text:
Ace High becomes Exmouth Town's all-time SWP League record goal scorer after brace in 5-0 home win
PUBLISHED: 15:03 30 September 2018 | UPDATED: 15:03 30 September 2018
Exmouth Town maintained their 100 per cent Southern Road home record this season with a comprehensive 5-0 victory over Godolphin Atlantic last Saturday, writes John Dibsdall.
Ace High continued his excellent scoring form with another brace to become Town's leading goal scorer in the SWPL with 81 goals overtaking Ben Shephard with 79.
Town dominated this game from start to finish although the opening goal did not arrive until the forty third minute.
Karl Rickard and Nathan Cooper had both seen goal bound efforts saved by the overworked visiting glovesman and Rickard had the ball in the net but was denied by the offside flag.
The resistance was finally broken when an excellent cross field pass from Aarron Denny found High in space to turn the ball pass the on-rushing 'keeper.
The visitors had a player sent off in the 51st minute having collected two yellow cards in the space of four minutes and Town quickly added to their misery when Rickard turned in a Cooper corner a minute later.
High scored his second on 62 minutes, a Jimmy Hinds effort was ruled out for offside and despite some more excellent saves Town scored twice in the closing minutes through Hinds and Denny.
If Town played good attacking football to win the Godolphin game it was a strong defensive performance that ended Plymouth Argyle's 100 per cent home record last Tuesday evening when a solitary strike from Cooper earned Town all three points from the league leaders.
Cooper's goal came on seven minutes when the Argyle defence failed to clear a corner and thereafter Town gave a very organised and disciplined display to deny a youthful but experienced at this level side that has averaged over three goals a game from their fourteen games played.
Whilst the hosts enjoyed the majority of the possession it was not all one way traffic.
Denny was twice denied by Woodbury boy Michael Cooper in the home goal who showed why he has signed a two year professional contract with a top drawer save from a Callum Shipton strike that looked destined for the top corner.
Argyle had hit the post and Town cleared one effort off the line but in the end the effort displayed by every member of the side brought its just reward.
This coming Saturday (October 6), Town are once again at home when they host an Ivybridge side they drew 1-1 with in a midweek meeting earlier in the season.


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Soapmaking Courses
Have you always wanted to learn how to make soap? Well, here's your chance!
Saturday, December 1, 1-4pm I will be running a beginner's soap making class at Bareknuckle Arts Studio at 1949 Winnebago Street. Space is limited to 8 lovelies.
Class Description:
Join Laura Daly from the Madison Soap Company in this soap making workshop. We will learn the basics of cold-process soap making, create 32 ounces of soap ($45 retail value) to take home with you to cure, and felt one bar of Madison Soap Company soap to create a natural but decorative wash cloth to add to your collection.
Soapmaking is a whole lot of chemistry, but also a lot of creativity. Some fun things you may want to bring with you to add to your soap mixture may include finely ground coffee, powdered clays, tea leaves, flower petals. For the top of your soap, you could bring fun things like a small pinecone, a favorite lego piece, a bouncy ball, some scrabble letters, or anything else small that would look incredible sticking out of your soap!
Saturday December 1, 1-4pm, $70 per participant Ages: Adult Only
Bring your own long rubber gloves but all other supplies provided.
About the teacher:
Laura Daly, sole founder and maker at Madison Soap Company, is a public school teacher living in Madison with her two children. Teaching and raising children is very much focused on the long game and making soap is a great way to get some immediately satisfying results. For this reason, Laura started making soap as a therapeutic outlet in 2014 and continues to run her business, Madison Soap Company, because it helps her combine her love for research into creative sustainable solutions to environmental concerns and functional art with a great backstory. Since humble beginnings in 2014, Madison Soap Company has grown to wholesale at major retailers like Metcalfe's Market, Festival Foods and Hy-vee. Along with using Rainforest Alliance Certified Palm Oil, the company started a new initiative in 2018 to plant trees in deforested areas of Indonesia affected by the palm industry.

subset: commoncrawl


text: EXCLUSIVE! The headline in the original photograph reads DEWEY DEFEATS TRUMAN. Yours can say whatever you like... maybe STEVE GETS PROMOTED or JENNY GRADUATES or IT'S A BOY! White shirts are 100% cotton. Imported. Sizes M-XXL. Specify up to 30 characters including punctuation and spaces. Allow 2-3 weeks. No rush delivery or gift box.


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Price from
Between Adelaide and Melbourne, take a road trip through some of Australia's greatest landscapes
Each state has it's own iconic destinations, and this trip takes you to a couple of South Australia and Victoria's – Kangaroo Island and the Great Ocean Road. From Adelaide, hop aboard a ferry and cross to the island that's named after roos but's also home to a heap of native animals like koalas and sea lions. Meet these wild residents at the Hanson Bay Wildlife Sanctuary and Seal Bay Conservation Park, in-between sand boarding the dunes of the Little Sahara, kayaking on the Harriet River, or kicking back on Vivonne Bay beach. Nowhere does rock formations quite like Australia, so marvel at the island's Remarkable Rocks before the big show of the Great Ocean Road's Twelve Apostles and Loch Ard Gorge. Before then you'll change scenery with time in the forests of the Grampians National Park and get a different perspective with a lesson in local Aboriginal history. Be captivated by each twist of the Great Ocean Road's turn, spot wild koalas at Kennett River and stop by some famed surf locations before finishing up in artsy and eclectic Melbourne. This journey is the perfect snapshot of what makes Australia so great.
- Start
- Adelaide, Australia
- Finish
- Melbourne, Australia
- Destinations
- South Australia, Kangaroo Island, Victoria, Great Ocean Road
- Style
- Basix
- Theme
- Explorer
- Code
- Physical rating
- Ages
- Min 18
- Group size
- Min 1, Max 24
Why you'll love this trip
Loll about with the local sea lions at Seal Bay
Give sandboarding a crack amid the white sand dunes of Little Sahara
Take in the impressive coastal views from Remarkable Rock
Koalas are one of Australia's most iconic creatures – make some new furry friends among the gum trees of Mikkira Station and Hanson Bay Wildlife Sanctuary
Take the chance to head beneath the surface, into the crystal clear waters surrounding the Neptune Islands, and face-off with a Great White Shark
Dive at the opportunity to go on a watery play-date with some friendly sea lions, seeing who's got the better moves in the waters around Hopkins Island
Hike through the dense Australian bush and the spot native wildlife that lives in the area
Is this trip right for you?
This trip is made up of two seperate tours and you'll be traveling with a different Guide on each Kangaroo Island and the Great Ocean Road. Each Guide specialises in their region of touring
The Kangaroo Island portion of the trip are two full days of touring. Whilst there isn't too much physical exertion, there are early starts and arrival back into Adelaide on the second day is late in the evening around 10:30pm.
We've got an early start this morning from the Adelaide Central Bus Station (meet at the SeaLink desk at 6.15am for a 6.45am departure), before travelling along the picture-perfect Fleurieu Peninsula to Cape Jervis for the 45-minute SeaLink ferry ride to Penneshaw, Kangaroo Island. While crossing the water, look out over the side of the boat – it's no unusual to be joined by a few dolphins along for the ride. Touch down on the island then make your first stop at Rob's Shearing and Sheepdogs to see firsthand a very Aussie occupation – sheep shearing. Continue on to Emu Ridge Eucalyptus Distillery – the only commercial distillery of the infinitely useful eucalyptus oil in South Australia. Next up is the Seal Bay Conservation Park, where you'll have the chance to see rare Australian Sea-lions up close in a wild breeding colony. From the sea to the desert – head to the white sand dunes of the Little Sahara and give sand boarding a shot, before arriving at our exclusive accommodation in Vivonne Bay Lodge. You'll then have a spot of free time for kayaking on the Harriet River, taking a walk along one of the property's tracks, hopping on a bike, dipping in for a swim, or just kicking back on Vivonne Bay beach. You'll spend the night in eight-person dormitory rooms with shared bathrooms (bed linen provided).
Included Activities
- Rob's shearing and sheepdogs
- Emu Ridge Eucalyptus Distillery
- Seal Bay Conservation Park
- Sandboarding at Little Sahara
Meals Included
- Lunch
- Dinner
Special InformationWe may be able to arrange a hotel pick up from your Adelaide or Glenelg accommodation (selected hotels/hostels only). Please contact your booking agent for more information.
The coach transfer from Adelaide to the ferry is approximately 1.5 hours, with a sailing time of 45 minutes. On the island, you will spend approximately 2 hours in the vehicle with frequent sightseeing. Walking and active time will depend on which optional activities you choose in the afternoon.
Note: Driving time whilst on the Island will be the majority of the day, with constant stops for sightseeing. The ferry Journey is approximately 45 minutes back to the mainland with a journey of 1.5 hours back to central Adelaide. Arrival time will be approximately 10:40pm. Walking distances are several hundred metres at each location.
Included Activities
- Hanson Bay Wildlife Sanctuary
- Flinders Chase National Park
- Remarkable Rocks
- Admirals Arch
Meals Included
- Breakfast
- Lunch
Included Activities
- Mackenzie Falls - Grampians
- Reeds Lookout (The Balconies) & Boroka Lookout
Meals Included
- Dinner
Included Activities
- 12 Apostles & London Bridge
- Koala spotting - Great Ocean Road
- Loch Ard Gorge
Meals Included
- Breakfast
Meals2 breakfasts, 2 lunches, 2 dinners
TransportMinibus, Transfer coach, Ferry
AccommodationDormitory (3 nights)
Included activities
- Rob's shearing and sheepdogs
- Emu Ridge Eucalyptus Distillery
- Seal Bay Conservation Park
- Sandboarding at Little Sahara
- Hanson Bay Wildlife Sanctuary
- Flinders Chase National Park
- Remarkable Rocks
- Admirals Arch
- Mackenzie Falls - Grampians
- Reeds Lookout (The Balconies) & Boroka Lookout
- 12 Apostles & London Bridge
- Koala spotting - Great Ocean Road
- Loch Ard Gorge
Dates & availability
Trip search is unavailable.
There are currently no scheduled departures on our Kangaroo Island and the Great Ocean Road Adventure (Basix) trip. If you are interested in other trips in the region visit one of the links below.
Jump to a departure month
Important notes
1. This trip departs from Adelaide to meet the Kangaroo Island ferry on day 1 from the Adelaide Central Bus Station (85 Franklin Street). Please meet at the the SeaLink desk at 6.15am for a 6.45am departure. Hotel pick ups from central Adelaide to the bus station are available on request.
2. Accommodation in Adelaide on night 2 is at the Adelaide Central YHA, where you will be picked up on day 3 at 7am for the next leg of your trip.
3. This trip also runs in reverse as a 5 day trip. See trip codes PASMC-B
Essential trip information
Want an in-depth insight into this trip? Essential Trip Information provides a detailed itinerary, visa info, how to get to your hotel, what's included - pretty much everything you need to know about this adventure and more.View Essential Trip Information


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S: Rhine Getaway from Amsterdam to Basel
BC: Viking River Cruises a great way of exploring the Rivers of Europe | Dec 2011-Jan 2012
FC: Celebrating New Years 2012 on the Rhine | Rhine Getaway from Amsterdam to Basel
1: Itinerary | Dates Dec 26, 2011 - Jan 3, 2012 Destination: Amsterdam to Basel, Switzerland Dec 26 Left Wichita late in afternoon Dec 27 Flew from London to Amsterdam Dec 28 Kinderdijk Windmills Dec 29 Cologne Dec 30 Koblenz and cruised the Rhine Dec 31 Heidelberg and Speyer Jan 1 Strasbourg Jan 2 Black Forest and Breisach Jan 3 Disembarked in Basel and flew home | Terry Behrendt 9711 Savannah Wichita, KS 67215 | Celebrating New Years on the Rhine
2: American Airline Flight #4194 arriving in Chicago O'Hare airport at 6:50 pm departing at 9:30 pm
3: Arriving in London, they make you wait in the commons area.. and only give the gate number when they are ready to board the airplane. It gave us a chance to shop at Harrods. | Flight from Wichita to Amsterdam-----4685 miles and 17 hours
4: Amsterdam by streetlight
6: Standing below sea level at Kinderkijk in the Netherlands | In the Netherlands it rains 200 days a year and the windmills are used to drain the excess water from the polders. | Kinderdijk | Kinderdijk is situated in a polder at the confluence of Lek and Noord rivers. To drain the polder, a system of 19 windmills was built around 1740 to help with the flooding. Kinderdijk has been a UNESCO World Heritage site since 1997.
7: Windmills were replaced with Archimedes screws to pump water to help reduce flooding.
8: Guten Morgen | Auf Wiedershen
9: Arriving early and docking in Cologne
10: Our local tour guide of Cologne | Great St Martin Church behind the townhouses on Fish Market Street built in the 14th century | Cologne | Home of the world's oldest fragrance company established in 1709 by John Farina. The Cologne is called Eau De Cologne.
11: Walking tour of Cologne, the people are fond of eating alfresco, no matter the weather
12: Cologne Cathedral | Cologne
13: Statue of the Blessed Virgin Mary greets you as you enter Cologne Cathedral
14: The Cologne Cathedral was started in 1248, taking over seven centuries to complete. The most celebrated treasure is the Shrine of the Three Holy Kings which is believed to hold the remains of the three Wisemen. The Cathedral contains many side alters including the Alter of the City Patrons painted in 1442 and the floor mosaic done in 1887
16: Cologne Cathedral | Saint Peter's Bell weighing 24 tons | Only 533 steps to the top
17: Steps leading to the top of the spire | Ascent of tower Height of the tower 475 feet Height scaled 332 feet Number of steps 533 | Breathtaking view from the Cathedral spire | View from the tower | Inside the spire
18: Achtung! | Wo ist das hafen?
19: Marksburg Castle located above the town of Braubach, Germany
20: Marksburg Castle was built in 1117. The only castle on the Rhine never to have been destroyed
21: This stove was the only heat source for the castle | Wine was made in the castle | main bed chamber
22: Church of Our Lady in Obwesel | Schonburg Castle
23: Loreley Rock | Katz Castle | Stahleck Castle | Klopp Castle | The Loreley There's sitting high up in the light A maiden so beautiful, fair Her jewels are glistening bright She combs her gold shimmering hair. I fear there's a crash, the boat sinking, The man will be swallowed and gone, And that with melodious singing The Loreley will have done.
24: Rudesheim
26: Wo sind die Toiletten? | Ein Bier bitte.
27: Heidelberg | Germany's oldest university town
28: Views from the Heidelberg Castle
29: Heidelberg Castle was built in 1214 and expanded into two castles in 1294. Lightning destroyed the upper castle in 1537. Rebuilt in 1650 and damaged again in 1764. The restoration began in 1897 to 1900 for a tourist attraction.
30: Ruins of the Heidelberg Castle
32: Mae Behrendt 9711 Savannah Wichita, KS 67215 | Heidelberg Castle
33: Through the main gate over the moat into the forecourt and castle. | Wine vat holding 58,100 gallons | Forecourt of the Castle
34: Christmas Markets
35: Germany sets up Christmas Markets all along the Rhine for the Holiday season. There is always ice skating, good shopping and plenty to eat and drink like Gluhwein, mulled wine and brats.
38: The different flood stages of the Neckar River
40: Mannheim
41: Speyer
42: 2012 | 2012
43: 2012
44: Out With The Old And In With The New...
45: Celebrating New Years with new friends Refik & Serpil Guran | Auld Lang Syne Should auld acquaintance be forgot And never brought to mind Should auld acquaintance be forgot And auld lang syne. For auld lang syne, my dear, For auld lang syne, We'll tak' a cup o' kindness yet For auld lang syne.
46: Wo ist das Stadtezentrum?
47: Strasbourg, France
48: European Council
49: Celebrating New Years in France | European Council
50: Strasbourg, France | German or French Germany 12 Century French 1681 Germany 1871 French 1919 Germany 1940 French 1945
51: Historic City Centre
52: Strasbourg Cathedral
54: Signs in Strasbourg are in both French and Alsace
55: Roasting chestnuts on an open fire
56: Stores decked out in holiday finery
57: Chandelier Street
58: We were entertained by French Café Accordion Music
59: Cooking demonstration Flammkuchen a traditional Alsatian dish
60: Die Rechnung bitte | Wo ist das Schiff
61: Breisach, Germany
62: Sankt Margen
63: Abby of Saint Peter in the Black Forest
64: Breitnau | Clock built in 1890
68: Captain's Dinner | Captain's Dinner
69: Last night with new friends
72: Fun on the Viking Helvetia | Life at leisure cruising on the Rhine
74: Passing through one of 12 locks on the Rhine
78: That early morning flight everyone loves. We had to rise at 3:00 am, luggage out at 3:45 am, and departed the ship at 4:30 am.
79: EurpAirport------Basel, Switzerland | American Airlines Leaving Basel, Switzerland at 7:15 am Arriving Heathrow 7:55 am 441 miles later Departing Heahtrow 9:45 am Arriving Dallas 2:05 pm 4751 miles later Departing Dallas 3:55 pm Arriving Wichita at 5:05 pm 340 miles later Total 5532 miles and 17 hours flying time to home What an adventure....


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Welcome to the online home of East Chinnock Under Fives Pre-school....
East Chinnock is a friendly, happy preschool situated in the picturesque village of East Chinnock, close to Yeovil. Based on the playing fields and surrounded by beautiful Somerset countryside, children learn in an inspiring outdoor environment supported by caring and highly qualified staff.
Children are eligible to attend from their 2nd birthday. You can also join us with your baby or under 2s for our integrated Toddler session on Thursday mornings. Giving you an opportunity to meet staff and familiarise yourself with the setting before your child starts.
"Children are confident and enthusiastic to learn" "all children make good progress"
"Staff are kind and caring and support children's emotional well-being effectively"
(Ofsted 2017)
We hope you find our website useful and are able to find all the information you need. If you require further information you are always welcome in the setting, or simply contact Kay by phone or e-mail as detailed in the Contact Us page.
East Chinnock Pre-School Playgroup is an independent group which works closely with East Coker Pre-school, for the good of the local and wider community, to provide comprehensive care and education for the under fives. If you would like more information on East Coker please use the link....
Parents as Partners
Our setting recognises parents as the first and most important educator of their children. Parents are regarded as members of our setting and have full participatory rights. These include being valued and respected, being kept informed and consulted, involved and included at all levels. As a community-led, voluntary-managed setting we also depend on the goodwill of parents and their involvement to keep going. Parents are very welcome to help at sessions on a rota basis; regular help may require CRB checks. However during your child's first weeks this can prove to be unsettling and may best be left for a while.
As part of the Group's policy to ensure its provision meets the needs of each individual child, we take account of any
special/additional needs a child may have and work to the requirements of the 1993 Education Act and the
Special Education Needs and Disabilities Code of Practice (2014).
We are registered with Ofsted to deliver the Early Years Foundation Stage for Learning and Development through play.
"Staff are interested in the children, listen well and value what they say"
" Children show that they enjoy spending time with staff"
(Ofsted 2017)
Release your child's potential


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|Life of
Isaac Newton
Isaac Newton (4 January 1643 – 31 March 1727)[1] was considered an insightful and erudite theologian by his contemporaries.[2][3][4] He wrote many works that would now be classified as occult studies and religious tracts dealing with the literal interpretation of the Bible.[5]
Newton's conception of the physical world provided a stable model of the natural world that would reinforce stability and harmony in the civic world. Newton saw a monotheistic God as the masterful creator whose existence could not be denied in the face of the grandeur of all creation.[6][7] Although born into an Anglican family, by his thirties Newton held a Christian faith that, had it been made public, would not have been considered orthodox by mainstream Christianity;[8] in recent times he has been described as a heretic.[9]
Christian orthodoxy[edit]
Newton was born into an Anglican family three months after the death of his father, a prosperous farmer also named Isaac Newton. When Newton was three, his mother married the rector of the neighbouring parish of North Witham and went to live with her new husband, the Reverend Barnabus Smith, leaving her son in the care of his maternal grandmother, Margery Ayscough.[10] Isaac apparently hated his step-father, and had nothing to do with Smith during his childhood.[8] His maternal uncle, the rector serving the parish of Burton Coggles,[11] was involved to some extent in the care of Isaac.
In 1667 Newton became a Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge,[12] making necessary his commitment to taking Holy Orders within seven years of completing his MA, which he did the following year. He was also required to take a vow of celibacy and recognize the Thirty-Nine Articles of the Church of England.[13] Newton considered ceasing his studies prior to completion in order to avoid the ordination made necessary by law of King Charles II.[14][1] He was eventually successful in avoiding the statute, assisted in this by the efforts of Isaac Barrow, as in 1676 the then Secretary of State for the Northern Department, Joseph Williamson, changed the relevant statute of Trinity College to provide dispensation from this duty.[13] After taking advantage of that, Newton embarked on an investigative study of the early history of the Church, which developed, during the 1680s, into inquiries about the origins of religion. At around the same time, he developed a scientific view on motion and matter.[14] Of Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica he stated:[15]
When I wrote my treatise about our Systeme I had an eye upon such Principles as might work with considering men for the beliefe of a Deity and nothing can rejoyce me more than to find it useful for that purpose.
Newton's religious views developed as a result of participation in an investigative discourse with Nature (the nature of the world), and developed from the apparent dichotomy between biblical reality and the increasing revelation of the structure of reality from investigation. Newton saw these truths of nature as challenging established religion, particularly as embodied in Christian scriptural belief.[16][17] Unorthodoxy was made necessary for Newton, and those affiliated with him, by the need for rediscovery of a prisca truth that had been hidden somewhere in the time of classical history.[18] By this they might have the capacity to engage in open dialogue with an investigation into Nature. In this conflict of ecclesiastical order and the liberating effects of scientific enquiry, he and others turned to the prisca in all the security of a classical civilization having been supposedly founded on bona fide insights.[19] So, for them, the truth lay within the perception of reality attained by Pythagoras and communicated, supposedly in a secret way, to a specific circle of people.[20]
As is found among some of the established intellectuals of the Renaissance age, Newton believed that ancient philosophers and religious persons had gained insight into the truth of the nature of the world and universe, but this truth having become hidden within the language of the recording of the truth at the time and by later medieval scholars (Albertus Magnus, Arnold of Villanova and Roger Bacon) that required deciphering in order to be understood. The belief in the wisdom of the ancients, that thinking was intelligent and knowing in the civilization of classical religious figures (Jesus of Nazareth, the prophet Isaiah and Solomon) and writers (Plato and Democritus) is known as prisca sapientia.[1]
Like many contemporaries (e.g., Thomas Aikenhead) he lived with the threat of severe punishment if he had been open about his religious beliefs. Heresy was a crime that could have been punishable by the loss of all property and status or even death (see, e.g., the Blasphemy Act 1697). Because of his secrecy over his religious beliefs, Newton has been described as a Nicodemite.[9]
According to most scholars, Newton was Arian, not holding to Trinitarianism.[9][21][22] 'In Newton's eyes, worshipping Christ as God was idolatry, to him the fundamental sin'.[23] As well as being antitrinitarian, Newton allegedly rejected the orthodox doctrines of the immortal soul,[9] a personal devil and literal demons.[9] Although he was not a Socinian he shared many similar beliefs with them.[9] A manuscript he sent to John Locke in which he disputed the existence of the Trinity was never published. In a minority view, T.C. Pfizenmaier argued Newton was neither "orthodox" nor an Arian,[24] but that, rather, Newton believed both of these groups had wandered into metaphysical speculation.[25] Pfizenmaier also argued that Newton held closer to the Semi-Arian view of the Trinity that Jesus Christ was of a "similar substance" (homoiousios) from the Father rather than the orthodox view that Jesus Christ is of the "same substance" of the Father (homoousios) as endorsed by modern Eastern Orthodox, Roman Catholics and Protestants.[25] S. D. Snobelen has also argued against this from manuscripts produced late in Newton's life which demonstrate Newton rejected the Eastern view of the Trinity.[9]
Newton refused Viaticum before his death.[8]
God as masterful creator[edit]
Newton saw God as the masterful creator whose existence could not be denied in the face of the grandeur of all creation.[26] Nevertheless, he rejected Leibniz' thesis that God would necessarily make a perfect world which requires no intervention from the creator. In Query 31 of the Opticks, Newton simultaneously made an argument from design and for the necessity of intervention:
For while comets move in very eccentric orbs in all manner of positions, blind fate could never make all the planets move one and the same way in orbs concentric, some inconsiderable irregularities excepted which may have arisen from the mutual actions of comets and planets on one another, and which will be apt to increase, till this system wants a reformation.[27]
This passage prompted an attack by Leibniz in a letter to his friend Caroline of Ansbach:
Sir Isaac Newton and his followers have also a very odd opinion concerning the work of God. According to their doctrine, God Almighty wants to wind up his watch from time to time: otherwise it would cease to move. He had not, it seems, sufficient foresight to make it a perpetual motion.[28]
Leibniz' letter initiated the Leibniz-Clarke correspondence, ostensibly with Newton's friend and disciple Samuel Clarke, although as Caroline wrote, Clarke's letters "are not written without the advice of the Chev. Newton".[29] Clarke complained that Leibniz' concept of God as a "supra-mundane intelligence" who set up a "pre-established harmony" was only a step from atheism: "And as those men, who pretend that in an earthly government things may go on perfectly well without the king himself ordering or disposing of any thing, may reasonably be suspected that they would like very well to set the king aside: so, whosoever contends, that the beings of the world can go on without the continual direction of God...his doctrine does in effect tend to exclude God out of the world".[30]
In addition to stepping in to re-form the solar system, Newton invoked God's active intervention to prevent the stars falling in on each other, and perhaps in preventing the amount of motion in the universe from decaying due to viscosity and friction.[31] In private correspondence Newton sometimes hinted that the force of Gravity was due to an immaterial influence:
Tis inconceivable that inanimate brute matter should (without the mediation of something else which is not material) operate upon & affect other matter without mutual contact.[32]
Leibniz jibed that such an immaterial influence would be a continual miracle; this was another strand of his debate with Clarke.
Newton's view has been considered to be close to deism and several biographers and scholars labeled him as a deist who is strongly influenced by Christianity.[33][34][35][36] However, he differed from strict adherents of deism in that he invoked God as a special physical cause to keep the planets in orbits.[21] He warned against using the law of gravity to view the universe as a mere machine, like a great clock. He said:
This most beautiful system of the sun, planets, and comets, could only proceed from the counsel and dominion of an intelligent Being. [...] This Being governs all things, not as the soul of the world, but as Lord over all; and on account of his dominion he is wont to be called "Lord God" παντοκρατωρ [pantokratōr], or "Universal Ruler". [...] The Supreme God is a Being eternal, infinite, [and] absolutely perfect.[6]
Opposition to godliness is atheism in profession and idolatry in practice. Atheism is so senseless and odious to mankind that it never had many professors.[37][38]
On the other hand, latitudinarian and Newtonian ideas taken too far resulted in the millenarians, a religious faction dedicated to the concept of a mechanical universe, but finding in it the same enthusiasm and mysticism that the Enlightenment had fought so hard to extinguish.[39] Newton himself may have had some interest in millenarianism as he wrote about both the Book of Daniel and the Book of Revelation in his Observations Upon the Prophecies.
Newton's conception of the physical world provided a stable model of the natural world that would reinforce stability and harmony in the civic world.[39]
The Bible[edit]
Newton spent a great deal of time trying to discover hidden messages within the Bible. After 1690, Newton wrote a number of religious tracts dealing with the literal interpretation of the Bible. In a manuscript Newton wrote in 1704 he describes his attempts to extract scientific information from the Bible. He estimated that the world would end no earlier than 2060. In predicting this he said "This I mention not to assert when the time of the end shall be, but to put a stop to the rash conjectures of fanciful men who are frequently predicting the time of the end, and by doing so bring the sacred prophesies into discredit as often as their predictions fail."[40]
The Library of Trinity College, Cambridge, holds in its collections Newton's personal copy of the King James Version, which exhibits numerous marginal notes in his hand as well as about 500 reader's marks pointing to passages of particular interest to him. A note is attached to the Bible indicating that it "was given by Sir Isaac Newton in his last illness to the woman who nursed him". The book was eventually bequeathed to the Library in 1878. The places Newton marked or annotated in his Bible bear witness to his investigations into theology, chronology, alchemy, and natural philosophy; and some of these actually relate to passages of the General Scholium to the second edition of the Principia. Some other passages he marked offer glimpses of his devotional practices and reveal distinct tensions in his personality. Newton's Bible appears to have been first and foremost a customized reference tool in the hands of a biblical scholar and critic.[41]
Newton relied upon the existing Scripture for prophecy, believing his interpretations would set the record straight in the face of what he considered to be, "so little understood".[42] Though he would never write a cohesive body of work on Prophecy, Newton's beliefs would lead him to write several treatises on the subject, including an unpublished guide for prophetic interpretation titled Rules for interpreting the words & language in Scripture. In this manuscript he details the necessary requirements for what he considered to be the proper interpretation of the Bible.
End of The World vs Start of The Millennial Kingdom[edit]
In his posthumously-published Observations upon the Prophecies of Daniel, and the Apocalypse of St. John, Newton expressed his belief that Bible prophecy would not be understood "until the time of the end", and that even then "none of the wicked shall understand". Referring to that as a future time ("the last age, the age of opening these things, be now approaching"), Newton also anticipated "the general preaching of the Gospel be approaching" and "the Gospel must first be preached in all nations before the great tribulation, and end of the world".[43]
Over the years, a large amount of media attention and public interest has circulated regarding largely unknown and unpublished documents, evidently written by Isaac Newton, that indicate he believed the world could end in 2060. While Newton also had many other possible dates (e.g. 2034),[44] he did not believe that the end of the world would take place specifically in 2060.[45]
Like most Protestant theologians of his time, Newton believed that the Papal Office (and not any one particular Pope) was the fulfillment of the Biblical predictions about Antichrist, whose rule was predicted to last for 1,260 years. They applied the day-year principle (in which a day represents a year in prophecy) to certain key verses in the books of Daniel[46] and Revelation[47] (also known as the Apocalypse), and looked for significant dates in the Papacy's rise to power to begin this timeline. Newton's calculation ending in 2060 is based on the 1,260-year timeline commencing in 800 AD when Charlemagne became the first Holy Roman Emperor and reconfirmed the earlier (756 AD) Donation of Pepin to the Papacy.[40]
2016 vs 2060[edit]
However, between the time he wrote his 2060 prediction (about 1704) until his death in 1727 Newton conversed, both first hand and by correspondence, with other famous theologians of his time. Those contemporaries who knew him during the remaining 23 years of his life appear to be in agreement that Newton, and the "best interpreters" including Jonathan Edwards, Robert Fleming, Moses Lowman, Phillip Doddridge, and Bishop Thomas Newton, were eventually "pretty well agreed" that the 1,260-year timeline should be calculated from the year 756 AD.[48]
F.A. Cox also confirmed that this was the view of Newton and others, including himself:
"The author adopts the hypothesis of Fleming, Sir Isaac Newton, and Lowman, that the 1260 years commenced in A.d. 756; and consequently that the millennium will not begin till the year 2016".[49]
Thomas Williams stated that this timeline had become the predominant view among the leading Protestant theologians of his time:
"Mr. Lowman, though an earlier commentator, is (we believe) far more generally followed ; and he commences the 1260 days from about 756, when, by aid of Pepin, King of France, the Pope obtained considerable temporalities. This carries on the reign of Popery to 2016, or sixteen years into the commencement of the Millennium, as it is generally reckoned".[50]
In April of 756 AD, Pepin, King of France, accompanied by Pope Stephen II entered northern Italy, forcing the Lombard King Aistulf to lift his siege of Rome, and return to Pavia. Following Aistulf's capitulation, Pepin gave the newly conquered territories to the Papacy by means of the Donation of Pepin, thereby elevating the Pope from being a subject of the Byzantine Empire to head of state, with temporal power over the newly constituted Papal States.
The end of the timeline is based on Daniel 8:25 which reads "...but he shall be broken without hand" and is understood to mean that the end of the Papacy with not be caused by any human action.[51] Volcanic activity is described as the means by which Rome will be overthrown.[52]
"Antichrist will retain some part of his dominion over the nations till about the year 2016." "And when the 1260 years are expired, Rome itself, with all its magnificence, will be absorbed in a lake of fire, sink into the sea, and rise no more at all for ever*."[53]
In 1870 the newly formed Kingdom of Italy annexed the remaining Papal States, depriving the Popes of any temporal rule for the next 59 years. Unaware that Papal rule would be restored, (albeit on a greatly diminished scale) in 1929 as head of the Vatican City state, the historicist view that the Papacy is the Antichrist and the associated timelines delineating his rule rapidly declined in popularity as one of the defining characteristics of the Antichrist (i.e. that he would also be a political temporal power at the time of the return of Jesus) were no longer met.
Eventually, the prediction was largely forgotten and no major Protestant denomination currently subscribes to this timeline.
Despite the dramatic nature of a prediction of the end of the world, Newton may not have been referring to the 2060 date as a destructive act resulting in the annihilation of the earth and its inhabitants, but rather one in which he believed the world was to be replaced with a new one based upon a transition to an era of divinely inspired peace. In Christian theology, this concept is often referred to as The Second Coming of Jesus Christ and the establishment of Paradise by The Kingdom of God on Earth.[44]
Other beliefs[edit]
Henry More's belief in the universe and rejection of Cartesian dualism may have influenced Newton's religious ideas. Later works—The Chronology of Ancient Kingdoms Amended (1728) and Observations Upon the Prophecies of Daniel and the Apocalypse of St. John (1733)—were published after his death.[54]
Newton and Boyle's mechanical philosophy was promoted by rationalist pamphleteers as a viable alternative to the pantheists and enthusiasts, and was accepted hesitantly by orthodox clergy as well as dissident preachers like the latitudinarians.[39] The clarity and simplicity of science was seen as a way in which to combat the emotional and mystical superlatives of superstitious enthusiasm, as well as the threat of atheism.[39]
The attacks made against pre-Enlightenment magical thinking, and the mystical elements of Christianity, were given their foundation with Boyle's mechanical conception of the universe. Newton gave Boyle's ideas their completion through mathematical proofs, and more importantly was very successful in popularizing them.[54] Newton refashioned the world governed by an interventionist God into a world crafted by a God that designs along rational and universal principles.[55] These principles were available for all people to discover, allowed man to pursue his own aims fruitfully in this life, not the next, and to perfect himself with his own rational powers.[56]
His first writing on the subject of religion was Introductio. Continens Apocalypseos rationem generalem (Introduction. Containing an explanation of the Apocalypse), which has an unnumbered leaf between folios 1 and 2 with the subheading De prophetia prima,[57] written in Latin some time prior to 1670. Written subsequently in English was Notes on early Church history and the moral superiority of the 'barbarians' to the Romans. His last writing, in 1737, was entitled A Dissertation upon the Sacred Cubit of the Jews and the Cubits of the several Nations.[4] Newton did not publish any of his works of biblical study during his lifetime.[3][58] All of Newton's writings on corruption in biblical scripture and the church took place after the late 1670s and prior to the middle of 1690.[3]
See also[edit]
- ^ a b c Christianson, Gale E. (19 September 1996). Isaac Newton and the scientific revolution. – 155 pages Oxford portraits in science Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-509224-4. Retrieved 28 January 2012.
- ^ Austin, William H. (1970), "Isaac Newton on Science and Religion", Journal of the History of Ideas, 31 (4): 521–542, doi:10.2307/2708258, JSTOR 2708258
- ^ a b c [ENGLISH & LATIN] "The Newton Project Newton's Views on the Corruptions of Scripture and the Church". Retrieved 28 January 2012.
- ^ a b Professor Rob Iliffe (AHRC Newton Papers Project) THE NEWTON PROJECT – Newton's Religious Writings [ENGLISH & LATIN] prism.php44. University of Sussex. Retrieved 28 January 2012.
- ^ "Newton's Views on Prophecy". The Newton Project. 5 April 2007. Retrieved 15 August 2007.
- ^ a b Principia, Book III; cited in; Newton's Philosophy of Nature: Selections from his writings, p. 42, ed. H.S. Thayer, Hafner Library of Classics, NY, 1953.
- ^ A Short Scheme of the True Religion, manuscript quoted in Memoirs of the Life, Writings and Discoveries of Sir Isaac Newton by Sir David Brewster, Edinburgh, 1850; cited in; ibid, p. 65.
- ^ a b c Richard S. Westfall – Indiana University The Galileo Project. (Rice University). Retrieved 5 July 2008.
- ^ a b c d e f g Snobelen, Stephen D. (1999). "Isaac Newton, heretic : the strategies of a Nicodemite" (PDF). British Journal for the History of Science. 32 (4): 381–419. doi:10.1017/S0007087499003751. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 September 2014.
- ^ Nichols, John Bowyer (1822). Illustrations of the literary history of the eighteenth century: Consisting of authentic memoirs and original letters of eminent persons; and intended as a sequel to the Literary anecdotes, Volume 4. Nichols, Son, and Bentley. p. 32.
- ^ C. D. Broad (2000). Ethics and the History of Philosophy: Selected Essays. Volume 1. Routledge. p. 3. ISBN 978-0-415-22530-4.
- ^ Cambridge University Alumni Database Retrieved 29 January 2012
- ^ a b Professor Rob Iliffe (AHRC Newton Papers Project) THE NEWTON PROJECT prism.php15. University of Sussex. Retrieved 7 February 2012.
- ^ a b Cambridge University Library .ac. Retrieved 29 January 2012.
- ^ S.D.Snobelen (University of King's College) – To Discourse of God : Isaac Newton's Heterdox Theology and Natural Philosophy Nova Scotia Retrieved 29 January 2012
- ^ Matt Goldish (1998). Judaism in the Theology of Sir Isaac Newton. Springer Netherlands. p. 9. ISBN 978-0-7923-4996-9.
- ^ Christianity Today International - archives Retrieved 28 January 2012
- ^ David Boyd Haycock 2004 – 'The long lost truth' Sir Isaac Newton and the Newtonian pursuit of long lost knowledge Elsevier 2004 Archived 24 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved 29 January 2012
- ^ Alfred Rupert Hall – Isaac Newton Centre for Mathematical Sciences Retrieved 29 January 2012
- ^ Hilary Gatti (2002). Giordano Bruno and Renaissance Science: Broken Lives and Organizational Power. Cornell University Press. p. 15. ISBN 0-8014-8785-4. & Niccol Guicciardini (2003). Reading the Principia: The Debate on Newton's Mathematical Methods for Natural Philosophy from 1687 to 1736. Cambridge University Press. p. 102. ISBN 978-0-521-54403-0.
- ^ a b Avery Cardinal Dulles. The Deist Minimum. 2005.
- ^ Richard Westfall, Never at Rest: A Biography of Isaac Newton, (1980) pp. 103, 25.
- ^ Westfall, Richard S. (1994). The Life of Isaac Newton. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-47737-9.
- ^ Pfizenmaier, T.C, "The Trinitarian Theology of Dr. Samuel Clarke" (1675–1729)
- ^ a b Pfizenmaier, T.C., "Was Isaac Newton an Arian?" Journal of the History of Ideas 68(1):57–80, 1997.
- ^ Webb, R.K. ed. Knud Haakonssen. "The emergence of Rational Dissent." Enlightenment and Religion: Rational Dissent in eighteenth-century Britain. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge: 1996. p19.
- ^ Newton, 1706 Opticks (2nd Edition), quoted in H. G. Alexander 1956 (ed): The Leibniz-Clarke correspondence, University of Manchester Press.
- ^ Leibniz, first letter, in Alexander 1956, p. 11
- ^ Caroline to Leibniz, 10 January 1716, quoted in Alexander 1956, p. 193. (Chev. = Chevalier i.e. Knight.)
- ^ Clarke, first reply, in Alexander 1956 p. 14.
- ^ H.W. Alexander 1956, p. xvii
- ^ Newton to Bentley, 25 February 1693
- ^ Force, James E.; Popkin, Richard Henry (1990). Force, James E.; Popkin, Richard Henry (eds.). Essays on the Context, Nature, and Influence of Isaac Newton's Theology. Springer. p. 53. ISBN 9780792305835.
Newton has often been identified as a deist. ...In the 19th century, William Blake seems to have put Newton into the deistic camp. Scholars in the 20th-century have often continued to view Newton as a deist. Gerald R. Cragg views Newton as a kind of proto-deist and, as evidence, points to Newton's belief in a true, original, monotheistic religion first discovered in ancient times by natural reason. This position, in Cragg's view, leads to the elimination of the Christian revelation as neither necessary nor sufficient for human knowledge of God. This agenda is indeed the key point, as Leland describes above, of the deistic program which seeks to "set aside" revelatory religious texts. Cragg writes that, "In effect, Newton ignored the claims of revelation and pointed in a direction which many eighteenth-century thinkers would willingly follow." John Redwood has also recently linked anti-Trinitarian theology with both "Newtonianism" and "deism."
- ^ Gieser, Suzanne (14 February 2005). The Innermost Kernel: Depth Psychology and Quantum Physics. Wolfgang Pauli's Dialogue with C.G. Jung. Springer. pp. 181–182. ISBN 9783540208563.
Newton seems to have been closer to the deists in his conception of God and had no time for the doctrine of the Trinity. The deists did not recognize the divine nature of Christ. According to Fierz, Newton's conception of God permeated his entire scientific work: God's universality and eternity express themselves in the dominion of the laws of nature. Time and space are regarded as the 'organs' of God. All is contained and moves in God but without having any effect on God himself. Thus space and time become metaphysical entities, superordinate existences that are not associated with any interaction, activity or observation on man's part.
- ^ McCauley, Joseph L. (1997). Classical Mechanics: Transformations, Flows, Integrable and Chaotic Dynamics. Cambridge University Press. p. 3. ISBN 9780521578820.
Newton (1642–1727), as a seventeenth century nonChristian Deist, would have been susceptible to an accusation of heresy by either the Anglican Church or the Puritans.
- ^ Hans S. Plendl, ed. (1982). Philosophical problems of modern physics. Reidel. p. 361.
Newton expressed the same conception of the nature of atoms in his deistic view of the Universe.
- ^ Brewster, Sir David. A Short Scheme of the True Religion, manuscript quoted in Memoirs of the Life, Writings and Discoveries of Sir Isaac Newton Edinburgh, 1850.
- ^ "A short Schem of the true Religion". The Newton Project. East Sussex: University of Sussex. Archived from the original on 7 May 2013. Retrieved 7 May 2013.
- ^ a b c d Jacob, Margaret C. The Newtonians and the English Revolution: 1689–1720.
- ^ a b "Papers Show Isaac Newton's Religious Side, Predict Date of Apocalypse". Associated Press. 19 June 2007. Archived from the original on 29 June 2007. Retrieved 17 May 2018.
- ^ Joalland, Michael. "Isaac Newton Reads the King James Version: The Marginal Notes and Reading Marks of a Natural Philosopher". Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America, vol. 113, no. 3 (2019): 297–339 (https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1086/704518?journalCode=pbsa)
- ^ Newton, Isaac (5 April 2007). "The First Book Concerning the Language of the Prophets". The Newton Project. Archived from the original on 8 November 2007. Retrieved 15 August 2007.
- ^ Observations upon the Prophecies of Daniel, and the Apocalypse of St. John by Sir Isaac Newton, 1733, J. DARBY and T. BROWNE, Online
- ^ a b Snobelen, Stephen D. "Statement on the date 2060". Archived from the original on 15 October 2013. Retrieved 4 February 2014.
- ^ "A time and times and the dividing of times": Isaac Newton, the Apocalypse and 2060 AD Snobelen, S Can J Hist (2003) vol 38 Archived 21 February 2014 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ the "time, times and half a time" of Daniel 7:25 and 12:7
- ^ the "42 months" of Revelation 11:2 and 13:5 equals the "1260 days" of Revelation 11:3 and 12:6
- ^ Jonathan Edwards "History of Redemption" New York: T. and J. Swords (1793) page 431: "The Beginning of the reign of Antichrist.] The best interpreters (as Mr. Fleming, Sir I. Newton, Mr. Lowman, Dr. Doddridge, Bp. Newton, and Mr. Reader) are pretty well agreed that this reign is to be dated from about A. D. 756, when the Pope began to be a temporal power, (that is, in prophetic language, a beast) by assuming temporal dominion; 1260 years from this period will bring us to about A. D. 2000, and about the 6000th year of the world, which agrees with a tradition at least as ancient as the epistle ascribed to the apostle Barnabas (f 15.] which says, that " in six thousand years shall all things be accomplished."
- ^ Rev. F.A. Cox "Outlines of Lectures on the Book of Daniel" London: Westley and Davis (1833) 2nd Edition Page 152
- ^ Thomas Williams "The Cottage Bible and family expositor" Hartford: D.F. Robinson and H. F. Sumner (1837) Vol. 2-page 1417
- ^ Bishop Thomas Newton "DISSERTATIONS ON THE PROPHECIES" London: J.F. and C. Rivington (1789) 8th Edition Page 327: "As the stone in Nebuchadnezzar's dream was cut out of the mountain without hands, that is not by human, but by supernatural means; so the little horn shall be broken without hand, not die the common death, not fall by the hand of men, but perish by a stroke from heaven."
- ^ East Apthorp, D.D. "Discourses on Prophecy" (1786) Discourse XI, Page 273: "Rome the seat of Antichrist will be consumed with fire, at the coming of Christ, or when the period of her apostacy is expired, in 1260 years from the rise of Antichrist." Page 275: "...present Rome, when by an eruption of fire the mountainous soil, being undermined, will fall into an abyss, and be covered with the sea*
- ^ Rev. David Simpson "A Plea for Religion and the Sacred Writings" London: W. Baynes, and Paternoster-Row. (1808) 5th Edition, pages 131 and 133.
- ^ a b Westfall, Richard S. (1973) [1964]. Science and Religion in Seventeenth-Century England. U of Michigan Press. ISBN 978-0-472-06190-7.
- ^ Fitzpatrick, Martin. ed. Knud Haakonssen. "The Enlightenment, politics and providence: some Scottish and English comparisons." Enlightenment and Religion: Rational Dissent in eighteenth-century Britain. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge: 1996. p64.
- ^ Frankel, Charles. The Faith of Reason: The Idea of Progress in the French Enlightenment. King's Crown Press, New York: 1948. p1.
- ^ The Newton Project, THEM00046, retrieved 20 January 2014
- ^ James E. Force; Richard Henry Popkin (1990). Essays on the Context, Nature, and Influence of Isaac Newton's Theology. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 103. ISBN 978-0-7923-0583-5.
Further reading[edit]
- Eamon Duffy, "Far from the Tree" (review of Rob Iliffe, Priest of Nature: the Religious Worlds of Isaac Newton, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2017, vol. LXV, no. 4 (8 March 2018), pp. 28–29.
- Iliffe, Rob. Priest of Nature: The Religious Worlds of Isaac Newton. Oxford University Press: 2017, 536 pp. online review
- Joalland, Michael. "Isaac Newton Reads the King James Version: The Marginal Notes and Reading Marks of a Natural Philosopher". Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America, vol. 113, no. 3 (2019): 297–339 (https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1086/704518?journalCode=pbsa)
- Manuel, Frank. E. The Religion of Isaac Newton. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1974.
External links[edit]
|Wikiquote has quotations related to: Isaac Newton
- Isaac Newton Theology, Prophecy, Science and Religion – writings on Newton by Stephen Snobelen
- The Newton Manuscripts at the National Library of Israel – the collection of all his religious writings


text: Viral svengalis TheFineBros have taken their band of senior citizens and sat them in front of Mortal Kombat X's historically gruesome fatalities. Keep in mind, these people would probably have been shocked by the the original MK's pixelated bloodiness, so it's downright irresponsible to expose them to this level of violence. What we're trying to say is... won't somebody please think of the elderly!?


text:
"If we allow ourselves to be full of hate, then they've won - you must not let them take your heart." -Machine Gun Preacher
I saw this post on a hostgator wordpress website. Very timely message. I don't want them to take over me nor take over our mission. They are just full of hate. Its all about desperate measures and tactics - but they don't know that their ways won't work. Better get ready. 6 days.


text:
|22 August 2017
The community of Southend is being asked to contribute ideas about the future of its township through the Wattle Range Council ten year plan for the town.
"Council is working through a process of developing Ten Year Community Town plans for each of the townships within its boundaries" Director Development Services, Steve Chapple said.
"The Community Town Plans enable the community to drive their vision for each town and look at developing a strategic approach to projects and initiatives to be progressed over the ensuing ten years."
A plan has been completed for the townships of Penola and Coonawarra, with Millicent, Rendelsham and Beachport currently in draft stages. The focus is now on the community of Southend.
The next information gathering session will be on Wednesday, 6 September in the Southend Community Hall. Hosted by the Southend Progress Association and supported by Council staff, the community is invited to participate.
Running from 6 pm to 8.30 pm this initial meeting will help develop a Vision Statement for the township and to list and highlight what makes Southend unique and what potential is available for the future.
Tables of people attending will examine subjects including assets and infrastructure needed for the township, marketing and promotional opportunities, including the use of social media, and what events or celebrations could be held to bring tourists and visitors to area.
There will also be the opportunity for those attending to provide their thoughts on social and community needs for the township for the next ten years.
The Southend Progress Association will then work forward with the development of the ten year plan and present a finalised document to Council. Council will be able to consider the plan as part of their long term planning and budget strategies.
For further information please contact:
Steve Chapple, Director Development Services
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Telephone: (08) 8733 0900 or 0427 946 783


text:
July 6, 2000, Section A, Page 22Buy Reprints
John Hejduk, one of the most revered figures in American architecture and architectural education, died on Monday at his home in Riverdale in the Bronx. He was 71.
The cause was cancer, said his daughter, Renata.
Mr. Hejduk was Dean of the Irwin S. Chanin School of Architecture at the Cooper Union for the Advancement of Science and Art from 1975 until his retirement last month. He was an architect who largely abstained from conventional practice, and the bulk of his work consisted of theoretical projects, executed in the form of drawings that were combined into poetic, often highly personal narratives. These drawings, later published in a series of books, have been compared to the work of Giovanni Battista Piranesi, the 18th-century Roman whose engravings of imaginary prisons were a decisive influence on neo-Classical architecture. Mr. Hejduk's influence on his students and others was also profound. His former students, some of today's most imaginative designers, include Daniel Libeskind, Elizabeth Diller, Shigeru Ban and Toshiko Mori.
Like Piranesi, Mr. Hejduk (pronounced HAY-duck) offered dark, brooding meditations on architectural themes. Images of ashes, graveyards, watchtowers and medusa heads recurred in his drawings. A tall man, with the intimidating demeanor of the legend he had become, Mr. Hejduk created solitary landscapes in which architectural forms took on human, at times inhuman, characteristics. ''The New England Masque,'' a suite of drawings from 1981, explored the alienation between married partners. Inspired by Stanley Kubrick's film, ''The Shining,'' the project showed a house designed to prevent its two inhabitants from meeting face to face. Walls, stairs, furniture and landscape kept the two in a state of separation.
The project illustrates one of several ideas associated with Mr. Hejduk's work and teaching. Architects don't have to limit themselves to happy-face emotions. Like writers, they can delve into the darker side of the soul and the bleaker aspects of society. Andrew MacNair, an architect and journalist, once coined the name the Blacks to describe a group of architects, including Raimund Abraham and Lebbeus Woods, who explored this abysmal realm. Mr. Hejduk was the central figure in this group. His influence can be seen in Mr. Abraham's design for the Austrian Cultural Institute, a severe glass and concrete structure now nearing completion on East 52nd Street.
In Mr. Hejduk's later drawings, crosses, angels and other symbols of religious redemption appeared frequently. Yet it is fair to say that architecture was his religion, even that he was a fanatical believer. At times, the smell of incense could be overwhelming.
Mr. Hejduk's devotion to the purity of his vision inspired some students to treat him as a cult figure. But practical ideas also flowed from his example. Ms. Diller and her partner, Ricardo Scofidio, a Cooper Union professor, have successfully pursued an alternative practice, independent from the economics of real estate.
Another lesson Mr. Hejduk imparted was the social and psychological dimensions of space. He taught his students to regard architectural forms not as purely abstract shapes or expressions of structure and function but as a means of exploring relationships between public and private space. Walls, windows and architectural details were invested with emotional content.
Wall House I, an unbuilt design that Mr. Hejduk developed from 1974 onward, is the project that best exemplifies this approach. Using a vocabulary similar to that of Le Corbusier, the pioneer French modernist, Mr. Hejduk designed a house whose structure was reduced to the two dimensions of a single plane and an adjacent utility core. Living spaces were slung off the rear of the wall, in a saddlebag-shaped container. Mr. Hejduk's purpose was not to show off the possibilities of cantilever construction. Rather, he wanted to invest the single wall with the symbolic meaning of division.
A similar idea occurs, on a small scale, in a wall recess located outside Mr. Hejduk's office in Cooper Union's Foundation Building on Cooper Square. A telephone booth in function, the recess is a balloon of space that is entered from the building's third-floor lobby. The spatial flow from lobby to phone offers an intimate essay on the transition from public, through semi-public, to private zones.
The Foundation Building, which Mr. Hejduk reconstructed in 1975, will undoubtedly remain a memorial to his tenure as dean. In keeping with an institution dedicated to growth, Mr. Hejduk's design emphasized transitional spaces like stairs, corridors, and hallways. The library was placed behind glass at street level, where it could be viewed by passers-by. The Great Hall, renowned as the setting of the Lincoln-Douglas debates, regained its luster. A meeting room on the top floor, behind the dial of the building's giant clock, has become a prized setting for photographers.
From a historical perspective, Mr. Hejduk's importance may lie in his contribution to the increasing role played by psychology in contemporary architecture. Along with Frank Gehry, Rem Koolhaas, Phillipe Starck and Eric Owen Moss, among others, Mr. Hejduk helped to reframe architecture as a meeting ground between the subjective and objective realms.
Mr. Hejduk was perhaps the most extreme exemplar of this movement. He told a reporter that someone once complained that his drawings didn't really count as architecture because you couldn't get inside them. ''Yes,'' Mr. Hejduk replied, ''but I can get inside them. My friends can get inside them.'' And they did.
John Quentin Hejduk was born in New York in 1929. After attending Cooper Union from 1947 to 1950, he studied architecture at the University of Cincinnati in Ohio, where he received his bachelor of arts degree in 1952. The following year, he was awarded a master's degree in architecture at Harvard University's Graduate School of Design.
Mr. Hejduk began his teaching career in 1954 as a studio instructor at the University of Texas in Austin. While in Austin, he joined with Robert Slutsky, Colin Rowe and others to form a rambunctious group of educators who were called The Texas Rangers. After the entire group was fired, Mr. Hejduk returned to New York in 1956 to work at I. M. Pei and Partners, and later taught at Cornell.
He began teaching at Cooper Union in 1964 and was appointed head of the architecture department the following year. In 1975, when the department became an autonomous division, Mr. Hejduk was appointed dean. Last month, he was named the school's Dean and Professor Emeritus of Architecture.
Mr. Hejduk's 21 published books include ''Mask of Medusa'' and ''Architectures in Love'' (both published by Rizzoli International Publications), and ''Lancaster/Hanover Masque'' ( published by the Architectural Association and the Canadian Center for Architecture). In 1997, the Canadian Center acquired Mr. Hejduk's archive of drawings.
Mr. Hejduk did design several built works in addition to the Foundation Building. In 1988 he completed the Berlin Tower and Garden Apartments, a housing complex in Berlin. A civic center in Santiago de Compostela, Spain, designed in collaboration with Antonio San Martin G. de Azcon, is scheduled for completion later this year.
Twenty-six full-scale versions of Mr. Hejduk's designs were constructed as temporary installations in museums and other locations, including the Institute of Contemporary Art in Boston, the Triennale di Milano in Italy and Prague Castle in the Czech capital. In 1995, two of Mr. Hejduk's former students built a 19-foot-tall wooden model called ''The Conciliator,'' based on Mr. Hejduk's drawing of a dark gray tower flanked by two entry ramps, on a traffic island across from the Flatiron Building at 23rd Street.
In addition to his daughter, of Phoenix, Mr. Hejduk is survived by his wife, Gloria, and a son, Rafael, of New York.
Mr. Hejduk regarded teaching as an exalted form of social service. Earlier this year he wrote: ''I believe in the social contract, therefore I teach. I believe that the University is one of the last places that protects and preserves freedom, therefore teaching is also a sociopolitical act, among other things.''


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In a world where production is increasingly fragmented across borders, a large number of firms import their raw material inputs from abroad. This column investigates how firms' input and output choices are affected by import tariffs on inputs that domestic firms use in production. Based on firm-product level data for India, it finds that firms decrease their use of inputs subject to the tariff, relative to other inputs. Firms also decrease their sales of outputs made of these inputs, relative to other outputs.
Hylke Vandenbussche, Christian Viegelahn, 02 October 2016
Filippo di Mauro, Konstantins Benkovskis, Sante De Pinto , Marco Grazioli, 29 June 2016
In the 'currency wars' discussion, it is almost taken for granted that exchange rate depreciations will result in non-trivial export gains. Using evidence from countries in Europe and Asia, this column argues instead that factors unrelated to prices/exchange rates often play a predominant role in shaping trade developments. Moreover, these factors affect export outcomes in a very diversified manner across countries, in part because of the interplay of global value chains.
Richard Frensch, Jan Hanousek, Evžen Kočenda, 09 February 2016
With the rise of global value chains, trade in intermediates now accounts for more than two-thirds of total trade. This column provides evidence that trade in parts and components of capital goods between new and old EU countries is driven by wage differences across countries. It further shows that wage differences play an important role in the ex ante investment decision to establish a new production network.
Filippo di Mauro, Arne Nagengast, Robert Stehrer, 29 January 2016
Now that the worst of the Eurozone Crisis has passed, one question that emerges is whether improving current account balances should be an objective for policymakers. And if so, what tools are available? This column argues that because of the emergence of global value chains, trade imbalances within the Eurozone are to a large extent an endogenous result of the international organisation of production at the firm level. It is therefore better to disregard intra-EZ imbalances and focus on the total.
Konstantins Benkovskis, Julia Woerz, 14 January 2016
Global value chains have increased the complexity of good economic analysis no end. This column assess the extent to which global value chains change how we think about the world, and argues that the evolution of global market shares is no longer an adequate indicator of a country's competitiveness in most cases. 'Made in China' has changed almost everything.
Hiau Looi Kee, Heiwai Tang, 09 December 2015
While domestic content in exports has been declining globally, the opposite trend has been observed in China. This column argues that this is mainly due to the structural transformation and FDI liberalisation in the country since 2000. As a result, individual processing exporters have substituted domestic for imported materials, both in terms of volume and varieties. These results indicate that China has become more competitive, particularly in the intermediate input sectors, which supports its ascent along the global value chains.
Laura Alfaro, Pol Antràs, Davin Chor, Paola Conconi, 20 September 2015
Building on Antras and Chor (2013), we describe a property-rights model of firm boundary choices along the value chain. To assess the evidence, we construct firm-level measures of the upstreamness of integrated and non-integrated inputs by combining information on the production activities of firms operating in more than 100 countries with Input-Output tables. In line with the model's predictions, we find that whether a firm integrates upstream or downstream suppliers depends crucially on the elasticity of demand for its final product. Our results suggest that contractual frictions play an important role in shaping the integration choices of firms around the world.
Swarnali Ahmed Hannan, Maximiliano Appendino, Michele Ruta, 27 August 2015
The export-less depreciation of the yen has opened a debate on the power of exchange rates to boost exports. This column presents new evidence on how the exchange rate elasticity of exports has changed over time and across countries, and how global value chains have affected it. The upshot is that greater integration in global value chains makes exports substantially less responsive to exchange rate depreciations.
Uri Dadush, 13 March 2015
Manufacturing is often seen as the key to sustainable export and productivity growth in developing countries. This column argues that, while manufacturing played a key role in some countries' development, high growth can be sustained without relying primarily on manufacturing. A process of learning, productivity improvement, and investment that touches all sectors characterises the most successful economies. Policies that artificially favour manufacturing should instead give way to maximising learning from the frontier in all sectors of the economy.
Victor Kummritz, 05 March 2015
Global value chains (GVCs) clearly promote trade and investment but their impact on domestic value-added is less clear. This column discusses new evidence showing that GVCs participation stimulates domestic value, but not for all nations. It is necessary for low- and middle-income countries to increase their absorptive capacities if they are to reap benefits from GVC participation.
Otaviano Canuto, Cornelius Fleischhaker, Philip Schellekens, 11 January 2015
While Brazil has become one of the largest economies in the world, it remains among the most closed economies as measured by the share of exports and imports in GDP. This column argues that this cannot be explained simply by the size of Brazil's economy. Rather it is due to a reliance on domestic value chain integration as opposed to participation in global production networks. Greater trade openness could produce efficiency gains and help Brazil address its productivity and competitiveness challenges.
Emine Boz, Matthieu Bussière, Clément Marsilli, 12 November 2014
The past three years have witnessed a slowdown in global trade. This column shows that the slowdown was particularly pronounced in advanced economies, especially the Eurozone. In a panel of 18 OECD economies, most of the slowdown can be explained by cyclical factors. However, structural factors – global value chains and especially protectionism – may have played a role too.
Juan Blyde, 09 November 2014
While participation in global value chains is giving developing countries the opportunity to diversify production and to acquire know-how from global buyers, few countries in Latin America are taking advantage of these new forms of production. Using a combination of innovative datasets at the macro and micro levels this column presents a comprehensive picture of the participation of Latin America and the Caribbean in global value chains and describes why it is so low.
Maria Bas, Vanessa Strauss-Kahn, 14 July 2014
The rise of trade in intermediate inputs is well documented, but its role in shaping domestic economies is not yet completely understood. This column presents evidence from French firms on the effects of importing intermediate inputs. Firms importing more varieties of intermediate inputs increased their productivity and exported more varieties. Foreign inputs from the most advanced economies have the strongest effect on firm productivity, but imported inputs from all countries help raise the number of export varieties.
Patricia Ellen, Jaana Remes, 12 July 2014
Brazil has grown rapidly and reduced poverty over the past decade, but it has grown more slowly than other emerging economies and its income per capita remains relatively low by global standards. This column points out that sectors of the Brazilian economy that have been opened up to international competition have outperformed those that remain heavily protected. Deeper integration into global markets and value chains could provide competitive pressures that would improve Brazil's productivity and living standards.
Gary Gereffi , Xubei Luo, 14 June 2014
The explosion of trade in intermediate goods has created new development opportunities, but many of the jobs at the bottom of global value chains are low-paid, insecure, and dangerous. This column argues that participation in global value chains brings risks as well as opportunities. The gains from 'moving up the global value chain' are not equally distributed – large, professional, high-tech firms with diversified export markets, and high-skilled workers with formalised contracts benefit the most.
Juan Blyde, Alejandro Graziano, Christian Volpe, 13 May 2014
Joining international production networks has been the successful path to industrialisation taken by some Asian and eastern European countries in the last decades. This column argues economic integration agreements are a major force behind the formation of these international linkages. Using a global dataset of establishments to measure global value chains, it shows that countries with integration agreements have 8% more linked subsidiaries.
Bart Los, Marcel Timmer, Gaaitzen De Vries, 11 May 2014
Global value chains play an important role in many nations' globalisation and development policies. Using a new indicator based on a global dataset – the World Input-Output Database – this column shows that international production networks have, since 2000, spread across regional blocs faster than they have spread within them. 'Factory World' is still a work in progress, but the construction is progressing rapidly
Zhi Wang, Shang-Jin Wei, Kunfu Zhu, 16 April 2014
One common measure of trade linked international production networks is the so-called VAX ratio, i.e. the ratio of value-added exports to gross exports. This column argues that this measure is not well-behaved at the sector, bilateral, or bilateral sector level, and does not capture important features of international production sharing. A new gross trade accounting framework is proposed that can better track countries' movements up and down global value chains.
Zhi Wang, Shang-Jin Wei, Kunfu Zhu, 07 April 2014
The growth of international trade in intermediate inputs means that standard trade statistics can give a misleading picture of the real patterns of production behind world trade. This column introduces an accounting framework that decomposes traditional trade flows into components that better reflect the underlying location of the value addition linked to exports.


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New Facebook Plugin
// March 4th, 2009 // Announcements
I have installed a new plugin that allows me to import my Facebook status messages, and automatically convert them to blog posts. That way, non-FB users can comment on these short updates, in the same way that FB friends can.
This tweak won't change lives, but I thought it might be fun. "Fun" being a relative term.


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By Siobhan Neela-Stock, Medill, Immigrant Connect
It should have been simple. All she was doing was planning to visit her family.
But for Emma*, it was anything but simple to return to Uruguay. Her grandmother was not well and she missed her older sister, who had just given birth to a second child. So she considered the trip a necessary risk.
She took precautions in preparation. The 20-year-old scrubbed her social media sites, choosing a pseudonym and changing other personal details, after hearing about immigrants being questioned in airports with information gleaned from their social media accounts.
Her fears are not unfounded.
In September, media outlets reported that the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) would begin collecting social media information in October from immigrants, permanent residents and naturalized citizens entering the country. The information includes social media handles, aliases and even search results. The new policy was set to go into effect on the same day that the Trump administration's new travel ban on citizens of seven countries and restrictions on those from two others was set to begin. The notice released by DHS updated the Privacy Act of 1974.
The move has been criticized by the American Civil Liberties Union and other groups. In a statement, the ACLU said the action will infringe upon freedom of speech on social media and is an ineffective national security strategy. It adds another layer to the Trump administration's "anti-immigrant agenda," the ACLU charged.
Following the updated policy, Emma's social media alias could be used against her.
The Trump administration has fostered a culture of fear for people like Emma, as his administration targets immigrants who have not committed crimes. Although President Obama was branded "deporter in chief" by immigrant advocates, his administration focused on deporting immigrants who had been convicted of crimes, rather than deporting immigrants with no criminal history or preventing people from entering and leaving the country. In 2009, the first year of Obama's presidency, 51 percent of immigrants removed from the U.S. had been convicted of serious crimes, as defined by the DHS. In 2016, that number had increased to 90 percent.
Though Emma has lived in the U.S. since she was 13, she keeps the connection to her Uruguayan roots by listening to Uruguayan and Argentinian radio channels. On the radio stations, she's heard stories of people being harassed at the border and being tricked into signing papers to give up their residency after being questioned for hours.
She is in the U.S. as a conditional permanent resident. Her green card is valid for two years. The two years are rapidly coming to a close, and she is in the process of applying for permanent residency.
As it turned out, Emma had no problem when she returned to the U.S. She passed through immigration without being taken aside, though she said, "It was really nerve-wracking waiting in line. A couple of times that I've traveled to Uruguay, the people in front of me have been taken away. They've asked them to follow them into a room and they don't come back."
She had planned for a friend to show up at the U.S. airport where her plane landed and pretend her friend's baby was hers in case she had trouble.
This is just one example of how the Trump administration has created uncertainty and fear in the lives of immigrants and international students in the U.S.
Eish Sumra, 22, is also trying to stay one step ahead of the Trump administration's proposed and implemented policies. He was born and raised in a town outside London. His college choices in the Europe felt limited, as most European universities require students to remain committed to the subject area they choose. Universities in the U.S., on the other hand, offer more freedom to students if they want to divert from their major later on in their college career.
Sumra knew he wanted that freedom and came to the U.S. to pursue it. As a senior at Northwestern University, he is studying journalism and says he fell into it. Though he always loved journalism, he never envisioned studying it. However, once he got accepted into Medill, Northwestern's journalism school, he realized he really enjoyed the work.A lot has changed since Sumra entered Northwestern four years ago. The United Kingdom and the U.S. have both experienced massive shifts in political leadership. In a referendum, a majority of U.K. citizens voted to break away from the European Union in June 2016. Shortly after the vote, the U.K.'s Prime Minister David Cameron resigned. Theresa May replaced him and is seen by many as intentionally reversing Cameron's political positions. Five months later, Donald Trump was elected president of the U.S., a result most polls and pundits did not predict. Like May, Trump is seen by many as set on rolling back his predecessor's accomplishments.
Sumra feels his work opportunities in the U.S. are limited. Sumra is concerned that American companies have become hesitant to sponsor international workers since Trump's election, and although he hopes to work in the U.S. after graduation, he is skeptical it will happen. "His [Trump's] rhetoric has caused many major companies to say no on the entry level jobs, said Sumra. "We will not sponsor you if you're a foreigner,"
Sumra referenced Facebook as an example. He said all of the positions at Facebook he has tried to apply to have said applicants must be U.S. citizens. Many of Sumra's classmates who are not U.S. citizens and who graduated last year from Northwestern are "very scared about the (H1-B) lottery."
The H-1B program "allows companies in the United States to temporarily employ foreign workers," according to the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services website. Workers must have a bachelor's degree or higher. There is a cap on the number of foreign workers accepted under the program, and Congress sets the cap. The regular cap for fiscal year 2018 (workers with non-advanced degrees) is set at 65,000 and the master's exemption (workers with U.S. master's degrees) is set at 20,000.
In line with his "America First" rhetoric, Trump has been very critical of the H-1B program.
Sumra noted the difference between the companies that are sponsoring foreign workers and those that are not: "A lot of the larger companies seem to be weirdly not hiring foreign students. I think they're just scared of putting all that energy to be disappointed. I think they know since they're so big, it won't affect them."
Beyond work opportunities in the U.S., Sumra noticed that even flying into the U.S. is different now that Trump is president. His mother recently visited him while he was interning in New York. He remembers her saying she could tell when she was going through immigration that she was in Trump's America. Longer waiting times and the types of questions asked by immigration officials are something his mother said stood out, he said. Sumra said his mother was asked if she was bringing money into the country and if she was bringing her son money or items from home. When he flew into the U.S., Sumra was asked detailed questions about where he studies in the U.S. and he said immigration officials were more skeptical of his credentials allowing him to study in the U.S.
A job in Europe is no longer Sumra's backup plan. Uncertainty has made him more realistic. "The more and more I think about it, the more and more I reckon I'm probably going to have to start off back home in the U.K. or Europe. But ideally, I'd be in the U.S. short term. That was always my goal to stay here for a few years."
*Emma's name is a pseudonym. She agreed to speak on the condition of anonymity as she fears her information could be used against her or her family by the Trump administration.


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Using A College Application Essay Prompt
A college application essay prompt is a guideline students would need to pay great attention to in case they seek admission. Colleges and universities would want students to respond to a question or essay prompt. They would then assess them based on their responses. Understanding an essay prompt completely is of vital importance. Responses to the query should be based on extensive research, knowledge of the subject, and using an engaging style of writing. These elements would fall into place, if students are aware of what is really required to follow and adapt. A college application essay is probably the most important written test a student would have to go through after school. It is vital that they leave nothing to chance. Here are a few pointers that would help students prepare better for a college application assignment.
- Students have very little choice but to follow a path that leads to answering the college application essay prompt. They must resist deviating from this path. It would be easier to write on a topic that they are familiar with. The tendency to shift focus on a sub topic that may or may not be totally relevant is very strong. Students must not give into this. They need to focus on the essay prompt and compile an essay that covers every single aspect of the topic in context to the essay question or prompt.
- Refer to college application essay examples that have been stocked in a school or public library. Past students who have succeeded in getting admission to a college of their choice, especially the most prestigious and popular international institutions, would have written great application essays. The common elements of a good essay like structure, style of writing, and presentation can be adapted. The application process might differ from college to college, so it is important to pay attention to small details. In other words, the essay prompt might differ in different essays. The style of writing and presentation might remain the same. Research would vary as per the essay prompt.
- Colleges give due attention to an individual point of view. Students are encouraged to elaborate on sensitive issues that affect society as a whole. For example, the essay prompt can ask students to air their views on "Remedial Measures To Curb The Increasing Unemployment Rate." Students may have come across simple but effective measures that have worked. They may not have the experience but can still have a viewpoint of the subject.
- Simplicity is the key. The assessment board is trying to assess students not just for their knowledge of the topic but also their approach. Without deviating from the main issue, students would have to create appeal in their essay. Readers should be interested in the content presented. The essay would be easy to follow. Though a college application essay prompt would change every year, students can approach online content processors like ParamountEssays.com to gain insight into the process of writing application essays. The company is well aware of the latest trends in the industry and would be able to compile a high-quality essay for students at very nominal rates. The approach taken by students would indicate whether they are on the right track or not.


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Pledge to Plant: 1.2 Million Tree Challenge
by Community Service Director Bill Boyd
RI President Ian Riseley has challenged all 1.2 million Rotarians to plant a tree before Earth Day, April 22, 2018. This is a big opportunity to make a difference in the world in what seems to be a small way, but if we individually accept the challenge we can help to make it happen. Your Club Board has asked me, the club's Community Service Director, to help our members respond to President Riseley's challenge.
Each member is encouraged to accept this challenge and plant one or more trees in their neighborhood or to help facilitate tree planting in their community or other parts of the world, like the rain forests or our national forests. Be sure to take a picture and upload it here.
Here are some easy ways to help you take on this challenge:
- In the United States, the Arbor Day Foundation https://arborday.org/content.aspx?page+memberships provides a number of ways to help make this happen by simply becoming a member of the Foundation for as little as $10 US. With this small contribution they will give you one of the following three ways to help plant trees: a.) You can choose 10 trees that grow well where you live, and they will send them to you to plant in your yard or anywhere else in your community. b.) With your contribution, they will plant 10 trees in a threatened rain forest somewhere in the world. c.) With your contribution, they will plant 10 trees in one of the National Forests in the United States.
- Go to a local nursery in your community and with their help and guidance, purchase a tree acceptable to the area where you live and plant it on your property. If you choose to plant it at another location, please secure the permission of the property owner or appropriate government, if it is on public land.
- If you choose to plant one or more trees, please accept the responsibility to regularly water the tree and help it to grow and thrive. Don't let this stop you from accepting our President's challenge.
To our members in other countries, I encourage you to find a way to take on this challenge in your local community.
Once you have planted your tree(s), please let us know by filling our our club's Volunteer Service Area form: http://oneworldrotary.org/Page/member-service-reporting
You can also share your tree planting story on Rotary International's : "Pledge to Plant" website: https://storify.com/OfficialRotary/pledge-to-plant
In Rotary Service,
Bill Boyd, Community Service Director
Bill Boyd, Community Service Director


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From otp22 db
This category is for articles which largely deal with speculation and other unverified information (and responses thereof).
The main article for this category is Theories.
If general entries here start to outweigh formal "Theory" articles, consider making a subcategory for Theories.
This category has only the following subcategory.
- ► Investigations (1 C, 40 P)
Pages in category "Speculation"
The following 26 pages are in this category, out of 26 total.


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We can make small trial orders for customer to help customer to start the business or make the investment risk as low as possible.
We have professional quality control teams to make every shipment goods perfect and customer doesn't need worry about the quality problem to hurt his business reputation.
We could also help customer to order directly with factories and customer just need pay us a reasonable commission, thus customer could get factory-direct cost price and no need to worry about too many factories controlling problem, this is a real B to B business mode and fully one stop purchasing service support.
If you are interested in such business, you just need to contact us and only need to try from small orders and of course you could also check our business reputation from our other worldwide customers.


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There was an exhibit at one of our local malls this week featuring artwork by select kids from area schools. That's Sam's gorgeous selection to the left.
We toured the exhibition after a semi-disastrous stop at the museum cafe, otherwise known as Sbarro.
Sam was pretty proud. As was I.
Incidentally, a complete stranger passing by convinced him to pose this way.
Friday, April 25, 2008
6 comments:
The young artiste - adorable! He looks really proud and that painting is a framer. Have a great weekend with your guys.ReplyDelete
Wow, he's getting to be quite the artist... in an artistic family! Beautiful!ReplyDelete
- AnonymousApril 26, 2008 at 7:13 AM
That guy in the Houston t-shirt is quite the wonderful artist! YMReplyDelete
Way cool! Now, flash forward twenty years and picture him in a tux, the pizza is replaced by a glass of champaigne, and the mall replaced by a trendy gallery...ReplyDelete
awesome! Congrats Sam, you are an art-ee-st!ReplyDelete
I have a painting in my living room (for which I paid big bucks) that looks like Sam could have done it!ReplyDelete
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For the latest phones for sale then 0800 652 8052 connects you to the right people.
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0800 652 8052 gets you through to our advisors.