Background: Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) overexpression has been reported in 15%-20% of breast cancers and is associated with shorter survival and worse clinical outcome. Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC), a very aggressive subtype of advanced breast cancer, accounts for approximately 2% of all breast cancers and 8%-10% of all breast cancer-related deaths in the United States. Recent study represented that about 60% of IBCs overexpress HER2. Although there are effective HER2-targeted agents, patients with HER2+ breast cancer often have intrinsic and acquired resistance to the anti-HER2 agents that are currently approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Therefore, novel combination strategies are needed to treat HER2+ breast cancers that develop drug resistance. To this end, we investigated the combinational effect of entinostat, an oral isoform-selective histone deacetylase type I inhibitor, and lapatinib, a HER2/epidermal growth factor receptor dual tyrosine kinase inhibitor, in HER2+ inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) and non-IBC breast cancer cells. Methods: We assessed the combinational synergistic effect and its mechanism via CellTiter Blue assay, flow cytometry, anchorage-independent growth, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, small interfering RNA, Western blotting, and mammary fat pad xenograft mouse models. Results: We found that compared with entinostat or lapatinib alone, the two drugs in combination synergistically inhibited tumor cell proliferation (P Citation Format: Jangsoon Lee, Chandra Bartholomeusz, Gabriel N Hortobagyi, Peter Ordentlich, Naoto T Ueno. A class I histone deacetylase inhibitor, entinostat, enhances lapatinib efficacy in both HER2-overexpressing inflammatory and non-inflammatory breast cancer cells through FOXO3-mediated Bim1 expression [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Seventh Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2014 Dec 9-13; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(9 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-14-01.


Analyses of the community college have not, in recent years, been in short supply. Many of the studies, discussions, and prognostications have been useful and provocative; certainly none has been ill intentioned. In any literature, however, excessive repetition of a favored idea can result in its entrenchment; and conventional ideas, as Charles Dickens remarked, are not to be trusted. One such idea, entrenched through repetition, is the conviction that the Ph.D. degree is generally inappropriate for a faculty member teaching in a twoyear college. Because this idea is the kind which shapes policyhiring policy in this case-it deserves reconsideration. The extent to which this idea has affected hiring policy is evident in a recent study of hiring patterns by the American Council on Education. The study reports that over 50 per cent of first-time, full-time faculty hired by fouryear institutions in 1976-77 had, or would soon receive, the doctorate degree. At the two-year colleges, however, the comparable figure is about 11 per cent. In those data there is no great surprise. To be sure, the 11 per cent represents an increase over previous years.1 What is more interesting is that,


Due to diminishing petroleum reserves and the environmental negative effects of exhaust gases from diesel engines, alternative fuels for diesel engines are becoming increasingly important Egyptian waste cooking oils have special specifications because it expose to high temperatures during use for long hours. In the present experimental study, the performance and emissions of a four strokes, single cylinder, air cooled diesel engine fuelled with two different biodiesel from Egyptian used cooking oil (palm and sunflower) are evaluated at different speeds. The measured performance parameters include torque, fuel consumption and exhaust gas temperature. Brake power, brake specific fuel consumption and brake thermal efficiency was calculated using the measured test data The emission parameters include carbon monoxide, particulate matter and the oxides of nitrogen. The tests have been carried out with different blends of B5 to B100 of biodiesel with diesel fuel. The results showed that the engine performance with the palm biodiesel blend B5 is closed to diesel fuel also, for B5 CO emission decreased from 53 to 70% while NOx emission decreased from 13 to 80% compared to diesel fuel.


Competition between companies increasing lystringent After passing through the era of the global marketing 2013. In marketing its products, a company must be able to make the right  target.  The  growth  of  information  technology is currently widely hange the marketing system as well as the sale of a product.  By sitting in front of a computer, a person can obtain marketing information products.  This is a benefit of adannya website as ameans of promotion.  Marketing system which runs today by working with government and private agencies toprint blank certificate. Because the price in this printing is cheaper compared to other printing, so many companies are throwing colleagues workto hare thework.  The existing system is less optimal, because the existing customers only among peer printing only. This study aims to create a Web-Based Marketing Applications with  programming JSP (Java  Server Pages). With this website is expected to help the company in introducing his own efforts so that customers can directly orderto CV Action circum ference. Keywords: Aplikasipemasaran, CV.LingkarAksiUngaran, JSP(Java Server Pages).


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In this paper, we characterize bounded and compact multiplier operators M u on the general Hardy type spaces H p , q , s ( B n ) . Moreover, we also study bounded and compact composition operators C ϕ from H p , q , s ( B n ) to H ∞ q + np ( B n ) .


As the existence value of customers increases in corporate management activities, the need for customer-centered management is on the rise. The purpose of this study is to propose a framework that companies can use in practice to develop a customer centered management system. To this end, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province Development Corporation(JPDC)'s customer centered management cases were defined as 79 detailed activities and the types were classified. Although JPDC is a public enterprise, it sells general consumer good, bottled water called "Jeju Samdasoo" and has been certified for Consumer Centered Management in 2022, so it was judged to be an appropriate company to use in developing a framework of implementing customer centered management. As a result, the framework consisting of strategy establishment, system establishment, process operation, and product/service improvement was derived. In addition, 13 employees of the JPDC were used as subjects and, as a result of receiving and analyzing surveys belonging to which types of 79 activities, the reliability of the framework presented in this study was secured. We expect the suggested framework of implementing customer centered management will improve understanding of customer centered management and present a direction of business strategy.


As an emerging product of the coupling of digital technique and traditional finance, digital inclusive finance (DIF) may play a vital role in alleviating the contradiction between economic growth and environmental contamination. This paper utilises the panel data from various provinces in China as a sample to empirically test the effect of DIF on industrial pollution. The study found that (1) DIF and its sub-dimension coverage (DIF_B) and depth of use (DIF_D) have significant governance effects on industrial pollution, and the conclusion remains valid even when endogeneity is considered; (2) the mediation effect test found that the upgrading of the industrial structure and the degree of technological innovation are important transmission paths for DIF to reduce industrial pollution; (3) the heterogeneity test found that the effect of DIF on industrial pollution control successively showed a pattern of weakening in the centre, eastern, and western regions, while the treatment effect of DIF on industrial wastewater is better than that of industrial waste gas, and the effect on industrial solid pollutant emissions has a U-shaped non-linear relation that is first suppressed and then promoted; (4) the threshold effect test found that DIF, DIF_B, and DIF_D all have a double threshold effect on industrial pollution. Based on the empirical outcomes, this paper proposes measures to improve the development mechanism of DIF, formulate differentiated monetary support and oversight policies under local conditions, and build and enhance the supervision mechanism of the digital financial industry and prevent systemic risks.


The Information Technology world is developing so
fast and it is been reported that Open Source tools will eventually
take over proprietary tools in no to distant future. The Open
Source Community is integrating its products with that of the
proprietary ones and the integration of Windows machines into
Linux network is evident of such practices. The purpose of this
project is to implement Samba with OpenLDAP in a simulated
environment. This implementation is conducted within a virtual
environment by simulating the setup of Linux and Windows
Operating systems by reducing physical setup of machines.
Samba will act as an interface between Linux and Windows, files
will be accessible to both server and client. OpenLDAP stores the
user accounts and configuration files. A performance test carried
out on Samba determining effect on CPU power and Memory
usage shows a decrease in the CPU power and an increase in
Memory usage.


The article shows that asymmetric elasticity theory does not comply with energy conservation law. This casts doubts on all results based on this theory, and indicates the necessity for thorough experimental verification of the theory.


[Objective] To investigate the relationship between physical health and training status of rural left-behind children and non left-behind children in north Jiangsu,provide reference for constructing rural left-behind health management mode and carrying out corresponding countermeasures.[Method] With cluster sampling method and questionnaire survey method,physical indicators and training status of 637 students whose ages between 15 and 16 from grade 3 in rural middle schools were investigated.The health status of left-behind children and non left-behind children were evaluated by the indices of BMI,Rohrer and Quetelet.[Result] The rate of overweight and obesity of left-behind children is significantly lower than that of non left-behind children in rural regions(P0.05),and the rate of boys is significantly higher than that of girls;The rate of emaciation of the left-behind children is substantially higher than that of the non left-behind children in rural regions(P0.01).In addition,there exist the situation that exercise,exercise time and housework are less for left-behind children,but with no significant differences between the left-behind children and the non left-behind children in rural regions(P0.05).[Conclusion] It is not optimistic that the situation of physical health of the left-behind children in rural regions whose exercise and exercise time remain to strengthen and deserves attention.


Hard-drawn copper stranded wires are used as feeders in electric railways. Maintenance of these wires relies on a life time management method, in which their replacement period is estimated by visual inspection and so on. In this method we often make mistakes in estimating their replacement time, in consequence causing wire breaks. Following the development of a device for detecting the deterioration of hard-drawn aluminum stranded wires, the demand is mounting for examining the detectability of deterioration of hard-drawn copper stranded wires. Investigation and tests have been successfully executed to develop a device for detecting the deterioration of hard-drawn copper stranded wires by eddy current.


Our country present oneself governed has promulgated a series of laws and regulations surely、Standard standard,But in engineering construction legal framework and in project quality surveillance system's perfect degree,Compares with the developed country also has certain disparity.Moreover in engineering construction process、Has disease which the gauge does not follow.Therefore the author acts according to own research,Thought that our country construction project quality control also has some problems to remain unresolved.


This supplement has its origins on May 15, 2003, when the National Human Genome Center at Howard University held a small but important workshop in Washington DC. The workshop, Human Genome Variation and 'Race', and this special issue of Nature Genetics were proposed by scientists at Howard University and financially supported by the Genome Programs of the US Department of Energy, through its Office of Science; the Irving Harris Foundation; the National Institutes of Health, through the National Human Genome Research Institute; and Howard University. As summarized by Francis Collins, director of the National Human Genome Research Institute, the workshop focused on several key questions: ''What does the current body of scientific information say about the connections among race, ethnicity, genetics and health? What remains unknown? What additional research is needed? How can this information be applied to benefit human health? How might this information be applied in nonmedical settings? How can we adopt policies that will achieve beneficial societal outcomes?'' This supplement, supported by the Department of Energy through a grant to Howard University, contains articles based on the presentations at this workshop.


The article deals with «Historians' Dispute», one of the most important discussions in Germany after the Second World War. This dispute was about estimating the Naziregime, finding out grounds and consequences of the Nazism and unleashing the Second World War. The author devotes special attention to an issue of the Nazi descendants' responsibility for the crimes committed by their ancestors.


This essay reviews the following works: Constitutional Change and Transformation in Latin America. Edited by Richard Albert, Carlos Bernal, and Juliano Zaiden Benvindo. Chicago: Hart Publishing, 2019. Pp. 304. $96.72 hardcover. ISBN: 9781509923502. The Politics of Institutional Weakness in Latin America. Edited by Daniel M. Brinks, Steven Levitsky, and María Victoria Murillo. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2020. Pp. 359. $34.99 paperback. ISBN: 9781108702331. Constituents before Assembly: Participation, Deliberation, and Representation in the Crafting of New Constitutions. By Todd A. Eisenstadt, A. Carl LeVan, and Tofigh Maboudi. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2018. Pp. xxii + 200. $34.99 paperback. ISBN: 9781316619551. A Revolution in Fragments: Traversing Scales of Justice, Ideology, and Practice in Bolivia. By Mark Goodale. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2019. Pp. 320. $27.95 paperback. ISBN: 9781478006527. Only the People Can Save the People: Constituent Power, Revolution, and Counterrevolution in Venezuela. By Donald V. Kingsbury. Albany: State University of New York Press, 2018. Pp. xix + 210. $32.95 paperback. ISBN: 9781438469645. Paths for Cuba: Reforming Communism in Comparative Perspective. Edited by Scott Morgenstern, Jorge Pérez-López, and Jerome Branche. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2019. Pp. 408. $$37.95 paperback. ISBN: 9780822965497. Chile Constitucional. By Juan Luis Ossa Santacruz. Santiago de Chile: Fondo de Cultura Económica Chile and Centro de Estudios Públicos. Pp. 133. $12.00 paperback. ISBN: 9789562892056. Assessing the Left Turn in Ecuador. Edited by Francisco Sánchez and Simón Pachano. Cham, Switzerland: Palgrave Macmillan, 2020. Pp. 403. $149.99 hardcover. ISBN: 9783030276249.


In mice, susceptibility to the mammary tumour agent (Bittner virus) decreases with advancing age. With the newly developed technique of transplantation of the mammary gland and of complete extirpation of all mammary glands, the role of the host and of the mammary gland with regard to the decreased susceptibility towards the mammary tumour agent was investigated. The experiments were done with female hybrids (♀ O20 × ♂ DBAf) F1. The susceptibility to the mammary tumour agent was determined by the percentage of mammary tumours which appeared in the transplanted glands. Comparison was made between the tumour incidence in young mammary glands transplanted into both young and old hosts and in old mammary glands transplanted into young and old hosts. Both the age of the host and the age of the mammary gland are determining factors in the development of mammary tumours. With advancing age of the host and advancing age of the mammary gland, tumour incidence in the mammary gland decreases and the induction time is longer under otherwise equal conditions.


. Abstract: Death in custody is an issue that affects everyone and is among the cruelest practices used by humans. Imagine the case where the defender of people violates the law of human rights; that is one of the most hor-rific crimes committed against the whole human race. Custody is being under guardianship. There is faith believe police are there for their safety and that they are abusing their power. There are several provisions in the Indian Constitution and statute law that safeguard the rights of pris-oners, including the following: Articles 20(1) and (3), 21, 22, etc. Additional statutory provisions include Sections 300, 330, 331, and 348 of the Indian Penal Code, Sections 56, 57, 76, 161, 146, and 167 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, and Sections 24, 145, and 114B of the Indian Evidence Act of 1872. This article primarily focuses on the subject of custody death, different measures to limit police authority in connection to custodial death using law commission findings, court rulings, and finally, proposed measures to reduce custodial death. Intro-duction: One is considered to have died in custody if they pass away while being looked after by the police, other authorities, or a jail. To-day's specialists are routinely accused of exploiting their expertise, neglecting it, harboring prejudice, and hiding the reasons of these fatalities. Death in jail is still a contentious issue. In order to get the best account, pressure and torture are frequently used against detain-ees' fundamental rights in India. Consistency is a hallmark of police operations. A twisted emotional bond develops between the victim


Starch hydrolysis process is the method used in the conversion of starch to glucose from starch material such as Giant Taro (Alocasia Macrorrhiza) using acid catalyst. In this study starch hydrolysis of Giant Taro using hydrochloric acid catalyst is divided into three stages of continuous process that aims to obtain a good pH and temperature on starch hydrolysis process of Giant Taro and studying the kinetics process of starch hydrolysis of Giant Taro into glucose. The experiments were performed using a fixed variable, namely particle size of starch 20 mesh, the ratio of raw material to water is 1:30 (g starch / ml of water), stirring speed 200 rpm and reaction time 60 minutes.There are two random variables i.e. pH 2, 3, 4, 5 and temperature of reaction 500C, 600C, 700C, 800C, 900C. Results of hydrolysis were analyzed using the DNS method to determine glucose levels. The result showed good pH at pH 4 and temperature at 900C, the reaction rate constant k is 9,139x10-4/min and reaction rate equation of hydrolysis is CA = 0,03740164. e- 0,0009139. t.


Objective
To analyze the relationship between serum homocysteine (Hcy) level and vascular stenosis degree of cerebral infarction diagnosed by CT angiography (CTA).

Methods
378 patients with cerebral infarction treated at our hospital from February, 2016 to February, 2017 were enrolled into this study and were given CTA and serum Hcy test. The CTA results were counted; and the relationship between Hcy and vascular stenosis degree of cerebral infarction diagnosed by CTA was analyzed.

Results
There were 341 cases of vascular stenosis or occlusion detected by CTA in the 378 patients, with a detection rate of 90.21%. 85 cases got light vascular stenosis, 91 cases moderate, 103 cases severe, and 62 cases occlusion. 25 cases had vascular stenosis or occlusion in extracranial artery, 86 cases in intracranial artery, and 230 cases in intracranial and extracranial arteries. The determination of offending vessels showed that the extracranial artery stenosis or occlusion mainly happened in the initial part of intracranial artery; the intracranial part was mainly in middle cerebral artery and intracranial artery siphon; and the intracranial and extracranial part was mainly in the initial part of intracranial artery, middle cerebral artery and intracranial artery siphon and intracranial vertebral artery. The more serious the vascular stenosis degree was, the higher the Hcy level and the incidence of hyperhomocysteinemia were (P<0.05).

Conclusions
Serum Hcy level positively correlates with vascular stenosis degree of cerebral infarction diagnosed by CTA. Serum Hcy level may have a certain value in determining vascular stenosis degree.

Key words:
Serum homocysteine; CT angiography; Vascular stenosis; Cerebral infarction; Relationship analysis


The South African business sector is trying to make up for government's poorly implemented HIV / Aids policies by spending millions of rands on internal HIV / Aids initiatives.


Knowledge of the protective effect of folic acid against neural tube defects has led to concerted public health campaigns to promote folic acid supplementation. Despite these efforts, periconceptional supplementation rates remain suboptimal in the U.S. To examine whether folic acid has other benefits in neurodevelopment, investigators in Norway — a country that does not fortify foods with folic acid — prospectively evaluated the association between maternal report of folic acid supplementation early in pregnancy and language delay …


The Population Health Approach, as described by Health Canada, addresses two major components of population health practice. Firstly, the need for the full spectrum of health determinants to be linked to the health outcomes at a population level. Secondly, the comprehensive analysis of these health determinants, in association with the health outcomes, to systematically identify the vulnerability of the population, so that policies can be specif-ically developed and programs appropriately planned, delivered and eval- uated. The British Columbia Ministry of Health (BCMOH) is developing a comprehensive health geographical information system (HGIS) to support the practice of population health. Through GIS's special functionality, mul-tiple sources of information can be integrated and related to both health determinants and health outcomes at the population level. As a result, this HGIS acts as an information repository through which data can be retrieved for comprehensive population-based analysis. HGIS also serves as an im-portant tool for the presentation of complex data. Putting information in a spatial context allows decision-makers to focus on populations and their communities. This presentation will briefly introduce BCMOH's HGIS with a focus on the integration of routinely collected health related data, and show the preliminary results of one of the sub-projects, residential care facility planning, that is based on this system. Reliable residence information may be a key in investigating the relation- ship between early-life environmental exposures and the subsequent risk of breast cancer in adulthood. We conducted a study comparing the location of addresses recorded in birth certificate with self-reported addresses from the Western New York Exposures and Breast Cancer Study (WEB Study). Subjects (n ¼ 313) were randomly selected from the WEB study participants born in the study area, and their birth addresses were obtained from the certificates intake above 30 grams/ day. HR of baseline intake between 30 and 45 g/day was 1.33 (95% CI, 0.92–1.93) compared to non-drinkers, and 1.75 (1.24–2.46) for cumulative intake. Cumulative intake above 45 g/day was associated with an 87% increased risk. The influence of changing alcohol intake 1986–1990 on the risk 1990–2000 was nearly significant; HR for increasing intake from (cid:4) 30 to > 30 g/day was 1.69 (0.96–2.96). Alcohol frequency was weakly associated with risk. The risk decreased when inferring longer lag times between exposure and outcome. The different approaches yielded minor differences, which may be attributable to measurement error when only including one measurement of alcohol intake during long follow-up. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure from sunlight has been linked to skin cancer, but UV may potentially reduce the incidence of other cancers. To improve questionnaire-based assessment of UV exposure for the study of skin and other cancers, we investigated how well time outdoors is recalled and what factors affect recall. We targeted 125 radiologic technologists who volunteered to record hours spent outdoorsin a 7-daydiary. The participants were evenly split by sex, age (40–59 yrs and 60 þ yrs) and geographic area (north and south). Six months later, participants completed a mailed ques-tionnaire of the number of hours outdoors recorded in the 7-day diary. We tested agreement between the questionnaires and diaries with the Spearman and the Kappa weighted (K w ) coefficients. The time spent outdoors com- prised 18% and 27% of the total time recorded in the diaries for weekdays and weekends. Men reported spending significantly more time outdoors than women (24% vs. 15%, p < 0.001). Agreement between reported out-door time on weekdays (K w ¼ 0.49; 95% CI; 0.39–0.59) was significantly (p < 0.05) higher than for weekends (K w ¼ 0.23; 95% CI; 0.12–0.34). This study suggests that subjects completing questionnaires may be more accu- rate recalling time spent outdoors for weekdays compared to the weekends, possibly because weekdays are more structured and less time is spent out- doors. Future questionnaires assessing UVexposure should develop specific questions to help respondents estimate time spent outdoors on weekends.


We experimentally investigated a picosecond (ps) diode-pumped passively mode-locked (ML) laser operation of a 5 at.% Yb, 5 at.% Y:CaF2 crystal obtained by the vertical Bridgman method. Without extra negative dispersion elements, the ML laser emitted stable 1.3 ps pulses at a repetition rate of 60 MHz with 514 mW average output power under the absorbed pump power of 6.43 W. The continuous wave (CW) operation was also reported with the average output power of 1.48 W, corresponding to the optical slope efficiency of 31.3%.


Our main objective is to develop Lagrangian techniques to improve our fundamental understanding of turbulent transport phenomena in the ocean. The objectives of the project serve the ONR thrust area of adaptive sampling and Lagrangian tracing. Another aspect of the research focuses on a better understanding of the nature of mesoscale and submesoscale turbulent processes, which is relevant to ONR thrust area on submesoscale variability associated with fronts, turbulence and mixing.


The asymptotic behavior of expanding, generic, $T^2$-Symmetric, vacuum spacetimes is examined via numerical simulations. After validation of the numerical methods, the properties of these generic spacetimes are explored and compared to non-generic subfamilies where proven results exist. The non-generic subfamilies within this class, including the Kasner, the Gowdy, the pseudo-homogeneous, and the $B=0$ spacetimes, all have known asymptotic behaviors in the expanding direction which have been determined either from the explicit solutions or using analytic methods. For the $B\ne 0$ spacetimes, the generic case within the $T^2$-Symmetric vacuum solutions, the asymptotic behavior has not been determined analytically. In this work, we use numerical simulations to explore the asymptotic behavior of the $B\ne 0$ spacetimes. Our results indicate that, for these generic spacetimes, the asymptotic behavior in the expanding direction differs from that seen in the non-generic subfamilies. In addition to differences in asymptotic power laws, an apparent quasi-periodic exchange of energy from one gravitational mode to the other for the generic non-polarized solutions is observed.


Scholarship that focuses on the role of servants in London comedies following the restoration of Charles II is almost non-existent even though servants appear in most every play written and produced during that period. Stage servants often serve as principle, essential characters who are pivotal to the action of the drama, and sometimes they are the star of the show, played by celebrity actors. Servant characters also serve to exemplify the frequently changing social mores and political issues of the period with their thoughtful observations and endeavors as they illustrate the innumerable themes about which scholars have written. INDEX WORDS: Carolean comedy; Restoration stage; Charles II; mirror to society; Hobbesian thought; libertine lifestyle; licentious behavior; lady's companion; lady's maid; footman; valet de chambre; agency; master; mistress; comedy of manners; social comedy; farce THE ROLES OF SERVANT CHARACTERS IN RESTORATION COMEDY, 1660 – 1685


We established a strategy for bioethanol production using the hydrolysate of rape stem, in which the inhibitor cocktail was added intentionally. The final goal of this study was to circumvent the detoxification process when the hydrolysate of lignocelluloisic biomass contained the toxic substances in high concentration. When six yeast strains were examined, Sacchromyces cerevisiae ATCC 96581 and Pichia stipitis CBS 7126 were relatively resistant to inhibitor cocktail. Then, using strains 96581 and 7126, we designed a process strategy for bioethanol production, assuming that the concentration of toxic substance in the hydrolysate of rape stem was remarkably high. When strains 96581 and 7126 were inoculated simultaneously, it was observed that strain 7126 produced bioethanol as well as strain 96581, although the concentration of inhibitor cocktail was 18.2% (v/v). Finally, throughout this co-cultivation of strains 96581 and 7126, bioethanol was produced about 6.0 (g/L), and bioethanol yield reached at 0.4 (g-bioethanol/g-reducing sugar) (78.4% of theoretical value).


Objective To compare the effects of defibrase and urokinase in acute cerebral thrombosis. Methods The patients were divided into three groups (defibrase group, urokinase group and control group), and defibrase, urokinase, and normal saline were given separately. Results Both defibrase and urokinase improved neural functions significantly (t=2.032- 3.034,P0.05). Urokinase showed rapid effect within 24 hours, and defibrase improved the function of nerve markedly after seven days, but the scores of the two groups were not statistically significant on 90 days (t=0.361,P0.05). Conclusion Defibrase and urokinase have similar effects on acute cerebral thrombosis in long-term result, but in view of short-term, urokinase is superior.


Biogas production has recently expanded across the post-communist Central European countries. This paper addresses the role of biogas plants based on agricultural resources (agri-food waste and agricultural crops) as a new factor of rural development in Poland and Slovakia, and so it contributes to the comprehensive research on effects of agricultural biogas energy production. The analysis is based on a set of quantitative and qualitative methods, and the results are thoroughly illustrated by two case studies of agricultural biogas plants representing specific features and circumstances of biogas plants in both countries. The results reveal mutual conditionality between operating plants and agricultural structures. The study also provides insight into the impact of agricultural biogas plants operation to the rural development including stabilization of agricultural production thanks to improvement of its multifunctionality and points to the differences between two kinds of biogas plants regarding their ownership and national legal specifics.


ABSTRACT Throughout the millennia since the composition of the Analects, orthodox scholars have maintained that Confucius faithfully passed down the thought of early eras, particularly those of Yao and Shun: 'I transmit but do not create ideas.' This paper shows that Confucius actually subverted the essence of orthodox thought represented mainly by Yao and Shun. His subversion of orthodox thought compels perforce the idea of 'ren (humanity),' which concerns itself with the human world, to stand out with the near exclusion of otherworldliness in his teaching. As a result of the misunderstanding of Confucius' heritage, scholars in the past tended to equate Confucius' idea of 'ren' with specific moral attributes. Again taking exception to the interpretations of bygone eras, this essay demonstrates that humanity in Confucius' theory signifies a dynamic process rather than a specific attribute or a static rule, changing constantly with different people, different places, and different times.


Abstract : This paper provides an independent evaluation of the Declarative Ada Dialect (DAD), which allows functional-style programming in Ada and was developed by the University of Queensland under a Research Agreement with DSTO. It describes the use of DAD and discusses its benefits and limitations.


A high energy fast neutron beam potentially suitable for radiotherapy has been described in a companion paper. Its biologic effects have been studied in the following experimental systems: clonal survival and mutation induction after irradiation in vitro in Chinese hamster cells and human diploid fibroblasts; survival of reproductive capacity in vivo of murine hemopoietic colony-forming cells and murine intestinal crypts after irradiation in vivo; survival of reproductive capacity in vivo after irradiation in vitro or in vivo of murine lymphocytic leukemia cells; acute intestinal death following total body irradiation of mice and guinea pigs; and hemopoietic death following total body irradiation of mice and guinea pigs. The relative biologic effectiveness of these high energy neutrons varied among the different biologic systems, and in several cases varied with the size of the radiation dose. The oxygen enhancement ratio was studied in murine lymphocytic leukemia cells irradiated under aerobic or hypoxic conditions in vitro and assayed for survival of reproductive capacity in vivo. Compared with x-rays, the potential therapeutic gain factor for these neutrons was about 1.5. This work represents a ''radiobiologic calibration'' program which it is suggested should be undertaken before new and unknown fast neutron spectra are used for experimentalmore » radiotherapy. The results are compared with biologic studies carried out at high energy fast neutron generators in the United States.« less


Based on the first-principles calculations, the authors study defect-defect interactions between cation vacancies in rutile TiO2 and monoclinic HfO2. It is found that vacancies are greatly stabilized at small separations because of a large reconstruction of nearby oxygen atoms that have two broken bonds. As a result, O–O bonds resembling O2 or O3 molecules are formed near the divacancy site. The defect levels originated from antibonding states of O p orbitals are identified within the energy gap, which can affect leakage currents and the density of trapped charges of oxides substantially.


Abstract Many studies (Heath 1984b, 1986; Robinson 1998; Robinson & Stivers 2001; Greatbach 2006; Frers 2009) have shown that, while interacting with their patients, doctors fulfill several tasks (speaking, reading, writing prescriptions, reporting data on the computer, etc.) through an interplay of diverse multimodal resources (speech, gesture, body posture, gaze, object manipulation, etc.). In comparison, multimodality in interpreter-mediated medical encounters has received scant attention. This contribution examines a corpus of interactions involving Italian doctors, Chinese patients, and an interpreter. Having to manage multiparty and multitask conversations with patients with whom no direct communication is possible, doctors are forced to rely heavily on multimodality. The analysis here shows how the simultaneous actions performed by the doctors are coordinated through the use of multiple modalities. The outcomes on the global organization of interpreter-mediated interaction are also discussed. (Conversation analysis, doctor-patient interaction, interpreting, multitasking, multimodality)*


The clustering and sorting behavior of ants, as well as the foraging behavior of birds in nature represented sources of inspiration for designing clustering methods applicable in computer science. This paper investigates how biologically‐inspired clustering methods can be adapted to cluster Semantic Web services aiming at the efficiency of the discovery process. The methods consider the semantic similarity between services as the main clustering criterion. To measure the semantic similarity between two services, we propose a matching method that evaluates the degree of match between the semantic description of the two services. We have tested the biologically‐inspired clustering methods on the SAWSDL service retrieval test collection (SAWSDL‐TC) benchmark, and we have comparatively evaluated their performance using the Dunn index and the Average‐Item Cluster Similarity metric, the latter being introduced in this paper. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Background: Back pain is a common presenting feature in patients with hip arthritis. Hip replacement surgery is performed primarily to relieve hip pain but is known to improve global function. The aim of this study was to quantify the effects of total hip arthroplasty on back pain. Patients and Methods: A prospective study was conducted from 2001 to 2005 at the Victoria Hospital, Kirkcaldy, Fife. A novel body diagram was devised to collect and quantify back pain. Patients were asked to localize their pain on this diagram prior to their surgery and six months later. The patients were also asked to record their level of satisfaction on a visual analogue scale (VAS) and to complete validated functional and psychological assessments (SF-36; Harris Hip Score). Results: Preoperative and postoperative data were complete for 872 patients. Preoperatively, 234 (27%) patients complained of pain in the lumbar region. A low score in the baseline SF-36 correlated with low back pain. At six-month post total hip arthroplasty, the low back pain had resolved in 50% (n=116) of these patients, and resolution of this pain correlated with improved post-operative SF-36 score. The mean postoperative satisfaction score was 8.8 out of a maximum 10 (VAS). Satisfaction correlated with reduced back pain. Conclusion: We describe a novel method of pain assessment in total hip arthroplasty. These data from a large prospective cohort indicate that many patients may expect an improvement in their back pain following hip replacement. This data will be useful in the preoperative counselling of patients considering arthroplasty.


The present invention is to obtain an alkali catalyst and the main car by ester exchange reaction of oil and tertiary hydroxy alkyl amine comprises a fatty acid under sodium buchokmae fatty acid hydroxyalkyl amine ester of a certain percentage (step 1); And the improved fabric softener using an alkali catalyst comprises a step (step 2) to obtain a fabric softener, which is reacted with a quaternary agent a fatty acid hydroxyalkyl amine ester obtained in Step 1 in a low molecular weight alcohol solvent include ester-quart relates to the production method, the fabric softener prepared using a combination of an alkali catalyst and primary sodium phosphate in a specific ratio in accordance with the present invention as compared to a fabric softener production by a conventional method, of the fabric softener colors is improved, US conversion was low, the amount of triglyceride oil, has excellent long-term stability. The catalyst used in the present invention is so low compared to the sodium borohydride catalyst was used to represent the color of the softener equal to a conventional and economical in manufacturing cost. Accordingly, the present invention can be effectively used in the manufacturing of the softener. Triglyceride, a cationic fabric softener, ester exchange reaction, the alkaline catalyst


OBJECTIVE Meningitis after microsurgery for vestibular schwannoma (VS) is a severe complication and result in high morbidity. But few studies have focused on meningitis after VS surgery alone. The purpose of this study was to identify the risk factors for meningitis after VS surgery. METHODS We undertook a retrospective analysis of all VS patients, who underwent microsurgery of VS and at least live for 7 days after surgery, between 1st June 2015 and 30st November 2018 at West China Hospital of Sichuan University. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify the risk factors for postoperative meningitis (POM). RESULTS We collected 410 patients, 27 of whom had POM. Through univariate analysis, hydrocephalus (p=0. 018), Koos grade IV (p=0.04), The operative duration (> 3 hours p=0.03) and intraoperative bleeding volume (≥ 400ml p=0. 02) were significantly correlated to POM. Multivariate analysis showed that Koos grade IV (p=0.04; OR=3.19; 95% CI 1.032-3.190), operation duration (> 3 hours p=0.03 OR= 7.927; 95% CI 1.043-60.265), and intraoperative bleeding volume (≥ 400ml p=0.02; OR=2.551; 95% CI 1.112-5.850) are the independent influencing factors of POM. CONCLUSIONS Koos grade IV, the duration of operation, and the amount of bleeding were identified as independent risk factors for POM after microsurgery of VS. POM caused a prolonged hospital stay.


In the US, the cattle industry is a $175 billion industry with an estimated 100 million cattle. At
the same time the US poultry industry is the world largest producer and exporter of poultry meet.
Not surprisingly, the outcome of such large manufacturing units is the production of large
quantity of byproducts in the form of wastes with approximately 200 million tons of dry cattle
waste being produced annually. This review provides a method of generating energy from the
feedlot and chicken litter waste. High-ash (around 45% weight basis) feedlot biomass and
chicken litter biomass were gasified in a 10 kWt fixed bed counter current atmospheric pressure
gasifier to generate a mixture of combustibles gases which could be further burned to generate
heat. In this review the effect of biomass particle size on the composition of the product gas
leaving the gasifier, the temperature profiles in the fixed bed, and the ash fusion of the feedlot
biomass and chicken litter biomass during gasification are discussed. The gasification yielded a
low-Btu gas with a heating value in the range of 4.0 – 4.8 MJ/m3. The experimental results show
that high-alkaline content fuels, like litter biomass (LB) can be gasified by blending with lower-alkaline content fuels like high-ash feedlot biomass (HFB), to reduce the agglomeration in the
bed without significantly affecting the heating value of the product gas. The gasification of highash
LB and HFB not only yields a low-Btu gas, but also reduces the animal waste disposal
problem.


Quality and performance are two important customer requirements in vehicle design. Driveline clunk negatively affects the perceived quality and must be therefore, minimized. This is usually achieved using engine torque management, which is part of engine calibration. During a tip-in event, the engine torque rate of rise is limited until all the driveline lash is taken up. However, the engine torque rise, and its rate can negatively affect the vehicle throttle response which determines performance. Therefore, the engine torque management must be balanced against throttle response. In practice, the engine torque rate of rise is calibrated manually. This paper describes an analytical methodology for calibrating the engine torque, considering uncertainty, in order to minimize the clunk disturbance, while still meeting throttle response constraints. A set of predetermined engine torque profiles which span the practical range of interest, are used and the transmission turbine speed is calculated for each profile using a bond-graph vehicle model. The turbine speed quantifies the clunk disturbance. Using the engine torque profiles and the corresponding turbine speed responses, a time-dependent metamodel is created using principal component analysis and Kriging. The metamodel predicts the turbine speed response due to any engine torque profile and is used in a deterministic and reliability-based optimization which minimizes the clunk disturbance while still meeting the throttle response target. Compared with commonly used production calibration, the clunk disturbance is reduced substantially without negatively affecting the vehicle throttle response.Copyright © 2008 by ASME


Phylogenetic relationships of the subgenera of Exorista Meigen (Diptera: Tachinidae) are inferred from morphological data. Our results show that the genus Exorista is not monophyletic and that members of the subgenus Spixomyia Crosskey are divided into two clades. Each subgenus is redefined based on male and female morphological features. The Japanese species of Exorista are revised and classified into five subgenera: Adenia Robineau‐Desvoidy, Exorista Meigen, Podotachina Brauer and Bergenstamm, Ptilotachina Brauer and Bergenstamm, and Spixomyia Crosskey. Thirteen species are recognized, including two newly recorded species, Exorista (Adenia) cuneata Herting and Exorista (Spixomyia) lepis Chao. Exorista cantans Mesnil is transferred to the subgenus Podotachina from Spixomyia.


This is a review of present knowledge regarding the association between psychological stress and physical health. The physiological responses to stress, involving the pituitary adrenocortical and t ...


ABSTRACT This paper reports on citizen ratings of the importance of different police duties. Nine cumulative logistical regression models are estimated using data from a city-wide survey of urban conditions and sendees, and the effects of 77 independent variables compared across the 9 models. The findings indicate differences for 7 of the 9 models. The most consistent differences across models are for race-ethnicity and marital status. In addition, the parameter estimates for income, education, age, and gender is significant for some of the models. No significant parameter estimates were found for the models for investigating drug crimes and investigating gang activity. Nearly all respondents, regardless of personal and social characteristics, gave high ratings to these two duties.


A semi‐topological r‐wheel, denoted by Sr , is a subdivision of the r‐wheel preserving the spokes. This paper describes the r‐connected graphs having no Sr ‐subgraphs. For r>3 , these are shown to be only Kr,r , while the class H of 3‐connected S3 ‐free graphs is unexpectedly rich. First, every graph G in H has an efficiently recognizable set of "contractible edges" (sometimes empty) such that a contraction minor G/F belongs to H if and only if F is a part of this set. So, the subclass H0 of ante‐contraction members of H plays a key role. Second, the members of H0 have 3‐edge cuts. The familiar cactus representation of minimum edge cuts (Dinits et al., in: Issledovaniya po Diskretnoy Optimizatsii, Nauka, Moscow, pp. 290–306, 1976 (Russian); also A. Schrijver, Combinatorial Optimization (Polyhedra and Efficiency), Algorithms and Combinatorics, Vol. 24, Springer, 2003, p. 253) maps H0 onto the class of trees whose internal vertices have even degrees, equal to 6 for any vertex adjacent to a leaf. The description of H0 (quite concise as expressed in appropriate terms) refers to the explicit reconstruction of the reverse image of such a tree. We also derive the upper bound (2r−3)(n−r+1) on the number of edges in an arbitrary n‐vertex Sr ‐free graph, r≥4 , and conjecture that its maximum equals (r−1)(n−r+1)+r−12 .


. "Sentimental Tales" is a book about the struggle of a "little man" for existence during the NEP period. The prose demonstrates a "mosaic of quotations" in which classical tradition is clearly discernible, specifically, the artistic intertextuality of sentimentalism is particularly strong. The author uses the method of intertextual analysis to study how Zoshchenko transforms the tradition of sentimental literature and what functions the intertexts perform. Following the study he concludes that "Sentimental tales" as a whole is a variation on the theme of sentimentalism. Elements of idyll became a means of philosophical comprehension of human existence at the turn of time for the writer. Zoshchenko transforms the motive and plot reminiscences from sentimentalism, and puts them in his time in order to demonstrate a hard distinction between the old and new eras. Through the titles of the stories there runs author's sentimentalism as well as his empathy and compassion for the characters of his works. Besides the theme of the destruction of idyll have a kind of connotation of anti-utopia manifested in two directions – the correlation between "Personality and Society" and "Technology and Art".


Organic-inorganic hybrid heterojunction solar cells containing perovskite CH3NH3PbI3 using Nb-doped TiO2 as an electron-transporting layer were fabricated and characterized. Nb-doped TiO2 layer showed an improvement of the short-circuit current density and power conversion efficiency using Ti0.95Nb0.05O2.


Flow and transport take place in a heterogeneous medium of lognormal distribution of the conductivity K. Flow is uniform in the mean, and the system is defined by U (mean velocity), σY2 (log conductivity variance), and integral scale I. Transport is analyzed in terms of the breakthrough curve of the solute, identical to the traveltime distribution, at control planes at distance x from the source. The "self‐consistent" approximation is used, where the traveltime τ is approximated by the sum of τ pertinent to the different separate inclusions, and the neglected interaction between inclusions is accounted for by using the effective conductivity. The pdf f(τ, x), where x is the control plane distance, is derived by a simple convolution. It is found that f(τ, x) has an early arrival time portion that captures most of the mass and a long tail, which is related to the slow solute particles that are trapped in blocks of low K. The macrodispersivity is very large and is independent of x. The tail f(τ, x) is highly skewed, and only for extremely large x/I, depending on σY2, the plume becomes Gaussian. Comparison with numerical simulations shows very good agreement in spite of the absence of parameter fitting. It is found that finite plumes are not ergodic, and a cutoff of f(τ, x) is needed in order to fit the mass flux of a finite plume, depending on σY2 and x/I. The bulk of f(τ, x) can be approximated by a Gaussian shape, with fitted equivalent parameters. The issue of anomalous behavior is examined with the aid of the model.


The present invention provides a baseband pre-distortion device, including: a switch unit, for controlling the switch of uplink and downlink according to trigger signal which is synchronous to the base station: during transmission time slot, turning on the power amplifier of downlink, cutting off the low noise amplifier of the uplink; during receiving time slot, cutting off the power amplifier of the downlink and turning on the low noise amplifier of the uplink. In addition, the present invention provides a baseband pre-distortion method, controlling the switch of the uplink and downlink through a trigger signal which is synchronous to the base station: during transmission time slot, turning on the power amplifier of the downlink and cutting off the low noise amplifier of the uplink; during receiving time slot, cutting off the power amplifier of the downlink and turning on the low noise amplifier of the uplink. The present invention provides a baseband pre-distortion equipment and method under the work mode of TDD system, by means of adding a radio frequency switch before the mixer in the uplink and using the demodulation circuit of the uplink together, so as to implement feedback loop of pre-distortion. Thus, by means of the solution of the present invention, to reduce cost and add reliability greatly.


The damage of waste oil-based drilling fluid for environment is resumed.The treatment technique and application of waste oil-based drilling fluid at home and abroad are introduced,and the technical feature of each method is evaluated.Meanwhile,the future development tendency is prospected.


I. Introduction Macbeth and Henry V depict shifts in governance that profoundly affect th ethic of the warriors each society sends into battle. In Macbeth, this shift is from tribalism to feudalism; in Henry V, from feudalism to statism. The tribal warrior's ethic is defined by reassuring absolutes of blood and kinship, with loyalty to the clan trumping other moral claims on his actions; he lives in a simple world with sharply demarcated ethical choices, definitive consequences associated with each, and rigid expectations regarding his behavior as a warrior. "The feudal warrior or knight, like his tribal predecessor, also demonstrates a sense of personal loyalty to the lord who has granted him his fief, but his ethic is no longer purely an implicit consequence of membership in the clan or tribe. Instead, it is now explicitly defined in a chivalric code that formally enumerates the roles and responsibilities of the knight but without imposing the sanction of statute; the code is enforced more by a sense of honor and personal obligation than by the threat of punishment. With the emergence of the nation state, the knight's formal code of conduct evolves into an impersonal, primarily legalistic relationship between the citizen-soldier and his government. The soldier now fights less to honor his chief or lord than to fulfill his legal responsibility to the state; eventually he becomes a "paid professional," conscripted for pay and treated more as a political or bureaucratic tool than as a unique individual with an intellect and a conscience. (1) Through his focus on the warrior, Shakespeare explores how the evolution from tribalism to statism expands the government's control over its citizens even as it increases their personal responsibility for determining whether they should obey laws that they may find, in a particular situation, to be unethical or immoral. As Shakespeare shows, this evolution in governance increasingly alienates the soldier from the very rules of engagement designed by the state to guide his behavior in battle. The more rigidly the state attempts to regulate the warrior's code of conduct, the less dependable it is in actual situations that lack clear separation between right and wrong. In an ironic twist, the warrior now finds himself in a moral quandary at the very moment he must act decisively and ethically. Shakespeare does not necessarily offer a definitive solution to the soldier's ethical dilemma, but his characters do model a set of responses that suggest a pragmatic ethic for coping with the uneasy contradictions arising between the moral ambiguity of war and the codified rigidity of law. My approach, then, will be to demonstrate how the evolution from tribalism to statism alters and complicates the warrior ethic, how the ethic conspicuously shapes the action and meaning of Macbeth and Henry V, and how together the two plays embody a penetrating inquiry into the moral and legal issues confronting the warrior and, by extension, the citizen and ruler. II. Evolving Models of Governance and the Warrior Ethic [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] The driving principle behind the evolution from tribalism to legalism or statism, as centered on the role of the soldier in battle, is to fully articulate a verbal model of martial behavior, captured in statute, that will cover all contingencies and allow for gradations of moral responsibility. The need to specify precisely the responsibilities of the warrior derives in significant part from increasingly sophisticated technological developments in warfare that require an individual soldier both to think independently in operating his equipment and to function intelligently and collaboratively within progressively more complex battle formations. Adam Max Cohen has shown that advances in military technology demanded more complex and disciplined behavior from soldiers; operating a musket could require over forty discrete actions, all performed in the heat of battle while trying to maintain formation. …


Land use planning at village-level is the promotion and amelioration of existing land use planning system.Based on the practice of land use planning at village level,this paper discusses the features of village land use planning and explores the method of village land use planning.The results indicate that land use patch was a key to land use planning at village-level,and the decision-making on optimizing land use pattern is a controlling factor while decision-making on land use is a refinement and practical implementation,thus forming a process of revising land use planning called "Three stages and four processes",which vividly describes the characteristics of land use planning at village level.


The invention relates to toothpaste containing natural plant extractive and a preparation method thereof. The toothpaste comprises the following components by weight percentage: 85-60 of toothpaste paste matrix and 10-15 of natural plant extractive. The natural plant extractive comprises the following components by weight percentage: 50-70 of sensitive plants, grape seeds and herba agrimoniae extractives and 30-50 of madder, folium artemisiae argyi and lalang grass rhizome extractives. The toothpaste has the effects of remarkably diminishing the inflammation, relieving the pain, stanching, tooth whitening and the like, has the remarkable effects on gum bleeding, hemodia, halitosis and other common oral diseases caused by periodontitis and gingivitis and simultaneously has the advantages that the toothpaste has good mouthfeel, wide antibacterial range and good absorption effect, can whiten teeth after use, is simple to prepare and has low manufacturing cost and the like.


Metty Astuti, 2019. Analysis of the Effect of Financial Performance on Stock Returns on Companies Listed in the Sharia Stock Index. Guided by mrs. Isna Yuningsih and mrs. Dhina Mustika Sari.Stock returns can be used to measure company success and as a consideration in buying company shares. This study aims to analyze the Effect of Current Ratio (CR), Return on Equity (ROE), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), and Price Earning Ratio (PER) to Returns of Shares in companies listed in the Indonesian Syariah Stock Index from 2014 to 2015 The retrun share in this study is cash dividends. The data analysis method used is multiple regression analysis. The data used is secondary data in the form of company annual reports. The results showed that the Current Ratio, Return On Equity, and Price Earning Ratio had a positive and significant effect on stock returns. Increasing the current ratio will increase stock returns, because with a high current ratio the company means having enough cash to pay cash dividends. Likewise with the increase in return on equity, it will increase stock returns, because high return on equity means having enough profit to pay cash dividends. With the increase in the price earnings ratio, it will increase stock returns, because the high price-earnings ratio means having enough profit to pay cash dividends. While Debt to Equity Ratio does not affect stock returns, because the percentage of high and low debt does not affect the company's decision to pay cash dividends.


In recent years, numerous anomaly detection and diagnostic technologies have been developed for military and industrial gas turbine applications to aid in the detection and classification of developing faults. In many cases, significant reductions in gas turbine total ownership costs have been achieved through the judicious application of these technologies. However, there is currently no consistent methodology available for assessing both the technical and economic benefits of these machinery diagnostic technologies. In response to this need, a virtual test bench is under development by the US Navy for assessing the performance and effectiveness of machinery diagnostic systems. The test bench utilizes a 'plug 'n play' interface that can readily accept standardized diagnostic/prognostic tools and link them to real transitional and seeded fault data from appropriate condition based maintenance (CBM) platforms. The assessment process relies on a standard set of mathematical ground rules and a statistical framework to directly identify confidence bounds, robustness measures, and various diagnostic thresholds associated with specific mechanical diagnostic technologies.


This article attempts to give an orderly, critical classification of a wide variety of self-saturating single-phase series-control magnetic-amplifier output circuits. It the article is successful, it will be clear that a confusing multitude of circuits appearing in the literature may be fitted into a very simple scheme. The relative merit of various alternative circuits for accomplishing different types of output will also become apparent.


Abstract— Some physical and photochemical properties of a proteinxhlorophyll complex which can be extracted from spinach chloroplasts with dilute Triton X‐100, have been measured. The molar extinction coefficient at the red maximum (671 mμ) is 6.8 × 104. Solutions of the complex are weakly fluorescent, having a quantum yield of about 0.01. The complex undergoes photoautooxidation in the presence of oxygen with a quantum yield of about 0.2 × 10‐‐4, and sensitizes the autooxidation of p‐toluene‐diamine (quantum yield about 1×10‐‐3) and of ascorbic acid (quantum yield 0.25). The complex‐catalyzed reduction of ferricyanide, in the presence of a protein‐carotene complex, was confirmed; its quantum yield is about 8 × 10‐‐4. The protein‐chlorophyll complex does not undergo a Krasnovsky reaction, nor could sensitized reductions of dye by abscorbate be detected. When excess Triton is added to the protein‐chlorophyll complex, it is converted into a detergent colloid apparently identical to a previously described Tween colloid.


The objective of this research work was to evaluate the N loss through Brachiaria decumbens in the stage of post-anthesis related to the soil moisture. The experiment was carried out in green-house condition and the experimental design was a completely randomized, with three treatments and six replications. Plants of grass-Brachiaria were cultivated in pots filled out with sandy soil. The soil of each pot was fertilized with ammonium sulfate-15N (800mg vaso-1 of N). The treatments consisted of harvest of plants in the stages and soil moisture conditions, as following: (a) A60: stage of anthesis and with soil moisture maintained to 60% of the maximum water retention capacity; (b) PA60: post-anthesis stage or maturity with soil moisture maintained to 60% of the maximum retention capacity, and (c) PA20: post-anthesis stage with soil moisture of 20% of the maximum water retention capacity established after the anthesis stage. The plants of the treatments post-anthesis (PA60 and PA20) were harvested after 17 days beginning of the flowering stage. The balance of N from ammonium sulfate (15N) in the soil-plant system indicated losses of N, presumably from the aerial part of grass-Brachiaria plants in the post-anthesis stage (treatment PA60). These values were of the order of 25% in relation to the anthesis treatment (A60). The N loss in the post-anthesis stage as evaluated in the treatment with water deficits (PA20), it was minimized comparatively to the PA60 and it was of the order of 11% in relation to the treatment A60.


Abstract The length of the annual growing season of five Sphagnum species was investigated on the Silver Flowe N.N.R. It ranged from five to six months for S. papillosum and S. magellanicum through approximately seven and ten months for S. capillifolium and S. auriculatum var. inundatum to twleve months for S. cuspidatum A mechanism of hollow and pool enlargement is proposed.


Recent studies show that Shewhart median ( X˜ ) chart is simpler than the Shewhart X¯ chart and it is robust against outliers, but it is often rather inefficient in detecting small or moderate process shifts. The statistical sensitivity of a Shewhart control chart can be improved by using supplementary Run Rules. In this paper, we propose the Phase II median Run Rules type control charts. A Markov chain methodology is used to evaluate the statistical performance of these charts. Moreover, the performance of proposed charts is investigated in the presence of a measurement errors and modelled by a linear covariate error model. An extensive numerical analysis with several tables and figures to show the statistical performance of the investigated charts is provided for both cases of measurement errors and no measurement errors. An example illustrates the use of these charts.


Magnetic vortex is one of the interesting topic for the spin dynamics due to its attractive characteristic such as the high thermal stability and the small frequency dispersion. Most of studies on the magnetic vortex have been carried out by using circular-shaped ferromagnetic disk. So far, we have investigated the magnetic vortex confined in a triangular ferromagnetic dot and found some feature shown on triangular ferromagnetic dot such as the chirality of the vortex in the regular triangle can be controlled by the direction of the initialized in-plane magnetic field [1] and the resonant frequency of the vortex-core gyration motion in the triangular dot is higher than the circular one. In addition, we here report that the dynamics properties of vortex core is reconfigurable in a polygonal ferromagnetic dot due to its anisotropic shape.


PdO/Al2O3 and PdO/CeO2/Al2O3 catalysts were prepared in order to investigate the role of palladium precursors and cerium addition on the catalytic properties of these systems and on the thermal stability of PdO (active phase) in the catalytic combustion of methane at high temperatures (above 600C). The catalysts were obtained from different palladium precursors and presented distinct interactions with CeO2/Al2O3, thermal stability of PdO and catalytic activity. The use of cerium improved PdO thermal stability and the cerium effect was more pronounced on the catalyst prepared from acetylacetonate indicating that a PdO-CeO2 interaction is more favorable in this system.


This essay explores the different ways in which Italy and its art, culture, customs, and traditions are depicted and commented upon in two British travelogues of the eighteenth century: Joseph Addison's Remarks upon Several Parts of Italy (1705) and Tobias Smollett's Travels through France and Italy (1766). By dealing with various aspects of Italian life – from classical to popular culture, from landscape to art works, from places to people – these accounts contribute to the consolidation of the idea of Italy and the Italians as 'Other', firmly grounded on centuries-old prejudices and stereotypes about the Bel Paese. At the same time, however, the experience of travelling inevitably triggers a process of renegotiation of the Self, whose essential features are modified in the passage from the first to the second half of the century due to a remarkable change in the way travelling itself is conceived and recorded, as well as in the traveller's attitudes towards outward reality and personal experience.


TIlE treatment of the 104 casl?S dealt with in this ~eport was c~rried .out in a special ward set apart for the purpose. The cases were under the care of one medical officer in order to keep the conditions of treatment as uniform as possible. ' Bcith forms of the -drug were given in doses of three grains per day for twelve consecutive days; without any additional treatment. The tabloids and pills were given en'tire, as a full dose during breakfast. We have considered a case to be cured when he has had at least six or seven negative tests over a period of not le~s than seven weeks from the termination of his course of treatment. The last ,one or two tests were made at the Barton Convalescent Depot. The great majority ,of the cases, however, had many more tests: some were examined ,almost daily and were under observation for, nearly three months after the end of treatment. '


The article points out how the pandemic of the new coronavirus interrupted the illusion that prevailed in the western civilizing project of dominance over nature. We were surprised by how a microorganism paralyzed the organization of the world. Through philosophy and art, the article explains the origin of that illusion in the anthropocentrism and humanism that gave man centrality in the universe, with the aim of showing that our actions on nature led to a new unpredictability. We are, therefore, in a moment of rediscovery of nature in its untamed potency.


The translation of English movie titles involves not only the factors within the discourse,but also the social factors outside the discourse,such as the type of film,the content and the plot of the story,the image in the film,and the flavor of the audience.The translation of English movie titles should base on the source discourse as the basic unit of translation.


The purpose of the study was to investigate teacher perceptions of the implementation of one-to-one iPad use in the classroom to include technology integration, school level support, and teacher beliefs. The study explored the beliefs, attitudes and perspectives of eight elementary school teachers. Focus group interviews, single interviews, and classroom observations were utilized to gather qualitative data for this study. In the research findings, I presented participant descriptions and analyzed the data. The major findings that emerged from this study are organized according to the themes: technology integration, school level support, and teacher beliefs. Within technology integration, the categories that emerged from the data are first order barriers, time management, classroom management issues, and learning management issues. The second theme brought forth the categories principal support, professional development, and classroom management. Within the final theme, Teacher Beliefs, the categories that emerged are pedagogy, SAMR, and high stakes testing. The findings will provide teachers, principals, and school district personnel new insights into the impact of this one-to-one implementation.


Between 1993 and June 1995, 771 samples of olive oil from the Swiss market were analyzed for the detection of admixed other oils or of raffinates to oils sold as virgin. 236 (31%) of them were rejected. 52 oils sold as virgin contained excessive concentrations of stigmastadiene; for 184 samples, admixture of other oils was detected. This number of rejected samples of olive oil is high, particularly when taking into account that many types of adulteration or unacceptable practices still remained undetected. Amounts of admixed oils were mostly small, showing the effect of improved control within the trade. On the other hand, the sophisticated pretreatment of many of the admixed oils indicates the strong interest in adulteration and the involvement of professionals experienced in oil technology and analytical chemistry. A large proportion of the adulterations was not detectable by the official methods. As frauds are rapidly adjusted to the analytical control, the latter needs constant improvement; restrictions in the application of innovative methods should be eliminated.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to establish the importance of good coordination between marketing and sales. It aims to examine the research conducted to date, the area of marketing and sales integration and provide guidance to help integrate these functional areas better in industrial marketing firms. The paper seeks to develop a research agenda to continue this research.Design/methodology/approach – A total of 21 interviews were collected through the use of qualitative research techniques and intensive interviews. The interactions between marketing and sales were modeled for during the marketing management process and the sales management process.Research limitations/implications – More extensive sample surveys need to be conducted. Exploratory findings should be tested and possible situational differences identified.Practical implications – Several required actions were identified for management. These fall into three categories: organizational design; communication; and human resources managem...


The quality control mechanism is an important part of science and technology evaluation. The quality control mechanism of science and technology evaluation process can affect the quality of evaluation result as well as the true approbation of science and technology results. According to evaluation process, the article introduces several main influence factors on the quality of evaluation, and builds up the system model of the quality control mechanism of science and technology evaluation process. In the end, the article puts forward the relative control strategy.


Current restorative neurotransplantation research focuses mainly on the potential of the neural graft to replace damaged or missing cell populations and to deliver needed gene products in the form of transgenes. Because of this graft‐oriented bias of the procedure, possible dormant regenerative capabilities within the host have been largely underestimated and dismissed as insignificant. This review discusses existing evidence that neural grafts can have stimulating effects on host‐intrinsic plasticity that can help regeneration of the mammalian central nervous system. If confirmed, the synergistic interaction between graft and host might substantially enhance our therapeutic possibilities. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Recent studies have suggested that ex vivo expansion of autologous hematopoietic cells could be a therapy of choice for the treatment of bone marrow failure. We investigated the potential of a combined infusion of autologous ex vivo expanded hematopoietic cells with mesenchymal (MSCs) for the treatment of multi‐organ failure syndrome following irradiation in a non‐human primate model.


This investigation was designed to determine the effects of administration of honey on sperm parameters and fertility potential in adult male Wistar rats. A total of forty five rats (thirty males and fifteen females) weighing between 225±5g were used for the study. The male rats were divided into 3 groups i.e., 2 experimental and 1 control groups of ten rats each, (n=10). The 15 female rats were used for fertility test. Experimental groups 1 and 2 male rats were administered with 5ml/kg body weight and 7.5ml/kg body weight of honey respectively through orogastric tube (gavage) twice a week for 10weeks. The above parameters were determined at the end of administration and after 10weeks of treatment rest, the results were compared with controls. Results revealed that chronic consumption of honey has exhibited significant reduction of sperm parameters. Total sperm count and percentage of motile spermatozoa were significantly depressed, but percentages of abnormal, dead/non-motile spermatozoa were increased significantly at (P<0.05). None of the experimental animals was fertile, while females mated with control males achieved pregnancy. Chronic consumption of honey appeared to have a deleterious effect on sperm parameters and fertility potential of male Wistar rats.


Face recognition becomes more important in our daily life for various purposes like securing important and personal data, security for a restricted area, for banking purpose and other online applications. Neural network plays a major role in face recognition. In case of face recognition, neural networks were used for different stages like feature extraction, prediction and classification individually as well as for both. After neural network, convolutional neural network was developed and now it is deep convolutional neural network which makes face recognition very simple and easier. This paper gives the detailed survey on neural networks and its contribution to face recognition in various researches since neural network to current deep


The study examines the effect of corporate governance practices and regulatory agencies on the performance of government establishments in Anambra State of Nigeria. Twenty five government establishments in Anambra State were studied using their general managers and Accountants as participants. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient and student t-transformation were used to test for relationship and significant respectively. The results of this study reveal that corporate governance has positive and significant relationship on the performance of corporate governance regulatory agencies. Further results reveal that agreement on corporate governance has positive and significant relationship with lay down standard. The study calls for corporate governance regulatory agencies to discharge their duties without fear of favour and should shun all forms of gratification and render objective report on government organizations. This will redirect government establishment on improving their corporate governance practices, which will enhance their firm value and meet the need of the future generation. Keywords: Corporate Governance, Corporate Practices, Corporate Mechanism, Regulatory Agencies, Standard


The invention discloses a Chinese medicament for treating cervical vertebra diseases, which comprises the following raw materials (by weight portion): kudzuvine root 10-30, rhizome of Sichuan lovage 5-25, radix salvia miltiorrhiza 5-25, root of herbaceous peony 10-30, spatholobus stem 10-30, pyrola 10-30, ground beetle 5-20, centipede 1-4, earthworm 5-25, pangolin scales 3-25, mulberry twigs 10-35, Clematis chinensis 5-30, large-leaf gentian root 5-30, notopterygium root 5-25, rhizoma Gastrodiae 5-25, notoginseng 3-30, curcuma longa 3-25, frank incense 3-25, myrrh 3-25, astragalus root 10-100.


While this quote is likely apocryphal and not, as is commonly attributed, a curse of Chinese origin (1), its ironic sentiment seems apt when one considers the rapidly shifting treatment landscape for patients with brain metastases.


A process for treating a polysaccharide with a dialdehyde in the presence of from 10 to 40 weight percent of water, based on the total weight of polysaccharide and water, is beneficially conducted in a mixing device characterized by a FROUDE number FRw of larger than 11, wherein w is the angular frequency in sec-1 and is defined as 2*p*RPM/60, RPM is the rotational speed of the mixing device in revolutions per minute, Rw is the radius of the mixing device in m, and g is the acceleration due to gravity in m/s2.


The previous dynamic food chain model was improved for the consideration of the influence of radioactive contamination to agricultural products due to rain during the environmental releases of radionuclides in a nuclear accident Wet interception coefficients for the agricultural plants were derived as a function of radionuclide and rainfall amount, and mathematical formulations of the previous model were modified. As a result, rain during accidental releases was influential in agricultural contamination. The contamination level of agricultural products decreased dramatically according to increasing rainfall amount. It means that predictive concentrations in agricultural products using the previous model, in which dry interception to the agricultural plants is only considered, can be overestimated. The influence of rainfall in agricultural contamination was the most sensitive for I, and the least sensitive for Sr among the radionuclides considered in this study.


In this end-of-degree project, we focus on the study of the legal treatment of surreptitious advertising and product placement. First of all it s neccesery to note that surreptitious advertising must be understood as a form or advertising technique that mislead recipients about their true nature, since this behavior takes place in a context of non-advertising content. Therefore It should be classified as illegal, since it must be analyzed in the light of the basic principle of separation and identification of advertising message about the rest of the content, it must be based on the principle of authenticity, one of the greatest guarantors of advertising activity it means, if we separate and identify the advertising message, the practice will be considered as lawful , getting the protection of the target public ́s interests since knowing the advertising nature of these practices, they can evaluate them according to their true nature.From the above , we can deduce that we face a legitimate practice if its commercial nature is revealed. However, if this character is not appreciated, we will face an advertising illegal, which carries the rating of unfair practice, the particular disguised advertising practice. Secondly, the product placement can be defined as an audiovisual communication advertising technique that consists in placing a product, service or trademark, to be included in an audiovisual work, in return for payment or for similar consideration. In this figure, EU legislation provides a general ban on its use, reserving its possible use to fulfill the requirements of legality called. On the other hand the Spanish legal system in recent years has set explicit rules on the technique of product placement in LGCA, where it is considered specifically different from the surreptitious television audiovisual commercial communication, and therefore surreptitious advertising.


Recent seismic events in the Lesser Himalayas between the Main Central Thrust (MCT) and Main Boundary Thrust (MBT) have brought to light the importance of paleoslip along structures in controlling mass movement in the area, as evidenced by several devastating landslides and major earthquake in 1991. In Uttarkashi region MCT shear zone can be divided into three different thrusts i.e. MCT-I (Vaikrita thrust), MCT-II (Munsiari/ Jutogh Thrust), MCT-III (Chail/Ramgarh Thrust). The rocks present between Munsiari Thrust in Bhatwari area and Ramgarh/ Chail thrust near Sainj (Garhwal Himalaya) depict very young in situ monazites ages varying from 6-1 Ma (Catlos et al. 2003). The younger ages and the geometry of the MCT-III reveal this thrust to be an out-of-sequence thrust reactivating the MCT-II, i.e., the Munsiari Thrust. Schelling and Arita (1991) and Pandey and Virdi (2004) have also observed such relationships in Nepal and Himachal Pradesh respectively. MCT-III is a high angle reverse thrust fault at Sainj and it extends in the Sarhan-Jhakri area (Himachal Pradesh) where monazite dates obtained are as young as 3.4 Ma. This Thrust is also observed as high angle reverse Fault at Pachekhani mines, Rorathang and Ranpo in Sikkim. These relationships may have implications on the high seismic activity in the Himalaya at regional scale between MCT-I (Vaikrita thrust) and MBT due to an out of sequence thrust reactivating older thrusts in the hinterland affecting the break in slope, probably affecting the climate change as reflected in the stable isotopes from the Lesser Himalaya (Hodges et al. 2004). Occurrences of such out-ofsequence thrusts have been known (at several other locations near the STD, MCT-I and MCT-III and above MBT (Grujic et al. 2002; Catlos et al. 2003). Out-of-Sequence thrusts and related Neotectonic activity clearly depicts that the channel flow model and wedge extrusion models need modifications in the light of above. A modified model based on the data from the Lesser Himalayan region from East to West will be discussed.


Objective
To investigate the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on autophagy and apoptosis of rat insulinoma INS-1 cells and the underlying mechanisms.

Methods
INS-1 cells at log growth phase were treated with 0.1, 1.0 or 10.0 mg/L LPS for 24 h, then sulforhodamine B(SRB) assay was carried out to evaluate the effect of LPS on cell viability, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected by dichlorofluorescein-diacetate (DCFH-DA) fluoro-probe. The autophagy marker microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (Map1LC3-Ⅱ) on the membrane of autophagosomes and the apoptosis marker cleaved poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) were detected by Western blotting analysis. The autophagy essential gene Atg7 was silenced via siRNA-mediated RNAi method, then cells were treated with 1.0 mg/L LPS for another 24 h. Atg7, Map1LC3-Ⅱ and cleaved PARP were detected by Western blotting analysis. INS-1 cells were treated with 400 μmol/L N-acetylcysteine (NAC). And 1 h later the cells were treated with 10.0 mg/L LPS for another 24 h. Map1LC3-Ⅱ and cleaved PARP were detected with Western blotting methods. Differences between groups were calculated with analysis of variance and t test.

Results
Compared with the control group(0.755±0.030), the cell viabilities significantly decreased in 0.1, 1.0 and 10.0 mg/L LPS groups (0.658±0.042, 0.658±0.015, 0.634±0.029, respectively, F=30.98, P<0.01). Compared with the control group(0.447±0.012), the protein levels of Map1LC3-Ⅱ significantly increased in 0.1, 1.0 and 10.0 mg/L LPS groups (0.992±0.030, 0.949±0.020, 0.982±0.013, respectively, F=525.79, P<0.01). Compared with the control group (0.055±0.001), the levels of cleaved PARP significantly increased in 0.1, 1.0 and 10.0 mg/L LPS groups (0.313±0.007, 0.390±0.011, 0.500±0.033, respectively, F=327.093, P<0.01). A remarkable increase of ROS was detected in INS-1 cells treated with 10.0 mg/L LPS for 24 h. Compared with the control, the protein levels of Atg7, Map1LC3-Ⅱ and cleaved PARP significantly decreased in Atg7 siRNA transfection group (t=156.069, 123.154, 103.246, all P<0.01). Compared with LPS 10.0 mg/L group, the protein level of Map1LC3-Ⅱ and cleaved PARP significantly decreased in 10.0 mg/L LPS + NAC group(t=66.37, 26.84, P<0.01).

Conclusions
LPS induces autophagy and apoptosis in INS-1 cells, and autophagy promotes apoptosis herein. Reactive oxygen species are involved in autophagy and apoptosis in INS-1 cells induced by LPS.

Key words:
Insulinoma INS-1 cells; Lipopolysaccharide; Autophagy; Apoptosis; Rats


Coagulation factor VIIa (Recombinant) (rF.VIIa; NovoSeven) was approved for use in the United States by the Food and Drug Administration in March 1999 for the treatment of bleeding episodes in patients with hemophilia A or B with inhibitors to factor VIII or factor IX. Off-label use of rF.VIIa to


INTRODUCTION
 Malnutrition is related with poor outcomes after stroke which justifies the need for screening to identify and treat nutritionally vulnerable patients; however, no nutrition screening tool has been validated for this population. This study aimed to establish the predictive validity of the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) in stroke patients, using several outcomes: mortality, cumulative length of hospital stay (LOS) and hospitalisation costs at 6 months post stroke.

 METHODS
 Patients were recruited from consecutive admissions at 2 hyper-acute stroke units in London and were screened for their risk of malnutrition (low, medium and high) according to MUST. Outcomes were obtained for each patient through a national database that contains details of all hospital admissions.

 RESULTS
 Of 543 recruited patients, 537 were screened within 72h of admission with MUST, 51% were males and 87% had an ischaemic stroke, with a mean age of 74.7years (range 22-99). Results (see table) showed a strong positive association between risk of malnutrition and mortality rate (Chi square test,
 p<0.001
 ), which remained significant after adjustment for possible confounders (Multivariable Cox Proportional Hazards Model,
 p<0.001
 ). For patients who survived, there was a strong positive association between the risk of malnutrition and both LOS and hospitalisation costs (Kruskal-Wallis test,
 p<0.001
 and
 p=0.049
 , respectively), which again remained significant after adjustment for possible confounders (univariate analysis of variance,
 p<0.001
 and
 p=0.001
 , respectively).

 CONCLUSION
 Risk of malnutrition (as assessed by MUST) is an independent strong predictor of mortality, LOS and hospitalisation costs at 6 months post stroke, supporting the routine screening of stroke patients for risk of malnutrition on admission.


Abstract Banking history has had little attention in Denmark if compared to many other countries. The purpose of this article is to present some current topics of interest in Danish banking history from about 1850 to the interwar years. Special emphasis will be laid upon the relations between banks and industry as well as the boom and bust phases of the banking system during the period.


Improving the knowledge of trophodynamics in coastal marine ecosystems is important for fisheries management. The present study was designed to assess the influence of Danube River inputs on Romanian coastal marine food webs of the European sprat (Sprattus sprattus), the European anchovy (Engraulis encrasicholus) and the horse mackerel (Trachurus mediterraneus). Gut content analyses coupled with carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analyses described food web variations with fish size, season and distance from the Danube delta. Sprats fed on zooplankton, horse mackerel fed on polychaetes and small fish, and anchovies had an intermediate diet. The δ13C and δ15N ratios and mean trophic levels increased from sprats to anchovies and then to horse mackerel. Season strongly influenced the δ15N values of the three fishes, with lower values in spring than in autumn linked to higher Danube inputs into coastal waters in spring during the flooding period. Fish condition was related to diet and environmental factors, with higher conditions recorded in the north area in autumn and in the south area in spring. Danube River inputs influenced the diet, stable isotope ratios and condition of the main commercial pelagic migratory fishes of the north-western Black Sea.


The possible use of jet thrust as a source of lift, either by deflection of the force from the normal propulsion axis, or by some other means, raises a new stability problem under conditions of hovering flight and flight at speeds for which the aerodynamic damping becomes insignificant. At the same time, despite the small dynamic pressure, the direct air loads cannot be neglected, for, due to the very large positive or negative incidences peculiar to the motion, the associated coefficients are of a compensatingly high order. Consequently, the problem retains an aerodynamic element, but is principally one of automatic stabilisation, amenable to treatment by ordinary mechanical or electrical circuit theory. The investigation has been restricted to the longitudinal-symmetric motion with virtually the only workable form of automatic control, namely, one responsive to the angular displacement and velocity in pitch, but these conditions undoubtedly embrace all the essentials of any practical application, e.g. in take-off and landing by the new technique. The solution to the stability in a gust, or in a succession of disturbances, may then be easily obtained in closed analytical form, but the more general case of unsteady motion, when the displacements are no longer purely oscillatory, necessitates, in part, the use of step-by-step integration. This arises from the added complexity of the aerodynamic terms, due to the appearance of significant changes of incidence, and to the very large and variable values of the resistance derivatives at the angles involved, so that, in the present state of knowledge, the forces determining the motion cannot be expressed functionally. The labour which such calculations entail may be considerably shortened, however, by the application of a procedure based on mean deviations, but it is also found that the conclusions to be drawn from the hovering case remain valid in a number of important respects for the general problem. This feature is demonstrated in the discussion at the end of the paper on a number of examples designed to illustrate the characteristics of the automatic control and the conditions necessary for stability in a variety of circumstances, both when the aircraft is hovering and when its displacement increases continuously with time.


This paper investigates the disincentive effects of the potential duration of unemployment insurance (UI) benefits.The disincentive effects are identified by exploiting changes in the UI system in Slovenia, which involved substantial reductions in the potential benefit duration and had characteristics of a "natural experiment".We find that the change had a positive effect on the exit rate out of unemployment - both to employment and to other destinations - at various durations of unemployment spells and for many categories of unemployed workers.


We investigate the scalar perturbations and the possible strong coupling issues of f(T) around a cosmological background, applying the effective field theory (EFT) approach. We revisit the generalized EFT framework of modified teleparallel gravity, and apply it by considering both linear and second-order perturbations for f(T) theory. We find that no new scalar mode is present in both linear and second-order perturbations in f(T) gravity, which suggests a strong coupling problem. However, based on the ratio of cubic to quadratic Lagrangians, we provide a simple estimation of the strong coupling scale, a result which shows that the strong coupling problem can be avoided at least for some modes. In conclusion, perturbation behaviors that at first appear problematic may not inevitably lead to a strong coupling problem, as long as the relevant scale is comparable with the cutoff scale M of the applicability of the theory.


Gene therapy for central nervous system (CNS) diseases holds a compelling potential for the development of novel therapies. It offers the prospective of transformative and disease-modulating treatment opportunities with potential long-lived therapeutic effects. Recent advances in the field have renewed the optimism for the possibility to develop new innovative solutions and especially certain CNS diseases could benefit greatly from novel gene therapies. Gene therapy encompasses the administration of biological medicinal products containing recombinant nucleic acids, administered to a human to regulate, repair, replace, add, or delete a genetic sequence with the aim to treat or cure diseases1. This includes in vivo vector-mediated gene therapy, ex vivo cell transduction gene therapy, and genome editing (Brenner et al., 2020). In the previous decade the first gene therapies were approved in Europe and/or USA, including Glybera R ©


The invention relates to an industrial boiler, in particular to a self-adaptive economic combustion control system, which comprises a flame detection device, a primary air supply device, a secondary air supply device, a pulverized coal supply device, and a control device which is connected with the flame detection device, the primary air supply device, the secondary air supply device and the pulverized coal supply device in a control way. The self-adaptive economic combustion control system has the following advantages that 1, secondary air is supplied by detecting the flame intensity and according to the detection result, and the supply quantity of the secondary air is increased after the pulverized coal is supplied, so that combustion of the industrial boiler runs stably, and the combustion efficiency is improved; and 2, the secondary air for oxygen supply is adjusted by detecting the oxygen content of exhaust fume of the industrial boiler, so that correct oxygen supply of a hearth is ensured. The hearth is ensured to be in a micro negative pressure state by detecting the negative pressure of the hearth, and therefore the scheme disclosed by the invention contributes to the more stable running state of the industrial boiler.


Public space is a collective right whose protection is an obligation enshrined in the National Constitution , which states that it is the duty the State to ensure the protection of the integrity of public space and its assignment to common use , which prevails over private interests .
The public space disorder caused by an individual or by the activities of competent authorities may reach not only violate individual constitutional rights of pedestrians and collective aspirations of use and overall utilization , but also the perception of the community about of the areas that has free access and which does not.
Bogota Administration aware of this situation has issued Decree 456 of October 11, 2013 through which it regulates the economic use of public space , which aims to generate resources to ensure the maintenance and preservation of existing public space in the city , through forms of economic exploitation that threaten the integrity of citizens but to be charged to those who use it , equitably by different social sectors that disproportionately harm some segment of the population.


The kerbside lane in city traffic is the main focus of traffic conflicts. In Sydney, there is growing pressure to use more of that lane for traffic movement improvements such as 'S' lanes and clearways, as well as to widen footpaths to make a better environment for the pedestrian. Before any of these reallocations can be considered, however, it is necessary to assess the needs of the traditional kerbside user, the short-term parker. This in turn will allow the impact of any loss in kerbside parking to be considered before reallocation. There are a wide variety of kerbside parking controls, further complicated by changing period controls in which they apply. Legally, on-street parking in central Sydney represents about a third of all the parking supply. This category includes all the meter parking, period restrictions, residential parking schemes, loading zones, and preferential parking allocations. A third of all spaces accommodates 70% of all parking events in the City. Information in the paper mainly comes from surveys done by the Traffic Authority, in association with the Ministry of Transport and consultants, of city workers, city visitors, and observed kerbside use and interviews with on-street parkers about to leave their parking space.