This book seeks a better understanding of the politics, society, and culture of early-modern Korea by tracing and narrating the history of the descendants of the Koryŏ dynasty (918–1392). Decades after persecution that virtually exterminated the former royals, the Kaesŏng Wang, the Chosŏn dynasty (1392–1910) sought to bolster its legitimacy as the successor of Koryŏ. Emulating Chinese historical precedents, by the mid-fifteenth century, Chosŏn had rehabilitated the surviving Wangs. Contrary to the popular assumption that the Wangs remained politically marginalized, many fared well. The most privileged among them won the patronage of the Chosŏn court for which they performed ancestral rites in honor of certain Koryŏ rulers as selected by Chosŏn, passed government service examinations, attained prestigious offices, commanded armies, and constituted elite lineages throughout Korea. As members of a revived aristocratic descent group, the Kaesŏng Wang were committed to Confucian cultural and moral norms, at the heart of which was a subject's loyalty to the ruler—the Chosŏn monarch. At the same time, Chosŏn increasingly honored Koryŏ loyalists and legacies. An emerging body of subversive narratives, both written and oral, articulated sympathy toward the Wangs as victims of the tumultuous politics of the Koryŏ-Chosŏn dynastic change, although the Wangs themselves steered clear of this discourse until after Japan's abolition of the Chosŏn monarchy in 1910. Forces of modernity such as imperialism, colonialism, nationalism, urbanization, industrialization, and immigration transformed the Kaesŏng Wang as the progeny of fallen royals to individuals from all walks of life.


A method, system and device for securely storing data files at a remote location by splitting and reassembling said files is provided. AIR Storage is a technique comprising splitting into two separate halves a complete file that is stored on a client platform in order to form two separate data split files (DSF); storing a first DSF at a remote location, referred to as a remote DSF, wherein the remote location comprises a network server; storing a second DSF on a local device, referred to as a local DSF, wherein the local device is an external memory operably connected to said client platform, wherein said remote DSF and local DSF lose the ability to display informative content; reassembling the two halves to rebuild said complete file, wherein the splitting and assembling are performed in Random Access Memory on said client platform; and displaying said reassembled file on said client platform. AIR ware is a processing unit located on the client platform, whose main function is to split the complete file into the remote DSF and local DSF, to make the DSFs lose their ability to display informative content, and to separately send the different DSFs on the external memory device operably connected to said client platform and on the network server. When the complete file needs to be used, AIR ware then collects the two different DSFs from both locations according to user instructions, and reassembles the two different DSFs into said complete file on the client platform.


The MAONZE project (Māori and New Zealand English) uses recordings from three sets of male and female speakers to track changes in the pronunciation of Māori and evaluate influence from English. The first group of speakers were born in the late nineteenth century and recorded mostly in 1946-48. The second group of speakers are kaumātua/kuia (elders) born between 1920 and 1940, and the third group are young speakers born between 1970 and 1990. Results from the project show changes in both vowel quality and duration and some evidence of diphthong mergers especially amongst the younger speakers. Female speakers from all three age groups are ahead of the male speakers in raising the short vowels /e/ and /o/ and in glide weakening and merging in the diphthongs. Software programs were essential for the speech analyses. Most were open source and readily available for most computing environments. Modern technology also allows the development of software tools for learners interested in improving their pronunciation of Māori. In this paper, we provide overview of the technology used in the project and give details of our efforts to develop tools to assist learners to improve their own pronunciation of Māori.


ANATOMY The shoulder joint is a relatively capacious cavity between the glenoid cavity of the scapula and the head of the humerus. The shoulder joint can be located by palpating down the spine of the scapula towards the 'point of the shoulder' that comprises the cranial division of the greater tubercle of the humerus1. Both cranial and caudal parts of the greater tubercle can be palpated and with firm digital pressure a notch between the two can be detected forming the site for arthrocentesis. Arthrocentesis necessitates insertion of a needle through the cutaneous omobrachialis and cleidobrachialis muscles. Communication between the shoulder joint and the bicipital bursa has been reported1.


A method for the synthesis of β,β-difluorinated ketones by coupling of α,α-difluorinated iodides with silyl enol ethers is described. The reaction is performed in the presence of iridium(III) photocatalysts under the irradiation with 400 nm light emitting diodes.


AIM: To investigate the molecular mechanism of retrodifferentiation from epithelial ovarian cancer into vascular endothelial-like cells induced by hypoxia.METHODS: The three-dimensional culture system with Matrigel was established to culture SKOV-3 and ES-2 ovarian cancer cell lines under hypoxic condition(1% O2).Telomeric repeat amplification protocol(TRAP) and real-time RT-PCR were used to analyze the activity of telomerase and the mRNA expression of cyclin D1,p53 and v-src in endothelial-like cells differentiated from the microdissected tumors.The data were compared with those in original cancer cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs).RESULTS: The activity of telomerase was positive in SKOV-3 and ES-2 cells under normoxic condition,and was positive in SKOV-3 endothelial-like cells but negative in ES-2 endothelial-like cells under hypoxic condition.The mRNA expression of cyclin D1 in SKOV-3 and ES-2 endothelial-like cells with hypoxia was significantly lower than that in the same cells with normoxia(P0.01),but was not significantly different from that in HUVECs(P0.05).In SKOV-3 and ES-2 endothelial-like cells,the mRNA expression of p53 was higher with hypoxia than that with normoxia.No expression of v-src mRNA in all kinds of the cells under either hypoxic or normoxic condition was detected.CONCLUSION: Hypoxia induces the differentiation of SKOV-3 and ES-2 cells into vascular endothelial-like cells by decreasing telomerase activity and cyclin D1 expression,and the increasing the mRNA expression of p53.


The Engineering Design Research Center (EDRC) promotes the establishment and dissemination of a scientific basis for design based on an interdisciplinary approach to researrh and education. The Center's vision is that a scientific framework for design can exploit rapid advances in computer and communications technologies to serve the competitive need for reduced product development cycles, improved quality and reliability, and lower cost. Basic notions of the product cycle underlie the Center's strategic plan, a framework of researrh thrusts leading from barriers in design science to goals and vision. As an NSF Engineering Research Center, EDRC conducts cross-educational and industrial programs in parallel with research


The primary focus of this paper is the creation of a Machine Learning based algorithm for the analysis of large health based data sets. Our input was extracted from MIMIC-III, a large Health Record database of more than 40,000 patients. The main question was to predict if a patient will have complications during certain specified procedures performed in the hospital. These events are denoted by the icd9 code 996 in the individuals' health record. The output of our predictive model is a binary variable which outputs the value 1 if the patient is diagnosed with the specific complication or 0 if the patient is not. Our prediction algorithm is based on a Neural Network architecture, with a 90%-10% training-testing ratio. Our preliminary analysis yielded a prediction accuracy above 80%, outperforming various multi-linear models [2]. A comparative analysis of various optimizers as well as time based performance measures is also included.


Assessing the Internet as Socio-Cultural Forms The Cultural History of the Internet Cultural Forms and Socio-Technical Change The Socio-Cultural Environment of the Internet Work and the Internet Public Policy and the Internet Exclusions, Inclusion and the Internet Culture, Everyday Life and the Internet Cyber-Cultures and the Internet The Communications Environment and the Internet Conclusion Notes Glossary


We compute the first-order \alpha'α′ corrections to well-known families of heterotic multi-center black-hole solutions in five and four dimensions. The solutions can be either supersymmetric or non-supersymmetric, depending on the relative sign between two of the black-hole charges. For both cases, we find that the equilibrium of forces persists after including the \alpha'α′ corrections, as the existence of multi-center solutions free of unphysical singularities shows. We analyze the possibility of black-hole fragmentation.


ABSTRACT The influence of the size of a single ionic head group on the mesomorphic properties of hexaalkoxytriphenylenes was investigated by synthesising three derivatives with increasing head group diameter. The derivatives were investigated with optical polarising microscopy (POM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray scattering (WAXS, SAXS). For the derivative with the small trimethylammonium head group, an enantiotropic mesophase was found. The derivative with the bigger tetramethylguanidine head group only showed a monotropic phase and the derivative with the largest bisdiisopropylaminocyclopropenium head group displayed no liquid crystaline properties at all. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT


In September 2005, I found myself, in late middle age and more than two decades into my career, feeling like a student upon first studying abroad: general culture shock enhanced by academic culture shock. Coming from a writing center and writing program steeped in decades of US theory and pedagogy, I entered a space that, while partially informed by that theory and pedagogy, necessarily reflected a centuries-old British academic tradition and existed within a highly charged political and social context. As I navigated my way through the first few months working in the writing programme and writing centre at St. Mary's University College in Belfast, Northern Ireland, I began gradually to appreciate how thoroughly social and political forces insinuate themselves into the academic world. I had paid too little attention to this reality


In the present investigation, an attempt has been made to assess the various chemical forms and mobility factor (MF) for zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) in different soils of eastern Uttar Pradesh. For this purpose, surface soil (0-15 cm) samples from two different locations were collected under Entisol, Inceptisol, Vertisol and Alfisol during 2019-20 and analysis was done in the laboratory of Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, BHU, Varanasi. The modified Tessier sequential extraction procedure was used to determine the chemical pools of Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn in each soil. Results indicated that total metal content follows the order of Fe>Mn>Zn>Cu across the soil orders, whereas mobility factor of micronutrients arranged as: Mn>Cu>Zn>Fe. The highest exchangeable (F1), carbonate bound (F2), Fe-Mn oxides bound (F3), organically bound (F4) and residual (F5) fraction were recorded in Inceptisol, Vertisol, Alfisol, Inceptisol and Alfisol, respectively for micronutrients, i.e. Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn. The mean percentage value of various micronutrients fractions were in the order of F5>F3>F4>F2>F1, except Mn, whose chemical forms follows the order of F3>F5>F4>F2>F1. The Zn and Cu were highly mobile in Vertisol while Fe and Mn in Entisol.


Theoretical and experimental data relating to the downwash impingement problem are examined in order to arrive at a coherent understanding of the process of entrainment of ground particles in the flow. I t is demonstrated that a key mechanism in the process is the interaction of nonuniform flow in the ground boundary layer with bluff ground particles. This interaction produces a lift force which, under typical conditions, equals or exceeds the particle weight. In the interest of quantitative prediction of the conditions necessary for particle entrainment, four subsidiary problem areas in the impinging jet are examined. These are the viscous decay, the inviscid flow field, the ground boundary layer, and the forces on a bluff body in nonuniform flow. Applicable theories are used in conjunction with experimental data to assess the accuracy and range of validity of the theories, and to define the stream conditions which will cause particle entrainment. Available data are applied to the establishment of criteria for particle entrainment in the vicinity of the impinging-jet stagnation point. These criteria show that entrainment occurs in a finite annular region on the ground plane, and that the particles most readily entrained are those with a diameter equal to about two-thirds the thickness of the ground boundary laj^er. The configuration size is shown to influence the process in that the onset of entrainment is fixed by the jet diameter and velocity, and the size of the ground particles. The criteria established provide a quantitative estimate of the conditions causing entrainment and provide a basis for scaling experimental results to a variety of full-scale situations.


Low sidelobes in lens fed multibeam arrays present some unique problems. The technique of synthesizing low sidelobe patterns by the superposition of multiple orthogonal beams offers several advantages, particularly in lens fed arrays. It is shown that the Taylor line-source distribution is a superposition of multiple orthogonal beams. It is further shown that use of only three beams provides patterns close to the exact Taylor pattern for theoretical sidelobe levels as low as -43 dB. In an experimental implementation of the technique, sidelobe levels of -29.9 dB have been measured using three central beamports in a lens fed multibeam array. Over a 10-percent band, -28 dB levels were maintained. Trimming array cables to eliminate random phase errors lowered the sidelobe levels to -32.6 dB over a narrow band.


In another review of the literature on the helminth parasites of camels, El Bihari (71) gave a list of species encountered frequently and their pathogenic effects, together with a list of those encountered occasionally. We are aware of 30 species not men tioned by this author , who provided no information on the geographical distribution of species. It is our purpose here to present a more complete list of parasitic species together with their broad geographical distribution, pathogenic effects and the principal control measures which can be recommended.


The well-known section alongside the Great Northern Railway just north of Sandy Station shows a total thickness of about 50 feet of ferruginous sands with occasional concretionary ironstone bands, resting on the Oxford Clay. This is therefore the lowest portion of the Lower Greensand. Numerous specimens from different levels in the exposure have been collected and examined, but they were all found to be very similar, and as a matter of fact not very interesting, so that a short description will suffice.


Aims To evaluate a multiple daily injections (MDI) regimen combining lispro with multiple NPH insulin injections in order to replace basal insulin optimally.


The invention relates to a method of controlling hydrocarbon emissions emanating from a parked motor. The engine has an air path that guides fresh air from an inlet to a throttle body of the engine. The method is used for receiving at least a portion of the exiting hydrocarbon emissions within a membrane. For this purpose, a porous carbon loaded with membrane is disposed in flow communication with the airway.


Human activities play a vital role in many health-related fields of research. For example, changes in activities of daily living can predict neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease or the risk of suffering from a fall. Therefore, automatically recognizing activities in videos has become of scientific interest. In contrast to wearable devices, video cameras have the advantage of being truly unobtrusive without any physical contact, continuous as they do not require charging, and cannot be forgotten to wear. This work proposes a novel approach for multi-camera and multi-person human activity recognition (HAR) in videos. The aim is to classify each person in each frame of a video in one of the five classes: "Lying", "Sitting", "Standing", "Walking" or "Falling". We use a combination of YOLOv4 (person detection), DeepSort (tracking), a convolutional neural network (CNN, features extraction), and an attention-based multi-layer long short-term memory network (classification) to track actions of multiple subjects. Our entire dataset comprises of four publicly-available datasets (ETRI - Activity 3D, MSR Daily Activity 3D, HAR-UP Fall Dataset, High-Quality Fall Simulation Data) with a total file size of 300 gigabytes. In our experiments, we pick random subsets of 1% and 0.25% of data for training and testing respectively. We achieve a classification accuracy of 95%. In the presence of a single subject in the room, predictions from multiple cameras are combined using soft voting, which further improves the accuracy. In summary, HAR in videos is feasible using the proposed combination of machine learning techniques.


The scholarship usually distinguishes between individual and group-oriented remittances on the one hand, between social and economic remittances on the other. A communicational approach to transnational engagement opens the possibility to unravel these categorizations and sheds a new light on the symbolic dimension of material transfers. This paper unfolds a conceptual framework of migrants' transnational engagements. It combines three elements: a concept of social agent apprehended in its plurality of roles and social embedding; the Habermas theory of communicative action accounting for the communicative dimension of transnational engagements; a concept of social institution explaining the role of migrant organizations in framing transnational activities. In this perspective, remittances appear as a communicational act through which migrants express their identity of migrant embedded on a plurality of social contexts. Remittances, be they monetary, investments or material gift are ambivalent behaviors: they simultaneously are an expression of allegiance and of emancipation. This ambivalence of transnational ties, it is argued, is the product of the fundamental ambivalence of migration act itself.


The previous study [1] evaluated rubber compound properties, at variable loading, of carbon black and silica, as a function of total volume (φ t ) and total surface area (σ s ). The results clarified the importance of volume fraction (Φ C ) and delineated a transition point at which abrupt changes occur in compound properties. These three parameters σ s , φ t and Φ C are inseparable and in conjunction totally influence compound properties. The effects of fundamental properties of fillers on compound performance properties are more noticeable at constant loading. Hence, this study should elucidate the functional relationship between fundamental properties of fillers, the added volume (V F ) and surface area (N2SA), with their functional relationship to rubber properties. The results show significant differences between and within grades of carbon black and silica samples from the same source. Furthermore, the theory of total volume and total surface area were utilized to create precise blends of silica/carbon black by manipulating φ C in conjunction with colloidal properties of the fillers, to reduce hysteresis of a carbon black compound and also match silica compound performance properties utilizing precise blends of silica and carbon black.


Objective:To investigate the influences of labor analgesia on birth process,postpartum hemorrhage,labour style and neonatal asphyxia.Methods:1 352 gravidas were retrospectively analyzed.Results:The duration of the second stage of vaginal delivery was significantly longer in the study group compared to the control[(7.09±0.43)h vs(6.70±0.52)h,P0.01].The incidence of cesarean section in the study group was lower than that in the control.But there was no significant difference in the postpartum hemorrhage rate and the neonatal asphyxia rate.Conclusion:Labor analgesia does not show more advers effects on mothers and fetuses.


Objective: To investigate the children's diet and health status in nurseries and kindergartens in Futian district of Shenzhen,and to improve the health care administration for these institutions.Methods: The dietary analysis was made in 82 kindergardens by weighting method,health examination was performed in 17 947 children,and the psychological and behavior problems were screened in 644 children.Results: The dietary pattern was unreasonable in all kindergardens.The overall health status of all children was good;of them,standard body weight,moderate and severe malnutrition,growth retardation,and simple obesity accounted for 93.6%,(0.62%,)0.67%,5.8%,respectively.The rate of behavioral problems was 6.2%.Conclusion: In order to create a good circumstances for physical and mental health of children,we must establish the effective health care system,improve the health worker's professional skills,reinforce the supervision of nurseries and kindergartens,and make propaganda for the health education.


This ethnographic study examines the interplay of work, play, and new media in contemporary China, particularly the effects of the neoliberal ethos of hard work on the Chinese urban middle-class's preference for indoor socializing and the influence of the ideal of productivity on online and offline gameplay. The case study centers on the recent transnational popularity of the party game Werewolf (狼人杀, langren sha) among China's urban middle-class. The resurgence of Werewolf started on local live video streaming game shows, which are made, released, and consumed on Chinese-language, video-sharing social media platforms. This article draws on Foucault's ideas about technologies of the self to explain the ethnographic data. The findings suggest that gameplay is not only a form of entertainment but also a way of self-regulation through which the influence of neoliberalism redefines leisure activities.


Since the reintroduction of the Pere david's deer in China in mid 1980's, the Beijing and Dafeng Pere david's deer breeding populations have been established. During the past 14 years, the Beijing and Dafeng populations all experienced the periods of acclimatization and population growth. By the end of 1997, the total number of the Pere david's deer reached 671 in China. The sex ratios in both Beijing and Dafeng Pere david's deer reached balanced sex ratios and the effective population sizes also approached to sizes of the actual population in both populations. However, the carrying capacity of the Beijing Milu Park is limited, the Pere david's deer in the Dafeng Pere david's Deer Natural Reserve are mainly living in three paddocks of 1km\+2, thus, population densities increased as the populations grew. In the 1990's, the growths of both Beijing and Dafeng populations showed density dependent patterns, especially in the Beijing population. Hence, population regulation measures such as artificial dispersal and controlling of birth rate must be taken in order to slow down the rapid growth in the Beijing population. There is vast seashore in the Dafeng Pere david's Deer Natural Reserve. Captive bred Pere david's deer can be released into open coast area and to reestablish wild Pere david's deer population, thus, to reduce grazing pressure by Pere david's deer in the paddocks. The relocation of Pere david's deer to Tianezhou, Shishou, Hubei is met with a success. The relocated Pere david's deer adopted the climate of the lower reach of the Yangtze river, now the population of the Tianezhou reserve is over 200, the population growth rate is 35%. That means the lower reach of Yangtze river is suitable for further field release of the Pere david's deer. When considering manipulating population structure and releasing captive bred individuals to the field, we should also keep a group of Pere david's deer in captivity, to continue the process of domestication of the deer. Therefore, while restoring the Pere david's deer in the nature, we will also produce a domestic Pere david's deer breed, which can be farmed in the future.


We examined a rapid tissue fixation method using microwave irradiation (MWI) for ultrastructural, and cytochemical studies, including those on enzymeor immunolectin-cytochemistry, autoradiography, and X-ray microanalysis. MWI was applied to 0.3 to 1cm3 blocks of several kinds of rat tissues at 2.45GHz/500W for about 20sec in a fixative, as shown in the text, at room temperature.We tried to find why MWI enabled the aldehyde to penetrate into the tissue block so quickly. Microautoradiography was performed using 3H-formalin as a tracer. With MWI, prominently developed silver grains appeared homogeneously in the section, while the control section showed no silver grains within the section, only around it. Clearly, the microwave energy enables 3H-formalin to penetrate quickly into the tissue block. However, using biochemical analysis, we found that complete tissue fixation occurred only after the chemical crosslinking of proteins with aldehyde which was a gradual process. Thus, for good fixation by MWI, the tissue blocks needed to be left in the fixation medium for about 10 to 60min after MWI at room temperature for cytochemical fixation and for about 30 to 180min for conventional fixation.A fixative containing a small amount of tannic acid, 0.05 to 0.1%, is effective for fixing soluble peptides or proteins. A fixative containing NHA (see in the text), phosphate or oxalate can be used to detect the localization of Ca ion in tissue and cells. Combinations of these techniques have yielded excellent results in conventional light and electron microscopy, as well as in histochemical and cytochemical studies.MWI also yields very good results in high resolution electron microscopy, for example, many cholinergic synaptic vesicles at the presynaptic membrane in the rat brain could be observed for their opening images. The fixation effect of MWI seems to be equivalent to that of the rapid freezing fixation method.The enzymatic activity of alkaline phosphatase could withstand MWI treatment, even when the sample had been embedded in Technovit resin. However, acid phosphatase and glucose-6-phosphatase seemed to be rather weak against the MWI. Lectin binding sites also were stable against MWI treatment. MWI is excellent for micro- and electron autoradiography and also for X-ray microanalysis.


Part of the pro-inflammatory effect of interleukin-l (IL-1) is its ability to cause prostaglandin (PG) production by cells such as rheumatoid adherent synovial cells (RASC). phospholipase Neutrophil accumulation is an early event in the inflammatory response in vivo. We have previously reported (Watson et al,1987) that in contrast to its chemoattractant properties in vivo (Pettipher et al, 1986), the putative inflammatory mediator interleukin-l (IL-1) does not influence neutrophil motility in an in vitro chemo- kinesis assay. We have now examined the possibility that human recombinant (hr) IL-leG stimulates the production of a neutrophil chemokinetic factor from cultured synovial fibroblasts. in eicosanoid metabolism and vascular sensitivity may play a role in the cardiovascular complications of diabetes In the present study, vascular responses to the eicosanoid precursor arachidonic acid were examined using both autoperfused and perfused hindquarters of diabetic rats. cells are a continuous line of human cells of monocytic As part of our programme to characterise receptor-operated calcium mobilisation in immunocompetent cells, we have examined Fura-2-loaded U937 cells as a model of calcium mobilisation in monocytes. U937 cells were cells/ml with 10% HIFCS and incubated for 30 min at 370C with The cells were then pelleted, washed 3 times in calcium-free HEPES buffered Tyrode and finally suspended at 2x106 cells/ml. We have demonstrated that Fura-2-loaded U937 cells provide a model system for characterising the PAF receptor that is closely coupled to calcium mobilisation in these cells (Ward & Westwick, this meeting). In this presentation, we have evalu- ated the potential role of cAMP, cGMP or protein kinase C-dependent systems in modulating both PAF-induced increase in cytosolic free calcium concentration (QCa"4Ji) and the re-equilibration of the elevated [Ca++]i in U937 cells. Loading the U937 cells with Fura-2, the fluorescent indicator of [Ca++] , and monitoring of the signal is as described previously (Ward & Westwick, 1987A. Pre-incubation of Fura-2-loaded cells for 1 to 10 min with either PGE1 (0.1-1pM, n=3), PGE2 (0.1-lpM, n=3), 6-oxo-PGE1 (0.1-lpM), Forskolin (1QjM, n=3; 30m, n6; 109uM, n=3) or 8-bromo-cAMP (5vM, nS6) had no significant effect upon submaximal PAF (l0nM)-induced calcium mobilisation. Similarly, pre-incubation with sodium nitroprusside (50,uM, n33, 15QuM, n=6) or 8-bromo-cGMP (5qzaM, n=6) for 10 min had no significant effect (p> 0.05) on submaximal PAF-induced calcium mobilisation. The above results suggest that cAMP and cGMP-dependent systems do not modulate receptor-operated calcium mobilisation in these cells. However, 1 min pre-incuba- tion of U937 cells with protein kinase C activators tetradecanoyl This study examines the profile of eicosanoid release from human skin mast cells dispersed and purified as described by Benyon et al (1987). Cells were labelled by incubation for 2 hours at 370C in modified Tyrodes arachidonic The cells were then washed and subjected density Cells from each density interface were challenged (1 or anti-IgE (25 ml-1) in a final volume of 300 ul. The profile of radioactive eicosanoids formed was studied using reversed high performance liquid chromatography liquid counting. Some of the changes produced in the blood and peritoneal cavities of rats by the intraperitoneal injection of PAF or antigen were compared. The rats had been given Sephadex particles intravenously to produce a blood eosinophilia and those given antigen were actively sensitised. The production of endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) and prostacyclin (PGI2) by the vascular endothelium is believed to be Ca2+ dependent (Griffith 1986; Brotherton We have demonstrated previously that EDRF once released feeds back on the endothelium and elevates cyclic GMP levels by stimulating soluble guanylate cyclase By measuring endothelial cyclic GMP content we have examined the time course and Ca2+ dependence of EDRF production and have compared this with the production of PGI2 by pig aortic endothelial cells (PAEC). The lipocortins are glucocorticoid-induced anti-phospholipase proteins with inhibitory actions on eicosanoid production Di Rosa et al 1984). Human recombinant lipocortin 1 is a protein with a mw of 37 kd, and several authors (cf Saris et al 1986) have commented upon the presence of a four-fold repeating subunit structure also found in other proteins known to bind Ca2+ ions and lipids. We now present evidence that lipocortin - or indeed steroids themselves - cannot inhibit eicosanoid formation in the absence of extracellular Ca2+. Three types of experiments were performed. Activation of neutrophils is induced by a variety of stimuli including the chemotactic tripeptide, formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenyl alanine(FMLP); the calcium ionophore, ionomycin; the ether lipid, platelet activating factor (PAF) and the 5-lipoxygenase metabolite, leukotriene B4 (LTB4). All stimuli induce a similar series of cellular responses including aggregation, superoxide generation and degranulation. Also released, activation of phospholipase A2, are LTB4 and PAF which thus have the potential to act as endogenous amplifiers of neutrophil reactivity. phospholipase A2 mediators neutrophil responses agonists In the present study we have employed a specific PAF receptor antagonist, kadsurenone, and a specific lipoxygenase inhibitor, REV5901A, to investigate the role of PAF and LTB4 in neutrophil activation. Non steroidal anti-inflanmatory agents, indrnethacin in particular, have been re cently reported to induce severe multisystem toxicity in the g.i. tract, liver and kidney in animals and humans (Patmas et al, 1984; Falzon et al, 1984). The aim of this paper was to elucidate the relationship between intestinal lesions and hepatic and renal enzyme activity alterations. Fed female Sprague-Dawley rats (200-250 g) were divided in groups of 8, treated with an ulcerogenic oral dose of indcrethacin (16 mg/kg) and killed by cervical dislocation 24 or 48 hours later. Organs were removed immediately: intestine was examined macroscopically for the presence of lesions and liver and kidney were prepared for microscme, where cyto chrame P450 activity was assayed as described by Falzon et al, 1984. Indomethacin caused a marked reduction in cytochrcme P450 microsamial activity (expressed as n moles/hrg protein) in the kidney and the liver, smaller and shorter in the former than in the latter, as shown in the following table: rats treated with T or DHT. Histologically, there were signs of atrophy in T- but not DHT-treated thymuses. Thymus weights in E2-treated rats were significantly lower than those from OCX animals (P<0.001), and weights from DHT + E2- treated rats were significantly lower than those from E2-treated rats. In these last two groups the thymus was grossly atrophied and the total white cell count reduced by about 50%. The results suggest that androgens and oestrogens may act in concert to cause thymus atrophy, and that the mechanisms underlying prevention of thymus growth on one hand, and thymus atrophy on the other, are different. of My systemic treatment of rats with a high dose of aggravates gastric lesion various to the of intragastric capsaicin on gastric acid secretion and mucosal flow in order to of the antiulcer A soluble isoenzyme of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is secreted from neurones in the brain into cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)(Greenfield, 1984). The presence of AChE in human CSF and its absence from plasma has led to a diagnostic test for neural tube defects by screening for AChE in amniotic fluid (Smith et al., 1979). However, AChE can also be detected in the amniotic fluid in certain cases of exomphalos in the absence of neural tube defects (Wald et al., 1984), indicating that AChE may also be released from the gut. All Ca that a new the superfused strip behaves as if it contains 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) receptors of type 5-HTlB. relatiely simple test to 5-HT receptors in the In the elevated plus-maze test of anxiety (Pellow et al, 1985) benzodiazepines increase the % time that rats spend on the open arms. We have previously shown that after 20 days of treatment with chlordiazepoxide, tolerance can be demonstrated to its anxiolytic effects in this test, and that the day after the last dose, the rats in spontaneous withdrawal spent significantly less % time on the open arms than did control animals (Baldwin et al, 1987). This indicates enhanced anxiety in benzodiazepine withdrawal. The purpose of the present experiment was to explore the underlying mechanism of withdrawal by investigating the effects of the benzodiazepine receptor antagonist, flumazenil (Ro 15-1788), and the benzodiazepine partial inverse agonist, FG 7142, in rats undergoing spontaneous withdrawal from chlordiazepoxide. Male hooded Lister rats were injected with chlordiazepoxide 10 mg/kg i.p.) or water control for 21 days. All injections were given in the morning and 24-30 hrs after the last injection of the chronic treatment the groups shown in the Table were tested in the plus-maze. Alpidem (ALP) is an imidazopyridine (6-chloro(4chlorophenyl)2N,N di-n-propyl imidazo[l,2-a]pyri- dine-3-acetamide) which possesses anxiolytic and anticonvulsant properties in animal models, and weak myorelaxant and sedative effects in both animals and human volunteers (Saletu et al., 1986). 3H-ALP was used as a ligand to explore its binding characteristics in various regions of the rat central nervous system. Suspensions of crude membrane preparations (20 pg of prot/ml) from cerebral cortex, cerebellum or spinal cord in chloride ion free buffer (K*/Na*, 50 md, pH 7.5) were incubated for 30 min at OOC with 0.1 - 7 nf 3ALP (51.8 Ci/mmol, LERS Chemistry Department) or when indicated 1 nf 34-diazepam (72.5 Ci/mmol, N.E.N.). Binding assays were terminated by filtration in GF/B filters pretreated with 0.OSt polyethylenimine. Non specific binding of 4ALP or 3H-DI


Paper Setup must be Software engineering is the approach of a disciplined and systematic approach to the event, performance, re-organizing and maintenance of software. Re-organizing the work process is considered as Re-engineering. The organizations are these days looking for new administration approaches so as to expand their opposition identified with quick changes and mechanical advancements. In response to associate more and more competitive setting the ability to adapt to dynamical market desires and develop innovative processes is important for organizations. The important key behind this evolution is the improvement in the globalization of business, technologies and the expectations of the client. BPR changes the strategies of method organizations, the roles of the practitioners, the structure and order of method levels. One of the current innovations in engineering is BPR (Business Process Reengineering). To optimize the process and the productivity of a corporation BPR represents the quick and radical arrange of strategic, policies and structure. BPR is often pursued to enhance processes, increase productivity, improves service and supply a competitive advantage. To achieve the business objectives business process reengineering supports organizations to elevate their internal functions. Organizational processes can be known, analyzed and improved by developing the different methodologies and applied to the reengineering process


Fencing has been used as a main measure for rangeland and pasture rehabilitation all over the world.By quadrate method,the vegetation of Yanchi County of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region has been investigated to study the impacts of different fencing time on vegetation community structure and biomass.The result shows that it increases biodiversity and make the vegetation community more stable.But long time fencing is not conducive to the vegetation recovery.The highest biodiversity index of edge area and outside area occurred separately on the 4th and 5th year after fencing.Richness Index(R1) and Comprehensive Diversity Index(D,H) of edge areas are 22,2.26,6.18,and peripheral areas are reached to 13,1.67,and 3.24.Then biodiversity index decreased as the increasing of fencing time.Under different fencing,biodiversity Index in the core area is the highest.So fencing is an effective measure on vegetation restoration.The vegetation cover and biomass in outside areas are the largest.This shows that rational uses of the grassland are beneficial to vegetation recovery.The effect of strip tillage on vegetation recovery is not obvious,and it suggested that grazing or cutting can be used in this region for rangeland and pasture rehabilitation.


1. The appearance of larval fat body as seen under the light or electron microscope depends on the nutritional state of the larva and on the stage of larval development at which the fat body is observed.


With the rapid development and wide application of computer technology,the society poses a higher requirement for the information literacy and proficiency of college students.Since 2009,we have conducted a series of reforms on the course,"Computer Literacy Basics",in teaching content,teaching models and assessment methods. This paper analyzes the reasons for teaching reform,describes the measures taken in this reform,sums up the experience and lessons of this reform,and puts forward the proposals for further deepening the reform.


Problem of free sex have symptom one of them is student. This matter is caused by student still in adolescent phase which influenced by sexual hormone which is growing and having an effect to their sexual motivation. Impact from the free sex for example, Contagion Sexual, pregnancy, and abort. The impacts can generate stress at its perpetrator in face of them, therefore this research aim to know coping to impact from free sex behavior at student. This elite represent descriptive research qualitative with aim to know behavioral impact coping of free seks at student. Subject in this research is free sex perpetrator student is two of people, and got by using snow ball technique. Which collecting data using interview method. As for technique authenticity of this research data is triangulation of source. Result of this research indicate that coping which is a more regular both of subject is coping mechanism which orienting at emotion (emotion focused coping), that is doing sexual relation with commercial sex worker, sleep, using obstetrical abortionist pill, aborsi, Coitus Interuptus (releasing sperma outside), medicinize to husk doctor and it, using peacemaker (condom), more taking a care in chosening couple, weeping, telling a story at friend, adding frequency in doing sexual relation, taking care of its deed unknown by old fellow and family. Both of subject also use correct coping that is coping which orienting at problem (problem focused coping) that is be in control of risk from conducted deed and refuse to do sexual relation.


Powerpoint presentation describing ORCID advocacy and adoption strategies used at Texas A&M University School of Law and touching on reasons to adopt digital object identifiers (DOIs) throughout legal scholarship.


Polybrominated diphenyl ethers(PBDEs) are a new type of persistent organic pollutants,which are widely distributed in the marine environment and are harmful to marine organisms.It is,therefore,necessary to assess the effect of PBDEs on marine ecosystems.We introduce the chemical behaviors of PBDEs in seawater,review the accumulation of PBDEs in marine organisms including plankton,benthic animals and nekton,and present the transfer of PBDEs along the marine food chain(web) and their toxic effects.In addition,future research on the marine ecological effects of PBDEs is proposed.


Abstract The contribution mainly focuses on monitoring of the population development in the Czech Republic, particularly at the micro-regional level. It monitors development of the natural population change, migration, and overall population development in two monitored periods, and conducts SO ORP typology based on this development with respect to the natural population change, migration, and overall increase. Today, the migration in the developed regions is the determinative element of the population development. To put it simply, the determinative division of the migration population development is into two units (east and west zone, Moravia and Bohemia), where Moravia has negative migration and Bohemia sees positive migration; however, there are significant differences in the middle of the units where Brno metropolitan area has highly positive migration, especially from the rest of Moravia and Silesia, and on the contrary, Karlovy Vary region sees significantly negative migration; over the last years, the negative migration has been relatively higher compared to Moravia-Silesia Region. The micro-regions at SO ORP level assist us in distinguishing of continuous territories with either positive or negative population development.


OBJECTIVE To establish a method for the determination of vitamin E in compound viaminate and vitamin E cream by HPLC. METHOD The Symmetry C 18 column was used. The mobile phase was methanol.The detection wavelength was set at 285nm. RESULTS The average recovery was 99.82%.CONCLUSION Results obtained showed that it's a reliable and accurate method for the quality control of compound viaminate and vitamin E cream .


The article is devoted to the study of the structure of acute poisoning among various gender and age groups of the population of the Kemerovo region in dynamics over nine years based on the analysis of primary information - registration form N 58-1/y "Emergency notification of acute poisoning of chemical etiology" for the period from 2010 to 2019. The analysis showed that the main causes of acute poisoning in children under 14 years of age are food and drug poisoning. Problems of acute alcohol and drug poisoning in school-age children are associated with suicidal intentions and social maladaptation in society. In victims of early childhood and preschool age, access to toxic substances is determined by parental negligence in the storage of drugs or non-compliance with the dosage regimen of medicines.


Photodissociation and collision processes in the atmosphere cause significant diurnal variations of short-lived minor constituents, in particular among the group of catalysts HOx, NOx, and ClOx. Results of diurnal variation experiments within the framework of the Oxford zonally averaged model are presented. With 49 collision reactions and 13 photodissociation reactions, the model incorporates the most important processes known at present. The model extends from pole to pole and from the surface to about 60 km with a resolution of π/19 in the horizontal (∼9.5°) and half a pressure scale height in the vertical (∼3.5 km). The basic time increment for the integration is 5 min. Results are compared with experimental data.


Results: Despite overall hip and spine BMD declines of 2.8 and 2.9%, respectively, plasma viral load suppression to less than 50 vs. at least 50 copies/mlwas associated 1.0%(P1⁄40.02) and 0.8% (P1⁄40.01) less BMD decline. Women had lower baseline spine (P1⁄40.04; n1⁄459 women, 418 men) and hip BMD (P1⁄40.01) in adjusted models, with 1.7% more hip decline on ART than men (P1⁄40.001). Serum phosphate was positively associated with baseline spine BMD in women (P1⁄40.03) but not men, and area under the curve of fractional excretion of phosphate was negatively associated with spine BMD changes, particularly in women randomized to TDF regimens (P1⁄40.03 and 0.054 for interactions by sex, and randomization to TDF vs. non-TDF regimens, respectively; n1⁄444 women, 326 men). Women also had 0.6% (P1⁄40.004) more hip BMD decline than men associated with each 100 CD4þ cells/ml increase on ART (P1⁄40.02; n1⁄449 women, 379 men).


1. Introduction Determining the overcharge and, with that, the amount of cartel damages potentially suffered, is considered one of the most difficult aspects of cartel damages litigation in…


The laws governing ophthalmic drug and device approvals have changed little in recent years. But the FDA is making significant and far-reaching changes in its approvals process.


An experimental study of the wall temperature fluctuations under different thermal-wall boundary conditions was carried out. Statistics obtained from the experiments are compared with existing experimental and numerical data. The wall temperature fields are also examined in terms of the coherent thermal structures. In addition the effect of the thermal entrance region on the wall temperature distribution is also studied. For water flow in a flume and in a rectangular channel, the mean spacing of the thermal streaks does not depend on the thermal entrance length and on the type of thermal-wall boundary conditions. The wall temperature fluctuations depend strongly on the type of wall thermal boundary conditions. Overall, the picture that emerges from this investigation confirms the hypothesis that moderate-Prandtl-number heat transfer at a solid wall is governed by the large-scale coherent flow structures


The stage-1 alkali metal-graphite intercalation compounds, MC8 (M=K, Rb, Cs), were prepared from Grafoil, and then ternary compounds were obtained by additional intercalation of ammonia. The electrical conductivity of those compounds were determined. The conductivity of KC8 decreased considerably along with ammoniation in the region of ammonia content, nNH3/nK, less than 0.2. Similar behavior of conductivity change was also observed for RbC8 for nNH3 / n K≤ 0.4, except for slight decrease in the early stage up to nNH3/nK=0.1. In contrast, the conductivity of CsC8 decreased slightly by ammoniation in the region of nNH3/nK≤0.6.


Coordination polymers including metal-organic frameworks, clathrates and cyanometallates have recently gained significance as an important class of solid state materials. In this critical review, the diversity, classification, synthesis, structure, properties, applications, geometrical and chemical factors that influence their formation have been carefully presented. The synthesis of these new classes of compounds from molecular building blocks and demonstration oftheir high surface area, adsorptive and trapping potentials of molecules, selectivity in separation and uptake of molecules, tunable and modifiable molecular structure, and photoluminescence, magnetic and antimicrobial responses holds the potential for innumerable applications based on these tailored properties.


Utility-scale wind turbines require active control systems to operate at variable rotational speeds. As turbines become larger and more flexible, advanced control algorithms become necessary to meet multiple objectives such as speed regulation, blade load mitigation, and mode stabilization. At the same time, they must maximize energy capture. The National Renewable Energy Laboratory has developed control design and testing capabilities to meet these growing challenges.


IN addition to the Mammals from the Jurassic deposits of the Rocky Mountains, already described by the writer, a number of other specimens have since been discovered. Some of these add materially to our knowledge of those previously found, and others are different from any now known. This new material is all from the Atlantosaurus beds, in essentially the same horizon which furnished the earlier specimens. The general resemblance of the American forms to those from the Purbeck of England becomes still more evident in the remains here described.


Recent research documents that ownership concentration is higher in countries with weak investor protection. However, drawing on panel data on corporate ownership in 34 countries between 1995 and 2006, we show that these market-wide characteristics bear little relation to the ownership structure of newly public firms, which almost universally list with low float. What reconciles these two stylized facts? We show that firms in countries with strong investor protection are more likely to experience decreases in ownership concentration after listing, that these decreases appear to occur in response to growth opportunities, and that they are associated with new share issuance. Therefore, one of the key reasons that ownership concentration falls as firms age following their IPO in countries with strong investor protection is that firms raise capital and grow, diluting blockholders in the process.


Series of measurements with irregular waves were undertaken for model seawalls of vertical walls with and without protection by concrete block mounds. Experimental data were compared and supplemented with theoretical calculations by the combination of the author's random wave breaking model in shallow waters and the weir type overflow model. The results have been compiled as twelve diagrams for the estimation of overtopping rate for two sea bottom gradients (1/10 and 1/30), three values of equivalent deepwater significant wave steepness (0.012, 0.017, and 0.036), and two types of seawalls. Experiments employed irregular waves with H1/3= 15 cm, and T1/3 = 1. 7, 2.3, and 2.8 sec. Model seawalls with crest heights of 7.5 to 26.3 em were located at the water depths of 22.5 to -10 cm (above the waterline) on smooth slopes of uniform gradient. The overtopping rate was obtained as the average of three measurements, each for continuous two hundreds waves. Measurements were taken for 205 cases of vertical walls and 123 cases of concrete block mounds placed in front of vertical walls. Incident wave heights were estimated with a technique of resolving incident and reflected waves from two simultaneous records of irregular wave profiles. The results of experiments and calculations have clarified the effects of bottom gradient and wave steepness upon the overtopping rate of seawalls. Decrease of overtopping rate by concrete block mounds has been estimated quantitatively. Twelve diagrams with two supplementary figures for the effects of bottom gradient and wave steepness enable quick estimation of the overtopping rate of seawalls at any water depth from the offshore to the foreshore. The expected rate of wave overtopping with the data of regular wave experiments was reconfirmed to almost agree with the data of irregular waves except for the neighborhood of shoreline, where the phenomenon of surf beats is predominant. Tables of experimental data are attached as the appendix of the present report.


1. Introduction: the sources of statehood in Tajikistan, John Heathershaw I. The roots of statehood 2. "Hapless Imperialists: European `Developers' in Soviet Central Asia in the 1920s and 1930s", Botagoz Kassymbekova 3. "Soviet population transfers and interethnic relations in Tajikistan: assessing the concept of ethnicity," Olivier Ferrando 4. "From resettlement to conflict: development-induced involuntary displacement and violence in Tajikistan", Alexander Sodiqov II. Islam and statehood 5. "From Revival to Mutation: The Religious Personnel of Islam in Tajikistan from De-Stalinisation to Independence (1953-1991)", Stephane A. Dudoignon 6. "Defining normative Islam: Some remarks on contemporary Islamic Thought in Tajikistan - Hoji Akbar Turajonzoda's Sharia and Society" Tim Epkenhans III. Gender and statehood 7. "Affairs of the State: gender, sex and marriage in Tajikistan", Colette Harris 8."Wedding rituals and the struggle over national identities", Sophie Roche and Sophie Hohmann IV. Security, economy and statehood 9. "Counter Narcotics policies in Tajikistan and their impact on state-building," Filippo de Danieli 10. "Statehood as Dialogue: Conflicting Historical Narratives of Tajikistan and Uzbekistan", Mohira Suyarkulova 11. "Tajikistan amidst globalization: failed state or state transformation?", John Heathershaw


Objective:To evaluate the roles of IL 12 and IL 12P40 in the cytolytic NK cell activities to endometrial cells Methods:Concentrations of IL 12 and IL 12P40 were determined in serum and peritoneal fluid by ELISA;IL 12 induced cytotoxic response was studied by MTT cytotoxicity assay Results:①The peritoneal fluid of the patients could decrease activities of NK cells in healthy persons(from 16 80%±3 6% to 8 37%±4 5% ,P0 05)?②IL 12 presented in serum and peritoneal fluid, levels of IL 12 at the stages of the endometriosis are significantly lower (66 38±12 6 pg/ml, 77 76±14 6 pg/ml) than control (84 97±13 7 pg/ml, 106 92±10 7 pg/ml)(P0 05); ③IL 12P40 are also presented in serum and peritoneal fluid, their levels in peritoneal fluid are significantly higher (79 76±12 6 pg/ml) than control (40 54±10 0 pg/ml)(P0 05) ④IL 12 could enhance the NK cell mediated cytotoxicity toward autologous endometrial cells; ⑤IL 12P40 could inhibit IL 12 induced NK activity against endometrial cells Conclusion:The high level of IL 12P40 in peritoneal fluid of patients with endometriosis may be related to the NK cell defect.


Growth and ionic relations of red kidney bean plants were compared when grown in 25, 50 and 75 mM concentrations of either NaCl or KCl salts. Similar growth reductions of plants at 25 mM concentration of the two solutions were observed as compared with control solution grown plants. Whereas relatively higher growth reductions indicated by reduced relative growth rates in 50 and 75 mM KC1 solution as compared with isosmotic NaCl solutions were associated with higher Cl and K uptake and accumulation in leaves. This was confirmed by higher short-term 36Cl uptake/transport in plant leaves from the labelled solution of 50 mM KCl as compared with that from 50 mM NaCl solution.


Climate change detection and attribution have proven unexpectedly challenging during the 21st century. Earth's global surface temperature increased less rapidly from 2000 to 2015 than during the last half of the 20th century, even though greenhouse gas concentrations continued to increase. A probable explanation is the mitigation of anthropogenic warming by La Niña cooling and declining solar irradiance. Physical climate models overestimated recent global warming because they did not generate the observed phase of La Niña cooling and may also have underestimated cooling by declining solar irradiance. Ongoing scientific investigations continue to seek alternative explanations to account for the divergence of simulated and observed climate change in the early 21st century, which IPCC termed a "global warming hiatus." Amplified by media commentary, the suggestions by these studies that "missing" mechanisms may be influencing climate exacerbates confusion among policy makers, the public and other stakeholders about the causes and reality of modern climate change.


Abstract : Symposia Contents: Tunable Solid State Lasers; Lasers and Coherent Sources; Solid State Sources; Novel Laser Systems-Modifications to Visible, Ultraviolet, and X-Ray Lasers; Spectroscopy of Materials for Solid State Laser Systems; Modeling of Lasers and Laser Dynamics; Nonlinear Optical Phenomena and Applications; Squeezed States and Quantum Optics; Nonlinear Optical Phenomena in Atomic Vapors; Nonlinear Optics in Semiconductors; Short Pulse Lasers and Applications; Condensed Matter, Surface, and Particle Spectroscopy with Emphasis on Laser-Surface Interactions; Laser-Condensed Matter Interactions; Applications of Laser/Surface Interactions; Laser Modification of Surfaces; Surface Nonlinear Optics; Laser Ionization, Ablation and Deposition; Atomic, Molecular, and Ionic Spectroscopy; Energy Resolved Ionization and Fragmentation Processes in Atoms and Small Molecules; Ionization Processes and Ion Spectroscopy of Polyatomic Species; Interaction of Strong Optical Fields with Matter; Experiments with Laser Cooled and Trapped Atoms; High Resolution Spectroscopy-From Atoms to Polyatomic Molecules; State-Specific Photophysics and Photochemistry; Diagnostic and Analytical Applications of Lasers; Advances in Raman Spectroscopy; Lasers and Chromatography; Advances in Photothermal Spectroscopy; Lasers in Trace Analysis; Lasers in Combustion Analysis; and Advances in Plasma Diagnostics. (jhd)


The publication presents the concept and content of the draft law of the Altai Territory, prepared by the team of authors – the draft law of the Altai Territory "On Science, Scientific-Technical Activity and Innovation Activity in the Altai Territory". The paper notes the urgent need to update the legislation of the Altai Territory on science and innovations as a pillar for technological development and the growth of well-being of residents of the Altai Territory. The structure of the draft law includes general provisions, powers of state authorities of the Altai Territory in the field of science and innovations, measures to support scientific and innovative activities, the status of a scientist and the legal regime of innovation territories. Particular attention in the bill is given to a system of measures to support scientists and especially young scientists to retain talent in the Altai Territory.


I. Purpose Although ion beam sputtering does not enable high deposition rates, it is attended by little intrusion of gas molecules into the film and minimal substrate heating, and thus can be relied on to provide high-purity thin films of uniform quality, with a fine crystal grain structure. On the other hand, the alloy "Super Sendust," with composition 6 percent Si, 4 percent Al, 3.2 percent Ni, and balance Fe, has


The worldwide use of brominated flame retardants (BFRs) is extensive and there are significant release of these components to the environment. The last twenty years the levels of the polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE) in biota have increased, and in some areas the levels are comparable or even higher to what is reported for the polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB). This study was focused on the pollution of PBDEs in Lake Mjosa, where unusually high concentrations have been found in fish (Fjeld et al., 2001, Mariussen et al. 2003, Fjeld et al., 2004). The objective of this part of the survey was to make a broader documentation of the PBDE levels in sediments and fish, and to localize areas with point sources of PBDEs.


Background The development of tolerance in IgE‐mediated allergies has been associated with lower cow's milk (CM)‐specific IgE levels, increasing levels of specific IgG4 and, more contestably, IgA.


Two ceramic materials, a hot-pressed silicon nitride and a siliconized silicon carbide, ~/ere manufactured 1~ith seeded particulates to evaluate the effectiveness of existing nondestructive test practices at AMf1RC for defect detection in ceramics and to evaluate the effect of inclusions upon material strength. The types of seeded defects were of greater and lower density relative to the matrix materials and ranged in size from approximately IJ.l mm to 0.6 mm. The nondestructive methods used in the i.nvestigation were ultrasonics, radiography, eddy current and penetrant. Bend bar specimens were cut from the seeded regions of the billets and tested at 25°C, 1093°C and l37l°C. Fracture oripins were examined by optical and electron microscorv and by microprobe to correlate the nature of the fracture initiating defects with the nondestructively detected defects. This permitted a rankin~ of defect detection sensitivity and defect effect upon stren~th. SUf·1MARY Two billets approximately 15 centimeters square of each matrix material were prepared with seeded inclusion particles from standard production powder mixes. The inclusion defects selected for incorporation into the hot pressed silicon nitride (HPSN) were graphite (C), iron (Fe), silicon (S) and tungsten carbide (WC) particles. The same types of particles, with the exception of tungsten carbide, were seeded into the silicon carbide (SiC) billets. Maps of the seeded inclusion locations and corresponding ultrasonic pulse-echo C-scan recordings of the billets following surface machining are shown in Figs. 1-4. The nominal sizes of fine, medium, and course correspond to mean particle diameters of approximately 125, 250, and 635 microns. The ultrasonic test reveals the presence of many defects in the billets that are not listed on the seed location maps. Fig. 5 shows C-scan recordings of the variation in ultrasonic energy loss through the surface machined SiC billets. White areas represent a 3db or 2 times loss of energy compared to dark areas. Point by point ultrasonic velocity measurements in the billets showed an average longitudinal wave velocity for the HPSN billets of 1.12 cm/~sec with a variation of less than 1 percent between measurements. The SiC billets had variations up to 3 percent with an average of 1.21 cm/vsec. Figure 6 presents variations in eddy current response of a SiC billet. The numerical values are only relative showing variation in resistivity with a single billet. Each billet was examined by ljquid penetrant for surface cracks, porosity and edge laminations. A map of liquid penetrant indications in a SiC billet is shown in Fig. 7. The HPSN billets were free of indications. Positive prints of radiographs of the bi 11 ets are shown in Fig. 9. All sizes of the tungsten carbide and iron contaminants in the HPSN billets are visible. The fine and medium size silicon and graphite particles were not visible in the HPSN billets. Only the large graphite particles and a surface scab are visible in the radiograph of the SiC billet. 228 Figures 10 and 11 contain examples of individual C-scans of rough-cut bend bars sectioned from the billets and the subsequent microscope analyses of defects contained within the corresponding bend bars. The latter includes photomicrographs of the fracture initiating defect and a photograph of the display of the energy dispersive microprobe. The photomicrographs are oriented such that the thickness direction of the bend bar corresponds to the vertical direction of the page. The C-scans were made from both the front and back sides of the bars. In addition to the two dimensional displays of the defect positions (in plane of paper), the depth (in direction perpendicular to plane of paper) of the defects are tabulated, as determined by the method of detection. Depths are measured relative to the back surface of the bar. The following abbreviations are used in the C-scans: F Front surface view B Back surface view DN Defect number USD Depth of defect as determined by ultrasonics distance measured from back surface (B) in inches. XRD Depth of defect as determined by radiography distance measured from back surface (B) in inches. H Defect density higher than that of matrix. L Defect densi~y lower than that of matrix. In the listing of the defects below a C-scan figure, an arrow indicates the defect which was sought as the fracture origin (target defect). Multiple defects were present upon occasion at the same depth within the sample. Results of bend bar testing and a ranking of defect detection sensitivity and defect effect upon strength can be found in the following Reference: H. R. Baumgartner, R. H. Brockelman, P. M. Hanson, Development of Nondestructive Testing Techniques for High Performance Ceramics. AMt1RC TR 78-11 (Army Materials and Mechanics Research Center, Jan. 197S). ACKNOWLEDGMENT This project was a joint effort with the Nondestructive Testing Industrial Applications Branch, at the Army Materials and Mechanics Research Center, and Norton Company, Worcester, Massachusetts, and has been accomplished as part of the U. S. Army Materials Testing Technology Program. The nondestructive evaluation of the ceramic materials was performed at AMMRC under the direction of Mr. C. H. Hastings. The Project Manager at Norton was H. R. Baumgartner.


During Nevadan orogenesis (ca. 145 m.y. ago), the Galice(?) Formation was regionally metamorphosed (greenschist facies) to phyllites and schists of the Colebrooke Formation, the Pearse Peak Diorite was emplaced, and the Port Orford-Gold Beach area, Oregon, underwent intense compressional deformation. The ancestral Klamath Mountains and Sierra Nevada became important source areas for sediments. Eugeosynclinal conditions in coastal Oregon, however, persisted into latest Jurassic (Tithonian) time. The uppermost Jurassic Otter Point Formation (new name) includes volcanic rocks, radiolarian cherts, and many graded beds--lithologic types that are unknown in the correlative Riddle Formation. Thus, the distribution of latest Jurassic facies in southwestern Oregon was comparable with that of the coastal Franciscan and the inland "Knoxville" Formations of northern California. Late Mesozoic eugeosynclinal conditions in southwestern Oregon were terminated by Diablan orogenesis at the end of the Jurassic (ca. 135 m.y. ago). Northwest-striking wrench faults and related folds were superimposed on the northeast-striking, Nevadan structural grain. Dioritic, gabbroic, and ultramafic bodies, including the Vondergreen Hill Peridotite (new name), were emplaced. Tectonic lands probably rose by differential movements related to wrench faulting. Coarse gravels of the Humbug Mountain Conglomerate (new name) and, later, progressively finer sediments of the Rocky Point Formation (new name) were shed into a transgressing and deepening Early Cretaceous (Valanginian) sea. Younger Cretaceous and Tertiary evolution of the Port Orford-Gold Beach area, although poorly documented, involved extensive fragmentation and folding of the Lower Cretaceous about north- to northeast-striking axes. Several post-Diablan orogenies affected this area, including widespread major diastrophism that began in middle and late Miocene time along the Pacific coast. The most recent phases of structural development were uplift of Pleistocene terrace deposits and faulting. Middle Miocene(?) deposits near Port Orford perhaps represent the southern limit of the Miocene within the coastal, westward-facing Tertiary embayment centered about Newport, Oregon. The Miocene has favorable reservoir characteristics and should be a prime target for offshore exploration.


The South Fork Humboldt River (Elko County, Nevada) represents an arid regulated river with enhanced nutrient loadings from upstream reservoir releases. The river below the reservoir is characterized as a shallow ( Cladophora ), with observed eutrophic benthic algal conditions (algal biomass >300 mg chlorophyll- a m –2 ). To investigate nutrient and benthic algal standard criteria development, the USEPA model AQUATOX 3 has been used to simulate stream functional response to reservoir bottom release nutrient loadings and benthic algal impacts on in-stream dissolved oxygen. A limited preliminary calibration of AQUATOX 3 resulted in excellent overall agreement between predicted and downstream gross primary productivity (>40 g O 2 m –2 d –1 ) and diel dissolved oxygen swings (<4 to 19 mg/L). The results are intended to predict the impact of possible future reservoir operational release scenarios on downstream attached algal communities and associated in-stream water quality (e.g. dissolved oxygen). Uncertainty analysis will also be employed for the calibration period within AQUATOX 3 to ascertain expected confidence in future model predictions.


An alarm device with multiple functions is developed,including opening door alarm,shaking alarm,magnetic interference alarm,power cuts alarm,infrared alarm and wireless alarm.It can monitor the gauging device incessantly with the help of master station,which has powerful management functions.The system functions,system architecture and the key technology adopted are introduced in detail.The system keeps the electricity-stealing actions down effectively,and maintains the order of power use regularly.


To develop modern agriculture in China and escalate innovative ability of postharvest technology,innovative and developmental strategy for postharvest technology of modern agriculture in China is proposed in this paper,mainly including:industries are combined with universities and research institutes,innovation of postharvest technology for agricultural products is speeded up;the general research orientation is chosen correctly,common technology is studied,issue on critical technology for industrialization is tackled;domestic and international technological exchange and cooperation for preservation are strengthened,it is accelerated to go into international level.


Purpose: To determine the effect of early parenteral nutrition (PN) duration on body composition at term corrected gestational age (CGA) in very low birth weight (VLBW) premature infants. Methods: This multicenter nested case-control study took place at MetroHealth Medical Center (Cleveland, Ohio) and Cincinnati Children's Hospital (Cincinnati, Ohio). VLBW infants exposed to PN in the first week of life were studied and were divided into two groups based on the duration of initial PN administration. Infants with a birth weight < 1000g and PN duration < 28 days, and those with a birth weight of 1000–1500 g and PN duration < 14 days were assigned to the 'Short-PN' group. Infants in those weight categories who have received PN for longer durations were assignedtothe'Long-PN'group,Infantswithgastrointestinalsurgicalconditionsormajorcongenitalanomalieswereexcluded.Infantsfollowedthe increasedmortalityratesinclinicalpopulations.Understandingmetabolicpathwaysrelatedtoleanmassunderclinicallystableconditionsisneeded to enable future comparisons with lean mass in populations with underlying malnutrition (e.g. chronic inadequate protein/energy intake) or where net protein catabolism is common (e.g. hospitalized patients with acute illness). The objective of this study was to characterize metabolism related to lean mass in clinically stable, actively working adults by high-resolution metabolomic (HRM) plasma phenotyping. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 180 adults (mean ± SD, age 49.6 ± 9.9 yr., BMI 27.3 ± 5.5 kg/m2, 66% female) studied at the Emory-Georgia Tech Center for Health Discovery and Well Being. Participants were without active uncontrolled disease, on stable medications, if any, and had not been hospitalized for any cause in the previous year. Fasting plasma for HRM was analyzed using ultra-high-resolution mass spectrometry with liquid chromatography. Concomitantly obtained lean mass was assessed using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry and expressed as lean mass index(kgleanmass/heightinm2).Multiplelinearregression(controllingforage,race,andsex),metabolicpathwayenrichmentincorporatingsignif-icant metabolites associated with lean mass index, and independent module analyses of metabolites significantly associated with each other were used to integrate systemic (plasma) metabolism associated with lean mass index in this adult cohort. Results: A total of 10,210 individual metabolites were detected in the plasma, of which 593 were significantly related to lean mass index, either upregulated or downregulated (p < 0.05). These metabolites were significantly enriched within 16 metabolic pathways. Top metabolic pathways includedbranchedchainaminoaciddegradation,butyrate metabolism,alanineandaspartatemetabolism,andpurinemetabolism.Additionalpath-ways comprised of amino acid metabolic pathways niacin and E metabolism. acid identified as significantly enriched pathways. Module analysis revealed central associations between lean mass index with L-glutamate, L-leucine, L-isoleucine, L-valine, L-phenylalanine, L-methionine, and L-aspartate, among other validated metabolites. Purpose: Our tertiary care children's hospital previously adopted a published algorithm for appropriate initiation of PN which demonstrated decreased utilization and cost of short-term PN courses at another children's hospital (Duggan, 2002). Over several years, practice drifted and PN utilization increased to our system's capacity. High PN utilization increases cost and risks to patients from potential errors and adverse effects and was identified as a modifiable, independent risk factor for central line associated blood stream infections (CLABSI). Thus, in 2019, we began the process of an iterative quality improvement effort to decrease PN utilization by first ensuring appropriate PN initiation and then defining and ensuring appropriate discontinuation. processthatquantifiesvolatileorganiccompounds(VOCs)presentinexhaledbreath.Analysisof breath is being used in the medical field to detect nutrition related conditions such as lactose intolerance and small intestinal bacteria overgrowth. It is unknown whether this state-of-the-art, noninvasive method can detect the malnourished state. We hypothesize that malnutrition will present with a uniquely identifiable breath print. Methods: A total of 348 adults who underwent the breath analysis at the Cleveland Clinic were available for analysis. Breath was analyzed by SIFT-MS conducted between November 2005 and November 2019 in studies enrolling participants with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). A retrospective chart review was conducted by registered dietitians for collection of anthropometrics, medical history including malnutrition diagnosis, dietitian notes and biomarkers of malnutrition risk. Subjects were assigned into two group: "PAH with concomitant malnutrition" (PAH-Mal) with an ICD10-coded malnutrition diagnosis or "PAH without malnutrition." Participant data was excluded if the breath print and ICD10-coded malnutrition diagnosis were separated by more than 6 months or if the available electronic health record was collected prior to May 2012, when AND-ASPEN updated malnutrition criteria was implemented. Registered dietitians conducting the retrospective


AIM: To investigate the value of laparoscopy and posterior laparoscopy in the treatment of multi organ diseases. METHODS: Laparoscopic and posterior laparoscopic procedures were performed in 10 male and 5 female patients (31 to 66 years old, mean age 41) with multi organ diseases. Of the 15 cases, 1 case suffered from multilocular cysts of left kidney and lithic cholecystitis, 1 case from tumor of left renal pelvis and lithic cholecystitis, 2 cases from bilateral adrenal cortex hyperplasia, 5 cases from polycystic kidney and 6 from bilateral muitiple cysts of kidney. RESULTS: 14 cases were successful except for one case of polycystic kidney due to extensive adhesion. Subcutaneous emphysema occurred in 2 cases. After 3 to 15 month follow up showed that cyst of kidney relapsed in 1 case and 12 month follow up showed that carcinoma of renal pelvis did not recur. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopy and posterior laparoscopy, with minimal trauma and postoperative discomfort and short hospital stay, are the first choice approach in the treatment of multi organ diseases.


A kind of ion thruster gate members of riveting, including grid and grid mounting ring, in the grid, circumference arranges the first fixing hole, in the grid mounting ring, circumference arranges the second fixing hole, the grid and grid mounting ring are fixed using titanium rivet, and second fixing hole of the titanium rivet through the first fixing hole in grid with grid mounting ring is riveted in opposite side.Fixed form of the present invention by the grid of gate members with grid mounting ring is changed to riveted structure by traditional nut connecting structure, overcomes the technical problem that people are brought with traditional nut interconnection technique for a long time.Grid and grid mounting ring are fixed using titanium rivet fastening means, grid assembly structure can be simplified, standard component quantity is reduced, the reliability of grid can effectively be improved, non-loosening problem, mechanical performance is good and improves the centering of grid assembling, reduces intercepting and capturing electric current and improves the ion thruster life-span.


thus represented for the Federal Republic the same institutionalization of growth priorities that the Kennedy Tax Cut had meant for the United States in 1964. The editors' introductory material hardly conveys how corsetted a Keynesianism was instituted in West Germany. It is revealing that the reports of the German Sachverstandigenrat always defined allowable wage increases as the residual left after other claims on the national income were satisfied, including the possible adverse changes in terms of trade. From Ropke to the conservatives of the 1970s, the critics of German Keynesianism tended to depict their society as if threatened by an orgy of currency debasement and social dissolution. The exchange value of the Deutschmark hardly confirmed their worries. With this and other recent publications, the possibilities for comparative study of the Keynesian "era" are significantly advanced. The interested reader will find that Ludolf Herbst's recent book on wartime economic planning (Der totale Krieg und die Ordnung der Wirtschaft, Stuttgart: Deutsche VerlagsAnstalt, 1982) illuminates the continuities of economic debate across the Third Reich in a way this series does not. The very helpful essay by Piero Bolchini, "La fortuna di Keynes in Italia (1930-1950)," in Miscellanea Storica Ligure, XIV (1982, pages 7-70), also shows how post-fascist reconstruction restored to the earlier liberal economists more continuing influence than they had in Britain and America where wartime planning, if not Depression policies, tended to legitimize Keynesianism at least a decade earlier.


on protein evolution and on the molecular structure and characteristics of the albumin molecule. Acquired bisalbuminemia could point to an underlying disease process, such as pancreatic pseudocysts, providing a clinician with another clue towards a possible diagnosis. Studying albumin variants can be of great interest and might be helpful in estimating the geographic distribution of these variants which is again important from anthropology point of view.


Pressure amplitude statistics have been used in several experimental studies of jet and rocket noise to indicate and study nonlinear acoustic propagation. Statistics of pressure amplitude time derivatives have also been shown to be sensitive to nonlinearity in noise. To illustrate the sensitivity of statistics to nonlinearity, the nonlinear propagation of a pure sinusoid is considered. The probability density function, standard deviation, skewness, kurtosis, and crest factor are computed for both the amplitude and amplitude time derivatives as a function of distance. The amplitude statistics vary only in the postshock realm, while the amplitude derivative statistics vary rapidly in the preshock realm. Using statistical analysis also suggests that the sawtooth onset distance can be considered to be earlier than previously realized.


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Carotenoids are potent guardians of health. With their impressive antioxidant powers they constantly protect us from the ravages of free radical damage. Most species benefit from the physiological effects of carotenoids, but while the beneficial effects of carotenoids for adult


In recent years, the discoveries of dinosaur footprints have been successively reported from Dianshi Town, Zizhou City, Shaanxi Province. The footprints include the tracks of theropod, ornithopod and sauropod as well. Actually, the dinosaur footprints were found by local inhabitants much earlier in history, but not for science. The slabs bearing the dinosaur footprints were collected for domestic use, such as building stones, millstones, cellar covers, sheepfold fences, windlass holders, etc. This paper is to describe the dinosaur footprints on both sides of three slabs used for cellar covers, sheepfold fences and windlass holders by the local people. 24 dinosaur footprints and 4 trackways have been recognized and all of them belong to theropod. Four kinds of dinosaur footprints are identified, including 1 new ichnogenus and 2 new ichnospecies: (1) Shanbeipus caudatus ichnogen. et ichnosp. nov.; (2) Pengxianpus yulinensis ichnosp. nov.; (3) Eubrontes ichnosp; (4) Kayentapus ichnosp. Dinosaur‐footprint‐bearing beds were initially identified as the Fuxian Formation of the Lower Jurassic. Multipal dinosaur footprints associated with fragment plant fossils suggest a humid fluvio‐lacustrine environment setting in the Ordos Basin during the early period of the Jurassic.


New Yorkers need safe and convenient mechanisms to save for old age. Secure pension income helps strengthen the city's financial future by keeping social spending down and older residents' spending power up. However, fewer than half of New York residents have access to a retirement plan at work. Low and decreasing rates of employer sponsorship of retirement plans and the shift from traditional pension plans to 401(k)-type plans are threatening New Yorkers' financial readiness for retirement.


Digital system such as system-on-chip microprocessor generally requires Phased-Locked Loop (PLL) for clock generation. However, traditional analog PLL typically contains several important components not included in a standard cell library, such as resistor and low leakage capacitor, which makes it difficult to integrate into a digital system. In addition, its performance is limited by process, voltage, and temperature variation.


1. The evoked potential in response to a grating alternating in phase at 8 c/s was recorded as a function of contrast from the occiput of man.


The issues of assessing the force interaction of cable structure elements under bending strain have been considered. The method and implementing device for determining friction force and friction coefficient of individual elements within the twisted products were offered.


Crown-ether cyanide (CN) treatments of the as deposited polycrystalline p-Cu2O/i-ZnO/n-ZnO/glass heterojunction photovoltaic structures were performed with the variation of time. Effects of defect passivation and improvement of photovoltaic conversion efficiency as well as photoluminescence efficiency were demonstrated with the cyanide treated samples. Optimum time of cyanide treatment was found to be 3 minutes.


Zakrisdal and the west coast region of Karlstad was at one time a protected area where the ammunition factory AmF Zakrisdal 1941-1994 was situated. This factory manufactured explosives for the Swedish armed forces and for export. In this context it is an interesting paradox that the production of ammunition, mines and armorpiercing grenades for more than 50 years has preserved the environment surrounding the factory.The factory is now gone and the production is moved to Karlskoga. Plans are being made to build housing for 3-4000 residents and other enterprises within the area. The area now stands before yet another change, most likely the most profound to date.The inspiration for this work comes from the economic historic Jan Jornmark. He is interested in the remains of old abandoned industries. His work has caught the interest of the public and me with his Photography's of deserted places, available at www.jornmark.se. In his academic work he has studied the process of creative destruction as formulated by the national economist Joseph Schumpeter and the effect of that process to Swedish Base Industries. The process of creative destruction describes how the introduction of new technology and new products destroy the old system of production in an ongoing process of revolutions. The entrepreneur is in this process the instigator "The agent of change".The purpose of this essay is to investigate how a limited geographical area and the environment in its vicinity are affected by political, economic, demographic and ideological change. What consequences have changes in those sociological fields had in past times and what will they be in the future. The impact of "big events" on the "small world" will be studied with the area of Zakrisdal in Karlstad as an example, and with Joseph Schumpeter's theory of creative destruction as the scientific tool. My studie shows that the "Agents of change" effect on the overlaying structure unconditionally affect the lower layers in the hierarky, and ultimately the landscape itself. I can see more than one layer of entreprenures. Changes in ideological, political, technical or economic development opens oppurtiunities for entreprenures on one level while the door closes on another. The freedom to operate either grows or shrink depending on the terms set by the "Agents of change" higher in the hierarky.


The norms governing the quality of analytical work in the USSR Ministry of Geology and establishing the required analytical precision of routine samples of mineral substances do not correspond to the actual precision obtainable at the present time. In making these norms more precise it should be borne in mind that the systematic component of the total error in determinations of most elements whose concentrations do not exceed 1 wt % in samples of mineral substances is appreciable in comparison with the random component. The state reference materials of mineral substances in most cases permit analytical methods of precision category III and lower adopted by the USSR Ministry of Geology to be monitored while ignoring the error in the certified values. In monitoring analytical methods of categories I and II, the magnitude of the error in the certified concentrations should be taken into account.


There are many corresponding relations between the nature of civil law and the practicing of civil law. The nature of civil law will certainly get full display in the practicing of civil law. The practicing of civil law has profound brand of the nature of civil law. There are multi-way and multi-level corresponding relations between the life of civil law and the open practicing of civil law 、the autonomy of civil law and the flexible practice of civil law,the nature of civil law and the autonomous practicing of civil law,the origin of civil law and the emotion practicing of civil law,the integrity of civil law and the comprehensive practicing of civil law.


Some projective wonderful models for the complement of a toric arrangement in a n-dimensional algebraic torus T were constructed in [3]. In this paper, which we present here in a preliminary version, we describe their integer cohomology rings by generators and relations.


Increasing concrete market and growing variety of concrete products and requirements for higher quality needs fast and accurate moisture measurement technology. In this paper fast accurate and material independent moisture measurement method is presented. Time domain reflectometry (TDR) sampling method for data acquisition has been used. In order to find the relationship between materials type and spectrum curve artificial neural network classifier (ANN) has been used. 5 mixtures from two materials (sand and crashed stone) in different proportions were correctly recognized using method proposed. Experiment confirmed ability to use TDR combined with ANN in material independent moisture measurement systems. Ill. 15, bibl. 9 (in English; summaries in English, Russian and Lithuanian).


The flexible body mounted analysis electrochemical sensors of the water sensing device is provided. The electrochemical sensor includes an electrochemical sensor arranged on a sensor probe to detect an analyte in the interstitial fluid, and is arranged on a flexible sensor probe configured to penetration of the skin. The electrochemical sensor by selectively binding to the analyte or to the analyte and optionally the reaction, or selectively catalyzing analyte reaction or place the material that selectively interacts with the analyte in different ways analyte It is sensitive to manufacturing. Material is localized by being disposed in a polymer layer disposed on and / or electrode by the cross-linking on the surface of the electrode. The polymer layer can gelil hydro. In addition, a hydrogel layer on the sensor probe can be formed in order to protect the elements of the sensor probe and the increase of the sensor probe biocompatible (biocompatibility).


The invention relates to the field of automobile accessories, and particularly relates to a waistband type driving safety tactile system. The waistband type driving safety tactile system comprises a distance sensor module, an analyzing module, a drive circuit, a tactile stimulator and a waistband main body, wherein the analyzing module is respectively connected with the distance sensor module and the drive circuit; the tactile stimulator is respectively connected with the drive circuit and the waistband main body. By adopting tactile feelings to transmit information, the waistband type driving safety tactile system disclosed by the invention can obtain double results by doing half the effort.


The present study was conducted to find out the antibacterial activity of aqueous and organic extracts of Nigella sativa (L.) seeds against various bacterial pathogens, namely; S. aureus, P. aeruginosa and E. coli. Plant extract along with different elicitors such as metal ions and commercial drugs was also screened to see the change in efficacy and potency of the compounds. Among different extracts ethyl acetate extract proved maximum activity towards Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa while minimum was observed against Escherichia coli. Ethanolic and methanolic extracts exhibited dose-dependent activity. Ciprofloxacin exhibited a synergistic effect with ethyl acetate extract giving zone of inhibition of 18.0mm against S. aureus. When 0.1% Cu was mixed with Ethyl acetate extract it proved 72.0% increase in the activity as it decreased the Minimum inhibitory concentration up to 1.25mg/ml from 4.5mg/ml. No growth was found in the Nutrient agar plate which was mixed with crude oil of Nigella sativa (L.) seeds.


Yakobson, B., Taylor, N., Dveres, N., Rotblat, S., Spero, Ż., Lankau, E. W. and Maki, J. (2017) Impact of rabies vaccination history on attainment of an adequate antibody titre among dogs tested for International Travel Certification, Israel 20102014. Zoonoses and public health, 64 (4). pp. 281-289. ISSN 1863-2378 doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/zph.12309 Available at https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/68401/


The aim of this article is to analyze the operations in Western Serbia and the neighboring regions conducted from March through September 1944 by the Yugoslav Partisans on one side and the Germans and collaborationist troops on the other. Knowledge of these operations is important for understanding subsequent military and political developments, namely the joint Soviet-Partisan offensive on Belgrade and the establishment of the Communist-dominated government in Yugoslavia. Little is known about these events in the West, in particular the details of the military co-operation between the Germans and the Serbian Chetniks, which developed to its full extent during this period. By relying on a wide array of primary sources, the article will hopefully shed some light on these complex issues, as well as help settle the still-existing controversies surrounding the Serbian nationalist guerrillas' role in the last year of the war.


Backgrounds: Aortic aneurysm and dissection (AAD) are fatal diseases that are caused by the rapid destruction of the aortic wall. Osteopontin (OPN), an inflammatory extracellular matrix protein, is involved in the formation and development of AAD. Fluoroquinolones are among the most widely used antibiotics. On the other hands, recent clinical studies indicated an association between fluoroquinolone use and increased risk of AAD. However, this mechanism remains obscure. In this study, we examined the effects of moxifloxacin (MFLX), one of the fluoroquinolones, on the development of AAD in model mice and investigated OPN expressions in aortic tissues from AAD-model mice and in macrophages (RAW264.7 cell). Methods and results: C57BL/6J mice (4weeks of age) were fed a high-fat diet. Four weeks later (8weeks of age), the mice were infused with vehicle or angiotensin Ⅱ (1000 ng/min/day) via osmotic minipumps for 4 weeks. MFLX (30 and 100 mg/kg/day) or water (vehicle) was orally administered to these mice for last 3 weeks. MFLX (100mg/kg/day) caused to development of AAD in model mice. Additionally, OPN protein expressions were increased in aortic tissues from MFLX-treated mice compared with from vehicle-treated mice. Next, to examine the effects of MFLX on OPN expression in macrophages,


Orthopedic acrylic cements have to fulfill several medical requirements, such as: low values of maximum cure temperature (to avoid thermal necrosis of the bone tissue, during the setting of the cement), moderate sitting time (so that cement does not cure too fast or too slow), high values of compressive strength (allowing the cured cement mantle to withstand the compressive loads involved by normal daily activities) [3]. A new biomaterials generation was born by combining bioactivity, biocompatibility and antibacterial properties of materials, either by antibiotic [4,5] or silver loading [6,7]. The use of antibiotic-loaded bone cement is a well-accepted adjunct in the treatment of infected joint arthroplasty and is gaining further application as a method of prophylaxis. The influence of antibiotic inclusion on cement mechanical properties, specifically fatigue, determines its resistance to crack formation and the long-term in vivo structural integrity


The invention relates to a road traffic OD information collection system for license plate recognition data, which comprises three subsystems of a roadside data collection subsystem, a roadside communication subsystem and a license plate recognition collection and processing platform subsystem; high-speed communication, transmission and data invocation between the data collection subsystem and the license plate recognition subsystem are finished by utilizing the roadside communication subsystem. The processing method comprises the following working steps from step 1 to step 7: storing and uploading the license plate recognition information of an external field collection section; secondary cleaning and secondary recognition; tracing and updating vehicle routes in real time; processing single-vehicle track tracing and revising single-vehicle OD errors caused by errors generated during the license plate information collection and transmission; counting the number of specific vehicles with the same types, the same starting points and destinations and in the same period when passing through the destinations; classifying and storing the revised OD values according to the information of the statistics periods, the vehicle types, the destinations and the like; and displaying an OD distribution matrix in forms of reports and graphs.


In this study, we hypothesized that higher level of education might be associated with reduced racial disparities in renal transplantation outcomes.


metarnorphic material show a high possibility to be put to practical use at this stage. Recent improvements are discussed in the next section from viewpoints of a) and b). 3. Improvement of conventional technique 3.1 Uniformity improvement The planetary type reactor with a face-down system[2] has enabled us to achieve excellent uniformity with very good surface (no particles, etc.) at high throughput. Fig.2 shows uniformity of current gain across a wafer of l50mm in diameter InGaP-HBT, where sheet resistivity of base layer was 250ohm/cm2. Relative standard deviation is very low at 0.5%. This value can be obtained in mass production. In case of pHEMT, standard deviation pinch-offvoltage of less than 20mY in a l50mm wafer has been achieved.