text:
Admission requirements
- For the Master's Programme in Computer and Systems Sciences and the Master programme in Information Systems Management a bachelor degree and a minimum of 90 ECTS within computer science, systems science, informatics, or information systems is required.
- For the Master's Programme in Health informatics a Bachelor's degree or a professional degree equivalent to a Swedish Bachelor's degree of at least 180 ECTS in healthcare, biomedicine, medical technology, computer and systems sciences, informatics or the equivalent.
- For the Master's Programmes in Decision Support and Risk Analysis 120 credits and 60 credits a Bachelor degree or a degree equal to 180 ECTS. No previous ECTS in computer science needed.
- For the Master's Programmes in Information Security and Open eGovernment a Bachelor degree or a degree equal to 180 ECTS. Students with less than 90 credits in computer and systems sciences (e.g., computer science, systems science, informatics, information systems etc.) will start with a bridging course in computer and system sciences (15 credits) as part of the programme to get the needed background knowledge in the area of computer and systems sciences.
English language
Swedish upper secondary school course English B or:
- IELTS (International English Language Testing Service)- Academic Module: Overall minimum score of 6.5 (with no section below 5.5).
- TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language)
- Paper Based: Overall minimum score of 575 (with minimum score 4.5 in the written test)
- Internet based : Overall minimum score of 90 (with minimum score 20 in the written test)
- University of Cambridge and Oxford: Certificate in Advanced English or Diploma of English Studies
Other documents
No other documents are needed. Only the degree, list of credits and grades and proof of English proficiency are needed for the application.
Last updated:
November 21, 2018
Source: Administration of Studies


text:
The original human need for a stress response was adaptive, called the "fight or flight" response. Typically, this response allowed us to engage a threat, such as an attacking animal. In modern Western society, the most common daily stressors are minor psychological events, such as an angry client on the telephone or the tension of driving in heavy traffic. Even these seemingly minor occurrences produce a low-level "fight or flight" reaction in the body. The cumulative or chronic occurrence of these mild stressors may not allow adequate or full recovery and results in many of modern society's health problems.
The stress response causes the brain to release chemicals that stimulate the nervous system. Adrenalin is pumped into the bloodstream along with extra sugar and fat, from body stores, for energy to fuel muscles. Mental activity is focused, some organs slow their activity, while others are accelerated. The muscles tense up, the breathing rate increases, there may be tightness in the chest and queasiness in the stomach. In a high stress state, most of these reactions will be present. In a lower stress state only one or several may be present and in varying degrees.
Many believe that a healthy human body could be able to live as long as 120 years before organs gradually slow down and stop. Stress accelerates the decline by actually damaging some organs and accelerating the wear and tear on others. Stress may accelerate aging and cause heart disease, atherosclerosis, diabetes, arthritis, fatigue, immune problems, adjustment disorders and anxiety and depression, and many other problems, including cancer. Close to 70-80% of the problems seen by doctors are most likely caused by stress.
Some of the physiologic reactions to stress are: muscle tension, rapid heartbeat, sweaty palms, diarrhea or constipation, increased gastric acid, high blood pressure, increased adreanl hormones, exaggerated mental alertness, increased blood sugar, increased blood lipds, dry mouth, increased insulin, increased thyroid hormone and immune changes.
The physical problems that can result from stress are: insomnia, nervous irritability, headaches, atherosclerosis, hypertension, irritable bowel, gastritis, arrhythmias, panic attacks, anxiety, depression, fatigue, substance abuse, immune deficiencies, asthma, skin problems, allergies, muscle spasms, neuralgias, vision changes, hyperventilation, dehydration, sudden cardiac death, vasospasm, increased cholesterol, increased platelets, decreased oxygen, appetite problems, accelerated auto immune problems increased actually, miscarriages decreased libido, impotence, menstrual changes, disturbed memory, among others.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Windows - Video Apps
ConvertXtoDVD 3 0 0 1 Final And Patch
Download your torrents safely! And Anonymously!
Torrent info
Name:ConvertXtoDVD 3 0 0 1 Final And Patch
Infohash: A6D17E02E0AD26C96F8DFB0E31038545DC87C6E2
Total Size: 21.01 MB
Magnet: Magnet Download
Seeds: 0
Leechers: 0
Stream: Watch Full Movie @ Movie4u
Last Updated: 2009-11-28 13:10:31 (Update Now)
Torrent added: 2008-09-11 15:47:28
Alternatives:ConvertXtoDVD 3 0 0 1 Final And Patch Torrents
Torrent Files List
Enjoy The Program And Please Seed As Much As You Can.txt (Size: 21.01 MB) (Files: 4)
Enjoy The Program And Please Seed As Much As You Can.txt0.06 KB
Patch File
ConvertXtoDvd.exe6.32 MB
Read Me Instructions.txt0.99 KB
setup.exe14.69 MB
Announce URL: http://tpb.tracker.thepiratebay.org:80/announce
Torrent description
ConvertXtoDVD 188.8.131.52 Final
With ConvertXtoDVD, video conversion software, you can convert and burn
all your videos and convert Avi to DVD!
Backup and transfer your movies to DVD and enjoy watching them on any
home DVD player. All in one conversion and burning software.
This award-winning divx to dvd video converter software supports most video
and audio formats for video conversion (avi, mpg, mov, wmv, mkv, ogm and more)
and even handles DVD to DVD copy!
Installation Instructions
1: Open Setup. Install program. DO NOT Start Program.
2: Copy Patch file into the program directory which is usually
C:\Program Files\VSO\ConvertX\3
It will replace the file with the same name.
3: ConvertXtoDVD is now registered and ready to use.
4: Enjoy the program !!
related torrents
Torrent namehealth leech seeds Size


text: {-# LANGUAGE ScopedTypeVariables, ExistentialQuantification, DeriveDataTypeable , FlexibleInstances, UndecidableInstances #-} {- | TCache is a transactional cache with configurable persitence that permits STM transactions with objects that syncronize sincromous or asyncronously with their user defined storages. Default persistence in files is provided by default TCache implements ''DBRef' 's . They are persistent STM references with a typical Haskell interface. simitar to TVars ('newDBRef', 'readDBRef', 'writeDBRef' etc) but with added. persistence . DBRefs are serializable, so they can be stored and retrieved. Because they are references,they point to other serializable registers. This permits persistent mutable Inter-object relations For simple transactions of lists of objects of the same type TCache implements inversion of control primitives 'withSTMResources' and variants, that call pure user defined code for registers update. Examples below. Triggers in "Data.TCache.Triggers" are user defined hooks that are called back on register updates. .They are used internally for indexing. "Data.TCache.IndexQuery" implements an straighforwards pure haskell type safe query language based on register field relations. This module must be imported separately. "Data.TCache.IndexText" add full text search and content search to the query language "Data.TCache.DefaultPersistence" has instances for key indexation , serialization and default file persistence. The file persistence is more reliable, and the embedded IO reads inside STM transactions are safe. "Data.Persistent.Collection" implements a persistent, transactional collection with Queue interface as well as indexed access by key -} module Data.TCache ( -- * Inherited from 'Control.Concurrent.STM' and variations atomically ,atomicallySync ,STM ,unsafeIOToSTM ,safeIOToSTM -- * Operations with cached database references {-| @DBRefs@ are persistent cached database references in the STM monad with read/write primitives, so the traditional syntax of Haskell STM references can be used for interfacing with databases. As expected, the DBRefs are transactional, because they operate in the STM monad. A @DBRef@ is associated with its referred object trough its key. Since DBRefs are serializable, they can be elements of mutable cached objects themselves. They could point to other mutable objects and so on, so DBRefs can act as \"hardwired\" relations from mutable objects to other mutable objects in the database/cache. their referred objects are loaded, saved and flused to and from the cache automatically depending on the cache handling policies and the access needs @DBRefs@ are univocally identified by its pointed object keys, so they can be compared, ordered checked for equality so on. The creation of a DBRef, trough 'getDBRef' is pure. This permits an efficient lazy access to the registers trouth their DBRefs by lazy marshalling of the register content on demand. Example: Car registers have references to Person regiters @ data Person= Person {pname :: String} deriving (Show, Read, Eq, Typeable) data Car= Car{owner :: DBRef Person , cname:: String} deriving (Show, Read, Eq, Typeable) @ Here the Car register point to the Person register trough the owner field To permit persistence and being refered with DBRefs, define the Indexable instance for these two register types: @ instance Indexable Person where key Person{pname= n} = "Person " ++ n instance Indexable Car where key Car{cname= n} = "Car " ++ n @ Now we create a DBRef to a Person whose name is \"Bruce\" >>> let bruce = getDBRef . key $ Person "Bruce" :: DBRef Person >>> show bruce >"DBRef \"Person bruce\"" >>> atomically (readDBRef bruce) >Nothing 'getDBRef' is pure and creates the reference, but not the referred object; To create both the reference and the DBRef, use 'newDBRef'. Lets create two Car's and its two Car DBRefs with bruce as owner: >>> cars <- atomically $ mapM newDBRef [Car bruce "Bat Mobile", Car bruce "Porsche"] >>> print cars >[DBRef "Car Bat Mobile",DBRef "Car Porsche"] >>> carRegs<- atomically $ mapM readDBRef cars > [Just (Car {owner = DBRef "Person bruce", cname = "Bat Mobile"}) > ,Just (Car {owner = DBRef "Person bruce", cname = "Porsche"})] try to write with 'writeDBRef' >>> atomically . writeDBRef bruce $ Person "Other" >*** Exception: writeDBRef: law of key conservation broken: old , new= Person bruce , Person Other DBRef's can not be written with objects of different keys >>> atomically . writeDBRef bruce $ Person "Bruce" >>> let Just carReg1= head carRegs now from the Car register it is possible to recover the owner's register >>> atomically $ readDBRef ( owner carReg1) >Just (Person {pname = "bruce"}) DBRefs, once the pointed cached object is looked up in the cache and found at creation, they does not perform any further cache lookup afterwards, so reads and writes from/to DBRefs are faster than *Resource(s) calls, which perform cache lookups everytime the object is accessed DBRef's and @*Resource(s)@ primitives are completely interoperable. The latter operate implicitly with DBRef's -} ,DBRef ,getDBRef ,keyObjDBRef ,newDBRef --,newDBRefIO ,readDBRef ,writeDBRef ,delDBRef -- * @IResource@ class {- | cached objects must be instances of IResource. Such instances can be implicitly derived trough auxiliary clasess for file persistence -} ,IResource(..) -- * Operations with cached objects {- | implement inversion of control primitives where the user defines the objects to retrive. The primitives then call a the defined function that, determines how to transform the objects retrieved,wich are sent back to the storage and a result is returned. In this example \"buy\" is a transaction where the user buy an item. The spent amount is increased and the stock of the product is decreased: @ data Data= User{uname:: String, uid:: String, spent:: Int} | Item{iname:: String, iid:: String, price:: Int, stock:: Int} deriving (Read, Show) instance Indexable Data where key User{uid=id}= id key Item{iid=id}= id user `buy` item= 'withResources'[user,item] buyIt where buyIt[Just us,Just it] | stock it > 0= [us',it'] | otherwise = error \"stock is empty for this product\" where us'= us{spent=spent us + price it} it'= it{stock= stock it-1} buyIt _ = error \"either the user or the item (or both) does not exist\" @ -} ,Resources(..) -- data definition used to communicate object Inserts and Deletes to the cache ,resources -- empty resources ,withSTMResources ,withResources ,withResource ,getResources ,getResource ,deleteResources ,deleteResource -- * Trigger operations {- | Trriggers are called just before an object of the given type is created, modified or deleted. The DBRef to the object and the new value is passed to the trigger. The called trigger function has two parameters: the DBRef being accesed (which still contains the old value), and the new value. If the content of the DBRef is being deleted, the second parameter is 'Nothing'. if the DBRef contains Nothing, then the object is being created Example: Every time a car is added, or deleted, the owner's list is updated. This is done by the user defined trigger addCar @ addCar pcar (Just(Car powner _ )) = addToOwner powner pcar addCar pcar Nothing = readDBRef pcar >>= \\(Just car)-> deleteOwner (owner car) pcar addToOwner powner pcar=do Just owner <- readDBRef powner writeDBRef powner owner{cars= nub $ pcar : cars owner} deleteOwner powner pcar= do Just owner <- readDBRef powner writeDBRef powner owner{cars= delete pcar $ cars owner} main= do 'addTrigger' addCar putStrLn \"create bruce's register with no cars\" bruce \<- 'atomically' 'newDBRef' $ Person \"Bruce\" [] putStrLn \"add two car register with \\"bruce\\" as owner using the reference to the bruces register\" let newcars= [Car bruce \"Bat Mobile\" , Car bruce \"Porsche\"] insert newcars Just bruceData \<- atomically $ 'readDBRef' bruce putStrLn \"the trigger automatically updated the car references of the Bruce register\" print . length $ cars bruceData print bruceData @ gives: > main > 2 > Person {pname = "Bruce", cars = [DBRef "Car Porsche",DBRef "Car Bat Mobile"]} -} ,addTrigger -- * Cache control ,flushDBRef ,flushAll ,Cache ,setCache ,newCache --,refcache ,syncCache ,setConditions ,clearSyncCache ,numElems ,syncWrite ,SyncMode(..) ,clearSyncCacheProc ,defaultCheck -- * Other ,onNothing ) where import GHC.Conc import Control.Monad(when) import Data.HashTable as H import Data.IORef import System.IO.Unsafe import System.IO(hPutStr, stderr) import Data.Maybe import Data.Char(isSpace) import Data.TCache.Defs import Data.TCache.IResource import Data.TCache.Triggers import Control.Exception(handle,assert, bracket, SomeException) import Data.Typeable import System.Time import System.Mem import System.Mem.Weak import Control.Concurrent.MVar import Control.Exception(catch, throw,evaluate) import Debug.Trace (!>) = flip trace -- there are two references to the DBRef here -- The Maybe one keeps it alive until the cache releases it for *Resources -- calls which does not reference dbrefs explicitly -- The weak reference keeps the dbref alive until is it not referenced elsewere data CacheElem= forall a.(IResource a,Typeable a) => CacheElem (Maybe (DBRef a)) (Weak(DBRef a)) type Ht = HashTable String CacheElem -- contains the hastable, last sync time type Cache = IORef (Ht , Integer) data CheckTPVarFlags= AddToHash | NoAddToHash -- | Set the cache. this is useful for hot loaded modules that will update an existing cache. Experimental setCache :: Cache -> IO() setCache ref = readIORef ref >>= \ch -> writeIORef refcache ch -- | The cache holder. stablished by default refcache :: Cache refcache =unsafePerformIO $ newCache >>= newIORef -- | Creates a new cache. Experimental newCache :: IO (Ht , Integer) newCache =do c <- H.new (==) hashString return (c,0) -- | Return the total number of DBRefs in the cache. For debug purposes. -- This does not count the number of objects in the cache since many of the DBRef -- may not have the pointed object loaded. It's O(n). numElems :: IO Int numElems= do (cache, _) <- readIORef refcache elems <- toList cache return $ length elems deRefWeakSTM = unsafeIOToSTM . deRefWeak --deleteFromCache :: (IResource a, Typeable a) => DBRef a -> IO () --deleteFromCache (DBRef k tv)= do -- (cache, _) <- readIORef refcache -- H.delete cache k -- !> ("delete " ++ k) fixToCache :: (IResource a, Typeable a) => DBRef a -> IO () fixToCache dbref@(DBRef k tv)= do (cache, _) <- readIORef refcache w <- mkWeakPtr dbref $ Just $ fixToCache dbref H.update cache k (CacheElem (Just dbref) w) return() -- | Return the reference value. If it is not in the cache, it is fetched -- from the database. readDBRef :: (IResource a, Typeable a) => DBRef a -> STM (Maybe a) readDBRef dbref@(DBRef key tv)= do r <- readTVar tv case r of Exist (Elem x _ mt) -> do t <- unsafeIOToSTM timeInteger writeTVar tv . Exist $ Elem x t mt return $ Just x DoNotExist -> return $ Nothing NotRead -> do r <- safeIOToSTM $ readResourceByKey key case r of Nothing -> writeTVar tv DoNotExist >> return Nothing Just x -> do t <- unsafeIOToSTM timeInteger writeTVar tv $ Exist $ Elem x t t return $ Just x -- | Write in the reference a value -- The new key must be the same than the old key of the previous object stored -- otherwise, an error "law of key conservation broken" will be raised -- -- WARNING: the value to be written in the DBRef must be fully evaluated. Delayed evaluations at -- serialization time can cause inconsistencies in the database. -- In future releases this will be enforced. writeDBRef :: (IResource a, Typeable a) => DBRef a -> a -> STM () writeDBRef dbref@(DBRef key tv) x= x `seq` do let newkey= keyResource x if newkey /= key then error $ "writeDBRef: law of key conservation broken: old , new= " ++ key ++ " , "++newkey else do applyTriggers [dbref] [Just x] t <- unsafeIOToSTM timeInteger writeTVar tv $! Exist $! Elem x t t return() instance Show (DBRef a) where show (DBRef key _)= "getDBRef \""++ key ++ "\"" instance (IResource a, Typeable a) => Read (DBRef a) where readsPrec n str1= readit str where str = dropWhile isSpace str1 readit ('g':'e':'t':'D':'B':'R':'e':'f':' ':'\"':str1)= let (key,nstr) = break (== '\"') str1 in [( getDBRef key :: DBRef a, tail nstr)] readit _ = [] instance Eq (DBRef a) where DBRef k _ == DBRef k' _ = k==k' instance Ord (DBRef a) where compare (DBRef k _) (DBRef k' _) = compare k k' -- | Return the key of the object pointed to by the DBRef keyObjDBRef :: DBRef a -> String keyObjDBRef (DBRef k _)= k -- | Get the reference to the object in the cache. if it does not exist, the reference is created empty. -- Every execution of 'getDBRef' returns the same unique reference to this key, -- so it can be safely considered pure. This is a property useful because deserialization -- of objects with unused embedded DBRef's do not need to marshall them eagerly. -- Tbis also avoid unnecesary cache lookups of the pointed objects. {-# NOINLINE getDBRef #-} getDBRef :: (Typeable a, IResource a) => String -> DBRef a getDBRef key= unsafePerformIO $! getDBRef1 $! key where getDBRef1 :: (Typeable a, IResource a) => String -> IO (DBRef a) getDBRef1 key = do (cache,_) <- readIORef refcache -- !> ("getDBRef "++ key) r <- H.lookup cache key case r of Just (CacheElem mdb w) -> do mr <- deRefWeak w case mr of Just dbref@(DBRef _ tv) -> case mdb of Nothing -> return $! castErr dbref -- !> "just" Just _ -> do H.update cache key (CacheElem Nothing w) --to notify when the DBREf leave its reference return $! castErr dbref Nothing -> finalize w >> getDBRef1 key -- !> "finalize" -- the weak pointer has not executed his finalizer Nothing -> do tv<- newTVarIO NotRead -- !> "Nothing" dbref <- evaluate $ DBRef key tv w <- mkWeakPtr dbref . Just $ fixToCache dbref H.update cache key (CacheElem Nothing w) return dbref {- | Create the object passed as parameter (if it does not exist) and -- return its reference in the IO monad. -- If an object with the same key already exists, it is returned as is -- If not, the reference is created with the new value. -- If you like to update in any case, use 'getDBRef' and 'writeDBRef' combined newDBRefIO :: (IResource a,Typeable a) => a -> IO (DBRef a) newDBRefIO x= do let key = keyResource x mdbref <- mDBRefIO key case mdbref of Right dbref -> return dbref Left cache -> do tv<- newTVarIO DoNotExist let dbref= DBRef key tv w <- mkWeakPtr dbref . Just $ fixToCache dbref H.update cache key (CacheElem Nothing w) t <- timeInteger atomically $ do applyTriggers [dbref] [Just x] --`debug` ("before "++key) writeTVar tv . Exist $ Elem x t t return dbref -} ---- get a single DBRef if exist --mDBRefIO -- :: (IResource a, Typeable a) -- => String -- ^ the list of partial object definitions for which keyResource can be extracted -- -> IO (Either Ht (DBRef a)) -- ^ ThTCache.hse TVars that contain such objects --mDBRefIO k= do -- (cache,_) <- readIORef refcache -- r <- H.lookup cache k -- case r of -- Just (CacheElem _ w) -> do -- mr <- deRefWeak w -- case mr of -- Just dbref -> return . Right $! castErr dbref -- Nothing -> finalize w >> mDBRefIO k -- Nothing -> return $ Left cache -- | Create the object passed as parameter (if it does not exist) and -- return its reference in the STM monad. -- If an object with the same key already exists, it is returned as is -- If not, the reference is created with the new value. -- If you like to update in any case, use 'getDBRef' and 'writeDBRef' combined -- if you need to create the reference and the reference content, use 'newDBRef' {-# NOINLINE newDBRef #-} newDBRef :: (IResource a, Typeable a) => a -> STM (DBRef a) newDBRef x = do let ref= getDBRef $! keyResource x mr <- readDBRef ref case mr of Nothing -> writeDBRef ref x >> return ref -- !> " write" Just r -> return ref -- !> " non write" --newDBRef :: (IResource a, Typeable a) => a -> STM (DBRef a) --newDBRef x = do -- let key= keyResource x -- mdbref <- unsafeIOToSTM $ mDBRefIO key -- case mdbref of -- Right dbref -> return dbref -- Left cache -> do -- t <- unsafeIOToSTM timeInteger -- tv <- newTVar DoNotExist -- let dbref= DBRef key tv -- (cache,_) <- unsafeIOToSTM $ readIORef refcache -- applyTriggers [dbref] [Just x] -- writeTVar tv . Exist $ Elem x t t -- unsafeIOToSTM $ do -- w <- mkWeakPtr dbref . Just $ fixToCache dbref -- H.update cache key ( CacheElem Nothing w) -- return dbref -- | Delete the content of the DBRef form the cache and from permanent storage delDBRef :: (IResource a, Typeable a) => DBRef a -> STM() delDBRef dbref@(DBRef k tv)= do mr <- readDBRef dbref case mr of Just x -> do applyTriggers [dbref] [Nothing] writeTVar tv DoNotExist safeIOToSTM . criticalSection saving $ delResource x Nothing -> return () -- | Handles Nothing cases in a simpler way than runMaybeT. -- it is used in infix notation. for example: -- -- @result <- readDBRef ref \`onNothing\` error (\"Not found \"++ keyObjDBRef ref)@ -- -- or -- -- @result <- readDBRef ref \`onNothing\` return someDefaultValue@ onNothing io onerr= do my <- io case my of Just y -> return y Nothing -> onerr -- | Deletes the pointed object from the cache, not the database (see 'delDBRef') -- useful for cache invalidation when the database is modified by other process flushDBRef :: (IResource a, Typeable a) =>DBRef a -> STM() flushDBRef (DBRef _ tv)= writeTVar tv NotRead -- | drops the entire cache. flushAll :: STM () flushAll = do (cache,time) <- unsafeIOToSTM $ readIORef refcache elms <- unsafeIOToSTM $ toList cache mapM_ (del cache) elms where del cache ( _ , CacheElem _ w)= do mr <- unsafeIOToSTM $ deRefWeak w case mr of Just (DBRef _ tv) -> writeTVar tv DoNotExist Nothing -> unsafeIOToSTM (finalize w) -- | This is the main function for the *Resource(s) calls. All the rest derive from it. The results are kept in the STM monad -- so it can be part of a larger STM transaction involving other DBRefs. -- The 'Resources' register returned by the user-defined function is interpreted as such: -- -- * 'toAdd': the content of this field will be added/updated to the cache -- -- * 'toDelete': the content of this field will be removed from the cache and from permanent storage -- -- * 'toReturn': the content of this field will be returned by 'withSTMResources' -- -- WARNING: To catch evaluations errors at the right place, the values to be written must be fully evaluated. -- Errors in delayed evaluations at serialization time can cause inconsistencies in the database. withSTMResources :: (IResource a, Typeable a)=> [a] -- ^ the list of resources to be retrieved -> ([Maybe a]-> Resources a x) -- ^ The function that process the resources found and return a Resources structure -> STM x -- ^ The return value in the STM monad. withSTMResources rs f= do (cache,_) <- unsafeIOToSTM $ readIORef refcache mtrs <- takeDBRefs rs cache AddToHash mrs <- mapM mreadDBRef mtrs case f mrs of Retry -> retry Resources as ds r -> do applyTriggers (map (getDBRef . keyResource) ds) (repeat (Nothing `asTypeOf` (Just(head ds)))) delListFromHash cache ds releaseTPVars as cache safeIOToSTM . criticalSection saving $ mapM_ delResource ds return r where mreadDBRef :: (IResource a, Typeable a) => Maybe (DBRef a) -> STM (Maybe a) mreadDBRef (Just dbref)= readDBRef dbref mreadDBRef Nothing = return Nothing -- | Update of a single object in the cache -- -- @withResource r f= 'withResources' [r] (\[mr]-> [f mr])@ withResource:: (IResource a, Typeable a) => a -> (Maybe a-> a) -> IO () withResource r f= withResources [r] (\[mr]-> [f mr]) -- | To atomically add/modify many objects in the cache -- -- @ withResources rs f= atomically $ 'withSTMResources' rs f1 >> return() where f1 mrs= let as= f mrs in Resources as [] ()@ withResources:: (IResource a,Typeable a)=> [a]-> ([Maybe a]-> [a])-> IO () withResources rs f= atomically $ withSTMResources rs f1 >> return() where f1 mrs= let as= f mrs in Resources as [] () -- | To read a resource from the cache. -- -- @getResource r= do{mr<- 'getResources' [r];return $! head mr}@ getResource:: (IResource a, Typeable a)=>a-> IO (Maybe a) getResource r= do{mr<- getResources [r];return $! head mr} -- | To read a list of resources from the cache if they exist -- -- | @getResources rs= atomically $ 'withSTMResources' rs f1 where f1 mrs= Resources [] [] mrs@ getResources:: (IResource a, Typeable a)=>[a]-> IO [Maybe a] getResources rs= atomically $ withSTMResources rs f1 where f1 mrs= Resources [] [] mrs -- | Delete the resource from cache and from persistent storage. -- -- @ deleteResource r= 'deleteResources' [r] @ deleteResource :: (IResource a, Typeable a) => a -> IO () deleteResource r= deleteResources [r] -- | Delete the list of resources from cache and from persistent storage. -- -- @ deleteResources rs= atomically $ 'withSTMResources' rs f1 where f1 mrs = Resources [] (catMaybes mrs) ()@ deleteResources :: (IResource a, Typeable a) => [a] -> IO () deleteResources rs= atomically $ withSTMResources rs f1 where f1 mrs = resources {toDelete=catMaybes mrs} takeDBRefs :: (IResource a, Typeable a) => [a] -> Ht -> CheckTPVarFlags -> STM [Maybe (DBRef a)] takeDBRefs rs cache addToHash= mapM (takeDBRef cache addToHash) rs {-# NOINLINE takeDBRef #-} takeDBRef :: (IResource a, Typeable a) => Ht -> CheckTPVarFlags -> a -> STM(Maybe (DBRef a)) takeDBRef cache flags x =do let keyr= keyResource x c <- unsafeIOToSTM $ H.lookup cache keyr case c of Just (CacheElem _ w) -> do mr <- unsafeIOToSTM $ deRefWeak w case mr of Just dbref -> return . Just $! castErr dbref Nothing -> unsafeIOToSTM (finalize w) >> takeDBRef cache flags x Nothing -> do safeIOToSTM $ readToCache flags cache keyr -- unsafeIOToSTM $ readResourceByKey keyr where readToCache flags cache key= do mr <- readResource x case mr of Nothing -> return Nothing Just r2 -> do ti <- timeInteger tvr <- newTVarIO . Exist $ Elem r2 ti ti case flags of NoAddToHash -> return . Just $ DBRef key tvr AddToHash -> do dbref <- evaluate $ DBRef key tvr w <- mkWeakPtr dbref . Just $ fixToCache dbref H.update cache key (CacheElem (Just dbref) w) return $ Just dbref -- !> ("readToCache "++ key) timeInteger= do TOD t _ <- getClockTime return t releaseTPVars :: (IResource a,Typeable a)=> [a] -> Ht -> STM () releaseTPVars rs cache = mapM_ (releaseTPVar cache) rs releaseTPVar :: (IResource a,Typeable a)=> Ht -> a -> STM () releaseTPVar cache r =do c <- unsafeIOToSTM $ H.lookup cache keyr case c of Just (CacheElem _ w) -> do mr <- unsafeIOToSTM $ deRefWeak w case mr of Nothing -> unsafeIOToSTM (finalize w) >> releaseTPVar cache r Just dbref@(DBRef key tv) -> do applyTriggers [dbref] [Just (castErr r)] t <- unsafeIOToSTM timeInteger writeTVar tv . Exist $ Elem (castErr r) t t Nothing -> do ti <- unsafeIOToSTM timeInteger tvr <- newTVar NotRead dbref <- unsafeIOToSTM . evaluate $ DBRef keyr tvr applyTriggers [dbref] [Just r] writeTVar tvr . Exist $ Elem r ti ti w <- unsafeIOToSTM . mkWeakPtr dbref $ Just $ fixToCache dbref unsafeIOToSTM $ H.update cache keyr (CacheElem (Just dbref) w)-- accesed and modified XXX return () where keyr= keyResource r delListFromHash :: IResource a => Ht -> [a] -> STM () delListFromHash cache xs= mapM_ del xs where del :: IResource a => a -> STM () del x= do let key= keyResource x mr <- unsafeIOToSTM $ H.lookup cache key case mr of Nothing -> return () Just (CacheElem _ w) -> do mr <- unsafeIOToSTM $ deRefWeak w case mr of Just dbref@(DBRef _ tv) -> do writeTVar tv DoNotExist Nothing -> do unsafeIOToSTM (finalize w) >> del x updateListToHash hash kv= mapM (update1 hash) kv where update1 h (k,v)= update h k v -- | Start the thread that periodically call `clearSyncCache` to clean and writes on the persistent storage. -- Otherwise, 'syncCache' or `clearSyncCache` or `atomicallySync` must be invoked explicitly or no persistence will exist. -- Cache writes allways save a coherent state clearSyncCacheProc :: Int -- ^ number of seconds betwen checks. objects not written to disk are written -> (Integer -> Integer-> Integer-> Bool) -- ^ The user-defined check-for-cleanup-from-cache for each object. 'defaultCheck' is an example -> Int -- ^ The max number of objects in the cache, if more, the cleanup starts -> IO ThreadId -- ^ Identifier of the thread created clearSyncCacheProc time check sizeObjects= forkIO clear where clear =handle ( \ (e :: SomeException)-> hPutStr stderr (show e) >> clear ) $ do clearSyncCache check sizeObjects --`debug` "CLEAR" clear criticalSection mv f= bracket (takeMVar mv) (putMVar mv) $ const $ f -- | Force the atomic write of all cached objects modified since the last save into permanent storage. -- Cache writes allways save a coherent state. As allways, only the modified objects are written. syncCache :: IO () syncCache = criticalSection saving $ do (cache,lastSync) <- readIORef refcache --`debug` "syncCache" t2<- timeInteger elems <- toList cache (tosave,_,_) <- atomically $ extract elems lastSync save tosave writeIORef refcache (cache, t2) data SyncMode= Synchronous -- ^ sync state to permanent storage when `atomicallySync` is invoked | Asyncronous {frecuency :: Int -- ^ number of seconds between saves when asyncronous ,check :: (Integer-> Integer-> Integer-> Bool) -- ^ The user-defined check-for-cleanup-from-cache for each object. 'defaultCheck' is an example ,cacheSize :: Int -- ^ size of the cache when async } | SyncManual -- ^ use `syncCache` to write the state tvSyncWrite= unsafePerformIO $ newIORef (Synchronous, Nothing) -- | Specify the cache synchronization policy with permanent storage. See `SyncMode` for details -- syncWrite:: SyncMode -> IO() syncWrite mode= do (_,thread) <- readIORef tvSyncWrite when (isJust thread ) $ killThread . fromJust $ thread case mode of Synchronous -> modeWrite SyncManual -> modeWrite Asyncronous time check maxsize -> do th <- clearSyncCacheProc time check maxsize >> return() writeIORef tvSyncWrite (mode,Just th) where modeWrite= writeIORef tvSyncWrite (mode, Nothing) -- | Perform a synchronization of the cache with permanent storage once executed the STM transaction -- when 'syncWrite' policy is `Synchronous` atomicallySync :: STM a -> IO a atomicallySync proc=do r <- atomically proc sync return r where sync= do (savetype,_) <- readIORef tvSyncWrite case savetype of Synchronous -> do syncCache _ -> return () -- |Saves the unsaved elems of the cache. -- Cache writes allways save a coherent state. -- Unlike `syncChace` this call deletes some elems of the cache when the number of elems > @sizeObjects@. -- The deletion depends on the check criteria, expressed by the first parameter. -- 'defaultCheck' is the one implemented to be passed by default. Look at it to understand the clearing criteria. clearSyncCache :: (Integer -> Integer-> Integer-> Bool)-> Int -> IO () clearSyncCache check sizeObjects= criticalSection saving $ do (cache,lastSync) <- readIORef refcache t <- timeInteger elems <- toList cache (tosave, elems, size) <- atomically $ extract elems lastSync save tosave when (size > sizeObjects) $ forkIO (filtercache t cache lastSync elems) >> performGC writeIORef refcache (cache, t) where -- delete elems from the cache according with the checking criteria filtercache t cache lastSync elems= mapM_ filter elems where filter (CacheElem Nothing w)= return() --alive because the dbref is being referenced elsewere filter (CacheElem (Just (DBRef key _)) w) = do mr <- deRefWeak w case mr of Nothing -> finalize w Just (DBRef _ tv) -> atomically $ do r <- readTVar tv case r of Exist (Elem x lastAccess _ ) -> if check t lastAccess lastSync then do unsafeIOToSTM . H.update cache key $ CacheElem Nothing w writeTVar tv NotRead else return () _ -> return() -- | This is a default cache clearance check. It forces to drop from the cache all the -- elems not accesed since half the time between now and the last sync -- if it returns True, the object will be discarded from the cache -- it is invoked when the cache size exceeds the number of objects configured -- in 'clearSyncCacheProc' or 'clearSyncCache' defaultCheck :: Integer -- ^ current time in seconds -> Integer -- ^ last access time for a given object -> Integer -- ^ last cache syncronization (with the persisten storage) -> Bool -- ^ return true for all the elems not accesed since half the time between now and the last sync defaultCheck now lastAccess lastSync | lastAccess > halftime = False | otherwise = True where halftime= now- (now-lastSync) `div` 2 refConditions= unsafePerformIO $ newIORef (return(), return()) setConditions :: IO() -> IO() -> IO() -- ^ stablishes the procedures to call before and after saving with 'syncCache', 'clearSyncCache' or 'clearSyncCacheProc'. The postcondition of -- database persistence should be a commit. setConditions pre post= writeIORef refConditions (pre, post) saving= unsafePerformIO $ newMVar False save tosave = do (pre, post) <- readIORef refConditions pre -- !> (concatMap (\(Filtered x) -> keyResource x)tosave) mapM (\(Filtered x) -> writeResource x) tosave post data Filtered= forall a.(IResource a)=> Filtered a extract elems lastSave= filter1 [] [] (0:: Int) elems where filter1 sav val n []= return (sav, val, n) filter1 sav val n ((_, ch@(CacheElem mybe w)):rest)= do mr <- unsafeIOToSTM $ deRefWeak w case mr of Nothing -> unsafeIOToSTM (finalize w) >> filter1 sav val n rest Just (DBRef key tvr) -> let tofilter = case mybe of Just _ -> ch:val Nothing -> val in do r <- readTVar tvr case r of Exist (Elem r _ modTime) -> if (modTime >= lastSave) then filter1 (Filtered r:sav) tofilter (n+1) rest else filter1 sav tofilter (n+1) rest -- !> ("rejected->" ++ keyResource r) _ -> filter1 sav tofilter (n+1) rest -- | Assures that the IO computation finalizes no matter if the STM transaction -- is aborted or retried. The IO computation run in a different thread. -- The STM transaction wait until the completion of the IO procedure (or retry as usual) -- it can be retried if the embedding STM computation is retried -- so the IO computation must be idempotent. -- Exceptions are bubbled up to the STM transaction safeIOToSTM :: IO a -> STM a safeIOToSTM req= unsafeIOToSTM $ do tv <- newEmptyMVar forkIO $ (req >>= putMVar tv . Right) `Control.Exception.catch` (\(e :: SomeException) -> putMVar tv (Left e)) r <- takeMVar tv case r of Right x -> return x Left e -> throw e


text:
Find Our Latest Video Reviews on YouTube!
If you want to stay on top of all of our video reviews of the latest tech, be sure to check out and subscribe to the Gear Live YouTube channel, hosted by Andru Edwards! It's free!
Friday February 11, 2005 12:35 am
Gear Live Playlist: The Game, Arcade Fire, John Legend, Rage Against the Machine
Posted by Andru Edwards - Categories: Features, Music, Product Reviews
Following last weeks singer-songwriter fest, I promised more testosterone this week, and here is my attempt to deliver. A debut by rap music's newest golden boy and the all out rock of Death From Above 1979 and Rage Against the Machine give this Playlist some aggression and anger…Throw in a little R&B and indie rock, and you have this week's Playlist.
The Game – The Documentary
The hype was undeniable. The golden child of the Shady/Aftermath label, Dr. Dre's protégé, the West Coast member of 50 Cent's G Unit. The man has the rap bloodlines, and even the near death experience to gain him the requisite "street cred". If you think this sounds a lot like 50 Cent's story, you're right, and 50 shows up all over this album. I started thinking every song was titled "Featuring 50 Cent". Being produced by Dr. Dre, with help from Swiss Beatz, Kanye West, Eminem and Just Blaze, you knew "The Documentary" was going to have amazing music and great beats. The album definitely doesn't disappoint in that category, but The Game suffers from identity crisis. Is he light hearted and playful like 50 Cent, or a rapper with social commentary and substance like 2Pac? Sadly, that question is never answered, and so this disc disappoints. But with all that hype, how could it not fall short? The first single off the album, "Westside Story", is definitely the strongest, complete with Dre's signature piano over a westside beat. Another great track is "How We Do", but only because of Dre's production and 50's lines, The Game makes the track weaker if anything. So what I am trying to say is, you could have had a corpse rap over the beats from this production team, have 50 show up for awhile, and sell a million. "The Documentary" ends up being a disappointment, a 7/10.
The Arcade Fire – Funeral
"Funeral" is the debut from Montreal's finest art-rock five piece. Don't let the "art-rock" label fool you, The Arcade Fire isn't nearly as despondent as their peers. The emotion of "Funeral" is breathtaking. The accompanying string section and voice of lead singer Win Butler combine to create poetry out of sublime lyrics. Butler leads The Arcade Fire along with wife/accordion player/backup singer Regine Chassagne. "Funeral" is full of soaring soundscapes and galloping guitars and hooks. Like most art-rock/indie bands lately, Arcade Fire draws comparisons to many of their peers, the most appropriate in The Arcade Fire's case would have to be Modest Mouse or Polyphonic Spree. The most refreshing thing about "The Arcade Fire" is that they don't fall into or settle for one sound or style. The soul song feel of the exquisite "Crown Of Love" is juxtaposed to the all-out garage rock of "Wake Up", which is the strongest song on the disc. All in all, The Arcade Fire is refreshing and continues the recent trend of great indie art-rock, an 8/10.
John Legend – Get Lifted
Another protégé, this time the sensei is rapper/producer of the moment Kanye West. Legend is an R&B singer, and fits like a glove into the old soul samples that West loves so much in his production. The overplayed first single of the disc, "Used To Love U" is not even one of the best five songs on this disc, which bodes well for the rest of the album. Kanye shows up with a few lines on "Number One", a beautiful and hilarious track about convincing a woman she is his number one chick. Legend's voice is amazing, and really gets a workout on the slow tracks, like the piano accompanied "So High", and the funky "Live It Up", about celebrating the benefits of success. The production by Kanye West is amazing, and Legend's voice is extremely smooth and fitting. With Valentine's Day around the corner, "Get Lifted" deserves a spot in the CD player.
Death From Above 1979 – You're A Woman, I'm A Machine
Death from Above 1979 isn't trying to fool anyone, they're not trying to be art-rock, or prog-rock, they are just balls to the wall rock n' roll. The only thing weird about the band is that the only sounds on the disc are bass and drums, a weird concept, but not really noticeable. The one word that comes to mind listening to "You're A Woman, I'm A Machine" is accessible. This disc has no pretensions, and makes you want to dance your ass off, getting really sweaty, drunk and falling down in the process. No obscured or obscure lyrics, just straight forward and hard rocking. Think Queens Of The Stone Age, just bad ass guitar riffs and pounding drums. "Go Home, Get Down" is particularly a good track, but pretty much any song on this disc is solid, and won't disappoint.
Rage Against The Machine – Rage Against The Machine
Pure unadulterated anger. Pent up testosterone. Pissed off sons of bitches bent on tearing down the system. Rage Against The Machine was many things, including the best fusion of rock and rap that has ever been recorded. Combining the anger of rap groups like Public Enemy with the pissed off mentality of countless punk bands, Rage created their own musical genre. Throwing in a healthy dose of social commentary, Rage educated countless young people about injustices like Leonard Peltier (the inspiration behind "Freedom"), Mumia Abu Jamal and the struggles of social groups like Mexico's Zapatistas. But what Rage will be remembered for is putting a soundtrack to the anger of so many young people fresh from the LA riots, a group of young people sick of the system. Inflammatory lyrics like "some of those that work forces, are the same that burn crosses" only served to cement Rage's reputation as a band that was going to force you to listen to things that they wanted to talk about, and on their terms. The rapid delivery of front man Zack De La Rocha was melodic, but full of anger, like the man was spitting venom. The guitar playing of Tom Morello, one of this generation's most creative guitar players, just drove home the words of De La Rocha, creating an unbeatable combo. Morello made it sound like the band had a DJ, creating scratching noises with his guitar, as well as playing incredible riffs and solos. Tracks like "Freedom" and "Bombtrack" will always be classics. Rebel cries that are this generation's "Times They Are A-Changing". Dylan on Red Bull and Steroids.
- Greg Norton
- Related Tags:
Latest Gear Live Videos
- Subscribe:
- YouTube
- iTunes High Definition
- iTunes Standard Version
© Gear Live Inc. {year} – User-posted content, unless source is quoted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Public Domain License. Gear Live graphics, logos, designs, page headers, button icons, videos, articles, blogs, forums, scripts and other service names are the trademarks of Gear Live Inc.


text:
Aliens: Colonial Marines proves that, yes, those aliens still want to eat us (news)
For a lot of fans of the Alien franchise, the film "Prometheus," a prequel to the series' mythology released in 2012, left a lot to be desired.
But the folks at Sega and developer GearBox Software are hoping that their new game, Aliens: Colonial Marines, will help at least a little bit of the void left by "Prometheus."
The game is set to drop Feb. 12, 2013 and is being touted as a true sequel James Cameron's "Aliens," but in the timeline of the series, it takes place after the events of "Aliens 3." You play as a Colonial Marine sent to find Ellen Ripley and the rest of the marines that went to investigate LV-426 in Aliens. Where's the crew? What happened to their ship, the U.S.S. Sulaco?
If the new trailer for the game is any indicator, you'll find out soon enough. Check it out below.


text:
You are quite correct, War Arrow, in suggesting that the Haggis perfectly illustrates the Darwinian model, although a form of accelerated evolution appears to have been prompted 2,000 years ago when Hadrian built his wall and created a sealed ecosystem in Scotland.
The Lowland Haggis with legs of equal length (Hagii par tractus) is thought to have died out in the latter half of the eighteenth century when the slow-moving and trusting animals were used for target practice by English garrisons stationed in the country after the Battle of Culloden in 1746.
It is sad to recount that -- as with the slaughter of the dodo by Portugese sailors -- the extinction of the Lowland haggis can not be justified by hunger as the English soldiery found the flesh 'beyond the sufferance of civilised palate'.
The Highland haggis, however, with its elegantly developed legs of unequal length (Haggii iniquus tractus) proved more elusive and breeding pairs are known -- from droppings, abandoned nests, etc -- to be extant in the wild.
The haggis you will be familiar with, of course, is farmed; mostly in China.
Although the Beano is the manuscript most referred to by modern comicologists, it does in fact post date the Dandy by some eight months. The earliest texts we have are (translated from the Lalland Scots [Dundee dialect]): Dandy, Dec 1937; Beano Aug 1938. The Book of Dan the Desperate can be accurately dated to December 1940.
Pizza and chips, although considered modern, is actually an ancient dish developed in an (unsuccessful) attempt to gain the trust of lowland Picts by Roman expeditionary forces of the First Neapolitan Legion (circa 120 BCE).
Hope this information is of some help in your studies, WA.
Slainte. Neil


text:
Survey Worker, Chain, Rod, or Ax is very similar to another occupation for which we have
a full profile.
Check out our full profile for:
Surveying Technicians
Adjust and operate surveying instruments, such as the theodolite and electronic distance-measuring equipment, and compile notes, make sketches and enter data into computers.
Assistant Surveyor
C Level Crew Chief
CAD Technician (Computer Assisted Design Technician)
Chain Carrier
Chain Person
Compass Operator
Engineering Assistant
Engineering Physical Science Technician
Engineering Technician
Field Crew Chief
Field Supervisor
Geophysical Party Chief
Group Leader, River and Harbor Soundings
Helper, Surveyor
Helper, Surveyor Chain
Helper, Surveyor Rod
Instrument Man (I-Man)
Instrument Operator
Instrument Person
Land Survey Technician
Land Surveyor
Party Chief
Rodman, Surveying Crew
Stake Driver
Stake Runner, Surveying Crew
Stake Setter
Survey Crew Chief
Survey Crew Member
Survey Crew, Land Surveying
Survey Manager
Survey Party Chief
Survey Rodman
Survey Technician
Survey Worker, Chain, Rod, or Ax
Survey Worker, Land Surveying
Surveyor Assistant, Instruments
Surveyor, Marine
Technician, Surveying
Transit Man
Transit Man, Surveying
Transit Worker
Transit Worker, Surveying


text:
Land Rover Approved Promise provides you with full peace of mind.
Land Rover would like to use cookies to store information on your computer to improve our website and to enable us to advertise to you those products and services which we believe may be of interest to you. One of the cookies we use is essential for parts of the site to work and has already been set. You may delete and block all cookies from this site but some elements may not work correctly. To find out more about online behavioural advertising or about the cookies we use and how to delete them, please refer to our privacy policy. By closing, you're agreeing to cookies being used in line with our Cookie Policy.
Currency conversion and sale price from that of the selling retailers local currency is for information purposes only, and is not contractual. It should be used as a guide only and is based on a daily exchange rate provided by Google
We want you to have the same peace of mind with an Approved Land Rover as you would with a new one. In fact we'll do everything possible to make a Land Rover Approved vehicle as good as a new one.
You can browse our nationwide database in confidence; every vehicle has been through a comprehensive 165 Multi-Point Inspection by Land Rover Trained Technicians and is covered by a Two Year Land Rover Approved warranty.
Our highly-qualified technicians subject all Approved Land Rovers to a comprehensive series of tests and inspections, allowing you to buy with peace of mind. This is just one of the benefits.> FIND OUT MORE
The year is 1947. A man sketches the silhouette of a car in the sand of a Welsh beach. That car is the Land Rover. Tough, intrepid, it goes on to change history, mastering all manner of terrain and capturing hearts around the world.> FIND OUT MORE
Land Rover has a network of specialists who will be able to discuss valuations, finance and the benefits of buying an Approved Land Rover.> FIND OUT MORE


text:
Follow RFF News on your cell phone. Text follow rff to 40404 you will receive txt messages with RFF News
0 Members and 1 Guest are viewing this topic.
it's really too bad there are not live feeds to the jury house. I would have really liked to see the whole Matt/Ragan conversation about the wife. And the whole interaction with Ragan and Rachel. Not the BB edited version.
Lane did well!
Page created in 0.075 seconds with 34 queries.


text:
As a child I spent many of an hour dumpster diving, trash picking and rummaging where I shouldn't have been rummaging. In my neighborhood, Wednesday was the night-- trash night. I'd sneak off after dinner in search of treasure, check out all the neighbors' garbage cans, boxes of junk curbside, apartment building dumpsters, and I'd be back home an hour or so later, laden with exotic booty from the world over. My mom would usually yell at me to get my latest cache out of the house, "That crap might have bugs in it, for Christ sakes!" But it wasn't all infested! In fact, I still have some of that 'crap,' and some of that dumpster swag still decorates my parents' house.
Over the years I've lugged home great pieces of furniture, collectible books, pottery, artwork, glass wear, jewelry, you name it … and once I found something that altered and twisted my thinking forever. I found it right there on Franklin Avenue right down the way from the Shakespeare Bridge in the Los Feliz district in Los Angeles. Stuck to the bottom of an empty trash can was an LP from 1963 on Vanguard Records, Fantasias for Guitar and Banjo by Sandy Bull. Back then I was just an innocently corrupt thirteen year old Catholic school boy, but already on the long path I'm still unraveling today-- that of a musician. I had just started taking guitar lessons, and as could be expected, I was struggling with all the important fundamentals: getting the hang of bar chords, finger picking, playing those newbie-guitar standards like "House of The Rising Sun" and "Knocking on Heaven's Door," and trying to convince my parents to let me grow my hair long. Anyway, I got home, I threw this Sandy Bull record on the turntable, turned it up and it blew my freakin' pubescent mind.


text:
Simply put, a yogi* is someone who practices yoga. So, if you've done a few downward facing dogs in your lifetime, does that make you a yogi? Um, probably not. While this standard definition of a yogi is commonly stated, it is too simple to properly define what a yogi is and isn't. Most importantly, we need to further define what we mean by he words "practice" and "yoga."
Practice means that a yogi repeatedly performs yoga to acquire or maintain a level of proficiency. From my experience, I've found that it's necessary to practice yoga for a minimum of three times per week for about an hour. Doing less than that will still certainly be very beneficial but probably not enough to make as much progress and improvement. Practice also infers a long term commitment to the path of yoga. Usually, but not always, you are a yogi for life.
The yoga that is practiced in the West is usually only asana (physical postures) and a bit of pranayama (breathing techniques). However, this is just a sliver of what is practiced and considered yoga in India. Traditionally, a yogi would be approaching yoga in a broader context than just asana and pranayama, incorporating meditation, mudra, mantra, tapas, yogic philosophy, bhakti (devotional) yoga, karma yoga (selfless service), and ethical guidelines (yamas and niyamas).
The frequency, intention and depth that you practice yoga depends on where you land in the four ashramas system of practice. The ancient yogis understood that not everyone can be hermits or renunciates practicing yoga 24/7 and that there are benefits to practicing yoga at different levels and stages of life. The ashramas system has four levels of practitioners: brahmacharya (young student), grihasta (householder), vanaprasthya (hermit), and samnyasa (renunciate/monk). Most of us fall into the grihasta level – living a regular life in a house or apartment, with a steady job, relationships, family, etc.
Additionally, the Yoga-Bhashya, the oldest known commentary on the Yoga Sutras, gives a similar but different four classifications of yogis: prathama-kalpika (beginner), madhu-bhumika (in the "honeyed level"), prajna-jyotis (illuminated/advanced practitioner) and, atikranta-bhavaniya (transcended). Most practitioners in the West fall into the beginner or intermediate "honeyed" level.
If you combine these two systems of yogi classification then you can create an interesting matrix to plot your current level and plan where you'd like to move towards in your practice. Once you find where you are at on the matrix then it is easy to see in what two directions to move towards advancement and deepening your practice. While it is important to embrace and accept your current level of practice, it is also helpful to set a long term intention to move towards the next stage.
If you are near the boundaries between levels and stages then you may find yourself creating a hybrid path of combining a bit of the deeper practices with an introspective lifestyle for a intermediate/advanced householder/hermit practice. In these modern times, we are also fortunate to be able to experience the hermit stage and advanced levels by taking yoga holidays or yoga retreats without a long term commitment.
Are you a yogi? Where do you land in the yogi matrix? What yoga techniques are you planning to practice to move to the next level?
*The term yogi can be used as both feminine and masculine, and yogi is also synonymous with yogin. A yogini is a female practitioner of yoga.


text: Soft Body Professional Artist Acrylic Color, previously referred to as Medium Viscosity Acrylic Color, is the original Liquitex acrylic formulation first made in 1956. Extremely versatile, Soft Body Acrylics have a creamy smooth consistency that makes t hem ideal for both large area coverage and fine line detail.These permanent acrylics are highly pigmented and have intense, pure color that won-t shift from wet to dry. They dry to a smooth, even surface with good leveling and show little or no brush st rokes.Soft Body Acrylics are perfect for most fine art and decorative art techniques. They dry quickly, won-t yellow with age, and can be applied to just about any non-oily surface, including canvas, paper, fabric, board, film, glass, ceramic, masonry, and wood.Liquitex Soft Body Professional Artist Acrylic Colors come in a wide variety of jar sizes, from 2 oz. up to 1 gal.


text:
TOEFL Testing Centers In South Sudan
Below are the TOEFL Testing Centers in South Sudan. Please note, that not all of the testing centers will actually be having exams on the dates that are listed. The dates and locations are determined by ETS (the creators of The TOEFL Exam.) The information listed below is here for your convenience as ETS does not make this information very easy for test-takers to obtain. I make it available here for your convenience.
Be Advised…
GiveMeSomeEnglish!!! is in no way affiliated with ETS
Or Any Of The TOEFL Testing Centers Throughout The World…
Therefore… I have no control over the testing dates, locations, or anything to do with the registration process. Nor do I have any control over the specific information available on each date and/or location as provided by ETS. I am simply the one who is providing this information for you in a way that is convenient for you to access.
Also… please be aware that compiling this information and keeping it updated is an amazingly time-consuming task, of-which I do for free because I think that it's really lame that ETS makes it so difficult for potential test-takers to actually get this information. And it seems that many of the TOEFL Testing Centers throughout the world have not yet learned how to, create websites which are able to be found by the potential test-takers.
Because of this, it would be greatly appreciated if you would make a small donation. Even something as little as $1… (The Donation Button is on the bottom of the page)… or you could simply share this website on your favorite social media site. Thank You. 😉
Have An Excellent Day!
(No Testing Centers Available For This Location At This Time – Check Back Soon!)
(no further contact information available at this time)
( TOEFL Testing Centers In South Sudan )
If You Would Like Help Preparing For The TOEFL Exam…


text:
Depending on where you are in the U.S. you're either having a toad-soaker or you haven't seen a drop. Mike Hoffman says that most of the central U.S. will dry out for a few days, while drought stricken areas will see some rain.
Here's what farmers across the country are saying this week on Crop Comments:
6/9 - Lafayette County, Wis.: It may be hard to believe but there are pockets in southwest Wisconsin, Northwest Illinois and Eastern Iowa that are still dry. Our water and creek levels are as low as they got in the drought of 2012. Tiles dry. Since April 10, we have had only 2.5 inches of rain. Got .4 and .33 last 2 weeks. Eastern part of the county had 1 to 3 inches of rain. Crops overall look good here, but no subsoil moisture for summer heat. Amazing how so many are too wet, yet there are still dry pockets from the last 2 seasons. Mothers day had a hard shower, crusted a lot of corn and beans, with one neighbor replanting soybeans today, due to a poor stand. Ground squirrels took out 8 pickup truck size pockets of corn, by going along corn rows and digging out seeds on growing corn. With all the no till, and perhaps less insecticide use, moles too are now a problem. Corn reprayed a second time, little weed pressure. Be safe.
6/10 - Berrien County, Mich.: .75 inch of rain this past weekend stop all field work again are ground is soaked I think a heavy dew will stop field work crops are not growing as good as they should be but are not bad. I think are soil is very wet and cold in the root zone still in the 50s at night. we will have good crops probably no bin busters.
6/13 - McLeod County, Minn.: Rain again. Just got 80 acres of beans in and it rains overnight- .60 and more in some places. That will hault any further planting for another week or more. Many acres took pp on corn and looking like the trend on beans too. Reading today's column by the market analysts. Huge corn crop expected. Funny how that works when you take o bushels/ acre out of production and possible turn them into bean acres, if they get planted. Any corn that got in is in desperate need of dry, hot weather and needs nitrogen. Good luck with that the way this year is going. 66 today and 20 mph winds- not even good haying weather...
6/13 - Somerset County, Pa.: Lots of rain here beans are to be desired and most of the corn looks great what was planted around May 20 th (between the showers) . Corn planted later has lots of stand issues no germination no corn. A lot of acres abandoned this year don't see 158 bu average yeild !!!!
What's your Goldie Locks weather like? Are you too dry, too wet or just right?
Read more Crop Comments and submit your own comments, pictures and videos.
Cattle Trails Wheat and Stocker Cattle Conference set July 29
Feeder Market A Runaway, Futures Chase Cash


text:
Something recently occurred to me, a guilt-lifting epiphany on gift giving, gift getting and the ever-questionable regifting.
I was shopping in Bed Bath & Beyond the other day and pondering what to buy for Christmas for my in-laws who don't need a darned thing, and certainly not a $59.99 Everlast Reflex punching bag on a stick, which surely must fall in the "Beyond" category. After all, they're actually trying to purge stuff — like dozens of jigsaw puzzles with pieces missing and my sis-in-law's collection of every iteration of Mr. Potato Head. Yes, even Darth Tater.
Anyway, I can't not get them something. I want to express my love, but not through an impersonal gift card or frivolous item that will find its way to the Dark Side of their giveaway pile and cause them angst at the possibility of hurting my feelings and, well, that's what reminded me of the peacock.
The infamous peacock in Hill family lore arrived one holiday from Mr. Brown, a really nice man who worked with my dad in his electrical transformer company, a dear family friend with an ever-present smile and the home decor sensibilities of a man who worked at an electrical transformer company.
The pheasant was a ceramic sculpture, and it was not small, possibly the actual size of a teenage peacock. It did not bear the glorious blues and greens of such fowl found in nature, but had that mercurial, iridescent glaze that changes in the light, so it was sort of bluish, then purplish, then almost blackish — rather like a bruise.
You shouldn't have
"Oh! Well! That certainly is a peacock, isn't it?!" my mom said, articulately. We thanked Mr. Brown, placed the objectionable d'art in a spot of honor on our midcentury modern hi-fi (big, wooden iPod), and he left. We looked at the peacock. We hated the peacock. Yet we kept the peacock for many years. Oh, not out in the open. Don't be silly. It was stuffed in the back of the linen closet until Mr. Brown came over. Then it would make a cameo appearance on the hi-fi. It finally succumbed to injuries received in an "accidental" confrontation with the kitchen floor. Even before its demise, we never considered regifting it. That wasn't even a word back then, and you just didn't do that.
All this came back to me as I examined a $12.99 time/space projection alarm clock and thinking it would make the perfect regift, and it suddenly occurred that maybe he, Mr. Brown, had regifted the peacock himself! Maybe someone, say, a distant cousin, had bestowed the horror upon him and he was just trying to get rid of it. Here I'd spent all this time thinking this poor dear man had really bad taste when perhaps he had more sense than we did to foist the foul fowl on somebody else!
Maybe not. But my guilt for hating that thing was instantly assuaged.
Better to give?
So here we are, almost in 2013, when regift finally is a word — I think — and it's become OK to do it. A recent study in the journal Psychological Science found that the original gift-giver is less likely to be offended by someone regifting a gift than the regifter might imagine. Also, an American Express consumer poll found 76 percent of shoppers believe the practice is fine, especially during the holidays.
That's great, but in the immortal words of the Wicked Witch of the West conjuring a plan to off Dorothy: "These things must be done DELLL-icately." And for delicate things, one seeks out not a wicked witch but an etiquette expert for help. I contacted Oakland's Sarah Kidder, who recently initiated Return to Sender Day, an amnesty day on which to get back or return borrowed stuff and save friendships in the process. As regifting seemed related, she was kind enough to offer some advice. Things like:
1. "When you receive a gift, it really is yours to do with as you please, so there is no need for guilt about regifting. You should, however, keep it to yourself that you are regifting so as not to hurt the donor's feelings.
2. "Whether you keep and enjoy or regift it, always begin by saying thank you — and I prefer the traditional hand written thank-you note when possible — and mean it. You don't have to pretend that you like the gift as much as offer appreciation for the gesture of the gift itself. That's how you get around lying about liking things that you don't care for."
3. And above all, "don't regift the item back to the person who gave it to you." D'oh!
Well, cool. I feel better now. I just hope my mother-in-law likes her time/space projection alarm clock. Maybe I'll get it back next year!
Contact Angela Hill at email@example.com, or follow her at Twitter.com/giveemhill.


text:
Sample Waves Mauve
Sample Waves Mauve
Our carpets set a distinct tone for any residential or commercial space.
Each sample is MADE TO ORDER, and we highly recommend ordering a sample before proceeding with the larger area rug.
12" x 12"
60 knot
Tibetan Wool & Bamboo silk
Sample Delivery: 3-5 weeks
All sale are final. No returns, refunds or exchanges.
Custom colors and sizing available at an additional charge. Please CONTACT US.


text:
Email has been sent to you , please check your spam/junk emails if you are unable to find the email.
Due to some internal error, the mail has not been sent.
Developed for distribution environments with multiple doors openings, rely on the unmatched performance of the SUPRA range in your challenging operation.
Getting power from the Euro 5- compliant truck engine, Supra City 1000 Z MT significantly reduces emissions of nitrogen oxide (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons and particulate matter. Eliminating the primary source of noise and adding insulation equipment from Supra "Silent" version enables to reduce noise emissions.
Refrigeration Capacity
(System net cooling capacity under A.T.P. Conditions at 30° C ambient)
Heating Capacity
(High speed engine operation)
(Including battery)
Electrical Stand by Motor
Refrigerant Charge
Sound pressure


text:
HOUSTON – BP is selling off stakes in four Alaskan oil fields near the gigantic Prudhoe Bay, a move that would cut about 15 percent of its crude production in the state, the company said late Tuesday.
The British oil company did not disclose the price it would get from Hilcorp, a private Houston-based oil producer that has been jockeying for Alaska's natural gas basins.
In the deal, which is expected to close by the end of the year, Hilcorp would receive all of BP's interest in the offshore Endicott and Northstar fields and half of its stakes in the Milne Point and Liberty oil fields.
BP's stakes in those four fields, where the company began pumping oil between 1994 and 2001, have a daily production of 19,700 barrels of oil equivalent. They sit three to 25 miles north of the Prudhoe Bay oil field that BP discovered four decades ago, shortly before Saudi Arabia and other oil-rich states began to siphon off its Middle Eastern crude reserves to state-owned oil companies.
Now one of the largest oil producers in Alaska, BP is letting go of its fields in the North Slope even as it plans to pump $1 billion into Prudhoe Bay, the second-largest oil field in North America, over the next five years. It expects to add two rigs in the field by 2016 — bringing its rig count there to nine, the highest point it has been in seven years.
Janet Weiss, president of BP's Alaska region, pointed to last year's state-level tax law changes as a main driver of an influx of capital into Alaskan oil fields. Last May, Alaska killed a law that had fixed oil company taxes to the price of oil and set a flat 35 percent tax rate in its place, effectively handing operators a $750 million tax cut in the state.
"Thanks to tax reform, Alaska is now on course for increased investment and production and even the possibility of LNG," Weiss said in a written statement.
State officials say Alaska will see a steep decline in production over the next decade, as its daily output falls by 219,000 barrels of oil per day from last year. Those projections do not figure in new projects that BP and others like ConocoPhillips and Repsol are planning in the state, Kara Moriarty, president and CEO of the Alaska Oil and Gas Association, said in a recent interview with Fuelfix.
Big Oil companies are putting financial muscle behind a fight to thwart a state ballot measure – up for a vote later this year – that would reinstate the old tax laws.
"It's a very important to keep the new tax structure in place for legacy companies" and to attract new investors, Moriarty said.
Overall, BP produces 140,000 barrels per day in Alaska. Most of the 250 workers that BP employs at the four fields will receive offers from Hilcorp, the company said. BP also said it expects Hilcorp to boost production in the two fields where it is keeping 50-percent stakes, Milne Point and the offshore Liberty field.
The deal would make BP's business in Alaska "more competitive and sustainable," allowing it to better manage its stake in Prudhoe Bay and its plans to export liquefied natural gas from Alaska, BP's Upstream CEO Lamar McKay said in a written statement.
"It will allow us to play to two of our great strengths, managing giant fields and gas value chains," McKay said.
On Monday, Alaskan lawmakers voted for the state to bolster a $45 billion LNG export project on the North Slope, where Exxon Mobil, BP, ConocoPhillips and others are planning to plunk down big money.
Technology advancements in recent years have allowed BP to blow past its original projections of how much oil the Prudhoe held, around 9 billion barrels. The British oil giant scooped its 12-billionth barrel out of the field in October 2012, Weiss said in a recent interview with Fuelfix.
BP shares rose 5 cents in afterhours trading Tuesday to $49.04 on the New York Stock Exchange.


text:
Cook the Book: 'The Sweet Potato Lover's Cookbook'
According to Lyniece North Talmadge, author of The Sweet Potato Lover's Cookbook, we aren't eating nearly enough sweet potatoes. In recent years the sweet potato's popularity has risen with the health-conscious set—all those vitamins, minerals, and fiber. But for most of us, the delicately starchy tuber is generally reserved for holiday pies and sides.
In an effort to get the sweet potato a bit more culinary recognition, Talmadge has put together a cookbook entirely devoted to the the member of the Convolvulaceae family. Beginning with a selection of sweet potato appetizers and hors d'œuvres, The Sweet Potato Lover's Cookbook introduces the sweet potato into every course imaginable, from sweet and savory breads to soups and mains, even candy and cocktails.
Since Thanksgiving is prime sweet potato-eating time, we thought we'd take this week before the holiday to share some of our favorite recipes from The Sweet Potato Lover's Cookbook with you. We'll start with Sweet Potato Cloverleaf Rolls, serve up a decadent side of Sweet Potatoes Au Gratin, and finish up with Sweet Potato Praline and a Sweet Potato Roll Cake filled with pineapple cream cheese icing.
Win 'The Sweet Potato Lover's Cookbook'
Thanks to the generous folks over at Cumberland House, we are giving away five (5) copies of The Sweet Potato Lover's Cookbook this week. All you have to do is tell us about your favorite sweet potato recipe in the comments section below.
The standard Serious Eats contest rules apply.
This post may contain links to Amazon or other partners; your purchases via these links can benefit Serious Eats. Read more about our affiliate linking policy.


text:
Palin on Trump: 'More power to him!'
Sarah Palin hailed Donald Trump's claim that he has investigators in Hawaii looking into President Barack Obama's birth, but stopped short of bolstering the notion that he wasn't born in the U.S.
"More power to him!" Palin told former New York district attorney Jeanine Pirro on her Fox News show on Saturday, referring to The Donald's claim that he hired probers to look into the issue.
Story Continued Below
"I appreciate that Donald wants to spend his resources in getting to the bottom of something that so interests him and many Americans," she said.
"He's not just throwing stones from the sidelines, he's digging in (to it), he's paying for researchers," she added.
But when Pirro asked Palin's view of the issue, the former Alaskan governor walked a careful line on the issue.
"Well, you know, I think that he was born in Hawaii because there was a birth announcement put in the newspaper," she said. "But obviously there's something there that the president doesn't want people to see on that birth certificate. ... He's going to great lengths to make sure it isn't shown. And that's kind of perplexing for a lot of people."
News outlets and independent groups have examined the "birther" issue and dismissed it as unfounded.


text:
Bluffton High's young wrestlers will carry the momentum of a successful season — and state tournament experience for some — into Class 4A next year.
"We have a very good core coming back," said Bobcats Head Wrestling Coach John Hollman.
"At any level, high school or college, one of the great things about freshmen and sophomores is that they become sophomores and juniors," Hollman said.
"We'll have all four of our state qualifiers returning," he said. "And we have a strong contingent of eighth-graders coming up."
Meanwhile, the Bobcats have club tournaments, clinics and summer camps to prepare for next year.
"They can eat whatever they want for a while," Hollman said.
Bluffton's state Class 3A qualifiers included Lloyd Williams, Levi Joly, Austin Farmer and Michael Meyerink.
Joly finished third last weekend in the Class 3A state individual tournament in Anderson.
The sophomore won the Lower State championship in the 113-pound class to earn a top seed in the statewide tournament. He won in the first round over senior Tim Rogers of West Oak but fell to the eventual champion, senior Cortez Starks of Greenville.
Joly landed in the consolation bracket. There he defeated junior Jonathan Isemann of Myrtle Beach and junior Jordan Ludd of Blue Ridge to end his season on a positive note.
"Only two guys end the season with a win, that's first and third," Hollman said.
Farmer placed fourth in the 132-pound weight class after losing in the first round to Eastside senior Jacob Simmons, who eventually placed second.
Farmer, a junior, won twice in the consolation bracket over sophomore Eddie Brookshire of Cane Bay and senior Danny Kimball of Greer.
Williams and Meyerink, both sophomores, did not place after losing in the first round.
"At the beginning of the year the goal is to get there. Being a state qualifier is a tremendous feat," Hollman said.
"Only eight guys, the top four in the Upper State and the top four in the Lower State, make it — so there's some consolation in that," he said. "But, as you achieve success, you expect to do better."
For Williams, the tournament was his first trip as a state qualifier.
Farmer achieved his 100th and 101st wins as a Bobcat in the state tournament. His career record stands at 101-28 with a year of wrestling left. He is ninth on Bluffton's all-time win list.
Hollman noted that Bluffton's 2011-12 season was dedicated to alumnus Ricky Gonzalez, a 2008 graduate.
Gonzalez, a wrestling team captain at the University of Wisconsin at Eau Claire, drowned in September before the beginning of his senior season.
"He was such a big part of our program," Hollman said.


text:
Blackboard Learn is a web application that allows the creation, administration, tracking, and delivery of digital content via course sites. This type of application is also referred to as a Learning Management System or LMS. At UIC, Blackboard Learn course sites are used in three main ways:
With Blackboard Learn, instructors can:
Learn more about Blackboard by watching Why Blackboard (video, 2:19).
Course site creation
The Learning Technology Solutions (LTS) group creates course sites for most CRN-related courses, as reflected in the course catalog 60 days prior to the start of every semester. Sites are made unavailable to students by default and instructors determine when to make their courses available. Course site shells are created without course menu items so that instructors can easily copy a course into the clean shell or add to it to suit their teaching preferences and needs.
Instructors can request content to be copied from a previous course site, or they can copy the content by themselves from any course site that is listed under their teaching assignments. If an instructor does not have a course to copy, they can build a custom site by adding their own course menu items. View the video (2.59) "Working with the Clean Blackboard Course Shell" for further instructions. In addition instructors can request an exemplary course shell template to be imported into their course site. This is a a pre-designed course site supplied by LTS based on best practices for online, blended and enhanced courses.
In special situations, instructors may need to request the merge of course sections. Additionally, any staff from UIC can request a Non-CRN related site.
Faculty assignments and student enrollments
Student enrollments and faculty assignments are handled automatically by the system. We encourage instructors to wait 48 hours for new student enrollments to be reflected in their course sites. Adding students manually in courses should be handled with caution as, after the drop period, all student enrollments added manually may only be removed manually from courses that they have dropped.
Whether you're just beginning your first course with Blackboard Learn or have used it before and need a refresher, check out the Student Resources section located in the portal's top menu after you have logged in. In the student organization, you will find valuable tips for working in your Blackboard course, checking your computer, frequently asked questions, and tutorials.
Note that even though any UIC instructor may use Blackboard Learn, not all instructors develop a course site to make available to students. Contact your instructor if you expect to see a course site for a course that is not listed in your My Courses or My Courses Plus in Blackboard Learn.
Visit the Faculty/Staff Resources section located in the top menu after you have logged in for useful information about how to use Blackboard Learn. You will find semester checklists, tools tutorials, upcoming workshops, and important information about procedures regarding course copies, course availability, and managing your files.
To access Blackboard Learn, students, faculty and staff must use their UIC NetID (do not append @uic.edu after the NetID) and common password. Simply log in to uic.blackboard.com and access your course sites.
Blackboard Weekly Scheduled Maintenance Window
There is never a good time to have a major service like Blackboard taken down for necessary maintenance. However, regular maintenance procedures require that the system be taken offline. For this reason, Blackboard Learn has a scheduled weekly maintenance window on Friday mornings from 1:00 am (CST) to 5:00 am (CST). It is highly recommended that any online tests, quizzes, assignments, etc., take into consideration the weekly maintenance window.
There is no charge for this service.
|312-413-0003 Option 1
|In person
|Learning Technology Solutions Support Office
|Service Request Fulfillment Time
Under 2 business days, unless in-person training/discussion is required, or escalation to the vendor is required.
|Incident Resolution Time
Under 2 business days unless escalation to the vendor is required.
|Service Availability
|Maintenance Window(s)
|Weekly maintenance window: Friday, 1:00am - 5:00am
Approved ACCC maintenance window(s): accc.uic.edu/service-status
|Service Notification Channel(s)
|ACCC News and Alerts: accc.uic.edu/news/all
Direct emails to campus users.
LMS Login Page: uic.blackboard.com
|Reviewed to Ensure SLA Meets Business Requirements
Provisional SLA - Currently under IT Governance review.
|Date Reviewed
Provisional SLA - Currently under IT Governance review.


text:
When buying or selling a home, it's likely that you will want or need to make some tweaks, updates or even complete remodels. We understand how hard it may be to find a company or contractor to work with, so we've taken the pain out of it for you! Our Concierge Service provides referral contacts at your request and at no charge to you. Our goal is to help make buying, selling or maintaining your home as easy as possible. Just choose the category of the service you need and our current vendor list will display.
Disclaimer: Restaino & Associates Concierge Services does not warrant or guarantee the work or performance of the concierge service providers in its network, and assumes no responsibility for any matters arising between homeowners and service providers. Vendors selected to participate in the Restaino Concierge Program pay a marketing fee and are independent companies not affiliated with Restaino & Associates.