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You know you can expect an impressive level of quality, as Hôtel Louis 2 has 4 stars. Mobility is facilitated by the presence of nearby Saint Germain des Pres metro station. From this location you can easily reach Pantheon for a visit. Le Parc de Bercy is one fun-filled destination in the near vicinity. Museums in the near surroundings include Louvre and Institut du Monde Arabe.
Hôtel Louis 2 complements its selection of bedrooms with common areas including a bar/lounge and a library. Services you can enjoy during your stay are, for example, a concierge service, a luggage storage and a dry cleaning/laundry service. This is a great accommodation for business guests due to the presence of a secretarial service on site. If your visit is incomplete without being able to share it, this may be the place for you: pets are also welcome. Select one of the 22 rooms for your stay.
The rooms in Hôtel Louis 2 are air conditioned. Guests here benefit from wireless high-speed Internet access (complimentary). Amongst the kitchen utilities there is a coffee/tea maker.
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By wherald
The Battle of Franklin Trust has announced the 40th Annual Carter House Candlelight Tour sponsored by First Farmers and Merchants Bank, Williamson Medical Center and Signature Transportation Services. The Candlelight Tour will showcase homes in historic Franklin Friday, Nov. 30 and Saturday, Dec. 1, 6-9:30 p.m.
This year's tour will include the following homes:
1. Adgent House, 123 Lewisburg Ave.
2. Stewart House, 201 Lewisburg Ave.
3. North-Nance House, 206 Lewisburg Ave.
4. Drs. North-Miller House, 208 Lewisburg Ave.
5. Mills-Crosby-Jewell House, 211 Lewisburg Ave.
6. Stubblefield House, 219 Lewisburg Ave.
7. Ross House, 220 Lewisburg Ave.
Additionally, The Carter House, Carnton Plantation and Lotz House will be on the tour, portraying stories of The Battle of Franklin on its anniversary, Nov. 30 and will be decorated in period holiday style Dec. 1.
In making the announcement, The President of the Board of Directors of The Carter House, Ed Underwood said, "The Candlelight Tour has been a Franklin tradition for 39 years. This year, we are thrilled to feature homes on Lewisburg Avenue, some of which date back to the 1890s. We want to thank the co-chairs of this tour, Sally Nance and Ruthann Ross, who have organized a memorable event."
Ticket prices are $25 in advance or $30 starting Nov. 30. Advance tickets may be purchased at www.battleoffranklintrust.org beginning Nov. 1.
Because there is no street parking on Lewisburg Avenue, guests must park at The Carter House or Carnton Plantation. Free shuttles will pick up from these locations and drop off on Lewisburg Avenue where each home is accessible by foot.
This event serves as a fundraiser for the Battle of Franklin Trust that manages The Carter House and Carnton Plantation.
The Carter House, completed in 1830 by Fountain Branch Carter, is an example of an antebellum farm home. The house was caught in some of the bloodiest hours of the Civil War during the Battle of Franklin, Nov. 30, 1864, and still bears the marks of the bullet damage today. Four original structures from the once nearly 300-acre farm still stand at the site today as the most battle damaged buildings from the Civil War.
Carnton Plantation, originally owned by John and Carrie McGavock, holds a special place in history as a hospital during the days and weeks that followed the Battle of Franklin on Nov. 30, 1864. Close to 10,000 American soldiers were killed, wounded, captured or counted as missing during the five hour battle. Nearly 7,000 out of the 10,000 were Confederate soldiers.
The Carter House and Carnton Plantation are open Monday through Saturday from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. and on Sunday from noon to 5 p.m.
The Battle of Franklin Trust is a 501(c)3 management corporation acting on behalf of Franklin's battlefield sites to contribute to a greater understanding and enrich the visitor experience of the Nov. 30, 1864 battle. It's organized for the charitable and educational purposes of preserving, restoring, maintaining and interpreting the properties, artifacts and documents related to the battle so as to preserve an important part of the nation's history. Learn more at www.battleoffranklintrust.org or call 615-794-0903.
Posted on: 10/30/2012
WILLIAMSON HERALD :: 1117 Columbia Avenue :: P.O. Box 681359 :: Franklin, TN 37068615.790.6465, phone :: 615.790.7551, fax ::firstname.lastname@example.com
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The Widow Waltz
Sally Koslow - Author
ePub eBook | $14.99 | add to cart | view cart
ISBN 9781101622728 | 352 pages | 13 Jun 2013 | Viking Adult
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Summary of The Widow Waltz Summary of The Widow Waltz Reviews for The Widow Waltz An Excerpt from The Widow Waltz
Chosen by People and USA Today as a Great Summer Read
Georgia Waltz has an enviable life: a plush Manhattan apartment, a Hamptons beach house, two bright twenty-something daughters, and a seemingly perfect marriage. But when Ben dies suddenly, she discovers that her perfect lawyer-husband has left them nearly penniless. As Georgia scrambles to support the family, she and her daughters plumb for the grit required to reinvent their lives, and Georgia even finds that new love is possible in the land of Spanx.
Inspiring, funny, and deeply satisfying, The Widow Waltz is a compulsively readable tale of forgiveness, healing, and the bonds between mothers and daughters.
Praise for The Widow Waltz:
***Chosen by People magazine, USA Today, More, and Real Simple as a Great Summer Read***
"Witty and insightful."
—People magazine (A Great Summer Read Pick)
"Lovers of breezy beach reads . . . will enjoy the journey."
—Real Simple
"This heartfelt, witty addition to women's fiction will appeal to fans of Elizabeth Berg and Anna Quindlen."
"Well-written, page-turning domestic fiction about a family's reinvention and healing that will attract fans of Elizabeth Berg."
—Library Journal
"Wry and funny."
—More magazine (A Summer Book Pick)
"An inspirational piece about rising up to meet challenges, valuing family, and finding independence, inner strength and new perspectives. . . . Those of you looking for a breezy summer book should thoroughly enjoy Koslow's latest effort."
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text: 15/09/13 #beatles #fan #badge badge beatles fan 22/09/13 Sod hipster cassettes, real audiophiles know where it's at. #8track #beatles #thefuture beatles 8track thefuture 29/09/13 Sgt. Pepper Sargeant pe The Beatles Beatles Pepper Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band sergeant pepper About Lojinx is a British record company and music publisher. This is our blog. RSS feed Random Archive Mobile Search Music Twitter Follow @lojinx Lojinx Tweets Facebook Likes Photo via garethjones electrogenetic: Popol Vuh. Affenstunde. How amazing that listening to this is doing my job. Photo via garethjones Photo via tmbgareokWe are excited to announce over 150 formal entries in the Am I Awake video contest. Congratulations to all the participants—they are all awesome! It...Photo via tmbgareok Video via shervinfoto behind of scenes of my shoot today with the amazing Nina Persson of the cardigansVideo via shervinfoto Photo via sallyseltmannmusicBehind the scenes on the 'Billy' film clip in @romancewasborn Photo by Richard DobsonPhoto via sallyseltmannmusic Photo via sallyseltmannmusicDirector Nelson Alves and the incredible team on the 'Billy' shoot day. Photo by Richard DobsonPhoto via sallyseltmannmusic


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Narrow your search
Microsoft's former CEO Steve Ballmer came to Oxford today to give a talk, and he was mistaken for his predecessor Bill Gates.
Amazon VP Peter Larsen, who unveiled Fire TV today, tells CNET that flawless performance was his team's chief objective. Other boxes, he says, are "self-important" for expecting consumers to settle.
Set your email app to forward messages from a particular sender to your phone's SMS address automatically.
CNET's measuring input lag, but how important a measurement is it?
Do they really work? And can you score even bigger savings than you thought? Spoiler alert: yes and yes.
Apple called Samsung's early phones 'slavish' copies, but the S3 saw the company blossom into a major innovator. Adventures in Tech explains.
Twitter is loved by famous people -- something it's counting on to keep driving its business as an unsuspecting rival grows up.
The 55-250mm f3.5-5.6 STM fills a big hole for the dual-lens kit devotees of the company's latest Rebel models.
A new U.K. study shows that the only activity to rival Internet access for men is sex.
At the World Economic Forum, a Twitter leaderboard is giving the planet's most elite a way to see who's leading the conversation. Cue the snark.


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Valentine's Day may be a week away, on Tuesday, February 14. But there are a slew of events leading up to it around the South Bay and Santa Cruz. Whether single or coupled, enjoy one of the many VDay themed activities throughout the area -- including savoring handmade chocolate, dancing the night away, and getting crafty making cards.
MILPITAS: Valentine's Day Party for Desi Singles
Time/Place: Sun. Feb. 12, 6:30 p.m. to 11 p.m., Chandni Restaurant in nearby Newark, 5748 Mowry School Rd.
What: Don't have a honey this VDay? No problem, especially for Desi singles, who can mingle over Bollywood music, fun party games, and last but not least delicious food.
Cost: women $25; men $50
Time/Place: 5 to 7 p.m., , 20955 Stevens Creek Blvd
What: If you want to make your sweetie some chocolate (and strawberry and shortbread) treats, or just indulge yourself, this is the class for you.
Cost: $15
Time/Place: 6 p.m. to 8:30 p.m., Northwest YMCA, 20803 Alves Drive
What: Here's a charitable event for all ages to dance the evening away. Proceeds will go to the giving campaign of the YMCA.
Cost: $5 plus extra for food
Time/Place: Sat., Feb. 11, 9 a.m. to 12 p.m., begins at , Gilman Ave. and E. Campbell Ave.
What: If you want to work off all the chocolate you'll be consuming later, and have a good time, this 10K run is for you. You'll weave through the Campbell Par Course, Los Gatos Creek Trail, Lark Avenue.
Cost: $30 for adults, $15 for children, to register.
Time/Place: Sat. and Sun., Feb. 11 and 12, 12:00 pm to 4 pm at the Solis Winery, 3920 Hecker Pass Road
What: Sample five decadent chocolates from the DeBrito Chocolate Factory matched with Solis' wine
Cost: $10
Time/Place: Sat., Feb. 11, 7 p.m. to 10 p.m., 9Lives Club, 7430 Monterey Street
What: The South County Derby Girls will host a night of dancing and live music featuring the Melting Horses.
Cost: $10
Time/Place: Wed., Feb. 8, 11 a.m. to 2 p.m., , 127 Main Street, Los Altos, CA
What: Receive a signature portrait with an added touch for Valentine's Day: a customized greeting card.
Cost: $49 entry fee gets you a 20 minute session and a downloadable Valentine Card. A portion of every fee will be donated to the Los Altos Community Foundation!
Time/Place: Sun., Feb. 12, 1 p.m. to 3 p.m. (15980 Los Gatos Boulevard)
What: Pile on the sprinkles at this festive event that's fun for kids and adults. Learn how to bake, and create, your own unique cookies.
Cost: Free, but a $1 donation benefits the Live Oak Senior Nutrition Center.
Time/Place: Fri., Feb. 10, 6 p.m. to 8 p.m., , 1400 Terra Bella Ave.
What: Want to announce how you feel about your loved one to the world (or at least community)? KTMV will be taping a night of VDay shout-outs, in which every person has 15 seconds to record their greeting. First come, first served.
Price: Free
Time/Place: Sun., Feb. 12, 12 p.m. to 3 p.m., , 1710 41st Ave.
What: Planning on staying in and cooking up a tasty meal on Feb. 14? Staffers will be on hand to advise you on recipes and the aphrodisiacs er, ingredients, that go into them.
Cost: Free
Time/Place: Sat., Feb. 11, 12-5 p.m., Bookshop Santa Cruz (1520 Pacific Ave)
What: If you're looking for a more literary celebration of VDay, look no further than Bookshop Santa Cruz! Couples will answer questions about their beloved, before writers create a customized a love letter or poem on a typewriter for them.
Cost: Free
Time/Place: Sat., Feb. 11, 8 to 10 p.m., Center Stage, 1001 Center Street
What: Hast thou a desire to learn about the many faucets of love through eight centuries? Join a stellar cast for this musical and theatrical performance.
Cost: The event is free, but donations are encouraged through the theater's website.
Time/Place: Sat., Feb. 11, 12 p.m.-4:30 p.m., , 2346 Bean Creek Road
What: Simultaneously savor decadent wines and sweets, not limited to chocolates, caramels, and truffles.
Cost: $15/tasting.
Time/Place: Feb. 14, 2:30 to 5 p.m., , 275 Main Street
What: When the big VDay does roll around, get crafty making cards for your friends and family.
Cost: Free


text: An elegant luxury toile bedding collection in a light color scheme of tans and off-white, the Mystic Valley Traders Hingham bedding ensemble will transform your bedroom into serene and delightful retreat. Available in twin, full, queen, and king sizes, the Mystic Valley Traders Hingham bed in a bag includes a duvet cover, European shams, standard shams, and a bolster pillow. The duvet cover features a toile design in a light color scheme of tans and off-white depicting buildings on a cliff portraying an atmosphere of serenity. The duvet cover ties in all four corners. Standard shams mirror the duvet covers toile design in coordinating colors accented with a petite flange. European shams are in off-white complemented with a tan border. The bolster pillow also reflects the duvet covers design with matching colors complemented with a tan band and accented with a tan ribbon. All shams and pillows include a hidden zipper.


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Britain's Prince William and his wife arrived in Singapore on Tuesday (Sept 11) as part of a South-east Asian and Pacific tour for the Queen's Diamond Jubilee.
To commemorate the occasion, The New Paper's Hed Chef Hedy Khoo and Chef Peter Neo of Pietro Ristorante Italiano, got together and came up with a list of iconic dishes with a princely twist.
In addition, we picked two newsroom interns and gave them a royal makeover.
We also spoke to fans of Prince William and his wife, Ms Kate Middleton, the Duchess of Cambridge.


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Wednesday, July 09, 2008
Monday, June 23, 2008
Thursday, May 17, 2007
third arm impressive. Apparently Stelarc is moving on to other appendages.
Performance artist Stelarc implants "third ear" in forearm - Engadget
Does the ear hear or does Stelarc?"Picking up where the Vacanti mouse left off, Australian performance artist Stelarc went through with his plans to implant a cell-cultivated ear beneath the skin of his forearm earlier this year, and he's now showing off the results for the world to squirm at. Stelarc apparently isn't satisfied with his newfound appendage just yet, however, and is reportedly planning another surgery to give the ear "more definition." What's more, he's also hoping to implant a microphone inside the ear that'll use a Bluetooth transmitter to, you guessed it, broadcast what it hears over the Internet."
Performance artist Stelarc implants "third ear" in forearm - Engadget
Sunday, October 29, 2006
Forugh Farrokhzad yesterday. A popular poet in Iran during the fifties and sixties, she died at age 32 in a 1967 car accident. She was born in a middle class family, studied painting and sewing, and later film. In 1963 she wrote and directed the film The House is Black. Her work is remarkably emotional given the constraints of Iranian society in the time in which she wrote. Notwithstanding those constraints, she was both feminist and social commentator. In the example below, I particularly appreciate her refusal to tie love to social conventions.
Conquest Of The Garden
That crow which flew over our heads
and descended into the disturbed thought
of a vagabond cloud
and the sound of which traversed t
he breadth of the horizon
like a short spear
will carry the news of us to the city.
[ Read More... ]


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Featuring photographs and commentary by: Tim Hetherington, Aaron Huey, Moises Saman, and Beth Wald. This selection of portfolios is pulled from Issue 8, offering a taste of what's in Daylight Magazine's most recent print edition.
Featuring portfolios by: Eren Aytuğ, Adam Broomberg & Oliver Chanarin, Teru Kuwayama & Balazs Gardi, Tim Hetherington, Aaron Huey, Yannis Kontos, Seamus Murphy, Moises Saman, Lana Slezic, Veronique de Viguerie, Farzana Wahidy, Beth Wald. Together these photographers depict Afghanistan with a focused intimacy not typically presented in mainstream media coverage.
The Battlespace Project includes narration from photographer Michael Kamber and veteran Joseph White along with the music of Michael A Miracle. This podcast produced in collaboration with November Eleven.


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Program Information
- Management
- Goals and Background
- The Science of LCLUC
- Program Priorities
- Future Directions
- Application Themes
- Program Brochures
- Photo Gallery
Dr. Garik Gutman
Program ManagerNASA Headquarters
Send e-mail
The LCLUC Program was designed to be a cross cutting theme within NASA's Earth Science. Aspects of Land-Cover and Land-Use Change research can be found throughout the Earth Science Programs, with an emphasis reflecting the program element under which they are funded e.g. hydrology, ecology or biogeochemistry. LCLUC research can also be found in the NASA Earth interdisciplinary science (IDS), and in various data initiatives. A number of the NASA Graduate Fellowships and New Investigators are provided each year to support LCLUC and related research.
A major challenge for the program management is to pull together the various LCLUC activities in a way that minimizes duplication, strengthens the science and exposes the science community to the research findings that are generated in different parts of the program.
The LCLUC Program has a special place in NASA Earth Science in developing interdisciplinary approaches combining aspects of physical and social science, with a high level of societal relevance. The LCLUC Program has always had close program links to the NASA Satellite Instrument Teams pertinent to land-cover and land-use characterization and in particular with the Landsat Program, which is being jointly implemented with the USGS.
At the interagency level and as part of USGCRP, LCLUC is its own program element with linkages to the US Carbon and Water initiatives. LCLUC is already addressing questions being raised by the new initiative on Climate Vulnerability, Impacts and Adaptation. Partnerships have been developed with other agencies, such as USAID and scientists from the USFS, NOAA and USGS are often funded by the LCLUC program. The program management is interested in strengthening interagency collaboration to further our understanding of land-cover and land-use change and its interaction with climate and environment.
At the international level the LCLUC program is aligned with the goals of the IGBP/IHDP Global Land Project (GLP) and a number of participants in that programs are funded through LCLUC. The LCLUC program is a major supporter of the Global Observation of Forest Cover-Global Observation of Land Dynamics (GOFC- GOLD) program which is part of the Global Terrestrial Observing System (GTOS). LCLUC has been instrumental in the development of regional science network programs in the framework of GOFC-GOLD, NEESPI and MAIRS. The LCLUC program also has strong connections to CEOS through its Working Group on Calibration and Validation, specifically Land Product Validation subgroup, and to the Land Surface Imaging Constellation.
Introduction and Strategy Overview
The Land-Cover/Land-Use Change Program (LCLUC) Program was initiated as a cross-cutting scientific research theme within NASA's Earth Science. It currently falls within NASA's Carbon Cycle and Ecosystems Focus Research Area, although aspects of land cover and land use research can be found throughout the Earth Science Program, albeit with an emphasis on aspects of the program element under which they are funded e.g. hydrology, biodiversity, carbon cycle or biogeochemistry. LCLUC related research could also be found in the Earth Science interdisciplinary studies (IDS), the NASA Applications Program and in various program data initiatives such as the ESIPS, ACCESS and REASONS. In addition LCLUC research is undertaken in NASA Education Program, through its New Investigator Program (NIP) and graduate level, NASA Earth System Science Fellowships (NESSF). A major challenge for the LCLUC program management is to pull together the various land-cover and land-use research activities from the various programs and help the science community to be aware of the different projects and science results that are being generated in different parts of the program. To this end and since its inception, the program has held annual science team meetings both for scientists funded directly by LCLUC and those undertaking LCLUC research in other parts of the NASA Program to come together and share their findings.
The LCLUC Program has a special place in NASA's Earth Science, in developing interdisciplinary science with a high level of societal relevance. To this end, LCLUC is developing a partnership with the Applications Program which can apply the LCLUC scientific findings to address natural resource management questions, starting with agricultural land use change.
Goals and Background
At the interagency level and as part of the USGCRP, LCLUC is contributing directly to interagency cooperation through the USGCRP (formerly US CCSP) Land Use Land Cover Change (LULCC) Research Element and the related Carbon, Hydrology and Climate Research Elements. NASA LCLUC is already addressing questions being raised by the new initiatives on Vulnerability, Impacts and Adaptation. Over the years, partnerships have been developed with other agencies such as USGS, USFS, USDA and USAID. Scientists from the USFS and USGS are often funded by the LCLUC program through the programs peer-reviewed competitive process. A partnership activity has recently been developed with the USGS around the Global Land Survey (GLS) 2005 and 2010 in providing global orthorectified Landsat-class data. This project is contributing directly to the international GEOSS program. The program has also been supporting a Direct Broadcast initiative at the Goddard Spaceflight Center, which has close partnerships with the NPOESS Integrated Program Office (IPO). The program management is interested in continuing to strengthen interagency and international collaboration on data and research to further our understanding of land cover and land use change.
LCLUC is a global program: global satellite-derived data sets are developed through this program and process and modeling studies are funded in various regions of the World. Involvement of regional scientists in our research projects is strongly encouraged, both to strengthen the studies through the input of regional expertise but also to enhance regional scientist's access NASA assets and policy-makers to benefit from the scientific results and data initiatives. The LCLUC Program has contributed to NASA's regional experiments, such as the Larger Basin experiment for the Amazon (LBA) and the North American Carbon Program (NACP) and USAID's Central Africa Regional Program for the Environment (CARPE). LCLUC has been instrumental in the development of a number of other integrated regional science programs. In particular the integrated land use projects of the LCLUC Program helped significantly with the early development Northern Eurasia Earth Science Partnership Initiative (NEESPI) and the expansion of the Monsoon Asia Integrated Research Study (MAIRS) Program beyond China.
At the international program level the LCLUC program is aligned with the scientific goals of the IGBP/IHDP Global Land Project (GLP) and the Integrated Land Ecosystem-Atmosphere Processes Study (iLEAPS) and a number of contributory projects to those programs are funded by LCLUC. The LCLUC program is a major contributor to the international Global Observation of Forest Cover – Global Observation of Landcover Dynamics (GOFC-GOLD) program which is part of the Global Terrestrial Observing System (GTOS). In particular LCLUC has benefited from and contributed to the GOFC-GOLD Regional Networks. GOFC-GOLD is contributing directly to the GEOSS Program. The LCLUC Program also supports the Fire Project Office of GOFC-GOLD and is contributing to the Land Product Validation (LPV) Working Group of the Committee on Earth Observation Satellites (CEOS).
Key Science Questions
The LCLUC research program focuses on these components in addressing the following key land-use science questions:
- Where are land-cover and land-use changing, what is the extent and over what time scale and how do the changes vary from year to year? (Variability)
- What changes are occurring in global land-cover and land-use, and what are their causes? (Forcing)
- What are the impacts of climate variability and changes on LCLUC and what is the potential feedback? (Responses)
- What are the consequences of changing land-use activities for ecosystems and how do they respond to and affect global environmental change? (Consequences and Responses)
- What are the consequences of land-cover and land-use change for human societies and the sustainability of ecosystems? (Consequences)
- How will land-cover change on time scales from years to centuries? (Prediction)
- What are the projected changes in land-cover and their potential impacts? (Prediction)
LCLUC Science Components
The focus of LCLUC research is on quantifying the location, extent and variability of change, the causes or forcing factors of change, for example, climatic, ecological and socioeconomic drivers, the processes of change and the responses and consequences of change. NASA LCLUC research projects use a combination of space observations, in situ measurements, process studies and numerical modeling. As an interdisciplinary research program, LCLUC fosters strong partnerships between physical and social scientists to develop the integrated science necessary to understand why and how patterns of land-use and land-cover are changing, how they will change in the future and the implications of these changes. LCLUC research crosscuts several other research areas, e.g. climate change and variability, water cycle, carbon cycle, ecosystems and biodiversity, and human contributions and responses to environmental change.
Variability: The current spatial pattern of land-cover is a result of previous and current land-use. Quantifying the location, extent and trends of recent land-cover and land-use change is an important component of land-change science. Satellite systems often provide the only means to inventory land-cover and monitor land-cover change in a timely fashion. NASA has developed procedures for wall-to-wall mapping of land-cover and spatially explicit monitoring of land-cover change. Systematic long-term observations of land-cover are essential to enable scientists to quantify the rates of change and their variability over time. Establishing consistent long-term data records of land-cover is an important objective for the LCLUC Program.
Forcing: To make a projection of how land-cover will change in the future and to be able to better manage land-use it is important to understand the drivers of change. These include the local and proximate physical, socioeconomic and demographic causes of change, as well as the broader global and regional climatic or macroeconomic forces of change. Quantifying processes of land-use change is undertaken by combining in-situ measurements and ground surveys with satellite data. This is often done through regional case studies.
Responses and Impacts: The impacts of land-use change can be biophysical and socioeconomic and they can be positive and negative. Changes in forest cover can affect carbon sources and sinks, local water resources and biodiversity through landscape fragmentation. Changes in fire regimes can affect ecosystem structure, trace gasses, aerosol emissions and water quality. Overuse of marginal lands leads to degradation and impoverishment affecting human livelihood. Agricultural intensification through the use of fertilizers can improve crop production but may degrade water quality. Changes in land-use can affect human health by changing insect habitat or disease vectors. Agricultural abandonment leads to changes in land-cover, for example, by increasing woody vegetation. Urban expansion and suburban development can result in a loss of agricultural lands or wetlands. Changes in land-use can affect local and regional climate.
Prediction and Feedbacks: Modeling of land-use change provides a means to understand the consequences of different land management options and study the feedbacks. For example, coupled land-use and dynamic vegetation models are needed to understand the impacts of future land management on carbon budgets. Recent trends in land-use change and an understanding of the processes of change provide a point of departure for predictive modeling. Spatially explicit modeling of land-use is needed to study scenarios of land change under different land-uses for a large number of science applications. There are a number of approaches for modeling land-use that are currently being investigated, including statistical empirical models, cellular automata and agent-based modeling. Better understanding the impacts of land-use change on climate and the impacts of climate change on land-use is also needed.
Underpinning the Earth science research paradigm (variability-forcing-response-consequences-prediction) is an ongoing program of LCLUC research, which includes the development of new algorithms, methods and techniques for characterizing, monitoring and modeling land-cover and land-use change and validating derived products. This is achieved by combining the new methods and land-use models with remote sensing and GIS. Development of techniques for data management and analyses are needed to handle the large volumes of data needed for global and regional monitoring and analysis. Global and regional data sets of land-cover characteristics developed within this program support the NASA modeling activities and provide the long-term data records needed to study trends.
Program Priorities
Forcing Factors
- Climatic and ecological drivers: The NASA Land-Cover and Land-Use Change program will rely primarily on existing components of Earth Science and national and international science agencies for the development of historical and climatic data sets.
- Socioeconomic drivers: The NASA program will investigate the human dimension processes directly when they are coupled to observed recent changes in the landscape or regional predictive models.
Responses and Consequences
- Land-cover conversion: The primary NASA interest is to identify the current distribution of land-cover types, and to track their conversion to other types. The LCLUC program has a particular interest in the impacts of land cover and land use change on biogeochemical cycles (e.g. carbon and nitrogen) and the hydrological cycle.
- Land-use intensification: To understand the consequences of intensified management of agricultural, agroforestry, and grazing systems, particularly in the tropics and subtropics. To measure the longer-term in-situ degradation of forested ecosystems that occurs.
- Land degradation in arid and semiarid environments: To define, develop, and evaluate improved remote sensing measurement techniques and data integration methods for characterizing land degradation. The objective of the research is to provide scientific understanding and observational techniques required for improved efficiency in the management of both managed and unmanaged land resources.
LCLUC researchers are encouraged to use both remote sensing and in-situ data, integrated with geographic information system (GIS) techniques, in a manner which enables improved assessments of causes of land degradation, vulnerability to further degradation, and the development of options for more sustainable land uses.
Modeling and Implications
It is important to develop, parameterize, and evaluate models that couple the biogeochemical and biophysical dynamics of the land surface and atmosphere. This initiative will emphasize the development of data sets and techniques that use representations of the actual land cover present and changes in land cover, rather than potential natural vegetation. Links to other process studies in hydrometerology, tropospheric chemistry, and aerosol radiative forcing will be explored to gain a better understanding of the relationship between changes in land cover, the processes that drive those changes, and biogeochemical and physical changes in the Earth's atmosphere and climate system. In addition to incorporating actual land cover and land cover change in ecosystem process models it is important to develop models of land use change. Prediction of land use change based on an understanding of the processes involved will provide an important tool for framing land management questions.
Ultimately, it will be the ability to model systems undergoing land-use change that will provide tools for both scientists and decision-makers to evaluate the potential consequences of different management practices, and to assess the consequences of policies that affect land cover conversion.
Techniques and Methods
Coordination is sought between the LCLUC Program and the algorithm development and testing within the NASA Terrestrial Ecology Program, the EOS Interdisciplinary Science and Instrument Science Teams. Of particular relevance to this program are the algorithms used to generate higher products from the systematic MODIS and Landsat observations, as LCLUC scientist often use the land cover and change related products from these sensors (Land Measurements Portal). The program makes use of the global archives of coarse and moderate resolution satellite data, acquired over the last twenty or more years for addressing land-cover and land-use change. With the technical problems encountered by the Landsat 7 instrument in 2003, emphasis has been given within the LCLUC program to utilizing data from other U.S. and international moderate resolution sensors (e.g. ASTER, EO1, CBERS, IRS and SPOT). Attention is being given to research on fusion and inter-use of these data products, laying a foundation for an international constellation of moderate resolution sensors (CEOS Land Surface Imaging Constellation Portal). Similarly research is encouraged in the use of fine spatial resolution data (1m-3m) for the study of land use in the context of answering scientific questions.
With NASA focusing on the decadal survey missions, the LCLUC program is interested in the development of new techniques that prepare for the use of new and soon-to-be-available remotely sensed data. In particular the program is interested in LCLUC science applications of microwave systems in support of the DESDynI mission and hyperspectral data in support of the HyspIRI instrument. With respect to technique development, the LCLUC program continues to be interested in technical research oriented towards automated land classification and change detection at regional to global scales, parameterization or validation of land use models using remotely sensed data and data services to improve the state of the art with respect to documenting land-cover and land-use change.
Transitioning Research to the Operational Domain
The LCLUC program is developing a partnership with the Applications program with the NASA Earth Science Applications, Commercialization and Education (ACE) Program. The objective of this partnership will be to demonstrate the societal relevance of LCLUC research through collaboration with operational agencies and organizations in a series of operational pilot projects. Emphasis will be given to the Global Observation of Forest Cover project, an operational pilot project for the Integrated Global Observing Strategy (IGOS).
Priority Regions for Case Studies
- U.S. and the Americas: The LCLUC program is supporting development of new and improved land-cover and land-use data for the US at regional and continental scales. In addition, NASA is interested in well-documented regional case studies that couple land-use, land-cover, atmospheric and climate data, and ecosystem or hydrological modeling in order to evaluate the response of land systems to multiple stresses. Studies that provide insight into the sustainability or vulnerability of the provision ecosystem goods and services to a combination of anthropogenic stresses, management regimes, and climatic variability will receive priority. Special attention is being given to research that improves our understanding of the influence of local and regional management decisions on the functioning of the landscape.
- Southeast Asia: A base of scientific investigations must be built within Asian and Southeast Asian countries that will assess the consequences of forest conversion to agriculture, the long-term, in situ degradation of the forested landscape, and agricultural intensification. Proposals that demonstrate linkages to in-country scientists and direct links to existing regional projects will receive priority.
- Southern and Central Africa: The land transformations currently going on in the dense humid forests, the seasonal woodlands, and savanna systems of Africa are of considerable interest to this program. The LCLUC regional activities will be developed and implemented in conjunction with existing international regional programs such as the USAID Central Africa Project for the Environment (CARPE), and the IGBP LUCC-MIOMBO project. Proposals that demonstrate linkages to in-country scientists and direct links to the host countries will receive priority.
- Russia and the Countries of the Former Soviet Union: The primary LCLUC efforts in this region will be to take advantage of data sets and studies that have been developed within the context of previous NASA initiatives, and to coordinate activities with those of other agencies with particular interests in the boreal forest. Investigations that focus on understanding the effects of fire, forest management and the carbon cycle will receive priority. Proposals that demonstrate linkages to in-country scientists and direct links to existing regional research activities projects will receive priority.
- Amazon Basin: The Amazon Basin is a key target area for NASA LCLUC activities. In order to tie closely to other parts of the ESE program, LCLUC joined in a solicitation with the NASA Terrestrial Ecology Program's LBA activity as part of the Large-Scale Biosphere-Atmosphere Experiment in Amazonia (LBA).
- Semi Arid Regions: Water availability to a large part determines the distribution of agriculture. Changes in precipitation regimes can result in changes in land use. Some semiarid regions are undergoing rapid social, economic or demographic changes and there is a need for a strong scientific underpinning to resource management. Three areas are of current interest to the program: Southern Russia and Central Asia and the Middle East.
Future Directions for the NASA LCLUC Program
With the ongoing and sometimes dramatic changes in global and regional economies, demographics, extreme weather events and climate, land-cover and land-use change will coninue to be an important topic for global environmental change research. The LCLUC program will continue to develop a unique role for NASA in utilizing its satellite assets for the study of LCLUC. The program will endeavor to maintain a balance between understanding the processes and determining the impacts of land-use change. The role of the satellite-data record and process studies in projecting future LCLUC will need further investment and the integration of land-use models with climate and ecosystem models will need to be developed. The procedures that the program develops for periodic inventory of land cover and the detection, characterization and quantification of land-cover change will need to be standardized and transitioned to the operational domain. In the immediate absence of an operational agency providing regular global monitoring of LCLUC, the NASA LCLUC program will need to provide the LCLUC data sets necessary to answer NASA's earth science questions. In addition to generating science quality land data products, and a consistent data record, it will be equally important for the accuracy of these data sets to be quantified and the data sets to be easily accessible by the science community. Emphasis will be given to studying areas of the planet where rapid change is taking place or where the impacts of the changes are most serious.
The LCLUC program will remain an important component of the NASA Carbon, Biogeochemistry and Ecosystems Focus Area and will continue to look for opportunities to fund LCLUC research through various upcoming NASA earth science research opportunities. The NASA LCLUC program will continue to be an integral part of the US Global Change Research program and the US Climate Change Science Program, contributing actively to the Land Use Interagency Working Group. The NASA LCLUC program will continue to explore partnerships with U.S. government agencies whose programs complement the LCLUC science agenda. As an interdisciplinary crosscutting program, LCLUC will continue to partner with other NASA focus areas and CCSP elements, for example in the areas of Carbon Cycle, Water Cycle, Climate Variability and Biodiversity research. LCLUC will support the new international Global Land Project being developed under the auspices of the IGBP and IHDP. The LCLUC program will continue research in the framework of various regional initiatives supported by NASA, such as the LBA, NACP, the NEESPI and USAID's CARPE program.
In the next few years the LCLUC program will play an important role in securing the continuity of the Landsat class observations needed for LCLUC science. In the near term, this will involve providing the scientific guidance and support for the rapid development of the Mid Decadal Land Survey. High priority will also be given to ensuring that the Landsat Data Continuity Mission meets the program's scientific objectives and expediting the mission to close the widening Landsat data gap. In the mid term, the attention will need to be given to the continuous provision of the Landsat class data and products to the LCLUC researchers. The LCLUC program will continue to work with the international efforts to better coordinate satellite observations of land cover through programs such as GOFC/GOLD and IGOL and to broaden the use of NASA data. The program will continue to promote international standards for land cover product accuracy through the CEOS Land Product Validation Working Group. The NASA LCLUC program will continue to explore the development and application of new remote sensing systems to better characterize land cover and new techniques and methods to extract information from remotely sensed data. Emphasis will be given to data fusion and synergistic use of different types of satellite measurements, including passive and active remote sensing. Incorporation of the remote sensing data products in models which incorporate climate process interactions and feedbacks with LCLUC will be given high priority during the next few years. The NASA LCLUC program will continue to foster the incorporation of social processes in LCLUC models and closer interaction between social and physical scientists.
A closer partnership will be sought with the NASA Applications program to further demonstrate the societal benefits of LCLUC research in practical applications in partnership with operational natural resource agencies such as the USDA, USGS, USAID, UN FAO and UNEP. Practical land-use related topics such as urban and suburban development, agricultural expansion and abandonment, fire and flood management, water quality and wetlands and human health require a better scientific understanding and are important both nationally and internationally in the context of economic development, sustainability and vulnerability. It is envisioned that LCLUC research and the various NASA land-cover related products and applications initiatives will contribute to the international Global Earth Observing System of Systems (GEOSS) leading to direct and tangible societal benefits.
Application Themes
LCLUC science research projects at NASA often have practical applications which are further developed under the NASA Applications Program. The focus of the Applications Program is to provide direct societal benefits from NASA research. The program addresses applications of national priority emphasizing partnerships with agencies with an operational mandate e.g. USDA, USFS, EPA, NPS, UNFAO and UNEP. These applications include aspects of agricultural efficiency, climate mitigation and adaptation, disaster management, water resource management, ecological forecasting and public health. The approach is to enable the assimilation of remote sensing data and Earth Science model outputs to serve as inputs to decision support systems. Through a process of benchmarking, verification and validation the enhancement to the decision support system is documented and a pathway developed for the operational transition. Current projects include the use of remote in forest management, fire risk mapping, fire and invasive species monitoring, flood inundation, crop yield forecasting and famine early warning.
The MODIS Rapid Response System
Two hours after the National Hurricane Center issued their warning for hurricane Katrina on Aug. 28th 2005, MODIS captured this image from NASA's Terra satellite at 1:00 p.m. The massive storm covers much of the Gulf of Mexico, spanning from the U.S. coast to the Yucatan Peninsula. View higher-resolution image.
The MODIS Rapid Response (RR) system was developed at NASA GSFC to provide near real time delivery of MODIS data for fire monitoring by the USFS. More recently the NASA Applications program has enhanced the RR system to support agricultural, flood and air quality and monitoring with USDA and EPA. Imagery from the RR system are used extensively for disaster monitoring, for example during the 2005 hurricane season. With a focus on rapid data delivery, the algorithms developed for the RR System and the associated web-based mapping have been made available to direct broadcast stations, leading to a large number of regional fire data distribution systems e.g.: CONABIO, Hot Spot Detection System , Mexico; AFIS, Advanced Fire Information Service, Africa; and Sentinel Fire Mapping, Australia.
The NASA Direct Readout Program: Providing a Bridge between NASA Direct Broadcast Earth Science Missions and the Direct Readout User Community
NASA's Direct Readout Laboratory (DRL) at Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) is the implementation arm of NASA's Direct Readout Program. The DRL acts as the bridge between Earth science remote sensing missions such as Terra, Aqua, and the NPOESS Preparatory Project (NPP), and the Direct Readout (DR) community. The DRL encourages communication and maintains an open-door policy with the commercial and research and development sectors. This process provides the DRL with critical information on DR systems currently in use, Rapid Response near-real-time subsets technologies being developed commercially, and the needs of the DR community.
The DRL's close relationship to all of the stakeholders is critical to the promotion of standardization in DR pre-processing sub-systems; DR Science Processing Algorithms (SPAs); visualization and data processing systems; and real-time data/product transport methods and mechanisms. The DRL is able to report the "state of the community" to the NASA mission, while providing the community with a two-way dialogue between the mission objectives and the user needs. The DRL's understanding of both mission objectives and user needs guides the development of real-time DB data management and instrument-specific pre-processing tools. In order to maximize the utility of DB data, the DRL has been developing DR technology tools that will provide end users ready access to instrument data and derivative products from the legacy EOS Terra and Aqua missions, as well as the future NPP mission, thereby enabling real-time local and regional data processing and product generation that benefits and supports environmental, commercial, and public interests and the decision-making infrastructureThe tools have been designed to be scalable, extensible, portable and, most importantly, easy to use.
Global Fire Information for Resource Management
Transitioning from a research to an operational system with an emphasis on Protected Areas The Fire Information for Resource Management System (FIRMS) aims to transition NASA funded research results and observations to operational partners to support decision making for management of Protected Areas (PAs) worldwide. Specifically, a Web GIS developed by researchers at the University of Maryland (UMd) will provide active fire, burned areas and NASA imagery to protected area managers around the World in easy to use formats for decision making. The information will be delivered through web based interactive maps and email and text message alerts. The operational partners in this project are the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) and Conservation International (CI).
FAO and UNEP are natural hosts for such an operational system as they are the international operational agencies within the UN system that provide global environmental land information. At FAO, FIRMS will be housed in the Department of Sustainable Development and Natural Resources (SDRN) and will compliment their existing suite of projects that deliver near real time information to ongoing monitoring and emergency projects, as well as providing information to the general public. FAO will also provide a direct feed of data to the UNEP-GRID Global Wildfires monitoring site. UNEP-GRID will use the system to enhance the Division of Early Warning and Assessment website which seeks to provide real time information on global fires. The fire data will also be served over the internet by CI's Center for Applied Biodiversity Science, a US based NGO to both its regional projects and the broader NGO community. Obtaining satellite derived fire information in a user-friendly format, and in time to use it for operational fire management, has not been easy for park managers working in remote locations and with limited access to the internet. Protected area managers are usually interested in relatively small areas - generally their park and its surroundings. They also require fire information delivered with minimal file sizes that can be accessed by anyone with internet connectivity. FIRMS will meet these requirements in three main ways: by providing MODIS active fire information via an interactive Web Mapping interface, by providing subsets of true color MODIS images and also by delivering fire alerts through emails and cell phone text messages. Additional information can be found at: http://maps.geog.umd.edu/
Global Agricultural Monitoring: Enhancing the agricultural monitoring and crop forecasting capabilities of the Foreign Agricultural Service using MODIS
The Global Agriculture Monitoring (GLAM) Project aims to enhance the agricultural monitoring and crop production estimation capabilities of the USDA Foreign Agricultural Service (USDA/FAS) using NASA's moderate resolution satellite data. The project is a collaboration between NASA/GSFC, USDA/FAS, SSAI, South Dakota State University (SDSU), and University of Maryland College Park (UMD) Department of Geography.
The primary mission of the FAS is to provide agricultural information for global food security through delivery of objective, timely and regular assessments of global agricultural production outlook and the conditions affecting it. To monitor crop conditions, the FAS analysts are provided with multiple remotely sensed products from moderate resolution sensors for target agricultural regions worldwide. This includes providing USDA crop analysts with a sophisticated web interface for analyzing MODIS temporal composites of vegetation index (VI) data, at 250-meter resolution. The web interface provides analysis tools which allow the crop analysts to drill down to the pixel level of detail. Using these data and tools, FAS analysts track the evolution of the growing season and make inter-annual comparisons of season dynamics between individual years as well as relative to reference long-term mean conditions. These comparisons yield anomaly images and plots highlighting regions that have undergone a change in productivity indicative of land-use/cover change. These changes may be due to direct anthropogenic factors such as deforestation and land conversion from forest to croplands and expansion of urban areas; or change due to weather factors such as heat stress, drought, and storms.
To successfully monitor worldwide agricultural regions and provide accurate agricultural production assessments, it is important to understand the spatial distribution of croplands. To do this, Matthew Hansen at SDSU, has developed a global croplands mask to identify all sites used for crop production. Croplands are highly variable Iberian Peninsula drought in 2004-05 depicted by database GUI NDVI anomaly image created using MODIS data collected between May 25 and June 9 2005 compared to the mean NDVI for this time-step between 2000 and 2004. The entire Iberian Peninsula was clearly stressed due to the drought in 2005. Reds/Brown represent the regions where vegetation is thin and less dense than average, while tiny flecks of green show where vegetation is healthier than average. NDVI graph comparing the 2004-05 season with mean conditions for the highlighted crop region in the blue box. The red line, consistently below the green line indicates highly reduced NDVI values throughout the season, due to the severe drought. both temporally and spatially. Croplands vary from year to year due to events such as drought and fallow periods, and they vastly differ across the globe in accordance with characteristics such as cropping intensity and field size. A flexible crop likelihood mask is used to help depict these varying characteristics of global crop cover. This flexible croplands mask which is in currently being validated, is generated by analysis of 4 years of MODIS data (2001-2004). Rather than the traditional static yes/no crop mask, the new map depicts crop likelihood allowing users, to threshold cropland membership according to their needs. Regions featuring intensive agro-industrial farming practices such as the Maize Triangle in South Africa will have higher confidence values in the crop mask as compared to less intensively farmed regions in parts of Sub-Saharan Africa where cropland identification is partly confounded with natural background vegetation phenologies. Thus, a customized threshold can be employed to examine areas of varying cropping intensification.
Program Brochures
Below are links to the official LCLUC Program brochures. Within the brochures are general background information regarding the program, highlighted science projects, and recent goals and initiatives.


text: It has already been pointed out by many that with the success of the name Flickr, several web-services took a liking to the suffix "ckr". The result is Enablr, Talkr, RedLettr and even Beggr. (Thanks to All Things Web 2.0 for helping with the list) It seems like now they've caught on with the URL [part of the name].[rest of the name +licious].us after the success of Del.ico.us. Like Thumbilicious, lib.rario.us, (which really is sleek and elegant version of 43Things) Scriptaculous – to name a few. In big names they trust?


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This series of crimes started on the evening of May 8 with the defendants driving around looking for victims walking along roadways to rob of their valuables. At about 9:30 p.m., they encountered the first victim in the area of Virginia Lake and proceeded to take his personal belongings.
From there, they are believed to have committed a robbery of a man in the Peckham Lane area. This man was robbed of a bottle of beer and an empty wallet. This victim has not come forward yet and police would like to talk with him.
The defendants then traveled to Carson City where they committed two additional robberies. One was along a busy roadway near Roop Street, and the other in a quiet residential neighborhood on Peters Avenue. While in Carson City they attempted to rob another man walking along Carson Street. When this victim took off running, one of the defendants deliberately fired an errant shot at him.
The defendants then returned to Reno and continued their crime spree. At about 12:35 a.m. on May 9, they waited out of sight for Steven Gale and his two associates to walk by. As the victims walked by, one of the suspects tried to steal the female victim's purse. A struggle ensued over the purse and the two male victims went to her aid. During this struggle, one of the other defendants discharged a single round from a handgun, fatally wounding Gale.
The handgun used in this murder has not been recovered. Detectives have information it may have been given to another individual after the crime. They are asking for that person to voluntarily come forward prior to detectives locating him and possibly charging him for offenses related to this crime.
The loss from these robberies has not all been recovered. Detectives are asking anyone who may have found a handgun, backpack, cellular telephones or empty wallets to please contact their local law enforcement agency and notify either the Reno Police Department or the Carson City Sheriff's Office.
The 13-year-old defendant, Jose Cruz, has been transferred to the Washoe County Jail due to this being a murder charge.
Those arrested are:
• Jacob Sanchez, 21, Reno resident
• Luis Sanchez, 20, Reno resident
• Aurora Rodriguez-Perez, 22, Reno resident
• Jose Cruz, 13, Reno resident
Sanchez, Rodriguez-Perez and Cruz were charged with felony murder with the use of a deadly weapon, three counts of robbery with the use of a deadly weapon and conspiracy to commit robbery. Sanchez was charged with open murder with the use of a deadly weapon, assault with a deadly weapon, three counts of robbery with the use of a deadly weapon and conspiracy to commit robbery.
All are being held without bail. Anyone with additional information is encouraged to contact the Reno Police Department Robbery/Homicide Unit at 334-2188 from 7 a.m. to 5 p.m. Monday through Friday or remain anonymous by calling Secret Witness at 322-4900 at any time.


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About us
The Arts Council has expressed its regret at the passing of actress Susan Fitzgerald.
It was with great sadness that the Arts Council learned of the passing of actress Susan Fitzgerald. Speaking today, Pat Moylan, Chairman of the Arts Council said, "Susan was a gentle, refined, exquisitely beautiful actress, a thoroughly professional collaborator, and a truly lovely woman as well. She will be sadly missed throughout the Irish theatrical and arts community, which has lost a real talent and much admired colleague."
Desert Rose, (oil on board) - Colin Middleton, 1975, Arts Council Virtual Gallery.


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Local Resources that provide A.A. meeting information (Overseas)For information about A.A. outside of the U.S. and Canada, you may use the list below to contact the international Service Office, local A.A. office, or A.A. answering service nearest you.
If you do not see the country you are looking for listed, please contact the International Correspondent at G.S.O. by clicking here.
A.A. Resources in Guatemala
Oficina De Servicios Generales
Apartado Postal 1736
Guatemala City, Guatemala 01002 , Guatemala
Phone:Main: (502)2288-5139
Site: www.aaguatemala.org


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Why IELTS?
IELTS (International English Language Testing System) is the world's most popular English language test. More than 2 million IELTS tests were taken last year.
Taking IELTS opens doors – it can help you live, study and work around the world. More than 9,000 organisations worldwide accept IELTS, including Government, academic and employment institutions. In fact, IELTS is the only English language test accepted for immigration purposes by all countries that require one.
Why take IELTS with the British Council?
The British Council has more than 75 years' experience teaching and testing English. We have more than 500 test locations around the world. We helped people in more than 90 countries gain English language qualifications that help them make the most of their chances in life. That's a lot of experience, and it means that if you take an English language test with us, you can be confident that you'll be well looked after.
- Expert support: from videos and books to online interactive courses, you have access to the best preparation materials to help you do well in your test
- Free resources: Road to IELTS is the British Council's popular online preparation course. When you register for an IELTS test with us you also get access to 30 hours of free training.
- Convenient test dates, locations and venues: we offer frequent tests a month at 40 locations across India. This means that you have a huge range of options for where and when you can take your test.
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- Fast results: you will be able to see your results online within just 13 days of the date you take your test.
**IELTS is jointly owned by the British Council, IDP: IELTS Australia and Cambridge English Language Assessment
Visit IELTS website for more information.


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Luxury brand Burberry starts selling online in China
Chinese online consumers now can purchase products directly from the British high-end fashion brand Burberry. Burberry Group PLC launched its online store Tuesday on ...
Luxury brand Burberry starts selling online in China
Chinese online consumers now can purchase products directly from the British high-end fashion brand Burberry. Burberry Group PLC launched its online store Tuesday on ...
Amazon opens its pantry doors for ordering bulky items
Prime Pantry allows Amazon Prime members to pack and ship a box full of grocery items for a $5.99 shipping fee, plus the cost ...
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Managing Editor, International Research
Topics: Adobe Scene7, m-commerce, mobile commerce, smartphone
According a recent Adobe Scene7 poll, mobile commerce is on the rise. However, a closer look shows consumers still favor safe, low-cost items when shopping via their smartphones.
The poll of consumers with web-connected mobile devices, primarily smartphones, finds 62% are buying via their devices. The poll weeds out digital goods such as ringtones, wallpapers, etc., to only include physical goods. So, we're not dealing with 99-cent Angry Birds games here. But a closer look finds m-commerce still has a long way to go before it catches up with big brother e-commerce.
The greatest segment of mobile shoppers, 45%, spent $249 or less via mobile during the last 12 months, the report says. By comparison, the average annual online spend per shopper in 2010 was $1,139, according to an estimate from research firm eMarketer.
Next, let's look at what they buy. The most purchased consumer goods category is shrink-wrapped entertainment, including movies, music and games, purchased by 43% of the respondents who shopped on mobile devices. The next largest category is a smaller portion, 30%, for clothing, shoes and jewelry. And it's just a hunch, but I'm betting smitten males aren't buying an engagement ring via a smartphone just yet.
To me theses figures show hope, but also illustrate m-commerce still has a long way to go—which also means it has a lot of potential. I remember the day when consumers scoffed at the idea of buying big-ticket and visual-centric items via their PCs. My how that has changed. A good friend of mine got engaged a few weeks ago. Where did her fiancé buy the ring? BlueNile.com.
For now, mobile is a lot like the beginnings of e-commerce. People are dipping their toes in the water, but for big-ticket items, the water may still be a bit too cool. However, basic concerns, such as inputting credit card data via a mobile device or wondering if an order will go through, are not as major as when the concept of shopping from a phone was brand new. Part of that is because consumers are so used to buying digitally via their PCs.
Smartphone owners are becoming fairly comfortable buying items that are content-based rather than appearance-based—a DVD they heard was great, a book a friend recommended, etc. But they are still shying away from the biggies.
So what will it take for M to catch up with E? Part of it will simply be a matter of giving consumers time—and there's not a whole lot a retailer can do about that. In the meantime, retailers should focus on making it easy to shop from a mobile device. Quick checkout, alternate images, and ratings and reviews can't hurt. After all, it's those very features that helped move more shoppers to buy online when a computer was the only option.
Searches on mobile devices will soon exceed those on computers, Google says. Retailers that keep ...
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Posted 03/03/14
Conversion rates fell on mobile devices, while increasing on desktops during the last holiday season. ...
Posted 02/28/14
If there's something you've bought offline that you weren't able to buy online, we're probably thinking about that."


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810521 wrote:So you didn't resist!
Im going to resist the temptation to answer to the comment about superfluous comments etc, I think that says more about the ego of the respondent.
Example of an erroneous comment -
* Get keystore instance
ks = KeyStore.getInstance(keyStoreType);
* Encrypt the data,
Signature signatureAlgoithm = Signature.getInstance(getAlgorithm());
signature = signatureAlgoithm.sign();
I do however have this problem and I'd be happy to share my code, superfluous comments included.Why would I want to share your code since you say it does not work? I already have code that actually does work.
I'd be happy to share my codeYou've already shared your code. How about sharing the answers to the questions you were asked?
vaules of the public key associated with the private key, and the public key of the certificate?That's what I asked for.
The cert associated with the private key that was used to sign the data:That's not what I asked for.
The cert used to verify (incorrectlyl) the signature:Nor is that.


text: Explore Gujarat Ahmedabad Around Ahmedabad Northern Gujarat Kutch Saurashtra Southeastern Gujarat Share Outside the tiny village of Velavadar, 65km north of Bhavnagar, the 34-square-kilometre Blackbuck National Park has the highest concentration of this Indian antelope anywhere in the country. Prior to Independence their number stood at eight thousand, but habitat loss and hunting cut this figure down to two hundred by 1966; they now number around three thousand four hundred. The park is also home to the endangered Indian wolf, nilgai antelopes, jackal foxes, jungle cats and Indian foxes. Birdwatchers can spot rare species like the Stoicka's bushchat and harrier hawks. Poor rainfall in recent years has forced many of the latter to roost elsewhere, however, with numbers falling from 2515 in 2002 to 979 in 2009. There are no jeeps available for hire on site, but a taxi costs around Rs1000 for a day-trip from Bhavnagar. If you arrive by bus (2 daily from Bhavnagar; 1hr), it is possible to walk to one of the watchtowers near the entrance and get a good view, but it's not the same.


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KidzPlex's Stecklein wins title
Isabel Stecklein won the all-around title in the Airborne Spring Classic last weekend at Longmont. The KidzPlex gymnast took first place on beam (9.525) and had a total score of…
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- Home
- UQ Total Employment Proposition
UQ Total Employment Proposition
The University of Queensland is committed to providing a wide range of benefits that enhance the working environment and the lives of UQ employees. UQ can offer flexible working arrangements and highly competitive leave options. As an employee, you have free access to a range of museums within the University, including the UQ Art Museum and the art collection at Customs House.
UQ also offers a range of options to support wellbeing including an Employee Assistance Program, vaccinations and access to clinics. UQ staff also have access to a broad range of professional and career development schemes to enhance knowledge and skills.
Have a look at what UQ has on offer.
Our benefits add a great deal of value to our overall package. And some may surprise you. Obviously, benefits vary from role to role, but take a look at the principal benefits we offer our people.
At the University of Queensland we encourage, support and promote the good health and wellbeing of staff.
Flexible Working
UQ is serious about offering our people real flexibility when it comes to their working hours. From job shares and part-time working to career breaks and compressed working hours, we try to help you juggle your work and home life.


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"Steve Rourke and Danny Harrington," said Ammazzalorso, and so I wanted to know whether he considers these employees incompetent.
So is he saying Mora was wrong?
"I'm not answering that one," said Ammazzalorso, and apparently everyone at UCLA is afraid the coach might yell at them. Obviously no one was afraid of Karl Dorrell and Neuheisel, so UCLA lost. Things are definitely looking up.
I checked with Rourke, the sports information assistant who was dressed down in front of the whole team. I wanted to know whether he considered himself incompetent.
"Maybe on a day," he said, obviously still shell shocked.
I didn't think he would disagree with Mora.
I asked whether Mora had apologized, because I guess you could say he had embarrassed the school official publicly even though most would agree it is all part of building a winner.
"He reached out," said Rourke, and that sounds suspiciously as if there's a 10-foot pole separating Mora and sports information.
"He apologized to me," said the slacker, ah, Ammazzalorso.
Now I understand why Mora wouldn't apologize publicly; how would it look to his team going soft behind the players' backs?
In addition to the sports information people, Mora also booted the media from practice the other day. The Los Angeles Times had already pulled its reporter a day earlier.
The Times thinks its reporters should report what they see. I know this irritates both USC and UCLA.
If it was up to the Trojans and their fans, no one would have reported the living arrangements for Reggie Bush's parents.
The Times is no longer attending Trojans' practices as well, allowing reporters more time to check on the living arrangements of parents who now have sons playing for USC.
Ammazzalorso wanted to make it clear the media is still welcome to attend UCLA practices and ask whatever it wishes to ask.
But per the school's policy, he said, "all injury information must come from the head coach."
You could see where this might be a problem. Before Mora had coached a game at UCLA ,he had already established himself a liar.
When he went on the radio and said something about UCLA recruits not having to worry about murders taking place a block away from campus, he denied he was referring to USC. Everyone knew he was referring to USC but he still persisted in not telling the truth until he was forced to come clean.
"I like our SID," cracked Lane Kiffin this week, and I'm sure he wasn't referring to Mora.
Then of course Kiffin told everyone he didn't vote USC No. 1 in the USA Today poll and we know now he did.
Obviously there is nothing wrong with lying in sports in the name of winning.
And right now Neuheisel's players are winning, and as the berated UCLA sports information assistant could tell you, nothing else really matters.


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The Bexar County Medical Examiner's office is still working to identify a man who died after being hit by a pickup on Interstate 37, south of downtown San Antonio, Monday morning.
San Antonio police found his body in the back of a pickup on I-37 South near Carolina Street around 5 a.m.
They soon realized his death was connected to a crash that had happened moments before on the opposite side of the highway, according to Lt. Carlos Garcia with SAPD.
Garcia said the man who was killed was driving a stolen SUV that had crashed into the median on I-37 North.
He said the suspect was trying to run away when he was killed.
"For whatever reason, he decided to cross the median. And as soon as he crossed, right when he got to the middle lane, another vehicle hit him," Garcia said.
The impact sent the man flying, and shattered the windshield of the pickup.
"He hit the side of the car, then hit the window and wound up in the back of the pickup," Garcia said.
The driver who hit the suspect stopped and gave police his information. It was not immediately clear if he would be cited.
The incident caused traffic tie-ups on both sides of the highway.
The southbound lanes of I-37 near Carolina Street were closed for nearly two hours.
For a list of recent stories Katrina Webber has done, click here.


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Overview : Florence is an open museum, which is its beauty and its curse at the same time. People looking for a "typical" corner of... more »
Overview : Florence is an open museum, which is its beauty and its curse at the same time. People looking for a "typical" corner of... more »
Tips: On Sundays when the daily market in Piazza Santo Spirito is closed (the second and third Sundays of the month, excluding August), the ... more »
The characteristic square of Florence's Oltrarno Quarter is Piazza Santo Spirito. It's a refreshing break from the hustle and bustle of Florence's historical center and the perfect place to sit on a park bench under the trees, or grab a coffee or a gelato and people watch.
The piazza is one of Florence's true local piazzas, a place where the... More
Wander behind the Basilica of Santo Spirito, down a winding back alley lined with medieval buildings to get to Via Santo Spirito, one of Florence's most elegant artisan shopping streets.
Boutique stores such as Quelle Tre (No. 42 red, artisan women and children's clothing and accessories) and Angela Caputi (No. 58 red, bold, handmade costume... More
This is more of an intersection of streets as opposed to a piazza, but it does have an intimate atmosphere that many other piazzas in Florence do not have.
Surrounded by quality food shops, cafes and restaurants on every corner, this is a wonderful piazza to come to for a snack, a gelato, a drink or even breakfast, lunch or dinner with the locals... More
The church of Santa Felicita is one of the oldest churches in Florence, with foundations that go back to the city's beginnings. There are two things that make this lovely little church stand out. One is its facade, which may take some a few moments to notice that it has a corridor running across it. This is part of the Vasari Corridor, which was... More
A visit to the quarter of Santo Spirito would not be complete without a mention of the Pitti Palace, even if it is perhaps the one thing that does not "fit in" with the rest of this quarter, known for its artisans, its little back streets, its local residents.
The Pitti Palace dominates and essentially separates the Santo Spirito... More
If you're still hungry for more, head down to the Brancacci Chapel in the unassuming church of Santa Maria del Carmine. The chapel has a separate entrance through the convent from that of the church itself. Reservations are advised as only a small number of people for a short time can visit the chapel. Why so special? This chapel is where the... More


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Playstation 3
Secret Trophies for GuacameleeHome / Playstation 3 /
This page contains Guacamelee Unlockables for Playstation 3 called "Secret Trophies" and has been posted or updated on May 8, 2013 by darkman1709. Let us know what you think of this Unlockable by thumbs voting.
- Developer: DrinkBox Studios
- Publisher: DrinkBox Studios
- Genre: Action Platformer 2D
- Release Date: Apr 9, 2013
- ESRB: Everyone 10+
Secret Trophies
To unlock the following PS3 - Secret Trophies, complete the following tasks:
|How to Unlock:
|El Savior (Gold Trophy)
|Access the alternative ending (collect all orbs).
More Unlockables
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text:
Recipients of the WPC Education and Training Scholarship
2012 - Peter Miles, Sydney, Australia
2011 - Chintan Daiya, Mumbai, India
2010 - Robert Goodchild, Maylands, Western Australia
2008 - Benny Wielandt, Denmark
2007 - Subhash Deshpande, Pune, India
2006 - Geoff Moor, New South Wales, Australia
2005 - Phil Campbell, Las Vegas, USA
2004 - Arnold Iru, Solomon Islands
2003 - John Smartt, Ireland
The World Plumbing Council is pleased to invite applications for its Education and Training Scholarship. The Scholarship (which has been renamed after a review) is available to anyone involved in plumbing industry education and training. The award for 2013, which is worth a maximum of US$10,000, will enable the successful applicant to travel to another country to investigate aspects of industry education and training.
Download the Scholarship Application Package


text:
expert advice. unbiased reviews.
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Luxury Oceanview Villa in Playa Hermosa (Guanacaste)
- bedrooms 3
- baths 2½
- sleeps 8
- pool yes
- hot tub no
- pets allowed no
- type Villa
- community Hermosa Heights
rates (USD)
/ night
$ 1,600 - $ 2,650 / week
vacation rental description
This lovely new luxury hillside villa boasts stunning, unobstructed views of the Pacific Ocean! Watch the sunset every night from beside your sparkling infinity edge pool or your bedroom balconys, which overlook the town of Playa Hermosa!
This home is fully furnished with quality furnishings, cable TV and internet. The large kitchen has all of the amenities of home, including dishwasher, microwave, etc. Each room comes equipped with individual A/C remote control units for personal preferences. It comfortable accommodates 6 people in its 3 bedrooms and has a pull out sofa in the living area for an extra 2 people. The master bedroom has an en-suite bath with jaccuzi.
At the base of the hillside and part of this community is a small commercial center which offers a luxury Spa, a small theater and a popular bar/restaurant. The guests also have the use of the community pool area with water slides, snack bar and a mini golf area.
It is a 15 minute walk to the world famous Playa Hermosa beach from the base of the hillside.
vacation rental location
contact owner for availability
Holly Smith 011 506 2697 1824
villa rental amenities
Ocean View of the Pacific
Fully Equipped Kitchen
Cable TV
Washer & Dryer
DVD Player
Fully Air Conditioned
Infinity Edge Pool
Garage/Security Gate
activities and attractions in Playa Hermosa (Guanacaste) Costa Rica
Scuba Diving
Deep Sea Fishing
Jet Skiing
Horseback Riding
Mountain Biking
River Tours
National Parks
Mud Baths/Spas
vacation rental rates
Green Season '13 (April 16 - December 20, 2013) $235 per night (4 night minimum) or $1600 week
Xmas/New Years (Dec. 21 - Jan. 5/13) $2650 week
High Season '14 (Jan. 6 - April 13/14) $325 per night (4 night minimum) or $2200 per week
Easter week (Apr. 14 - Apr. 20/14) $400 per night (4 night minimum) or $2650 per week
Green Season '14 (Apr. 21 - Dec. 19/14) $235 per night (4 night minimum) or $1600 per week
Visa, Mastercard, Amex and Paypal accepted
5% discount on any portion paid by bank wire transfer or cash.
Holly Smith 011 506 2697 1824
accepted payment methods
Prior to paying a reservation deposit, always verify payment instructions by calling the phone number displayed on this listing page. By contacting the owner directly and paying by an approved method - credit card, paypal, check or bank transfer - your reservation payment will be protected up to $1,000.Learn more in our Security Center


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Join/Renew Today
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Think you know AARP? What you don't know about us may surprise you. Discover all the 'Real Possibilities'
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text:
Define your style in any room with this sophisticated semi-flushmount ceiling fixture. The design features an exclusive pattern custom giclee printed on a translucent fabric shade. This high-quality material allows warm light to shine through the shade, illuminating the pattern and creating a spectacular look. A white acrylic diffuser at the bottom prevents glare and provides even lighting. This stylish fixture is custom made to order. U.S. Patent # 7,347,593.
*Please note that sales of all clearance items are final.
Shipping and Delivery Information - For item EUT6396-V3178 if ordered by 1 pm Pacific Time


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MG 420 Labor Relations
Armbrust, Robert
Assistant Professor of Management/Online Faculty
B.S. Industrial Management, Franklin UniversityMBA, The University of Louisville
Office Location
Office Hours
Daily, 7 a.m. to 9 p.m. Central Standard Time
Daytime Phone
Semester Dates
10/19/2009 to 12/13/2009
Class Days
Class Time
MG352, MK351 and HR 353
Credit Hours
Text Title: Labor Relations : Striking a Balance
Author: BUDD
Edition/Copyright: 2ND 08
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Publishing Company
Type: Hardback
Textbooks can be purchased through the MBS bookstore
Textbooks can be purchased through the Parkville Bookstore
Additional Resources:
McAfee Memorial Library - Online information, links, electronic databases and the Online catalog. Contact the library for further assistance via email or at 800-270-4347.Career Counseling - The Career Development Center (CDC) provides services for all stages of career development. The mission of the CDC is to provide the career planning tools to ensure a lifetime of career success.Park Helpdesk - If you have forgotten your OPEN ID or Password, or need assistance with your PirateMail account, please email firstname.lastname@example.com or call 800-927-3024Resources for Current Students - A great place to look for all kinds of information http://www.park.edu/Current/.Advising - Park University would like to assist you in achieving your educational goals. Please contact your Campus Center for advising or enrollment adjustment information.Online Classroom Technical Support - For technical assistance with the Online classroom, email firstname.lastname@example.com or call the helpdesk at 866-301-PARK (7275). To see the technical requirements for Online courses, please visit the http://parkonline.org website, and click on the "Technical Requirements" link, and click on "BROWSER Test" to see if your system is ready.FAQ's for Online Students - You might find the answer to your questions here.
Learning Outcomes: Core Learning Outcomes
Class Assessment:
Class Participation (conference thread postings): 20% of your final grade.
Weekly quizzes (7 total): 25% of your final grade -- each has a 15-minute time limit to complete.
Research Assignment (due not later than 10PM MST on the last day of week 6): 25% of your final grade.
Final Exam (to be completed in week 8): 30% of your final grade.
Note: The comprehensive final exam is not a take home test. It will be proctored as a closed book, closed notes exam.
Your Final Grade is based on a 280 point system. You can earn up to 56 points (20 percent of the final grade) for Class Participation, 70 points for the Weekly Quizzes (25 percent of the final grade), 70 points for the Research Assignment (25 percent of the final grade), and 84 points for the Final Exam (30 percent of your final grade). Your final grade is computed as a final numeric grade (e.g. 252 points or 90%) and then converted to a Final Letter Grade as follows:
252 - 280 points will result in a final letter grade of an "A".
224 - 251.9 points will result in a final letter grade of a "B".
196 -223.9 points will result in a final letter grade of a "C".
168 -195.9 points will result in a final letter grade of a "D".
Less than an accumulated 167.9 points will result in a final letter grade of an "F".
The course grade for students will be based on the overall average of homework and tests taken during the course in accordance with the weighting of the various requirements as stated in the syllabus.
All final exams in all School of Business courses will be comprehensive and will be closed book and closed notes. They will constitute 30% of the total course grade and will not be a take-home exam. They will be completed during the test week in the period designated by the registrar or by the Proctor in the case online courses. If calculators are allowed, they will not be multifunctional electronic devices that include features such as: phones, cameras, instant messaging, pagers, and so forth. Electronic Computers will not be allowed on final exams unless an exception is made by the Dean of the School of Business.
Classroom Rules of Conduct: This is a 400-level (senior-level) class. Students are expected to be prepared for class each week, and to treat the instructor and the other class members with respect and with courtesy.
Course Topic/Dates/Assignments: See "Activities" located under each weekly unit page
Academic Honesty:Academic integrity is the foundation of the academic community. Because each student has the primary responsibility for being academically honest, students are advised to read and understand all sections of this policy relating to standards of conduct and academic life. Park University 2008-2009 Undergraduate Catalog Page 87
Plagiarism:Plagiarism involves the use of quotations without quotation marks, the use of quotations without indication of the source, the use of another's idea without acknowledging the source, the submission of a paper, laboratory report, project, or class assignment (any portion of such) prepared by another person, or incorrect paraphrasing. Park University 2009-2010 Undergraduate Catalog Page 92
Attendance Policy:Instructors are required to maintain attendance records and to report absences via the online attendance reporting system.
Park University 2009-2010 Undergraduate Catalog Page 95
Disability Guidelines:Park University is committed to meeting the needs of all students that meet the criteria for special assistance. These guidelines are designed to supply directions to students concerning the information necessary to accomplish this goal. It is Park University's policy to comply fully with federal and state law, including Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 and the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, regarding students with disabilities. In the case of any inconsistency between these guidelines and federal and/or state law, the provisions of the law will apply. Additional information concerning Park University's policies and procedures related to disability can be found on the Park University web page: http://www.park.edu/disability .
Last Updated:9/29/2009 7:19:51 AM


text:
Articles tagged with "strategy"
Published on Nov 1, 2011 | Pro Photography|
Whether to shoot stock, assignments or a mixture of both is a decision that every professional photographer has to make at some point. Read this article to get an understanding of the effective differences between stock and assignment photography and find out what works best for you.
Recent user-created articles tagged with "strategy"
This is a list of the most recent articles created by users from within the dpreview community for this tag. Note that these are neither endorsed nor reviewed by dpreview editorial staff.
Published on Jul 12, 2013 | Photography and Photographers|
Published on Oct 9, 2011 | Photography and Photographers|


text:
If something is boring stop making the party do it.
Guys, I have some what of a problem, a lot of people are asking me to be a GM on some rol game campaigns, but I have no experience as a GM, only as a player (and a very ridiculous player). So I want to know what should I do as a GM? Like, some tips or advices you guys can give me.
I have been asked for 2 games, Dark Heresy and Nephilim, I dominate both pretty good (probably nephilim a little more), and I can get some campaigns for Dark Heresy, but there are no campaigns of examples of campaigns for Nephilim, so I don't think I can get any info for this (but I wrote part of a campaign for this one so I think I can make it work). So advices?
Oh ya, also, which is the appropriate number of players per campaign?
If something is boring stop making the party do it.
I don't understand what you are saying. If its boring I have to stop making the party to do it? do it like what?
When Cake GM'd he felt that combat was boring which is why that adventure was basically all puzzles.
Yeah make sure to use lots of charts and graphs
My Story Thread
If you took the time to read this, you can just call me Al, or Stan.
Man, cake's puzzles were impusibru.
Well, in both cases (dark heresy and nephilim) most of the story is about investigation, in one its all about investigation and hunting down heretics (dark heresy) and in nephilim is all about discovery, knowledge and running away.


text:
What happened to all that carbon? Is it the source of a lot of Al Bore's discomfiture?
We are still getting global warming here...woke up to more, kept floating out of the sky most of the day.
Had to scrap the stuff off the car this morning.
Btw, we are about 15 degrees below average for this time of the year.
From wiki...
Various states and localities have passed laws pertaining to idling. Some of the laws are more strict and stringent than others. Thirty-one states currently have some sort of existing regulations pertaining to anti-idling. Of these states, California has the most codes and regulations. The California Air Resources Board has enacted numerous laws that regulate idling in the state.
SLW and I were doing our volunteer stuff at Mote Marine yesterday
and it was packed!!! Too damn cold to be at the beach!! I feel sorry for all
the people who came down this week, it shoud be in the low 80's but
it didn't break 60 here.
They said it is supposed to go up into the mid 60's by the end of next week, here in Happy Valley...
|« Previous Thread | Next Thread »


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Be the grill master anywhere with this Picnic Time Metro barbecue set.
- Long, silicone-handled grilling tools keep your hands away of the heat.
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