The self-centering prestressed concrete( SCPC) frame with web friction devices aims at restoring its original vertical position after a major earthquake and reducing damage at the beam-column panel zone. Based on previous theoretical and experimental studies,a seismic design method for the SCPC frames was investigated. The seismic performance levels,the intensities of ground motions and ultimate limit states were defined,and the objectives of seismic design of SCPC frames were determined. Thereafter,the design method was proposed,including the selection of beam / column cross-sections,reinforcement arrangements,determination of pre-tensioning and friction forces. Taking a 6-story 4-bay SCPC frame with web friction devices for example,the performance-based seismic design was carried out,and seven earthquake ground motions were selected for nonlinear time-history analyses. It is observed that the calculated responses( i. e.,displacements,moments and strains,etc.) of the SCPC frame,designed using the proposed approach,match well with the design performance objectives,demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed design method. The designed structure shows desirable self-centering and energy dissipation capacity.


Objective:To investigate the role of interleukin 18 (IL-18) in the pathogenesis of primary hypertension (PH). Methods:Plasma levels of IL-18 in 35 patients with PH and 30 health controls were measured by ELISA. Result:IL-18 contents in patients with PH were significantly higher than those in normal controls (t=4.603,P0.001), which varied with the degree of PH (P0.05). Furthermore, IL-18 concentrations were remarkably increased in patients with heart failure (HF) as compared with those without HF (t=2.81, P0.01). Conclusion:IL-18 could be involved in the pathogenesis of PH.


Alzheimer disease and related dementia lead to a high burden for patients, families, and society (1). Over the typical disease course of 5 to 10 years, the condition results in progressive functional disability, frequent transitions in care, and excess health care costs (25). Alzheimer disease has no known cure or disease-modifying treatments (6). In the context of the disease, functional decline is believed to be the result of progressive deficits in cognitive, emotional, and physical function. New models of Alzheimer disease care focus on a team-based approach in support of the family caregiver and seek to improve patients' quality of life (7, 8). These new care models emphasize coordination with community-based services, modifications to the patient's home, and movement toward dementia-prepared communities (9). Primary care practices often find these new models difficult to implement, because they require practice redesign, workforce retraining, community outreach, and leadership in local advocacy. Ten years ago, we reported the results of a randomized, controlled clinical trial testing the effectiveness of collaborative care among primary care patients with Alzheimer disease (10). The intervention resulted in clinically significant improvement in the quality of care and behavioral symptoms for patients and reduced stress for their family caregivers. Despite these improvements, the intervention did not slow the rate of patients' functional decline. During the past decade, several studies focusing on functional decline among patients with Alzheimer disease have shown the potential of home-based interventions to slow this decline (1116). The specific aim of this study was to conduct a 2-year randomized, controlled clinical trial to delay functional decline among older adults with Alzheimer disease by comparing a control group receiving best-practice primary care with an intervention group receiving best-practice primary care plus a home-based occupational therapy intervention. Methods The study was approved by the Indiana UniversityPurdue University Indianapolis Institutional Review Board. A detailed description of the study design was published previously (17). The study was a randomized, single-blind, controlled clinical trial with a parallel design and a 1:1 allocation ratio. It was conducted at Eskenazi Health, an urban public health system serving Indianapolis, Indiana. Patients were enrolled from 1 of 10 primary care practices or the 1 senior care practice affiliated with Eskenazi Health. They were eligible for participation if they were aged 45 years or older and had a diagnosis of possible or probable Alzheimer disease, as determined by physicians in a memory care practice affiliated with Eskenazi Health. Eligible patients also were required to be community dwelling; to speak English; and to have a caregiver who was willing to participate in the study, had access to a telephone, and was willing to receive home visits. Research personnel assigned to each clinical site obtained written informed consent (or assent) from eligible patients and their participating family caregivers. The CONSORT (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials) diagram is shown in the Figure. Figure. CONSORT diagram. CONSORT = Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials. Randomization was conducted at the patient level, stratified by type of clinic (primary or senior care). The lead statistician (S.G.) used the statistical software SAS (SAS Institute) to generate the randomization scheme in a block of 4. Sequentially numbered, sealed envelopes containing the randomization assignment for patients from each of the 2 clinics were prepared by the study statistician. Actual randomization results were compared with the preplanned randomization schedule, and no deviation was found. Description of the Control Condition Both study groups received collaborative care for dementia facilitated through the Healthy Aging Brain Center (HABC), a memory care practice that provided comanagement with the primary care practice (18, 19). We considered this approach best-practice primary care because it encompassed the collaborative care intervention tested in our previous clinical trial (10). Based on the patient's current symptoms, as reported by the caregiver using the HABC Monitor (20), individualized recommendations were made to manage the patient's behavioral symptoms (21). Items reported by the caregiver dictated activation of specific behavioral intervention protocols by the care manager. Each of these protocols focused first on nonpharmacologic interventions. If the nonpharmacologic approach did not result in acceptable improvement, the care manager collaborated with the primary care or memory care practice physician to consider protocol-based drug therapy. Description of the Intervention The study intervention was described previously (22). Briefly, the intervention group received all of the components of best-practice primary care described earlier plus a home-based intervention designed to slow functional decline. Any study patient or caregiver, regardless of group, could receive any other concomitant care prescribed by their providers. The framework of the intervention was based on general occupational therapy principles (22) as well as interventions described in earlier published studies (1113, 23). The main goal was to support and augment the self-care functional capability of the patient, as identified by goals established in negotiation with the patient and caregiver. The occupational therapist completed an initial in-home evaluation to develop a formal care plan tailored to the needs of the patientcaregiver dyad, and he or she repeated the evaluation at the beginning of each additional cycle. Three cycles of the home-based intervention were completed over 2 years. In the first cycle, eight 90-minute sessions were delivered approximately every other week for 16 weeks. At each visit, the therapist introduced a new task based on a mutually agreed-on care plan. In the second cycle, the 8 home visits occurred every 4 weeks and therefore were completed in 32 weeks. In the third cycle, the 8 visits took place over 1 year. Between visits, any problems or new concerns on the part of the caregiver were addressed via telephone. The phone calls continued in the same progression throughout the 3 cycles, but with more weeks between contacts. Over 2 years, each dyad could receive up to 24 homes visits by 1 or more of 5 occupational therapists or 1 occupational therapy assistant; however, only an occupational therapist, not an assistant, could complete the initial assessment and care plan. Outcome Measures Outcome measures were completed in each patient's home by 2 research assistants who were blinded to the dyad's randomization status. The primary outcome measure was the Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study Group Activities of Daily Living Scale (ADCS ADL), which assesses the traditional basic activities of daily living as well as variations in instrumental activities of daily living and several more complex and explicit self-care tasks (24). Scores vary from 0 to 75, with higher scores indicating better function. Because this scale is based on reports by the caregiver, we also completed 2 patient performance measures. The Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) is a standardized measure of lower-extremity physical performance that includes walking, balance, and power tasks (2527). Scores vary from 0 to 12, with higher scores indicating better function. The Short Portable Sarcopenia Measure (SPSM), conceptualized as a measure of sarcopenia that combines muscle quantity and function (28), is based on timed chair rises, lean mass, and grip strength divided by height. Scores range from 0 to 18, with higher scores indicating better function. We previously reported good correlation between these 3 scales and caregiver-reported function across a range of patients' cognitive function (29). Those findings suggested that the patients could adequately understand and follow instructions for performing the SPPB and SPSM. To help compare our outcomes with those of our previous clinical trial of collaborative care alone, we also completed the ADCS Group Neuropsychiatric Inventory at each assessment (3032). Scores on this instrument range from 0 to 144, with higher values representing worse symptoms. We also collected a broad range of process-of-care data. Statistical Analysis The study was designed for 80% power based on a 2-tailed test at a 5% significance level to test the hypothesis that patients in the intervention group would have better function than those in the control group at 24 months, with an effect size of 0.23 SD based on the ADCS ADL. Thus, the targeted sample size was 180 patients. All participants were randomly assigned according to the randomization scheme and were analyzed in the group to which they were assigned. Dementia-specific care processes were compared between the 2 groups by using 2 sample t or Wilcoxon rank-sum tests for continuous variables and Fisher exact tests for categorical variables. For each outcome measure collected at baseline and 6, 12, 18, and 24 months, a mixed-effects model was used, with time and an interaction between group and time as independent variables, whereas randomization stratum and within-patient correlation over time were adjusted for by using an unstructured covariance matrix. Main effect for group was not included in the mixed-effects models in order to enforce the equal group mean assumption at baseline given the randomized trial design (33). Two sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess the potential effect of missing data (Appendix). First, multiple imputation for patients with missing follow-up data was done for those whose data were missing for reasons other than death. We used a regression imputation approach incorporating the patients' baseline characteristics and observed outcomes with separ


The magnetic field of a model ring-current belt encircling the earth symmetrically is numerically calculated, to a first approximation, for a particular model belt discussed by S. I. Akasofu and S. Chapman (J. Geophys. Re only for points in the equatorial plane were calculated. The whole distribution of the field is here discussed, and for a particular intensity of the belt the calculation is carried to a second approximation. It is shown that over the earth's surface the field of the ring current is nearly uniform, though in auroral latitudes the diamagnetism of the belt produces an insignificant irregularity in the field disturbance. The model belt considered here is one whose center line is connected with the auroral zone by the dipole field lines of force; its particles were not observed directly. Its existence is suggested by the quiet-day anomaly of the satellite-observed magnetic field at that distance. The known Van Allen radiation belts seem likely to contribute little to the ring current field, but during magnetic storms the radius of the belt mainly responsible for this field is probably less than 6 earth radii. (auth)


In conclusion I should like to summarize the anaesthetic technique I have employed in the operation of mitral valvotomy.
 1. Induction. Thiopentone. Maintenance. 50 per cent N2O:O2+pethidine. 2. Adequate oxygenation throughout operation. 3. The use of curare and controlled respiration. 4. Reduction of myocardial irritability with procaine amide. 5. Average total dosage of anœsthetic drugs used in 32 cases:


Abstract : Simulated near-in fallout experiments have been conducted using batches of 88-175u and 175-350u sand labelled with the low energy gamma-ray emitter, 177Lu (6.7 day half-life). Targets of field releases were alfalfa, pasture grass, field corn and grazing cows. Initial retention was determined by comparison with disc impactors and retention was measured as a function of time. Controlled deposition experiments were performed in a test chamber on corn, barley, tomatoes, beans and carrot plants. (Author)


With global climate change and increasingly extreme weather conditions, the water environment of the Lijiang River Basin is facing huge threats. Past studies have mostly focused on large-scale areas or have regional characteristics. Therefore, this study is based on the meteorological, hydrological, and water quality data of the Lijiang River from 2012 to 2018, using the analysis method Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, sensitivity , and contribution rate to quantitative analysis of the relationship between climate conditions and water environment indicators. The results show that the oxidation and alkalinity of the water in the Lijiang River Basin gradually increase, and the intensity becomes stronger as it goes downstream. DO increase and the concentrations of COD Mn , BOD 5 , and NH 4 -N all decreased, and water quality improved year by year. The input of external pollution has led to an upward trend in TP in Yangshuo. DO is positively correlated with wind speed and negatively correlated with other climate indicators. NH 4 -N and TP are mainly affected by precipitation, streamflow, humidity, and sunshine duration, only sunshine duration is negatively correlated. Pollutants from Guilin to Yangshuo on both sides of the Lijiang River were carried by the surface runoff into the water body contain a certain amount of organic matter and acidic matter. Water environment indicators are not very sensitive to precipitation and streamflow, humidity and wind speed have higher sensitivity. Water temperature and sunshine duration have a positive effect on reducing NH 4 -N and TP. Various climate conditions can help reduce organic matter in the water body where there are few external sources and the opposite contribution with external sources. No climate condition can dominate one water environment indicator of two stations at the same time. The difference between Yangshuo and Guilin is mostly due to the input of external sources on both sides of the Lijiang River, which leads to the difference in sensitive climate conditions. Construction of non-point source pollution reduction facilities and sewage treatment measures are very necessary.


The unique characteristics of compressed data have important implications to the design of space science data systems, science applications, and data compression techniques. The sequential nature or data dependence between each of the sample values within a block of compressed data introduces an error multiplication or propagation factor which compounds the effects of communication errors. The data communication characteristics of the onboard data acquisition, storage, and telecommunication channels may influence the size of the compressed blocks and the frequency of included re-initialization points. The organization of the compressed data are continually changing depending on the entropy of the input data. This also results in a variable output rate from the instrument which may require buffering to interface with the spacecraft data system. On the ground, there exist key tradeoff issues associated with the distribution and management of the science data products when data compression techniques are applied in order to alleviate the constraints imposed by ground communication bandwidth and data storage capacity.


In order to improve drive performance,a design method of PMSM used on electric vehicle(EV)is presented.According to the driving system requirement,the needed efficiency of PMSM was calculated.The diameter and length of PMSM armature were selected.The field-circuit coupled design were calculated.Based on all above decided parameters,a PMSM used on EV were designed.The designed PMSM were tested on motor test bench.This PMSM has big torque at low speed,wide constant efficiency section and low temperature rising.All the performance satisfy the EV requirements well.


Th ere have designed unifi ed methods of spectrofotometric determination of pirazinamid in substances and tablets, diff ering with use as standard sample of the acid benzoic and potassium chromate. Optimum conditions of the determination, solvents water cleaned, sodium hydroxide (for potassium chromate), acid hydrochloride (for acid benzoic). Were proved the analytical wavelength 268 nm. Th e scaling factors have been determined. Calibration equation was given. Th e relative standard defl ection of the designed methods for substance has formed less than 0,005, for tablets 0,024.


Chronic skin diseases degrade the patients life quality. Presently, topical steroids are the most efficient drugs for the
treatment of inflammatory skin diseases. However, there is a risk involved in their application: the patient can develop
both systemic and topical adverse effects. As many as 37 patients with atopic dermatitis (including 16 pregnant women)
applied an advanced corticosteroid drug topically for two months (uniderm according to an intermittent regimen: for
two consecutive days with a time window of five days (twice a week) against the background of daily administration
of Emolium, a basic care product. The uniderm administration regimen made it possible to considerably improve the
patients skin condition in most of the cases and improve the life quality in patients with atopic dermatitis.


The general GPS standards of geometrical product specifications and verification only bring up the matrix model,and do not apply the concrete computer methods. In order to meet the requirements of information expressing,exchanging and integrating,this paper studied the information classification and coding of new-generation GPS standards matrix model,carried out the coding according to its practice application,established unified encoding model,which is mixed structure,and then we carried on the description of the model. The purpose of this paper is to be the fundament for realizing the software-rization of the new-generation GPS standards. The model which is can be applied in different kinds of information objects,realizes the unification of coding structure for various kinds of information.


In this study, mass transfer of two new solvents, 2-MAE and DMAE were studied with various factors affecting mass transfer coefficient in comparison with MEA. Effect of solvent types, CO2 inlet loading 0.0, 0.1 and 0.2 mol/mol, solvent concentration 3, 4 and 5 kmol/m3, solvent flow rate 5.3, 10.6 and 15.9 m3/(m2?h) and CO2 content 13-15 v/v% in gas feed were investigated. In all cases, 2-MAE performed highest mass transfer rate among others. The highest mass transfer rate was 1.2656 kmol/(kPa?h?m3) for the case that CO2 inlet loading 0.0 mol/mol, solvent concentration 3 kmol/m3, solvent flow rate 10.6 m3/(m2?h) and CO2 content in gas feed was 15 v/v% which higher than that of MEA and DMAE at 0.4638 and 0.0215, respectively. The most influencing factor on rate of mass transfer was the reactant concentration which promoted forward rate of reaction and consequently reduced time required for absorption of dissolved CO2. Therefore, an increase in enhancement factor leads to an increase in overall mass transfer coefficient. In this study, DMAE which is a tertiary amine was not able to reach 100% CO2 removal efficiency due to the sluggish rate of reaction in carbonic formation step. Though there are more subjects needed to be investigated before further implementation in real CO2 capture plants, 2-MAE showed a positive possibility to be a candidate for solvent selection.

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Patient satisfaction and clinical outcomes are two interlinked topics that are always top of mind for U.S. doctors. Lately, we're seeing more evidence that having personable qualities such as empathy and a friendly demeanor improve both.


One hundred and fifty-five patients who had spontaneous deliveries, and 32 delivered by forceps or ventouse, were interviewed for up to 6 days postpartum, to discover the incidence of backache, headache, and bladder disturbance. The questionnaire was identical to that used for patients delivered under epidural block. The incidence of backache was 40% for spontaneous deliveries, 25% for forceps/ventouse; headache was 22.3% and 25% respectively, and bladder dysfunction 14.2% and 37.5% respectively.


The virtual instrument has opening , easy using , characteri stic with high cost performance to the traditional instrument, already been used widely in the detection system at present. This article uses LabVIEW software developing platform of Nl Company, has designed a kind of detection system about the wheel and the shaft trouble of the train.


A communication port testing module 20 connects to a port 101 of a computer 10 (e.g a PCMCIA port) for testing the integrity of the port pins. Specific input test data is written to a memory in the testing module through the port pins. The stored data is then read from the memory and compared to the input test data to detect any faulty pins. Open and short circuit pins can be identified and displayed on monitor 103.


The PDLLA/HA/NGF composite nerve conduit was prepared.The degradation performance of composite nerve conduits was researched and analyzed by observing the pH value changes of degradation medium,weight loss of the material,release behavior of NGF and surface micro-morphology of the material at different degradation times.Results indicate that composite nerve conduits can decrease the acid self-catalyzed degradation rate of PDLLA.The degradation performance and release behavior also have been influenced by the contents of NGF.All this data provide some references to optimize composition and adjust degradation performance of the material.


Efficacy of Autologous Melanocyte Transplantation on Amniotic Membrane in Patients With Stable Leukoderma: A Randomized Clinical Trial Vitiligo is a disfiguring disease with no definitive treatment options that significantly affects patients' quality of life. We aimed to compare, for what we believe to be the first time, the repigmentation efficacy of cultured epidermal cell suspension (CES) and amniotic membrane (AM)–cultured epidermal cell grafting (CEG) in the treatment of stable vitiligo.


The application of hurdle technology in food preservation is progressing. The technology is becoming more acceptable among researchers in the field of food preservation due to its effectiveness at mild levels. The effects of conventional preservation techniques are minimized by hurdle technology through a smart combination of preservatives at less severe levels. Considerable advancement in the application of hurdle technology is realized in both developed and developing nations. Nutritional and sensory qualities were protected through the smart use of combined preservation. The safety and stability of foods were ensured using this technology, and many perishable foods are now ambient stable. This article reviewed the principles of hurdle technology and reported the recent applications of the technology in the preservation of foods from plant and animal origins.


Abstract Objective Preterm birth is connected to a delay in the development and eruption of primary teeth. The aim of the study is to present clinical findings, complications and management of prematurely erupted primary teeth. Subjects Three premature neonates with prematurely erupted teeth were examined during a 3-year period. The gender, gestational age, birthweight, mode of delivery and general health status were recorded. The literature search was conducted using several databases. Results The intraoral examination of three premature neonates revealed the presence of partially erupted lower central incisors. All teeth erupted between 4 and 6 weeks after preterm birth and were extracted due to their hypermobility. Two retrospective studies and 10 case reports concerning preterm infants with natal or neonatal teeth were found. Conclusion Careful examination of preterm infants with natal or neonatal teeth is very important not only for a treatment decision but also for the possible presence of syndromic conditions.


In recent years, quantitative methods and psychometric analyses have been an integral component in the process of developing and evaluating health measurement instruments. The objective of the present study is to demonstrate the potential and usefulness of the person-centered approach in the field of e-health by identifying groups of patients with similar characteristics. Based on a sample of data and using latent profile analysis (LPA) in Mplus 7.4, four profiles (groups) that differ between themselves both quantitatively (level) and qualitative (shape) were identified. A one-way multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) showed that there are significant differences between the four profiles.


To improve the accuracy and real-time performance of particle filter algorithm for tracking vision object,an improved algorithm in combination with mean shift and particle filter was proposed.Similar particles were clustered,and representative particles were iterated in each cluster by using mean shift algorithm.Then computation complexity was reduced by fewer mean shift iterative particles.Particle number and process noise distribution were adjusted adaptively based on tracking condition to improve tracking accuracy and reduce computation complexity.The experimental results prove the superiority of the proposed method,the average of each frame' operation time of this method is less than half of classic bybrid algorithm,and its computation complexity is also less than classic bybrid algorithm.


Looking at the Swedish public sector from a Scandinavian perspective, this chapter argues for a challenged but resilient (although not uniform) Scandi- navian public sector. Sweden is a nation with a long tradition of decentral- ized decision-making, semi-autonomous government agencies and independent local governments. This is considered a receptive context for continuous and incremental modernization. It has fostered a high degree of experimentation in terms of modes of production and distribution, albeit without the risks associated with purely market-driven social reforms based on privatization of both production and financing. The variations on the Swedish modernization theme are many, involving various forms of mar- ketization initiatives, boundary-spanning cooperative efforts and an open attitude and willingness towards trying and sharing experiences. High levels of transparency and trust are two initial traits signifying the Scandinavian public sector, which have been both amplified and challenged by the NPM agenda. The inherent strive of NPM for compartmentalization, quantifica- tion and performance measurement challenges some of the institutional glue of the welfare state, which has kept the parts together in a solid unity. Simultaneously, many NPM reforms – with their emphasis on performance measurement and reporting for increasing transparency and improving the outcomes of public polices and services – contribute both to sustained trust and welfare. The chapter concludes that Sweden keeps defending the Scan- dinavian model and values of universalism, solidarity and market independ- ence, a defence in which developments in society and future public management reforms may prove wanting. (Less)


The Tasiuyak paragneiss at the western margin of the Nain Plutonic Suite has been subjected to two granulite-facies metamorphic events: (i) regional metamorphism during the Paleoproterozoic Torngat orogeny, and (ii) contact metamorphism due to emplacement of the Mesoproterozoic Nain Plutonic Suite. Regional metamorphism led to partial melting of pelitic rocks and the development of a locally well-preserved sequence of prograde and retrograde textures. These textures are partly controlled by bulk composition and formed in the pressure–temperature (P–T) field of the continuous reaction: biotite + sillimanite + plagioclase + quartz  = garnet + K-feldspar + melt, along a hairpin P–T path with peak conditions of ~8–10 kbar (0.8–1.0 GPa) and up to 870 °C in the NaKFMASH (Na2O–K2O–FeO–MgO–Al2O3–SiO2–H2O) system. These textures controlled the development of the contact metamorphic assemblages. Contact metamorphism of the pelitic rocks between the Tessiarsuyungoakh intrusion and the Makhavinekh Lake pluton led to ...


Slide 2: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant global health problem. Data from National Health Surveys indicates that the prevalence of CKD in the US is approximately 10-12%. CKD is of particular concern in diabetes where the prevalence of CKD in the diabetic population is estimated at 20-40%, and diabetic nephropathy is the single most common cause of kidney failure. In addition to increased risk of kidney failure and all-cause mortality, CKD is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease and cardiac mortality.


Previous research has found that cognitive frame, mental models, and schema embody a dominant logic of firms that structure the behavioral routines of managers and can become a central force shaping a firm's decisions and actions. This exploratory study seeks to provide insight into an emerging dominant logic among recently established private-sector Chinese enterprises. Using multiple case studies of Chinese entrepreneurial firms, we identify convergence on a surprisingly similar dominant logic based on closely aligned concepts and accompanying behaviors: a defensive perspective of business environment; a conservative strategic decision-making process; and full involvement of owners and top managers in daily operations that substitute for development of elaborate routines and systems. Although a dominant logic may facilitate decision making and growth, it may also act as a perceptual blinder limiting opportunity search as firms seek to minimize risk in an uncertain environment.


Many carcinogens have been shown to cause tissue specific tumors in animal models. The mechanism for this specificity has not been fully elucidated and is usually attributed to differences in organ metabolism. For heterocyclic amines, potent carcinogens that are formed in well-done meat, the ability to either bind to the estrogen receptor and activate or inhibit an estrogenic response will have a major impact on carcinogenicity. Here we describe our work with the human estrogen receptor alpha (hERa) and the mutagenic/carcinogenic heterocyclic amines PhIP, MeIQx, IFP, and the hydroxylated metabolite of PhIP, N2-hydroxy-PhIP. We found that PhIP, in contrast to the other heterocyclic amines, increased cell-proliferation in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells and activated the hERa receptor. We show mechanistic data supporting this activation both computationally by homology modeling and docking, and by NMR confirmation that PhIP binds with the ligand binding domain (LBD). This binding competes with estradiol (E2) in the native E2 binding cavity of the receptor. We also find that other heterocyclic amines and N2-hydroxy-PhIP inhibit ER activation presumably by binding into another cavity on the LBD. Moreover, molecular dynamics simulations of inhibitory heterocyclic amines reveal a disruption of the surface of the receptor protein involved withmore » protein-protein signaling. We therefore propose that the mechanism for the tissue specific carcinogenicity seen in the rat breast tumors and the presumptive human breast cancer associated with the consumption of well-done meat maybe mediated by this receptor activation.« less


This report summarizes the results of a GRI-commissioned study to survey and compare residential and commercial fuel prices in 18 representative U.S. cities. Results show that although the 18 utilities in the sample offer a large number of different electric rates, most residential and commercial customers use the utilities' basic rate schedule. The residential electric rate structure generally varies seasonally, with block rates increasing in the summer cooling season. Commercial electric rate structures are more complicated, with separately metered demand charges typically offered in conjunction with a basic time-of-use rate. On the other hand, gas rates are simpler in structure for both residential and commercial customers. The gas rates offered are simple basic rates with either a flat rate or a declining block structure. Most gas rates do not vary seasonally; those that do vary reflect shifts in the fuel-cost adjustment between seasons. The survey also ranks the 18 cities by the average price of electricity in dollars per million Btu. The seasonal electric rates make electricity more competitive with natural gas during the winter heating season due to the low market-clearing prices. During summer, electricity competes effectively with natural gas despite the higher market price due to the limitedmore » cooling availability of natural gas.« less


In the main tables of the paper, we did not include the performances of α-TIM in the standard balanced setting. Here, we emphasize that α-TIM is a generalization of TIM [1] as when α → 1 (i.e., the α-entropies tend to the Shannon entropies), α-TIM tends to TIM. Therefore, in the standard setting, where optimal hyper-parameter α is obtained over validation tasks that are balanced (as in the standard validation tasks of the original TIM and the other existing methods), the performance of α-TIM is the same as TIM. When α is tuned on balanced validation tasks, we obtain an optimal value of α very close to 1, and our α-mutual information approaches the standard mutual information. When the validation tasks are uniformly random, as in our new setting and in the validation plots we provided in the main figure, one can see that the performance of α-TIM remains competitive when we tend to balanced testing tasks (i.e., when a is increasing), but is significantly better than TIM when we tend to uniformly-random testing tasks (a = 1). These results illustrate the flexibility of α-divergences, and are in line with the technical analysis provided in the main paper.


TECHNICAL STATEMENT A massive arrangement of polygons composed of parallel junks is arranged on the plane. The drawing is a pen-plotter image plotted with pencil on paper. The image is generated using random procedures within certain boundaries and observing some parametric restrictions. The program accepts a set of starting points for polylines and generates the lines agorithmically on the basis of parameter settings. The drawing comes into existence in a single shot and as one instance of a possibly endless sequence of drawings. All the required decisions are coded in the program. The intentions of the artist are formulated before the process is triggered.


Freelancing can be a compelling way to structure your career, allowing you to embark on a variety of projects and manage your own time. But there are risks, as well. During the session you will hear from a number of presenters about how they organize their project-based careers, balance financial security with creative development, and pitch projects to funders and clients. For more information: Hearken Website: https://www.wearehearken.com/ Ellen McSweeney Website: http://www.ellenmcsweeney.net/ Humanities Without Walls is a consortium of 15 universities across the Midwestern United States, based at the Illinois Program for Research in the Humanities at the University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, and funded by a grant from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation. For more information, visit: http://www.humanitieswithoutwalls.illinois.edu


We introduce a St. Petersburg-like game, which we call the 'Pasadena game', in which we toss a coin until it lands heads for the first time. Your pay-offs grow without bound, and alternate in sign (rewards alternate with penalties). The expectation of the game is a conditionally convergent series. As such, its terms can be rearranged to yield any sum whatsoever, including positive infinity and negative infinity. Thus, we can apparently make the game seem as desirable or undesirable as we want, simply by reordering the pay-off table, yet the game remains unchanged throughout. Formally speaking, the expectation does not exist; but we contend that this presents a serious problem for decision theory, since it goes silent when we want it to speak. We argue that the Pasadena game is more paradoxical than the St. Petersburg game in several respects. We give a brief review of the relevant mathematics of infinite series. We then consider and rebut a number of replies to our paradox: that there is a privileged ordering to the expectation series; that decision theory should be restricted to finite state spaces; and that it should be restricted to bounded utility functions. We conclude that the paradox remains live.


Objectives: This study aimed to explore the self-care strategies undertaken by Polish nurses, and more specifically: to assess the participants' selfcare strategies; to check self-medication patterns in the study group; and to analyze compliance with medical recommendations regarding pharmacotherapy. Material and Methods: A quantitative and cross-sectional survey was conducted to examine the phenomenon of interest. The study employed a questionnaire survey with an independently designed questionnaire as a research tool. A total of 446 registered nurses taking part in different professional training courses for nurses in January–June 2018 who agreed to participate were included in the study. Results: The findings of this study reveal generally poor self-care strategies and compliance with medical recommendations among Polish nurses. The most frequent health behaviors among the surveyed nurses were caring for personal hygiene and a healthy diet. About 31% of the nurses confirmed supplements use. The most common reasons for taking supplements concerned the prevention of vitamin and mineral deficiencies (77.5%), and boosting of the immune system (49.3%). The most popular supplements included packs of vitamins (57.2%), single vitamin D3 (33.3%) and magnesium (31.2%). The vast majority of participants (79.8%) took some kind of over-the-counter drugs (OTCs) in the last 6 months, most often painkillers and flu medications, relying most frequently on the information included on the drug leaflets. The analysis showed a statistically significant relationship between declared OTC use and age, marital status, years of professional experience and economic status. Overall, 26.9% of the study participants declared the use of both supplements and OTCs, while 16.4% of the participants used neither supplements nor OTCs. Conclusions: Self-care strategies undertaken by nurses should be seen as an essential factor in their positive therapeutic relationship with patients. The ageing nursing workforce should make all of us increasingly aware that their self-care needs will increase as well.


Landrace Yorkshire male pigs were weaned at 7-day old and fed with milk prepared by milk-replacing powder(MRP) and water.At 9-day old,twelve pigs were randomly assigned into control(basic diet) or glycyrrhetinic acid(GA) group(MRP containing 200 mg/kg GA) according to body weight,6 pigs each.The pigs were fed with corresponding feed for 12 days.Pigs were weighed and killed at 21-day old,and the viscera index,the protein content in enterocytes of small intestine and the ornithine decarboxylase(ODC) activity in that of jejunum,and the villus height,crypt and lamina propria depth of jejunum and ileum were determined.The results showed that,compared with the control,the liver index and small intestine mass/length,the villus height of jejunum and ileum and the crypt of ileum in GA group were increased(P0.05);The ODC activity was enhanced(P0.01).It is indicated that the development of liver and small intestine of piglet were boosted and the mucosa structure was improved by GA;And increasing ODC activity is one of the potentially molecular mechanism of GA on the small intestine.


: The present work concentrates on the use of Grey Relational Analysis for optimizing the drilling parameters like weight percentage of multi-wall carbon-nanotube (MWCNTs), cutting speed and feed rate on the thrust force and the delamination factor in the drilling of GFRP composites. Full factorial design is utilized for the trial. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) is applied to determine the significance of drilling parameters on multi-response. Considering the multi-response optimization results, which are acquired from the largest Grey Relational Grade ( GRG ), it is determined that optimal parameters are 1 wt. % MWCNTs, cutting speed 25 m/min, and feed rate 0.10 mm/rev to minimize concurrently thrust force and delamination factor. It is provided that the percentage development in GRG with the multi-response optimization is 50.53%. It is clearly indicated that the quality characteristics are crucially developed using this approach in the drilling of GFRP. According to the results of ANOVA of the GRG , the crucial factor is feed rate. Validation experiment was confirmed by computing the confidence level within the interval width. Eventually, results of validation experiment with the optimum drilling conditions settings have indicated that the proposed model develops overall performance of drilling process.


Solution to replace the steel cage guides in the main shaft of Longmenshan and its construction technology are introduced in this paper,the combined operation of hoister,slow hoisting and hand chain hoist is adopted.Because of the reasonable construction scheme,comprehensive safety precautions,high quality and simple operational approach,the replace of steely guides is quickly and successfully accomplished without influencing production.


Abstract BACKGROUND: Over the past four decades, there has been a substantial increase in the incidence of thyroid cancer with studies suggesting that greater use of thyroid ultrasound contributes to the rise in incidence. However, little is known about physician reported practice patterns on ultrasound use. Methods: Patients diagnosed with differentiated thyroid cancer in 2014–15 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results registries of Georgia and Los Angeles were surveyed and asked to identify the surgeon who performed their thyroid surgery, and the endocrinologist and other doctors most involved in their thyroid cancer treatment decision making. We surveyed all physicians identified by more than one patient, and a random sample of physicians identified by one surveyed patient (N=610; 65% response rate). Surveyed physicians were asked to identify the clinical scenarios in which they would schedule a thyroid or neck ultrasound. We generated descriptive statistics for all categorical variables and used multivariable logistic regression to identify factors associated with thyroid ultrasound misuse. Results: The cohort consisted of primary care physicians (PCPs; N=162), endocrinologists (N=176), otolaryngologists (N=130), and general surgeons (N=134). In addition to physicians reporting ultrasound use for accepted reasons such as palpable nodule on exam (98%), large goiter (92%), and nodule seen on other imaging test (88%), a substantial number of physicians endorsed ultrasound use for clinically unsupported reasons: patient request (33%); abnormal thyroid function tests (28%); and positive thyroid antibodies (22%). In multivariable analysis, compared to PCPs, endocrinologists, otolaryngologists, and general surgeons were significantly more likely to schedule an ultrasound in response to patient request (odds ratio (OR) 2.52, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.27–5.11; OR 2.98, 95% CI 1.57–5.79; OR 2.14, 95% CI 1.17–3.97, respectively). Physicians in private practice were more likely to schedule an ultrasound for abnormal thyroid function tests (OR 2.44, 95% CI 1.33–4.73) and positive thyroid antibodies (OR 2.47, 95% CI 1.27–5.21) compared to those in academic medical centers. Physicians who managed ten patients or less, compared to more than 50 patients, with thyroid nodules in the past 12 months were less likely to schedule an ultrasound for positive thyroid antibodies (OR 0.43, 95% CI 0.19–0.95). Conclusion: Physicians report scheduling thyroid ultrasound for reasons not supported by clinical guidelines and in conflict with the Choosing Wisely recommendations. Understanding why physicians use thyroid ultrasound and factors that correlate with clinically unsupported reasons is essential to creating targeted educational interventions to improve physician adherence to guidelines, reduce unnecessary imaging, and curb the overdiagnosis of low-risk thyroid cancer.


Piezoelectric multilayer actuators (MLAs) are among the most suitable piezoelectric actuators to be integrated into fast mechanical systems, given their high force capabilities and high dynamic response. Overall dynamic behaviour though is influenced by load and driving electric circuit characteristics. The aim of the present work is to investigate the transient dynamics of mechanical systems actuated by MLAs. To this purpose, the system, including the driving electric circuit, is modelled employing finite difference techniques. Such methods are extremely flexible and allow modelling non-linear behaviour and transient phenomena. In particular the response to an input step voltage will be simulated and the influence of the system's parameters on its response will be investigated. The results provide valuable information such as required currents that can help the engineer in the design process.Copyright © 2010 by ASME


Emotions and gestures are essential elements in improving social intelligence and predicting real human action. In recent years, recognition of human visual actions using deep neural networks (DNNs) has gained wide popularity in multimedia and computer vision. However, ambiguous action classes, such as "praying" and "pleading," are still challenging to classify due to similar visual cues of action. We need to focus on attentive associated features of facial expressions and gestures, including the long-term context of a video for the correct classification of ambiguous actions. This article proposes an attention-aware DNN named human action attention network (HAANet) that can capture long-term temporal context to recognize actions in videos. The visual attention network extracts discriminative features of facial expressions and gestures in the spatial and temporal dimensions. We have further consolidated a class-specific attention pooling mechanism to capture transition in semantic traits over time. The efficacy of HAANet is demonstrated on five benchmark datasets. As per our knowledge, no publicly available dataset exists in the literature, which distinguishes ambiguous human actions by focusing on the visual cues of a human in action. This motivated us to create a new dataset, known as Visual Attention with Long-term Context (VALC), which contains 32 actions with about 101 videos per class and an average length of 30 s. HAANet outperforms UCF101, ActivityNet, and BreakFast-Actions datasets in terms of accuracy.


Abstract A comparison of the annual cycle of two monthly sea surface temperature climatologies for the world ocean is presented. One set of the climatological fields used consist of one-degree objectively analyzed monthly means, based on approximately 1.5 million temperature soundings held by the National Oceanographic Data Center, Washington, DC. The second climatology used is based on monthly objective analyses of a subset of the 70 million historical merchant ship reports from the Cooperative Ocean–Atmosphere Data Set. The comparison is performed by examining the amplitude and phase of the first two harmonics of each climatology, as well as the percent variance contributed by each harmonic to the annual cycle. There is excellent agreement between the two sea surface temperature climatologies in the first two harmonics. In the Northern Hemisphere, maxima in the amplitude of the first harmonic are found off Japan (approximately 7.5°C–8.0°C) and off the east coast of the United States (8.0°C–9.0°C off Cap...


The scattering of electromagnetic signals from wind turbines is a potential cause of clutter especially for passive radars which may use for example commercial Digital Video Broadcasting – Terrestrial (DVB-T) or frequency modulation (FM) broadcasting transmissions as transmitters of opportunity. These transmitters typically have a nearly constant gain in azimuth and thus they will illuminate the wind turbines at all times if they are visible to the transmitter mast. Understanding the wind turbine clutter is a first step in mitigating its negative effects. A previously published analytic line scatterer model for wind turbines is developed further in this work. Elevation angles are taken into account and thus the transmitter, wind turbine and receiver locations are no longer limited to the plane of same height. Furthermore, the amplitude of the scattered signal in the line scatterer model is investigated in detail and compared to radar cross-section (RCS) simulations from a 3D model of a wind turbine rotor. Based on this comparison, frequency dependent models for the amplitude are developed. The model development shows that wind turbine RCS can be highly dependent on frequency and view angle, but simplified models can also give quite good predictions. One possible application of the model is demonstrated by simulating a passive radar signal processing scenario where the effect of the blade flashes can be seen in the cross-ambiguity function (CAF) computation.


We report a $^{59}\mathrm{Co}$ Knight-shift measurement in a single crystal of the cobalt oxide superconductor ${\mathrm{Na}}_{x}\mathrm{Co}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}∙1.3{\mathrm{H}}_{2}\mathrm{O}$ $({T}_{c}=4.25\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K})$. We find that the shift due to the spin susceptibility, ${K}^{s}$, is substantially large and anisotropic, with the spin shift along the $a$-axis ${K}_{a}^{s}$ being two times that along the $c$-axis ${K}_{c}^{s}$. The shift decreases with decreasing temperature (T) down to $T\ensuremath{\approx}100$ K, then becomes a constant until superconductivity sets in. Both ${K}_{a}^{s}$ and ${K}_{c}^{s}$ decrease below ${T}_{c}$. Our results indicate unambiguously that the electron pairing in the superconducting state is in the spin singlet form.


Objective: There is a dearth of data related to psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A neuropsychological case study was completed involving ASD and PNES to improve our understanding of brain behavior relationships and expand our clinical reach within this population.
 Method: A 9-year-old male with ASD, comorbid mild intellectual disability, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and oppositional-defiant disorder was evaluated. He exhibited seizure-like episodes, involving staring, tremor, shaking, confusion, and prolonged memory lapses. Prior EEG was consistent with epileptiform focus in the right parasagittal region. Repeat EEG, brain MRI, and 3-day continuous EEG (cEEG) were unremarkable. Clinical episodes during cEEG had no EEG correlate or seizure episodes and included features inconsistent with epileptic seizures, indicating PNES.
 Results: Indices assessing aptitude and intellect were broadly dampened (< 1st-5th percentile), aside from visual-spatial processing (77th percentile). His profile revealed difficulties with language (e.g., receptive and expressive vocabulary, fluency, and comprehension), rote and contextual verbal learning and memory, executive functioning (e.g., working memory, inhibition, and switching), processing speed, and fine motor skills (all < 1st-9th percentile). Visual-perception and visual-motor integration were strengths. See Table 1 for selected neuropsychological results.
 Conclusions: Given combined neurodevelopmental diagnoses, neuropsychological challenges were expected. The visuospatial strength was consistent with literature findings that some with ASD display enhanced visual-perception. Because seizure episodes were identified as non-epileptic, while behaviorally concerning, these events were not likely contributing to the neurocognitive presentation. There is need for future studies to examine the neuropsychological profiles and brain-behavior relationships of individuals with PNES and ASD.


This study examines critical local service delivery issues to understand the drivers and catalysts of intra-agency collaborative domains. Based on the survey data of public employees in the Taipei Household Registration Office, this study provides empirical evidences to support the relationship between intra-agency collaboration and perceived organizational performance. The findings reveal the mediating role of central administrative organization and information sharing, but do not support the direct influence of stakeholder assistance. Implications of these findings are emphasized for future studies of local collaborative governance.


This meeting was dedicated to Jean-Louis Leroy, who pioneered polarimetry in French astronomy, and who is one of the leading experts in the field. He applied this diagnostics tool to better understand various astrophysical objects: the Sun, comets, stars, the interstellar medium. Some of his major achievements will be recalled here.


Analysis of geoecological condition of the territory shows, that the consequences of anthropogenous activity are investigated very poorly and demand further study at the level of mineral wealth condition monitoring.


Primary production, production of and energy flow through small mammal populations, as well as their consumption, was measured by IBP methods. In a mature spruce forest with mainly granivorous species the impact by small rodents was not appreciable. In a reforestation on a clear felled area there were large annual variations in productivity with 0.5-2% total and 1-3 % "useful" primary production being consumed by small rodents. The main small mammal consumer in this habitat was Microtus agrestis (L.). Production varied between 0.5 and 5% of the assimilated energy; the differences being due mainly to species and physiological properties.


Chylothorax is an infrequent type of pleural effusion, typically exudative, caused by obstruction or laceration of the thoracic duct by malignancy, trauma, or thoracic surgery. Transudative chylous pleural effusions are extremely rare. We report a case of a 63-year-old male with recurrent transudative chylothorax secondary to cirrhosis that completely resolved with transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunting (TIPS). Transudative chylous pleural effusion is an extremely rare entity with only a few cases reported in the literature to date. Transudative chylothorax can occur in patients with liver cirrhosis. Recognizing this association will prevent unnecessary testing and procedures. Timely diagnosis and early initiation of treatment are pivotal in preventing complications from malnutrition and infection by preventing loss of electrolytes, immunoglobulins, and T-lymphocytes.


With an overwhelming sense of genuine pride and obligation, I take the oppourtunity to express my deep sense of gratitude to my guide Dr. Khagendranath Chattopadhyay, Dept. of Institute of Science Education, The University of Burdwan for finalization of this dissertation paper on time. His consistent inspiration and encouragement swayed my mind towards the depth study of the subject of my dissertation topic. Here, I must not leave the oppourtunity to express my gratitude to his sincere guidance and supervision. My sincere thanks to all the staff of the Institution of Science Education, professors, lecturers, and guest lecturers and to other members of the faculty. My special thanks to Dr. T.K.Samanta (Head of the department) Dr. C.Mehra, Dr.N.K.Mondal, Mrs. Rakhi Bhattacharya, Prof. S.K. Chatterjee and to other concern teachers. Lastly , I would like to offer my sincere gratitude to my parents, brothers and other family members , who have been constant source of inspiration and encouragement throughout my life and without their support I couldn't reach at this stage . Many known and unknown persons, who have helped me to a great extent in completing this work.


With the gradual mature of tourist market and the constant increasing stress of competition,it is the key problem to obtain the competition advantage and dominate the market to establish the correct marketing idea for tourism destination management.General and diversity of tourist industry make the destination suitable for the IMC very much.This paper analyses the marketing strategy of the destinations,using the soul of the IMC theory,and mainly promotes three kinds of integration: the tourism destination image integration,the strategy integration of marketing mix and the integration of brand information dissemination.


The present work carries out an analysis about the environment services, the different schemes, and his successful application inlocal and international markets. According to the compiled information, the successful in the implementation of environmentalservice scheme it caused for de soil use of the offer area and the environmental service type, also de flexibility in the contractsbetween de purveyor and the user. Is important considerer the not exclusion of the people who live in the poverty locations and thatneed the use soil for satisfied his basically needed


A brief window of opportunity for an Israeli-Palestinian peace process has opened up since the Hamas-Fatah confrontation in Gaza in June. Yet the governments of both Israel and Palestine are weak, and if they fall, this could cause further instability and violence. More robust international involvement is required, including closer coordination and consultation between the Quartet and the Arab Quartet. A comprehensive process towards a final-status deal must be undertaken. This would include a new timetable for implementation of existing framework agreements, an international implementation and enforcement mechanism with close monitoring and compliance facilities, and a built-in conflict resolution mechanism to help the parties overcome disagreements in the process. Once serious progress is made on the peace front with the current Palestinian government, a concerted effort will have to be made to promote Fatah-Hamas reconciliation with a view to reintegrating Hamas into the political process.


A microscopic treatment of $\eta$--nucleus scattering is presented. When applying the underlying exact integral equations, the excitation of the target are neglected, and an input $\eta N$ amplitude is chosen which reproduces the $S_{11}(1535)$ resonance. It is shown that the $\eta$--nucleus scattering lengths are quite sensitive to the $\eta N$ parameters and the nuclear wave functions. For a special choice of the parameters an $\eta {^4\!H}e$ quasi--bound state occurs.


Due to the great development and independent of the cultivation of microorganisms (genetic) methods of research, the vaginal microbiome, as well as the major commensals of the urinary-genital system of the person, are now more studied. According to recent data, there are different types of local, including vaginal microbiome. Typical of the normal microbiome of European and Asian women is the so-called (Lactobacillus-), which is the dominant vaginal microbiota. However, it is known that healthy women of African American and Spanish origin in the vaginal microbiome are dominated by representatives of the genera Atopobium, Corynebacterium, Anaerococcus, Peptoniphilus, Prevotella, Gardnerella, Sneathia, Eggerthella, Mobiluncus, Finegoldia, as they may be or hetero-enzymatic fermentation with acid formation [1]. Previous studies have suggested that microbiomes with a non-dominant lactobacillary component have the ability to create and maintain healthy ecosystem functioning without the pathogenic influence of individual representatives through the formation of new functional associations of microorganisms. Considering that infectious diseases of the genitourinary system are characterized by strong individual variability and arising from the violation of the ratio between commensal and pathogenic microorganisms, the aim of our work was to develop new infectious-inflammatory experimental models.


We prove a Weyl-type subconvex bound for cube-free level Hecke characters over totally real number fields. Our proof relies on an explicit inversion to Motohashi's formula. Schwartz functions of various kinds and the invariance of the relevant Motohashi's distributions discovered in a previous paper play central roles.


Micro-sensor Forward Scattering Radar (FSR) is a network system used to detect and classify any ground target (personnel, vehicle) that is crossing by or entering its coverage area. The efficiency of the classification performance is highly dependent on the information extracted from the measured signal. The choice of transformation techniques that can reveal the information of the target should be chosen carefully. Hence, this reported work analyzed the implementation of Haar and Meyer Wavelet Technique (WT) that gives more detailed scales and variation information from the measured signals. The results from the wavelet technique show that we could find the similarity between signals of each target and dissimilarity between different targets.


The primary function of written judgments is to legitimize the decision of the court. In the Netherlands, the judiciary perceives a gap between itself and the general public. Laypeople seem to understand little of the work of the courts. An important question is: For whom do judges write their judgments? This study presumes that the various intended audiences (parties, professional lawyers, other judges, the general public) can be deduced from the characteristics of justification texts: text complexity, juridical intensity, and moral considerations. The purpose of this study is to explain differences in text characteristics by differences in legal area and various case characteristics. We used the text characteristics of 958 cases filed at Utrecht District Court in 2009–2010. The results show that conflict and management characteristics are far more important predictors of text characteristics than "legal area" (trade, administrative, criminal, small claims, family). Also, conflict characteristics are more important to explain text differences than case management aspects and legal area. So much, that there seems to be an homogeneous justification text culture over the borders of legal areas. Also, justification texts seem to be written for professional lawyers primarily.


This study aims to determine the improvement of students' mathematical critical thinking abilities through problem solving methods. This study was hold at MAN 3 Bireuen (High School Level) in the 2019/2020 school's year. The research method was a quasi-experimental study design nonrandomized Pre-test Post-test Control Group Design. The population of the study were all students of Class XI MAN 3 Bireuen with purposive sampling technique. The study sample was to 30 students for the experimental class and 28 students for the control class. The skill increasing was calculated using normalized gain. Data were analyzed using the t test. The results showed that students' critical thinking skills mathematically taught through problem solving methods is better than students mathematical critical thinking skills taught through conventional learning.


The paper attempts a profound analysis on marco, medium and micro dimensions of basic estimation of impacts on China′s economy from gaining membership criteria of choice making accordingly.Meanwhile,attention should be paid to certain potential problems about cultural conflicts between China and Western lands.


There are many factors restricting the development period of product in manufacturing company. Some enterprises integrated CAD/CAPP/CAM and ERP in the information plat- form which based on PDM. Thus accelerated the speed of the products' stepping into the market to some degree. But they can do nothing in the key factor of manufacture restricting development period of the products. This paper introduced software eMPower of CAPE. And put forward the thought of structuring the intact information platform of enterprises.


Objective To master the influential factors of compassion fatigue of nurses in infectious disease hospital and the ways of nurses coping with high compassion fatigue, and to avoid job burnout because of high compassion fatigue. Methods Based on the Edmund Husseri ' s phenomenologieal method, we used personal interviews to investigate 7 nurses in a grade-Ⅲ level-A infectious disease hospital. The data were analyzed by phenomenologieal analytical method. Results The suitable compassion fatigue of nurses could help them finish their work, while high compassion fatigue would lead to job burnout. Conclusions In order to avoid job burnout because of high compassion fatigue, nurse manager should take effective measures to guide nurses coping with it.

Key words:
Nurse;  Infectious disease hospital;  Compassion fatigue;  Job burnout ;  Qualitativeresearch


This study primarily aims at divulging social network and structure of Chungcheong regional innovation projects. In specific, it focuses on IT and BT sectors, both of which have been designated as the regional strategic industries by the central government. IT sector presents relatively weaker network in the Chungcheong areas, which is quite different from the BT's trend. The number of IT industry brokers is extremely few, implying insufficient spillover effect towards the industry as a whole. Judging from the values derived from social network analyses, Chungcheong IT sector is overly dependent on the Capital Areas and its degree of openness among three local governments in the Chungcheong Areas is relatively low. In contrast, BT sector creates a series of industry brokers, shaping up the dispersal network type. Chungcheong BT sector is also interconnected with several other areas, including the Capital Areas and overseas. Nonetheless, its degree of internal openness is quite similar to that of IT sector. Lastly, this study points out the fact that an appropriate policy design is essential in strengthening intra- and inter-regional network.


Abstract : The United States Army presently receives weather forecasts expressed in categorical terms. However, this forecast form limits the useful information that can be communicated to the decision maker. This study investigates the utility of replacing categorical forecasts with probability forecasts in order to enhance decision making by Army commanders. To this end, the advantages and limitations of probability forecasts are reviewed. The principal conclusion of this study is that Army commanders would benefit from receiving probability weather forecasts. Finally, several recommendations for smoothing the conversion are given and a briefing that a Staff Weather Officer can use as a basis for showing an Army commander the utility of probability forecasts is provided. (Author)


For some applications the use of metal backed substrates is advantageous. The solid backside-metallization provides a good heatsink and gives the possibility to produce MMIC-cavities by milling. However, the circuit design is bounded to one layer, and therefore the choice of suitable waveguide transitions is limited. Especially if right-angle transitions are needed, no structures are known to the authors that can be produced easily by single-layer etching and milling processes. In this contribution two microstrip line (MSL) to rectangular waveguide transitions are presented that can be used with metal backed substrates. One of the transitions can be fabricated even without via holes. Designs are presented for the E-band and the Ka-band, but the principles can be scaled to other frequency ranges.


ABSTRACT Financial inclusion is said to foster development and growth. However, progress in financial inclusion has been slow in rural areas where poverty is most pronounced. This is often attributed to higher transaction costs, higher risks and a more unfavourable contracting environment which makes it more difficult for financial institutions to achieve and maintain sustainability in rural compared to urban areas. Based on data covering 772 microfinance institutions (MFIs) over the period 2008–2013, we test whether rural financial inclusion, notably lending to rural borrowers, is hampered by stronger sustainability challenges than inclusion in urban markets. Our results suggest that a higher share of rural borrowers has no direct effect on MFI sustainability. However, we find that MFIs with a higher share of rural borrowers are less able to exploit economies of scale and productivity effects. Thus, our results provide support for the view that sustainability challenges make it more difficult to achieve progress in financial inclusion in rural than in urban areas.


A controlled potential coulometric method based on an Fe 2+ /Fe 3+ couple has been developed which, when coupled with the total Ti content determined by a separate analysis, is useful for calculating the average Ti oxidation state in a sodified NaCl sample


Young people develop as "the sum of past experiences," and data on their time use are one means of quantifying those experiences. U.S. children and adolescents spend dramatically less time than in the agrarian past in household and income-generating labor. Because such labor is usually repetitive and unchallenging, this reduction has probably not deprived youths of crucial developmental experience. The schoolwork replacing this time has a clearer relationship to developmental outcomes. American teens, however, spend less time on schoolwork than teens in other industrialized countries. American teenagers have more discretionary time, much spent watching television or interacting with friends; spending large amounts of time in these activities is related to negative developmental outcomes. Increasing amounts of young people's discretionary time, however, appear to be spent in structured voluntary activities, like arts, sports, and organizations, which may foster initiative, identity, and other positive developmental outcomes.


A research purpose was an estimation of NO products by phagocyting leucocytes in blood, prostate secretion and ejaculate of patients of CAP/CPPS IIIA. 36 patients with the set diagnosis of CAP/CPPS IIIA (1 group) were tested and examined. Group of comparison made up 32 patients with CPPS IIIB (2 group). A control group is 17 healthy men. In group 2 the decline of nitrogen oxide of inducible NO synthase (INOS) production on 26,86% (p p p p


effectiveness of the implementation of an investment project is a key issue when making management decisions both at the stage of setting up a startup and for


The different plateau behaviors, presented in cyclically deformed copper single crystals oriented for single, double and multiple slip, were systematically discussed and summarized. It was shown that the crystallographic orientation has strong effects on the cyclic deformation behaviors of doubleand multiple-slip-oriented crystals. The existence or non-existence of a plateau in cyclic stress-strain (CSS) curves as well as the corresponding plateau stress amplitude depend not only on the modes and intensities of dislocation interactions between slip systems activated in the crystal, but also on the rather different slip deformation characteristics induced by the different geometrical relationships between crystal orientations and corresponding slip systems in the differently oriented crystals. In general, the plateau region in CSS curve would disappear when the multiple slip plays a determining role during cyclic deformation.


With the development of software engineering technology, the analysis and modeling of requirement become the essential task of software developing instead of coding. This paper presents a new approach for requirements modeling, which utilizes a multidimensional ontology system to abstract requirement in various facets. With this approach, software model get a better reusability and flexibility and validate with an experimental case study.


The big belly seahorse (Hippocampus abdominalis), a well-known ingredient of traditional medicine, possesses anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, anti-fatigue, and anti-thrombotic properties, and also increases male fertility. This study demonstrates that the ethanolic extract of dried H. abdominalis (EEHA) has anti-melanogenic effects in B16F10 melanoma cells and zebrafish larvae. EEHA significantly reduced the α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH)-induced melanogenesis in B16F10 melanoma cells without causing cytotoxicity. At a concentration of 200 µg/mL, EEHA had significant anti-melanogenic activity in zebrafish larvae, accompanied by a severe reduction in the heart rate (118 ± 17 heartbeats/min) compared to that of the untreated group (185 ± 8 heartbeats/min), indicating that EEHA induces cardiotoxicity at high concentrations. Below 100 µg/mL, EEHA significantly reduced melanogenesis in zebrafish larvae in the presence or absence of α-MSH, while the heart rate remained unaltered. Additionally, EEHA downregulated the release of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and the phosphorylation of cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) in B16F10 melanoma cells, which inhibited microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), leading to the inhibition of tyrosinase activity. EEHA also increased the phosphorylation of extracellular-signal regulated kinase (ERK). The ERK inhibitor PD98059 interfered with the anti-melanogenic activity of EEHA in B16F10 melanoma cells and zebrafish larvae, indicating that the ERK signaling pathway might regulate the anti-melanogenic properties of EEHA. Altogether, we conclude that EEHA represses the cAMP–CREB–MITF axis, which consequently inhibits tyrosinase-mediated melanogenesis. We propose that at low concentrations, EEHA can serve as a promising anti-melanogenic agent that could be used to prepare whitening cosmetics and for treating melanogenic disorders.


The paper proposes reflections about the presence of popular and traditional cultures in the scene of contemporary Brazil's culture, from the resurgence of a movement interested in expressions of music, dances and parties especially between the 20th and 21st centuries.


This paper provides the Shunt-Based Active Power Factor Correction for Direct Torque Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor drive. The intention of the power factor correction is to increase the Power Factor of the circuit concerning to improve the efficacy of controlling the speed of the motor. The preferred circuit has of two parallel rectifiers which provides improve in Power Factor, and reduces the Harmonics in the normal Rectifier Circuit. The simulation of the Shunt based active Power Factor Correction of Direct Torque Controlled PMSM has simulated using MATLAB/SIMLINK.


One of the most difficult tasks in the characterization of reservoir heterogeneities is the representation of naturally fractured reservoirs. Geocellular models for reservoir simulation often require geological interpretation of the distribution of natural fractures both areally and vertically. The FMI data from horizontal wells provide valuable information about the distribution and orientation of natural fractures. Stochastic approaches can be useful in simulating fracture density derived from the FMI logs that would honor the known data. This paper presents stochastic simulation methods for developing the distribution of fracture density in one of the highly fractured reservoirs in Saudi Arabia. Sequential indicator simulation (SIS) method was used with two different variogram models, namely, the fractal and the spherical correlation models. The resulting fracture density field was useful in generating a 3D fracture permeability field for reservoir simulation by using it as a secondary data set in a permeability co-conditional simulation task reported elsewhere.


The values REPENTANCE and FORGIVENESS and their actualization in the English religious discourse are analyzed in this article. In the English language thinking they are represented by language signs, including metaphorical statements, which manifest their various associations.


The effectiveness of flipped learning can be realized if the dominant aspects that become positive and negative inequalities are known from the beginning. Positive inequality is used to indicate aspects that support the successful flipped learning implementation. Negative inequality is used to indicate aspects that need attention for improvement in a better direction. The reality is very difficult to determine the aspects that are included in the positive and negative inequalities. Therefore, an innovation of the IT education evaluation model is needed to be able to solve those problems. The DIVAYANA model that is modified with the Discrepancy model and integrated with the Daiwi Sampad and Asuri Sampad concepts can be used as an innovation in the field of IT education evaluation. The main objective of this research was to show the design quality of the new evaluation model integrated with Balinese local wisdom. It is called the DIVAYANA model based on the Discrepancy Daiwi Asuri Sampad which can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of flipped learning implementation at IT vocational schools. This research was carried out by following the stages of the Borg and Gall development model. This research only focused on five stages from a total of ten development stages. Those stages included: 1) research and field data collection, 2) planning, 3) design development, 4) initial trials, and 5) revision of initial trials. The subjects involved in collecting field data were six people. The subjects involved in planning and designing of evaluation model were three people. The subjects involved in the initial trials were 44 people. Subjects involved in the revision of initial trial results were three people. Questionnaires were used to collect field data and conduct preliminary trials. The results of data collection from the initial trial results were analyzed using quantitative descriptive analysis techniques by percentage descriptive calculations. The results showed that the quality level of the DIVAYANA model design based on the Discrepancy Daiwi Asuri Sampadwas 88.25%. So that the design was included in the good category and can be used to determine the dominant aspects that become the positive and negative inequalities in flipped learning implementation. The contribution of this research to the field of education is to show the existence of a new evaluation model in the IT education field which can be used to determine the dominant aspects that become positive and negative inequalities in supporting the successful flipped learning implementation at IT vocational schools. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-01-013 Full Text: PDF


A number of fundamental shifts are occurring in the world of lead exposure litigation. On the regulatory side, the Centers for Disease Control are eliminating the use of the term "blood level of concern" and replacing it with the term "reference value" due to increasing evidence that there is no blood lead level without deleterious effects. Rather, the evidence consistently correlates even low blood lead levels with IQ deficits, attention-related behaviors, and poor academic achievement. To identify children with elevated blood lead levels, the CDC has adopted a "reference value" based on the 97.5th percentile of the blood lead level distribution among children one to five years of age, which is currently 5 ug/dL. This reduction from the previous standard of 10 ug/dL will likely encourage the plaintiff's bar to pursue lead exposure cases at lower levels of exposure. Fortunately, in recent years the defense bar has been successful in educating the judiciary on lead issues. There is a growing recognition among courts that other factors (e.g., socioeconomic factors, family history, and heredity) play a role in a child's neuropsychological development and that evidence of these factors is relevant and admissible. As a result, courts are beginning to allow discovery of health, IQ, and education information from non-party family members – material that can prove critical to the successful defense of a lead exposure claim.


Study of rice during storage quality change,the results showed that the rehydration rate,expansion rate and sensory quanlity of instant rice decreased with time during storage,the rehydration time prolonging;the crystal structure changes slightly,and little changes was found in the crystallinity.The starting glass transition temperature rise and a narrower range of glass transition temperature was found during the strorage.


Fly ash and mineral powder are used for composite preparation of high strength lightweight aggregate concrete in this paper, and NEL diffusion-coefficient and SEM are applied to study the concrete performance. The results show that the high strength lightweight aggregate concrete prepared with fly ash mixed with mineral powder has very good workability and higher strength. Excellent composite effect is shown when fly ash and mineral powder are combined together, the pozzolanic reaction more fully and the interface transition region between the lightweight aggregate and the cement paste solidifies further, which makes the structure of the lightweight aggregate concrete more compact. Hence, the strength and anti-permeability performance of the lightweight aggregate concrete are both improved. In addition, the new type concrete presents outstanding chlorine ion anti-permeability performance and its 28d permeability coefficients of chlorine ion are less than 121×10− 14m2/s. In conclusion, the combined admixture of fly ash and mineral powder not only shows the excellent comprehensive effects but also saves energy, protects environment and reduces costs.


The official poverty data fall short of properly informing public policy and governance concerning the progress, or lack thereof, in achieving the countryOs commitment of halving, between 1990 and 2015,the incidence of poverty and hunger. Imposing consistency in poverty estimation shows that the poverty trend is actually even more alarming than what the official data depict. OBusiness as usual Okeeps the country from achieving the MDG 1 targets. Meeting the huge policy challenge of poverty reduction requires nothing less than rapid but sustained and inclusive growth.


In this paper, we propose a dynamic resource optimization scheme for a heterogeneous wireless network combining with a radio frequency (RF) access point (AP) and multiple visible light communication (VLC) APs. For adapting to the stochastic media content arrival rates and dynamic wireless channel conditions, a two-timescale stochastic network resource optimization problem is formulated by employing the Lyapunov optimization technique. To this end, we propose an online two-timescale adaptive network resource optimization (ANRO) framework. At the ANRO, the network selections for user equipments (UE) are operated at a large timescale, while the resource allocations for both RF and VLC APs are operated at a small timescale. Simulation results exhibit that the ANRO not only stabilizes the network but also significantly reduces the energy consumption than other existing schemes.


The smart home framework is a generally utilized reference term and a stage for home robotization control, and checking. Home computerization with the assistance of IoT isn't that much develop that far is in the advancement stage and there is such a lot of room for development however from the client perspective purchasing this sort of framework could simplify our life and it can decrease our time and cost. It can do numerous things that man deals with issues in doing. This is fundamentally a framework that will interface with our device(phone or web) and there will be the principle gadget inside the home that gadget will be associated with the wifi or Bluetooth and other home machines that we need to control distantly.


This study will discuss the use of dysphemism contained in the AREAJULID Twitter account in the October 2019 edition. This study aims to describe the form, synonyms, and background of the use of dysphemism contained in the upload of AREAJULID Twitter account in the October 2019 edition. This research is a descriptive qualitative study. This research data is in the form of sentences containing dysfemism. Data were collected by referring to the note method and note technique. The data source used is the upload of the AREAJULID Twitter account in the October 2019 edition. The method of providing data is by referring to the note taking technique. Data were analyzed by the method of distribution and techniques for direct elements, sleep techniques, dressing techniques. The results of the study are: 1) the form of usage and synonymism of dysphemism in uploading the October edition of AREAJULID Twitter account 2019; 2) the background of the use of dysphemism in the upload edition of the AREAJULID Twitter account in the October 2019 edition. The form of using dysfemism in uploading the AREAJULID Twitter account in the October 2019 edition was found in two forms, namely in the form of words consisting of basic words and affixed words, and in the form of phrases. The background to using dysphemism includes: 1) declaring taboo, indecent, and pornographic things; 2) negative depictions about someone or something; 3) express irritation or anger; 4) criticize or blaspheme; 5) demean someone or something; 6) insult or reproach; 7) swearing or cursing at something.


The precious red coral (Corallium rubrum L.) represents one of the most fascinating marine species of the Mediterranean Sea. Several samples, including red coral together with its accompanying species, were found in the zoological collection of the Italian pioneer biologist Lazzaro Spallanzani (1729–1799), collected in the Messina Strait during his voyage in Sicily (1788). The study of these samples allowed the inclusion of numerous additional species in the traditional red coral facies as the large oyster Neopycnodonte cochlear, the giant barnacle Pachylasma giganteum, the mesophotic scleractinian Caryophyllia (Caryophyllia) cyathus. These specimens proved to be very useful in describing the diversity of the paleo-community including red coral, shedding light on its formation processes. In particular, some specimens are composed of red coral rubble consolidated and cemented with other carbonatic remains Probably, these peculiar specimens have a similar origin to those of the Sciacca Banks already known from the Sicily Channel. In fact, the two areas are prone to intense seismic activity that periodically causes mass mortalities of red coral from nearby rocky reliefs and the formation of biogenic detritus, while the resulting chemical environment of the water and the sediments allows the consolidation of the carbonatic remains.


Esophageal cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide and half of all new cases occurred in China. Population-based endoscopic screening has been carried out in some high-risk areas in China since 2005, but previous evidence was based predominately on small-sample, single-center studies. We undertook a population-based, multi-center cohort study to estimate the effectiveness of endoscopic screening program in reducing the incidence and mortality of esophageal in high risks areas in China.

 This study was conducted in six areas in China from 2005 to 2015. All permanent residents aged 40–69 yeas were identified as target subjects. We defined those who were invited and undertook endoscopic screening as the screened group, and those who refused screening as the non-screened group. The target subjects who were not invited to screening was assigned to the control group. The effectiveness of endoscopic screening and screening program were evaluated by comparing the reductions in the incidence and mortality from esophageal cancer in those screened or those invited to screening with reductions in the control group, respectively.

 Our cohort analysis included 637 500 people: 299 483 in the control group and 338 017 in the invited to screening group, 113 340 (33.53%) of whom were screened eventually. Compared with subjects in the control group, esophageal cancer incidence and mortality were reduced by 26% (relative risk(RR) 0.74, 95% confidence interval(CI), 0.69–0.79) and 60% (0.40, 0.36–0.45) respectively in those screened, and they were reduced by 15% (0.85, 0.82–0.89) and 33% (0.67, 0.63–0.71) respectively in those invited to screening.

 Among individuals aged 40–69 years in high risk areas of esophageal cancer, one-time endoscopic screening program was associated with a significant decrease in esophageal cancer incidence and mortality.


Imp ro ving the scientific research accom plishment of the teachers in vocational educ ation is an essential demand of quality-oriented education.It is an inexorable trend in developing vocational educa-tion.It is also an effective way to im p rove the teaching theory level of teachers.The teachers of voca-tional educati on should study hard and perseveringly,take an active in practising and researc hing,take in other's strong points and give full play to the advantage of their own.They should constantly improve their scientific research theory,abilities and moral accomplishment.


A multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) and cobalt(II) tetrakisphenylporphyrin (Co(II)TPP) modified glassy carbon electrode (MWNTs/Co(II)TPP/GCE) has been prepared. It can be used for individual or simultaneous determination of hydroquinone (HQ) and catechol (CC). The anodic peaks of HQ and CC can be separated well. Owing to the unique properties of MWNTs and special synergistic effect of MWNTs and Co(II)TPP, the modified electrode exhibited a remarkable and stable current response for CC and HQ. The linear ranges for CC and HQ were 1.0–450.0 µmol L−1 and 0.8–400.0 µmol L−1 with detection limits of 0.8 µmol L−1 and 0.5 µmol L−1, respectively. Furthermore, Co(II)TPP, MWNTs, and Co(II)TPP/MWNTs composite were also used to construct modified electrodes and the electrochemical performances were studied.


The ability to innovate and develop new products and services is a touchstone to gauge a nation's entrepreneurial spirit. Entrepreneurship means creating exchange value for a nation, often through technology development. Hence, developing technology—as measured by the number of patent application submissions—should be a top priority in Brazil. Although technology and science are discrete subjects, they are so intricately entwined that they are aptly under the jurisdiction of the Brazilian Ministry of Science and Technology. The achievements attained by this Ministry over the years has paid handsome dividends. (Incidentally, it was established in 1985 to fulfill a commitment by then President Tancredo Neves towards the Brazilian scientific community). Our scientific output has grown dramatically. In dentistry, for example, Brazil ranks 4 in worldwide scientific production. Today it is often more convenient for a foreign dentist to pursue their studies in Brazil than the other way around, given the number of outstanding graduate programs available throughout the country. However, there seems to be a split between the production of science and the production of technology in Brazil. Our number of patent applications is still negligible when compared with developed countries. Our history is partly to blame for this discrepancy. Our agricultural vocation was foreshadowed by Portuguese explorer Pero Vaz de Caminha's letter, in his first description of the New World, where he stated that "... the land is so fertile that anything can be grown on it...". As a result, when Brazilian companies were confronted with the challenges of globalization and free markets, they were unable to prove their mettle and innovative spirit in the face of highly competitive products and production processes. Their immediate alternative was to further the incorporation of foreign technology, thereby increasing the share of non-national components in Brazilian manufactured products and rendering patents virtually unnecessary. The Brazilian academic community had to grapple with this dearth of technological entrepreneurship by lopsidedly prioritizing scientific production. The nature of the energy expended in scientific production was cleverly explained by Thomas Kuhn, who believed that the results achieved by normal science are significant since they help to enhance the accuracy and scope that can be applied by current knowledge—or paradigm. Most often, however, science is not engaged in shifting paradigms or giving rise to innovations, changes in behavior or thinking. Scientific attention is not focused on technological innovation. We can address this issue in more pragmatic fashion by visiting the website of the Brazilian National Institute of Intellectual Property (www.inpi.gov.br). When you query the patent records using the word 'orthodontics' in the search field, only 16 files pop up. The first dates back to 1977 and the last one to 2005. This is the same number of files found with the same parameters in the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office (appft1.uspto.gov/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html) within the 35 days that preceded the writing of this editorial. Using the same keyword, thirty-five days in the U.S. are equivalent to 28 years in Brazil. And let us not forget that nowadays orthodontics is a scientific area in which Brazil plays a leading role. This scenario calls for improvement. We are hard-pressed to foster the development of national technology through educational and industrial policies. It is a fact that many Brazilian universities encourage and support the filing of patents, and additional measures are currently under way. Nevertheless, greater emphasis should be placed on this issue. One viable option would be to trade program completion projects— monographs, theses and dissertations—for patents. Such projects are invaluable assets in the CVs of researchers, and graduate course coordinators are expected to act accordingly. Go ahead and innovate!


The methods employed to perform rotordynamics calculations of industrial machines are rather standard and usually allow forecasting the dynamic behavior of the considered machines. Anyhow, in some cases, in order to obtain high level of accuracy, the model has to be updated to fit experimental results, and standard modeling methods have to be improved. In this paper, the updating of the torsional model of a steam turbogenerator is presented. In order to fit the eigenfrequencies calculated using the standard model and the natural frequencies measured on-field, a modeling improvement is proposed, considering partially the dynamics of the components usually modeled as rigid disks. The proposed method has also the aim to preserve the physical meaning of the model. Finally, the new model is updated, and a very good fitting is obtained between eigenfrequencies and experimental natural frequencies.


From the viewpoint of technology transfer and education of ship design, it is essential to incorporate design process with knowledge. ShareFast is a methodology for associating knowledge with process and representing them as multimedia information based on semantic web technology. In this methodology, workflows of ship design process are implemented by a software system. It is concluded that the system worked very well to articulate the workflow and design knowledge, and the design process was executed efficiently even by inexperienced engineers.