text:
Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Opportunistic Infections in Adults and Adolescents with HIV
The information in the brief version is excerpted directly from the full-text guidelines. The brief version is a compilation of the tables and boxed recommendations.
Table 1. Prophylaxis to Prevent First Episode of Opportunistic Disease
Last Updated: March 28, 2019; Last Reviewed: June 26, 2019
|Opportunistic Infections
|A new positive IgM or IgG serologic test in patients who live in a disease-endemic area and with CD4 count <250 cells/µL (BIII)
|Fluconazole 400 mg PO daily (BIII)
|Hepatitis A Virus (HAV) Infection
|HAV-susceptible patients with chronic liver disease, or who are injection-drug users, or MSM (AII).
|Hepatitis A vaccine 1 mL IM x 2 doses at 0 and 6–12 months (AII).
IgG antibody response should be assessed 1 month after vaccination; non-responders should be revaccinated when CD4 count >200 cells/µL (BIII).
|For patients susceptible to both HAV and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection (see below):
Combined HAV and HBV vaccine (Twinrix®), 1 mL IM as a 3-dose (0, 1, and 6 months) or 4-dose series (days 0, 7, 21 to 30, and 12 months) (AII)
|Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Infection
For patients with isolated anti-HBc
|Some experts recommend vaccinating with 40-µg doses of either HBV vaccine (CIII).
|Vaccine Non-Responders:
|Re-vaccinate with a second vaccine series (BIII)
|CD4 count ≤150 cells/µL and at high risk because of occupational exposure or live in a community with a hyperendemic rate of histoplasmosis (>10 cases/100 patient-years) (BI)
|Itraconazole 200 mg PO daily (BI)
|Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Infection
|Females and males aged 13–26 years (AIII)
|For patients who have completed a vaccination series with the recombinant bivalent or quadrivalent vaccine, many experts would give an additional full series of recombinant 9-valent vaccine, but there are no data to define who might benefit or how cost effective this approach might be (CIII).
|Influenza A and B Virus Infection
|All HIV-infected patients (AIII)
|Inactivated influenza vaccine annually (per recommendation for the season) (AIII)
Live-attenuated influenza vaccine is contraindicated in HIV-infected patients (AIII).
|Travel to disease-endemic area
|Recommendations are the same for HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected patients. Recommendations are based on region of travel, malaria risks, and drug susceptibility in the region. Refer to the following website for the most recent recommendations based on region and drug susceptibility:
| Mycobacterium avium Complex (MAC) Disease
|For CD4 Count <50 cells/mm3
|Rifabutin (dose adjusted based on concomitant ART)a (BI); rule out active TB before starting rifabutin.
|Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) infection (i.e., treatment of latent TB infection [LTBI])
For persons exposed to drug-resistant TB, select anti-TB drugs after consultation with experts or public health authorities (AII).
|Pneumocystis Pneumonia (PCP)
|Streptococcus pneumoniae Infection
|For individuals who have not received any pneumococcal vaccine, regardless of CD4 count, followed by:
PCV13 0.5 mL IM x 1 (AI).
PPV23 0.5 mL IM at least 8 weeks after the PCV13 vaccine (AII).
PPV23 can be offered at least 8 weeks after receiving PCV13 (CIII) or can wait until CD4 count increased to ≥200 cells/µL (BIII).
|PPV23 0.5 mL IM x 1 (BII)
|For individuals who have previously received PPV23
|One dose of PCV13 should be given at least 1 year after the last receipt of PPV23 (AII).
|Benzathine penicillin G 2.4 million units IM for 1 dose (AII)
|For penicillin-allergic patients:
|Talaromycosis (Formerly Penicilliosis)
|Patients with CD4 cell counts <100 cells/µL who live or stay for a long period in rural areas in northern Thailand, Vietnam, or Southern China (BI)
|Itraconazole 200 mg once daily (BI)
|Fluconazole 400 mg PO once weekly (BII)
|Toxoplasma gondii Encephalitis
|TMP-SMXc 1 DS PO daily (AII)
|Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV) Infection
|Pre-exposure prevention:
Patients with CD4 counts ≥200 cells/µL who have not been vaccinated, have no history of varicella or herpes zoster, or who are seronegative for VZV (CIII)
Note: Routine VZV serologic testing in HIV-infected adults and adolescents is not recommended.
Post-exposure prevention: (AIII)
Close contact with a person with chickenpox or herpes zoster; and is susceptible (i.e., no history of vaccination or of either condition, or known to be VZV seronegative)
|Pre-exposure prevention:
Primary varicella vaccination (Varivax™), 2 doses (0.5 mL SQ each) administered 3 months apart (CIII).
If vaccination results in disease because of vaccine virus, treatment with acyclovir is recommended (AIII).
Post-exposure prevention:
Varicella-zoster immune globulin (VariZIG™) 125 international units per 10 kg (maximum 625 international units) IM, administered as soon as possible and within 10 days after exposure (AIII)
Note: VariZIG is exclusively distributed by FFF Enterprises at 800-843-7477.
Individuals receiving monthly high-dose IVIG (>400 mg/kg) are likely to be protected if the last dose of IVIG was administered <3 weeks before exposure.
|Pre-exposure prevention:
VZV-susceptible household contacts of susceptible HIV-infected persons should be vaccinated to prevent potential transmission of VZV to their HIV-infected contacts (BIII).
Alternative post-exposure prevention:
If antiviral therapy is used, varicella vaccines should not be given until at least 72 hours after the last dose of the antiviral drug.
Key to Acronyms: aanti-HBc = hepatitis B core antibody; anti-HBs = hepatitis B surface antibody; ART = antiretroviral therapy; BID = twice daily; BIW = twice a week; CD4 = CD4 T lymphocyte cell; DOT = directly observed therapy; DS = double strength; G6PD = glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase; HAV = hepatitis A virus; HBV = hepatitis B virus; HPV = human papillomavirus; IgG = immunoglobulin G; IgM = immunoglobulin M; IGRA = interferon-gamma release assays; IM = intramuscular; INH = isoniazid; IV= intravenously; IVIG = intravenous immunoglobulin; LTBI = latent tuberculosis infection; MAC = Mycobacterium avium complex; PCP = Pneumocystis pneumonia; PCV13 = 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine; PO = orally; PPV23 = 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharides vaccine; SQ = subcutaneous; SS = single strength; TB = tuberculosis; TMP-SMX = trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole; TST = tuberculin skin test; VZV = varicella zoster virus
a Refer to the Drug Interactions section in the Adult and Adolescent ARV Guidelines for dosing recommendation
b Screening tests for LTBI include TST or IGRA.
c TMP-SMX DS once daily also confers protection against toxoplasmosis and many respiratory bacterial infections; lower dose also likely confers protection.
d Patients should be tested for G6PD before administration of dapsone or primaquine. Alternative agent should be used in patients found to have G6PD deficiency.
e Refer to Daraprim Direct for information regarding how to access pyrimethamine.
Evidence Rating:
Strength of Recommendation:
A: Strong recommendation for the statement
B: Moderate recommendation for the statement
C: Optional recommendation for the statement
Quality of Evidence for the Recommendation:
I: One or more randomized trials with clinical outcomes and/or validated laboratory endpoints
II: One or more well-designed, nonrandomized trials or observational cohort studies with long-term clinical outcomes
III: Expert opinion
In cases where there are no data for the prevention or treatment of an OI based on studies conducted in HIV-infected populations, but data derived from HIV-uninfected patients exist that can plausibly guide management decisions for patients with HIV/AIDS, the data will be rated as III but will be assigned recommendations of A, B, C depending on the strength of recommendation.
Download Guidelines
- Section Only PDF (242 KB)
- Full Guideline PDF (3.98)
- Tables Only PDF (864KB)
Related Content
- CDC | 2015 STD Treatment Guidelines
- HCV Guidance: Recommendations for Testing, Managing, and Treating Hepatitis C
- AIDSinfo Patient Materials: What is an Opportunistic Infection?
- AIDSource | HIV-Related Conditions
- AETC National HIV Curriculum
- How to Cite These Guidelines
- Adult and Adolescent OI Guidelines Archive


text:
100 years of Opel automobiles, 1999.
The Opel Millennium Express on tour, 1999.
Opel Live, 1998.
The 50-millionth Opel, an Omega, leaves the Rüsselsheim plant on December 2, 1999.
Jubilee logo: 100 years of car production.
The '99 Opel Zafira, 1999–2002.
The Flex-7 seating system for the Opel Zafira MY 99.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
The Raiders selected quarterback Terrelle Pryor in the third round of the NFL supplemental draft one year ago today. During that year, he has spent his time playing catch up after missing most of training camp last season and being suspended the first five regular-season games for violations committed at Ohio State.
Today, Pryor spends most of his time at the hip of veteran Carson Palmer, soaking up knowledge, learning the nuances of the position and waiting his turn.
"The suspension really screwed me," Pryor said. "The way I came out of college and my mistakes screwed me. But right now, I'm in a good place because I'm learning from the best and I'm only going to get better, a lot better. If I can just keep on figuring out this progression thing and having my internal clock running with my feet, I can be good. I can be great."
Pryor practiced with the Raiders for about a week last season and didn't play in any exhibition games as a result of his late arrival.
Yet, he has dedicated himself to showing that he can play quarterback at a high level in the NFL. It's not uncommon to see Pryor sticking around after practice to work with Palmer, and he's never far from Palmer or Matt Leinart off the field, either.
It's all part of Pryor's plan to learn as much as he can from two veterans so that he is as ready as possible for when the time comes when his number is called.
For now, Pryor is honing skills and making the most of his limited reps at practice. He is projected as the third-string quarterback.
Coach Dennis Allen and offensive coordinator Greg Knapp rave about Pryor's work ethic, demeanor and skill set. It's the footwork, accuracy and consistency that Pryor needs to improve upon.
To that end, Pryor said, he is working double time trying to get to the point where his footwork comes naturally, giving him one less thing to worry about as he takes the snap.
"It's a footwork thing and it's a maturity thing," quarterbacks coach John DeFilippo said. "He hasn't been in this league, so it's kind of unfair to compare him to Matt and Carson because he hasn't played as much football or seen as many looks. But the more consistent he gets with his footwork, no doubt the more accurate he's going to be."
At 6-foot-4 and 235 pounds, Pryor cuts an imposing figure at quarterback. Throw in speed uncommon at his position, and you have a dual-threat at your disposal.
Even so, Pryor said, it's imperative that he rely less upon his running ability and concentrate on his strong arm, as well as the players around him each play.
"When you're fast and you know you can move and run, you want to believe in your athleticism, and you don't have to," Pryor said. "You have guys up front that are taking care of it, you have running backs who are helping your backside. So my mindset has to be just believe and stay in there and just keep going with the footwork and progression. I'm going to get there."
DeFilippo said Pryor is making progress in all areas.
"What we're trying to do with Terrelle is get him better every day in terms of huddle procedure, at the line of scrimmage, and he's done that," DeFilippo said. "He's improved every day and that's what we keep preaching with him, improving every day. Obviously, you saw in the four-minute (the other day); he took off and ran for about a 40-yard gain. That's always going to be an attribute for him is he's going to have the ability to take off and run with it."
Pryor's final pass in his first exhibition game this season, against the Dallas Cowboys, didn't sit too well with him afterward. He said he cost his team the game and talked about the need to play better.
That's where Allen and Knapp enter the picture. They like their quarterbacks to be accountable, stand-up players, but only to a certain extent.
"That's what our job as coaches is to kind of keep that balance for him," Allen said. "He's a competitor just like all the rest of us, and he's always been used to being the best. So he's always been very critical of himself and that's the only way that you get better is you look at it honestly and you see where you made your mistakes and you try and get better and you correct them. And that's our job as coaches, to help him."
Pryor marvels at the ease with which Palmer moves his feet, goes through his progressions and throws to the proper receiver so often.
He has no illusions about challenging Palmer for the starting job. At the same time, he feels that watching and learning from Palmer is preparing him for great things in the years to come.
"Do I think I'm Carson? No," Pryor said. "I want to be that quarterback that can run, too, and be like Carson with his feet. His feet are great. That's what 10 years, 11 years, does for you. If I can get that down from working with him, I can be dangerous."
In turn, Palmer speaks highly of Pryor, citing his athletic skills, work ethic and mind-set.
"We have a really good (quarterback) room, especially with Terrelle in there, another young guy just chomping at the bit for his shot," Palmer said. "There's a lot of competition, but it's a good friendly competition because we're helping each other along the way."
Pryor remains resolute in his belief that he has what it takes to play quarterback in the NFL. He dismisses notions of his being a tight end-in waiting or converting to any other position.
In the interim, he is open to being used in whatever capacity this season, while he waits his shot at being the full-time quarterback.
"I wouldn't mind packages and stuff like that," Pryor said. "I wouldn't mind because I'm not going to play right now in front of Carson because he's a great quarterback. If he wasn't great, I would have been truthful with you guys. I'm an honest person, I'm a straight person, and he's a great quarterback. I'm not going to play over him right now. So, anything I can do to help the team, I would love to."
Pryor says he can be 'great,' 'dangerous'
The Raiders selected quarterback Terrelle Pryor in the third round of the NFL supplemental draft one year ago today. During that year, he has spent his time playing catch up after missing most of training camp last season and being suspended the first five regular-season games for violations committed at Ohio State.


text:
- Maps
- Contact Us
HCC offers a variety of scholarships that is as diverse as our student body. Whether you are a full time or part time student, seeking vocational training or looking to transfer to a university, we have a scholarship that you may qualify for. Scholarships are gifts and do not have to be repaid. Most are given to eligible students with no strings attached. Some may require the student to maintain a certain level of academic success.
Grants are gifts that are provided by the government to help pay for educational expenses. Grants do not need to be repaid as long as enrollment criteria are maintained. Grants are typically based on financial need as assessed by the federal methodology .
An education loan is a form of financial aid that must be repaid, with interest. Eligibility usually, but not always, is based on financial need. Limits are set on how much financial assistance students can receive in the form of federal student loans. Federal law sets the maximum interest rates and fees charged on these loans.
If you are willing to work we have a vast number of employment opportunities. HCC not only has Federal Work Study Employment that is need-based but also other on campus job opportunities.


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This is a free program for families with children who are 5 to 12 years old and on the autism spectrum. Families will have time to explore artworks in the galleries and get creative during a hands-on, art-making experience!
While the needs of individuals with autism are the focus of this program, it is also intended to be fun for parents, siblings (of all ages), and other relatives!
This program is offered on the second Saturday of every month. Reservations are required. Registration for this program opens August 1. Call 817.989.5013 or email email@example.com to register and to receive helpful instructions about your visit.
Meet at the Information Desk for a tour of the highlights of the permanent collection of paintings and sculpture led by one of our friendly, knowledgeable docents. No reservations are required.


text:
Cacharel Spring 2013 | Runway
Cacharel Spring 2013
Cacharel Spring 2013
Designing duo Ling Liu and Dawei Sun showed an exuberant collection of florals for Spring 2013. The sweet print made its way onto everything from minidresses to Bermuda shorts to swing coats to sheer shirtdresses. Continuing the ultrafeminine theme were dresses with poufy skirts and ruffle details. The color scheme was mostly white, blue, and orange with a couple soft-pink pieces. A few printed pants and oversize blouses made more boyish cameos on the Cacharel catwalk.


text: Ready or not, Julian Assange is heading toward a TV set near you. Wikileaks announced this week that its controversy-embroiled founder will be getting his own TV show, in which he'll be interviewing "key political players, thinkers and revolutionaries." Information on the series is light at present -- the largely unknown Quick Roll Productions will apparently play a role in its creation. The show is set to begin airing in the middle of March and will run as ten 30 minute weekly episodes. Assange for one, clearly has grand ambitions for the series, stating that it "will explore the possibilities for our future in conversations with those who are shaping it. Are we heading towards utopia, or dystopia and how we can set our paths?" Check out a preview of Dancing with the Leaks after the jump.


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Wash. Post's Babington falsely equated statements on Roe by Breyer, Roberts
In a July 28 article, Washington Post staff writer Charles Babington set up a false comparison between Justice Stephen G. Breyer's 1994 statement at his Supreme Court nomination hearing that Roe v. Wade "has been the law for 21 years" and the answer current nominee John G. Roberts Jr. gave when he described Roe as "settled law" during his 2003 confirmation hearing for his appointment to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit. Babington wrote that because Breyer characterized Roe as established law, which according to Babington he "signaled no wish to change," Breyer's response was "essentially the answer Roberts gave" in his appellate hearing.
But while Breyer and Roberts used similar words to describe the landmark 1973 decision establishing a constitutional right to abortion, the contexts in which they made their respective comments gave those words very different meanings. Asking an appellate court nominee whether Roe or any Supreme Court decision is established precedent is a "different question" than asking a Supreme Court nominee, as Attorney General Alberto R. Gonzales said in a July 26 interview with the Associated Press: "If you're asking a circuit court judge, like Judge Roberts was asked, yes, it is settled law because you're bound by the precedent. If you're a Supreme Court justice, that's a different question because a Supreme Court justice is not obliged to follow precedent if you believe it's wrong." While Babington wrote that Breyer "signaled no wish to change" the Supreme Court's ruling, as an appellate court nominee Roberts was simply not in a position to give such a signal one way or the other.
Moreover, Breyer's comments differed from Roberts's in another respect: Beyond characterizing Roe as settled law, he also described access to abortion as a "basic right," which Roberts did not.
From the Post article, headlined "On Question of Nominee Questions, No Clear Answer" :
Partly because liberals felt deceived by [Justice Clarence] Thomas, the ground had shifted by the time Ruth Bader Ginsburg, nominated by a Democrat, went before the Judiciary Committee in 1993. She strongly endorsed the right to abortion, calling it "central to a woman's life, to her dignity." The Senate confirmed her 96 to 3.
The most recent justice confirmed, Stephen G. Breyer, in 1994, was a bit dodgier. He told the committee that Roe "has been the law for 21 years" and signaled no wish to change it.
That is essentially the answer Roberts gave in 2003, when he was confirmed to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit. He called Roe "the settled law of the land," a response that many senators expect to hear at his Supreme Court hearings.
In his 2003 appellate court nomination hearing, in response to a question by Sen. Richard J. Durbin (D-IL), Roberts testified that Roe was "settled law" and that his personal views would not prevent him from "fully and faithfully applying that precedent" in his role as an appellate court judge:
DURBIN: I have been an attorney, represented a client, sometimes argued a position that I did not necessarily buy personally. And so, I am asking you today: What is your position on Roe v. Wade?
ROBERTS. I don't -- Roe v. Wade is the settled law of the land. It is not -- it's a little more than settled. It was reaffirmed in the face of a challenge that it should be overruled in the [1992 Planned Parenthood v.] Casey decision. Accordingly, it's the settled law of the land. There's nothing in my personal views that would prevent me from fully and faithfully applying that precedent, as well as Casey.
By contrast, Breyer noted that Roe "has been the law for 21 years" when he was a Supreme Court nominee who would have authority to overturn it if confirmed. Responding to a question by then-Sen. Strom Thurmond (R-SC) at his 1994 confirmation hearing, Breyer described abortion access as a "basic right" :
THURMOND: Judge Breyer, it is likely that Justice Blackmun is most widely known to the public as the author of Roe v. Wade. What was your impression of his majority opinion in that landmark decision? In particular give us your thoughts on where he draws the line at different points during pregnancy as it relates to the state's interest in the regulation of abortion-related services. For instance, do you agree that the first trimester of pregnancy is distinctive and that the state should not be able to prohibit abortion during that period?
BREYER: You're asking questions, Senator, that I know are matters of enormous controversy. The case of Roe v. Wade has been the law --
THURMOND: Speak a little bit louder --
BREYER: Oh, yes. The case of Roe v. Wade has been the law for 21 years, or more, and it was recently affirmed by the Supreme Court of the United States, in the case of Casey. That is the law. The questions that you're putting to me are matters of how that basic right applies, where it applies, under what circumstances. And I don't think I should go into those, for the reason that those are likely to be the subject of litigation in front of the court.
The July 28 article marked the third time that Babington has misconstrued Roberts's 2003 remark that Roe is "settled law." In a July 22 article, Babington wrote: "Some liberal groups have expressed fears that Roberts, a conservative jurist, might seek to help overturn Roe, even though he has described it as 'settled law.' " And an article the next day co-written by Babington and staff writer Richard Morin reported: "Antiabortion groups were quick to embrace Roberts this week, even though he said at his 2003 hearing that he considered Roe 'the settled law of the land.' "


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City & County Government
Links to Utah Cities & Counties
Counties in Utah
Cities and Towns in Utah
Cities Around You
Featured Resources
Utah Association of Counties
U.A.C. offers a broad range of management and intergovernmental relations services to county commissioners and other county officials. U.A.C's purpose is to improve the operation of Utah's country governments, thereby improving the services these governments provide to their residents.
Utah League of Cities & Towns
The Utah League of Cities and Towns represents municipal government interests so as to create a greater public awareness and understanding of municipal responsibilities, governance, and administration.
City and County Government Resources
National City Government Resource Center
This Web site serves as a collection of city-related URL's from throughout the United States. For ease of reference, these Internet sites have been broken down into the following categories: General City Links, Functional City Links, Regional City Links, and Other City-related Links.
Local Government Institute
L.G.I. provides technical assistance to local governments, develops "how-to" and reference manuals and software, and provides services, information and advocacy which advances the quality, integrity, and professionalism of local government based upon sound principles of public administration.
Contact Your Government Official
Access to Utah's government authorities. Most of the state's senators and representatives have their own web sites and email addresses.


text: We've been asked to set up a set of experiences wherein a girl scout troop can obtain their geocaching patches. We'd like to set and publish a couple of caches on a trail that's been created on school grounds. I thought I'd read a rule somewhere that says you cannot place a cache on school property, but at the same time we've found many caches on trail systems that are on school grounds. We've gotten permission from the district superintendent, but I wanted to see what the caching community (especially TAT) thought about it. Thanks!


text:
Without the permission or knowledge of the owner, John Saunders drank dozens of bottles of whiskey valued at $102,400 by a New York auction house. And it wasn't Jack Daniel's or Jim Beam either.
Associated Press
March 22, 2013
GREENSBURG, Pa. (AP) — Fifty-two bottles of well-aged whiskey disappeared between his lips, police said, and now it's time for a western Pennsylvania man to settle up.
John Saunders, the former live-in caretaker of a Pittsburgh-area mansion, faces criminal charges for allegedly drinking more than $100,000 worth of the owner's whiskey.
Owner Patricia Hill found nine cases of whiskey hidden in the walls and stairwell of the century-old Georgian mansion built by coal and coke industrialist J.P. Brennan after she bought it in 2012. The Old Farm Pure Rye Whiskey was produced in the early 1900s by the nearby West Overton Distilling Co.
"My guess is that Mr. Brennan ordered 10 cases . pre-Prohibition," said Hill, a New Yorker who bought the house to convert it into a bed-and-breakfast. "I was told by his family that family members used to greet him at the door each day with a shot of whiskey."
Scottdale police told The Pittsburgh Tribune-Review that Saunders drank dozens of bottles of whiskey valued at $102,400 by a New York auction house.
Saunders, 62, of Irwin, was charged with receiving stolen property and theft. A preliminary hearing is scheduled for Wednesday.
Hill told police Chief Barry Pritts she stored the whiskey in the original cases, which contained 12 bottles each. After Saunders moved out, Hill said she discovered last March that the bottles in four cases were empty.
Saunders initially denied drinking the whiskey when questioned by police, but Pritts said a DNA linked him to three of the empty bottles.


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text:
An uproar over a head wrap made by Gucci and offered for sale at Nordstrom has prompted the retailer to pull it from their shelves. Betty Yu reports that American Sikhs want an apology from the designer.
Gucci Under Fire For Selling Turban As Fashion Accessory
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San Jose Begins Major Street Repaving ProjectOver the next nine years, the City of San Jose will repave and repair its entire 1,400-mile local and residential street network. Kiet Do reports. (8/19/19)
Magnetic Pouches Lock Up Students' Cellphones At San Mateo High SchoolThe school day begins and ends at San Mateo High School with a brand new ritual -- the unlocking of a magnetic pouch that stores students' phones, effectively keeping the devices out their hands and hopefully off their minds during class. Devin Fehely reports. (8/19/19)
Antonio Brown Returns To Training Camp After Raiders UltimatumA day after Oakland general manager Mike Mayock issued an "all in or all out" ultimatum, star receiver Antonio Brown was back in the Raiders training camp.
Monday Evening Weather ForecastPaul Deanno has the KPIX 5 forecast for your week ahead.


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This field guide is the second in a series of guides to the Grand Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve's (NERR) biodiverse natural resources. Please keep in mind that this book was not written as an identification guide. There are plenty of those types of guides already on the market. This guide was compiled to provide our visitors with pictures and potential locations of selected species of birds found in or near the protected lands of the NERR. Hopefully, this guide will help you more easily find the bird that you are looking for by providing information not only on the bird but also on the coastal habitats where you can go to find it.
This public document is not for sale, and all rights to the publication are reserved to the DMR. Copies may be made for educational purposes only.


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The Pentiums don't appear very impressive. The range starts with the G3220, a 3GHz dual-core with no Hyperthreading and a 54W TDP. There's a T version as well, with a 2.6GHz clock and 35W TDP. The G3240 is a 3.2GHz part with a 54W TDP and support for DDR3-1600 memory. The T version has a 2.7GHz clock and it's a 35W chip.
The Core i3 line-up is a bit more interesting. The Core i3-4130 is a 54W hyperthreaded dual-core clocked at 3.4GHz, with 3MB of cache and HD 4400 graphics clocked at up to 1150MHz. It supports DDR3 1600 and it is also available as a 35W T-series part, but with a 2.9GHz clock.
The 4330 is a 3.5GHz version, while the 4330T is clocked 3GHz. However, both flavours feature HD 4600 graphics and a 4MB of cache. The 4340 is more of the same, a 54W part clocked at 3.6GHz, with the same GPU and 4MB of cache.
Moving on to Core i5 parts, the 4440 is a quad-core with no hyperthreading and a 3.1/3.3GHz clock. It comes with 6MB of cache, HD4600 graphics clocked at 1100MHz and an 84W TDP. The Core i5-4440S is a 65W part clocked at 2.8/3.3GHz. The rest of the spec is unchanged.
The Core i7 specs have been out for a while, so there are no surprises there. The Core i7-4820K is a hyperthreaded 130W quad-core, clocked at 3.7/3.9GHz. It has 10MB of cache and supports DDR3 1866 memory. The 4930K is a six-core clocked at 3.4/3.9GHz, with 12MB of cache, while the Core i7-4960X features six cores clocked at 3.6/4GHz, with a whopping 15MB of cache.
More here.


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Russian Far East
We found 1 testimonial matching your criteria.
We found 1 testimonial matching your criteria.
New Bern, NC
Islands of the Russian Far East
The Odyssey
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My experience working with ExpeditionTrips.com was a very positive one and I would definitely consider booking trips with you in the future. You excelled at personal service: I have no recommendations for improvement. Joy was a pleasure to work with -- she answered my questions promptly and cheerfully.


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As you begin talking to movers, there are a variety of factors to consider prior to you retaining the services of any kind of one company.
For example, discuss insurance with each of the moving companies you meet with. Each business has to bring cargo insurance coverage, so there is some coverage, yet see if your property owners insurance coverage will cover movers as well as packers handling your valuables. If you're working with cross country moving companies, they should have proper insurance coverage for crossing state lines. They need to likewise be bound to cover mishaps throughout the handling of your points throughout the relocating as well as storage space solution.
If a relocating company in 20748 does not consider it needed to see your residence before creating moving quotes, select another moving company. Nothing could be as important in a home relocating quote. The movers as well as packers have to see precisely what kind of furniture as well as accessories you have.
When you're reviewing your moving as well as storage space needs with the company, it is essential to consist of very specific details. For example, if the moving companies get there as well as realize you have a water bed that have to be drained prior to moving and storage, it will certainly toss their schedule off and produce a trouble for you and the business. You'll experience the same issue if the movers and also packers reach your residence and discover that they need a piano mover. Take a look at your prized possessions, also, because home movers are trained in the best techniques to maintain breakables as well as antiques so that the movers as well as packers won't break them.
Don't allow any type of moving companies and packers touch your items until you actually have an authorized agreement in your hand. If you don't have an agreement in writing, the company is exempt from it. You need to have created relocating quotes from the movers, laying out every service they will certainly provide, from moving and loading to moving and storage. You don't desire any nasty surprises when it's time to pay your moving company, as well as find out that the relocating business charged additional for that classic sofa.
Simply keep in mind, no reputable relocating business will certainly offer you moving quotes without an onsite survey. Moving companies will have to see each thing of furnishings so they could estimate the weight and mass for the home movers to raise and carry. Cross country moving companies will certainly need to do the same, and add that relocating as well as storage may cross state lines.
While local movers might bill by the hour, long distance movers will bill by the pound. So, it's a smart idea prior to working with a relocating company to clean anything you do not necessarily desire moving companies and also packers to trouble with. Have a garage sale prior to your home moving companies turn up, to ensure that you're not paying a mover to lug something you'll just discard once you go to your brand-new house.
The moving companies and packers will in fact pack your belonging for you, if you buy the service from the moving business. This kind of door to door service is great, especially if the relocating quotes are within your budget plan.
Video: Movers in 20748
Temple Hills, Maryland
Temple Hills is a suburb of Washington, D.C., southeast of the downtown district. It is an unincorporated area and census-designated place (CDP) in Prince George's County, Maryland, United States.[1] As of the 2010 census it had a population of 7,852.[2]
The community was named after Dr. Edward Temple, who in the 1860s lived in a home beside Henson Creek known as Moor Park.[3] Within the area are numerous garden apartments, duplexes, and single family communities constructed mostly from the 1950s through 1970s. The large community of Hillcrest Heights is nearby (and has a Temple Hills mailing address), with the 1960s 2-level Iverson Mall and Marlow Heights shopping centers.
Rosecroft Raceway (since 1949, harness horse racing) is nearby in Oxon Hill, although the racing audience has declined greatly. There are large public indoor and outdoor swimming pools operated by the Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning Commission, and also the private Temple Hills Swim Club. The area is especially convenient to the Capital Beltway (I-95/I-495), the Metrorail Green Line, Andrews Air Force Base, the U.S. Census Bureau, and Capitol Hill.


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|If this is your first visit, be sure to check out the FAQ by clicking the link above. You may have to register before you can post: click the register link above to proceed. To start viewing messages, select the forum that you want to visit from the selection below.
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HY-TEK CL2 and HY3 CHECKSUM ALGORITHMS
On Friday, 21 July 2017 14:48:54 UTC+1, wrote:
I know this is old, hopefully someone hears this! I'm writing this Checksum generation code into an entry file parser I'm writing and I'm stuck on this line
'We simple SUM the values here... For this string we get a checksum of
0x0B1E (done in HEX for clarity)'
I have summed the odd characters a few different ways and I never get '0x0B1E' as my result (yes, I'm converting the result to HEX). What exactly are we summing in each group? Integer values of the characters? Actual value of only the numbers? If anyone could shed any light on this for me I'd really appreciate it.
if you follow jwh explanation exactly it does give the correct checksums, i wrote an excel macro that uses this logic and it produces a hy3 file from imported data
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An Ultima GTR Is Built in England and an Ultima Can Am Is Built the American Way; We Show You Both.
We were recently made aware of two Ultima kits being built on opposite sides of the Atlantic: a racy, sleek Ultima GTR, built by Englishman Nigel Dean, and a sexy, competitive Ultima Can Am, built by American Jack Rosen. What follows are these two builds, showing the by-the-book, factory-accepted work in the UK vs. the customized individuality approach here in the States. We think it shows that the Ultimas are awesome cars that can be built, driven, and raced successfully both ways, and it's your choice as to how YOUR finished Ultima will emerge. –Mike Blake, Editor
If a street-legal McLaren car is your dream of the ultimate automotive project, then the Ultima is one central character that should enter that dream. Whether it is the Can Am model or the GTR version, Ultima is one sporty, racy street car that can compete big-time at track events.
In one build-up approach, The USA's Jack Rosen put his own mark on his customized Ultima Can Am, with inventiveness and deviation from the norm, while another approach was embraced by the UK's Nigel Dean, who went by the book to finish his Ultima GTR.
Customized in the USA
Jack Rosen, an airplane engineer and competitive racer said, was intrigued by the Can Am: "The Ultima is, in my opinion, the only car different enough from the norm of kit cars available. I wanted to see an Ultima in person, so I went down to the Daytona 24 Hour, where K&N Filters had a GTR entered. I wanted even more so I went to the Carlisle Kit Car Nationals and saw their Can Am in person. I was sold on the spot. There's nothing else out there like it."
He continued, "According to the sales literature, 'Ultima is the UK's leading self-assembly supercar manufacturer.' The Can Am looks more slender and streamlined–it's like a grown-up version of the old car. The Spyder may have been a toy, but the Can Am is for when you want to get seriously hardcore!"
Taking its inspiration from the awesome mid-engined racers that competed in the American Can Am series during the '60s and '70s, the Ultima Can Am represents a modern interpretation of these amazing machines.
At the heart of every new Can Am is the company's race-proven space frame chassis engineered to accept a mid-mounted Chevrolet V-8 engine mated to a five- or six-speed Porsche transaxle.
The Ultima's powdercoated chassis is a full 100-inch wheelbase space frame, constructed of 38mm and 1.5mm tubing with 16-gauge aluminum panels.
The suspension is traditional, unequal-length, double-wishbone with cast LM25 aluminum uprights and adjustable special Ultima coils over Intrax shocks on all four corners. Customers can choose between Urethane, Nylatron, or Rose joints.
The 2.4-turn steering rack has its input shaft in the center, making it universal for left- and right-drive applications. The rack and all other steering components were supplied by Ultima.
Power for Rosen's Ultima Can Am started with a '72 Chevrolet 350ci block. The engine modifications, performed by Motor Tech in New Bedford. Massachusetts, include stoking to 383 with an Eagle stroking kit using the H-type casting. The Federal Main bearings have been bolstered with four-bolt splayed caps.
Because the engine is expected to turn up to 8,000 rpm, Rosen machined a custom, dual-belt large alternator pulley to reduce the likelihood of overdriving the 65-amp alternator. The Ultima provided polished stainless steel headers, and a Canton racing oil pan with baffles will help keep the oil at the pump pickup during the hard corning at New Hampshire International Speedway and Watkins Glen Raceway. To keep things properly lubricated, a high-volume oil pump moves a whopping 9 quarts of oil from the windage tray-equipped large volume pan through an Earl's cooler.
A high-torque starter spins this mighty 383 to life at Rosen's command and an Edelbrock 3500 port fuel injection unit takes care of the fuel metering chores. The 8/30-pound injectors provide enough fuel to make the expected 500-plus hp. Edelbrock provides, as part of the kit, a cockpit-mounted tuning module to allow Rosen to modify the fuel map in real time. A different fuel map will be created for drag racing, road racing, or just plane cruising.
When it came to cooling, Rosen turned to Edlebrock once more for a water pump. Coolant is pumped forward to an aluminum nose mounted radiator fitted with two electric fans. Stainless steel hoses with A&E fittings are used for heater. A burst hose in the cockpit would be disastorous.
The body is unstressed hand-laid GRP, with a color gelcoat. The front cowl is intended to be riveted on, but Rosen has chosen to make it removable for service.
Rosen opted to pay extra to have the body flashing trimmed and for mounting of the doors and mounting of the body. He touted, "It costs extra but well worth the expense." Ultima shims the body for a proper fit and tapes the shims in place so when you remove the body, all the shims will remain where needed.
Ultima offers two windshields: a low, LeMans screen and the full glass screen. Both are mounted on their own frames, so either one will drop into a specially molded section on the main scuttle panel. Rosen purchased both and will change them out depending on the situation.
Rosen's Can Am has a soft roof, but it only usable with the full windshield. The half, LeMans-style windshield is intended for those spirited wind-in-your-face days.
Rosen chose to change out his wiring harness and its 86 circuits. He cut the harness apart and strung it out, using a buzz box and multimeter, starting with the circuit breakers. With the harness laid out with battery, switches, lights, gauges, etc connected, Rosen tested each circuit to ensure all would function correctly.
Rosen decided the smart thing for him to do was create his own wiring diagram to fill the needed information gap. The engine harness, intended for a front-engine car, also required reworking to fit this rear-engine application.
Once Rosen sorted out the wiring, he routed the harness down the passenger sidepod. Because everything is center-mounter, the harness is long enough that it could fit on either side, left or right.
Because of the tight fit in the foot box, Rosen chose to fabricate his own gas pedal and left foot rest. It "wound up to be more work than I thought, but you know what they say." He also fabricated his own dash to his own specs. The interior of the Can Am has aluminum panels riveted to the frame members with a lot of rivets. Rosen has built small airplanes in the past so was prepared for this monumental task. "I bought the (pneumatic) riveter from Harbor Freight." "The majority of rivets used were 1/8-inch diameter, aluminum rivets with a steel shank." The majority of them were put in place by hand, then popped. Where there is easy access to the rivets, you can easily do one every five seconds.
At 44 inches high, the Ultima's position is low to say the least. Rosen said, "It's a little bit 'smushed' in the front, but that was the style of the Can Am. The long rear section tells you that there is a lot of power back there, even if there might not be.
"It has to be one of the most eye-catching cars on and off the road. Anywhere I park it, it attracts a crowd, which is fine, unless I'm in a hurry to leave the car and people are offended if I don't answer their questions.
"It's great to drive, and with the long windscreen, it's relatively blast free in the cockpit. However, since I worry about maintenance, I installed a removable crossmember to keep me from doing gymnastics every time I need to work on something."
Ultima chief Ted Marlow believes that a modified Ultima is considerably slower than an Ultima spec car. He told us that the track car is much slower than the standard Ultima spec road car. On the track at Run and Gun, Jack Rosen brought his Ultima Can Am to Second Place finishes on both the road course and autocross and a Second Place overall Top Dog trophy in his class. That's pretty fine results for a customized car that the factory said might be faster under factory supervision–not bad for a "custom" job.
By the Book in the UK
In the UK, since the tender age of 17, Nigel Dean promised himself that he would own a LeMans Group C-style road car. Twenty years later his dream became a reality. Unable to afford a McLaren F1 road car, the alternative came in the form of the awesome Ultima GTR. Dean said, "Produced by Ultima Sports Ltd, there are few component cars to match the quality and staggering performance of this package."
The standard GTR kit is comprehensive to say the least. Every last nut and bolt is supplied to complete the car bar the engine and transaxle. Ultima can supply these too, but most builders source their own units locally, especially in the States.
Dean's car, however, was to have a few extras above the standard package. Twin fuel tanks, racing rollcage, stainless steel exhaust system, leather interior, and of course, Ultima's own gargantuan wheel and tire package. The end result is a civilized, yet awesome, road car, and a formidable track day machine at weekends.
Delivery of the kit was courtesy of Ultima and this applies to anyone living in the States. Once off-loaded, the sheer volume of components was staggering, 3,000 items, give or take a few, all individually packaged and labeled. The accompanying factory promise was that, if Dean needed any additional components to complete the car, they would be supplied free of charge.
The build was straightforward thanks to the comprehensive CD build manual and online technical support. Construction of the rolling chassis could not have been easier. The use of Ultima bespoke components soon leaves you in no doubt that some serious racing miles are behind the design. Nice touches included the custom-made quick rack, beautifully TIG-welded pedals, laser-cut aluminum panels, and even the supply of grease sachets for building up the suspension bushes!
Moving on to the bodywork was momentous. Consisting of seven panels, the customer has a choice of paint or gelcoat. Dean's preference was for the latter in signal red. This was partly due to budget constraints but also the flawless finish of the body. He opted for the body finishing option that equates to the removal of all flash lines, cutting of all apertures, and drilling of all hinge points.
Even with this work done, body fit was without a doubt the most demanding part of the build. To obtain perfect shut lines took a little patience. The end result, however, would put most mainstream car manufacturers to shame.
The bare aluminum interior is equipped with leather-trimmed seats and dash to offer a modicum of comfort. Sabelt full-race harnesses keep the occupants restrained while white-faced gauges update the driver.
Glazing was also a challenge. Bonded in place with sealant there was little room for error. As for the lights and other electrical ancillaries, these simply bolted into pre-drilled holes and connected straight to the supplied loom.
Ultimas are only powered by one engine type, the Chevy 350 and derivations thereof. Customers fit anything, from stock GM units giving 250 hp, up to supercharged beasts delivering 600-plus hp. My route was a sensible 300hp from a stock 350 block, sporting an Edelbrock competition cam, worked heads, and a Holley Street Avenger carburetor on a matching inlet manifold.
To get the small-block in the confines of the chassis, a 7.5-inch race sump and short water pump setup was the order of the day. Bolted to a Porsche G50 gearbox, drive is provided to the rear wheels by dedicated driveshafts. To finish her off, Ultima's custom stainless steel exhaust system was positioned atop the transaxle.
Build time was around the 1,000-hour mark, but other builders have completed cars in half this time. My fanatical approach to everything explains the additional time invested.
Dean said, "I cannot praise this kit enough. The quality of the components is sensational, assembly is straightforward, and the occasional shortage is replaced within a couple of days."
Ultima's range of cars have been designed specifically to meet amateur build requirements in the States. The differences to the UK specification are as follows:
* Left-hand drive conversion
* Gear-lever positioned centrally
* Headlamps switched to left-hand- side driving
* Reversing lights integrated into rear light system
* Wiper mechanism altered to rest wiper on right-hand side
* Instrument binnacle altered to point towards left-hand-drive position
* Optional high-level brake light (required in some states)
* Optional catalytic converters (required in some states)
Dean added, "On the road, this car is simply sensational. Fourth gear will catapult you from 50 to about 110 mph in an instant. As for standstill to 60 mph, we are talking mid-fours. This is the ultimate beast that drives like a beauty."
Ultima's Ted Marlowe has said that the Ultima is not a racer but a road car, and they have gone to considerable lengths to assure U.S. customers that it can be road registered. Ultima's strategy has been to have all Ultima cars built to the exceptionally high factory specifications it provides. Ultima can and does supply every single part, bracket, nut, bolt, and washer in their assembly kits, though Rosen deviated from the standard with his own upgrades and mods. Ultima provides the standard, a standard that Nigel Dean adhered to, but it is up to the buyer/builder to reach those high benchmarks or seek his own. We hope this look at both cars gives you readers food for your Ultima thoughts. KC


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Great Britain's women's team will kick off the Olympics against New Zealand in the opening event of the London 2012 Games in Cardiff on July 25 - two days before the opening ceremony.
The draw at Wembley saw Hope Powell's side picked out of the hat against Brazil and Cameroon as well in Group F.
The match against Cameroon will also be in Cardiff, on July 28, with the game against Brazil at Wembley on July 31.
Doncaster Rovers Belles midfielder Sue Smith was optimistic about the chances of Team GB making progress in the tournament and told the BBC: "I think we can get through. Obviously Brazil's going to be a tasty game, they are fantastic to watch and they are very similar to the men in the way that they play.
"The first game against New Zealand will be exciting, they're an up-and-coming team, they started off earlier in the year not too well and they have gradually had really good results so they're beginning to peak for the tournament.
"They are very defensive but towards the summer they will build. It's a really good group and one that we can definitely get out of."


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Release 5.8.7 and online documentation site
An annoying regression is fixed in the new release 5.8.7: wrong input characters are inserted due to non modal message boxes.
The installer is enhanced in this release: by choosing Minimalist option during installation procedure, user can install or update Notepad++ without any extra component (default value is Custom).
This release (except minimalist package) contains the offline user manual in html format (instead of chm file, which was included in the previous releases), it is extracted from the online documentation site with HTTrack. Offline document does not work well under IE6, but it should be OK with the other browsers (tested with IE6/7/8, Firefox and Chrome). I don't agree with chrome's policy to do update automatically without even asking user's permission, but hey Microsoft should do the same, just for IE6.
The current content in English is quite outdated, I'll work on it as I have time.
Notepad++ online documentation site is ready for translation. However, I won't have time to maintain the whole site. A site manager who knows well drupal system (especially the Internationalization and book modules) is wanted.
The online document site manager's mission will be:
- Management of users (translators).
- Execution the defined workflow (or define a new more efficient workflow): approve applied translator role, make translation for each language available, etc.
- Installation of needed modules.
The role of site manager demands the time and drupal know-how. Please feel free to contact me if you are interested in it and your profile matches these requirements.
Enjoy the new release


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To help you integrate components that will ensure an effective class
or program, I am going to outline fundamentals learned from over a
decade of experience designing exercise programs specifically for the
average sedentary adult.
At the South Shore YMCA in Boston, we train as many as 500 formerly
inactive adults in a year. Our participants respond well to a basic
training program (20 to 25 minutes of strength exercise and 20 to 25
minutes of endurance exercise three days a week), using standard
training principles. We incorporate several educational and
motivational teaching techniques to enhance member satisfaction and
After an eight-week training program, participants complete an
anonymous, written questionnaire regarding their exercise experiences.
The average rating has been 4.9 out of 5.0. Although some individuals
drop out, about 95 percent of those who finish the program continue to
exercise on a regular basis. In our experience, eight weeks of
carefully designed exercise is sufficient to change the lifestyle
patterns of previously sedentary adults.
How You Can Do It
To develop your program, you need to concentrate on three key aspects:
motivational approach, exercise methods and teaching methods. I will
begin by briefly describing our approach to motivation, then discuss
endurance and strength training exercise methods and, finally, offer
tips on successful teaching methods. While I will speak from my
experience with one kind of program, keep in mind that you are free to
take these ideas and create your own unique offering.
1, 2, 3 . . . Get Motivated!
At South Shore YMCA, we use the "awareness, attention, achievement" approach to get and keep our new exercisers. You can probably come up with your own strategies for making this three-step approach work, but the following ideas have worked for us.
Step One:
Exercise Awareness
To us, this means, "Get the word out!" To introduce the benefits of exercise to people in our surrounding communities, we use television segments; radio shows; business newsletters; and presentations at schools, hospitals, churches, senior centers and service clubs. However, our regular "Keeping Fit" newspaper column - presently in its 14th year - is far and away our most effective tool for reaching and teaching the sedentary population.
The majority of our weekly exercise articles are directed toward the inactive market, including youth, adults, seniors, overweight persons and weekend athletes (golfers, skiers, etc.) Each article presents about 700 to 800 words of basic exercise information, typically emphasizing training benefits, principles, and options for nonexercising individuals.
Step Two:
Exercise Attention
Awareness is a good starting point, but it is rarely sufficient in itself. Unfortunately, most nonexercisers have difficulty sticking with a home-based exercise program. They purchase equipment and learn how to use it, but they seldom adhere to a regular workout schedule on their own.


text: Museum staff read stories about famous aviators, hot-air balloon flights, trips to Mars, characters visible in the night sky, or creatures that have their own wings. Each session includes one story and a hands-on activity. Groups larger than 15 are encouraged to reserve a program through the group reservation form.


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Subscribe To Oprah Winfrey Posts A Strange New Photo From Set Of Lee Daniels' The Butler Updates
I've already subscribed
It was thanks to Oprah Winfrey's Instagram feed that we got our first ever look at Alan Rickman and Jane Fonda in the upcoming Lee Daniels film The Butler, and now she's at it again, only this time her shot parner has changed.
While the first photo the actress took had her standing with the director and Ronald and Nancy Reagan, the newest features Winfrey with Terrence Howard, who sadly doesn't play a notable historic person in the movie (instead playing a character named Howard). That said, the picture is interesting just because of the insane look of Winfrey's face and the caption that reads
"And THAT's a Wrap! Terrance Howard and me in our goodbye"love scene". Thanks Lee Daniels for the great experience. #theButler"
Check out the image below:
Based on true events, The Butler tells the story of Cecil Gaines (Forest Whitaker), a man who served as the White House butler hunder eight different American presidents. The film follows the man through decades of social and political change while also focusing on him as a person and a family man. The all-star ensemble cast includes Robin Williams (Dwight D. Eisenhower), James Marsden (John F. Kennedy), Liev Schrieber (Lyndon B. Johnson), John Cusack (Richard Nixon), Alan Rickman (Ronald Reagan), Melissa Leo, Minka Kelly, Lenny Kravitz, Cuba Gooding Jr., Jane Fonda, Terrence Howard, Vanessa Redgrave, Mariah Carey, David Oyelowo, Alex Pettyfer and Jesse Williams. The Weinstein Company recently picked up the rights to distribute the movie in the United States, though a release date has not yet been announced.


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Saturday, March 17, 2007
Taylor and Einhorn on Graber, Dred Scott and the Problem of Constitutional Evil
A review that takes up the book on its own terms appeared on H-Law before the Legal History Blog was created. This ones speaks more to the question of the relationship between the way historians do history, and the way constitutional scholars do it. It is by Robin L. Einhorn, Department of History, University of California, Berkeley. She writes:
Mark A. Graber has written a brilliant book that is flawed in a way that only a brilliant book can be. It consists of a provocative introduction, three long essays (essentially law review articles), and a short coda, all taking Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857) as a jumping-off point for reflections about constitutional interpretation and politics. The first essay criticizes constitutional theorists who misuse the case. The second defends Chief Justice Roger Taney's ruling as consistent with the vision of the framers. The third criticizes Abraham Lincoln's constitutionalism as inconsistent with the vision of the framers. The coda, verging on the bizarre, urges contemporary Americans to treat our own constitutional disputes as if we were voting for John Bell over Abraham Lincoln in 1860.
Although readers of H-Law are unlikely to need reminding, the 1857 ruling in the Dred Scott case was twofold: that African Americans could not become citizens of the United States and that Congress could not ban slavery in the territories (or delegate that power to territorial legislatures). African Americans could not be citizens because there was a consensus among the founders that "they had no rights which the white man is bound to respect." Congress could not ban slavery in the territories because slaves were "property" and therefore protected by the due process clause of the Fifth Amendment ("an act of Congress which deprives a citizen ... of his ... property, merely because he ... brought his property into a particular Territory of the United States ... could hardly be dignified with the name of due process of law").
Graber is a political scientist and constitutional lawyer; I am a historian. While political scientists and historians are both intended audiences for this book, it is aimed most of all at the lawyers. Graber wants to persuade lawyers, judges, and legal theorists that "constitutional evil" is a real, even inherent, problem of political life that cannot be evaded or defined away--but that also cannot be confronted without risking cataclysmic violence. He presents this understanding of constitutional evil as an originalist basis for future constitutional interpretation by making a historical argument that the framers designed the Constitution around it, and a normative argument that the framers were right, that their solution remains the only hope for peace in an ideologically polarized society. The problem of constitutional evil exists when there is basic disagreement in a society about what counts as evil. For the framers, this disagreement was about slavery. For the United States today, Graber's main example is abortion, where the evil is either abortion or public control over women's bodies. In other societies, such disagreements usually arise from diverse ethno-religious commitments.
For the rest of Einhorn's review, click here. For Michael J.C. Taylor's review, click here. For Graber's blogging on on Dred Scott, constitutional history and other topics at Balkinization, click here.
2 comments:
- Robert Baker said...
Taylor's review of Graber's book on Dred Scott brings up a point that is near to my heart—the accessibility of modern scholarship and the ability to speak to a broader public. I am all for this, but Taylor's shots weren't merely wide of the mark, they hit the wrong target. Works of intellectual sophistication are necessarily dense. While they can also be elegant, there are different styles of prose, and I like Graber's. It is forceful and distinctive. Taylor seems to have wanted more traditional storytelling, but works on constitutional theory need not be stuffed into narrative form. As Prof. Dudziak points out, Graber is not an historian.
Even if he was, the poverty of Taylor's review is self-evident. He does not take seriously any of the flaws with Graber's argument, or the problems that it might pose for Civil War historians who are not legal specialists. Doubtlessly, historians of race and the western territories (to name a few) will benefit from familiarity with Graber's argument. One of the points of a scholarly review ought to be to bring the work to the attention of other scholars. If Taylor had spent but a little time addressing serious questions, rather than lecturing the reader that "the whole point of writing of the past is to convey its importance and relevance to an audience that will digest the lessons it has to offer," then we might gain something by his review.
I should say that I happen to agree with Taylor that scholars ought to be writing to larger audiences. But I find it odd that a professional historian would spend four paragraphs of a review chastising a political scientist for not writing David McCulloch-style history. Especially when Taylor's audience were readers of H-Net, which are other professionals in the humanities and social sciences. We read these reviews to help us keep up with the literature. We deserve better.
- March 17, 2007 at 7:48:00 PM EDT
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- October 4, 2008 at 10:04:00 PM EDT


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The EIT Membership Services page gives you access to your membership options, including listing a a place of business as well as events. You can also set up your personal options here.
If you are interested in advertising with us, you can check out our advertising options here. You can also send our sales department an email..
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Former Southern Alamance student Bobby Guthrie and former Williams High School athlete and coach Sam Story are among the selections for induction into the North Carolina High School Athletic Association�s Hall of Fame.
The induction selections will be honored during the Oct. 26 Boston College / North Carolina football game in Chapel Hill. The formal induction will be next spring in Chapel Hill.
Former Wake Forest men�s basketball coach Dave Odom is also in the class.
The others in the class are Jack Huss of Rutherfordton, Lindsey Linker of Chapel Hill, Shelly Marsh of Smithfield, Cindi Simmons of Webster and Ron Vincent of Greenville. That brings the number of selections to 156.
Guthrie, a member of the Southern Alamance Hall of Fame, graduated from University of North Carolina in 1974, where he was an outstanding baseball player. He coached baseball at Scotland County and UNC Wilmington, later working at Wilmington Laney and Apex before becoming the senior senior administrator for athletics for the Wake County schools.
A former member of the Boards of Directors of both the NCHSAA and the North Carolina Athletic Directors Association, Guthrie has also been recognized nationally for his contributions to coaches education. He was the National Federation Coach Educator of the Year in 2010 and is in the Southern Alamance Hall of Fame.
Story, a graduate of Elon College, had a 40-year career as a coach and teacher, including 29 as a football coach. He began his high school coaching at what was then Gibsonville High School for a year and then went to Southern Alamance. He was athletics director and football coach at Southern Alamance from 1973-77, where his teams posted a great mark of 37-7. After several years as an assistant at Duke, Story went back to Williams where the Bulldogs rolled up a record of 201-98, including winning two Class 3-A state championships. He also won six conference track and field championships at Williams as a coach.
He coached in both the Shrine Bowl of the Carolinas and the North Carolina Coaches Association East-West All-Star Game.
Odom was a three-sport standout at Goldsboro High School before going to Guilford College. He coached at Goldsboro and Durham High School before his college coaching career.


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We've been following the guys at BRD since the beginning of the year, and this scrappy San Francisco company has finally busted out of stealth mode with its first electric motorcycle line: the BRD RedShift. With a goal of meeting or exceeding parity with gasoline-powered two-wheelers, BRD's first foray into the motorcycle industry is an interesting one, as the RedShift line brings true 250cc four-stroke power to the electric realm. Producing 40hp from the company's proprietary water-cooled AC motor, the BRD RedShift SM produces more power than a Honda CRF250R while tipping scales at less than 250 lbs in supermoto trim (less than 240 lbs in MX-spec).
The RedShift line is BRD's first line of motorcycle, and will feature three different purpose-built trims. The Supermoto (SM) model will be BRD's on-road city bike, while the MX model will be the company's enduro offering. BRD has also factored fleet sales heavily into its business plan, and will have a vehicle, designated as the RedShift PD, that will be available for government and private fleet usage. Point of sale and warranty work will stem from a standard dealer model, which will be aggressively built out over the coming months, and plays back into the company's mantra that electric vehicles don't need to be different from gas bikes, just better than them.


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Latest media releases
UBS Consumption Indicator: Slight setback in consumer spending
Although the UBS Consumption Indicator showed a slight decline in April, it still indicates moderate growth in consumption.
In April, the UBS Consumption Indicator fell by 0.10 points to 1.58. This value is still slightly above the long-term average of 1.5 and indicates moderate growth in Swiss consumption year-on-year. The continued increase in new car registrations (April: +6.8 percent year-on-year) and the slight increase in business activity in the retail sector continued to support the economy in April. However, a decline in consumer sentiment as surveyed by the State Secretariat for Economic Affairs (SECO) is also included in the calculation of the UBS Consumption Indicator and overshadowed these positive trends.
Consumer sentiment may have been adversely affected by negative reporting on the European debt problem and the disaster in Japan. Fundamentally though, UBS Economic Research still has a positive outlook for consumers: Low interest rates, a booming job market and the strong franc, which makes imported consumer goods cheaper, are likely to continue to help fuel solid growth in consumer spending. Concretely, UBS expects a 1.6 percent growth rate in inflation-adjusted consumer spending this year.
The UBS Consumption Indicator is calculated on the basis of five sub-indicators: new car registrations, business activity in the retail sector, the number of domestic overnight stays in hotels by Swiss residents, the consumer sentiment index, and credit card transactions via UBS at points of sale in Switzerland.
UBS Consumption Indicator and private consumption in Switzerland
(Private consumption: year-on-year change, in %; UBS Consumption Indicator: index level)
Daniel Kalt, Chief Economist Switzerland
Tel. +41 44 234 25 60
Sibille Duss, Economic Research Switzerland
Tel. +41 44 235 69 54
UBS publications and forecasts for Switzerland:


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miasacraft.cbouton.com - _infinia_'s ftb server. PM him, headprogrammingczar, or get on #MIASACraft channel on irc.esper.net for Whitelist addifying
Uses FTB Private Pack "MIASACraft" - modlist can be found at /r/MIASACraft
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Limestone Road north of 350th Road
Ronnie H. Carpenter, 16, of 311 N. B St., Ramona, swerved to miss a coyote and went off the road at 9:15 a.m. July 15. The 2006 Chrysler sedan he was driving crashed into a barbed-wire fence and utility pole.
He was taken by Tampa ambulance to Herington Municipal Hospital. The vehicle is owned by Michael L. Bailey, same address, and had to be towed.
Deer strikes
Hoyt Gold Tessener, 52, of 129 Hillcrest Road, Raleigh, N.C., struck and killed a deer with a 2005 Ford coupe owned by Nicholas Gold Tessener, same address, at 3:55 p.m. June 17 on U.S. 50 east of Yarrow Road.
Debra Sue Van Syoc, 52, of 307 N. Main St., Hillsboro, struck a deer with her 2008 Ford sedan at 2:20 a.m. Thursday on K-15 south of 140th Road.
Last modified July 25, 2013


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Properties for WB Goat IgG DAB Chromogenic Kit (Yellow)
|Product Category
|Detection Kits & Signal Boosters
|1 kit
|Shipping to
|Not USA/Canada
|PDF datasheet
|View Datasheet
|Boster Immunoleader
|Manufacturer certificates
Datasheet Extract
|Add. information
|Kit components:
1. Blocking Reagent: 2×10g protein dry powder.
2. Concentrated antibody diluent solution: 20 ml/bottle. 10×.
3. Polymeric peroxidase‐conjugated rabbit anti‐goat IgG: 0.2 ml. 200‐400×.
4. DAB chromogenic reagent, containing:
Material Required But Not Provided:
6.•Wash Buffer: Add 0.5 ml of TWEEN 20 into 1000 ml of diluent buffer.
|• "Goat IgG" refers to the origin of animal species of the primary antibody, not the origin of the specimen. This kit applies to the primary antibodies raised from goat.• Store the kit at 4°C for frequent use, or at ‐20°C for infrequent use. The shelf life at ‐20°C is one year.• Chromogenic reagent A should be stored at ‐20°C. If crystal appears, fully dissolve it before use.• Chromogenic working solution should be freshly prepared.
|‐20°C for 1 year. DAB reagent should be protected from light.


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The details of a controversial media case involving the transfer of secret Israeli army documents to a top Israeli newspaper were finally released on Thursday, pushing into the limelight the ways in which state security concerns here vie with – and sometimes trump – democratic values, especially press freedom.
Amid increased pressure to lift a gag order that was issued by a local Tel Aviv area magistrate court, the court cleared for publication on Thursday accusations that Anat Kam, a 23-year-old internet reporter, had stolen documents while she was serving in the Israeli army's Central Command office. She then provided the material to a senior reporter at Haaretz, Israel's center-left paper of record, who ran several stories based on the documents, an indictment filed against Ms. Kam in January says.
The resulting articles included an explosive story by the Haaretz journalist, Uri Blau, who showed that the army used targeted assassinations against wanted Palestinians even when they knew that arrest was possible, in apparent violation of Israeli Supreme Court rulings.
The case has unearthed – not for the first time – what advocates of civil liberties see as one of the more troubling features of life in a state perpetually in conflict with its neighbors: limits on freedom of the press. But to those primarily concerned about how to get the upper hand in an unfriendly region, censorship and secrecy play a crucial role in the seemingly never-ending war.
"This is part of a wider attack on freedom of speech in recent years, which includes harassment of demonstrators as well as court orders of censorship," says Dan Yakir, chief legal council for the Association for Civil Right in Israel (ACRI). "These are worrying signs. It shakes fundamental notions of civil liberties in a democracy."
Mr. Yakir led the push to get the court to release the gag order, along with Haaretz, Israel's Channel 10, and – finally, on Thursday – Israel's own attorney general. Pressure had mounted as details were already being reported in foreign newspapers in recent days.
Some gag orders are issued because they involve minors or other people deserving of protection, he says. But often, as in this case, the army or law enforcement authorities only have to declare something a "security" issue for there to be a total blackout.
"Magistrate judges quite easily issue gag orders based on requests from the security forces and the police, without any consideration as to the freedom of press and the right of the public to know," says Yakir.
The Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ) issued a statement applauding the decision to lift the gag order on Thursday.
"We welcome the lifting of the gag order imposed in the case of a former soldier charged with leaking military documents," said Mohamed Abdel Dayem, CPJ's Middle East and North Africa program coordinator. "Possible violations of the Supreme Court's decisions constitute a legitimate news story, and the Israeli media must be allowed to report on it."
Israel's chief military censor speaks out
Institutionalized censorship in Israel has come under fire by advocates of press freedom on many occasions in the past few years, particularly following Israel's wars with Lebanon in 2006, and in Gaza in 2009. Israel still has an Office of the Chief Military Censor, and Israeli reporters covering security affairs must have their articles submitted to her office for clearance.
But the chief censor, Col. Sima Vaknin-Gil, said in a Haaretz interview published Thursday that this court-issued gag order – in which she had no role – was inappropriately long, and should have been reassessed as soon as the media deluge began.
In a 2008 interview with the Monitor, she said she provides Israeli papers with a list of 36 "censurable topics," and that about 85 percent of the articles submitted to them by editors are returned unchanged.
"Censorship in a democratic country has a bad connotation, and we want to minimize the feeling that the public is subordinate to the military," Col. Vaknin-Gil said at the time.
In its most recent report, the Washington-based Freedom House says press freedom "is respected in Israel, and the media are vibrant and independent." It adds: "While print articles on security matters are subject to a military censor, the scope of permissible reporting is wide."
Indeed, Vaknin-Gil authorized Blau's major investigative report in Haaretz in November 2008 - apparently based on the documents provided by Kam - to be published.
Did Kam endanger Israel or its citizens?
Yaron Ezrahi, long one of Israel's most vocal advocates for democratic values, says Kam's case presents many complications. On the one hand, he notes, it's natural for any state to look sternly on the theft of information by a soldier with access to sensitive documents. And while the gag order seems an impingement on the public's right to know, a different gag order on the corruption case involving Israel's last prime minister, Ehud Olmert – coincidentally lifted today – proved very useful for state investigators working on the case.
"There is a sense of dissatisfaction at the imposing of a gag on this event, but it broke on exactly in the same day as the lifting of a gag restriction which, it turns out, has been extremely instrumental in getting to the core of the Olmert corruption case," said Ezrahi, senior fellow emeritus at the Israel Democracy Institute.
What will determine how Kam is punished will be whether or not prosecutors can prove that the information she allegedly took and then provided to the Haaretz journalist actually endangered state security or the lives of Israelis.
"It raises questions of freedom of the press, but it is not yet at all clear that the censorship was unwarranted," Ezrahi says. "Only the [security services] know what kind of documents are now in the hands of this journalist, who doesn't want to come back to Israel and is staying in London." The Independent, a British newspaper, revealed on April 2 that Blau was hiding in London while his editors tried to negotiate the terms of his return.
"If among these 2,000 pages of documents there are details of a major secret operation that involve the lives of Israeli agents, and [Kam] passed it on, even unknowingly, and it could foil an operation or hurt the life of an agent somewhere, it has major consequences," says Ezrahi.
Kam's lawyer, Eitan Lehman, said at a press conference on Thursday, however, that none of the actions Kam is accused of undermined national security. If the documents were on the level of state secrets, he suggested, Vaknin-Gil in the censorship office never would have allowed Blau's story to run.
"At no stage was any damage caused to the State of Israel's national security," Lehman said. "There was certainly no intention to cause such damage."