HERE currently produces maps using data from its own fleet of high-grade sensor-equipped cars. This current approach provides map updates with high precision but low frequency. This talk describes our assessment of a different approach: using current OEM (original car manufacturer's) sensor data for high-frequency map change detection and maintenance. To evaluate this potential source of map updates, we applied predictive modeling to a set of OEM consumer-grade car sensor data for traffic sign change detection. In summary, we found sign change detection using OEM data to be feasible. More specifically, we were able to estimate the minimum number of sign observations required to indicate a sign is present. We were able to estimate the minimum number of temporary and permanent sign non-observations required to indicate a sign was removed. And, we were able to estimate the minimum number of sign observations required to achieve the desired accuracy for a sign position. When estimating sign positions, we found that analysis based on predictive models provided double the precision (when compared with analysis based on raw data).


The effect of additives in the SnO2-based varistor, such as CoO, Cr2O3, Nb2O5, Ta2O5 and La2O3, and different sinter conditions on the density of SnO2 is studied in this paper. The effect is expanded in detail and pertinent theoretical explanations are made. Besides, thorough analysis is made on the sinter conditions with results obtained. The study is of reference value for further investigation into the dense sinter of SnO2-based varistor.


The utility model relates to an energy-saving eye-protecting intelligent LED (light-emitting diode) desk lamp, which comprises a lamp holder, a lamp bracket, a lampshade and an LED lamp, wherein an infrared obstacle avoidance sensor is arranged on the lamp bracket, a human body infrared induction detector, a light activated switch, a sitting posture caution lamp and a rest caution lamp are arranged on the lamp holder, and a microprocessor is arranged in the lamp holder; an input end of the microprocessor is respectively connected with the infrared obstacle avoidance sensor, the human body infrared induction detector and the light activated switch, an output end of the microprocessor is respectively connected with the LED lamp, the sitting posture caution lamp and the rest caution lamp; and a power module is arranged in the lamp holder, a charging end of the power module is connected with a lithium battery or an alternating current power supply, and a power supplying end is connected with the microprocessor. The energy-saving eye-protecting intelligent LED desk lamp disclosed by the utility model has the advantages of reasonable design, convenience in operation, convenience, practicability and the like.


Integrals of the equations of propagation of electric disturbances in terms of the electric and magnetic forces tangential to any surface enclosing the sources of the disturbances have been already obtained. It is proposed in what follows to apply these expressions to obtain the effect of an obstacle on a train of electric waves. The effect of the obstacle can be represented by a distribution of sources throughout the space occupied by the obstacle, and the determination of this distribution or, as appears from the investigation referred to above, the determination of the electric and magnetic forces tangential to the surface of the obstacle due to this distribution of sources, constitutes the solution of the problem. If X', Y', Z', α', β', γ' denote the components of the electric and magnetic forces respectively at the point ξ, η, ζ, on the surface of the obstacle due to the distribution of sources inside it which represents its effect, X'1, Y'1 Z'1, α '1, β '1, γ '1 denote the values of these quantities when t - r /V is substituted for t , where V is the velocity of propagation of the disturbances, and r = {( x-ξ )2+( y-η )2 + ( z-ζ )2}½ is the distance of any point , x, y, z from the point ξ, η, ζ , and l, m, n are the direction cosines of the normal to the surface at the point ξ, η, ζ , drawn into the space external to the obstacle, the components of the magnetic force at any point outside the obstacle due to the obstacle.


The problem of subjective loudness judgement has occupied many research workers over at least the last forty years. The early work (reviewed by Robinson, 1953) produced much conflictingdata, but more recent results seem to have achieved rather more consistency. The literature suggests, however, that in one respect, at least, work on loudness has not altogether kept pace with developments in other fields of psychophysics. The departure from modern psychological thinking in other modalities arises over the question of the importance of inter-individual differences in scaling performance. It is true that many of the workers in the 1930's (Fletcher and Munsen 1933, for example), noticed large differences between individual observers, but they did not attempt to analyse these differences in any detail. The research into loudness scaling since 1945 has (with only about 3 exceptions) concentrated entirely on the mean performance of groups of observers without seriously considering the differences between individ...


It is not feasible for a single image sensor to convey all of the information essential to comprehend a circumstance thoroughly. The output of many image sensors combined in one place would supply more accurate or comprehensive information on the topic at hand. In recent years, multi-sensor fusion has emerged in the academic world as an emerging topic that has the potential to produce beneficial results. This is because it can aggregate the data from several different sensors. One of the primary objectives is to devise various methods for combining kinematic and visual data to track a moving object. These methods should allow us to achieve this aim. This article looks into the intricacies of various techniques to evaluate the current condition of a target and explores the outcomes of those approaches. These sorts of methods include, for instance, the Kalman filter and its expanded version, the extended Kalman filter. The study of the proposed work is to demonstrate the specifics of the development of an interacting multiple-model Kalman filter to monitor the performance of the moving target in response to a wide variety of tuning parameters. The proposed technique includes the Principal Component Analysis and spatial frequency to integrate the hazy images that were all shot with the same sensor modalities. This action was taken to achieve the aimed-for outcome. The effectiveness of the fusion is evaluated based on the results of several distinct metrics.


Linac4 is a 160 MeV H ion linear accelerator, presently under construction, which will replace the 50 MeV Linac2 as injector of the CERN proton complex [1]. Linac4 is 90 meters long normal-conducting Linac made of a 3 MeV Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ) followed by a 50 MeV Drift Tube Linac (DTL), a 100 MeV CellCoupled Drift Tube Linac (CCDTL) and a Pi-Mode Structure (PIMS). Starting in 2013, five commissioning stages, interlaced with installation periods, are foreseen at the energies of 3, 12, 50, 100 and 160 MeV. In addition to the diagnostics permanently installed in the Linac, temporary measurement benches will be located at the end of each structure and will be used for beam commissioning. Comprehensive beam dynamics simulations were carried out through the Linac and the diagnostics benches to define a commissioning procedure, which is summarised in this paper. In particular, we will present a method for emittance reconstruction from profile measurements which keeps into account the effects of space charge and finite diagnostics resolution. INTRODUCTION The commissioning of Linac4 is foreseen in 5 stages at the energies of 3, 12, 50, 100 and 160 MeV corresponding to the commissioning of the different accelerating structures. The measurement of the transverse beam emittance at each energy milestone will be an essential step during the commissioning of the Linac. At low energy (below 12 MeV – DTL tank1), as the beam penetration depth and activation are low, a direct method based on a slit and grid system is preferred. When the beam reaches energies of few tens of MeV the technical realisation of the slit becomes more challenging and therefore indirect methods to measure the emittance are preferred especially for a temporary measurement line. The classical emittance reconstruction technique, based on measuring the beam profile at three different locations [2], is reliable only if the emittance is conserved and there aren't any self-forces acting on the beam in between the 3 monitors. This latter condition is not fulfilled in the energy range 10-100 MeV for a beam which carries about 70 mA of peak current. To compensate for this drawback we have extended the classical method by combining it with an iterative process of multiparticle tracking which starts from upstream the suite of monitors and propagate the beam "forwards" taking into account space charge effects. This very efficient technique, which we call "forward method", is detailed in this paper and applied to the LINAC4 beam. THE "FORWARD METHOD" The forward method is a technique which aims at reconstructing the transverse emittance of a beam of particles at a given location by using information on the beam size measured at three locations downstream. It is assumed that no active elements are located after the point where the emittance is measured. This method consists of two main steps. First Step, the 3 Monitor Method The 3 monitor method is now well established and is detailed for sake of completeness. The beam envelope evolution can be represented by the sigma matrix, written as follow, assuming the three planes are uncorrelated. = = − − If we define a transport matrix R of a beam line going from Z=0 to Z=L as: = The relation between the sigma matrix at Z=0 and Z=L, assuming a constant emittance, is: = ∗ 0 ∗ By introducing a monitor in the beam line, we can measure the first row – first column term and we have therefore the following relation: = − 2 + If we measure the beam sizes at three different locations, we obtain a system of three equations similar to the one above. The transport matrices from reconstruction point to monitors being known, the emittance ε, and the Twiss parameters α and β can be found by solving the system of 3 equations. This method is fairly accurate if the beam line geometry is well known, the emittance constant and the transport matrix does not depend on the beam input characteristics. In presence of space charge, the latter condition is not satisfied, and this dependence can lead to substantial error in the emittance estimation. This potential error on emittance reconstruction is illustrated by figure 1. It shows, in blue, the horizontal rms beam envelope along the temporary commissioning bench after the 50 MeV DTL in presence of space charge (65 mA peak current). The dashed lines represent the location of the 3 profile monitors. The beam sizes at the location of the monitor are used through the 3 monitor method, and the input beam parameters reconstructed. The red line represents the envelope of the reconstructed beam simulated without space charge, the green line the envelope with space charge. Two information in this graph: first, the difference between the blue and the Proceedings of HB2012, Beijing, China TUO3B03 Beam Dynamics in High-intensity Linacs ISBN 978-3-95450-118-2 283 C op yr ig ht (C )2 01 2 by th e re sp ec tiv e au th or s— C C B Y 3. 0 red/green lines at z=0 tells us that using only the 3 monitor method in presence of space charge is not accurate; second, the difference between the blue and green lines at the monitors tells us that the space charge self-forces depend quite strongly on the beam volume, and therefore, an iterative process is necessary. Figure 1: Nominal and reconstructed horizontal rms envelope at the Linac4 DTL output (50 MeV). Second Step, Multiparticle Iterative Process Before starting the iterative process, the three monitor method should have been applied in both transverse planes and starting conditions found at a common point. We can then generate a beam distribution for a multiparticle tracking code [3], knowing the Twiss parameters in both planes from the previous step and assuming a longitudinal distribution as we guess it at that point. Note that the choice of the distribution type (Gaussian, uniform, etc...) may influence the calculation by modifying the space charge forces distribution. A series of statistical runs is then launched by randomly varying the input alphas, betas and emittances parameters. At each run the beam sizes at the 3 monitors are compared with the measured values and a convergence criterion is given by the quadratic error: − The input Twiss parameters which minimize the function above, are retained. A detailed example of the method is given in the following section. THE "FORWARD METHOD" APPLIED TO LINAC4 In view of the Linac4 commissioning preparation, a simulation campaign was performed at each beam energy stages in order to validate the forward method [4]. In particular the emittance reconstructed from the simulated profile measurements has been compared with the emittance as calculated directly from the particles coordinates. The example of the emittance reconstruction simulation at 50 MeV (DTL output) is detailed below. Measurement Line Layout For the 50 MeV commissioning stage, a temporary test bench will be installed after the third DTL tank. As shown in figure 2, it comprises 2 EMQs (electromagnetic quadrupoles), 2 corrector magnets (black rectangles) and 3 profile monitors (red rectangles). Figure 2: 30-50-100 MeV test bench layout. The EMQs on the test bench and the one permanently installed after the DTL are used to generate a waist, in the plane being measured, at the location of the central monitor (see fig.1 for the horizontal plane). The 3 profile monitors (SEMGrids or WireScanners) are located at such distances that we can reach a 60° transverse phase advance from monitor to monitor. The following table summarizes the expected beam sizes at the monitors in such configuration. These beams sizes have been obtained by propagating the beam to the monitor and sampling it with the resolution of the monitor, including errors due to noise on detector wires signals [4]. Table 1: Expected Measured rms Beam Sizes at the Monitors Beam sizes (rms) Hor. plane Vert. plane Monitor 1 1.37 mm 1.23 mm Monitor 2 0.51 mm 0.73 mm Monitor 3 1.78 mm 1.40 mm The beam line is supposed to be well known (distances from magnets and diagnostics, quadrupole gradient). In this particular case, the quadrupole settings used for the horizontal and vertical plane measurement are different, the beam emittance has to be reconstructed upstream the first magnet. Table 2 gives the comparison between the reference and the reconstructed emittance parameters at that location after the classical method (no space charge included). We can notice a large discrepancy between the transverse ellipses parameters in both planes (up to 2 for alpha and more than 50% for beta), as shown already in fig 1. To improve the accuracy a beam distribution is generated with the parameters found, considered as a starting point for the iterative process with the multiparticle tracking code. The beam line is simulated few hundred times including the space charge effect. At every run, the transverse beam parameters are randomly changed, and the beam sizes simulated at the monitor location recorded. The retained candidate is the input 0.0E+00 5.0E-04 1.0E-03 1.5E-03 2.0E-03 2.5E-03 3.0E-03 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 X RM S (m ) z (m) TUO3B03 Proceedings of HB2012, Beijing, China ISBN 978-3-95450-118-2 284 C op yr ig ht (C )2 01 2 by th e re sp ec tiv e au th or s— C C B Y 3. 0 Beam Dynamics in High-intensity Linacs beam that minimises the convergence criteria defined in the previous paragraph. Table 2: Reference and Reconstructed Emittance Parameters after Step 1 Twiss parameters Reference Reconstructed


This research was conducted to determine the nutrition status and relationships between nutrient contents and yield of fruit orchard (apple, pear, apricot, peach and plum) in Faculty of Agriculture, the University of Yuzuncu Yıl. Nutrient content analyses were made on the leaves of fifty fruit trees selected as ten tree from per fruit species. Physical and chemical soil properties of research area were determined. Soil and plant analysis results were compared with critical values adequate ranges. Sufficient levels of nutrients and productivity in both soil and fruit trees were also determined. According to experimet results, fruit orchard soil had loamy texture, slightly alkaline pH, insufficient organic matter and insufficient available phosphorus. Lime content of soil was low in pear and apricot orchard and also moderate level in apple, peach and plum orchards. Potassium and calcium amounts of soil were excessive, Mg, Fe, Mn and Cu levels of soil were sufficient, and Zn level was close to critical level. Nitrogen contents of fruit trees were insufficient, P, Fe, Mn and Cu contents of trees were sufficient, and K, Ca and Mg contents were also sufficient or excessive. All fruit trees had insufficient Zn level except plum trees.


Myxoma is a benign soft tissue tumor that can occur in a variety of locations. Intramuscular localization is common, myxomas of the paravertebral muscle are relatively rare and only few cases have been described in literature. Juxta-articular myxoma on facet joint is extraordinary. The current case described paraspinal muscles juxta-articular myxoma of the lumbar region in a 61-year-old man causing back pain and sciatica. Radiological findings showed a mass in the nearby of L5-S1 facet joints mimicking a big synovial cyst that deepened down into the psoas major muscle. A PET scan showed a higher metabolism involving the mass and no other localizations. Intraoperative histological analysis was consistent with Juxta-articular myxoma (JM). Treatment of choice was surgical excision, with complete relief of symptoms afterwards. © 2021 S. Colangeli. Hosting by Science Repository. All rights reserved.


Objective:To discuss the diagnostic value of high frequency two-dimensional ultrasound and CDFI in thyroid disease.Methods:Analyze the results of two-dimensional ultrasound and CDFI in 200 cases with thyroid disease and compare them with pathologic records.Results:The diagnostic accurate rate of thyroid carcinoma is 87%,thyroid adenoma is 91%,nodular goiter is 90%,toxic goiter is 100%,subacute thyroiditis is 82% and Hashimoto's thyroiditis is 80%.Conclusions:The borders,shapes,interior echo types,rear echo characteristics and flow features of thyroid disease are important to its pathologic diagnosis.


For the direct formic acid fuel cells, anodic Pd catalyst has attracted considerable attention recently. In order to enhance the catalytic ability, conductivity, and prevent from the catalyst poisoning, the synthesis of Au-Pd solid solution phase decorated on Ir or Ru doped CeO 2 modified MWCNTs substrate by polyol and synchrotron X-ray irradiation method were studied. The composition, structure and morphology were analyzed by XRD, SEM, TEM, TGA, and ICP, respectively. The hybrid AuPd/MOS/MWCNTs were not formed a single phase of AuPd in EG solution via polyol method but successfully synthesized in DI water solution by X-ray irradiation photochemical method at beam line 01A in Taiwan synchrotron radiation research center. The electrochemical analysis of AuPd series electrocatalysts via polyol method, AuPd/Ru x Ce 1−x O 2 /MWCNTs have the highest electro-oxidizing current density in cyclic voltammetry experiment. However, Pd/CeO 2 /MWCNTs have the lowest potential in the maximum electro-oxidizing current density. The results of ECSA indicate the AuPd/Ru x Ce 1−x O 2 /MWCNTs have the highest electrocatalytic property. For the electrocatalysts synthesized via X-ray irradiation method (1A), AuPd/MWCNTs (1A) has the highest electro-oxidizing current density in cyclic voltammetry experiment meanwhile it has the lowest potential in the maximum electro-oxidizing current density. In addition, the results of ECSA indicate the AuPd/CeO 2 /MWCNTs (1A) have the highest electrocatalytic property which AuPd/MWCNTs is almost matched with. Also, the results indicate Pd/CeO 2 /MWCNTs (polyol) have the highest stability up to 10 k seconds with 250 mA/mg Pd current density. Pd/MWCNTs current that than of


Chronic liver disease of any aetiology can result in portal hypertension. Portal hypertension leads to the formation of porto-systemic collaterals including gastro-oesophageal varices. The development of portal hypertension can also herald the development of other complica‐ tions of liver cirrhosis such as ascites formation, hepatic encephalopathy and when varices occur, their bleeding. However it should be noted that portal hypertension also occurs in non-cirrhotic conditions, such as: Budd-Chiari, myeloproliferative diseases and extra-hepat‐ ic portal vein obstruction.


Objective To summarize the author's experience which was obtained in observing and nursing the adverse reactions of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma patients who were treated with Sorafenib.Methods The adverse reactions and their severity observed in 34 patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma who were treated with Sorafenib were retrospectively analyzed.Results Side effects or toxic reaction were observed in all the patients,which included neutropenia,foot-hand syndrome(FHS),fatigue,diarrhea,hypertention,rash,etc.Five patients had to cut down the dose of Sorafenib in order to relieve the symptom,among them one patient had grade 4 FHS,3 patients had grade 3 FHS and one patient had grade 3 neutropenia.Conclusion Being familiar with sorafenib's adverse reaction,closely observing the patients condition and affording appropriate nursing measures,all the above items can definitely improve the therapeutic results and patient's living quality.


The paper presents a method for modifying the strength criteria and plasticity conditions, based on the fundamental properties of the algebra of matrices. The essence of the method is that applying the basic property of the algebra of matrices, the stress tensor in the solid body is multiplied by the damage function. As a result of this mathematical operation, a stress tensor is obtained in the damaged body. Then, from the component of stress tensor of the damaged body, its invariant characteristics are determined and formed, which are substituted into the known criteria of strength and plasticity. Thus, the new criteria contain damage. The modification of both simple two or three invariant criteria and modern multi-surface criteria capable of changing the shape of the limit surface depending on the value of one of the material parameters is considered.


We present the results of ISO SWS and LWS grating scans towards the embedded Young Stellar Objects (YSOs) S106 IR and Cep A East. Emission from the pure rotational lines of H(2) and the infrared fine structure lines of [C II], [O I], [S I], [Si II] and [Fe II], as well as absorption bands due to H(2)O, CO and CO(2) ice were detected toward Cep A. In S106 we detected emission lines of H(2), CO, H I, and a large number of ionized species including Fe, O, N, C, Si, S, Ne and Ar. S106 also shows many of the infrared PAH bands in emission. Excitation temperatures and molecular hydrogen masses were derived from the low-lying pure rotational levels of Hz and are 500 and 730 K and 8 and 3 x 10(-3) M(.) for S106 and Cep A, respectively. Since both objects are expected to have several solar masses of H(2) in their environment, we conclude that in both cases the bulk of the H(2) is cooler than a few hundred Kelvins. Excitation temperatures and line ratios were compared with those predicted by theoretical models for PDRs and dissociative and non-dissociative shocks. The [S I] 25.2 mu m/[Si II] 34.8 mu m ratio is a particularly useful shock versus PDR discriminant and we conclude that S106 IR is dominated by PDR emission while Cep A East has a large shock component. From an analysis of the ionic lines in S106 we conclude that the central star must have a temperature around 37,000 K, corresponding to a spectral type of O8. From its luminosity it is concluded that the driving source of Cep A must also be a massive early-type star. The absence of strong high-ionization ionic lines in its ISO spectrum shows that Cep A has not yet created a significant H Ir region and must be younger than S106, illustrating the process of the clearing of the surroundings of a massive young star.


We develop a universal model based on the classical complex matter fields that allow the optimal mapping of many real-life NP-hard combinatorial optimisation problems into the problem of minimising a spin Hamiltonian. We explicitly formulate one-to-one mapping for three famous problems: graph colouring, the travelling salesman, and the modular N-queens problem. We show that such a formulation allows for several orders of magnitude improvement in the search for the global minimum compared to the standard Ising formulation. At the same time, the amplitude dynamics escape from the local minima.


The heterogeneity of South Eastern Europe (SEE) is an unavoidable fact. If one looks at the national level of the various states in the region as well as at their individual pace of transformation, it is very difficult to present a coherent regional South Eastern European perspective at all. This is the case in several aspects, but particularly in that of criminality and other security issues. This does not mean, however, that we do not see criminal activities organized on a transnational European and international level. On the contrary: organized crime does indeed function exactly this way, but we should delve deeper into national characteristics and look at whether and how politics and crime have joined ranks on the level of the nation-state. I take this to be the prevalent danger in SEE because of weak political, societal, and economic institutions and the lack of public trust in them. More specifically, five points can be made about the context of criminality and security considerations in the region. First, by analyzing organized crime on a state level as well as on an international level, we are examining a transnational and a global phenomenon, and one that is as transnationalizing as it is globalizing. It has to be looked at and acted upon as such in SEE, while keeping in mind its local effects and roots. What we should not do is to treat SEE as a region that is somehow naturally inclined to crime and mafia-style activities—in the same way that we treated SEE a decade ago as an area prone to conflict and war. In both cases, this kind of stigmatization seldom leads to accurate analysis. Second, the phenomenon of organized crime could develop and threaten both (inter)national security and the rule of law in SEE due to dramatic changes in the international system. The break-up of the former Yugoslavia and the collapse of the Communist bloc as a firm ideological system of control both contributed to this, or rather were the most important catalytic elements in these changes. There was an ideological vacuum in the wake of the Cold War that in turn led to a vacuum of legitimacy. Third, due to the need for analytical clarity, as well as to the fact that the successor states of the former Yugoslavia form an important part of the region, the post-Yugoslavia republics and other SEE states have to be dealt with separately. I would argue that the break-up of Yugoslavia and the resulting wars remain the central political events in the region. Last but not least, as this is the subject of the paper, these conflicts should be identified as grand-strategic state-instigated crim-


From the Publisher:
Future computer aided design systems will themselves be designed using tools and methods that are still under development. This book presents the latest progress in research on the tools and methods needed to develop those CAD systems. The topics covered include algorithmic aspects, the product data and development process, future CAD architectures, feature based modeling and automatic feature recognition, complex surface design, and system implementation issues.


By using the data of the Second Survey of Marine Pollution Baseline, the spatial distribution and main sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the surface sediments from BoHai Sea were investigated. The results showed that the concentration of total PAHs from high to low were the coastal area at Qinhuangdao, Liaodong Bay, Laizhou Bay, the costal area at Liaodong Peninsula, the outer sea area and the coastal area at Bohai Bay. Compared with the corresponding quality guidelines, Qinhuangdao and Liaodong Bay would have stronger ecological risk. As to the compositions of parent PAHs, The proportion of the low molecular components at Jinzhou Bay was high, while the components with 4 or 5 rings were dominant in other areas. Based on Fluoranthene/Pyrene and Pyrene/Benzo(a)pyrene ratios, the main source of PAHs was identified from petroleum industry at Jinzhou Bay, petrolic combustion turned into the source in Qinhuangdao and part of Liaodong Bay, and coal-burning was primary in the other areas. The reason why the concentrations of PAHs in the outer sea area were higher than inshore sea in Bohai Bay was probably the adsorption of PAHs originated from fossil fuel combustion on fine particles followed by transfer and deposition.


Objectives:To investigate the effects of intravenous LCT or MCT/LCT fat emulsions on the lipid mediators and pancreatic histological changes in ANP rats. Methods:Forty three male SD rats were randomized to groups as follow.Group A~C were without ANP, group A:normal controls, group B:normal rats having received lipid based TPN and group C:operation control(OC) group having received the glucose fluid.Group D~F were with ANP,glucose group,Intralipid group and Lipofundin group.The amylase and prostaglandins in serum were determined in group A.Pancreatic histological examinations were also performed.In group B~F,Amylases or prostaglandins in serum were determined at 4,48 and 72 h, and pancreatic histological examination and pathological scoring were also completed. Results:Intralipid had no effects on serum prostaglandins when it was infused to normal rats.In groups of ANP,intravenous fat emulsion increased the 6 keto PGF 1α ,and PGE 2 concentration in serum at 4 h.Pancreatic hemorrhagic and fat necrosis were significantly reduced in Lipofundin group. Conclusions:Intravenous fat emulsion does not worsen the damages to pancreas in ANP.MCT/LCT fat emulsion is more suitable for patients with ANP.


Artists, Aesthetics, and Migrations: Contemporary Visual Arts and Caribbean Diaspora in Miami, Florida, is an ethnographic study about Miami-based visual artists, and the relationship between Miami and the Caribbean as it is realized visually. Miami is a diasporic city that has been built on the labor and visual culture of the Caribbean, and shaped into a transnational city by its role as a hub of Latin American and Caribbean migration and trade. However, a Caribbean presence is made to be invisible in much of the contemporary visual arts scene. In the political economy of cultural production, artists are rendered in different degrees of visibility based on their social location (e.g. race, gender, class) and suppositions about Caribbean art practice including expectations for "craft" artwork or subject matter (e.g. tropical landscapes). I argue that artists counter these practices by crafting their work to enact performances in the archive; making visible what is often made to seem invisible. While most studies of immigration attend to farm labor, domestic work, and familial relationships, this project turns attention to the field of artistic production. With attention to artists' work and the socio-geographic terrain of the city, I detail the historic and contemporary relationship between Miami and the Caribbean, and show how artists' works reflect and produce this experience in several ways: engaging the landscape; rethinking migrations; building practices based on diasporic legacies; and intervening in archives. Although tropes of tropicality attempt to silence the full range of visual realities, the works artists produce are not resigned to be exotic items in collections akin to the cabinets of curiosities of early scientists and explorers. Instead, artists act to render themselves visible. The very existence of the artwork changes the possibilities for how we understand migration and visuality, not only in Miami, but globally.


Positive Psychology has recently attempted at "enlarging the paradigm," explaining the understanding of the human experience of the world. By contrast, for Critical Psychology, "enlarging the paradigm" means moving away from an individualist conceptualization of the psychological. The present article aims at "redistributing the Psychological" toward directions already marked by cultural and discursive conceptions of human experience. Within a transdisciplinary frame, labeled as Psycho-semiotics, Diatextual Analysis has been adopted to investigate the rhetorical modes used by socially excluded enunciators (drug users, immigrants, atypical workers, elderly people, and some categories of churchgoer) to elaborate their own experience of well-being through affective labor and self care.


In analyzing the stability of a maintenance process, it is important that it not be treated in isolation from the reliability and risk of deploying the software that result from applying the process. Furthermore, we need to consider the efficiency of the test effort that is a part of the process and a determinate of reliability and risk of deployment. Therefore, we integrated these factors into a unified approach. Our contribution to maintenance is the integration and measurement of these factors so that the influence of maintenance actions and test effort on the reliability of the software and the risk of deploying it can be assessed. We use a safety critical application of national visibility-the NASA Space Shuttle-as an example application of the unified approach


Hemodialysis is the most widely applied renal replacement therapy. Due to the fact that the hemocyte - dialyzer contact leads to the activation of the coagulation pathway, adequate anticoagulation to provide fluent blood flow is crucial. Since the standard parenteral use of heparin is not free from complications and may increase already raised bleeding risk in renal patients, the alternative methods of performing hemodialysis, including heparin-free procedures, are being investigated. These include the usage of anticoagulants regionally in the extracorporeal circuit or repeated saline flushes or other substituting compounds. Citrate module has already become the standard anticoagulant in intensive care for patients on continuous hemofiltration. Its usage in intermittent dialysis program requires some protocol modifications, but it is a valuable input in the development of heparin-free strategies. The other approach that allows reduced heparin usage is the use of an airless dialysis tubing system. Amongst coated dialyzer membranes, the one with heparinized hydrogel polyacrylonitrile was perceived as a significant step forward. Despite the fact that innovative strategies may turn out to be time and resource consuming and not always free of side-effects, they are worth investigating.


[ ] (M=Rh, Ce and Zr) mixed oxides were prepared using urea method to develop a medium for chemical hydrogen storage by their redox cycles. And their redox behaviors by repeated cycles were studied using temperature programmed reaction(TPR) technique. Additives such as Rh, Ce and Zr were added to iron oxides in order to lower the reaction temperature for reduction by hydrogen and re-oxidation by water-splitting. From the results, concentration of urea used as a precipitant had little effect on particle size and reduction property of iron oxide. TPR patterns of iron oxide consisted of two reduction peaks due to the course of . The results of repeated redox tests showed that Rh added to iron oxide have an effect on lowering the re-oxidation temperature by water-splitting. Meanwhile, Ce and Zr additives played an important role in prevention of deactivation by repeated cycles. Finally, Fe-oxide(Rh, Ce, Zr) sample added with Rh, Ce and Zr showed the lowest re-oxidation temperature by water-splitting and maintained high recovery in spite of the repeated redox cycles. Consequently, it is expected that Fe-oxide(Rh, Ce, Zr) sample can be a feasible medium for chemical hydrogen storage using redox cycle of iron oxide.


Abstract Fruit parameters were measured on the same 11 clones grown at 27°N latitude in Kingsville, TX, U.S.A. with 690 mm annual rainfall and at 27°S latitude in Santiago del Estero, Argentina with 605 mm annual rainfall. The major difference between the climates was that the rainfall in the last 2 months prior to fruit maturation was 110 and 290 mm in Argentina vs . 86 and 13 mm in the U.S.A. The absolute fruit sugar concentrations and the ranking of the varieties for fruit sugar was virtually the same in both climates, indicating considerable stability for fruit sugar. In contrast, in many cases, the fruit fresh weight and the percentage of pulp was significantly greater in Argentina with higher rainfall at the end of the fruit maturation period. The ranking of the varieties for seeds per whole fruit was similar but in Argentina, a few clones had significantly less seeds per fruit than in the U.S.A. Due to both a larger fruit size and a greater percentage of pulp to whole fruit for several clones grown in Argentina, the ranking for percentage of seeds per edible pulp portion was different in the U.S.A. and Argentina. While the Italian fruit variety Gialla had very similar fruit sugar and fruit weight in Italy and Argentina, the consumer perception of Gialla was that it was not a 'juicy variety'. Our measurements indicated that it had identical juice to the other varieties, but lacked fruit firmness in Argentina. For the first time, we report juice yields ranging from 53·6 to 69·8 ml 100g −1 of pulp with a mean density of 0·95 g cm −3 .


The prognosis as to reproduction of patients with two surgical procedures for the tubes for managing ectopic pregnancy, is very bad. Two cases of live intrauterine pregnancy, after two tubal pregnancies surgically managed, are presented. Salpingectomy and salpingostomy were carried out in one patient, and salpingostomy and salpingectomy in the other one. In world literature there are only 23 reported cases, since 1947.


There is currently a large amount of attention in the marine seismic industry focused on the acquisition and processing of broadband towed streamer data. The term "broadband" was initially adopted to refer to the ability of extending the frequency band of recorded streamer data by attenuating, or completely removing, the effects of source and receiver ghosts. The ability to "de-ghost" the transmitted and received signals allows the recovery of frequencies attenuated by the destructive interference between primary pressure waves and their mirror reflections from the seasurface interface. This is especially important for the low frequency end of the signal spectrum which is doubly affected by both the source and receiver ghosts.


Inflation expectations is an important marker for monetary policy makers. India being a new entrant to the group of countries that pursue inflation targeting as its monetary policy objective, estimating the inflation expectation is of paramount importance. This paper estimates the unobserved inflation expectations in India between 1993:Q1 to 2016:Q1 from the Fisher equation relation using the state space approach (Kalman Filter). We find that our results match well with the inflation forecasts made by the Survey of Professional Forecasters conducted by the Rerserve Bank of India and by the International Monetary Fund for the Indian economy. We apply the estimated series on inflation expectation to show that there is a long-run equilibrium relation between inflation expectations and monetary policy in India during the post liberalization period.


The complex formation of the copper(II) ion with salicylic acid by means of the EPR and UV-Vis spectroscopy methods has been studied under standard conditions within pH 4.0–10.2 values. It has been shown that in the pH 4.0–5.5 acidic media the I type complex is formed, in which the Cu ion is connected with two salicylic acid ligands H2Sal and two water molecules, when in the pH 7.5–10 alkaline media the type II complex is formed, in which the Cu ion is connected only with two salicylic acid anions Sal. By means of the EPR and UV-Vis spectroscopy methods it has been also estimated that the ligand field of the type I complexes is strengthener than that of the type I complexes.


In genetic relations minor points are often more significant than major ones. And this " minor testimony " bears witness once more to the profound influence on Quakerism of its much abused predecessor sects. In this as in other matters perhaps the historical question of real difficulty is to explain why the Friends became the conspicuous or even the only group that clung to an inherited and widespread usage.


Humanandmouse fibroblast chromosomes carrying tyrosinase or b-locus geneswere introduced, by microcell hybridization, into pigmented Syrian hamster melanoma cells, andthemicrocell hybrids weretested fortransactivation ofthefibroblast tyrosinase andb-locus genes.Byusing species-specific PCRamplification todistinguish fibroblast andmelanoma cDNAs,itwas demonstrated thatthepreviously silent fibroblast tyrosinase andb-locus geneswere transactivated following chromosomal transfer into pigmented melanoma cells. However, transactivation ofthemouse fibroblast tyrosinase gene was unstable inmicrocell hybrid subclones andpossibly dependent on asecond fibroblast locus that could havesegregated inthesubclones. This second locus was notnecessaryfortransactivation ofthefibroblast b-locus gene,thusdemonstrating noncoordinate transactivation offibroblast tyrosinase andb-locus genes.Transactivation ofthefibroblast tyrosinase gene inmicrocell hybrids apparently isdependent on theabsence ofa putative fibroblast extinguisher locus fortyrosinase gene expression, whichpresumably isresponsible fortheextinction of pigmentation inhybrids between karyotypically complete fibroblasts andmelanoma cells. Thegeneration ofdistinct cell typesinmulticellular animalsonlyrecently hasbeguntobeunderstood atthegenetic andmolecular levels. Muchemphasis hasbeenplaced on factors regulating transcription andon theDNA sequences interacting withsuchfactors. However, thecontrol mechanismsdetermining whichregulatory factors will beactive andwhentheywill beexpressed arestill largely unknown, as arethemechanisms whichmaintain thedifferentiated state. Studies on themolecular control ofpigment cell differentiation arestill atan early stage,since pigment-cell-specific geneswere cloned more recently than genesassociated with a numberofother tissue types. Pigmentation inmammalsresults fromthesynthesis of melanin inmelanocytes oftheskin, hairbulbs, andpigmentedepithelium oftheeye.Pigmentation isa complex biochemical andgenetic process,with, inthe mouse, over50 distinct genetic loci involved (41). Thesynthesis ofmelanin inmelanocytes requires theenzyme tyrosinase, encoded by themouse albino (c)locus. Inaddition, other enzymes which regulate thetypeofmelanin synthesized haverecently been identified (for a review see reference 19).Another locus encoding an enzyme related totyrosinase isthemouse brown(b)locus, whichencodes apigment-cell-specific cata


The characterization, development, and availability of various energy sources for large scale energy production are discussed. Attention is given to government, industry, and international policies on energy resource development and implementation. Techniques for energy analysis, planning, and regulation are examined, with consideration given to conservation practices, military energy programs, and financing schemes. Efficient energy use is examined, including energy and load management, building retrofits, and cogeneration installations, as well as waste heat recovery. The state of the art of nuclear, fossil, and geothermal power extraction is investigated, with note taken of synthetic fuels, fluidized bed combustion, and pollution control in coal-powered plants. Finally, progress in renewable energy technologies, including solar heating and cooling, biomass, and large and small wind energy conversion devices is described.


The aim of this diploma paper was to trace the infl uence of the Gothic novel in the novels of Joyce Carol Oates, an d to describe how and to what purpose she uses the extinct genre. The theoretical introduction analyzes the most imp ortant Gothic novels of the eighteenth and the nineteenth century with the focus on the breach between the past and the future the primitive and the civilized as reflected in dramatic settings, demonic villains and fantastic plots. After a short overview of the development of Gothic fiction and cinematography over the twentiet h century, the attention moves to Oates and her contributions to t he genre. The central part of the paper is divided in two pa rts, each for one of the two Oates's novellas narrated in the fir st person by a serial killer. The first is Bobbie Gotteson in The Triumph of the Spider Monkey , inspired by Charles Manson and the monster in Frankenstein . The second is Quentin P_ in Zombie , based on Jeffrey Dahmer and Count Dracula. Each chapter is further d ivided into three subchapters: the first shortly introduces the reallife models, the second explores their motivations and the motivatio ns of their literary counterparts, and the third looks for anal ogies between the fates of these criminals and the mission of the art ist/author. The conclusion summarizes the findings and values Oates's achievement in the wider context of the psychologic al novel: comparing her serial killers to the murderers in Do stoyevsky.


Abstract : Experimental tunnel diode mixers were designed and tested in L-, S-, and C-bands. The lowest measured noise figures were approximately 6 db in L-band, 6.5 db in S-band, and 8.5 db in C- band, as determined with an i.f.-amplifier noise figure of 2.5 db, and a 3-db i.f. bandwidth of 8 Mc centered at 60 Mc. Gallium antimonide diodes tended to yield somewhat lower noise figures than germanium diodes in all three bands. These experimental results are compared with the theoretical properties of an idealized equivalent circuit which was introduced to determine theoretical trends and tendencies worthy of experimental investigation. (Author)


This paper applies the Internet of Things cloud platform technology to traditional state monitoring. The method of accessing the cloud platform through the ESP8266 module is proposed. This method reduces the requirement of the longest connection distance of the intelligent monitoring connection mode, and improves the rapidity of remote monitoring, and improves the real-time and convenience of monitoring target monitoring as a whole.


Holarrhena antidysenterica is found in Himalayan and sub-Himalayan tracts and is used traditionally for a range of health disorders, including colic, diarrhea, dysentery, constipation, flatulence, and urethrosis, as well as being considered functional as carminative, antispasmodic, astringent, anthelmintic, lithotriptic, diuretic, aphrodisiac, tonic, cardiosuppressant, and antihypertensive, antimutagenic, antibacterial and immunomodulatory properties. In this study, the effects of seeds of H. antidysenterica on fasting blood glucose levels in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats were examined, together with its effects on the lipid profile in-vivo. The oral glucose tolerance test revealed that animals treated with seeds of ethanolic extract of H. antidysenterica showed significant reductions in plasma glucose level compared with control group treated with gum acacia. H. antidysenterica seeds induced noteworthy reduction in serum glucose level in streptozotocin diabetic rats after 14 and 21 days, reducing the glucose concentration by 39.7 and 48.0%, respectively, when administered at 300 mgkg−1. When administered to streptozotocin induced diabetic rats at 300 mgkg −1 H. antidysenterica seeds had strong effects on their lipid profile by significantly decreasing total lipid, triglyceride and cholesterol. This pharmacological activity investigation has confirmed that H. antidysenterica seeds confers moderate defense against diabetes in-vivo. In addition, the potential of H. antidysenterica seeds to reduce triglyceride and total cholesterol levels while increasing high density lipoprotein may contribute to its beneficial effects in diabetic rats.


The work outlines the causes of development, clinical manifestations and basic principles of diagnosis and treatment of Crohn's disease. The authors give their own clinical observation: a case of an atypical course of this disease.


Two different geological formations of mountains of ecological sensitive areas around Taihu lake were selected,and 137Cs tracer method was used to analyze the137Cs distribution and soil erosion rules.The results showed that: The137Cs content on the surface of yellow brown soil of sedimentary rocks was more than at the bottom,while the137Cs content in central of rocky body yellow red lava was higher than on the surface and at bottom.Soil erosion variances along body of magma rocky slope were: top of the hillministry slopemiddle slopeits base;variation of soil erosion in sedimentary rocks of the mountain was: slope middlelower slopeupper slope.Overall,soil erosion in the study area was defined as the micro or minor erosion,the soil movement level was low at the surrounding areas in the Taihu Lake without human disturbance of mountain surface soil,and would not result in significant effect on the piedmont and the Taihu Lake,and soil loss was not significant.


This article argues that the well-discussed international behaviour change in Saudi Arabia, rather than being a consequence of the so-called Arab Spring, resulted from a grand strategy reassessment in the early 2000s. Grand strategy concerns how states assess the geostrategic environment, plan resource allocation and prioritize policy to meet national interests. Since the 1970s, Riyadh judged its geopolitical vulnerabilities concerning Iran and Iraq realistically, supporting the least threatening actor from the two and relying on the United States to protect the status quo. However, the 2003 Iraqi invasion forced strategy reevaluation, as it removed Baghdad from the power competition, empowering Tehran, Washington and Riyadh. In this new scenario, Saudi Arabia eventually decides on regional leadership as its priority interest, promoting, thus, partial autonomy from Washington and competition with Tehran. By employing Neoclassical Realism, this article argues that the reevaluation was gradual and in continuity with the monarchical logic. For that, it explores Saudi power position and shifts within status satisfaction and inter-monarchical preferences. Empirically, the article aims to demystify the image of Crown Prince Mohammad bin Salman as something that turned the tables within the leadership, arguing that changes in the country's international relations preceded his rise to power, being linked to King Abdullah. It concludes that, while Saudi Arabian geopolitical goal was clear for outside observers only after 2011, the planning process takes precedence. Theoretically, by providing insight into Saudi Arabia's status-seeking behaviour, its motivations and potential limitations, the article also contributes to discussions about de-Westernizing Realism by incorporating Middle Eastern contextuality.


The soluble or lyo- esterases from the developing embryo and the young nymph of the large milkweed bug, Oncopeltus fasciatus (Dallas), have been separated by a starch gel electrophoretic method. With the substrate α-naphthyl acetate, 14 bands of esterase activity occurred in the 2-day-old egg and this number increased to 19 in the 1-day-otd nymph. Variation in the intensity of esterase activity also occurred during development; the activity of some esterases increased while that of others decreased. An attempt was made to classify the separated enzymes as cholinesterases, aliesterases, and aromatic esterases according to their reactions to certain carbamate and organophosphate inhibitors. When these criteria were used, no cholinesterase was found and two of the bands of esterase activity did not react as either aliesterase or aromatic esterase.


As it says in chapter 10, in the 1970s there was a '. . . golden age of programming when program construction was regarded as an art worthy of gods, and programming concepts were described by mythical terms such as "daemon" and "excorcising"'. Unfortunately the gods proved not to be omnipotent. Bugs that escaped the best minds, such as the famous Woodger and Stenning bug in the concurrent garbage collection algorithm of Dijkstra, Lamport and others, convinced even the most reluctant concurrent algorithm designers that only a fully rigorous state-based proof of correctness (and better still, a machine checked one) could lend any dependability to the business of creating concurrent algorithms. Thus the now enormous field of concurrency verification came into being, and the present book gives a thorough survey of an important part of it, namely techniques stemming from Floyd's inductive assertion method. This is a fairly large book. It starts with a preface and introductory chapter, by which time we are 80 or so pages in. The preface and introduction summarize, at various levels of detail, the material that is to be treated thoroughly later. Interspersed with this overview are descriptions of historic and contemporary war stories of the pitfalls that lurk in the shadows waiting for the less than thorough concurrent algorithm designer: from the early mutual exclusion exercises of Dijkstra, via the concurrent garbage collection story above, to the more recent Intel Pentium bug and Mars lander disasters. In keeping with the unhurried pace of the book, these stories are mostly told in fair detail, and one can really enjoy them. It is a bitter-sweet irony that through tales like these, the subject of concurrent algorithms makes up for its propensity to humble even the loftiest intellects, by furnishing a rich and readily available fund of anecdotes that enables authors and teachers to spice up their presentations and entice new entrants into this discipline. The book properly settles into its stride in chapter 2, where Floyd's inductive assertion method is treated in depth. One of the novel features of the book is its careful separation of semantic and syntactic issues in verification theory, a reappraisal of much that is to be found in the literature where many papers pursue what is effectively a mixed or a language directed strategy. The result for Floyd's method is that the essentials are developed for a straightforward transition system model, allowing the results to be adapted to serve as semantic target for later language-based approaches. This lack of syntactic clutter early on makes for a clear and easily comprehensible account. The next two chapters adapt the bare bones of the Floyd method to the shared variable and synchronous message passing communication models. There are discussions of the methods of Owicki/Gries and of Apt/Francez/de Roever for the two respective cases. As with all the proof methods for concurrency verification discussed in the book, there is detailed and careful coverage of the soundness and semantic completeness of these methods. The semantic completeness approach is characterized by taking the conventional gamut of set theoretic mathematics as given, and ensuring that all needed statements can be conventionally derived. Completeness itself is critically re-examined in chapter 5. Although many an account of


ABSTRACT In the period between Morgagni's De Sedibus (1761) and Cruveilhier's Anatomie pathologique (1829–1842), six pathology atlases were published, in which neuropathological subjects were discussed and depicted. It was a period of transition in medical, technical, and publishing areas. The first three (by Matthew Baillie, Robert Hooper, and Richard Bright) were mainly atlases derived from pathological museum specimens. They were selective rather than comprehensive. Of the other three (by Jean Cruveilhier, James Hope, and Robert Carswell), most of the observations were made during autopsies. These illustrations required special arrangements so they could be executed during the autopsies. These were available in Paris rather than in London, which is the reason why Hope and Carswell made many of the drawings in France. The plates in these three were color lithographs. Baillie's book contains only figure descriptions. Bright's and Cruveilhier's atlases provide case descriptions. Hooper and Hope provide theoretical texts and figure legends. Carswell's book has 12 theoretical sections, each followed by plates. The relative cost of the atlases varied with the number of plates. Although the authors made use of artists and engravers, several were talented artists themselves. Many common neurological diseases were depicted.


Overfishing and Sea Lamprey Petromyzon marinus predation led to extirpation of Lake Trout Salvelinus namaycush from Lake Michigan in the 1950s. Large populations of hatchery‐reared fish were developed by the 1970s, but natural reproduction was limited until the early 2000s when it began to increase in the southern main basin. Hypothesizing that the relatively low mortality of spawning‐aged fish contributed to this reproductive success, we estimated the total annual mortality rate for this population.We used catch curves to estimate the total instantaneous mortality rate Z using coded wire tags, which provided definitive ages. We made separate estimates from fish collected in three on‐going surveys: a spring gill‐net survey, a fall gill‐net spawning survey, and a sport fishery survey.Our estimates of Z ± SE were 0.297 ± 0.019, 0.239 ± 0.009, and 0.205 ± 0.007 for the spring, spawning, and sport fishery surveys, respectively. We suggest that the mean Z ± SE of all survey estimates of 0.247 ± 0.027 would be a reasonable estimate for this population, which equates to a total annual mortality of 22 ± 3%. This estimate is in the low range of rates reported for the species and is in the same range as other populations in the Great Lakes with well‐established natural reproduction.We concluded that these low total mortality rates contributed to the reproductive success in southern Lake Michigan through increasing spawning stock density and age structure and that previous estimates of another important population parameter, the instantaneous natural mortality rate M, were too high. Estimates of M ranged from 0.210 to 0.240 and were based on the Pauly equation, a growth‐ and temperature‐based estimator. We suggest maximum‐age‐based estimators of M are more appropriate for Lake Trout. Several alternative maximum‐age‐based estimators produced estimates for M of 0.132–0.058, all of which are more compatible with our estimate of Z.


Additive manufacturing (AM) enables diversity in honeycomb structure configuration, which benefits optimization of the honeycomb structure. In the present study, we proposed two locally enhanced triangular honeycomb structures to improve in-plane compressive performance by avoiding diagonal fracture band. The compressive behaviors and failure mechanism of the original and enhanced triangular honeycomb structures made of 316L steel were studied by experiments and numerical simulations. The results show that the cell-enhanced triangular honeycomb structure and wall-enhanced triangular honeycomb structure possess significantly improved stiffness and peak load compared with the original structure. The fracture band along the diagonal direction of the triangular honeycomb structure is caused by buckling of the cell wall, which is related to its topologic structure. Stress distribution is an essential index reflecting the performance of a honeycomb structure. Uniform stress distribution makes the honeycomb structure fail layer by layer, and it can improve the peak load of the honeycomb structure. Defects such as unmelted metal particles and voids caused by AM processing weaken the strength and plasticity, and the resulting brittleness makes the honeycomb structure fall into pieces.


Although nanoparticles (NPs) have been used for many drug delivery applications, oral absorption of NPs has remained a big challenge. NPs for oral delivery of biotherapeutics have to penetrate both the diffusion barrier of the mucus and the absorption barrier of the epithelium. This creates an obstacle for developing an effective NP platform for oral delivery because overcoming these two barriers requires different or even contradictory surface properties. Inspired by the features of some viruses, this study reports the development of a unique sub‐50 nm polymeric NP platform that possesses a large amount of targeting ligands anchored on the surface while being moderately concealed under a "muco‐inert" shield. NP library screening demonstrates a strong correlation between the relative lengths of the surface components and NP behavior on mucosal tissue. When a balance is obtained regarding optimal shielding of ligands, the NPs exhibit both excellent mucus permeation and transepithelial transport, and are efficiently absorbed into systemic circulation. Insulin‐loaded NPs as a model oral therapy for diabetes generates a hypoglycemic response on diabetic animals following oral administration. This study demonstrates the great potency of a NP platform that exhibits an affinity balance between mucus and epithelium in facilitating the oral delivery of biotherapeutics.


Material location influencing the production progress and security state directly, in the paper we have developed one practical material location detect system which based on the Microcontroller with ARM kernel and Profibus Bus, adopting new design mode, using advanced technology of signal being gathered fast, making the system not have the basic functions of sensing measurement and display merely, also have intelligent functions such as information processing, and self-diagnosing the trouble, etc. trough actual testing, the system performance is very well and stable.


Why are people with focal epilepsy not continuously having seizures? Previous neuronal signaling work has implicated gamma-aminobutyric acid balance as integral to seizure generation and termination, but is a high-level distributed brain network involved in suppressing seizures? Recent intracranial electrographic evidence has suggested that seizure onset zones have increased inward connectivity which could be associated with interictal suppression of seizure activity. Accordingly, we hypothesize that seizure onset zones are actively suppressed by the rest of the brain network during interictal states. Full testing of this hypothesis would require collaboration across multiple domains of neuroscience. We focused on partially testing this hypothesis at the electrographic network level within 81 individuals with drug resistant focal epilepsy undergoing presurgical evaluation. We utilized intracranial electrographic resting-state and neurostimulation recordings to evaluate the network connectivity of seizure onset, early propagation, and non-involved zones. We then utilized diffusion imaging to acquire estimates of white matter connectivity to evaluate structure-function coupling effects on connectivity findings. Finally, we generated a resting-state classification model to assist clinicians in detecting seizure onset and propagation zones without the need for multiple ictal recordings. Our findings indicate that seizure onset and early propagation zones demonstrate markedly increased inward connectivity and decreased outward connectivity using both resting-state (one-way ANOVA, p-value=3.13e-13) and neurostimulation analyses to evaluate evoked responses (one-way ANOVA, p-value=2.5e-3). When controlling for the distance between regions, the difference between inward and outward connectivity remained stable up to 80 mm between brain connections (two-way repeated measures ANOVA, group effect p-value of 2.6e-12). Structure-function coupling analyses revealed that seizure onset zones exhibit abnormally enhanced coupling (hypercoupling) of surrounding regions compared to presumably healthy tissue (two-way repeated measures ANOVA, interaction effect p-value of 9.76e-21). Using these observations, our support vector classification models achieved a maximum held-out testing set accuracy of 92.0±2.2% to classify early propagation and seizure onset zones. These results suggest that seizure onset zones are actively segregated and suppressed by a widespread brain network. Furthermore, this electrographically observed functional suppression is disproportionate to any observed structural connectivity alterations of the seizure onset zones. These findings have implications for the identification of seizure onset zones using only brief electrographic recordings to reduce patient morbidity and augment the presurgical evaluation of drug resistant epilepsy. Further testing of the interictal suppression hypothesis can provide insight into potential new resective, ablative, and neuromodulation approaches to improve surgical success rates in those suffering from drug resistant focal epilepsy.


What is a 'word'?: different views For speakers of some languages, the 'word' is a robustly intuitive notion. But it seems that no matter what the language, we have a hard time providing an exact definition that encompasses all and only those entities that our intuition tells us are words (see, e.g., Anderson 1985b: 153–4). This means that the concept 'word' is nothing if not elusive, and suggests that perhaps there is no concept of word that is universally applicable. Indeed, if there is no cross-linguistic, or universal psycholinguistic evidence for the existence of the word, then we may well doubt the validity of the word as a primitive natural language construct. It could a priori be the case that there is really no such thing in absolute terms as the 'word', and that it is just an artifactual linguistic construct that happens to coincide with salient units intermediate between morphemes and phrases that happen to appear in many of the world's languages. There is another reason why the possibility that the 'word' is a derived rather than primitive construct may occur to us: words are definable using several disparate linguistic criteria. For some of these criteria considered in isolation, the label 'word' seems strangely inappropriate, since words so defined seem overly abstract, with nothing very 'word-like' about them. Let us take a look at these criteria to see if any of them are closer than others in providing an accurate portrayal of 'word'.


In qualitative interviews conducted during 2009/2010, 86 male interviewees frequently "explained" violence between men in Indonesia as resulting from low socioeconomic status. This paper is not about how violence actually happens, but about how it is explained by Indonesian men. We unpack the discursive assertions of interviewees, and first explore the cultural utility and validity of the "hydraulic pressure" model of male violence found popular in the Indonesian mass media. While some men used this simple model of explosive violence caused by pressure, others acknowledged the active choice of men in marginal economic circumstances to use violence. We then consider this range of explanations for the link between socioeconomic disadvantage and male violence through the lens of Messerschmidt's "compensatory" thesis on violence and masculinity.


Abstract:  Crouzon syndrome is a craniosynostosis syndrome, characterized by cloverleaf skull, hypertelorism, exophthalmos, external strabismus, parrot‐beaked nose, short upper lip, hypoplastic maxilla, and mandibular prognathism. The 5% of individuals with Crouzon syndrome who have pigmentary changes in the skin are said to have Crouzon syndrome with acanthosis nigricans (CAN). Choanal atresia, hydrocephalus and the cranial features of Crouzon syndrome should suggest the diagnosis of CAN even before acanthosis appears. We present a 10‐hour‐old newborn who presented with bilateral choanal atresia, craniosynostosis and acanthosis nigricans. Molecular tests identified the FGFR3 Ala391Glu substitution confirming the diagnosis of CAN. Of the 35 cases of CAN reported in literature till date, only one child had acanthosis nigricans at birth. This is the first case from India to have been reported with this mutation.


In this paper we analyze the dispersion property of some models involving Schr\"odinger equations. First we focus on the discrete case and then we present some results on graphs.


Abstract Society has built institutions to face various problems in each area of our lives. Yet, institutions face considerable problems in fulfilling their objectives in a continuously changing world. With this in mind, the present study starts from the institutional resistance to change and searches for ways to improve efficiency and increase the positive impact on social welfare. For this, we start by looking at the competition authorities as new institutions and we study how they work and the role of communication, learning, and transparency in increasing institutional efficiency and receiving social legitimacy. The paper begins with a mixed theoretical approach to institutional change and focuses on the role of legitimacy in stimulating institutional change, and the type of institutional change for increasing efficiency. The research ends with the Romanian case study which shows the necessary aspects for making the institutional change real.


The origin of the stability of diamondoid dimers containing very long carbon–carbon bonds was examined using density functional theory (DFT) calculations with local response dispersion correction. ...


722 medical histories and individual maps of pregnant women, who were registered in the perinatal center of
Uzhhorod during 2004–2009 рр., have been analyzed. This has been conducted in order to study the prevalence
of arterial hypertension with pregnant women and the development of criteria for a differentiated approach to the
principles of correction of blood pressure in this category taking into account the current European and national
guidelines. It has been established that the leading place in the structure of extragenital pathology of the surveyed
pregnant women was occupied by the secondary (symptomatic) hypertension, among which hypertension of renal
origin dominates (61,1 %).
Key words: symptomatic hypertension, renal hypertension


Background: Drug particle size determines the lung deposition of aerosolised medicine in asthma, [1] but is unknown in COPD. Aerosol deposition and its lung distribution have implications for the clinical efficacy of therapeutic aerosols. Aim: We determined the lung deposition of 3 particle-sizes of inhaled salbutamol sulphate (SS) in COPD patients, and compared to healthy subjects (HS). Methods: COPD patients (n=12, FEV 1 = 70%pred) and HS (n=12, FEV 1 = 107%pred), inhaled 99m Tc-radiolabelled SS monodisperse particles sizes (1.5, 3 and 6-µm) at two different (fast >60L/min and slow 30L/min) inhalation flows. Lung deposition was visualised using gamma-scintigraphic imaging and penetration index (PI) assessed how far into the lungs each inhaled aerosol penetrated. Results: Smaller particles achieved significantly better lung penetration (1.5m >3µm >6µm; p<0.05) at both fast and slow inhalation. Diseased COPD lungs led to decreased aerosol penetration versus healthy airways
 Conclusions: This is first data to precisely assess aerosol behaviour in COPD patients and to compare diseased versus healthy lungs. Striking differences in the deposition behaviour of different sized drug particles exist within COPD airways. Small aerosol particles inhaled slowly are more able to penetrate to all parts of the lungs. The airways obstruction in COPD patients do not allow aerosol particles to penetrate as far as in HS. [1]Usmani et al. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2005; 172:1497–1504. Funded: UK-National Institute for Health Research CDF-2011-04-053.


Amorphous silicon carbide films were deposited by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) technology using SiH4, CH4, H2 and NH3 gas as precursors. The concentration of elements in the films was determined by RBS and ERD analytical method. Chemical compositions were analyzed by FT-IR spectroscopy. Raman spectroscopy study of the SiC films were performed by using a Raman microscope. Irradiation of samples with neutrons to fluencies A(7.9x1014 cm-2), B(5x1015 cm-2) and C(3.4x1016 cm-2) was performed at room temperature. Raman spectroscopy results of SiC films showed decreasing of Raman band feature intensity after neutron irradiation and slightly decreased with increased neutron fluencies. Raman spectra differences between types of films before and after neutron irradiation are discussed. The electrical properties of SiC films were determined by the I-V measurement at 295 K. The measured currents were greater (about two order) after irradiation than the current before irradiation for all samples and rose up with neutron fluencies.


This paper introduces DC/DC reducing consumption principle and two ways for current sampling in the current type PWM LM5026 CS pin,the current is sampled by using a sampling resistor and a current sense transformer,and their respective advantages and disadvantages are compared.Experimental results indicate that both ways can effectively controlle the output of PWM signal,ensure the safety and stability of the chip.However,the use of current transformer for current sampling can effectively improve circuit's conversion and reduce power consumption.


Some problems facing the cities in modern times begin to be highlighted due to the development into the information-oriented society via the stage of industralization. The structures built centering on the second industries have become superannuated to degenerate as horrid objects while losing their purposefulness with the emergence of the information age. In designing a hotel space where people stay temporarily unlike the housing space for a permanent stay, housing designers are making efforts to work on space design that could be more imprinted in the mind of the users. As the fruit of their sheer labor, the space design in modern hotel design comes to direct a diversity of atmospheres by virtue of various art genres which try to apply it to a space by borrowing it and changing its appearance. Thus, this study aims to look into how the gradually evolving conversion design hotel come to be recreated as an urban regeneration space while retaining the value of the space used in the past, and to analyze & systematize its subsequent design patterns applied to conversion design hotel space with focus on the recent cases.


The Internet Gaming industry is booming. With thousands and millions of users, the data reflecting user gaming activity is growing exponentially. However, the nature of non-contractual online gaming is volatile, with multiple, perhaps latent, factors affecting customer churn. The dependencies and possible factors for churn can be discovered using Data Mining and Machine Learning methods, with varied success. Temporal character of non-contractual paid online gaming activity represents a challenge as well as a valuable source of potential business intelligence regarding churn. This Master Thesis explores one static and one temporal Machine Learning approach to analyze the multivariate time series reflecting online casual micro-gaming user activity. In focus of the thesis is the hypothesis that the temporal transitions are an important factor for churn prediction, and a method that takes them into account can be successfully used for this purpose. The thesis includes an account of methods selection, deep data exploration, theory behind the algorithms and their implementation as well as evaluation of the methods' performance and effectivity in demystifying the drivers of the non-contractual customers defection.


Received for publication April 15, 2014; accepted December 9, 2014. From the *North West Lung Centre, University Hospital of South Manchester, Wythenshawe; and wThe Institute of Inflammation and Repair, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK. Disclosure: R.B. has received grant funding from AstraZeneca and Lilly Oncology and honoraria from Eli-Lilly, AstraZeneca, Chiesi, and Almirall. M.E. fellowship post is half funded by Lilly Oncology. The other authors have no conflict of interest or other disclosures. Reprints: Matthew Evison, MRCP, MBChB, North West Lung Centre, University Hospital of South Manchester, Southmoor Road, Wythenshawe M23 9LT, UK (e-mails: firstname.lastname@example.com; email@example.com). Copyright r 2015 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. IMAGES IN INTERVENTIONAL PULMONOLOGY


Objective We documented susceptibility in Dahl S rats to coronary atherosclerosis upon the transgenic expression of human cholesteryl ester transfer protein (hCETP) producing severe combined hyperlipidemia, as detected in Tg[hCETP]53 (Tg53) Dahl S rats. In other genetic backgrounds (i.e. Dahl R, spontaneously hypertensive rat strains) transgene expression does not lead to severe combined hyperlipidemia. This study aimed to identify genetic loci that modify the effect of hCETP on hypercholesterolemia observed in different genetic contexts. Methods To identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) that affect hCETP-mediated hyperlipidemia in Tg53 Dahl S rats in contrast to Tg53 Dahl R rats we performed a genome-wide scan for QTL affecting plasma total cholesterol in an F2[TghCETP (R × S)]-intercross male population (n = 159) that are transgenic for the Tg[hCETP]53 transgene. Hybrids were genotyped with 121 informative polymorphic markers. Results We detected three novel hCETP-dependent QTL for hypercholesterolemia: one on chromosome 3 with suggestive linkage [logarithm of odds score derived from likelihood ratio statistic using a factor of 4.6 (LOD) 2.26]; one on chromosome 9 with significant linkage (LOD 4.15), and one on chromosome 11 with significant linkage (LOD 3.48) that have not been detected in other rat intercrosses. Conclusion Three cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP)-interacting loci were identified in a Tg53 Dahl S rat intercross study affecting cholesterol metabolism. These results could partly explain the controversy regarding the atherogenic role of CETP in humans, suggesting the hypothesis that putative CETP interacting genes confound or play an important role in CETP-mediated pro-atherogenic susceptibility in humans. Overall, these observations reiterate the key role of epistasis in complex, multifactorial traits.


A method for using a network entity (MSC) of a radio communication network comprising the steps of: tapping (2, 3, 4, 5) a first TDM resource and a second IP resource for an interface to terrestrial the redde radiocommunication wherein the first TDM resource is distinct and different from the second IP device; and send (6) handover request message identifying the first TDM resource and the second IP resource.


Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of tanshinone and puerarin injection on coronry heart disease of angina pectois and to compare the efficacy with that of Nitrog lycerine.Methods:112 patients with corony heart disease of angina pectoris were randomly dibided into 2 groups.The observe group were treated with 50 mg Dansentong injection,0.5 g Dansenrong injection+5%glucose injection 250 mL,iv.drip.gd for 2 week.Clinical syndrom,Electrocardiogran,Ventricular function level before and after the treatment were observed.Results:The total effective rates for releasing of angina pectoris and improvement of ECG in observe group and control group were 93.5%,64.5%and100%,68% respectively(P0.05).Conclusions:Dansentong+Gegensu injection are effective and safe in treatingangina pecoris.They can treat the patient who can't be treated with Nitrog lycerine.


In this paper, an analytical technique for modeling the statistical distribution of the sub-threshold leakage variation is presented. The technique focuses on the subthreshold leakage variation induced by the within-die channel length variations. The threshold voltage variations due to the channel length variations are also included in the model. The spatial correlations between the parameters as well as the stacking effects in complex gates are considered in the technique. To assess the accuracy of the technique, we compare the results of the model for basic gates and a 1-bit full adder with those of the Monte-Carlo method. The comparison shows a small error of less than 1% for the mean and 10% for the standard deviation for the technologies considered. The same approach may be applied to other parameter variations including temperature, supply voltage, oxide thickness and threshold voltage.


It's become a local joke and a tradition going back decades. Whatever date the Newcastle Show is held on, the rain will start bucketing down right on cue.


In autonomous radio operation, aside from classifying the modulation type, e.g., deciding between binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) and quadrature phaseshift keying (QPSK), it is also desirable to have an algorithm for choosing the data format, e.g., non-return to zero (NRZ) versus Manchester encoding. We will see in our discussions of carrier synchronization in Chapter 8 that, in the absence of subcarriers, when NRZ is employed along with a residual carrier, the carrier-tracking loop takes a loss due to overlapping carrier and modulation spectra, whereas Manchester coding may use either suppressed or residual carrier without such a loss. With this consideration in mind, we shall consider two different scenarios. In one case, independent of the data format, the modulations are assumed to be fully suppressed carrier. In the other case, which is typical of the current Electra radio design, an NRZ data format is always used on a fully suppressed carrier modulation whereas a residual carrier modulation always employs Manchester-coded data. In the latter case, the data format classification algorithm and its performance clearly will be a function of the modulation index, i.e., the allocation of the power to the discrete and data-modulated signal components. Estimation of the modulation index was discussed in Chapter 3. In this chapter, we derive the maximum-likelihood (ML)-based data format classification algorithms as well as reduced-complexity versions of them obtained by applying suitable approximations of the nonlinearities resulting from the ML formulation. As in previous classification problems of this type, we shall first assume that all other system parameters are known. Following this, we relax the assumption of known carrier phase and, as was done for the modulation classification discussion, we shall consider the noncoherent version of the ML


University. The Author would like to thank Professor Roger Goebel for his invaluable guidance, and the Volume XXXVII Fordham International Law Journal Editorial Board, particularly Joanna Pagones, for their superb advice and hard work. The Author also thanks her family and friends for their love and support.


Two numerical wave making techniques are examined with respect to the degree of accuracy. One technique is for the finite-volume method in the curvilinear, boundary-fitted coordinate system and the other is for the finite-difference method in a rectangular coordinate system. The free-surface treatments of the latter are for a two-layer flow and can cope with 3D wave breaking. The wave making techniques are explained and the accuracy and improvement of the techniques are described by the comparison with the records of physically generated waves.


Abstract : A kinetic study has been made of the effect of oxygen pressure 0.000001 to 60 Torr) on the oxidation of Ferrovac E iron at 350 and 400C. The initial rate of oxidation is found to increase with increasing oxygen pressure, while after 180 min the weight gain is independent of pressure. Initially Fe3O4 forms on the surface, and once this is covered by a continuous layer of alpha Fe2O3 the oxidation rate is markedly reduced. The lower the oxygen pressure, the longer the time before alpha Fe2O3 starts to nucleate, and no alpha Fe2O3 is observed after oxidation at very low pressures. An induction period is observed for the oxidation at 0.00005 Torr. (Author)


Mythology is a relatively special literature phenomenon. Chinese mythology and ancient Greek Mythology have many similarities and differences. They happen to coincide in respect of the plot and the characterization. However, the differences mirror their respective national spirit and features, which has imposed a deep influence on the development of the two civilizations.


The different components were separated on a Lobar B column (Lichroprep RP-18, 40—63 Merck) with methanol: 5% formic acid (80: 20 to 100 : 0) as mobile phase (flow rate Smllmin; IJV detector, 280nm, 2.OAUFS) to give five fractions with the following weights : P1 555mg, P2 261 mg, P3 328 mg, P4 175mg, and P5 156 mg. The identification was performed with Ill, 1Hand 13C-NMR, and GC-mass spectroscopy.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to design and implement a team of kid size humanoid soccer robots conforming to RoboCup Humanoid league. Design/methodology/approach – The project is described in two main parts: hardware and software. The hardware section consists of the mechanical structure and the driver circuit board enabling each robot to walk, fast walk, autonomously get up, kick and dribble when it catches the ball. The software is developed as a robot application which consists of motion controller, autonomous motion robot, self localization based on vision system, AI, trajectory planning and network. Findings – This year, the authors' developments for the humanoid robot include: the design and construction of our new humanoid robots structure and implementation of a new recurrent hybrid neural network for walking control. The control system consists of two neural network controllers, two standard PD controllers and a robot walking planar. The proposed neural network controller has three layers, which are input, hidden, and output layers. Originality/value – This paper presents results of research work in the field of autonomous robot-middle size soccer robot, supported by IAUIsfahan Branch (Khorasgan).


This research is overwhelmed by the high number postpartum depression or postpartum blues than years in, so that care for postpartum depression and also the postpartum blues needed. A series of duty and adding a role in mother postpartum can cause for stress. The impact of negative experienced by mother in the short term activity which is depply disturbed. Psychoeducation is intervention can be given at mother with postpartum depression in lowering the level of stress. This study aims to identify the influence of the decrease in the level intervention psychoeducation postpartum blues. The research design used a literature review with an Evidence Based Nursing (EBN) approach from 10 relevant research articles. Search for research articles from several database, namely ProQuest, PubMed, Goggle Scholar and Research Gate. The criteria for inclusion in the study of literature is pregnant women, postpartum mother, patients postpartum blues and mother who suffered from postpartum depression, use psychoeducation intervention, with a design researvh pre-quasy experimental, quasy-experimental and randomized controller trial, in vulnerable time 2016-2021 properly published articles, and use Indonesian or English. The result of this research explained that psychoeducation can be given in 2 session with duration 30-45 minutes late. Instrument EPDS (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale) a device used to measure the depression that serve as a measuring instrument in knowing the success of therapy. The result of a study literature showing that psychoeducation effect on the postpartum blues. This study literature could be to improvement quality of competence nurse in the servise of martenity be able to provode psychoeducation on the postpartum.


One of the activities of the Ministry of National Defense is concern for the quality of education and the number of officers who annually enters the service in military units. These actions are now of greater importance, since the Ministry of National Defense clearly increases the number of Polish soldiers. This is mainly due to the formation of the Territorial Defense Forces and the urgent need to supplement the personnel status in operational units envisaged for cooperation under the so-called reinforcement of the eastern flank.


Introduction Clinical Findings Physical Factors in Mammography Quality Assurance of Equipment Mammography Positioning Technique The Normal Breast Benign Diseases of the Breast Malignant Diseases Imaging in the Follow up of Patients with Breast Cancer Ultrasound: Imaging, Dynamic and Haemodynamic Features InterventionalTechniques Histopathology and Cytology of Core Biopsies and Fine Needle Aspirates of Breast Lesions Breast Magnetic Resonance Imaging Digital Mammography Population Screening for Breast Cancer The Male Breast The Epidemiology of Breast Cancer Appendix Index


In comparison to the lower atmosphere where comprehensive global atmospheric specifications are commonplace, measuring the properties of the atmosphere above the stratosphere is an active area of scientific research. Here, we revisit the use of infrasound as a remote sensing technique for the upper atmosphere. Infrasonic signals from the Tungurahua volcano in Ecuador are used to investigate the behavior of the upper atmosphere. Depending on the atmospheric conditions, stratospheric, mesospheric, and thermospheric arrivals are observed during intervals of explosive volcanic activity. It is found that the travel times of the thermospheric arrivals exhibit a coherent variability with periods equal to those of the harmonics of the atmospheric tides. Theoretical predictions using atmospheric specifications show that the stratospheric arrivals are well predicted but that significant discrepancies exist for arrivals from higher altitudes. As such, these observations suggest a readily accessible means of passive ...


The comprehensive experiment has become an important part in the nursing experimental teaching system.The experience of comprehensive experiments in nursing teaching was introduced for opening better comperehensive experiments.


Chinas first hardcore festival will be held on September 30th in Beijing! KING LY CHEE are so stoked that their made a short video to spread the word ...


The invention relates to an electric control gas conveying anesthesia machine, and belongs to the technical field of medical instruments. The electric control gas conveying anesthesia machine comprises an anesthesia respirator, an anesthesia monitoring machine, a gas supply conveying system and an anesthetic gas volatilization pot. The electric control gas conveying anesthesia machine is characterized in that a pipeline centralizing device is arranged at the top end of the anesthesia respirator, a breather pipe inserting opening is formed in the left side of the pipeline centralizing device, the breather pipe inserting opening is connected with an anesthetic gas breather pipe, a strong force line is arranged on the right side of the anesthetic gas breather pipe, the strong force line is connected with a strong force line inserting opening, an auxiliary gas pipe inserting opening is formed in the right side of the strong force line inserting opening, the auxiliary gas pipe inserting opening is connected with an auxiliary gas pipe, a waste gas pipe is arranged on the right side of the auxiliary gas pipe, and the waste gas pipe is connected with a waste gas pipe inserting opening. The electric control gas conveying anesthesia machine is complete in function, convenient to use, capable of saving time and labor when narcosis therapy is conducted on anesthesia department patients, safe, efficient, and capable of lightening the working difficulty of medical workers.


Critical flow velocities measured by Doppler-shifted third sound in unsaturated helium II films are shown to exhibit a well-defined maximum as a function of film thickness and at this maximum to be considerably higher than those usually found in film flow. In addition the critical velocity is strongly temperature dependent below the maximum and relatively temperature independent above.


Aim\ A computer simulation system is designed, which is used in surveying of electronic circuits. Methods\ Several different mathematical models are established. The advanced language is used in programing. The multimedia technique is used in computer aided teaching. Results\ Electronic circuits in multimedia computer aided teaching system are introduced. Conclusion\ The experiment of the computer simulation teaching are introduced. It will make teaching contents easier to be understood.


We present a general argument showing that the temperature as well as other thermodynamical state variables can qualify as entanglement witnesses (EWs) for spatial entanglement. This holds for a variety of systems and we exemplify our ideas using a simple free non-interacting bosonic gas. We find that entanglement can exist at arbitrarily high temperatures, provided that we can probe smaller and smaller regions of space. We then discuss the relationship between the occurrence of Bose–Einstein condensation and our conditions for the presence of entanglement and compare the respective critical temperatures. We close with a short discussion of the idea of seeing entanglement as a macroscopic property in thermodynamical systems and its possible relation to phase transitions in general.


Introduction Objective was to assess clinical results of treatment of Infected Non Union (INU) of long bones, using Antibiotic Cement Impregnated Nail (ACIN), a single or two staged approach, Stage 1 - Debridement, eradication of infection, primary stabilization with (ACIN). 2nd Stage - Definitive stabilization and early rehabilitation. Methods 185 cases of infected non-union of long bones from Jan 2002 to Jan 2009 were treated in this hospital. 46 females and 139 males, age varied from 17–65 years (Avg. 40). Tibia was the commonest bone to be affected, followed by femur & humerus. The control of infection was by debridement, antibiotic cement impregnated K-nail (ACIN) insertion with or without Ilizarov ring fixator application, second stage treatment by definitive internal fixation and bone grafting was done if required. Average duration of follow up, was 26 months (14–58 months). Main outcome measurements were assessment of bone healing, functional outcome, healing time and complications. Results Out of the 185 cases treated in our institute 174 (93.7%) patients achieved union at an average of 8 months. 2 limbs with non union tibia fractures were amputed on demand by patients, 2 limbs developed severe edema, 7 patients did not achieve union, inspite of repeated procedures. Infection was controlled early especially in Type 1 non unions. 5 patients had persistent infection though mild inspite of 2 or 3 surgeries of exploration and curettage. Discussion and conclusion The two staged procedure described gives satisfactory results. Antibiotic and cement impregnated nails and beads achieve good infection control without any complications and reduce the healing time. Ilizarov fixator helps in stabilization, compression, deformity correction at the same time and plays a significant role in the path to union. Fixator should be removed as early as possible to avoid restriction of movements.


In vitro survival measurements using two human head-and-neck cancer (HNC) cell lines were performed. The specially designed split-dose surviving fraction was obtained and fitted to the linear-quadratic formalism. The repair halftime (Tr), the potential doubling time (Td), α/β and radiosensitivity α, were estimated. Other radiobiological models: EUD, BED, TCP, etc., were used to examine the potential treatment effectiveness of different IMRT techniques. Our data indicated the repair halftime of ~17 min based on two HNC cell lines. The combined α/β, α and Td are α/β = 8.1 ± 4.1 Gy, α = 0.22 ± 0.08 Gy−1, Td = 4.0 ± 1.8 day, respectively. The prolonged IMRT dose delivery for entire HNC treatment course could possibly result in the loss of biological effectiveness, i.e., the target EUDs decreased by 11% with fraction dose delivery time varying from 5 to 30 min. We determined the sublethal damage repair halftime and other radiobiological parameters for HNC cells, and to evaluate treatment effectiveness of the prolonged dose delivery times associated with different IMRT techniques. The estimated repair halftime for HNC is relatively short and may be comparable to the step-and-shoot IMRT fraction dose delivery time. The effectiveness of IMRT treatment may be improved by reducing the fraction delivery time for HNC treatment.


Ectepic pregnaney is a common gynecologic acute abdomen.Transvaginal ultrasonography(TVS),which is a non-invasive and simple-operated examination method with strong repeatability,has become a routine means in clinic.The ultrasoundgraphy diagnosis characteristics,clinical value,image characteristics,differential diagnosis as well as the misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis reasons of ectopic pregnancy were reviewed.