To adequately represent the nonlinearities in the high-dimensional feature space for hyperspectral images (HSIs), we propose a multiple kernel collaborative representation-based classifier (CRC) in this paper. Extended morphological profiles are first extracted from the original HSIs, because they can efficiently capture the spatial and spectral information. In the proposed method, a novel multiple kernel learning (MKL) model is embedded into CRC. Multiple kernel patterns, e.g., Naive, Multimetric, and Multiscale are adopted for the optimal set of basic kernels, which are helpful to capture the useful information from different pixel distributions, kernel metric spaces, and kernel scales. To learn an optimal linear combination of the predefined basic kernels, we add an extra training stage to the typical CRC where kernel weights are jointly learned with the representation coefficients from the training samples by minimizing the representation error. Moreover, by considering different contributions of dictionary atoms, the adaptive representation strategy is applied to the MKL framework via a dissimilarity-weighted regularizer to obtain a more robust representation of test pixels in the fused kernel space. Experimental results on three real HSIs confirm that the proposed classifiers outperform the other state-of-the-art representation-based classifiers.


To evaluate pregnancy outcomes in women with uterine anomalies by applying a method for diagnosing and classifying congenital uterine malformations.


A resource endowment, represented by an index of quality, is placed into a dynamic production model to determine how resource use adjusts to meet sustainability objectives and how production input use changes with fluctuations in resource quality. Impacts of various sustainability objectives and the time path of resource quality are identified and evaluated using substitution, reversibility and uncertainty criteria. Introduction When attempting to sustain natural resources, we find ourselves in a predicament: we want to attain it but cannot agree on what "sustainability" is or how to achieve it. This dilemma is not trivial, for society has a fixed endowment of natural resources and the consequences of miscalculations to current and future generations could be severe. Here we explore the optimal use of a non-renewable natural resource given alternative assumptions about what sustainability means. There are several dimensions of optimal resource use to consider. Resources provide multiple goods and services, both market and nonmarket. Resource quality may vary by region, by firm, and by year. Finally, resource contribution may not be independent from other inputs. That is, some resources can be replaced in production by substitutes. We intend to develop a framework to address these issues and apply it to an empirical example using an index of resource quality. Our objective is to examine three criteria cited in literature, reversibility, uncertainty and substitution, and three sustainability definitions, constant consumption, constant stock, and intergenerational equity. Many have examined these criteria/definitions (Arrow, et al., 1995; Kaufmann, 1995; Pearce and Atkinson, 1993, 1995) but actual empirical studies tend to focus on one or two facets (Abler and Shortle, 1995; Arce-Diaz et al., 1993; Stockle et al., 1994).We provide new insights by looking at a single, comprehensive empirical example. Our framework falls short of a true representation of a "system" but it is designed to address our objectives in an integrated manner. In this paper, we proceed with a discussion about sustainability concepts and a description of our proposed framework. An empirical example follows. Finally, we conclude with a summary of key findings to address several concerns about the sustainability of resource use. Our aim is not to replace previous research but rather to broaden the understanding of how resource quality contributes to and is affected by production decisions in a sustainable environment. 2 A Brief Review of Sustainability Concepts and Criteria Advocates have long debated the meaning of sustainability. Most definitions include economic, environmental or social concerns. Hartwick (1978) and Solow(1974) defined sustainability economically as the ability to maintain constant consumption (or productivity) by substituting between natural resources and manmade capital in production. Pearce and Atkinson(1993, 1995) define it environmentally by stating that natural and manmade capital complement each other in a production process and as natural capital is the limiting factor of production, it must be preserved. Finally, a more general definition states that social welfare must be maintained across present and future generations (WCED, 1987). This definition imposes neither substitutability nor complementary relationships but requires some undefined measure of intergenerational equity to be fulfilled. Three criteria my be used to evaluate these interpretations of sustainability: substitutability, reversibility and uncertainty. Substitutability can be described through technical interdependence (TI) (Beattie and Taylor, 1985). TI denotes how well an input may substitute for another when prices change or when one or more inputs become constrained. If inputs are competitive, an input might substitute for another without necessarily reducing output. But if inputs are complementary, substitution cannot maintain a given level of output. TI is most relevant when inputs are (or are becoming) scarce. If substitutes exist, sustainability may not require conservation. However, complementarity between natural resources and other inputs implies that resource depreciation will likely reduce output. Certain functions dictate the relationships among inputs. All inputs in a Cobb Douglas function, for example, are complementary. The Quadratic allows any one type of relationship to exist. The Transcendental permits both substitution and complementary relationships among inputs


The conversion of CO2 into CO and O2 in a quartz cylindrical packed-bed dielectric reactor has been studied using CO2 and Ar gas mixtures at atmospheric pressure and near ambient temperature with quartz wool, γ-Al2O3, and TiO2 packing. The highest energy efficiencies and conversion rates were observed with TiO2 packing in 20% CO2 in Ar: 30% conversion with 2.9% energy efficiency, and 17.5% conversion with 5.0% energy efficiency. Both γ-Al2O3 and quartz wool also showed an enhancement in conversion over an unpacked reactor. The percentage of CO2 to Ar in the range of 20%–60% is shown to have only a minor effect on reactor performance. Conversion as a function of power input and flow rate is studied in detail for γ-Al2O3 and TiO2 packing with similar particle sizes. In both cases, simple chemical kinetic models show that the CO production rate is nearly equal for both materials, while reverse reaction rates to CO2 are doubled for γ-Al2O3 compared to TiO2. From detailed charge–voltage (Q-V) analysis of all f...


The preprint by Ben Dor et al. presents relevant scientific questions which are within the scope of Climate of the Past. The abstract gives a good summary of the work, which is well written, and has a good structure. The authors present a novel data set of microfacies analysis in two distinct time intervals of the Dead Sea geological history. The time frames were chosen to encompass periods of lake level rise (approx. 18kaBP) and lake level fall (approx. 27 kaBP), which have been proved to react climate sensitively by several previous workers in the region. The microfacies analyzed therein are mm to sub-mm laminae couplets composed of aragonite and detrital sub-layers, and the latter may show several sub-divisions of detrital pulses. In each of the selected time frames, an interval with 700 laminae couplets was counted. The indexes obtained in such a microfacies analyses were the thickness of the individual sub-layers (aragonite and detrital), and hence also implicitly a 'total' thickness, and the number of detrital pulses in one sub-layer. This generates two time-series which potentially hold climate information of distinct synoptic trends, a deglacial situation, and a Heinrich event.


The application of a surface, permeable reactive barrier has been implemented at a remote site in the Canadian Arctic for the remediation of soils and water contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). The initial barrier system was installed in July 2003. Preliminary work in both the field and the laboratory suggested that geotextiles alone may not be adequate for this particular Arctic barrier system, owing to issues related to survivability (specifically the effects of high UV and freeze–thaw) and clogging. Subsequent field and laboratory work demonstrated that granular materials trapped the majority of PCB-contaminated soil without impeding hydraulic performance; however, fines were escaping. Extensive column testing in the laboratory has shown that a nonwoven geotextile filter can be applied with success with a granular permeable reactive barrier system. This paper presents the results of laboratory experiments and field research used in the design of this barrier system.


Molecular structures at interfaces determine interfacial properties.In order to optimize the interfacial structures to achieve improved properties of advanced materials,it is important to characterize molecular structures of interfaces in situ in real time.Recently,a nonlinear optical spectroscopic technique, sum frequency generation(SFG)vibrational spectroscopy,has been developed into a powerful and unique tool to elucidate molecular structures of buried interfaces,including liquid/liquid,solid/liquid,and solid/solid interfaces.In this review,applications of SFG to study molecular structures of complex interfaces such as polymer interfaces and biological interfaces have been discussed.Particularly,molecular surface structural changes of various polymers in water,molecular interactions between polymers and silane model adhesion promoters at interfaces,and structures of buried polymer/polymer as well as polymer/metal interfaces have been presented.In addition,interfacial structures of peptides with varied secondary structures and several representative proteins have been introduced.Interfaces play important roles in many disciplines ranging from chemistry,biology,physics,materials science and engineering,to nanotechnology.The development of a unique technique which can probe molecular structures of complex interfaces in situ greatly impacts the research in these disciplines as well as many interdisciplinary studies.


In this study, a thin layer of TiO2, ZnO, TiO2: ZnO, with and without a buffer layer deposition has been successfully deposited on glass substrate using sol-gel method with a spray coating technique. The optical properties of thin layers of TiO2, ZnO, TiO 2: ZnO, with and without a buffer layer was characterized using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The results showed that thin layer quality of TiO 2: ZnO grown on the glass substrate is better than a thin layer of TiO2 and a thin layer grown on ZnO buffer layer is better than a thin layer grown directly on glass substrates. In addition to the buffer layer can reduce the energy band gap of thin layer. The magnitude of the energy band gap of thin layers of TiO2, ZnO, TiO2: ZnO, ZnO / TiO2, ZnO / TiO2: ZnO each respectively is 3.2 eV; 3.12 eV; 3.08 eV; 3.04 eV and 3.0 eV.


This study evaluated the effects of certain process variables on the properties of tablets prepared from granulations composed of essentially spherical, free-flowing pellets. A complete factorial experimental design was used to indicate the significant main effects and interactions related to water content, extruder speed, extruder screen size, spheronizer speed, and spheronizer residence time on tablet hardness and dissolution rate. This series of experiments demonstrated that changes in process variables, particularly water content, can result in significant differences in the dissolution rate and hardness of tablets composed of 80% drug and 20% binder. The factorial experimental design proved useful in predicting the effects of such changes between the limits producing usable pelletized granulations.


As a successive work of our previous paper,^1the electron transfer matrix element(Vrp)in the oxidation of the simplified model molecule of α-amino carbon-centered radical by O2 has been investigated with ab initio calculation at the level of UHF/6-31 G**.Based on the optimized geometries of the reactgant and the ion-pair complex obtained previously,the reaction heat and the iuner reorganization energy have been obtained by constructing the potential energy curves of reactant and product states considering the solvent effect with the conductor-like screening model(COSMO).The solvent reorganization energy has been estimated using Lippert-Mataga relationship.The calculated results show that the value of Vrp is several times larger than that of RT,which means that the model reaction is an adiabatic one.Theoretical investigation indicates that the solvent effect on the direct electron transfer (ET) process of oxidation of α-amino carbon-centered radical by oxygen is remarkable.


The offal's of (380) slaughtered camels were examined for Hydatidsis in Najaf abattoir between January and December (2002). The total incidence of infection was (17.9%) and it was much higher in older camels (19.23%) while it was (9.16%) in younger ones. The distribution of cysts in lungs, livers, and spleens was (16.5%), (1.57%), and (0.53%) respectively. The fertility rate was (50.2%) which reflect their significance in the epidemiology of the parasite and reveal that those dromedaries Hydatidosis could play a significant role in the epidemiology of infection. INTRODUCTION Hydatidosis caused by the larval stage of the tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus is one of the most important parasitic zoonosis in Iraq (1,2,3) . There were some works, concerning the incidence and prevalence of the disease among domestic animals, a high incidence was recorded in camels by (3,1) it was regarded as scanty incidence. Camels was proclaimed to be one of intermediate hosts that harbour a high percentages of fertile cysts, enabling their meat to be important source of infection (4,5,6,7,8,9) . This work was designed to assess the present status of Echinococcsis in camel's population of Iraq, particularly in Najaf governorate and their neighborhood, with an emphasis on the morphometry, lesion distribution, and the percentage of fertile hydatid cysts in this desert animals. MATERIALS AND METHODS The offals of (380) slaughtered camels from Najaf abattoir were examined between January and December of (2002) for the presence of Hydatid cysts and morphological investigation which involved size, type, and condition of the cysts. Fertile cysts contain protoscolices and/ or daughter cysts; whereas calcified ones like sterile ones contain neither protoscolices nor fluids but contain a cheese like material with calcium deposits and bacterial growths. Microscopic examination using stereomicroscope on cysts preserved in (10%) formalin and opened in Petri-dishes, Were carried out within 24 hours of slaughtering for the presence of protoscolices. RESULT AND DISCUSSION This study revealed that: the percentage of infection with Hydatid cysts in camels was (17.9%), and such result was much less than that reported by (5,6,9) and this could be attributed to the higher number of animals examined in this study. The incidence was (19.23%) among those camels over 5 years old, while it was (9.16%) among young ones below 5 years and this explain that the age of camels play an important role in the rate of infection. Bas.J.Vet.,Res.,Vol.7,No.2,2008 62 In concern with the incidence of affected organs (table 1) lungs, livers, and spleen had a percentages of (16.5%), (1.57%), and (0.53%) respectively, meanwhile the percentages were (1.57%) in both lungs, whereas they were (0.26%) in lung, liver and spleen collectively... these result were similar to that found by (4 and 5). Lung cysts were mostly round shape (70.6%), oval shaped (18.8%) and of variable shape (8.2%), while liver cysts were rounded in (50%), and oval shape in (27.3%). Superficial cysts were more frequent (74.1%) than those in the parenchyma (25.9%) and these results are in agreement with (9) . The fertility rate of examined Hydatid cysts was (50.2%) as shown in table (1 and 2) which reflects their significance in the epidemiology of the parasite and they simulate the result obtained by (5) . It was concluded that dromedaries Hydatidosis could play a significant role in the epidemiology of Echinococcus infection. Table 1: Distribution of cysts in the organs of camels slaughtered at Najaf abattoir Age of animal Total animals examined Number of infected organs and its percentages Lungs Livers Spleen Lung and liver Lung and spleen Lung and liver and spleen Under 5 Years 120 11 (9.2%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%) Over 5 years 260 50 (19.2%) 6 (2.3%) 2 (0.8%) 6 (2.3%) 1 (0.4%) 1 (0.4%) Total 380 61 (16.5%) 6 (1.57%) 2 (0.53%) 6 (1.57%) 1 (0.26%) 1 (0.26%) Table 2: Morphology of Hydrated cysts and its percentages in different organs of camels Organ No. of cysts Shape situation round oval variable surface parenchyma Lung 85 60 (70.6%) 16 (18.0%) 7 (8.2%) 63 (74.1%) 22 (25.9%) Liver 22 11 (50 %) 6 (27.3%) 5 (22.7%) 18 (81.8%) 4 (18.2%) Spleen 4 2 (50 %) 2 (50 %) 0 (0 %) 3 (75 %) 1 (25 %) Bas.J.Vet.,Res.,Vol.7,No.2,2008 63 Table 3: Measurements and Sizes of Cysts from different organs of camels Organ Measurements (cm) Sizes (ml) Min Max Mean Min Max Mean Lung 1.2x1x1 10x7x6 5.1x2x2.8 0.8 276 20.3 Liver 1x0.7x0.3 6x3x2 4x2x2.1 0.3 95.2 12.6 Spleen 1.2x0.8x0.7 2x1.1x0.8 1.5x0.9x0.7 0.5 1.3 0.7 Min = minimum Max = maximum MI = milliliter فجنلا ةرزجم يف لبلإا يف ةيرذعلا ةيئاملا سايكلأا ءادل حسم مٍعاًطإ ذًٍحنا ذبع ذعر تٌزطٍبنا تياعنا تحصنا عزف ة داذغب تعياج ـ يزطٍبنا بطنا تٍهك . قازعنا ، داذغب ةصلاخلا ـن تٍهخاذنا ءاضعلأا ًف تٌرذعنا تٍئاًنا صاٍكلأا ءاد ٍع ثحبهن حبذنا ذعب اي صحف ءازجإ ىح ( 380 ) ٍي صأر مٌَا ًف واعن لولأا ٌىَاكو ًَاثنا ٌىَاك زهش ٍٍب ةرىصحًنا ةزخفهن فجُنا ةرشجي 2002 ءاذنا اذهب تٍهكنا تباصلإا تبظَ ٌأب ذجو ذقو ًه ( 17.9 % ) اُط زبكلأا مبلإا ًف ىهعأ تبظُنا ِذه جَاك ذقو ( ٍي زبكأ 5 ثاىُط ) جَاك اًٍُب ( % 9.16 ) زغصلأا مبلإا ًف ًه لاحطناو ، ذبكنا ، ٍٍخئزنا ًف صاٍكلأا عٌسىح تبظَ جَاكو ،اُط ( %16 ) ، ( % 1.57 ) ، ( % 0.53 ) بٍحزخنا بظح . ًه صاٍكلأا ِذه ًف تبىصخنا تبظَ ٌأب ذجو ذقو ( % 50.2 ) ىنإ زٍشٌ اًي ،ءاذنا اذه تٍئابو ًف اهخًٍهأ ضكعٌ يذناو تٌرذعنا تٍئاًنا صاٍكلأا ءاد راشخَا ًف مبلإا تًٍهأ .


Chick biventer cervicis muscle was chronically denervated for various periods of time. The muscle lost its responses to indirect electrical stimulation on the nerve as expected. It remained responsive to ACh although the contraction force was somewhat reduced, depending on the length of time after denervation. The denervated muscle was approximately 10-fold more sensitive to ACh than the innervated one was. This is presumably due to the reduction of cholinesterase activity in the denervated muscle. The responses of nicotine were reduced much more than those of ACh in denervated muscles. The result supports the hypothesis that ACh is released by nicotine to produce nicotine responses. The residual responses produced by nicotine in denervated muscle could be due to the release of ACh from the fine diffuse nerve fibres which can not be denervated completely with surgical procedures, and to the reduction of cholinesterase activity which potentiates the responses of minute quantities of ACh released by nicotine.


Let f(x1, … , xn) be a positive definite quadratic form of determinant Δ; let M be its minimum value for integers x1, … , xn not all zero; and let 2s be the number of times this minimum is attained, i.e., the number of solutions of the Diophantine equation


This study aims at examining the cadmium metal adsorption using oil palm kernel shell biochar activated with liquid smoke. Charcoal was prepared through the pyrolysis of oil palm shells at a temperature of 380-400°C. In addition to producing charcoal, this process also produced liquid smoke from the vapor condensed in the condenser unit. Charcoal was crushed using a ball mill and was activated by immersing it in a liquid smoke solution for 24 hours to produce activated carbon, which was then characterized by Fourier Transform-Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The activated carbon was used to adsorb cadmium at various initial concentrations (30 to 150 ppm), various contact time (from 30 to 180 minutes), and stirring speeds (100 and 150 rpm). The results show that adsorption efficiency was influenced by contact time and initial concentration. Maximum adsorption efficiency (95%) was obtained at 180 minutes of contact time and 60 ppm initial concentration. The results of the evaluation of the equilibrium models show that Langmuir isotherm was more suitable (constant correlation = 0.915) to describe cadmium adsorption, with maximum adsorption capacity (qm) and Langmuir constants at 14.8 g/mg and 0.131 mg/g respectively.


A simple and atraumatic method for passing the pedicle from a free flap through a subcutaneous tunnel using a modified Yankauer sucker tube is described.


The manuscript: history physical description contents scribes scribal practices. The text: textual relationships the attribution to Abingdon. Language: the language of hands 1-7 orthography phonology morphology the language of hand 8 orthography accidence. Conventions of editing.


Although the fortunes of Social Credit in Canada have been well researched, a gap has existed in that no study has been made of the English origins of the movement. John L. Finlay fills that gap and also relates the movement to the wider currents of twentieth-century intellectual development. His purpose is primarily to explain the appeal of Social Credit rather than to present its history, although he certainly provides a wealth of interesting information and references for the historian. Having established the background and traced the different but overlapping critiques of orthodoxy that eventually fed into the Social Credit case, the author establishes that case, seeking to defend it against some of the unfair attacks made upon it and linking it to the personality of its founder, Major C. H. Douglas. He analyses the responses to Social Credit of well-known intellectuals, politicians, and clergymen and presents in vivid biographical sketches many of the underground political thinkers of whom little has hitherto been written. He suggests that a common thread of quasi anarchism has run through the movement and indicates that, far from being reactionary, the doctrine may in fact be very up to date.


The crux of image reflection removal stems from the difficulty of recognizing the diverse reflection patterns. Typical methods optimize the modeling of background restoration by performing low-level supervision on the restored image to minimize its per-pixel difference from the groundtruth, which re-lies on substantial training samples to learn diverse reflection patterns robustly and avoid overfitting spurious reflection patterns. In this work, we perform supervision on the contrastive distribution between the predicted background and the reflection image. Specifically, our proposed method restores the background and the reflection images in parallel, and seeks to maximize the distribution consistency between the predicted background-reflection contrast and the groundtruth contrast in the latent space. Such supervision pushes the model to focus on contrastive modeling between the background and reflection image. Extensive experiments on four real-world bench-marks demonstrate that our method consistently outperforms state-of-the-art methods.


Evaluation of the relationship between radiological progression of cerebral contusion and clinical course is the object of many recent studies. The aim of the study is to identify factors that are associated with clinical deterioration in patients with brain contusions. Materials and methods. The study included 148 patients with brain injuries, who were treated at the Kiev City Clinical Emergency Hospital in 2016–2017. Results. 43.9 % patients were in conscious or obtunded, 31.8 % were in stupor and 24.3 % in a coma. The average time to computed tomography was 4.3 ± 3.3 hours. Brain damage according to Marshall classification: type II – 60.8 %, type III – 26.4 %, IV – 8.8 %, type VI – 4.1 % patients, types I and V belonged to exclusion criteria. In the first 24 hours, clinical deterioration was found in 18.9 %, improvement in 16.2 % and stable neurological status in 64.8 % patients. Another 5.4 % patients worsened after the first day (on days 2–8). The cause of the clinical deterioration was the hemorrhagic progression of contusion, the increase of the epi-subdural hematoma, and brain edema. An analysis of treatment outcomes in patients with clinical deterioration revealed a higher risk of adverse outcome (1–3 points on the Glasgow outcome scale at discharge) compared to patients without clinical deterioration. Conclusions. Low Glasgow coma scale score at admission, the size of the contusion more than 25 ml, midline shift, basal cisterns compression and epidural hematoma were the risk factors of the clinical deterioration. The early determination of secondary hemorrhagic progression of contusion and clinical deterioration with modification of treatment strategy are important in improving the prognosis after traumatic brain injury.


The Next Generation Network is envisioned as combining current wireless heterogeneous networks into an all-encompassing IP-based infrastructure conducive to the interworking of these differing access networks. The IMS is foreseen as being the signal plane to this all-IP Core infrastructure. This integration would largely enable mobility. An important aspect of this 'Heterogeneous Mobility' is Vertical Handover. Vertical Handover is applicable to Wireless Mesh Networks and Cellular Networks since they are symbiotic technologies, yet it is currently ineffective. I propose Vertical Handover to Wireless Mesh Networks using the IMS, that is, applying SIP to the research challenge.


The similarity between Random Telegraph Noise and Negative Bias Temperature Instability (NBTI) relaxation is further demonstrated by the observation of exponentially-distributed threshold voltage shifts corresponding to single-carrier discharges in NBTI transients in deeply scaled pFETs. A SPICE-based simplified channel percolation model is devised to confirm this behavior. The overall device-to-device ΔVth distribution following NBTI stress is argued to be a convolution of exponential distributions of uncorrelated individual charged defects Poisson-distributed in number. An analytical description of the total NBTI threshold voltage shift distribution is derived, allowing, among other things, linking its first two moments with the average number of defects per device.


Recent progress in the theory of magnetism and electron correlations is reviewed to clarify the theories developed in the last decade and their mutual relations. A historical development of the theory of magnetism is outlined, and the dynamical coherent potential approximation (CPA) which completely takes account of the dynamical spin and charge fluctuations within the single-site approximation is introduced. Both the dynamical effects on various magnetic properties and the many-body band structure are shown to be explained on the same footing. It is shown that the dynamical CPA is equivalent to the other single-site theories of strongly correlated electrons: the many-body CPA, the dynamical mean-field theory (DMFT), and the projection operator method CPA (PM-CPA). These theories are elucidated with use of a common concept of effective medium or coherent potential. The effects of orbital degeneracy and the realistic calculation scheme are discussed with an emphasis on Hund's rule coupling. Non-local theories of magnetism and electron correlations which go beyond the single-site approximation are presented. They include the molecular dynamics approach to the magnetic short range order, the dynamical cluster methods as a direct extension of the DMFT, and the self-consistent projection operator approach as an extension of the PM-CPA with use of the incremental cluster expansion. The current problems of their approaches and their future perspective are discussed.


The expression of inhibin-&agr; subunit has been described in normal placentas, hydatidiform moles, and trophoblastic tumors. We performed a double immunohistochemical expression analysis of inhibin-&agr; and inhibin-&bgr; subunits in a cytogenetically well characterized series of 21 complete and 22 partial hydatidiform moles, 2 placental site trophoblastic tumors, and one choriocarcinoma. Syncytiotrophoblastic cells were consistently inhibin-&agr; and inhibin-&bgr; positive in all hydatidiform moles and in the one choriocarcinoma. Cytotrophoblast was negative for both subunits in all trophoblastic lesions studied. While villous intermediate trophoblastic cells were consistently inhibin-&agr; negative in all hydatidiform moles, focal inhibin-&bgr; immunoreactivity was detected in villous intermediate trophoblast in approximately one third of complete and partial hydatidiform moles. Decidual stromal cells in 40 hydatidiform moles were inhibin-&agr; and inhibin-&bgr; positive in approximately one third of cases. Both placental site trophoblastic tumors were inhibin-&agr; positive but inhibin-&bgr; negative. Our findings indicate that inhibin-&agr; and -&bgr; subunits are consistently coexpressed in syncytiotrophoblast in complete and partial moles. Immunohistochemical detection of inhibin subunits may be useful in the differential diagnosis of trophoblastic lesions.


Let 𝒜1 be the class of all unital separable simple C∗-algebras A such that A ⊗ U has tracial rank no more than one for all UHF-algebra U of infinite type. It has been shown that all amenable 𝒵-stable C∗-algebras in 𝒜1 which satisfy the Universal Coefficient Theorem can be classified up to isomorphism by the Elliott invariant. In this note, we show that A ∈𝒜1 if and only if A ⊗ B has tracial rank no more than one for some unital simple infinite dimensional AF-algebra B. In fact, we show that A ∈𝒜1 if and only if A ⊗ B ∈𝒜1 for some unital simple AH-algebra B. We actually prove a more general result. Other results regarding the tensor products of C∗-algebras in 𝒜1 are also obtained.


Objective The value of laparoscopic ultrasonographic scanning (LUS) in laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) and the way of scanning extrahepatic biliary system were reported. Methods 80 patients with gallstone receiving LC had real- time color Doppler LUS of the extrahepatic biliary system. Results The sonic picture of major extrahepatic bile duct could be clearly visualized by LUS. While the image of the part posterior to duodenum could also be seen satisfactory with the method modified by the authors. But viewing the image of exact cystic duct needs further study.Conclusion LUS gives distinct intraoperative sonographic images of extrahepatic bile ducts , thereby the operator can precisely locate the ducts without injurying them. LUS can be considered as an important and safe supplement to LC.


Letterer-Siwe disease was first described by Letterer in 1924. It usually presents in children under 3 years of age and is characterized by the majority of the following features: fever, anaemia, iymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, otitis media, recurrent bacterial infections, haemorrhage, osteolytic lesions in bones, and a distinctive cutaneous eruption. The pathology shows multisystem infiltration by differentiated histiocytes. However, the disease is not always fatal. In one series 177% of ninety-six patients were well 3 years after the onset ofthe disease (Doede & Rappaport, 1967) and in another seven of eighteen patients with seven or more organs involved survived (Lahey, 1975). Letterer-Siwe disease is now grouped with Hand-SchuUer-Christian Disease and eosinophilic granuloma in the spectrum of histiocytosis X (Table i). Farber (1941) first suggested that all three conditions were part of the same disease spectrum and because of the difficulty


Translation of medical texts poses several challenges to undergraduate student-translators due to multiple Arabic equivalents to English medical terms. For medical terms such as clinical, intensive care, polyp, and osteoporosis several Arabic equivalents exist. A sample of English medical terms with multiple Arabic equivalents was collected from several English-Arabic medical dictionaries to find out the types of multiple Arabic equivalents given, the shortcomings of Arabic equivalents, and the difficulties that students have with multiple Arabic equivalents. Two lists of categories with definitions and examples were developed and used in classifying and evaluating the equivalents. In addition, students answered an Arabic medical terminology test and responded to a questionnaire-survey to find out their difficulties. Results of the analysis and evaluation of the Arabic equivalents, medical terminology test, and responses to the questionnaire-survey are reported in detail. Recommendations for translation instruction are also given.


Metastatic adenocarcinoma of jaw-bone accounts for 1-3% and is commonly seen in the fifth and sixth decades. Most metastases of the oral cavity from primary locations have been described in the lungs, breasts, kidneys, and colon in adult patients. Oral Clinicians apart from diagnosing systemic diseases like diabetes, gastrointestinal disorders etc, could be the first ones to diagnose malignancies of different parts of the body before any oncologist and general physicians. Specialized imaging like PET/CT aids in diagnosing the primary tumor in such cases. To increase the survival time of such patients extensive mandibulectomy followed by other multimodal treatment options like palliative care should be considered. Here, in this paper, we aim to present a case of a young 24-year- old female with a metastatic tumor of the mandible that ultimately gave us the roadmap for diagnosing the primary tumor of the breast and also to review the literature of such cases.


Objectives: to describe the characteristics of the life project to the maternity in teenagers with active or not sexual life from high school and from a center of attention for teenager mother in the city of Cartagena. Methodology: quantitative standpoint. Not experimental type, cross-sectional descriptive knowledge, the data was obtained from a survey involving 75 female teenagers from 14 to 19 years old. The data was stored and analyzed by the statistical program SPSS. Results: according the obtained risk score it was noted that the minimal score was 10 and the highest 21, thus, a 25% of the females assessed got equals scores or up to 17 which indicates that the teenager are found in ―high risk‖ regarding their sexual behavior. This score is located in Q3 which means 75 percentile. Conclusion: in terms of life project according to the maternity no difference was found (motivations, perceptions and projections) in the teenagers with sexual initiation or not sexual life. Responses changes by age ranges in teenagers with sexual initiation were found; from 14 to 17 years old, consider that they must achieve their life project according to their expectations and from 18 to 19 years old, see maternity as a development option from their life project.


We present a variant of the Yin-Yang-Pair Optimization metaheuristic which accommodates computationally expensive numerical optimization problems more effectively. The variations are directed at simplifying the algorithm as well as enabling it to utilize functional evaluations more efficiently. The performance of Reduced Yin-Yang-Pair Optimization is tested on the functions used for the CEC 2016 Special Session on Bound Constrained Single-Objective Computationally Expensive Numerical Optimization. Additionally, the performance of the algorithm is evaluated based on the criteria specified for the same. The RYYPO is shown to have a significantly low time complexity while simultaneously providing highly competitive performance.


The CBM Collaboration proposes to build a dedicated heavy-ion experiment to investigate the properties of highly compressed baryonic matter as it is produced in nucleus-nucleus collisions at the future accelerator facility in Darmstadt. Our goal is to explore the QCD phase diagram in the region of moderate temperatures but very high baryon densities. The envisaged research program includes the study of key questions of QCD like confinement, chiral symmetry restoration and the nuclear equation of state at high densities. The most promising diagnostic probes are vector mesons decaying into dilepton pairs, strangeness and charm. We intend to perform comprehensive measurements of hadrons, electrons and photons created in collisions of heavy nuclei. CBM will be a fixed target experiment which covers a large fraction of the populated phase space. The major experimental challenge is posed by the extremely high reaction rates of up to 10 7 events/second. These conditions require unprecedented detector performances concerning speed and radiation hardness. The detector layout comprises a high resolution Silicon Tracking System in a magnetic dipole field for particle momentum and vertex determination, Ring Imaging Cherenkov Detectors and Transition Radiation Detectors for the identification of electrons, an array of Resistive Plate Chambers for hadron identification via TOF measurements, and an electromagnetic calorimeter for the identification of electrons, photons and muons. The detector signals are processed by a high-speed data acquisition and trigger system. The base of this document is the Conceptual Design Report (CDR) on " An International Accelerator Facility for Beams of Ions and Antiprotons ". The CDR includes the motivation for and the physics programme of the Compressed Baryonic Matter experiment, the experimental observables, a preliminary sketch of the experimental setup, the required properties of the detector subsystems and first results of feasibility studies. This Letter of Intent contains an update of the detector concept, recent results of feasibility studies and detector developments, and the definition of working packages and responsibilities.


With the purpose of verifying the real Brazilian scenario regarding the body of effective servants of criminal services, bibliographical research was carried out and the information provided by government agencies responsible for measuring the amount of personnel involved in the national penitentiary treatment was carried out. From this perspective, relevant information was gathered on the current situation of the prison system, which involves rates and indicators of violence in the country, forms of management applied in all the Federated States, means of insertion into the criminal service, training of servants, absenteeism and sense of imprisonment experienced by the prison servant. The ideal and acceptable effectiveness of the proper functioning of penal institutions was verified.


This paper presents the implementation of a real time estimator for the mutual inductance and rotor resistance of an induction motor using an extended Kalman filter. Both digital computer simulation and laboratory experiments shown the good performance of the algorithm. The estimator for both rotor resistance and mutual inductance was implemented in an experimental test-bed integrated with a 1-HP squirrel-cage induction motor, an inertial and frictional load, a commercial PWM inverter, and a data acquisition system driven by the MATRIX-X package. The interesting features of the estimator are that: the method provides, using only one Kalman filter, estimations of the rotor current together with the identification of the parameters (mutual inductance and rotor resistance); the system does not require special test signals since the PWM inverter generates significant harmonics itself; the measurements required are stator current and rotor speed which could be either constant or time varying; the assumed standard induction motor model is expressed in d-q rotor coordinates; the covariance matrices of the filter play an important role in the design; since the model of the system is nonlinear the matrices have to be chosen in such a way that the convergency of the estimator is achieved; and the real time Kalman filter could be useful for the design of self-tuning drives, routine electrical tests and failure diagnostics in the electric part of the motor.


The present research project was carried out in the Valencia province of Los Rios, whose general objective is to analyze the different aspects of mechanical transformation and commercialization of wood; for which 10 establishments were identified to which a survey was conducted to their owners in order to identify them by their category, type of establishment, machinery used, volume of products, volume of wood commercialized purchase and sale (m3), origin of wood, main suppliers, quantity of workers, among others.

The main machineries used in the establishments are the circular saw, the polisher, planer and moulder, with which they work with the mechanical transformation of the wood. One of the results obtained in this research is that the most commonly used species were determined in the establishments of the canton; such as: Schizolobium parahybum (Vell.) S.F.Blake (pachaco), Maclura tinctoria (L.) D.Don ex Steud (fine moral), Tectona grandis L.f. (teak), Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pav.) Oken (laurel), Tabebuia Donnell Smithii (Rose) (white guayacan).

The establishments identified were categorized as small, medium and large, in the canton Valencia there are ten establishments of which nine are small (0 m3 to 20 m3) and one medium (21 m3 to 50 m3) being the Quevedo canton with 47% and the parish the Vergel with 32% those that supply with greater amount of wood to all the establishments of the Valencia city.

In the one-year extrapolation of the average purchase and sale volume of the establishments, the result was a purchase volume of 376.68 m3 and a sale of 210.96 m3 which, compared to other cantons such as Quevedo, La Mana, Ventanas and Good Faith that have high values of consumption Valencia has small values.


This paper presents control and performance of a pulse density-modulated (PDM) series-resonant voltage-source inverter developed for corona discharge processes. The PDM inverter produces either a square-wave a voltage state or a zero-voltage state at its AC terminals to control the average output voltage under constant DC voltage and operating frequency. This results in a wide range of power control from 0.5% to 100% even in the corona discharge load with a strong nonlinear characteristics. A 30 kHz, 8 kW surface treatment system consisting of a voltage-source PDM inverter, a step-up transformer and a corona discharge treater shows the establishment of a stable corona discharge in an extremely wide range of power control, and therefore succeeds in performing both strong and weak surface treatment processes for film.


To the Editor: Mucosal candidiasis that is refractory to treatment with fluconazole is an increasingly common complication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. In many cases, none of the available oral antifungal agents are effective; in some cases, even intravenous amphotericin B provides only partial relief. We describe a patient with fluconazole-resistant mucosal candidiasis whose infection resolved after the initiation of treatment with an antiretroviral agent combined with a protease inhibitor. A 34-year-old man with HIV infection had CD4 counts of 4 to 10 cells per cubic millimeter from November 1991 to January 1996. He received didanosine from January 1992 . . .


The invention discloses an independently-guided type piston valve which tends to be uniform in opening speed and closing speed, is simple in structure, and easy to assemble. While an independently-guided piston with a sealing ring on an independently-guided valve moves up and down under external force in a piston cavity with a limiting platform on the inner wall, part of a fluid medium in a water inlet tube on a main valve passes through an independently-guided opening, a filter screen, an opening gasket, a branch tube, a water inlet, a communication chamber, a water outlet and a channel B to enter a chamber B or the fluid medium in the chamber B passes through the channel B and the water outlet, and then is discharged from a water drainage opening in the piston cavity, thereby changing pressure in the chamber B, which is divided into a chamber body A and a chamber body B by a separator, in the main valve, and changing the position at which the separator is located; by virtue of the separator, tube openings of the water inlet tube and the water outlet tube on the main valve are in a closed state or an open state; a reverse pulse channel arranged on the chamber B can output a pulse signal to a pressure detector or an automatic control device and the like; and an arranged fast-plug connector can be conveniently connected with other equipment.


Universal Mobile Telecommunication Systems (UMTS) known as Third Generation (3G) mobile phone systems using Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) standard aim to provide a high bit rate of services to enable a high quality of multimedia communications. The 3G specification entity, 3GPP, has defined a reliable link layer protocol, Radio Link Control (RLC), for hiding transmission errors from upper layers. Due to the complexity of the protocol and the a number of parameter configurations available, there are many ways that can degrade a system performance, such as incorrect parameters configuration, buffer missmanagement, protocol stalling, etc. MPEG-4 is widely used for video stream services due to its good video quality at low bit rate. In this paper, we have studied on the impacts of RLC parameters, especially RLC timer and polling mechanism, for MPEG-4 video stream transmission by using a computer simulation. Our simulation results provide some suggestions value to optimize such parameters, e.g. RLC time and polling.


The scheduling of on-line cleaning interventions in the individual exchangers in a heat exchanger network can be based on a-priori knowledge of the time behaviour of the thermal resistance of fouling. Heat exchanger cleaning is postulated to maximise the avoided loss understood as the value of energy recovered if cleaning the heat exchanger network (HEN), minus the value of energy recovered without HEN cleaning, minus the cost of HEN cleaning. The optimal scheduling of cleaning interventions is presented on the example of Crude Distillation Unit where the HEN is composed of 31 exchangers and 26 process streams.


Allocation the group of risk of development age-related macular degenerations (AMD) in subclinical stages on the basis of presence of risk factors and definition of level of Macular Pigment Optical Density (MPOD). As a result of research it is revealed that at 44,7 % of persons of able-bodied age level MPOD is below norm that allows to carry them to group of high risk of development AMD and serves as a substantiation of preventive actions.


Container (2) having a flexible wall and projecting at least one in the space surrounded by the flexible wall container interior (6) electrical sensor (3, 3 ', 3' ', 3' '', 3 '' ''), wherein between at least can be determined by two electrically conductive plates (8, 8 ', 9, 9', 9 '' ') the conductivity or impedance of the plates (8, 8', 9, 9 ', 9' '') surrounding medium, the plates (8, 8 ', 9, 9', 9 '' ') via connecting lines (10, 11) arranged with an outside of the container interior (6) and control unit (4) are connected, characterized, that at least a first plate (8, 8 ') to a closed, free end of a first casing (5, 5', 5 '' '') is arranged with an exposed to the surrounding medium contact surface and that the envelope (5, 5 ', 5' '' ', 17, 17' '') adjustable in length and as a flexible hose (7) or bellows (19, 19 '' '') is formed, through which the electrical connecting line (10, 11) of the plate (8, 8 ', 9, 9', 9 '' ') is guided to the outside.


The study is devoted to the consideration of the features of the development of coherent oral Russian speech of students in social reality. Many theoretical works are devoted to the study of the theoretical and methodological foundations of the development of coherent Russian speech, since correct, normalized speech allows you to effectively interact in all spheres of life. Without a high level of speech skills, it is impossible to argue and develop freely, speech should not be con-strained, which, in turn, will allow a more thorough approach to the substantive side of the process of speech activity. In order to identify the level of development of oral Russian speech and solve problems, we present an analysis of pedagogical research in the form of a control discussion on a given topic. We also describe the basics of the working methods at the preparatory stage of the discussion as one of the forms for the implementation of coherent oral Russian speech. The results of the study showed that without preliminary preparation for oral utterance under the strict guidance of a teacher, students make a significant number of errors and shortcomings, among which we can especially note: lexical, punctuation, intonation, and logical. Based on the results of the study, we state that the most important components of the process of oral Russian speech development are pre-training and the teacher's word, which has a significant positive effect on the development and development of students' coherent oral speech. The theoretical and practical significance of the presented study lies, first of all, in the fact that it has a scientific and cognitive value.


FIELD: electricity. SUBSTANCE: method involves identifying a contiguous sub-sequence in the sequence of integers, wherein said sub-sequence comprises interrelated integers having the same prefix to be variable-length encoded and an independent last integer; forming a code for the contiguous sub-sequence using a code for an indication of the number of interrelated integers in said contiguous subsequence, a code of a prefix indication and the suffixes of variable length codes of the integers in the contiguous is sub-sequence. Thus, if there are n integers of which each is encoded with the same prefix then, instead of n individual prefixes for the integers, a single prefix for the contiguous subsequence is sufficient. EFFECT: high efficiency of encoding, associated with arbitrary computational sequences. 15 cl, 4 dwg, 5 tbl


=1 S/cm. The composition of this complex wasnot verified because the amount of crystals obtainedwas insufficient for performing a micro-analysis ofthe chemical composition and a single crystal of ahigh quality suitable for X-ray structural analysiswas not obtained. These are the common difficul-ties which are usually faced in the characterizationof a PO complex. These problems can be largelyovercome by using laser Raman spectroscopy inconjunction with an optical microscope attach-ment, a low power laser source (0.06~6 mW) and ahighly sensitive CCD area detector. This equipmentconstitutes a very powerful tool for carrying out arapid and non-destructive characterization of a POcomplex.ET(ethylenedithiotetrathiafulvalene) based radicalcation salts


In this letter, we demonstrate for the first time that the Fermi-level pinning caused by the formation of Ta(N)-Si bonds at the TaN/SiO/sub 2/ interface is responsible for the thermal instability of the effective work function of TaN in TaN/SiO/sub 2/ devices after high temperature rapid thermal annealing (RTA). Because of weak charge transfer between Hf and Ta(N) and hence negligible pinning effect at the TaN/HfO/sub 2/ interface, the effective work function of TaN is significantly more thermally stable on HfO/sub 2/ than on SiO/sub 2/ dielectric during RTA. This finding provides a guideline for the work function tuning and the integration of metal gate with high-/spl kappa/ dielectric for advanced CMOS devices.


The period of complementary feeding in infants can be described as a gradual transition from an exclusive milk diet to a complete range of foods eaten by adults and has been recommended to begin after six months of exclusive breast feeding. Dietary elements such as Ca, N, Fe and Na; are important nutrients in complementary nutrition not just as food 'component' but such that must be optimally absorbed from the gut if physiological functionality is desired. Therefore, the bioavailability of these nutrients in CF and BF were investigated using Male Wistar-strain weaning rat model. During the study, which lasted for 7days; weight gained, amount of food consumed, food efficiency and the respective bioavailability of Ca, N, Fe and Na were investigated using standard experimental procedures. The results show that significantly higher ((p≤ 0.05) quantities of CF and rat chow were consumed compared to BF. Meanwhile, there was no significant difference between quantity of CF consumed, and that of rat chow. Although the animals fed BF showed lower growth rate and weight gain than those fed CF and rat chow; the FER was highest in CF but least in rat chow, and seemed to increase with days until a retardation point when growth and development rates were no longer as rapid as they were previously. Ca is significantly more bioavailable in BF (99.775 ± 0.050) than in CF (86.386 ± 7.067) at p≤ 0.05. Although N and Fe are more bioavailable in animals fed CF than in those fed BF, the difference thereof was of no significant import. However, the bioavailability of Na among the two animal groups studied was significantly higher in animals fed CF (99.200 ± 1.506) than in those fed BF (68.475 ± 36.234). Both CF and BF were physiologically supportive to growth and development though, experimental animals fed CF showed higher weight gained than those fed BF and the mineral nutrients studied were optimally absorbed in the gut. This implied that with the right processing method(s) and informed formulation, locally formulated complementary food could also adequately support growth and development even in infants.


Literature highlights the fact that degradation curves are frequently not linear. This technical knowledge is, however, neglected by developers, which continues to use simplified linear degradation rates to assess the profitability of solar photovoltaic (PV) projects. Herein, the unleveraged equity interest return rate (IRR) of utility‐scale (50 MWp in size) PV projects deployed in different parts of Europe is computed and a sensitivity analysis of how the profitability of the plant is impacted when nonlinear degradation curves are used is carried out. In general, a 2‐step performance loss curve leads to the highest project‐IRRs at equal total loss, whereas the lowest IRRs are achieved if module degradation is undergoing a negative logarithmic or exponential curve. Further, the sensitivity of profitability to the different degradation trajectories increases at higher latitudes for which the absolute project‐IRR is lower. Then, a similar analysis is performed mimicking situations that would lead to a significant revamping of the PV plant after 10 years of operation. This allows us to identify thresholds for overall module degradation that would justify this kind of intervention. Finally, the impact that loss rates and combined operation–maintenance and insurance costs have on the project IRR is highlighted.


This paper analyzes the information value of a credit watchlist in the Korean credit rating market. Credit rating agencies issue credit watches to indicate the direction of ratings changes within a short time horizon of three months on average. Credit watches are marked as either up, down, or uncertain. A watch is usually triggered by discrete corporate events such as mergers, acquisitions, restructuring, and announcements of plans expected to affect credit quality, or by trends in the issuer's operations or financial weaknesses such as financial performance, liquidity and leverage, and accounting fraud. The watchlist either improves the information-certification role of credit ratings (delivering information), or allows rating agencies to influence the risky choices of issuing firms by threatening them with imminent rating downgrades and subsequent investor reactions (implicit contract). This study tests these two different explanatory lines to determine the information value of the credit watchlist. This study also identifies the features of firms with rating changes that are preceded by credit watches, and the factors affecting the agreement between a credit watch and subsequent rating changes. In addition, it examines whether the market reaction to rating changes depends on whether it is preceded by a negative credit watch. It is observed that there is a greater proportion of credit watches marked as "down" in Korea than in the US, and that the credit watchlist has been * Corresponding Author. Address: Dongguk University, 30, 1Gil, Phildong-ro, Jung-gu, Seoul 04620, Korea; E-mail: email@example.com; Tel: 82-2-2260-8589. This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea Grant funded by the Korean Government (NRF-2014S1A5A2A01015038).


This paper explains the way in which we design and implement the subject-oriented patent analysis system.As needed by the patent data analysis,the patent data are extracted and storaged into local patent database.Then the database is cleaned and transformed into underlying patent database.On the basis of different analysis subject models,a data mart is established with the patent data extracted from the underlying database.Finally,a multi-dimensional cube and Key Performance Indicators are built within the data mart.With the system,users can draw the patent map with which patent data are analyzed automatically from different subjects.


This paper presents a new experimental investigation to study the effect of lightning strikes on optical fibres installed in overhead line shield/ground wires. High current laboratory experiments were set up at Cardiff University's Morgan-Botti Lightning Laboratory, where the A, B, C, D waveforms, as recommended by current aerospace standards, can be generated. The test source consists of capacitive current generators able to deliver up 220 kA into short circuit. Two types of optical ground wire (OPGW) test conductors were used: OPGW-DABB 48E9 (AA/ACS 100/33) and OPGW-DABB 48E9 (AA/ACS 148/35). Various lengths of the test conductors were used in the experimental investigation (6 to 18 m). The rate of change of state of polarisation (SOP) of light in the fibre was measured using a specialist polariser meter system when lightning impulse currents of varying magnitudes were applied to the OPGW conductors. Preliminary test results show significant effects.


In graph analysis, the Shortest Path problem identifies the optimal, most cost effective, path between two nodes. This problem has been the object of many studies and extensions in heterogeneous domains such as: speech recognition, social network analysis, biological sequence alignment, path planning, or zerosum games among others. Although the shortest path focuses on the optimal cost of reaching a destination node, it does not take into account other useful information contained on the graph, such as the degree of connectivity of two nodes. On the other hand, measures taking connectivity information into account have their own drawbacks, specially when graphs become large. A new family of distances which interpolates between both extremes is introduced by the Randomized Shortest Path (RSP) framework. By spreading randomization through a graph, the RSP leads to applications where some degree of randomness would be desired. Through this work, we try to investigate whether the RSP fr... Document type : Thèse (Dissertation) Référence bibliographique García Díez, Silvia. Randomized shortest paths and their applications. Prom. : Saerens, Marco Randomized Shortest Paths on graphs and their applications by Silvia Garćıa Dı́ez Thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor in Engineering Sciences of the Université catholique de Louvain


Cellulose acetate butyrates(CAB) were homogeneously synthesized in an ionic liquid,1-allyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride(AmimC1).By a sequence of first adding butyric anhydride and then acetic anhydride in the cellulose/AmimCl solutions,CAB products with the butyryl contents ranging from 33% to 47%(mass) were obtained.NMR analysis showed that among the three OH groups of the anhydroglucose unit(AGU) of the synthesized CAB,the distribution of the butyryl moieties showed a preference at the C6 position,while the partial degree of substitution of acetyl moieties at the C6 position showed the minimum values.Solubility measurement showed that CAB samples readily dissolved in the common organic solvents,such as methyl ethyl ketone,dichloromethane,and ethyl acetate.


The invention provides a paper width identification method, which comprises the following steps: judging whether paper is transmitted into a paper box; if so, adjusting a width adjusting device and linking to drive a width guide part to move so as to cause the width guide part to contact with both sides of the paper; and utilizing a sensor to sense a position identification structure on the width adjusting device, which corresponds to the sensor, so as to determine the paper width according the position identification structure. The invention further provides a printing device. According to the printing device and the method, the sensor is used for detecting positions of a width adjusting component and a linkage mechanism thereof to determine the paper width, and judging whether the paper width conforms to the printing setting according to the paper width so as to prevent waste of ink and paper.


The article provides an in-depth review of the scientific literature devoted to the analysis of the values of students of Russian universities engaged in volunteering. The conclusions of an experimental study that was conducted to solve the problem of determining the factors that contribute to the orientation of young people to volunteer activities are formulated (on the basis of the "Questionnaire of Terminal Values" by I.G. Senin). The evaluation of the results of the mathematical and statistical analysis of the questionnaires by 400 respondents (from 19 to 26 years of age, including 184 men and 216 women) confirms the theory that there are significant differences in the structures of personal values of youth engaged in volunteer activities and those who are not prone to it. In addition, the weak influence of the gender factor was revealed, as well as a slight relationship between the work experience of Russian university students in volunteer organizations and some values, whose position in the value hierarchy of newcomers and experienced volunteers does not coincide.


INTRODUCTION: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a serious disease that affects
about 10% of world population. It is due to irreversible loss of kidney function, so
necessitating the patient's need of dialysis treatment and since 2010, in Brazil, the
rate of patients on dialysis is growing by 3% each year. About 93% of the treatment
is funded by SUS which corresponds to 10% of the Health Ministry´s budget. The
main causes of CKD in Brazil and in the world are diabetes mellitus and arterial
hypertension, followed by glomerulopathies. The alterations can be complicated by
conditions of tissue hypoxia, which can be intensified by the sickle cell disease.
Individuals with sickle cell trait, although asymptomatic may present these clinical
features in extreme conditions such as intense and prolonged physical activities.
AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between sickle cell trait
and progression of CKD in patients on hemodialysis (HD) in Salvador, Bahia.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional cohort study was conducted from
May 2014 to November 2015. The subjects consisted of 394 of both sexes with
chronic renal failure on hemodialysis sessions for up to three years and treated in
hospitals and clinics of reference such as the Institute of Nephrology and Dialysis
(INED), Ana Nery's Hospital (HAN) and Roberto Santos General Hospital (HGRS).
5mls of whole blood was collected from each patient to characterize the hemoglobin
variants profile by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). As a control
group, the results of neonatal screening tests of APAE performed on newborns in
Salvador 2012-2014 were used. RESULTS: The frequency of HbAS was significantly
higher in hemodialysis patients (10.2%) compared to the control group (5.05%) OR:
2.04 95% CI (1.35 to 2.99). When comparing patients with CKD with and without
sickle cell trait, there was no difference in relation to the distribution of sex (men
57.6% vs 50%, respectively, p = 0.43). The mean age was not different between the
two groups (52 ± 1 years vs 56 ± 2, p = 0.21). CONCLUSIONS: The frequency of the
sickle cell trait is higher in patients with CKD on hemodialysis compared to the
general population. Studies assessing the impact and pathophysiology of renal
disease in patients with sickle cell trait can provide important information for
developing strategies to prevent the progression of CKD to end-stage renal disease.


Thiolysis of thiiranes I with thiophenols II is performed efficiently in the presence of β-cyclodextrin in water with high regioselectivity (Scheme, Table).


This paper proposes a mathematic model of time series production simulation, and presents a case study of the Shandong power grid and investigates the role of demand-side resources in ensuring power supply. Based on the supply-demand analysis method and the design of the demand-side resource regulation plan, the demand response of the Shandong power grid can essentially meet the power balance requirements by 2025 under the baseline scenario. Under the extreme scenario, the power deficit can also be addressed by orderly power consumption. It is suggested to pay more attention to the development and utilization of demand-side resources.


Educational systems at all levels are oriented by a scientifically minded business ethos and ideology. This is incorporated in a desire for, and practices of, technological solutions, managerial accountability, standardised assessment, and hyper-competition, which generate a consistent and reliable product efficiently and economically. In Education and the Cult of Efficiency, published in 1962, Raymond E. Callahan, presented an in-depth social-historical analysis of the personalities and sociocultural forces that influenced the actions of educational administrators in the first three decades of the 20 century, and through which business values, practices, and ideology had come to influence, if not dominate, the culture of educational administrators and schools. His analysis has a lot to offer us in Trinidad and Tobago and the Caribbean, especially with respect to the importance of understanding and beginning to interrogate the originating philosophies of many of our educational practices that have become ossified in the language of inviolable, if not idolatrous, tradition.


Foundations of Meaning: Primary Metaphors and Primary Scenes by Joseph Edward Grady B.A. (University of Virginia) 1984 M.A. (University of California, Berkeley) 1992 A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Linguistics in the GRADUATE DIVISION of the UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY Committee in charge: Professor George P. Lakoff, Cochair Professor Eve E. Sweetser, Cochair Professor Charles J. Fillmore Professor Dan I. Slobin Fall 1997 R ep ro d u ced with p erm ission o f the copyright ow ner. Further reproduction prohibited w ithout p erm ission.


Porous AlN materials were synthesized by a wed chemical route at atmospheric pressure. Morphology and property were analyzed by a series of testing method. The results of measure on the samples indicated that the sample is a mixture of cubic and hexagonal AlN. The diameter of the sample about 200~800 nm and a BET surface area of 170 m2·g–1. The photoluminescence spectrum of porous AlN materials is composed of a rather intense peak at 475 nm and a broad weak peak at 550nm.


A negative-feedback scheme is applied to the gain stage of RC and LC ring oscillators to extend the frequency tuning range and to enhance the maximum oscillation frequency, respectively. This can be achieved without penalties in power consumption, supply voltage and silicon area. To verify the operation of the proposed topology, the theory of a three-stage shunt-feedback ring oscillator has been developed and compared with simulation results. Differential versions of 1.2-V shunt-feedback RC and LC ring oscillators operating, respectively, at 5 GHz and 11.6 GHz are demonstrated by simulations using a 0.18-mum CMOS technology.


The porous Ni3Al intermetallics was fabricated using mixed Ni and Al powders as materials by P/M technique of diffusing and reaction composing and sintering. The corrosion resistance of porous Ni3Al intermetallics in HCl solution (pH=2 and 3 at room temperature (20 ℃), pH=2 at 90 ℃) was studied by corrosion kinetic curves, change of port structure, surface morphology and Tafel polarization curves. The corrosion resistance of porous Ni3Al intermetallics was compared with that of porous Ni. The results show that the mass loss of porous Ni3Al intermetallics is much lower than that of porous Ni, and the Ni3Al porous configuration is stable in acid environment. The corrosion resistance of porous Ni3Al materials is very high.


For a closed economy with human-made capital, non-renewable resource depletion and (possibly) exogenous, hyperbolic technical progress as explicit-form inputs to a production function, there is a feasible development path that is 'as if' optimal with respect to hyperbolic utility discounting. On this path, typically, welfare-equivalent income > wealth-equivalent income > Sefton-Weale income > net national product, with possibly dramatic differences among these measures; and sustainable income can be greater than, equal to, or less than NNP. For low enough discounting, growing consumption is optimal even when technical progress is zero. A particular discount rate makes all income measures and consumption constant and (except net national product) equal; and zero technical progress then gives the Solow (1974) maximin as a special case. The optimal path is time-consistent because of the way the utility discount rate is chosen to depend on the economy's stocks, and hence on absolute time.


This paper aims to discuss what kind of degree the bicycle cyclists achieve their Serious Leisure, Flow Experience, and Leisure Satisfaction, and also the factors and the mutual relationships of the above three items. The relationship between Serious Leisure, Flow Experience, and Leisure Satisfaction are also tested. This research targets the cyclists who participate in online bicycle clubs, and this paper is done with purposeful sampling by giving out questionnaires. 428 questionnaires are returned; with 414 of them achieve effectiveness. All data, after being kept a record and put in order, are done with Descriptive Statistics, and then use Structural Equation Modeling to test the hypothesis. The result shows that the Serious Leisure features that the cyclists have will greatly affect their achievements in Flow Experience and Leisure Satisfaction; and their Flow Experience achievements will also affect their Leisure Satisfaction achievements. The conclusion of the paper can be applied as advice and reference to the promotion strategy of bicycling leisure activities.


- Learning programming language through the old traditional method (books or web) is considered outdated and inefficient in 2018. How interesting it would be if the person learning can interact with the computer so that he/she can get all his/her doubts cleared. To solve this problem AI (Artificial Intelligence) comes to the rescue. In simple words AI makes a computer to think before it gives out an proper answer to the user query. In this paper we are going to create a chatbot using machine learning techniques and simulate learning of programming language. The chatbot will be an artificial character, featuring conversational agent can reply to the user in simple language about the query made on a particular programming language.


RNA secondary structure prediction and classification are two important problems in the field of RNA biology. Here, we propose a new permutation based approach to create logical non-disjoint clusters of different secondary structures of a single class or type. Many different types of techniques exist to classify RNA secondary structure data but none of them have ever used permutation based approach which is very simple and yet powerful. We have written a small JAVA program to generate permutation, apply our algorithm on those permutations and analyze the data and create different logical clusters. We believe that these clusters can be utilized to untangle the mystery of RNA secondary structure and analyze the development patterns of unknown RNA.


This book explores the rhetorical, literary, and performance strategies through which violence appears and persists in early modern French tragedy, a genre long understood as passionless and refusing all violence. The mythological figure of Medea, foreigner who massacres her brother, murders kings, burns down Corinth, and kills her own children, can serve as a paradigm for this violence. An alternative to western philosophy's ethical paradigm of Antigone, the Medean presence offers a model of radically persistent and disruptive outsiderness—for classical theater and its wake in literary theory. In the Wake of Medea explores a range of artistic strategies integrating violence into drama: rhetorical devices like ekphrasis, dramaturgical special effects, and shifts in temporal structures. The full range of this Medean presence appears in literal treatments of Medea (Médée, La Conquête de la Toison d'Or) and in tragedies figuratively invoking a Medean presence (Hercule mourant, Phèdre, Athalie). Of interest to specialists, political theorists, and students of theater, it explores works by well-known dramaturges (Racine, Corneille) alongside a breadth of neoclassical political theater (spectacular machine plays, Neo-Stoic parables, didactic Christian theater). In the Wake recognizes the Medean force within these tragedies, while also exploring why violence remains so integral to literature and arts today.


The invention provides a mobile terminal and a method for locking a short message. The mobile terminal comprises a memory module, wherein short messages are stored in the memory module, each short message comprises a short message serial number, and the mobile terminal also comprises a setting module for setting reference information for locking the short message, a locking module and a control module for acquiring the short message serial number of the short message and for transmitting the short message serial number to the locking module after the short message corresponding to the reference information is judged to store in the memory module; and the locking module is used for locking the short message corresponding to the short message serial number according to the short message serial number. The mobile terminal can lock the short message.


Dual Chromosomal Expression of Antigens Anthrax Botulism Lactobacillus acidophilus The vaccines currently available for anthrax and botulism are far from ideal; therefore, harnessing the potential of probiotic lactobacilli for delivery of mucosal antigens against these diseases holds promise. O'Flaherty and Klaenhammer (p. 6091–6101) constructed a novel strain of Lactobacillus acidophilus to express both antigens from the chromosome downstream of a highly expressed glycolytic pathway gene. This precise insertion of antigen-encoding genes in the L. acidophilus genome negates the need for plasmid expression and demonstrates that engineered high-level expression from a single location in the chromosome is more stable than and as efficient as expression from a multicopy plasmid. medium-chain-length polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) with rubber-like, advantageous material properties from carbon monoxide- and carbon dioxide-containing syngas. So far, the microbial synthesis of PHAs from this feedstock has been limited to stiff and brittle short-chain-length PHAs; this study extends the possible applications of syngas-derived biopolymers to elastomeric PHAs.


In cognitive wireless network, some selfish or malicious users will report incorrect spectrum sensing results during the spectrum sensing process, which will cause the fusion center to make wrong judgments. To solve this problem, we introduced a dynamic trust mechanism to reduce the influence of malicious users. A trust model based on Beta distribution is established to calculate the user trust level through the observational statistics in the perception phase. The Fusion Center assigns different weighting coefficients according to the trust of each user, and conducts a comprehensive evaluation of the historical trust status of cooperative users, thereby reducing the impact of sudden errors and improving the accuracy of cooperative spectrum sensing.


Freshwater fish species require and compete for specific water temperatures and thermal regimes to maximize physiological and behavioral processes; however, the thermal habitats on which freshwater fish rely are being modified by local human activities and global climate change. Water temperature measurements that are often used to determine thermal regimes allow predictions of species occurrence in the absence of assemblage surveys. Methods that connect assemblage composition with temperature provide additional information that otherwise is lost when temperature is measured alone. Using stream fish assemblage data collected over 2 decades from various biomonitoring programs in southern Ontario, Canada, we tracked site-level changes in stream fish assemblage composition from numerous watersheds. We also assessed the utility of using a weighted species association tolerance index with respect to water temperature (WSATI-WT) that weights the abundance of each species in an assemblage by their thermal preference to generate an assemblage temperature preference. We tracked temporal changes in assemblage temperature preferences and used bootstrapping to assess the effects of sampling variability on this index. Fish assemblage composition changed over time in all watersheds, but these changes had differential effects on WSATI-WT values. Temporal changes in WSATI-WT values ranged from −9.43 to 5.04°C, of which 68% were negative and 32% positive. These changes imply that, over time, the thermal regime of some sites changed, but bootstrapping showed that WSATI-WT estimates could differ by ≤10°C (mean = 1.57°C) due to sampling variability alone. Examination of the variation in bootstrapped values relative to species composition indicates that uncommon or underrepresented species that have atypical thermal preferences relative to the other species within individual samples may have a large influence on WSATI-WT values. We must develop robust and resilient methods of tracking assemblage responses to warming temperatures if we hope to manage watersheds and species that are sensitive to warming temperatures.


In the title compound, C23H20Cl2N2O4·1.5H2O, the vanillin group makes dihedral angles of 0.52 (14) and 81.22 (7)° with the benzohydrazide residue and the dichlorobenzene ring, respectively. An intramolecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bond helps to stabilize the molecular conformation, while intermolecular O—H⋯O and bifurcated O—H⋯(N,O) hydrogen bonds link the molecules, forming an infinite network. One of the water molecule sites is half-occupied.


HE study of English Renaissance literature has, of late, been characterized by a renewed interest in questions of "history." I t remains to be seen if this interest amounts to more than the ephemeral prestige of the latest academic fashon. In any case, the theoretical and methodological assumptions, principles, and procedures of such a project are only now beginning to be systematically articulated, discriminated, and subjected to scrutiny. All that I offer here are a few tentative reflections on a project in whch I myself am a participant. Current invocations of "History" (which, like "Power," is a term now in constant danger of hypostatization) seem to me at least in part a response to( or, in some cases, merely a reaction against) various structuralist and post-structuralist formalisms that have seemed, to some, to put into question the very possibility of historical understanding and historical experience-to dissolve history into what Perry Anderson has recently characterized as an antinomy of structural determinism and destructured contingency.' In After the New Criticirm, Frank Lentricchia links "the antihistorical impulses of formalist theories of literary criticism" with universalist and teleological notions of "History. Against this unholy alliance of unifying and totalizing theories, Lentricchia opposes the multiplicity of "histories," characterized by "forces of heterogeneity, contradiction, fragmentation, and difference. 2 Something like this distinction of "histories" from "History" seems to me to be implicit in what has now, for better or for worse, come to be known 9,


Cases like Smith v. Rapid Transit, Inc. present a problem to students of tort law. Here is a typical hypothetical case-I will call it Smith v. Red Cab-which presents the problem more cleanly than the actual case does. Mrs. Smith was driving home late one night. A taxi came towards her, weaving wildly from side to side across the road. She had to swerve to avoid it; her swerve took her into a parked car; in the crash, she suffered two broken legs. Mrs. Smith therefore sued Red Cab Company. Her evidence is as follows: she could see that it was a cab which caused her accident by weaving wildly across the road, and there are only two cab companies in town, Red Cab (all of whose cabs are red) and Green Cab (all of whose cabs are green), and of the cabs in town that night, six out of ten were operated by Red Cab. Why is that the only evidence she can produce against Red Cab? She says that although she could see that it was a cab which came at her, she could not see its color, and as it was late, there were no other witnesses to the accident-other than the driver himself, of course, but he has not come forward to confess. If we believe Mrs. Smith's story, and are aware of no further facts that bear on the case, then we shall think it .6 probable that her accident was caused by a cab operated by Red Cab. I think it pays to spell this reasoning out; what follows is one way of doing so. If we believe Mrs. Smith's story, then we believe that a cab, indeed exactly one cab, caused the accident, so that there is such a thing as the cab which caused the accident; and we believe that it was a cab in town that night. Thus we believe:


Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease of intestinal tract, and Periplaneta americana has been found to be effective in the treatment for UC. The purpose of the study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of Periplaneta americana extract Ento-A on UC in rats induced by 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) and to explore its mechanism. The Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into normal control group; TNBS-treated group; sulfasalazine (SASP) treated group; Ento-A low- (50 mg/kg), medium- (100 mg/kg), and high-dose (200 mg/kg) groups, respectively. The UC model of rats was induced via TNBS. Disease activity index (DAI) was used to evaluate the severity of UC in rats. The macroscopic and microscopic damages of colon were accessed by colon mucosa damage index (CMDI) and histopathological score (HS), respectively. The levels of interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-17 (IL-17), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in serum and the contents of myeloperoxidase (MPO), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), and epidermal growth factor (EGF) in colonic mucosa were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Compared with the normal control group, the TNBS-treated group showed increase in DAI, CMDI, HS, IL-17, TNF-α, IFN-γ as well as MPO and decrease in the levels of IL-4, EGF, and TGF-β1. However, Ento-A-administrated groups reversed the changes in the DAI, CMDI, HS, and the cytokines caused by TNBS. The study indicates that Periplaneta americana extract Ento-A can effectively alleviate the inflammation in TNBS-induced UC of rats, and the mechanism of that may be related to restoring the balance of T helper 1 (Th1)/Th2/Th17/T regulatory (Treg) cytokines.


Part 1 List of Illustrations Part 2 Editor's Foreword Part 3 Acknowledgments Part 4 Reader's Note Part 5 Acronyms and Abbreviations Part 6 Chronology Part 7 Introduction Part 8 THE DICTIONARY Part 9 Appendixes Chapter 10 Appendix 1: Soviet Report on Intervention, 1979 Chapter 11 Appendix 2: Soveit-Afghan Treaty of Friendship Chapter 12 Appendix 3: Status of Soviet Forces Protocol Chapter 13 Appendix 4: Cease-Fire Protocol Chapter 14 Appendix 5: American Declaration of War Chapter 15 Appendix 6: Military Technical Agreement Chapter 16 Appendix 7: English-Afghan Military Terms Part 17 Bibliography Part 18 About the Author


The jarosite-type compounds, KFe 3 (OH) 6 (SO 4 ) 2 and KCr 3 (OH) 6 (SO 4 ) 2 , are model materials of the frustrated antiferromagnet on the kagome lattice. We have synthesized new Cr-jarosites, A Cr 3 (OH) 6 (SO 4 ) 2 , with other monovalent cations A + [ A = Rb, NH 4 , Na] and have measured the magnetization between 2 K and 300 K. The measured susceptibilities above 20 K agree well with the calculation based on the high-temperature expansion and with the Monte Carlo simulation for the two-dimensional Heisenberg antiferromagnet on the kagome lattice, which indicates that the new Cr-jarosites are good examples of the Heisenberg kagome lattice antiferromagnets with S = 3/2. The exchange interactions for these Cr-jarosites are estimated to be about 5 K. The susceptibilities of the Cr-jarosites with K, Rb, and NH 4 increase steeply below about 4 or 8 K, although they are antiferromagnets. The susceptibilities after zero-field-cooling and those after field-cooling are different below this temperature, and th...


It is challenging to study hyperpycnal flow deposit characteristics, distribution, and internal architecture in detail using seismic or flume experiments. Therefore, a rule-based model Numerical Simulation Platform (NSP) Grade was developed to simulate various gravity-driven sediment transport processes and fan depositions in three dimensions. Five model scenarios are designed for processing and architecture studies of hyperpycnal flow deposits. Further, the impact of a single flow event's duration and the flow occurrence was also discussed. The results show that in all scenarios, complex hyperpycnal flow strata stacked by channels, fans, and background shale according to specific rules were generated, and the progradation, retrogradation, and compensational stacking of hyperpycnal flow sediments were observed. Three facies can be identified in hyperpycnal flow depositions from proximal to the distal deposits, comprising channel complex, channel-fan transition deposits, and fan complex. Due to hyperpycnal deposit development, each event's channel gradually becomes increasingly complex, and the channel extension distance decreases. The retrogradation characteristics of sedimentary bodies become more apparent. Shortening a flood event's duration will lead to stronger deposition heterogeneity. Here multiple depositional centers will be formed. The distal center will form first, and sediments will gradually retrograde to form the next one. The reduced frequency of events results in less sediment supply, thinner thickness, and thicker mudstone barriers. NSP Grade revealed that numerical simulation could provide more realistic results than traditional interpretation models. Further studies on NSP Grade modeling will couple more processes and improve model accuracy to guide the understanding of hyperpycnal flow depositions.


Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate healthy lifestyle behaviors and healthy behavior development intentions of medical personnel working in primary healthcare in Antalya. Materials and Methods: Descriptive study was conducted with 257 health workers working in the Department of Public Health Services between December 2017 and June 2018. An online survey was prepared as data collection method. A questionnaire for socio-demographic characteristics of medical personnel, 'Healthy Life Style Behavior Scale II' and 'Evaluation of Health Behavior Change Phases' questionnaire were used to collect the data. Ethics committee approval and institutional permission were obtained. Results: Mean age of the medical personnel was 40.79±7.72 years. The HLSBS II total mean score of the health workers were 140.41±23.53. Those who had quitted smoking had higher physical activity mean scores than those who did not smoke and smoked (F=4.433; p=013). It was determined that there was a statistically significant difference between the HLSBS II subscale mean scores of the medical personnel, whose health perception was better than their peers, and the scores of those whose health perception was the same as and worse than their peers (p<0.05). The health workers not using alcohol had higher health responsibility mean scores than those using alcohol (t=1.996; p=0.047). Conclusion: Healthy lifestyle behaviors of the participants were good. In line with the results; encouraging the medical personnel working in primary healthcare for exhibiting healthy lifestyle behaviors can make a positive contribution to health promotion.nt women.


Ge-132 was determined with acid-base titration, and this method was compared with the spectrophotometry. The results revealed a good relationchip between them (r= 0.9957) .


The new edition of this bestselling textbook brings criminological research alive for students. It introduces the processes and practicalities of preparing, doing, experiencing and reflecting upon criminological research.


ABSTRACT The novel metal coordination polymer [Mn(L)2(H2O)2]n, was synthesized and characterized. Fluorescence and UV absorption spectroscopy indicates that the ligand and Mn(II) comploud can bind to fish sperm DNA (FS-DNA). Gel electrophoresis assay demonstrated the ability of the ligand and Mn(II) complex to cleave the HL-60 plasmid DNA. Apoptotic study shows the complexes exhibited significant cancer cell(JEKO-1 and KB) inhibitory rate. The results indicate that the complexe and the ligand bound to DNA with different binding affinity, in the order the Mn(II) complex > the ligand. Oxygen and nitrogen atoms which chelated with Mn(II) forming hydrogen bonds with N6 atom of adenine and O4 atom of thymine to affect the stability of DNA from Molecular docking study.


This paper introduces the concept of 'governance' in relation to smallholder forestry, and examines governance issues concerning tree registration and harvest and transport approval in the Philippines. The difficulties faced in relation to tree registration by the various stakeholder groups – particularly the DENR and smallholders – are examined, and potential regulatory reforms reviewed. It is concluded that there is scope for improvements in tree registration and related regulations, but there are strong impediments to change.


Background: Although most drug-eluding stent (DES) patients live longer than 10 years, there is no generally accepted clinical tool to predict risk of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) after DES ...


We have applied a variety of ps transient and cw optical techniques to elucidate the dynamics, absorption, and emission properties of excitons in soluble derivatives of poly(p-phenylene vinylene) neat films and dilute solutions. We found that the photogenerated singlet excitons in both films and solutions are characterized by strong stimulated emission and {ital two} photoinduced absorption bands. We demonstrate that these bands can be used to form an ultrafast optical switch in the near IR spectral range with variable switching times. {copyright} {ital 1997} {ital The American Physical Society}


The Growth Modeling is a research method which can examine the development of individuals on one or more outcome variables over time.This article reviews the main features of the Growth Modeling and discusses how to apply the method to research on language development of children with special needs.Some cases of research on special children's language with the Growth Modeling are discussed in the article as well,intending to provide some reference for researchers in this field by exploring the feasibility and problems needed to be focused in this method.


The main result is given by relation (6) and it shows that the last inequality of (5) contained in the paper [8] is not valid for any m-dimensional closed manifold.


With continuous creation of the skills and movement in gymnastics,its rules are being innovated,which,in turn,instructs and promotes the development of gymnastic movement.It's significant for trainers to understand the rule correctly and grasp it.


The deck landing sinking velocity of carrier-based aircraft is affected by carrier attitude, sea condition, aircraft performance, etc. Its impact analysis is a complex nonlinear problem, and there even is some contradictory phenomenon that when the approach velocity increases, the sinking velocity decreases under certain circumstances. Aiming at exploring the impact of the various related deck landing parameters on sinking velocity for carrier-based aircraft in the actual environment, response surface method-based improved Kriging algorithm (IK-RSM) is proposed based on genetic algorithm and Kriging model. Based on the deck landing measured data of the F/A-18A aircraft in the actual operating environment, the impact degree of the 15 deck landing parameters on the sinking velocity is explored, respectively, by using the partial correlation analysis of multivariate statistical theory and the IK-RSM. It can be found that the 4 parameters are strongly correlated with the sinking velocity; that is, the aircraft glide angle and deck pitch angle are highly correlated with the sinking velocity; next, the approach velocity and the engaging velocity are moderately correlated with the sinking velocity. The 4 parameters above could be used to establish the impact analysis model of the sinking velocity. The genetic algorithm is applied to the correction coefficients optimization of the IK-RSM's kernel functions, and the IK-RSM of the F/A-18A aircraft sinking velocity is formed. Compared with the Kriging model and the empirical formula, the sinking velocity prediction accuracy indexes of IK-RSM are the best; for example, the determination coefficient is 0.981, the mean relative error is 1.813%, and the maximum relative error is 6.771%. Furthermore, based on the sinking velocity IK-RSM and the sensitivity analysis method proposed, we have explained the reason for the contradictory phenomenon that when the approach velocity increases, the sinking velocity decreases at some samples. It could provide certain technical support for the flight attitude control related to the sinking velocity during the actual flight of carrier-based aircraft.


The philosophy of The Scottish Chateau undermined the established theory that the Restoration marked Scotland's emergence from the Dark Ages to a brilliant new dawn of refinement and culture. Far from isolated and barbaric, the Scottish nobility had been educated in Paris, Rome or Leiden and were as enlightened as any in Europe. Yet the idea of the defensive tower-house persists. This article argues that retrospective reference to castellated tradition in the seventeenth-century Scottish nobleman's house was rather a conscious assertion of ancestry.


Motivated by the similarities between the properties of Z-matrices on Rn + and Lyapunov and Stein transformations on the semidefinite cone S+, we introduce and study Z-transformations on proper cones. We show that many properties of Z-matrices extend to Z-transformations. We describe the diagonal stability of such a transformation on a symmetric cone by means of quadratic representations. Finally, we study the equivalence of Q and P properties of Z-transformations on symmetric cones. In particular, we prove such an equivalence on the Lorentz cone.


A diagnosis of Asperger's syndrome (AS), an autism spectrum disorder, has been used as a defence in several recent child pornography cases. The repetitive behaviours, unusual interests, and inappropriate social interactions consistent with AS have substantial overlap with the behaviours of child pornography offenders. The available literature on the similarities of AS behaviours with child pornography offender behaviour is reviewed, and a framework is presented for incorporating digital forensics results and subject interview questioning into the investigative analysis to prevent inappropriate ex post facto diagnosis of AS and its use as a criminal defence.


We investigate the asymptotic distribution of the profile likelihood
ratio (PLR) when constraining effective field theories (EFTs) and show
that Wilks' theorem is often violated, meaning that we should not assume
the PLR to follow a \chi^2χ2-distribution.
We derive the correct asymptotic distributions when either one or two
real EFT couplings modulate observable cross sections with a purely
linear or quadratic dependence. We then discover that when both the
linear and quadratic terms contribute, the PLR distribution does not
have a simple form. In this case we provide a partly-numerical solution
for the one-parameter case. Using a novel approach, we find that the
constants which define our asymptotic distributions may be obtained
experimentally using a profile of the Asimov likelihood contour. Our
results may be immediately used to obtain the correct coverage when
deriving real-world EFT constraints using the PLR as a
test-statistic.