Objective To investigate the colonization,incidence of infection,drug sensitivity and related risk factors of central venous catheter-related bloodstream infection( CRBSI) in SICU( Surgical Intensive Care Unit),providing guidance for clinical prevention and treatment. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed to review the data of cases suspected with central venous catheter( CVC) infection in the SICU. The incidence of CRBSI,pathogen distribution and drug resistance were observed and analyzed based on the outcomes of blood culture and tip culture. Result Among 143 suspected cases,31 cases( 21. 7%) were diagnosed as CRBSI. 31 pathogenic strains were separated,including 8 strains of Acinetobacter baumannii( 25. 8%),6 strains of fungi( 19. 3%),4 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa( 12. 9%) and 4 strains of coagulase-negative staphylococci( 12. 9%). Conclusions Acinetobacter baumannii and fungi are the main pathogens of central venous catheter-related bloodstream infections in the SICU. Medical staffs should emphasize on early detection and timely adjustment of antimicrobial drugs according to the result of the drug sensitivity test.


Abstract This work reports one low-priced way for the production of CuFeTe2 films on the conductive glass surface. CuFeTe2 films were prepared by electrodeposition and treatment at 220 °C for 20 h in N2 atmosphere for the first time. The effect of different deposition potentials on the CuFeTe2 phase was studied. CuFeTe2 films were prepared by electrodeposition using copper sulfate, ammonium ferrous sulfate, tellurium dioxide, and sodium citrate as raw materials. When the deposition potential is −1.0 V and the deposition time is 20 min, CuFeTe2 thin films with good phrase formation can be obtained at 25 °C. The phase of samples was characterized using x-ray diffraction (XRD). The morphology of samples was characterized via scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The crystallinity of CuFeTe2 thin films prepared under these conditions is relatively good. The microcosmic morphology of the samples is granular crystals. The lattice constants of CuFeTe2 are also calculated.


Bausch + Lomb presented several product innovations in pharmaceuticals, OTC offerings, IOLs, and surgical devices and equipment during the annual meeting of the American Academy of Ophthalmology.


To shed light on the factors that affect who speaks up in teams in the workplace, we study willingness to speak up after someone has raised an opinion. We call voicing disagreement overriding and study this behavior in a laboratory experiment where participants answer multiple choice questions in pairs. In a control treatment, participants interact anonymously. In a photo treatment, both participants see the photo of the person they are matched with at the beginning of the group task. Using a series of incentivized tasks, we elicit beliefs about the likelihood that each possible answer option to a question is correct. This allows us to measure disagreement and to tease apart the role of disagreement versus preferences in the decision to override ideas in teams. Results show that anonymity increases overriding. This treatment effect is driven by social image costs. Analysis of heterogeneity in behavior by gender reveals no differences between the likelihood that men and women override. However, we find some evidence that men and women are treated differently; when participants disagree with their partner, they are more likely to override a woman than a man. Preferences seem to in part explain the differential treatment of men and women. Studying group performance, we find that overriding helps groups on average, while the gender composition of teams does not affect team performance. This paper was accepted by Yan Chen, behavioral economics and decision analysis.


The influence of seed addition temperature, seeds surface area and seeds of different origin on the granulometric characteristics and polymorphism of glycine were examined. At sufficient surface seed area, regular and narrow crystal size distribution (CSD) was obtained. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X - ray diffraction (XRD) analysis were carried out for investigations of polymorphism. Differences in seed size and seed mass couple influenced the granulometric properties but didn't cause changes in polymorphic structure. Four experiments with different origin seeds were carried out at optimal process conditions determined by preliminary experiments. Different seed origin caused differences in supersaturation level and CSD but structure of obtained crystals remained the same as loaded seed.


A rare case of glioblastoma subsequent to radiotherapy for pituitary adenoma was described. A 35-year-old man suffered from a sellar tumor which was removed by subtotal resection, 3cm in the diameter, 9 months later recurrence was recognized and another incomplete removal was performed. By electron microscopy and immunohistochemical staining of the tumor, it was confirmed to be pituitary prolactinoma. Electron microscopy revealed small amount of pleomorphic neuroendocrine glanules in form of dumbbell or tear-drop like shape in tumor cells. Immunohistochemical staining was positive for pro1actin. Radiation therapy had been performed since recurrence. Four years later a tumor of right temporal lobe measuring 6. 0 × 5. 8 × 4. 2cm developed, and the right anterior temporal lobe was resected. Histological examination revealed glioblastoma. Immunohistochemical staining was positive for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and S-lOo protein(S-100). It was confirmed that the tumor was originated from glioma tissues without doubt.


A moderately tectonised stratigraphic section pertaining to the Ghomarides, NW of Tetuan, M orocco, is formed by platy limestones and slates, and contains interesting associations of conodonts of uppermost Silurian to upper Devonian age.


On the basis of the entropy pricing theory,we formulate the entropy model of American bond option with the Geske-Johnson′s method of analytical approximation of American option,and give the option pricing analytical approximate formula of the underlying of the zero-coupon bonds and the coupon bonds.Finally,the tractable arithmetic process is presented.


【In this study, clothing consumption behaviors of Russian and Korean female college students were compared. Data were collected by conducting surveys in Russia and Korea. In results, Russian female college students spent considerably more money on clothing than did Korean students, compared to the income level. Korean consumers bought clothing mostly in the department stores, whereas Russian consumers preferred large shopping centers, discount stores and traditional markets to shop clothing. As important factors affecting clothing purchase decision, Russian consumers considered country of origin while Korean consumers considered style. Korean consumers were satisfied more on domestic brands than did Russian consumers while Russians were more satisfied with foreign brands than did Koreans. Russian consumers considered diverse factors in forming attitude and buying intention toward domestic and foreign brands. In contrast, Korean consumers' attitude and purchase intention were influenced much by style. Based on study results, marketing implications were provided.】


From the angle of reliability, the system of coal cutting and support moving of high productivity and efficiency work face is analyzed in detail by using the interference theory of strength and stress distribution. The coupling equation and calculation formulas of the velocity ratio of coal cutting to support moving are established. The characteristic curve of the velocity ratio consists of three different areas, so the ratio of different work face should be selected according to different demand of reliability. The velocity ratio of coal cutting to support moving can be selected from 1.3 to 1.5 in high productivity and efficiency work face, or from 1.5 to 1.8 in super-length fully mechanized top-coal caving face.2figs.,2tabs.,6refs.


In clinical mental health practice, the presence of Dual Disorders (DDs), defined as the comorbidity of at least one Substance Use Disorder (SUD) and another mental disorder in the same person [...].


STFM has begun a careful study of its governance structure. The goal is to ensure that the Society is making the most effective decisions in the most efficient way possible and that the decisions are in the best interests of the organization and its members. Governance refers to the way in which decisions are made within STFM and involves actions of the Board and committees, especially as they involve allocation of STFM's resources. A governance task force has been charged with the responsibility for making recommendations to the STFM Board. The members of the task force offer a balance among past and current leaders, as well as members of the current STFM Board and committees.


3D object-level mapping is a fundamental problem in robotics, which is especially challenging when object CAD models are unavailable during inference. In this work, we propose a framework that can reconstruct high-quality object-level maps for unknown objects. Our approach takes multiple RGB-D images as input and outputs dense 3D shapes and 9-DoF poses (including 3 scale parameters) for detected objects. The core idea of our approach is to leverage a learnt generative model for shape categories as a prior and to formulate a probabilistic, uncertainty-aware optimization framework for 3D reconstruction. We derive a probabilistic formulation that propagates shape and pose uncertainty through two novel loss functions. Unlike current state-of-the-art approaches, we explicitly model the uncertainty of the object shapes and poses during our optimization, resulting in a high-quality object-level mapping system. Moreover, the resulting shape and pose uncertainties, which we demonstrate can accurately reflect the true errors of our object maps, can also be useful for downstream robotics tasks such as active vision. We perform extensive evaluations on indoor and outdoor real-world datasets, achieving achieves substantial improvements over state-of-the-art methods. Our code will be available at https://github.com/TRAILab/UncertainShapePose.


The characteristics of components of heavy oil,their interactions and effects on the wax deposition behavior of heavy oil from Yumen oil field were studied by using chromatogram separation, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)and optical microscope.The results indicate that the interaction between the components can inhibit the precipitation of wax crystal effectively.The behaviors of A1 with different polarity components added are quite different from that of the heavy oil.The wax-appearing temperature,the peak temperature of wax-precipitation and the percentage of precipitated wax are decreased.The optical microscope analysis shows that the addition of resin and asphaltene to A1can increase the number of wax crystal particles and decrease their dimensions during the cooling crystallization process,which can prevent the particles from contacting and crosslinking each other to form bulk wax crystal aggregation.


The article presents the results of examination of the influence of aggressive environmental factors during tests in a salt fog chamber and moisture saturation on the strength characteristics and low-cycle fatigue of riveted joints of laminated glass-reinforced plastic with and without an integrated protection system. It is shown that the multilayer structure of SIAL prevents the development of corrosion damage in layers along the depth of the material. The mechanical properties of samples made of SIAL material with three-layer and five-layer structure after moisture saturation practically do not change. It was found that the lack of corrosion protection of the laminated material leads to a decrease in the fatigue life of riveted joints.


A density functional theory study is performed to predict the structures and stability of carbon monoxide (CO) bound EX3+ (E = C, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb; X = H, F, Cl, Br, I) complexes. The possibility of bonding through both C‐ and O‐sides of CO is considered. Thermochemical analysis reveals that all the dissociation processes producing CO and EX3+ are endothermic in nature whereas most of the dissociation reactions are endergonic in nature at room temperature. The nature of bonding in EC/O bonds is analyzed via Wiberg bond index, natural population analysis, electron density, and energy decomposition analyses in conjunction with natural orbitals for chemical valence scheme. In comparison to CO stretching frequency ( ν∼CO ) in free CO, while a red shift is noted in O‐side binding, the C‐side binding results in a blue shift in ν∼CO . The relative change in ν∼CO values in CO bound EX3+ complexes on changing either E or X is scrutinized and possible explanation is provided in terms of polarization in the σ‐ and π‐orbitals and the relative strength of C→E or O→E σ‐donation and E→C or E→O π‐back‐donation. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


Based on the runoff-evaporation hydrological model the water consumption in large oases located along the Kashigar,Yerqiang,Aksu,Hetian and Kaidu-Kongque River in the Tarim Basin are analyzed.The annual water consumption of these oases and their seasonal variations,water consumptions for different land uses,water uses by social-economy and natural ecology,water balance and components of water consumption in farmland,recharge and consumption of groundwater as well as the classification of groundwater evaporation are quantitatively studied.These results are helpful for understanding of water consumption in oases of arid region and implementation of water resources deployment.


A nanocarrier system self-assembled in the intestine significantly improves oral availability of poorly water-soluble drugs. A nanocarrier system self-assembled in the intestine significantly improves oral availability of poorly water-soluble drugs.


After the First World War, the then colonial powers Great Britain and France created a number of countries from what remained of the Ottoman Empire. One of those countries was Syria, a nation of artificial borders. In 1946, Syria gained its independence. The government promoted secularization and saw to it that the benefits of modernization accrued to many, which meant that the country's 12 different ethnic and religious groups lived together in peace until the 1980s. During the Assad dynasty, however, problems and conflicts arose, culminating in open revolt in 2011.


Legume flours, due to their amino acid balance and their demonstrated nutritional benefits, are ideal ingredients to improve the nutritional characteristics of bakery products. In the present study, we have investigated the influence of the partial substitution of wheat flour by lentil flour at the levels of 10, 15 and 20 %, on the quality characteristics of the dough and the cake. Obtained results showed that lentil flour additionaffectedthe dough development time and water activity. Moreover, with the increase of lentil flours levels, adecrease of tenacity, deformation energyand swelling index of dough was observed whereas extensibilityincreased. A significant difference in physical characteristic between cakes fortified with lentilflour and control was showed (P < 0.05). With the increase of lentil flour levels in formulation,cakes density increased whereas water activity, L* and a* crumb color values decreased. Increasing levelsof lentil flour caused increases in total sensory scores. The overall acceptability rate showed that 15 and 20% lentil flour can be incorporated to prepare acceptable quality cakes.


Seismic movements frequently occur in the Republic of Panama, mainly in the province of Chiriquí. Currently there is no system that stores the data generated from the movements and that allows timely decision-making. It is in this sense that this research work is carried out, which has in turn allowed the development of a Web information system, it has been developed within the framework of the subsoil characterization and ground movement project through a sustainable collaborative work network in Chiriquí (GeoData). Through the system developed, it was possible to collect information that has been obtained in the field, by going to different points in the province. It works so that both researchers and students can carry out various academic studies, thus establishing a new source of analytical information. The results obtained when executing the system are evidenced from the design process, determination of functionalities, requirements analysis and the final platform.


gan j5 1 no more of the matter. But, in the course of two months, he betinnitus in the left car, wavering sight, and ultimately the most dartin?1Ht'n^ cePh;l'algia> the Pain rising from tlte back part of the bead and the c1g ̂ ?Wards the left ear and the forehead. He went into an hospital for At |e?m'. nt> ai)d various means were tried to relieve him without success, cicjg he became so distressed with the pain that he determined on suU teotjv t'li? t'me 'le caInc under Lisfranc, in La Piths, who made an atra,1$ed exai"'nal'on the part. When the old cicatrix was pressed, it f'?idal Cons'derable pain, and in this place it was obyrrverl that the lam-


The complex investigation of the properties of spin-valve system fragments based on ordered arrays of iron oxide nanoparticles embedded into the conductive matrix were conducted. The influence of the external magnetic field geometry on the magnetoresistance and coercive force value were analyzed. The phase-structural, electrical and morphological properties were studied.


The On The Job Training (OJT) activity is an activity that is included in the curriculum of all Study Programs at the Indonesian Tourism Economics College (STIEPARI)  Semarang  and must be carried  out by students  who are currently studying in semester VI. On The Job Training (OJT) is an activity to go directly to the field and apply the things obtained from theory and compared with practice in the field.  From  semester  I to semester  V, students  of the Indonesian  Tourism Economics College (STIEPARI) Semarang have been equipped with various practical skills and solving problems that exist in each study program so as to make it easier for students to practice in their respective fields.


A variety of fiber-optic temperature sensors based on inline Mach–Zehnder interferometry (MZI) have been implemented for their ease of fabrication and cost efficiency, but it is difficult to control the length of the sensing area (i.e. the fiber section with sensitivity). Herein, we develop a new temperature sensor based on inline MZI by connecting two single-mode fibers (SMFs) with different mode-field diameters and by applying a load to one of the SMFs. The fiber section between the connector and the load operates as the sensing area, the length of which can be dynamically controlled by changing the load position.


A student withdrawal and assessment program in Sydney is helping students succeed at school. Joseph Degeling explains how it works.


In order to select superior clones from Pinus kesiya var.langbianensis with a high content of Δ3-carene in turpentine,the paper analyzed and thus determined the Δ3-carene contents of 40 5-year-old high-resin-yield clones and a control.Results show that among the 40 clones,18's contents are higher than that of the control and their average is 419.9% higher than the control.Results of variance analysis also show that Δ3-carene contents among the clones have a significant difference and their clone heritability is 0.99;and that 11 superior clones from the 40 are selected,their genetic gain is 415.7% and their average resin-producing capacity is 2.7 times that of the control.


Fertilization is delayed approximately 2\p=n-\5h in the majority of ova recovered from aged hamsters (14\p=n-\17months old), compared with younger (3\p=n-\5months old) animals (Parkening & Soderwall, 1975). This delay may explain the relatively large percentage (40%) of ova which is incapable of developing to the implantation stage in this species (Parkening & Soderwall, 1975). Blaha & Leavitt (1974) have shown that there is a wider variation in the peripheral plasma concentration of progesterone at the time of fertilization in aged than in younger hamsters. A hormonal imbalance in the senescent female hamster may disturb normal gamete interactions, thus causing the delay in fertilization. In order to determine the significance of hormonal levels with respect to fertilization, the concentrations of progestogens, oestrogens, luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in peripheral plasma were analysed by radioimmunoassay in mature and old hamsters. Mature Syrian hamsters (3-5 months old), which had produced one or two litters and senescent hamsters (14-17 months old), which were received as retired breeders at 10 months of age, were maintained on a 13 h light : 11 h darkness cycle. All female hamsters exhibited three normal 4 day oestrous cycles before being placed with a male hamster ofproven fertility in the early evening. Animals were observed to ensure mating had taken place and ovulation was considered to have occurred between 8 and 9 h after the onset of lordosis (Parkening & Soderwall, 1975). Blood samples (2-0-6-0 ml) were collected in heparinized syringes from the abdominal aorta of female hamsters, lightly anaesthetized with ether, between 3 and 5 h after the expected time of ovulation. Immediately after exsanguination, ova were collected from the ampulla of each oviduct and treated with 0-05% hyaluronidase in Hanks' solution to remove the cumulus cells, fixed in 3% glutaraldehyde and examined under a phase-contrast microscope for fertilization. The concentrations of progesterone, oestradiol-17ß and oestrone in the plasma were determined by radioimmunoassay (Saksena, Lau & Chang, 1976) using 0-5 ml samples of plasma, after separation of the steroids on microcolumns of Celite (Lau, Saksena & Chang, 1976). For the determination of 20a-hydroxyprogesterone, 0-2 ml plasma was extracted, sub¬ jected to chromatography and assayed as described by Maroulis & Abraham (1975). Plasma LH and FSH were determined by post-precipitation double-antibody radioimmunoassays, which were modifications of the procedures described by Niswender, Midgley, Monroe & Reichert (1968) and Gay, Niswender, Midgley & Reichert (1970) respectively. There were no differences between the numbers of ova from 3to 5-month-old (14-8 ± 0-80 (s.e.m.); = 17) and 14to 17-month-old (14-2 + 0-78; = 19) hamsters. Of these ova, 67% from the 3to 5-month-old and 22% from the 14to 17-month-old animals either contained a swollen sperm head and a female pronucleus or both male and female pronuclei and were, therefore, considered to be fertilized. All but one mature female hamster had some


Pattern discovery in event sequences is based on the mining of frequent episodes. Patterns are the result of the assessment of frequent episodes using episode rules. However, with a simple search usually a huge number of frequent episodes and rules are found, then, methods to recognise the most significant patterns and to properly measure the frequency of the episodes, are required. In this paper, two new indexes called cohesion and backward-confidence of the episodes are proposed to help in the extraction of significant patterns. Also, two methods to find the maximal number of non-redundant occurrences of serial and parallel episodes are presented. Experimental results demonstrate the compactness of the mining result and the efficiency of our


The article gives insights into ongoing research with respect to techniques of assessing knowledge in methods of teaching biology. Finally, the developed measurement techniques help to assess the learning preconditions of future biology teachers.Thus, several types of assessing and controling in methods of teaching biology have been discussed.


Background: Prior studies have shown a treatment gap in oral anticoagulant (OAC) use among patients with atrial fibrillation. It has been also shown that the lack of correct anticoagulation leads to greater risks of thromboembolic complications Methods: Using data collected beetween 2016 and 2017 we analysed the outcome of NVAF patients according to the nature and the quality of the antithrombotic treatment preccribed on an outpatients basis. Results: The mea nage of patients was 61.8 years with a male predominance of 52.7%. Dilated cardiomyopathies were the most prevalente underlying cardiopathies. The thromboembolic ris was high with a mean CHA2DS2VASC Score of 3. The hemorragic risk was low according to the HASBLED mean score of 0.8. Among 186 outpatients identified in our registry 135 received oral anticoagulant mainly VKA (132/135:97.8%), 28 received aspirin while 23 received no antithrombotic treatment. The one-year analysis revealed that patients well anticoagulated (TTR ≥65%) had the less mortality prevalence while those with TTR<65%, treated with aspirin or receving no antithrombotic treatment presented the highest mortality rate (p=0.018). Conclusion: Our work confirms the suboptimal use of oral anticoagualnt therapy in the management of NVAF and the necessity of a good oral anticoagulation therapy in the management of NVAF even in black patients thought to have lesser risk of thromboembolic complications.


The boundary-value problem of diffraction of a parallel- or perpendicular-polarized wave from an echelette grating is numerically solved. Parallel and perpendicular Wood's anomalies are investigated. A very strong anomaly for negative incident angle into a back-scattering order is found.


Many transport services require that user traffic, in the forms of
Pseudowires (PW), to be delivered on a single co-routed bidirectional
LSP or two LSPs that share the same routes. In addition, the user
traffic may traverse through multiple transport networks. This
document specifies an optional extension in LDP that enable the
binding between PWs and the underlying LSPs.


The paper presents the pharmacological profile of cariprazine, a new antipsychotic drug. Cariprazine is a partial agonist of dopamine receptors. It is used at doses of 1.5–6.0 mg/day in the pharmacological treatment of schizophrenia. Cariprazine like other partial dopamine receptor agonists, and in contrast to classical antagonists — does not block dopamine transmission in a zero-one manner. The signal transmitted by dopamine cells in the limbic system is weakened by cariprazine, but not completely blocked, and this action of cariprazine is sufficient to obtain an antipsychotic effect. Lack of a full antagonistic effect on D2 and D3 receptors may limit adverse subjective reactions to the medication, including the severity of symptomatology of depression and secondary negative symptoms.


The research described in this article tested the social cognitive hypotheses that self-efficacy can be enhanced more effectively by symbolically modeling risk reduction information and by encouraging its cognitive rehearsal than by the presentation of risk reduction information alone. Young unmarried women (N = 138) viewed one of three videos: AIDS information only, information plus modeling, or information plus modeling with cognitive rehearsal. The hypotheses were confirmed at both posttest and one month follow-up: AIDS prevention self-efficacy was most improved among participants who watched the information plus modeling with rehearsal video, while participants viewing the information plus modeling video exhibited an intermediate level of improvement. Certain AIDS preventive behaviors, including condom purchases and conversations with friends about safe sex, also exhibited significant treatment-related changes at follow-up. These results indicate that symbolic modeling and cognitive rehearsal of modeled information are effective strategies for enhancing perceptions of self-efficacy through televised media.


This article gives an introduction to art therapy and debates its application in schools for children with special needs. Possibilities for the implementation of art therapy methods in the special-needs education on children (pupils) with mental disabili- ties, learning disabilities, and behavioural problems are presented. The many practical examples that are given should create interest in this specialised method of psychotherapy and emphasize its potential for special-needs education.


Because surveys now can be implemented with relative ease and little cost, many researchers are overlooking the basic principles of survey research. This chapter discusses sources of error that researchers should consider when conducting a survey, and gives readers basic suggestions for reducing error.


Seven immunosuppressed children with varicella and two with herpes zoster were treated with large intravenous doses of polyvalent, intact immunoglobulin (IgG i.v.). In all patients the treatment was effective for controlling fever and skin lesions and for preventing progression and complications, even if this therapy was started late and/or if the patient was severely lymphopenic . More IgG was needed to control disseminated than less advanced varicella. No untoward effects of IgG therapy were observed. The preliminary results suggest that in future trials i.v. IgG should be used for comparison with antiviral agents.


Bending a planar organic light‐emitting diode (OLED) alters the optical structure of the device, resulting in the change of optical characteristics. The bending effect on light emission through the substrate was analyzed, and the issues were extracted. The effect of curvature radius on characteristics of nonplanar OLED light sources was experimentally studied. For this purpose, two OLED samples with barrier layer thicknesses of 100 and 150 nm were fabricated, and their characteristics were measured at curvature radii of R0 = ∞  mm (flat state), R2 = 143 mm (cylindrically curved state), and R5 = 56.7 mm (cylindrically curved state). The variations in optical characteristics such as total luminous flux, the luminous intensity pattern, and the spectrum were verified by measuring the cylindrically shaped OLEDs. The results were evaluated and discussed for OLEDs in cylindrically curved states.


Investor overreaction results in the systematic overshooting of stock prices and their subsequent mean reversion. International studies on the overreaction hypothesis generally find that the mean reversion of stock returns take place after a consistent winning or losing trek for over 36 months. We construct monthly-rebalanced prior 36-month winner and loser portfolios from global equities and examine their characteristics over the period from 1999 to 2009. Using the residual returns from the capital asset pricing model (CAPM) and the 3-factor model of Fama and French (1993) as proxies for monthly abnormal returns, it is found that the loser portfolio accumulates abnormal returns mainly during turbulent times while the winner portfolio accumulates abnormal returns mainly during the upswing of the economic cycle. The resilient nature of the loser portfolio in the downswing of the economic cycle suggests that investments in past long-term losers could be regarded as a safe haven during financial market turmoil. In line with the prior study results conducted on South African stocks, the abnormal returns between the winner and loser portfolios are negatively correlated and the winner-loser spreads are found to be cyclical in relation to the economic cycle for global equities as investor sentiments and future prospects change.


An attempt has been made to highlight the nutritional and therapeutic aspects of yoghurt. Yoghurt has been found nutritious over milk due to higher concentration, better digestibility and absorption of fat, lactose, protein and minerals. Therapeutic properties of yoghurt may be attributed to elaboration of bacteriocin like compounds and microbes in the starter culture which exhibit antagonism against undesirable flora. Owing to higher nutritional and therapeutic properties, consumption of yoghurt as dietary adjunct is suggested.


Background: thrombolysis is the only approved pharmacological treatment for acute stroke. It acts as a mediator of recanalization and sometimes causes secondary hemorrhage depending on the size of the ischemic lesion, little is known about the efficacy and hemorrhagic complication of thrombolytic therapy, we aim to identify clinical predictors of hemorrhagic transformation.Methods: a cross-sectional comparative study in Sohag University Hospital for 1226 acute ischemic stroke patient admitted to our department from 1st April 2019 till 31st March 2020, of the 21 patients treated with thrombolytic therapy further subdivided into two groups; (Group A): patients who didn't complicate with hemorrhagic transformation and (group B) patients who developed hemorrhagic transformation after receiving intravenous thrombolysis, the correlation between hemorrhagic transformation and clinical characteristic, vascular risk factors, and demographic data is done.Results: We found a small percentage (1.7%) of acute ischemic stroke patients receiving thrombolytic therapy. Old age, ischemic heart disease, high admission NIHSS on admission, and NIHSS 24h after admission are associated with hemorrhagic transformation with p-value (0.024), (0.048), (0.085), and (0.001) respectively. Patients treated with thrombolytic therapy have statistically significant improvement in NIHSS 24h after admission in comparison to the admission NIHSS with a p-value (< 0.001).Conclusion: Elderly, high NIHSS on admission, and tachycardia are associated with hemorrhagic transformation following treatment with IV thrombolytic therapy, Despite the updated management of acute ischemic stroke only a small percentage (1.7%) of acute ischemic stroke patients receiving thrombolytic therapy, this in need of further investigations.


Matrix‐metalloproteinases (MMPs) are associated with invasive and metastatic behavior of several human malignant tumors. We have determined MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 and tissue inhibitors of MMPs (TIMP‐1 and TIMP‐2) in blood plasma and in renal tissue samples of patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) from cancerous and non‐cancerous parts of the same kidney. In tumor tissue, MMP‐9 and TIMP‐1 were significantly higher than in normal counterparts. MMP‐2 was not different between tumor tissue and normal counterparts. TIMP‐2 values could not be measured. In plasma, MMP‐9 concentrations were significantly higher in RCC patients than in healthy controls, MMP‐2 and TIMP‐2 concentrations were higher in healthy controls and TIMP‐1 concentrations were not different. Int. J. Cancer 85:801–804, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


In July 2018, the Ministry of Petroleum and Energy (MPE) offered an area in the northern Stord Basin for applications to exploit a subsea reservoir for injection and storage of CO₂. This will be the first licence regulated by the Norwegian regulation for CO2 Storage (2014). By offering the area south of the Troll Field for an exploitation licence, it was decided to continue with the qualification of the Johansen-Cook aquifer for the Northern Light project.


This article describes the evaluation of the durability of joints composed of wood adherends with a bonded layer of fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) fabric. Carbon and glass fibres in an epoxy matrix were studied. The main purpose of FRP usage with timber in the construction industry is generally to improve the stiffness/strength of reinforced members without any influence on their service-life or any environmental impact. From the perspective of the timber reinforcement process, optimal dimensional stability during moisture changes in wood should be one of the most important criteria for such joints. Therefore, FRP/wood joints were evaluated with regard to the influence of real external environmental conditions on the bondline over a period of 40 months. During exposure to these conditions, specimen failures and defects were continuously visually evaluated. The decisive factor in this evaluation was bond integrity, verified by the tensile shear strength of the FRP/wood joint. After the experimental study, it was noted that the first 20 months have a significant effect on bondline failure occurrences, which involve decreases in tensile shear strength. In the next 20 months, the FRP/wood bondlines resist other severe hygrothermal stresses without significant strength decreases. An additional observed parameter was the percentage of wood failure in the bonded area of single lap joints, which characterises the mode of failure of the bonded joint. To determine the influence of ageing on adhesive due to ultraviolet radiation and varying temperature, infrared absorption spectroscopy analysis was performed to reveal changes in the macromolecular structure of the epoxy adhesive. Findings showed that UV radiation had a significant influence on the degradation of the adhesive structure.


This paper describes the characteristics of the flood disaster and the evacuation activities of residents in the Sumiyo River basin in Amami Oshima Island, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan, on 20 October 2010. A record-breaking rainfall amount was observed at the raingauge of the Sumiyo suboffice located in the southern part of Amami Oshima Island. The hourly precipitation exceeded 130 mm for the time period between 11:00 and 13:00 h on 20 October 2011. This torrential rain caused disasters such as flood inundation, landslides and debris flows all over Amami Oshima Island. There were three casualties, who were elderly people, in this heavy rainfall. A hearing investigation was carried out in the Sumiyo River basin in order to find out the reasons why the number of victims was low despite the record torrential rain. According to the hearing investigation, the local community worked so effectively that residents helped each other and urged themselves to evacuate in its early stage.


The ground fault detecting device is disclosed. The disclosed fault detection device is connected in parallel to the bus bar connected to a ground fault detection subject distribution line through the circuit breaker connected to a grounding-type instrument transformer for obtaining a video voltage (V As such, according to the present invention, it is possible in situations where the ground fault is not generated to avoid unnecessary power outage was caused due to the harmonic voltage image and enhance the efficiency of the electric equipment management.


Figure 1. Retinopathy in Leukemia. A 43-year-old man presented with blurred vision that had persisted for several days. Funduscopic examination of the retina revealed leukemic infiltrates (arrowheads) and hemorrhages (arrows). Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of chronic myelogenous leukemia in blast crisis.


A threaded member such as a bolt, nut, or pipe has a threaded portion on a body of the member. The threaded portion of the member includes a first threaded section, a second threaded section, and a third threaded section. The first and third threaded section have standard threads which comprise standard roots, flanks, and crests. The second section is between the first and third sections and has threads in which a portion of the threads are raised relative to the standard threads to define bumps. The raised sections or bumps comprise a raised root, a raised flank, and a raised crest. The raised root and raised crest define diameters different from the diameters of the standard root and standard crest, respectively. In a exteriorly threaded member, the raised root and crest have diameters greater than the diameter of the standard root and crest, respectively. In interiorly threaded member, the raised root and crest define diameters smaller than the diameters of the standard root and crest, respectively.


Bilingual teaching program is an important part of the teaching method reform.This paper summarizes and analyzes the practice and experience of the bilingual teaching program of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) in schools of western medicine.The investigation results show that majority of the students have already had the international visions.They have recognized the necessity and importance of the bilingual teaching,meanwhile they have had the high expectation for TCM bilingual teaching.However the key point of successful bilingual teaching relies on both the reinforcement of teachers' foreign language teaching ability and the improvement of the students' English foundation.


This paper targets growing vocabulary through short story for discretionary students in Indonesia. The paper was arranged as Classroom Action Research. It was coordinated in two cycles; each cycle included arrangement, acting, seeing, and Reflecting. The researcher utilized understanding and test to collect the information. The deferred outcomes of the head spelling test showed that from 120 learners, there were 64 students out of 120 who got scores of least 70. It was indistinguishable from 53.3%. In cycle 2, undoubtedly the amount of learners who got the scores of 70 or higher was 88. It was indistinguishable from 73.3%. The aftereffect of this evaluation showed that Short Story was sensible to develop students' vocabulary stock.


When a firm introduces a radical innovation, consumers are unaware of the product's uses and benefits. Moreover, consumers are unsure of whether they even need the product. In this situation, we co...


In the Looting Machine, Financial Times reporter Tom Burgis attempts to trace the transactions, linkages and individuals that have played a significant role in the persistent and chronic underdevelopment of African states. The author aims at defining, naming, and shaming the beast called corruption as it marauds through Africa leaving in its wake thousands of corpses and malnourished innocents. In many ways the book reads like a modern day thriller with accounts of espionage, corporate maneuverings, wiretaps, assassinations, and hypocrisy, made all the more repugnant because these are true accounts backed by eyewitness statements, and copious other evidence.


In aircraft design, the decisions made during the conceptual or preliminary design phases play a large role in determining the success of the design. Supporting decision makers in these early design phases require a decision making technique with the capability of managing multiple conflicting criteria and capturing the associated uncertainties. The Joint Probability Decision making technique, which incorporates a multi-criteria and a probabilistic approach to systems design, is such a technique. This technique uses Probability of Success as the objective function, which is obtained by integrating the Joint Probability Density Function of the criteria over the area of criterion values that are of interest to the customer. However, the calculation of probability of success does not take the deviation of the solutions from the target values into account, which may be often important for concept selection. Also, this technique employs weighting coefficients to indicate the importance of each criterion when calculating the probability of success. However, representing the decision maker's preference by using the numerical weights is considered ineffective and usually involves a largely undefined trial-and-error weight-tweaking process. The study presented in this paper was done with the intention of enhancing the joint probability decision making technique so as to make it useful for concept selection through the utilization of Loss Function. The impact of the loss function in the decision making process is investigated in this paper, and an advanced rotorcraft concept selection problem employing the joint probability decision making technique with and without the loss function is performed in order to demonstrate the improved technique.


Background: Celiac disease (CD) is a heritable intolerance to gluten, the s t o r a g e protein found in wheat, rye, and barley. Commercially available assays used to calculate gluten content in food do not measure CD toxic high molecular weight glutenins (HMWG), but rely on the calculation that gliadin multiplied by two equals total gluten, which is invalid. Objective: We sought to generate monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), to known CD toxic HMWG subunits (HMW-GS), to develop improved assays to quantify CD toxic gluten in foods. Design: mAbs were generated using recombinant HMW-GS as antigens. They were termed CDC-3 and CDC-7 and were characterised by dot blot assay and ELISA. A suitable mAb was used in competitive ELISA to quantify HMW-GS content in foods intended to CD suffers. Results: Antibodies were raised against the important dough forming HMW-GS, 1Dy10 that cross-reacted with another important dough forming HMW-GS, 1Dx5. mAbs cross-reacted at high titre with HMW-GS extracted from fifteen varieties of European bread wheat. Competitive ELISA had a limit of detection of 625pg/ml, which is equivalent to 6.25x10 -3 ppm in a food extract. Conclusion: Our new antibodies react with a wide variety of wheat cultivars and can be used in sensitive ELISA assays for detection and quantification of CD toxic HMW-GS in foods intended to CD suffers. Summation of the food content of HMW-GS and gliadin permits improved quantitation of CD toxic gluten in nominally gluten-free foods.


To enhance a corrosion resistant of ferritic steel in reactor pressure vessel, stainless steel was used as a cladding. Bonding process between these two steels may result a inhomogenity either sub-clad crack or un-joined part. To ensure the integrity, effective inspection method is needed for this purpose. Therefore, in this study, an experiment of ultrasonic test for inspection of two bonding plate was performed. The objective of this study is to develop an effective method in predicting the shear fracture load of the join. For simplicity, these joined was modelled with two plate of stainless steel with spot welding. Ultrasonic tests were performed using contact method with 5 MHz in frequency and 10 mm in diameter of transducer. Amplitude of reflected wave from intermediate layer was used as a quantitative parameter. A set of experiment results show that shear fracture load has a linear correlation with amplitude of reflected wave. Besides, amplitude of reflected wave also has relation with nugget diameter. It could be concluded that ultrasonic contact method could be applied in predicting a shear fracture load.


Purpose – The aim of this presentation is to show the importance of EU Regulation in matters of succession and its consequences on legal position of EU citizens. Owing to above the speech will be present the different kind of jurisdiction, depending of the connector. On the top of that, the presentation will concern the issue of international civil procedure introduced by Polish code and its relation to EU Regulation. Design/methodology/approach – The speech is based on the legal-comparative and legal-historical methods of law research. The chosen methods provide a complete picture of the situation, which should be consider from the Member States perspective as well as from EU ones. Finding – Todays reality encourage people to travel or move to another country and the European Union Treaty treats freedom of movement as one of the protected rights. Over the time, this possibility has evolved into a difficulty. Lack of unified succession procedure meant that each Member States has its own regulation regarding to the succession. As an outcome of above, foreign people, especially successors met a great difficulty to obtain their inheritance. Hence, the unification of procedure should facilitate it, but it also brought new practical problems and questions, which are resulted using the state law. Research limitations/implications –For the purpose of this paper, the core of research has been limited to the issue of jurisdiction in Regulation (EU) no 650/2012 and its juxtaposition with jurisdiction in matters succession in polish civil procedure code and Regulation (EU) 1215/2015 on jurisdiction and the recognition and enforcement of judgments in civil and commercial matters. For the purpose of this speech, the issues regarding to recognition and enforcement of judgments on the territory of European Union have not been included. Practical implications – Establishing the proper jurisdiction in matters of succession will help successors in resolving those cases in more efficiently and effectively way. ''Social Transformations in Contemporary Society 2019'' ISSN 2424-5631 (online) 55 Additionally, this issue will provide more stable principles of inheritance in cases with a foreign element. Originality/Value – The issue of European successor law is not popular agenda and the problems concerning the jurisdiction for cases is extremally invisible for the doctrine. In the light of the foregoing the is a need to develop this aspect of law and introduced them to the wider public.


This experiment evaluated the suitability of dried seal meal (SM) as a protein supplement for growing steers. Protein in the SM had an effective degradability of 65% and a slow degradation rate in the rumen. There was a positive quadratic growth response to replacing soybean meal (SBM) with SM (P < 0.05). We attribute this response to optimized concentrations of fat and metabolizable protein supplied by the SM/SBM mixtures. We conclude that SM is a beneficial protein source for growing steers when combined with SBM. Key words: Growing steer, seal, protein supplement, silage


Objective:To study the relationship between intracellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1) and endometriosis.Methods:The expression of sICAM-1 protein were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays(ELISA) in 30 peritoneal fluid(PF) of patients with endometriosis and 12 PF from normal pelvic cavity/13 PF from non-endometriosis subjects with pelvic adhesion during the same menstrual phase.And then analyzed by F test and t test.Results:The expression of sICAM-1 in PF from patients with endometriosis was significantly higher than those in normal controls,but has no differences with those pelvic adhesion non-endometriosis subjects.Conclusion:The overexpression of sICAM-1 in PF promotes immunotolerance to implanted tissue in the peritoneal environment.In patients with endometriosis,pelvic inflammation may accelerate the developing of endometriosis.


The term "Aryan" has occupied a decisive position in the intellectual history of South Asia and the modern Western world. It has moreover played a deeply menacing part in the political history of E ...


I. Cohen and A. Cooke (IrnmunoL Today, 1986, 7, 363) proposed that natural autoantibodies might pre- vent autoimmune diseases by in- hibiting immune responses against self-mimicking epitopes on micro- organisms and other foreign anti- gens. This is a very intriguing and provocative concept but, as the authors acknowledge, its mechan- ism is not dear. The idea of regulation of immune responses by specific antibodies is not new 1.z but the experimental evi- dence to support the Cohen/Cooke hypothesis is scarce or lacking and several pieces of evidence argue against this mechanism. The authors correctly indicate that the bulk of natural autoantibodies are IgM but, as an indirect evidence in support of their hypothesis, they use the exam- ple of prevention of development of anti-Rh antibodies in Rh- mothers by administration of preformed anti-Rh antibody to the mother after deliv- ery. These anti-Rh antibodies, however, are of IgG, not IgM, isotype 3. It is well established that IgM antibodies can specifically en- hance (rather than suppress) the humoral immune responses when administered


A municipal solid waste Iandfill, located 35 Km east of Pisa (Italy), was selected to experiment the application of Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) to detect and delineate the plume of contamination caused by the absence of any natural or artificial protection for the underlying confined aquifer. ERT resuits have been supported and checked against geochemical data, hydrogeological data and measurements of soil physical properties.


By late 1969, a pioneer named Branemark defined the term of osseointegration as "a direct structural and functional connection between the living bone and the surface of a load carrying implant". He inserted submerged titanium implants with a machined surface in the jawbone of dogs. The result between the bone integration with the surface of the titanium implant gave great fixation strength. This discovery led to the development of root-form endosseous dental implants which become the standard in dentistry in the last 30 years.


To survive and prosper in a highly competitive and rapidly changing environment, organizations need to explicitly manage their knowledge. This article reports on a knowledge management framework that provides a clear and unambiguous knowledge base, which in turn can serve as a platform for the development of an effective knowledge management strategy. An appropriate knowledge framework is selected and combined with an appropriate management framework to create a well defined, theoretically sound knowledge management framework.


Worldwide, bonzai tetrahydrocannabinol is among the most widely used illicit drugs. The current wave of decriminalization may lead to more widespread use, and it is important that cardiologists be made aware of the potential for marijuana-associated adverse cardiovascular effects that may begin to occur in the population at a greater frequency. The main active substance, tetrahydrocannabinol, affects cannabinoid receptor 1 in the brain and cannabinoid receptor 2 in the periphery, with predominantly psychoactive effects [1]. There are several wellrecognized complications associated with tetrahydrocannabinol use, including psychiatric, respiratory system, and cardiovascular disorders [2]. Published reports describe a temporal relation between tetrahydrocannabinol use and the development of acute myocardial infarction, cardiomyopathy, and sudden cardiac death. The mechanism underlying the association between tetrahydrocannabinol use and myocardial infarction is currently unknown. It is possible that cannabis has a deleterious effect on coronary microcirculation. Dahdouh, et al. reported the case of a 20 years old patient who abused tobacco and marijuana and developed cardiac arrest and massive myocardial infarction [3].


This essay reflects on the burgeoning literature by marketing scholars in addressing various aspects of global disasters, from both natural and man-made causes. Marketing scholarship into elements of disaster management may be an example of a phenomenon in the "macro cross" posited by Peterson (2016). Disaster events are numerous and striking, with most comprising some element of consumption, hence, marketers might be well-poised to contribute to preparedness and recovery.


In June 2013, Iran surprised many observers by electing the moderate, but still firmly establishment, cleric Hassan Rouhani as President. Following Mahmoud Ahmadinejad's eight years in office, few analysts predicted Rouhani's victory. It was expected that Iran's Supreme Leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, would oversee the election of a more controllable conservative politician than Ahmadinejad had turned out to be. Instead, the array of hard-line candidates presented to the electorate on polling day split the conservative vote, resulting in an overwhelming victory for Rouhani.


Background: Prion proteins adopt different conformations, known as variants, each with a distinct phenotype. Results: Deletion of specific chaperone genes (HSC82, AHA1, CPR6, CPR7, SBA1, TAH1, SSE1) alters established [PIN+] variants in S. cerevisiae. Conclusion: Chaperone proteins have a role in determining prion variants. Significance: Chaperone activity helps to regulate cell prion phenotype. Prions are proteins that can adopt different infectious conformations known as "strains" or "variants," each with a distinct, epigenetically inheritable phenotype. Mechanisms by which prion variants are determined remain unclear. Here we use the Saccharomyces cerevisiae prion Rnq1p/[PIN+] as a model to investigate the effects of chaperone proteins upon prion variant determination. We show that deletion of specific chaperone genes alters [PIN+] variant phenotypes, including [PSI+] induction efficiency, Rnq1p aggregate morphology/size and variant dominance. Mating assays demonstrate that gene deletion-induced phenotypic changes are stably inherited in a non-Mendelian manner even after restoration of the deleted gene, confirming that they are due to a bona fide change in the [PIN+] variant. Together, our results demonstrate a role for chaperones in regulating the prion variant complement of a cell.


In this work, we consider homogeneous oscillations of the inflaton field after inflation. In particular, we obtain an analytical result for the (average) equation of state for the oscillating inflaton field for the simplest $\alpha$-attractor T-model. We also study the post-inflationary evolution before inflaton decay. It is possible that during inflaton field oscillation, the (average) equation of state is that of a cosmological constant. This leads to the phenomenon of oscillating inflation. However, we show that the duration of oscillating inflation is very limited.


Gianpaolo Baiocchi Militants and Citizens: The Politics of Participatory Democracy in Porto Alegre. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2003. 224 pp. Luiz Carlos Bresser Pereira Democracy and Public Management Reform: Building the Republican State. New York: Oxford University Press, 2004. 317 pp. Emir Sader A vingança da história. São Paulo: Boitempo Editorial, 2003.199 pp. Angus Wright and Wendy Wolford To Inherit the Earth: The Landless Movement and the Struggle for a New Brazil. Oakland: Food First Books, 2003. 368 pp.


p > 0, while L {1/p} = 1 is not restricted to p > 0. By the Bromwich integral theorem for the Laplace inversion [e.g., see Sneddon, 1972; Spiegel, 1965], it is known that if p is restricted to be greater than zero, 1/p has no singularity and thus L {1/p} does not exist. Likewise, L {[p log(p/l)] } does not exist when p > l > 0. [2] The fact that p > l is not the ''constraint'' of L {[p log(p/l)] } can be further proven by using available inversion formulae. The inversion starts with


Abstract Linear programming has been widely applied in the secondary hardwood dimension manufacturing industries to solve the least-cost lumber grade mix problem, which refers to the search for minimal raw material costs. Most existing models are based on the assumption of a simple linear relationship between lumber grade mix and yield. However, this crucial assumption has never been verified. In this study, the results from a five-factor mixture design statistically proved that none of the cutting bills tested has a simple linear relationship between yield and different lumber grade mixes. It was observed that cutting bill characteristics and lumber quality affect the relationship between yield and lumber grades. Cutting bills that require wider and/or longer parts tend to behave non-linearly. In addition, the more dissimilar lumber grade qualities that are processed, the more likely is the occurrence of a non-linear response. The inability to predict the relationship between yield and lumber grades, coupled with the high percentage of non-simple linear relationships observed in this study, brings into question the validity of the linearity assumption applied in previous linear programming models. Further efforts are needed to construct a new least-cost lumber grade mix model that does not rely on the assumption of a simple linear relationship between lumber grade mix and yield.


In order to study the electronic properties of the recombination centers responsible for the light-induced carrier lifetime degradation commonly observed in high-purity boron-doped Czochralski (Cz) silicon, injection-level dependent carrier lifetime measurements are performed on a large number of boron-doped p-type Cz silicon wafers of various resistivities (1–31 Ω cm) prior to and after light degradation. The measurement technique used is the contactless quasi-steady-state photoconductance method, allowing carrier lifetime measurements over a very broad injection range between 1012 and 1017 cm−3. To eliminate all recombination channels not related to the degradation effect, the difference of the inverse lifetimes measured after and before light degradation is evaluated. A detailed analysis of the injection level dependence of the carrier lifetime change using the Shockley–Read–Hall theory shows that the fundamental recombination center created during illumination has an energy level between Ev+0.35 and E...


Students and teacher's actions for classroom management: A behavioral incidence in language learning is a research project that studies the different issues related to the implementation of five classroom management strategies to work on unexpected behaviors from students and its management in three different courses. This research stems from our teaching practice and observations in second, third, and tenth grade at CAFAM Santa Lucia School. The main goal of this study is to determine the effectiveness of five classroom management strategies to decrease the students' unexpected behaviors, as the violence and lack of interest in the explanation stage. Also, we apply action research as the methodology to gather data on the types of unexpected behaviors in students during the explanation stage. This information allows us to reflect and take action on the strategies we can use to decrease these behaviors.


Leaving aside such historical curiosities as the battaglia genre, the composition of keyboard clusters is a twentieth-century phenomenon that first appears sporadically in early Ives and Ornstein, and comes of age in the work of Henry Cowell. In Cowell's piano piece Amiable Conversation (1922), for example, very wide clusters act as mediators in a dialogue between melodies in different registers. He also devotes about a dozen pages of his book New Musical Resources (New York; London: A. A. Knopf, 1930) to the various types of clusters as well, illuminating them from the standpoint of instrumental technique while also establishing notational practices that have remained more or less the same up to the present day. It seems that composers have revisited this category of sounds on a fairly regular basis, finding new ways to broaden our notion of its expressive potential. Karlheinz Stockhausen subjects the cluster to serial differentiation in Klavierstück X (1961), wherein these massive sounds are intended as counterparts to more durchhörbare (transparently audible) chordal sonorities. Frederic Rzewski's "Winnsboro Cotton Mill Blues" (from North American Ballads, 1979) makes a case for clusters as a lyric device, in the sense that the right elbow is consigned to bringing out a simple melody; though even here the composer relies on the relentlessly mechanical connotations of this resource for programmatic purposes. As a final historical instance, Helmut Lachen mann's Ein Kinderspiel (1980) and Serynade (1998) are works in which the composer subjects clusters to various filtering techniques (by subtracting some notes, providing for artificial resonance by the silent depressing of keys, etc.), in the process going further than his predecessors in emancipating these sounds from connotations of stubbornness, intransigence, and mechanicity. Instead, he strives for a more sober "structural hearing" that, in Lachenmann's preferred terms, suggests possibilities for "perforating" their facade-like character, laying out their hidden dimensions through compositional differentiation. Enter Rebecca Saunders (born 1967), whose varied and impressive catalog is receiving increasing attention on the European continent, especially Germany. Her music is also enjoying more and more performances in her home country, the UK, even as it is largely ignored or unknown in the United States. Her remarkable recent piano duet Choler (2004) and the thematically related solo piano piece Crimson (2004–5) are welcome additions to the keyboard repertoire that also address the developments discussed above. While these pieces are certainly much more than mere studies in cluster, this particular aspect will probably be what demands the greatest amount of attention from performers. The rhythmic challenges are surely unusual as well as daunting, particularly in the such an uncomfortably crowded appearance (see p. 42 and pp. 68–69). The softbacked binding also means that conductors will find it very difficult to get their scores to remain open. There is no mention in the score of the availability, or otherwise, of orchestral parts. This is a pity, as the music deserves to be heard and, in these days of computer-produced scores, there should be no difficulty with the production of performance material. History has not been kind to Horsley's music and no opportunity to assist its rehabilitation should be missed. Whether he should be claimed by Australia, England, or both, is another matter!


A method for determining small quantities of radon is described, in which the alpha particles from the radon and RaA and Rae are counted in an ion-counting chamber. Details of an arrangement for automatically making a printed record of the hourly totaled count are given. Advantages of this method over that using an ionization chamber with electrometer are discussed. CONTENTS Page I. In troductiOlL _______________ _____ ______ __ ___ ____________ _______ ____ _____ ______ __ ____ __ ___ 181 II. Experimental method_ _ ___________ _________ ___ ____ ______________ ___ __ _____ _____ __ _____ 182 III. A pparatus_ _ _ _ ___ __ _____________ ______________ _ _ ________________________________ _____ ___ _ 185 IV. Procedure _ _ _______ _________ ______ __________ _______ __________ ___________________________ __ 190


Through the regular use of what Donald Schon has termed reflection-in-action and reflection-on-action, students can learn to improve their "reflection-in-presentation," in Kathleen Blake Yancey's term. Students are often asked to do this type of reflection-in- presentation as a capstone to first-year or basic writing courses. However, a number of crit- ics have articulated reservations about reflective writing assignments that ask students to assess their progress in writing and, in essence, their cognitive development as they complete a composition or BW course. Laurel Bower (JBW 22.2, 2003), in particular, notes that such end-of-term written work is frequently superficial. This essay focuses on an alternative ap- p roach to reflective writing, one that asks students to examine their own beliefs about writing as well as those of their classmates rather than examining their cognitive development. This shift to reflecting on the epistemological grounding of their experiences as writers, coupled with a semester-long practice in reflection, seems to produce rich, fully developed reflection- in-presentation that offers some anecdotal evidence of knowledge transfer by the students as well as providing an informal outcomes assessment of course objectives for the professor. KE YWORDS: reflection; epistemology; beliefs; outcomes assessment; knowledge transfer


The article considers the problem of importance of innovative forms of practical training of the Russian and Mordovian folklore and literature in the national groups of higher schools. The practical exercises allowing to connect the study of the general laws of the literary process of ideological and aesthetic analysis of specific phenomena of literature are analyzed.


The first aim of this paper is to investigate and analyze Alan Colquhoun's architectural hermeneutics of tradition, 'conceptual displacement of the past.' The second aim is to overcome the limit of it, and to suggest new architectural hermeneutics of tradition, 'the reactivation of the past.' The architectural work is reduced by Colquhoun to typology or arbitrary language because he believes that without arbitrary language natural language is not able to work effectively. However, he ignores that two languages cannot be separable. When they are separated the key to natural language is understood to be an unverifiable similarity between a sense perception and its correspondence in the architectural object, while the key to arbitrary language becomes mere artificial agreement on the value and function of the linguistic sign. Therefore, natural language is appropriate only when it permits spontaneous combinations of sensory data within complex structures which emerge from, and support, complex human interaction and communication(the shining of the world and of the possibility of creative being in each individual thing). Only when architecture is translated into this kind of language, can it reactivate the world's past, and become poetic.


In the current era of digital business ecosystem, firms have been looking for fresh perspectives to frame its business strategies and create value for customers. Competitive advantage can be generated only when the value created by a firm for its customers exceeds the cost of creating such value. Creating value for customers in health insurance has been a strategic priority for insurance firms. Indian health insurance firms are competing in the area of launching new products which are technology driven and are striving to provide more value to the society through their services. This study explored the value creation process in the health insurance industry. Using case study research with health insurance industry as unit of analysis, this study explored the interactions between stakeholders within the boundaries of the health insurance ecosystem. The role of the stakeholders was explicated using the value net framework which categorised them into customers, competitors/substitutes and suppliers. A value creation framework based on stakeholder collaboration was proposed for the health insurance industry which would further enhance the competitive advantage of health insurance firms in India.


Treatment of advanced prostate cancer has improved rapidly in the past two decades with the introduction of many new therapeutics including several entirely new therapeutic classes. Whereas androgen deprivation therapy was previously the first and only line of treatment available, modern therapy also routinely employs second generation anti-androgens, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, radiopharmaceuticals, bone modifying agents, and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors, with a resulting substantial increase in patient survival. This review aims to summarize the current treatment landscape for advanced prostate cancer, with a particular focus on hormone refractory (also known as 'castration resistant') prostate cancer (HRPC), and we hope will serve as a practical guide for clinicians and trainees.


The technical details of the integrated services digital network (ISDN) access protocols for connection control are described. These protocols are the ISDN physical layer, link layer, and layer 3, which are documented in International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee (CCITT) Recommendations I.430, I.441, and I.451, respectively. Other work that supports or enhances these protocols is described. In particular, the ISDN protocol reference model, how it relates to the open systems interconnection reference model, and CCITT Recommendation Q.932 on service feature control on ISDN are discussed. Possible uses of ISDN, possible evolution paths, and some understanding issues related to ISDN are also described. >


Summary

The fat content and fatty acid profiles of 14 varieties of date seeds were measured by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Fat content ranged from just over 5% (w/w) to about 9%. Eleven fatty acids were found with nearly 50% oleic acid in most varieties and an overall range from about 12 to 0.2%.

The differences between samples were ascribed to both varietal and cultural differences. Some varieties had similar names but it is not known whether they are identical.

The uses of dates seeds, which are currently only used for animal feed, is assessed with suggestions for potential uses as sources of edible oils and pharmaceuticals.


We document the presence of asymmetric business cycles in both regular and contract labour markets in India and investigate the role of nominal wage rigidities and labour adjustment costs in accounting for these asymmetries. Using data from Annual Survey of Industries, we find that (i) the growth rate of output is negatively skewed, (ii) the growth of regular employment is negatively skewed while that of contract employment is positively skewed, (iii) the nominal wage growth of regular workers is positively skewed while that of contract workers is negatively skewed. We show that a standard business cycle model augmented with asymmetric wage adjustment cost for both regular and contract labour coupled with symmetric labour adjustment cost for regular workers does a good job of explaining the asymmetries in both output and employment cycles. We also find that the presence of contract labour relaxes the constraint of downward nominal wage rigidity, and hence decreases the optimal level of grease inflation required in the economy.


There are about 7 billion people currently alive. Just above 100 billion people have ever lived (Haub, 2011). Hence, the ratio of people who have ever lived in the past to people living today is only 15 to 1. With 500 million years left of the earth as acceptable habitat for humans, population being stable at a sustainable level of 1 billion with an average life-length of 70 years, the ratio of people who will potentially live in the future to people living now is more than 1 million to 1. Thus, there are many people that might potentially live in the future, and this observation might justify modeling the future as consisting of infinitely many generations.


CAT scan has been used for nearly seven years to demonstrate that amounts of alcohol varying from 20 gm/day up to the volumes consumed by alcoholics, may cause brain damage or be related to it. The effect of diet must be considered in all studies assessing the role of alcohol. It has been shown that abstinence results in improvement of the appearance and the density of the brain, as well as improvement in function. The possibility that alcohol may cause a metabolic block in the metabolism of thiamin has been established and is part of work-in-progress.


Background: Chemerin, an adipokine, may regulate metabolism during pregnancy. The objective of this study was to measure the maternal serum chemerin levels in obese & normal weight cases during normal pregnancy as well as in preeclampsia. Study design: This was a cross sectional study at Mansoura University Hospital, Egypt, including the following groups: 60 cases with non-severe preeclampsia (group 1: obese & group 2: normal weight). 60 cases with severe preeclampsia (group 3: obese & group 4: normal weight). 30 normal pregnant women (group 5: normal weight). Serum chemerin concentrations were assayed with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Statistical analysis was performed by using Statistical Package for Social scientists (SPSS). Results: In cases with preeclampsia, the serum chemerin levels were found to be significantly higher as compared with the normotensive pregnant women. In cases with severe preeclampsia, the serum chemerin levels were significantly higher as compared with the levels in cases with non-severe preeclampsia (p <0.0001). The serum cholesterol, triglycerides & LDL levels were significantly increased in cases with preeclampsia as compared with control group women (p=0.0002), but HDL was significantly decreased (p <0.0001). Conclusion: It is concluded that serum maternal chemerin levels were significantly increased in cases with preeclampsia as compared with the normotensive pregnant women. Chemerin may play an unclear etio-pathological role in the disease either due to direct vasoconstriction of blood vessels or due to limitation of trophoblastic invasion of spiral arteries. *Correspondence to: Ashraf Ahmed Foda, Professor, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com


Since 1972, Family Planning Queensland (FPQ) has been the leading provider of reproductive and sexual health and education services across the state. FPQ is a nonprofit, nongovernment organisation that works in partnership to maximise impact and deliver outcomes. At FPQ, we deliver:  confidential, quality sexual and reproductive health care  expert resources and training in sexual and reproductive health,  personal safety, sexuality and relationships education for professionals, families and communities At FPQ, we support people to:  be safe in all their personal relationships  achieve physical, emotional and social wellbeing in relation to sexuality across their lifespan  understand and have positive, respectful safe sexual experiences, free of coercion, discrimination and violence  access and make informed choices about reproduction and reproductive health Our Values People first Community focus Equity and access Honesty and integrity Safety Innovation


This paper reviewed the history,syndrome standardization,syndrome distribution and evolution law of stroke in meridian and in zang-fu viscera,and the correlation of laboratory indexes.It found that there were special laws of syndrome distribution and evolution both in stroke in meridian and in zang-fu viscera.Although in some respects of TCM syndrome differentiation and its relevance of laboratory indexes research had achieved gratifying resultsstroke,has yet to find the exact specific laboratory indexes which could reflect the essential difference of the stroke syndrome distribution.


The effects of physical training and acute exercise (mechanical treadmill running) on the level of lipid peroxide in skeletal muscle of rats fed vitamin E-deficient or -supplemented diet were studied. 1. The level of lipid peroxide in skeletal muscle of untrained rats was significantly increased immediately after acute exercise (p<0 .05), but physical training suppressed of increase in the level of lipid peroxide and an increase in the activity of superoxide dismutase . These findings were strongly shown in soleus muscle among the muscles examined in this experiment. 2. The level of lipid peroxide in soleus muscle was significantly increased in vitamin Edeficient rats compared to that of control rats (p<0.05). Conversely, the level of lipid peroxide in muscles was significantly depressed by feeding vitamin E -supplemented diet (p<0.05). 3. Dietary vitamin E -supplementation did result in a increase in superoxide dismutase activity of muscle. (Jpn. J. Phys. Fitness Sports Med. 1993, 42 : 69•`81) key words :1) lipid peroxide, 2) acute exercise, 3) physical training , 4) vitamin E, 5) superoxide dismutase.


Education of situation and policy plays an important role in the ideological and political education for university students.The sophisticated domestic and international situation,peculiar content of education and the diversified value of contemporary university students pose new challenge to it.Based on a thorough analysis on the factors affecting the education,we will elaborate on the scientification of education and upgrade its scientific level.


This paper perform the complete computation of the contributions to b→s+γ, b→se +e -,b→s∑v_iv_i in supersymmetric model with bilinear R-parity violation. We compare our calculations with the evaluations in SM and the experimental results. We find that the supersymmetric contributions can be quite large in those processes.


We applaud the efforts of Bernat et al. (1) in trying to define and clarify the different phases of ischaemia during organ donation. Accurate recording of data relating to transplantation is essential for audit and research, and to provide a common language of transplantation yet 50 years after the first successful renal transplant, there is still confusion about the nomenclature of time points in transplantation.


The Lorentz Augmented Orbit (LAO) concept is an electromagnetic propulsion system without a tether that uses the interaction between an electrostatically charged spacecraft and the Earth's magnetic field to provide a useful thrust. In Low Earth Orbit (LEO), the Lorentz force acting on a charged spacecraft flying relative to Earth's magnetic field causes acceleration in a direction perpendicular to both its velocity and the magnetic field. In this paper, the concept of spacecraft propulsion using Lorentz force is investigated for LEO formation flying. A triangular spacecraft formation configuration is used to simulate and validate the advantages and disadvantages of the proposed concept. It is illustrated that simple formation manoeuvres can be performed solely using the Lorentz force.


The PLuTo scheduling algorithm is a well-known algorithm for automatic scheduling in the polyhedral compilation model. It seeks linearly independent affine partition mappings for each statement of a Static Control Program (SCoP), such that total communication is minimized. In this paper we show that this algorithm can be sensitive to the layout of the global constraint matrix thus resulting to varying performances of our target code simply by changing the order of the constraint coefficients. We propose a simple technique that automatically determines the right layout for the constraints and as a result immunizes the PLuTo scheduling algorithm from constraint ordering variations.


In the preceding paper 1, we constructed an automorphism group of a hyperfinite continuous factor which is isomorphic to a given enumerably infinite group G and showed the automorphism group is outer if G is torsion free whereas we have remained open that _1, Theorem 2 is valid without exception. In this note we shall answer the question in affirmative, that is, we shall show the following THEOREM. There is an outer automorphism group of the hyperfinite continuous factor which is isomorphic to the given enumerable group. We use same notations as in 1. X is the product space of E-{0,1} (geG), F is the subset of X composed of the elements x--x such that x-O except for a finite number of g's. A measure m is defined naturally on X and a group of measure preserving transformations (TriTeF} is constructed isomorphically to F. ttence, by the Murray-von Neumann method, a hyperfinite continuous factor A is generated from operators Lx) ((x) denotes bounded measurable functions on X) and Ur ( F) on the Hilbert space H--L(F x X). Furthermore every element go e G gives a measure preserving transformation T0 on X such that XTo= Ex0] for x= [x] and so go induces an automorphism of A such that u/= These automorphisms give the automorphism group in question.


Adsorption properties of wood charcoal prepared by a traditional method are investigated by using CO2 adsorption at 195 K and N2 adsorption at 77 K, focusing on the effects of the treatment temperature. The amount of CO2 adsorbed at 195 K and N2 adsorbed at 77 K increases with treatment temperature. The shape of the N2 adsorption isotherm indicates that the charcoal is predominantly characterized by micropores with the presences of mesopores, when high treatment temperature is applied. At a low treatment temperature, the ratio of nCO2 to nN2 is high, whereas, it approaches to unity at the higher treatment temperature than 773 K. The adsorption of CO2 at 195 K can be used for surface area measurement, in place of N2 adsorption at 77 K, for the charcoal treated higher temperature.


BackgroundCOVID-19 has been circulating worldwide since December 2019. However, its independent risk factors of mortality need further insights in elderly critical COVID-19 patients.MethodsTotally 48 elderly and critically ill COVID-19 patients with clear end point were enrolled when the data were collected, with 16 discharged and 32 died. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression were performed to identify the risk factors of mortality in elderly critical COVID-19 patients. Survival curve was conducted to present the impact of Diabetes Mellitus on mortality. Mann-Whitney U and t tests were used to 39 clinical variates between the survivor and non-survivor groups.ResultsAs Kaplan-Meier analysis confirmed, only three variates Diabetes Mellitus, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and family aggregation showed significant difference between the survivor and non-survivor groups. However, only variate Diabetes Mellitus presented significance in Cox regression. Higher C-reaction protein, interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-8 and creatinine were detected in survivor group than non-survivor group, which was reverse to estimated glomerular filtration rate. The other laboratory finding showed no significant difference between survivor and non-survivor groups.ConclusionsDiabetes Mellitus, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and family aggregation can contribute to mortality by COVID-19 while Diabetes Mellitus also reduces the survival time of elderly and critically ill COVID-19 patients, highlighting the more important role of Diabetes Mellitus. Laboratory findings could not serve as good predictors of death for elderly and critically ill COVID-19 patients.


Human interaction relies on a wide range of signals, including non-verbal cues. In order to develop effective Explainable Planning (XAIP) agents it is important that we understand the range and utility of these communication channels. Our intention is to develop an interactive agent, whose behaviour is conditioned on the affective measures of the user (i.e., explicitly incorporating the user's affective state within the planning model). Accurate prediction of user affective state relies on real-time analysis of various predictors, which can require specialist equipment and calibration. However, the worldwide COVID-19 lockdown has meant that many intended lab-based experiments have now been moved online, making such real-time analysis impractical. As a result, we have developed a website to support a data gathering experiment, including a video stream (for facial expression analysis) with access to mouse positions and task performance, providing rich observations of the users as they interact with the agent and its plan. Underlying this system is the agent's behaviour strategy, which must be computed in advance and captured efficiently. This paper describes the built system and the challenges we faced getting it ready for deployment.


Statement of the Problem: The progression of incipient carious lesions may be simply prevented by non-invasive remineralization of lesions, eliminating the need for invasive and high-cost restorative procedures. Purpose: This study aimed to assess the effect of two commonly used remineralizing agents and resin infiltration on surface micro hardness of incipient enamel lesions at different time points. Materials and Method: In this in vitro study, 45 intact human maxillary central incisors were selected. After disinfection, enamel samples measuring 5x5x2.5 mm were cut out of the labial surface of the teeth. The surface of samples was polished and they were mounted in auto-polymerizing acrylic resin. According to Amaechi's method, samples were immersed in acidified hydroxyethylcellulose system (pH= 4.5) for 96 hours to induce white spot lesions (WSLs). The baseline value of surface micro hardness of samples was measured using a Vickers hardness tester, then the samples were randomly divided into three groups (n=15) based on different remineralization methods: MI-Paste Plus, Remin Pro and ICON-Infiltrant according to the manufacturer's instructions. All samples were stored in anti-dry mouth treatment agent during the experiment and their surface hardness was measured at 15 days (T1) and 20 weeks (T2). Results: The hardness of samples in MI-Paste Plus and Remin Pro groups significantly increased at both T1 and T2 (p< 0.001) but this increase was not significant in ICON group (p> 0.05). Conclusion: MI-Paste Plus and Remin Pro can efficiently increase the hardness of incipient enamel lesions.


Background: With better health care, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has become possible for older patients. These patients have higher prevalence of diastolic dysfunction. However, it is not known if diastolic dysfunction has an impact on prognosis of these patients.

Methods: Retrospective data was obtained for adults (>18 years) that underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation over a period of 1991 - 2012 (22 years). Demographic, echocardiogrpahic and mortality data were obtained. Cox proportional hazard model was used to analyze diastolic dysfunction as a predictor of mortality, graft versus host disease (GVHD), systolic heart failure (ejection fraction ≤50%) and sepsis. Diastolic dysfunction was defined according to American Society of Echocardiography guidelines.

Results: Out of 770 patients (mean age 48.9±13.4, women 47.7%) had 91 (11.8%) patients with pre - transplant diastolic dysfunction. Patients with diastolic dysfunction were more likely to be older, hypertensive, ≥2 comorbidities and suffer from solid organ malignancy (p <0.05). Diastolic dysfunction was associated with GVHD (HR 2.69; 95% CI 1.42 - 5.10, p =0.002), post - transplant systolic heart failure (HR 3.25;95% CI 1.68 - 6.29, p=0.0001), 30 - day rehospitalizations (HR 1.81;95% CI 1.22 - 2.45, p = 0.003) and mortality (HR 2.62;95% CI 2.11 - 3.25, p = 0.0001). However, intensive care unit treatment, length of stay and sepsis were not associated with pre - transplant diastolic dysfunction.

Conclusion: Pre - transplant diastolic dysfunction in this group of patients was associated with worse prognosis after transplantation. These findings might help guide therapies and early treatment/management of these patients, so that these complications might be prevented.


Abstract In this study, to investigate whether the variation of wind direction in the upper tropospheric monsoon over the central and eastern tropical Pacific shows similar characteristics to the classical monsoon region, the authors introduced a wind vector angle methodology that describes the size of the angle of the wind direction variation, as well as the directed rotary angle, which includes not only the size of the angle but also how the wind vector rotates. On this basis, the authors utilized and improved the directed rotary angle methodology to investigate the evolution of wind direction in detail, and the study confirmed the presence of the same four rotation features in the upper tropospheric monsoon region. Furthermore, the authors also identified the precise variation of wind direction in pentads with seasonal evolution, and found the onset time of the upper tropospheric monsoon may be earlier than the classical monsoon while the termination time may be later. The results further support and supplement the theory of global monsoons, which unifies the low-level and upper tropospheric monsoon as one monsoon system.


D R . LONG, who is a graduate in engineering at Renssalaer Institute and in theology at Union Seminary, New York, is now Minister to Students for the Presbyterian Church at Blacksburg, Virginia. This, his second book in the field of science and religion, is, as he says, "a book about other men's books." He analyzes all the book-length writings of natural scientists of the present century who are Americans and who treat of religion. One of the things, by the way, which emerges from this study is the paucity of significant material in comparison with European writers. In eleven chapters Dr. Long classifies his writers into various groups and studies their ideas critically. It is an interesting and t h o r o u g h l y competent piece of work. The concluding chapter is particularly interesting. Here he points out the fact that scientists in their ideas cover the same range as other thoughtful men, and draws the consequence that it is equally foolish to suppose that the scientific spirit makes religious faith impossible or to suppose that religious faith can be proved by quoting a group of scientists. His conclusion is that justice can only be done to the two types of thought by a dialectical method. He holds up as a sound approach the constantly searching balance evidenced in the thought of men like William Louis Poteat and Henry Higgins Lane, who appreciate the difficulties of reconciliation and who are at the same time loyal to both scientific and religious truth. Only in this way can we come in touch with truth as a whole; yet we need not expect even by this method to attain to a resting place in our thought.


The revolution in Biology started earlier with the genetic works of Gregor Mendel (1866), who, through his work with pea breeding, observed the phenomena of dominance and segregation of traits and discovered several laws of heredity. The pioneered endeavor of deciphering the linkage between transmission of heredity and a biomolecule was succeeded by the works of Griffith (1928), Oswald Avery, Colin McLeod, and Marylin McCarty (1944), who demonstrated that the instruction for virulence traits in bacteria was contained in the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecule, as well as Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase (1952), who elegantly proved that the progeny of bacteriophage is propagated after the injection of the bacteriophage's genetic material into the host cell. The hallmark of molecular biology arose in 1953 with the description of the double-helix backbone of DNA by James Watson and Francis Crick, who also described that such a structure may suggest a mechanism of DNA replication (Watson and Crick, 1953). Notably, the deduction of the DNA structure was based on the data of other works by Erwin Chargaff, who determined the base correspondence and ratios in nucleic acid, and by Rosalind Franklin, who obtained DNA fiber images from X-ray diffraction. The elegant genetic experiments from Francois Jacob and Jacques Monod (1961) established the concept of cis-acting elements and the mechanism by which the operator and repressor regulate β-galactosidase expression in Escherichia coli and sugar metabolism (Jacob and Monod, 1961). At same time, Marshal Nirenberg was leading the race to decipher the genetic code (Nirenberg, 2004). By the 1970s, Fred Sanger and Walter Gilbert developed two distinct methodologies for DNA sequencing, which culminated with automated high-throughput DNA sequence analysis, thus opening the door for the genomic revolution and the publication of hundred of genomes, including the human genome. The central dogma of molecular biology, which postulated that DNA directs its own replication and its transcription to yield RNA, which in turn directs its translation to form protein, was wisely proposed by F. Crick in 1958 (Crick, 1970). This also included the "probable transference of information", which we know now as RNA replication and reverse transcription, after the seminal works of D. Baltimore (1970) and J.M. Bishop on the molecular virology of retroviruses and oncogenes (1973). The 'biological revolution' continued forward with important discoveries such as the mechanism by which chromosomes are protected at their ends (the telomeres) against degradation and the


The purpose of this research is 1) Knowing perbedan strategy with Word Crossword Puzzle Square on learning outcomes of the IPA on third-grade students of SD Muhammadiyah Surakarta 3 Nusukan Year 2015/2016. 2) Knowing more effective strategy of using the strategy with Word Crossword Puzzle Square to the learning outcomes IPA IPA on third-grade students of SD Muhammadiyah Surakarta 3 Nusukan Year 2015/2016.
The population is all students of class III A, which consist of 40 students and III B which numbered 40 students of SD Muhammadiyah Surakarta 3 Nusukan Academic Year 2015/2016 and the sample grade students who are 40 students IIIA and IIIB numbering 40 students of SD Muhammadiyah Surakarta 3 Nusukan Academic year 2015/2016.
Analysis of the data using the t test, preceded by the prerequisite test is a test of normality and homogeneity test. Based on the analysis, there is a difference between a strategy with the strategy Crossword Puzzle Word Square on learning outcomes IPA Class III SD Muhammadiyah Surakarta 3 Nusukan Year 2015/2016 can be accepted. It is shown Value tcount> t table (4.489> 2.021). The conclusion of this study were 1) There is a difference between a strategy with the strategy Crossword Puzzle Word Square on learning outcomes IPA Class III SD Muhammadiyah Surakarta 3 Nusukan Year 2015/2016 can be accepted. 2) Strategy Puzzle Corssword greater influence in improving learning outcomes IPA Class III SD Muhammadiyah 3 Nusukan, Surakarta Year 2015/2016.


The utility model provides a die for thermally bending an angle steel and belongs to the technical field of angle steel dies. The die comprises an angle steel die arranged on a frame of a pressing machine and a stamping die arranged on a stamping slipper of the pressing machine, wherein the angle steel die is provided with a bending angle, the stamping die comprises a stamping plate and an ejecting plate, the stamping plate is provided with an opening which fits with the angle steel die, the opening is bridged at the corner of the bending angle, and the ejecting plate is fixedly arranged on the stamping plate. The die for thermally bending the angle steel has a simple structure, improves the accuracy of thermally bending the angle steel and increases the production efficiency.