Summary. A 67‐year‐old man developed a potent inhibitor of factor V shortly after undergoing blood transfusions and surgery. The inhibitor reacted in a time‐dependent manner with factor V and gave a non‐linear concentration graph. Studies with specific antisera indicated that it contained γ and μ heavy chains and both κ and λ light chains. The plasma from two patients with congenital factor‐V deficiency did not neutralize the inhibitor.


The purpose of this study is to assess the transfer of knowledge taught at university to company systems in a dual training of senior technicians through a case study. To achieve this goal, Engerstr


Various frequencies (e.g. visible light, infrared, microwaves) from remote sensing sensors can be used for active fire mapping, forest fire detection and fire emission assessment. However, little is known about the applicability of X-band SAR data for burned area detection. This paper presents a detailed SAR backscatter coefficient analysis and accuracy assessment with respect to CORINE 2006 land cover data. For this purpose five forest fires have been analyzed. Dry as well as wet acquisition conditions have been taken into account. The analysis demonstrated that largest differences in backscatter coefficients between pre- and post-fire conditions were linked to tall and dense vegetation types. Contrarily, scant vegetation was marked by lowest signal differences. High correlation coefficients have been obtained from regression analysis between vegetation indices and SAR backscatter changes. Moreover, a burned area classification algorithm with different thresholds for each vegetation type has been applied. The classification result illustrated that areas abundantly covered with vegetation showed classification accuracies of ~91 %, whereas sparse vegetation achieved ~5 % accuracies.


Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the primary cause of blindness in developed countries. With the progressive aging of the population, AMD is a significant ophthalmological problem in the population over 50 years of age. The etiology of AMD is known to be based on various biochemical, immunological and molecular pathways and to be influenced by a range of genetic and environmental elements. This review provides an overview of the pathophysiological role of oxidative stress and free radicals in the retina with a special focus on the DNA repair efficiency and enzymatic antioxidant defense. It also presents a correlation between miRNA profile and AMD, and indicates their involvement in inflammation, angiogenesis, increased oxidation of cellular components, enzymatic antioxidant capacity and DNA repair efficiency, which play particularly important roles in AMD pathogenesis. Gene silencing by miRNAs can induce changes in antioxidant enzymes, leading to a complex interplay between redox imbalance by free radicals and miRNAs in modulating cellular redox homeostasis.


This paper describes a method to approximate the impulse response of a linear shift-variant system by the impulse responses of a set of linear shift-invariant systems which process in parallel on various windowed versions of the input signal. The method is outlined for one-dimensional systems but the extension to multidimensional case is straightforward.


During the era of colonial development, the Church Missionary Society (CMS) and the London Missionary Society (LMS) revitalised their work by taking advantage of the 1940 Colonial Development and Welfare Act to uplift British Africa. These evangelical organisations did not simply appropriate governmental ideas of development, but formulated their own concepts based on the incarnational theology of the 'whole man' with body and soul. In implementing their developmental policies, these evangelicals promoted Christ's example of a 'servant' to guide missionary conduct as they encountered increased African criticism of colonialism following the Second World War. Both organisations shifted to focusing more closely on souls rather than bodies when African independence movements strengthened during the mid and late 1950s in hopes that Christian ideology would steer Africans towards Christian democracies. By 1960, the CMS and LMS stressed their relationship within the ecumenical Church in their efforts to emancipate themselves from their colonial ties. Through examining missionary discourse on colonial development, this article reveals not only the complexity of development discourse, but also the various ways in which evangelical missionary organisations sought relevance within the context of the Cold War, the rise of the welfare and expert state, and decolonisation.


This paper describes briefly the major developments of the research on salt tectonics in oil-gas-bearing basins in recent years.These developments include mainly the geological modeling of salt tectonics, three-dimensional visualization, physical and numerical modeling, balanced cross-section and restoration, and deformation mechanisms of salt tectonics.Salt tectonics, distributed widespread in oil-gas rich areas such as the Persian Gulf Basin, the North Sea, Gulf of Mexico, Caspian Basin, North Europe and African passive margins, are closely related to hydrocarbon accumulations.Polyphase salt layers and a variety of salt tectonics are developed in the Tarim, Bohai Bay, Jianghan and Sichuan basins.Research work must focus on salt and salt-related deformation assemblages, 3-D geological modeling and 3-D visualization, origin and geodynamic evolution of salt tectonics in China.Regional salt caps are the key to the preservation of oil-gas pools in Tarim, Bohai Bay, Sichuan basins and marine carbonate rocks in south China.It is very important to understand the processes of tectonic evolution, structural styles and hydrocarbon accumulation by studying salt tectonics.


We present photopolarimetry and extensive high-resolution, high-signal-to-noise optical spectroscopy of the rapidly rotating late O-type star zeta Ophiuchi (HD 149757). The polarimetric data show no substantial variability over 1 week (sigma(p) < 0.04%), while the spectroscopic data show characteristic line-profile variations in the form of ''bumps'' migrating from blue to red on typical time scales of several hours. These variations are relatively strong (amplitude approximately 1% of the continuum level) in He I lambda4471, and Si III lambdalambda4552, 4567, 4575. They are seen at lower amplitudes in Mg II lambda4481, but are almost undetectable (amplitude less than or similar to 0.3%) in He II lambdalambda4541, 4686 and N III lambdalambda4511, 4515, 4518. We attribute this to a combination of equatorial gravity darkening and a latitudinally confined origin of the variations.Using a Fourier CLEAN technique, it is shown that the line-profile variations can be adequately represented as a set of sinusoids. The periods, combined with an estimate of the rotational period, lead us to rule out rotational modulation as the origin of the variability. The phase changes of the sinusoids across the line-profiles indicate a repetitive pattern, consistent with sectorial (l = -m) nonradial pulsation. We find four periods: P = 3.339 hr (Absolute value of m = 4), 2.435 hr (Absolute value of m = 5 or 6), 1.859 hr (Absolute value of m = 9 +/- 1), and either 1.366 or 1.292 hr (Absolute value of m = 11 +/- 1). The ''superperiods,'' P Absolute value of m, may be nearly commensurate (at approximately 13-14 hr), but that commensurability is not exact.


Ultraviolet irradiation of a series of 2H-imidazole N-oxides 2 has been shown to effect a clean isomerisation to derivatives of the new ring system, 1,3-diaza-6-oxabicyclo[3.1.0]hex-3-ene, 7. Epoxidation of a representative sentative 7 has given access to the hitherto inaccessible trans-fused 1,3-diaza-4,7-dioxatricyclo[4.1.0. 1,6 0 3.5 ]heptane ring system 9


ABSTRACT A new slotted waveguide antenna is proposed in this paper, which opens eight parallel slots along the longitudinal axis at the broad wall of the waveguide as radiation output facets. It has compact slot structure, which greatly reduces the size of the antenna, and the overall longitudinal size of the parallel slot facet is merely 3.8 mm (just slightly larger than half of the operating wavelength). The slot linear array design of the antenna achieves the central trapped wave radiation effect, avoids energy consumption at communication discontinuous zone, and enhances radiation efficiency. The operating bandwidth could be up to 10 GHz, with the center frequency of 85 GHz. The measured results match well with simulated results, and the gain is slightly higher than 9.0 dBi within the whole operating frequency range. The antenna has features of compact longitudinal structure, wide frequency band, stable gain, etc., and will have good application prospects in wireless communication.


difficulty in explaining the origin of Paulinism will never disappear by being ignored; it will never yield to compromises of 'any kind. It will disappear only when Jesus is recognized as being really what Paul presupposes Him to be and what all the Gospels represent Him as being-the eternal Son of God, come to earth for the redemption of man, now seated once more on the throne of His glory, and working in the hearts of His disciples through His Spirit, as only God can work. Such a solution was never so unpopular as it is to-day. Acceptance of it will involve a Copernican revolution in many departments of human thought and life. But refusal of such acceptance has left an historical problem which so far has not been solved." * Si cette solution est repoussee, ce n'est pas seulement l'exegese et l'histoire qui s'embarrassent de difficultes insolubles; c'est la vie de tous les chretiens, c'est la vie de l'Eglise qui se perd sans espoir. II est trop vrai que cette solution est impopulaire en dehors des milieux catholiques, ce nous sera un nouveau motif de feliciter Ie Dr. Relton d'avoir si courageusement defendu cette these vitale, et de l'avoir fait avec tant de talent.


This paper proposes an improved control scheme to regulate the stator voltage in a standalone doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) under nonlinear and unbalanced loads. The proposed control scheme uses proportional resonant controllers in the 2-phase stationary frame of reference with a zero sequence controller to compensate the voltage distortion under unbalanced loads. It is demonstrated that the proposed control scheme achieves better performance over existing control methods. The total harmonic distortion (THD) of the stator voltage is significantly improved over conventional control methods. Simulation results presented show the effectiveness of the scheme.


Welding is one of the most important joining processes and the effect of welding residual stresses in the structure has a great deal of influence on its quality. In this paper, recent development in computational welding mechanics, particularly calculation of welding residual stresses, is introduced. The hypoelastic formulation of finite element analysis for thermoelastic-plastic deformation is applied to welding processes to find residual deformations and stresses. Leblond's phase evolution equation coupled with the energy equation is employed to calculate the phase volume fraction; this plays an important role as a kinetics parameter affecting phase fraction effects in the mechanical constitutive equation of welded materials. Furthermore, transformation plasticity is taken into account for an accurate evaluation of stress. The influence of the phase transformation and the transformation plasticity on residual stress is investigated by means of numerical analyses using metallurgical parameters in Leblond's phase evolution equation that are adjusted with respect to various cooling rates in a CCT-diagram. Coding implementation is conducted by way of the ABAQUS user subroutines, UMAT.


The utility model discloses a package for LCD TV (liquid crystal display television) backlight module semi-finished products. The package comprises a plastic suction pallet board; the plastic suction pallet board is used for packaging an LCD TV backlight module finished product; and an L-shaped plastic suction strip is arranged in the plastic suction pallet board, between the inner side wall surface of the plastic suction pallet board and an LCD TV backlight module semi-finished product, and clung to an inner angle of the plastic suction pallet board. Due to the additionally arranged L-shaped plastic suction strip, the size gap between the LCD TV backlight module backlight module finished product and the LCD TV backlight module backlight module semi-finished product is filled, so that the LCD TV backlight module backlight module semi-finished product can be clamped between the plastic suction strip and the plastic suction pallet board, then mounted in the plastic suction pallet board which is originally used for packaging the LCD TV backlight module backlight module finished product. Compared with the prior art with cumbersome steps of redesigning and manufacturing the plastic suction pallet board used for packaging the semi-finished product, the utility model has the advantages that the manufacture steps are simplified, and manpower and time are saved.


13C-NMR. spectra of rifamycin-S and some of its derivatives have been measured. A unambigous assignment of the signals, due to the hydrogen bearing 13C atoms, was possible with heteronuclear double resonance experiments. On the other hand the resonances of the quarternary 13C atoms could be ascribed only tentatively. 13C-NMR. spectroscopy gives a more complete picture of the rifamycins, especially about the naphthoquinone chromophore, than previously obtained by 1H-NMR.


Present study is carried out in Punjab Platform, Central Indus Basin. It pertains topetrophysical analysisof well log data of Fort Abbas-01, Bahawalpur East-01 and Marot-01. Well Fort Abbas-01 had target depth of 1650 and hydrocarbon potentials were tested for Kussak and Khewra formations (Cambrian) and Salt Range formation (Pre-Cambrian). The well was declared dry and plugged abandoned. Petrophysical studies include Crossplot generation between log data of Neutron Porosity and Bulk Density. In three wells Neutron Porosity-Density Cross-plots show linear trenddata values matching withlimestone and dolomite lithology. It also includes calculation of porosity, volume of shale and proportion of water content in the Khewra Sandstone. Content of volume of shale varies from 5-25%. Average porosity trend indicates good to excellent which is from 20-35% in all three wells. The results show that water saturation is from 50 – 90 % in all three wells which exceeds the general value suitable for hydrocarbon accumulation. Well correlation shows presence of thick Salt Range and Cambrian formations in wells Bahawalpur East-01 and Marot-01.Permian is pinching out in Fort Abbas-01. Thinning of Paleocene and Mesozoic formations towards Marot-01 is also evident. All the strata isdeepening towards north in well Bahawalpur East-01.


This article is a bit like a team-taught class, a collaboration between a librarian and a writing instructor. First, librarian Robert Miller describes a pedagogical challenge he encountered in a library instruction session: How could he help a student integrate a source into a writing project? In the second part of the article, writing instructor Sandie Friedman addresses that challenge by introducing techniques for teaching students how to make effective use of sources they've found in their research.


Many lines of evidence suggest that the monoamine neurotransmitter serotonin (5hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) plays an important role in modulating incentive motivation – the process by which stimuli with motivational value elicit appetitive behaviour. However, the mechanisms by which 5-HT exerts its effects on incentive motivation are unclear. In this thesis, I systematically investigated how complementary manipulations that enhance 5-HT function alter multiple measures of incentive motivation in mice. In Chapter 3, I examined the effects of acute, pharmacological increases in 5-HT activity and environmental conditions experienced during rearing on two measures of incentive motivation: responding for a conditioned reinforcer (CRf) and an unconditioned sensory reinforcer (USRf). These studies found that the selective 5-HT reuptake inhibitor citalopram consistently reduced responding for a CRf and USRf irrespective of rearing condition. In Chapter 4, I further showed that constitutive genetic deletion of the 5-HT transporter (SERT-KO) and acute citalopram treatment reduced operant responding for a primary reinforcer, a CRf, and a USRf. Additionally, the 5-HT2C receptor antagonist SB 242084 prevented some of the inhibitory effects of SERT-KO and citalopram on incentive motivation. Thus, the results of Chapter 4 provide comprehensive evidence that increasing 5-HT activity inhibits incentive motivation, and that this is mediated in part by 5-HT2C receptor signalling. In iii Chapter 5, I further explored how the 5-HT2C receptor modulates incentive motivation and linked the behavioural effects of 5-HT2C receptor signalling to an inhibitory interaction with the mesolimbic dopamine (DA) system. In Chapter 6, I used an optogenetic approach to delineate a 5-HT pathway that mediates the inhibitory influence of 5-HT on incentive motivation, with a focus on dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) projections to the ventral tegmental area (VTA) of the mesolimbic DA system. These studies found that optogenetic stimulation of both DRN 5-HT neurons and their inputs to the VTA reduced responding for the primary reinforcer saccharin. Based on the results of this thesis, I propose the following mechanism by which 5-HT can influence incentive motivation: DRN 5-HT input to the VTA stimulates inhibitory interneurons by action at 5-HT2C receptors leading to a suppression of mesolimbic DA output and, consequently, incentive motivation.


With the rapid development of China's economy and the continuous improvement of living standards, people pay more and more attention to diet nutrition and health. Buffets are becoming more and more popular because of their ability to meet consumers' various dietary needs. On the basis of the cafeteria, music cafeteria has added music, TV and on site singer's singing, which not only satisfies the consumer's demand for dining, but also increases the consumer's interest and comfort. In order to understand college students' preference for music cafeteria consumption, firstly, this paper adopts a questionnaire survey to obtain the statistical data of students in Shanxi University of finance and economics. After that, descriptive statistics, multiple responses, cross analysis, factor analysis and other statistical analysis methods were comprehensively used to analyze the investigation data. Finally, based on the analysis results, the author provides corresponding strategies and suggestions for the operators of the music cafeteria.


Megalin is an endocytotic receptor belonging to the low-density lipoprotein family. It has often been viewed only as merely a scavenger receptor of absorptive and secretory epithelia. Recent work h ...


WITHOUT going into a lengthy discussion on the significance of a positive skin reaction to tuberculin and its limitations, it is fair to state that few laboratory tests are as satisfactory and as widely used by the medical profession. Any additional contribution to the safety and efficiency of the test should be of value. It is well known that the allergic response to tuberculoprotein, as indicated by the intensity of the reaction to tuberculin, varies in different persons. Thus, a given amount of tuberculin may elicit a mildly positive reaction in one subject and yet, in a more sensitive person, . . .


Academic influence evaluation is an important task in the research institution's evaluation, ranking and resources allocation. A science network method based academic influence evaluation model is proposed in this paper, which focus on building up a comprehensive model with consideration of the papers, projects, patents, academic services and other issues that may contributed to the influence. In order to verify the effectiveness of the model and the evaluation method, a four-collage case study is employed for demonstration. Numerical study shows that, the model and method proposed in this paper obtains quite similar result with the ranking of the colleges in their evaluation by the university, which helps to illustrate the effectiveness of the method. Based on the above calculation and research, this paper introduced three logical conclusions. School academic circles gradually expanded, each college academic influence has an increasing trend; Correlation coefficient between College of total influence and faculties published papers is maximum. Inter-faculty cooperation, the greater the influence of college.


Molecular approaches are increasingly being employed to dissect the genetic changes accompanying tumour formation. These methods can often be confusing to the non‐specialist as they include complex molecular steps. This can reduce the usefulness of such molecular data to clinicians. The authors aim to aid interpretation of molecular studies in general by presenting a comprehensive review of one molecular approach, i.e. the use of restriction enzymes in molecular studies of tumour development.


This paper takes a novel approach to the design of planing craft with active control systems (ACS) by co-designing the longitudinal center of gravity (lcg) and ACS, and compares its performance with a vessel where the lcg and ACS are designed sequentially (traditional approach). The vessels investigated are prismatic in shape. The ACS are modeled as forces on the vessel. The ACS controller is a Linear Quadratic Regulator designed using a reduced order model of the vessel. In the design, only the calm water drag is optimized. The simulated co-designed vessel had 10% lower calm water and mean seaway drag than the sequentially designed vessel. However, the co-designed vessel's seakeeping was poorer — vertical acceleration doses 25% higher. Results indicate that the traditional sequential design approach does not fully exploit the synergy between a planing craft and its ACS; as a first step, the stability constraints should be relaxed in the design exploration.Copyright © 2015 by ASME


The ZA27 alloy was modified by Zr element and heat treated at different temperature with different time within liquid solid zero,then,the development regularity of structure of semi solid ZA27 alloy was studied.As a result:the modified alloy at liquid solid zero when heat treated had this evolution regularity:dendrites,fragment,particals,spheriodals,grains growing.


Introduction: Peptide vaccination constitutes a novel immunotherapeutical approach for the treatment of patients with solid tumors, lymphoma and leukemia. Moreover it might be of use in hematooncological patients for the prevention and therapy of infections like cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation due to immunosuppression. To meet good manufacturing practice (GMP) criteria, we introduce here a bio-assay to validate peptide vaccines for peptide content and bio-activity.

Methods: As a paradigm for peptide vaccine preparation the immunogenic CMV peptide (pp65, pos.: 495–503 NLVPMVATV) lyophilisate was resolubilized in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), phosphate buffered saline (PBS) and admixed with Montanide™ (ISA51: incomplete Freund's adjuvant [IFA]). This mixture freshly prepared, stored at +4°C and cryopreserved at −20°C was subjected to lymphocyte peptide cultures (MLPC) followed by enzyme linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assays and flow cytometry (FACS) as bio-assay.

Results: Addition of different amounts of peptide (10–80 μg) to a MLPC resulted in the generation of interferon (IFN) gamma and granzyme B releasing CD8+ CMV tetramer+ T cells in a dose dependent manner. The combination of FACS and ELISPOT results allowed the definition of the peptide amount in a vaccine preparation. Storage at ±4°C over 24 hrs did not result in a significant change of the immunogenicity of the vaccine, as assessed by ELISPOT and FACS. In contrast, cryopreservation of the vaccine at −20°C resulted in a loss of immunogenicity.

Conclusion: Quantitation of tumor/viral antigen peptides admixed with adjuvants, such as IFA, is feasible through bio-assays as the modified ELISPOT/FACS assay described here, meeting GMP criteria for multi-center trials.


Distributed applications often require high-performance networks with strict connectivity guarantees. For instance, many cloud applications suffer from today's variations of the intra-cloud bandwidth, which leads to poor and unpredictable application performance. Accordingly, we witness a trend towards virtual networks (VNets) which can provide resource isolation. Interestingly, while the problem of where to embed a VNet is fairly well-understood today, much less is known about when to optimally allocate a VNet. This however is important, as the requirements specified for a VNet do not have to be static, but can vary over time and even include certain temporal flexibilities. This paper initiates the study of the temporal VNet embedding problem (TVNEP). We propose a continuous-time mathematical programming approach to solve the TVNEP, and present and compare different algorithms. Based on these insights, we present the CSM-Model which incorporates both symmetry and state-space reductions to significantly speed up the process of computing exact solutions to the TVNEP. Based on the CSM-Model, we derive a greedy algorithm OGA to compute fast approximate solutions. In an extensive computational evaluation, we show that despite the hardness of the TVNEP, the CSM-Model is sufficiently powerful to solve moderately sized instances to optimality within one hour and under different objective functions (such as maximizing the number of embeddable VNets). We also show that the greedy algorithm exploits flexibilities well and yields good solutions. More generally, our results suggest that already little time flexibilities can improve the overall system performance significantly.


ficiency was associated with increased pulmonary artery systolic pressure and decreased colloid osmotic pressure. Interestingly, there was no difference among patients who had pleural effusion and no pitting edema, which individually can reduce electrocardiographic voltage. Moreover, these factors were not additive to the presence of the pericardial effusion in reducing voltage. Sugiura and colleagues appropriately raise the question of a myocardial effect of thyroid hormone deficiency as a contributing factor although this was not directly tested. Sugiura and colleagues used the customary assumptions for low voltage: all limb lead QRSs under 5 mm; all precordial QRSs under 10 mm. This standard will be immediately recognized as generally accepted for practical reasons, but, in fact, based on assumptions (i.e. consensus). Criteria established epidemiologically would not have such clean thresholds as 5 and 10 mm. Electrocardiographers regularly utilize the same standard assumptions when speaking of 'low voltage': at a minimum they have a common, reasonable, though uninvestigated basis for analysis and discussion. A consistent rise in pulmonary artery systolic pressure leads to a consideration of afterload dependency of right ventricular pressure leading in such cases to a greater right ventricular wall tension and concomitant impediFrom the mid to the late 20th century, physiologic and clinical pericardial investigation was mainly centered in the United States (Fowler, Shabetai, Spodick) [1] . More recently, Europe is the principal scene of comparably intensive and extensive work (Imazio, Brucato, Maisch, Permanyer, Seferovic and colleagues, often co-opting Adler in Tel Aviv) [2–4] . During most of this extended period Tetsuro Sugiura and colleagues in Osaka and Kochi have steadily contributed useful investigations of significant pericardial problems [5, 6] . In a recent issue of Cardiology , they reported correlations of reduced QRS voltage and other pericardial responses typical of hypothyroidism [7] . Consistent with contemporary experience there were no patients with massive effusions that in previous years characterized myxedema, which has almost vanished, at least in advanced countries. As defined echocardiographically, their series had 18 small and 6 moderate-sized effusions. Using current echocardiographic standards and multivariable analysis (possibly related to the relatively small series), the presence of an effusion could surprisingly not be significantly related to low voltage. However, decreased free T 4 and increased pulmonary artery systolic pressure were related as was decreased serum albumin. The authors concluded that pericardial effusion in more severe thyroid hormone deReceived: April 21, 2010 Accepted after revision: April 30, 2010 Published online: August 7, 2010


ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This research was supported by a United States Agency for International Development (USAID) Cooperative Agreement (TREAT TB – Agreement No. GHN-A-00-800004-00). The contents are the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the USAID. The assistance of staff and managers from the Mpumalanga Department of Health is acknowledged. Conflicts of interest: none declared.


Soil moisture is a critical parameter in numerical weather prediction (NWP) models because it plays a fundamental role in the exchange of water and energy cycles between the atmosphere and the land surface through evaporation. To improve the forecast skills of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model in Xinjiang, China, this study investigated the impacts of soil moisture initialization on the WRF forecasts by performing a series of simulations. A group of simulations was conducted using the single-column model (SCM) from 1200 UTC on 15 to 18 August 2019, at Urumchi, Xinjiang (43.78° N, 87.6° E); another was performed using the WRF model for a real weather case in Xinjiang from 0000 UTC 15 August to 1200 UTC 18 August 2019, which included an episode of heavy precipitation and gales. Our most notable findings are as follows. Specific humidity increases and potential temperature decreases persistently when soil moisture increases because of soil water evaporation. Soil moisture initialization could impact the energy budget and modulate the partition of the total available energy at the land surface significantly through evaporation and the greenhouse effect. Replacing the soil moisture with a proper multiple of the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Global Forecast System (GFS) soil moisture data could significantly improve the critical success index (CSI) and frequency bias (FBIAS) of precipitation and the root-mean-squared errors (RMSEs) of 2-m specific humidity and 2-m temperature. These findings indicate the prospect of a new way to improve the forecast skills of WRF in Xinjiang or other similar regions.


We hypothesized that suppression of endogenous testosterone blunts mRNA expression post strength training (ST). Twenty‐two young men were randomized for treatment with the GnRH analogue goserelin (3.6 mg every 4 weeks) or placebo for a period of 12 weeks. The ST period of 8 weeks started at week 4. Strength test, blood sampling, muscle biopsies, and whole‐body dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan were performed at weeks 4 and 12. Muscle biopsies were taken during the final ST session (pre, post 4 h, and post 24 h). Resting serum testosterone decreased significantly (P < 0.01) in the goserelin group from 22.6 ± 1.6 (mean ±s.e.m.) to 2.0 ± 0.1 nmol l−1 (week 4), whereas it remained unchanged in the placebo group. An acute increase of serum testosterone was observed during the final ST session in the placebo group (P < 0.05), whereas a decreased response was observed in the goserelin group (P < 0.05). mRNA expression of IGF‐IE(bc) and myogenin increased, while expression of myostatin decreased (P < 0.01); however, no differences were observed between the groups. Muscle strength and muscle mass showed a tendency to increase more in the placebo group than in the goserelin group (P= 0.05). In conclusion, despite blocked acute responses of testosterone and 10‐ to 20‐fold lower resting levels in the goserelin group, ST resulted in a similar mRNA expression of myoD, myogenin, IGF‐IE(abc), myostatin and androgen receptor as observed in the placebo group. Therefore, in the present study, the molecular events were the same, despite divergent muscle hypertrophy and strength gains.


Objectives:To construct integrin β1 whole gene expression vector,and to explore the effects of inhibition of integrin β1 protein expression on the biological behavior of lung cancer cells.Methods:Genomic sequences of integrin β1(IGTB1) gene was retrieved from Genbank,and the cDNA was synthesized and inserted into plasmids pCDNA3.1.Recombinant plasmids were then transformed into competent E.coli.The positive clones were selected and recombinant plasmids were extracted.The integrin β1 whole gene expression vectors and vacant vectors were transfected into PC-9 by lipofectemine2000.The stably transfected cell clones were obtained after being screened with G418.Fluorescence microscope,Real-time RT-PCR and Western blot were performed to examine the inhibitory effect at the RNA level and protein level.Then we detected the influences of integrin β1 on cell migration and adhesion capacity by cell scratch test and adhesion test.Results:The stably transfected pCDNA3.1-IGTB1 cell clones was significantly up-regulated as validated by Real-time RT-PCR and Western blot.Scratch test and adhesion test showed that the migration and adhesion capacity of integrin β1-inhibited cell line significantly reduced.Conclusion:We successfully transfected and screeened out the integrin β1 over-expressed cell lines,and the cell lines can significantly increased the migration and adhesion capability of cancer cells.


The number of people infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus causing COVID-19 is steadily growing around the world. Given the fact that the disease is new, it is necessary to study the characteristics of its spreading and clinical course, including pediatric population. The article  presents clinical case of COVID-19 in 15-year-old child with the development of thrombosed basilar artery aneurysm that compressed the brain stem in the pons and subarachnoid hemorrhage, the development of a fusiform aneurysm of the right internal carotid artery. These pathologies were later complicated by right-sided hemiparesis. The importance of inter-clinical interaction of physicians of all specialties and the need for early rehabilitation at the outpatient stage of treatment in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic were shown.


Can investors with irrational beliefs be neglected as long as they are rational on average ? Do their trades cancel out with no consequences on prices, as implicitly assumed by traditional models? We consider a model with irrational investors, who are rational on average. We obtain waves of pessimism and optimism that lead to countercyclical market prices of risk and procyclical risk-free rates. The variance of the state price density is greatly increased. The long run risk-return relation is modified; in particular, the long run market price of risk might be higher than both the instantaneous and the rational ones.


This chapter highlights Bugs & Beats & Beasts (1999) by Andreas Ammer and Console to explore the development of the special German radio art Hörspiel through soundplay and even beyond towards the concept of 'extended radio'. lt argues that the unique openness of the Hörspiel as a special kind of radio art makes it possible to respond almost instantaneously to cultural and technological transformations and contributes to the evolution of the medium of radio in doing so. Consequently this soundplay was able to dramatically articulate the rise of the network society, its swarm logic, and the evolution of the medium at a time long before these significant changes were understood by a wider public. lt did so by using 'noises' in different meanings and pushed the resilience of the medium of radio forward on three levels, aesthetic, technological and spatial.


It is mainly come under application oriented to biometrics based phenomena. It is the system implemented for the recognition of iris in order to maintain protocols based on privacy control in the risk oriented areas respectively. Some of them includes Defence, Military, Avionics and patrol border respectively. It is mainly implemented by the business sectors for  robustness in the sensible risk oriented sectors of banking followed by finance respectively. In further on behalf of implementation of such scenario there may be cost oriented phenomena which is a risk oriented thing and finally there is a reduction in the net profits of the business respectively. By the implementation of the applications related to biometrics, security is a major concern in order to develop the business as per user satisfaction. Apart from the user is also beneficiary for the banking sector related issues. Here the system is designed in such a fashion where the detection of the object in the form of a person is by the accurate feature extraction oriented algorithm. There is a large amount of advancement I the system takes place in terms of the privacy based phenomena. This particular method is implemented for the requirement of the accurate detection based scenario. In other way of meaning is iris is the eye region so here the system is supposed to work as the eyes do. Therefore the experimental analysis states that this particular technique is effective in terms of the accurate performance analysis.


The utility model relates to an open hole packer with a single rubber tube, belonging to the technical field of packer tools for borehole operation of an oil and gas well. The open hole packer consists of an upper joint, a lower joint, a central tube, a rubber tube, an upper piston and a lower piston. The upper joint and the lower joint are arranged at two ends of the central pipe, the upper piston is arranged on the central pipe, the lower piston connected with the lower joint is arranged at one side of the upper piston, a locking ring sleeve and the rubber tube are arranged at the other side of the upper piston, an outer back band, an inner back band and a slip ring are respectively arranged among the rubber tube, the upper joint and the locking ring sleeve. The rubber tube is extruded to be deformed and expanded to carry out setting through the movement of the upper piston and the lower piston under the pressure action of the packer, the setting force is kept after the locking ring is matched with the ratchet of the central tube, and the rubber tube is always in a setting state after the pressure disappears. The problems that the structure of the existing packer is complex, the construction period is long, and the stratum can not be effectively isolated in the complex stratic open hole are solved. In addition, the working efficiency is high, the construction risk is low, and the open hole packer is particularly suitable for multi-layer fracturing reformation of a shale gas horizontal well.


Background: The use of cloud computing services raises policy and regulatory challenges globally, more specifically on data security and privacy, amongst other issues. There is a concern on whether South African information and communications technology (ICT) policies and regulatory frameworks are sufficient to address emerging cloud computing regulatory challenges. Therefore, this necessitates a review to determine the extent to which existing regulatory frameworks are applicable to cloud computing and the challenges thereof. Objectives: The study determines the impact of cloud computing on existing South African ICT policies and regulatory frameworks and ascertains whether they are sufficient to address challenges regarding the use of cloud computing services. Method: The study followed an interpretivism philosophical stance. A multi-method qualitative research approach was employed and a thematic analysis was applied in which the data was collected through interviews, questionnaires and document analysis. Results: The existing policies and regulatory frameworks as applicable to computing are playing 'catch-up' where technology has a footprint. Moreover, some existing policies use a blanket approach and are not specific to the subject matter. As a result, there is a need for policies that are future-proof and specific to the subject matter. Conclusion: The emergence of cloud computing has exposed the existing ICT policies and regulatory laws as being inadequate to address cloud computing developments, complexities and challenges, especially challenges related to public confidence regarding the use of cloud computing services and cloud competitiveness.


The article tackles nationally specific vocabulary and its place in the linguistic worldview. Our research is aimed at a linguistic and cultural analysis of words, whose semantics shows peculiarities of different ethnicities' worldview. The study material is based on data from different dictionaries and our personal observations. As part of the study, we consider three word groups. The first group includes particular words designating specific concepts, the second group – non-specific concepts, the third group – abstract nouns. Contrastive linguistics is focused on cultural and linguistic peculiarities of the language, as their understanding is essential for intercultural communication. By identifying common and different linguistic features, which is the foundation of the contrastive analysis, graduate students gain insight not only into the Russian language, but also into peculiarities of their mother tongue. Besides, by pinpointing language similarities they understand the affinity of different cultures. Using this approach, we enhance students' theoretical knowledge and practical skills of the Russian language. The experience, gained in the analysis of specific and abstract words, is also invaluable in translation practices, wherein an incorrect search for an equivalent in another language can bring in pseudo-correlates.


2.2. The CMA analyse the market for Investment Consulting (IC), vertically integrated investment consulting and fiduciary management (IC-FM) and Employment Benefit Consulting-master trust (EBC-MT) firms in the DC market. The general tenor of the CMA's conclusions is that there is an issue with governance with respect to the purchase of IC and IC-FM services in trust-based DC, particularly amongst smaller schemes. With respect to EBC-MT services, the CMA state that "given the limited penetration that [vertically integrated EBC-master trust (MT) firms currently have in the master trust and wider DC sectors, we consider it unlikely that any potential steering by these firms towards their own master trusts has had a material impact on competition to date."


Extract: Most investigators studying changes in body composition during growth agree to the desirability of having longitudinal data. A group of 110 boys and 126 girls, studied annually for 4-5 years with 880 measurements of total body K in a 2π liquid scintillation whole body counter, had total body K vs. height and total body K vs. weight data that fit previously described regression lines.Speculation: Given an adequate diet and environment, children increase their total body K in a predictable amount in reference to skeletal growth.


AbstractIn the construction industry, it is crucial for owners to select the appropriate contract delivery method to achieve best performance on their projects. The low-bid method has been the most...


Abstract The stability of surrounding rock for large or super-large section chambers is extremely hard to control in deep coal mines, as well as in close-distance chambers. Based on the on-site geo...


Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have achieved tremendous success for cognitive applications, and are specially efficient in classification and decision making problems such as speech recognition or machine translation. Mobile and embedded devices increasingly rely on DNNs to understand the world. Smartphones, smartwatches and cars perform discriminative tasks, such as face or object recognition, on a daily basis. Despite the increasing popularity of DNNs, running them on mobile and embedded systems comes with several main challenges: delivering high accuracy and performance with a small memory and energy budget. Modern DNN models consist of billions of parameters requiring huge computational and memory resources and, hence, they cannot be directly deployed on low-power systems with limited resources. The objective of this thesis is to address these issues and propose novel solutions in order to design highly efficient custom accelerators for DNN-based cognitive computing systems. As a first step, we characterize popular DNNs for different applications on General-PurposeArchitectures (GPAs) such as CPU and GPGPU. DNNs are composed of multiple layers of neurons whose core operation is the dot product between the inputs of each neuron and its weights. The weights of a DNN model are learned during the training procedure and used at inference. We observe that the main performance and energy bottleneck of GPA systems is the memory hierarchy due to the huge number of inputs, weights, and partial products, resulting in numerous data movements. Thus, we develop a baseline architecture for accelerating DNN inference based on a state-of-the-art DNN accelerator. After identifying the memory subsystem as the main bottleneck, we introduce an on-chip eDRAM memory to store the weights, and an SRAM buffer to store inputs and temporal partial results. The on-chip memories favor the reuse of data among different executions of the DNN, reducing the accesses to main memory, and improving the performance and energy efficiency of the accelerator. Efficient support for DNNs on CPUs, GPUs and accelerators has become a prolific area of research, resulting in a plethora of techniques for energy-efficient DNN inference. However, previous proposals focus on a single execution of a DNN. Popular sequence processing applications, such as speech recognition or video classification, require many back-to-back executions of the same DNN to process a sequence of inputs (e.g., audio frames, images). In the first contribution of this thesis, we show that consecutive inputs exhibit a high degree of similarity, causing the inputs/outputs of the different layers to be extremely similar for successive frames of speech or images of a video. Based on the high degree of input similarity observed, we propose DISC, a hardware accelerator implementing a Differential Input Similarity Computation technique to reuse some results of the previous execution, instead of computing the entire DNN. Computations related to inputs with negligible changes can be avoided with minor impact on accuracy, saving a large percentage of computations and memory accesses. Our results show that, on average, more than 60% of the inputs of any neural network layer tested exhibit negligible changes with respect to the previous execution. Avoiding the memory accesses and computations for these inputs results in 63% energy savings on average. On the other hand, DNN quantization is a common optimization that reduces the precision of the inputs and weights, saving storage and simplifying the computations. Prior works exploit


The LED lighting apparatus is disclosed. LED lighting apparatus is installed on the interior of the building as the LED lighting apparatus can be controlled through a central control server in the central control room of the building, the LED lighting apparatus includes a housing; Main board installed in the housing; A power supply for supplying power to the motherboard; A plurality of LED modules comprising a plurality of LED driving portion and connected to said motherboard, installed on a circuit board, the circuit board; One trillion people of the control is provided on the main board, an on (ON) / off each of the LED modules controls the driving of the plurality of LED modules (OFF); It is installed on the main board, a communication unit connected to the controller and delivering the control signal transmitted by communicating with the communication module of the central control server from the central control server to the illumination control section; And the LED if it is included the opening portion and closing the cover of the housing, and the illumination control unit a command signal input for turning on (ON) and off (OFF) of each of the LED modules from the central control server via the communication unit characterized in that by controlling the driving of the module, which is set to one (oN) and off (oFF) of each of the LED modules.


During microelectrode penetrations of the solitary tract nucleus and adjacent reticular formation, single neurones were located that discharged in a rhythm that was linked with respiration but that persisted after muscle paralysis. Many of these neurones could be activated from the vagus or upper respiratory tract areas. Some had no demonstrated excitatory input, yet their rhythmic activity could be abolished only by stimulation of nerves innervating the upper respiratory tract. This stimulation also abolished respiration. Such findings emphasize the significance of upper respiratory tract feedback in normal respiratory function and possibly in abnormal conditions such as the 'sudden infant death syndrome.'


long bleeding and clotting time who died from hemorrhage follow-ing tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy. There is no history of any cardiac symp-toms during life, the heart lesion being discovered in the course of a routine autopsy.


The use of personal mobility vehicles (PMVs) has increased, given the consumption characteristics of the population as well as the impact on the environment that other means of transport generate. In this work, the attitudinal factors associated with the use of PMVs are identified, making use of the theory of planned behaviour and a modified technological acceptance model. For the collection of information, a sample of 457 individuals was used. For the analysis of this information, a structural equation model was generated through SmartPLS 4. The results reveal that of the attitudinal factors associated with the use of these vehicles, green attitudes, perceived green value and loyalty stand out, with the latter being one of the latent predictive variables of the model, which is why feelings of enjoyment, usefulness generated and a perception of caring for the environment by PMV users have a greater influence on their loyalty to this type of green technology.


The adoption of e-business at the microeconomic level of retail, wholesale, and labor market transactions has an enormous impact on the performance of firms and the economic welfare of consumers and workers. This article reviews, in broad outlines, the economics of e-business, focusing on empirical research. The fundamental notion that e-business and adoption of ICT lowers the cost of transferring, storing, and processing information is used to organize the examination. E-business spheres of impact covered include B2C and B2B e-commerce, the labor market, and the productivity of firms. This article covers both the predicted impacts of e-business on the economy suggested by economic theory and evidence on their empirical magnitude, building a framework to under-stand why e-business has proliferated and what the economic benefits are. The article concludes with some of the new policy challenges accompanying the rewards from e-business in the economy, touching on issues of price discrimination, competition, and some disadvantages of new markets.


This paper takes turbocharger assembly line of TMG Machinery Factory as the study object, uses MODAPTS of industrial engineering to establish and analyze bottleneck position(assembly process of core parts). And it uses the principle of motion economy to optimize operation process and improve the working efficiency.


Said first, second and third blank material table 18 to be fixed and the first blank materials (B1) and the second blank, the first positioning station for fixing the material (B2) on the table (2 ), and the abutting surface with the first blank materials (B1) and with a first welding station (4) are welded to each other at the engaging surface of the second blank workpiece (B2), material of the first and the second blank, set cutting station (6) for cutting in a shape and a third blank workpiece (B3) of the second positioning station (8) for fixing to said table (18), the first blank workpiece or the second blank workpiece, or the first blank material and a second welding station 10 for welding to each other at the engaging surface material and the second material blank and the third was a blank provided.


The response of illite to increasing stratigraphic depth was investigated in the Precambrian Belt series in western Montana and northern ldaho. The Belt series thickens from east to west and reaches a thickness of 38,000 feet, so that rocks Iow in the section have been under high pressure and probably relatively high temperature. The illite of the geosynclinal Belt argillites has little or no mixed layering and contains significant iron and/or magnesium. No 2M polymorph was detected in a 4500 foot section from the Little Belt Mts., Montana, which represents the shallow eastern part of the series. fn contrast to this the very thick (38,000 feet) Pend Orielle Lake, fdaho, section contains measurable 2M polymorphic material in all samples. In this latter section there is an increase in amount of 2M with depth until essentially all the dioctahedral mica is of the 2M polymorph.


Parents who have down syndrome children find it challenging to accept the presence in their early stages of life, even though parental acceptance becomes the primary factor of the successful parenting of children with cerebral palsy. This study aims to describe the acceptance of parents who have children with cerebral palsy. This study uses a qualitative approach using the phenomenological method for revealing the phenomenon of parents' compliance with cerebral palsy children. The data collection technique uses structured interviews involving 5 participants. The results of this study indicated that parents are trying to accept the child's condition by being grateful, surrendering, socializing, and sharing information with fellow parents of children with cerebral palsy. Support from the closest relatives and friends is an essential factor that makes the process of acceptance easier for parents to undertake.


The interval for mental, physical and spiritual rejuvenation has officially ended as summer turns into fall. As usual, my colleagues and I begin another academic year with an energy and enthusiasm that should only follow a prolonged period of respite. Yet, this year is different. My focus is more precise than ever and my drive is turbo-charged. In my view, much remains to be accomplished as it seems we have only witnessed the nascence and early development of the science of interventional spine and pain management. This perspective is in part energizing, but my experiences these past three months are the real fuel. I shall share some thoughts about those experiences that I believe will infuse each of you with some of that energy.


The authors construct the replica mean-field theory of a set of m-dimensional uniaxial quadrupoles interacting via quenched random exchange with non-zero mean. Replica-symmetric theory yields a transition which is continuous for m mc. For m>2 replica-symmetry breaking effects are much stronger than for conventional systems. Using the replica-symmetry breaking scheme of Parisi (1979), a solution is obtained but it appears to be unphysical for m>1/2(1+ square root 33) approximately=3.4. At sufficiently low temperatures, and for m>2, mean-field theory predicts that 'ferromagnetic' order is inevitable in the presence of disorder, regardless of the mean exchange.


The prospects for beneficial application of integrated circuit (IC) capabilities in ambient environments above 450 °C have been significantly improved by recent long-term demonstrations of SiC chips and packaging by NASA Glenn Research Center. This invited paper reviews and updates development of durable SiC IC technology aspects relevant to engineering infusion into beneficial applications, including the first long-duration low-mass Venus lander missions


This research work proposes a novel method to prevent collision in the micro aerial vehicles by calculating the distance of the obstacle prior to the collision. For distance measurement we have used the LiDAR sensor which uses the time of flight principle and, identified its operating ranges that works perfectly for the micro aerial vehicles and analyzed the errors in various operating ranges. Determining accuracy using the Root Mean Square Error and Absolute Mean Error as two parameters for three types of data classified as All calculated data, very close values and deviating range of the Result plotting graphs and calculating errors for the same. This proposed research helps in understanding the LiDAR Sensor in better way for the exploration of the range of operation of the LiDAR sensor and its applications in collision avoidance. Though the algorithm that we have done is in the Arduino UNO the same can be implemented in Pixhawk module and the control signal can be used to change the direction of the micro aerial vehicle where ever necessary.


In simple terms, the principle of trading is to work for yourself. While the basic principle of doing business is to involve many parties in trading to achieve a bigger goal. Theoretically, being an entrepreneur is very difficult, but that doesn't mean it's impossible. Due to the fact, many business actors appear throughout the year. Therefore, it takes effort to learn to be an entrepreneur or businessman. For this reason, this service activity was carried out. The purpose of community service activities is to share knowledge, so that people can increase their capacity as entrepreneurs by optimizing their talents. The method of this activity is the presentation of material packaged in the form of learning. The end of this activity is to motivate the participants to dare to do business, starting with the most possible and minimal risk, for example becoming an agent, reseller, dropshipper, and so on. In addition, the participants were also given training on using the Market place, a place to sell digitally without capital. At the same time, teach how to become an agent or reseller at big stores. So that the participants get direct experience of entrepreneurship.


Regenerative thermal oxidizers are used for cleaning the exhaust gas of different industrial furnaces. They are more and more demanded as the environmental regulations become more strict. On the other hand, there is a steady effort to develop systems with lower investment and especially operational costs. The new Pebble-Heater technology with annular beds and radial fluid flows has been used as a basis for developing a system of a regenerative thermal oxidizer which can meet the market requirements. Theoretical studies and numerical simulations have shown that an extremely effective heat transfer at Peclet numbers around Pe=30 in granular beds of natural materials/minerals (like quartz-gravels, volcanic stones or fire-clay) is possible. Temperature gradients of more than 20 K/cm have been realized, so that the required bed thickness may be as low as 35 cm. That also results in a lower pressure drop. Those studies have shown that under optimized conditions the natural materials/minerals are much more effective than artificial forms (ceramic rings, saddles, honeycombs…) developed especially for heat regenerators. The price ratio between the two is more than 1:100. The realized facilities have justified the expectations. A heat recovery degree of more than 98%(!) has been achieved, with a total pressure drop of about 18 mbar. The next best system on the market has at least a 100% higher energy (gas/oil) consumption and a 50% higher fan power consumption. Some other characteristics of the new system have also shown important improvements for the process. The bigger volume of the hot chamber (reaction zone at 800°C) results in a longer residence time (1,5 - 1,7 seconds), so that the destruction of different pollutants (aldehyds, benzols, phenols...) and carbon-monoxide is more effective. The measured emission values are far beyond the limits set by the regulation authorities. The realized facilities have capacities in the range of 15.000 - 45.000 m 3 STP /h. The next , development stages are a scale-down (1.000 - 5.000 m 3 STP /h) and a scale-up (over 100.000 m 3 STP /h) of the existing technology. It is intended to substitute some very expensive catalytic facilities with the new system. With the extremely high heat recovery degree, the reaction zones at 800°C - 1000°C do not cause high operational costs any more. Lowering the reaction temperature (the main advantage of the catalytic facilities) is no longer a decisive parameter for the facility design.


The aim of the study has been to evaluate the extent of loss of various nitrogen forms leached from soil fertilized with sewage sludge, farmyard manure and NPK. Sewage sludge and FYM were applied as a single dose of 10 Mg ha or two doses, each of 5 Mg ha. It has been demonstrated that all the objects fertilized with sewage sludge of sewage based composts experienced more severe leaching of total nitrogen and nitrogen forms compared with the control. More total nitrogen was leached from soil to which sewage sludge was introduced as a dose divided into two applications (2 × 5 Mg ha) than from soil which received a single rate of this fertilizer (10 Mg ha). Nitrate(V) nitrogen dominated among the mineral forms of nitrogen in soil filtrate. Higher loss of this nitrogen form occurred in treatments receiving compost made from sewage sludge with straw (10 Mg ha) or dried and granulated sewage sludge than when composted sewage sludge or traditional fertilization were applied. Water was more polluted with N-NH4 + when sewage sludge compost was used, but when it was made with straw, N-NO2 – was the predominant water pollutant.


Death in the critical care area of hospitals is often preceded by withdrawal of life-sustaining technology, creating immeasurable stress and grief for patients and the families of the person dying. This study was designed to evaluate a critical care nurse liaison program to determine its effectiveness and provide direction for program improvement and possible replication. A retrospective outcome analysis of data from telephone interviews with 22 significant others of those served by the critical care nurse liaison found that a majority of family members felt supported. The services of the critical care nurse liaison were helpful in improving communication as well as cultural and religious sensitivity and paid sufficient attention to the distress of family members. There was significant difference between satisfaction scores of family members of male and female patients. As a palliative care practitioner, the critical care nurse liaison was valued for her focus on the unique problems of dying in critical care.


It has been postulated that low energy (soft) lasers can enhance wound healing. Considering the importance of cell locomotion in the wound healing process, we have studied the effects of a helium/neon laser upon the locomotory behaviour of a population of fibroblasts migrating within a three‐dimensional hydrated collagen lattice. Statistical methods were used to quantify cell three‐dimensional trajectories obtained using a computer‐assisted tracking system. A two‐minute exposure of embryonic fibroblasts to soft laser light decreased the speed and increased the frequency and duration of stops compared to controls. The locomotory phenotype induced in embryonic fibroblasts by the laser light resembled that of the developmentally older c20 fibroblasts, which are known to express a more mature locomotory phenotype. The relevance of these results to wound healing is discussed. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Introduction Single keyword matching means locating all occurrences of a given pattern in the input text string. It occurs naturally as part of data processing, text editing, text retrieval, and so on. Many text editors and programming languages have facilities for matching strings. The simplest technique is called the brute-force (BF), or naive, algorithm. This approach scans the text from left to right and checks the characters of the pattern character by character against the substring of the text string beneath it. Let m and n be the lengths of the pattern and the text, respectively. In the BF approach, the longest (worst-case) time required for determining that the pattern does not occur in the text is O(mn). Three major pattern matching algorithms for the improvement of efficiency over the BF technique exist. One of them is the KMP algorithm, developed by Knuth, Morris, and Pratt. The KMP algorithm scans the text from left to right, using knowledge of the previous characters compared to determine the next position of the pattern to use. The algorithm first reads the pattern and in O(m) time constructs a table, called the next function, that determines the number of characters to slide the pattern to the right in case of a mismatch during the pattern matching process. The expected theoretical behavior of the KMP algorithm is O(w+m), and the next function takes O(m) space. The next algorithm, the BM algorithm, was proposed by Boyer and Moore. The BM approach is the fastest pattern matching algorithm for a single keyword in both theory and practice. The BM algorithm compares characters in the pattern from right to left. If a mismatch occurs, the algorithm computes a shift, that is, the amount by which the pattern is moved to the right before a new matching is attempted. It also preprocesses the pattern in order to produce the shift tables. The expected theoretical behavior of the BM algorithm is equal to that of the KMP algorithm, but many experimental results show that the BM algorithm is faster than the KMP algorithm. The last approach is the KR algorithm, presented by Karp and Rabin. The KR algorithm uses extra memory to advantage by treating each possible m-character section (where m is the pattern length) of the text string as a keyword in a standard hash table, computing the hash function of it, and checking whether it equals the hash …


Inflammatory stenosis of the main bile duct is rare and not well characterized. We report a 47-yearold male, in whom obstructive jaundice was caused by inflammatory stenosis of the main bile duct. The patient was admitted due to jaundice and an abdominal ultrasound revealed intrahepatic bile duct dilatation, distended gallbladder and a mass around the main bile duct. MRI revealed the mass in the site. We diagnosed this condition as main bile duct occlusion of unknown origin and considering this as emergency situation, we performed laparotomy. Segmental resection of the main bile duct and jejunal hepatic shunt on Y-branch were performed. Although image analyses suggested a mass lesion, histology confirmed nonspecific cholangitis.


Objective To understand the status of the prevalence of hypertension and hyperglycemia of faculty members at a university so as to provide the reference for prevention and health care.Methods All the faculty members at a university in Guilin City received the examinations of blood pressure and blood sugar in 2005 and 2010,and the results were analyzed statistically.Results The detection rates of hypertension and hyperglycemia increased with the age rising of the faculty members;the detection rates of hypertension and hyperglycemia were both higher in 2010 than those in 2005(both P values0.05).Conclusions The hypertension and hyperglycemia rates of the faculty members have increasing trends.Therefore we should adopt scientific and effective interventions to reduce them in order to prevent cardiovascular events effectively.


The measured rotational intensity distribution of N2+ First Negative bands excited by 1 MeV protons indicates that the rotation of the molecules is not greatly affected by the collisions. Measured rotational temperatures compare favourably with laboratory temperatures. Similar observations on N2+ bands excited by 1 to 3 keV Li+ ions show that these collisions appear to cause a marked departure from Boltzmann distribution of rotational energies. Energy levels of high and of low quantum numbers are enhanced in population.


To describe the clinicopathological features associated with increased risk of renal fossa recurrence (RFR) after radical nephrectomy (RN) and to describe the prognostic features associated with cancer‐specific survival (CSS) among patients with RFR treated with primary locally directed therapy, systemically directed therapy or expectant management.


Long parturition is one of the causes of maternal and fetal death. By consuming dates before delivery, besides being filling, it is also useful for making the uterine contractions more regular. The purpose of the study was to compare the processing of oven date Cookies and steamed date Cookies to the acceleration of the second stage of labor at BPM Az Jambi City in 2021. This research is a pre-experimental study with two posttest groups. This research was carried out at BPM Azimah Jambi City in July 2021. The population in this study were all mothers who gave birth at BPM Azimah in july-august 2021. The sample of this study used purposive sampling technique. Data collection was carried out by processing and giving oven date Cookies and steamed date Cookies to the second stage of labor and assessing the acceleration of labor. The analysis used is univariate and bivariate. The results showed that the average acceleration of labor in the second stage given oven Cookies was 26.8 minutes, while the average description for the second stage of labor given steamed Cookies was 30.6 minutes. There is no difference in the average acceleration of labor in the second stage of processing oven and steamed date Cookies at BPM A Jambi City in 2021 with a p value of 0.559. It can be concluded that giving oven date Cookies and steamed date Cookies has no difference on the progress of labor. The results of this study can be used as a reference for midwives in providing delivery care in order to meet nutritional intake and hydration during childbirth in helping the progress of labor.  Bibliography : 30 (2010-2019) Keywords : Oven Date Cookies, Steamed Date Cookies, Labor Acceleration


To the editor, A 35-year-old man was seen during a control visit for ankylosing spondylitis (AS). After a 7-8 year history of low back and hip pain, he had been diagnosed with AS 3 years ago and he has been under infliximab treatment for the last 2 years. The medical history was otherwise noncontributory. His current physical examination revealed mild limitations in bilateral hip joints and cervical/lumbar motions. Complete blood count, liver function tests and acute phase reactants were all normal. However, he had increased creatinine (1.42 mg/dL, N: 0.7-1.2) and blood urea nitrogen (22.93 mg/dL, N: 6-20) levels and proteinuria (100 mg/dL). Upon consultation to the nephrology department, he was diagnosed to have immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy (with 40-50% of tubuler atrophy and interstitial fibrosis in renal biopsy). He was switched onto adalimumab and followed in accordance with recommendations of his nephrologist (antihypertensive treatment and diet). Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) can present with a wide variety of extra-articular manifestations one of which is renal involvement. The clinical scenario may comprise amyloid nephropathy, IgA disease, hematuria, microalbuminuria and decreased renal functions. Al though the coexistence of AS and IgA nephropathy has been reported a few times in the previous literature, the exact underlying mechanism is yetunclear. Further, because they have common etiopathogenetic features, 'whether they occur as two distinct disorders' becomes disputed when they coexist 4, . Increased IgA levels are mainly due to overproduction and/or IgA catabolism defect. IgA deposits and immune complexes (mainly composed of IgA1) which occur as a result of the glycosylation defect, activate mesengial cell and extra-cellular proliferation, and induce pro-inflammatoLevent Ozcakar1, Timur Ekiz2, Suha Yalcin2, Aysen Akinci3


This study was carried out in the soil environment of halophyte habitat in Suncheon Bay, from April to June 2010. Halophyte habitat of the Suncheon Bay were classified into 10 sites: Phragmites communis community(5 sites), Carex scabrifolia community(1 sites), Bare ground(1 sites) and Suaeda japonica community(3 sites) which were distributed zonations thoughout the halophyte habitat. The soil environment(pH: 6.24-6.95, salinity: 2.9-1.7 ppt, moisture content : 50.50-28.38 % and organic matter content :9.74-7.46 %) of Suncheon Bay was typical characteristics of the estuary marsh. The soil`s particle size distribution in those sites showed soil particle size(1,000 ㎛) in June, which is higher number than that of April due to the change of season. The results of this investigation on environmental characteristics of the substratum in the halophyte habitat show that according to the properties contained in the soil of Suncheon Bay there are significant differences in halophyte community. Further, we suppose that more precise information on the halophyte habitat of Suncheon Bay is of primary importance in gathering knowledge on the formation of soil environment.


Manuscript History: The present work describes , graft copolymerization of crotonic acid (CA) and acrylamide (AAm) mixtures onto chitosan (CS) using ceric ammonium nitrate Ce (IV) as initiator in presence of methylene bisacrylamide (MBA) as a crosslinker .The prepared hydrogels were hydrolyzed by alkaline hydrolysis.The structure of the prepared hydrogels were investigated by FTIR before and after hydrolysis. The swelling behaviors of the prepared hydrogel were measured. The results showed that the sample containing high ratio of (CA), showed high swelling before hydrolysis. The ability of the prepared copolymer hydrogels for adsorption metal ions such as Cr (III) and Co (II) was performed. The influence pH on the swelling behavior during metal ions uptake has been observed.


Domestic violence is one of the major health crises which women confront in Turkey. This qualitative study was conducted in the context of coping strategies theory with 15 abused women who live in a shelter. In this study, data collection was performed using in-depth and audio taped interviews. Data were analyzed using thematic content analysis. The women provided meaningful insights into how they dealt with the abusive relationships and which coping strategies they used. The most commonly used coping strategies among women were: problem-focused behavioral coping strategies such as confronting the problem, avoidance and family support and emotion-focused coping strategies such as enduring, fatalism and religious approach. However, their coping efforts were all inefficient. In this study, it is recommended to foster the usage of appropriate services and to help women overcome the barriers for accessing these services.


@cathieleblanc @jgmac1106 I notice you've already got your own website, so you've already got a major head start. If any of us can be of


Language development is the foundation for competence in social, emotional, behavioral, and academic performance. Although language impairment (LI) is known to co-occur with behavioral and mental h...


This paper presents a T/R switch with 45 dBm peak power handling capability aimed at 5G massive MIMO RF front end applications. The switch achieves high power handling by using multi-gate FETs in a stacked fashion and by compensating parasitic capacitances that cause imbalanced voltage distribution across the stack. The switch operates from 2–6 GHz and achieves 45 dBm peak power handling, 0.75 dB IL, 30 dB of isolation at 3.5 GHz.


Professor Ting's paper ~@ 1 #! clearly clarifies several simple but important concepts on conformal mapping techniques applied to anisotropic plane elasticity. Here, I would like to add my own comments on these interesting issues. it Contrary to what Professor Ru stated in his first sentence, the paper did not discuss ''conformal mapping'' techniques applied to anisotropic plane elasticity. The paper discussed ''mapping'' in anisotropic elasticity. As emphasized in Section 4 of the paper, mapping in anisotropic elasticity is not conformal. Many papers that dealt with mapping in anisotropic elasticity used the word conformal mapping indiscriminately. I have presented clearly what I wanted to say in the paper. I have no further comments.


Purpose: To report the clinical course and the surgical outcomes of a patient of congenital hereditary aniridia. Results: A 27-year-old male with a history of bilateral congenital aniridia and cataract had undergone cataract extraction on his right eye at the age of 4. He suffered from blurred vision and photophobia of both eyes since childhood. On examination, the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 6/20 and the intraocular pressure (IOP) was 26 mmHg in the right eye. Nystagmus was noted. Slit lamp biomicroscopy showed incomplete aniridia in both eyes, aphakia with fibrotic capsular bag, focal peripheral anterior synechiae and prolapsed vitreous in the right eye. Fundus examination revealed bilateral foveal hypoplasia. We perfomed sutured-intraocular lens (IOL) implantation, trabeculectomy, and anterior vitrectomy on his right eye. The BCVA preserved at 6/20 with well-controlled IOP at one year's follow-up. Conclusion: Congenital aniridia is rare and causes a variety of ocular complications. There are various surgical managements at present. We chose sutured-IOL and trabeculectomy for this patient and got satisfactory outcomes.


The cooperation of local colleges and local economy society has gained rapid development and positive effectiveness in recent ten years.However,comparing with the developed country,the enormous disparities exist in the cooperation form,scale and quality,and there exist much difficulties and problems in the actual operation.Not only the problem of thinking but also the cooperative mechanism is not perfect.To accomplish the win-win development for both local colleges and its economy society,we should not only enhance our thinking but also construct the flat of interactive cooperation as well as construct and consummate the cooperative mechanism and policy environment to promote interaction between talents and knowledge,culture and environment,scientific research and its achievement.


Interviews in five out-migration zones of Venezuela reveal that young potential migrants perceive economic opportunities and quality of life eater than they actually are in the Andes and east coast and less than they are in the Llanos. The myth maps constructed on the basis of such misperceptions may be attributed to images purveyed in major Venezuelan newspapers. It is shown statistically that relative to objective urban characteristics perceptions of those characteristics provide significant additional explanation of urban in-migration rates. (excerpt)


Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an annual legume, which is also commonly known as peanut, earthnut, monkey nut and goobers. It has been placed by 13th most important food crop and the 4th most important oilseed crops of the world. Groundnut seeds (kernels) contain 40-50% fat, 20-50 % protein and 1020 % carbohydrate. Groundnut seeds are a nutritional source of vitamin E, niacin, falacin, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, zinc, iron, riboflavin, thiamine and potassium etc.[1]. Due to its wide industrial use, chromium is considered a serious environmental pollutant. Toxicity of Cr to plants depends on its valence state: Cr (VI) is highly toxic and mobile whereas Cr (III) is less toxic. Since plants lack a specific transport system for Cr, it is taken up by carriers of essential ions such as sulfate or iron. Toxic effects of Cr on growth of ground nut (Arachis hypogea L) and development include alterations in the germination process as well as in the growth of roots, stems and leaves, which may affect total dry matter production and yield[9]. The absorption capacity of the ground nut (Arachis hypogea L) depends on the pH of the chromium solution[2]. The absorption capacity increases with increase in rate of dilution and minimum at the control conditions.


Falsification is not meant to refute the theory, but only allows you to specify the probability of the truth of posed too. This action can be described as a set of hypotheses that have a researcher to help explain and describe the world around us.


"Daigeng Farmer" is a special group of agricultural floating population in Pearl River region,who has special contribution to the development of local economics and society.In the floating process,lead to series of social problems in rural areas,with flows between governments and farmers become increasingly prominent;land disputes,contract disputes,relocation disputes,home,schooling of children and other issues for the relationship has become a land of rural "Daigeng Farmer" into the social stability problem,and "Daigeng Farmer" has become the focus of rural governance and difficulties.To groups of "Daigeng Farmer" and rural social stability linking to analysis of "Daigeng Farmer" is derived from a series of social problems and risks,and management systems from the policy level to seek to solve problems.


The background and latest condition of developing GEHP at home and abroad,and the status and the utilization of oilfield waste heat resource,and latest condition of heat pump technology used in oilfield were described.Feasibility analysis of developing oilfield sewage source GEHP was analyzed.Thermo economic prediction of oilfield sewage source GEHP system was done.


The new water power based rod-less pumping system is a newly system. The deformation under the stress is a main failure of this system. It is very meaningful to take force analysis of this new system which can help to find the weak link of system. For this purpose,it took the power cylinder of pumping system as example. Based on the fluid dynamics theory and the fluid-structure interaction fundamentals,the current research about force analysis of power cylinder is carried out using the finite element method. During the process,the stress analysis under different values of pressure and velocity are continued. The results show that the maximum stress and the maximum hydraulic impact don't appear at same place,also the pressure and the velocity affect nonlinear maximum stresses. This research obtains the maximum stress curves,and the result is useful for the system failure diagnosis. It can also give the theoretical significance and the practical value to system's optimal design.


We describe a new species of Cnemidophorus from a Cerrado enclave in southwestern Amazonia, Rondônia state, Brazil. This species is apparently endemic to Cerrado enclaves in the vicinity of the city of Vilhena, a region under intensive anthropic pressure due to the expansion of soybean plantations. A discriminant analysis indicated that femoral pores and scales around the tail are the best discriminators among Brazilian species of Cnemidophorus. A naïve Bayesian network constructed with categorical (mostly coloration) variables indicated that the new species had high conditional probabilities of dorsolateral fields absent, vertebral field spotted, and paravertebral lines absent. The analyses revealed clear distinctions between species of Cnemidophorus that range north and south of the the Amazon River. The new species may have evolved as a result of vicariance, following the isolation of peripheral enclaves of Cerrado in southwestern Amazonia after the late Pleniglacial. The restricted range in small areas, under extreme human pressure around Vilhena, makes this species one of the most critically endangered elements of the Brazilian herpetofauna.


A method is presented to determine the vibration modes of a complex structural system by using component vibration modes. The structural system is considered to be an assemblage of subsystems or components. The vibration modes for each component are determined separately and then used to synthesize the system modes. The number of component modes used may be truncated to reduce the number of generalized coordinates required for a vibration analysis. Only component vibration modes are retained as generalized coordinates when the system modes are obtained; hence, the method is particularly suitable for structures with a large number of component interface coordinates, such as finiteelement shell models. The boundary conditions used for determining component vibration modes can be either free-free or constrained. An optional technique to modify the component modes is included in order to obtain more accurate system modes. Numerical results from two examples are included.


A unique cladding powder material to harden corrugating rollers surface was developed to tackle the severe dry friction abrasive wear.After laser cladding with optimized parameters,a crack-free coating with thickness over 0.4mm was obtained.This coating with average hardness of 915HV0.2 has strong metallurgic bond with the substrate.The technology has been applied to industrial production,which demonstrates comprehensive advantages on cost,lifetime,technique stability and rejuvenation capability compared with present hardening technologies like intermediate frequency quenching,nitrogen hardening,chromeplate,laser transformation hardening,and tungsten carbide spraying.


Throughout Europe, structures such as bridges and viaducts are approaching the end of their service life. Material degradation is a direct consequence of ageing and leads to reduced resistance to environmental impacts. In the meantime, some of these environmental impacts, or loads for short, have increased. Traffic loads and extreme weather conditions such as wind loads or wave loads are not as predicted in the 1960s or 1970s when a significant proportion of the existing infrastructure was designed. As a result, the safety of structures is a matter for concern and in several European countries they will eventually have to be renovated or replaced. However, replacement and renovation are costly, and cause inconvenience to users


Heating ethyl (cyclo-oct-4-enylidene)acetate (8) with boron trifluoride–ether complex in benzene gives a mixture of ethyl 1-phenylbicyclo[3.3.1]nonane-9-carboxylate (11) and the corresponding acid (12). Reduction of (11) with lithium aluminium hydride followed by dehydration yields 9-methylene-1-phenylbicyclo[3.3.1]nonane (14) whose structure was confirmed by an independent synthesis.


In one plant of a small-leaved form of Haworthia glauca a centric fusion type of reciprocal translocation was found between two long chromosomes with subterminal centromeres that interchanged to form a long metacentric and a short acrocentric chromosome; the latter is larger than the normal short chromosomes of the complement and consists of the short arms of the two original long chromosomes. In a typical plant of the same species a similar interchange was followed or accompanied by a second interchange between the short translocation chromosomes and a normal short chromosome to form a somewhat intermediate-sized acrocentric and a very short metacentric chromosome. In a plant of H. fulva a long and a short chromosome interchanged to produce two intermediate-sized acrocentric chromosomes. Possible evolutionary implications of these interchanges are discussed.


This paper proposes a new approach to locate software components from large component online open source repositories which encompasses the inherent features of context-aware browsing, ranking and semantic tagging. Tagging of individual components helps making search fast and efficient. We are trying to improvise the results of context aware browsing by ranking them on the basis of Hidden Markov Models. The inputs to Hidden Markov Models consists of auto generated contextual queries. These queries formulate the resource set of our Hidden Markov model. The queries are ameliorated using reformulation, specialization, generalization and general association. This automation not only reduces the search space of components for an efficient browsing but also it enables developers to use those components whose existence they do not even prognosticate.


We investigated whether CL and Run alters myosin heavy chain (MHC) based fibre types, the proteins that regulate intracellular calcium and the metabolic profile in the rat plantaris. Forty Sprague‐Dawley male rats were assigned to one of four groups: CL+Sedentary (Cre‐Sed); CL+Run (Cre‐Run); control+Sed (Con‐Sed); Con+Run (Con‐Run). Cre‐Run resulted in a 10% increase in type IIB fibres and a corresponding 11% decrease in type IIA fibres compared to Con‐Run (P<0.03). Parvalbumin content was decreased by 75% in Cre‐Sed and Cre‐Run (P<0.04). No differences were observed in the fast Ca2+ ATPase isoform, SERCA1, in any of the groups (P>0.49). SERCA2 content, a slow Ca2+ ATPase isoform, was 21% and 19% lower in Cre‐Sed and Cre‐Run compared to Con‐Sed and Con‐Run, respectively (P≤0.05). Run increased citrate synthase and 3‐hydroxyacyl‐CoA dehydrogenase activities (P≤0.05), while phosphofructokinase and glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase activities did not change; Cr did not alter any of these enzyme contents (P>0.28). We conclude that CL during Run was able to maintain a faster fibre type while not changing the metabolic profile indicating a disconnect between coordinated fibre type conversions and metabolic phenotypic profiles. We suggest that CL alleviates the need for parvalbumin and SERCA2 expression probably due to enhanced high energy phosphate shuttling that better supports SERCA1. NSERC & AHFMR.


It is possible to reduce microacceleration level in the indoor environment of space laboratory by the usage of electric jet engine. There is described the efficiency of electric jet engine for five different projects of space laboratories. There are introduced some recommendations for development of the engine with optimal characteristics to reduce microacceleration level.


Through Analyzing on inside and outside circumstances of developing highlevel sports teams in colleges,the author thinks that main source of athletes comes from middle schools and sports commission system.Studentathlete and athletestudent are the main component.This model works together with the system of our sports for a long time.


This study aims to predict the potential level of corporate bankruptcy. In this study, researchers took the object of Islamic banking companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange. The companies are as follows: PT. Bank Aladin Syariah Tbk, PT. Bank Syariah Indonesia Tbk, PT. Bank BTPN Syariah Tbk and PT. Bank Panin Dubai Syariah Tbk. This type of research uses descriptive quantitative using secondary data sources.The results of the study show that 2020-2021 shows healthy and stable results because the z-score for 2020-2021 is above 2.6 or Z-score > 2.6. That's why PT. Bank Aladin Syariah Tbk, PT. Bank Syariah Indonesia Tbk, PT. Bank BTPN Syariah Tbk and PT. Bank Panin Dubai Syariah Tbk must continue to apply the precautionary principle properly and continue to strive to improve the company's performance in order to avoid potential bankruptcy in the coming year, especially in the era of economic improvement after the Covid-19 pandemic


The distribution and dynamic changes of stomata on the epidermis of Camellia japonica L.cv.'hongluzhen'petals and stamens in bud stage(I),petal emerge(II),slight opening(III),full opening(IV)and fallen flowers(V)were studied.The results showed that stomata were distributed on stamens and the base of petals.The length of stomata on upper surface of petals were significantly greater than that on the lower surface (P0.01)in every developmental stage.Stomatal pore width was(2.5±0.3)μm and(0.9±0.3)μm at slight opening stage and full opening stage,respectively.No significantly differences was detected in the stomatal pore width on the inner surface of petals with an average value of(4.3±0.3)μm during the whole developmental process.The epidermal cell density on the lower surface of petals was higher than that on the upper surface.Stomata with larger pore width were presented on both the inner and outer surface of staminal tubes.The nonuniformed distribution of stomata,changes of stomatal pore width and different growing speeds of epidermal cells all might be involve the opening of flowers.


A CD is mounted in a CD carrier and is inserted and ejected to/from a recording and reproducing mechanism of an optical disk drive for commonly performing both of a reproduction of the CD and recording and reproduction of an MO cartridge. The CD carrier has a holder to enclose the CD and a CD turntable which is enclosed in a holder and mounts the CD to an upper portion and attaches a lower portion to a spindle motor of the recording and reproducing mechanism. The CD turntable has a first hub for attaching the CD to an upper portion of a disk on which the CD is mounted and a second hub for attaching a lower portion of the disk to a spindle motor of the recording and reproducing mechanism.


This article presents the first wireline sensor network to use the delay window clock and data recovery (CDR) algorithm, which allows network nodes to communicate without high precision embedded clocks or a global clock. Changes in the topology of the network caused the transmission rates of the sensor nodes to vary. The mean data period measured on the network ranged from 738.79 ns to 811.25 ns and the standard deviation of periodic jitter (PJ) ranged from 0.7640 ns to 24.01 ns, depending on topology. Data sent from the sensor nodes was successfully recovered for all test cases without modifying the CDR, despite high PJ.


: This research was conducted in the 4 th graders in elementary school Balunglor 3 Jember. The purpose of the study was to find out the effect of cooperative learning model type course review horay assisted with audio visual on 4th grade students' learning outcomes on theme of my ideals, the subtheme of my amazing ideals in elementary school Balunglor 03 Jember even Semester Academic Year 2019/2020. This type of research is an experimental research that used a non-equivalent control group design with pretest posttest control group design. The participants of this study were 49 students, consisting of IVA and IVB classes. Data collection methods used were interviews, observation, documentation, and tests. The result of the study showed that the T-test t count > t table with db = 96 is 4.888> 1.985 was at a significance level of 0.05 and a confidence level of 95% with a relative effectiveness of 66.3%. Based on these results the alternative hypothesis is accepted and the null hypothesis is rejected. It can be concluded that cooperative learning model type course review hooray assisted with audio visual influenced 4 th grade students' learning outcomes on theme of my ideals, the subtheme my amazing ideals in elementary school Balunglor 03 Jember .