Objective
To investigate the effects of high glucose and glucose fluctuation on the apoptosis of MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts.

Methods
MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts cultured in vitro were divided into control, N-acetyl-L-cysteine(NAC)group, high glucose(HG), HG+ NAC, glucose fluctuation(GF), and GF+ NAC groups. Cell proliferation was examined by CCK-8 analysis. The apoptosis rates of cells in different groups were measured by flow cytometry, which was stained with Annexin V-FITC/PI. The protein expressions of Bax and Bcl-2 were detected by Western blot. DCFH-DA probe was used to measure reactive oxygen species(ROS)level.

Results
Compared with control group, the proliferation rates of cells in HG and GF groups were significantly declined(P<0.01), especially more obviously in GF group(P<0.05). The apoptosis rates in HG and GF groups were higher than that in control group(P<0.05 or P<0.01), being higher in GF group than in HG group(P<0.01). The protein expressions of Bcl-2 were decreased in HG and GF groups compared with control group(P<0.01)while Bax expression was raised(P<0.05 or P<0.01). Compared with HG group, Bcl-2 expression was lower and Bax expression was higher in GF group(P<0.05). HG and GF promoted the production of ROS, especially the latter. NAC suppressed the production of ROS, increased Bcl-2 expression, while decreased Bax expression, and ameliorated the elevated cell apoptosis rate.

Conclusion
Glucose fluctuation aggravates high glucose-induced oxidative stress, which contributes to the declined proliferation and increased apoptosis of MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts. (Chin J Endocrinol Metab, 2018, 34: 67-71)

Key words:
High glucose; Osteoblasts; Oxidative stress; Apoptosis


The level of the mitotic activating tyrosine phosphatase cdc25 is regulated by both transcriptional and post‐transcriptional mechanisms in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. We have found that cdc25 is ubiquitinated and have cloned pub1, a gene which regulates this event. Pub1 contains a region highly homologous to the putative catalytic domain of the human protein ubiquitin ligase E6‐AP. Disruption of pub1 elevates the level of cdc25 protein in vivo rendering cells relatively resistant to the cdc25‐opposing tyrosine kinases wee1 and mik1. In addition, loss of wee1 activity in a pub1‐disruption background results in a lethal premature entry into mitosis which can be rescued by loss of cdc25 function. A ubiquitin‐thioester adduct of pub1 was isolated from fission yeast and disruption of pub1 dramatically reduced ubiquitination of cdc25 in vivo. These results suggest that pub1 directly ubiquitinates cdc25 in vivo.


The oxidative coupling of methane utilizes both true surface catalysis and intermediate reactions in the associated gas phase. Depending on the reaction conditions and the catalyst employed, surface and gas-phase reactions are uniquely influential in the overall reaction scheme. Just how influential each is compared with the other has been the focus of work by chemical engineering professor Eduardo E. Wolf of the University of Notre Dame. Wolf told the recent PACIFICHEM '89 conference in Honolulu that experiments conducted without a catalyst showed the importance of the gas-phase reactions above 650 °C where the partial pressure of reactants exceeds 40% of the total pressure and residence times are longer than 0.1 minute. Comparison of the selectivity to C 2 hydrocarbons for various catalysts suggests that the selectivity of some catalysts reported in the literature is lower than the selectivity obtained without a catalyst. Wolf conducted his experiments in a quartz flow reactor with oxygen as the ...


Based on the nonlinear relationship of permeability velocity and hydraulic gradient,four non-Darcy seepage models were summarized to investigate the permeability behavior of soft soil under consolidation pressure.The consolidation-permeability combined test was performed on Xiaoshan clay sample using GDS advanced consolidation testing system, including several stages of constant head test.The behavior parameters of four non-Darcy seepage models were obtained by analyzing the permeability velocity and hydraulic gradient.Fitting results of three non-Darcy seepage models including three-parameter model,power exponent model and two-section model were pretty good,and broken-line model could be simplified to the forms of linear permeability model and Darcy model.All the four models are suitable for describing the non-Darcy seepage behavior of Xiaoshan clay.


The neodymium-doped lanthanum beryllate (La$sub 2$Be$sub 2$O$sub 5$ : Nd$sup 3+$ or BEL : Nd) laser crystal is monoclinic, space group C$sub 2$/subh/ $sup 6$-C2/c. The fundamental vibration directions of light and the corresponding refractive indices have been determined as a function of wavelength. At 1 $mu$m the indices are n/subX/=1.9641, n/subY/=1.9974, and n/subZ/=2.0348. The energy levels of Nd$sup 3+$ for the five lowest manifolds are presented. The low concentration limit for the Nd$sup 3+$ $sup 4$F$sub 3$/$sub 2$ fluorescent lifetime in this crystal is 150 $mu$sec and the two observed laser transitions have stimulated emission cross sections of 2.1x10$sup -19$ cm$sup 2$ for EparallelX and 1.5x10$sup -19$ cm$sup 2$ for EparallelY. The laser wavelengths are 1.070 and 1.079 $mu$m, respectively. In laser testing a higher slope efficiency was obtained in La$sub 2$Be$sub 2$O$sub 5$ : Nd than in Y$sub 3$Al$sub 5$O$sub 12$ : Nd (YAG : Nd). A Q-switched output of 450 mJ from a 6.4-mm-diam by 76-mm-long X-axis rod of BEL : Nd has been achieved for the 1.079-$mu$m transition, while a YAG : Nd rod of the same size in the same system yielded 160 mJ. The higher Q-switched output in BEL : Nd is consistent withmore » the lower stimulated emission cross sections as compared to that of YAG : Nd.« less


If a concatenative speech synthesis system uses more short speech segments, it increases the potential to generate natural speech because the concatenation variation becomes greater. Recently, a synthesis approach was proposed in which very short (5 ms) segments are used [T. Hirai and S. Tenpaku, 5th ISCA Speech Synthesis Workshop, pp. 37–42 (2004), http://www.ssw5.org/]. In that approach, the target cost (how close a database segment is to desired segment) was defined as the simple average of the root mean squares (rms's) of the difference between the features of the database segment and the desired segment for simplicity. Therefore, it has been expected to optimize the weight of each rms. A Japanese speech database was used to optimize the weights and to evaluate its effects. For corpus construction, 150 utterances were selected from the database. Ten other utterances were selected randomly for generation of feature time series as natural targets for synthesis. Half of them were used for optimization us...


Directed evolution of N‐carbamyl‐d‐amino acid amidohydrolase from Agrobacterium tumefaciens NRRL B11291 was attempted in order to simultaneously improve oxidative and thermal stability. A mutant library was generated by DNA shuffling, and positive clones with improved oxidative and thermal stability were screened on the basis of the activity staining method on a solid agar plate containing pH indicator (phenol red) and substrate ( N‐carbamyl‐d‐ p‐hydroxyphenylglycine). Two rounds of directed evolution resulted in the best mutant 2S3 with a significantly improved stability. Oxidative stability of the evolved enzyme 2S3 was about 18‐fold higher than that of the wild type, and it also showed an 8‐fold increased thermostability. The Km value of 2S3 was comparable to that of wild‐type enzyme, but kcat was slightly decreased. DNA sequence analysis revealed that six amino acid residues (Q23L, V40A, H58Y, G75S, M184L, and T262A) were substituted in 2S3. From the mutational analysis, four mutations (Q23L, H58Y, M184L, and T262A) were found to lead to an improvement of both oxidative and thermal stability. Of them, T262A had the most significant effect, and V40A and G75S only increased the oxidative stability.


Examines the concepts of value and information in terms of management. Although changes in information technology are the major themes, changes in the marketplace and the challenges facing marketing are also discussed. Examines value‐based marketing and its usefulness to customers, as well as the consequences of customers' needs, as related to corporate and product credibility. Organizational structure, and its relation to strategic direction, is considered within this context. Concludes that both the concept of the virtual corporation, and the switch in emphasis from marketplace to marketspace, have been advanced.


Implementation of authentic assessment is motivated by the emergence of a curriculum change from KTSP curriculum into the curriculum 2013. Curriculum 2013 seeks to enhance authentic assessment standards that emphasize on learning outcomes. This study aims to determine the implementation of authentic assessment on the Curriculum 2013 in state senior high school / SMA Negeri 1 Hutabargot, Mandailing Natal district. The research applies a descriptive qualitative method. The research subject is a teacher of Islamic education in state senior high school / SMA Negeri 1 Hutabargot, Mandailing Natal district who is known as a State Civil Apparatus. Data are collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results reveal that the implementation of authentic assessment on the Curriculum 2013 is appropriate to its techniques, instruments, and processes. Attitude assessment is obtained from observation using a checklist, while knowledge assessment is obtained from verbal and written tests, and skills assessment is obtained from a test, a scale list.


How will the reunification of Korea impact the population and enable them to confront their history and recognize themselves as citizens of a new Unified Korea? As cultural identity is ubiquitous in intercultural communication and across social science disciplines, this study seeks to analyze the formation of different identities in both North Korea and South Korea during the almost 70 years of division. This analysis will focus on the distinct interpretations of three major topics by both Koreas: 1) Korean Mythology, specifically, the Myth of Dangun, 2) the Perceived Meaning of Independence, and 3) the Korean War-comparisons which have been ignored by most of the research to date related to the Korean Peninsula. Intercultural communication attempts to establish reciprocity through the exchange of information and values between parties hitherto unknown to each other. In this process, it is vital to examine which historical elements of the Koreas that can be employed to reduce nationalistic and ethnocentric views and stereotypes, to develop mutual positive perceptions, to promote reconciliation, and to facilitate conflict resolution and form common regional perspectives. This study will focus on ideology, individual identity and intercultural communication to analyze the current relationship between the history education and social identity formation of both Koreas. As such, it will examine how each social identity formation can provide narratives about the transformation of former enemy groups from enmity to being considered members of the same society. Korostelina describes North Korean history education as an example of the impact that * This work was previously presented at the 12 International Conference of Korean Studies on August 20~21, 2015 at the University of Vienna, Austria. Received December 31 2015; Revised version received January 31 2016; Accepted February 15 2016 S/N Korean Humanities, Volume 2 Issue 1(March 2016) pp.105~121∣ISSN 2384-0668 / E-ISSN 2384-0692 http://dx.doi.org/10.17783/IHU.2016.2.1.105 c 2016 IHU


Compared to single-modality magnetic resonance (MR) image super-resolution (SR) methods, multi-modality MR image methods can utilize high-resolution reference modality (e.g., T1 modality) to provide valuable complementary information for low-resolution target modality (e.g., T2 modality) in SR reconstruction, which can further improve the quality of the SR images. Although they have achieved impressive results, these methods still suffer from the following drawbacks: (1) They can only handle fixed integer upsampling factors, such as 2X, 3X, and 4X, and require training and storing corresponding models for each upsampling factor, which is infeasible in clinical practice; (2) They only perform feature extraction and reconstruction in the image domain. However, the aliasing artifacts produced in the image domain are structural and non-local. Therefore, using only the image domain cannot effectively reconstruct high-quality aliasing-free SR images. To address these issues, we develop a brand-new Dual-Domain Implicit Network (DuDoINet) for multi-modality MR image arbitrary-scale SR. Specifically, we propose a dual-domain learning scheme for multi-modality MR image SR, which allows the network to sufficiently exploit the frequency and image domain information in MR images. In addition, we design implicit attention to achieve arbitrary-scale upsampling of MR images, which utilizes a continuously differentiable function that generates pixel values from pixel coordinates. Furthermore, we designed a deformable cross-modality attention mechanism that can adaptively transfer high-frequency details from the T1 to the T2 modality, better integrating valuable complementary information from the T1 modality. Extensive and comprehensive experiments on healthy subjects and patient datasets demonstrate that our DuDoINet outperforms SOTA methods, demonstrating its great potential for clinical practice.


Abstract Pohlia australis, a new gemmiferous species, is described from the South Island, New Zealand. A key is provided to distinguish the three New Zealand species of Pohlia bearing axillary gemmae (P. australis, P. camptotrachela, and P. ochii). Pohlia tenuifolia, formerly thought to be endemic to Australasia, is reported from two localities in South America (Chile and Brazil).


During investigations of donor-acceptor recombination radiation in II-VI compounds that are photoexcited with radiation of photon energy in excess of the band gap, the authors have found that the ODMR signals decrease in intensity as the excitation power is increased, and that for sufficiently high laser power the signals disappear completely. This behaviour is shown to be consistent with the concept of well-defined pair recombination, which has been found necessary to account for previous ODMR phenomena in II-VI materials, and has important practical consequences for these investigations.


Interstellar dust can enter the solar system through the relative motion of the Sun with respect to the Local Interstellar Cloud. The trajectories of the dust through the solar system are not only influenced by gravitation and solar radiation pressure forces, but also by the Lorentz forces due to the interaction of the interplanetary magnetic field with the charged dust particles. The interplanetary magnetic field changes on two major time scales: 25 days (solar rotation frequency) and 22 years (solar cycle). The short‐term variability averages out for regions that are not too close (>∼2 AU) to the Sun. This interplanetary magnetic field variability causes a time‐variability in the interstellar dust densities, that is correlated to the solar cycle.In this work we characterize the flow of interstellar dust through the solar system using simulations of the dust trajectories. We start from the simple case without Lorentz forces, and expand to the full simulation. We pay attention to the different ways of mod...


Aims: This study aimed to evaluate past midterm multiple-choice question (MCQ) examinations in oral and the maxillofacial radiology course by identifying item-writing flaws (IWFs) along with cognitive level of each item as defined by Bloom's Taxonomy. Afterward, the quality of MCQs is determined by the Facility Index (FI) and Discrimination Index (DI) before and after removal of IWFs. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in the Dental School of Riyadh ELM university, Riyadh, KSA. It consisted of reviewing the past midterm MCQ examinations of last semester (2nd semester 2016—2017) in three courses, namely advanced radiology (MidT1) for Level 12 dental students, radiographic interpretation of oral and maxillofacial radiology for level 8 dental students (MidT2), and finally, radiation physics and techniques for Level 5 dental students (MidT3). Identification of IWFs as well as cognitive level of MCQs was determined and then the quality of MCQ examinations was determined by FI and DI before and after removal of IWFs. Results: A total of 120 MCQs were evaluated and revised. The overall percentage of IWFs was 55%. In cognitive-level analysis, there was an increase in lower levels after removal of the IWFs from 68% to 88% and decrease in higher cognitive levels from 33% to 13%. The FI average level was increased after removal of IWFs from 50% to 55%, 77.5%, and 80% in MidT2, MidT5, and MidT6, respectively. DI average level also increased after removal of IWFs from 20% to 30% and finally from 42.5% to 57.5%. Conclusion: After removal of IWFs, cognitive levels as well as FI and DI were improved.


It discusses a technique of making thermal sensitive resistance digital by means of PIC timer.The technique uses PIC single chip and puts several resistances and capacitances peripherally so that it can make thermal sensitive digital.At the same time,PIC single chip can accept and process all kinds of orders from a computer,causing thermal sensitive resistance digital and intelligent.A technique of making thermal sensitive resistance digital has been used in temperature remote control system.Using this technique,there are the simple theory,high measure precision,convenient communication with a computer,and the high ratio of performance to price.


Tristrimethylsilyl-3-amino-4-hydroxybenzoic acid was condensed with various aromatic acetoxy carboxylic acid chlorides in Marlotherms-S® at 20–350°C. Under these conditions formation of an amide group, ring closure to benzoxazole groups and polycondensation occur step by step in a "one-pot procedure". The crude polyesters were hydrolyzed to yield pure 2-(hydroxyaryl) benzoxazole-5-carboxylic acids which were acetylated and polycondensed. The pure polyesters obtained in this way were characterized by viscosity and DSC measurements, WAXS-powder patterns, and thermogravimetric analyses. The polyester of 2-(4-hydrophenyl) benzoxazole-5-carboxylic acid has a degree of crystallinity > 90% and a short term in thermostability in air up to 500°C.


Aircraft Carrier landing approach makes unique demands upon a Naval Aircraft by restricting the maximum permissible angle of attack and approach speed during landing. For a fixed geometry, these factors define the maximum landing weight of the vehicle due to aerodynamics. As new mission requirements for carrier based vehicles evolve and new subsystems are deployed, the ability to meet the carrier approach requirements becomes more challenging with a vehicle's existing high lift system. To meet these future demands, the benefits of synthetic jet flow separation control for lift augmentation was investigated through wind tunnel testing of a quarter scale thin wing fighter aircraft with simple hinged flaps. A system of synthetic jet flow control actuators was installed in the hingeline of the plain trailing edge flap to provide tangential blowing over the flap upper surface. Tests were performed in the Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Company Low Speed Wind Tunnel at the carrier approach condition to determine the trimmed lift benefits. In order to demonstrate system feasibility, jet exit parameters such as slot height, jet velocity and jet momentum were scaled to model scale conditions. In addition, steady blowing over the trailing edge flap was assessed. A variety of synthetic jet and steady blowing parameters were tested over a range of angle of attack to explore flow control strategies for trailing edge flap deflections of 20, 30 and 40 degrees. Results show that flow control at the hingeline of the trailing edge flap affects the pressure distribution over the entire wing upper surface to produce a positive lift increment and nose up pitching moment at the approach condition. Overall, the results show that the existing synthetic jet actuators are capable of providing a significant trimmed lift benefit on a full-scale thin wing fighter aircraft with simple hinged flaps at the carrier approach condition.


In this article,the significance and disadvantage of pulp bleaching,and the influence of pulp bleaching for nature resources and zoology environment and social environment were discussed.At the same time,the significance of debasing paper's whiteness and the environment reasons of developing unbleached and low whiteness paper were introduced in this paper.


This paper presents a diagnosis method for gate delay faults in the presence of clock delay faults. The method deduces candidate faults using a single gate delay fault dictionary and a single clock delay fault dictionary, which contain the information of latest transition time of signals as well as output logic values. To reduce the diagnostic ambiguity we remove those faults from the candidate fault list which provide a contradiction between the circuit responses and responses stored in the dictionary. Since the dictionary is not generated by considering the simultaneous existence of a gate delay fault and a clock delay fault, some heuristic parameters are introduced in order to compensate the difference between the dictionaries and the responses in a circuit under diagnosis.


Abstract : This report provides the results of a study conducted to determine the effectiveness of catalytic oxidation for destroying vapor phase chlorinated hydrocarbons. The study was conducted on two pilot scale catalytic incinerator systems leased from vendors. One system employed a metal oxide catalyst in a fluidized bed configuration. The other system used a fixed bed proprietary catalyst, supplemented with UV light and ozone injection. Both systems were tested under a variety of temperatures and space velocities. The test vapor streams consisted of low concentrations (3 to 200 ppmv) mixtures of organic compounds, and included three streams which represented the emissions from air strippers used to treat contaminated groundwater at U.S. Air Force bases. The study results showed that the fluidized bed catalytic incinerator system was capable of achieving total organic destruction efficiencies of greater than 98%. The UV/ozone catalytic system failed to achieve high destruction efficiencies; with ozone injection, total destruction was 75%; without ozone, the maximum destruction efficiency was 64%.


Ground-based remote sensing of the atmosphere at millimeter waves is widely used at present for investigation of stratospheric ozone and other trace gases [1, 2]. Millimeter wave techniques in this investigation have to provide for both receiver low noise in the broad band of frequencies and low systematic instrumental errors which finally determine sensitivity of the system. In this paper we present the 3mm-wave radiometer designed for spectroscopic observations of atmospheric ozone and carbon monoxide thermal emission lines at frequencies from 90 to 116 GHz. The construction, observing technique and calibration method used are described. Ozone and carbon monoxide spectral lines were measured at frequencies 110.836 and 115.271 GHz, respectively. On basis of observed lines we have carried out the comparative analysis of the experimental and calculated sensitivity of the radiometer.


Abstract The type of school construction suitable for a triadic approach to teaching is looked at in this paper. The author then considers the whole philosophical basis for this triadic approach. He divides words into categories of feeling, rationality and imagination. Throughout that part of the paper the words in these categories, as he explains, are marked in the text as follows: feeling underlined (eg 'ethical') rationality dotted underlined (eg 'logical') imagination dashed underlined (eg 'aesthetic')


Injury to the upper cervical spine resulting in a separate odontoid process and atlanto-axial dislocation presents a serious problem. The patient may survive the initial episode and the injury may remain undetected and untreated. A sudden recurrence of the deformity may produce signs of damage to the spinal cord, or, over a period of many months or years, evidence of cord damage may slowly develop as the result of recurrent gliding of the atlas on the axis, with consequent narrowing of the vertebral canal. Corner, 8 in 1907, describing a series of patients with dislocation of the atlas, recorded the case of a young woman in whom signs of damage to the upper cervical cord developed 1 year after fracturing the odontoid process, with death occurring 14 months following the injury. This author stressed the possibility of delayed myelopathy resulting from abnormality produced by trauma at the atlanto-axial level. Recognizing the significance of dislocation of the atlas on the axis associated with odontoid fracture, Mixtcr and Osgood 1~ in 1910 successfully treated 1 patient by operation in which, by means of a stout braided silk suture, the posterior arch of the atlas was firmly fixed to the spine of the axis. In 1913, Elliott and Sachs s reported the case of a man, aged 50, who had had a fracture of the odontoid process some 33 years before his final hospital admission, in the authors' words "a long earthly existence with a broken neck." Autopsy revealed a pseudo-arthrosis between the body of the axis and the odontoid, the latter being ankylosed with the arch of the atlas. Sections of the spinal cord showed that the crossed pyramidal tracts were completely degenerated and atrophic. Similar spinal cord degeneration was found by List ~ in 1941, the result of cord compression by abnormalities, such as a loose odontoid, in the region of the foramen magnum and upper cervical spine. Bachs el al., 1 in 1955, reported finding in the literature only 9 cases of delayed myclopathy following atlanto-axial dislocation associated with a displaced odontoid process. These authors added 1 more case to the series but, unfortunately, autopsy was not permitted. However, in recording 3 cases from the literature in which autopsy was performed, mention was made of demyelination, disintegration and glial reaction within the spinal cord and thickening of the pia mater and arachnoid. The present case likewise demonstrates the extent to which the cord may be damaged by atlanto-axial dislocation, the result of an injury some 35 years before the onset of symptoms.t


: One of the most dangerous respiratory diseases is pneumonia, one of the ten leading causes of death globally. Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) is a common infection in hospitals, which is the second most common nosocomial infection and causes inflammation parenchyma. In Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), we have various risk factors, including age and gender, and also some specific risk factors. Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is one of the deadliest nosocomial infections. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, VAP is pneumonia that develops about 48 hours of an artificial airway. Bacterial, viral, parasitic, primordial, and other species can cause these diseases. We discuss bacterial factors. Our goal is to gather information about HAP, CAP, and VAP to give people specific information. In this study, these three issues have been examined together, but in similar studies, each of them has been examined separately, and our type of study will be more helpful in diagnosis and treatment.


I characterize moral intuitionism as the methodological claim that one may legitimately appeal to moral judgments in the course of moral reasoning even when those judgments are not supported by inference from other judgments. I describe two patterns of criticism of this method: 'morally unserious' criticisms, which hold that 'morality is bunk', so appeals to moral intuitions are bunk as well; and 'morally serious' criticisms, which hold that morality is not bunk, but that appeals to moral intuition are nonetheless misguided. I consider morally serious criticisms of Kantian and Aristotelian provenance, but defend the intuitionist method from both.


The novel‐corona‐virus is presently accountable for 547,782 deaths worldwide. It was first observed in China in late 2019 and, the increase in number of its affected cases seriously disturbed almost every nation in terms of its economical, structural, educational growth. Furthermore, with the advancement of data‐analytics and machine learning towards enhanced diagnostic tools for the infection, the growth rate in the affected patients has reduced considerably, thereby making it critical for AI researchers and experts from medical radiology to put more efforts in this side. In this regard, we present a controlled study which provides analysis of various potential possibilities in terms of detection models/algorithms for COVID‐19 detection from radiology‐based images like chest x‐rays. We provide a rigorous comparison between the VGG16, VGG19, Residual Network, Dark‐Net as the foundational network with the Single Shot MultiBox Detector (SSD) for predictions. With some preprocessing techniques specific to the task like CLAHE, this study shows the potential of the methodology relative to the existing techniques. The highest of all precision and recall were achieved with DenseNet201 + SSD512 as 93.01 and 94.98 respectively.


An investigation into three-layers broadband, dual polarised and proximity-coupled microstrip antennas with improved beam forming and gain capabilities for direct-to-home (DTH) satellite reception has been carried out. The desired improvements were achieved by inserting, on an additional substrate, four square shaped elements which are electromagnetically coupled to the dual polarised main antenna element on a lower substrate. The level of the radiation pattern is less than -12 dB compared to -5 dB at the boundary angle 40/spl deg/ of a 65 cm parabolic reflector. Besides, the maximal gain of configuration BEAM has been increased more than 3 dB up to 10.03 dB. More work is still in progress to improve the connection between SMA connectors and striplines in order to measure the gain and the radiation pattern of configuration BEAMSLOT.


Solidus Lines', J. Appl. Phys, vol. 39, No. 4, pp. 2094-2097, (1968). Primary Examiner-Alfred E. Smith Assistant Examiner-Janice A. Howell 57 ABSTRACT A method for ore prospecting comprises: locating the ore body, determining the concentration values of a selected chemical element at two positions in the ore body; measuring the distance between the two posi tions; estimating the freezing segregation behavior of the selected element during the freezing of the ore body; and from the determined concentration values, measured distance, and estimated freezing segregation behavior calculating the size of the ore body.


In this paper it was analyzed the data of supplementary immunization in Fujian province from 1997 to 1998.The results showed that the number of the children,who ought to be vaccinated,was 1426243 persons,and the reported immunization cover rate was 96 2% in the first time.But in the second time,they were 1450049 persons,97 6%,respectively.It came to the expected purpose.All of the above indicate that it was an effective measure to eliminate the poliomyelitis that combing the routine immunization with supplementary immunization.


Dr. Alexander Kriebitz is a political scientist, who studies the overlap of international law, business ethics and international relations. His current project is a re-examination of the business and human rights discourse and the division of labor between states and companies in fulfilling human rights responsibilities. More generally, his research interests include the ethical conduct of technological and commercial exchange with authoritarian regimes. His regional focus lies on Xinjiang and North Korea. Following reports on escalating human rights violations in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (XUAR), the West has responded with economic sanctions on organizations and individuals involved in atrocity crimes including an American embargo of goods manufactured by forced labor of Uyghurs and other ethnic minorities. In order to substantiate the debate on the utility of sanctioning the XUAR, the following article sheds light onto the political, economic, and human rights implications of the imposed measures. The preliminary ob-servations discussed in the article point at the practical limitations of sanctioning entities at a subnational level, reveal how economic and political costs reduce the size of the sanctioning coalition, and suggest that the current sanctions framework enhances the relative power of state-affiliated agents within Xinjiang's political economy vis-à-vis private sector entities.


Abstract. A systematic study is presented for the three genera of the braconid tribe Odontobraconini (Doryctinae) occurring in the Western Hemisphere: Odontobracon Cameron, Nervellius Roman, and Holcobracon Cameron. Nineteen species are described, of which eight are new. Keys for separating the world genera of the Odontobraconini and for distinguishing the species of the above three genera are provided.


The crystal structures of the title compound (1) and its hydrobromide (2) and methobromide (3) salts have been determined by X-ray crystallography in order to investigate the changes which take place in structure (1) on salt formation. Crystals of both (1) and (2) are monoclinic, with space group P21/c and Z= 4, and having unit cell dimensions respectively a= 12.021(1), b= 8.117(1), c= 13.562(2)A, β= 115.72(1)°, and a= 10.133(2), b= 16.965(4), c= 8.277(2)A, β= 102.55(2)°. Crystals of (3) are triclinic, space group P, and with Z= 2 in a unit cell of dimensions a= 7.929(2), b= 14.480(2), c= 6.549(1)A, α= 90.12(1), β= 98.56(2), γ= 95.37(2)°. Structure (1) was solved by direct methods, and (2) and (3) by the heavy-atom Patterson method; refinements were to R 0.041 for 2 165 independent refelctions in (1), to R 0.047 for 1 855 in (2), and to R 0.032 for 2 754 in (3). There is a systematic increase in CN bond length along the series; all such distances are longer, however, than normal values, as substantiated by vCN frequencies below 1 600 cm–1 in the i.r. spectra. Bond parameters for the pyran ring show an increase in pyrylium character on salt formation, the effect being largest in (3). Increased positive charge on the pyran rings in (2) and (3) is confirmed by shifts in their 1H and 13C n.m.r. signals relative to (1), though these reveal no obvious distinction between the two salts. There is a relatively short [2.34(4)A] linear N–H ⋯ Br hydrogen bond in the hydrobromide. Structural and spectroscopic data support an inversion mechanism for isomerisation about the CN bond in the imine (1), consistent with the observed low ΔG‡ value, while isomerisation in the two salts (with higher ΔG‡ values) is probably by a different mechanism.


gave its contribute in this selection activity. Unfortunately, we did not find any suitable application for the roster planning phase. The reason originated from the many rules that must be applied for the roster definition at Alitalia. FCO consequently asked the IT Department, through the client manager, to develop such module. ROR was immediately involved in this new project. We started a taskforce that involved three different offices: ROR, FCO and IASI-CNR (Institute of System Analysis and Computer Science of the Italian National Research Council). First we defined a document for the functional specifics. The focus of the document was on the description of the output of one main function: build the roster. We wrote all the rules that the roster have to respect (the hard rules) and all the rules for making good rosters (soft rules). We didn't take care of the IT project specifics (user interface and data linkages), since a concurrent IT project for the overall system implementation was active. This way of defining the specifics ‐ looking as much as possible at the output rather that at the process ‐ appeared as a key factor for the application of OR techniques. If fact we were not compelled to re-implement in the solution algorithm the same approach the users were adopting for manually building the rosters. This specifics had also the feature that they could be easily discussed with trade unions, that are always interested in the roster itself rather than in the processes for building the rosters. A potential breakthrough in the FCO process flow come out of this observation: an automated system for roster building can guarantee a predefined quality level in the rosters it produces; if the trade unions accept this automatic process they do not need to validate anymore each single roster and both trade unions and FCO could save a significant amount of time today spent in rosters signing up. Honestly, since now this goal has not been caught, but the idea is still valid. The tip is that an optimization software can save working time not only by simply replacing "manual" activities, but also it can provoke even larger benefits in other related activities.


Abstract : This Data Provisioning report consists of 46 presentation slides from the Proceedings of the 3rd Simulation Based Acquisition conference, held on 15 -17 May 2OO1. The conference was sponsored by NDIA. The original document contains color images.


Algorithms for determining the generating function and the predictor for some nonfull-rank multivariate stationary stochastic processes are obtained. In fact, it is shown that the well-known algorithms given by Wiener and Masani [Acts Math., 99 (1958), pp. 93–137] for the full-rank case are valid in certain nonfull-rank cases exactly in the same form.


Active development of extra-articular, low-traumatic methods of surgical treatment of congenital dislocation of the femur has reduced the number of such postoperative complications as relaxation, decentration, and aseptic necrosis of the femoral head by now. As a rule, the main focus of research is on surgeries with correction of the pelvic and femoral components. But it is not uncommon that even correctly performed open reduction of congenital dislocation of the femur and restoration of proper coaptation of the articular surfaces end in failure. Lateroposition, decentration, or even reluxation occur either immediately after removal of the plaster immobilization or in the course of active physical and mechanical therapy. One of the main reasons for such failures is the imbalance between the internal and external rotators of the femur that occurs after correction of the anteversion angle.


AIM
To investigate whether oseltamivir enhances the anticoagulant effect of warfarin and to evaluate any pharmacokinetic (PK) interaction between the agents.

METHODS
Twenty volunteers (mean age 62 years) receiving daily warfarin and with INR values of 2.0-3.5 during the previous 2 weeks were randomized to concomitant oseltamivir 75 mg twice daily for 4.5 days or warfarin alone in a two-way cross-over design with a 4-8 day wash-out. Anticoagulant effects were assessed by calculating overall [AUEC(0,96 h)] and observed maximum effect (E(max) ) increase from baseline in INR, decrease from baseline in factor VIIa, and change in vitamin K₁ concentrations. Plasma pharmacokinetics of (R)- and (S)-warfarin and oseltamivir were also assessed.

RESULTS
For both treatments, changes in INR and factor VIIa during treatment were small; for net AUEC(0,96 h), least square mean values were -9.53 (oseltamivir + warfarin) and -1.69 h (warfarin alone) for INR (difference -7.84 h, 90% CI -18.86, 3.17 h), and 1.56 and 0.54 kIU l⁻¹ h, respectively, for factor VIIa (difference, 1.01 kIU l⁻¹ h; 90% CI -1.18, 3.21). Differences between the treatments in E(max) increase from baseline for INR, decrease from baseline for factor VIIa and change from baseline in vitamin K₁ concentration were not statistically significant. Oseltamivir did not alter warfarin pharmacokinetics. Oseltamivir was well tolerated in this study with no clinically significant adverse safety findings.

CONCLUSION
Concomitant administration of oseltamivir for 4.5 days to volunteers on daily warfarin had little or no effect on warfarin pharmacokinetics and no effect on pharmacodynamics.


In the preceding paper (1) it was shown that sera from the majority of patients with rheumatoid arthritis possess the property of agglutinating various strains of hemolytic streptococci to an extraordinarily high titer. No correlation was observed between the source of the strains and their agglutinability in the sera of rheumatoid arthritis patients. It was further shown that a variety of strains of other Gram-positive cocci were not agglutinated in a titer which was at all comparable with that obtained with strains of Streptococcus hemolyticus . An exception to this rule was observed in the case of strains of R pneumococci which were agglutinated in a titer almost as high as were strains of Streptococcus hemolyticus . In the present communication the nature of the agglutination phenomenon is analyzed and its possible significance is discussed. Analysis of Patients Examined. Early in the course of studies on the sera of rheumatoid arthritis patients it was observed that the agglutination phenomenon with hemolytic streptococci was subject to the widest variations.


Study  was conducted to explore the effect of  eight  different concentrations of IBA  (0.1  to 0.7mg/l + ½ MS  including 0.00 as control)  on number of leaves of banana plantles  which were produced through shoot tip culture in the Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Crop Production, Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam during the year 2004.  The effect of concentrations in terms of number of leaves was recorded after 10, 20, 30 and 40 days of plantlet initiation. ANOVA from statistical analysis revealed highly significant effects of different concentrations of IBA on number of leaves at all the  above mentioned  four time intervals under study.  Numerically, IBA concentration of 0.3mg/l produced more number of leaves (3.90, 4.52, 5.75 and 7.80) in banana plantlet at all the four time intervals i.e. 10, 20, 30  and 40 days respectively followed by concentration 0.4mg/l  which produced 3.00, 4.20, 5.10 and 7.40 number of leaves after 10, 20, 30 and 40 days  respectively  after initiation of banana plantlet.  However, control treatment with zero IBA concentration produced the lowest number of leaves at all the four time intervals followed by the concentration  with 0.1mg/l which produced 2.0, 2.88, 3.98 and 5.95 leaves at 10, 20, 30 and 40 days respectively.  Considering the results of present study,  it is recommended thatIBA concentrations 0.3 and 0.4mg/l may be used while producing healthy and  vigorousplantlets of banana for further multiplication commercially.


We compute the scattering amplitude for Schr\"odinger operators at a critical energy level, corresponding to the maximum point of the potential. We follow the wrok of Robert and Tamura, '89, using Isozaki and Kitada's representation formula for the scattering amplitude, together with results from Bony, Fujiie, Ramond and Zerzeri '06 in order to analyze the contribution of trapped trajectories.


Increasing the length of silver nanowires (AgNWs) has been demonstrated as an effective measure to enhance their optoelectronic properties by reducing light attenuation. Herein, we report a unique modified polyol synthesis of AgNWs with average length as long as ∼270 μm in a high yield of ∼90%. The synthesis of ultralong AgNWs involves the employment of ascorbic acid in the polyol approach. The strong reducing action of ascorbic acid allows the reduction of silver precursors to occur at a relatively low temperature, wherein the lateral growth of AgNWs is restrained because of efficient surface passivation via the dual function of poly-vinylpyrrolidone and ascorbic acid. The photoelectric properties of the as-synthesized ∼270 μm AgNW film show a noteworthy transmittance of 92.61% with a low haze of 1.35% at a sheet resistance of ∼322 Ω sq–1. In addition, the AgNW film shows distinguished mechanical property and relatively high electrical stability. The breakthrough in the length confinement of AgNWs is a highly expected step to prepare AgNW films with excellent performance.


Background: Early assessment of the oral health status of children has the potential to reduce or even eliminate oral diseases. Paediatricians are considered a perfect and reliable source for oral health control and prevention. In dentistry, clinical practice is directed towards attitudes that promote oral health and the paediatricians occupy a privileged position in this process. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and awareness of paediatricians in the prevention of dental caries in 3 district quarters, India. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was undertaken among 123 registered paediatricians in Indian Academy of Paediatrics (IAP) Karnataka directory and digest 2011-2013, Karnataka society. Out of which, 42 did not participate as their email address were not available. 29 sets of questions were mailed to all 81 paediatricians. Results: The response rate of the survey was 90% (70 out of 81), a total of 59% felt that the frequency of Early Childhood Caries (ECC) in their O.P.D was at least once a week. 51% responded that bacteria causing dental caries cannot be transmitted between mother and child. 53% felt that 1 year would be ideal for first dental visit. 64% of pediatricians were not aware that fluoride dentifrices and dental sealants will prevent dental caries. Conclusions: In general, pediatricians' knowledge, attitudes and awareness regarding oral health and prevention of dental caries was not satisfactory. It is essential to develop oral health information programs to pediatricians.


The invention discloses a guitar playing string pressing training device, and belongs to the technical field of guitar playing training. The guitar playing string pressing training device comprises a support which is an elastic plate body with a fold. The plate bodies of the two sides of the fold of the support are two different functional areas. One of the functional areas is provided with a wristband which fixes the support on a palm, and the other functional area is equidistantly provided with three gaps. Finger-shaped stretching edges are formed at the two sides of the gaps. The upper part of each finger-shaped stretching edge is provided with a finger sleeve. A spring is arranged between the side walls of the finger sleeve. The support is arc-shaped in a transverse direction so that the support is adaptive to arrangement of the four fingers of a person. Training of degree of flexibility of the string pressing fingers is facilitated, and posture is corrected so that the playing training effect is enhanced.


We solve a bit more then the half of the XV.th. proposition of Leonardo Pisano who was also named as Fibonacci. We do it using only elementary tools of number theory. Our problem is explicitly what square number and the sum of a p prime of the form 4k+1 give a square number again. The problem arises according to a really old book. After solving the problem we thought that it is possible to work on it with talented school children or with first grade university students as well. The best place is in number theory more precisely after the lecture on Pythagorean triple. Leonardo of Pisa (Leonardo Pisano) known as Fibonacci also dedicated his Book of Square Numbers (1225, "Liber quadratorum") to Emperor Frederick II. His PROPOSITION XV. was "To find a square number which, being increased or diminished by 5, gives a square number." [1], [2] He solved the problem in a very elegant way. Our simply task is only to find two numbers when the difference of their squares is five or more generally their difference is a p prime of the form of 4k +1. The first question is what do you mean on numbers. There are no problem if the numbers are real. On the other hand it is easy to see that there is only one solution if the numbers are the natural numbers 2 2 3 2 5 − = . The problem is a bit harder if I mean the numbers as rational numbers ( ). In this situation we get 2 2 2 2 5 − = x z y u (1) where x, y, z and u are positive natural numbers ( 0 y ≠ and 0 u ≠ ) the solution is not trivial. The problem is quite the same as the Pythagorean-triples which was solved in a lot of different ways [3]. We will get three infinite classes of solutions, and the proof is completely the same for all prime p where 4 1 p k = + for some k positive integer so we discuss this situation.


Introduction: Lunar exploration have been impacted by the dust contamination occurring on scientific equipment ([1]–[2]). The next space missions will be initiated by robots, with no human intervention and are no longer confined to the Moon: planets, comets and asteroids are also targeted. It appears that dust contamination can also occur in tokamak chambers. Indeed, dust particles are produced by repetitive interactions between the plasma and the wall of the tokamak chamber and can be electrically charged due to tritium adsorption. Such dusts can be responsible for tritium inventory issues and safety concerns in case of a loss of confinement. In both cases, it becomes more and more crucial to anticipate and bring under control the overall dust adhesion problem and more specifically to quantify adhesion forces.


Sino-Japanese relations during late Koizumi period has been widely considered having dropped to the lowest point since the two countries started normal diplomatic relationship in 1972. As a substitute strategy, cultural diplomacy thus became more important to smooth resentments and strengthen common interests on private citizen's level. This paper's purpose was to look at the outcome of Japan's cultural diplomacy in China, and it paid special attention to results brought by popular cultural flows based on the case of Japanese manga and anime. The paper used questionnaires to find out how Chinese college students connected their favorable opinion of Japanese popular culture to their attitude towards Japan, and the questionnaires were distributed in Shanghai and Harbin. The main result of the paper was that Japan's cultural diplomacy dropped into a dilemma, which meant on one hand it improved Japan's image in Chinese people's mind and on the other hand the Chinese government-led counteraction largely limited its potential power. The main barrier for Japan's cultural diplomacy in China was still historical issue.


This paper applied Analytic Hierarchy Process to evaluated the human factors in economic development,through Construction evaluating indicator system of humanities factor and establish judgement matrix to determine the impact weights of various factors.


Over the last few decades, social media platforms have gained a lot of popularity. People of all ages, gender, and areas of life have their presence on at least one of the social platforms. The data that is generated on these platforms has been and is being used for better recommendations, marketing activities, forecasting, and predictions. Considering predictions, the movie industry worldwide produces a large number of movies per year. The success of these movies depends on various factors like budget, director, actor, etc. However, it has become a trend to predict the rating of the movie based on the data collected from social media related to the movie. This will help a number of businesses relying on the movie industry in making promotional and marketing decisions. In this report, the aim is to collect movie data from IMDB and its social media data from YouTube and Wikipedia and compare the performance of two machine learning algorithms – Random Forest and XGBoost – best known for their high accuracy with small datasets, but large feature set. The collection of data is done from multiple sources or APIs.


This paper presents the first stage from a more complex model that introduces a spatial-time variability in the location of the demand. In this stage we constructed a hierarchical competitive location model, based on a maximization of customer's utility. The hierarchical location is a result of the threshold analysis, and is not associated with a sphere dimension. The application is in the well-known Swain s 55-node network. Results show a significant diminution of the optimal number of retail for different threshold, and stability in the choice of optimal localization. Also the application shows a well-known behavior of the retail excessive.


Recommended Citation Otten, MD, Marc L.; Petrone, BA, Mary; Nyquist, MD, Gurston G.; Rosen, Marc MD; Evans, MD, James J.; and Farrell, MD, Christopher J (2015) "Is Reconstruction of the Sella Necessary to Prevent Optic Chiasm Prolapse and Cerebrospinal Fluid Leakage Following Endoscopic Resection of Pituitary Macroadenomas?," JHN Journal: Vol. 10 : Iss. 2 , Article 4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.29046/JHNJ.010.2.002 Available at: https://jdc.jefferson.edu/jhnj/vol10/iss2/4


St. Johns pottery is a distinctive Florida ware that occurs in abundance throughout peninsular Florida but rarely outside the state. The St. Johns series is defined by a fabric that contains abundant sponge spicules and a characteristic "chalky" feel when handled (Borremans and Shaak 1986; Goggin 1952:99; Holmes 1894:111-112). The origins of these qualities have been a topic of debate in Florida archaeology for many years (Borremans and Shaak 1986; Cordell and Koski 2003; Crusoe 1971; Espenshade 1983; Rolland and Bond 2003). Two opposing hypotheses have been proposed to explain the presence of spicules: "naturally-present" and "added-temper." Some argue that St. Johns pottery was produced with clays that had spicules naturally occurring within them (e.g., Borremans and Shaak 1986; Cordell and Koski 2003), while others claim that spicules were intentionally added as temper to enhance the working properties of the clay (e.g., Rolland and Bond 2003). Systematic attempts to collect clays with abundant sponge spicules have proven mostly unsuccessful, but have been mostly limited to Duval and Brevard Counties (Espenshade 1983; Rolland and Bond 2003). To our knowledge, no replication experiments have successfully recreated a paste (a.k.a. fabric) that has the soft "chalky" feel and abundant sponge spicules of St. Johns pottery. The goal of this research is to better understand, through laboratory experiments, the process by which St. Johns series pottery was manufactured. Specifically, experiments were designed to test the possibility that added tempers imparted both the abundant sponge spicules and the chalky surface texture of the pottery. The soft chalky texture of St. Johns pottery is often attributed to the presence of freshwater sponge spicules in the clay (Borremans and Shaak 1986; Milanich 1994:246), but we argue that this relationship is one of correlation, not causation. A "chalky" feel in materials is imparted by the easy removal of extremely fine particles from the surface. For example, chalky substances such as chalk, talc, and gypsum can leave characteristic powdery residues on harder surfaces (such as chalkboards). The chalky texture of St. Johns pottery undoubtedly is also caused by particles exfoliating from sherd surfaces. Yet while spicules are among the particles sloughing off and removed when touched, their inherent shape imparts tactile qualities quite unlike the powdery residues of chalk, talc or gypsum. Spicules are silicate elements manufactured by freshwater sponges in their mesoderm and have needlelike structures that irritate the skin, much like fiberglass (Borremans and Shaak 1986; Cordell and Koski 2003:114). The needle-like structures of spicules are a well-known skin irritant for people working in mucky soils, a fact that is corroborated by our own personal experiences (Davis 1912). Therefore, spicules seem a very unlikely source for the chalky texture of St. Johns pottery. We hypothesize that organic muck from shallow freshwater environments (e.g., bogs, ponds, and wetlands) is a likely candidate for tempering St. Johns pots. Muck consists of decayed, fine-grained organic matter that turns to a fine powdery ash when fired. This ash might have imparted the "chalky" (or "ashy") feel of the pottery while also contributing sponge spicules, which are often abundant in muck deposits (Conley and Schelske 1993; Davis 1912). The replication experiment was conducted at the Florida Museum of Natural History Ceramic Technology Laboratory (FLMNH-CTL). Sediment samples from Florida archaeological sites were selected as the test materials. These included clays that are similar to St. Johns pottery in having a fine texture and low iron content, and muck and peat samples that are rich in sponge spicules. Raw clay samples and muck/peat samples were processed and combined in several different proportions to make clay test bars using molds in the lab. The bars were then broken into testing briquettes and fired to a series of increasing temperatures in the kiln. The experimental briquettes were compared to key characteristics of St. Johns pottery to determine if the experiment yielded successful replicas of St. Johns paste. These attributes include Mohs scratch hardness, surface and core coloring, oxidation, spicule abundance, grain size, and the subjective assessment of "chalky" texture.


A new computer oriented method for forecasting land use in an urban area is presented in this study. The street system is described as an arc-node network and extrapolation from past tendencies is performed with the aid of a probabilistic mapping of accessibility. It is thereby possible to consider more than one attraction activity, and to describe the size and shape of an activity rather than dealing with it as a single point. The street system is treated as the primary parameter in the model with the ability to change the network and the location of attraction activities.
 To illustrate the method, East Syracuse, New York, was studied to determine the necessary data and parametric values needed for forecasting. Forecasts were conducted with a variety of parametric specifications. The result of each forecast is presented in the form of a computer printed land use map and table of land use activity. These maps indicate that the method provides rational forecasts with the inherent speed and flexibility of a computer model.


The main systems of Fe-based soft magnetic bulk amorphous alloys are briefly reviewed.Then the effects of alloying elements on the thermal parameters,such as crystallization temperature(T_x),glassy transition temperature(T_g) and the supercooled liquid region(ΔT_x) have been emphatically introduced.The glass-forming ability of Fe-based amorphous alloys is closely related to ΔT_x and strongly dependent on the alloying composition.Finally,the influence of alloying elements on the glass-forming ability of these Fe-based bulk alloys has been summarised.


Worker exposure to a coal antifreeze agent, Nalcoal-8894, was investigated at the Ellsworth Coal Preparation facility (SIC-1211), Eighty Four, Pennsylvania. The study was requested by the United Mine Workers of America and was performed on February 23, 1982. Air samples were collected for Stoddard-solvent (8052413), the primary constituent of Nalcoal-8894. The authors conclude that no association could be found between reported symptoms and the use of Nalcoal-8894.


One of the challenges many HE professionals face in classrooms geared towards teaching or learning about social media, is teaching apparently digitally savvy students who feel their intense familiarity with social media is the same as critical understanding. While some may indeed be critical and indeed, possess a sophisticated understanding of algorithms, privacy, and the complex structures of social media, many do not. As such, guiding learners to move beyond their experience of the newsfeed, stream, or front page can be tremendously challenging as well as tremendously rewarding.

This chapter examines one approach for dealing with this sometimes difficult teaching context, providing a broad overview of the growing importance for critical perspectives on social media. Beginning with an outline of the rich variety of student experiences, this chapter contextualizes some of the learning challenges I have encountered in my own classrooms while teaching social media, challenges which require an open classroom and a critical view of the idea of 'digital natives'. This chapter also presents Facebook, particularly its interactions with Cambridge Analytica, as an ideal case for tackling the complexities of social media and pushing users beyond the social experience. The aim of this section is to examine the importance of personal data as the core business model of Facebook, and most mainstream or corporate social media.

Finally, this chapter includes three key exercises that can be used in classrooms to help learners to understand how Facebook works and some of what the Cambridge Analytica case reveals about social media. In sum, the purpose of this chapter is to examine some of the best ways to bring critical thinking into the experience of social media by providing a mix of theory and practical tasks so that learners can understand concepts of personal data collection and 'surveillance capitalism' in relation to their own Facebook accounts and social media use. The Cambridge Analytica case is particularly important and effective for engaging learners' critical understanding of social media and moving their perspective beyond the screen.


Interstitial main group atoms (C, N, P, etc.) play an essential role in the buildup of high-nuclearity metal carbonyl clusters because, unlike conventional ligands, they can contribute to the number of cluster valence electrons with no sterical requirements on the cluster surface. 1 In this respect, nitrido species are particularly interesting, since nitrogen atoms may donate up to five electrons, and also show a distinctive aptitude toward unusual stereochemistries and coordination numbers within the interstitial cavity; this results in singular cluster shapes. Several examples of nitrido and polynitrido clusters have been reported, mostly of rhodium, from the precursor of them all, [Rh 6N(CO)15], up to the recently reported giant [Rh 28N4(CO)41Hx]. Not so many are interstitial nitrido species of cobalt; to date only four compounds, [Co 6N(CO)15], [Co6N(CO)13], [Co7N(CO)15], and [Co14N3(CO)26], have been reported. 8


Analysis of institutional work is habitually complicated by the need to combine agentic and structural features. Drawing on the work of Gregory Bateson, the authors suggest that such complications emerge from an error in epistemology whereby the stability and "it-ness" of things is presupposed. As an alternative, they develop a processual analysis that considers the flexibility of adaptation in relational patterns. Here, institutional phenomena are not stable but characterized by regenerative and degenerative cycles of influence that afford or restrict room for maneuver without classifying them "as" something. The authors explicate this by drawing on empirical material covered in the HBO TV series The Wire.


To find new ways in maintaining the postharvest quality and extending the storage life of strawberry fruits and provide new ideas in the postharvest storage of non - climacteric fruits,'Darselect' strawberry(Fragaria ananassa Duch.) was used to investigate the effects of 1-hexanol treatment on postharvest physiology and quality of fruits.After treatment with 0.05%and 0.1%1 - hexanol,the weight loss rate,decay index,vitamin C content, POD activity,LOX activity and MDA content of fruits were studied during storage.The results showed that 1 - hexanol treatment lowered the weight loss rate and decay index,were higher levels vitamin C content and POD activity were,but LOX activity and MDA content were decreased,which is beneficial to delay the senescence and keep the postharvest quality of strawberry fruits.


Objective To investigate the role of tumor necrosis factor-a(TNF-a),norepinephrine (NE),endothelin (ET),adrenomedullin(ADM)in the pathogenesis of systemic inflammatory response syndrome(SIRS).Methods Plasma TNF-a,NE,ET and ADM levels were measured in 38 patients with SIRS .Results Plasma TNF-a,NE,ET and ADM levels were significantly higher in SIRS,especically in sepsis shock than that of healthy controls ( P 0 01) Conclusion The results indicate that TNF-a,NE,ET and ADM plays an important role in the pathophysiology of SIRS. [


Towed streamer EM data offer a possibility to generate a resistivity model of the earth within the sensitivity range of the EM survey, using procedures such as inverse modelling. There is, however, an inherent non-uniqueness in the problem due to noise, uncertainties, finite number of measurement positions and field components. To assess the model uncertainty, and analyse the data information content, we propose the Bayesian method of calculating probabilities for model parameters within a given set of models. Real towed streamer EM noise applied to synthetic EM data in a 3D model, similar to Barents Sea conditions, was used for the evaluation. The result of this work is a formulation of the posterior probability distribution for a set of sub surface resistivity model parameters. By analysing these probability functions we find that we are able to evaluate how a change in the data, e.g. different frequencies, sensor positions, noise levels or complexity of background, affect the probability of finding a model close to the true model.


A computer simulation has been performed of phase transformations taking place in thin films under various time–temperature regimes. The conditions used resemble those encountered in the rapid thermal processing of thin films. The effect of heating rate and final temperature have been studied in detail. It is observed that the two parameters can strongly influence the grain size and the grain size distribution within the films. The feasibility of using multiple step rapid thermal processing to optimize thin film microstructure is demonstrated.


The objectives of this study were to examine the actual and ideal roles of the school counselors of Newfoundland and Labrador and to discover any significant relationships between these roles and, the counselor's professional experience, his educational background in guidance, and counseling, and factors existing within the counselor's educational setting which might limit performance of an appropriate counselor role. -- From a theoretical background developed from related literature, fourteen hypotheses were presented in null form indicating that no significant differences existed between the counselor's actual and ideal roles and the counselor's professional experience, his educational background in guidance and counseling, and factors in his educational setting. Each hypothesis was divided into two sections for the actual and ideal roles respectively. -- The population of the study involved all of the fifty-six counselors of Newfoundland and Labrador and their fifty-three principals. The counselors indicated their professional experience, educational background in guidance and counseling, and rated their actual ideal percentages of time for eight major guidance roles and functions. The principals, in a separate questionnaire, indicated how they believed their counselors should spend their guidance time on the same eight guidance roles and functions. The key findings were: significant differences existed between the counselors' actual and ideal guidance roles; counselors with different types of professional experience differed significantly in the allocation of their guidance time; counselors with different levels of professional counselor education spent their time differently; the principals and their counselors held similar views on how the counselor should spend his guidance time; and of the five factors considered influential on counselor role within the school setting, three were found to be significant--professional duties, working at one or more than two school levels, and student ratio. Only two of the fourteen hypotheses were fully supported. -- Emerging from the study was the observation that provincial school counselors are not satisfied with some aspects of their roles and a number of counselors are confused over what constitutes an adequate counselor role. It is suggested that the provincial school counselors and their association (School Counselors' Association of Newfoundland) should work toward defining the role of the school counselor in the province and providing the necessary school atmosphere for an adequate guidance program. In addition, it may be advantageous if all provincial school counselors could be trained at the Master's Degree level in order to achieve a professional level of counselor status and effectiveness in provincial schools.


In recent years, MS has been widely used to study protein complex in eukaryotes. The identification of interacting proteins of a particular target protein may help defining protein–protein interaction and proteins of unknown functions. To isolate protein complexes, high‐speed ultracentrifugation, sucrose density‐gradient centrifugation, and coimmunoprecipitation have been widely used. However, the probability of getting nonspecific binding is comparatively high. Alternatively, by use of one‐ or two‐step (tandem affinity purification) epitope‐tag affinity purification, protein complexes can be isolated by affinity or immunoaffinity columns. These epitope‐tags include protein A, hexahistidine (His), c‐Myc, hemaglutinin (HA), calmodulin‐binding protein, FLAG, maltose‐binding protein, Strep, etc. The isolated protein complex can then be subjected to protease (i.e., trypsin) digestion followed by an MS analysis for protein identification. An example, the epitope‐tag purification of the Arabidopsis cytosolic ribosomes, is addressed in this article to show the success of the application. Several representative protein complexes in eukaryotes been isolated and characterized by use of this approach are listed. In this review, the comparison among different tag systems, validation of interacting relationship, and choices of MS analysis method are addressed. The successful rate, advantages, limitations, and challenges of the epitope‐tag purification are also discussed.


Comprehensive evaluation method for interchange project is built on projection pursuit technique.The method can determine directly the index objective weights result from sample data themselves,which can avoid the subjective negative impact on conclusion in other evaluation models.Real coding based on accelerating genetic algorithm(RAGA) is proposed and applied to the model optimization,used to search for the optimal projection directional vector,which can deal with effectively global optimization problem with various restriction conditions.


A total of 327 patients with metastatic prostatic cancer were randomized to either bilateral orchiectomy or treatment with zoladex depot supplemented by flutamide 250 mg 3 qid. Statistically significant increases in time to subjective and objective progression were recorded in favor of the combination treatment. No differences in time to death by cancer or overall death were recorded. The clinical significance of these differences will be reassessed once additional follow‐up is available and further analysis of the overall clinical material has been carried out. Cancer 66:1045–1057, 1990.


From 'The Chinese Recorder', January, 1903. In a volume lettered: China and the Chinese: a collection of pamphlets relating thereto. Volume 89.


In recent decades, anthropic interventions have altered the cycle of natural processes that occur on the Earth's surface, with impacts that configure the physical environment. The objective of the research was to identify and analyze geoindicators (geochemical) of anthropogenic environmental changes in the environmental compartments (water and sediments) of the Botas River basin. The methodology was based on the selection of five points in the longitudinal profile of the river and laboratory analysis (bed sediment, plain and water) to determine the trace elements: Cr, Cu, Ni, Cd, Pb and Zn. The results indicated water and sediment pollution by Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn elements, based on National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) reference values (BUCHMAN, 2008) and CONAMA (2005). A variability of 0.1 to 1.5 (Cr), 0 to 0.2 (Pb) and 0 to 0.2 (Zn) was observed for water (mg/l); in bed sediments (mg/kg) from 5.8 to 42.2 (Cr), 2.7 to 12.4 (Pb), 1.3 to 15 (Cu) and 22.9 to 69 (Zn); and, for plain sediments (mg/kg) a variation of 5.2 to 24.6 (Cr), 2 to 36.5 (Pb), 5.7 to 17.3 (Cu) and 20 to 242.2 (Zn) was obtained, with indication of gradual increase towards the downstream of the river. It is considered that the polluted points have been affected by industrial and domestic sewage in natura, associated with different types of land use and land


The shortcoming in technique in the speed measuring system of film-type wall-welder is analyzed, the improving method proposed based on its opetalion principle, the advantages of frequency/voltage converter and how to be used dealt with.


Washington, D.C.—Although campaigning Democrats promised to repeal the "non-interference" clause in the Medicare drug benefit, making such a change may not be all that easy. Democrats could push through a straight repeal of the current provision that prevents the federal government from directly negotiating drug prices with pharmaceutical companies. Such a move, however, would not necessarily alter the program under a Republican administration that believes private drug plans can negotiate prices better than bureaucrats.


49 Earth is home to over 350,000 vascular plant species that differ in their traits in 50 innumerable ways. Yet, a handful of functional traits can help explaining major differences 51 among species in photosynthetic rate, growth rate, reproductive output and other aspects of plant 52 performance. A key challenge, coined "the Holy Grail" in ecology, is to upscale this 53 understanding in order to predict how natural or anthropogenically driven changes in the identity 54 and diversity of co-occurring plant species drive the functioning of ecosystems. Here, we 55 analyze the extent to which 42 different ecosystem functions can be predicted by 41 plant traits 56 in 78 experimentally manipulated grassland plots over 10 years. Despite the unprecedented 57 number of traits analyzed, the average percentage of variation in ecosystem functioning that they 58 jointly explained was only moderate (32.6%) within individual years, and even much lower 59 (12.7%) across years. Most other studies linking ecosystem functioning to plant traits analyzed 60 no more than six traits, and when including either only six random or the six most frequently 61 studied traits in our analysis, the average percentage of explained variation in across-year 62 ecosystem functioning dropped to 4.8%. Furthermore, different ecosystem functions were driven 63 by different traits, with on average only 12.2% overlap in significant predictors. Thus, we did not 64 find evidence for the existence of a small set of key traits able to explain variation in multiple 65 ecosystem functions across years. Our results therefore suggest that there are strong limits in the 66 . CC-BY-ND 4.0 International license not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. It is made available under a The copyright holder for this preprint (which was this version posted November 29, 2019. . https://doi.org/10.1101/859314 doi: bioRxiv preprint


The more severe cases of mental subnormality have shown a fairly random social distribution, but mild subnormality is typically a lower‐class phenomenon. Various deterministic formulations have been offered in explanation of this, ranging from hereditarian notions of "bad stock" among the lower classes to environmentalist em‐phasis upon the debilitating effect of poor social circumstances. This article argues that such attempts to account for the social distribution of subnormality in terms of aetiology are premature, because the processes whereby people come to be labelled as subnormal are largely unexamined.


Industrial buildings as an example of cultural heritage transform our cultural identity from the past to the present and even for the future. Unfortunately, there are lots of industrial building which lost its function by converting the place to live and identifiable place. This research will clarify the reasons for conserving of the industrial heritage and by classification of international charters which are dealing with industrial heritage will introduce conservation methods for adaptive reuse of industrial buildings. As a case study, the research will focus on Energy Museum in Istanbul. To assess the building based on reusing principals. The study concludes that the Energy Museum is one of the successful examples of reuse of the building. It also concludes that less intervention in reusing a building can save the identity of the building.


With its rise,China attracted more and more attention from all over the world.People are willing to know how China achieved such great development unprecedented in the history of human beings since the reform and opening up some 30 years ago and what the rise of China means to the rest of the world.


The antitumor effect of intra‐tumoral injection of Cepharanthin, a biscoclaurin alkaloid extracted from Stephania cephalanta Hayata, and staphylococcal enterotoxin B was evaluated using F344 male rats bearing transplantable rat osteosarcoma, S‐SLM. A macroscopic lung metastatic nodule of tumor was transplanted into the subcutaneous back space, and 0.5 mg of Cepharanthin and 2 pg of staphylococcal enterotoxin B were injected into the tumor on days 12, 13 and 14. On day 28, all animals were killed with an overdose of pentobarbital sodium, and the transplanted tumors and lungs were examined. The wet weight of the lungs of the rats treated with Cepharanthin and staphylococcal enterotoxin B was significantly lower, and apoptosis in the lung metastatic nodules was significantly higher than that of the control or that of rats treated with only Cepharanthin or staphylococcal enterotoxin B. In the transplanted tumors, infiltration of TRAP (tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase)‐positive multinucleated giant cells was prominent in the rats treated with Cepharanthin and staphylococcal enterotoxin B. These findings indicate that intra‐tumoral injection of Cepharanthin and staphylococcal enterotoxin B induced infiltration of TRAP‐positive multinucleated giant cells within the transplanted rat osteosarcoma, and reduced lung metastasis.


We theoretically and numerically investigate spin waves that occur in systems of classical magnetic dipoles that are arranged at the vertices of a regular polygon and interact solely via their magnetic fields. There are certain limiting cases that can be analyzed in detail. One case is that of spin waves as infinitesimal excitations from the system's ground state, where the dispersion relation can be determined analytically. The frequencies of these infinitesimal spin waves are compared with the peaks of the Fourier transform of the thermal expectation value of the autocorrelation function calculated by Monte Carlo simulations. In the special case of vanishing wave number an exact solution of the equations of motion is possible describing synchronized oscillations with finite amplitudes. Finally, the limiting case of a dipole chain with N⟶∞ is investigated and completely solved.


In this paper, we study $K$-theoretic Gromov--Witten invariants of projective spaces. Using the theory of the confluence of $q$-difference equations, introduced by J. Sauloy, we propose a new perspective to relate $K$-theoretical Gromov--Witten invariants to their cohomological analogues. In the case of projective spaces, we show that adapting the confluence process to Givental's small $K$-theoretical $J$-function recovers the small cohomological $J$-function.


The article is devoted to the issues of the institutional development of the state and municipal services in the conditions of reforms. The author describes the contemporary stage peculiarities of the state and municipal services and their development as a social institution, defines the factors influencing the performance of the state and municipal services and the attractors of the institutional development.


Civil infrastructure is one of the fundamental items in the modern economy. For this reason, it is necessary the continuous assessment of its condition, as any deterioration might cause economic and, potentially, human losses. Modern structures incorporate sensing technology with the aim of obtaining data in real-life operation conditions. Hence, it is necessary the compressing of the acquired data in order to use as less storage space as possible. Bearing this in mind, this paper proposes the utilization of the discrete wavelet transform to perform the data compression by using the approximation coefficients, since its estimation already implies the compression of the in-test signal. To find out if the data have a closely resemblance with its uncompressed version, the box counting fractal, a tool from the non-linear theory is used to measure if the compressed signal has similar patterns, and thus the same frequency content, that the original version. The most common wavelet mother functions are studied. A real-life signal acquired from a 4-story 2 × 2 bay 3D frame structure is analyzed, where the frequencies contained in the signal are estimated. The obtained results show that the proposal can be considered as an effective tool for compressing vibration signals.


An ongoing Candida auris outbreak in the New York metropolitan area is the largest recorded to date in North America. NY C. auris isolates demonstrate resistance to fluconazole and variable resistance to other antifungals. Thus, there is an urgent need for new drugs with a novel mechanism of action to combat the resistance challenge. Manogepix (MGX) is a first-in-class agent that targets the fungal Gwt1 enzyme. The prodrug, fosmanogepix, is in clinical development for the treatment of invasive fungal infections.

 We evaluated the susceptibility of 200 NY C. auris isolates (2017-2020) to MGX and 10 comparators. Testing was performed using TREK frozen broth microdilution panels for FLC, VRC, ITC, ISA, POS, AFG, CAS, and MFG. MGX MICs were evaluated (CLSI M27-A3 guidelines) using a 50% reduction in fungal growth endpoint at 24 h. MICs were determined by ETEST® at 24 h for AMB and FLC. We defined pan-resistant C. auris as isolates with in vitro resistance to two or more azoles, all echinocandins, and AMB. The epidemiological cutoff values (ECVs, ECOFFs) for MGX were estimated using the Microsoft Excel spreadsheet calculator ECOFFinder.

 MGX demonstrated lower MICs than comparators (MIC50 and MIC90 0.03 mg/L; range 0.004-0.06 mg/L). MGX was 8-32-fold more active that the echinocandins, 16-64-fold more active than the azoles, and 64-fold more active than AMB. No differences were found in the MGX or comparators' MIC50, MIC90, or GEOMEAN values when subsets of clinical, surveillance, and environmental isolates were evaluated. The range of MGX MIC values for six C. auris pan-resistant isolates was 0.008-0.015 mg/L, and the median and mode MIC values were 0.015 mg/L, demonstrating that MGX retains activity against these isolates. The MGX epidemiological cutoff value (ECV, 99% cutoff) was 0.06 mg/L.

 MGX MICs were low against C. auris isolates including those with variable patterns of resistance to AMB, azoles, and echinocandins. In addition, MGX retained potent activity against six pan-resistant isolates. These data support the continued clinical evaluation of fosmanogepix for the treatment of C. auris infections, including highly resistant isolates.

 Karen J. Shaw, PhD, Amplyx (Consultant)Forge Therapeutics (Consultant) Vishnu Chaturvedi, PhD, Amplyx (Grant/Research Support)


The breeding work on soybean at the Agricultural Institute Osijek primarily has aimed to increasing yields of soybean in Croatia. The improving of yield potential is based on the improvement of genetic basis of traits that determine its quantity and quality, applying the conventional breeding methods and outlines valid for self-polinated crops, such as soybean. The objective of this research was to evaluate grain quality of new developed soybean elite breeding lines in comparative tests with check cultivars into 00, 0 and I. maturity group (MG) during a three-year period (2001-2003) in Osijek. Tested elite breeding lines have developed from previously cycle of selection on the basis of their performances. Checks are released cultivars of the Institute that have grown in commercial production in Croatia. The grain quality value of tested genotypes was estimated through analysis of level and stability of protein and oil content in grain, as well as theirs adaptability. After stability analysis, on the part of tested materials which showed good stability and wide-general adaptability in oil content in grain were made analysis of triacylglycerols. The obtained results of biometrical analysis in these study showed that the most tested promising lines had significantly higher protein and oil content in grain in relation on checks in MG 00, 0 and I as well as good stability in analysed traits and wide-general adaptability. Analysis of triacylglycerols showed genetic variability in this trait. Generally, these data indicate on achieved genetic improvement of soybean cultivars in grain quality.


There are several complex middle to low porosity and low permeability oil reservoirs in the Chaheji oil field, dominated by dual factors of structure and lithology, the reservoir rocks of the oilbearing formations are mainly of alluvial sediments. The 20 years of development history of the reservoirs has shown a typical procedure of successive exploration and development. Through high precised geological interpretation and successive cognitions, policies suitable to the geologic features of the oil reservoirs were established, and development policies such as well network perfection and intensification, adjustment of the oil pay zones and water zones in individual well sections, systematic treatments on the whole water injecting and oil producing wells, were proved to be effect, and fruitful results were achieved. These achievements in Chaheji oil field are inevitably credible and helpful to the development practice of other similar reservoirs.


Accidents cost money. Hospitality, May 1967, p. 166-170. Correct approach to accident prevention. Ella May Frazer. Hotel Bulletin, September 1967, p. 24-25. Full time safety director builds loyalty. Hospitality, October 1967, p. 65-67. How to build motivation into safety rules. R. H. Magee. Personnel Journal, February 1967, p. 88-91, 108. Oflice building security survey. Buildings, November 1967, p. 63-65, 96. Safety in industry. U.S. Dept. of Labor. Washington, Govt. Print. Ofl~., [1967] 11 pts. in 1.


The provenance of white sharks (Carcharodon carcharias) in the Mediterranean is both a conundrum and an important conservation issue. Considering this species's propensity for natal philopatry, any evidence that the Mediterranean stock has little or no contemporary immigration from the Atlantic would suggest that it is extraordinarily vulnerable. To address this issue we sequenced the mitochondrial control region of four rare Mediterranean white sharks. Unexpectedly, the juvenile sequences were identical although collected at different locations and times, showing little genetic differentiation from Indo-Pacific lineages, but strong separation from geographically closer Atlantic/western Indian Ocean haplotypes. Historical long-distance dispersal (probably a consequence of navigational error during past climatic oscillations) and potential founder effects are invoked to explain the anomalous relationships of this isolated 'sink' population, highlighting the present vulnerability of its nursery grounds.


The processes of adsorption and desorption of Hg(II) by 15 soils were investigated. Within an initial Hg solution concentration range of 1.0 × 10-7 to 1.1 × 10-4M, all soils with a large organic matter content (> 11.0 g C kg-1) had an S-type isotherm, whereas all soils with a low organic matter cont


ing functional styles: self-effacing-masochistic (F: r = –.50, p < .001/M: r = –.52, p < .001), rebellious-distrustful (F: r = –.46, p < .001/M: r = –.41, p < .001) and emotion-focused strategy (F: r = –.65, p < .001/M: r = –.60, p < .001); in girls: cooperative-overconventional (r = .23, p < .01), aggressive-sadistic (r = –.34, p < .001) and problem-focused strategy (r = .40, p < .001); in boys: managerial-autocratic (r = .47, p < .001). The values of the explained variance in girls and boys are comparable (61%). In this model of explanation of the results, an aggressive-sadistic style is important for girls, but a docile-dependent style is important for boys. conclusions


Zinc oxide (ZnO) is a direct bandgap (Eg= 3.36 eV) semiconductor with a large exciton binding energy (60 meV), exhibiting near UV emission, transparent conductivity and piezoelectricity. It also has comparable to GaN high saturation velocity and better radiation hardness. Furthermore, ZnO is bio-safe and biocompatible, and may be also used for biomedical applications. Because of its unique properties, ZnO has recently attracted strong attention. Its applications vary from sensors and piezoelectric mechanical systems, to optical and electrical components. Interest in transparent displays has prompted a significant increase in studies of thin film transistors (TFTs) [1]. Compared to the widely used amorphous silicon displays, ZnO offers a major advantage in terms of significantly higher carrier mobility and excellent electrical and optical properties [2, 3]. Various reports addressed Metalorganic Chemical Vapor Deposition (MOCVD) grown ZnO layers, but only few results exist on TFTs [e.g. 4, 5]. MOCVD is a well established technique and has already become the dominant process for the manufacture of laser diodes, solar cells, LEDs and transistors. One particular advantage of the use of MOCVD ZnO growth for industry applications is the capability of using large size substrates at a relatively low cost-value ratio.


Expatiated electric power system data telcom exitsent problems and requirements. Brought forward choice principle of electric power system backbone broadband integreting data telecom organizing network, integreted electric power system characteristics, investigated key technology for backbone broadband integreting organizing network, made the solution for choice.


Using metaphorical cognitive mechanism and the prototype categorization theory,this paper analyses the metaphorical expansion of the word "from" ,drawing the conclusion that semantic meaning of preposition "from" gradually extends on the cognitive reference point of "space" prototype by way of family resemblance and eventually finishes the mapping of the source domain of spatial concept to the target domain of non-spatial,that is,the mapping of the domain of space to the domain of time,state,scope,negation and other area.


: In order to model the effect of mixture parameters and material properties on the hardened properties of, prestressed self-compacting concrete (SCC), and also to investigate the extensions of the statistical models, a factorial design was employed to identify the relative significance of these primary parameters and their interactions in terms of the mechanical and visco-elastic properties of SCC. In addition to the 16 fractional factorial mixtures evaluated in the modeled region of − 1 to +1, eight axial mixtures were prepared at extreme values of − 2 and +2 with the other variables maintained at the central points. Four replicate central mixtures were also evaluated. The effects of five mixture parameters, including binder type, binder content, dosage of viscosity-modifying admixture (VMA), water-cementitious autogenous and shrinkage The applications of the models understand trade-offs


Most of the time, applying human rights language into market-based systems is seen as an attempt to merge waters from two different ponds that can never meet. This paper argues that the perceived dichotomy between human rights and market instruments as presented in the literature, stem from the failures of scholars to consider the possibilities of instruments and approaches that present a mutually beneficial relationship and a win-win scenario between both. This paper argues that human rights instruments could in fact strengthen the efficiency of market-based mechanisms if properly applied. This paper proposes a human rights based approach to carbon finance as an approach that could enable us draw on the flexibility of markets, but at the same time mainstream human rights standards into market instruments to protect market abuse, human rights violations and unsustainability.


Topic: P02 Anxiety Disorders and Somatoform Disorders SEPARATION ANXIETY IN ADULT PATIENTS: FROM SYMPTOM CORRELATION TO OUTCOME PREDICTION P. Grandinetti1, A. Bruschi1, A. De Angelis1, M. Pascucci1, E. Salvador1, S. Solaroli1, S. Pini2, M. Di Nicola1, L. Janiri1, G. Pozzi1 1Institute of Psychiatry and Psychology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart Policlinico A. Gemelli, Roma, Italy ; 2Department of Psychiatry Neurobiology Pharmacology and Biotechnologies, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy


The perovskite structure is the most ubiquitous and important in solid state chemistry. Its significance to functional materials lies, to a large extent, in the degree of compositional and structural flexibility available, starting from the aristotype cubic ABX3 structure. Thus, it is possible to incorporate a vast range of substitutions at the A and B cation sites and the X anion site, including mixed ion species and also vacancies at each site. If there is a sufficient chemical driving force, the species (atoms or vacancies) at the A, B and X sites may be crystallographically ordered, and it is this ordering that gives much of the richness to perovskite chemistry. The second common structural feature of perovskites is 'tilting' of the BX6 octahedral units, and the nature of the common tilting schemes is well understood. This paper describes a unique variant of the perovskite structure, Na2MoO2 dF4+d (d B 0.08) which displays simultaneous atomic order at all three sites, A, B and X, together with an unusual octahedral tilt scheme. Na2MoO2 dF4+d was prepared by hydrothermal reaction of a mixture of NaF (1 mmol), MoO3 (1 mmol), MoO2 (1 mmol), guanidinium carbonate (1 mmol), H2O (0.2 ml) and HF (48% aq.; 0.2 ml). This mixture was sealed in a Teflon-lined stainless steel autoclave and heated to 160 1C for 3 days. Blue air-stable crystals were recovered by filtration. Powder X-ray diffraction suggested the product to contain a small amount of residual MoO2, which appears as a black powder on the surface of some crystals. Guanidine is not incorporated into the product, but attempts to prepare this phase from similar reactions, omitting the guanidinium carbonate, failed to produce the same product. The crystal structure was analysed using single crystal X-ray diffraction (see ESI†). The asymmetric unit (Fig. 1) contains one Na2MoO2 dF4+d formula unit and, in particular, incorporates two distinct Na sites. Further inspection reveals that the structure is a unique variant of perovskite, incorporating Na on both the A and B sites, with fully ordered (Na,vacancy) on the A-site, fully ordered (Na,Mo) on the B-site and (O,F) fully ordered (within the constraints of stoichiometry – see later) on the X-site (Fig. 2). In addition there are octahedral tilts around each of the principal pseudo-cubic axes. This unprecedented atomic ordering and tilt scheme gives rise to a large, low-symmetry unit cell, of dimensions approximatelyO2aP O2aP 4aP (where aP is the cubic aristotype unit cell parameter)§. The cation ordering scheme (Fig. 2) has an alternating 'rock-salt' like arrangement of Na(2) and Mo on the B-sites and a layered ordering of Na(1) and vacancies on the A-site. Rock-salt ordering on the B-site is relatively common in oxide perovskites, being driven by a large size/charge difference of the two B-site cations. This is the situation in the present case. A-site ordering is relatively rare, but ordering of cations and vacancies does occur in compounds such as La1/3NbO3, where a layered ordering of vacancies and 2/3 occupied La sites exists. This type of ordering is facilitated by the tendency of the d cation at the B-site to undergo a 2nd-order Jahn–Teller off-centring Fig. 1 Asymmetric unit of Na2MoO2 dF4+d. Bond lengths (Å) around Mo are: Mo–O(1) 1.6837(15), Mo–O(2) 1.7273(14), Mo–F(1) 2.1212(11), Mo–F(2) 2.0499(12), Mo–F(3) 1.9599(18), Mo–F(4) 1.916(2).


The article deals with the economic nature of company's intangible assets. The criteria for the purpose of intangible assets and their characteristic features are identified. They are: no material real (physical) structure, i.e., they are not physically tangible; use for a long time; serve the purposes of production or management of the firm (enterprise); ability to bring economic benefits to the enterprise; under normal conditions there is no need for the user to resell them; income opportunity in the present and the future; high uncertainty level of future profits from their use; long-term operation of the assets. The necessity of evaluating intangible assets is expressed, which occurs in the case of contracts of sale, the reorganization (merger, division, acquisition, etc.), liquidation and bankruptcy of enterprises, revaluation of fixed assets of the company, making up the share capital of the company, transfer of the use of IP-based licensing agreement for the franchise contract, etc. Classification of intangible assets is offered to be completed with a new group, which reflects the income from the use of the educational potential of employees.