The background of this study the phenomenon of earnings management practices often does companies that resulted in losses for the stakeholders and degrade the quality of financial reporting information. Therefore, this study aims to interpret the behavior of accountants in earnings management practices. The approach taken is hermeneutic interpretive. Hermeneutic approach undertaken by the authors based on the curiosity of the author of the views and understanding of accountants and businessmen related to earnings management practices. The views and comments of the accountant may be the interpretation which would have a meaning according to their worldview. As a result, earnings management commentary in the practice of accountants in the study found: 1) Accountants have always considered that the accounting figures are mirrored the progress of the company; 2) Profit Management don'ts home still in the corridor accounting policy rather than to meet the interests unilaterally; 3) The tendency of managers does materialistic behavior in earnings management practices.


This paper describes the electrochemical characterisation of gold and platinum microdevices mass fabricated using silicon technology. Specific attention was paid to allow in situ electrochemical detection of silicate in seawater. Thus, using a silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ) inorganic passivation layer patterned using Inductively Coupled Plasma Chemical Vapor Deposition (ICP-CVD), coupled with a non-aggressive lift-off based process, different electrodes were isolated electrically: one gold or platinum working electrode named "macroelectrode" (2 mm of diameter), four gold or platinum working ultramicroelectrodes (UME) (15 µm of diameter), one platinum counter electrode and one silver electrode which can be used as a reference electrode after its chlorination. Their small size and mass fabrication make them very promising for oceanographic applications. As some components of microdevices release silicate and contaminate the solution, after being immersed in seawater, these microdevices were inserted in a specific cell that only puts the electrodes in contact with the seawater solution. Gold has been tested as a possible material for working electrodes but its lack of adherence to the passivation layer in seawater solutions led to non-accurate measurements. On the contrary, passivation layer on platinum electrodes resists to the seawater corrosive medium. The analytical performances of the platinum microdevices has been tested through different silicate calibrations and shows an outstanding accuracy and reproducibility when measurements are performed, especially with the macroelectrodes which showed only 2.8 % signal variation after four months of use and a limit of quantification of 0.50 µmol.L -1 suitable for oceanographic applications.


This paper investigates the residents' participation in agro-tourism development by examining their attitudes towards the impacts of agro-tourism on economic, socio-culture, and environment. The data was obtained from a survey of residents in Thai Phien Village based on a random sampling method. Factor analysis, descriptive statistics, and comparing means and multiple linear regression were employed to analyze the data. The results reveal that agro-tourism mostly brings positive impacts that outweigh the negative ones on the local community, such as educating visitors about agriculture, enhancing the community pride about local culture, capturing the demands of tourists on the local agricultural products, diversifying local economic activities, encouraging cultural exchange, and also improving public infrastructure and the area appearances. The study also indicated the demographic characteristics of residents are likely to affect their attitudes towards agro-tourism impacts. Using a regression model, the findings yield that the positive impacts of both economic and socio-culture have contributed positively, meanwhile the negative impacts of socio-culture indicate a negative relationship with regard to the participation of local community in agro-tourism development. Thus, the locals' positive attitudes towards agro-tourism impacts play a vital role, thereby influencing their willingness to active participation in developing agro-tourism of the community. In order to improve the residents' positive attitudes, the local authorities can develop educational programmes or agro-tourism business model courses to apprise locals of the interests of agro-tourism to individuals as well as the community. It can also build up strategies based on local media, via local media, to provide the panorama of agrotourism and its benefits on locals.


The cell counts in milk of goats seem to vary quite a lot. It is difficult to diagnose mastitis in goats using only cell counts as a criterion. Clinical symptoms correlated with bacteriology and differences in the cell counts of milk samples from the two halves are probably the criteria of choice in the laboratory mastitis diagnosis in goats.


The 'like' icon is the most frequently used among all icons on Facebook. Although this social media platform is used by many people to express their music preferences publicly, Facebook 'likes' are still underutilised in determining personality. Thus, music 'likes' was employed in this study to gauge the personality of individuals based on a model that was developed by mapping music genres and personality traits. A computational technique that gauges users' personalities on the basis of their music 'likes' on Facebook was also introduced. Results discovered that personality traits based on music preferences on Facebook assisted in revealing the personality of individuals. Furthermore, similar patterns in personality traits were obtained from a manual test, i.e., the Big Five inventory test performed on each respondent. Music genres and personality traits were mapped by the proposed model to examine the relationship between these two variables and the findings revealed that music 'likes' can be utilised to identify the personality of individuals.


SYNTHESIS 2004, No. 3, pp 0415–0418xx.xx.2004 Advanced online publication: 26.01.2004 DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-815935; Art ID: Z17103SS © Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York Abstract: A facile synthesis of exo-methylene 3,1-benzothiazines from ortho-alkynylated aniline 1 with alkyl or aryl isothiocyanates is described. The reaction can be set up both in a discontinuous or continuous process, the latter protocol explored with a Cellular Process Chemistry (CPC) reactor.


BACKGROUND
Clarifying the cause of global developmental and speech delay is of considerable significance in pediatrics. We present the clinical phenotype of the 22q13 deletion syndrome - also known as Phelan-McDermid syndrome - and show the diagnostic options.

PATIENT
We report on a female patient with muscular hypotonia, tall stature, minor facial dysmorphism, retarded motor and mental development, and severe speech delay.

METHOD
Chromosomal analysis was performed first on peripheral lymphocytes on GTG-banded chromosomes. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis was carried out using the dual-color LSI DiGeorge/VCFS Region Probe (TUPLE1, N25) (Vysis/Abbott) and the subtelomeric probe tel 22q13.3 (Tel Vysion 22q).

RESULTS
The analysis of metaphase chromosomes at 450 band resolution showed a normal female karyotype 46,XX. FISH analysis revealed a 22q13 deletion.

CONCLUSION
Muscular hypotonia and developmental delay are non-specific findings observed in many genetic syndromes. In association with severe speech delay and normal or advanced growth pediatricians should consider 22q13 deletion syndrome as a potential cause and initiate a genetic examination.


Summary Response to potassium fertilization was tested, over a two-year period, in 24 experimental fields, predominantly in coarse-textured soils. Only two fields showed significant yield increases. Potassium availability was estimated on the basis of (a) the free energy (ΔF) of potassium exchange for calcium and magnesium, (b) the proportion of potassium in total exchangeable cations, and (c) soluble potassium extraction in correlation with the potassium content of the plants. Woodruff's method (ΔF) yielded the best agreement (correlation coefficient r = 0·77). ΔF values showed a sufficient supply of available potassium, which may have accounted for the lack of response to fertilization.


We consider the stability of a weighted finite difference scheme for a linear hyperbolic equation with nonlocal integral boundary condition. By studying the spectrum of the transition matrix of the three-layered difference scheme we obtain a sufficient stability condition in a special matrix norm.
*The research was partially supported by the Research Council of Lithuania (grant No. MIP-047/2014).


During voltage dips continuous power delivery from distributed generation systems to the grid is desirable for the purpose of grid support. In order to facilitate the control of distributed generation systems adapted to the expected change of grid requirements, generalized power control schemes based on symmetric-sequence components are proposed in this paper for inverter-based distributed generation, aiming at manipulating the delivered instantaneous power under voltage dips. It is shown that active power and reactive power can be independently controlled with two individually adaptable parameters. By changing these parameters, the relative amplitudes of oscillating power can be smoothly regulated, as well as the peak values of three-phase grid currents. As a result, the power control of grid-side inverters becomes quite flexible. Furthermore, two strategies for simultaneous active and reactive power control are proposed that preserves adaptive controllability. Finally, the proposed schemes are verified experimentally.


This paper analyzes critically the appeal the unpolitical is enjoying among contemporary political philosophers who are democracy's friends. Unlike a radical critique of democracy, what I propose to call "criticism from within," takes the form of dissatisfaction with the erosion of an independent mind and impartial judgment per effect of the partisan character of democratic politics. This paper proposes three main criticisms of the actual trend toward unpolitical views of democracy: the first points to the strategic use of deliberation as an antidote against democratic procedures themselves (like voting and majority rule); the second to the negative conception of democracy that the unpolitical aspiration makes visible; and the third to the dissolution of political judgment within a model of judgment that is tailored around justice.


The main stream of contemporary students' value is healthy, while side effects also exist. Three representatives are the heritage and development of Marxism, and an important guide to training students' value. We shall fulfill its spirit to train the students.


THE development work and experimental results presented herein have been a part of a co-operative project of the Utilities Co-ordinated Research, Inc. (Association of Edison Illuminating Companies) and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The purpose of this joint research project is the investigation of the mechanism of the deterioration of electrical insulating oils and the development of methods and apparatus for the study of this deterioration, with special reference to its influence on the electrical characteristics. It was for this reason that it was desirable to investigate the conductance of electrical insulating oils and methods of determining the conductance of such oils.


Significance
 The news comes after Italy's government granted approval on June 11 for the sale of two Fincantieri FREMM frigates to Egypt for an estimated USD1.2bn, potentially as part of a much larger arms deal. Egypt was also Germany's principal arms customer in the first quarter, with purchases worth EUR290.6mn.

 Impacts
 EU institutions will play a secondary role to member-state relations with Egypt.
 Egypt's human rights violations will be met only by occasional expressions of concern by European countries.
 The Turkish intervention in Libya is moving France closer to Egypt.
 Russia will seek to add to its already expanding arms sales to Egypt.


The set of $n$ by $n$ upper-triangular nilpotent matrices with entries in a finite field $\mathbb{F}_q$ has Jordan canonical forms indexed by partitions $\lambda \vdash n$. We present a combinatorial formula for computing the number $F_\lambda(q)$ of matrices of Jordan type $\lambda$ as a weighted sum over standard Young tableaux. We construct a bijection between paths in a modified version of Young's lattice and non-attacking rook placements, which leads to a refinement of the formula for $F_\lambda(q)$.


Load-bearing elements composed of glass, as known, are often susceptible to buckling collapse mechanisms. This intrinsic characteristic (and thus potential limitation for design) typically derives from the use of relatively small thicknesses to cover large spans and surfaces, thus resulting in a multitude of columns, beams, or plates that are characterized by high slenderness. In the literature, accordingly, several and design propositions support of the definition of efficient calculation models to capture the typical buckling response of glass elements variably shaped, sized, restrained and loaded. In this study, the attention is focused on the buckling analysis of glass columns and on the assessment of uncertainties due to input random parameters. With the support of finite element numerical models, a total of 800 glass columns are investigated, by accounting for stochastic variations in the geometry (size and thickness), modulus of elasticity and density of glass, maximum amplitude of the imposed initial imperfection, material type. Based on the Monte Carlo simulation method, the final result takes the form of 2400 simulations, where the post-processing analysis is spent on the derivation of empirical formulations for the correlation of the relevant buckling capacity indicators. From the global out-of-plane bending analysis, the input random parameters are observed to affect severely both long and short columns with different flexural stiffness. Besides, a stable linear correlation is found for some influencing indicators. The attention is thus focused on the sensitivity analysis of critical buckling load, ultimate failure configuration, deflection at collapse, buckling reduction coefficient.


The question of the origins of logic as a formal discipline is of special interest to the historian of physics since it represents a turning inward to examine the very nature of reasoning and the relationship between thought and reality. In the West, Aristotle (384-322 BCE) is generally credited with the formalization of the tradition of logic and also with the development of early physics. In India, the Rigveda itself in the hymn 10.129 suggests the beginnings of the representation of reality in terms of various logical divisions that were later represented formally as the four circles of: "A", "not A", ":A and not A", and "not A and not not A''. According to Puranic accounts, Medhatithi Gautama and Aksapada Gautama (or Gotama), which are perhaps two variant names for the author of the early formal text on Indian logic, belonged to about 550 BCE. The Greek and the Indian traditions seem to provide the earliest formal representations of logic, and in this article we ask if they influenced each other. We are also interested in the scope of early logic, since this gives an idea to us of the way early thinkers thought about nature and change. We will show that Greek and Indian logical traditions have much that is distinctive and unique and that they must have emerged independently.


questions for discussion, which will enhance its usefulness in the tutorial room. Even if he has not said the last word on the subject, Anthony Kelly has made a significant contribution to the trinitarian theology with this book. His emphasis on God as Love is imperative if the doctrine of the Trinity is to be retrieved from the obscurity into which it has fallen in the minds of many and to be shown to be beautiful, relevant, challenging and necessary for the lives of Christians today.


In this paper,the authors chose the dragon pavilions lake water as the research object,collected a total amount of 23 sediment samples and 23 kinds of water.According to the above analysis,it determinates the TN,TP,NH4-N,NO3-N,NO2-N and PO4 content of water and sediment,and the analysis the existence of N,P form.Through the studies of the water and sediment pollution condition,and sediment pollution on the overlying water impact,based on the National standard GB-3838-2002 surface water ammonia nitrogen content standard scientific basis that showed the overlying water body long focused on 1,2,3,4 groups,of all the categories,the three categories are the highest proportion of water.However overlying water of sediment NH4-N,NO3-N plays a certain degree of purification,but it is repository of NO2-N,PO4 in other word,it is one of the inner pollution sources of Dragon-Pavilions Lake.This thesis will provide a decision support,the scientific basis to lake water pollution management and the improvement of the quality of the lake water.


Those joining hospital boards of trustees in New Jersey will soon have to go to school, according to a new law aimed at boosting their financial and governance savvy. And it could start a trend, as more and more hospitals come under greater scrutiny. "I think trustee leadership is crucial to the survival of the hospitals in New Jersey," said Fred Jacobs, left, state health commissioner.


Societies are getting more diverse, with social issues increasing, necessitating the need to intensify efforts to promote tolerance and respect for diversity. In this study, we report the approach employed to redesign and evaluate a general education course to enhance students' knowledge of tolerance and respect for diversity, drawing on Islamic values in the United Arab Emirates. In collecting and analyzing data for the study, we adopted a qualitative approach to explore students' nuanced and reflective understanding and application of the key concepts taught in the course. We retrieved and thematically analyzed 40 transcripts from sixty-nine students' reflective assignments. Our results indicate that students see the education process based on Islamic principles as a socialization means for shaping human life, caring for others, demonstrating compassion, and sharing knowledge, as essential to fostering tolerance. Drawing on our findings, we recommend carefully redesigning courses to strengthen students' knowledge of tolerance and respect for diversity using the authentic learning approach. This includes engaging them in activities to link class tasks to real-life contexts, providing them with safe learning spaces, and encouraging them to learn with peers from different backgrounds.


People hold four views about the course property of historical geography: history, geography, cross course of study and independent comprehensive course of study. An analysis of the concept of time-space and man-nature relationship in studies of historical geography indicates that historical geography is an independent comprehensive course of study developed on the basis of research achievements of the predecessors.


The fruits of Desmos cochinchinensis var. fulvescens collected from Vietnam were extracted with methanol under reflux. The methanol extracts were fractionated, and further purified with the assistance of column chromatography to afford sixteen compounds. Seven characterized compounds were subjected into the NO inhibitory activity examinations and among the tested compounds, desmosflavone (34) exhibited the most significant inhibition on NO production with IC50 of 23.9 ± 1.1 μM. In the organic vegetables cultivation fields, the cabbage anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum higginsianum was a serious problem. Traditionally, the farmer used the antifungal chemicals to control the disease, but excessive uses of synthetic pesticides would hurt the plants and environment and also induce resistant fungi. Thus in the present study, forty-eight different traditional Chinese medicines were extracted and subjected into the antifungal activity examinations. From the above results, extracts of Glycyrrhiza glabra、Illicium verum、Scutellaria baicalensis、Magnolia officinalis、Coptis chinensis、Rubia cordifolia and Schisandra chinensis have the best inhibitory activity, it is hopeful to explore the bioactive constituents discover new botanical pesticides derived from the plant sources. In the preliminary cytotoxic bioassay, the dichloromethane layer of methanol extracts of leaves of Aquilaria sinensis demonstrated the significant cytotoxicity toward the doxorubicin resistant human breast adenocarcinoma cell lines (MCF-7/ADR). Therefore, the present research is aimed to purify and identify the bioactive constituents from A. sinensis. The methanol extracts of leaves were fractionated, and further purified with the assistance of column chromatography to afford sixteen compounds. These isolates would be subjected into the anti-tumor bioactivity examinations to explore new natural anti-cancer drug leads.


Objective To introduce a simple and effective microtrauma operative method for correcting inverted nipple. Methods Double buried purse-string sutures were performed to correct the nipple inversion and stitch traction was applied during the immediate postoperative period, it would last 2 weeks at least. Results The follow-up period up to 18 months for 11 patients (19 nipples) shows validity of this technique. The advantages of this procedure are its simplicity, minimal scar and good sensation and function. Conclusion This is a simple, useful and dependable method for correcting inversed nipple of Grade I~II or ill-defined nipples.


Conclusions about the effectiveness of inpatient treatmen1 for alcoholism and other drug dependencies, and about the length of stay for such treatment, based on the Miller and Hester study (1986) are derived from treatment modalities excluding the Minnesota model. Managed care initiatives which limit access to treatment centers following the Minnesota model are inappropriate and unjust if such decisions are based on the findings reviewed in Miller and Hester (1986).


A series of novel disperse dyes has been prepared by subsequent reaction of 2-(2' -anthraquinonylamino-3'hydroxy)-4-anilino-6-chloro-s-triazine with various amines. All the disperse dyes were characterized by their percentage yield, melting point, nitrogen elemental analysis, infrared spectrum, 1H NMR data and dyeing performance on polyester and nylon fabrics. The percentage dye bath exhaustion on both the fabrics was found to be reasonably good and the dyed fabrics showed fair to good fastness to light and very good to excellent fastness to washing anrl rubbing.


Objectives To investigate whether degradation of anterior pharynx decfective-1(Aph-1) goes through proteasomal pathway or lysosomal pathway.Methods Various methods such as cell culture,Western blotting,pulse-chase metabolic labeling technique,double immunofluoresecnt staining,combined with proteasomal and lysosomal inhibition were used to check Aph-1 expression level in stable Aph-1-transfected or non-transfected neuronal(SH-SY5Y)cell line.Results Using Western blotting,treating the neuronal cells with proteasome specific inhibitors significantly increased the expression of both endogenous and exogenous Aph-1.The effect of the proteasome inhibitors on Aph-1 expression was dose-and time-dependent Lysosomal pathway was not involved in Aph-1 degradation. Pulse-chase metabolic labeling experiment showed that the turnover of newly-synthesized radiolabeled Aph-1 protein was blocked by Lactacystin.Double immunofluorescent staining revealed colocalization of Aph-1 and ubiquitin in the same cells.Conclusion Degradation of Aph-1 protein is mediated by proteasomal pathway in neuronal cells,and is not related to lysosomal pathway.Aph-1 protein is ubiquitinated before degradation.

Key words:
Neurons; Membrane proteins; Cysteine proteinase inhibitors


Magnetic susceptibility measurements remain one of the most reliable methods used to investigate the pollution of both surface and subsurface soil from metallic anthropogenic sources. Most of the geological rocks within the study area increase the susceptibility of the soil; however, knowing the natural background susceptibility of the parent rocks will give an idea of the anthropogenic influence on the susceptibility of the soil. This study was carried out in Kogi State, North Central Nigeria, with the aim of determining the depth of the boundary between the anthropogenic influences on soil magnetic susceptibility from those of a lithogenic origin. Magnetic susceptibility measurements were carried out on 1,760 soil samples, collected from 220 soil profiles at a depth of 80.0 cm and at intervals of 10.0 cm. From the spatial distribution of magnetic susceptibility maps at different depths, the boundary between the basement complex and the sedimentary basin was clearly demarcated. The result further shows the highest magnetic susceptibility values of 350–650 × 10−5 SI, which dominates the surface soil to a depth of 40.0 cm. At the depth of 40–50 cm, the result indicates the combination of a natural anthropogenic influence on soil magnetic susceptibility with an average of 250 × 10−5 SI. Furthermore, no evidence of layering along the depth sections was observed, suggesting that the soil profiles indicate areas mainly covered by anthropogenically influenced susceptibility, which were localized and restricted to commercial places within the state. This study reveals that the average depth of soil affected by anthropogenic pollutants is between 40–50 cm in commercial places and 20–30 cm in other places with less commercial activities.


The presentation of a bomb as an applicator is not a new idea for it has been utilized on numerous occasions. The purpose of this device is to protect structures which do not need radiation and to assist even distribution of the dosage. Almost everyone who has been using radium over a period of years has accumulated applicators of various sizes. There is considerable difficulty in applying these different packages evenly over a given surface. The larger bomb in this presentation is made up of 3 mm. of brass for the filter. The side wall of the chamber is also ground to 3 mm. of brass; however, this wall may be thicker if more protection is needed. The floor is 5 mm. of brass. The spool-shaped stem is composed of aluminum and reduces the total weight which the floor of the vagina must support. The transverse diameter and the long axis of this model can be varied according to the size needed for any particular patient. The bomb has a long axis; therefore, it will not rotate and it will stay in the position ...


Systematically coarse-grained (CG) force field models are state point dependent and therefore are usually not transferable to different chemistries and thermodynamic conditions. Fragment-based approaches for deriving CG polymer force fields increase the transferability of the models, but several challenges remain, in particular to describe conformational transitions of polymers driven by changes in the solvent environment or chemical composition of the chain. Herein, we describe a coarse-graining approach for deriving implicit-solvent CG polymer models, which can be used to study hydrophobic collapse transitions in aqueous solutions. On the basis of an earlier reported CG model for sodium poly(styrenesulfonate) (PSSNa) [Macromolecules 2012, 45, 2551−2561], we describe an approach to rescale nonpolar pair potentials of mean force based on a solvent-accessible-surface-area argument, thus allowing to reduce the fraction of charged monomers in the chain and to account for partial chain collapse. Based on a co...


Aquatic invertebrates are crucial components of foodwebs in seasonal woodland ponds, and leaf litter is probably the most important food resource for those organisms. We quantified the influence of leaf litter inputs on aquatic invertebrates in two seasonal woodland ponds using an interception experiment. Ponds were hydrologically split using a sandbag-plastic barrier, and a mesh canopy was suspended over one-half of each pond to intercept autumn leaf fall for four years. Subsequently the mesh canopies were removed so recovery could be assessed.


First diffusion characteristics of innovational product are discussed and Grey remnant Verhulst model and Grey optimal Verhulst model are established and then the two optimal models with Bass model in accuracy of simulation are compared based on a case.It can be concluded that Grey remnant Verhulst model guarantees higher accuracy of simulation than other models.


With the present knowledge of lysine requirements, drastic variations in ingredient costs, and environmental pressures to lower crude protein, it has become increasingly more important to know the requirements for the next limiting amino acids. Methionine, threonine, and tryptophan are available in synthetic forms. These amino acids are also considered to be the next limiting amino acids in swine nursery and grower diets. A better understanding of the pigs' requirements for each of these amino acids will result in lower feed costs, improved diet formulations, and a reduction in nitrogen excretion.


Predicting worker's effort is important in many different areas, but is often difficult. Using a laboratory experiment, we test the hypothesis that confidence, i.e. the person-specific beliefs about her abilities, can be used as a generic proxy to predict future effort provision. We measure confidence in the domain of financial knowledge in three different ways (self-assessed knowledge, probability-based confidence, and incentive-compatible confidence) and find a positive relation with actual effort provision in an unrelated domain. Additional analysis shows that the findings are independent of a person's traits such as gender, age, and nationality.


The building integrated PV systems for solar cell module including a micro-inverter used in the building envelope is disclosed. In the building integrated PV systems including micro-inverter consisting of an array of one or more units BIPV module, the unit BIPV module, the solar cell module and a plurality of the vertical bar and a plurality of horizontal bars, the horizontal straight segment as the vertical comprising a support frame wherein the solar cell module is fixed so as to form an exterior surface of a building, micro-inverter for converting the DC power outputted from the solar cell module to the AC power source is mounted inside the hollow part of the horizontal bar within that space According to a building integrated photovoltaic system including a micro-inverter, characterized in that it is, there is an effect to secure the energy supply capabilities through the main power and the auxiliary power output of the building itself, and with the ease of heat dissipation effect, the workability and maintenance .


DEHP and DINP are primary plasticizers used in many flexible vinyl products such as soft teethers that may be mouthed by young children. The ultrasonic bath extraction seems to be adequate to determine the migration of phthalates from plastic articles and gives values that are comparable with release rates observed in sucking experiments with test persons. However, the higher release rates that occur when articles are chewed are not reflected by the method. Those higher release rates could be taken into account by using appropriate correction factors. The results of the risk assessment raise clear concern with respect to DEHP. The maximum levels both with respect to sucking and chewing exceed the TDI considerably. If other exposure routes are taken into account additionally then even the average sucking value would lead to intakes above the TDI. In any case the recommended precautionary limit would be exceeded by factors from 8 to 23. Regarding DINP the situation is less dramatic. Under the most aggravating conditions the intake would be about 56% of the TDI. Nevertheless this value should be noticed due to various uncertainties. The recommended precautionary limit could be exceeded in some cases by factors from 2 to 6.


Fast food investments differ from restaurants by fast servicing. So expectation of the customers from these investments is to be serviced as fast as possible. The customers of the cafeteria of the universities are generally consisted from students and personals of itself. Since both of the groups have limited time to service, waiting process is getting decrease, and thus it is expected to be serviced in optimum fast level in those investments. While increasing the number of the staffs is enough to decrease demurrage, it will cause more expenditure because of the staff costs. There is an inverse ratio between service providers and demurrage. That is, increasing the number of service providers in order to reduce waiting costs increases service costs while decreasing the number of service providers increases demurrage. Analyses are made with the wait-line model to guide decision makers to balance in a dilemma.


The sedimentological study in the Palaeoproterozoic Vempalle Formation of the Cuddapah Basin, in and around Kottalu village (783'30", 14137 ) reveals two major facies associations, viz mixed facies association consisting of heterolithic facies and microbialite facies and stromatolite facies association comprising of columnar stromatolite facies and domal stromatolite facies. Facies association and associated stromatolites morphology clearly demonstrate that the Vempalle Formation in the study area is deposited in a shallow carbonate shelf that evolve to a stromatolitic ramp within fair weather wave base during sea-level lowstand. The Vempalle Formation also shows significantly depleted δC (-0.03 to -5.74) and δO (-8.19 to 18.25‰). This negative carbon isotope value of the said formation indicates the contribution of CO2 or bicarbonate derived from oxidation of organic matter. Diagenetic carbonate concretions associated with the stromatolitic dolomites of the Vempalle Formation is also an important event in biosphere evolution linked to the emergence of modern style recycling of organic matter which has been taken place globally at the end of Lomagundi-Jatuli Event.


Overlying-separation layer grouting technology refers to manufacturing grouting by mixing water, fly ash and other materials on ground in proportion, and then injecting into stratum of development zone on separation layer with high-pressure grouting pump to fill the separation layer space for mitigating surface subsidence in coal mine. In this study, the overlying-separation layer development and grouting subsidence mitigation mechanism were investigated by analyzing filling, supporting, cementation and expansion of grouting material. A calculation method for grouting subsidence mitigation was proposed based on the analysis of overlying rock and surface movement without grouting, deflection of grouting control layer and surface subsidence with grouting. The factors influencing grouting subsidence mitigation effects were analyzed to optimize overlying-separation layer grouting parameters. An evaluation method for grouting subsidence mitigation effects was proposed. The analysis results of examples indicated that subsidence coefficient of theoretical calculation is generally matched with that of numerical modeling, and the accurate evaluation of grouting subsidence mitigation effects by specific calculation can be simplified as measuring with the actual maximum surface subsidence values without and with applying grouting technology.


During the past five years, single-rod fast-fission factors have been measured in rods with diameters of 0.25, Thermal and fast flux measurements in the rods and the surrounding graphite moderator were also carried out. A summary of these fast-fission factors is presented with descriptions of the methods used to measure them and of fast and thermal flux distributions. (auth)


Based on analyzing the present situation and prospects of forest tourism in China,this paper proposed some ideas for the Chinese forest tourist product development and marketing tactics,which would provide reference for the sustained development of forest tourism.


Summary Sorafenib is a multikinase inhibitor chemotherapeutic effective in treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the oral tablet formulation is associated with severe side effects, resulting in poor patient tolerance. To address such issues, this study works to re-formulate sorafenib as part of an embolic microsphere platform to enable local delivery of sorafenib to the liver tumors via catheters placed in tumor-feeding arteries.


The purpose of atmospheric transport and diffusion calculations is to provide estimates of concentration and surface deposition from routine and accidental releases of pollutants to the atmosphere. This paper discusses this topic.


Instantaneous frequency is an important parameter to non-linear frequency modulated (NLFM) signal in low probability intercept (LPI) radar. For electronic intelligence, it is very important to accurately estimate instantaneous frequency of NLFM signal. A multi-scale chirplet path pursuit
 (MCPP) method and its improved method are proposed for electronic intelligence systems to estimate instantaneous frequency of NLFM radar signal in this paper. Firstly, signal duration is divided into a set of dynamic time interval, multi-scale chirplet basis function is established on each
 time interval simultaneously. And then, projection coefficient in each dynamic interval is calculated basing on chirplet basis functions. And then, chirplet basis functions which have the largest projection coefficient with the analysis signal in each time interval are connected by path pursuit
 algorithm. Rough estimation of instantaneous frequency will be achieved by connecting the linear frequency of those chirplet basis functions. At last, to solve the problem that instantaneous frequency curve is not smooth for the impact of noise and chirplet errors, least square fitting method
 is used to further improve estimation accuracy. Experimental results show that, proposed improved MCPP algorithm is suitable for the instantaneous frequency of the NLFM radar signal at low SNR. Compared with time-frequency analysis method, it has higher estimation accuracy. Proposed method
 can also be applied to the instantaneous frequencies estimation of other NLFM signal without prior knowledge, such as seismic signals and fault diagnosis signals.


Climate change is the single biggest threat facing the global food system. Irrefutable impacts of climate change on the food systems are recently acknowledged. Therefore, extensive scientific efforts around the globe are dedicated to investigating and evaluating the short and long-term effects of climate change on the development of global food systems. In this study, an integrated approach of two methodologies, including Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Data and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), was employed to extrapolate the long-term changes in agronomic areas from 2000 to 2020 in the Dukan Dam Watershed (DDW), Northern Iraq. The link between agricultural areas and the primary production of essential crops (Wheat, Barley, Rice, Maize, and Sunflower) is proposed to be altered due to the impact of climate change. According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report, Iraq is one of the semi-arid regions in the world that has recently been characterized by water scarcity and limited agronomic areas. Three independent variables (rainfall, temperature, and agriculture area) were used in the multiple regression analysis to understand the impact of the main drivers affecting the production of crops in DDW. Obtained results showed an increasing trend in crop production as a result of the frequent use of groundwater and surface water sources along with the implementation of greenhouse cultivation. Correlation analysis shows that the crop production was significantly related to the annual precipitation with a 59–63% in winter crops like wheat and barley, but was less sensitive to the temperature with a 20–40% in summer crops like rice, maize, and sunflower. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-06-04 Full Text: PDF


The effectiveness of (110)-oriented substrates and strain modulation by using starting substrates with thin SiGe and channel width narrowing on mobility enhancement in SiGe-on-insulator (SGOI) pMOSFETs is systematically investigated down to the body thickness (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${T}_{\text {body}}{)}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of 3.2 nm. The initial strain of 1.6% is realized at a Ge fraction of 60% by using the optimized Ge condensation. We confirm the significant mobility enhancement by narrowing the channel width (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${W}_{\text {ch}}{)}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of (110) SGOI channels, attributed to strong asymmetric strain. At <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${T}_{\text {body}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of around 5 nm, (110) SGOI pMOSFETs provide higher hole mobility of 971 cm2/Vs than the ones fabricated on (100) GOI substrates, resulting in <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1.9\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> mobility enhancement. The effective hole mobility of 291 cm2/Vs is also achieved on 3.2-nm-thick (110) SGOI pMOSFETs with asymmetric strain channels at <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${W}_{\text {ch}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of 120 nm, leading to mobility enhancement of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1.5\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> against the mobility of quasi-uniaxial (100) GOI ones at the same <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${T}_{\text {body}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> despite the lower Ge fraction.


N-Acetylacetoneglycine, N-benzoylacetoneglycine and N-dibenzoylmethaneglycine, which are unstable dibasic tridentate ligands, have been isolated as their stabler potassium salts. These potassium salts have been used to prepare the corresponding copperOI}, iron(lI), cobalt(II), iron(lll}, cobalt(lll} and oxovanadium(IY) complexes. The complexes have been characterised by elemental analysis, molar conductance, magnetic susceptibility and thermogravimetric data. The p-ketoenamine struct\lres of the ligands and their bonding in the metal chelates have been discussed on the basis of U V, I Rand N M R spectral data.


This paper describes an exploding wire experiment to measure the electrical specific action to melt of structural alloys of copper and aluminum, including C10100, C11000, C18000, C18200, Al6061, and Al7075. These alloys, which are commonly used in railguns and other pulsed power devices, are not produced in fine wire form. Instead of wires, we developed a technique to test macroscopic samples (0.25 mm × 0.5 mm cross section) manufactured with wire electrical discharge machining. This paper includes a description of the design considerations for such macroscopic exploding wire experiments.


On a meeting of literature and art held in Yan'an,Mao Zedong mentioned the word "Xia Li Ba People".In this term he expressed his view of popular literature.As far as Mao concerned,popular literature is just a type of literature as elite literature.He said we not only need "high-class"popular literature,but also need "low-class"popular literature.He exhorted the people engaged in literary work to absorb the essence of elite literature and guide the popular literature from "low"to "high"rather than contempt and reject it,or lead it to the elite literature.


ABSTRACT This article re-examines the slow rhetorical quality of Jean Calvin's political theology by drawing attention to the literary dimensions of Calvin's theological writing. In conversation with recent work on political theology and Ernst Kantorowicz's The King's Two Bodies (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1985), I show how Calvin relies on a participatory grammar and a fictive rendering of the incarnation to theorize the relationship between the concrete body of Christ and the corporate "body" of the church. I argue that this recovers theological resources for maintaining a critical distance between words and things that resists absolutist incarnations of political theology. Foregrounding the role of fiction in constituting dogmatic theological arguments aids in distinguishing the role of theological analogies from mythical foundations. By better attending to the literary dimensions of dogmatic theological writings, it may be possible to further complicate and recast the relationship between theological categories and modern political thought.


A novel palladium-catalyzed cyclization of alkynyl carboxylic acids with isocyanides has been successfully developed herein. The corresponding 5-iminofuranone or 5-iminopyrrolone derivatives were constructed in moderate to good yields which were well controlled by the solvents. These reactions proceed under simple and mild reaction conditions with high efficiency, and feature a wide substrate scope, readily available starting materials and easy operation.


Optical information security is one of the most important research directions in information science and technology, especially in the copyright protection, confidential information transmission/storage and military remote sensing. Since double random phase encoding technology (DRPE) was proposed, optical image encryption technology has become the main topic of optical information security and it has been developed and studied deeply. Much significant research and investigation on optical image encryption have been presented based on DRPE or further optical operation, such as digital holography, and Fresnel transform, gyrator transform. In this paper, the optical encryption system for gray image and color image is reviewed.


Abstract A sand bed was used to investigate root system development and the relationship between the root system and seed yield of Caucasian clover (Trifolium ambiguum). During vegetative growth (September to November) root dry matter (DM) accumulated more rapidly than shoot DM, and the root to shoot ratio was 2.52 by mid November. However, as reproductive growth accelerated the rate of root DM accumulation decreased, and by early February the root to shoot ratio was 0.78. Plants developed primary, secondary, and tertiary crowns in this first growing season, with both primary and secondary crowns producing reproductive shoots. The protracted flowering period (five months) was a result of an initial production of reproductive shoots from primary crowns, and an extended production of reproductive shoots from secondary crowns when primary crown shoot production had ceased. A single primary crown produced an average seed yield of 3.8 g compared with 0.81 g seed from an average secondary crown. However, as there was only one primary crown but there were 26 secondary crowns per plant, the total seed yield from secondary crowns reached 21.1 g per plant. Seed yield per plant was, therefore, almost entirely dominated by the number and size of the secondary crowns. Root DM was highly correlated (R2 = 0.80–0.97) with the number of leaves, reproductive shoots, and inflorescences, as well as the number of secondary crowns, suggesting that the potential for seed production is strongly influenced by the size of the root system prior to reproductive development.


A dimensionally reduced axisymmetric shell model using a three-field complementary energy-based variational principle set up in terms of non-symmetric stresses, rotations and displacements is derived. Considering axisymmetrically loaded shells of revolution, a special form of the three-dimensional variational principle of Hellinger-Reissner is obtained and applied for the derivation of the Euler-Lagrange equations and natural boundary conditions of the shell model. Mathematical Subject Classification:


Electroabsorption in an InGaAs/GaAs strained‐layer multiple quantum well structure has been observed. With only ten quantum wells, 6.4% transmission modulation was obtained at 0.950 μm with 2 V reverse bias. A single absorption peak was observed, in contrast to the double peak observed in similar GaAs/AlGaAs structures. The present structure is fabricated on a GaAs substrate which is transparent to light at the exciton absorption wavelength.


Background: There is a small but growing evidence base that exposure to ultrafine particles (UFP – particles smaller than 100nm) may play an important role in the etiology of several illnesses, including cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, this has been under-explored in population-level studies.

Methods: Using Cox proportional hazard models we studied the association between long-term exposure to UFP (predicted via recently developed land use regression models) and incident cardiovascular disease in the Dutch arm of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer cohort (EPIC-NL), which contains 33,831 Dutch residents. Hazard ratios (HR) for UFP were compared to HRs for more routinely monitored air pollutants, including PM$_{10}$, PM$_{coarse}$, PM$_{2.5}$, PM$_{2.5}$ absorbance, NO$_{x}$, and NO$_{2}$. Joint-pollutant effects were also evaluated in two-pollutant models.

Results: Long-term exposure to UFP was associated with increased HRs for all incident cardiovascular disease (HR = 1.18 per 10,000 particles/cm$_{3}$, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.34), myocardial infarction (HR = 1.34, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.79), and heart failure (HR = 1.76, 95% CI: 1.17, 2.66). Positive associations were also observed for NO2 (HR for heart failure = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.48 per 20 μg/m$^{3}$) and coarse PM (HR for all CVD = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.45 per 10 μg/m$^{3}$). CVD was not positively associated with PM$_{2.5}$ (HR for all CVD = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.75, 1.28 per 5 μg/m$^{3}$). HRs for UFP and cerebrovascular diseases were positive, but not significant. In two-pollutant models (UFP + NO$_{2}$ and UFP + PM$_{coarse}$), positive associations tended to remain for UFP, while HRs for PM$_{coarse}$ and NO$_{2}$ generally attenuated towards the null.

Conclusions: These findings strengthen the overall evidence that UFP exposure plays an important role in cardiovascular health and that risks of ambient air pollution, based on conventional air pollution metrics, may underestimate the true population risk.ment data and biological responses as viability (AlamarBlue assay), cytotoxicity (LDH release), and release of cytokines during long-term exposure are reported.


From the systematic perspective,the relationship among protection of water environment,the function of water conservancy project and function of tourism of water conservancy scenic spots was introduced.The characteristics of the water conservancy scenic spots were analyzed,and they included the particularity of system factors,the multiplicity of the system function and the frangibility of the system.Some countermeasures were proposed for the sustainable development of water conservancy scenic spots as follows: tourism planning based on the systematic perspective,tourism development based on development rules of system factors,innovation of investment mechanism and improvement of management system.


The design of micro-mobility management protocols stands out as an important challenge in integrating wireless networks into the IP-based Internet, especially when such networks are deployed for real-time multimedia applications. We present a new hierarchical model for micro-mobility management with quality of service (QoS) capability for the wireless access network. The scheme includes an anchor selection and anchor optimization algorithm with QoS support, and efficient techniques for intra-anchor handoff, inter-anchor handoff, and paging management. In addition to QoS support, the proposed scheme has the advantages of robustness, scalability, load balancing and fast handoff. Simulation results of our model indicate that it provides good handoff performance in the presence of multiple QoS classes of applications.


ABSTRACT This research was designed to achieve the objective of measuring the influence of consumer expectation and retail marketing mix on store loyalty and store image which are mediated by customer satisfaction. Four hypotheses describing the influence of those variables have been tested using regression analysis. Primary data were collected using a questionnaires from sample respondents of Giant Hypermarket consumers in Bogor. The instrument has been tested to measure construct validity and reliability, confirmatory factor analysis and Cronbach Alpha methods were used. This research also tested the role of consumer satisfaction as a mediating variable between consumer expectation and retail marketing mix on the one hand and store loyalty and store image on the other hand. The results show that consumer satisfaction is justified as a full mediator and partial mediator. Implications and limitations are also presented. Key words: customer expectation, retail marketing mix application, customer satisfaction, store loyalty, store image, retail consumer.


: - This paper addresses the problem of evaluating e-governance performance. E-governance is a multifaceted concept that refers to the implementation of information and communication technologies for improving collective governance. However, there is a lack of effective methods for measuring the added value of this novel electronic environment. In this context, the established GRAI architecture is applied in order to define appropriate performance indicators for e-governance. The GRAI Grid is initially designed with all the components of e-governance and the analysis of performance indicators follows, which are the metrics for evaluation purposes.


Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this chapter is to provide an overview of the research presented in this edited volume.

Design/Methodology
This report is based on 13 chapters, which vary in terms of research approach, design, and method, yet aims to present different types of diversity in organizations.

Findings
The chapters shed light on existing practices promulgating the value of diversity, while opening the road toward diverse definitions of diversity. Contributors provide a critical reflection of the current discourse on different types of diversity around the world. Findings indicate that multinational organizations are regularly confronted with the absence of the necessary sensitivity on behalf of their top management team and spokespeople. Empirical studies advocate strategies that could potentially facilitate both organizations and immigrants to overcome a plethora of challenges.

Originality
The report summarizes and integrates novel insights on how organizations approach, view, and manage different types of diversity.


An insight into the design and installation of the new ultrasonic gas meter which recently won the prestigious MacRobert Award for innovation in engineering. It was developed by British Gas R&T in collaboration with Gill Electronic R&D. The review is based on a recent presentation to the Yorkshire Gas Association by Mike Kitchen of British Gas.


The aim of this paper is to consider Leibniz algebras, whose principal ideals are finite dimensional. We prove that the derived ideal of L has finite dimension if every principal ideal of a Leibniz algebra L has dimension at most b, where b is a fixed positive integer.


The oxygen -enriched air( 25% O2) is produced with membrane separation technology. The application,investment and economic returns of the technology in FCMP production for combustion aid are discussed.


Pandemic action of Clinical pathogens is global and has done a lot of harm to human biological systems even in developing resistance to most antibiotics. This research revealed studies on the antibacterial effect of Silver-Zinc Oxide Nanocomposite (Ag-ZnO NC) as a potential antibacterial agent on selected bacterial isolates of clinical origin. Ag and ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized separately using chemical reduction method, followed by calcination at 300oC for 3 hours. The synthesized nanocomposite was characterized using Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). SEM and TEM elucidated the surface morphology and confirmed that the synthesized Ag-ZnO NC was truncated rod in shape and has 11 to 56 nm size in diameter, XRD indicates the well-defined crystallinity hexagonal wurtzite structure. Antibacterial assessment (zone of inhibition of Ag-ZnO (ZI) and minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)) was carried out on test organisms (Streptococcus spp, Citrobacterfreundii, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). These bacteriostat results of Ag-ZnO NC gave 31mm and 15mm ZI for MRSA and Streptococcus spp respectively and percentage growth (MIC) of Ag-ZnO NC were at 158.1 and 0.143 at 50% and 0.048828125% respectively for Streptococcus spp showing an improved clinical antibactericidal properties which can be used against the growth of microbes and in diverse medicine practices for preventing pathogenic action of microbes and curing of diseases. Keywords: anti-microbial agent; silver-zinc oxide nanocomposite; bacteriostat; calcination; minimum inhibitory concentration.


We prove that if $X$ is a quasi-normed space which possesses an infinite countable dimensional subspace with a separating dual, then it admits a strictly weaker Hausdorff vector topology. Such a topology is constructed explicitly. As an immediate consequence, we obtain an improvement of a well-known result of Kalton-Shapiro and Drewnowski by showing that a quasi-Banach space contains a basic sequence if and only if it contains an infinite countable dimensional subspace whose dual is separating. We also use this result to highlight a new feature of the minimal quasi-Banach space constructed by Kalton. Namely, which all of its $\aleph_0$-dimensional subspaces fail to have a separating family of continuous linear functionals.


Combining ability and heterosis were studied in a 7x7 diallel set of bread wheat. Analysis of variance revealed that mean squares due to genotypes, parents and F1 crosses, were highly significant for all studied characters. The mean squares due to both general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining abilities were highly significant for all studied characters. Significant and highly significant desirable heterosis relative to the better parent was recorded in all studied characters. The maximum useful heterosis (78.05%) was observed in grain yield/plant for the cross (P4xP7). Many hybrids showed desirable significant or highly significant specific combining ability effects for all studied traits, except days to 50% heading and plant height. The genetic relationships among the seven parental genotypes were investigated using 10 RAPD primers. The highest similarity index was found between P5 and P6, while the lowest similarity index was found between P2 and P6. Among the studied parents, five out of seven, were characterized by 13 negative and 2 positive unique markers. Non significant correlations were observed between genetic distance with both of the amount of heterosis and SCA as well as between heterosis with SCA for grain yield/plant.


UGT287 IS RESPONSIBLE FOR HEPATIC GLUCURONIDATION OF DIETHYLSTILBESTROL (DES) AND DES IN TURN POTENTLY INHIBITS CATALYTIC ACTIVITIES OF MANY UGT ENZYMES


Since British settlers landed in 1788, Aboriginal sites in the area around Port Jackson (now Sydney Harbour) have been commented upon and recorded. Unfortunately, during the building of Sydney and its suburbs, unknown numbers of sites were destroyed and disturbed before they could be recorded. The impact on sites came (and still comes) from many different activities. Despite these destructive activities, recent research and cultural resource management projects,1 as well as recordings by other interested persons, demonstrate that many sites stil1 exist around Port Jackson.


Research in Computational Linguistics is dependent on text corpora for training and testing new tools and methodologies. While there exists a plethora of annotated linguistic information, these corpora are often not interoperable without significant manual work. Moreover, these annota-tions might have evolved into different versions, making it challenging for researchers to know the data's provenance. This paper addresses this issue with a case study on event annotated corpora and by creating a new, more interoperable representation of this data in the form of nanopublications. We demonstrate how linguistic annotations from separate corpora can be reliably linked from the start, and thereby be accessed and queried as if they were a single dataset. We describe how such nanopublications can be created and demonstrate how SPARQL queries can be performed to extract interesting content from the new representations. The queries show that information of multiple corpora can be retrieved more easily and effectively because the information of different corpora is represented in a uniform data format.


In this paper we evaluate the probability of detection and the probability of false alarm for an OFDM pulse over AWGN channel. This type of pulse is useful for indoor location systems using ultrasounds due to the ability to accurately measure the time of flight by pulse detection while transmitting some data. Moreover, we can avoid the RF auxiliary channel by using an OFDM-based sync. The probability of OFDM pulse detection over white Gaussian noise will be presented as function of the probability of false alarm when a threshold technique is employed at the receiver. Furthermore, the pulse detection probability will be compared with a chirp pulse.


The use of immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies (mABs) against programmed death-1 (PD-1) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) has revolutionized treatment in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Pembrolizumab, nivolumab, and atezolizumab were initially approved by the FDA for treatment of NSCLC in the second-line setting based on improvements in overall survival (OS) compared to docetaxel, as summarized in Table 1. Notably, patients with NSCLC with molecular alterations in EGFR and ALK were permitted to enroll in these trials if their tumors had progressed on prior tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy; however, OS benefit was not seen in these patients based on subgroup analyses (1-4). FDA approval for the anti-PD-L1 agent pembrolizumab in NSCLC was based on the Phase II/III KEYNOTE-010 study, which randomized patients with previously treated advanced NSCLC and PD-L1 expression via tumor proportion score (TPS) ≥1% to pembrolizumab at low dose (2 mg/kg), pembrolizumab at high dose (10 mg/kg) or docetaxel (3). Pooled OS at 3.5 years of patients receiving either dose of pembrolizumab and with PD-L1 TPS ≥1% was 11.8 months, compared to 8.4 months among patients who received chemotherapy [hazard ratio (HR) 0.69, 95% CI, 0.60 to 0.80]. Median OS was particularly higher in patients with PD-L1 TPS ≥50%, with median OS 16.9 months in this population (5). Based on the success of immunotherapy in the secondline setting, use of checkpoint inhibitors were subsequently evaluated in the front-line setting, both as single agents and in combination with chemotherapy. KEYNOTE-024 evaluated the role of pembrolizumab monotherapy in the first-line setting for patients with metastatic NSCLC, PD-L1 TPS ≥50% expression and lacking EGFR or ALK activating mutations (6). Based on the results of this study which showed a significantly greater objective response rate (ORR), greater PFS as well as improved median OS (Table 1) in patients receiving pembrolizumab monotherapy versus cytotoxic chemotherapy (7), single-agent pembrolizumab received FDA approval for first-line therapy for patients wi th NSCLC and PD-L1 TPS ≥50%. Simi lar ly, atezolizumab as a single-agent has also been approved for treatment of NSCLC with PD-L1 TPS ≥50% or tumorinfiltrating immune cells ≥10% of tumor area, based on results of IMpower110 showing improved OS relative to platinum based chemotherapy (Table 1) (8). Furthermore, multiple studies have led to the approval of front-l ine chemotherapy plus immunotherapy combination regimens in patients with NSCLC without activating mutations. In KEYNOTE-189, pembrolizumab in combination with platinum/pemetrexed resulted in improved ORR, improved median PFS, and improved median OS compared to platinum/pemetrexed in nonsquamous NSCLC regardless of PD-L1 TPS (Table 1) (9,10). Similarly, results from IMpower150 showed that the regimen of ABCP (atezolizumab, bevacizumab, carboplatin, paclitaxel) also had improved PFS and improved OS regardless of PD-L1 staining compared to carboplatin, paclitaxel and bevacizumab (Table 1) (11). Patients with squamous NSCLC were evaluated in KEYNOTE-407, where pembrolizumab in combination with platinum/ taxane also showed improved median PFS and median Editorial Commentary


A luminescent organic–inorganic ferroelectric, with a high Curie temperature (421 K), a high PL QY (88.52%) and excellent film forming ability, can be regarded as a very interesting multifunctional material for fabricating new optoelectronic devices.


The specific adsorption behavior of iron(III) complexes of 5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin (H2TPP) at the dodecane/water interface has been determined by means of the high-speed stirring method in systems including hydrochloric acid, perchloric acid, nitric acid and sodium thiocyanate as the aqueous phases. In the systems of perchloric acid and nitric acid, Fe(TPP)Cl, which was initially dissolved in the dodecane phase, was transformed to the µ-oxo dimer, [Fe(TPP)]2O, after stirring. The adsorptivity of [Fe(TPP)]2O is more pronounced at pH 4. It was postulated that the interfacial species, [{Fe(TPP)}2(OH)(H2O)]+, was reversibly formed by the reaction between [Fe(TPP)]2O and H3O+ at lower pH. The interfacial absorptivity of the iron(III) porphyrin complexes decreased in the order [{Fe(TPP)}2(OH)(H2O)]+Fe(TPP)Cl > [Fe(TPP)]2O > Fe(TPP)(SCN). The adsorption constants of these species and the formation constants of [{Fe(TPP)}2(OH)(H2O)]+ were determined from the observed adsorption isotherms and the pH dependences.


Organometallic catalysts are useful in lab research, and some are used industrially. They generally don't work well in living cells. But researchers have now assembled an artificial enzyme with an organometallic active site in bacteria and coaxed it to catalyze an industrially relevant reaction that has never occurred before in live cells. They also used directed evolution, a lab mimic of natural evolution, to optimize and customize the catalyst in vivo. The work could lead to the use of living cells as molecular factories to produce high-value chemical products they would not normally make. Thomas Ward of the University of Basel, Sven Panke of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, and coworkers carried out the study (Nature 2016, DOI: 10.1038/nature19114). The team's aim was to create a synthetic metalloenzyme that could catalyze olefin metathesis—a Nobel Prize-honored reaction that rearranges carbon-carbon double bonds—in living cells. To accomplish this, the researchers


To study the dissolution stability of different soybean peptide-calcium complexes(SP-Ca)which were made of different soybean peptides,the content of solids and peptides of SP-Ca solution were determined before centrifugation and after centrifugation,respectively.The composition of sediment gained after the centrifugation was also analyzed.At last,the influence on the gel formation which was caused by UHT treatment of different concentrations of SP-Ca solution was studied.The results showed that the dissolution stability of the SP-Ca solutions made of different soybean peptides was significantly different.The BML-Ca solution was still clear at the 500mg/mL concentration.After UHT treatment,the gel formed at the 300~500mg/mL concentration of the solution.So the soybean peptide-calcium complexes BML-Ca was the best choice for the preparation of oral liquid products,and the best concentration was 200~300mg/mL.


The article describes etiopathogenesis of diabetic ketoacidosis. The analysis of the reasons of hospitalization of patients with diabetes decompensation is carried out. Ways ofprophylaxis of the given condition are offered.


The study examined the experience of students majoring in hospitality and tourism management who attended an annual career fair sponsored by the department. The purpose of this study was to ascertain student attitudes regarding their perception of the value of attending career fairs and the recruiting efforts conducted. Questionnaires were completed by students upon departing the career fair. It was found that most students agreed that participation in the career fair increased student knowledge about their specific areas of interest. It was found that student interest in hospitality and tourism careers increased as a result of attendance at the career fair. Different patterns of career fair attendance were found among different demographic groups.


Due to the limited energy resources of sensor node, energy conservation has become one of the key in the design of route in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). In this paper, we propose a distance clustering routing algorithm considering energy (DCE), which selects cluster heads and construct multi-hop route according to the distance factor and the energy factor. Simulation results show that DCE can save energy and the saving energy can contribute to prolonging the network lifetime. Compared with LEACH, DCE has a better performance in energy consumption and network lifetime.


As the development of information communication technology and thus the growth of security incidents, there has been increasing demand on developing methodologies and tools for measuring the information security level of organizations for the efficient security management. However, most works from foreign countries are not realistic in constructing the checklists, moreover their tools provide neither the ease of use nor the inexpensiveness, and most domestic works are not properly considering the characteristics of the organizations when measuring the information security level. In this study, an efficient information security levelling tool is suggested, which applies the multiple variable weights for security levelling according to the characteristics of organizations and the fuzzy technique to reduce the user's subjectivity and the genetic algorithm to establish the security countermeasure.


In recent years the Andina University of Cusco, being a generator and attract pole of trips, increased the activities carried out in the area surrounding it, negatively affecting pedestrian mobility in the road system. The importance of the study highlights the priority that the pedestrian has as the main user within the road system, the comfort and safety that should be provided in its circulation. The focus of the research is of a mixed character, of descriptive level being its transversal non-experimental research design; the information was collected through pedestrian and vehicle gauging cards at certain points; in order to evaluate each component of the road system, its condition and functionality of the current infrastructure of pedestrian and vehicular accesses, the whereabouts and control systems, in the same way the incidence of user behavior. The results obtained were: 1) Pedestrian accesses are not adequate, with a pedestrian level of service (LOS) until D, accessibility for vulnerable pedestrians bad, as well as spaces, comfort and safety are inefficient; 2) The LOS at the vehicular accesses are: at intersections with B and non-traffic signals, it varies between A - E; 3) That the bus stop need to be extended and relocated because the accessibility of their sidewalk has LOS C; 4) The use of parking space is greater than 60% in the surrounding area, despite being restricted areas for this function; 5) The control systems are scarce and inefficient. It was concluded that pedestrian mobility should be prioritized in the area surrounding the Andina University of Cusco, improving the pedestrian LOS as it has been proposed, prioritizing the accesses from the stops, trails and Las Gardenias street, obtaining levels A and B.


A new coelomycetous fungus Exosporodiella phoenixesa gen. et spec, nov., has been described and illustrated from the leaves of Phoenix from India.


SkipSim is an offline simulator that enables Skip Graph-based algorithms to be simulated, while preserving their scalability and decentralized behavior. In this demo paper, we present SkipSim configuration, and a sample demo scenario.


The present invention relates to influenza vaccine formulations and vaccination regimes for immunising against influenza disease. In particular the invention relates to vaccine formulations comprising an oil-in-water emulsion adjuvant and optionally 3D-MPL, their use in medicine, in particular their use in augmenting immune responses to influenza antigens, and to methods of preparation, wherein the oil in water emulsion comprises a sterol, a metabolisable oil and an emulsifying agent.


Software testing is very important for ensuring software quality in organizations. In fact, the quality of test suite plays an important role for the success of software testing .Ant colony optimization (ACO) which is a part of Swarm Intelligence is used to settle optimization problem. This paper attempts to provide ideas of Test Case Selection and Prioritization which Ant Colony Optimization which can be helpful for the researchers who are working on software testing. There is a great expectation in the field of Swarm Intelligence as it always comes with a challenging thought. ACO is one of such promising approaches for its application in Software Testing.


The last twenty years have seen the emergence in Latin America of two religious trends that challenge the traditional Catholic culture. These are the Catholic comunidades eclesiales de base (base communities or CEBs) and Protestant pentecostal religious groups. The author examines the ways in which women's experiences in CEBs and pentecostal groups may change their gender attitudes and roles and describes the new forms of symbolic and participatory opportunities for women within each group. Do women respond to these opportunities by demanding greater access to traditionally male roles in the religious and public spheres? On the other hand, do women tend to gain greater stature and authority in their more traditional roles within the family as a result of their participation in religious groups? The author finds that while both CEB and pentecostal women reconceptualize gender roles, the two religious settings produce different outcomes. Due to the heterogeneity of available sources and methods, the analysis offers necessarily tentative conclusions. It does yield interesting and suggestive contrasts between the two religious groups, however, which can inform both theory and future empirical research.


The main properties of n-th order power filtering in the fractional Fourier domain and its relationship to the differentiation operation are considered. The application of power filtering for solving the phase retrieval problem is proposed.


Three major dolomite types including micrite dolomite,grainy dolomite(with original texture)and crystalline dolomite, occur in the Feixianguan Formation of Triassic,Eastern Sichuan of China,in which the crystalline dolomite is the most important gas reservoir.Based on the strontium concentration,isotope composition of the dolomites,the dolomitization fluids were accordingly inferred here.The three types of dolomite have similar strontium content with higher ~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr ratios to some extent than that of the coeval seawater.The difterenee of distribution coefficient of Sr in calcite(or aragonite)and dolomite is the most important control factor on the strontium content in dolomites.Calculation by strontium mixing equation of seawater with meteoric water shows that the dolomitization fluid for crystalline dolomite is mixed by 94% meteoric water and 6% seawater;the fluid for grainy dolomite(with original texture)is mixed by 81% meteoric water and 19% seawater,and that for micrite dolomite is mixed by 92% meteoric water and 8% seawater.However,very low Mn contents(average 19.8ppm),relatively high Sr contents(average 137ppm)and the homogenization temperatures measured in fluid inclusions of crystalline dolomite do not support the hypothesis that meteoric water as high as 94% involved the dolomitization.The dolomitization fluid for this kind of dolomite was probably the trapped coeval seawater (with the age of 242 to 245Ma),which may have been released into the dolomite horizon through unidentified pathways.The Mn and Sr contents,as well as ~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr ratios of the mierite dolomite and grainy dolomite(with original texture)suggest the existence of meteoric water during the dolomitization.The mechanism of dolomitization for mierite dolomite could be explained by evaporative pumping,and that for grainy dolomite(with original texture)explained by mixing-zone model.


Since February 2022, the conflict between Ukraine and Russia has exacerbated the global energy crisis resulting from COVID-19. The war has disrupted world energy trade and pushed energy prices surged significantly. This paper tends to analyse the effects of the war on energy security and policies and provide some feasible coping strategies, mainly from a European perspective. It is expected that the analysis of the issue could assist policymakers in combining short- and long-term strategies when making relevant energy policies. In summary, two possible energy policy directions from which European countries may choose involve focusing national energy security and accelerating energy transition. Nevertheless, this research suggest that it is better to combine short-term and long-term energy policies to mitigate current crisis and reduce energy vulnerability in future. Feasible energy strategies involve postponing the phase-out of coal, stricter conservation requirements in housing and transportation sectors, accelerating the deployment of renewable energy, increasing energy efficiency, and mandating obligation to increase energy storage. Moreover, EU member states should cooperate to respond to the current, otherwise, it will cause serious social and political issues.


Socioeconomic and clinical factors are closely associated with long-term disease outcomes in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). There is increasing evidence for holistic, targeted management of people with RA, including at first presentation. This study aimed to determine how people with, and those involved in the treatment of RA, benefit from personalised care packages and treatment programmes.

 An online survey was developed by an expert panel comprising physicians, psychologists, epidemiologists and patients, following three multidisciplinary workshops which included patients. Questions were designed to evaluate participants' views on multidisciplinary Team (MDT) involvement in the care of patients at early-stage RA and onwards. The online survey underwent extensive revisions by patients and clinicians, before dissemination to patients and healthcare professionals (HCPs) in the UK.

 We received 41 complete responses: 23 (57.5%) rheumatology consultants/trainees, seven (17.5%) rheumatology specialist nurses, five (12.5%) occupational therapists, three (7.5%) physiotherapists, one dietician (2.5%) and one patient (2.5%). 82.9% of respondents agreed that people with RA need access to the same "early" care package (comprising a core MDT) at time of diagnosis. On subsequent clinical reviews, 85.4% of respondents agreed that the care package for people with early RA may need to be tailored to an individual's clinical, psychological and social needs. 58.5% of respondents confirmed that a standard core packaging with input from a consultant rheumatologist, clinical nurse specialist/patient educator, general practitioner and pharmacist is appropriate for patients with early RA, irrespective of patient or disease-related factors; 36.6% disagreed and 4.9% were unsure. Of those disagreeing with this statement, 36.7% agreed not all of these healthcare professionals are relevant to patient care at time of diagnosis, whilst 53.3% gave another reason and 10% were unsure. 68.3% of participants suggested additional involvement of 1-6 MDT members in patient care, specifically occupational therapists, physiotherapists and psychologists. Other posited that primary care may be included occasionally, and additional MDT members' expertise in early disease may be overwhelming and require frequent review. There was strong agreement (median 10/10 on Likert scale) for the following two statements: 'A care package with core members of the multidisciplinary rheumatology team need to be available to people newly diagnosed with RA'; 'Personalised comprehensive care packages, comprising a core plus various additional members of the multidisciplinary team, need to be offered and adapted according to a person's individual disease characteristics and socio-economic circumstances'.

 HCPs caring for people with RA overwhelmingly agree with a tailored MDT involvement from an early stage of disease, reviewed regularly and adapted. Care packages need to be personalised to account for bio-psycho-social factors. HCPs need to acknowledge that the "ideal" care package may vary markedly between patients to maximise impact and benefit for patients.
 Disclosure
 M. Dey: None. A.D. Busby: None. H. Lempp: None. E. Nikiphorou: None.


A complete understanding of the mass assembly history of structures in the universe requires the study of the growth of galaxies and their supermassive black holes (SMBHs) as a function of their local environment over cosmic time. In this context, it is important to quantify the effects that the early stages of galaxy cluster development have on the growth of SMBHs. We used a sample of Herschel/SPIRE sources of $\sim$ 228 red and compact Planck-selected protocluster (PC) candidates to estimate the active galactic nuclei (AGN) fraction from a large sample of galaxies within these candidates. We estimate the AGN fraction by using the mid-infrared (mid-IR) photometry provided by the WISE/AllWISE data of $\sim650$ counterparts at high redshifts. We created an AllWISE mid-IR colour-colour selection using a clustering machine learning algorithm and two {\it WISE} colour cuts using the 3.4 $\mu m$ (W1), 4.6 $\mu m$ (W2) and 12 $\mu m$ (W3) passbands, to classify sources as AGN. We also compare the AGN fraction in PCs with that in the field to better understand the influence of the environment on galaxy development. We found an AGN fraction of $f_{AGN} = 0.113 \pm 0.03$ in PC candidates and an AGN fraction of $f_{AGN} = 0.095 \pm 0.013$ in the field. We also selected a subsample of `red' SPIRE subsample with a higher overdensity significance, obtaining $f_{AGN} = 0.186 \pm 0.044$, versus $f_{AGN} = 0.037 \pm 0.010$ of `non-red sources', consistent with higher AGN fractions for denser environments. We conclude that our results point towards a higher AGN fraction in PCs, similar to other studies.


Abstract. The purpose of image steganalysis is to detect whether the secret information is hidden in the image. The current advanced adaptive steganography algorithm hides the secret information in the complex area of the image texture. However, it is difficult for the image steganalysis model to capture enough noise residual, which makes the detection ability of the model insufficient. To further improve the detection ability of the spatial image steganalysis model, a U-Net-based auxiliary information generation network is first constructed to increase the size of noise residual in the image so that the model can capture more favorable information. Besides, the spatial and channel attention mechanisms are fused to guide the model to pay more attention to the regions of the image that are globally favorable for steganalysis. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed model, experiments are conducted on the BOSSbase-v1.01 dataset through advanced spatial adaptive steganography algorithms S-UNIWARD and WOW. The experimental results show that the proposed model can improve the detection accuracy by up to 4.5% compared with the current optimal deep learning-based spatial image steganalysis models SR-Net and Siamese-Net.


Objective To explore the application value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)in diagnosis of traumatic patients with atypical lesions in spleen.Methods Forty-three patients were found with lesions in spleen by ultrasonography,then CEUS was performed on traumatic patients who were difficult to identify,the changes of dynamic contrast-enhanced process in early and late stage were observed,and the characteristics of CEUS were analyzed.Results In 43 cases of atypical lesions in spleen,the conventional ultrasonic appearances were as follow:there were 25 cases of low level echo,5 cases of high level echo,6 cases of echoless,7 cases of mixture echo,and there were 14 cases with clear edge,29 cases with unclear edge.While the CEUS appearances were as follow:there were 27 cases of hematoma,6 cases of hemangioma,2 cases of leaflet spleen,3 cases of congenital notch spleen,5 cases of aneurysm.There were 35 cases of spleen lesions diagnosed correctly by conventional ultrasound,42 cases diagnosed correctly by CEUS,and 1 case of non total perfusion hemangioma was misdiagnosed as hematoma.Conclusion CEUS has important value in diagnosis of atypical lesions in patients with spleen trauma.


AbstractA project delivery system (PDS) defines the relationship and timing of involvement between different contracting parties in construction. Using data from 109 projects, this paper statistica...


The rapid increase of desertification's degradation is one of the worst environmental and economic threats for dry areas. Climate changes, very year impacts thousands of areas across the globe. The high cost of electricity and diesel-based fuel affects photovoltaic water pumping requirements for irrigation in many parts of the world. Solar irradiance in every dry place is extremely high due the drought increase. Thus, using solar energy for water pumping is a promising alternative sources of energy. Undertaking irrigation for a particular place and crop requires not only skills in the irrigation planning but also in the power requirement of the entire system. A reliable and accurate estimation of ET rate and irrigation water requirement (IWR) are soundly important in irrigation field. This sought to accurately estimate the irrigation power requirement by using PVsyst software on nine different pumps technologies combinations with different type of converters at 100m, 150m, 180m, and 200m of Total dynamic Head (TDH). The study has been conducted in four sections, the first section dealt with the assessment of the collected data, the second section with the simulations, the third one with the irrigation water requirement and finally irrigation water requirement. The results found in study show that IPR of a crop is majorly depend on the TDH. Among the nine combinations, results show that the Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) technology is the best in terms of power requirement of selected the crop. Furthermore, the maximum and minimum values of the irrigation water requirement for millet crop was found to be 12.9 mm/day and 4.9mm/day respectively.


Solitary trichoepithelioma (TE) is a rare, benign tumor of follicular origin that in certain cases is difficult to differentiate from basal cell carcinoma (BCC). We report the case of an 8-year-old girl with a pale pink, soft lesion on the neck. The clinical image of the lesion was equivocal, while some dermoscopic findings—blue-gray globules and arborizing vessels—could not exclude the presence of BCC from the differential diagnosis, although that would have been a very unlikely case considering the age of the patient. The histopathologic examination established the diagnosis of TE. Given the occasion of this challenging case we try to list the key clinical, dermoscopic and histopathological characteristics of TE and BCC in order to elucidate the differential diagnosis of these two entities.


In recent years, case studies revealed that not only rigid defense structures, but also organizational measures can significantly reduce the damage due to flood events (Bezzola & Hegg 2008). However, organizational measures require preparation time right before an event occurs. It is therefore crucial to have early warning systems available that predict the expected hazard situation as reliable as possible.


Objectives: Sintered porous clay for possible as a water filter was fabricated from clay and zeolite mixtures (50:50 ratio weight by weight) with adding of rice husk charcoal as porous template. Methods/Statistical Analysis: The effect of particle size ( 250 µm) and amount (25, 35, and 50 wt%) of rice husk charcoal and sintering temperature (800, 900, and 10000C) for linear shrinkage, density, water absorption, compressive strength, and functional groups on sintered mixture clays were investigated. The FTIR and SEM were also used for characterization of sintered porous clays. Findings: The results showed that the water absorption and the open porosity increased with increasing amount and size of rice husk charcoal, while the density and compressive strength decreased. However, these properties are inverse as increasing of sintering temperature from 800 to 10000C. The results of FTIR and SEM confirmed occurring of glassy form, high open porosity and macropore in sintered mixture clays. The study results could be concluded that the mixtures of rice husk charcoal and clays with ratios 25 wt% rice husk charcoal for 250 µm size : 37.5 wt% Thapo clay : 37.5 wt% zeolite at 800-1000 0C sintering temperature are suitable for water filter fabrication with values of 30.44-42.80 %porosity and 3349.94-4629.66 kN/m2 of compressive strength. Application/ Improvements: Rice husk charcoal was used as template for water filter fabrication at 800-10000C sintering temperature which values of porosity and compressive strength are according to traditional water filter manufacture standards.
Keywords: Porous Ceramic, Rice Husk Charcoal, Thapo Clay, Water Filter, Zeolite


A solid body of evidence has accumulated over the past 20 years confirming the critical role of cerebrovascular disease in Alzheimer disease (AD) and other dementias of the aged.1–6 Most recently, data from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center7 demonstrated the presence of vascular pathology in 79.9% of 4,629 brains from patients with neuropathologically confirmed AD. Lesions included atherosclerosis in the circle of Willis, arteriosclerotic leukoencephalopathy, arteriolosclerosis, large infarcts, lacunes, multiple microinfarcts, and hemorrhages. Notably, cerebral amyloid angiopathy was present in less than half of the brains (40.8%). Given the absence of an effective treatment to halt the progression of AD, the current emphasis is on dementia prevention by appropriate treatment of vascular risk factors for stroke.8,9 Once stroke occurs, optimal treatment of the acute ictus with prompt restoration of flow in the occluded vessels improves the cognitive outcome. In contrast, stroke complications such as aspiration pneumonia, hypoxemia, seizures, hypotension, or cardiac arrhythmias increase the risk of poststroke cognitive impairment 4-fold.10


For nearly two decades the leaders of the People`s Republic of China (PR) have reaffirmed at every opportunity that China`s national strategy is economic development, with the highest priorities being given to the modernization of agriculture, industry, science and technology, and defense. These {open_quotes}four modernizations{close_quotes} are the critical components of a strategy for achieving comprehensive security and balanced development within a peaceful and reasonably secure environment. Because this strategy results in whole sectors of society and various geographical regions being slighted, achieving leadership consensus to implement policies involves difficult compromises and horse trading, sometimes only achieved under the pressure of external events.


This work was included in the study of the degenerative complications of diabetes in the Moroccan diabetic in terms of descriptive and analytical epidemiology.We showed that among 732 patients (366 cases with complication (s) and 366 controls) eligible, 41.2% had retinopathy and 28.4 % had diabetic neuropathy, while 26.2% had cardiovascular complications. In the multivariate analysis, a higher risk of degenerative complications was observed among women with low economic status (OR, adj = 11.36, 95% CI 5.59 to 23.25), women having forgotten the their treatment (Adj. OR = 3.42, 95% CI 1.29-9.09), urban women (adj. OR = 3.97, 95% CI 0.04 - 0.17), Women with a very high level of stress (adj. OR 2.94, 95% CI 1.00 to 8.63), and overweight women (adj. OR = 2.50, 95% CI 1.12 to 5.53 ). However, for men, in the unadjusted analysis, low socio-economic and occupational inactivity were increased the risk of degenerative complication. Overweight men [5.96 (95% CI: 1.61-22.10)], with dyslipidemia [3.09 (95% CI: 1.51-6.33)] and patients treated with a general practitioner [4.57 (95% CI: 1.24 to 16.82)] had a higher risk of degenerative complications. These results are useful for any prevention program, particularly for the early detection of degenerative complications.


The novel spectrometer here scans the path difference that is introduced between two beams that are produced with wavefront division by variation of angle of incidence on a reflection lamellar grating of fixed groove depth--not variation of groove depth at normal incidence, which is impractical for the near infrared owing to friction. Performance of a shallow groove grating is presented, and performance of a deep groove grating is predicted. An application of transparent lamellar gratings, with telescope objectives, is described.


Objective: Hypertension is a silent major risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebro-vascular disease (CVD) related morbidity & mortality. The objectives of the study were to measure the prevalence of doctor diagnosed hypertension (DDH), undiagnosed hypertension and assessment of the associations of socio-demographic and behavioral factors. Design and Method: WHO classification of hypertension and gradations were used in the cross sectional study of 5347 adults of an established urban longitudinal population cohort of West Bengal, India. Information gathered from pre-tested questionnaire, anthropometry and brachial arterial blood pressure obtained with electronic sphygmomanometer. Results: Among the participants, 2083 (38.96%) were male and 3264 (61.04%) were female. 1712 (32.05%) were hypertensive, 1039 (19.48%) had DDH out of which 963 (92.69%) were on medications. Among DDH, 512 (49.28%) were uncontrolled hypertensives while majority on treatment .Undiagnosed hypertensives were 664 (12.42%). Increasing age is associated with DDH [AOR = 1.08, 95% CI: (1.08–1.09), p < .0001] and overall hypertension [AOR = 1.09, 95% CI: (1.08–1.10), p < .0001]. Ex-smokers and ex-drinkers were associated with DDH [AOR = 1.60, 95% CI: (1.15–2.22), p = 0.0055] and [AOR = 1.74, 95% CI: (1.14–2.63), p = 0.0096] respectively. Always snorers were associated with DDH [AOR = 2.05, 95% CI: (1.71–2.47), p < .0001] and overall hypertension [AOR = 1.71, 95% CI: (1.44–2.02), p < .0001]. Obese persons were associated with DDH [AOR = 3.21, 95% CI: (2.48–4.16), p < .0001] and overall hypertension [AOR = 2.85, 95% CI: (2.44–3.63), p < .0001]. Participants consuming additional salt always [AOR = 1.85, 95% CI: (1.45–2.36), p < .0001] or sometimes [AOR = 1.66, 95% CI: (1.25–2.20), p = 0.0005] with food were associated with undiagnosed hypertension. Conclusions: Nearly one third of the adult cohort was hypertensive and one fifth was doctor diagnosed. Half of DDH remained uncontrolled while 93% being on treatment. Majority of risk factors noted were reversible therefore targeted evidence based intervention is expected to reduce the burden of hypertension and related complications.


The fire has created tremendous damage, yet skilled fire investigators can read the fire patterns left by the fire. Through the fire patterns interpretation and analysis, fire investigators should be able to determine exactly how and where the fire or explosion started. Fire patterns can help the fire investigator trace fire movement back to the point of origin. The origin and cause investigation for is attempting to determine the first material ignited, the source of ignition, and how the two brought together to cause the ignition. The investigators should read the fire scene to establish the area of origin. In this study, through burn pattern experiments, fire behavior in the compartment, fire pattern formation mechanism, fire patterns reproducibility, fire patterns persistence through flashover and full room involvement condition, fire scene reconstruction for fire origin determination, and other fire pattern's temperature will be discussed and analyzed in depth. Burn test was conducted to recognize and analyze fire patterns created in the phase of pre flashover or post flashover in the compartment (container house). In addition, fire pattern experiments are designed to test combustible material, including polyurethane foam with a lower thermal inertia or wooden chair with a higher thermal inertia. During these experiments, through the thermocouple fire pattern's temperature will be measured in the stage of pre flashover or post flashover.


Part one of this report is intended to bring back into focus some of the facts, circumstances, and background of space exploration. A recapitulation of the flight of Apollo 11, the first lunar landing missions, provides an opportunity to introduce some of the hardware and nomenclature of the Apollo-Saturn program. An historical overview of rocketry, including the main threads of Saturn's origins, provides a background for the scope and boldness of Apollo 11 and the Saturn adventure. The management structure developed by NASA to implement the Apollo-Saturn missions is described in some detail.