text: Minutes of the meeting of Thursday, June 20, 2002. (As approved August 15, 2002) The San Francisco Public Library Commission held a regular meeting on Thursday, June 20, 2002 in the Koret Auditorium, Main Library. The meeting was called to order at 4:09 PM by President Higueras. The following members were noted present: Commissioners Bautista, Chin, Coulter, and Higueras. Vice President Steiman joined the meeting at 4:13PM. Commissioner Swig was excused attendance President Higueras announced that he was reordering the taking of agenda items moving item #3 to 4th place and moving item #4 to 3rd place. AGENDA ITEM #1 BOND PROGRAM MANAGERS REPORT (Explanatory documents: Bond Program budget and schedule documents) Branch Bond Program Manager Marilyn Thompson announced that there would be no informational report at this meeting. Ms Thompson then reported that there had been no changes in the Bond Program Budget since her last report. The Bond Program Manager noted that current Bond Program expenditures and encumbrances totaled $877,405. Ms. Thompson then discussed the program schedule report informing the Commissioners of scheduling plans to make sure that adjacent branches were not under construction at the same time. The Bond Program Manager brought the Commissioners up to date on recent program activities regarding proposed designs for the Glen Park Branch and announced Babette Drefke and Michael Kurtz had been selected as community representatives for the public art program for the new Mission Bay Branch Library. Ms. Thompson next reported on the active projects: the Richmond Design Workshop, the Excelsior Prop. 14 (State Library Bond) application, a Noe Valley Branch program assessment, and activities related to the Marina, and Parkside Branches. Ms. Thompson reported on a School District discussion of issues related to the possible Portola Branch site. The Bond Program Manager then informed the Commissioners of community outreach activities discussing community meetings sponsored or attended by the library staff. Ms. Thompson noted that the Bond Program Website was in operation and that a second Bond Program newsletter would be issued in June. The Bond Program Manager noted there would be no special report this month. Public comment on AGENDA ITEM #1 BOND PROGRAM MANAGERS REPORT: An anonymous member of the public commented that the explanatory documents were difficult to read. This anonymous member of the public observed that the proposed pairing of branches was new and suggested that there had been a promise of alternative services when branches were closed. This person commented that the rapid pace of decisions suggested that the process was getting away from the Commission. Mr. Peter Warfield commented that copies of the slides presented were not available nor were some explanatory materials mailed out with the agenda and expressed the view that this undermined the ability of the public to make informed comment. Ms. Jeannene Przyblyski, Noe Valley, reported that with the help of the Friends of Noe Valley more than 400 community surveys concerning the Noe Valley Branch had been returned to the Library. Commission comment on AGENDA ITEM #1 BOND PROGRAM MANAGERS REPORT: In response to questions by President Higueras, Deputy City Librarian Paul Underwood discussed in greater detail the plans to space out the branch library bond program so that adjacent branches would not be closed at the same time. Mr. Underwood noted that additional hours may be added to nearby branches to provide continuity of services during period when a branch was undergoing renovation. In response to a questions by Commissioners Bautista and Chin, Ms. Hildreth and Mr. Underwood explained how the artist selection and community review and input of public art works created for Branch Library Bond Program projects would be overseen by the staff of the Art Commission. AGENDA ITEM #2 RICHMOND BRANCH DESIGN WORKSHOP (Explanatory document: Richmond Branch Design Workshop Report) The Deputy City Librarian discussed in great detail the Richmond Branch Library Design Review Workshop and outlined how staff had reconsidered the design approaches for the Richmond Branch Library in response to community concerns with the initial proposals presented in February. Mr. Underwood noted that the scope of the project had been reconsidered to allow for a 40% increase in space at the branch and that the community had been very actively engaged in the design process during design workshops held during June 6 through June 9. Commissioner Streets joined the meeting at 4:34PM. Mr. Underwood noted that the goals of these workshops were different from those of the design charrette and that every effort was made to identify those things about the branch that people were most passionate about. Mr. Underwood noted that user surveys had asked specifics of what was wanted and that users were asked to rank the importance of various branch spaces and concerning the branch collections. The Deputy City Librarian highlighted the input by branch staff and noted that Library Administration was also interviewed to get a systemwide perspective about what could work best in the renovated and expanded branch. He discussed the contributions made by the consultants: Jill Stoner of Stoner Meeks Architects, Preservation Architect Jerry Takano, and consulting structural engineers and highlighted the input of community focus groups in achieving consensus on what the community and staff wanted in the renovated and expanded building and surrounding grounds. The four proposed design concepts discussed were described and the issues raised by older adult, adult, teen, and parent users were reported in further detail. Ms. Thompson and Mr. Underwood then outlined the next steps in the process to go forward with a preferred design. Public comment on AGENDA ITEM #2 RICHMOND BRANCH DESIGN WORKSHOP: An anonymous member of the public commented that they had attended the workshop and noted that a number of people had complemented the process but also expressed concern that issues related to the art enrichment program and a relationship with the school district had not been fully explained. Mr. Ron Miguel, President of the Planning Association of the Richmond noted that the community had had concerns with the initial designs but that all of the concerns had been addressed during the workshops and that the community was well satisfied with results that works for the library and for the neighborhood. Mr. Miguel called particular attention to the excellence of the landscape design and praised Ms. Hildreth's leadership in addressing the neighbors' concerns. Ms. Marianne Duke, a neighbor who participated in the workshops, praised the library staff for helping a diverse community work together with the help of experts who listened carefully to produce a result everyone could be proud of. Ms. Duke suggested a standing ovation was deserved for all who had participated. Ms. Barbara Berman, Richmond resident, commented favorably that the Library had listened to community concerns and acted to address them. Commissioner Tim Kelley, Landmarks Preservation Advisory Board, praised the work of the design team as the beginning of a beautiful friendship that fully addressed the concerns of preservationists and reflected an open public process that deserved applause. Mr. Ed Regan offered several suggestions that he thought should be included in every branch renovation including a pamphlets room and expanded non-fiction collections in each branch library. Ms. Elaine Cohn, a Richmond neighbor, commented that the community had been very involved in this design process and felt consulted on the changes which impacted residents. N. Maye, observed that there needed to be more time allowed for staff to review the branch's collections and make the right decisions on weeding but that this design process was a big improvement over the first one with more staff and public involvement. Ms. Angela Tang, representing teen users, thanked the Library for actively seeking and encouraging teen involvement in the design process. Mr. Peter Warfield expressed appreciation for the presentation but suggested that he would have liked to have had the information presented available in advance. Mr. Warfield questioned the changes in the amount of increased space proposed for the Richmond Branch and expressed disappointment that book collection issues were not reported. Mr. Warfield expressed concerns with reports of heavy weeding and possible reductions in the collection size. Tim Williams, Richmond Branch Library Manager, expressed strong support for the proposed new design noting that this proposal built on and enhanced the existing strengths of the branch. Mr. Williams explained that many of the materials removed from the collections had not circulated for more than two years or had long been missing and that there was no large-scale removal of books from the collection. The Richmond Branch Manager also expressed praise for the skillful work of Jill Stoner in conducting the successful workshops. Ruth Maginnis, Richmond Branch Library staff, commented that the February process did not reflect staff input and that she hoped that the improved process would be used at other branches being renovated. Commission comment on AGENDA ITEM #2 RICHMOND BRANCH DESIGN WORKSHOP: Commissioner Coulter applauded what he termed a good process. President Higueras noted that this was a good recovery from the first less than satisfactory effort at gathering input into the proposed design made in February under pressure to get a design ready in time for the first round of Prop. 14 (State Library Bond) applications. Commissioner Bautista suggested possible use of tiles to quiet the expected noise levels in the children and teen areas. In response to comments by Commissioners and issues raised by members of the public, Ms. Hildreth explained the process used to arrive at the proposed increased size of the branch, improve its functionality, and remain within the budget. Commissioner Chin applauded the community's participation noting that it was good to hear about positive contributions. It was the consensus of the Commission that significant progress had been made in achieving the best possible design and that this matter should be continued to a future meeting for final consideration and approval. AGENDA ITEM #4 PURCHASE & SALE AGREEMENT GLEN PARK BRANCH (Explanatory document: summary of draft Purchase & sale agreement documents) Bond Program Manager Marilyn Thompson introduced Ms. Carla Lieske, City Attorney's office, who provided the Commissioners with a detailed overview of the proposed Purchase and Sale Agreement for the new Glen Park Branch Library. Ms. Lieske reported that the 9,200 sq. ft. condominium space at the Glen Park Market Place Project would be priced at $3,374,000 due at closing and that 10% would be retained for punch list items until sign off. The Deputy City Attorney reported on the details of the condominium agreement, the levels of due diligence required, the permit process and details of closing on the facility. Ms. Lieske then discussed the terms of the Construction Rider and outlined responsibilities of the seller. Ms. Thompson then introduced Mr. David Prowler, Project Developer and his architect Mr. Jon Peterson. Mr. Prowler provided the Commissioners with an extensive overview of the proposed Glen Park Market Place project reporting that the grocery would be operated by respected local grocer Bi-Rite, a well know local grocer for 40 years. He noted that the stores owners lived in Glen Park. Mr. Prowler then discussed the formal planning approval process and reported that due to increased costs it had been necessary to eliminate the planned underground-parking element from the project. Mr. Prowler then discussed several presentations made to Glen Park neighbors concerning the proposed project, notably at the Glen Park fair. Mr. Prowler then introduced Mr. Peterson for an overview of the preliminary designs being proposed. Mr. Peterson discussed the details of the proposed design as presented in several preliminary drawing of how the proposed project might look when viewed from several vantage points. Mr. Peterson noted the preliminary design called for lots of windows and maximum amounts of natural light for the library space but that the final details of the design were still being developed in consultation with library staff and with input from Glen Park neighbors. Ms. Thompson noted that the interior design work was still being developed and that details would be presented at a future meeting. Ms. Thompson asked that the Commissioners review and consider the information that they had received and recommended that approval of the Glen park Branch Library Purchase and Sale Agreement be taken up at the Commission's July 2nd meeting. Public comment on AGENDA ITEM #4 PURCHASE & SALE AGREEMENT GLEN PARK BRANCH: An anonymous member of the public observed that they had little to say except to hold their breath and hope for the best. This person noted that the Library had asked the voters to approve the Branch Bond so that every branch library would be in a city owned facility and that this proposal presented a potential for the Library to face similar problems it had experienced in previous years in this new space. Mr. Ed Regan recommended that the hours of operation for the new branches should be planned, that the needs of branch collections should be addressed, and that all new building should be two stories. Mr. Regan commented that he disliked the Library being located in a mixed-use facility preferring stand-alone buildings with room for expansion and parking. Mr. Peter Warfield commented that he had not had time to review the documents and expressed concerns about potential shared cost, how they would be apportioned, and what role the Library and the Commission would have in making changes in the building. Mr. Warfield also found of concern potential problems with supplemental agreements and the terms of the Construction Rider. Ms. Sybil Boutilier, a Glen Park neighbor, expressed concern with how the relationship between the elements in this project would work and raised concerns with the loss of parking in an area where parking was already difficult. Mr. Bruce Bonaker, Glen Park Merchants Association, noted extensive efforts ongoing to address parking concerns in the entire Glen Park village and that this project would be a significant enhancement to the community. Mr. Bonaker expressed strong community support for approval of this project. Commission comment on AGENDA ITEM #4 PURCHASE & SALE AGREEMENT GLEN PARK BRANCH: President Higueras noted that this was not an "action" item and that details of the supplemental agreements and Construction rider would become clearer when the final documents were under consideration by the Commission for approval. Ms. Thompson pointed out the final design work would be vetted by the Design Excellence process created by the Library Commission. President Higueras emphasized the importance of gathering community and staff input regarding how the building presented itself to the community. Commissioner Chin left the meeting at 6:00PM. The City Librarian commented that the final documents would be ready for review prior to their consideration by the Commission. Vice President Steiman reported that there had been extensive community input at several community meeting and noted that staff had been responsive and sensitive to the community suggestions. President Higueras raised a question left by Commissioner Chin who expressed concern that the building be structurally strong enough to meet the library's needs. In response to questions by President Higueras, Ms. Lieske elaborated on several aspects of the proposed Purchase and Sale documents noting that a condominium arrangement of this kind was unusual for a city department. Ms. Lieske discussed the aspects of the usual covenants and agreements found in mixed facilities and noted that details of the CC&R (shared use) agreements would be fully spelled out. In response to Commissioner's comments Mr. Prowler explained that the majority of the agreement language was standard "boilerplate" terms and that any issues involving shared areas could be resolved by the votes of the partners in the building, with one vote each for the grocer, the Library, and the residential units. There was a discussion between President Higueras and Mr. Prowler concerning ways of resolving issues and oversight during the construction phases of the development. It was noted that library staff had final sign-off on the plans that could not be changed without Library agreement and that the Library was fully in charge of its tenant improvements. Mr. Prowler welcomed participation of a library representative at all site meetings, inspections, and permit reviews. In response to questions by Commissioner Bautista the methods of delivery to the branch and use of a dedicated elevator were discussed. It was proposed that the final documents be brought to the Library Commission for it approval at its July 2, 2002 regular meeting. President Higueras called a brief recess at 6:22PM. Commissioner Streets left the meeting during the recess. The Commission returned to session at 6:36PM. AGENDA ITEM #3 PURCHASE & SALE AGREEMENT: MISSION BAY BRANCH LIBRARY (Explanatory documents: summary of Purchase & Sale documents) Bond Program Manager Marilyn Thompson introduced Deputy City Attorney Donnell Choy who gave the Commissioners a detailed presentation on the proposed terms of a Purchase and Sale Agreement between the Library and the Redevelopment Agency for the new Mission Bay Branch Library. Mr. Choy called attention to the similarities and differences between this agreement and the agreement just considered for the new Glen Park Branch Library. Mr. Choy noted that this agreement called for the vertical and horizontal subdivision of the site giving the Library title to the property, with previously discussed restrictions on sale or alternative uses. The Deputy City Attorney noted that this property, a 7.700 sq. ft corner site at 4th and Berry Streets, was a prominent element in a mixed used facility that also included affordable senior housing, non-profit office space, and some retail spaces. Mr. Choy discussed in great detail: the division of the parcel; the library's share of cost for its portion of the building's costs; made a brief restatement of the sale and use restrictions; and discussed changes in how the payments would be made. Mr. Choy outlined in detail the Construction Rider, easements, reciprocal agreement terms, and issues related to joint use of some spaces. The Deputy City Attorney noted that the Library would receive a ready to move in facility and next outlined the details of the permitting process that the City would undertake during the course of construction of this project. The Deputy City Attorney then described the remaining issues, such as the construction contract, setting a final closing date, and setting a performance schedule, to be worked out prior to the Commission giving its approval to the Purchase and Sale Agreement. Ms. Thompson noted that there would be a 5% cap on additional costs that should be able to fund any unanticipated additional costs thought interest income accumulated on the project's budgeted funds. Ms. Thompson then described the preliminary design for the overall structure highlighting proposed elements of the Library's portion of the building. The Bond Program Manager noted that the Library's L shaped space would be fronted by a curved glass wall facing a creekside promenade. Public comment on AGENDA ITEM #3 PURCHASE & SALE AGREEMENT: MISSION BAY BRANCH LIBRARY : An anonymous member of the public commented that they felt deluged with details and expressed concern about the provision of two parking spaces called for in one draft but not in a later version. This individual suggested that the entire issue raised questions as to why the Library was paying a developer for providing an amenity to its development instead of the developer paying the Library for providing such a benefit. Commission comment on AGENDA ITEM #3 PURCHASE & SALE AGREEMENT: MISSION BAY BRANCH LIBRARY: In response to questions by Vice President Steiman, Ms. Thompson discussed in greater detail what the Library actually owning the property on which the new branch was to be built meant. Ms. Thompson also in response to questions by President Higueras and Vice President Steiman discussed ways that the Library could control its share of costs for major changes in the costs or maintain an escape option for unanticipated problems such as a need for additional pilings for the entire building's foundation. In response to comments by President Higueras, Ms. Thompson also described how soft costs and shell and core elements costs could be managed describing the Library pro-rata share for shared areas of the building. In response to a question by Commissioner Bautista, Ms. Thompson confirmed that a soils analysis had been done and any toxics clean up was the responsibility of Catellus. President Higueras asked that staff develop a model of what the Library could expect in the way of normal operating costs for a new branch library. AGENDA ITEM #5 APPROVAL OF THE MAY 3, 2002 MINUTES Public comment on AGENDA ITEM #5 APPROVAL OF THE MAY 3, 2002 MINUTES: An anonymous member of the public called attention to comments they attributed to Commissioner Coulter regarding the symbolic value and importance of the Library's collections and remarks attributed to Commissioner Bautista making conditional her approval of the Excelsior Branch Library Prop. 14 (State Library Bond) Application on rethinking of the providing of lounge seating that this person found missing from the Minutes. Mr. Ed Regan found his remarks generally accurately reported but clarified that he had merely walked by the Bryant Street building but had not visited it. Commission comment on AGENDA ITEM #5 APPROVAL OF THE MAY 3, 2002 MINUTES: Commissioner Coulter suggested that the Minutes be approved with a clarification of Mr. Regan's remarks on the Bryant Street building and that they also be revised to include his comments that every effort should be made to maintain the size of branch library book collections. Vice President Steiman called attention to the fact that many of the items that listed in branch collections were in fact long gone from the shelves and that much of the apparent reductions were in fact just a more accurate count of what was really there. Motion: by Commissioner Bautista, seconded by Commissioner Steiman for approval of the May 3, 2002 Minutes with correction of Mr. Regan's comments related to the Bryant Street building and Commissioner Coulter's remarks on branch collections. Action: AYE 4-0 (Bautista, Coulter, Higueras, and Steiman) AGENDA ITEM #6 APPROVAL OF THE MAY 16 , 2002 as continued on May 21, 2002 MINUTES Public comment on AGENDA ITEM #6: An anonymous member of the public commented that this was the infamous meeting in two parts and that these Minutes exemplified the Commission's practice of taking the meaning out of the minutes citing discussions of the Design Excellence program, and the approval of a site for the Library Support Services Center. Motion: by Commissioner Bautista, seconded by Commissioner Steiman for approval of the May 16/21, 2002 Minutes. Action: AYE 4-0 (Bautista, Coulter, Higueras, and Steiman) AGENDA ITEM #7 APPROVAL OF THE MAY 21, 2002 MINUTES Public comment on AGENDA ITEM #7 APPROVAL OF THE MAY 21, 2002 MINUTES: An anonymous member of the public expressed appreciation for the Commission taking a break but suggested that the public was most interested in being informed when the Commission returned to session. This individual also pointed out that former Commissioner Norman Wechsler name had been mis-spelled in the In Memoriam adjournment motion. Motion: by Commissioner Bautista, seconded by Commissioner Steiman for approval of the May 21, 2002 Minutes with correction of any mis-spellings. Action: AYE 4-0 (Bautista, Coulter, Higueras, and Steiman) AGENDA ITEM #8 BLIP (Branch Library Improvement Bond program Advisory Committee) REPORT Ms. Hildreth noted that there was no report but that this item was going to be regularly calendared on the Commission's second monthly meeting agenda so as to provide a regular opportunity for the Bond Program Advisory Committee to communicate with the Library Commission. AGENDA ITEM #9 PUBLIC COMMENT An anonymous member of the public objected that they had not been given opportunity for public comment on the Bond Program Advisory Committee Report. The anonymous member of the public found the discussion of the Richmond Branch design process provided an illusion of democracy that might come so close as to make little real difference to real democracy. This person cited a comment by Kant that a person can be fooled by the appearance of reality to such a degree that there is no practical difference with reality. This person commented further on the importance of creating democracy that eliminated barriers of race and class. Mr. Ed Regan suggested that Library public service hours be expanded from 6AM until Midnight 7 days per week. AGENDA ITEM #10 ADJOURNMENT Motion: Commissioner Bautista, seconded by Commissioner Steiman that the meeting be adjourned In memoriam of Library Carpenter Chris Mattis, who had served the Library faithfully and well for more than 20 years. Action: AYE 4-0 (Bautista, Coulter, Higueras, and Steiman) The meeting was adjourned at 7:44PM. Michael Housh, Commission Secretary 8/16/02 Appendix A The Public Comment Summary Statements included in these Minutes are authorized by San Francisco Administrative Code Section 67.16.. These summary statements are provided by the speaker. Their contents are neither generated by, nor subject to approval or verification of accuracy by, the San Francisco Public Library Commission. The number of members of the public who spoke anonymously at this meeting. 1 Public Comment available for viewing in pdf format.


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I don't want to turn Opposable Thumbs into a PS3 love-fest today, although everyone who spent the $500+ for a system has to be happy that things are finally starting to look up for Sony's little investment. The fabled March firmware update is on the way, and we have Virtua Fighter 5 to enjoy this week. I'm looking forward to reviewing Virtua Fighter 5, and I'm even more excited about having a new game for the PS3 that gets me excited in the morning.
Although Virtua Fighter 5 has been reported as being a slow-mover on Japanese shelves, it looks like Sony and Sega have just scored their first #1 PS3 game on the Japanese charts. Wii and DS titles are near unstoppable sales performers in Japan, but it looks like the hardcore fighting game fans are winning out. At least this week.
...Sega's popular fighting title, a day-one release game for Europe, has stormed the charts selling just over 48,000 copies.
It's closest rival is Nintendo's Wii Sports, selling close to 46,000 units.
That's not a huge number, but it's a good PR win, and maybe the game will be a slow burn in terms of Japanese sales. I wonder if the PS3 will avoid a European backlash as bad as what the system saw in North America; launching with several firmware updates already under its belt and a few more solid games on the shelves makes for happier customers.
Good times, I'm looking forward to picking up my copy. And yes, we're all aware this game is coming to the 360 this year. I can feel everyone out there rushing to point that out in the comments. I wonder if a few people will stop reading before this sentence and point it out anyway?

subset: commoncrawl


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When you wash baby bottles, towel-drying them isn't even an option. You have to precariously balance bottles all over your counter as you wait for them to dry–preferably upside down, so they'll drain. The Beaba Bottle Draining Rack makes the process easier, allowing you to set up to six bottles so that they can't be turned over or unbalanced. The rack will also hold up to six nipples, seals, and caps, so you've got all the pieces in one place. In fact, depending on how many bottles you have in rotation, it can make sense to just store your baby bottles on the rack. The vertical design will certainly save you counter space, and you don't have to worry about bottles banging around in the drawer.
The Beaba Bottle Draining Rack is made from BPA-free plastic and is dishwasher-safe. It's compatible with all types of baby bottles, including those bottles with a bend that are particularly hard to balance. The colorful design is intuitive enough that even if you're trying to remove a bottle late at night, it's easy to manage. The rack has a built-in tray to catch drips so you don't dry bottles just to find that your countertop is damp. The Beaba Bottle Draining Rack is available for $34.95.


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/*This is a project that started with the H-Bridge sketch from Arduino Cookbook page 283 andthe PING sensor tutorial at http://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/Ping. Also has some elements of the basic "getting input from a button" Arduino tutorial. There is a PING sensor that constantly locates an "elevator car" on rails. When an "Up" buttonis pressed, the motor runs, acting as a winch, to lift the car. When the "Down" button is pressed, the motor runs the other direction.The program below defines three "floors", with the ground floor position at 3 cm, and each "floor" being 6 cm high.Pressing an Up button will add 6cm to the destination distance amount, and the motor will run until it reaches that position, and stop. Pressing a down button, when the car is not at the "ground" level, will run the motor the other way to allow the car to move down.The loop() function will get the distance from the sensor to the elevator carand control the motor to move the car in the right direction to get to the distance stored in the variable called destinationPosition.*///up and down tact buttonsint btnDown = 2; int btnUp = 3;//H-Bridge pinsconst int hBridgeInputPin2 = 4; //h-bridge input pin 2const int hBridgeInputPin1 = 5; //h-bridge input pin 1const int hBridgeEnablePin = 6; //h-bridge enable pin//The pin number of the PING)) sensor's output.const int pingPin = 7;const int groundFloorPositionCm = 3; //bottom of first floor is 3 cm from sensorconst int topFloorPositionCm = 21; //bottom of the third floor is at 21 cm from sensorconst int floorHeightCm = 6; //a "floor" is 6 cm high. This allows 3 floors betw 3 and 21 cms. //is the car going up? if so, this is set to true. If going down, it's set to false.boolean goingUp = false; //this is the current destination, in cms from the sensor//the motor will run in the correct direction to reach this position, then it will stop.int destinationPosition = -1; void setup(){ //set up serial communication to receive debugging information Serial.begin(9600); //set up pins for the h-bridge pinMode(hBridgeInputPin1, OUTPUT); pinMode(hBridgeInputPin2, OUTPUT); digitalWrite(hBridgeInputPin1, LOW); digitalWrite(hBridgeInputPin2, HIGH); //up and down button pins are used for input pinMode(btnUp, INPUT); pinMode(btnDown, INPUT); //set the initial destination to be the first floor by default. When the loop() function starts running, //it will move the car to the initial position if it's not already there. InitializeElevatorPosition(); }void loop(){ ReadButtons(); ControlMotor(); }void ReadButtons(){ int curDistance = GetCurrentCarPositionCms(); //was the Up button pressed? If the car is stopped, adjust the destination distance, and run the motor to go up. if (digitalRead(btnUp) == LOW) { if (curDistance == destinationPosition && curDistance < topFloorPositionCm) { destinationPosition += floorHeightCm; goingUp = true; } Serial.println("**** button up"); return; } //was the Down button pressed? If the car is stopped, reduce the destination distance and run the motor if (digitalRead(btnDown) == LOW) { if (curDistance == destinationPosition && curDistance > groundFloorPositionCm) { destinationPosition -= floorHeightCm; goingUp = false; } Serial.println("**** button down"); return; }}//when the program starts, move it to the "ground" floorvoid InitializeElevatorPosition(){ destinationPosition = groundFloorPositionCm;}//using the PING))), get the number of centimeters from the sensor//to the bottom of the elevator car.int GetCurrentCarPositionCms(){ // establish variables for duration of the ping, // and the distance result in inches and centimeters: long duration, inches, cm; // The PING))) is triggered by a HIGH pulse of 2 or more microseconds. // Give a short LOW pulse beforehand to ensure a clean HIGH pulse: pinMode(pingPin, OUTPUT); digitalWrite(pingPin, LOW); delayMicroseconds(2); digitalWrite(pingPin, HIGH); delayMicroseconds(5); digitalWrite(pingPin, LOW); // The same pin is used to read the signal from the PING))): a HIGH // pulse whose duration is the time (in microseconds) from the sending // of the ping to the reception of its echo off of an object. pinMode(pingPin, INPUT); duration = pulseIn(pingPin, HIGH); return MicrosecondsToCentimeters(duration);}// Runs motor, if necessary, in the right direction to reach the // current destination. Stops motor (or keeps motor stopped) if at the destination positionvoid ControlMotor(){ int cmsDistanceFromPing = GetCurrentCarPositionCms(); Serial.print(cmsDistanceFromPing); Serial.println(); //we're in the position we want - stop the motor, or leave it stopped. if (cmsDistanceFromPing == destinationPosition) { analogWrite(hBridgeEnablePin, 0); return; } if (cmsDistanceFromPing > destinationPosition) { //destination is below the current position - run the motor clockwise to lower the car digitalWrite(hBridgeInputPin1, HIGH); digitalWrite(hBridgeInputPin2, LOW); } else { //run motor clockwise - lower the car digitalWrite(hBridgeInputPin1, LOW); digitalWrite(hBridgeInputPin2, HIGH); } //make sure the motor is running //use the map() function to control the speed of the motor (between 0 and 255) analogWrite(hBridgeEnablePin, 255); }long MicrosecondsToCentimeters(long microseconds){ // The speed of sound is 340 m/s or 29 microseconds per centimeter. // The ping travels out and back, so to find the distance of the // object we take half of the distance travelled. //http://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/Ping return microseconds / 29 / 2;}
I took the advice from the thread above about using a capacitor (I used 0.1uF) across the terminals of the motor, and it didn't solve the problem.


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UH Alum Robert Wuhl Debuts HIT-LIT at Alma Mater, Now thru 2/2
Robert Wuhl's long stint in show business began at the University of Houston. The actor/director/writer/producer began entertaining audiences as a student in UH's School of Theatre & Dance (SOTD). Now, he's ready to return to his alma mater to begin a new phase in his career.
Wuhl will workshop his first play "Hit-Lit" at UH and will co-direct its premiere production with Steve Wallace, director of SOTD.
Houston audiences will be the first to experience "Hit-Lit" when it runs tonight, Jan. 29 - Feb. 2 in UH's Jose Quintero Theatre. Tickets are $20 and can be purchased by calling 713-743-2929 or by visiting the school's ticket site. Show times are as follows:
• 8 p.m., Jan. 29 - 31, Feb. 1 - 2
"Hit-Lit" follows ambitious young editor Phoebe Saint-Anne, who is on the lookout for the next big book. After she thinks she witnesses a mob-style murder, she engages Julian, the "hit man" to pen his life story.
"It's a screwball romantic comedy very much in the vein of the film 'Tootsie' along with being a satire of the publishing world," Wuhl said.
"Hit-Lit" stars professional actors Karis Danish as Phoebe, Adam Harrington as Julian and Richard Hollis as Norman Pfatt. UH theater students will round out the cast.
Wuhl announced that he was writing "Hit-Lit" during a visit to UH in April. Wallace presented him with the idea of workshopping it at the university, which intrigued the first-time playwright.
"I thought it was a great opportunity," he said. "It's a great school and a great theater program, so it made sense to bring it here. It's also a chance to provide students with practical experience of working on a brand new production with myself and a professional cast."
Following its run at UH, "Hit-Lit" will be performed in March at Queens Theatre in the Park in New York. Wallace and Wuhl also will co-direct the play's off-Broadway run. Both UH and New York productions will utilize a set designed by UH professor Kevin Rigdon. Two UH students also will work on the Queens Theatre production.
"I want our students to see how new plays are developed," Wallace added. "This is a perfect opportunity to do that. Working with a playwright and director on a new work allows them to develop skills that they will use long after they graduate."
Wuhl has extensive film and television writing credits but said he enjoys the immediacy of writing for the stage. Screen projects, he said, can sit in development limbo for extended periods of time. With his first play, he's maintained control of its progress.
"I wanted to see work get done," he said. "Writing a play has been very rewarding. It's a lot of fun. We've had a few readings already, and things have continually been moving forward. And, I've learned a lot in the process. I'm learning about what works and doesn't work and look forward to seeing it on the stage very soon."
After studying at UH's School of Theatre & Dance, he began a career as a stand-up comic in New York and wrote material for Rodney Dangerfield. His screen debut was in the 1980 comedy "Hollywood Knights" (opposite Tony Danza, Michelle Pfeiffer and Fran Drescher). He later appeared in blockbusters such as "Good Morning, Vietnam" (1987), "Bull Durham" (1988) and "Batman" (1989). From 1996 - 2002, he wrote and played the title character in HBO's "Arli$$." Wuhl won two Emmy Awards for co-writing the 1990 and 1991 Academy Awards with Billy Crystal and others. His recent HBO specials "Assume the Position with Mr. Wuhl" feature him holding court in a New York University classroom discussing historical facts and myths. In April, Wuhl was among the former Coogs named 2012 Distinguished Alumni by the UH Alumni Association. A complete list of Wuhl's television and film credits can be found on the Internet Movie Database.
The UH School of Theatre and Dance produces professional plays, dance concerts, Studio Productions, a new play festival and school shows through the Theatre for Young Audiences program. The school performs in the Wortham Theatre and the Quintero Theatre. The Houston Shakespeare Festival is a professional project of the school, which is produced each summer at Miller Outdoor Theatre. The UH School of Theatre & Dance offers bachelor's and master's degrees in theater and teacher certifications in dance and theatre. Its graduate program consists of a master of arts in theatre and master of fine arts in theatre with specializations in acting, directing and design. Faculty includes Pulitzer Prize winning playwright Edward Albee, Tony Award-winning playwright Mark Medoff, Tony Award-winning producer Stuart Ostrow and Tony-nominated designer Kevin Rigdon. Among the greats who have taught at the school in previous years are Lanford Wilson, Sir Peter Hall and Jose Quintero. In 2012, the school was named "Best College Theater" in the Houston Press Theater Awards. For details on UH's School of Theatre & Dance, visit www.theatredance.uh.edu.


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UnNews:Vatican decries "Miracle Bra"
This article is part of UnNews, your source for up-to-the-microsecond misinformation.
30 January 2007
VATICAN FLOTILLA, Dalmation Coast -- During his regular 'fireside chat' on Sunday night Pope Benedict XVI condemned the Victoria's Secret Miracle Bra as unmiraculous.
"It's a good brassiere, but it's far from a bona fide miracle. Only the Lord does those, and I hardly think He works for Victoria's Secret. Sure, He works in mysterious ways, but that's just ridiculous. He's too busy putting images of the Virgin Mary on dirty windows and pieces of toast to worry about boobs." Ratzinger told Roman Catholics worldwide via his weekly radio broadcast.
"Again, only God and He, through His vessels on Earth, can perform miracles." he repeated, "The Congregation for the Causes of Saints isn't going to waste its valuable time investigating the alleged miracle of two scraps of fabric that lift and separate a pair of His most filthy creations, tits."
"Really, we here at the Vatican have more important things to do, like forgiving pedophilic priests, enraging Muslims and abetting the spread of AIDS across the third world."
A conservative Roman Catholic who makes other conservative Roman Catholics appear practically liberal by comparison, Joseph Ratzinger's worldview is well known: protect the reputation of God's One True Church™, harass and annoy followers of false Gods, and prevent sinners from using condoms. "Rubbers help protect people from His divine will." he once wrote in his diary, "It is our hallowed duty to ensure that His will is carried out, no matter how much we end up spreading His loving misery in the process. Fornication for purposes other than reproduction is proscribed as the sinful sin that it is; bumping uglies while using any form of birth control other than the 'rhythm method' compounds that sin by helping to protect sinners from the consequences of His most dirty act."
The only form of birth control sanctioned by the Roman Catholic church is the 'rhythm method'. This is because it's a remarkably cheap and efficient way to get pregnant. If there's one thing for which the Holy See is known, it's their wicked, if dry, sense of humor.
He closed the chat by saying, "Man is His greatest creation. Woman is a distant second, an afterthought if you will. Fun bags aren't even in the top one thousand on His list of greatest creations. They're down at the bottom of the list, between Protestants and minge. Frankly, I don't see why He bothered to make them at all; I, for one, have gone through most of my life without them, and I'm getting along just fine. Heck, I'm the Pope for Christ's sake. If I can rise to this position without ever getting to second base, imagine what someone who isn't God's word on Earth could do?"
|This article features first-hand journalism by an UnNews correspondent.


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Nokia N95, Samsung G600 and Sony Ericsson K850 Camera Comparison
posted by PhoneArena Team / Sep 24, 2007, 10:00 AM
Almost all modern mobile phones have integrated digital cameras. Exceptions are the ultra low-end models and the ones, targeted to people who can't bring any type of camera, due to security restrictions, etc. But it's not only about having a camera, it's about its features and quality. A separate class of "high-end dedicated cameraphones" appeared and we like you,the readers were interested in "who's the best".
Last time we did a comparison on the best cameraphones, the N95 won mostly because of its resolution, which is 5-megapixels. The rival models from other brands were only 3-megapixel and the only other 5-megapixel device (the KG920) was not a deal breaker. Today, the things are different. Sony Ericsson and Samsung already showed their 5-megapixel GSM phones and we are ready to test them, compared to the N95.
Unfortunately, K850 is still in pre-production or beta status, which means that once it finally launches, its camera performance may actually differ. This is the reason why we won't really rate the images from the comparisons. We know that many of you are curious to see how the K850 performs, even being a prototype, so we will publish our tests. You can decide which is the best, but keep in mind, once the K850 final unit appears, we will publish an in-depth comparison with other 5-megapixel (or more) cameraphones.
Phones currently tested:
- Nokia N95
- Samsung SGH-G600
- Sony Ericsson K850 (Prototype)
And Canon SD630 6-megapixel camera for reference
We've put the devices through a few tests, which you will find in the following pages.
25 Comments
1. SE unregistered
i think that k850 has the best cam, some pics are even better than that canon cam, and it stills a prototype .. i think those pics will be way better when they releas it.
posted on Oct 20, 2010, 1:55 AM 0
2. vctrdnl unregistered
well i think that the photos taken by k850 are the worst-they are too pale (at least the majority of them, but some of the photos are really good) for me the camera quality of g600 i surprisingly good, having in mind the fact that all samsung phones have failed in such tests till now...
posted on Sep 24, 2007, 1:20 PM 0
3. Toa unregistered
wow the N95 didn't really do so well comparing to the other 2. The G600 is pretty good! K850 didn't really surprise me there.
posted on Sep 24, 2007, 4:36 PM 0
4. unregistered
the g600 is surprisingly better than the other 2. its color is most comparable to that of the digicam. k850 and n95 are worst in different situation.
posted on Sep 24, 2007, 10:44 PM 0
5. unregistered
i personally think n95 did the best except in low light situation, which was the same problem with n80 (i have n80 as well as samsung d900, both of which are 3 mp-i think d900 beat the n80 in terms of picture quality). but this time the g600 looks very blurred in some and overexposed in others. i think the n95 was the truest to real color, again except in low light situations. not even going to mention the SE.
posted on Sep 24, 2007, 11:29 PM 0
6. Jesse unregistered
the nokia hands down has the besy camera
posted on Sep 25, 2007, 12:01 AM 0
7. nick unregistered
well there is no one solution than this 4. place k850, 3. place canon, 2. place g600, and of course first place take n95
posted on Sep 25, 2007, 3:03 AM 0
8. shane unregistered
I'm actually amazed at how poorly the k850 did in these tests.It only excels in the low light situations.Also can't believe how well the g600 did.The n95 did better in most photos,but I have to say I think the g600 comes out on top.
posted on Sep 26, 2007, 11:04 AM 0
9. sean unregistered
for anyone who still thinks the g600 is better than nokia, just look at how over-exposed the yellow flowers are in the comparison photo. the nokia did bad also, but samsung just blew it big time. also, if you look at all of them next to each other (i cut and paste for side-by-side comparison), you will see that nokia produced sharper images and more true-to-life than samsung. this comparison piece really helped. i was almost ready to buy the g600 but now i think i'll go for the n95.
posted on Sep 26, 2007, 10:51 PM 0
10. kashif unregistered
Most of the pics of g600 are very good in every aspect, like day time photo grapy, nitetime, And also good in showing different colors near to reallity as compared to K850 & N95. Basically i am basicly an SE fan, but unfortunately results shown by g600 pics are good than k850. Welldone g600 u are hero of 5mp camera mobiles till the next coming.
posted on Sep 27, 2007, 2:16 PM 0
11. JKV unregistered
In my opinion G600 is a very good performer,i think it can handle all the situation very well. K850 is very worse,all the photo taken had a white overlay except those taken under low light.Though it is a beta one why was the white overlay absent in low light condition but was seen elsewhere?any reason... N95 was equal/better than g600 but in low light it completely gave off.But certain things have to be appreciated as in night outdoor shots the streetlamp glowed in other 2 phones but it didnt in n95. G600 - 8 N95 - 7 K850 -5
posted on Sep 27, 2007, 2:19 PM 0
12. G600 unregistered
G600 is more than a match for Canon, especially in print.
posted on Sep 28, 2007, 10:17 AM 0
13. unregistered
Without a doubt K850 is the winner. Second is N95
posted on Oct 01, 2007, 3:29 PM 0
14. khan unregistered
considering the size of mobile, i think G600 is best because it is much slimmer than n95 and k850. g600 rocks
posted on Oct 02, 2007, 3:23 PM 0
15. Tony unregistered
been doing bit ov research for last few days on the 3 phones and it came down to design and camara and it was the g600 that did it sleek an sexy, camara faired well alround althou it is slugish at takin pics they can blur but still best pictures produced when taken from 2-4 mters and gave best background detail i've orderd mine carnt wait!
posted on Oct 08, 2007, 8:05 PM 0
16. Tino Mclaren unregistered
I love the pic quality of my K750i (2mp) I have ordered the g600 yesterday but was worried how it would fair against the K850 but these pics are really good and im not so worried. I have reservations as to the final quality of the K850 as I think once all the settings are finalised then pic quality will improve....how much it improves...who knows and this whole excercise will im sure be done once agiain. As the cameras are now the N95 takes a 'Fuller' pic in daylight but when light fails its rubbish........The K850 is not performing very well in any condition (I think this will change tho) and the g600 is doing pretty well all round. So its the g600 at the moment for me. I've got a week to try my g600, im hoping the K850 will appear on the market within a week or im stuck for 18 months!! Oh well in for a penny.... Come on Sony get the K850 out NOW PLEASE....
posted on Oct 09, 2007, 7:28 AM 0
19. Mario unregistered
I will not differ from most of ppl here and i'll say yeah the g600 is the best. keep in mind this comparison is btn the 3 mobiles and the cannon cam is the reference as no one can beat the quality of canon cameras not even sony. I can see clearly that the samsung's phone is the most identical to the canon. That's 1st. 2nd Thing. we are all sure that N95 is more than just a phone coz all of its powerful features but look at the price too. Samsung can do it very well and produce the world's cheapest and most beautiful phones like no other. In this case, the G600 is packed of very very Very nice features like it can record from the radio IN MP3 QUALITYYYY!!!! imagine ???!!!!. So if u want a powerful device with unlimited features buy N95. If u wanna buy a stylish phone with the most likely dedicated camera buy a G600 and its features will be surprising too. that's alll sony ericsson ?? what can i say ? i'd better wait for the final edition and hope the new coming rocking monster G800 would not beat him with its 3x optical zoom and better camera.
posted on Oct 18, 2007, 3:52 PM 0
20. Jeff unregistered
N95 is clearly out because it's no good in low light, and a phone camera is often used in low light conditions. Of the other three, the G600 and the Canon over-saturate the colours. Yes, the pictures look pretty but they're not true to life. If you want implausibly blue sky you can use photo-editing software to get that effect, but my preference is a camera that is true to life. The G600 struggles in a number of the shots and seems to have a problem wiith darker areas towards the edge of the frame. Whilst the Canon is clearly technically superior, where the K850 wins is its versatility: it does something good with shots that all the other three fail on, in several cases. I have an expensive Canon camera with lots of settings already, my phone camera should complement that by being point and shoot - so that versatility would make me go for the K850 any time. If you don't like the "white film", yes it does tend to over-expose a little, but not so much as to lose the highlights, so just pull down the blacks on your PC and that problem goes away.
posted on Oct 26, 2007, 7:02 PM 0
21. unregistered
Ok. It is clear to see that the G600 stands atop this competition. With the G600, you no longer need to keep an extra digicam at home. Imagine, you are bringing a mobile phone and a digicam with you; and it's a G600! If it can ALMOST rival the image quality of a Canon camera, then it is UNDENIABLY the best cameraphone around!! Way to go, Samsung! I now understand why you are the World's #1 consumer electronics brand!! Can't wait to grab myself a G800!
posted on Oct 31, 2007, 5:40 AM 0
22. Chava unregistered
But the G600 comes in a close 2nd so close that i just had 2 buy a g600 and i just got 1 off ebay 4 $200!!!! the N95 i think adds way to much color as if they put a locked pastel mode hahah & a pro critic agrees that it may just discolor some pics As i did so much research on all of these phones including the LG Viewty plus the g600 does not have an LED flash it has a POWER LED flash. so basicly. excluding the cannon. 1.Samsung G600-9 2.Nokia N95-8.8 3.LG Viewty-8.5 (must see) 4.S.E. K850-8.3
posted on Nov 29, 2007, 6:24 AM 0
23. Electronic Dude unregistered
Most affordable. Great specifications. High performance. Definitely for those who think before they buy. The price is not worthy. Good thing Samsung is considerate. This review/ comments removed all my doubts about this phone. Those doubts embedded in my mind by the review in gsmarena.com
posted on Jan 27, 2008, 1:51 AM 0
24. G600 DA BEST unregistered
the g6oo is the best fone ot of them lol
posted on Feb 03, 2008, 4:47 PM 0
25. Imran unregistered
4. k850 3. canon 2. g600 1. n95 But Samsung G600 Is My fav.
posted on Mar 26, 2008, 12:15 PM 0
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OAKLAND CITY – Saffron Ragan of Troy was recently named to the Oakland City University dean's list.
She is a freshman majoring in business administration and is expected to graduate in May 2012. She has also received an excellence award in fine arts.
Nancy J. Lasher of Branchville was also named to the university's dean's list and graduated May 7 with an associate's degree in business administration.
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My big fat Greek bailout - but will Europe pay?
Date created : Latest update :
While Markus Kerber in Berlin argues that "only Greece can save Greece" by quitting the eurozone, Athens University's Yanis Varoufakis rebuts that this would trigger a disastrous domino effect for the whole continent.
- Raquel GARRIDO, National Secretary for Parti de Gauche.
- Yanis VAROUFAKIS, Economics Professor, Athens University (from Athens)
- Markus C. KERBER, Professor of Political Economics, Technische Universität of Berlin (from Berlin).
- Vanessa ROSSI, International Economics Fellow, Chatham House think-tank (from London).


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Description:Genuine HP 8GB (2x4GB) Registered PC2-5300Low Power Dual-Rank SDRAM Memory KitPart Number(s)
Option Part# 483403-B21 (2 x 4GB modules)
Assembly Part# 487005-061 (1 x 4GB - 2 per kit)
Note:Our HP Part# 483403-B21 is guaranteed genuine HP product with a
HP serial number and logo.We do not sell 3rd party HP memory.
Overview:Information technology professionals rely on HP quality to ensure maximum productivity. As the power of applications processors memory adapters and storage devices increases high-end computer users are seeking ways to optimize their system performance. HP provides leading solutions adding new levels of performance availability flexibility and management.


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Built to take it, so what else could you call it?
When Joe Rice of Chalfont, Pennsylvania, was a teenager, he was probably the coolest kid in his class. You see, back then, Joe was the proud owner of a 'Cuda. Now, this 'Cuda wasn't his first car, but it was definitely the one that left an impression on him. Unfortunately, things happen, and life gets in the way, and as happens so many times, the 'Cuda was sold.
Fast Facts
1973 Barracuda
Joe Rice, Chalfont, Pennsylvania
|Mopar Power
|Engine: The 440 not only features the Littlefield blower, but underneath are Eagle H-beam connecting rods, JE pistons, and an Eagle steel crankshaft. The Comp Cams' solid roller features lift numbers of .667/.654, and duration that is 289/297 at .050-inch lift. Edelbrock heads cover the cylinders, and help create an 8.5:1 compression ratio. Finally, a pair of Demon 850-cfm carburetors feed it all.
|Transmission: The 727 uses parts from TCI and B&M. The torque converter stalls at a healthy 4,500 rpm.
|Rear: It's from Moser, its sheetmetal, it's virtually indestructible, and it houses a spool with 4.88 gears.
|Sure Grip
|Suspension: The front suspension is stock with the addition of QA-1 shocks, and tubular upper control arms. The rear features a custom ladder bar suspension with more QA-1 shocks.
|Brakes: All four corners are all Wilwood.
|Wheels/Tires: The wheels are Weld Magnum Drag 2.0, and measure 15×31⁄2, and 15×15 respectively. Wrapping the Weld's are Mickey Thompson 26×6-15 and 23×19.5-15 tires.
|High Impact
|Paint/Body: The Sherwin Williams Planet Colors of purple and gray were applied by Paint by Weaver in Pottstown, Pennsylvania. Does the front end look a little odd for a '73 'Cuda? It should, as the front end and tail panel have been swapped for 1971 pieces.
|Interior: Joe restored the interior himself, and added the Corbeau seats, Pioneer sounds, and custom console and kick panels.
Fast forward to mid-2005, and Joe realizes that he misses his 'Cuda, and wants to get another one. To accomplish this, like so many others, he turned to the Internet. He found a suitable project on an auction site, and placed a bid that he thought was fair. The car that was posted was the '73 Barracuda that you see here (yes, I said '73; keep reading), but it didn't look this good at the time. Joes tells us, "The car was pink with black billboards. It had been back-halved, and had dual quads on it. I lost the auction, but after the car was reposted and didn't sell, the owner contacted me about buying it." The two guys struck a deal, and Joe headed for Pensacola, Florida, to pick up his Barracuda.
Back in Pennsylvania, He drove the car for a while, and even took it to Atco Raceway a couple of times, where it ran a best of 10.20 in the quarter-mile. But, Joe soon decided that it was time to make the car his own. He enlisted friend Dave Guenst of Guenst Motorsports to lend a hand with the new cage, and Denny Weaver of Paint by Weaver got the nod to cover everything in Sherwin Williams purple and Silver.
I show it, drive it, and race it. I built it to beat it.
Since Joe had traded the race engine for the paint and body work, he needed another motorvator to put under–or in this case under and through the hood. Big Al's Toy Box put together a blown 440 that Joe could drive, race and basically do anything he wanted to. With the help of Jeff Wenhold, Jeff Weidemoyer, and Dale Renner, the car was finally reborn, and roared to life. But, all was not happy at this time.
Joe tells us that his first time out, he stood the car up, and twisted the rear end housing. In went the new Moser sheet metal unit, and that situation was handled. It was at this time that he also realized that the engine needed some tuning attention, so Mark Rubright and his crew jumped in and made sure the 440 was happy and healthy.
As Joe said, he couldn't have built this car like he did without the help of some true friends, and his car is a tribute to the help and power of that friendship.
Check out moparmuscle.com for extra, unseen images of this great feature car.


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Here are a few Kindle eBooks that are free at time of post. Prices flip fast so be sure these state $0.00 or Free before purchasing!
Mini Farming: Becoming Self Sufficient…
Bread Made Easy: Delicious and Simple Handmade Artisan Bread (The Art of Baking Series Book 1)
JeBouffe Home Canning Step by Step Guide (second edition) Revised and Expanded
Confessions Of A Maid: How To Clean Your House In Half The Time
Everyday Vegetarian Family Cookbook: 100 Delicious Meatless Breakfast, Lunch and Dinner Recipes you Can Make in Minutes! (Healthy Cookbook Series)
Freezer Meals: Quick and Easy Money-Saving Recipes
Beginner Soap Making: Simple Homemade Recipes
The Prepper's Guide to Survival Food Storage (Survival Family Basics – Preppers Survival Handbook Series)
Food Dehydration For Beginners, Drying Vegetables, Fruits, Herbs, Jerky, Seeds, Nuts
Indoor Gardening Essentials: The Essential Guide for Growing Herbs and Vegetables from Home
Minecraft: The Herobrine Files – A Minecraft Novel
My Silly Kitty (Birthday Kitty!)
All The Baby Animals In The Woods
Children's Book: Michael the Grumpy Little Boy
Fairies and Fireflies: Bedtime Stories
Remember, you don't need a Kindle to read these as you can download an App on your cell phone, PC, Mac, etc.


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It's been a long time since we've seen a new David Blaine special, much less two. While these two shows, scheduled to air Sunday on The Travel Channel don't promise new footage, they do promise unseen footage in a documentary style:
- 8 p.m.: "David Blaine: Beautiful Struggle." This show promises a glimpse into the inspiration behind David Blaine's stunts and feats of endurance. According to a post on his Facebook fan page, this special has been called the best of all of them, because it shares a deeper, more personal look at the man. Maybe we magicians will finally get a good answer to the question, "Why do you do the stunts instead of the magic?"
- 9 p.m.: "David Blaine: Discover Magic." This is the one we REALLY want to see — it's a collection of David Blaine's magic through the years, including the first tape he shot. It documents Blaine's evolution as a magician, including his first children's parties, his teen years and independently shooting the TV special that redefined street magic and — let's be honest, here — opened the door for a new, powerful kind of close-up magic.
The two new shows will be preceded by a marathon of all his other magic specials. Here's the teaser:


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Home » Youtube - All Videos » Immigration Reform Rally — 4/10/13
Most Recent Videos
The HOPE Center: Fighting Mental Health Stigma in the Black Church
The HOPE Center of First Corinthian Baptist Church in Harlem, N.Y. is working to make mental health resources available to their congregation and community.
Sharing Our Stories Women Against Domestic Violence
The Summit: World Change Through Faith & Justice
Visit http://www.summitforchange.com for more information. An intentional gathering of leaders committed to conversation and collaboration. June 18-21, 2014 | Washington, DC | Georgetown University
Sojo Stories: March
It may have taken a little bit of prodding — a little 'you-want-me-to-do-what?' and a lot of faith — but in the end, Congressman John Lewis agreed to go along with staffer Andrew Aydin's out-of-the-bo
Sojo Stories: March
It may have taken a little bit of prodding — a little 'you-want-me-to-do-what?' and a lot of faith — but in the end, Congressman John Lewis agreed to go along with staffer Andrew Aydin's out-of-the-bo
#Pray4Reform: Evangelicals Flood Capitol to Urge Immigration Reform
Members of the Evangelical Immigration Table — along with hundreds of evangelical Christians from across the country — prayed, worshiped, and put hands and feet to their faith by visiting their member
Jim Wallis Talks Trayvon Martin, Race, and Faith
Jim Wallis Talks Trayvon Martin, Race, and Faith. Visit http://sojo.net/rememberingtrayvon to continue reading Sojourners' series about Trayvon Martin, race, and faith.
Crowds Await SCOTUS Decisions on Same-Sex Marriage
At the Supreme Court this morning, an expectant crowd gathered hoping to catch the decisions firsthand. Most in attendance were visibly supportive of same-sex marriage, and many were cautiously optimi
Sojo Stories: Jeremy Scahill
Sojourners sits down with The Nation Magazine's National Security Correspondent Jeremy Scahill on his book & documentary Dirty Wars and the moral implications of drone warfare.
Would Putting Me in Prison Serve the Common Good?
Does our current prison system reflect our priorities as a county? What if there was another way. Part of Sojourners' Common Good Video Series and created by Beyond Bars, this video presents a differe
Superstorm Sandy: Getting Back Up
Filmmaker Farihah Zaman of New York, caught the resilience and acts of service in the aftermath of Sandy on video. Here, she shows us how tragedy can turn into a joint effort to acheive the common goo
Common Good Video Series: Rebirth in the Dominican Republic
Fundsasurza is a nonprofit in the Dominican Republic that focuses holistically on the community. Through recycling programs, it funds services for senior citizens, who in turn, pass on cultural tradit
Evangelical Day of Prayer & Action on Immigration Reform
Sojo Stories: The Last Bison
Chesapeake, Va.-based folk band The Last Bison talked with Sojourners about music, creativity, and God before their show in Washington, D.C., a while back. Be sure to listen to their recently released
Interfaith Gun Violence Prayer Vigil - April 11, 2013
Sojourners' Jim Wallis, PICO's Michael McBride, and other religious leaders led a multi-faith prayer vigil to remember all those who have lost their lives and commemorate their deaths with crosses and
Sojo Stories: GAVI Alliance
On God's Side Promo
New York Times Bestselling Author Jim Wallis discusses the themes of his latest book, On God's Side. For more information check out the On God's Side website: http://ongodsside.com/
On God's Side: What Religion Forgets and Politics Hasn't Learned About Serving the Common Good
New York Times Bestselling Author Jim Wallis discusses the themes of his latest book, On God's Side. Special thanks to Matt Willingham for extra video footage.
Sojo Stories: The Preemptive Love Coalition
A few weeks back at the Justice Conference we had the chance to sit down with Jeremy Courtney, cofounder of the Preemptive Love Coalition, and tell the story of his work in Iraq providing heart surger
The Bible: Jim Wallis Comments on The Last Supper


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When you are pregnant, it may feel like your body is not your own any more as your body changes in unexpected ways.
Being aware of your new body is just one of the many benefits of prenatal yoga, which is why I encourage pregnant women to try it.
I talk to all of my patients about the benefits of exercise and prenatal yoga, so if this is a conversation that you haven't had yet with your healthcare provider, it is one you want to have. You should talk to your doctor or midwife before you start yoga or any type of exercise class during pregnancy.
Why prenatal yoga?
There are numerous studies about the benefits of prenatal yoga. Possible benefits include improving sleep, reducing stress and anxiety, and increasing the strength and flexibility of muscles.


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Green Coffee Bean Oil Your Natural Side has anti-aging, firming, moisturizing, regenerating and soothing properties.
It is recommended for dry skin, problem skin, reduced elasticity and prevent cellulite and stretch marks. Safe for sensitive skin around the eyes. Ideal for a firming massage.
Green Coffee Oil is produced by the cold pressing of immature coffea Arabica coffee beans. The first mention of the fruit of the coffee, they came from Ethiopia a thousand years ago BC where they were eaten cooked with the addition of butter and salt. The Coffee tree, a shrub growing to a height of 5 meters. Its fruit is a dark red, fleshy stone containing two flattened seeds on one side. The name of the coffee is derived from the Arabic kahwa, but it has penetrated most of the languages through the Italian name caffe. Green Coffee Oil owes its name to the green color of unripe coffee beans.
Cold pressed, unrefined.
How to Use:
as a face cream - take a small amount of butter to massage the face, neck and neckline. To enhance the effect, you can mix in your hand with your favorite oil or with hyaluronic acid in the gel - it will moisturize your skin and make it look velvety smooth.
as a body lotion - massage a small amount of butter into the skin. You can mix the butter with any oil to ease the application. Massage the selected body parts - warm up any amount of butter and then massage the selected body parts. You can mix previously with any base oil to make the application easier,
mask for the hair - warm butter, put on dry hair at least 20 minutes before washing, then wash your hair with shampoo without SLS. To enhance the effect, apply for a longer period, eg for the all night,
to protect the ends of the hair - to regenerate and protect the hair tips from harmful weather conditions, tangles and treatments (such as straightening), rub a small amount of butter into dry or wet hair ends,
perfect for the hard skin - massage a small amount of butter into the hard places on the skin like elbows or knees. You can use avocado butter also as regenerative treatment for cracked heels or dry hands. For this purpose, before bed, massage the butter into the heel of the skin/hands and then put on cotton socks/gloves. You can also additionally wrap your feet / hands with foil,
as a mask for hands - massage a few drops of oil in your hands as needed. You can use this oil also as a regenerative treatment for the palm. To do this, before bed, massage more oil in your hands, then put on cotton gloves,
as a nail conditioner - a few drops of oil massage in your nails and skin. In this way, you will rejuvenate, strengthen and moisturize damaged, brittle nails.
Coffea Arabica Seed Oil
You can find here natural cosmetics: Aleppo Sopas, Be Organic, Fresh&Natural, MomMe, Resibo and more...
I have a pleasure to welcome you in this great place, which I am the initiator. With the help of a design support I homesteaded, hopefully a welcoming and useful 'area' of the internet - I hope you will enjoy your visit.
The impulse to create this 'corner' may seem somewhat prosaic, because as the saying goes "if you cannot have what you love, you love what you have" - you import it. Love for natural cosmetics made, that I started to look for all kinds of eco-brands. It turned out that many precious pearls comes from the country of my origin. Poles have created the fantastic natural cosmetics. However, products that were potentially desired by many were unreachable where we live now - in UK. We would like to share with you the good coming from the green warehouses.
All this in order to bring us closer to the green side of the force - more about that in "Our Mission".
Patrycja Pieglowska - I'm leading the supply line of our store, organizing promotions and similar events, preparing deliveries, dispelling doubts and mitigating any disputes.
Lukasz Pason - design, build and ongoing technical support of the store.
The EcoEuphoria brand was born from the merging of dreams, passion and love for (mainly) natural cosmetics. Our motivation was a desire to improve the quality of our life in general. Starting from the diet, through exercising the body and mind to care for the environment, good relationships with people and care for the body and soul in the end. We are not entirely all over it, but the desire to experience our short road of life on earth – at the highest level possible – is pushing us towards new, fresh solutions. We believe that you want give what is the best for you, your family and friends. Therefore, no matter if we start from the diet, or cosmetics, it's important that we want to make changes, we are trying and testing if the nature is good for us. We are here to help you in these tests and evoke a smile on your face - even for a moment. We try to give you what is the best, healthy and safe (also for our environment) and to encourage you to "taste" but the choice is always in your hands.


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Ski guides lauded in road rescue
Fatal wreck survivor aided by ski helicopter
George Keeney, chief of the Valdez Fire Department is sending out a well-deserved thank you to Valdez Heli-Guides after the operators of the helicopter skiing operation interrupted a guided tour to come to the aid of a Valdez woman who was critically injured in a wreck on the Richardson Highway that included a fatality.
"They totally shut-down their whole process," to help in the badly needed rescue Keeney said. "That was just to help somebody in need, that's what they did do."
Alaska State Troopers say they were alerted to the accident at 2:23 p.m., Friday, which occurred at Mile 53.7 of the Richardson Highway.
"Initial investigation indicates a 2006 Toyota truck, driven by Patrick Mullen, 29, of Glennallen, was headed southbound when the truck started fishtailing and crossed into opposite lane of traffic," Troopers said in a statewide dispatch. "The front end of a northbound 2008 Dodge Nitro, driven by Ronald Wilkinson, 37, of Valdez, struck the truck behind the driver's side door. The truck rolled an unknown number of times and came to rest on its roof in the northbound lane. The Dodge bounced around off of the snow berm, but remained in the northbound lane until it came to rest still upright."
Mullen was pronounced dead at the scene. However, Valdez woman Shannon Keithley, age 37, the driver's side passenger in the Dodge, was in critical need of trauma care.
Keeney said emergency responders requested a response from Life Flight.
"Weather-wise, they couldn't get to it," Keeney said.
That is when the crew and helicopter from Valdez Heli-Guides stepped in.
"They did a fantastic job," Keeney said. "We transported the rest of them – from Kenny Lake ambulance and Valdez ambulance," to the Valdez hospital.
Troopers say three minors in the backseat of the Dodge were transported by ambulance to Providence Valdez Medical Center for treatment of non-life threatening injuries.
"Everybody worked real good together," Keeney said, "Valdez police were great, too."
Ironically, troopers say all three backseat passengers – who ranged in age from 6 to 15 years - were not wearing seatbelts.
Mullen, who died during the accident, was wearing a seat belt. Troopers said next of kin were notified and Mullen's body was sent to the State Medical Examiner's Office for an autopsy.


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Four Peabody-Burns seniors were selected for Wheat State League basketball honors. Rayna Barnes, Christian Gard, and Austin Savage were first-team picks, and Brandee Burnett was selected for honorable mention.
PBHS gets four on all-league teams
Last modified March 21, 2013
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Note: This press release is a 1:1 copy of the original issued by BMW Group in Germany. No adaptations have been made to cater for the Australian market and may not be representative of local models or specification.
Munich. The new BMW M6 Coupe and new BMW M6 Gran Coupe (fuel consumption combined: 9.9 l/100 km [28.5 mpg imp]*; CO2 emissions combined: 231 g/km*) and new BMW M6 Convertible (fuel consumption combined: 10.3 l/100 km [27.4 mpg imp]*; CO2 emissions combined: 239 g/km*) allow BMW M GmbH to restate its leadership in the highperformance luxury segment. The outgoing models had already set new benchmarks with the flawless balance of power, efficiency, agility, comfort and luxury that is typical of M models. And now the new BMW M6 Coupe, new BMW M6 Convertible and new BMW M6 Gran Coupe are poised to write a fresh chapter in this success story, fuelled by an even more finely honed, well-resolved overall concept.
Powerful, sporty appearance.
The new BMW M6 Coupe, new BMW M6 Convertible and new BMW M6 Gran Coupe announce their high-performance credentials before they even turn a wheel thanks to their athletic and dynamic appearance. A front end with new, standard-fitted LED headlights makes their intentions immediately clear – the M-specific double-bar kidney grille and eye-catching front apron with large air intakes see to that. The powerfully sculpted front wings with hallmark M gills (including integrated side indicators), the side skirts and the exclusive forged 19- inch M light-alloy wheels (BMW M6 Gran Coupe exclusive forged 20-inch M light-alloy wheels) only add to this impression. The sporting looks of the new BMW M6 Coupe, new BMW M6 Convertible and new BMW M6 Gran Coupe are rounded off by a rear apron with integrated diffuser insert, two sets of M-specific twin tailpipes and the M6 logo on the boot lid. Another exclusive M feature is the ultra-lightweight contoured carbon roof of the new BMW M6 Coupe and new BMW M6 Gran Coupe, which also helps to lower the cars' centre of gravity visually.
The sporty and luxurious high-performance essence of BMW M GmbH also shines through in the interior of the new BMW M6 Coupe, new BMW M6 Convertible and new BMW M6 Gran Coupe. Key elements here are the M leather steering wheel featuring shift paddles for the M Double Clutch Transmission with Drivelogic and M Drive, along with the distinctive M gearshift lever, special M instrument cluster, iPhone-style Central Information Display, centre console in black panel look and the M version of the BMW Head-Up Display. Setting the seal on the exclusive Merino full-leather interior appointments with contrast stitching are the electrically adjustable M sports seats, illuminated M door sill finishers with M6 logo, and an M driver's footrest.
Excellent performance and outstanding efficiency:
The exceptional performance and outstanding efficiency of the new BMW M6 Coupe, new BMW M6 Convertible and new BMW M6 Gran Coupe are underpinned by the remarkable 4.4-litre turbocharged V8 engine. This high-tech power unit impresses with its innovative M TwinPower Turbo technology – consisting of a pair of TwinScroll turbochargers, cross-bank exhaust manifolds, High Precision Direct Petrol Injection, Double-VANOS and VALVETRONIC – and customary M attributes, such as a powerful and sustained wave of torque from low rpm, instantaneous responses, an enormous appetite for revs, linear power delivery and a familiar M soundtrack. At the same time, the M turbocharged engine is highly efficient, making for excellent fuel economy.
The 4.4-litre turbocharged V8 engine develops 412 kW/560 hp between 6,000 and 7,000 rpm in the new BMW M6 Coupe, new BMW M6 Convertible and new BMW M6 Gran Coupe, and its peak torque of 680 Nm (501 lb-ft) is available across a broad rev band (1,500 – 5,750 rpm). Yet the new BMW M6 Coupe and new BMW M6 Gran Coupe also post combined fuel consumption in the ECE test cycle of just 9.9 litres/100 km (28.5 mpg imp)*, equating to CO2 emissions combined of 231 g/km* (BMW M6 Convertible: fuel consumption combined: 10.3 l/100 km [27.4 mpg imp]*; CO2 emissions combined: 239 g/km*). These fuel consumption and emissions figures are evidence of the M turbocharged engine's supreme efficiency. Its excellent power delivery allows the new BMW M6 Coupe to accelerate from 0 to 100 km/h / 62 mph in 4.2 seconds (BMW M6 Convertible 4.3 sec., BMW M6 Gran Coupe 4.2 sec.). The top speed of the new BMW M triumvirate is electrically limited to 250 km/h (155 mph).
The new BMW M6 models transfer the engine's power to their rear wheels via a seven-speed M Double Clutch Transmission (M DCT) with Drivelogic. M DCT changes gear with no interruption in the flow of power and features the Low Speed Assistant, which enables "creep on demand" up to 15 km/h (9 mph). The driver can also choose to take control manually using the paddles on the steering wheel. The standard-fitted Active M Differential splits the engine's power between the rear wheels according to the driving situation and the condition of the road, thus improving traction, agility and driving safety. M carbon ceramic brakes can be specified as an option for the new BMW M6 Coupe, new BMW M6 Convertible and new BMW M6 Gran Coupe.
Competition Package available as an option.
Drivers with particularly lofty sporting ambitions may like to specify their cars with the optional Competition Package. Conceived to enhance the handling properties of M models with targeted precision, the Competition Package adheres to the principle applied in the development of all BMW M cars: detailed suspension tuning based on the engine's performance characteristics in order to blend maximum performance with authoritative and precisely controllable responses even in extremely dynamic driving situations.
The Competition Package raises the output of the M turbocharged engine to 423 kW/575 hp between 6,000 and 7,000 rpm and puts peak torque of 680 Nm (501 lb-ft) on tap all the way from 1,500 to 6,000 rpm (fuel consumption combined: 9.9 l/100 km [28.5 mpg imp]; CO2 emissions combined: 231 g/km for the Coupe and Gran Coupe; fuel consumption combined: 10.3 l/100 km [27.4 mpg imp]; CO2 emissions combined: 239 g/km for the Convertible)*. All of which shaves another tenth of a second off the 0 to 100 km/h (62 mph) sprint time for the new BMW M6 models. The Competition Package also features a sports exhaust system with tailpipes in black chrome, exclusive 20-inch M lightalloy wheels, more direct steering and specific suspension tuning.
Exclusive equipment and innovative options.
The new BMW M6 Coupe, new BMW M6 Convertible and new BMW M6 Gran Coupe leave the factory with an extensive and exclusive range of equipment fitted as standard. New features include Jatoba metallic paintwork, Merino Aragon full-leather trim and stylistic accents in classy black chrome. Customers can also decide to give their car an even more personal touch with items from the BMW Individual range. This brings into play a choice of 11 BMW Individual paint finishes, five BMW Individual leather trim variants and three BMW Individual interior trim elements.
M6 customers will also find the innovative driver assistance systems and mobility services from BMW ConnectedDrive at their disposal. Drivers with more ambitious sporting inclinations are the target market for the colour BMW Head-Up Display with M-specific layout, including speedometer, rev counter and Shift Lights. Likewise new are the BMW M Laptimer app designed to help drivers analyse their driving and the GoPro app, which can team up with a GoPro action camera to record fast laps of the track, for example.
Further information on official fuel consumption figures, specific CO2 emission values and the electric power consumption of new passenger cars is included in the following guideline: "Leitfaden über Kraftstoffverbrauch, die CO2 emissions und den Stromverbrauch neuer Personenkraftwagen" (Guideline for fuel consumption, CO2 emissions and electric power consumption of new passenger cars), which can be obtained from all dealerships, from Deutsche Automobil Treuhand GmbH (DAT), Hellmuth-Hirth-Str. 1, 73760 Ostfildern-Scharnhausen and at http://www.dat.de/en/offers/publications/guideline-for-fuel-consumption.html. LeitfadenCO2 (GuidelineCO2) (PDF ‒ 2.7 MB)
The BMW Group
With its three brands BMW, MINI and Rolls-Royce, the BMW Group is the world's leading premium manufacturer of automobiles and motorcycles and also provides premium financial and mobility services. As a global company, the BMW Group operates 29 production and assembly facilities in 14 countries and has a global sales network in more than 140 countries.
In 2013, the BMW Group sold approximately 1.963 million cars and 115,215 motorcycles worldwide. The profit before tax for the financial year 2013 was € 7.91 billion on revenues amounting to approximately € 76.06 billion. As of 31 December 2013, the BMW Group had a workforce of 110,351 employees.
The success of the BMW Group has always been based on long-term thinking and responsible action. The company has therefore established ecological and social sustainability throughout the value chain, comprehensive product responsibility and a clear commitment to conserving resources as an integral part of its strategy.
www.bmwgroup.com Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/BMWGroup Twitter: http://twitter.com/BMWGroup YouTube: http://www.youtube.com/BMWGroupview Google+: http://googleplus.bmwgroup.com
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Held at the Space Telescope Science Institute
September 8-9, 1992
Edited by:
C. Megan Urry, Laura Danly, Lisa E. Sherbert and Shireen Gonzaga
Sponsored by the Space Telescope Science Institute, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, National Science Foundation, Maryland Space Grant Consortium, and the Computer Sciences Corporation
The Space Telescope Science Institute is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
Note: Most of the links below are Acrobat PDF files. Your browser may need to be configured to display these or to launch a viewer. Free Acrobat software is available from Adobe.Preface
Baltimore Charter and Signatories
Group Photo
Welcoming Remarks -- Riccardo Giacconi
Introduction to WIA Meeting -- C. Megan Urry
Accompanying illustration (PDF)
Women in Science: Historical Perspectives -- Londa Schiebinger
The Influence of Gender on Advancement in Astronomy, Physics and Mathematics -- L. Billard
Women in Science: Past and Future Trends -- Linda Skidmore
A Snapshot Survey of Women in Astronomy -- Ethan J. Schreier
Some Statistics on Women in Astronomy -- Peter B. Boyce
Accompanying illustrations (PDF)
The "Problem" of Women in Science: Why is it so
Diffcult to Convince People there is One? -- Sheila Tobias
Mentoring Experiences of Women and Men in Academic Physics and Astronomy -- Linda Grant, Kathryn B. Ward, Carrie Forshner
Industry Perspective: IBM -- Bruce Elmegreen
Workshop on Sexual Harrassment -- Diane L. Fowlkes
Family Issues -- Debra Schwartz
University Approaches to Affirmative Action -- Geoff Marcy, Debra Meloy Elmegreen
Accompanying illustration (PDF)
Suggestions for Improvements in Job Search Procedures -- Kathryn N. Mead
A. National Perspectives
Scientific Contribution of Women in Soviet Radio Astronomy During the Last 12 Years -- Tatiana Smirnova
Accompanying illustrations (PDF)
Women in Russian Radio Astronomy: Reflections by Two Russian Radio Astronomy Women -- Vera Izvekova, Svetlana Suleymanova
The Social Situation of Women in Astronomy in the Former German Democratic Republic -- S. Hubrig, D. Cerovsky
Women Astronomers at ESO -- Eva Grebel
Student Population at the University of Milano, Italy -- Patrizia Caraveo
Accompanying illustrations (PDF)
Women's Roles in America's Planetariums -- Noreen Grice
Women in Astronomy: The Student Phase -- M. S. Oey, Judith R. Fleischman
Accompanying illustrations (GIF)
The Newsletter of CSWA -- Geoffrey C. Clayton, Kathy DeGioia Eastwood
Building a Student Support Network -- Judith R. Fleischman
Recent Efforts at Cornell to Encourage Women in the Sciences -- Susan Stolovy
WISE (Women in Science and Engineering) at Caltech -- Alycia J. Weinberger
The NRC `Women in Science and Engineering' (WISE) Program -- J. E. Hesser
The Women's Program Committee at the CfA -- Barbara Whitney, Judy Ryan, Kathleen Entler, Andrea Dupree, Marion Aymie
The Women's Science Forum: A Targeted Outreach Program at ST ScI -- Laura Danly
The Springboard Programme
The B.C. `Scientists in the Schools' Program -- J. E. Hesser
Science, Diversity, and Community: Revitalizing Introductory Curricula -- Joann Eisberg
Hands-on Astronomy for Middle School Girls and Boys -- Linda M. French
Teaching an Undergraduate Seminar in Women and Science -- Laura E. Kay
Astronomizing at STScI -- Anne Kinney
The idea of having a meeting to discuss the situation of women in astronomy was suggested to me by Goetz Oertel, President of AURA (the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy), over breakfast at the AAS meeting in Philadelphia in January 1991. It was immediately appealing. The idea of walking into an auditorium filled with forty or fifty women astronomers seemed incredibly reassuring and strengthening, regardless of what the meeting agenda might actually be. Other women at ST ScI had a similar reaction when the conference was mentioned, so we forged ahead with the organization, feeling our way as we went, developing ideas about what we wanted to accomplish and how it could be done.
One of our first decisions was to avoid having a complaint session only, and instead to make the meeting a positive, action-oriented experience. There is great value in telling personal stories but only for those who say and hear them. We wanted to have a much wider impact. The then-Director of ST ScI, Riccardo Giacconi (now Director-General of the European Southern Observatory) suggested the meeting could produce a code of conduct governing gender issues -- we dubbed it the Baltimore Charter. We decided the Charter should state, argue and resolve the problem, powerfully and concisely. The ideas for the Charter were to come from the meeting participants themselves, who were divided into working groups and assigned a topic from our tentative Charter outline. During the conference, each group spent several hours in deep discussion, producing reports that can be seen in the Appendix. The 18 working group reports were distilled into an initial draft Charter by several members of the organizing committee with the help of Sheila Tobias, who gave a powerful talk at the meeting (also reproduced in these Proceedings). Sheila and myself, Laura Danly, and Ethan Schreier then iterated through some 40 drafts, consulting along the way with meeting participants and other interested parties. The final draft, which appears in these Proceedings, is the product of many, many people, to whom we can all be very grateful.
It is important to describe the scope of the Charter, and what it is and is not meant to be. We decided early on to focus the meeting specifically on women, in astronomy, in the United States, at the graduate level and beyond. This leaves out a lot of people and a lot of arenas, but it made a deep discussion of the issues tractable. We focussed on those who had already chosen the profession -- graduate students, post docs, and beyond -- because they had survived the early barriers and it was vital that they not be lost to the profession at such an advanced stage. While we recognize the importance of addressing the problems encountered earlier in the educational process, our sphere of influence is limited to the later stages. To the extent that we affect undergraduate majors through teaching, they too were discussed during the conference.
We felt that there were enough differences between the U.S. and other countries that including an international focus would muddy the issues relevant to our own situation. As a practical matter, we also couldn't budget for international travel. In the end, we were extremely fortunate to have some conference participants from other countries, including Canada, England, Italy, Germany, Australia, and the Soviet Union, and their perspectives were frequently enlightening.
The most problematic exclusion was that of racial minorities, who have historically been excluded from science far more extensively even than women. When we started organizing the conference, we felt that the problem of minorities in astronomy was fundamentally a different one than that of women. For example, roughly one quarter of all graduate students in astronomy are women, while the number of Native American, Hispanic, and black graduate students is painfully small. Thus, the pool of women is there while the pool of minorities is not. Enlarging this pool is of critical importance, but because our emphasis was on graduate education and beyond, we felt professional astronomers could not hope to affect the stages at which the number of minorities in science drops precipitously, usually in high school or even earlier.
In fact, the problems of women and the problems of minorities are in fact very similar. They both originate in cultural differences between the excluded and the society that defines the status quo. It should not be controversial to acknowledge that we understand better and are more comfortable with those people who are most like us. This is human nature. What we need to learn now is how to recognize and overcome such instincts, so that women AND minorities can come in through the door. That women are ahead in this process is fortunate for them; it is now crucial to apply our learned wisdom about increasing the participation of women in astronomy immediately and extensively to other minorities even more disenfranchised. Far from excluding minorities, we must work to include them faster and with more diligence.
Having said that, our meeting was not designed to discuss the situation of minorities in astronomy. While minorities were present and contributed greatly to the discussions, we had not invited speakers to address that topic. We feel it would be presumptuous and wrong to try to address this issue post facto. For this reason the Baltimore Charter is explicitly addressed to the issue of women in astronomy and does not pretend to address the issue of minorities. It is our deep hope that this choice is understood as it was meant -- as a reluctance to speak for those not fully represented or discussed -- and that similar attention to those issues, and perhaps an analog of the Baltimore Charter, follows very soon.
Similarly, we have not presumed to speak for other scientific disciplines, which have their own histories and demographics, but there is nothing in the Charter recommendations that is exclusive to astronomy. For the many other fields in which women and minorities remain underrepresented, we hope the Charter stimulates similar efforts and we look forward to collective progress toward equal participation of all in science.
Thanks to the wonderful people who attended the Women in Astronomy meeting, we now have a Charter and we have a spirit of movement and of change. This is our opportunity to affect the profession to the benefit of everyone -- men and women, majorities and minorities.
Meg Urry
Baltimore, Maryland
April 16, 1993
The workshop on Women in Astronomy would not have taken place without the help and support of a great many people. The generous sponsors of the meeting included NASA, the National Science Foundation, the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, the Computer Science Corporation, and the Johns Hopkins Space Grant Consortium. We thank the Johns Hopkins University for allowing us to use their facilities.
The local organizing committee, including Laura Danly, Doug Duncan, Riccardo Giacconi, Anne Kinney, Ethan Schreier, and Meg Urry, worked hard to make the meeting as useful and productive as it could be. They were helped considerably by suggestions and advice from the external members of the organizing committee: Neta Bahcall, Peter Boyce, France Cordova, Julie Lutz, Goetz Oertel, Charlie Pellerin, and Sidney Wolf.
The meeting owed its success in large part to the effectiveness of the small discussion groups, ably led by facilitators who put in extra time preparing for the meeting. They and a platoon of volunteers from all areas of ST ScI worked very hard to see that the conference ran smoothly, and without them this meeting simply would not have happened. They took care of countless details, including dealing with registration and mailings, organizing the computers, arranging for caterers, printing and posting flyers and signs, designing the library display, organizing the poster session, handling the photos, preparing for the proceedings, taking care of the financial details, and arranging for publicity. This took a lot of their time, and we thank the management at ST ScI, division heads and branch managers, for allowing them to devote time to this meeting. The volunteers and facilitators were: Elise Albert, Vicki Balzano, Stefi Baum, Dana Berry, Mimi Bredeson, Michelle Bullock, Jennifer Christensen, Angela Clarke, Doris Daou, Dorothy Fraquelli, Nancy Fulton, Diane Gilmore, John Godfrey, Anne Gonnella, Shireen Gonzaga, Cheryl Gundy, Helen Hart, Tim Heckman, Melissa Jan, Anuradha Koratkar, Janet Krupsaw, Kip Kuntz, Krista Lawrance, Karen Lezon, James Lowenthal, Olivia Lupie, Mike Meakes, Windsor Morgan, Lauretta Nagel, Tawanta Nance, Samantha Osmer, Pete Reppert, Carmelle Robert, Maitrayee Sahi-Sharma, Cindy Taylor, Eline Tolstoy, Calvin Tullos, Fabienne van de Rydt, and Lisa Sherbert, with special notice for coordinating and handling the bulk of the work to Sheryl Falgout, Anne Gilden, Barb Jedzrejewski, Ellie Lang, and Patty Reeves.
These Proceedings were produced with the expert assistance of John Godfrey, Ron Meyers, and especially Dorothy Whitman. The professional look of this publication is owed entirely to them.
Finally, we thank the participants, whose ideas and enthusiasm provided the heart of the conference and enriched all of us. Their convictions, their personal stories, their concerns, and their hopes are our hope for a future of tolerance, sensitivity, and change.