Background
 Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are heterogeneous group of acquired clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorders characterized by atypical stem cells maturation and genetic instability leading to an enhanced risk of progression to acute myeloid leukemia. Low risk MDS patients have a lower probability to evolve in leukemia but are commonly characterized by dyseritropoiesis. These patient are incline to long term accumulation of iron in the organs due mostly to red blood cell transfusion (RBC) but iron overload may also occur in MDS patients who do not receive RBC transfusions due to the ineffective erythropoiesis. It is well known the effect of oxidant-mediated tissue's injury through the formation of free toxic iron species in the liver and heart site, but recent knowledges assumes that this mechanism is effective also in the bone marrow nice, where oxidative stress seems to impaired the haematopoietic stem cells growth. At this moment microscopic examination of the stainable iron in the bone marrow is considered the gold standard for determining the iron stores. The effect of bone marrow's iron overload on overall survival in the low risk MDS has been a matter of unresolved debate. We aimed to investigate the predictive value of bone marrow iron accumulation as demonstrated by Perl's staining on outcome in such patients.
 Design
 We retrospectively analyzed all low risk,intermediate-I MDS patients who had diagnosed in our institution in the last 20 years (since 1998). Diagnosis of MDS was made according to WHO criteria. Patients were stratified based on International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS). Patients had undergone bone marrow aspiration as part of the diagnostic work up for their MDS. Two different experienced hematologist analyzed all samples. Bone marrow aspiration slides with at least seven fragments were considered suitable. Perl's Prussian blue stain was used to stain bone marrow, assessed by modified Gale's grading (Tab. 1) and then correlated with outcome.
 Patients and methods
 Marrow staining of one hundred and fourteen consecutive MDS patients were revised and analyzed. Median age was 70 years (range 32-93). Eighty three patients were IPSS low- risk and 30 Intermediate I. All patients were evaluated for bone marrow iron stores with Perl's stain. Twenty-seven patients had grade 1 (+), 31 grade 2 (++) and 56 grade 3 (+++). Patients had never or minimally received RBC . None of these patient had received iron chelation before marrow examination. Probability of overall survival (OS) was estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method and the significance was assessed by the log-rank test.
 Results
 20-year OS was significantly lower in patients with higher Perl's score (median = 80 ±7 months in grade 3; median = 70 ±17 months in grade 2; median = 144 ±18 months in grade 1 , P=0.011); Fig. 1
 Conclusions
 We evaluated retrospectively the bone marrow aspirate from 114 consecutive new MDS low-risk, Intermediate-I IPSS patients with Perl's stain for iron detection. Although Perl's grading is a qualitative method, it is still the gold standard to detect iron storage in the bone marrow. Our results correlate Perl's stain at diagnosis with long term outcome in MDS patients. We show how higher grade of iron storage at diagnosis can impact on outcome in these patients. We conclude that Perl's stain, together with Ferritin and blood transfusional burden could be another marker at diagnosis of iron-related toxicity that predict overall survival.

 Pilo: Novartis Italy: Honoraria. Angelucci:Jazz Pharmaceuticals Italy: Other: Local ( national) advisory board; Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated (MA) and CRISPR CAS9 Therapeutics AG (CH): Other: Chair DMC; Roche Italy: Other: Local (national) advisory board; Novartis: Honoraria, Other: Chair Steering Comiittee TELESTO Protocol; Celgene: Honoraria, Other: Chair DMC.


The invention provides a method, device and displaying device for overvoltage driving and relates to the technical field of displaying. The problem that when an existing displaying device carries out overvoltage driving, the overvoltage effects of large gray-scale values and small gray-scale values are not obvious is solved. The method for overvoltage driving includes the following steps that the displaying gray-scale value of the current frame is obtained, and is a gray-scale value in a displaying gray-scale section. According to the displaying gray-scale value of the current frame, a target gray-scale value of the current frame is obtained and is a gray-scale value in a target gray-scale section. The minimum target gray-scale value is larger than the minimum displaying gray-scale value and/or the maximum target gray-scale value is smaller than the maximum displaying gray-scale value. Displaying gray-scale values in the displaying gray-scale section correspond to target gray-scale values in the target gray-scale section in a one-to-one mode. According to the target gray-scale value of the current frame and a displaying gray-scale value of a previous frame or a system gray-scale value of the previous frame, a system gray-scale value of the current frame is obtained and corresponding gamma voltage is output according to the system gray-scale value.


There are two points I would add to the recent excellent review article by Cunningham and Brull (1). First of all, in discussing CO2 embolus complications, they referenced two articles published by this journal years ago by Clarke et al. (2) and Root et al. (3). The important point to note is that the article by Root et al. reported that the deadly effect of their CO2 embolus was delayed 1 h after insufflation of CO2 by its temporary trapping in the portal system. Many have reported CO2 embolism occurring acutely during the formation of the pneumoperitoneum, and its dassic signs are known to all (4-9). However, the article by Root et al. reminds us to consider the rare complication of delayed CO2 embolism if cardiorespiratory deterioration occurs anytime in the perioperative period of a laparoscopic procedure. Second, emphysema is the common result of extraperitoneal needle placement and CO 2 insufflation rather than delayed CO2 embolism from perforation of a venous tributary of the portal system as described by Root et al. Ahn and Leach (10) made a distinction between subcutaneous and preperitoneal emphysema as technical complications of laparoscopy. They felt that preperitoneal emphysema is much more difficult to diagnose early. Whereas treatment of subcutaneous emphysema may be done through the trocar shield or needle by pressing the skin against the abdominal fascia, they suggested that the multilocular CO 2 pockets of preperitoneal emphysema should not be squeezed lest they dissect toward the more vascular lateral pelvic wall and risk causing a gas embolus. Direct needle aspiration is their recommended treatment. William W. Sargent, MD, MS Department of Anesthesiology St. Luke's Hospital 915 E. 1st Street Duluth, MN 55805


The aim of the work presented in this thesis was to investigate different mechanical and chemical pre-treatments which can dramatically change the properties of native cellulose and add alternative routes to structure formation. Ball milled cellulose, which had a reduced crystallinity, degree of polymerisation and degradation temperature, was rehydrated in excess water resulting in recrystallisation. Fully amorphous samples recrystallised to the more thermodynamically stable type II polymorphic crystal structure. Flash differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), which allows thermal transitions to be scanned at much higher rates than conventional DSC, was able to register a glass transition temperature for amorphous cellulose. The next stage of the study focussed on the production of freeze dried galactomannan foams. Cellulose fibres provided reinforcement to the foams. The level of reinforcement was related to fibre content, size, crystallinity and surface roughness. Microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) provided the greatest reinforcement due to its much higher surface area and fibrillated structure. Extrusion was found to be a useful alternative to homogenisation for the production of MFC and to create foams using alternative processing to the freeze drying routes.

A novel molten salt hydrate, LiCl/urea/water, was found to swell native cellulose and reduce its crystallinity. A weak gel-like structure was formed at ambient temperature. Micro DSC results showed that this structure was melted out at 60oC but the process was reversible indicating hydrophilic to hydrophobic conformational changes on the surface of the cellulose fibres, although these were likely to be dependent on the celluloses having a low degree of polymerisation. In these solvent conditions starch granules were eroded from the outside rather than being swollen as has been found for some ionic liquids and underwent total dissolution in LiCl/urea/water. Fenugreek and xyloglucan, which are both highly branched, were found to increase in viscosity in LiCl/urea/water relative to water, possibly due to the breakage of all intramolecular associations whereas the viscosity of konjac which is predominantly unbranched did not change. Locust bean gum (LBG) had a lower viscosity in LiCl/urea/water compared to water due to the disruption of aggregates. Confocal microscopy showed that fenugreek and LBG are able to bind to cellulose in water, however, the conformational change of fenugreek in these solvent conditions inhibited it from binding to cellulose in LiCl/urea/water whereas conformational change allowed xyloglucan to bind to cellulose in LiCl/urea/water whilst it was unable to bind in water. Konjac did not bind to cellulose in either solvent system. The pre-treatments shown in this work will enable the creation of novel cellulose composites.


A single-agent dose-escalating Phase I and pharmacological study of the polyamine synthesis inhibitor SAM 486A was performed. A dosing regimen of four weekly infusions followed by 2 weeks off therapy was studied. Fifty patients were entered into the study. Dose levels studied were 1.25, 2.5, 5, 8, 16, 32, 48, 70, 110, 170, 270, and 325 mg/m2/week. Pharmacokinetic sampling was done on day 1, and trough samples were taken weekly during the first treatment cycle. Pharmacodynamic sampling was done on days 1 and 22. At 325 mg/m2/week, dose-limiting toxicity was seen (one patient each with grade 4 febrile neutropenia, grade 3 neurotoxicity, and grade 3 hypotension with syncope and T-wave inversions on electrocardiogram). The recommended dose for further testing was set at 270 mg/m2/week. Infusion time was increased from 10 to 180 min due to facial paresthesias and flushing and somnolence. Drug exposure increased linearly with dose. Mean +/- SD t1,2 at 70-325 mg/m2 doses was 61.4+/-26.2 h, with a large volume of distribution at steady state. In peripheral blood leukocytes, a clear relationship between dose and inhibitory effect on S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase or changes in intracellular polyamine pools was not recorded. SAM 486A can be administered safely using a dosing regimen of four weekly infusions followed by 2 weeks off therapy. The recommended dose for Phase II studies using this regimen is 270 mg/m2/week.


Information is given on the analysis of lignites from various Russian deposits as the raw material base for obtaining humic preparations. A characteristic was given of the biological activity of the separated sodium humates. The technology of producing humic preparations free of ballast was developed.


In 1928, one of America's most famous thinkers, John Dewey, came to the USSR. What he saw formed the basis of his book Impressions of a Revolutionary World. It was not long ago that this book was v...


Although possible worlds semantics is a powerful tool to represent the semantic properties of natural language sentences, it has been often argued that it is too coarse: with the tools that possible worlds semantics puts at our disposal, any relevant semantic difference has to be a truth conditional difference representable as a difference in intension. A case that raises questions about the ability of possible worlds semantics to make the appropriate discriminations is the distinction between rigidity and direct reference, an issue deeply connected to the representation of the behaviour of two operators: 'dthat' and 'actually'. Differences between the mode of operation of 'dthat' and 'actually' have been observed, but they have not been examined in depth. Our purpose is to explore systematically to what extent the observed differences between the two operators have truth conditional consequences that are formally representable in possible worlds semantics.


PurposeThis study aims to investigate the consequence of the quality of governance (QoG) in moderating the effect of healthcare spending on human development.Design/methodology/approachThe authors employ a two-step Windmeijer finite sample-corrected system-generalized method of moments (sys-GMM) estimation technique on a panel dataset of 161 countries from 2005 to 2019. The authors use healthcare expenditure as the main explanatory variable and the Human Development Index (HDI) as the dependent variable and also consider voice and accountability (VnA), political stability and absence of terrorism (PSnAT), governance effectiveness (GoE), regulatory quality (ReQ), rules of law (RLaw) and control of corruption (CoC) dimensions of governance indicators as proxies of good governance. The authors develop a new measure of good governance from these six dimensions of governance using principal component analysis (PCA).FindingsThe authors empirically revealed that allocating more healthcare support alone is insufficient to improve human development. Individually, PSnAT has the highest net positive effect on health expenditure that helps to increase human welfare. Further, the corresponding interaction effect between expenditure and the Good Governance Index (GGI) is negative but insignificant for low-income countries (LICs); negative and statistically significant for sub-Saharan African (SSA) economies and positive but insignificant for South Asian nations.Originality/valueThis study is an in-depth analysis of how governance impacts the effectiveness of healthcare expenditure to ensure higher human development, particularly in a large panel of 161 countries. The authors have developed a new index of good governance and later extended the analysis by separating countries based on the income level and geographical location, which are utterly absent in existing literature.


Ecological civilization is the fundamental to promote the development of medical records management.The paper introduces the principles of ecological civilization in department of medical records from following aspects:human ecology,ecological balance and sustainable development.It also puts forward construction ideas for this ecosystem from two aspects:ecological culture in the department of medical records and new culture environment of network language,so as to promote stable and sustainable developmentin department of medical records.


With the global consensus on the need for sustainability practices, green governance has attracted increasing attention from international business (IB) scholars and multinational enterprise (MNE) managers. In this study, we propose a more fine-grained framework of the green governance context along two dimensions: foreign direct investment (FDI) policy and environmental regulation. Then, we examine the framework using cluster analysis. On the basis of a multiple-case study comprising 11 Chinese MNEs in pollution-intensive industries operating in four different green governance contexts, we conclude that (1) the green governance context is a significant factor in MNEs' global location choices and is an important driving force behind MNEs' response patterns; (2) environmental capabilities enable MNEs to surmount a host country's environmental entry barrier and facilitate wider global business deployment; (3) technological capabilities increase MNEs' competitive edge and allow them to better harness a host country's growth opportunities; (4) there are four types of green governance response patterns, and the details of the proposed classification structure and its validation are presented; and (5) both strict environmental regulation and friendly FDI policy can positively influence MNEs' adoption of more active response patterns, and greater availability of environmental and technological capabilities does not affect MNEs' environmental commitment. This study contributes to the international strategy-capability-environment alignment of emerging economies' multinational enterprises (EMNEs) in different green governance contexts.


North‐western Sudan, as a part of the eastern Sahara, is among the driest places on earth. However, the region underwent drastic climatic changes through the alternation of dry and wet conditions in the past. During humid phases, when the rain was plentiful over a prolonged time period, the surface was veined by rivers and dotted by large lakes. The new Shuttle Radar Topography Mission data (SRTM ∼90 m) revealed a large endorheic drainage basin, which is centred by a large terminal palaeolake, in the northern Darfur State. The use of GIS methods allowed the delineation of the drainage basin and its associated palaeorivers. The SRTM data along with the Landsat (ETM+) and Radarsat‐1 images corroborate the presence of segments of palaeoshorelines associated with the palaeolake highstands. These constitute a convincing argument of the long‐term existence of a possible pre‐Holocene large water body in the region in the past. The remains of the highest palaeoshoreline have a constant altitude of 573±3 m asl. At its maximum extent, the mega Lake occupied an area of about 30 750 km2 (the same size as the Great Bear Lake, Canada's largest lake), which would have contained approximately 2530 km3 of water. This, ancestral lake, which we named the Northern Darfur Megalake (ND Megalake), represents indisputable evidence of the past pluvial conditions in the eastern Sahara. The discovered palaeoshorelines will have significant consequences for improving our knowledge of continental climate change and regional palaeohydorology, and should be taken into consideration in studies of past human habitation in the region. Much of the water carried by the Northern Darfur palaeorivers and the ND Megalake would have percolated into the underlying rocks feeding the Nubian Sandston aquifer. These findings show that the used approach of space‐data integration can help significantly in the groundwater exploration efforts in the Darfur region, where freshwater access is essential for refugee survival, and can be successfully adopted in other parts of Sudan and arid lands in general.


9075Background: BRAF V600E mutations occur in 1% to 2% of lung adenocarcinomas and act as oncogenic drivers. Initial cohorts of the BRF113928 (NCT01336634) trial evaluated efficacy and safety of D monotherapy (cohort A; n = 78) or D + T (cohort B; n = 57) in pts with previously treated BRAFV600E–mutant metastatic NSCLC. At primary analysis, overall response rates (ORRs) were 33.3% and 63.2% in pts who received D or D + T, respectively. Furthermore, durable response (median duration of response [DOR], 9.0 mo) was observed in D + T pts. Here, we present an updated survival analysis based on additional follow-up. Methods: In this phase 2 trial, 2 cohorts (A and B) of pts with previously treated metastatic BRAFV600E–mutant NSCLC were enrolled sequentially. The primary endpoint was investigator-assessed ORR. Secondary efficacy endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS), DOR, and overall survival (OS). D and T were dosed orally at the established phase 2 dose of D 150 mg twice daily and T 2 mg once dail...


In the native pathway to therapeutic cannabinoid biosynthesis in Cannabis sativa, the three‐step production of a key intermediate, olivetolic acid, is catalysed by the enzymes tetraketide synthase (TKS; linear tetraketide intermediate production in two stages) and olivetolic acid cyclase (OAC; final C2 → C7 aldol condensation). In the absence of OAC, a nonenzymatic C2 → C7 decarboxylative aldol condensation of the tetraketide intermediate occurs forming olivetol. TKS is a type III polyketide synthase, and the question arises why it is unable to form olivetolic acid directly, but instead forms this unwanted side product. We determined the TKS, CoA complex structure, and performed structurally guided mutagenesis studies to identify potential residues responsible for cyclization pathway discrimination in type III polyketide synthases. Prior studies suggested an 'aldol switch' is necessary to allow linear tetraketide intermediate release prior to cyclization, thereby enabling subsequent olivetolic acid production by OAC. However, our studies do not support the presence of a universal or predictable 'aldol switch' consensus sequence. Instead, we propose the mode of ordered active site water activation between type III polyketide synthases catalysing different cyclization mechanisms is subtle and homologue‐specific. Our work indicates that subtle structural variations between homologous enzymes can have a major mechanistic impact on the catalytic outcome. This highlights the importance of embedding high‐resolution structural analysis of multiple enzyme homologues with classical site‐directed mutagenesis studies when investigating highly similar enzymes with different mechanistic pathway outcomes.


1. Economopoulos N, Kelekis NL, Argentos S, et al. Bright-dark ring sign in MR imaging of hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma. J Magn Reson Imaging 2008;27:908–912. 2. Harisinghani MG, Saini S, Weissleder R, et al. Differentiation of liver hemangiomas from metastasis and hepatocellular carcinoma at MR imaging enhanced with blood pool contrast agents. Radiology 1997; 202:687–691. 3. Saini S, Edelman RR, Sharma P, et al. Blood pool MR contrast agent material for detection and characterization of focal hepatic lesions. Initial clinical experience with superparamagnetic iron oxides. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1995;164:1447–1452. 4. Van Beers B, Roche A, Mathieu D, et al. Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of the liver: MR and CT findings. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1992;16:420–424.


The experimental interventions of ice-sports safety are studied by knowledge lectures,brochures and knowledge competition mode.The subjects are the first-grade students of the Wangbao junior middle school in Daqing City.The situation of ice-safety knowledge grasping is assessed throng the questionnaire before and after the experiment tested.The SPSS17.0 is used to get data for T test of self-contrast.The results show that the students can master ice-sports safety knowledge,safety protection skills and athletic injury first-aid knowledge through knowledge lectures,skills training,safety manual learning,knowledge competitions and other intervention forms.We can conclude that the content and method of experimental intervention are effective and feasible.


The Alhambra Monumental Ensemble (Granada, Spain) is a unique well-preserved palatine city from the medieval Islamic period, and it constitutes the best example of Nasrid architecture. In this work, we focus on the study of one of its most unknown decorations: Wall paintings with the appearance of red bricks. These faux-brick decorations are found in many different locations within the Alhambra complex, including both exterior and interior walls, arches and vaults. We have considered locations from different Nasrid reigns to gain information about their characteristics in terms of materials, execution techniques and conservation state. They have been studied combining a non-invasive methodology using portable equipment (X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and Raman spectroscopy) with complementary studies on selected samples (Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and Raman microimaging). In general, those located in the exterior are poorly preserved, in contrast with the good conservation state of the interior motifs. The red rectangles of these decorations were painted over a white finishing layer, which acted also as the edge lines between these false bricks. The red colour was always due to hematite (α-Fe2O3), as revealed by its characteristic Raman bands. The use of a natural red ochre pigment (very abundant in the region) could be hypothesised considering XRF and SEM-EDS results. In general, the white layer was made of lime mortar and the presence of CaCO3 in the painting layers suggests the use of lime-based techniques (either fresco or mezzo fresco). Only in one of the indoor locations, a different execution technique, based on gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O) plaster, was used. The identification of calcium oxalate in this location, in the form of weddellite (CaC2O4·2H2O), can be interpreted as the result of organic binder degradation. Furthermore, superficial contamination with gypsum was always detected in outdoor locations.


ABSTRACT Caviidae and Hydrochoeridae (extant Cavioidea s.s.), probably the most peculiar among rodents, are characterized by their evergrowing double-heart-shaped cheekteeth. They have classically been rooted in Eocardiidae, which ranges from Deseadan to 'Colloncuran' (late Oligocene-middle Miocene) in Patagonia, although in the Deseadan and Colhuehuapian (early Miocene) remains are very scanty. For the Colhuehuapian, only one species coming from the southern cliff of the Colhué Huapi Lake (Gran Barranca, Chubut, Argentina) was known so far. In this paper, the first Colhuehuapian eocardiids from outside Gran Barranca are reported: Luantus minor, sp. nov., and Chubutomys leucoreios, sp. nov. They are represented by two fragmentary mandibles and a few isolated cheek teeth, from the Trelew Member of the Sarmiento Formation at Bryn Gwyn, lower valley of the Chubut River, Chubut. The new species enlarge the knowledge of eocardiid diversity, and reinforce the hypothesis of a basal dichotomy for the group. L. minor represents one of the smallest species of the series Asteromys + Luantus + Phanomys + Eocardia, which likely gave rise to modern Cavioidea s.s. C. leucoreios pertains to a group of species with precocious hypsodonty and apparently low diversity, but without modern descendant.


Varietal improvement programme: The kharif or winter rice as the major crop in Assam is entirely dependent on rainfall and as such it is subjected to vagaries of monsoon such as flood, drought etc. with resultant crop damage or delayed planting. To cope with such situation, the university has developed rice varieties that can withstand submergence by flash flood for a period of 7-15 days (Table 1). Under delayed planting situation a photosensitive rice variety having staggering ability is developed (Table 2). Both the varieties are on the pipeline for release and await field demonstration in the next few years.


Dr. Skin, a dermatologic surgeon and head of a resident training program at a well-recognized academic center performed a surgical excision on a patient's eyelid growth. The patient called in the evening with concerns about her vision and spoke with Dr. Skin's covering physician who assured her that was not unusual. In the morning, the patient's vision was gone. She sues both Dr. Skin and his covering physician. Is Dr. Skin liable?


This paper give all kind of the definitions, property and computation methed of generalized inverse matrix. And solution of linear equations is represented by generalized inverse matrix.


This study reports on the synthesis, characterization and peptide release behavior of an in situ physically and chemically cross-linking hydrogel. (Meth)acrylate bearing ABA-triblock copolymers consisting of a poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) middle block, flanked by thermosensitive blocks of random N-isopropylacrylamide (pNIPAm)/N-(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide dilactate (pHPMAmlac2) and exhibiting lower critical solution temperature behavior in aqueous solution were synthesized. Upon body temperature induced physical gelation, these polymers were cured by Michael type addition reaction with thiolated hyaluronic acid (HA-SH) to yield injectable in situ gelling, biodegradable but structurally stable and biocompatible hydrogels. These stable and elastic networks were prepared by mixing (meth)acrylated ABA-triblock copolymers and thiolated hyaluronic acid at a ratio thiol/(meth)acrylate groups of 1/1. The simultaneous physical and chemical gelation kinetics, investigated by rheological measurements, demonstrat...


Thank you very much for reading hispanic media impact and influence. As you may know, people have look numerous times for their chosen readings like this hispanic media impact and influence, but end up in malicious downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they cope with some malicious virus inside their computer. hispanic media impact and influence is available in our book collection an online access to it is set as public so you can download it instantly. Our books collection hosts in multiple locations, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Merely said, the hispanic media impact and influence is universally compatible with any devices to read.


we propose electrically reconfigurable metamaterials (MTMs) at terahertz (THz) frequencies using InGaZnO (IGZO) Schottky barrier diodes, achieving a continuous amplitude modulation of 13%. The IGZO film was deposited at the capacitive gap of electric-field-coupled inductor-capacitor (ELC) MTMs. By sweeping the depletion region with DC bias, the averaged conductivity of IGZO film is changed, and thus the reconfiguration is accomplished. Upon varying the film conductivity, the simulated transmission can be modulated from 14.5 to -9.9 dB at 0.39 THz, corresponding to a modulation depth of 13%. Such active metamaterials address many attractive advantages, including not only low cost and simple fabrication process but also reasonable modulation depth and large area for several inch-scale.


The accuracy of a punch biopsy diagnosis of cervical neoplasia in patients with abnormal cytologic findings is assessed. Cervical punch biopsies were performed in 859 patients, and 258 had subsequent cold‐knife conizations. Invasive carcinoma was diagnosed in 189 patients by the initial cervical biopsy. Carcinoma in situ was noted in 194 patients, and this diagnosis was confirmed by conization in 75% of the cases. Pathology of a lower rank was found in 17%, microinvasion in 6%, and frank invasion in 2%. Dysplasia was diagnosed by biopsy in 246 patients. Of the cold‐knife conizations performed in 66 cases of dysplasia, 40% confirmed the dysplastic lesion, 40% revealed carcinoma in situ, 10% chronic cervicitis, 3% microinvasion and 2% invasive carcinoma. A comparative analysis of the biopsy, conization and hysterectomy findings is presented. Multiple cervical punch biopsies from properly selected sites aided by Schiller stain and including an adequate area of the squamocolumnar junction are useful as the initial diagnostic procedure in women with abnormal cytology or suspicious cervical lesions. Conization is indicated if biopsy or cytology findings raise suspicion of a higher rank of neoplasia. All patients with carcinoma in situ and severe dysplasia on biopsy must have subsequent conizations performed. The postmenopausal female with any degree of dysplasia on biopsy and patients with repeated abnormal cytologic findings despite negative biopsy results must also undergo conization.


Abstract After observations on Studies of Culture (Kulturwissenschaften) in relation to their theoretical foundation and their subjects in the last decades, the functioning (style in the sense of Ludwik Fleck) of 'Kulturwissenschaft' will be examined not systematically but exemplarily in four fields: (i) the functions of the so-called liberal and applied arts in the last 250 years, (ii) constellations of subjectivity in industrial society in the nineteenth century, (iii) the relation between security and risk in the present time and (iv) the relation of culture and religion in the polycentric, post-religious, but also post-Enlightenment world. Considerations on the prospects of a historic 'Kulturwissenschaft' in relation to Anglo-American trends follow this course.


We have studied minority-carrier electron and hole transport versus temperature (30-300 K) in a series of undoped, «interface-free,» GaAs/Al 0.3 Ga 0.7 As double heterostructures prepared by organometallic vapor-phase epitaxy, with GaAs thicknesses from 0.1 to 10 μm. This was achieved using an all optical, time-resolved photoluminescence-imaging technique with a spatial resolution of 3 μm, temporal resolution of ∼50 ps, and spectral resolution of <1 CM -1


Body Mass Index System project is a device which is used to detect obese level in the human body. This system is Combination of Weight, Height, Waist measurement process. User can manage this system data using GUI and simultaneously user can detect BMI levels of the human body and also user can detect waist circumference for overcome the mass fat issue. BMI System overcomes all pitfalls of the manual system. Hardware of the project consists of a Load cell or a weighting mechanism. The height of a person is calculated by resistances value. Chest size is measured by magnetic field. Result will display on the LCD board. BMI System application has three role modules. One is user module who needs to weight controlling and second one is authorizer who allows the user and third one is a guest. This application has different processes like New Registration, Login, Search, Measurement Control, User search and Admin control. Admin can keep all persons record who are going to fill the registration form. This paper presents the development, Designing prototype, working procedure, Interfaces of BMI System.


The report analyzes the seasonal patterns of natural gas demand and supply in the Lower-48 United States with an emphasis on understanding the seasonal operations of gas delivery systems on a regional basis. Methodologies based on the analysis of actual gas utilities are developed to determine the daily load duration curve for gas demand. The physical capacity of the pipeline, underground storage, and peakshaving facilities to serve demands in each gas consuming region also is examined. The study demonstrates the analytical basis required to assess seasonal interactions of gas supply and demand on a regional basis with a high degree of realism for the purpose of evaluating the R D implications of seasonal gas utility loads.


Dynamic protein assembly along supramolecular columnar polymers has been achieved through the site-specific covalent attachment of different SNAP-tag fusion proteins to self-assembled benzylguanine-decorated discotics. The self-assembly of monovalent discotics into supramolecular polymers creates a multivalent, bio-orthogonal and self-regulating framework for protein assembly. The intrinsic reversibility of supramolecular interactions results in reorganization and exchange of building blocks allowing for dynamic intermixing of protein-functionalized discotics between different self-assembled polymers, leading to self-optimization of protein arrangement and distance as evidenced by efficient energy transfer between fluorescent proteins.


With the implementation of the credit system in more and more colleges and universities, new situation, new problems and new requirements brought about by the practice comprise severe challenge to the ideological and political work of students in colleges and universities. Researchs about how to take the initiative to accommodate the implementationion of the credit system and the new situation of education reform will give impetus to the ideological and political work of students.


It is significant to develop the Missile aviation training emulator for improving teaching quality and training proficiency.In this article bring forward a kind of simulation method based on OpenGL view-class and present the simulation system architecture and achievement procedure.The architecture is made of database,basic setting,alternative control,texture,3D models etc.All the parts are in combination with the operation procedure.The visual simulation parts,include movie simulation,instrument and data show,are derived form the upper parts through the operation procedure.Solve such pivotal technology problem as viewpoint transform,pose modification,scene movement and instrument simulation.


First bite syndrome (FBS) is the development of pain in the parotid region after the first bite of each meal and can be seen after surgery of the parapharyngeal space. The cause is not clear but has been proposed to involve a loss of sympathetic nerve function to the parotid, causing a denervation supersensitivity of salivary gland myoepithelial cells. The purpose of this study was to review the records of 12 patients with FBS to determine any common features of the operations performed that would support this theory of parotid "sympathectomy" as an etiologic factor of FBS.


This paper proposes a simple yet accurate least square method to identify the equivalent inertia constant of individual inertia providers. The proposed method requires ambient measurements and is based on the well-known classical swing equation of synchronous machines. The proposed method shows a very good accuracy for the inertia identification of the rotational and virtual inertia in different operating conditions, including stationary ones, and can also be used to quantify the inertia support effect of the time-varying adaptive inertia.


Inositol pholyphosphates (InsPs) are ubiquitous in nature. They play crucial roles in diverse cellular processes. Multiple Inositol Polyphosphate Phosphatase (Minpp1) is an ER luminal protein implicated in dephosphorylation of InsPs in vitro. However, its physiological function in vivo is unclear. Recent studies have shown that it also dephosphorylates compounds other than InsPs and its expression is altered during chondrocyte differentiation. ER resident proteins involve in protein folding, maturation and transport to various cellular destinations and are affected by external ER stressors. ER stress is likely to influence cellular processes regulated by ER proteins including Minpp1. Our previous studies indicated an increased expression of Minpp1 during apoptosis. Therefore, in order to understand physiological relevance of Minpp1 in ER related functions, in this study, we have compared changes in its expression due to apoptosis with other stress conditions. Using Western blot analysis in a mouse osteoblastic MC3T3 cell line, we found an increased expression of Minpp1 upon induction of heat shock, osmotic and oxidative stresses. Our results suggest that Minpp1 may play a role in the regulation of ER stress and in apoptosis. Physiological relevance of the altered expression of Minpp1 is being further explored following gene silencing with Minpp1 siRNA.


The radial and vertical thermocouple temperatures in a cylindrical diffusion cloud chamber have been measured during operation, using copper‐constantan thermocouples supported by a light Bakelite framework. Readings were taken at regular time intervals, beginning with the addition of the solid CO2, through thermal ``equilibrium,'' and until the chamber had ceased to operate upon the depletion of the refrigerant. The vertical thermocouple temperature gradient in the sensitive volume (the lower one‐third of the chamber) was found to be approximately 13°C/cm. The addition of heat to the top of the chamber had negligible effect on the vertical gradient in the bottom third of the chamber and hence changed the depth of the sensitive volume only slightly. There appeared to be no appreciable horizontal gradient.


We investigate the relation between welfare and preference satisfaction in economics, and show that the extension of the scope of economic analysis through the 20th century forces economists to question the validity of the preference satisfaction criterion as a normative criterion for evaluating public policies. We then argue that welfare economists should clarify the normative content of this criterion in order to properly design public policies. We illustrate our point with the case of the selection at the entry of university, and show that, according to the normative criterion used by the social planner, the optimal policy radically changes. In particular, we argue that -- if we adopt a paternalistic conception of welfare -- it becomes necessary to establish a clear distinction between preference and welfare, and to integrate the different social and psychological biases that can influence the decision of the individuals in the design of public policies.


In this study, we explored how Korean society looked at foreign students even before the implementation of the Study Korea Project policy through a big data analysis of news trends. We collected 14,121 news articles related to foreign students from January 1, 1990 to November 25 2022, and words with high degree centrality and eigenvector centrality were labeled as keywords, and words with highest TF-IDF score were considered as topics. As a result of co-occurrence word network analysis, we examined the process of agenda formation centering on the Gyeongnam region prior to the implementation of the Study Korea Project. In addition, although news articles related to foreign students increased due to the implementation of the Study Korea Project, COVID-19 had a decisive effect on the increase in the issue salience of foreign students. As a result of analyzing the topics by three different periods, we identified that 'the perspective of international trade' was the dominant viewpoint in Korean society, rather than 'the perspective of global education'. Based on these results, an urgent call for the internationalization of higher education based on an intercultural perspective was requested to respect and welcome the diversity of foreign students.


Shared Value is a new approach to creating value,which involves the element of corporate social responsibility.It aims to balance the conflict between corporate economic goal and social goal.This study takes 112 Chinese listed manufacturing companies of the electrical machinery and equipment manufacturing industry in HS stock exchange as samples,uses return on equity(ROE) to measure firm performance,uses shared value measures used by enterprises to measure shared value,then applies the content analysis method to collect data for the variable of shared value,and empirically tests the relationship between shared value and firm performance.The study finds that shared value has positive influence on firm performance,which means that the more measures of shared value a firm takes,the better its performance will be.Shared value can make enterprises find the balance point between economic goal and social goal,the enterprises should give up restricted value creation and value enjoyment to create shared value,meanwhile,a lot of shared values which enterprises take are the result of related policies made by government,as a result,government should consider more shared value helpful to enterprises and society when making related policies.


ObjectiveTo compare the effects of risperidone and chlorpromazine on cognitive function in first-episode schizophrenic patients.MethodsA randomized comparative clinical study was used to compare the cognitive function of risperidone and chlorpromazine before and after 12-week treatment.55 patients with first-episode schizophrenia were divided two groups . 33 cases were treated with risperidone in a regimen of 1~7mg/d.22 cases were treated with chlorpromazine in a regimen of 25~600mg/d. PANSS 、WMS and P 300 were used to evaluate adverse effects of drugs and cognitive function.ResultsThe long-term memory,short-term memory, immediate memory, MQ of first-episode schizophrenia were damaged obviously. Latency periods of P 2 [(186.1±22.8) ms],N 2 [(241.0±24.5) ms] and P 3 [(349.1±28.2) ms]of P 300 potentials with first-episode schizophrenia group was longer than those of the control group, the amplitude of P 2 [(3.7±2.1)μV] and P 3 [(4.2±2.5)μV]of P 300 potentials with first-episode schizophrenia group was lower than that of the control group. There were significant difference between the two groups (P0.05 ) . The recognize,association,comprehend,recite number ,MQ of WMS were significantly higher in risperidone than in chlorpromazine, while no differences in P 300 between two groups before and after drug treatment.ConclusionThe presence of cognitive dysfunction in first-episode schizophrenia has been confirmed .The study suggests that the effects of risperidone on cognitive function are better than that of chlorpromazine.


Photo-dependent processes, including circadian rhythm, autophagy, ubiquitination, neddylation/deneddylation, and metabolite biosynthesis, profoundly influence microbial pathogenesis. Although a photomorphogenesis signalosome (COP9/CSN) has been identified, the mechanism by which this large complex contributes to pathophysiological processes in filamentous fungi remains unclear. Here, we identified eight CSN complex subunits in the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae and functionally characterized the translocon subunits containing a nuclear export or localization signal (NES/NLS). Targeted gene replacement of these CSN subunits, including MoCSN3, MoCSN5, MoCSN6, MoCSN7, and MoCSN12, attenuated vegetative growth and conidiation in M. oryzae and rendered non-pathogenic deletion strains. MoCSN7 deletion significantly suppressed arachidonic acid catabolism, compromised cell wall integrity, subverted photo-dependent ubiquitination, and abolished photo-responsiveness. Surprisingly, we also discovered that MoCSN subunits, particularly MoCsn7, are required for the cAMP-dependent regulation of autophagic flux. Therefore, MoCSN significantly contributes to morphological, physiological, and pathogenic differentiation in M. oryzae by fostering cross-talk between multiple pathways.


Purpose: To report the emergent endovascular management of an external iliac artery (EIA) rupture after standard guidewire recanalization and balloon angioplasty. Method and Results: A 54-year-old diabetic male presented with an occlusion of the EIA associated with severe stenotic lesions of the femoral bifurcation. Guidewire recanalization of the lumen was followed by balloon angioplasty, but evidence of EIA rupture was detected on the intraoperative arteriogram. Temporary homeostasis was achieved using the angioplasty balloon, and a Cragg EndoPro System 1 stent-graft was inserted transluminally to repair the injury. At 18 months poststenting, routine color Doppler confirmed continued patency of the vessel repair. Conclusions: While rupture of the EIA during angioplasty usually demands open surgical correction, an endovascular procedure can provide a fast, efficient, and less aggressive method of treating this serious complication.


The purpose of this study was to compare the performance of Bank Central Asia and Bank Muamalat Indonesia in the 2008-2009 period approaches CAMEL (Capital, Assets, Management, Earning, Liquidity). In this study, the authors use the analysis to know the ratio CAMEL bank based on the financial statements consisting of balance sheet, income statement, statements of quality assets, and consolidated capital adequacy for 2 period, began in 2008 to year 2009. Result of calculation with the CAMEL analysis showed that the BCA has a healthy predicate with a total value of Camel in 2008 amounted to 94.43 and 95.58 in the year 2009.
Whereas for BMI have enough healthy predicate with a total value of Camel in 2008 amounted to 75.46 and 68.92 in the year 2009. So the BCA has a better financial performance compared with BMI.


It can be difficult for an employer or a recipient of federal funds to determine exactly what types of disabilities are protected by the Rehabilitation Act of 1973. Relevant literature has not given a great deal of attention to this specific question. Recent cases, however, provide additional information that can assist in determining which disabilities are protected. The question of what is protected handicap differs from the question of whether a handicapped person is also "qualified." This article focuses on the threshold question of determining whether a handicap actually exists, concentrating on the Rehabilitation Act of 1973. The definition of protected handicaps found in the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 and in the corresponding regulations are also examined. Additionally, this article discusses court decisions addressing different types of disabilities in order to provide a clearer sense of what is being recognized as a protected handicap.


In 1917–19, Barling and Webb, Berry, Cowley and Levy, and Webb and Lang discussed the elastic stability of struts of various tapers, but it appears to have escaped notice that one of the few cases in which formal integration is possible is that in which the tapered profile of axial longitudinal sections is part of a parabola; this gives a " homogeneous linear " differential equation, i.e., a linear equation of the form f (xd/dx) y = F (x).


A review of recent findings on the South American Monsoon System (SAMS) is presented. SAMS develops over a large extension of land mass crossed by the equator with surface conditions that vary from the world's largest tropical forest in Amazonia to a high desert in the Altiplano. The high Andes mountains to the west effectively block air exchanges with the Pacific Ocean, but plentiful moisture transport from the Atlantic maintains intense precipitation that is strongest over central Brazil. There is also abundant precipitation over the subtropical plains of South America in association with moisture transport from tropical latitudes. Furthermore, midlatitude systems are important modulators of the tropical precipitation. The combination of all these factors results in a unique seasonal evolution of convection and rainfall. The findings presented emphasize the system's complexity, and highlight the importance of the South American continent as the core of atmospheric linkages with the adjacent oceans. A discussion on directions for research on SAMS is also presented. There are still outstanding questions on the relative roles played on the system evolution by the orography, local and remote heat sources, and sea surface temperature anomalies. Other remaining questions address the impact of Amazon-deforestation on water and energy cycles over the two largest river basins of South America (Amazon and La Plata).


In recent years, considerable progress has been made in the collection, publication, and evaluation of early European performance records. The recovery of documentary material describing civic and religious spectacles of many kinds has led theater historians to define their field in much broader terms than ever before. Consequently, medieval and renaissance drama is no longer conceived of as a more or less haphazard assortment of autonomous literary texts. In light of new archival discoveries, theater historians are increasingly inclined to discuss public processions, plays, interludes, and various other ceremonies and entertainments in terms of the non-literary features that conditioned them that is to say, in terms of pragmatic stagecraft (including music, costume, backdrops, props, and special effects), cast selection and supervision, financial sponsorship, crowd management, and various forms of local competition for textual ownership and organizational control. In short, the early theater has come to be regarded as a complex institution that directly affected (and was in turn affected by) a wide range of mutually interconnected economic, social, political, intellectual, and religious forces. The new understanding of theater history in the broader context of social and economic history has been especially productive in the case of English and German drama due to the efforts of the Malone Society, the Records of Early English Drama (REED) project, and the pioneering work of Bernd Neumann Л In France, however, relatively little attention has been devoted to the recovery of documentary evidence. It has


My Bachelor thesis focuses on the comparison of German and Austrian German in chosen texts. The theoretical part is divided into four subparts. The first chapter describes the His-tory of Germanic languages concentrating on German and Austrian German. The next part deals with the geographical location, the history of both languages, how the other European languages influenced the German one, minority of Germany and Austria, dialects and fed-eral states. The following chapter draws a comparison between grammatical, lexicological and phonetic differences, and also typical expressions of both languages, Austriazismen. The practical part is comparative, it analyses Austrian German and German in concrete texts, the recipes. As well describes different expressions which were found in the recipes.


Laplacian matrices play an important role in linear consensus algorithms. This paper studies linear-quadratic regulator (LQR) based optimal linear consensus algorithms for multi-vehicle systems with single-integrator kinematics in a continuous-time setting. We propose two global cost functions, namely, interaction-free and interaction-related cost functions. With the interaction-free cost function, we derive the optimal (nonsymmetric) Laplacian matrix. It is shown that the optimal (nonsymmetric) Laplacian matrix corresponds to a complete directed graph. In addition, we show that any symmetric Laplacian matrix is inverse optimal with respect to a properly chosen cost function. With the interaction-related cost function, we derive the optimal scaling factor for a pre-specified symmetric Laplacian matrix associated with the interaction graph. Illustrative examples are given as a proof of concept.


This article aims to investigate the epic aspects that permeate the literary life of Francisco Félix de Souza, a central figure in the transatlantic slave trade in the first half of the 19th century, both in the work The Viceroy of Ouidah (1982), by the English writer Bruce Chatwin, as well as in its adaptation for Cobra Verde (1987), a cinematographic product written and directed by Werner Herzog. Exploring the "literary" level, the focus of the investigation is to identify the presence of the hybrid character of the "historical" and "wonderful" levels present in the adaptations, in addition to recurring epic themes such as the hero's identity – sanctification and anthropological vision of the myths that embrace him –, the spatial displacement and, mainly, Bahia as a metaphor of a lost paradise, unreachable by the protagonist himself, and even by all his descendants. Chatwin and Herzog rewrite Francisco Félix de Souza's life from different points of view, but still in an epic way, giving him a new name and completing his story.


Taste loss is a rare sign in Guillain–Barre syndrome (GBS). Two of 100 patients reported subjective alteration of taste in one study,1 whereas none of 169 experienced taste loss in another.2 We have investigated the frequency of patients with GBS who present with taste loss as the initial symptom. We conducted retrospective examinations of 457 patients with GBS who had been referred to our neuroimmunologic laboratory between 1997 and 2001 for serum antiganglioside antibody tests. Five patients had accompanying subjective alteration of taste during the illness. As the initial symptom, only three patients had taste loss. An illustrative case is described here.

A 45-year-old man had a respiratory infectious illness, which was resolved within 2 days. Three days after resolution (day 1), he could not identify the flavor of a nutrition drink. On day 4, he experienced numbness in the perioral region and his four limbs. He had deficiencies for salty, bitter, sour, and …


Abstract This paper describes the previously undocumented Paleoindian lithic blade assemblage from the Paleo Crossing Site, Ohio (33ME274). Qualitative and quantitative comparisons of the Paleo Crossing blade assemblage to blade assemblages from other Paleoindian sites demonstrates its fragmented and utterly exhausted nature, but support its designation as Clovis. This is significant given that a majority of the Paleo Crossing toolstone outcrops 600 km southwest of the site in southern Indiana and western Kentucky, a prominent locale for Clovis prismatic blade manufacture. We propose that blade reduction was practiced for prolonging the use-life of distally retouched endscrapers, a prominent tool form at Paleo Crossing. Since use-wear and ethnographic evidence often show that endscrapers were used for hide-working, Paleo Crossing may be an appropriate venue to test for the presence of intense caribou hide-working.


Logistic and Gompertz growth models are fitted in growth data for Friesian × Sahiwal (F × S) and Friesian × Sahiwal × Haryana (F × S × H) breed at Agra station, Gompertz model gives better fit than Logistic model. The Generalized Least Squares (GLS) estimates are found to be more precise than Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) estimates for both Logistic as well as Gompertz model under heteroscedastic error condition for both breeds. Growth is found better for F × S × H breed, therefore, triple cross may have increased maturing rate while asymptotic weight (mature weight) is found better for F × S breed. Breed type significantly affects weight at maturity.


Pea root meristem cells which are actively dividing contain higher proportions of polyribosomes than do cells whose progression through the mitotic cycle has been arrested by starvation. The initiation of cell division which follows the addition of sucrose to starved roots is accompanied by an increase in polyribosome content. This reformation of polyribosomes is insensitive to actinomycin D; it is suggested that preexisting mRNA molecules, synthesized prior to starvation, participate in polyribosome reformation, but that those mRNA species necessary for movement of cells through the mitotic cycle are gradually lost during the starvation period. FOLLOWING EXCISION of root tips of Pisum sati


The design and implementation of a GaN stacked distributed 2–19GHz monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) power amplifier (PA) is presented in this paper. The PA architecture uses six distributed cells, each containing a stack of three transistors. A design method that employs capacitance compensation is presented and applied to a 5–10-W PA design for the 2–19-GHz range in a 100-nm GaN on Si technology. The resulting measured performance at 28-V supply shows a gain flatness of 20.5 ± 1.5 dB, with an output power of 37.4–40.9 dBm and corresponding poweradded efficiency of 22%–49% over the entire frequency range. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first demonstration of a GaN on Si stacked distributed MMIC PA, with a die size of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2.8\times1.7$ </tex-math></inline-formula> mm2 and with a maximum power density of 2.58 W/mm2 over chip area.


A patient with long-standing diabetes and associated peripheral neuropathy with autonomic dysfunction had neuropathic arthropathy (Charcot's joint) involving both feet, the left ankle, the right knee, and the left wrist. In spite of considerable deformity and extensive roentgenographic evidence of damage to these joints, there was only minimal pain. Roentgenograms of the left wrist revealed narrowing of the joint spaces between the carpal bones, with fragmentation and disorganization. An open biopsy demonstrated eroded articular cartilage, a normalappearing synovial membrane, and an absence of an inflammatory cellular infiltrate. This appears to be the first case, to our knowledge, of diabetic arthropathy in which the upper extremity was affected.


We relate non-geometric fluxes backgrounds after S-duality with deformations of those found over the T /Z2 × Z2 orientifold in the T-dual setup with a non-geometric Q flux turned on. Working in Type IIB with O3/O7-planes, we build upon the results of recent work and show that not only can we solve the Bianchi constraints of a single non-geometric Q flux but they can be extended to include its S-dual P flux. This P flux is implemented as linear deformations of the T-duality invariant gauge subalgebra by an element of its second cohomology class. Algebraic geometry methods are extensively used to solve these constraints and supersymmetric vacua, centering our attention on Minkowski solutions, become systematically computable and are also provided to clarify the methods.


Submitted for the MAR10 Meeting of The American Physical Society Isolated dimers in a 2D-like quantum spin system LixCu2−zZnzO2 HUNG CHANG HSU, Novel Material Development Crystal Growth Lab, HSIANGLIN LIU, Department of Physics at the National Taiwan Normal University, F.C. CHOU, National Taiwan University Center for Condensed Matter Sciences, NOVEL MATERIAL DEVELOPMENT CRYSTAL GROWTH LAB TEAM, MICRO OPTICAL SPECTROSCOPIC LABORATORY TEAM — The existence of isolated dimers induced by the non-magnetic dopant Zn in a 2D-like quantum spin system LixCu2−zZnzO2 is found. Low Zn substitution (< 5 % substituted CuO2 chain) reduces spiral ordering temperature and a finite size effect is found to support a picture of phase separated domains with aggregated dimers near Zn dopant centers at the domain boundaries. Higher Zn substitution (> 5% substituted CuO2 chain) introduces a novel phase transition to show a cusp shape anomaly on the magnetic susceptibility. The isotropic magnetic susceptibility reduction for high Zn level at low temperature suggests an incomplete spin gap opening and the magnetic-field dependence of the new transition temperature shows a character of weak spin-phonon coupling. Moreover, susceptibility data fitting using isolated dimer plus frustrated spin chain model describes the magnetic behaviors of samples of high Zn level between 2 400 K well. Hung Chang Hsu Department of Physics at the National Taiwan Normal University Date submitted: 13 Nov 2009 Electronic form version 1.4


The 8.1 earthquake occurred in west pass of Kunlun Mountains in Qinghai-Tibet plateau inner on Nov.14,2001 is the largest earthquake in China mainland since 50 years.The most of earthquakes more than Ms5.0 in China mainland occurred in the first grade block-Qinghai-Tibet Block,only several Ms4.0 earthquakes occurred in North China Block,and there were less earthquakes in the other blocks in China mainland.The most of earthquakes occurred at main active faults in each active block.From 1998 to 2001,the active strength of mid-strong earthquakes is that later half a year was obviously more than beginning half a year in China mainland.


The 2015 revised information curriculum emphasizes the ability to solve problems in real life based on the basic concepts, principles and techniques of computer science. How the contents of textbooks are designed is an important issue in terms of achievement of educational goals and whether contents can be easily and clearly communicated. The purpose of this study is to analyze the concept presentation method presented in middle school informatics textbooks by three types of textcentered type, picture-centered type, and case-centered typeto analyze differences in understanding according to individual variables (sex, subject preference). Analysis results found the figure-centered type showed the highest degree of comprehension among students, and the preference of contents design type and the difference of understanding according to sex did not show significant differences. According to the preferred subjects, understanding of the content design types were found to be significantly different according to preferred subjects.


The present paper examined the correlation between risks and efficiency within Islamic banks in the MENA area. This paper used three stages of analyses. The first stage consisted of measuring the efficiency of those banks by employing the nonparametric technique, Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) while the second stage involved analyzing risks by measure credit, operational, and liquidity risks using financial ratios. The third stage would be employing Pearson Correlation Coefficients to examine the correlation between credit, operational, liquidity risks to efficiency for the period of 2006 to 2009. The study results have revealed credit risk has negative relationship to efficiency, while operational risk has found to be negatively correlated to efficiency too. The liquidity risk showed insignificant correlation to efficiency in Islamic banks in MENA area.


A web of interlocking observations has established that the expansion of the Universe is speeding up and not slowing, revealing the presence of some form of repulsive gravity. Within the context of...


We perform ultrafast pump-probe nano-spectroscopic imaging of WSe2-SiO2 interfaces. From transient phonon softening as a local probe of substrate temperature, we resolve heterogeneity in ps thermalization and quantify interfacial boundary conductance.


EnglishIn this paper we would like to underline the special interdependence that exists between history and literature in the current Mozambican narrative. There are many writers who take History as a starting point for their work. Do Mozambicans writers feel the need to count the facts that make the pages of their own history? Has it been converted into an obligation? Nonetheless, in some works of writers like Pauline Chiziane, Mia Couto or Ungulani Ba Ka Khosa, history is the basis of their narratives. However, not all see history in the same way: some are concerned with the History with a capital letter, for others the goal is to show the history with minuscule. But often, the road goes by the "story". portuguesNeste trabalho pretende-se mostrar a especial interdependencia que existe entre a historia e a literatura na narrativa actual mocambicana. Sao muitos os escritores que exploram nas suas obras a historia como ponto de partida. Sera que os escritores mocambicanos sentem a necessidade de contar os factos que constroem as paginas da sua propria historia? Isto ter-se-a convertido numa obrigacao? Seja como for, nalgumas obras de escritores como Paulina Chiziane, Mia Couto ou Ungulani Ba Ka Khosa, a historia esta na base das suas narrativas. No entanto, nem todos usam a historia da mesma maneira: alguns interessam-se pela Historia com maiuscula; para outros, o objectivo e mostrar a historia com minuscula. Porem, frequentemente, o caminho passa pela "estoria".


Since the pharmaceutical industry is a research oriented sector, the research and development capability based on the qualified RD First, in 2007 the field of pharmaceutical R&D personnel is currently under-supplied as many as about 5,600 people. The rate of under-supplied is about 18.1%. Second, in 2017 the evaluation shows that the R&D personnel in this field will be more severely under-supplied as many as 13,500 people. The rate of under-supplied will be about 28.6%. As a result, the confrontation of demand and supply evaluation shows that, in general, severe shortages of R&D manpower in the field of pharmaceutical will result if there are not adequate manpower policy adjustment.


While polymer flooding improves oilfield recovery, it also produces a large amount of polyacryl- amide wastewater (PAM). Polyacrylamide wastewater has the characteristics of a high degree of emulsification, high viscosity, and difficulty degrading. The treatment of polymer-containing sew- age has become a research hotspot. In this paper, based on the dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) experiment, the effect of non-equilibrium plasma on the degradation rate and viscosity of PAM solution was studied by changing the discharge time, discharge voltage, and PAM solution concentration. At the same time, the environmental scanning electron microscopy was used to observe the PAM before and after discharge. As the morphology of the solution changed, the degradation products of PAM solution after discharge were detected by Fourier-transform infrared absorp- tion spectrometer. The results show that under the conditions of a discharge voltage of 20 kV and a frequency of 10 kHz, the degradation rate of DBD to a PAM solution with a concentration of 1,000 mg/L can reach up to 89%. DBD can cause the PAM molecular chain to curl up and reduce its viscosity rapidly. DBD is produced as the active substance first broke the PAM macromolecular chain into small molecules. Further treatment can produce acrylamide monomer and acrylic acid.


One of the poly-Si thin-film cells developed at the University of New South Wales (UNSW) is the EVA cell. In this work, SiN films for EVA cells as an antireflection/barrier coating were investigated. In addition, the effect of hydrogenation pre-treatment of solid phase crystallisation (SPC) on grain size and open-circuit voltage (Voc) was investigated. The SiN films deposited by PECVD were examined for uniformity of the thickness and the refractive index of the films across the position of the samples in the PECVD deposition system. A spectrophotometric analysis was used to determine these film properties. It was found that these properties were very uniform over the deposition area. Good repeatability of the depositions was also observed. A series of SiN film depositions by reactive sputtering were also performed to optimize the deposition process. Parameters adjusted during the deposition were nitrogen flow rate, substrate bias, and substrate temperature. By investigating the deposition rate, refractive index, and surface roughness of the films, the three deposition parameters were optimised. The effects of post SiN deposition treatments (a-Si deposition, SPC, RTA, and hydrogenation) on thickness and refractive index of both SiN films deposited by PECVD and reactive sputtering were investigated by using samples which have the same structure as the EVA cells. The thickness of the PECVD SiN films decreased about 6 % after all the treatments. On the other hand, the thickness reductions of the reactively sputtered SiN films were very small. The refractive index of the PECVD SiN films increased about 0.6 % after the treatments, whereas that of the reactively sputtered SiN films decreased 1.3 % after the treatments. As a possible method to improve the performance of EVA cells, hydrogenation of a-Si was investigated as a pre-treatment of SPC process. There were no obvious differences in the grainsize and the Voc of the EVA cells with and without the hydrogenation. Therefore it is likely that the hydrogenation pre-treatment of SPC does not have a beneficial effect on the performance of EVA cells.


December 2007 Frederick H. Smith, The Archaeology of Alcohol and Drinking. Gainesville, Florida: University Press of Florida, 2008. Pp. 195 + xvii. $24.95 US (paperback). Frederick Smith presents a comprehensive analysis of major works written on the subject of alcohol and archaeology and includes a case- study of Mapps Cave, Barbados. The book is part of a series, the American Experience in Archaeological Perspective. According to Smith, "the focus on alcohol and drinking in this book is meant to expand the avenues of historical archaeological inquiry and, at the same time, provide a new disciplinary tool for alcohol studies researchers" (6). The book is divided into seven chapters, including five thematic chapters. Chapter two explores how archaeology can be used to decipher the importance of glass fragments such as bottles, ceramics and other artifacts, possibly used by persons to drink alcohol. The chapter explores types of evidence that might be collected in the field that might demonstrate alcohol culture at an archaeological site. Chapter three examines the significance of alcohol production sites, whereby Smith makes note of studies carried out at wineries, distilleries, and plantation boiling houses, for example. The focus here is on early modern alcohol industries, but Smith raises an important issue by asking, when did alcohol production transform "from a cottage industry that supplemented household incomes into an industrial science that produced a primary alcoholic commodity on a large scale" (45)? The fourth chapter demonstrates the importance of transportation and alcohol. The ability of an alcohol producer to transport their product over long distances meant that an owner could maximize their profits by selling to foreign markets. Moreover, the rise of European immigrants to colonies in the Americas in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, also led to European alcohol producers supplying the Atlantic world with European beers, wines, and spirits. The importance of alcohol in world trade is well argued, as archaeologists have identified alcohol-related paraphernalia from Japan in northern California, for example. Chapter 5 investigates the role of alcohol consumption at taverns, boarding houses, and coffee houses. Although Smith notes that some probate inventories provided details about alcohol consumption, the emphasis of this chapter is on commercial and public drinking, as oppose to intimate venues such as a person's home. Smith applies his synthesis of knowledge discussed in chapters two through five to present a case study of an archaeological site called Mapps Cave located in Barbados. Smith wants to understand what, where, why, when, and how did enslaved Africans drink alcohol in a society dominated by the institution of slavery. Smith describes the site as, "a cavern and sinkhole complex in St. Philip, Barbados, used by enslaved peoples in the seventeenth to nineteenth centuries" (104). …


We have read the article published by Hansrani et al. [1] with great interest. In their well defined case control study, they have evaluated the venous symptoms in patients with pelvic vein incompetence (PVI) and varicose veins (VV). They have recruited 40 premenopausal women with PVI and VV, 40 premenopausal women only with VV and 40 healthy controls without PVI and VV. They have found that, PVI patients suffer more pelvic pain than the VV patients and healthy controls. They have also found that quality of life in PVI patients are lower than healthy controls and these patients need more national health system resources. According to these results, there are several take home messages. Peripheral varicose veins and pelvic peins are linked by a volume or pressure load or direct connections. In the light of this association, we can state that venous reflux or dilatation in these vascular systems might be originated from a generalized vascular wall disease [2]. It is very important to identify the symptoms in this patient group because of the decreased quality of life and increased hospital admissions in these patients as the authors mentioned in their study [1]. These patients should be assessed with a more detailed history of their complaints. The prevalence of chronic venous diseases is high in elderly population and these patients have comorbid diseases. Also assessment of venous symptoms is difficult in this population [3]. Due to the selection of younger patients and the absence of comorbid diseases like pregnancy, renal failure, heart failure, liver failure, venous thromboembolism, malignancy, hysterectomy allowed the authors to evaluate the venous symptoms more detailed. This condition makes their study more valuable. However, we need further studies to explain the symptomatology and pathophysiology of chronic venous diseases.


A methodology adopted to analyze the three-dimensional flow in turbine distributors is described. The particularity of this work lies in the approach used to account for the interaction casing/distributor in the specification of the boundary conditions for flow simulations on selected stay vane/wicket gate passages. The flexibility of the method is illustrated through its application to various problems. Preliminary comparisons between predictions and available experimental data for head losses and hydraulic torque on wicket gates demonstrate the validity of the procedure.


The objective of this study was to estimate the optimum dietary essential amino acid pattern for male Taiwan country chicks. A series of experiments was conducted with chicks, 14 d of age, for 2 wks. A basal synthetic diet was established using a dose response test for all essential amino acids referring to the broiler requirements recommended by NRC (1994). Twelve chicks were sacrificed at the beginning to provide initial body nitrogen data, and every group of six birds received the basal diet or a diet with a deficiency in a single essential amino acid in twenty one treatments by intubation according to their daily metabolic body weight (MBW). Deposited body nitrogen was determined using comparative slaughtering. According to the daily intake from the limiting amino acid per unit of MBW and the body nitrogen accretion rates for every two deficient groups with the same limiting amino acid but at different levels, a corresponding straight line was computed for each essential amino acid to intersect with a horizontal line made by the body nitrogen accretion rate of the control group. The x coordinate of the intersection represented the daily requirement for growth plus maintenance based on MBW corresponding to the essential amino acid. The amino acid ratios can be considered as the optimum pattern of dietary essential amino acids. The results, expressed with respect to lysine = 100, were arginine 105, methionine 81, histidine 34, tryptophan 18, leucine 103, phenylalanine 135, isoleucine 69, threonine 65 and valine 79. This pattern could be utilized to compute the dietary requirements (g/kg feed) for all essential amino acids by multiplying by the requirement of a single essential amino acid cited from the literature.


More sophisticated and industrialized society takes a higher incidence of suicidal cases. A patient with major depression, who as rescued from hinging attempt, was referred to our hospital 3 days later. The endotracheal tube (ET) was removed at our emergency room. Unfortunately, dyspnea and hoarseness immediately developed 4 hours after the removal of ET. Unilateral laryngeal edema was observed by laryngeal edema was observed by laryngeal videoendoscopic examination. The edema subsided after intensive treatment with intravenous steroid for 3 days. The patient was discharged 4 weeks later without any neurological deficit. Otolaryngologists should be aware of the possibility of unilateral laryngeal edema in patients with hanging attempt during the recovering period.(J Otolaryngol Soc 1997;32:459-463)


This note illustrates theoretical worst-case scenarios for groundness analyses obtained through abstract interpretation over the abstract domains of definite (Def) and positive (Pos) Boolean functions. For Def, an example is given for which any Def-based abstract interpretation for groundness analysis follows a chain which is exponential in the number of argument positions as well as in the number of clauses but sub-exponential in the size of the program. For Pos, we strengthen a previous result by illustrating an example for which any Pos-based abstract interpretation for groundness analysis follows a chain which is exponential in the size of the program. It remains an open problem to determine if the worst case for Def is really as bad as that for Pos.


A monolithic process has been used to produce superconducting materials by controlled precipitation of the A‐15 (V3Ga) phase inside the bcc matrix of a V‐rich solid solution. Ingots of V‐(17∼19 at.%)Ga were prepared by arc melting, homogenization, and quenching, were deformed at intermediate temperature into tape, and were aged at temperatures in the range 600–1000 °C to precipitate the A‐15 phase. The maximum critical transition temperature (∼14.8 °K) was found in materials aged at temperatures of 750 °C or below. At these aging temperatures the Tc initially increases with aging time, and passes through a distinct maximum. The source of the exceptionally high Tc is not clear, but may be attributable to a combination of high solute content and internal strain in the small A‐15 precipitate particles.


Phenolic compounds are the most numerous and the most studied group of plant biology activity compounds. Phenolic compounds participate in various metabolic processes, which cause their biological activity. All natural phenolic compounds are low toxicity and show a wide range of effects on the human body. The most promising area of applied research is the study of the antioxidant, antibacterial, cytotoxic properties of phenolic compounds in order to obtain safe drugs of natural origin for the pharmaceutical industry. The search for new sources of plant phenolic compounds can be an effective, environmentally and economically advantageous alternative to their synthetic analogues.
Compounds of polyphenolic nature are almost the most numerous class of biologically active substances that exhibit a high antioxidant status and, as a result, have a wide range of pharmacotherapeutic activity.
For the analysis, an alcohol-water extract of thyme herb obtained by infusing for 7 days was used.
The content of flavonoids, hydroxycinnamic acids and the amount of polyphenolic compounds were determined spectrophotometrically in terms of rutin, chlorogenic acid and gallic acid, respectively.
It was shown that the content of flavonoids, hydroxycinnamic acids and the sum of polyphenolic compounds in terms of rutin, chlorogenic acid and gallic acid in the investigated samples of thyme herb is 1.531, 0.505 and 5.478%, respectively.
Antioxidant activity was determined in vitro. A 0.1% solution of adrenaline hydrochloride was used as a system that produces the superoxide radical, taking the autoxidation of adrenaline into adrenochrome in an alkaline environment.
During the study of antioxidant activity, a sufficiently high level of it was found in the thyme herb extract, the indicators were 50% at the beginning of exposure, increased to 57,45% after 15 seconds and, gradually decreasing further, still remained sufficiently pronounced.
It was calculated that the rate of the autoxidation reaction of adrenaline in the experimental sample with the addition of creeping thyme extract was 0.0310 ou/min, against the control sample – 0.0446 ou/min, where pure adrenaline was used, while the indicator of the percentage of reaction inhibition when using the tested extract was 30.33%.


The social relationships of 10 young adult males in a free-ranging group of Japanese macaques at Katsuyama, Okayama Prefecture, were examined pre- and post-fission. Before group fission, higher-ranking young adult males interacted less frequently with not only their mothers, but also with other matrilineally-related females than did lower-ranking males. Six-year-old males clearly formed two subgroups according to their relative rank, even though they did not form any clear subgroups at the age of two.Higher-ranking males spent more time away from females of the group than did lower-ranking males. However, when it was time for artificial feeding, higher-ranking males obtained scattered food more frequently than lower-ranking males. After group fission, four of the five higher-ranking males and one of the five lower-ranking males remained in the main group, while three of the five lower-ranking males were in the fission group.These differences in the social relationships of young adult males might reflect the female subgroups which appeared prior to group fission.


Dry anaerobic digestion of the source separated organic fraction of Municipal Solid Waste (Vegetable, Fruit Yard waste) was studied in pilot-plant-scale reactors (5 m 3 , 450 m 3 ). The maximum loading rate that could be applied was 7 kg VS/(m 3 .day) which is similar to the loading rate reported for experiments on laboratory scale. Per ton organic waste 70 m 3 (STP) biogas could be recovered. A reactor temperature at start-up of 20 °C which was gradually increased to 35 resulted in a prolonged digestion time, while a temperature of 43 °C at start-up with a gradual decrease to 30 °C gave a similar digestion time as start-up at 35 °C. Particle size reduction of the Vegetable, Fruit and Yard waste resulted in a longer solids retention time which was related to the reduced leachate recycle flow that could be applied. The optimum value for the inoculum factor I, i.e. the ratio of inoculum solids and the initial total solids at start-up, was 0.5 - 0.6. A solids retention time of 30 days was observed. At higher values of I longer retention times were observed due to a suboptimal leachate recycle flow rate. At lower values of the inoculum factor (0.40 or lower) the solids retention time was 50 days or longer due to the relatively long period of suboptimal conditions (low pH, high organic acid concentrations).


Introduction, 1. The United Nations Centre on Transnational Corporations, reflections: Sotirios Mousouris, Peter Hansen, 2. The transnational corporation: separating fact from fiction, reflections: Persephone Economu, Zbigniew Zimny, 3. Code of conduct: attempting an international regulatory framework, reflections: Samuel K. B. Asante, Karl P. Sauvant, Kari Tapiola, Miguel Marin-Bosch, Guttorm Vik, 4. Transparency and disclosure: lifting the veil from corporate reporting, reflections: Robin Jarvis, Richard Martin, Peter Walton, Nancy Kamp-Roelands, 5. Activism and engagement: setting standards for corporate behavior, reflections: Christiane Stepanek-Allen, Harris Gleckman, 6. Country policies: maximizing the positive, minimizing the negative, reflections: Rory Allan, Susan Brandwayn, Maurice Odle, Julian Gomez, 7. Corporate conduct and the public interest, reflections: Antoine Basile, Klaus Sahlgren


We propose an approach based on the combination of different techniques in order to discriminate various reinforcement effects in vulcanized natural rubber elastomers with various cross-link densities, filled with carbon black or silica: mechanical response, independent measurements of the cross-link density by proton multiple-quantum NMR, and measurements of chain segment orientation under stretching by X-ray scattering. We show that, while the modulus measured in dynamical mechanical measurements decreases as the strain amplitude increases (Payne effect), the response of the elastomer matrix in terms of average chain segment orientation under stretching measured by X-ray scattering stays constant. The amplification of average chain segment orientation is comparable to the amplification of modulus measured at medium/large strain amplitude. By analyzing the deviations with respect to the behavior of the pure unfilled elastomer matrix, we show that the contribution due to strain amplification effects in th...


Extracts from young leaves of nine sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) and eight sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) varieties, located in the germplasm collection of the 'Direcao Regional de Agricultura da Beira Interior' (Fundao, Portugal), were analysed for five isozyme systems in order to characterise these varieties and detect problems of synonymies and homonymies that frequently present. The sweet and sour cherry varieties analyzed showed low isoenzymatic polymorphism, being PGM and PGI the systems with the highest discrimination power. These systems presented seven and five different zymogrames, respectively. IDH showed four patterns. SKDH and 6-PGD grouped the varieties only into two patterns. The evident and discriminant restrictions of this type of analysis had got results that have only been a complement for agronomical and morphological characterization.


Maternal stress can have long-term adverse consequences on immunocompetence and disease risk of offspring, and winter survival is a crucial demographic parameter in the life-history of an individual that can substantially affect northern rodent population dynamics. An understanding of the effects of maternal stress on winter survival of offspring may help identify mechanisms driving population fluctuations of northern small mammals. Thus, we assessed the effects of maternal stress, resulting from high population densities, on winter survival of first generation (F(1)) and second generation (F(2)) in root voles Microtus oeconomus. Replicate high- and low-density enclosed parental populations were established, from which we obtained F(1) generation that were used to establish new enclosed, equal-density populations. The adults of the high-density parental populations had higher corticosterone levels, an indication of physiological stress, than did those of the low-density parental populations. Over-winter survival of the F(1) generation voles from the low-density parental populations was greater than that of those from the high-density parental populations. Over-winter survival of F(2) generation voles did not differ between the two treatments. Our results suggest that maternal stress affected over-winter survival of first generations but not second generations. Reduced immunocompetence, resulting from high population density stresses, transferred to offspring may be a factor in annual (winter) population declines. Because the effect is transitory, i.e. immunocompetence of F(2) voles is not affected, reduced immunocompetence resulting from high density stresses would not contribute to lengthy periods of low population densities that are characteristic of multi-annual population fluctuations.


Rigorous electromagnetic simulation with TEMPEST is used to provide benchmark data and understanding of key parameters in the design of topographical features of alignment marks. Periodic large silicon trenches are analyzed as a function of wavelength (530-800 nm), duty cycle, depth, slope and angle of incidence. The signals are well behaved except when the trench width becomes about 1 micrometers or smaller. Segmentation of the trenches to form 3D marks shows that a segmentation period of 2-5 wavelengths makes the diffraction in the (1,1) direction about 1/3 to 1/2 of that in the main first order (1,0). Transmission alignment marks nanoimprint lithography using the difference between the +1 and -1 reflected orders showed a sensitivity of the difference signal to misalignment of 0.7%/nm for rigorous simulation and 0.5%/nm for simple ray-tracing. The sensitivity to a slanted substrate indentation was 10 nm off-set per degree of tilt from horizontal.


This article discusses the relative merits of investment incentives in the light of the current competition for foreign direct investment among economies in transition. The case of the Czech National Incentive Scheme is evaluated in terms of three major interrelated issues: "crowding in" additional foreign direct investment, costbenefit considerations and quality of investment. It may be hard to meet by these criteria establishing ex ante conditions for investors applying for incentives. The Czech scheme has "crowded in", at best, 10% more foreign direct investment than in a hypothetical case of no incentives. The decisive question is really whether the programme has succeeded in improving the quality of investment. The findings of this article suggest that screening rules as applied by the Government of the Czech Republic may have been successful in this respect. However, as the scheme is being scaled up, quantity targets start to threaten quality concerns. A simple cost-benefit calculation suggests that, under a worstcase scenario of maximum tax relief to foreign investors, the absence of spillovers and capture of comparative advantages by investors, the social price may be in excess of $40,000 per job created. This price can be compensated only by such opportunity costs as the burden of unemployment outlays, or losses due to not attracting higher-quality foreign direct investment.


An atom and a small cavity with highly reflecting walls can couple and correlate strongly to each other, resulting in pheno mena which may lead to the development of new kinds of field sensors to detect photons without destroying them; the same pheno mena also illustrate basic concepts of quan tum mechanics. The study of these effects, at first theoretical and now entering an acti ve experimental phase, forms a part of cav ity quantum electrodynamics [1], a growing field spanning atomic physics and quantum optics with many potential applications.


Fundamental conception,pricyble of process design and technical characteristics on "negative pressure drop" rolling tchnology are introduced.Its application vista is point out.


SUMMARY

Suction traps operating at low level (1 5 m) were used to catch live alate Rhopalosiphum padi, Macrosiphum (Sitobion) avenae and Metopolophium dirhodum which were tested for transmission of barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV). The first species caught and infective was R. padi, followed by M. (S.) avenae infective some 2–3 wk later and M. dirhodum 3–4 wk later still. Never more than 11-5% of the annual catch of any species transmitted BYDV and the proportion fluctuated from week to week and between seasons in different years.

The relative abundance of infective vectors of ths three species varied; annual numbers of infective M. (S.) avenae and M. dirhodum varied inversely with infective R. padi, the latter also usually transmitted severer virus. The results of the infectivity tests have been compared with the catches of these aphids by the Rothamsted Insect Survey and show that numbers of alate aphids do not necessarily indicate the likely incidence of BYDV.


Modern retail that increasingly cause competition amongst the modern retail. In addition, the rise of modern retail also allows consumers to choose the preferred retail and matched with consumer desires. That matter, which requires the owners of retail outlets to continue to pay attention to the stores in order to survive in competition fairly tight retail businesses and to encourage an increase in profits. Increased profits can be done by increasing the purchase, and spontan purchase became an effective way. Unplanned purchases can be influenced by store atmosphere and convenient service. Matahari Department Store Plaza Semarang Simpang Lima as a retail company, continue to create the store's atmosphere and better service quality, in order to continue to survive in the competitive retail businesses are quite strict. Which is expected to influence consumers to buy products at the store mainly unplanned purchases.This study aimed to examine the effect of store atmosphere and quality of service to unplanned purchase (impulse buying). This type of research is explanatory research. The sampling technique used purposive sampling technique. Respondents in this research were 100 respondents who shopped at the Matahari Department Store Plaza Semarang Simpang Lima. Researchers at the data analysis using SPSS for windows 16.0.Results of this study concluded that the store atmosphere has a positive and significant impact on impulse buying, quality of service has a positive and significant impact on impulse buying, and store atmosphere and quality of service has a positive and significant impact on impulse buying. Results of this study suggest that in order to increase the purchasing behavior of unplanned need to take into account the store atmosphere and quality of service.


To minimize the risk of accident on personnel accessing the PS complex at CERN transfer lines are equipped with beam stoppers. They immediately shut the beam aperture whenever members of personnel enter an accelerator or test facility. Most of them consist of cores out of stainless steel designed for a proton beam-pulse energy at 9.0 kJ during the 70's. Further data on the design history of the beam stoppers is scarce. With the current pulse energy at 35.0 kJ steel reaches its structural limits. Based on the current function of the core requirements on the structural and beam-interaction performance of beam stoppers for personnel safety are drawn. To meet those requirements a compact core compatible to all PS complex is developed, replacing five existing design types. The new core introduces high-density sliced materials which withstand upgraded beam-pulse energies up to 92.5 kJ.


The present invention relates to abrasive grains, which are coated with a micro-particle inorganic powder and a binder, consisting of the group of conventional abrasive grains as well as the group of the 'superabrasives', wherein the binder comprises an aluminosilicate with a molar ratio of Al2O3 to SiO2 of 1:2 to 1:20 as well as at least one complex alkaline fluoride. The particular advantage of this coating is that the binder can already be completely hardened at below 400 DEG C. The invention also relates to a method for producing such abrasive grains as well as to the use thereof for producing abrasives.


The growing literature has considered cognitive behavioral therapy as an effective treatment for autism spectrum disorders and its comorbid aspects, as long as it is adapted to accommodate for the needs of this population. Following these parameters, the present study aims to determine the effectiveness of CBT in reducing anxiety symptoms of an 11-year-old child with a primary diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder, and the consequent improvement of his overall functioning. To objectively measure what's been raised, assessment tools such as CORE-OM-34, SCARED, Vineland-II and BASC-2 were used, which yielded favorable results to the research questions, namely, a considerable reduction in anxiety symptoms and an increased patient functioning at the time of post-intervention.


The right to asylum, as back as the term goes historically, is usually not recognized or granted, mostly due to the lack of a common policy and a consensus regarding solidarity and equality. Therefore, a systematic approximation, rather than the common one of a supposed crisis, is required. The Common European Asylum System (CEAS) was the outcome of a series of collapses of the methods followed and initiatives taken by the European Union towards its creation. The Regulation (EC) No 343/2003, known as "Dublin II", apart from being a negative reference on asylum policies all around the European Union, marked the transition from the CEAS' first phase to the second one. Greece is used as the central example of the Dublin System's shortcomings, principally -but not exclusively- through the case of M.S.S. versus Belgium and Greece. The book also examines the relationship between the current arrivals of persons within the Greek territory and the -political, rather than legal- agreement between the European Union and Turkey. The role of the Schengen area, FRONTEX and the Media is added to demonstrate, through a critical analysis, that human rights are and should be the response to the refugees' situation within Europe.