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IRONMAN Legend is Spot On for Hawaii
A legendary Aussie is finally racing on the Big Island courtesy of the IRONMAN Lottery.
By Ian Hepenstall
Spot Anderson is larger than life – with a resume few can match. He won a team gold medal in the first ITU Triathlon World Championship in France in 1989, where he finished ninth. He first came into prominence in surfing, competing in the World Championship Tour as a grommet and Surf Lifesaving, competing in both the Uncle Tobys and Kellogg's Nutri-Grain professional Surf Ironman Series. He won numerous Australian titles in surf sports including the iconic Coolangatta Gold race in the Masters division.
Anderson turned to triathlon in 1986 and was one of the stars of the Australian team in 1989, when he won the national long course title in addition to his exploits over the standard distance. He is a multi-IRONMAN finisher and, accordingly, has qualified several times for Hawaii, but turned down the opportunities, although he has been to Kona to watch the race.
"I had no intention of doing the race until I was older. I guess, here we are," says Anderson.
He remains closely involved in the sport after three decades, running the successful Bondi Fit Club in Sydney, providing professional coaching in swimming, surf, running and triathlon. His coaching style is strictly old-school.
"My approach to coaching is not compatible with princesses (male and female), so ask for another coach if you fit into this category," Anderson writes on his business website. For now it is training by example for the Sydneysider, although he is concerned at the training load.
"Staying injury free in the build-up is going to be a challenge because I haven't trained properly for a few years and my brain is stronger than my body. I coach a triathlon group so I am looking forward to flogging a few of my athletes in training as I get into shape."
He had just started a running session at 5.30 a.m. when texts and Facebook posts flooded in congratulating him on being selected for the Lottery.
"My immediate thought was that I really should have been out running with my group. People were Facebooking me that I didn't know so I figured a lot of people must have entered the lottery. I feel very lucky."
Anderson also knows what he expects from his time in Hawaii, and what will make his day special.
"For me, I love the sea life in the swim, the brutality of the lava fields and the magic of the island."
He even wants to finish at sunset to make his day perfect.
"It worked out that was the best time for finish photos. I may even wait on Ali'i Drive if I arrive early," he joked.


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You"ve heard the adage "Only eat oysters in months that end in R," but what other, more modern advice do oyster eaters need to know? We consulted clammers, cooks, and culinary experts, and here"s their tips for enjoying oysters this season.
Delve deep into a mystical world of boozy delight with five of our favorite bartenders. Learn how to make a few classics, and maybe discover a new favorite along the way.
More than 6 million people use MailChimp to design and send email marketing campaigns. Join them today.

subset: commoncrawl


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In common parlance, a theory is a hunch or guess about something (e.g., "I have a theory that my teacher is an alien"). In science, however, a theory is an explanation of a set of observations that has been tested and found to be well-supported by evidence (e.g., "the theory of relativity"). The common usage of the word theory is closer in meaning to hypothesis in science: a plausible (or possible) explanation.
The distinction between a theory and a hypothesis (or even a guess) is an important one, and ignoring it leads to the kind of equivocation in apologetics exemplified by the claim that "evolution is only a theory".
As defined by Kevin Padian in his testimony in the Kitzmiller v. Dover Area School District trial:
"A theory, in science, [is] a very large body of information that's withstood a lot of testing. It probably consists of a number of different hypotheses, many different lines of evidence. And it's something that is very difficult to slay with an ugly fact, as Huxley once put it, because it's just a complex body of work that's been worked on through time."


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The Canarsie native was once a "dedicated desk jockey" who spent his days in a Manhattan high-rise writing comic books. Waxman said his passion - later turned obsession - followed a doctor-prescribed remedy for his consequential health complications.
"I got fat and sick and I ended up getting hospitalized. The doctor told me to start running, and the part of Brooklyn I grew up in, you don't run unless someone's chasing you," Waxman said. "Now I know way too much about an inland waterway."
Waxman chose to carry his camera and walk the polluted terrain of Newtown Creek, learning about the history and soon teaching the masses of his findings.
In his "Parks and Petroleum" walk on May 12, Waxman led a group of environmental enthusiasts down Norman Avenue to the Kosciukszko Bridge and into residential Greenpoint, telling the tales of monumental Newtown Creek catastrophes like the Standard Oil Plant fire of 1919, when more than 110 million gallons of oil leaked into the ground, and the Locust Hill Fire of 1882 that spilled another 30 million gallons.
"You wouldn't have had a Greenpoint the size and wealth it is today if it wasn't for this area," Waxman said. "Conversely, an enormous number of these issues were and are caused by the area we're going to be walking through."
As he took the group through the heart of the Greenpoint oil spill, the waste-transfer district and a series of industrial sites, he points out the similarities of the Queens side and Brooklyn side of the creek.
"One of the things I always try to bring out on the tours is how inextricably linked Queens and Brooklyn are," he said "I actually view Greenpoint, Long Island City, Maspeth, Williamsburg and Bushwick at the head of the creek as being one community that's been politically divided by the Brooklyn-Queens border. These communities all have more in common with each other than neighborhoods south and north of here."
Tonice Sgrignoli, a Long Island City resident, joined the walk to learn more about the creek and find out why it has flown under the radar for so many years.
"I always wanted to find out how that can happen in the largest city in the country," Sqrignoli said.
She was astonished at how close this highly toxic region is to the parks and surrounding residential community.
"They coexist right next to each other," she said, "all the recycling places and the wastewater treatment plant."
Susan Trize, an employee at the High School of Enterprise Business and Technology, said she has aways been environmentally aware and joined the walk to learn more about ways to improve the surrounding ecosystem.
"I'm just really into learning about the places around New York that are polluted and about the people trying to bring them back to what they were," Trize said. "It's really interesting to me to see the process."
As a former resident of Long Island City, she said she was always interested in learning more about the current state of the pollution.
"It's always been amazing to me to see how resilient life is, and amidst all this pollution you still see ducks and birds," she said.
Trize once taught environmental science at Manhattan Comprehensive Night and Day High School, and says that if she ever gets back into that again, she would teach about Newtown Creek.
Waxman is taking groups on a tour of the polluted history of Newtown Creek on Saturdays from now through August 24.
His next walk on May 25 is called "The Insalubrious Valley," a look at the colonial era and the effects of the chemical industry on the creek.
Visit newtownpentacle.com for the full list and description of Waxman's walking tours.


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My name is Beth Coats. I am researching the Coats family
in Rains Co. Julie A. Fitzgerald married Robert Coats about 1863. She was born about 1841 and according to some of our family was the daughter of Ambrose. I can find nothing
to confirm this. I do know Ambrose came from Missouri and
Julie was born in Missouri. My question is who were the
brothers of Ambrose Fitzgerald and did they reside in Wood
Co. now Rains? Maybe she is one of their daughters. Any
help you can give me woud be appreciated. Beth
You can reply to this query by commenting below. (ed.)
Filed under: Queries | Tagged: Coats, Fitzgerald |


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|Allegro CL version 9.0
Unrevised from 8.2 to 9.0.
8.2 version
Arguments: nil
Returns a list of the clipboard formats that are currently on the
Windows clipboard. When a copy is done, applications typically clear
all values from the clipboard and then post only those formats that
apply to the object being copied. If rich text was most recently
copied to the clipboard, then the list returned from this function may
(:text :rich-text). The only valid clipboard
formats at this time are
:rich-text, and
:pixmap. The
:pixmap format reflects the "device-independent
bitmap" Windows clipboard format; Common Graphics does not support the
"device-dependent bitmap" format.
See cg-rich-text.htm for information about rich text editing in Common Graphics. See also cg-clipboard.htm.
Copyright (c) 1998-2017, Franz Inc. Oakland, CA., USA. All rights reserved.
This page was not revised from the 8.2 page.
Created 2012.5.30.
|Allegro CL version 9.0
Unrevised from 8.2 to 9.0.
8.2 version


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Technology Has A Place – But Where?
We've been hit with a huge change in our house this past week: my laptop, my beloved sidekick, essentially died a horrible death. Or, it is at least out of commission for the time being. Not even the Blue Screen of Doom could find its way to my laptop last week. Just a hint: if you think your motherboard is going out – BACK UP EVERYTHING. Thankfully, my machine was under warranty and was shipped off to Fix-My-Computerland for a makeover. Or the dumpster. We'll find out one way or another in a few days.
In the meantime, I'm essentially computerless. My husband does have a laptop through his office, but that is what it is for – his OFFICE. Not my office or the kids' games. I've had to learn how to strategically check email and pare down to the bare minimum of computer-related tasks to complete while my baby is being reconfigured.
One thing I have noticed, though, is the changes that have occurred in my house this week. Okay, maybe not huge changes, but differences between life with my computer and life without it.
First of all, my younger son naps a long time! Wow! I had no idea he slept that long. It always seems much shorter when I'm racing around to get computer-related stuff done during naptime, like Spider Solitaire and Bejeweled (you know, the important stuff). I got half of my house cleaned during naptime yesterday. That would be the same house that takes me all week to clean otherwise. Who knew?
Also, did you know that we actually have time to ride bikes and play board games after dinner? I had no idea! Usually, time after dinner is spent playing online (adults and/or children – we have Webkinz to feed, you know), but with the lack of computer this week, we've headed outdoors to visit neighbors, take a few spins around the block, and whip out Candyland. I had forgotten we even had Candyland.
Speaking of games, instead of hearing the bickering over who's turn it is on Lego.com or who gets to spin the Wheel of Wow in Webkinzland, I see my boys, giggling over their latest "cootie". I see my older son, teaching my younger one how to play Yahtzee or Memory. And, their latest game has been to build a "town" in the backyard (heaven help my flower beds this week!). Out of what? Imaginary bricks. Yep. And a lot of imagination.
Technology is not a bad thing, don't get me wrong. My children have benefitted greatly from online resources and educational sites. I would never deny them the opportunity to explore things we typically don't get to see in Texas. The computer, and the Internet, open innumerable doors for our children. It is a great tool to use in educating and schooling our children.
But, time together is equally important and beneficial. The key is to find the balance of the two. Where does technology fit in with your family? Is there balance?


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LAKELAND, FL (October 31, 2013) – On Monday, November 18th the City of Lakeland will host a Community Meeting addressing gang related issues. The meeting will take place at the Coleman Busch Building from 6 – 8:30 p.m. There have been a number of gang related shootings in the last few months and the purpose of the meeting is to identify the steps needed to curb gang membership within the community.
Mayor Gow Fields said, "We need to have an approach to identify and reduce the number of individuals who look at gangs as the answer to their problems. Many of the youth today are migrating to this kind of activity and sadly they recognize gangs as a type of family."
The Community Meeting will include the following:
· An overview of gangs by the Lakeland Police Department. This overview will include the changing gang demographics and membership activity.
· Community understanding of what to look for to identify gang behavior.
· Identifying community resources and understanding positive community based programs.
· Identify the gaps of what is missing in community programs as well as listing alternatives.
· Start a plan and dialogue needed to move forward.
Assistant Chief of Police Mike Link said, "In Lakeland we have 260 documented gang members and associates. Right now we have 46 listed gangs. Nine of those are considered more active and pop-up on our radar much more frequently that the others."
Fields said, "This is a war and we don't have enough soldiers of good influence on the street. Hopefully, this meeting will be a start so the community can see the seriousness of the issue." He added, "We need to work together in solving this problem."
The City of Lakeland asks the community to attend this important meeting as we work toward solutions to curb gang membership and identify resources needed to help reduce gang violence. For more information on gang activity in Florida, please visit www.floridagangreduction.com.


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NEW YORK (MarketWatch) — U.S. stock futures maintained a mild Thursday decline after data had jobless claims rising to a one-month high and personal income outpacing consumer spending in December.
The Labor Department reported first-time applications for unemployment benefits climbed 38,000 last week, the biggest jump since Nov. 10, to 368,000. The weekly numbers come ahead of Friday's nonfarm-payrolls report for January.
MasterCard Inc. MA, -0.37% shares rose 3.7% after the card-payment-processor reported increased fourth-quarter profit.
Facebook Inc. FB, -1.27% shares fell 6.6% after the social-networking site reported a steep drop in fourth-quarter profit.
JDS Uniphase Corp. US:JDSU surged after earnings and Qualcomm Inc. QCOM, +1.60% gained on the semiconductor seller's forecast of higher-than-expected second-quarter sales and profit.
On the last trading day of the month, futures for the Dow Jones Industrial Average US:DJH3 US:DJH3 US:DJH3 were off 11 points to 13,827, while those for the Standard & Poor's 500 index US:SPH3 eased 1.9 points to 1,493.40. Futures for the Nasdaq 100 index US:NDH3 fell 9.75 points to 2,726.
Investors shouldn't be too shocked to see markets off Thursday, given the gains seen over the month, said Stephen Pope, managing partner at Spotlight Ideas.
The Dow industrials DJIA, -0.66% and S&P 500 SPX, -0.79% have each gained over 7% as the month winds down.
"I sense a down day as recent gains are just cashed in," Pope wrote in emailed comments. "In doing so, the small pullback that will be created will be a welcome invitation for those who were a little late in getting some skin in the game to go out and start looking to acquire high potential positions."
The Chicago purchasing-managers index on factory activity will be released at 9:45 a.m. Eastern. Economists expect the index to improve some but remain below the 50 growth threshold for January. Other regional activity indicators have come in weak this month.
U.S. stocks on Wednesday retreated from five-year highs after the Federal Reserve said economic growth paused in recent months and fourth-quarter gross domestic product data delivered a surprise contraction. Read: Five reasons bad GDP news is misleading.
On Wednesday, the Dow Jones Industrial Average DJIA, -0.66% fell 44 points, or 0.3%, at 13,910.42, while the S&P 500 index SPX, -0.79% dropped 5.88 points, or 0.4%, to 1,501.96. Also The Tell: Marc Faber loves the odds of a 'big-time' market crash.


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Must-have Mustard
With Memorial Day weekend staring us in the face, it only made sense to share this bbq related project. If you live in the Twin Cities you have probably come across the stylish orange Natedog's food cart, stocked with quality wieners, tasty hand crafted mustards, and manned by the friendly proprietor, Nate Beck. We were lucky to have him at our open house in February and recently letterpress printed the labels for Nate's honey-spiced mustard, now bottled and available for purchase. Holmberg Design Co, who we most recently worked with on these Dogwood Coffee labels, is behind the Natedog's identity and label design. Letterpress printed with two inks on an existing label stock, these were kisscut after printing with a custom made die that mimics the bottle shape.
CBS recently ran a nice feature of on Natedog's that can be viewed here.


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Opera was updated to version 12.1, fixing various bugs and security issues.
http://www.opera.com/docs/changelogs/unix/1201/
Fixes and Stability Enhancements since Opera 12.00 General and User Interface
Several general fixes and stability improvements Website thumbnail memory usage improvements Address bar inline auto-completion no longer prefers shortest domain Corrected an error that could occur after removing the plugin wrapper Resolved an issue where favicons were squeezed too much when many tabs were open
Display and Scripting
Resolved an error with XHR transfers where content-type was incorrectly determined Improved handling of object literals with numeric duplicate properties Changed behavior of nested/chained comma expressions: now expressing and compiling them as a list rather than a tree Aligned behavior of the #caller property on function code objects in ECMAScript 5 strict mode with the specification Fixed an issue where input type=month would return an incorrect value in its valueAsDate property Resolved an issue with JSON.stringify() that could occur on cached number conversion Fixed a problem with redefining special properties using Object.defineProperty()
Network and Site-Specific
Fixed an issue where loading would stop at "Document 100%" but the page would still be loading tuenti.com: Corrected behavior when long content was displayed https://twitter.com: Fixed an issue with secure transaction errors Fixed an issue with Google Maps Labs that occured when compiling top-level loops inside strict evals Corrected a problem that could occur with DISQUS Fixed a crash occurring on Lenovo's "Shop now" page Corrected issues when calling window.console.log via a variable at watch4you Resolved an issue with Yahoo! chat
Mail, News, Chat
Resolved an issue where under certain conditions the mail panel would continuously scroll up Fixed a crash occurring when loading mail databases on startup
Re-fixed an issue where certain URL constructs could allow arbitrary code execution, as reported by Andrey Stroganov; see our advisory Fixed an issue where certain characters in HTML could incorrectly be ignored, which could facilitate XSS attacks; see our advisory Fixed another issue where small windows could be used to trick users into executing downloads as reported by Jordi Chancel; see our advisory Fixed an issue where an element's HTML content could be incorrectly returned without escaping, bypassing some HTML sanitizers; see our advisory Fixed a low severity issue, details will be disclosed at a later date
Advisory links from above: http://www.opera.com/support/kb/view/1016/ http://www.opera.com/support/kb/view/1026/ http://www.opera.com/support/kb/view/1027/ http://www.opera.com/support/kb/view/1025/


text:
Read more
about the making of the film in these interviews:
Watch history come to life in this documentary that chronicles the influence and importance of the 100-year-old National Council of Teachers of English.
Illustrated by vivid archival photographs, dramatic readings from historical documents, and lively scenes from contemporary classrooms and professional conventions, the NCTE Centennial Film: Reading the Past, Writing the Future was created in cooperation with the NCTE Centennial Task Force by English teacher John Golden and his cinematographer partner Laura Lull. Incorporating the voices of today's students and teachers and featuring numerous interviews with literacy leaders, Reading the Past, Writing the Future both celebrates the centennial of NCTE and raises important questions and observations about American literacy education.
Want to download the film? You can save the entire film (50 minutes / ~327 MB) by using this link or you can right-click on the movie player above to save the web-optimized version.
Interested in the watching the original trailer that was available before the release of the movie? You can find it here on YouTube.
Copyright © 1998-2019
National Council of Teachers of English. All rights reserved in all media.
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tour our sitemap
and store sitemap,
or contact NCTE
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Use of this site signifies your agreement to the Terms of Use
Visit us on:
This document was printed from http://www.ncte.org/centennial/film.
NCTE - The National Council of Teachers Of English
A Professional Association of Educators in English Studies, Literacy, and Language Arts


text:
When Charlie bit his brother's finger in 2007, the entire Internet fell in love. It's one of the most popular YouTube videos ever at nearly 500 million views and those adorable little boys could do no wrong. Until, well now. Five years later it looks like the family has teamed up with Ragu to slang tomato sauce using the old viral video. What?
To be clear: we have no problem with selling out. Make your money. Get yours. Start a college fund or something. Exploit whomever to get whatever.
But um, is there any way this commercial even makes sense? If you can't really see how Ragu and biting fingers are connected, we don't blame you cause we don't either. It's ridiculous! There have been awkward commercials that used viral YouTube videos before but this Charlie bit my finger with Ragu sauce has to be the worst. They've grown up a little bit (but not enough where it's mind blowing) and watch the video and then want to eat Ragu sauce? Is this the worst sell out of an Internet trend ever? [YouTube via The Daily What]


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- Services
- We strive to provide complete care for our patients. Learn more about all the services we provide.
Lifestyle Matters
|Chiropractic Care and Lifestyle Enhancement
Chiropractors are wellness experts. Chiropractors teach their patients how to begin safe, effective exercise programs. Chiropractors teach their patients how to create healthy food plans that will enhance their well-being and the well-being of their families. Healthy lifestyles are a key element in the overall chiropractic approach to long-term wellness.
Chiropractors are highly trained in nutritional science and rehabilitative exercise. In addition to your chiropractic hands-on treatment, regular exercise and healthy nutrition will help you return to high levels of wellness and well-being.


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Program outline
Sensational teambuilding experience guaranteed which generates a sense of energy, excitement and competitive spirit to any conference or corporate event!
The streets are paved with Gold coins!! Teams are spurred by the knowledge that its a finders-keepers free-for-all in which any team might become abundantly wealthy and ultimately win the game!
But looks can be deciving. Teams will collaborate and multi-task on 8 different levels simulataneously if they are going to have a chance of Going for Gold!
Some of the treasure is limited – only the first team there will get it. Other treasure is available for everyone who locates it.
Here you need to retrieve a secret code and swap it for cash at the Claims Administrator (CA). The CA's office is the last outpost of bureaucracy! Unless you follow the correct procedure your claim will not be processed. These procedures, which are clearly laid out upfront, vary according to the treasure trove claimed include stipulations about individual characteristics of team members who make the claim. Planning your work, working your plan and avoiding the temptation to cut corners has never been so important!
Along the way you can earn extra rewards by completing various tasks. Every 30 minutes a press release is issued. Some are freely available. Others are given behind closed doors to a paying audience. The information at these press releases offers your team a golden opportunity to substantially increase your wealth BUT in order to profit from the information you have to be there – ON TIME – snooze you lose!
Mirroring the challenges and rewards of real business Gold Rush works just as well with a small group or a big group.
Learning and development outcomes
Gold Rush adds value regardless of rank, experience, education, physical fitness or skill level. All participants are on level playing field thereby creating a compelling cross functional and top-to-bottom whole organisation teambuilding activity. Goldrush has been widely used in CRM, Knowledge Management, Customer Service, Cultural Diversity, Strategic Planning & Communication programs. Show your team the value of business intelligence, planning & communication through this practical hands-on application.


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July 14, 2003
LOS ANGELES — Uday Karmarkar, Times Mirror Professor of Management Strategy and Policy, is the recipient of the 2003 Distinguished Service Award given annually by The Manufacturing and Service Operations Management Society (MSOM) of INFORMS. This award recognizes individuals whose distinguished service to MSOM has helped to significantly advance the goals and objectives of the Society. Prof. Karmarkar, who received a recognition plaque and a $400 honorarium, was honored for his exemplary service to the field of operations management.
MSOM encourages discussion and interaction among individuals who have interest in manufacturing and service operations management so as to advance the levels of theory, technology and practice in these areas.
Dr. Karmarkar is research director of the Center for Management in the Information Economy at The Anderson School at UCLA and a professor of decisions, operations and technology management. Under his leadership, the Center promotes applied research on all management aspects of the information economy and creates and conducts educational programs and seminars for business students as well as the business community.
An excerpt from his award reads:
"Prof. Karmarkar was largely responsible for founding TECMAN, the ORSA Technical Section on Manufacturing, in the early 1980s. His vision was of a group that involved both academics and people from industry, so one of the main features of TECMAN's constitution was a requirement that the chair of the group should alternate between somebody from university and somebody from industry. This contributed to a very valuable dialogue and to the establishment and development of relationships between academics and industry people that have been the basis of considerable subsequent research and its application."
Dr. Karmarkar's consulting and research projects include e-business strategy, manufacturing strategy, business processes, supply chain management, industrial marketing, and technology management for a various companies, including Becton Dickinson, Aditya Birla Group, American Cimflex, Deere and Company, Eastman Kodak, Ford, GM, WW Grainger, Hindustan Lever, IBM, Thomson Publishing and Xerox. He is an advisor to or director of several start-up companies engaged in sectors such as eCRM, ERP, IT-enabled services, on-line and desktop educational systems, advanced decision systems and data mining software.
Prof. Karmarkar is also the founder of the Journal of Manufacturing and Operations Management, which established a publication style and editorial organization that has been followed by other publications. Additionally, he has published more than 60 articles and research papers in his areas of expertise.
Dr. Karmarkar received a Ph.D. in management science from MIT Sloan School of Management and a bachelor of technology in chemical engineering from Indian Institute of Technology.


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When you determine conductor sizes for low-voltage feeder or branch circuits, do you account for voltage drop? Some people believe this is unnecessary, and some believe that doing so is a Code requirement. The first belief is false, but the second is only partly true.
For sensitive electronic equipment, branch circuits can't have more than a 1.5% voltage drop, and the combined voltage drop of feeder and branch-circuit conductors can't exceed 2.5% [647.4(D)]. For all other circuits, the 2005 NEC merely recommends 3% or 5%, depending on the circuit type (feeder or branch) and load type [210.19(A)(1) FPN No. 4 and 215.2(A)(3) FPN No. 2]. Engineering and design standards, coupled with specific user requirements, determine the allowable voltage drop for feeders and branch circuits.
Equipment manufacturers typically recommend or require a minimum circuit voltage or percentage of the equipment voltage rating. For example, one manufacturer may state that voltage at the device must be between 466V and 494V. Another may require that the voltage drop not exceed 3% of the nameplate voltage.
Low voltage on a system increases maintenance costs and decreases safety and performance. Operating electrical equipment below its acceptable voltage rating can lead to premature failure and hazardous situations. Inductive loads, such as motors and ballasts can overheat, shortening equipment life and increasing energy consumption. If operated below their rated voltage, resistive loads, such as heaters, simply won't provide the desired output. A 10% reduction of voltage reduces the power output by 19%, because power output reduces as the square of voltage. Reduced circuit voltage can cause lights to flicker when other appliances or equipment cycle on.
Sizing the circuit conductor. To correctly determine the minimum conductor size for a given ampacity, you first must determine the voltage drop for that circuit. You can do this by one of several methods. For example, you can calculate the voltage drop of the simple two-wire AC circuit in the Figure by using the following equation,
where Vd is voltage drop, K is the resistivity constant of conductor metal (circular mil-ohm per foot), Q is the alternating current adjustment factor for skin effect, L is the length of circuit (in feet), I is the load (current draw in amps), and CM is the cross sectional area of conductor (in circular mils). CM may also be denoted as D.
For a single-phase AC circuit, when only one-way conductor length needs to be considered (as in a balanced, 3-phase, 4-wire circuit with zero current flowing through the neutral), the voltage drop is half of the drop calculated by the preceding equation. For a balanced 3-phase, 3-wire circuit, the voltage drop between any two phase conductors is 0.866 times the voltage drop calculated by the preceding equation.
Notice that the calculation requires you to determine some facts about ambient condition and the load, wire/cable, and raceway characteristics.
If you find the calculations tedious, you can refer to the voltage drop tables often found in handbooks and design guides; the values obtained are usually sufficient for design purposes. Software can also provide an efficient means of calculating voltage drop.
If you use the previous equation as is, you can plug in the values on the right side of the equation and determine the voltage drop on the left side as the result. If the answer you get is too high, you could try changing the conductor to the next higher size and try the equation again. If your answer is still too high, you can keep increasing the conductor size until your calculated voltage drop is acceptable. However, this method can quickly become tiresome — especially on a large project.
A more efficient approach is to first determine what voltage drop is acceptable. Then use a form of the equation that lets you determine the required conductor size. For example, if you know that your maximum voltage drop is going to be 14V (3% of 480V), you can determine the conductor size with the following equation, which is a reworked version of the first equation.
Circuit parameters. Regardless of how you determine voltage drop, you must always know certain things about the circuit in question. These are called "circuit parameters." Getting these circuit parameters correct will require some evaluation and perhaps some fact digging.
What do these parameters include? While you need to account for some factors to adjust for accuracy, you need to know conductor resistivity and length, plus the current draw just to "do the math" of the equations.
Conductor resistivity. Conductor resistance increases with temperature. Hence, the resistivity constant employed in the calculation should be the value corresponding to the operating temperature of the conductors. The resistivity constant for copper conductor voltage drop calculations is 12.9 ohms at 90°C and 10.8 ohms at 60°C. The resistivity constant for aluminum is 21.2 ohms at 90°C and 17 ohms at 60°C.
Adjustment for skin effect. For small wires, up to 3 AWG, resistance is the same for 60 Hz AC and DC. But above 3 AWG, AC resistance is larger due to skin effect, which causes the current to flow through the periphery of the conductor, thus reducing its effective cross sectional area. The adjustment factor for skin effect is derived by taking AC resistance value and dividing it by DC resistance value. The DC and AC resistance values can be obtained from NEC Chapter 9 Tables 8 and 9.
Consider the following example. For a 4/0 AWG copper conductor:
DC resistance=0.0608 ohms/1,000 ft for uncoated conductor (Table 8)
AC resistance=0.063 ohms/1,000 ft for uncoated conductor in steel conduit (Table 9)
This means that the AC resistance is 1.0362 times the DC resistance.
Circuit conductor length. The length of the circuit conductor is simply the distance from source to the load. But is it the closest load, the farthest load, or some load in the middle? The answer is none of the above.
Using the entire length of circuit conductor to the farthest load means you'll calculate erroneously high voltage drop values and thus may needlessly oversize the circuit conductors. The rules of series-parallel circuits come into play here. When a feeder (or branch conductor) reaches the first load, it's carrying the full current. But it doesn't carry the full current to each subsequent load; current divides proportionate to the impedance of each load. This reveals the following two facts:
If you use the length of the circuit to the closest load, you neglect to account for that part of the circuit past the first load. The calculated voltage drop would be less than the actual.
If you use the actual length of the circuit — from source to the farthest load — the calculated voltage drop would be greater than the actual.
You need to determine what conductor length would be equivalent to having all loads concentrated at one point — the "load nexus" of the circuit. In the simplest of situations, in which the loads are equal and spaced evenly along the circuit, the load nexus is obviously halfway between the first and last load. If the loads are unequal and/or spaced unequally, you'll need to apply series-parallel calculations to accurately determine where the load nexus is. However, these calculations are beyond the scope of this article.
Circuit current. Use the expected steady-state load demand current to calculate the voltage drop. But don't just add up all the loads and call that your total load. Determine the total load by considering the maximum load occurring at any time due to simultaneous operation. Use this demand load for calculating the voltage drop. You may need to allow for future demand as well. If you size your conductors to just barely accommodate the present load, adding load later is going to be expensive. It's much less costly to install slightly oversized wire now than to rip it out and install a new conductor later. Pay special attention to lighting and appliance circuits and to mains that feed several loads.
Load power factor. You should adjust the expected circuit current to account for power factor (PF). How do you determine the PF of loads when one feeder supplies several loads? It's a three-step process:
Multiply the kVA of each load by its operating PF.
Add these products for all loads.
Divide the sum obtained by the total kVA connected to the circuit.
Though approximate, this method allows you to adequately adjust for PF.
Reactance. Chapter 3 wiring methods address the issue of reactance by requiring you to run all three phase conductors of a given circuit in the same raceway if you use ferrous raceways [300.3(B)]. If you use nonferrous raceways, you can use an "isolated phase" arrangement [300.3(B)(1) Ex]. If your installation doesn't follow these requirements, all bets are off.
You can see that you may have to do more than simply plug in whatever numbers you have on hand if you want to perform accurate voltage drop calculations. The accuracy of these calculations will determine how accurately you size your circuit conductors.
Correctly sizing your circuit conductors allows you to provide the most cost-effective installation and the most efficient operation. But incorrect estimations may cause you to oversize or undersize your circuit conductors.
Oversizing the circuit conductors leads to additional cost in terms of raceways, supports, fittings, enclosures, and installation labor. Undersizing leads to operating inefficiencies, overheating, and premature equipment failure. If you correctly determine the voltage drop calculation parameters — especially conductor length — before making the calculation, you'll avoid both of these problems.
Pandian is a project manager with A. Al-Saihati, A. Fattani & O. Al-Othman Consulting Engineering Co. (SOFCON) in Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia.


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We are currently looking for a bright, entrepreneurial, tech-savvy individual with overwhelming initiative to help us lead our Ladies Learning Code programs in Peterborough. This is a part-time volunteer position. Our Chapter Leads earn a stipend of program revenue.
Empower Canadian adults to learn beginner-friendly technical skills, build your network of technical and tech-savvy people in your city, gain experience planning large and small workshops and events, and earn a bit of money supporting a charitable cause!
If you're interested in joining the Canada Learning Code team as a Chapter Lead, please get in touch with us via the application below.
About Canada Learning Code
At Canada Learning Code, we believe that digital skills are tools of empowerment. Our goal is to ensure that all Canadians – particularly women, girls, people with disabilities, Indigenous youth and newcomers – who have been historically underrepresented in the sector are given equal opportunity to build our future. We are champions for coding education in Canada, driving results through program design and delivery, strategic industry and public partnerships, educator training, research, advocacy and awareness. We aim to empower Canadians in every province and territory to develop computational thinking abilities, through code and other digital skills, equipping them to become creators – not just consumers – of technology. We believe that diversity is Canada's strength and everyone should be given equal opportunity to learn critical 21st century skills. Our goal is to level the educational playing field to drive innovation.
Canada Learning Code is an Equal Opportunity Employer and values diversity and inclusion within all our teams (employees and volunteers alike). We are committed to continuing to diversify our Teams across Canada. We strongly encourage applications from underrepresented and minority groups.
We are looking for a dedicated and passionate person to join our team as a Ladies Learning Code Chapter Lead in Peterborough
About Ladies Learning Code Our Ladies Learning Code program offers female-identified and male-identified, trans, and non-binary adults hands-on, project-based learning experiences that are designed to give beginners the skills and confidence they need to become digital creators.
All Ladies Learning Code workshops are open to adults of all ages and genders but are designed to be a space where women explicitly are welcome to learn.
From workshops to intensive multi-week courses, Ladies Learning Code experiences are especially popular and successful because of our high ratio (4:1 in most experiences!) of learners to mentors, which is only possible because of overwhelming support from the technology and startup communities in the cities where we operate.
Ladies Learning Code Experiences are designed to provide opportunities for learners to gain confidence and efficacy with technology skills like coding. We want our program to:
Would you like to:
If you answered yes to the above questions, you may be who we're looking for!
Responsibilities: Start by organizing one full-day Ladies Learning Code program educational experience per month
What We'll Take Care of For You:
Running workshops is a lot of work – that's something we've learned over the past year. In order to help you make your city's Canada Learning Code Chapter a success, we'll be supporting our Chapter Leads in several important ways. We take care of:
What We Expect from Canada Learning Code Chapter Leads:
Accountability It is important that you work well with your local community to make sure all invested parties – from instructors to sponsors to attendees – have a great experience with Canada Learning Code education experiences. As a Canada Learning Code Chapter Lead, you are responsible for the success of each event. Canada Learning Code will collect data from attendees, instructors, mentors and other stakeholders after each event you facilitate, and will periodically review your performance.
Communicating the Canada Learning Code Message As a Canada Learning Code Chapter Lead, it is incredibly important that you understand and communicate the organization and program messages and value proposition at each event you facilitate.
Representing Canada Learning Code to the Local Community As a Canada Learning Code Chapter Lead, you are the public face of Canada Learning Code in your city. You will need to understand how to work with and what to expect from the local media.
Ensuring Event Logistics Are Coordinated Properly Event planning and logistics are the responsibility of the Canada Learning Code Chapter Lead. This includes everything from selecting a topic, finding a Lead Instructor, choosing a date and venue, coordinating talented volunteers to achieve a 4:1 ratio of students-to-instructors, ordering catering, communicating event details to the Toronto team so that we can launch registration, etc. The Toronto team will provide ancillary support in making sure events are coordinated and executed properly.
Managing the Event's Tone One of the most important responsibilities of a Canada Learning Code Chapter Lead is maintaining the tone of the event. Creating a vibrant & positive atmosphere where individuals can learn new tech-related skills in a beginner-friendly, social and collaborative way is really the magic that makes Canada Learning Code programs successful.
In addition to that, we're looking for individuals who are:
Tags: computer lab teaching writing SDKs event planning Lead Developer CampBrain program design C# Django apis java javascript Python Marketing C++ React
Are you the person we're looking for? To apply, please complete this application form. If you have any questions, please get in touch with our Chief Growth Officer, Laura Plant Hasanbegovic (laura.plant[at]canadalearningcode[dot]ca).


text: « Return to Search July 4-Related Road Closures Around Mass. Eye and Ear July 02, 2013 Contact: Mary Leach 617-573-4170 BOSTON (July 2, 2013) – Patients and visitors to Mass. Eye and Ear are encouraged to be aware of traffic patterns and road closures related to the July 4th celebration on the Esplanade near the hospital in Boston. Parking and traffic patterns around Mass. Eye and Ear will be impacted because of the July 4th celebration starting at 4 p.m. on Wednesday, July 3. All employee and patient parking will be limited to the Charles Circle Lot beginning Wednesday afternoon through Friday morning. Road closurers beginning on July 3: After noon, eastbound traffic will not be able to proceed past Charlesgate St. (Fenway area). Link to a pdf that shows an alternate route to the Charles Circle Lot. Westbound traffic getting on to Storrow Drive will be directed to take the exit to Charles Circle. You may access the Charles Circle Lot from there. Please click on this link for an alternate route to the Charles Circle Lot. Full Road Closings as posted on DCR website: Wednesday, July 3, 2013 12:01 AM: .NO parking on Mugar Way until 8:00 AM on July 5. All vehicles shall be removed. 6:00 AM: The right lane of Storrow Drive westbound will be closed to allow for event related permitted activity from the Longfellow Bridge to the Fiedler Footbridge. Vehicular traffic will continue eastbound on all lanes and west bound on Storrow Drive left lane until noon. 7:30 AM: The enhanced security area of the Esplanade between Community Boating and Dartmouth Street, including the Hatch Memorial Shell and the Oval, shall close to all pedestrians and cyclists. Park users will be detoured off the Esplanade at the Dartmouth Street Footbridge and the Community Footbridge at Charles Circle. The Fiedler Footbridge from Beacon Street to the Esplanade will also close at this time. Noon: Storrow Drive East and West closes from Charles Street Circle to the Bowker Overpass (just past the Mass. Ave Bridge, connecting to Charlesgate and the Fenway), until July 5. Mugar Way at Beacon Street closes to vehicular and pedestrian traffic. Berkley Street at Beacon St closes to vehicular traffic. Mass. Eye and Ear patients will be able to access the Storrow Drive Lot until 4 PM. Pedestrians will be directed to Berkley Street for entrance to the Esplanade. 4 PM: No more access to Storrow Drive Lot. Oval opens to Rehearsal Concert attendees. Attendees may NOT bring tents/canopies on July 3. 7:30 PM Pops Rehearsal Concert Begins at Hatch Memorial Shell 9:00 PM Concert ends. Oval again closes to public for cleanup and preparation for the next day's events. There are no fireworks during the July 3rd's rehearsal Concert. Thursday, July 4, 2013: Independence Day 12:01 AM: No parking will be allowed on Memorial Drive (either side) from #450 Memorial Drive to the Longfellow Bridge; #1 Memorial Drive; Cambridge Parkway; Riverside Boat Club and Magazine Beach/Pool, AND #1 Land Blvd. 7:00 AM: Closure of Storrow Drive extends: no access to Storrow Drive (east and westbound) will be allowed between Leverett Circle and Bowker Overpass. The Storrow Drive exit ramp (Liberty Tunnel) from the Tip O'Neil Tunnel shall be closed to all traffic except emergency vehicles. Traffic will be allowed to travel on Msgr. O'Brien Highway to Cambridge and Martha Road to Boston. The Community Footbridge at Charles Street Circle to the Esplanade shall be closed. Mugar Way at Beacon Street shall be closed to all pedestrian traffic. Pedestrians wishing to enter the Esplanade will be directed down Beacon Street to Berkeley Street for entry. 10:00 AM: The right lane of the Charles River Dam Road and Craigie Draw Bridge shall be closed from Museum Way to Leverett Circle. This lane will be designed for emergency vehicles and event staff. 3:00 PM: No access to Storrow Drive westbound from the Bowker Overpass at Kenmore Square and no access to Storrow Drive westbound from the Beacon St. on-ramp under the Bowker overpass. 4:00 PM: Memorial Drive will close eastbound and westbound between the BU Bridge and the Longfellow Bridge. All side streets in the City of Cambridge leading to Memorial Drive will close. This includes: Main Street from Third Street to the Longfellow Bridge; Ames Street from Main Street to Memorial Drive; Wadsworth and Amherst Streets; Land Boulevard from Binney Street to Longfellow Bridge; Hayward Street; Carlton Street; Charlotte's Way; and Dock Street. Vehicle access to One Memorial Drive will be allowed by permit only. No access to the Harvard (aka Mass. Ave.) Bridge for vehicles or pedestrians from Beacon Street in Boston to Vassar Street in Cambridge. Vassar Street in Cambridge will close from Mass. Ave. to Memorial Drive. Local resident access will be allowed. The Longfellow Bridge will close outbound (Boston to Cambridge) to all pedestrian and vehicular traffic. The inbound side (from Cambridge to Boston) will remain open to pedestrians and cyclists. 7:30 PM: Concert begins. 9:30 PM: Fireworks begin. 10:00 PM: Concert and fireworks end. 9:15 PM: Third Street in Cambridge becomes one way from Main Street to the Msgr.O'Brien Highway. The Craigie Draw Bridge (at Leverett Circle) will remain in the down position for two hours until vehicle traffic subsides. Smaller boats that can pass under the bridge while the bridge is in the down position will be allowed to pass downstream to the Charles River Dam locks. Please visit http://www.july4th.org/Event_Info/2013_Road_Closures/ for the most up-to-date information on road closures.


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Google is putting up $1 million for anyone who can crack open its web browser and become a security threat, reports Forbes.
Chrome has entered an international hacking contest called Pwn2Own for the past three years and left untouched, while other brand name browsers like Safari, Internet Explorer, and Firefox fall victim to hacker attacks.
Why the huge cash prize? Google explains in a blog post that it's asking for a detailed report of how the hacker was able to exploit the browser, which is not an official condition of the contest. That information will go into making future releases of Chrome even safer.
"Not only can we fix the bugs, but by studying the vulnerability and exploit techniques we can enhance our mitigations, automated testing, and sandboxing," write Chrome security engineers Chris Evans and Justin Schuh.
It all goes down next week as part of the CanSecWest security conference in Vancouver.
Get the latest Google stock price here.


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Auto Insurance 101
The basics of buying auto insurance
What to know when shopping for auto insuranceAuto insurance is one of the most frequently purchased types of personal insurance. In fact, Ohio requires that you comply with the state's Financial Responsibility (or FR) Law. The FR law requires each Ohio driver to demonstrate an ability to pay for injuries to other people or damages to other people's property if the driver causes an accident. Buying insurance is one way to show financial responsibility and the easiest way to comply with the FR law.
The two basic components to auto insurance coverage are liability and property damage coverage.
Liability coverageMost auto insurance policies cover your liability for bodily injury, and property damage. The policy may offer coverage for uninsured/under-insured motorists coverage.
Bodily injury liability insurance protects you against the claims of other people who are injured in an accident for which you were at fault. Their claims for bodily injury may include medical expenses, lost wages and pain and suffering. Your liability coverage would pay these costs and the cost of defending you against their claims.
Property damage liability insurance pays for any damage you cause to the property of others. This includes not only damages to other vehicles, but also other property, such as walls, fences and equipment.
Uninsured motorists coverage protects you, the policyholder, in the event that you are injured by a hit-and-run driver or a driver who does not have auto insurance.
Physical Damage coveragePhysical damage coverage may include both collision coverage and comprehensive coverage. Collision coverage pays for physical damage to your car as the result of your auto colliding with an object, such as a tree or another car.
This coverage is optional and not required by law. However, collision insurance may be required by your lending institution or lessor.
In the case of an accident involving an older car, the cost of repairing the car can quickly exceed the worth of the car. In this case, insurers will "total" the car and pay you what the car was worth based on its current actual cash value (ACV) rather than fix it.
Comprehensive coverage pays for damage to your auto from almost all other causes, including fire, severe weather, vandalism, floods, theft, and hitting an animal. You are not required by law to carry comprehensive physical damage coverage.
Other factors that impact your auto insurance premiums
Questions or concerns?The Ohio Department of Insurance regulates agents and companies that are licensed to sell insurance in our state. The Department's Consumer Services representatives can answer your insurance questions and investigate your complaints about an insurance company or agent. Call 1-800-686-1526.
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|U.S. Visas
|Visa Overview and Options
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Investment-Based Immigrant Visa
Our Services Include:
- Full Review of your personal circumstances
- Identification of appropriate visa options
- Checklist of documents required for your visa
- Accurate preparation of your application or petition
- Preparation of Memorandum of Law or letter in support of your visa application/petition
- Submission of your visa application or petition to the government agencies
- Careful co-ordination of all correspondence with the government agencies
To schedule a consultation for case specific advice, please call us at 253-838-5444 during our regular office hours, Monday to Friday 8 a.m. to 8 p.m. and Saturday 9 a.m. to 4 p.m. PST, or request a consultation by e-mail using the link below.
Immigrating to the United States to live here permanently is an important decision and a once in a lifetime opportunity.
A Lawful Permanent Resident is a foreign national who has been granted the privilege of permanently living and working in the United States. If you want to become a lawful permanent resident based on investment in the United States, you must go through a multi-step process.
Under section 203(b)(5) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA), 8 U.S.C. § 1153(b)(5), 10,000 immigrant visas per year are available to qualified individuals seeking permanent resident status on the basis of their engagement in a new commercial enterprise.
Of the 10,000 investor visas available annually, 5,000 are set aside for those who apply under a pilot program involving a USCIS-designated "Regional Center."
A "Regional Center:"
- Is an entity, organization or agency that has been approved as such by the Service;
- Focuses on a specific geographic area within the United States; and ,
- Seeks to promote economic growth through increased improved regional productivity, creation of new jobs, and increased domestic capital investment.
"Foreign National Investors" must:
- Demonstrate that a "qualified investment" (see below) is being made in a new commercial enterprise located within an approved Regional Center; and,
- Show, using reasonable methodologies, that 10 or more jobs are actually created either directly or indirectly by the new commercial enterprise through revenues generated from increased exports, improved regional productivity, job creation, or increased domestic capital investment resulting from the pilot program.
Permanent Resident Status is available to investors, either alone or coming with their spouse and unmarried children. Eligible aliens are those who have invested or are actively in the process of investing the required amount of capital into a new commercial enterprise that they have established. They must further demonstrate that this investment will benefit the United States economy and create the requisite number of full-time jobs for qualified persons within the United States.
In general, "eligible individuals" include those:
- Who establish a new commercial enterprise by:
- creating an original business;
- purchasing an existing business and simultaneously or subsequently restructuring or reorganizing the business such that a new commercial enterprise results; or
- expanding an existing business by 140 percent of the pre-investment number of jobs or net worth, or retaining all existing jobs in a troubled business that has lost 20 percent of its net worth over the past 12 to 24 months; and
- creating an original business;
- Who have invested -- or who are actively in the process of investing in a new commercial enterprise:
- at least $1,000,000, or
- at least $500,000 where the investment is being made in a "targeted employment area," which is an area that has experienced unemployment of at least 150 per cent of the national average rate or a rural area as designated by OMB; and
- at least $1,000,000, or
- Whose engagement in a new commercial enterprise will benefit the United States economy and:
- create full-time employment for not fewer than 10 qualified individuals; or
- maintain the number of existing employees at no less than the pre-investment level for a period of at least two years, where the capital investment is being made in a "troubled business," which is a business that has been in existence for at least two years and that has lost 20 percent of its net worth over the past 12 to 24 months.
- create full-time employment for not fewer than 10 qualified individuals; or
Foreign investor must provide evidence that the investment comes from a lawful source of funds.
Once the EB-5 Petition is approved, immigrant investors may obtain a Conditional Resident Status. Within 90 days prior to the second anniversary of an Alien Investor's receipt of the Conditional Resident Status, eligible investors must file a Petition by Entrepreneur to Remove Conditions in order to obtain a Permanent Resident Status based on their investment.
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BluePearl Veterinary Partners in New Castle, DE, is seeking full-time or part-time Emergency Clinicians to join our state-of-the-art emergency and specialty hospital. We are looking to expand our current Emergency department due to the high caseload and growth of the service. We offer critical care coverage seven days a week and have an interest in investing in our interns and their contributions to our team.
Veterinary Specialty Center of Delaware, a BluePearl Veterinary Partners hospital in New Castle, Del., has been serving its community since August 2009. Our hospital is the only one in Delaware that offers both Emergency and Specialty services. It is located off I-95 and easily accessible to Delaware, Pennsylvania, Maryland and New Jersey clients and patients. In addition to 24/7 ER services, we also offer anesthesia, cardiology, critical care, dentistry, internal medicine, oncology, ophthalmology, radiology, rehabilitation and surgery.
The 11,000-square-foot, state-of-the-art facility features a 16-slice CT scanner as well as all the equipment necessary to perform any orthopedic, soft tissue or minimally invasive procedure. The hospital has a large volume with a variety of cases handled by our 18 boarded clinicians and our talented nursing staff, which includes a high percentage of LVT and VST associates.
We know having an engaged team is critical to the care of our patients and the running of the hospital. We truly have a team approach to patient care at every level. This is a great work environment with staff and clinicians who approach patient care with enthusiasm and collaboration to ensure that the most compassionate care is achieved for patients and their families. We also work with several veterinary technician programs in the area.
Working together with Mars Petcare, our BluePearl hospital in New Castle has access to a rich supply of resources to further our mission: Enriching lives through remarkable care for pets. We are dedicated to transforming the delivery of veterinary care through specialty and emergency medicine. We are able to attract the finest clinicians by offering:
Delaware is considered the nation's first state and is conveniently located forty minutes from historical Philadelphia, sixty minutes from Inner Harbor in Baltimore, ninety minutes from our nation's capital, Washington D.C., sixty minutes from Delaware beaches with gorgeous lighthouses, about an hour from Lancaster, PA which is known for its Amish community, lush farmlands and shopping outlets and a mere forty-five minutes from Chester County horse country. Delaware might be the second smallest state, but it has endless options of enjoyment from the beautiful beaches, a multitude of state parks, museums, gardens, colonial history, entertainment venues and great food. There are festivals for every interest: Old New Castle Days, Wildflower Celebration, Dover Days, NASCAR races, Scrapple Festival, Peach Festival, Apple Blossom Festival, Rockford Ice Cream Festival, Firefly Music Festival, State Fair, Wine and Beer festival and Sea Witch Halloween! There's a plethora of outdoor activities including hiking, camping, swimming, horseback riding and golfing. Delaware was named the third most bike-friendly state in the country by the League of American Bicyclists in 2015. Plus, there is no sales tax in Delaware, so you'll see a little more savings when shopping for those big-ticket items!
BluePearl is committed to a diverse work environment in which all individuals are treated with respect and dignity. We are an equal opportunity employer, and all qualified applicants will receive consideration for employment without regard to race, color, national origin, religion, creed, sex, age, disability, genetic information, marital status, citizenship status, sexual orientation or affectional preference, or gender identity or expression, protected veteran status, or any other characteristic protected by law. If you need assistance or an accommodation during the application process because of a disability, it is available upon request. The company is pleased to provide such assistance, and no applicant will be penalized as a result of such a request. We are an Equal Opportunity Employer and a Drug Free Workplace.


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Sensible Seeds stock nearly 3,000 quality cannabis seed strains sourced from over 160 of the best cannabis seed banks and skunk breeders from around the world. No other online seed retailer can match us for our vast selective range or the customer service that comes with all orders.
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Please fill out the application below to apply for credit. You may disregard the portion of the application that asks for information about your trade-in. We do not currently accept trades.
Or click here for a printable application that you can fill out and bring with you to one of our stores.
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The IELTS results process
What to do if you didn't get the IELTS score you need?
FAQs about IELTS results
4 - Why is my mark higher the second time I sat the test, although I haven't done anything different?
You will only receive one copy of your Test Report Form – unless you are applying to Citizenship and Immigration Canada (CIC) – in this case, you can receive two. Up to five (5) copies of your TRF will be posted to the relevant institution(s) you have listed on your IELTS application form. Regular postage is free of charge. Charges for courier services and/or overseas postage will be passed onto you.
Additional TRFs beyond these five can be requested from the test centre which issued the TRF. Please note, an administration fee may be charged for additional TRFs. If you have lost your TRF, please contact the test centre which issued your TRF.
At any time within two years of sitting the test, you can apply to your test centre for up to five additional copies of your original test report form. These copies will NOT be sent to you, but can be sent to universities, embassies, consulates etc. on your behalf. You will only ever receive ONE personal copy of your Test Report Form.
If the test centre where you took your test has closed we can still send a copy of your Test Report Form to any receiving organisation for the first two years after your test.
To request a Test Report Form you will need to complete an application form for additional TRFs. It is very important that you complete your family and given names exactly as they appear on your identification document. Submit the form by clicking the Submit button at the end of the form.Include a scanned copy of the passport or identification document that you used when you sat the test (this is done after you click the submit button on the application form).
- Wait a few hours and try again! The server dispatches results in batches to avoid overload and depending on when you login, you may have to wait a little bit.
- Double check all of your details. Make sure you've correctly entered your name and passport number.
- Contact your test centre. If you still cannot access your results, contact the centre where you took your test.


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Founded and directed by Dr. David Frawley D. Litt., (Pandit Vamadeva Shastri), the Vedic Institute serves as a vehicle for his work, offering on-line access to go along with his many published writings. The institute works with associated organizations throughout the world. It encourages a deeper study of the Vedic teachings in all forms and branches and is interdisciplinary in approach.
In light of the information age, and the publication basis of our work, the institute is aiming to develop a greater on-line access to our work and that of our friends and associates. We now have on-line versions of all our courses. Our website addresses our international audience, its views and its concerns, and tries to maintain a global perspective.
Dr. Frawley founded the 'Vedic Research Center' in 1980 for his work on the Vedas that he had been pursuing since 1970. This early work focused on research into the Rigveda, the oldest Vedic text, along with a translation of Vedic hymns. In 1988, Vamadeva expanded the center into the 'American Institute of Vedic Studies' to promote additional study in Yoga, Ayurveda and Vedic Astrology. Yet the Vedic research has continued and formed the background of this work, affording it a special Vedic angle. The Vedic Yoga remains the prime concern for future projects.
Yogini Shambhavi Devi joined this work in 2005 and offers consultations, retreats, training programs and personal guidance directed by her, particularly in the field of Shakti Sadhana. This greatly enriches the perspectives and insights that Vamadeva began. Yogini Shambhavi is one of the most important women gurus coming out of India today and holds many sacred traditions of the Himalayas.
Though called 'American Institute of Vedic Studies,' we have many foreign web visitors, particularly from India, and address special topics relevant to India and its heritage. Our webmaster is located in Goa, India, which gives our site a special India flavor and language.
Connecting with the Vedic Institute
As our work is educational and web-based, you can easily connect with us through the internet, including our over one hundred on-line articles as well as four on-line courses relative to Ayurvedic Healing; Ayurvedic Astrology; Yoga, Ayurveda, Mantra and Meditation; and Integral Vedic Counseling. You can also find information on our over forty published books going into twenty-five languages worldwide, including excerpts and some on-line versions. We are developing a number of on-line audio and video programs as well..
Note that we do not have an on-site center that is open to the public. We do not operate any clinic or store for people to visit, receive treatments or buy products.
Contact Information: Best way to contact us is by email. We do not offer any phone contact without any prior email communication.
American Institute of Vedic Studies
PO Box 8357, Santa Fe NM 87504, USA
Email: email@example.com
We have several special fields of research:
- Vedic Astrology consultations with Yogini Shambhavi Devi.
- Study of Consciousness and the role of Meditation in Yoga and Ayurveda.
- Vedic Counseling programs, integrating Yoga, Ayurveda, Jyotish and counseling work.
- Vedic Yoga and teaching prime Vedic practices of mantra, pranayama and meditation.
- Projection of Vedic knowledge in a modern context for the coming millennium as Sanatana Dharma or the Eternal Tradition.
- Vedic and Tantric mantras and their practical application, connecting to nature and Self-realization.
- Vedic Shaivism: the Integration of Shaivite and Shakti teachings or spiritual Tantra with the older Vedic teachings.
- Studies of Ayurvedic Herbs and Oils, including in Kerala and the Himalayas.
In addition to the above projects, Dr. Frawley has an advisory relationship with the Vedic Management Center and its director U. Mahesh Prabhu. The Center covers personal, group and business management, with services for individuals, groups and organizations. Go to the VMC website for more information.
The background and philosophy of the American Institute of Vedic Studies can be understood by the following presentations of Vedic Knowledge and Hindu (Sanatana) Dharma.
Vedic Knowledge
The Vedas are a vast set of spiritual teachings dating from the dawn of history. They consist of the mantras of numerous great Himalayan yogis and seers, who were said to have founded the spiritual paths for humanity at the beginning of this world-age over ten thousand years ago. The Vedas are the origin of Hindu religion and culture and have influenced religions and philosophies all over the world. The Vedas contain the basis for the spiritual traditions of India that arose in the Himalayan region, including those of Yoga, Vedanta, Puranas, Tantra, Ayurveda and Vedic astrology. The Vedas also contain keys to the Pre-Christian traditions of all Indo-European peoples – the Greeks, Romans, Celts, Germans and Slavs – whose ancient languages and cultures resemble the Vedic. The Vedas reflect the ancient solar religions and enlightenment traditions that once dominated the world from Mexico to China.
As such, the Vedas represent the ancient global spiritual culture and yogic approach to life behind the earliest mystical traditions of the world and our deepest spiritual heritage as a species. The Vedas are centered in the deepest spiritual and self knowledge – the unity of the individual soul with the Divine. They teach us that there is only One Self in the universe, in which is bliss and liberation from the cycle of karma and rebirth. Vedic knowledge expands from this central point to help us understand the meaning of our entire existence on all levels including the physical body and the world of nature. The Vedas present the mantric key behind the entire process of cosmogenesis, but this key is cryptic and requires special insight and instruction in order to access it. Vedic science represents an integral spiritual science, necessary to bring about a truly harmonious global civilization. It provides both knowledge of our True Self as well as that of the conscious universe in which we live, revealing all the secrets of nature and natural law. As such, it is probably the most important body of knowledge for all humanity.
The Four Vedas
The Rig Veda is the oldest of the four Vedas and presents the key wisdom of the ancient Rishis. It reflects the power of the Divine Word or universal mantra. It is the most important Vedic text that all the others derive from or are based upon. The Yajur Veda presents the Vedic ritual, which inwardly is a practice of Yoga involving speech, breath and mind. About a third of it are mantras from the Rig Veda. The Sama Veda is the Veda of music and song showing the ecstasy of Self-realization. It consists entirely of Rig Veda mantras set to a different and more complex chants. The Atharva Veda provides additional special mantric insights for particular issues including healing. It contains many mantras from both Rig and Yajur Vedas, as well as many of its own.
The Brahmanas and Aranyakas, Upanishads and Gita
The Brahmanas provide ritualistic interpretations of Vedic mantras that also reflect yogic and mantric practices, much like the Yajur Veda. The Aranyakas extend this knowledge on a meditational level. There are numerous and long Brahmana texts, notably Taittiriya and Satapatha, but only a few Aranyakas, notably Taittiriya and Aitareya.[/One_Half]
The Upanishads are clearest and most understandable portion of the mysterious Vedas. They present the spiritual secret of the Vedas, the knowledge of the Supreme Self or Divine I-am. They contain many yogic secrets as well. There are over a dozen old Upanishads of the late Vedic period with over a hundred Upanishads from later times.
Vedangas and Vedic Astrology
There are six limbs of the Vedas of which the most important is Jyotish or Astrology. The others are Chandas (Meter), Nirukta (Etymology), Shiksha (Pronunciation), Vyakarana (Grammar), and Kalpa (Ritual). Most of these deal with sound and mantra. Vedic astrology unfolds the entire science of time and karma, making it essential for our right living both individually and collectively. Knowledge of our birth chart through Vedic astrology helps us navigate through the winding streams of our karma toward the timeless goal of our soul. Jyotish has its own vast literature like the Brihat Parashara Hora Shastra or the works of Varaha Mihira.
Upavedas and Ayurveda
There are four Upavedas or Secondary Vedas of which the most important is Ayurveda or Vedic medicine. The others are Dhanur Veda (martial arts), Sthapatya Veda (Architecture) and Gandharva Veda (Music). Ayurveda is not just a medical system but shows us how to find well-being and harmony in terms of body, mind and soul, covering our entire nature physical, psychological and spiritual. Knowing our individual Ayurvedic constitution and the appropriate life-style for it we can maximize all the potentials of our being and attain the full life of our soul. Ayurveda has many classical texts like Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, and the Ashtanga Hridaya of Vagbhatta.
Yoga is the practice of Vedic knowledge that develops our inner faculties through meditation, leading us ultimately to Self-realization. While there are many forms of Yoga, the main classical system is the eightfold or Ashtanga system which constitutes the Raja Yoga of Patanjali. This in turn reflects older traditions found in the Mahabharata, Puranas, Upanishads and Vedas. Raja Yoga is an integral science of asana, pranayama, mantra and meditation based upon dharmic living principles. Its popular physical side in the West today is only its outer aspect.
Vedanta is the practical philosophy that arises from the Upanishads and systematizes their teachings. Its Advaita or non-dualistic form, such as found in the works of Shankaracharya, teaches the unity of the soul (Jiva) and the Creator (Ishvara) in the Supreme Self (Paramatman) or Absolute (Brahman) beyond time, space and karma. Devotional philosophies of Vedanta, like those of Ramanuja, Madhva and Chaitanya, emphasize the Divine as the Supreme Person (Purushottama).
These are encyclopedias of sacred knowledge and stories, covering all aspects of life and culture. There are about twenty Puranas and two Itihasas, the Mahabharata and Ramayana, the stories of Krishna and Rama. Yoga, Vedanta, Ayurveda and Jyotish are common topics in them, often explained in great detail. The Puranas are probablly the most extensive and profound yet neglected spiritual literature coming out of India.
Tantra is a profound yogic path of ritual, mantra, and meditation. It centers on the devotional worship of Lord Shiva and his consort, the Goddess or Divine Mother. Real Tantra is concerned with the integration of male and female energies in the psyche through internal yogic practices. The sexual Tantra popular in the West is only the lower side of this greater system.
Tantric insights and practices are important in Yoga, Ayurveda and Vedic astrology. The worship of the Ten Great Wisdom Forms of the Goddess (Dasha Mahavidya) is one of the key Tantric practices, as is the Sri Vidya or knowledge of Sri Yantra.
Hinduism (Sanatana Dharma)
The following definition of Hinduism comes from the Supreme Court of India:
- Acceptance of the Vedas with reverence as the highest authority in religious and philosophical matters and the Vedas as interpreted by Hindu thinkers and philosophers as the sole foundation of Hindu philosophy.
- Spirit of tolerance and willingness to understand and appreciate the opponent's point of view based on the realization that truth is many-sided.
- Acceptance by all six systems of Hindu philosophy (Nyaya, Vaiseshika, Samkhya, Yoga, Vedanta and Mimamsa) of a great world rhythm, vast periods of creation, maintenance and dissolution that follow each other in endless succession.
- Acceptance by all systems of Hindu philosophy of rebirth and preexistence of the soul.
- Recognition of the fact that the means or ways to liberation are many.
- Realization of the truth that though the Gods to be worshiped may be many, yet there are also Hindus who do not believe in the worship of images.
- Unlike other religions or religious creeds the Hindu religion is not tied down to any final set of philosophical concepts or beliefs as such.


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Inside conservative fold, Perry talks of indictment, immigration
Texas Gov. Rick Perry, fresh from his recent indictment on charges of abusing the powers of his office, told a conservative audience Thursday that the "porous" southern border provides an entry point for Islamic terrorists to strike in the United States.
"Certainly there is great concern that the border between the U.S. and Mexico is unsecure, and we don't know who's using that," the Republican chief executive said at a panel discussion about immigration at the Heritage Foundation, a conservative research center.
"I think there is a very real possibility that they have already used that," he added, but offered no evidence.
Perry, who's said to be weighing a second run at the White House after his disastrous, short-lived campaign in 2012, used his keynote speech at the panel to lambaste Democrats and slough off his recent felony charges in a politically charged Texas case that involves his office and a local district attorney.
The charges stem from his call for Travis County District Attorney Rosemary Lehmberg, a Democrat, to resign after she was convicted last year of drunk driving. When she didn't, he vetoed a $7.5 million allocation for the public integrity unit of her office. A grand jury indicted him last week on charges of coercing a public servant and abusing his official capacity. He was booked this week and his unusual mug shot, a tight smile stretched across his face, became an Internet sensation.
His supporters have called the Perry probe a political witch hunt, and it's served as a rallying point. Even some prominent Democrats have questioned the legal basis for going after the governor, who will have been the state's longest-serving chief executive when he steps down next year and who's studiously gone about revamping his swaggering, cowboy-booted image in preparation for a possible presidential run.
The discussion Thursday about the exploding immigration crisis at the U.S.-Mexico border ranged from amnesty plans to the effects on the U.S economy. But even the panelists acknowledged the packed auditorium was probably more interested in Perry himself.
"Have you ever seen anyone look as relaxed and happy in their mugshot as Gov. Rick Perry?" panelist Rich Lowry, the editor of National Review, a conservative political magazine, said before introducing the Texan.
Perry wasted little time before addressing the charges.
"There are a few public officials who have taken issue with an exercise of my constitutional veto authority," he said. "I am very confident in my case and I can assure you that I will fight this attack of our system of government. . . . I aim to defend our Constitution and stand up for the rule of law in the state of Texas."
He said the case was nothing more than political fodder, citing critical comments from David Axelrod, a former top political strategist to President Barack Obama, and Alan Dershowitz, a prominent liberal legal scholar.
"All say that this is sketchy, outrageous, totalitarian and McCarthyite. I agree with them," Perry said. "And that's just on the Democrat side of the aisle."
The governor did eventually get to the panel's main topic, though he used the immigration debate more as a vehicle to attack the White House than to lay out a clear border strategy. Noting that Obama declined his invitation last month to visit the Texas-Mexico border, he said, "To this day, the president has yet to see the facts on the ground at our southern border, even though they are a direct consequence of his policies."


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Swimming Pool Blog
by Rob Cox, November 1, 2013
Partial Pool Winterization
Winters ain't what they used to be. Global warming means that the planet is getting a few degrees warmer - and it also means that these temperature differences produce some extreme weather, in odd times of the year.
If you're a sunbelter, with a swimming pool where you don't normally winterize, you have to be vigilant and alert to the potential for sudden temperature dips, into freezing cold territory.
If the pool pumps aren't running when 32° hits - you can quickly suffer very expensive repairs that can range from a few hundred dollars for small systems, to thousands of dollars for more complicated pool systems.
In the past few years, sunbelt states have seen more snow and more freezing temperatures than normal. This year is no exception. According to Almanac.com's Long Range Forecast, the Southeast and Deep South areas of the country will be colder and snowier this year.
|"Winter will be colder than normal, with below-normal precipitation and snowfall in all but the northernmost part of the region. The coldest periods will occur in early to mid- and late December and in early to mid- and late February. The snowiest periods across the north will be in late December, mid- to late January, and in early to mid- and late February." - Almanac.com
So, faced with more opportunity for freeze damage, especially December - February, maybe you'd rather close the pool this year. You'll save money on chemicals and pump run time, and avoid a possibly terribly expensive freeze damage repair.
The Partial Pool Closing (aka - Sunbelt Pool Winterization)
Are you ready to close the pool? Maybe not yet. Wait until the water temperature is below 60 degrees, and most all of the leaves have fallen from nearby deciduous trees. To get ready, order a winter chemical kit, and some winter freeze plugs so you have everything on hand.
Lower the Water Level
After balancing the pool, shocking and cleaning the pool thoroughly, you are ready to lower the water level, 8-12 inches below the skimmer opening.
Sand and DE filters can use backwashing to lower the level, as long as you can close off or plug the skimmer, to continue pumping lower than the skimmer.
A siphon set up can work as well, although it's painfully slow. A small submersible pump is also a good option for lowering the pool water.
Winterize the Pool Equipment
Shut off the power to the pump at the breaker, and remove the drain plugs on your pool pump, filter, and heater if you have one.
Use a blower/vac, or a strong wet/dry vac to blow water from the skimmer into the pump, where it can drain out (remove the pump lid). Blow air back to the main drain and when it bubbles, close off the main drain valve.
Now push the hose into the pump to blow air through the filter and heater and back to the pool returns. Use freeze plugs on the skimmers and returns to seal them up.
Add Winter Pool Chemicals
A winter kit is a simple way to get enough chemicals for your pool size. Our chemical floaters contain no chlorine, so they won't stain your pool. Also included is a Winter Algaecide, Winter Shock and Winter Stain Away.
Pool Antifreeze, is a non-toxic antifreeze for use when you aren't sure that all of the water is out of the pipes. Just pour it into the skimmer, or use a hose to drain it into the return lines or main drain pipe.
What about the Pool Cover? The "bean counters" upstairs aren't going to like to hear this, but in the true "partial winterization" the pool is not covered. That's what's "partial" about it. The plumbing and equipment is protected, but the pool - although chemically protected, has nothing to block sun and debris.
In most cases, a pool closed for 3 months won't fill with too many leaves, especially if you've done fall clean-up and the area around the pool is fairly clean. If you plan to winterize for 4-6 months however, a winter pool cover would be a wise investment, and if there are children nearby, use a safety pool cover.
A great alternative to the expense and hassle of a proper winter cover, is a Leaf Net. These are normally used on top of a solid winter pool cover, to allow the pool owner to pull off all the leaves in one easy motion. It can be used by itself however, stretched tight across the pool and staked to the grommets, to keep leaves and debris (except for very small bits) from getting in the pool during winter. Rain and snow pass right through, so no need for pumping and dredging to clean, just pull it off the pool and shake it off. Very lightweight and strong.
So, there you have it - just THREE steps to a Partial Pool Closing. If you have any questions regarding specific winterization instruction specific to your pool, give us a call!
- Rob


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I can't seem to get pictures to load in terminals when making maps - I'm using OBED. I also have Terminal Editor One, which I haven't dug into much, but can't seem to get pics working through that either.
So, with OBED - I've searched the forum, and I've googled it, all I've come up with for an answer is that you'd have to either import a bmp (a specifically 8-bit uncompressed bmp) or "append level" and get them that way. The picture will then be added to the scenario as if it were a level of it's own. Then input the level ID# for that picture in "Picture ID" (within the terminal editor in OBED).
But neither way give me a picture within the terminal in the game, it reads "picture # not found".
Any ideas of what I'm doing wrong? Do the images have to be a certain size (and what is that size?)


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Iron man Cal Ripkin Jr. isn't the only one with an unforgettable number. The baseball hall of famer played in 2,632 consecutive games.
Two county students have their own streaks within their respective school hallways.
For 12 years, Andrew Jackson High School's Jordan Truesdale and Buford High School's Lauren Bradburn managed to make it out of bed every day and go to class. That equals to 2,160 consecutive school days for each of them.
Neither of them have missed a day of school since the first grade.
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Life In Damascus: Plenty Of Food, Not Enough Electricity
The author is a Syrian citizen who is not being identified for security reasons.
When I have taken breaks from the conflict in Syria and gone to neighboring Lebanon, I have usually returned with all the things that were in short supply in Damascus: bread, yogurt and tissue paper, to name just a few items.
This time, all I had to bring back was cat food, the high-quality type, because the regular stuff was available at grocers around Damascus, albeit for twice the usual price.
This is not to say that all is well in the Syrian capital.
But many food shortages have eased lately, thanks to years of food self-sufficiency in Syria and some recent help with fuel from Iran and Iraq.
For years, Syria has focused on growing its own food. Wheat and produce were among the country's main exports in 2010, the year before the beginning of the uprising turned civil war.
Produce Stores Are Well-Stocked
Today, as the conflict approaches the two-year mark, this food policy seems to be paying off.
On a recent stroll through the fruit and vegetable market in downtown Damascus, locally grown apples and oranges sat along the more exotic but also local ashta fruit and kharma, which looks like a tomato but tastes very sweet.
Just a few weeks ago, such abundance would have been unusual. Major food shortages had left middle-class Damascenes stranded in the bread lines for hours.
That was mainly because of a shortage of fuel, not flour.
Now, after fuel exchanges with Iran and Iraq, the bread ovens in Damascus churn out enough pita bread to meet local demand.
Recent media reports have documented monthly supplies of fuel oil coming from Baghdad. Also, reports suggest that Iran and Syria have arranged a gasoline-for-diesel swap to help mitigate the international sanctions against them.
Many merchants credit this fuel injection for helping transport and deliver food to the capital.
But there is an electricity shortage.
A typical household in Damascus now suffers six hours or more of electricity cuts every day. Damaged power stations throughout the city no longer provide for commercial districts. Many shops in the city now have a small generator in front of their door to produce electricity.
Meanwhile, a pharmacist explained how Syria's ongoing conflict continues to produce shortages of prescription drugs.
"Especially if they used to come from a factory in Aleppo," he said.
"Then chances are we don't have them anymore, because most of the factories there have burnt down."
Damascus Better Off Than Most Cities
Damascenes know that their city is the final frontier in the civil war, which has ravaged many parts of the country.
In Homs, rebel-held pockets have been under siege for many months. People inside these areas have had little access to food or medicine, and they sustain themselves on handouts of staple foods from rebels.
In Aleppo, the country's commercial hub, the city is now divided into government-held and rebel-held areas and the front lines have changed little in recent months.
Rebels control a few small areas inside Damascus and a growing number of suburbs. Regime forces continuously shell these restive areas, using fighter jets and missile batteries placed on surrounding hilltops, producing booms and blasts heard throughout Damascus.
Civilians have largely fled these embattled areas, and many ended up with family in relatively calm central Damascus, which is under government control.
But even here, numerous roadblocks, menacing checkpoints and the constant threat of kidnapping prevents many from doing even basic things, like going to work. Many households have had a major loss of income, with inflation squeezing their budget even tighter.
As the winter settles in, a shortage of heating oil persists. When found, it sells for more than $2,000 to fill up a large household tank of a little more than 500 gallons — a price prohibitively expensive for most people.
Many Damascenes continue to flee this hardship, joining hundreds of thousands who have already left Syria. With the Damascus airport closed, the main way out is by road to Lebanon.
On my recent return back from Lebanon, I saw cars standing bumper to bumper at the border, waiting their turn to depart Syria. Some had mattresses on their roofs and had packed so many nonperishable foods in their trunks that they would not close.
For those unable or unwilling to leave their home in Damascus, they try to go about life as usual. Families go out for a fast meal, and children play in public parks.
But there is no escaping the brutal reality that unfolds every day. Death notices, plastered as fliers on city walls, are more numerous than ever before.
One such notice went up on Tuesday, shortly after I arrived home. It mourned the loss of a husband and wife, along with their two young daughters and son. They had perished in clashes just outside the city.


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This is in response to a recent article about the Friends of Indian Land (FOIL) published in The Lancaster News. According to one of the Lancaster County Council members, FOIL members do really good research. It seems to me that they didn't do any research on the housing development that they chose to live in. If they had, they would have known that it is built next door to an industrial park.
I think it is a waste of taxpayer money for the county to spend on some dumb study just to please these people.
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How to Use the Images Photo 1
Photo 1
ca. 1891.
Questions for Photos 4
1. This photo shows binders used to tie harvested wheat into bundles. How many can you identify?
2. These machines were only used during the months of August and September. Some farmers owned their own equipment while others hired threshing crews that moved from farm to farm. What do you think would be the advantages and disadvantages of each method?
3. Bonanza farms grew nothing but wheat. What would be the advantages of doing this? What would be the disadvantages?
* The image on this screen has a resolution of 72 dots per inch (dpi), and therefore will print poorly. You can obtain a larger version of Photo 4, but be aware that the file will take as much as 30 seconds to load with a 28.8K modem.