Left: Fens are often described as having a "hybrid" plant community made up of species from wetlands and prairies, with many having adapted to high lime content in he soil. At Swamp Angel Nature Preserve, the prairie plants dense blazing star and big bluestem grow with tamarack trees and bulrushes.
In the 1980s, Division of Nature Preserves ecologists concluded a systematic, county-by-county natural area survey, identifying remaining natural areas by natural community types. These categories are the compass used to direct protective efforts on the broadest diversity of species and natural communities possible.
That broad diversity can be found in the most unexpected places, such as the Clark and Pine Nature Preserve in Lake County. Wedged between two vast rail yards, the preserve is by no means the most attractive preserve, but it may be the most species-rich patch of land in the state. It includes several state-endangered species.
Presently, 331 of the 401 endangered plant species in Indiana have representative populations on protected lands. The goal is to extend the protective umbrella to the other 70 by continuing to work with partner groups, land owners and the Indiana Heritage Trust.
Protecting a site is not a matter of putting up a fence and throwing away the key. Considerable ongoing care is necessary. Stewardship ecologists work in eight regions to oversee the preserves. Their tasks are many, from managing natural features to providing public access. Just controlling the myriad invasive plants that negatively impact the native flora is never ending.
A special challenge is the careful use of prescribed fire, a tool used to suppress dense growths of trees and shrubs that are the death knell of plants needing full sun, such as in prairies and other fire-dependent natural communities.
While the protection of 32,000 acres is worthwhile, you might wonder what's in it for you.
Well, anyone with a stock portfolio recently learned the importance of diversification. A variety of investments hedges against the event of one or more failing.
Similarly, biodiversity, or the measure of life-form variety in a particular area, is critical to the future and is the guiding purpose of the Division of Nature Preserves.
Biological diversity acts as a safeguard against the loss of a species on which we depend, or for uses we have yet to conceive. Take the Pacific yew, for example. This unassuming tree went largely unnoticed until 1977 when its bark was used to develop Taxol, a cancer-fighting medication.
With considerable foresight, the Nature Preserves Act mandated the creation of a system of nature preserves for, among other reasons, "scientific research, as reservoirs of natural materials not all of the uses of which are now known."
In this unknown lies the future.
Indiana's Special Places
From the dunes and lakes of the north, across the Wabash River and the fertile central till plain, to the wild spaces of the rugged southern hills and Ohio Valley, Indiana is a rich place filled with interesting and vital ecosystems.
Following is a brief survey of some Division of Nature Preserves projects that illustrate how these ecosystems are restored and protected in all corners of the state.
"The Region"–Sand, Savanna, and Prairie
Northwestern Indiana has a legacy of rare plants, animals and unique natural areas. Many dedicated nature preserves occupy forgotten corners, remnants sculpted by water, wind and sand.
Within Indiana Dunes State Park, more than 1,500 acres are protected as Dunes Nature Preserve. In 2008, the DNR dedicated a rare example of a sand prairie persisting in the shade of sassafras and juniper trees that invaded the site in the absence of fire. Seeing the potential, DNR performed an intricate restoration, opening the site to a renaissance of life that will be carefully maintained with prescribed fire.
Above Right: Beach and foredunes vegetated with marram grass are part of the scenery along Lake Michigan at Dunes Nature Preserve, one of Indiana's largest nature preserves, in Indiana Dunes State Park.
Land of the Lakes
Sparkling lakes and diverse wetlands put northeastern Indiana among the most beautiful and rich areas of the state's natural history. An entire glacial lake, peat lands and forests are protected here.
Marsh Lake Nature Preserve—immediately east of Pokagon State Park—is a primeval expanse of marshes, swamps and fens. Reed canary grass, a highly aggressive plant, is exerting a "death grip" on the wetlands, smothering native plants, reducing available wildlife habitat, and impairing wetland functions at all levels.
Restoration biologists are implementing the latest techniques to control the weed and establish a diverse array of wetland plants known from other areas of the preserve. Often, seeds are painstakingly hand-harvested from the rare fen wetlands found nearby.
With diligence, this wetland will return critical habitats for such rare and declining wetland species as sedge wrens and massasauga rattlesnakes.
Central Indiana
The state's middle ground not only is a vast, productive agricultural plain but also a place of diverse and healthy ecosystems. This glacial plain is dissected by streams, the largest being the Wabash valley, the preeminent landform. Large, densely forested stream corridors harbor abundant woodland wildlife along the valleys of Big Walnut and Sugar creeks, and the White River. Fens that harbor unique life occur throughout and sustain the streams. Scattered flatwoods remain, full of ephemeral wetlands, swamps and impressive timber.
Left: Bloodroot blooms in early spring on the undisturbed foresed hillsides of Big Walnut Nature Preserve in Putnam County.
Big Walnut Nature Preserve lies 45 miles west of Indianapolis. Dramatic topography provides diverse habitat niches in 3,000 acres of high-quality woodlands and reforestation projects, one of the largest blocks of forest remaining in central Indiana.
An example of the power of partnerships, Big Walnut has benefited from DNR and The Nature Conservancy working shoulder to shoulder. It is a patchwork quilt of "core" areas protected as nature preserves, secondary buffers targeted for reforestation to reduce fragmentation and protect water quality, and conservation easements arranged with local landowners that ensure traditional rural land uses are also protected from development.
Low country
Dark, tea-colored waters glisten beneath overhanging branches of bald cypress. The trees and their reddish-brown "knees" emerge from the quiet shallows to evoke images of the Deep South.
But this is Posey County, Ind. Here, near the confluence of the Wabash and Ohio rivers, sits Twin Swamps Nature Preserve, Indiana's finest remaining cypress slough with almost 600 acres of flatwoods, overcup oak swamp, and cypress swamp. Restoration has included tree plantings, controlled burning in the flatwoods to revitalize ground flora, and the plugging of abandoned oil wells.
A rustic boardwalk leads into the slough's center and a cathedral of bald cypress and swamp cottonwood trees. State-endangered yellow-crowned night-herons have nested here and golden-yellow prothonotary warblers are easily seen.
Forest and cave country
Vast forests, fern-laden cliffs, dry barrens, and underground streams and caves are plentiful in southern Indiana, where Spring Mill State Park is home to three nature preserves—Donaldson's Woods, Donaldson Cave, and Mitchell Sinkhole Plain.
Right: Moss-covered limestone boulder with wildflowers and ferns at Mitchell Sinkhole Plain Nature Preserve, Spring Mill State Park.
Donaldson's Woods contains one of the few and perhaps finest old-growth forests remaining in Indiana. The 67-acre National Natural Landmark boasts centuries old white oaks and massive tulip poplars that tower above an understory of sugar maple and pawpaw, and a rich forest floor of wildflowers. This unique forest preserve has been the subject of ongoing research by Indiana scientists for decades.
Donaldson Cave includes the mouth of the cave, a steep slope above the cave, and adjacent dry oak woods, which are burned periodically to encourage the growth of the prairie flora. Mitchell Sinkhole Plain is a relatively recent dedication that encompasses most of the remaining state park and features extensive forests, limestone sinks and cave.
10 most endangered native plants
Indiana nature preserves are home to some rare species. Here's a Top 10 list of native endangered plants that are known to occur now and historically at only one site in the state:
Large-Leaf Snowbell
Short's Goldenrod
Treelike Clubmoss
Livid sedge (Carex livida)
Log fern (Dryopteris celsa)
Little bur-head (Echinodorus parvulus)
Michaux leavenworthia (Leavenworthia uniflora)
Short's bladderpod (Lesquerella globosa)
Treelike clubmoss (Lycopodium dendroideum)
Ovate catchfly (Silene ovata)
Short's goldenrod (Solidago shortii)
Large-leaf snowbell (Styrax grandifolius)
Short's Bladderpod
Michaux Leavenworthia
Clustered Poppy-Mallow
Nature Preserve Facts & Figures
- Smallest: German Methodist Cemetery Prairie (Lake County), 1 acre
- Largest: Rocky Hollow-Falls Canyon (Turkey Run State Park), 1608 acres
- First: Pine Hills Nature Preserve (Shades State Park), Dedicated 1969
- Newest: Wabash Lowlands (Posey County), Dedicated 2009
Jug Rock
Hoosier Prairie
Donaldson's Woods
Twin Swamps
Hathaway Preserve on Ross Run
Pine Hills
Bloomfield Barrens
Wesselman Woods
Loblolly Marsh/Limberlost Wetlands
Rocky Hollow-Falls Canyon
Ambler Flatwoods
Olin Lake
Ogle Hollow
Gibson Woods
Big Spring
Kankakee Sands
Leavenworth Barrens
Portland Arch
Indian Race Track


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Pretty cool Fritz. What's the price on it? I was considering getting one to custom into a SW vehicle of some sort, but wasn't sure on where to go with it... If it's cheap enough the interior alone could be worth the price.
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Scott Simon
Photo: © Will O'Leary
About the Author
Scott Simon is the host of NPR's Weekend Edition with Scott Simon. He has reported stories from all fifty states and every continent, and has won every major award in broadcasting. He also hosts shows for PBS and appears on BBC TV. He is the author of the novels Pretty Birds and Windy City, the memoir Home and Away, and the history Jackie Robinson and the Integration of Baseball.


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In this painting, Ling Yang Chang utilises a more vivid and vibrant colour scheme as compared to his usual works. However, he still limits these colours to basic primary and secondary colours and only uses them conservatively. This is to portray the vivacity of the "Garden City", the red roofs of the shophouses and the green of the tree's leaves standing out against the blacks, whites and yellows of the background. Ling Yang Chang is the master of depicting the essence of his subject with a humble, sincere and simple mindset that better facilitates communication between him and his audience.
Born in Singapore, Ling Yang Chang has been involved in many aspects of art-making over the last twenty years: artistic creations, group and solo exhibitions, workshops, public lectures and art teaching. As a graduate in Chinese Studies, Yang Chang has a natural affinity for Chinese brush painting with its close attention to the beauty of lines, poetic resonance and philosophical depth. In this medium, Yang Chang constitutes a complete artist in the Chinese scholarly tradition; not only does he carve his own seals, he also appends his artistic creations with his own calligraphical writings. The steely discipline required to establish a solid brush and ink control technique has built a strong foundation for Yang Chang's exploration of other artistic fields - namely, Contemporary Chinese Art and Modern and Abstract Painting. Yang Chang's works have obtained prizes in the Philippe Charriol Competition (1995/96), UOB Painting of the Year Award (1996), and First Prize (Chinese Ink Painting) in the Dr Tan Tsze Chor Art Award (2011). Collected by the National Heritage Board and National Library Board of Singapore, he has exhibited in China, Hong Kong, Korea, Malaysia, Melbourne and Singapore. A Walk in the City is his sixth solo exhibition.
Read More
LING YANG CHANG solo exhibition 2012, 7 Adams, Singapore
A Walk in the City 2012, Utterly Art, Singapore
Catwalk 2011, Momentous Arts, Singapore
Windows 2010, Momentous Arts, Singapore
Portraits of Nature 2009, Momentous Arts, Singapore
Confluence 2007, Drawing Gallery, Singapore
Perspectives from the Heart 2007, Metakao Gallery, Singapore
Flowery World 1997, Orchard Gallery, Singapore
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View All Calendars is the default. Choose Select a Calendar to view a specific calendar. Subscribe to calendar notifications by clicking on the Notify Me® button, and you will automatically be alerted about the latest events in our community.
March 13, 2017 - August 1, 2018
Beginning Monday March 13, 2017 Milestone Contractors will be restricting one lane in each direction on Sagamore Parkway between Kossuth Street and South Street. These restrictions will be through the duration of the project ending July 2018.
Contact: Ethan Cinatl
Contractor: Milestone Contractors
Contact Office: 765-772-7500
April 2, 2018, 6:00 AM - September 8, 2018, 6:00 PM
Rieth-Riley will be having numerous lane restrictions and closures throughout the project. Lane restrictions and closures will begin on Teal Rd. from S. 30th St. to US 52 S. They will continue at the intersection of Teal Rd. and US 52 S. heading South to the end of the project at CR 775 E. Contractor will be sending in updates throughout the project so that any modifications can be added to the road closure request, keeping it current. Traffic control will be in place at all times. Watch for flagmen, signage, barricades and barrels. Restrictions and closures will be from 4/2/18 to 9/8/18. Contact: Jeff Bond with Rieth-Riley 765-585-7758.
April 30, 2018, 6:00 AM - November 30, 2018, 6:00 PM
Bowen Engineering will be closing the section of 10th St. & Valley St. spanning from South St. to Kossuth St. for the installation of a water main and storm water work. Road Closure will be from 4/30/18 to 11/30/18, approximately 6 months.Through traffic will not be permitted during this time. If you are traveling through this area, please follow the alternate route, which will be displayed by detour markers. Please be attentive as construction traffic and workers will be in and around the work zone. Contractor has coordinated with the residents, flaggers will help facilitate everybody to and from their residence during this time. Contact: Scott Heinzelman with Bowen Engineering at 317-719-2767.
May 1, 2018, 6:00 AM - July 27, 2018, 6:00 PM
Dixon Construction will be having moving lane restrictions on Salem Street between Union Street and Fannon Drive, including Fannon Drive for the replacement of curb and handicap ramps. The closure will be from 5/1/18 to 7/27/18. Working hours will be from 6:00 AM to 6:00 PM. Watch for signage, barrels and flagmen. Contact: Tom Dixon 765-426-3501
July 16, 2018, 7:00 AM - August 27, 2018, 5:00 PM
Bowen Engineering will have a Lane Closure on Wabash Ave. from approx. 2000' North of Old Romney Road and ending at Weaver Street for the installation of a watermain. No Northbound traffic will be permitted past Lafayette Renew Offices. Closure will be from 7/16/18 to approx. 8/27/18. Watch for message boards and traffic control devices. Contact: Jared Weber 317-646-2064


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Skip Mallios will work with ClearWater distributors on direct sales of EcoTex O3 ozone systems
ClearWater Tech has named Skip Mallios as the new regional sales manager for the Eastern division. Mallios is a 30-year industry veteran who will be working with ClearWater distributors east of the Mississippi River on direct sales of EcoTex O3 ozone systems to commercial laundry accounts.
Based in Columbia, S.C., Mallios began his career in the laundry business as a chemical sales territory manager for EcoLab. The majority of his time was spent with Texchine Inc., where he worked in several sales positions during two separate stints. He also was a regional sales manager for Cissell Dryer Corp., one of the largest manufacturers of commercial dryers, and most recently in the same capacity for G.A Braun.


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"My name is John-Rhys Davies and I play the role of Gimli in this splendid game, Aragorn's Quest." I don't know about you guys, but I'm sold.
I love John-Rhys Davies' voice. I've loved it since I first saw him in Raiders of the Lost Ark, and while the actor himself might not have the physical presence he once had, his voice more than makes up for it. If I had to pick one man to follow me around, narrating everything I did, it would be this guy right here. Just imagine, "Michael paused in his typing, giving the splendid readers a chance to imagine the sonorous voice explaining what he was doing."
Gives you shivers, doesn't it?
Of course Sean Astin will be the main narrator for Lord of the Rings: Aragorn's Quest, and he has nothing on Rhys-Davies, but a little Gimli goes a long way.


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Meredith boat show expects 100 boats
Registration is now open
Registration is now open for the Fortieth Annual Lake Winnipesaukee Antique and Classic Boat Show from 9 a.m. to 3 p.m. Saturday, July 27 at the Meredith Town Docks.
Scott Robinson, Meredith Boat Show Chairman, said you can show up the day of the show, like the 40 boats that showed up last year to compete.
"About 70 boats are signed up but there will be close to 100 boats there I think," Robinson said.
The boats, mostly antiques and classics, are coming from as far away as Michigan and as close as within the harbor.
There will also be space for 60 classic cars, which will be on display.
Hesky Park, right next to the docks, will be the Field of Dreams site where you can buy or sell your boating treasure.
There are also people's choice awards for the public and judging by the Antique and Classic Boat Society, which puts on the show.
No fees are charged to come see the boats and cars.
Visit www.acbs.org for more details on how they judge.
"Our honored marquee this year is Lyman Boats so we invite and encourage all Lymans to be a part of this great show," according to the website. "We are having a special trophy made in honor of Lyman Boats and their contribution to pleasure boating. It will be awarded at our Sunday Awards Brunch to the lucky Lyman owner. So all you New England Lyman Group members spiff those Lymans for the show."