Background & Aim: Urinary Tract Infections are common bacterial infections in pediatric age group. The diagnosis of UTI is very often missed in lower pediatric age group due to minimal and nonspecific symptoms. Etiological agents of UTI are variable and commonly depend on time, geographical location and age of patients. However E.coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae account for most of the cases. Present study aims at to determine prevalence and to evaluate changing trends of etiology and antibiogram of
urinary isolates in children of 0-12 year age group attending Tertiary care hospital, of South Gujarat.
Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was carried out in the Microbiology department of Tertiary care hospital of South Gujarat including all indoor pediatric patient's urine samples received over duration of 6 months. Urine samples were processed according to routine protocol of the microbiology laboratory. Different bacterial isolates from urine samples were identified by using various biochemical reactions. Antibiotic-Susceptibility Testing was done using Kirby bauer disc diffusion method according to
CLSI guidelines, 2018 for particular year. Qualitative data were presented as a proportion.
Results: Total 59 samples showed bacterial growth out of 595 indoor pediatric urine samples. Gram positive cocci were the predominant causative group of pediatric UTI accounting for 52.45%. Whereas Gram negative bacilli were 47.54%. Enterococcus group was the predominant etiological agent for 45.90% with maximum resistance to Primary line of drugs like Penicillin G and Ampicillin.
Conclusion: Drug resistance pattern amongst urinary isolates of pediatric patients indicates that antibiotic selection should be based on knowledge of the local prevalence of bacterial organisms and antibiotic sensitivities rather than empirical treatment.

Keywords: Prevalence, Urinary isolates, Antimicrobial susceptibility, Pediatric patients, South Gujarat.


Raw materials quality assessment is a very important factor, enabling products creation up to the international standards. In this investigation, the qualitative composition of bioactive plant extracts has been checked. The tested extracts have been obtained by the use of supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and can be utilized as raw materials in a commercial production of a wide range of many different goods. Plant extracts of raspberry (Rubus idaeus), strawberry (Fragaria ananassa), blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum), aronia (Aronia Medik.), Japanese rose (Rosa rugosa Thunb.) seeds, and palmetto palm (Sabal minor) fruit have been examined. In these extracts, saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids as well as polyphenols have been identified using thin-layer chromatography (TLC) with aqueous—organic mobile phases. Appropriate content of these components tends to be a determinant of human organism operation. In our investigation, the plant extract components, especially saturated and unsaturated fatty acids and polyphenols, have been tested using micellar chromatography. Different micellar environments, containing polioxyethylene (23) lauryl ether (Brij35), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as a main component of micellar mobile phases, have been utilized. The analyte—micelle association constants (Kma) from Foley's equation have been compared for each of these environments.


Daytime sleepiness is common among individuals with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and has been reported among individuals with Alzheimer's Disease (AD) pathology. However, objective measures of decreased alertness have not been examined in the context of AD. Here, we examined performance on the psychomotor vigilance task (PVT) in relation to AD pathology as indexed by AD biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), among individuals with and without OSA.


With the rapid development and extensive application of Internet technology,emergence of Internet-based virtual community,such as P2P,Grid,wireless networks,multi-agent networks,wireless sensor networks,has caused the migration of reputation related concepts from the world of human interactions to the world of virtual interactions.In recent years,researchers have proposed various trust management models for virtual interactive world,such diversity of trust management model will bring multi trust domains in the different application environments.Some papers have proposed how to achieve trusted interactions between multi domain agents.The interrelated concepts and reasons of multi trust domain were summarized and presented.Several typical trust management systems of multi trust domain including their various methods were described in detail.The current problems and the challenges of this field for future research were presented.The research work indicates that the trusted interactions between multi domain agents create the biggest challenge in the trust management.


Objectives  To test the efficacy of treatment for unilateral visual loss detected by preschool vision screening and the extent to which effectiveness varies with initial severity.

Design  Randomized controlled trial of full treatment with glasses and patching, if required, compared with glasses only or no treatment. Masked assessment of best corrected acuity after 1 year of follow-up.

Setting  Eight UK eye departments.

Participants  One hundred and seventy-seven children aged 3–5 years with mild to moderate unilateral impairment of acuity (6/9–6/36) detected by screening.

Results  Children in the full and glasses treatment groups had incrementally better visual acuity at follow-up than children who received no treatment, but the mean treatment effect between full and no treatment was equivalent to only one line on a Snellen chart (0.11 log units; 95% confidence interval 0.050–0.171; P < 0.0001). The effects of treatment depended on initial acuity: full treatment showed a substantial effect in the moderate acuity group (6/36–6/18 at recruitment) and no significant effect in the mild acuity group (6/9–6/12 at recruitment) (P = 0.006 for linear regression interaction term). For 64 children with moderate acuity loss the treatment effect was 0.20 log units, equivalent to one to two lines on a Snellen chart. When all children had received treatment, 6 months after the end of the trial, there was no significant difference in acuity between the groups.

Conclusions  Treatment is worthwhile in children with the poorest acuity, but in children with mild (6/9–6/12) unilateral acuity loss there was little benefit. Delay in treatment until the age of 5 did not seem to influence effectiveness.


The first term of any preservice teacher education program can be challenging for students in many ways, and learning to read and write in a scholarly way is one potential challenge. This article chronicles events in my secondary education literacy course when I asked students to write in a descriptive, analytical, and reflective way about the experiences that led them to teaching. The assignment was to be forwarded to potential cooperating teachers seeking interns in their classrooms. The stakes were high, and so was the confusion about what it means to write reflectively and how to link such writing to teacher education standards. This forced me to study my own efforts to encourage reflective practice to discover where the gaps in understanding had occurred and how those gaps might be reduced. The self-study experience was enlightening, and I now realize that I can assume nothing about student understanding. The only way to know if understanding has occurred is to ask the right questions and then be prepared to adjust my practice accordingly.


This study investigated the biosorption of heavy metals from industrial wastewater using mushrooms at small-sized pilot-scale. Mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus and Pleurotus cornucopiae) were modified with sodium hydroxide prior to packed bed experiments. Packed bed experiments were carried out in a two-stage continuous system to investigate the effects of different mushrooms, including A. bisporus, P. cornucopiae, and mixed sorbents. A. bisporus and P. cornucopiae each showed merits during each run, and resulted in good-quality effluents. Nevertheless, the system packed with the two mushrooms demonstrated the best performance with a treated volume of 156 L and a total metal uptake of 13.64 mg g−1; the removal efficiencies were over 95.1% for all metals in the outlet effluent, and the treated effluent met the regulatory discharge standards. Models were applied to fit with some experimental data. Desorption studies were carried out for three cycles. The present study showed that the two-stage continuous system packed with different biosorbents could effectively remove various heavy metals from industrial wastewater.


Animal Farm is a fable rich in symbolism.Most of the main characters,settings and great events in the story bear symbolic meanings.All the symbols serve the fable so well that the theme is well deepened and symbolism becomes Orwell's greatest asset in his quest to inform the world the political purpose.


Methods are described for a sequential extraction scheme to dissolve selectively elements bound in soils and sediments in the following nominal forms: (1) adsorbed, exchangeable, carbonate (AEC); (2) amorphous iron oxyhydroxide (am Fe ox), including manganese oxides; (3) crystalline iron oxides (cry Fe ox); (4) organics and sulfides; and (5) residual (mainly silicates). This scheme has been applied in triplicate to a suite of ten international CRMs, i.e., soils SRM 2709–2711 and the SO-1–4 series, marine mud MAG-1, lake sediment LKSD-4 and the till sample TILL-2. Elements determined comprise: As (by HG–quartz tube AAS, HG–QTAAS); Be, Ca, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, P, Ti and V (by ICP-AES); Mn, Fe and Zn (by FAAS); and Cd, Ce, La, Li, Tl, Pb and U (by ICP-MS). The precision obtained is excellent, generally in the range 2–10% RSD, at concentrations 10 × higher than detection limits. Most results for the element concentrations summed over the five phases agree, within statistical uncertainties, with the recommended total values for the CRMs. Those where recoveries are significantly below 90% are for elements such as Cr and V, which are known to be present in refractory minerals and would require fusion for complete dissolution. The results presented herein for samples SO-1–4 and MAG-1 do not agree well with those recently published using a scheme purported to dissolve similar phases. This highlights the need to be more definitive in describing the nature and extent of the phases actually extracted so that comparisons can be made between different laboratories and studies.


Acquisition of experimental data is very important in the discovery of theorems and rules. In most existing discovery systems, extensive subject knowledge is required to evaluate experimental results, or numerous experiment plans are prelearned. On the other hand, few if any reports explore methods of discovery based on experimental data acquisition, not relying heavily on subject knowledge. This paper presents a method of discovering theorems in the field of plane geometry experimentally. Generation and observation of planar figures corresponds to experiments in terms of preparation for data acquisition. The EXPEDITION discovery system based on experimental data acquisition was developed; this system performs inductive discovery of theorems using numerical data obtained by generation and observation of figures. Hypotheses are advanced using segment lengths and angle magnitudes, and then verified using similar figures. EXPEDITION was able not only to rediscover well-known theorems such as Thales's theorem, but also to originate new theorems. © 2001 Scripta Technica, Syst Comp Jpn, 32(4): 69–75, 2001


Ciprofloxacin is an oral quinolone antibiotic with a wide antimicrobial spectrum. Despite its high cost, it has become widely used since its introduction in 1987. In a randomized, double-blind trial, Hooton and colleagues compared two dosages …


Amount raised: Funding will be through public donation and corporates participating in campaign. Background and context: Kick Cancer, a new campaign from Shanab, a men's health initiative by Friends of Cancer Patients' (FOCP) UAE that addresses prostate and testicular cancer. Launched March 20, 2018, Kick Cancer aims to tap into the emotive force of football as a catalyst to effect positive change and awareness about prostate and testicular cancer. It highlights the importance of early detection and endeavors to eliminate stigmas surrounding both types of cancer. The campaign will run from 20 March until the 15 May 2018. Aim: The innovative and global Kick Cancer campaign aims to empower men of all ages to speak up in relation to the issue by harnessing and amplifying football's power as a force for good. Combining a relevant, purposeful and powerful social message with the influence of football celebrities to bring people together for a common cause. The campaign utilizes the power of the sport to communicate the positive message "from good football, to football for good." Strategy/Tactics: The community is encouraged to participate in the Kick Cancer campaign and spread the message by completing the #BinChallenge. With the participation of Barcelona FC striker Luis Suarez whom participated in the campaign by starring in a public awareness ad launching the #BinChallenge. Furthermore, the F2 Freestylers are spreading the message to their substantial online following, demonstrating the #BinChallenge on their channels, which include over 7 million YouTube subscribers and 4.8 million followers on Instagram, and encouraging everyone to take part. The #BinChallenge encourages the public to kick a football symbolizing cancer into a bin, post on social media and tag three friends calling them to accept the challenge and visiting the Web site to learn the signs and symptoms of prostate and testicular cancer. Furthermore, Kick Cancer aims will have 15 school outreach programs to educate kids on the early sign and symptoms of testicular cancer and to empower their fathers to get screened and learn the sign and symptoms of prostate cancer. The school outreach program will also give the children an opportunity to do the #BinChallenge. Program process: •Press conference launch of the Luis Suarez Video and challenge - March 20, 2018 •The F2 Freestyler demonstrating the #BinChallenge to community in the UAE - March 20 until 22, 2018 •School outreach programs - April 15 until May 3, 2018 •Gala Dinner - May 4, 2018 Costs and returns: Production cost of the TV ad of Luis Suarez and marketing production costs. What was learned: Kick Cancer was launched in a movie theater as a movie premiere to release the video and challenge, where media and local social media influencers were invited to view the TV ad and meet the F2 Freestylers. It was very well accepted and adopted by Sharjah Sports Council, Dubai Sports Council, UAE FA and Proleague in the UAE.


As this conference deals with the evolution of intracellular organelles, we thought we might not be too far amiss if we considered the evolution of the glycoproteins found in or on the cell surface structures of higher plants and eukaryotic microorganisms. Further, we hoped that we might find information that would help us to bridge relationships among the major taxa where gaps presently exist. The glycoproteins (glycopeptides) found in cell walls, scales, or other surfaces of eukaryotic organisms have their polypeptides assembled on membrane-bound ribosomes; sugars are then added either in the rough endoplasmic reticulum followed by further processing in the Golgi apparatus or the sugars are added in the Golgi apparatus.' The glycopeptides destined for the cell surface are usually packaged for export in membrane-bound vesicles in the Golgi from which they are moved to the plasma membrane and ultimately they are incorporated into the surface structure of eukaryotic microorganisms and metaphytes.'. Prokaryotes (bacteria) do not require synthesis and packaging of surface polypeptides in organelles such as the ribosomes and Golgi but as they represent the putative ancestors of eukaryotes, we thought it would be appropriate to include some of the surface polypeptides for comparison. Recently evidence has been presented that polypeptides for export to the outer membrane of Escherichia coli may be synthesized on plasma membrane-bound polys~mes.~, A similar site may function for other secreted proteins in b a ~ t e r i a . ~


We have summed up our investigations performed in 1970--1993. The main task of this paper is clearly to show processes of formation of spectral lines as well as their distinction by validity and by location. For 503 photospheric lines of various chemical elements in the wavelength range 300--1000 nm we list in Table the average formation depths of the line depression and the line emission for the line centre and on the half-width of the line, the average formation depths of the continuum emission as well as the effective widths of the layer of the line depression formation. Dependence of average depths of line depression formation on excitation potential, equivalent widths, and central line depth are demonstrated by iron lines.


This study focused on the role foreign direct investment plays in the relationship between quality environment and economic growth in Nigeria from 1970 to 2013. The ordinary least squares technique was employed and the key variables include carbon emission, human capital, per capita income, FDI, trade openness, interest rate, inflation rate and the interaction term between environment and FDI. The result showed that all the variables are stationary at first difference and that long run relationship exists among them. It is observed that FDI ratio and environment negatively impact GDP over the period, but the interaction between FDI and environment positively impact economic growth. It is recommended that the country should reform its environmental policies to attract proper and appropriate technology to boost its economic progress as suggested by the interaction term in the model.


Full Paper: Five coiled-coil-containing proteins were synthesized to evaluate the influence of fusion sequences on their thermal stability. All proteins contained the same coiled-coil domain (VSSLESK) 6 , but differed in the fusion sequence attached. Circular dichroism spectroscopy was used to characterize their secondary structure and thermal stability. The proteins formed a coiled-coil structure, but their melting temperatures were different. The diffetence in the melting temperatures was not caused by either protein concentration or trace nickel ions. Sedimentation equilibrium experiments suggested an effect of the fusion sequence on the oligomerization state, but did not show a direct telationship between the oligomerization state and the melting temperature.


A brazing method connects an assembly made up of a pipe, a component provided with an opening, and a compensation element. The compensation element includes a support section and an insertion section that is arranged between an end of the pipe and the opening of the component. An inside diameter of the compensation element is smaller than a diameter of the opening in the component. The insertion section is inserted into the end of the pipe, and the support section is located between the pipe and the component and rests on the component at the edge of the opening. The compensation element, the pipe, and the component are heated, preferably inductively, in a region of the compensation element to a temperature above the melting temperature of brazing material that is present in the region of the brazing points.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide an exploratory analysis Islamic finance products for housing finance in the UK market and make a comparative study of all available products in the market in order for drawing out the best product presented. To this end, the study examines the key Sharī'ah compliant products offered by different Islamic financial service providers for home financing in the UK and finds as to which product offers the best value for money among its competitors. Design/methodology/approach – The study reviews the various methods available and attempts to justify their use for both parts of the study, part 1 of which deals with the methods used for the review of the key principles of Islamic banking and the surrounding subject area, while the other part discusses the variables and approaches used for the cross-product analysis. The research method adopted is qualitative in nature using first and secondary data. The research of first part of the study is qualitative and is conducted through a literature review. The second part of the study involved collecting primary data with regards to the Islamic housing finance market in the UK. Findings – The research finds that if a prospective applicant for an Islamic housing finance does not have sufficient savings for a high deposit and accepts the Sharī'ah compliance products of Islamic home financing providers in the UK, then the Ahli United Manzil Home purchase programme is the most suitable and competitive; although highest application fees incur. Otherwise the applicant will have to wait until the Sharī'ah compliance products have been thoroughly established. Practical implications – The study recommends that an independent Sharī'ah advisory Board be set up in order to confirm and analyse the Sharī'ah issues pertaining to Islamic home financing, in an objective manner. Originality/value – The paper provides (so far as the authors are aware) the first cross-product analysis of the products offered by Islamic housing finance providers in the UK with the aim of showing the best home financing mode in terms of cost and also the product that complies most with the Sharī'ah.


Abstract Africa's Gulf of Guinea, a major nesting ground for the critically endangered Leatherback Sea Turtle (Dermochelys coriacea), is experiencing rapid economic development. This study reports on the plasma biochemistry and packed cell volume (PCV) of turtles (55 samples collected from 23 individuals) nesting on Playa Moaba, Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea. Because energy reserves and other resources in an individual are finite and turtles may not feed between nesting episodes, decreasing trends are expected in certain plasma biochemical concentrations and PCV values, as well as maternal investment in reproductive output (clutch size and egg mass). Calcium, potassium, sodium, phosphorous, plasma total protein, albumin, and globulin concentrations changed significantly with increasing number of nesting events, but remained within reported intervals in reptiles. Packed cell volume decreased significantly as the number of nesting events per individual increased. Although clutch size did not change, egg mass decreased significantly with increasing number of nesting events. The observed trends may be due to depletion of energy reserves and other resources during reproduction in a possible fasting state, and to the associated physiological stress.


Mommsen left the date of the first treaty between Rome and Carthage a crux, and a crux it has remained. For many years the fires of dispute have burned fiercely, but of late they have gradually been dying down, smothered, it may be, by acquiescence in the idea that the degree of certainty for which it is legitimate to look in early Roman history is very small. Yet the question calls as imperatively for a decisive answer as ever it has done since Mommsen wrote his Römische Chronologie. It is, therefore, remarkable that the most cogent argument for the Polybian dating of the first treaty has barely been suggested, and never presented in any detail; and it is in the belief that a sixth century date can be decisively confirmed that this paper has been written.


A comparative study of the behavior of NMOS and CMOS digital circuits in terms of the ability to tolerate substrate noise is presented. Theoretical and simulation results are confirmed by experimental data gathered from the analysis of NMOS and CMOS test chips. It is shown that while the noise sensitivity of NMOS digital circuits is influenced by a variety of factors, the primary phenomenon responsible for the noise integrity of the CMOS digital circuits is latch-up.


With the availability of text data in various forms on social media platforms, text mining, and sentiment analysis has received huge attention. The task of deriving information from this volume of data to extract knowledge is very complex and expensive because it is usually unstructured and contains noise. Recently, there is a growing need for implementing various approaches and models for efficiently processing this type of data and extracting useful information. This process is known as sentiment analysis, which includes: data gathering, data pre-processing, feature engineering and labeling, finally the application of various natural language processing and machine learning algorithms. This paper provides an overview of the most recent methods used in text mining and sentiment analysis along with their detailed description and a discussion of obtained results.


Background. Since 1996 there have been 446 patients (107 adults) operated for strabismus. This retrospective study (retrospection) indicated that out of those 107 adults 22 of them suffer from convergent concomitant strabismus, 29 from convergent paralytic strabismus, 42 from divergent concomitant strabismus and 14 from divergent paralytic strabismus. Three cases of strabismus surgery on adult patients are presented. Strabismus is a pathological deviation of one eye turning outwards, inwards, upwards or downwards that has severe consequences for sight and aesthetic appearance of a patient. Methods. Therapy consisted of ambulatory patient care, surgery and postoperative orthoptic-pleoptic training. In the first case of convergent paralytical strabismus with vertical component, the retroposition of internal rectus muscle, retroposition of inferior rectus muscle and resection of upper rectus muscle were performed. In the second case of divergent strabismus, resection of both internal rectus muscle and retroposition of external rectus muscle on left eye were performed by means of one surgery. In the third case of traumatic divergent paralytic strabismus, the late reconstruction and then resection of internal rectus muscle and retroposition of the external rectus muscle were performed. Results. Through operative treatment the objective squint angle was diminished and the aesthetic appearance was improved in all three cases. Conclusions. By means of strabismus surgery the aesthetic appearance of adult patients can be improved and by paralytic strabismus weak-sight (amblyopia), contraction of the eye muscles, ocular torticolis and psychic trauma can be prevented. In order to achieve a permanent result with surgical operation, the continuated postoperative orthoptic-pleoptic training is necessary.


URSM (Urorectal Septum Malformation Sequence) in humans is a well-known specific developmental abnormalities originally described in about 25 years ago including the absence of anal, urethral and vaginal openings, ambiguous genitalia and genito-urinary anomalies 1. Before the introduced the term in human medicine, authors used the terms including 'female pseudohermaphroditism with anorectal malformation, hypoplastic pelvic outlet and persistent cloaca' 2. The extent of variation in human URSM cases is from complete to partial or milder variant forms characterized by a single openining draining the cloaca might be compatible with life 3.


Presents a maximum likelihood approach of the separation problem of independent sources linearly combined. This separation cannot be successful using only the spectral matrix. But it can be done using higher order statistics and in particular the fourth order cumulant of the signals. The general linear case can be solved in frequency domain. In this domain the authors introduce the notion of circular complex variables, and give the maximum likelihood estimator of the source model in the complex data case.<<ETX>>


— The power curve of a wind turbine is one of its major characteristics and is used to compute its power output. Estimation of power output and energy yield of a wind turbine is required for performance analysis, planned economical operation and energy management. All this require power curve data and such data as supplied by the manufacturer is neither site-specific nor it accounts the wear and tear of the turbine. It can be used only if a wind turbine is operated as per its design specifications. Hence there is a need to develop the power curve model of a wind turbine which should include the effects of environmental changes such as temperature, pressure, and humidity etc. Moreover, it should include the effects of any wear and tear of the turbine on its output. Keeping it in view, in this paper, a new rotational speed based power curve model is proposed. Proposed model needs only site-specific rotational speed data of the turbine corresponding to its cut-in and rated wind speed. This makes the model accountable to climatic changes and mechanical issues of the wind turbine. Comparative analysis as presented in the paper proves the accuracy of proposed power curve model.


The background to the research reported here is the reorganization and privatization of passenger rail services in Great Britain. This process, enacted by the 1993 Railway Act, made provision for competition in the supply of passenger rail services by fostering competition for the market through a process of franchising, and competition in the market by allowing for the possibility of on-track competition. The attempt to couple both forms of competition is novel and complex, and warrants investigation. In this paper we provide a background to the privatization process and report on the results of models that we have developed to predict and assess the outcome of off-track and on-track competition. On the basis we highlight the principal gains and losses brought about as a result of the regulatory changes and make some suggestions of how rail privatization could be improved.


Since Old Alluvium is not a uniform soil, it exhibits a wide range of index properties. The engineering properties of OA were found to be highly variable (PWD, 1976; Dames & Moore, 1983). Shown in Figure 6-1, the shear strength of OA seems to have little relation with depth. A review of some basic geotechnical properties of the Old Alluvium has been presented by Tan et al. (1980). They also reported that there was no consistent relation between strength and sample depths. For engineering analyses, the material is usually characterised by Standard Penetration Test (SPT) N values (Orihara and Khoo, 1998, Li & Wong, 2001). Orihara and Khoo (1998) suggested a relationship between the undrained shear strength and SPT N-values. Their experimental data fell between the lines of Sus = 4N (kPa) and Sus = 12.5N (kPa), a huge variation. Li and Wong (2001) also reported such a big variation between Su and SPT N-values. However, using the SPT can not provide the reasons for such great variability in engineering properties. The objective of this chapter is to explore reasons for the variability in shear strength of OA, and to propose a framework for characterization.


Purpose : To evaluate error of corneal thickness measurement in different gazes in Orbscan topography. Methods : Sixty eyes of 30 normal subjects were investigated using the Orbscan topography system. The central corneal thickness (Kc) and the thinnest corneal thickness (Kt) on topography map were obtained in 5 different gazes. Gaze directions were classified into center (C), nasal I (NI), nasal II (NII), temporal I (TI), and temporal II (TII), in which I means 13 degree deviation from visual axis and II means 22 degree deviation. Results : Kc in right eye was 540.437.7 m (meanstandard deviation) at central gaze (C) and 55036.9 m at NI ; there was no significant change, but there were in Kc at NII (563.040.5 m), TI (566.532.8 m), TII (595.254.5 m). In addition, the same patterns were seen in left eye in Kc analysis. In contrast, Kt did not change even in 5 gaze changes. In comparison between Kc and Kt at the same gazes, there were significant differences except in central gaze (C). Conclusions : Though the gaze direction changed, the most reliable measurement for evaluation and follow up of corneal thickness is the thinnest corneal thickness (Kc) in Orbscan topography system. In case that the central corneal refractive power and thickness were needed, it is important that Orbscan topography is performed in exact central fixation.


This article discusses the establishment of responsibility for the crimes in the functioning of non-profit organizations under current Russian criminal law.


The Amazon is considered to be the cradle of the Brazilian biodiversity, and in this sense, the amphibian species belong to a group with high medicinal, economic and ecological relevance. In this context, this study aimed at conducting a survey that enabled us to assess the species richness of the anurofauna in the Palmari Natural Reserve, municipality of Atalaia do Norte-AM, in order to contribute with records of registered. Collections were carried out at two distinct seasons: one at the flood period and the other at the low water period of the river to verify the distribution of species. Four spots were established: two at the margins of the river and two in dense forest areas, where plots (40 x 40 m) were established. Were recorded 122 individuals comprising 19 species distributed in six families: Aromobatidae, Bufonidae, Dendrobatidae, Craugastoridae, Leptodactylidae and Hylidae. The spots that presented the highest frequency of records of individuals and species were those next to the river margins. We also observed anthropogenic activities in the region, which may compromise new records. It is concluded that there is a wealth of anurofauna in the reserve, being of fundamental importance conservation studies for the maintenance of local diversity.


Angular distributions of the $sup 34$S(p,t)$sup 32$S reaction at E/subp/ =40 MeV have been measured for states in $sup 32$S up to an excitation energy of 11 MeV. Assignments of the L transfers on the basis of the characteristic shapes of the angular distributions yield several new spin and parity assignments for states in $sup 32$S. Transitions to several unnatural parity states in $sup 32$S were observed with a cross section of about 5 $mu$b/sr. For transitions to the natural parity states distorted-wave analyses based on current shell-model wave functions were performed and compared to the experimental differential cross sections. (AIP)


Wischmeier's soil erodibility factor K calculated for 10 surface soils in the Hornos area, S. Spain, is compared with 3 aspects of aggregate stability. A significant correlation is found with the percentage of particles < 100 μm after aggregate breakdown, which is used as a measure of the vulnerability of the soil to erosion by overland flow. No significant correlation exists with the number of water drops required to cause breakdown of the aggregates nor with the mean size of the shattered aggregates, both being aspects of the resistance of aggregates to splash erosion. Of the micromorphological and analytical soil properties explaining aggregate stability, only the clay and silt content and the number of closed voids are significantly correlated with the factor K. The aggregate stability of the investigated soils is mainly determined by soil properties inherited from the parent material; the stabilizing effect of pedological features is small.


The cavitation bubble distribution (cavitation structure) is spatially inhomogeneous in ultrasonic field. A quasi-emulsion phenomenon of cavitation structure is reported in this paper. The inception process of cavitation bubble cloud in a thin liquid layer (the thin liquid layer is trapped between a radiating surface and a hard reflector) was investigated experimentally with high-speed photography. It is revealed that cavitation bubble cloud can be considered as a uniform fluid (cloud), and water without cavitation can be considered as another uniform fluid (water). The conversion from cloud-in-water emulsion to water-in-cloud emulsion occurs with the increase in the number of bubbles. The formation and stability of cloud-water emulsions is analyzed theoretically. It is found that surface tension of cavitation bubble cloud played a leading role. Findings of this research proved that cavitation bubble clusters can be considered and investigated as a whole. [This work was supported by the National Natural S...


The scattering by an anisotropic impedance interior rightangled wedge is analyzed when the principal anisotropy directions on the two faces are parallel and perpendicular to the edge. The problem is first approached by directly applying geometrical optics (GO); this allows us to identify the conditions under which the edge diffracted contribution vanishes. For those configurations not satisfying the above conditions, a perturbative technique, based on the Sommerfeld-Maliuzhinets method, is developed to determine an approximate edge diffracted field solution, valid when the normalized surface impedances on the anisotropic faces assume small values. The perturbative corrections to the field are asymptotically evaluated in the context of the Uniform Geometrical Theory of Diffraction (UTD).


The is research aims to determine the effect of vulcanization temperature and composition of bentonite clay as good filler on mechanical properties of natural rubber latex product. In this study, we use bentonite clay as filler and alkanolamide as compatibilizer. The material used in this study are high ammonia latex 60%, curative agents such as sulfur, ZnO, ZDEC, AO, KOH, bentonite clay and alkanolamide. Alkanolamide is synthesized from amidation reaction between Refined Blea ched Deodorized Palm Kernel Oil and diethanolamine. The methodology includes pre-vulcanizing natural rubber latex with certain formulation, then vulcanized using dipping method. The variable used in this study is filler loading, from 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 gram, and vulcanization time 10 minutes.  The products were then tested in order to observe its mechanical properties, FTIR characterization, SEM characterization and crosslink density. The results show that the synthesized alkanolamide possess the functional group desired. Alkanolamide modified bentonite clay loading is capable of increasing crosslink density and mechanical properties of the products. Optimum filler loading is reported on 10 gram and optimum vulcanization at 120 o C.


Iqro Method for Teaching Reading and Writing in the Early Years of Elementary School. The study was aimed at finding alternatives for teaching reading and writing in the early years of elementary school. The Iqro method, which is known as the successful method of learning Arabic, was adapted and modified into the teaching and learning of Indonesian. An action research design was employed, involving 22 first graders of SDN Sumbersari 3, Malang. The findings indicate that this modified method facilitated and advanced students' ability in reading and writing.


To getting the hollow fiber composite membrane with high performance,One set of coating plant was proposed.The additional function layer was formed in the surface of the hollow fiber membrane with the plant,including several reaction kettles.The liquids in the kettle must keep constant temperature.The hollow fiber membrane should be kept constant tension to avoid being pulled apart during coating.The control system based on virtual instrument for the plant was proposed and was constructed with PCI-6703,PCI-4351 and PCI-6221.The results show that the control system can realize the heating control,the speed control and the tension control.


In recent years, northern European Union (EU) member states have intensified internal surveillance on irregular migrants. Policy innovation has been geared to controlling, identifying, and even reidentifying irregular migrants who settled within their borders. Policy aims are deterrence, exclusion, and, ultimately, expulsion. Developments in labor market, detention, and expulsion policies and surveillance by the EU immigration database are analyzed in relation to the counterstrategies that irregular migrants devise to escape detection and expulsion by the state. The resulting cat and mouse game between the state and irregular migrants seems to result in a serious threat to irregular migrants' room to maneuver and further increases their dependence on informal, and increasingly criminal, networks and institutions.


The growth trend of BGP routing table has become increasingly clear.Under the circumstance,view of a large number of prefixes lengths in the routing table longer than the values regulated by the addresses allocation strategy,this paper,based on the routing filtering method of pattern-matching,builds the routing filter's mathematical model of BGP routing prefix expanding list.Meanwhile,it makes further discussion of the mechanism of AS-level routing coverage.The simulation result shows that the method could effectively filter out the route whose prefix length does not accord with strategy,and it could meet the requirements of restraining the rapid growth of the BGP routing table.


In the helium cooled lead lithium (HCLL) blanket concept convective phenomena caused by non-uniform thermal conditions due to bulk neutron volumetrie heating can occur. Buoyancy can become very important and modify the velocity distribution and related heat transfer performance of the blanket. A numerical study has been performed to investigate liquid metal flows driven by buoyant forces in a breeder unit of a HCLL blanket under the in Huente of intense uniform magnetic fields, According to the lust design review two internal cooling plates subdivide the fluid domain into three slender How regions, which are thermally and electrically coupled through common walls. First a uniform neutron heal source is considered to identify the basic convective patterns that establish in the liquid metal. Results are compared with those obtained by considering a realistic radial distribution of the power density as obtained from a neutronic analysis. The present paper summarizes the main effects of spatial gradients of a neutron thermal load on velocity and temperature distribution in magnetohydrodynamic flows in a HCLL blanket breeder unit.


Aircraft electrification is one of the growing trends pushing towards a cleaner aviation. The More Electric Aircraft paradigm, having as objective the replacement of hydraulic/pneumatic actuators with electric ones, represents an intermediate step of this journey. In this work, a battery and a supercapacitor installed on the aircraft power grid are controlled through DC/DC converters in order to reduce the stress on both the mechanical and electric parts of the main aircraft generator. Stability properties of the considered grid are proved and a Second Order Sliding Mode control algorithm is applied for converters control. The effectiveness of the proposed strategy is shown by detailed simulations in Matlab/Simscape/Electronics.


The major aim of this paper which is based on the data collected in 1975 through [the] Pakistan Fertility Survey (PFS) carried out under the auspices of [the] World Fertility Survey (WFS) Programme is to study the incidence of desire for additional children and accompanying sex-preference among the currently married non-pregnant and fecund women residing in rural areas with respect to various demographic and socio-economic variables. Attention is also given to contraceptive use among those desiring additional children. It is found that in general four children represent both ideal and completed family sizes. Among those stating a sex preference 94 percent preferred sons. Demand for daughters was greatest among those with two or more sons and among those with no daughters. (EXCERPT)


Accurate prediction of changes in the gas permeability during variable soil-moisture conditions is a prerequisite for improved simulation and design of soil-venting systems for removal of volatile organic chemicals in polluted soils. Air permeability, k, as a function of soil air-filled porosity,


We study the discrete-to-continuum limit of the helical XY $S^{2}$-spin system on the lattice $\mathbb{Z}^{2}$. We scale the interaction parameters in order to reduce the model to a spin chain in the vicinity of the Landau-Lifschitz point and we prove that at the same energy scaling under which the $S^{1}$-model presents scalar chirality transitions, the cost of every vectorial chirality transition is now zero. In addition we show that if the energy of the system is modified penalizing the distance of the $S^{2}$ field from a finite number of copies of $S^{1}$, it is still possible to prove the emergence of nontrivial (possibly trace dependent) chirality transitions.


[1] The south Indian shield is a collage of Precambrian terrains gathered around and in part derived from the Archean-age Dharwar craton. We operated seven broadband seismographs on the shield along a N-S corridor from Nanded (NND) to Bangalore (BGL) and used data from these to determine the seismic characteristics of this part of the shield. Surface wave dispersion and receiver function data from these sites and the Geoscope station at Hyderabad (HYB) give the shear wave velocity structure of the crust along this 600 km long transect. Inversion of Rayleigh wave phase velocity measured along the profile shows that the crust has an average thickness of 35 km and consists of a 3.66 km s � 1 , 12 km thick layer overlying a 3.81 km s � 1 , 23 km thick lower crust. At all sites, the receiver functions are extremely simple, indicating that the crust beneath each site is also simple with no significant intracrustal discontinuities. Joint inversion of the receiver function and surface wave phase velocity data shows the seismic characteristics of this part of the Dharwar crust to be remarkably uniform throughout and that it varies within fairly narrow bounds: crustal thickness (35 ± 2 km), average shear wave speed (3.79 ± 0.09 km s � 1 ), and Vp/Vs ratio (1.746 ± 0.014). There is no evidence for a high velocity basal layer in the receiver function crustal images of the central Dharwar craton, suggesting that there is no seismically distinct layer of mafic cumulates overlying the Moho and implying that the base of the Dharwar crust has remained fairly refractory since its cratonization. INDEX TERMS: 7203 Seismology: Body wave propagation; 7205 Seismology: Continental crust (1242); 7255 Seismology: Surface waves and free oscillations; KEYWORDS: continental crust, Archean crust, receiver function, Indian shield


Local authorities and industries seeking to reduce emissions and improve air quality have shown interest in programs that offer to purchase and retire old, high-polluting vehicles. We analyze the results from an experimental vehicle retirement program in Delaware, during which selected pre-1980 vehicle owners were offered $500 for their vehicles and surveyed about vehicle characteristics, value and use. With this unique data set we estimate the relationship between the owner's reservation price and the expected remaining life of the vehicle to derive a supply curve for emissions reductions, which predicts the emissions reductions as a function of the offer made to eligible vehicles in a scrappage program. Copyright 1996 by MIT Press.


Introduction Human angiostrongyliasis (HA) is a neurological helminthic disease caused by the lung worm Angiostrongylus cantonensis. It is suspected in the combination of travel or a residence in an endemic area and eosinophilic meningitis. In Mayotte, an island in the Indian Ocean, cases are rare but regular. The main objective of our study was to describe the epidemiological and diagnosis clues of HA in Mayotte. The secondary objectives were to evaluate the contribution of Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT- PCR) for the diagnosis of HA, delineate the characteristics of the local transmission and ascertain the presence of A. cantonensis in Achatina fulica, the potential vector of the disease. Materials and Methods Between 2007 and 2012, all cases of eosinophilic meningitis were retrospectively included and investigated by RT- PCR in the CSF. Descriptive analysis was conducted for clinical, biological and radiological features, and were analyzed for all patients together with the search for prognostic factors for mortality. Concurrently, geolocalization and temporal parameters were studied to correlate the occurrence of the cases with rainfall seasons and snails were collected to enhance a parasitic carriage with real time PCR. Results During the 6-year period of the study, 14 cases were identified (2.3 cases/year) and 9 among 10 remaining CSF were positive in PCR. Among 14 cases of EM, 13 were less than 2 year-old children. The 1 year mortality rate was 5/14 (35.7%). Among survivors, 3/7 (42.8%) presented neurological sequelae. Factors associated with mortality were dysfunction of cranial nerves, abnormal brain imaging, and CSF glucose level inferior to 2 mmol/l. Occurrence of cases was temporarily and spatially correlated to the rainy season. Among the 64 collected giant snails, 6 (9.4%) were positive with A. cantonensis PCR. The likely main route of transmission was the children licking snails, carriers of the parasite. Conclusion In Mayotte, HA was mainly found in paediatric cases under 2 years old, and evidenced a life-threatening disease. PCR seems to be a promising tool in the definitive diagnosis of HA. Population should be aware of the role of A. fulica, and not let the children have direct contact with the snails.


 Excessive amount of energy is being consumed, causing more pollution  A lot of water is being wasted nowadays despite the increasing demand  Senior people are not receiving good care due to the shortage of staff in conventional nursing homes [1]  Smart devices require a specific type of connections  Air pollution is threatening humans and the environment [2]  Using green concrete  Building a living wall • Green roof  Implementing motion sensors on the floor to monitor footsteps [3]  Providing Amiigo fitness bracelets and Independa's Angela  Setting ZigBee wireless (figure 2)


Abstract The findings of the Ramirez Report indicate that Latino students who received sustained LI instruction throughout elementary school have better academic prospects than those who received most or all of their instruction through English. This pattern of findings refutes the theoretical assumptions underlying opposition to bilingual education while supporting the theory underlying developmental and two-way bilingual programs.


Abstract Doppler-free LIF spectroscopy was performed on a beam of para -H 2 (95% enriched) in the metastable c 3 Π − u state. Using the method of beam saturation spectroscopy, the resolution was increased to 20 MHz FWHM. Compared to the preceding paper of this series, this allowed the fine structure of the H 2 ( n = 3) states to be largely resolved. The total number of independently measured fine structure splittings in the levels v = 0 to 3 was 66. Theoretically the fine structure in the n = 3 compared is described by 17 coupling constants. The present study has provided for the first time a sufficient number of independent fs measurements to allow, in principle, an unambiguous determination of all 17 constants. The eigenvectors of the true, mixed wavefunctions as obtained in the preceding paper were here used as a critical prerequisite to the diagonalization of the fs Hamiltonian. In practice, in the fitting routine some of the nondiagonal constants were found to be highly statistically correlated within the experimental error. These constants have only collective significance. This is a fundamental limitation, because the experimental resolution was already close to the natural linewidth limit. The variation of the leading diagonal constants with v and, comparing with other work, with n is discussed.


With the improvement of the railway track detection method, it becomes more and more important how to pass the data to the basic construction units, eliminate the hidden troubles as quickly as possible, instruct the railway service, ensure the traffic safety, so as to satisfy the daily fast, quasi-high speed, high speed railway request. In this paper, the track inspection dolly[s system based on the PIC single-chip computer is mainly introduced. The track inspection dolly designed with this project is playing an important role in guaranteeing the security and making the passenger more comfortable.


This paper considers the problem of decentralized sequential estimation in dynamic wireless sensor networks. A coherent medium access control layer is considered, and optimal linear precoder and decoder matrices are designed to minimize the mean square error (MSE) in an online setting. Different from the state-of-the-art decentralized estimators, the proposed framework is flexible enough to handle time-varying parameters, channel gains, and power constraints. Although the general transceiver design problem is nonconvex, a fast block coordinate descent-based method is proposed that incurs very low complexity and yields near-optimal solutions. Motivated by the need to reduce the communication overhead incurred by the centralized schemes, two fully distributed transceiver design algorithms that make use of the constrained linear minimum MSE machinery are also advocated. The resulting approximate precoders are not only near optimal but can also be calculated locally at each sensor. Finally, the entire framework is generalized so as to allow tracking of parameters that follow a known state-space model. Extensive simulations are provided to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed class of algorithms.


The use of optimal regulatory sequences for simultaneous expression of the transgenes might play a significant role in engineering plants with increased disease and insect resistance.The plant expression vector pOMS-GUS,which contained the GUS gene under the control of a chimeric promoter based upon the mannopine synthase(mas)promoter and the octopine synthase(ocs)enhancer,was constructed.Used as control,another vector pMAS-GUS,carried the GUS gene driven by only the mas promoter.The two vectors were introduced into tobacco plants by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation.Fluorometric assays for GUS activity and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)analysis revealed that GUS gene expressed weakly with untreated transgenic tobacco while the level of GUS activity increased steadily after 1 h subjected to wounding.The expression of the mas and ocs/mas promoters was induced a further 1.8-fold and 5.7-fold,respectively.SA(1 mmol/L)or MJ(250 μmol/L)treatment also caused a large induction of the ocs/mas chimeric promoter;And the application of SA in combination with MJ(1 mmol/LSA 250 μmol/L MJ)produced an additive effect that exceeded the wounding response.The results showed that the ocs/mas chimeric promoter is a strong inducible promoter that can be activated by various stresses.The chimeric promoter should have utility in development of disease and insect resistant transgenic crops.


Soft UV nanoimprint lithography(UV-NIL) and reactive ion etching techniques have been used to pattern plasmonic nanohole arrays on the surface of a glass substrate.Imprint specific process parameter like imprint pressure have to be optimized to introduce soft UV-NIL as a high-resolution,low-cost patterning technique for research and industry into biosensing device manufacturing.In this work,imprint pressure has been minimized to 10 psi which is sufficient to guarantee nice replication and pattern transfer fidelity.Finally,after removal of the residual resist layer by reactive ion etching and lift-off,all the features were replicated with good homogeneity and uniformity.To demonstrate the applicability of such systems in biology,preliminary biosensing experiment has been performed on gold nanohole arrays after protein molecules adsorption,which showed a clear transmission peak shift.


The demonstration test of amino acid inorganic-organic manures on honeysuckle produced by Hunan Academy of Forestry were conducted on 2 hectares honeysuckle tested forest in Longhui county of Hunan province in 2011.The results indicate that the yields of dry flower of honeysuckle increased by more than 150% and available components were increased about 50% by fertilize the manures.The manures may be popularized and applied in more area to bring greater economic,ecological and social benefits and plays an active role in promoting social and technological progress.


Data presentation and analysis is an important part in research in E-business system.This paper has put forward a kind of data presentation and analysis model based on XML,uses the embedded XML object stored datum information,transfers the local resources through the client side browser to carry on the operation.itcan express data information with the form that accords with the specification of XML,so makes it have good nature witch is unconcerned with platform,and can be very convenient to deliver on Internet.


Background: TB (Tuberculosis) is the second leading killer infectious disease after HIV (human immunodeficiency virus). Its incidence is worsened by development of multi-drug resistant and extensive drug resistant TB strains. Available treatment regimens are expensive, toxic and lengthy resulting to problems of non-adherence and inadequate response. Medicinal plants on the other hand may offer hope for developing alternative medicine for treatment of TB. This study evaluated the anti-tuberculosis activity of Echinops amplexicaulis. Materials and methods: Total crude extracts of E. amplexicaulis were tested for activity against a wild strain resistant to Rifampicin and Isoniazid (MDR), a fully susceptible laboratory strain (H37Rv) and Mycobacterium bovis (BCG strain) using disk diffusion method. MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) was determined using Middlebrook 7H9 broth. The strains were sub-cultured on Middlebrook 7H10 medium and MBC (minimum bactericidal concentration) determined. Susceptibility was evaluated by measuring zones of inhibition; MIC was obtained as the lowest concentration with no significant growth as shown by clog formation of MTB (Mycobacteria tuberculosis) cells on the walls of the macro broth tube and MBC was obtained as the lowest concentration that inhibited growth of MTB colonies on Middlebrook 7H10 medium. Results: The extract showed a significant effect at a concentration of 50 mg/mL against all the three test strains F (2, 18) = 437.7, p = 0.00. It exhibited a MIC of 0.0488 mg/mL against MDR-TB and M. bovis. Its MBC was the same at 0.0977 mg/mL against both MDR TB and M. bovis. The MIC was much lower (0.0122 mg/mL) for the H37Rv strain. Terpenoids, alkaloids and tannins were present in large amount in the extract while saponins were present in small amounts. Flavonoids were not detected in the extract. Conclusion: E. amplexicaulis has the potential to be developed into new anti-TB drug and outcome of the study supports the folkloric claims of anti-tuberculosis activity of the plant.


View from cleared hills with several native trees, a road winding down to the right, with a gate and a man on a dray being pulled by two horses. The harbour with two ships centre and centre right, with Somes Island to the right. On the left in the middle distance, part of Thorndon, with St Paul's Church and a jetty. The Western hills, the Hutt Valley, Eastbourne and the Tararuas in the distance. Probably a view from above The Glen in Kelburn
Inscriptions: Recto - bottom right - C.D.Barraud. 1870
Quantity: 1 watercolour(s).
Physical Description: Watercolour and Chinese white 455 x 785 mm
Provenance: Hung with a watercolour of Lake Coleridge Station, 1870 (D-022-007), in Government House, Wellington, during the governorship of Sir George Grey. Sold at auction in Wellington to the vendor's grandfather, also a Mr Scrymgeour (or Scrimgeour) in the 1880s or 1890s. Mr Scrymgeour migrated to Australia in the early 1900s to Goondawindi Station. The paintings passed to his son (died 1968) then to his grandson, William John Tyndal Scrymgeour, born ca 1922, of "Arran", Warwick, Queensland.


Heterotopic ossification (HO) occurs following mechanical trauma and burns, or congenitally in patients suffering from fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP). Recently, we demonstrated that inhibitors of phosphatidyl-inositol 3-kinase alpha (PI3Kα) may be a useful therapy for patients undergoing HO. In this study, using the already marketed BYL719/Alpelisib/Piqray drug, we have confirmed further these results, detailed the underlying mechanisms of action, and optimized the timing of the administration of BYL719. We found that BYL719 effectively prevents HO even when administered up to three to seven days after injury. We demonstrate in cell cultures and in a mouse model of HO that the major actions of BYL719 are on-target effects through the inhibition of PI3Kα, without directly affecting ACVR1 or FOP- inducing ACVR1R206H kinase activities. In vivo, we found that a lack of PI3Kα in progenitors at injury sites is sufficient to prevent HO. Moreover, time course assays in HO lesions demonstrate that BYL719 not only blocks osteochondroprogenitor specification, but also reduces the inflammatory response. BYL719 inhibits the migration, proliferation and expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in monocytes and mast cells, suggesting that BYL719 hampers the hyper-inflammatory status of HO lesions. Altogether, these results highlight the potential of PI3Kα inhibition as a safe and effective therapeutic strategy for HO.


In 1855, celia, a nineteen-year-old slave, was prosecuted in a Missouri court for the murder of her master, Robert Newsom. Newsom's remains had been found in the fireplace in Celia's cabin, and after a lengthy questioning (including threats to both her and her children), Celia confessed to fatally striking Newsom, but insisted it was unintentional and only in an effort to resist his sexual advances. Celia's trial for murder exemplifies the paradoxical legal status of the slave in the South: in civil terms, that status was what one court described as "a complete annihilation of the will": a slave could not own property, enter into contracts, bring lawsuits, or enjoy any other privileges of the average citizen.1 But in criminal terms, a slave was held as fully responsible as any free white person. With that responsibility did come some rights—slaves were granted the right to a trial by jury and even, in some states, a court-appointed attorney—but "procedurally," as Lawrence Friedman remarks, "the scales were tilted against the slave" (91). During Celia's trial, for example, the initial self-defense argument presented by her attorneys was cut short by the judge's rulings on her testimony. Although most southern states allowed slaves the right to use force to protect themselves against a life-threatening attack, slaves were prohibited from testifying against a white person in court. Thus not only was Celia's direct testimony barred from the court, but so also were any references to supposed threats upon her life, because they were ultimately based on statements made by her. While Celia's testimony regarding her motives was inadmissible, her signed confession, obtained


The main thesis of the paper is that in the case of modern statistics, the differences between the various concepts of models were the key to its formative controversies. The mathematical theory of statistical inference was mainly developed by Ronald A. Fisher, Jerzy Neyman, and Egon S. Pearson. Fisher on the one side and Neyman–Pearson on the other were involved often in a polemic controversy. The common view is that Neyman and Pearson made Fisher's account more stringent mathematically. It is argued, however, that there is a profound theoretical basis for the controversy: both sides held conflicting views about the role of mathematical modelling. At the end, the influential programme of Exploratory Data Analysis is considered to be advocating another, more instrumental conception of models. 1. Introduction2. Models in statistics—'of what population is this a random sample?'3. The fundamental lemma4. Controversy about models5. Exploratory data analysis as a model-critical approach Introduction Models in statistics—'of what population is this a random sample?' The fundamental lemma Controversy about models Exploratory data analysis as a model-critical approach


The integration of social networks on the move, the analysis of massively Big Data and provisioning of associated services over the cloud has been gaining momentum. The theme for Mobile India 2014 is Social, Mobile, Analytics and Cloud (SMAC). In India, the subscriber base of Facebook and LinkedIn together has surpassed 100 million mark; and the mobile Internet user base has surpassed 140 million. These two phenomenon generate huge amount of data and a potential user base for myriad of applications in the areas of enterprise, education, healthcare and government programmes. At the same time, it also gives opportunities for niche companies in the area to provide Big Data and analytics support to personalize these services towards individuals and organizations. The cloud paradigm provides a viable alternative, especially for Small and Medium Enterprises to reduce their capex spend and attain advantages of reliability and quick time to deploy. Mobile India 2014 will explore opportunities and challenges in the following four sessions: • Mobile in SMAC • Big Data Analytics and Visualization: Key for success • Mobile Cloud • Mobile Social Media


A crucial requirement for the network service provider is to satisfy the Service Level Agreements (SLA) that it has made with its customers. Coexisting network tenants may have agreed different SLAs, and thus, the service provider must be able to provide QoS differentiation in order to meet his contractual commitments. Current one-size-fits-all routing models are not appropriate for all network tenants if their individual SLA requirements are to be efficiently met. We propose a SDN-based multi-cost routing approach which allocates network resources based on a portfolio of tenant SLA, which achieves the goal of accommodating multiple tenants, given their SLAs. This routing approach allocates routes based on both the hop count and the probability of link failure. Experimental evaluation demonstrates that the assignment of network paths to tenants is prioritised according to the SLA class of the tenant. Differentiation between tenants who have different SLAs is achieved. Finally, we demonstrate how the routing model operates and how it impacts upon the provision of different levels of service.


Abstract Theories of the origin of the dipole components of the Earth's main magnetic field are of two types; distributed theories attribute it to a fundamental property of rotating matter, core theories to current systems within the core. The variation with depth below the surface of the horizontal field intensity is different for the two theories. Experimental values are given for this variation, obtained by measurements in coal mines, which are near to the values predicted by a core theory, and significantly different from those predicted by a distributed theory. The magnetic effects of the sedimentary rocks and magnetic anomalies due to the basement rocks are shown to have negligible results on the measurements.


Last decade has been increasing interest in metamaterial research, however metamaterials are sometimes regarded as left handed materials (LHM) or negative index materials but the recent progress in the field has shown that metamaterials are far beyond LHMs. In this paper we provide further advancement in the field of structured electromagnetic from LHM to invisible cloak. The Himalayan Physics Vol. 4, No. 4, 2013 Page: 18-26 Uploaded date : 12/22/2013


Task-based pedagogy is an advanced theory and method.In accordance with the national standard of the subject,English for Senior middle school,this essay attempts to explore the application of the Task-based pedagogy in the teaching of reading in senior middle school.


The crystal structure of the title compound, (C12H30N2)[CoCl4], is composed of discrete (C12H30N2)2+ cations and [CoCl4]2− anions. The asymmetric unit contains a half-cation and a half-anion. The atoms of the cation occupy general positions about an inversion centre, which is located at the midpoint of the central C—C bond. The Co atoms lie on a twofold rotation axis. The slightly distorted tetrahedral coordination environment around the metal atom consists of two Cl atoms and their symmetry-related pairs.


Colorectal cancer is the third leading cause of cancer deaths in men and women. An estimated 131,600 cases will be diagnosed in 1998 resulting in 56,500 deaths. ~ The 5-year relative survival rate for patients with colorectal cancer is approximately 62%. Only 37% of all colorectal cancers are diagnosed in the early, localized stage, where treatment can be the most effective. 2 Inadequate compliance with screening guidelines may be responsible for a delay in colorectal cancer diagnosis. In fact, studies have revealed that compliance to colorectal cancer screening recommendations is less than 50%. ~-5


This paper presents a procedural framework that unifies various mechanisms to look for discrete-neighborhood saddle points in solving discrete constrained optimization problems (DCOPs). Our approach is based on the necessary and sufficient condition on local optimality in discrete space, which shows the one-to-one correspondence between the discrete-space constrained local minima of a problem and the saddle points of the corresponding Lagrangian function. To look for such saddle points, we study various mechanisms for performing ascents of the Lagrangian function in the original-variable subspace and descents in the Lagrange-multiplier subspace. Our results show that CSAEA, a combined constrained simulated annealing and evolutionary algorithm, performs well when using mutations and crossovers to generate trial points and accepting them based on the Metropolis probability. We apply iterative deepening to determine the optimal number of generations in CSAEA and show that its performance is robust with respect to changes in population size. To test the performance of the procedures developed, we apply them to solve some continuous and mixed-integer nonlinear programming (NLP) benchmarks and show that they obtain better results than those of existing algorithms.


The residual stress and welding deformation were measured for the bogie frame steel plate SMA490BW butt joint welded by using the plasma-MIG hybrid welding process and the general MAG welding process respectively, as well as in different groove angle conditions. The results indicate that the plasma-MAG hybrid welding can effectively reduce the residual stress and the welding deformation compared with the classic MAG welding. With the decrease of groove angles, the residual stress and welding deformation reduced accordingly. From the angle of reducing the residual stress and the deformation, the plasma-MAG hybrid welding process should be adopted in the way of narrow groove.


Early childhood is an individual who is developing a process of growth This research is based on the underdeveloped ability of children to identify the geometry of children in the Al-Hidayah Kindergarten of Kamil. This phenomenon is due to the selection and use of inaccurate learning strategies that are not appealing to children. This research aims to help improve children's recognition of geometric shapes through a fun game. This research used a pre-experimental method using one group pre-test post-test design. The subjects selected were 13 students of TK Al-Hidayah Tilatang Kamang. The data were collected using observation and the data analysis was examined by a statistical test. The descriptive result showed that fun game has improved children's recognition of geometric shapes. The statistical analysis obtained a significant difference between pre-test and post-test scores. Hence, the fun game strategy has effectively improved children's recognition of geometric shapes at TK Al-Hidayah Tilatang Kamang.


KQML(Knowledge Query and Manipulation Language) which is a protocol for exchanging information and knowledge, is widely used as an agent communication language. The paper presents KQML criterion and funtion, applying it into CAPP system of the hull assembly process based on multi-agent technology. Due to utilizing KQML protocol, the communication ability of the system is highly improved and its flexibility and stability are also enhanced.


(Note: Herein the term, 'Nepali Painting' exclusively refers to the earlier art of Painting – rooted in religious faiths: and not the art that emerged after the arrival of western notion of painting.)
For centuries, 'The art of Painting in Nepal' remained confined to the visual forms associated with spiritual beliefs: or as a description of imageries from Hindu and Buddhist pantheon. Occasionally, the visuals also narrated rise or decline of particular thoughts or a cult within a given time. The complexities found in the art also, have had intrigued many – by the impressive presence of myriad set of imageries – representing varied meanings or beliefs, expressed in diverse visual forms.
But little is explained and argued on or about the underlining reasons or the deeper human desire to envision so. To argue on it or explain it, it remains a challenge. To dwell on it, it also becomes imperative to go behind - look to the earlier times when chosen thoughts were appeared first or impressed upon the early people. This is necessary so as to understand the state of mind and their perception of life then. Only then, one can or may imagine or analyze what may have had led them to the chosen beliefs and to the visual forms that we call art today. This should be described as the driving spirit of the art.
Present essay therefore, is a brief and a modest attempt to unravel some of such driving spirits – based on the available references and also, personal observations.


DSM(Demand Side Management )technology is helpful to improve the efficiency of power industry and the system reliability.Hereby,it is necessary to analyze quantitatively the effect of DSM on system reliability.The generation models of DSM are constructed based on ELDC(Equiva-lent Load Duration Curve),the EENS(Electricity Expectation Not Satisfied),LOLP(Loss of Load Probability),and LOLE(Loss of Load Expectation)with and without DSM are then quanti fied.The analysis is carried out in a numerical example.The results show that DSM can not only profit each participant but also improve the system reliability,being benef icial to secure and economical power supply.


Abstract : Experiences with the use of large volumes of castor oil for dielectric purposes are presented. These experiences include corrosion of brass parts by the oil, drying of the oil, and the determination of water in the two-phase system of castor oil in contact with mineral oil. Detailed design of a packed column for the purpose of drying castor oil is also presented. (Author)


Abstract In the modern design system of centrifugal impellers, numerical simulations by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) have played a vital role. Despite the rapid growth in computer capability and the maturation of CFD software, the optimization design of centrifugal impellers, which rely fully on numerical simulations, is currently impractical due to the large computational costs required. An approximation model can be applied to overcome this obstacle. This article investigates the application of the Kriging model in the optimization of a centrifugal impeller. First, the feasibility of the Kriging model is verified by a test function and a measure to improve the accuracy of solution is proposed. Following this, on the basis of the impeller's parametric modelling, the Kriging model method is applied to the optimization of a typical industrial centrifugal impeller. It is found that the isentropic efficiency at the design point is increased by 2.49 per cent, and a distinct improvement is made in the flow inside the impeller.


Application of plant extracts have become an available alternative in sustainable vector control strategy due to their less toxic, easily available and non persistant nature. In the present study, leaves, flowers and seeds of Moringa oleifera Lam. are evaluated for their larvicidal activities against Anopheles stephensi (L). The larval mortality was observed at 24hrs and 48 hrs of time exposure. Highest larval percent mortality was observed to be found in the seed extract of Moringa oleifera Lam. plant with 100% mortality at 100 ppm of concentration. LC50 value was calculated against different concentrations. The lowest LC50 value was observed in the M. oleifera Lam. seeds followed by flowers and leaves i.e. 15.17 ppm, 23.99 ppm and 38.99 ppm respectively after 24 hrs of exposure time and 12.62 ppm, 20.46 ppm and 25.11 ppm. respectively at 48 hrs of exposure time. The plant extracts also exhibited some developmental deformities in larvae and pupae. The obtained data indicates that phytochemical derived from M. oleifera Lam. seed extracts are effective mosquito vector control agent.


With the pressure of enrollment expansion of colleges and universities,and the international financial crisis as well,college students are under the pressure of obtaining employment,therefore,they are in a puzzle.Based on a questionnaire survey among students of five colleges' in Huai'an,the present research,which is pertinent to the employment pressure and professional value,shows that all college students' employment pressure is on the high side,and the pressure of the undergraduate students is higher than that of the vocational school students.What's more,the employment pressure and the professional value vary according to different grades,sexes and majors.The higher pressure the college students feel,the greater the influence on their careers will be.In order to change the college students' notion of employment and reduce the employment pressure,on one hand,colleges and universities have to make rational plans and give vocational guidance to help the students fix their vocational goals.On the other hand,college students themselves must work hard to promote their abilities and mental quality to deal with the employment pressure.


Anyone who ever attended a design show knows that despite arriving with a carefully planned list of exhibitors, it is easy to let the discipline slip and find oneself being drawn from one stand to another.  And this was exactly what happened to me.


Both parts of this work present a more detailed and specific analysis of ideas introduced in the previously published letter Phys. Fluids 19, 031702 2007 . In Paper I Phys. Fluids 19, 065101 2009 , we show that the continuous scalar transport and diffusion can be accurately specified by means of mixing between randomly walking Lagrangian particles with scalar properties. Here, in Paper II, we deal with the situation where the number of particles is not sufficient to resolve all scales in turbulent flows and Lagrangian particles with mixing become an approximate model rather than a stochastic framework for solving exact scalar transport equations. We consider sparse-Lagrangian methods that use relatively small numbers of particles compared to the number of Eulerian grid points and discuss similarities and differences with conventional large eddy simulations—filtered density function LES-FDF methods. Special attention is paid to multiple mapping conditioning MMC formulation for sparse-Lagrangian simulations. Physical and simulated equations for joint FDFs of reactive scalars are compared and analyzed. The efficiency of the MMC-LES approach that was demonstrated in several recent publications is explained from a methodological perspective. © 2009 American Institute of Physics. DOI: 10.1063/1.3147927


A multiple model probability hypothesis density(MM-PHD) filter is proposed to solve the track loss problem of PHD filter in highly maneuvering targets tracking.The MM-PHD filter bases on the particle PHD filter,and updates the state of the particles using the multiple model method.Then the updated state of the particles is used to evaluate the PHD distribution of the targets.The filter combines the features of both the PHD filter and the multiple model method and can deal with multi-targets' maneuvering with the number of targets unknown.The proposed filter estimates the number and the state of the targets more accurately than the existing filters do.Simulation results and comparisons with existing algorithms show that the number of targets estimated by the proposed algorithm is consistent with the real situation and the Wasserstein distance value that describes the estimation error decreases more than 50%.


Objective To study the feasibility, safety and clinical effects of early postoperative enteral nutrition support after digestive tract surgery. Methods Thirty two patients were divided postoperatively into two groups. The enteral nutrition group (EN group, n = 22) received nutrison fibre enterally for 7 dsys and the control group(n = 10) received intravenous isotonic glucose solution and oral liquid diet after the bowel movement recovery. Liver and renal functions, plasma protein, glucose, electrolytes, total lymphocyte count, IgG, IgA, IgM and body weight were detected on day 1 (before EN) and day 8 (after EN) optopertively. The recovery of bowel movemen and other digestive Symptoms such as abdominal pain, distention, diarrhea, nausea and vomiting were for during the period of study. Results Serum albumin and prealbumin in the EN group were increased significantly (P0.01). The recovery of bowel movement in EN group is much earlier than that in the control group. The body weights were decreased in both groups while it was less obvious in the EN group compared with the control group (P 0.01). No other significant changes were noted in both groups. The complication rate was 7. 86% 1n EN group. Conclusions Early postoperative enteral nutrition could promote the recovery of gastrointestinal function and nutritional state. It is safe and feasibile.


A new parallel-beam wavelength dispersive (PB-WDS) X-ray emission spectrometer was constructed at the external proton beamline at the Microanalytical Centre of the Jožef Stefan Institute in Ljubljana. The spectrometer combines...


An enhancement of the giant magnetoresistance effect is investigated in spin valves where oxide layers, which are formed from magnetic layers, are incorporated in the structure. Information about Co–Fe based nanooxide layer (NOL) is obtained via x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Rutherford backscattering spectrometry. Cross-section transmission electron microscopy is also used to explore the effect of an NOL on the polycrystalline structure of the spin valve.


THE ulcerating lesions within the grasp of the pyloric ring is difficult. Such ulcers are relatively rare in individual practice, and in the literature there are only a few widely scattered studies of their significance. The available articles were reviewed as a background for the present analysis of 20 cases of lesion of the pyloric ring for which satisfactory follow-up records were at hand. SUMMARY OF THE LITERATURE Butsch,1in 1935, summarized the experience at the Mayo Clinic with pyloric lesions. He found reports of 46 cases of pyloric ulcer in the surgical records there. Only 4 lesions had been accurately localized within the ring by roentgenologic studies. Ten lesions had been excised, and each had been found to be benign. In discussing this paper, Eusterman2said (1) that peptic ulcers of the ring are difficult to diagnose in spite of the fact that patients with such lesions


Summary TheLoweoculocerebrorenal syndrome (OCRL)ischaracterized bycongenital cataract, mental retardation, anddefective renal tubular function. A map assignment ofOCRLtoXq24-q26 hasbeenmadepreviously bylinkage analysis withDXS42atXq24-q26 (0= 0,z = 5.09) andwithDXS10atXq26(9= 0, = 6.45). Twoadditional families were studied andthree additional polymorphisms were identified atDXS42 byusing a 35-kb sequenceisolated withtheprobe detecting theoriginal polymorphism atDXS42.With additional OCRLfamilies madeinformative forDXS42, 0 remained 0withI= 6.63; andforDXS100 = 0.03andz = 7.07. Evidence forplacing OCRLatXq25also comes from afemale withLowesyndrome andan X;3translocation. We haveusedtheXq25breakpoint inthis patient todetermine theposition of OCRLrelative tothetwolinked markers. Eachderivative chromosome was isolated away fromits normal counterpart insomatic cell hybrids. DXS42was mapped tothederivative chromosome X containing Xpterq25,andDXS10was mapped tothederivative chromosome 3containing Xq25-qter. Themarkers DXS10 andDXS42therefore showtight linkage withOCRLinsixfamilies andflank theXq25breakpoint ina female patient with an X;3translocation. Linkage analysis withflanking markers was used toassessOCRL carrier statusinwomen atrisk. Results, whencompared withcarrier determination byophthalmologic examination, indicated that theslit-lamp exam can bea sensitive andspecific method ofcarrier determination inmany cases.


This paper focuses on the study of the Vögelsberg landslide located in the municipality of Wattens (Tyrol, Austria), which reactivated in 2016, causing damages to nearby buildings and infrastructures. Since the date of reactivation, a modern monitoring system has been implemented with the installation of in-situ geodetic automated tracking total stations (ATTS), an inclinometer and two piezometers. Here, we describe two distinctive methods, the Breaks for Additive Seasonal and Trend (BFAST) and the Vector Inclination Method (VIM) used to characterize the landslide from the kinematic and geometrical point of view. The main input data, used for both methods, derive from processing a stack of several Sentinel-1 differential interferograms with the Multiple Small Baseline Subset (MSBAS) 2D and 3D algorithms. BFAST allowed highlighting the seasonality of the phenomenon from the analysis of the time series as well as the trend and the breakpoints that identify the landslide reactivation phases. These latter were then correlated with the main triggering factors such as rain and snow melting. The application of the VIM through the exploitation of the MSBAS displacement vectors allowed the reconstruction of the depth of the landslide slip surface along both the longitudinal and transversal direction and, in turn, the evaluation of the volumes of material mobilized by the landslide. The results obtained further prove that procedures for the in-depth analysis of Multi-Temporal Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (MT-InSAR) data can contribute to slow-moving landslide characterization, which represents a fundamental step for landslide hazard assessment within quantitative risk analyses.


To reduce order picking distance and decrease picking error rate about storage location assignment,this paper proposed one integrated optimization method of storage location assignment based on materials clustering analysis, applied probability and set to measure the association of materials,built a materials clustering model and an assignment model of clustered group both solved by ILOG CPLEX,then completed the specific assignment and practically fine adjustment to meet the unique needs of materials and overall optimization. A case shows that total order picking distance is shortest as 16 materials clustered 7 groups. Compared with stochastic storage assignment and frequency-based storage assignment,storage location assignment based on materials clustering analysis decreases total order picking distance by 18.54% and 10.37%.


Abstract The purpose of this study was to compare fitness levels of children participating in a movement education (ME) program to Illinois fitness norms (control group). The AAHPERD Health-Related Fitness test was administered to children ages 7 through 12 during May in each of the three years, 1980–83. The skinfold measures showed that the ME children had more skinfold thickness regardless of age and gender. Scores for sit-ups and sit and reach over the three years for ME children showed that the 9- and 11-year-old ME males had more abdominal strength and 11- and 12-year-old ME females, less flexibility. Times in the mile run indicated that ME children were slower than the control group. Reference scores at the 50th and 25th percentile on the Illinois norm tables were located for each fitness measurement. These references were then used to determine the percentage of ME children who fell at or above the 50th percentile and at or below the 25th percentile. Data indicated that ME children need remediation...


Dr. Nalivaiko discussed the role of the sympathetic nervous system in inflammatory tachycardia, tachycardia observed under inflammatory conditions, citing our resent study ([4][1]) as a reference. In fact, inflammatory tachycardia has long been thought to result from increased sympathetic activity


Dijkgraaf and Vafa have conjectured that the effective superpotentials for = 1 four-dimensional supersymmetric gauge theories can be given by the planar diagrams of matrix models. We examine some special models with cubic and quartic tree level superpotentials for adjoint chiral superfield Φ. We consider the effective superpotentials for the classical vacuum Φ = 0 for U(N) and SO(N)/Sp(N) gauge theories. We evaluate the effective superpotentials exactly in terms of the matrix model and in terms of closed string theory on Calabi-Yau geometry with fluxes. As a result we find their perfect agreements.


7 simple sequence repeat (SSR) primer pairs of black walnut were used to study the genetic structure and diversity of 3 walnut (Juglans regia L.) populations in Yili, Kashi seedlings and cultivars (total of 80 samples). The results indicated that percentages of the polymorphic bands of primers varied from 92.3% to 100%among primers; expected heterozygosity of Yili, Kashi and cultivar population was 0.232 5, 0.3085 and 0.305 respectively, Shannon's index of those was 0.336 1, 0.466 9, 0.464 6, and the rate of polymorphic band was 56.52%, 95.83%, 86.84%, Which reflected that these populations had a high level of genetic diversity, and the genetic diversity of Kashi population was the highest and that of Yili population was the lowest. There was cross phenomenon (gene flow Nm=2.0934) among individuals based on cluster analysis; relationship and evolution of the these populations was discussed and the results offered molecular proof for the judgment that China is one of origin centers of walnut cultivars.


Abstract 3025

Introduction: Although allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) is the only curative treatment for MM, it is associated to a high morbility and mortality. Moreover, relapses are common after allo-RIC. Accordingly, new strategies are required to reduce both the risk of relapse and the toxicity of the procedure. As we have previously demonstrated, Bz induces a selective depletion of alloreactive T-cells and has immunomodulatory properties which might be of potential benefit for GVHD control. The primary end point of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of allo-RIC in terms of response when Bz was added as part of a reduced intensity conditioning prior to allo-SCT. Secondary end points included incidence of GVHD and analysis of the toxicity of the procedure when Bz is also administered post-infussion as part of the GVHD prophylaxis.

Method: Prior to allo-RIC, patients received two cycles of Bz plus dexamethasone. Conditioning consisted of fludarabine (30 mg/m2 intravenously on days -9 to -5) and melphalan (70 mg/m2 intravenously on days -4, -3) plus Bz 1, 3mg/m2 on day - 11 and -2. GVHD prophylaxis included cyclosporine (CsA) and methotrexate for the first 9 patients and CsA plus MTX and Bz on days +3 and +7 for the remaining 7 patients. From day +50 post allo-RIC 7 cycles of Bz (+1, +8, +15) were administered, the first two cycles every 28 days and the rest every 56.

Results: 16 patients from the Twenty-one initially enrolled, were evaluable. All 16 patients had received at least 2 lines of therapy including autologous-SCT. Disease status was CR or nCR in 4 patients, 9 had PR and the remaining 3 patients had relapsed / progressive disease. 15 patients maintained or improved status at transplant including all × patients with active disease at transplant. Eight patients (50%) relapsed, four with extramedullary involvement. No patient developed grade 4 aGVHD.Grades 2–3 aGVHD occurred in 6 patients (37%). Interestingly, two out of the nine (29%) patients who received Bz on days +3 and 7 developed grades 2–3 acute GVHD as compared to four of the nine (44%) who did not receive it. In terms of toxicity, one patient did not achieve platelet engraftment and 2 patients developed peripheral neuropathy requiring treatment withdrawal. 8 patients died, four of them due to relapse (MRT: 25%). With a median follow-up of 457 days overall survival was 46%.

Conclusions: The current trial is the first evaluating the efficacy and safety of Bz as part of a reduced intensity conditioning regimen among patients with high risk MM undergoing allogeneic transplantation. Regarding the efficacy of the procedure all but one patient improved disease status post-alloRIC although relapse rate was still high in this heavily pretreated population. In addition, Bz post-alloSCT is well tolerated and may decrease the incidence of GVHD.

Disclosures: Perez-Simon: Janssen-Cilag: Patents & Royalties. Off Label Use: This study evaluates the efficacy of Bortezomib as part of a reduced intensity conditioning regimen among patients with high risk MM undergoing allogeneic transplantation. Rosinol: Celgene: Honoraria; Janssen: Honoraria. San Miguel: Celgene: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Novartis: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Janssen-Cilag: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Millennium: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees.


According to literature, entrepreneurship education (EE) teachers face difficulties in their everyday work when they attempt to combine the content of entrepreneurship and the educational methods required to teach it [1–4]. To understand this phenomenon more thoroughly, Fayolle [5] raises a question relating to the basic elements of EE: "What are we talking about when we talk about entrepreneurship education?" To overcome the conceptual confusion, researchers in the field call for theoretical and conceptual studies focusing on ontological and epistemological issues.


We have investigated the effect of non-axisymmetric (NA) fields on the evolution of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) instabilities and resulting disruption processes in various discharges such as pure Ohmic and neutral beam (NB) heated L-mode discharges. Previous experiments in pure Ohmic discharges have found that when the mode amplitude reaches a certain level, the n=2 NA field begins to interfere with the growth of the n=1 locked mode. As a result, the n=2 NA field can delay the n=1 error field (EF) induced disruption. In NBheated discharges, the overall effect of n=2 NA field appears to be similar to that in the Ohmic discharges. However, the detailed evolution towards major disruption was somewhat different. With the n=2 NA field, initial minor disruptions were much weaker than those in the reference discharge without the n=2 NA field. To reach the same level of minor disruptions as in the reference discharge, we needed stronger n=1 EF in the discharge with the n=2 NA field. Electron cyclotron emission imaging (ECEI) showed different patterns of minor disruption depending on the presence of n=2 NA field. As in the Ohmic discharge, the resulting major disruption was delayed in the NB-heated discharge as well. A series of experimental results in various discharge conditions show the possibility of using NA fields to control or delay the plasma disruption process.


We propose a transformation from digital logic circuits modelled in the Logisim modelling language (and tool) to behaviourally equivalent models in the Discrete-EVent System specification (DEVS) formalism. This is achieved by mapping each Logisim component to a corresponding atomic DEVS model and by preserving the component coupling. The challenge in this work is the faithful preservation of all details of the Logisim semantics. The transformation is described and the translation of an example data path is given.


The identification of ac motor nonlinear magnetic field has been studied, then the method of ac motor practical time control by intelligent neural controller is proposed in this paper. It has been verified by experiment that, the method have higher anti disturbance ability and strong characteristics for nonlinear system control.


Earthquakes are phenomena associated with rupture of a part of the earth crust and the subsequent propagation of breakup front or energy front over wider regions of the crust or a plate. Primitive Cellular Automaton Model treats this phenomenon by dividing the crust into many small square cells and introducing interactions among (nearest) neighbours. The state of each cell is specified by the energy (or, equivalently, the number of particles just like sand pile model) stored in it. When the stored energy exceeds a critical value, the cell gives the energy to the neighbouring cells. This model belongs to a conventional cellular automaton model in that the same rule for redistributing energy is adopted. The major differences of our model from the preceding ones lay on the choice of the initial condition and the cells to be revised : All cells are arranged initially to be below but near critical state in order to simulate large earthquakes. In addition, all the cells are subjected to the revision of state at every time step. We employ the renormalization method in statistically analyzing the outcomes of the simulations to show that this model is capable to describe the causal correlations of main and aftershocks of a single strong earthquake. In particular, the data obey relations analogous to the Omori law for aftershocks and the Gutenberg-Richter-Ishimoto-Iida law for seismic magnitudes.