February 2 (January 20 by the Old Style Julian calendar), 2007, marks the 100th anniversary of the death of Dmitrii Ivanovich Mendeleev (1834–1907), most often identified as the Russian chemist who formulated the Periodic Table of Chemical Elements. Already some violence has been done to Mendeleev0s memory in reducing him in this fashion, as that is not necessarily how he saw himself. Russian he indubitably was, and proudly so, but he saw himself as more than a chemist, and certainly as someone responsible for much more than merely the Periodic Table—a somewhat unintentional accomplishment of a 35-year-old man in 1869. What we usually commemorate in marking Mendeleev0s passing is more often 1869, not 1907. He did not know, as none of us know, when he was going to die, although he certainly suspected that his health was going poorly. Mendeleev lived his life forwards, as we all do, interpreting his past in light of his present. As our present differs from his, we remember him differently than he would have expected. Mendeleev was fully aware that the Periodic Table was a great achievement; he would have demurred, perhaps, about whether it was the great achievement of his lifetime. I propose in this essay to sketch out what Mendeleev himself thought his life meant at those few moments in his last decade when he reflected upon his own mortality. Perhaps surprisingly, we find a man much more concerned about the state of the Russian Empire and his own public service than his contributions to the periodic law, the latter of which he considered to be a bit more unstable than the former. To understand this inversion of our contemporary sensibilities—after all, the Periodic Table hangs in almost every chemistry classroom in the world, while the Russian Empire Mendeleev knew disintegrated most dramatically in the revolution of 1917—we need to consider Mendeleev in the context of the chemistry and the Russia of his own time. Mendeleev0s last years were ones of tremendous excitement and change, neither of which were qualities the aging scientist particularly valued.


In the behavioral approach, a linear time-invariant (LTI) delay-differential system is naturally introduced by Glusing-Luerssen (1997) as a continuous-time system whose dynamics are governed by a set of delay-differential equations, involving both painted and distributed delay operators. For this class of systems the notion of autonomy is introduced and characterized. Finally, asymptotic stability of autonomous delay-differential systems is investigated.


Newborn identical twin boys had thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, and hepatosplenomegaly. Platelet transfusions were ineffective. Screening for infections was negative. Bone marrow aspiration showed a ...


Summary

The ability to manage weed infestations in a spatially precise manner requires efficient and accurate methods of mapping weed distributions. A study was conducted to compare four different ground-based methods for collecting georeferenced information on infestations of Avena sterilis in winter wheat and barley. Sampling was performed at harvest by scoring panicle density, either from the ground or from a combine, by counting the number of panicle contacts with a stick moved horizontally over the crop canopy by an observer walking through the field, and by sampling A. sterilis seed rain on the ground. No significant differences were observed among the populations estimated by the four methods. A partial budget analysis of the in-season costs and benefits of spraying patches using these methods showed that visual scoring from the combine was the most appropriate method for the creation of weed management maps to be used for patch spraying in the following season. As a large variety of spatial patterns may be found in fields, the recommended sampling method might be field-specific and optimality should be verified for general use.


1 Division of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Shere-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shuhama, AlastengJammu, India 2Department of Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Shere-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu R. S. Pura Jammu ( J& K), India 3 Division of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandary, Shere-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kahmir, Shuhama, Alasteng (J & K), India 4Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Science University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India


6.1 LITERATURE Longitudinal studies of myopia are necessary in order to describe progression. Studies with groups, that could be considered comparable to those employed in the present study, are described below. Blegvad (1918) carried out a study in Denmark of myopic school children; this included 87 below the age of 16 years. The overall annual progression was 0.4-0.5 D. He demonstrated, that the rate decreased with increasing age, and found for those of 9 years of age: 0.81 D/year, decreasing to 0.58 D/year at 13 years. Further, that the average rate of progression increased with the degree of myopia. Rosenberg and Goldschmidt (1 98 1) found, retrospectively, among 280 children kept under observation for a minimum of one year in an private practice, that children with onset of myopia before puberty appeared to show more rapid progression than when the onset of myopia took place during the years of puberty. They found among 9-10 year old girls a rate of 0.47 D/year (SD 0.28D) among 11-12 year old girls 0.37 D/year (SD 0.42 D) and among 1 1 12 year old boys 0.40 D/year (SD 0.22 D). In Finland, Muntyjiirvi (1985) kept 133 myopic children between the ages of 7 and 15 years under observation for a period ranging from 5-8 years. She found a progression rate of 0.55 D/year (SD 0.27 D/year), and the progression age-related with the highest rate in the lowest age groups (0.93 D/year in 8 year olds and 0.52 D/year in 13 year olds). In 1988 Parssinen and Hemminki found among 79 children between the ages of 9 and 11 years, followed for 2 years, a change of 1.06 D corresponding to an annual progression rate of 0.53 D. Kelly et a1 (1975) reported, that myopia in patients in the Bath area increased steadily at about 0.50 D/year until somewhere between 18 and 23 years of age. The same figur was found by Francois and Goes in 1975 in a Belgian investigation of myopes between the ages of 11 and 15 years; the children with the lowest rate of progression all had onset of myopia after the age of 10 years, while nearly all those with the highest rate of progression had onset prior to this age. Various American investigations (Miles, 1962, Roberts and Banford, 1967, Oakley and Young, 1975, Goss and Winkler, 1983, Goss, 1986 and Grosvenor et al., 1987)


Aims: The aim of this study was comparative analysis of phytochemicals screening, proximate and elemental analysis of Anacardium occidentale L nut and Carica papaya seeds extracts.
Study Design: The samples were cleaned, washed with water, dried, and grinded with a laboratory mortar and pestle, packed in an air tight container and stored ready for further analysis.
Place and Duration of Study: The research was conducted at the Chevron Biotechnology Centre, Modibbo Adamawa University of Yola, Nigeria which lasted for about three months.
Methodology: The nuts were manually separated from fruit pulp, cleaned, washed with water, dried, roasted and grinded with a laboratory mortar and pestle, packed in an air tight container and stored ready for further analysis.
Results: The result of Anacardium occidentale L nut phytochemicals screening showed that with Glycosides (-), Tannins (+), flavonoids(+++), Alkaloids(++), Saponins(-) and the proximate composition (%) were as follows: moisture content (9.7 ± 0.2), ash content (3.46±0.3), crude fat (26.79± 0.5), crude protein (14.26 ± 0.01) carbohydrate (by difference) (45.78± 0.01) Calorific (Energy) value 482.00 Kcal. The mineral analysis (mg/100g) revealed that magnesium (3.50 ± 0.01), Manganese (2.00 ± 0.01), Nickel (3.22 ± 0.01) and Cobalt (0.13 ±0.01) while the phytochemical screening for Carica papaya seeds extracts also showed Glycosides (+), Tannins (++), flavonoids(++), Alkaloids(++), Saponins(-)   for the moisture content (8.59 ± 0.3), ash content (4.09±0.16), crude fat (15.60± 0.2), crude protein (15.84 ± 0.01) carbohydrate (by difference) (41.63) Calorific (Energy) value 1549.25 Kcal. The mineral analysis (mg/100g) revealed that magnesium (3.02 ± 0.02), Manganese (0.22 ± 0.01), Nickel (3.41 ± 0.01) and Cobalt (0.18 ± 0.01).
Conclusion: The study therefore indicates that the Anacardium occidentale L nut and Carica may not provide all the nutrients required by human in the right proportion though it contains an appreciable quantity of some essential nutrients like Fats, Proteins, Carbohydrate and some minerals.


Abstract From 802 to 811, we encounter several diplomatic missions beween Byzantium and the Carolingians with the scope to secure or confirm peace, although in 798 such an agreement had been reached. The real target behind such negotiations was a recognition of the coronation and imperial title of Charlemagne since 800, denied by Byzantium for years. It was only in 810 that Nicephorus I yielded due to military/ political difficulties in Northern Italy with Pepin/Pippin, son of Charlemagne, and against the Bulgarians. A treaty defined spheres of interest and Byzantine representatives acclaimed Charlemagne as basileus in 812. The present article tries to clarify the different stages and elements of the whole process. When the power of the Carolingian state diminished in the ongoing 9th century, Byzantium step by step deviated from full recognition of the Western emperor, a process clearly visible during the (initially) joint venture against Arab Bari from 869 to 871. An appendix deals with the question, if Empress Eirene had offered a kind of junior-emperorship to Charlemagne in 798/799, as already Paul Speck proposed more than forty years ago, without finding much approval. Now it seems probable that he was right.


Often exploration seismic data lacks low and high frequency band signals. The low frequency information provides crucial information about the mean model. Thus, estimation of absolute models using inversion schemes is difficult in case of band limited seismic data. We present a new method to synthesize initial model for inversion of seismic data using autoregressive and moving average modeling. The technique uses available well logs to estimate ARMA model. The estimated ARMA models are used to synthesize initial model as an input to the inversion algorithm. The use of ARMA based modeling ensures realistic frequency band in the initial model which are close to the frequency band available in the well log. The inversion is carried out using very fast simulated annealing (VFSA) technique. This technique offers directed Monte Carlo search of the model space. ARMA based initial model facilitates better search of the models residing in the null space. The method has been tested on synthetic and real data.


The topic of this research is to demonstrate the technical and conceptual connections which can be seen between the style adopted by the Argentinean writer Julio Cortazar (1914-1984) in his "collage" books La vuelta al dia en ochenta mundos (1967) and Ultimo round (1969) and with the avant-garde art movements Dada and Surrealism.


Based on the test apparatus of some aeroengine, nonlinear dynamic properties, especially the bifurcation and chaos behaviors, of rolling bear rotor stator box with local rubbing were studied by means of numerical stimulation. Different from other models, the rotor of some aeronautic engine test apparatus was supported on stator box by the rolling bear. It was simplified as a model with three masses and six degree of freedom for studying the rubbing response of rolling bear rotor stator box. In view of the case of multi parameters, the bifurcation behaviors and chaos motion of rolling bear rotor stator box were analyzed in detail. The effect of parameters such as masses ratio, impact rub stiffness ratio, eccentric mass and bear clearance etc, on the nonlinear dynamic properties was discussed. Abundant dynamic behaviors of rotor were revealed by the diagrams such as Poincare mapping, bifurcation diagram, phase plane plots, locus trajectory and amplitude spectrum. The stiffness ratio of impact rub stiffness and rotor bending stiffness have distinct effect on the chaos motion properties of rotor stator box. The responses of rolling bear rotor stator system are mainly periodic motions and pseudo period motions when stiffness ratio of impact rub stiffness and rotor bending stiffness ratio are in some range. The response shows obvious chaos motion when the stiffness ratio is in brand range. The area of chaos gradually increase with increase of the stiffness ratio.


This chapter discusses the models of coagulation and the factors that promote blood-clot formation, counter-balanced by the factors that switch the system off. It then provides a clinical assessment of bleeding problems, and laboratory investigations that can be used. Neonatal haemostatis is discussed, and then various specific disorders including haemophilia A and B, von Willebrand disease, and various other factor deficiencies are outlined. Inherited platelet disorders, problems with fibrinogen, and haemorrhagic disease of the newborn are all covered. The chapter then goes on to describe thrombosis in childhood, its treatment, neonatal thrombosis, complications, and anticoagulation in children.


To there is provided a compound, or permitted as its pharmaceutically acceptable salt, tau tomeo or stereoisomer thereof having a structure of formula I, the compound includes at least one of F, Cl, Br, I or Cancer, for example, also provides a method and intermediates for the preparation of such compounds, as well as therapeutic methods for treating a subject in need of the compound purposes and that the treatment of the same with that for the imaging diagnosis of prostate cancer, and that do: Wherein


Efficient enzymatic synthesis of spacer-linked divalent glycosides, which were designed as glycomimetics, was developed by using transglycosylation of chitinolytic enzyme from Amycolatopsis orientalis. The enzyme catalyzed the synthesis of target divalent glycoside hexan-1,6-diyl bis-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-β-Dglucopyranoside) (4) through N-acetylglucosaminyl transfer from (GlcNAc)4 to 1,6-hexanediol. When a series of primary diols with different number of carbon atoms were used as acceptor, the corresponding spacerlinked divalent glycosides carrying GlcNAc (1-6) on both sides were obtained. The mechanism of formation of spacer-linked divalent glycosides was further revealed by the enzyme purification. It was specified that Nacetylhexosaminidase itself is directly concerned with transglycosylation of GlcNAc residues to hydroxyl groups on both sides. The interaction of wheat germ agglutinin with a series of spacer-linked divalent glycosides was studied by precipitation analysis and a biosensor based on surface plasmon resonance. Our results demonstrated that a series of spacer-linked divalent glycosides are capable of precipitating WGA as divalent ligands.


Surface trapping effects are shown to affect adversely the RF power performance of high-voltage GaAs MESFETs and a model is presented to explain them. It is shown that the adverse effects of surface trapping can be minimized by: (1) including an undoped layer near the surface, (2) reducing the distance between the gate and n/sup +/ ledge, and (3) making the gate recess narrower than the gate. Devices fabricated with such a structure showed excellent RF power performance at 10 GHz: P/sub 0/=678 mW/mm, G /sub A/=6.8 dB, and eta /sub PA/=51.1% at a drain-bias voltage of 12 V. The design of devices to minimize surface-trapping effects is also expected to lead to self-passivating devices that will be inherently more reliable and show less 1/f noise. The high-voltage, high-efficiency devices described here will be applicable in airborne phased array radar systems where power supply requirements and heat dissipation problems limit system performance.<<ETX>>


Seed industry consolidation is a key to set up seed industry aircraft carrier in China.Vertical consolidation is prior to horizontal consolidation and horizontal consolidation is the main patterns of seed industry consolidation-seed industry consolidation arrangement should keep to sequence as following:first macro consolidation and second micro consolidation and the third middle consolidation;and the basic approach of seed industry consolidation should be based upon the first industry,strengthen the tertiary industry,and regard the secondary industry.


Data from a global ocean general circulation model (OCCAM) has been used to investigate the interocean exchange of thermocline and intermediate waters in the South Atlantic Ocean. To resolve the pathways between different ocean basins a Lagrangian particle following technique has been used. The results have been compared with various inverse models and observational studies addressing the interocean exchange in the South Atlantic Ocean. To facilitate the comparison, section-integrated transports in the same density classes and at the same locations as used in the observational studies have been calculated for OCCAM. The flow toward the North Atlantic excluding the Antarctic Bottom Water, is made up for more than 50% of thermocline water. The exact ratio of thermocline to intermediate transport depends on the definition of the water masses. Transport of intermediate water plays a less important role. More than 90% of the flow toward the North Atlantic originates from the Indian Ocean via leakage from the Agulhas Current system. Agulhas leakage into the South Atlantic occurs to 2000-m depth, but transport below 1200 m recirculates within the subtropical gyre and flows back into the Indian Ocean. Several observational studies have indicated a dominant role in the transport toward the North Atlantic for intermediate water or for the direct inflow from Drake Passage. The section-averaged water mass transports in OCCAM are largely in agreement with these observational estimates. Also in OCCAM, the section-integrated transports suggest a minor contribution from Agulhas leakage to the upper branch of interocean exchange in the South Atlantic, in apparent contradiction with the Lagrangian path that was calculated explicitly. The reason for this discrepancy is that at the eastern side of the South Atlantic the net mass flux consists of opposing, and in the thermocline layer nearly compensating, east- and westward flows. In the thermocline layer, part of the westward flow connects with the cross-equatorial flow in the Atlantic, while the eastward flow is partly derived from upwelled intermediate and thermocline water that originates from Drake Passage. The detailed Lagrangian analysis suggests that it is arguable to draw conclusions about the flow pathways from integrated mass fluxes across ocean sections, especially when these contain opposing flows in the same density classes.


The exchange rate is regarded as an instrument of economic policy, used to act on other economic variables in developed countries (PD) and underdeveloped countries (PSD). Morocco is also affected by this rule. Indeed, its financial insolvency, during the 80s, pushed to seek debt rescheduling and cons part, he was compelled to devalue the dirham under the authority of the IMF and the World Bank. The devaluation is about restoring the balance of external payments and external competitiveness by modifying the terms of trade (the price ratio). Exports will be encouraged unlike imports, but can also strengthen the devaluation inflationary effects and cause an increase in the money supply and lending opportunities as a result of the inflow of capital related to export growth.


Dr. Dušan Makovický was a physician of slovakian origin who came from historical Hungary and who accompanied Lew Tolstoy during his last years. He was born on Dec. 10 th 1866 in Rosenberg (Ružomberok.Rózsahegy) as youngest son of a family of 11. Rózsahegy-was a part of historical Hungary, in District Liptó, (Liptau), now Slovakian republic. Dušan Makovický was not just a passive observer but an active companion and an important conversational partner of one of the greatest figures in world literature. He accompanied Tolstoy during the last six years of his life 1904-1910. Dušan Makovický tried to document the events in Tolstoy ́s house during the years 1904.1910 in an unbiased manner. The image of Tolstoy, presented in Dušan Makovický ́s diaries shows a person who stood for his ideals and convictions, inspite of all inconsistencies. Tolstoy as well as Dušan Makovický criticised firmly Russias efforts to become a great power. They both condemned exploitation, social injustice and chauvinism that led to prosecution of ethnic minorities and dissenters. ith Stahl's animism, because its discoveries question the fundamental principles of medicine.


Sir: Taylor et al ( Psychiatric Bulletin , May 2002, 26 , 170-172) rightly point out that co-prescribing may lead to poorer tolerability and increased frequency of anticholinergic effects. Particular attention was not, however, drawn to the possible cardiac side-effects of co-prescribing, especially


Introduction 1. Heaven and God's Goodness 2. Heaven, the Nature of Salvation, and Purgatory 3. Heaven and its Inhabitants 4. Heaven, Trinity, and Personal Identity 5. Heaven and the Problem of "Irredeemable Evil" 6. Heaven and Visions of Life after Life 7. Heaven, Morality and the Meaning of Life Conclusion


Introduction: Dendritic cells (DC) are the most powerful antigen-presenting cells (APC) and play a key role in balancing T cell responses, depending on their expression of costimulatory and/or coinhibitory molecules. Inhibitory factors such as the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 suppress the activity of NF-κB in DC resulting in downregulation of costimulatory molecules and impaired immunostimulatory capacity. GPNMB (osteoactivin, DC-HIL), a type I transmembrane protein well known for its role in osteoblastogenesis, is also expressed on APC and acts as a coinhibitory molecule that strongly inhibits T cell responses upon binding to its counterpart syndecan (SD)-4. Interestingly, GPNMB expression on human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDC) is dramatically upregulated upon exposure to IL-10 but also to the BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) imatinib, nilotinib or dasatinib (Schwarzbich et al., Cancer Immunol Immunother 2012). Here we aimed to elucidate the molecular switch that facilitates transcriptional activation upon TKI-mediated inhibition of cellular signalling in moDC. Methods: MoDC were generated in vitro by culturing CD14 + peripheral blood monocytes with GM-CSF and IL-4 in the presence or absence of TKI (imatinib, nilotinib) or specific inhibitors of signalling pathways (Akt inhibitor MK2206, Erk inhibitor FR180204, PI3K inhibitor LY294002, or c-Raf inhibitor 553003). After 7 days, moDc were harvested followed by immunophenotyping and analysis of signalling cascades by FACS, real-time RT-PCR and western-blotting. Functionality of moDC was analyzed by mixed lymphocyte reactions (MLR). Results: We found that BCR-ABL TKI lead to dephosphorylation and thereby activation of the serine/threonine protein kinase GSK3s via inhibition of PI3K/Akt signalling. This leads to phosphorylation of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) and translocation of this transcription factor to the nucleus. Moreover, treatment with PI3K/Akt inhibitors resulted in profound upregulation of GPNMB in moDC, indicating that MITF activation and the resulting GPNMB expression are in fact facilitated by dephosphorylation of GSK3s following inhibition of PI3K/Akt signalling. In line, both BCR-ABL TKI treatment and specific inhibition of PI3K/Akt resulted in reduced stimulatory capacity of moDC in MLR with allogenic T cells that could be restored by addition of the (recombinant) GPNMB T cell ligand SD-4. Conclusions: BCR-ABL TKI exert immunosuppressive effects by activation of GSK3s, which we thereby identify as molecular switch causing MITF-mediated transcriptional activity upon TKI-mediated inhibition of PI3K/Akt signalling. MITF activation upregulates GPNMB expression which impairs the immunostimulatory capacity of moDC. Our data extend the current understanding regarding the molecular mechanisms that balance activating and inhibitory signals in DC. Manipulation of the involved signalling cascades and in particular GPNMB expression/function may constitute a promising strategy in combinatory approaches using TKI and DC-based immunotherapy and may also allow for manipulation of T cell responses in graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


Good QWL is needed by the organization, in order to achieve organizational goals and increase satisfaction for employees, n this study is job satisfaction and OCB for nurses.The purpuse of the study is to  analyse and describe the influence of QWL on job satisfaction, the effect of QWL on OCB and the effect of job satisfaction on OCB. This research was conducted in four general hospitals that have type A, B, C and D. The samples in this study were nurses in the four hospitals. Based on the sampling technique obtained a sample of 175 respondents. The main instrument in collecting data by distributing questionnaires. The general hospital that is the location of this study is the Saiful Anwar Regional General Hospital (RSSA) located in Malang City with type A, Persada Hospital located in Malang city with Type B, Karsa Husada General Hospital (RSUKH) in Batu City with Type C and Madinah Islamic Hospital in Kasembon Malang Regency with Type D. The analysis technique used was descriptive analysis and inferential analysis with GSCA. The results of the descriptive analysis showed that nurses' QWL was perceived as neutral by nurses. Job satisfaction was perceived as agreed by nurses and OCB responded in agreement by the nurse. The results of hypothesis testing using GSCA shows that QWL has a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction, QWL has a positive and significant effect on OCB and job satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on OCB. Advice that can be given to the hospital is to further improve the QWL of nurses, especially those relating to compensation indicators because compensation is perceived as neutral by nurses, especially with the provision of fair and adequate compensation. the hospital must pay more attention to working conditions especially related to a healthy physical environment. Satisfaction with payroll is perceived as neutral by nurses, especially related to satisfaction with the salary and benefits provided by the hospital. Satisfaction with promotion also needs to be improved again, especially with regard to promotion opportunities and the provision of information about promotion opportunities. Nurse OCB was perceived as agreed by the nurse.  Therefore OCB nurses are good, so they can be maintained or improved again.


Aims. We explore the evolution of supermassive black holes (SMBH) centered in a circumnuclear disk (CND) as a function of the mass supply from the host galaxy and considering di erent star formation laws, which may give rise to a self-regulation via the injection of supernova-driven turbulence. Methods. A system of equations describing star formation, black hole accretion and angular momentum transport in the disk was solved self-consistently for an axisymmetric disk in which the gravitational potential includes contributions from the black hole, the disk and the hosting galaxy. Our model extends the framework provided by Kawakatu & Wada (2008, ApJ, 681, 73), by separately considering the inner and outer part of the disk, and by introducing a potentially non-linear dependence of the star formation rate on the gas surface density and the turbulent velocity. The star formation recipes are calibrated using observational data for NGC 1097, while the accretion model is based on turbulent viscosity as a source of angular momentum transport in a thin viscous accretion disk. Results. We find that current data provide no strong constraint on the star formation recipe, and can in particular not distinguish between models entirely regulated by the surface density, and models including a dependence on the turbulent velocity. The evolution of the black hole mass, on the other hand, strongly depends on the applied star formation law, as well as the mass supply from the host galaxy. We suggest to explore the star formation process in local AGN with high-resolution ALMA observations to break the degeneracy between di erent star formation models.


The study reviewed the research of the structure and performance test on bra product and made an outlook for further research .It concluded the main research direction for further exploration should be to study digital and functional of bra product.


Consensus formation tracking of multiple autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) subject to nonlinear and uncertain dynamics is a challenging problem in robotics. To tackle this challenge, a distributed bioinspired sliding mode controller is proposed in this paper. First, the conventional sliding mode controller (SMC) is presented, and the consensus problem is addressed on the basis of graph theory. Next, to tackle the high frequency chattering issue in SMC scheme and meanwhile improve the robustness to the noises, a bioinspired approach is introduced, in which a neural dynamic model is employed to replace the nonlinear sign or saturation function in the synthesis of conventional sliding mode controllers. Furthermore, the input-to-state stability of the resulting closed-loop system is proved in the presence of bounded lumped disturbance by the Lyapunov stability theory. Finally, simulation experiments are conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed distributed formation control protocol.


Background The prevalence of urolithiasis in both infants and children is increasing. The metabolic features contributing to urolithiasis formation in children may vary from those in adult patients. The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of urinary metabolic abnormalities and related factors in infants and children with urolithiasis in Kermanshah, West of Iran. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 104 children and infants with urolithiasis who were admitted to the Pediatrics Nephrology Clinic of Imam Reza Hospital in Kermanshah, Iran in 2018 were investigated. Urinary metabolic abnormalities, including hypercalciuria, hyperuricosuria, hyperoxaluria, and hypocitraturia and cystinuria, were examined using random urine samples. Results: Of the 104 children (66 boys and 38 girls) examined, 64 (61.5%) had at least one urinary metabolic abnormality. Hypercalciuria was the most common (31 patients, 29.8%), followed by hyperuricosuria (27 patients, 26%), hyperoxaluria (20 patients, 19.2%), hypocitraturia (13 patients, 12.5%), and cystinuria (one patient, 0.96%). Hyperuricosuria (88.9%) and hypocitraturia (46.2%) were more common in infants younger than 12 months old compared to those older. No statistically significant association was observed between the frequency of urinary metabolic abnormalities with gender and family history of urolithiasis, but a significant relationship was found between age and prevalence of urinary metabolic abnormalities. Conclusion Hypercalciuria was the most common metabolic abnormality in the urine. Although detection of urinary metabolic abnormalities is important, the role of other variables, like nutritional and climatic factors in the development of childhood nephrolithiasis should be considered too, since no metabolic disorder have been found in more than a third of patients.


[Objective] To found out the prevalence and related risk factors of hypertension among the 15 to 70-year-old residents in Jinshan District of Shanghai. [Methods] 945 residents aged 15 to 70 were selected by stratified random sampling method from two communities in Jinshan District, then Questionaire survey and physical examination were done for the selected residents. [Results] The Shanghai Jinshan District 15 to 70-year-old residents' prevalence rate of hypertension was 23.2%, there were significant differenceage among different age groups (χ2 = 65.002, P﹤0.01), diabetes, high blood fat, hypertension family history, waist circumference exceeding the standard were the main risk factors of the Local residents suffering from hypertension. [Conclusion] The local residents' prevalence rate of hypertension has reached a high epidemic level, the local prevalence characteristics should be considered in the hypertension control and prevention, and early intervention be done for the high-risk groups with hypertension risk factors.


Dust in the host galaxies of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) dims and reddens their afterglow spectra. Knowledge of the nature of this dust is crucial for correcting for extinction, providing clues to the nature of GRB progenitors, and probing the interstellar medium of high-redshift galaxies as well as the nature of cosmic dust when the universe was much younger and galaxies were much less evolved. The dust and extinction properties of GRB host galaxies are still poorly known. Unlike previous work, we derive in this Letter the extinction curves for 10 GRB host galaxies without a priori assumption of any specific extinction types (such as those of the Milky Way or Small/Large Magellanic Clouds). It is found that there appear to exist two different types of extinction curves: one is relatively flat and gray, and the other displays a steeper dependence on inverse wavelength, closely resembling that of the Milky Way but with the 2175 Å feature removed.


Introduction: The economic burden of Diabetes is very high, especially in developing countries like India, and more so in the lower economic group, who spend 25-34% of their income on diabetes care. Aims & Objectives: To see the effect of persistent reinforcement of behavioural and pharmacological intervention on uncontrolled and undiagnosed diabetics in a lower socioeconomic urban population of Dibrugarh town in Assam. Materials & Methods: We conducted a community based observational survey and two (2) wards (Ward no 12 and 13) of Dibrugarh town (Total 22 wards with a population of 2,54,627) were selected with a population of 4726 and 4429 respectively. A Diabetic Camp was conducted on 3rd Sunday of every month in 2015. Fasting blood sugar and post prandial blood sugar was seen. Subjects with FBS 100-125 mg/dl was defined as prediabetic, FBS > 126 mg/dl and PPBS > 200 mg/dl were considered as new diabetic or uncontrolled diabetic if previously diagnosed. Counselling to improve diet, exercise and proper management of blood sugar by OHA or insulin, management of complications and regular blood glucose monitoring was done. Observations: Out of 9,155 (4726 in ward 12 and 4429 in ward 13), 538 patients were seen in 7 months from Jan 2015 to July 2015. Of them 247 (109 male and 136 female) were found to have abnormalities of glucose metabolism. 102 patients (33 male and 69 females) had prediabetes and 145 patients (76 male and 69 female) had diabetes. Patients attendance increased by 63.4%. The prediabetes increased three times and diabetics increased two fold. With persistent counselling about diet, exercise, life style modification and importance of regular medication the patients with good control increased from 11.5% in January to 68% in July. Awareness about complications increased from 27% to 87%. Self-monitoring of blood sugar increased among participants by 57%. Conclusion: Persistent reinforcement of behavioural and pharmacological intervention on uncontrolled and undiagnosed diabetics improves outcome of glycaemic control which may be a cost effective approach, especially in low socioeconomic group.


Extreme sea levels usually arise from a combination of the tides (assumed here to be deterministic) and storm surges (assumed stochastic). We show in this paper how tide and surge statistics derived from short (∼1 year) records can be used to predict the occurrence of extremes with much longer return periods (∼50 years). The method is based on an extension of the exceedance theory originally developed by Rice (1954) to study noise in electrical circuits. A comparison of predicted return periods with those obtained directly from a 50-year Markovian simulation of surge is used to validate the exceedance probability method. The method is next applied to the Canadian ports of Halifax and Victoria, which are dominated by semidiurnal and diurnal tides, respectively. To provide a stringent test of the method, just 1 year's data from each port are used to estimate the tide, surge statistics, and hence return periods. The predictions are found to compare well with the results of a conventional (Gumbel) extremal analysis based on more than 60 years of data provided allowance is made for (1) the anormality of the surge distribution and (2) seasonal changes of surge variance. The agreement suggests that the method may be successfully applied to other short sea level records or indeed to any partly deterministic process where return periods are of interest.


There has been much attention paid recently to Cook's life but this book, by a doyen of the history of exploration, takes our understanding of Cook and his legacy further by tracing Cook's life after death. For in this short but well-focused work Williams draws on new research to trace the trajectory of Cook's reputation from the time of his death in the affray on the shore of Kealakekua Bay on 14 February 1779. A key contention of the book is that the depiction of Cook's death, whether in literary or pictorial form, did much to shape his subsequent reputation. The first of the four sections of the book, 'A Distant Death' is, then, devoted to the way in which Cook's death was presented to the public. By analysing the different printed accounts, Williams shows how the doubts and reservations about Cook's own conduct which can be found in some of the original contemporary reports were largely airbrushed away, particularly in the official version of Cook's third voyage edited by the Rev. John Douglas — a work which was the public face of Cook until well into the 20th century. With close attention to the relatively unstudied manuscript of Cook's voyage as edited by Douglas, Williams shows the subtle way in which Douglas shaped both his introduction and even the text to conform to an image of Cook as an Enlightenment hero (the title of the second section of the book). This image of Cook struck a chord with a nation looking for other forms of heroes apart from those who achieved their fame through military glory. Cook became a martyr to science and exploration, and the circumstances of his death were thought to have strengthened still further his reputation as one who had regard for the native people he encountered (thus, to the delight of Protestant England, strengthening the contrast with the behaviour of the Catholic Spanish conquistadors). Drawing on new and original material Williams shows, too, how the pictorial representation of Cook was reshaped to conform to such a stereotype. Thus the picture by John Cleverly of a more aggressive Cook fighting off his Hawaiian assailants — an illustration which derived from sketches by his brother who was on Cook's voyage — was not included in the official version and consigned to an oblivion from which it has only recently been rescued. With the image of Cook as an Enlightenment hero thus established and consolidated by the representation of his death in both literary and pictorial form Cook, as the next section of the book shows, became an icon for the colonial age, an image of the nobler features of the imperial mission. The death of other English propagators of colonial improvement such as the missionary John Williams at Eromanga (Vanuatu) in 1839 prompted immediate comparison with Cook. Another such example which could also be added was the fact that the death of the naval captain, James Goodenough, at Santa Cruz (Solomons) in 1875, led to the erection of a statue of Cook in the Sydney suburb of Randwick. This was an example of a theme which Williams explores in depth: the colonial uses of Cook in the British dominions of Australia, New Zealand and Canada (or at least British Columbia), where Cook became a founding father and his journeys virtual creation myths. This was the ambience out of which emerged Beaglehole's monumental editions of Cook's journals though, ironically, the return to the original manuscript sources rather than reliance on the more varnished accounts of Cook's editors such as Douglas was in time to prompt a more nuanced account of Cook and his heritage. This re-evaluation of Cook is the focus of the last section of the book, 'Cook in a Postcolonial World', where Williams shows how the association of Cook with colonialism has led to the inevitable reaction as the structures of empire were dismantled. For some of the indigenous peoples of the Pacific, Cook has become the symbol of dispossession. In the face of such rapid pendulum swings, Williams concludes with a judicious summing up of the state of post-Beaglehole Cook studies and the attempts to come to terms with the different Captain Cooks that such varying perspectives have generated. For, like him or loath him Cook still has to reckoned with to make sense of a globe which he did so much to chart. The marble statue of Cook which Douglas and


It follows from the obtained data that the change of durability of the getinacks in stretching significantly depends on the pressing pressure value both at the age of 1 year and at the age of 4 years. According to the data, in the case of samples of the first series, the ageing has not practically affected the durability of getinacks in stretching. In the case of samples of other series, the increase of age from 1 year to 4 years results in an increase of the getinacks durability, in particular, the increase is about 9% for the third series. Comparing the values of failure tensile stresses given in the handbook of electrotechnics materials [1] with the data obtained by experimental investigation of aged glass textolite (GFRP composite-laminate) with the woven fiber orientation 0° and 90°, one can see a corresponding increase by approximately 25% and 35%. The test results are approximated and compared with the experimental data. The corresponding figures are plotted on the basis of these data.


Objective: To investigate effect of silencing GRP78 in the invasion and metastasis of Bladder cancer T24 cells and the possible mechanism. Methods: The siRNA targeting GRP78 gene was chemically synthesized,and transfect into human bladder cancer T24 cells by Liopfecta mineRNAIMAX. The mRNA and protein expression levels of GRP78,MMP2,MMP9 and Timp-2 were detected by Real-time PCR and Western blot. Transwell assay and Scratch Wound Assay were conducted to deter mine the potency of migration and invasion of T24 cells. Results: The expression of AEG1 mRNA and protein were significantly down-regulated in T24 cells transfected with siRNA targeting GRP78 as compared with the control group( P 0. 01); so was expression levels of MMP2 and MMP9protein( P 0. 05); but timp-2 expression was up-regulated. Cell migration and invasion capacity of T24 cells tranfected with GRP78 siRNA group had lower than the cells in the transfection with siRNA-control group( P0. 05). Conclusion: GRP78 functions as a positive regulator in the invasion and metastasis of bladder cancer cells,and may be involved in the expression of MMP2,MMP9 and Tipm-2.


Billions of doses of COVID-19 vaccines have been administered around the world, dramatically reducing SARS-CoV-2 incidence in some settings. Many studies suggest vaccines provide a high degree of protection against infection and disease, but precise estimates vary and studies differ in design, outcomes measured, dosing regime, location, and circulating virus strains. Here we conduct a systematic review of COVID-19 vaccines as of August 2021. We included efficacy data from Phase 3 clinical trials for 13 vaccines within the WHO Emergency Use Listing evaluation process and real-world effectiveness for 5 vaccines with observational studies meeting inclusion criteria. Vaccine metrics collected include effects against asymptomatic infection, any infection, symptomatic COVID-19, and severe outcomes including hospitalization and death, for both partial and complete vaccination, and against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern. In addition, we review the epidemiological principles behind the design and interpretation of vaccine effects, and explain important sources of heterogeneity between studies.


In this paper, we provide a new representation result for dynamic capital allocations and dynamic convex risk measures that are based on backward stochastic differential equations (BSDEs). We derive this representation from a classical differentiability result for BSDEs and the full allocation property of the Aumann–Shapley allocation. The representation covers BSDE-based dynamic convex and dynamic coherent risk measures. The results are applied to derive a representation for the dynamic entropic risk measure. Our results are also applicable in a specific way to the static case, where we are able to derive a new representation result for static convex risk measures that are Gâteaux-differentiable.


This paper discusses the environmental pollution and toxic effect of chemical pollutants produced by straw burning,such as particles,PAHs,NO2 and SO2 etc.It can help people know the harm of straw burning,strengthen environmental protection consciousness,and utilize straw.


Due to the requirement to maintain and improve the safety record of commercial air transportation in the United States (U.S.) despite increasing traffic, several proactive safety programs have been introduced in recent years. Among these proactive safety programs is a form of Flight Data Monitoring (FDM) known in the U.S. as Flight Operational Quality Assurance (FOQA). FOQA is a program utilizing quantifiable, objective data collected from the air carrier aircraft's data recording system. The data is then analyzed to identify trends and other indicators of potential safety problems. With few exceptions, FOQA data analysis has been rudimentary, often limited to relatively simple statistical methods. The purpose of this study was to introduce a method in which current FOQA methodology can be enhanced with the more sophisticated quality and statistical concepts found in Six


Hainan has one of the high incidences of thalassemia in China, but the epidemiological data in the whole province has not been reported yet. The objective of our study was to reveal the true prevalence and molecular mutation spectrum of thalassemia in the population of Hainan who are of childbearing age.


This paper investigates the factors affecting rural household food security in three different regions of the Punjab Province of Pakistan. For this it used Binary Logistic regression modelling based on primary data source from 3 districts each of South and North and 6 districts of Central Punjab. According to the results, Central Punjab was found to be the most food insecure region where about 31% of the sample households were measured to be food insecure. In South and North Punjab, 13.5% and 15% of the sample households were measured as food insecure, respectively. It was found that monthly income and livestock assets improve and family size deteriorates household food security across all the three regions. In Central Punjab, education level of graduation and above had a positive impact on food security while in North Punjab both middle and intermediate levels had positive impacts. Additionally, household heads' increasing age deteriorated food security in Central Punjab. On the other hand, total number of earners in the household improved food security in the North Punjab. Food security can be improved by targeting the neediest households.


Debate persists around the axiom that it is impossible not to communicate. Given the multitude of potential meanings associated with words, a reasonable correlate in this dispute is that it is unlikely to communicate sans ambiguïté. Such an occurrence is even more pressing in international business management where the language used is frequently abstract, metaphorical and translated. Informed by this insight, one is able to view meaning as occurring probabilistically. Frequently, probability theory is used to model the risk and uncertainty associated with a given set of business projects. In this research, that methodology and focus is turned on itself, and an application of combined probability theory to select words in management related to business is explored and extended further to show how translations between French and English could increase the ambiguity of meaning. Through the process, an uncommon application of probability theory is illustrated; one focused on addressing problems of effective, international business communication.


This Case Study will detail Bright House Networks' end-to-end mobile backhaul deployment with a focus on EPON in the first-mile. It will cover both many of the benefits and many of the challenges of EPON.


Aim: This research aims at improving medical aid and quality of life for firearm wounds in neck and maxillofacial regions. Methods: Three kinds of methods were adopted to repair jaw bone defects. Transposition or transplantation of the muscle flap with vascular and nervous pedicle was used for those patients suffered from soft tissue defects of the maxillofacial regions. Carotid artery bypass was employed for those who had a firearm wound of great vessels in the neck. Vascularized sural nerve transplantation was perfomed to repair vagus nerve injury. Results: Successful rate for primary bone transplantation was 92% (47/51). The care rate for functional reconstruction of tissue or organ defects in maxillofacial regions was 91%(80/88). Conclusion: It is a breakthrough over conventional concepts in the reconstruction of large mandibular defects following serious firearm wound by using iliac flap with dual blood supplies.


We report on the correlation between growth conditions and defect densities, as well as the defect generation mechanism, for GaN directly deposited on H-etched SiC(0001) by plasma-assisted molecular-beam epitaxy. 10 nm thin GaN nucleation layers were deposited at different conditions (600 to 800 °C, Ga-lean to Ga-rich). The island size increased from about 50 nm (600 °C, Ga-lean) to about 250 nm (800 °C, Ga-rich). Additionally, we examine epilayers nucleated under these conditions but overgrown with 300 nm GaN (720 °C, Ga-stable). These samples clearly show atomic steps, however, they exhibit rather different defect densities for different nucleation conditions (10 11 cm -2 for 600 °C and Ga-lean to 10 10 cm -2 for 800 °C and Ga-rich) as determined by plan-view transmission electron microscopy. Furthermore, we performed growth-stop experiments using GaN-thicknesses ranging 2 to 2000 nm for studying the defect generation. It appears that island coalescence is the main source of threading dislocations.


Organizations are searching for opportunities to increase job satisfaction, motivation for higher performance, and retaining their top talent. This study explores an assessment tool to aim rewards to individual motivation profiles so that companies can reach their potential. A survey exploring employee's attitudes on these types of rewards and an assessment tool to determine employee's individual motivation profiles was created and tested within a manufacturing corporate office through use of an online survey tool, Survey Monkey. Results showed that motivation profiles are evident and a relationship exists between rewarding based on the motivation profile's reward preferences and employee satisfaction and performance. In conclusion, this study has made apparent a need for further research including a possible longitudinal study that explores how age groups, job titles, and change in personal desires over time can affect an employee's motivational profile.


Microneedle array applicator device (20) for applying a microneedle array application in cosmetics and medicine (10) having a defined manner for removably receiving a flat substrate (11) of the microneedle array (10) a receiving means (21). The microneedle array applicator (20) having a direction perpendicular to the first direction (24) of the substrate (11) and along a second plane direction of the substrate (11) parallel to the plane (25) driving a micro pin array (10) of the drive mechanism (23). The proposed method for applying a microneedle array (10) of the microneedle array applicator (20) can be loaded when necessary, the microneedle (12) of the active substance in the skin is reliably broken.


In adoption, children experience the loss of significant attachment relationships, based on the internal working models of their parents which were formed from birth and, rooted in memories, strongly affect them throughout childhood. Ann Courtney maintains that before children can move on to the next stage of mourning their losses, those original models have to be made explicit. She considers how this can be achieved by 'incorporating' the birth parent in some way into the daily life and relationships of the child. The likely effect of contact is discussed, as is the role of the adoptive parent and possible therapeutic intervention.


We present a theory of hysteretic phenomena in Bose gases, using superfluidity in one dimensional rings and in optical lattices as primary examples. Through this study we are able to give a physical interpretation of swallowtail loops recently found by many authors in the mean-field energy structure of trapped atomic gases. These loops are a generic sign of hysteresis, and in the present context are an indication of superfluidity. We have also calculated the rate of decay of metastable current carrying states due to quantum fluctuations.


Reaction of five aromatic/heterocyclic sulfonamides containing free amino, groups with 5-nitro-alpha-2-toluenesultone and diethyl pyrocarbonate, respectively, afforded novel inhibitors of the zinc enzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA). Zn(II) complexes of the new sulfonamides were prepared. Excellent inhibition of three CA isozymes (CA I, II and IV respectively) were observed with some of the new sulfonamides, but especially with their Zn(II) complexes. Structure-activity correlations in this series of inhibitors are discussed.


Although the T-bar fed slot antenna is not new, little information is available that would enable one to systematically design such an antenna. It is the purpose of this paper to determine the important parameters in the design process and what tradeoffs may be made among bandwidth, low VSWR, and physical size.


GRAZIOSI, Andrea (Dept. of History, Yale University) Work Organization and Laboring Classes in the Great Depression in the U.S. and in the First Five Year Plan in the Soviet Union. (Book-length manuscript in progress.) TAQQU, Rachelle L. (Hobart and William Smith Colleges) Women's Informal Associations and Social Change in Developing Countries, co-authored with Kathryn S. March. (Monograph to be published under the auspices of the Rural Development Committee, Cornell University.)


Objective: To discuss clinical effects of Tiaochong Xiaozheng decoctions combined with mifepristone on uterine fibroids and its impact on patients' hormone levels and blood rheology. Method: One hundred patients were randomly divided into control group( 50 cases) and observation group( 50 cases) by digital method. Patients in the control group took mifepristone with 12. 5 mg /time and 1 does /day. Patients in the observation group added Tiaochong Xiaozheng decoctions based on treatment of the control group,1 does /day.Treatment courses continued three months in those two groups. Using B-mode ultrasonography to detect fibroid volume before and after treatment,levels of serum follicle stimulating hormone( FSH),luteinizing hormone( LH),estradiol( E2) and progesterone( P) were detected,main symptoms and signs scores,blood rheology were taken per month,and follow-up of six patients was assessed who were markedly improved. Result: Total effective rate of curative efficacy in the observation group was 92% superior to 78% in the control group( P 0. 05). After treatment,average volume of patients' hysteromyoma shrunk in two groups( P 0. 01),but that in the observation group was smaller than in the control group( P 0. 01),volume reduction rate of hysteromyoma in the observation group was 49. 1% superior to 32. 2% in the control group( P 0. 05),levels of serous FSH,LH,E2and P in both groups were decreased( P 0. 01),level of E2in the observation group was lower than in the control group( P 0. 05). At the first,second and third month after treatment,scores of main symptoms and signs in the observation group were lower than those in the control group( P 0. 01). Amelioration of whole blood viscosity( low shear and high shear) and plasma viscosity in the observation group were superior to those in the control group( P 0. 01). After follow-up of six months,rebound rate in the observation group was 11. 1% lower than 33. 3% in the control group( P 0. 05). Conclusion: Tiaochong Xiaozheng decoctions combined with mifepristone could reduce volume of patients' hysteromyoma and ameliorate clinical symptoms,it could also adjust levels of hormone, ameliorate blood microcirculation, improve clinical efficacy and reduce rebound rate of hysteromyoma,there was a significant curative efficacy in recent and forward.


Objective: The objective of the study was to establish the efficacy and tolerability of oral Unani formulations with inhalation of Kalonji and to provide safe, effective, and economical treatment for Iltehab Tajaweefe Anaf Muzmin (chronic rhinosinusitis [CRS]).
Methods: A randomized single-blind, comparative study of 40 patients of CRS. The patients were randomly allocated to two groups each consisting of 20 patients. In Group A, oral Unani formulation of Katan (Linum usitatissimum), Filfil Siyah (Piper nigrum), and honey was given 6 g BD with steam inhalation of Kalonji (Nigella sativa) and Tab Alaspan 1 BD with Karvol Plus inhalation was given in Group B.
Results: Statistical analysis of the data was done using paired t test by comparing the visual analog scale score of all major and minor symptoms before and after treatment. The result is statistically highly significant in Group A (p<0.0001) and it is significant in Group B. (p<0.01).
Conclusion: It may be concluded that the oral Unani formulation with inhalation of Kalonji has statistically highly significant effect on major and minor symptoms of CRS. A multicentric trial of the test drug on larger sample size for a longer duration is required to establish the efficacy of the formulation on CRS.


An electronegativity scale is derived for the noble and transition metals, based on their electron-band theory description. The tendency of $d$-band electron and hole states to hybridize is used to estimate the propensity for a particular metal to gain or lose $d$-electron count and this, in turn, is used to provide the basis of the electronegativity scale. Overall agreement of this scale with Miedema's and Pauling's electronegativity is remarkably good, granted the widely divergent bases of the three scales. The results, combined with an average electron vacancy count, are then used in structural maps of transition-metal-transition-metal alloy systems.


Building industry is one item estate, and have the economic effect, ecological benefits and social benefits. The article pointed out the necessity of realizing and strengthening the community responsibility of building industry enterprises,proposed the approach of cultivating building industry enterprises' community responsibility.


. Construction project presents highly complex one-of-a-kind environments which require engagement of many parties for a long time period. Data insertion from different sources should be managed and controlled avoiding conflicts and cost overruns. In addition to efficient and effective material flow, the management of construction projects is the most information-influenced industry, which entails timely and accurate communication between parties involved. Nowadays, innovative web-based solutions are applied to insure the inter-organization of the participants' communication. Findings from the literature review have shown online information exchange in construction management to be of great importance. In this paper we present the case study of a real estate international investment in Albania which uses an online platform as a communication and coordination tool between project stakeholders. This followed by recommendations on improving their information flow with the aim of full integration of all parties involved in the project.


Paired foliar samples were collected by shooting with a shotgun versus climbing and clipping near terminal foliage from twentythree 40-year-old Pinusresinosa Ait. trees located on a glacial outwash loamy sand. Samples were analyzed for N, P, K, Ca, and Mg concentrations. Regression analyses indicated that the foliar nutrient concentrations of the "shot" samples, which came from the lower crown, would be poor predictors for the foliar nutrient concentrations of the "cut' samples. Paired t-tests indicated that the shot samples consistently and significantly resulted in lower estimates of foliar concentrations of N, P, and K than did the cut samples. Shot samples were significantly higher in Ca concentrations than cut samples. The results indicate that caution is advised in the use of sampling techniques that do not result in foliar samples being collected from proven diagnostic, standardized near-terminal crown positions.


Bio-slurry is an organic fertilizer derived from the residual waste of biogas processing. This study aims to: 1) find out farmers' perception of bio-slurry fertilizer, 2) determine the socio-economic characteristics of farmers who confirm to adopt bio-slurry fertilizer in the future. The study was conducted from January to February 2020 in Central Java. Determination of location was purposive with the consideration that farmers in Magelang and Demak Regency, who had utilized biogas waste and commercialized it. Primary data was obtained from 80 by accidental sampling. Data analysis used the attributes of innovation: relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, trialability, and observability to measure farmers' perceptions and cross tabs to determine the distribution of confirmation to adopting/stop adopting bio-slurry fertilizers. The results showed that farmers' perceptions of the relative advantage and trialability of bio-slurry fertilizer were moderately satisfied, completely satisfied perceptions of compatibility, very satisfied with the complexity, and observability of using bio-slurry fertilizers. Respondents who confirmed to adopt bio-slurry fertilizer had characteristics: 1) income of around IDR 2,100,000-3,000,000/month and Rp. 5,000,000/month; 2) have a high school level education; 3) have land ownership area 0.5 ha; 4) have an age between 41-50 years, and 5) have 3-4 family members. Farmer satisfaction level indicates the good opportunity to survive in the market by taking into account quality.


OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of rheumatoid arthritis on oral health and oral health-related quality of life. The specific objectives were to measure oral health status, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) status, and oral health-related quality of life, and then to investigate the relationships between these variables. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study population comprised 74 in-patients and 26 out-patients attending the Rheumatoid Arthritis Clinic at Senami Hospital in Niigata, Japan from April to June 2004. Participants underwent a clinical assessment of their oral and temporomandibular joint status. They were also interviewed about oral health, oral health-related quality of life, and activities of daily living. Information on rheumatoid arthritis status and medications was obtained from their medical records. RESULTS: Poor oral health conditions were observed in the rheumatoid arthritis patients. More than half of the patients reported having had difficulty in brushing their teeth due to rheumatoid arthritis, and experienced pain when chewing. Approximately 30 % of the sample reported dry mouth symptoms. Nearly 50 % reported having had experience of temporomandibular joint pain, and nearly 30 % had difficulties in mouth opening. Oral health-related quality of life was significantly associated with the number of swollen joints. Poor oral health was significantly associated with the functional disability that was related to rheumatoid arthritis. CONCLUSION: In this study of 100 patients with rheumatoid arthritis in Niigata, it was concluded that rheumatoid arthritis has an unfavorable impact on oral health; temporomandibular joint health; and that it reduces oral health-related quality of life. Rheumatoid arthritis patients present with many oral problems that stem from preventable oral diseases. Additional oral care such as preventive treatment, fluoride therapy, physical temporomandibular joint therapy, dietary instruction, and more frequent recall, may be required.


The author used a thermistor method to study the later stages of polymerization of vinyl acetate, which was photosensitized with 1,1'-azobiscyclohexanecarbonitrile and obtained the variation of kp/kt, Ep and Et with conversion.From these results it was observed that the value of kp/kt increases gradually until about 50% conversion is reached and beyond this point increases rapidly. At the same time, the extent of conversion effects Et in the region of 20–30% conversion, but the effect upon Ep is not so marked in these stages and becomes appreciable at high conversions.


For molecular characterization of Yellow Mosaic Virus (YMV) associated with Yellow Mosaic Disease (YMD) of blackgram, infected blackgram samples were collected from farmer field of East Godavari district, Andhra Pradesh. The total DNA was isolated by CTAB method, amplified in PCR with coat protein and movement protein gene specific primers. The resulting PCR products were sequenced and submitted to NCBI GenBank. Comparison of coat protein and movement protein nucleotide sequence with other begomoviruses collected from NCBI GenBank revealed that DNA-A of MYMIV and MYMV of present isolate shared 99.3% and 97.2% similarity with MYMIV-Raichur (MN698280) and MYMV-Vamban (KC911722) isolates respectively. MYMV DNA-B of present isolate shared 96% identity with MYMV-Tirupati (KF947526) isolate. Phylogenetic tree based on coat protein gene nucleotide sequence of MYMIV, MYMV and movement protein gene nucleotide sequence of MYMV infecting East Godavari isolate with other isolates collected from NCBI GenBank formed unique clusters with DNA-A of MYMIV, MYMV and DNA-B of MYMV respectively. The results revealed that both MYMIV and MYMV are associated with YMD of blackgram in East Godavari district of Andhra Pradesh.


Deaf individuals are still largely underrepresented in most workplaces, particularly in STEM fields. The HCI community can develop well-designed workplace tools that could have a significant impact on individuals quickly, by utilizing current feasible options, designs, and features in innovative ways. Such an effort has the power to create environments and platforms that meet their needs, expectations and supplement classroom-based, lifelong, and career- related education, enabling deaf people to learn and achieve to their fullest potential. In this paper, we highlight existing barriers preventing full participation in the workplace in sign language (SL), and describe how our work supports building the STEM capacity Deaf individuals seek, contributing to greater participation in fields where they have been underrepresented. We also discuss sign language-centric user interface designs and research, highlighting how HCI research can contribute to the development of future workplace digital tools mainly for remote and hybrid work settings.


A systematic study of the chewing louse genus Tinamotaecola (Phthiraptera: Philopteridae) was undertaken, enabling us to recognize four species in the genus. The single pre viously recognized species, T. andinae Carriker, is redescribed for specimens from the Puna Tinamou, Tinamotis pentlandii (Tinamiformes: Tinamidae) from Bolivia, Chile, and Peru. One new species is described from the Elegant Crested Tinamou, Eudromia elegans (Tinamiformes: Tinami dae), from Argentina and two new species from the Red-legged Seriema, Cariama cristata (Gruiformes: Cariamidae), from Paraguay and Brazil. The family Heptapsogasteridae is placed as a junior synonym of the family Philopteridae.


..................................................................................................................... v RESUMO ......................................................................................................................... vii INDEX .............................................................................................................................. ix INDEX OF FIGURES ...................................................................................................... xiii INDEX OF SCHEMES ..................................................................................................... xvi TABLE INDEX ............................................................................................................... xvii ABBREVIATIONS........................................................................................................... xix CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................ 1 1.1. Cancer: General concepts .......................................................................................... 3 Epidemiology of cancer .................................................................................................... 3 Hallmarks of cancer .......................................................................................................... 4 Anticancer therapeutic strategies ..................................................................................... 7 Conventional chemotherapeutic drugs ................................................................ 8 Targeted anticancer drugs ................................................................................ 10 1.2. The p53 tumor suppressor proteins .......................................................................... 13 Structure of p53 .............................................................................................................. 14 Functional aspects of p53 .............................................................................................. 16 The p53 function under reparable stress .......................................................... 19 The p53 function under irreparable stress ........................................................ 21 Regulation of p53 by MDM2 and MDMX........................................................................ 25 Mutant p53 ..................................................................................................................... 28 Functional activities of mutant p53: LOF, DNE and GOF ................................. 31 1.3. Targeting the p53 pathway ....................................................................................... 35 Inhibition of MDMs and of their interactions with p53 .................................................... 38 Restoration of wt p53 function to mutant p53 ................................................................ 42 Combination therapy ...................................................................................................... 43 Cyclotherapy .................................................................................................................. 46 1.4. Screening strategies to search for small molecule activators of p53 ......................... 46


Significance Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) have established themselves as a powerful means to redirect the natural properties of T cells against tumors. However, most clinical trials fail due to limited CAR-T cell expansion. Among several factors that can influence CAR-T cell expansion, the precise location of CAR-T vector into the patient's genome can play an essential role in the treatment outcome. An outstanding question is whether CAR-T integration at certain genomic regions can rewire the regulatory landscape of cells. We report the development of an assay for the joint profiling of the epigenome and lentiviral integration site analysis at population and single-cell resolutions. We anticipate that our method should enable discovering cellular fates associated with durable CAR-T treatment. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T immunotherapy has yielded impressive results in several B cell malignancies, establishing itself as a powerful means to redirect the natural properties of T lymphocytes. In this strategy, the T cell genome is modified by the integration of lentiviral vectors encoding CAR that direct tumor cell killing. However, this therapeutic approach is often limited by the extent of CAR-T cell expansion in vivo. A major outstanding question is whether or not CAR-T integration itself enhances the proliferative competence of individual T cells by rewiring their regulatory landscape. To address this question, it is critical to define the identity of an individual CAR-T cell and simultaneously chart where the CAR-T vector integrates into the genome. Here, we report the development of a method called EpiVIA (https://github.com/VahediLab/epiVIA) for the joint profiling of the chromatin accessibility and lentiviral integration site analysis at the population and single-cell levels. We validate our technique in clonal cells with previously defined integration sites and further demonstrate the ability to measure lentiviral integration sites and chromatin accessibility of host and viral genomes at the single-cell resolution in CAR-T cells. We anticipate that EpiVIA will enable the single-cell deconstruction of gene regulation during CAR-T therapy, leading to the discovery of cellular factors associated with durable treatment.


The effect of Trichoderma.harzianum on the cucumber seedlings were determined The results showed that photosynthesis rate and chlorophyll content of cucumber seedlings were enhanced,but there was no change in respiration rate.Utilization efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer and Kalium were enhanced.The activity of β-1,3-glucosidase and POD of cucumber were increased,resulting in a higher resistance to diseases.


In algorithms for solving optimization problems constrained to a smooth manifold, retractions are a well established tool to ensure that the iterates stay on the manifold. More recently, it has been demonstrated that retractions are a useful concept for other computational tasks on manifold as well, including interpolation tasks. In this work, we consider the application of retractions to the numerical integration of differential equations on fixed-rank matrix manifolds. This is closely related to dynamical low-rank approximation (DLRA) techniques. In fact, any retraction leads to a numerical integrator and, vice versa, certain DLRA techniques bear a direct relation with retractions. As an example for the latter, we introduce a new retraction, called KLS retraction, that is derived from the so-called unconventional integrator for DLRA. We also illustrate how retractions can be used to recover known DLRA techniques and to design new ones. In particular, this work introduces two novel numerical integration schemes that apply to differential equations on general manifolds: the accelerated forward Euler (AFE) method and the Ralston-Hermite (RH) method. Both methods build on retractions by using them as a tool for approximating curves on manifolds. The two methods are proven to have local truncation error of order three. Numerical experiments on classical DLRA examples highlight the advantages and shortcomings of these new methods.


Sulfur dioxide in aqueous solution (HSO3-) was determined by chemiluminescence method based on a reaction between SO2 and KMnO4 in the liquid phase. Sulfur dioxide in slightly alkaline solutions containing formate ion (2 μM) was stable against oxidation by dissolved oxygen for the period of measurement. Chemiluminescence yield was proportional to HS03- concentration in the range of 0.8-100 ng SO2 ml-1, and the reproducibility was assured to be 2-6% in relative standard deviation. While some oxidizing agents, halide ions, transition metal ions and nitrite ion decreased the light yield to some extent, no interference was observed with regard to most of coexistent ions. The proposed method is applicable to determination of ppb level SO2 in rain water.


Methods of transmission and scanning electron microscopy, chemical microanalysis, electron diffraction, and X-ray diffraction have been used to carry out the comparative study of the structure and chemical and phase composition of thin ribbons of four quasi-binary alloys (Ni50Ti32Hf18, Ni45Ti32Hf18Cu5, Ni35Ti32Hf18Cu15, and Ni25Ti32Hf18Cu25) obtained in the amorphous state by rapid quenching from the melt by jet spinning. The critical temperatures of the devitrification and B2 ↔ B19' martensitic transformation of the alloys have been determined based on the data of temperature dependences of the electrical resistivity. The specific features of the formation of the ultrafine-grained structure upon the devitrification and of the phase transformations have been studied depending on the heat-treatment regimes and chemical composition of the alloys (concentration of copper atoms).


The class of nilpotent groups of class c and prime exponent p > c with additional predicates Pc ⊆ Pc−1 ⊆ … ⊆P1 for suitable subgroups has the amalgamation property. Hence the Fraïssé limit D of the finite groups of this class exists. 〈1〉 ⊆ Pc(D) ⊆ … ⊆ P2(D) ⊆ P1(D) = D is the lower and the upper central series of D. In this extended language, D is ultrahomogeneous. The elementary theory of D allows the elimination of quantifiers and it is ℵ0‐categorical. For c = 2 this was proved by Baudisch in Bull. London Math. Soc. 33 (2001) 513–519. 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification 03C60, 03C98.


A Class metronidazole - Synthesis of sulfonamide derivatives, characterized in that it has the following formula: The present invention discloses a preparation method thereof.


is computed where X̄i is the mean of X̄L,i and X̄R,i, and si is the estimated standard deviation over the N days prior and N days following observation i. If there are not N observations both before and after the current observation, no test is performed. If the largest Ti exceeds some threshold at time i = i∗, we conclude that a change point occurred at time i∗, and we adjust all observations after time i∗ by X̄L,i∗ − X̄R,i∗ . Homogenization now proceeds iteratively. Ti is recomputed for all i that are sufficiently far away from the current change points, i ∈ {1, . . . , n} \ {i∗− k, . . . , i∗+ k}, and the test is performed again until no Ti exceed the threshold, and we use k = N. Note that in practice, it is generally preferable to homogenize to the most recent data, as that data is considered to be more reliable, and some follow this convention Domonkos (2013).


A communication system includes a device and a server connected to the Internet, which transfers communications between the device and a terminal connectable to the Internet via the server. The device periodically transmits a notice packet to the server. The server transmits a connection request packet to the device in reply to the notice packet when a transfer to the device is requested from the terminal. The device transmits a TCP connection request to the server when receiving the connection request packet from the server. The server accepts the TCP connection request transmitted from the device to the server in reply to the connection request packet, to establish the TCP connection. Thus, the server transfers communications between the terminal and the device on the TCP connection after the TCP connection is established.


BASIL WRIGHT'S article complements Arthur Mayer's "Fact Into Film," published in the Summer 1944 issue of this QUARTERLY. Mr. Mayer concerned himself primarily with the documentary and informational film in the United States. Mr. Wright discusses the spectacular development of the same type of film in Britain. The British experience, Mr. Wright believes, might be an important contribution to the United Nations' efforts to establish international understanding. Mr. Wright is a distinguished director and film critic as well as a pioneer in the British documentary movement. At present he is Executive Director of the famed London Film Center.


Zhoushan archipelago has rich historical and cultural resources,such as historical sites,material remains like islands residential heritage,folk customs,religious belief,other non-material remains and the unique military culture formed in the long-term coastal defense.The development of the aforementioned historical and cultural resources should start with tourism development,arts development,video production and publication.This will not only improve Zhoushan's overall image and strength as a marine and cultural city,but also promote the quality of historical and cultural resources into new economic growth point so as to better optimize the economic structure.


Irradiation of a mixture of bornanethione 7 and bis(methylthio)ethyne 2a afforded a mixture of methyl E- and Z-2-(2-bornylidene)-2-(methylthio)ethanedithioate 8 and E-1,2-bis-(methylthio)vinyl 2-bornen-2-yl sulfide 10E. The first compounds are the products of the (2 + 2)-photocycloaddition reaction between bornanethione 7 and acetylene 2a. The sulfide 10E is rationalised as being the product of an intramolecular H abstraction reaction of the 1,4-biradical 12 which is also believed to be the intermediate in the (2 + 2)-cycloaddition reaction.


The purpose of this study is to identify exactly how higher education programmes in Management and STEM strengthen the entrepreneurial competence and innovation skills of the female students while changing their attitudes positively towards choosing a sustainable entrepreneurial career. This paper explains the impact that sustainability-driven entrepreneurial education programmes have on guiding female students in the fields of Management and STEM to select a sustainable entrepreneurship career. A descriptive and logistic regression methodology has been used for this study. The sample group comprised female undergraduates in the STEM and Management fields. This study was carried out over a period of four months and used a questionnaire as the survey instrument. The outcome of this study concludes that Sustainability-driven entrepreneurial education is effective for both STEM and Management fields. The main differences found were that innovation skills development was not very popular among female Management students while interest in entrepreneurial competence development was low among STEM female students. …………………………………………………………………………………………………….... using a 5-point Likert scale and a single factor explains 79.81% of the variance with a Cronbach"s alpha of 0.825, which shows high internal consistency. The measurement of Entrepreneurial competence was made on a 7-point scale to capture the degree of preparation of the respondents for starting a sustainable business. Its single factor explains 81.31% of the variance with a Cronbach"s Alpha of 0.923. To assess the Innovation Skills (Sullivan & Marvel, 2011), a four-item, five-point, innovation scale was used. The single factor explains 71.68% of the variance with a Cronbach alpha of 0.801. Age, year of entrance and parent owner-manager selected the control variables.


Three-dimensional gravity analysis has been carried out over the eastern intersection of the Menard transform with the Pacific-Antarctic East Pacific Rise at 49.8°S. Typical of the East Pacific Rise (EPR), the residual mantle Bouguer anomalies are nearly constant (varying less than 5 mGal) along the 60 km of ridge axis surveyed. This uniform character of the residual mantle Bouguer anomalies suggests that this part of the EPR axis has a fairly uniform crustal/upper mantle structure. Although this observation is less constrained by the only three crossings along the ridge axis, it is consistent with observations elsewhere along the EPR. Significant features such as thinner crust are not suggested by the residual mantle Bouguer anomalies (RMBA) at the ridge-transform intersection or along the eastern 75 km of the Menard transform which is in marked contrast to what has been reported for the large gravity signatures at the slow spreading Mid-Atlantic Ridge. The lack of the positive RMBA at the intersection could be due to the dual effects of a relatively small thermal contrast across the intersection and the excess lavas from the overshot ridge. At the ridge-transform intersection, fresh lavas from the observed overshot ridge have filled in the transform valley and have subsequently thickened the crust from above, possibly compensating the effect of any thinner crust there. A large active seamount is present near the inside corner (about 40 km west of the ridge axis), and fresh lavas were observed surrounding the seafloor and between the seamount and the ridge. A large circular low in the residual mantle Bouguer anomalies surrounds the seamount, suggesting that both a thicker crust due to the active volcanism and hotter, less dense material are the source of the gravity low.


Kerala, a state with high development indices distinguished with its Kerala Model of Development (UN, 1975), is also affected by recent Pandemic COVID'19 as other states and nations worldwide. The existing socioeconomic analysis of the State reveals that the land reforms, promotion of education, and early introduction of participatory governance through Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) have contributed to the State's socioeconomic and political advancement. These factors played a significant role in the fight against the pandemic. This study is an attempt to answer what are the future economic and health challenges as the State, Kerala Model of Development, is faced with COVID'19? The specific objectives further guide this— to study the economic challenges ahead of the State as the tertiary sector is faced with challenges to contribute to the economy and attempted to study the possible ways to address health issues in the State. The researchers conducted an in-depth interview among10 social scientists and economists of Kerala using purposive sampling to obtain primary data, which has been supported by secondary resources. The researchers did a thematic analysis of the primary data collected, further corroborated by secondary data. The study reveals that the State's current scenario during the pandemic, the grass-root empowerment in all spheres of life clubbed with administrative guidance, resulted in well-equipped public health care service delivery. The fall in the tertiary sector's income has decisively affected the State's economy, especially in agriculture, health, IT, tourism, labour, and foreign remittance. The State's economic and social equilibrium will face challenges in addressing issues in the post-COVID era. Even though the State suffered some increased Covid-19 cases recently, after expatriates' return, the dimensions mentioned above assisted the State in its fight against COVID'19. To address the challenges to the Kerala Model of Development, especially the post-COVID-19 requirements of the State demands interrogation, introspection, and integration of the current policies that majorly depend on the tertiary sector and initiate policies, plans, and programmes to strike a balance between all sectors, especially providing impetus to the primary sector so that a failure in one sector can be compensated by the other.


Despite the various environmental regulations to address the negative effect of construction activities on the environment, compared to other industries, the construction sector is still slow in implementing green practices (GPs). To encourage construction firms to implement GPs, these firms should be convinced that GP is a financially viable endeavour. Additionally, it was argued that the effect of GPs on corporate financial performance (CFP) differs according to the size of construction firms. This paper aimed to test the arguments by analysing the influence of GPs on CFP and investigating whether firm size influences or moderates the effect. A survey was employed to gather information from Malaysian construction firms and the data were analysed using the partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). The findings indicate that green supplier management, green subcontractor management and green project management have significant and positive effects on CFP and large firms with high level of green business practice and green project management gained higher CFP than small and medium enterprises. The findings provide empirical evidence on the variance of the effects of GPs and firm size on CFP. The findings imply that there should a flexible approach to encourage GPs in construction industry. Policy makers, regulators and managers should consider firm size and focus on high level of green business practice and green project management to improve firms CFP.


Peer to Peer (P2P) networks are networks where each system (peer) can act both as data provider and consumer, without hierarchies or (crucial) dependencies on centralized components. P2P information integration takes place when, within some peer with respect to other peers, a dependency between provided and consumed information is established. Peers can either manage their own data schemas or adopt a shared ontology. In any case, they answer queries posed in a given terminology by accessing local data sources and/or by querying other peers basing on a suitable set of mappings. The striking di erence between P2P systems and centralized ones is the distribution of the integration logic [5]. While traditional information integration architectures are based on speci c components (e.g. service bus), P2P integration is, potentially, everywhere. This poses the problem of having semantic commitments (i.e. speci c interpretations of schemas over data items) distributed all around the network, rather that contained within the boundaries of a single, speci c, and controllable system. Hence, handling vagueness, misunderstandings, contradictions, and mistakes must be done in a distributed way, which makes P2P integration much more troublesome than classic, mediator-based information integration. In contrast with its inherent di culty, P2P integration has a strong industrial value. P2P is the most basic network topology, is modular, exible, robust, and, above all, re ects the intimate nature of the Web. In many cases, P2P integration is not an option, but a basic functional requirement. In fact, really loosely-coupled organizations, such as commerce, scienti c, or governmental ones, might not be able (or willing) to set up centralized mediators. For instance, the Italian nationwide Web Service infrastructure currently under development at CNIPA


Future applications and services will challenge the network infrastructure with unprecedented demands for high bandwidth, low latency and reliable communication. Moreover, popularity of applications requiring several function-alities such as control, telemetry, video and audio, each with its own requirements, is constantly increasing. For example, an interactive video service control requires low bandwidth and low latency while its 4K video flows require high bandwidth and moderate latency. Today's transport protocols do not address heterogeneous requirements. Instead, only bandwidth allocation is provided by congestion control schemes, which support up to two priorities. This limitation impairs Quality of Service (QoS) since it does not satisfy flow latency and bandwidth requirements in parallel. The overall QoS assurance is mainly handled by the application layer that usually reduce the video stream quality. We present PRISM, a new transport protocol on top of IP, which provides per flow granular and dynamic quality of service. PRISM applies state-of-the-art congestion control schemes (such as BBR, Proteus, Cubic) to allocate bandwidth. In addition, PRISM addresses reliability and latency requirements and couples flows from the same application together, enabling inter-flow synchronization. In experiments with a kernel implementation on emulated networks, dense camera grid applications' requirements were fulfilled by using PRISM, while the current transport protocols failed to satisfy all requirements. Furthermore, PRISM reduced establishment latency by a factor of up to 1000 compared to multiple TCP.


Overlay networks haveemergedasapowerful andhighly flexible methodofdelivering content. An overlay networkisanetworkrunning ontopofanother network,usually theInternet. Thesenetworksare employed inmanysettings toprovide logical communi- cation infrastructure overan existing communication network. Themainobjective oftheoverlay network isto reducerouting pathlengths, stretched by theoverlay routing process. Inmostsolutions developed, a kindof fixedinfrastructure intheformofexcessive message exchange isnecessary toguarantee goodoverlay locality properties. Thispaperpresents arichly connected overlay networks basedonDominating SetTheorytooptimize thenumber ofnodesforlarge datatransfer. FastReplica algorithm is applied toreduce thecontent transfer timeforreplicating thecontent within thesemantic network. Todownload a file fromdifferent peersinparallel fromtheSemantic OverlayNetwork(SON)a dynamicparallel access schemeisintroduced whereendusers access themembers oftheSONatthesametime, fetching different portions of thatfilefromdifferent peersandreassembling them locally. Theloadisdynamically sharedamongallthe peers. An enhanced digital fountain withTornadocodes isapplied to eliminate theneedforretransmission requests fromtheendusers. Receivers runthedecoding algorithm toreconstruct theoriginal content. Inthisno feedback mechanisms areneededto ensurereliable delivery. Thispaperanalyzes theperformance of sequential unicastand multiple unicastcontent distribution strategies andcomparestheir performance withour schemeand alsoanalyzes theimpactof dominating settheory fortheconstruction ofsemantic overlays.


Abstract. The article concerns the estimation of land deformation in an area of copper mining using the Persistent Scatterer Interferometry (PSI) technique and C-band data coming from the Sentinel-1 satellite. The aim of the work is a comparison of two different PSI approaches exploiting passive corner reflectors deployed pairwise, oriented towards the satellites in ascending and descending orbits. The comparison was done in the line of sight geometry. In addition, a validation was carried out using GNSS measurements. The results achieved using the two PSI approaches are consistent and mutually coherent. They are also congruent with observations from GNSS stations. These results proves that the method proposed to identify pixels on multi-looked images is correct. In addition, the intermediary results on the corner reflectors shows that their responses, in terms of dispersion of amplitude and the coherence, is slightly different. This needs to be further studied.


Introduction - Studying trade & traders on the margins of the law - Resisting exlusion: moving into trade as a reaction to repression, economic collapse, civil violence & lack of opportunity - Consumption: culture, commodities & identity - Contesting boundaries: the defiant search for success - The organization of the trade: personal relations, reciprocity, sanctions - To survive & shine: the oppositional culture of nganda bars in Paris - Conclusion.


The objective of this work is to automate the conventional power hacksaw machine in order to achieve
high productivity of work-pieces than the power hacksaw machine using Double hacksaw blade.
The operator need not measure the length of the work-piece that is to be cut. The machine feeds the work-piece with the help of a shaft, which is driven by a DC motor . An DC motor is used to bring about the reciprocating motion required for cutting the work-pieces. With the help of this multi-way power hacksaw machine the four metal bars can be cut simultaneously to get high speed cutting rate and to achieve mass production for maximum profit in related companies. This project is very much useful and easy to install by user. The reference number should be shown in square bracket


Objective
To predict as well as bioinformatically analyze the target genes of has-miR-451.

Methods
miRBase, miRanda, TargetScan and PicTar were used to predict the target genes of hsa-miRNA-451. The functions of the target genes were demonstrated by Gene Ontology and pathway enrichment analysis. P<0.05 was set as statistically significant.

Results
18 target spots of hsa-miRNA-451 were predicted by 3 databases or prediction software at least. The functions of the target genes were enriched in proliferation and development of epithelial cells and regulation of kinase activity (P<0.05). Pathway analysis showed that transforming growth factor-beta signaling pathway, mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway, epidermal growth factor signaling pathway, Wnt signaling pathway and mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway were significantly enriched (P<0.05).

Conclusion
hsa-miRNA-451 might be involved in various signaling pathways related to proliferation and development of epithelial cells.

Key words:
Gene therapy; Forecasting; Computational biology; Diabetic retinopathy/physiopathology