The issue of terrorism has become more prevalent in the media since the collapse of the world trade center building in the United States on September 11, 2001. This event had changed the orientation of the US foreign policy with almost a wordwide recognition of having a "fight against terrorism" and siding with the US, including Indonesia. However, are the efforts made by Indonesia to combat terrorism been appropriate? Alternatively, has it become one way to silence the political opposition by labeling it as a terrorist movement? This research attempts to identify the development of the terrorist movement based on different perspectives, namely the pattern of terrorist movements and radical belief which is often used as a justification for the acts of murder committed by terrorist groups. By looking at the movements and spread of terrorist groups, it is hoped that there will be more concrete efforts to reduce and eliminate terrorist and radical movements. The most concrete approach is to include anti-radicalism in the learning curriculum. TheGeography Information System (GIS) Analysis is expected to assist in the identification of the distribution patterns of radicalism and the best efforts to confront terrorist and radical movements based on spatial data.


Based on the single-factor experiments,response surface methodology(RSM) was applied to optimize the ultrasonic assisted extraction conditions of luteolin from marigold flower.The optimal extraction conditions were as follows: Ethanol concentration was 62.3%,solid-solvent ratio was 1∶43,and extraction time was 30.2 min.The predicted value of extraction rate of luteolin was 2.22%.


Active noise control has proven effective in the reduction of low‐frequency noise in ducts, e.g., in air conditioning systems. However, in many applications the capability of proper operation of an active silencer is severely limited by the harsh environment. In fact, higher temperatures, static and dynamic pressure loads, extreme sound power levels, and abrasive flow often prohibit the use of active silencers at all. Appropriate design details for an actively absorbing silencer are presented, leading to a new construction with high performance and durability. Using standard components (microphone, loudspeaker), robust protection measures are developed which can be adapted to particular applications. A computational model derived from the theory of active silencers allows the variation of design parameters and the prediction of the insertion loss. To verify the numerical results, experiments under several acoustical and thermal conditions were conducted.


With the rapid development of distance learning, there are many different kinds of learning management systems and teaching strategies. In order to adapt different teaching strategies in accordance to individual's abilities in a distance learning environment, system directed navigation of students was proposed in a distance learning standards called SCORM (sharable content object reference model). A set of interrelated technical specifications was built upon the work of the AICC and IEEE. It creates one unified control model and enables the reuse of Web-based learning content across multiple environments. In this work, the distance-learning color Petri net (DCPN) are proposed to apply the valuable features of Petri net, decrease the complexity of the sequencing definition model in the SCORM 2004 specification, and construct framework within various instructional strategies by piecing subnets together.


Selective plane illumination microscopy (SPIM) uses low‐powered laser light to rapidly and precisely capture high‐resolution images of cells within live organisms, revealing fine details of the cell structure. By combining a bespoke SPIM/Bessel beam in combination with appropriate fluorescent cell‐specific reporters, individual cells can be located and targeted for ablation via apoptosis.


The study was conducted in one of citrus nurseries in Baghdad during fall and spring seasons of 2005- 2006. The study of host preference of citrus leafminer Phyllocnistis citrella stainton showed that the sour orange Citrus aurantium was the most preferred to the insect with infestation percentages reached to 49.97% and with an average of a living larvae number reached to 4.68 larva/new branch, while the mandrine citrus reticulate was much less preferred with infestation percentage reached to 28.8% and less number of living larvae which reached to the average of 2.31 larva / new branch. The results also illustrated that the treatment of citrus nurseries with different levels of chemical fertilizers of (NPK+K), (NPK+N) and (NPK) had a great effect on both the infestation percentage and the number of living larvae. It was found that the treatment, in which the nitrogen was increased, had a greater effect and caused a highest percentage of infestation in comparison with the treatment of potassium increase. The infertation percentages were 6.20%, 13.21% and 9.7% and the number of living larvae were 0.33, 2.11 and 0.55 larvae/new branch when the citrus nurseries were treated with (NPK+K), (NPK+N) and (NPK) fertilizers in full season of 2005 respectively, while in spring season of 2006, the infestation percentages of new branches reached to 3.53%, 9.93% and 8.30%, respectively. These results could indicate an integration between host and leaf of fertilizers to control the population of this pest. ااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااا ااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااااا


The authors point out that time to breakdown (t/sub BD/) of silicon dioxide has a pronounced frequency dependence when it is measured under bipolar bias conditions. At high frequencies, bipolar t/sub BD/, can be enhanced by two orders of magnitude over the t/sub BD/, obtained using DC or unipolar pulse bias of the same frequency and electric field. The lifetime improvement is attributed to detrapping of holes. At high frequencies, the improvement is maximum because the trapped holes are concentrated at the interface where they can easily be removed upon field reversal. At low frequencies, there is less improvement because the trapped hole distribution extends further into the oxide. Two different mechanisms are proposed to explain the frequency-dependent spreading of the trapped hole distribution away from the interface. >


Abacus model has been employed widely to represent partitions for any positive integer. However, no study has been carried out to develop connected beads of abacus in graphical representation for discrete objects. To resolve this connectedness problem this study is oriented in characterising n - connected objects knows as n connected ominoes, which then generate nested chain abacus. Furthermore, the theoretical conceptual properties for the nested chain abacus are being formulated. Along the construction, three different types of transformation are being created that are essential in building a family of classes. To enhance further, based on theses classes, generating functions are also being formulated by employing enumeration of combinatorial objects (ECO). In ECO method, each object is obtained from smaller object by making some local expansions. These local expansions are described in a simple way by a succession rule which can be translated into a function equation for the generating function. In summary, this stud has succeeded in producing novel graphical representation of nested chain abacus, which can be applied in tiling finite grid.


The research addresses the deficiency of a structured methodology for the selection of collaborative robots or cobots, a type of an industrial robot that can perform tasks in cooperation with a human operator in a shared workspace. Without a standard procedure, manufacturing and service industries may experience difficulty determining a suitable cobot for their collaborative robot application. The decision to select a suitable cobot requires multiple requirements that may need to be considered along with the multiple choices of cobot alternatives available from various manufacturers. This decision may be difficult because there has been no literature that addresses the requirements that needs to be considered for cobot selection. Identifying the requirements may serve as the standard criteria for evaluation of the various cobots available as of now. The research is focused on determining the specific criteria useful for evaluation of various cobots. Subsequent to the determination of the criteria for cobot selection, an improved multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) algorithm will be utilised to illustrate the methodology for the selection of a cobot suitable to the manufacturing or service industry.


Monitoring grassland growth in large areas usually needs multiple images from different sensors or on different dates to cover the study area completely. Images from different sensors or on different dates need consistency correction to eliminate the sharp differences between images. The main contribution of this study is to promote a method for consistency correction of images on different days by constructing a linear regression equation of land cover types and the classification pixel mean. Taking a prefecture-level area in China as a test area, the consistency corrected images were applied for monitoring grassland growth. The results showed the following. First, compared with the normal correction equation constructed for two images, taking all features into account, the coefficient of determination of the equation corrected by the land cover types was improved, and the root mean square error was also significantly reduced. Secondly, the areas of consistency in the corrected image were improved compared with the original image, with an improvement rate of 21% for images from the same sensor and 25% for images from different sensors. The pixel average was much closer to the benchmark images, indicating that the corrected image was more consistent than the original image. Thirdly, when applied for monitoring grassland growth, consistency correction can solve the problem of misjudging grassland degradation. Grassland that was judged to be degraded using direct imagery, in fact, showed stable growth after consistency correction, and this type accounted for 7.33% of the regional grassland area. The seasonal characteristics of grass growth in the region were also obtained by monitoring the growth of grass in the region throughout the year. The application test showed that an effective image consistency correction method can improve the accuracy of grassland growth monitoring across a large area.


The Lover Devonian Hunsrück Slate in western Germany is world‐famous for its exceptionally preserved and beautiful fossils. What makes this Konservat‐Lagerstätte so fascinating is its unique style of pyritization that has perfectly captured an entire ecosystem, from delicate echinoderms with preserved soft tissues to the Lovecraftian Mimetaster.


Patients with facial paralysis may experience several limitations. They may have difficulty with speech and eating and may experience drooling. Furthermore, these patients may have significant ophthalmic complications from loss of the blink reflex, upper and lower eyelid retraction, and lagophthalmos. The absence of orbicularis muscle tone also causes a loss of the corneal "squeegee" effect and predisposes the patient to dry eye symptoms and corneal exposure. The goals of therapy are to limit ocular exposure and to restore the blink response to protect the eye and to improve patients' appearance. To aid in the management of patients with facial paralysis, a staged approach has been developed over the last 15 years. Stage I is supportive care; stage II is planning for general facial reanimation; stage III is lower eyelid and canthal resuspension or support; stage IV is passive upper eyelid animation; stage V is dynamic lid animation; and stage VI is softtissue repositioning. Additionally, an "epilogue" focuses on the management of synkinetic movements due to aberrant regeneration and hypertonicity, which often accompany recovery of facial nerve function.


Various methods of combining high power "push-pull" devices are often possible. Two methods, push-pull and balanced configurations, are theoretically discussed. A practical example with a push-pull and a balanced amplifier using the same 150 W, S-band GaAs device(1) is reported and amplifier data are compared and analyzed. Introduction • Most high power microwave GaAs FET devices(2) up to Land S-band and soon up to C-band consist of two independent sides without any internal transversal connection between the two sides. Though often called push-pull devices, the two sides can be combined in a variety of configurations created by external components such as 180-degree splitters/combiner (baluns(3)), 3 dB quadrature couplers (like branch line or Lange couplers), in phase couplers (like Wilkinson couplers), etc. • Push-pull(2) and balanced(4) configurations are both intensively used for High-Power GaAs FET Amplifier designs using push-pull devices for relatively narrow band commercial applications from UHF to S-band. In near future this type of device will be available at higher frequencies. • The question has arisen as to whether or not push-pull amplifiers have more advantages for these applications than balanced ones. • The goal of this presentation is to compare the push-pull configuration to the balanced one for amplifiers using GaAs push-pull devices for commercial applications with less than one octave bandwidth. Discussion Push-Pull Amplifier Definition: A push-pull amplifier consists of an input 0-180-degree power splitter driving two identical devices in antiphase and a 0-180-degree output power combiner adding the output power of the two devices in the amplifier load. This type of splitter and combiner, which are the key elements of the amplifier, are called baluns(3) (BALanced UNbalanced). They transform a balanced system that is symmetrical with respect to ground to an unbalanced system with one side grounded. Note that the microwave push-pull amplifier is two independent devices each amplifying an individual signal of half the total power. Figure 1 shows the conceptual block diagram of a push-pull amplifier.


PURPOSE: A pole changing motor is provided to enhance the operational efficiency using main compensating windings, and to simultaneously realize both low speed operation and high speed operation in accordance with its operation mode. CONSTITUTION: First to fourth main windings(M1-M4) is operated with a 2-pole mode or a 4-pole mode to generate a start torque of a rotor. The rotation of the rotor after initial start is maintained by first to fourth auxiliary windings(S1-S4). A stator comprises first/second main compensating windings(MC1,MC2) for offsetting the counter pole generated between same poles of the first to fourth main windings(M1-M4) during 2-pole operation. A relay part(10) changes the polarities of the first to fourth main windings(M1-M4) and the first to fourth auxiliary windings(S1-S4), and changes the connection status of the first/second main compensating windings(MC1,MC2).


Desoria gracilliseta colonizes a fruticose lichen, Cladonia sp., in a snowy habitat in Hokkaido, Japan. Juveniles appear in October, continue to develop under snow, and mature in May. Recent surveys from mid-September to mid-October revealed the presence of a Tetracanthura-like collembolan, in addition to D. gracilliseta juveniles. Body lengths of the Tetracanthura-like collembolan remained consistent throughout the duration of the surveys averaging 0.49 mm, whereas D. gracilliseta juveniles grew steadily from 0.54 mm to 0.8 mm. Both forms were almost indistinguishable except that the Tetracanthura-like collembolan had four anal spines on abdominal segment VI and short spines on the head and thorax segment II. Large individuals distinctive of D. gracilliseta collected in March were also included for comparisons in morphology and DNA sequences. Antennal segment IV and the furca developed with increasing body length. DNA barcode analysis, using mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 and 16S ribosomal RNA genes confirmed the genetic identities of the Tetracanthura-like collembolan, and juveniles and subadults of D. gracilliseta to be D. gracilliseta. The significance of morphological changes in D. gracilliseta was discussed in terms of survival strategy against predation.


Ionic resistance and conductivity are key performance properties of polymer electrolyte membranes (PEMs). These properties can be determined for ion transport within the plane of material (in-plane direction, IP) or through the thickness of the membrane (through-plane orientation, TP). Although through-plane conductivity (σTP) is more relevant for fuel cells, measurement in the in-plane direction is easily implemented and thus more often reported. In addition, in-plane measurements can be determined at different orientations within the plane of the membrane, i.e., longitudinal vs. transverse direction, although this orientation distinction is generally not considered or reported.


Wikipedia [Wikipedia06] is a well known and very successful online-encyclopaedia. It is free, available in different languages and everybody is permitted to contribute. This results in a worldwide collaboration aiming at one target: Anybody can provide information for everybody. However, one interesting question would be whether this successful principle can be transferred to learning communities in higher education and how it could be achieved. This paper presents some experiences gained during the use of a Wiki-System during lectures on structural concrete at both the University of Applied Sciences FH Joanneum and Graz University of Technology. Our approach included a technical and didactical concept as well as accepted investigation methods. Presenting a full analysis of the implementation, this paper shows its general potential, the weakness of the principle and further future approaches.


STRUCTÜRE OF2D OBJECTS ObjectO A. /TV \\/ A plane figure A pyramid Abbreviating procedures Afive-Iine objcctwith junctions A four-sided solid with convex ....... Description Representation HCTÜRE GRAMMAR Graphicfttructural aocount ofobjcctO Graphicstructural accotmtof object F Abbreviating procedures Object F ABSTRACT STRUCTÜRE OF3D OBJECTS, EVENTS, ETC.


Nepal frequently suffers from various types of water induced disasters like soil erosion, landslide, debris flow, flood etc. To mitigate the problem related to Landslides & Debris flow, Landslide Hazard zonation is important to quick and safe mitigation measures and make strategic planning for the future by identifying the most vulnerable areas and channelizing most of the protective measures and techniques to a more focused area. This study was carried out in Rupa watershed area of kaski district with the main objective of identifying the landslide triggering factors and making the landslide hazard zonation map of the study area. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Geographic Information System (GIS) were entirely employed for the preparation of Landslide Hazard Zonation mapping. The main factors responsible for the occurrence of landslide was found to be slope, aspect, landcover, presence of roads and presence of river and streams. Among these factors, the presence of road factors had the prominent effect on landslide occurrence. Altogether 13 landslide events were recorded in the study area and among them most of the landslide events were seen in Rupakot Village Development Committee (VDC). The final landslide susceptibility map of the study area can help the development planners to know more about the area and disseminate their development project in accordance with the need base approach. Proper development plan, proper system of keeping the records of landslide events, broadcasting high susceptible zones for landslides, implementing appropriate conservation technology, giving instructions to the locals can help to minimize these kind of natural disasters.


Diamond is a promising semiconductor which shows some unique surface electronic features if grown optimized with low bulk and surface defect densities. The appearance of a highly conducting surface layer, if immersed into electrolyte solution, is maybe the most striking feature. Scanning tunneling microscopy experiments on diamond in electrolyte solutions or covered by adsorbates are applied to determine the electronic properties governing these transitions. These experiments reveal the formation of unoccupied quantized electronic states in the valence band close to the surface. A two-dimensional density-of-state distribution with three levels from light-, heavy-, and split-off-band holes is detected. The formation of this system is the origin for the transformation of insulating diamond into a highly conductive film. Removal of the electrolyte causes a reversible transition into the insulating state and vice versa. No transformation can be detected on oxidized diamond surfaces which remains insulating.


In this paper, the related theory of remuneration motivation, make an analysis of the remuneration management status for Chinese enterprises, puts forward that the intrinsic compensation and external remuneration do not match the salary system of enterprise. And on this basis, in the perspective of marginal utility theory, researched on the issues of the intrinsic compensation and external remuneration, finally, the thesis analysis the issues reflected in the corresponding countermeasures.


Objective To investigate the effect of compound preparation of Astragalus mongholicus on subsets of lymphocytes in patients with myasthenia gravis(MG),and to explore its regulatory mechanism.Methods 60 MG patients were randomly divided into test group(n=30,given compound preparation of Astragalus mongholicus for 12 wks)and control group(n=30,given prednisone tablets for 12 wks).Flow cytometry was applied to examining the distribution change of the subsets of lymphocytes in patients before and after treatment.Results After treatment,the percentages of CD4+ T cells and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ in both groups decreased compared with those before treatment.The ratio of CD4+/CD8+ in test group was significantly lower than that in control group(P0.05).The percentage of CD8+ T cells in test group after treatment increased significantly(P0.05)compared with that before treatment,but had no significant difference compared with that in control group(P0.05).Conclusion The result from the current study suggests that one of the mechanisms of the compound preparation of Astragalus mongholicus regulating immune response may be achieved through its modulating effect on the distribution of subsets of lymphocytes and humoral immune function.


Abstract This article considers the materiality and substance of the built environment in Nairobi in light of concerns about surface, depth and the power of the unseen. Taking Nairobi's high-rise construction boom and a recent spate of collapsed buildings as its starting point, it examines how longstanding ideas about the hidden and invisible dynamics of African cities do not operate in a realm distinct from the material world, but often stem from it: the stuff from which the city is made generates thought and action. High-rise buildings are sometimes described as 'icebergs' (structures where much of what is going on is under the surface) or as 'fakes' (buildings that superficially promise something, but that are qualitatively and morally suspect). Exploring Nairobi's construction industry from sites of building collapse, I show how an emerging vertical materiality in the city's built environment drives debates about deception, (im)moral economies and popular suspicions of power, complicating discourses about the relationship of surface to underneath. I examine how Nairobi's frail buildings induce anxieties about the seen and the unseen, illuminating how the materials of verticality are entangled in economies of deception.


The once highly lauded 'East Asian Miracle' turned sour after some East Asian economies, together with Southeast Asian countries, suffered from currency and ?nancial crisis in 1997. It triggered a great deal of discussion of what both local and foreign analysts called 'Asian crisis'. It generated numerous questions and issues that troubled not only policy-makers but also the social science community. The discussion continues even today and perhaps will continue forever without any de?nitive conclusion.


/ Solar energy has been widely studied due to the sun being considered the most important source of renewable energy, at this time. The most promising opportunity for us is in modeling solar energy for different applications. This article shows a modified Angstrom model to estimate solar radiation in northwestern Mexico (southwest United States). The algorithm developed here for the prediction of solar radiation is based on the Angstrom model, along with a historical database and polynomial regression models. One of the final applications of the regression models is to simulate the performance of photovoltaic installations and solar collectors in the Ciudad Juárez region. This document presents the simulation of a polycrystalline cell applying the regression models of solar radiation obtained. Finally, we perform a statistical analysis between the estimated model and the reference data from the Mean Square Error (RMSE).


. The least squares error or L2 criterion approach has been commonly used in functional approximation and generalization in the error backpropagation algorithm. The purpose ~ of this study is to present an absolute error criterion for the sigmoidal backpropagatioll I rather than the usual least squares error criterion. We present the structure of the error function to be minimized and its derivatives with respect to the weights to be updated. The focus in the study is on the single hidden layer multilayer perceptron (MLP) but the implementation may be extended to include two or more hidden layers. Our research makes use of the fact that the sigmoidal backpropagation function is differentiable and uses this property to implement a 2-stage algorithm for nonlinear L 1 optimization by Madsen, Hegelund & Hansen (1991) to obtain the optimum result. This is a combination of a first order method that approximates the solution by successive linear programming and a quasi-Newton method using approximate second order information to solve the problem. We show the theoretical background and convergence theorems associated with the 2-stage L 1 algorithm. The main reason for using the least absolute error criterion rather than the least squares error criterion is that the former is more robust and less easily affected by noise compared to the latter. We simulate the 2-stage L I algorithm over five different non-linear functions which are all scaled so that the standard deviation is one for a large regular !:,Tfid with 2500 points on [0, If. The simulation is for comparison purposes. We want to see how the responses are for the various functions keeping each training set fixed at 225 points and using 8 hidden nodes in all the simulation. We find that the 2-stage 1,1 algorithm


In the article,it first does research on the relation of test questions-numbers and the random extraction.By the experiment validation,it gains the conclusion: when test question-numbers reach 2500,it can satisfy the random extractive 100 questions require.


Abstract Phytochemicals might offer economic therapies, which are an alternative especially for low-income developing countries. Anemone coronaria has been used extensively as antineuralgic and antirheumatic in the folk medicine of Lebanon. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the antinociceptive potential of A. coronaria and its active principles against diabetic-neuropathy pain in a mouse-model. The study also aimed to achieve a bio-guided fractionation and to isolate the most active principles in A. coronaria herb. Bio-guided fractionation used reversed phase-HPLC, and 1H and 13C NMR for the identification of the most active fraction of A. coronaria, which was rich in alkaloids. This isolated alkaloid rich fraction contained catalin (21.1%), thaliporphine (14.1%), and glaucine (compound 3) (63.4%). A. coronaria extract (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg), the isolated alkaloid rich fraction (70 mg/kg), and glaucine (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) showed significant reduction in acute and subchronic hyperglycemia, with significant increase in glutathione and catalase levels, along with normalization of HbA1c and LPO levels (n=7 per group, p≤0.05). A. coronaria extract (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg), the isolated alkaloid rich fraction (70 mg/kg), and glaucine (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) also showed significant antinociceptive amelioration in thermal hyperalgesia pain latencies utilizing hot plate and tail flick tests. The highest doses of A. coronaria extract (200 mg/kg), isolated alkaloid rich fraction (70 mg/kg), and glaucine (100 mg/kg) showed a significant elevation in mechanical allodynia pain thresholds using Von-Frey-filaments. The results revealed that A. coronaria herb along with its most active alkaloid rich fraction and constituent (glaucine) possessed significant antihyperglycemic and antinociceptive potentials. These findings may lead to a future use of A. coronaria in the management of diabetic-neuropathy pain.


Significance This manuscript identifies a pathway of recombination which joins DNA ends on two homologous chromosomes in human cells. This pathway supports efficient recombination at targeted DSBs and nicks, at frequencies exceeding those of the spontaneous recombination events that ameliorate genetic diseases in human blood and skin cells. Recombination is further stimulated by depletion of POLQ, a factor with both DNA polymerase and helicase activities. POLQ depletion causes an especially dramatic increase in the frequency of copy-neutral loss of heterozygosity (cnLOH) events. These results have immediate practical implications for therapeutic correction of both compound heterozygous and autosomal dominant mutations, and they identify a mechanistic origin for prominent but poorly understood mutagenic signatures in cancer. Interhomolog recombination (IHR) occurs spontaneously in somatic human cells at frequencies that are low but sufficient to ameliorate some genetic diseases caused by heterozygous mutations or autosomal dominant mutations. Here we demonstrate that DNA nicks or double-strand breaks (DSBs) targeted by CRISPR-Cas9 to both homologs can stimulate IHR and associated copy-neutral loss of heterozygosity (cnLOH) in human cells. The frequency of IHR is 10-fold lower at nicks than at DSBs, but cnLOH is evident in a greater fraction of recombinants. IHR at DSBs occurs predominantly via reciprocal end joining. At DSBs, depletion of POLQ caused a dramatic increase in IHR and in the fraction of recombinants exhibiting cnLOH, suggesting that POLQ promotes end joining in cis, which limits breaks available for recombination in trans. These results define conditions that may produce cnLOH as a mutagenic signature in cancer and may, conversely, promote therapeutic correction of both compound heterozygous and dominant negative mutations associated with genetic disease.


Offshore oil production with the employment of FPSOs (Floating, Production, Storage and Offloading) unit faces the challenge of increasing well volumes, processing and storage capacity and ultimately oil offloading and transportation. Following the natural activity development in some oil fields, the number of spread-moored FPSOs and the employment of Dynamic Positioning Shuttle Tankers increased, however represent altogether a bottleneck for the production capacity and considerable transportation cost increment. The need to implement alternatives for the use of larger and conventional tankers is evident, and several attempts and use of technology are being tested and proposed. The work presents preliminary numerical and cost analysis of an innovative Oil Loading Terminal (OLT) for deep water.
 Based on field data, metocean studies and extensive practical experience, the OLT should allow direct offloading from the FPSOs onto conventional shuttle tankers including VLCCs. The OLT concept allows the transfer of oil from an FPSO to a conventional tanker moored in CALM Buoy through submerged oil offloading lines (OOLs) supported by a tethered submerged buoy. The conventional tanker will receive the oil through a floating hose string.
 The cornerstone of this OLT concept is the subsurface buoy application to support the OLLs and consequently de-coupling the FPSO and CALM Buoy motions simultaneously. As a result, the OOLs loads and fatigue efforts under the CALM Buoy also decrease. The paper evaluates an OLT specific conception for the Brazilian offshore pre-salt area and results related to the numerical analysis carried out are presented considering one submerged buoy connected to a FPSO and CALM Buoy via flexible offloading lines respectively. The results appoint to a technically feasible solution that can be complementarily laboratory and field tested. Further, the solution cost impact has been assessed and initial figures demonstrate that the final testing, construction and installation of one system will need investment that cost a fraction of tanker lifting costs currently requiring Ship-to-Ship oil transfers.
 The economies assessed with the use of this innovative solution include total avoidance of Ship-to-Ship costs; cuts transportation cost per ton in up to 50% (fifty percent), eliminates offloading bottlenecks allowing better use of FPSO storage and plant processing capacity, and ultimately decreases the number of tanker offloading operations with considerable benefit to operational safety by reducing risk exposure.


Introduction: The incidence of post-operative peri-prosthetic fractures is increasing. This is a consequence of the larger number of revision cases being undertaken, the increase in the use of cementless implants and a number of patients who develop undetected osteolysis as a result of poor follow up. The Vancouver classification has been shown to be a valid and reliable method for determining the configuration of periprosthetic fractures. This is essential in directing the further management of periprosthetic fractures appropriately. Methods: We have revalidated this classification system independently from the original authors at our institution. The radiographs from 30 patients with peri-prosthetic fractures were reviewed by 6 expert consultant surgeons, 6 non-experts at registrar level and 6 medical students, who had received no specialist training in this area, in order to assess intra and inter-observer reliability and reproducibility. Each observer read the radiographs on 2 separate occasions and classified the fracture according to its type (A, B1, B2, B3, and C). Results: The results were subjected to weighted κ analysis and were: Intraobserver agreement 0.72 for experts,0.68 for non experts and 0.61 for medical students. Interobserver agreement was 0.63 for the first reading and 0.67 for the second reading. Validity analysis showed a κ value of 0.79 (substantial agreement). Discussion: Our results confirm the reliability and reproducibility of this classification system. In addition we have shown that substantial agreement can even be found between individuals with no specialist training. This is a classification system that can be used by non-experts, between centres and across continents.


PURPOSE: A soft hand off method between different mobile communication systems is provided to perform a soft hand off by using a global router performing the change of a protocol, an address and a message. CONSTITUTION: In the first step, the first mobile communication system(452) received the request of hand off from a mobile station transmits the message requesting hand off to the global router(513). In the second step, the global router(513) performs the change of a protocol, an address and a message to the hand off request message and then transmits to the second mobile communication system. In the third step, the second mobile communication system allocates the corresponding channel and transmits the hand off response message to the global router. In the fourth step, the global router(513) performs the change of a protocol, an address and a message to the hand off response message and then transmits to the first mobile communication system. In the sixth step, the first communication system commands hand off to the mobile station. In the seventh step, the mobile station(501) transmits the hand off finish message to the first mobile communication system and performs transmission/reception of signal to the first and second mobile communication systems.


This paper discusses the importance of chip-level EM-simulations required at millimetre wave frequencies for achieving correct results. The negative impact of interconnects on passive structures and the inability of the conventional RC-extraction to cater their effects necessitate alternative solutions. Furthermore during IC-measurements the number of probing points is limited; therefore chip-level simulations can provide insight into circuit behaviour at any point in the circuit. In this work, a non-oscillating 60 GHz transformer coupled I-Q VCO is used as a test-case and it is proved that carrying out EM-simulations for the complete circuit can provide valuable information during the design phase. Sonnet® and Advanced Design Systems® are utilized for EM-simulations and postprocessing functions, respectively.


The effect of quality of water on deformation, pH, EC (electrical conductivity) and osmotic suction was studied for an expansive soil during wetting and drying tests. The cyclic wetting and drying tests were conducted on samples of an expansive soil in a modified oedometer flooded with distilled, acidic and saline water. During the tests axial deformation of the samples was recorded continuously. pH and EC of pore water and reservoir water were measured through duplicated samples in a conventional oedometer. Osmotic suction was calculated based on the values of EC. The results show that the magnitude of deformation depends on the quality of the water and the deformation attained an equilibrium condition after almost four cycles. pH, EC and osmotic suction decreased with increasing suction. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Teeth wear with loss of posterior support often leads to symptoms such as irregu-lar occlusal plane and excessive wear of anterior In such environment, es-tablishing proper posterior support and harmonious anterior guidance and occlusal plane is recommended. In this case, the patient had excessively worn dentition with loss of posterior support, while denying surgical treatment due to her(his) history of osteoporosis, ibandronate injection, and risk of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). To recover the vertical space needed for prosthetic restoration, full mouth rehabilitation with vertical dimension increase of remain-ing teeth was decided. Missing teeth in the posterior area were restored with mandibular removable partial denture. The treatment plan was determined through careful diagnosis, and every step of procedures including tooth preparation, provisional phase with the increased vertical dimension, and definitive prosthetic phase were carried out accordingly. Once the treatment was completed, the patient was satisfied functionally and esthetically. Periodic examination of oral hygiene, occlusal stability was conducted. (J Korean Acad Prosthodont 2022;60:63-70)


The mechanism of breakage of PET (polyethylene terephthalate/cotton staple yarns has been investigated by study ing the fibers removed from actual yarn breaks. Techniques have been devised that show the strain history of the PET fibers at a break and live the f: action of broken PET and cotton fibers. It is postulated that yarn breakage takes place in two stages: an initial rupture, followed by breakage of PET fibers spanning the "gap" formed. Such a mechanism may be common to all staple yarns, whether homo-yarns or blends, since 100% PET staple yarns appear to behave similarly. These techniques were used to examine yarns broken during mill spinning, It appears that the mill breaks occurred by fiber slippage hefore the yarn was fully developed, probably at the drafting stage. This view is supported by comparison of the break frequency/load spectrum of the spun yarn with the spinning conditions.


Plastics are one of the most important petrochemical based polymers widely used for a variety of purposes. Most of these polymers are oil-based and are made by either addition or condensation techniques. Their adverse effect on the environment because of their resistance to microbial degradation is a matter of serious concern at present throughout the world. Biodegradable plastics is considered as a better alternative for fossil fuel plastics or petro plastics as they degrade naturally by microbial action and at a much faster rate. These biodegradable plastics can be derived from natural and renewable feedstock like cornstarch, pea starch, vegetable and fruit peels, vegetable fats and oils or micro biota. Such bio plastics are not a single class of polymers but rather a family of products. This work was aimed at utilizing food wastes like banana peels, corn starch etc., for making biodegradable plastics using simple laboratory methods and also finding new areas of the use of the plastic material that was manufactured. Using a food waste, it was possible to synthesize a bi oplastic, which, unlike the petroleumbased plastic, was not found to cause any environmental pollution. Further, on studying the mechanical, physical and chemical properties of the bioplastic material produced, it will be possible to assess the potential of its prospective applications in various fields including packaging, 3D-printing and preparation of medical devices. The hard material produced from corn-starch can be used to prepare containers. Analysis of its characteristics like water solubility and thermo tolerance also promises new avenues for medical application of the bioplastics as drug delivery systems, biodegradable bandages and suture threads.


Commercial buyers, with good reason, do not care to find themselves embroiled in expensive patent infringement suits for the mere act of purchasing goods or services. To protect against such claims, many supply contracts require the vendor to warrant against intellectual property infringement. This is fair because the vendor typically has the knowledge and expertise to discern what patents are implicated by the manufacture and sale of its product. Because the vendor wants to sell to as many buyers as possible, it has the incentive to either ensure non-infringement or purchase appropriate licenses. However, warranties may afford only cosmetic relief. To recover on a breach of warranty claim, it would first have to be proven that the vendor's goods or services infringed the patent at issue. Then, in a subsequent suit between the buyer and vendor, the buyer would have to prove that the infringement fell within the scope of the warranty. The buyer incurs expense every step of the way, and often times does not recover legal fees and costs. Even if the buyer successfully defends against the underlying patent infringement claim itself, the victory achieved is often pyrrhic in light of the expense of patent litigation including out of pocket expenses and dedication of limited company resources. Thus, to be free from such claims buyers often supplement their warranty requirements in a supply contract with indemnification provisions. This common risk-shifting mechanism has engendered a rich body of case law in claims involving personal injuries, but little precedent concerning claims involving patent infringement. It may be important for the buyer of goods and services seeking indemnity (known as the "indemnitee") to follow certain procedural formalities in order to safeguard the indemnity right, including providing the vendor (or "indemnitor") prompt notice of the claim and an opportunity to defend. If the indemnitee does not, and unilaterally tries the


: Although similar in structure, pediatric skin is more delicate and vulnerable compared with adult skin and, as a result, is more prone to wounding. The immune response in pediatric skin is underdeveloped because of immature inflammatory cells and lower number of bone marrow progenitor cells. Therefore, pediatric patients, particularly newborns, have weak responses to microorganisms. The use of antimicrobial agents (eg, antibiotics, antimicrobial wound dressings, etc.) to aid in the prevention and/or treatment of wounds prone to or which are infected is one treatment option. Antimicrobial wound dressings using DACC technology physically bind bacteria and reduce the need for chemically active antimicrobial agents . This perspective is intended to highlight the benefit of DACC technology wound dressings for the prevention and treatment of pediatric wounds related to wound infection. We have found that DACC technology dressings are of benefit in the treatment of pediatric wounds and offer a significant resource for the treatment


The philosophical ideas of Karl Jaspers are called upon in spite of social and spiritual situation to direct a man toward the preference for such way of thinking, which preserves the conditions of humanity. The main category connecting subject-object split and indirectly extending the possibilities of the rational explanation of existence is "Comprehensive". The implementation of the conception of philosophizing that was offered by the German existentialist happens inside the semantic space of "eternal philosophy".


Thomas Pettigrew's article, "Intergroup Prejudice: Its Causes and Cures," analyzes how prejudice and discrimination feed into intergroup conflict, and describes some favorable conditions for optimal intergroup contact for reduction or elimination of this conflict. Aside from the valuable information and arguments it poses, there are two aspects I particularly appreciate about the article. The first is that it stems from the desire to imagine a decent, democratic society.1 And, secondly, the arguments and data are accompanied by personal experiences, helping us to better understand the issue and convincing us that prejudice is something that touches us all, though assuredly not the same way or with the same consequences. (repeating "same" is important to achieve effect) This commentary will attempt to describe and comment on some of the article's main points. Pettigrew's article is well-framed and his assumptions and conclusions well-founded; however, I would like to address several points in order to further our understanding of how intergroup prejudices work and the effects they have on societies such as ours.


Introduction: Activation of thromboxane A2 synthase (TXAS)/thromboxane A2 (TXA2)/thromboxane-prostanoid receptor (TP) leads to arterial constriction, platelet aggregation and ultimate vascular dama...


ABSTRACT This paper examines the opportunities and the economic benefits of exploiting publicly-sourced datasets of road surface quality. Crowdsourcing and crowdsensing initiatives channel the participation of engaged citizens into communities that contribute towards a shared goal. In providing people with the tools needed to positively impact society, crowd-based initiatives can be seen as purposeful drivers of social innovation from the bottom. Mobile crowdsensing (MCS), in particular, takes advantage of the ubiquitous nature of mobile devices with on-board sensors to allow large-scale inexpensive data collection campaigns. This paper illustrates MCS in the context of road surface quality monitoring, presenting results from several pilots adopting a public crowdsensing mobile application for systematic data collection. Evaluation of collected information, its quality, and its relevance to road sustainability and maintenance are discussed, in comparison to authoritative data from a variety of other sources.


III ABSTRACT Ontology has been developed to offer a commonly agreed understanding of a domain that is required for knowledge representation, knowledge exchange and reuse across domains. Therefore, ontology organizes information into taxonomies of terms (i.e., concepts, attributes) and shows the relationships between them. In fact, it is considered to be helpful in reducing conceptual confusion for users who need to share applications of different kinds, so it is widely used to capture and organize knowledge in a given domain. Although ontologies are considered to provide a solution to data heterogeneity, from another point of view, the available ontologies could themselves introduce heterogeneity problems. In order to deal with these problems, ontologies must be available for sharing or reusing; therefore, semantic heterogeneity and structural differences need to be resolved among ontologies. This can be done, in some cases, by aligning or matching heterogeneous ontologies. Thus, establishing the relationships between terms in the different ontologies is needed throughout ontology alignment. Semantic interoperability can be established in ontology reconciliation. The original problem is called the ―ontology alignment‖. The alignment of ontologies is concerned with the identification of the semantic relationships (subsumption, equivalence, etc.) that hold between the constituent entities (which can be classes, properties, etc.) of two ontologies. In this thesis, an ontology alignment technique has been developed in order to facilitate communication and build a bridge between ontologies. An efficient mechanism has been developed in order to align entities from ontologies in different description languages (e.g. OWL, RDF) or in the same language. This approach tries to use all the features of ontologies (concept, attributes, relations, structure, etc.) in order to obtain efficiency and high quality results. For this purpose, several matching techniques have been used such as string, structure, heuristic and linguistic matching


Summary

Zero, 10, 20 and 40% dried distiller grain (DDG) from wheat was blended with corn, potato, rice, and wheat flours at total moisture levels of 15 and 22% and extruded in a Brabender laboratory single screw extruder at three sets of barrel temperatures of 80, 130, 160°C; 100, 160, 210°C and 120, 190, 250°C at a constant screw speed (100 r.p.m.), screw configuration (3:1 compression ratio) and die size (3.175 mm). Resulting torque, yield, radial expansion (RA), longitudinal expansion index (LEI), density, water absorption index and colour were measured.

All the blends were successfully extruded over a wide temperature range. As the amount of DDG increased, in general torque, yield and RE decreased, and colour darkened while density and LEI increased. Wheat flour was the base material found to vary most from the above trends.


In European Union's school-contexts, current teaching and learning foreign languages has been continuing a tradition whose roots go back to the nineteenth century when the dominant and overall educational objective was to prepare children for a successful citizen's life within national boundaries. Obviously, the goal does no longer match with pedagogical criteria defined by a Union of 27 states with 24 official languages looking for establishing more European identity. Against this background, the paper discusses the potential impact of foreign language education on fostering "eurocomprehension", i.e. a receptive plurilingualism far beyond the EU's guideline. Hence it is important that as many Europeans as possible should master at least two foreign languages in addition to the mother tongue. The eurocomprehension guideline is crucial because receptive plurilingualism provides the linguistic prerequisites for participating in a multilingual political discourse without which a European democracy will not be possible, as political scientists have pointed out. Given that in representative democracies, legitimate political power derives from citizens' opinions, the paper analyses opinion formation and manipulation as well under the condition of a multilingual public discourse. Finally, the question is raised whether a eurocomprehension targeted supplementary language education can remedy the lack of mutual understanding between EU-citizens, due to language barriers and fragmenting national mainstream opinions, in order to empower Europeans to participate in a common multilingual discourse.


5% ofingested Mn is absorbed and it is rapidly clearedfrom the blood by the liver and excreted in bile. Likeother essential elements, its concentration must becontained within certain limits for optimum fun-ctioning. The relation between manganese intakeand well-being is probably in the form of an invertedU-shaped curve: at lower levels, manifestations ofmanganese deficiency occur, while high levels of Mnexposure are associatedwith neurologic and neurop-sychiatric disorders. To date, we do not know atwhat level of exposure deleterious effects begin tooccur. The dose


Field plot experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of different regional formula fertilizers on growth, nutrient accumulation and yield of late rice in Dongting Lake region. The results showed that applying regionally common formula fertilizer could promote growth and development of late rice, such as there were significant increase in plant height, tiller as well as SPAD value; in contrast to treatment of conventional fertilization of farmers, the accumulation of N, P and K in rice plant applied with regional common formula fertilizer from filling stage to harvest stage can increase by 11.68%~3.49%, 35.29%~55.01% and 19.6%~15.94%, respectively; with regional common formula fertilizer, the yield of late rice was the highest, and it increased by 500 kg/hm2in comparison with conventional fertilization of farmers, and the yield increasing rate reached 4.6%. Therefore it is suggested that the regional common formula fertilizer is suitable for Xiangyin region, which can replace the conventional fertilization of farmers. Comparing three treatments with different formula fertilizers, the results indicated that on the basis of applying regional common formula fertilizer, properly reducing nitrogen fertilizer rate and regulating P and K fertilizer rate is feasible.


The National Survey of Families and Households (NSFH) is a prominent longitudinal study on family life in the United States. NSFH has been funded by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) and National Institute on Aging (NIA). The total amount of federal grant money for NSFH is 14.5 million dollars. Three waves of surveys were conducted in 1987-1988, 19921994 and 2001-2003. According to the ICPSR Related Literature database, there are 1,051 publications based on the NSFH data. Researchers continue to use NSFH to study family living arrangements, marriage, cohabitation, fertility, parenting relations, kin contact and economic and psychological well-being. When the NSFH funding ended in 2006, the Center for Demography of Health and Aging (CDHA) took over providing user support for NSFH. The decision was made because it is important to continue the stewardship of this prominent study. Without the expertise of the original NSFH project team, CDHA staff needs to learn the rich content of NSFH quickly to help NSFH researchers. This paper describes the challenges and rewards we have in the last few years as we play the custodial role for the complex NSFH study. Also, our effective online analysis tool for disseminating NSFH data is explained. And finally, a future plan for repurposing NSFH data is presented.


A prototype encoding technique is proposed which uses spectral magnitude and phase codebooks. It is shown that the phase codebook can be searched based on a simple peak picking procedzlre which results in an implicit alignment of the prototypes. This fast search technique allows f o r the use of relatively large phase codebooks (a 1Lbit codebook is used in the system). Experimental results show significant performance improvement with respect t o systems using direct time-domain vector quantization of the prototype waveforms.


Child development is imperative for sustainable human development of any country. Child development encompasses various dimensions which are related to well-being of children. Children have to be nurtured in a way that they start their life in a best way. Child population in India is one of the largest in the world. During the decade 2001–2011, the population of the country increased in absolute terms while the population of children (0–6 years) decreased. The overall sex ratio showed a trend of improvement but the child sex ratio (0–6 years) showed a declining trend. India is one such country in the world where child mortality rates are alarmingly high. A perceptible decline has been witnessed in infant mortality rate over a period of time but it is still high and a matter of serious concern. Most of the infant deaths take place in the neo-natal stage. Maternal health has close bearing on child health. Key reproductive and child health indicators from National Family Health Survey show the lagging performance in most of the indicators. The prospects of child survival and development are affected by multitude of factors. The high rates of child mortality in India are due to the fact that the concerned factors and their meaningful impact are found to be wanting in many respects.


UV-Vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy are used to test the quality and changes in the composition of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) and canola oil (CO) with temperature. The increase of temperature caused a change in the molecular structures of both types of oils seen as a gradual decrease of intensity amplitudes of absorption and fluorescence signals. A significant alteration occurred at ≈200°C where almost the main spectra of pheophytin-a, b, carotenoids, lutein and vitamin E in EVOO and linoleic acid and oleic acid in CO disappeared. An independent experiment showed the output of laser changes linearly with the input in oil at constant temperature (i.e., room temperature) where the transmission values of ≈33% and ≈75% are determined for EVOO and CO respectively. However, the transmission through a heated oil exhibited a non-linear behaviour which indicates the molecular optical response to thermal changes. The effect of storage time and adulteration of oils were also evaluated.


Nonstandard analysis is a relatively new area of mathematics in which infinitesimal numbers can be defined and manipulated rigorously like real numbers. This report presents a fairly comprehensive tutorial on nonstandard analysis for physicists and engineers with many examples applicable to generalized functions. To demonstrate the power of the subject, the problem of shock wave jump conditions is studied for a one-dimensional compressible gas. It is assumed that the shock thickness occurs on an infinitesimal interval and the jump functions in the thermodynamic and fluid dynamic parameters occur smoothly across this interval. To use conservations laws, smooth pre-distributions of the Dirac delta measure are applied whose supports are contained within the shock thickness. Furthermore, smooth pre-distributions of the Heaviside function are applied which vary from zero to one across the shock wave. It is shown that if the equations of motion are expressed in nonconservative form then the relationships between the jump functions for the flow parameters may be found unambiguously. The analysis yields the classical Rankine-Hugoniot jump conditions for an inviscid shock wave. Moreover, non-monotonic entropy jump conditions are obtained for both inviscid and viscous flows. The report shows that products of generalized functions may be defined consistently using nonstandard analysis; however, physically meaningful products of generalized functions must be determined from the physics of the problem and not the mathematical form of the governing equations.


In this work, we investigated etching characteristics of thin film and Si using inductive coupled plasma(ICP) system. The ion energy distribution functions in an ICP system was analyzed by quadrupole mass spectrometer(QMS) with an electrostatic ion energy analyzer. The maximum etch rate of thin film is 85.5 nm/min at a of 20 % and decreased with further addition of gas. From the QMS measurements, the most dominant positive ion energy distributions(IEDS) showed a maximum at 20 % of . These tendency was very similar to the etch characteristics. This result agreed with the universal energy dependency of ion enhanced chemical etching yields. And the maximum selectivity of over Si is 3.05 at a addition of 2 sccm into the of 20 % plasma.


We analyze merger policy in an industry where firms participate in a non-tournament R&D competition. We conclude that merger policy should be, in general, less restrictive in high technology markets (pharmaceuticals and telecoms), because mergers reduce the wasteful duplication of R&D expenditures. However, merger policy should become more strict in (very) asymmetric market structures. In this case, competition provides incentives for R&D, but, at the same time, duplication is avoided.


17:10). The matter of legacy is the Lord's, and as Dr. Mohler has pointed out, what a Christian leader does (or does not do) will be remembered and will affect those who remain and those who come after the leader, possibly far into the future. Whether that remembrance or mark defined as a legacy endures for a few seconds or for centuries is evidenced by nothing more or less than the perseverance of the saints under the grace of the Lord Jesus Christ. Simple obedience to the Lord is the best that man can do and the result or legacy is purely the prerogative of the Spirit who causes things to grow. Mohler has designed his book to appeal to pastors and other Christian leaders with a straightforward presentation by joining theory and practice drawn autobiographically from his own experiences on the front line. In leadership parlance, traces of trait theory are present; nevertheless,Conviction to Lead is a solid, encouraging, and quick read worthy of a recommendation for Christian leaders. Ultimately a new paradigm is not established; rather, the book is a timeless practical reminder that Christian leaders must first and always strive toward greater maturity in Christ.


The Thyroid gland is a vascular gland and one of the most important organs of a human body. This gland secretes two hormones which help in controlling the metabolism of the body. The two types of Thyroid disorders are Hyperthyroidism and Hypothyroidism. When this disorder occurs in the body, they release certain type of hormones into the body which imbalances the body's metabolism. Thyroid related Blood test is used to detect this disease but it is often blurred and noise will be present. Data cleansing methods were used to make the data primitive enough for the analytics to show the risk of patients getting this disease. Machine Learning plays a very deciding role in the disease prediction. Machine Learning algorithms, SVM support vector machine, decision tree, logistic regression, KNN K-nearest neighbours, ANNArtificial Neural Network are used to predict the patient's risk of getting thyroid disease. Web app is created to get data from users to predict the type of disease. Keywords— SVM, KNN, ANN, Logistic Regression, Flask.


Ten consecutive patients were treated more than five years ago, for small cell carcinoma of the lung in clinical and surgical stages I or 11. Patients underwent ini- tial surgical resection, followed by intensive combination chemotherapy for at least a year, or to limit of tolerance. Four patients were classified as stage 11, T2 N1; 4 had T2 NO; and 2 had T1 NO. One patient (T2 N1) died of tumor recurrence in the central nervous system 14 months after resection. Two died of other causes before five years, one (T2 NO) of a pulmonary embolus on the seventh postopera- tive day, and the other (T2 N1) of carcinoma of the prostate at 50 months. Seven patients (70%) remained well and disease-free at five years postoperation. Two of the 7 died of unrelated causes, one (T2 NO) at 72 months and one (T2 N1) at 108 months. Five remain well at 61 to 112 months after resec- tion. Although this series is small, no reports have shown comparable survival in a defined group of small cell carci- noma patients treated nonoperatively or by surgical resec- tion alone.


This paper presents a practical case-study of using DFT techniques for speed-grading the Motorola MPC7455, a 1 GHz+ microprocessor. The effectiveness of transition fault detection, path-delay AC-scan patterns and array BIST is compared with that of functional patterns for speed-grading the parts. We discuss the capabilities and challenges of using the DFT methods based on production data.


End-stage kidney disease (ESKD) is an increasing worldwide illness that compels patients to accept either dialysis or kidney transplantation that is the best choice because ensures high quality of life. But, living or cadaveric kidney donation is not enough to transplant all ESKD patients in waiting list. For this reason, when a patient receives the renal graft it is necessary to maintain the kidney functioning for all the life. But, this is not true because patients have often inadequate adherence to the immunosuppressive therapy. Therefore, monitoring adherence should be part of the patient care program after kidney transplantation.


An InGaAs large area photodiode has been employed for detection of a-particles in the energy range of 0.412}5.5 MeV. W} value for InGaAs is determined. ="2.94$0.16 eV. ( 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.


1.1 A First Vision..................................................................................................................... 2 1.1.1 The Energy Challenges in Modern Times ................................................................ 2 1.1.2 Characteristics of Electricity.................................................................................... 3 1.1.3 Electrical Energy Systems: The Biggest Industrial System Created by Humankind ........................................................................................... 3 1.1.4 History ................................................................................................................... 4 126.96.36.199 Technological Aspects .............................................................................. 4 184.108.40.206 Organizational Aspects ............................................................................. 6 1.1.5 Environmental Impact ............................................................................................. 7 1.2 The Technological Environment ......................................................................................... 9 1.2.1 Electric Power System Structure.............................................................................. 9 1.2.2 Consumption ........................................................................................................ 10 22.214.171.124 Demand Growth ..................................................................................... 10 188.8.131.52 Demand Profiles ..................................................................................... 13 18.104.22.168 Service Quality ....................................................................................... 15 1.2.3 Generation ............................................................................................................ 16 184.108.40.206 Different Generation Technologies .......................................................... 16 220.127.116.11 The Why's and Wherefore's of a Generation Mix .................................... 20 1.2.4 Transmission ........................................................................................................ 21 188.8.131.52 Power Lines............................................................................................ 22 188.8.131.52 Substations ............................................................................................. 23 1.2.5 Distribution........................................................................................................... 25 1.2.6 Control and Protection .......................................................................................... 25 1.3 The Economic Environment ............................................................................................. 27 1.3.1 The Electric Sector and Economic Activity............................................................ 27 1.3.2 Expansion and Operation in the Traditional Context .............................................. 27 18.104.22.168 Long Term.............................................................................................. 28 220.127.116.11 Medium Term......................................................................................... 29 220.127.116.11 Short Term.............................................................................................. 30 220.127.116.11 Real Time............................................................................................... 31 1.3.3 Expansion and Operation in the New Regulatory Context ...................................... 31 18.104.22.168 Long Term.............................................................................................. 32 184.108.40.206 Medium Term......................................................................................... 32 188.8.131.52 Short Term.............................................................................................. 33 22.214.171.124 Real Time............................................................................................... 33


Because of the advantages of long life for use and low power dissipation,white LED provides a perfect backlight method.Most of white LED drivers consist of either current controlling mode or voltage controlling mode.Current controlling mode white LED driver is hotspot because of its good line regulation and load regulation.Based on 1 MHz current controlling mode white LED driver,combining with the new achievements of relevant research,the small signal analysis of the current controlling mode white LED driver has been analyzed in the paper.Based on the loop gain,the concrete frequency compensation method and parameter design method to meet the need for the compensation have been given.The scheme has been proved useful by the simulation.


One topic under discussion of the analytic hierarchy process is the use of different scales in order to translate judgments into ratios. The author shows that the so-called balanced scale has a uniform weight distribution for two decision criteria only. If it is applied to decision problems with more than two criteria, weights are no longer balanced, and priorities are underweighted. A generalization of the balanced scale is proposed, which takes into account the number of decision criteria. It is shown that the generalized balanced scale yields equally dispersed local weights for any number of decision criteria.


The neuronal responses through excitatory and inhibitory synapses are implemented on a reconfigurable and programmable platform. The synaptic cleft between the pre synaptic and post synaptic neuron has been depicted as a ramp generator while the post synaptic potentials are observed from the transistor channel neuron model which emulates the ion channels in biological neurons. The synaptic strengths are tuned by modulating the charge on the floating gate devices on the hardware demonstrated through particular voltage levels and time constants. The models have been designed and built in such a way that the tools associated with the chip make it possible to build up and compile a bigger network of neurons and synapses. The experimental measurements are taken from the circuits compiled on a Field Programmable Analog Array fabricated on a 350nm process.


In the development of modern and contemporary psychology, scientism research method based on positivism philosophy and epistemology has become the mainstream of psychology development. It is necessary to emphasize the natural scientific characteristics of psychology, which is the reason why it breaks away from the matrix of philosophy. But fundamentally, the essence of psychological phenomenon is information phenomenon, not material phenomenon. Psychology is required by the standard of natural science, which is only applicable to the primary psychological process (input and output of information), therefore, it will lead to the cognitive deviation of the high-level process of psychological phenomena including the structure, function and mechanism of psychological information system and ignore the humanistic characteristics of psychological process. This is the bottleneck of the development of contemporary psychology. Xi Jinping called for six basic characteristics of philosophy and social science with Chinese characteristics: inheritance, nationality, originality, timeliness, systematicness and professionalism. The author of this paper believes that the "originality and timeliness" are the first fundamental; if we carry out the spirit of "informatism", the "subject informatization" of practical psychology, and re-study the object, nature, category, method, paradigm and knowledge framework of psychology, it will inevitably reveal the "universal significance" of psychology. This paper expounds the way of "subject informationization" which breaks through the limitation and bottleneck of contemporary psychology.


Introduction: ANCA associated vasculitis with renal involvement are heterogeneous diseases. Some clinical, laboratory and pathohistological parameters determine severity as well as prognosis and outcomes of the disease. ----- Patients and methods: This study included 108 patients diagnosed with pauciimmune glomerulonephritis between 2003 and 2016. All the patients met the Chapell Hill consensus conference criteria for ANCA associated vasculitis. Patient follow up was minimum one year, until death or loss in follow up or until December 2018. Patients were categorized in clinical, serological and histopathological phenotypes based on gathered clinical, laboratory and pathohistological data. We determined predictors for combined ESRD and mortality outcome (ESRDD) as well as individual, mortality, ESRD and relapse rates. ----- Results: Using Cox regression analysis we found lower hemoglobin levels, leukocyte number, C3 staining in blood vessels and IFTA >50% to be independent negative predictors for ESRDD. We found age, hemoglobin levels and BVAS score to be significant negative predictors for death. Significant negative predictors for ESRD in multivariate analysis were a need for renal replacement therapy and IFTA >50%. Negative predictors of relapse were age, serum creatinine levels, diastolic blood pressure and a need for renal replacement therapy. Interestingly ATO was shown to be or had a strong tendency to be a significant negative predictor in univariate analysis for all the outcome except for relapse. ----- Conclusion: The results of this research proved our hypothesis and showed the importance of detailed multidisciplinary approach to AAV patients, detailed laboratory work-up and correlations of laboratory and clinical findings with pathohistological findings. This study was among few or even the first to show hemoglobin concentrations to be not only clinical aspect of AAV but also the independent predictor of outcomes. Results of our study also pointed out to the need to modify current histopathological classification of AAV associated renal damage to include IFTA since we have shown IFTA >50% to be an independent negative predictor for ESRDD, ESRD. We have also shown that the acute tubular damage is significant negative predictor for all the outcomes except for the relapse, in univariate analysis.


This paper studies the matching of workers within the (cid:133)rm when the productivity of workers depends on how well they match with their co-workers. The (cid:133)rm acts as a coordinating device and derives value from this role. It is shown that a worker(cid:146)s contribution to (cid:133)rm value changes over time in a non-trivial way as co-workers are replaced by new workers. The paper derives optimal hiring and replacement policies, including an optimal stopping rule, and characterizes the resulting equilibrium in terms of worker (cid:135)ows, (cid:133)rm output and the distribution of (cid:133)rm values. Simulations of the model reveal a rich pattern of worker turnover dynamics and their connections to the resulting (cid:133)rm values distribution. The paper stresses the role of horizontal di⁄erences in worker productivity, which are di⁄erent from vertical, assortative matching issues. It derives the rent from organizational capital, with worker complementarities playing a key role. We compare the model to match-speci(cid:133)c productivity models and explore the essential di⁄erences, with the em-phasis laid on worker interactions and complementarities.


ABSTRACT The Governance Committee (GC) is responsible for overseeing the effective functioning of the board of directors, but no previous research has been done on the GC process. Through in-depth ...


This paper presents a principle and method for building up the mathematical models of the quasi-geoid with high resolution and high accuracy by GPS leveling in Binjiang ,Hangzhou.


Hydrogels have been widely applied in the fields of biology, medicine, soft materials and flexible/wearable devices owing to their superior biocompatibility and their versatile physicochemical properties. Although multiple chemical and physical methods have been proposed to functionalize hydrogels, endowing hydrogels with multi-properties/functionalities utilizing few components is still a challenge. This paper describes a simple and effective method to functionalize polymeric hydrogels with carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles (CMC@Fe3O4 NPs). The as-prepared metallogels exhibit good self-healing ability, ionic conductivity, photo-thermal transformability and magnetic field responsiveness. A triple functional sensor was built up to prove the universal viability of this metallogel toward functional devices.


The distance is less than 1 km between the Cihaxia Dam and Duozonglongwa gully which is at the left bank of the Yellow River.The debris flow posed threat to the construction and operation of the dam,and to the local people's life and property.In order to formulate a reasonable debris flow prevention and control plan and engineering design,the debris flow was evaluated by quantitative comprehensive evaluation method and fuzzy mathematics comprehensive evaluation method,based on the detailed research about Duozonglongw debris flow.The result of quantitative comprehensive evaluation shows that the Duozonglongwa debris flow is a slight prone debris flow.The result of fuzzy mathematics comprehensive evaluation shows that there are slight differences among the degree of membership.And the slight prone occupies the important position.The comprehensive analysis shows that the Duozonglongwa gully more likely tends to be slightly prone debris flow characteristics,but also has the characteristics of easy prone tendency.


Category 10-8 pts 7-5 pts 4-2 pts 1-0 pts Score Poster Abstract Abstract strongly presents the student's research and includes a concise, clear argument for the value and findings of the research Abstract adequately presents the student's research but lacks some key information Abstract somewhat presents the research but did not contain sufficient information Abstract is not clearly connected to the research poster or presentation.


This article describes developments in measuring railway track defects in the UK. Mechanised measurement provides greater objectivity and consistency than manual and visual inspection and improves worker safety. Four inspection areas are track and line geometry, component condition, off-track infrastructure, and rail integrity. Track geometry and off-track infrastructure, including overhead lines, are inspected by the New Measurement Train (NMT) with a suite of measurement technology, and also by unmanned units mounted on normal service trains. Some elements of component condition monitoring still require manual inspection. The engineering support centre in Derby carries out post-run data processing and analysis. The unmanned geometry measuring system (UGMS) is being expanded in 2004 to cover much of the high speed network, freeing the NMT for video component condition monitoring. The UGMS was introduced in a trial region from 2003 and was found to be as efficient as the NMT with advantages of greater frequency in measuring. A further element of inspection is ultrasonic rail flaw detection, from train-based and track-based devices.


Abstract : The hyperbolic frequency-modulated (HFM) waveform has been used in experimental and scientific low-frequency sonar systems because it possesses the pulse compression property and is Doppler-tolerant. This report presents a class of HFM waveforms that possess a flat spectrum, and as such is useful for the direct measurement of a target frequency response and the development of classification algorithms


The Multiple Depots, Multiple Traveling Salesmen Problem extends the well-known Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) to cases where there are several traveling salesmen originating from various initial locations (depots). We are interested in a variant of this problem, in which there is no constraint on visiting all the cities, but rather each city offers a benefit value associated with visiting it, and the goal is to maximize the profit by the team of salesmen. We propose a solution based on economic markets, and show that it is capable of producing near-optimal results at a much faster runtime relative to a solution based on Binary Programming.


The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a laminate having a metal film wherein the formation of nodules is inhibited. This method for manufacturing a laminate having a metal film is provided with the following steps: a plating-target-layer formation step in which a plating-target-layer formation composition containing a polymer containing a prescribed functional group is used to form a plating-target layer on a substrate; an aqueous-alkaline-solution contact step in which an aqueous alkaline solution containing a prescribed component is brought into contact with the plating-target layer; a catalyst-application step in which plating catalyst or a precursor therefor is applied to the plating-target layer from which uncured parts have been removed; and a plating step in which plating is performed, forming a metal film on the plating-target layer.


According to an embodiment of the present invention, the knee brace includes an upper rod worn on the thigh of the wearer; A lower rod worn on the tibia of the wearer; And a rotating unit connecting the lower end of the upper rod and the upper end of the lower rod and guiding the rotation of the upper rod and the lower rod, wherein the rotating unit is rotatable on the upper side of the upper rod. And a hinge member connected to the upper end of the lower rod so as to be rotatable on the lower side, and the lower side of the hinge member moves toward the other side when the upper side of the hinge member moves toward one side. Hinge member, guide plate, upper piece, lower piece, upper stopper, lower stopper, 6 degree of freedom


1) Information should be derived from user specifications. Design intent is not explicit in programming languages such as Java, C, and C++. Therefore, without annotations or rules defined by programmers, an analysis tool could not analyze the consistency between design and implementation with assurance. 2) Specifications should be lightweight and easy to write. If the rules for specification are complex and burdensome to users, the users will be reluctant to use the analysis tool. At the worst case, time for specification may be much larger than time for manual code inspection. 3) Just by modifying specifications, without accessing source code, different kinds of property analyses should be available.


Field experiments were conducted in 2011 and 2012 cropping seasons in the Teaching and Research Farm of Delta State University, Asaba Campus, Nigeria to assess some growth and yield indices of six varieties of watermelon (Sugar baby, Charleston gray, Crimson sweet, Green gold, Jubilee, and Ice box) in Asaba area of Delta State, Nigeria. The experiments were carried out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replicates. Four parameters were assessed to achieve the objectives of the study-vine length, number of leaves/plant, number of branches /plant, and weight of fruits at 75 days after sowing. The results of the two-year evaluation indicated that Sugar baby variety was superior at 4, 6, and 8 weeks in the parameters tested with mean vine length of 63.4 cm, 133.1 cm, and 181.1 cm, respectively; mean number of leaves/plant of 30.5, 33.5 and 40.4 respectively; mean number of branches/plant of 5.0, 6.0, and 7.0, respectively; and mean weight of fruits of 1315.43 t ha-1 at 75 days after sowing in 2011 and 2012. Based on the findings of this study, it was recommended that farmers in the study area grow Sugar baby variety for increased growth and yield of watermelon. Tropical Agricultural Research and Extension 16(4): 2013: page 123-129


Previous studies have demonstrated that the high-latitude ionospheric convection is strongly influenced by the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) direction. However, the temporal details of how the convection transitions from one state to another are still not understood completely. In this study, we analyze an interval on 12 September 2014 which provided a rare opportunity to examine dynamic variations in the dayside convection throat as the IMF transitioned from strong B y + to strong B z + . Between 18:00 and 20:00 UT the northward face of the Resolute Bay Incoherent Scatter Radar (RISR-N) rotated through the noon sector and directly measured strengthening reverse convection flows in the dayside throat region that peaked at ∼ 2800 m/s. Near-simultaneous measurements from DMSP satellites confirm the magnitude of the reverse convection and its proximity to the cusp. Time series comparison of the RISR-N north-south flows with the IMF B z component shows a remarkably high correlation, suggestive of strong linear coupling, with no sign of velocity saturation. Likewise, the east-west flow variations were highly correlated with the changes in IMF B y . However, time-lagged correlation analysis reveals that the IMF B y influence acted on a time scale 10 min shorter than that of the B z component. As a consequence, the manner in which the convection transitioned from the strong B y + condition to the strong B z + condition is inconsistent with either the antiparallel or component reconnection models. Instead, we suggest that these particular observations are consistent with two separate reconnection sites on the magnetopause driven independently by the IMF B y and B z components.


The dimension of soil augers needed to sample a seed bank of Chenopodium spp. (lamb's-quarters) was determined by randomly sampling a 1.35-ha area within a cornfield in Oxford County, Ontario. Samp...


Abstract Conventional acinar prostatic carcinomas are dependent on the androgen receptor (AR) to proliferate. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is a common treatment for prostate cancers that have metastasized and is also being administered as first-line therapy with or without radiation therapy for intermediate- or high-risk disease. Cancers that recur after initially responding to ADT, or castration-resistant prostatic carcinomas (CRPCs), have a poor prognosis and are more likely to show divergent differentiation than de novo carcinomas. This review will present four cases of CRPC to highlight the morphologic spectrum, discuss effects of ADT on prostatic tumors, and discuss neuroendocrine prostatic tumors.


The seeming dichotomy between the protection of biodiversity and the supply of ecosystem services (ESs) represents an outstanding field of research that requires a structured and detailed analysis. The paper analyzes and discusses the role of ESs within spatial planning and strategic environmental assessment (SEA) procedures through the content analysis methodology and a logical framework (LF) implemented into the SEA of municipal masterplans (MMPs). We discuss the role of ESs as factors that improve the effectiveness of SEA-based processes related to management plans (MPs) of sites that belong to the Sardinian Natura 2000 Network with reference to their positive impacts on environmental quality. The empirical outcomes put in evidence the inconsistencies between MMPs and MPs in terms of sustainability-oriented objectives and potential losses of the ESs productive output due to measures adopted by the MPs in order to protect habitats and species. The scant attention paid to ESs in the operational context of MMPs, MPs and SEA reports, particularly as regards their regulative framework, entails that the issue of the protection of ESs has to be carefully taken into account within the process of the definition and establishment of MPs through an SEA report that integrates the MPs and MMPs LFs.


The research was conducted in the years 1998–2001. The aim of the research was to determine the health of the field pea cv. Kormoran grown in four various crop rotations and to determine the patogens causing the root-rot. On the pea plants the following diseases were found: root rot (complex of fungi), ascochyta blight ( Ascochyta pisi , Phoma pinodella , Mycospaerella pinodes ) and fusarium foot rot ( Fusarium spp.). All the diseases occurred in the highest intensity on the pea cultivated in three-field crop rotation without manure. The weather conditions affected the intensity of the diseases. From the roots of seedlings with the symptoms of root rot 44,7% of fungi with pathogenic potential in relation to pea were obtained. The most commonly isolated were Fusarium oxysporum (26,7% of all isolates), Rhizoctonia solani (10,7%), F.s olani (3,3%), F. avenaceum (2,7%) and F. equiseti (1,3%). From the infected root necks, 55,3% of potential pathogens of field pea were obtained. Among the isolates the most commonly found was F.oxysporum (31,1% of all isolates). Other fungi of the Fusarium genus constituted 15,4% of isolates, R. solani 7,0%, and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum 1,8%.


Link failure caused by node mobility is a common feature of multi-hop, wireless ad hoc networks. With a reactive routing protocol such as AODV (ad hoc on-demand distance vector), this leads to increased delay and routing overheads while route repair procedures are carried out. We present a strategy called router handoff wherein a node that detects one of its links weakening preemptively hands off routing information to a suitably situated node. This results in routing around the weak link and prevents the route from being broken. Our simulation results show that this approach leads to increased throughput and reduced routing overheads in most cases.


The dynamics of explosion and its use , The dynamics of explosion and its use , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی


In this paper,the finite element software ANSYS is used to analyze the stress and strain distribution of the sleeve stage-separation connecting appliances in the process of stable placed,max overloaded and separating by means of building reasonable simplified model.The calculated results indicate there are stress concentration in the cut-bolt and the bolt hole.Von Mises stress in separation process along with friction is larger than that of the former two conditions,the biggest of which is around the booster hole at the beginning and then transferred to the contact boundary.All the results conform with the theory and experience,so we can get a reference for the designing of stage-separation connecting appliances.


An approximate expression for the inherent error associated with the direct calibration of conventional resonant PD (partial discharge) measurement circuitry has been derived. This relation defines an equivalent charge transfer ratio (ECTR), i.e. the ratio between actual and nominal charges transferred to an insulation test specimen, which explicitly shows the dependence of the direct calibration error on the magnitude of the calibrator coupling capacitor and the stray capacitance of the PD detection network. If the parasitic test loop capacitance is carefully estimated, then the ECTR can be determined and the direct calibration data scaled accordingly to yield a superior calibration. The expression is used to calculate the percent error for the calibration of a commercial resonant PD detector that is typical of industrial apparatus, and the results are compared to laboratory measurements and a computer model.<<ETX>>


This paper assesses and evaluates motives and satisfactions of Korean outbound travelers. Accordingly. the purpose of this paper is to identify correlations between motive factors and satisfaction factors and to investigate differences of motive and satisfaction factors: and demographic variables respectively. The implications are suggested according to the findings of statistical results. It is necessary, however, to study more traveler's travel behavior and attitude for more systematic research.


The article attempts an analysis of the so called common sense . It points to its advantages and disadvantages for the process of social world cognition. In its first part, it concentrates on selected philosophical concepts that disprove the meaning of informal reasoning. Further, the category of common sense is presented as a threat to political thought and reflection. In its second part, the article concentrates on philosophical concepts that value the influence of practical knowledge on construing identity of an individual and human cognition.


Value creation is the essence of effective firm strategies as well as the primary source of their advantage over market institutions (Moran and Ghoshal, 1996). The source of this advantage, we argue, lies in their ability to develop dense social capital which facilitates the creation of intellectual capital and, therefrom, of new value.


An 86yearold man presented with multiple, asymptomatic tense, white bullae over bilateral toes (Figure, A) one week after a resolved episode of acute gouty arthritis. White, chalklike material expressed from the bullae demonstrated monosodium urate crystals that exhibited strong negative birefringence by light microscopy (Figure, B; the white arrow shows the axis of the red compensator). Bullous tophi are an unusual presentation of gout. As patients can be asymptomatic with normal serum urate concentrations, diagnosis is aided by identifying monosodium urate crystals from chalky urate.1 Manual compression was done to drain the bullae after making a superficial needle puncture, and uratelowering therapy prevented recurrence.


As a kind of conveyance for ocean engineering, semi-submersible ship is paid more and more attention in the growing ocean engineering market. This article describes the structural characteristics of semi-submersible ship.


The college students of the 1950s were characterized—and reproached—as "the silent generation." There was, to be sure, a certain kind of silence; but, as one who was teaching during those years either in California or New York, I remember it as mysterious, the quasi-silence of a simmering pot.This article can also be found at the Monthly Review website, where most recent articles are published in full.Click here to purchase a PDF version of this article at the Monthly Review website.


Children's Literature Rites of Passage in Picture Books for Children: Isolation and Inhumanity as Factors for Character Development in Picture Books for Young Children (62) Reviving Ophelia? Female Adolescent Experience in Young Adult Literature (221) Magic Realism and Children's Literature (381) Perspectives on Poetry and Verse for Children: Defining the Genre (587) Children's Literature and the Epistolary Tradition (740)


In this paper, training design is studied for a single relay amplify-and-forward cooperative network. The taps of the frequency selective channels are assumed to be correlated and OFDM modulation is used for transmission. Based on the least squares (LS) criterion, conditions for pilot tone positioning and a number of power allocation schemes are described. Analytical closed-form power allocation expressions are provided for both the source and the relay. The theoretical results are fully corroborated by simulations.


Summary The lack of antigenicity of purified pneumococcal polysaccharide and dextran in guinea pigs has been demonstrated. Both the methods used for immunization and detection of antibody have been shown to be quite good for the other systems.


Overall speaking, the people of Wuzhou are quite active and open-minded with very strong consciousness of trade and business, however they are somewhat conservative and self-sufficient with the current wealth and easy life. The superior natural resources and good tradition of doing business endow them sense of pride, while the old idea prevents them from forming pioneering spirit . To construct the East Gate of Guangxi needs the people of Wuzhou to renew their old concept and to keep pace with the times.