Recently, a high value nonlinear parameter of liquid containing contrast agents (encapsulated microbubbles) has been reported by some measurements, however an effective way to study it theoretically has not been found so far. In this paper, an approach, based on the concept of the equivalent nonlinear parameter is presented to estimate the nonlinear property of such media. The liquid containing encapsulated microbubbles is treated as a homogenous liquid with a equivalent nonlinear parameter. An experimental approximate linear relationship for attenuation and nonlinear parameter with bubble volume is confirmed from our calculation. It is also found that when a microbubble is encapsulated by a shell, the nonlinear oscillation of the bubble is restrained; the second and higher harmonics are generated not so effectively compared to a free bubble. Naturally this causes the nonlinear parameter of such a liquid to decrease greatly. Favorable agreement between the theory and Wu et al.'s experiments shows this approach could effectively estimate the nonlinearity of encapsulated bubbly liquid. Finally, some applicable limitations for this approach are also mentioned.


This article proposes a deep learning–based autonomous concrete crack detection technique using hybrid images. The hybrid images combining vision and infrared thermography images are able to improve crack detectability while minimizing false alarms. In particular, large-scale concrete-made infrastructures such as bridge and dam can be effectively inspected by spatially scanning the unmanned vehicle–mounted hybrid imaging system including a vision camera, an infrared camera, and a continuous-wave line laser. However, the expert-dependent decision-making for crack identification which has been widely used in industrial fields is often cumbersome, time-consuming, and unreliable. As a target concrete structure gets larger, automated decision-making becomes more desirable from the practical point of view. The proposed technique is able to achieve automated crack identification and visualization by transfer learning of a well-trained deep convolutional neural network, that is, GoogLeNet, while retaining the advantages of the hybrid images. The proposed technique is experimentally validated using a lab-scale concrete specimen with cracks of various sizes. The test results reveal that macro- and microcracks are automatically visualized while minimizing false alarms.


The capabilities of SAS ® have been extended by the use of macros and custom formats. SAS macro code libraries and custom format libraries can be stored in various locations, some of which may or may not always be easily and efficiently accessed from other operating environments. Code can be in various states of development ranging from global organization-wide approved libraries to very elementary "just-getting-started" code. Formalized yet flexible file structures for storing code are needed. SAS user environments range from standalone systems such as PC SAS or SAS on a server/mainframe to much more complex installations using multiple platforms. Strictest attention must be paid to (1) file location for macros and formats and (2) management of the lack of cross-platform portability of formats. Macros are relatively easy to run from their native locations. This paper covers methods of doing this with emphasis on: (a) the option "sasautos" to define the location and the search order for identifying macros being called, and (b) even more importantly—the little-known SAS option MAUTOLOCDISPLAY to identify the location of the macro actually called in the saslog. Format libraries are more difficult to manage and cannot be created and run in a different operating system than that in which they were created. This paper discusses the export, copying and importing of format libraries to provide cross-platform capability. A SAS macro used to identify the source of a format being used is presented.


Abstract. A machine vision method based on an eigenvalue realization algorithm was proposed to determine the FY-4 satellite structural modes of vibration. An experiment was designed to prove the feasibility of the proposed method. The experiment results show that the first mode 0.32 Hz and the second mode 1.57 Hz of the FY-4 satellite structure were both clearly distinguished from the background by the proposed method. The comparison of the results of the proposed method and that of simulation and gyroscope testing shows that the error rate of the proposed method is below 0.1% for the first mode and below 6% for the second mode, which is feasible for engineering applications.


Time history dynamic structural analysis is a time consuming procedure when used for large- scale structures or iterative analysis in structural optimization. This article proposes a new methodology for approximate prediction of extremum point of the response history via wavelets. The method changes original record into a reduced record, decreasing the computational time of the analysis. This reduced record can be utilized in iterative structural dynamic analysis of optimization and hence significantly reduces the overall computational effort. Design examples are included to demonstrate the capability and efficiency of the Reduced Record Method (RRM) when utilized in optimal design of frame structures using meta- heuristic algorithms.


When compared to controls (n = 30), human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1)-positive individuals, either asymptomatic (n = 10) or diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) (n = 10), showed a statistically significant decrease in the percentage and absolute number of CD4+ T-lymphocyte cells (flow cytometry, Becton Dickinson FACScan; mean ± SD of 42.6 ± 6.9 and 948.5 ± 393.3, 19.5 ± 8.7 and 269.8 ± 174.3, 4.6 ± 4.1 and 60.1 ± 134.3, respectively; Student's t-test, p < 0.05). However, this decrease was less marked in asymptomatic patients; in fact, the percentage and number of the above cells in this group of subjects was significantly higher than in the AIDS patients (Student's t-test, p < 0.05). However, we failed to find significant differences in the percentage of natural killer cells (NKCs; CD15+CD56+) between the HIV-1-infected asymptomatic or AIDS groups of patients, or when compared with the controls (mean ± SD of 10.4% ± 9.4%, 14.3% ± 9.7%, and 14.8% ± 6.4%, respectively). Whereas either group of patients had a lower number of NKCs per microliter than the control group (mean ± SD of 137.8 ± 87.6, 91.1 ± 98.3, and 331.5 ± 266.5, respectively), this decrease only reached statistical significance for the AIDS patients (Student's t-test, p < 0.05). Healthy controls showed statistically significantly higher NKC activity than either the HIV-1-infected asymptomatic or AIDS group of patients (K-562 target cell; mean ± SD and range values as percentage of specific lysis of 19.1% ± 15.6% and 2.4%-58.2%, 3.4% ± 3.2% and less than 0.1% [non-detectable]-10.3%, and 6.4% ± 5.5% and less than 0.1%-19.5%, respectively; Student's t-test, p < 0.05). Challenge of samples from the control group with either interleukin-2, α-interferon, or with a mixture of the calcium ionofore A23187 (Io) plus the 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate ester (TPA) resulted in every case in a statistically significant increase in NKC lytic function (mean ± SD and range values as percentage of specific lysis of 19.1% ± 15.6% and 2.4%-58.2%, 27.6% ± 17.4% and less than 0.1%-56.0%, 32.1% ± 20.9% and 2.1%-76.4%, and 62.6% ± 24.0% and 16.7%-95.0%, respectively; Student's t-test, p < 0.05). A similar challenge for samples from the HIV-1-positive subjects, either asymptomatic or with AIDS, resulted in most cases in an enhanced NKC activity; however, this increase in NKC lytic function reached statistical significance only for the group of Io + TPA-incubated samples (Student's t-test, p < 0.05). These results indicate that control or patient baseline NKC activity, and the response of this cellular immune function to a challenge.


Chemists have been using the Schmidt reaction, which transforms aldehydes and ketones into amides, for nearly 100 years. But the reaction has a downside that prevents it from being widely used: it requires azides, which can be volatile, toxic, and explosive. Ning Jiao and colleagues at Peking University discovered they could replace these dangerous azides with the common industrial solvent nitromethane in a Schmidt-like transformation. Amides made in this manner could be used as drugs, agrochemicals, or commodity chemicals. "Jiao and colleagues have found a way of making an incredibly useful reaction—the insertion of a single nitrogen atom in between two carbons—into a safer and more accessible process," says Jeffrey Bode, a chemist at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Zurich, who studies organic synthesis. "The classic approach to synthesizing amides is centered on the activation of carboxylic acids using exotic reagents to enable nucleophilic substitution," Jiao explains. The


In present days shell and tube heat exchanger is the most common type heat exchanger, it is widely used in oil refinery and other large chemical processes, because it is suitable for high pressure applications. The process in solving simulation consists of modelling and meshing the basic geometry of shell and tube heat exchanger using CFD package ANSYS 15.0. The objective of the project is to design the shell and tube heat exchanger with different baffles and study the pressure drop inside the shell using FLUENT software. The heat exchanger contains 7 tubes, 600mm shell length and 90mm diameter. The baffles of shell and tube are varied with normal baffle, 30 0 inclined baffle and helical baffle.In simulation it shows, how the pressure vary in shell due to different baffles. Baffles are used to support tubes, enable a desirable velocity to be maintained for the shell side fluid, and prevent failure of tubes due to flow-induced vibration. Baffle spacing is the centerline-to centerline distance between adjacent baffles. It is the most vital parameter in STHE design. Closer spacing will result in poor bundle penetration by the shell side fluid and difficulty in mechanically cleaning the outsides of the tubes.In this project, by varying different types of baffles, Shell side pressure drop is calculated. The flow pattern in the shell side of the heat exchanger with continuous helical baffles was forced to be rotational and helical due to the geometry of the continuous helical baffles, which results in an effective pressure drop in the heat exchanger. So helical baffles are preferred for effective pressure drop that is 2858.646 Pascal's in shell side of Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger.


This is an interesting and well-referenced book that contains a lot of useful knowledge about the world's financial and monetary systems. Although some of the chapters have used excessive Marxian terminology, often invoking Harvey's three types of spaces, the various claims are never really all that opaque. However, if these authors want to move from the conceptual to the operational, many will have to adopt the tools of econometrics to strengthen their claims or generalize their results. Imagination and skill will be needed to tease out the local or regional effects from complicated path-dependent national and global processes, whether these effects mainly reflect the varying institutional architecture of financial systems or the capital flows that accompany ongoing asset pricing across different locations.


found? How shall the likes of him be recruited and trained by the hundreds? How shall they be put through the civil service hoops but somehow retain the magical ingredient of concern which adorns every page of Safe Lodging? As social workers, we rejoice that Turner flourishes. Our perplexing task is to multiply his kind. We have little time to spare: the professional altruist needs a new charter. John P. Conrad, Acting Chief Planning and Development for the California Department of Corrections Formerly, Associate Director, International Survey of Corrections


Naidid oligochaetes from a freshwater creek feeding into West Arm, Darwin Harbour, were collected in July 1993. The majority of the worms were in different stages of sexual maturity. They represent two species, Pristina proboscidea Beddard, 1896, and Pristine/letosbomi (Walton, 1906). In this paper, full descriptions of both somatic and genital features of these taxa are given. Taxonomic and phylogenetic aspects are discussed.


With thionine as the electron mediator,the hydrogen peroxide biosensor was made of thionine,gold nanoparticles and horseradish hydrogen peroxide which applied by chemical bonds between molecules by Sol-gel method immobilization on the gold electrode surface.The electrochemical activity of the sensor was verified by cyclic voltammetry that under the best conditions of pH = 8.0,temperature 25℃.The H2O2 concentration has a good linear relationship with the peak current value ranging from 1.0×10-8 mol/L to 1.0×10-2 mol/L,and can be used to detect hydrogen peroxide.


As a legacy from conventional wireless services, illegal eavesdropping is regarded as one of the critical security challenges in Connected and Autonomous Vehicles (CAVs) network. Our work considers the use of Distributed Kalman Filtering (DKF) and Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) techniques to improve anti-eavesdropping communication capacity and mitigate jamming interference. Aiming to improve the security performance against smart eavesdropper and jammer, we first develop a DKF algorithm that is capable of tracking the attacker more accurately by sharing state estimates among adjacent nodes. Then, a design problem for controlling transmission power and selecting communication channel is established while ensuring communication quality requirements of the authorized vehicular user. Since the eavesdropping and jamming model is uncertain and dynamic, a hierarchical Deep Q-Network (DQN)-based architecture is developed to design the anti-eavesdropping power control and possibly channel selection policy. Specifically, the optimal power control scheme without prior information of the eavesdropping behavior can be quickly achieved first. Based on the system secrecy rate assessment, the channel selection process is then performed when necessary. Simulation results confirm that our jamming and eavesdropping defense technique enhances the secrecy rate as well as achievable communication rate compared with currently available techniques.


Horse spleen cathepsin D (220.127.116.11.) was purified from crude extract by sodium chloride and ethanol precipitation, column chromatography fractionation on DEAE cellulose and CM Sephadex, re-chromatography on DEAE cellulose and gel filtration. The enzyme has been purified about 3.000 folds with a yield of 30 per cent. The purified enzyme seems to be homogeneous on Sephadex G100, one protein band is apparent on disc electrophoresis. Determined by dansylation the N-terminal amino acid is glycine. A molecular weight of 42,500 +/- 3,000 was obtained with Sephadex G100 gel filtration and light scattering measurements. Amino acid analysis and chemical determinations were performed: cathepsin D is a glycoprotein (2 or 3 osamine residues) including 344 amino acids and 4 disulfide bonds. Spectrophotometric data show that E1cm/1 mg/ml = 1.01 at lambda = 280 nm. ORD measurements indicate about 20 per cent of helicoidal content in the molecule.


The synthesis of air- and moisture-stable trinuclear mixed-valence gold(I)/gold(0) clusters is described. They promote the catalytic carbonylation of amines under relatively mild conditions. The synthetic route leading to the trinuclear clusters involves a simple ligand exchange from the readily available μ(3)-oxo-[(Ph3 PAu)3O](+) complex. This synthetic method paves the way for the preparation of a variety of mixed-valence gold(I)/gold(0) polynuclear clusters. Moreover, the well-defined nature of the complexes demonstrates that the catalytic process involves a rare example of a definite change of oxidation state of gold from Au(0)2Au(I) to Au(I)3.


BACKGROUND
Substantial regional heterogeneity in the provision of cancer prevention and management services results from the decentralised Swiss healthcare system.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
Breast cancer mortality trends between 1980 and 2002 were compared in two French- and in two German-speaking female populations of Switzerland, aged 55-74 years, characterised by different access to, and use of, mammography screening.

RESULTS
Since the early 1990s, a 30% fall was observed in the French-speaking regions of Vaud and Geneva, where mammography screening is widespread, with no decline in the German-speaking areas of Basel and Zurich.

CONCLUSION
Modification in breast cancer diagnosis and management in selected regions of Switzerland is urgently needed.


Letter from T. W. "Buckshot" Lane relaying to John J. Herrera the situation with a Mr. Franks paying for court costs, which Herrera would be handling, in relation to an unspecified "note."


The invention discloses an automatic detection machine for detecting the foreign body in small-volume injection or oral liquid; a central detection area (3), a bottle feeding device and a bottle exit device are arranged on a machine rack (7); the central detection area (3) is provided with a turntable (20) on a machine base (25); a support body (13) and a bottle spinning base (12) are arranged on the turntable (20); the turntable (20) is provided with a pressure head (15) corresponding to the support body (13), a sliding rod (16), a pressure spring (17), a lifting block (18) and a cam (21) corresponding to the lifting block (18); the machine base (25) is provided with a bottle spinning device (19) corresponding to the bottle spinning base (12) and a braking device (24); a light source (11) and a camera (23) are arranged on the machine base (25); and the light source (11) and the camera (23) are driven by a servo motor (26) to make synchronous movement with the support body (13). The invention is a small-volume injection or oral liquid foreign body automatic detection machine which has high detection accuracy, fast detection speed and low detection missing rate.


The cleaved facet of a packaged laser diode in operation was scanned by a near-field optical microscope. This " true" near-field emission profile showed several sub-peaks even though the emission was described as single-mode operation by the manufacturer. Possible correspondence existed in the observation in " conventional" near-field emission profile, when the lens focus of monitor video microscope was adjusted just inside the laser diode cavity. This intentionally " under-focused" image showed several sub-peaks that should correspond to the lateral field distribution inside the laser diode cavity. Since the optical probe was estimated to detect the optical near-field around 100nm apart from the tip (when the probe and the ambient refractive index were n= 1.5 and n= 1.0, respectively) or nearer to the tip (when the refractive index was n= 3, as in the GaAs), it may detect the optical field inside the laser diode cavity when the probe was at the vicinity of the end facet of the cavity. Another possibility was an optical coupling between the optical probe and the laser diode cavity, which might modify the original field distribution inside the laser diode cavity. In both cases the present observation suggests us that a near-field probe works as a novel tool to manipulate cavity EM field. We have further compared the emission profile with the " active region" that was identified by the near-field photo-induced current measurement.


SIR,-ln your leading article " Another Minisry mr" (Journal, January 28, p. 220) you very rijtlty c.mpam of the way the Ministry announced the sw Mli_pLitis vaccine, practically ignoring the medical pr.fesua lut, Sir, what do you expect from a Ministry of Halt were the permanent head and departmental heads are Clii Sevants and the medical staff are relegated to the _ et advisers ? When the structure of the Ife1* Servias vs being discussed before it was formed, many of m, acmsed to the ways of Government administratin, sw *A&j Wis situation arising, as it has many times over h yas. Whereas at that time many doctors feard they btbcome Civil Servants, the administrative famn t e Service showed that they would be in a lowr cateSery, as indeed they are, and their salaries recogntbe icUttil ie position is reversed and the chief medict eer a tte Ministry becomes the Permanent Under-cretary Od Jte and the whole framework of the Ministry i altd so that Civil Servants are the advisers and doctors the w ive heads, such happenings as you bemoan witl catise. What is there so difficult about administration ? I an quit. certain the average doctor could easily be at leam an average administrator.-I am, etc.,


A novel meso- and microporous tire-derived-carbon support with magnetic iron oxide nanoparticle adsorbents that selectively adsorbs Se(IV) ions from simulated contaminated water has been developed. In this work, the physicochemical characteristics of the composite adsorbent are characterized with respect to porosity and surface area, chemical composition, and microstructure morphology. The kinetics of this composite adsorbent in a fixed-bed setting has been determined. Several column runs were conducted and analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) to determine the concentration gradient vs time. These results were then fit to a pseudo-second order rate law to obtain equilibrium values. Combining calculated equilibrium values with effluent concentration data, enabled the application of the Adams–Bohart model to determine reaction constants and column coefficients. Column parameters obtained from different flow rates and fittings of the Adams–Bohart model were remarkably consistent. These findings enable the application of this sorbent to fixed-bed column systems and opens up further research into mixed pollutants tests with real wastewater and scaling of selenium pollutant removal.


Foam performances including interfacial tension, foam volume, half- life period and plugging ability are investigated in laboratory. A numerical model is built to simulate sand production during thermal recovery. The changes of reser- voir permeability and steam breakthrough time after sand production are analyzed. Based on experimental results, an integrated model which considers foam gener- ation, coalescence, oil acceleration on foam decay and sand production is built to study nitrogen foam assisted steam flooding with sand production. Simulation results show that foam can improve areal sweep efficiency and delay steam break- through time significantly. However, the adverse effect is that foam will intensify the sand production due to its high sand-carrying ability.


Abstract Electrooptical investigations on a ferroelectric liquid crystal (DOBAMBC) were carried out on a well aligned sample in a 2 μm cell. On the basis of these measurements the complete average director movement during a switching process caused by an electric field can be calculated and will be discussed. The thermodynamic potentials at the SA∗-SC∗ phase transition were determined from the experimental results with a modified Landau theory. They serve as a basis for a discussion of the phase transition and the influence of the surface orientation. Some preliminary results were obtained concerning the electrooptical behaviour of the SH∗ phase.


Microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) is characterized by the inflammation of small-sized vessels. We describe a patient with MPA who had suffered large vessel arteritis. A 94-year-old woman who had been given a diagnosis of MPA suffered abdominal aortic aneurysm. This case presented with prolonged fever and aggressive inflammatory reaction and the diagnosis was made during the early phase. An autopsy re vealed the systemic vasculitis.


A new numerical simulation method closed to streamline has been developed. With this method, numerical study has been performed on complicated structural nozzle jets and tangentially fired aerodynamic field. It can not only solve the problem of false diffusion in the calculation of furnace flow field well, but also can simulate the nozzle's complicated structure and the furnace corner structure in detail. Furthermore, a comparison with experimental results measured by hot wire anemometer showed that the method can quite accurately reflect the properties of sophisticated multi nozzle jets and fired aerodynamic field. A closed to streamline numerical simulation is thus effectively realized in furnace.


In this paper, an effective microwave imaging method based on the Compressive Processing (CP) paradigm combined with an Iterative Multi-Scaling (IMS) approach within the contrast source formulation is presented. For each step of the IMS procedure, a customized relevance vector machine (RVM) is employed to retrieve the unknowns contrast source coefficients of a suitable sparsification basis and driven to search for the solution within a restricted domain defined according to the information progressively acquired on the scatterer features.


Liner composites suitable for incorporation into a variety of disposable absorbent articles. The liner composites included a liner material and a topographical surge layer. ® KIPO & WIPO 2007


542 Background: CTx has shown to have a positive impact on improving or maintaining quality of life (QoL) in patients with advanced GI cancers. The role of PSF in relation to objective tumor response (OTR) to CTx is not well described yet. We thus evaluated the predictive value of pretreatment PSF on OTR as well as the continuous evaluation of PSF in regard to OTR throughout treatment. Methods: Eligible pts had metastatic or recurrent GI cancer and were about to receive first- and second-line palliative CTx. QoL, physical symptoms and PSF were assessed by the EORTC QLQ C30, the MSKCC-Symptom Assessment Scale (MSAS), and a modified Brief-COPE before treatment start and after discussing the results of the first follow up OTR assessment. OTR was either classified according to RECIST or using a remission based approach (RA), classifying response as any decrease in size, and no change or progression as non-response. Results: 50 pts (median age 61.8 years, ECOG 0/1/2 12%/62%/26%, 21 female, 40% colorectal, 28% ...


This paper explores how contact points or co-references betweenan animation and text should be designed in web pages. Guidelinesare derived from an eye tracking study. A dynamic HTML authoringtool is described which supports these requirements. An evaluationstudy is reported in which four designs of animation in web pageswere tested.


• The decrease in ZT, figure of merit, after the annealing was attributed to the dissolving of nanoinclusions of Si and Sn, and the decrease in point defects. • It is demonstrated that controlling the nanoparticles and point defects may be an effective method to optimize the thermoelectric properties of the material. • The work gives hints to improve further the thermoelectric properties of the materials. σ, conductivity κL, lattice thermal conductivity Changes in thermoelectric properties after annealing


In this manuscript, a compact MIMO antenna for wireless application has been
 presented. The proposed antenna consists of the F-shaped radiator with the
 circular slot in the center and a rectangular ground plane on the other side
 of the substrate. The proposed antenna has the overall size of 48 ? 48 mm2.
 The antenna is designed to work on two frequency bands - from 1.5 to 2.3
 GHz, and 3.7 to 4.2 GHz, having the resonating frequency of 1.8 GHz and 3.9
 GHz respectively. The diversity performance of the antenna is also observed
 by using a variety of parameters like envelop correlation coefficient (ECC),
 Diversity Gain (DG), Total Active Reflection Coefficient (TARC), etc. The
 value of ECC is 0.02, which shows good diversity performance of the antenna.
 In order to validate the simulated and measured results, the proposed
 antenna has been fabricated and shows good agreement with the each other.


When I tell others I disavow the use of violence in any and all its forms, I get different responses. My critics view my pacifism as essentially irrational. They can easily think of circumstances when the only rational action would be to initiate violence in self‐defense or to defend others. Allowing oneself or others to be hurt by not acting, they say, would not only be irrational but also morally decrepit. This critique, or variants of it, has come from a wide range of theorists and policy makers. A hypothetical scenario in such a refutation of pacifism might run something like this. Imagine a deranged and hostile malefactor who's intent on destroying a sizeable portion of humanity. Only you stand between the villain and the doomsday device which, if used, will destroy whole continents. The only way you can prevent the machine from being used, however, is by using violence. Surely our intuition would suggest that in this case violence would not only be permissible, but also necessary, since hurting the ...


Cylindrical antenna arrays are characterized by high directivities, narrow beams, and low sidelobe levels. They were successfully used to increase the user capacity in the downlink of WCDMA cellular systems. Their high directivities lead to an increase of interference in the adjacent cells, whereas their narrow beams and low sidelobes help efficiently in interference mitigation. A tradeoff between these two contrasting trends is investigated. Cylindrical antenna arrays are shown to outperform other array types with similar properties, leading to an increase in capacity and coverage and simultaneously providing good interference rejection properties.


Aalto University, P.O. Box 11000, FI-00076 Aalto www.aalto.fi Author Ying Tian Name of the doctoral dissertation Optical properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes and nanobuds Publisher School of Science Unit Department of Applied Physics Series Aalto University publication series DOCTORAL DISSERTATIONS 77/2012 Field of research Nanomaterials, physics Manuscript submitted 12 March 2012 Manuscript revised 7 May 2012 Date of the defence 8 June 2012 Language English Monograph Article dissertation (summary + original articles) Abstract This thesis presents the study of the optical properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and carbon nanobuds by means of optical spectroscopy and electron microscopy. A novel analysis method that is based on optical absorption spectroscopy was developed in order to meet the challenge of accurately and efficiently evaluating the diameter distribution in any bulk SWCNT sample. Properties of SWCNTs that were synthesized both in lab-scale and semi-industrial scale aerosol reactors were investigated in detail by using the proposed method. The results show that the diameter of SWCNTs can be easily altered over a broad range from 1.1 to 1.9 nm in the same reactor by varying the growth conditions. This opens up a new route towards diameter control in the synthesis of SWCNTs. The further application, that of SWCNTs with optimized properties deposited as thin films on a saturable absorber, was also demonstrated in this work.This thesis presents the study of the optical properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and carbon nanobuds by means of optical spectroscopy and electron microscopy. A novel analysis method that is based on optical absorption spectroscopy was developed in order to meet the challenge of accurately and efficiently evaluating the diameter distribution in any bulk SWCNT sample. Properties of SWCNTs that were synthesized both in lab-scale and semi-industrial scale aerosol reactors were investigated in detail by using the proposed method. The results show that the diameter of SWCNTs can be easily altered over a broad range from 1.1 to 1.9 nm in the same reactor by varying the growth conditions. This opens up a new route towards diameter control in the synthesis of SWCNTs. The further application, that of SWCNTs with optimized properties deposited as thin films on a saturable absorber, was also demonstrated in this work. The other important work in this thesis involves the optical properties of carbon nanobuds. Focusing on a freestanding individual nanobud, as opposed to bulk samples of nanobuds, allowed us for the first time to observe the Raman features of a nanobud with Raman spectroscopy. The simultaneous presence of SWCNT and fullerene features in the Raman spectrum is in good agreement with independent TEM and ED investigations of the same nanobud structure, which confirmed the Raman measurement interpretation of the SWCNT chirality assignment (16,11), as well as the presence of fullerenes on the surface of the SWCNT.


The sum total of physiologic disturbance in obstructive pulmonary disease manifests itself to the patient primarily as exertional dyspnea, which produces a limitation in exercise tolerance. The assessment of this limitation is ordinarily based on the patient's account of his symptoms plus the results of one or more pulmonary function tests. Many patients will give a clear, useful account of their limitations; others will present a story difficult or impossible to interpret. Inasmuch as obstructive pulmonary disease is assuming increasing prominence as a cause of disability, it is important to determine how the pulmonary function laboratory can best provide information useful in assessing the degree of disability of the individual patient. A clear relationship between pulmonary function and exercise tolerance has not been established in patients with obstructive pulmonary disease. In 1952 Hugh-Jones (1) applied a standard exercise test to patients with a variety of cardiac and pulmonary disorders. The results for each patient were compared with the clinical severity of dyspnea. The mean values of grouped data showed a correlation between test results and the severity of dyspnea, but the overlap was such that more than half of the patients had test results which could place them at any level of dyspnea but the most extreme. Only a few such studies have been limited to patients with obstructive pulmonary disease. The studies of Miller, Fowler, and Helmholtz (2), Syner (3), and Smart, Naimi, and Capel (4) indicate that arterial blood gases do not relate closely to dyspnea, nor do they limit exercise tolerance. Sinclair (5) related vital capacity,


Yucai School founded by Tao Xing-zhi is aimed at human's free development and human's subjectivity reconstruction.This precious legacy provides valuable resources for the modern education reform.In modern knowledge-based society,individual needs,interests,values,dignity,human's development features and so on,should be fully respected.Consequently,modern education must be based on human-oriented concept,which advocates showing respect for the students and provides them with time,space,sovereignty,and practice opportunities,giving full play to their subjectivity.


Organizations are struggling to adopt practices that allow the best results trying to achieve alignment between IT and an organization's concepts and dimensions, pursuing efficiency and effectiveness. Therefore, the structure of an IT organization is fundamental. However, despite the recognized importance of IT organizational structure and the efforts made in the development of disparate perspectives and relationships, no relevant references about its structure are found, and the existent ones are far from satisfactory. There is neither a single framework nor one relating to what we consider to be relevant or clearly dominant. This paper proposes the use of ontology engineering methodology to identify and enumerate concepts and develop a conceptual framework in order to structure and establish a relationship among concepts within an IT organization, which will allow the definition of an IT organization.


Ambiguous messages about HIV transmission can create a challenge for behavior change counseling. Clients frequently express uncertainty about the risk of condom breakage, open-mouthed kissing, and oral sex. Uncertainty may arise from conflicting messages over time, feeling overwhelmed, or internal conflicts about changing behaviors. To deal with conflicting information, counselors have a responsibility to remain versed in the latest information about HIV-related risks and provide information and


In this paper, the time fractional Fordy–Gibbons equation is investigated with Riemann–Liouville derivative. The equation can be reduced to the Caudrey–Dodd–Gibbon equation, Savada–Kotera equation and the Kaup–Kupershmidt equation, etc. By means of the Lie group analysis method, the invariance properties and symmetry reductions of the equation are derived. Furthermore, by means of the power series theory, its exact power series solutions of the equation are also constructed. Finally, two kinds of conservation laws of the equation are well obtained with aid of the self-adjoint method.


We present the results of a recent re-reduction of the data from the Very Large Array (VLA) Low-frequency Sky Survey (VLSS). We used the VLSS catalog as a sky model to correct the ionospheric distortions in the data and create a new set of sky maps and corresponding catalog at 73.8 MHz. The VLSS Redux (VLSSr) has a resolution of 75 arcsec, and an average map RMS noise level of σ � 0.1 Jy beam 1 . The clean bias is 0.66 × σ and the theoretical largest angular size is 36 arcmin. Six previously unimaged fields are included in the VLSSr, which has an unbroken sky coverage over 9.3 sr above an irregular southern boundary. The final catalog includes 92,964 sources. The VLSSr improves upon the original VLSS in a number of areas including imaging of large sources, image sensitivity, and clean bias; however the most critical improvement is the replacement of an inaccurate primary beam correction which caused source flux errors which vary as a function of radius to nearest pointing center in the VLSS.


In this presentation, the definition of new metric space with neutrosophic numbers is given. Several topological and structural properties have been investigated. The analogue of Baire Category Theorem is given for Neutrosophic metric spaces.


This report follows several studies spearheaded by the Institute of Medicine (IOM) and other groups that document disturbing shortfalls in the quality of health care in the United States. The following statement prepared for the National Roundtable on Health Care Quality captures the magnitude and scope of the problem: Serious and widespread quality problems exist throughout American medicine….[They] occur in small and large communities alike, in all parts of the country and with approximately equal frequency in managed care and fee-for-service systems of care. Very large numbers of Americans are harmed as a result (Chassin and Galvin, 1998:1000). Likewise, two subsequent IOM studies—To Err is Human: Building a Safer Health System (Institute of Medicine, 2000) and Crossing the Quality Chasm: A New Health System for the 21 st Century (Institute of Medicine, 2001a)—focus national attention on patient safety concerns surrounding the high incidence of medical errors and sizable gaps in health care quality, respectively. In addition to the IOM, many others have assumed leadership roles in the movement to address and improve health care safety and quality. These efforts have included both large-scale national initiatives, such as the President's Advisory Commission on Consumer Protection and Quality in the and private efforts such as the work of the RAND Corporation, which resulted in a call for mandatory tracking and reporting of health care quality (Schuster et al., 1998). The newly released chart book from the Commonwealth Fund, which examines the current status of


DNA polymerase delta (Pol δ) plays several essential roles in eukaryotic DNA replication and repair. At the replication fork, Pol δ is responsible for the synthesis and processing of the lagging-strand. At replication origins, Pol δ has been proposed to initiate leading-strand synthesis by extending the first Okazaki fragment. Destabilizing mutations in human Pol δ subunits cause replication stress and syndromic immunodeficiency. Analogously, reduced levels of Pol δ in Saccharomyces cerevisiae lead to pervasive genome instability. Here, we analyze how the depletion of Pol δ impacts replication origin firing and lagging-strand synthesis during replication elongation in vivo in S. cerevisiae. By analyzing nascent lagging-strand products, we observe a genome-wide change in both the establishment and progression of replication. S-phase progression is slowed in Pol δ depletion, with both globally reduced origin firing and slower replication progression. We find that no polymerase other than Pol δ is capable of synthesizing a substantial amount of lagging-strand DNA, even when Pol δ is severely limiting. We also characterize the impact of impaired lagging-strand synthesis on genome integrity and find increased ssDNA and DNA damage when Pol δ is limiting; these defects lead to a strict dependence on checkpoint signaling and resection-mediated repair pathways for cellular viability. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT DNA replication in eukaryotes is carried out by the replisome – a multi-subunit complex comprising the enzymatic activities required to generate two intact daughter DNA strands. DNA polymerase delta (Pol δ) is a multi-functional replisome enzyme responsible for synthesis and processing of the lagging-strand. Mutations in Pol δ cause a variety of human diseases: for example, destabilizing mutations lead to immunodeficiency. We titrate the concentration of Pol δ in budding yeast – a simple model eukaryote with conserved DNA replication machinery. We characterize several replication defects associated with Pol δ scarcity. The defects we observe provide insight into how destabilizing Pol δ mutations lead to genome instability.


The statistical characteristics of dislocation-induced elastic distortion fields in deformed FCC crystals are investigated both experimentally and theoretically. Discrete dislocation realizations are generated by the discrete dislocation dynamics method and the induced elastic distortion fields are computed by solving the corresponding boundary value problem. Moreover, sample three-dimensional X-ray measurements for the lattice misorientation are also presented to address the corresponding statistical features and to highlight the possibility to conduct a comparison between experiments and dislocation dynamics simulations.


In this article I will discuss three basic visions about quantum Topological Geometrodynamics (TGD). It is somewhat matter of taste which idea one should call a vision and the selection of these three in a special role is what I feel natural just now. 1. The first vision is generalization of Einstein's geometrization program based on the idea that the Kähler geometry of the world of classical worlds (WCW) with physical states identified as classical spinor fields on this space would provide the ultimate formulation


Much of physics can be condensed and simplified using the principle of least action from the calculus of variations. After introducing some basic concepts such as a functional, the variation of a functional and the condition required for a differentiable functional to have an extremum, the action, Lagrangian and Hamiltonian of a physical system will be introduced. Applying the principle of least action to a physical system, not only do the Euler-Lagrange equations (the dynamic equations for particles or field equations for fields) come directly from the differential of the action but so do all of the conservation laws associated with the physical system by Noether's theorem. Applying the main results to particles, we will derive Newton's second law of motion and the conservation of energy and momentum in classical mechanics. Then, applying the results to fields, Maxwell's equations for electromagnetism will be derived as well as the energy-momentum tensor for a classical field.


Endoanal sonography can be used in the assessment of benign and malignant anal conditions and to evaluate the anatomy of the anal sphincters. We used endoanal sonography with a 10‐MHz rotating endocavitary probe to evaluate a 45‐year‐old woman with a perianal mass, fecal incontinence, and menses‐associated perianal pain. She had had 2 vaginal deliveries requiring episiotomies. Biopsy of the mass showed endometrial tissue. The ultrasound examination showed a perianal mass and an external anal sphincter injury. A wide excision and sphincteroplasty were performed, with improvement of fecal continence and pain. Histopathologic examination of the mass confirmed perianal endometrioma in an episiotomy scar. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 30:245–248, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI: 10.1002/jcu.10055


Effects of water and nitrogen interaction on main photosynthetic characteristics of wheat variety Zhoumai 18 and Jimai 20 were studied by pool cultivation under the rain proof shelter.The results showed that when the relative soil moisture content was below 40%,stomatal conductance of flag leaves decreased,while moisture intercellular CO2 concentration increased with the increasing N fertilizer.The decrease of photosynthesis rate was limited by non-stomatal factor.When the relative soil moisture content was between 45% and 75%,with the increasing of N fertilization and SRWC,photosynthesis rate and stomatal conductance of flag leaves increased,while intercellular CO2 concentration reduced.Increase in photosynthesis rate was limited by stomatal factor.Stimulative effects of nitrogen nutrition on flag leaves photosynthesis of wheat reduced when the relative soil moisture content was higher than 75%.


The Malaysian government has taken the initiative of implementing Industrialised Building System (IBS) in which components are manufactured in mass production under a controlled environment (on or off site), transported, positioned and assembled into a structure with minimal additional site works. It is hope that IBS can improve the performance of construction industry. However, the main barriers in IBS implementation is project delivery process. In order to overcome this barrier, 'Integrated Project Delivery (IPD)' as a project delivery system using a multi-party contract (more than two parties selected) was introduced. Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) is defined as a project delivery approach that integrates people, systems, business structures and practices into a process that collaboratively harnesses the talents and insights of all project participants to optimise the results, increase value to the owner, reduce waste, and maximize efficiency through all phases of design, fabrication and construction. Although, many researchers have argue the importance of IPD in project delivery process, but the readiness of construction industries must be established. This research will use a quantitative study. This quantitative research process will involve a few phases including literature review stage, data collection stage, framework development stage, validation and recommendation stage. As the aim of this research is to obtain data based on multidisciplinary IBS stakeholders' perspectives, respondent include project managers, resident engineers, and architects, contractors etc. are among the potential candidates. At the end of the process, this research will develops the readiness assessment model to implement IPD in IBS construction projects.


Objective:To evaluate the effect and safety of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis in the treatment of chronic renal failure.Methods:Retrieval of domestic medical journals,RCTs of Western medicine combined with traditional Chinese medicine promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis intravenous preparations and simple routine Western medicine in treatment of CRF were selected.Evaluation of the quality of researches and the Meta-analysis were carried on.Results:After strict screening,24 researches were included finally,involving 1655 patients,but their methodological quality was low.Compared with the control group(routine treatment),treatment group(conventional Western medicine and promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis intravenous preparations) was statistically significant in efficiency,improving Scr,BUN,Ccr,24 hupq,ALB,Hb,TG.There was no significant difference in improving Hb and TG.Only very few patients had vascular irritation symptoms.Conclusion:Traditional Chinese medicine intravenous preparation for treating CRF has certain curative effect,but it also needs to design a good randomized and multi-center clinical trial.Adverse reaction has to be provided on the basis of clinical research and toxicology research.


In A History of Chinese Novels,LU Xun's understanding of Tang novels had undergone novels of the legendary style,combination of legendary-style ones and tales of marvels,and tales of marvels of Tang Dynasty,which shows his different understanding of traditional academic thoughts,Western literary theories,categories of historical records and the intention for constructing system of novel history.The former two are not significant in categorization of styles,while the latter one is,which it is in an attempt to canonize the Western literary theories and remove the traditional academic thoughts.And it has some defects of using material to fill in the frame and slaving theories to document,and it is not rooted in the Tang novels.


Vocational education has new requirements and connotations in the new period. College of Tourism and Culinary Science of Yangzhou University has made valuable exploration in the respect of culinary higher education, that is, it explored the practical work relating to innovation education, quality education and so on. Also, it conducted research work in many corresponding aspects like guarantee conditions, implementation strategy and etc.


mdash; The concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is one environmental factor that is certain to influence the physiology and productivity of oak trees everywhere. Direct assessment of the impact of increasing CO 2 is very difficult, however, because of the long-term nature of CO 2 effects and the myriad potential interactions between CO 2 and other environmental factors that can influence the physiological and ecological relationships of oaks. The CO 2 responses of at least 11 Quercus


During the last years, there has been an increasing concern about the importance of competition policy as a mean to increase efficiency in the allocation of resources and the supply and variety of goods and services. Competition between firms provides powerful incentives for cost minimization and technological improvements and also contributes to create an environment where firms can develop, encouraging free enterprises in the best interests of users and consumers. Both competition policy and regulation are public instruments that aim at improving the functioning of the market. Competition defense tries to avoid that firms abuse of their dominant position, or collude, or deny mergers and concentration operations that facilitate such conducts. Competition policy and regulation are complementary policies, which require an effective coordination between them.


Methods for the synthesis of new heterocyclic systems of thieno (3,2-d)- (1,2,3)-triazine derivatives and N-(3-cyano-5,6-dihydro-4H-cyclopenta (b) thiophene derivatives have been developed. The newly synthesized compounds were tested in vitro against human breast carcinoma cell line (MCF-7). Compounds 7 and 9 have shown the highest activity among the two synthesized series. The results of this study have led to the identification of two lead compounds with good inhibitory activities that can confirm the design of the next generation inhibitors of tyrosine kinase with fewer side effects such as hepatotoxicity and resistance.


This paper addresses the trajectory optimization of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) under multiple ground threats like enemy`s anti-air radar sites. The power of radar signal reflected by the vehicle and the flight time are considered in the performance cost to be minimized. The bank angle is regarded as control input for a 1st-order lag vehicle, and input parameter optimization method based on Sequential Quadratic Programming (SQP) is used for trajectory optimization. The proposed path planning method provides


In the paper,we systematically studied the function properties of soybean protein-chitosan covalent conjugations,such as solubility,emulsifying property,foamability,thermal stability and oxidation resistance.The results showed that,in the isoelectric point range,the solubility of the soybean protein-chitosan covalent conjugations was higher than that of the soybean protein by about 30%,the foamability and the foam stability were respectively improved by about 15% and 8%;in the testing pH range,the emulsifying property and the emulsifying stability were respectively improved by 10% and 8%;and the solubility,the emulsifying property and the emulsifying stability were all improved significantly when NaCl concentration was 0.5 mol/L.


We study the di-neutron correlations in the super neutron-rich nucleus 7H with the AMD triple-S (AMD superposition of selected snapshots). 7H is the most neutron-rich nucleus in the neutron ratio to the proton (N/Z = 6). And the strong di-neutron correlations are expected due to the weak binding properties. In this paper, the mixing of di-neutron cluster components is estimated by calculating the squared overlap with the di-neutron condensate type wave function. The calculated results show significant mixing of di-neutron (t + 2n + 2n) components (70 ~ 80%).


The present study is conducted in order to discover the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the plant species Dolichandrone falcata. Qualitative phytochemical evaluation was carried out to test the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, sugars, phenolic group, saponin, amino acid and essential oil in the extracts samples using modified methods. The present effort is targeted on the evaluation of the amount of total flavonoids and total phenol present in different plant parts such as bark, leaves and fruits. Estimated specific flavonoids (Rutin) was by using the method of Thin layer Chromatography. Plant species under estimation, Dolicahndrone falcata belongs to the family Bignoniaceae.


Hilsa shad (Tenualosa ilisha) belonging to the family Clupeidae is a diadromous migratory fish species. It is an important fish in the countries bordering to the Bay of Bengal. Bangladesh harvest about 60% of world hilsa catch. Hilsa contributed12.9% of the country's total fish production in 2017-2018 with an estimated annual production of 517,198 tons, which was 1.0% to the GDP to support livelihoods of 1.2 million hilsa fishers of Bangladesh. In spite of the importance, there was an alarming situation in hilsa production, where over fishing of hilsa with a result of decline in inland production were observed. In the present study age and growth parameters L=57.7 cm total length and growth rate K=0.90 per year were calculated using VBGF growth function. Population parameters Z=4.90 were calculated using length converted catch curve, M (at water temperature 27°C) =1.45 using Pauly's formula, F=1.09 and E=70 were estimated. Results indicates both recruitment overfishing and growth over fishing occur through indiscriminate fishing of juvenile hilsa (Jatka) as wel as brood hilsa(mother). Fishing effort has to be reduced at any cost and the affected fishers should be rehabilitated in a proper manner for obtaining the sustainable production of hilsa resources.
Bangladesh J. Zool. 47(1): 173-183, 2019


Verticillium wilt of olive (Olea europaea), caused by the fungus Verticillium dahlia, is the most serious disease in the Mediterranean countries. The use of resistant cultivars or rootstocks is one of the most efficient measures for the control of this disease. Olive shows a wide range of genetic variability useful for finding resistance to the disease. The first step to achieve this objective is the identification of resistance-transmitting genitors, in order to screen many genotypes for resistance to V. dahlia. More than 100 olive seedlings from one crossing and open pollination of different genitors were evaluated for resistance to V. dahlia under controlled conditions. Two-month-old seedlings were inoculated by dipping their root system in a conidial suspension of the highly virulent isolate V117. Disease symptoms (defoliation, wilt, chlorosis and necrosis) were assessed by using a 0-4 scale. Results demonstrated that young olive seedlings can be successfully infected by V. dahlia, showing consistent Verticillium wilt symptoms. Results have provided preliminary information about inheritance of resistance, and they have highlighted 'Frantoio' as a suitable genitor to breed for Verticillium wilt resistance in olive. Several olive genotypes were selected for resistance to Verticillium wilt and they will be tested in field conditions.


Hepatitis A is an acute illness typically presenting with fever, malaise, anorexia, nausea and abdominal discomfort followed by jaundice and dark urine a few days later. The illness usually persists for several weeks and adults are more likely than children to be symptomatic.


Objective
To evaluate the effect of applying nursing cases in promoting accuracy of nursing grading.

Methods
A specialized-group of nursing cases was built to clear up the problems in nursing grading by using quality control system. The researchers surveyed the accuracy of nursing grading of 84 patients with activities of daily living (ADL) score less than or equal to 60 (ADL≤60) in two wards before and after the improvement project. The researchers compared the relative knowledge of nursing grading and sense of dynamically adapting nursing grading of 20 resident doctors, and self-ability of 7 nurses in specialized-group of nursing cases before and after the improvement project.

Results
The relative knowledge of nursing grading, ability of dynamically adapting classification and accuracy of classification were higher than before (χ2=42.15, 8.09, 12.2; P<0.01). The abilities of promoting nursing cases, communication, solving problem, reading literatures were significantly higher than before(t=-3.16, -4.90, -2.57, -4.90, -2.93; P<0.05). The dimension of responsibility had no significant difference (t=-1.84, P=0.090).

Conclusions
Nursing cases is effective in improving the accuracy of nursing grading, and promoting the ability and sense of improving nursing cases actively.

Key words:
Nursing cases; Nursing grading; Accuracy


The article, based on the analysis of scientific works, current regulations and law enforcement practice, provides a comprehensive philosophical and legal study of modeling the process of professionalization of judges in the context of the modern process of reforming the state and legal sphere, identifying parts that provoke professionalization of judges. options for influencing it. The main trends of further improvement of the judiciary are identified, namely: verification of the feasibility and effectiveness of the legally defined model of forming the judiciary – appointment to the position of a judge on a non-political, transparent, competitive basis at the request of the GRP with public involvement; professionalization of the judiciary; guaranteeing the independence of the judiciary and, as a result, ensuring the independence and security of the judiciary; raising moral and ethical requirements for judges in accordance with international standards; the growth of the authority of judges in society and unconditional trust in them.


Significance Although termite mounds stand out as an example of remarkably regular patterns emerging over long times from local interactions, ecological spatial patterns range from regular to random, and temporal patterns range from transient to stable. We propose a minimal quantitative framework to unify this variety by accounting for how quickly sessile organisms grow and die mediated by competition for fluctuating resources. Building on metabolic scaling theory for forests, we reproduce a wide range of spatial patterns and predict transient features such as population shock waves that align with observations. By connecting diverse ecological dynamics, our work will help apply lessons from model systems more broadly (e.g., by leveraging remote mapping to infer local ecological conditions). Population-level scaling in ecological systems arises from individual growth and death with competitive constraints. We build on a minimal dynamical model of metabolic growth where the tension between individual growth and mortality determines population size distribution. We then separately include resource competition based on shared capture area. By varying rates of growth, death, and competitive attrition, we connect regular and random spatial patterns across sessile organisms from forests to ants, termites, and fairy circles. Then, we consider transient temporal dynamics in the context of asymmetric competition, such as canopy shading or large colony dominance, whose effects primarily weaken the smaller of two competitors. When such competition couples slow timescales of growth to fast competitive death, it generates population shocks and demographic oscillations similar to those observed in forest data. Our minimal quantitative theory unifies spatiotemporal patterns across sessile organisms through local competition mediated by the laws of metabolic growth, which in turn, are the result of long-term evolutionary dynamics.


The fossil fuels degrade abundantly since 21st century. The usages of fossil fuels tend to emit the greenhouse gases that effect to global warming as well human health. To overcome these problems, the bioethanol introduced by the researches to substitute the fossil fuels. Bioethanol is a bioenergy produced by yeast fermentation at several conditions compared to conventional fossil fuels. Bioethanol is being studied because the unique properties and renewable fuels. The production of bioethanol in industrial scale involved high cost due to the usage of foods as sugar raw materials. Thus, this research is to evaluate the oil palm frond (OPF) juice as raw material for bioethanol fermentation. In this study, the bioethanol produces in shake flask by using Saccharomyces cerevisiae and OPF juice as medium component. Three parameters study are initial pH of medium, agitation speed, and OPF juice concentration. The best condition of parameters determine by the highest ethanol concentration produce. Inoculum prepared in shake flask to cultivate the yeast in medium growth and ferment in 250 ml shake flasks containing medium growth and beef extract. The flasks incubate in 48 hours, 12 hours interval for sample withdraw. The products analyse for sugar concentration and bioethanol concentration. The expected results for the best condition in bioethanol fermentation are in pH 7, 150 rpm agitation speed and 100% volume percentage of OPF juice concentration


Objective To observe the relationship between calcium contents in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell and the pulmonary hypertension (PH). Methods Flow cytometry was performed to detect the calcium contents in pulmonary smooth muscle cell of 18 cases of congenital heart disease patients with PH (PH group) and 19 patients without PH (nonPH group). Results The calcium contents in the PH group was higher than that of the non PH group (3.044 ± 0.732 vs 1.079 ± 0.409,P 0.01). Conclusions There is positive relation between the calcium content in pulmonary smooth muscle cell and the development of PH.


During the slurry water settling process,there is a disunified and irrational problem in the settling time.According to this phenomenon,a mathematics model was set up for the slurry water settling equipment in the coal preparation plant.The particle settling time by the simulation calculation was about 63 seconds.Base on the circumstance,the verification was conducted on the flocculation settling experiment of the slurry water.The study was conducted on the settling time affected to the settling results.The results showed that the flocculation settling time of the actual experiment was 60 seconds and was basically fitted with the 63 seconds of the theoretical calculated settling time.Thus the results would have important significances to the slurry water circulation time set and the water saving for the coal preparation plant.


Most of the extant wireless medicare system have been used Bluetooth or WiFi standard based on IEEE 802.11 to implement wireless communication. However, those could not work as a network and transmit data to specific terminals. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) based on IEEE 802.15.4 present a possibility to implement a networked medicare system. Most of those networking algorithms have been discussed by simulation with very simple wireless communication models, and do not implement on the real medicare sensors hardware. On the contrary, we designed a networked medicare system with real medical care sensors hardware, and with route through medicare nodes to any single sink node. We integrate two medicare sensors in the networks: a digital heart rate sensor and a pulse oximeter, both of which using MSP430 micro controllers. We have selected a algorithm which supports routing through any node to any node, and have implemented it on two types of WSNs nodes. This algorithm includes three route selection measures. We construct a test-bed and designed a experiment to compare these three kinds of route selection measures.


Under a certain pressure water head of lasting time, make a test in laboratory and in greenhouse,measures the water flow volume each node of permeation irrigation pipeline, utilizes the formulae to calculateuniformity of water flow according to single node. At the same time , considers the influence of gluing factors.The result of the test shows that water flow of permeation irrigation pipe with drilled holes is less than that ofcommon node permeation irrigation pipe, the uniformity of water flow from laboratory and greenhouse is nothigh , water flow of permeation irrigation pipe and time are not linear relations. and after bonding outerpermeation irrigation pipe with inner capillary tube, water flow is stable . Based the laboratory test, the wholewater head loss is very small of the capillary tube, and of whole tube, that is not big.


OBJECTIVE
Augmenting NAD+ metabolism through dietary provision of NAD+ precursor vitamins translate to improved glucose handling in rodent models of obesity and diabetes. Preclinical evidence suggests that the NAD+/SIRT1 axis may be implicated in modulating important gut-related aspects of glucose regulation. We aimed to test if NAD+ precursor supplementation with nicotinamide riboside (NR) affects β-cell function, α-cell function, and incretin hormone secretion as well as circulating bile acids levels in humans.

DESIGN
A 12-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, and parallel-group trial in 40 obese, insulin-resistant males allocated to NR 1,000 mg twice daily (n = 20) or placebo (n = 20).

METHODS
2-hour 75 gram oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) were performed before and after the intervention and plasma concentrations of glucose, insulin, C-peptide, glucagon, GLP-1, and GIP were determined. β-cell function indices were calculated based on glucose, insulin, and C-peptide measurements. Fasting plasma concentrations of bile acids were determined.

RESULTS
NR supplementation during 12 weeks neither affected fasting nor post-glucose challenge concentrations of glucose, insulin, C-peptide, glucagon, GLP-1, or GIP, and β-cell function did not respond to the intervention. In addition, no changes in circulating adipsin or bile acids were observed following NR supplementation.

CONCLUSION
The present study does not provide evidence to support that dietary supplementation with the NAD+ precursor NR serves to impact glucose tolerance, β-cell secretory capacity, α-cell function, and incretin hormone secretion in obese, non-diabetic males. Moreover, bile acid levels in plasma did not change in response to NR supplementation.


In this paper, the transient stability of an electric power system is improved by fuzzy logic controlled superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES). The effectiveness of the proposed fuzzy controlled SMES is compared with a conventional proportional integral (PI) controlled SMES. In addition to it a comparison between the fuzzy controlled SMES and fuzzy controlled braking resistor (BR) is also carried out. The simulation results show that under 3 phase fault, the fuzzy controlled SMES performance is better than PI controlled SMES. Furthermore, the performance of SMES is better than that of BR. The proposed method provides a very simple and effective means of improvement of transient stability.


In view of the frequent occurrence of Internet public opinion on the Internet, this paper analyzes the Internet public opinion monitoring and analysis system requirements and business processes. It introduces five-layer architecture of public opinion monitoring and analysis system, which consist of information automatic collection, information preprocessing, public opinion database, public opinion analysis and service, as well as public opinion visualization and report. Then, we study the implementation of key technologies in the system, including public opinion information collection technology, information search and clustering analysis, speech analysis and trend prediction analysis. Compared with the original system, the extraction accuracy of the theme and the accuracy of predicting the trend of public opinion for this redesigned system are significantly improved, which further verify the correctness of the proposed scheme.


Since Japanese colonial rule we have used a lot number as an address in civil law relation without an applicable act. However an address in public law...


ABSTRACT

THE INFLUENCE OF USING FREE WRITING TECHNIQUE TOWARDS STUDENTS' ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION TEXT WRITING ABILITY AT THE FIRST SEMESTER OF THE ELEVENTH GRADE OF MA AL HIKMAH BANDAR LAMPUNG
IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR OF 2017/2018

By:
Muhammad Al Mufarridun A

This research is conducted based on the phenomena taking place in school that are many students considered writing is difficult, the students have lack of vocabulary, the students cannot express their ideas in written form well especially in analytical exposition text, students writing score are still low, the students do not focus and feel bored when they write analytical exposition, the teaching technique that is used by teacher is still less enjoyable for the students.

The students' analytical exposition text writing score is below the criteria minimum mastery (KKM) at MA AL- HIKMAH Bandar Lampung. Therefore, this research discusses the influence of using free writing technique in teaching writing, especially for students' analytical exposition text writing ability. The objective of the research was to find out whether there is influence of using free writing technique towards students' analytical exposition text writing ability at the first semester of the eleventh grade of MA AL- HIKMAH Bandar Lampung in the Academic Year of 2017 / 2018.

The methodology of this research was quasi experimental design with the treatment held in 3 meetings, 2 x 45 minutes for each meeting. The population of this research was the regular class of the eleventh grade students of MA AL- HIKMAH Bandar Lampung. The total sample in this research was 77 students that were taken from two classes, IPA and IPS. In collecting the data, the writer used instruments pre-test and post-test. The instrument was analytical exposition writing test. After giving the post- test, the writer analyzed the data by using independent sample t-test.

From the data analysis, it was found that the result of test was tobserved (6.75) with tcritical (1.664), it means that the score of tobserved was higher than tcritical, so Ha is accepted. So, there was influence of using free writing technique towards students' analytical exposition text writing ability at the first semester of the eleventh grade of MA AL- HIKMAH Bandar Lampung in the Academic Year of 2017 / 2018.

Keywords: Analytical Exposition, Free Writing, Writing Ability, Quasi Experimental
Class


"Furthermore, Kcu tz er, I have talked it over with the principal, and we have decided the only thing' Ior lIS to do is advise you to give up your pool shooting or be dismissed from the squad. It's up to you, K.eutzer. You can tell me your decision tomorrow, You may go now." What a blow this was to rne! Well, there I stood at the crossroads of my life, being forced to give up either pool or basketball. It was C01111110nknowledge at the school that if anyone was dropped from the basketball squad it meant automatic dismissal from school as well. In all fairness, was it reasonable to ask a boy to give up his sole means of support? For the past three years I had been making all my money shooting nine-ball for fifty cents a game, and now the coach was asking me to cast it out of my life forever, or else ''vVhat a decision to have to make at such an early age! I shall never forget how difficult it was for me to leave old Bali High. But there corn es a time in every man's life when he must make a serious decision. Possibly, my decision was influenced by my girl friend, who positively refused to marry me unless I had a sound means of supporting her, such as playing nine-ball. However, I must admit that it does give me a great deal of satisfaction to note that Bali High hasn't WOIl a basketball championship since I left.


In considering the present state of radiation units for protection purposes, we shall start from proposals made by the International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements. In ICRU Report 11 (ICRU, 1968), and again in Report 19 (ICRU, 1971), dose equivalent is defined as the product of absorbed dose, quality factor, and any other necessary modifying factors, at the point of interest in tissue. However, the quality factor is not denned, apart from indicating its dependence on linear energy transfer, and there is an apparent uncertainty relating to the dimensions of the dose equivalent. Criticism of the definitions has already appeared from some quarters. As members of the British Committee on Radiation Units and Measurements, we have discussed these issues at considerable length and come to conclusions which, while not supporting some of the criticisms made, should clarify the position.


Common Causes of Sleeplessness Include: (1) Stress – Concerns about work, school, health, finances, or family can keep your mind active at night, making it difficult to sleep. Stressful life events or trauma – such as the death or illness of a loved one, divorce, or a job loss can lead to stress. (2) Travel or work schedule – Disrupting your body's circadian rhythms can lead to lack of sleep. Causes include jet lag from traveling across multiple time zones, working a late or early shift, or frequently changing shifts. (3) Poor sleep habits – Poor sleep habits include an irregular bedtime schedule, naps, stimulating activities before bed, an uncomfortable sleep environment, and using your bed for work, eating, or watching TV. Computers, TVs, video games, smartphones, or other screens just before bed can interfere with your sleep cycle. (4) Eating too much late in the evening – Having a light snack before bedtime is OK, but eating too much may cause you to feel physically uncomfortable while lying down. Many people also experience heartburn, a backflow of acid, and food from the stomach into the esophagus after eating, which may keep you awake. (5) Mental health disorders – Anxiety disorders, such as post-traumatic stress disorder, may disrupt your sleep. Awakening too early can be a sign of depression. (6) Medications – Many prescription drugs can interfere with sleep, such as certain antidepressants and medications for asthma or blood pressure. Many over-the-counter medications – such as some pain medications, allergy, and cold medications, and weight loss products – contain caffeine and other stimulants that can disrupt sleep. (7) Medical conditions – Examples of conditions linked with insomnia include chronic pain, cancer, diabetes, heart disease, asthma, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), overactive thyroid, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease. (8) Sleep-related disorders – Sleep apnea causes you to stop breathing periodically throughout the night, interrupting your sleep. Restless legs syndrome causes unpleasant sensations in your legs and an almost irresistible desire to move them, which may prevent you from falling asleep. (9) Caffeine, nicotine, and alcohol – Coffee, tea, cola, and other caffeinated drinks are stimulants. Drinking them in the late afternoon or evening can keep you from falling asleep at night. Nicotine in tobacco products is another stimulant that can interfere with sleep. Alcohol may help you fall asleep, but it prevents deeper stages of sleep and often causes awakening in the middle of the night. Complications of Insomnia May Include: (1) Lower performance on the job or at school. (2) Slowed reaction time while driving and a higher risk of accidents. (3) Mental health disorders, such as depression, an anxiety disorder, or substance abuse. (4) Increased risk and severity of long-term diseases or conditions, such as high blood pressure and heart disease. Prevention: Good sleep habits can help prevent insomnia and promote sound sleep: (1) Keep your bedtime and wake time consistent from day to day, including weekends. (2) Stay active – regular activity helps promote a good night's sleep. (3) Check your medications to see if they may contribute to insomnia. (4) Avoid or limit naps. (5) Avoid or limit caffeine and alcohol, and do not use nicotine. (6) Avoid large meals and beverages before bedtime. (7) Make your bedroom comfortable for sleep and only use it for sex or sleep. (8) Create a relaxing bedtime ritual, such as taking a warm bath, reading, or listening to soft music. Conclusion: Sleep deprivation is helping no one except the market. Brands are capitalizing on our lack of sleep, on our habits. Who are we giving excuses to, our web series can be paused, late night conversation can


The Pila Spi Formation is exposed in Permam Mountain forming its carapace, and continuous ridges for few hundreds of kilometers. The rocks of the formation are mainly dolomitic limestone, dolomite, and limestone with various proportions. The thickness of the formation in Permam Mountain is about 100 m. Nine samples are collected from the Pila Spi Formation along a recently road cut across Permam Mountain. The sampling interval varies from 10 to 15 m. The collected samples were subjected to X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy test to indicate the percentages of the main oxides in the samples. The results showed that the chemical composition of samples No. 1 and 9 meet the Iraqi standards for cement industry, whereas the remaining samples (Nos. 2–8) do not meet the Iraqi standards, and their total thickness is 80 m. To evaluate the suitability of the exposed rocks for cement industry in the sampled section within the Pila Spi Formation, different ratios of sample No. 1 were mixed with different ratios of a sample called sample No. A, it represents a mixture of samples No. 2–8. The mixing ratios are: (Sample No. 1/sample No. A) 50/50, 60/40, 70/30, 80/20, and 90/10. The same procedure was repeated for Sample No. 9. Another attempt was performed by mixing equal ratios of samples Nos. 1 and 9 with the same performed ratios with sample No. A.The chemical compositions of the samples were indicated using XRF test. The results showed that the best mixing ratios for the cement industry are 90:10, 80:20, and 70: 30 (samples Nos. 1+9: sample No. A).


Many institutions acknowledge that students find courses in research methods difficult and challenging. To overcome the problems associated with teaching this subject we have replaced the traditional didactic teaching approach, which did not facilitate student learning, optimize student achievement or adequately prepare students for their dissertation, with a student‐centred, tutor‐led approach. Staff training is an inherent part of the new approach, providing staff with the opportunity to refresh or develop their skills and knowledge in research methods. The approach is based on a comprehensive student study pack that has been written by staff and incorporates both ongoing assessment in the form of weekly seminar sheets and summative assessment comprising a research proposal and a statistical assignment. Since its introduction, the module has been extremely well received by both students and staff. The new approach is successful, as demonstrated by the low failure rate, the observation that students are more confident in approaching their dissertation and the fact that many now enjoy the module and find it relevant and academically challenging. External review also testifies to the success of the approach, which has been commended by external examiners and the QAA review team during their subject review.


Objective
To discuss the key post-procedural observation and management protocols of coronary stent implantation assisted by Impella2.5 percutaneous left ventricular assist device in cardiac insufficiency patients.

Methods
Hemodynamics and dynamic ECG monitoring were closely monitored after the procedure. Moderate blood volume was maintained while the electrolyte was balanced. Cardiac complication such as arrhythmia, bleeding and hemolysis were detected immediately. The waveform display on the Impella 2.5 console was monitored closely to assure the position of the Impella 2.5 catheter remains correct. Meanwhile the velocity and pressure of the axial pump was monitored to make sure that the micro axial pump works properly.

Results
Two patients were discharged after post-operation care without complications.

Conclusions
Proper management, early detection of complications and removal of Impella 2.5 percutaneous left ventricular assist device are essential to the recovery of patients with extremely low cardiac output who have received with coronary stent implantation assisted by Impella 2.5.

Key words:
Heart-assist device; Impella 2.5; Postoperative care


lowing aspects : patients' reactions and adjustments to hospitalization; inter-relations between medical, psychological and social adjustment ; family attitudes and the readjustment to family and community on discharge ; follow-up services provided, and the need for further after care. The presentation of this information involves many tables of statistics and percentages. The case histories given illustrate very clearly the many problems arising in hospital and after discharge. In general, it was found that patients reacted favourably to the Blythedale program, and almost two thirds functioned normally on discharge. This book would be of interest to those working in a children's rehabilitation centre. (Mrs.) S. Smith, M.A.O.T., O.T.Reg.


The prediction of landslide imminent sliding time can be established according to the time curve of landslide deformation. But the existing prediction models of landslide imminent sliding time have not unified the calculation interval. So the time prediction value obtained by the same model in different calculation intervals may be quite different. Taking Longjingcun Landslide in Guizhou Province as an example, this paper analyzes the fine deformation data of the landslide with the Saito time prediction model. The calculation range of the deformation for the prediction of the time of imminent sliding is determined to be between 70 and 75 degrees of tangent angle. According to the deformation curve, the landslide has obvious upward warping characteristics when it is imminent sliding, which leads to the occurrence time of the landslide ahead of time. By analyzing the ratio between the tangential gradient and the segment gradient of the curve, a correction coefficient of 0.5 is introduced to correct the time prediction value of landslide. The results show that the improved prediction method of landslide deformation imminent sliding time has good accuracy and applicability.


This paper addresses multisensor track integration (MSI) in a multitarget environment. This problem differs from the standard in that filtered sensor track files provide the measurements for MSI. Consequently, the sensor track file errors, which typically impact the tracking decisions, are correlated in the time variable. To avoid the unreasonable cost of calculating these autocorrelations, the approach here is to incorporate them into the derivation of the track association log-likelihoods. The result is a maximum likelihood track correlation criterion which, under specified conditions, can be evaluated using only the multisensor track filter variables.


The competitive scenario of the oil and gas market is a challenge for today's plant designers to achieve designs that meet client expectations with shrinking budgets, safety requirements and operating flexibility. A new process scheme for the recovery of NGL has been developed and patented (US Pat 5,890.377). This paper describes the process fundamentals of this development, different options of its use, flexibility of operation in ethane rejection or recovery, process controls, and how existing units could be easily revamped to this scheme. The innovation of this process is that it does not use the typical inlet gas feed split type of flow arrangement to reboil the demethanizer or deethanizer column, but instead uses an open heat pump scheme to that effect. The residue gas compressor provides the heat pump effect. The heat pump stream is then further cooled and entered in the top section of the column as a cold reflux. Product recoveries are above 95% for ethane plus product, or 99% for LPG production. Because of the nature of this design, this process offers the opportunity to operate at full ethane rejection or recovery. The scheme is also very adaptable to revamp existing facilities. NEW RECYCLE PROCESS SCHEME FOR HIGH ETHANE


The invention discloses a silicon chip clamp used for a silicon chip implantation process. The silicon chip clamp mainly comprises a base chip 1, a silicon chip 2, a rotating block 3, a rivet 4, a position spring leaf 5 and the like; the device is characterized in that the diameter of the base chip 1 is larger than the diameter of the silicon chip 2; the silicon chip 2 is fixed inside a groove of the base chip 2 by using the rotating block 3; and the spring leaf 5 can be positioned at two different positions respectively. The working principle of the device is described specifically in the specification, and the detailed embodiments are provided.


This report describes research studies of risk perception in highway driving. The objectives of the project were to gain a better fundamental understanding of how people perceive driving risk and to identify situations where risk may be consistently underestimated, providing danger to the driver or others. As part of this work, practical methods for the meaningful assessment of driving risk perception, as well as for an objective measure of the actual hazard at a site, were to be developed. The study focused on the normal, non-impaired driving public. A sequence of four experimental studies was conducted, using both videotaped scenes and on-the-road methods. A method for obtaining a continuous quantitative measure of the perceived level of hazard was developed and evaluated; both the magnitude of perceived risk, and the temporal aspects of changes in perceived risk, would be assessed. Perceived risk was related to both the actual hazard value and to overt vehicle control aspects (speed). People's subjective experience of risk was found to be generally accurate, but there were also some general misperceptions. In particular there was an underappreciation of the risk at intersections, potential traffic conflict situations, and night driving. Some potential applications of the methods developed, and potential safety intervention strategies, were suggested.


Sustainable development has drawn an enormous worldwide interest in the past decades from a wide range of academic disciplines and practice. Although sustainability is studied from different angles such as corporate responsibility, corporate social responsibility, corporate environmental responsibility, there are no comprehensive studies that take a holistic view of corporate sustainability and investigate the impact of corporate sustainability strategy on the firm's sustainability performance and its relation with other functional level strategies. Specifically, relatively less attention has been given to the role of operations strategy on the sustainability drives of a firm and its interface with corporate sustainability strategies. Integrating these disparate streams of research, this study attempts to investigate the question "How a firm can be successful at integrating sustainability concerns into strategic decisionmaking processes on various levels while still meeting its traditional business goals". The key objectives of this study are to explore conditions that influence the choice of corporate sustainability strategies and operations strategies of a firm and to analyze the impact of an alignment between corporate sustainability strategy and operations strategy of a firm on its sustainability performance. The findings of this study can potentially provide significant implications for operations management researchers and practitioners.


This paper present an improved reconstruction algorithm of the multi-gray level images based on overlapping block method using exact continuous moments computation: Legendre , Zernike, Pseudo-Zernike and Gegenbauer moments .  We solve the artifact issue caused by unitary block reconstruction which affects the visual image quality. This method aim to ensure high accuracy and low computation time, using only small finite number of moments. Our approaches aims to introduce these moments in the field of data compression and local feature extraction for pattern recognition. Experimental results show the superiority of our proposed approaches over the existing methods.


Snow leopards Panthera uncia occur in rugged,high altitude regions of Central Asia,where they are endangered as a result of human induced factors including low prey densities and poaching.Information on the status of this felid is limited in many regions.We examined the feasibility of using noninvasive genetic methods to monitor snow leopard populations and to study their genetic diversity.We observed snow leopard scats in three separate geographic regions during brief surveys and collected 109 scats from southwestern India(Ladakh),western China(Qinghai),and southern Mongolia(South Gobi).We used a panel of mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)primers and seven domestic cat(Felis catus)microsatellite loci to survey the snow leopard population and to examine their genetic diversity.Of the 32 scat samples found in Ladakh,50 found in Qinghai,and 27 found in Mongolia,80% produced positive species identification.Positive snow leopard identification was made in 17 of 32 scats collected in Ladakh,where 6 red fox and 2 wolf/dog scats were also detected.In Qinghai,36 scats were identified by mtDNA analysis,including 3 snow leopard,10 lynx,21 red fox,and 2 wolf/dog.Only snow leopard(11)and red fox(13)scats were observed in South Gobi.We genotyped 31 confirmed snow leopard scats with the 7 microsatellites selected.There were a total of 9 unique genotypes detected:4 in Ladakh and 5 in South Gobi.Using the Y-linked AMELY marker,we identified 2 males and 2 females in Ladakh,and 3 males and 2 females in South Gobi.All 7 loci were polymorphic in both Ladakh and South Gobi with numbers of alleles ranging from 2 to 4.No loci were found to be out of HW equilibrium after sequential Bonferroni correction of significance levels.The numbers of alleles and heterozygosity were lower in South Gobi,although our sample sizes were too small to test for significance.The F_ST estimated between the two areas was 0.171.Our findings highlight the efficacy of noninvasive genetic surveys for monitoring snow leopards and the feasibility of large-scale studies that will provide critical information for conservation of snow leopards throughout Central Asia.


Context Management of acute limb ischemia (<14 days) has been studied in a number of prospective randomized trials, and endovascular techniques, especially thrombolysis, in high-risk patients were found to be superior than open surgery. However, owing to the better results observed in patients presenting with subacute ischemia (14 days to 3 months) treated with surgery coupled with the associated complications of thrombolysis, surgery has been the recommended treatment for these patients. Patients who present with subacute ischemia have not been well recognized in the literature. Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and hemodynamic outcome of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty for subacute lower limb ischemia. Settings and design A total of 22 limbs that presented with subacute leg ischemia admitted to Alexandria Main University Hospital have been studied prospectively. All patients had femoro-popliteal occlusions shown by multislice computed tomographic angiography and severe leg ischemic pain +/− crippling claudication. Patients with acute leg ischemia or extensive foot necrosis necessitating amputation were excluded from the study. Patients and methods All patients were subjected to ankle-brachial index (ABI) measurement, color duplex ultrasound (CDU) scan, and multislice computed tomographic angiography before intervention. Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (balloon angioplasty +/− stent deployment) was performed for all participants. Clinical follow-up with ABI measurement was done at 1-, 3-, and 6-month intervals. CDU after 6 months for patency and restenosis was performed. Statistical analysis Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 15.0 was used. Values were compared with a paired samples t test. P values less than 0.05 were considered significant. Results Mean follow-up period was 6.2 months. The mean (±SD) ABI before and at 1-, 3-, and 6-month interval was 0.4 (±0.2), 0.53 (±0.11), 0.62 (±0.12), and 0.86 (±0.16), respectively, with P value less than 0.0001. Limb salvage rate for those patients who had constant ischemic pain and had primary technical success was 89%. As for those patients who had severe claudication, at 6-month follow-up, they had no complaint. Primary patency rate by CDU was 95%. Conclusions Balloon angioplasty is a safe and effective tool for management of subacute leg ischemia. It avoids high surgical risks and carries promising patency and limb salvage rates.


This article intends to provide our evaluation of the heavy metal pollution in the soil in-situ of the mineral products in the storage yards of Tianjin Port Harbor.For our research purpose,we have collected investigation samples from six highly selected points of the storage yard and a neighbor spot.As an analysis device,we have chosen to use the ICP-AES technique to determine the content and concentration of the samples,under study,including such metals as Cu,Pb,Cd,Ni,Zn,As and Cr,after the microwave pretreatment with aqua regia,HF and H2O2.While doing our analysis,we have introduced Hakanson's ecological risk index into our work in hoping to evaluate the potential ecological risk of the minerals which are likely to lead to the contaminated soil.The results of our investigation and analysis can be shown as follows:(1) The soil samples chosen prove to be heavily polluted and contaminated by the hazardous compounds containing Cd and As,whose concentration turns to be far beyond the specified scope that Grade III of the soil pollution standard has given;(2) The ecological risk index(RI) reveals that the area under investigation should be classified into heavily contaminated and environmentally severe damaged one,whose contaminated concentration of Cd and As is as high as to 95% of the RI value,though the contamination induced by Ni,Pb,Cu,Cr and Zn seem to be negligible;(3) In spite of the fact that the RI value of the soil sample collected in the depth of 60 cm is smaller than that in depth of 20 cm,strong evidence can still be found that the soil in the deep layer was still gradually polluted.In order to prevent further exacerbation and extension of the pollution by the heavy metal contamination from the mineral storage yards around Tianjin Port Harbor,it is necessary to reduce and restrict the import of minerals containing high concentration of Cd and As.At the same time,it is also necessary to enhance the soil survey of the mineral storage yards and stress the analysis of the soil's damage and pollution hazards with the focused determination of the content of Cd and As to reduce the soil's acidification.


-Abstract: Employee training refers to the skill equipping functions that many employers now offer to their employees. These are the functions that Human Resources staff perform relative to the organization's employees and include recruiting, hiring, compensation and historically, the exact origin of Accountability is not clear. However Mulgan, (2009) noted that the advent of Accountability can be traced right from the Industrial Revolution that took place in Britain. During the early part of the Industrial Revolution, many of the early firms went bankrupt. Little credit went to manufacturing operations and continuing operations and expansion was funded primarily from retained earnings (Morduch. 2009). Thus, during depressionsbenefits