The utility model relates to a processing clamp suitable for large-scale thin-plate workpieces. The processing clamp is characterized by the inclusion of a bottom plate and a main plate which is perpendicular to and integrated with the bottom plate, wherein supporting plates are connected between the bottom plate and the main plate; a plurality of locating grooves are formed on the lower surface of the bottom plate; a plurality of T-shaped grooves which are parallel to one another are formed on the outer side surface of the main plate; threaded holes in an orderly arrangement are formed among the T-shaped grooves; workpiece pressure measuring plates are arranged on the outer side surface of the main plate and fixedly connected to the T-shaped grooves or the threaded holes; a row of threaded holes are formed on the top surface of the main plate; and workpiece upper pressure plates are fixedly connected to the threaded holes on the top surface of the main plate through dual-head screw rods. In the utility model, the locating grooves are formed on the bottom plate and can be matched with the T-shaped grooves on a working table to achieve an accurate positioning effect; the workpiece upper pressure plates and the workpiece pressure measuring plates, which are respectively arranged at the top and on the side surface of the main plate, can be conveniently used for clamping a workpiece and are convenient to operate; and the plurality of T-shaped grooves and the orderly threaded holes among the T-shaped grooves are formed on the side surface of the main plate, which can meet the requirements of processing workpieces in a wider range of size.


We study the effects of fiscal consolidation using a dynamic general equilibrium model with overlapping generations. We analyze the effectiveness of reducing public employment as a means for debt reduction and assess whether public employment cuts raise the effectiveness of consolidation programmes. We further compare these results to those of other consolidation instruments, such as taxes on labor or consumption or other government expenditures. Our contribution to the theoretical consolidation literature is threefold. (i) We assume individuals with finite lives, who have either high or low innate ability. This assumption is important for an appropriate analysis of distributional issues between current and future generations, and between individuals with high or low earning capacity. (ii) Individual decisions of time allocation between work, leisure and education are fully endogenous in our model. So is growth. (iii) We pay special attention to realistically modeling the public sector, in particular public employment and output. Our model contains various channels through which public employment may benefit� the� economy's� supply� potential. As to our main finding, our simulation results nuance the view that public employment cuts are efficient consolidation tools, definitely in the prevalence of significant labor reallocation costs. Second, although we confirm that expenditure based consolidation is better than labor or capital tax based consolidation, evidence for expansionary output effects after spending cuts is very limited. We do generally not observe them when we consider GDP and include the value added produced by public employees. Our results for welfare bring even more nuance. When aggregated over all generations that are alive at the time consolidation is started, almost all consolidation strategies bring about net negative welfare effects. Only the youngest and future generations experience positive welfare effects. Interestingly, the positive effects for these generations are smaller under spending based adjustments in the area of education, investment, and overall public employment, than under tax based adjustments.


We recently proposed a 2° photopic luminosity function, VD65*(λ) [J Vis 2005;5:948–968], which improves upon the original CIE 1924 V(λ) function and its modifications, while being consistent with a linear combination of the Stockman and Sharpe [Vis Res 2000;40:1711–1737] long- and middle-wavelength-sensitive cone fundamentals [L(λ) and M(λ), respectively]. Its derivation was based on 25-Hz heterochromatic flicker photometric (HFP) data obtained from 40 observers of known genotype on a 1000 troland white (D65) background. However, as a result of an analysis of new luminous efficiency data obtained on an series of chromatic backgrounds [J Vis 2008;8:1–26], we now recognize that the 25-Hz flickering targets, though near-flicker-threshold, altered the mean chromaticity of the adapting background. Consequently, we have revised the original analysis, taking into account the changes in mean adapting chromaticity with target wavelength. Our reanalysis of the individual and mean data shows that the VD65*(λ) function for a D65 background should be redefined as 1.89L(λ) + M(λ) in quantal terms and as 1.98L(λ) + M(λ) in energy terms. The change in the L-cone weighting factor represents a change in luminous efficiency across the spectrum of ∼0.04 log unit. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 2011


Colorectal anastomotic leakage (AL) is a serious complication. Studies on the impact of AL on health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) are scarce. We aimed to investigate the association between AL and HRQoL in colorectal cancer patients up to 2 years after diagnosis, and to evaluate whether AL is associated with a clinically relevant decrease in HRQoL over time.


Purpose of review The aim of this article is to detail new developments and recent advances in total elbow arthroplasty over the past year. Recent findings This review will focus on several major topics: polyethylene wear in total elbow arthroplasty, the role of total elbow arthroplasty in fracture management, revision total elbow arthroplasty, unlinked versus linked implants and the role of total elbow arthroplasty in patients suffering from inflammatory arthritis. Summary As the popularity of total elbow arthroplasty has grown there has been a concomitant increase in the indications for total elbow arthroplasty use, and likewise revision total elbow arthroplasty. The current literature will help practicing surgeons delineate those patients and clinical situations for which total elbow arthroplasty is an appropriate treatment option, and offer strategies and techniques for revision surgery. Furthermore, recent research has focused on implant design and the development of prostheses with improved longevity.


The invention relates to a sliding device for two-cylinder pumps for liquids, especially designed for concrete pumps. Said sliding device (20) has an articulated pipe (16) which is bent and has substantially a C-shape. Said pipe is fixedly connected, at its upper end, to an extension pipe (42) protruding from a back wall (24) of a material feeding tank and connected, at its end opposite the articulated pipe, to a discharge conduit through a pipe rotating connection. Said articulated pipe is placed in such a way that it is able to turn around the axis of the extension tube so that its other end is connected alternatively to the openings of the discharge cylinder (10). In order to ensure reliable operation in spite of wear in the extension tube (42), the invention provides for a support pipe (84) which coaxially overlaps the extension tube (42), is fixedly connected at the upper end of the articulated pipe and extends at least on one part of the extension pipe (42). Said support pipe (84) is stayed upon at least one rotating support (98) integrated to the frame and placed at a distance of the back wall (24) of the material feeding tank (14) and it is removably connected to the extension pipe (42).


In this letter, a design of a gain-clamped long wavelength band erbium-doped fiber amplifier (L-band EDFA) is proposed using a fiber Bragg grating in a closed loop ring cavity. The design provides a clamping of the gain with different variable optical attenuator (VOA) losses varying from 0 to 12.5 dB. It is found that at 10 dB VOA loss, clamping of the gain is flat with variation of input power from -40 to -5 dBm. The gain measured is 10.9 dB, which is 30% less than the open ring gain of 15.3 dB at a pumping power of 92 mW. The noise figure measured is about 5.2 dB.


The blind recognition of the frame parameter plays a crucial role in frame synchronization in the background of a non-cooperation communication system. This paper proposes an algorithm based on self-correlation on the foundation of existed cumulative filtering algorithm. To overcome high BER, the peak-to-average ratio (PAR) is calculated to improve the algorithm. The simulation results proved that the performance of the algorithm has been improved.


Nantong Needlework Training School was an embroidery school with relatively good vocational and technical education for women in early Modern China.The school's vocational and technical education paradigm incorporates:to instruct students according to their aptitude in terms of teaching,the unification of education,creation,marketing and protection in terms of school-running,and the pursuit of innovation and top quality in terms of technology.


The present invention relates to a method for adapting a parameter of a dual clutch transmission clutch system in a motor vehicle, the twin-clutch transmission system having a hydrostatic clutch actuator with a pressure sensor.


By removing a toxic factor from infected by the cartridge through the surface having fixed the carbohydrates, such as heparin, the blood passes through the blood, where the toxic factor is released from the pathogens such as


In this paper, we present a dynamical study for local trajectories of a type-3 doubly fed asynchronous/induction generator (DFAG/DFIG) wind turbines. The study is focused on the wind turbines connected to the grid with the pitch control activated. In this paper, we consider the mathematical model in [1], [2], where stability and sensitivity of eigenvalues and steady states were studied. We will use the results of these studies to study local trajectories' sensitivity to the model's parameters. This should help understanding how local disturbances affect the wind turbine system trajectories, when small changes happen in the parameters, specifically the wind speed. The paper remarks that for similar disturbances, the system stabilizes (settle down to the steady state) in different times based on the instantaneous wind speed. This is due to eigenvalues sensitivity to wind speed. We also extend the study to the grid parameters (R and X). We provide simulations with detailed description and observation of the system response to different wind speeds to support the paper's conclusion.


Objectives to develop a safe and effective way of qualifying children for a second device cochlear implantation.
Material and methods. There were 50 children from two to twelve years old after unilateral cochlear implantation under our observation. During qualification, the following criteria were taken into account: audiometry results, use of the hearing aid in the non-implanted ear and benefit of the device, speech and hearing development after the first cochlear implantation.
Results. According to our findings the second cochlear implantation was recommended for 12 (24%) patients; in 16 (32%) cases the second cochlear implantation was refused; in 22 (44%) cases it was recommended to postpone implantation of the second device.
Conclusion. Our results demonstrate that the safe and effective way of qualifying for a second cochlear implant can restore binaural hearing that is crucial for the child's speech and hearing development and enhance integration into a world of peers.


Based on the definition of derivative,the both algorithm on Numerical value derivative are investigated,general program to calculate derivative of aleatoric function is designed,and point out that precision can be raised if along exponent curve approaching zero.


Based on socioeconomic monitoring, the influence of construction of hydroelectric power plants on the development of the regions in which they are located is shown. The public has mixed feelings about the effect of construction of large energy facilities on the economy, the standard of living, and social conditions. The conclusion is drawn that such megaprojects largely accomplish corporate objectives and do not support the achievement of Russia's strategic goals in the Far East.


Heat shock protein 27 (Hsp27) is a ubiquitously expressed member of the heat shock protein family that has been implicated in various biological functions including the response to heat shock, oxidative stress, and cytokine treatment. Previous studies have demonstrated that heat shock proteins are involved in regulating signal transduction pathways including the NF-κB pathway. In this study, we demonstrated that Hsp27 associates with the IκB kinase (IKK) complex and that this interaction was stimulated by tumor necrosis factor α treatment. Phosphorylation of Hsp27 by the kinase mitogen-activated protein kinase-activated protein kinase 2, a downstream substrate of the mitogen-activated protein kinase p38, enhanced the association of Hsp27 with IKKβ to result in decreased IKK activity. Consistent with these observations, treatment of cells with a p38 inhibitor reduced the association of Hsp27 with IKKβ and thus resulted in increased IKK activity. These studies indicate that Hsp27 plays a negative role in down-regulating IKK signaling by reducing its activity following tumor necrosis factor α stimulation.


By means of an impressive example the significance of abdominal X-ray examination in cases of intoxication with hypnotic-sedative drugs is pointed out. Apart from the qualitative diagnosis (drug containing bromide) the radiological proof of shadow-giving substances also permits a quantitative clinical assessment and has prognostical as well as therapeutical consequences.


The famous Jacobian conjecture (JC) remains open even for dimension . In this paper we study it by extending the class of polynomial mappings to quasi-polynomial ones. We show that any possible non-invertible polynomial mapping with non-zero constant Jacobian can be transformed into a special reduced form by a sequence of elementary transformations.


Many models were used to identify the factors affecting the demand for overnight funds by commercial banks. Theses models overcome overdispersion problems caused by excess of zeros found in the dataset. Generalized Linear Latent and Mixed Models (GLLAMM) constitute a class of models which allows the identification of both the direct and indirect effects of rediscount rate through the inclusion of random effects in the intercept (incorporating specific effects for each bank) and other coefficients (identifying individual behavior of each bank regarding the same stimuli). The results suggest the use of overnight funds is mainly influenced by the opening amount in bank reserves, by the net value of operations in the SELIC clearinghouse, by the rediscount rate, by the volatility of in bank reserves and by the reserve requirements on demand deposits.


Objective In order to reduce the costs of Streptococcus thermophilus industrial production and improve the number of viable cells in the fermentation product,the original composition of Streptococcus thermophilus medium was optimized by response surface methodology.Methods The significant factors which affect the growth of Streptococcus thermophilus were filtered out firstly through the Plackett-Burman experimental design by Design-Expert software,then the optimized ratio of Streptococcus thermophilus medium was obtained based on the response surface method.Results Lactose,yeast powder and manganese sulphate were the significant factors for the growth of Streptococcus thermophilus;The optimized medium ratio was as follows: lactose 3.6%,yeast powder 1.74%,L-Cysteine 1.1%,beef peptone 1%,casein peptone 1%,KH2PO4 0.20%,Na2HPO4 0.20% and Tween-80 0.1%;The maximum number of viable cells reached 2.34×109 CFU/mL.Conclusion The medium which is optimized by the response surface methodology to increased the mumber of viable cells nearly 2 to 3 times compared with the classic TPY medium


The evolution in the missions' complexity of both military aircraft and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and the increase in civilian air-traffic, with limited runways, have led to the development of a new category of aircraft called Transitional Aircraft (TA). The goal of TA is to take advantages of both the characteristics of fixed-wing aircraft, like high speed, range and endurance, and of rotorcraft such as hovering, low-speed flight and Vertical Take-off and Landing (VTOL). Despite the abundant knowledge on designing both fixed-wing aircraft and rotorcraft, designing TA has proven to be a challenging process and poorly understood. Currently there is no well accepted generic methodology that can be used for designing this type of aircraft such as tiltrotor systems due to the fact that there are numerous challenges regarding the selection of the proper TA configuration. Although somewhat effective, previously developed TA suffer from problems regarding the mutual aerodynamic interaction that occurs during the transition flight phase when the aircraft transitions between fixed-wing and rotorcraft flight modes. In order to cope with these problems, this paper presents a preliminary design methodology for TA with a set of newly developed mathematical formulations that integrate traditional fixed-wing and rotorcraft aircraft design methodologies into a comprehensive TA design methodology. Due to the potential large set of TA configurations that exist and can be proposed, this paper focuses on transitional tiltrotors which have been identified as critical importance. The proposed TA design approach is used to analyze a hypothetical TA configuration under development by the authors of this paper showing that the proposed design approach can be used to prevent some of the frequent shortcomings found on previously developed aircraft. The methodology is able to assist TA designers obtain adequate power, wing, and rotor disc loadings using the developed sizing mathematical formulations for tiltrotor aircraft based on integrating the performance requirements in the fixed-wing, rotorcraft, and transition flying modes.


Stripe-patterned soft magnetic Fe20Ni80 films were fabricated on silicon substrate via radio frequency magnetron sputtering technology. The static and dynamic magnetic properties of samples were measured by a vibrating sample magnetometer and vector network analyzer. The vector network analyzer ferromagnetic resonance technique was used to analyze the experimental results, which showed that damping and in-plane uniaxial anisotropy can be tuned significantly for the samples with various stripe widths from 5 to 20 µm. A stripe-shaped anisotropy model was used to analyze the experimental results, which were in accord with the theoretical predictions. Moreover, the variation of damping was investigated in detail.


Just as this readable book may serve to soften the prejudice against Mexicans still harbored by many of our race, it is also replete with comments, facts and feelings which could diminish the pet phobias of the writer's less well informed compatriots anent the morals and deportment of their northern neighbors. We may hope that there is or will be a Spanish edition of Garf from Mexico. The English edition is an offering of a Mexican publisher which, from the standpoints of editing and printing, compares favorably with any foreign-language work of the Mexican presses. Inevitably, it includes a few misprints, errors in spelling and punctuation, but on the whole, these are fewer than might be the reasonable expectation.


A case concerning the practice of disappearance, and another concerned with torture and executions of children, in the context of war, were parallel for consideration of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights. The Gomez Paquiyauri Brothers case was the first international case concerning the protection of children in the context of an armed conflict to be adjudicated by an international tribunal where the substantive law concerning the rights of the child was examined. In contrast to the Molina Theissen case, here the defendant State denied any responsibility under the American Convention of Human Rights. Unlike most cases coming to the jurisdiction of the Inter-American Court, the facts of the Gomez Paquiyauri case had been subject to domestic criminal investigations that had led to two convictions. The Inter-American Commission, however, identified a more subtle squema of impunity emerging from the torture and killing of the Gomez Paquiyauri brothers.Keywords: armed conflict; Gomez Paquiyauri case; Inter-American Court of Human Rights; international law case; Molina Theissen case; protection of children; rights of the child


Characterization of the hole transport in blue-emitting polymers as poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene) (PFO) is strongly hindered by their large ionization potential of ∼6 eV. Using common anodes as poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/poly(styrenesulphonic acid) leads to a strongly injection limited current. We demonstrate that molybdenum trioxide forms an Ohmic hole contact on PFO, enabling the observation of a space-charge-limited current(SCLC). This allows a direct determination of the hole mobility PFO of 1.3×10−9 m2/V s at room temperature, in good agreement with previously reported mobility values determined by time-of-flight measurements.


In every choice between courage and safety, Labor chose safety. Across the full spectrum of supposed virtues, Labor chose the alternative. We witnessed a Labor campaign without courage, flair, imagination or principle. Technically, it was predictable, flat and no better than fair– average quality. The essence of the strategy was doing whatever it takes. Labor began by being as reckless as necessary to win—hence the matching of the tax cuts. Labor's recklessness was calculated. The absence of responsibility was based on the template of John Howard [in] 1996 and the three outings following. If politics is about winning—and it is hard to conjure any other purpose—the Labor campaign of 2007 was genius unparalleled.


Currently, the life time of rubber marine fender (hereafter "fender") has been evaluated by the external damage but many of large size fenders are not visually deteriorated even after over 30 years of use. But, there is a concern that material and performance maybe changed even though they show no problems. Authors studied what kind of aging is happening to the material and the performance of used fenders which were picked up from the floating oil storage tanks in the NOSB and the berths of VLCC terminals and found that the reaction force increases with a year. The rubber blocks were cut off from the used fenders and sliced into the test pieces for physical properties. The remarkable drop of strength and elongation showed only in the vicinity of surface and flat and modest increase of elasticity was seen in the main body. The Finite Element Analysis with these material properties suggested that this change of material properties to be the reason of the increase of reaction force. This tendency of aging was also obtained from the accelerated aging of rubber material and scale models. The models after aging broke earlier than the less aged models in the fatigue compression cycle tests. The ultimate aging limit was assumed about 60 to 70 years due to the fact that the models were broken at the first compression.


In this paper, the pulse current treatment on AZ31 magnesium alloy material is compared to the ordinary heat treatment of AZ31 magnesium alloy in terms of influence of the macro mechanical properties, through mechanical tensile test and microhardness measurement. By adjusting the electric pulse processing time, the different metallographic structures can be obtained, then we analyzed the differences between the two ways of dealing with the AZ31 magnesium alloy in terms of microstructure and mechanical property. The result shows that the pulse current processing on the optimization of AZ31 magnesium alloy mechanical properties better than conventional annealing heat treatment. Magnesium alloy specimen can acquire greater tensile strength and elongation after pulse current processing. What's more, static recrystallization caused by pulse current is more likely to happen compared to normal annealing heat treatment and it is easier to get more uniform fine grain through pulse current processing.


This work presents several new approaches to the construction of extensible languages, and is the first system to combine local, dynamically extensible context-free syntax with the expressive power of meta-level procedures. The unifying theme of our system is that meaning should be computed relative to local context.
We show how this theme is manifest in an implementation of a Scheme macro system which achieves hygienic macro expansion without rewriting. Additionally, our Scheme macro system makes available compile-time meta-objects for additional power in writing macros; macros that pattern match on compile-time types for optimization at macro-processing time are one example. This approach is currently in use in our RScheme implementation of Scheme.
We also show the how this approach is applied to languages with conventional syntax, using Java as an example. We present a dynamically extensible parser based on the Earley parsing algorithm. This approach is practical as well as flexible; a straightforward implementation in C parses a 600-line (2777 token) file in about 44ms on an 866hMHz Pentium III.
We also describe a language extension framework that makes possible an extensible variant of Java, in which new syntax can be supplied by the casual programmer with only limited knowledge of the underlying compiler implementation or approach. This finally makes available to Java programmers the easy access to structured macro facilities that Lisp programmers find so powerful. Finally, we demonstrate this framework by constructing a deterministic finite automaton language extension to Java.


The research presents the effects of an air gapped configuration on the compact radial line slot array antenna (RLSA). The proposed antenna is made feasible by using a coaxial feeding structure with the core is exactly before the FR4 substrate layer. This type of antenna has the ability to reduce surface wave excitation between elements which are separated by a ground plane. In this research, the varieties level of air gapped of proposed antenna is 7 mm, 8 mm and 9 mm in sequent. For high radiation efficiency antenna, it is convenient to choose the other lower permittivity of dielectric materials but it may contributes to more expensive cost since it involves with double substrates. The air-gapped antenna however has proven a better efficiency at 5.8 GHz. The optimum 7 mm gapped is capable of boosting a maximum gain up to 9.046 db with return loss of -23.5914 dB as well as 91.93% efficiency within the frequency range 5.5761 GHz to 6.2557 GHz. With all capabilities mentioned, the antenna is highly potential to be deployed for point to point application.


Trigeminal nerve mediates the perception of nasal airflow. This study examines whether impaired intranasal trigeminal function is a part of the paradoxical nasal obstruction sensation in patients with empty nose syndrome (ENS).


A CMOS driver circuit, which is configured similar to the data bits after transmitting a predetermined number of values, there is provided a tri-state condition, reducing the occurrence along the transmission channel intersymbol interference (ISI) is. In the case of the transmission channel bandwidth is limited, the use of tri-state techniques allows complete conversion to the rail during a specified bit period.


In this paper, mechanic–electric–circuit coupling algorithm based on the finite‐difference time‐domain (FDTD) method is proposed to analyze a one‐order microwave bulk acoustic wave (BAW) filter. FDTD method is used to solve the coupled mechanic–electric–circuit system equations to obtain the voltage and current at port position of the BAW filter in the time domain. Then S parameters of the BAW filter in the frequency domain are calculated using the Fourier transform. In our work, a one‐order BAW filter consists of two film bulk acoustic resonators (FBARs) by means of series and parallel. These two FBARs in the BAW filter are coupled together through an equivalent electrical connection. Similarly, multiphysical mechanic–electric–circuit analysis of the BAW filter is implemented in the commercial software COMSOL, which is realized by the time‐domain finite element method. The accuracy of the proposed method is verified by comparison with simulation results in COMSOL. In addition, the computational time and memory of the proposed method have obvious advantages over those of COMSOL.


Temperature sensing is achieved via the temperature dependance of the absorption of the evanescent field of a polished single mode fiber embedded in an absorptive medium.


ABSTRACT - The objective of this study was to identify pr omising wheat genotypes fr om the IAP AR br eeding pr ogram for cr ossesby multivariate techniques. Measur es of dissimilarity between genotypes wer e obtained fr om multicategoric variables. T o identifyclusters, Tocher optimization and UPGMA were used. The genotypes were divided into five diverging groups, indicating a widegenetic base of the wheat br eeding pr ogram of the Agricultural Resear ch Institute of Parana (IAP AR). As indicated by the geneticdistance, cr osses involving the cultivars IPR 85 and IPR 1 18 seem to be the most pr omising to incr ease genetic gains in both grainand flour quality as well as for agronomic parameters.Key words : Triticum aestivum L., genetic improvement, multivariate analysis. INTRODUCTIONIn recent years, the development of more productivewheat varieties with higher industrial quality hassignificantly increased. Due to selection by farmers andmore recently with scientific research work, both wheatarea and yield have increased in Brazil (Bacaltchuck andSilva 2001).Since wheat production in Brazil was 5.02 milliontons in 2009 (Conab 2010), covering only part of thenational demand, efforts should be made to develop newcultivars to supply the domestic market in coming years.In breeding programs using hybridization, as in thecase of wheat, the parental selection is the first stage of abreeding program. According to Harlan (1992), thevariability within and between species is closely relatedto their evolution.In the Wheat Breeding Program of the AgriculturalResearch Institute of Parana (IAP AR) hundreds of crossesare performed each year between adapted varieties andsources of characteristics required for cultivation andindustrialization of new cultivars for high yield potential,resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses and technologicalquality (Riede 2001).Since the beginning of the domestication process,wheat was subjected to intensive human manipulation,altering the genetic basis (Bered et al. 2000). Wheat is ayoung species, derived from few plants, limiting the geneticdiversity . To overcome a series of biotic and abiotic barriers,an expansion of the genetic diversity in wheat has becomeimperative (Cunha et al. 2008).Knowledge on the differences in genetic constitutionswithin or between groups of genotypes is highly importantfor any breeding program. The importance is given by the


Fault voltage and fault current have nonlinear and timing characteristics. To deeply study the importance of each characteristic variable for fault line selection and fault location of the distribution network, a fault line selection and fault location method based on a random forest (RF) algorithm was proposed. The location function is completed simultaneously based on line selection by improving the random forest sub-model. The proposed network amplifies the single label system to the multi-label task network, which facilitates the better expression of fault data features, improves the feature extraction ability of the network, and dramatically reduces the time of fault diagnosis. In this study, the fault data obtained by Simulink simulation is used as the training set, and the RF model is established based on the Scikit-Learn framework. The results show that this model has a high fault line selection rate and small location error. It can be used as an auxiliary means of distribution network fault diagnosis.


This paper presents an alternative method of calculating excess ratios for workers compensation insurance. While the method shares many similarities with that presented by Gillam [1], there are important differences in approach. The (adjusted) data is relied upon directly for lower limits. For higher limits this is supplemented by a mixed Pareto-exponential distribution fitted to the (adjusted) data.


The maintenance of university stability is the dynamic process,which is the interests of the students,teacher-centered and for the balanced campus conflicts,coordinating the interests of all parties aspirations,resolving conflicts,and maintaining harmony and stability of universities.The steady state of universities often is the important measure of social stability,and the maintenance of university stability is critical and important part of the maintenance of social stability.To make the maintenance of university stability become the efficient operation,it is necessary for us to innovate new ideas,starting from the perspective of social management and introducing the concept of public service,and providing a kinds of interests expressed,interest demands and the coordination of interests of the operation mechanism for universities' parties and interest groups.


This paper presents the performance of a set of microwave monolithic integrated circuits (MMICs) developed for application in a 6/4-GHz satellite repeater. These include a 6-GHz low-noise amplifier, a broadband feedback amplifier, a dual-gate FET module with on-chip TTL compatible switch driver, and a broadband digital (programmable) attenuator. The low-noise amplifier is a two-stage cascade with measured gain of 21 dB and noise figure of 1.7 dB at 6 GHz. The feedback amplifier is also a cascaded two-stage with a measured gain of 9 dB + 0.5 dB across 2-6 GHz bandwidth. The measured on-state gain and on-to-off isolation of the dual-gate FET switch are 10 dB and 50 dB, respectively, over a frequency range of 3-7 GHz. The digital attenuator has 15.5-dB dynamic range and a resolution of 0.5 dB with excellent phase tracking characteristics over a measured range of 0.05 GHz to 14 GHz. The feedback amplifier and FET switch modules were developed for use at the C-band satellite up-link (6 GHz) and down-link (4 GHz) bands. The digital attenuator was developed for use in both the C-band and the 14/11-GHz Ku-band satellite transponders.


Welcome to this edition of the British Journal of Nursing Tissue Viability Supplement. This issue, as ever, is full of articles aimed at assisting readers in developing their clinical practice, which is what our readers have come to expect from the supplement.


A multi-output power supply which contains a negative voltage output is proposed.It is used in the Plasma Display Panel(PDP) for the Y electrode driving circuit.According to the working conditions in the circuit,it adopts the topology of flyback converter and uses a transformer with several coupling windings of different turns ratio in order to achieve three different voltage output.Moreover,the operational principle of the single-flyback converter and the negative voltage output circuit are presented.The paper also investigates the influence of the main output on the subordinative outputs.And the experimental results are listed at the end of paper to verify the proposed power supply.


Objective To study the correlation between serum 25OHD level with clinical indications of acute coronary syndrome patients. Methods 78 ACS patients were divided into two groups, AMI and UA. Their serum 25OHD was measured by ELISA method and compared with health control groups. The difference about the sex/age/complications and severity degree of disease between the 25OHD25 nmol/L with 25OHD≥25 nmol/L groups were evaluated. The serum MMP9 level of ACS patients were detected by ELISA and evaluated the correlation with 25OHD. The measurement data used t test. The enumeration data used X2 test. The correlation compare used Pearson analysis. Results 25OHD was obviously decreased in the ACS patients compared to the health control group (P=0.000), the mean value were 21.2±10.7 nmol/L and 35.3±23.1 nmol/L, respectively. The percentage of serum 25OHD level less than 25 nmol/L in the AMI patients was 86.8% which was higher than the UA patients(P0.05). The deficiency of vitaminD was more often in the ACS patients with hypertension or diabetic. There was a negative correlation between 25OHD with MMP9(r=―0.768,P=0.000). Conclusion 25OHD seems to correlation with cardiovascular risk factors, and may play an important role in the pathogenesis mechanism of the acute coronary syndrome.


Fractures are a disabling clinical outcome after kidney transplantation (KTx), with incidence 5 to 34 times higher expected in males and females, respectively. Denosumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody that binds to RANKL with high affinity and specificity, blocking the interaction of RANKL with RANK, mimicking the endogenous effects of osteoprotegerina, increase bone mineral density; however, its effects to reduce the risk of vertebral fractures and ameliorate BMD remain undefinite in the KTx.

 Thirteen kidney recipients (aged from 50 to 79 yy, 6.2 + 5.5 (SD) yy after KTx), 6 M and 7 F (all postmenopausal) with nearly normal renal function (creat. 1.1+-0.31 mg/dl), affected by low energy vertebral fractures (21 dorsal and 1 lumbar vertebrae), evaluated by morphometric X-ray absorptiometry (Hologic DQR-4500A), were treated with denosumab (four 60-mg doses of denosumab Q6M) over 24 months. Data for vertebral heights and height ratios (P-A), covering 9 vertebral bodies were obtained, besides the data of vertebral, femural and radius BMD.The immunosuppressive regimen consisted of CNI (TAC or CsA), MMF and 8 out of 13 patients were still taking prednisone. Bone mineral metabolism parameters (whole-PTH, 25OHD3 and alcaline phosphatase) were also evaluated.

 No sides effects were observed, and all Patients concluded the study.After two years of denosumab treatment, we observed a significative reduction of vertebral T-score (from -2.12 +- 0.35 (SE) to -1.67+-0.35; p< .02), while T score of femural and radius did not show significative variation (-1.86+-0.21 versus -1.84+- 0.23 and -3.04+-0.42 versus -3.19+-0.45, respectively). The number of low energy vertebral fractures, basal versus two years control, had increased for only two dorsal vertebral fractures. However, to one of two subjects, with new dorsal vertebral fractures, was administered high dose of methylprednison for a severe kidney reject. No variations were observed in whole-PTH (89.31+-19.9 versus 68.38+-9.8 pg/ml), 25OHD3 (24.02+-2.75 versus 26.67+-2.29 ug/dl) and alcaline phosphatase (78.46+-12.73 versus 56.77+-7.14 UI).

 Treatment with denosumab improve BMD at vertebral site in KTx, despite continuous steroid therapy and reduce the risk of new low energy vertebral fractures


Professor Kenneth C. Davis explains that sometimes discretionary power can be too restricted, while at other times it can be too broad. If...


The nascent technological advancement offered a highly complex and competitive environment where service providers are experimenting new options of seamless service in minimum time with the motif of spearheading competitiveness. As the lifestyle of the generation-z citizens are accelerating at jet speed, the expectations of the human beings are to accomplish every job in no time with the help of enhanced Technologies. The more and more technologies are raising, the human wishes are expanding its horizon of expectations by setting up new exceptional targets. One of the major successful technologies that are enabled to provide its best is Wireless Technology. Since then, a lot of wireless technologies have been emerged out. This paper deals with the Zig-Bee wireless technology that is based on an IEEE 802.15 standards. It is developed by Zig-Bee Alliance which is the amalgamation of Ember, Honeywell, Invensys, Mitsubishi, Motorola, Philips, and Samsung etc. Zig-Bee networks provide low cost networks and facilitate low power utilization with low data rate. In this paper, the performance of the network is evaluated with the help of certain parameters.


Legal personality (also juristic personality and artificial personality) is the characteristic of a non-living entity regarded by law to have the status of personhood. It allows one or more natural persons to act as a single entity (a composite person) for legal purposes. Legal personality, in many jurisdiction, allows that composite to be considered under law separately from its individual members or shareholder. They may sue and be sued, enter contracts, incur debts, and own property. Entities with legal personality may also be subject to certain legal obligations, such as payment of taxes, and may shield their shareholders from personal liability.
This study explores the related concepts of corporate legal personality and limited liability In Bahraini Law of Companies, which are central to developing understanding of companies' law and are essential that one is devised to take time here to absorb these fundamental principles.


For generations, grandparents around the world have played a significant and valuable role in the family system. The role of grandparents has changed considerably in the past few decades, with many finding they are providing not only occasional child care but physical and emotional support for their grandchildren while the parents work, study and manage personal or health issues. Approximately 90% of grandparents report being satisfied with the relationship they share with their grandchildren. Attachment theorists suggest that, next to parents, grandparents can offer their grandchildren a warm, safe and stable environment when their parents are not available or during times of upheaval and stress.


This quantitative and qualitative analysis of syllabuses indicates difficulties in the relation between history teaching in upper secondary schools and in higher education. Using analytical tools s ...


We have identified three aims for your work over the coming days. Before i go into details, let me briefly remark that the hours on the schedule are the minimum deemed necessary for completing the assignments; this is an advanced course, we count on your initiative, interest and active involvement. after completing your assignments, you should have gained basic knowledge of several methods useful for research on the sustainable Development (sD) of


The epoxide (8) reacts with PhSLi to give Horner–Wittig intermediate (9) and hence the allyl sulphide (10). The stereochemistry and reactions of the intermediates are described.


Photosynthesis of porous silicon is reported for the first time with visible‐light irradiation in a hydrofluoric acid solution, which does not need any electrodes for anodization. The photosynthesized porous layer consisted of microparticles, and the photoluminescence spectra were very close to those of anodized porous silicons. The formation of the porous layer was dependent on the wavelength of the incident light, and the simultaneous irradiation of an ultraviolet light did not form the porous layer. The mechanism is discussed with the quantum confinement model of the porous layer.


In this report the usefulness of the Camitz's method for opponensplasty was discussed.In the last 5 years we have practiced opponensplaysty by the Camitzs method on 11 hands in 11 cases, which consist of 7 cases of carpal tunnel syndrome, 3 cases of traumatic lesion and 1 case of congenital anomaly. Of these cases, 3 were male and 8 were female patients, ranging in age from 7 to 79 years old (48 years and 6 months old on the average). The postoperative time ranges from 6 months to 4 years 7 months (2 years 2 months on the average).The results of this procedure were evaluated by examining the angle of palmar abduction, nail angle, pinchable range, pinching force and buttoning ability.The angle of palmar abduction was obtained of more than 40 degrees in all cases. The nail angle was obtained of more than 120 degrees in 7 cases and less than 120 degrees in 4 cases. In pinchable range, pulp pinch was freasible with more than third finger. Pinching force over 3kg and satisfactory buttoning function were acqired by all of the cases except one cases, which had 1kg of pinching force because of imperfect repair of the injured flexor pollicis longus tendon.In conclusion, the Camitz's method may be a useful procedure for opponense insufficiency due to low median nerve palsy in not only young patients but also aged ones.


. A new self-contained Horizontal Plankton Sampler (HOPLASA) collects near-reef plankton that is not captured by conventional net tows and emergence traps. An electrical motor-propeller assembly inside a large acrylic cylinder drives water past an in-line flowmeter and through a rigidly attached plankton net. When positioned in the coral reef environment this sampling gear filters known quantities of bottom water. Larvae and developmental stages of many invertebrates and some fishes that never migrate to upper water layers but constitute an important fraction of the food chain are captured. Larvae of sponges, corals, and gorgonians, the most important animal reef builders, are obtained live and undamaged and can be cultured in the laboratory for identification after metamorphosis.


Location of manufacturing and service activities in urban areas are guided by planning principles and standards, expressed in either structure plans or land use development plans. Though Local authorities are the major overseers on the implementation of approved structure plans based on the advice of Urban Planners and consultants on environmental protection and sustainability, unfortunately, there appears to be sporadic emergence of filling stations within the City of Kitwe in Zambia that raises the questions, "What are the locational determinants for filling stations in urban areas in Zambia?" What is the public's perception on location of filling stations in the City of Kitwe? What are the possible factors that influence filling stations' locations in Kitwe? Are filling stations located according to established planning standards, guidelines and regulations in the City of Kitwe? These are questions that require empirical investigations in view of the possible inflammatory consequences of the service. The paper is an exploratory study that applied a cross-sectional descriptive research design to find answers to the research questions and to validate the following hypotheses: Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Criteria is positively related to the location of filling stations in Kitwe; Entrepreneurs preferential location choices is positively related to location of filling stations; and Planning principles, standards and regulations positively influence locations of filling stations in the City of Kitwe. The t-test statistics was used to validate the hypotheses. The main finding was that, filling stations are located influenced by choices made by service station entrepreneurs. Keywords: Public Perceptions, filling stations, location, planning standards, Kitwe


Introduction: Previous studies have reported long delays from symptom onset to diagnosis of IPF. Aim: To assess time from symptom onset to diagnosis of IPF and compare clinical characteristics of patients who had long, typical, or short delays in diagnosis. Methods: Data from patients with newly diagnosed IPF participating in the Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Prospective Outcomes (IPF-PRO) Registry were used to estimate the distribution of time from symptom onset to patients receiving a confirmed diagnosis of IPF. The cohort was stratified into quartiles of patients with a long (≥75th percentile), typical (between 25th and 75th percentile) or short (≤25th percentile) time from symptom onset to diagnosis and the clinical characteristics of these groups at enrollment into the registry were compared. Results: Of the first 424 patients enrolled, 300 patients had data available on time to diagnosis from symptom onset. Median (25th, 75th percentile) time from symptom onset to diagnosis of IPF was 12.6 (7.1, 26.3) months. There were no significant differences in clinical characteristics including age, oxygen use, pulmonary function, and 6-minute walk test distance between patients with a long, typical, or short time from symptom onset to diagnosis, except that patients with a longer time from symptom onset to diagnosis had worse symptoms based on the CASA-Q cough symptom and impact domains and worse health-related quality of life based on the SGRQ total and activity scores. Conclusion: Data from the IPF-PRO Registry suggest that while time to diagnosis of IPF appears to be shorter than previously reported, a quarter of patients were not diagnosed for ≥26 months after symptom onset.


This paper presents the Distributed Magnetic Local Positioning System, which can be used by a mobile robot to measure absolute position and attitude, even in the cluttered environment of an office building or warehouse. The system is based on extremely low frequency magnetic fields, which have excellent characteristics for penetrating line-of-sight obstructions. Multiple beacons distributed throughout a building are used to generate the fields using an orthogonal set of pseudorandom codes. This signal architecture results in low overall frequency content, reducing eddy field noise, while maintaining good performance versus additive white Gaussian noise.


-Zimbabwe"s public sector organisations have been on spotlight on performance related issues in the last two decades. Owing to new developments on the governance of public sector enterprises across the globe, with the rising need for governments to be held accountable for results, the Zimbabwean government engaged in various strategies to improve its performance. These have included the restructuring, privatisation and also commercialisation of some state-owned enterprises in an attempt to make them more effective. This research serves to analyse the commercialisation of Zimbabwe"s Central Mechanical Equipment Department (CMED), which falls under the Ministry of Transport. The primary interest was to analyse the challenges and opportunities for HR as a result of the commercialisation, where it is believed that the commercialisation would change the senior management"s expectations of HR in the organisation, and ultimately the role of the HR function in supporting corporate strategy, in an organisation whose mission now includes generating a profit. The research was largely influenced by postmodernism and was qualitative in nature. Its central argument is that any strategic change in an organisation provides opportunities and challenges for HR Practitioners to add value, and that this value addition of HR is influenced by its source of legitimacy in the organisation and the dominant values of the source. Using a sample of 45 employees in the organisation, who included 15 managerial employees (selected using purposive sampling method) and 30 non-managerial employees (selected using stratified random and simple random sampling methods), primary data was collected using semi-structured interviews for the former and self-administered questionnaires for the later. Secondary data was collected using company documents and other documents in the public domain. Findings reveal a lot of opportunities for HR to add value and demonstrate its value addition, particularly considering the profit orientation of the organisation and the positioning of the HR function in the organisation"s structure. Challenges abound however, where there still remains some bureaucratisation of the organisation, and the influence of national politics in the operations of the entity. A conclusion is drawn to the effect that commercialisation creates a fertile ground for the practice of good HRM and demonstratable value addition.


In order to coordinate multiple different scheduling objectives from the perspectives of economy, environment and users, a practical multi-objective dynamic optimal dispatch model incorporating energy storage and user experience is proposed for isolated microgrids. In this model, besides Microturbine units, energy storage is employed to provide spinning reserve services for microgirds; and furthermore, from the perspective of demand side management, a consumer satisfaction indicator is developed to measure the quality of user experience. A two-step solution methodology incorporating multi-objective optimization (MOO) and decision analysis is put forward to address this model. First, a powerful heuristic optimization algorithm, called the {\theta}-dominance based evolutionary algorithm, is used to find a well-distributed set of Pareto-optimal solutions of the problem. And thereby, the best compromise solutions (BCSs) are identified from the entire solutions with the use of decision analysis by integrating fuzzy C-means clustering and grey relation projection. The simulation results on the modified Oak Ridge National Laboratory Distributed Energy Control and Communication lab microgrid test system demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.


The public service presents a unique challenge for tort law. For historic and practical reasons it has no separate legal identity from the Crown. Modern public bodies have outgrown this framework; they have developed an institutional nature, relying on systems to co-ordinate the work of individual public servants operating as an integrated unit. Consequently, plaintiffs increasingly claim "systemic negligence ": an allegation the fault of which lies with a flaw in the system itself Properly defined, it is a discrete head of direct liability incompatible with the existing framework. In theory, systemic negligence is a better deterrent and assigns moral responsibility fairly because it reflects the true source of liability-inducing behaviour. Tort law's distributive function is more problematic; the individualistic nature of a tort claim appears to contradict he public service's focus on the good of the community. Further, systemic negligence requires courts to consider the merits of polycentric allocative decisions. However, these concerns are ameliorated if courts show a degree of deference when determining if the standard of care has been breached A two-pronged approach is required for reform. First, an evidential duty should be imposed on the public body in cases of systemic negligence. The strictness of the duty should adjust according to the level of allocative decision involved Secondly, legislative amendments are required to explicitly introduce systemic negligence as adistinct form of liability.


The Daniel K Inouye Solar Telescope, under construction in Maui, is designed to perform high-resolution spectropolarimetric visible and infrared measurements of the Sun, and will annually produce 3 PB of data, via 5x108 images and 2x1011 metadata elements requiring calibration, long-term data management, and open and free distribution. After briefly describing the DKIST and its instrument suite, we provide an overview of functions that the DKIST Data Center will provide, and focus on major challenges in its development. We conclude by discussing approach and mention some technologies that the Data Center team is using to develop a petascale computational and data storage resource to support this unique world-class DKIST facility and support its long-term scientific and operational goals.


Ⅰ. INTRODUCTIONMeanders are a common river channel pattern. It is generally accepted that comparatively low sediment concentration, especially when bed material load is considered, is one of the fundamental conditions for the formation of meanders. With an increased sediment concentration, the river channel pattern will be transformed from a meandering one to a braided one. However, in our opinion, this holds true only for rivers whose sediment concentration is within the normal range. In studying alluvial rivers in wide valleys on the Loess


Morphology of the liver was compared by light and electron microscopy of 13 children with glycogen storage disease. The results were correlated with biochemical enzyme assays of liver tissue and of leucocytes to determine whether ultrastructural criteria could be used to differentiate glucose-6-phosphatase de-ciency (type I), debranching enzyme deficiency (type III)


The characteristics of traditional acoustic vortices (AVs) were verified by the cross-sectional axisymmetric pressure distributions with perfect phase spirals around the center pressure null. In order to generate a non-axisymmetric pressure distribution, the concept of power-exponent-phase was first introduced into the formation of AV beams, named "power-exponent-phase acoustic vortices (PAVs)" in this paper. Based on a ring-array of sector transducers, the helical distribution of the low-pressure valley in cross-sections of PAVs, which enables particles to move from a distant position to the center low-potential well along a certain spiral passageway, was proved theoretically. The particle manipulation behavior for PAVs with a power order of 2 is numerically modeled and experimentally confirmed. The results show that PAVs with a non-axisymmetric spiral pressure distribution can be used to realize the directional transport of particles in an enlarged scope, suggesting prospective application potential in biomedical engineering.


This paper is based on an analysis and of the introduction and scaling processes of a health management information system in the public health care system of an Indian state. The system is developed and implemented by an international action-research network in close collaboration with the local health department. The purpose of the system is to improve health information circulation and use within the health system by establishing action-nets to get institutionalized into organizational practices. Data is being collected by directly participating in this project within an action research framework. This ongoing initiative is presented by introducing the two main organizations involved (the health services and HISP, the implementing organization), and then focusing on the way they are interweaving part of their activities around the health management information system. The conclusive part discusses how this process is relevant for learning and the scaling up of these kinds of systems.


Dara, S. K. 2015. Virus decline of strawberry in California and the role of insect vectors and associated viruses. Plant Health Progress doi:10.1094/PHP-MR-15-0023 Greenhouse white fly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood); western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande); and strawberry aphid, Chaetosiphon fragaefolii (Cockerell), are common pests of strawberries in California and are vectors of one or more viruses. Most of the viruses transmitted by these vectors do not cause symptoms on strawberry when the infection occurs individually. However, when one of the viruses (Beet pseudoyellows virus or Strawberry pallidosis-associated virus) transmitted by T. vaporariorum is present along with one of the viruses transmitted by F. occidentalis, C. fragaefolii, or other sources, it results in a virus decline of strawberry, which can cause significant crop losses. Stunted root and plant growth, purple coloration of foliage, and dieback of the plant are some of the symptoms associated with virus decline. Increases in T. vaporariorum infestations during the past few years significantly elevated the risk of whitefly as a crop pest and a disease vector. This article reviews virus decline of strawberry, symptoms of infection, and the current status of insect vectors in California strawberries.


Few studies have comprehensively evaluated the effect of changing land use on the soil quality in the Ecuadorian Amazon region that is subject to continued deforestation processes. This study evaluated the influence of different types of land use on soil quality using an integrated soil quality index (SQI) with a minimum set of indicators, based on 140 soil samples from 7 land use types, in seven productive distinct landscapes in Pastaza Province, Ecuador. The land use type evaluated was Chakra_A, Chakra_B, Chakra_C, Cattle_A, Cattle_B, Cattle_C, and Forest. Land use type had significant effects on soil properties and thus on soil quality. SQI was developed by using, AP, Zn, TOC, BD, and LL; AP and Zn had highest weighting values (0.38), which indicated that these indicators contributed the most to final SQI. In general, the SQI varied significantly depending on the type of land use and two groups were established: the first categorized as of moderate quality with mean SQI values of 0.45, 0.44, and 0.41 for Chakra_A, Forest and Chakra_B, respectively; while the second group registered average SQI values of 0.33, 0.33, 0.32, and 0.30 for Chakra_C, Cattle_C, Cattle_A and Cattle_B, respectively, considered of low quality. The methods used are applicable to the study of changes in soil properties as functions of agroforestry systems, which are generated by changes in land use in similar landscape of the Ecuadorian Amazon.


The French NDC currently receives data from a number of IMS‐type infrasound stations. Continuous automatic processing of the data is being performed in the [0.02–4] Hz frequency band in order to detect and characterize coherent infrasonic waves. Known and quasi permanent infrasonic sources are needed to evaluate and improve upper‐wind models. Microbaroms are detected throughout the year on a global scale. Their monitoring reveals clear periodic trends in the detected bearings, providing further confirmation that long‐range propagation strongly depends on the atmospheric conditions, primarily on the seasonal variability of the zonal winds. Infrasounds generated by active volcanoes also offer a unique opportunity for atmospheric studies. Recent observations in Vanuatu (New‐Hebrides Islands) covering one full year show a maximal peak‐to‐peak azimuth deviation of ∼15. Infrasound observations are used as input of an inversion procedure to evaluate more precisely the vertical structure of the wind above the stratosphere in a range of altitude unaccessible to ground based or satellite measurements. With the increasing number of IMS stations being deployed, continuing systematic investigations into infrasonic signals from volcanoes will certainly help to advance the development of operational infrasound monitoring, and significant contributions to the understanding of atmospheric propagation could be expected.


Objective To comprehend the infant mortality and its death reasons in Dongcheng and to provide scientific basis for health administrative department, and to formulates some related policy. Methods The investigation was carried out by means of a case - control - study, which made a survey of the death among 307 infants in Doncheng between 1991 and 2000. Results The average infant mortality was 9.65‰, while the male and the female were respectively 11.52‰ and 7.73‰(X2 = 12.34, P 0.05), The result showed a significant defference. The first 2 proportional mortality rates were congenital anomalies and newborn diseases. Conclusions The first reason which threatened the infant health is congenital anomalies and the next is newborn diseases.


Abstract : Awareness of the dependencies between cyber assets, missions and users is critical to assessing the mission impact of cyber attacks and maintaining continuity of business operations. However, there is no systematic method for defining the complex mapping between cyber assets (hardware, software, data), missions and users. This paper reports the results of an interdisciplinary workshop on how to map relationships between cyber assets and the users, missions, business processes and other entities that depend on those assets. The workshop yielded information about types of impact assessment beyond mission and financial analyses; scenarios illustrating the complex relationships between assets, mission and users; and models for expressing those relationships. The results will be used to develop a system that will automatically populate an ontology from commonly available network data and allow computer network defense, information technology and disaster recovery practitioners to query the system for information about the impact of the loss or degradation a cyber asset.


Introduction: Na-MRI at high-field strengths (>3T) has proven to be a unique modality for monitoring renal function non-invasively after pharmacological interventions in animal models [1-2]. Nevertheless, performing in-vivo studies on clinical MR-systems simplifies transferring newly-developed Na-MRI methods to clinical diagnostic imaging, although the lower field strengths represent a major drawback. The aim of this work was to demonstrate the feasibility of in-vivo Na-MRI with optimized signal sensitivity at 3T. For this purpose, a double-tuned transceiver RF resonator system was developed, which allowed for H and Na MR signal detection from both kidneys without the need for replacing the coil system. Furthermore, an RF interface was integrated for splitting of the transceiver power and switching between receive and transmit modes. Finally, the resonator system was evaluated by monitoring furosemide-induced temporal Na signal changes in the medulla and cortex with sufficient spatial and temporal resolution at 3T. Methods: The resonator system used for bilateral Na/H-MRI of kidney was a double-tuned transceiver (TXRX) surface coil which was saddle-shaped in order to maximize the measured signal sensitivity in kidneys (see Fig. 4). The H frequency (123.2 MHz) was tuned by the fixed-value capacitors (C_H1 and C_H2) and the tuning trap circuit composed of C_trap and L_trap. The H matching was achieved through a trimmer capacitor (C_match_H). The Na RF path included a H trap circuit composed of L_block and C_block, which eliminated the H signal and allowed for matching using a series variable capacitor (C_match_Na). At the higher H frequency of 123.2 MHz the Na capacitors C_Na1 and C_Na2 posed low impedances and the capacitors behaved like a short circuit. For tuning of Na resonance circuit at 32.586 MHz, a tuning trimmer capacitor (C_tune_Na) was mounted in parallel to the C_Na1 and C_Na_2 (see Fig. 1). For balancing purposes, the resonance circuit was designed with split fixed value capacitors. Remotely variable matching and tuning was achieved on a circuit board to which the resonance coil was connected. The Q-factor ratio of unloaded to loaded was measured to be 216/146 for Na-channel and 229/173 for H-channel. A homogeneous phantom containing 0.9% NaCl-solution was used to acquire sensitivity profile of the both channels (Fig. 3a-b). The custom-built RF coil interface (STARK CONTRAST, Erlangen, Germany) is composed of a frequency power splitter, a H switch between linear transmit and receive modes, and a Na switch between linear or quadrature transmit and receive modes including a phase-shifter (Fig. 2a). In this study, the H and Na signals were generated and acquired in linear mode. The Na/H TXRX RF resonator (Fig. 2b,c) was connected to the linear ports of the RF coil interface and then, it was connected to the scanner. Furosemide is a loop diuretic which reduces NaCl reabsorption in the loop of Henle. Hence, the corticomedullary osmotic gradient is abolished resulting in reduced medullary Na signal and increased urine production. Na-Kidney-MRI was used to monitor the spatial changes in Na after diuretics administration. The Na-MR measurements were performed on a 3T Magnetom TIM Trio system (Siemens, Erlangen). A 3D density adapted radial sequence [3] was adjusted for short TE (0.5ms) with 1.5mm3 nominal voxel resolution, TR=57ms, 10min acquisition time, and 60Hz/pixel bandwidth. The H reference image was acquired prior to Na scanning using a 3D VIBE sequence with TE/TR = 2.4ms/10ms, and a resolution of 0.5 x 0.5 x 1 mm. The Na measurements took about 50 min with a scan time of 10 min each. A bolus of furosemide (10 ml/kg body weight) was administered intravenously in a Wistar rat (300 g) after the first Na MR-image. Na scans were performed for up to 40 min after bolus injection. Results: The MR signal sensitivity profile of the Na/H TXRX resonator was demonstrated using a homogeneous phantom of 5cm diameter filled with 0.9% NaCl solution (Fig. 3a,b). The abdominal H MR image showing both kidneys in a transaxial slice is presented in Fig. 3 c. The co-registered Na-MR images prior to and after furosemide injection are shown for every 10 min of acquisition period in Fig. 4. The characteristic decrease in the Na signal within the inner medulla of both kidneys after furosemide injection was measured to be about -50±2%. In the cortical medullar tissue the Na signal was increased about +37±12%. These values are in good agreement with the recently published values [1]. Discussion and Conclusion: The newly-developed transceiver resonator system allowed for acquiring H and Na images without the need to exchange resonators inbetween the H and Na scans. Furthermore, the dual-tuned resonator system solved the issue of missing shimming for the single-tuned X-nuclei MR resonators on human scanners. The shimming could now be effectively performed on H signal to achieve a homogeneous B0 field – a necessary condition for Na MRI. The integration of the hardware using a TXRX RF interface will be a possibility for future multinuclear MRI applications in preclinical, as well as in clinical use. The short TE (<500μs) and sensitivity-optimized surface resonator enabled fast acquisition of Na kidney images within 10min per scan, which allowed to study the fast Na change after furosemide injection. The decrease in medulla and increase in cortex has been measured before and the herein reported values matched to those in the literature exceptionally well. In conclusion, the preclinical renal MR investigation on a human scanner was demonstrated to be feasible despite the field strength penalty. Further measurements are needed to determine the accuracy of Na MR measurements in the renal tissue, and to establish this powerful imaging technique for absolute quantification of the sodium concentration. References: [1] Maril et al., Kidney Int. 55:545-552 (2005). [2] Neuberger et al., MRM 58(5):1067-71 (2007); [3] Nagel et al., MRM 62, 1565-1573 (2009).


Effects of different concentrations of chlortetracycline(CTC)and 4-epi-chlortetracycline(ECTC)on the growth and the activities of antioxidant enzymes in rape and the accumulation of CTC and ECTC in seedlings were studied by using water culture method.The results showed that seedling height and root length significantly reduced,compared to the control,and the root elongation could be recommended as a sensitive indicator to assess crops eco-toxicity of CTC and ECTC.The activities of antioxidant enzymes as superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD)and catalase(CAT)induced by CTC and ECTC at concentration ranges of 1~30 mg.L-1 were higher than the control.When rape seedling was stressed by 1 mg.L-1 and 10 mg.L-1 of CTC and ECTC,the activities of SOD and POD were enhanced,but declined by 30 mg.L-1.SOD,POD removed oxygen free radical in coordination with CAT at concentration levels of 1 mg.L-1 and 10 mg.L-1 of CTC and ECTC.However,at a concentration of 30 mg.L-1,CTC and ECTC would cause certain oxidative damage on rape seedling.The difference of antioxidant enzyme system suggested that ability of rape seedling anti-CTC stress was stronger than anti-ECTC.With the concentration of CTC and ECTC increased,the contents of them accumulated in seedlings were increased,which could result in a potential food safety risk.


Abstract : This volume contains papers presented at Symposium H, "Molecular Electronics," held November 29-December 2 at the 1999 MRS Fall Meeting in Boston, Massachusetts. As Si-based microelectronics marches to ever-smaller feature sizes, the point is rapidly approaching when conventional MOSFETs will no longer operate. Such devices depend on the concept of "doped regions" which can be envisioned to be ever so small until you get to the point where there is only a handful of dopant atoms. Tunneling across ultra-thin films is another major issue. Single molecules as active device elements is a concept that goes back to the 1970's, but in recent years very substantial progress has been made in synthesizing molecules suitable for such purposes. Carbon nanotubes have been a prime candidate for both nanowires and active devices. Molecules as small as single benzene rings, and larger, more complex molecules have been synthesized and measured, showing reproducible current-voltage characteristics. Unusual features are large negative differential resistance and large shifts of resonant peaks as functions of temperature.


Background: It has been reported that inflammatory cell infiltration can be detected in patients with endoscopically negative gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) as well as those with erosive reflux esophagitis. In this study, we examined the expression of mRNA for interleukin (IL)‐8, a potent chemokine for neutrophils, in the esophageal mucosa of patients with GERD and compared the results with their endoscopic findings and symptoms. Methods: Biopsy samples were obtained from 80 patients. Endoscopic diagnosis was performed according to the Los Angeles classification. Patients with typical symptoms such as heartburn despite normal endoscopic findings were classified as the non‐erosive GERD group. Total cellular RNA was extracted from the biopsy samples and IL‐8 mRNA was quantified by real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Localization of IL‐8 protein in the esophageal mucosa was done by immunostaining. Results: Expression of IL‐8 mRNA was correlated with the endoscopic grade of esophagitis or with inflammatory cell infiltration, but not with the symptoms of the patients. Expression of IL‐8 mRNA was also detected in all patients with non‐erosive GERD. The level of IL‐8 expression in non‐erosive GERD was low compared with that in erosive GERD, but was higher than that in normal controls. IL‐8 immunostaining was found in the basal layers of the esophageal mucosa. Administration of lansoprazole, a proton‐pump inhibitor, decreased both IL‐8 mRNA and protein levels in the esophageal mucosa. Conclusion: These results suggest that IL‐8 in the esophageal mucosa may be involved in the pathogenesis of esophageal inflammation, including non‐erosive GERD.


The fisheye image has severe distortions, which is not in line with human visual habits and brings inconvenience to its application. This paper classifies them into spherical structural distortion and optical distortion, and proposes a fisheye image correction method based on 3D control field. First, the spherical transformation radius and the optical center of the fisheye image are accurately solved, and the fisheye image is corrected by combining the spherical perspective projection; then, the distortion model of the fisheye camera is introduced into the DLT model to calibrate the optical distortion, and the results are used to recorrect the image. This method has been experimentally proven to be fast and effective.


Anna Edwards was a very happy woman. It was her last day as Managing Director of Precision Powerplants and she was looking forward to a few months of rest and relaxation on the sunny Cote d'Azur with her husband Chris while she pondered her next move. She knew that she was leaving the company in good shape for her successor (whoever that happened to be: there were several candidates from both inside and outside the organisation who were being put through the on-going 'beauty contest') and felt very satisfied with the progress that the organisation had made on her watch and the transformation that she had overseen.


Our objective was to describe the association between unilateral fetal renal abnormalities and other major anomalies that were not apparent in the second trimester.


In the biosynthesis of the macrolactam antibiotic cremimycin, the 3-aminononanoic acid starter unit is formed via a non-2-enoyl acyl carrier protein thioester intermediate, which is pre-sumed to be constructed by cis-acyltransferase (AT) polyke-tide synthases (PKSs) CmiP2, CmiP3 and CmiP4. While ca-nonical cis-AT PKS modules are comprised of a single poly-peptide, the PKS module formed by CmiP2 and CmiP3 is split within the dehydratase (DH) domain. Here, we report the en-zymatic function and the structural features of this split-DH domain. In vitro analysis showed that the split-DH domain catalyzes the dehydration reaction of (R)-3-hydroxynonanoyl N-acetylcysteamine thioester (SNAC) to form (E)-non-2-enoyl-SNAC, suggesting that the split-DH domain is catalyti-cally active in cremimycin biosynthesis. Further, structural analysis revealed that CmiP2 and CmiP3 subunits of the split-DH domain form a tightly associated heterodimer through several hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions, which are similar to those of canonical DH domains of other cis-AT PKSs. These results indicate that the split-DH domain has the same function and structure as common cis-AT PKS DH domains.


It elaborates the importance of check on delivery of construction quality,introduces the forming course and check of construction quality,discusses the requirements,standard,layers,procedure and organization of construction quality check,so as to do well in quality control work of constructing project.


There is a requirement for new materials which are transparent in the 8-12 µm range and have superior thermal shock resistance, mechanical strength, toughness and thermal stability compared to those materials which are presently available. In oxide systems, the SiAlON family of ceramics and glasses is known to have particularly good thermal shock resistance and mechanical properties, thus GeGaSP analogs of the SiAlON ceramics should be a promising system to investigate for new materials. Preliminary results of an experimental study are reported.


The study dealt with one of the most important environmental problems that leads to soil deterioration, increase in the degree of desertification and the loss of large areas of lands that suffer from dry and semi-arid areas. This study aims to calculate the amount of soil transported using the revised universal equation model of erosion RUSLE, and five representative surface samples were obtained. For all the watershed of the valley, analyses were carried out for the general equation of erosion, and the climatic data of the Anah meteorological station were used, whose values ranged between (0.0554-0.4923), as well as the values of normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) between its high and low values (0.10084-0.645161). Maps were created from the general equation factors (RUSLE) and their units were classified according to water erosion rates to investigate the susceptibility of soil to erosion and the risk of soil erosion.


Many of today's industrial firms seek the continuous and systematic reduction of variability as a primary engineering goal across key production dimensions. Robust parameter design (RPD) is often considered among the most important methods for achieving these ends. Focused on statistical modelling and numerical optimisation strategies, most researchers typically assume processes possess moderate to low variability, which facilitates the use of ordinary least squares (OLS) regression. Realistically, however, industrial processes often exhibit high variability. In such cases, many of the modelling assumptions underpinning OLS methods do not hold. Consequently, the results and recommendations provided to decision-makers using these could generate suboptimal modifications to processes and products. This paper proposes an alternative method for dealing with high process variability. Specifically, using the coefficient of variation to identify influential sources of variability between design points, the proposed method advocates removing these sources and then applying optimal design theory to rebalance the experimental framework. Thereafter, RPD optimisation schemes may be applied to obtain more precise optimal operating conditions with less variability and bias. A numerical example combined with Monte Carlo simulation is used to illustrate the proposed procedure.


If you have made a restaurant or hotel reservation online and have seen a map (GoogleMaps, MapQuest, etc.) embedded in a Web page, chances are the map was generated through a Web service. If you have entered credit card information to make an online purchase, chances are the authorization of your


For decades, plyometrics have served as a mainstay in athletic preparation. Their creation dates back to the 1950's, when renowned Russian Sports Scientist, Dr. Yuri Verkhoshansky began implementing depth jumps with his track athletes. Verkhoshansky used the jumps to in an attempt to replicate the biomechanical demands of the takeoff in triple jump in training. He reasoned that his athletes would have to use enormously heavy loads on barbell squats to duplicate the takeoff.


This paper expounds the features of the handset media, and connecting with the concept of the core competitiveness of the academic community, and through the SWOT analysis, discusses the factors and concepts of the core competitiveness of the headset media, and puts forward some suggestions on strengthening the core competitiveness of the headset media.


Exact self-consistent soliton dynamics based on the Bogoliubov-de Gennes (BdG) formalism in unconventional Fermi superfluids/superconductors possessing an $SU(d)$-symmetric two-body interaction is presented. The derivation is based on the ansatz having the similar form as the Gelfand-Levitan-Marchenko equation in the inverse scattering theory. Our solutions can be regarded as a multicomponent generalization of the solutions recently derived by Dunne and Thies [Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 121602 (2013)]. We also propose superpositions of occupation states, which make it possible to realize various filling rates even in one-flavor systems, and include Dirac and Majorana fermions. The soliton solutions in the $ d=2 $ systems, which describe the mixture of singlet $s$-wave and triplet $p$-wave superfluids, exhibit a variety of phenomena such as SU(2)-DHN breathers, Majorana triplet states, $s$-$p$ mixed dynamics, and so on. These solutions are illustrated by animations, where order parameters are visualized by spherical harmonic functions. The full formulation of the BdG theory is also supported, and the double-counting problem of BdG eigenstates and $N$-flavor generalization are discussed.


Detailed scientific description with illustrations of Australian Entomostracans, Sub-kingdom: Anmulosa, Class: crustacea, Division: entomostraca. The Legion I. Branchiopoda has been previously described by Rev. King in the Papers and Proceedings, Vol. 2, Part II., January 1853.


The Standards Performance Continuum (SPC) is a 5-point rubric that provides a quantitative measure of classroom enactments of the Standards for Effective Pedagogy . The first standard, Joint Productive Activity , involves teachers and students working together on a common product or goal, with opportunities to converse about their work. The second standard, Language and Literacy Development , involves developing competence in the language and literacy of instruction and in the academic disciplines throughout all instructional activities. The third standard, Contextualization , situates new academic content in contexts familiar to students to connect it to prior knowledge or experience from the home, school, or community. The fourth standard, Challenging Activities , uses complex tasks requiring the application or use of content knowledge to achieve an academic goal. The fifth standard, Instructional Conversation , is a planned, goal-directed conversation between a teacher and a small group of students. Tharp, Estrada, Dalton, and Yamauchi (2000) proposed these standards as the most effective strategies for teaching culturally, linguistically, and economically diverse students who are less successful in school, but they also stress their importance for all learners. There is growing evidence of the effectiveness of classroom implementations of these standards. For example, Padron and Waxman (1999) found that in fourth- and fifth-grade classrooms with largely Latino English language learners (ELLs) where the standards were used to a moderate degree, students perceived themselves as more capable readers, perceived more cohesion in the classroom, and spent slightly to moderately more time on task.


4 J Me-C-C-H = 4 J OB , the spin-spin coupling constant over four formal bonds between methyl protons and a proton bonded to an sp carbon, previously established 9-17 was a probe for bond order, was determined for 6-methyl-1,4-dihydro-1,4-methanonaphthalene (1) and for a number of reference compounds 2-5. Self-consistent field (SCF) calculations at the 3-21G level for 1-4 predict partial bond fixation in the benzene ring for all molecules in the sense predicted by interpretation of previously-reported photoelectron spectra of closely-related molecules


 The VA has guidelines to screen inpatients on admission, transfer, and discharge. MRSA infection rates and transmissions have decreased dramatically nationally with a bundle for MRSA, which includes screening, improved infection prevention practices, environmental cleaning and culture change. Screening programs with PCR are expensive, but rapid.  Our facility implemented a new screening program with agar (Spectra by Thermo Scientific) with a lab processing time of 24 hours.  Our facility implemented a new screening program with agar (Spectra by Thermo Scientific) with a lab processing time of 24 hours.


This paper presents a new multiscale approach for generating flow networks for land surface models that are applied at different spatial scales. This new approach has the following advantages: (1) it allows runoff in a land surface model grid to exit by multiple directions simultaneously, rather than be limited to one of the eight directions as in many other methods; and (2) it introduces a scaling factor, the tortuosity coefficient, to determine hydrologic parameters for more accurate flow routing across different spatial scales. The new flow network generation scheme has been applied, in conjunction with a kinematic wave routing method, to the Blue River basin in Oklahoma at different spatial resolutions. Comparison of the routed streamflows shows clear advantages of the new approach over the widely used eight directions (D8) method, especially at coarser resolutions. This method is particularly suitable for macroscale hydrologic models and climate models where the accuracy of river routing can be severely limited by the coarse spatial resolution.


Gelatin, a non-toxic and degradable biomass resource, is a multi-stage hydrolysate of collagen. However, its application in adhesives was always limited by its brittleness and poor water resistance...


Longitudinal measurements of breastmilk output were made using a 2H20 tracer technique over 24 months in 23 rural Papua New Guinean women. A small (n=14) cross-sectional sample of women from a different area were also studied. Mean outputs of the longitudinal sample rose from 601 +or- 100 g/d at 1 month to a maximum of 901 +or- 211 g/d at 9 months and fell to 501 +or- 188 g/d at 24 months values which are considerably higher than previously reported from Papua New Guinea. This is considered due primarily to the suitability of the method of measurement. The late and complementary nature of the introduction of additional foods to the infant diet is considered responsible for the maintenance of these high outputs over periods of up to 24 months in some cases. Multiple regression analysis performed on all data points up to 6 months or 6 kg infant weight showed that infant weight accounted for 55.8% of the total variation in milk output. The additional effect of infant age given weight was not significant (t=1.37). In cross-cultural comparisons infant size was also shown to be a more important determinant of milk output than infant age. These comparisons were made using the rate constant Fbm/Vb the basic measurement of the estimation of milk output by the tracer method. (authors)


'A Little Book of Virtues' written, produced and published by students from Forrestfield Primary School over two years conveys explicit moral messages and embraces the notion that schools today need moral education that is relevant to the daily lives of students. Started off in 2004 as a little virtues project, the idea ended up as something big as the book appealed to the people across Australia.


Deng Xiaoping had a deep understanding of the quintessence of Marxism.Based on Marxism and practice,Deng Xiaoping formed his own thought on innovation,especially his thought on theoretical innovation,on scientific and technical innovation,on innovation of the system,and his thought has great realistic significance to the practice of socialism with Chinese features.


The problem of estimating emissions into the atmosphere of reduced sulphur compounds such as hydrogen sulphide (H2 S) and dimethyl sulphide (DMS) is briefly discussed. Several recent measurements confirm the existence of such emissions but quantifications remain quite uncertain. Measurements of sulphur dioxide (S02) in the upper troposphere indicate the existence of a significant source of S02 at those levels (other than H2 S or DMS). The most obvious and most well documented result of man's impact on the sulphur cycle is the existence of large areas around industrialized regions with increased concentrations of S02 and sulphate in air, and of acid in precipitation. These acid 'blotches' today occur at least in Europe and in the eastern parts of North America. If man-made emissions of S02 are permitted to increase further the future will hold larger and more such acid blotches with their detrimental effects on the environment.


A Remote Direct Memory Access Protocol Specification Status of This Memo This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. Abstract This document defines a Remote Direct Memory Access Protocol (RDMAP) that operates over the Direct Data Placement Protocol (DDP protocol). RDMAP provides read and write services directly to applications and enables data to be transferred directly into Upper Layer Protocol (ULP) Buffers without intermediate data copies. It also enables a kernel bypass implementation.


OBJECTIVE To investigate the potential metabolic benefits deriving from daily vitamin E administration in type II diabetic patients. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Twenty-five type II diabetic patients were invited to randomly take placebo or vitamin E (d-α-tocopherol; 900 mg/day) along a similar 3-mo period in a double-blind, crossover procedure. A wash-out period of 30 days separated the two treatment periods. At the end of each treatment period blood samples were drawn for plasma metabolites determination, and an intravenous glucose tolerance test (25 g of glucose as bolus in 3 min) was performed. During this study oral hypoglycemic agents were not discontinued or changed in their dosage. RESULTS Chronic vitamin E administration reduced plasma glucose (8.3 ± 0.3 vs. 7.5 ± 0.2 mM, P > 0.05), triglycerides (2.27 ± 0.08 vs. 1.67 ± 0.09 mM, P < 0.02), free fatty acids (786 ± 116 vs. 483 ± 64 mM), total cholesterol (6.74 ± 0.09 vs. 5.50 ± 0.10 mM, P < 0.05), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (4.73 ± 0.11 vs. 3.67 ± 0.07 mM, P < 0.04), and apoprotein B (1.7 ± 0.3 vs. 1.0 ± 0.1 g/L) levels but did not affect β-cell response to glucose. HbA1 levels (7.8 ± 0.3 vs. 7.1 ± 0.5%, P < 0.05) were also significantly lowered after chronic vitamin E administration. CONCLUSIONS Daily vitamin E supplements seem to produce a minimal but significant improvement in the metabolic control in type II diabetic patients. More studies are necessary before conclusions can be drawn about the safety of vitamin E during long-term administration.


Contents: Preface to the Second Edition List of Abbreviations 1. The Prognostication of Survival Cancer Dementia Motor Neuron Disease Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) Central Nervous System Anoxia Advanced Pulmonary Disease Heart Disease Summary I. The Management of Symptoms Common Among Dying Patients 2. General Symtoms of Dying Patients Pain Gastrointestinal Symptoms Nausea and Vomiting Anorexia and Cachexia nutritional Probllmes Hydration Constipation Central Nervous System Symptoms Delirium Depression Systemic Symptoms Dyspnea Urinary Incontinence Pressure Sores Summary 3. Other Problems of Patients with Cancer Malignant Intestinal Obstruction Malignant Dysphagia Neuromuscular Dysfunction Malignant Ulceration Summary 4. Other Problems of Patients with Nonmalignant Diseases Dementia Motor Neuron Disease Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrom (AIDS) Chronic Vegetative State Advanced Pulmonary Disease Heart Disease Summary 5. Palliative Surgery Principles of Preoperative Care Principles of Operating for Advanced Cancer Principles of Postoperative Care Indications for Surgery Summary II. The Management of Pain 6. An Overview of Pain Management Principles of Pain Management The Ladder Approach Managing the Complications of Pain Treatment Summary 7. Opioids Oral Morphine Parenteral Opioids Alternative Routes of Administration Summary 8. Adjuvant Analgesic Drugs Anticonvulsants Phenothiazines Antidepressants Antihistamines Steroids Antibiotics Amphetamines Butyrophenones Summary 9. Complications of Pharmacologic Therapy Opioids Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs Summary 10. Bone Pain Pathopysiolgoy Radiation Therapy Pharmacotherapy Summary References Index 11. Surgery and Other Nonpharmacologic Interventions to Manage PainSurgery Acupuncture Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation Relaxation Techniqu eComplimentary/Alternative Medicine Summary III. The Management of Symptoms During the Last Few Days 12. The Final Moments Terminal Symptoms and Their Managment Drug-Induced Terminal Sedation Summary 13. Issues Concerning the Sustaining of Life Do Not Resuscitate Advance Directives Physician-Assisted Suicide and Euthanasi aSummary References Index


Model-free and machine learning based technique generates and compares libraries of "force fingerprints" to probe specific questions with high volumes of atomic force microscopy data.Model-free and machine learning based technique generates and compares libraries of "force fingerprints" to probe specific questions with high volumes of atomic force microscopy data.


Medicine is a profession. Professions are groups that declare in a public way which their members promise to in a certain ways and have higher goals. The profession presents itself to the community as a social benefit. It usually issues codes of ethics stating the standards by which its members can be judged. In this study our goal is investigations of ethical codes of medical professionalism or characters of physicians in views of Islamic teaching . A library study of Quran verses, hadith and Islamic articles about medical professionalism or characters of physicians has been undertaken. The most important medical ethics codes in Islamic texts was found by Hazrat Ali (AS) and Imam Sadegh (AS) statements which are: 1- piety, 2- seriousness and effort, 3- compassion and benevolence, 4- knowledge, 5- trusts. Islamic teachings introduce an important ethical code that is the most important code which is available. It is the same ethical code of prophets, Imams and believers. It has all other values and ethical codes within itself. Piety code that is headed of ethical codes and caused the popularity of God, accompanied God, having knowledge and wisdom and distinction, things become easy, abundant daily bread and to be saved.


Biexcitons localized in single InAs/GaAs quantum dots (QD's) are investigated by cathodoluminescence, demonstrating an anticorrelation of the biexciton binding energy and the exciton transition energy. The binding energy decreases with increasing transition energy changing its sign at about 1.24 eV. The ``binding'' to ``antibinding'' transition is attributed to three-dimensional confinement, quenching correlation, and exchange and causing local charge separation. Model calculations of the biexciton in truncated InAs/GaAs QD's demonstrate the observed trend to result from the decreasing number of localized excited states with decreasing QD size. The interaction with resonant states in the wetting layer is found to be negligible.


The paper provides a comparative assessment of the productivity of multiparous sheep of a new genotype with animals of the original breeds in order to show the possibility of converting domestic sheep breeding from a loss-making industry to a profitable one. The superiority of the new genotype over peers of fine-wool breed is: for the production of lamb in live weight of 174–183% to (40–45 kg per initial sheep, 71–74,5 kg per ewe), slaughter weight 20% and profitability 104–117 absolute percentages (up to +165, +178%) due to an increase in multiple pregnancy by 158,1–162,4% (1,85–1,90 lambs from one ewe).