text:
The Solaris system imposes no limit on the number of Linux applications you can run in an lx branded zone. Sufficient memory must be available. Also see System and Space Requirements.
Regardless of the underlying kernel, only 32-bit Linux applications are able to run.
The lx zone supports only user-level Linux applications. You cannot use Linux device drivers, Linux kernel modules, or Linux file systems from inside an lx zone.
See http://hub.opensolaris.org/bin/view/Community+Group+brandz/applications for a list of some applications that have been successfully run under the lx brand. See How to Install an Application in an lx Branded Zone for an example of installing an application.
You cannot run Solaris applications inside an lx zone. However, the lx zone enables you to use the Solaris system to develop, test, and deploy Linux applications. For example, you can place a Linux application in an lx zone and analyze it using Solaris tools run from the global zone. You can then make improvements and deploy the tuned application on a native Linux system.


text:
Everyone, grab a bag of peanuts and find a seat in the bleachers. The Bullet and Blast Symposium is in town. Maura and Mama Rizzoli are sprucing up the Division One Café. But Jane is busy stealing doughnuts. Mama R scolds her and tells her to stop playing with the doughnuts and help. Jane whines back that she's not playing, "this is playing." And then she proceeds to put her finger through the doughnut hole and spin it around her finger. It's a move that feels so familiar, so right. Finger into hole and wiggle. You can practically see Maura blush with recognition.
Jane says she doesn't understand why Maura agreed to host the event herself. Apparently somebody left her severed head in refrigerator problem at the convention center last year. Don't you just hate when you leave those behind?
The bread delivery guy Dominick comes in with bags full of delicious, delicious carbs and Mama R asks Jane if she remembers him. Jane is all, "Of course, dude I don't know from a hole in the doughnut." But then he offers her one of her "favorite" ciabatta rolls and she's all like, "Oh, baked goods, how could I forget thee." She tells Maura she should try one, because she's a sharer and a carer. But Maura tells her, "White flour only uses the endosperm." Which puts Jane right off her roll because nothing ruins a good nosh for a gay lady like the mention of anything sperm. So Jane tells her, "It's awful to eat with you."
Move over Dr. Scholl's, this week BEAUTIFUL TOYOTA is here to be our gratuitous product placement. I've got to hand it to Toyota though, they've advertised with Pretty Little Liars and Rizzoli & Isles now. If Callie and Arizona buy a new Prius they'll have the hat trick of lesbo-tising. Mama R has been given her BEAUTIFUL TOYOTA for free by the makers of some crappy canned espresso.
Dr. Pike rolls in with copious bags and promptly tells Det. Rizzoli that she looks "stunning." Maura shoots her girlfriend a, "Oh, hell no, he did not hit on my lady!" face. Pike then condescends in the truly clueless way only he can condescend by saying he has an obligation to show his cutting-edge techniques to his less skilled colleagues. Maura is having none of it, especially after he made eyes at her woman, and snaps at him about how he can't tell the difference between a .38 and .45 caliber bullet.
The rest of the forensic scientists show up and let me just say none are anywhere near as hot/glamorous/gay as Dr. Maura Isles. We've got Dr. Billy Ray (played by country star Craig Morgan), the medical examiner from Texas with the 10-gallon black hat, and Dr. Popov, the Russian guy who put vodka in his coffee thermos and calls Mama R "girl" – but not in a cute way. Jane's phone buzzes and it's another mystery text. She's been receiving texts from someone calling her, "hon." Maura is naturally concerned because no one calls Det. Jane Rizzoli "hon" but her.
Pike says something asinine, because that's all he ever says, and the ladies are saved by murder again. They go to investigate the husband-and-wife psychologists shot in their office. One of them is Dr. Eve, the infamous kid-hating shrink who writes books like Love Without Kids, No Womb for Children and No Need to Breed. Is someone trying to send our ladies a not-so-subtle message? Maybe this means we won't be seeing the pregnant not-lesbian, totally lesbian storyline between Jane and Maura.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
|Little Hangleton graveyard
|Location information
|Permanent residents
Little Hangleton village
The Little Hangleton graveyard was the final resting place of the Riddle Family of Little Hangleton. The three Riddles, Thomas, Mary, and their son Tom, were all laid to rest in this graveyard shortly after being murdered by their teenage son, Tom Marvolo Riddle (who would grow up to become the infamous Dark Wizard Lord Voldemort).
It was also the site of the Battle of the Graveyard, the first battle of the Second Wizarding War.
The graveyard was located in the valley county side outside the village of Little Hangleton. Like the village, both the graveyard and its church, were clearly visible from the hillside above the valley.[1] The graveyard was bordered by a stone wall and sat next to the grounds of the vast Riddle estate and the Riddle House was clearly visible from the graveyard. Frank Bryce, the Riddle's groundskeeper, lived in a cottage on the grounds which was located right next to the graveyard and was separated from it by the stone wall. One set of the cottage's kitchen windows faced the graveyard.[2] The grave yard was placed in an uneven area which resulted in it having high and low burial ranges ranged from wide open to narrow and cramped. There was also a small wooden area filled with yew and other bare trees.
In previous years, the Little Hangleton graveyard was a fine resting place for the citizens of the Little Hangleton. However by 1994 the graveyard had become overgrown. Many of the graves had become covered by ivy and moss. Many of the names written on them had become faded. Several grave stones had become tilted and sunken into the ground. A number of stone steps had also recessed into the ground and partly hidden. The Riddle House can be seen in the distance.
GravesEditAs well as having normal graves, the graveyard also had above ground mausoleums and a series of below ground vaults and catacombs. While most of those buried had simple head stones to mark their graves, there were several other monuments that were grander. Several were marked by stone obelisks and angels. Near the mausoleum and vaults were a number of stone sarcophaguses. Several of these were placed on top of each other. The most opulent of the graves belonged to the Riddle family. The Riddle grave was marked by a large marble headstone [3] that bore the names of Thomas Riddle, Mary Riddle and Tom Riddle Sr.. The most striking feature of the grave was the large stone statue of the Angel of Death.[4] The angel bore a raised scythe in its right hand and featured a skull face and skeletal hands.
The Riddle murdersEdit
In 1943, Tom Marvolo Riddle (the future Lord Voldemort) came to Little Hangleton to seek out his family and travelled to the Gaunt shack, the former home of his mother Merope Gaunt. There, he found his half-crazed uncle, Morfin Gaunt, living in deplorable conditions. Gaunt (who had no idea that this boy was his nephew) immediately mistook Riddle for "that Muggle that married my (Morfin's) sister,". Morfin went on to tell his sister Merope's tragic tale, and how she was abandoned by her husband many years ago. Riddle was enraged by what he considered the tale of his father causing his mother's death and condemning him to a miserable life in a Muggle orphanage.
After Morfin finished his story, Riddle temporarily incapacitated his uncle, and took his wand. He then proceeded to the "big house over the way" Morfin had told him about, the Riddle House. Once there, Riddle used the Killing Curse upon his father and his Muggle grandparents, Thomas Riddle and Mary Riddle. Riddle returned to the Gaunt shack and replaced Morfin's wand on his person and altered his memory so that he would confess to killing the Riddles and there would be no further investigation into the matter.
The Riddle's gardener, Frank Bryce, was accused of the murders on the Muggle end of the investigation. Though, the baffled Great Hangleton Police were forced to release Bryce for lack of evidence, as the cause of death could not be determined, Bryce's life was mired in rumour and speculation. Morfin, meanwhile, proudly confessed to killing the Riddles to the Ministry of Magic (which recognised it as a wizard's murder instantly), and was taken away to Azkaban Prison to serve a life sentence for the murder of the Riddle family. Thus, two men paid for the crimes of the future Lord Voldemort while Riddle escaped with Marvolo Gaunt's Ring, stolen from his uncle Morfin. The three Riddles were laid to rest in a prepared family grave in the Little Hangleton Graveyard, where their remains would remain undisturbed for over fifty years.
Plot against Harry Potter Edit
Many years later, the adult Lord Voldemort hatched a plot to regain his body and murder his greatest enemy, Harry Potter. The potion he devised required three ingredients: bone of the father unwillingly given, flesh of the servant willingly sacrificed, and blood of the enemy forcibly taken. Lord Voldemort returned to the site of his first murder, the Riddle House, with his servant Peter Pettigrew in August of 1994. Frank Bryce, now an old man, saw a light in the windows of the Riddle House and went to investigate. Inside, he overheard part of Lord Voldemort's plan to capture and kill Harry Potter but was discovered by Nagini, who reported his presence to Voldemort. After a brief confrontation between Bryce and the Dark Lord, Voldemort performed the same curse upon Bryce that he performed on the Riddle Family more than half a century ago in that very same house, killing Bryce instantly.
Return of the Dark Lord and the graveyard duelEdit
On the night of the Third Task of the Triwizard Tournament (which had been grossly manipulated by Lord Voldemort through his servant, Barty Crouch Jr.), 24 June 1995, Harry Potter entered the Triwizard Maze in search of the Triwizard Cup. Unbeknownst to Harry or anyone else involved in the Tournament, Crouch had turned the Triwizard Cup into a Portkey to the Little Hangleton Graveyard. Harry and Cedric Diggory arrived at the cup at the same time, and having helped each other several times throughout the course of the Tournament, agreed to take the cup together and tie for first place. Upon touching the cup, the pair was transported to the resting place of the Riddle Family, the Little Hangleton Graveyard, where the Dark Lord was awaiting Harry with Peter Pettigrew. Pettigrew murdered Cedric using Voldemort's wand, then proceeded to concocted a potion using Harry's blood, Tom Riddle Sr.'s bones, and Pettigrew's own hand.
The Dark Lord, restored to physical form, briefly duelled Harry, who was forced to hide and dodge behind tombstones to avoid Voldemort's curses. Finally, Harry fired a Disarming Charm at Voldemort at the same moment Voldemort attempted a Killing Curse on Harry. The spells collided and formed a golden thread that connected the two wands. This rare effect, the Priori Incantatem, occurred due to the wands' "twin cores:" feathers from the same phoenix. Harry's courage overpowered Voldemort's destructive will, and his wand forced the Dark Lord's wand to regurgitate "echoes" of the spells it had previously cast, in reverse order. First came an "echo" of Cedric Diggory, followed by Frank Bryce, Bertha Jorkins, Harry's mother, Lily, and finally Harry's father, James Potter. They instructed Harry to break the connection when he was ready and to grab the Triwizard Cup to return to Hogwarts, as they would be able to momentarily hold Voldemort at bay. Cedric Diggory requested that Harry take his body back to Hogwarts, to his family, which Harry agreed to do in honour of his fallen classmate and fellow Champion. Harry broke the connection, and while the apparitions held Voldemort off, he was able to grab Cedric's body, summon the Triwizard Cup to him and escape from the Little Hangleton Graveyard.
Known buried peopleEdit
- Tom Riddle Sr. (killed by Lord Voldemort)
- Thomas Riddle (killed by Lord Voldemort)
- Mary Riddle (killed by Lord Voldemort)
- Becca Ramsea (unknown death)
- Eddi Stoddy (unknown death)
- Charles Epanel (unknown death)
- Charles Pikal (unknown death)
- Gulray (unknown death)
- Rebecca R. (unknown death)
Behind the scenesEdit
- According to production designer Stuart Craig, the inspriation for the graveyard was Highgate Cemetry in North London which had been reclaimed by nature.[5]
- In the film adaptation of Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire (film), Wormtail trapped Harry in the arms of the Angel of Death statue while in the novel, Wormtail ties Harry to the Riddle Headstone with conjured cords.
- Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire (First appearance)
- Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire (film)
- Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire (video game)
- Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix (Mentioned as "graveyard")
- Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix (film) (Appears in flashback(s))
- Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince (Appears in flashback(s))
- Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince (film) (Flashback on Disc 2)
- Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows: Part 2 (Appears in flashback(s))
- Harry Potter: A Pop-Up Book
- LEGO Harry Potter: Building the Magical World
- LEGO Harry Potter: Characters of the Magical World
- LEGO Harry Potter: Years 1-4
- LEGO Harry Potter: Years 5-7
- Harry Potter LEGO Sets


text: Kooloader Plus is a versatile and wide-ranging download manager and FTP Explorer with powerful download acceleration capabilities, supporting multiple downloads, resuming interrupted downloads, downloading from sites such as YouTube, RapidShare and including many other features. The program's functionality responds primarily to a downloader's need for speed, simplicity and ease of use. It comes equipped with advanced features including queue management and allows you great liberty in setting the download configuration. Kooloader Plus is an open source software that works with Windows platform and is compatible with Microsoft .Net FrameWork 3.5. To use the program one needs no special technical skills: just specify the URL for the video you want to download and hit the Ok button. Of course, depending on how experienced you are you can fully benefit of the functionality Kooloader Plus offers. Here are the main features of Kooloader Plus: -Offers multiple simultaneous downloads; -Offers direct and indirect HTTP downloads, HTTP redirects, FTP download; -Resumes interrupted/failed HTTP and FTP downloads; -Offers details log for downloads and FTP explorer; -Offers support for both HTTP 1.0 and HTTP 1.1.; -Operates with multiple queue definition files; -Allows configuration for HTTP; -Hosts manager that lets users store credentials for various sites; -Offers download prioritization, users can choose to favor one download in the bandwidth over others; -Offers bandwidth management capabilities; -Offers FTP explorer history; -Intuitive, user-friendly interface; -Can be minimized to tray.


text:
So you've changed your lightbulbs, installed energy-efficient windows, smart insulation, and solar panels on your roof. What more can you possibly do to save energy? Simple: use your smartphone to manage home energy consumption! There's an incredible array of energy-saving apps out there that allow you to do everything from tracking your home's energy use to turning off the lights and adjusting the thermostat – read on for five of our favorites.
1. SunPower Monitoring System
Looking to glean more info from your roof-mounted photovoltaic array? SunPower's innovative Solar Electric Home Energy Management System lets you monitor energy produced from SunPower-branded solar systems in real time. The iPhone app offers statistics on the lifetime energy generation of the panels as well as daily production, usage, and net energy use. Besides its inherent cool factor, SunPower's app can also help you figure out whether it's a good day to, say, wash and dry the entire family's laundry.
2. Wiser
Anyone who owns a Wiser Home Control energy management system would be wise to download the iPhone app, which provides a 3G or wireless connection to your system. That means everything from lighting to security, climate and even camera monitoring can be controlled from your phone. So if you, for example, forgot to turn off the lights in the living room, you can just click them off remotely using the app. The more home elements you have attached to the system (i.e. air conditioning, sprinkler system, lighting, etc.), the more the app can control.
3. MeterRead
If you don't have the cash for a solar system or home energy management set-up, consider downloading MeterRead. This handy iPhone app lets you read your electricity meter using your phone. Each time you check it, the app tell you how many kilowatt hours (kW�h) of power were used since the last read. That information can then be used to predict your total energy usage over the next 30 days. The app has a number of uses. It can show you the positive effects of energy-saving changes at home — i.e. installing LED bulbs or new insulation — and it allows you to double-check the power company's meter readings for accuracy.
4. Control4 Mobile Navigator
This home energy app, available for the iPhone, Blackberry, and Android, allows users to control everything from security, lighting, and temperature to music and video — provided that the Control4 system is installed at home. The app is similar to Wiser's offering with one added bonus: a secondary Control4 Concierge app lets users staying at Control4-equipped hotels control housekeeping, valet, dining, and entertainment options. iPad users can also download a separate Control4 app.
5. iPhone Energy UFO
Visible Energy's iPhone app works in tandem with the Visible Energy UFO Power Center (a series of four smart power strips installed at home) to provide on-the-go visual feedback of electricity consumption and cost. In addition to providing information on the power usage of each power strip, the app also shows energy costs and gives users the option to turn outlets on and off on a daily schedule. It's cheaper than installing an entire home energy management system (a la Control4 or Wiser) and provides more specific information on individual devices than MeterRead.


text: Archive Archive Search the Bolivar Commercial Search the Archive Archive Help Pricing FAQ Keywords you are searching: TIP: Enter as many relevant words as you can think of into the field above. About the Archive The Bolivar Commercial archive contains staff-written and other selected articles from 1998 to the present. Searching is free and unlimited. There is a small fee for complete articles retrieved from our archive. Any story published within the past two weeks is available at no charge. You may purchase individual articles for $2.95 or select a package for multiple articles. View package pricing. The results list for your search will display the headline, the publication date, and the estimated word count for the complete article. To view the complete article, you must click on the headline in the results list. You will be asked to register as a new user or sign-in as an existing user. Payment is by credit card. Having trouble? Check the Archive Help and Frequently Asked Questions to find answers to your questions now. If you continue to have any technical difficulties, either with your username and password or with the payment options, please contact NewsBank by e-mail at email@example.com. NewsBank will respond within one business day; longer on weekends and holidays. Search articles from All articlesLast 7 daysLast 14 daysPast 6 monthsPast year Search by Date: (month/day/year) To: TIP: Narrow down your search by choosing a pre-defined date range or use the drop-down menus for a more focused search. Sort results by: Return most recent matches firstReturn best matches first TIP: Choose the order in which you would like your results to be displayed. all options selected? or Newspaper archive powered by BC


text:
Bernard Herrmann with Dorothy, ca. 1946
Bernard Herrmann with Dorothy, ca. 1946
Herrmann, Bernard, 1911-1975
American composers
American composers
Bernard Herrmann Papers (PA Mss 3) Department of Special Collections at the University of California, Santa Barbara Library
ca. 1946
Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of the copyright owners. In addition, the reproduction of some materials may be restricted by terms of gift or purchase agreements, donor restrictions, privacy and publicity rights, licensing and trademarks (contact the department of Special Collections at the UC Santa Barbara Library for more information). Works not in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owner. Responsibility for any use rests exclusively with the user.
Except for isolated cases where material has been acquired from other sources this collection was in the possession of Bernard Herrmann until the time of his death. His will was in probate for seven years; the bulk of the material did not come until the mid-1980s.
Original Format
Physical Dimensions
3 x 3 in.
"Bernard Herrmann with Dorothy, ca. 1946," in Digital Collections, Item #725, http://digital.library.ucsb.edu/items/show/725 (accessed May 30, 2020).


text:
Masonry heaters have been used in Europe and Asia for centuries, where they are still commonly found. Fuel to generate warmth has always been a precious commodity, and the attraction of a masonry heater is that it uses a minimum amount of fuel to produce a maximum amount of heat. Though it may seem counter-intuitive, the fire in a masonry heater is not kept burning continuously, but deliberately designed to burn down quickly. The stored heat in the masonry radiates warmth and maintains a comfortable temperature for hours.
Most homeowners locate their masonry heaters in a part of the house where the family congregates. Masonry heaters typically are multi-functional and often include a heater, a bake oven, a cook stove, cozy sitting benches and wood storage. Because they are constructed of natural materials, they enhance the aesthetic quality of the room.
From an environmental standpoint, masonry heaters are among the soundest choices on the market today. First, of course, is that wood is a renewable resource, unlike fossil fuels such as oil, gas and coal. But unlike conventional wood stoves and fireplaces, masonry heaters burn so cleanly that they produce very little smoke, biologically harmful tar particulates or dangerous creosote build-up that can cause chimney fires. The extremely high temperature of the masonry heater's fire consumes virtually all the fuel, leaving only trace amounts of dense, easily disposable ash. Masonry heaters produce little soot and ash so walls don't become smoke-stained; relative humidity throughout the home is maintained, keeping wood furniture and flooring from drying out; and, of particular benefit to asthma sufferers, the pleasant atmosphere created by masonry heaters is a welcome contrast to the parched, dry air found in most homes during the winter.


text:
DZN Beta Cup #15
3 Players
Single Elimination
- Dropzone
October 3, 2017 at 7:30 PM CEST
Check in at Closed
Engage your followers by sharing updates to your community
- IMPORTANT: check in required 30 minutes before tournament start at latest!
IMPORTANT: after sign-up a player has to use an alternate battle-tag in
the following structure: [Team/Sponsor]TeamCaptain#Number | (e.g.)
[DZN]Paradelton#9435 (Your specific number is located on your ingame
profil, if you hover over it with your mouse!!)
- IMPORTANT: all players have to be in the official DZN Discord Server at the #tournament-events and be able to contact with the organizers & opponnents
- IMPORTANT: after
every match, the winning players should take a screenshot from the
ending scoreboard and is responsible to send it to Majus via Discord, in
the right text-channel or attach it to challonge as well as for
reporting their scores correctly
-IMPORTANT: Game Mode: Super Queue
- stream @ twitch.tv/dropzonenation
- unlimited entries; anyone can participate!
Now that the Battle of the Rigs as well as the friendzone cups have concluded and the ESL Beta Cups are on hiatus, we felt that there was something missing in the competitive Dropzone environment.
In order to fill the Tuesday evening gap, we will start hosting cups similar to the ESL Cups that you're used to. So let us give you a quick rundown on how this will work,what the rules are and if there will be some differences to the ESL Cups.
Everyone can participate
Participants need to join the DZN Discord
Registration will be done via Challonge (link)
Best of 1, starting Semi Finals Best of 3, Single Elimination
Every loadout, Rig and ability is allowed
Remakes can only happen, if someone disconnects before two minutes into the match, exceptions are major bugs. The same loadout has to be used in the remake.
Every Tuesday, starting May 9th, streamed at twitch.tv/dropzonenation
Check-in: 19:00 CEST
Cup start: 19:30 CEST
Prize pool! Every winner will recieve 5€ via PayPal (We know it's not much, but unfortunately, Bill Gates is not part of the DZN Staff) We might get some ingame prize's so stay tuned!


text:
Tycoon Court
SOLE AGENT. A bright & fully renovated 1-bedroom apartment for sale on tranquil Conduit Road. This is a corner unit featuring windows throughout. The apartment overlooks an open city view. Can be sold vacant.
Tycoon Court
Mid-levels West
Mid-levels West is a prime residential area of Hong Kong Island that extends to the west of Mid-levels Central to the borders of Pok Fu Lam. It is popular with local and expatriates alike due to its convenience and it is generally quieter, less congested and relatively less expensive than Mid-levels Central. The main thoroughfares are Robinson, Conduit, Caine and Bonham Road that carry most of the public transport options to Central or to Pok Fu Lam. The quieter pockets of Mid-levels West include the Mosque area near the Mid-levels Escalator, Kotewall Road and the green cul de sacs of Hatton Path, Po Shan Road and Lyttleton Road. It is a mix of modern high-rises such as The Babington, Savoy Court and Hamilton Court and well established developments such as, 80 Robinson Road. Both of which are highly popular with the expatriate community. The area is well served by bus routes. It takes only 10 minutes to reach the Central Business District. Highlights: -The main campus of the University of Hong Kong is situated in this area. It is worth visiting its colonial-style buildings and the free Museum. –The Morning Trail is a popular hiking route. Start your hike at the end of Conduit Road and stroll up Hatton Road onto the trail directly above the Police Station. A 45 minute walk takes you to The Peak Galleria.


text:
Browsing Centres by Title
Previous Page
Now showing items 197-216 of 463Next Page
Laursen, Keld; Meliciani, Valentina (Frederiksberg, 1999)[More information][Less information]
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7841
Files in this item: 1DRUID_99_10.pdf (130.7Kb)
Rent Sharing or Composition?Fosse, Henrik Barslund; Maitra, Madhura (Frederiksberg, 2012)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Offshoring firms are found to pay higher average wages than purely domestic firms. We provide a unifying empirical approach by capturing the different channels through which offshoring may explain this wage difference: (i) due to change in the composition of workers (skill composition effect) (ii) because all existing workers get higher pay (rent sharing effect). Using Danish worker-firm data we explain how much each channel contributes to higher wages. To estimate the causal effect of offshoring on wages we use China's accession to the WTO in December 2001 - and the soon after boom in Chinese exports - as positive exogenous shocks to the incentive to offshore to China. Both skill composition and rent sharing effects are found to be important in explaining the resultant gain in wages. We also show that the firm's timing in the offshoring process determines the relative importance of a channel. For firms offshoring to China in 2002 but not in 1999, only rent sharing explains the gain in wages. For firms offshoring to China both before and after China's WTO accession the wage increase is explained mostly by the skill composition effect. Moreover, these patterns are not discernible from the measures of skill composition and rent sharing available in typical firm level datasets - like ratio of educated to uneducated workers and sales per employee. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8540
Files in this item: 1Fosse_2012_2.pdf (255.2Kb)
validating new indicators by understanding patenting strategiesReitzig, Markus (København, 2002)[More information][Less information]
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6816
Files in this item: 1wplefic092002.pdf (214.0Kb)
Glazer, Amihai; Kanniainen, Vesa; Poutvaara, Panu (København, 2008)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: We consider the effects of income redistribution when people can migrate from one country to another, and when land within each country is heterogeneous. Taxes related to income can then affect property values, and can induce migration, which further affects property values. We show that under these conditions a utilitarian government should never equalize after-tax incomes. If migration is impossible, it may even transfer income from the poor to the rich, reducing the rents earned by absentee landlords. The redistributive tax on the rich may be higher or lower when the rich can migrate than when they cannot. A Rawlsian government in the absence of mobility will equalize after-tax incomes. Under mobility, Rawlsian governments cut their taxes if and only if the relative pre-tax income of the poor is sufficiently low. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7689
Files in this item: 1dp 2008-05.pdf (163.9Kb)
Thoughts on a Micro-Foundations Project for Strategic Management and Organizational AnalysisFelin, Teppo; Foss, Nicolai J. (København, 2006)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Making links between micro and macro levels has been problematic in the social sciences, and the literature in strategic management and organization theory is no exception The purpose of this chapter is to raise theoretical issues in developing micro-foundations for strategic management and organizational analysis We discuss more general problems with collectivism in the social sciences by focusing on specific problems in extant organizational analysis We introduce microfoundations to the literature by explicating the underlying theoretical foundations of the origins of individual action and interaction We highlight opportunities for future research, specifically emphasizing the need for a rational choice program in management research. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7470
Files in this item: 1cbs forskningsindberetning smg 39.pdf (4.296Mb)
Fehr, Hans; Habermann, Christian (København, 2007)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The present paper studies the growth and efficiency consequences of tax-favored individual retirement accounts in a general equilibrium overlapping generations model with idiosyncratic lifespan and labor income uncertainty. We distinguish between economies with rational and with hyperbolic consumers and compare the consequences of mandatory and voluntary retirement plans with and without annuitized benefits. While a full taxation of capital income yields the highest efficiency gains in the rational consumer model, annuitization and hyperbolic discounting substantially improve the economic efficiency of IRAs. We also show that annuitization alters the intergenerational welfare consequences of the reform substantially, since it reduces accidental bequests. Finally, even if mandatory saving programs have a clear cost advantage, they are only recommendable if consumers are myopic. individual retirement accounts, annuities, stochastic general equilibrium, hyperbolic consumers URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7710
Files in this item: 1artikel 11.pdf (258.2Kb)
Towards An Analytical FrameworkPyke, Frank; Lund-Thomsen, Peter (Frederiksberg, 2015)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: In this article, we explore the relationship between industrial clusters and social upgrading in developing countries. Our article focuses on the hitherto little-considered influence of the economic and regulatory environment on the social upgrading of a cluster and on its governance system. In doing so, we develop an analytical framework that seeks to explain how the enabling environment and different actors in cluster governance can either facilitate and/or hinder the process of social upgrading in cluster settings in developing countries. Finally, the conclusion outlines our main findings, the research and policy implications of our analysis. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/9155
Files in this item: 1Pyke_Lund-Thomsen.pdf (293.8Kb)
Lessons from Co-operation and Higher-order Capabilities Amongst geographically proximate firmsLorenzen, Mark (Frederiksberg, 1998)[More information][Less information]
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7847
Files in this item: 1DRUID_98_21.pdf (88.31Kb)
Cao, Yangfeng (Frederiksberg, 2013)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Business model innovation plays a very important role in developing competitive advantage when multinational small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) from developed country enter into emerging markets because of the large contextual distances or gaps between the emerging and developed economies. Many prior researches have shown that the foreign subsidiaries play important role in shaping the overall strategy of the parent company. However, little is known about how subsidiary specifically facilitates business model innovation (BMI) in emerging markets. Adopting the method of comparative and longitudinal case study, we tracked the BMI processes of four SMEs from Denmark operating in China. Using resource-based view (RBV), we develop one theoretical framework which indicates that initiative-taking and improvisational capability of subsidiary are the two primary facilitators of business model innovation in emerging markets. We find that high initiative-taking and strong improvisational capability can accelerate the business model innovation. Our research contributes to the literatures on international and strategic entrepreneurship. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8814
Files in this item: 1Yangfeng_Cao_1.pdf (664.6Kb)
Lyck, Lise (Frederiksberg, 2013)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This article studies the theoretical and applied development of the creative economy. There exists many definitions of creative industries, creative economy and experience economy, all dealing with the same core problematic. It is why it is chosen in this article to talk about the creative economy complex. The ideas to the different elements in the complex have been developed over the last 20 years. A conclusion on experience economy and creative industries is presented on page 7. It is followed by a presentation of how the creative economy complex has been applied in the Baltic Sea Countries and by a section on the development of the creative economy complex after the financial crisis in 2008. It is found that the complex and its development has been closely related to the business cycle development, implying that the complex from being a general theory in times with positive business cycle development has changed to become more specific and integrated into marketing, regional economy and innovation theory when the business cycle changes to recession and when state debt becomes a main economic problem. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8735
Files in this item: 1Lyck.pdf (335.2Kb)
A Case Study of the Laundry Detergent Market in JapanFujiwara, Masatoshi (Frederiksberg, 2011)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: This paper aims to describe how a commercially successful innovation occurs with the altering of the existing competitive structure in a market under environmental and competitive pressures. I study the history of the laundry detergent market in Japan and elucidate the manner in which Kao accomplished an innovation and increased their market share during the late 1980s. Kao introduced their new detergent Attack through a biotechnological innovation and dramatically changed the competitive structure to their advantage. The innovations introduced were of two kinds 1) fermentation engineering technologies to improve the cleaning performance of detergents by using alkaline cellulase, and 2) concentration of detergents to four times their earlier strength through changes in their powder processing technologies. This historical innovation that occurred in the laundry detergent market in Japan has a contemporary implication because combining firms' activities and environmental sustainability has been one of the most crucial topics over recent years. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8440
Files in this item: 1Masatoshi_Fujiwara_CDP_2011-37.pdf (268.8Kb)
For Økonomi- og ErhvervsministerietJunge, Martin; Sørensen, Anders (Frederiksberg, 2010)[More information][Less information]
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8275
Files in this item: 1
Brian Loasby and The Theory of The FirmFoss, Nicolai J. (Frederiksberg, 1997)[More information][Less information]
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7856
Files in this item: 1DRUID_97_11.pdf (181.6Kb)
Ionascu, Delia; Meyer, Klaus E.; Estrin, Saul (København, 2004)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: The concept of 'distance' has been used by international business scholars to explain variations in international business strategies and operations across countries. The more distant a host country is from the organizational centre of a multinational enterprise (MNE), the more it has to manage cultural, regulatory and cognitive differences, and to develop appropriate entry strategies, organizational forms, and internal procedures to accommodate these differences. Scholarly research has focused on the concept of psychic distance, which has been narrowed down in empirical work to indices based on Hofstede's work on culture. However, these measures capture only very partially the dimensions of distance of concern to international business. In this paper, we show how the broader theoretical concept of institutional distance, which incorporates normative, regulatory and cognitive aspects, affects entry strategies. Specifically, our theoretical arguments suggest that the impact of distance varies with different aspects of the concept of institutional distance, and that this impact interacts with both the investor's experience and with the relative importance of the pertinent operation for the investing MNE. Using a unique dataset of foreign direct investment in emerging economies that incorporates multi-host as well as multi-home countries, we find empirical support for our propositions, and provide an explanation for apparently inconsistent results in the previous literature. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7116
Files in this item: 1cees wp51 ionascu meyer estrin.pdf (548.5Kb)
Bevan, Alan; Estrin, Saul; Meyer, Klaus (London, 2001)[More information][Less information]
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7093
Files in this item: 1wp16.pdf (127.9Kb)
Meyer, Klaus (København, 2000)[More information][Less information]
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7096
Files in this item: 1wp34.pdf (90.37Kb)
Strategies, Business Models, and Management ModelAndersen, Kim Normann; Medaglia, Rony (Frederiksberg, 2009)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: European Commission funded research is driven by the objective of integrating excellent research in Europe by using public funding to gain momentum and sustainability. This paper presents the results of an analysis of the management patterns of 20 Networks of Excellence. Our analysis indicates an absence of business management competences in the project consortia and unclear criteria for sustainability. Sustainability strategies appear to be ad hoc driven and orchestrated by the project monitoring events, rather than built in the consortia management structure. The paper advocates for bringing onboard conventional management models along with strategic positioning, business models, and business plans. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7866
Files in this item: 1eChallenges_ref_238_doc_5865.pdf (83.04Kb)
Elkjær-Larsen, Jens Kristian; Goldschmidt, Lars (København, 2005)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Erhvervsrettet forskning i ledelse foregår i vidt omfang i samarbejde med virksomheder, der selv arbejder med forskningens problemstillinger. Det betyder, at der forskes i et felt, der selv reflekterer over de problemstillinger, der undersøges, og som kan bidrage til videnproduktionen på mange andre måder end som "rå data". Forskerne kommer med mange forskellige relationer til feltet. Fra en rolle som ren observatør, over rollen som forskende konsulent til egentlig praktiker, der forsker i sit eget miljø. Derfor er det interessant som forsker indenfor dette område at se på metodiske tilgange, der nyttiggør feltets og forskerens egne indsigter i de problemstillinger, der søges belyst, og som direkte kan understøtte aktørernes egen håndtering af disse. Det er interessant ud fra en "traditionel" universitetsbaseret forskningssynsvinkel, og det er interessant i den bredere diskussion af, hvordan virksomhederne styrker deres egen evne til "forskningsbaseret" refleksion over egen praksis. Aktionsforsknings traditionen har sit udgangspunkt i forskernes samspil med et reflekterende felt og er derfor en vigtig metodisk inspirationskilde til den erhvervsorienterede forskning. Men aktionsforskningen er ikke konsolideret som én fælles forskningstradition. Der er derimod udviklet en række forskningsmetodiske tilgange såsom: Aktionsforskning, Action science, Sociologisk fantasi, Bruger/borger involvering i udviklingsprojekter, Dialogforskning, Reflective practice, Action learning, Appreciative inquiry, Communities of Inquiry in Communities of practice, Clinical inquiry (Baskerville 1996). Metoderne er udviklet i relation til det felt eller problemstilling, som forskergrupperne var engagerede i, og kun enkelte er tænkt ind i en erhvervsforskningskontekst. Denne mangfoldighed har ført til, at det enkelte erhvervsforskningsprojekti stort omfang har skullet definere sit eget ståsted for sin interaktion med feltet, opstille sineegne kriterier for etik, kvalitet og generaliserbarhed af resultater og så fremdeles. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/6765
Files in this item: 1
Assessing the Impact of Global Economics on Industrial Developments and Inter-Ethnic Relations in Penang, MalaysiaJacobsen, Michael (Frederiksberg, 2010)[More information][Less information]
Abstract: Due to the increasingly integration and thus inter-dependency between the global economy, a given national economy and their societal embedment a triangulation between the three elements is a must if one is to understand the dynamic processes between them. This article focuses especially on the national economic and societal aspects of such a triangulation thus positioning the national dependencies of the global economy in the background. The notion of triangulation is perceived by the author to be more holistic and relational oriented compared to an approach based on decoupling. The latter aims through sector defined studies to assess the level of connectivity between global and national economics as well as between them and their societal embedment in order to detect whether there are potential fault-lines between the three thus mitigating the notion of decoupling. This article applies a triangular approach on the electronic and electrical manufacturing sector in Penang. It concentrates in particular on how companies within this sector relate to pertinent governmental initiated industry policies and the impact of the inter-ethnic related affirmative action policy in this connection. The global aspect of the triangulation has thus been put on a back burner in this study, as the article emphasises the importance of pointing towards the inter-dependency between the political, the inter-ethnic and the economic sectors in Penang, as they are perceived to condition each other. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/8203
Files in this item: 1Michael Jacobsen CDP 2010-35.pdf (172.5Kb)
implications for organizational changeMichailova, Snejina (København, 1997)[More information][Less information]
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10398/7077
Files in this item: 1wp08.pdf (84.64Kb)
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After we published the original roundup of "40 farmers under 40," it became abundantly clear that, from coast to coast, America loves its young farmers (and the food they produce). So we invited you to tell us about your favorite farmers under 40 — idealistic, eco-friendly, under-the-hill agrarians who are helping you bring home healthier bacon, as well as beets, lettuce, organic milk and more. And you responded.
We dug through a bounty of votes and e-mails from across the country, then we dug up some dirt on 40 of your nominations to create this inaugural "readers' choice" edition in our "40 farmers under 40" series. We've numbered the entries to help you navigate through the list, but they're in no particular order — this is an egalitarian compilation, not a ranking. These farmers all bring their own skills, backgrounds and crop varieties to different communities, and the real winners are the locavores who get to eat all the natural grub they grow.
Like the first time around, this list encompasses a motley crew, consisting of authors, activists, educators, entrepreneurs, parents, siblings, sons, daughters, plenty of Californians, and an Iowan raising postmodern pigs on his organic family farm. The farms themselves are just as eclectic, ranging from 400-acre spreads to backyard plots, Brooklyn rooftops and everything in between.
Now, let's get farming ...
1) Charles "Chaz" Holt, 32
Kingston, Ga.
Born in the late '70s on a small North Georgia dairy farm, Chaz Holt was hooked on farming from the get-go. After his family switched from a dairy to a beef-cow, poultry and hay farm, he began to understand that if a person stays in agriculture, he has to be able to evolve with the markets while maintaining a personal moral direction.
After graduating from the University of Wyoming with a bachelor's degree in agricultural science, Holt moved to the Willamette Valley of Oregon, where he served as an agronomist and crop advisor. He worked with more than 30 different crop types, ranging from cherries and hazelnuts to turf grass and corn silage and far beyond.
It was in Oregon that Holt learned organic farming methods, direct marketing to consumers, and how to spot trends and quickly meet demand. He then moved to Montana to manage Simplot Soilbuilders, a large, conventional farm-service company. After a year of disgust at the way farms were suffering as the corporate farm-service industry was still booming, Holt quit and started his own all-organic farm and farm-supply business.
For three years Holt grew along with the organic-farming industry. He was elected to the Montana Organic Association as the vice chair for two years and was one of five state "agriculture bio-based innovation" coordinators funded by the Montana Department of Agriculture to assist agriculture producers in adding value to their existing operations. He also holds a current certified crop advisor certificate from the American Society of Agronomy. From there, Holt and his family moved back to Georgia to live on the family farm in a sustainable and organic way.
2) Novella Carpenter, 36
Oakland, Calif.
Novella Carpenter, author of Farm City: The Education of an Urban Farmer, started urban farming in Seattle 10 years ago when she first got some chickens and bees and plowed up her parking strip to plant fava beans and kale. After moving to the Bay Area, she began squat farming on a derelict lot next to her apartment in the middle of a rough part of Oakland. She's raised fruits and veggies, chickens, bees, turkeys, ducks, geese, rabbits, pigs and goats.
Sales aren't the main point of Ghost Town Farm — Carpenter regularly gives away produce to her neighbors, barters with locals and sometimes sells to underground restaurants. She also runs an urban feed store/biofuel station in Berkeley with four other women, where they sell feed and teach classes about keeping chickens, bees and rabbits in the city. Lately, she's become obsessed with goats and goat cheese, remembering fondly the goat-milking scene in Ernest Hemingway's A Moveable Feast.
3) Alex Needham, 28
4) Alison Parker, 30
Marseilles, Ill.
While living in Austin, Texas, Alex Needham worked in a restaurant and Alison Parker worked for an environmental nonprofit. Both became increasingly aware of and interested in food politics, and decided to tackle their interests in a hands-on way by interning at a farm. Collectively and separately since, they've worked on organic farms from Oregon to Wisconsin to Texas to Central America. Both have also worked with urban farms and have helped with the startup of school gardens in low-income areas. Last season, they were married on the farm where they once interned in southern Wisconsin.
In 2009, Parker and Needham decided to take a leap of faith and start their own venture, Radical Root Farm, in northern Illinois. There they run an organic community-supported agriculture (CSA) program and market farm, selling to the metro Chicago area, and try to limit the farm's fossil footprint by using mostly hand tools. They grow a diversified collection of vegetables, including many heirlooms, as well as medicinal herbs. Parker teaches plant medicine workshops, and the couple also plans to make their farm into a working permaculture model, eventually teaching urban permaculture workshops in Chicago.
5) Juan "JP" Perez, 26
Salinas, Calif.
Three years ago, Juan Perez (pictured, right) convinced his father, Pablo (left), to enroll with him in the Agriculture and Land Based Training Association's (ALBA) Programa Educativa para Pequenos Agricultores (PEPA), a program that trains aspiring small farmers in sustainable production methods, as well as marketing techniques. Pablo had farmed before, growing conventional raspberries and flowers on five acres of leased land in California's Central Valley. But Juan wanted to try his hand at organics, and he wanted to do it as a family. Upon completion of the PEPA program in April 2006, Juan and his father leased a small plot of land from ALBA and named their farm J&P Organics.
Juan spends most of his time cultivating, harvesting, working at farmers markets and delivering CSA boxes. He's also responsible for the bulk of the farm's marketing and direct sales. He and his family grow a wide variety of crops, including artichokes, bell peppers, broccoli, carrots, garlic, kale, heirloom tomatoes, onions, potatoes and more.
Every Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday and Saturday, Juan delivers as many as 200 boxes across Monterey County and the Bay Area. He says both he and his CSA members value the personal interaction that community-supported agriculture provides. Members tell him what they liked best in previous boxes and share how they prepared their produce, and every week Juan tucks a newsletter containing simple recipes as well as a brief farm update into each box.
Juan anticipates expanding his acreage and applying his educational experience to the practice of sustainable farming. "I've been talking to my parents and the thing is, we want to buy our own farm — I don't know how many acres — and raise chickens, cows, pigs and have orchards — apple trees, peaches, cherries and pears. I can see that happening in a couple of years."
Brooklyn, N.Y.
Stacey was born and raised in a suburb of Detroit and spent many hours in her mom's garden, picking snap peas and eating them before she could bring them inside. She has an undergraduate degree in mechanical engineering and worked as a vehicle dynamics engineer for Ford (she also raced cars for Ford, including a Formula One car). She also has a master's of architecture degree and enjoyed working on public projects in New York City.
Murphy founded BK Farmyards in April, and this growing season is her first as an urban farmer. BK Farmyards partners with developers, homeowners and city agencies that want to transform idle land to farmland. This season, BK Farmyards has several backyard farms in Ditmas Park and is starting a CSA in that neighborhood. Next season, the company will continue its expansion of farms in Ditmas Park and is working with several developers to convert three acres to farmland around Brooklyn.
The mission of BK Farmyards is to connect landholders with farmers. Each neighborhood will have a slightly different agenda depending on the people involved. In Gowanus, BK Farmyards is working with a developer who wants to build a chef community and cafe around a working farm. In Bed-Stuy, it's working with a farmer who wants to supply affordable produce to bodegas.
7) Tricia Borneman, 34
8) Tom Murtha, 36
Perkasie, Pa.
Tom and Tricia Murtha met in Philadelphia 12 years ago and started on their farming journey together, learning by doing. They were both raised in suburban Philly — he across the Delaware River in Haddon Heights, N.J., and she in Bucks County, Pa., where they now live and farm. The couple met after college and fell into "farming" after reclaiming an abandoned lot near the warehouse where they lived in Philly. Tricia also worked with a couple through City Year doing organic gardening in North Philadelphia's public schools.
"We just loved it," Tricia says. "Tom would come help out after a long day of house painting and sink his hands into the soil and dream of a life working side by side. Gardening and farming spoke to our ideals and the way of life we dreamed of in so many ways."
Tom and Tricia left Philadelphia and embarked on a farming journey that took them from an internship in Connecticut (where they lived in a tiny old chicken coop), to a farm in Oregon's Willamette Valley (where they lived in a geodesic dome), to northern New Jersey (Genesis Farm), to a farm in Bucks County (where they lived in a barn loft) and finally to where they are now. Each farm they worked on was a little different: One marketed solely through farmers markets, one just via restaurants and one only using a CSA. This allowed Tricia and Tom to amass a wealth of experiences as well as the confidence to embark on their own.
The couple formed a unique arrangement with their current landowners and created Blooming Glen Farm with their help. They rent the land and the house, and they're currently working with the Pennsylvania Association for Sustainable Agriculture to develop a long-term agreement with the landowners.
"Many young farmers face the issue of how to get into farming if you can't afford to buy land, so we hope to create some sort of model that others can look at," Tricia says. "The land we are on is preserved for agricultural use, but the area we are in grows more houses than farmers, despite its rich agricultural heritage."
In four years, Blooming Glen Farm has grown from five to 20 acres in cultivation and boasts a CSA with more than 300 families. Tricia and Tom also attend two farmers markets and do some wholesale. The couple had five young farm interns working with them over the summer season, which Tricia found vastly important: "We can still vividly remember what it was like to be interns ourselves, and we love to share with other young people what we have learned in hope that more farms will sprout up around the country because of it."
9) Annie Novak, 26
10) Ben Flanner, 28
Brooklyn, N.Y.
Rooftop Farms, a 6,000-square-foot organic produce operation on top of a three-story warehouse in Brooklyn, is a beacon for urban farmers everywhere. The new but already high-profile farm is the product of a coalition between Goode Green, a green-roof design and installation company, and two young urban farmers, Annie Novak and Ben Flanner.
After Flanner quit his desk job at an online stock-trading company earlier this year, he teamed up with Novak, a seasoned farmer, and they contacted Goode Green about setting up their own farm in the city. The company was able to hook up Flanner and Novak with spare roof space in Greenpoint, Brooklyn, and used a crane to haul 200,000 pounds of soil on top of the building.
Since its start in April 2009, Rooftop Farms already serves local restaurants such as Eat and Marlow & Sons, as well as a weekly farm stand. Flanner and Novak also host two apiaries on their roof, more than 30 varieties of produce, and workshops designed to spread urban farming throughout New York.
MORE FARMERS: Check out farmers 11-21 >


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Sensor Removal
Get a refill for your inhaler prescription? Just move your sensor to your new inhaler!
- Hold your Respimat (tube shaped) inhaler in one hand with the mouth piece facing downwards.
- Pull upward on the sensor until it slides off of the inhaler.
- If you're having trouble, try gently wiggling the sensor as you pull upward.
Need help attaching the sensor again? Watch our video here.


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First established in 1977 in San Francisco, Benefit is a fun loving yet professional makeup and skincare brand with an amazing collection of some of the best products in the world, from They're Real! mascara to their range of blushes and the POREfessional primer
Benefit provide fast and fabulous solutions and they believe that glamour is GRABBING LIFE BY THE GIGGLES and not letting go. If at first you don't succeed, APPLY MORE LIPSTICK, that SEXY gets you everywhere and if you can't be good, BE GORGEOUS....


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In order to provide you accurate pricing information, please tell us where you are located.
International customers (excluding Canada), please choose International at the bottom of the list.
Please select your state or province.
Our Building Writers composition workbooks offer extra practice for writing skills development and can be easily incorporated into a writing block as independent writing or as whole group practice to meet your students' varying needs. Students become better, more fluent writers as they write about cross-curricular topics and practice three writing styles: narrative, information, and opinion.
Building Writers (D)
Third grade students practice three writing styles:


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The process of updating you and giving you a better understanding of Huawei is an unflagging process and continues after the public bond issuance. Investor update presentations are rigorously held after the announcement of our financial results to furnish investors with the company's financial conditions as well as important developments.
We keep on organising site visits for investors to our office in headquarter to help you gain deeper insights into the products and solutions we offer in Huawei.
If you have any questions, please contact firstname.lastname@example.com


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Every building project has a unique set of program goals and technical requirements that demand assembling all the stakeholders and a team of professionals in various design disciplines. Each design discipline has a different set of skills, professional standards, and issues that drive how they operate in the building process. Traditionally, many disciplines provide a specialized technical service that is not always well coordinated with other aspects of the project. 'Whole building,' or integrated, design as a process requires the various stakeholders and disciplines to coordinate and interact as early as possible in the process, and throughout the life cycle of the project to achieve a holistic solution that may yield multiple benefits.
Architectural Programming
Commissioning Authority
Cost Estimating
Electrical Engineering
Fire Protection Engineering
HVAC and Refrigerating Engineering
This Branch of the WBDG has been developed to assist participants in planning, design, and construction programs understand how building design disciplines are organized and practice. This Branch also offers insight into creating opportunities for successful project delivery through a coordinated, integrated design, construction, and management process. Each Design Discipline page provides information and guidance from a 'whole building' perspective. In addition, each page includes a discussion of the discipline's professional services, legal definition, their roles and responsibilities in the emerging integrated design process, other emerging issues facing the professional discipline, the codes and standards governing or affecting their practice, and lists of numerous resources relating to each discipline. With this knowledge in hand, each professional will be able to move beyond conventional practice to a more comprehensive, integrated practice.
Design Discipline Pages are also linked to related Resource Pages, Design Objectives, Building Types, and Space Types that explain strategies, technologies, and emerging issues relevant to that specific Design Discipline. Each design discipline is encouraged to review the other design disciplines. By expanding your knowledge of their roles and responsibilities, you will be able to work together better, identify gaps and omissions, and resolve issues holistically.
More Design Disciplines Pages will be posted when they are available. If you are a qualified professional and would like to develop a Design Discipline Page for any of the following disciplines, please contact us for more information:
- Archaeologist
- Site Engineer
- Civil Engineer
- Surveyor
- Demolition Specialist
- Waste Management Specialist
- Soils Engineer
- Seismic Engineering
- Blast Resistance Expert
- Lighting Designer
- Building Envelope Specialist
- LEED® Specialist
- Commissioning Agent
- Historic Preservation Specialist
- Conveyance Specialist
- Space Planner
- Productivity Specialist
- Acoustical Engineer


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With the sad but inevitable news that Claude Choules, the last surviving veteran from WW1 passed away earlier this week, I guess the press will be full of articles about their lives, television programmes dedicated to their memory and a renewed interest, for a while, in the "Great War".
That we remember those who fought and died, or who survived is of course only right and proper but as I read about Claude Choules passing I did start to wonder if we aren't in danger of losing those from World War II before we know it.
If you think back over the last 5 or 6 years, the last dozen or so surviving Tommie's from WW1 had almost reached celebrity status… Men such as Harry Patch and Henry Allingham were inundated with historians, television crews, radio pundits etc. all wanting to squeeze every last drop of memory out of them before it was too late. Numerous books and documentaries detailed their stories and revelled in the horrors that they had witnessed firsthand.
I wonder though, as we have read with awe, and listened intently to the stories of these undoubtedly brave and remarkable men, have we failed to notice that those soldiers who fought in WW2 are also leaving us. Another brave and heroic generation are slowly fading away right in front of us and it will not be long before we repeat the circus act that has surrounded the last WW1 soldiers in recent years.
I wonder how many veterans of Dunkirk are left? And what about El Alamain? River Plate? Tobruk? How many people are left that can actually tell us firsthand what it was like at Monte Cassino, or trying to cross the Rhine in Operation Market Garden.
The simple fact is that World War II ended 66 years ago and so any survivor from that conflict must now be in their 80s. Of course, they could go on for another 20 even 30 years but sadly many of them won't and as they do leave us so their story will fade too. That's part of the cycle of life of course, their passing really is inevitable, but as they become fewer and fewer so I am struck again by the social responsibility we all have to ensure they memories, stories and experiences live on, because one day there just won't be any one left—after that there really is no going back.
So, if you know someone in your family who fought in WW2, then see if you can talk to them about it, do some research on where they fought and what they experienced. It is likely they have artefacts such as letters or medals or uniform that will bring these stories to life. Very soon this will all we will have left of these heroes, so let us all ensure we do our bit to keep the memories and stories alive. We owe it to our kids and future generations.


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My first read of the year was Hell-Bent (St. Martin's Press, 2012) by Benjamin Lorr. The book offers an informative, eye-opening and engaging look into the world of Bikram Yoga, as the author dives in head-first, researching it's history, learning of the health benefits it has had for so many, training for competition, and participating in a multi-week teacher training course in California. I recently had the opportunity to speak with Ben about competition in yoga, some of the preconceived notions that exist, the moment he decided to make his experiences into a book and much more. Read on to see what he had to say…
Andrew DeCanniere (AD): In the interest of full disclosure, I have to say that when I picked up your book I knew little or nothing about yoga — I'm just totally outside of that world — so it really surprised me to learn that it can actually be this competitive sport.
Benjamin Lorr (BL): Right. Well, yoga and competition is certainly an oxymoron on the face of it, because yoga is, at it's heart, a quest for union. A quest to see unity in things. Hatha Yoga as well is about going inward to connect with the universe, as opposed to the Christian concept of praying outwardly toward the universe. So, on one hand, with this activity that is predicated on union, it seems pretty strange that you would be pitting people against one another. However, I think that when you talk about yoga in terms of competition, it's really subverting the notion of competition. It's not rat-race competition. It's not dog-eat-dog. It's what we mean by inspiration. Whether it is looking at other people — your peers, your competitors — doing something and being inspired by them to do the best that you can do. When you think about that in terms of a yoga competition, it makes somewhat more sense, because you have people on-stage and they're doing demonstrations. There's no rivalry. There's no trash-talking. What's really subversive about it is when it starts to leap into other ideas of competition. Me doing better doesn't depend on someone else doing worse. Me doing better depends on me doing better, and actually seeing someone else do better can help me do better. To me that's really the essence of yoga competition. It's kind of a beautiful mind shift. It's also fun because a lot of yoga, especially Hatha Yoga, is really defined by this quest to resolve dichotomies. Yoga competition — this seemingly opposite thing — gives us this great opportunity to resolve this dichotomy in a kind of mental twist.
AD: It seems like it's pretty unique in that way, particularly among sports. It's unique, for one, in that different sort of dynamic. It seems like, when you talk about so many sports, even when people are on the same team there's a certain amount of competition going on between teammates.
BL: Yeah. I think the idea is that anywhere there's competition, that spirit is there. There are these mental barriers that people can't get across, and then we start to see someone do it. You realize 'Oh, I can do that, too.' I think that's the essence of yoga competition, to get that inspiration from others. I think that a lot of people are threatened by competition. Our society is very competitive in general, and a lot of people go to a yoga studio to escape those pressures. They use it as a way to decompress and relax from what are perhaps the crasser aspects of their lives, so I think that to suddenly have someone label explicitly that they are bringing competition into this space that they have carved out as sacred can be very threatening.
AD: As I said, I personally don't come from that world at all. I've never taken a class, so I really wouldn't know, but —
BL: Right. That's one of the things about the book. I wasn't trying to write a book that was just for yoga people. I think that it really just uses yoga as a touchstone to look at more complex issues of narcissism and pain. It's really just a jumping off point for a tour of all sorts of interesting ideas. As a writer, that's what attracted me to it. You have this deeply meaningful thing that people pour their lives into, that really consume them. Whenever you have something that is that meaningful to people, it can teach you a lot about the human condition, which is ultimately what a writer is looking for.
AD: Interestingly, you say that there are some people who have some preconceived notions of what yoga is too, right?
BL: Absolutely. I think that when yoga came to America, it came in fits and spurts. Certainly our parents' generation was exposed to a very particular type of yoga — in leotards and leg warmers, often accompanied by crystals. You know, if you go to India there is that type of yoga, but there's also a myriad of other different types. Yoga is not just one thing. It is a spectacular range of things, and I think we're so desperate for authenticity because so much of what we think is authentic has been taken from us by our culture, by consumerism and by competitive forces. When we see something that we label as authentic — like yoga from the mystical east — we romanticize it and start to capture it and make it into something that's actually just as fictional as anything we can create in our own culture.
AD: And I know that you yourself just had kind of fallen into it — for lack of a better term — as a result of trying to find some sort of exercise you felt was a good fit for you at the time.
BL: Absolutely. That was exactly how I got into it. I was plump and had hurt myself and was horrendously out-of-shape. I am someone who has always been pretty athletic — never a Mr. Universe-type body, but I always tried to be fairly health-conscious. Then I slipped into this kind of a slump for a long time and I just really ballooned up and all of a sudden I kind of realized 'Oh, I have to do something about this. I can't just keep putting on 30 pounds a year. That's not going to end well.'
AD: I'd think not. Gaining 30 pounds a year is definitely not the healthiest thing one can do.
BL: I don't know if it's the same in Chicago, but in Brooklyn — where I was living — yoga is everywhere.
AD: It's pretty popular here, too. There are something like two different yoga places just two blocks away from me. So, when did you realize that this is what you wanted to write about? When did you realize you could make a book out of this?
BL: Fairly early on. I certainly didn't walk into a yoga studio and think I'm going to write a book, but fairly early on I found myself getting obsessed or enveloped in this oddball world full of crazy characters. Of course I heard stories about this madman guru, and that was raising all sorts of questions. As a writer you're always looking for subject matter. So, fairly early on I was like 'This would make a compelling book.' For me, it gave me the opportunity to explore these questions that I otherwise wouldn't be able to. I was a teacher when I started writing the book. I was teaching full-time. If you're teaching full-time — or you have any other full-time job — you might have all of these other curiosities about things, but you don't have the time to track them down and indulge them in a way that being a writer allows. That was really the path to writing Hell-Bent.
AD: Though your book is about so many things — among them your own experience with Bikram Yoga — the backbending, the training for competition, the multi-week teacher training session you partook in — one of the things that you touch on are the allegations of sexual abuse and sexual assault that have relatively recently surfaced. It seems like the reports have really been everywhere in recent days, including on Good Morning America and Nightline. For those who don't know, a number of women in the yoga community allege he sexually abused or sexually assaulted them. Assuming that all of these allegations are true, there is clearly this very dark, very disturbed side to this man that so many seem to have put their trust in.
BL: Absolutely. First of all, I think that — in the book, at least — he becomes symbolic of exactly that Hatha notion that we were talking about earlier in regards to competition. All things are the merger of opposites. We're constantly negotiating these dichotomies in life. In Bikram's case it's someone who is capable of doing a lot of healing and a lot of harm. There is really no doubt in my mind that he has done a tremendous amount of healing through the spreading of his yoga practice. He pretty much single-handedly brought this style of yoga to America. He's enormously influential and there's no end of people who will tell you that he has changed their lives, both in very physical ways — rehabbing knees, elbows, chronic pain and painkiller addictions — to more spiritual things. There's no end to those stories and I give them total credit and weight. I believe them just as much as I believe the people who have interacted with him and paint him as an extraordinarily malicious and manipulative person who has a need to dominate. In the book, after talking with some experts in the field, I label him a pathological narcissist. Those coexist within this one guy. I think there's a big inclination in our culture to label one way or the other and make everything all black or all white. In the book, at least, I wanted to spill all of that stuff out there and kind of present that. Just as yoga competition seems to be an implausible kind of riddle of an idea, this idea of Bikram the man is an implausible riddle.
AD: They're both certainly at odds.
BL: Absolutely. Having talked to the people I have talked to, there's no doubt in my mind that he can be extremely manipulative and uses the leverage of his healing to hurt people sometimes. The fact that people come to him as vulnerable and they achieve breakthroughs with him, which makes them feel dependent on him, gives him a power over them. In some cases that power is benign, in some cases that power is used to awful means. I think that is one of the things that makes people so fascinated — or at least what makes the topic so fascinating to me, as a writer. I always say that the parallel is not to workplace harassment. I think that's something that Nightline kind of misses. The parallel is to incest. This is a community of people who are dependent on each other. They depended on Bikram because he was offering his healing. They depended on him because he was giving them money in the form of their jobs, which were totally dependent on him. They were dependent on a network of friends that they made under him, who were similarly dependent on him. So, the pressure to remain silent and not rock the boat is intense.
AD: And then, from reading your book, it seems that he can have this power or this ability to ostracize. It seems like he can literally order members of the community not to speak with someone and there are at least some people who will listen.
BL: I mean he doesn't actually have that ability, but he certainly does everything in his power to act like he has that power.
AD: I mean, based on what I read in your book, it would seem — from their perspective — that they have this incentive to listen. If they don't, it seems like it is entirely possible from their perspective that they will be ousted as well. Personally I wouldn't be inclined to listen to someone like BIkram, but it seems that there are plenty of people in the community who are, and that's a lot of influence for one person to have.
BL: From an outside perspective it's difficult to understand. I think that's what makes those Nightline reports possibly unsympathetic. 'You went back to this guy who raped you? Why would you ever want to be in his presence again?' Again, that's because the parallel here isn't a rapist jumping out of the bushes. It's not even a parallel to a date rape. It's something that is much more insidious that involves much more trust and many more levels of coercion from the financial to the social to the interpersonal. It's extremely alarming, and anytime that you have that tight-knit type of community, run by someone who exhibits those tendencies, I think it is a very dangerous situation.
AD: This brings me to my next question, which is the question that inevitably seems to get asked by so many whenever these types of incidents come to light. For instance, I know that a similar question came up with Woody Allen and abuse allegations that recently resurfaced and were all over the news. It seems many wrestled with this question of whether it is possible to separate the films from the filmmaker. So, what do you think? In this instance, as is so often asked, is it really possible to "separate" Bikram the person from the yoga? I don't know that anyone should really want to, as it could end up doing a real disservice to many people.
BL: The problem with that phrase is that it's too often used by apologists for the person. It's obvious that we can separate a physical posture from a person. On some level that separation is so obvious it doesn't even bear repeating, and you don't need to throw the baby out with the bathwater. On the other hand, I think that the phrase 'separate the man from his yoga' or 'separate the man from his art' is often used by someone who is an apologist. What they're really saying is that they can have their cake and eat it too, or that they can keep this person around despite their unsavory qualities, that they can keep this person around because of all the good they've done. That, of course, is a very dangerous attitude. It is actually complicit in the abuse when you have a community of people who adopt that mindset. It encourages silence. It encourages people not to speak up. If someone comes to you and tells you 'He raped me,' and your response is that it might have happened but they have to separate what the man did from the yoga they're practicing, that they have to deal with these external factors —- and you mean they need to deal with it internally — that is reckless and irresponsible. That is a destructive thing to tell someone because there is no reason why they have to internally deal with it and it prevents the predator from being stopped. So, that phrase is a little problematic, especially within the community. I will continue to do yoga, even though Bikram taught me how to do yoga indirectly. I don't think yoga is the source of his problems. I don't think that yoga is what made him do it, and I don't think the people who are doing yoga will suddenly turn into abusers.
Benjamin Lorr lives in a small apartment in the West Village of Manhattan. For the six years prior to writing Hell-Bent, he taught high school science and sex education in Bushwick, Brooklyn. He currently consults with New York City public schools and is at work on his second book. For additional information, visit his website. You can also follow him on Twitter.


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Nights yet again? Marvellous! Very busy as usual with last night, Saturday, being busiest so far on my run of three.
Most jobs were of a medical nature and easily sorted out with referrals to G.P.s or a quick trip down to A/E for X ray exclusion of fractures. The latter part of the shift seems to fill up with the drink related jobs around 2 in the morning.
I,ll just run by quickly on 2 jobs that stand out for me which reflect the different ends of the spectrum in this profession of ours:
Called to a 99 year old lady who had fallen at home. She lives on her own, is fiercely independent but is very grateful for our assistance in helping her back onto her bed. This lady is becoming increasingly prone to falls and as such she is getting an invite to the next Ambulance staff night out as I think most crews have been to her.
We picked her up and sorted out her room where she lives her life, happy and content with her lot. But this time she was in tears and said that perhaps this was the time for her to move into a home. We could see that it was a monumental effort for this proud woman to come to this conclusion that yes, she has done well to survive this long with minimal help, but now it was time to let others look after her. A very nice lady who will, I hope, find a nice home to help her thrive once again.
Arriving at an address for a "haemorrhage…possibly dangerous body area" as we got out of the truck two police cars pulled up behind us. They asked us what address we were going to and we replied "number 123456, This Street".It was the same address they were going to for reports of a "domestic" after a nights heavy drinking. (Thats a big surprise).
Any way I let the police lead on and knock on the door which was answered by a male in his twenties who said "please help my girlfriend". We all marched in to find her on the floor covered in blood after putting her arm through a window. (She had done this accidentlly whilst trying to stop her boyfriend from breaking in after they had an argument).
I knew that this was bad….I had just got my new Hi-Viz jacket after waiting months for it to replace my old, battered, torn, faded, ripped one. As soon as I approached the female to ask about her wounds, like a moth attracted to a bright light, she grabbed my sleeves! I now had a yellow jacket with red arms!
We assessed her cuts and dressed her arms saying she needed a trip down to A/E for some stitches and to check for any underlying damage. After what seemed like a lifetime we got her onto the truck. Her boyfriend wanted to come with her, and since he had calmed down we said ok.
That calmness lasted about 1.5 seconds as he launched into "…you f##king slut…" 1.5 seconds later and I launched him out of the back of the truck. He was upset and proceeded to lay down under the back of the truck so we could not reverse and would have to run him over if we did,nt let him back in!
No way was this going to happen, I had washed off the truck earlier and did not want bits of him stuck to our nice shiny vehicle! Eventually we pushed him out of the way and took the female to A/E who shortly after arrival discharged herself and caught a taxi back to her boyfriend who she "loved".What was the point?


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Critics question size, cost of proposed second stadium in Katy ISD
Critics of a bond referendum that would include funding for a 14,000-seat, $69.5 million football stadium in Katy Independent School District say the measure is "grossly excessive" and does not give voters a choice of projects.
Cyndi Lawrence, president of an anti-tax group called Katy Libertea, said her members do not oppose all of the projects in the $99 million bond package, which includes $25 million to expand the Gerald D. Young Agricultural Sciences Center and $4.5 million for a new science, technology, engineering and math center.
"They are coming at us with a $99 million bond that is all or nothing," Lawrence said. "Some of us support the STEM Center and the agricultural facilities but we feel that $69 million is way outlandish for a football stadium."
An anti-bond PAC called Put Katy Kids First has registered with the state to oppose the bond, according to Katy Libertea member Darcy Kahrhoff.
If the bond is approved on Nov. 5, the new stadium would be built north of Rhodes Stadium, at 1733 Katyland Drive, on 58 acres owned by the district.
Bond supporters and district officials say as enrollment increases, it is crucial that facilities for student activities keep pace with the growth and with the opening of Tompkins High School, a second stadium is needed to meet the challenge of scheduling seven teams and to comply with University Interscholastic League rules.
"We are the only school district in Texas with seven high schools to play (football) in one stadium," said John Eberlan, who served on a district design committee for the stadium. "We would have to have a game on Thursday, one on Friday and two on Saturday to satisfy the weekly requirement."
District chief operations officer Tom Gunnell said a second stadium, to be designed by PBK Architects, would be a multipurpose facility that would provide additional opportunities for student events such as marching contests, soccer games or other activities.
Education advocate and longtime district critic George Scott, who said he supports building a second competitive stadium at a reasonable cost, said the district has taken a cynical approach in structuring the bond in an all-or-nothing package.
"It is not necessary to spend $69 million to resolve the needs of the growing number of high schools in the district," Scott said. "We do not need a 14,000-seat stadium to meet the needs of the district's football program."
Eberlan, who also served on a bond committee for the bond package, said the overwhelming response of the committee was to choose the 14,000-seat facility when presented with the options and the minimal differences in price compared to one with 12,000 or 13,000 seats.
Capacity issue
According to district data, Scott said the capacity issue at Rhodes Stadium has not been a problem in 41 games between Aug. 31, 2012 and Sept. 28, 2013 with a few exceptions.
District data shows that with the exception of about a half dozen games involving Katy or Cinco Ranch high schools, attendance at Rhodes did not exceed the stated capacity of 9,840.
On Oct. 19, 2012, the total attendance reached 9,746 in a match-up between Seven Lakes and Katy high schools.
Attendance peaked at 6,171 for Katy High School in a match-up with Taylor High on Oct. 12, 2012. On Sept, 13, 2012 in a game featuring Morton Ranch and Hastings high schools, the total attendance was 2,896.
Included in these figures is the district's allocation of 1,000 seats each for the visitor and home team bands, drill teams and color guards.
District officials say a design committee composed of members of the community determined that the new stadium should contain more seats than Rhodes to accommodate playoff games and to meet future needs.
School district spokesman Steve Stanford said the district uses Tully, Rice and Reliant stadiums during second-round playoff games.
Scott said based on interviews with those in the construction business, reputable contractors have told him that a state-of-the-art stadium could be built for $30 million, but it would not have all the "cotton candy" that Katy ISD wants to include in its proposal such as a banquet room, office space for athletic administrators and other "extravagant" features.
"This district does not have an ounce of financial discipline," Scott said. "When there is an opportunity to save a buck, why choose to go the whole hog way?"
Citing a new 18,000-seat, $60 million stadium, which did not include costs for parking infrastructure or a field house that opened in Allen Independent School District in 2012, school officials say the Katy ISD project is in line with the cost of recent stadiums built in Texas.
Lawrence also protests the wording on the ballot which she feels deceives voters in stating the bond is "for the construction, acquisition and equipment of school buildings in the district and the purchase of the necessary sites for school buildings…"
"There is no mention of a $69 million football stadium," Lawrence said.
Stanford said the ballot language is standard for this type of measure and is approved by county election officials before it is placed on the ballot.
"It is similar to the language the district has used for previous bond measures," he said.
According to district records, a political action committee called SAFE for Kids (Student Activity Facilities Expansion) has formed to support the bond.
Other local elections
Voters in Fort Bend County will also decide Nov. 5 on a $184.9 million mobility bond for road improvements which will fund more than 60 projects in four precincts.
For information, Fort Bend County voters should go to www.fortbendcountytx.gov/index.aspx?page=588 or call 281-341-8670.
Voters in Harris County will get a chance to save the Astrodome by approving up to $217 million to convert the structure to a convention hall/exhibit space and to vote on a $70 million proposition to build an adult detention central joint processing center.
For information, Harris County voters should go to www.harrisvotes.org/ or call 713-755-6965.
Early voting begins Monday, Oct. 21.


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COMSOL Conference 2013 Rotterdam Award Winners
The COMSOL Conference 2013 Rotterdam came to an end last Friday. After dinner on the second day, six contributions were awarded for their outstanding work: three in the Best Paper category and three in the Best Poster category. The moderator of the awards ceremony — Belgian engineer, stand-up comedian, and COMSOL user — Filip Van den Abeele compared COMSOL Multiphysics to a Swiss Army Knife. After looking at the diversity of subjects that is displayed in the award winning papers and posters, I can only agree with his analogy.
Congratulations to the Best Paper Winners of the COMSOL Conference 2013 Rotterdam
The Best Paper winner Göran Eriksson from ABB AB, Corporate Research, Sweden, explains in his paper how to use COMSOL Multiphysics and the RF Module to approximately model thin conducting wires or cables interacting with a surrounding electromagnetic field. His idea makes it feasible to use the finite element method (FEM) for modeling electromagnetic interference in situations where, traditionally, finite difference methods are used. Although his method is non-stringent, it is able to predict currents induced by an applied electromagnetic field in wires, networks of wires, and fields radiated from antennas.
In the paper "Optimal Heat Sink Fin and Cold Lid Heights for Liquid Immersed Servers", Abdulmajeed Almaneea from the University of Leeds, UK, presents his research on a closed server that is filled with Novac dielectric cooling liquid. The goal here was to determine the optimum value of the fin and cold lid height in order to reduce the CPU temperature. The selection process for the 30 cases to be investigated used an Optimal Latin Hypercube (OLH) design of the experiment. The optimal solution he found (using a genetic algorithm) showed a 22% decrease of the CPU temperature.
The third Best Paper award winner Silvia Bersan from the Politecnico di Milano, Italy, discusses in her paper how to model piping in granular material. As we find out in the paper, piping is a type of internal erosion that occurs beneath water retaining structures that lay on sandy soil. Silvia Bersan set up a small-scale physical model in the laboratory in order to try to reproduce the erosion channel growth that occurs in the sand. Additionally, she developed a finite element model that represents the physical model. Her paper presents the comparison among modeling strategies, whereby we can see that laminar flow in the erosion channel can be modeled very efficiently using Darcy's law and the Fracture Flow interface.
On stage: Svante Littmarck, CEO of the COMSOL Group, and the award winners at the COMSOL Conference 2013 Rotterdam.
Best Posters Take You from Melting Chocolate to Outer Space
The poster with the most votes for the Popular Choice award was presented by Brigitte Watzke from the Nestlé Research Center, Switzerland. Attendees' votes were guided by the delicious subject of her poster: chocolate. Her poster describes the modeling of the melting process of differently-shaped pieces of chocolate and the influence this shape has on the release of cocoa aromas. Let's hope they use this knowledge to make even better tasting chocolate!
While Brigitte's poster is concerned with melting sweets, the second award-winning poster, presented by Chris de Jonge from SRON Netherlands, Institute for Space Research, involves a completely different area — outer space. His poster discusses the design of a calibration source for the SAFARI Imaging Spectrometer, a part of the SPICA satellite payload.
From outer space we move to nuclear waste storage, the topic of the poster of the third and final Best Poster winner, Piergianni Geraldini from Sogin S.p.A, Italy. He models the operation of industrial dehumidifiers in order to control the corrosion of the drums containing nuclear waste for the design of storage facilities.
I enjoyed seeing so many different applications of COMSOL Multiphysics, and I hope that you will also appreciate the work of this year's award recipients. Once again, congratulations to all of you!
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A (very) abridged version of chapter 4 of Why Should I Believe Christianity? was recently published in the Christian Research Journal 40:5 (2017). It's reproduced here with permission.
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The Orion Nebula, as the closest site of massive ongoing star formation to Earth, has long been one of the most intensely studied objects in the night sky. But it still holds mysteries, including these "bullets" emanating from its center.
The so-called bullets are the blue regions in the above photograph, which was taken by the Gemini South telescope in Chile. These dense, mysterious objects are ripping through the hydrogen clouds at supersonic speeds, and no one is exactly sure why. Most likely, these bullets were created less than a thousand years ago from a mysterious source inside the cloud known as IRc2. This particular image is a close-up image taken in the infrared spectrum, although we're still not getting too close to the bullets, considering just how huge they really are. NASA explains:
Blasted out by energetic massive star formation the bullets, relatively dense, hot gas clouds about ten times the size of Pluto's orbit, are blue in the false color image. Glowing with the light of ionized iron atoms they travel at speeds of hundreds of kilometers per second, their passage traced by yellowish trails of the nebula's shock-heated hydrogen gas. The cone-shaped wakes are up to a fifth of a light-year long. The detailed image was created using the 8.1 meter Gemini South telescope in Chile with a newly commisioned adaptive optics system (GeMS). Achieving a larger field of view than previous generation adaptive optics, GeMS uses five laser generated guide stars to help compensate for the blurring effects of planet Earth's atmosphere.
For more awesome images like this, check out NASA's Astronomy Photo of the Day.