In this paper, the convergence behaviour of a variant of Newton's method based on the centroidal mean is considered. The convergence properties of this method for solving equations which have simple or multiple roots have been discussed. It is shown that it converges cubically to simple roots with efficiency index is 1.442 and linearly to multiple roots. Moreover, the values of the corresponding asymptotic error constants of convergence are determined. Theoretical results have been verified on the relevant numerical problems. The proposed new method has the advantage of evaluating only the first derivative and less number of iterations to achieve third order accuracy. A comparison of the efficiency of this method with other mean-based Newton's methods, based on the arithmetic, geometric and harmonic means, is also included. Convergences to the root and error propagation with iteration are exhibited graphically with iterations.


These minor points, however, do not in any way detract from the general value of this work, which is particularly welcome especially as it comes from an African author, now working with the Economic Commission for Africa in Addis Ababa. Dr. Chidzero has gone to great pains in detailing every aspect of the influence of international trusteeship. He has rightly refuted Doctor Schwarzenberger's thesis that international trusteeship is a mere matter of " nuisance-value ", and has ably shown that so far as Tanganyika is concerned " international trusteeship . . . has profoundly influenced the constitutional and political development of the . . . Territory ".


Introduction: Ingestion during labor is an issue that has attracted the attention of the scientific community in recent decades, with different practices in different countries [1]. However, the influence of fluid intake scientific evidence in labor is still not fully understood [2]. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between the amount of fluid ingested during labor and the type of delivery, duration of labor, occurrence of nausea and vomiting and value of the Apgar Index at the 1st and 5th minutes of the newborn's life. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study included 144 parturient from two Portuguese Hospitals (Hospital Garcia de Orta and Hospital Nossa Srª do Rosário). This study was authorized by Data Protection National Commission (CNPD), approved by Hospitals Committee and Ethics Committee of Cooperativa de Ensino Superior Egas Moniz, and carried out in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975 as revised in 2000. A written informed consent was obtained from each participant. All parturient included were at least 37 weeks of gestation, primiparous, with fetus in cephalic presentation, with onset of spontaneous labor, at the beginning of the active phase (>4 cm of dilatation). Were excluded women with associated pathologies, previous pregnancy, pregnancies of medium or high risk and, that develop problems along the labor, such as hyperthermia, hypotension, hypoglycemia, fetuses with cardiotocographic alterations and newborns with tight cervical loops at birth. The logistic regression model, correlation coefficient of Spearman and logistic regression discriminant analysis was applied to data analysis. Results: Analysis revealed that the probability of occurrence of a dystocic birth does not depend on the amount of liquid ingested (ρ = 0.711). Additionally, there was a weak correlation between liquid ingestion and duration of labor (ρ = 0.269), but positive and significant (ρ = 0.001), it means, the higher the amount of water the longer the duration of labor; The results also reveal that the increased of fluid intake during labor increases the chance of nausea and vomiting 1.005 per mL of fluid ingested (ρ = 0.002). It was not observed a predictive effect of Apgar Index at 1st and 5th minutes of the newborn's life (ρ = 0.196 and ρ = 0.612, respectively). Discussion and conclusions: This study reinforces that the ingestion of fluid during labor does not have a predictive effect of dysthymia, or negative consequences for the newborn, which is according with other studies [1]. However, for this sample, the chance of occurrence of nausea and vomiting significantly increases with fluid ingestion during labor.


The aim of this article was to study the development of the health research in the Department of Santander during the last 10 years. The analysis time was divided in two periods: the first one from January 1995 to December 1999 and the second one from January 2000 to December 2004. Two variables were analyzed: number of projects financed by Colciencias and number of articles in journals indexed to PUBMED, in which at least one of the filial institutions belonged to Bucaramanga. Five projects were financed during the first 5 years and 19 articles were published. During the 2000-2004 period, 56 projects were financed and 73 articles were published. The institutions that contributed with more projects and publications were UIS, FCV, ICIB and UNAB. It is worth to emphasize that 70% of the publications are collaborative work between institutions making part of ICIB with support of collaborating foreign institutions. Also, there was an equal participation from the public and private sectors in this huge increment of health research, something unusual in a developing country. Based in projects that are now in course it is expected that the accelerated growth in health research in Santander may be maintained during the next years.


The total losses of a frequency converter are calculated by using a fast fixed-step circuit simulator. A simple model for calculating the frequency converter total losses at different operating points is presented. Direct torque control (DTC) is applied as the control method of the converter. The simulated converter losses are verified by measurements.


The invention discloses a flue gas purification system and a method with high removing efficiency of flue gas pollutants and low cost. The system consists of a flue gas desulfurization device, a heat exchanger, a gas phase oxidation unit and a liquid phase absorption device; the heat exchanger is used for ensuring the heat exchange between desulfurated flue gas and undesulfured flue gas under the mutually isolated condition; the gas phase oxidation unit is connected with the flue gas desulfurization device by the heat exchanger and is used for carrying out gas phase oxidation to the desulfurated flue gas after heat exchange; the liquid phase absorption device is connected with the gas phase oxidation unit and is used for absorbing and removing the gas phase oxidation products of desulfurated flue gas. The method includes the following steps: desulfurizing the flue gas; carrying out heat exchange between desulfurated flue gas and undesulfured flue gas under the mutually isolated condition to heat the desulfurated flue gas; carrying out gas phase oxidation to the heated desulfurated flue gas; and liquid-phase absorbing the oxidation products to generate clean flue gas.


Abstract The Romanian energy market has undergone, since the beginning of 2017, a period of turmoil underlying a short-term price rise, simultaneously with the inability of some market traders to comply with the contractual liabilities to which they had committed. Overall, the end consumer was not affected, however a series of traders became insolvent, and losses were taken over by the system operator and the suppliers of last resort. This paper aims at exploring the manner how principles applied in the blockchain concept, which lately has become extremely popular due to virtual coins, particularly Bitcoin, may be useful to all participants of an OTC market. This new technology could allow the appearance of new solutions to monitor the energy source used to achieve the NET 0 objective. This article represents exclusively the author's point of view and does not involve in any way the employer he is representing in the conference.


Abstract Aim: This article is set on presenting various types of anodontia, the most frequent types found in a dental office and to bring awareness to parents and also the dentists on the signs of agenesis and its consequences in time. Material and method: for a year (1st September 2017 – 31th August 2018) various patients with different types and locations of anodontia were diagnosed correctly by an oral and radiological exam in a dental office. Results. Anodontia is found almost equally in both sexes without major differences between males and females. Real agenesis is most frequently found in the second premolars – study reports show that this is because of phylogenetic evolution. False agenesis is more frequent in the 3rd molars because they are most likely extracted. Third molars are usually extracted because they don't have space to emerge on the maxilla or mandible or they emerge in a vicious position. Canine agenesis has a very low frequency. Conclusions: It is very important to do a thorough check-up and a correct case history followed by radiological investigations each time a suspicion of a possible anodontia exists. It can only be certainly diagnosed by having a full oral and radiological exam. Also a difference must be made between the real, false and pseudoanaodontia.


This is the seventh and final in a series of articles on presentations at the American Diabetes Association Annual Meeting, San Diego, California, 10–14 June 2005.

### Diabetes and atypical antipsychotic agents

John Newcomer (St. Louis, MO) discussed changes in adiposity and insulin sensitivity with the atypical antipsychotic agents ziprasidone, risperidone, aripiprazole, quetiapine, clozapine, and olanzapine, addressing the diabetes risk seen during treatment. Among persons with schizophrenia, approximately half are obese, half to three-quarters smoke, 10–14% have diabetes, particularly with coexisting depression, and there are also increased prevalences of hypertension and dyslipidemia. Metabolic syndrome, Newcomer stated, is present in ∼40% of persons with schizophrenia. Persons with schizophrenia have increased rates of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The mortality due to myocardial infarction is 19% greater among persons with any mental illness and is 34% greater among persons with schizophrenia (1) than in a control population. CVD, then, is of similar importance to suicide as a cause of death in these patients, whose overall mortality is increased by half, leading to a 20% shorter lifespan than in persons without schizophrenia (2).

A major issue is weight gain with the atypical antipsychotic agents. Although weight gain occurs with conventional antipsychotic agents such as haloperidol, greater weight gain definitely occurs with chlorpromazine, olanzapine, and clozapine and may occur with risperidone and quetiapine. A meta-analysis of weight change during randomized, controlled, 10-week trials showed that olanzapine and clozapine were associated with a 4-kg weight gain, while haloperidol and risperidone were associated with a 2-kg weight gain (3). Quetiapine leads to ∼4-fold and olanzapine ∼10-fold weight gain, while other antipsychotic agents give 2-fold greater rates of weight gain than those seen in nontreated schizophrenic persons. In 1-year studies, ziprasidone, risperidone, quetiapine, and olanzapine are associated with weight gains of ∼1, 2, 4, and 6 kg. The degree of weight gain appears to …


. The methodological basis for the formation of the system of ensuring socio– economic security includes features of the industrial sector. The specifics of his defense was designed to show with the help of the methodological


Information on Islamic banking and economics - an overview Islamic banking and finance, Imitiaz Pervez journal literature on IBE electronic databases and on-line services - the key to finding information on IBE information sources on Islamic banking and economics author index keyword subject index.


The aim of this article is to shed light on patterns of, and major motives for the utilisation of traditional medicine to fight the spread of HIV and AIDS in South Africa. This study was conducted in Soshanguve township in Gauteng. A qualitative approach was adopted by conducting focus group interviews with fifty-seven traditional healers. Data was analysed using axial coding and open coding, where dominant themes from the discussions were identified and discussed in detail. The findings depict that traditional healing is a deep-seated practice. In addition, the study established that the foremost motives for choosing traditional healers over biomedical practitioners were affordability of the services rendered by traditional healers and the efficacy and safety of traditional medicines. It is worth noting that the African continent, as the worst-ravaged region in terms of HIV and AIDS and the poorest in terms of modern health care resources, is an obvious site for collaboration between traditional healers and biomedical health care providers.


Determining the methylation state of regions with high copy numbers is challenging for second-generation sequencing, because the read length is insufficient to map uniquely, especially when repetitive regions are long and nearly identical to each other. Single-molecule real-time (SMRT) sequencing is a promising method for observing such regions, because it is not vulnerable to GC bias, it performs long read lengths, and its kinetic information is sensitive to DNA modifications. Here, we propose a novel algorithm that combines the kinetic information for neighboring CpG sites and increases the confidence in identifying the methylation states of those sites when they are correlated. Both the sensitivity and precision of our algorithm were >84% for the genome of an inbred medaka (Oryzias latipes) strain within a practical read coverage of <18-fold. Using this method, we characterized the landscape of the methylation status of repetitive elements, such as LINEs, in the human genome, thereby revealing the strong correlation between CpG density and hypomethylation and detecting hypomethylation hot spots of LTRs and LINEs. We also comprehensively evaluated the methylation states for nearly identical (> 99.8%) active transposons 4682 base pairs (bp) in length in the medaka genome, which were difficult to observe using bisulfite-treated short reads. There has been a great deal of interest in identification of genome-wide epigenetic DNA modifications in recent years, because DNA modifications play an essential role in cellular and developmental processes [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]. Many human diseases are associated with the disruption of DNA modifications. In particular, hypomethyla-tion of repetitive elements, such as LINE-1 elements, has been related to some cancers [10, 11]. Although only a few LINE-1 elements exhibit activity in the human genome [12], transpositions of these elements have been reported in various cancer genomes [13, 14], and importantly, it has been reported that transpositions are correlated with hypomethylation of the promoter region of LINE-1 elements [15]. Therefore , it is essential to develop an experimental framework that can characterize the methylation state of repetitive elements in a genome-wide manner. The advent of second-generation sequencing technology has increased the efficiency of the generation of precise genome-wide methylation maps at a single-base resolution using bisulfite treatment [16, 17, 18, 19, 20]; however, these sequencing-based technologies have difficulty in characterizing the methylation status of CpGs in regions that are highly similar to other regions. Bisulfite-treated short reads from these regions often fail to map …


There is much attention and excitement in the current health care environment on the potential of precision medicine based on a patient's genomic data. Today, what arguably remains as one of the most valuable and informative genetic tests is that of predictive testing for a known familial pathogenic variant. Predictive genetic testing determines whether the pathogenic variant previously identified in an affected family member(s) is present or not in relatives at risk. Previous research has documented that affected individuals undergoing genetic testing cite obtaining genetic information for others as being the most important, if not the only, motivation for undergoing genetic testing (2). Predictive, cascade testing is able to separate at-risk relatives who require vigilant serial screening from those who do not. For those with the predisposition, clinical screening allows for early identification of the family's phenotype, which when present, may require lifelong medical therapy, implantation of devices, and/or other types of medical management. Relatives who test negative for the familial variant can typically be released from lifelong screening. In addition, it is also then known that their children are not at increased risk for the family's disease. This approach can save the health care system, and the family itself, thousands of dollars. Cascade screening is imperative with "high-stakes" cardiovascular conditions, such as familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), long QT syndrome (LQTS), and other inherited arrhythmias, as well as other heritable cardiovascular phenotypes, including cardiomyopathies and aneurysms, where there is an increased risk for sudden cardiac death and severe morbidities such as heart failure.

The value of cascade screening for highly penetrant cardiovascular (and cancer) phenotypes has been acknowledged by public health officials. The United States Centers for Disease Control Office of Public Health Genomics classifies cascade screening of at-risk relatives for certain conditions, FH being one, as a Tier 1 genomic application, meaning it meets the criteria for analytic and clinical validity and utility and therefore has evidence supporting its implementation into practice (3). Cascade screening may include targeted genetic testing as well as clinical screening (e.g., lipid panel) of at-risk relatives.

This opinion provides a brief summary of research in this area and poses questions to facilitate future discussion regarding the potential for direct contact of at-risk relatives. As a practicing genetic counselor in clinical genetic medicine for 14 years who has provided genetic counseling and testing to thousands of families with heritable cardiovascular and cancer conditions, it is my opinion that more could be done to provide assistance to probands for at-risk relative notification and that genetic counselors are in the ideal position to facilitate cascade testing and lead forward-thinking research in this area (4).


The invention relates to a cell culture measuring system and a method for comparative studies on cell cultures. Object of the invention is to propose ways in which to carry out comparative studies on cell cultures under the same conditions of cells that are affected by a test fluid, and cells that are not affected by a test liquid. In an inventive cell culture measuring system cell cultures are grown on a cell culture carriers within a river channel. There are an inflow and an outflow for a liquid culture medium and at least two sensors are provided. In addition, a further inlet for a test liquid in the direction of flow of the culture medium between the inlet for the culture medium and the outlet of the flow channel is at least arranged such that by displacement of the culture medium flowing through the flow channel test liquid only environmentally part existing on the cell culture support cells and / or streaming. In addition, a sensor in the region of the prospective of test liquid cell and at least one further sensor in the area of affected with test liquid cell is at least arranged.


A study of the action of estrogen and progestogen on the onset, magnitude and duration of responsiveness (sensitivity) of the uterus to traumatization in the rat revealed that, in animals ovariectomized after estrus, maximal sensitivity could not be achieved by injection of progesterone alone, but was observed when both estrone and progesterone were administered simultaneously. The timing of the onset, magnitude and duration of sensitivity observed in the intact pseudopregnant rat was reproduced in rats ovariectomized after estrus by daily injections of estrone and progesterone in dosages identical with those necessary for optimal growth and maintenance of the resulting deciduomata. It is suggested that no major alteration in secretory activity of the ovary need occur to account for both the transiency of uterine sensitivity and the resulting decidual growth observed in the pseudopregnant rat. Although estrone potentiated the ability of progesterone to promote the sensitive state in the uterus, it inhibit...


A rubber composition for three-dimensional additive manufacturing is provided which enables optimal manufacture of formed rubber products by means of a three-dimensional additive manufacturing device. This rubber composition for three-dimensional additive manufacturing is characterized by containing liquid rubber.


A precarious balance exists between remaining faithful to one's own language and history while also maintaining an ethical attentiveness to the Other. The danger in the former is the penchant for colonizing and violently reducing the Other. The danger of the later is a supine servility and inability to offer a linguistic home for welcoming the Other. To navigate these two extremes, the conditional hospitality of Ricoeur's hermeneutics is brought into dialogue with the unconditional hospitality of Derrida's deconstruction. What is needed is the more embodied approach of a carnal hospitality that assists in discerning the right ways of touching and not touching, of uniting word and body, teaching us how to incarnate the impossible possibility of reconciliation and forgiveness with the stranger.


To solve the ATM replenishment optimization problem, we conducted in-depth research and analysis on it, established a counterfeit model, and proposed an improved algorithm to solve it. Combine the global search capability of Genetic Algorithm (GA), the excellent convergence capability of Particle Swarm optimization (PSO) and the local search capability of Simulated Annealing (SA) to propose an improved hybrid algorithm frame. Combine the actual production case of a bank's ATM replenishment planning to verify the effectiveness of the algorithm, the experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is effective in solving ATM replenishment optimization problem, and the proposed mathematical model is useful for the analysis of ATM replenishment optimization problem.


There are many algorithms currently available to approximate solutions to the 'travelling salesman' problem of finding the shortest route connecting n points in a complete tour. Conley (1988) presents a multi–stage simulation on a rank ordered distance array to solve a one vehicle problem for n = 20. A modification of that approach is presented here to deal with sending out two delivery trucks (or one truck making two trips) to touch all n points and return. An example for n = 33 is developed. The multi–stage simulation approach is then compared with other techniques.


The fens of eastern England rely on flood defences for their existence, and planning for flood risk has always had a high priority. A new focus was given with the issue of Planning Policy Guidance 25, and this paper presents experience from a Strategic Flood Risk Assessment of South Holland District, in Lincolnshire. The assessment pioneered the examination of fenland flood risk in terms of risk zones related to flood hazard and standard of protection. Methods for evaluating the risk zones are described; they consider flooding from embanked rivers which are subject to tide locking, internal drainage systems, tide level and wave action. The methods would be appropriate for many lowland areas of the UK where conventional flood analysis cannot be used.


This paper analyzes that non-government organization is one of the main bodies of public administration with many inner and outer positive factors in the innovation of system. It introduces that the innovation of institution includes innovation organization institution and innovation of management institution. At the same time, the results of innovation of institution have some deficiencies because of these constraint factors.


Turbo Trellis-Coded Modulation (TTCM) is an attractive scheme for higher data rate transmission, since it combines the impressive near Shannon limit error correcting ability of turbo codes with the high spectral efficiency property of TCM codes. We build a punctured parity-concatenated trellis codes in which a TCM code is used as the inner code and a simple parity-check code is used as the outer code. It can be constructed by simple repetition, interleavers, and TCM and functions as standard TTCM but with much lower complexity regarding real world implementation. An iterative bit MAP decoding algorithm is associated with the coding scheme. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) modulation has been a promising solution for efficiently capturing multipath energy in highly dispersive channels and delivering high data rate transmission. One of UWB proposals in IEEE P802.15 WPAN project is to use multi-band OFDM system and punctured convolutional codes for UWB channels supporting data rate up to 480Mb/s. The HomePlug Networking system using the medium of power line wiring also selects OFDM as the ii modulation scheme due to its inherent adaptability in the presence of frequency selective channels, its resilience to jammer signals, and its robustness to impulsive noise in power line channel. The main idea behind OFDM is to split the transmitted data sequence into N parallel sequences of symbols and transmit on different frequencies. This structure has the particularity to enable a simple equalization scheme and to resist to multipath propagation channel. However, some carriers can be strongly attenuated. It is then necessary to incorporate a powerful channel encoder, combined with frequency and time interleaving. We examine the possibility of improving the proposed OFDM system over UWB channel and HomePlug powerline channel by using our Turbo TCM with QAM constellation for higher data rate transmission. The study shows that the system can offer much higher spectral efficiency, for example, 1.2 Gbps for OFDM/UWB which is 2.5 times higher than the current standard, and 39 Mbps for OFDM/HomePlug1.0 which is 3 times higher than current standard. We show several essential requirements to achieve high rate such as frequency and time diversifications, multi-level error protection. Results have been confirmed by density evolution. The effect of impulsive noise on TTCM coded OFDM system is also evaluated. A modified iterative bit MAP decoder is provided for channels with impulsive noise with different impulsivity.


Saliency represents the probability of human attention over the image therefore is important in understanding the importance of different areas in the image. In this paper, we consider how to utilize the saliency information in HEVC video coding. The graph-based visual saliency is incorporated with the quantization control in HEVC to reduce the bit rate of compressed video by using larger quantization parameter for the coding unit which has lower probability of attention. As shown in our experiments, the proposed method achieves up to 12% bit rate reduction without perceptual quality loss.


Water is necessary for people's production and living.As a distressed county of our province,Zuoquan County is facing a problem of low supplying capacity.The paper analyzes the current situation and the forecast of water resources in Zuoquan County,and further presents the countermeasures should be taken.


We investigated black hole evolution on a quantum-gravitational scattering framework with the aim of tackling the black hole information paradox. With this setup, various pieces of system information are explicit from the start and unitary evolution is manifest throughout. The scattering amplitudes factorize into a perturbative part and a non-perturbative part. The non-perturbative part is dominated by an instanton-type contribution, i.e. a black hole analogue of the Coleman–De Luccia bounce solution, and we propose that the Hawking radiation be identified with the particles generated by the vacuum decay. Our results indicate that the black hole degrees of freedom are entangled not only with the Hawking modes but also with the pre-Hawking modes. The Wald's entropy charge measures their entanglement. The full quantum-gravitational entropy is defined as the vacuum expectation value of the Wald entropy charge. With this definition, a shifted Page-like curve is generically generated and its quantum extension is readily defined.


Background: The association of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and diabetes mellitus (DM) is very common. Aims and objectives: To find out whether there is difference in presentation of radiological images of PTB in diabetic patients comparing to non-diabetic patients affected by PTB. Methods: We screened 97 diabetic patients with established diagnosis of PTB and 97 patients affected by PTB without diabetes mellitus. Chest radiography of both groups were reviewed and compared in the time of establishing PTB diagnosis. Then a partial tuberculous (TB) infiltrate regression on chest radiography after the antituberculous treatment initiation, defined as obvious reducing of infiltrate size, was observed. The time of radiological regression was estimated as the number of days needed for partial radiological regression. Results: On the chest radiography upper lung lobe is involved by TB lesions in 42.2% diabetic and 62.5% non-diabetic patients (p Conclusions: PTB in diabetic patients is more likely to present with atypical radiological images and radiological TB infiltrate regression is prolonged in diabetic patients.


[1] The current sheet structure around the near-Earth neutral line during substorms is investigated using ion and electron velocity moments directly obtained by the Geotail satellite. The intense cross-tail current sheet is found to be thinner closer to the X line and becomes as thin as 500 km. This is less than the ion inertial length (720 km), where ions are decoupled from electrons. The current sheet is found to be bifurcated from the ion diffusion region to the off-neutral sheet and forms a double-peaked current sheet away from the X line. Fast dawnward moving electrons with the strong ambipolar electric field toward the neutral sheet (Ens) carry the intense electron-dominated current, and such Ens is larger than Ey in the bursty bulk flows. So-called Hall current system into/out of the X line caused by the large separation between ion and electron motions is fully identified. The Hall current system is observed around the neutral sheet in the vicinity of the X line and bifurcates to the north/south boundary regions as the distance from the X line increases. There, the inward and outward currents form antiparallel current layers, whose boundaries are identified as 0.8 ∼ 0.85 of lobe magnetic field intensity.


Scientific considerations made it possible to conclude that the final stage of the diagnostic procedure is the assessment of measurements. Therefore, the article presents the generalized result of a set of diagnostic tasks in the form of assessments: levels and scores. They reflect a certain degree of development in older preschoolers of important components of personal development and activity: emotional-valuable, cognitive, regulatory, creative, and playful while end-to-end abilities and skills that underlie the key competencies of future school studying. Based on the practical application with 6-7-year-old preschoolers of the set of diagnostic tasks "Magic Transformations", the qualitative and quantitative indicators of five levels of the child's readiness for start to study at primary school were characterized. Qualitative and quantitative indicators of a child's readiness to study at primary school are described as. The child's readiness for schooling is fully developed (63 – 47 points). The readiness of the child to study at school is sufficiently developed (46 – 32 points). The child's readiness to study at school is in the formative stage (31 – 16 points). The readiness of the child to study at school is conditional (15 – 7 points). The child is not ready for school (6 – 0 points). In the future, it is planned to subject a scientific assessment of the educational, educational, and developmental influences on preschoolers from the side of adults in the matter of preparing preschoolers for studying at school, with further implementation of developments in the practice of working with children.


Mannila 11] cites as an open problem in Data Mining the problem of nding all minimal keys in a relation instance using only time that is polynomial in the number of relation attributes and number of minimal keys and sub-quadratic in the size of the relation instance. This paper investigates the eecacy of an \A Priori"-type approach to the problem, applied simultaneously in a level-wise top-down and bottom-up manner.


A study of the relationship between the theory and practice of pastoral care in the episcopate of Robert Grosseteste, bishop of Lincoln


Poly ( acrylic acid) was grafted on PLLA through UV radiation,and PLLA nano-particles were prepared. Then collagen/PLLA nano-particle hybrid sponge was fabricated. The porosity of hybrid sponge was similar with that of collagen sponge,whereas density and wet modulus were improved,and the degradation was largely inhibited. The cell seeding efficiency and proliferation on the hybrid sponge was obviously promoted,indicating that the hybrid sponge was promising in tissue scaffold.


Large Arctic rivers discharge significant amounts of dissolved organic matter (DOM) into the Arctic Ocean. We sampled natural waters of the Lena River, the Buor-Khaya Bay (Laptev Sea), permafrost melt water creeks, ice complex melt water creeks and a lake. The goal of this study was to characterize the molecular DOM composition with respect to different water bodies within the Lena Delta. We aimed at an identification of source-specific DOM molecular markers and their relative contribution to DOM of different origin. The molecular characterization was performed for solid-phase extracted DOM by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS). Average dissolved organic carbon concentrations in the original samples were 490 ± 75 lmol C L for riverine and bay samples and 399 ± 115 lmol C L for permafrost melt water creeks. Average TDN concentrations were elevated in the permafrost melt waters (19.7 ± 7.1 lmol N L) in comparison to the river and the bay (both 13.2 ± 2.6 lmol N L). FT-ICR MS and statistical tools demonstrated that the origin of DOM in the Lena Delta was systematically reflected in its molecular composition. Magnitude weighted parameters calculated from MS data (O/Cwa, H/Cwa, C/Nwa) highlighted preliminary sample discrimination. The highest H/Cwa of 1.315 was found for DOM in melt Responsible Editor: Karsten Kalbitz. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s10533-014-0049-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. I. Dubinenkov (&) R. Flerus G. Kattner B. P. Koch Ecological Chemistry, Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar und Meeresforschung, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany e-mail: email@example.com Present Address: R. Flerus Biological Oceanography, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, Düsternbrooker Weg 20, 24105 Kiel, Germany P. Schmitt-Kopplin Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany P. Schmitt-Kopplin Technische Universität München, Alte Akademie 10, 85354 Freising, Germany B. P. Koch University of Applied Sciences, An der Karlstadt 8, 27568 Bremerhaven, Germany 123 Biogeochemistry (2015) 123:1–14 DOI 10.1007/s10533-014-0049-0 water creeks in comparison to 1.281 for river and 1.230 for the bay samples. In the bay samples we observed a higher fraction of oxygen-rich components which was reflected in an O/Cwa ratio of 0.445 in comparison to 0.425 and 0.427 in the river and creeks, respectively. From the southernmost location to the bay a relative depletion of nitrogenous molecular markers and an enrichment of oxidized DOM components occurred. The highest contribution of nitrogenous components was indicative for creeks reflected in a C/Nwa of 104 in comparison to 143 and 176 in the river and bay, respectively. These observations were studied on a molecular formula level using principal component and indicator value analyses. The results showed systematic differences with respect to water origin and constitute an important basis for a better mechanistic understanding of DOM transformations in the changing Arctic rivers.


With the development of drifting,the tour project of two-person drift has clear vigor in development,since it has no relative professional and practical skills.Take Pingfeng Rainforest Park in Dongxing as an example,this thesis aims to improve the reasonable development and smooth operation of the two-person drift tour project.


The present invention relates to a method for preparing nitrogen-doped graphene, the method comprising: a first step for preparing a mixed solution containing carbon atoms and nitrogen atoms by putting a carbon compound and an amine compound into an acidic solution, followed by heating, stirring, and thermal decomposition; a second step for forming a compound containing carbon atoms, nitrogen atoms, and Fe 2+ , and then obtaining the compound, the compound being formed by adding an Fe 2+ -containing solution to the mixed solution containing carbon atoms and nitrogen atoms, followed by stirring; a third step for forming an Fe substrate by thermally treating the compound, which is obtained in the second step, under a nitrogen ambience; and a fourth step for forming nitrogen-doped graphene by, after the third step, diffusing the carbon atoms and the nitrogen atoms, which are contained in the compound, into the Fe substrate through cooling. More preferably, the method further comprises a fifth step for removing, after the fourth step, the Fe substrate by adding an acid to cause a reaction.


Liver microsomal carboxylesterases (CES) function in the hydrolysis of a wide variety of endogenous and xenobiotic compounds, and play an important role in drug and lipid metabolism in many mammalian species. In the present study, twenty-seven CES isozymes were purified to electrophoretic homogeneity from liver microsomes of ten mammalian species and humans, and their physical, enzymological and immunological properties were compared with each other. The CES isozymes from various species examined here showed considerable similarities in physicochemical and immunochemical properties, but not similar in substrate specificities. ăZap II library from mouse liver, and ăgt11 libraries from human and rat liver were screened with antibodies raised to a purified liver CES isozymes. The deduced amino acid sequence of the clone possessed many structural characteristics that are highly conserved among rat RL1, RH1, RHlec, RS1, RS2, mouse ML1, MH1, MS1 and human HU1, including active site sequence(GESAGG, NKQEXG, GDHXD), and four cysteines which may be involved in the specific disulfide bond. It is well known that proteins which are retained in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lumen contain the retention signal at their carboxy terminal of the tetrapeptide. The five CES clones (RL1, RH1, RHlec, MH1, and HU1) also contained an ER-retention signal (HXEL). When clone was expressed in COS cells, the plasmid-coded protein was retained. The cells expressing CES is very high activity towards xenobiotic ester and amide. In conclusion, liver microsomal CES in mammals and humans are closely involved in drug and lipid metabolism in the endoplasmic reticulum, and it is noteworthy that the isozymes from various species examined here showed considerable similarities in amino acid sequences, but not similar in substrate specificities. These reasons may be, at least in part, due to the variances of substrate binding site, although the sequence is not clarified yet.


The tension and burst properties of M5 from France and N36 from China were studied.Textures of these cladding were analyzed by X-ray diffraction.It is shown that mechanical properties of these cladding were anisotropic.The dependence between texture and yield stress of these cladding was established qualitatively by considering the effect of texture on Schmidt factor and anisotropy of mechanical properties.


This paper concerns partial groups, objective partial groups, and localities, with special attention given to the quotient of a locality by a partial normal subgroup.


With the mobile phone subscriber penetration rate continuing to rise in Africa, the development of  suitable mobile phone applications is becoming an increasingly important field of interest. The GSMA  estimates that half the population in Sub-Saharan Africa will subscribe to mobile services by 2025,  which combined with the present mobile gender gap suggests that a significantly large portion of all  households will have access to a mobile phone. Although the usage of smartphones is being adopted  in the more urban areas, the International Data Corporation reports that during the first quarter of 2018  feature phones accounted for 60.8% of Africa's total mobile phone market. Especially in rural areas  where people live off the grid and have no direct access to an electricity power supply, basic and  feature phones will likely remain dominant due to their noticeably favorable power consumption.


THE INABILITY of governments across the world to predict accurately the number of nurses they need to train emerged as a central theme of the opening sessions of the International Council of Nurces'(ICN) centennial celebrations.


Speckman (1988) proposed a kernel smoothing method to estimate the parametric component β in the semiparametric regression model y = x τ β +g(t)+e, and showed that this kernel smoothing estimator is √ n-consistent for a certain deterministic bandwidth choice. However, the important issue of automatic band- width choice in this semiparametric setting has not been examined. This paper studies the asymptotic behavior of the bandwidth choice based on a general band- width selector which covers such well known data-driven methods as GCV and CV. This automatic bandwidth choice is proved to be asymptotically optimal and its asymptotic normality is established. The resulting data-driven kernel smoothing estimator of β is then showed to be still √ n-consistent. A simulation study is per- formed to compare small sample behaviors of various commonly used bandwidth selectors in this semiparametric setting, and a real data example is given.


The invention provides a battery charging control method, a device and a system. The method comprises the following steps: counting electric network accumulated power-failure time of a relevant station or battery accumulated discharging time within a statistics cycle; and controlling charging current value of bulk charge to the battery of the relevant station by a power rectification module, float charging time of float charging or sleep charging time of sleep charging in the next statistics cycle, wherein the charging current value and the float charging time are increased with the increasing of the electric network accumulated power-failure time or the battery accumulated discharging time, and the sleep charging time is reduced with the increasing of the electric network accumulated power-failure time or the battery accumulated discharging time. The method meets the charging requirements in different electric network environments, prolongs the service life of batteries, and reduces the maintenance cost of the batteries.


ABSTRACT In this project, the degradation of 4-Chloro phenol (4-CP) in aqueous environment by ultraviolet/persulphate (UV/PS) process was investigated in a batch photo-reactor. The full factorial design (FFD) and artificial neural networks (ANN) were used to investigate the influence of experimental variables comprising initial concentration of persulfate and 4-CP, and pH on the removal of 4-CP. The optimal conditions were achieved at 60 mM of persulphate(PS) and 0.5 mM of 4-CP and pH of 10. At this condition, the removal of 4-CP was 90.3% (experimental), and the predicted quantity by FFD and ANN approaches were 91.24 and 90.37%, respectively, and the removal of COD was 54.3% after 60 min of reaction. Also, the ANN model was better than FFD and the root mean square error (RMSE) of ANN was lower than FFD model (0.6017AAN ˂ 0.6832FFD). The ANN needs larger sets of data and computational time. A high correlation coefficient (R2 ANN = 0.9987, R2 FFD = 0. 9983) was attained by an assessment between the results of experimental and model. The average percentage error for ANN and FFD were 0.188 and 0.545, respectively, representing the benefit of ANN in taking the nonlinear performance of the system.


Melt pressure is one of the most important process parameters in polymer extrusion and it is also closely related to the product quality. However, it is not directly controllable and is affected in a complex manner by changing other process operating conditions such as screw rotation speed and set temperatures. The ability to predict such parameter would be a powerful tool to aid process design and optimisation. However, only a few practical process models are available to predict the melt pressure based on process settings in polymer extrusion. This paper describes new nonlinear static and linear dynamic models which have been developed to explore the effects of process settings and screw geometry on melt pressure development in single screw extrusion. A computationally efficient linear-in-the-parameters modelling technique was used in model development and the resultant models show satisfactory performance in predicting the melt pressure with good accuracy over a wide operating window.


In this study,the extraction technology of bone protein of pig was studied.At first the fat was removed by petroleum ether with the method of reflux at low temperature.Then the bone protein of pig was extracted after decalcification and alkali treatment.This experiment investgated the influence of decalcification conditions on the result and the optimum conditions of extraction was determined.The experimental results indicated that the best acid dipping condition is hydrochloric acid concentration 0.72 mol/L,solid-liquid ratio 1:10 and dipping time 8 h.And the optimum conditions of extraction are extraction time 7 h,matter to solvent =1:8,pH value 4,and temperature 100℃.


(57) Abstract: providing usage and sustained release formulations and their preparation. The sustained-release preparation, gelling agents, inert agents diluent, contain any hydrophobic material and / or a hydrophobic coating material consisting of the sustained release excipient, and the sustained release oral medicament for administration .


Two primary approaches to cognitive modeling have emerged in the last two decades: symbolic (or traditional) and subsymbolic (or connectionist). The symbolic approach characterizes cognition in terms of explicit rules phrased in a language of symbolic elements, e.g., if animal has sharp teeth and is big then run away fast. In contrast, the subsymbolic approach characterizes cognition in terms of nonlinear dynamical systems and numerical computation on state vectors; these complex computations are not readily reduced to rules; there is rarely a notion of discrete symbolic elements or antecedents and consequents.
In the past these paradigms have been viewed as mutually exclusive. The main claim in this thesis is that the two paradigms have complementary strengths and can have synergistic interactions. Because many cognitive domains are fundamentally rule governed, abandoning the formalism provided by symbolic rules is unnecessary and unwise. However, most cognitive domains also involve some type of categorization to construct symbols (e.g., to recognize that a particular object is a "table"), and much category formation appears to be intrinsically a subsymbolic process. Thus, rather than adopting one paradigm or the other; what is needed is an integration of the two. This thesis presents a neural network architecture, called RuleNet, that learns both a functional categorization of input elements and rules based upon those categories. The rules perform string-to-string mappings of the general form: if certain conditions on the elements of the input string or the categorization of these elements are true then apply a certain transformation of the string. Simulations show that in this domain, by explicitly learning rules, RuleNet can outperform other networks, as well as outperform a symbolic-statistical approach. It is also shown that RuleNet can be applied to real cognitive domains, such as the problem of case-role assignment, in which syntactic constituents of a sentence are mapped to their underlying semantic roles. The methodology used to develop RuleNet is quite general and should be useful in designing architectures for a wide range of rule formalisms.


The invention relates to an OBD (on-board diagnostics) system based cloud service system and an OBD system. The cloud service system comprises the OBD system, an on-board communication terminal and a cloud platform communication server. The OBD system is used for acquiring status data of cars and driving behavior data of drivers; the on-board communication terminal is used for sending the status data of the cars and the driving behavior data of the drivers through a wireless communication network; the cloud platform communication server is used for realizing communication with the on-board communication terminal, receiving the status data of the cars and the driving behavior data of the drivers and analyzing to generate drive prompt messages to the on-board communication terminal to be displayed. Since the status data of the cars and the driving behavior data of the drivers are acquired through the OBD system and are uploaded to the cloud platform communication server, behavior habits of the drivers are analyzed by the cloud technology, the drive prompt messages are pushed to the drivers of the cars to prompt the drivers to notice the car status and to regulate driving habits, and thus, the drivers can get complete help.


This paper presents the application of a millimetre wave radar technology to environment mapping in surface mining. Sensor requirements for ranging and surface profiling in shovel and dragline operations were determined based on machines performance requirements. Frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) technique was selected to achieve the correct range resolution while fast Fourier techniques (FFT) was used to extract the range data from the radar output. Radar data processing was undertaken using stochastic environment representation technique in real-time. The results of field trials show successful radar performance in terms of the system's accurate measurement of excavation terrain, real-time imaging, robustness, reliability and penetration through dust and water


Abstract Fischer E., Lobin W. & Mutke J.: Striga barthlottii (Orobanchaceae), a new parasitic species from Morocco. — Willdenowia 41: 51–56. — Online ISSN 1868-6397; © 2011 BGBM Berlin-Dahlem. doi:10.3372/wi.41.41105 (available via http://dx.doi.org/) Striga barthlottii, a species of the broomrape family (Orobanchaceae) endemic to Morocco and parasitising exclusively on succulent Euphorbia species, is described as new to science and compared with the widespread, polymorphic S. gesnerioides, for which it was previously mistaken.


Between 1951 and 1958, at the request of the French episcopate, Father Lebret and his collaborators of Economie et Humanisme devoted their sociological skills to benefit a pastoral commitment. This article considers the conditions under which Father Lebret began this work, focusing on the mobilization of a network of researchers, activists and priests and on the conceptual tools, publications and social inquiries that resulted. Lebret's religious sociology can be considered a key example of the "sociological enthusiasm" in the Church of France during the post-war decades and shows how analytic models circulated between general and pastoral sociology. It came to an end in 1958, when Lebret, after managing several social surveys in third world countries, turned to a career as international expert in economic development.


The independent innovation is a systematic project.As He-Wu-Beng independent innovation testing district takes the independent innovation as its key objective of adjustment of industrial structure,transformation of development way,construction of innovative Anhui and accelerating development of Anhui Province,it should also focus on development of county economy,harmonious development between urban and rural areas,and the urban coordinated development based on the reality of Anhui Province.In order to achieve the objective,it should carry on the innovative design of economic system,social system and transformation of government functions.


Combining ability was studied in bitter gourd (Momordica Charantia L.) for yield and its components following half diallel mating system among six diverse parents. The statistical significance of GCA effects suggested that genetic difference existed among the parents selected for hybridization. Additive gene action was predominant for earliness, vegetative and fruit characters, while non-additive effects of genes predominated for the expression of yield components. The parents PBIG-4 and PBIG-2 were good general combiners for most of the characters while three crosses viz. PBIG-2 X PBIG-1, PBIG-2 X Priya White and PBIG-1 X Kalyanpur Barahmasi came out to be the best specific combiners for yield components. Therefore, these are proposed for their further utilization in hybrid breeding programmes aimed at improving the desired traits.


This paper describes a high-resolution energy-efficient CMOS temperature sensor, intended for the temperature compensation of MEMS/quartz frequency references. The sensor is based on silicided poly-silicon thermistors, which are embedded in a Wien-bridge RC filter. When driven at a fixed frequency, the filter exhibits a temperature-dependent phase shift, which is digitized by an energy-efficient continuous-time phase-domain delta-sigma modulator. Implemented in a 0.18-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> CMOS technology, the sensor draws 87 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{A}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> from a 1.8 V supply and achieves a resolution of 410 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{K}_{\textrm {rms}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> in a 5-ms conversion time. This translates into a state-of-the-art resolution figure-of-merit of 0.13 pJ <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\cdot$ </tex-math></inline-formula> K2. When packaged in ceramic, the sensor achieves an inaccuracy of 0.2 °C (3<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\sigma )$ </tex-math></inline-formula> from −40 °C to 85 °C after a single-point calibration and a correction for systematic nonlinearity. This can be reduced to ±0.03 °C (3<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\sigma )$ </tex-math></inline-formula> after a first-order fit. In addition, the sensor exhibits low 1/<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$f$ </tex-math></inline-formula> noise and packaging shift.


The preparation of o-biphenyl and p-cumenylphenyl phosphorodichloridates and the corresponding dichloridophosphorothioates are discussed. The phosphorodichloridates have been converted into some of the corresponding dialkyl phosphates, N,N'-disubstituted phosphorodiamidates, and phosphorodihydrazides. The N-arylphosphoramidic chloridates were converted into mixed phosphorodiamidates, hydrazides and azides. The phosphorodichloridates were hydrolysed to the corresponding dihydrogen phosphates, but the reaction failed with the dichloridophosphorothioates. Attempts to obtain nitrene-insertion reactions, by heating the phosphoramidic azides with diphenyl ether, were also unsuccessful; however, the azide did undergo pseudohalogen replacement by treatment with ethylamine or morpholine. The biological activity of some of these compounds is briefly discussed.


Background: Dermatophytes, yeasts and moulds all are potential causative agents of onychomycosis.The aim of this study was to determine the percentage of cases of onychomycoses caused by each group. In addition, the responsible genus and species was identified for each nail infection. Patients and methods: In a retrospective study performed at the Department of Dermatology of the Leipzig University, 5 077 nail samples from 4 177 patients -2 240 women and 1 937 men - with a variety of nail changes-not just onychomycosis-were investigated. 75 % were toenails, 23 % fingernails, and 2 % from both sites. Results: Both microscopic and/or cultural detection of fungi (dermatophytes, yeasts and moulds) were successful in 54% of samples. Causative fungal agents were: 68 % dermatophytes, 29 % yeast, and 3 % moulds. The most frequently detected dermatophyte species were T. rubrum (91 %), and T. mentagrophytes (7.7 %). Among yeasts, C. parapsilosis (42 %) was most common, followed by C. guilliermondii (20.1 %), C. albicans (14.2 %), and Trichosporon spp. (10%). Scopulariopsis brevicaulis (43 %) was the most frequent mould.The percentage of mixed fungal infections was 22 %. Conclusions: Dermatophytes, in particular T. rubrum, but also T. mentagrophytes, are the most frequently isolated causative agents in onychomycosis. In addition, yeasts may be isolated relatively frequently, while moulds are uncommon.


Abstract The oxinates of Co(III), Rh(III) and Ir(III) were prepared in relatively high cis/trans isomer ratios. These isomers were separated by silica gel column chromatography and characterized by TLC, HPLC, elemental analyses and proton NMR. The existence of the expected trans and cis structural isomers for trivalent metal oxinates was conclusively demonstrated.


Citrullus lanatus is widely distributed in Africa where majority of people consume its fruits while discarding its seeds. Apart from its nutritional benefit, traditionally, its seeds are used in the treatment of various ailment including ulcer. This study aims at evaluating the antiulcer property of Citrullus lanatus seed in animal models. The antiulcer activity of Citrullus lanatus seed (CLS) was evaluated in ethanol-induced model of gastric ulcers in albino rats. CLS extract has showed a significant (p


which may present themselves for solution in a seriously directed camp group. There are, too, all those problems that concern the transference of the results of camp experiences from the camp back to city and home life. A knowledge of these factors is, of course, a part of the equipment of well-trained social workers, according to the pattern social work has taken today. They are new, however, to most camp workers. Certain camp people may even harbor a resistance to what they consider an expansion of camp philosophy, which they understand and execute only in the light of their own religious and social convictions. Any sin. cere camp worker, however, will realize that the only way to increase the value of camp experience for children is to revise the whole philosophy of camping as it exists today. We know that the camping movement originated in the sentimental clinging to some vague fantasies about the charms of the Wild West with its pioneer camps and picturesque Indian settlements. Later, ex. perimental psychology brought about a meeting of science and camping. But this meeting was successful for the progress of neither one nor the other and the result is still a great deal of resistance found among camp-movement leaders today Journal of Social Casework


For over a decade, engineers have used the analog computer to simulate systems, models of which could be represented by groups of nonlinear simultaneous first-order differential equations. As the digital computer became more prominent, it was often used to cross check, to set up, and to solve problems run on the analog computer. Many digital codes were developed to complement, check out, and even replace the analog computer. Codes such as DAS, MIDAS, PARTNER, DYSAC, MIMIC, DSL/90, and others came into wide use, and some of the reasons for their development have been ably reviewed by Brennan and Linebarger and later by Clancy and Fineberg.


The Sandankai System Method is utilized for disaster education to improve communication of disaster risk at the community level. A case study was carried out in the Samcheok High School, City of Samcheok, Gangwon Province, Korea. The case study demonstrates how students who experienced the disaster in 2002 in their local community can create disaster scenarios and collaboratively develop an action plan for their community. The Sandankai Method consists of the following steps: definition of the major premises of the disaster situation, development of disaster scenarios and an action plan by completion of a Sandankai chart, collaborative discussion among members of each group, and presentation of the disaster scenarios and action sub-plan of each group. The Sandankai chart has three time-phases: within one to two days, within one to two weeks and within one to two months, after a disaster.


The purpose of the paper is to investigate the soil organic matter and related properties of Terra Preta soils and to then relate them to modern sustainable agriculture. This paper is intended for scientists and students interested in the soil fertility of Oxisols. Abstract Most soils found in the Amazon region are characterized by highly weathered profiles that are incapable of long-term agricultural production. However, small patches of highly fertile relict soil referred to as Terra Pretas, are also found in the Amazon region, and have maintained their integrity for thousands of years. These soils were anthropologically formed, being of pre-Columbian origin and are unique in their high amounts of charcoal and nutrients compared to the surrounding soils. The charcoal serves to stabilize the organic matter in the soil, increase cation exchange capacity, and increase water retention due to its porous structure and high surface area. Organic wastes, such as bones and manure are thought to be the source of additional nutrients. To improve the overall productive capacity of the soil in this region, slash and char has been proposed to replace the traditional practice of slash and burn in order to mimic the high amounts of charcoal found in Terra Pretas soils. Instead of burning the vegetation and releasing the carbon into the atmosphere, the vegetation would be charred and the carbon would be sequestered in the soil on a small scale. Furthermore, based on the stability of charcoal and its ability to sequester carbon, some scientists are suggesting we consider pyrolysis (the process that creates charcoal by heating organic material with low amounts of oxygen) and its byproducts as a solution to soil quality issues, global warming, and peak oil. This concept is very controversial and relatively unstudied; further research is needed to truly understand the consequences of sequestering large amounts carbon in the soil and the use of biofuels formed as byproducts of pyrolysis.


Sorbitol diphosphonate of melamine(SDM),a novel intumescent flame retardant,was synthesized from melamine(MEL) and sorbitol phosphonate dichloride(SDD),which was prepared from sorbitol(SOR) and phosphoros oxychloride(POC) in the absence of organic solvent.The wall of the microcapsules of SDM was melamine formaldehyde resin and the flame retardent were tested.The effects of molar ratio,reaction tempurature and time,other factors of the reaction on the product yields were studied,and the optimal condition was obtained.The results showed that,the optimal condition of synthesis of SDD was that n_(SOR): n_(POC)=1:3,reacting at 373 K for 40 minutes and the yield of SDD was about 74%;when n_(SDD): n_(MEL)=1:2,reacting at 413 K for 2 h,the yield of SDM was about 81%.


It has been asserted that nucleic acid triple helices might play a role in the molecular pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease. Could changes in polyamine levels drive this? Could this partially explain why the Mediterranean diet is associated with a reduced risk of Alzheimer's disease? Introduction Polyamines have diverse physiological effects including, it is thought, diverse effects on the brain [1]. Polyamines may play roles in: protein synthesis, stabilization and compaction of DNA, the modulation protein kinases, influencing epigenetic regulation, influencing acetyl cholinesterase activity, affecting various ionic channels –including modulating N-Methyl-D-Aspartate receptors (NMDAR), and might modify the conformation and aggregation of proteins including the aggregation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptide [1, 2, 3,4, 5, 6]. This is of particular interest in Alzheimer's disease, where it is believed that there are changes in polyamine concentrations [5]. Considering these diverse physiological effects, a central question is what is the net effect of the altered polyamines levels found in brains affected by Alzheimer's disease? In a mouse model, it appears that inhibition of polyamine system reverses the memory impairment induced by Aβ [7]. Another question is could other molecular mechanisms of polyamines also be involved? A Hypothesis DNA is a highly dynamic molecule. While nearly everyone is familiar with the B-helix from high school biology, DNA can actually form many different conformations [8-10]. These structures are believed to have biological relevance [8 -10]. One class of conformations is the nucleic acid triple helix [8 -10]. The third strand binds in the major groove of the double helix through Hoogsteen or reverse Hoogsteen bonding [8 -10]. The third strand targets a polypurine track on the double helix. In H-DNA, the DNA folds back, resulting in intramolecular triple helix formation along with an unpaired stretch of DNA [9, 10]. Alternatively an RNA oligonucleotide can bind in the major groove of the DNA [8 -10]. It has been asserted that nucleic acid triple helices have biological functions in vivo [8 -10]. There is speculation about multiple mechanisms by which nucleic acid triple helices might influence gene expression [8-12]. It has been speculated that the polypurine tracks in genes differentially expressed in Alzheimer's might be targets for triplex formation [13, 14]. The question is what influences triplex formation? One of the ways might be polyamine levels [8, 15, 16]. Nucleic acid triple helices are stabilized by positively charged polyamines which reduce repulsion between the negatively charged phosphates along the backbones of the three nucleic acid strands. There is evidence that polyamines may help stabilize nucleic acid triple helices. Furthermore, there is evidence that polyamines may be elevated in the brains individuals with Alzheimer's [17]. This raises the question is gene expression in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's altered via nucleic acid triplexes that are stabilized by elevated polyamine levels? What might help control polyamine levels? Cancer researchers believe that polyphenols might help to curb polyamine levels [18, 19].The traditional Mediterranean Diet contains polyphenolrich components such as fruits, vegetables, olive oil, and legumes [19, 20]. Could this partially explain why the polyphenol-rich Mediterranean Diet has been associated with a reduced risk of Alzheimer's disease [21, 22]? Citation: Celia M. Ross (2016) A Hypothesis about a Possible a Molecular Mechanism in Alzheimer's Disease. BAOJ Neuro 2: 011. Page 2 of 2 BAOJ Neuro, an openaccess journal Volume 2; Issue 1; 011 References 1. Guerra GP, Rubin MA, Mello CF (2016) Modulation of learning and memory by natural polyamines. Pharmacol Res pii: S10436618(16)30189-X. 2. Essemine J, Hasni I, Carpentier R, Thomas TJ, Tajmir-Riahi HA, et al. (2011) Binding of biogenic and synthetic polyamines to β-lactoglobulin. Int J BiolMacromol 49(2): 201-209. 3. Hamada H, Arakawa T, Shiraki K (2009) Effect of additives on protein aggregation. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 10(4): 400-407. 4. Pegg AE (2014) The function of spermine. IUBMB Life 66(1): 8-18. 5. Luo J, Yu CH, Yu H, Borstnar R, Kamerlin SC, et al. (2013) Cellular polyamines promote amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptide fibrillation and modulate the aggregation pathways. ACS ChemNeurosci 4(3): 454462. 6. Luo J, Mohammed I, Warmlander SK, Hiruma Y, Graslund A, et al. (2014) Endogenous polyamines reduce the toxicity of soluble aβ peptide aggregates associated with Alzheimer's disease. Biomacromolecules 15(6): 1985-1991. 7. Gomes GM, Dalmolin GD, Bar J, Karpova A, Mello CF, et al. (2014). Inhibition of the polyamine system counteracts β-amyloid peptideinduced memory impairment in mice: involvement of extrasynaptic NMDA receptors. PLoS One 9(6): e99184. 8. Duca M, Vekhoff P, Oussedik K, Halby L, Arimondo PB, et al. (2008) The triple helix: 50 years later, the outcome. Nucleic Acids Res 36(16): 5123-5138. 9. Bacolla A, Wang G, Vasquez KM (2015) New Perspectives on DNA and RNA Triplexes as Effectors of Biological Activity. PLoS Genet 11(12): e1005696. 10. Buske FA, Mattick JS, Bailey TL (2011) Potential in vivo roles of nucleic acid triple-helices. RNA Biol. 8(3): 427-439. 11. Schmitz KM, Mayer C, Postepska A, Grummt I (2010). Interaction of noncoding RNA with the rDNA promoter mediates recruitment of DNMT3b and silencing of rRNA genes. Genes Dev 24(20): 22642269. 12. Scanlon KJ, Ohta Y, Ishida H, Kijima H, Ohkawa T, et al. (1995) Oligonucleotide-mediated modulation of mammalian gene expression. FASEB J 9(13): 1288-12896. 13. Singh HN, Rajeswari MR (2015) Role of long purine stretches in controlling the expression of genes associated with neurological disorders. Gene 572(2): 175-183. 14. Singh HN, Rajeswari MR (2015) Gene regulation by long purine tracks in brain related diseases. Data Brief 5: 218-225. 15. Hampel KJ, Crosson P, Lee JS (1991) Polyamines favor DNA triplex formation at neutral pH. Biochemistry 30(18): 4455-4459. 16. Thomas T, Thomas TJ (1993) Selectivity of polyamines in triplex DNA stabilization. Biochemistry 32(50): 14068-14074. 17. Inoue K, Tsutsui H, Akatsu H, Hashizume Y, Matsukawa N, et al. (2015) Metabolic profiling of Alzheimer's disease brains. Sci Rep 3: 2364. 18. Bachrach U, Wang YC (2002) Cancer therapy and prevention by green tea: role of ornithine decarboxylase. Amino Acids 22(1): 1-13. 19. Linsalata M, Orlando A, Messa C, Refolo MG, Russo F, et al. (2010) Quercetin inhibits human DLD-1 colon cancer cell growth and polyamine biosynthesis. Anticancer Res 30(9): 3501-3507. 20. Tapsell LC (2014) Foods and food components in the Mediterranean diet: supporting overall effects. 21. Feart C, Samieri C, Barberger-Gateau P (2010) Mediterranean diet and cognitive function in older adults. 22. Scarmeas N, Stern Y, Tang MX, Mayeux R, Luchsinger JA, et al. (2006) Mediterranean diet and risk for Alzheimer's disease. Ann Neurol 59(6): 912-921.


or the past several years, there has been a shift to a health care system based on value, rather than volume. Amidst this shift, "value to whom" has been a consistent question, with payers, providers, patients and other stakeholders defining "value" from different vantage points. PIPC has continuously advocated that value should first and foremost be considered through the lens of patients and people with disabilities who are the ultimate beneficiaries of health care.


THE PROPERTIES OF THE BITUMEN USED AS A BINDER IN BITUMINOUS ROAD CONSTRUCTION ARE OF CONSIDERABLE IMPORTANCE. ANALYSES IN ACCORDANCE WITH DIN 1995 HAVE SHOWN THAT BITUMENS OF DIFFERENT ORIGINS SATISFY THE STANDARD IN ONE RESPECT BUT NOT IN OTHERS. TABLES OF FIGURES ARE GIVEN IN ILLUSTRATION. PROPOSALS MUST BE MADE FOR CHANGING THE STANDARD IN ACCORDANCE WITH REQUIREMENTS. FURTHER TEST METHODS USED IN OTHER COUNTRIES AND THEIR TEST INSTRUCTIONS ARE DISCUSSED AND ILLUSTRATED BY FURTHER TABLES. /FG/RRL/


A nitrogen fertilizer study was conducted in order to determine the effect of N rates on forage sorghum yield and quality and to develop tissue testing guidelines for fertilizer application to forage sorghum. The study was conducted at the University of Arizona Maricopa Agricultural center on sandy clay loam soil irrigated using the flood method. Forage sorghum was fertilized with six N rates varying from 0 to 250 lb N/acre in 50 lb N/acre increments. The whole plant, lower stem, and most recently expanded leaf were sampled five times during the growing season and analyzed for N content in order to establish tissue N guidelines for fertilizer application. The plant part that was most sensitive to N fertilizer application and plant N status was lower stem. Leaf and plant N levels were not affected by fertilizer application. The stem nitrate and stem N tests were able to identify N deficient plants very early in the season, long before plant growth was affected by the N deficiency, unlike leaf and plant N. Forage yield at final harvest fitted to a quadratic function was maximized at the 250 lb N/acre N rate. However, the yield increase with any amount of fertilizer did not pay for the cost of the fertilizer and the most economical N rate for yield was no N fertilizer applied at all. In terms of milk per acre, the maximum was achieved at 150 lb N/acre, and the economic optimum in terms of milk was slightly less than this amount of fertilizer.


The aims of this paper are to examine the effect of factors that contribute towards the profitability of Islamic bank in Indonesia over the period 2008 – 2017. The research method used in this study is the explanatory method. We use secondary data obtained from the OJK to examine the effect of Bank Specific & Macroeconomic Determinants of Islamic Bank Profitability and then analyse the data using GMM techniques. The result of the study found that only Bank Size of Bank Specific determinant had a positive effect both ROA and ROE while Capital, credit risk and Liquidity had a negative effect on the profitability of Islamic banking in Indonesia. Finally, the macroeconomic determinant found only inflation had positive effect while GDP had no significant effect on Islamic bank profitability. The result indicates that Islamic bank in Indonesia need well developed and well supported by government through independent regulation out of the bank of Indonesia, this mean Islamic bank could develop regulation and well Islamic product as conducted by Islamic law and Sunnah


The reaction of O-tert-butyl-N-(chloromethyl)-N-methyl carbamate (1) with lithium powder and a catalytic amount of 4,4'-di-tert-butylbiphenyl (DTBB, 2.5 mol %) in the presence of different electrophiles [Me3SiC1, iBuCHO, tBuCHO, PhCHO, 4-MeOC6HaCHO, (CH2)4CO, MeCOnpr, Et2CO, MeCO(CH2)2CH=CH2, PhCOMe, PhCOnBu, Ph2CO] in THF at -78°(2 leads, after hydrolysis with water, to the expected functionalised carbamates 2. Carbamates 2 derived from carbonyl compounds are deprotected with hydrogen chloride (for aromatic aldehyde or ketone derivatives) or with a mixture of phenol and trimethylsilyl chloride (for aliphatic aldehyde derivatives) giving substituted 1,2-diols 4.


We present Monte Carlo radiative transfer models for B335, S140, and ρ Ophiuchi A that simulate the emission line arising from the 557 GHz 110 → 101 ground-state transition of ortho-H216O. These models reproduce the line profiles with a combination of turbulent and macroscopic motions, and are consistent with gravitational infall in ρ Oph A. We cannot, however, discriminate infall from outflow for S140. Our models are consistent with ortho-H2O abundances relative to H2 of 2 × 10-8 and 4.5 × 10-9 in S140 and ρ Oph A, respectively, and an upper limit of 4 × 10-6 (3 σ) in B335, assuming the ratio ortho-H2/para-H2 = 0.1. We quantify the impact of dust continuum emission on the derived abundances.


Recent experiments which achieved the autopoiesis of caprylate micelles by aqueous alkaline hydrolysis of ethyl caprylate have shown that the kinetics of this process are highly non-linear. There is an extended induction period during which the concentration of micelles remains small; at the end of this period, ethyl caprylate is consumed and micelles form rapidly via an autocatalytic reaction. In this paper, we investigate two macroscopic kinetic models for this process. In the first, we specifically include the equilibrium critical micellar concentration for caprylate anions and require that self-replication of micelles only occurs beyond this point. In the second, we study the properties of a non-linear model which is capable of accounting for the very sharp growth in total caprylate concentration as a function of time, without making any assumptions concerning equilibrium. Although both of these models have limitations, they provide insight into what features a more realistic model must have. We conclude by formulating a mesoscopic model that provides a much more detailed description of the microscopic processes of micelle formation, and which we believe will provide a quantitative description of the observed reaction kinetics.


The viscosity of low SiO2 (10–20 mass%)-CaO-Al2O3 slag system was measured in a wide temperature range (1 623–2 800 K) using the rotational bob method and the aerodynamic levitation method. The inf ...


This paper gives an overview of different methods f or collector parameter identification and uncertain ty analysis. The parameters for two uncovered collecto r models have been identified based on measured dat a of a 50 m solar heating system under continental climate. Th e model parameters are determined using two different parameter identification methods a global optimization method and a matrix method (Multi Linear Regression, MLR). For a steady state model according to EN12975, the standard multi linear regression has been implemented based on the least square method. The results are similar to th e parameters identified by (Rockendorf et al., 2001) for temperate climate, except for the heat transfer coefficient b1. For the parameter identification of the iterative , non-linearized model (Frank, 2007) the global optimization algorithm, particle swam optimi zation with constriction coefficient algorithm (PSOCC), has been implemented in Genopt and coupled with the simulation tool TRNSYS. It runs stable and gives plausible and reproducible results, howev er, it is more difficult to implement and has a lon ger running time.


Background: Patients' expectations about their cancer treatment have been studied with regards to efficacy and side effects. However, previous research is largely quantitative and therefore more in-depth information about what patients expect before treatment is lacking. Exploring patients' expectations of cancer treatment qualitatively may uncover additional concerns that have not previously been addressed. Therefore the current study aimed to qualitatively explore patients' expectations of cancer treatment.
Methods: Qualitative, semi-structured interviews were conducted with twelve individuals who had received cancer treatment no more than two years previous. Interviews occurred face-to-face or on the telephone. Data were analysed using thematic analysis.
Findings: Thematic analysis uncovered three themes: 'focusing on the process or the outcome', 'investing in treatment' and 'physical and psychological impact'. Participants were invested in their treatment's efficacy, treatment gave hope and was often expected to be, and viewed as, a necessary evil. The impact of treatment was ameliorated by familiarity and feeling prepared, and opportunities for social contact. Participants fell into one of two groups: those with initially negative treatment expectations who experienced some relief when treatment was not as bad as anticipated and those whose expectations were more positive who then felt shock when treatment became a reality.
Discussion: Patients' expectations of cancer treatment do include thoughts about treatment outcomes or efficacy and side effects but also focus on other factors such as the impact treatment will have on work and family life. Future research should attempt to incorporate these broader aspects of expectations and explore them further.


Abstract Membrane-based pretreatment can recover organic matter from the sewage and further reduce energy consumption, and the remaining wastewater often contains low C/N ratio. Anoxic/oxic membran...


The main types of breakages of taps are the destruction of cutting edges by the cutting forces and fracture of tap by tapping torque. To determine the power characteristics of threading the specific forces, the cutting forces on the cutting and the calibrate parts of the tap and threading torque are investigated, considering the kinematic geometric parameters of the tool. The dependencies to determine the cutting forces and torques in the processing of threading by taps are obtained. Presented dependencies consider the kinematics and changes of geometrical parameters of taps along the cutting edges during threading process, that enabling evaluate power load and predict possible breakages.


We study pseudodierential operators with amplitudes a"(x, ) depending on a singular parameter " ! 0 with asymptotic properties measured by dierent scales. We prove, taking into account the asymptotic behavior for " ! 0, refined versions of estimates for classical pseudodierential operators. We apply these estimates to nets of regularizations of exotic operators as well as operators with amplitudes of low regularity, providing a unified method for treating both classes. Further, we develop a full symbolic calculus for pseudo- dierential operators acting on algebras of Colombeau generalized functions. As an application, we formulate a sucient condition of hypoellipticity in this setting, which leads to regularity results for generalized pseudodierential equations.


For pt.III see ibid., vol.8, p.775-84 (1978). Calculations of the energy, Delta E, of hydrogen in the transition metals Pd, Rh and Ni previously reported were in error because of an inaccurate approximation used for the exchange and correlation energy contribution xi xc. Corrected results are presented and now disagree with the experimental results. The theory has therefore been critically reexamined and several refinements considered in detail. It is shown that the original theory correctly included the non-orthogonality of the basis functions. Further, the inclusions of second-neighbour sites of the impurity in the Vdd' matrix and gradient corrections to the exchange and correlation potential are shown to have little effect. The original perturbation treatment of the Vss' matrix has been tested by treating the g=0 orthogonal plane waves more rigorously through a Wannier-function representation. Significant changes occur at low energies in the electron density of states but the Delta E values are little affected. It is possible that the g not=0 Wannier functions could produce significant effects. A model calculation for a non-spherical impurity potential shows that a spherically symmetric screened Coulomb potential may be inadequate to describe hydrogen in transition metals.


Operations of the first ESO Very Large Telescope (VLT), the 8m-Antu, started on April 01, 1999, and two instruments, FORS1 (FOcal Reducer/low dispersion Spectrograph) and ISAAC (Infrared Spectrometer And Array Camera) became available to the user community on the same day. ESO's Data Flow Concept embraces the definition of observations (Phase 2 Proposal Preparation, P2PP), the execution (Paranal Science Operations), and the different functions of Data Flow Operations (DFO). As part of DFO, the Quality Control Scientists are in control of the following tasks: (1) distribution of data, (2) creation of master calibration data, (3) reduction of science data, (4) performance of quality control and trend analysis. In this paper we will describe in more detail the work within the Quality Control Group, with particular emphasis on the different methodologies applied to the two instruments, and give the insider point of view on operations with a large telescope after almost one year of experience.


Hate crimes are crimes that have an unusual bias upon a certain group due to their specific identity. In the American legal system, it has been a long-time controversy surrounding whether a hate crime enhancement is warranted for those classified as such. This paper first seeks to examine the rationality of hate crime enhancements, using established hate crime legislature to analyze its purpose. Then it will apply such a framework to evaluate whether the legislature abides with legal philosophy and constitutional rights through the lens of moral culpability, past landmark cases, and implementation observances. The paper will explain that legal philosophy deems it impossible to assess motive, a key component of hate crimes. It will also challenge the current supreme court and landmark rulings upon hate crime legislature and points out an unconstitutional logical loophole. Flaws of implementation on demographics and due process are also pointed out as limitations. Through the three-prong analysis, although a justification for current hate crime enhancements is present due to the potential physical and mental damages, it is concluded that they are unconstitutional, unwarranted, and must be limited to ensure the justice of the American legal system.


Bintaro (Cerbera odollam Gaertn). Plants belonging to the Apocynaceae family have properties such as antifungal, insecticide, antioxidant and antitumor. Bintaro fruit contains alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins and saponins. Bintaro plants are poisonous because they contain alkaloid group compounds which are toxic. This study aims to obtain data and information regarding the toxicity ratio of bintaro rind and bintaro fruit (Cerbera odollam Gaertn.) to Artemia salina Leach larvae by determining the value of Lethal Concentration 50 (LC50). This type of research was experimental with quantitative methods, using Artemia salina Leach larvae. Each extract was divided into 4 concentration groups. In the ethanol extract of bintaro fruit peel, namely at concentrations of 500, 1000, 1500 and 2500 ppm. Meanwhile, bintaro fruit extract at concentrations of 1000, 1500, 2000 and 2500 ppm, each of which was carried out 3 replications with 10 larvae. Data analysis using probit analysis showed that the ethanol extract of bintaro fruit peel (Cerbera odollam Gaertn.) had LC50 = 701.455 μg/mL which was categorized as toxic. Meanwhile, the ethanol extract of bintaro fruit (Cerbera odollam Gaertn.) has LC50 = 1199.5 μg/mL which is categorized as nontoxic.


The story of JeanGenet's critical reception reinforces the truism that one should bewary of acolytes and their influence on one's legacy. Scholars and fans of queer theory have turned to Genet as a formative figure without vetting the uneven contents of his life and convictions, rushing to premature celebrations that homogenize and idealize Genet into a "pure" queer figure. Kadji Amin inventories these hidden contents in a way that restores logic to the otherwise puzzling arc of Genet's life and itsmanymoral and political transitions. One can make sense of them only by paying attention to histories in the plural: the history of sexuality (especially the changing notions of "acceptable" sexualities), the history of the penal colony, and the history of French imperialism (the delinquent boys of the penal colonies were being groomed to become perfect colonists, as Genet argued). Genet was himself incarcerated at the boys' penal colony ofMettray, in the center-west of France, and ambiguously looked back on this place as a breeding ground for the development of a transgressive yet restricted sexuality. Mettray was a generator of Genet's very particular erotics, because it was a space he cherished even though it lacked the freedom so often associated with sexual liberation. Amin convincingly argues that queer scholars have been prone to a certain amnesia in regardnot only toGenet's history but also,more largely, to the field's own history. This is due in large part to queer studies' future-oriented razing of conventions, but also to a practiced ignorance around geographic and racial difference, factors considered too anchored to an identity politics queer studies aims tomove beyond. Genet, as is well known, delighted in the erotic draw of "abjection and evil" (3), dwelling in his novels and interviews on the homoerotic power of fascism, police violence, and carceral abuse. Yet his passage from admirer to enemy of oppressive power does not make sense unless one acknowledges his own history, and his transition from a phase of sexual revolt against French domestic strictures and domestic moralities to a later phase of eroticized


Samples of the Murchison (C2), Murray (C2) and Orgueil (Cl) carbonaceous meteorites were analyzed for nitrogen-heterocyclic compounds using gas chromatography, cation and anion exclusion liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. The purines adenine, guanine, hypoxanthine and xanthine were identified in formic acid extracts of all samples, in concentrations ranging from 114-655ppb. Purines have not previously been found in the Murray meteorite and adenine, hypoxanthine and xanthine have never simultaneously been detected in meteorite extracts. All four biologically significant purines, as well as the pyrimidine uracil have now been Identified in these meteorites. A number of other, previously reported W-heterocyclic compounds such as certain hydroxypyrimidines and 4-triazines could not be detected in any of the extracts. Laboratory data indicated that both these classes of compounds may be formed from structurally simple precursors (such as guanylurea in the case of ¿-trlazines) during the extraction and analysis of meteorite extracts. We find that the suite of W-heterocyclic compounds identified in meteorites do not, at present, permit a clear distinction to be made between mechanisms of synthesis such as the Fischer-Tropsch type and other candidates. Secondary reactions and conversions in meteorite parent bodies, of HCN and other nitriles produced by Miller-Urey type reactions as well as by Fischer-Tropsch type reactions must also be considered.


Abstract- The problem faced by Akbid Uniska Kendal in value management including the number of students who have to queue up to ask for the resume value of course, because no information of value subjects terbaharuinya become a major problem because when a student is not necessarily asking for a resume value, the value of the course and a cumulative GPA of students has been updated. Limited human resources and counters were opened by the student academic services department cause long queue so it is not efficient and effective use of time, effort, and costs and disrupt academic activities of the students System development method used in this study is composed of a waterfall system startup, system analysis, system design, system implementation, system testing. System design using OOD which consists of a use case diagram, activity diagram, sequence diagram and class diagram. Making programs using PHP and MySQL. The end result of this research is the application has been successfully made the management of student grades Akbid Uniska Kendal that can be used to manage the value of the courses that students can be updated regularly Keywords - Value, Waterfall, Uniska Kendal


Let A be a Weil algebra and V be an A-module with dimR V < 8. Let E ? M be a vector bundle and let TA,VE ? TAM be the vector bundle corresponding to (A,V). We construct canonically a linear semibasic tangent valued p-form TA,Vf : TA,V E ? ?pT*TAM ATAM TTA,VE on TA,VE ? TAM from a linear semibasic tangent valued p-form f : E ? ?pT*M A TE on E ? M. For the Frolicher-Nijenhuis bracket we prove that [[TA,Vf, TA,V?]] = TA,V ([[f,?]]) for any linear semibasic tangent valued p- and q-forms f and ? on E ? M. We apply these results to linear general connections on E ? M.


This article provides an overview of some of the contentious issues concerning the role of film in historical studies of the Middle Ages. Is it appropriate to point out inaccuracies of detail in historical film? As a collective commercial enterprise, is a movie inherently limited in its portrayal of the past, and does this matter? How does film convention affect representation? Can movies err on the side of historical truth? What are the uses of purposeful or intentional anachronism? How have perceptions of movies changed with the advent of the paratext on DVD? How might movies with medieval themes be used effectively in the classroom? Responses to these and related questions are drawn from writings on film from 1915 to the present.


This paper analyses the therapeutic evolution of two children with phonological disorders. The discussion is about the complementariety of the theories on the description and explanation of these therapeutic evolutions, without an ecletic position.


BACKGROUND
Tiludronate is a bisphosphonate drug marketed to treat different bone conditions in horses.

OBJECTIVES
The goal of this study was to measure the plasma concentrations of tiludronate in a population of race and sport horses under field conditions, and using pharmacokinetic population modelling, to estimate detection times for doping control.

STUDY DESIGN
Prospective cohort.

METHODS
This study was conducted under field conditions on 39 race or sport horses diagnosed with bone conditions based on a lameness examination and treated with tiludronate. Each horse received 1 mg/kg of tiludronate (Tildren® ) intravenously (i.v.). Blood samples (from 1 to 4 per horse with a total of 93 samples) were collected around 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 days after tiludronate administration. Tiludronate was quantified by HPLC/ESI-MSn . Tiludronate concentrations were analysed using nonlinear mixed-effects modelling (population approach). Monte Carlo simulations were then used to compute a prediction interval to estimate the corresponding quantile of horses predicted to have concentrations below some potential screening limits.

RESULTS
This study highlighted pharmacokinetic differences between healthy experimental horses and the population of horses being treated in the field as well as the effect of level of training on plasma tiludronate. Different detection times were computed corresponding to different possible screening limits.

MAIN LIMITATIONS
The number of horses in each group was limited, and the specific disease being treated with tiludronate is unknown.

CONCLUSIONS
This population pharmacokinetic study on tiludronate will enable racing and other sports authorities to provide a detection time reflecting field conditions for the medication control of tiludronate. More generally, our study design and the data modelling serve as an example of how to generate detection times directly from the target horse population rather than from experimental horses.


Using a statistical correlation based on an ensemble forecast,observations and the sensitive region of a heavy rainfall that occurred around Beijing on July 23 2009 are analyzed.An ensemble of 30 initial samples is constructed using WRFDA(Weather Research and Forecasting Data Assimilation) and then a 12-h forecast is produced on the basis of the initial samples.To determine the sensitive variables and their regions,the sensitivity of the accumulated precipitation in the verification region(Beijing area) to the basic variables of the initial conditions is studied using the method described above.A preliminary determination indicates that the sensitive variables are the water vapor and temperature,and their respective sensitive regions are southwest and northeast of Beijing.An analysis of the real atmosphere found that the sensitive variables and their sensitive areas have a clear physical meaning.Moreover,data assimilation of an observing system simulation experiment is used to verify the sensitive region.It is shown that assimilating the sensitive variable water vapor in its sensitive region can improve the precipitation forecast accuracy;assimilating the sensitive variable temperature in its sensitive region can also improve the forecast quality,indicating the correctness of the sensitive variables and sensitive areas.Assimilating the sensitive variable water vapor in its sensitive region while assimilating the sensitive variable temperature in its sensitive region can have a greater positive effect on the forecast quality,illustrating that the effects of temperature and water vapor yields the greatest improvement in the rainfall prediction accuracy.Therefore,the method of statistical correlation can effectively identify the sensitive variables and their sensitive regions.This study can help to identify the observed sensitive region of rainfall in the Beijing area.


Investigating the interference found in the essays of a few IALF (Indonesia Australia Language Foundation) students is quite interesting and challenging because it can be found what factors that affect the students in English communication and lead to the interference. The purpose of this study is to analyze the causes of the interference which occurs in the IALF students' essays and the implication of the interference found. The qualitative descriptive analysis strategy model is applied in this small study to get an idea of which aspects of linguistics that experience interference. The findings reveal that there are various aspects of linguistics that experience interference in essays. Among them are the selection of lexicons syntactically, the use of lexicons in semantics, lexicon order, sentence structure, and the use of copula


In order to obtain the accurate dynamic characteristics of spindle-bearing system during the design stage, the spindle-bearing system with finite element model is simulated by virtual software, and a method which springs and damping units imitate bearing support is proposed in this paper. The proposed method can predict the regular pattern which bearing stiffness and bearing span affect natural frequency and harmonic response. The research demonstrates that the method predicts well the dynamic characteristics of the spindle-bearing system; therefore, it can be a reference for dynamic optimization design of spindle-bearing system in turn-milling center.