The genera Trichopetalum Harger, 1872, Zygonopus Ryder, 1881 and Scoterpes Cope, 1872 are revised. Illustrations are provided for all but one species, and distributions are mapped. The first known authentic chordeumatidan spermatophores are described for Trichopetalum dux (Chamberlin), 1940. The production of a sticky secretion from the bases of the segmental setae, possibly defensive in function, is also described. The new subfamily Mexiterpetinae is established for the genus Mexiterpes Causey, 1963; the remaining genera of Trichopetalidae are grouped in subfamily Trichopetalinae Verhoeff, 1914 (tribe Scoterpetini Causey, 1969, n. syn.). Trichopetalum consists of seven species, all surface-dwelling or troglophilic: lunatum Harger, 1872, uncum Cook & Collins, 1895, dux (Chamberlin), 1940, montis Chamberlin, 1951, stannardi (Causey), 1951, dickbrucei n. sp. and jerryblatti n. sp. Zygonopus is resurrected from synonymy with Trichopetalum; it contains four troglobiotic species: whitei Ryder, 1881 (for which a neotype specimen is designated), krekeleri Causey, 1960, packardi Causey, 1960 and weyeriensis Causey, 1960. Scoterpes likewise is made up entirely of troglobiotic species, including copei (Packard), 1881, austrinus Loomis, 1943, nudus Chamberlin, 1946, ventus Shear, 1972, syntheticus (Shear), 1972, sollmani Lewis, 2000, and the following new species: alabama, hesperus, jackdanieli, musicarustica, stewartpecki, tombarri, tricorner and willreevesi. It is likely that at least S. copei and S. ventus are "superspecies," consisting of numerous genetically isolated populations, which await study with molecular and/or morphometric methods.


One of the oldest questions in linguistics concerns the origins of Indo-European languages—a large family of several hundred languages, including English and the other Germanic languages, Spanish and the other Romance languages, and their ancestors (including Old English and Latin) and relatives spoken two thousand years ago across much of Europe and central and south Asia. The earliest Indo-European languages are known from historical documents beginning in the first half of the second millennium BCE; today they are spoken around the world. But just as the Romance languages descended from Latin, so all the Indo-European languages must have a single prehistoric ancestor. When and where was that language spoken? In answering that question here, I explore the relationship between traditional methods of linguistic reconstruction and newer tools that have begun to transform the field.


This paper presents a condition maintenance control method for electrical equipment combined with the advantages of cloud model and TOPSIS method improved by grey correlation degree. The cloud model is used to overcome the fuzziness and randomness of evaluation language set in the decision-making process. Besides, the TOPSIS method improved by grey correlation degree aims to solve the grey of evaluation language set. The examples analysis has verified the credibility of the proposed method. Introduction Equipment condition maintenance, based on the online technology providing equipment insulation and performance status, is to determine whether the equipment should be overhauled. Based on equipment status, condition maintenance is from the actual state of the device, taking the safety and economic basis into account[1]. From the development of the maintenance plan, an optimized program is selected, thereby the blind routine maintenance work is greatly reduced. Therefore, the study of the condition maintenance risk strategy can greatly avoid the waste of equipment maintenance resources and human and material resources, and is with broad application prospects and research significance[2]. In this paper, the cloud model is used to combine the fuzziness in the fuzzy theory with the randomness in the probability theory to realize the mutual mapping of qualitative and quantitative. Considering the ambiguity of the evaluation of experts and appraisers, and the incomplete information, the cloud model and the improved TOPSIS method are used to study the risk decision of condition maintenance control for electrical equipment. Cloud basic theory and grey correlation TOPSIS (1) Cloud theory The digital features of the cloud are composed of expected value x E , entropy n E and hyper entropy e H . The expected value reflects the central value of domain which is the most representative point for qualitative concept. The entropy reflects the discretization degree of the cloud droplet and the accepted range in the domain. The hyper entropy represents the uncertainty measurement for entropy which is determined by the ambiguity and randomness of entropy. Thus, the cloud model is usually recorded as ( ) e n x H E E C , , [3]. In the decision-making evaluation, experts usually use natural language to express qualitative concepts[4]. Set natural language as n scales, and n is odd. According to the application requirements of this paper, the cloud computing process when n is equal to 5 is introduced as follows: Set the effective domain as [ ] max min , X X , the middle cloud as ( ) 0 0 0 0 , , e n x H E E C . Then the adjacent clouds are expressed as ( ) 2 2 2 2 , , − − − − e n x H E E C , ( ) 1 1 1 1 , , − − − − e n x H E E C , ( ) 1 1 1 1 , , e n x H E E C and ( ) 2 2 2 2 , , e n x H E E C . The expected value of cloud model is calculated as follows: 5th International Conference on Machinery, Materials and Computing Technology (ICMMCT 2017) Copyright © 2017, the Authors. Published by Atlantis Press. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). Advances in Engineering, volume 126


Information Technology has changed the way information is processed, stored and disseminated. The prime aim of publishing is to disseminate new research findings as widely as possible in a timely and efficient manner. The ultimate goal of EP is to provide fast and easy access to information contained in the publications with simple, powerful search and retrieval capabilities. This paper presents literature reviews of EP, traces its developments and explores the components of EP with the benefits. It examines the rationale for copyright in digital age and trace development of EP in Africa with the challenges. The paper concludes that the future of EP in Africa is brighter with the great potential to flourish.


Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency guidelines (low-risk, non-invasive, nonimplantable). The retractors were then used in the two patients: syndactyly release for the 3-year-old patient with symbrachydactyly and thumb hypoplasia reconstruction in the 11-year-old patient with first webspace widening, metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint chondrodesis and opposition transfer (Figure 1). We have demonstrated the use of the 3-D printed paediatric hand retractor in two hand procedures that require multi-step hand positioning. From our experience, the customized dimensions of the device allow a better fit for the smaller hands in the paediatric population and also allowed the digits to be more easily secured in the desired positions. Subjectively, this improved the efficiency of the operation, and provided unimpeded access and visualization as the assistant's hands are not in the operative field, a common problem encountered when operating on small hands. The assistants in both surgeries expressed that they experienced much less fatigue and discomfort during these hand surgery operations when compared with previous cases where the traditional lead hand retractors (or when no retractors) were used. The advantages of rapid-prototyping 3-D printed surgical devices are obvious. The plethora of material options allows for creative applications to be pursued, including the customization of precise tools for the lead surgeons, radiolucency afforded by new materials and its potential for use in low-resources setting because of its affordability. Our experience demonstrated its particular efficacy in the paediatric population where the customized retractors complemented the smaller hand anatomy and benefited both the lead surgeon and assistants.


Hybrid is a formal theory implemented in Isabelle/HOL that provides an interface for representing and reasoning about object languages using higher-order abstract syntax (HOAS). This interface is built around an HOAS variable-binding operator that is constructed definitionally from a de Bruijn index representation. In this paper we make a variety of improvements to Hybrid, culminating in an abstract interface that on one hand makes Hybrid a more mathematically satisfactory theory, and on the other hand has important practical benefits. We start with a modification of Hybrid's type of terms that better hides its implementation in terms of de Bruijn indices, by excluding at the type level terms with dangling indices. We present an improved set of definitions, and a series of new lemmas that provide a complete characterization of Hybrid's primitives in terms of properties stated at the HOAS level. Benefits of this new package include a new proof of adequacy and improvements to reasoning about object logics. Such proofs are carried out at the higher level with no involvement of the lower level de Bruijn syntax.


This article invokes a maritime call to educators and STEM community members, communicating the urgent need for metaphorical waterways as pathways for young people to navigate various -ships (apprenticeships, internships, mentorship, and partnerships) to improve access to future careers in STEM. We call on all education and community members to embrace the concept of inclusive and accessible pathways rather than a restrictive pipeline mindset in designing STEM education, mentorship, and apprenticeship programs. Educators, researchers, policymakers, and STEM community partners can embed experiential learning opportunities inside and outside the classroom through career exploration apprenticeships and internships. The authors offer recommendations for school, industry, and organizational partnerships to maximize student success further and prepare them for STEM careers. Educators and STEM community members can collectively leverage resources designed for students to align the classroom curriculum with high-demand skills and long-term job-producing trajectories. Advancing policies to explore STEM in mutually beneficial and culturally relevant ways for current and future educators acts as a tributary that feeds into a larger river. Exemplifying STEM pathways, the confluence of -ships are intentionally redesigned to advance and support STEM interests for learners underrepresented in STEM.


When possible values are considered in update operations, unacceptable possible values are created. There are three kinds of unacceptable possible values. The unacceptable possible values can be eliminated from relations without loss of information. By considering this point, update operations can be executed without paying attention to unacceptable possible values.


A photosensitive sensor for precision seeders was developed using photoelectric sensing technology. The sensor was designed with red high brightness light emitting diodes (HB-LED) and photosensitive resistances as objects and with a single-chip microcomputer as a signal collection platform. The improved equipment can monitor the working state of precision seeders in real time. Experimental results show that the monitoring system has an accuracy of 96% in seeding quantity control at different speeds in different environments with blocking and emptying properly determined during fertilizer monitoring. The detector has the potential to be widely used due to its characteristics, such as simple structures, low cost, high precision and reliability.


Rotton's Paralogic Test, Wilson-Barber's Inventory of Childhood Memories and Imaginings (ICMI) and the PPI (Personal Philosophy Inventory) were administered to 100 male and 100 female university students. Both sexes displayed moderately strong (0.50) correlations between content-selected and factor analyzed clusters of possible temporal lobe signs, exotic beliefs and the numbers of childhood imaginings. Although there were no sex differences between the accuracy of logical statements that contained paranormal or neutral content, males who displayed more temporal lobe signs were more accurate for logical items that contained paranormal content. Females who displayed more imaginings were more accurate for valid than for invalid items. Accuracy for items with paranormal content increased with exotic beliefs but not with conservative religious beliefs for both sexes. The relationship between exotic beliefs and accuracy for items with paranormal content was especially strong for females. These results suggest: 1) gender differences in the neurocognitive processes that contribute to logical problem solving and 2) accuracy may depend upon the degree to which the subject matter is commensurate with the person's history of enhanced temporal lobe signs, capacity for fantasy and imaginings and beliefs in exotic concepts.


A company that has developed in general always strive to do all the available alternatives to maximize company profits. One alternative is to streamline the performance of all lines in the enterprise and efficiency of resources used to minimum. PT Graha Cendana is one company that has developed in Surabaya. The company is engaged in the manufacturing bags and suitcases. To take the necessary role of an alternative to the internal auditor who will conduct an examination of corporate performance, this examination is known as the operational audit (operational audit), while PT Graha Cendana not have an auditor to do so. This research was conducted by observation, interview with the production of PT Graha Cendana.. From these findings could be expected to improve performance mananjemen the production department to achieve a predetermined tujtuan company.


We thank Dr Madias for his interest and comments on our study.1 He had several questions, including the cut-off value of T wave alternans (TWA) measured by the modified moving average (MMA) method, and the effects of T wave amplitude on TWA. The first question was whether the value of max TWA (>65 μV) was actually reliable in predicting outcome in the study group. The second question was how effective was the adjustment for the corresponding T-wave amplitude from the influence of heart rate changes. The third question was whether the generated TWA, adjusting the values measured by a parameter reflecting heart rate and T-wave amplitude, could provide a better prognostic value than the cut-off value of ≥65 μV. Because certain numbers of normal individuals showed a positive TWA based on the assumed cut-off value in our study, as well as in other reports, it is very critical to determine the limits of the normal value of TWA. Actually, as Dr Madias pointed out, the max TWA value in our study was higher than that in previous studies in both normal subjects and patients. We also note that the point quoted by Dr Madias was reasonable and important. We think that the technical problem related to TWA analysis using the MMA method with a MARS PC system (GE Healthcare Inc, Milwaukee, WI, USA) was due to automatic filtering and processing of noise and artifacts of the software. We performed manual editing by gross inspection of the Holter records if the data were not eligible because of noise or artifacts. We believe that it is necessary to improve the technical aspects of the filtering system for noise and artifacts when using the MMA method. Furthermore, large-scale surveys with increased study populations are mandatory to evaluate an accurate and reliable cut-off value of TWA by the MMA method for risk stratification. Dr Madias reported that TWA might depend on the T wave amplitude and that measurement of an index of TWA (TWAI) was useful for assessing TWA in the same individual rather than by comparing single TWA assessments of different individuals.2–4 We completely agree that individual measurements of TWAI for each patient can give a good predictable value for risk stratification. Second, we did not evaluate the TWA in terms of duration, amplitude and magnitude as in the previous report.5 It is well known that TWA is heart rate dependent.6 We need to perform selected analysis of ECG tracings at comparable heart rates recorded during resting conditions. This issue, however, might have the limitation of decreasing the merit of analyzing TWA using 24-h Holter recording during the daily life of subjects. Third, Nieminen et al reported that a cut-off point of 65 μV would optimally separate patients at high risk, with cases of referral for routine clinical exercise testing that later developed sudden cardiac death or survived aborted sudden death during a follow-up of 4 years.7 Sakaki et al demonstrated that time-domain TWA with a cut-off point of 65 μV could predict cardiac mortality in patients with left ventricular dysfunction of ischemic and non-ischemic etiologies.8 Therefore, we used a cut-off point of 65 μV. Those authors thought that analysis of MMA-based TWA using a cut-off point of 65 μV can be a useful tool for predicting old MI patients at high risk of arrhythmic events among relatively small numbers of patients. In our study, however, we did not evaluate TWAI and the TWA in terms of duration, amplitude or magnitude. In the future, as suggested, we would like to perform additional analysis with increased numbers of subjects. Again, we appreciate Dr Madias's valuable comments on our article, which will be incorporated into our future study.


Objective To study effects of selenium and fluoride on oxidative stress and apoptosis in rat liver tissue.Methods The apoptosis,cell cycle,reactive oxygen species (ROS),reduced glutathione (GSH) content and lipid peroxidation (LPO) level in rat liver tissue were measured in the presence or absence of seleium(2mg/L) and fluoride(150mg/L).Results Fluoride enhanced apoptosis in rat hepatocytes,increased the number of cells in S phase,increased ROS and LPO levels.Fluoride decreased the cellular GSH content.Selenium could antagonize the fluoride-induced cytotoxicity by stabilizing the cellular GSH content,and by reducing ROS and LPO levels,respectively.A reduction of apoptosis in rat hepatocytes after selenium treatment was observed.Conclusion Selenium can partially antagonism the fluoride-induced lipid peroxidation and apoptosis in rat hepatocytes.ROS participated the process of apoptosis.


In this paper, we conduct research on the practice education in colleges and the universities under the background of the Internet plus. The modern teaching method system is a system and its primary characteristic is systemically. In system composed of a variety of teaching methods, they all around a teaching goal, according to the characteristics of the teaching content, teaching object and teaching environment, each with their own teaching methods, the method, take part of the teaching task and various methods to connect with each other and interacting. If leave the system, then, they may no longer exists or has been greatly weakened. To enhance the traditional teaching methodology, we integrate the Internet perspective to form the novel types of the education pattern which will in some degree optimize the education flowcharts. KeywordsPractice Education, Colleges and Universities, Internet Plus, Background.


This is the 3rd report of the World TRIZ-related Sites Project (WTSP).  As the results of 2 years activities, we have completed the First Edition (Oct. 2019) of the World WTSP Catalogs and are now working to enhance them further.  The Catalogs have 2 main products. (A) World WTSP Catalog of TRIZ Sites has been built with the site data contributed from 4 countries and the results of 2 internet surveys for TRIZ websites in USA and in the world.  It contains 23 Most Important ◎ sites and 39 Important ○ sites.   (B) World WTSP Catalog of Around-TRIZ Sites has been derived by using intensive internet surveys (of about 1000 sites) covering the fields of Creative thinking, Creative problem solving, Innovation, Quality/value/cost/productivity, Patent, etc.  It contains 34 ◎ sites and 128 ○ sites.  The Catalog system is composed of various indexes and many site description files.  Individual sites are described briefly on basic information, and more closely in 3-10 lines or in our standard form of one page and are accessed from various indexes.  This system structure makes the building/updating/managing easy and stable. The project is voluntary based and has a difficulty that "Many people support and join the project, but very few actually work for the project, be-cause all of them are too busy".  This was particularly true when the vision of WTSP seemed so big and the product image and the process were not clear.  Now that the First Edition is demonstrated nicely, the difficulty is much reduced.  Tasks for enhancing the Catalogs are easily divided into smaller jobs achievable by individual members in parallel.  The crucial issue is the coordination work to be served by Country Editors.  We need volunteers having vision, passion, and leadership in TRIZ community in every country.  Let's work Together! Connected !! for making the World WTSP Catalogs more Attractive and Useful!!!


ABSTRACT Noncompete clauses (NCCs), or agreements by employees to not work for a competitor or start a competing business, have recently faced increased public scrutiny and criticism. This article provides a qualified defense of NCCs. I focus on the argument that NCCs should be banned because they unfairly restrict the options of employees. I argue that this argument fails because it neglects the economist Thomas Schelling's insight that limiting exit options can be beneficial for a person. This employee-based defense of NCCs does not absolve all their uses, but it does give us a rough test for evaluating the permissibility of NCCs. With this test in hand, I turn to some of the more controversial uses of NCCs. For those who weigh heavily the interests of employees, the question is not whether NCCs, but when.


The main objective of this paper is to study the feasibility of the receding horizon (RH) strategy to generate the collision-free on-line optimal trajectory for articulated manipulators under dynamic environments. Firstly, we employ the elliptical set to represent the no-collision zone around each link, and explicitly formulate collision avoidance constraints using state-space inequalities. Secondly, to address the major drawback of intensive computation load, we adopt so called the external active-set strategy that is recently developed by Chung and Polak. Simulation results with two-link robot are presented to demonstrate how to implement the proposed method. Main features and related issues for the feasibility of the RH strategy are discussed in detail.


Early mechanical failure of CNC milling motorized spindle having a hidden and complexity is difficult to quickly and accurately identify early machines failure of CNC milling. In this paper, early latent subtle abnormal vibration signals of motorized spindle is detected by PeakVue. Fuzzy neural network diagnosis for each partial signal, and then the sub-diagnosis as evidence, the use of D-S evidence theory to the global final diagnosis, and further improve the early fault recognition rate. Using method of rough set theory data mining obtain processing parts of the surface roughness characteristics of data, which have established the surface roughness of the spectral characteristics of the database. Subsystems, we use FNN fault diagnosis, then the sub-diagnosis as evidence, we use the D-S evidence theory to the global final diagnosis, and further improve the early fault recognition rate. The results show that: This early fault diagnosis model fuzzy neural network and data fusion technology, which is the electrical mechanical failure early prediction accuracy spindle higher generalization ability. Introduction CNC milling machine spindle is the main part of the production process, it was found CNC milling spindle has a mechanical problem misdiagnosed, long maintenance cycle and other issues in production. To be able to find fault in advance to avoid large spindle failure, the paper motorized spindle CNC milling machine for the study of milling vibration, noise, temperature, etc. were detected by detecting various signals and trends to predict, can grasp the operational status of equipment and we found that the variation, predict the likelihood of early failure of the spindle to prevent timely detection of abnormal operation signal, so that timely adjustments [1, 2]. Method of Signal Acquisition Micro Vibration Signal Acquisition. When CNC milling spindle because early mechanical failure, various signals relatively weak, which gives the signal acquisition and processing has brought a lot of difficulties. PeakVue is a new diagnostic technique for rolling bearings and gear fault diagnosis developed vibration signal analysis method for capturing a given time interval in the time-domain waveform peak. Applications PeakVue of technology can find abnormal mechanical vibration signal, especially in the early potential and subtle abnormal signal. When the metal-to-metal collision occurs, it will produce stress waves. Early spalling fatigue, gear and bearing defects, friction and wear and shock wave will cause stress. PeakVue that is through the collection and monitoring of these transient stress waves, and get a peak period occurs and convert the spectral analysis [3, 4]. Surface Roughness Information Collection. Rough set theory is an effective treatment is inconsistent, incomplete data mining information, has the advantage of handling massive data reduction aspects. In addition, the rough set model using only the information provided by the data itself, without modeling to design the model structure and set the model parameters, it has been used to predict the number of complex, large-scale uncertain systems [5, 6]. 6th International Conference on Management, Education, Information and Control (MEICI 2016) © 2016. The authors – Published by Atlantis Press 0730 Electric Spindle Early Fault Diagnosis Model D -S Evidence Theory Fusion Structure of FNN. FNN is a fuzzy theory and neural networks combine the two products. Nature, people are accustomed to using fuzzy information in logical thinking, judgment and reasoning. Fuzzy theory is on this basis, through the membership function with serial and parallel rules for fuzzy information processing. It has been proved theoretically: fuzzy logic system is able to arbitrary precision approximation of a nonlinear function; and the neural network with nonlinear mapping ability, has a close link between the two. Structure Fuzzy Neural Network consists of three functional modules, one fuzzy module, the input signal is fuzzy processing, introducing membership functions that enable more accurate training sample failure; the second is the ANN learning inference module, which uses artificial neural network with a certain algorithm for CNC machine tool spindle servo system fault diagnosis; the third is clear module, which ultimately determine the cause of the failure based on membership artificial neural network output vector to complete the neural network output mode to the diagnostic results clear process, fuzzy neural network structure shown in Fig. 1[5,6]. Figure 1. Structure of FNN Figure 2. FNN Fault Diagnosis Based on Information Fusion Framework Model of Fault Diagnosis. In this paper, based on the decision-making level information DS evidence theory fusion diagnosis model includes data processing, feature local diagnosis and decision-level fusion of three modules, the structure shown in Fig. 2[6]. D-S Evidence Theory The basic strategy is to evidence collection is divided into several parts that are irrelevant, and were using them to identify the framework for independent judgment, and then use a combination of rules to combine them. Dualistic situation as an example, assume that Bel1 Bel2 and confidence are two functions on the same frame of discernment Θ, where Θ is the sample space, that is the power set of the set of propositions made a statement incompatible set 2 Θ configuration. m1 and m2 corresponding basic probability assignment function, m1 and m2 are the focal elements A1, A2, ..., An and B1, B2, ..., Bn, and assumptions[8,9]:


Metal matrix composites based on aluminium alloy matrices are widely being used for structural applications. Though these composites are made by both liquid metallurgy and powder processing routes, the corrosion resistance of these materials is still not well understood. In the present study, an attempt has been made to produce composites consisting of commercial pure aluminium (99%) and silicon carbide particles by the powder metallurgy route and characterize their corrosion behaviour in the as sintered condition in 3.5% NaCl solution of varying pH levels. Results of the study indicate that the composites in the as sintered state have better corrosion resistance than the monolithic material


Arthur Engelbert and the participating artists use light hikes, different forms of meditation and thematically changing, acoustic and visual works of art to show how much time, space and art are interconnected. The idea of artificial light in its composite form develops at three artistic events in Sicily: each time at the solstice on June 21, meditation was held in the Castello di Ficarra in the mountain village of the same name with a view of the rising sun. In the evenings, the artistic installations and photo exhibitions opened in the Palazzo Milio, which is known for its art exhibitions.

With contributions by
Timo Brüsewitz, Benjamin Flesser, Kai Gregor, Céline Keller, Volkhard Kempter and Marek Poźniak


Geographical Indications and traditional knowledge associated with Chamba rumal in the state of Himachal Pradesh are the current research subjects. A visual art form characterized by characteristic embroidery, Chamba Rumal arose and flourished in Chamba, Himachal Pradesh, during the 17th and 18th centuries and is being practiced today. Rumal is a Persian name that refers to a square piece of cloth that is used as a handkerchief in traditional Persian culture. Paintings influence the fundamental structure and themes of Chamba Rumal; there is a prevalence of God depictions, notably of Vishnu in his numerous incarnations, which is a theme that runs throughout the collection of paintings. Dorukha-tanka embroidery is an extremely rare and one-of-a-kind stitch that has never been seen before in the history of Indian embroidery. The Dorukha-tanka stitch is a double satin stitch that is employed in Chamba Rumal embroidery. The present research attempted to determine the degree of public awareness of traditional knowledge connected to GI Chamba rumal in the state of HP. This study also sheds light on the historical context of Chamba rumal and the many topics and traditional knowledge associated with Chamba rumal, among other things.


The transcriptional co-repressor p107 has previously been shown to determine the metabolic fate of differentiated mesenchymal stem cells and their progenitors in a cell autonomous manner. Importantly, our new data shows that p107 influences stem cell fate decisions by its nuclear re-localization that results in regulating the bioenergetic status of the cells during G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle. In particular, p107 depleted primary stem and progenitor cells at G0/G1 undergo profound metabolic alterations including anaerobic glycolysis and significantly increased respiration. Our results show that p107 KD and KO stem cells and progenitors have an inefficient malate-aspartate shuttle, which decreases the availability of NADH into the mitochondria. Additionally, we found significantly elevated levels of two enzymes that enhance glycolysis, LDHa and PDK2. The effect of bioenergetics on adipocyte lineage fates is evident from inhibition of anaerobic glycolysis, which prevented the brown-type differentiation potential of p107 KD stem cell lines.


Sodium hyaluronate (NaHy) and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) behave similarly with respect to concentration.N 3 of an added 1 : 1 electrolyte. The second virial coefficient A2 (light scattering) is identical within experimental error at a given.N 3. The limiting viscosity number [η] also varies with N3−1/2in similar fashion for samples of similar [η] of the two polymers. Differences in Na+ activity in salt‐free solutions are interpreted on the basis of weaker Na+ binding in NaHy, presumably due to the greater charge separation along its chain backbone. Added electrolyte is excluded in dialysis more strongly by NaHy (or its acid form) than by NaCMC. The Flory parameter Φ is smaller in good solvents for NaHy, as for many other polyelectrolytes, than for nonionic polymers.


The paper discusses the problems on accurate assembly of large-sized cylinder segments by illustrating an example of the geokhod assembly. The mathematical expressions for determining deviations of sector profile from the nominal circle of the shell depending on the radius of sector, its tolerances and the location of supports. The influence of the distance between the supports on the profile deviation is shown. Solutions to minimize the profile deviation are given.


We performed objective spectroradiometric measurements on an LCD image of the recently famous Tumblr dress which is typically perceived by people as blue/black or white/gold. The average ± standard deviation of the CIELAB coordinates was as follows: For a set of 33 points in the areas considered as blue/white, L* = 46 ± 6, C*ab = 33 ± 6, and hab = 282 ± 3°, and for a set of 36 points in the areas considered as black/gold, L* = 29 ± 6; C*ab = 10 ± 4; hab = 16 ± 34°. Initially, this first set of values has low variability and corresponds to a blue color, whereas the second set of values has a very large hue-angle range, including points which can be considered as both gold and black colors. We also performed spectrophotometric measurements on an original model of this dress, and, assuming D65 illuminant and CIE 1931 colorimetric standard observer, the average results were L* = 26, C*ab = 39, and hab = 289°, and L* = 10, C*ab = 1, and hab = 290° for the blue/white and black/gold points, respectively. We discuss the influence of different factors on the blue/black and white/gold perceptions of different people, including observers' variability in color-matching functions, Bezold–Brucke and Abney effects, background influence, and illumination assumptions. Although more research on the effect shown in this dress is needed, we think that from this example we can learn that objects do not have specific colors; that is, color is a human perception, and many times the answer of the human visual system is not simple and relies on assumptions of unknown, and variable, origin. © 2015 The Authors Color Research & Application Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc., 40, 525–529, 2015


Three patients with Stickler syndrome are reported. Two of the patients were found among the 26 children attending a special pre‐school for the visually impaired. One of the patients had bilateral choanal atresia which may represent an extreme example of the mid‐facial hypoplasia commonly seen in these patients. It appears that Stickler syndrome may not be as rare as previously thought.


David P. thought the chance to go to Egypt for 16 months to supervise construction of a large water treatment plant was the answer to his mid-career doldrums. His wife was an avid student of archaeology and had heard from others in the company that everyone on this project had maids and that spacious villas could be found to rent. David had worked as a resident engineer on several large plants and had no qualms about his ability to handle the job; he even had visions of himself as a technological Dr. Livingstone, bringing modern and proven construction techniques to a developing nation. Almost before they knew it, they found themselves in a busy, dirty, noisy city of millions of people speaking Arabic, of which they spoke not a word. David found the hours long, construction techniques proven hundreds of years agoand indifference to "the way we do it in America." He worked six days a week with only Fridays off and found little time to visit historic sites that were days away over poor roads. The motor home he had left behind with his brother to sell suddenly loomed as a major problem; telephone calls were time-consuming and costly, and it took at least a month to get information back and forth. Villas were so expensive to rent that the housing allowance, which had seemed so handsome before they left home, was only enough for an apartment amidst the madding crowds. Within six months David and his wife realized they had made a terrible mistake and could look forward to 10 more months of frustration and flies with no options for retreat.


The Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) continues a ramp up in proton beam power toward the design goal of 1.4 MW on target. At Megawatt levels, US and Japanese studies have shown that cavitation in the Mercury target could lead to dramatically shortened target lifetime. Therefore, it will be critical to measure and control the proton beam distribution on the target, in a region of extremely high radiation and limited accessibility. Several sources of photons have been considered for imaging the beam on or near the target. These include a freestanding temporary screen, a scintillating coating, Helium gas scintillation, optical transition radiation, and a beam- heated wire mesh. This paper will outline the selection process that led to the current emphasis on coating development. In this harsh environment, the optics design presented significant challenges. The optical system has been constructed and characterized in preparation for installation. Optical test results will be described along with predictions of overall system performance.


Multiculturalism,as "an idea,a philosophical view,a value orientation and an educational reform",has greatly influenced all aspects of society,especially education,and directly led to the formation of multicultural education concept.With the development of pluralistic society,theory of multicultural education has been applied in education with considerable influence on educational policy towards ethnic minorities and immigrants.Through comparing Western multicultural education and ethnic minority education in China,we can apply Western multicultural education theory in optimizing the making and implementation of ethnic education policy in China.


An algorithm for modeling and an example of calculating gas release flows from the surfaces of the flow part of a turbomolecular pump by the Monte Carlo method in a three-dimensional setting low-density gas flow is considered.


Abstract:Amidst intensified regional cross-border infrastructural and economic connectivity, northern Laos has witnessed an increasing number of small-scale retailers from diverse backgrounds aspiring to partake in the trade of Chinese and Thai commodities. However, their individual entrepreneurial trajectories have not been given serious scholarly attention. One reason for this could be their own discursive downplaying of their actions, stressing the smallness and insignificance of their endeavours. However, putting their self-deprecating narratives at the centre of analysis reveals instances of entrepreneurial success paired with a considerable degree of transnational knowledge, experience and skills. Their struggle to locate their work within the rigid occupational environment of post-socialist Laos provides in turn the necessary room for their flexible and skilful economic experimentations.


The assessment of transport infrastructure is one of the significant criteria for a foreigner who chooses another country as a place of work or study. This article is aimed at identifying and scientifically describing ethnic stereotypes in the assessment of transport and transport infrastructure of the host country, analyzing the elements of ethnic consciousness involved in the formation of prejudices towards foreign culture or everyday phenomena. Since any ethnic stereotypes are "fragments of contacts" between peoples, their assessment in terms of historical and cultural interaction seems important and timely. Ethnic stereotypes in the assessment of transport infrastructure have a significant impact on the formation of the image of the country and affect the process of social and cultural adaptation of a foreigner. Research carried out in this direction makes it possible to find effective solutions to specific problems and to take into account the specifics and the influence of the human factor on the artificial environment, and the transport environment is part of it. Given the diversity of real ethnic groups, which include traffic users, it is necessary to raise the issue of developing verified programs of social and cultural adaptation for various categories of foreign citizens.


Six species of flatfooted flies, Platypezidae, are reported as new to Finland based on authors investigations during years 2003-2005. Detailed information of Finnish records as well as data on host fungus association and habitat of adults are given. This study reports the first confirmed breeding record for Agathomyia lundbecki from Inonotus radiatus, and recorded Platypezina connexa repeatedly as bred from strongly decayed and softened trunk of spruce.


Agro-ecosystem, an important k€y in environment as its changing would be consequent to changes in vast cereal ecosystem, the components and their functions of-paddy fields has been formulated with selection of two varieties vrz. kimaphou (CV,) and Phoudongb" tCvrl for faciliating and understanding of the components of eco-system of ieedling period -anit i*o* of meteorolo-gical flctorsr The RGR on heighg biomass (RGM, RGRw) canopy, La, rel growth ofiadiclq growt'h of plumule and radicle/plumule ratio of test cultivars have ciose coretatiJnship with meteoirological parameters. It explore the prime task the releasing crop varieties to the suitable agro-climatic zone with a viewto conserve environment with more production for betterment ofhumankind in the wettand of Imphal valley.


Formability in sheet forming processes are usually analyzed by standardized tests, which often requires different test equipment associated with high initial investment cost. The present study purposes a flexible test tooling system for hydraulic bugle test apparatus that allows to evaluate the impact of size effect on the formability of thin metallic sheets. Finite Element Method was used for concept and design of the tooling system and experimental tests were carried out with thin sheets of SUS316L stainless steel to assess the overall performance of the tooling system.


The students' assessment in higher vocational colleges is an important part of the teaching quality evaluation. But there are some limitations. The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model constructed in the students' actions using the students' evaluation of teaching index in Xiamen Huatian International Vocation Institute, has proved its simple, feasible, and practical characters.


Component enterprise asset management (EAM), as well as computerized maintenance management system (CMMS), products suitable for manufacturing companies have increasingly become a specialized area of software. Some suite vendors also actively market their EAM modules as stand-alone offerings and sell them as specialized maintenance solutions. Other suite vendors offer them only as part of an ERP suite, thus limiting the EAM market to its own customer base.


This study focuses on how the teachers in preschool work with the subject chemistry. Within chemistry I have chosen to focus on education for sustainable development and how the teachers create an interesting and meaningful education for the children.The purpose with the study was to see how the preschool teachers use the spontaneous moments, for example when the children throw away food, to tell them where it goes and what will happen with it there and how this affects the environment in a meaningful way.I have been using interviews as a method, to get deeper understanding of the preschool teacher's thoughts of sustainable development. These interviews were looked at from a chosen perspective, which in this study is the pragmatic perspective.The result of my study is showing that the work with sustainable development is not happening in the scale that the preschool teachers wants to. Another showing pattern is that the work with sustainable development lays in the discussions and interactions between the teachers and the children.


Understanding consumer value has become an essential requirement for winning competition not only in the design field but also in the marketing field. This is because consumer value is expressed in the subconscious of a person's unconsciousness, and the unconscious is influenced by sensory stimulation and once the stimulation is received, it does not disappear. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to confirm the influence of the brand experience situation on the consumer's value according to the synesthetic metaphor stimulation. For this purpose, an experimental study was conducted with low-cost airlines, which have contact points between physical and non-physical experiences in the service experience environment, as the research object. The research method was to conduct prior research on synesthesia metaphors based on literature research on synesthesia modality. In order to find synesthesia metaphors of value attributes that are influenced and influenced at the unconscious level, synesthesia value attributes (vision, hearing, action) were derived using the laddering technique, and synesthesia metaphors of three elements were used as independent variables (vision+hearing, vision+action, hearing+action), an experimental study was conducted with consumers' perceptual value as the dependent variable as the basis for setting the stimulus for the experimental study. Through experimental research through questionnaire evaluation, the synesthesia modality metaphor and its influence on consumers' perceptual value were confirmed through binary analysis. As a result of the study, the synesthesia modality metaphor did not have a more positive effect on consumer perceptual value than the unisensory modality metaphor. However, depending on the type of synesthesia metaphor, it has a more positive impact than unisensory stimulation, and 'action metaphors' have the highest impact in constructing synesthesia metaphors.


A K-band receiver terminal has been designed for /spl ap/77-K operation to support the NASA Glenn Research Center's direct-data-distribution (D/sup 3/) spare experiment. The D/sup 2/ experiment involves a 256-element phased-array antenna, aboard the Space Shuttle, transmitting dual 622-Mb/s beams to the ground terminal. The beams are left- and right-hand-side circularly polarized for isolation. The terminal consists of a Cassegrain reflector antenna with a corrugated feed horn, a six-pole YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7/(-/spl delta/) microstrip bandpass filter, a three-stage InP high electron-mobility transistor monolithic-microwave integrated-circuit amplifier, and a 1-W at 80-K Stirling cycle cryocooler.


The article below traces the fundamentalism either with violence or without radicalization is not only phenomenon that emerges from the religion community but also rises from secular community. The fundamentalism of religion denotes general phenomena, which appears from the practices of religions as well as the fundamentalism of secularism and modernism. In this case, the position of human pertaining to The Holy Scripture shows sociological dimension according to an interpretation. In the history of Islam and the great religions in the world, fundamental ism either radical or not radical constitutes a social phenomena reacting to social change. The dysfunction of the values of the religion doctrine that becomes the reference of social conduct motivates the member of the community carries out to reject every social change by isolating themselves from the change. While the appearance of reinterpretation toward the old doctrine of religion faces the social change.


Total Beds: Average Public Payer Mix: 971 (26.1% of total non-acute hospitals) 62.0%, < total non-acute hospitals (67.6%) Median % Occupancy: Total Gross Revenue in FY15: 82.5%, > total non-acute hospitals (79.1%) $618 million (26.3% of total non-acute hospitals) Total Inpatient Days: Inpatient: Outpatient Revenue in FY15: 298,182 (29.6% of total non-acute hospitals) 83%:17% (total non-acute hospitals = 84%:16%) Total Inpatient Discharges: 28,964 (51.5% of total non-acute hospitals)


This paper describes the model for semantic annotation of educational materials and related concepts, as well as the structure of dependent services that extend the functionalities of current learning management systems (LMS). The goal of the model is to enable simple discovery, while allowing formulation and execu- tion of advanced search queries, augmented with visualizations of result sets and domain structure and adaptation of results according to students' interests. Several components were also implemented and their descriptions and other remarks are given following the description of the model. In modern educational systems, the final outcome of the learning process heavily depends on providing learn- ers with an access to the right information at the right time. An appropriate presentation and visualization of information can strongly influence the learning experience by allowing learners to explore an educational do- main instinctively, gaining a better insight into its structure. The main goal of this paper is to enhance data man- agement, visualization, and adaptation within an e-learning system. A model for semantic annotation of concepts present in learning management systems is presented, including the description of a structure of se- mantic applications that will utilize annotated resources to enhance data handling, browsing, searching, vi- sualization, and adaptivity. The developed solution is based around the principles of modularity and independency among components.


This paper discusses the kinematics of dextrous robot hands manipulating an object with rolling and con-trolled sliding on one point contact with finger.The contact constraints of fingers and object are analyzed andthe relationships on position.velocity and acceleration between finger-joint motion and object motion and ob-ject motion are formulated.The motion constraints of 3R,4R and 5R fingers are presented.The theory hasbeen validated by velocity simulation and graphical simulations for a 5-4-5 hand.


This documents, presented last June at the GO Summit in Germany, brought China officially into the heated debate on how to couple development and resource use with protection of the environment.


The present invention relates to a method for the degradation of brominated flame retardants, specifically a polyethylene glycol / alkaline degradation method using brominated flame retardants. Under mild conditions, while the presence of additives to polyethylene glycol / polyethylene glycol base to form aryl ethers and aryl ethers of alcohols as nucleophiles and bromine-based flame retardant of the reaction, and then heating the polyvinyl aryl ether generating glycol aryl ether alcohols, and further for degradation of brominated flame retardants, particularly shown in the following formula. The present invention is highly efficient, mild reaction conditions, the reaction product is easy to handle, easy to control operation and low cost.


Abstract. This study discusses a lover suicide, shinju, in a short story entitled Sonezaki Shinju written by Chikamatsu Monzaemon. Shinju Sonezaki tells the marriage customs in Japanese society done by matchmaking (miai kekkon). However, the match failed to take place because the figures were refused an arranged marriage and do shinju with his girlfriend. By utilizing the approach of sociology of literature, this study discovered three things, namely shinju as a form of resistance against Japanese tradition; shinju as a way out of giri and ninjo conflict; Shinju as a representation of Shinto belief


Graphene is a carbon nanomaterial that has a great potential to be used in wide variety of fields especially in biomedical applications. However, the environmental and health effects of graphene‐derived nanomaterials are not fully understood. Oxidized graphene is widely used in the synthesis of graphene‐derived nanomaterials. We assessed the biological effects of oxidized graphene using Escherichia coli as a model bacterium. Growth of E. coli was monitored in the presence of pristine graphene and oxidized graphene using dilution plating and spot test analysis. Growth analysis revealed that addition of oxidized graphene at concentrations greater than 80 μg/ml inhibited the growth of E. coli. To understand the molecular response of E. coli to graphene, RNA‐seq technology (Illumina platform) was used. Transcriptomic analysis of E. coli exposed to pristine graphene and oxidized graphene revealed several genes that were substantially differentially expressed. The genes that showed higher expression in the presence of oxidized graphene encode for stress response proteins, membrane proteins, transporters, acid resistance proteins, and proteins involved in sulfur metabolism. These data suggests that oxidized graphene likely elicits oxidative stress in E. coli. Using gene deletion knockouts, we studied the physiological role of a few of the genes involved in above‐mentioned functions. Deletion mutants of an inner membrane protein and a sulfite reductase were grown in the absence or presence of oxidized graphene. Growth data showed that both genes are critical for the bacteria to survive under stress conditions induced by oxidized graphene. In addition, we are studying the expression responses of select genes using GFP reporter constructs to identify biomarker genes specific to oxidized graphene.


Based on the Normative Hypothesis, theorists have believed that differences in sexuality among black and white males would affect each group differently due to the disparate cultural norms. The current study evaluates the relationship between adolescent sexual attitudes and timing of first sexual intercourse as factors affecting problem behaviors, suicidal thoughts, and sense of security among black and white adolescents. The sample size comprised of 847 black and white adolescent males from rural Alabama. Results discovered that earlier sexual expression was dealt with differently for white and black adolescents, depending on timing of first intercourse. Most interestingly, it appears that the decision process for having sex is different for white and black adolescents. The model fits better for white adolescents.


Sorbic acid and its salts are widely used as food preservatives owing to their antimicrobial activity against yeasts, fungi and various bacteria involved in food poisoning and food spoilage. The use of sorbic acid and its salts is legalised in Serbia in various of foods (beverages, margarine, bakery products, cheese, etc). Acute toxicity of sorbic acid as a food additive is low, and dermatologic adverse reactions occurred by exposure of sorbic acid by food are rare. The results of studies around the world indicate that exposure to sorbic acid and its salts through food preservatives does not represent public health risk for the population.


One of difficulties network scan detection system must face is how to identify a scan source from normal and abnormal hybrid traffics. In this paper, firstly we use modified low interaction honeypots to get pure abnormal scan traffics for avoiding scan sources identification procedure. Secondly, we try to consider scans detection problem through the eye of a network on the basis of above dataset. A 3 layers scan detection network is constructed where the node of every layer is source-IP, destination-IP and resource (the couple {destination port, protocol}), the link is the scan access connection between nodes. The scan detection network owns good features of layer and single-direction. A degree statistics method is put forward to grade the importance of nodes of the scan detection network and give proper warnings. By using a degree statistics method on honeypot dataset we can focus on the research of scan sources' behaviors and stand out what's really worthy of noticing and warning instead of staying at the procedure of identifying whether a source is a scanner or not. Our method enriches the statistic information of scan detection and can effectively reduce warning false positives comparing to previous works


There is a rich tradition of quantification in the study of British eonomic growth. From the 18th century efforts of Gregory King and William Petty and the 19th century writings of McCulloch and Tooke, British growth has been viewed through the lens of economic aggregates. The landmark studies of the early 1960s, Mitchell and Deane's Abstract of British Historical Statistics and Deane and Cole's companion volume of analysis and interpretation, British Economic Growth, 1688-1955, are direct descendants of this distinguished lineage. In the volume by Matthews, Feinstein and Odling-Smee, we have a most worthy successor. Funded in part by the U. S. Social Science Research Council, this is one in the outstanding series of parallel studies of growth in industrial countries conducted under the general direction of Moses Abramovitz and Simon Kuznets. In structure as in title it resembles the earlier work of Deane and Cole. While the authors present several new estimates of their own (hours worked and educational attainment, for example), in these pages they are engaged primarily in analyzing statistics assembled elsewhere. Like Deane and Cole, this volume has its own statistical companion, Feinstein's 1972 monograph, National Income, Expenditure and Output of the United Kingdom, 1855-1964. The book has five parts. Part 1 defines concepts, formulates problems, and discusses methodology. Part 2 examines growth at its most aggregative, with chapters on the quantity and quality of labor, the capital stock, the functional distribution of income, and total factor productivity. Part 3 studies these aggregates at the sectoral level. Part 4 can be seen as a "Special Topics' section, with chapters on aggregate demand, investment, and international transactions. Part 5 presents a summary of the authors' findings on the proximate sources of growth. Each section is logically constructed and clearly written, and Stanford University Press has cooperated by producing the book to high standards. The focus of the account is on long-term trends in the rate of economic growth, from cyclical peak to peak. Business cycles are not of concern except insofar as their character has implications for the secular rate of growth. To summarize their findings, the authors rely on tables and charts rather than formal econometric tests. Their position is that it is as easy to discern relationships among trend rates of growth from tables and charts as from regression equations, while the latter convey a misleading sense of precision. One might quibble that in this day and age the knowledgeable reader treats regressions with the same


ion. Time concepts and routines are very sketchy in the impoverished society. 'This problem, again, has its roots in the fight for survival. Money is in .desperately short supply and, therefore, household marketing is done several times a day, as the need arises. Many of the adults in the household are employed on night shifts and work at odd hours. Sometimes youngsters unrot go to sleep until very late at night; at other times they must sleep early in the evening. Each day or night has a different routine. Meals are prepared and served at all hours. Privacy and quiet are almost unknown. There are usually many young children in the family. Since the mother has the care of so many little ones, she cannot devote herself to any one child, and each must of necessity be left to sleep, eat, and wander about without any semblance of a schedule. Children raised in s-ch a disorganized atmosphere are in very strange surroundings during the part of the day spent in a school, which is run on a firm schedule. They are disconcerted when a routine demands that they stop spelling lessons because it is time for arithmetic. They often lack the ability to drop one task and concentrate on another. The disadvantaged children have a noor or unfncused self-image. They have grown up in an insecure, disorganized atmosphere. Fear and crises have been in their thoughts constantly, and in many instances their families have lost the two most precious human attributes, hope and self-respect. Their concept of themselves as individuals is often unformulated, and they have no clear path to follow and no firm goal in mind. The children of poverty lack privacy, nersonal possessions, expectations, and goals, as well as pride in themselves or their families' individuality. They may never have been singled out and appreciated as unique human beings. The teacher of the disadvantaged child can be a motivating force of tremendous proportions. The teacher has an unlimited opportunity to nurture the child's identity as an individual. The teacher must be creative in his or her approach and concentrate on the pupil rather than the subject matter. Ha or she must evaluate the child's academic strengths and interests and build on them in order to establish an atmosphere of encouragement, pleasure in learning, and success The teacher should bend his or her efforts toward increasing his or her pupils' general knowledge. He or she should remain alert to glimpses of 1-5 spontaneous verbalization and the incorporation of concepts into the children's thinking, so that he or she can encourage these skills. At the same time he or she must refrain from losing the pupils in long and complicated explanations. Disadvantaged children are often uneasy in a direct relationship with an adult and too shy to interrupt the teacher even when they do not understand what is being said. The teacher who understands disadvantaged children will be able to think along with them, idertify with them, and reach them as students. He or she will then be able to anticipate and understand the thinking behind the children's questions. He or she will be able to awaken the pupils' interest by presenting challenges that can be met successfully. The greatest single quality a teacher can bring to disadvantaged children is his or her personal respect for the children as human beings. The teacher should lose no opportunity to appreciate his or her pupils and to demonstrate sincere interest in them as individuals. While the teacher may have great understanding of the children's failures in school, it is wise to concentrate on their progress and emphasize pride in their achievements. The intellectual and educational deficiencies of the children from a disadvantaged background only highlight the ways in which they are different from the middle-class children. They have the same emotions and potential for development. Like other children, they are anxious to please. They have many of the same problems as other children as well as the same needs. They need an interested adult to resoect and understand them, to have co,7idence in them, and to show enthusiasm in working with them. When they are certain of the teacher's acceptance, they will form a very faithful attachment, often much stronger than the attachment formed by middle-class children. The disadvantaged child is a tremendous challenge to the educator, and education is these children's major need. 21I -6 CIPHER IN THE SNOW* by


Two new taraxastane-type triterpenoid saponins and two new neolignans, (6 alpha, 11 alpha)-6-[(2-O-acetyl-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl)oxy]-3-oxotaraxast-20-ene-11,28-diyl diacetate (1), (6 alpha,11 alpha)-6-[(2-O-acetyl-beta-D-xylopyranosyl)oxy]-3-oxotaraxast-20-ene-11,28-diyl diacetate (2), (1R,2R,4E)-1,5-bis(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-(methoxymethyl)pent-4-en-1-ol (3), and 1,1'-[(1E,4R,5R)-5-methoxy-4-(methoxymethyl)pent-1-ene-1,5-diyl]bis(3,4-dimethoxybenzene) (4), together with six known compounds were isolated from the Chinese medicinal plant Morina kokonorica HAO. Their structures were determined on the basis of spectral data, especially 2D-NMR and HR-ESI-MS.


A model is constructed which describes simultaneous two-phase ascending and descending gas and liquid flows in vertical tubes and establishes the effect of gas content on such parameters as the pressure drop, the heat and mass transfer, and the interaction time. The model incorporates the distribution coefficient of the flow and the drift speed of the gas in an immobile liquid and determines the drift speed in rising plug flow. Measurements are compared with calculated values for water, glycerol, and ethanol.


People enjoy the convenience of on-line services, but online environments may bring many risks. In this paper, we discuss how to prevent users' passwords from being stolen by adversaries. We propose a virtual password concept involving a small amount of human computing to secure users' passwords in on-line environments. We propose differentiated security mechanisms in which a user has the freedom to choose a virtual password scheme ranging from weak security to strong security. The tradeoff is that the stronger the scheme, the more complex the scheme may be. Among the schemes, we have a default method (i.e., traditional password scheme), system recommended function, user-specified function, userspecified program, etc. A function/program is used to implement the virtual password concept with a trade off of security for complexity requiring a small amount of human computing. We further propose several functions to serve as system recommended functions and provide a security analysis. We analyze how the proposed schemes defend against phishing, key logger, shoulder-surfing attacks, and multiple attacks. For user-specified functions, we adopt secret little functions, in which security is enhanced by hiding secret functions/algorithms.


S tate leaders have always been involved with education management. In the last half decade they have entered the arena of school management, and it is unlikely that they will withdraw i n t h e years ahead. What t h i s means is t h a t governors, legislators, and state education agency leaders are no longer operating on the outer edges of the school business, modulating school finance mechanisms and making school redistricting arrangements. Instead, they are smack in the middle of the action, wrestling with u t t e r s of school effectiveness, teacher policy, curriculum emphases, and student performance. This has happened whether the state is more accustomed to centralized management of schools or is steeped in the tradition of local ContrOL For the school principal the impbcatiare obvious: more influence on the school from outside forces. S t a b with more centralized approaches to school governance have tended to rely more on mandates and to be more directive, such when they pass laws specifying statewide cuniculum. Thase that are more decentralized have tended to rely less on mandates and more on incentives that allow substantial local latitude, such 88 project grants which give districts and schools considerable discretion ' One of the ways this new aggressiveness on the part of states is being manifested is through the development of state level indicator System. The basic building blocks of indicator systems are statktim; in particular, statistics drawn from t e s t a or surveys. The statistics


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the efficiency of organobentonite (OB) as reinforcing filler in acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR). The composites were prepared using different loadings of OB and studying in details their properties. A series of OB was modified using surfactant N-cetyl-N, N, N-trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) with concentrations 0.5, 1 and 2 cation exchange capacity (CEC) of bentonite. Design/methodology/approach – The different bentonites were characterized using different analytical and spectro-photometric techniques, such as infra red, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis and scanning electron microscopy, while rubber vulcanizate rheological, morphological, swelling and thermal properties were examined using different standard instrumental testing and methods. Findings – The study revealed that the modification of bentonite using CTAB showed significant enhancement on NBR properties, and the optimum filler loading was 12 phr for both 0.5CEC OB and 2CEC OB...


Abstract : This paper proposes an analytical technique for modeling by the analyst of a particular decision situation. Evidence supporting the basic proposal, properties of the technique, discussions of its possible applications, and examples are also presented. The basic problem is a compromise between the probability of success in a single trial versus the total expected number of successes over many trials under the constraint of a limited and uncertain resource. The analogous situation of choosing an operating point for a system which is a compromise between the effectiveness of the system and its efficiency (effectiveness divided by cost) is also discussed.


The angular power spectrum of the cosmic microwave background has been measured out to a sufficiently small angular scale to encompass a few acoustic oscillations. We use a phenomenological fit to the angular power spectrum to quantify the statistical significance of these oscillations: we find the evidence for acoustic oscillations is not yet compelling. We discuss the cosmological implications of such a finding.


Introduction: Using COVID-19 as the context, this study explored how differences in individual learning styles impacted personal resilience strategies among pharmacy students. This is a uniquely stressful period of time for many learners; pharmacy education has shifted predominantly to novel online forms of teaching, learning, and assessment, and traditional psycho-social support became difficult to access due to lock-down and quarantine requirements.
Methods: Data were gathered throughout May and June 2020 via participant-observer, semi-structured interviews. Data analysis was performed using deductive analysis techniques, based on existing themes in resilience research.
Results: A total of 21 pharmacy students were interviewed, the majority of whom had 'Assimilator' or 'Converger' dominant learning styles as classified by Austin's Pharmacists' Inventory of Learning Styles (PILS). Assimilators had a stronger sense of professional identity, practiced positive psychology, and utilised journaling as resilience strategies more frequently than Convergers. Convergers were found to be more self-efficacious and adaptable than Assimilators.
Conclusions: Rather than providing 'one-size-fits-all' advice and programming to pharmacy students, there may be potential to improve resilience by incorporating tailored and specific strategies based on the dominant learning style of each individual student.


The impact of rail transportation on road vehicles that are placed in flatcars is considered in the article. The features of piggyback transportation and the dynamic forces acting on road vehicles in railway rolling stock are determined. The change dependences of the values of dynamic forces for different masses of road vehicles in the longitudinal and transverse directions are established. It is concluded that road vehicles that are used in regular piggyback transportation will experience significant dynamic loads of structural elements, which requires monitoring of their technical condition. Consequently, the infrastructure of piggyback terminals that load and unload road vehicles onto railway rolling stock should include the availability of automobile service facilities.


To the Editor.— It is amazing that despite all the attempts over the past few years to increase the appropriate use of statistics in the general medical literature, you have once again published an interventional trial with negative results with no discussion whatever of the power of the study to detect a difference in the study groups. 1 The following statement by Dreon et al 1 is simply false: "The present results in free-living men and women demonstrated that exchanging unsaturated fats within current guidelines in reduced- fat diets does not affect plasma total cholesterol or LDL [low-density lipoprotein] cholesterol levels." What is true is that the study failed to demonstrate an effect of exchanging unsaturated fats, but the authors do not discuss what the chance is that this was simply because the study groups were too small. I grant you that they did make one insufficient allusion to wide


This paper is based on a field and laboratory study of the igneous rocks of the Highwood Mountains, Montana, carried on by E. S. Larsen, C. S. Hurlbut, Jr., C. H. Burgess, D. T. Griggs, B. F. Buie, and N. A. Haskell, and we have used freely the collections, field and laboratory notes, and other data of our coworkers. We are indebted to them for permitting us to make use of their material and for helpful co-operation in every way. The work was carried on as a project financed by the Shaler Memorial Fund, and we are grateful to the Department of Geology, Harvard University, for generous support from that fund. fn the field numerous collections were made of the rocks of the area, and specimens were collected from the contact-zone and the centers of many of the dikes and laccoliths in order to study the effect of chilling and slow cooling. Several hundred thin sections from carefully collected specimens were examined. The potash-rich rocks of the Highwood Mountains are distributed over an area more than twenty-five miles across. In the central part there is a pile of volcanic rocks over a thousand feet thick, also a number of stocks and many smaller intrusives. The Cretaceous sediments about the volcanic rocks are intruded by many dikes, sills, and laccoliths. The volcanic rocks are nearly all dark basaltic rocks consisting of about one half of phenocrysts distributed through a goundmass whose texture ranges from very fine to rather coarse, for volcanic rocks. The chief phenocrysts are pyroxene, olivine, and leucite, analcime or pseudoleucite or their alteration products. Some rocks have phenocrysts of biotite or of a barium sanidine with as much as 5 per cent of BaO. The groundmasses of the rocks are made up of the same minerals as the phenocrysts, but sanidine and biotite are much more abundant. Plagioclase is lacking in the greater part of the rocks but is present in a few. Of the eighty thin sections of volcanic rocks studied, the following percentages of rock types were found:


The aim of this study to investigate the relationship between the ownership structure such as Proportional Share of Owner equity, Proportional Share of Shareholder, Company's Growth, Company's size, and Company's Leverage from one side and financial performance represented by Return on Assets (ROA) on the other side. The population in the study Jordanian industrial companies listed at Amman Financial Market (AFM) during the period 2016–2018; The sample of the study consisted (62) company and data analysis was done using multiple linear regression analysis, (SPSS) Program. The result shows that there is significant impact of Proportional Share of Owner equity, Proportional Share of Shareholder, Company's Growth, Company's size, and Company's Leverage on financial performance. Also financial performance negatively affected by Company's Risk. Keywords: Ownership Structure, Return on Assets, Capital Structure, Financial Performance. DOI : 10.7176/RJFA/10-24-15 Publication date: December 31 st 2019


Background: To evaluate the level of oral health knowledge and practice among Saudi schoolteachers in Al‐Kharj, and to assess their attitudes toward the utilization of schoolteachers' services in oral


It comprises: - means 20 for controlling the angular position of the needle plate 1 consisting of 22-27 means to rotate the needle holder 2, said means acting on a portion 21 of the needle holder 2 so as to rotate therewith while allowing its movement from bottom to top and, - means 30 for holding the two needle holder attached to a portion of the latter, the mechanism controlling the vertical reciprocating motion being connected to the needle holder 2 , while the control mechanism of the to and fro vertical is connected to said means for holding the needle holder so as to impart thereto a movement to-and-fro vertical still allowing it to rotate freely.


The quality of NHS treatment given to people with learning disabilities will be assessed in a new government inquiry announced last week.


Microfinance loans have expanded greatly in the recent years as a way of helping the poor gain cheaper loans, but percentage take-up of microcredit has remained lower than expectations. In an attempt to explain this phenomenon, this paper uses a randomized evaluation of the impact of introducing microfinance loans in a new urban setting in Hyderabad, India, to determine if lack of flexibility in microfinance loans can be an answer to the problem. Using wages and sales volatility as proxies of demand for flexibility, this paper explores whether people are behaving as if microfinance loans are too stringent for their needs. The findings are consistent with the fact that there is some demand for more flexibility in microcredit, especially among business owners, but there also seems to be some surprising differences in terms of stratification according to education. For the high-education people, increasing sales volatility is associated with less take-up of microfinance loans, but for the low-education people, increasing volatility is correlated with more take-up of microfinance loans. This introduces the potential that microfinance institutions are missing out on the most profitable clients in the market. Dividing the population according to a measure of risk-averseness did not have a conclusive impact. ∗A very special thanks to Professor Cynthia Kinnan for serving as the faculty advisor for this thesis and helping me through all the difficulties. I would also like to mention Keyoung Lee for helping me identify the topic of interest and my parents for their feedback on the microfinance issues.


Abstract We present an analysis of disk-resolved images of Io at 232.5, 260, and 285 nm taken with the FOC (Faint Object Camera) of the Hubble Space Telescope. The images at 232.5 and 260 nm were acquired in 1993 in an effort to separate the surface and SO 2 atmosphere contributions to the observed UV albedo. We combine these images to make UV color maps of the regions centered on the leading and trailing hemispheres. Between latitudes +60° and −60° we find that the UV colors are dominated by three distinctive components, B 0 , B 1 , and B 2 , one more than was found to be required to fit visible wavelength Voyager data at these latitudes. The Voyager component "B" (McEwen, A. S., T. V. Johnson, D. L. Matson, and L. A. Sonderblom 1988. Icarus 75, 450–478) appears to be a combination of two distinct spectral components: B 1 and B 2 . We find that B 1 , the darker component, represents either a new compositional unit or patches of SO 2 vapor overlying compositional unit B (= B 2 ). To distinguish between these two possibilities, we propose two simple models of surface reflectivities and SO 2 vapor curve of growth designed to allow a crude separation between the effects of the absorptions by surface materials and SO 2 vapor. In Model 1 , we recognize that all absorption bandmodels share a linear regime at the limit of small absorption pathlengths and assume that the SO 2 vapor absorption spectrum on Io is linearly dependent on absorption pathlength at all wavelengths without temperature dependencies. In this case Io's albedo must be dominated by the surface reflectance and the spectral differences between B 1 and B 2 are the signature of different surface units. In this model the two-way SO 2 vapor column density is either below our detectability limit of ∼4.10 17 mol·cm −2 or is confined to denser patches below our spatial resolution limit of ∼250 km. In Model 2 , we recognize that SO 2 absorptions on Io may be non-linear at 285 nm (a local maximum in SO 2 absorption cross sections) even in the presence of significant transmission through the gas. We retain the assumption of linearity at 232.5 nm where the SO 2 absorption cross sections are smallest and consider two variants of the model in which different assumptions are made about the underlying albedo of the surface materials. In variant A , which is characterized by a relatively high assumed UV reflectivity for SO 2 frost, the amounts of gas are inconsistent with mm-wave and UV spectroscopic observations, and with the cold temperatures found for the pervasive thermal reservoir unit in Veeder et al .'s (Veeder, G. J., D. L. Matson, T. V. Johnson, D. L. Blaney, and J. D. Goguen 1994. J. Geophys. Res. ( Planets ) 99, 17095–17162) thermophysical model of the surface. In variant B , SO 2 frost is characterized by the lowest UV reflectivity consistent with the data. In this case there is no detectable SO 2 vapor over SO 2 frost rich regions and the FOC UV images are consistent with the presence of SO 2 vapor in patches of column density N ∼ 10 18 cm −2 covering ∼11–15% of Io's projected surface. This variant of Model 2 is found to be in agreement with both the disk integrated UV spectroscopic and mm-wave observations and Veeder et al .'s thermophysical model. In particular the longitude distribution of the SO 2 patches is similar to the longitude distribution of thermal anomalies in Veeder et al .'s model. The identification of the composition of the B unit remains problematic. Polysulfur oxides (PSO) give a reasonable accounting of the UV reflectivities but may be too bright near 700 nm; Sulfur does not satisfy the UV albedos but cannot be ruled out because of uncertainties in its behavior under Io conditions. In any of the above models, regardless of the assumptions made concerning the curve of growth of SO 2 vapor absorption, we find that the percentage coverage of SO 2 frost in the regions of Io's surface that we observed is in the range of 50–60%. This is a similar result to those found in earlier spectroscopic studies of SO 2 frost features near 2 and 4 μm.


This paper reviewed the research progress on nutrient requirements of protein (or amino acid), lipid (fat acid, phospolipids, cholesterol etc) and carbohydrate for mud crab, Scylla serrata, broodstock nutrition, and the key technology of Scylla serrata healthy culture in recent years.Healthy culture is the future direction for Scylla serrata culture, it is an integrative technique measure of aquaculture science and technology innovation, the technical links bind, restrict and supplement each other during the whole culture process.


The ever increasing demand in the field of signal processing, computing and communication has ushered in integrated devices in optical systems. Several materials have been used for fabricating optical waveguides, components and devices adopting a variety of techniques. However, among the many device materials, lithium Tantalate remains one of the prime candidates owing to its excellent piezo electric, Electro-optical and waveguiding properties. The active and passive structures of dielectrics also include two dimensional optical waveguides. The field of integrated optics is primarily based on the fact that light can be guided and coupled in very thin films of transparent materials on suitable substrates. - optical waveguides in lithium tantalate crystal form the basis of many integrated optical devices. In characterising these devices the refractive index is an important parameter and understanding of this parameter from atomic point of view is very essential . since RI is due to dipole moments of ions it can be expressed in terms of polarizabilities of the ions and electric field. The electronic polarizabilities of ions in lithium tantalate (LiTaO3) crystals are evaluated from the data on the natural birefringence of these crystals. An accurate calculation of electronic polarizabilities of ions is indispensable in the understanding of problems regarding the piezo -optical and electro-optical behaviour of these crystals.


Forty cases of bone malignancies are discussed, where biopsy was performed with help of a new instrument. The method allowed to state or to esclude a diagnosis of primary or secundary tumor in 32 cases. In 8 cases there was no results because the bone fragments were too exiguous or derived from the healthy tissue surronding the lesion. The authors discuss the utility of this new method, which joins the advantages both of the aspiration technique and of the rotation technique for biopsy.


Measurements of the temperature and pressure dependence of the 35Cl nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) frequency in K2OsCl6 are reported. The resonance frequency is measured at atmospheric pressure...


Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (a form of stress cardiomyopathy) is a recently described clinical entity. Pathogenesis of this syndrome is unknown, but numerous stressors are known to precipitate it. Although recurrence of this disease in affected patients is very rare, recurrence due to the same stressor has not been reported before. We report a case of an elderly woman with a recurrence of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy after witnessing an accident similar to one that precipitated a previous episode of this disease in her.


(57) Abstract: Method for removing the tubular member, and an upper housing (310) is a device constructed from a lower housing (320) between the ball sleeve (330). This device is connected between the tube (150) and the drilling assembly (210). Splined connection portion is formed between the depression-groove of the upper housing and (395) splined extension of the lower housing and (450). Shaneji (340) holds the spherical sleeve (330) within the housing. To release, sphere having the same density and the density of the drilling fluid (380), regardless of the orientation of the well pit, is pumped by seated on the sleeve (330). Generated pressure behind the sleeve (330), since the shearing Shaneji (340), sleeve (330) is moved into the lower housing (320), thereby separating these housings. Before these housings are separated, fluid flows continuously through the recirculation port sleeve (330) (375). After separation, phishing tool, hooking the decompression unit, taken out drilling assembly (210) and the lower housing (320). When phishing tool is mounted, flow is resumed through the recirculation port (375), it is possible to facilitate removal.


Through mutual cooperation between sending end and receiving end together the disclosed method accomplishes measuring work. The sending end is in charge of sending measurement packets in multiple speeds, and the receiving end is in charge of receiving measurement packets, and making statistics and analysis for bandwidth condition. The method uses detection sequence quick self-congestion algorithm, pseudo fluctuation filtration algorithm, quick feedback algorithm of self-adaptive detecting threshold, and detected value self-adapted quick smoothing algorithm etc. Comparing with each type of usable tool for measuring bandwidth, the disclosed method not only realizes better measuring effect on high usable bandwidth, but also realizes more accurate, quick measurement on low usable bandwidth. Advantages are: consuming low resources of network bandwidth, small influence on route of network to be measured.


The present invention relates to an individual for matching or selecting a sport or sports (e.g. sprint / power or endurance exercise movement) and the new method for prediction of performance of motion, which include evaluation of ACTN3 genotype. In another embodiment, the optimal design for athletes and training programs by evaluating ACTN3 genotype. Particular embodiment of the invention relates to the evaluation ACTN3 genotype in combination with other known health related genes to better evaluate individual movement potential. In addition, the analysis will ACTN3 gene genotype and physiological tests, physical measurements and / or a combination of psychological assessment in order to design a more optimized training programs for individual athletes.


Biometrie recognition of persons are widely explored nowadays to develop robust and trustworthy security systems. On account of the unique neural signature of each person, the brain activity recorded by Electroencephalogram (EEG) has recently been identified as a potential biometric trait. In this paper, we propose an online EEG-based biometric system which utilizes the activations of brain towards a set of subject-specific self-referential visual stimuli. The stimuli set consist of a number of self-face images and that of subject's relatives, which are expected to elicit brain activity in a subject-specific manner. The subject-specific biometric marker used in the proposed authentication system is the relative spectral activity of left and right hemisphere EEG in various frequency bands. Experimental analysis reveals utility of alpha and beta bands for the proposed approach, offering an average biometric recognition accuracy of 87.50% over 4 subjects. Results of the proposed methodology give insights for further research to examine the permanence and generalization of the proposed system in a larger group of subjects.


The increasing demand for High Data rates in mobile deployment constitutes one of the main research area in this few years. Mobile communication structures must be capable to support and provide high variety of service. Further, many users with different application-and-location-specific, time-varying rate and quality of service (QoS) requirement should be accommodated. In this appreciation, mobile and LTE (Long Term Evolution) are both considered as the main technologies that can be hosted, deployed and capable to offer strong coverage. Among the current techniques, MC-CDMA can provide better performances for high mobility effect with the resistant to various impairments. In this paper we propose a MC-CDMA transmission system for high data rate communications on mobile environments. The results presented are based on mobility context.


Double cantilever beam (DCB) is the standard specimen for determining fracture resistance in mode I. This is usually done by using simple data-reduction schemes that combine linear-elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM) and beam theory (either Euler-Bernoulli or Timoshenko). On the other hand, a richer modelling of the problem through the use of cohesive-zone models (CZMs) is also possible and widely used. This approach, unlike LEFM, allows us to accurately model problems where a relatively large damage process zone (DPZ) develops in front of the crack tip before failure. However, a rigorous study on the relationship between LEFM and CZM seems to be lacking and quantities like the critical energy release rate (Gc), the critical value of the J integral (Jc) used in non-linear fracture mechanics (NLFM) and the area under the traction-separation law of CZM (work of separation) are often misinterpreted. In our recent work [1, 2], we have shown that, unlike what is often stated in the literature, LEFM can be accurately adopted for DCB problems even in cases with large DPZ (ductile failure). We have demonstrated in a general case, neither Gc nor Jc is equal to the area under the traction-separation law of CZM. Moreover, we have shown that the difference between Gc and Jc, and therefore the applicability of LEFM to problems with quasi-brittle failure, is not due to the size of the DPZ, but it is due to the change of the energy dissipated in front of the crack tip with crack propagation. Additionally, we have proposed a novel data-reduction scheme called 'Enhanced simple beam theory' (ESBT) that is based on Timoshenko beam theory and LEFM, and, unlike all the data-reduction schemes currently used in standards, does not require the measurement of the crack length. Using input data from the numerical model (virtual-experiments), ESBT has proven to be extremely accurate in predicting the input value of the work of separation even for cases with extremely large DPZ. We have also made a contribution in making the CZM model for DCB extremely fast, accurate and robust in the same time. First, we have shown that, for modelling the arms of a DCB, Timoshenko beam finite elements can be used instead of plane-stress 2D solid finite elements without a noticeable loss in accuracy [2]. Secondly, we have developed a closed-form solution for a DCB with arms modelled as Timoshenko beams and a bi-linear CZM at the interface [3]. This solution, that is completely free of any convergence problems or numerical errors, is also implemented in an open-source software.


The trends in electronic band structure are studied in the cubic $AB{X}_{3}$ halide perovskites for $A=\text{Cs}$; $B=\text{Pb}$, Sn, Ge, Si; and $X=\text{I}$, Br, Cl. The gaps are found to decrease from Pb to Sn and from Ge to Si, but increase from Sn to Ge. The trend is explained in terms of the atom $s$ levels of the group-IV element and the atomic sizes which changes the amount of hybridization with $X\text{\ensuremath{-}}p$ and hence the valence bandwidth. Along the same series spin-orbit coupling also decreases and this tends to increase the gap because of the smaller splitting of the conduction band minimum. Both effects compensate each other to a certain degree. The trend with halogens is to reduce the gap from Cl to I, i.e., with decreasing electronegativity. The role of the tolerance factor in avoiding octahedron rotations and octahedron edge sharing is discussed. The Ge containing compounds have tolerance factor $tg1$ and hence do not show the series of octahedral rotation distortions and the existence of edge-sharing octahedral phases known for Pb and Sn-based compounds, but rather a rhombohedral distortion. ${\mathrm{CsGeI}}_{3}$ is found to have a suitable gap for photovoltaics both in its cubic (high-temperature) and rhombohedral (low-temperature) phases. The structural stability of the materials in the different phases is also discussed. We find the rhombohedral phase to have lower total energy and slightly larger gaps but to present a less significant distortion of the band structure than the edge-sharing octahedral phases, such as the yellow phase in ${\mathrm{CsSnI}}_{3}$. The corresponding silicon based compounds have not yet been synthesized and therefore our estimates are less certain but indicate a small gap for cubic ${\mathrm{CsSiI}}_{3}$ and ${\mathrm{CsSiBr}}_{3}$ of about $0.2\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.2$ eV and $0.8\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.6$ eV for ${\mathrm{CsSiCl}}_{3}$. The intrinsic stability of the Si compounds is discussed.


The convergence rates of explicit agglomeration multigrid algorithms for turbulent flow problems are significantly worse than for inviscid flow problems. Two techniques for reducing numerical stiffness are investigated and compared. Directional coarsening, controlled by the parameter β, alters the agglomeration algorithm to generate coarse grids that reduce localized cell stretching. Line-implicit smoothing, controlled by the parameter α, adds implicit terms to the preconditioner along one-dimensional lines constructed on the mesh. Optimal values of β and α are presented for structured and hybrid unstructured meshes. A factor of two improvement in asymptotic convergence rates has been demonstrated. Substantial improvements in CPU time can be obtained for a five-order residual reduction.


Reading the novels of Wang Zengqi is a course of wandering about their charm.The twofold narrative mode,consisting of apparent narration and latent narration,is the effective generator of the charm which implies the author's unique aesthetic standards and culture orientations.


: The use of timber forest resources has historically been a source of income and livelihood for families in lowland forests in the Brazilian Amazon. However, many of these woods are used without the knowledge of their properties. Studying the technological properties of these species is fundamental to subsidize their use and management, especially in shorter cycles of forest asset utilization. The objective of this research was to characterize the physical properties of the wood of Calycophyllum spruceanum of 12 years of age. The analysis were performed according to the radial position of the trunk (medulla-bark direction) and the traction wood and opposite wood, marked by the eccentricity of the medulla. Four trees were harvested for sampling and were furthermore analyzed. The density of the wood increased in the radial direction, with higher values closer to the bark. There were no significant differences between the two types of wood, traction and opposite, for the physical properties.


The present investigation focused on determining bacteria of clinical interest in the waters of the Guamote River, showing pathogens causing infections that could involve the therapeutic failure. The contamination the water resource is the problem that worldwide has become the most significant emphasis, due to the enormous proliferation of pathogenic bacteria for man, which have acquired antimicrobial resistance causing antibiotic inefficiency for various types of diseases and infections. A study was conducted with a qualitative approach and descriptive research type, with a non-experimental field design, and a transversal cohort, which occurred with the collection of water samples at six different geographical points, to proceed with the measurement of pH, the temperature of the environment and water. Bacterial identification was performed using the Gram technique by obtaining pure strains in the Blood, CLED, MacConkey agars, with their respective interpretation of biochemical tests to classify the bacteria previously affected by gender and species, measured by the Kirby Bauermethod the bacterial susceptibility and thus identifying the presence of 8 types of bacteria of clinical interest: Aeromonas spp., Enterococcus spp., and various types of
Enterobacteria (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Citrobacter amalonaticus,
Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, Citrobacter diversus). Determining most bacterias demonstrate resistance to antibiotics such as second and third-generation cephalosporins, quinolones, and aminoglycosides, concluding that the Guamote River shows massive contamination of pathogenic bacteria resistant to antibiotics for clinical use.