In this paper, Shandong dandelion tea was selected as the research object. Its water-soluble and fat-soluble components were extracted by alcohol precipitation method and Soxhlet extraction method, respectively. Antibacterial effects were tested on four different types of strains including Staphylococcus aureus (S.A), Salmonella (SE), Escherichia coli (E. coil) and Candida albicans (CA) in vitro by coating and drilling method. Results showed that dandelion tea powder had certain bacteriostatic effect on Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella and Candida albicans. Water-soluble components mainly had bacteriostatic effect on Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella and Escherichia coli, and showed the strongest bacteriostatic effect on Staphylococcus aureus but nearly no bacteriostatic effect on Candida albicans. Fat-soluble components had obvious bacteriostatic effect on Candida albicans, but not on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.


Abstract The ionic exchange (IE) model has been used to predict the influence of positive metal ion complexation upon micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration (MEUF) results. The three different systems studied were sodium dodecyl sulfate-ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA)-Cu(II); SDS-Tartrate ion-Cu(II), and the hydrolysis of the uranyl ion-SDS. In the appropriate experimental conditions, 98% of Cu(II) is recovered in the filtrate with the use of EDTA. The IE model allows for the accurate prediction of Cu(II) release by the addition of tartrate ion as a function of pH. In the case of uranyl ion hydrolysis, the IE model showed that the UO 2 (OH) 2 species is not predominant under the experimental conditions.


This study is to present the typical energy consumption criteria and CO₂ exhaust rate in multi-family housing complex by analyzing the energy consumption characteristics. The contents and methodology of this study are as follows; - Examining the documents of maintenance accounts, investigate the cost and its items expended by the annual maintenance in multi-family housing complex. - Survey each consumption of energy sources, maintenance area, location of multi-family housing complex, heating type, and so forth. - After classifying with heating type of multi-family housing complex investigated, Scrutinize the energy consumption by each source. - Analyze the characteristics of energy consumption and CO₂ exhaust through multiple regression analyses of maintenance property. - Suggest the typical energy consumption criteria (Mcal/㎡ㆍyear, Mcal/houseㆍyear) and CO₂ exhaust rate (㎏-c/㎡ㆍyear, ㎏-c/houseㆍyear) in multi-family housing complex. The results will come into basic data for estimating energy consumption in multi-family housing complex according to maintenance characteristics.


In this paper we consider technological requirements to broadcast digital television signals using single frequency networks(SFN) in the Advanced Television Systems Committee(ATSC) transmission systems and propose Interference Cancellation Digital On Channel Regenerative Repeater(IC-DOCR) thar overcomes the limitation of EDOCR(Equalization Digital On Channel Repeater) proposed by ETRI. The proposed IC-DOCR maintains the benefits of EDOCR that have good output signal quality removing multi-path, additive white Gaussian noise(AWGN). In additional, since the Interference Cancellation algorithm using the 8-VSB symbol demodulation of received signal removes the Interference of feedback signal, IC-DOCR improve the weakness of EDOCR that have low isolation between receive and transmit antenna so that can overcome the limitation of output signal power. we did analysis and verification of the proposed system performance using computational simulation.


Ottoman Warfare, 1560-1700, by Rhoads Murphey. Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1999. xxii + 278 pages. Appends. to p. 193. Notes to p. 212. Bibl. to p. 259. Index to p. 267. $55 cloth; $25 paper. Reviewed by John F. Guilmartin, Jr. The importance of war to the Osmanli state and the importance of Ottoman arms in shaping the course of history are beyond doubt. It is thus unfortunate that military historians have neglected the wars and military institutions of the Ottoman Empire; indeed, Christopher Duffy is alone among practicing military historians in including comprehensive treatment of the Ottomans' wars in his works on positional warfare.1 Ottomanists have moved to fill the gap, and Gabor Agoston, Virginia Aksan, Palmira Brummett, Caroline Finkel, and Halil Inalcik, as well as the author of the work under review, have brought archival research and up-to-date historiography to bear on the Ottoman military and its interactions with society.2 But their work has not gained the recognition it deserves beyond the ranks of specialists in Middle East and Ottoman history and, at the same time, Ottomanists and military historians alike have lacked a general text for reference. Ottoman Warfare, goes far to make good the deficiency. Murphey begins by addressing the political context within which the Sultans waged war, then turns to technological and geographic constraints, to manpower, and to spending, before considering the operational dynamics of Ottoman warfare. Chapters on troop movement and army provisioning are followed by chapters on methods of warfare, on motivational and psychological considerations, and on war's short and long-term effects on Ottoman society. The final, concluding, chapter contains a summary overview and a discussion of the socially transformative effects of war. The organization is bold and original, tying together disparate subjects and kinds of evidence. Murphey's use of quantitative data, much of it laid out in fourteen well-designed tables, is particularly effective, enlightening the reader on such topics as army rates of travel, the changing strengths of the Janissary corps and timariot cavalry, patterns of imperial disbursement to cover the salaries of the kapu kulu army and palace staff, and the surprising success of efforts to contain costs by thinning the ranks of the most highly paid standing sipahi regiments. Nor is Ottoman Warfare a bloodless recitation of statistics: Murphey effectively illustrates the importance of the structural factors he lays out so well with nicely-chosen campaign narratives: the discussion of the 1638 investment of Baghdad is particularly effective in illustrating the human dimension of war from the bottom up. The results are enlightening, often unexpectedly so. Murphey's Ottomans were considerably more pragmatic-and competent-than most survey texts would have us believe, and if this is no surprise to Ottomanists and students of early modern warfare, it is a valuable corrective to others. Ottoman troops went to war and faced deprivation, danger, and death once there for reasons that-albeit often different-were as varied and changeable as those of their Christian enemies. …


Chopped mullite fiber porous skeleton was sintered at 1260℃ by colloidal silica and B4C powders.Then Porous skeleton was loaded with silica-sols prepared by tetraethyloxylane(TEOS),deionized water and ethanol.Silica-aerogels loading chopped mullite fiber porous skeleton was achieved by supercritical drying.Via thermogravimetry(TG),differential thermal analysis(DTA) and energy dispersive spectrometry(EDS),it was revealed that at 700℃~900℃,B4C was oxidized into B2O3 which bound chopped fibers.Furthermore,chopped mullite fiber porous skeleton was chemically stable below 1500℃.Insulation tiles possessed nanoporous structure since silica-aerogels filled microporous pores of chopped mullite fiber skeleton.Thus thermal conductivity of insulation tiles was reduced by 44.3%,33.8%,34.6%,29.5% at 300℃,500℃,800℃ and 1000℃ respectively.Besides,the loading of silica-aerogels improved flexural strength and compressive strength of porous skeleton at 50% and 40%,respectively.


Hepatitis B virus is an important worldwide public health problem especially in areas where the prevalence are high, such as China, Southeast Asia, tropical Africa. In Thailand, the carrier rate is about 5-10% of the total population (Kamolrata nakul et ai, 1985; Poovorawan et ai, 1989). The detection of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is one of the indicators of the hepatitis B infectious stage. The rapid detection of HBsAg in whole blood within minutes is very useful in management of postexposure of vertical transmission prophy laxis. Proper prophylactic intervention can be immediately instituted.


Abstract:Drawing on research with Turkish military wives between 2006-2009, this article aims to address the gendered dynamics of secular subject formation in Turkey beyond the powerful antagonism between political Islam and secularism. Although the distinction is constantly being complicated by the acts and words of women who reside at the peripheries of official discourses even in their embracement of state ideologies, it continues to haunt contemporary debates and scholarship on Turkey and the Middle East. In this article, I focus on the narratives of women who are conjugally and emotionally attached to the Turkish military, an institution that has historically been seen as the founder and guardian of Turkish secularism against religious forces. I take these narratives as secular modes of representation and self-representation reflective of a range of ethical, social, and material dispositions. I argue that while the life-stories of these women reveal secularism's institutional investments in the female body, they also convey a sense of agency and subjectivity enabled by such investments. As such, they highlight the need to apprehend the secular via its sensorial and affective dimensions and not only its political and institutional manifestations as well as the need to recognize the gendered nature of these dimensions.


Objective To explore the effect of coloclysis with Chinese crude drug(CCD)on the colitis mouse induced by dextran sulphate sodium(DDS)and provide the experiment evidence for the clinical use.Methods The colitis mouse model were induced by adding 5% DDS into the drinking water after 13 days.After the coloclysis with CCD for 7 days,the mouse was killed and pathological sections were used to detect the changes of local intestinal mucosa,ELISA was used to detect the cytokine secreted of intestinal mucosa and Western Blot was used to detect the protein of IκBα,NF-κB.Results The DAI scores and histological scores of the model group were significantly higher than the control group,the level of IL-12 and TNF-α,the expression of NF-κB in the local intestinal mucosa of model group increased,the level of IL-10 and the expression of IΚBα decreased(all P0.01).The coloclysis with CCD can relief the clinical symptoms,adjust the cytokine secretion and the expression of IκBα,NF-κB.Conclusion Coloclysis with CCD is much helpful to the colitis mouse induced by DDS.This therapeutic effect maybe act though the expression of IκBα,NF-κB and the adjustment of the cytokine secretion.


Objective To discuss the correlation between hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy(HDCP) and fetal growth restriction(FGR).Methods The clinical data of 131 cases of hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy treated in our hospital from Oct.2007 to Apr.2010 were analyzed.Results Of the 131 cases,32(24.4%) were found with fetal growth restriction.The rate of HDCP combined with FGR detected before 34 weeks of gestational age was 60.0%,significantly higher than that detected after 34 weeks of gestational age(χ2=10.7,P0.01).Conclusion HDCP is one of the risk factors of FGR.Early prevention and control of HDCP can improve the condition of the utero and reduce the incidence of FGR.


This paper explores the aggregate and systematic income risk of formal workers in Argentina, using an extensive longitudinal database that contains information on approximately half a million formal employees in the private sector throughout the country for a span of twenty years (1996-2015). We estimate quantile regression models to measure the sensitivity of remunerations to business cycle along the conditional and unconditional distribution of salaries, thus capturing the asymmetry of economic activity impacts on workers' remunerations. The main result is that income risk decreases along the conditional and unconditional distribution of salaries, showing that individuals located at the lower part of the distribution are more exposed to the fortunes of the aggregate economy. One important factor that probably explains this asymmetry is given by the role of the unions. On the other hand, unconditional poor individuals are not only more affected by business cycle fluctuations, but they suffer a stronger fall in wages when activity declines than the increase that their experiment when business cycle is in its expansion phase. We also detect some interesting specificities, since individuals that work in Construction sector face a higher income risk, while workers' remunerations of large companies are less sensitive to business cycle.


Markowitz's (1952) portfolio theory has permeated financial institutions over the past 50 years. Assuming that returns are normally distributed, Markowitz suggests that portfolio optimization should be performed in a mean-variance framework. With the emergence of hedge funds and their non-normally distributed returns, mean-variance portfolio optimization is no longer adequate. Here, hedge fund returns are modeled with the alpha-stable distribution and a mean-CVaR portfolio optimization is performed. Results indicate that by using the alpha- stable distribution, a more efficient fund of hedge funds portfolio can be created than would be by assuming a normal distribution. To further increase efficiency, the Hurst exponent is considered as a filtering tool and it is found that combining hedge fund strategies within a range of Hurst exponents leads to the creation of more efficient portfolios as characterized by higher risk-adjusted ratios. These findings open the door for the further study of econophysics tools in the analysis of hedge fund returns.


Now-a-days, Energy consumption is the major key factor in Memories. By switching the circuit in off mode and with an lower voltages, leads to decrease in an power dissipation of the circuit. Compared to DRAM SRAM'S are mostly used because of their data retaining capability. The major advantage of using SRAM's rather than DRAM'S is that, they are providing fast power-on/off speeds. Hence SRAM's are more preferred over DRAM's for better instant-on operation. Generally SRAM's are classified in to two types namely volatile and non-volatile SRAM's. A non-volatile SRAM enables chip to achieve performance factors and also provides an restore operation which will be enabled by an restore signal to restore the data and also power-up operation is performed. This paper describes about novel NVSRAM circuit which produces better "instant-on operation" compared to previous techniques used in SRAM's. In addition to normal 6T SRAM core, we are using RRAM circuitry (Resistive RAM) to provide better instant-on operation. By comparing the performance factors with 8T2R and 9T2R, 8T1R design performs the best in the Nano meter scale. Thus this paper provides better performances in power, energy, propagation delay and area factors as compared with other designs.


We are now living in the 21 st century. Now, smart phone has become the most essential thing in our daily life. Android application based smart phones are becoming each time more powerful and equipped with several accessories that are useful for Robots. This project describes how to control a robot using mobile through Bluetooth communication, some features about Bluetooth technology, components of the mobile and robot. We present a review of robots controlled by mobile phone via moving the robot upward, backward, left and right side by the android application such as Arduino, Bluetooth. Bluetooth has changed how people use digital device at home or office, and has transferred traditional wired digital devices into wireless devices. Here we are using Bluetooth communication, interface microcontroller and android application. We are using Arduino software to interface the Bluetooth module with microcontroller. According to commands received from android the robot motion can be controlled. We derived simple solutions to provide a framework for building robots with very low cost but with high computation and sensing capabilities provided by the smart phone that is used as a control device.


24 25 We developed a new approach for mapping landslide hazard by combining probabilities of 26 landslide impact derived from a data-driven statistical approach and process-baseda physically27 based model of shallow landsliding. Our statistical approach integrates the influence of seven site 28 attributes on observed landslides using a frequency ratio method. Influential attributes and 29 resulting susceptibility maps depend on the observations of landslides considered: all types of 30 landslides, debris avalanches only, or source areas of debris avalanches. These observational 31 datasets reflect the capture detection of different landslide processes or components, which relate 32 to different landslide-inducing factors. For each landslide dataset, a Stability Index (SI) is 33 calculated as a multiplicative result of the frequency ratios for all attributes and is mapped across 34 our study domain in the North Cascades National Park Complex, Washington, U.S.A. A 35


The present invention relates to a fault monitoring method of the exhaust valves (16) of the condensate discharge device for a pressurized gas system (1), the condensate discharge device (1) is operable by the control circuit (15), and, includes a discharge valve (16) including a movable valve element (19) between a closed position and an open position, whereby, in the open position of the outlet valve element (19), is the outlet valve (16), the condensate is under pressure, is discharged from the pressurized gas system via the discharge region (18) of which the is arranged downstream of the valve element (19), the condensate discharge device, the outlet valve element ( in the closed position of 19), maintaining the pressure in the pressurized gas system, the method comprising the following steps: actuating the closing movement of the valve element (19) said control circuit (15) in the direction of the closed position That the closure step, and / or opening step the control circuit (15) for actuating the opening movement of the valve element in the direction of the open position (19); in each of the following steps, closing of the valve element (19) steps for monitoring the position or open position. Feature of the process of the present invention, when the step for monitoring the closed position, the non-closed position, a pressurized gas, condensate or the discharge area (18) or the valve element by the discharge flow of a mixture thereof, or it is detected in (19), or when the step for monitoring the open position, the pressurized gas, the discharge flow of the condensate, or a mixture thereof, the discharge area (18) or the valve element ( It is to be detected in 19). .FIELD 1


A new type of elastic energy storage system is proposed in this paper, realizing the automatic control of energy storage and the energy release by the co-operation of the related automatic control system. This design, with a large storage and high reuse ratio, adopts the multistage clockworks repeated storage, against the disadvantage of the traditional chemical battery.The concept of a new type of energy storage energy bullets introduced for the first time, in which the energy bullets and matrix can be separated by some relevant braking control system. Such energy bullets can solve the problem of large energy's storage and transport in a elastic energy storage, laying a foundation for grid-connected stability of the micro-grid.


The curing temperature of the actual construction site, which has a greater impact on the concrete strength, often fails to meet the standard requirements. This paper studies the effect of curing temperature on concrete compressive strength from the perspective of maturity by designing four curing conditions including standard curing, high temperature curing in summer, low temperature curing in winter, and natural curing, using the artificial climate simulation room. The result shows that the relationship between compressive strength and maturity of concrete under the standard curing condition is basically in accordance with the hyperbolic model, which can be used to predict the compressive strength at different ages; however, when the curing temperature and the standard curing temperature are quite different, the hyperbolic model is no longer applicable; at this point, direct prediction of concrete compressive strength using maturity will lead to significant errors. Therefore, it is necessary to further establish a theoretical model of maturity that takes into consideration the effect of temperature in order to predict the compressive strength of concrete more accurately.


Alzheimer's disease (AD) is neuropathologically characterized by depositions of extracellular amyloid and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles, associated with loss of neurons in the brain. Amyloid β‐peptide (Aβ) is the major component of senile plaques and is considered to have a causal role in the development and progress of AD. Several lines of evidence suggest that enhanced oxidative stress and inflammation play important roles in the pathogenesis or progression of AD. The present study aimed to investigate the protective effects of ethyl‐4‐hydroxy‐3‐methoxycinnamic acid (FAEE), a phenolic compound which shows antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory activity, on Aβ(1–42)‐induced oxidative stress and neurotoxicity. We hypothesized that the structure of FAEE would facilitate radical scavenging and may induce protective proteins. Aβ(1–42) decreases cell viability, which was correlated with increased free radical formation, protein oxidation (protein carbonyl, 3‐nitrotyrosine), lipid peroxidation (4‐hydroxy‐2‐trans‐nonenal) and inducible nitric oxide synthase. Pre‐treatment of primary hippocampal cultures with FAEE significantly attenuated Aβ(1–42)‐induced cytotoxicity, intracellular reactive oxygen species accumulation, protein oxidation, lipid peroxidation and induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase. Treatment of neurons with Aβ(1–42) increases levels of heme oxygenase‐1 and heat shock protein 72. Consistent with a cellular stress response to the Aβ(1–42)‐induced oxidative stress, FAEE treatment increases the levels of heme oxygenase‐1 and heat shock protein 72, which may be regulated by oxidative stresses in a coordinated manner and play a pivotal role in the cytoprotection of neuronal cells against Aβ(1–42)‐induced toxicity. These results suggest that FAEE exerts protective effects against Aβ(1–42) toxicity by modulating oxidative stress directly and by inducing protective genes. These findings suggest that FAEE could potentially be of importance for the treatment of AD and other oxidative stress‐related diseases.


Aim To set up the cervical disc rat model with unbalance of dynamic and static forces for observing and discussing the expression and significance of TNF-α,IL-1β in the cervical disc regression,moreover,for discussing the mechanism of the cervical disc regression in order to provide experimental evidence for the clinical treatment of cervical spondylosis.Methods Forty SD rats were randomly divided into 2 groups,20 for the animal model group with cervical spondylosis,and 20 for the comparison group with sham-operation.The model group should be cut off 1.5 cm superficial and deep layer neck muscle and cut off the supraspinatus and interspinal ligamentum for setting up the cervical disc rat model with unbalance of dynamic and static forces.The difference of expressing of TNF-α,IL-1β were compared between model group and normal comparison group with immunohistochemistry and analyzed.Results Compared with the sham-operation group,there was obvious regression change of intervertebral histomphology in the model group.The expression with immunohistochemistry of TNF-a and IL-1β in the model group was obviously higher than that in the normal group.There were statistical significances(P0.01).Conclusion Compared to sham-operated control group,model group rats cervical disc have typical degeneration morphology change,high expression of cytokine TNF-α and IL-1β in cervical disc may depend to cervical disc degeneration.


Until about the contact times in the middle of the 6 th century, there were no friendly interchanges between Koguryeo and Shilla for approximately 100 years, and their relationship was mostly hostile. Not only that, but at 551 which is thought to be right before the contact times, Shilla and Baekje joined hands with each other and took away the territory of Koguryeo near the Han river. Right after that, Shilla and Koguryeo allied with each other. But at this time, Inasa and Mado, who were at Alla, took the risk of having trouble with Baekje and stuck to Shilla. Under the pressure of Baekje, they were also trying to have liaison with Koguryeo. Koguryeo, with problems in and out of borders, could not actively react to the attack of Baekje and the Shilla-Gaya forces. At that time, breaking the relationship of Shilla and Baekjae must have been the most effective solution that Koguryeo could come up with. Since Inasa and Mado not only stayed at Alla but also had very accurate information from the constant connection with Shilla. Also, it is thought that the effort of them to get away from the threats of Baekje and change the situation made the liaison of Koguryeo and Shilla possible.


and never was, the only way to make A liable in tort for representations made by B. A principal who gives his agent authority to speak on his behalf (or who holds him out as having such authority) is liable for representations made by the agent—not vicariously (the agent is like as not an independent contractor for whose acts there can be no vicarious liability) but under normal agency principles; see, e.g., Colonial, etc., Life Assnce v. Producers, etc. Co-op Assnce (1931) 46 C.L.R. 41. Now, if it is sought to make A liable for B's actions as principal, and not as employer, then clearly B's lack of authority from A to make the statement concerned will be fatal to the attempt. But it is suggested the mistake apparent in Kooragang's case was to take this rule, which is only applicable to agency cases, and apply it, not to a case of agency, but of vicarious liability— where, as has been argued, it is inappropriate. In short the decision of the Privy Council involves a failure to make the vital but subtle distinction between qui facit per alium facit per se on the one hand, and on the other, respondeat superior.


In this paper a face recognition algorithm based on multiscale wavelet representations and model adaptation is proposed. The models used in this work are from linear associative memory method and fast compensated in simulated testing phase by adoptively learning from the given simulated testing data. The proposed adaptation algorithm is incremental. It has low time and space complexity. Through compensating models with simulated testing data, this method can efficiently reduce the mismatch between training and testing data, substantially improving the performance of classifier. The new recognition method was tested using two widely used face datasets, including MIT-CBCL face database and Olivetti Research Laboratory (ORL) face database. Results indicate that our algorithm is effective. And duo to the computational simplicity, our algorithm is also efficient.


Gotlib, Hammen, Introduction. I.Descriptive Aspects of Depression. Kessler, Epidemiology of Depression. Boland, Keller, Course and Outcome of Depression. A.M. Nezu, C.M. Nezu, K.S. McClure, Zwick, Assessment of Depression. Ingram, Siegle, Contemporary Methodological Issues in the Study of Depression: Not Your Father's Oldsmobile. Klein, Durbin, Shankman, Santiago, Depression and Personality. Johnson, Kizer, Bipolar and Unipolar Depression: A Comparison of Clinical Phenomenology and Psychosocial Predictors. II.Vulnerability, Risk, and Models of Depression. Wallace, Schneider, McGuffin, Genetics of Depression. Thase, Jindal, Howland, Biological Aspects of Depression. Davidson, Pizzagalli, Nitschke, The Representation and Regulation of Emotion in Depression: Perspectives from Affective Neuroscience. Goodman, Depression and Early Adverse Experiences. Abramson, Alloy, Hankin, Haeffel, MacCoon, Gibb, Cognitive Vulnerability - Stress Models of Depression in a Self-Regulatory and Psychobiological Context. Joiner, Depression in Its Interpersonal Context. Monroe, Hadjiyannakis, The Social Environment and Depression: Focusing on Severe Life Stress. III. Prevention and Treatment of Depression. Munoz, Le, Clarke, Jaycox, Preventing the Onset of Major Depression. Gitlin, Pharmacological Treatment of Depression. Hollon, Haman, Brown, Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment of Depression. Weissman, Markowitz, Interpersonal Psychotherapy for Depression. Beach, Jones, Marital and Family Therapy for Depression in Adults. Kaslow, E.B. McClure, Connell, Treatment of Depression in Children and Adolescents. IV.Depression in Specific Populations. Tsai, Chentsova-Dutton, Understanding Depression Across Cultures. Nolen-Hoeksema, Gender Differences in Depression. Lewinsohn, Essau, Depression in Adolescents. Powers, Thompson, Gallagher-Thompson, Futterman, Depression in Later Life: Epidemiology, Assessment, Impact, and Treatment. Stolberg, Clark, Bongar, Epidemiology, Assessment and Management of Suicide in Depressed Patients. Hammen, Gotlib, Closing Comments and Promising Directions for the Next Decade.


The goal of Web page categorization is to classify Web documents into a certain number of predefined categories. Previous works in this area employed a large number of labeled training documents for supervised learning. The problem is that, it is difficult to create labeled training documents. Though it is not so easy to manually categorize unlabeled documents for creating training data, it is easy to collect unlabeled ones. Therefore, a new machine learning algorithm is investigated to overcome these difficulties and effectively utilize unlabeled documents. We propose a novel approach called Iterative Cross-Training (ICT). In this paper, we applied the algorithm to Web page categorization on three data sets. The performance of ICT was evaluated and analyzed with the supervised learning algorithms, Co-Training and Expectation Maximization. We found that ICT is considered to be an effective approach for the Web page categorization task.


A simple model is presented to explain Higgs boson physics to the grand public. The model consists of a children's ball pool representing a Universe filled with a certain amount of the Higgs field. The model is suitable for usage as a hands-on tool in scientific exhibits and provides a clear explanation of almost all the aspects of the physics of the Higgs field interaction with other particles.


The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of caffeine and fasting on plasma FFA, glycerol, and glucose levels during aerobic exercise. Six male and six female recreational joggers (19-33 years old) ran on a treadmill for 30 minutes at a speed of 60 percent of their maximum oxygen uptake. Each subject participated under four different conditions: following caffeine ingestion in the fasted state (morning) (CM), following caffeine ingestion in the non-fasted state (afternoon) (CA), without caffeine ingestion in the fasted state (NCM) , and without caffeine ingestion in the nonfasted state (NCA). In the caffeine trials, 45 minutes before exercise, four milligrams per kilogram body weight of caffeine was ingested in an artificially sweetened lemonade drink . The fasted state trials took place in the morning after a 12 hour overnight fast. The non-fasted state trials took place in the afternoon, three to four hours after consumption of the subjects regular noon meal. Blood samples were collected from an antecubital vein at 15 minute intervals for the no caffeine trials (before, at the midpoint, and directly after exercise). For the caffeine trials, blood samples were collected before caffeine ingestion, plus the same 15 minute intervals during exercise as in the no caffeine trials. The data was analyzed utilizing a repeated measures ANOVA design. There were no significant differences in FFA, glycerol, or glucose levels as a result of ingesting the caffeine. At the start of exercise FFA, glycerol, and glucose concentrations were the same for all treatments. The 30 minutes of running caused a significant increase in FFA and glycerol levels under all treatment conditions. Glucose levels remained the same during the exercise, except for in the CM condition, which had a slight elevation (from 77.6 + 7-5 to 90 o 8 + 10 o 9 mg/100 ml). There was no caffeine or fasting effect on serum FFA or glucose. At each sampling interval, there was no significant difference between any of the four treatment conditions. There was a significant fasting effect upon the glycerol levels during exercise " At the completion of the run, glycerol levels were significantly higher in the fasted conditions (2.76 + 1.01 and 2.51 + 0.41 mg/100 ml for the CM and NCM conditions, respectively, as compared to 1.92 + 0.73 and 1.84+ 0.73 mg/100 ml in the CA and NCA conditions, respectively) . Glycerol levels during the runs were unaffected "by prior caffeine ingestion. The changes in serum glycerol levels indicates that fat mobilization was greater in the fasted conditions. Caffeine ingestion did not appear to cause any enhancement in the release of fat from the adipose tissue before or during the exercise.


: Traffic surveillance is a system used to observe the traffic congestion of a specific area. The surveillance system involves detection of moving vehicles, counting the number of vehicles and the classification of the detected vehicles. Recognition of the moving vehicles is the initial step which can be carried out either in each and every frame based on background modeling with discrete cosine transform (DCT). The proposed method is an efficient approach for vehicle segmentation based on texture analysis, a 2D discrete cosine transform (DCT) which is utilized to extract texture features in each image block. By this method the foreground object is detected by eliminating the background, vehicles are recognized based on their size and highlighted by drawing a bounding box around them. The actual count of the vehicles is estimated by counting the number of bounding box present in the video. Further the detected vehicles present in the video can be classified into car, bike, truck etc. based on the SVM classifiers. Support vector machine (SVM) are supervised learning tools which is applied for data classification and regression, It maps the training samples that are the points in features space into different categories which are clearly separated with the widest gap in between them. The proposed system can be used to conduct a survey and allow the users to monitor the condition of traffic flow by counting the number of vehicles passing through a specific location. proposed method, counting the vehicles is done by counting the number of bounding box present in the video frames respectively. The total count of vehicles in the frame is displayed at the left-top corner dynamically.


Robust execution of robotic tasks is a difficult learning problem. Whereas correctly functioning sensors' statements are consistent, partially corrupted or otherwise incomplete measurements will lead to inconsistencies within the robot's learning model of the environment. So, methods of prediction (classification) of robot failure detection with erroneous or incomplete data deserve more attention. A probabilistic approach for the classification of incomplete data (which has three versions) is developed and evaluated using five robot execution failures datasets. We show that by improving the estimation of probabilities, our approach offers considerable computational savings and outperforms the other methods.


In the maker movement, information and sharing - primary library territory - are under scrutiny. During this session, (part of the CultuurConnect "Inspiratiedag : Focus op Makerspaces")…


New elemental abundance determinations from the solar photosphere have spoiled the extremely good agreement of helioseismological data and solar models. One of the fundamental assumptions of stellar evolution, namely the homogeneous distribution of metals in stars, in on the bench. Probably the only way to probe the metal abundance in the Interior of the Sun is the observation of CNO neutrinos. The current status and future potential of solar neutrino experiments to do so is discussed.


Carefully study the text below and attempt the exercises at t he end. You will be evaluated on this material by writing a 30 to 45 minute test (which may be part of a larger class test). This test will be worth 10% of your class mark and may include questions drawn from the exercises at the end. This activity will contribute to your attainment of the Scie nce Program competency: To put in context the emergence and development of scientific concepts.


The construction of specialty plays an important role in the character,image and the development of any higher vocational institutions.The article focuses on the major problems of the marketing specialty construction in the process of its transform from general higher education and adult higher education to higher vocational education,such as,ways to define the position,to build the characteristics and to conduct the specialty,etc.


We introduce, in this article, a partial order on quasi-morphic rings and investigate the behavior of regular elements in such rings. Further, the cleanness of regular elements in quasi-morphic rings having internal-cancelltion has been derived.


Abstract The potassium hexaniobate was synthesized by reacting, in stoichiometric proportions, Nb2O5 and K2CO3 at 1100°C and modified with octadecylamine from an acid-base reaction. Through X-ray diffraction, an interlayer space of 4.27 nm was observed in comparison with 0.79 nm of unmodified oxide; this was also shown by SEM microscopy. The hybrid nanofiller previously obtained was incorporated into LLDPE by melt intercalation (0 up to 10 wt.%) using a twin screw extruder and LLDPE-g-MAH as compatibilizer. From TGA results, all nanocomposites (LLDPE/LLDPE-g-MAH/lamellar oxide) have increased the onset degradation temperature, while the oxide lost during processing for LLDPE/LLDPE-g-MAH/lamellar oxide nanocomposites was higher for the highest content in comparison with LLDPE matrix. According to the Eyring equation, the activation volume of the samples could be calculated using the relationship between the yield strength and strain rate from tensile stress-strain curves. The activation volume decreased with increase of nanofiller concentration, suggesting a good adhesion between the layered oxide and the polymeric matrix for high concentration. This can be attributed to the restricted segmental motion near the nanofiller/polymeric interface, while a poor interaction between them was observed for low concentration. However, the Young's modulus showed a 50% improvement for low nanofiller concentration, especially in the case of 1 wt.% of nanofiller, which was also confirmed by modulus and toughness balance. Considering all the results, it has been revealed that the proton exchanged layered niobate can improve the thermal and mechanical properties of LLDPE/LLDPE-g-MAH/lamellar oxide nanocomposites.


Globalization is a process of interaction and integration among the people, companies and governments of different countries and regions. It is a process that was initially thought would be based solely or exclusively commercial and business sector as well as investment in the international arena, which has the support of information technology. This process has effects on the environment, culture, political systems, development and economic prosperity, as well as on the welfare of human beings that make societies around the world. Policies and technological development of the last decades have resulted in such a large increase in trade, investment and cross-border migration, which many observers believe that the world has entered a new phase, in qualitative terms; they're both economic and social development and culture. Technology has been the catalyst that has propelled other globalization. The progresses made especially in the field of information technology have dramatically transformed economic activity. Information technologies have offered all sorts of individual economic actors-consumers, investors and businesses-valuable new tools to identify and realize economic opportunities, including faster and better documented analysis on trends worldwide, a transfer easier to goods and services and collaboration people from different cultures. In the same context we can say that we live in a globalized world in which the internationalization of the education sector refers to a comprehensive institutional transformation process that aims to integrate international and intercultural dimension in the mission and the substantive functions of higher education institutions. In regard to the mobility of students, this involves the idea that instead of studying outside their home institution. However refers more to cooperation between institutions is established as a basic and essential to achieve the internationalization of education.


Abstract.Purpose: Topic modeling is a practical algorithm for identifying topics in text data. This study aims to find issues of WhatsApp user reviews using Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) and describe the characteristics of each case.Method: We used 1710 WhatsApp user reviews written 7-13 August 2020 on Google Play. This research was conducted with a qualitative method consisting of five stages: problem identification, data retrieval, preprocessing, modeling, and analysis. The modeling stage consists of making a Document-Term Matrix (DTM), determining the number of iterations and topics, and building a model. We use perplexity as to the indicator in determining the number of iterations and topics. A lower perplexity value indicates a better model performance. The analysis phase includes observations on the top terms and documents to label and describe the characteristics of each topic. Result: Topic modeling produces word-topic and document-topic assignments. The word-topic assignment contains words with high probability (top terms). Document-topic assignment reveals documents that have a high probability (top documents). The topics most frequently discussed were voice and video calls with 104 reviews, 86 reviews of call quality, photo and video quality with 100 reviews, and voice messages with 75 reviews. Novelty: In this research, a topic model has been generated for a user review of the WhatsApp application using Latent Dirichlet Allocation. The number of iterations in the modeling was determined based on the observation of the perplexity value, instead of randomly assigning iterations.


Redefining Success. Today, conversations are happening in states that explore how to build education systems that prepare young people for success in postsecondary education, the workforce, and civil society. A new definition of success is crucial to drive system improvements that are built around students' needs — including instructional shifts, systems of assessments, expanded pathways and better learning environments connected to communities and to the real world.


The gender gap between man and women participation in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) is regrettably universal, and generally unacceptably broad. In addition, this gap is particularly noticeable in the Electrical Engineering and Computer Engineering (EECS) careers. Several international organizations and universities in North America, Europe and Latin America have designed programs to address this important problem, showing varying degrees of success. In many of these programs the idea is to work with high school girls, seeking to bring them key knowledge of the disciplines of STEM and encourage them to choose careers in the area. Among other activities, these programs offer presentations, talks, or short courses in a given period at the university itself, taught by women teachers in the area applying the role model approach. This article presents the experience of the Facultad de Ingenier ??a (School of
Engineering) of the Universidad de la Rep ?ublica, Uruguay, on the occasion of the Girls in Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) day. In particular, workshops for robotics, circuits and maps making were held for high school girls as a way to promote ICT careers in Uruguay.


An autonomous CTD (conductivity-temperature-depth) Argo float was deployed in the deepest Weber Basin of Banda Sea to investigate seasonal changes of the upper-layer seawater properties from the first year of CTD time-series data between August 2017 and July 2018. It is found that the float trajectory formed distinct elliptical-shapes, exhibiting a new picture of deep clockwise circulation of the float parking depth at 1000 m. On seasonal scale, large fluctuation of properties, mixed-layer depth, and thermocline thickness, were associated with seasonal alternating Ekman upwelling and downwelling dynamics. Upwelling "colder" event (July-September) was characterized by outcrops of 27°C isotherm, 34 psu isohaline and 22 kg/m3 isopycnal at sea surface and large lateral variation of salinity in the upper 50 m. In contrast, these properties lines deepen down to about 100 m depth during downwelling "warmer" event (December-February). Amplitude of seasonal temperature change in the upper-layer was about 3°C. The very fresh water episode in the upper-layer was found during the monsoon break in April.


In this paper, we present the theory of reduced biquaternion algebra to represent color images and to develop efficient vector processing methods. We apply this theory to the field of face recognition in a principal component analysis (PCA) framework. We develop a novel PCA method based on reduced biquaternion to make full use of the face color cues. Moreover, we derive new mathematical results on the computation of the eigenvalues/eigenvectors of the data scatter matrix. We also extend this method to two-dimensional color PCA to combine the face spatial and color information. Experiments on several public-domain color face benchmark datasets demonstrate the higher performance of the proposed methods compared to regular PCA and like methods.


Abstract The present study investigated the relationship between explanatory style and the appraisal and coping of 66 major college football players with respect to stressful but controllable events in the academic and the athletic domains. A path analysis showed that for controllable events, a "pessimistic" explanatory style-in which bad events are attributed to internal, stable, and global causes-predicted appraisals of adequate resources to cope with demands, which in turn predicted increased attempts to cope.


Distributional shifts in photometry and texture have been extensively studied for unsupervised domain adaptation, but their counterparts in optical distortion have been largely neglected. In this work, we tackle the task of unsupervised domain adaptation for semantic image segmentation where unknown optical distortion exists between source and target images. To this end, we propose a d istortion-a ware d omain a daptation (DaDA) framework that boosts the unsupervised segmentation performance. We first present a r elative d istortion l earning (RDL) approach that is capable of modeling domain shifts in fine-grained geometric deformation based on diffeomorphic transformation. Then, we demonstrate that applying additional global affine transformations to the diffeomorphically transformed source images can further improve the segmentation adaptation. Besides, we find that our distortion-aware adaptation method helps to enhance self-supervised learning by providing higher-quality initial models and pseudo labels. To evaluate, we propose new distortion adaptation benchmarks, where rectilinear source images and fisheye target images are used for unsupervised domain adaptation. Extensive experimental results highlight the effectiveness of our approach over state-of-the-art methods under unknown relative distortion across domains. Datasets and more information are available at https://sait-fdd.github.io/ .


Background: The study of physiology is an essential part of the medical school curriculum. Medical teachers have identified the preference for a specific mode of content delivery to communicate knowledge to students in a rational, strategic, coherent, and sequential manner. In comparison to the focus on systems-based didactic lectures, more emphasis is now put on the developing critical thinking skills. Physiology is widely acknowledged as a difficult subject for medical students to grasp, incorporate, and apply in clinical sciences. Aim: To learn about students' perceptions of teaching, learning, and assessment approaches used in the physiology. Method A quantitative cross-sectional survey was conducted online on 533 medical students from first to final year and also post grate students. After the approval of Ethical review committee, a questionnaire to determine the various aspects of Physiology as a subject being taught. The survey was conducted online via "Google forms''. Participants answered anonymously with informed consent, and the survey was conducted for a period of two months. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 23. Results: A total number of 533 students participated in this research and responding to Physiology learning and teaching. When students were asked about that which subject is most interesting in first Year MBBS, majority of the students that is 46.2% of the responses claimed that Physiology is the most interesting subject. 33.6% students were from 1st Year. 9.2% students were Postgraduates. 63.4% of the students preferred studying physiology from Guyton and Hall as reference book for Physiology. Majority of students that is 25.5% of the students found Blood Physiology to be the most interesting. Whereas 19.8% found Heart or Cardio Vascular System Physiology as the most interesting subject.15.6% found cell and nerve muscle as an interesting topic in Physiology.9.6% found Endocrinology and reproduction physiology as interesting as compared to 7.7% who found central Nervous system Physiology interesting. 43.9% of the students responded that they perfeer face to face interactive lectures.23.3% of the students perfered small group discussion.10.9% students prefered learing by tutorilas.Interestingly, 20.4% of the participants replied that they would definitely pursue physiology as their career. Conclusion: Physiology is the most interesting subject preferred by majority of students. Keywords: Perception, learning methodologies, medical students


Characteristics of the frequency-locked states generated by nonlinear dynamical behaviors of semiconductor lasers under periodical optical injection are investigated experimentally. The periodic optical waveforms used for injection, including repetitive pulses and sine oscillations, are generated from a laser (master laser) through self optoelectronic feedback and direct current modulation, respectively. Under proper operational conditions, namely the repetition frequency and injection strength of the injected light, microwave frequency combs are observed at the output of the injected laser (slave laser). In generating the microwave frequency combs, the pulse injection scheme shows the best performance compared to the sine modulation and cw optical injection schemes. The potential applications of these microwave frequency combs in frequency division and multiplexing are demonstrated.


The black wattle (Acaccia decurrens var. Mollisima) grows quickly, and if we can make a pulp from it, it is hopeful as a pulp wood.We cooked it by the acid sulphite, the sulphate and the neutral sulphite semichemical process, then the general pulp test was done.Its results are followed.1) The black wattle was cooked easily by all processes and the yield was high. And the output of the pulp for a unit volume of raw wood is very high, as its volume weight is large (specific gravity of moisture-free wood is 0.57) 2) On these pulps, chemical composition was determined. From this result, we found that the pentosan content of these pulps, especialy the sulphate pulp, was high and the sulphate pulp contained it more than 20%.3) The average fiber length of black wattle is very short (0.63mm). But the content of the non-fibrous materials, parenchyma and vessel, of these pulps was under 40%.4) The strength of sulphate pulp was higher than others.Generally the tearing strength of these pulps was low. Except for the tearing strength, the strength of the sulphite pulp, not to mention the sulphate pulp and the neutral sulphite semi-chemical pulp, was practically same as it of the soft wood sulphite pulp.It is the conclution that the black wattle is the hopeful pulp wood as it grows quickly and the bark is excellent raw material for tannin (this bark is peeled easily).


Osteosarcoma (OS) is the main malignant primary bone tumor in children and adolescents for whom the prognosis remains poor, especially when metastases are present at diagnosis. Because a) gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) of expression data from a cohort of OS patients reveals a Hippo conserved signature in OS and b) proximity ligation (PLA) and immunoprecipitation (IP) assays have shown an interaction between YAP and TEAD, the main effector of Hippo signaling pathway, in OS cell lines, we investigated its implication in OS development. To elucidate the role of TEAD in YAP-driven OS development, we probed the consequences of YAP activation using overexpression of YAPS127A (constitutively active YAP) and YAPS94A (TEAD-binding deficient YAP protein). Firstly, in vivo and in vitro experiments demonstrate a) the crucial role of TEAD in YAP-driven cell proliferation and in vivo tumor growth and b) a correlation between the expression of TEAD1 and the survival outcomes of OS patients. In this context RNAseq analysis and GSEA identified more than 300 genes related to cell proliferation that are significantly overexpressed in YAPS127A cells compared to control cells and YAPS94A cells. Secondly, we study the effects of YAP/TEAD interactions on the main biologic functions' links to metastasis dissemination. We show an increase of cell migration using KHOS-S94A and KHOS-S127A, suggesting that YAP/TEAD interaction is not necessary to increase migration in OS. GSEA identifies genes related to epithelial-mesenchymal-transition (EMT), cell migration and TGF-β that are significantly overexpressed in YAPS127A and YAPS94A cells, strongly suggesting that TEAD is not required in YAP-driven expression of genes related to EMT, cell migration, and TGF-β signaling. Thirdly, using PLA and IP, we show an interaction of YAP/SMAD3 in OS cell line independently of YAP/TEAD interaction. In this context, using Tβ²R1 inhibitor, SD-208, we demonstrate the role of TGF-β/smad signaling in YAP-driven cell migration and metastatic process in OS. Finally, we investigated the effect of verteporfin, identified as an inhibitor of the Hippo signaling pathway, on OS progression. In vivo experiments showed that verteporfin reduces primary tumor growth and lung metastases development. In vitro experiments demonstrated that verteporfin decreases cell viability and inhibits the TGF-β/Smad3 cascade and the response of TGF-β key targets involved in the metastasis dissemination process. Together, these results defined the specific role of TEAD and SMAD3 in YAP-driven OS tumor and lung metastatic process. In addition, we demonstrated that YAP could be considered as a therapeutic target in OS. Citation Format: Sarah Morice, Geoffroy Danieau, Mathilde Mullard, Jerome Amiaud, Regis Brion, Sarah Renault, Robel Tesfaye, Maryne Dupuy, Julie Talbot, Benjamin Ory, Benedicte Brounais-Le Royer, Isabelle Corre, Anne Brouchet-Gomez, Francoise Redini, Franck Verrecchia. Respective role of TEAD and Smad signaling in YAP-mediated osteosarcoma tumor growth and lung metastatic development [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on the Advances in Pediatric Cancer Research; 2019 Sep 17-20; Montreal, QC, Canada. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(14 Suppl):Abstract nr A29.


The line simplification problem is an old and well-studied problem in car tography. Although there are several efficient algorithms to compute a simpli fication within a specified error bound, there seem to be no algorithms that perform line simplification in the context of other geographical objects. Given a polygonal line and a set of extra points, we present a nearly quadratic time algorithm for line simplification that guarantees (i) a maximum error e, (ii) that the extra points remain on the same side of the output chain as of the original chain, and (iii) that the output chain has no self-intersections. The algorithm is applied as the main subroutine for subdivision simplification.


Although many new states in Africa have experienced in varying degrees the problem of integrating minorities and/or subnational groups, the history of the struggle between the Muslim north and the non-Muslim Sudanese in the three southern provinces is considerably more complex and significantly different from that of many new nations in Africa. Several observers have rightly mentioned the sociocultural differences between the north and south as the major factor for the long civil war between the Sudanese national army and southern rebel group called Anya Nya (or poisonous insect). Very often, there is an implied regional homogeneity. Very little is therefore said about the complex physiographic and cultural heterogeneity within each of the two major regions. While Arabs and Arabized Sudanese form the predominant


Aim: To determine the most common cause of lower limb amputation in a rural setting in South Africa.Methods: The study was set in the four district hospitals and one regional hospital in a rural health district in northern Kwa-Zulu Natal. A mixed methods approach was used to collect data, and the specific type of design that was applied in this study was a concurrent convergent design. Data was collected in three stages independently of one another (two quantitative and one qualitative stage), and the findings was triangulated in order to come to a conclusion. Stage one was a quantitative retrospective document analysis, stage two utilised a longitudinal prospective descriptive design and stage three consisted of semi-structured interviews with surgeons and amputees. Results: An average of 20 lower limb amputations were performed on a monthly basis in the regional hospital, and 71% of the people who lost their lower limbs were also diabetic. Of the diabetic population who lost lower limbs, 81% were also diagnosed with hypertension. Discussion/Conclusion: A relatively large number of lower limb amputations per month are performed at this rural regional hospital on a relatively young population. Contrary to what is reported in the literature relating to the common causes of lower limb amputation in a rural setting in developing countries, diabetes mellitus was identified as the leading cause of lower limb loss. This information can assist to inform health promotion and diabetes and amputation prevention strategies in rural settings.


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Aimed to the character of high speed of bullet, combined with the principle of linear CCD camera, the software for data acquisition and processing is developed in this article based on the computer programming techniques and image processing techniques. It is introduced integrated design scheme and realization of software for measurement of bullet attitude in Windows by VC++ and MATLAB, which solves the problem that bullet attitude is not measured at real-time. Application of experiment for measuring bullet attitude, this system can accomplish the task of measuring bullet's angle of attack and velocity parameters at real-time.


Liver lesions of Hodgkin's lymphoma and other lymphoma types usually appear as hypoechoic lesions in grayscale abdominal ultrasound. Here we describe the unusual case of hyperechoic liver nodules caused by Hodgkin's lymphoma.


Abstract Newly available digital resources from the British census identify employers and their workforce size. However, there was a non-response rate of about 2.3% for smaller firms, rising to over 10% for firms over about 300 employees, and higher for the largest manufacturing firms. Non-responses are largely random except for different forms of business organization: significantly higher for corporates, and lower for unincorporated enterprises, but with no significant differences between partnerships and sole proprietors. Proprietor age is also significant. Non-response derives from defective census design and administration. Transcription truncations are also evaluated, which are higher for the largest firms, and vary by sector and position in the response string. Guidance to researchers on weighting and robust estimation strategies are presented for dealing with these limitations.


A method for a personal care appliance comprising a rear wall and having a baffle with a reverse fluid dispensing device in fluid administration cartridge, the fluid applicator having a resilient front flap. Baffle defining at least one outlet port. Part of the rear wall of the front flap of resilient contacts in the first position and in a second position with the portion spaced apart.


The article describes the experience of MGIMO-University in organizing educational activities with a stress on axiological aspect. The authors analyze the trends in developing civic and social competences of students in the process of getting involved in various scientific, education and social projects.


Given the industrial and commercial pursuit of efficiency, it has become urgent to enhance the overall operational efficiency of automated three-dimensional warehouses. This paper focuses on improving the operational efficiency of the stacker in such warehouses. To this end, we deduce the deflection formula and simulate the swing of the stacker to identify the factors that affect its operational stability. Based on these findings, we propose a new speed curve optimization control scheme that properly controls the maximum acceleration and selects an appropriate acceleration change form. This scheme can effectively restrain column swing and improve the stacker's operational stability, thereby boosting work and production efficiency.


When contemporary artists respond to situations of war and conflict, the processes of creation and reception can be highly complex, charged, and unpredictable. Cultural institutions play an essential role in facilitating such projects, supporting artists and presenting the final outcomes. Artistic responses to conflict may stretch and challenge established institutional boundaries and conventions, yet in doing so they very often generate some of the most potent considerations of contested histories. As former head of art at the Australian War Memorial (AWM) Ryan Johnston writes, 'our historians might learn something from our artists when it comes to the practice of public memory'. Too often, art historical discussions around the relationship between individual artists and cultural institutions are positioned within frameworks of 'institutional critique', often in an antagonistic or oppositional mode. Johnston highlights the potential for reciprocal learning and sharing between artists and institutions, particularly in contexts where the artistic products are innately connected to wider politics and social histories. The opportunities and challenges afforded to contemporary artists by these different types of institutions also affect the broader reception and interpretation of the artworks produced. This article explores and analyses how different types of institutions can work with contemporary artists in these contexts. As practising arts professionals working in different organisations—a large commemorative museum, a small contemporary art gallery, and a research-intensive university—we reflect on our own institutional settings to consider how different institutional contexts affect the creation and exhibition of contemporary art that approaches topics of war, conflict, and political violence. We offer three key case studies to inform this article. Firstly, we consider how contemporary art at the AWM has expanded the institution's traditions of presenting the art of conflict, artefacts, and archives alongside a national memorial to those killed in military service. Secondly, we explore how Sydney's small independent gallery 4A Centre for Contemporary Asian Art has been redefining ways to support contemporary artists engaging with contested


A formulated therapeutic analog of the endogenous lymphokine leukoregulin with potential antineoplastic activity. Leukoregulin displays direct and indirect cytotoxicity through tumor cell lysis and enhancing tumor cell susceptibility to natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity. This agent enhances membrane permeability and decreases p-glycoprotein expression, thereby promoting cytotoxic drug uptake into tumor cells. Leukoregulin also induces the synthesis of collagenase and hyaluronan, expression and secretion of interleukin-8, and upregulates stromelysin-1 gene expression in human fibroblasts, thereby regulating extracellular matrix degradation.


Allergies and respiratory diseases range among the most frequent afflictions in industrialized countries. Globalization and climate changes suggest inter alia an increased spread of imported plant species with ar elevant allergogenic potential. Ambrosia (ragweed) species fit among the species which seem to spread in some regions of Europe. We report the results of an allergy screening on 465 4 th grade children in six regions of the state of Baden-Wurttember gi nG ermany .A verage sensitization to ragweed was determined as 13 %. Regional differences were found, but were not statistically significant in the small sample. Sensitization to the false ragweed, Franseria acanthicarpa ,t o Artemisia absinthium and Artemisia vulgaris, who are known cross reactive allergens, was found to be 8–10 %. In cases of sensitization to Ambrosia, frequently as ensitization to the three Ambrosia types ( Franseria acanthicarpa , Artemisia absinthium and Artemisia vulgaris) was diagnosed, too.


A novel data partitioning method is proposed to address the problem that the "CPU+GPU" heterogeneous parallel processing system cannot fully utilize its resources when average-partition data blocks in batches is processed to deal with the extra overhead for communication.Application data is processed by GPU after being partitioned into blocks with different sizes in proportion by taking the communication bandwidth and the GPU computing capacity into account.Therefore,PCI-E bus and GPU can work in parallel in a period of time to overlap communication and computation.The partitioned data blocks can utilize system resources as much as possible,and hence the mutual waiting time between data transferring and computing can be reduced.Experimental results show that application performance is raised significantly by effectively overlapping communication and computation.Comparisons with no-partition and average-partition show that matrix multiplication's performance is improved by about 5% and 3%,while Fast Fourier Transform's performance is enhanced by about 30% and 6%,respectively.


Power quality in distribution grids is already a concern in many European Countries where there is a strong presence of renewable energy generation. There is therefore a growing interest in new technologies able to improve the power quality level, among them the Open Uninterruptible Power Quality Conditioner (Open UPQC). Despite several proposals have been analyzed in literature, there are still few examples of experimentation in real environments. The paper discusses the design and the simulation of the Open UPQC, focusing on its series component. This analysis is the result of the preliminary investigation lead before the physical installation of the system in a real operating distribution grid.


Not only the driving and operating speed of agricultural tractors but also the ratio of transport is increasing constantly. Because of that, higher driving safety and improved driving comfort are required. To achieve this, the tractor chassis suspension has to be adapted. Based on a tractor with conventional rigid axles, a new hydro-pneumatic chassis suspension for front and rear axle, including a set of sensors, hydraulic actuators and an electronic real-time controller, was developed. The used semi-active control algorithm of the damping ratio is based on the continuous Skyhook theory. Consequently, the chassis suspension can be adjusted to any kind of road and speed to achieve an improved driveability.


The metal mask method is widely used for preparing diamond nanowires but has the problem of random structure distribution and inaccurate size control. This paper presents the first‐principle calculations for Al atoms' adsorption and migration behavior on diamond surfaces. The results show that the adsorption energy of Al atom is 0.2 eV, and the activation energy is 0.01 eV, resulting in the instability of the diamond/Al interface. The metal Al at the interface forms nanospheres at high temperatures. Similarly, its size and distribution depend on the diamond surface topography. Therefore, the anodic aluminum oxide template micro‐etching method is adopted to improve the metal mask preparation method and realize diamond nanoarrays' size and distribution control.


THE NOVELS ARE FULL OF IT: John Thorpe and General Tilney discussing Catherine Morland's fortune at the theatre in Bath, neighborhoods of voluntary spies in the Home Counties, the saying of many witty things on the subject of lovers and husbands at Barton, truths universally acknowledged in Meryton, accounts of Miss Darcey's haughtiness, remarks about Miss King's freckles and fortune, rumors of marriage at Rosings, earnest conversations in the White Attic at Mansfield Park, flippant ones at Mansfield Parsonage, Highbury gossips, match-making, whispers about Dixons, two dead young ladies on the Cobb at Lyme, and speculation in Sanditon about the sickly Miss Lambe. So busy are Austen's characters gossiping, or overhearing others gossip, or conspicuously abstaining from gossip themselves that we might conclude they hardly have time to get on with the plot. In this we would be wrong, however, for in one sense, gossip is the plot that they have to be getting on with. In Austen's time, gossip suffered the same despised relationship to elegant conversation as the novel itself did to so-called "serious" literature. Sheridan satirized it in his immensely successful comedy, The School for Scandal, first performed just a year after Jane Austen's birth. I Frances Burney's novels (and indeed, as recent research shows, her own relationships) forcefully demonstrated gossip's potential to damage innocent lives. (2) Moralists and courtesy books condemned it, with about as much justice as they condemned novel-reading, as a peculiarly female vice, and gentlewomen who indulged in it risked losing prestige thereby. (3) In Austen's day, discussion about the legitimate uses and pleasures of gossip, the gendered nature of its discourse, its value as past-time in a narrow country society, and the real damage that it could inflict upon the innocent, tended to parallel the traditional indictments and defenses of the popular novel. (4) Just as Northanger Abbey makes fun of the cant response to novel-reading--"Only a novel!"--an unwary reader of Austen's novels might mistakenly dismiss the discourse of gossip as "Only gossip!" without realizing its social and narrative power. Some of us, however, take gossip as seriously as Austen did. Patricia Meyer Spacks, in her 1986 study Gossip, distinguishes between casual gossip--harmless small talk meant to ward off serious intimacy--and serious gossip "which exists only as a function of intimacy. It takes place in private, at leisure, in a context of trust, usually among no more than two or three people. Its participants use talk about others to reflect about themselves, to express wonder and uncertainty and locate certainties, to enlarge their knowledge of one another" (5), as, we may note, Jane and Cassandra do in their surviving correspondence. In literature, Spacks observes, "gossip impels plots" (7). Furthermore, when it focuses on seemingly trivial details, gossip, like fiction itself, "insist [s] on the need to pay attention" to such details (20). In fact, Spacks sees in the rhetoric of gossip an analogy for the novel's "exchange between narrator and reader. . . . The reader brings to this relationship a body of general knowledge a nd of personal experience; the narrator brings particularized knowledge of the story being told" (21). Thus, the allegedly female vice of gossip both parallels and valorizes the allegedly female genre of the novel. In surveying the almost universal condemnation of gossip by moralists and philosophers, moreover, Spacks suggests yet another analogy, that between illicit talk and illicit sex. Thus Lydia Bennet's indulgence in catty gossip demonstrates her general thoughtlessness and selfishness later manifested in her sexual license with Wickham, while Mary Crawford's daring witticism about "Rears and Vices" indicates to Fanny and Edmund a serious flaw in her moral judgment. Spacks points out, however, that the moralists' view of gossip as an act of verbal transgression akin to sexual transgression is just another version of the traditional male double standard: "If the man values, and has a right to value, secrecy, the woman values, and has a right to value, community. …


Energy efficiency and its relationship with sustainable development are one of the most important objectives in modern engineering systems. In Industrial Installations that use refrigeration systems that are associated with the food industry, this optimization of energy consumption associated with the achievement of high quality standard is one of the main objectives of the modern engineer. One of the most important sectors in the distribution industry is the large supermarkets. In this kind of plants the annual amount of costs associated with all the refrigeration equipments that exists inside (cold chambers, preparing rooms, displaying cabinets) achieve values that in some cases represent more than 50% of the total energy consumption costs. With this background all strategies that conduce to reductions in refrigeration energy consumption should be considered. This article is about this kind of strategies that can be made in the refrigeration systems and equipments of a large hypermarket to reduce refrigeration energy consumption. Special attention is given to the variation of evaporation and condensation pressure, utilization of scroll compressors, utilization of efficient control systems and equipment.


The challenges facing full inclusion are many: time, scheduling, role clarity, self-efficacy, collaboration, parity, classroom management, new and different skill sets, training, and support. If we plan for, train, and schedule special and general education teachers as separate entities, they will be. Instead, all educators and leaders must be viewed, and treated, as part of a single working system. This chapter outlines concrete and actionable strategies for school leaders and general and special educators to support effective inclusion and make it a reality for all students. Hard work? Yes! Worth it? Absolutely!


Many large US and foreign banks have introduced performance evaluation methods designed to allocate capital among their di€erent businesses. Traditional performance measures such as return on capital have long been recognized as failing to take into account the risk of the underlying business and the value of future cash ows. The capital asset pricing model (CAPM) provides a framework for determining the net present value of a business. Expected future cash ows are discounted using a risk-adjusted expected rate of return. Risk is de®ned in terms of the covariance of changes in the market value of the business with changes in the value of the market portfolio. This form of risk measure is usually referred to as the beta coecient. For an introduction to the CAPM and discussion of the beta coecient, see Brealey and Myers (2000). For a portfolio of assets, risk in the CAPM is de®ned in terms of the standard deviation of the portfolio's return. The Sharpe ratio is a measure of the relative attractiveness of di€erent portfolios. It maps the expected return and the risk into a single measure. It is argued that the larger the Sharpe ratio, the better the portfolio, and hence the objective of portfolio manager's is to maximize the Sharpe ratio or, equivalently, the expected return on risk-adjusted capital. For many businesses, measuring the ®rm's beta and the beta of an investment presents a formidable challenge given the absence of market data. Practitioners have also expressed the concern that measures of risk such as beta, do not consider the risk and costs associated with default. Consequently, other forms of expected return/risk measures have been introduced (see Froot and Stein 1996). The stated objective of these risk-based capital allocation systems, which are often grouped together under the acronym RAPM (risk-adjusted performance


Let $S$ be a set of $n$ points in the projective $d$-dimensional real space $\mathbb{RP}^d$ such that not all points of $S$ are contained in a single hyperplane and such that any subset of $d$ points of $S$ span a hyperplane. Let an ordinary hyperplane of $S$ be an hyperplane of $\mathbb{RP}^d$ containing exactly $d$ points of $S$. In this paper we study the minimum number of ordinary hyperplanes spanned by any set $S$ of $n$ points in $4$ dimensions, following the work of Ben Green and Terence Tao in the planar version of the problem, as well as the work of Simeon Ball in the $3$ dimensional case. We classify the sets of points in $4$ dimensions that span few ordinary hyperplanes, showing that if $S$ is a set spanning less than $Kn^3$ ordinary hyperplanes, for some $K = o(n^{\frac{1}{6}})$, then all but $O(K)$ points of $S$ must be contained in the intersection of $5$ linearly independent quadrics.


This is the second article in a series of critical revisions of the species composition of powdery mildew fungi (Erysiphaceae, Helotiales, Ascomycota) of Ukraine and their distribution within the country. The first article of the series dealt with the small genera Arthrocladiella and Blumeria, while here we consider species of the Erysiphe sect. Erysiphe. Representatives of the other two sections of this genus, Microsphaera and Uncinula, will be critically examined in further publications. In the present article, a list of 24 species of the section Erysiphe recorded in Ukraine, their distribution by regions of Ukraine, and a key for their identification are provided. The most common species frequently occurring in many regions of Ukraine are E. aquilegiae, E. convolvuli, E. cruciferarum, E. heraclei, E. pisi, and E. polygoni. Such species as E. buhrii, E. howeana, E. knautiae, E. limonii, E. lycopsidis, and E. urticae were recorded less often. Erysiphe betae, E. circaeae, E. lythri, E. macleayae, E. mayori, E. thesii, and E. ulmariae are relatively rare species that occurred infrequently in several regions. Erysiphe caricae, E. catalpae, E. caulicola, E. celosiae, and E. malvae are known each from one or a few localities only. A number of species are invasive fungi, most of them have been recorded in Ukraine relatively recently, within the last hundred years. These are E. betae, E. caricae, E. catalpae, E. celosiae, E. howeana, and E. macleayae.


m 2 plots were established in Taibai Mountain Nature Reserve for the obtaining of sampling data by tally in the contiguous quadrats.Through the dynamic analysis of Abies fargesii population structure and distribution pattern,the results showed that:the diameter structure was developing and the resources of little and young trees were great,about 954 plants/hm 2;the death rate of Ⅰ-Ⅳpopulation was as higher as 82.3%,and then it became steady.The survivor curve belonged to Pearl Ⅲ or Deevey C type;the distribution pattern was clustering in general.Parameter of negative binominal ( K ) was 1.600.Dispersal index( I δ )was 1.629.Index of clumping( I )was 7.677.Cassie index ( C A )was 0.625.Distribution index( C )was 8.677 and index of patchiness( m */m )was 1.625.The result of discrete distribution fitting was negative binominal distribution.With the increase of age and difference of development phases,the distribution pattern changed from aggressive distribution to random distribution and the result of discrete distribution fitting changed from negative binominal distribution to Poisson distribution.


Temporal difference (TD) learning is a policy evaluation in reinforcement learning whose performance can be enhanced by variance reduction techniques. Recently, multiple works have sought to fuse TD learning with SVRG to obtain a policy evaluation method with a geometric rate of convergence. However, the resulting convergence rate is significantly weaker than what is achieved by SVRG in the setting of convex optimization. In this work we utilize a recent interpretation of TD-learning as the splitting of the gradient of an appropriately chosen function, thus simplifying the algorithm and fusing TD with SVRG. Our main result is a geometric convergence bound with predetermined learning rate of $1/8$, which is identical to the convergence bound available for SVRG in the convex setting. Our theoretical findings are supported by a set of experiments.


With the extensive application of electric vehicles, energy storage systems and other power electronic equipment, the research on large capacity controllable current source will be an important direction in the future. This paper proposes controllable current source controlled by a full digitally hysteresis current based on field programmable gate array(FPGA), in which the single phase full bridge topology is adopted as the main circuit of current source. The two levels and three levels hysteresis current control strategies are analyzed and compared with the platform of PSCAD/EMTDC. The user defined component was adopted to realize the two difference control strategies with fortran language program. The simulation results verified that the two levels hysteresis current control strategy is much more fit for the controllable current source. Finally, a prototype is designed and fulfilled and it is controlled by the digitally controller with FPGA. The hysteresis current control is realized by FPGA controller with VHDL programming. The experimental results show that the researched hysteresis current control technology is effective for the current amplifier


The influence of sintering temperature on magnetic properties of rare earth permanent magnets Sm(Co_0.72Fe_0.15Cu_0.1Zr_0.03)_7.5,prepared by the conventional powder metallurgy method,was studied.The results show that with sintering temperature increasing,the remanence B_r,intrinsic coercivity H_ci and maximum magnetic energy product(BH)_max increase first and then decrease.Although the maximal value of B_r=0.95T B_r is achieved when the magnets are sintered at 1220℃,the optimal magnetic properties are achieved at 1212℃ with B_r=0.94T,H_ci=2276.6kA·m~-1 and(BH)_max=171.9kJ·m~-3.The temperature stability of magnets sintered at 1215℃ is excellent,which can work in the condition of 550℃.


This report uses data from Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) and Service Provision Assessment (SPA) surveys conducted in Kenya Rwanda Uganda and Tanzania during the period of 2003-2010. Random-effects logit regression models are fitted to examine the extent to which contraceptive use is associated with the regional family planning supply and service environment and to assess the regional variability in contraceptive use that is explained by these two factors. Contraceptive use information is from the DHS surveys and family planning supply and service environment data are provided in the SPA survey that was conducted within a year of the DHS in each country. The analysis indicates that based on the Kenya 2008-09 DHS Kenya has the highest level of modern contraceptive use among the four countries studied at 39 percent of women of reproductive age. Contraceptive use is lowest in Uganda at 18 percent in the 2006 DHS and only slightly higher in Tanzania at 20 percent in the 2004-05 DHS. Regional variation in contraceptive use within countries is evident but less so in Rwanda than in the other three countries. In Uganda women rely primarily on private-sector sources while in the other three countries they primarily use public sources. Over half of health facilities provide at least one contraceptive method ranging from 60 percent in Uganda in 2007 to 81 percent in Kenya in 2010. Regional variations in method availability are apparent in all four countries but are most striking in Uganda. In terms of infrastructure and resources to support high-quality family planning services the majority of facilities in all four countries ensure visual and auditory privacy for counseling and provide visual aids for their family planning clients. Health facilities providing family planning services often have written national family planning guidelines. In Rwanda and Tanzania facilities have limited capacity in infection control. Running water in particular is missing at most of the facilities in these two countries. In all four countries fewer than 10 percent of facilities contain all of the items specified for quality of care in pelvic examinations including a private room offering visual and auditory privacy an examination bed or table an examination light and vaginal speculums. The lack of routine staff training for family planning providers cuts across all four countries with one-tenth or fewer of facilities in Uganda and Tanzania and one-third or fewer in Kenya and Rwanda providing routine staff training for family planning providers. In all four countries however family planning providers generally receive routine supervision. There are important regional or provincial variations in the various family planning service components. Multivariate regression analysis finds that an average increase of one contraceptive method available in a region increases women's odds of using modern contraception by 50 percent if family planning facility density in the region and other individual-level variables are held constant. Women in regions with a more favorable service environment (as measured by a higher service environment score) in facilities are more likely to use a modern contraceptive method. The analysis also suggests that regional-level factors significantly contribute to the between-region variation in contraceptive use. The increased proportion of variation explained by adding regional contraceptive supply and service environment variables to the model is 18 percent and 27 percent respectively. Simulation results in the North East province in Kenya and the North region in Uganda suggest that a much higher proportion of women would be using a modern contraceptive method if method availability or the service environment or both could be brought up to the national average level. In light of increasing interest and program efforts to improve contraceptive use in sub-Saharan Africa these findings may assist donors and program planners to assess the effectiveness of existing programs and to plan for future investment in family planning..


We evaluated neuro-functional changes associated with late acquisition of reading in an illiterate adult who underwent 20 longitudinal functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans during 2 years, while the participant progressed from complete illiteracy to a modest level of alphabetical decoding. Initially, the participant did not activate neural circuits for reading when he was exposed to words; gradually, however, he began to present activation in left occipitotemporal cortex, at the visual word form area. This increase was accompanied by a decrease in face responses. Reading-related responses also emerged in language-related areas of the inferior frontal gyrus and temporal lobe. Additional activations in superior parietal lobe, superior frontal gyrus and posterior medial frontal cortex suggested that reading remained dependent on effortful executive attention and working memory processes. Nevertheless, the results indicate that adult plasticity can be sufficient to induce rapid changes in brain responses to written words and faces in an unschooled and illiterate adult.


Objective To investigate the serum N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP) levels in patients with coronary heart disease(CHD) and its correlation with global registry of acute coronary events(GRACE) score,and then to assess the risk of CHD with the combination of them.Methods A total of 168 cases of patients who underwent coronary angiography were selected as research subjects.They were divided into three groups by coronary angiography: 41 cases of patients with non-coronary heart disease as control group;69 cases of patients with stable angina pectoris as SAP group;58 cases of patients with acute coronary syndrome as ACS group.The NT-proBNP levels of all patients were measured by radioimmunoassay.All patients were scored by GRACE system,and then layered.Results The NT-proBNP levels and GRACE score in ACS group were significantly higher than the control group and the SAP group(all P 0.05).Then the NT-proBNP levels and GRACE score had significant positive correlation(r = 0.318,P 0.01).The NT-proBNP levels in high risk GRACE score patients were higher than the moderated and low risk GRACE score ones(all P 0.01).Conclusion The NT-proBNP levels in patients with acute coronary syndrome are positively correlated with GRACE risk score,and the higher the NT-proBNP levels are,the higher the risk of ACS becomes.


Nesterov's accelerated gradient descent (AGD), an instance of the general family of "momentum methods", provably achieves faster convergence rate than gradient descent (GD) in the convex setting. However, whether these methods are superior to GD in the nonconvex setting remains open. This paper studies a simple variant of AGD, and shows that it escapes saddle points and finds a second-order stationary point in $\tilde{O}(1/\epsilon^{7/4})$ iterations, faster than the $\tilde{O}(1/\epsilon^{2})$ iterations required by GD. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first Hessian-free algorithm to find a second-order stationary point faster than GD, and also the first single-loop algorithm with a faster rate than GD even in the setting of finding a first-order stationary point. Our analysis is based on two key ideas: (1) the use of a simple Hamiltonian function, inspired by a continuous-time perspective, which AGD monotonically decreases per step even for nonconvex functions, and (2) a novel framework called improve or localize, which is useful for tracking the long-term behavior of gradient-based optimization algorithms. We believe that these techniques may deepen our understanding of both acceleration algorithms and nonconvex optimization.


Previous studies have proven that it is feasible and reliable to apply the electrostatic sensing technique to the speed monitoring of rotating machinery. The geometric shape, size, spatial position and spacing of the electrodes have significant influence on the performance of electrostatic sensors. This paper presents a scheme for the electrode optimization of electrostatic sensors. A mathematical model is established to determine the charge density distribution on the electrode surface based on the principle of electrostatic induction. Through mathematical modeling and numerical simulation, the spatial sensitivity and filtering characteristics of the electrostatic sensors are analyzed, then the optimal range of each electrode parameter is obtained. In order to assess the performance of sensors in speed measurement, an optimized sensor with double strip-shaped electrodes, is used to measure the rotational speed of a metallic shaft with an electrostatic marker attached. Experimental results show that, the rangeability of sensors is improved significantly. The system is capable of measuring the rotational speed as low as 30 RPM (revolution per minute) and achieving repeatable speed measurement over the range of 30 to 3000 RPM with a maximum error of ±4.5% and repeatability better than 1.9%.


In accordance with the Concept for the Development of the Penal System of the Russian Federation until 2020 one of the key directions in the process of correcting convicts is the use of advanced methods and methods of organizing educational work, which imply a competent building of relations by an employee with persons serving a sentence. Each employee of the correctional institution carries out educational work with convicts. At the same time the chief of the detachment has the greatest burden associated with the organization and preparation of various materials and documents, the conduct of cultural and physical activities, as well as the organization of circle work with a special contingent. To carry out the entire range of measures, it is necessary to create decent working conditions, equip the workplace of the head of the detachment (employee of the department for educational work with convicts) with special software. The article examines the applied aspects of using modern software for the automation of office activities in the field of educational work with convicts. The article discusses the methodology for organizing work in the environment of the AKUS IK (KP) software complex for employees of territorial bodies enrolled in professional retraining and advanced training courses for heads of correctional institutions. An algorithm for the creation and further use of the data exchange clipboard for educational work in the AKUS software complex is proposed. The article describes the possibility of optimizing the work when filling in the data on the subscribers of the card index by the head of the detachment.


Objective:To establish a method for determination of lead in the blood with Matrix modifier GF-AAS.Methods:The sample was diluted with t-Octylphenoxypolyethoxyethanol directly,and use beilstein and ammonium dihydrogenphosphate as Matrix modifier,then analyzed with GF-AAS.Results:The linear ranges for lead were 5 μg/L~80 μg/L.The lowest determination limit were 0.38 μg/L,r=0.999 7,the rate of recovery were 93.5%~101.4%,and RSD were 6.12%~2.57%.Conclusion: This method can accurately determine lead in the blood.It′s simple,rapid and sensitive.


Many multiprocessor systems have the ability to broadcast and/or multicast information efficiently. However, this ability is often overlooked when designing algorithms for these systems. In this paper, we introduce a new compression technique that uses efficient multicasting to significantly reduce the amount of information communicated during parallel and distributed computation, resulting in significantly faster algorithms for Fast Fourier Transforms and sorting on shared memory parallel models with limited bandwidth. These algorithms demonstrate the importance of taking advantage of efficient multicasting. The compression technique uses a new, natural variant of Ramsey theory, which may be of independent interest.


The rise in energy crisis required clean and suitable energy resources with higher
 efficiency. Due to large availability of the solar light, energy generation from solar
 energy is considered as one of the most suitable energy generation method. However,
 certain environmental factors affect the efficiency of the solar energy generation from
 solar panel using photo-voltaic effect. In this work, a parametric estimation is carried
 out using a fuzzy rule-based system to study the impact of various environmental factors
 including temperature, humidity and wind velocity on the output solar PV efficiency. All
 the factors equally impact the efficiency of the solar panel resulting in affecting the
 efficiency of the solar panel. The simulated and calculated results are compared which
 shows error less than 1%, which shows the accuracy of the soft computing technique
 (fuzzy rule based system).


This work concerns the numerical modeling of heat transfer and phase transformations in solid state occurring during the Yb:YAG laser beam heating process. The temperature field is obtained by the numerical solution into transient heat transfer equation with convective term. The laser beam heat source model is developed using the Kriging interpolation method with experimental measurements of Yb:YAG laser beam profile taken into account. Phase transformations are calculated on the basis of Johnson - Mehl - Avrami (JMA) and Koistinen - Marburger (KM) kinetics models as well as continuous heating transformation (CHT) and continuous cooling transformation (CCT) diagrams for S355 steel. On the basis of developed numerical algorithms 3D computer simulations are performed in order to predict temperature history and phase transformations in Yb:YAG laser heating process.