Experimental and theoretical rate constants for the reactions H/sub 2/ + Cl in equilibrium H + HCl, H' + ClH'' ..-->.. H'Cl + H'', and H' + H''Cl(upsilon = 1) ..-->.. H' + H''Cl(upsilon = 0) are discussed in detail (H' and H'' are H, D, or T). For the reaction H/sub 2/ + Cl in equilibrium H + HCl, experimental rate constant data for the forward and reverse reactions are in good shape. Semiempirical potential energy surfaces have been found which, combined with trajectory calculations or activated complex theory, give rate constants in reasonable agreement with experiment. However, these potential energy surfaces cannot be extended to include the exchange reaction, H' + H''Cl ..-->.. H'Cl + H'', and neither the experimental determinations or theoretical predictions of the abstraction/exchange branching ratios are well established. Relaxation of HCl(upsilon = 1) by H or D atoms may result from either reactive or nonreactive collisions; theory and experiment disagree as to the relative importance of these two channels. 8 figures, 8 tables.


Neuropathic pain is now considered a distinct clinical entity that affects 7–8% of the population and is associated with many common diagnoses including spine disease, neuropathy, nerve injury, and various infectious diseases [1–3]. Since the early 1980s, several dozens of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have been reported involving thousands of patients with neuropathic pain [4,5]. Improving RCT design may further facilitate the development of new and improved treatments. Internal validity of an RCT requires minimization of various sources of bias (systematic deviation from the true result), which is facilitated by random allocation of participants to different treatments and blinding participants and research staff to treatment allocation [6]. Other sources of bias may exist despite randomization and blinding [7], some of which may be mitigated by trial design modifications (e.g. efforts to minimize dropout and missing data). Another important consideration of internal validity is assay sensitivity—'the ability of an RCT to distinguish an effective treatment from a less effective or ineffective treatment' [8]. Maximizing internal validity (e.g. restrictive inclusion criteria) can conflict with the external validity, or generalizability and possibly limit relevance of RCT results to 'real-world' practice [9]. This article highlights key issues being considered to optimize the balance between internal and external validity of neuropathic pain RCTs.


Plantinum electrodes modified with 10 kinds of π-conjugated polymers have been prepared. These polymers include poly(pyridine-2,5-diyl) PPy, poly(2,2′-bipyridine-5,5′-diyl) PBpy, poly(3-octylthiophene-2,5-diyl) P3OcTh, and poly(6-hexylpyridine-2,5-diyl) P6HexPy. Films of PPy and PBpy behave as good H+-transporting materials in 0.5 M H2SO4 (aq). Plots of log i vs. V for electrodes modified with the polymers give linear lines in a current density region of 10−5.5—10−2 A cm−2. The slope of the line, β = dV/d(log i), depends on the kind of the polymer. Hydrophilic PPy and PBpy give a β value of 3.2 × 10−2 V, while hydrophobic P3OcTh and P6HexPy with long alkyl chains give a larger β value of 4.5 × 10−2 V. Diffusion coefficients of H+ in films of PPy, PBpy, and poly(quinoline-2,6-diyl) P(2,6-Q) are estimated to be larger than 10−7 cm2 s−1 from limiting currents at room temperature. The i–V curve of a P(2,6-Q)-modified Pt electrode shows a strong pH-dependence reflecting a chemical change of the polymer with pH...


Varicose veins that recur after standard high tie and strip are often associated with venous reflux in the thigh, as shown by duplex ultrasonography. The aim of this study was to look for evidence of revascularization in the strip track after great saphenous vein (GSV) stripping.


Mismatch filters are generally used to reduce the range sidelobes when phase-coded waveforms are used. It is shown that such mismatch filters can be designed with convex optimization techniques by formulating the problem as a second-order cone programming problem. It is also shown that it is possible to make trade-offs between peak sidelobe levels and losses in the main peak gain.


The corporate sector is increasingly depending on external sources for meeting its funding requirements. Thee appears to be growing preference for direct financing (Equity and Debt) instead of indirect financing from the external sources3 like bank loan etc. The palpable reason is that value of the firm can be increased or a judicious mix of debt and equity capital can reduce the cost of capital. So the manner in which the over all cost of capital reacts to changes in capital structure and solvency, are required to be measured to know the shareholder's value. To obtain better understanding of the firm's position and performance of Information Technology Companies, the ratio analysis shall be considered as a tool for analysis of return on invested capital, profitability, liquidity, asset utilization and efficiency, capital structure and solvency etc., rather than as an end in itself. The financial statements provide information about the financial positions of an enterprise that is useful to a wide range of users in making economic decisions. The significant role of this research is to ensure the perspicuous comparative study of these Information Technology companies by pursuing the research in two Categories by Ratio analysis and basic descriptive statistics respectively. Ratio analysis is a widely - used tool for financial analysis. It enables the shareholders to spot trends in a business and to compare its performance and condition with the average performance of similar businesses in the same industry. This research uses a selection of ratios to examine a firm's financial strength and weakness and to provide the essential foundation for financial decision-making and planning.


Background: Most households in Cameroon rely on solid fuel for cooking. The government haslaunched a Master Plan to increase LPG use from <20% to 58% by 2035 to address deforestationand energy s...


Power converters, e.g. in a popular synchronous buck topology, need high performance power MOSFETs in order to achieve high efficiency, low voltage ringing, ESD protection and low EMI. To satisfy these requirements, an asymmetric gate resistor power MOSFET is proposed by integrating a shunt resistor with a parallel LDMOSFET-connected diode in a source down power MOSFET (NexFET). The novel MOSFET has several advantages. First, the shunt resistor is used to slow down the turn-on speed of the high-side (HS) MOSFET, resulting in small voltage ringing of the switch node and low EMI in a synchronous buck converter. Second, the integrated diode preserves a fast turn-off speed and high conversion efficiency. Third, the bulk diode of the LDMOSFET can achieve ESD protection for gate oxide.


: We are a big wildlife country and the need for animal protection is huge. It is important to mobilise everyone to support and participate in the development of animal protection however the number of people in our country who understand and engage in in animal protection is very small. By distributing questionnaires online and investigating the basic information of the respondents, the degree of understanding and methods of animal protection, and the attitudes towards animal protection, I summarised the public's awareness of animal protection and the factors influencing it, analysed the existing problems, considered improvement measures, and aimed to promote the development of animal protection.


Reactive ion etching of the sputter deposited tantalum oxide has been studied. Process parameters that affect the etch rate, such as the power, pressure, and temperature, were investigated in a wide range of conditions. Etch selectivities between tantalum and tantalum oxide in various processes have been examined. By exchanging one F atom in the CF 4 molecule or one Cl atom in the CF 3 Cl molecule with one H atom, we can reverse the etch selectivity. Structures of the etched surfaces were characterized with the electron spectroscope for chemical analysis


BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY :
Early identification of the process of carcinogenesis is challenging and when
decoded, would provide an efficient diagnostic and prognostic tool in the early
identification of neoplastic change in the tissues. Micronuclei count could act as an
efficient biomarker of this process. Moreover, the micronuclei test is a non-invasive
diagnostic test with a sensitivity of 94%, specificity of 100% and accuracy of 95%.
Thereby micronuclei identification would act as an early predictor of cytogenetic
changes in the oral epithelial cells of tobacco users.
AIM :
To evaluate the frequency of genotoxic changes in the smears of exfoliated
oral epithelial cells using Papanicolaou (PAP) stain in tobacco users without lesions
and tobacco users with precancerous lesions as compared with controls.
OBJECTIVES :
1. Comparison of the frequency of occurrence of genotoxic changes between
tobacco users with precancerous lesions and tobacco users without clinically
evident precancerous lesions compared with healthy controls.
2. To propose oral mucosal micronuclei frequency as an early potential marker
of genotoxic changes in oral epithelial cells.
MATERIALS AND METHODS :
Out patients were examined and grouped into three groups following the
inclusion and exclusion criteria of each group. Group 1 includes normal healthy
individuals, Group 2 includes individuals with two years of smoking history without
any precancerous lesion and Group 3 includes individuals with histopathologically
confirmed precancerous lesion (Leukoplakia). Smears were taken from buccal mucosa
.The smears were air dried and stained with Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid (DNA) specific
PAP stain using RAPID PAP™ staining kit. 100 cells were analyzed on each slide
under 40 x magnification using light microscope with the help of AP viewer.
RESULTS :
Group 1 consisted of normal healthy individuals showed MN mean value M=
4.25 (P=0.001) with the standard deviation value of SD=0.96.Group 2 consisted of
smokers of two years duration showed the mean value M=13.30 (P=0.001) and the
standard deviation value of SD=2.98 there by indicating a significant rise in the mean
value when compared to the control group. Group 3 consisted of histopathologically
proven precancerous lesion (leukoplakia) showed the mean value M=35.70 (P=0.001)
and the standard deviation value of SD= 6.68 which shows a significant rise when
compared to the other two groups.
CONCLUSION :
The increase in frequency of Micronuclei (MN) is very evident from the values obtained which correlates with the increased and abnormal mitotic process at the cellular level and the results were statistically significant. Analysis of the data obtained showed that MN were present in all groups and the frequency increases in tobacco users without lesions and further increase in MN was noticed in tobacco users with lesions. Hence we conclude that micronuclei assay can be used to detect early genotoxic changes.


To improve the property of fructooligosaccharides and meet customer's demand,the optimum conditions for the technology process is determined through the single factor test as follows: the best response temperature 55 ℃,the proportion of the catalyst 20%,the activated carbon 1.5%,decoloring temperature 60 ℃ and decoloring time 40 min.The process is easily applied to industrial production.


A general model is proposed which accounts for the dynamical evolution of the observed jets, envelopes and tail bands of periodic Comet Swift-Tuttle, the parent comet of the Perseid meteor stream, in terms of dust ejection from discrete active regions on the rotating nucleus. High-resolution drawings and measurements of cometary jets made upon the comet's first appearance in 1862 are used to infer a nuclear rotation period of 2.77 days, obliquity of 80 deg, and spin axis orientation with respect to the solar direction of 60 deg. The observed jets are attributed to eight discrete active regions covering not more than 1% of the cometary surface and producing bursts of duration of about 0.1 day. Calculations show that waning dust jets develop into envelopes and that old envelopes in turn become the observed tail bands. No evidence of truly violent explosions is found, and effects of active region outgassing on cometary orbital motion are negligible. Potential applications of the model to periodic Comet Halley and other comets are noted.


A copper alloy sheet for QFN(Quad Flat Non-leaded) package superior in dicing processability and a QFN package are provided to reduce burr generated on the outer lead and wear of the blade in the dicing process. A copper alloy sheet for QFN package superior comprises Fe 0.01~0.50 wt%, P 0.01~0.20 wt%, Sn 0.005~5.0 wt%, Zn 0.005~3.0 wt%, and the rest Cu and inevitable impurities. The copper alloy sheet has Micro-Vickers hardness of 150 or greater, uniform elongation of 5% or less, and partial elongation of 10% or less.


Interleukin-10 inhibits pulmonary NF- k B activation and lung injury induced by hepatic ischemia-reperfusion. Am. J. Physiol. 277 ( Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. 21): L919–L923, 1999.—Hepatic ischemia and reperfusion cause local and remote organ injury. This injury culminates from an integrated cascade of proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and adhesion molecules, many of which are regulated by the transcription factor nuclear factor- k B (NF- k B). The anti-inflammatory cytokine interleu-kin-10 (IL-10) has been shown to have inhibitory effects on NF- k B. The objective of the current study was to determine whether IL-10 could suppress pulmonary NF- k B activation and ensuing lung injury induced by hepatic ischemia- reperfusion. C57BL/6 mice underwent partial hepatic ischemia with or without intravenous administration of IL-10. Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion resulted in pulmonary NF- k B activation, increased mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor- a (TNF- a ), and macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2), as well as increased pulmonary neutrophil accumu- lation and lung edema. Administration of IL-10 suppressed lung NF- k B activation, reduced TNF- a and MIP-2 mRNA expression, and decreased pulmonary neutrophil recruitment and lung injury. The data suggest that IL-10 protects against hepatic ischemia and reperfusion-induced lung injury by inhibiting lung NF- k B activation and the


The Kenyan government recently outlined a new brand of coercive population control. Unlike China's policy which uses coercion to control the number of births, Kenya is trying to control population earlier in the reproductive process by changing women's desires to have children.


OMNIFACE is an object-based environment that assists the user in the preparation of the input files for quantum-chemical programs. These programs share the same conceptual domain, but the formalisms used to set up the desired computation are different from one application to the other. In order to set up the computation, the user has to prepare an input file containing the values for a number of different parameters. This task can be very complex because of the large number of parameters to choose from and because of the constraints existing among them. A constraint violation can lead to a job abortion or to wrong results. OMNIFACE supplies a uniform and friendly environment that allows the user to experiment with possible configurations of parameters and with different applications. It includes a domain model that is used to specify the desired computation working on concepts typical of computational chemistry. A distributed object-oriented constraint checking system ensures the overall consistency of the resultant input file.<<ETX>>


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In this paper, we compute the Morse index of the steady-state bifurcation solutions from the eigenvalue 9 λ λ = with multiplicity two of the Laplacian operator for a class of reaction-diffusion equations with Robin boundary conditions on the two-dimensional rectangular area[ ] [ ] 0,2 0, . π π ×


Very significant enhancements of the element iridium have been observed in association with the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary in marine sediments laid down 65 m.y. ago and subsequently uplifted above the ocean's surface. If our hypothesis for the origin of the iridium and the cause of the Cretaceous/Tertiary life extinctions (the asteroid-impact theory) (Alvarez et al., 1980) is correct, the Ir anomaly should be associated with the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary region wherever it is intact. The present work was undertaken to search for the Ir anomaly in a deep-sea-drilling core, in order to check this aspect of the asteroid-impact theory.


The prognosis following discharge, with cardiac events as endpoint, was related to left ventricular function in 217 patients admitted with a suspicion of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), but in whom the diagnosis was not confirmed (non-AMI patients). The investigations used were echocardiography, systolic time intervals, and chest X-ray. During follow-up (median 14 months, range 12-24 months), 18 cardiac events occurred, i.e. non-fatal AMI or cardiac death. The prognosis for non-AMI patients was only slightly better than for patients with confirmed AMI (p = 0.05). The prognosis for non-AMI patients was significantly related to a decreased left ventricular function. Measurements of relative heart volume or mitral septal separation on echocardiography gave significant information about prognosis. The percentage without cardiac events after one year was 88.0 in patients with cardiomegaly versus 96.8 in those with normal heart size (p = 0.029). We conclude that non-AMI patients with decreased left ventricular function are at increased risk of cardiac events following discharge.


The national STD Clinical Consultation Network (STDCCN) receives requests regarding complex STD cases. A total of 927 requests from Western states, 2017-2019, were analyzed for STD of inquiry and syphilis-specific subtopics. Syphilis-requests accounted for the majority of queries and the number and proportion of syphilis-related requests increased significantly over time.


To determine the relative risks of cardiovascular (CV), gastrointestinal (GI), and renal adverse events during long‐term treatment with celecoxib, compared with ibuprofen and naproxen, in patients with osteoarthritis (OA) and patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).


FEPW specifies the configuration and run - time characteristics of a federation execution. It has tables about federation, federates, hardware, software, network, facilities, RTI and OM. Lifecycle management of federation execution has three phases: before, after and in the middle of execution. The management of software and hardware environment federation is also included. These two technologies are introduced in this paper. How and where FEPW can be used in the management of federation execution is analyzed. The conclusion that FEWP should provide services to the management and management should be based on FEPW is achieved at last.


Aiming at the question of interference regeneration with small spread factors for frequency selective Rayleigh fading CDMA systems, we propose a concept of attenuation factors and a novel scheme of multistage nonlinear parallel interference cancellation (PIC) based on attenuation factors. Moreover, we analyze the effects of the attenuation factors of multistage non-linear PIC with small spread factors. Computation results show to what extent the performance can be improved.


In recent years, there has been a growing interest in using rich representations such as relational languages for reinforcement learning. However, while expressive languages have many advantages in terms of generalization and reasoning, extending existing approaches to such a relational setting is a non-trivial problem. For a relational reinforcement learning (RRL) agent, learning a model of the world can be very helpful. However, in many situations learning a perfect model is not possible. Therefore, only probabilistic methods capable of taking uncertainty into account can be used to exploit the collected knowledge. We present a first step towards the online learning and exploitation of relational models. We propose a representation for the transition and reward function that can be learned online and present a method that exploits these models by augmenting Relational Reinforcement Learning algorithms with planning techniques. References CROONENBORGHS, T. and RAMON, J. and BLOCKEEL, H. and BRUYNOOGHE, M. (2006): Model-Assisted Approaches for Relational Reinforcement Learning: Some Challenges for the SRL Community. In: A. Fern, L. Getoor, B. and Milch (Eds.):Proceedings of the ICML-2006 Workshop on Open Problems in Statistical Relational Learning, 1–6. CROONENBORGHS, T. and RAMON, J. and BLOCKEEL, H. and BRUYNOOGHE, M. (2007): Online learning and exploiting relational models in reinforcement learning. In: M. Veloso (Eds.): Proceedings of the 20th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, To appear.


In this paper we prove that some Janko groups are uniquely determined by their orders and one irreducible character degree. Also we prove that some finite simple K4-groups are uniquely determined by their character degree graphs and their orders.


This paper considers the factor screening problem with multiple responses for simulation experiments. The objective is to identify important factors with controlled Family-Wise Error Rate. We assume a multiple-response first-order linear model, the responses follow a multivariate normal distribution, and estimated effect coefficients also follow multivariate normal distribution. Two likelihood ratio based procedures, Sum Intersection Procedure (SUMIP) and Sort Intersection Procedure (SORTIP), are proposed and verified. Numerical studies are provided to demonstrate the validity and efficiency of our proposed procedures.


Valeur et al. report findings from a substudy of the DANAMI-2 trial. The paper describes the prognostic importance of a pre-discharge maximal exercise test following acute myocardial infarction in the era of aggressive reperfusion treatment of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Exercise testing has been validated and adopted for risk stratification before discharge in patients with acute coronary syndromes for several years. In addition to providing important prognostic information, exercise testing has also been used to select high-risk patients with provocable myocardial ischaemia (MI) suitable for revascularization. A pre-discharge exercise test also has significant impact on the patient's rehabilitation; information on exercise capacity may facilitate tailored physical activity at a safe level, to be continued when the patient is at home. Since its first introduction in the 1930s, stressing the heart by exercise testing has been an important routine investigation in known or suspected coronary artery disease. However, in the modern era of very aggressive interventional reperfusion strategies, exercise testing is somewhat out of fashion, and today only a minority of patients go through a pre-discharge exercise test after an episode of acute coronary disease. In addition, the emphasis has progressively shifted from the exercise capacity obtained during the test, towards signs of ischaemia (ST-segment changes). Thus, when an exercise test is performed the information obtained on the individual exercise capacity may be overlooked because of the emphasis on ischaemia. This may be unfortunate since the exercise capacity is a strong independent risk factor for both cardiovascular and other mortality. Initially demonstrated in healthy subjects, a recent study by Myers showed that also in a clinical patient population referred for exercise testing with and without coronary artery disease, the peak exercise capacity was the strongest predictor for death. In fact, exercise capacity seems to be the best single exercise variable for identifying patients with low risk for cardiac death post-MI, either pre-discharge or post-discharge. In a meta-analysis of pre-discharge risk stratification, post-MI markers of left ventricular dysfunction (such as exercise duration) were better predictors of adverse outcome than markers of ischaemia. The rehabilitation aspect of testing is often neglected and the angiogram is substituted as a marker of increased risk, with the perception that once the stenosis is fixed, the risk is gone. However, the prognostic importance of angiographic findings is often overestimated.


Suppose the world is chancy. The worry arises that most ordinary counterfactuals are false. This paper examines David Lewis' strategy for rescuing such counterfactuals, and argues that it is highly problematic.


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The peculiar clinical features and the pathogenic mechanism related to calpain‐3 deficiency (impaired sarcomere remodelling) suggest that the ubiquitin‐proteasome degradation pathway may have a crucial role in Limb Girdle Muscular Dystrophy 2A (LGMD2A). We therefore investigated muscle atrophy and the role of the ubiquitin‐proteasome and lysosomal‐autophagic degradation pathways.


[Objective] The study aimed to establish a more reasonable and perfect tissue culture system of Aloe vera,which provided the basis for the large-scale rape production of A.vera tissue culture seedlings.[Method] With the leaf,shoot apical and root of Aloe arborescens Mill and Aloe vera L.as the explants,they were inoculated on the MS and N6 mediums with different hormone matching to made for the tissue culture and the effects of different mediums on the tissue culture of A.vera was studied.[Result] In the induced process of adventitious bud,the shoot apical induced on the medium of MS+6-BA 3.0 mg/L+NAA 0.2 mg/L got the highest bud induction rate.In the induced rooting process,with 1/2MS as the basic medium,when NAA was 0.2-0.3 mg/L,the adventitious bud of A.vera got better rooting effect.[Conclusion] The effect of tissue culture of A.vera suffered the double restriction of genetic type and the external culture conditions.


As FDA this year reviewed a new drug application for phenylephrine hydrochloride injection, agency personnel were in a quandary. Should the agency approve a decadesold substance that has a pharmacologic effect but for which there is no firm evidence of a clinical benefit?

A group of advisers on


The high demand for new and improved aerodynamic drag reduction devices has led to the invention of flow control mechanisms and continuous suction is a promising strategy that does not have major impact on vehicle geometry. The implementation of this technique on sport utility vehicles (SUV) requires adequate choice of the size and location of the opening as well as the magnitude of the boundary suction velocity. In this paper we introduce a new methodology to identifying these parameters for maximum reduction in aerodynamic drag. The technique combines automatic modeling of the suction slit, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and a global search method using orthogonal arrays. It is shown that a properly designed suction mechanism can reduce drag by up to 9%..


On the basis of the characteristics of knowledge supply chain (KSC) operation, this paper analyzed the circulation process of knowledge connoted, and constructed a description structural model of KSC on the basis of knowledge value realization. from the aspects of knowledge diffusion, information increment and knowledge innovation, explored the optimization process of the flow, transmission, diffusion, and utility optimization of science & technology (S&T) information in the context of KSC.


Disclosed is a synthetic zeolite by means of which gas streams containing steam and carbon dioxide as impurities can be purified. The zeolitic adsorbing agent is a 13X type or LSX type faujasite or a mixture of both types that are deformed with a binder, at least some parts of which are highly dispersed. Said novel adsorption system allows extraordinarily high adsorption capacities to be obtained while keeping the mass transfer zones short, resulting in a longer service life of the adsorption systems before carbon dioxide is able to break through.


We present measurements of hadronic resonance, strange and multi-strange particle production in collisions of Xe-Xe and Pb-Pb at the center-of-mass energies of √ sNN = 5.44 and 5.02 TeV, respectively, by the ALICE collaboration at the LHC. Particle ratios are presented as a function of multiplicity for K0 s , Λ, Ξ −, Ξ̄, Ω−, Ω̄, ρ(770)0, K∗(892)0, φ(1020) and Λ(1520). Our results are discussed and compared with predictions of QCD-inspired event generators. Additionally, comparisons with lower energy measurements and smaller systems are also presented.


A brief synopsis of Idea Generation and the Quality of the Best Idea (INSEAD Business School Research Paper No. 2008/02/TOM, January 2008) by Karan Girotra, Christian Terwiesch and Karl T. Ulrich


The structural style and working principle of the external floating roof tank's automatic breather valve were briefly introduced.Fixed the analogical standard of the oil vapour space between the factory end and the floating plate when it was unrisen.The volume of the roof tank decides the heat affecting volume calculate the tank throughtout and the breathing area of the breather valve.According to the fluid steady flow mathematical equation,deduced the height computing formula of petroleum production flowing into the automatic breather valve.Definite the design height that the valve handle must possess when the breathing area was given.And then analyze the oil spill reasons of the established oil tanks,which may be caused by the lacking of breathing area or the design height of valve handle,and the problems must pay attention to in future design.


The paper reviews information from several sources on atmospheric gusts at altitudes below 1000 feet. Comparison is made between gust statistics obtained from passenger transport aircraft and those acquired during special investigations. The information gives reliable average figures for passenger transport operations but, owing to the wide variation of gust frequencies under different conditions, it is concluded that for military aircraft flying at low level, a more detailed knowledge of operating conditions is necessary for reliable estimates of gust frequencies to be made.


Long-distance transboundary dispersal of African wild dogs among protected areas in southern Africa Harriet T. Davies-Mostert*, Jan F. Kamler, Michael G. L.Mills, CraigR. Jackson, Gregory S.A. Rasmussen, Rosemary J. Groom and David W. Macdonald Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, Recanati-Kaplan Centre, Department of Zoology, Oxford University, Tubney House, Abingdon Road, Tubney, Abingdon, OX13 5QL, U.K., Endangered Wildlife Trust, Private Bag X11, Modderfontain, 1645, Gauteng, South Africa, Tony and Lisette Lewis Foundation, Private Bag X5890, Upington, 8800, South Africa, Mammal Research Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Realfagbygget, 7491, Trondheim, Norway, Painted Dog Research, Natural History Museum, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe and African Wildlife Conservation Fund, 10564 NW 57th Street, Doral, FL 33178, U.S.A.


In the light the influence of excessive metal dusts and floccules on the converter, this paper analyzes on the requirements of the common converter for the application environment and dustproof control cabinet, and advances some suggestions on improving the application and maintenance of the converter.


Nitrogen source is very important in the production of the bioethanol. Starchy materials such as sago 'hampas' which can be found abundantly in Malaysia is one of the suitable sources for the production of bioethanol. The main focus of this study is to find out which type of nitrogen sources is the best for the fennentation of bioethanol. Previous studies showed that the best nitrogen source is the yeast extract. However, yeast extracts are expensive and this research also focus on to find which nitrogen sources are cheaper to replace yeast extract and also may decrease the production cost. Four types of nitrogen sources were used namely peptone, ammonium sulphate, yeast extract and urea. The effect of these different sources of nitrogen in the production ofbioethanol were evaluated in this study. Sago 'hampas' was treated with the Liquozyme and Spirizyme for the saccharification of starch and undergo three cycles of enzymatic hydrolysis in order to get sago 'hampas' hydrolysate (SHH). Two replicates were prepared for each type of nitrogen sources. The SHH were fermented by yeast or Saccharomyces cerevisiae in 250 mL of Erlenmeyer flask with 100 mL of media and batch fermentation will be used in this study. From this study SHH were able to provide glucose needed during fermentation in the production of bioethanol. Urea, peptone and ammonium sulfate can replaced the yeast extract as the sources ofnitrogen in fermentation.


The aim of this study was to observe the antioxidant effect of hydrolysates derived from bighead carp protein (HBCP). The effect was observed through the life span experiment of D. melanogaster and was evaluated by antioxidant indexes of D-galactose (D-gal) induced senile mice. The mean and maximum life span of D. melanogaster with HBCP supplement in nutritional medium was compared to that of control group, which were fed without any addition. The senile mice were induced by celiac injection of D-gal for six week. Experiment groups received HBCP at different dosages (3 g/kg, 1.5 g/kg and 0.5 g/kg) by intragastric administration, while the aged group received saline every day. Contents of malonadehide (MDA), activities of superoxide dimutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were determined. The results showed that the addition of HBCP in feedstuff could increase the mean and maximum life span of D. melanogaster. Compared to the D-gal induced senile group, contents of liver and brain MDA in mice which received HBCP (3 g/kg and 1.5 g/kg) by intragastric administration were significantly decreased (p<0.01), while the activities of the antioxidative enzyme were increased. This result indicated that HBCP had an antioxidant effect for D-gal induced senile mice and can extend the life span of D. melanogaster.


Universal #1926 (originally 1932) from Plank and Filimonova's Universals Archive states that diminutives are characterized in high front vowels and augmentatives in high back vowels (ibid.) Ultan (1978) and Niewenhuis (1985) have extended this observation by the claim that palatal and post-alveolar consonants prevail in diminutives and back consonants are characterized for augmentatives. The cited Universal and the authors indicate that the formal expression of diminutive and augmentative meaning in languages is to a large extent influenced by sound symbolism. However, none of the research in this field (e.g. Bauer, 1996; Štekauer et. al., 2009; Gregová et. al., 2010; Körtvélyessy, 2011) has proved the mentioned universal tendencies. On the other hand, the thorough analysis of evaluative markers in a number of various languages has revealed that diminutive affixes may cause (mor)phonological changes in word stems which are not the part of evaluative morphology. For example, in Russian, the process of palatalization changes the consonant before the diminutive affix, e.g. ptic-a (a bird) > DIM ptič-k-a (a little bird). Consequently, the aim of this paper is to analyse the changes in the word stems of diminutives and augmentatives as the result of neutralization and alternation processes triggered by evaluative morphemes in the sample of languages from Indo-European, Austronesian and Niger-Congo language families.


Englislh plantain is a long-day plant developing flowers when exposed to 15 or more long days or to 9 or more days of continuous illumination. Plants have been kept for over 14 months in the vegetative condition by continuous exposure to short-day conditions. Plantain will develop flowers when exposed to 25 long days even though this treatment is not continuous but is interrupted by 10 or 20 consecutive short days. The changes which occur during "partial" photoperiodic induction apparently persist during relatively long periods of exposure to light and dark periods whose lengths are not favorable for flowering. Plantain exposed to photoperiodic cycles (other than of 24 hr. duration) flowered when exposed to cycles consisting of short light (14 hr. or less) and short dark periods (10 hr. or less), long light and short dark periods, and long light and long dark periods; but remained vegetative when exposed to cycles consisting of short light and long dark periods. It is suggested that in the development of floral structures of this long-day plant, there may be two reactions which occur during exposure to light. The first reaction is unstable and is destroyed during darkness, while the second is relatively permanent and when established will persist during long periods unfavorable to the stimulation of flowering. It is further suggested that the second reaction occurs after the primarv reaction has reached a "threshold" value, and upon reaching sufficient intensity results in floral development.


In the present study, effects of drop size and impinging velocity on penetration into a porous medium were experimentally investigated. Melamine foam with 99 % of porosity and 7.568 × 10?¹?㎡ of permeability was used as porous medium. The range of impinging velocity and drop size were 0.74 - 1.36 ㎧ and 1.9 - 3.0 ㎜, respectively. Penetration velocity was increased as drop size became smaller while little affected by the impinging velocity. As maximum surface wetted area became smaller, penetration velocity increased and ratio between diameter of the surface wetted area and drop diameter approached 4 regardless of drop size.


Aim To explore the effect of blocking L-type voltage-gated Ca~(2+) channel (L-VGCC) on the neurogenesis in adult mouse dentate gyrus after focal cerebral ischemia. Methods Adult male C57/BL/6 mice were subjected to 90 min of MCAO, or sham surgery in three consecutive experiments. ①The animals were killed at 48 h after MCAO, the effect of nimodipine on infarct volume was obversed by TTC staining;②The animals received intraperitoneal injection of BrdU during 5~7 days after 90 min MCAO or sham surgery, and were killed 24 h after the last BrdU injection, the effect of nimidipine on cerebral ischemia-induced cell proliferation and whether the cell proliferation is dependent on the occurrence of cell death in dentate gyrus were determined by immunohistochemistry and Fluoro-Jade staining.③The animals received BrdU as mentioned above and were killed 4 wks after the last BrdU injection, the effect of nimodipine on the phenotypes of BrdU-labeled cells after cerebral ischemia was examined by double immunofluorescence.Results Mice subjected to 90 min of MCAO significantly increased the number of new neurons in the dentate gyrus, which was independent on the occurrence of cell death in dentate gyrus. Blockade of L-type voltage-gated Ca~(2+) channel by nimodipine prevented the neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus after cerebral ischemia.Conclusion This study suggest that Ca~(2+) influx through L-VGCC directly increased ischemia-induced neurogenesis in the adult DG.


Problems that had been taken into consideration in this study is the Human Resource Management in Construction project. Construction uses more manpower in its business activities compared to the other fields, but its human resource management is still inadequate and insufficient attention. The problems concerning human resource management in construction project need to be identified and the methods to improve them need to be formulated and implemented for the success of construction project. In this study, the methodology used is by questionnaire survey and further discussed in the case study done in a construction site in Kuala Lumpur. The questionnaires were distributed to contractor's companies all over Malaysia and the feedbacks obtained will be used for the case study for further clarification. The results of the study had shown that there are awareness among the contractors in Malaysia about the importance of human resource management on the success of construction project. The problems of human resource management in construction project had been identified and the methods for the improvement of it had been discovered based on the survey and the case study done.


We assess the prospect of using ring seismology to probe the interiors of the ice giants Uranus and Neptune. We do this by calculating normal-mode spectra for different interior models of Uranus and Neptune using the stellar oscillation code GYRE. These spectra provide predictions of where in these planets' ring systems the effects of interior oscillations might be detected. We find that f-mode resonances with azimuthal order m = 2 or 7 ≤ m ≤ 19 fall among the inner rings (6, 5, 4, α, and β) of Uranus, while f-mode resonances with 2 ≤ m ≤ 12 fall in the tenuous ζ ring region. In addition, f-mode resonances with m = 2 or 6 ≤ m ≤ 13 may give azimuthal structure to Neptune's tenuous Galle ring. We also find that g-mode resonances may fall in the middle to outer rings of these planets. Although an orbiter is most likely required to confirm the association between any waves in the rings and planetary normal modes, the diversity of normal-mode spectra implies that identification of just one or two modes in the rings of Uranus or Neptune would eliminate a variety of interior models and thus aid in the interpretation of Voyager observations and future spacecraft measurements.


RésuméL'objet de cet article est de caractériser une pratique d'enseignement des mathématiques que nous nommons cours dialogué, observée dans des classes ordinaires à la fin du collège en France (élèves de 13 à 15 ans) et que nous pensons plus largement utilisée. Pour cela, différentes composantes du contrat didactique sont utilisées en association avec une étude des interactions didactiques observées dans la classe. La méthode d'étude et les composantes du contrat didactique ainsi que les variables des interactions utilisées sont présentées dans les paragraphes 2 et 3 de l'article. Ensuite, ces outils sont utilisés pour analyser une séquence sur la proportionnalité, ce qui permet de dégager les caractéristiques du cours dialogué, notamment en termes de contrat didactique et de fonctions des interactions, par comparaison avec d'autres types d'enseignement mieux connus, la transmission directe du savoir et la transmission du savoir par des situations.AbstractThis article, which is generally concerned with analysing mathematics teaching practices in regular classes, focuses on qualitatively characterizing the cours dialogué, in which there are numerous teacher-student interactions at all times throughout course and in which the teacher uses an exercise to achieve his or her educational objective. This practice constitutes an intermediate form, one among others no doubt, between the direct transmission of knowledge (i.e., in which the teacher presents knowledge) and the transmission of knowledge through situations, in which student-situation interactions allow knowledge to emerge because there is no genuine devolution of a given problem and the teacher favours a guided, group, problem-solving process (the only time, actually when the "knowledge-to-be-learned" will be indicated by the teacher). This work of characterization, which takes as its basis an excerpt from a course on teaching proportionality to teenagers, ages 13 to 15, rests on an analysis of how the teacher directs the progress of his or her educational project as contingencies crop up, and of how knowledge develops in the classroom.So as to conduct a close, qualitative study of this practice, I chose to approach the study from the perspective of classroom interactions, proceeding by a succession of zooms: The first such zoom consists of a segmentation of the teaching that is performed in relation to a given concept—proportionality— according to different timescales, which correspond, respectively, to class-objective units (sequence), teacher and student activity (phase), and interaction object (episode). To begin with, this segmentation makes it possible to choose, from among different sequences (as a function of the lag occurring between the initial project and its realization), those sequences which seemed more representative of the way in which the teacher directed the progress of his or her project in the face of contingencies; thereafter, it could be used for performing analyses at different levels. Specifically, a close analysis could, at that point, be carried out at the level of interactions, in consideration of the context of their unfolding.The characteristics of the cours dialogué are brought out by making a combined use of the concepts of environment and didactic contract found in situational theory, in association with the didactic function and the mode of interactions. When possible in an a priori analysis of the situation (based on exercises chosen by the teacher and the educational objective he or she has set), consideration is accorded to the a-didactic potentialities of the situation—that is, the possibilities for autonomous work by the student and situation-related feedback. However, these potentialities are sometimes limited, and it can be difficult to reconstruct an environment that corresponds to an a-didactic situation—which explains the recourse to a didactic contract, a component of all types of teaching that, just so, varies according to the type of teaching. To satisfy the requirements of analysis, different components of the didactic contract are specified from previous research on this contract, with a double "layering" of the didactic contract being employed. The first, qualitative, layering corresponds to the components of the contract related to knowledge (the field of mathematics to which the concept belongs, and the didactic status of knowledge) and to the situation (a-didactic potentialities and the apportioning of responsibilities among the teacher and students in relation to production and validation during the unfolding of the situation). The second layering characterizes what happens in the classroom along different time scales (teaching of a concept, sequence, phase, and episode) and constitutes what will be called a structuration of the didactic contract. As these different variables'do not offer enough with which to characterize a practice in fixed terms, the analysis is rounded off by studying interactions, in particular, by bringing out the didactic function of interactions—that is, their role in moving the professor's project forward—and their mode—that is, the way in which the function of that interaction is accomplished. The didactic function and the mode of interactions are analysed in reference to the process of devolution and institutionalization that underlie most interactions.In the present article, this method of study, used more widely elsewhere (Hersant, 2001) is applied to an example that is developed in detail. It serves to bring out the characteristics of the cours dialogué in terms of: the way in which the teacher uses the initial situation; the use he or she makes of student interventions in order to move the project forward; the portion of responsibility he or she leaves to students— or some students—according to the didactic status of the knowledge; and the way in which he or she directs—in terms of time and style—the institutionalization of knowledge. By relocating these features in relation to the structuration of the didactic contract, and by comparing them with other, better-known types of teaching—for example, the direct transmission of knowledge; the transmission of knowledge through situations—the contract elements that are characteristic of the cours dialogué are brought to the fore.At the end of the article, the reader will find a glossary of the main situational theory terms used in it.


In his seminal paper on the prospect of an agricultural revolution in South Africa, Peter Wickins chose to define the concept strictly in terms of changes in agricultural technique and improvement in output. While acknowledging "agrarian change" in relation to land ownership, he chose to remain clear of the ideological pitfalls that a wider definition brings to the subject. In this way he was able to skirt an analysis of the thorny issue of the Land Acts and the socioeconomic pressures these measures have exerted on tenure, output, and technique in different areas of the country, and the macroeconomic implications arising therefrom. For Wickins the agricultural revolution commenced after 1945, and particularly after 1965, with the remarkable growth in gross capital formation.


The variation of magnetization with temperature for amorphous ferro- and ferrimagnets is discussed by using a molecular field model, taking into account exactly the structure fluctuations which could exist in amorphous materials.


Flooding is one of the major abiotic stresses constraining rice production in over 20 million hectares of rainfed lowlands in Asia and large areas in Africa, and its effects are foreseen to worsen progressively with climate change. The hydrological conditions of flood-affected areas are unpredictable, causing low and unstable productivity and leading to concomitant poverty and food insecurity in these heavily populated areas. Flooding at any stage can severely damage the rice crop because modern varieties are extremely sensitive. Early floods can lead to poor crop establishment, especially in areas where direct seeding is practiced. During vegetative stage, even partial floods can be devastating if they persist for longer duration, as in stagnant flood (medium deep, 25-50 cm for most of the season) and deepwater areas (50 cm to over few meters); where only traditional varieties are currently being grown but have low yields. Transient complete submergence during vegetative stage causes high mortality and large yield losses. Breeding varieties tolerant of these different types of floods is therefore, considered of an utmost priority for enhancing productivity in flood affected areas. Significant progress was made towards this objective as briefly outlined below.


In a large portion of West Africa, rice is the staple. Demand has risen at about 5 percent annually since 1970 among various populations and across income groups. The average small farmer grows rice on half of his or her 2 to 3 hectares of land to feed 13 to 15 family members. With rice yields decreasing and demand increasing, however, there is a chronic shortage. Annual imports currently exceed $1 billion for the region. New technologies in rice based cropping systems are yielding 25 to 250 percent production gains. These new improved varieties promise to increase land and labor productivity of rice producers in the sub-region in a dramatic and sustainable way. West Africa Rice Development Association (WARDA) used molecular biology to overcome sterility, the main problem in crossing the species, and to speed the breeding process. With conventional breeding, the progeny provide large numbers of different plant types. Without biotechnological interventions, it takes five to seven generations to isolate and purify, and select a line with the desired combination of genetic traits.


A new laser-based ultrasonic receiver that is based on multi-channel interferometry is shown to be well suited for robust and sensitive detection of ultrasound in industrial environment. The proposed architecture combines random-quadrature detection with detector arrays and parallel multi-speckle processing. The high sensitivity is reached, thanks to the random phase distribution of laser speckle caused by surface roughness. High-density parallel signal processing is achieved by using a simple demodulation technique based on signal rectification. This simple detection scheme is also demonstrated for rejection of the laser intensity noise, making possible the use of lower cost laser without reduction in performances. Results demonstrating this new principle of operation and its performances are presented.


research engineering education focus on the role of self-efficacy, belonging, and other non-cognitive aspects of the student experience on engagement, success, and persistence and on effective methods for teaching global issues such as those pertaining to sustainability. Abstract In the context of Tinto's Model of Institutional Departure, faculty support is critical to academic integration, which in turn is an essential element of persistence in college. Thus, understanding students' perceptions of faculty support in varied settings can provide insight into student satisfaction, performance, and persistence in engineering programs. In this study, focus groups were conducted with 175 students from five different institutions and a variety of engineering and computer science majors. The institutions in this study included a small women's college, a historically black university, a small private university, a medium size teaching university, and a large public research university. Focus group transcripts were coded and analyzed qualitatively. Findings from this analysis show that in some settings, despite a perceived lack of formal, in-class faculty support, students are still able to find faculty support outside the classroom, while in other settings this informal support is also perceived as lacking. In general, smaller environments with smaller student-to-faculty ratios appear to support stronger perceptions of support, although through different pathways. A small class size does not guarantee that students will perceive greater faculty support in that class. Large class sizes are not automatically detrimental for students, but they can be if students in those classes feel a lack of faculty support or availability both in and out of the classroom. With regard to institution type, the notion that undergraduates perceive lower levels of faculty support at research institutions holds true. This study has not verified whether the level of faculty support is actually less at research institutions, but only that students' self-reported perceptions of that support were lower at the research-focused institution when compared to teaching-focused institutions in this study. Regardless, given the importance of faculty support in persistence and other academic outcomes, this study suggests that greater attention to the ways in which faculty support students may be in order, particularly at research institutions and other large educational settings.


In many optimal control problems in economics the planning horizon is assumed to be of infinite length. This means that the person who solves such an optimal control problem is choosing the time path of the control variables for eternity at the initial date of the planning horizon. At first glance the infinite horizon assumption may seem to be an arbitrary and extreme one, but in fact it is often less extreme than it first appears. For example, it is often just as arbitrary and extreme to assume that a firm would stop planning at some finite date in the future. This issue is especially pertinent if one takes the view of a planner making decisions for an entire economy. Thus the infinite horizon assumption is no more or less extreme, in general, than is the assumption of a finite planning horizon. In the end, the choice of the horizon length should be made based on the appropriateness of the assumption for the economic question under consideration as well as the qualitative implications it implies, and their consistency with observed behavior. It is also important to point out that infinite horizon control problems have certain properties that help to considerably simplify the analysis of them which can render an otherwise intractable problem tractable, as this chapter and several others will demonstrate. On the other hand, infinite horizon control problems present two bodacious difficulties of their own. One difficulty that rears its head for infinite planning horizon problems is whether the objective functional even exists, since it is now an improper integral rather than a proper one. That is, we now have to be more concerned with whether the improper integral converges for all admissible pairs, since our basic assumptions on the functions f () ◊ , g() ◊ , and h() ◊ are no longer sufficient to guarantee that it does. For example, what should our optimality criterion be when the objective functional diverges for some of the admissible pairs? Said differently, how do we select the optimal pair when one or several of the admissible pairs lead to the improper integral diverging to + • ? Probing the convergence issue of the objective functional and thus the choice of optimality criteria will take us into somewhat deep mathematical territory which we wish to avoid. Our adversity to probing this issue is due to our focus on the most common …


Background and Aims: Intense bleeding during general anaesthesia (GA) is the major limitation during functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS). This study was aimed to compare the efficacy of dexmedetomidine and magnesium sulphate (MgSO4)for controlled hypotension in FESS. Methods: Sixty eight patients undergoing FESS were randomised to receive either dexmedetomidine 1 μg/kg over 10 min followed by infusion at 0.2 to 0.7 μg/kg/h (Group D) or MgSO440 mg/kg over 10 min followed by an infusion at 10 to 15 mg/kg/h (Group M). Anaesthesia and infusion rates for study drugs were maintained with sevoflurane to keep MAP between 60–70 mmHg throughout the surgery. The time to reach the target MAP, the number of patients requiring a minimum and maximum infusion doses of study drugs were noted. Results: The mean time to achieve target mean arterial pressure (MAP) was less in group D (10.59 ± 2.04) as compared with (21.32 ± 4.65 min) group M (P < 0.001). The target MAP was achieved between 5–15 min in 73.52% patients (Group D) with an infusion dose of 0.2–0.4 μg/kg/h of dexmedetomidine without the use of sevoflurane, while 82.35% patients in group M required 4% sevoflurane along with >12–15 mg/kg/hr infusion of MgSO4to achieve target MAP in 10–20 min. Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine is superior to MgSO4in achieving target MAP in lesser time with minimum infusion dose.


This report analyzes the amount of individual income tax revenue collected by the federal and state governments and the characteristics of the states' tax policies that determine the magnitude of their revenue collections.


In this article I propose an approach to the notion of justice in the thought of Jacques Derrida through the exposition of the aporia of decision-making. In order to do so, I will use The gift of death as a guide. I intend to demonstrate that the exposition of the self to the other, which demands taking the incalculable into account, is presupposed
in the aforementioned aporia. If what is at stake resides in a problematization of the subjectivity in terms of the decision and the responsibility that is required of it, it would be necessary to rethink classical notions such as autonomy and heteronomy. Justice must be examined, as a result of a movement that incorporates both notions and that is at the same time born from the other. In other words, before justice may be conceived of under a calculus and a rule, it it should have to take the incalculable into account.


The invention discloses a core storage exchange platform system for mass storage system which comprises exchange frame, bridge and a plurality of FC wire-card and iSCSI wire-card, The FC wire-card and iSCSI wire-card are connected through bridge and exchange frame; wherein, the exchange frame is for storage partition and storage exchange, the bridge is for realizing exchanging frame and stream managing of protocol bridge between the FC wire-card and the iSCSI wire-card. The invention can realize storage exchanges between FC and FC, FC and iSCSI, iSCSI and merge FC-SAN and IP-SAN with high efficiency, improve the exchange performance of SAN and realize the function of VSAN. The inventive core storage exchange platform can connect with present disk array, iSCSI, magnetic tape and other storage device, and IP exchange, FC exchange storage devices to construct a large-scale network storage system of great performance and easy extension.


In this study, we developed instant drink powderof lotus root water using steviolglycoside as a non-nutritive sweetener at different concentrations (0.01, 0.03 and 0.05% w/v) and flavor (Chrysanthemum, Pandan leaves and Roselle) addition on color, pH, %TA, TSS and organoleptic quality properties. The additional of steviolgly coside did not show any effects on physicochemical properties. Results show that 0.03% steviol glycoside and Pandan leaves addition exhibited the highest score of sensorial features significantly. Moreover, this formula was made as foam-mat dried to obtain lotus root supplemented with probiotics powders. The effects of composition ratio of methylcellulose: egg albumin (1:1, 1:2, 1.5:1 and 1.5:2) on the lotus root foam properties were investigated. It was observed that increase in the concentration of methylcellulose decreased foam stability and foam density. Foams were prepared from Lactobacillus plantarum M29 and Peddiococcus pentosaceus MG12 with lotus root water by adding the different concentrations of foaming agents at a whipping time of 15 min. The composition ratio of methylcellulose:egg albumin (1.5:1) provided preferable foam characteristics. The greatest resulting foams were dried at 60°C for 3 h. The lotus root with probiotics instant drink was able to possess the antioxidant activity and viable probiotics count (more than 7 log CFU/g) during storage at both refrigeration and room temperature for a month. CONTACT Palida Tanganurat firstname.lastname@example.com Department of Food Science and Technology, Rajamangala Technology University of Thanyaburi, Pathum Thani, Thailand. © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Enviro Research Publishers. This is an Open Access article licensed under a Creative Commons license: Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY). Doi: 10.12944/CRNFSJ.9.1.27 Article History Received: 03 February 2020 Accepted: 13 January 2021


Dedication Acknowledgements List of Illustrations, Tables and Abbreviations Introduction Chapter One: Nineteenth-Century Legacies: Literature, Language and the Imagining of the St. Lawrence Irish Chapter Two: A Fruitful Conversation Between Disciplines Chapter Three: Pabbays and Paibles: Pap-Names and Gaelic and Old Norse Speakers in Scotland's Hebridean Islands Chapter Four: Seljaland, Vestur-Eyjafjallahreppur, Iceland Chapter Five: Dating the Cave Chapter Six: Three Dimensions of Environmental Change Chapter Seven: The Crosses of a Desert Place? To Conclude References


An analysis of variance (ANOVA) study was performed to quantify the potential uncertainties of lift and pitching moment coefficient calculations from a computational fluid dynamics code, relative to an experiment, for a jet flap airfoil configuration. Uncertainties due to a number of factors including grid density, angle of attack and jet flap blowing coefficient were examined. The ANOVA software produced a numerical model of the input coefficient data, as functions of the selected factors, to a user-specified order (linear, 2-factor interference, quadratic, or cubic). Residuals between the model and actual data were also produced at each of the input conditions, and uncertainty confidence intervals (in the form of Least Significant Differences or LSD) for experimental, computational, and combined experimental / computational data sets were computed. The LSD bars indicate the smallest resolvable differences in the functional values (lift or pitching moment coefficient) attributable solely to changes in independent variable, given just the input data points from selected data sets. The software also provided a collection of diagnostics which evaluate the suitability of the input data set for use within the ANOVA process, and which examine the behavior of the resultant data, possibly suggesting transformations which should be applied to the data to reduce the LSD. The results illustrate some of the key features of, and results from, the uncertainty analysis studies, including the use of both numerical (continuous) and categorical (discrete) factors, the effects of the number and range of the input data points, and the effects of the number of factors considered simultaneously.


There are three things required for evapotranspiration to occur: (1) energy (580 cal/gm) for the change of phase of the water; (2) a source of the water, i.e., adequate soil moisture in the surface layer or in the root zone of the plant; and (3) a sink for the water, i.e., a moisture deficit in the air above the ground. Remote sensing can contribute information to the first two of these conditions by providing estimates of solar insolation, surface albedo, surface temperature, vegetation cover, and soil moisture content. In addition there have been attempts to estimate precipitation and shelter air temperature from remotely sensed data. The problem remains to develop methods for effectively using these sources of information to make large area estimates of evapotranspiration.


Organoleptic observations of quick, slow and block frozen, glazed and stored fish were recorded at regular intervals. Glazing was renewed at intervals of four weeks. Development of yellow discolouration in the case of white pomfret was followed. Keeping quality of glazed fish was better than unglazed frozen fish. Yellow discolouration could be controlled by ascorbic acid for 42 months and by a mixture of sodium chloride and glucose for 52 months.


The main theme of this paper is to present the laboratory course design for magnetic components learning and hands-on. These magnetic components which are widely used in power conversion applications include inductor, drive transformer, and transformer with and without center-tapped windings for power conversion. The designed course is based upon modular concept and these modules include forward converter module for inductor and transformer with center-tapped winding, flyback converter module for transformer with air-gap acting as inductor and transformer, push-pull converter module for transformer with center-tapped winding and full-bridge converter module for drive transformer. The specifications for all modules are the same and the designed modular course has been applied to R and D Master Program sponsored by the industry. As acknowledged by the students, the designed modular course provides practical training and covers the wide range of magnetic components in power conversion applications.


Preface A Theory of Picaresque Narrative The Picaresque Genre The Picaresque Genre in Literary Scholarship The Picaresque Mode The Nature of Picaresque Narrative Basic Studies in Picaresque Narrative/Works Cited A Guide to Basic Picaresque Fictions Introduction Chronology of Basic Picaresques Bibliography Index


The preparation of the following compounds is described: [CuL2][ClO4][L = bis(diphenylphosphinothioyl)methane (bdtm), bis(diphenylphosphinothioyl)ethane (bdte),or bis(diphenyIphosphinoselenoyl)methane (bdsm)], [CuLX]a[L = bdtm, bdte, bdtm, or tetramethyldiphosphine disulphide (tmdpds); n= 1 or 2], and [Cu(bdtm)Cl2](where spectroscopic evidence suggests a distorted tetrahedral arrangement of ligands). Similar species [CuL2Cl2](L = Me2PhPS or MePh2PS, L2= bdte or tmdpds) are detected in solution and have the same tetrahedral stereochemistry. Related complexes of AgI, HgII, ZnII, PtII, and PdIIare reported. Crystals of [Cu(bdtm)Cl]·Me2CO are orthorhombic, space group Pna21with a= 17.185(2), b= 13.640(3), c= 12.058(1)A, Z= 4. The structure was determined by the heavy-atom method and refined by least-squares methods to R 0.052 for 2 876 reflections measured by diffractometer. The molecule is a three-co-ordinate monomer with the occluded acetone filling a void.


A memory module (1) is provided comprising a plurality of memory chips (4) for storing data and a plurality of terminals (8) to send control signals and data to the memory chips (4) and to receive data from the memory chip (4) and to pass includes. In this case, the memory chips (4) across the terminals (8) are also energized. The memory chips (4) are arranged in one or more stacks (9). Furthermore it has the memory device (1) a separate housing (17) and in particular has the functionality of a commercially available memory module, z. As a DIMM on. In addition, a storage module (21) is provided which on a small printed circuit board (12) comprises at least one memory device according to the invention (1) and a controller (10) therefor. Finally, a manufacturing method for manufacturing a memory device according to the invention (1) will be described.


The Gd5Sn4 alloy was prepared by argon arc melting followed by homogenization annealing. By means of X-ray diffraction pattern and SQUID magnetometer, the effects of heat treatment on the structure and magnetic properties of Gd5Sn4 alloy were investigated. The results sho that, the uniformity of the Gd5Sn4 alloy was improved greatly after annealing at 1300℃ for 2h, and the Gd5Sn4 major phase increased from 85.39% in as-cast to 98.47% (molar percentage ratio) in annealed sample. The Curie temperature Tc of Gd5Sn4 alloy decreases from ~82K for as-cast sample to ~80K for annealed sample. It was also found that the ho- mogenization heat treatment has relatively large influence on the magneticaloric effect. The maximum mag- netic entropy change(-ΔSM) max in a low field of ΔH=20 kOe increases from 21.5 J/kgK to 24.65 J/kgK after heat treatment.


Summary. Measurements of water use, growth and yield of wheat were made in a dry year following 3 methods of long fallow: chemical (CH) (no tillage), blade plough (CB) (subsurface tillage), and a fully tilled fallow (CT) following burning of stubble residues (the popular method). Crops in each fallow method were fertilised with and without nitrogen. All fallow systems produced relatively high yields in the range 2.7–3.8 t/ha, despite less than average rainfall over the 18-month fallow period (539 mm) and a significant dry period extending from before anthesis until maturity. CH fallow, however, accumulated 83 mm more water than CT fallow by sowing time and produced 0.74 t/ha additional yield. This can be attributed to increased water use through greater leaf area index duration during grain filling. The application of nitrogen fertiliser had no effect on the yield of the stubble-retained crops (CH and CB). However following nitrogen application, 1 t/ha less yield was produced under CT fallow than under CH fallow. There were marginal advantages in growth and biomass partitioning from applied nitrogen with increased leaf area index during the early stages of growth. At sowing there was a significant accumulation of mineral nitrogen below 120 cm as a result of a 6-year history of fertiliser application under the chemical fallow. This, however, disappeared by anthesis with a greater nitrogen use. In dry years, that are not catastrophic, fallow with stubble retention and zero tillage (CH) offers some insurance against low yield. This was achieved through improved water availability (320 v. 240 mm in CT) which also may reduce the risk of yield loss through haying off by overdosing with nitrogenous fertilisers when levels of soil mineral nitrogen at sowing are high (200 kg nitrogen/ha).


─ The analysis on nonlinear dynamics of a rotor-AMB system is conducted in this paper. The nonlinearity of electromagnetic force and current saturation effect are taken into account. The nonlinear model of the rotor-AMB system is built and the nonlinear dynamic behaviors of the system in both resonance region and non-resonance region are investigated through numerical integration method. This paper shows that the rotor-AMB system can exhibit some complicated nonlinear dynamic behaviors, such as soft spring characteristic of the amplitude-frequency response curve, the jump phenomenon, and pitchfork bifurcation. And the effects of exciting force and current saturation on these nonlinear dynamic behaviors of the system are discussed. Index Terms ─ Current saturation, nonlinear analysis, numerical integration, pitchfork bifurcation.


One F5 soybean population was evaluated in Vicosa-MG, Brazil, during the 1997/98 growing season. The experimental design was of families without replications, inserted with controls, with replications, allowing the estimation of the environmental component associated to the phenotypic variance of the population under study, and consequently the genetic parameters. The evaluations at family and at individual within the family allowed to decompose the genotypic variance and to estimate the heritability on the narrow sense. The environmental effect correction was based on the replications of controls. The correction of the environment effect favored the selection of the families that originally showed performance a little inferior to the original selection truncation point, but were not favorable by the environmental, causing changes in the family groups selected through the simulation of the same selection strategies on the original and corrected data.


OF A THESIS Sllbmitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Mater of Arts at the Graduate school of Eastern Illinois UniTersit7 CHARLESTON, llLINOIS


Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is one of the leading prenatal causes of mental retardation and congenital deformities, world-wide. Its pathogenesis has generally been investigated using animal models. Human studies in vitro have been limited to neurospheres prepared using forebrain tissues from fetal abortuses. This approach is limited and does not permit analysis of individual specific cells. We generated iPS cells from adult human fibroblasts. iPS cells were differentiated into neurospheres, that were expanded as monolayer culture of neuroprogenitors (NPs). Furthermore, neurospheres were differentiated into neurons that could be stained for Tuj1, tyrosine hydroxylase and NR4A2. Functional competency was confirmed by live imaging of intracellular calcium. NPs and neurons were infected with HCMV (MOI = 3). Cell viability was assessed by FACS analysis.

Cytopathic effects of HCMV were observed on the 10th day post infection in neuroprogenitor cells. Earlier, the adherence of these cells to the matrix was reduced. Neurons were much more refractory. Reduced cell density and shortening of neuritic processes was only observed at day 15 after infection. We are presently examining the intracellular effects of HCMV. Human iPS cells can efficiently generate neurospheres, which can be expanded as almost pure cultures of neuroprogenitors or differentiated into neurons. iPS cells-derived NP and neurons offer powerful cellular models to investigate the effect of neurotropic viral agents on neurodevelopment.


In this paper we consider a Range Only (RO) SLAM problem for a unicycle like robot. The solution approach is based on a bearing reconstruction for each responding landmark obtained through a two dimensional EKF, which fuses odometry readings of the robot with the available range measurements to produce a range and bearing estimate of the considered landmark. These estimates, regarded as measurements with a proper covariance matrix, are used in an EKF SLAM algorithm. A resilient module is added to the algorithm to cope with the initial uncertainty characterizing the bearing estimates, but also to resist the effects of outliers and to detect possible abnormal situations. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed approach which appears robust to several kinds of disturbances and provides estimation errors comparable to the case the bearing is directly available from the sensor and the range measurements have the same variance.


Introduction. Ericksonian Hypnotic Demonstration: 1964. A Cognitive Contextual Theory and Classification of Milton H. Erickson's Hypnotherapeutic Techniques. A Multischema Model for Combining Ericksonian and Cognitive Therapy. Ironic Therapy: Utilizing Unconscious Conflict in Single?Session Hypnotherapy. Introduction to the Case: A Woman with Chronic Anxiety and Panic Attacks. The Session. Back to the Future: Creating a Different Life Story. Commentary on a Therapy with Joan. Case Commentary: A Woman with Chronic Anxiety and Panic Attacks. "Trance?formational" Moments in the Trance Work of a Session Conducted by Stephen R. Lankton. Trickster Coyote Meets the February Mother: A Commentary on Lankton's Case Transcript. The Healing Power of the Story. Comment on Therapy by Stephen Lankton, M.S.W.: Case of a Woman with Chronic Anxiety and Panic Attacks. Commentary on Lankton's Case. Reflections on Stephen Lankton's Work with Joan.


A 57 year old African American woman presented with a six-month history of progressively worsening right-sided frontal headaches, nasal obstruction with epistaxis, cough, and vision loss of the right eye. She was treated for presumed sinusitis with antibiotics, steroid spray, and a decongestant without relief.


Summary Ergotamine tartrate significantly inhibited movement of fat out of the epididymal fat body in adrenalectomized animals during a 12 hour fast. This effect was not observed in intact animals under similar circumstances. Neither hexamethonium chloride nor Dibenzyline affected fat mobilization in either intact or adrenalectomized animals. It is suggested that the adrenal steroids and the epinephrines may act together to regulate fat cell metabolism.


Phase relations in air at 1300°C were determined for the system MgO-Cr2O3−Fe2O3 by conventional quenching techniques. Details of the phase equilibria were established for: (1) the sesquioxide solid solution between Cr2O3 and Fe2O3, (2) the spinel solid solution field between MgCr2O4 and MgFe2O4, and (3) the periclase solid solution field for MgO. Selected tie lines connecting coexisting compositions were established with X-ray diffractometer data. Diffuse reflectance spectra, diffractometer intensity ratios, and lattice parameter measurements were obtained for quenched samples to study the structural inversion in the spinel series MgCr2O4-MgFe2O4.


Resonance Raman studies of simple peptides have provided a new view of the electronic excitations of these important chromophores. The large effect of isotropic substitution and of hydrogen bonding on resonance Raman spectra provide a new method for testing theoretical calculations. These calculations can be refined by direct comparison of theory with experiment and also used to evaluate the likelihood that further experiments will provide interesting new information. Our recent work has shown how fruitful this cyclic interaction can be. In this on going exploration we are developing experimental methods and testing theoretical descriptions of the electronic excitations of peptides and related ultraviolet chromophores of proteins in solution. The specific areas of interest are (1) examination of the effect of hydrogen bonding on the electronic excitation of peptides; (2) evaluation of the effects of fluctuations in solvation on the electronic excitations of peptides; and (3) studies of the n(pi) * and higher energy electronic excitations of peptides predicted by theory and potentially important in the description of circular dichroism.


Genetic modification has been a useful research tool to study overexpression and down-regulation of genes. Gene editing offers a much more targeted approach to make more subtle changes to genes already present within the plant. However, integration of Cas9 and guide RNA sequences into the genome can be disadvantageous causing offsite cleavage and/or continued cleavage of target sites in subsequent generations. Use of purified protein could overcome this issue and would also avoid reliance on the cell's expression machinery thus making effective promoters less essential. The use of purified proteins would also address regulatory issues as no recombinant DNA of any kind would have been involved in the process so resultant plants need not be classified as GMOs. Without the use of selectable markers, screening is likely to be challenging especially if efficiencies of editing with the RNP complex are not anticipated to be very high. However, with constantly improving sequencing methods, speed of data output and reducing costs, screening may become progressively more straightforward.
Attempts are therefore being made to utilise a pre-assembled ribonucleoprotein complex for gene editing in wheat and poplar. Initial experiments using purified gus protein have demonstrated that it is possible to deliver protein to cells using biolistics. Formation of an active ribonucleoprotein complex has been achieved in vitro using purified Cas9 enzyme and synthetic single guide RNAs. Both wheat and poplar are now being targeted with a pre-assembled RNP complex which is being delivered via gold particles and the BioRad PDS-1000/He particle gun.


There are educators, students and pupils in the education system either suffering from or carrying the AIDS virus. Aspects of the rights and duties as well as the protection of the AIDS carrier and those with whom he comes into contact, are discussed. Although there are legal provisions concerning particular aspects of AIDS and education, there are no clear guidelines for a viable, coherent, comprehensive, national education policy that takes into account and articulates the rights and duties of all concerned and provides for appropriate protection against the disease as well as possible liability. In the light of the serious legal and other implications, for instance for education authorities and educational managers if someone should become infected in a school or other educational institution, it is imperative that such a policy be formulated and implemented as soon as possible


Page i Abstract The aromatization of n-hexane was studied over H-ZSM-5 (SiO2/Al2O3 = 70 and %XRD crystallinity = 66%), Ga/H-ZSM-5, Zn/H-ZSM-5 and Mo/H-ZSM-5 catalysts prepared by the incipient impregnation method and calcined at 500 o C. The aromatization reactions were carried out at 500 o C. BET, NH3-TPD, H2-TPR and XRD techniques were used in characterization of the catalysts in a preliminary attempt to correlate structure and catalytic behaviour. The catalytic activity of H-ZSM-5 was improved when impregnated with gallium and zinc. High conversions were obtained and the aromatic selectivity was above 50% when the gallium loading was 0.5 wt%. For Zn/H-ZSM-5 catalysts the activity increased with increase in zinc loading. The 3%Zn/H-ZSM-5 was the most active catalyst attaining a conversion of 88% and aromatic selectivity above 40%. The impregnation of H-ZSM-5 with molybdenum led to a decrease in activity and aromatic selectivity. As the molybdenum content was increased the deactivation rate increased with time-on-stream. This may be attributed to less dispersion of molybdenum species in the H-ZSM-5 channels leading to the blockage of the pore and active sites. The NH3TPD profiles suggested that an increase in the molybdenum content decreased the concentration of Bronsted acid sites hence decreased the activity of the H-SM-5 catalysts. The results obtained showed that Ga/H-ZSM-5 and Zn/H-ZSM-5 catalysts are good catalysts for the aromatization of n-hexane due to their dehydrogenation activity. The results on the effect of percentage XRD crystallinity (from 5 to 86%) of H-ZSM-5 on the activity of H-ZSM-5 modified by loading 2 wt% of metal showed that conversion of n-hexane increased with %XRD crystallinity. The Ga/H-ZSM-5 and Zn/H-ZSM-5 catalysts with %XRD crystallinity above 30% showed more aromatic selectivity than Mo/H-ZSM-5 catalysts. The Mo/H-ZSM-5 catalysts were more selective to the cracked products due to the absence of the dehydrogenation activity that is possessed by gallium and zinc metals.


Past research has shown that people consistently believe that others are more easily manipulated by external influences than they themselves are—a phenomenon called the "third-person effect" (Davison, 1983). The present research investigates whether support for public policies aimed at changing behavior using incentives and other decision "nudges" is affected by this bias. Across two studies, we phrased justification for public policy initiatives using either the second- or third-person plural. In Study 1, we found that support for policies is higher when their justification points to people in general rather than the general "you", and in Study 2 we found that this former phrasing also improves support compared to a no-justification control condition. Policy support is mediated by beliefs about the likelihood of success of the policies (as opposed to beliefs about the policies' unintended consequences), and, in the second-person condition, is inversely related to a sense of personal agency. These effects suggest that the third-person effect holds true for nudge-type and incentive-based public policies, with implications for their popular support.


Basysyasy Muthi. K3114000. THE EFFECTIVITY OF CONTINGENCY CONTRACTING TECHNIQUE TO REDUCE VERBAL AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR IN XI CLASS STUDENTS AT BATIK VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL 2 SURAKARTA 2018/2019 ACADEMIC YEAR. Thesis, Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Sebelas Maret University Surakarta, January 2019. The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of self contingency contracting techniques to reduce verbal aggressive behavior in XI class students at Batik Vocational High School 2 Surakarta in the academic year of 2018/2019. This study was using an experimental method, namely a single case experimental design with a design plan of A-B. The subjects in this study were two male students of XI class Surakarta Batik Vocational High School 2 Surakarta. Data collection techniques in this study used interviews and observation guidelines for verbal aggressive behavior and frequency observation sheets. The data analysis used in this study were split middle technique and clinical analysis, namely subjective evaluation methods by significant other. The results of the statistical analysis with the split middle technique method have a level of change in the intervention condition compared to the baseline phase. The results of the split-middle analysis data show the change in slope on the RRF subject 1.24 and the change in level 2. While the MRA subject with the baseline shows a change in slope of 1.28 and a change in the level of 2.16. These results are also supported by the results of clinical analysis by a significant other who explained that verbal aggressive behavior of research subjects experienced a change that is decreasing. This is evidenced by the efforts of the two subjects who try to reduce the frequency of verbal aggressive behavior. Then it can be concluded that the contingency contracting technique is effective for reducing verbal aggressive behavior of students of class XI of Batik 2 Surakarta Vocational High School 2018/2019. Based on these results, it is expected that further researchers can create media for contingency contracting techniques using development research designs. Keywords: contingency contracting, verbal aggressive, split middle technique


Sintering of binder jet 3D printed (BJ3DP) parts results in significant nonlinear distortion with typical shrinkage value of 5–20%, which makes design for BJ3DP and post-machining difficult. In this work, a computational modeling framework with calibration and validation procedure is developed to simulate distortion during sintering of BJ3DP parts accurately for the first time. The computational model employs the finite element analysis with a viscoplastic constitutive model that accounts for effects of gravity and friction. A calibration procedure is proposed to obtain values of different model parameters systematically through dilatometric, gravity bending, and grain growth experiments. For model validation, four bridges with different spans and a second part with a circular hole and two free overhangs are designed. The calibration procedure is applied to develop a computational model for sintered 316L stainless steel BJ3DP parts. The displacements at various locations on the sintered parts are simulated using the calibrated model and are found to have errors less than 3.5% compared to those obtained by experiment.


Introductory investigations performed in order to make quantitative electron-probe microanalysis of very light elements such as boron, carbon, nitrogen or oxygen possible are described. The practical problems encountered in this kind of work are discussed in detail and, where possible, solutions are proposed. It is shown that with very light elements such as carbon it is no longer permitted to measure x-ray intensities at the position of the maximum of the emission peak as the shape of the carbon Ka peak is subject to strong alterations, depending on the type of chemical bond involved. As a consequence, integral measurements have to be performed and it is shown that errors of 3040% can easily be made if this is neglected. The lengthy procedures, connected with integral intensity measurements, can be shortened considerably by the


This document specifies protocol semantics for using the XMPP publish-subscribe extension to persistently store private information such as bookmarks and client configuration options.


Objective:Clinical observation of traditional Chinese medicine HuiGanKang mixture treatment of chronic hepatitis B virologic response.Methods:The application of HuiGankang Mixture made from traditional Chinese medicine with Jieduhuayu and Yiqi Yanggan,the treatment of 36 cases of chronic hepatitis B,one course of treatment for three months,to do before and after treatment of hepatitis B virus DNA and HBsAg,HBsAb,HBeAg,HBeAb,HBcAb inspection.Results:The hepatitis B virus DNA virologic response in 20 cases,accounting for 55.6%,negative one of 12 cases,accounting for 33.4%,≥ 2 log 10 for the eight cases,accounting for 22.2%;8 cases of partial responses,accounting for 22.2%;the total effective rate was 77.8%.HBeAg negative in 7 cases,accounting for 36.8%,serum replacement study Example 1,accounting for 5.3%,a total of eight cases,accounting for 42.1%;and to have HBsAg negative Example 1,Example 2 in serum replacement study,which together account for 8.4%.Significant effect.


The size and dominance of architecture in Caracol's epicenter and outlying monumental nodes demonstrate, at least in part, the hegemony of the rulers who governed and administered Caracol. While Caana, with its enormous construction effort and widespread visibility, phenomenologically dominates the landscape, the actual significance of this architectural feature can best be evaluated in comparison with other structures of a similar nature. Both a residential and administrative structure, Caana is relatively unique in form and scale; however, other household structures occur in at least two distinct architectural forms at Caracol – as both acropoli and plazuelas. In order to operationalize a measurement of hegemony through architecture, energetic analyses – reduced to architectural volume – permit a comparison of wealth inequality as unequal access to labor for household construction. When viewed as a Gini Index, these data allow for a comparative measure of inequality in construction efforts among and between different cities. While other operationalizations of hegemony through architecture and urban design will be required for both a more complete picture of the ancient Maya and to facilitate comparison among Maya cities, this analysis provides one method for discussing the nuances of hegemony using architecture to answer questions of inequality, control, and power.


The driving requirement for design of a Mars Sample return mission is assuring containment of the returned samples. The impact of this requirement on developmental costs, mass allocation, and design approach of the Earth Entry Vehicle is significant. A simple Earth entry vehicle is described which can meet these requirements and safely transport the Mars Sample Return mission's sample through the Earth's atmosphere to a recoverable location on the surface. Detailed analysis and test are combined with probabilistic risk assessment to design this entirely passive concept that circumvents the potential failure modes of a parachute terminal descent system. The design also possesses features that mitigate other risks during the entry, descent, landing and recovery phases. The results of a full-scale drop test are summarized.


In today's information society.People ofen use computers to handle plenty of data,It is necessary for us to master the database knowledge.This essay based on the author's practical experience and applied skill,put forward some advice in the field of database manage system for the good of lovers in this field.


To study the distribution of heavy metal pollution in Guangxi coastal water, we set up 10 monitoring stations in Guangxi coastal water, monitored and analyzed Hg, Cu, Pb, Cd, As, Zn and Cr in each monitoring stations during 2007 and 2009 dry season. The results show that the heavy metal pollutants distribution concentration of Guangxi coastal water during the dry season can meet Grade I sea water quality standard. From 2007 to 2009, heavy metal pollution of Guangxi coastal water is reduced. Heavy metal contents in seawater of all stations is decreased expected Cu, whose content is slightly elevated. And besides the reduction of As is small, other heavy metals declined obviously, theirs contents are all below or near the detection limit. Cu contamination of seafood proliferative zone and dredged sludge dumping areas need to be strengthened supervision.