Support Vector Machine (SVM) is a very popular arithmetic, based on SVM, developed a paper defects recognition system. In the stage of paper defects image segmentation, proposed a algorithm based on the SVM, While in the stage of paper defects feature extraction, applied a multi-class SVM to classify the paper defects. Experimental results show that the proposed system yields faster recognition speed and the average recognition rate of 97%,which performance is significantly better than BP neural network algorithm.


The inventive activity of people should be protected for the authors to receive recognition, as well as material and financial rights. The patent is a unique title for protection of results with industrial application, giving to holder the possibility of valorization of his exclusive right of exploitation for entire period of validity. Also, a patent can block the exploitation of the invention to be performed without the consent of author.


SMS has become one of the most widely used communication methods because of its cheapness and convenience.The design of a SMS platform is presented in this paper,which consists of a mobile phone component,a multithreaded receiving and sending SMS module and an editing and browsing SMS module.This platform can work in the environment with several GSM Modems.


We present a general method using local intensity information and PCA to detect objects characterized only by that they differ from their surroundings. We apply our method to the problem of automatically detecting virus particle candidates in transmission electron microscopy images. Viruses have very different shapes and sizes, many species are spherical whereas others are highly pleomorphic. To detect any kind of virus particles in electron microscopy images it is therefore necessary to use a method not restricted to detection of a specific shape. The method proposed here uses only one input parameter, the approximate virus thickness, which is a conserved feature within a virus species. It is capable to detect virus particles of very varying shapes. Results on images with highly textured background of several different virus species are presented.


In this paper, we focus on the two-coupled-oscillator model in optics chiral molecular medium. We perform scale transformations for variables and study the existence of periodic solutions in detail for the two-coupled-oscillator system. We obtain the Melnikov function by establishing the curvilinear coordinate transformation and constructing a Poincaré map. Then the existence of periodic solutions of this oscillator system is analyzed when unperturbed system is Hamiltonian system. We apply them to discuss the upper bound of periodic solutions of this oscillator system and give the configuration of the phase diagram by numerical simulation. It has great theoretical significance to study the non-planar motion of the two-coupled-oscillator system for analyzing dynamic characteristics in optics chiral molecular medium.


Web search engines play a significant role in many applications in our everyday lives. Among them, online shopping is one major technological advancement which has made our life easier and comfortable. Currently, most e-commerce websites support either text-based or voice-based search. The problem with text and voice-based approaches is that they need an appropriate item name or description for the search results to be accurate. Also, with the huge variety of items available online, it is not easy to find the desired object in the top results. Lately, some top e-commerce websites started supporting visual search, where the user can submit an image of an item they'd like to find. However, this domain is still in its infancy. In this work, we propose ViSeR, a visual search engine architecture using deep learning and machine learnging techniques, with a proof-of-concept implementation focusing on the fashion eretail industry. ViSeR first classifies the query image to the right category using image classification. Then all the images in that category are ranked based on their similarity and the top images are retrieved as recommendations. We present in detail the experimental results with different deep and machine learning algorithms and provide additional details with regards to deploying this model to achieve high accuracy and low latency (in terms of training and recommendation time).


In an EU CRAFT project (COOP-CT-2004-508458) running from March 2004 to March 2006, an international consortium of producers of environmen-tally benign crop inputs (BFPs: Biological Food for Plants), RTD performers and end users, evaluated the production and use of BFPs manufactured from differ-ent raw materials: bovine hides, trees, and herba-ceous species. At the manufacturing level, production methods and procedures were reviewed to establish possible relationships between processing steps and end-product quality. At the field level, the BFP prod-ucts were applied as solid pellets or liquids, as fertil-isers or sprays, respectively, on organically grown potatoes and tomatoes and conventionally grown watermelon, cauliflower, strawberries, black currant, raspberries and apples. Evaluations were made of yield, plant health, quality aspects, and environmental effects of the products. In this paper, some Polish crop growth results are presented. In most of the experiments the solid BFP fertilisers did not give positive growth effects additional to those obtained with conventional fertilisers, probably because of the very high fertility levels of the soils used. One of the liquid BFP products applied as a spray performed very well in most experiments. It is concluded that espe-cially liquid BFPs can have very promising effects on crop performance and as such they merit much more scientific attention than what is evident to date.


Public land managers, destination planners and entrepreneurs who work with natural and cultural resources require tools to guide their management and marketing strategies in order to ensure sustainability. A Nature and Ecotourism Experience Classification Schema (NEECS) is proposed as a means of assisting the aforementioned in achieving their goals. The framework categorizes nature and ecotourism experiences in a manner that allows empirical testing of theories related to the continua proposed by a number of researchers. The indicators in NEECS allow for the comparing and contrasting of experiences. Land and destination managers that use ROS, TOS or ECOS can use NEECS to evaluate experiences in light of community and sustainable management goals. Entrepreneurs can use the tool to identify opportunities for the development of new experiences, to contrast their offerings with those of competitors, and to create a competitive advantage.


The purpose of this study to determine the relationship of brand trust dimension to brand loyalty of samsung mobile users at State University Students in Yogyakarta. Data collection methods used are brand trust scales divided into scale of brand reliability dimensions and dimensions of brand intentions, and brand loyalty scale. Data analysis was done by multiple regression analysis technique and correlational multiple regression test. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between brand trust on brand loyalty of mobile phone users samsung at state university students in Yogyakarta with significance value p = 0,007 and p 0,05, thus major hypothesis accepted. Based on the results of statistical calculations show that the effective contribution of brand trust on brand loyalty of 9.8% with R square = 0.098. The brand reliability dimension is strongly related to brand loyalty with significance value of p = 0,02 and p 0,05, whereas the dimension of brand intention is not related to brand loyalty with significance value 0,232 and p 0,05, hence minor hypothesis accepted is dimension brand reliability


The presence of seminal plasma (SP) damages spermatozoa during cryopreservation, but it is necessary in thaw media to improve semen quality (Okazaki et al, 2009, Theriogenology, 71, 491-498). Thus, we tested the addition of 10% SP in thawed boar semen. Four sperm-rich fraction collections from six boars (n=24) were made. Samples were divided in three aliquots namely no-centrifuged (NC), centrifuged resuspended (CR) and centrifuged without SP (CS). After centrifugation (500xg/10min) of CR and CS, the supernatant (SP) of CS was removed and the sample recentrifuged (2500xg/30min), after that SP was filtered through 0.22μm membranes and stored at -80°C for future use. CR was resuspended in its own SP. All treatments were extended in freezing extender (Botupharma®, Botucatu-SP, Brazil) to obtain a final concentration of 300x106 sperm/mL. The extended semen was packaged in 0.5mL straws. The straws were freeze in an automatic system (TK Tecnologia em Congelacao®, Uberaba-MG, Brazil) using a rate of -0.5°C/min until 5°C, -20°C/min until -120°C and then immersed in liquid nitrogen (-196°C). Two straws were thawed in water-bath at 37°C/30s and extended 1:1 (semen:extender) in freezing extender. From CS added 10% SP (v:v) in freezing media originated treatment centrifuged added SP (CP). The samples remained in water-bath at 37°C until 120 min, and evaluated at 5, 60 and 120 min. The samples were analyzed by the semen computerized analysis system (SCA-Microptic®, Microptic S.L., Barcelona, Spain). The experimental design was randomized blocks added to repeated measures in time factor. The data were analyzed by SAS program (SAS Institute Inc., 2010) and subjected to analysis of mixed models. The results did not show time x treatment interaction, and then the treatment effects were analyzed by orthogonal contrasts (centrifugation effect NCxCR; with SP effect CSxCP; without SP effect CSxNC+CP). The results did not show time x treatment interaction (P>0.05) for any of the variables (TM: 9.39 ± 1.11; 8.67 ± 1.05; 9.01 ± 1.3; 11.67 ± 1.24, PM: 7.61 ± 0.99; 6.91 ± 0.91; 7.48 ± 1.18; 9.62 ± 1.24; among NC, CR, CS e CP respectively, P>0.05) thus, the principal effect was analyzed. The centrifugation did not affect (P>0.05) total and progressive motilities. Therefore, if variables had an effect, it was due to SP presence. Motile and progressive spermatozoa increased (P 0.05) the variables. Thus, addition of 10% SP after thawing improves semen quality.


Henry James' The American, influenced by de Tocqueville's studies of American democracy, creates a paradigm of Franco-American images of each other which will persist, with variations and reversals, until almost the end of the Cold War. Simply put, the French see the Americans as wealthy, yet culturally naïve, while the Americans see the French as highly cultivated but duplicitous. The United States is the present and the future, while France is the past.


In Tibetan literature dealing with the introduction of the Buddhist doctrine into Sikkim and the definitive opening of dPal gyi 'bras mo gshongs as a 'hidden land' (sbas yul), one becomes acquainted with a group of 'Four Yogins' (rnal 'byor bzhi) or 'Four Yogins [who are] brothers' (rnal 'byor mched bzhi). They are said to have entered the fertile region in the eastern Himalayas known for its cultivation of rice through entry points in the four cardinal directions and to have met at Yug bsam Nor bu sgang in 1642 in order to install the first Buddhist king of the realm (who is counted as one of the group of four):


If it is desired to use fine wires of diameter a instead of these flat strips, an elementary argument shows that the characteristic impedance is given.


Here is an analysis on the construction wastes' composition and its utilizing approaches and also a tentative idea of the production processes and technological methods of the recycled aggregate according to the current situation in our country;in addition,the recycled concrete's performance and an economic analysis on the feasibility of recycling aggregate are introduced as well.


The monitoring system for freight trains described in this study can read data from sensors and connect with other monitoring systems while being powered by a circuit that uses energy-harvesting technology. Such gadgets can be added to a freight car later or placed from the start and provide information about the condition and location of the train car permanently or upon request. This device may have a crucial feature in that it generates its own operating energy while the train car is moving rather than relying on an electronic circuit connected to the grid for electricity.


Simulation technology can simulate the walking state of passenger flow in urban rail transit stations. The passenger flow density map obtained by simulation can be used to calculate and analyze the effectiveness of passenger flow organization measures. During the morning and evening peak hour, the imbalance of passenger flow in urban rail transit stations brings great challenges to passenger flow organization. This study analyzes the effect of passenger flow organization measures through simulation under the given channel width of 3 meters and 4 meters. The results show that the smaller the channel width, the greater the role of mobile diversion and isolation facilities during morning and evening peak hours, and the maximum passing capacity can be increased by nearly 50%. This method can provide reference for the optimization of passenger flow organization.


This paper develops a novel most unfavorable earthquake ground motion selection procedure for the nonlinear time history analysis of important structures.The skyline query originated from the computer science is first introduced,including its concept and related algorithms.Then,the ground motion selection procedure based on skyline query is developed.Meanwhile,a new five-dimensional vector-valued intensity measure is defined as a critical ingredient of the proposed selection procedure to comprehensively measure the damage potential of ground motions.Thirdly,the process of the selection procedure is illustrated by examples of three shear models;and its efficiency is also validated through the examples.Finally,the spectral shape of the ground motions filtered by the selection procedure is discussed.Through the examples of three shear models and the discussion about the spectral shape,the ground motion selection procedure based on skyline query proposed in this paper it is proved to be capable of selecting limited set of ground motions with high damage potentials for the nonlinear time history analysis purpose.


Wind tunnel tests are carried out at the Aerodynamics Laboratory of the Ecole Nationale des Arts et Métiers (ENSAM) in Paris on 50 mm and 130 mm diameter rotating circular cylinder in infinite aspect ratio or finite aspect ratio of 3 to 6, with or without rotating endplates. Aerodynamic forces are measured by a 5-components balance and by integrating pressures over three sections along the span of the rotating cylinder.
The tests carried out at Reynolds numbers between 13,500 and 70,000 are significant and make it possible to dispense tests at high flow speeds.
The results, based on pressure measurements, indicate that the rotation of the cylinder drives the fluid in a spiral motion along the span, winding the flow, accompanied by a very strong increase in the drag coefficient between the middle and the top of the cylinder.
The interaction between two rotating cylinders, spaced out by 6 diameters, decreases the ratio CL / CD of the thruster reducing its propulsive performance at close wind angles (30°


The μ2-bridging bidentate coordination modes of the crystallographically unique phthalate ligands in piperazinediium bis(μ2-phthalato)zincate(II) monohydrate (1) result in Zn···Zn separations of 5.839(5) and 8.142(3) Å respectively leading to a one-dimensional Zn(II) ladder. The organic cation, ladder complex anion and lattice water in (pipH2)[Zn(pt)2]·H2O (1) (pipH2= piperazinediium, pt = phthalate) assemble into a unique supramolecular network, resulting in the following H-bonded sequence, viz., water···cation···water···ladder···water in the crystallographic ac plane.


In the DSPs project,the C code optimization is very important.This paper illustrates the method to reach high performance for TI C6000 DSPs according to C6000 DSPs' unique hardware structure.Then analyze the result of the optimization.At last,this paper introduce some practical skills in the project of speech enhancement.


Acceptance control charts provide control limits for processes in which the natural dispersion is small and the process mean may be permitted to vary. These control limits are based on specification limits and on permitted probabilities of making incorrect decisions of "acccptance" or "rejection." This article deals with acceptance control charts in which two processes, or two characteristics of a product. are controlled for simultaneous conformance to specitication limits or standards. The proccsscs can be positively or negatively correlated. Sample sizes and control limits are derived for each chart, using cost minimization or maximumsample-size minimization as criteria. The analysis is also applicable to acceptance sampling.


A grant is an agreement whereby a free grant is given to the grantee, the
process can't be withdrawn, and must be done by notarial deed. A deed of grant if
done in accordance with the terms of the validity of the agreement will not be a
dispute, but the dispute may occur if the granee doesn't want the grant to be
granted because the process of manufacture in't in accordance with Article 1320
of the Civil Code. The problem is the dispute over the cancellation of the deed of
grant to the child that isn't in accordance with the terms of the validity of the
agreement and the legal consequences of such cancellation. Types of data used
include priper data and secondary data. The method of approach in this study
using normative judicial, then used the type of research descriptively. The data
analysis used in a qualitative method of analysis, a study that is reviewed from the
court decision. The data obtained in this study include literature study and field
study.


Using a large sample of US listed companies, we show that the relation between financial constraints and investment-cash flow sensitivity is non-linear. The different results generated in previous studies could be explained by sample selection problems. We show that when using actual level of investment in the regression, as in the standard investment literature, coefficient on cash flow cannot be an accurate measure of financial constraints. The monotonic and positive relationship between financial constraints and investment-cash flow sensitivity is not robust in large-sample studies using detailed classification scheme.


Anthropological studies and recent evidence from cross-cultural psychology suggest considerable variations in the way prosocial behavior is conceptualized and embedded in social interactions across cultures. Important questions are which aspects of different ecosocial contexts might explain these variations and how these aspects influence prosocial development throughout ontogeny. Here, building on the ecosocial model of culturally informed development (Keller, 2007), we hypothesize two prototypical developmental pathways towards prosocial behavior. In relational contexts, i.e., rural areas of non-Western countries, social interactions and the concept of prosociality is guided by interpersonal responsibilities. Conversely, in autonomous contexts, i.e. urban middle-class settings in Western countries, social interactions and the concept of prosociality is guided by an emphasis on personal choice. Furthermore, we point out three perspectives for future cross-cultural research on prosocial development. It is essential (1) to further investigate the cultural influences on prosocial development, (2) to understand the mechanisms of cultural transmission in different contexts, and (3) to identify the motivational processes underlying early prosocial behavior. We conclude that prosocial development can only be fully understood also taking into account a cultural perspective. In particular, future cross-cultural research may lead to a better understanding of the complex interplay between phylogenetic and ontogenetic factors underlying prosocial development.


SUMMARY The effects of displacement ventilation combined with a floor cooling system on indoor climate in a simulated office room were examined by experimental measurements. The aims of the study were to verify and extend the results of previous measurements and to investigate the system functionality at low air flow rates. Vertical air temperature, operative temperature, air velocity profiles and equivalent temperatures were used to characterize thermal comfort. Contaminant removal effectiveness and local air change index were measured in order to characterize ventilation effectiveness in the occupied zone . Vertical air temperature differences of 5-6 K for a sitting person occurred, except for one case when the temperature of the simulated window was decreased. In the occupant´s breathing zone the ventilation effectiveness was always better than in other points in the room and even at the lowest nominal air change rate of 1.5 h -1 it was significantly better than 1.


On the base of further recognition of electronic and papery document,this paper points out that the book reservation mode is gradually changing,the two kinds of reserved documents should keep to the principle of coexistence and complementation,the relation between two kinds should be correctly dealt with,in the end,the document information resource might be properly collocated.Through analysis and research the portion of different kind of varied subject should be determined and the reservation mode agreed with its own need should be established.


In an effort to observe Delbruck scattering the absolute differential cross sections for the elastic scattering of 1.33-Mev gamma rays by lead, tin, and uranium and of 2.62-Mev gamma rays by lead and tin have been measured for angles between 15 and 105 degrees. The observed scattering is the coherent sum of Delbruck, Rayleigh, and nuclear Thomson scattering. The amplitude for the latter process is well known; recent calculations of Rayleigh scattering, which are in good agreement with data obtained previously in this laboratory for gamma- ray energies below 1 Mev, provide exact values of the amplitudes at 1.33 Mev and approximate values at 2.62 Mev. At 1.33 Mev, the difference between the observed scattering and that due to the Rayleigh and Thomson processes is not sufficiently large compared with experimental error to permit a definite identification of Delbruck scattering to be made. At 2.62 Mev, for lead, the experimental cross sections at intermediate angles (30 to 75 degrees) are substantially larger than those calculated by extrapolation of the exact calculations, even when reasonable allowance for error in the extrapolation is made. The most probable explanation for this difference is an appreciable contribution from Delbruck scattering. (auth)


I.M. Pei, 2nd generation Chinese immigrant to America, has been one of the most recognized architects who designs museum architecture through out the world for completing significant projects such as the East Building of National Gallery of Art(1068-78) as well as Le Grand Louvre Renovation(1983-89) to name a few. His museum architecture, in particular, reveals his detailed consideration on viewer's artistic experience by providing well balanced architecture design to support exhibiting objects while showing his sensitivity on overall functionality of space. In recent projects such as Miho Museum in Japan, Suzhou Museum of China, and Museum of Islamic Art of Qatar, reveals his growing interests in considering "local context" in museum architecture. Therefore, the purpose of this study is focused on analyzing I.M. Pei's three museum projects having its concept focused on local context. Through out the paper, above mentioned museums were analyzed and compared to summarize his design characters and concept including site plan, spatial organization and architectural form. As a result, it is evident that I.M. Pei had put full effort to apply oriental context with modernism through out his museums. In particular, his site plan, spatial organization, and architectural form shows visible connection to comply with nature which is fundamental idea in oriental philosophy. While his basic design philosophy has been borrowed from the tradition, his ultimate design concept shows nature friendliness as well as theoretical system of thoughts and emotion and most of all, his design excellency in representing local context.


The so called "civil morals" has three main features: it is an "Ethics of minimals", it is fully rational, and it is established by consensus. Nonetheless, ethics is not measured by the number of precepts, and ethical systems cannot be classified by the yardstick of quantity. Moreover, it is a false ground to think of it as a uniform reasonal thinking versus a plurality in religious beliefs. And if consensus is just the result of a ballot box, it can easily become the dictatorship of the majority. So the civil morals should be sought in the widespread sense of justice instead of setting up a new system.


A motor vehicle headlight comprising a mirror (20) of the ellipsoidal kind with two focal regions (F1, F2), a light source (10, 11) positioned in the first focal region, and a convergent lens (40) focused on the region of the second focus and at least an optical plate (50, 50) exposed to the light emitted directly by the light source and comprising optical processing means (51) capable of returning at least a portion of said direct light in the field of illumination of projecteur.Selon the invention, there is provided between the mirror and the lens frame of an intermediate piece (30) fixed to the mirror, and said intermediate piece comprises means (34) for fixing optique.Application said plate to headlamps of the elliptical enlarged illuminating kind.


Last year, for example, Professor Allan Dershowitz of Harvard Law School argued in the wake of the 11 September terrorist attacks that torture should be allowed in certain circumstances because some of the people detained in United States gaols refused to say anything at all. He proposed that federal judges should be allowed to issue 'torture warrants' to legalise certain forcible practices in interrogation of suspects.


The spatiotemporal variability of meteorological droughts, its changes and hot spots location across Africa are analysed for the period spanning 1928–2017 using the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) applied to the precipitation products from the Climatic Research Unit (CRU), University of Delaware (UDEL) and Global Precipitation Climatology Centre (GPCC). Spatially, an analysis based on rotational empirical orthogonal function identifies five regions of similar drought variability, namely the Sahel, East Africa, East Southern Africa, West Southern Africa and the Gulf of Guinea. Temporally, the most common periods of drought occurrence are the 1970s, the 1980s and, to a lesser extent, the 1990s. Changes in drought characteristics for the intermediate past (1958–1987) and recent past (1988–2017) compared to the far past (1928–1957) indicate robust increases of drought duration, frequency and severity in the Sahel, and to a lower extent in the Gulf of Guinea, some areas of Central Africa, part of Southern Africa and over Madagascar. These changes are stronger (weaker) along the Sahel during the intermediate past (recent past) and stronger (weaker) over Central and Southern Africa and Madagascar during the recent past (intermediate past). As a consequence, drought hot spots, mostly driven by severity during the regions' wet season, are identified in areas confined in the Sahel during the intermediate past and in regions mainly over Central and Southern Africa and Madagascar during the recent past. Our results are useful for drought disaster risk management across Africa and provide a valuable reference for future drought analysis under global warming conditions.


A respective nodes and volumes in the fixed content storage cluster, based on the request from the client application and the node does not exist over a set period, to determine independently whether to suppress the power consumption. Node Configuration Parameters sleepAfter and wakeAfter show respectively the waiting time before resuming the integrity check during the waiting time and idle until the node or volume idle. Each node calculates a bid (bid) value. Bid value, writes the node file, read the file, or indicate the cost to hold a copy of the file. Node with the minimum bid value will win the bid. Node of the idle state, as definitive in the idle node remain idle, premium is added to each bid value. Typically, nodes with greater capacity, presents a smaller bid values for writing files. In the archive mode, writing bid value has the meaning of the reverse, the node with a smaller capacity, presents a smaller bid value. Thus, in the full faster closer node by full capacity, was then set to the idle state, on the other hand, maintain the air or nearly empty node, until win write bid (bid), during some time idle can do. .FIELD 1


The Medical Treatment of Epilepsy Stanley R. Resor and Henn Kutt; eds. 768 pages. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc.; 1992. $195.00. A substantial and detailed text that opens with seizure classification, decisions to treat, basic pharmacologic principles, use of drugs in children and the elderly, prophylactic use, factors affecting seizure frequency, and procedures for stopping drug therapy. The second section reviews the characteristics of the major seizure groups. The third section considers nonepileptic events that present as seizures; the fourth section summarizes surgical interventions. The fifth section reviews antiepileptic drugs in detail. The subsequent chapters survey other treatments, drugs for myoclonus, investigational therapies, legal and regulatory issues, and other special problems such as genetic influences, counselors' functions, and pregnancy.


uctuations in consumption growth. Furthermore, our model matches most of the business cycles properties of the economy and essentially the high volatility of consumption and investment with respect to output. These results are in line with the business cycle literature on African economies and also robust to the introduction of news shocks, measurement errors and dierent preferences specications.


Six MnII 3-sulfobenzoate complexes with neutral ligands, [Mn(4,4′-bipy)2(H2O)4](3-sb)·3H2O (1), {[Mn(3-sb)(bpe)1.5(H2O)2](bpe)0.5·H2O}n (2), [Mn(3-sb)(phen)(H2O)3](4,4′-bipy)·H2O (3), [Mn2(3-sb)2(phen)2 (4,4′-bipy)(H2O)4] (4), [Mn(3-sb)(phen)2(H2O)] (bpe)0.5·4H2O (5), and [Mn(3-sb)(phen)2(H2O)](bpe)0.5·H2O (6) [where 3-sb is 3-sulfobenzoate, 4,4′-bipy is 4,4′-bipyridine, bpe is 1,2-bis(4-pyridine)ethylene, and phen is 1,10-phenanthroline], were synthesized and characterized by several modern analytic methods. The molecular structures for the six complexes are monomers for complexes 3, 5, and 6, cation–anion species for complex 1, dimer for complex 4, and 1-D polymer for complex 2. The phen ligands in complexes 3 and 4 generate some effects on the hydrogen-bonding network, π–π interactions, and supramolecular assembly. TG analysis showed that desolvated complexes containing 4,4′-bipy are less stable than those of complexes containing bpe ligands. The emission strength order is 1 > 5 > 6 > 3 > 2 > 4, while the UV-vis absorption strengths are 4 > 3 > 1 for complexes containing 4,4′-bipy, and 5 > 6 > 2 for bpe metal complexes. The catalytic experiments showed that these six complexes are catalytically active for the disproportionation of H2O2 in the presence of imidazole and complex 3 has the best catalytic activity.


PURPOSE: An apparatus for removing slag from surface table of a cutter is provided to improve cutting accuracy of an iron plate and reduce defects thus increase productivity by efficiently removing slag adhered onto a rectangular lattice shaped surface table supporting the iron plate at the lower part of an iron plate cutter. CONSTITUTION: The apparatus for removing slag from surface table of a cutter comprises a base(10) which is formed so that the base(10) is moved by a wheel(11) and a handle(12); a cutting device(20) which is mounted on one end of the base(10) and removes slag; and an operating panel for controlling a controller(31) of a motor(21) to convey driving force of the motor(21) to the cutting device(20), wherein the cutting device(20) comprises a column fixed to the base(10), a slider mounted on the column so that the slider is moved up and down, a cutter rotationally mounted on the slider, a crank(25) which is interposed between the slider and the motor to convert rotational motion into straight reciprocating motion, and a connecting rod.


The solar chromosphere has never been static although it was often modeled so. Even the quiet-sun internetwork chromosphere has become thoroughly dynamic with the acoustic shock interpretation of the Ca II K2V grains. We concentrate on the latter in this brief review. Recent analysis of ASP data confirms that their excitation is more likely set acoustically than magnetically. TRACE imagery permits seeing-free studies of their occurrence patterns.


Background Endothelial dysfunction promotes atherosclerosis. We investigated whether in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using an albumin‐binding contrast agent, gadofosveset, could monitor the efficacy of minocycline and ebselen in reducing endothelial permeability and atherosclerotic burden in the brachiocephalic artery of high‐fat diet (HFD)–fed ApoE−/− mice. Methods and Results ApoE−/− mice were scanned 12 weeks after commencement of either a normal diet (controls) or an HFD. HFD‐fed ApoE−/− mice were either untreated or treated with minocycline or ebselen for 12 weeks. Delayed‐enhancement MRI and T1 mapping of the brachiocephalic artery, 30 minutes after injection of gadofosveset, showed increased vessel wall enhancement and relaxation rate (R1, s−1) in untreated HFD‐fed ApoE−/− mice (R1=3.8±0.52 s−1) compared with controls (R1=2.15±0.34 s−1, P<0.001). Conversely, minocycline‐treated (R1=2.7±0.17 s−1, P<0.001) and ebselen‐treated (R1=2.7±0.23 s−1, P<0.001) ApoE−/− mice showed less vessel wall enhancement compared with untreated HFD‐fed ApoE−/− mice. Mass spectroscopy showed a lower gadolinium concentration in the brachiocephalic artery of treated (minocycline=28.5±3 μmol/L, ebselen=32.4±4 μmol/L) compared with untreated HFD‐fed ApoE−/− mice (191±4.8 μmol/L) (P<0.02). Both interventions resulted in a lower plaque burden as measured by delayed‐enhancement MRI (minocycline=0.14±0.02 mm2, ebselen=0.20±0.09 mm2, untreated=0.44±0.01 mm2; P<0.001) and histology (minocycline=0.13±0.05 mm2, ebselen=0.18±0.02 mm2, untreated=0.32±0.04 mm2; P<0.002). Endothelium cells displayed fewer structural changes and smaller gap junction width in treated compared with untreated animals as seen by electron microscopy (minocycline=42.3±8.4 nm, ebselen=56.5±17 nm, untreated=2400±39 nm; P<0.001). Tissue flow cytometry of the brachiocephalic artery showed lower monocyte/macrophage content in both ebselen‐ and minocycline‐treated mice (8.06±3.2% and 7.62±1.73%, respectively) compared with untreated animals (20.1±2.2%) (P=0.03), with significant attenuation of the proinflammatory Ly6Chigh subtype (untreated mice, 42.64±6.1% of total monocytes; ebselen, 14.07±9.5% of total monocytes; minocycline, 26.42±0.6% of total monocytes). Conclusions We demonstrate that contrast‐enhanced MRI with an albumin‐binding contrast agent can be used to noninvasively monitor the effect of interventions on endothelial permeability and plaque burden. Blood albumin leakage could be a surrogate marker for the in vivo evaluation of interventions that aim at restoring endothelial integrity.


The desired speed of DC motors in most cases is a function of the intending usage, hence, the speed is continually regulated/controlled to suit different usage. Three basic methods are employed in the speed control; the quantitative comparison of these methods was investigated in this paper. For shunt and series motors delivering 11.07Hp and 13.94Hp respectively (at rated speed), the efficiencies were 84.43% and 90.22% with running cost of ₦246.00 and ₦276.00 respectively. Increasing the shunt motor speed by reducing armature resistance (armature control) reduces the running cost but increases the efficiency from its original values to ₦238.70 and 82.89% respectively at 0.6 of the rated armature resistance; decreasing the speed of the motor by this means decreases efficiency and increases running cost. However, increasing the motor speed by decreasing the armature resistance for series dc motors decreases efficiency and also increases running cost, with 0.6 of rated armature resistance used, the efficiency dropped to 83.15% while running cost went up to ₦299.47. But decreasing the series motor speed increases efficiency and reduces running cost.


With the development and maturity of semiconductor technology, laser diodes have greatly improved in terms of power, conversion efficiency, wavelength expansion and operating life. The laser diode has the characteristics of high quantum efficiency, high reliability, long service life, good emission wavelength and laser medium absorption peak, and good laser output beam quality. This makes laser diode and pump technology combined to become an important breakthrough in laser pumping technology. The rapid development of pumped solid-state lasers has gradually become a trend.


Background: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of adding low dose human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) on oocyte maturity and hyper-stimulation syndrome in women undergoing Intra-cytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI). Methods: In a randomaized clinical trail, 150 eligible patients undergoing a long GnRH agonist protocol were randomly divided into three groups of 50 women. The women in the first group received recombinant FSH alone (rFSH). The women in the second group received rFSH by 100 IU hCG daily. All participants in the three groups received rFSH by 200 IU hCG daily. The mean numbers of mature oocytes retrieved (MII oocytes) for normal responders as the primary outcome, and the occurrence ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) as the secondary outcome were measured for each group. A P-value of less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: There was no significant difference in the comparison of the incidence of mature oocytes formation among the three groups. The number of OHSS was significantly lower in third group compared with those of the other groups (6% vs 14% and 18%, respectively; P = 0.03). Conclusion: The addition of 200 hCG to recFSH throughout the stimulation in a long GnRH agonist protocol only benefited a lower number of OHSS.


I know of no better work on traditional balladry than this. Atkinson is a thoughtful, perceptive, and very knowledgeable ballad scholar. His book is not easy to read from cover to cover in one sitting, but rather one that repays frequent revisits to savour the many words of wisdom within its pages. Just as when a given ballad becomes the topic of conversation one is inclined to run to Child or Bronson to check out the alternative variants, so I can see that I will be frequently referring to Atkinson to see what he has to say about a particular ballad cluster or theme.


Most plastic surgeons would agree with the observation of Dr. Bidros and his coauthors that many patients who desire periorbital rejuvenation could benefit from brow elevation in addition to blepharoplasty. However, when presented with this option, patients are frequently deterred by the added expense and perceived magnitude of a standard browlift. The authors describe a straightforward, simplified browlift technique, which may encourage a reluctant patient and therefore result in more effective periorbital rejuvenation.

The subcutaneous, prehairline technique is an excellent approach for many reasons, including avoidance of injury to sensory nerves, improvement in transverse rhytids, …


Physical education has its own unique, practical and visible features. Teachers should pay more attention to the individual diversity among students, exerting the pluralism of physical education, cultivating the interest and habit of student and arousing their enthusiasm and initiative.


A wider spread adoption of power electronic converters interfaced renewable energy systems has brought more attention to harmonic issues to the electrical grid, and means are taken to improve it in the control. More advanced closed-loop harmonic controllers are thus demanded to enhance the renewable energy integration in order to be grid-friendly. However, usually being treated as a constant factor in the design of harmonic controllers, the grid frequency varies with the generation-load imbalance, and thus may lead to deterioration of the power quality. This paper explores the frequency sensitivity of the most popular harmonic controllers for grid-interfaced converters. The frequency adaptability of these harmonic controllers is evaluated in the presence of a variable grid frequency within a specified reasonable range, e.g., ± 1% of the nominal grid frequency (50 Hz). Solutions to the improvement of the frequency variation immunity of the discussed harmonic controllers are also emphasised. Case studies of a single-phase grid-connected photovoltaic system are provided to verify the analysis.


This paper presents a new call admission control (CAC) that can be used for traffic prioritisation in multiservice systems by using the concept of limited access probability. The aim is to maximise the link utilisation while maintaining the quality of service (QoS) at a desired level. Two CAC schemes are proposed using a fixed limited access probability or a state dependent limited access probability. These CAC schemes are then mathematically analysed by a product-form solution. In this paper, the proposed CAC is compared with the standard trunk reservation. The reported experiments show that both the CAC schemes with limited access probability give a relatively equal performance, which is at least as good as that obtained from the standard trunk reservation. However, in tuning for a desired QoS level, the proposed CAC with fixed limited access probability is found to be more convenient than any other schemes.


According to the structure of environmental consciousness,we formulate a questionnaire on tourists' environmental consciousness in this study.The main quota systems in the questionnaire include four aspects: intellectual level of tourism environment,attitude towards tourism environment,evaluation on tourism environment and behavior of tourism environment.In view of weighting and bestowing score,we also construct evaluation model of each part in quota systems and overall evaluation model on environmental consciousness to calculate comprehensive score of tourists′ level of environmental consciousness.Taking Hohhot region,Baotou region and Erdos area as case studies,we make an investigation on tourists′ level of environmental consciousness.And we learn that the pattern of tourists′ environmental consciousness is the one restricted by attitude towards environment through counting up and analyzing 480 questionnaires.The study indicates:(1) knowledge about environment is not the key problem which restricts tourists′ level of environmental consciousness.Besides,evaluation on environment is not a dominant factor.But attitude towards environment is most important factor and resolves inclination of tourists′ environmental behavior.Therefore changing consumers′ attitude and training the tourists who are responsible for ecological environment is most critical to change tourists′ environmental consciousness.(2) Tourists only know some basic and plain knowledge and viewpoint on environment.But they understand little complicated and abstract knowledge on environment.Especially,it is insufficient that the accuracy of tourists grasping knowledge on environment and degree of gradation increased progressively.(3) In the course of tour,tourists can hardly protect eco-environment conscientiously.And they could not supervise other tourists to maintain the eco-environment.Most tourists mainly think of how to minimize economic cost in the course of tour.They are not ready to serve for environmental protection of prairie tourism.So we can learn that if we can not carry out the guidance towards environmental consciousness properly and the appropriate management to tourist,it is unavoidable that assault on eco-environment.Consequently,we must strengthen that the staff of tour enterprises,including tourist guides,lead to positive consciousness of environmental protection for tourists.


With the progressive exhaustion of fossil energy and the enhanced awareness of environmental protection, more attention is being paid to plug in hybrid electric vehicles. Inappropriate siting and sizing of plug in hybrid electric vehicles parking lots could have negative effects on the development of plug in hybrid electric vehicles, the layout of the city traffic network, and the convenience of plug in hybrid electric vehicles drivers as well as lead to an increasing in the network losses and a degradation in voltage profiles at some nodes. Given this background, this paper aims to allocate parking lots in Industrial Micro-grids with the objective of minimizing system costs including investment cost, power loss and scheduling cost as possible objectives. A two-stage model has been designed for this purpose. The optimal siting and sizing of parking lots in order to minimize the investment cost of parking lots is performed in the first stage. At the second stage, the optimal plug in hybrid electric vehicles scheduling problem is solved considering market interactions to provide profit to the parking lots owner with taken into account various network constraints. Conclusions are duly drawn with a realistic example.


Category: Ankle Introduction/Purpose: Tarsal tunnel release is a standard surgical treatment for patients who have tarsal tunnel syndrome and failure of conservative treatment. However, there remains little evidence demonstrating the medium-term of functional outcomes and complications of tarsal tunnel release. The purpose of this study was to report functional outcomes and complications of tarsal tunnel release. Methods: Retrospective chart review with prospectively collected data of 79 consecutive patients with 87 feet (primary surgery = 74/80 and revision surgery = 5/5) who were diagnosed with tarsal tunnel syndrome and underwent tarsal tunnel release between 2008 and 2014. Diagnosis bases on history and physical examination. All patients were failure of conservative treatment at least 6 weeks and the minimum follow up to be included in the study was 12 months (mean, 32.2 months; range, 12 to 80 months). The primary outcome was visual analogue scale (VAS), Short Form-36 (SF-36); physical and mental component scores, and Foot Function Index (FFI); pain, disability, activity limitation, and total score. Pre- and post-operative SF-36, and Foot Functional Index (FFI), pain (Visual Analog Scale) were obtained and compared using pair t-test. The secondary outcomes were operative time, time to return to activity of daily living and work, and complications. Mann-Whitney U-test was used to compare non-parametric data and Wilcoxon signed ranks test was used to compare parametric data. Results: The VAS was significantly decrease from 7.6 to 2.0(p = 0.001) and SF-36 was significantly improved from 33.2 to 40.2, for PCS (p= 0.001) and 47.7 to 49.7 for MCS (p = 0.005). The FFI was significantly decreased from 63.0 to 36.0, 61.9 to 35, 72.5 to 34.9, and 65.8 to 35.3 for pain, disability, activity limitations, and total scores(p=0.001, all). Mean operative time was 36.1 minutes for primary surgery and 54.8 minutes for the revision surgery. There 45 of 87 feet (51.7%) had positive Tinel test pre-operatively and 9 of 87 feet (10.3%) post-operatively. Revision surgery demonstrated significantly worse outcomes (VAS,SF-36,and FFI) compared to primary surgery(p < 0.05) but duration >12 months and Tinel sign did not affect the outcomes compared to duration >12 months and Tinel sign negative (p>0.05 all). An average time to return to activity of daily living and work was 8.1 and 9.5 weeks. Complications were painful scar(14.9%), wound infection(6.9%), CRPS(2.3%), and paresthesia on the foot(20.7%). Conclusion: Tarsal tunnel release demonstrated significant improvement of functional outcomes and pain relief in medium-term follow-up as measured with SF-36, FFI, and VAS. Revision surgery demonstrated less favorable outcomes while pre-operative Tinel test and duration of symptom more than 12 months did not affect the outcome. This procedure was effective and feasible for tarsal tunnel syndrome with minor complications.


A reflection-type polarizer according to the present invention has an improved bright line visibility phenomenon and a wider viewing angle, compared with a conventional dispersion-type reflection polarizer, and can maximize luminance improvement while minimizing optical loss. In addition, in connection with implementing a reflection polarizer, a group dispersion body can be formed through simple control, making it possible to maximize productivity improvement through process simplification.


Fungi play important roles in the ecosystem processes such as nutrient cycling and degradation. However, the majority of fungi are unknown and difficult to isolate and culture. Due to the limitations of culture-based methods and traditional morphological observation, fungal ecologists turn to utilize molecular techniques such as nucleic acid hybridization,DNA sequencing,DNA fingerprinting techniques for the studies of species identification,population structure and community diversity. The present paper summarizes the theories of these molecular techniques and their applications in the study of fungal ecology.


The advent of many-core architectures like Intel MIC is enabling the design of increasingly capable supercomputers within reasonable power budgets. Fault-tolerance is becoming more important with the increased number of components and the complexity in these heterogeneous clusters. Checkpoint-restart mechanisms have been traditionally used to enhance the dependability of applications, and to enable dynamic task rescheduling in the face of system failures. Naive checkpointing protocols, which are predominantly I/O-intensive, face severe performance bottlenecks on the Xeon Phi architecture due to several inherent and acquired limitations. Consequently, existing checkpointing frameworks are not capable of serving distributed MPI applications that leverage heterogeneous hardware architectures. This paper discusses the I/O limitations on the Xeon Phi system, and describes the architecture and design of a novel distributed checkpointing framework, namely MIC-Check, for HPC applications running on it.


Fault-tolerant communication algorithms for I-ary wcubes are introduced. These include: One-to-all broadcasting, all-to-all broadcasting, one-to-all personalized communication, and all-to-all personalized communication. Each of these algorithms can tolerate up lo (21~ -. Zj node failures provided that h > (2n -~ 2) and k > 3. Extensions of these algorithms with up to 2n ~ 1 node failures are also described. The communication complexities of the proposed algorithms are derived when wormhole or store and forward packet routing is used. Index Terms-Interconnection networks, torus, k-ary wcubes, fault-free communication algorithms, fault-tolerant communication algorithms. + ~~ B.F.A. AiUdiiiwi is with tiie Dcpmlnienf of Mnlheniatics mid Computer Scieiice, Kuronit Llnivcrsity, P.O. Box 5969 Snfnl, 13000, Kiinmit. E-moii: ~~~~~~"lit!,,,~f .i,~t, e B. Rose is with the Ueportmmf of Conrpuler Scietza: Orcgm Stale University, Cornnilis, OR, 97331. E-mail: bosc~~s.:s.orsl.cdii.


It was the first time in the Japan pulp and paper industry that a process computer for controlling a pulp plant was installed at the Kushiro Mill of Honshu Paper Co., Ltd. in September, 1965. Now there are seven sets of process computers in the mill which consist of two sets for the pulping process, four sets for the paper making process and one set for the power plant. The process computer for the Kamyr digester process is the most famous in the world. Moreover, Kushiro men have developed the soft ware of the microcomputer for measuring and displaying the process by putting together microcomputer circuits by their original technology.


Practical high-speed metal-based optical microscanning devices with low production cost and simple fabrication process were successfully fabricated by direct deposition of piezoelectric materials using the aerosol deposition method (ADM) onto the micro-structured metal scanner frame. Large optical scanning angle of 35 ° at high resonance frequency of 23.6 kHz was achieved in ambient air without vacuum package.


A newly developed cinchonidine-derived phosphoramide 6b, simple and easily available, was identified as a powerful catalyst for the highly enantioselective Michael addition of both unprotected 3-aryl and 3-alkyloxindoles to β-substituted nitroalkenes to furnish the C3 quaternary stereogenic carbon center with an adjacent tertiary stereocenter in up to 21 : 1 diastereoselectivity and up to 99% enantioselectivity.


Despite its deep rooting in Judeo-Christian tradition, the age-old call to serve the poor, feed the hungry, and shelter the homeless is one that has been largely ignored by all but a few individuals. Long viewed as an accident of fate, poor judgment, or the consequence of individual lack of initiative, homelessness is now seen as the spewed-out consequence of a public service system and a market economy that have failed to meet the needs of the disadvantaged. With the exception of recent initiatives undertaken by Governor Michael Dukakis, there has been virtually no governmental response to homelessness in Massachusetts. The Governor's leadership has taken the shape of inquiry into the system and its actors. During the course of this inquiry, debates have surfaced on both the form and the substance of sheltering the homeless. In Boston, there are a variety of organizations that shelter the homeless. Two of these, chosen for their dissimilarity, are examined here: Pine Street Inn and Rosie's Place. Because these two organizations occupy positions on virtually opposite poles of the political spectrum of sheltering the homeless, their comparison provides a good framework for analyzing the debate over maintaining the homeless or reintegrating them into society.


In this paper, the forming techlonogy for the blanker slots of shell to linear bearing is analysed.lt also introduces the die structure implementing moulding. At the same time,the design to the key accessory is expatiated,and the design points are given.


Nodulated plants of Alnus glutinosa, Myrica gale, and Hippophae rhamnoides, the root systems of which had been exposed to excess free 15N, showed substantial enrichment in fixed 15N content in all parts of the plant, but particularly in the root nodules. The data resemble closely those obtained by the present and previous authors with legumes under comparable conditions, and support the conclusion already drawn from experiments of traditional type that the nodules of these non-legumes are similar to those of legumes in their function and relation to the rest of the plant. Nodulated plants of Alnus and Myrica continued to fix free nitrogen concurrently with the uptake of combined nitrogen when the latter was supplied in the rooting medium in amounts unlikely to be exceeded in the field. Isotopic tests on detached nodules of one of the species (Alnus glutinosa) showed that fixation continued, and though much reduced as compared with that shown by attached nodules it considerably exceeded that experienced by the present and previous authors with detached legume nodules, on the basis of fixation per unit of total nodule nitrogen. It is probable that detached Alnus nodules present convenient material for the further study of various aspects of the fixation process.


The impact of mitral regurgitation (MR) in patients hospitalized for acute heart failure (AHF) is not well established. We assessed the role of MR in patients enrolled in the Relaxin in Acute Heart Failure 2 (RELAX‐AHF‐2) trial.


The extent to which assessment of personality disorders (PDs), and trans-diagnostic measures of PD severity, can capture the variance in psychopathy measured by the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R) was examined in 100 forensic patients with a history of violent offending. Correlational and linear regression analyses were carried out to establish whether (i) combinations of PDs would predict PCL-R scores for each of its two factors, interpersonal–affective (F1) and antisocial deviance (F2); (ii) 'acting out', a putative measure of externalising maladjustment that transcends PD categories, would predict PCL-R scores. Results showed that narcissistic and avoidant PDs contributed significantly to the prediction of F1, but only antisocial PD contributed to the prediction of F2. 'Acting out' predicted both F1 and F2, suggesting that core features of PCL-R psychopathy are embedded within and across different PD diagnoses. Results are discussed in relation to different sub-types of psychopathy described in the literature.


Objective:To study the angiogenesis and collateral circulation formation in a rabbit model of hindlimb ischemia after gene therapy of VEGF. Methods:The hVEGF 165 cDNA was cloned into eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA 3. The pcDNA 3/hVEGF 165 was administered intramuscularly, and angiography was performed through the common carotid artery. Results:The angiography was performed 2 and 4 weeks after the initiation of therapy. In VEGF treated animals, neovessels and collateral artery development were more evident compared with controls. Conclusion:Naked DNA of VEGF can be absorbed by muscle cells, and expressed efficiently and locally, to stimulate angiogenesis and collateral circulation in vivo .


The new treatment method of hypersensitive dentine by low energy laser irradiation has been studied. This new treatment method, however, is not always equally effective in all cases. Furthermore,it is not cleared why such an effective-ness occurs. And then, in order to examine this interesting phenomena, this study was carried out. An irradiation apparatus had the following features; continuous wave at a wavelength of around 780nm; the laser energy, 3mW•`30mW. The results were as follows: 1) In the group of degree I, all cases were effective. 2) In this group of degree II, 43 out of 46(93%) were effective. 3) In the group of degreeDla, all cases were not effective. 4) the effectiveness by laser irradiation was seemed to be occured by the central synaptic inhibition rather than the nerve ending irritation.


Locating people and resources, indoor navigation, proximity-based notification (targeted advertising) and gaming are some of the numerous applications of indoor positioning. As larger portions of the population gain access to wireless networks, there is a growing demand for accurate positioning, especially indoors. In response to this demand, the indoor positioning market has been flooded with a wide range of positioning systems based on diverse positioning technologies [15]. In this paper, we analyze the feasibility of introducing Pilot Beacon technology, a new indoor location system, into this market [5]. We first analyze the current state of the indoor positioning market and predict its potential growth. For any new technology to be successful, it has to prove competitive both technically and financially. In comparing Pilot Beacons to other more prominent technologies, we therefore use the following metrics: Accuracy, Precision and Cost of deployment. We would like to answer the following questions: Will the market accommodate the introduction of a new positioning system? If introduced, can Pilot Beacon technology compete with existing positioning technologies?


Early Paleozoic Tianshui-Wushan tectonic zone is located in the Tianshui area in the eastern Gansu province. It consists mainly of Guanzizhen-Wushan ophiolite belt in the Cambrian meso-to epi-metamorphic sedimentary-volcanic rock series at the active continental margin in the Late Cambrian-Early Ordovician Liziyuan Group,island-arc volcanic-sedimentary rock series in the Ordovician Caotangou Group,plutonic intrusion and subduction-collision granitoid in the Caledonian. Metabasic volcanic rocks in the Guanzizhen ophiolite belong to N-MORB,and metabasic volcanic rocks in the Wushan ophiolite belong to E-MORB. They are importance segments of the ocean ridge ophiolite,formed in between 534Ma to 489Ma of Cambrian. Volcanic rocks in the Liziyuan Group mainly formed in forearc basin setting with island-arc or island-arc-related,and volcanic rocks in the Caotangou Group formed in island-arc setting with subduction-related. Intermediate-basic igneous complexes of Liushuigou and Baihua in the Guanzizhen formed in paleo-island-arc setting in the Middle-Late Ordovician (471~440Ma),while had subduction type (450~456Ma) and collision type (438~400Ma) granitoids magmatism in the Caledonian. Early Paleozoic paleo-ocean-continent of structural framework in northern margin of West Qinling had come through evolution of plate tectonics from formation ocean basin to subduction of oceanic crust,until continental-continental collision orogeny. The overall tectonic evolution be divided into four stages: ① Paleo-ocean basin initial form stage in the Late Cambrian. ② Ocean basin initial subduction stage in the Early Ordovician. ③ Wholesale subduction and paleo-island-arc growth stage in the Middle-Late Ordovician. ④ Continental-continental or continental-arc collision orogeny stage in the Silurian.


In this paper, we discuss a low power embedded sensor node architecture we are developing for distributed sensor network systems deployed in a natural environment. In particular, we examine the sensor node for energy efficient processing-at-the-sensor. We analyze the following modes of operation; event detection, data acquisition, and data processing using low power, high performance embedded technology such as specialized embedded DSP processors and low power FPGAs at the sensing node. We use compute intensive sensor node applications: an acoustic vehicle classifier (frequency domain analysis) and a video license plate identification application (learning algorithm). We report performance and energy for these applications and discuss the system architecture design trade offs.


Cell identity is a reflection of a cell type‐specific gene expression profile, and consequently, cell type‐specific transcription factor networks are considered to be at the heart of a given cellular phenotype. Although generally stable, cell identity can be reprogrammed in vitro by forced changes to the transcriptional network, the most dramatic example of which was shown by the induction of pluripotency in somatic cells by the ectopic expression of defined transcription factors alone. Although changes to cell fate can be achieved in this way, the efficiency of such conversion remains very low, in large part due to specific chromatin signatures constituting an epigenetic barrier to the transcription factor‐mediated reprogramming processes. Here we discuss the two‐way relationship between transcription factor binding and chromatin structure during cell fate reprogramming. We additionally explore the potential roles and mechanisms by which histone variants, chromatin remodelling enzymes, and histone and DNA modifications contribute to the stability of cell identity and/or provide a permissive environment for cell fate change during cellular reprogramming.


In this paper, we review both practical and theoretical assessments for evaluating radon geohazards from permafrost landforms in northern environments (>60º N). Here, we show that polar amplification (i.e. climate change) leads to the development of thawing permafrost, ground subsidence, and thawed conduits (i.e. Taliks), which allow radon migration from the subsurface to near surface environment. Based on these survey results, we conjecture that abruptly thawing permafrost soils will allow radon migration to the near surface, and likely impacting human settlements located here. We analyze potential geohazards associated with elevated ground concentrations of natural radionuclides. From these results, we apply the main existing legislation governing the control of radon parameters in the design, construction and use of buildings, as well as existing technologies for assessing the radon hazard. We found that at present, these laws do not consider our findings, namely, that increasing supply of radon to the surface during thawing of permafrost will enhance radon exposure, thereby, changing prior assumptions from which the initial legislation was determined. Hence, the legislation will likely need to respond and reconsider risk assessments of public health in relation to radon exposure. We discuss the prospects for developing radon geohazard monitoring, methodical approaches, and share recommendations based on the current state of research in permafrost effected environments.


We investigate magnetic and crystalline microstructures of melt-spun (Fe0.675Pt0.325)(100-x)B-x (x = 12, 14, 16, 18, 20) nanocomposite ribbons after optimal thermal treatment using a magnetic force microscope. The magnetic microstructures are characterized by darker spots adjacent to brighter ones in a sub-micro scale and in random distribution. It is found that the strength of the exchange coupling interaction between the crystals in the 10-100nm scale, implied by the maximum value (delta M)(max) of the Henkel plot, could be roughly described by the ratio of the average width of the magnetic spots (w) over bar to the average crystal size (D) over bar for the ribbons. Moreover, we find that the intrinsic coercivity H-j(c) of the ribbons is sensitive to their crystal sizes, and the smaller (D) over bar, the higher jHc. Finally, by using roughness analysis, the curve of the root mean square values of the phase shift of the magnetic force images versus the boron content x is obtained, which is qualitatively consistent with that of the magnetization sigma(12)kOe of the ribbons versus x.


In this research, we are aiming at the development of the tactile display that information presentation is expressed with phantom sensation and apparent movement by few tactile elements. And new personal identification, which system constitutes tactile sense information using tactile stimuli and based on the cardinal trait of the tactile sense, is proposed. Tactile stimuli is composed of the stimuli by electricity. The identification system that makes direction information expressed by tactile stimuli an attestation key is examined. Therefore, it is necessary to interpret the information that the user is reproduced direction information when composed of the tactile stimuli is made an identification key, and to recognize as an identification key. In this paper, we did the direction answer experiment for confirmation. As the result, the average of transmission accuracy of 21 subjects became about 38.8°. Based on this result, the correction processing was performed with using the BP type neural network. In case of 4 direction, 3 direction, and 2 direction are input, the calibration processing is examined.


Relying on self-assembly principles and mechanisms to engineer new and previously unachievable devices and systems on nano- and microscales is a highly promising field of research today. In this work, a self-assembly of partially exposed and free-standing carbon nanotubes (CNTs) grown in the pores of alumina matrix into a quasiperiodic two-dimensional static network is reported. The network pattern is analyzed with a fast Fourier transformation and reveals a short-range order, which does not replicate that of underlying alumina template. The network formation is likely to be driven by short-range interactions involving hydrophobic-hydrophobic interactions and van der Waals forces balanced by mechanical deformation forces. The work might help realize new possibilities for self-guided, bottom-up, and large scale assembly of multifunctional and electrically conductive CNTs grown in alumina matrix for applications in electronic circuits, sensor networks and interconnects.


. For a transport equation with the velocity field that has a particular form, we prove the existence and uniqueness of weak solutions. Moreover, we obtain the continuity for the unique weak solution.


Abstract This study seeks to pursue three scholarly purposes concerning Asian communication ethics epitomised by fundamental Buddhist ethical dogmas. First, it critically reviews and reconfirms the rising essentiality of studying religious ethics in communication, especially intercultural communication, studies. Second, it attempts to religio-ethically conceptualise the four primary doctrinal ethics and precepts of traditional Buddhism: (1) the Twelve-Linked Chain of Causation; (2) the Fourfold Noble Truth; (3) the Eightfold Noble Path; and (4) the Ten Precepts. Third, the study proposes a new research paradigm by introducing the Buddhist ethics of not only harmony-oriented human-to-human communication but also non-anthropocentric and 'deep-ecological' human-to-nature relationships.


The Russian minister of internal affairs urges activation of the Public Council under his ministry and has invited former finance minister Aleksei Kudrin to become a member of the council.


Self-disabling or self-locking single-use syringe of the passive type, i.e., one that is self-locked after first use of the syringe, in such a way that any attempted reuse is prevented, and is characterised in that it comprises at least two rings provided on the internal face of the barrel and having the general shape of a circular crown with a variable internal radius, and in that each of the longitudinal fins of the piston has a height which is different from that of at least one of the other fins, in such a way that the plunger can be inserted tightly through the space defined by the variable internal radius of the barrel rings. In this way resistance to the passage of the piston is minimised, thereby reducing the risk of causing bruises, and with a manufacturing cost substantially similar to that of conventional syringes.


Introduction: Vessel Encoded Arterial Spin Labelled (VEASL) preparations have been used to provide vessel selectivity in both perfusion and angiographic imaging [1-3]. By spatially modulating the ASL label over a number of cycles, blood in individual arteries is uniquely labelled and its contribution can be extracted during postprocessing. Recently a general framework for the analysis of VEASL images has been proposed [4]. This permits the contributions of each feeding artery to be extracted even when the number of unique encoding cycles is limited and where there is some ambiguity in the locations of the arteries in the labelling plane, for example if there has been patient motion after the planning acquisition has been performed. However, a limitation of the framework, as proposed, was the long computation times associated with the analysis, making in infeasible in clinical applications where robust analysis is most critical. Here we propose faster optimization approaches to arrive at the solution, which makes the framework practical for wider application, especially for high-resolution dynamic angiographic datasets. Methods: Analysis of VEASL data requires voxelwise determination of the contribution from each labelled artery. This can be done with an encoding matrix that specifies the label contribution of each artery for each imaging cycle [1,2], the voxelwise flow contributions being calculated by inversion of this matrix and multiplication with the measured signal vector. However, this solution is sensitive to the accuracy with which the labelling geometry is known and the number of cycles of data acquired. The general framework (GF) for VEASL analysis [4] overcame these limitations by inferring the entries in the encoding matrix from the data (via the locations of the arteries in the labelling plane), and by introducing classification, whereby voxels were assumed only to be fed by a subset of the arteries. The resulting analysis had two stages 1) estimation of 'global' parameters: artery locations and classification proportions, 2) voxelwise calculation of flow contributions. The original demonstration of the GF employed a sampling strategy for Step 1 making it time consuming (~hours for typical perfusion data). To achieve a reduction in computational cost whilst retaining accuracy a number of solutions were explored: A) avoidance of Step 1 by taking 'default' values for the global parameters, i.e. artery locations as estimated from a time-of-flight (TOF) image, this is analogous to a conventional encoding matrix inversion analysis, but with classification applied, B) estimation of 'global' parameters using a non-linear optimization method, C) as B, but instead of estimating artery locations individually it was assumed that the locations could be defined from a TOF image that might have been subject to a small rigid body transformation, e.g. due to motion, with the three parameters of this transformation being estimated, D) as C, but also estimating the flow speed within the arteries [4] to account for this effect on the encoding profile. To provide objective measures of the relative accuracy of the different approaches we simulated VEASL dynamic angiographic data that contained 4 arteries, with the positions in the imaging plane randomly generated. An example can be seen in Fig. 1. Artery locations in the labelling plane were defined such that the arteries sat at the corners of a square, these locations were subject to a 3 DOF transformation whose parameters were sampled at random (normally distributed with standard deviation of 1 mm for translations and 1° for rotations); the locations chosen before transformation were used to initialise the analyses (as if these were derived from the planning acquisition and there had been subsequent patient motion). The speed of flow in each vessel (which affects the labelling profile) was also randomly perturbed about a 30 cm/s mean (standard deviation 5 cm/s). Data were generated for 8 encoding cycles (tag, control, 2 left-right, 2 anterior-posterior and 2 oblique) and white noise with an effective SNR of 1:10 relative to the flow magnitude was added to the final images. 100 datasets were generated and analysed using standard encoding matrix inversion (MI) and the methods outlined above, assuming in the classification that 2 vessels may contribute to the flow in any voxel. The root-meansquared-error (RMSE) of the estimated vessel flow contributions was calculated for comparison of the methods. As an example, the proposed analysis approaches were also applied to VEASL dynamic angiographic [3] data from a healthy subject containing 6 encoding cycles (tag, control, 2 LR, 2 AP) and VEASL perfusion data from different healthy subject containing 8 encoding cycles (tag, control, 2 LR, 2 AP, 2 oblique). The 'global' parameter estimation was performed within a mask derived from a threshold on the signal magnitude (to define the major arteries) in the first frame for the angiographic data (7242 voxels in mask from a 256x256 matrix size) and within a brain mask for the perfusion data (57344 voxels from a 64x64x24 matrix size). Results: Fig. 1 shows an example set of results from the simulated data, MI performs poorly, whereas both GF solutions shown were able to separate all four artery contributions, the largest discrepancy occurring in areas where three arteries coincide. Fig. 2 shows the RMSE across all 100 simulated datasets for all the methods considered. Accuracy was highest in all cases where the vessel locations were inferred from the data with constraints (C and D). GF analysis using the (inaccurate) vessel locations (A) still resulted in an improvement over simple matrix inversion. Table 1 gives the computation time for the dynamic angiographic and perfusion datasets. The colour-coded images of the first frame of the angiographic data are shown in figure 3. MI failed to produce interpretable images on this dataset, the other methods resulted in similar vessel separation, excepting some variation in the left posterior cerebral artery, method D apparently producing the 'cleanest' separation. Colour-coded images for the example perfusion data are given in Fig. 4. Discussion: These results suggest that the GF can be implemented in a form that is sufficiently fast for routine use with VEASL data in place of encoding matrix inversion or clustering methods. Method A is a natural replacement for encoding matrix inversion, since it similarly uses previously estimated vessel locations and can be computed in a very short time frame, whilst offering greater robustness to ill conditioning. Where vessel locations are not known, for example randomly encoded VEASL [5], or may deviate from the estimated values, a fast optimization procedure can be used that is likely to be comparable in computation time to clustering analysis. The use of optimization to estimate the 'global' parameters in the GF mean that time to compute will vary from subject-to-subject. However, the times given here are typical of those seen for similar resolution VEASL dynamic angiographic images, making robust VEASL analysis possible in clinical applications such as vessel occlusive diseases. R M SE


The effect of Cross Functional Training and the Work Environment towards  Work Quality in the Middle of the Covid-19 Pandemic Situation. This study aims to determine the effect of cross functional training and work environment partially and simultaneously on work quality. The location of this research is, CJ Logistics. The population uses all employees, CJ Logistics and a sample of 30 respondents. The data analysis technique used validity test, reliability test, classical assumption test, multiple linear regression analysis, coefficient of determination test, F test and t test. From the research results, the results obtained: (1) cross functional training has a significant positive effect on work quality, where the t value is 3.515 and a significance value is 0.002 <0.05. (2) the work environment has a significant positive effect on work quality, where the t-count value is 3.541 and a significance value is 0.002 <0.05. (3) Simultaneous cross functional training and work environment have a significant effect on work quality, where the significance value is 0.000 <0.05. The magnitude of the influence of the independent variables on work quality is 58.2%. Suggestions that can be given by researchers are that Cj Logistics is expected to routinely provide cross-functional training, make adequate air circulation, keep the workplace clean, provide a sense of security, and create task structures that are in accordance with employee abilities and build good cooperation patterns.
Keywords: Cross functional training, work environment and work quality


The authors use the Richardson-Lucy algorithm to deconvolve a set of images which are grey level representations of slices of two-fold probability density functions (PDF). These PDFs are computed from the one-dimensional signal obtained with the ESO slit-scanning infrared specklograph. In these conditions, it is shown that the PDF of the true signal is blurred by the PDF of the noise. The deconvolution is first performed on simulated data, for two levels of additive noise, i.e. for two different widths of the blurring function. These images are linked to one another, and they check the goodness of the deconvolution procedure by verifying that the properties of the image power spectrum (a quantity that can be derived from the whole set of PDF) are well conserved during the deconvolution. They discuss the quality of the result, which depends on the number of iterations. An application is made to real physical data.


Permeation rates in vacuum and gas sweeping pervaporation were measured for aqueous ethanol solutions with a flat silicone rubber membrane over a wide range of gas flow rate, operating pressure in the permeate side, feed concentration and feed temperature. The observed permeate fluxes in vacuum pervaporation were correlated in terms of partial pressure in the permeate side, feed concentration and feed temperature. By using this correlation, the mass transfer resistance in the permeate side in gas sweeping pervaporation was evaluated and found to be affected by the gas flow rate and feed concentration. The observed diffusion fluxes of the permeable components in the permeate side were compared with the laminar boundary layer theory, and found a good agreement between the observed and theoretical values.Based on results of these experiments, a new method for the simulation of mass transfer in gas sweeping pervaporation with a flat membrane cell was developed. By using the calculated and observed data, the effects of gas flow rate on the resistance of mass transfer in the permeate side, the permeate flux and the separation factor were discussed.


A novel synthetic route to 1,4-dihydropyridine mono carboxylic acid derivatives is described. Allyl methyl 2,6-dimethyl-4-(3'-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3, 5-dicarboxylate (IV) was treated with in dioxane for 30 min at 110 with reflux to give the mono acid compound(V) in 94% yield. The mono acid intermediate was converted to 2-(N-benzyl-N-methylamino)ethyl methyl 2,6-dimethyl-4-(3'-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3, 5-dicarboxylate (VII) (Nicardipine) and their derivatives in 70~85% yield.


The invention relates to an aircraft and a control method thereof. The aircraft comprises a frame, a control unit mounted on the frame, a main rotor wing unit and two or more auxiliary rotor wing units, wherein the main rotor wing unit comprises a central duct as well as a first main rotor wing and a second main rotor wing arranged in the central duct; the rotational directions of the first main rotor wing and the second main rotor wing are opposite; the axes of both the first main rotor wing and the second main rotor wing are collinear with a central line of the central duct; the auxiliary rotor wing units are uniformly distributed at the periphery of the central duct; the propeller diameter of the first main rotor wing used for providing downwash flow for a propeller root region of the second main rotor wing is smaller than that of the second main rotor wing. The aircraft has relatively good pneumatic efficiency.


We investigate the prospects for detecting dust from two-body collisions during the late stages of planet formation at 1–150 AU. We develop an analytic model to describe the formation of a dusty cloud of debris and use numerical coagulation and N-body calculations to predict observable signals from these events. In a minimum mass solar nebula, collisions of 100–1000 km objects at distances of 3–5 AU or less from the parent star are observable at mid-IR wavelengths as bright clumps or rings of dust. At 24 μm, the clumps are ∼0.1–1 mag brighter than emission from dust in the background debris disk. In edge-on systems, dusty clumps produce eclipses with depths of ≲1.0 mag that last for ∼100 orbital periods. Large-scale surveys for transits from exosolar planets, using satellites such as Kepler, can plausibly detect these eclipses and provide important constraints on the terrestrial environment for ages of ≲100–300 Myr.


The realization of self-value for college students is an important manifestation for their campus life quality. It's very useful for college students to enhance their confidence in life,to understand themselves, perfect themselves, improve themselves and realize their self-value better. This paper divides college students' value chain into "three levels" and designs gradient implementation path of college students value chain by "five sections method" and to implement the starting point of time the detailed gradient, provide beneficial guidance for college students' campus life. And it specifies each starting point of value gradient implementation during the four years growing process in the university while providing beneficial guidance for college students' campus life. KEYWORD: college students' value chain; implementation path; gradient International Conference on Social Science, Education Management and Sports Education (SSEMSE 2015) © 2015. The authors Published by Atlantis Press 2177 learning process and a series of practical activities affected by the university life after graduation; The value of the subject is college students. The object of college students' value, on one hand must be able to meet the needs of the society, on the other hand, must try to meet the needs of the individual's allround development. So life value is a value system with multiple dimensions. 2.3 College students' value is characterized by personality characteristics The pursuit of personality is the common psychological characteristics of contemporary college students. As the ways of knowledge and information acquisition are diversified, most college students refuse a mechanical and boring single way of education, while advocating participation in the education process as independent individuals, and making related evaluation; meanwhile they pursue independent observation, independent thinking, independent judgment, promoting diversified criterion, and respect social diversified interests[1]. 3 THE ANALYSIS OF THE CONNOTATION OF COLLEGE STUDENTS' VALUE CHAIN Maslow, as a famous American social psychologist, believes that a person's need of self-actualization is an desire for self-fulfillment, is also a kind of tendency to make the person to be able to realize his potential[2]. A man is a social person, has social attributes. No exception for college students who are also social and historical, objective and practical. The gradient implementation process of college students' value chain should be the unity of social value and self -value, which can be divided by "three levels" (Fig 1). The implementation of college students' value is that college students as object promote their full scale development of health, beauty, intelligence and physique, making themselves more perfect. Self-worth mainly includes one's usefulness, meeting one's own needs, which is a valuable relation under the condition of certain social individual self-awareness, self-improvement and self-development of social practice activities, the actual existence and implementation of his needs. The realization of the college students' social value is created by people's working for the society to provide high quality material value and the good value spiritual products, and realized by having a positive impact to society and promoting people's life. College students' social value is characterized by the valuable relationship between college students' individual behavior and other social groups' need, which has the utility to society by their personal life's meeting the needs of society. 3.1 In the process of the realization of college students' gradient value chain, the realization of their own value is the foundation Self-worth is necessary for a college student to exist and develop as an individual. In an open environment and under the market economy system, college students' enhancing independence and subjectivity is the embodiment of the era as well as the needs of playing their enthusiasm and creativity. Specifically, the subjective conditions of college students to realize their value of life includes constantly improving their own ability, improving the abilities to realize their life value, making contributions based on reality and their own current work with an unyielding spirit, etc.. And a person is not isolated, he always exists as an individual in society, therefore the realization of the value of life also needs social conditions as that his behavior should be consistent with the system of socialist core values, and from the objective social conditions etc. 3.2 The basic criterion of judging the gradient implementation effect of college students' value chain is based on the fact that whether the process of individual in the university is in line with the objective laws of development of society as a whole. The common standards that society judges a person's life value is from his contribution to society and others by working .Therefore, college students should pay special attention to their contribution to the society in the process of gradient implementation of value chain as the following: Firstly, they should do what students should do, fulfill their responsibilities conscientiously in their professional study, campus life and collective activities. Secondly, college students should focus on creating valuable life, the realization of value and the degree of its implementation has some important relation with how to treat the life environment in a certain environment. Thirdly, a college student should set up correct outlook on life and value in the process of gradient value chain realization. During many years' practical work as a headteacher, I have found that a lot of students have different psychological problems of different degree. This is because the undergraduates are in a specific psychological period, which is the internal cause of psychological problems; while the influence of social environment is the external causes of psychological problems. So it is the urgent needs of the reality for college students to adjust their own psychology and keeping their mental health consciously. Fourthly, students should adhere to honesty, tolerance, mutual aid, and correctly handle the relationship between competition and cooperation in the process of value chain's gradient implementation. The current social and economic development has provided college


Many of the applications, virtual environments, and video games available to average computer users integrate stunning three-dimensional (3D) graphics and real-world visualizations. Developers spend an extraordinary amount of time and effort creating these immersive, realistic virtual environments, primarily focusing on the graphics components. Within these virtual realities, the user should easily perceive the locations of sound sources accurately, as well as the acoustic nature of the environment. However, for reasons of economy and simplicity, most developers apply readily available industry standards for generating pseudo-3D sounds in their applications. This research explores the shortcomings of these standards, proposes an effective alternative, and provides a detailed analysis of the various possible approaches. This project includes a number of computationally efficient, physics-based 3D acoustics simulations, each of which will produce realistic aural reproductions. The primary goal is to evaluate and compare these algorithms against each other, non-3D sound reproduction, and the current industry standards (e.g. Microsoft's DirectX® pseudo-3D algorithm). We will test three hypotheses. First, users will find that physics-based 3D algorithms will render improved auralization reproductions compared against industry standards like DirectX® and/or OpenAL. Second, localization and spatialization will improve with user training when using these algorithms. Finally, we should discover an unambiguous ranking system for the quality of each tested algorithm.


With demographic changes predicted in the student population during the next few years the effects of different teaching styles on mature students merit attention. In the present study three different styles of seminar presentation were used with mature management students. These each took the form of a written presentation which was the basis for the subsequent seminar. In the first presentation no ideas as to the solution of a problem were offered. In the second brief presentation, a small number of ideas were offered, and in the third comprehensive presentation, more ideas were offered. It was found that a presentation increased the number of communication units—participants were basically more active in their discussion than when no ideas were given. However, brief presentations which left scope for students to incorporate their own ideas competitively were found to encourage negative expressive behaviour more than either of the other two styles of presentation. It is suggested that seminar styles which encourage competitive contributions may (by arousing more negative expressive behaviour) not be a suitable means of beginning a seminar series because group processes may, in the long run, be adversely influenced.


This paper deals with syngas production from date palm seeds. Microwave plasma technology was used to pyrolysis them and produce syngas. Three samples of date palm seeds were used: full, crushed, and powdered with different flow rate of argon to increase the concentration of plasma. The results show that there is no need to pre-treat (mill) the date palm seeds to improve biogas production process; besides, the reduction of argon flow-rate has yielded better percentage of biogas production.


A three-dimensional, two-phase, unsteady Navier-Stokes solver has been developed to investigate fluid dynamic instabilities within the recessed region of a shear coaxial injector element. Here, the main emphasis is to study applications related to liquid rocket engine injectors using the gas/liquid shear-coaxial element in which the inner liquid cylindrical post is submerged slightly with respect to the overall exit plane of the device. Because most of the previous works focus on spray structure outside of the injector, this study provides readers with insight into unsteadiness resulting from hydrodynamic instabilities within the internal nozzle flow upstream of the combustion chamber. The present study focuses on unsteady "self-oscillations," which have been theorized by various researchers. The Kelvin-Helmholtz instability mechanism as a result of velocity discontinuity between gas and liquid phase is investigated as a source of unsteadiness that could contribute to combustion roughness or instabilities. For existing liquid-rocket-engine injectors, mass-flow variations of the order of 30-40% are shown to exist as a result of this highly nonlinear process. Fundamental frequencies are also identified for a range of conditions.


There are 15 verb-overlapping patterns and 257 verb-overlapping examples in Xingshi Yan(型世言). The pattern "V一V" had the most examples of all the monosyllabic reduplicated verbs. The pattern of "AABB" had the most examples and the pattern of "AB一AB" had the second most examples of all the dualsyllabic reduplicated verbs. There can be complements or auxiliary words such as Zhe(着) after some of the reduplicated verbs in Xingshi Yan(型世言), but we can seldom see Er(儿) after the reduplicated verbs. The object was certainly put behind the reduplicated verbs when it acted as a noun or a noun phrase. It had important value for us to study the historic developing of reduplicated verbs to know the characteristics of the reduplicated verbs in Xingshi Yan(型世言).


Identification and minimization of factors associated with poor per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) analytical reproducibility enabled the development of a robust methodology for the extraction and analysis of PFAS in biological tissues.


Fuzzy logic and expert system techniques are effective in evaluating the flexible pavement distress. Distress classification has usually been performed by visual inspection of the surface of the pavement or from the data gathered by automated distress measuring equipment. Consistency in this process can be increased and subjectivity is minimized by using an expert system. A methodology has been developed that uses fuzzy logic for the categorization of distresses. An expert system was developed in C language using fuzzy logic for reasoning. The objective of the developed methodology was to use automated techniques for quick, efficient, and consistent classification for flexible pavement distresses using data from the automated distress measuring system. The developed expert system has been designed to be used as a module within a pavement management system. This will help to completely automate pavement condition evaluation and strategy development for maintenance and rehabilitation of pavements, thus eliminating subjectivity and inconsistency in the process. According to the experts, mostly highway officials, the differences between the actual measured data and results from fuzzy logic expert system approaches were well within acceptable ranges.


The Triassic-cored El Ouasta-Sakiet anticline, the northernmost of the Algerian autochthonous Atlas, shows two different Lower Cretaceous sequences on both sides of the Koudiat el Berouag fault (FKB). The northern sequence is continuous. The southern sequence begins with Albian conglomerates overlaying the Triassic masses and shows confined and unstable slope facies. The Triassic masses represent a probably submarine Albian salt glacier, which arose along the FKB on the southern edge of an extensional tilted block. The regional consequences of this interpretation are discussed, and we propose to search the northern limit of the 'salt glaciers' domain to the northeast in Tunisia. Comparisons are presented with the Mississippi Canyon (USA) Jurassic allochthonous salt and with one straightened Dnieper-Donets (Ukraine) Palaeozoic structure.


The mode of Order-Training is one of the important characteristics in the talent training of higher vocational colleges.But there exist problems in recognition or implementaion of signing agreements.The following are important measures to enhance the quality of Order-Training: understanding and recognizing the legal relationship that Order-Training Agreement embodies,improving the understanding of the students' subject position,strengthening their publicity and education among students,accurately grasping the agreement connotation,clearing each party's liability,rights and interests,enhancing the predictability,guarding against the situations of infringement,and winning over the full support of the enterprises,.