The authors obtain the general class of ordinary differential equations that can be reduced by a point transformation to the free-particle equation and given the general form of the Lie symmetry generators for these equations. They apply these results to obtain the symmetry generators for the n-dimensional harmonic oscillator and for a particle in a constant magnetic field.


The Law Commission published its final report on family property in May 1973. The most important recommendation is the introduction of a presumption that the matrimonial home be owned jointly and equally by husband and wife in the absence of contrary agreement. The preliminary Working Paper examined the possibility of introducing some basic principle into family property law. At present there is none, despite legislation to deal with rights on intestacy and after a divorce, and property rights are settled on the basis of the ordinary rules of property law. Three principles were discussed—coownership of the matrimonial home, legal rights of inheritance and community of property. The choice of the first reflects the importance of the matrimonial home as the principal or only family asset in most cases and the increasing tendency of married couples to own it jointly (74 per cent In 1971). The inequality of the non-owner spouse during marriage or on the death of the other is in sharp contrast with the non-owner spouse whose marriage is dissolved. In the first case, his or her property rights are determined strictly on property law, i.e., how much he has contributed to the home financially. In tho second case, the Matrimonial Proceedings and Property Act 1970 enables the court, on granting a divorce, to give the non-owner spouse an interest commensurate with his or her contribution to the general family life, whether in money, money's worth or in kind. The introduction of co-ownership of the matrimonial home largely removes the need for the introduction of fixed inheritance rights. Again, the Law Commission recommends at least equalising the rights of a surviving spouse with those of a divorced spouse. Intestate succession is the only field in which family property law has been specifically developed and this would not need modification as it gives the surviving spouse a substantial interest in the deceased spouse's estate. Where a deceased spouse leaves the family property by will away from the other spouse, however, the choice lies between giving the survivor a flexible share in the capital assets of the family or laying down a fixed interest in the estate. The Law Commission concludes that the better solution is to enact principles to apply to surviving spouses similar to those in the Matrimonial Proceedings and Property Act 1970 for divorced spouses, so that the legal rights of a spouse may be determined in the light of the individual circumstances. The Law Commission rejected the idea of a "deferred community of assets," i.e., that each spouse could acquire and' dispose of property during the marriage but that, at the end of the marriage by death or divorce, the net gains would be valued and any imbalance equalised by a monetary payment. By and large, the benefit of a deferred community would be achieved and with greater flexibility by the discretionary application by the courts of the new principles of matrimonial property on divorce as extended to family provision proceedings. A Working Party is preparing a paper on the practical implementation of the co-ownership presumption (conveyancing problems and rights to the household goods). The Matrimonial Proceedings and Property Act 1970 has been consolidated into the Matrimonial Causes Act 1973, but this Act has not been brought into force at the time of writing.


The United States, in 1946, proposed
that an international authority be
formed to control the dangerous
parts of atomic energy. The proposal
met with very little success, except to
lead to the conclusion that there was
no apparent reason why it was not
technically feasible. Discussions on
nuclear weapons testing, initiated in
1958, reached some agreement on test
restrictions in Subsequent years.


Catechol and 2‐methylhydroquinone (2‐MHQ) cause the induction of the thiol‐specific stress response and four dioxygenases/glyoxalases in Bacillus subtilis. Using transcription factor arrays, the MarR‐type regulator YkvE was identified as a repressor of the dioxygenase/glyoxalase‐encoding mhqE gene. Transcriptional and proteome analyses of the ΔykvE mutant revealed the upregulation of ykcA (mhqA), ydfNOP (mhqNOP), yodED (mhqED) and yvaB (azoR2) encoding multiple dioxygenases/glyoxalases, oxidoreductases and an azoreductase. Primer extension experiments identified σA‐type promoter sequences upstream of mhqA, mhqNOP, mhqED and azoR2 from which transcription is elevated after thiol stress. DNase I footprinting analysis showed that YkvE protects a primary imperfect inverted repeat with the consensus sequence of tATCTcgaAtTCgAGATaaaa in the azoR2, mhqE and mhqN promoter regions. Analysis of mhqE‐promoter–bgaB fusions confirmed the significance of YkvE binding to this operator in vivo. Adjacent secondary repeats were protected by YkvE in the azoR2 and mhqN promoter regions consistent with multiple DNA–protein binding complexes. DNA‐binding activity of YkvE was not directly affected by thiol‐reactive compounds in vitro. Mutational analyses showed that MhqA, MhqO and AzoR2 confer resistance to 2‐MHQ. Moreover, the ΔykvE mutant displayed a 2‐MHQ and catechol resistant phenotype. YkvE was renamed as MhqR controlling a 2‐MHQ and catechol‐resistance regulon of B. subtilis.


The emergence of Google Earth (GE) as an integrative platform for the visualization of geolocated information is presenting the geospatial community with unique application opportunities and corresponding scientific challenges. In this paper we discuss the extension of GE to function as a four-dimensional (x,y,z,t) virtual spatiotemporal environment through the overlay in it of georectified video feeds, and feeds from geosensor networks deployed in an area of interest. We have created a Virtual model of our University Campus, exported it to GE, and use it to visualize diverse feeds from sensors distributed in our campus. In the paper we present the architecture of a prototype system that uses GE to visualize such sensor feeds. The system allows us to visualize locations and temporal stamps for our datasets, thus enabling a user to select feeds of a specific type for a specific location and time (e.g. video of a building corner at 2:15 an text feeds from a neighboring spot at 2:20). Selected datasets can then be overlaid in GE for visual inspection. In particular we emphasize in particular on issues related to video feeds. We present our approaches to register feeds captured by surveillance cameras located on top of buildings, and video feeds captured by mobile phone cameras. We also discuss the visualization in GE of information extracted from such video feeds (e.g. trajectories of individuals tracked in video). This hierarchical navigation through information presents unique opportunities for visual exploration of geospatial datasets. In our paper and presentation we present theoretical problems and demo our prototype.


In this study, thermal performance analysis of hexagonal finned heat sinks which optimized according to the experimental design and optimization method of Taguchi were investigated. Experiments of air jet impingement on heated hexagonal finned heat sinks were carried out adhering to the L18(21*36) orthogonal array test plan. Optimum geometries were determined and named OH-1, OH-2. Enhancement efficiency with the first law of thermodynamics was analyzed for optimized heat sinks with 100, 150, 200 mm heights of hexagonal fin. Nusselt correlations were found out and variations of enhancement efficiency with Reynolds number presented in η–Re graphics.


In this study, the impact of education expenditures to bring the income inequality which is one of the main problems of the whole world to a more equitable way has been analyzed. Turkey is considered as a model country in this study. Accordingly, the higher education level is, the more obtained income is and the individuals or households who take part in poor community can rise up a higher bracket in direct proportion to education level. In empirical analysis during this study, it has been explored that the costs carried out in higher education has a destructive effect on income distribution. The main reason of this result is that the segment benefited from higher education institutions is in the high-income category who can allocate more budget to these institutions.


The invention relates to a spiral flow up jet premix and preheat burner with a circuit and a porous regenerator, which can effectively solve the problems of complex ceramic burner structure, uneven burning airflow distribution, poor controllability and stable high hot air temperature realization. The burner comprises a cylindrical wall, an arch roof of hemispheric or inverse catenary spinning structure and a burning chamber, wherein the cylindrical wall and the arch roof form a spherical head cylindrical lower opening; the airflow can spin and burn in the burning chamber structure; an airflow premixing circuit is annularly arranged on the inner wall of the cylindrical wall, is provided with an opening on the upper part and has rectangular section; a gas inlet tube and an air inlet tube which are symmetrically arranged are connected with the airflow premixing circuit through rotary cutting; and the porous regenerator is filled in the burning chamber structure. The burner is simple in structure, unique and good in using effect and can effectively reduce the excess air coefficient, improve the burning temperature and burning intensity and further greatly simplify the burner structure and lighten the burner weight by realizing rapid premixing, preheating and burning in limited space by utilizing the porous material characteristics.


Carbon dioxide (CO2) has a restricted use as a feedstock in the chemical industry. Its emission and accumulation in the atmosphere in great quantities have been largely associated to the greenhouse effect. Thus, the conversion of CO2 into value-added chemical products will bring on not only economical benefits but also far greater importance for the environmental stewardship. The hydrogenation of CO2 into methanol (CH3OH) is a promising route to fix CO2 in the chemical industry. The reaction can be carried out by Cu and Zn-based catalysts, which are highly selective to CH3OH formation. However, the reaction is severely affected by the thermodynamic equilibrium. Therefore, the effect of reaction temperature and pressure needs to be known in order to achieve high conversion rates of CO2 into CH3OH, thus allowing the development of feasible and highly efficient conversion processes.


The era of big data brings together a wealth of rich information resources, bringing unprecedented innovation power, opportunities and possibilities to all walks of life, and promoting the development and evolution of the era. In the current development process of college student associations, to implement scientific and effective talent management, big data technology must be introduced to assist the management of student associations. Make full use of big data technology as the most basic strategic resource and effective means to transform the management of student associations from static and result-based management to dynamic and process-oriented. This article starts from the concept of big data, combines the definition and characteristics of college student associations, uses survey research methods, literature research methods, and comparative analysis methods, and issues a questionnaire on "Student Association Management and Association Activity Survey". A special investigation, analysis and sorting of the activities carried out were carried out. Among them, the efficiency of resource sharing in student club management is relatively low, accounting for 52.35%. The application strategies of big data are studied from the aspects of student club management system, club evaluation mechanism, student activity needs, community resource sharing and intercommunication.


This study examined public secondary schools teachers' tasks and their classroom job performance in Edo central school district, Nigeria. With a total of 252 research participants and two adapted instruments—Teachers' Task Questionnaire (TETAQ) and Teachers' Class Performance Questionnaire (TECLAPEQ)—the study attempted to find out how teachers' tasks associated with or impacted their classroom job performance. Data generated were analyzed using Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression analysis (MLRA) at 0.05 level of significance. The study found among other things that teachers' instructional and administrative duties significantly predicted teachers' classroom performance in the district.


Stephen A. Ross was one of the most influential scholars in the field of financial economics in the late twentieth century. Ross's work was central to several novel domains of economic inquiry. His...


The uncertainty component of testing K in laterite Ni deposit with atomic absobption spectrophotometry is assessed.The key link affecting the testing result is found out and expelled in order to increase the accuracy and precision of testing result.The uncertainty and expanding uncertainty of obtained compound standard are separately 0.001% and 0.002%.


INTRODUCTION
In recent years, the incidence of perinatal depression in female population is very high. Perinatal depression has adverse effects on the physical and mental health of mothers and children. However, according to current researches, Yoga has been considered as an effective exercise that can help pregnant women to regulate their emotions. Thus, this review reports the effectiveness of yoga on perinatal depression.

METHODS
We reviewed all of the relevant RCT (Randomized Control Trial, RCT) studies published until June 2021 from the major open-access databases.

RESULTS
12 RCTs were selected and included in this study, and the total number of people included in the analysis in the combined study was 594. The level of depression and anxiety of participants was evaluated using detailed and recognized scale. Compared with the control group, the yoga intervention group indicates a statistically significant decrease in depression levels (SMD (Standardised Mean Difference, SMD), -2.31; 95% CI, -3.67 to -0.96; P=0.139) and anxiety (SMD, -4.75; 95% CI, -8.3 to -1.19; P=0.002). In addition, we also conducted a subgroup analysis according to the type of population. The subgroup analysis successfully reduced the level of heterogeneity and the results indicated that the difference in population types in the combined analysis leads to the higher heterogeneity. The SMD value for healthy women is -2.3 (95% CI, -4.83 to 0.23) and for depressed women is -9.02 (95% CI, -11.42 to -6.62). Finally, the meta-analysis results of the self-control group prove that yoga can reduce the depression scores (SMD, 5.23; 95% CI, 1.90 to 8.56; P=0.049) compared with baseline.

CONCLUSIONS
Yoga can effectively relieve symptoms of depression and anxiety in the perinatal period, which can be used as an auxiliary treatment option clinically.


In this monograph I wish to concern myself with a number of speeches in the first ten chapters of the Book of Acts attributed to the apostle Peter. The content of these speeches is of great importance. In the form in which they have been handed down to us they purport to give us, from the lips of the apostle, the first — perhaps we may say 'theological'— reflections upon the magnalia Dei, the great works of God in the coming of Christ, His death and resurrection, and the pouring out of the Holy Spirit which proceeded from Him.


The herbicides propham and chlorpropham at concentrations between 10 and 1000 mg/1 have been shown to reduce the rate of mitosis of human lymphocytes cultured in vitro. Chlorpropham is more anti-mitotic than propham and the effect of both increased with time of exposure. It is suggested that these compounds be used with great care since the data given here suggest that they are active in human cells.


Throughout Labour's history, there has been a lack of consensus over who has a say in manifestos, explains Robin Pettitt. On the one hand are those who favour parliamentary independence when it comes to agreeing on policies, and on the other are those who favour the involvement of grassroots members, rendering the manifesto-making process an ongoing organisational struggle. Party manifestos ...


This paper presents the design of Sierpinski Gasket antenna. In this design we use FR4 glass epoxy substrate with relative permittivity of 4.4 and 1.6 mm thickness. In this paper we cut sierpienski gasket slots on a rectangular patch having 20–20mm length and width respectively. By this design we get higher bandwidth, gain, thin profile, light in weight, inexpensive, easy to fabricate and compact antenna. The proposed antenna can also be used for single, multiband and various engineering applications such as PCs, Bluetooth, WLAN, Wi-Fi etc, as well as communications system. The parameters that are analyzed in this paper are: bandwidth, return loss, voltage standing wave ratio and input impedance. This antenna is simulated at 0–3 GHz for transmission line feed by using IE3D software. The bandwidth of antenna is increased in each iteration.


Three new isoprenylated xanthones, morusignins I (1), J (2) and K (3) as well as a new isoprenylated flavone, morusignin L (4) were isolated from the root bark of Morus insignis Bur. (Moraceae), collected in Paraguay. The structures of morusignins I - L were shown to be 1 - 4 respectively, on the basis of spectroscopic data


In this article, I consider the role of institutions in Jacques Derrida's political engagement. In spite of Derrida's significant involvement with political causes throughout his life, his engagements have received little sustained attention, and this is particularly true of his work with institutions. I turn to two such cases, the Collège international de philosophie and the Parlement international des écrivains and argue that these represent an alternative mode of institutionalisation. These institutions seek to destabilise other institutions as well as themselves. Looking closely at the institutions that Derrida founded, we see three common characteristics emerge. These institutions are anti-hegemonic, self-reflexive and international. I then connect these to Derrida's thought, offering a reading of the undecidable, which brings forth the importance of conventions in the decision. Finally, I demonstrate that the three shared characteristics of Derrida's institutions form part of an effort to open up space for the possibility of alterity. Through this, and beyond a distinction between theory/practice, we come to see Derrida's institutional engagements as an active form of critique, both of other institutions and themselves.


AbstractArtificial Chemistries (ACs) are symbolic chemical metaphors for the exploration ofArtificial Life, with specific focus on the origin of life. In this work we define a P systembased artificial graph chemistry to understand the principles leading to the evolution oflife-like structures in an AC set up and to develop a unified framework to characterize andclassify symbolic artificial chemistries by devising appropriate formalism to capture semanticand organizational information. An extension of P system is considered by associatingprobabilities with the rules providing the topological framework for the evolution of a labeledundirected graph based molecular reaction semantics. 1 Basic Framework of Artificial Chemistries Aim of this section is to present a brief introduction to artificial chemistries. We will start witha discussion on the epistemological foundations of the area and will illustrate further detailsusing examples relevant to this proposal. The examples are followed by discussions to motivatethe main theme of the proposal which is elaborated in coming sections.


The single injection into mice of a sublethal amount of endotoxin from Brucella melitensis confers partial resistance to subsequent lethal doses for at least 4 mo. Three weekly injections confer a greater protection, which persists for at least 10 mo. Three weekly injections of endotoxins from Salmonella typhosa, Escherichia coli, or Shigella sonnei result in homologous resistance for 2 mo. Resistance to heterologous endotoxins in mice immunized with either brucella, typhoid, coli, or shigella endotoxins was inconstant and persisted less than 1 mo. A striking exception was that heterologous protection against brucella endotoxin was consistently present for at least 4 mo. Serum precipitins for heterologous endotoxins were formed in only 4 of 60 mice tested; in contrast, intradermal reactions to heterologous endotoxins occurred in 16 of 46 animals. Resistance to infection with Brucella melitensis was maximal in mice immunized with brucella endotoxin, but partial resistance occurred in mice immunized with heterologous endotoxins. The mechanism of resistance to endotoxin was discussed but no complete explanation was advanced.


This research is related to the implementation of central government assistance to villages, in Indonesia, since 2014 it has changed the village government system with significant assistance in development and empowerment in villages. This article examines the extent of the impact of development regulations and empowerment after the regulation of assistance from the central government to be managed by village governments. The method used in this study is to conduct in-depth interviews with village governments who are involved in village development and empowerment. The results of this study indicate that the use of Village funds in Dukuh Picung Village in 2018 is more focused on the development and empowerment sectors. Various implementations in the Village Law regulations cannot be carried out by villages. The development that occurs does not represent the wishes of the wider community because of the lack of responsiveness of the Village apparatus, there are still development and empowerment works that do not pay attention to the aspects of the stipulated regulations. The inadequate use of Village funds in Dukuh Picung Village is caused by several factors, such as the low quality of human resources. Village officials in Dukuh Picung and low sources of funds for empowerment as well as lack of village transparency in making decisions that many neglect the Village Development Plan Deliberation.


Following the transfer into fertilized mouse eggs of recombinant genes composed of the upstream region of the rat insulin II gene linked to sequences coding for the large-T antigen of simian virus 40, large-T antigen is detected exclusively in the beta-cells of the endocrine pancreas of transgenic mice. The alpha- and delta-cells normally found in the islets of Langerhans are rare and disordered. Well-vascularized beta-cell tumours arise in mice harbouring and inheriting these hybrid oncogenes.


1. A portable device for espresso, comprising: a container of compressed gas; ! a pressure regulator communicating with a container of compressed gas and adapted for controlling the pressure of gas released from the compressed gas container; ! a valve communicating with the pressure regulator that controls the flow of compressed gas into the water vessel. ! water vessel communicating with the pressure regulator; ! a vessel for grinding products communicating with a vessel for water and for receiving water from the water vessel espresso when the container with the gas through a pressure regulator the pressure is released; and! discharge passage for discharging espresso prepared from water during cooking flowing through the milling products contained in the vessel for grinding products. ! 2. A portable espresso brewing device according to claim 1, characterized in that also comprises a piercing element for piercing the container with compressed gas in order to release compressed gas under the control of the pressure regulator. ! 3. A portable espresso brewing device according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a vent valve intended for piercing the container with compressed gas in order to release compressed gas under the control of the pressure regulator. ! 4. A portable espresso brewing device according to claim 3, characterized in that the compressed gas container is a container, previously filled with compressed gas and sealed, the discharge valve is a piercing member for piercing the container to release compressed gas. ! 5. Portable in


The rf system for the Fusion Materials Irradiation Test (FMIT) accelerator is currently in the design phase at the Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory (LASL). The 35-MeV, 100-mA deuteron beam will require approximately 6 MW of rf power at 80 MHz. The EIMAC 8973 power tetrode, capable of a 600-kW cw output, has been chosen as the final amplifier tube for each of 15 amplifier chains. The final power stage of each chain is designed to perform as a linear Class B amplifier. Each low-power rf system (less than or equal to 100W) is to be phase, amplitude, and frequency controlled to provide a drive signal for each high-power amplifier. Beam dynamics for particle acceleration and for minimal beam spill require each rf amplifier output to be phase controlled to +-1/sup 0/. The amplitude of the accelerating field must be held to +-1%. A varactor-tuned electronic phase shifter and a linear phase detector are under development for use in this system. To complement hardware development, analog computer simulations are being performed to optimize the closed-loop control characteristics of the system.


Badminton assessment is a process to evaluate the performance of players and it is very important for them to identify their strengths and weaknesses so as to improve their training effectiveness. Several conventional assessment methods, which are the lack of manpower, expertise and objective methods. Besides, standard parameters and assessment model using machine learning for badminton assessment are still at research level. The main objective of this research is to design and develop a novel and effective system for badminton assessment . In this thesis, a total of three assessment modules (Module 1: Badminton Serving Accuracy, Module 2: Badminton Shots Quality, Module 3: Player's Agility) were developed to extract the required measurable parameters of players through their serves, hits and agility. A 9 degree of freedom wireless sensor, an APDM Opal sensor and a badminton feedback sensor, XiaoYu 2.0 were used in this study to collect kinematic parameters such as acceleration , power and rotational speed. All the three modules were tested with 3 strong and 6 normal players and there were totally 46 collected features. A total of 39 out of 46 features have been proved being significantly different using t-test method. The three feature selection methods were named Relief, Principal Component Analysis and Correlation Feature Selection and were used for feature extraction. Then, the acquired datasets were tested by seven machine learning models , namely Random Tree (RT), Random Forest, Artificial Neural Network, K Star, Multiple Linear Regression, Gaussian Process and Support Vector Machine. Total of 21 assessment models had been constructed. The results show that the RT model produces prediction accuracy of 90.84% and correlation value of r=0.86.


A Treatment Escalation Plan (TEP) is a communication tool designed to improve quality of care in hospital, particularly if patients deteriorate. The aims are to reduce variation caused by discontinuity of care; avoid harms caused by inappropriate treatment and promote patients' priorities and preferences. The TEP is based on the goals of treatment – 'What are we trying to achieve?' The goals take account of the context of acute illness, the consequences of interventions and discussion with the patient. They should reflect a shift away from 'fix-it' medicine to what is realistic and pragmatic. A TEP has three escalation categories: full escalation, selected appropriate treatments and palliative/supportive care. Other appropriate/inappropriate treatments are also recorded. Treatment Escalation Plans are associated with significant reductions in intensive care unit (ICU) admissions, non-beneficial interventions, harms and complaints. Treatment Escalation Plans contribute to staff well-being by reducing uncertainty. Successful implementation requires training and education in medical decision-making and communication skills.


With consideration of the Ising model a single-axis ferromagnet is described to which a steady magnetic field is applied perpendicular to the anisotropy axis. The dispersion law for elementary excitations of such a system are derived in the extreme cases of weak and strong magnetic fields. It is shown that in the case of weak magnetic field an essential difference between quantum and classical results exists contrary to the case of strong magnetic field.

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In this paper, we provide the preliminaries of basic concepts about association rule mining and survey the list of existing association rule mining techniques. Of course, a single article cannot be a complete review of all the al- gorithms, yet we hope that the references cited will cover the major theoretical issues, guiding the researcher in interesting research directions that have yet to be explored.


This paper provides an overview of the originality and advantages of the Iterative Object Ranking Verification method, analyzes an example of the Python programming implementation, describes possible fields to apply the method.


Many people stretch before or after they exercise, often to reduce risk for muscle soreness and injury. In this systematic review of the literature,


The aim of this article is to evaluate marginal and internal fit between the all-ceramic crowns manufactured by the conventional press-dental laboratory and CAD/CAM systems. Methods: Tooth #14 was prepared per standard specification to receive an all-ceramic crown restoration. Forty-five prep tooth #14 were duplicated and randomly divided into three groups (n=15). All-ceramic CAD/CAM system (Group 1) was fabricated with the E4D CAD/CAM system according to the manufacturer's instructions. For press-dental laboratory made crowns, impressions were taken on the region area with two-step impression techniques with light and putty consistency VPS. Impressions were sent to two independent dental laboratories (Groups 2 and 3) for fabricating the monolithic press lithium disilicate crown. All crowns were cemented using Multilink® Automix (Ivoclar Vivadent) under constant pressure of 100N. Samples were embedded in acrylic and sectioned buccolingually. Sections were evaluated under digital stereo microscope and measured on three locations per buccal and lingual side of section: marginal-edge, mid-axial wall, and cusp-tip. One measurement was made on the occlusal table. Statistical analysis was accomplished with Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVA and significance was predetermined at p<.05. Results: No significant difference was found at the buccal and lingual margins in all groups. However, there was significance difference found for cement thickness in midaxial, cusp, and occlusal locations within the group. Conclusions: Based on the statistical results there was no statistical difference in marginal fit of all-ceramic crowns made by CAD/CAM system or dental laboratory press ceramic.


the error plans. cytologic-histologic correlation a web-based database, error reduction plans. of (sampling or interpretation), of pathologist cytotechnologist provider. Error interobserver by each errors detected at other sites. Error reduction plans included the introduction of double viewing pulmonary cytology specimens, of specific sign-out terms for gynecologic histologic specimens, and review of thyroid aspiration specimens to determine error cause. Success of error reduction plans by reduction for gynecologic 1.7% 9.5% of all cases correlated. Frequency of error per for non- gynecologic specimens 5.9% 11.7% of all cases Pairwise error type or in separate label printers for all accessioners. Conclusions: Initially there was some staff resistance to the new no batching policy due to perceptions that batching was more efficient. However, after a 12 month period, labeling errors have dropped from 1-2 per week to 2 in 12 months. Both of these errors were caused by new trainees batching their work. We plan to apply the principle of no batching to other areas within anatomic pathology in the future. Background: C/EBP α (CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-alpha) is a transcription factor that regulates myeloid differentiation. Mutations in CEBPA are present in approximately 10-15% of intermediate risk AML and were shown to be a favorable prognostic factor. The variety of mutations that occur in CEBPA make rapid definitive assessment of mutational status difficult. Design: We developed a mutational analysis method for CEBPA using capillary electrophoresis (CE) under denaturing (GeneScan sizing) and non-denaturing (single strand conformational polymorphism-SSCP) conditions. Genomic DNA was extracted from the bone marrow or blood of 40 patients with AML (FAB: 3-M0; 10-M1; 16-M2; 9-M4; 1-M7; 1-MDS). The N-terminal (550 bases) and C-terminal (680 bases) regions of CEBPA were amplified in separate PCR reactions, using FAM-labeled forward primers and HEX-labeled reverse primers. PCR fragments were analyzed by CE and confirmation of the detected mutations was done by direct sequencing. Results: SSCP/CE analysis detected eight (20%) N-terminal fragments and ten (25%) C-terminal fragments with mobility shifts as compared to wild-type. Sequencing analysis revealed six (15%) samples with N-terminal mutations (four single base insertions and two single base deletions) and ten (25%) samples with C-terminal sequence changes (five polymorphisms and five changes, involving deletions, insertions and duplications of various number of bases). Comparison of SSCP with sequence analysis revealed that 16 of 18 samples with mobility shifts had sequence variations. Careful review of the two discrepant cases by direct sequencing revealed sequence variations in only one strand. The remaining samples without mobility shifts in SSCP/ CE analysis were also unmutated by sequence analysis. Fragment sizing by Genescan was useful in determining the number of bases involved in sequence variations larger than two bases. Conclusions: These results indicate that the use SSCP/CE in tandem with GeneScan fragment size analysis are reliable and rapid initial screening methods for mutation detection in CEBPA. Despite the wide spectrum of mutations that occur in CEBPA in AML patients, there was a high concordance rate between direct sequencing and SSCP. Therefore, this approach will reduce the time and money spent on mutation detection using direct sequencing by at least 70%. Background: Synovial sarcoma (SS) is a diagnostically challenging, malignant mesenchymal neoplasm which accounts for roughly 5% of soft tissue tumors. Although immunohistochemistry plays a crucial role in the diagnosis of synovial sarcoma, markers used to define this sarcoma are not entirely specific. RT-PCR has been the method of choice for detection of t(X;18). We assessed the sensitivity and specificity of two-color interphase FISH for the detection of t(X;18) in FFPE tissue sections using morphometric image analysis. Design: All sarcomas (n=78) were evaluated morphologically and immunohistochemically. 24 of the 42 SS cases had been confirmed to contain a t(X;18) by cytogenetic or RT-PCR analysis. 66 of the 78 tumors were contained within a single tissue microarray, constructed from archival FFPE tissue samples that were referred to the British Columbia Cancer Agency. Deparaffinized tissue sections were incubated with Vysis SYT Translocation breakapart probe pair following digestion/pretreatment. Automated quantitative morphometric analysis was performed using the MetaSystems™ imaging system with extended focus/tile sampling methodology. Signals within tiles were stratified according to proximity, and those tiles containing signals which were separated by 10 or more image pixels were considered positive. The percentage of positive tiles was then calculated. The threshold for positivity was established from a group of non-synovial sarcoma cases which did not contain the translocation of interest. A positive case was defined as one in which the percent of positive tiles detected was > 3 standard deviations above the mean of this negative control group. Results: In the FISH assays, 35 of 42 SS cases showed and method for the of t(X;18)(p11.2;q11.2) in FFPE tissues rate conventional RT-PCR assays. A total of 5 ug (10ug for FFPE samples) of amplified, labeled RNA was hybridized to a custom 22,000 gene microarray (Agilent). This array was designed to accommodate both Fresh and FFPE samples, and contains a probe set biased for the 3region of the RNA transcript. Results: Presented are the relative expression levels of AR mRNA across over 60 tumor cancer types. Consistent with results previously reported, we have observed high levels of AR mRNA in adenocarcinomas of the prostate. Additionally, we have also observed levels comparable to those seen in prostatic adenocarcinomas in a subset of hepatocellular carcinoma and adenocarcinomas of the the endometrium. Conclusions: While the expression of specific proteins is often used to identify the site of tumor origin, the distribution and range of protein expression is often poorly understood. These studies attempt to examine the range and distribution of gene expression across a broad range of tumors, in the case of AR expression, we have found a consistent level of AR mRNA expression in a subset of hepatocellular carcinoma and adenocarcinomas of the the endometrium. These expression patterns may be useful in cases where the differential diagnosis includes these tumor types. Tissue contamination detected in paraffin blocks or histological sections, and laboratory specimen mix-up are well recognized problems in surgical pathology. These issues arise even though extreme care is taken to avoid them. If a potential quality problem is suspected, it presents a challenge to the pathologist and, if not resolved may result in inappropriate therapy, or at least in additional diagnostic procedures. Thus accurate identification of the source of the tissue in these circumstances is crucial. This study assesses the effectiveness of two methods used in forensic investigation for identity testing in a clinical laboratory. Design: Twelve cases, in which the source of tissue was uncertain, were submitted to the Forensic Biology of the NYC Office of Chief Medical Examiner for genetic identity testing. The clinical scenarios were: possible tissue contamination (6 cases), identity of biopsy tissue questioned by patients (3 cases), suspicion of malignant tissue having been introduced by a transplanted organ (2 cases), laboratory biopsies mix-up (1 case). The isolation of the tissue in question (paraffin embedded or frozen tissue) was performed by needle/scalpel scraping, and/or laser-capture microdissection (PixCell II LCM, Arcturus).The tissue genetic identity was determined by using either the PowerPlex 16 ® multiplex (Promega), an assay based on short tandem repeat (STR) polymorphism in nuclear DNA (15 autosomal loci and the Amel locus on X/Y chromosome), or the Linear Array mtDNA HVI/HVII Region Sequence Typing kit (Roche Molecular Systems) for the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), in cases with insufficient nuclear DNA/negative STR data. The mtDNA test is based on sequence specific oligonucleotide probe analysis of hypervariable mtDNA d-loop regions I /II, and yields results for extracts containing less than 1pg of nuclear DNA. The samples underwent standard extraction and DNA quantitation (QuantiBlot). Results: In all cases the identity of the tissue in question was established by either PowerPlex16® (7 cases), or mtDNA (6 cases) in case with inadequate nuclear DNA. Even though mtDNA types are not unique and shared by all maternal relatives, the discriminative power was sufficient to show exclusions of possible tissue sources. Conclusions: The combination of multiplex STR and linear array mtDNA used in forensic investigation proved to be effective in a clinical laboratory, and may serve as a QA tool. Background: Morphologic changes of neutrophils in response to cytokine stimulation during acute infection include toxic granulation, toxic vacuolization and Dohle bodies. The shortened transition of reactive neutrophils results in increasing bands and metamyelocytes (left shift). However, identification of these morphologic changes traditionally requires manual examination of peripheral blood smears, which is labor-intensive and subjective. Using the Coulter automated hematology analyzer (Coulter LH 750) with VCS technology, more than 8000 leukocytes can be directly analyzed using direct current impedance for cell volume (V), radio frequency opacity for conductivity (C) and a laser beam to measure light scatter (S) for cytoplasmic granularity and nuclear structure. Since left-shifted reactive neutrophils are larger and have lower nuclear complexity than their resting counterparts, we hypothesize that such morphologic changes may be quantitatively measured using the Coulter


In this paper we propose a novel approach of rule learning called Relaxed Separate-and- Conquer (RSC): a modification of the standard Separate-and-Conquer (SeCo) methodology that does not require elimination of covered rows. This method can be seen as a generalization of the methods of SeCo and weighted covering that does not suffer from fragmentation. We present an empirical investigation of the proposed RSC approach in the area of Predictive Maintenance (PdM) of complex manufacturing machines, to predict forthcoming failures of these machines. In particular, we use for experiments a real industrial case study of a machine which manufactures the plastic bottle. We compare the RSC approach with a Decision Tree (DT) based and SeCo algorithms and demonstrate that RSC significantly outperforms both DT based and SeCo rule learners. We conclude that the proposed RSC approach is promising for PdM guided by rule learning.


Optical phase- (PM) and spatial-modulators (SLM) are of interest in integrated realization of highly stable RF clocks using self-forced opto-electronic oscillators and all-optical ADC that are to be realized using electro-optic (EO) chromophores on Si-Photonics platforms. Design and performance comparison of broadband RF electrodes of the optical modulators are presented in this paper using lateral coupled micro-strip (CMS) driving electrodes as travelling and standing waves. Improved bandwidth and group delay flatness are observed using proper terminations of CMS in PM. Optical waveguide structure of SLM designs is based on PM design with a higher index of refraction prism as optical superstrate to achieve leaky wave. Optical core waveguide design comparisons are made in terms of CPO-1 and JRD-1 EO chromophores with PMMI as host surrounded by NOA65 cladding. Optimized SLM is basis of 40GSPS ADC with effective number of bits as high as 9.4.


The production of entanglement, obtained by unitary transformations (quantum gates), is a basic prerequisite for any quantum computer. Due to the comparatively long spin coherence time and the feasibility of coherent manipulation of entangled pairs [1], semiconductor nanostructures are one of the best candidates to obtain an adequate set of quantum gates, through which individual electron spins (representing the basic qubits) can be manipulated. As an example, the possibility of controlling the wave function of two electrons in quasi-onedimensional nanorods has been explored recently [2].


Introduction: The life expectancy of preterm infants has increased in recent years due to the scientific and technological progress applied to neonatology. However, this results in different morbidities acquired in this population related to prematurity. Among the main complications of the preterm infant include alterations in neurodevelopment manifested by motor, affective, adaptive and/or learning disorders. One of the tools for the precise detection of neurological damage is neuroimaging studies. Such studies are often limited by the lack of equipment, inadequate funds for the use of the equipment or the critical condition of the newborn. Conclusion: The implementation of low cost methods that also provide high sensitivity and specificity is key for early detection of neurological damage under these conditions. Prechtl's general movements evaluation has proven to be a useful tool for early recognition of patients with neurological damage and is also a good predictor for identifying children who will develop cerebral palsy.


The study is concerned with the development of Ethyl Cellulose microspheres by the o/w emulsification and solvent evaporation method in the presence of tween 80 as an emulsifying agent. The influence of process parameters such as solvent mixture, composition, concentration of the emulsifying agent and speed of stirring has been examined. The microspheres have been analysed for their size, drug loading capacity and drug release study. Spherical and smooth surfaced microspheres with desired encapsulation efficiencies were obtained. Slow drug release from microspheres observed up to6- 8 h. An optimization procedure was employed to investigate and identify the key parameters affecting the properties of the microspheres.


In this paper,we explained the operational meanings of Mental Health Diathsis,demonstrated the structure and the content of Mental Health Diathsis Questionnaire,and discussed the developmental idea and the reliability and validity about the questionnaire.


The possibility to trap a sphere in the near-field of a single-beam piston transducer is theoretically demonstrated. Conditions are found where a rigid, fluid, elastic, and viscoelastic sphere with arbitrary radius placed in the near-field and centered on the axis of a circular piezoelectric transducer vibrating uniformly, experiences a pulling force, so the acoustical waves act as a "tractor" beam. Numerical predictions illustrate the theory with particular emphasis on the distance from the source, the size of the transducer, and the elastic properties of the sphere. Those results can potentially suggest a simple and reliable method in designing acoustical tweezers.


lytic model, though this fact is quite unrelated to its adequacy as a simulation model. Latane considers a model of the ideal, not a model of reality, and this distinction does not emerge clearly in his chapter. Mechanic concentrates on the methodology of organizational studies. In large part, the author organizes methodological problems in terms of the great debate between those two perennial antagonists, the theorist and the empiricist. On the one hand is the theorist with his emphasis on validity, his interest in substantive problems, his penchant for global studies, and his use of variables defined in terms of their practical or theoretical significance; in the other corner is the empiricist, who concentrates on reliability, systematization, restricted studies, and variables defined by the data, perhaps through factor analysis. Regarding research strategy, Mechanic favors a multidisciplinary strategy, which implies different viewpoints (psychological, sociological, economic) of the same organizational problem, rather than an interdisciplinary strategy, which implies a coalescence of ideas and, possibly, an eclecticism which may be too tolerant of weak ideas. Mechanic's chapter is marred only by his use of such terms as &dquo;accept the null hypothesis&dquo; rather than &dquo;fail to reject the null hypothesis,&dquo; and &dquo;negative results&dquo; rather than &dquo;inconclusive results.&dquo;


Ciprofloxacin and enoxacin were two-to fourfold less active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in calcium-and magnesium-supplemented broth compared with unsupplemented broth regardless of inoculum size, presence of serum, or use of inhibitory or bactericidal endpoints (P < 0.01). The effect of cation supplementation was less pronounced and less consistent for Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus aureus. Several new fluorinated piperazinyl quinolone compounds have been shown to have potent antibacterial effects, most notably against gram-negative bacilli (7). However, available pharmacokinetic and microbiological data suggest that the differences between achievable serum or tissue concentrations in vivo and inhibitory or bactericidal concentrations for certain pathogens (e.g., Pseudomonas aeruginosa) may be small. Therefore, relatively small changes in activity found in tests performed by standardized methods in media that more accurately reflect in vivo conditions could be important. The objective of this study was to evaluate the in vitro activities of two new quinolone agents, ciprofloxacin (Miles Pharmaceuticals, West Haven, Conn.) and enoxacin (Warner-Lambert Pharmaceuticals, Ann Arbor, Mich.)


Facing the global issues about decline of grain production along with the imbalance of grain distribution,this research elicits the evaluation methods of national grain security,based on the definition of grain security by FAO.Grain Security Evaluation,which is known to be made up by three main components: National Grain Security,Household Grain Security and Nutritional Grain Security,should not exclude another three important parts,which are Quantitative Security,Quality Security and Ecological Security,in order to get ready for the risks about grain security we may need to.undertake in the future.


Letters species. In fact, our lab was involved in those studies. By 2010, switchgrass had been removed from the state noxious weed list. In support of this, our research re- sults showed that it has a very low potential to become invasive in the state. Joseph DiTomaso Cooperative Extension Weed Specialist Department of Plant Sciences, UC Davis Seaweed as a source of omega-3 fatty acids Regarding "Food as Medicine" (July-September 2011): The authors must be aware of the sources of omega-3 fatty acids. Seaweed salad from Korea solves the prob- lem without using fish. I consume some with my no- palitos for breakfast every morning. The public should be aware of this source of omega-3 fats. Andrew A. Benson Scripps Institution of Oceanography UC San Diego First phase of Hilgardia Project under way T he Hilgardia Project, launched in April 2011 to bring the classic UC publication to the Web, has received $26,550 in donations and pledges and is nearing its fundraising goal of $30,000. The project's first phase — preparing the Wine and Grape Collection for posting online — is under way. For 70 years, until publication ceased in 1995, Hilgardia was the pri- mary technical publication of UC Agriculture and Natural Resources. The archive includes classic research in agricultural, environmental and nutritional sciences, content that is still widely cited and valuable to industry and scholars. At present, Hilgardia has virtually no online presence, and half of pub- lished issues are out of print. The rest are paperbound, subject to wear and tear. When digitized, these works will be posted on a sister site to California Agriculture journal and become freely available to scholarly and lay readers. To make a donation or for more information, write to email@example.com, e-mail Deborah Golino at firstname.lastname@example.com or go to http:/ /californiaagriculture.ucanr.edu/hilgardia.cfm. The Hilgardia Project gratefully acknowledges the following donors, whose generosity has made it possible to begin scanning and posting this vital work (31,304 pages and 966 articles): CALIFORNIA AGRICULTURE • VOLUME 66 , NUMBER 3 Angela Zivkovic, author of "Dietary omega-3 fatty acids aid in the modulation of inflammation and metabolic health" (July-September 2011), responds: While seaweed (wakame) is a source of omega-3 fatty acids, it contains modest amounts. According to the U.S. Department of Agriculture nutrient database, there are 186 milligrams of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) per 100 grams of raw seaweed. This is one-third of the amount in an equivalent portion of raw pink (wild) salmon. There is even less in dried seaweed: 87 milligrams EPA per 100 grams. An entire package of dried seaweed usually contains 100 grams of seaweed, which is typically not consumed by one July–September 2011 person in 1 day. California Agriculture Anonymous gift in memory of Harry Lawton, UC Riverside, honoring his contributions to UC Lodi Winegrape Commission, in support of the Wine and Grape Collection Northern California Entomological Society, in sup- port of the Entomology Collection Frank G. Zalom, UC Cooperative Extension Specialist, Integrated Pest Management Anonymous gift in tribute to Donald Burdick, recognizing his contributions to CSU Fresno James Doyle, retired UC Davis plant breeder Paramount Farming Company Ernest P. Peninov Plant Sciences, Inc. Vintage Nurseries LLC John Neal Friends of Hilgardia (under $500) G. Stuart Pettygrove, UC Cooperative Extension Soils Specialist — Janet White


A 16-year-old male presented with complaints of fever for 4 months and breathlessness for 2 months. There was no history of smoking or asbestos exposure. Computed tomography of the chest revealed persistent bilateral pleural effusion, axillary lymphadenopathy and thrombosis of right internal jugular, subclavian and brachiocephalic veins. No pleural-based mass lesion could be identified except for a minimal pleural thickening. Thoracentesis showed a chylous effusion with low adenosine deaminase levels. On follow-up, the patient's general condition improved dramatically without any specific treatment (Figures 1–3).


Neighborhood disadvantage (NDis) is a well‐studied contextual and local indicator of Black‐White health disparities, including cognitive health. Trajectories of NDis are less commonly studied but may be important for understanding how investment and disinvestment in neighborhoods with predominately Black residents may contribute to disparities in cognitive aging. This study characterizes 18‐year trajectories of NDis and examines whether trajectories of NDis mediate Black‐White disparities in cognitive function.


The increasing prevalence of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus over the last two decades has led to increased vancomycin use and vancomycin-associated infusion reactions. Immediate IgE-independent hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs) to vancomycin, known as "Red Man Syndrome," are commonly seen in clinical practice and, in the majority of cases, avoided by slowing the infusion and/or premedication with antihistamines [1]. Conversely, IgE-dependent HSRs to vancomycin are rare, only described in case reports, and vancomycin-specific IgE measurement has not been reported in the literature [2, 3]. In some cases, the two types of immediate HSRs are indistinguishable, and patients are assumed to have an IgE-mediated HSR resulting in vancomycin avoidance even when needed [4].


An unceasing work is being carried out in MONIKI on studying different principles of pay for work depending on the qualitative and quantitative parameters of working results which are reflected in the labor (effective) contract of the employee. The closest direct connection between the basic and stimulating salaries of the hospital physicians and sisters was established using index which characterizes satisfaction of patients with treatment process, introduction of contemporary diagnostic and therapeutic methods into medical practice, and operative activity of surgeons. The strongest feed-back was revealed between medical staff salaries and postoperative complications, patients' complaints, penalty sanctions, and the mean duration of hospital treatment


Topobo is a 3D constructive assembly system embedded with kinetic memory---the ability to record and playback physical motion. Unique among modeling systems is Topobo's coincident physical input and output behaviors. By snapping together a combination of passive (static) and active (motorized) components, users can quickly assemble dynamic biomorphic forms like animals and skeletons with Topobo, animate those forms by pushing, pulling, and twisting them, and observe the system repeatedly play back those motions. For example, a dog can be constructed and then taught to gesture and walk by twisting its body and legs. The dog will then repeat those movements and walk repeatedly.


Recent environmental changes have shown the world the importance of sustainable development and these changes demand concrete solutions. The Smart Grid solution is recognized as a key technology to cope with these challenges, not just concerning the environmental impact of greenhouse gases but also regarding the increasing electric demand. Smart Grid is a combination of two networks, the first being the electrical transmission and distribution network, while the other is the modern data communication network. The Smart Grid communication network can be divided into three parts, HAN (Home Area Network), NAN (Neighborhood Area Network), and WAN (Wide Area Network). IEEE 802.15.4 and IEEE 802.11 MAC protocols, which are based on the CSMA/CA mechanism, are assumed to be the candidates for the MAC layer of HAN. However, it has latency and energy efficiency problems. In this paper, we have redesigned a tree based TDMA MAC protocol which can be applied in Smart Grid HAN. From the experiments, we verify the performance of our proposed protocol with respect to the network latency, high packet transmission rate and energy efficiency.


Abstract This paper investigates the sensitivity of recent evolutionary models of learning to the specification of the matching mechanism. We study a literally random matching mechanism, combined with a process of strategy adjustment based on the realized average performance of each strategy. In the key class of symmetric 2×2 coordination games, the Pareto-efficient equilibrium, per se , is selected, rather than the risk-dominant equilibrium, as the probability of experimentation (or "mutation") goes to zero. Furthermore, convergence to the equilibrium is relatively fast. We extend these results, for example, to games of common interest. Journal of Economic Literature Classification Numbers: C72, C73.


A recognizing and sub-pixel locating algorithm of a crosshair image and a calibrating method of the setup are studied. A sub-pixel locating accuracy and 2" within the full range are achieved. The crosshair captured with a CCD camera was processed and calculated by a computer. The gray values of each cross section of each line were fitted to Gaussian curve with the least squares method, the central points of the curves were fitted to a line with the same method, the intersections of two pair of lines were obtained and 2D displacement in pixels was figured out. With the precision stage and HP5528A dual-frequency laser interferometer, the setup within the full range was calibrated with piecewise linear interpolation method. Eye fatigue and errors by eye sighting and reading are eliminated and measuring efficiency is raised greatly. It is suitable for NC machine stage precision measurement and stage error automatic compensation.


There is an inflammatory lesion of the aorta — the chronic productive mesaortitis of Heller, 1 Dohle 2 and the Kiel school of pathologists as a whole — in which the anatomic features are so frequently associated with syphilis as to indicate a specific origin. In certain quarters, however, there still is a tendency to question the syphilitic nature of the process. The lesion, which often is associated with a definite clinical history of syphilis, is practically always attended by anatomic indications of syphilis beyond the vascular system, such as atrophic pigmented cutaneous scars, indurative atrophy of the base of the tongue, syphilitic changes in the osseous system, gummas in various localities, and other signs of like significance. Inability to demonstrate these changes is to be ascribed, in the majority of instances, not to their absence, but to failure to find them or to interpret them properly — an opinion


To carry out the cytogenetic study of chromosome aberrations in epithelial tissue of the stomach, the patients were divided into 2 groups. Group I comprised 24 patients with chronic gastritis (12 patients with metaplasia and dysplasia and 12 patients without morphological changes in the epithelium). Group II consisted of 10 patients with histologically verified intestinal-type gastric cancer. Chromosome aberrations were detected in 9 of the 12 patients (75 %) having no morphological changes in the epithelium (15q11.2-q26 deletion was found in 66 %). In patients with epithelial dysplasia, amplification of the chromosomal region 3р12-р23 was most frequently found (55,5 %). The cytogenetic analysis showed the evidence of chromosome aberrations in all studied epithelial samples, while in cells of chronic inflammation focus, aberrations were detected in 70 % of patients. Deletions in chromosomal regions 19p13.2, 19q13.1-q13 and 18q12-q21 were frequently observed in tumor-adjacent epithelial tissue (30 %), while in tumor cells, the frequent chromosomal aberrations were deletions in chromosomal regions 5q12-q23 (30 %) and 18q11.2-q21(30 %) as well as amplifications 20p11.2-p13 (20 %).


Background: Intestinal macrophages play an important role in mucosal inflammation. In normal colonic mucosa we recently demonstrated a unique macrophage phenotype with attenuated immune functions. Here we present an analysis of the alterations of the phenotype of colonic macrophages in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Methods: Intestinal macrophages were isolated from biopsies of patients with IBD (n = 20). Flow cytometric triple fluorescence analysis was applied to study CD14, CD16, CD33, HLA‐DR, CD44, CD11b, CD11c and CD3/CD19 expression. Results: In IBD there was an increase in expression not only of CD14 compared to control mucosa (36.0%±13.2% vs. 10.5%±3.8%, P<0.0001) but also of CD16 (28.6%±10.3% vs. 10.1%±3.9%, P<0.0001), HLA‐DR (53.1%±15.9% vs. 27.3%± 9.2%, P<0.0005), CD11b (42.8%±14.2% vs. 17.4%±6.8%, P<0.0001) and CD11c (35.1% ± 15.9% vs. 17.8%±10.4%, P<0.005.). Furthermore, a hitherto undescribed new population of macrophages could be detected by flow cytometry only in patients with ulcerative colitis (CD16++, CD11b++, CD14low, CD33low, CD11c‐) accounting for 5.8% of all cells isolated. Conclusion: In contrast to colonic macrophages from normal mucosa, there is a significantly higher expression of CD14, CD16, HLA‐DR, CD11b and CD11c in IBD, indicating additional macrophage populations in the inflamed mucosa. This may reflect either a recruitment of new cells from the circulation or a change in phenotype of resident cells.


With the development of air freight, the emergence of specialized freight airports, the gradual increase of full-freight airlines. The full-freight network has a great influence on the development of air freight, so it is necessary to carry out a more comprehensive analysis of the air full-freight network. The complex network theory provides a good method. From the perspective of the research of complex network theory, this paper describes the topology structure of the full-freight network and understands its structural characteristics. The results show that: (1) China's civil aviation all-cargo network shows small world characteristics, degree distribution is fitted as exponential distribution. (2) There is no obvious community structure in the air cargo network. (3) The air fullfreight network with Hangzhou, Shenzhen and Nanjing as the hubs.


Review(s) of: Bromann, Jennifer, More book-talking that works. Teens @ the library series. New York: Neal-Schuman Publishers, 2005. 145p, US$49.95, soft cover ISBN 1555705251 (Available from DA Information Services).


Superconductivity
In Cooper pairs—pairs of electrons responsible for the exotic properties of superconductors—the two electrons' spins typically point in opposite directions. A strong-enough external magnetic field will destroy superconductivity by making the spins point in the same direction. Lu et al. observed a two-dimensional superconducting state in the material MoS2 that was surprisingly immune to a magnetic field applied in the plane of the sample (see the Perspective by Suderow). The band structure of MoS2 and its spin-orbit coupling conspired to create an effective magnetic field that reinforced the electron pairing, with spins aligned perpendicular to the sample.

Science , this issue p. [1353][1]; see also p. [1316][2]

 [1]: /lookup/doi/10.1126/science.aab2277
 [2]: /lookup/doi/10.1126/science.aad7086


The Air Defence Alerting Device, otherwise known as ADAD, is a passive infra-red system which detects the presence of a potentially hostile airborne threat and relays its bearings to a Close Air Defence Weapon System (CADWS). The equipment is therefore a cueing device which directs a weapon system operator (or his sight) to the bearing of the threat. From an overall weapon system point of view, use of ADAD realises a very significant increase in weapon effectiveness which is greatly welcomed in these times of constrained defence budgets. The ADAD system is believed to be the first of its kind in the world to be procured in production quantities - it will go into service with the UK Army in the early 1990's.


Based on the investigation on the physical mechanics properties of coal mass and according to the similar material theory,the test and research on the similar material selection for the coal and rock blasting was conducted.The test based on the cement,sand,gypsum and water as the basic material was to control the coal and rock strength and the test based on the broken coal,pearlite,mica and foaming agent as the additive material was to control the micro cracking,micro cave,structural door as well as the inner absorption,adsorption and free gas.The test with two steps had the measurement and coal and rock comparison on the five physical mechanics performance parameters of the specimens.The test results showed that the similar material selected could simulate the coal and rock mass and preliminarily the material mixing rate of the five different coal and rock masses was set.


This paper carries out the grade evaluation for college students according to the value of the synthetic evaluation by means of the optimal partition method of multivariate statistical analysis so as to get rid of the problems caused by the personal factors and enrich the theory of quantified grade evaluation for the college students.


The paper presents similarities and differences of innovative activity of ferrous metallurgy enterprises in Russia and abroad, The metallurgical companies have been studied that have succeeded in innovations . The paper analyzes the system of work with innovations in foreign steel mills and sets out the main directions of the analysis such as: what is the base of the system, the main directions of foreign steel industry activity, where lay the attention foci. The paper defines the type of model of innovative development of foreign iron and steel enterprises and identifies measures to stimulate innovation in the Russian enterprises. The article discloses the advantage of foreign steel companies in work with innovation, shows, how to activate the innovative activity at the enterprises of ferrous metallurgy of Russia, picks out the promising innovative projects. The study provides examples how the work with innovations is organized the foreign steel companies, presents the factors due to which the situation in Russia's steel industry is less favorable. In addition, the authors identify arrangements for innovation, which will ultimately improve innovation activity in the Russian enterprises.


ABSTRACT The problem to recognizing a uniform colour object that is placed on a colour background is studied. The recognition process. based on a multichannel correlation, is dMded into two steps.Firstly, the presence of the target is determined by using two Phase Only Filters (POF) In eachchannel matched to the target on a black background, and to a colour square with the target inblack. The background colour is obtained with a Classical Matched Filter (CMF) matched to thelatter signal. From the information provided by the three filters in each channel, it is possible to obtain the presence of the target and the character-background colour combination. Some simulation results to show the performance of the method are given. 1.- INTRODUCTION The colour content of images is increasingly used in pattern recognition problems due to the fact that the colour information provides an improvement in the discrimination capability of thesystem. Furthermore, some objects with the same shape can be differentiated only by their colourcombination.Several techniques in colour image recognition by matched filtering have been proposed.


For a parallel architecture to scale e ectively communication latency between processors must be avoided We have found that the source of a large number of avoidable cache misses is the use of hardwired write invalidate coherency protocols which often exhibit high cache miss rates due to excessive invalidations and subsequent reloading of shared data In the Avalanche project at the University of Utah we are building a node multiprocessor designed to reduce the end to end communication latency of both shared memory and message passing programs As part of our de sign e orts we are evaluating the potential performance bene ts and implementation complexity of providing hardware support for multiple coherency protocols Using a detailed architecture sim ulation of Avalanche we have found that support for multiple consistency protocols can reduce the time parallel applications spend stalled on memory operations by up to and overall execution time by up to Most of this reduction in memory stall time is due to a novel release consistent multiple writer write update protocol implemented using a write state bu er Reducing Consistency Tra c and Cache Misses in the Avalanche Multiprocessor John B Carter Ravindra Kuramkote Chen Chi Kuo Computer Systems Laboratory University of Utah


— The Profile identical means two users comparing their individual profile and is frequently the first step towards effectual PMSN. It, however, conflicts with the users' growing isolation concerns about disclosing their individual profiles to complete strangers before deciding to relate with them Our protocols make possible two users to carry out outline similar without disclosing any data about their accounts/profiles ahead of the judgment result. Making new associations according to personal preference is a essential service in mobile social networking, where an initiate user can find matching users within physical propinquity of him/her. In an existing systems for those services, frequently all the clients directly publish their full profiles for remaining of them to search. Though, in much submission, the users' personal outline may contain sensitive in order that those do not want to create it open thing. In this paper, we explored a set of privacy-preserving profile identical themes for mobile social networks which are based on proximity. In an initiate client can discover from a set of clients the one whose profile/account greatest counterpart with her / his; to restrict the danger of secure disclosure, only required and least information about the confidential characteristic of the partake users is exchanged. Two the increasing levels of user solitude are distinct, with falling amounts of exposed profile/account data. Leveraging secured/protected multi-party computation (SMC) method we propose novel modus operandi that understand each of the client privacy levels, which can also be adapted by the users. We bring in formal security proofs and presentation evaluation on our system, and show their compensation in both security and good organization over state-of-the-art Krishna Chaitanya Katkam, Asst. Professor, KECA, Nizamabad, methods. The social familiarity between two clients/users as the identical metric, which can measure the distance between their social coordinate with each being a vector pre calculated by a central server which is trusted to stand for the location of a client in an online social network. By judgment, our work does not rely on the link of PMSN clients with a one social network in online and talk to a more general classified identical crisis for PMSN by helping fine-grained private profiles/account and a huge spectrum of corresponding metrics.


What are the major research challenges that face the world of computing today? Are there any of them that match the grandeur of well-known challenges in other branches of science? This article is a report on an exercise by the Computing Research Community in the UK to answer these questions, and includes a summary of the outcomes of a BCS-sponsored conference held in Newcastle-upon-Tyne from 29 to 31 March this year.


The infrared radiation characteristics of aircraft engine plume are of great significance for aircraft detection and identification. At present, with the requirements of engine combustion chamber environment, some new coating materials came into being. This material will produce a large number of gaseous and solid ablation particles in the reaction process, so the emission and scattering of ablation particles must be considered in the calculation of plume infrared radiation transfer. Based on the refractive index data of ZrO2 particles given in the literature, the scattering phase function, scattering cross section, albedo and asymmetry factor of ZrO2 particles are calculated by T matrix. The scattering phase function of ablative particles at different wavelengths and the change of scattering characteristics of ablative particles with the passage of reaction time are analyzed. The results show that the scattering effect is obvious when the wavelength is short. With the increase of combustion time, the forward scattering of clusters increases sharply, and the scattering at all angles is more obvious. Therefore, it is necessary to accurately calculate the scattering characteristics of ablation particles in order to accurately calculate the radiation characteristics of aircraft plume in the future.


American institutions of government and law, of business and agriculture have disorganized but not wholly displaced folk methods in Puerto Rico. The economy but not the culture of the United States has pervaded the country. The consequent social confusion is reflected in personal disorganization. The indigenous values of the folk, with some heritage from Spain, persist as the moral climate. They are, in effect, a suicidal attack upon the modernized economy that is now necessary to the physical survival of the people. Unrealistically nostalgic and romantic nationalist movements express the current contradictions and uncertainties.


A facility for electromagnetic boundary layer flow control employing conductive particle seeding is in the initial stages of development, fabrication and testing. The facility consists of three integrated components: a conductive particle seeding mechanism, an ionization plate and a Lorentz force generator plate that comprises of a series of flush- mounted surface electrodes and embedded rare earth magnets. Initial bench-top testing is reported with the future intention of testing the facility in the low speed and supersonic flow regimes. An aqueous salt solution reduced the voltage required to create a corona discharge by the ionization plate. The ionization of seeded air by an electric field presents several problems, notably an increased tendency for arcing as the conductivity within the boundary layer increases. The aqueous salt solution was accelerated or decelerated by the Lorentz force generator depending on the electromagnetic configuration. The benchtests demonstrated the ability of raising the conductivity of air to enable Lorentz force actuation under normal atmospheric conditions.


Numerical simulations of three-dimensional unsteady flows were carried out to investigate pressure fluctuations in the passages of a tubular pump system with S-shaped shaft extension in different operating conditions by using the code CFX and comparing with experiments on scale model. Pressure fluctuations at 21 locations of measurement in inlet and outlet passages were obtained and analyzed in time and frequency domains for three typical working conditions of different flow rates. At the exit of inlet passage, the pressure fluctuations show a frequency dominated by the rotation speed of impeller and the blade numbers, and their amplitudes decrease gradually from wall to hub. And these amplitudes decrease with flow coefficient in the range from 0.368 to 0.552. The amplitude of average pressure coefficient at the inlet of elbow tube that is one part of outlet passage, is very close to that in middle part of outlet passage,with a difference less than 0.0005. The fluctuating amplitudes in outlet passage are smaller than those at the exit of inlet passage. Under influence of the circulation at guide vane outlet, the dominant frequencies at different locations of measurements in a fixed working condition vary in a great extent, and those at a fixed location vary slightly with flow rate.


The uid interactions produced by a sonic reaction control system (RCS) thruster for a Mars-entry aeroshell are investigated using computational uid dynamics (CFD). The study uses a scaled Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) aeroshell at a 20 angle-of-attack in Mach 12 ow of I2-seeded N2 gas. The RCS jet is directed either parallel or transverse to the freestream ow in order to examine the e ects of the thruster orientation with respect to the center of gravity of the aeroshell. The results show that both the parallel and transverse RCS jets obstruct the ow around the aeroshell and impinge on the surface, which increase the overall pressure on the aftbody. As a result, the RCS jet decreases both the drag and lift forces, and the moment acting on the aeroshell, particularly at relatively large RCS thrust conditions. The results also indicate that the uid interactions produced by the parallel and transverse jets a ect the control e ectiveness of the RCS. The performance of the parallel RCS thruster is close to ideal due to relatively small aerodynamic interference induced by the jet. However, the relatively large aerodynamic interference produced by the transverse RCS jet causes a de cit of control authority. The physical accuracy of the computational method is assessed by comparing the numerical results with experimental visualizations.


A noise reduction method using a compensation electrode and a capacitance in intra-body communication (IBC) is described. The problem with IBC is the influence of environmental noise on communication performance. A radiated noise through the human body is a significant problem. We propose a noise reduction method using a compensation electrode connected to a floor cold electrode with a variable capacitance. The radiated noise through the human body is canceled by the noise to the cold electrode by changing the capacitance. An experiment and equivalent circuit simulation were performed for validation and it was confirmed that the noise reduction method is effective for the IBC system.


Sparse arrays play an important role in the widely used acoustic and electromagnetic applications such as sonar, radar, and satellite. In this paper, a recently proposed swarm intelligence algorithm, salp swarm algorithm (SSA), is introduced for design of both linear and planar sparse antenna arrays with optimum sidelobe level (SLL). The design of sparse antenna arrays can be regarded as a nonlinear optimization problem, which the main optimization goal is finding optimum excitations and positions for antenna elements to achieve antenna array beam pattern with desired SLL. The SSA is a new kind of swarm intelligence algorithm which inspired by the swarming behavior of salps. Compared to other evolutionary algorithms, the SSA requires few algorithm-specified tuning parameters, which makes it simple and easy to use for engineering. Illustrative examples of both linear and planar arrays are given to verify the validity of the SSA for SLL reduction of sparse arrays.


This article deals with an electromagnetic design of a three phase winding for an induction motor with unusual number of stator and rotor slots (30/22). There are presented two types of windings. The first one is a classic integral-slot winding (m = 3, p = 1, Qs = 30, q = 5, y = 15) and second one is an interspersed winding 1-3-1. This type of winding is very useful for elimination and suppression of the fifth and seventh harmonic of magnetic flux density in the air-gap. Both designed windings are compared at nominal operation point 2.2 kW.


Proprioception is a critical component of sensorimotor functions which directly affect recovery after neurological injuries. However, clinical tests of proprioception still lack sensitivity and reliability, while robotic devices can provide quantitative, accurate, and repeatable metrics. This work presents the analysis of the efficacy of a robotic assessment of wrist proprioception in terms of the capability to discern between movements along the different DoFs in a healthy population with a broad range of age. The effect of aging on the proprioceptive matching was analyzed to select an appropriate control group for the comparison with stroke patients, designed to confirm the hypothesis that a high percentage of stroke patients presents proprioceptive impairments in the acute and subacute states. Results show that the protocol is capable of detecting differences in performance along different movement directions, and that wrist proprioception does not deteriorate in the age ranges analyzed. Finally, stroke patients were less accurate in matching the position of their wrist, confirming the hypothesis that proprioceptive performance is often impaired in the acute and subacute phases of stroke.


The invention relates to a trueness verification device which has the self-destruction protection function and can read, verify and encrypt verification information included in verification medium for trueness verification of goods and a trueness verification method. The trueness verification device is provided with a self-destruction protection part and a trueness verification part recognizing verifying goods, and the trueness verification device works with verifying goods. The trueness verification method is that after the trueness verification device is in sealing or fixing connection withverifying goods as a whole, the verification is carried out depending on verification medium; particular steps are as follows: verification medium is arranged in the trueness verification device which operates at a collaborative operation state, and the verification information included in verification medium is recognized by the trueness verification part of the trueness verification device, andthe trueness verification code is obtained by encryption calculation; the verification result is outputted. By using the method, the trueness verification of goods is simple, quick, accurate and reliable.


The work was conducted to study physical, chemical and sensory properties of ice cream fortified by sapota fruit pulp. Treatments were carried out by fortifying the ice cream mixture with 5, 10, 15% of sapota fruit pulp and sucrose in proportions of 10, 12, and 14% of the mixture without using stabilizers and compare it with the control. The resultant ice cream was analyzed for physical, chemical and sensory properties. It was observed that the titratable acidity of the mixture, pH values, freezing point, melting time, specific gravity, specific gravity / gallon, protein, carbohydrates, ash, and fiber content were affected by the addition of sapota fruit pulp to the mixture. Reduction of protein and fat contents was noticed, while an increase in carbohydrates and ash contents was observed. The obtained results indicated that there was an increase in the ice cream content of minerals such as calcium, phosphorous, potassium, iron, zinc and vitamins A and C by the increase of the fortification of the sapota fruit pulp. An increase in the time required for melting, and decrease in the freezing point, specific gravity and specific gravity / gallon were observed by increasing the concentration of sapota fruit pulp. The highest score of flavor, body &texture, melting properties and palatability were observed in the ice cream made with added 15% sapota fruit pulp, 12% sucrose without addition of emulsifiers.


This dissertation analyses the Sao Paulo state's network to struggle the leprosy's colonies, formed as an integrated part into a public political project over the compulsory isolation period (1929-1967), having as its main foucus the life path of Pedro Baptista, interned at Sao Paulo´s leprosy colonies between 1934 and 1955. Analyses the leprosy desease as an inffecto-contagious illness and the discussion over the isolation of its patientes; this policy was fundamented based on the approved resolutions of the International Leprosy Congresses carried-out between 1897 and 1958. It also investigates the stigma over the leprosy and leper through the historical perspective developed across this work. The Santo ngelo leper colony was considered the modelar institution on Sao Paulo state's asilar network that became more solid through the implementation of a model known as a 'tripod', which was organized as being: asile, "dispensario" and "preventorio". Based on Pedro Baptista's private collection, formed by letters and photografies, allied by to his medical record it was possible to recover his life's path and analyse his relationship with the desease as well as to the state's network institution.


Cluster schedulers today rely on coarse-grained, generalized heuristics and on extensive manual tuning. This can be costly: they may run computations inefficiently or unnecessarily leave resources idle. Modern reinforcement learning techniques, however, allow future cluster schedulers to learn their own scheduling policy instead of using an off-the-shelf policy, with significant benefits. We introduce Clotho, a system that uses reinforcement learning to automatically train scheduling policies for high-level objectives without encoding human-engineered heuristics or making assumptions about the workload. Clotho learns to schedule jobs that consist of graphs of tasks, setting both parallelism level and execution order based purely on experience. Our Clotho prototype scheduler for Spark outperforms the best heuristics — which already run jobs 2× faster than Spark's default scheduler — by another 20–33%. The policies it learns generalize across cluster sizes and workload variation.


The differential blood count obtained by unbiased sampling mathematically follows a multinomial distribution. The variation between individuals can be formalized by a mixing distribution of the parameters of the multinomial distribution. By DIRICHLET-distributions used as mixing distributions the main phenomena of the observed data can be described, and they are useful in estimating and testing treatment effects. If the correlation between the different types of leucocytes is taken into account in an appropriate manner, univariate test procedures can be applied also.


Metal complexes exhibit significant physical properties such as electrical conductivity, magnetism and optical properties. They can be controlled by changing the ligand field splitting of the d-orbital of the central metal ion. We have investigated the reversible spin crossover (SCO) phenomenon by changing the ligand field splitting in six-coordinated metal complexes ML6. In this study, we focused on the change of the spin states by uniaxial Jahn-Teller distortion in the case of an octahedral hexa-coordinated metal complexes ML6, involving two types of different ligand molecules. In addition, we have used DV-Xα and DVME methods in order to calculate the electronic states. In order to reproduce the effect of the Jahn-Teller distortion in the calculation, a uniaxial anisotropic distortion has been applied into the octahedral hexa-coordinate metal complex. The purpose of this research is to study the mechanism and phenomenon of the spin state changing by discussing the calculated electronic states of the spin crossover phenomenon.


A recent scheme to predict tropical cyclone (TC) activity over the western North Pacific partially failed in 1997 and 1998, during which a warm and a cold event of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) occurred, respectively. This paper presents results of two approaches to improve on such predictions. The first is to include new predictors that are related to ENSO based on some recent research, and the second is to provide an updated prediction by incorporating monthly values of predictors in April and May of the current year. The results suggest that new predictors related to ENSO can indeed be identified, which include temporal changes in the Southern Oscillation index, strength of the Australian monsoon, and intensity of the subtropical high in the South Pacific. These predictors, together with those selected from the original prediction scheme, are combined to form a modified scheme that in general gives better forecasts of TC activity. The updated scheme that includes April and May predictors further improves the accuracy of the predictions. Real-time predictions from both schemes for the year 2000, which were made in April and June, are found to be largely accurate. Both schemes show better skill compared with the original one.


Our interest is pragmatic, driven by our engineering research culture; we want to break down the barriers to human-robot interaction, enabling people to communicate their wishes to subservient robots. It is notoriously difficult for humans to get machines and computers to understand and carry out tasks on behalf of the users. Normally many hours, much expertise and considerable funds are needed to coax a computer or robot to do something new for us, or even to customise an existing task. The difficulty is the nature of human cognition; we understand very little about how humans represent and process information during both the teaching and the learning of new tasks. In this paper and presentation we will analyse the nature of modern humanrobot communication, survey the modalities and techniques available for such communication, discuss the role of novelty, and outline our thoughts on how to design a suitable robot interaction system with novelty. Novelty may be disruptive at low levels of robot interaction, while novelty is desirable at the higher levels, such as social interaction.


OBJECTIVES
The use of bioartificial lungs may represent a breakthrough for the treatment of end-stage lung disease. The present study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of transplanting bioengineered lungs created from autologous cells.

METHODS
Porcine decellularized lung scaffolds were seeded with porcine recipient-derived airway and vascular cells. The porcine recipient-derived cells were collected from lung tissue obtained by pulmonary wedge resection. Following culture of autologous cells in the scaffolds, the resulting grafts were unilaterally transplanted into porcine recipients (n=3). Allograft left unilateral lung transplantation was performed in the control group (n=3). Left unilateral transplantation of decellularized grafts was also performed in a separate control group (n=2). In vivo functions were assessed for 2 hours after transplantation.

RESULTS
Histological evaluation and immunostaining showed the presence of airway and vascular cells in the bioengineered lungs. No animals survived in the decellularized transplant group, whereas all animals survived in the bioengineered transplant and allotransplant groups. However, bioengineered lung grafts showed marked bullous changes. The oxygen exchange was comparable between the bioengineered lung graft transplant and allograft transplant groups. However, the carbon dioxide gas exchange of the bioengineered lung graft transplant group was significantly lower than that of the allograft transplant group at 2 hours after transplantation (4.10±0.87 mmHg vs 24.7±10.1 mmHg, P=0.02).

CONCLUSIONS
Transplantation of bioartificial lung grafts created from autologous cells was feasible in the super-acute phase. However, bullous changes and poor carbon dioxide gas exchange remain limitations of this method.


The collisional relaxation of an ion-beam in a plasma with an extremely strong magnetic field ( approximately 1013 G) is considered. The presence of a drift of the background electrons with respect to the background ions is included, giving rise to enhanced ion-sound fluctuations. The influence of the magnetic field on the orbit of the beam-ions enables these ions to scatter off the enhanced fluctuations. Once deflected from their motion parallel to the field the beam-ions undergo a relatively rapid collisional relaxation.


It is a tough challenge for the geologists to model 3D shape of geological factors because of the complexity of geologic architecture and the insufficiency of exploration data.This paper presents research on modeling 3D shape of geo-bodies and geo-fields through 3D interpolation and iso-surface constructing from limited and scatted exploration data.The Kriging algorithm,as its favorable for revealing asymmetrical and anisotropic distribution of data in the geo-field,is used as the 3D interpolation method to convert the insufficient and random-arrayed data set into sufficient grid data set.The iso-surfaces are auto-created from the scatter data through Marching cube algorithm.The above processes are achieved through VC++.net and OpenGL programming.By application of the above methods,the 3D iso-surfaces of ore grade from drill data and inversely deduced resistance from magnetotellurics surveying data are simulated.Compared with the traditional methods,this produces for us good results and can be used as more convenient and effective tools for 3D visualization in geo-exploration.


The impact of segmented telescope piston error, tip-tilt error and gap on image quality by theoretical and numerical simulation was analyzed. Different error segmented telescope Point-spread-function(PSF) and the far-field spot Strehl Ratio(S.R) expression were derived theoretically. Then, set up simulation model about three kinds of error effect on segmented telescope PSF and far-field spot S.R, and analyzed three kinds of error influence on imaging quality of splicing telescope. Analysis results show that: when the segmented mirror exist piston error, segmented telescope image quality with piston error standard deviation δ increasing gradually becomes poor; when δ λ/20 segmented telescope, the far field spot RS.R 0.9;when the segmented mirror exist tip-tilt error, the segmented telescope imaging quality with the wavefront phase RMS increases gradually worse, when eRMS0.3 rad, the far-field spot of the segmented telescope RS.R0.9; when the segmented mirror exist gap, its imaging quality with the gap factor w increases gradually becomes poor, and when w0.025, a segmented telescope far-field spot RS.R0.9.


This paper contributes a novel technique for reducing the interference of non-Gaussian texture noise from images. Since the inherent properties of texture noise are very different from those of Gaussian white noise, the basic assumption of conventional image denoising techniques is invalid. Here we present a spatial adaptive filtering scheme to remove non-Gaussian texture noise from textile images based on local and non-local similarities. In order to exploit the high correlations among pixels, pixels with uniform texture local regions are estimated differently from those pixels located near edges, that is, for points located in local uniform texture regions, Gaussian weighted averaging of their neighbors can achieve the adaptive effect of the human visual system, whereas for edge points, to find pixels with similar local statistics both in the vicinity and far away can produce a sufficient set of pixels for reasonable averaging. This filtering strategy is applied to textile images corrupted by texture noise and the performance is demonstrated to outperform current state-of-art image denoising techniques. non-Gaussian


Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are widely used in many areas, like in military operations and monitoring applications. Their wireless nature makes them very attractive to attackers, so its security system plays a vital role. Due to the limitations on resources, such as energy and storage, the security mechanism of WSNs have to be considered differently from traditional networks. Over the past years researchers have encouraged the use of mobile agents as a new and smart paradigm for distributed applications to overcome the limitations of sensor nodes. In this paper we are using clustering technique along with replicated mobile agents to prevent the wireless sensor network from sinkhole attacks. We use mobile agents to aware every node from its trusted neighbors so they do not listen to the traffics generated by malicious nodes. We evaluate our work in terms of packet loss rate, throughput and end to end delay.


This article explores the debate about the virtues and otherwise of luxury in French eighteenth- and nineteenth political thought. I begin by contrasting the views of Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Jean-Francois Melon. In view of the manner in which this argument was developed by Montesquieu, Diderot, Saint-Lambert, and others, I argue that debates about luxury continued into and beyond the French Revolution of 1789. Then, by looking at the writings of Jean-Baptiste Say and Destutt de Tracy the article demonstrates the coninued prominence of debates about luxury in the early years of the nineteenth century and the enduring nature of the arguments posed by Rousseau against immoderate wealth amongst republicans. It concludes by referring to discussions of luxury in the Second Empire.


th to 62 nd weeks of age, at four-week intervals, 36 eggs were selected randomly to determine the concentrations of fatty acids in the yolk. An increase in the levels of both rape seed and rape seed oil in the experimental diets resulted in an increase in the content of n-6 and n-3 fatty acids, as well as in the narrowing of the n-6 : n-3 ratio.