Infragravity (IG) waves, sometimes known as "long waves" "low frequency waves" or "subharmonic gravity waves" are waves that are forced in deeper water through subharmonic interactions of sea and swell wave components. These waves are typically quite small (a few centimetres to decimetres) but can excite harbour seiching and amplification due to resonance. This can cause vessels to surge and sway at their berth, straining mooring lines and making loading and unloading difficult. This paper describes the design, training and application of a Bayesian regularized Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to accurately predict ("nowcast") IG wave height outside and inside Port Kembla from deep-water swell wave spectral characteristics measured at Port Kembla Waverider Buoy (PKWRB), NSW coast (Williams, 2019).


Objective:To assesss the value of CT in the diagnosis of spontaneous rupure of kidney.Methods:6 cases of spontaneous rupure of kidney confired through surgical operation were retrospectively reviewed.Results:CT can assurance rupure of kidney the cause of disease,distribution and appearance of hematoma,and to show position of rupure.Conclusion:The CT scanning is simple and quick,for majority spontaneous renal hemorrhage can make a cause of disease to learn diagnosis,providing importance basis for clinical choice treatment project.


This paper outlines recent experience of the HSE's Human Factors Team in assessing human factors issues on major hazard installations. It presents the 'Top Ten' human factors issues that have arisen out of inspection and audit of major hazard sites and from assessment of COMAH safety reports. Our involvement on major hazard sites reveals that most duty holders do not adequately address human factors. Primary weaknesses include an imbalance between hardware and human issues, and focussing on the human contribution to personal safety, rather than to the initiation and control of major accident hazards. However, following targeted inspection and awareness-raising in the industry, the prof ile of human factors and effective consideration of these issues is steadily increasing. We are beginning to see the results of these efforts ref lected in contact with sites. We will continue to work with major accident sites and industry bodies to develop and share emerging best practice.


A simplified method described in a previous report (see abstract no 90112703), has been extended to calculate the steady and unsteady lift of an arbitrary three-dimensional body and wing configurations, in which the velocity potential is expressed by the doublet distribution over body, wing and the wake. The velocity potential on a thick body is simply obtained by subtracting the interior velocity potential defined inside the body from the solution of the doublet distribution for the translating oscillation. The method is applied to study hydrodynamic interactions between body and wing configurations for steady and unsteady lifting problems. Experiments for a body of revolution with and without a pair of low aspect ratio wings are carried out for steady lift with an angle of attack and unsteady lift in heaving oscillation. Then results are compared graphically with the present theory, together with approximated calculations by equivalent wings.


The defining characteristic of theft is that it is a non-voluntary transfer of property rights. How is a price-fixing cartel similar? Cartels do not obtain wealth directly by force. Consumers voluntarily agree to pay the price that is charged. Trivially, price-fixing is not theft in the usual sense of the word. The argument is put that cartels are not theft or 'unfair'. The authors argue that in a free society, firms should be permitted to ask whatever price they wish.


The distinguishing principle of the non-steady seepage on earth-rock dams is discussed.The calculation method of the seepage lines of earth-rock dam in the operating duty of non-steady seepage is analyzed.At last,the importance of the non-steady seepage calculation of earth-rock dams is stated through the engineering examples.


---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract The main motto of any data mining process is to extract reports by the aid of semiautomatic or automatic process of analyzing large quantitative patterns from heterogeneous data sets. When large sets are co-related, well researched methodologies are required for generating strong association rules. These rules are posed depending on support or confidence measures of significance and interestingness with respect to minimum thresholds. Multi-objective heuristic algorithms are to be proposed for deriving patterns which falls under positive and negative associations. Many of the basic algorithms existing are purely derived for positive association rules by considering only one evaluation criteria, but recent data sets demand for populating negative associations for better understandability. This paper proposes a novel method for generating bit vectors for positive and negative associations. Comprehensibility, interestingness and performance are maximized by reducing the time complexity for frequent and infrequent item set generation of positive and negative association rules with more flexibility.


The subject of the study is Lermontov's historiosophy, expressed by the poet in the note "Russia has no past…" from the "Notebook presented by V. F. Odoevsky." The article's purpose is to identify the ancient Russian and folk-poetic genesis of Lermontov's note, contributing to the clarification of its semantic content. The figurative system, style and the very substantive essence of the note "Russia has no past…" was formed under the direct influence of ancient Russian texts, adaptations of literary folklore, and the experience of the poet's personal meeting with representatives of folk culture. The authors propose to consider Lermontov's sketch an allegorical figure, where the Russian Empire is likened to a mighty hero. In a brief summary of the plot, the poet reflects his understanding of the entire essence of the country's historical path. As possible sources of the note, the article names the heroic tales in V. Levshin's literary adaptation, which were popular at the turn of the 19th century, as well as the Caucasian version of the tale about Yeruslan Lazarevich, which existed among the Terek Cossacks. Analogies are drawn between Lermontov's sketch and the cycle of historical songs about the capture of Kazan, using similar allegories to reveal the theme, as well as the "Kazan History" short novel, the appeals to which are linked to the geopolitical significance of the historical event for the development of the entire old Russian state and, in particular, for the strengthening of its eastern borders. Lermontov's concept of history is based on his personal perception of historical time, and on the literary, specifically, old Russian, tradition, which is reflected both in the ancient literary monuments and in folklore, which has historical sources. In the note Lermontov looks at the world through the eyes of the people, and is the exponent of the national idea about the spiritual choice of the Russian state.


Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating disorder, which takes an incredible toll on patients, their families, and caregivers. Over 5 million older adults are currently diagnosed with AD, and this number is expected to more than double by 2050. As Xia et al. (2019) remind us, the two pathological hallmarks of AD are amyloid plaques, which are enriched with extracellular amyloid beta (Aβ), and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles, which are composed of hyperphosphorylated tau proteins. These pathological features of AD impair neuronal and synaptic function, resulting in an associated decline in cognitive abilities (Allegri et al., 2019; Mirandez et al., 2017). Despite our increased understanding of both of these pathological components of AD over the past decades, the field has still not identified pathways and associated molecules that can prevent neurodegeneration. Current therapies for AD provide some amelioration of clinical symptoms, but as Xia et al. (2019) point out, they do not prevent the continued degeneration of neuronal cells. Thus, the search for novel therapeutics continues. What is clear from the work of Xia et al. (2019) presented in the current issue of International Psychogeriatrics is that sometimes we have to revisit our past to find the best approaches in the present. In this issue, Xia et al. (2019) report on an investigation of the impact of insulin growth factor (IGF)-2 on hippocampal cells and memory function, in a mouse model of AD. The IGF systems have long been proposed to be involved in the pathogenesis of AD, but their potential therapeutic effects have been investigated in more depth only recently. Insulin-like growth factors are key players in neurogenesis and synaptogenesis. Insulin-like growth factor-1 and -2 interact with the cell's IGF receptor, activating the phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase (PI3K)/Akt (Protein Kinase B) pathway, which in turn regulates tau phosphorylation by reducing GSK3β activity (Chami et al., 2016). Not surprisingly, they have been considered to be promising candidates for the treatment of cognitive impairment in AD. Studies in rodent models of AD underscore the promise of IGF-2. When injected into the hippocampus, IGF-2 significantly enhances memory retention and persistence (Chen et al., 2011). In mice, systemic pre-treatments with IGF-2 significantly enhance the retention of working, short term, and long term memories, which are known to be impaired in AD (Stern et al., 2014). Mellott et al. (2014) administered IGF-2 to the brain of transgenic mice that begin to develop Aβ deposits by 6 months of age (APPswe.PS1dE9 AD model mice) and found a reduction in the accumulation of amyloid plaques in the hippocampus. Similarly, Pascual-Lucas et al. (2014) demonstrated in TG2576 transgenic mice that, in contrast to IGF-1, IGF-2 significantly reduced the amounts of β-amyloid and senile plaques in the hippocampus, a key brain region that subserves memory and is impaired in AD. In an investigation that both replicates and extends on the work of Pascual-Lucas et al. (2014), Xia et al. (2019) utilized the Tg2576 AD mouse model to examine the impact of IGF-2 on memory consolidation, using a Morris Water Maze. The Tg2576 mouse is among the most widely used rodent models of AD. Tg2576 is a transgenic mouse with elevated levels of Aβ and amyloid plaques due to a mutation in the amyloid precursor protein gene (Lys670 –>Asn,Met671 –>Leumutation; Swedish mutation KM670/671NL), and thus is considered a good model of AD. Xia et al. (2019) also analyzed RNA sequencing data (RNA-seq) derived from the Gene Expression Omnibus database to identify differentially expressed messenger RNAs in the Tg2576 ADmousemodel. In addition to memory consolidation, they measured cellular apoptosis as well as levels of amyloid plaques and the levels of Aβ40 and Aβ42 in the hippocampus. Consistent with the investigation of Pascual-Lucas et al. (2014), their RNA-seq analysis found IGF-2 to be significantly reduced in the Tg2576 AD mouse model. They found the expression of upstream genes PI3K and AKT and downstream gene cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) in the PI3K signaling pathway to be significantly increased in the hippocampal cells of Tg2576 mice treated with IGF-2. Further, they found that amyloid plaques were reduced, levels of Aβ40 andAβ42were decreased, and International Psychogeriatrics (2019), 31:7, 925–927 © International Psychogeriatric Association 2019


This article identifies the translation approaches adopted in the translation of names of tourist sites in China and examines how 'fame' and 'popularity' may influence these approaches. Upon analyzing a corpus of scenic site names, it is found that 'pure phonetic', 'phonetic (name) + semantic (class)', 'pure semantic', and 'phonetic (location) + semantic (name) are the four major patterns in the translations of site names. On the whole, the data shows that phonetic translation is dominant over semantic translation. Meanwhile, 'fame' and 'popularity' have great impact on the translated names of scenic sites. The findings also suggest that a phonetic translation approach is preferred in rendering names of world-famous sites whereas a semantic translation approach is more frequently used for the name translation of sites located in places with higher popularity. The conflicting results reflect China's struggle between preserving its cultural flavor for the sake of national identity and catering to foreign visitors for the benefit of the country's tourism development.


Branding and governance in sports : Best papers from the "Managing Sport" tracks at the EURAM Annual Meeting in Istanbul 2013


The calculation method of 3D elastic\|plastic \%J\%\|integral by using finite element method was explored, meanwhile, some key questions and techniques were introduced. The calculation \{model\} of real cylindrical vessel was set up and its value of \%J\%\|integral was calculated. In contrast \{with\} the method of 1/4 displacement, the \%J\%\|integral can reflect the motive force of crack quite well. The research has good engineering application value to evaluate and foretell the safety of pressure vessels.


Objective To study disease financial burden of drug-resistant and drug-sensitive TB in Zhejiang Method 15 counties were randomly selected from 30 surveillance counties of"a global drug-resistance surveillance of TB project of WHO" 207 cases of drug-resistance and drug-sensitive TB were intaken continuously in each counties The method of economic evaluation was used to explore the disease financial burden carried by the patients'families and society Results The average family disease financial burden was as follows:3061 5 yuan for drug-resistant initial treatment TB,2103 7 yuan for drug-sensitive initial treatment TB,8414 0 yuan for drug-resistant re-treatment TB and 6798 1 yuan for drug-sensitive re-treatment TB The average social disease financial burden was as follows:14655 30 yuan for drug-resistant TB,5740 68 yuan for drug-sensitive TB Conclusion Both the family disease financial burden and social disease financial burden of drug-resistant TB are obviously higher than that of drug-sensitive TB


Supramolecular self-assembled nanoparticles that can overcome cisplatin resistance were constructed by utilizing a platinum(IV) prodrug bridged β-cyclodextrin dimer and adamantyl group modified porphyrin as the host and guest molecules, respectively.


In this paper we describe a qualitative investigation of impression formation in an online distributed software development community with social media functionality. We find that users in this setting seek out additional information about each other to explore the project space, inform future interactions, and understand the potential future value of a new person. They form impressions around other users' expertise based on history of activity across projects, and successful collaborations with key high status projects in the community. These impressions influence their receptivity to strangers' work contributions.


CONTEXT
When emphasizing muscular strength during postoperative rehabilitation it is recommended to use a neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) waveform that elicits the greatest muscle force and local metabolic demand that is also well tolerated. The present investigation examined the effects that 3 different clinically used NMES waveforms had on the electrically elicited force (EEF), local metabolic demand (exercising muscle oxygen saturation [SmO2]), and the subsequent reactive hyperemia response (recovery total hemoglobin concentration [THb]) of the knee extensors.

DESIGN
Single session repeated-measures design.

METHODS
EEF, local metabolic demand, and reactive hyperemia responses were measured during and subsequent to 3 NMES waveforms: Russian burst modulated alternating current (RUS), biphasic pulsed current (VMS™), and burst modulated biphasic pulsed current (VMS-Burst™). Exercising SmO2 and recovery THb were assessed noninvasively using a near-infrared spectroscopy sensor placed on the vastus lateralis. Participants completed one set of 10 repetitions of each NMES waveform and were provided with 5 minutes of passive, interset recovery. Two-way, repeated-measures analysis of variance examined if NMES waveform or repetition significantly affected (P < .05) EEF or exercising SmO2. Two-way, repeated-measures analysis of variance examined if NMES waveform or recovery time affected recovery THb.

RESULTS
VMS™ and VMS-Burst™ yielded higher EEF (F = 11.839, P < .001) and greater local metabolic stress (lower exercising SmO2, F = 13.654, P < .001) compared with RUS. Greater rate of EEF decline throughout the NMES set was observed during RUS (%Δ = -50 [6] %Rep1) compared with VMS-Burst™ (%Δ = -30 [7] %Rep1) and VMS™ (%Δ = -32 [7] %Rep1). VMS™ elicited a higher reactive hyperemia response (higher recovery THb) compared with RUS (F = 3.427, P = .048).

CONCLUSIONS
The present findings support the use of VMS™ or VMS-Burst™ compared with RUS when promoting muscular strength. In addition, the use of VMS™ might provide a greater blood volume to the target muscle subsequent to NMES contractions compared with RUS.


The quadratically convergent algorithms for training SVM with smoothing methods are discussed in this paper. By smoothing the objective function of an SVM formulation, Lee and Mangasarian [Comput Optim Appl 20(1):5-22, 2001] presented one such algorithm called SSVM and proved that the error bound between the new smooth problem and the original one was O(1/p) for large positive smoothing parameter p. We derive a new method by smoothing the optimal optimality conditions of the SVM formulation, and we prove that the error bound is O(1/p 2), which is better than Lee and Mangasarian's result. Based on SWM identity and updating Hessian iteratively, an " optimal " reduced technique is also proposed to solve Newton equation with lower computational complexity. Experimental results show that the proposed smoothing method has the same accuracy as SSVM, whose error bound is also tightened to O(1/p 2) in this paper, and the proposed optimal scheme works faster than RSVM for large-scale problems. The proposed smoothing method could work on any differentiable smoothing function, while SSVM only works on the twice differentiable smoothing functions.


April 17, 1975 was Day Zero for Cambodia. Two thousand years of Khmer history was immediately meaningless. That was the time the Khmer Rouge (hereinafter referred to as the KR) regime forces marched unopposed into central Phnom Penh. Within hours, they began to implement their barbarous plan for a utopian Communist society. The KR attempted to completely transform Cambodia overnight by organizing the country into farming cooperatives, demanding total devotion to the state, and wiping out any remnants of the old regime. That meant shutting off all contact with the outside world, eliminating loyalty to friends or family, emptying the cities, eliminating the Buddhist religion, and creating a fearsome central authority, the "Angkar," that punished any deviation with torture and death.


In recent years, the federal government has made abundantly clear its intention to use the False Claims Act ("FCA") (1) to protect the government against fraudulent claims for payment. In health care, this has meant multi-million dollar penalties for many of our nation's hospitals, clinics, nursing homes, managed care providers, medical device manufacturers, and pharmaceutical companies, who have been accused of submitting false claims for payment under the Medicare and Medicaid programs. The FCA, in effect since the Civil War era, creates liability for anyone who knowingly submits a false or fraudulent claim for payment to the government. The qui tam provisions of the FCA remain a powerful aid in enforcing the Act. Under the qui tam provisions, a private person (called a "relator") may initiate a civil action on behalf of the U.S. government alleging violations of the FCA. The government may then decide to intervene and essentially take over the action, but even if the government elects not to intervene, the relator may proceed with the action. Depending on several factors, including whether or not the government intervenes, the relator can be awarded between 15 to 30 percent of the proceeds of any award or settlement of the claim, plus attorneys' fees, costs and expenses of the action. (2) An employee who is retaliated against because he or she assists in the pursuit of an action or investigation is entitled to additional relief and penalties. (3) These are clearly powerful incentives for employees and others to become whistleblowers. The Deficit Reduction Act of 2005 ("DRA") introduced additional financial incentives for states to crack down on health care fraud by giving them an increased share of proceeds from actions brought under a state's own false claims act if its act meets certain federal requirements. To date, this has prompted states to step up Medicaid enforcement efforts. (4) Increased enforcement and publicity have contributed to a rise in the filing of qui tam actions, which has, in turn, strengthened enforcement efforts. Today's Health Care Fraud Claims According to one report, by August 2006, more than 450 hospitals across the country were the subject of Medicare fraud investigations. (5) Whether or not Medicare violations are found, the costs of responding to an investigation can be significant. Westchester Medical Center of New York, being investigated for possible health care fraud and violations of anti-kickback laws, (6) received a subpoena for extensive records in some thirty-seven categories going back to 1997. Millions of dollars may be spent in legal fees and other costs associated with the investigation (e.g., hiring or reassigning staff to assist with compiling requested data). (7) Where violations are found, the liability can be staggering. Where an FCA violation occurs, the federal government can recover treble damages plus civil penalties, which range from $5,500 to $11,000 per violation. (8) Since there are sometimes hundreds, if not thousands, of transactions involved, the penalties alone can be enormous. In addition to damages and penalties, individuals and institutions found to have undermined the integrity of the Medicare or Medicaid programs also risk being excluded from participating in those programs. (9) One report estimates that the government currently recovers $15 for every $1 invested in FCA health care investigations and prosecutions. (10) On the criminal side, according to a 2006 FBI report, (11) "health care fraud investigations are among the highest priority investigations within the FBI's White Collar Crime Program." (12) The same report states that "through FY 2006, 2,423 cases investigated by the FBI resulted in 588 indictments and 534 convictions of health care fraud criminals," with an estimated $373 million in restitutions, $1.6 billion in recoveries and nearly $173 million in fines. A joint Health and Human Services and Department of Justice ("DOJ") report from 2005 indicated that in the same year, the DOJ opened 778 new civil health care fraud investigations. …


Iconsider it a "given" that the contribution of academic and research libraries was a central element in the success of the mission of higher education in the twentieth century. That premise leads to a difficult question—does it matter if libraries continue to be central in the century just beginning? Here I will make a second assumption—that it really does matter a great deal. At the risk of sounding pessimistic, it helps to understand the obstacles to re-positioning libraries successfully so that they may continue their vital contribution of providing access to scholarly information. These are largely beyond our immediate ability to remedy. That does not mean we should not try to understand them and to find the allies who can help us do the work of shaping the future of libraries—and there are many such allies. During the last two years, I have written closely allied pieces that have appeared in these pages exploring several topics that in my view are critical to the question of the future of libraries—on change, on the so-called "paradigm shift" and on intellectual property. In large measure, this essay is a capstone for all of them. 1 Among the most immediate and obvious of our problems is one that libraries have been grappling with since I began my career 30 years ago in the great higher education downturn of the early 1970s—a declining share of fiscal resources. That downturn brought an end to what has been called the "golden age of library collecting." Libraries have never recovered. A recent cover story in the Chronicle of Higher Education devoted itself to "The Crumbling Intellectual Foundation" and described budget cuts for libraries, university presses, journals, and culture, which are converging to threaten the infrastructure on which professors and students depend. The key point was that in budget downturns, some items traditionally have been protected. These include the largest single line item in higher education, faculty salaries. At the same time, tuition, the major source of support, has been protected from dramatic increases—at least until re


We report the first observation of a hydrogen complexed EP (E'/spl delta/) center. Analysis of EP/H and E'/sub /spl gamma///H electron spin resonance spectra show that they have quite similar doublet splitting, doubler linewidth, and doublet g-shift from the center line, providing the first evidence that EP (E'/spl delta/) centers do not have a delocalized structure.


Normal 0 21 false false false SV X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Normal tabell"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0cm; mso-para-margin-right:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0cm; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;} The relationship between researchers and their objects of study has varied and continues to vary across time and disciplinary traditions. A key element in such variations is the degree of reflexivity involved in the process of knowledge production. To what extent are researchers aware of how they themselves produce knowledge? This question is discussed in the context of political science. It is suggested that the various forms the study of culture has taken in political science can serve as an indicator of different levels of reflexivity or modes of engagement. Three influential conceptualizations of "culture" in political science are presented as examples: political culture theory, civilizational theory, and constructivism. Toward the end, the case is made for a cosmopolitan engagement with culture and examples from political science of this type of engagement are introduced.


Sarcosine oxidase (Sox, EC 188.8.131.52; sarcosine: oxygen oxidoreductase) is a monomeric or heterotetrameric flavoprotein that catalyzes the oxidative demethylation of sarcosine (N-methylglycine) to yield glycine, formaldehyde, and hydrogen peroxide. This enzyme is involved in the bacterial metabolism of creatinine with the related enzymes creatininase (Crn, EC 18.104.22.168; creatinine amidohydrolase) and creatinase (Cre, EC 220.127.116.11; creatine amidinohydrolase). Monomeric Sox is industrially important and often used with Crn, Cre, and horseradish peroxidase in enzymatic assays of creatinine and creatine in clinical settings (Fig. 1). The enzymes from organisms of the genera Arthrobacter (SoxA) and Bacillus (SoxB) are produced commercially and used in diagnostic reagents. Both the substrate specificity and stability of SoxA have been altered using mutagenesis techniques. Based on its relationship to the glomerular


The number of fossil fuel vehicles is increasing day by day in the world. Studies on the EVs having zero emissions enhance, since fossil fuel vehicles cause environmental pollution. The converter and inverter topologies are used in the structure of EVs according to motor types. An inverter circuit is needed to convert the dc voltage obtained from the batteries to ac voltage. The inverter affects performance of the electric motor used in EVs. Three phase three level active neutral point clamping (ANPC) inverter topology is one of the multilevel inverter topologies is preferred in this study since it has high power quality. The induction motor, which has simple structure and low cost maintenance, is widely used in the EVs. In this study, speed sensorless induction motor drive has been modelled for EVs. The required switching pulses for ANPC inverter are obtained by the developed model predictive controller (MPC) for torque control of induction motor. The speed value of induction motor required for MPC has been obtained by the model reference adaptive system (MRAS) method. The proposed induction motor drive for EVs has been analyzed under variable speed and torque values.


Author(s): Gosla, Amin; Hoang, Preston; Robles, Marco; Ganesh, Priyanka; Dhariwal, Guriqbal | Abstract: Background: Cancer as a disease has defined our current era. In the United States alone, two out of every five people will develop cancer at some point in their lives. Chemotherapy, although powerful, does not always reduce tumor size. For these patients, called non-responders, it can take up to 18 weeks to change their course of action because chemotherapy is currently monitored through palpation, or feeling for tissue stiffness. The result is wasted money on the initial drugs, precious time lost, and a plethora of side effects.Our device, Oncospect, is a tool for oncologist to quantitatively track the progress of chemotherapy on a metabolic level. Benefits include lower costs, less side-effects, and better patient outlook. Our aim is to empower oncologists to make personalized treatment plans for patients.Faculty Adviser: Prof. Bruce Tromberg, Surgery - Beckman Laser Institute email@example.com


In [2] Jain and Dixit have obtained some interesting results on fixed points in pseudocompact Tichonoff spaces. In this paper we present a general fixed point theorem in pseudocompact Tichonoff spaces for mappings satisfying an implicit relation which generalize Theorem l and 2 from [2] and some results from [3] and [4].


The similarities found in the architectural styles of the Malay and Malay-Muslim traditional houses as architectural heritage built form in the Southeast Asian region have triggered many theories among architectural writers and critics of it origin. This article intends to discuss
selected theories and review some examples of architectural forms found in Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, Cambodia, Laos PDR and Vietnam as bases of understanding the
development ofthe civilization that is profoundly connected to the architectural establishment in both styles and typologies. Qualitative approach through literature review and observational visits to case studies in the region was adopted for this study. The preliminary findings suggest the pragmatism of approach in the similarities and differences of the architectural forms explains implicitly the origins ofthe Malay architectural heritage.


The invention relates to a carbon-free gas hydrate fire extinguishing agent. The fire extinguishing agent is a solid hydrate powder generated from an inert gas and a water mixture at a low temperature under a high pressure, the inert gas is anyone of nitrogen and argon, or a gas obtained by mixing nitrogen with argon according to an arbitrary ratio, and the water mixture can be water or an aqueous solution or dry water or a dry solution or ice. The invention also provides a preparation method of the fire extinguishing agent. The method comprises the following steps: reacting the inert gas with water or the aqueous solution or the dry water or the dry solution or ice at -10-10DEG C under 7-20MPa to generate a gas hydrate, crushing in below -10DEG C environment, and screening to form the hydrate powder with the particle size of below 1.0mm. The carbon-free gas hydrate fire extinguishing agent has the advantages of realization of zero carbon discharge, simple preparation process, low price, and rapid fire extinguishing, and is a clean and efficient fire extinguishing agent.


This article highlights the roles played by knowledge brokers in the history of economics. Knowledge creation is the joint product of teams of people engaged in parallel work. Economists do their professional work, whether that involves creating elaborate theories, gathering and interpreting data, or conducting experiments, all the while creating a variety of competing narratives about the economy. Economic agents go about their daily lives creating goods and services, caring for one another, saving and consuming, all the while making decisions based on whatever narratives they believe about how the economy functions. The various narratives between and among economists and economic agents create market opportunities for knowledge brokers, who sell their services to whoever will pay. They popularize economic insights in bestselling books, and work for think tanks or with various organizations, but they are also textbook writers, journal editors, and conference organizers, all of whom jointly contribute to the edifice of economic knowledge and facilitate communication. European beekeeping is used as an analogy.


The effects of the angular position on the flow and heat transfer of the nanofluid in a triangular cavity is investigated numerically. A triangular cavity is chosen with the same boundary conditions as the published results are available. The comparison between the current numerical
 results with the available data is made to show the accuracy of the numerical simulation. The current structure of triangular cavity is rotated to investigate the effects of various angular positions on the flow and heat transfer characteristics of nanofluid. For this purpose, the equations
 of continuity, momentum and energy are solved numerically. The results show that the hot fluid is more freely penetrated into the domain by increasing of the angular position. The velocity of fluid in the flow field becomes maximum for the angle of 120 . Also, the creation of vortices in the
 flow field depends on the value of angular position.


Interference-based optical image encryption has triggered much current attention due to its marked advantages, such as non-iterative operation. However, the precise alignment requirements of the phase-only masks in two different planes restrict the experimental verification. Few experimental results have been reported about the optical interference encryption. In this paper, we propose a holographic lensless interference encryption method based on single spatial light modulator. The alignment requirements are avoided by uploading the two phase-only masks into one single spatial light modulator simultaneously. The pixel vector decomposition algorithm is applied to decompose the Fresnel computer-generated hologram (CGH) into two phase-only CGHs for higher security. Experimental results are presented to demonstrate the decryption process.


In ancient the poems which can reflect leisure are mostly mountain-and-water poems, field-and-garden poems, fishing poems and so on. Analyzing the meanings of the leisure in these ancient poems ,we can see that the perfect works written in poet's leisure are all the real reflection of mood and nature' mixture,emotion and reality's clash. And from this, the poet'body and mind is placated, and his emotion is extricated oneself and sublimed.


The dynamic supporting process of cage supporting device was studied and the system dynamic model was provided under considering the weight and damping of wire rope,spring precompression of the supporting device.The acceleration and impulse of the cage was obtained by a numerical simulation method.It was useful for the reasonable design,and the further studies on personnel comfortableness.The simulation results show that the bias displacement needs to be suitably according to the load,which can reduce the acceleration and impulse of cage.It is proved that each set of vertical shafts promotion system should be equipped with a custom-made supporting device,and the parameter of supporting device should be adjusted for the various parameter of the promotion system.


A simple, precise and economical Zero Curve (AUC) (Method B) UV - for the estimation of Paliperidone in bulk and its formulation. The solutions of standard sample were prepared using 0.1N HCl. Paliperidone was estimated at 238 nm for the zero order and, AUC of Paliperidone was measured in between 232 in the concentration range of 3 and AUC spectroscopy. The precision expressed as relative standard deviation, which was within 2.0 % for the above three methods. The proposed methods were successfully applied for the determination of Paliperidon proposed methods are simple, easy to apply, low instruments. A simple, precise and economical Zero -order Spectroscopy (Method A), Area Under -Spectrophotometric methods have been developed and validated for the estimation of Paliperidone in bulk and its formulation. The solutions of standard sample were prepared using 0.1N HCl. Paliperidone was estimated at 238 nm for the zero order and, AUC of Paliperidone was measured in between 232 -244 nm. Beer's law was obeyed in the concentration range of 3 -18 μg / ml with r 2 value 0.9998, 0.999 for Zero order method and AUC spectroscopy. The precision expressed as relative standard deviation, which was within 2.0 % for the above three methods. The proposed methods were successfully applied for the determination of Paliperidon e in bulk and pharmaceutical formulations. In addition, the proposed methods are simple, easy to apply, low -cost, and requires relatively inexpensive


The smart grid is an interconnected electricity network. It integrates the electricity grid with powerful control and communications networks that can dynamically respond to customer demands and energy supply scenarios with increased reliability. One of the key components of the smart grid is the smart meter, which is the main sensor in the electricity distribution grid. As of today, the introduction of the smart meter has transformed manual electricity billing system to an automated meter reading system. In the future, the capabilities of smart meters will not only be limited to meter-readings but are expected to facilitate outage detections and demand side management, allowing the grid to respond dynamically to both customer demands and energy market pricing signals. However, these smart meters based applications face many challenges in implementing them in the network including provisioning adequate resources for smart metering traffic to guarantee the required quality of service (QoS) level, maintaining scalability of applications that require complex computations, ensuring the security of the smart metering data, and providing a platform to identify the effect of communications networks on smart meter applications. This thesis investigates approaches to overcome the challenges in implementing smart meter based applications to achieve a reliable and cost-efficient electricity network. In particular, this thesis examines efficient solutions to overcome three key challenges: mechanisms to guarantee QoS levels when smart meters use public communications networks to transport their data, approaches to guarantee the scalable deployment of the complex smart meter based applications, and a platform to efficiently simulate smart grid networks along with its control and communication operations in order to assess smart grid applications. For the smart meter communications network, the public telecommunications network is considered as a cost-effective solution as it does not involve any separate installation or maintenance costs. However, when sharing network resources with both public traffic and smart metering traffic, required QoS levels of essential broadband services along with those of smart meters should be satisfied. To this end, this thesis explores


Based on the estimation of the main correlation estimation idea for generalized linear models,we give a new biased estimate,which we call generalized main correlation estimation.Further,combining it and stein-type estimation,we propose the stein-type generalized main correlation estimation.Under the criteria of mean square error,we discuss its characteristics,and consider the scope of the bias parameter.


Coordination polymers and metal-organic rotaxane frameworks are reported where the organic linker is replaced by functionalised inorganic clusters that act as bridging ligands.


In this paper the Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) is employed to simulate various modes of deformation and breakup of a droplet exposed to a gas stream. First the two‐phase LBM is applied to verify the Laplas law for static bubbles. Then deformation and breakup of a droplet exposed to a gas stream, for some range of Reynolds and Weber numbers is investigated. The results are compared to the theoretical predictions and experimental data and satisfactory agreement is shown.


The size and shape of aggregates were investigated for four fluorinated amphiphiles with different alkyl chain lengths: Cn−1F2n−1CH2N+(CH3)3Cl− (Cn-TAC; n = 8, 10, 12, and 14) by TEM. The micrograp...


The chl a specific absorption coefficients [a* (λ), m2·mg chl a−1] were examined in chemostat culture of the Prymnesiophyceae Isochrysis galbana (Parke) under a 12:12‐h light:dark cycle at low light (75 μmol photons·m−2·s−1) and high light (500 μmol photons· m−2·s−1) conditions. Other associated measurements such as pigment composition, cell density, and diameter as the measure of cell size were also made at the two light regimes every 2 h for 2 days to confirm the periodicity. A distinct diel variability was observed for the a* (λ) with maxima near dawn and minima near dusk. The magnitude of diel variation in a* (440) was 15% at low light and 22% at high light. Pronounced diel patterns were observed for cell size with minima near dawn and maxima near dusk. The magnitude of diel variation in cell size was 9.3% at low light and 21% at high light. The absorption efficiency factors [Q  a (440)] were determined by reconstruction using intracellular concentrations of pigments and cell size. The Q  a (440) also showed a distinct diel variability, with minima near dawn and maxima near dusk. The diel variation in a* (λ) and Q  a (λ) was primarily caused by changes in cell size due to growth, although there was some influence from diel variations in the intracellular pigment concentrations. The results presented here indicated that diel variation in a* (λ) was an important component of the optical characterization of phytoplankton.


The throughput analysis technique described in this paper is intended for applications that are executed on heterogeneous embedded multiprocessor systems. A mix of runtime arbitration policies is often applied in these systems. Backpressure prevents buffer overflow because tasks do not start before sufficient buffer space is available. We show that the effects of run-time arbitration can be included in the response time of the actors of a multi-rate dataflow model. Given this model we compute conservative estimates of the arrival times of data in the system. Furthermore, we show that latency constraints can be included in a multi-rate dataflow model. The analysis technique is demonstrated on a real-life car-radio application. In this application two independent streams are processed. One of these streams has a latency constraint.


Numerical computing of the rank of a matrix is a fundamental problem in scientific computation. The datasets generated by the internet often correspond to the analysis of high-dimensional sparse matrices. Notwithstanding recent advances in the promotion of traditional singular value decomposition (SVD), an efficient estimation algorithm for the rank of a high-dimensional sparse matrix is still lacking. Inspired by the controllability theory of complex networks, we converted the rank of a matrix into maximum matching computing. Then, we established a fast rank estimation algorithm by using the cavity method, a powerful approximate technique for computing the maximum matching, to estimate the rank of a sparse matrix. In the merit of the natural low complexity of the cavity method, we showed that the rank of a high-dimensional sparse matrix can be estimated in a much faster way than SVD with high accuracy. Our method offers an efficient pathway to quickly estimate the rank of the high-dimensional sparse matrix when the time cost of computing the rank by SVD is unacceptable. and compute its structural controllability through the cavity method. Due to its sparsity, the structural controllability is equal to the exact controllability, and the rank of the input N -dimensional sparse matrix can be approximately estimated. This process, which is a Fast Estimation method for a sparse matrix Rank called FER, can estimate the rank of a high-dimensional sparse matrix much faster than SVD. Therefore, we applied FER to randomly generalized sparse matrices and systematically compared FER with SVD in terms of efficiency, accuracy, and appli-cability in two typical distributions of nonzero elements of each row (denoted as h k i ). We found that the time cost of FER does not significantly increase during N growing with a constant h k i and the results estimated by FER maintained high accuracy, which confirms that FER is an efficient tool for estimating the rank of high-dimensional matrices. We also studied the impact of h k i on the time cost and accuracy of FER, and the performance of FER remained very good. Finally, we applied FER to the matrices with the identity of nonzero elements. The efficiency and accuracy of FER were still very high. All the results suggest that FER is a valid access for estimating the rank of a sparse matrix, especially for estimating the rank of a high-dimensional sparse matrix, which is almost unacceptable for computing the rank by SVD while considering the time cost.


Abstract For the purpose of performing a case—control study, the information regarding the exposures of 30,000 pulp and paper workers was organized into 90 job-exposure matrices. Semiquantitative exposure estimates were assigned to each combination of job title and chemical or group of chemicals. The methodology used to assess exposures incorporated mill-specific and period-specific process information. An exhaustive review of processes, job titles, and chemicals coupled with the survey of each installation to evaluate equipment layout, collect hygiene data, and perform interviews of employees has yielded a comprehensive approach to estimating exposures retrospectively for the pulp and paper industry.


Background – A previous investigation at our department of a young man with typical Kleine–Levin syndrome revealed short‐term memory dysfunction as well as hypoperfusion of the temporal lobes on single photon emission tomography (SPECT) (CERETECR) examination, 6 and 7 years after recovery, suggesting long lasting or even permanent cerebral dysfunction.


The principal goal of qualitative reasoning (QR,) is to represent not only our everyda<y commonsense knowledge about the physical world, but also the underlying abstractions used by engineers and scientists when they create quantitative models. Endowed with such knowledge and appropriate reasoning methods, a computer could make predictions and diagnoses and explain the behavior of physical systems in a qualitative manner, even when a precise quantitative description is unavailable or computationally intractable. The key to a qualitative representation is not simply that it is symbolic and utilizes discrete quantity spaces, lbut that the distinctions made in these discretizations are relevant to the behavior being modeled. QR has now become a mature subfield of AI, as evidenced by its tenth annual international workshop, several books (e.g., Weld and DeKleer [1990]) and a wealth of conference and journal publications. Although the field has broadened to become more than just qualitative physics (as it was first known), the bulk of the work has dealt with reasoning about scalar quantities, whether they denote the level of a liquid in a tank, the operatirlg region of a transistor, or the amount of unemployment in a model of an economy. Space, which is multidimensional and not adequately represented by single scalar quantities, has only recently become a significant research area with the field of QR and, more generally, in the knowledge representation community. In part this may be due to the Poverty Conjecture promulgated by Forbus et al. [Weld and DeKleer, 1990]: "there is no purely qualitative, generalpurpose kinematics." Of course, qualitative spatial reasoning (QSR) is more than just kinematics, but it is instructive to recall their third (and strongest) argwment for the conjecture—"No total order: Quantity spaces don't work in more than one dimension, leaving little hope for concluding much about combining weak information about spatial properties." They correctly identify transitivity of values as a key feature of a qualitative quantity space but doubt that this can be exploited much in higher dimensions and conclude: "We suspect the space of representations in higher dimensions is sparse; that for spatial reasoning almost nothing weaker than numbers will do." Happily, over the last few years an increasing amount of research has tended to refute or at least weaken this conjecture. There is a surprisingly rich diversity of qualitative spatial representations, and these can exploit transitivity, as demonstrated by the relatively sparse transitivity tables (cf. the well known table for Allen's interval temporal logic [Weld and DelKleer 1990]) which have been built for these representations (actually "composition tables" is a better name for these structures). Below, I briefly survey the current state of the art in QSR (see Herrkindez [1994] for a partial survey and bibliography) and attempt to indicate some directions for future research in this area. —


Does the complexity of an organism's behavior predict the number of neurons in an organism's brain? In the model of hierarchical complexity, the behavioral stage of any organism can be assessed. These behaviors fall into discrete stages. The behavioral stage of development of an organism is defined by the highest order task that an organism has been observed performing. In this study, literature was reviewed to find animals where a neuron count had been taken, and to find behavioral studies to score for stage of development. Once those determinations were made, a power regression analysis addressed the question of whether the behavioral stage of development at which a species operating at predicts the number of neurons an organism has. The relationship between these two variables was r (17) = 0.874. These findings imply developing to the next higher stage requires an increase in the number of neurons a species has. The evolutionary benefit from a species evolving to have more neurons may be driven by reinforcement contingencies in the environmental niche that species occupies. If these reinforcement contingencies are one order of hierarchical complexity higher than the stage the species operates at, then the species must increase the number of neuronal connections; this increase reaches a maximum dictated by the number of neurons, so there is a time when the species must evolve more neurons. to perform the comparatively more hierarchically complex tasks required to attain new reinforcement. Therefore it is the attraction of higher stage reinforcers that drives neural development. This neurological correlation for behavioral complexity shows that there is a countable amount of processing power that limits the rate of stage change in a lifetime. The accuracy with which stage of development predicts the number of neurons cast behavioral development as a driving force in neuronal evolution.


In this paper, we consider reachability oracles and reachability preservers for directed graphs/networks prone to edge/node failures. Let $G = (V, E)$ be a directed graph on $n$-nodes, and $P\subseteq V\times V$ be a set of vertex pairs in $G$. We present the first non-trivial constructions of single and dual fault-tolerant pairwise reachability oracle with constant query time. Furthermore, we provide extremal bounds for sparse fault-tolerant reachability preservers, resilient to two or more failures. Prior to this work, such oracles and reachability preservers were widely studied for the special scenario of single-source and all-pairs settings. However, for the scenario of arbitrary pairs, no prior (non-trivial) results were known for dual (or more) failures, except those implied from the single-source setting. One of the main questions is whether it is possible to beat the $O(n |P|)$ size bound (derived from the single-source setting) for reachability oracle and preserver for dual failures (or $O(2^k n|P|)$ bound for $k$ failures). We answer this question affirmatively.


The Location determination is a strategic issue both in business and public. There are many factors leads to management decisions in expanding or relocating their business facilities. With the improvement in technology especially communication and information technology, Have made the time and space constrain insignificant for managers in doing their businesses. A few existing theory and method in determining location have tend to refer to the profit oriented issues, where more of its decision variables are able to measured precisely. The most common method used was procedure ranks method, centre of gravitation analysis method and the linear programming method. Recent development have shown that many location determination issues have been resolve by using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. A few disadvantage of the traditional AHP method that was requirement of every factors or indicators in the same level to be independent have been anticipated by using Fuzzy sets theory approach. The military base location determination issue is a complex issue which involve unmeasurable variables. This decision variables was ideology, politics, economy, social-cultural, defence and security. Fuzzy AHP Method was the development from the traditional AHP method that was superior to use in resolving problems of multi-variable decision makings which involve unmeasurable variables, such as military base location determination issues. Keyword: Public Facility Location, military base, Fuzzy AHP..


Future devices operating in the TV white space (TVWS) spectrum will require to access different bands at different locations and times in order to avoid interference to incumbent users, requiring agility and sufficient spectral masks to satisfy regulators. In order to realise radio devices capable of this, we briefly review design efforts on a radio transceiver capable up- and downconverting the 40 8MHz TVWS channels residing between 470MHz and 790MHz. While we briefly address the overall proposed structure, the aim of this contribution is to address the practical issues of interfacing data conversion devices sampling at RF to state-of-the-art FPGAs which can then perform the digital operations required for up- and downconversion.


This paper discusses the critical importance of interdependence and the use of teamwork for the development of human values, human organizations and the sustainable management of the Earth. It gives priority to the cultivation and nourishment of this spirit, in relation to TQM, reengineering, strategic management, and other managerial tools. Although it does not deny the practical need for hierarchy, specialization and discipline, is argues that the emphasis on those characteristics has aggravated the fragmentation within the organizations, acting against interdependent work, reducing the synergy and, consequently, the effectiveness in reaching goals.


Relevance. In team sports, acrobatics, martial arts, the effectiveness of competitive activity is determined by various factors, the consideration of which makes it possible to achieve success. A significant factor is the space-time orientation of athletes.The purpose of the study Development of a technique for assessing the athlete's reaction to a moving object, which allows assessing the state of sensorimotor activity, the development of fatigue and the degree of accuracy of motor actions.Research methods and organization: To assess the state of the nervous system of an athlete, a computer program has been developed to study a person's reaction to a change in the angular dimensions of a figure on a monitor screen in comparison with a standard (template) with registration of the number of advanced and delayed reactions. The program was tested on students of the Institute of Physical Culture.


A new procedure has helped eliminate severe lost circulation, even after one or more conventional lost circulation material (LCM) treatments failed. This technology is based on precise, sequential pumping of size-ranked organic material (fibers and expandable particles) into the exposed pores of the thief zone. No conventional treatment consistently solves lost circulation problems. The reasons for the inconsistency in treatment effectiveness are not well understood, but the paper describes five factors which are important. The new procedure, called Cell Block, is then described.


We report here that under strong attacksof external CH₄ guest molecules the sII and sH methane hydrates are structurally transformed to the crystalline me framework of sI, leading to favorable change of the lattice dimension of the host-guest networks. The High Power Decoupling 13 C NMR and Raman spectroscopies were used to identify structure transitions of the mixed CH₄+C₂H 6 hydrates (sIIl) and hydrocarbons (methylcyclohexane, isopentane) + CH₄ hydrates (sH). The resulting spectra indicate that most of the synthesized sII and sH hydrates were transformed to methane hydrate of sl under 110 bar and particularly the coexistence of sl with sII or sH appear according to the surrounding methane-rich gas conditions. The present findings might be expected to Provide rational evidences regarding the preponderant occurrence of naturally-occurring sI methane hydrates in marine sediments.


Malaysia is among the countries with the most citizens inflicted by covid-19 outbreak in Southeast Asia in early phase of year 2020, however persistent efforts performed by Authorities in Malaysia especially Ministry of Health has succeeded in constraining this disease among its people. Nevertheless, preventive measures done by Authorities in Malaysia raised several questions among the people particularly if viewed from fiqh al- ma'al perspective. This article aims to explain on the preventive efforts for covid-19 outbreak taken by Authorities in Malaysia viewed from fiqh al- ma'al perspective. Methodology of this article was based on qualitative study. Data were collected from document analysis by referring to books particularly related to fiqh Islami, kaedah-kaedah fiqh, usul fiqh, fiqh al- ma'al, contemporary fiqh books, current fatwas, journal articles and authorised websites. Data collected were abalysed and elaborated through inductive, deductive and comparative methods to gain for appropriate results in alignment with determined research objectives. This study found that preventive efforts for covid-19 outbreak executed by Authorities in Malaysia do comply with fiqh al- ma'al and those efforts are on the right track according to the fiqh. It clearly invites great maslahah (benefits) to the people. On account of that, it is hoped that Malaysian citizens not need to worry with the preventive efforts instead they should keep on supporting the sincere efforts until chain of covid-19 outbreak spread can ultimately be broken.


The spontaneously diabetic Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rat is frequently used as a model for human type 2 diabetes. Selective loss of glucose-sensitive insulin secretion is an early pathogenetic event in human type 2 diabetes, and such a defect also typifies islets from the GK rat. We investigated whether expression of specific glucose-regulated genes is disturbed in islets from GK rats when compared with Wistar rats. Large-scale gene expression analysis using Affymetrix microarrays and qRT-PCR measurements of mRNA species from normal and diabetic islets were performed after 48 h of culture at 3 or 20 mM glucose. Of the 2020 transcripts differentially regulated in diabetic GK islets when compared with controls, 1033 were up-regulated and 987 were down-regulated. We identified significant changes in islet mRNAs involved in glucose sensing, phosphorylation, incretin action, glucocorticoid handling, ion transport, mitogenesis, and apoptosis that clearly distinguish diabetic animals from controls. Such markers may provide clues to the pathogenesis of human type 2 diabetes and may be of predictive and therapeutical value in clinical settings in efforts aiming at conferring b -cell protection against apoptosis, impaired regenerative capacity and functional suppression occurring in diabetes. Journal of Molecular Endocrinology (2007) 39, 135–150


Surface mountable eddy current sensors are a revolutionary new concept in nondestructive inspection. These eddy current sensors can be mounted, like a strain gage, at critical locations for detection of crack initiation and monitoring of crack growth. This can be accomplished on a fatigue test article, as well as on in-service aircraft or other structures (patents pending). The mountable periodic field eddy current sensors, described in this paper, can be used as a replacement for standard eddy-current sensors without introducing new requirements. This is not the case with other proposed health monitoring sensors. For critical structures, substantially reduced inspection costs and life extension is possible with permanently mounted eddy current sensors. This is particularly true for difficult-to-access locations that require surface preparation (e.g., sealant or insulation removal) and disassembly when conventional eddy current testing is performed. By enabling eddy current testing in areas currently not accessible to conventional inspection, such as locations deep in an aircraft structure, damage tolerance can be achieved with low cost inspections. Embedded versions might even be mounted between layers, such as in a lapjoint. Surface mountable eddy current sensors are suitable for on-line monitoring and in-service inspections. This paper provides an introduction to surface mountable eddy current sensors, presents specific results from fatigue coupon tests and describes upcoming full-scale aircraft fatigue tests. Also, ongoing efforts to implement this technology on commercial and military aircraft are described. This research has been funded in part by the U.S. Navy, U.S. Air Force, JENTEK Sensors, Inc., and Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Company. The goal of this paper is to provide a basic understanding of surface mounted eddy current sensor capabilities and potential, and to promote their broader use in fatigue testing, aircraft health monitoring as well as for health monitoring of non-aerospace structures.


Wavelet transformation can remove the noise signal,and the genetic algorithm has global search ability which can arbitrarily close analysis signals. In the paper the combination of wavelet transformation and genetic algorithm treat the overlapping spectrum in analytical chemistry. Analog signal and experimental signal were processed. The results show that,the overlapped signals can be denoised and separated by wavelet transformation and genetic algorithm,which can be used for the separation of multi- component signal overlap.


A 72 year old patient with bilateral ptosis and progressive restricted eye movements was diagnosed as chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia (CPEO). We performed frontalis suspension surgery with silicone rod as a sling material. The result after twelve month follow up was satisfactory, the visual axis remained open without any complications. Ptosis surgery, is one of the most common operations performed by oculoplastic surgeons. A proper neurologic examination is necessary to diagnose the underlying cause of ptosis. CPEO is a type of mitochondrial myopathy which affects extraocular muscles. Frontalis sling operation is generally performed in patients with severe ptosis and poor levator muscle function. Many autogenous and nonautogenous suspension materials are available with numerous reports of successful correction. Here presented a case of blepharoptosis in CPEO and the surgical result of silicone rod sling of this case.


We prove the existence of systems of n polynomial equations in n variables with a total of n + k + 1 distinct monomial terms possessing ¥ n+k k |k nondegenerate positive solutions. This shows that the recent upper bound of e 2 +3 4 2 ( k 2) n k for the number of nondegenerate positive solutions has the correct order for fixed k and large n. We also adapt a method of Perrucci to show that there are fewer than e 2 +3 4 2 ( k+1 2 ) 2 n n k+1 connected components in a smooth hypersurface in the positive orthant of R N defined by a polynomial with n+k+1 monomials, where n is the dimension of the affine span of the exponent vectors. Our results hold for polynomials with real exponents.


Scanning transmission electron micrographs wereusedtoinvestigate thegate metal sinking effect in0.15,imGaAsPHEMT MMICs subjected to elevated temperature lifetesting. Gatemetal sinking causes adecrease oftheSchottky barrier height, therefore reducing theSchottky diode's forward turn-on voltage. The progressive gate metal sinking eventually leads to adrastic increase inthethree-terminal forward gatecurrent. Accordingly, adistinct degradation phenomenon inMMICsduetohighforward gate current andgateresistors wasobserved. The degradation causes a decreasein Il'insconductance andsmall signal gain, following theearlier gatesinking. In conclusion, a dependence ofDC performance andsmall signal gain ontheforward gate current wasobserved in GaAsPHEMTMMICs.


Influence of antihypertensive medications on cancer survival is inconclusive. Using time-dependent Cox regression models, we examined associations of common antihypertensive medications with overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) with comprehensive adjustment for potential confounding factors. Participants were from the Shanghai Women's Health Study (SWHS; 1996-2000) and Shanghai Men's Health Study (SMHS; 2002-2006) in Shanghai, China. Included were 2,891 incident breast, colorectal, lung, and stomach cancer cases. Medication use was extracted from electronic medical records. Median 3.4 year post-diagnosis follow-up (interquartile range=1.0-6.3) found better outcomes among users of angiotensin II receptor blockers with colorectal cancer (OS: adjusted HR=0.62, 95%CI: 0.44, 0.86; DSS: adjusted HR=0.61, 95%CI: 0.43, 0.87) and stomach cancer (OS: adjusted HR=0.62, 95%CI: 0.41, 94; DSS: adjusted HR=0.63, 95%CI: 0.41, 98) and among users of beta-adrenergic receptor blockers with colorectal cancer (OS: adjusted HR=0.50, 95%CI: 0.35, 0.72; DSS: adjusted HR=0.50, 95%CI: 0.34, 0.73). Better survival was also found for calcium channel blockers (DSS: adjusted HR=0.67, 95%CI: 0.47, 97) and diuretics (OS: adjusted HR=0.66, 95%CI: 0.45, 96; DSS: adjusted HR=0.57, 95%CI: 0.38, 85) with stomach cancer. Our findings suggest angiotensin II receptor blockers, beta-adrenergic receptor blockers and calcium channel blockers may be associated with improved survival outcomes of gastrointestinal cancers.


Magnetic resonance elastography (MRE), an advanced magnetic resonance–based imaging technique, and acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI), an ultrasound‐based imaging technique, are accurate for diagnosing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) fibrosis. However, no head‐to‐head comparisons between MRE and ARFI for diagnosing NAFLD fibrosis have been performed. We compared MRE versus ARFI head‐to‐head for diagnosing fibrosis in well‐characterized patients with biopsy‐proven NAFLD. This cross‐sectional analysis of a prospective cohort involved 125 patients (54.4% female) who underwent MRE, ARFI, and contemporaneous liver biopsies scored using the Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Clinical Research Network histological scoring system. The performances of MRE versus ARFI for diagnosing fibrosis were evaluated using area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROCs). The mean (± standard deviation) age and body mass index were 48.9 (±15.4) years and 31.8 (±7.0) kg/m2, respectively. For diagnosing any fibrosis (≥ stage 1), the MRE AUROC was 0.799 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.723‐0.875), significantly (P = 0.012) higher than the ARFI AUROC of 0.664 (95% CI 0.568‐0.760). In stratified analysis by presence or absence of obesity, MRE was superior to ARFI for diagnosing any fibrosis in obese patients (P < 0.001) but not in nonobese patients (P = 0.722). The MRE AUROCs for diagnosing ≥stages 2, 3, and 4 fibrosis were 0.885 (95% CI 0.816‐0.953), 0.934 (95% CI 0.863‐1.000), and 0.882 (95% CI 0.729‐1.000); and the ARFI AUROCs were 0.848 (95% CI 0.776‐0.921), 0.896 (95% CI 0.824‐0.968), and 0.862 (95% CI 0.721‐1.000). MRE had higher AUROCs than ARFI for discriminating dichotomized fibrosis stages at all dichotomization cutoff points, but the AUROC differences decreased as the cutoff points (fibrosis stages) increased. Conclusion: MRE is more accurate than ARFI for diagnosing any fibrosis in NAFLD patients, especially those who are obese. (Hepatology 2016;63:453–461)


Key Points Question What factors are associated with the increasing number of suicides among individuals younger than 30 years in Japan during the COVID-19 pandemic? Findings In this cross-sectional study of 12 396 middle-school, high-school, and university students, from 2007 to 2022, suicide mortality rates have consistently increased since the late 2010s, with major associated factors including school-related, health-related, and family-related problems; however, the factors associated with suicide among students change according to their life stage (ie, life cycle). Meaning These findings suggest that designing and implementing school-based suicide prevention programs that are effective for the specific vulnerabilities in psychological and social developmental stages of middle-school, high-school, and university students can contribute to suicide prevention for students.


1. Use of a composition comprising a lipid component, a protein component and digestible carbohydrates, wherein the lipid component comprises: (I) linoleic acid (LA) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) in a weight ratio of LK / ALA between 2 and 7; ! (Ii) less than 14.5% by weight of LC on total fatty acids.; and! (Iii) at least 1 wt.% ALA based on total fatty acids! and wherein the composition further comprises at least one component selected from the group consisting of: (A) from 0.5 to 20 wt% of phospholipids on the total weight of fat.; ! (B) from 0.035 to 1 wt% choline by weight of the total dry composition.; ! and 0.001 to 0.1 wt.% of uridine nucleotide to form a nucleoside and / or base by weight of the total dry composition for the preparation of a nutritional composition for administration to an infant not obese aged less than 36 months for the prevention of obesity. ! 2. Use according to claim 1, wherein the composition includes choline, uridine source and phospholipids. ! 3. The use according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the composition further comprises: (C) from 0.5 to 20 wt% of the total weight of sphingolipid fat.; and / or! (D) from 0.005 to 10 wt.% Of cholesterol by weight of the total fat. ! 4. Use according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the source is uridine monophosphate, uridine. ! 5. Use according to claim 1 or 2, for the prevention of obesity later in life and / or prevention of obesity, age when said infant is over 36 months. ! 6. Use according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the composition further comprises: (I) from 3 to 50 wt.% Medium chain fatty acids (STSZHK) based on total fatty acids, and / or! (Ii) n-6 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) and n-3 LC-PUFA in the mass Aspect


This article reports the determination of DNA G+C% of seven species of common clinical Candidae. The range of DNA G+C% vareis from 30.74 to 45.14. The percentage of G+C of C. krusei C. parakrusei and C. pseudotropiealis showed no significant difference. The G+C% of C.guilliermordii was the highest in the 7 species. Since the determinat.on of G+C% is simple, and its value is repeatable it may be considered as a test to identify Candidae.

Key words:
DNA; Candida


Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of moxifloxacin in treating primary peritonitis in patients with cirrhosis.Methods:Nitety-eight patients were randomised to either moxifloxacin group(51 cases)or control group(47 cases).The moxifloxacin group received a single intravenous infusion of moxifloxacin 400 mg,qd.The control group received intravenous infusion of cefoperazone/sulbactam,2g bid with Levofloxacin 0.2g,bid;and the course of treatment is 7-10 days.Results:The total effective rate of the moxifloxacin(90.2%)is obviously higher than that of the control group(72.3%)(P0.05),and the objective sign and symptom in moxifloxacin group are alleviated more rapidly.The drug-related adverse events of moxifloxacin is only 3.9%.Conclusion:Moxifloxacin is safe and effective drug for treating primary peritonitis in patients with cirrhosis.


Intriguing hints of possible observation of charmless baryonic modes of B decays have prompted us to make theoretical estimates of two and three body decay modes involving baryons in the final state. Bounds on the Kobayashi-Maskawa parameter Vub can then be obtained.


Public law unevenness of the territorial system in the Late Middle Ages resulted in the inability to interpret certain contractual obligatory institutes by using unique legal sources. For this reason, determining characteristics of certain legal institutes requires a very thorough analysis of those sources that are available, but often not applicable for representation of the institutes which were rarely implemented or implied establishing normal rules in everyday legal transactions. This is especially the case of the institute of commodatum, which, until the period of entry into force of the General Civil Code, was hardly subjected to formal legal regulation. This paper's aim is, therefore, to seek to determine whether there is a general continuity in legal regulation of the institute of commodatum in the area which, due to the complex political circumstances, was subjected to different legal effects. This will be the way of filling the obvious gaps in the Croatian legal history science as regards loans, and of setting up a reliable basis for analyzing this institute in the contemporary law.


Skeletal muscle grafts can be used to mechanically assist the failing heart. In 13 mongrel dogs, latissimus dorsi muscle was preconditioned in situ for 6-8 weeks. Biopsy samples of the muscles were obtained for histochemical analysis. In seven dogs, muscle force and fatigue were compared in conditioned and contralateral unconditioned (controls) muscles. In six dogs, latissimus dorsi cardiomyoplasty was performed in propranolol-induced acute heart failure, and its effects were evaluated by hemodynamic and echocardiographic parameters. Muscle conditioning was responsible for latissimus dorsi transformation to a muscle with predominantly fatigue-resistant type I fibers. Conditioned muscles developed less initial force (-27+±6%) and a longer contraction time (+32±4%) (p<0.05) but did not show fatigue for less than 15 minutes. With synchronous pulse-train stimulation of the muscle flap, cardiac output increased from 1.4+0.1 (mean+SD) to 2.0±0.2 1/min (p<0.05), pulmonary wedge pressure decreased from 16.3+0.9 to 12.1+1.4 mm Hg (p<0.05), and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure decreased from 18± 2.0 to 13.5 ±+1.4 mm Hg (p <0.05). Echocardiographically derived ejection fraction increased from 39.3+±2.4% to 59.6+±2.9% (p<0.05), and fractional shortening increased from 15.4±1.1% to 26.3 +±1.7% (p<0.05). Thus, chronic stimulation of skeletal muscles induces fiber transformation and increases resistance to fatigue and force development. Cardiomyoplasty, on the other hand, improves ventricular function in the presence of acute heart failure. This surgical technique represents an alternative method of treatment for advanced myocardial failure. (Circulation 1989;80(suppl III):III-202-III-208)


S-layers are bacterial structures present on the surface of several Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria that play a role in bacterial protection. In Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus ATCC 4356), the S-layer is mainly composed of the protein SlpA. A tandem of two copies of the protein domain SLP-A (pfam: 03217) was identified at the C-terminal of SlpA, being this double SLP-A protein domain (in short dSLP-A) necessary and sufficient for the association of the protein to the L. acidophilus cell wall. A variety of proteins fused to the dSLP-A domain were able to spontaneously associate with high affinity to the cell wall of L. acidophilus and Bacillus subtilis var. natto, in a process that we termed decoration. Binding of dSLP-A-containing-proteins to L. acidophilus was stable at conditions that mimic the gastrointestinal transit in terms of pH, proteases, and bile salts. To evaluate if protein decoration of L. acidophilus can be adapted to generate an oral vaccine platform, a chimeric antigen derived from the bacterial pathogen Shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) was constructed by fusing the sequences encoding the polypeptides EspA36–192, Intimin653–953, Tir240–378, and H7 flagellin352–374 (EITH7) to the dSLP-A domain (EITH7-dSLP-A). Recombinantly expressed EITH7-dSLP-A protein was affinity purified and combined with L. acidophilus cultures to allow the association of the chimeric antigen to the bacterial surface. EITH7-decorated L. acidophilus was orally administered to BALB/c mice and the induction of anti-EITH7 specific antibodies in sera and feces determined by ELISA. Mice presenting significantly higher anti-EITH7 antibodies titers were able to control more efficiently an experimental STEC infection than mice that received the non-decorated L. acidophilus carrier, indicating that antigen-decorated L. acidophilus can be adapted as a mucosal immunization delivery platform to elicit a protective immune response for vaccine purposes.


An antitumour bicycle hexapeptide analogue 9 possessing an unnatural trans-amide configuration between the Tyr-5 and Tyr-6 residues is designed and synthesized from RA-VII 1 (RA =Rubia akane).


The effects of the NaCl and LiCl by-products generated during the synthesis of Mg(AlH4)2 on the hydrogen storage properties of a 6LiBH4–Mg(AlH4)2 composite are investigated and clarified for the first time. The results indicate that the presence of NaCl and LiCl changes the dehydrogenation/hydrogenation kinetics of the 6LiBH4–Mg(AlH4)2 composite in addition to producing a distinct reduction in the hydrogen capacity. For the NaCl-containing sample, the chemical composition is changed due to the metathesis reaction between NaCl and LiBH4 during ball milling, which converts the NaCl and LiBH4 to LiCl and NaBH4. However, for the LiCl-containing system, the kinetic barriers of the dehydrogenation reaction were changed by the presence of LiCl, which is responsible for the change in the dehydrogenation temperature. These findings elucidate the effects of NaCl and LiCl, which are produced during the synthesis of Mg(AlH4)2, on the hydrogen storage behaviours of the 6LiBH4–Mg(AlH4)2 composite.


The piggery industry is very important in Canada, but localized production of large quantities of swine slurry causes severe environmental problems such as aquatic pollution and emissions of methane, a potent greenhouse gas. There are many technologies that can reduce the impact of these issues, but biofiltration is the only viable process that can treat both pollutants. The main objectives of this thesis are to study the biofiltration of methane at concentrations representative of the piggery industry and to achieve the simultaneous treatment of methane and swine slurry with a single biofilter. Laboratory-scale experiments were used to better understand the biofiltration of methane from the piggery industry. Using an inorganic filter bed, it was possible to reach a maximum elimination capacity of 14.5 ± 0.6 g m' h-1 for an inlet load of 38 ± 1 g m' 3 h ''. The removal efficiency was relatively stable with the methane concentration and the biofilter satisfied first order kinetics. By decreasing the nitrate concentration in the nutrient solution, a concentration of 0.1 gN L' 1 proved to be sufficient for proper biofilter operation. Furthermore, once all inorganic sources of nitrogen were removed, the presence of microorganisms capable of fixing atmospheric nitrogen was established. Carbon and nitrogen mass balances suggested that the carbon accumulated within the biofilter was probably used for the production of storage compounds rather than for cell synthesis. The viability of simultaneously treating methane and swine slurry was demonstrated by using an innovative biofilter design to overcome the inhibition of methane biodegradation by swine slurry. Although generally less efficient than the biofiltration of methane alone, an elimination capacity for methane of 18.8 ± 1 . 0 g-m'3 -h' 1 was obtained with this system at an inlet load of 46.7 ± 0.9 g m' 3 h''. Pure fungal strains were used in an attempt to improve performance, but no significant increase in the methane removal efficiency was observed. For swine slurry treatment, average removal efficiencies of 67 ± 10 % for total organic carbon and 70 ± 7 % for ammonium were achieved. The influence o f the slurry supply was analyzed and the ideal supply method found in this study was 6 doses o f 50 ml per day. Pilot-scale tests carried out directly on a pig farm were used to validate the results obtained in the laboratory for the treatment of methane from swine house ventilation air. After a start-up period of 30 days, removal efficiencies up to 83% were observed for a methane inlet load of 1.6 ± 0.8 g m ' 3 h ''. Treated swine slurry was tested as a replacement for the synthetic nutrient solution, but due to inhibitory compounds in the treated slurry, the results were not satisfactory. For the simultaneous treatment, the methane removal efficiency only dropped from 58 ± 5% to 53 ± 8 % when slurry was supplied to the biofilter. By integrating the results obtained in this study with modem farming techniques, the piggery industry could reduce its greenhouse gas emissions and treat part of the nutrients in swine slurry.


Dendritic cells (DC) play a key role in the host immune response to infections. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection can inhibit the maturation of DC and impair their ability to stimulate T cell proliferation and cytotoxicity. In this study, we assessed the effects of HCMV infection on the migratory behavior of human DC. The HCMV strain TB40/E inhibited the migration of immature monocyte‐derived DC in response to inflammatory chemokines by 95% 1 day after infection. This inhibition was mediated by early viral replicative events, which significantly reduced the cell‐surface expression of CC chemokine receptor 1 (CCR1) and CCR5 by receptor internalization. HCMV infection also induced secretion of the inflammatory chemokines CC chemokine ligand 3 (CCL3)/macrophage inflammatory protein‐1α (MIP‐1α), CCL4/MIP‐1β, and CCL5/regulated on activation, normal T expressed and secreted (RANTES). Neutralizing antibodies for these chemokines reduced the effects of HCMV on chemokine receptor expression and on DC migration by ∼60%. Interestingly, the surface expression of the lymphoid chemokine receptor CCR7 was not up‐regulated after HCMV infection on immature DC, and immature‐infected DC did not migrate in response to CCL19/MIP‐3β. These findings suggest that blocking the migratory ability of DC may be a potent mechanism used by HCMV to paralyze the early immune response of the host.


With the widespread popularization and application of wind power,greater importance has been attached to the supply reliability of wind power systems.This paper incorporates the accepted deterministic criteria in a probabilistic framework,and builds the well-being model.As for the small isolated wind power system,three different operation modes have been evaluated for their respective reliability.,amd the reliability influencing factors such as the energy storage capacity and peak load have been analyzed.This method can classify the system operation state clearly,and improve the accuracy of the reliability evaluation.


Self-regulated learning (SRL) is one of the most investigated topics in education and psychology. While most studies focused on the SRL in primary, middle and high school students, little was known about the SRL in college students. Since SRL is the major learning type in college students, understanding the modulating effects of SRL will be of a great help to improve the SRL ability in college students. Existing studies have being focused on how the factors of self-concept, learning attribution and adjustment to learning environment affect SRL in primary, middle and high school students, but no college students. In the context of the social cognitive theory (Zimmerman, 1989), the present study explore the modulating pattern of these factors using the structural equation modeling. A total of 501 students (248 male and 253 female) from four universities in Guangdong Province were enrolled. Participants filled out four validated questionnaires in classroom, including Self-Regulated Learning Scale (SRLS), Self-Concept Scale (SCS), Test about Learning Adjustment of Undergraduate (TLAU) and Multidimensional-Multiattributional Causality Scale (MMCS). It took about 40 minutes to complete the questionnaires. The correlations among factors were calculated with SPSS 12.0 and the structure models among these factors were analyzed with LISREL 8.72. In the analysis of structural equation modeling, two models were constructed; one for the hypothetical model and the other for the competing model. The results showed that better self-concept and better ability to adjust to learning environment were associated with better SRL performance, while external learning attribution such as attributing success and failure to situation and fortunate was associated with worse SRL. Furthermore, the analysis of structural equation modeling showed that learning attribution has a directly impact on self-regulated learning, and the ability to adjust to learning environment has an indirect influence on SRL through learning attribution. In addition, a direct impact from self-concept and an indirect impact from self-concept on SRL through adjustment to learning environment and learning attribution were observed. In line with the social cognitive theory, these findings demonstrated that different factors such as self-concept, adjustment to learning environment and learning attribution have significant impact on SRL. As a motivation system, self-concept not only has direct impacts on college students' SRL, but also impacts on their learning attribution and adjustment to learning environment, which in turn initiate an impact on their SRL. These findings suggest that in order to improve the SRL performance in college students, it is crucial to establish their positive self-concept, change their irrational learning attribution and provide them with positive learning environment.


If advanced cancer is so difficult to treat, then Dr. Jacks reasoned that researchers need to focus on earlier stages to increase the odds of tumor detection and treatment. But when one asks where cancers come from in this model or in lung cancer or in solid tumors in general, he said, "The answer is, 'We don't know.'" Mature lung tissue contains more than 40 cell types. Two of these cell types, alveolar type 2 cells and Clara cells, share biomarkers with NSCLC cells, indicating that tumors might arise from these cells types. Recently, however, Dr. Jacks' group identified a progenitor cell that gives rise to both alveolar type 2 cells and clara cells, which they named bronchioalveolar stem cells (BASCs). Within one week of Kras activation by Creadenovirus, BASC proliferation increased. BASCs are present in healthy animals in the bronchioalveolar ductal junction, a region previously known to be involved in repair. The scientists uncovered evidence that BASCs proliferate when other cell types are damaged or removed. Also found was that BASCs differentiate into Clara cells and alveolar types 1 and 2 cells, and have the ability for self-renewal. Although the researchers saw evidence of these cells proliferating shortly after the Kras mutation was activated by Cre recombinase, few BASCs are found in established tumors. The few that were present existed in clusters. Dr. Jacks speculated that BASCs are cancer stem cells and responsible for driving tumor growth. For therapies to have lasting effects, he said, it will be necessary to kill off such cells. But at least now researchers have an idea what cells they need to target. "This is an example of going from tumor biology to normal biology," Dr. Jacks said. But how similar are these mouse cancers relative to human disease? To find out, the team performed microarrays on tumor samples from the animals and—in collaboration with Todd Golub, MD, a Howard Hughes Investigator at Harvard Medical School and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute—compared the results to microarrays from human NSCLC tumors. The Kras-driven mouse lung tumors were significantly similar to adenocarcinoma-type lung cancers but not to squamous cell cancers, which confirms the accuracy of the histology results the team reported earlier. Furthermore, the microarrays from the animal models were very clean, with samples from one animal looking much like those of another, which might be expected given their uniform genetic backgrounds and environments. Taking advantage of this homogeneity, the team found a Kras gene signature typical of both the animal and human tumors. "This is an example of where mouse models didn't just follow but led in identifying genes important in human cancers," Dr. Jacks said. Dr. Kastan noted that the model Dr. Jacks described is not yet a typical model—"It is the cutting edge, but I think it will be the paradigm for animal models in the future." T PAGE 26 / SEPTEMBER 10, 2005


This study examines Mesopotamian anti-witchcraft literature, focusing on the extant descriptions of witches and sorceresses, their methods, the symptoms of the bewitched and the rituals and remedies used to combat witchcraft.


This study was aimed to analyze helminthiasis on Sumatran tiger (Panthera tigris sumatrae) in Gunung Bayan Lestari Zoo. Total eight samples took and examinated in Laboratory of Parasitology, Universitas Airlangga by means native, sedimentation, and floating method. Then positive samples which containing worm eggs counted the number of worm eggs per gram feces (TCPGT) by the Lucient Brumpt method to measure the infection rate of helminthiasis. Species of worm eggs that found were Ancylostoma tubaeforme (75%) and Strongyloides stercoralis (25%). The infection rate showed four samples classified as mild infection and one sample was classified as medium infection and the presentation of infection rate that occured was mild infection by 50%, medium infection by 12.5%, high infection by 0%, and no infection by 37.5%. The role of cage, sanitation, and nutrition in proportion to the infection rate, which was 75% of maintenance management aspects have correlation to helminthiasis


We experienced a case of perforated jejunal diverticulum with Recklinghausen disease. The case involved a 51 year old man who had been diagnosed as having Recklinghausen disease at the age of 23. He received a neurosurgical operation for his brain tumors on December 17, 1996. The postoperative course was uneventful, but he had sudden onset of abdominal pain on January 8, 1997. His abdomen was elastic hard. Tenderness and defence were recognized. Abdominal X-ray film showed no significant remarks, but abdominal CT showed free air on upper abdomen. With the diagnosis of panperitonitis, the patient was op-erated on at same day. Intraoperative findings showed a jejunal diverticulum packed with food residue and its perforated point. A partial resection of the jejunum and dranage were performed with the diagnosis of pan-peritonitis due to perforated jejunal diverticulum. The pathological findings demonstrated that the cause of the jejunal diverticulum was a neurofibroma associated with Recklinghausen disease.


Introduction: Postmenopausal women are more at risk of osteoporosis than men of the same age. Osteoporosis is often undetected due to lack of symptoms. The aim of the study was to explore the potential of gray value (GV) in clinical panoramic radiographs as a screening method for osteoporosis. Cross-sectional comparative study using secondary data. GV of mandible in panoramic radiographs between male and female of several age groups were compared. X-ray parameters were considered. Materials and Methods: A total of 294 panoramic radiographs were obtained from regular clinical activity regardless of mA (3.3–8 mA), and divided into sexes and ages 31 to 45, 46 to 60, and 61 to 75 years old. A subset of 60 panoramic radiographs obtained by a narrow range of mA (5.7–6.4 mA) were randomly selected and then divided into sexes and ages 32 to 53 and 54 to 75 years old. Average GV was recorded. Average GV between age groups (divided by sexes) was evaluated by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for groups with unrestricted mA, and unpaired t-test for restricted mA. Results: Average GV without mA restriction were not significantly different between age groups in men (P = 0.883) and women (P = 0.617). If mA is restricted, average GV was significantly different between age groups in women (P = 0.007) but were not significantly different between age groups in men (P = 0.386). Conclusion: GV obtained from panoramic radiographs may have potential in detecting osteoporosis if x-ray parameters are kept in narrow range. It would not have the same screening potential if the range of x-ray parameters are too wide.


The oceanic pelagic sediments from the ophiolite assemblages of Naga Hills (NHO) and Andaman islands (ANO) broadly correspond to Late Cretaneous to Paleocene age. Late Cretaceous ocean floor represented in ANO was dominantly below the carbonate-compensation-depth (CCD), whereas it was uneven but mainly above CCD during Paleocene-Early Eocene. Maestrichtian to Paleocene ocean floor appears to be dominantly above the CCD in NHO. The NHO and ANO have closely similar postemplacement ophiolite-derived mid- and mid-late Eocene cover sediments respectively. Emplacement of the Naga Hills ophiolites during mid-Eocene, was possibly caused due to initial collision of an ocean-island chain with the subduction zone beneath the Central Burmese continent. Emplacement of the Andaman ophiolites occurred during early-mid-Eocene and may have been caused by a similar situation. The Chin Hills ophiolites were also mainly emplaced during early Eocene. The accreted ophiolites of the Indo-Burman range and Andaman islands were thrust westward over the Paleogene turbidite pile, deposited on the down going Indian plate during late Oligocene, due to terminal India-Burma continent-continent collision. In the southern Manipur sector of Naga Hills, the olistostromal upper Disang Formation (mid to late mid-Eocene) tectonically flooring the NHO, stratigraphically underlies the flyschoid to molassic Barail (Oligocene) sediments. In Andaman islands, the Lipa Formation with early Eocene and older olistoliths, forms the dominant constituent of the lower tectonic sedimentary melange flooring the ophiolites. Towards west, the sedimentary melange overrides the Archipelago Group. (Neogene) which unconformably overlies the Andarnan Flysch of Eocene-Oligocene age. The root-zone of the collisional suture appears to be concealed below younger sediments in the Central Burma basin and in the Andaman Sea, parts of the latter being created as a back-arc marginal basin. There is thus no straightforward relation between the Late Oligocene collision suture and the present subduction zone along the trench to the west of Andaman-Nicobar islands.


This paper is an overview of the progress made in the field of acoustical design of concert halls. (1) It has been widely recognized that at least five or six physical parameters are used for specifying and evaluating sound field in concert halls. They are developed independently, and all of them contribute to the overall subjective rating of a hall. Therefore, a combined effect of all parameters with different weighting for various performances should be considered. Methodology becomes very important in weighting factor determination. (2) The importance of spatial impression (source broadening and listener's envelopment) to overall concert hall rating tenas to be broadly accepted. Researchers are now striving to better understand the importance of the details of sound field on perceived spatial impression and how these sound field details are related to hall design. (3) As the audience arid seats compose the main absorption in a hall, recent investigations armed with concrete data make the estimation of hall acoustics more accurate. (4) It is generally believed that diffusion in a concert hall is important but there is little published evidence to support this conclusion. Some tests on subjective effects of scattering in rooms were conducted recently. However, it is still quite insufficient to give a more complete view of this subject.