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As many sadly know, the brilliant architect Michael Graves passed away suddenly last week. We're paying homage to his legacy with some of his most iconic kitchen product designs -- and a few you might not have realized were his.
A member of starchitect group the New York Five in the 1970s, Michael Graves was an ardent believer in accessible, humanistic design. He was also famously controversial, as a pioneer of postmodernsim and the designer of groundbreaking structures like The Portland Building and the Denver Central Library. Graves was prolific, too: Over the course of a 50-year career, he designed over 350 buildings.
Michael Graves in 1999 with his Target Designs; image via NYTimes
Perhaps more staggering was Graves' dedication to creating playful, often mass-produced home décor: His portfolio included over 2,000 home good designs in addition to his many buildings. From toasters to tea kettles and garlic presses, they all bear the imprint of his whimsical style. Some -- like the singing-bird tea kettle -- are iconic, and all of them were made to delight. These are some of our favorites, both museum-worthy and everyday.
9093 Kettle and Pepper Mill, Michael Graves x Alessi
Tea kettle image and pepper grinder image via Alessi
First introduced in 1985, Michael Graves' iconic whistling-bird teapot for the Italian brand Alessi merged great design with production on a mass scale, and it's still one of their best-sellers. Graves went on to design over 150 products for Alessi over decades of collaboration. This pepper mill, with oversized blue or white fins, is an example of how his cheery design often served better functionality.
Big Dripper Coffee Set and Salad Servers, Michael Graves x Swid Powell
Coffee set image via 1stdibs.com; Salad server image via Indianapolis Museum of Art
In 1987, Graves created a ceramic coffee set dubbed the "Big Dripper" for tableware company Swid Powell, which included a coffee/tea pot, creamer pot, sugar bowl, spoon, and filter in a stackable design made for everyday use. (We're still into the simple, graphic stripes and the gold rim that accented his design.) And his salad servers from their 1989 collaboration are hefty and silver-plated -- almost comical in their grand geometric scale (they're nearly a foot long) and cheeky allusion to Victorian floral textiles.
Toaster and Coffee Maker, Michael Graves x JCPenney
Toaster image via Michael Graves Architecture & Design; coffee maker image via JCPenney
Michael Graves' kitchen designs for JCPenney incorporate whimsy into mid-century motifs to create products that make normal kitchen tasks, like making coffee or toast, a little more fun. This bread-shaped toaster launched in 2013 and, along with the rounded coffee maker that you can still buy at their stores, are prized for their polish and wit.
Ice Cream Scoop and Electric Kettle, Michael Graves x Target
Ice cream scoop image and tea kettle image via Indianapolis Museum of Art
Michael Graves was especially famous for his work with Target in the late 1990s, which transformed the brand into a design destination (remember Tar-zhey?). Products in their first collaboration (c. 1999), including this comfort-grip ice cream scooper, rarely exceeed $100. The Michael Graves Design Collection at Target enjoyed a 15-year run with Graves desigining over 1000 products, from this 2002 electric kettle to steak knives. But the best-seller from their years of teamwork? His toilet brushes.
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Welcome to another book synopsis!
The intention behind the book synopsis is to help you to deliver the amazing thing that chiropractic is. Tony Robbins breaks people into 3 categories:
- The Talent
- The Business Person
- The Entrepreneur
Most of us in chiropractic are the talent. Some of us are a rare combination of any of these but most of us fall into the first category. We came into this profession to help people, to make a difference in humanity and we are mostly CLUELESS about how to run a business.
The way we do business is changing rapidly, and I want chiropractors to have every advantage to succeed. I have spent years researching tools and cultivating these skills, and will share what I have with you.
My intention with book reviewing is to save busy doctors time in reading, or to direct doctors who are prolific readers toward, or away from, certain books. I also hope to trickle bits and pieces of information to you in a quick, easy and fun format. Please reply with your thoughts and feedback around this book or its synopsis. Book-in-a-Minute arrives one time per month to your email address.
This month's book review is The Leader's Way by His Holiness The Dalai Lama. I chose this book in recognition that we are leaders. We are leaders of our practice and our team, and healthcare leaders in our community to whatever degree we allow. Being a leader does not come naturally to everyone, and can be fraught with downfalls for many. The better you cultivate your leadership skills, the more successful you will be in a long-term and sustainable way. As always, let me know what you think!
The Leaders Way
by His Holiness The Dalai Lama and Laurens van den Muyzenberg
The co-writer of this book begins the deep and thorough discussions by sharing the Dalai Lama's desire to learn more about business from a holistic perspective. The Dalai Lama, a decade ago, was aware of the interconnectedness of all things, and wanted to learn about the business world from this perspective. For more than a decade, he met with international management consultant Laurens van den Muyzenberg, and two worlds came together.
The Dalai Lama offers practical tools and advice on how to lead in our 21st Century world. Drawing on the wise teachings of Buddhism, he says, we can become better, more informed leaders as individuals, achieve more progressive leadership in our organizations, and help address some of the world's most pressing problems. Moreover, we can improve the quality of life for all by promoting responsible, ethical, and profitable business practices. That is the leader's way.
The book sites examples of many different leaders, and stresses that leaders need two important qualities:
- to be driven by the principle of Right Action, and
- to have trained their minds so that they can handle stress and challenge better.
The writers go deeply into a discussion of Right Action, and suggest the following guidelines:
One important discussion revolved around making good decisions. There are three concepts that are central to making good decisions
- Understand cause and effect. See things as they really are. See your point of view and others.
- Interdependence: Think about how your decision will ripple out around you. How will it affect you? Your family? Your employees? Your practice members? Your Community
- Embrace Impermanence. The goal is a moving target. Know that everything is subject to change.
Once a leader establishes the right value, it becomes important to take the right action. The Dalai Lama stresses that you should carry out decisions without hesitation or fear, and then keep monitoring the effect of your decisions, adjusting your actions as necessary.
In order for a leader to influence others in a profound way, the Dalai Lama assess that the person must attain these traits:
- Generosity: A great leader gives credit to employees and staff for a job well done.
- Ethical discipline: "Until we have learned to discipline our minds to rid ourselves of negative thoughts, we will have difficulty seeing reality clearly, and in turn will not make the right decisions."
- Patience: I do not have the time to explain this. (Ha!) Speaks for itself.
- Enthusiastic effort: It takes energy to lift people up!
- Concentration: The ability to focus all your mental energy on ONE thing.
- Wisdom: The ability to have the Right View to safeguard the long term future.
The Leader's Character
The best kind of leader is one with character. Character needs to be cultivated consciously. There is a difference between technical skill and character, as Chester Bernard wrote: "A leader should have superior technical skills in understanding technology, in perception, in knowledge, in memory, in imagination. He should also have above average levels of determination, endurance, and courage."
The Dalai Lama explains that one can build character by applying the principles of Right View and Right Conduct. Buddhism offers a list of "seven character traits of an ideal person" that all of us should strive for if we want to lead with character.
Seven Characteristics of the Ideal Person
1) Understanding Principles and Causes
Leaders with character are aware of the duties and responsibilities of their role and of the challenges they face. Leaders should be able to identify the causes of problems and the principles that should be applied to solve them.
2) Understanding Objectives and Results
Leaders know the meaning and objectives of the principles they abide by; they understand the tasks they are undertaking; they understand the reasons behind their actions. They know what may be expected in the future as a result of their actions and whether these will lead to a good or bad result. This kind of foresight is important for a leader when they are considering the long term effects of their decisions on others.
3) Understanding Themselves
Leaders know their strengths, aptitudes, abilities, and virtues, and are able to correct and improve themselves. They are also aware of their weaknesses and the weaknesses of the company, and how the company in turn affects its many stakeholder groups. They must be very eager to learn.
4) Understanding Moderation
Leaders practice moderation in speech, work, and action. They do not take unnecessary actions merely to satisfy their own egos or accomplish their own ends, but only those that will benefit the organization for which they are responsible.
5) Understanding the Occasion and Efficient Use of Time
Leaders know the proper occasion for actions – what should be done and how – and they perform these actions efficiently. This includes knowing how to plan their time and organize it effectively. Additionally, leaders must have "discernment," the ability to identify the issues that matter most and concentrate on them. It is very important to avoid wasting time on trivial matters.
6) Understanding the Organization
Leaders know that organizations have rules and regulations; they have a culture and traditions; people within them have individual needs that should be dealt with, helped along, and served in the proper way. Good leaders understand not only their own character, but the character of the company, and their responsibility for developing and nurturing that character, and they should be aware if some aspect of the character needs to be changed.
7) Understanding People
Leaders know and comprehend differences among individuals. They know how to relate to people effectively, what can be learned from them, and how they should be praised, criticized, advised, and taught.
How to Train Your Mind
The chapter on Mind training considers whether or not to hire a teacher, the benefits of meditation on brain function and types of meditation. The reader is encouraged to let the goal to be always gaining progress towards control the mind. Perfection is unattainable so focus on steady progress. Some examples of techniques were:
Walking Meditation: Walk evenly and naturally. Walk with your body and your mind. Let your mind be aware of each step. Watch your mind as you walk. Note what it is "thinking". Note how it wanders. The advice the book gives is to "Note and Drop." Be aware of the mind and then drop what it is focusing on and come back to your steps. This is usually the easiest meditation to incorporate as you can practice it incrementally in a day.
Sitting Meditation: In this technique, the focus is the same. But instead of attention on your feet, your attention goes to your breath.
One-Pointed Meditation: You bring your focus onto a single object – a flower, a pen or a color. It is as if your mind fuses with the object. This unusual combination of intensity and relaxed alertness is essential for the mind.
Analytical Meditation: This mediation allows you to look at a feeling for and analyze it from your perspective, a world perspective. Take being angry at a situation for example. You would consider its destructive nature for yourself or others. You can remind yourself that there may be other factors at play in what you are angry about. Through the analyzing meditation you can learn to separate the person's behavior from the totality of the person.
Visualization Exercises: This advanced breathing and visualization technique is described in detail in the book and can be found in many meditation sites and centers.
Acquisition and Use of Wealth
Most leaders and especially those in business are working towards a profit. The Dalai Lama offers eight questions and the right answers about the proper acquisition and use of wealth:
- Did you acquire the wealth lawfully? (Yes I did)
- Did your wealth provide only happiness to you?(No, also to others)
- Did your wealth provide happiness also to others? (Yes, it did)
- Did you share your wealth with others? (Yes I did)
- Did you carry out any good deeds with your wealth (Yes, I did)
- Are you attached to and infatuated by your wealth? (No , I am not)
- Are you heedful of the dangers of wealth? (Yes, I am)
- Do you possess the insight that leads to spiritual freedom? (Yes. I do)
Top 5 Things You Can Implement from this Book NOW:
5. Become more aware of your mind. How you think affects your choices and that in turn affects the physical reality you create.
4. Make decisions in your practice by thinking about how it will affect the team, the members, the community. When you know what is right, do not hesitate. Decide firmly and go.
3. Treasure you team. Be humble. Appreciate everyone who helped you to be who you are today. Know that you are given the gift of being the leader but many deserve credit for helping you to be where you are.
2. Cultivate Your Character. Create a journal about growing your character. Ben Franklin rated himself daily on his character. Choose to grow great character.
1. Meditate. Meditate. Meditate.
Hope you enjoyed the Book review!
Keep Bloomin'!

subset: commoncrawl


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Esther Williams, a teenage swimming champion who became an enormous Hollywood star in a decade of watery MGM extravaganzas, died on Thursday in Beverly Hills, Calif. She was 91.
Her death was announced by her publicist, Harlan Boll.
From "Bathing Beauty" in 1944 to "Jupiter's Darling" in 1955, Ms. Williams swam in Technicolor pools, lakes, lagoons and oceans, cresting onto the list of Top 10 box-office stars in 1949 and 1950.
"Esther Williams had one contribution to make to movies — her magnificent athletic body," the film critic Pauline Kael wrote. "And for over 10 years MGM made the most of it, keeping her in clinging, wet bathing suits and hoping the audience would shiver."
In her autobiography, "The Million Dollar Mermaid" (1999), Ms. Williams spoke of movie stardom as her "consolation prize," won instead of the Olympic gold medal for which she had yearned. At the national championships in 1939, Ms. Williams, who was 17, won three gold medals and earned a place on the 1940 United States Olympic team. But Hitler invaded Poland, and the 1940 Olympics were canceled with the onset of World War II.
At a time when most movies cost less than $2 million, MGM built Ms. Williams a $250,000 swimming pool on Stage 30. It had underwater windows, colored fountains and hydraulic lifts, and it was usually stocked with a dozen bathing beauties. Performing in that 25-foot-deep pool, which the swimmers nicknamed Pneumonia Alley, Ms. Williams ruptured her eardrums seven times.
By 1952, the swimming sequences in Ms. Williams's movies, which were often elaborate fantasies created by Busby Berkeley, had grown more and more extravagant. For that year's "Million Dollar Mermaid," she wore 50,000 gold sequins and a golden crown. The crown was made of metal, and in a swan dive into the pool from a 50-foot platform, her head snapped back when she hit the water. The impact broke her back, and she spent the next six months in a cast.
Ms. Williams once estimated that she had swum 1,250 miles for the cameras. In a bathing suit, she was a special kind of all-American girl: tall, lithe, breathtakingly attractive and unpretentious. She begged MGM for serious nonswimming roles, but the studio's response was, in effect, "If it ain't broke, don't fix it." Audiences rejected her in dramas like "The Hoodlum Saint" (1946) and "The Unguarded Moment" (1956). Her only dry-land box-office success was "Take Me Out to the Ball Game" (1949), with Ms. Williams as the owner of a baseball team whose players included Frank Sinatra and Gene Kelly (although even in that film, she was seen briefly in a swimming pool).
The men who played opposite her in a dozen lightweight comedies full of misunderstandings and mistaken identity were almost interchangeable. Johnny Johnston in "This Time for Keeps" (1947), John Carroll in "Fiesta" (1947) and Peter Lawford in "On an Island With You" (1948) were male ingénues who the studio was hoping might turn into stars. In terms of star power, she was matched on screen only by Victor Mature, with whom she had an affair when they were making "Million Dollar Mermaid," and by MGM's all-American boy, Van Johnson, who wooed or was wooed by her in "Thrill of a Romance" (1945), "Easy to Wed" (1946), "Easy to Love" (1953) and "Duchess of Idaho" (1950).
"Just relax," she recalled Mr. Johnson telling her after the first few days on "Thrill of a Romance." "It's your naturalness that's going to make you a star."
Esther Jane Williams was born in Los Angeles on Aug. 8, 1921, the fifth and last child of Lou and Bula Williams. Her father was a sign painter; her maternal grandparents had come west to Utah in a Conestoga wagon after the Civil War. Unwanted by a mother who was tired of raising children, Esther was turned over to her 14-year-old sister, Maurine. The family's chief breadwinner was her brother Stanton. A silent movie star at the age of 6, Stanton died of a twisted intestine when he was 16 and Esther was 8.
That summer she learned to swim. From the beginning, Ms. Williams wrote in her autobiography, "I sensed the water was my natural element." She counted wet towels at the neighborhood pool to earn the nickel a day it cost to swim there. The male lifeguards taught her the butterfly, a stroke then used only by men, and, at the Amateur Athletic Union championships in 1939, the butterfly won her a gold medal in the 300-meter medley relay.
Three years earlier, 20th Century Fox had signed the Norwegian ice skater Sonja Henie, a three-time Olympic gold medalist, and turned her into a movie star in a series of skating movies, and Louis B. Mayer, who ran MGM, wanted to match Fox. The studio found Ms. Williams performing in Billy Rose's Aquacade at the San Francisco World's Fair. She was, as she put it, learning to "swim pretty" in tandem with Johnny Weissmuller, a former Olympic gold medalist who was already the star of MGM's "Tarzan" films.
Esther Williams in Pictures
9 Photos
View Slide Show ›
At first, Ms. Williams was one of two dozen MGM contract players who had, she wrote, "a look, a voice, a sparkle or a smolder." Few lasted more than a year. To test audience reaction to her, Ms. Williams was given the role of Mickey Rooney's love interest in an Andy Hardy movie. Half a dozen starlets — including Lana Turner, Judy Garland and Kathryn Grayson — had already been tested that way. Fan mail response to the film, "Andy Hardy's Double Life" (1942), was unequivocal: Audiences loved the girl in the two-piece swimsuit.
At 17, Ms. Williams married Leonard Kovner, a pre-med student whom she supported by working as a stock girl at a fancy department store. It was the first of her four marriages, and he would demand $1,500 — all the money she had saved from the Aquacade — before he would agree to a divorce.
Her 13-year second marriage, to the singer Ben Gage, would bring her three children and cost her considerably more money. According to Ms. Williams, Mr. Gage frittered away $10 million of her money on alcohol, gambling and failed business ventures. He also neglected to pay taxes and left her in hock to the Internal Revenue Service for $750,000 by the time they divorced in 1959. By then, Ms. Williams wrote, "I was 37 and there was not much mileage left in my movie career."
A decade later she married Fernando Lamas, the Argentine-born actor and director, who had helped her to swim the English Channel in "Dangerous When Wet" (1953). He was the first man who gave Ms. Williams money rather than taking it from her, but he exacted a heavy price. Her three children were not allowed to live with them or even to come to their wedding.
That marriage lasted until Mr. Lamas's death in 1982. Six years later she married Edward Bell, a professor of French literature 10 years her junior, with whom she introduced a collection of swimwear. She also put her name on a line of successful aboveground swimming pools.
She is survived by Mr. Bell; a son, Benjamin Gage; a daughter, Susan Beardslee; three stepsons, the actor Lorenzo Lamas, Tima Alexander Bell and Anthony Bell; three grandchildren; and eight stepgrandchildren.
Asked once who her favorite leading man was, Ms. Williams offered a simple and unsurprising response: "The water."


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Volume 6, Number 9
Submitted: January 17, 2001
Resubmitted: April 25, 2001
Accepted: May 4, 2001
Publication date: May 4, 2001
Diane D. Ashe
Valencia Community College
Lynn E. McCutcheon
DeVry Institute of Technology at Orlando, Florida
Measures of shyness, loneliness and attitudes toward a favorite celebrity were administered to 150 participants. We hypothesized that shyness and loneliness would be linked to the strength of one's "parasocial" relationship with celebrities, and to "highly visible" celebrities in particular. Of the 16 correlation coefficients we obtained, 15 were in the predicted direction, but none exceeded .24. Either shy and lonely people are not predisposed to seek strong parasocial bonds with celebrities or the hypothesized relationships are so weak that they account for very little variance.
The term "parasocial interaction" was coined to describe one-sided relationships in which one party knows a great deal about the other, but the relationship is not reciprocal (Horton and Wohl 1956; Rubin, Perse, and Powell 1985). Such relationships are typified in the one-sided link between most celebrity performers and their fans (McCutcheon, Lange, and Houran, in press), and have become increasingly common during the latter half of the Twentieth Century and the concomitant rise in television and motion picture popularity (Giles 2000). Television executives have actively promoted parasocial relationships. By design, television news has increasingly come to resemble celebrity gossip. Events that would not be newsworthy if they happened to "ordinary" people have become newsworthy when they happened to celebrities (McCutcheon, Lange, and Houran, in press). Television executives have also promoted parasocial relations by insisting that celebrities use a conversational style (Rubin, Perse and Powell 1985), and by choosing personnel less for their skill than their ability to project warmth and develop a pseudo-friendship with the audience (Bogart 1980; Powers 1978). The opportunity to form a parasocial relationship might be especially appealing to those who experience loneliness and shyness.
Shyness has been defined as discomfort and inhibition while in the presence of others (Cheek and Buss 1981). Shy persons tend to have less satisfactory interpersonal involvements and fewer friends (Jones and Russell 1982). They also tend to talk less and be described by others as unfriendly (Cheek and Buss 1981).
Although shyness and loneliness are distinct constructs, they tend to overlap, inasmuch as measures of each typically correlate in the .40 to .50 range (Jones, Rose, and Russell 1990). Both are linked to unsatisfactory social interaction (Jones, Rose, and Russell 1990). Loneliness has been defined as "a sense of isolation that persists over time" (Perse and Rubin 1990, p. 37). Lonely persons tend to be deficient in communication skills (Spitzberg and Canary 1985). In turn, these deficiencies isolate people from the very social activities that might reduce loneliness (Perse and Rubin 1990). According to media uses and gratification theory, when needs cannot be met in more "natural" ways, people often turn to media ( Katz, Gurevitch, and Haas 1973; Rosengran and Windahl 1972; Rubin and Rubin, 1985).
Shy and lonely persons might be especially attracted to parasocial relationships because these relationships make few social demands. Shy persons do not need to be friendly toward and lonely persons are not required to communicate with the celebrities they encounter regularly on television and in the movie theater. Parasocial relationships with celebrities do not force shy and lonely people to experience the discomfort that typifies their interactions with "ordinary" people.
However, previous studies that have attempted to link parasocial attraction with reduced opportunities and skills for social interaction have not always yielded strong relationships ( Levy 1979; Miyazaki 1982; Nordlund 1978; Perse and Rubin 1990; Rosengran, Windahl, Hokansson, and Johnsson-Smaragdi 1976; Rubin, Perse, and Powell 1985). Rubin, Perse and Powell (1985, p. 157) have attributed these weak relationships to sociological orientations characterized by "considering only the number and availability of functional alternatives to satisfy social interaction needs." However, their own research revealed a weak (.18) relationship between loneliness and reliance on television when lonely, and a weaker one (.15) between parasocial interaction with a favorite local TV news personality and reliance on TV when lonely.
Psychometric improvement leads to greater accuracy in our ability to detect small but real relationships. We felt that the combination of improvements described here would reveal that the link between social anxiety and parasocial interaction is stronger than that shown by Rubin, Perse, and Powell (1985). First, we used a different measure of parasocial interaction, the Celebrity Attitude Scale (CAS; McCutcheon, Lange, and Houran, in press; Maltby, Houran, Lange, and McCutcheon 2000; Maltby and McCutcheon 2001). The CAS has excellent psychometric properties, and the added advantage of having three factors; each of which can be correlated with measures of unsatisfactory social interaction.
Second, we used version three of the UCLA Loneliness Scale (Russell and Cutrone 1988), instead of the second version used by Rubin, Perse, and Powell (1985). Version three has the advantage of having a lower reading level (Shaver and Brennan 1991 ).
Third, participants in their study were forced to choose among a limited number of local, minor celebrity broadcasters. In our study, participants were free to choose their favorite celebrity from any profession of their choice. It may be that in their study many participants did not feel a strong parasocial attraction to any of the newscasters from which they were forced to choose.
Fourth, we widened our net, so to speak, by including a measure of shyness. Perhaps shyness is more closely related to parasocial attraction than loneliness. Our study was conducted partially for the purpose of finding out.
Because shyness and loneliness are overlapping constructs we hypothesized that both would be positively related to the strength of one's attitude toward a favorite celebrity. Additionally, we hypothesized that this positive relationship would be stronger for participants whose favorite celebrity was highly visible (a media talk show host or a person otherwise prominently heard or seen frequently on television). Our reasoning was that a highly visible person would be "available" to meet the needs of the shy and lonely more frequently than the those celebrities who are rarely visible to the public. Rubin and McHugh (1987) have pointed out that in parasocial relationships amount of exposure to the other person (a celebrity, in this case) leads to a greater attraction and a resulting sense that the relationship is important. We further hypothesized that scores on the "intense personal" (factor 2) of the CAS would be most closely related to shyness and loneliness measures because "intense personal" comes closer to capturing the parasocial flavor than do the other two factors. "Intense-personal" seems to be concerned with one's emotional state, just as shyness and loneliness have strong emotional components.
The participants were 150 persons ( 93 females, mean age = 24.6 years, SD = 10.6 years; 57 males, mean age = 26.0 years, SD = 12.5 years) recruited from metropolitan Orlando. Of these, 99 were community college students. The remaining 51 were either undergraduate college students or individuals recruited by a small group of undergraduate students. Four of the participants had earned at least a masters degree, 13 were college graduates, and 11 were high school graduates. None of the participants knew in advance that they would be asked questions either about attitudes toward celebrities or about shyness and loneliness. An additional nine persons either failed to complete large portions of one or more scales or they declined to participate.
Shyness was operationalized as scores on the Revised Cheek and Buss Shyness Scale (Cheek 1983), a 13-item, Likert-type scale favorably reviewed by Leary (1991). Four items are reverse-scored, and the range is 13 to 65 (highest shyness). Cronbach's alpha was found to be .90 and test-retest reliability was .88 with a 45-day interval. Shyness Scale scores have been found to correlate as expected with other scales that attempt to assess social anxiety (Leary 1991).
Loneliness was measured by scores on version three of the UCLA Loneliness Scale (Russell and Cutrona 1988). This is a 20-item, Likert-type scale, favorably described by Shaver and Brennan (1991). Nine items are reverse-scored, and the range is 20 to 80 (highest loneliness). Cronbach's alphas ranging from .89 to .94 and a one-year test-retest correlation of .73 have been reported by the authors (Russell and Cutrona 1988). Reviewers gave high marks to this scale for its discriminative validity and its successful attempts to reduce social desirability (Shaver and Brennan 1991).
The Celebrity Attitude Scale, in the present form, consists of 23 Likert-type items, an item range of 5 (strongly agree) to 1 (strongly disagree), and a total range of 23 to 115 (highest favorable attitude). Cronbach's alpha for this version was .86. Factor analysis has provided support for using a three-factor solution. Factor one, "entertainment/social," consists of items like "My friends and I like to discuss what my favorite celebrity has done." Factor two, "intense personal," consists of items such as "I am obsessed by details of my favorite celebrity's life." Factor three, "mild pathological," contains items like "If I were lucky enough to meet my favorite celebrity, and he/she asked me to do something illegal as a favor, I would probably do it" (Maltby, Houran, Lange, Ashe, and McCutcheon 2000).
A similar, 33-item version of the CAS correlated as expected with a number of single-item scales. For example, high scorers on the CAS described themselves as "interested in the lives of many celebrities," and disagreed that too much media coverage had been given to the deaths of Lady Diana and John Kennedy, Jr. (McCutcheon, Lange, and Houran, in press).
The three scales described above, along with brief demographic questions, were administered in one session to all participants. One of the questions asked participants to select from 13 categories (acting, artist, author, medicine, modeling, music, news politics, religion, royalty, radio or TV talk show, science, sports) the category for which their favorite celebrity was best known. For the purpose of this study, those participants who selected either an actor or a talk show host were designated as "highly visible." The order of the scales was counterbalanced to reduce the possibility of a systematic order effect. Participants completed the questionnaire before or after psychology classes, or in a few instances in their homes or workplaces. Participants were told nothing about the purposes of the study until all materials were completed.
Cronbach's alpha for the CAS was .92. The correlation between shyness and loneliness was .44, p < .001. The mean for the Shyness Scale was 32.67 (SD = 9.2 ). The mean for UCLA Loneliness was 42.09 (SD = 10.5), and the CAS mean was 50.06 (SD = 16.2). CAS factor means were 26.03 (SD = 8.5), 16.30 ( SD = 6.7), and 7.73 (SD = 3.2), respectively. CAS scores were inversely related to age, r = -.20, p < .01. Scores on the CAS also correlated significantly with self-reported number of movies watched per week, r = .22, p < .01, and with self-reports of the amount of general interest in celebrities, r = .40, p < .001. All of these measures are either consistent with previous research or reasonable expectations. Taken together they suggest that: our participants were similar to participants in earlier studies; our participants were reasonably careful in filling out the materials; we scored them accurately; and, there is additional reason to be confident about the validity of the CAS.
Shyness scores correlated .13 with total CAS scores, and .11, .13, and .15 with the three factor scores, respectively. UCLA Loneliness scores correlated .05 with total CAS scores, and .05, -.02, and .13 with the three factor scores, respectively. The largest of these correlation coefficients narrowly failed to make the .05 alpha level.
For the participants who made "highly visible" favorite celebrity choices ( n = 75), shyness was correlated .17 with total CAS, and .12, .16, and .21 with the three factor scores, respectively. Loneliness scores correlated .17 with total CAS, and .12, .13, and .24 with the three factor scores, respectively. All eight of these correlation coefficients are larger than their counterparts based on the entire sample and the largest was significant at .05. However, these coefficients are still weak, and even the one significant finding should be interpreted cautiously in light of the large number of coefficients presented here.
For 36 participants whose favorite celebrities were chosen from "lower visibility" categories (author, model, politics, religion, sports) shyness was correlated .11 with total CAS, and .02, .16, and .21 with the three factor scores, respectively. Loneliness scores correlated -.03 with total CAS, and -.13, -.09, and .26 with the three factor scores, respectively. In comparison to their "high visibility" counterparts the trend was in the predicted direction (scores for "lower visibility" participants were generally closer to .00), but so weak that we cannot rule out chance as an explanation for our results. With the wisdom of hindsight it could be argued that some sports heroes, some models, and some politicians are highly visible. Indeed it may be difficult to become a celebrity without becoming highly visible.
Perse and Rubin (1990) found that lonely people made frequent use of highly visible media, specifically movies and television. However, their data suggested that lonely people did this primarily to pass the time rather than form or deepen any parasocial attachments.
Our results, in conjunction with those of Perse and Rubin (1990) and Rubin, Perse, and Powell (1985), suggest that the link between two measures of social anxiety and the strength of a parasocial interaction to a celebrity is either very weak or non-existent. There may be a few persons who pursue parasocial relationships with celebrities in an attempt to alleviate shyness or loneliness. It may even be true that parasocial relationships with highly visible celebrities are appealing to some persons with mild behavioral disorders. However, these appear to be weak trends, at best. Further research is needed to determine if these weak trends are illusory or real.
Bogart, L. (1980). "Television news as entertainment." In P. H. Tannenbaum (Ed.), The entertainment functions of television. Pp. 209-249. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Cheek, J. M., and A. H. Buss (1981). "Shyness and sociability," Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 41:330-339.
Giles, D. (2000). Illusions of immortality: A psychology of fame and celebrity. London: MacMillan.
Horton, D., and R. R. Wohl (1956). "Mass communication and para-social interaction: Observations on intimacy at a distance" Psychiatry, 19:215-229.
Jones, W. H., J. Rose, and D. Russell. (1990). "Loneliness and social anxiety." In H. Leitenberg (Ed.), Handbook of social and evaluation anxiety. Pp. 247-270. New York: Plenum.
Jones, W. H., and Russell, D. (1982). "The social reticence scale: An objective measure of shyness." Journal of Personality Assessment, 46:629-631.
Katz, E., M. Gurevitch, and H. Haas (1973). "On the use of the mass media for important things." American Sociological Review, 38:164-181.
Leary, M. R. (1991). "Social anxiety, shyness, and related constructs." In J. P. Robinson, P. R. Shaver, and L. S. Wrightsman, (Eds.), Measures of personality and social psychological attitudes. Pp. 195-290. New York: Academic Press.
Levy, M. R. (1979). "Watching TV news as para-social interaction." Journal of Broadcasting, 23:69-80.
Maltby, J., J. Houran, R. Lange, D. Ashe, and L. E. McCutcheon (2000). "Thou shalt worship no other gods - unless they are celebrities." Manuscript submitted for publication.
Maltby, J., and L. E. McCutcheon (2001). "The relationship between attitudes toward celebrities and authoritarianism." Manuscript submitted for publication.
McCutcheon, L. E., R. Lange, and J. Houran (in press). "Evidence for non-pathological and pathological dimensions of celebrity worship." British Journal of Psychology.
Myazaki, T. (1981). "Housewives and daytime serials in Japan: A uses and gratifications perspective." Communication Research, 8:323-341.
Nordlund, J. (1978). "Media interaction." Communication Research, 5:150-175.
Perse, E. M., and A. M. Rubin (1990). "Chronic loneliness and television use." Journal of Broadcasting and Electronic Media, 34:37-53.
Powers, R. (1978). The newscasters: The news business as show business. New York: St. Martin's Press.
Rosengren, K. E., and S. Windahl (1972). "Mass media consumption as a functional alternative." In D. McQuail (Ed.), Sociology of mass communication. Pp. 166-194. Middlesex, England. Penguin.
Rosengren, K. E., S. Windahl, P. Hakansson, and U. Johnsson-Smaragdi (1976). "Adolescents' TV relations: Three scales." Communication Research, 3:347-365.
Rubin, A. M., and R. B. Rubin (1985). "Interface of personal and mediated communication: A research agenda." Critical Studies in Mass Communication, 2:36-53.
Rubin, R. B., and M. P. McHugh (1987). "Development of parasocial interaction relationships." Journal of Broadcasting and Electronic Media, 31:279-292.
Rubin, R. B., E. M. Perse, and R. A. Powell (1985). "Loneliness, parasocial interaction, and local television news viewing." Human Communications Research, 12:155-180.
Russell, D. W., and C. E. Cutrona (1988). "Development and evolution of the UCLA Loneliness Scale." Unpublished manuscript, Center for Health Services Research, College of Medicine, University of Iowa.
Shaver, P. R., and K. A. Brennan (1991). "Measures of depression and loneliness." In J. P. Robinson, P. R. Shaver, and L. S. Wrightsman, (Eds.), Measures of personality and social psychological attitudes. Pp. 195-290. New York: Academic Press.
Spitzberg, B. H., and D. J. Canary (1985). "Loneliness and relationally competent communication." Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 2:387-402.
Diane Ashe teaches several psychology courses at Valencia Community College in Orlando. Her undergraduate work was completed at East Carolina University and she earned her Ph.D. from Florida State. She shares an interest in sport psychology with Dr. McCutcheon.
Lynn E. McCutcheon, Ph.D., teaches psychology and critical thinking at DeVry Institute of Technology's Orlando Campus. He has authored or co-authored about 100 scholarly works, including three with Dr. Ashe.


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All week we've been hearing word that snowboarder Mark McMorris landed a first-ever triple cork 1440 in the terrain park at Snowmass during filming for the forthcoming TransWorld Snowboarding: Park Sessions video, and now TransWorld has the must-see video.
Since they're hoarding all those pageviews for themselves (selfish bastards) with a non-embeddable video clip, we thought we'd post the footage from this weekend's 2nd annual Dummy Jump at Powderhorn instead: Enjoy!
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You have successfully signed up for your selected newsletter(s) - please keep an eye on your mailbox, we're movin' in!
Powderhorn Ski Resort Dummy Jump 2011 from Powderhorn Ski Resort on Vimeo.


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Top 10 Very best Large Band Songs
Saat ini sedang terjadi trendi menjadi seorang youtuber, semua ingin membuat channel youtube dan berkreasi di youtube. So no matter whether you love or hate Jake, his notoriety is no fluke and these are the 13 motives why Jake Paul is common on YouTube. Possibly it would be a greater notion to enable Music Crucial on a single device at a time and disable its attributes when employing other devices. Though I watch YouTube a lot, I have only uploaded one of my own videos so I located your hub especially helpful. I video open mics at local bars on town exactly where nearby musicians sings and plays covers and original music.
Deselect any video clips by clicking outside of the editor, then click the music note icon to open the YouTube music library. In truth the majority of most subscribed channels and creators on YouTube are millennials in their late teens and 20's, so he fits right in. Music yang diberikan bisa sobat jadikan sebagai backsound video game ataupun backsound untuk sebuah tutorial yang kemudia di upload ke youtube maka sobat dapat menerima monetasi. The most surprising information item is the influence that music television channels and point-of-acquire displays in retailers had, coming in at 35 and 33% (see the chart).
Even though it originally started out as a basic YouTube clone, it now has differentiated itself with a quantity of distinctive functions. You might feel you just designed the most incredible, original video and that there is no way for it to trip up on the Content material ID method. I initial discovered Tracy Campoli's YouTube channel 3 years ago, in the midst of moving. YouTube is investing millions of dollars into far more Red originals, which means there are tons of motion pictures and shows just over the horizon.
Kami memperbarui aplikasi dari waktu ke waktu untuk memberikan pengalaman YouTube Musik yang lebih baik bagi Anda. Whether you are a filmmaker or a webmaster, a media producer or a multimedia developer, obtaining instant access to a free royalty free music library is going to be an indispensable element of your project. Swimmers will adore this incredible waterproof MP3 player, It is properly-produced, and with its competitive price gives quality look and functionality.
Right after the Promotion Period, the subscription to Video Add-On Pack will automatically terminate. Some YouTube stars upload around four-five videos a week, which is not a modest quantity. I mean, you can embed legally any YouTube video on your internet site that has this choice embedded, since you have a license to do so, YouTube TOS states that. The stat was included in an anti-piracy document issued by Google and shared with Digital Music News over the weekend. You should certainly watch the entirety of this video to hear this woman's incredible life story.…


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Spine injuries result from fall from height and motor vehicle trauma. X-rays and photographs of spine injuries are being presented, including x-rays after operative treatment.
Image 1 – Dislocation of C6-C7 Vertebra – Xray
38 years old man suffered trauma to the neck when a pole fell on him while he was working on his tube well. He developed sudden onset weakness in all the four limbs.
He reported to casualty about 2 hours after the injury and found to have quadriparesis [weakness in all four limbs] with grade 2 power in all the limbs along with numbness below sternum.
Xray revealed unifacetal dislocation of sixth cervical vertebra over seventh cervical vertebra.
MRI revealed C6-c7 disc impinging upon the cord. The patient was given injection solumedrol for 24 hours and was taken for anterior decompression, cervical plating, and bone grafting.
This x-ray is one month postoperative and the patient has shown good recovery. He has 3+ power in all the limbs and is free of catheter.
Image 2 – Burst Fracture Of L1 Vertebra Fixed With Pedicle Screw Assembly
Burst fractures are unstable fractures and often associated with neurological deficit. Most often these fractures require decompression and surgical stabilization either anteriorly or posteriorly.
The above x-ray is postoperative picture of L1 vertebra burst fracture which has been fixed by pedicle screw assembly. Decompression and bone grafting was also performed.
Image 3 – Anteroposterior Xray Of Fracture Dislocation of L1 Vertebra over L2
Xray of 44 years old male with spinal injury showing fracture dislocation of L1 over L2
The patient also had associated paraplegia along with bladder and bowel dysfunction.
Image 4 – Xray of Cervical Spine With Dislocation of C3 Vertebra Over C4
Xray of dislocation of C3 Cervical spine vertebra over C4
The vertebrae have been numbered for easier understanding.
Image 5 – CT Images of Fracture Dislocation of D5 – D6 Vertebra
Following is CT image of fracture dislocation of D5 over D6 vertebra.
Image 6 – Anteroposterior Xray of Operated Fracture L3 with Pedicle Screw System
Xray of 30 years old male who suffered injury due to fall of tree on him. He had fracture of L3 vertebra with paraplegia and bladder bowel involvement.
Presurgery x-rays are not available. Postoperative x-ray anteroposterior view is shown here.
Image 7 – Broken Pedicle Screw System in L2 Fracture
Following x-ray belongs to 45 years old male who was treated for a fracture of L2 vertebrae with paraplegia and bowel bladder involvement due to fall from a height. The patient also had a fracture of calcaneum in addition to this injury. The patient was treated with fixation by pedicle screw system and recovered complete power and bladder bowel functions as well.
This x-ray was done after 8 months injury when a patient complained of deformity of the back. The implant was found to be broken. On inquiry, the patient admitted having engaged in continuous labor work.
The patient was offered deformity correction and fusion surgery but the patient chose to accept deformity and its consequences.
Image 8 – Xray Images of Fracture of D12 With Dislocation D11 Vertebra Over D12
Following x-rays are of thoracolumbar spine of a patient with the spinal injury. The patient has a fracture of D12 vertebra and dislocation of D11 over D12 vertebra.
Here is the AP view
Here is lateral view
Associated history with the image was not available.


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What's inside? Here are the questions answered in today's reader mailbag, boiled down to summaries of five or fewer words. Click on the number to jump straight down to the question.
1. Prepping for shutdown #1
2. Are piano lessons worth it?
3. Which loan first?
4. Prepping for shutdown #2
5. Investing teenage earnings
6. Tax preparation for Linux
7. Prepping for shutdown #3
8. Renting versus buying
9. Cord cutting in 2019
10. Prepping for shutdown #4
11. 50 year old mixer value
12. Strategies for reading more
Before I get started today, I wanted to address the government shutdown in a general sense.
One, I am not interested in talking about the politics of what's going on in Washington right now. That is not a topic of interest to The Simple Dollar.
What I am interested in, period, is the impact that this shutdown will have on the everyday lives of a lot of Americans if it continues. This doesn't just affect federal employees, who are about to reach their first missed paychecks. It affects a lot of government contractors as well. There are many people who have already lost irrecoverable work due to the shutdown and within a week or so there are many, many people who are going to be hit hard by the financial aspect of this shutdown.
Over the weekend, what had been just a question or two about the shutdown turned into a flood, and I'm going to address the apolitical ones in this mailbag. I don't want to turn it into an "all shutdown" mailbag, but there will be multiple questions on the topic.
I do expect that the shutdown will be over within a month, perhaps within a week or two. However, it is a good idea to prepare for a shutdown that extends indefinitely.
A final note: I know that there are Simple Dollar readers who work for large banks and major credit card companies. If you want a PR bonanza right now, you should consider rapidly promoting and issuing a credit card with 0% APR and free cash advances until 30 days after the shutdown as well as no payments due until 30 days after the shutdown. I generally don't advocate for credit cards in any way, but this is an exceptional situation and an offer like this one could make the difference for a lot of families. I also call on banks to issue letters to federal employees that they've loaned money to and extend a grace period through 30 days past the end of the government shutdown. Those kinds of moves will earn you an incredible amount of goodwill from your customer base, earn a lot of great PR, and also actually help a lot of families right now, without a steep cost to your business (it's basically customer acquisition).
On with the questions.
Q1: Prepping for shutdown #1
Hi! I am 29/F single and sitting at home since the shutdown began. Great job when I'm not locked out. I have 3 months emergency fund so things are fine for me but I am wondering if I should look for other work.
– Alicia
I don't think it's a bad idea to use this window to see what's out there in your field, though you might not necessarily want to jump ship quite yet if you like your current job quite a bit.
If I were you, I'd do some job searching and put out some feelers if you have a professional community in which to do so. This is a moment to polish your resume and think carefully about your next steps.
My gut feeling is that the shutdown will end in the next month or so, so you should be able to ride it out and go back to work. However, it doesn't hurt to take a look at the job market in this moment.
Q2: Are piano lessons worth it?
Do you have any experience with learning piano/keyboard? We've been gifted one for my 8-yr old daughter. I know how to read music and notes from the treble clef, so I thought I would help my daughter learn notes first and then set down to the keyboard to see if there's any real interest before investing in lessons. Any and all suggestions/resources are appreciated!
– Mandy
Not too long ago, we had a daughter in the same exact situation and an old keyboard in the closet.
Our solution was simple. We set up the keyboard with a bench near our daughter's bedroom and let her play around with it. We wanted it to feel completely like "play" so that she could engage with it on her own terms and decide if it was fun.
We told her that she could try whatever she wanted (provided she didn't turn the volume up to max) and she could ask her grandma (who can play well) if she had any questions. We wanted to see if she engaged with the piano on her own terms in her free time because it was a genuine interest before we invested in lessons.
And she did. She kept sitting down at the keyboard and trying different things. She would hear a song and then go down there and hit keys until she could piece together the melody, with no lessons at all, and she was doing it every day or every other day, completely on her own.
That was when we decided to get her lessons. If she hadn't touched it, we wouldn't have bothered.
I'd try the same approach. Set it up and see if your daughter gravitates to it during her spare time. If she does so consistently and tries to figure out melodies on her own, then lessons would be a good idea. If she doesn't ever touch it and it starts to gather dust, piano isn't for her.
Q3: Which loan first?
Hey Trent, I have a question regarding which loan to pay off first.
Loan A $5000 @ 4%
Loan B $1000 @ 7%
My daughter says to pay off the larger balance and I say to pay off the higher rate first. Thanks and I enjoy your writing.
– Dan
You're absolutely right here, Dan. You need to look at it in terms of total interest.
Right now, Loan A ($5,000 at 4%) is generating $200 in interest a year. Loan B ($1,000 at 7%) is generating $70 in interest a year.
Let's say over the next year you're able to pay off $1000 in debt.
If you put the $1,000 toward Loan A, it's now $4,000 at 4% and is now generating $160 in interest. Loan B is still generating $70 because it didn't get paid down. Thus, your total interest is $230.
If you put the $1,000 toward Loan B, Loan A remains at $5,000 and still generates $200 in interest, but Loan B is paid off and thus generates $0 interest. Thus, your total interest is $200.
You want to aim for the lowest total interest, so paying off Loan B first is better. Paying off the debt with the highest interest rate is always a good call.
Q4: Prepping for shutdown #2
My wife and I are both federal employees. We have three kids. We can make it through the end of January without missing any bills but after that what do we do? Live on credit cards? We don't have great credit.
– Bob
First of all, as I said at the top of the article, I think the shutdown will be over within a month. I would not go into panic mode at this point.
Having said that, you should take this opportunity right now to shore up some things. This time off is a great window to do some things like going through your closet and selling off unwanted possessions, air sealing your home to cut energy bills, and prepping some meals in advance. Those are little things that will help cut bills going forward and make it easier to get through if the shutdown goes on for a while.
I would also strongly encourage you to start polishing up your resumes and asking around your professional networks about job openings. That doesn't mean that you're going to quit your job and move on, but that you start opening those windows in case you need to make that leap.
Q5: Investing teenage earnings
I have two teenage children who have a very successful neighborhood landscaping business. The older one cleared over $10,000 this year; the younger one $2000 (he assists as needed). They keep up with their schooling, play flag football, go on family vacations and are involved in church and extended family activities, volunteer as tech for a local youth theater. Great kids. My question is, what should they do with their money? I'd like to see them invest some of it in a Roth IRA, where they can tap the capital without penalty as needed, but start longterm savings even if it is just with the interest accrued until they need the capital. Not sure if college or trade school is in the cards for the 16 year old; 14 year old is definitely college material but lacks direction for now. What would you recommend?
– Alice
A Roth IRA is a solid idea here, especially if you're not sure what they'll be doing in the future. A 529 account is also a good idea, as it can be used for any educational purpose.
For the older child, $10,000 is well over the maximum contribution to a Roth IRA, so he'll have excess to deal with. If I were him, I'd max out the Roth IRA, then put the rest into a 529. The money in a 529 can be used for tuition, books, supplies, room and board, and other expenses at any accredited trade school or college in the country.
For the younger child, you could go either way. I'd probably lean toward the 529 for him, but either one is fine.
My tendency is to assume that all children will eventually have some form of postsecondary education, whether it's trade school or college, and putting money in a 529 never hurts.
Q6: Tax preparation for Linux
I just bought a Linux system. Are there any tax preparation products that work on Linux systems?
– Kevin
There isn't a good tax preparation software package available for Linux.
The best solution if you're a Linux user is to use a web browser based tax preparation tool. In my experience, the best wholly browser based package is Tax Act, which is what I'd recommend in your situation.
If your return is simple (you don't have children and just have a normal paycheck), it's free. Otherwise, you're probably in the Basic+ or Deluxe+ package.
Q7: Prepping for shutdown #3
I work for [a government agency that isn't shut down) but am not getting paid for my work or should I say I will get my back pay whenever the shutdown ends. If I don't work though I could lose my job. I have a 45 minute commute each day and I am getting worried about being able to buy gas. My credit cards are almost maxed out after Christmas gifts.
Best strategy here? If shutdown doesn't end by end of month I am out of money and no credit either.
– Jeff
First things first: you have to live as absolutely lean as you possibly can. Don't eat at restaurants. Don't go to coffee shops. You have to cut all of that out until the shutdown is over. This shouldn't be optional. If it's uncomfortable, blame Washington.
Second, I would be using every spare second I can to search for another job. Unlike a few of the other people who wrote into the mailbag, you really can't afford any shutdown time at all. Polish your resume and use every spare second to hit the job searching hard.
Third, never, ever, ever let yourself be in this situation ever again. This absolutely has to be a key learning moment in your life. It is an extremely poor idea to be in a situation where you are dependent on the successful arrival of the next paycheck. You have to start living a little beneath your means and putting aside some money to get rid of debt and build up an emergency fund. If you don't do that, you'll be right back in this bad situation as soon as anything goes wrong.
I suspect the shutdown will be over within a week or two, but don't forget how this feels. Never forget how this feels. Use it as a tool to shape things for the better.
Q8: Renting versus buying
What happens when you get old and rent is higher than you can afford?
– Lynn
This question is part of an ongoing discussion about renting versus buying.
If the rent is higher than you can afford, then you either (a) have to earn more income or (b) have to move to a lower cost situation. That doesn't change, regardless of your age.
The implication, of course, is that you're paying in old age for mistakes when you're younger. That's likely true, but the mistake wasn't in choosing to rent. The mistake was in renting and then not wisely using the amount you're saving each month. Home ownership is an expensive proposition, one that is not fully recouped, as it includes insurance, property taxes, and tons of maintenance costs on top of the mortgage. Those costs far exceed the typical cost of renting (which has no property taxes, minimal insurance, minimal maintenance costs, and often includes some utilities, too).
Obviously, the worst move is to rent and then put nothing aside for the future. If you're doing that, you're neglecting much of the advantage of renting.
Q9: Cord cutting in 2019
I want to cut the cord in 2019. Will you have an updated cord cutters guide? I was read the 2018 version, but it did not mention Roku devices at all. I just scored a good deal on one at a discount. Thank you for the great service you offer all of us in living a more conscious life!
– Anna
There are a plethora of devices on the market that attach to your television and provide streaming services and Roku is definitely one of the options. I simply didn't recommend it in the earlier post as I hadn't used one since 2010.
Since that post, I've actually had experience using multiple Roku models and I'd put it on par with any of the other streaming devices I've tried (Apple TV, Amazon Fire, and TVs with embedded streaming tools).
I don't have a specific recommendation other than to say that if you're getting one of those three, you'll be fine, so you should just seek the best deal you can.
Q10: Prepping for shutdown #4
I am 56 F federal employee for 31 years. Sure you're getting questions about shutdown. I have been through several of them. My advice is to just enjoy the time off and don't panic. Not good for national economy or for any of the politicians to not pay federal workers for very long and none of them want this stuck to them. They will work it out one way or another and I expect it quick. Just enjoy the vacation! I visited my grandkids for a week.
– Mindy
This is a nice shot of reality here from Mindy.
There is a strong political motivation in Washington to end this shutdown, particularly when it reaches a point where federal employees miss a paycheck and start being unable to pay bills. The backlash against Washington will be incredible and the damage of losing employees and losing faith from those who remain will be nearly irrecoverable, not to mention the further erosion of trust from the American people.
Keep that in mind. Prepare, but don't panic. Enjoy the time off a little bit.
Q11: 50 year old mixer value
My great aunt has a 50 year old stand mixer that has worked since I was a kid. She is unloading a lot of her possessions and says she'll ship it to me if I pay the shipping cost which is about $32. Is it worth it?
– Danny
A lot of those old appliances will basically run forever. The mechanics inside are usually simple and very well constructed.
If you have a use for the old stand mixer, then it's probably worth it because that thing will likely keep running for many, many years to come.
The question you should really ask yourself is if you have a use for it. If you don't, then spending $32 to have that large object shipped to you isn't worth it.
Q12: Strategies for reading more
Do you have any tips for a "read more in 2019" resolution? I want to check out books from the library and read more.
– Barry
My recommendation is to turn off devices for an hour each evening, sit in a comfortable chair, and just read. Turn off the TV. Turn off your phone and leave it in another room. Turn off your tablet and leave it in another room. Just settle in and read.
Screens are such an easy distraction. They're usually moving and making noise, so we're instinctively pulled out of our focus to look at them. Our phone dings or vibrates with a reminder. Something moves on the television. Our attention is grabbed.
The best thing to do when you have a book in your hands is to kill those distractions completely for a while and let the book take you away. I find that I'll often lose track of time in a book if it's good, which is why I will sometimes set a loud timer in the other room when I must stop reading.
That's my big suggestion for you.
Got any questions? The best way to ask is to follow me on Facebook and ask questions directly there. I'll attempt to answer them in a future mailbag (which, by way of full disclosure, may also get re-posted on other websites that pick up my blog). However, I do receive many, many questions per week, so I may not necessarily be able to answer yours.


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A member of the Democratic Party, Pelosi has represented the 8th Congressional District of California, which consists of four-fifths of the City and County of San Francisco, since 1987. She served as the House Minority Whip from 2002 to 2003, and was House Minority Leader from 2003 to 2007, holding the post during the 108th and 109th Congresses. Pelosi is the first woman, the first Californian and first Italian-American to lead a major party in Congress. - Wikipedia
With all of the haggling and debating going on among Democrats following their November embarrassment at the polls, it appears that Nancy Pelosi will be made the scapegoat for the historic losses. I am not one to wax sentimental over past victories and I recognize that now would be an opportune time to shake up the leadership in the party and maybe bring in some fresh blood. However, this is not what is being discussed in Democratic circles. What is being discussed is a push to the right from the same clowns who ran from the party during the mid-terms and lost. These are the folks who allowed their local races to become nationalized because they were too frightened to stand up to the wing-nuts. I understand that there is a difference between House and Senate races, but if anyone was suppose to be replaced this cycle it was Harry Reid. So how was he able to survive? He made the election a choice.
Now there will be volumes of political how-to's from Senator Reid's campaign and that is not the focus of this piece, but he didn't run from himself. The problem with Democrats and governing is simply this: the Democrats do not have a set of core principles that they will defend at all costs. With the wing-nuts you can be sure of three core principles that to a person they will vote for en masse. They will always vote for tax-cuts, they will always vote for reducing regulation, and they will always vote for cutting entitlements. Given those three certainties you can craft a lot of policy and legislation to get their unanimous consent. What three core principles can you name for Democrats? Give me three core principles that all Democrats would vote and fight for. You can't do it. Because you have Democrats who support tax-cuts, you have Democrats who support cutting regulation, and you most certainly have Democrats who would cut entitlements.
You see the wing-nuts understand how to govern. You either bring in those who are beholden to you or you co-op any renegades that happen to crash the gate-as they will do with the tea-baggers. When the American electorate voted for Democrats and gave them control of all branches they falsely assumed that they would govern like the Republicans. So when the wheels started falling off with their majority and they couldn't get anything done not because of their majority but in spite of their majority the American voters became disenchanted. The voters want results. They don't want to hear that Blue Dogs won't support this or that. They see political parties as monolithic and if I give one group control then they will do what is necessary to get things done. With Democrats, that's not how we do things. Prior to negotiating with Republicans we have to negotiate with ourselves. We give half the store away before we ever see the Republicans.
You are not going to keep a majority if you don't have core principles that the people know you are going to fight for. And they can't be core principles that some will fight for; it has to be everyone or no one.
Unfortunately we now live in the political sphere where half measures won't do. The people are looking for champions, they are looking for super heroes who will defend them against corruption and sometimes from themselves. You can't do that if you don't stand for something. The Democrats need to use this opportunity to retool and decide on five core principles that they all can agree to and will vote for and present that to the American people. And when I say all; I mean all from San Francisco liberal to Midwestern Rust Belters, to the Bluest Dog-in for a penny in for a pound. And if you are not willing to support these principles then you cannot run under our flag. A perfect example was health-care. Is it a right or not?
A number of liberal Democrats, including three from California, have voiced their support for Pelosi. Rep. George Miller told the San Francisco Chronicle that Pelosi has been "attacked and vilified by the right wing because of her effectiveness. - Black Political Buzz
Speaker Pelosi was not the problem. If anything she was vilified because she was able to accomplish what many thought was impossible. Those who are crying the loudest for her head are the ones who could not and would not be able to past the core test. They were the ones who were running anti-Pelosi and anti-Obama ads to save their hides. At least they could have had some self-respect and dignity and ran on what they had done. Who is going to vote for someone who runs away from what they voted for? I think it would be a terrible mistake to replace Nancy Pelosi. You dance with the one who brought you. The wing-nuts hate her for a reason. She gets things done! Remember she was the one who stood tall when Rove and the wing-nuts were talking permanent majorities.
I will concede one point though and that is that the Democrats will have to come up with better messengers. The President cannot be the only voice in this wilderness. There has to emerge some cabinet member or some congressional figure who can take the fight to the wing-nuts. The wing-nuts have shown that there are no vacuums today. They will fill any empty space with nonsense if they have to but they will fill it with something.
And finally, the goal of the Congress and this President has to be jobs if they stand any chance of rebounding. The Republicans are going to provide ample opportunities for Dems to regain their majorities in two years because rather than focusing on solving problems they are going to focus on nonsense. I guarantee you we will have gotten no closer going forward to working on the major issues with Republicans than we have in the last two years. They will misread the electorate just like they always do. They see this as a referendum on their conservative agenda when the reality is it is a message to fix the jobs problem. It is not a message to throw gay people out of the military. It is not a message to give tax-cuts to the richest. It is not a message to shutdown the government.
There are many more wrong answers than right ones, and they are easier to find - Michael Friedlander
Tuesday, November 9, 2010
It's Not Pelosi
A member of the Democratic Party, Pelosi has represented the 8th Congressional District of California, which consists of four-fifths of the City and County of San Francisco, since 1987. She served as the House Minority Whip from 2002 to 2003, and was House Minority Leader from 2003 to 2007, holding the post during the 108th and 109th Congresses. Pelosi is the first woman, the first Californian and first Italian-American to lead a major party in Congress. - Wikipedia
Posted by Forgiven at 3:15 PM
Labels: Democrats, Harry Reid, Nancy Pelosi, President Obama, Republicans, Wing-Nuts


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I was born in Italy the same year as "My Better Half" by One Last Wish. I have animal nicknames for most of my friends, like the smell of the sea, minimalism, and handwritten letters. I like books more than people, and secretly wish I looked a little more like Holly Golightly. (or, you know.. Audrey Hepburn.)
alicetragedy(.)org was born on a November day. It was meant to be a very boring and straightforward portfolio, but things got a little out of hand. The whole thing was painfully hand-coded by me using html&css, and changes whenever I feel like procrastinating. Right now, it's on version FOUR!


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Master of Science in Finance
The 🌐 icon appears in the title of traditional courses that are also available as a set of module courses.
Description and Outcomes
The Master of Science in Finance program focuses on helping you gain advanced technical knowledge and skills in a range of financial areas. Courses help increase your understanding of the factors that influence high-level decision making and provide you with opportunities to develop and implement your critical thinking skills to solve complex financial problems.
The program is designed to prepare you to make quality decisions based on the analysis of financial information. The curriculum encourages you to be a lifelong learner and addresses the evolving professional skills of master's degree students.
The general program is designed to help you develop specific skills in the areas of financial planning, corporate finance, banking, financial markets, and investment management. Completion of this program may be especially beneficial if you who wish to pursue a variety of opportunities in the financial service sector.
You are required to select a concentration in financial analysis or financial planning.
Certified Financial Planner Board of Standards Certification Information
The Master of Science in Finance with a concentration in financial planning is a CFP Board-Registered Program in financial planning education. After successfully completing the Master of Science in Finance program you must register for and complete FP107: Financial Plan Development, provided by Kaplan Professional, if you wish to meet all education requirements necessary to sit for the CFP® Certification Examination.
During FP107, you will receive instruction on and review sample financial plans based on various case facts. You will then be required to complete a written financial plan, which you will present orally via a video recording.
For detailed information related to obtaining CFP® certification, you may access the CFP Board website located at: http://www.cfp.net/.
Program Length
The Master of Science in Finance program consists of a minimum of 56 quarter credit hours. Upon successful completion of the program, you will be awarded a master of science degree.
Program Outcomes
- Decision Analysis: Use financial and other information to make and justify business decisions.
- Risk Management and Investment Analysis: Identify financial risk and create a plan to minimize exposure.
- Leadership: Apply financial theory to facilitate overall guidance of an organization and improve day-to-day processes including the interpretation of financial data.
- Ethical Practices: Comply with laws, regulations, and financial principles while developing and living by a personal code of ethics.
- Communication: Compose and report clear and accurate financial information to stakeholders.
Professional Competencies
In addition to the discipline-specific outcomes, professional competencies are integrated throughout your academic program. You can review the professional competencies associated with your academic program in the graduate School of General Education section of this Catalog.
Program Availability
For program availability, please refer to the U.S. State and Other Approvals section and Program Availability Information.
Policy information specific to the Master of Science in Finance program is noted below.
Admission Requirements
You must meet the below admissions requirements in addition to Purdue Global's general requirements.
Prior to enrollment, you must submit an unofficial transcript indicating receipt of a bachelor's degree in finance from an accredited institution or a minimum of 30 semester or 45 quarter credit hours in undergraduate coursework across the Common Professional Components (CPC) to align with Accreditation Council for Business Schools and Programs (ACBSP) accreditation standards. By the end of the first term, you must provide the University with an official copy of the transcript. Refer to the First-Term Responsibilities section for additional information.
ACBSP's CPC include areas such as marketing, management, finance, economics, law, ethics, accounting, globalization, policy, IT, and statistics. If you have completed the required hours and satisfy the other program entry requirements, no additional coursework is needed to enter the master's degree program. If you do not meet this requirement, you will be required to take a Peregrine entrance exam free of charge to assess your knowledge in the CPC areas. If you do not meet the minimum scoring requirement of 50 percent on the exam, you will be required to take a leveling course, comprised of up to six modules, before being enrolled in the program. The required module(s) will be determined by the Peregrine score in each CPC area. You are responsible for the fee for each Peregrine module required.
For example, if you do not meet the undergraduate coursework requirements, and do not receive a passing score on the exam in the IT and finance areas, you would be required to take both module 2 and module 6 (bolded below) of the leveling course:
|Module 1
|Module 2
|Module 3
|Module 4
|Module 5
|Module 6
Instructions for completing the Peregrine entrance exam or modules will be provided by your Admissions Advisor.
If you are granted admission to the program and you do not have an undergraduate degree in finance, you may be required to complete additional foundational coursework, which may include MT217 🌐 Finance, MT480 🌐 Corporate Finance, and MT482 🌐 Financial Statement Analysis, pending review of the situation by the Dean. Candidates to the program must pass their prerequisite courses with a "B" or better to be admitted to the program.
If you possess a bachelor's degree unrelated to business, management, accounting, or finance, you may be admitted with approval from the Dean of the School of Business and Information Technology. The Dean conducts evaluations on a case-by-case basis. The Dean will also identify additional required foundational coursework which must be completed prior to acceptance into the program.
If you are an international applicant, you must submit, prior to enrollment, an official college transcript evaluated for equivalency to a United States college diploma by an authorized school official, appropriate outside agency, or approved foreign credential evaluator. If you possess a bachelor's degree unrelated to business, management, accounting, or finance, you must submit an additional course-by-course equivalency evaluation to determine whether you have already completed coursework equivalent to MT217 🌐 Finance, MT480 🌐 Corporate Finance, and MT482 🌐 Financial Statement Analysis. You are responsible for any costs incurred as a result of this service.
Progression Requirements
- You may not use transfer credit to replace GF599 Graduate Capstone in Finance. This course must be completed at Purdue Global.
- As a newly enrolled student, you may request to test out of GB512 🌐 Business Communications by passing a course assessment with a predetermined score. To register for a course assessment, you must contact your Student Advisor at least 1 week prior to the start of the first term. Refer to the Types of Credit section for additional information.
Certification, State Board, and National Board Exams
Certain state certification and licensure boards have specific educational requirements for programs to lead to a license or nongovernmental certification that is a precondition for employment in a recognized occupation.
Unless otherwise specified, Purdue Global's programs are not designed to meet any specific state's licensure or certification requirements. If certain licensed occupations, vocations, or professions are not explicitly listed, Purdue Global has not made a determination with respect to the licensure or certification requirements of those occupations, vocations, or professions. Licensure-track programs may limit enrollment to students in certain states; please see Purdue Global's Program Availability Information to determine enrollment eligibility.
You are responsible for understanding the requirements of optional certification exams. Such requirements may change during the course of your program. You are not automatically certified in any way upon program completion. Although certain programs are designed to prepare you to take various optional certification exams, Purdue Global cannot guarantee you will be eligible to take these exams or become certified. Your eligibility may depend on your work experience, completion of education and/or degree requirements, not having a criminal record, meeting other certification requirements, or the program or the University itself having appropriate accreditation or licensure.
Upon completion of the financial analysis concentration, you may be eligible to take the Certified Financial Analyst (CFA) certification exam.
If you complete the financial planning concentration and the FP107 course, you may be eligible to take the Certified Financial Planner™ (CFP®) Certification Examination. Certified Financial Planner Board of Standards, Inc., owns the CFP®, Certified Financial Planner™, and federally registered CFP (with flame design) in the U.S., which are awarded to individuals who successfully complete initial and ongoing certification requirements. Purdue Global does not certify individuals to use the CFP®, Certified Financial Planner™, or federally registered CFP (with flame design) marks. CFP® certification is granted solely by Certified Financial Planner Board of Standards, Inc., to individuals who, in addition to completing an educational requirement, have met its ethics, experience, and examination requirements.
The 🌐 icon appears in the title of traditional courses that are also available as a set of module courses. Module course availability may be limited to certain academic calendars. See Course Types for information about module courses.
Program Requirements
|Core Requirements
|🌐 Business Communications
|Financial Institutions and Markets
|Risk Analysis and Management
|Corporate Finance
|Financial Statement Analysis
|Investment and Securities Analysis
|Retirement Planning
|Fixed-Income and Futures Investing
|Portfolio Management
|Graduate Capstone in Finance
|Total Core Requirements
|Open Elective Requirements
|Concentration Courses (see below)
|Total Open Elective Requirements
Concentration Requirements
Concentration courses are completed within the open electives requirement of the degree plan.
Financial Analysis
|🌐 Economics for Global Decision Makers
|Ethics for Financial Professionals
|Financial Strategies for a Global Environment
|Statistical Methods for Decision Making
Financial Planning
|Personal Financial Planning
|Individual Insurance Planning
|Income Tax Planning and Strategies
|Estate Planning


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We're Still Here
glad we made it
=======.. Just taking this chance to say hi and howdy. Got up at sunrise and walked the walk and recalled the good - the bad - and those gone.
.. And, those gone before. It's, of course, a Walmart Monday but we aint shopping. We're not even fishing. Just lolling about the house with some memories and thoughts.
.. What a strange world we live in. Best to you.


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Facts and information about the 2005 Australian Open Tennis
by MairaS on January 15, 2011
in Grand-Slam: Australian Open
Australian Open 2005 was special because the Australian super star tennis player Lleyton Hewitt made it into the finals and the two time runner-up, Marat Safin of Russia finally won the Australian Open final. It was in year 2004 where Safin defeated Agassi in a thrilling semi-final, later to play Federer in the final.
The year 2005 in the Australian Open tournament brought some very interesting facts and records which were not parts of tennis world previously. Here is a sneak peek into the information and facts about the 2005 Australian Open:
1) One of the best female tennis player Serena Williams came strong in the 2005 Australian Open and won the title by defeating Davenport.
2) Donald Young became the youngest tennis player to win the Australian Grand Slam title in the junior event. He was just 15 years and 19 days old.
3) Samantha Stosur and Scott Draper won the mixed doubles title of the 2005 Australian Open.
4) In the 2005 Australian Open women singles title, famous Indian tennis player Sania Mirza became the only Indian woman to reach the third round of this Grand Slam.
5) Patty Schnyder defeated Dementieva. Along with her, another two seeded players Petrova and Anastasia Myskina were also bowed out.
6) Russian tennis player Marat Safin gave away the first set so easily in the 2005 Australian Open men singles title final, but came back brilliantly later to claim it.
7) After Pat Cash, who reached the Australian Open finals in 1987, it was the Australian tennis player Lleyton Hewitt who made his way into the final of Australian Open 2005.
Facts and information about Australian Open Tennis 2004
by MairaS on January 15, 2011
in Grand-Slam: Australian Open
In tennis, it can be interesting to reflect on past events. Many notable occurrences take place within a particular Grand Slam. There are certain facts and records that are overlooked by many of us but they do make for interesting parts of the tournament. Australian Open is one such grand slams that has offered several different records, events and facts that will definitely interest any avid tennis fan.
Here is the information and facts detail about Australian Open 2004:
1) Names previously unknown to tennis fans, Nenad Zimonjic and Elena Bovina won the open mixed doubles title of the 2004 Australian Open.
2) Fabrice Santoro and Michael Llodra won the 2004 Australian Open doubles title for the second year, beating the Bryan brothers in the final.
3) Famous female tennis player Amelie Mauresmo withdrew from the 2004 Australian Open quarter final while she was among the top ten female tennis players at that time.
4) Three American famous female singles tennis players Lindsay Davenport, Lisa Raymond and Chanda Rubin made their way into the Round of 16 of Australian Open 2004.
5) Four American men singles tennis players Andy Roddick, Robby Ginepri, Andre Agassi and James Blake reached the Round of 16 in the 2004 Australian Open.
6) Justine Henin-Hardenne, being the top seed player in 2004, won the third Grand Slam, i.e. Australian Open 2004 after defeating Kim Clijsters.
7) Russian male tennis player Marat Safin snapped the 26-match win streak of Agassi at the Australian Open by defeating Agassi in the thrilling semi-final of Australian Open 2004.
8) Among the top ten seeded male tennis players in 2004, Carlos Moya withdrew before the the 2004 Australian Open event.


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IFALDA Mission Statement
To Coordinate the Professional efforts and to represent the Professional Interest of the various Aircraft Dispatcher / Flight Operations Officer Member Associations on a Global Level
The International Airline Flight Dispatchers' Conference
& IFALDA's 59th Annual General Meeting
EUFALDA's Annual General Meeting
Toronto, Canada (YYZ) Date: May 5-7, 2020
Visit our Meeting & Events page
Join us in Toronto!
Toronto (YYZ) Hotel Information
Information coming soon
Toronto (YYZ) Hotel Information
The Four Points by Sheraton
6527 Airport Rd., Mississauga, ON L4V 1E4
CAD $139/night- good for 2 days prior and 2 days after (2 queen or 1 king)
free WIFI
Registration for AGM 2020 – YYZ - coming soon!
Questions: Email us at email@example.com
Information About Future Meetings:
IFALDA Board Meeting - DFW - October 7, 2019
Time: 10:00a - 12:00n
Location: Marriott DFW South
Presentations from IFALDA / EUFALDA AGM 2018 - ATL
Henk Hof - Eurocontrol - GADSS & TBO
News and Updates
An Update from Russ Williams
President, IFALDA
IFALDA - State of Nation - 2017
IFALDA - ADF Summit 2017
A message from Russ Williams
The Passing of Bryan Schock, IFALDA VP West /
Delta Air Lines Dispatcher
|On Thursday August 2nd, 2018, we lost our good friend Bryan Schock. He battled health issues for most of his life, but was blessed with the spirit of kindness, a sense of humour and an always present smile. We knew him as a passionate aviation enthusiast, who loved his job as a Flight Dispatcher with Delta Airlines. He loved being involved with IFALDA and proudly served as our Vice President West from May of 2017. We can literally say that "Bryan went to Washington" when he attended the FAA/EASA Safety Aviation Conference this past June, representing us as IFALDA. Bryan was a proud Father to Avery and always spoke of her fondly. He cherished spending time travelling with her and his wonderful wife Julie. Our collective hearts go out to his family and many friends. We are grateful that we got to know you. Keep watching over us and the many airplanes from your new vantage point. Goodbye my friend!
IFALDA News Letter
Sign up for IFALDA newsletters
Latin America / South America Region
FAA Reports:
Signatures on a Dispatch or Flight Release - Part 121 Operations
Preventing Injuries Caused By Turbulence
(Date posted: April 27, 2017)
AC 91-70B - Oceanic and Remote Continental Airspace Operations
(Date issued: October 4, 2016)
FAA TC-15/20 Measuring Energy Release of Lithium-ion Battery Failure Using a Bomb Calorimeter
(Date posted: March 23, 2016)
FAA Safety Alert for Operators
Carriage of Spare Lithium Batteries in Carry-on or Checked Baggage
(Date posted: October 20, 2015)
FAA issues Safety Alert for Operators to prevent wrong runway takeoffs
(Date posted: January 15, 2015)
Air Navigation
Global Air Navigation Industry Symposium GANIS/2
NAT OPS Bulletin 2018_003 Waypoint Insertion Verification Special Emphasis Items
NAT OPS Bulletin 2018_004 Implementation of Performance Based Separation Minima-Expanded Publication of PBCS OTS
NAT OPS Bulletin 2018_005_rev 01 Special Procedures For In-Flight Contingencies in Oceanic Airspace
Stornoway VOR NATS Info
NATS VOR Replacement Programme
Date issued: March 21, 2017
Trial Implementation of 25 Nautical Mile Lateral Separation Minimum in the ICAO North Atlantic Region
(Date posted: October 9, 2015)
Recommended use of ARINC 424 Identifiers for Half-Degree Waypoints in the Gander Oceanic Control Area
(Date posted: October 9, 2015)
How Busy is the NAT?
(Date posted: February 12, 2015)
NAMEUR 31 Report - April 24 - 26, 2018 Chicago
NAT2 ACA Presentation
ICAO Electronic Bulletins:
ICAO EB 2018/41 24/08/18 - ICAO Course Developers and Instructors Standardization Meeting - New Delhi, India, 24 to 26 October
ICAO SL 2018.18E - Approval of Amendment 6 to the PANS-TRG RPV Licensing
ICAO EB2018.11 - Transition to RNP Chart Instrument Approach Depiction
ICAO Circular 353 AN/209 - Transition Planning for Change to Instrument Chart Identification from RNAV to RNP
Application of the Provisions of Annex 9 - Facilitation To Relief Flights Destined for the North American and Caribbean Regions
Resolution of Significant Safety Concerns - Uruguay
(Date posted: March 2, 2016)
Transport of Lithium Batteries as Cargo by Air
(Date posted: October 9, 2015)
ICAO SL 15.44.E Amendments Data-Link
(Date posted: June 12, 2015)


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Metronidazole is antibacterial and antifungal. It is used either on its own or in combination to cure inflammatory diseases, endocarditis, dracunculiasis, giardiasis, trichomoniasis and amebiasis. It can only treat certain parasitic and bacterial infections of the vagina, respiratory tract, skin and joints. Metronidazole is sold under the trade name of Flagyl and Flagyl ER.
Like all medicines there are certain associated side effects with the usage of Metronidazole which are dizziness, headache, upset stomach, abdominal pain, vomiting, nausea, reduced appetite, either diarrhea or constipation, blurred vision, clouded thoughts, fever, irritability, aggression, depression, difficulty speaking and breathing, skin rash or redness, a burning sensation, blisters, sore throat, darkening of the urine, rapid or irregular heartbeat and mouth ulcers to name a few. Should the side effects continue or worsen overtime, contact your health care provider right away.
Before starting Metronidazole treatment you should consult with your doctor and tell him/her if you have any allergies, have liver, nerve disorders or blood cell disorders, stomach or intestinal infections such as Crohn's disease, epilepsy or other kinds of seizures, if you're pregnant or are planning to become pregnant. In case you are nursing a baby the use of Metronidazole is not recommended as it may pass into breast milk and cause harm to the infant.
Metronidazole comes in both capsule and tablet form. The dosage will be prescribed by your doctor determining your age, gender, overall health and the severity of your condition. The usual dosage in adults for a bacterial infection is about 7.5 mg orally every 6 hours over a period of 7-10 days. And if you are taking it by infusion then the advised dose is about 15 mg once for 1 hour daily over a period of 7-10 days as well. Dose for other treatments vary from one person to another. In case of drug overdose, seek medical attention immediately.
AmebiasisMetronidazole is used in the amebiasis which is a parasitic infection that affects the intestine and amebic liver abscess caused by Entamoeba histolytica.
Bacterial VaginosisMetronidazole is used in the treatment of overgrowth of bacteria in the vagina caused by Lactobacillus species.
Bacterial InfectionsMetronidazole is used to treat the infectins caused by bacteria in blood, lungs, genital areas caused by Bacteroides fragilis and Clostridium species.
Surgical ProphylaxisMetronidazole is used to treat infections that may cause after surgery.
Blurred Vision
Burning Or Tingling Sensation Of Hands And Feet
Vaginal Irritation
Loss Of Appetite
Yellow Colored Eyes Or Skin
Change In Taste
How long is the duration of effect?The effect of this medicine lasts for an average duration of 24 hours.
What is the onset of action?The peak effect of this medicine can be observed in 1 to 2 hours.
Are there any pregnancy warnings?This medicine is not recommended in the first trimester of pregnancy to treat bacterial vaginosis and trichomoniasis. It can be used in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy only if clearly needed.
Is it habit forming?No habit forming tendencies were reported.
Are there any breast-feeding warnings?This medicine is known to excreted through the breastmilk. It is used in breastfeeding women only if clearly needed. Breastfeeding should be avoided for 24 hours after single-dose maternal treatment. Monitoring of candidal infections and diarrhea is necessary.
Missed Dose instructionsIf you miss a dose of Metronidazole, take the missed dose as soon as you remember. If it's almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose. Do not double your dose to make up for the missed dose.
Overdose instructionsSeek emergency medical treatment or contact the doctor in case of an overdose.
United States
Below is the list of medicines, which contains Metronidazole as ingredient
This medication works by entering into the organism and forms the free radical. A concentration gradient is created in the organism due to alteration in the molecule and promotes the influx of the molecule. Thus, the free radical and the altered molecule will interfere with the DNA synthesis and stops the growth of the organism.
Whenever you take more than one medicine, or mix it with certain foods or beverages, you"re at risk of a drug interaction.
Interaction with Disease
DiseaseInformation not available.
Interaction with Alcohol
EthanolConsumption of alcohol is not recommended in patients with Metronidazole. Any symptoms of the fast heartbeat, warmth, headache, and breathing difficulty should be reported to the doctor.
Interaction with Lab Test
LabInformation not available.
Interaction with Food
FoodInformation not available.
Interaction with Medicine
WarfarinMetronidazole may increase the concentration of warfarin and increase the risk of bleeding. Inform the doctor if you have any bleeding disorder. Any symptoms of unusual bleeding, blood in stools, headache, and dizziness should be reported to the doctor. An alternate class of medicine should be considered based on the clinical condition.
Ethinyl EstradiolThe desired effect of contraceptive pills will not be achieved if these medicines are taken together. Appropriate dose adjustments or replacement of the medicine should be made under the doctor's supervision.
AtorvastatinThese medicines may increase the risk of nerve damage if given together. Any symptoms of numbness, tingling or burning sensation in feet, hands should be informed to the doctor. An alternate medicine should be considered based on the clinical condition.
DisulfiramMetronidazole is not recommended in patients receiving disulfiram due to the risk of confusion and psychotic symptoms. Inform the doctor if you are receiving these medications. Any symptoms of change in behavior, irritation, and altered coordination should be reported to the doctor.
Ques: What is Metronidazole?
Ques: What are the uses of Metronidazole?
Ques: What are the Side Effects of Metronidazole?
Ques: What are the instructions for storage and disposal Metronidazole?
Lybrate is a medium to provide our audience with the common information on medicines and does not guarantee its accuracy or exhaustiveness. Even if there is no mention of a warning for any drug or combination, it never means that we are claiming that the drug or combination is safe for consumption without any proper consultation with an expert.
Lybrate does not take responsibility for any aspect of medicines or treatments. If you have any doubts about your medication, we strongly recommend you to see a doctor immediately.