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With the cost of flights continuing to rise, we're starting to see stories in the media about how frequent flyers are spending their miles instead of dollars when they deem the cost of a flight to be too much.
We decided to do a little research on the topic and asked a group of frequent flyers three questions. All of those polled are frequent flyers who have volunteered to be part of our advisory board about frequent travel programs. Most are elite members and many are some of the best customers of their chosen airlines and hotels. Most, but not all, are based in North America. This study would definitely not stand up to scientific scrutiny, but we think the findings are still of interest and most likely reflect the feelings of a majority of frequent flyers — and will give you food for thought about where you stand on the issue of cash or miles.
The first question:
In the last three months have you used your miles for an award ticket that you normally would have purchased because the cost of the flight has gone up so much recently?
The responses here were almost equally split between those who said yes and those who said no, with more "yes" answers by a very tiny margin. "Yes, on a trip now, and have an employee on my miles with me. Saved $2,000," commented one flyer.
While another, answering "no" had this to say: "Prior to this year, nearly half the time I redeemed an award ticket, I ended up paying a fee to redeposit it. Because the fare was so low, it wasn't worth the miles. This may change, however." It sounds like the traveler's "no" is on its way to becoming a "yes" and the statement ends with, "Realize of course that getting an award seat will be much harder, so get used to paying double (50,000 for a domestic award) to redeem an award." This traveler was not the only person who expressed concern about the mileage cost of an award ticket — more people commented on this fear than any other.
Another "no" was also very close to a "yes": "No, although I have looked. While prices for tickets have gone up, it is harder to get mileage seats."
Another frequent flyer saying "yes" commented, "In fact, I ended up using a J class [business class] award. Saved $1,000 on what the economy ticket would have cost (and wasn't charged the fuel surcharge)."
And the final "no" voter had this to say about miles, "I used them before prices went up."
The second question:
Do you anticipate using your miles for an award ticket that you normally would have purchased because the cost of the flight has gone up?
Of the three questions, this one had the highest percentage answering yes. In fact, the yes votes were more than double the number of those who said no. And only a very small percentage did not have a yes or no answer to this question.
One traveler was adamant about using miles: "I will use my FF miles more because the fares have become too expensive. If I can't get a flight with miles, I just won't go…"
Another was more practical: "It depends on whether I am paying for it or can expense it. It also depends on if it makes a difference on obtaining elite status."
And yet another sees it merely as a matter of numbers: "My threshold was always $2-300.00. So I am sure I will use miles more often." And once again, the fear that mileage amounts will increase was expressed, "Hopefully. Not many 25,000-mile awards are available any more. All go to 50,000."
The third and final question:
Do you see your frequent flyer miles as more valuable now that tickets are becoming more expensive?
The yes answers are the majority here, but by a slim margin and throughout, those who answered yes voiced concerns about increased mileage costs for flights and shrinking seat capacity — it's safe to say that no one is seeing a rosy picture in this regard.
"Yes, good point — it will be good to have the option to cash in miles for tickets (until the airlines double the miles required)," mentioned one flyer.
"Slightly. But availability is bound to shrink with the capacity reductions," said another with a similar fear that what might be good now, will surely disappear soon.
"Yes, if we can redeem them and if the airlines don't increase the miles needed, which they tend to do." And this from another, "A little, but they are being so devalued (especially Delta) or impossible to redeem that I still can't burn them fast enough."
And yet another similar "yes" response: "Slightly. But availability is bound to shrink with the capacity reductions." And another, "Yes, but I fear that the cost of mileage redemptions will also increase."
Another flyer had this interesting comment in regards to loyalty: "YES — and I am also more open to various airlines and ticket options (e.g. Spirit last week for $34 RT DTW-LGA) rather than opting for same old airline or frequent flyer ticket."
Another respondent summed it up thus: "Mark my words. I expect the airlines to soon raise the mileage requirement for awards or eliminate the saver awards. I expect 50,000 miles to be the standard for a domestic coach award, and 100,000 miles required for a coach roundtrip from North America to Europe. End result, frequent flyer miles will be less valuable."
Of those saying "no," the comments ran along these lines: "NO — less valuable due to stricter capacity controls and higher mileage amounts needed for flights."
"No, because the programs have devaluated miles so much."
"Sadly no, as they are less available. I have noticed that while double miles used to get you a ticket if there was an open seat, it appears they are now limiting the double mile anytime seats. You can buy the seat, but not get it for miles even if you use double. I think it is only going to get harder."
"No. Quite the contrary — because tickets are more expensive, the airlines are essentially forcing me to use miles for tickets I didn't want to use them for. I prefer to save them for far more luxurious vacation trips, but am stuck using them for even domestic midcon trips to avoid paying $500+ for a roundtrip ticket. While the cents per mile equation may increase for the miles now, the actual value has decreased."
"No, because the miles required have increased and with the airlines cutting capacity and mothballing old planes, the chances of actually using the miles for free tickets is about zero."
And finally, "No. They have very little value. What's the point of having points if you can't use the points freely? That's why I have been focusing my attention to hotel loyalty at Starwood and Hilton chains. I like the fact that if there is a room available, I can have it for points. Southwest used to provide this flexibility but even they have stopped it."
Some final observations: not surprisingly, those who said "yes" to the first two questions were more likely to also say "yes" to the last question. So those who think their miles are worth more now are acting on their belief and spending their miles.
And for an opposing view, one traveler had this to say, "My answer is 'No' to all three questions. I use my miles almost exclusively for overseas business and first class travel, that is, for tickets that have always been very expensive." For this traveler, life will go on as usual — he just might have to spend more miles.
With the cost of flights continuing to rise, will there be a "sweet spot" for award redemption before the airlines all raise their award mileage redemption amounts? So far, only American has raised the cost of their awards in miles. Most all of the airlines are opting to have frequent flyer members pay out more cash for awards in the form of award fees (such as US Airways' decision to implement an award "processing fee" between $25-50, depending on where you're flying and Delta's new "fuel surcharge" on award tickets). We suspect we will see more frequent flyer members cashing in their miles if fuel costs and airfares continue to rise and their faith in their frequent flyer program continues to decline.
How do you feel about this topic? You can tell us at WebFlyer.com's "Air Poll." And you can see the results of the poll thus far in the "Reader Meter" section of this magazine.

subset: commoncrawl


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New product
BCN by Kristalia is an adjustable swivel stool with a disc base. The modernist design of the stool by the designers, Harry & Camila, is distinctive. This is particularly apparent in the striking manner in which the seat is formed by bending back on itself in a ess-shape. An emphasis has been placed on the quality and advanced technology of the materials.
Warning: Last items in stock!
Availability date:


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Check out this beautiful home on Highland Road!
Call today for your appointment! 225-366-8656
For all homes available visit BatonRougeRealEstateDeals.com
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Summers are here! As they continue to shoot in the scorching heat, the cast of Siddharth Kumar Tewary's Mahakaali – Anth Hi Aarambh Hai, talk about how they stay cool. Meghan Jadhav – Yes, that's most difficult time to shoot. Shooting in summers and heat isn't easy but we try …Read More »
Home / Tag Archives: Mahakali


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FAIRHAVEN — The Adult Education program at Greater New Bedford Regional Vocational Technical High School this fall is offering a selection of 71 courses, ranging from Web Site Design and Digital Photography to Computer Aided Drafting and MIG-TIG Welding.
FAIRHAVEN — The Adult Education program at Greater New Bedford Regional Vocational Technical High School this fall is offering a selection of 71 courses, ranging from Web Site Design and Digital Photography to Computer Aided Drafting and MIG-TIG Welding.
Registration for the upcoming semester has begun, and will run until the start of classes on Sept. 17
Several new courses are being offered. They include Microsoft Office Specialist (MOS) Certification in Word; MOS Certification in Excel; a Microsoft Office Mini-Course; Marine Electronics Technology, Business Etiquette, Resume Writing, Scrapbooking, Beginner's Quilting Class, and a Weight Watchers® class.
GNB Voc-Tech is offering several courses required for licensing or certification in the trades, including a National Restaurant Association ServSafe Certification course, ServSafe Re-Certification, and a 10-Hour OSHA Construction and Safety course. It also is offering courses in Basic Refrigeration/EPA 608A Certification, Universal R-410A Safety and Training Certification, Massachusetts Building Code, Building Code Blue Print Reading/Plan Review, and Industrial/Municipal Wastewater Training.
It is also offering Small Engine Repair; Machine Shop and CNC for Woodworking and Machine; Carpentry; Hydraulics, CAD; Electrical Code Class for Journeymen and Master's, Plumbing; and Steam Engineering.
The school offers a host of courses in the practical and fine arts, including classes in practical gourmet cooking with Chef Henry Bousquet, canvas painting with Debbie Macy, watercolor painting with Vivian Lewis, Knitting/Crocheting with Jackie Angelo, and Sewing and Quilting. It also offers conversational Spanish, conversational Portuguese, and American Sign Language I and II.
Tuition generally ranges from $60 to $300 per course, with an additional textbook fee in some courses. Residents of New Bedford, Dartmouth and Fairhaven — the three communities in the GNB Voc-Tech school district — receive a tuition discount. Payments may be made by cash, check, VISA or MasterCard.
Registration will be held at GNB Voc-Tech on September 4-5 and September 10 from 5:00-8:00 p.m. Classes begin the week of September 17.
Course catalogs are posted under "Adult Education" on the school's website at www.gnbvt.edu. They are also available at the school, by calling (508) 998-3321, ext. 195 or 223, or by e-mail at email@example.com.


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The development of computed tomography (CT) 3D scans has led to improved visualization and comprehension of the anatomy in the areas in which implants are being planned for placement.
Conventional x-rays can produce only two-dimensional images. The rotating 360-degree i-CAT scan system allows doctors to see where critical anatomy is located: the sinuses, nerves, blood vessels, bone structure and density, and teeth. Using the 3D virtual anatomy images, Dr. Roberts & Dr. Hall can easily visualize and determine, with the help of a software program, the prosthetic tooth, occlusion with the opposing tooth, exact implant placement angle and thickness of the soft tissue between the bone and the tooth.
The virtual anatomy allows Dr. Roberts & Dr. Hall to test the feasibility of the proposed implant placement, to investigate multiple treatment scenarios, to determine the size, type and diameter of the implant that can be used to maximize the implant-to-bone contact and to make needed modifications to the plan in order to optimize the spatial and functional relationships between the planned prosthetic treatment and the anatomy.
We are committed to providing our Twin Falls patients with the highest quality dental care available - through the most proven dental technology and progressive education in dentistry.
Website Design | SEO by WebMarkets Medical Marketing


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The Rajya Sabha on Thursday passed the Companies Bill, which is aimed at protecting the interest of employees and small investors.
The Rajya Sabha on Thursday passed the Companies Bill, which is aimed at protecting the interest of employees and small investors.
The Minister for Corporate Affairs, Sachin Pilot, said the historic measure will give impetus to growth and bring transparency.
The Companies Bill was passed by voice vote.
Since the Companies Bill has already been passed by the Lok Sabha in December 2012, it now only needs Presidential assent before the new legislation comes into effect.
The Bill, which replaces the 1956 Companies Law, seeks to enhance the accountability of companies by shifting the onus of regulation and oversight over management away from the government and towards shareholders.
On some issues, the Bill provides for tighter control by shareholders over management decisions by requiring 75 percent majority of shareholder approval rather than a simple majority. In cases where companies in financial distress have to be rehabilitated, the Bill gives much greater powers to creditors to supervise a rescue plan and restrict the powers of company management.
In a first, the Bill also allows shareholders and creditors to file class action suits against the company. The Bill also further protects the interests of small investors while encouraging companies to undertake social welfare activities.


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St. Anthony Catholic Parish cares about the children coming to receive the Sacrament of Baptism by supporting, educating and preparing the parents. We encourage parents to travel the faith journey with their children and be active participants in parish activities.
Baptismal Preparation
At least one parent must be a registered, practicing Catholic. The parents and sponsors must have taken a baptismal preparation class. The sponsors must be over the age of 16, practicing Catholics and, if married, validly married in the Church.


text: Arguments. The Supreme Court heard arguments on the Affordable Care Act this week. Less civil arguments on the same topic were simultaneously held outside the Court, on the airwaves, and across the punditocracy. There's no room for such arguments on this week's quiz—just a choice of four answers. So deliberate, uphold the right one, and strike down the rest. (And hopefully finish up before the Court does in June.)


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On World Food Day, some facts about food and development
Tuesday, October 16 is World Food Day, which marks the founding of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations(FAO) 67 years ago, and calls attention each year to the persistent problem of world hunger. While FAO says that progress has been made and that there are 130 million fewer hungry people today than there were 20 years ago, it also offers statistics that underscore how food insecurity remains a major global challenge, particularly in the developing world:
- One in eight people in the world today are undernourished. That amounts to about 870 million people, or roughly the combined population of North America and the European Union.
- About 98 percent of these undernourished people live in developing countries.
- Poverty and poor agricultural infrastructure are two of the key causes of hunger and malnutrition. For that reason, investments in projects that help create jobs, build roads or improve infrastructure in other ways, can also help to address food insecurity.
- Women, who make up a little more than half of the world's population, account for more than 60 percent of the world's hungry.
- Hunger poses a significant economic burden, both on individuals and on national economies. The cost of hunger to developing nations is estimated at $450 billion per year.
OPIC, which in recent years has made renewable resources one of its investment priorities, recognizes that food is a renewable resource. The agency has worked to increase its focus on sustainable agriculture and clean water by supporting projects such as the modernization of the water system in Ghana, where there is a severe shortage of clean water for drinking and agriculture. In fact, OPIC's focus on these key development issues helped the agency grow its total renewable resources commitments to $1.55 billion in fiscal year 2012, up 41 percent from the year before.
"By increasing exponentially our support for sustainable agriculture projects this year, we aimed to tackle one of the significant development challenges of our time – the growing need for greater food security in emerging markets," said OPIC President and CEO Elizabeth Littlefield.


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Family planning
Societal dialog
"If you invest in education, you are helping to counter population growth and overcome poverty."
- Dr. Norbert Cloppenburg, Member of the Board of Managing Directors of KfW Banking Group, Germany
Donations, important as they are in emergency situations, only have a short-term effect at best. The structures that cause poverty remain untouched. We can only create long-term prospects for people in countries affected by poverty by means of sustainable economic development generating sufficient resources, jobs and education for the entire population.
Long-term concepts help people to initiate fundamental changes in their country themselves. However, in order to be able to jointly design such concepts, the responsible players in politics, academia, non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and business must understand the interaction of factors that stand in the way of such a sustainable development.
Bayer is actively involved in the societal dialog on sustainability issues, and creates forums to promote the exchange of ideas and develop workable solutions in cooperation with partners.
International Dialogue on Population and Sustainable Development
Since 2002 we have been hosting an international conference called the International Dialogue on Population and Sustainable Development.
About 200 experts from the field of development work – politicians, scientists, representatives of governmental and non-governmental organizations, as well as industry – use the annual conference to discuss the experience they have had with realizing the Millennium Development Goals; they also draft recommendations. These are then made available to development-policy decision-makers.
Education and access to family planning are among the core topics of the Dialogue. The rapid population growth in many countries is a major factor influencing the scarcity of resources. Education enables young people in particular to plan their lives, a career and a family in a way that takes account of available resources, and to initiate changes.
You need a lot of staying power to change fundamental structures. This is why it is important to us to actively involve the young generation in a dialog; after all, these young people will be responsible tomorrow for continuing the developments that we initiate today.
Partner organizations
- Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ)
- International Planned Parenthood Federation (IPPF)
- DSW (Deutsche Stiftung Weltbevoelkerung)
- German Society for International Cooperation (GIZ)
- KfW Bankengruppe (Kreditanstalt für Wiederaufbau, KfW)
International Dialogue on Population and Sustainable Development (external)
Parliamentary Evening
Together with the Foundation for World Population, Bayer has been organizing a parliamentary evening every year since 2009. Prominent panel guests discuss issues of development policy and population trends with an audience of over a hundred invited experts from the fields of development cooperation, as well as representatives from politics, diplomatic representations, medical research, international non-governmental organizations and think tanks.
The series of events aims to draw public attention to these important societal issues and to promote a broad exchange of ideas on development policy. The conclusions drawn on the causes of poverty and adverse economic developments then form the basis for developing effective strategies for solutions in a network of partners.
Discourse paves the way for the first steps
For Bayer, "Science For A Better Life" means more than manufacturing innovative products: the tagline also applies when it comes to improving people's living conditions and making these improvements permanent. Klaus Brill tells us which subjects are at the center of attention, what role the Dialogue plays in the drive for sustainability, and what prospects it opens up.


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Having spent nearly four years on SS Rajamouli's Baahubali franchise, actor Prabhas will finally commence work on his next yet-untitled Telugu outing on Monday. The film will be directed by Sujeeth.
"For all the darlings and well wishers out there. Pooja tomorrow. Thanks for all the wishes in advance. Prabhas 19 shuru karenge," Sujeeth tweeted on Sunday.
Sujeeth made his directorial debut with the 2014 Telugu romantic-comedy Run Raja Run in Prabhas's production. According to a source from the film's unit, Prabhas will play a police officer in the film.
"He plays a duty-fearing cop. He will lose muscle and look leaner for his role in the film. He has already started working out to look his part," the source said.
While Shankar-Ehsaan-Loy trio has been roped in to compose tunes, Madhie will crank the camera.
Source : hindustantimes.com


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Blackjack online is definitely the most popular, played game all over the world, as it combines the most attractive features of any casino game, and gives any player a chance to win amazing prizes and try luck at the same time!
If you want to learn how to play blackjack, you will only need to remember a few rules and combinations, which will help you get the best score and beat the contestants. The main aim of the game is to reach 21 score, without going over and having the highest total score on the table. First, you need to place a bet. Then the cards are dealt left to the right with their face down. If your score is higher than dealer's is, you win. You will also win if the dealer has 21 score with three or more cards. However, you will lose if you exceed 21 score. The best blackjack combination is when your first two cards have 21 score in total.
Most of the online casinos offer users to have cards in both hands, which increases your chances to win. Blackjack rules are more than simple and any player will have a chance to enjoy the game at once, without days of preparation.
Short history of blackjack
As it happens with most of the games, casino blackjack has an unclear origin and there are lots of theories, which are all backed with multiple theories and facts. Most of historians believe that blackjack originated in 1700 and was initially called Vingt-et-Un, which means twenty-one in French. It derived from such games as French Ferme and Chemin de Fer, which were popular among royals at that time.
There is also a version that blackjack originated in Spain and was called 'One and Thirty', where a player needed to collect 31 points with the help of three cards in hand. Some people think that the game was invented by Romans, who used to play it with wooden blocks. However, there is no valid proof to support the idea.
When gambling was approved in Nevada in 1931, the game was still called '21'. It drew attention of most of the casinos, which added additional bets to the game and included it to their selection of games.
Rules and strategies
Any blackjack strategy is based on counting the scores, so you can find dozen variations online, which may be suitable in your particular case. However, they may not be an option at a certain casino, so the best way is to print out or download all the strategy charts and memorize them.
In such a way, you will always be ready to minimize the house edge, increase your profits and will be ready to stand even when there are not many scores in your hand. Remember that any strategy is worth using only when it is appropriate and timely.
Blackjack tips and tricks
There are five main tips, which will make your online blackjack nz experience as pleasant as possible:
- If you notice that the dealer has 4, 5, 6, you need to double down or split to add more money to the pot, when the dealer decides to fall;
- Stand further if you hold 17. Although the chance of winning is low, there is no point in dropping;
- If you have aces and eights, always split them. In such a way you will double your chances to win;
- Don't choose an insurance option if it is offered by the casino;
- Try to play online blackjack free before placing a real bet.


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In a development that could make the advanced form of secure communications known as quantum cryptography more practical, University of Michigan researchers have demonstrated a simpler, more efficient single-photon emitter that can be made using traditional semiconductor processing techniques.
Single-photon emitters release one particle of light, or photon, at a time, as opposed to devices like lasers that release a stream of them. Single-photon emitters are essential for quantum cryptography, which keeps secrets safe by taking advantage of the so-called observer effect: The very act of an eavesdropper listening in jumbles the message. This is because in the quantum realm, observing a system always changes it.
For quantum cryptography to work, it's necessary to encode the message—which could be a bank password or a piece of military intelligence, for example—just one photon at a time. That way, the sender and the recipient will know whether anyone has tampered with the message.
While the U-M researchers didn't make the first single-photon emitter, they say their new device improves upon the current technology and is much easier to make.
Read more at: Phys.org


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Kaika Jewellery Launches in South Africa
A little while ago I was approached and asked if I'd consider being an ambassador for the Kaika Jewellery brand. Kaika, founded by sisters Sharmn and Shahnaz Cola, wanted their campaign to feature regular girls-next-door; I jumped at the chance. Bee Diamondhead, Raya Rossi and I spent a morning at the Legacy Collective Studio getting our hair and make-up did, putting some outfits together and accessorising with our favourite pieces from the eclectic international range. The shoot was a lot of fun; although I have new-found respect for the boys and girls who do this for a living. I had to concentrate really hard to stop my mouth from twitching. Here's a look at the campaign and some of my favourite pieces from the collection…
Check out the full Kaika Jewellery range here.
brandslut xoxo


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Hi (Yay another "I'm in" post).
I usually make some smalls games aaaand I though I could give a try here ! I'll try to make a fun game for that first time.I will use : gedit, löve/lua and sfxr . And for music, I think I will try Inudge.
Good luck to everyone!


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We ponder. We innovate. We design. We amaze. We're an independent, creative imaging studio that looks beyond the confines of four walls and considers overall design. Applying many combined years of experience, our team patiently researches your need, deeply considers your situation, pursues a creative solution, and expertly makes it real.
Every drone photography situation is unique. Every area is its own. Every setting deserves to be considered for its independence. Drone, real estate, Photo, video, Text, Graphic, Image -- we offer many options. Your need may require one or many. We take the time to consider your needs and craft an innovative video that is all you.
FAA Approved
Maurice is an award winning photographer and filmmaker for over 35 years.He brings a creative approach to every project.Problem solving is one of his strengths along with a background in graphic arts. Maurice is also FAA approved to fly some of the best drones to deliver professional drone and real estate photography.
Owner and operator Maurice Rodriguez.


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links to this page:
.changes file
Method Statements
Smalltalk abandonSources
Running Squeak on a PDA - space saving issues
Smalltalk compressSources
Smalltalk condenseSources
FAQ: Distributing Squeak Programs
FAQ: Squeak File Extentions
Swiki Page List
.sources file
Last updated at 12:47 am UTC on 17 January 2006
The file SqueakV3.sources contains the base source code for the 3.x versions. It is the same for all these versions.
SqueakV3.sources actually contains the source code for Squeak 3.0, and then the
.changes file
for 3.4 (for example) contains the source code changes and additions going from 3.0 to 3.4.
.changes file
See also
Smalltalk compressSources
Smalltalk abandonSources


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The number of business trips taken in 2011 grew by 15 per cent, according to figures released by VisitEngland.
Conference News reports this figure beat that of the number of domestic overnight trips experienced by ordinary holidaying Britons – which increased just nine per cent.
However, this wasn't unwelcome news by any means. England's national tourism agency also revealed that spending during 2011 was up 13 per cent year-on-year, to £18 billion.
With regards to business travel, the agency said it expects that the number of trips taken this year will be roughly the same as those in 2011. If true, this might give event planners some kind of expectation as to how many people may attend their corporate events. London may well take the lion's share of these trips though, being the UK's business capital.
James Berresford, VisitEngland's chief executive seemed pleased with the figures. In a statement cited by Incentive Travel, he said: "2011 was the third consecutive year since 2009 that the number of domestic overnight trips taken in England has been above pre-recession levels.
"This, coupled with our recent 'Day Visits' research which revealed that 1.3 billion domestic day trips were taken in England last year, clearly demonstrates that Brits are increasingly inspired to discover the fantastic destination on their doorstep."


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See also Challenges by Initiator, Institution, Type, and Year.
For comparison, see also The Most Frequently Challenged Books of 1990–1999.
| Dealing with Challenges | Reporting a Challenge |
1Out of 6,364 challenges reported to or recorded by the Office for Intellectual Freedom, as compiled by the Office for Intellectual Freedom, American Library Association. (See Background Information: 1990–2000 under The Most Frequently Challenged Books of 2000.) The ALA Office for Intellectual Freedom does not claim comprehensiveness in recording challenges. Research suggests that for each challenge reported there are as many as four or five which go unreported.
Links to non-ALA sites have been provided because these sites may have information of interest. Neither the American Library Association nor the Office for Intellectual Freedom necessarily endorses the views expressed or the facts presented on these sites; and furthermore, ALA and OIF do not endorse any commercial products that may be advertised or available on these sites.


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4 years after storm, some places changed by Sandy forever
Published October 28, 2016 Associated Press
*** begin quote ***
NEW YORK – For four years, people have worked hard and mostly successfully to erase the deep scars Superstorm Sandy left on the New York and New Jersey coastlines when it crashed ashore with deadly force on Oct. 29, 2012.
But recovery will never come to Oakwood Beach, among several places along the coast that have seen permanent changes wrought by the storm.
*** and ***
In Seaside Heights, made infamous by the MTV reality show "Jersey Shore," authorities still plan to rebuild an amusement park that had its roller coaster swept into the surf by the storm. But the town gave up on returning the park to a pier that jutted out into the water, opting instead for a new location on the beach.
*** end quote ***
Seaside Heights NJ 08751 will never be the same. It may never regain it past "glory". Even though it survived MTV's "Jersey Shore" reality show — where Brooklyn studs and sluts were portrayed as "Jerzee". Argh!
Note the Gooferment / Statist language in the article.
Like "authorities still plan" and "the town gave up"!
Neither the citizens of nor the taxpayers to the "Borough of Seaside Heights" were ever polled. In fact, continuing a town tradition of rule by the elite, in the days after the storm, property "owners" were prevented from reentry. Who knows what happened during those weeks? But we do know from news footage that the boardwalk owners met often with the "town officials" about what would happen.
It's a sad state of affairs when the Sheeple are treated so badly.
Another time when I'm not so aggrieved, let's talk about the phony "Federal Flood Insurance" program and the fraud it is.
# – # – # – # – #
*** begin quote ***
"If I could do one thing and wave a magic wand, I would eliminate the national flood insurance program," he said to cheers from some of those who protested him minutes earlier. "They won't let us regulate them … and they dominate the market." — Gov. Chris Christie
*** end quote ***


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WASHINGTON (MarketWatch) -- Shares of Internet-phone company Vonage Holding Corp. sank 21% Wednesday after another major legal setback, and Sprint Nextel Corp. dipped following a ratings cut, but most telecommunications stocks edged higher.
Vonage VG, +1.66% lost a patent dispute with Sprint and was ordered to fork over $69.5 million in damages. See full story.
Earlier this year, Vonage also lost a patent dispute with Verizon Communications Inc. Vonage has appealed the Verizon ruling and said that it will do the same with the Sprint case.
Vonage's stock barely hung above the $1 mark, down 28 cents in morning trading.
Separately, Goldman Sachs cut its rating on Sprint to neutral from buy, saying that the company's turnaround plan is not working as quickly as hoped. Sprint S, +2.22% shares fell a few cents and were last at $18.38.
Most telecom stocks, however, advanced in Wednesday action. ADC Telecommunications Inc. gained almost 5%, reversing losses from earlier this week. Tellabs Inc. rose as much as 1.5%.
Verizon VZ, +0.61% led big phone stocks with a nearly 1% increase in value to $44.49.
Looking at key sector indexes, the Dow Jones Wilshire Fixed Line Telecommunications Index added 0.7% to 1,501 points, topping that mark for the very first time.
Over the past year, the index has ranged from 1,499 points to a low of 1,161 points.
The Dow Jones Wilshire Telecommunications Equipment Index moved up 1.1% to stand at 7,355 points. It has ranged from a high of 7,304 points to a low of 5,986 points over the past year.


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Our unlined Super Rain Set, perfect for outdoor adventures and forest school, is waterproof (up to 10000mm) and has taped seams for extra protection against rain. This rain set is made from durable, high quality fabric and can be worn over clothing. The jacket has a handy popper on and off hood and elasticated cuffs, hem and hood for extra warmth and dryness. We've added reflective details and zip pulls for high visibility. Machine washable.
- • Flexible, soft PU perfect for tumbling around in
- • Waterproof to 10000mm
- • Removable popper on and off hood
- • Taped seams
- • Reflective details and zip pulls for high visibility
- • Elastication to cuffs, hem and hood for maximum dryness
- • Unlined so can be worn comfortably over clothing
- • Machine washable
What delivery options do I have?
Royal Mail Second Class Delivery (standard delivery) - £3.95 per order (free on orders over £50) to all mainland UK addresses.
Royal Mail 1st Class Delivery - £4.95 per order.
Next Working Day delivery service for orders placed before 12 noon - £8.00 per order. A signature will be required for these parcels and will delivered between the hours of 9am - 5pm (approx).
Sadly, we do not offer Saturday delivery. An order placed after 12 noon on a Thursday or before 12 noon on a Friday will be delivered on the following Monday. Orders placed after 12 noon on a Friday will be delivered on the following Tuesday.
We offer Free returns from all mainland UK addresses. If you are not 100% happy with your purchase we promise to refund or exchange any item if returned unworn, with tags attached and in its original packaging within 30 days. For more information please read our returns policy.
Returns during Sale or Clearance Products
We are unable to offer free returns on Sale or Clearance products; therefore customers are responsible for the cost of returning products for refund or exchange unless the returning item is faulty or incorrect. We will be happy to refund an item, provided it is in a re-saleable condition and returned within 7 days of receipt. All purchases must be returned in original condition & packaging. Due to the increase in volume during sale please allow 7-10 days for your return to be processed once it is received into our warehouse.


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Vocla are having a clear-out sale. You will now find a special sale page on their website where you can get underwear for £10 (or €12 or $16.50). Grab some of your favourite Andrew Christian, 2(x)ist, PIPE and SAUL Homme underwear while stocks last.
The sale page is here: http://www.vocla.com/mens-underwear-for-10-t157


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Gun Rights and Liberty Go Hand in Hand
Until the Newtown school shooting tragedy, the Obama administration ignored the issue of gun control. Despite pressure to act, Congress should look before it legislates, since gun rights generally correspond to the liberties fundamental in a free society.
Four years ago Dave Kopel of the Independence Institute, William & Mary economist Carlisle Moody and author Howard Nemerov published an article assessing the relationship between guns and freedom, "Is There a Relationship Between Guns and Freedom? Comparative Results From Fifty-Nine Nations."
They found there was no simple conclusion.
The United Nations was on the case before President Obama. In 1999 U.N. Secretary General Kofi Annan contended widespread firearm ownership has "damaged development prospects and imperiled human society."
More recently the global organization has been pushing an international convention to regulate the international trade in small arms.
The three researchers found that data on gun ownership wasn't easy to collect. People often lie to government and even pollsters about the issue. There almost certainly are more guns in circulation in America than there are Americans. The bigger the undercount, the greater the practical obstacles facing any new gun restrictions.
In any case, Kopel, Moody and Nemerov do their best utilizing indexes on political liberty, corruption and economic freedom. They find that countries with significantly higher gun ownership have greater political and civil liberties. Noted the researchers, "the average of the countries in the first quartile is 'free,' while the average for all other quartiles is 'partly free.'"
Gun-owning societies also are notably less corrupt. The top quartile, reported the three authors, is "mostly clean." The next three quartiles suffer from "moderate corruption."
Nations where people own more firearms also tend to have greater economic liberty.
When it came to political liberty, the authors found that the countries in every quartile averaged a rating of "moderately free." There was a certain self-selection bias to the data.
Still, the authors reported: "The first quartile had the highest average, but not quite 70, which is the threshold for 'mostly free.' For all three indices of liberty, the top firearms quartile rates higher than every other quartile."
Similar results were found when the three researchers ran the numbers per quintile.
The authors found: "When we looked at the countries with the most guns, we saw that they had the most freedom as measured by the liberty indices, but the relationship was only pronounced for high-gun countries."
The article then flipped the analysis around to look at gun ownership in the nations which enjoyed the greatest liberty.
The authors found that "the freest countries ... had the highest density of civilian firearms, and averaged the best" corruption scores.
"Partly free" countries had much lower ratings in all indices than all "free" countries. "Not free" countries had the poorest scores."
There's quite a mix of countries, of course. Correlations are imperfect while causations are difficult to demonstrate. Nevertheless, the three researchers found that the relationship between more guns and both economic liberty and corruption to be statistically significant.
The authors consider several possibilities. Freedom obviously can yield greater gun ownership. More important, gun possession can promote liberty, better enabling people to resist both foreign and domestic oppression.
The authors point to how firearms can help minorities within nations: Decades ago "American civil rights workers were able to protect themselves from the Ku Klux Klan because so many civil rights workers had guns." Kopel, Moody and Nemerov also theorize that "the exercise of one right may, for some persons, foster more positive attitudes about rights in general."
Of course, in some nations, particularly failed states, guns may exacerbate violent chaos. But for most Americans gun possession is a symbol of individual and social responsibility.
Kopel, Moody and Nemerov are serious researchers who do not offer a slam-dunk for the right to own firearms. They admitted: "There are many casual mechanisms by which guns and freedom can advance or inhibit each other."
However, there is strong evidence that gun ownership is related to freedom. That suggests taking "more sophisticated, carefully tailored approaches to gun policy, that attempt to address the negative effects, and that are careful not to reduce the apparently significant positive effect." The latter point deserves repeating.
Tragedies like the Newtown murders reflect human evil, not gun ownership. There are legitimate issues — how to better keep guns from the dangerously mentally ill, for instance.
But that effort must not become an excuse to disarm the responsible and law-abiding. No less than our basic liberties are at stake.


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« New Jersey's High Numbers | Main | Weekend Reading: Emotional/Behavioral Disorder in the News »
Worth the Effort? A Look at the Value of State Determinations
For the past five years, the Education Department has been dutifully collecting reams of information on each state and territory's special education program, a requirement created under the 2004 reauthorization of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act. The department has then given a rating to states, based on the states' ability to meet their self-developed goals.
For the most recent state performance plan/annual performance report process, my colleagues and I decided to do something different than just writing a story about the ratings. In addition to an article on the process and how department officials are considering revamping it, we pulled together a great interactive map that allows you to see how your state has performed over the years.
But there's more to the map than just a quick glance at the ratings. With just a few clicks you can see the Department of Education's letters to the states, explaining the evaluation process and why each state got the rating that it did. We also compiled and included the tables that accompanied each letter for you data geeks. This is important: Even though two states may have a "needs assistance" rating, the reasons why they may have gotten that rating could be different.
And don't forget to read the article! In it, I describe the SPP/APR process in detail, while noting that the department appears to be open to making changes to the process—a move that would be welcomed by the National Association of State Directors of Special Education.
For the 50 states, there is also a link to district-level information, provided by IDEA Money Watch. Just as the federal government gives a rating to each state, the states must rate each of their constituent districts. These ratings are important; districts that "meet requirements" are rewarded by being able to shift local dollars that would go to special education for other education purposes, and use federal stimulus funds to fill the gap. Here's an article on that issue.
I'm really excited about this package, and I hope that the article and interactive map provide useful information on the interactions between the Education Department and the states.


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Sort of the ultimate good news/bad news story, eh?
Tell us about the threat that emerged earlier this year.
We've got this intelligence threat; we're pretty certain we know what's going on. We don't have all the tactical details about it, [but] in some ways it's not unlike the U.K. aviation threat last year. So we know there is a threat out there. The question is, what do we do about it? And the response was, we stood up an interagency task force under NCTC leadership. So you have all the players you would expect: FBI, CIA, DHS, DIA, DoD, the operators—the military side comes into that—participating in an integrated plan, but integrated in a much more granular and tactical way than we've ever done before. This is my 40th year in government service, 36 in uniform and almost four as a civilian. This is revolutionary stuff, and it is affecting the way we do business…
What we don't know is…if it's going to be [John Doe], and he's coming in on Flight 727 out of Karachi, he's stopping in Frankfurt, and he's coming on through with his European Union passport, and he's coming into New York, and he's going to do something. I mean, we don't have that kind of tactical detail. What we do have, though, is a couple of threads that indicate, you know, some very tactical stuff, and that's what—you know, that's what you're seeing bits and pieces of, and I really can't go much more into it.
It sounds like he thinks they want to hit America but will settle for Europe if they have to rather than wait. I don't know what to make of his comparison to the UK airline plot "in some ways," though. It could mean this is an airline plot too, it could mean it's a large cell of 20 or so people, or it could mean that some of the members are converts to Islam recruited because they're less easy to racially profile than Arabs. The fact that he's talking about people "coming in" suggests at least that it's not homegrown.
Would they really try another airline plot after 9/11? Just to show that we're still touchable there despite all the new security, yeah, probably.


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Rainy season has arrived here in Manuel Antonio, Costa Rica! But don't let that deter you from planning your trip during these months! Rainy season typically lasts from April – December. There are many great reasons to visit during the 'low season'; discount prices on accommodations in Manuel Antonio, less visitors (you could have a beach practically to yourself!), lush green jungles, an abundance of fresh fruit, the list can go on…
Rainy season in Manuel Antonio, Costa Rica does not mean that there will be rain all day, every day. IF it rains, it will typically rain during the afternoons and maybe during parts of the night. Sometimes there may be a peaceful morning drizzle which clears up as the sun pierces through the clouds. We love rainy season because there is still plenty of sunshine to get an early start on all of the activities you have planned. The rain can be quite cool and more refreshing during this time as well. Also, surfing, rafting, and other tours are well suited for this season.
If you're planning your vacation during the rainy season, here are some extra items we recommend you bring with you:
1. Umbrella
2. Water resistant shoes
3. Bug repellent
4. Waterproof case for electronics
5. Water resistant backpack
6. A dry sack (for extra piece of mind that your items will not get wet)
7. Rain jacket
8. Light pair of pants
9. Light long sleeve shirt
10. Quick dry clothing
If you have any more questions about visiting during the rainy season, feel free to contact us here at the Espadilla Ocean Club. We will be happy to provide recommendations to get the most out of your vacation in Manuel Antonio, Costa Rica!


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FRANKFURT (Reuters) - Germany industrial and engineering giant Siemens (SIEGn.DE) said a decision not to publish a manuscript about the company's recent history, including some findings about a corruption scandal, did not amount to a cover-up.
German weekly Der Spiegel said Siemens had failed to honour an agreement with two historians to publish a book manuscript which has been completed since 2014.
Siemens was involved in one of Germany's biggest corporate bribery scandals. The company was exposed as having run an elaborate bribery network, paying more than $1 billion in kickbacks to win contracts worldwide.
In a written statement, Siemens emphatically denied allegations raised in Der Spiegel about potentially withholding relevant information about the bribery scandal.
"The company comprehensively researched the corruption affair 10 years ago, giving authorities and internal investigators full access to relevant information," it said, adding that privacy and corporate confidentiality considerations prohibited a more full disclosure of transcripts from management and supervisory board minutes.
Reporting by Edward Taylor; Editing by Stephen Powell


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Hey everyone, here's a quick tutorial as I work on my next realistic tutorial. I hope you guys enjoy!
DragoArt members upload artwork and drawing tutorials! They are also allowed to leave comments on tutorials, profiles, etc. Many more features, as well; it's way better than just being a boring guest! Register Now!


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As official partner of the International Cricket Council (ICC), Hyundai Motor Company along with Hyundai New Zealand has delivered 23 vehicles as part of the prestigious ICC Cricket World Cup Qualifier 2014, which began on the 13th January in Christchurch.
The ICC will be using a number of different Hyundai models during the ICC Cricket World Cup Qualifier and World Cup in 2015, which will take place in New Zealand and Australia. The vehicles, including the Elantra, i40 sedan and Santa Fe will be fully branded and used by ICC staff, VIPs and match officials.
ICC Project Manager, Chris Lander, was present at the handover ceremony and commented, "We are delighted that Hyundai is supporting the ICC World Cup Qualifiers and World Cup tournament here in New Zealand. This exciting tournament provides us with a fantastic opportunity to showcase the Hyundai product range to a broad audience of cricket fans."
"The ICC values the partnership with Hyundai Motor Company and Hyundai New Zealand, which grows stronger with each event. The company's provision of transportation for officials, VIPs and the working staff speaks to its dedicated commitment to the partnership."
Hyundai Motor's sponsorship has allowed the company to form closer ties with cricketing nations across the world, starting in 2011, when the ICC Cricket World Cup was hosted by India, Sri Lanka and Bangladesh. The company is set to support the ICC World T20 2014 in Bangladesh as well as the ICC Cricket World Cup 2015 in Australia and New Zealand.


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One of the horror genre's "most widely read critics" (Rue Morgue # 68), "an accomplished film journalist" (Comic Buyer's Guide #1535), and the award-winning author of Horror Films of the 1980s (2007), The Rock and Roll Film Encyclopedia (2007) and Horror Films of the 1970s (2002), John Kenneth Muir, presents his blog on film, television and nostalgia, named one of the Top 100 Film Studies Blog on the Net.
Wednesday, February 29, 2012
Memory Bank: Star Trek Fotonovels (Mandala Productions; 1977 - 1978)
6 comments:
I only ever had three of 'em, but I LOVED 'em.ReplyDelete
Nice write up on the Star Trek fotonovel books, John. These came out at about the time one of our local UHF stations was running Star Trek every weekday afternoon at 5pm and I would watch every one of them after work. This was the first time I was able to watch every episode in one time period. It was wonderful. I bought all the books and reread them many times – even using them as reference for my fannish Star Trek drawings. Regrettably, I sold all the books years ago and lost most of my drawings as well. But, I still have my memories of both. Thanks for the nostalgia Trek!ReplyDelete
Hi That Neil Guy and Fritz "Doc" Freakenstein,ReplyDelete
I'm so glad that you both also remember these Mandala Trek Fotonovels fondly. I know I do.
I still love leafing through these books, and re-reading them. Mine are getting ratty after all these years, but I still love 'em...
Thanks for sharing the great Trek memories, and memories of a time gone by.
- Donald G1:47 PM
John, from your list, it looks like you missed the last two Mandala/Bantam photonovels published. Volume 11 was "The Deadly Years" and Volume Twelve was "Amok Time".ReplyDelete
My own copy of "City on the Edge" fell apart after some months, and "Tribbles" split down the middle. I managed to accidentally lose my copy of Volume 11 and replaced it, before finding my original copy some time later in the pastor's office of my grandmother's church. (I must've left it behind when helping at one autumn's church bazar.)
I was always disappointed that only twelve were produced.
I LOVED (and still love) Fotonovels. I had five or six of the Star Trek ones as a kid; I've since managed to put together a full collection of them, as well as Fotonovels for Buck Rogers in the 25th Century, Mork and Mindy, and Battlestar Galactica (the pilot episodes for each). I also remember there was one for the '78 version of Invasion of the Body Snatchers that I checked out from the library several times, but I haven't seen a copy of that one around in decades.ReplyDelete
I loved these and still have a few -- not sure how many -- in my "Star Trek" cache which has followed me around in my various moves! Thanks for this great write-up!ReplyDelete
40 Years Ago: Star Trek: The Motion Picture (1979)
" Why is any object we don't understand always called a thing?" - Dr. McCoy (DeForest Kelley) in Star Trek: The Mot...


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Printing Formats All Over
Printing is something that is of much needed in various industries. It is something which cannot be ignored by any simple means. You would be required to do much about it so that it is sorted out in that manner. This is what is going to be done when at the end of it all. There is nothing much which could be done single-handedly.
It would mean that printing Sydney would be an option for you to go in search of. There would be many requirements to fulfil amongst it where it could go on in that form. It is what would be much known of from all over the world.You would see this in a very different way to which you can observe many things. It would be a cause of concern when you think of it in that manner. This is what is needed when considering the facts altogether. Nothing could really change that aspect of it. Hence it would be sort of what is needed to be done.
Pull up display banners Sydney would be printed in the best format to fulfill all of the needs. This is to the first and foremost of all when there are a lot of conditions to be met when in terms of the reality being in place. Since this is one of a kind, it should be managed well when in terms of the same. You would know it for sure once you see it happening. It is all forms of this that really takes effect all the same.It might be needed to carry out certain methods which would be seemingly the possibility of all. The major thing would be to identify this when in terms of the expectations to the dot. It would be perfect to identify so that nothing comes out of it incomplete. It would be formed in a manner which represents the best of everything. This is where you need to be considerate and take time to do it. It would make things be settles towards all of the ends that meet the needs. You would find it to be so and the colors would be pertaining to it. This is enough to guide you in the correct path towards making everything come out in great success. You can celebrate this through the output you get to realize what is there in availability. This would mean that when needed to be formed in solutions by means of taking it up at that level to go on much further within it.


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Welcome to White Echo! We're a digital marketing agency based on the Gold Coast
offering a full suite of services to excel your business online.
White Echo puts your brand in front of your current customers and potential.
Allow us to manage your social media accounts to give your brand maximum exposure.
Our team will get your business found online.
Talk to us about a tailored SEO campaign designed to work in with your business' goals.
White Echo delivers exciting campaigns to attract new likes.
Targeting the right demographic will generate successful leads.
Our team of web designers and developers can build you the website of your dreams.
We start with a clean slate and build your website exactly how you want it.


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I was just told about a free Bible program that has 200 Christian books, various versions of the Bible, dozens of classic Christian books, Bible dictionaries, and other commentaries! I wanted to share this great opportunity with you. If you go to this page
It tells what books are included besides all the various Bibles that you can read or compare to each other verse by verse, and at the very top is the download buttons to download onto your PC or onto your Mac. ENJOY and share with anyone who might like studying the gospel!!!


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Windows 10/8/7 has a Memory Diagnostic Tool which you can use to check for possible memory problems, including testing of the Random Access Memory (RAM) on your computer.
Windows Memory Diagnostics Tool
If Windows 10/8/7/Vista detects a possible memory problem, you will receive a notification. Click the notification to open it.
If you wish to run this Windows Memory Diagnostics Tool on demand, open Control Panel and type 'memory' in the search bar. Click on 'Diagnose computer memory problems' to open it. Alternatively, you can also type 'mdsched' in start search and hit Enter to open it.
Choose between two options for when to run the Memory Diagnostics Tool.
If you choose to restart your computer and run the tool immediately, make sure that you save your work and close all of your running programs. The Memory Diagnostics Tool will run automatically when you restart Windows. It might take several minutes for the tool to finish checking your computer's memory.
Once the test is completed, Windows will restart automatically. If the tool detects errors, you should contact your computer manufacturer for information about fixing them, since memory errors usually indicate a problem with the memory chips in your computer or other hardware problem.
Advanced options for running the Memory Diagnostics Tool:
For most users, letting the Memory Diagnostics Tool run automatically is the recommended option. However, advanced users might want to adjust the tool's settings. When the Memory Diagnostics Tool starts, press F1.
You can adjust the following settings:
- Test mix. Choose what type of test you want to run: Basic, Standard, or Extended. The choices are described in the tool.
- Cache. Choose the cache setting you want for each test: Default, On, or Off.
- Psss count. Type the number of times you want to repeat the test.
Press F10 to start the test.
You may also want to try some Advanced Memory Diagnostic on Windows, with Memtest86+ and maybe check out some more PC Stress Test free software for Windows.
TIP: See this post if you receive Only part of a ReadProcessMemory or WriteProcessMemory request was completed message.


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Arts and craft festival 2018
This year I will be demonstrating my skill in traditional intaglio printmaking at the annual Arts and Craft Festival at Holy Trinity Church, Sloane Square.
Each year the festival seeks to celebrate beauty in craft as well as bring to life the socio-political context that underpinned the Arts & Crafts Movement in the late nineteenth century. The core aims of the Festival is to highlight exquisite craftsmanship in a wide range of creative disciplines, understand the symbiotic relationship with the Catholic revival in the Church of England and provide an urgent voice that speaks to the contemporary and relevant social context of the original Movement.
I will be there on Saturday the 22nd Septmebr, 10-5pm. Come along and see how I create my plates and print them! Alongside myself will be other skilled craftsmen / craftswomen demonstrating their passion for their disciplines.
Leave a Reply.


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The Work of Director Anton Corbijn DVD
Anton Corbijn is a god as far as I am concerned. He had directed some of the most beautiful videos (U2 – Electrical Storm) as well as some extremely weird ones (Mercury Rev – Opius 40) and some amusing ones (Echo and The Bunnymen – Seven Seas).
He deserve more recognition as a person…
The DVD had a very good documentary about him, and some of the videos he has directed. It also has commentary and interviews from the bands about their videos and about Anton.
It features a thick booklet all by Anton in his handwriting with his own ideas and drawings about the videos as well as some information about where he was born, where he grew up and what camera he uses.


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Watersports in California
The Beach Boys sang about it. Whales, dolphins and pelicans cavort in it. Theres more than 800 miles of it. It is, of course, the wild, breezy stretch of Pacific Ocean which breaks magnificently onto the Californian shore. It attracts surfers, sea kayakers, snorkelers and scuba divers from all over the world. Kitesurfing and stand-up paddle boarding may still be novelties elsewhere, but here theyre long-established. Who knows what the next big thing in watersports will be?
Inland, too, there are plenty of thrilling ways to get waterborne in California. The states beautiful lakes and bays are lovely locations for wakeboarding, canoeing, sailing and windsurfing, and California is also home to some of the worlds best rivers for whitewater rafting.
Inland, too, there are plenty of thrilling ways to get waterborne in California. The states beautiful lakes and bays are lovely locations for wakeboarding, canoeing, sailing and windsurfing, and California is also home to some of the worlds best rivers for whitewater rafting.
Surfing is, as every Beach Boys fan knows, the quintessential Californian sport. Its easily as popular here as it is in Hawaii or on Australias East Coast. There are great surf beaches right the way down the coast, but the best ones for beginners are in the south, where youll find legendary spots such as Huntington Beach, considered the birthplace of surfing in America. Other classic destinations where many of the locals live to surf (and some surf to live) include San Diego, Malibu, Santa Barbara and Santa Cruz.
The further north you go, the wilder the conditions. You can forget those sunny imaginings of riding in the waves in a bikini without a wetsuit, youll freeze. Head for Mavericks near Half Moon Bay, south of San Francisco, when the winter swells are at their peak, and you can watch the hardcore set big-wave-surfing on massive rhino chaser boards. Some build their momentum by hitching a tow from a fast-moving jetski. By mastering this technique, daredevil surfers can ride thundering fifty-footers.
Sea cave kayaking
Grant from the Santa Barbara Adventure Company talks about the unusual sea caves around Santa Cruz Island and seeing huge pods of dolphins. [01:53]
Grant from the Santa Barbara Adventure Company talks about the unusual sea caves around Santa Cruz Island and seeing huge pods of dolphins. [01:53]
Canoeing on the Russian River
Californias many lakes, rivers and creeks offer endless opportunities for canoeing in scenic surroundings, from an hour or two to a camping trip lasting several days. One of Northern Californias favourite places for this is the little town of Guerneville on the wooded banks of the beautiful, calm Russian River in Sonoma County, where a vacation mood prevails all summer. As a bonus, this is excellent wine country with plenty of good places to stay and eat.
Sea kayaking on the Central Coast
There are several great spots to improve your upper body muscle tone and inhale the fresh Pacific breezes between San Francisco and Los Angeles. Monterey, home to adorable sea otters, and Morro Bay are both worth considering, but one of the best places to aim for is the Channel Islands National Park near Santa Barbara. This wonderfully peaceful collection of small islands is home to the largest concentration of sea caves in the world and is so rich in marine wildlife, its been dubbed the Californian Galapagos. Paddling into the caves is a fascinating experience. Youll also have a good chance of seeing dolphins and whales out in the blue.
Stand-up paddle boarding on Lake Tahoe
Balancing upright on a board and propelling yourself with a paddle has become one of the most popular ways to mess around in the crystal-clear waters of Lake Tahoe on a summers day. Lakeshore operators will rent you some gear and show you how its done. Mid-August brings the Ta-Hoe Nalu Stand-up Paddle Board Festival, featuring two days of races, parties and fun.
Windsurfing and boating on Donner Lake
Tiny in size compared to its near-neighbour Tahoe, Donner Lake is a warmer and altogether cosier place to get in the water. Surrounded by trees and backed by mountains, its splendidly picturesque. You could easily while away youre a few days here by windsurfing, kayaking or stand-up paddle boarding, or just diving off the public dock for a swim.
Diving and snorkeling in San Diego
La Jolla, San Diegos attractive coastal suburb, sits on the brink of the San Diego La Jolla Underwater Park Ecological Reserve. Pull on a mask and fins and you can explore its kelp forests and canyons. If youre a qualified scuba diver, you can investigate the reef life down below. waves have created caves in the underwater sandstone, and piles of quarry rock planted here in the 1960s and 1970s now support a dazzling array of marine life including leopard sharks, shovelnose guitarfish and garibaldis, the official state fish of California, a damselfish the colour of a California poppy.
Whitewater rafting on the Kern River
The Kern, in the San Joaquin Valley, is one of the steepest raftable rivers in the United States. Rising high in the Sierra Nevada, it drops over 12,000ft (3650m) in 150 miles, producing exhilarating whitewater that draws adrenaline junkies by the carload. Base yourself in the small town of Kernville in summer to take full advantage. Kayaking is big news here, too.
River rafting in the Gold Country
Nate, owner of Adventure Connection, talks about combining river rafting with exploring the area's history, wildlife and vineyards. [02:29]
Nate, owner of Adventure Connection, talks about combining river rafting with exploring the area's history, wildlife and vineyards. [02:29]
Find more information on activities in California here: hiking and walking, climbing, cycling and winter sports
Responsible Travel would like to thank the California Tourist Board for their sponsorship of this guide
California, Nevada and Arizona vacation
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Gila Regional Medical Center's medical staff includes dedicated physicians and health care providers to help you and your family with a variety of treatment specialties and options. They have close ties to our local community and constant communication with the medical community around the world.
Gila Regional Medical Center (GRMC) is committed to exceptional quality, patient-centered care. In doing so, GRMC administration has decided to explore and develop new options to further improve our emergency room services; especially in regards to Emergency Room (ER) medical providers and care delivery processes designed to improve clinical quality and customer satisfaction.
The current medical provider contract with EmCare will end December 31, 2014. Gila Regional has put out a Request for Proposal (RFP) from ER groups, local and across the country, to explore these ER options. A review committee consisting of GRMC leadership and the physician community will begin the process of choosing the next ER group.
During the transition to another provider model/option, GRMC will continue to focus on high quality care for the community.


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Fioricet is a brand name consisting of a combination of butalbital (a barbiturate), acetaminophen and caffeine which is indicated for the treatment of tension headaches, muscle contraction headaches and post-dural puncture headaches.
Although not indicated, they are commonly used to treat migraines and other pain related ailments.
Butalbital is a barbiturate class drug that acts as a muscle relaxant and is often prescribed for the treatment of headaches and other moderate level pain that may not respond to over-the-counter preparations.
Fioricet (Butalbital, Acetaminophen, and Caffeine Tablets, USP) is supplied in tablet form for oral administration.
Each tablet contains the following active ingredients:
butalbital USP . . . . . . . . . .50 mg
acetaminophen USP . . . . 325 mg
caffeine USP . . . . . . . . . . .40 mg
Butalbital (5-allyl-5-isobutylbarbituric acid), is a short to intermediate-acting barbiturate. It has the following structural formula:
Acetaminophen (4´-hydroxyacetanilide), is a non-opiate, non-salicylate analgesic and antipyretic. It has the following structural formula:
Caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine), is a central nervous system stimulant. It has the following structural formula:
Inactive Ingredients: crospovidone, FD&C Blue #1 (aluminum lake), magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, povidone, pregelatinized starch, and stearic acid.
Fioricet (butalbital/acetaminophen/caffeine) has been around forever and is used by many for the treatment of chronic migraine or tension headaches. It is a mixture of a barbiturate, Tylenol (acetaminophen) and caffeine.
Fioricet® (Watson Laboratories, Inc) is a combination tablet consisting of 40 mg of caffeine (1,3,7–trimethylxanthine), 325 mg of acetaminophen, and 50 mg of butalbital (5-allyl-5-isopropylbarbituric acid). Fioricet® is primarily intended as treatment for tension headaches
Caffeine is a methylxanthine similar to theophylline and theobromine. While caffeine is used for stimulant and mood-elevating effects in drinks such as coffee, it also has been used to treat neonatal apnea and headaches in combination with other analgesics. Theophylline has classically been used to treat bronchospastic airway diseases such as asthma and COPD, although it has generally fallen out of favor to pure ?-adrenergic agonists due to their better safety profiles. As a group, methylxanthines cause the release of catecholamines, which subsequently stimulate ?1 and ?2 receptors, accounting for their stimulant effects. Methylxanthines' role in treating bronchospastic disease is due to both bronchodilatory and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. Toxic concentrations of caffeine (such as those achieved with oral doses >1 g) inhibit phosphodiesterase and thus increase levels of cAMP, promoting central nervous system (CNS) excitation, peripheral vasodilation, myocardial stimulation, and smooth muscle relaxation. In addition, methylxanthines antagonize the benzodiazepine receptor, which likely contributes to the refractoriness of seizures from toxicity from these agents.
Acetaminophen, the second ingredient in Fioricet®, inhibits the synthesis of prostaglandins and hypothalamic heat regulation in the CNS and blocks peripheral pain impulses. Finally, butalbital is a short-to-intermediate acting barbiturate. The effects of butalbital in isolation are not well understood, as it is only available in combination products. Barbiturates have muscle-relaxing and anti-anxiety properties. A reason for butalbital's use in conjunction with caffeine may be to antagonize the unwanted central stimulating effect of caffeine.
Fiorinal is a Schedule III controlled drug but Fioricet is not! Fioricet contains: 325 mg of acetaminophen (APAP), 50 mg of butalbital, and 40 mg of caffeine. … The potential for abuse is decreased if a sufficient amount of a non-controlled substance(e.g., aspirin or acetaminophen) is added.
Fioricet is a prescription medication used to relieve tension headaches. It works by relaxing muscle contractions that can result in mild to moderate head pain. Fioricetis a combination of three ingredients: the pain reliever acetaminophen; butalbital, a barbiturate; and caffeine, a stimulant.
Codeine is an opioid pain medication. An opioid is sometimes called a narcotic. Acetaminophen is a less potent pain reliever that increases the effects of codeine. Butalbital is in a group of drugs called barbiturates.
Fioricet contains a combination of acetaminophen, butalbital, and caffeine Acetaminophen is a pain reliever and fever reducer. Butalbital is in a group of drugs called barbiturates. It relaxes muscle contractions involved in a tension headache. Caffeine is a central nervous system stimulant.
Fioricet is indicated for the treatment of muscle tension or muscle contraction headaches. It is also commonly prescribed for migraines although it is not FDA indicated for this use in the United States. The usual adult dose is 1-2 tablets every four hours as needed, not exceeding six tablets in a 24-hour period.
Fioricet (Butalbital, Acetaminophen, and Caffeine Tablets, USP) is indicated for the relief of the symptom complex of tension (or muscle contraction) headache.
Evidence supporting the efficacy and safety of Fioricet in the treatment of multiple recurrent headaches is unavailable. Caution in this regard is required because butalbital is habit-forming and potentially abusable.
Now, many formularies are no longer covering Fioricet capsules. For those of you who have relied on it for years, this (understandably) may make you nervous.
Well, it turns out it doesn't really work that well—and there are much better options out there.
- Fioricet and Fioricet with Codeine are not as effective for acute migraine as newer medications. There isn't any evidence that shows that barbiturate-containing meds (the butalbital in Fioricet) help for migraine treatment. In fact, the use of Fioricet with Codeine often results in chronic migraine and a "medication overuse headache."
- NSAIDS. Start with these instead. There is good evidence that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs—ibuprofen, naproxen, and others—work well for the treatment of acute migraine.
- Triptans. Imitrex (sumatriptan), Maxalt (rizatriptan), Relpax(eletriptan), and Frova (frovatriptan) are examples. Used alone or in combination with an NSAID, triptans work well for moderate to severe headaches that aren't relieved by NSAIDs alone. Wondering which to choose? They generally work the same but you may notice fewer side effects with one over the other. Cost can also be an issue so you'll want to pick a triptan that is covered by your insurance plan. It's also a good idea to check GoodRx to see if the cash or discount price beats your co-pay.
- Adding a nausea medication. For folks with moderate to severe migraine accompanied by nausea or vomiting, adding Reglan(metoclopramide) , Zofran (ondansetron) or Compazine(prochlorperazine) also helps.
Fioricet Side Effects
Frequently Observed Fioricet Side Effects
The most frequently reported adverse reactions are drowsiness, lightheadedness, dizziness, sedation, shortness of breath, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and intoxicated feeling.
Commonly reported side effects for Fioricet include:
- Euphoria
- Dizziness
- Drowsiness
- Intoxicated feeling
- Light-headedness
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Sedation
- Substance dependence
- Shortness of breath
- Abdominal pain
Infrequently Observed Fioricet Side Effects
All adverse events tabulated below are classified as infrequent.
Central Nervous System: headache, shaky feeling, tingling, agitation, fainting, fatigue, heavy eyelids, high energy, hot spells, numbness, sluggishness, seizure. Mental confusion, excitement, or depression can also occur due to intolerance, particularly in elderly or debilitated patients, or due to overdosage of butalbital.
Autonomic Nervous System: dry mouth, hyperhidrosis.
Gastrointestinal: difficulty swallowing, heartburn, flatulence, constipation.
Cardiovascular: tachycardia.
Musculoskeletal: leg pain, muscle fatigue.
Genitourinary: diuresis.
Miscellaneous: pruritus, fever, earache, nasal congestion, tinnitus, euphoria, allergic reactions.
Several cases of dermatological reactions, including toxic epidermal necrolysis and erythema multiforme, have been reported.
The following adverse drug events may be borne in mind as potential effects of the components of this product. Potential effects of high dosage are listed in the OVERDOSAGE section.
Acetaminophen: allergic reactions, rash, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis.
Caffeine: cardiac stimulation, irritability, tremor, dependence, nephrotoxicity, hyperglycemia.
How to take Fioricet ?
One or 2 tablets every 4 hours as needed. Total daily dosage should not exceed 6 tablets.
Extended and repeated use of Fioricet is not recommended because of the potential for physical dependence.You can also try to become a usana distributor or associate and eat health organic food to get rid of your headache or nerve pain.
How does Fioricet work?
The acetaminophen in Fioricet is a pain reliever, the caffeine works as a stimulant to increase the acetaminophen's effectiveness, and the butalbital is a sedative that decreases anxiety while causing relaxation and sleepiness. These actions are believed to ease migraine symptoms, but there is limited evidence that barbituates ease migraine symptoms.
Butalbital has generalized depressant effect on central nervous system and, in very high doses, has peripheral effects.
Acetaminophen has analgesic and antipyreticeffects mediated by a metabolite which acts at cannabinoid receptors, contrary to popular belief it is not an antiinflammatory at safe levels (it becomes toxic at doses above 1,000mg per dose and/or 3,000mg per day).
Caffeine is thought to produce constriction of cerebral blood vessels and serves to counteract the sedative effect of butalbital.
Butalbital has a half-life of about 35 hours. Acetaminophen has a half-life of about 1.25 to 3 hours, but may be increased by liver damage and after an overdose. Caffeine has a half-life of about 2.5 to 4.5 hours.
- Cure Headache? Take Fioricet
- 5 Easy Remedies For Headache Relief
- How you can help yourself from Headache
- If You Feel Like Your Head Is In A Vise You Might Have A Tension Headache
- A Tension Headache Doesn't Have To Stop You In Your Tracks
- Headache Treatment and Effective Home Remedies for Headache
- Ocular Migraine and Pregnancy
- Facts About Migraine Ocular
- Headache Treatment and Effective Home Remedies for Migraine Headache
- Headaches – Migraine Remedies


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EastEnders doctor says he plays Bond in the new game
EastEnders' Adam Croasdell has revealed to BBC Asia that he is playing James Bond in Bizarre Creations' new game in the franchise. "Oddly enough I have just played James Bond in the new James Bond video game – how weird is that? I don't know what the future holds, but I'm always into varying up […]
EastEnders headlines
EastEnders latest


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For a better Ubuntu experience some repositories must be enabled and additional software must be installed.
1.Enable Partner Repositories :
The partner repositories are another source of software , but for those with restrictive licenses that mean the general public cannot simply share them. These are official repo's that already are added but disabled in Ubuntu. This command enables them. Software&Updates can be accessed through system-settings or by doing a Dash search.
3.Installing firewall GUI for easier firewall control:
sudo apt-get install gufw
sudo gufw
Type in your password and enable the firewall as shown below :
sudo apt-get install synaptic sudo apt-get install gdebi
5.Enable DVD playback on Ubuntu :
Since Medibuntu is no longer available, you have to install libdvdcss2 repository manually. Download it from the link below:
Once installed, you'll be able to playback and navigate DVD menus in most video applications, including the default Totem and VLC.
6.Install VLC for video and audio playback:
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:videolan/stable-daily - VLC (2.1.6) can be installed from the repositories as well, using the ppa is optional.
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install vlc
To install the latest version of VLC (2.2.0) use the following ppa :
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:mc3man/trusty-media
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install vlc vlc-plugin-*
7.Install ubuntu-restricted-extras :
sudo apt-get install ubuntu-restricted-extras
Optional :
Flash player has become obsolete and will be installed along with ubuntu-restricted-extras . Use the following command to remove it :
sudo apt-get remove flashplugin-installer


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This Japanese style set features a King of 3 1/4" with base diameter of 1 1/16" with felt pads and is avialable in Rosewood and Chidar woods.
This inexpensive set has been hand-carved and painted very intricately. It features a 3" King with a base diameter of 1 1/8" with green felt slides.


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Epson L565 Drivers Ubuntu Scanner
Printer Reviews– The L565 is perfect for little office clients searching for quick, great quality and ultra-minimal effort printing, examining, replicating and faxing with Wi-Fi and Ethernet. Including high-limit ink tanks clients can print more pages at a lower cost. Setting up the gadget is sans bother, enhancing efficiency. Smaller scale Piezo innovation and ISO print rates of up to 9.2ppm1 deliver high caliber, reliable results quick.
Set aside to 90%2 on the expense of ordinary, bother free printing
The L565 offers a ultra minimal effort for each page for both dark and shading printing. It accompanies four shading Epson ink bottles (cyan, yellow, maroon, dark), with two additional dark ink bottles included, empowering clients to print up to 12,000 pages in dark and 6,500 pages in colour3 from the underlying arrangement of inks.
Enhance your profitability
Set-up is simple and bother free so you can begin working straight away. Wi-Fi availability with Epson Connect4 makes printing from cell phones and tablets simple. Records and photographs can likewise be printed straightforwardly from cell phones because of similarity with Apple AirPrint5 and Google Cloud Print. The 30-page ADF guarantees quick and simple replicating, filtering and faxing. A 1,200dpi scanner implies you can deliver brilliant outputs of your photographs and archives, and multi-duplicate means one page can be immediately replicated up to 99 times in a solitary go to spare you time.
Trust Epson quality
The reason fabricated ink tank is completely incorporated into the printer, so you can appreciate dependable shading printing without the wreckage or bother frequently connected with non-veritable refills and outsider ink tank frameworks. Epson-authentic ink bottles make it simple to refill the ink tank with their unmistakable marking and trickle free spout. The L565 likewise accompanies a one year or 30,000 page makers guarantee for extra bit of psyche.
Epson L565 Drivers Ubuntu Scanner
Support for Operating Systems:
- Windows 10
- Windows 8
- Windows 8.1
- Windows 7
- Windows XP
- Mac Os X
- Linux
Epson L565 Drivers Scanner Windows
Epson L565 Drivers Scanner for Mac Os X
Epson L565 Drivers Ubuntu Scanner for Linux


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Making kitchens of distinction for over 20 years, Davonport has become a familiar name throughout the Colchester area since establishing itself there twelve years ago. Using only the finest materials and craftsmanship, Davonport design and manufacture unique and creative handmade kitchen solutions to fit perfectly around you and your lifestyle. Working with you we design, build and install stunning handmade kitchens that offer practicality and functionality, while also reflecting your individual style and personality. AGA has long been one of our preferred brands, complimenting the Davonport range and serving as a trusted favourite with clients.
Peartree Road, Colchester CO3 0LQ
- Tel:
- 0845 468 0025
- Email:
- firstname.lastname@example.com
- Opening Times
Monday-Friday: 9.00am-5.00pm
Saturday: 10.00am-5.00pm
- Website
- http://www.davonport.com


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Solar Impulse is a one-of-a-kind aircraft whose technology highlights the exclusive use of sun power for a transcontinental flight (Fig. 1).
"Our airplane is not designed to carry passengers, but to carry a message," said pilot Bertrand Piccard. Pilot Andre Borschberg noted that "from the very start of the project we understood that our primary goal was to save energy."
The Solar Impulse latest flight started on May 3, 2013 in San Francisco, and made stops in Phoenix, Dallas, St. Louis, Cincinnati, Washington DC before landing in New York City. The 3,511 journey took 105 hours and 41 minutes in the air. Average speed was 33.14 mph. Piccard and Borschberg alternated piloting the airplane.
Related Articles
- 21st Century Technology Propels Electric Aircraft into the "Blue Yonder"
- Solar-Powered Ship Travels the World
Version HB-SIA of the Solar Impulse was actually a prototype of what is envisioned as the forerunner of an airplane that will circumnavigate the world, the HB-SIB, whose construction began in 2011. The HB-SIB will have a larger cockpit that will allow the pilot to fully recline during flights lasting four to five days. It will have an increased payload, its electrical circuits will be isolated to enable flights in rain, and system redundancy will improve reliability. Its advanced avionics will allow trans-oceanic travel. Wingspan of the HB-SIB is 262.5 ft. compared to 208 ft. for the HB-SIA.
Solar Impulse HB-SIB requires development of new materials and new construction methods. For example, Solvay has invented electrolytes that increase the batteries energy density. Bayer Material Sciences is allowing the project to make use of its nanotechnologies. Decision is using carbon fibers that weigh less than any previously seen. The carbon fiber sheets are only 25 g/m2, which is three times lighter than paper. By using carbon fiber construction the aircraft will weigh about the same as an average automobile.
The aircraft will undergo the same structural strength and vibration testing as the HB-SIA. Flight testing is scheduled for the Spring 2014, and the round-the-world flight is planned for 2015.
Solar Panels
Currently, there are about 12,000 solar cells on the HB-SIA's wings and horizontal stabilizer. The HB-SIB will have 15,000 of them. This is more impressive than it appears because the panel building process is all hand made. Plus, the cells are 150 microns thick and rated at 45 kW, peak power. Cells were selected for their lightness, flexibility and efficiency, which is 22%. SunPower Corp. provides the cells, which are then meticulously put together, one by one. The process begins when a new batch of solar cells arrives, then are tested three times to verify their output voltage.
After 70 healthy cells are promoted they are strung together in series, providing 300 V. Following this is a layering process that places a plastic resin under a glass foil, and so forth, eventually laminating the strings. The "sandwich" is then cooked at 95 °C for seven hours before being placed on a mold that bends the cells into the desired shape, slightly rounded for the wings. Care is taken to ensure that nothing falls on the panels during the curing process. Any microscopic piece of hair, dust or insect could potentially cause a failure, rendering the panel unusable. It takes 10 to 15 hours to make a panel and 48 are needed for the HB-SIB.
A thin fluorine copolymer film protects the solar cells. These cells are brittle and have no mechanical resistance, but when covered with this film, they can be molded into the wing curvature without breaking. The resin is UV resistant, waterproof and only 17 microns thin.
Solar panels charge the batteries many times during a typical long flight. Because they are part of the airframe their weight is critical. Plus, their efficiency and lifespan impact the success of the mission. A set of unique batteries will be employed in the HB-SIB. Made by the Korean producer, Kokam, they required extensive research to push their performance limits. The key lies in the complex chemical formula that has improved that battery's oxidation issue, because they age faster and lose efficiency when oxidized. This technology is two years ahead of the industry, but it is the most that can be disclosed at this time. Ameliorating this usual ageing process allows Solar Impulse to have batteries able to guarantee 2,000 flight hours for the HB-SIB, compared with only 500 for the HB-SIA. Energy density of the HB-SIA batteries is 260 kW/kg (348 HP). Fig. 2 shows the battery compartment on the HB-SIA.
Each of the battery cells is a little different from the other. These cells do not like stress, extremely hot or cold temperatures impact their performance. Some days a cell is more efficient than others because of certain parameters that were applied the day before. Lithium-polymer can be charged up to 4.35 V, but that doesn't necessarily means that on Friday it will exploit its full potential as it did on Thursday. Battery output voltage depends on the temperature conditions as well as the type of charge and discharge.
To ensure that lithium-polymer cells are fit for the aircraft, they must undergo numerous tests. These tests check the cell's behavior in extreme temperatures, how much energy they can store, and for how long. Tests are also done for a better understanding of their reaction to different situations. The challenge is to find the optimum balance between usable lifespan and energy, which depends on temperature, cell voltage and current. For example, it was found that keeping a constant temperature or 25 °C inside the motor gondolas provides the ideal environment for optimized battery efficiency.
Moving Along
Solar Impulse uses Etel torque motors.Torque motor quality operating in extreme environmental conditions is an important characteristic. Performance must be maintained optimal and constant during non-stop flights for many hours. In addition, motor efficiency must be high to maximize use of precious solar/battery energy. These motors can reach efficiencies of 96%, and they weigh less than other types of motors.
The power plant for the HB-SIA consists of four torque motors, each of which is powered by 21 kWh (300 V) lithium-polymer batteries, providing 7.5 kW (10 HP) for twin-bladed propellers. Batteries and associated with each of the four motors are housed in gondolas under the wing. The gondola also includes a power management subsystem that controls charge/discharge and temperature (Fig. 3).
Thermal insulation conserves the heat radiated by the batteries to keep them functioning at very low temperatures encountered at high altitudes. Each motor is fitted with a reducer that limits propeller rotation to a 3.5 meter diameter within the range of 200-4,000 rpm.
Over an ideal 24-hour cycle, HB-SIA motors deliver a combined average of about 8 HP (6 kW). That's roughly the power used by the Wright Brothers aircraft in 1903. The HB-SIB will employ more powerful motors and batteries.
Flight Instruments
The cockpit's electronic instruments (Fig. 4)have three main functions:
· Monitor the power supplied by solar panels to the motors and batteries.
· Communicate to the pilot the necessary information for controlling the airplane.
· Provide real time information to the Mission team that is monitoring the aircraft's flight path and behavior from the ground.
A revolutionary new instrument was developed for the HB-SIA with collaboration from Omega and Claude Nicollier, who heads the Solar Impulse test flight team. It primary function is to inform the pilot within an accuracy of one degree, the bank angle of the aircraft (the turn or change of direction when it banks or inclines) must be below five degrees. For this reason the Omega instrument is connected to gyroscopes that are used to provide stability or maintain a fixed orientation.
Another key function of the Omega instrument is to inform the pilot of his real flight direction. This is important because the HB-SIA's huge wingspan, combined with lightness, makes it very sensitive to air movements, especially crosswinds, which can cause it to drift. LEDs on the front panel indicate the flight direction to one degree. This also helps align the aircraft in the axis of the runway for landing.
On-board electronics have been optimized to combine lightness and maximum efficiency. In flight, the electronic systems undergo significant temperature variations between low and high altitudes; this must not affect their performance. Therefore, prototype circuits and devices have been destruction-tested with the test results used directly in the manufacturing process of the final systems.
Based on what I have seen in the design of this aircraft, the team responsible for its success should be commended. They are innovative and paid great attention to even the smallest details. In addition, the test procedures employed in the design and manufacture of the aircraft were important in the ultimate success of the project. It is likely that much of this technology can be transferred to other "earthly" electronic systems.