Juglans mandshurica Maxim.plantation radical anatomical characteristics between rings were analyzed in order to confirm the mature period.Sequential clustering optimal segmentation,principal component clustering,BP neural network and support vector machine(SVM) methods were respectively used for the demarcation.Results indicated that principal component clustering,BP neural network and SVM methods could determine the growth period of Juglans mandshurica Maxim.plantation,which had 0 to 3 years distinction to the sequential clustering optimal segmentation method.Mature period and transitional period of Juglans mandshurica Maxim.plantation could be determined efficiently,while juvenile period and transitional which could not demarcated on a specific year.Through the comparative analysis of these above methods,SVM was a preferred method for juvenile and mature period demarcation of Juglans mandshurica Maxim.plantation.


After introducing the Γ-convergence of a family of symmetric matrices, we study the limits in that sense, of Schrodinger operators on a finite graph. The main result is that any such limit can be interpreted as a Schrodinger operator on a new graph, the construction of which is described explicitly. The operators to which the construction is applied are reversible, almost reducible Markov generators. An explicit method for computing an equivalent of the spectrum is described. Among possible applications, quasidecomposable processes and low-temperature simulated annealing are studied.


This article focuses on the evaluation of the process of growth in rural China since the 1978 rural economic reforms. By dividing the rural economy into two sectors: the agricultural sector and the RSE (rural small scale enterprises) sector, it analyses the relative contributions of labour, capital and other factors. Two major findings are that the RSE sector has its marginal labour productivity double that of the agricultural sector over 1980–86 and the high-income regions (mainly the coastal provinces open to world exports) exhibited a positive role of increasing returns to scale. This trend lends strong support to the market-based incentives offered by the openness in free trade which influenced the coastal provinces of the RSE sector.


One of the state environmental policy priorities both in Russia and other countries is the preservation and development of nature reserves and specially protected natural territories. The article discusses the state natural reserve "Belogorye" Belgorod region. The nature reserve "Belogorye" territory includes five sites in different municipal districts of the region. The main problem of the reserve development is that its territory is of an island character, does not have connecting elements and is a subject to human impact. To solve the specially protected and adjacent territories development existing problems, a conflict approach, which consists of identifying the subjective and objective territorial development contradictions, identifying urban the planning activities participants (subjects) personal conflicts and finding the means and possibilities to resolve these conflicts by legal and urban planning methods, is proposed. The analysis of the the most problematic areas limitations and burdens of the Belogorie reserve is made. Identified and classified urban conflicts in relation to the reserve territory among which are: land use, social and functional purposes, transport, regulatory documents, property. The regional significance cultural heritage objects are revealed - architectural monuments and historically significant places (zaseki). A territories adjacent functioning model to the reserve has been developed. It also proposes the cultural heritage object reconstruction with the hotel and a museum adaptation.


Ve discuss the applicability of perturbative QCD (pQCD) and the effective quark model approach to exclusive processes at momentum transfer Q2 ~ 10 Gey2 typical to the future CEBAF experiments. lt is shown that at such intermediate momentum scale pQCD approach may break down and meson fonn factors could be described in terms of relativistic valence qij wave functions. \Ve address the issues of Lorentz and gauge invariance to discuss model independence of our results.


A copy of Walt Whitman's writings at her bedside, the life-long socialist fiction writer, poet, and journalist, Meridel Le Sueur, died on November 14, 1996, at the age of ninety-six. Her literary persona, however, will live on into the next century as the site for contested interpretations, retrospectively inscribed, of the relation of female Marxist cultural workers to the organized Left in the mid-twentieth century. The Communist Party's People's Weekly World published an obituary noting that Le Sueur remained a Party member to the end, testimony to an unbroken allegiance of more than seven decades. (The claim was based on a February 1995 interview where, in reply to "the question," the bed-ridden Le Sueur quipped: "Prone, but still in!") In contrast, The New York Times obituary made no mention of any Communist or Marxist inclinations, describing Le Sueur as one "who reported on the plight of the poor during the Depression and celebrated the free spirits of early Americans in her fiction for children ..."This article can also be found at the Monthly Review website, where most recent articles are published in full.Click here to purchase a PDF version of this article at the Monthly Review website.


New X-ray observatories (Chandra and XMM-Newton) are providing a wealth of high-resolution X-ray spectra in which hydrogen- and helium-like ions are usually strong features. We present results from a new collisional-radiative plasma code, the Astrophysical Plasma Emission Code (APEC), which uses atomic data in the companion Astrophysical Plasma Emission Database (APED) to calculate spectral models for hot plasmas. APED contains the requisite atomic data such as collisional and radiative rates, recombination cross sections, dielectronic recombination rates, and satellite line wavelengths. We compare the APEC results to other plasma codes for hydrogen- and helium-like diagnostics and test the sensitivity of our results to the number of levels included in the models. We find that dielectronic recombination with hydrogen-like ions into high (n = 6-10) principal quantum numbers affects some helium-like line ratios from low-lying (n = 2) transitions.


Series capacitors (SCs) are installed on long transmission lines to reduce the inductive reactance of the lines. SCs and their associated over-voltage protection devices (typically metal oxide varistors, and/or air gaps) create several problems for distance protection relays and fault locators including voltage and/or current inversion, sub-harmonic oscillations, transients caused by the air-gap flashover and sudden changes in the operating reach. In this paper, using fuzzy logic a simple and accurate fault location algorithm is presented for series compensated transmission lines. The fault region is determined by a fuzzy identifier, firstly. Then the distance to fault is calculated from the fault loop quantities similar to the classic fault locators, but in case of voltages additionally the compensation for the voltage drop across the bank (or banks) of series capacitors is performed. The power system is simulated on a PC using PSCAD software to provide fault data. The fuzzy fault region identifier and fault locator are designed and implemented using MATLAB software. The operating behaviour of the fault locator was assessed using a 400 kV, 400km double end fed simulated transmission line with three phase faults at various locations on the line. It relies totally on locally derived information.


3A-filled hydrophilic polyurethane (PU) membranes were prepared by incorporating zeolite 3A into PU for pervaporation separation of acetaldehyde and water mixtures (acetaldehyde concentration 2 wt%–20 wt%). The composite membranes were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The morphology and thermal stability of these membranes were also investigated. The effects of zeolite 3A on the sorption, diffusion, and pervaporation performance were evaluated. The swelling study showed that 3A-PU membrane had higher swelling degree in acetaldehyde aqueous solution than in pure water. And the swelling degree of the composite membrane in acetaldehyde solution increased with the 3A content. The permeation flux and water/acetaldehyde separation factor first increased and then decreased with increasing 3A content. The reason may be that a proper quantity of 3A will enlarge the free volume fraction of PU while excessive 3A lead to its poor dispersion. The highest permeation flux of the composite membrane could reach 223 g · m−2 · h−1 and the maximum water/acetaldehyde selectivity achieved 7.5. The calculation of sorption selectivity and diffusion selectivity showed that diffusion played a more important role in this process.


We compute the black hole horizon entanglement entropy for a massless scalar field in the brick wall model by incorporating the minimal length. Taking the minimal length effects on the occupation number n(ω, l) and the Hawking temperature into consideration, we obtain the leading ultraviolet (UV) divergent term and the subleading logarithmic term in the entropy. The leading divergent term scales with the horizon area. The subleading logarithmic term is the same as that in the usual brick wall model without the minimal length.


The invention discloses a vehicle ranging warning device which comprises an ultrasonic ranging unit, a microwave ranging unit, an alarm and a controller. When detecting that external objects exist near a vehicle, the ultrasonic ranging unit and the microwave ranging unit respectively generate ultrasonic ranging signals and microwave ranging signals; when receiving the ranging signals form any one of the ranging units, the controller drives the alarm to raise the alarm so as to improve alertness of a driver and guarantee driving safety.


New measurements by the NA49 experiment of the centrality dependence of event-by-event fluctuations of the particle yield ratios (K++K−)/(π++π−), (p+p )/(π++π−), and (K++K−)/(p+p ) are presented for Pb+Pb collisions at 158A GeV. The absolute values of the dynamical fluctuations of these ratios, quantified by the measure σdyn, increase by about a factor of two from central to semiperipheral collisions. Multiplicity scaling scenarios are tested and found to apply for both the centrality and the previously published energy dependence of the (K++K−)/(π++π−) and (p+p )/(π++π−) ratio fluctuations. A description of the centrality and energy dependence of (K++K−)/(p+p ) ratio fluctuations by a common scaling prescription is not possible since there is a sign change in the energy dependence.


Experimental research of ultrasound to induce or improve delivery has snowballed in the past decade. In our work, we investigate the use of low-intensity ultrasound in combination with clinically approved microbubbles to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of chemotherapy. Ten voluntary patients with locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma were consecutively recruited. Following standard chemotherapy protocol (intravenous infusion of gemcitabine over 30 min), a clinical ultrasound scanner was targeted at the largest slice of the tumour using modified non-linear contrast imaging settings (1.9 MHz center frequency, 0.27 MPa peak-negative pressure), and SonoVue® was injected intravenously. Ultrasound and microbubble treatment duration was 31.5 min. The combined therapy did not induce any additional toxicity or increase side effect frequency when compared to chemotherapy alone. Combination treated patients were able to tolerate an increased amount treatment cycles when compare historical control...


We have investigated the atomic and electronic structure of the Tl/Ge(111)-(1x1) surface. The Tl adsorption site was determined to be the T{sub 4} site by dynamical low-energy electron diffraction I-V analysis. The surface electronic structure was measured using angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy. By comparing the observed band structure with the first-principles calculation, we revealed that only the Tl 6p electrons are involved in the Tl-Ge bonding and that hybridization of Tl 6s{sup 2}6p valence electrons is negligible. This indicates that the inert-pair effect plays a decisive role in the formation of the (1x1) surface. On the other hand, a surface band is not fully occupied but forms a small hole pocket around {gamma}. We propose that it is caused by a small amount of remaining defects due to the small energy gap. Our calculation including spin-orbit interaction indicates the existence of a large spin-orbit splitting in the lowest unoccupied surface band of Tl 6p{sub x}+6p{sub y} character.


In this article, I attempt to come to terms with the Trump administration's designation of farmers as "essential" to the economy, which allowed—or condemned—them to work while the majority of U.S. residents sheltered in place in the spring and early summer of 2020. I provide a snapshot of the Coachella Valley during the COVID-19 outbreak and relate farmworker pandemic conditions to a century-long exploitation of Mexican agricultural communities in the U.S. Southwest. I argue that a relational approach to race making and racialized life is key for understanding farmworkers' present marginality: to see their disproportionate pandemic vulnerability, we must relate it to other racialized people's historical oppression, especially within Indigenous and African American communities. But I also insist on pairing this approach with a transnational frame that centers the role of noncitizen labor in subsidizing U.S. consumption. Farmworker marginality, in other words, indicates more than a nimble and relational white supremacy. It also reflects the United States' imperial relationship to the Global South and its citizenry's reliance on noncitizen "essential labor." Farmworker marginality suggests further that in a world marked by a growing refugee diaspora, a climate change crisis, and continued wealth inequalities, the United States' citizen/noncitizen divide will continue to grow and shape its racialized hierarchies. To study farmworker pandemic conditions, in short, is to study the world to come.


Objective Explore the effective treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombus(PVTT).Methods 86 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombus in patients with liver resection + portal vein thrombectomy + hepatic artery and portal vein infusion chemoembolization and biological targeted therapy.Results 1-year survival rate was 90%,2-year survival rate was 85%,3-year survival rate was 35%.Conclusion Liver resection and portal vein tumor thrombus + hepatic artery and portal vein chemoembolization + biological targeted therapy is the effective treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombus.


This article attempts to explore structurally the various theories of metaphor in terms of the property-relation opposition. This perspective yields as a result of a provisional (gradualist) classification between relational Palabras clave Metáfora Teorías de la metáfora Semántica


There has been an increased demand for mismatch repair (MMR) status testing in sarcoma patients after the success of immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) in MMR deficient tumors. However, data on MMR deficiency in bone and soft tissue tumors is sparse, rendering it unclear if routine screening should be applied. Hence, we aimed to study the frequency of MMR deficiency in bone and soft tissue tumors after we were prompted by two (potential) Lynch syndrome patients developing sarcomas.


Purpose – The purpose of this study is to explore the perception of luxury from the perspectives of Chinese upper-class consumers. Design/methodology/approach – Four focus groups, each consisting of six upper-class and experienced luxury consumers, are formed in four cities, Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Hong Kong, which are among the most affluent, populated and developed in the luxury market. Findings – The findings suggest that Chinese upper-class luxury consumers, indeed, hold different perceptions for luxury in several aspects: price premium is a prestige in contrast to general Chinese consumers' "value-consciousness"; exclusivity is more valued by the upper-class and experienced consumers; more attention of the upper-class consumers has shifted to individual values from social values; brand value is of high importance; and there exist differences among consumers in different regions. Practical implications – The study suggests that luxury brands should recognize the differences between the upper-...


The Internet of Underwater Things (IoUT) advances our ability in exploring oceans, lakes and rivers through multiple communication technologies that connect stationary and mobile nodes underwater, at the surface and in the sky. However, characteristics such as low data rate, long propagation delay, energy-constraint, mobility and sparsity of underwater communications remain as major challenges to the potential benefits that IoUT can bring to data availability and data sciences. This paper aims to further explore how the Named Data Networking (NDN), a future Internet architecture, addresses the challenges of IoUT and can be adapted to potentially provide a more secure, simplified, and efficient implementation of IoUT. The IoUT network and application semantics are aligned with the data-centric communication model of NDN, which enables operators to deploy and configure networks more easily, and developers to focus more on "things" and data. The paper starts from introducing new challenges in IoUT and then illustrating in detail with simple examples to show how to employ NDN architecture to IoUT and how to enable additional functionalities required by IoUT.


This paper explores the identification, use, and preservation of historic roads in the state of New Jersey that primarily travel through public lands. The authors examine in detail the historical significance of several unpaved routes that continue to exist in Burlington County, NJ, as well as discuss various methods that can be used to identify routes with historical significance and document their physical characteristics. Field research was conducted to establish the current location of these historic routes, using LiDAR, GPS, and geographic information systems methods to estimate their likely date of construction. Further examination and mapping of these routes was undertaken, followed by documentation of the historical events linked to their use, thus establishing historical context. We identified likely routes used as critical Revolutionary War supply routes. The paper concludes with a discussion of appropriate actions that should be considered in the preservation of these routes and offers planners some options in relation to public policy.


Fundamental Research Funds for the Central University of China [N110105001, N120505001]; National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [51231002, 51271054]


Protein‐encased chromophores that photosensitize the production of reactive oxygen species, ROS, have been the center of recent activity in studies of oxidative stress. One potential attribute of such systems is that the local environment surrounding the chromophore, and that determines the chromophore's photophysics, ideally remains constant and independent of the global environment into which the system is placed. Therefore, a protein‐encased sensitizer localized in the mitochondria would arguably have the same photophysics as that protein‐encased sensitizer at the plasma membrane, for example. One thus obtains a useful tool to study processes modulated by spatially localized ROS. One ROS of interest is singlet oxygen, O2(a1Δg). We recently developed a singlet oxygen photosensitizing protein, SOPP, in which flavin mononucleotide, FMN, is encased in a re‐engineered light‐oxygen‐voltage protein. One goal was to ascertain how a version of this system, SOPP3, which selectively makes O2(a1Δg), in vitro, behaves in a cell. We now demonstrate that SOPP3 undergoes exacerbated irradiation‐mediated bleaching when expressed at either the plasma membrane or mitochondria in stable cell lines. We find that the environment around the SOPP3 system affects the bleaching rate, which argues against one of the key suppositions in support of a protein‐encased chromophore.


While growing evidence suggests the prevalence of nanoscale protein condensates on chromatin, their mechanisms of formation and functional significance in normal and disease states remain largely unclear. I will present our ongoing work linking aberrant condensates and cancer. In Wilms tumor and leukemia, a series of mutations in the histone acetylation reader ENL create gain-of-function mutants with increased transcriptional activation activity. We discover that these mutations, clustered in ENL's structured acetyl-binding YEATS domain, trigger aberrant condensates at endogenous genomic targets through a network of multivalent homotypic and heterotypic interactions. Crystal structures of four different ENL mutant YEATS domains reveal structural changes critical for condensate formation. In addition, two oppositely charged disordered regions in ENL mutants play distinct yet complementary roles in regulating the initiation and growth of condensates. ENL mutant condensates enrich for an aberrantly high amount of transcription elongation factors which, in turn, also contribute to condensate formation. Importantly, perturbing these condensates in situ via extensive mutagenesis establish their causal role in oncogenic gene activation. Interestingly, expression of ENL mutants beyond endogenous levels results in larger droplet-like condensates that suppress oncogenic gene activation, indicating a dosage-sensitive function of oncogenic proteins prone to condensation. Together, by elucidating how cancer-associated transcriptional condensates occur and function, our work reveals a poorly recognized role of structured domains in the formation of biomolecular condensates and lends crucial experimental support to establish condensate dysregulation as an under-appreciated oncogenic mechanism. These insights would open new areas of investigation and nominate novel therapeutic approaches.
 Citation Format: Liling Wan. Aberrant transcriptional condensates in cancer: Mechanisms and implications. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Cancer Epigenomics; 2022 Oct 6-8; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(23 Suppl_2):Abstract nr IA022.


Penoscrotal transposition is a rare anomaly of the external genitalia that can be complete or incomplete while incomplete type is more common. Penile torsion is a rotational defect of the penile shaft. Various surgical methods are described for correction of incomplete penoscrotal transposition and penile torsion. Here we are presenting our experience of case of incomplete penoscrotal transposition and penile torsion correction.


To save the water resource in Beijing and reduce the environmental pollution of urban rainfall,the water balance was calculated and the method that recycling the rainfall naturally and reusing it indirectly were advocated,based on the planning in Huairou Campus of Graduate University School of Chinese Academy of Sciences. Then,the flow chart for recycling and reusing rainfall was figured out. And different approaches to collecting rainfall were designed,according to rainfall qualities in different landscape,so as to treat the polluted rainfall uniformly. Ecological Engineering of recycling and reusing the rainfall benefits for saving water resource and supplying groundwater.It can also prevent flood and reduce environmental pollution.


In this paper the author shares some of his experiences of teaching in areas of 'race' and culture to mainly white middle-class family therapy and clinical psychology trainees. He presents a framework for a systemic teaching session on working interculturally. Specific exercises are described that trainers can use to design a new session or incorporate into existing ones. It is meant to increase the cultural awareness and sensitivity of trainees with limited experience of cross-cultural therapeutic work.


This paper describes the use of open-source electronic design automation tools, which have been developed and adapted for maskless lithography, to enable automation of the design, layout and measurement of parametric test structures. Two test structures are presented as case studies for characterisation of microelectronic and micro-electromechanical systems technologies using electrical and profilometry measurements respectively.


A new robust disturbance rejection controller scheme integrating a main controller and a compensator for reusable launch vehicle reentry attitude control is proposed. The main controller, using nonlinear dynamic inversion technique, is designed for high performance of the nominal system. The compensator, based on nonlinear extended state observer, built an additional control signal to cancel the disturbance and enhance the robustness of the closed loop system. Stability of the whole system is analyzed. Feasibility and validity of the new controller is demonstrated with RLV simulation examples.


For generations and generations women have heard stories/myths. Women`s storytelling is an elusive mystery that evokes wisdom, because as their universe is fluid, chaotic, and indefinable from the perspective of male discourse, women often tell stories through the medium of metaphors. Through the symbolic language, women challenge and play with their oppressive conditions. By reinterpreting or resignifying stories women can attain and circulate wisdom. Moreover, in the midst of their oscillation between knowledge and wisdom, women have generated the deep spirituality beyond dichotomies. The Korean goddess myths in Shamanism reveal an autonomous, powerful female image whose boundary is not restricted within the typical female gender role or image under patriarchy. Rather, they manifest the image of a cosmic creator as their creative activities freely take the inter-space of heaven, earth, and sea-the threshold of origin. Their powerful, yet, caring and responding characteristics, therefore, encourage women`s empowerment and subjective identity. Besides their realm of inter-space, they also represent interrelationship among themselves and with people and nature. In this respect, I present three goddess myths- the myths about the giant grandmother goddess, the triune -grandmother goddess, and the dragon goddess. These goddesses resonate with Sophia in the Wisdom tradition. Sophia is a cosmic spirit who attends divine creation as she is creating and nurturing. Her another function is to communicate with people in order to teach divine mystery, wisdom, and grace. Considering the relation between wisdom and communication, the wisdom provided by goddess myths also teaches women to communicate with nature`s creativity which is deeply connected with women`s bodily experiences. The attained wisdom from stories/myths is, therefore, not an abstract one but rather a practical one realized in women`s daily lives. For women, spirituality is an inner strength raised from the recognition of divine spirit and grace in nature and its connection to their lives. The mythical tradition of women`s storytelling embedded in Shamanism has many significant aspects. First, it is a way of generating wisdom for women without confining in the male knowledge system. Second, it provides women to imagine more subjective identity than their reality, as the dynamic activities of these goddesses are freed from gender roles or the typical femininity. Third, it enhances ecological awareness by recognizing interrelational creativity in nature which is indeed the fundamental principle of nature. Finally, it provokes spirituality in two respects: one is the spirituality that empowers women`s inner strength by letting them to recognize their active, dynamic, and autonomous subjectivities; another is the spirituality that emerges from the reverence to divine mystery in the cosmos as well as the appreciation to divine grace. For ecofeminist theology, these aspects provide significant points. The interrelationality of heaven-earth-human beings illustrated in these myths challenges anthropocentrism that emphasizes human superiority over nature. The intrerelational creative activity of goddess and their physical labor call for rethinking of the traditional image of creator and divine creativity that emphasizes the divine word in orderly passion while disregarding the actual engagement of divine roach with tehom in creation. Ecofeminist theology has often emphasized the connection between women and nature in the context of women`s life-giving and life-nurturing experiences. However, it has a risk to reassure women to be restricted in gender role in patriarchy. These myths, on the contrary, illustrate the cosmic female image that really connects women to nature beyond gender norms, which gives women a undefinable open space for their new becoming. In that space, women would connect their wisdom and spirituality to the grace of God and nature.


Objective The aim of the study is to investigate barriers to opioid use disorder (OUD) care among acute and chronic pain physicians and advanced practice providers, including hypothesized barriers of lack of interest in OUD care and stigma toward this patient population. Methods The study used an anonymous 16-item online survey through Google Forms. Respondents were 153 health practitioners across the United States and Canada, all of whom are registered in one of several pain or anesthesia professional societies. Data were analyzed with descriptive and categorical statistics. Results The most common barriers include "lack of appropriate clinical environment for prescribing by both acute and chronic pain practitioners" (48%) and "lack of administrative/departmental support" (46%). A total of 32% of respondents reported that OUD care was important but they were not interested in doing more, while 28% of practitioners believed that they treat patients with OUD differently than others in a negative way. More males reported "difficulty" in treating OUD as a barrier (45% vs 25%). Chronic pain practitioners reported poor payor mix as a barrier twice as often as their acute pain colleagues. In free response, lack of multidisciplinary OUD care was a notable barrier. Conclusions The top barriers to OUD treatment were clinical environment, departmental support, difficulty in treating the condition, and payor mix, supporting the hypotheses. Given an OUD patient scenario, 55% of acute pain physicians and 73% of chronic pain physicians expressed a willingness to prescribe buprenorphine.


Discrete forms of the mean and directed curvature are constructed on piecewise flat manifolds, providing local curvature approximations for smooth manifolds embedded in both Euclidean and non-Euclidean spaces. The resulting expressions take the particularly simple form of a weighted scalar sum of hinge angles, the angles between the normals of neighbouring piecewise flat segments, with the weights depending only on the intrinsic piecewise flat geometry and a choice of dual tessellation. The constructions are based on a new piecewise flat analogue of the curvature integral along and tangent to a geodesic segment, with integrals of these analogues then taken over carefully defined regions to give spatial averages of the curvature. Computations for surfaces in both Euclidean and non-Euclidean spaces indicate a clear convergence to the corresponding smooth curvature values as the piecewise flat mesh is refined, with the former comparing favourably with other discrete curvature approaches.


Background and Objectives Critical care nurses always face a lot of professional stress. Resilience is one of the most important human abilities that in tough conditions makes effective adaptability with changes and stressors. The aim of this study was to determine the association between resilience and intention to leave profession in critical care nurses.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was performed on 200 critical care nurses in hospitals affiliated to Birjand University of Medical Sciences by census method in 2018. To collect data, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale )CD-RISC( and intention to leave profession questionnaire were used. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics (Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis).
Result: The mean rank for intention to leave and resilience was 35.75 and 60.31. Also, there was no significant relationship between resilience and intention to leave profession (r=-0.58, p=0.261).
Conclusion: According to the results of this study, there was no correlation between resilience and intention to leave profession in nurses. Therefore, further inquiry into the relationship between resilience and intention to leave profession is needed. Also considering the moderate level of intention to leave profession in this current study, it is essential that nursing managers and planners attempt to reduce intention to leave profession through more support given to nurses.
Key words: Resilience, Intention to leave profession, Critical care nurses, Birjand

Funding: This study did not have any funds.
Conflict of interest: None declared.
Ethical approval: The Ethics Committee of Birjand University of Medical Sciences approved the study [IR.BUMS.REC.1396.331]

How to cite this article: Graminejad N, Ghorbani Moghaddam Z, Kazemi Majd R, Hosseini M. Association Between Resilience and Intention to Leave Profession in Critical Care Nurses in Educational Hospitals of Birjand University of Medical Sciences in 2018: A Descriptive Study. J Rafsanjan Univ Med Sci 2020; 18 (11): 1103-14. [Farsi]


This paper tracks stylistic variation in the use of two roughly synonymous suffixes, the Romance -ity and the native -ness, during the Early Modern English period. We seek to verify from a statistical viewpoint the claims of Rodríguez-Puente (2020), who reports on a decrease of -ness in favour of -ity in registers representative of the speech-written and formal-informal continua at that time. To this end, we develop new methods of statistical and visual analysis that enable diachronic comparisons of competing processes across subcorpora, building upon an earlier method by Säily and Suomela (2009). Our results confirm that -ity gained ground first in written registers and then spread towards speech-related registers, and we are able to time this change more accurately thanks to a novel periodisation. We also provide strong statistical support indicating that the proportion of -ity was significantly higher in legal registers than in other registers.


Sir, Amiodarone-caused pulmonary toxicity, including interstitial lung diseases, is a well-known side effect and its incidence has been reported as approximately 5.7%.1 In addition, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors, which are oral hypoglycaemic agents to treat patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, recently attracted physicians' attention as a cause of drug-induced interstitial lung diseases.2–4 Notwithstanding, there must be patients who are prescribed both DPP-4 inhibitors and amiodarone simultaneously. In such cases, patients might have an increased risk for interstitial lung disease.


Thalraka A nanda and C harm alie N ahallage Abstract Sri L anka is a country m ade up o f diverse ethnoreligious and sociocultural groups. C ertain m inority groups am ong them have d istinct religious practices and b e lie f system s due to the ir iso lation from m ainstream society th ro u g h o u t history. M eem ure, a v illage in the C entral P rovince o f Sri L anka, is one such ' village tha t has a unique culture w hich is distinctly d ifferent in several aspects . from m ainstream cultural practices. T he v illagers o f M eem ure a re believed to be descendants o f K ing R avana and h is Yaksha gothra , o r th e Y aksha tribe. The principle deity, o r deviyo o f the v illage is B andara deviyo, considered the grandfather o f K ing Ravana. M any o f the ir folktales are based on th e stories o f k ing Ravana. Yakkama and Adukku rituals are d istinctive form s o f religious w orship am ong th e M eem ure v illagers w hich w ere done according to the traditional know ledge fo r a ll th e v illage deities. T he m ain objective o f this research w as to find ou t and to describe unique religious and cultural practices including religious perform ances, rituals and b e lie f system s as they are practised in M eem ure. M em bers o f the o ldest fam ilies in M eem ure w ere selected for a questionnaire survey. In-depth interview s w ere conducted w ith eight villagers w ho w ere know ledgeable about relig ious practices in order to obtain further inform ation. T he study found tha t d ie assim ilation w ith the m ainstream society particularly am ong th e younger m em bers o f the fam ilies, and a tendency to reject traditional religious know ledge and b e lie f system has had a pronounced effect on the valued traditional relig ious perform ances. Thus, these distinctive b e lie f system s and perform ances are at risk o f disappearing, therefore m ust be studied, docum ented and preserved for the future. K ey W o rd s : Adukku Pujaw a , B elief System s, M eem ure, R eligious practices, Yakkama


The invention can be used as an abrasive material as an oxide solid solution powder composed mainly of cerium oxide, and providing that a high polished surface to obtain a polished surface of accuracy when used as an abrasive to challenge. In order to solve the above problems, an oxide solid solution powder with a calcium oxide to the rare earth oxide mainly composed of cerium oxide contained in solid solution is high polished using this when polishing a glass material such as a glass substrate surface to obtain a polished surface of the precision which will, it is suitable as an abrasive. When employing the calcium element in the rare earth oxide mainly composed of cerium oxide, a chemical yeonmaryeok higher, it is considered that polishing surface than is obtained with high precision. Solid solution oxide, cerium oxide, rare earth oxide, abrasive


Objective:
To compare early changes in dry eye after femtosecond lenticule extraction (FLEx) and small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE).

Methods:
Twenty-eight subjects (56 eyes) underwent FLEx and 33 subjects (66 eyes) underwent SMILE in this prospective non-randomized study at the Refractive Center of Hainan Eye Hospital and Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology from February to October 2014. Ocular surface disease index (OSDI), Schirmer Ⅰ test (SⅠT), noninvasive tear breakup time (NIBUT), and tear meniscus height (TMH) were evaluated at 1 day, 1 week and 1 month after surgery but corneal fluorescein staining (FL) was measured only at 1 week and 1 month postoperatively in all patients. Concentrations of interleukin-1α (IL-1α) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in collected tears were assessed by multiplex antibody microarray at 1 day, 1 week and 1 month after surgery in both groups. Data were analyzed using repented measured ANOVA.

Results:
The NIBUT of the FLEx group was shorter than that of the SMILE group (P=0.029) and the FL scores of FLEx were worse than that of the SMILE group (P=0.037) at 1 week after surgery. OSDI scores of both groups were better than baseline levels (all P<0.001). There were no significant changes found in OSDI, SⅠT and TMH between the FLEx and SMILE groups. Higher tear concentrations of IL-1α were found in the FLEx group than that in the SMILE group (P=0.019). There was no significant difference in tear concentrations of TNF-α between the two groups.

Conclusions:
The early dry eye in the SMILE group was milder than in the FLEx group.

Key words:
femtosecond lenticule extraction; small incision lenticule extraction; dry eye


The complexity of modern aerospace electric equipment is higher than before, thus it cannot meet the need of speedy fault diagnosis to use single diagnosis pattern. Multi-resource information fusion is imported to the fault diagnosis of electronic equipment in this paper, use all stages information of multi-sensor and multiple information resource, adopt composite disposal, namely integrate the fusion of data, character and decision, and unite the fusion structure of distributed and integrated. The multi-resource fusion diagnosis structure and the fusion arithmetic are detailed. Finally, a computer simulation example is carried out; the simulation result shows that the method is effective and practical.


Background: Malondialdehyde (MDA) released during oxidative stress modifies proteins covalently. Results: The C terminus of complement regulator factor H binds negative patches on MDA-modified proteins, and aHUS-related mutations affect the interaction. Conclusion: Defects in factor H binding to MDA-modified surfaces might allow deleterious complement activation on them. Significance: MDA-modifications are potentially a new factor in aHUS pathogenesis. Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) is a severe thrombotic microangiopathy characterized by uncontrolled complement activation against endothelial and blood cells. Mutations in the C-terminal target recognition domains 19–20 of complement regulator factor H (FH) are strongly associated with aHUS, but the mechanisms triggering disease onset have remained unresolved. Here we report that several aHUS-related mutations alter the binding of FH19–20 to proteins where lysines have reacted with malondialdehyde (MDA). Although FH19–20 did not interact with MDA-modified hexylamine, lysine-containing peptides, or a proteolytically degraded protein, it bound to MDA-modified polylysine. This suggests that FH19–20 recognizes only clustered MDA adducts. Binding of MDA-modified BSA to FH19–20 was ionic by nature, depended on positive residues of FH19–20, and competed with the polyanions heparin and DNA. This could not be explained with the mainly neutral adducts known to form in MDA modification. When positive charges of lysines were eliminated by acetic anhydride instead of MDA, the acetylated BSA started to bind FH19–20. Together, these results indicate that negative charges on the modified proteins dominate the interaction with FH19–20. This is beneficial for the physiological function of FH because by binding to the negative charges of the modified target, FH could prevent excess complement activation initiated by naturally occurring antibodies recognizing MDA epitopes with multiple different structures. We propose that oxidative stress leading to formation of MDA adducts is a common feature for triggers of aHUS and that failure of FH in protecting MDA-modified surfaces from complement activation is involved in the pathogenesis of the disease.


The experiment in the salt tolerance of four different wheat varieties was conducted and the length of young seedling,vitality of POD,chlorophyll content,vitality of root,conductivity and the quantum of the dissociative PRO were the physiologic index.The differences among each indexes of four varieties were compared and analyzed.The result indicated that the change of the index was remark;and the salt tolerance of Aizao 781 was the strongest;Bainong 3236 was second,Wenmai 8 and Aikang 58 were weak.


The temperature dependence of magnetization was measured for erbium orthochromite ErCrO 3 under high pressures using a commercial superconductivity quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometer. We used a piston–cylinder-type pressure cell, which can apply pressures of up to 2.0 GPa at room temperature. A high-pressure effect on magnetization can be observed at temperatures near T c1 and T c2 . The stability of the ferromagnetic Γ 4 phase increases with increasing applied pressure. The applied field-dependence of magnetization was also measured under high pressures.


A set of ring-shaped test structures is presented for electrical characterization of 2D as-deposited layers on Si that electrically interact with the substrate. The test method is illustrated by investigation of 3 different nm-thin layers that are expected to form an interfacial layer of negative fixed charge. A test procedure is described that gives a low turnaround time and non-destructive way of evaluating different deposition methods in terms of diode characteristics, interface conductance, and electron carrier injection into the deposited layer.


We present the structure of photonic crystal fibers and give a characterization results in birefringence and chromatic dispersion using scanning near field optical microscopy and low coherence interferometry.


Tara Kirkpatrick Biology JUST WHAT THE DOCTOR ORDERED: REFORMATION OF THE U.S. HEALTHCARE SYSTEM THROUGH A DOSE OF PREVENTIVE AND PRIMARY CARE (141 pages) Advisor: Rita Axford This thesis explores the current healthcare crisis in the United States (US) where more than $2 trillion are spent each year on healthcare and 47 million Americans remain uninsured, and argues that to create realistic, sustainable change there needs to be a paradigm shift in the way Americans view health and healthcare. Currently, the focus of US healthcare is sickcare rather than the maintenance of wellness, which is evident in the allocation of healthcare resources to treat medical conditions after they have become complicated and expensive. This thesis proposes that by shifting healthcare resources from expensive secondary and tertiary care for a few to preventive and primary care for all, the US could use the current healthcare resources more efficiently to cover all Americans and create a healthier population. This thesis first presents a short history of healthcare in the US and briefly describes the different programs and procedures in place in the US healthcare system. It then considers the current problems in the system specifically in cost, quality and access. Next, using diabetes mellitus type II as a case study, the argument for primary and preventive care over sickcare is made. This thesis then explores reform possibilities drawing from models of different countries and initial potential 2008 presidential candidates. The thesis is concluded with a short reform proposal from the author touching on key elements that she believes are necessary to create sustainable change in health and the healthcare system in the US. JUST WHAT THE DOCTOR ORDERED: REFORMATION OF THE U.S. HEALTHCARE SYSTEM THROUGH A DOSE OF PREVENTIVE AND PRIMARY CARE A thesis submitted to Regis College The Honors Program in partial fulfillment of the requirements for Graduation with Honors by Tara Kirkpatrick


Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of Remifentanil in laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Methods 60 cases were randomly divided into Remifentanil group and Fentanyl group with 30 cases in each.Before operation,Remifentanil group was given Remifentanil,while Fentanyl group was given Fentanyl.10 minites later,both groups were given propofol and succinylcholine iv to induce.BP and HR of before medication,intubation,skin incision,30 minutes after operation and extubation,as well as the time between the end points of operation to extubation of 2 groups were recorded.Results The SBP,DBP and HR of Remifentanil group at the time points of before medication,intubation,skin incision,30 minutes after operation had no statistical significance with those of Fentanyl group(P0.05).The SBP at the time points of 10 minutes after medication and extubation of Remifentanil group were respectively lower than those of Fentanyl group,and the differences were statistically significant(P0.05,P0.01).The average time of extubation of Remifentanil group was (6.36±3.29)min shorter than(8.79±4.48)min of Fentanyl group,and the difference was statistically significant(P0.05).The difference of other parameter has no statistics significance.Conclusion Remifentanil has better effect of controling blood pressure in laparoscopic cholecystectomy,which can reduce the danger of cerebral vessel,with shorter extubation,so it has more advantage in short time general anesthesia.


Latent print age estimation is an important topic in the emerging field of digitized crime scene forensics. While several capturing devices have recently been studied towards this goal, hyperspectral imaging in the UV/VIS (ultraviolet and visible light) range of the electromagnetic spectrum has not been investigated so far. Addressing this research gap, a first qualitative evaluation on the aging behavior of 30 latent print time series from 6 different donors is conducted, utilizing an optical reflection spectrometer. Results show more unpredictable aging tendencies in the ultraviolet spectral range, whereas a general logarithmic trend from prior work (using non-spectral capturing devices) is confirmed for the visible light band. Furthermore, a different behavior of eccrine and sebaceous print components is found, especially in the ultraviolet band, where sebaceous components seem to become reflective to the emitted radiation and might furthermore be utilized for studying longer aging periods in contrast to eccrine prints. Overall, the combined degradation information of the ultraviolet and the visible light band seem to provide the most reliable results for measuring a reproducible aging trend, serving as a potential opportunity to address the strong influence of different sweat compositions on the aging behavior of latent prints.


Poverty refers to the situation where individuals do not have enough income to meet their needs. Poverty is a crucial problem for both developed and developing countries. Therefore, countries are trying to develop some policies for the solution of poverty, which is an important problem. Public health expenditures are one of the expenditure items of the state. In this context, an econometric analysis is applied for 24 OECD countries in the present study. The study covers the years 2006 to 2019. The relationship between poverty risk and public health expenditures for 24 OECD countries is analyzed using annual data. In the analysis, the risk of poverty is employed as the dependent variable and health expenditures as the independent variable. The study aims to analyze the relationship between the risk of poverty and public health expenditures in 24 OECD countries. It contributes to the literature in terms of analyzing a large sample using up-to-date data and being the first study to analyze the relationship between public health expenditures and poverty using the relevant variables. The method used in the study is the Westerlund Variance Ratio Panel Cointegration test. In the study, the stationarity test of the series is tested via the CIPS panel unit root test. The long-term cointegration coefficients are estimated by the Mean Group Estimator method. Results show that there is a long-term cointegration relationship between public health expenditures and the risk of poverty. In addition, it has been concluded that the increase in health expenditures reduces the risk of poverty in the long run.


To continue supporting the implementation of the Asphalt Mixture Performance Tester (AMPT) for Superpave mix design and for asphalt pavement design and analysis, a western workshop on the AMPT was organized by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) and the National Center for Asphalt Technology (NCAT) at the Nevada Department of Transportation (NDOT) headquarters in Carson City, Nevada on September 24 and 25, 2013. This workshop was specifically organized for state DOT representatives from the Rocky Mountain Asphalt User and Producer Group (RMAUPG) and the Pacific Coast Conference on Asphalt Specifications, who were not able to attend the national AMPT workshop in Atlanta, Georgia in September 2012. Since many of the participants of the western workshop were not familiar with the AMPT, the workshop included both (1) a discussion of the development and implementation of AMPT and relevant test procedures, and (2) a hands-on demonstration of the testing equipment in the NDOT materials laboratory. This report summarizes the information presented at the workshop and the challenges, potential solutions, and future needs discussed in the round table discussion sessions for implementing the AMPT.


Human action recognition in videos is a challenging task in the field of computer vision. Based on the idea of integrating temporal and spatial feature, many works have proposed a variety of methods for extracting spatiotemporal features, such as two-stream network and 3D convolution neural network (3D-CNN). However, due to the huge computational cost of optical flow for two-stream network and the huge number of parameters of 3D-CNN, the computational time required for action recognition is very long, therefore it is difficult to meet the requirements of real-time recognition. This paper aims to explore an efficient architecture of 3D-CNN for action recognition. On the premise of guaranteeing the recognition accuracy, we aim to greatly reduce the computational cost. In order to ensure good performance while reducing the amount of input data, we present Global Evaluate-and-Rescale (GER) Network, which is able to automatically extract the key frames of input data. We have evaluated the performance of our proposed model on two challenging human action recognition datasets UCF101 and HMDB51. The experimental results show that GER Network can reduce up to 50% of the computation time for recognition while achieving approximate accuracy with state-of-the-art 3D-CNN models.


Objective To perform multi -condition combination query in the browse window based on PowerBuilder datawindow technology. Methods After the interested combination of query conditions specified on certain columns in datawindow was constructed by if...then statement, the setfilter () and filter () function was used to retrieve and display data which met the filter criteria. Results A flexible query object was incorporated into the data browsing window. Conclusion The datawindow-based query is suitable for situations where batch of data are filtered against not so many columns.


The effect of ozone depletion on temperature trends in the tropical lower stratosphere is explored with an atmospheric general circulation model, and directly contrasted to the effect of increased greenhouse gases and warmer sea surface temperatures. Confirming and extending earlier studies we find that, over the second half of the 20th Century, the lower-stratospheric cooling caused by ozone depletion is several times larger than that induced by increased greenhouse gases and higher sea surface temperatures. Moreover, our model suggests that the response to different forcings is highly additive. Finally we demonstrate that when ozone depletion alone is prescribed in our model, the seasonal cycle of the resultant cooling response in the lower stratosphere bears a very high resemblance to the one of the recently reported trends in satellite and radiosonde observations: this results offers new, strong evidence for the key role of stratospheric ozone on tropical lower-stratospheric temperature trends.


Deep learning has brought unprecedented progress to image inpainting. However, the existing methods often generate images with blurry textures and distorted structures because they may either fail to maintain semantic consistency or restore fine-grained textures. In this paper, we propose a two-stage adversarial model to further improve the accuracy of the structure and details of image inpainting. Our model splits the inpainting task into two parts: semantic structure reconstructor and texture generator. In the first stage, we first utilize the semantic structure map based on the unsupervised segmentation to train the semantic structure reconstructor, which completes the missing structures of the inputs and maintains consistency between the missing part and the overall image. In the second stage, we introduce the spatial-channel attention (SCA) module to obtain the fine-grained textures. The SCA module strengthens the capability to obtain information from the long-distance pixel and different channels of the model. Furthermore, we propose a spatial-channel loss to stabilize the network training process and improve visual effects. Finally, we evaluate our model over the publicly available datasets CelebA, Places2, and Paris StreetView. When the inpainting tasks involved in large-area defects or heavy structure, the experimental results show that our method has a higher inpainting quality than the existing state-of-the-art approaches.


Abstract The Soviet Union was formally replaced by the Russian Federation on 25 December 1991. Americans felt they had won the Cold War. Russians felt an angry sense of humiliation. The Soviet potential for collapse had become visible after Josef Stalin died in 1953. It was not corrected by the Soviet leadership nor picked up by Western governments, and it was masked by Soviet military and international success. But eventually the Soviet leadership could no longer ignore the growing crisis. They appointed Mikhail Gorbachev to find a remedy. He failed. His eventual successor, Vladimir Putin, used force to restore Russia's role abroad, but ran an increasingly brutal and corrupt regime at home. Russians had hoped that Russia might become prosperous and stable, on good terms with its neighbours. Though that hope was much diminished by Christmas 2021, a flicker nevertheless remained.


The reduced EHL line contact model was developed and validated in a previous work [1] [2] where it was shown that the elastic deformation of the contacting solids can be obtained using less than 30 degrees of freedom. This lead to a significant reduction in the size of the matrix system to solve leading to reduced memory usage and computational times. In fact, cpu times for the reduced line contact model were shown to be an order of magnitude smaller than for the full model. In addition, model reduction errors of the order of only 1‰ were obtained for both central and minimum film thicknesses. In this work, the model order reduction technique developed in [1] and [2] is extended to the case of circular contacts. It consists in defining the elastic deformation of the solid components as a linear combination of carefully selected and pre-computed EHL deformations called "basis functions". The model is based on a finite element discretization of the EHL equations: Reynolds, linear elasticity and load balance. All equations are solved simultaneously in a fully-coupled framework using a damped-Newton procedure allowing fast convergence rates for the global solution. The free boundary arising at the exit of the contact is handled by means of a penalty method. Fig. 1 shows typical pressure and film thickness profiles for a circular contact (M=200, L=20) obtained using the reduced model. The elastic deformation of the contacting solids is also obtained using less than 30 degrees of freedom allowing a significant reduction in cpu time and memory requirements compared to the full model.


PROBLEM: Previous studies have established that in vitro proliferation of endometrial cells is enhanced by peripheral blood monocytes (PBM) and suppressed by peritoneal macrophages (PM) from patients with endometriosis but only suppressed by PBM and PM obtained from normal subjects. The functional activity of PBM and PM is influenced by the engagement of numerous cell surface receptors with their respective physiological ligands.


The purchasing function of a firm is more and more seen as a strategic relevant function, capable of creating a competitive advantage. One way of creating such an advantage is through receiving a preferred customer status from suppliers, and consequently, receiving preferential treatment. The focus of this research is on identifying the influence of proximity of the buyer to the supplier and obligatory public tendering procedures on having a preferred customer status with the supplier. These two new, not yet researched, influences are placed in a model alongside supplier satisfaction. This research resolves around the question: What is the influence of proximity and public tendering procedures on the preferred customer status of a buyer? Data is gathered amongst suppliers of a public organisation and analysed with PLS path modelling software. The results show that the chance of having a preferred customer status is higher if the supplier is located in the same region as the buyer. Also, the quality of the public tendering procedures used improves the probability of receiving a preferred customer status. The share of sales realised through public tendering procedures does not have an influence. This research ultimately provides suggestions for buying firms to increase the likelihood of receiving a preferred customer status from their suppliers.


Objective:To observe the expression and early pathologic changes of intercellular adhesion molecule 1(ICAM-1)and interleukin 6(IL-6)in rats after severe burus so as to demonstrate the mechanisms of early hepatic injuries and provide theoretic basis for prevention and treatment.Methods:Light and electron microscopes were employed to observe the early hepatic pathologic changes(5 minutes to 72 hours after burn).The expressions of ICAM-1 and IL-6 were observed by immunocytochemistry,in situ hybridization and image analysis.Results:Main early pathologic changes in liver were edema,hemorrhage and congestion.Injuries of the epithelium cells of capillary vessels were observed by electron microscope.Immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization showed that ICAM-1 and IL-6 began to increase 30 minutes after burns,significantly increased 2 hours to 24 hours later, and gradually decreased 72 hours later.Conclusion:ICAM-1 and IL-6 may play an important role in early hepatic injuries,and the major target cell may be the endothelium cell.


Recent years have witnessed significant success of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) in human activity recognition (HAR) using wearable sensors. Nevertheless, prior works have an obvious drawback. An activity sample may contain heterogeneous sensor modalities from different body parts. Moreover, the significance of each modality will change over time. Because a normal convolution filter usually samples activity data at a fixed regular grid, it is hard to capture salient features of activities along different sensor modalities or time intervals. What is the best filter form for activity recognition still remains a challenging task. In this article, to resolve this issue, we present a new deformable convolutional network for recognizing human activities from intricate sensory data. Specifically, the learned offsets and the feature amplitudes are added into standard convolution, which can be modulated to allow more free-form deformation over the sampling grid for sensory data. Comparing previous results, we achieve state-of-the-art recognition accuracies, e.g., 82.91%, 80.02%, 97.35%, and 99.21%, respectively, on several benchmark HAR datasets, including OPPORTUNITY, UNIMIB-SHAR, USC-HAD, and WISDM, hence indicating the advantage of the proposed method. The visual analysis is provided, which shows that the deformation could be conditioned on different input activity samples. The receptive field and the sampling locations can be adjusted in an adaptive manner, which leads to better interpretability for deep model behaviors. Installing PyTorch on a Raspberry Pi 3 B plus system, we evaluate actual run time of the deformable model. The results show that the deformable filter is able to still maintain almost the same inference time, which is very beneficial for activity recognition tasks. Our work can promote further research by leveraging intermodulating information to connect the deformable convolution and attention modules.


Introduction. Polyethylene is the most widely used material in various fields of the national economy, and products made of it have essential advantages, such as lightness, insolubility in organic solutions with quite satisfactory strength. However, the mechanism of its destruction is quite complex and depends on the working conditions and substances, which are in contact with it. The research purpose was to study the polyethylene resistance to oil and associated water under the static and dynamic conditions and at room temperature.Methods and Materials. The research was carried out on a laboratory device for passing various liquids (oil, associated and distilled water) in polyethylene pipes, assembled by the author of the article. While working, methods of statistical and dynamic data processing were applied.Results. Based on the results of previous experiments, graphs were plotted for the change in the weight and volume of immersed granules over time. They have shown that polyethylene has a quadratic dependence, and diffusion for the three liquids studied in this work (distilled water, accompanying water and oil) is described by Fick's law. This indicates the fact that the rate of liquid diffusion through polyethylene is the key factor.Discussion and Conclusions. The obtained results have shown that the rate of liquid diffusion through polyethylene is the key factor. Immersion in oil has a greater impact than immersion in associated or distilled water due to the presence of salts. It has been found out that the relative change in the weight and thickness of the polyethylene pipe walls through which oil passes is greater than those through which the associated water passes. Moreover, the microscopic cross sections images in the samples before and after the tests have confirmed the obtained results.


PURPOSE: A method for setting an audio and a video output mode and a television receiver according to the method are provided to set an audio and a video output mode relevant to a program in a television receiver by automatically selecting the audio and the video output mode. CONSTITUTION: A microprocessor receives an EPG(200). The microprocessor stores information on a program and a program category included in the EPG(202). The microprocessor performs an operation for processing the EPG(204). The microprocessor searches whether a user selects a program using a keypad or an IR remote controller(206). The microprocessor performs relevant operations(208). The microprocessor controls a tuner and a TS decoder(210). The microprocessor reads a category of the program selected by the user from a memory unit(212). The microprocessor reads an audio and a video output mode relevant to the category from a table(214).


(57) [Abstract] a value that represents the readings of localized to the instantaneous value of the panel irradiation of to the shooting for radiation, used as an input for the calculation of the imaging energy dose was accumulated, control the whole of the shooting radiation dose to. A capacitive coupling matrix-addressed imaging panel having an array of sensors (40) comprising a localized area of the imaging panel shown (318) are each in the area a signal representative of the intrinsic radiation It has one or more of the AEC electrode reception area zone to provide a (750). In another embodiment, the imaging array, reads the capacitive coupling between the electrodes and the data lines in the radiation sensor and processed to contain data line signal monitoring region providing (770) an AEC signal. Another embodiment, the imaging array includes both AEC electrode area coverage area (750) and the data line signal monitoring region (770), AEC control device for control of these radiation sources with respect to the imaging array (312) bind to.


BACKGROUND
Self-assessment is an important introspective skill that dental professionals will utilise throughout their professional career. Its value lies in its ability to help individuals identify areas of strengths and weakness, and subsequently seek further development of professional skills where needed. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between self-assessed confidence and the assessment grade of final-year dental students based on the professional attributes and competencies of newly qualified dentists outlined by the Australian Dental Council (ADC).

METHODS
Ethical approval was obtained prior to distribution of a questionnaire with 45 statements to final year dental students. The survey was created based on the learning outcomes of the ADC guidelines in the domains of 'scientific and clinical knowledge' and 'patient care'. Participants indicated their level of self-assessed confidence by marking 'X' on a visual analogue scale (VAS) from zero ('No Confidence') to 10 cm ('Very Confident'). The assessment grade was based on OSCE, viva voce, case report and written paper.

RESULTS
A total of 58 (71.6%) dental students participated in the survey. The reported self-assessed confidence over two domains were, under 'patient care': clinical information gathering 8.92±1.07cm (range=3.94-10.0cm: n=58; 100%), clinical diagnosis and management planning 8.26±1.34cm (range=0.50-9.95cm: n=55; 94.8%), clinical treatment and evaluation, 6.07±1.69cm (range=0-10.00cm: n=55; 94.8%), and 'scientific and clinical knowledge': 6.98±1.58cm (range=0-10.00cm: n=58; 100.0%). Within these categories, high confidence was reported for routine dental care (caries management and preventive care) while lower confidence was reported for the management of oral medicine and pathologies, dental emergencies, trauma, paediatric dentistry and prosthodontics. Correlation between the assessment grade and the overall score of self-assessed confidence is low positive (r=0.225) and not statistically significant (n=46; p=0.132, Spearman'sρ).

CONCLUSIONS
The final-year dental students appear to have good overall self-assessed confidence in core areas of general dentistry. However, confidence seems to be over-estimated when compared with summative assessment.


The muscular structures of the body are interconnected, with the cervical and masticatory systems forming a part of the complex called Manducatory System, which is a part of the organic postural system. Alterations in one of these components induce compensatory changes and affect other systems. These adjustments can lead to temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) and craniocervical dysfunction. Their etiology is multifactorial, with a high prevalence of chronic pain, especially in cases of headaches. Cervical alterations are common in TMD, considering the degree of pain and discomfort experienced by patients. This study aimed to conduct a survey of medical records regarding the frequency of TMD with cervical changes in patients who visited our institution between 2017 and 2019. Approximately 81.86% of patients showed cervical changes, and the sternocleidomastoid muscle showed the greatest involvement, especially in the mastoid portion. TMD showed greater involvement in women and was most prevalent between 40-49 years of age. This study contributes to scientific literature, since there are few reports highlighting the need to promote research and financial support in this subject area, which can help improve the diagnosis and treatment of these craniocervicomandibular disorders.


The usual breakdown and its reasons of horizontal fast mounting boiler's furnace wall and thermal isolating layer is analyzed. This paper presents improvement measures,and it has significance for operation,maintenance and energy saving of fast mounting boiler.


Habitat selection in ungulates should ensure access to abundant forage of sufficiently high quality. Species living in rugged mountain areas have to face nutritional bottlenecks regularly and should show particularly sophisticated habitat selection behaviour. However, patterns and mechanisms of such adaptations remain little studied. We analysed habitat selection and its seasonal variability of 10 GPS-collared red deer Cervus elaphus living in a topographically challenging landscape of the Swiss Alps. We hypothesised that resource selection by red deer was scale-dependent and predicted that scale-dependence would vary among seasons in relation to seasonal changes of available forage biomass and quality, which we sampled across the entire study area of 250 km 2 . The studied population of Alpine red deer undertook altitudinal migrations and showed scale-dependent habitat selection that was strongest in winter and declined through spring and summer. Selection occurred mostly at the larger (landscape/home-range location) scale and less so at the smaller (within home-range) scale. Topographic parameters were selected mainly at the landscape scale and mostly in winter. About 70% of all instances of preference for habitat parameters were associated with above-average forage characteristics, represented mostly by higher crude protein content, in a few cases also by higher biomass or both. The overall pattern of space use by red deer characterised by migration and seasonal habitat selection was therefore closely linked to the quality of food resources, although some trade-offs with avoiding human disturbance may also have been involved.


Objective To study the characteristics of the event-related potentials in the directed forgetting between non-depressed and depressed individuals.Methods 20 non-depressed and 11 depressed individuals performed a parametric ERP design with the directed forgetting task.They were required to forget or remember the words,while the EEG was recorded during they performed the task.Results(1)P100,N170,P200,N400 were evoked during the directed forgetting task,especially in right occipital-parietal,occipital-temporal cortex of the brain.(2)There were significant main effects in both inter-group factors and type of instructions for N170 latency and amplitude(F=5.86,9.18,5.30,P0.05),type of instructions for P100,P200,N400 latency(F=17.94,10.51,4.28,P0.05).(3)The latency of N170,P100,P200 with the depressed were obviously longer than the non-depressed under the TBR(172.40 ms vs 179.9 ms,130.80 ms vs 142.36 ms,257.50 ms vs 279.64 ms,P0.05).And P200,N170 were longer under the TBF(240.20 ms vs 265.60 ms,172.30 ms vs 183.27 ms,P0.05).(4)The latency of N170,P200 and the amplitude of N170,P100 evoked by positive words,the latency of P100,P200 by negative words in the depressed were longer than the non-depressed(257.50 ms vs 279.64 ms,235.69 ms vs 265.45 ms;120.20 ms vs 136.54 ms,236.80 ms vs 255.45 ms,P0.05).Conclusion There are characteristic features in ERPs of emotional words in the directed forgetting task.The selection and attention on the early stage of information process with the depressed subjects have the significant differences.


Abstract Sarcopenia, characterised by loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength with age, is a significant risk factor for loss of mobility and independence. The combination of low muscle mass and high fat mass in sarcopenic obesity is associated with particularly poor outcomes. Micronutrient deficiencies can occur alongside obesity despite total energy surplus, and older individuals may be at greater risk of deficiency. Research suggests vitamin C is important for musculoskeletal health, but the relationship with obesity is underexplored. This study aimed to investigate associations of plasma vitamin C with obesity status and explore the relationship with the sarcopenic risk factor, low skeletal muscle mass. EPIC-Norfolk cohort study data were analysed. Bioelectrical impedance analysis-estimated fat free mass (FFM; a proxy for skeletal muscle mass) was adjusted for BMI to give a scaled variable, FFMBMI. A 'low muscle mass' category was defined as individuals with the lowest 10% FFMBMI, representing those at high risk of sarcopenia. Plasma vitamin C (ascorbic acid) concentrations were categorised as inadequate (< 50micromol/L) or adequate (≥ 50micromol/L), and obesity status as non-obese (< 30kg/m2) or obese (≥ 30kg/m2). Individuals were grouped according to vitamin C and obesity status: 1, non-obese and adequate vitamin C; 2, non-obese and inadequate vitamin C; 3, obese and adequate vitamin C; and 4, obese and inadequate vitamin C. Using logistic regression, the odds ratio (OR) of each vitamin/obesity status group was calculated in relation to membership of the 'low muscle mass' category. Analyses were sex-stratified and adjusted for age, smoking status, physical activity, social class, menopausal and HRT status in women, statin use, and corticosteroid use. Data were analysed for 5903 men (mean 62.9 years, SD 9.0) and 7416 women (mean 61.5 years, SD 9.0). Prevalence of vitamin C inadequacy was higher in obese vs non-obese individuals (men 45.8% vs 33.0%; and women 26.0% vs 15.3%). The odds of 'low muscle mass' were higher in all vitamin/obesity status groups vs group 1, but the greatest odds were seen for group 4 (combined obesity and inadequate vitamin C) in men (OR 16.5, 95% CI: 12.6–21.6; p < 0.001) and women (OR 30.2, 95% CI: 23.0–39.8; p < 0.001). In this cohort of older individuals higher prevalence of vitamin C inadequacy is associated with obese individuals. Of importance to musculoskeletal health and our understanding of sarcopenia is the observation that while vitamin C inadequacy and obesity are each independently important, their coexistence is a particularly strong predictor of sarcopenic risk.


We examine the effect of yaw on the frequency of oscillations in an open cavity when placed in a supersonic flow.


The alcoholic continuous fermentation using starchiness materials as saccharifying fermented materials to immobilize glucoamglase preparation and yeasts by alginate jell was studied. It showed that as diluted rate, total saccharide, reducing sugar and the retention period of fermented liquid in reaction tank were 0.155 h -1 ,119.8 g·L -1 ,80.33 g·L -1 , and 3.1 hrs respectively, the remaining total sugar was 3.7 g·L -1 , remaining reducing sugar was 0.6 g·L -1 ,and the utilization ratio of total sugar was 96.91%.


The main objective of electricity regulators when establishing electricity markets is to decrease the cost of electricity through competition. However, this scenario can not be achieved without the full participation of the electricity demand. The aim of this paper is to propose a procedure, through the detection of electricity-price patterns based on what happened in the energy markets the previous day, which could help customers and aggregators to take decisions in Electricity Markets. In this way, the capacity of a methodology (Statistical Ward's Linkage) to classify and forecast high electricity market prices is analyzed. Besides, some price-patterns were found in the abovementioned clusters. The knowledge contained within these patterns supplies customers with market-based information on which to focus its energy use decision to improve the usefulness of Demand Response Initiatives.


The growth of Internet eXchange Points (IXPs) as an important component in the Internet Autonomous System (AS) level topology has led to the need for a detailed evaluation of their effect on Internet topology evolution and inter-domain packet routing. In this work, we carry out initial measurements to analyze the effect of the additional peering links and observe path quality in terms of round-trip time and loss rates of routes going through an IXP between pairs of Internet hosts. We observe significant effects of IXP-links on Internet growth and topology evolution while the routing performance points to numerous cases of Triangle Inequality Violations (TIVs) due to the IXP switches.


MSM differs in appearance and composition. It must be declared in the ingredient list of meat preparations. The calcium concentration is normal used as a chemical indicator substance. The regulation (EC) No 853/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 April 2004 requires: MSM produced using techniques that do not alter the structure of the hones used in the production of MSM and the calcium con-tent of which is not significantly higher than that of minced meat. Actually data were not available for minced meat. The ALTS organized between 2003 and 2005 a survey of calcium content in meat, minced meat (pork, beef, poultry) and MSM. The results (n=443) show that the calcium content is < 150 ppm. Including a tolerance of 50 ppm a limit of 200 ppm is emphasized.


The aim of this study was to determine the nutrient content and to characterize the bioactive compounds of Goroho banana (Musa acumunafe sp) stem meal fermented with Trichoderma viride. Parameter measured were proximate analysis, amino acid, phytochemical, antioxidant potency of goroho banana (Musa acumunafe sp) stem meal fermented. Data were analysed using descriptive method. Results showed that crude protein, crude fibre, crude fat, Ca, P, and gross energy were 4.86%, 22.03, 0.94, 0.42, 0.18 and 3156.67 Kkal/kg, respectively. Amino acid were analyse using HPLC and demonstrated that it was composed by 16 amino acids. Seven of them were essential amino acids; lysine (0.41 %) histidine (0.23 %), leucine (0.56 %), threonine (1.13 %), valine (0.11%), methionine (0.11 %), isoleucine (0.41 %), phenylalanine (0.39 %), and nine of them were non-essential amino acids; serine (0.31 %), aspartic acid (0.56 %), arginine (1.13 %), proline (0.38 %), glutamic acid (0.70 %), glycine (0.33 %), alanine (0.34 %), and tyrosine (0.30 %). Phytochemical screening by colour visualization showed the presence of flavonoid 0.06 % (w/w) and analysis by titrimetric tannin 0.01 %. Vitamins C and E compound were analysed by HPLC, whereas Vitamin C (Ascorbat acid) was 437 mg/kg and Vitamin E (Tocopherol) was < 0.01 mg/100 g. It can be concluded that Goroho banana (Musa acumunafe sp) stem meal fermented with Trichoderma viride can be used as an alternative feed.


Laser Beam Melting (LBM) systems produce three-dimensional parts from metal powder by iteratively melting the top layer of a powder bed according to the sliced part geometry and applying a new powder layer. LBM enables the production of complex geometries with mechanical properties suitable for industrial application. The adoption of LBM in application areas with high quality requirements, such as aerospace or medical requires thorough quality assurance methods, which are a current research topic. The measurement of surface roughness is time-consuming and cannot be performed on internal part surfaces, e.g. channels. We acquire high resolution layer images (20...30 μm/pixel) of the melt result of experimental build jobs and develop an in-situ method for surface roughness measurement. Part contours are segmented in each layer and surface profiles are reconstructed from successive layers. From these surface profiles the same surface roughness measures as in physical measurements are computed. Reference measurements are obtained by profilometry and compared to the image-based results. Our measurements fail to reproduce the mechanical measurement results, which may be due to insufficient image resolution or roughness deviations caused by melt extensions below the current build layer.


The connection of wind farms to the grid and their dynamic behavior under different conditions is a real challenging issue which resulted in providing new instructions for the network. One of the important topics related to grid standards is Low-Voltage Ride-Through capability. In recent years, The application of Brushless Doubly Fed Induction Generator (BDFIG) in the wind farms has drawn the attention of researchers. This generator has more advantages than other common generators, including the Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG). In this paper, the performance of the BDFIG under fault conditions in the grid is examined and monitored in order to improve LVRT while considering the dynamic model of the BDFIG connected to a wind turbine. In this method, the reactive power and speed are controlled for stable performance of the generator under various grid conditions. A converter is used to connect the stator control winding to the power grid, which DC link voltage is adjusted using multiple PI controllers under fault conditions. In addition, two controlling systems based on the conventional PI controllers are proposed to control the generator side converter and the wind turbines step angle. The results demonstrate good dynamic performance of the examined generator under different grid conditions achieved by the proposed controlling method without using any additional hardware such as a Crowbar.


FIELD: food industry. SUBSTANCE: device contains a container for poultry movement along its supplying trajectory as well as one or several means for skin removal, placed in proximity to the said trajectory. Each means for skin removal contains a rotating gripping roller along the circumference whereof longitudinal teeth are positioned; their tops turned aside from the rotation axis of the said roller and form the external friction surface of the roller. Additionally, each means for skin removal additionally contains a gripping means adjoined to the rotating gripping roller for gripping or clamping of skin between the gripping roller and the gripping means. The gripping means has an edge conjugating with the teeth tops in the process of the roller rotation; the gripping means edge passes inclined relative to the teeth tops. The method for skin removal from poultry meat is implemented by the device. EFFECT: invention ensures skin removal from poultry meat without manual labour usage. 13 cl, 8 dwg


Innovation is the first driving force to lead development, and the carrier of innovation drive is talent, and talent has been an important strategic resource to lead social development in the 21 st century. And different levels of cities should focus on the strategy of attracting talents. In this paper, based on the index data of the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomerations in 2019, we construct the evaluation talent attractiveness level score and use it to build a Bayesian quantile regression model to map the focus that cities of different levels should focus on talent attraction policies. The results show that the marginal gain of talent attraction is different for different level cities in different dimensions. By quantifying the level of talent attractiveness of different cities through the objective assignment method, we find the differences in the spatial distribution of talent attractiveness of different cities in the Yangtze River Delta region and provide theoretical guidance for the integration of the Yangtze River Delta. At the same time, by exploring the differences in the talent attractiveness of cities of different levels that should be focused on, we find the general rules and provide reference and guidance for other cities.


Summary Bertil Oden, 'Southern Africa and the Global Arena', Forum for Development Studies, No. 1–2, 1994, pp. 191–219. The article investigates how some major trends and recent changes at the global level may affect the scope for regionalisation in Southern Africa in the post-cold war, post-apartheid era. It is suggested that negative trends such as the reduced political and economic interest in the North for the region, the unpromising trends in the field of minerals, and the eroded relative advantages for the ACP countries on the EU market also contain a potential for increased regional co-operation with less outside involvement. Not necessarily as a first choice, but as an alternative to further fragmentation and decline. The increased international interest for South Africa may also benefit the whole region. Global level factors which mainly will reduce the room for regionalisation are various aspects of the transnationalisation process and high dependency on development aid.


Objective To evaluate the clinical value of serum maxker of acute myocardial infarction(AMI).Methods The content of CK-MBⅡ、MYO and cTnl were determined by using auto-immuno-chemistry luminescence method,the activation of AST、LDH and CK were determined by using enzymatic method.55 eases of AMI,50 cases of unstable angina(UA),30 cases of old myocardial in-farcfion and 28 cases of stable angina were observed.Changes of serum CK-MBⅡ、MYO,cTnI、AST、LDH and CK were detected in dif-ferent stages.The clinical Values of such 5enlln markers in diagnosis AMI wrer compared each other.Results The highest sensitivity of serum MYO was wthin 6h after the Onset of chest pain in AMI patients.The sensitivity of MYO matched with that of cTnI.CK-MBⅡwas during 6~12h,but higher than that of AST-LDH and CK-The superiority of diagnosis of eTM and CK-MB Ⅱwas outstanding during 12~24h.The sensitivity of rum eTnl was the highest during 6h.The specificity of eTnI matched with that of CK-MBⅡ,but was better than that of MYO-CK,AST and LDH.Conclusion If the level of MYO was not increase-early AMI could be eliminated,Both eTM and CK-MBⅡ、MYO would be good markel's for diagnosis AMI.


After rejecting the extremes of complete coordina tion and no coordination in answering the question posed above, Patterson and Slater make a case for the middle ground. They then proceed to emphasize some points they consider essential to any educa tional program.


Motion blur is key to delivering a sense of speed in interactive video game rendering. Further, simulating accurate camera optical exposure properties and reduction of temporal aliasing brings us closer to high quality real-time rendering productions. We describe a motion blur system that integrates image and texture space motion blur for smooth results with less than one sample per pixel. We apply the algorithm in the context of a deferred shading rendering engine used in Split/Second (Disney: Black Rock), but the method also applies to forward rendering, ray tracing or REYES style architectures.


Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. We tested the hypothesis that the choriodecidua plays a role in GBS‐stimulated human beta defensin(HBD)‐2 increases in amnion cells through a secreted factor of choriodecidual origin.


The inhabitants of seventh-century Arabia mobilized for warfare in a manner new to that region of the Near East: the effort fell, albeit gradually, under central authority. Arabia had long been a highly variegated cultural zone, encompassing the Syrian Desert, southern Mesopotamia, and the Arabian Peninsula. Acting in tandem, largely nomadic tribal forces accepted the leadership of sedentary townsmen, the great number of whom belonged to the Quraysh, an influential tribe of two towns of the Hejaz region, Mecca and Medina. If Yemen and south Arabia had long known the rule of kings, and, hence, more formal military organization, only now did the central and northern stretches of the Peninsula and southern Syria experience what can thereby be considered as early state formation. The effort was driven by an equally untested set of ethical and spiritual teachings. A charismatic figure, Muh ̇ ammad ibn ʿAbdallāh (570–632), preached a strict monotheism; these teachings served as the seedbed of what would soon be known as Islam. Inspired, at least in part, by the new teachings, Arabian military forces embarked on conquest. The Arabian/Islamic campaigns, as we will call them here, were remarkable in scope and effect, resulting as they did in the destruction of one longstanding empire (Sasanid Iran) and the humiliation of a second (Eastern Rome/Byzantium). Following a string of defeats, Byzantium withdrew from North Africa, Egypt, and Syria. The outcome, by the early eighth century, was a new imperial polity stretching eventually


on leprosy of considerable interest. Dr. G. W. McCoy, the D-irector of the Leprosy Investigation Station, has an interesting note on glandular tuberculosis among lepers at Molokai, but the glands in no way differed from ordinary tuberculosis glands observed among ordinary non-leper patients. The same writer and Dr. W. J. Goodhue, the Medical Superintendent of the Leper Settlement at Molokai, Hawaii, has collected all available data on the risk of infection incurred by healthy persons living at the Leper Settlement. The evidence concerns adults only and the duration o? contact was for a few months to many years :? For convenience of classification and to emphasize the nature of the association we have divided the contacts into two classes : First, the " kokuas " or clean persons who have lived with lepers, usually in conjugal relationship ; second, other persons, including members of nursing and religious orders, all of whom lived in less close association with the inmates than did the kokuas. The kolcuas.?The word " kokua" is a Hawaiian term for which there is no exact English equivalent. Perhaps the nearest translation would be helper, but it means rather more than this and is employed almost exclusively to designate a person who has voluntarily gone into isolation at the settlement for the purpose of affording aid and companionship to a leper, usually the husband or wife, sometimes another relative, rarely a friend. The kokuas are practically all Hawaiians or part Hawaiians. The Territorial Board of Health is authorized by law to permit a clean adult to accompany a leper to the settlement when the circumstances appear to warrant it. Upon the death of the leper or for other reasons the kokua may leave the settlement after a physical examination to determine freedom from leprosy. It frequently happens that the person remains and marries another leper. Contacts other than kokuas The members of this group are all Caucasians and inlcude priests, Franciscan sisters, brothers of the Order of St. Francis, and others whose association with lepers is of a similar nature. They come into intimate contact with diseased persons in nursing them, in applying dressings to surgical cases, etc. They do not at present live in the same houses with the inmates of the settlement; indeed in most


The guide describes clearly and simply the changes taking place in the telecommunications market in Ireland, summarises the range of advanced networks available to customers and describes the strategic and operational implications of these changes for business, as well as new opportunities and threats arising


By reviewing the development of the telecom equipment industry from fixed telephone switches to the recent Chinese 3G mobile communications technology, we conclude that the lack of matching of existing foreign products with the domestic market needs has been a primary incentive for Chinese companies to catch-up. The accessibility of knowledge through various government support schemes, alliances with foreign companies and/or own R&D efforts have shaped the capability of Chinese companies to catch-up. Government support has been an important but probably not the dominant factor. Leapfrogging strategies will usually meet more tough problems than path-following. Government plays a more important role in the leapfrogging than the path-following catching-up process. Openness to the world and encouragement of the collaboration and alliance activity can give companies in the developing countries more opportunity to access the latest knowledge. In the R&D intensive industries, FDI can be an important factor for technology transfer and catching-up.


The corrosion monitoring system was composed of a hydrogen sensor with Pd_(75)Ag_(25) alloy film,a model CP5 potentiostat and a computer.The hydrogen sensor signal was steady and reliable.The equations between 16MnR steel corrosion rate and steady current density of hydrogen permeation were used to calculate the wet H_2S corrosion rate of the interior of the equipment by detecting the hydrogen permeation.The in-situ test showed that the monitoring system could be used to monitor the wet H_2S corrosion rate of propane tank and to evaluate the safety state of the equipment operation.


Intent-based networking (IBN) facilitates the representation of consumer expectations in a declarative and domain-independent form. However, mapping intents to service and resource models remains an open challenge. IBN requires handling existing system data in a structured yet flexible structure way. Knowledge graphs provide an efficient conceptual framework for constructing contexts and organizing known information. We use knowledge graphs to construct a knowledge-based model of intents in the networking domain. In addition, this work also proposes a knowledge-based intent modeling and processing methodology, extending the standardized intent, common model proposed by TM Forum for next-generation cellular networks and services. The proposed knowledge-based IBN approach is demonstrated for next-generation cellular services, validating its potential.


Surveys Terrence reported findings from student surveys from the last 3 fall semesters (not including this one). Some of the findings include: • 68% of district students attend Gavilan, 32% go to other community colleges • those who go elsewhere are more likely to live close to San Jose, they are similar in age to Gavilan students (those over 60 years old tend not to go elsewhere), they are typically male/non-Hispanic • district students who don't have a high school diploma or a bachelor's degree or higher tend to come to Gavilan


An apparatus has been designed and fabricated to measure the thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity of relatively large geological samples in the pressure range to 0.2 GPa and the temperature range from 300–750 K. Data on a domal salt from Avery Island Mine in Southern Louisiana are presented as examples of the results obtainable from the apparatus.


Ampere's circuital law (ACL) and the law of Biot-Savart (LBS) are applied to the computation of the magnetic flux density at the center of the square loop. The results are compared and some common misunderstandings of students are clarified. It is seen that LBS is general and applies to closed or open circuits. In the case of open circuits, care must be exercised in applying the ACL. Here, two choices present themselves; one is to use a modified form of ACL appropriate to the problem at hand and the second is to use ACL in its generalized form, which takes into account the inevitable charge accumulations. >