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Topic Page: Indentured servants
Indentured servitude was a system of bound labor in which individuals contracted to provide their master with a given number of years of labor in exchange for the payment of their transportation to the New World and their living expenses during the period of indenture. Critical to the survival of the British colonies in America, indentured servants had a profound impact on early American political development. Between one-half and two-thirds of all the immigrants to North America during the colonial period were brought over as indentured servants. In stark opposition to the firmly entrenched aristocracy in Europe, their presence helped prevent the creation of a hereditary nobility in the colonies by laying the foundations for a more fluid social mobility in colonial society. Perhaps most significant, however, indentured servitude established bound labor, including black slavery, as the foundation of colonization and therefore of much subsequent American political, social, and economic development.
Several factors facilitated the introduction of indentured servitude to the North American colonies. First and foremost was the English drive for colonial expansion, which in areas such as the colonies in the American South and the West Indies resulted in the creation of large plantations dependent on labor-intensive agriculture. The labor supply required was available because of changes in the structure of English society during the sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries. Throughout this period, England had undergone rapid population destabilization as the breakdown of feudalism displaced large numbers of people. By the time plans were being formulated for establishing permanent settlements in the New World, English society had a large population of poor that was viewed as a potential supply of labor to the colonies. Imperial policy initially viewed the removal of such "rabble" to the colonial frontier in positive terms; consequently, powerful members of the upper classes and government enabled their transportation to North America through the support and financing of capitalist colonization ventures. This positive outlook began to change after the 1650s as mercantilist economic concepts started to be applied to human populations—members of the English upper class began to resist the idea of allowing a significant portion of what could be a domestic labor supply to be moved to the colonies.
The vast majority of the first waves of white indentured servants, both men and women, were English; most, however, were young men aged 15 to 25. Some criminals were given reprieves and sent to North America instead of to the gallows. Later, Scots, Irish, French, and German immigrants joined the influx. Most prospective indentured servants, with essentially no place in European society, went willingly. All that was required was a finite period of bound labor, with the promise of land and social mobility as incentives. Not all indentured servants, however, were totally without social standing; indeed, some were of moderate social rank but could not afford passage to the colonies any other way. Some were artisans who had fulfilled apprenticeships in Europe and possessed trade skills; others, such as schoolteachers, were relatively well-educated. Not all indentured servants, however, went willingly. A black market emerged in servants who had been kidnapped or otherwise forcibly impressed into servitude—many of these were children.
Following initial settlement in 1607, the Virginia Company implemented the first experiments with colonial servitude. The company drew on well-established English traditions of bound labor but in the process created a uniquely colonial institution. English indentures were quite short, usually no longer than a year and agreed upon through verbal contract. In contrast, colonial servants' indentures were more formal and for longer duration. These servants signed written contracts for periods up to seven years or, in rare cases, decades or even a lifetime. Furthermore, colonial masters could choose to sell their servants' contracts before their term of indenture had been completed, an act of purely economic function unheard of in England. The specific requirements of the colonial labor market, for the most part, had indentured servants performing unskilled agricultural labor, although masters would sometimes agree to teach indentured children a trade.
Prospective indentured servants entered into a contract in three main ways. Initially, the contracts were agreed upon in Europe as a prerequisite for passage to the colonies. The impossibility, however, of prospective servants contracting directly with colonial masters before leaving Europe led to the practice of the actual contracts being made in Europe with merchants, ship captains, or emigrant agents. In later years, it was not uncommon for servants to arrive in the colonies without a preexisting indenture. Once their ship entered port, they were sold directly to waiting masters. The third way in which prospective servants entered into an indenture agreement evolved as the redemptioner system. Redemptioners usually traveled in families, whereas other indentured servants almost always traveled individually. Redemptioners were granted the option of paying only a part, or perhaps even no part, of the cost of their passage, but were instead given a short time after arrival to acquire the necessary money by making their labor available to whomever would hire them. If they were unable to earn sufficient funds, the captain of the ship on which they had sailed could sell the redemptioner for a term of indenture to acquire the remaining balance.
Although white indentured servants had greater access to legal recourse than did black slaves, they did not enjoy the full spectrum of English rights their masters possessed and could not enter into marriage, engage in transactions involving property, vote, or even travel freely. Because of their indentured status, they were viewed as property; white servants could often be treated with the same degree of contempt and even physical abuse as black slaves. Furthermore, the colonies provided harsh living conditions for servants. Mortality rates were excessive, especially during the earliest years of colonization. Some estimate that perhaps only one-tenth of all servants actually ultimately achieved successful, property-owning lives; the vast majority either returned to Europe, succumbed to disease, fell into poverty, or died while in service. Nevertheless, indentured servitude did not pose insurmountable obstacles for social mobility in the American colonies, and many impressive success stories were recounted. The system therefore provided a mechanism for establishing a fluidity of social mobility in colonial society that was absent in European societies, a fluidity that profoundly influenced the subsequent development of American society and government. Although every aspect of colonial life could be harsh and brutal, indentured servitude provided perhaps the only realistic opportunity available for Europeans seeking a new beginning and social advancement. Indeed, the concrete prospect of success is what beckoned so many to the New World during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries.
Indentured servitude played a central role in populating the colonies and fueling their economies. At the beginning of the eighteenth century, a mere 250,000 Europeans lived along the entire Eastern seaboard, whereas by 1775 approximately 2.5 million colonists were present; this tenfold increase was fueled almost entirely by the system of indentured servitude. Between 1718 and 1775, nearly fifty thousand "convicts and vagabonds" from Britain and Ireland alone entered the colonies as servants. Indentured servitude did not, however, assume the same degree of economic importance for the colonies in the North as it did for the colonies of the South. The Puritan North, reluctant to accept many strangers into its midst and lacking extensive plantations, never received as massive an influx of servants as did the South. The Southern colonies' dependence on agricultural labor from the first years of colonization established a pattern and precedent that would eventually allow black slavery to become a critical feature of the region's economy even as white servitude declined.
Indeed, the economic centrality of white servitude was not destined to last. Servants were often viewed as lazy, rebellious, and inefficient, while freed servants were regarded as downright dangerous, as they no longer had the moralizing effects of labor to keep them docile. Although Bacon's Rebellion (1675) in Virginia was superficially an uprising by servants and small farmers on the frontier against the Indians and Gov. William Berkley, its consequences were much more far-reaching. It dramatically exacerbated the perception among planters that white indentured servants were too dangerous to be relied on as a dependable source of labor. The rebellion not only highlighted the independent and antiauthoritarian willfulness of white servants on the Virginia frontier, but also, in conjunction with shifting economic advantages, helped lead Southern planters to the conviction that the continued enslavement of blacks would provide an economically sound and more easily managed supply of labor. Servitude, defined by limited duration of labor and greater access to political rights than slavery, therefore assumed a racial identity based on whiteness, whereas the institution of slavery coalesced around lifelong, hereditary bondage based on blackness.
Other factors also contributed to the decline of indentured servitude. As the eighteenth century progressed, an increasingly powerful ideology of republicanism began to pervade the colonies. This sentiment eroded the traditional base of deference and social hierarchy upon which white servitude inevitably relied; consequently, servants became increasingly unwilling to accept the boundaries of their status and grant their social superiors deference. This, in conjunction with the increasing centrality of black slavery, led to the decline of indentured servitude as a significant sector of the colonial economy. By the time of the American Revolution, it had ceased to retain any real economic weight. Having served its initial and primary function of populating the early colonial outposts and fueling their economies, white servitude was further undermined by the Revolution itself. In the fiercely egalitarian environment of republican ideology that characterized the newly formed United States, the numbers of indentured servants continued to decline, and, by the early decades of the nineteenth century, the institution had effectively ceased to exist.
Perhaps the most significant impact of indentured servitude during the period up to 1783 is that it enabled the survival of the British colonies in North America by providing a constant labor supply. Furthermore, it established the precedent of bound labor as being central to the colonial economy, an assumption on which black slavery would eventually come to rest. The discrepancy between the Northern and Southern colonies' demand for agricultural labor created a set of circumstances that would later be magnified as black slavery became established and supplanted white servitude. In the broadest perspective, therefore, indentured servitude can be viewed as one of the factors that influenced the geographically unbalanced development of American political, social, and economic institutions, and therefore set the stage for civil war less than a century after the Revolution.
- Good Wives, Nasty Wenches, and Anxious Patriarchs: Gender, Race, and Power in Colonial Virginia. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1996. .
- White Servitude in Colonial America: An Economic Analysis. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1981. .
- American Slavery, American Freedom: The Ordeal of Colonial Virginia. New York: W. W. Norton, 1975. .
- Government and Labor in Early America. New York: Columbia University Press, 1946. .
- "To Serve Well and Faithfully": Labor and Indentured Servants in Pennsylvania, 1682-1800. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1987. .
- Colonists in Bondage: White Servitude and Convict Labor in America, 1607-1776. Gloucester, MA: Peter Smith, 1965. .
- Bound Over: Indentured Servitude and American Conscience. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1985. .
- The Radicalism of the American Revolution. New York: Vintage Books, 1993. .
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text: A small faceted earthenware bowl. On the outside, alternate facets have been covered in white slip, and then the whole outside is glazed with a clear, highly reactive cryolite based glaze. Where sliipped, this jut has a silk glaze, but on the bare clay it has reacted with the the iron in the clay to form a lush rich honey colour that has flaked off in some places to leave a matt dark brown, slightly textured surface. . Inside is finished with a silk glaze over a white slip.

subset: commoncrawl


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Despites the tablets, The Daily died
"The Australian-born media mogul thought he could launch a new breed of news product from scratch. But in his quest for bold digital efficiency, he failed to see that a news product with no history, no breadth, no soul, no character could only face an uncertain future." So noted Frédéric Filloux about The Daily, the first news app for the iPad which, after costing Rupert Murdoch $80 million, was unplugged yesterday.
The thing is, the canny Filloux wrote his pre-obit on 16 July this year. Almost six months later, following reports that The Daily's life support was being switched off, Jeff Jarvis argues in the Guardian that it wasn't worth paying for: "Though it looked quite nice and its content was competent, that content was all-in-all just news and news is a commodity available for free in many other places. Larry Kramer, publisher of the much-larger USA Today, just said with admirable candor that he can't put up a pay wall online because his product 'isn't unique enough'. Ditto The Daily."
For publishers staking their future on tablet devices, the death of The Daily sends an ominous message, says Felix Salmon at Reuters:
"As far as news and journalism are concerned, the verdict is in: tablets aren't a new medium which will support a whole new class of publications — there's almost nothing you can do well on a tablet that you can't just put on a website and ask people to read in a browser. Publications of the future will put their content online, and will go to great lengths to ensure that it looks fantastic when viewed on a tablet. But the tablet is basically just one of many ways to see material which exists on the internet; it's not a place to put stuff which can't be found anywhere else."
Web wins. But it should be noted that Ben Johnson rebuts Salmon along the line here. "But there's much, much more to publishing on the iPad than just blindly reproducing antiquated print metaphors, and there are plenty of developers out there doing amazing things with the medium," he writes, and adds: "Publishing for a single platform, whether print, web, or the iPad, is a foolish move, and I think we knew that before The Daily was excised from News Corp.'s balance sheet. But to write tablet publishing off entirely due to one poorly-planned app from a massive traditional publisher would be terribly short-sighted." The search for the viable successor to print continues.Tweet


text: Two friends come together in an intimate, musical conversation covering the history of modern jazz. Woodwind virtuoso Anat Cohen makes music that blends jazz and folk styles from Brazil, New Orleans, New York, Eastern Europe and Israel. Fred Hersch is an eight-time Grammy Award nominee and a revered figure among jazz's piano elite. His low-key demeanor belies a restless, searching spirit, melodic genius and a distinctive keyboard style that has influenced countless musicians.


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Hi all!
My name is Beatrice and I am the newest administrator on this website! I plan to post fairly regularly and about a variety of subjects. Hopefully by adding another person we can expand the number of topics able to be discussed on this website and therefore expand our audience.
I am a very laid-back person, as you'll probably be able to tell about my writing style. Some of the things I enjoy include politics, science and literature, so you'll hear a lot about those. I also love to watch movies, listen to music, eat and sleep. My goal is to write about a variety of subjects as to appeal to the common reader.
I am happy to be starting on this new journey with you all, and look forward to communicating with you again soon.
Best Wishes,
Beatrice Owen


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Newcastle-based architectural practice, Jane Darbyshire and David Kendall Ltd (JDDK) have appointed a new director, Kevin Turnbull.
Kevin, who lives with his wife and two children in Sunderland, has been with the practice since 1992 after working for various firms in the region.
With a background as an architectural technologist, his specific responsibility will be to oversee the technical output of production information and to take charge of the Heath & Safety issues involved in the practice's work.
He said: "I'm obviously delighted to be appointed to the board of a practice with such a high profile. The working environment and quality of design here is excellent and the fact that I have a technical background shows the mutual respect that the various disciplines within the practice have for each other.
"Health and Safety issues are now of vital importance to everyone involved in construction, especially with the CDM regulations helping to ensure that buildings are designed so that they can be safely both built and maintained.
"It is the duty of architects not only to work within the regulations, but also to extend the process to both the client and the contractor, so the H & S aspect to my own position is very important as part of our collaborative approach to all projects."


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SAWIA turns 175 in style
The South Australian Wine Industry Association held its 175th Anniversary Dinner on the 8th of October at the National Wine Centre. The room represented many of the legends of wine, an assortment of industry professionals, the SA Governor and several State and Federal MP's.
Some months ago I commenced working with SAWIA Events and Courses Coordinator Marina Goldsworthy to see what we could do for the evening using AV resources, music, video clips and room theming to create a special feel this big event.
In conjunction with Joe Fuchsen from Scene Change, the AV provider for the National Wine Centre, we setup lighting and vision systems to give the audience a more immersive experience.
We also produced a 13 minute loop of video with historical images covering the first 175 years of the wine industry.
The nights entertainment was provided by Ellie Foster and her quartet of jazz musicians which created a great mood in the room throughout the night.
The highlight came later in the evening with a panel discussion on stage between MC Keith Conlon and a selection of legendary wine figures with hundreds of years experience between them.
Approximately 150 guests from all wine regions of South Australia attended this prestigious event.
The night was a great success and shows what can be achieved by combining some great elements together in a cost effective and visually spectacular outcome.
We continue to support SAWIA in many key activities and are proud of the ongoing working relationship that includes, video, web and other project support.
Dear Jon
On behalf of the members of the South Australian Wine Industry Association, and all of the staff, I wish to record our sincere thanks for your participation and desire to achieve the best possible outcome for last Thursday night in recognition of our 175 anniversary.
Your participation and involvement is now part of our association history and I thank you most sincerely for taking the time and effort to make it all happen. The night has certainly created memories that will be talked about in the future.
My best wishes to you.
Brian Smedley
Chief Executive
Services provided for this event included:
- Project Mangement
- AV support and consultation
- Provision of Musicians
- Slideshow support
- Logistical management of AV activities on night
- Video production of looping slideshows
- Video production during evening filming the event speeches
Photo credits: Front page of website and featured image Grant Nowell


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Know more about this business than we do? Cool! Please submit any corrections or missing details you may have.Help us make it right
Be the first AL.com user to add photos or videos of Gunderson Rail Service
Gunderson Rail Service can be found at Boxcar Ln 459. The following is offered: Cargo Services. The entry is present with us since Sep 8, 2010 and was last updated on Nov 14, 2013. In Dothan there are 24 other Cargo Services. An overview can be found here.
Gunderson Rail Services Inc is located at 459 Boxcar Ln in Dothan and has been in the business of Services, Nec since 2010.
Gunderson Rail Services Inc is located at 459 Boxcar Ln, Dothan, AL. This business specializes in Hardware & Tools.
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Published at Tuesday, April 16th, 2019 - 23:37:37 PM. Worksheet. By Denisha Vincent.
Other skills. Concentration and focus are built through working on dot-to-dot drawings. Completing a dot-to-dot drawing shows the benefits of hard work – and in a fun way.
Developmentally Appropriate Activities, There are many active, and far more interesting, ways for children to begin understanding words and numbers than via worksheets (Mason, 1986). A classroom with a developmentally appropriate curriculum is a print-rich environment. The walls are covered with signs naming objects, stories children have dictated, lists of words they have generated, pictures they have painted and labeled, and charts of classroom jobs (such as feeding the pet and passing out napkins for snack). At the small motor activities table there may be sandpaper letters to feel and puzzles to complete. Creative activities may include squirting shaving cream onto the table and having children make designs and write their names. And always there are many books to explore, examine, wonder about, listen to, and love as they are read aloud. In these ways, children learn that reading and writing are useful skills, not simply tedious activities adults invent to make school boring. It takes a lot of experience with words and print for children to understand why it is good to be able to read.
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Subscribe To Why Pixels Actually Built A Life-Sized Donkey Kong Set Updates
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In the upcoming movie Pixels, a show-stopping face off between Adam Sandler and his band of Arcaders and the film's big bad boss, in the form of Donkey Kong, is the set piece to beat. As I found out while sitting down with the cast, as well as director Chris Columbus, I learned more about just how this sequence was brought to life. Check out the exclusive video below for more info.
The most interesting thing about Chris Columbus' decision to build the entire Donkey Kong set, ladders and all, is that it helps to enhance the reality of the world Pixels inhabits. Up until that point in the film, we've seen these characters interact with our world, but to really drive the point home we get to see members of the human race cross over to the other side. The result is a spectacular set piece that Columbus admits could have almost been a completely digital fabrication. He said:
The directorial toolbox of CGI right now enables you to do anything, so there was some temptation to do the whole Donkey Kong sequence as a complete CGI sequence. But I thought it would be amazing to build these sets and have the actors on harnesses actually jumping and doing all the work themselves, and then add the CGI later.
Considering Chris Columbus comes from the last decades of filmmaking that relied on practical effects, while seeing the exponential evolution of digital effects, it's no surprise that his approach was a more hands-on strategy. His decision pays off, as when I saw the members of the Pixels cast running around, wielding hammers, and hanging off of steel girders, it was actually believable. This not only helps sell the reality of the sequence to the viewer, but it also helped sell the cast on the moment they were trying to convey, as other members of the cast confirmed.
In addition to confirming that filming the Donkey Kong scene was as massive an endeavor as it looked, Kevin James and Michelle Monaghan gave some insight into what the set was like during the shoot, as well as massive praise to Chris Columbus for his direction of such an effects heavy sequence. James said:
Everything you see in the Donkey Kong game was built to scale…the ladders were steel, you'd bang your shin, you'd have to move in real time.
Monaghan added:
It was a lot of fun, but it was an intense set, and there was a lot of tennis balls.
The tennis balls Michelle Monaghan references are, of course, the traditional placeholders for effects that will be added digitally in post production, so hearing her make the connection of the massive Donkey Kong being represented by a respectively tiny tennis ball was funny as well as informative. Though James took the cake, as a gag about him replacing his whole family with tennis balls as practice was peppered into the production notes distributed to the press.
So how did the final sequence turn out? Well, besides seeing it for yourself when Pixels opens, you can take Josh Gad's word for how awesome the sequence was, as he visited the set and got an eyeful of action. He said:
It was insane because they built the actual layers and platforms. The set was incredible, and just seeing those guys avoiding the barrels was the craziest thing. There was all this wire work involved.
If words still aren't enough to sell you, then you can take a look at a video that Columbus himself shared on Instagram during the sound mixing process a couple of months ago.
The amount of craft and skill that went into the production of Pixels will surprise even those who are still skeptical of the film, because for a movie that seemed like an easy write off when it was announced, it's an entertaining ride. We'll discuss this further in our full review, but for now we'll say that at the very least Pixels impresses with a hell of a Donkey Kong showdown as its finale.
Pixels opens this Friday in theaters nationwide, but you won't have to wait that long for more Pixels action as we've got more from this weekend's media event, as well as a review of the film and its 3D treatment, forthcoming.


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Banbridge Hockey Club's Eugene Magee saw his Olympic dream fulfilled this week when he was selected as part of the Irish Men's squad bound for the Rio Olympics.
Magee saidthat he was 'honoured' to have been selected in the squad for the Rio games.
"It's great to have the squad finally decided," Eugene commented.
"Every athlete aspires to be up there, and the Olympics are the pinnacle of sport in general. To be amongst those going to the Olympics is an honour and a privilege.
"Everybody is over the moon, I have had a lot of help and support from my family and friends, this is as much there's as it is mine," he said.
Despite Magee's joy, there was Olympic heartache for Banbridge star Matthew Bell, who was not included in Coach Craig Fulton's final squad for Rio.
Eugene said he had briefly spoken with his teammate.
"It's important for him to deal with it himself first. He obviously wished us all the best, but he's gutted to not be in it.
"I feel for him, he's played some excellent hockey and just missed out. I guarantee he has an important future in Irish hockey."
Magee says that Ireland are targeting a place in the top 4 of their pool.
"We want to finish in the top 4 of the group," he commented.
"Apart from Canada, every other team is ranked above us," Eugene explained. "But we have played every team there and have learnt alot about ourselves and them, too.
"Hopefully we can hit the right form on the day. Our first aim is to finish in the top 4, from the quarter finals anything can happen."
The Banbridge man is also looking forward to having full Olympic experience, enjoying the opening ceremony and life in the Olympic village.
"The Olympics is so unknown to us," he said. "We've heard alot of hype about Rio, so I'm excited to see what it's going to be like.
"The surroundings and atmosphere will be special.
"I owe a lot to my coaches and my friends and family that have supported me.
"Total Hockey and various others have supported me throughout the Olympic preparation.
"I'm grateful for that support," said Eugene.


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If your business is faring well during this economic slowdown . . . congratulations are in order and by all means . . . keep up the good work. However, before you get too comfortable with your success, there is something that you may not have thought of and is well worth considering.
There are a lot of companies that are in trouble right now and like it or not, one of those companies may be one of your suppliers. The recession is having an impact on every market, every business and every person. Some manage better than others but the fact remains the recession fairies show no favoritism and can take down the most secure of businesses as quickly as you can say General Motors.
In order to protect your business, profits and assets, it is advisable that you to do a little research on the companies that provide products and services to your business to insure that you are not caught up in a situation that could cripple, if not devastate your financial security. check their website for more updates.
If you have suppliers that are in dire straits and fighting for survival, your company may be left without products to sell which forces your customers to go elsewhere. Once gone, it will be hard and expensive to get them back. Brokers may be forced to raise prices to you to make ends meet and that added expense may be more than your company can bear. It would be a shame to have all of your hard work building your business jeopardized when a little preparation on your part could have made a difference.
Put on your Sherlock Holmes cap and get to work identifying which, if any, of your providers may be struggling to keep their doors open for business. The vendors that deliver merchandise or the customer service reps at the brokerage house may be well coached and talk a good game in regard to the stability of their company or they may not know how the company is doing at all. Do what you can to find out about potential product discontinuations, price hikes, and changes in manufacturing processes that could affect the quality of merchandise. If your dealer is having layoffs, cutbacks, or pricing increases that seem unusual, this may be a sign that there is a problem.Visit http://insurancenewsnet.com/oarticle/2014/08/25/combine-solicitation–winch-drum-power-operated-a-547531.html for more detailed information.
Take the opportunity to surf the internet for similar products or find other retailers that carry similar products from different vendors or manufacturers. It may be advantageous to have a backup plan in case you should need to seek other contractors as an alternative. Obtain pricing structures, ordering policies, shipment details and make sure that you research their financial stability as well. Be prepared to change suppliers should the need arise and don't be left in a panic about what to do should worse come to worst. The old saying goes, "An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure". Prepare, protect and profit. suppliers should the need arise and don't be left in a panic about what to do should worse come to worst. The old saying goes, "An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure". Prepare, protect and profit.
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Why POTS is a Big DealThose who have POTS know how much of a life-changer it can be. Most of us were very active before we became ill.
Doctors write off POTS because it "isn't life threatening," aside from the danger of fainting and getting injured in the process. They advise us to drink lots of water, take salt pills, take beta blockers, and wear compression stockings. Unfortunately, more often than not, this just isn't enough.
Do doctors understand how serious POTS is? I believe that some do, but most don't. I was recently talking with a friend that told me her heart rate goes up 70+ beat per minute just from going from sitting to standing. Her doctor insists that nothing is wrong and that it is "just anxiety." That just breaks my heart. And I know that her story is all too common for POTS patients.
There is nothing normal about having your heart rate go up that fast from simply standing up. And there is definitely nothing normal about fainting regularly.
Before I became ill with POTS, I was exercising all the time. It wouldn't be rare for me to go skiing, cycling, and rock climbing all in one day. Fitness was a passion of mine. Then one day, I became dizzy warming up for a climbing competition. I didn't think too much of it, other than that I must be coming down with something. Little did I know that this sickness would continue for well over a year (and still continues).
My tolerance for exercise was gone overnight. Every time I tried to exercise, I became out of breath, light-headed, and faint. That can't be normal.
When I get out of bed in the morning, I feel close to passing out. When getting ready for work, my heart rate is often 150+. I can feel the blood rushing to my ankles and it hurts to be standing. That can't be normal either.
It's an awful feeling that I just can't seem to escape no matter what I try.
I tell my story to illustrate the effect that POTS is having on people. I've had several other chronic illnesses such as: celiac disease, anemia, mono, and TMD. None have even compared to the challenges I face with POTS.
According to research, many POTS patients have a similar quality of life to those that have heart failure. This to me shows how big of a deal POTS is.
I know that there are doctors that treat POTS seriously, and I am so thankful to them. This illness so very real and is affecting many people. I hope that one day doctors will find a cure, and that we will get our quality of life back.
Please like my Facebook Page here: https://www.facebook.com/gonetopots.rachael/
Other Posts you May Enjoy
Invisible Illness: https://gonetopots.com/being-invisibly-ill/
Mayo Clinic Trip: https://gonetopots.com/mytriptomayoclinic/
The Thought of Never Getting Better: https://gonetopots.com/never-getting-better/
How to Stay Positive with Chronic Illness: https://gonetopots.com/staying-positive-with-chronic-illness/


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When Cash Is King
Cash is king. At least for the moment.
Data Source: S&P Dow Jones Indices.
In the first quarter of 2018, short-term Treasury bills finished higher while both the S&P 500 and 10-Year Treasury bond declined. The greatest fear among many investors is that this trend will continue.
Is this a rational fear? How often has cash outperformed stocks and bonds historically? Let's take a look.
We have annual data on stocks (S&P 500), bonds (10-Year Treasury), and cash (3-Month Treasury) going back to 1928.
Since then, cash has been the top performer in only 13% of calendar years. As your holding period increases from 1 year to 30 years, the odds of cash being king declines from 13% to 0%. The opposite is true for stocks, which have been the top performer in 61% of 1-year periods, 80% of 10-year periods, and 100% of 30-year periods.
Data Source: Stern.NYU.edu/~adamodar
If the odds of cash outperforming are so low, why hold it at all? Because you may not have a 20-year holding period or you may not have a high enough risk tolerance to hold through short-term volatility in stocks and bonds.
Cash is the only asset class that will guarantee you a return of principal in the short run. While bonds do pretty well on this front they will at times lose out to cash during periods of rising interest rates. We saw that in 2009, 2013, and thus far in 2018.
When was the last time cash outperformed both stocks and bonds in a single calendar year? Way back in 1994. Which means that investors under 45 have never seen it and investors over 45 probably don't remember it.
Note: Calendar year total returns.
The trade-off from the safety that cash provides in the short run: lower long-term returns. Cash has annualized at 3.4% since 1928 versus 4.9% for bonds and 9.7% for stocks.
For investors with a 1-year holding period, accepting these lower returns is often the most prudent option, as both stocks and bonds could very well decline over that time period. But as your holding period increases beyond 10 years, cash makes less and less sense, as the probability of earning a higher return from stocks and bonds increases significantly.
Another way to look at this is to compare the maximum and minimum returns for stocks, bonds, and cash over various holding periods. What we find is that all 3 asset classes show a much lower variability (max – min) of returns in longer holding periods as compared to shorter holding periods.
Note: data is using calendar year total returns, annualized for periods greater than 1 year.
For instance, the best 3-year period for stocks was 30.8% annualized while the worst 3-year period was -27.3%. That's a spread of over 58%. Contrast this with the best and worst 30-year periods for stocks at 13.6% and 8.0%, a 5.7% spread.
In bonds, the spreads are less dramatic than stocks but show a similar narrowing as your holding period lengthens.
When the range of possible returns is wide, as is the case for shorter holding periods in stocks and bonds, cash is a more attractive option. As that range narrows with time, stocks and bonds become a higher probability bet.
Is cash more likely to be king in the years to come?
With elevated valuations in stocks and low yields/rising rates in bonds, perhaps this will be the case in the short run (1-3 years). But in the longer run (20+ years), it is unlikely that cash will beat a riskier portfolio of stocks and bonds. That's not to suggest that holding some cash to sleep at night, for emergencies, or to withstand the higher volatility in stocks/bonds is a bad idea. I don't think it is. But you probably shouldn't be rooting for that cash to be your best investment. An environment in which cash is king for any long period of time is not going to be a good one for investors.
Related Posts:
What Real Returns Should Bond Investors Expect?
Inflation, Deflation, and Bond Market Returns
Still Easy After All These Years
Charlie Bilello is the Director of Research at Pension Partners, LLC, an investment advisor that manages mutual funds and separate accounts. He is the co-author of four award-winning research papers on market anomalies and investing. Mr. Bilello is responsible for strategy development, investment research and communicating the firm's investment themes and portfolio positioning to clients. Prior to joining Pension Partners, he was the Managing Member of Momentum Global Advisors and previously held positions as a Credit, Equity and Hedge Fund Analyst at billion dollar alternative investment firms.
Mr. Bilello holds a J.D. and M.B.A. in Finance and Accounting from Fordham University and a B.A. in Economics from Binghamton University. He is a Chartered Market Technician (CMT) and also holds the Certified Public Accountant (CPA) certificate.
In 2017, Charlie was named the StockTwits Person of the Year. He is a frequent contributor to Yahoo Finance and has been interviewed on CNBC, Bloomberg, and Fox Business.
You can follow Charlie on twitter here.
Pension Partners, LLC is a federally registered investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940. Registration as an investment adviser does not imply a certain level of skill or training. The oral and written communications of an adviser provide you with information about which you determine to hire or retain an adviser. For more information about Pension Partners please visit: https://adviserinfo.sec.gov/ and search for our firm name.
The information herein was obtained from various sources. Pension Partners does not guarantee the accuracy or completeness of such information provided by third parties. The information given is as of the date indicated and believed to be reliable. Pension Partners assumes no obligation to update this information, or to advise on further developments relating to it.
Past performance is not indicative nor a guarantee of future results.
This writing is for informational purposes only and does not constitute an offer to sell, a solicitation to buy, or a recommendation regarding any securities transaction, or as an offer to provide advisory or other services by Pension Partners, LLC in any jurisdiction in which such offer, solicitation, purchase or sale would be unlawful under the securities laws of such jurisdiction. The information contained in this writing should not be construed as financial or investment advice on any subject matter. Pension Partners, LLC expressly disclaims all liability in respect to actions taken based on any or all of the information on this writing.
The Standard & Poor's 500, often abbreviated as the S&P 500, or just the S&P, is an American stock market index based on the market capitalizations of 500 large companies having common stock listed on the NYSE or NASDAQ.
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We Need to Talk About Your Eyeliner
There are some look-at-me trends going on with eyeliner. Whether you're into bold strokes or more comfortable walking on the edge of a trend, I have something for you. The new liners and the looks that are shown using them are…
Tonya Riner
Tonya Riner started doing makeup as a teenager in her two-stoplight hometown in Kansas. From there, she declared herself a professional, and has spent the last twenty-five years on fashion shoots and shows, on both coasts, and in Europe. Tonya's work has been featured in Harper's Bazaar and Vogue. She was included in Allure Magazine's Directory as one of the best makeup artists in the United States. Her long list of celebrity clientele includes Heidi Klum, Erin Wasson, Julie Anderson, Rachel Hunter, Chandra North, and Lauren Bush. Backstage, she has worked alongside Frederic Fekkai and Ted Gibson. She was a member of the beauty team for Beyonce's Blow video. For Tonya, one of the most rewarding parts of her job is spending time, one-on-one, with models and clients. She finds that ordinary barriers fall away within minutes of the start of a makeup session, leaving space for instant intimacy and the shared pursuit of beauty. Connecting with extraordinary people from all walks of life fuels her passion for her work. As a consultant, Tonya works with creative teams to devise strategies for beauty brand product development, most recently for the company, Beauty for Real. She enjoys working with products from both the manufacturing and marketing ends. Moving forward, she would like to be instrumental in the development of the kinds of beauty products she, herself, would want to use.


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I am pretty lucky that my gym has a nice variety of classes. They even offer some express classes that provide a quick and effective 30-minute workout. One of my favorite express classes is Kettlebells. The same teacher that teaches HIIT also teaches Kettlebells so I know I will always have a great workout after hitting the gym for 30 minutes. Courtney also incorporates kettlebells into her cycle fusion classes which is a hybrid spin class that offers off the bike intervals of work using different types of equipment.
One thing I love about Kettlebells is that each class is different which keeps things interesting. Kettlebells are my favorite at-home equipment-mainly because this is the only workout equipment I have besides a treadmill- but regardless I love the full body workout you can get from them. I also like that different weights can be used. I like to use a heavier kettlebell for two-handed swings and move to a slightly lighter kettlebell for one handed moves. One recommendation is to not wear a watch or bracelets to this type of class!
What surprises me the most about attended kettlebell class or even creating my at-home kettlebell workout is how my legs get so sore! While kettlebells can be a total body workout- your legs do the majority of the work!
DISCLAIMER: As you see some of the kettlebell moves below I have included some pictures to help you see how the move actually goes- all picutres were found on google images and I take zero credit for the creation of them 🙂
If you were to attend a Kettlebell class here is what you can expect:
Warm up: Two handed swings, single handed swings, overhead swings—the overhead swings really get your heart pumping! It is amazing how a move that is simple and is using mainly legs can really get you out of breath!
Time to Work: Different swings or moves are done for either time (1:00 minute) or a specific number of reps. The teacher may create a circuit that is done 2-3 times depending on length of class. Here are some sample moves we have done in class:
- Push Ups (while this move is not much different than a regular push up it does require more focus on your core with the extra balancing piece)
- Turkish Get Ups or a Half Get up (this is a serious core move and I love it) The key to this move is to always keep your gaze at the kettlebell!
- Variations of Squats (In class we will do a traditional squat, or put the kettlebells in rack position (near the shoulder) and add a lift at the top of the squat- again since this requires lifting the kettlebell above the heart it will get your heart pumping fast! You could also do a squat with an upright row. The options here are endless!
- Kettlebell Halo- Again another move that seems easy but is giving your core a run for its money!
Working Cool Down: After spending around 20 minutes on a variety of different swings/moves we return to the original wings to end class.
I could spend a lifetime sharing with you all the different kettlebell moves out there and still miss a lot. I hope from this post you at least get an idea of what a kettlebell class is all about. Pinterest is full of full body kettlebell workouts and I have been successful by mixing and matching different swings to make a challenging workout that I can do right at home.
In a recent email from Fitfluential.com The Kettlebell Bombshell shared this kettlebell workout! With a name like The Kettlebell Bombshell she would most definitely be an expert to check out and follow if you want to learn more about this equipment!
Real Simple (my favorite magazine) also has some tips, as well as a sample routine to get your started! Be sure to check it out here! Bodybuilding.com also did some research and put together The 6 best Kettlbell Exercises– thanks bodybuilding.com 🙂
Have you ever used kettlebells? What is your favorite swing/move?


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Published at Monday, April 15th, 2019 - 01:40:31 AM. Worksheet. By Bernadine Michel.
Do you have students with great artistic abilities? Let them shine as they complete worksheets by asking them to draw or complete art projects. They could label items or talk about other ways that the art applies to the subject. Technology Usage, Rather than completing a worksheet, have students complete an assignment on a website or app. Since students enjoy working on tablets, this could be a fun way for students to practice a new skill. Combined with Engaging Activity, Use the worksheet to prepare students for a fun and engaging activity. Right before you play a review game, lead a discussion, introduce a project, or provide students with a real-world experience, have them complete the worksheet. This gives students information that they can use to make the activity more meaningful to them. Don't just let your students fill out worksheet after worksheet. Instead, create fun teaching worksheets that can keep students engaged in the material. Use these tips to make them more interesting to students, so they can make the most of the assignment.
Conclusion, There are two fundamental problems with worksheets. First, young children do not learn from them what teachers and parents believe they do (Kostelnik, Soderman, & Whiren, 1993). Second, children's time should be spent in more beneficial endeavors (Willis, 1995). The use of abstract numerals and letters, rather than concrete materials, puts too many young children at risk of school failure. This has implications for years to come. Worksheets and workbooks should be used in schools only when children are older and developmentally ready to profit from them (Bredekamp, S. & Rosegrant, T., 1992). Our challenge is to convince parents and others that in a play-based, developmentally appropriate curriculum children are learning important knowledge, skills, and attitudes that will help them be successful in school and later life.
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Any content, trademark's, or other material that might be found on the Inotivity website that is not Inotivity's property remains the copyright of its respective owner/s. In no way does Inotivity claim ownership or responsibility for such items, and you should seek legal consent for any use of such materials from its owner.


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Is CM Amma Jayalalitha Jayaram Dead? Latest News, Live Updates, Death or Alive Rumors?
:- Tamil Nadu Chief Minister J Jayalalithaa endured a heart arrest+ late on Sunday. She has been put on a heart help gadget. Jayalalithaa has been in escalated mind since September 22, after she grumbled of fever, drying out and clog. It had been declared on December 4 that she had made a full recuperation.
"She is being dealt with and observed by a group of specialists, including pulmonologists, cardiologists and basic care experts," said Subbiah Viswanathan, COO of Apollo Hospitals, where Jayalalithaa has been accepting treatment.
Later, the hospital tweeted, "She was put on extracorporeal layer heart help gadget (a heart pump) and is being dealt with by a group of master specialists and basic care experts."
The 68-year-old AIADMK supremo was admitted to the healing center for treatment of fever and drying out on September 22. The specialists later said she required a more drawn out healing center remain as she was experiencing disease, and put her on respiratory support. As indicated by Apollo Hospitals, a group of master specialists — cardiologists, respiratory doctors, experts for irresistible sicknesses, diabetologist and endocrinologist — treated her Apollo Hospital Dr Subbaiah Viswanathan said in an announcement.
CM Amma Jayalalitha Jayaram Live Updates
A group of specialists including UK-based intensivist Dr Richard Beale and specialists from All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, containing pulmonologist Dr G Khilnani, anaesthesiologist Dr Anjan Trikha and cardiologist Dr Nitish Nayak, joined the group of specialists at Apollo Hospitals to treat her. Before long, she was on a consistent, yet high-protein, eating regimen and given latent and dynamic physiotherapy.
On November 19, specialists moved her to a customized room which had offices of an emergency unit, respiratory support. The room was a stage down emergency unit, sort of extension between the emergency unit extraordinary ward or home. Other than ventilation, it was outfitted with meds and hardware for crisis mind.


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Democratic presidential candidate Bernie Sanders is hoping to tap the long history of liberalism and progressive politics in Wisconsin as he pushes his campaign into Republican Gov. Scott Walker's backyard.
Sanders has booked the downtown Alliant Energy Center with the goal of filling its 10,000 seats to show his bid to snatch the Democratic nomination from front-runner Hillary Rodham Clinton isn't a longshot after all. In a conference call ahead of his speech Wednesday night, Sanders told reporters that 9,500 people have said they expect to attend.
Sanders, a 73-year-old self-described democratic socialist, is trying to appeal to the most liberal Democrats with his message of raising the minimum wage to $15 an hour, bridging the gap between rich and poor, and raising taxes on the wealthy and Wall Street.
Madison, the state's reliably liberal capital and home to the University of Wisconsin, has its own White House hopeful in Walker, who is preparing to enter the crowded field of GOP candidates. The governor is expected to make his announcement on or shortly after July 13.
Sanders said in Tuesday's call with reporters that he was "strongly opposed" to Walker's agenda.
"We need leadership in this country that stands up for working families, that is prepared to take on the big money interests today that have so much power and so much influence, that we need to strengthen the trade union movement in this country, not break it," Sanders said. "I suspect that Gov. Walker's views are very different than that."
Walker criticized Sanders in a statement issued Wednesday in advance of Sanders' speech.
"Bernie Sanders is right about one thing: We don't need another Clinton in the White House," he said. "On virtually every other issue, however, he stands in stark opposition to most Americans. Wisconsinites have rejected his top-down, government-knows-best approach three times in the last four years."
Walker's statement is a reference to his three election victories since 2010. He won election, defeated a recall in 2012 and then won re-election. His victories have helped fuel his all-but-certain run for the White House.
Sanders has built his underdog campaign on blunt talk about the economy. In addition to advocating a $15-an-hour minimum wage and raising taxes on the rich, he also supports a massive government-led jobs program to fix roads and bridges, a single-payer health care system, an expansion of Social Security benefits and debt-free college.
Republished with permission of the Associated Press.


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There is something about the peace and quiet of a barn at night, when it is dark out that really puts you at ease…horses munching on their hay, the warmth of the inside of the barn when you come in from a chilly evening, the barn kitties sleeping on the blankets that were left on the aisle floor (yes, I am guilty of doing that on occasion…leaving a blanket on the floor, not sleeping on a blanket left on the floor!)
And then, when you are feeling completely de-stressed and you don't have a care in the World because you are with the horses…the odd occurrences start. You know what I mean…
The feeling like there is someone RIGHT behind you, when you KNOW you have been the only one there for the past 90 minutes.
When all the hay munching stops and the horses all start staring in the same direction at ….nothing?
When the sleeping barn kitties jump straight up off the blanket, run down the aisle and sit starting at the closed tack room door….
When you have to walk 1/2 km (1/3 of a mile?!) to turn your horse out into the pitch black after you ride, and you are certain there is someone following you back to the barn ready to jump out at you at the first chance they have…
I dunno – call me crazy perhaps – but on more than one occasion I have creeped myself out – alone at the barn late at night – in the dark.
So, on Monday night, I was riding at about 7:45 and the last of the of the lesson kids had left about 20 minutes prior. Our Indoor arena is fantastic – brightly lit, it stays half warm in the winter time and has a heated viewing room up in the loft that over looks the arena. Know what I mean? My current horse is an almost 4 year old OTTB who is pretty low key.
While the filly is undoubtedly the most athletic thing I have ever sat on, sometimes I wonder if she is even a TB at all as she is so laissez-faire about EVERYTHING! It really is not a great surprise at all to me that she was trained for the track, but never raced. She probably thought she was too pretty for that anyways.
As we are turning through the corner at the far end of the arena, coming towards the barn and the viewing room, I
thought I saw see a shadow cross from one window to the other up in the viewing room. The filly immediately stops dead in her tracks, throws her head into my face like a giraffe, blows air out her nostrils and refuses to move.
Well, she moved sideways and backwards – but that wasn't what I was wanting her to do. After a good 10 minutes – I'm not exaggerating – I FINALLY was able to get her moving forward again even though she decided it would be more fun to sidepass around the corners at the barn/viewing room end of the arena instead of bending through them like a normal horse. I couldn't shake the goosebumps either for the remainder of our ride. And the filly was definitely not pleased with the atmosphere in the arena after that.
Needless to say, I got out of there as quickly as possible,
Oh – I forgot to mention…the barn is on farming land that has been owned and operated by the same family for centuries. The gorgeous old farmhouse – where the family still lives – can be creepy on the brightest of days in the middle of summertime. I wonder if one of the Burnham's great great great great great great(?) grandparents decided they felt like keeping me company….
What creepy stuff has happened to you Horse Junkies – alone, at night, in the dark, at the barn…?


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Yesterday Apple released iOS 7.1.2 for iPhone, iPad and iPod touch. Its an incremental update that mainly features bug fixes and stability improvements. Though there was the possibility that Apple may have patched the exploit used by Pangu's iOS 7.x untethered jailbreak. It has now been confirmed that the exploit hasn't been patched in this update, so those who had been holding out on the update can go ahead and download it, once done they can apply the jailbreak again.
Granted that the Pangu jailbreak comes from a team that has no track record that the jailbreak community is aware of, but it happens to be the only publicly available untethered jailbreak for iOS 7.x. While others have shown off their own jailbreaks they haven't actually released any of them to the public.
Initially the only caveat with Pangu was that the jailbreak would install a Chinese pirated apps store on the device once the procedure was done. Installing cracked applications on an iOS device falls in a legal as well as a moral grey area and its not something that many people approve of.
Earlier in the week the team updated Pangu and now it longer installs that store for users who have English set as the default language. Moreover the jailbreak tool now has support for Mac OS X.
Filed in iOS 7, Jailbreak and Untethered Jailbreak.. Read more about


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Sept. 28, 2011
NEW LONDON, CT-Junior midfielder Vanessa DeMelo (Fall River, MA/Durfee HS/CCRI) scored on a free kick with two minutes and 50 seconds remaining to lift the University of Massachusetts Dartmouth's women's soccer team to a 3-2 victory over host Mitchell, in a non-conference match at Alumni Field Wednesday afternoon.
Demelo took the free kick from outside the box and curved it into the net to break a 2-2 tie.
Sophomore forward Erica Jonasson (Wrentham, MA/Tri-County HS) put UMD on top, converting passes from freshman midfielder Danielle Gauvin (Fall River, MA/Durfee HS) and freshman midfielder Maura Gonsalves (Dartmouth, MA/Dartmouth HS) 10 minutes and 48 seconds into the first half.
The Mariners tied the game at 12:16 on an own goal, but Gonsalves converted a penalty kick after a Mitchell foul in the box to put UMD ahead, 2-1, at 13:08. Mitchell tied the score when Maariyah Lombardo headed home a free kick by Angie Smith at 17:11. The score remained tied until Demelo's late goal.
"We outplayed them, maintained possession, and everyone played well," said UMass Dartmouth Head Coach Nicole Hanewich. "Vanessa DeMelo's goal was definitely a clutch goal. We've lost several close games this season, and it was nice to pull one out at the end. It was nice to come out with a win, and it gives us momentum going into Saturday's game against RIC."
The Corsairs out shot the Mariners, 26-5. Sophomore goalkeeper Krista Chauvin (Seekonk, MA/Seekonk HS/Stonehill) made two saves for UMD, while Kaylee Woodford stopped 14 shots for Mitchell.
UMass Dartmouth improved to 6-4 with the victory, while Mitchell dropped to 3-2 with the defeat. The Corsairs will return to action when they host Rhode Island College Saturday.


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Classic CAUSA 267 Morgan
Disqus Below | Continue to Tour | Member Login
When Morgan appeared on CAUSA, he was active duty military stationed in the Valley. Today, he's 29 and now lives on the East Coast. This was Morgan's last shoot, and here's what I had to say in July 2008:
Morgan's back for more, and as I'm sure most of you know, I think this 20 year old, military boy is some dayum-good Hot Chocolate! When he emailed me this week to say that he'd like to do another video, I knew that I needed to get him to go further in his sexploration. I first tried for actual penetration with the slimline silver bullet vibrator, but Morgan shot back that he wasn't ready for penetration. So, I figured that I could make this video just as erotic & sensual without actually sticking the vibe IN his hole.
I was so-o-o-o-o right!
Even though I do have a full grasp on reality and know that Morgan continues to shoot vids because he likes the extra income, I do also believe that somewhere in the dark recesses of his mind despite his "I'm straight" protestations, he likes having his body & cock worshipped by another guy. If that weren't the case, then Morgan would not have been on the edge of orgasm over and over and over again throughout all three shoots — with this shoot being no exception.
Thankfully, repeated reminders to relax & enjoy himself finally got through to him, and Morgan looked a lot less like a deer in headlights during this shoot. Though I could see that he was a little apprehensive when I had him on his back and brought his knees up to his chest to expose his virgin mangina.
And let's just say that as with his cock Morgan's protestations about being straight & not into this or that, the same was true of his manhole. From his first time being rimmed (and let me just tell you that made my year) to his first time having a sex toy pressed up against his back door, Morgan's involuntary responses told a whole other story!
When my face wasn't buried in his ass and the silver vibe was working its magic, I could see Morgan's closed eyelids fluttering like a hummingbird's wings, and as soon as the toes on his feet curled tighter than a pair of Spanx on Oprah's thighs, I knew that dear ol' Morgan had found his 7th Heaven! LOL! (Note in May 2017: this must be one of my now-favorite sentences! lol)
That's when I decided that was the position I wanted him to be in during orgasm because I knew that it'd be one of the best cumshots on video and for Morgan's pleasure. Both were true, and of course, his response when asked about it, "it was different."
Uh…huh… Different, I'm sure, as in, "I'm going right out and finding some nasty chick to hook up with who'll eat my ass and ram me with her strap-on. All. Night. Long."
Then again, maybe that's just my fantasy for Morgan. 😛
We'll find out the next time he's ready to do another video and Morgan wants to the slimline silver vibrator IN him and not just ON him.
CB ~ Casey Black ~ Messing. With. TexAZ. ©
#clubamateurusa #causa #model4causa #caseyblack #rubntug #gaymassage #eroticmassage #sexploreyourcuriosity


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Scott Swygert
Founder, Owner, & Master Brewer
Honky Tonk Brewing Co. is Scott's baby. Scott manages all brewery operations, from recipes and brewing, to equipment installations, to plumbing, welding, social media….taxes. Scott built the brewery from the ground up, one piece at a time. This guy does it all.
Tim Ryan
Tim is the most recent addition to our team! You can find him in the brewhouse milling grain, pitching yeast, taking gravity & sniffing hops. When it comes to brewing delicious, crafty ales…Tim does it all.
Sam Walker
Sales Manager- firstname.lastname@example.com
Sam manages all beer sales in the Davidson County market. His day to day is meeting with restaurant, venue, bar Owners, GMs and Bar Managers to get Honky Tonk beer placed on draft at as many local accounts as possible…while forming lasting relationships and providing top notch customer service. Sam also organizes and attends events and handles branding and marketing initiatives.
Matt Gaydar
Assistant Brewer/Cellarman
Matt is our hands on brewer, he spearheads every brew day. He see's all our beers through to completion, all the way from milling the grain to chilling & carbonation. Matt also handles equipment installation and tank sanitation.
Zach Sheffler
Cellarman/Delivery Driver
Chances are you've seen Zach driving around town in "The Green Monstah" delivering our beer to customers. Zach handles all deliveries in Davidson County and is in charge of monitoring inventory supply, filling and cleaning kegs.
240 Cumberland Bend
Nashville, TN 37228


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- News
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A base listing is only $295 for 30 days.Q. What do I get for a base listing?
A base listing promotes your opportunity within the local business journal career center. Jobs can be found by keyword searches across our entire site and by selecting job categories within the career center. You can select up to 3 job categories that fit your job opening so you can make sure it gets the needed exposure.Q. How do candidates contact me to apply for my job?
When posting your job there is an option for candidates to either email a cover letter and resume to the designated email address or apply directly on your website.Q. Can I post job listings for multiple business journal markets?
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Yes, we have Featured job listings. This places your job above base listing results within the career center sections and includes a company logo and shading. In addition to the career center features, your job is cross-posted to the homepage, article pages, and daily update emails for your local business journal.Q. How much does a Featured job cost and how do I make my listings Featured?
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Easy to play. Clean design. Challenging. Addictive.
May drive you crazy with frustration.
Bottom Line
Don't let the neat, easy-to-use design of Blocked fool youits 100 levels can severely challenge your brain.
Creator Joel Rosenberg based Blocked, his simple and challenging $0.99 (direct) puzzle game for the iPhone and iPod touch, on the popular online game Rush Hour. In it, you use your device's touch screen to shift around rectangular gray blocks until a blue block can escape the enclosure in which it's trapped. Understanding the game is trivial, but playing can be difficulteach block can move only left and right or up and down, depending on its orientation. This combination makes for an engaging, insanely addictive game.
Blocked groups its 100 challenges into five collections according to their difficulty: easy, medium, hard, harder, and hardest. Within a group you can complete the levels in any order, and you get a little green check mark for each you finish. But until you complete all 20 levels of one difficulty, you can't move on to a harder set. In two hours, I finished every easy level, but I couldn't imagine how anyone could ever beat the hardest (although it is apparently possible).
Because the game is so straightforward, instructions are minimalthe help consists of one page of animation showing how to play. Unless you get stuck, that is, in which case you can find tips and spoilers for the toughest boards on the Web or on Twitter (@tiptopworkshop). But if its puzzles can sometimes be frustrating, the $0.99 Blocked is a wonderfully maddening distraction that can help you build your brain while you're killing time.
More iPhone App Reviews:
Apple Music
Apple iOS 12
NordVPN (for iPhone)


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three liquid, tasteless formulas that you can give your kitty to support long term immunity. These formulas fight viruses and bacteria. Please click here to learn more about the Asthma and Immune Support Kit:
Wednesday, July 12, 2017
Natural Remedy For Feline Upper Respiratory Infections (URIs)
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Up until the other day I viewed Facebook as a curiouso. I thought of it as another MySpace only a lot more technologically minded, in that it's structure was open and allowed people to contact others with a unique method of causing everyone to enter the system and spreading the word. Even the Home Page of the user screams "viral system".
I personally used Facebook simply because a good friend asked me to join, and then I could be kept abreast of some parties and events they organize and go to. Most of the time I ignored it. Another click and a massive waste of time. Then one day, my nieces, somehow found me on Facebook and sent me messages. Of course they told me not to hit on any of their friends and to change my picture! But they also told me it is boring because I only have one friend listed!
So my nieces became my friends and then my nephew. I was up to four friends! Now, the original person who instigated my joining Facebook to begin with, started bugging me to "get more friends" as well. Relentless, she was. Drove me bonkers.
So one day I log in, and in a moment of madness, I allow Facebook to read all my Gmail contacts, saying to myself, "o.k. out of all these people in my gmail account maybe one or two will show up". Boy was in for a shock. My friends list went from four to Zoom.
So what does this all have to do with Writing?
Ahh two important points here. Here was my big shocker. In my private email account which I used for Facebook, there were quite a few agents, editors etc. Most of these agents I had queried at one time or another. And suddenly, they were showing up as friends in Facebook! Now that may not be astounding for you, but to me it was an eye-opener. And I will try and explain.
You see, I have always looked at the mysterious world of getting published, as being somewhat arcane and behind the times. Just witness the amount of agents who still refuse to accept any query or submission via email and you may get my drift. It also is a very slow moving world. Of course agents, editors and publishers think they move fast enough thank you very much, but truth be told they are no where near to speed as other industries.
Another factor is something I have noticed as well. In my mind I call them the "traditionalists". These are the people who resist any change, any nuance of innovation in the publishing industry. Any type of change smacks of a new way to take advantage of writers. And whereas, readers of Cobwebs Of The Mind know I am a great fan of sites such as Writer Beware, who does an awesome job, I still find much of the way we work and how we work to be in the middle ages.
So yes, I was kind of shocked at this sudden ability to view profiles and gasp!, even pictures of the agents who were second to God to me for much of my writing life (though no more).
And this whole experience got me to thinking about the nature of the game. Publishers and agents will tell you this, without any embarrassment, nor should there be, that if you want to break in to a non-fiction field, you must have what is known as "name recognition". This is just another term for "viral systems". In this case your own name is a "viral" system. Your own expertise. They rely on word of mouth in almost the exact same way that Facebook does.
So if you are an unknown novelist or non-fiction writer, what you must do in your search for a successful career in writing, is create your own "FaceBook". You must "market" yourself. You must be smart and allow people to know who you are and spread your own FaceBook around. This is not a secret by the way. It is simple common sense.
The day your ms. is accepted for publication is the day you need to start being a FaceBook. Not when the book is published, and not even on the pre-publication date. But months before. You need to "spread the word", "create the hype", and put notices up on your "wall" in your own Facebook. How do you do this? That is an excellent question, and I will share one failure which I had in this area.
I run quite a few blogs as hobbies. I am not one of those believers that you are going to make zillions on blogs. Topics of interest to me actually. One of those blogs is named, Help! I Have A Fire In My Kitchen. This blog is described by myself as:
A humorous look into the adventures of a single parent who learned the hard way and with a great deal of trepidation how to cook, feed his children, friends and the rare date with a measure of dignity and (hopefully) good food - Recipes Included! And it is all KOSHER to boot!(No this is not a plug for the blog!) When I began Help! I Have A Fire In My Kitchen, it was a mixture of frustration and just a desire to entertain a few people. Frustration because I had tried to sell a humourous though "real" book on recipes and humor, to the publishers aptly named of course "Help! I Have A Fire In My Kitchen". My agent at the time loved the idea. But I had NO "name recognition" - I had no "Facebook". So the answers came back and almost all said, along the lines, "Great idea. Good reading. But no commercial name recognition."
Lots of terms were used but it all boiled down to "Who the hell is this guy who is writing recipes? Is he famous? Is he on TV or Radio? Is he a famous chef?" Witness the success of the new cookbook by Jessica Seinfeld, Deceptively Delicious, (wife of the famous Jerry Seinfeld).
So on the advice of a friend I just took Help! I Have A Fire In My Kitchen from a book into blog format. And to my total shock, and I do mean complete and total shock, the blog "Help! I Have A Fire In My Kitchen" became famous in just a couple of months. It won awards. It had thousands of hits a week. People from all over the world were submitting recipes, and kosher ones to boot.
So after a few months, I tried again on the book vein. After all, I could now lay claim to the fact that "Help! I Have A Fire In My Kitchen", as a book was a viable and popular project. I could prove it with numbers. To me it was a no-brainer. And guess what? Again I got back:
"Who the hell is this guy who is writing recipes? Is he famous? Is he on TV or Radio? Is he a famous chef?"
My own "FaceBook" still did not make it in the big leagues. It was a frustrating lesson and a depressing one to boot. But a real one. In 99% of the cases, the book is not going to make you famous or rich or sought after - You are going to make the book! In other words: The Book Will Not Make You Succeed - You Make The Book Succeed.
Publishing is moving forward. But your work is not going to become an overnight sensation even if you have a thousand friends in Facebook. You need to create and work on, along with writing your book, your own Facebook. So anyone who told you the business of a new, fledging writer is to write, and only to write, is full of crap. You don't only have to write. You have to sell yourself. You need to create your own unique Facebook.
Oh, and by the way, before I forget. I am Ted Gross on FaceBook. So add me as your friend. My nieces are telling me that I really do need more friends!!!!


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Retro Melamine Mugs
Retro Melamine Mugs
I'm slightly embarrassed to admit it, but this is another set of cups that I had stashed away until I realised that my hoarding for our new home had got out of hand! But you can see why I'd want to hold onto them can't you? They're so cool! I tried to justify keeping them (despite having nowhere to store them!), by saying that we'd need them for when we had kids round, but in truth we seldom have children at our house so that's just desperation talking! Being made of Melamine they are great for kids though – and accident prone adults! The plastic is a bit scratched in places (as tends to happen to older plastic), and the pale yellow mug has a crack on the handle, but on the whole they're not doing too badly for their years.
Dimensions: Each mug measures 9cm tall x 7cm in diameter


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You are here
For a mountainous region, parks are plentiful and surprisingly large, and often lakeside for spectacular scenery and views. From green grass parks to protected provincial expanses, there's something for everyone.
(Some of the park descriptions are courtesy of the City of Nelson.)
Rotary Lakeside Park
This park is the pride of Nelson's waterfront and encompasses almost every outdoor activity that you can imagine. A long beautiful beach, wide promenade, spectacular gardens and large fields for a variety of sports and activites.
Gyro Park
Gyro Park's spectacular viewpoint takes full advantage of its central location and the physical characteristics of the rocky outcrop on which it is built. In the summer months From this vantage point, it's possible to see the beautiful heritage downtown of the City of Nelson spread out in front of you, and the vista up the West Arm of Kootenay Lake.
Cottonwood Falls Park
Located on Cottonwood Creek in the historic Railtown district of Nelson, BC this uniqe park is the perfect setting for a relaxing getawy. Cottonwood Falls rumble in the background, throwing off spray and creating a misty atmosphere.
Skateboard and Bike Park
Rosemont Park is one of Nelson's ready-made green spaces. Untouched in its beauty, it is a great place for a nature walk through the woods without having to leave the city. The Skateboard Park opened in 2014 and from day one was a destination for locals and visitors. The Bike Park has been around for a few more years and warrants a visit if you like the thrill of getting of some air.
Cody Caves Provincial Park
Cave guiding tours at Cody Caves Provincial park are available most of the year. Be sure to dress appropriately as it can be chilly in the caves even on a hot summer day.
- 250-359-2283
- www.codycavetours.com
Vimy Park
This park is multi-recreational with camping, baseball diamond, playground, beach and park space for gatherings both big and small right in downtown Kaslo, BC.
Buchanan Lookout
In the hills of Kaslo this forestry lookout offers a viewpoint unlike anyother, reached mostly by vehicle. An easy hike and drive, well worth the time.
Kaslo Bay Park
Right in the beautiful Kaslo BC nestled in a procted bay you will find Kaslo Bay Park. With a sandy beach, large grass area, and a backdrop the dramatic Purcell Mountain range, this is about as good as it gets. Kaslo Bay Park is also home the the annual Kaslo Jazz ect Festival.
Kaslo River Trail
This trail follows along the banks of the Kaslo River and includes historic foot bridges with remnants of a pioneer dam and wildlife viewing leaving you feeling like you have ventured deep into a darkwoods forest.
Fletcher Falls
On the shores of Kootenay Lake just outside of Kaslo this small but powerful waterfall offers a long sandy beach and a rich deep forest of hiking trails.
Kokanee Creek Provincial Park
This 260 hectare park boasts over a kilometre of sandy beaches and three campsites. There is always lots to do with an adventure playground, visitor centre, spawning channel, boat launch, group camp site, and more!
Kokanee Glacier Provincial Park
The ruggedly beautiful Kokanee Glacier Park offers excellent backcountry adventure for the whole family. The park has two glaciers – Kokanee and Woodbury. The park is home to many hiking trails from a one hour stroll to multi day excursion.
Lions Uphill Park
Lions Park is a neighbourhood park located in the Uphill area of Nelson, at Kootenay and Richards streets. The playground and spray park are popular features of Lions Park.


text: A brief study of the medical and political coverups that prevented the American people from learning that in 1944 they had reelected a president who was dying, from the prolific writer/editor who has created something of a sub-genre of history- -sick presidents (Ill Advised: Presidential Health and Public Trust, 1992, etc.). Ferrell leaves little doubt that by early 1944 Roosevelt was indeed dying. Examined by a leading heart specialist of the time, Dr. Howard G. Bruenn, on March 28, 1944, the president was diagnosed as having severe heart disease. Ferrell questions why such a serious condition wasn't detected earlier and places the blame clearly on the president's primary physician, Vice Adm. Ross McIntire, surgeon general of the US Navy. McIntire, a political appointee, was quite simply an incompetent doctor who over the years examined the president in only the most cursory ways. Still, the president was not the best of patients. He seemed to believe he could will away his maladies and didn't want to know the true condition of his health. FDR or his press secretary, Steve Early, even had J. Edgar Hoover send agents to Bethesda Naval Hospital to quash gossip among the doctors there as to the state of the president's health. Roosevelt, in his last year, worked four hours a day at most, at a time when WW II was approaching its final stages. Ferrell contends that if Roosevelt had been working at full capacity, the course of the war in the Pacific might have been quite different, China might not have become Communist, the Korean War might not have happened, and Nixon might not have resigned. This pushes historical speculation too far and contrasts poorly with the carefully researched narrative of FDR's last days, which is the bulk of the book. Though slight, this volume, based on much previously unavailable documentation, does provide an intimate glimpse of the last days of one of America's greatest presidents. (45 illustrations, not seen)


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Hi All,
I knew I should have bookmarked it....thought I'd be able to find it but can't!
Someone posted a link to a tutorial...it's done in strips, but looks like 1/2 string square and half
solid color. I have my strips ready but can't find the tute! You take the pieced strips, sew top and bottom to
a solid color, then cut out triangles...when you open it up you have a square with strips
on one side, solid on the other. I think it was tricky in the fact that on one side you cut beyond the sewn
line on the other you cut before the sewn line. Thank you in advance for any help!


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A professional MMA competitor since 2000, Duane "Bang" Ludwig fights for the Ultimate Fighting Championships in their welterweight division. He has the official record of Fastest Knock Out in UFC history at 6 seconds. He holds a notable knockout win over former UFC lightweight champion, Jens Pulver. Duane started practicing Mauy Thai when he was just 15 years old, and in 2004 he won his final Muay Thai title where he defeated Thai Mongkhon Wiwasuk by decision after five rounds to claim the I.S.K.A. world title; something Ludwig considers one of his proudest moments. Duane is also founder and head coach of the BANG Muay Thai system, and happily married father of two.
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