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We'll be posting an update on plans for Soul Festival 2014 soon!
We are currently awaiting grant funding decisions from Dublin City Council and Failte Ireland!
Founded in 2007, 'Dublin City Soul Festival ~ a celebration of peace, unity & love' is Ireland's feel-good festival, raising funds for the Musical Youth Foundation children's charity.
Now in its 8th year, the Soul Festival is a shining example of what can be achieved when passionate individuals come together united under a common bond to create a vibrant, multi-cultural and positive festival celebrating what's best about Ireland and the Irish People – our world renowned 'Céad míle fáilte' (a hundred thousand welcomes)!
How you can help…
Our children's charity the Musical Youth Foundation is providing at-risk children in Ireland with free instruments, professional weekly music lessons and a variety of singing, song-writing and live performance workshops. The impact our work is having on young people is changing lives. Find out more by visiting our official charity website at www.musicalyouthfoundation.org.
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With Instructables you can share what you make with the world and tap into an ever-growing community of creative experts.
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Using a single piece of less than 3 ft of paracord you can make a heart shaped pendat necklace for Valentines day.
Fold the cord in half forming a bight.
Taking the right hand cord, make a counter-clockwise (CC) loop and lay the working end over the left cord parallel to each other.
Still working with the same cord, form another bight and tuck it behind the orig. left cord and through the CC loop from step 2.
Firm up the knot (which btw is ABoK #1133 labeled as a double noose... such a cruel irony for Valentine's Day) by pulling on each loop then taking out...
Make another bight from the right hand cord and tuck around the back and through opposite loop on the left continuing through to the other side (going...
Make sure bight is through both loops.
Take up the slack.
Taking now the left cord, bight and tuck UNDER the first bight around and towards the back.....
..... Bringing the bight around and OVER the other cord/bight part.
To snug up the shape begin by pulling bottom right part (pictured at bottom of heart)
Phase 2 of taking up slack....
Turn peice over with the larger side of the heart now on the right.
And repeat steps 10 - 12 to tighten opposite side.
Like so.....
Pull both bights through like so, leaving the lines coming out horizontally.
Take left cord (coming from behind) and follow (above) the cord in front so both are coming out the right side.
Turn piece over so that both are now on the left
Taking the lower of the 2 cords repeat the same procedure as in steps 15 and 16. Cords should be horizontal as in pic of step 15 (only now with the do...
Add a hitch to one side
Turn over and repeat same hitch.
Add whichever bend you choose to close it. I like double fishermans knot because its adjustable but any knot will do. Last thing to do is give it to a...
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Comments (24)
Posted 10.23.08 |
Michael Bierut
The Four Lessons of Lou Dorfsman
Lou Dorfsman and his "Gastrotypographicalassemblage" in the CBS cafeteria, 1966
Working as an in-house designer for a big corporation doesn't sound glamorous, and staying in the same place for more than 40 years doesn't sound like a path to career success. But Lou Dorfsman, who joined the Columbia Broadcasting System in 1946 and rose to become its vice president and creative director for advertising and design until his retirement in 1991, may have had the best job in the American design industry.
Over the course of his career, Dorfsman was responsible for everything at CBS from its advertising to the paper cups in its cafeteria. Every bit of it was executed with intelligence, verve, glamour and taste. Trying to get good work done from inside a giant institution is supposed to be hard. How did Lou Dorfsman make it look so easy?
When I learned the sad news last week that Dorfsman had
at the age of 90, I pulled a book down from my shelf that I've referred through now and then through the years:
Dorfsman & CBS: A 40-Year Commitment to Excellence in Advertising and Design.
Flipping through its
216 pages
, I was struck once more by the range and timelessness of the work illustrated inside. And I found an interesting passage, where authors Marian Muller and Dick Hess describe "the do-it-yourself education of Lou Dorfsman," which began shortly after he joined the company as advertising assistant to the legendary
Bill Golden
, creator of the
CBS Eye
It turned out after all that, while working as Golden's assistant, Lou had learned an extremely important lesson about the origin of ads. He had observed that while he and Golden were sitting in their shirtsleeves scaling photos and cutting type apart, certain ivy-leaguers in three-piece suits were sitting upstairs in conferences making decisions about the very projects he and Golden were producing. It was obvious to Lou that he could do a more intelligent and meaningful job if he were "up there" where the problems were being discussed.
So this is how he did it. Here are the four lessons of Lou Dorfsman.
Lesson 1: Mind the client's business.
Dorfsman began his career at CBS at the age of 28, working side-by-side with Bill Golden, his hero and mentor. After a few years, with the rise of the new medium of television, the corporation divided itself into separate units, the CBS Television Network and the CBS Radio Network. Golden took charge of advertising and design for television, the up-and-coming, exciting part. Dorfsman was made art director of the radio unit, the company's "orphan child."
Dorfsman ignored the gloom and doom surrounding the seemingly-fading medium of radio and threw himself into meetings with the radio division's sales reps, understanding its wide range of audiences, not just the listening public, but advertisers, affiliates, government agencies. Dorfsman produced hundreds and hundreds of unglamorous small space print ads. Almost every one is an ingenious gem. Many feature beautiful illustrations, including a 1952 ad that marked
Andy Warhol
's first commercial appearance in print. All of them unflinchingly and entertainingly make the case for CBS Radio. When Golden died unexpectedly at the age of 48 in 1952, Dorfsman was promoted to creative director of CBS television. Five years later, he was named head design director of the entire Columbia Broadcasting System.
Lesson 2: Learn to identify opportunities.
Through his career at CBS, Dorfsman never sat around passively waiting for requests from his internal clients. Instead, he pushed them, inventing projects that he thought needed to be done. Taking pictures at National Football League games in New York to promote CBS's local sports coverage, it occurred to him that there was a bigger story: documenting the technological feat of broadcasting multiple games each Sunday all over the country. The result was "Field of Vision," a 12 by 12 inch, 132 page book that reproduced, in gorgeous black-and-white rotogravure, photographs of each of the seven football games televised across the United States on the afternoon of November 4, 1962. The book emphasized the prowess of CBS's sports division, made a much-sought-after gift for football fans, and was credited with helping to secure the network's exclusive contract to cover NFL games the following year.
A few years later, Dorfsman topped that feat with a hardcover book commemorating CBS's coverage of the 1969 moon landing. 168 pages long, "10:56:20 PM, 7/20/69" featured a spectacular blind-embossed-with-moon-craters dustjacket and a subtitle ("The historic conquest of the moon as reported to the American people by CBS News over the CBS Television Network") that made clear Dorfsman's goal: to associate CBS inextricably with the grand events that defined the nation. Today, both books are collectors' items; neither would exist at all except for Lou Dorfsman's initiative.
Lesson 3: Assume responsibility.
You can tell that Dorfsman identified passionately with his employer's success. He valorized
every one of CBS's shows
as if they were separate clients, each with individual importance. It's fascinating: to my eyes, each ad appears to have been done from scratch, with its own unique look and feel; the only consistent element is excellence.
Dorfsman didn't hesitate to be an advocate for programs he cared about. He is credited with saving "The Waltons," a well-reviewed but low-rated show in the early 70s, by conceiving a single ad with the headline "This program is so beautiful it has to die" that exhorted viewers to support it. It ran once in three newspapers. Quoting
Dorfsman & CBS
: "According to Lou, the ad changed his life. He was never really certain how to measure the effectiveness of advertising. Now he had concrete results. CBS was inundated with letters and petitions bearing thousands of signatures. 'The Waltons' remained on the air and by the end of the season was the number-one CBS show."
Dorfsman, who began his career as an exhibit designer for the
1939 New York World's Fair
, never limited his ambitions to print and broadcast. He designed the CBS news booths at presidential nominating conventions starting in 1964, and created some of the first modern "news sets" for daily broadcasts the following year. Dorfsman didn't worry about his job description. He just did what needed to be done.
Lesson 4: Define the company's character.
In 1965, CBS moved into a new headquarters building on Sixth Avenue, a black granite skyscraper designed by
Eero Saarinen
. Quickly nicknamed "
Black Rock
," the tower was conceived as a defining symbol for the company by its leaders — and Dorfsman's main patrons — CBS chairman William Paley and president Frank Stanton. Dorfsman understood that this new home was an opportunity to emphasize the company's commitment to excellence. So he contributed to the design of every detail, from the barricades that surrounded the site while the structure was under construction, to the art on the walls in the hallways, to the signage in the lobbies, to the freshly printed letterheads and business cards that greeted the CBS staff the day they moved in.
In contrast to the eclectic approach Dorfsman took to the design of the network's outward-facing advertising and promotional material, the graphic standards at headquarters were almost obsessively rigorous. Dorfsman commissioned two new fonts from Freeman Craw, CBS Didot and CBS Sans, and these were deployed everywhere throughout the building, including door numbers, elevator buttons, and wall clocks, 80 of which had to be dismantled and reassembled with new faces installed. Dorfsman's typographic eclecticism reemerged in his career
tour de force
, his solution for a 40-foot-long blank wall in the corporate cafeteria. There he collaborated with his longtime friend Herb Lubalin to create an all-type, three-dimensional collage combining words related to food and culinary paraphernalia into a relief sculpture that was dubbed the "
." A combination of enthusiastic excess and clinical precision, the wall was hailed as Dorfsman's
ultimate achievement
. But I must confess, I am just as impressed — if not more — by the fact that he convinced the NYC safety authorities to allow him to use the elegant (and definitely non-code compliant) CBS Didot font for the building's fire exit signs.
There is no one today — anywhere — that can match the breadth and depth of design authority Lou Dorfsman exercised in his years at CBS. Certainly there is no one like him there today. He retired from the company in 1991. The building was renovated shortly thereafter and new tenants moved in to join CBS. The Gastrotypographicalassemblage was dismantled and put into storage, where it has been slowly decaying. The good news: there is a movement afoot to restore it led by the ambitious team at the
The Center for Design Study
, who are
actively seeking
financial support.
A few years ago, we had an appointment at a midtown address that was new to me,
51 West 52nd Street. When the taxi pulled up, I said to my colleagues, "Hey, this is the CBS Building!" And it was. I had never been inside. We were there to see one of the new tenants, not CBS. But the bronze signs in the elevator lobby were still set in CBS Didot. They looked worn but they were as beautiful as ever, forty years later. Rest in peace, Lou Dorfsman. You will be missed.
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Comments (24) |
I only met Mr Dorfsman once. It was on the street here in NY about 10 years ago. I introduced myself to him and he said "You know who I am?" I told him that he was one of the reasons I wanted to become a designer. He replied "No, I'm just some old guy that no one knows any more..." I told him that wasn't true and that anyone who loved design knew who he was and that his place in history was assured, he thanked me and told me he was off to the NY Art Directors Club "to have lunch with a bunch of other old guys no one knows anymore..."
He WAS the consummate designer, elegant, smart, tough and brilliant. I'm grateful I had that brief moment with him.
Eric Baker
10.27.08 at 10:44
Thank you for an elegant, wonderful and fitting tribute to a design legend. These are great lessons.
For anyone interested, Armchair Media designed
a web site to celebrate the life of Lou Dorfsman
. Anyone can post thoughts, moments or stories. I hope that everyone will take a second to celebrate his legacy.
Jim Schachterle
10.27.08 at 10:54
Where can I get a copy of
"Field of Vision?"
John Mindiola III
10.27.08 at 12:34
I met Lou Dorfsman during the coda of his career, when he came to The Museum of Broadcasting. What an elan he had! He was larger than life in so many ways: irreverent, pugnacious, discerning, brilliant. His understanding of good design had an overwhelming authenticity to it. He had been everywhere and done everything, and there was a steady stream of young designers at his door looking for advice and a job. He was very generous with his time and tried to offer both when he could. Rest in peace.
10.27.08 at 02:05
Michael, thank you for this warmly sensitive, insightful, and poignant farewell tribute to a most noble General, one who's legacy we all shall forever honor.
Richard Anwyl
10.27.08 at 04:09
what a great article. I've always known that he did the logo. Didn't know he spent an entire career at CBS. That's some commitment. Now that I've read this, I feel sad. There are only so many great historic figures left in design. People who truly shaped the way we work everyday. Thanks for the insight into a life well lived.
ian shimkoviak
10.27.08 at 04:58
It's stories like these that help us all identify our common heritage in design, much appreciated. One must wonder, with all the information we have access to these days, is it easier to "stay current" and contemporary, and even easier to forget the past? Maybe better said, is it easier to think one is current and contemporary, without knowing all that has gone before - especially when it, or names such as these, are "lost" to contemporary search engines?
Thanks for filling in more of our common history.
Erik Brandt
10.27.08 at 10:20
When I was a design student at Cooper Union in the 1980's, my classmates and I would often see Lou Dorfsman at the school's art openings. He was like a "god" to us and yet he was one of our own. Last Tuesday, during national Design week, I took my design students to the NY Times and design director Khoi Vinh led us on a special tour of the new headquarters. As a highlight, Khoi introduced us to Tom Bodkin, the assistant managing editor in charge of design. Tom had worked with Lou Dorfsman at CBS and said that he spoke at The Cooper Union's tribute to Lou Dorfsman (A'39) held at the French Culinary Institute on September 25th. So when reading your post today— I looked it up. That event raised more than $100,000 for the new Cooper Union academic building. When combined with a $1.0 million contribution from legendary CBS president Frank Stanton in honor of Lou and his wife Ann (A'39), the funding will name the Dorfsman Design Studio in the new building. Thank you Tom and Khoi for following in Lou's footsteps and spending time with young designers . . . and thank you Michael for writing this post. www.cooper.edu/administration/alumni/images/features_dorfsman.pdf
Carl W. Smith
10.27.08 at 11:12
Thanks so much for this article. Even as a kid in the 50s and 60s I associated CBS with quality and a high standard. When I was 12 my Dad got hold of and gave me this beautiful CBS calendar book. It had beautiful, loose behind the scenes pencil drawings at CBS. I remember the feel of the cover. What an early design moment... It was easy to link that book with a CBS style and character. Years later did I realize that all of this was Lou Dorfsman's work. I had the great pleasure of having dinner with him once in St. Louis. It was a memorable night for me. His enthusiasm for and pleasure in the work was self evident.
Rick Landesberg
10.28.08 at 06:28
Thank you for the nice tribute you wrote about Lou D. He was truly one of our great icons in the graphic design world. I worked for Lou at CBS from 1980 – 1984 and it was one of the best experiences a young designers can have. One of my favorite quotes by Lou, "there's no such thing as boring design projects, just boring designers."
I remember the first time I met Lou when I was being interviewed for a design position in his department. I had dropped off my portfolio through the recommendation of an ex-CBS designer, Jim, who had worked for Lou. I was still working at McCall's Magazine at the time but I was looking for a new job change. When Jim mentioned CBS, I hesitated because I had shown my book four years earlier at CBS and I didn't get the job. Plus I had no corporate design work in my book, just magazine and various editorial works with some logo and stationery stuff…that's it. But I figured I had nothing to lose and I knew it was a long shot to think they would be interested in me this time. I dropped my book off at CBS during my lunch break and later that day, I received a phone call from Ted Andresakes (the supervising art director) at CBS and he said Lou wants to meet me…that evening! So right after work I headed up to Black Rock…I got there at 5:30, but Lou was in a meeting and I waited out side his office for about 20 minutes and then his secretary said Lou will see me now…I went into his office and my eyes quickly scanned the domain of Lou D. and I will never forget what I saw…Lou had a big corner office with a nice view looking West, but his desk and floor had piles and piles of paper, folders, and books, they reminded me of "Dagwood sandwiches" of paper at various heights…Even his long couch had more piles of stuff, TV storyboards, infamous CBS ads in frames and mounted CBS posters and more books and magazines and several portfolio cases leaning against the couch and against the walls of his office…even his walls and closet doors were wallpapered with posters, pictures, and drawings…yes it was cluttered and a fire hazard too boot. But there was a chair next to his desk that was the only clear spot and that's where I sat for my job interview with the great Lou D…As he was telling me about his department, I noticed almost every other word was the "f" word and the word smuck was thrown in for good measure. But the were profanity was used in an almost endearing way. So he said to me with a smile, "so, do you want to "f**k around here?" I said "yes" and I was hired. I walked out of CBS amazed and perplexed to what had just happened, I was hired by Lou D...28 years later, I am still grateful for the experience and opportunity to had worked for Lou and CBS. Thanks Lou and you will be missed.
Jack Tom
10.28.08 at 11:19
Thank you, Michael, for a warmly insightful look at our man Lou. He will indeed leave a significant mark on the design community.
Daniel Pipitone
10.28.08 at 11:23
About 8 years ago I put an article about branding on my Web site (now being redesigned and renamed.
Go down about 3 page clicks down to the subhead on the left, "Then they do one thing wrong and ruin it all.
Again." And you will see my paean to Lou Dorfsman and what he accomplished.
I hope those of you interested in Lou will enjoy it. Love to hear any corrections or refinements as well.
Larry Miller
10.31.08 at 12:15
Few things can bring me out of Sabbatical from blogging.
The Passing of SUPER LOU DORFSMAN is one of them.
Without question, LOU DORFSMAN was The Most Powerful Creative Director in the History of Visual Communication. Bar None.
Everything has already been said about LOU DORFSMAN that needed to be said in reference to his Design Career.
Except LOU DORFSMAN came from an era of Design where Designers Really, Really, Really, Really knew how to Design. There was theory and rationale supported by their Design.
Designers of Dorfsman's era that made it to the Upper Echelon of Visual Communication were Visionaries, Original, Intelligent, Conceptualist, Experimentalist, Pragmatist, and Hands On. All possessed the ability to Imagineer.
They rolled up their sleeves.
They DID NOT make it up as they went along.
Not like today where anything Passes for Design.
And lend credence to Andy Warhol's saying about Art.
Design is not anything you can get away with.
I'd like to touch base on other things the general public may not know about SUPER LOU.
LOU DORFSMAN was the last of the MUSKETEERS as they were called forming a Lifetime Friendship with HERB LUBALIN and SAUL BASS.
The three of them did everything together, attending conferences, national and international, vacationed together whenever time allowed.
Most important, neither of them would be interviewed without the publication featuring an article on one of the others.
This can be witnessed in many articles published throughout the years in Print, Communication Arts, Graphis, other noted publications.
Most recently in Yusaku Kamekura's Creation Magazine where SAUL BASS was Featured with Cover.
Bass insisted Lubalin and Dorfsman be featured as well.
See Creation No 18.
The same in Graphis 235 and in Professor Virginia Smith's publication Artograph, many others.
There is a Panel within the Gastrotypgraphicalassemblage
that says BASS.
Both Herb and Lou incorporated the name not only for the cafeteria offering of fish. It was implemented for love and Lifetime Friendship with Saul Bass.
That kind of Camaraderie just doesn't exist today.
The mindset today is every man/woman for themselves.
After retirement from CBS Lou Dorfsman was offered a Partnership with Saul Bass on two separate occasions.
The new consultancy was named Bass Yager Dorfsman.
Saul Bass was to be the West Coast Creative Director and Lou Dorfsman was to be the East Coast Creative Director
Herb Yager Managing Partner would shuttle between the West Coast and East Coast.
As Saul Bass noted Lou was SMART he backed out twice at last the last minute.
MILTON GLASER offered Lou Dorfsman a Partnership after his retirement. For whatever reason Lou back out at the last minute. Legend has it Glaser was SMART because he never offered Lou another Partnership.
Lesson learned, perhaps not working together with Lifetime Friends saved some friendships.
Memory serving me correctly, both Lou and Herb Lubalin after graduating from Cooper Union were married together and/or within the same year. A short period of time lived together forming a Partnership to work on Design Projects.
Lou and Herb also formed a band, one played drums the other guitar or a wind instrument. Every evening they would get together and play with other band members.
One of my prized possessions in my Identity Archive is an Original CBS Radio Promotion Ad circa 1950s Designed by Lou Dorfsman.
It is an Ad of a young Designer (Lou Dorfsman, with Buzz Cut) photo taken from the back sitting in his office at his Drawing Table. On his Designer utility table is a
Radio apparently Lou was listening to CBS Radio.
The ad is one I pulled out many times within 30 yrs for inspiration imagining what were the CBS Projects Dorfsman was working on. What was on his mind. Other than CBS Corporate who were the clients he needed to satisfy.
I imagined myself sitting at that Drawing Table working for CBS, Dr Frank Stanton and William Golden.
The other prized possession is Lou Dorfsman speaking at a Celebration of Life Service for Saul Bass on DVD given to a few trusted individuals who will not resell them or upload on You Tube. Everything is not for public consumption.
One only had to witness Lou Dorfsman's aura and dignity.
The way he walked, command of speech captivating the audience with magnificent story telling capability.
Legendary Type Designer
Ed Benguiat
wrote in a personal email to my friend, mentor, former and former CBS Designer
Larry Miller
which was routed to me.
"As far as I'm concerned they'll need Madison Square Garden to have a memorial service for Lou".
Truer words were never spoken. To that I say, Lou Dorfsman was the Spirit and Embodiment of Corporate Design Worldwide.
No Designer in 26 Lifetimes will ever have the Power of Lou Dorfsman in Corporate Design.
Lou Dorfsman was sOo Bad and Powerful, they named New York twice.
The hostile takeover of Corporate Identity
11.01.08 at 05:59
It seems only fitting that there should be a memorial service at the Great Hall of Cooper Union for Lou Dorfsman, A'39 Trustee Emeritus.
Cooper Builds
Carl W. Smith
11.02.08 at 06:15
Remember when you were introduced to a designer you never knew existed, but then could never forgot? So many of us have that powerful moment. Mine was seeing a retrospective of Lou Dorfsman's work at ITC, (I believe in the late 70's) while I was still a design student. I'll never forget that show. The power of his work has been in my memory ever since. Thanks for the life long inspiration Lou.
Sara Tack
11.08.08 at 12:14
A Remembrance of Lou Dorfsman
by Arnold Schwartzman
It was with great sadness that I learned of the death of Lou Dorfsman at age 90, one of the last creative giants of the 20th century.
New York in the mid 60s was a most exciting time for design and advertising, so in the spring of '66 I decided to make my first visit to the United States. There I had the pleasure of meeting many of my design heroes, included Seymour Chwast, Milton Glaser and Herb Lubalin. As I had been working in British television for the previous seven years I decided to pay a visit to CBS TV, and met Mort Rubinstein, who was one of the network's design directors and was familiar with my work from the pages of Graphis. "Have you met Lou Dorfsman yet?" he enquired. "No, but I would love to meet him, but as I am not looking for a job in television I don't want to take up his time." He picked up the phone: "Lou, I have this Limey here, you got to see his work." "Can he come to see me tomorrow morning at 9:30?"
On my arrival at the network's new "Black Rock" building, Lou Dorfsman's secretary ushered me into the CBS Director of Design's large corner office. The great man was seated watching the Gemini space launch on two small TV monitors clamped to the edge of his desk. With a telephone to his ear he greeted me with a broad smile, then reached for my portfolio while his eyes were firmly fixed on the television event. He would turn the pages of my portfolio in between observing the missile as it disappeared into the blue beyond. Finally he turned to me: "When can you start?"
I repeated what I had told his colleague the previous day, that I was not seeking a job in television and was only in New York on a short visit. "What's your problem?" he responded in his distinct Lower East Side accent, "I'm offering you good money, a Manhattan office and a free telephone!"
How could I refuse! Within a New York minute I was shown to a work-space with a great view of 6th Avenue 25 floors below, and almost immediately a production manager slapped a design brief on my drawing board. It was to produce a full-page ad for the Jackie Gleason Show to be placed in the New York Times.
Lou Dorfsman in his CBS office, surrounded by artwork, 1970s.
Photo by Arnold Schwartzman
One evening while working late, Lou came over to me to wish me goodnight. "What's that you're eating?" he asked, staring at the large bun on my desk. "It's a hamburger." I replied. "Isn't it cold?" he asked. "Yes it is rather tough" I responded. "Tough? It looks frozen. Where did you get it?" "Down at the automat on the 20th floor" I replied, blushing with embarrassment over what was obviously a faux pas.
Lou led me to the elevator and took me down to the scene of my misdemeanor. He asked me to re-enact my purchase of the hamburger by placing two quarters into the machine. "Now, what did you do next?" he asked. "I got the elevator back up to your floor." "I thought so" he replied, as he opened a small door set into the wall of the cafeteria and placed the bun inside the space, closed the door and then pressed a button. In another New York minute out came my hamburger steaming hot! This was this gringo's introduction to the New World's invention known as the microwave oven!
Despite his protestation the time came to tell Lou that I must return to the U.K., giving him a half promise that I would return one day.
For the next few years we would see each other socially, and when I was elected a member of AGI in 1974 I had the pleasure of seeing Lou and his wife Ann at our congresses. One day during the 1977 assembly in Venice, Italy, Isolde and I were visiting a small Renaissance church on the island of Torcello, where out of curiosity I stepped into a confessional box and drew the curtain. As I came out who should be passing by but Lou Dorfsman. "What the heck is a nice Jewish boy like you doing in there?" he exclaimed. Quick as a flash I replied, "I confessed that I trace the work of Milton Glaser!" I have been told that on the occasions that Lou introduced Milton at his speaking engagements he would tell a much embroidered version of the confession story.
During the 1980s I received a letter from Lou proposing that we produce a documentary, filming along the Amazon river, accompanied by our wives. He was quite serious, however the venture never came to fruition.
I believe the last time we saw each other was on what he termed the "Roach Coach" traveling back to Manhattan from the AGI Congress in upstate New York.
During a visit to New York in April of this year Isolde and I popped in to see Bob Gill. I asked him if he knew how Dorfsman was doing. Almost echoing Mort Rubinstein's actions over 40 years ago Bob picked up his telephone and dialed a number. "I have a Limey here who wants to speak to you." "Who's that?" the voice enquired. "It's Arnold Schwartzman." "You do great work, You do great work!" was his immediate response. Although we spoke only for a few minutes, I was so touched by his words that I planned to write him a long letter on my return to LA. I now much regret that I never got around to it.
Dorfsman did great work, I only traced!
Lou, thank you, Good Night, and Good Luck.
arnold Schwartzman
11.10.08 at 11:56
Thank you, Michael and all others, for such cherished observations about my father. Because I don't have your home addresses, please accept this as my invitation to you all to the Memorial in his honor on Monday, March 16, at The Great Hall at Cooper Union, 7th Street at Third Avenue, 6 to 8 p.m.
Elissa Dorfsman
01.25.09 at 08:53
Again, thank you to all of you with such endearing comments. In my last communique I neglected to mention that those of you who are interested should go to the following website:
www.karma411.com/campaign/savelouswall -- where you can see three film clips starring Lou. One is about how he got the idea for the CBS cafeteria wall; one is about How a Corporate Logo (the eye) is Born and a lengthier piece, after he was retired, is an interview about his earliest days at CBS -- in radio -- when all the advertisers were fleeing like lemmings to this new-fangled thing called TV. The pieces are very "Lou" as a raconteur and very instructive -- and mirror's this article by Michael Bierut in Lou's own words! Also, the site is a non-profit fundraiser for restoring the wall, now in progress. I have taken a page from Obama's fundraising methods: we don't care whether devotees send five dollars. Don't be intimidated by the larger gifts. Remember how much the new Pres raised, $5 and $10 at a time or how school children raised pennies to erect France's gift to us of the Statue of Liberty! Everyone has been as generous with their pennies and nickles as they have with their million-dollar praise and respect. Thank you all! Hope to see you at the memorial. Elissa.
Elissa Dorfsman
01.28.09 at 12:55
Just about the time I was winding up my four year term in the Air Force's Tactical Air Command, my suite-mate at Pope AFB, handed me a copy of "Graphis" or "Print" (don't recall exactly), and touted the doings of Lou Dorfsman.
I had always loved the Columbia Broadcasting System's product and output, and vowed I would someday work there, or in some capacity for the company.
As fortune would have it, nine years later, after completing studies at Syracuse, MIT and Columbia, then preparatory stints at Ideal Toy and Parker Brothers, I got a call to run the Product Concept & Development function for Creative Playthings, then a fledgling division of CBS, and the "darling" division in the eye of Mrs. William Paley, Babe.
I was truly blessed with long grueling hours, and much appreciation for the efforts expended, and loved every moment, as I built the department into a thriving, innovative, creative function.
This Design effort brought me to the attention of Lou Dorfsman, who, in concert with my boss, Creative Playthings president Seymour Gartenberg, were instrumental in my early, youthful ascendancy to Vice President, with full access to anyone at "Black Rock".
Lou invited me in, and immediately I sensed a kindred spirit. He was a man riding on his own deserved cloud, and the more he could do, the more he wanted to do.
He was the consummate design-empire-builder, (how delicious) the "Arch-Conceptor", sitting in a small office with a drawing table as his desk, exuding boundless enthusiasm, and an infectious laugh. I loved him instantly, and at the age of 32, wanted to become just like him.
When I heard of his passing, I became maudlin and close to tears, for I knew that such a corporate opportunity for others to shine so individually was rare, and in this day of musical chairs, it may not provide others the grace to stay in one place and contribute their best, over several decades.
Yes CBS has changed, and gone is the much touted "Tiffany Network" of the golden seventies, but we all do have our treasured memories of Lou, and so many other specially endowed, and inimitable creatives.
It was the highlight of my career, and no other subsequent experience and community of people has come close.
Sleep well, "unforgetable" Mr. Dorfsman, you've earned your well-deserved rest, by for many, your presence was not long enough.
Mattiene-Arienne Moustakas
Vice President
CBS Toys Division
Mattiene-Arienne Moustakas
04.01.09 at 12:00
thank's for the focus :-) bests | peter
peter gabor
07.19.09 at 12:28
The comments on here are just as good as Michael's article. RIP Lou.
10.18.13 at 04:15
"there's no such thing as boring design projects, just boring designers."
fuck yes.
thanks for this article Michael.
graham wood
10.19.13 at 10:40
"It's not just the visible work, but the thinking behind it that is the beginning of the creative process. Creativity is essentially a lonely art, an even lonelier struggle. To some a blessing; to others a curse. It is in reality the ability to reach inside yourself and drag forth from your very soul an idea." –Lou Dorfsman
In Memory of Louis Dorfsman (A '39)
We still miss Lou, 5 years and counting . . .
Thank you Michael Bierut for the Four Lessons of Lou Dorfsman.
Carl W. Smith
10.21.13 at 10:07
Lou Dorfsmand was responsible for everything at CBS from its advertising to the paper cups in its cafeteria. "Every bit of it was executed with intelligence, verve, glamour and taste. " His work was timeless. He had 4 lessons and he taught them well.
Carmen Thigy
10.26.13 at 09:19
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Michael Bierut
studied graphic design at the University of Cincinnati, and has been a partner in the New York office of Pentagram since 1990. Michael is a Senior Critic in Graphic Design at the Yale School of Art.
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text:
|Jepson Flora Project: Jepson Interchange
previous taxon |
next taxon
Jepson Interchange (more information)
©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
For up-to-date information about California vascular plants, visit the Jepson eFlora.
Annual to tree
Leaves basal or cauline, alternate to whorled, simple to compound
Inflorescence: 1° inflorescence a head, each resembling a flower, 1many, generally arrayed in cymes, generally subtended by ± calyx-like involucre; flowers 1many per head
Flowers bisexual, unisexual, or sterile, ± small, of several types; calyx 0 or modified into pappus of bristles, scales, or awns, which is generally persistent in fruit; corolla radial or bilateral (rarely 0), lobes generally (0)45; stamens 45, anthers generally fused into cylinder around style, often appendaged at tips, bases, or both, filaments generally free, generally attached to corolla near throat; pistil 1, ovary inferior, 1-chambered, 1-seeded, style 1, branches 2, generally hair-tufted at tip, stigmas 2, generally on inside of style branches
Fruit: achene, cylindric to ovoid, generally deciduous with pappus attached
Genera in family: ± 1300 genera, 21,000 species (largest family of dicots): worldwide. Largest family in CA. Also see tribal key to CA genera: Strother 1997 Madroño 44(1):128. See glossary p. 25 for illustrations of general family characteristics.
Annual or perennial herb, generally densely glandular, aromatic
Stems 1several, generally simple below, ± branched above
Leaves generally opposite below, alternate above, generally linear to lanceolate, entire to slightly toothed
Inflorescence: heads generally radiate, generally peduncled, fewmany; phyllaries generally 120, free, enclosing (and falling with) ray achenes; receptacle ± flat, generally glabrous; chaff scales generally ± fused, in ring between ray and disk flowers
Ray flowers generally 120, sometimes minute; ligules 23-lobed, generally yellow
Disk flowers 1many, sometimes staminate; corollas yellow or maroon; anther tips triangular-ovate; style tips linear to oblong, acute, bristly
Fruit club-shaped or obovoid; ray achenes compressed, thickened, or 3-angled (1 angle toward center of head), ridged, sometimes beaked; pappus 0 or of short scales; disk achenes ± symmetric; pappus 0 or of 410 scales or bristles
Species in genus: 21 species: w North America, sw South America
Recent taxonomic note: *See revised taxonomy of Baldwin 1999 Novon 9:462471.
Etymology: (Chilean name)
Reference: [Nelson & Nelson 1980 Brittonia 32:323325]
Annual 125 dm, strongly scented
Stems simple to branched throughout, often very leafy below, soft-hairy below, sparsely to densely stalked-glandular especially above; glands yellow to black
Leaves 220 cm, linear to widely lanceolate, entire or ± serrate, soft-hairy to bristly, ± glandular
Inflorescence: heads in open, rounded to ± flat-topped cymes (sometimes panicle-like); involucre 4.512 mm, bell-shaped to hemispheric; phyllaries ± bristly, glandular or not, tips flat; receptacle hairy; chaff scales strongly fused
Ray flowers 521; corolla tubes 0.51 mm, ligules (2.5)420 mm, fan-shaped, deeply lobed, yellow, base generally maroon-spotted
Disk flowers 2550+, staminate; corollas 2.55 mm, yellow or maroon; anthers yellow or black
Fruit: ray achenes 2.55 mm, compressed side-to-side or ± 3-angled, glabrous, black or dark brown, sometimes mottled, beak 0, pappus 0; disk ovaries slender, much reduced, pappus 0
Ecology: Grassland, open forest
Elevation: < 3350 m.
Bioregional distribution: California Floristic Province (except Channel Islands), Great Basin Floristic Province
Distribution outside California: to n Oregon, Baja California
Highly variable; intermediates blur distinctions among extremes.
Plant 38 dm
Leaves: basal few (rosette poorly developed or 0); cauline linear to (ob)lanceolate, scattered, soft-hairy, glandless to glandular
Inflorescence: involucre 811 mm; phyllary tips ± = body
Ray flowers generally 1214; ligules 1020 mm
Disk flowers generally many; corollas yellow or maroon; anthers black
Fruit: ray achenes 4.55 mm, compressed
Chromosomes: 2n=16
Ecology: Grassy sites, valleys, foothills
Elevation: < 1000(1800) m.
Bioregional distribution: California Floristic Province (except Channel Islands)
Distribution outside California: Oregon
Fl spring
Horticultural information: SUN: 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24.
|YOU CAN HELP US make sure that our distributional information is correct and current. If you know that a plant occurs in a wild, reproducing state in a Jepson bioregion NOT highlighted on the map, please contact us with that information. Please realize that we cannot incorporate range extensions without access to a voucher specimen, which should (ultimately) be deposited in an herbarium. You can send the pressed, dried collection (with complete locality information indicated) to us (e-mail us for details) or refer us to an accessioned herbarium specimen. Non-occurrence of a plant in an indicated area is difficult to document, but we will especially value your input on those types of possible errors (see automatic conversion of distribution data to maps).


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"Tote that bale…" Our Ancestors at Work
By Carolyn L Barkley
I'm celebrating the upcoming Labor Day holiday by revising an article about occupations and their use in genealogical research that appeared here in August 2008. Enjoy your holiday!
Labor Day symbolizes the end of the "carefree days" of summer. Contrary to its name, the holiday is often seen as a day of rest, a brief respite from the cares and concerns of our more complicated working lives. The provenance of the holiday is uncertain. Some believe that Peter J. McGuire, general secretary of the Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners and co-founder of the American Federation of Labor, suggested the holiday concept first, but it may have been Matthew Maguire, who in 1882 served as secretary of the Central Labor Union in New York. (Isn't this a typical genealogical situation: same surname with variant spellings confusing the issue!) On September 5, 1882, the Union planned a demonstration and picnic in New York City, and the event was repeated the following year. As the Central Labor Union spread the word and other union and labor groups supported the concept, many municipal governments and state legislatures enacted laws recognizing a "workingman's holiday." In 1887, Oregon was the first state to enact such a statute, and Colorado, Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York followed suit. Over twenty-three states were already observing the holiday when the U.S. Congress passed a June 1894 act establishing the first Monday in September as a new federal holiday honoring the country's workers.
As a genealogist, when I consider the Labor Day holiday, I think that it should be both a day to "rest" from our daily work and a day to pursue our genealogical "labor of love," a time to research the occupations practiced by our ancestors and to consider the impact of these occupations on their lives.
U.S. federal census enumerations provide the most accessible sources to use in identifying the occupations of our ancestors. Prior to 1850, censuses recorded only aggregate labor statistics: the 1820 and 1830 censuses counted the number of persons in each family who were engaged in agriculture, commerce or manufacturing. The 1840 census expanded on these earlier statistics by counting the number of persons in mining, agriculture, commerce, manufacturing and trade, navigation, learned professions and engineering. The 1850 census once again proves to be a milestone census year for researchers as enumerators no longer indicated simply the number of people in occupational categories, but instead reported exact occupations for all males over the age of fifteen (but no information for females). By 1870, the occupation, profession or trade of every male and female, regardless of age, was enumerated, providing a more comprehensive look at occupations in the United States, as well as a first look at child labor. Subsequent censuses added further detail, including the number of months an individual was employed or unemployed during the census year. The government's growing interest in the capacity of its workforce can be seen by tracking the labor-and occupation-related questions included in each enumeration.
City directories, social security applications, occupational directories, and often obituaries are other sources that can identify how your ancestor spent his or her working life. Other useful sources include the geographically-based research guides published by the Family History Library. For a complete listing, go to familysearch.org. Click on the "Research Helps" tab and, choose "Guidance" in the drop down box. Sort the resulting list by subject by clicking on the appropriate command in the left-hand navigation bar); select "O" from the alphabetic table at the top of the page and scroll down to "Occupations." You will find a listing of twenty state and country research guides that contain occupational information, and you can downloaded most of the guides as a pdf. Printed copies may also be ordered from the site.
Read every document relating to an individual to glean clues as to an occupation. Analyze each piece of occupational information you find. These records may yield clues to differentiate between multiple individuals by the same name in the same location at the same time. You will understand more fully the lifestyle of a specific individual and his or her family. An occupation might have dictated where and under what socio-economic conditions a family lived, as well as what organizations or church the family members might have joined. Frequently, occupational choices influenced succeeding generations, strengthening ties between families by both marriage and common experience.
I have been able to identify occupational trends within family groups in my own research. One ancestor, George Duncan, came to New Haven, Connecticut, from England in the mid-1850s. He was a carriage painter. Frederick Dodd was a "coach body maker" in New Haven at the same time. Knowing his occupation helped me document a move he and his family made to Liberty, Sullivan County, New York (and back to New Haven) in the late 1850s. George Duncan's daughter Kate married Frederick Dodd's son, Frederick O. Dodd, in New Haven. Frederick O. Dodd was employed as a "coach smith." As industry and technology progressed and coach construction and painting skills were no longer required, Frederick O. Dodd and his brother-in-law George H. Duncan both worked for American Express Baggage Service. It would appear that the Duncan and Dodd men's occupation was the common denominator that may have initially brought the two families together.
Occupations such as coach body maker and carriage painter are relatively simple to understand. If you are researching in earlier time periods or in other countries, however, you will encounter occupations that appear obscure, to say the least, and the terms used will require you to use other sources to understand what your ancestor was actually doing. I have found that the Oxford English Dictionary as well as periodical articles and published lists of occupations, are often the best sources for old (and odd) occupational definitions. Do you know what a tide waiter did? a glazier? a peruker? (customs inspector, window glassman, wigmaker, respectively) How about a snobscat? (shoe repairman). A chiffonier is not a fancy scarf, but rather a rag picker. One of my favorite obsolete occupational titles is "hamberghmaker" – not a MacDonald's employee – but an individual who made horse collars.
Several of the standard genealogical how-to books provide little information about occupational research. Cyndi's List of Genealogy Sites on the Internet includes an occupations category with links to several lists of occupations and their corresponding modern titles or definitions. Specialized sites are available for such countries as Germany and Russia, but the majority of sites listed are about occupations in Great Britain. I searched my library collection for "occupations" on LibraryThing and found that I owned a few titles on the topic, all published in Great Britain. Probably the most detailed is An Introduction to Occupations, a Preliminary List, by Joyce Culling (2nd ed., Federation of Family History Societies, 1999). The Family History Library catalog identified several titles, but different search strategies yielded very different results. I found some titles by searching specific occupations or trade names, others by searching occupations in a specific country. Again, Great Britain is the most frequent focus for books with an occupational or occupational/geographic focus. A subject search for "Great Britain – Occupations – Dictionaries" identified The Complete A-Z Guide to Early Occupations: a Complete Guide to 1,700 Old Trades including Job Titles and Descriptions (Genealogy Printers, 2002); I will definitely look at this book the next time I'm in Salt Lake. Other similarly worded subject searches for France or for the United States were unsuccessful.
These brief examples show that occupational research is an important strategy for us to use in learning more about the lives of our ancestors. Our colleagues in Great Britain clearly understand its importance and those of us doing British Isles research will find significant assistance there.
As you "rest" over the Labor Day holiday, I hope you will think take the opportunity to think about the occupation or trade of your ancestors and consider the impact it had on both their families and yours.


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200 Years in Paradise
This genealogy blog shares my Virgin Islands family. I cover general VI records and family history sources, social history, island history, and genealogy techniques and hints. Surnames include van Beverhoudt, Conrad, Magens, De Windt, Pentheny, Colbeth, Moorhead, Robson, Andersen, Scott, Dalton, and related families.
Wednesday, January 22, 2014
There are Benefits to Cleaning Out Your Basement
Well, Monday was a holiday for me but not for my wife, so I figured I'd surprise her and spend my day off cleaning out and organizing the years of junk, rather than "chillaxing" in front of the TV like most sensible people. Since the ceiling is 3' high and I'm 6' 1", it was pretty cramped, and I'm still quite sore, but it was worth it. Not only did I complete a task we've been putting off for years, but I found that box of old papers. That night, I started going through them and made quite a find: the Royal Appointment of my great grandfather, Christian Andreas Conrad, to the office of Toldskontrølor (Comptroller of Customs) of St Croix in 1907.
Monday, December 23, 2013
The Virgin Islands at War
|Painting of the Bombardment of Copenhagen
While Ancestry's name of the collection certainly appears to be an accurate description (the people listed are free, male, live on St Croix, and it was for the year 1807), this isn't a document of a census or a complete listing of free people. The list is only adult males, children aren't recorded. Also it doesn't appear to be comprehensive. It appears that there are names missing from this document. As a quick check, I looked at some burgherbriefs issued in 1806 and early 1807, figuring that those people would likely still be on island. A Charles Ferdinand Wass, born in London, received his brief in December 1806 yet does not appear in the "List of Inhabitants" a year later. Neither does an Alexander Instant, born in Scotland. I also couldn't find Stephen Wheeler, born in North America, yet he received his brief in July 1807.
How useful is a "List of Inhabitants" that doesn't show all the "Inhabitants"? Well, not very, until you notice what the list really is. To do that, I need to digress and discuss a bit of Virgin Island history that isn't as well known as it should be. It is a time when world events reached across the Atlantic to the little Danish islands and brought significant changes, affecting our families and their lives forever.
Tuesday, December 17, 2013
St Croix Death Records on Ancestry.com
The best online collection was the St Croix census. There were indexes at the Danish Demographic Database (http://www.ddd.dda.dk/ddd_en.htm) and VISHA (http://stx.visharoots.org/db.html) and images on Ancestry.com.
There were a few church records on FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/) and the copy of NARA's Colored People records M-1883 on Fold3 (which has since been posted to Ancestry.com).
That was about it.
Saturday, October 26, 2013
St Croix Records Back on Ancestry After a Year
Long time readers will remember that back in May 2012 Ancestry posted a large collection of records from the Virgin Islands (see my post, New Virgin Islands Records on Ancestry.com) and then, a week later, yanked them down. (See Virgin Islands Records Vanished from Ancestry.com). Well, mostly, they're back. Hopefully to stay.
Monday, September 16, 2013
New Book-"Island Boy" by Arnold van Beverhoudt Jr
Genealogists tend to live in the past. A very distant past. Few of them take the time, or have the interest, to document their own lives. After all, our lives are recent. There is no mystery. Besides, our lives aren't interesting unless we are movers and shakers, captains of industry or politicians. Somehow we feel that the life of anyone from the 18th century, no matter how dull, is far more interesting than our own.
Well, one day, the 2013 will be "long ago" and our descendants (avid genealogists, of course) will be building their family history. Of course, they will have all of our wonderful research to build on, but it will suddenly end with us. How will they find out about us? Can you think of a better gift to leave them than a detailed account of our lives? About when and where we lived? What we liked and disliked, our hopes and dreams? About how we were affected by the events of our times? What would you give to find such an account of one of your ancestors?


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Phil Jones, Captain America and the new Vidic
Phil Jones is still only 21. Given the maturity of some of his performances last year, this is something that is sometimes difficult to believe. Jones has, of course, been something of an affectionate figure of fun -- his impressive array of facial expressions have seen to that -- and has, more seriously, faced questions about his best position. Beyond all that, though, he remains, tactically speaking, one of the smartest footballers in Manchester United's squad. If you had to go out on a limb and compare him to a comic book character, you couldn't do much worse than Captain America: not the most elegant or technically gifted, but under his leadership you're most likely to get results.
- Gerrard hopes for post-Fergie 'wobble'
See, here's the thing about Phil Jones. Though he is probably going to end up as a fine and imposing central defender, he has carried out some superb assignments in defensive midfield. It's important to recognise how rare that is. Few footballers can make the seamless transition between centre back and the base of a midfield three -- certainly few English ones, at that. It is difficult to imagine even Rio Ferdinand or John Terry in their prime handling Gareth Bale (away in the Premier League) or Cristiano Ronaldo (away in the UEFA Champions League) as well as Jones did in the centre of the field. Fine players as they both are, they prefer the traditional comforts of their own final third. Of the previous generation of footballers, only Ledley King, a superior ball player to Jones, could have convincingly handled such a brief.
The world's supreme "double expert" at defensive midfield and centre back is, of course, Bayern Munich's Javi Martinez (with an honourable mention for Real Madrid's Pepe); someone whose distribution, again, is far better than that of Jones. Despite that area for improvement, though, the future for the Preston-born player is uncommonly exciting. His apprenticeship in defensive midfield will serve him well when he eventually returns to the centre of defence, as his talent for interceptions will be finely honed. If we look at the most successful centre back partnerships in history, they are those where the two players bring complementary sets of skills. If, say, Jonny Evans and Chris Smalling are to be the understudies in style to Ferdinand, then Phil Jones has the ability to succeed Nemanja Vidic. A comparison with this player might seem premature, but -- like Vidic -- it is Jones' bravery and refusal to be intimidated by an opponent's brawn that marks him out as a truly exciting talent. There was one particular moment against Real Madrid in the Bernabeu, late in the second half, when Jones thrashed out his leg to make a goal-line clearance, that might have most reminded the Serb of himself.
And yes: Jones is only 21. He is the youngest and the least celebrated of his peers in this group of brilliant young players, but his leadership skills, over time, may well emerge as the most remarkable. Under David Moyes, one of the Premier League's keenest observers of the defensive arts, his progress will be of particular interest.


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This article was written by Erica Sin, a Communications and Business Economics major at UCLA who lived in East Anglia/Norwich, United Kingdom and contributed to the Travel Guide Urban Lowdown.
Come on now, you can't come to Norwich and not experience the oldest pub here! I was actually told that it was the oldest pub in all of England, but I'm not quite sure if that's actually true or not. The pub is located in Tombland, right down the street from the cathedral, and it's a wonderful walk from the center of town to the pub.
As soon as you walk in, it's exactly what you would picture a typical English pub to look like - low ceilings, dark lighting, and cozy spaces which create an ambience that matches its history.
Apparently it was built around 1248 (now that's got history, you gotta admit it) and has a nice pub-esque feeling to it. The mood is generally mellow (a nice change from the union bar on the UEA campus), and is the perfect place to hang out with some friends over a few pints.
Pricewise, it is more expensive than some pubs, but the rich history of the place makes up for it. There is a little information plaque on the wall right when you walk in, so you can see exactly where this quaint little pub came from.
Like I said, you can't come to Norwich and not experience the oldest pub. Even if you're not a beer person, it's just too damn cool to pass up.
Click here for the Urban Lowdown website.
Published: Thursday, August 25, 2005
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A crowd begins to gather in Albuquerque, N.M., on Wednesday, Jan. 23, 2013, for a prayer vigil in honor of a couple and their three young children who were shot to death in their home last weekend. Authorities have charged the couple's 15-year-old son, Nehemiah Griego, with murder and child abuse resulting in death. (AP Photo/Susan Montoya Bryan)
Read the article: New Mexico teen spends time at church after family slain


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Born: 5/28/1899
Birthplace: Philadelphia
This film and stage actress appeared in a variety of modern and classic roles on the stage before moving on to film and TV. She appeared in the soap opera As the World Turns and most recently appeared in the films The Fan (1981), Crossing Delancey (1988), and She's Back (1989).Died: 10/24/1997
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Physical activity
Short Text
Increasing physical activity levels will help prevent and manage over 20 conditions and diseases including cancer, coronary heart disease, diabetes, stroke, musculoskeletal conditions and obesity. It can also help to promote mental wellbeing. So it is important that people incorporate regular physical activity into their daily lives.
This pathway includes recommendations for children, young people and adults, including teenage girls and women before, during and after pregnancy.
The recommendations cover policies and strategies to improve the physical environment as a means of encouraging physically active travel and other physical activities. In addition, they advise on action that the NHS and others in the community, workplaces and schools can take to encourage people to be physically active.
Align actions to promote physical activity with strategies to prevent obesity at a community level to ensure a coherent, integrated approach (see the obesity: working with local communities pathway).
Source guidance
The NICE guidance that was used to create the pathway.
Brief physical activity advice in primary care. NICE public health guidance 44 (2013)
Obesity. NICE clinical guideline 43 (2006)
Weight management before, during and after pregnancy. NICE public health guidance 27 (2010)
Prevention of cardiovascular disease. NICE public health guidance 25 (2010)
Promoting physical activity for children and young people. NICE public health guidance 17 (2009)
Promoting physical activity in the workplace. NICE public health guidance 13 (2008)
Maternal and child nutrition. NICE public health guidance 11 (2008)
Physical activity and the environment. NICE public health guidance 8 (2008)
Four commonly used methods to increase physical activity. NICE public health guidance 2 (2006)
Quality standards
Quality statements
Effective interventions library
Successful effective interventions library details
These resources include support for commissioners to plan for costs and savings of guidance implementation and meeting quality standards where they apply.
These resources will help to inform discussions with providers about the development of services and may include measurement and action planning tools.
Education and learning
NICE produces resources for individual practitioners, teams and those with a role in education to help improve and assess users' knowledge of relevant NICE guidance and its application in practice.
Service improvement and audit
These resources provide help with planning ahead for NICE guidance, understanding where you are now, and conducting improvement initiatives.
Pathway information
Updates to this pathway
11 March 2014 Minor maintenance update
24 January 2014 Minor maintenance updates
2 January 2014 Minor maintenance update
23 October 2013 Link to NICE pathway on obesity added to this pathway.
12 June 2013 Minor maintenance to update sustainable development objectives link in the public open spaces node of the physical activity and the environment path.
5 June 2013 Minor maintenance updates.
29 May 2013
A partial update to the guidance 'Four commonly used methods to increase physical activity' (NICE public health guidance 2 [2006]) has resulted in the following changes:
- deleted recommendations addressing health inequalities from the local strategy, policy and commissioning path and added new recommendations on brief advice in primary care – see incorporating brief advice in commissioning and systems to support brief advice
- updated recommendations on the encouraging people to be physically active path in brief advice for adults in primary care
- added a new recommendation to the training for people involved in encouraging others to be physically active path – see information and training in primary care about physical activity and adults.
28 November 2012
Links to the 'Walking and cycling' pathway have been added to:
- physical activity overview
- exercise referral, pedometers, walking and cycling schemes
- exercise referral, pedometers, walking and cycling schemes
Links to the 'Mental wellbeing and older people' pathway have been added to:
- encouraging physical activity to prevent or treat specific conditions
- training for people involved in encouraging others to be physically active
Information about obesity prevention added to introduction, Programme resources, leadership and evaluation, Environment and physical activity, Recommendations about local strategy, policy and commissioning, Local strategy and policy and Addressing health inequalities.
25 May 2012 Minor maintenance updates
25 October 2011 Minor maintenance updates
Supporting information
Physical activity and the environment
It is important to improve the environment to encourage physical activity and evaluate how such improvements impact on the public's health.
Most of NICE's recommendations on physical activity and the environment are relevant when developing local transport plans and guidance using, for example, planning policy guidance 13.
All the recommendations are relevant when developing joint NHS and local authority strategies. They are also relevant when planning and managing the NHS (including its premises).
Physical activity at work
Many employers recognise that they have an obligation to the health and wellbeing of their workforce. Investing in the health of employees can also bring business benefits such as reduced sickness absence, increased loyalty and better staff retention.
NICE's recommendations aim to help employers and workplace health professionals prevent the diseases associated with a lack of physical activity. The recommendations alone will not reverse the current obesity epidemic or other health trends associated with a sedentary lifestyle. However, efforts made in the workplace, alongside wider strategies to increase physical activity levels, could help improve people's health significantly.
Children and young people: key themes
- Promoting the benefits of physical activity and encouraging participation
- Ensuring high-level strategic policy planning for children and young people supports the physical activity agenda
- Consultation with, and the active involvement of, children and young people
- The planning and provision of spaces, facilities and opportunities
- The need for a skilled workforce
- Promoting physically active and sustainable travel.
A national framework for action
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major public health problem. Changes in the risk factors can be brought about by intervening at the population and individual level. Government has addressed – and continues to address – the risk factors at both levels.
Interventions focused on changing an individual's behaviour are important. But changes at the population level could lead to further substantial benefits.
Population-level changes may be achieved in a number of ways but national or regional policy and legislation are particularly powerful levers. See prevention of cardiovascular disease.
The national framework would be established through policy, led by the Department of Health. It would involve government, government agencies, industry and key, non-governmental organisations working together.
The final decision on whether these policy options are adopted – and how they are prioritised – will be determined by government through normal political processes.
Helping women to achieve and maintain a healthy weight
Women will be more likely to achieve and maintain a healthy weight before, during and after pregnancy if they:
- base meals on starchy foods such as potatoes, bread, rice and pasta, choosing wholegrain where possible
- eat fibre-rich foods such as oats, beans, peas, lentils, grains, seeds, fruit and vegetables, as well as wholegrain bread and brown rice and pasta
- eat at least five portions of a variety of fruit and vegetables each day, in place of foods higher in fat and calories
- eat a low-fat diet and avoid increasing their fat and/or calorie intake
- eat as little as possible of fried food; drinks and confectionery high in added sugars (such as cakes, pastries and fizzy drinks); and other food high in fat and sugar (such as some take-away and fast foods)
- eat breakfast
- watch the portion size of meals and snacks, and how often they are eating
- make activities such as walking, cycling, swimming, aerobics and gardening part of everyday life and build activity into daily life – for example, by taking the stairs instead of the lift or taking a walk at lunchtime
- minimise sedentary activities, such as sitting for long periods watching television, at a computer or playing video games
- walk, cycle or use another mode of transport involving physical activity.
Weight-loss programmes are not recommended during pregnancy as they may harm the health of the unborn child.
Physically active travel
Travel offers an important opportunity to help people become more physically active. However, inactive modes of transport have increasingly dominated in recent years. In England, schemes to encourage people to opt for more physically active forms of travel (such as walking and cycling) are 'patchy'.
Physical activity: definition and current UK recommendations
Physical activity includes everyday activity such as walking and cycling to get from A to B, work-related activity, housework, DIY and gardening. It also includes recreational activities such as working out in a gym, dancing, or playing active games, as well as organised and competitive sport. (See the Chief Medical Officers' [CMOs'] report.)
National recommendations
The CMOs' current recommendations for physical activity (see UK physical activity guidelines) state that:
- All adults aged 19 years and over should aim to be active daily.
- Over a week, this should add up to at least 150 minutes (2.5 hours) of moderate intensityModerate-intensity physical activity leads to faster breathing, increased heart rate and feeling warmer. Moderate-intensity physical activity could include walking at 3-4 mph, and household tasks such as vacuum cleaning or mowing the lawn. physical activity in bouts of 10 minutes or more.
- Alternatively, comparable benefits can be achieved through 75 minutes of vigorous intensityVigorous-intensity physical activity leads to very hard breathing, shortness of breath, rapid heartbeat and should leave a person unable to maintain a conversation comfortably. Vigorous-intensity activity could include running at 6-8 mph, cycling at 12-14 mph or swimming slow crawl (50 yards per minute). activity spread across the week or combinations of moderate and vigorous intensity activity.
- All adults should also undertake physical activity to improve muscle strength on at least 2 days a week.
- They should minimise the amount of time spent being sedentary (sitting) for extended periods.
- Older adults (65 years and over) who are at risk of falls should incorporate physical activity to improve balance and coordination on at least 2 days a week.
- Individual physical and mental capabilities should be considered when interpreting the guidelines, but the key issue is that some activity is better than no activity.
Benefits of physical activity
- Prevents and helps to manage conditions such as coronary heart disease, type 2 diabetes, stroke, mental health problems, musculoskeletal conditions and some cancers.
- Has a positive effect on wellbeing, mood, sense of achievement, relaxation and release from daily stress.
Access (accessibility) can mean that a particular place or destination is accessible to local residents using a mode of transport that involves physical activity. Destinations may include work, healthcare and education facilities and shops. It can also mean the ability to use a facility because, for instance, it is free or affordable, it does not require people to travel a long distance to use it and the environment and activities are suitable for those with disabilities. Examples of facilities include playgrounds, parks or open spaces and leisure, youth or community centres.
The Children's Play Council (now Play England) defines play as: ' …freely chosen, personally directed, intrinsically motivated behaviour that actively engages the child...' Active play involves physical activity.
The term 'brief advice' is used in this guidance to mean verbal advice, discussion, negotiation or encouragement, with or without written or other support or follow-up. It can vary from basic advice to a more extended, individually focused discussion.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) includes coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke and peripheral arterial disease. These conditions are frequently brought about by the development of atheroma and thrombosis (blockages in the arteries). They are also linked to conditions such as heart failure, chronic kidney disease and dementia.
An exercise referral scheme directs someone to a service offering an assessment, development of a tailored physical activity programme, monitoring of progress and follow-up. It involves participation by a number of professionals and may require the individual to go to an exercise facility such as a leisure centre.
Mental wellbeing has been defined as life satisfaction, optimism, self-esteem, mastery and feeling in control, having a purpose in life, and a sense of belonging and support. See NHS Health Scotland Mental health improvement programme, background and policy context
Moderate-intensity activity increases breathing and heart rates to a level where the pulse can be felt and the person feels warmer. It might make someone sweat on a hot or humid day (or when indoors).
Children and young people should undertake a range of activities at this level for at least 60 minutes over the course of a day. At least twice a week this should include weight-bearing activities that produce high physical stresses to improve bone health, muscle strength and flexibility. This amount of physical activity can be achieved in a number of short, 10-minute (minimum) bouts.
Movement skills use skeletal muscles to achieve a physical goal. They are learnt and refined throughout life. Gross movement skills include: rolling over, sitting up, crawling, walking, running, jumping, hopping and skipping. Fine movement skills include the ability to manipulate small objects and transfer them from hand to hand, and tasks that involve hand-eye coordination.
Occupational therapy aims to enable people who have physical, mental and/or social needs, either from birth or as a result of accident, illness or ageing, to achieve as much as they can to get the most out of life.
A school travel plan is a written document detailing a package of measures to improve safety and reduce car use, backed by a partnership involving the school, education and local authority transport officers, the police and the health authority. It is based on consultation with teachers, parents, pupils and governors and other local people. It must include: information about the school, a description and analysis of journeys made and the associated problems, a survey of pupils' current and preferred mode of travel, consultation findings, clearly defined targets and objectives, details of proposed measures and a timetable for implementation, clearly defined responsibilities and proposals for monitoring and review.
Sport is all forms of physical activity which, through casual or organised participation, aim at expressing or improving physical fitness and mental wellbeing, forming social relationships or obtaining results in competition at all levels.
Traffic calming is a means of restricting vehicle speeds, primarily using traffic engineering measures such as speed bumps.
Walking and cycling schemes are defined as organised walks or rides.
Weight management before, during and after pregnancy includes:
- assessing and monitoring body weight
- preventing someone from becoming overweight (body mass index [BMI] 25-29.9 kg/m2) or obese (BMI greater than or equal to 30 kg/m2)
- helping someone to achieve and maintain a healthy weight before, during and after pregnancy by eating healthily and being physically active and gradually losing weight after pregnancy.
Children and young people
Encouraging children and young people to be physically active
Encouraging children and young people to be physically active
Children and young people: key themes
- Promoting the benefits of physical activity and encouraging participation
- Ensuring high-level strategic policy planning for children and young people supports the physical activity agenda
- Consultation with, and the active involvement of, children and young people
- The planning and provision of spaces, facilities and opportunities
- The need for a skilled workforce
- Promoting physically active and sustainable travel.
Who should take action?
Employers or supervisors of people who provide programmes and opportunities for children and young people aged 18 and under.
What action should they take?
Ensure informal and formal physical activity sessions for children and young people (including play) are led by staff or volunteers who have achieved the relevant sector standards or qualifications for working with children. This includes the requirements for child protection, health and safety, equality and diversity.
Ensure staff and volunteers have the skills (including interpersonal skills) to design, plan and deliver physical activity sessions (including active play sessions) that meet children and young people's different needs and abilities. Those leading activities should make them enjoyable. The leaders should also be inspiring. They should raise children and young people's aspirations about what they can participate in – and the level of ability they can achieve. In addition, leaders should help foster children and young people's personal development.
Use community networks and partnerships to encourage, develop and support local communities and volunteers involved in providing physical activities for children and young people. For recommendations on the principles of networking and partnership working, see the NICE pathway on community engagement.
Employers should provide regular and relevant development opportunities for employees and volunteers. The impact on practitioner performance and on children and young people's experiences should be monitored.
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Information and training in primary care about physical activity and adults
Information and training in primary care about physical activity and adults
Information and training in primary care about physical activity and adults
Commissioners of health services, including primary care and public health services should provide information and training for primary care practitioners on how to provide brief advice on physical activity. This should cover:
- how physical activity promotion fits within their remit and how it can help prevent and manage a range of health conditions (see benefits of physical activity)
- the definition of physical activity: what constitutes moderate and vigorous physical activity, and what intensity, duration and frequency of physical activity is needed to achieve the UK physical activity guidelines (see physical activity: definition and current UK recommendations)
- groups more likely to be inactive (see incorporating brief advice in commissioning in this pathway)
- misconceptions about who needs to increase their physical activity (based, for example, on visual cues such as body weight)
- how to undertake physical activity assessments
- local opportunities for physical activity
- the needs of specific groups, such as people with disabilities, including local opportunities for them to be physically active
- delivery of brief advice including, for example, the skills to motivate people to change (see the NICE pathway on behaviour change).
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General training and continuing professional development
General training and continuing professional development
Who should take action?
Education and training organisations.
What action should they take?
Establish continuing professional development (CPD) programmes for people involved in organising and running formal and informal physical activities. The education and training should enable them to:
- give children and young people information and advice on physical activity, taking into account their needs (for example, their developmental age, physical ability and any medical conditions they may have)
- give children and young people confidence in their own abilities and motivate them to be physically active (this includes encouraging them to set goals, where appropriate)
- understand the practical issues and problems that may discourage families or groups of children and young people from getting involved. (This may include, for example, time constraints, access issues – including accessibility for those with a disability – and the cultural appropriateness of activities)
- develop and foster partnership working and get the local community involved.
Monitor and evaluate the impact of training on practitioner performance.
Train people to deliver physical activity CPD programmes.
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Working with older people in primary, community and residential care – mental wellbeing and older people pathwayView the 'Training for those working with older people in primary, community and residential care' node
Paths in this pathway
- Physical activity strategy, policy and commissioning
- Training for people involved in encouraging others to be physically active
- Physical activity in the workplace
- Encouraging people to be physically active
- Encouraging physical activity to prevent or treat specific conditions
- Making changes in other areas to encourage physical activity
- Local services: areas of work in relation to physical activity
- Physical activity and schools
- Local strategy, policy and commissioning for physical activity
- Transport and physical activity
- Physical activity and the environment
Pathway created: May 2011 Last updated: March 2014
Copyright © 2014 National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. All Rights Reserved.


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With floodwaters expected to peak in most of the worst-hit areas later Tuesday, officials were rushing to move those in the highest-risk areas to safety.
In the hard-hit city of Bundaberg, 385 kilometers (240 miles) north of Brisbane, rescue crews plucked 1,000 people to safety after the river that runs through town broke its banks, sending fast-moving, muddy water pouring into streets and homes. Around 1,500 residents fled to evacuation centers, while patients at the local hospital were being airlifted to Brisbane as a precaution.
"Listen to the roar of the water—that's not helicopters," Queensland Premier Campbell Newman said. "You see a lot of locations where there are literally sort of rapids. There's white water out there, so it is very dangerous."
Between 2,500 and 3,000 homes and 200 to 300 businesses were inundated with water, Bundaberg Mayor Mal Forman said.
Queensland residents and officials were being particularly cautious, after floodwaters from heavy rain in late 2010 and early 2011 left much of the state under water in the worst flooding Australia had seen in decades. The 2010-2011 floods killed 35 people, damaged or destroyed 30,000 homes and businesses and left Brisbane, Australia's third-largest city, under water for days.
The current flood crisis was not as severe, though some areas in northern New South Wales were hit by more than half a meter (about 20 inches) of rain, State Emergency Services Deputy Commissioner Steve Pearce said. Four people have died, including a 3-year-old boy who was hit by a falling tree in Brisbane.
"We're expecting flash flooding, we're expecting trees to be brought down, wires to be brought down by these winds," Pearce said. "We're expecting a very challenging 24 hours in front of us."
In the New South Wales city of Grafton, 600 kilometers (370 miles) north of Sydney, the river peaked just below the top of the levee wall, prompting relief among officials who had ordered an evacuation affecting 2,500 residents.
"It does appear as though the worst of it is over," New South Wales Premier Barry O'Farrell said.
The flooding was caused by the remnants of a tropical cyclone that sparked tornadoes and created sea foam that came ashore on the Queensland coast. The foam covered roads in places, causing traffic to be diverted. Elsewhere, beach-goers waded into the bubbles to pose for photographs.
Australia has been suffering through a summer of weather extremes, with blistering temperatures and dry conditions igniting hundreds of wildfires across the southern half of the country.


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Ruling me, Run Away, Hang On, and Memories are by far the best songs on the album. Better question: What's everyones favorite song on Pinkerton? Answer: Butterfly.
i hate best buy. i call them WORST buy
jennifer said:wouldnt know.. went to Best Buy today to get cd... they told me Weezer has't came out with new cd.... I just looked at the dude like he was crazy. He said he looked it up... whatever. WIll pick it up tomorrow.. FOR THE WIN